Samsung's Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus are expected to be the first phones to be launched in China in the next few years.
The Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus are expected to be the first phones to be launched in China in the next few years.
The Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S

Samsung Electronics says its operating profit is likely to rise 15% in the fourth quarter from a year ago, missing market expectations.

Article: The Jay Report said taxi drivers played a prominent role in moving around children who were abused in the town between 1997-2013.
One recommendation was to provide training so taxi drivers could help agencies spot and report abuse.
The council said compulsory courses were being planned.
Authorities in a number of others areas including Leeds, Calderdale and Harrogate have already brought in the training as a direct result of what happened in Rotherham.
The delay in Rotherham has been because of problems in bringing in a new licensing policy.
Rotherham Council did start a review of its licensing policy after the Jay report was released.
It was decided last November that CSE training should be given to taxi and private hire vehicle drivers.
But the council was in chaos and the plans were scrapped after another report, by Louise Casey, deemed the council unfit for purpose. Government commissioners were put in charge of council functions and the licensing department.
A new policy has now been approved and compulsory training is included for taxi licence holders.
It's due to get under way in the next three months, but a year on from the Jay Report, the public will be left wondering if valuable time has been wasted.
The council said taxi drivers that had specific contracts dealing with vulnerable children already received safeguarding training.
It said the new licensing policy, which was brought in last month, now made it a compulsory requirement.
A spokesman said: "The council is in the process of organising 60 sessions that will ensure all drivers receive the training within a three-month period.
"The cost of these sessions will be met by the council."
There are 1,200 drivers registered in Rotherham, 80 operators and 800 vehicles.

Summary: New training for taxi drivers on how to spot signs of child sexual exploitation has yet to be implemented in Rotherham a year after a report called for it.
###
Article: The preliminary figures show that operating profit will be 6.1tn won ($5.1bn; Â£3.5bn) for the October to December period, from 5.29tn won a year earlier.
Analysts had expected the amount to be 6.6tn won, fuelling growth concerns.
Samsung products have been hit by weak demand in China and currency woes.
Operating profit fell 7.5% from the previous quarter.
Sales at the world's biggest maker of memory chips and smartphones also missed forecasts at 53tn won for the period.
Samsung does not break down its earnings results in the preliminary report, leaving analysts to speculate on how each business division is doing.
But analysts predict that the latest forecast is a sign that the tech giant will face another tough year of weaker gadget sales as the smartphone market is saturated.
Samsung is facing stiff competition at the top end of the market from Apple, while cheaper Chinese rivals are gaining ground in the mid to low level range for mobile devices.
On Monday, chief executive Kwon Oh-hyun had warned that the firm faced challenges on weak global economic growth prospects.
Final earnings results for the quarter are due to be released at the end of January.

Summary:


NHS staff using Google's search engine has triggered one of its cybersecurity defences.

Article: The bank's commitment is included in the new charter for small and medium enterprises by its parent company Lloyds Banking Group.
The group has set a target of supporting 5,000 new exporters across the UK in 2016 and 25,000 by 2020.
The charter also pledges to boost lending to small businesses by Â£1bn.
Graham Blair, from the Bank of Scotland, said: "The future success of the Scottish economy hinges on small businesses looking to overseas markets for growth.
"Through this new pledge, we want to support a new legion of Scottish exporters, and ultimately to help the Scottish economy to prosper."
Lloyds Banking Group said it planned to invest Â£450m in digital technology and training in the next three years, including creating a new international trade portal enabling UK businesses to discover opportunities across the globe.
The group has trained more than 300 UK staff in international trade and has a network of export specialists across the country to help develop and advise on overseas trading opportunities.
UK Trade and Investment Minister Lord Price said: "This government has committed to having 100,000 more UK companies exporting by 2020 and this pledge by Lloyds is a welcome contribution towards this target.
"It's great to see the banks doing their bit to support small and medium-sized businesses looking to invest and create jobs."

Summary: The Bank of Scotland has pledged to help Scottish businesses become first-time exporters to boost the nation's economy.
###
Article: NHS Digital confirmed so many NHS staff use the search engine that it had started asking them to take a quiz to verify they were "not a robot".
News site the Register reported one NHS Trust had told staff to "use Bing" instead.
Google indicated its systems were designed to spot unusual traffic and were working as intended.
Detecting suspicious traffic from one network can help defeat potential cyber-attacks, such as attempts to try to overwhelm a website.
The BBC understands Google is not deliberately singling out NHS traffic.
A Google spokeswoman said: "Our systems are simply checking that searches are being carried out by humans and not by robots in order to keep web users safe. Once a user has filled out the Captcha [security check], they can continue to use Google as normal."
The NHS is one of the biggest employers in the world, with more than a million members of staff.
An email sent by an NHS system administrator suggested the number of staff using the search engine was "causing Google to think it is suffering from a cyber-attack".
NHS Digital told the Register: "We are aware of the current issue concerning NHS IP addresses which occasionally results in users being directed to a simple verification form when accessing Google.
"We are currently in discussion with Google as to how we can help them to resolve the issue."
NHS Digital was unable to suggest what NHS staff may be searching for using Google.

Summary:

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The Baggage-handling company Swissport has drafted in 40 extra staff to avoid a repeat of the problems where some travellers went home without luggage.
The company apologised for last week's delays, blaming a staff shortage.
Travel organisation Abta has advised air passengers to carry essential items in their hand luggage.

Photographs capturing some of the most important moments and inspirational figures of the Rock Against Racism movement are to go on show in Bradford.

Article: Baggage-handling company Swissport has drafted in 40 extra staff to avoid a repeat of the problems where some travellers went home without luggage.
The company apologised for last week's delays, blaming a staff shortage.
Travel organisation Abta has advised air passengers to carry essential items in their hand luggage.
Gatwick's management has also laid on staff to assist with the baggage operation.
It had been critical of Swissport's performance, saying it had failed to meet standards.
An airport spokesman said early indications on Saturday showed all flights had so far met the time targets for returning luggage to the baggage claim area.
"The average wait time in the hall this morning so far has been 30 minutes, which is no different to most other weekends.
"Going into the weekend we are not expecting any issues but we have put extra staff in place," he said.
All of the 41 flights to arrive at Gatwick between 01:00 and 06:00 BST returned baggage to the carousel within 55 minutes of arrival.
About 132,000 passengers are expected to pass through the airport on Saturday, with about 144,000 expected on Sunday.
On Thursday, it emerged airline Monarch had ended two contracts with Swissport, following last weekend's problems.
The BBC understands a new baggage handler will be appointed by November.

Summary: Passengers reclaiming their baggage at Gatwick Airport have had little or no delay after extra staff were brought in following last weekend's disruption.
###
Article: The images, taken by Syd Shelton, from Pontefract, include pictures of The Clash, Misty in Roots and The Specials.
The collection also features photos taken at the Rock Against Racism Carnival at Victoria Park, Hackney, which attracted a crowd of 100,000.
The show runs from Friday to 3 September at the Impression Gallery.
The Rock Against Racism (RAR) movement formed in response to controversial remarks made by Eric Clapton in 1976.
In the following years, RAR staged marches, festivals and more than 500 concerts in the UK in a bid to fight racism through music.
Shelton, who studied Fine Art in Leeds and Wakefield, said he became involved with the movement after returning to the UK from America in 1976.
He said: "I was appalled at the state of race relations in Britain, in particular things like the Black and White Minstrel Show and the signs I saw in some windows saying 'No Blacks, No Dogs, No Irish'.
"It was a pretty serious situation and I always loved music and very quickly hooked up with the people that had set up RAR.
"It was a bizarre mixture of people, photographers, graphic designers, writers, actors and, of course, musicians.
"We were very lucky in the sense that we tuned in to that explosion of punk and UK reggae and brought the two together. That said more about what RAR was about than any of the slogans we may have shouted from the stage."
He added: "I hope the exhibition shows that you can change things and you can actually take a stand, even in the most difficult of situations.
"If it inspires people to be photographers that would be great but I hope it will also inspire people to fight against racism and inequality."

Summary:


The Scottish government has announced plans to cut the winter fuel allowance to Â£300,000 a year.
The move comes after a Scottish government paper said ministers were considering the eligibility criteria.
Alternative options included a fuel bill rebate or using the funding to provide warmer homes, the paper said.
The government said

A schoolgirl with an "ultra-rare" genetic condition is celebrating a decision to fund life-changing medication on the NHS in Wales.

Article: Alex Neil made the pledge after a Scottish government paper said ministers were "considering the eligibility criteria".
Alternative options included a fuel bill rebate or using the funding to provide warmer homes, the paper said.
The government said no-one who receives the benefit currently would lose it.
The winter fuel allowance, of up to Â£300, is currently available to everyone aged over 62 and is paid to about 1.1m people in Scotland each year.
In 2013/14 the total amount spent on winter fuel payments in Scotland was Â£186m.
The government paper on social security stresses the need to "target resources" to make the most of a "limited budget".
It said ministers could look at "converting the payments into a fuel bill rebate or using the funding to provide warmer, more affordable homes".
A Scottish government spokesperson later clarified the plans, saying: "There is absolutely no question of means-testing eligibility for the winter fuel allowance - or of removing entitlement from anyone who currently receives it.
"What the consultation is aimed at, is seeing if it would be appropriate and effective to use winter fuel payments as part of our aims to tackle fuel poverty and make homes warmer.
"This includes looking at whether it is appropriate to extend eligibility and if fuel bill rebates should be considered. We want to help people who are struggling to keep their homes warm - and this is one area we are exploring to see if are able to do that."
Last year the SNP called for an increase in winter fuel payments, and pledged to protect the allowance in its 2015 election manifesto.
There have previously been calls to means-test fuel payments. A BBC investigation found that across the UK only about 400 out of 12 million recipients had chosen to decline the allowance.
The new paper on social security in Scotland says "tackling fuel poverty" is "a priority for the Scottish government", but calls for views on how effective the payments are in doing this and what changes "might be welcomed".
An Age Scotland...

Summary: Scotland's social justice secretary has promised not to abolish, cut or means-test the winter fuel payment when it comes under Holyrood control.
###
Article: Nine-year-old Gracie Mellalieu, from Flintshire, is one of just five people in Wales with Morquio Syndrome, which affects the way bones and joints grow.
She has been trialling a new drug called Vimizim, which has now won Welsh Government approval.
It will cost about Â£880,000 a year to treat eligible patients in Wales.
"We were just fingers crossed waiting around for a long time, it's been constant waiting, hoping things are going to happen," said Gracie's mother, Yvette.
"It's just a huge weight off our shoulders. We just feel so happy that the result has been a positive one."
The drug was approved for use in England in December last year, but a decision had to be made on whether it would be available on the Welsh NHS.
"Yes, it is an expensive drug, but what you have to think there is it is an ultra-rare disease being treated by a drug that can't just be pushed out like paracetemol," argued Gracie's mother.
"It's going to take a lot more research to develop the drug, which is the enzyme that Gracie is missing, that is putting it back into the body.
"I think it is wrong to say somebody like Gracie doesn't deserve that because it is expensive. She has a lot to give to life and a lot to give to society."
Gracie, who lives in Mynydd Isa near Buckley,  has been receiving weekly therapy with the drug at Wrexham Maelor Hospital.
It has led to a great improvement in her condition, with better lung function, improved eyesight and she does not need to use a wheelchair to get about.
The campaign to get the drug approved for Gracie received a huge boost when the schoolgirl was captured on camera singing a song to thank hospital staff.
Announcing the decision to fund the new drug, the Health Minister Mark Drakeford said he had listened to the advice of the All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.
It said the medicine was both a clinically and a cost effective way to treat the disease.
"Up until now we've only had therapies that are things that help people to manage with the condition," explained Mr Drakeford.
"This new drug...

Summary:


The BBC's new show, "Love - later in life", is a tribute to the life of the late Alex Dyke.
The show is a tribute to the late Alex Dyke, who died in a car crash in the early 1990s.
The show is a tribute to the late Alex Dyke,

A 95-year-old invited into a BBC radio programme after calling in about being lonely has become a hit on social media.

Article: A survey of 198 employers in the UK indicated, for graduates, being good at communicating, a team player, confident and analytical were all more important than having technical knowledge.
But this changed after two years in the job, when firms said knowledge was increasingly important.
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) supported the findings.
"Technical knowledge" was ranked 24th out of 30 competencies desired by employers at the recruitment stage, in the research, carried out by education provider Kaplan.
But after two years of employment, the importance of technical knowledge rose to second place.
Stuart Pedley-Smith, head of learning in the UK at Kaplan, said: "On the whole, we found that the employers we surveyed do not recruit graduates for the subject-specific nature of what they learned at university."
He said employers saw a university degree as proof that graduates had reached a certain level of competence.
Mr Pedley Smith added: "There is a well-known saying within recruitment - 'Recruit for attitude and train for skill.'"
Employers were happy to provide training for the more technical areas, he said.
Rob Wall, CBI head of education and employment policy, said: "The UK is facing a growing skills gap, so we must have an education system that better prepares young people for the world of work.
"That means not only do they need higher skills, but the character, determination and ability to communicate effectively and help forge successful careers."
Mr Wall said the CBI had found 89% of British firms had regarded attitudes to work and character as the most important factor when recruiting graduates.

Summary: Employers prefer "soft" skills rather than technical knowledge in graduates they are recruiting, a study suggests.
###
Article: Bill Palmer, from Southampton, called the Alex Dyke show on BBC Radio Solent about his life after his wife went into a nursing home.
Dyke immediately ordered a taxi to bring Mr Palmer to the studio to allow phone-in listeners to chat to him.
A recording of the call has been viewed tens of thousands of times on Facebook.
The 95-year-old, from Sholing, married his wife Sheila, 85, on 2 June 2014 after they had been friends for 30 years.
Shortly afterwards Sheila - who has dementia and colitis - fell and was taken into hospital. She was then moved into a nursing home, where she now lives.
Mr Palmer phoned the BBC Radio Solent programme on Wednesday during a phone-in on "Love - later in life".
Although he visits his wife every day, he said: "Every day is hell. I feel so alone".
The production team immediately arranged to take Mr Palmer to the studio in Southampton, where he sat in on the rest of the show.
Mr Palmer said: "I just sit with my wife and we tell each other we love each other, and that's it.
"She knows who I am and she often says 'we did get married on the second of June didn't we?' - and that's when it hurts.
"I listen to the radio and watch TV and have lots of friends, but unfortunately when you get old people don't visit - that's life."
Listeners phoned in to offer support and advice to Mr Palmer.
He was offered Sunday lunch, afternoon trips out and a ukulele orchestra to play for him, but he kindly turned them all down.
"I didn't know such kindness existed," he told one caller.
Dyke said Mr Palmer had "touched the hearts of thousands of listeners" and it was his "nicest moment in 30 years of broadcasting".

Summary:


Train passengers in Scotland's central belt face six weeks of disruption from this weekend when work begins on the Winchburgh tunnel.

Article: With the help of popular local memes, the BBC explains why the PAP keeps winning - and why results may not remain predictable for much longer.
Like a blockbuster film, Singapore's elections are often a colourful spectacle with an all too predictable ending - much like the Chinese war film Red Cliff, parodied in this movie poster by designer PixelGod.
The PAP has long enjoyed widespread support and political legitimacy, especially among older Singaporeans who have seen the country swiftly develop into a first-world economy.
Pragmatic voters have been willing to trade in some freedoms in exchange for prosperity and stability. The country's massive jubilee celebration last month reminded Singaporeans how far the country has come - and may have helped to shore up voter goodwill for the PAP.
But younger Singaporeans have also been calling for greater government accountability, particularly with recent stumbles over immigration and infrastructure.
The PAP has tried to address these problems, but that has not quelled the demand for more opposition representation.
The PAP is synonymous with its charismatic and deeply respected leader Lee Kuan Yew, whose presence looms large over this election, the first to be held since his death in March.
He led the country as prime minister from independence in 1965 to 1990 and his personal popularity helped to ensure the party's non-stop electoral success.
His death in March triggered an outpouring of grief and tributes, which may contribute to greater PAP support this election.
Lee was also known for his merciless attitude towards opponents with defamation suits, which critics say created a culture of fear and stifled dissent.
This election is the first to see all constituencies contested, as more opposition candidates step forward into the political spotlight.
These include Chee Soon Juan, who was bankrupted by Lee's suits and is staging a comeback this election.
Singapore has a democratic system largely seen as clean and fraud-free. But there are aspects of the political...

Summary: Singaporeans head to the polls on Friday, and with the same party in power for 50 years, it's all but certain that the People's Action Party (PAP) will once again form the government.
###
Article: The closure of the tunnel near Linlithgow in West Lothian will mean rail services between Edinburgh and Glasgow will be severely hit.
The work is part of a Â£750m upgrade to enable faster, bigger and greener electric trains to run on the line.
The disruption will last from 13 June to 27 July.
Engineers said the tunnel closure was necessary so tracks could be lowered to create space for overhead power lines for the new trains, which will be introduced at the end of next year.
The upgrade is the latest phase of the Scottish government's Edinburgh Glasgow Improvement Programme (EGIP).
Train operator ScotRail has a dedicated website to advise on the disruption, which will mainly hit travel between Glasgow - or Stirling/Dunblane - and Edinburgh but it will also have a knock-on effect in areas such as the Fife Circle.
Many passengers will have longer journeys or bus replacements. ScotRail advised passengers to add at least 30 minutes to their planned journey times.
The closure will mean passengers looking to travel end-to-end from Glasgow to Edinburgh will no longer be able to take a train from Queen Street high level platforms, as the trains will only go as far as Linlithgow.
Instead, they will have to switch to the slower Queen Street low level trains or travel on the longer route from Glasgow Central Station.
ScotRail said the main routes affected would be:
In addition, the following services will be busier than normal in both directions:
How will you be affected by the work?
Rodger Querns, programme director of EGIP for Network Rail, said the tunnel work over the next six weeks would see the track removed and the floor of the tunnel lowered to create headroom to install new electrification equipment.
He said: "We can't avoid the work in Winchburgh tunnel. We do appreciate the inconvenience this will cause passengers. We have planned the work meticulously and are working hard to minimise that disruption.
"We are working round-the-clock. We have engineers on the site 24/7 to get the railway back running as...

Summary:


The Supreme Court has ruled that the president can't detain a US citizen indefinitely without a warrant.
The ruling was made by a three-judge panel of the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia.
The panel said the president can't detain a US citizen indefinitely without a warrant if the person is a

One of the longest-held detainees at the US facility at Guantanamo Bay, a Kuwaiti man, has been sent home, officials say.

Article: National Assembly speaker Henry Ramos Allup said there was no quorum. He has scheduled a new session for Wednesday.
The Supreme Court has said all actions of the assembly are void until three banned members are removed from office.
The three members had been suspended for alleged electoral irregularities during the 6 December polls.
But the majority in the National Assembly defied the ruling and swore them in last week.
Government legislators say the lack of quorum shows that the opposition to President Nicolas Maduro is divided.
"The opposition bloc is made up of many factions and they are facing a dilemma," said Socialist Party MP and Venezuela's First Lady Cilia Flores.
"Some of them want to abide by the ruling, others have different views," she told Telesur television.
Mr Ramos Allup said the session had been suspended "because both government and opposition legislators failed to turn up".
The Supreme Court said its ruling applied to all acts that have been taken or will be taken by the current assembly.
The opposition bloc had vowed to continue meeting and working at the assembly as usual.
An amnesty law for imprisoned opposition politicians and activists was due to be tabled by the National Assembly leadership on Tuesday.
Four lawmakers were barred by the Supreme Court - three from the opposition and one allied with the government - after the Socialist Party alleged irregularities during last month's vote for a new congress.
The opposition claimed the the ruling was designed to strip it of crucial two-third majority which gives it extra powers such as removing judges from the top court.
Without the four legislators, the opposition has 109 seats and the government, 54. With the four banned legislators, the opposition gets the 112 seats it needs to get the so-called "super-majority".
The four politicians are all from the rural and sparsely populated south-western state of Amazonas.
"The logical, sane and democratic step is for the National Assembly's leadership to revoke the swearing-in of these...

Summary: Venezuela's opposition-held National Assembly has failed to meet for the first session since a controversial Supreme Court ruling on Monday.
###
Article: Fawzi al-Odah, 37, was released after a US review panel concluded he was not a "continuing significant threat".
He had been at the US facility in Cuba since 2002 after his arrest in Pakistan on suspicion of links to al-Qaeda and the Taliban - a charge he denies.
He had challenged America's right to detain him in the US Supreme Court.
Mr Odah boarded a Kuwaiti government plane on Wednesday morning US time.
"There's no bitterness, there's no anger," his lawyer Eric Lewis was quoted as saying by the Associated Press news agency.
"There's just excitement and joy that he will be going home."
The release came after Guantanamo's Periodic Review Board in July determined "that continued law of war detention of (Mr Odah) does not remain necessary to protect against a continuing significant threat to the security of the United States".
But he now faces at least a year at a militant rehabilitation centre in Kuwait, according to the terms of the release.
The Kuwaiti government had pushed hard for the release of all Kuwaiti detainees at Guantanamo.
Mr Odah had argued that he travelled to Afghanistan and Pakistan to teach the Koran and provide humanitarian aid.
He is the first inmate to be freed since May, when five Taliban detainees were exchanged for US Sgt Bowe Bergdahl, who had been kept by the insurgents in Afghanistan.
Mr Odah's release brings down the total number of inmates at the US naval base to 148.
The US opened the facility in January 2002, following the 11 September 2001 attacks in America.
President Barack Obama has repeatedly promised to shut it down.

Summary:


Social media users have reacted with amused bewilderment after an official said it was illegal for a man to stare at a woman for more than 14 seconds.

Article: It has been named in the National Infrastructure Plan published ahead of the chancellor's Autumn Statement.
Energy Secretary Ed Davey said it showed the UK government was "serious" about the potential for tidal power.
The go-ahead could be given before the general election in May.
"Tidal energy is a huge opportunity for Britain," said Mr Davey.
"Tidal lagoons alone could provide up to 8% of our power needs, replacing foreign fossil fuels with clean, reliable home-grown electricity.
"That's why we're showing investors and developers that we're serious about tidal lagoon potential and have started in-depth discussions for what could become the world's first tidal lagoon."
Welsh Secretary Stephen Crabb welcomed progress on the scheme, saying it could give a "massive boost" to the Welsh economy, creating thousands of jobs.
"Wales is already home to some of the most cutting edge companies in the world and the country is uniquely placed to pioneer tidal power," he said.
"I am a strong supporter of this project and I have long been making the case to my Cabinet colleagues that Welsh innovation should be supporting the next generation of low-carbon technology."
HOW THE LAGOON WOULD WORK:
Source: Tidal Lagoon Power Ltd
Six months of public consultation closes on Tuesday with the Planning Inspectorate due to report its recommendations in three months' time.
It will also depend on ministers agreeing a guaranteed price for the power generated by the lagoon.
TLP has said the turbines could power 155,000 homes and offer coastal flood protection for the Swansea Bay area.
Construction would create or support 1,900 jobs with 180 people employed once the lagoon is operational.
However, some organisations have expressed concern for its impact on wildlife but TLP chief executive Mark Shorrock said the project will work with the "rhythm of nature".
He said the project has attracted interest from India and France and could be worth billions to the Welsh economy if a supply chain for parts could be created for other projects.
"This...

Summary: A £1bn plan to build the world's first power-generating tidal lagoon in Swansea Bay has been given a boost as the UK government revealed further discussions with the developers.
###
Article: No such law exists, but Rishiraj Singh, the excise commissioner in the southern Indian state of Kerala, said such a stare could get a man jailed.
People online asked what might happen if a man blinked, and some quipped that sales of sunglasses would go up.
But some users said Mr Singh had raised a valid point about women's safety.
"A case can be filed against men who stare at women for more than 14 seconds," Mr Singh said in Kochi on Saturday.
The video of his statement has gone viral in the state, sparking humorous reactions and memes.
Some social media users have used dialogues from popular films in Malayalam, the language spoken in the state, to create memes.
Most users have posted memes on popular comedy Facebook pages like Troll Malayalam and ICU.
This meme implies that a teacher must shut his eyes every 13 seconds to avoid arrest.
"Just informed a girl that I didn't like her after meeting her for marriage. She threatened to file a case for staring at her for 14 seconds."
"Bro, what is your crime, stabbing or theft?". "Just went to see a girl for marriage, got convicted for looking at her for 14 seconds."
This meme shows how to time your gaze.
This meme, titled "poor lover", shows how you should interact with your girlfriend to avoid arrest.
Some social media users, however, have supported Mr Singh for raising an important issue of women's safety.
Reporting by BBC Monitoring's Zainul Abid

Summary:


An international team of architects and scientists have observed "thermal anomalies" in the pyramids of Giza, Egyptian antiquities officials say.

Article: The event on Royal Deeside is seen as the biggest in the Highland Games calendar, and is always on the first Saturday in September.
This year it is helping to raise funds for residents affected when the River Dee burst its banks in December.
It happened as Storm Frank battered Scotland.
Jim Wood, Secretary of Braemar Royal Highland Society, said the Gathering was a "great spectacle" that was "known the world over".
It was his first year in the role, and he said bringing together the infrastructure for one day of the year was a "daunting task".
He said the money raised would go to help residents in the village of Ballater.
"Storm Frank devastated the village of Ballater," he said.
"If you had seen the arena on New Year's morning, it was more like a curling pond than it was like you see it today.
"A huge amount of work from our groundsmen has gone in to making it look like that."
Queen Victoria first attended Braemar in 1848 and since then it has been regularly visited by the reigning monarch and other members of the royal family.
The Queen first attended the Braemar event as a seven-year-old child in 1933.
She has attended virtually every year since coming to the throne in 1952.
Last year's event marked the 200th anniversary of the society which runs it.

Summary: The Queen and other members of the royal family have joined thousands of spectators at the annual Braemar Gathering.
###
Article: Thermal cameras detected higher temperatures in three adjacent stones at the bottom of the Great Pyramid.
Officials said possible causes included the existence of empty areas inside the pyramid, internal air currents, or the use of different building materials.
It comes as experts search for hidden chambers within the pyramids.
The tombs of the pharaohs Khufu (Kheops), Khafre (Khephren) and Menkaure (Mycerinus) were built in the Fourth Dynasty, about 2613-2494BC.
A team of architects and scientists from Egypt, France, Canada and Japan used infrared thermography to survey the pyramids during sunrise, as the sun heats the limestone structures from the outside, as well as at sunset when they cool down.
In a statement, the Egyptian antiquities ministry said the experts had "concluded the existence of several thermal anomalies that were observed on all monuments during the heating-up or the cooling-down phases".
"To explain such anomalies, a lot of hypotheses and possibilities could be drawn up: presence of voids behind the surface, internal air currents," it added.
An "particularly impressive" anomaly was found at ground level on the eastern side of the Great Pyramid, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu, the statement said.
"The first row of the pyramid's stones are all uniform, then we come here and find that there's a difference in the formation," Antiquities Minister Mamdouh al-Damati said as he showed reporters the three stones showing higher temperatures.
Other thermal anomalies were detected in the upper half of the Great Pyramid.
The structure will be the subject of further investigation during the Operation Scan Pyramids project, which began on 25 October and is expected to last until the end of 2016.

Summary:


At a small laboratory in a Bangkok suburb, a group of scientists has come up with what they hope is the answer to an old conundrum: how to tell if a Thai dish is authentic or not.

Article: Leading the way is celebrated classical musician and Ramon Magsaysay award winner TM Krishna.
The Carnatic music vocalist has critiqued the south Indian classical music industry for being under the dominant preserve of the upper-caste Brahmin community. He wants to create more inclusive egalitarian spaces where the arts of all communities come together in the city.
To that effect Krishna has been seen across Chennai, on various platforms, taking his music outside the hallowed portals of the city's prestigious sabhas or music halls, setting a personal example.
Krishna took his music, spoken of in sacred terms by most performers, to a fishing village on the shores of the Bay of Bengal in Chennai.
Open to the sky and sea, the entire village served as a concert hall for the alternate festival, the Urur-Olcott Kuppam Vizha that "celebrates oneness" this month.
Krishna has joined hands with Nityanand Jayaraman, a prominent social activist, to make the village a venue for holding open-air concerts with the aim of "bringing down barriers, equalising spaces and de-classing the arts".
"Krishna is using art to heal differences and break stereotypes and liberate the art to new spaces," says Mr Jayaraman.
The festival included a coming together of different forms of music and art alongside Carnatic music.
The music of the marginalised - devotional music by a community of transgender people and dirges of Chennai's slums, for example - are being taken to "a concert space for the first time," says Krishna.
He has even hosted "concerts in spaces symbolic of day-to-day life",  such as in crowded public buses and and railway platforms across Chennai.
Krishna believes that this effort is an important step "in addressing many cultural and artistic hegemonies and hierarchies".
Krishna is an unusual Indian maestro who has taken the traditionally upper-caste classical music to the lower-castes and disprivileged.
He has travelled to war-ravaged Jaffna in Sri Lanka to perform and engage with Tamil students.
And back home, he has...

Summary: India's southern Indian city of Chennai (Madras) is witnessing a musical revolution of sorts.
###
Article: It carries the simple name e-Delicious, and it takes the form of a box about the size of a large printer, containing sensors, and some computer circuitry, which act as an electronic tongue and nose.
It was developed by Thailand's National Innovation Agency, at a total cost of $1m (£640,000), after former Prime Minister Yingluck Shinwatra complained about the poor versions of Thai food she was subjected to during her overseas trips.
A Thai Delicious committee was formed - a bit like the French Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée for food and wine - and around 200 people were invited to sample different versions of classic Thai dishes like tom yum gung (sour prawn soup) and kaeng khiao wan (green curry).
Whichever version was the consensus winner was taken as the standard, although the designers acknowledge that as the sampling was done in Bangkok, inevitably their standards for now are Bangkok versions.
The e-Delicious machine has nine sensors in it to measure the balance of six Thai flavours - sweet, sour, bitter, salty, savoury and spicy - and the food's aroma.
There is also a sensor to assess the dish's visual presentation, which is always very important in Thai cooking.
But can it actually tell you if the dish is any good?
"The machine can't tell you if something is delicious or not," says Nakah Thawichawatt, an entrepreneur who carries the grand title of Innovation Ambassador.
"The sensors give a taste-reading that we can understand. So if we like a certain taste, but can't explain what that taste is to someone else, the machine will able to decipher it, and record the data as a standard for other dishes."
We decided to give the e-Delicious a test. We had seen it sample low-cost versions of the recipes in its database - only three for now, but soon to reach 10 - and found them all wanting.
But how would it cope with the tom yum gung that is judged by many in Bangkok to be the finest in the city?
You won't find it in a ritzy restaurant in Bangkok's upmarket neighbourhoods, where Italian or Japanese cuisine is...

Summary:


Academics have called for a ban on smacking after finding "compelling" evidence that it creates a "vicious circle" of conflict and violence that carries on into adulthood.

Article: Reece Burton, 25, was attending the North London Clinic in Edmonton, Enfield on permitted ground leave when he absconded on 20 November.
He had earlier been convicted of grievous bodily harm with intent and the Met Police issued warnings he was dangerous.
Burton was found in the Chelmsford area on Friday, Met Police said.
"Burton has now been returned to custody where he will no longer pose a threat to the public or himself," Det Supt Simon Warwick of the Met Police said.

Summary: A "dangerous" psychiatric patient who absconded from a London clinic has been found after a police manhunt.
###
Article: The researchers, commissioned by Scots charities, examined 74 studies done across the world in the past decade.
They concluded that smacking was associated with increased childhood aggression and antisocial behaviour.
There was also a "worrying risk" of escalation into physical abuse.
The report was commissioned by leading children's charities in Scotland, as well as the country's Children's Commissioner, and compiled by academics at University College London.
It found that in many countries, including the UK, the use of physical punishment was declining - although the decline had been quicker in many of the 47 countries that have already outlawed smacking.
It also found that public attitudes had shifted, with the use of physical punishment becoming less and less acceptable and a high proportion of parents doubting its usefulness.
But it said physical punishment was still common in Scotland and the UK, despite its negative effects being known and the fact that it "constitutes a clear violation of children's human rights".
Among the key findings of the report were:
The report concluded: "The evidence for harmful effects of physical punishment is strong and consistent, and the declines in the use of physical punishment in countries where it is prohibited make a compelling case for the introduction of such legislation.
"The current laws across the UK allowing physical punishment of children in the home and in private foster care should be challenged from both a human rights and a child wellbeing perspective.
"The international human rights consensus on physical punishment is clear: repeated examinations of UK laws have stated in unequivocal terms the imperative of legal reform to protect all children against all forms of physical punishment in all settings."
Earlier this year, a United Nations report called on the UK to "put an end to corporal punishment in all settings" and encourage non-violent forms of discipline instead.
Parents in England and Wales are currently allowed to use "reasonable chastisement",...

Summary:


A feasibility study into a third River Thames bridge in the Reading area has been given council backing.

Article: Voting began at 07:00 BST and ended at 22:00.
Foyle was the first local constituency to declare a result, with 78.3% voting to Remain in the European Union out of a 57% turnout.
The outcome of the Northern Ireland poll will be announced at the Titanic centre in Belfast.
The ballot paper asked voters: "Should the United Kingdom remain a member of the European Union or leave the European Union?"
Electoral staff in Northern Ireland are spread across eight different count centres and have the task of counting the votes in more than 1,300 ballot boxes.
There were 619 polling stations across Northern Ireland and more than 1.25m people were registered to vote.
Declarations for parliamentary constituencies will be made throughout the night, with the final Northern Ireland and UK-wide result due by breakfast time on Friday.
The official declaration will be made at Manchester Town Hall.
There will be comprehensive coverage online, with live updates throughout polling day and overnight, as well as up-to-the minute results.
And from 06:00 BST on Friday, BBC News NI will have a live page dedicated to the outcome and reaction.
BBC One, the BBC News Channel and BBC Parliament are broadcasting a results show hosted by David Dimbleby alongside BBC experts and special guests.
Coverage continues throughout the night and Sophie Raworth, Andrew Neil and Victoria Derbyshire pick up the coverage on Friday morning.

Summary: The polls have closed in the EU referendum in Northern Ireland with counting under way.
###
Article: Four councils have pledged £250,000 for a detailed traffic modelling plan to look at traffic on both sides of the proposed bridge in detail.
The idea for a new bridge to ease congestion in Reading town centre has been circulating for about 40 years.
There are three main routes over the Thames in the area, two in Caversham, Reading and one in Sonning, Wokingham.
Wokingham and Reading Borough Councils, along with Oxfordshire County Council and South Oxfordshire District Council have all pledged money for the study.
A spokesman for South Oxfordshire District Council said: "We are mindful of the potential negative impact that a scheme such as and additional bridge could have on the road network within South Oxfordshire.
"However we are committed to working with neighbouring authorities to identify solutions which may ease the traffic problems."
Wokingham council leader Keith Baker, said other ideas to ease the traffic congestion including an expanded park-and-ride route were "tinkering at the edges - we need to do something big".
Mr Baker said: "We've had an extensive traffic model for our area but what we didn't have was going across the river into Oxfordshire.
"That hopefully will give us the definitive evidence to start mitigating against some of the issues that Oxfordshire County Council have."
The bridge and any road alterations would cost between £60m and £100m, which would require government funding.

Summary:


The US presidential hopeful Donald Trump says he was being sarcastic when he appeared to invite Russian hackers to find Hillary Clinton's missing emails.

The Norwegian convicted of the massacre of 77 people last year has said he is being held in "inhumane" conditions.

Article: He told Fox News that the Democratic Party was using the row over his remarks to deflect from bigger issues.
His remarks on Wednesday were regarding 30,000 emails Mrs Clinton did not hand over as part of an inquiry into a private email server.
Russia has accused the candidates of stirring up anti-Russian sentiment.
"Of course I'm being sarcastic," Mr Trump told Fox News.
His campaign has maintained pressure on Mrs Clinton over an FBI investigation into her use of a private email server while she was secretary of state.
During the investigation, Mrs Clinton did not hand over 30,000 emails as they contained private details.
On Wednesday, Mr Trump told a news conference: "Russia, if you're listening, I hope you're able to find the 30,000 emails that are missing. I think you'll be rewarded mightily by our press."
He later wrote on Twitter that if anyone had the emails, they should hand them over to the FBI.
Jake Sullivan, Mrs Clinton's senior policy adviser, reacted angrily to Mr Trump's remarks.
"This has gone from being a matter of curiosity, and a matter of politics, to being a national security issue," he said on Wednesday.
The row came as Russia was accused of hacking emails from the Democratic National Committee (DNC) for Mr Trump's benefit. Both Russia and Mr Trump denied the allegation.
Those emails were leaked to the Wikileaks organisation and published last Friday.
In his interview with Fox, Mr Trump said: "The real problem is what was said on those emails from the Democratic National Committee.
"What they said on those emails is a disgrace and they're just trying to deflect from that."
The emails showed DNC officials, who are supposed to remain neutral, had favoured Mrs Clinton and derided her Democratic rival Bernie Sanders.
President Barack Obama has refused to rule out Russian involvement in the leak, adding: "What we do know is that the Russians hack our systems. Not just government systems, but private systems."
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said the hacking allegations were a "vivid example of...

Summary: US presidential hopeful Donald Trump says he was being sarcastic when he appeared to invite Russian hackers to find Hillary Clinton's missing emails.
###
Article: Anders Behring Breivik complained in a letter to the prison service that his coffee is served cold, he does not have enough butter for his bread, and he is not allowed moisturiser.
Breivik is serving a minimum 21-year sentence for the bombings and shootings in Oslo and Utoeya island last July.
The Norwegian authorities have not commented on the letter.
However his lawyer has confirmed that the details of the 27-page document leaked to Norway's VG newspaper are authentic.
Breivik is being held in almost complete isolation - 23 hours a day, he says - at Ila prison outside Oslo.
His cell includes three sections, one to sleep, one for study and a third for exercise - each measuring 8 sq m (86 sq ft).
In the letter, he complains that the cell is poorly decorated and has no view.
"I highly doubt that there are worse detention facilities in Norway," he writes.
'Too cold'
Among his other complaints are:
Ila is an all-male institution which "houses some of the country's most dangerous men", its website says.
However it differs markedly from other maximum security jails in western Europe. The staff is a half-and-half mix of men and women and none are armed.
Breivik massacred 77 people, most of them teenagers at a youth camp run by Norway's governing Labour Party.
His 21-year sentence can be indefinitely extended for as long as he is considered a danger to society.

Summary:


The US Attorney General's appearance before the Senate Intelligence Committee on Tuesday is the biggest thing to hit Washington since, uh, last week.

Roger Moore has told how one of his first decisions before taking over the role of James Bond was not to use Sean Connery's famous phrase "shaken not stirred".

Article: OK, so the sequel to the James Comey hearing doesn't have the same build-up as the original, but that doesn't mean that there won't be fireworks - or that the proceedings can't cause new headaches for the Trump administration.
In a way, the attorney general's hearing is likely to be a mirror image of Mr Comey's, with Republicans lobbing friendly questions while Democrats sharpen their knives.
Here's a look at five pressing questions that Mr Sessions could face.
During his confirmation hearings in January, Mr Sessions answered this question with a negative - then had to plead a faulty memory when it was revealed that this was not, shall we say, an accurate account.
Then-Senator Sessions had indeed had two meetings with Mr Kislyak. He visited with the ambassador - who is considered by some to be the top Russian spymaster in the US - around the time of the Republican convention, and he later hosted him in his Senate office.
The subsequent disclosure of these meetings led directly to Mr Sessions' March announcement that he would recuse himself from the Justice Department's investigation into possible ties between the Trump campaign and the Russian government.
Now, according to reports, there may have been a third meeting between the two men, perhaps before or after then-candidate Trump gave a high-profile foreign policy speech at the Mayflower Hotel on 27 April, 2016.
This may have been the "facts" that Mr Comey was hinting at during last week's testimony when asked about Mr Sessions.
"He was very close to and inevitably going to recuse himself for a variety of reasons," the former FBI director said. "We also were aware of facts that I can't discuss in an open setting that would make his continued engagement in a Russia-related investigation problematic."
It was one of the more dramatic passages in Mr Comey's written statement last week - his revelation of a meeting in the White House on 14 February where Mr Trump told him he hoped he could let Flynn go.
"The President signalled the end of the briefing by...

Summary: US Attorney General Jeff Sessions' appearance before the Senate Intelligence Committee on Tuesday is the biggest thing to hit Washington since, uh, last week.
###
Article: In an interview for June's edition of Empire magazine, Moore recalled his early meetings with 007 film director Guy Hamilton.
Moore said that while he would be playing the same character they wanted to avoid "any deliberate" comparisons.
The interview, one of a series in Empire on Bond, came ahead of new Bond film Skyfall.
Starring Daniel Craig as 007 and directed by Oscar-winner Sam Mendes, the latest movie in the franchise will be released in October.
Scenes have been shot in London, Turkey and the White Corries in Glencoe.
The filming in the Highlands in February reportedly involved a car chase featuring Aston Martin DB5s - the same car driven by Connery in Goldfinger and Thunderball.
Talking about his early discussions with Hamilton about taking over from Scottish actor Connery, Moore said: "We talked about my approach to the character.
"The thing he wanted to avoid was any deliberate comparison to Sean, apart from the fact I was playing the same character.
"So I was never saying 'Martini, shaken not stirred'."
In her interview with Empire, producer Barbara Broccoli recalls how Connery exploded the traditional image of a movie's leading man.
Ian Fleming's books about the secret agent were adapted for film by Broccoli's father Cubby Broccoli and Harry Saltzman.
She said: "The typical British leading man used to be Trevor Howard or Leslie Howard - very polite and your classic gentleman.
"I think the real genius of Cubby and Harry was the fact that they didn't pay any attention to the typical class structure and they took someone who was a very real person and put him into this suit."
The magazine tells of "unsung hero" Yat Malmgren, a Swedish dance teacher to whom Connery turned to help hone his movement and gestures.
It also tells of Dr No scriptwriter Terence Young introducing Connery to his Savile Row tailors and then telling the actor to sleep in the suits.
Empire said the idea was to give the character the look of a man who had an eye for finery, but was more caught up in "life and death than ironing shirts".

Summary:


Two German men have been sentenced to three strokes of a cane and nine months in jail in Singapore for vandalism and trespassing.

Article: The software uses a 3D representation of every artery that is 1mm across or wider, scanned from a single person.
Its accuracy passed a first key test when physicists compared blood flow in the virtual aorta with the that of real fluid in a 3D-printed replica.
Flow patterns seen in the physical copy were a good match for the simulation.
This was the case even when the fluid passing through the plastic aorta - and the virtual blood passing through the simulated aorta - was moving in pulses, to mimic the way blood is pumped by the heart.
"We're getting extremely close results both in the steady flow and the pulsatile, which is very exciting," lead researcher Amanda Randles, from Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, told BBC News.
She presented the findings - including the comparison with a 3D-printed aorta - this week at the American Physical Society's March Meeting in Baltimore. The whole-body simulation itself was first unveiled at a computer science conference in November.
It is called "Harvey" - a tribute to the 17th-century physician William Harvey who first discovered that blood is pumped in a loop around the body. At the core of Harvey's computer code is a 3D framework, built up from full-body CT and MRI scans of a single patient.
"It's not a common practice," said Dr Randles of the full-body scan. "But if we have it, then we can extract the arterial network.
"We get a surface mesh representing the vessel geometry, then we decide what's a fluid node and what's a wall node, and then model fluid flow through there."
That modelling takes place on a supercomputer at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.
"It has 1.6 million processors, so it's one of the top 10 supercomputers," said Dr Randles, who worked in supercomputing at IBM before doing a physics PhD at Harvard, where she started work on Harvey.
"The first stage was simply a proof of concept: can we actually model at this scale?" Most other simulations, she explained, have focussed on smaller sections of the circulatory...

Summary: A new supercomputer simulation of blood moving around the entire human body compares extremely well with real-world flow measurements, researchers say.
###
Article: Andreas Von Knorre and Elton Hinz pleaded guilty to entering a train depot and spraying graffiti on a train.
Singapore has strict laws on vandalism, and has caned and jailed foreigners in the past for the offence.
These include a Swiss national in 2010 and US teenager Michael Fay whose 1994 caning sparked global controversy.
Von Knorre, 22, and Hinz, 21, had flown into Singapore from Australia in November last year and vandalised a train during their stay.
They left the country afterwards and were eventually arrested in Kuala Lumpur in neighbouring Malaysia.
Both men expressed remorse in court, and called their acts "a stupid mistake".
Caning in Singapore involves being struck with a wooden stick on the back of the thigh, which can leave permanent scars.
The maximum penalty for vandalism is a fine of S$2,000 (Â£958: $1,461) or up to three years in jail, in addition to three to eight strokes of the cane.
In 2010, Swiss software consultant Oliver Fricker was jailed and caned for spray-painting graffiti on a train in Singapore.
American Michael Fay made international headlines when he was sentenced in 1994 for damaging cars and public property. Despite an appeal from US President Bill Clinton, Singapore authorities went ahead with the caning but gave Fay a reduced number of strokes.

Summary:


A pair of Queen Victoria's cotton pants with a 45in (114cm) waistband are to be sold at auction in Wiltshire.

Article: Riders often race for multiple teams around Europe and Hemsley fears their movement could be limited in future.
"The reality is that at the moment, British speedway simply can't produce enough local British talent," he said.
"It will be a significant challenge to the sport. It's something I hope, one way or another, might get headed off."
Four members of the Elite League side's seven-member team are from EU countries, with Australian Aaron Summers their only rider from elsewhere.
"We've employed Australians, New Zealanders, Americans in the past so we've had to go through the process [of applying for the right to work in the UK] with various riders," Hemsley told BBC Radio Leicester.
"The thought of having to do that for the vast majority of the team fills me with horror. It is very time consuming, it's unwieldy and you feel like your own destiny is out of your control."
In football and other team sports, players with an EU passport are currently free to play in the UK, while those from outside must meet Home Office criteria.
"I hope the UK Border Agency will be used to a massive increase in workload because I am sure that's what they are going to get," Hemsley continued.
"One thing football doesn't do is that their footballers aren't playing for Inter Milan and Barcelona as well as Leicester City which our guys are."
Lions captain Nicolai Klindt currently rides for Scunthorpe Scorpions as well as Polish side Atlas Wroclaw, Swedish side Elit Vetlanda and Outrup of his native Denmark.
"I was a bit scared about it when I first heard about it because with the visas and the work permit, even though I'm only from Denmark, I'm going to get all that now," he said.
"What I've heard is that it's going to take at least two years before everything is sorted and in that case I could get a British passport because I've lived over here for that long.
"Personally it's not going to be a problem, but for other clubs just look at Swindon, they've got five Australians and they've got to sort out five visas and if that's the...

Summary: Britain's exit from the European Union could have a negative impact on speedway, according to Leicester Lions owner David Hemsley.
###
Article: The pants, embroidered with the royal VR monogram, are being sold on behalf of Yesterday's World museum in Sussex.
Auctioneer Richard Edmonds said: "We've been able to date the pants by measuring the waistband and they are from the last 10 years of her life."
The sale also includes nightdresses and stockings worn by Britain's longest-serving monarch and Princess Alice.
The royal intimate apparel - described as in "excellent condition" - is expected to fetch several thousand pounds when it goes under the hammer next week.
Mr Edmonds, from Chippenham Auction Rooms, said he used the "tried-and-tested method" of measuring the waistline to date the underwear to about 1891.
"Earlier in her life she was slimmer but her pants got bigger as she got older," he said.
"As there's such a good photographic record of Queen Victoria, it's possible to calculate her waist measurement over time, so we know roughly when she would have worn items of this size."
According to Mr Edmonds, the 125-year-old underwear was bought by Yesterday's World museum from a descendant of one of Queen Victoria's ladies-in-waiting.
"Items of Queen Victoria's clothing were often given to members of the royal household, particularly after her death in 1901," he said.
"And they're stamped with the royal crest which proves they're from the royal wardrobe."
Also included in the sale on 11 July are stockings and shoes worn by Queen Victoria's third child Princess Alice and replicas of the Crown Jewels.
In 2014, a pair of Queen Victoria's silk bloomers sold at auction in Kent for Â£6,200.

Summary:


The former president of the European Commission, Jean-Claude Juncker, has been accused of ordering fake invoices to cover overspend.
The scandal has been described as "a serious breach of trust" by the European Commission.
The European Commission has said it will investigate the allegations.
The scandal

A senior member of France's opposition UMP party has admitted there were "anomalies" in the accounts of Nicolas Sarkozy's 2012 presidential campaign.

Article: On the wall behind his counter, a sign announces that besides the real - Brazil's legal tender - he accepts the "bem", an alternative currency from a local community development bank, Banco Bem.
The bank was founded in 2005 by an association of seamstresses who decided to lend their profits to a group of furniture makers so that they too could start their own collective.
There are some 100 similar microfinance banks in Brazil, as well as many barter initiatives that also involve social currencies. The banks' aim is to promote the principles of a "solidarity-based economy" which, in their view, is fairer and more sustainable than the dominant capitalist model.
Their clients can pay with colourful bills called, for example, palm-trees (palmas), chestnuts (castanhas), sunflowers (girassois), and kisses (beijos).
Even Cidade de Deus, the Rio de Janeiro's favela made famous through Fernando Meirelles's film City of God, has its own money, the CDD.
Like Cidade de Deus, Sao Benedito used to be extremely violent and drug trafficking was rife. But like several Rio slums, it has now been heavily occupied by the police and local people say they feel much safer.
Sao Benedito residents also say life has improved in recent years thanks to the social policies of the governments of former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva and his successor, Dilma Rousseff - and thanks to local projects like Banco Bem.
"Through Banco Bem, they started to encourage me, to help me, to support me," Mr Rodrigues da Silva, a former bricklayer, said.
He has taken out two loans from the bank, the first one to build his shop and the second one to enlarge it.
"Trade has grown a lot recently. Many more people are coming to spend their money here and a lot of them are paying with bens," he added, with a big smile.
Banco Bem was inspired by Banco Palmas, Brazil's first community bank founded 15 years ago in the north-eastern city of Fortaleza.
"The goal of having a social currency is to encourage people to use that money within their community and...

Summary: Shopkeeper Heraldo Rodrigues da Silva, 55, owns a small store in Sao Benedito, one of the poorest neighbourhoods in Vitoria, the capital of the Brazilian state of Espirito Santo.
###
Article: Jerome Lavrilleux said the former president was not aware of the "slip".
It comes after a lawyer for an event organiser accused the UMP of ordering almost 11m euros ($15m; Â£9m) worth of fake invoices to cover overspends.
Reports say the scandal could damage the party and complicate any efforts by Mr Sarkozy to be re-elected.
Police searched the headquarters of the UMP in Paris on Monday afternoon.
"There have been anomalies," Mr Lavrilleux, a deputy director of Mr Sarkozy's 2012 presidential campaign, told France's BFM TV. with tears in his eyes.
"There was no wrongdoing, there was a terrible spiral, a train going at high speed and people who should have pulled the emergency alarm and didn't, and I was probably one of them," he said.
He said Mr Sarkozy, UMP Chairman Jean-Francois Cope and Batien Millot, the founder of the events company Bygmalion, were not aware of the actions taken.
It comes after Patrick Maisonneuve, the lawyer for Bygmalion, told the same television station that the centre-right UMP had ordered fake invoices to cover exploding campaign costs.
He said it was made clear to Bygmalion that if it did not comply, it would not be paid.
The UMP's chairman was already facing growing speculation that he will have to step down after the French newspaper Liberation reported this month that the party paid some 20m euros to a unit of Bygmalion, founded by two associates of Mr Cope, to organise campaign events.
Mr Cope told BMF TV earlier on Monday that he knew nothing of any wrongdoing.
He said he had put his trust in the people who were responsible for the party's accounts and did not think he had to look over their shoulders.
Mr Cope was already expected to face challenges for the leadership of the party after the UMP's poor result in the European Parliament elections. It came second to the far-right Front National.
Mr Sarkozy, who lost the presidency to Francois Hollande in 2012, is rumoured to be preparing to make a comeback in 2017.
He has not commented on the scandal over his 2012 campaign finances.

Summary:


"Go, go, Mubarak go" and "the people need to end this regime" shouted the angry crowds around al-Istiqamma mosque in Cairo's Giza Square, as they shook their fists at the lines of helmeted riot police after Friday prayers.

Article: Team Katusha's Eduard Vorganov tested positive for meldonium in an out-of-competition test last month.
Meldonium is used in Latvia and other eastern European countries to treat serious heart problems and aid the circulation of oxygen.
The 33-year-old joined the team in 2010 and was the Russian road race champion in 2012.
He finished 19th at the Tour de France in the same year.
Vorganov's Italian team-mate Luca Paolini failed a test for cocaine at last year's Tour and under UCI rules Katusha could now be banned from competition for 15-45 days.
Under the guidelines, if two riders and/or staff within a team commit a breach of the rules within a period of 12 months, the team shall be suspended from participation in any international event.
The team issued a statement regarding Vorganov in which it insisted: "This substance has never been used by the team in any form and was not provided to the rider by the team.
"Eduard Vorganov has been suspended from all team activities, effective immediately.
"In the event that Eduard Vorganov took this product on his own initiative we will conduct an investigation, as such conduct is in breach of the team's strict medical and anti-doping internal rules."

Summary: A leading cycling team could face a suspension after one of its riders failed a test for a banned substance.
###
Article: Within minutes, water cannon showered the demonstrators and there were loud thuds as tear gas canisters were fired.
People ran into the side streets of this poor neighbourhood, on the edge of the capital, with their eyes streaming.
"Let the world see what is happening in this country," yelled one elderly man. "We will never stop until this... government goes."
Ordinary Egyptians appear to be losing their fear of direct confrontation with the security forces. There have been bloody and drawn out clashes all over Cairo and in some of Egypt's main cities.
They have a long list of grievances and the demands are an explicit challenge to their rulers.
"We want a real democratic system. This regime of Hosni Mubarak has been in power for 30 years," declared Ahmed, a man in his 20s.
"I was unemployed for five years. I had to move to the United Arab Emirates. This is what I was dragged into. My son will not suffer what I have suffered. This ends here."
When you talk to people, they tell you economic reforms have not eased the poverty of Egypt's masses, education and social services are inadequate, and they complain of high levels of corruption and  political stagnation.
"We are so furious. We must have change, better chances to work, to buy a flat and have just the life's basics," said a bank clerk clutching an Egyptian flag.
"What happened in Tunisia has changed things a bit. It knocked some sense into people."
Opposition leader Mohamed ElBaradei - who joined worshippers in Giza - was swiftly moved inside the gates of the mosque as clashes began.
"One, two, ElBaradei where are you?" was the cry that then went up outside.
Some expressed disappointment that the Nobel Laureate - who set up the National Association for Change opposition coalition when he returned home to Egypt a year ago - had not taken a more prominent role in protests.
He has put up supportive messages on his Twitter account but was absent, in Vienna, for the first "Day of Rage" on Tuesday. He returned to Cairo on Thursday night.
"I support ElBaradei,...

Summary:


UK workers are three times more likely to go into work when ill than pull a sickie, a survey has suggested.

Article: The economy contracted by 1.9% in annual terms from July to September, well above a preliminary reading of 1.6%.
It also shrank 0.5% on a quarterly basis, compared with an initial estimate of 0.4%, data showed.
A big fall in business spending plunged the economy into a deeper recession.
The revised figures, which come just days before Japan's national elections, showed that business spending dipped by 0.4% from the previous quarter, instead of the 0.2% estimated in the preliminary reading.
The world's third largest economy unexpectedly fell into a technical recession after shrinking for the second consecutive quarter in July to September.
It had contracted 7.3% in the second quarter, which was the biggest fall since the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami.
An increase in the country's sales tax, which was first raised in April from 5% to 8%, had hit growth in the second quarter and still appeared to be having an impact on the economy.
The dire data had led Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to call a widely-anticipated snap election last month, to seek a mandate to delay an increase in the tax to 10%, scheduled for 2015.
The tax increase was legislated by the previous government in 2012 to curb Japan's huge public debt, which is the highest among developed nations.
Adding to the downbeat data, a Reuters poll on Monday showed that confidence among Japanese manufacturers fell in December and is expected to deteriorate further.
The Reuters Tankan sentiment index for manufacturers fell to 10 in December from 13 in November, with automakers taking a hit.
Manufacturers expect a further decline to 7 in March.

Summary: Japan's economy shrank more than initially estimated in the third quarter of 2014, according to revised gross domestic product (GDP) figures.
###
Article: Some 69% of those asked said they had worked when unwell, the report by Aviva UK Health claimed, with many fearing a mountain of work when they returned.
This compared with 23% of those surveyed admitting to having been absent when perfectly healthy.
The survey comes after official figures showed fewer days were lost to sickness last year than any year on record.
The TUC described UK workers as "mucus troopers" after the Office for National Statistics said that sickness absence totalled 137 million working days last year, the equivalent of 4.3 days per worker.
When records began in 1993, the equivalent of 7.2 days were lost.
Aviva's Working Lives report backs up this view of staff attending work when ill. The insurer's survey suggested that two-fifths of private sector employees were worried that their workload would pile up if they were off sick.
It also claimed that having staff in the workplace when they were ill was a false economy for businesses.
"Businesses need to ensure they create a working culture whereby people do not feel pressurised into coming to work when they are unwell, safe in the knowledge their absence can be effectively managed," said Dr Doug Wright, medical director at Aviva UK Health.
"Presenteeism, driven in part by an increased 'always-on' culture, poses a genuine threat to overall business performance through the adverse impact on productivity and morale in the workplace."

Summary:


Designs for a new development on the site of the old Cornwall Coliseum building at Carlyon Bay have been approved by Cornwall Council.

Article: Members of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (Rics) who work in estate agents said London and East Anglia would be most affected.
Surveyors expecting prices to drop outnumbered those expecting prices to rise by a majority of 10%.
Average house prices last fell on an annual basis in the Autumn of 2009.
However Rics said the fall was likely to be short-lived.
It cited the EU referendum, and a cooling of the market following stamp duty changes in April.
"What we are looking at is a short term drop caused by the uncertainty resulting from the forthcoming EU referendum, coupled by a slow-down following the rush to get into the market ahead of the tax change on the purchase of investment properties," said Simon Rubinsohn, Rics chief economist.
"Sadly, for the many young people looking to enter the property market, it is unlikely that we are seeing the emergence of a more affordable market."
The survey of 326 surveyors, representing 600 offices across the country, reported that prices are already falling in London.
A majority expected forthcoming price reductions in a further four areas:
However prices in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Midlands and the North are expected to rise.
The survey also suggests that the number of properties coming on to the market is at a record low.
Surveyors who saw fewer new instructions last month outnumbered those who saw more instructions by 30%.
That is the largest figure since the current survey began in 1999.
Find out where you can afford to live in the UK
Read more about the history of house prices in the UK, and advice on renting v. buying in this BBC guide

Summary: Chartered surveyors are predicting a short-term drop in UK house prices over the next three months - the first fall in more than six years.
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Article: Demolition of the existing buildings is still subject to a bat mitigation licence being granted by Natural England.
Commercial Estates Group (CEG) was granted permission in 2011 to redevelop in Carlyon Bay.
The Â£250m redevelopment project would include housing and leisure facilities.
The site, near St Austell, was previously home to the Cornwall Coliseum complex, which hosted acts such as Cliff Richard, Status Quo and The Who.
CEG development director John Kenny said the company was planning a "major development which will have major benefits", including providing more than 400 construction jobs and 500 jobs after completion.

Summary:


The UK government has announced plans to cut the number of people working in the public sector by half, with the aim of reducing the number of people working in the public sector by half by 2020.
The government said it would also cut the number of people working in the public sector by half by 2020.
The government

Councils should consider selling off their most expensive houses to build more cheap homes, the government says.

Article: The Chartered Management Institute (CMI) said the gender pay gap stood at 29.2% and was the worst gap in the UK.
It follows conclusions by the Institute of Fiscal Studies, which found the wage gap in the UK became even wider when new mothers returned to work.
From April 2017 companies with more than 250 staff will be required to publish any gender pay gap data.
The CMI study also showed that male managers were 40% more likely than female managers to be promoted into higher roles.
Analysis of salary data of more than 60,000 UK employees found that in the past year, 14% of men in management roles were promoted into higher positions compared to 10% of women.
In Scotland, the gender pay gap was 29.2%, representing a £10,862 difference between genders and was the worst regional gap in the UK.
Petra Wilton, director of strategy at the organisation, said progress to address the gender pay gap had stalled.
She told BBC Scotland's Good Morning Scotland programme that Scotland's strong manufacturing tradition combined with a "motherhood penalty" for women had resulted in less opportunity for promotion for female staff.
"That probably accounts for, in part, why Scotland is particularly suffering that 29% pay gap, compared with 23% nationally", she said.
"In Scotland there's much bigger industries in construction, financial services and some of those professional services where we do see those pay gaps bigger and also less women represented at the senior levels."
She said transparency would help highlight pay gaps at individual firms.
She added: "We're very much welcoming gender pay guidelines in reporting requirements from April next year because that will help shine a spotlight on all other sectors.
"Hopefully it will trickle through the economy and a lot of smaller organisations are looking at what best-practice looks like, otherwise they'll be missing out on talent and the female contribution in the workplace."
Earlier this year the UK government announced plans which will see 8,000 employers with more than 250 staff...

Summary: Men in Scotland are paid almost £11,000 a year more than women, according to new research.
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Article: Downing Street backed a report by think tank Policy Exchange which said selling high value homes when they become vacant would raise £4.5bn a year.
That would be enough to build 80,000 to 170,000 social homes, the report said.
Labour said new homes were urgently needed but "driving out hard-working families on low wages from whole neighbourhoods" was not the answer.
In its Ending Expensive Social Tenancies report, Policy Exchange argues the move could create the largest social house building programme since the 1970s - giving the economy a kickstart.
Neil O'Brien, the think tank's director, told the BBC that social housing would still exist in very expensive areas under its proposal, but there would just be "less of it".
"The truth is I don't believe anybody has the right to live in the most expensive parts of town.
"People do have a right to get housed, just not in the very most expensive areas," he said.
He also suggested that the overall number of people waiting for social housing, currently around 1.8 million, could be reduced by about 500,000 if the scheme was implemented.
The prime minister's official spokesman said: "This is something that councils can choose to do already.
"Councils should be looking for ways to use their social housing stock as efficiently as they can. The waiting list for social housing has increased a lot over passing years.
"They need to think about how they can use that social housing stock efficiently.
"If they can sell high-value housing to invest in more social housing and find more homes for more people, then that is certainly something they should look at."
But Labour said the coalition's "failed" polices were "making the housing crisis worse not better".
Shadow housing minister Jack Dromey said: "Councils and housing associations should make effective use of their housing stock but the government should not force them to arbitrarily sell off social homes, breaking up mixed communities and driving out hard-working families on low wages from whole neighbourhoods."
He said the...

Summary:


Rory McIlroy has been named the world's best player in the world rankings.

YouTube is to scrap "unskippable" 30-second advertisements on the video-streaming service, from 2018.

Article: McIlroy goes into 2017 with only Jason Day above him in the world rankings and with four major titles to his name.
Nicklaus believes the 27-year-old from Northern Ireland now has to decide whether he wants to try to become the sport's greatest player.
Speaking to BBC Sport, the 18-time major champion was also optimistic about golf's future but renewed his call for a cut in the distance the ball travels.
In recent years Nicklaus has developed a strong friendship with McIlroy, who often practises at the 76-year-old American's Bears Club in Jupiter, Florida.
"Rory is one of those young men who has got a tremendous amount of talent," Nicklaus said.
"He has won and played on his talent to this point. If he wishes to dominate and go forward then he's got to improve."
Nicklaus warned that standing still at the top of the game means only one thing - quickly being passed. And he believes the UK's leading player is now approaching the prime of his career.
"He has to work hard, he's got to focus on what he is trying to do and it is up to him. Certainly he has all the tools to be able to do it - it is just whether he has the desire and the willingness to give up some other things.
"And that's his call. I mean, whatever Rory does, he has established himself as one of the great players that has ever played the game.
"Whether he wants to be the greatest player to have played the game, that's his determination and it's his decision whether he wants to make that effort to try to do that."
The 2017 season is likely to be a pivotal year in McIlroy's life with his wedding to fiancee Erica Stoll rumoured to be scheduled for the weeks following April's Masters.
Nicklaus famously combined a successful family life, bringing up five children, with collecting a record number of majors and an astonishing 118 tournament victories worldwide.
"It's just management of time," Nicklaus said. "When you are young and single and just one dimensional you pretty much can do things at your leisure.
"Once you start getting married, having a family,...

Summary: Golf's most prolific major winner, Jack Nicklaus, says Rory McIlroy must improve if he is to dominate the sport.
###
Article: Google confirmed the plan to the BBC's Newsround programme, saying it wanted to focus on "formats that work well for both users and advertisers".
Long unskippable adverts are seen as a nuisance by many viewers, and Google has introduced shorter formats.
One media agency said the move reflected the difference between online video and linear television services.
"The 30-second ad is a legacy from TV times," said Will Smyth, head of media at the Agenda21 agency.
"It's a standard TV unit which has been put online, but it's not the most effective way to advertise.
"This will encourage advertisers to be more creative about the way they use the platform."
Many other websites, including the BBC's international offer, feature unskippable 30-second ads on video content.
"Demand from advertisers for video content is high, but there's a shortage of quality content," said Mr Smyth.
"It's good business for everyone to focus on 'skippables' - people aren't forced to sit through ads, and advertisers don't need to pay if their ad is skipped."

Summary:


The UK's biggest airline has added a flight from the UK's biggest airport to its network of more than 1,000 destinations.
The airline said it would be adding more flights to its network of more than 1,000 destinations in the coming weeks.
The airline said it would be adding more flights to its network

New scheduled flights have been introduced between Inverness and Amsterdam.

Article: Sainsbury has started a campaign to encourage use of blemished bananas, while Morrisons has a new "wonky" range that includes avocados for 39p.
Others, including Waitrose, Tesco and Asda, have also branched out into selling misshapen fresh items.
Shops have been criticised for being too fussy, causing farmers to throw away perfectly edible fruit and veg.
But if customers will only accept blemish-free produce, there's little point in a supermarket putting it on the shelf only to throw it away unsold later.
That's one reason why retailers are giving such goods clear labelling and other promotional pushes.
Sainsbury says it is trying to half the amount of food the average family throws away each year from its current Â£700.
This week it is turning its attention to the banana, with pop-up "banana rescue" stations in about 500 stores to encourage consumers to use fruit that is overripe or past its best.
The Government's food waste awareness service, Wrap, found that 1.4 million bananas are thrown out every day for having minor bruises or black marks on their skin, which it says add up to Â£80m in waste a day.
Sainsbury's suggestions include using them to make banana bread or muffins.
For those without the time to bake, Sainsbury reminds us that bananas can be blended into smoothies, and even chopped up to be added into fruit salads.
Paul Crewe, Sainsbury's head of sustainability and environment, said: "Sixty one per cent of Britons admit they never use otherwise discarded bananas in baking, so we want to inspire customers to use their fruit in different ways. There's no need to bin the bruised ones any more."
Tesco, which has a Perfectly Imperfect range, has a strategy that no food safe for human consumption will go to waste from its UK outlets by the end of 2017.

Summary: UK supermarkets are making more space for increasing amounts of less-than-perfect produce.
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Article: KLM has added a 06:00 weekday flight from the Highlands airport and an evening flight from Schiphol.
Highlands and Islands Airports Limited (Hial) said the flights would allow people to spend a full day in the Netherlands before returning home.
It is the latest addition from KLM since it started Inverness-Amsterdam flights last year.

Summary:


A traffic free path through a national park is to be widened and resurfaced over the winter.

Dartmoor Hill ponies should be bred for human consumption to ensure their survival on the moor, says a pony group.

Article: The High Peak Trail is a 17m (27km) route through the Peak District along a former railway line in Derbyshire.
Most of the path is wide enough for horses, cyclists and walkers to use at the same time, but a stretch from Newhaven Crossing is just 30in (75cm).
Thanks to a Â£42,000 grant from Natural England, the section will be widened and resurfaced over the winter.
The Peak District National Park Authority, which maintains the trail, provided a further Â£18,000 towards the project.

Summary: A traffic free path through a national park is to be widened and resurfaced to increase safety.
###
Article: Dartmoor Hill Pony Association (DHPA) said it had put forward the idea "reluctantly".
The group claims numbers have dropped from about 30,000 at the beginning of the century to just 1,500 in 2011.
The DHPA said if numbers continued to fall, the breed could lose its hardiness to survive on the moor.
It said demand had dropped for the ponies as pets because of the economic downturn.
The ponies were traditionally used for farming, postal deliveries and pulling carts.
Charlotte Faulkner, founder of the DHPA, said in a letter to South West Equine Protection (Swep): "It has taken years of considering reports and listening to the outcome of meetings to recognise and reluctantly accept that Dartmoor pony herders will only carry on keeping their herds if they have a sustainable market for them.
"We are in real danger of ponies disappearing from Dartmoor altogether."
Ms Faulkner said selling ponies for riding and driving would continue.
"The Dartmoor Hill Pony Association believes the meat trade should be (used) too," she said. "Strangely, having a meat trade should improve a pony's chances of finding a new home at sale."
Becky Treeby, of Swep, said: "Dartmoor hill ponies were there for a reason, for ecology purposes to keep grass on the moors down, and they have been there for thousands of years. People have never eaten them before. It is promoting over-breeding for profit."
You can see more on this story on Inside Out SW on BBC One, Monday 29 September, at 19:30 BST.
Correction 2 December 2014: This story has been amended to clarify that it refers to Dartmoor Hill ponies rather than Dartmoor ponies.

Summary:


A campaign group has been granted a hearing to examine the case for a judicial review of the decision to build student flats near a beauty spot.

Article: The university needs to ask the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales (HEFCW) for permission to apply for a loan to pay for work at Pantycelyn halls.
But a report said the university must attract more students before applying.
The university said work was continuing to ensure funding can be obtained.
Students climbed on to the roof of the halls last June to protest against the proposed closure, claiming the university did not value the Welsh language enough to keep it open.
A board was later set up to secure its future and Â£8m of improvements, including the refurbishment of 200 en-suite rooms, were suggested.
The university has said it planned to reopen the halls in September 2019, but the necessary funding needed to be secured before it could give a definitive commitment.
Now, a report to the university's council has been made public which confirms "HEFCW's agreement to procure such finance will only be forthcoming once the university has achieved the required sustained growth in student numbers".
It added the outcome of Brexit also threatened the future sustainability of the university.
The report continued that while the case for refurbishing Pantycelyn to provide Welsh-medium accommodation was "persuasive", the project must be considered in the context of others.
Other funding options suggested in the report include fundraising from individuals or trusts.
An Aberystwyth University spokeswoman would not comment on current recruitment figures, but said: "The university has stated clearly that Pantycelyn is one of its spending priorities.
"A team of Welsh-speaking architects has been appointed to work on the detailed plans for upgrading the building.
"In the meantime, work continues to ensure the required funding can be obtained, in line with the project timetable to reopen the building in September 2019.
"Loans are expected to be part of the funding of the university's priority capital projects. In common with all other universities in Wales, HEFCW's agreement will be required for any loan finance...

Summary: Funding for the refurbishment of a closed halls of residence for Welsh-speaking students at Aberystwyth University could face uncertainty.
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Article: The Â£21.5m Castle Mill development at Port Meadow, by the River Thames, has been widely criticised as ugly and spoiling the view of Oxford's skyline.
The Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) will put its case to a High Court judge on 23 October.
The five-storey university blocks provide 439 accommodation units.
The flats overlook a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
CPRE is seeking the judicial review on the basis of Oxford City Council not carrying out an environmental impact assessment.
The council has said the challenge was late as the housing had already been built, and it believed the group's claims were unfounded.
Helen Marshall, director of CPRE Oxfordshire, said the West Area Planning Committee "should under no circumstances be rushed into making further poor decisions".
"We are not yet convinced that the planning condition on contamination has been met," she added.
"And the mitigation proposals currently suggested by the university are woefully inadequate to counteract the devastating impact of the buildings on Port Meadow and Oxford's historic skyline.
"A few trees growing to approximately half the height of the buildings in 15 years' time will not meet the brief of 'hiding the buildings in summer and softening their impact in winter'
"Key issues such as the height of the buildings and light pollution still need to be addressed."
A University of Oxford spokesman said it had "thought carefully" about how best to mitigate the impact of the buildings.
"Some measures have already been put in place, and discussions with the city council and others are ongoing about what more we can do," he added.
"The University will be making representations at the interim hearing in October on the procedural issues raised by the challenge.
"In the meantime, we intend to finish and occupy the buildings by the start of the next academic year in October as planned."
The city council said last month it was carrying out an independent review into the case.
An online petition against...

Summary:


The Scottish Labour Party (SLP) has launched a campaign to become the new leader of Scottish Labour.

A council has been accused of a "major administrative cock-up" after failing to make an insurance claim for up to £1m.

Article: The Lothians MSP and former deputy leader of the party said she would "stand up to vested interests".
She is going up against Eastwood MSP Ken Macintosh, who launched his campaign on Friday.
Glasgow City Council leader Gordon Matheson and MSPs Alex Rowley and Richard Baker are standing as deputy.
Ms Dugdale said: "Now more than ever, Scotland needs a voice that will stand up to the vested interests.
"Scotland needs a strong opposition that asks tough questions, not a one-party state where every institution and every cause is linked to just one political party.
"That wouldn't be good for Scotland. People need a champion against the cosy consensus in Scottish politics."
Ms Dugdale also argued that there was a need to "think outside the box" when it came to reforming Scotland's state schools.
She also said she would end the charitable status of private schools, saying it was a "question of fairness".
She told BBC Scotland: "Twenty-four per cent of people here in Edinburgh go to private schools and I don't begrudge any parent that wants the best for their children.
"But the reality is that private schools get charitable status, they get tax relief because of that status, and at a time when state schools are really struggling for resources, when teachers are at their wit's end, I think this is fundamentally a question of fairness."
On state education, she said: "Education is everything. It can lift people out of poverty, help them live a healthy lifestyle and open up doors that would otherwise remain shut.
"If we are to compete with the big economies around the world in future then we need people finishing school with the skills they need to get on."
She added: "There can be no sacred cows in Scottish state education. The inequality is too ingrained, the problems too deep to tip-toe around vested interests. It's time to be bold and radical."
The leadership contest was sparked by the resignation of Jim Murphy after Labour lost all but one of its 41 seats in Scotland in May's general election.
In a change from...

Summary: Kezia Dugdale has launched her campaign to become the new leader of Scottish Labour with a pledge to "shake things up".
###
Article: Thanet District Council (TDC) was court ordered to lift a ban on live animal exports through the Port of Ramsgate.
It paid more than £5m in compensation to traders but has not submitted an insurance claim to retrieve any money.
Campaigners said taxpayers had been left to foot the bill as the council missed the deadline.
Ian Driver, a community campaigner and former councillor, said the figures had only just come to light after a Freedom of Information request.
Mr Driver, said: "So there you have it: a major administrative cock-up by TDC means that taxpayers have been forced to foot a £5.1 million bill some, if not all, of which would have been covered by insurance payments had the claim been submitted in time. But it wasn't."
TDC said the maximum payment under the policy was £1m.
A spokesman said: "The legal claims against the council have all been settled and accounted for in previous year's budgets."
TDC banned live animal exports in 2012 after the deaths of more than 40 sheep.
The decision was overturned by the High Court in 2014 after a long legal battle.
Mr Justice Birss said the council was liable to pay damages to three companies affected by the ban.
Two sheep drowned at Ramsgate in September 2012 and 44 had to be destroyed as they were sick and lame.
The animals were put down after the lorry carrying them was stopped at Ramsgate by animal health inspectors.
In a separate incident, a loading area floor also collapsed while sheep were taken off a lorry carrying 548 animals.
Six fell in the water, with four rescued by RSPCA officers while two animals drowned.
The live animal export trade resumed through Ramsgate in July 2015.

Summary: