Datasets:
GingerBled
/
MNLP_M3_mcqa_dataset

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
id
string
dataset
string
question
string
options
list
answer
string
explanation
string
openbookqa_687
openbookqa
A bird eating a lizard is an example of what type of relationship?
[ "symbiotic", "producer", "parasitic", "predatory" ]
D
medmcqa_9451
medmcqa
A pt. was treated with amitryptiline for depression developed urinary retention, constipation and blurring of vision, most likely cause is :
[ "Anticholinergic side effects", "Expressed symptoms of depression", "Superadded prostatic enlargement", "Any of the above" ]
A
Ans. is 'a' Anticholinergic side effects Tricyclic Antidepressants have prominent Anticholinergic side effects. Symptoms are -Dry mouthBad TasteBlurred vision (mydriasis)ConstipationUrinary retentionEpigastric distress
arc_easy_269
arc_easy
If a scientist wants the medical community to revise old information and use new research findings in the treatment of a disease, it would be best to present the information
[ "at a school science fair.", "in a newspaper article.", "at a physicians' conference.", "in a television commercial." ]
C
qasc_7208
qasc
What event has an effect on corrosion?
[ "global warming", "heating liquids", "Greenhouse gasses", "flow of electrons" ]
A
aquarat_31877
aquarat
Two unbiased coin are tossed .what is the probability of getting atmost one head?
[ "A)3/6", "B)2/3", "C)3/4", "D)1/4" ]
C
Here S={HH,HT,TH,TT} Let Ee=event of getting one head E={TT,HT,TH} P(E)=n(E)/n(S)=3/4 Option C
medmcqa_5187
medmcqa
In an adult, the hyoid bone is seen at which of the following level of the cervical veebrae?
[ "C2", "C3", "C4", "C5" ]
B
The hyoid bone is found at the level of third cervical veebrae in adults. It is situated above the thyroid cailage in the anterior wall of the hypopharynx in relation to the base of the tongue. It is made up of a body, bilateral greater cornua and bilateral lesser cornua. It is a sesamoid bone and is suspended in between the supra hyoid and infra hyoid musculature and is therefore responsible for the concavity between the chin and the anterior neck. The body is convex from side to side. At either end of the body on its upper surface is a small tubercle called lesser cornu. It is the point of attachment of medial end of middle constrictor muscle and stylohyoid ligament.
aquarat_36969
aquarat
Four of the following five parts numbered (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) in the following equation are exactly equal. Which of the parts is not equal to the other four? The number of that part is the answer.
[ "A)xy2 – x2y + 2x2y2", "B)xy2(1 – 2x) + x2y(2y – 1)", "C)xy2(1 + x) – x2y(1 – y)", "D)xy[y(1 + x) – x(1 – y)]" ]
B
The other parts are equal to xy2 – x2y + 2x2y2. Answer B
medmcqa_5843
medmcqa
One gray of radiation is equal to:
[ "1 rad", "10 rad", "100 rad", "1000 rad" ]
C
Ans. 100 rad
mmlu_aux_4454
mmlu_auxiliary
Have you ever walked outside thinking it was one temperature but quickly discovered it felt colder? That is because of the "wind chill" effect. Wind chill is how cold people and animals feel when they are outside, not the actual temperature on the thermometer . It is based on how quickly your body loses heat when it is exposed to wind and cold. When the wind is strong, your body quickly loses heat, making the temperature of your skin drop. When scientists first started calculating wind chill, they used research conducted in 1945 by explorers to Antarctica who measured how quickly water froze outside. But water freezes faster than exposed skin, so the wind chill index based on that data wasn't accurate. In 2001, the US government began to measure wind chill more precisely by testing how quickly people's skin froze. Twelve volunteers were placed in a chilled wind tunnel. Equipment was stuck to their faces to measure the heat flow from their cheeks, forehead, nose and chin while they walked three miles per hour on a treadmill . The experiment revealed how quickly exposed skin can be damaged, particularly unprotected areas like your fingers, toes, the tip of your nose and your ear lobes. In fact, 40 percent of your body heat can be lost through your head! Signs you might have frostbite are when the skin turns white or pale and you lose feeling in that area. The information collected from the volunteers helped scientists work out the math to compute wind chill. It involves wind speed and air temperature. If, for example, the temperature outside is zero degrees Fahrenheit and the wind is blowing at 15 miles per hour, the wind chill is calculated at 19 degrees below zero. At that wind chill temperature, exposed skin can freeze in 30 minutes. You can find a calculation table at www.nws.noaa.gov/om/windchill/index.shtml. Experts advise in cold weather that you wear loose-fitting, lightweight, warm clothing, worn on top of each other. Air caught between the clothes will keep you warm. The best cold-weather coats have head coverings made of woven material that keep out water. So next time the temperature drops and you want to play outside, listen to your parents when they tell you to wrap up warm! According to the text, wind chill _ .
[ "means how fast exposed skin freezes", "doesn't affect your head as much as other body parts", "changes according to the temperature on the thermometer", "changes from person to person depending on their health" ]
A
null
arc_easy_1632
arc_easy
When can producers make the most food?
[ "summer, because there is more sunlight", "summer, because there is more heat", "spring, because there is more rain", "spring, because there are more leaves" ]
A
aquarat_11153
aquarat
A child want to buy 5 new toys. If there are 15 toys that satisfy the child's criteria,in how many different ways can the child select the 5 new toys if the order of selection doesn't matter.
[ "A)210", "B)1365", "C)3003", "D)5005" ]
C
The number of ways of choosing 5 toys out of 15 are counted by = 15C5 ways = 3003 Answer: Option C
openbookqa_2064
openbookqa
Recycling products such as papers can help the environment to
[ "demolish", "heal", "fall apart", "be destroyed" ]
B
aquarat_30847
aquarat
1/2,16,4,15,3,56,_ ?
[ "A)28/3", "B)27/3", "C)26/3", "D)25/3" ]
A
take alternative no. 1/2, 4,3 16/4=4 15/5 = 3 56/6 =28/3 hence ans is 28/3 ANSWER:A
medmcqa_4122
medmcqa
Bismuth compounds are incorporated in root canal sealer materials because they are:
[ "Radio-opaque", "Germicidal", "Radiolucent", "Adhesive" ]
A
Root canal sealers should be radiopaque, so that it can be visualized in the radiograph. Radiopacity is provided by salts of heavy metals such as silver, barium and bismuth.
medmcqa_2971
medmcqa
The major initiating response for peristalsis is
[ "Hormonal", "Local stretching of gut", "Neural", "Gastric acid" ]
B
The major initiating response for peristalsis is local stretching of the gut. Peristalsis is a reflex that is initiated when the gut wall is stretched by the contents of the lumen. It occurs in all pas of the gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus to the rectum. The stretch initiates a circular contraction behind the stimulus and an area of relaxation in front of it. The wave of contraction then moves in an oral-to-caudal direction. This propels the contents of the lumen forward at rates that vary from 2 to 25 cm/s Ref: Ganong&;s Review of Medical Physiology 26th edition Pgno: 485
aquarat_267
aquarat
Consider a quarter of a circle of radius 20. Let r be the radius of the circle inscribed in this quarter of a circle. Find r.
[ "A)20*(sqr2 -1)", "B)8*(sqr3 -1)", "C)4*(sqr7 - 1)", "D)12* (sqr7 -1)" ]
A
I got 20/(sqr2 +1) and just forgot to multiply by (sqr2 -1). Answer A
qasc_1955
qasc
Introns are areas that
[ "it keeps an organism warm", "Plant reproduction", "the wearing away of rock", "do not code for protein" ]
D
arc_easy_1937
arc_easy
Which of these BEST describes the way a feather feels?
[ "Colorful", "Soft", "Low", "Bright" ]
B
aquarat_34556
aquarat
Anup start a bike at 6am. and rides it at 60kmph. Raghu started at 7pm with his car at 100kmph. When will Raghu overtake Anup?
[ "A)8:30am", "B)9:40am", "C)10:00am", "D)12:00pm" ]
A
Suppose bike is overtaken by car xhrs after 6am Distance covered by the bike in x hrs = distance covered by the car in x-1 hr 60x = 100(x-1) 40x = 100 x = 2.5 hrs Required time = 6+2.5 = 8:30am Answer is A
mmlu_aux_3598
mmlu_auxiliary
Bananas are one of the world' s most important food crops. They are also one of the most valuable exports. Bananas do not grow from seeds. Instead, they grow from existing plants. Bananas are threatened by disease because all the plants on a farm are copies of each other. They all share the same genetic weaknesses. For example, the Cavendish banana is most popular in North American and European markets. However,some kinds of fungus organisms easily infect the Cavendish. Black Sigatoka disease affects the leaves of Cavendish banana plants. The disease is controlled on large farms by putting chemicals on the plant' s leaves. Farmers put anti-fungal chemicals on their crops up to once a week. Another fungal disease is more serious. Panama disease attacks the roots of the banana plant. There is no chemical treatment for this disease. Infected plants must be destroyed. Panama disease has affected crops in Southeast Asia, Australia and South Africa. There is concern that it may spread to bananas grown in the Americas. This could threaten an important export product for Central and South America. The International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain supports research on bananas. The group has headquarters in France and other offices in the major banana-growing areas of the world. The group says that more research must be done to develop improved kinds of bananas. The group says that fungal diseases mainly affect only one kind of banana. In fact, there are five hundred different kinds of bananas. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has said that the Cavendish banana represents only 10% of world production. The U.N. agency says farmers should grow different kinds of bananas. This protects against diseases that affect only one kind. Experts warn that disease may cause the Cavendish banana to disappear. This happened earlier to another popular banana because of its genetic weakness against disease. Bananas are threatened by disease because _ .
[ "they grow from seeds", "they are one of the most valuable exports", "the only way to prevent it is to put chemicals on their leaves", "they have genetic weaknesses against disease" ]
D
null
qasc_5618
qasc
What is required for the ideal habitat for new stands of cottonwood?
[ "sunlight", "nutrients", "warmth", "Sediment" ]
D
medmcqa_7841
medmcqa
Hormone replacement therapy (H) is indicated in:
[ "women with breast cancer", "Osteoporosis", "women with uterine cancer", "previous history of thromboembolic episode" ]
B
H Indications symptomatic women who suffer from oestrogen defeciency(therapeutic) high risk cases for menopausal complications like cardiovascular disease,osteoporosis,stroke,alzheimers disease,colonic cancer(prophylactic) premature menopause,spontaneous or following surgery(tubectomy,hysterectomy) gonadal dysgenesis in adolescents(therapeutic0 women demanding H as prophylaxis. SHAW'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY,Pg no:70,16 th edition
aquarat_45176
aquarat
A straight pipe 1 meter in length was marked off in halves and also in thirds. If the pipe was then cut into separate pieces at each of these markings, which of the following gives all the different lengths of the pieces, in fractions of a meter?
[ "A) 1/6 and 1/3 only", "B) 1/4 and 1/3 only", "C) 1/6, 1/4, and 1/3", "D) 1/12, 1/6 and 1/4" ]
A
Generally fast way to solve such problem is writing the different marks in ascending/descending order with same denominator: Here 4th : 0/4, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 and 3rd : 0/3, 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 Generally fast way to solve such problem is writing the different marks in ascending/descending order with same denominator: Here 2th : 0/2, 1/2, 2/2 and 3rd : 0/3, 1/3, 2/3, 3/3 Now with understood common denominator 6 write the numbers : for 2th : 0,3,6 and for 3rd : 0,2,4,6 Now comine : 0,2,3,4,6 Now find the cut with denominator 6 (Substracrt adjacent terms : 1/3, 1/6, 1/6, 1/3 i.e. 1/3 and 1/6 after removing duplicates. answer : A
aquarat_18478
aquarat
The average of first 10 prime numbers is?
[ "A)12.9", "B)12.6", "C)12.3", "D)512.4" ]
A
Sum of 10 prime no. = 129 Average = 129/10 = 12.9 Answer: A
aquarat_37613
aquarat
Find out the wrong number in the series. 6, 12, 48, 106, 384, 768, 3072
[ "A)768", "B)384", "C)106", "D)488" ]
C
Each even term of the series is obtained by multiplying the previous term by 2. 2nd term = (1st term) x 2 = 6 x 2 = 12 4th term = (3rd term) x 2 = 48 x 2 = 96. 6th term = (5th term) x 2 = 384 x 2 =768. 4th term should be 96 instead of 106. ANSWER:C
medmcqa_984
medmcqa
5-year-old male brought to casualty by his mother because of episode of sudden vomiting. He has been behaving strangely according to mother. Laboratory findings showed microcytic hypochromic anemia with the above finding. The most probable poisoning is:
[ "Chronic arsenic poisoning", "Chronic lead poisoning", "Chronic mercury poisoning", "Chronic copper poisoning" ]
B
Ans. (B). Chronic lead poisoningThe above blood picture shows basophilic stippling of RBCs.Basophilic stippling (dots in the red blood cells) is due to the inhibition of 5 pyrimidine nucleotidase enzyme resulting in aggregation of ribosomes.Other findings in blood: Microcytic hypochromic anemia, anisocytosis, poikilocytosisBasophilic stippling is also seen in megaloblastic anemia.
aquarat_42581
aquarat
By selling 16 pencils for a rupee a man loses 28%. How many for a rupee should he sell in order to gain 28%?
[ "A)8", "B)9", "C)7", "D)6" ]
B
72% --- 16 128% --- ? 72/128 * 16 = 9 Answer: B
aquarat_40520
aquarat
If Rs.7500 are borrowed at C.I at the rate of 4% per annum, then after 4 years the amount to be paid is?
[ "A)3377", "B)2688", "C)2688", "D)8774" ]
D
A = 7500(26/25)^4 = 8774 Answer: D
mmlu_aux_3388
mmlu_auxiliary
Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn't much--a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed -the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out. Her name was Rosalind Franklin."She should have been up there," says historian Mary Bowden." If her photos hadn't been there, the others couldn't have come up with the structure." One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA's parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King's College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule . The rays produced patterns reflection the shape. But Wilkins and Franklin's relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project. What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, "Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place." As Franklin's competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that "Franklin was only two steps away from the solution." No, Franklin was the solution. "She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer," Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the "Dark Lady of DNA", Franklin is finally coming into the light. What is the writer's attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
[ "Disapproving.", "Respectful.", "Admiring.", "Doubtful." ]
A
null
medmcqa_5361
medmcqa
What is common between systemic and pulmonary circulation is
[ "Volume of the circulation per minute", "Peripheral vascular resistance", "Pulse Pressure", "Total Capacity" ]
A
qasc_7277
qasc
What can be used for looking around in the dark?
[ "a microscope", "a light bulb", "Electrical energy", "binoculars" ]
B
qasc_4724
qasc
How are flashlights powered?
[ "electrically", "burning", "Batteries", "Solar power" ]
C
aquarat_18786
aquarat
What is the smallest five digit number that is divisible by 15, 24, 36, and 54?
[ "A)10320", "B)10800", "C)10030", "D)10380" ]
B
15 = 3 * 5 24 = 2^3 * 3 36 = 2^2 * 3^2 54 = 2 * 3^3 LCM = 2^3 * 3^3 * 5 = 1080 The smallest five-digit number that is a multiple of 1080 is 10*1080 = 10,800 The answer is B.
aquarat_22080
aquarat
A company charges a fixed rental of Rs. 350 per month. It allows 200 calls free per month. Each call is charge at Rs. 1.4 when the number of calls exceed 200 per month and it charges Rs. 1.6 when the number of calls exceeds 400 per month and so on. A customer made 150 calls in February and 250 calls in march. By how much percent each call is cheaper in March than each call in February.
[ "A)28%", "B)25%", "C)18.5%", "D)16%" ]
A
Solution: Charge per call in February = 350/150 = 7/3 = 2.33 Charge per call in March = [350+(50*1.4)]/250 = 420/250 = 42/25 = 1.68 % Cheaper call rate in March = [(2.33-1.68)/2.33]*100 = 28%. Answer: Option A
mmlu_aux_2579
mmlu_auxiliary
Plants have family values, too; it seems, with new research suggesting they can recognize close relatives in order to work together. An ability to tell family from strangers is well known in animals, allowing them to cooperate and share resources, but plants may possess similar social skills, scientists believe. Susan Dudley and Amanda File of McMaster University in Ontario, Canada, report they have demonstrated for the first time that plants can recognize their kin. This suggests that plants, though lacking recognition and memory, are capable of complex social interactions. "Plants have this kind of hidden but complicated social life," Dudley said. The study found plants from the same species of beach-dwelling wildflower grew aggressively alongside unrelated neighbors but were less competitive when they shared soil with their families. Sea rocket, a North American species, showed stronger and healthier root growth when planted in pots with strangers than when raised with relatives from the same maternal family, the study found. This is an example of kin selection, a behavior common in animals in which closely related individuals take a group approach to succeeding in their environment, the researchers said. Kin selection also applies to competition, because if family members compete less with each other, the group will do better overall. "Everywhere you look, plants are growing right up next to other plants," Dudley said," Usually it's a case of each plant for itself. But sometimes those plants are related, and there are benefits to not wasting resources on being competitive, and there is not really a cost to not being competitive as long as your neighbor is also not being competitive." Learning and memory appear to be important for kin recognition in animals, but this isn't an option for plants, she noted. Some researchers speculate that plants communicate through their roots, identifying themselves using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plant's family. From the passage,we learn that _ .
[ "sea rocket is a South American species", "sea rocket grows aggressively alongside unrelated neighbors", "sea rocket grows aggressively alongside its siblings", "sea rocket is a kind of bush without flowers" ]
B
null
medmcqa_6538
medmcqa
HMP shunt occurs in all organs except ?
[ "Liver", "Adipose tissue", "RBC", "Brain" ]
D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., BrainHMP is an alternative route for the oxidation of glucose (beside glycolysis).It is also called as "pentose phosphate pathway", "Dickens - Horecker pathway", "Shunt pathway" or "phosphogluconate oxidative pathway".HMP shunt is required for provision of reduced NADPH and fiver-carbon sugars (Pentose phosphates) for nucleic acid synthesis.Normally, 90% of glucose is oxidized by glycolysis and 10% is oxidized by HMP shunt.However, in liver and RBCs HMP shunt accounts for oxidation of 30% glucose.HMP shunt occurs in the cytosol.It is highly active in liver, adipose tissue, adrenal coex, lens, cornea, lactating (but not the nonlactating) mammag gland, Gonads (testis, ovary) and erythrocytes.Activity of this pathway is minimal in muscle and brain, where almost all of the glucose is degraded by glycolysis.
mmlu_aux_5275
mmlu_auxiliary
Most humans expect to receive fair treatment. A recent study shows that monkeys may feel the same way. This is the first time scientists have seen this kind of behavior in animals. Scientists chose monkeys for the research because monkeys have close relationship with each other and they also have good teamwork. Sarah Brosnan, the leader of the research, put female monkeys in pairs. The researchers trained the monkeys to exchange a small rock with them. "That may sound simple, but not very many animals are willing to give things away." Says Brosnan. When a monkey exchanged a rock with the researcher within 60 seconds, she received a reward. Usually, the reward was a piece of cucumber. The partner of each monkey who made an exchange also received a reward. Sometimes the partner got the same reward (a piece of cucumber), but other times the partner received a better reward (a grape). The researchers were surprised at how the monkey _ to the unfair treatment. When a monkey saw her partner get better treatment, she was unhappy. The monkeys did not want to continue the test or eat the cucumbers they received. Some monkeys even threw their food at the researchers. Bronson's research suggests that monkeys do not like unfair treatment. However, as Brosnan explains, "We don't know how monkeys learn to dislike being treated unfairly. But that opens up a whole new research field." Scientists will continue their research. The monkeys in the research were trained to _ .
[ "ask their partners for help", "give away food to the researchers", "get a reward from their partners", "exchange a rock with the researchers" ]
D
null
aquarat_49494
aquarat
If money is invested at r percent interest, compounded annually, the amount of investment will double in approximately 70/r years. If Pat's parents invested $ 10000 in a long term bond that pays 8 percent interest, compounded annually, what will be the approximate total amount of investment 18 years later, when Pat is ready for college?
[ "A)$40000", "B)$15000", "C)$12000", "D)$10000" ]
A
Since investment doubles in 70/r years then for r=8 it'll double in 70/8=~9 years (we are not asked about the exact amount so such an approximation will do). Thus in 18 years investment will double twice and become ($10,000*2)*2=$40,000 (after 9 years investment will become $10,000*2=$20,000 and in another 9 years it'll become $20,000*2=$40,000). Answer: A.
medmcqa_5914
medmcqa
Which of the following properties make pyridostigmine different from neostigmine ?
[ "It is more potent", "It is longer acting", "It produces less muscarinic side effects", "It does not have any direct action on NM receptors" ]
B
Though less potent than Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine has longer duration of action (3 to 6 hrs) Duration of action of neostigmine is 0.5 to 2 hrs.
medmcqa_5667
medmcqa
The paradoxical response of GH release to TRH is seen in -
[ "Prolactinoma", "Acromegaly", "Malnutrition", "Pitutary adenoma" ]
B
TRH stimulates the secretion of prolactin as well as TSH, Normally it does not affect growth hormone secretion but in acromegaly TRH induced growth hormonal stimulation Occurs. Note: "In prolactinomas paradoxical response of TRH to prolactin occurs". In normal individuals, TRH stimulates prolactin release Where as in prolactinomas There is little or no rise in prolactin in response to TRH.
openbookqa_1380
openbookqa
A creature may reproduce during
[ "a stage of maturity", "a concert on stage", "a stage of denial", "a staging of hosts" ]
A
mmlu_aux_4579
mmlu_auxiliary
Bats are unusual animals. Even though they fly, they are not birds.Bats are the only mammals that fly. A mammal is an animal that has hair and feeds its babies with its own milk.Mother bats have babies each spring. Baby bats hang onto their mothers until they learn to fly by themselves. Bats can be many different colors. Most are brown, but some are black, orange or even green. Even though many people do not like bats,bats don't usually cause people trouble. Only vampire bats are very dangerous. Bats in the United States help people.Every year they eat millions of bad insects! Bats sleep all day because they cannot see well in the bright sunlight. They hang upside down in dark places. As soon as darkness begins to fall,bats wake up.They fly around easily and quickly at night. Some bats fly at night,while others fly only in the evening or the early morning. Bats make sounds that help them fly,since they cannot see well. People cannot hear these sounds. When bats make sounds, the sounds hit objects in front of them and go back at them. Most bats eat mosquitoes and moths ,but there are some bats that will catch fish swimming in water and eat them.Still other kinds of bats eat birds or mice.Bats that live in very hot areas eat only some parts of flowers. Bats that live in cold areas sometimes sleep all winter.That means they _ . Other bats that live in cold areas fly to warmer places for the winter. According to the passage,bats in the United States are _
[ "shy", "dangerous", "helpful", "endangered" ]
C
null
medmcqa_6265
medmcqa
Abductor of the larynx is:
[ "Crico-arytenoideus posterior", "Crico-arytenoideus lateralis", "Arytenoideus transversus", "Vocalis muscle" ]
A
Abduction (opening) of the vocal folds: The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles pull the muscular processes posteriorly, rotating the vocal processes laterally and thus widening the rims glottides. Adduction (closing) of the vocal folds : The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles pull the muscular processes anteriorly, rotating the arytenoids so their vocal processes swing medially. When this action is combined with that of the transverse arytenoid muscles, which pull the arytenoid cailages together, the gap between the vocal folds is decreased. Air pushed through the rima glottidis causes vibration of the vocal ligaments.
medmcqa_504
medmcqa
Clinical features of rheumatic fever are all except-
[ "Cardiomegaly", "Joint pains", "ST segment elevation", "Increased PR interval" ]
A
Ref: R Alagappan - Manual of Practical Medicine 4th Edition.pg no:146-147 Rheumatic Fever Acute, recurrent, inflammatory disease, mainly of children (aged 5-15 years), typically occurring 1-5 weeks after group A streptococcal infection. Pathophysiology 1. Cross reactivity of host antistreptococcal antibodies to cardiac antigens 2. Microbe initiated autoimmune reactivity. Jones Criteria for Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever Major Criteria Carditis Pancarditis, seen in 50-60% of patients, develops within the first 2 weeks of rheumatic fever. Pericarditis is evidenced by presence of a pericardial rub, myocarditis by tachycardia, soft S1, presence of S3 and CCF and endocarditis by the presence of Carey-Coombs' murmur (mitral diastolic murmur). Ahritis (60-75%) Flitting and fleeting type of polyahritis involving large joints with no residual deformity is seen in 60-75% of patients and occurs early in rheumatic fever. Jaccod's ahritis: Ulnar detion of 4th and 5th finger with flexion at metacarpophalangeal joints is the only residual deformity seen in rheumatic polyahritis. Subcutaneous Nodules Non-tender nodules are seen over bony prominences like elbows, shin, occiput, spine in 3-5% of patients and occur 3-6 weeks after onset of rheumatic fever. Patients who have subcutaneous nodules almost always have carditis. Erythema Marginatum (< 5% and evanescent) Macular lesions with an erythematous rim and central clearing in a bathing suit distribution are seen in < 5% of patients and occur early in rheumatic fever. Chorea (Sydenham's Chorea) (2-30%) A neurological disorder with rapid, involuntary and purposeless non-repetitive movements with a self limiting course of 2-6 weeks is more common in females and is a late manifestation of rheumatic fever. Minor Criteria Clinical 1. Fever 2. Ahralgia 3. Previous history of rheumatic fever or rheumatic hea disease. Laboratory 1. Acute phase reactants (leucocytosis, raised ESR, C-reactive protein) 2. Prolonged PR interval in ECG (> 0.2 sec). WHO Criteria Jones major and pa of the minor criteria except prior history of rheumatic fever/rheumatic hea disease and C-reactive protein. Essential Criteria Evidence for recent streptococcal infection as evidenced by: 1. Increase in ASO titre a. > 333 Todd units (in children) b. > 250 Todd units (in adults). 2. Positive throat culture for streptococcal infection. 3. Recent history of scarlet fever. Two major (or) one major and two minor criteria, in the presence of essential criteria, is required to diagnose Acute Rheumatic Fever. A Positive Rheumatic Fever history is usually elicited in only 50% of patient with Rheumatic Hea Disease. Valve Involvement in Rheumatic Hea Disease Mitral valve alone 50% Aoic valve alone 15-20% Mitral and Aoic valves together 35-40% Mitral, Aoic and Tricuspid valves 2-3% Pulmonary valve is viually never involved. In RHD, mitral valve is most commonly involved followed by involvement of the aoic valve as the pressure gradient across the mitral valve is the greatest, followed by that across the aoic valve. So, the mitral valve is more susceptible to develop pathological changes than the aoic valve.
medmcqa_3056
medmcqa
Disulphiram acts by competitive inhibition of which enzyme?
[ "Alcohol dehydrogenase", "Aldehyde dehydrogenase", "Alcohol carboxylase", "Aldyhyde carboxylase" ]
B
Ans. (b) Aldehyde dehydrogenaseRef KDT 6th ed. / 386EthanolAlcohol Dehydrogenase-------------------Acetaldehyde Aldehyde Dehydrogenase---------------------Acetate* Disulfiram is an anti-craving agent for alcoholics. It has been used as an aversion technique in alcoholics.* Disulfiram acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase. If a person still takes alcohol while on disulfiram treatment, alcohol is metabolized as usual, but acetaldehyde accumulates.* This accumulation of acetaldehyde gives some distressing symptoms like flushing, burning sensation, throbbing headache, perspiration, dizziness, vomiting, confusion and circulatory collapse.* Therefore, it is recommended only for those alcoholics who are motivated and sincerely desire to leave the habit.* Drugs causing Disulfiram like reaction:# Metronidazole# Chlorpropamide# Cefoperazone# Cefotetan# Trimethorprim* Other drugs that decrease craving for alcohol and smoking: (remembered as NATO)# NALTREXONE# ACAMPROSATE# TOPIRAMATE# ONDANSETRONAlso Know* Drug which inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase - FOMEPIZOLE* Antidote for methanol poisoning: FOMEPIZOLE > ETHANOL* Antidote for ethelene glycol poisoning: FOMEPIZOLE
medmcqa_5564
medmcqa
Which nerve is near to mandibular third molar (medial aspect) and is likely to be damaged while removing 3rd molar?
[ "Inferior alveolar nerve", "Buccal nerve", "Massetric nerve", "Lingual nerve" ]
D
mmlu_aux_4742
mmlu_auxiliary
Can you imagine living in the desert for a whole year, watching the activities of a group of busy ants? Deborah Gordon did exactly that. She finally found out that there were four main groups of workers in the ant team: cleaners, haulers , gatherers and security ants. Each group did their own job to finish the task of the whole team. Cleaner ants carried waste food from inside the nest to outside. Hauler ants walked on the top of the nest and cleared rubbish. Gatherer ants went out to find food for the whole team and security ants fought against anyone who wanted to hurt the members of the team. While she was watching the ants in the desert, Deborah found that the most interesting part was watching the ants dealing with difficulties, such as fighting against other insects that wanted to destroy their nest, or a big fire. At those moments, they would all stop what they were doing and go to help security ants to protect their home. What do we do when people around us meet difficulties? What have we done to turn our world into a better place? It's time to think. If there was a fire near their home, the groups of ants would _ .
[ "just do their own job", "run away at once", "help to fight against the fire", "go back into their nest" ]
C
null
qasc_853
qasc
What can be pushed together to form an earthquake?
[ "fibrils", "volcanos", "crust", "energy" ]
C
medmcqa_806
medmcqa
Mrs Shikha, 50-years-old woman is diagnosed with cervical cancer. Which lymph node group would be the first involved in metastatic spread of this disease beyond the cervix and uterus? NOT RELATED -anatomy
[ "Common iliac nodes", "Parametrial nodes", "External iliac node", "Paracervical or ureteral nodes" ]
D
.
qasc_4391
qasc
What are used for seeing by animals by sensing electromagnetic waves?
[ "fibers", "eyes", "squids", "energy" ]
B
openbookqa_65
openbookqa
It is easiest to get a clear photo of the moon by
[ "using a large magnifying glass", "using a telephoto lens", "using a telescopic lens", "looking through a microscope" ]
C
mmlu_aux_7593
mmlu_auxiliary
To discover how durable a certain mineral may be, one could
[ "crush it in a vise", "view the atomic weight of it", "attempt to leave a mark on it", "melt it down and pour" ]
C
null
aquarat_16619
aquarat
A bowl contains equal numbers of red, orange, green, blue, and yellow candies. Kaz eats all of the green candies and half of the orange ones. Next, he eats half of the remaining pieces of each color. Finally, he eats red and yellow candies in equal proportions until the total number of remaining candies of all colors equals 25% of the original number. What percent of the red candies remain?
[ "A)10%", "B)15%", "C)25%", "D)35%" ]
C
Let x be the original number of each color. Kaz eats all of the green candies and half of the orange ones. There are 0 green candies and 0.5x orange candies remaining. He eats half of the remaining pieces of each color. There are 0.25x orange candies, and 0.5x each of red, yellow, and blue candies. He eats red and yellow candies in equal proportions. orange+blue+red+yellow = 0.75x + red + yellow = 1.25x red + yellow = 0.5x red = 0.25x, since red = yellow. The answer is C.
aquarat_34746
aquarat
An aeroplane covers a certain distance at a speed of 120 kmph in 5 hours. To cover the same distance in 1 2/3 hours, it must travel at a speed of:
[ "A)520", "B)620", "C)820", "D)740" ]
A
Distance = (120 x 5) = 600 km. Speed = Distance/Time Speed = 600/(5/3) km/hr. [We can write 1 2/3 hours as 5/3 hours] Required speed = (600 x 3/5) km/hr = 360 km/hr Answer A) 360 Km/hr
openbookqa_745
openbookqa
Chemical reactions can be the cause of new formations of which?
[ "Temperatures", "Shapes", "Colors", "Substances" ]
D
aquarat_25912
aquarat
An article is sold at a certain price. By selling it at 2/3 of that price one loses 10%. Find the gain percent at original price?
[ "A)25%", "B)20%", "C)35%", "D)40%" ]
C
Let the original S.P. be $x Then, New S.P. = $ 2/3 x Loss = 10% C.P. = 100/90 * 2/3 x = 20x/27 C.P. = 20x/27 Gain = x - 20x/27 = 7x/27 Gain% = 7x/27 * 27/20x * 100 = 35% Answer is C
openbookqa_3137
openbookqa
An active oven will make the mercury in a thermometer go
[ "lower", "slower", "upwards", "brighter" ]
C
qasc_4189
qasc
Where do some plants store their water?
[ "loose soil", "In their stem", "peachleaf willow", "barrel-shaped" ]
B
pubmedqa_235
pubmedqa
Is oncoplastic surgery a contraindication for accelerated partial breast radiation using the interstitial multicatheter brachytherapy method?
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
C
aquarat_13869
aquarat
1397 x 1397 = ?
[ "A)1951609", "B)1951601", "C)1951602", "D)1951603" ]
A
1397 x 1397 = (1397)2 = (1400 - 3)2 = (1400)2 + (3)2 - (2 x 1400 x 3) = 1960000 + 9 - 8400 = 1960009 - 8400 = 1951609. Answer:A
aquarat_38329
aquarat
If a and n are integers, and a^3=360n, then n must be divisible by which of the following?
[ "A)2", "B)6", "C)25", "D)27" ]
C
a^3=360n = 2^3*3^2*5*n and a^3 is a perfect cube due to a being an integer hence 360n must have powers of each prime number as multiple of 3 hence 360n = 2^3*3^2*5*(3*5^2) for least value of n i.e. n must have 5^2 Answer: Option C
aquarat_36640
aquarat
A mixture of three edible oils is composed of olive oil, sunflower oil, and ground nut oil. How many ml of ground nut oil is required to make 5 liters of oil mixture containing twice as much olive oil as sunflower oil, and three times as much olive oil as groundnut oil?(1L=100ml)
[ "A)300ml", "B)1000ml", "C)500ml", "D)800ml" ]
C
1L=1000ml 5L=5000ml sunflower oil=2 olive oil olive oil=3 groundnut oil sunflower oil+olive oil+groundnut oil=5000 2 olive oil+olive oil+1/3 olive oil=5000 10 olive oil=5000 olive oil=500 ml Answer is C
medmcqa_2625
medmcqa
Ether was first used by:
[ "Preistly", "Moon", "Wells", "Simpson" ]
B
Moon
openbookqa_1480
openbookqa
A person who wants to avoid wasting a manufactured box will
[ "leave it at the dump", "use it for new purposes", "throw it in the trash", "burn it in a fire" ]
B
mmlu_aux_3465
mmlu_auxiliary
On the island of New Zealand, there is a grasshopper-like species of insect that is found nowhere else on earth. New Zealanders have given it the nickname weta, which is a native Maori word meaning "god of bad looks". It's easy to see why anyone would call this insect a bad-looking bug. Most people feel disgusted at the sight of these bulky ,slow-moving creatures. Wetas are natural creatures; they come out of their caves and holes only after dark. A gaint weta can grow to over three inches long and weigh as much as 1.5 ounces. Giant wetas can hop up to two feet at a time. Some of them live in trees, and others live in caves. They are very long-lived for insects, and some adult wetas can live as long as two years. Just like their cousins grasshoppers and crickets, wetas are able to "sing" by rubbing their leg parts together, or against their lower bodies. Most people probably don't feel sympathy for these endangered creatures, but they do need protecting. The slow and clumsy wetas have been around on the island since the times of the dinosaurs, and have evolved and survived in an environment where they had no enemies until rats came to the island with European immigrants. Since rats love to hunt and eat wetas, the rat population on the island has grown into a real problem for many of the native species that are unaccustomed to _ presence, and poses a serious threat to the native weta population. From which of the following is the passage LEAST likely to be taken?
[ "A science magazine.", "A travel guide.", "A business journal.", "biology textbook." ]
C
null
mmlu_aux_1989
mmlu_auxiliary
NASA on September 28, 2015 announced the strongest evidence yet for liquid water on the red planet, increasing the possibility that astronauts journeying to Mars could someday rely on the planet's own water for their drinking needs. You may feel like you've heard about the hunt for liquid water on Mars before--and the researchers involved know it may seem played out. But science has yet to truly prove that water flows on Mars once and for all, and doing so could completely change the way we view the planet. This new data is a big step in the right direction. "Liquid water is an attractive topic, and we like the thousandth time someone has discovered water on Mars," Lujendra Ojha, the Georgia Tech PhD candidate who led the research announced Monday, told The Post. But there's a good reason that liquid water is so "attractive": Mars is now the only planet in our solar system to show evidence of the stuff on its surface, other than _ . Other worlds have it in subsurface oceans, or scattered around as vapor in the atmosphere. But Mars is the only place where we have solid evidence for liquid that sits right there in the open air. While it would be a major leap to suggest that Mars might harbor life--even microbial life--liquid water at least makes it possible that parts of the planet are habitable. The study builds on research from April, when scientists using data from the Curiosity rover noted that the planet had the seasonal potential for liquid water. We know that because of the extremely low pressure on Mars, water has a boiling point of just a few degrees Celsius, after which it evaporates. The April study noted the presence of perchlorates --a kind of salt--which could make the boiling point of Mars' water much higher, theoretically allowing it to remain liquid. They affirmed that the planet's temperature would be right for liquid, perchlorate-filled water to form every day during winter and spring. The best title for the passage can be " _ ".
[ "Water on Mars could be used for dringking", "There might be some kinds of life on Mars", "NASA would send astronauts to journey to Mars", "NASA confirms the best-ever evidence for water on Mars" ]
D
null
mmlu_aux_1793
mmlu_auxiliary
Birds that are half-asleep -- with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping -- control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks. Earlier studies have recorded half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once. Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction. Also, birds napping at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in inner spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time. "We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain," the researchers say. The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep developed over time as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open. Useful as half-sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning. Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' half-brain sleep "is just the tip of the iceberg." He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species. By saying "just the tip of the iceberg", Siegel suggests that _ .
[ "half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather", "the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved", "most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers", "half-brain sleep may exist among other species" ]
D
null
pubmedqa_266
pubmedqa
Updating emotional content in working memory: a depression-specific deficit?
[ "yes", "no", "maybe" ]
A
medmcqa_8632
medmcqa
Which one of the following elements is NOT added in small amount to be used as grain refiners?
[ "Iridium", "Ruthinium", "Indium", "Platinum" ]
D
medmcqa_5967
medmcqa
A 75-year-old man with a history of myocardial infarction 2 years ago, peripheral vascular disease with symptoms of claudication after walking half a block, hypeension, and diabetes presents with a large ventral hernia. He wishes to have the hernia repaired. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in his preoperative workup?
[ "He should undergo an electrocardiogram (ECG).", "He should undergo an exercise stress test.", "He should undergo coronary aery bypass prior to operative repair of his ventral hernia", "He should undergo a persantine thallium stress test and echocardiography." ]
D
The patient should undergo persantine thallium stress testing followed by echocardiography to assess his need for coronary angiogram with possible need for angioplasty, stenting, or surgical revascularization prior to repair of his hernia. Although exercise stress testing is an appropriate method for evaluating a patient's cardiac function preoperatively, this patient's functional status is limited by his peripheral vascular disease and therefore a pharmacologic stress test would be the preferred method of cardiac evaluation. An ECG should be performed in this patient with a history of cardiovascular disease, hypeension, and diabetes, but a normal ECG would not preclude fuher workup. While myocardial infarction (MI) within 6 months of surgery is considered to increase a patient's risk for a cardiac complication after surgery using Goldman's criteria, a remote history of MI is not prohibitive for surgery in and of itself.
qasc_6497
qasc
What are multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls made of cellulose?
[ "rocks", "oaks", "Crops", "roots" ]
B
aquarat_49528
aquarat
By selling 15 pencils for a rupee a man loses 25%. How many for a rupee should he sell in order to gain 25%?
[ "A)8", "B)9", "C)7", "D)6" ]
B
75% --- 15 125% --- ? 75/125 * 15 = 9 Answer: B
medmcqa_5806
medmcqa
An 18-year-old male presented with acute onset a history of blurring of vision for the same duration on examination, the patient has quadriparesis with areflexia. Both the pupils are non-reactive.The most probable diagnosis is -
[ "Poliomyelitis", "Botulism", "Diphtheria", "Porphyria" ]
B
Ans. b. Botulism
medmcqa_3526
medmcqa
Mechanism of action of Tetanospasmin:-
[ "Inhibition of GABA release", "Inhibition cAMP", "Inactivation of Ach receptors", "Inhibition of cGMP" ]
A
Mechanism of action of Tetanospasmin is Inhibition of GABA release. C. tetani produces:- Tetanolysin:heat labile, oxygen labile hemolysin. It plays no role in the pathogenesis. Tetanospasmin or tetanus toxin (TT) : neurotoxin responsible for the pathogenesis of tetanus: - It is oxygen stable but heat labile; coded by plasmid. - Mechanism of action: Toxin acts pre-synaptically at the inhibitory neuron terminals and prevents release of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and glycine - leads to spastic muscle contraction. -Strychnine poisoning has a similar mechanism except that it acts post-synaptically. - BT (Botulinum Toxin) blocks the release of acetylcholine in neuromuscular junction, which leads to flaccid paralysis. Options 2, 3 4: Mechanism of Action of some impoant Bacterial Toxins: Heat Labile toxin of E.coli Increase cAMP Heat stable toxin of E.coli Increase cGMP Botulism toxin Inhibit release of acetylecholine from peripheral nerves Tetanus toxin Inhibit release of glycine and GABA at presynaptic terminals Diphtheria toxin Inhibit protein synthesis by inactivating EF 2
medmcqa_8265
medmcqa
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is characterized by -a) Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemiab) ↓ed LDHc) Thrombocytopeniad) Renal failuree) Positive Coomb's test
[ "abc", "ad", "acd", "bde" ]
C
Hemolytic uremic syndrome Hemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by the triad of : Anemia (microangiopathic hemolytic anemia). Renal failure (microangiopathy of kidney involving glomerular capillaries and arterioles). Thrombocytopenia (due to platelet consumption). Hemolytic uremic syndrome is most common is children under 2 years of age. It usually follows an episode of acute gastroenterities, often triggered by E coli. The prodrome is usually of abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting. Shortly thereafter, signs and symptoms of acute hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure ensue. Sometimes neurological findings also occur. (But usually absent and differentiate HUS from TTP.) Rarely HUS may follow respiratory tract infection. Etiology Gastrointestinal infection in infants with the following organism : E coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Streptococouus pneumoniae  Hematological findings in a case of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia : Presence of schistocytes (fragmented red cells). This is the hallmark of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Neutrophil leukocytosis. Thrombocytopenia. Hemoglobinuria is mild to moderate with hemosiderinuria. Blood urea and serum creatinine Elevated serum LDH
aquarat_38426
aquarat
At present, the ratio between the ages of Arun and Deepak is 4:3. After 2 years, Arun's age will be 26 years. What is the age of Deepak at present?
[ "A)16", "B)17", "C)10", "D)18" ]
D
Let the present ages of Arun and Deepak be 4x and 3x years respectively. Then, 4x + 2 = 26 => x = 8 Deepak's age = 3x = 18 years. Answer: D
openbookqa_1164
openbookqa
A pond of frogs once contained
[ "pollywogs", "sharks", "princes", "French people" ]
A
aquarat_34913
aquarat
A box contains eight apples out of which 4 are rotten. If four apples are chosen at random, find the probability that all the four apples are rotten?
[ "A)1/113", "B)1/90", "C)1/80", "D)1/70" ]
D
Out of nine apples , five are good and four are rotten. Required probability = 4C4/8C4 = 1/70 D
mmlu_aux_3122
mmlu_auxiliary
Next Stop: Planet Mars Fly me to the moon? That's not far enough. On September 14, 2011, NASA released designs for a superrocket, the Space Launch System (SLS). This time the final destination will be Mars. The SLS is a huge, liquid-fuelled rocket. If it is fully developed, it will be the most powerful rocket ever built. Its lift capability will be much bigger than that of the space shuttle of Saturn 5, the rocket that sent the Apollo missions to the moon. NASA is planning to launch its first unmanned test flight in 2017. It is hoped that the first crew will fly in 2021 and astronauts will make it to a nearby asteroid in 2025. NASA hopes to send the rocket and astronauts to Mars from the asteroid by the 2030s, according to the Associated Press (AP). NASA used liquid rockets to send Apollo, Gemini and Mercury into space, but later changed to solid rockets boosters because they were cheaper. Tragically, however, a booster flaw caused the space shuttle Challenger to crash in 1986. The new project plans to return to liquid fuel. According to AP, the rockets will at first be able to carry 77 to 110 tons of payload . Eventually they will be able to carry 143 tons into space, maybe even as many as 165 tons, NASA officials said. By comparison, the Saturn 5 booster could lift 130 tons and the space shuttle just 27 tons. However, unlike reusable shuttles, these powerful rockets are mostly one use only. New ones have to be built for every launch. This will be very costly. NASA estimates that it will cost about $3 billion (19 billion yuan) per year, or $18 billion until the first test flight in 2017. NASA hopes to make money by allowing private companies to send astronauts to the International Space Station like giant taxi services, so that the program can be "sustainable". "This is perhaps the biggest thing for space exploration in decades," said Senator Bill Nelson, a former astronaut. "The goal is to fly humans safely beyond low-Earth orbit and deep into outer space where we cannot only survive, but one day also live." What is Saturn 5?
[ "An aircraft that had a deadly flaw and crashed in 1986.", "A series of rockets that once sent astronauts to the moon.", "An unmanned space shuttle that was once famous in the world.", "A kind of launch vehicle that will be used to carry astronauts to Mars." ]
B
null
medmcqa_5563
medmcqa
All are true about pleomorphic adenoma except:-
[ "Malignant transformation risk is high", "Mixed tumor", "Benign tumor", "Encapsulated" ]
A
Risk of malignant transformation is low (3-5%) in pleomorphic adenoma. Malignant mixed tumors include cancers originating from pleomorphic adenomas, termed carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, and de novo malignant mixed tumors. The risk for malignant transformation of benign pleomorphic adenomas is 1.5% within the first 5 years, but risk increases to 9.5% when the benign tumor has been present for more than 15 years.
qasc_5202
qasc
Where does intense activity occur in a plant?
[ "Roots", "Buds", "bamboo", "fields" ]
A
aquarat_42649
aquarat
A and B can complete a work in 30days and 15day. They started doing the work together but after 5days B had to leave and A alone completed the remaining work. The whole work was completed in?
[ "A)10days", "B)12days", "C)20days", "D)18days" ]
C
A+B 1day work = 1/30 + 1/15 = 1/10 Work done by A and B in 10days = 1/10 * 5 = 1/2 Remaining work = 1-1/2 = 1/2 Now 1/30 work is done by A in 1day 1/2 work will be done by A in 30*1/2 = 15days Total time taken = 15+5 = 20days Answer is C
aquarat_5479
aquarat
If a person walks at 14 km/hr instead of 10 km/hr, he would have walked 20 km more. The actual distance traveled by him is?
[ "A)50", "B)20", "C)30", "D)25" ]
A
Let the actual distance traveled is 'x' km Then by given conditions, we have x/10 = (x+20)/14 14x = 10x + 200 x = 50 km Ans- A
aquarat_38724
aquarat
A car traveling with 5/7 of its actual speed covers 42 km in 1 hr 40 min 48 sec. What is the actual speed of the car?
[ "A)30km/hr", "B)35km/hr", "C)25km/hr", "D)40km/hr" ]
B
Explanation: time =1 hr 40 min 48 sec =1 hr +4060 hr +48/3600 hr =1+2/3+1/75=126/75hr distance =42 km speed=distance/time=42(126/75) =42×75/126=25 km/hr=25 km/hr ⇒57 of the actual speed =25 ⇒ Actual speed =25×7/5=35 km/hr ANSWER IS B
arc_challenge_863
arc_challenge
Which change resulted from the heating of the planets as they formed?
[ "Their masses increased.", "They lost most of their radioactive isotopes.", "Their structures differentiated into distinct layers.", "They started to revolve around the Sun." ]
C
medmcqa_664
medmcqa
Following are more common in multipara women than primipara woman, EXCEPT:
[ "Anemia", "Placenta pre", "PIH", "None of the above" ]
C
The incidence of preeclampsia in multiparas is variable but is less than that for primiparas. Risk factors associated with pre-eclampsia: Primigravida (young and elderly) Family history (Hypeension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia) Placental abnormalities Poor placentation Hyperplacentosis Placental ischemia Molar pregnancy Genetic disorder Immunologic phenomenon New paternity Pre-existing vascular or renal disease Thrombophilias Ref: Textbook of Obstetrics by DC Dutta, 6th edition, Page 222.
medmcqa_7985
medmcqa
Translocation (8;14) is characteristic of -
[ "Burkitt's lymphoma", "Ataxia telengieactasia", "ALL", "CML" ]
A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Burkitt's lymphoma Chromosomal translocations Associated Neoplasmo 8-14-Burkitt's lymphoma.Acute lymphocytic leukemia (FAB type L3) Immunoblastic B cell lymphomao 15-17-Promyelocytic leukemiao 4-11-Acute lymphocytic leukemiao 11-14-Chronic lymphocytic leukemiao 14-18-Follicular lymphomao 6-14-Cystadenocarcinoma of the ovaryo 3-8-Renal adenocarcinoma, mixed parotid tumor.
qasc_5876
qasc
The changes in species that have been seen over time required
[ "Energy", "exercise", "strong microscopes", "mutations" ]
D
medmcqa_578
medmcqa
Thickness of oxygen inhibition layer in composite curing is:
[ "1-50 micrometer", "15-150 micrometer", "50-500 micrometer", "1000-2000 micrometer" ]
C
When composite is light cured, oxygen in the air causes an interference in the polymerization resulting in the formation of an oxygen inhibition layer on the surface of the composite.The oxygen-inhibited layer is the sticky, resin-rich uncured layer that is left on the surface.Thickness is about 50-500 micrometer. Reference- Sturdevant 6th ed P:237
aquarat_26528
aquarat
The average height of 6 people is 67 inches. When Robert's height is included, the average increases by 2 inches. How tall is Robert in inches?
[ "A)81", "B)72", "C)69", "D)84" ]
A
Total height of 6 people = 6*67 = 402 Total height of 7 people = 7*69 = 483 Robert's height = 483-402 = 81 inches Answer is A
arc_easy_920
arc_easy
In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change?
[ "mixing spices for the sauce", "slicing pepperoni for the topping", "spreading cheese on the pizza", "baking the dough to form the crust" ]
D
openbookqa_998
openbookqa
If an electromagnet is active then a nail touching it will become what?
[ "frozen", "reactively charged", "cold", "magnetic personality" ]
B
aquarat_31809
aquarat
Five years ago, the average age of A, B, C and D was 45 yr. with E joining them now, the average of all the five is 48 yr. How old is E?
[ "A)25 yr", "B)40 yr", "C)45yr", "D)64 yr" ]
B
Solution: Total present age of A, B, C and D, = (45*4)+(4*5) = 200 yr; Total age present age of A, B, C, D and E, = 48*5 = 240 yr. So, age of E = 40 yr. Answer: Option B
aquarat_9506
aquarat
Pipe A can fill a tank in 8 hours. Due to a leak at the bottom, it takes 12 hours for the pipe A to fill the tank. In what time can the leak alone empty the full tank?
[ "A)5", "B)24", "C)78", "D)90" ]
B
Let the leak can empty the full tank in x hours 1/8 - 1/x = 1/12 => 1/x = 1/8 - 1/12 = (3 - 2)/24 = 1/24 => x = 24. Answer: B
openbookqa_784
openbookqa
Taking a chicken leg from a deep freezer and placing it on a kitchen counter will
[ "cause it to die", "cause it to unfreeze", "cause it to freeze", "cause it to corrode" ]
B
qasc_534
qasc
What can be used to separate a solute from a solvent?
[ "liquid drying", "activation energy", "a hydraulic system", "chemical equations" ]
A
openbookqa_511
openbookqa
I need electrical energy to
[ "Go running", "cook some bread", "Ride a bike", "Go swimming" ]
B
medmcqa_7154
medmcqa
What is the most common site of origin of thrombotic pulmonary emboli?
[ "Deep leg veins", "Lumen of left ventricle", "Lumen of right ventricle", "Mesenteric veins" ]
A
An embolus is a detached intravascular mass that has been carried by the blood to a site other than where it was formed. Emboli basically can be thrombotic or embolic, but most originate from thrombi. These thromboemboli, most of which originate in the deep veins of the lower extremities, may embolize to the lungs.
aquarat_30140
aquarat
Two stations P and Q are 110 km apart on a straight track. One train starts from P at 7 a.m. and travels towards Q at 20 kmph. Another train starts from Q at 8 a.m. and travels towards P at a speed of 25 kmph. At what time will they meet?
[ "A)10.30 am", "B)10 am", "C)9 am", "D)11 am" ]
A
Assume both trains meet after x hours after 7 am Distance covered by train starting from P in x hours = 20x km Distance covered by train starting from Q in (x-1) hours = 25(x-1) Total distance = 110 => 20x + 25(x-1) = 110 => 45x = 135 => x= 3 Means, they meet after 3 hours after 7 am, ie, they meet at 10 am ANSWER:A
medmcqa_6455
medmcqa
Drug not causing enzyme inhibition is
[ "Phenobarbitone", "Omeprazole", "Disulfiram", "Diltiazem" ]
A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Phenobarbitone Drugs that induce microsomal enzymes* Phenobarbitone* Carbamezepine* Phenytoin* Omeprazole* Rifampin* Clofibrate* Glucocorticoids* Meprobamate* Isoniazid* Ritonavir* Chloral hydrate* Glutethimide* Phenylbutazone* Chronic alcohol intake* Griseofulvin* Cigarette smoking* DDT* Cyclophosphamide Drugs that inhibit drug metabolizing enzymes* Allopurinol* Diltiazem* Omeprazole* Amiodarone* Erythromycin* Propoxyphene* Clarithromycin* Isoniazid* Chloramphenicol* Cimetidine* Phenylbutazone* Quinidine* Ketoconazole* Metronidazole* Itraconazole* Disulfiram* Ciprofloxacin* Verapamil* Sulfonamides* MAO inhibitors