A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, William, and Henry. James noted, "James is a knight and William is a knave". "Henry is a knight or Henry is a knave," William declared. In Henry's words: "William is a knight if and only if William is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knave, William is a knight, and Henry is a knave.

(1) James is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight and William is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that James is a knight and William is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Henry is a knight or Henry is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight or Henry is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight if and only if William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, Chloe, and Mason. In a statement by Emily: "Mason is a knight and Mason is a knave". According to Chloe, "If Emily is a knave then Chloe is a knight". Mason said that If Mason is a knight then Chloe is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knave, Chloe is a knight, and Mason is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Mason is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knight then Chloe is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knave then Chloe is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Joseph, and Jack. Daniel remarked, "Daniel is a knight". Joseph asserted: "If Joseph is a knight then Daniel is a knave". In Jack's words: "Joseph is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knave, Joseph is a knight, and Jack is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knight
(3) Jack is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Joseph is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Joseph is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is not a knight.

(('telling-truth', 0), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Ava, and Scarlett. Michael told you that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight. Ava said, "Scarlett is a knight or Ava is a knight." Scarlett asserted: "Michael is a knave and Scarlett is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knave, Ava is a knight, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knave
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Ava is a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Joseph, and Abigail. "Abigail is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight," Daniel declared. Joseph told you that Daniel is not a knight. "Daniel is not a knight," Abigail mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knave, Joseph is a knight, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Daniel is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knight
(3) Abigail is a knight

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is not a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Abigail is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph and Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Samuel, and Benjamin. In Penelope's words: "If Samuel is a knight then Samuel is a knave". In Samuel's words: "Benjamin is a knave and Penelope is a knave". Benjamin stated, "If Samuel is a knave then Penelope is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, Samuel is a knave, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that If Samuel is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave and Penelope is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knave then Penelope is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Michael, and Emily. "Emily is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight," Riley claimed. Michael said, "Michael is a knight or Riley is a knave." Emily said, "Riley is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, Michael is a knight, and Emily is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Emily is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight or Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Riley, and Ethan. Emma was heard saying, "If Ethan is a knave then Ethan is a knight". In Riley's words: "Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight". In a statement by Ethan: "If Riley is a knight then Emma is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Riley is a knave, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knight

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knave then Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Logan, and Harper. Isabella expressed that Harper is not a knave. Logan told you that Isabella is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight. Harper remarked, "Logan is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, Logan is a knight, and Harper is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Harper is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Harper is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Isabella that Harper is not a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Lucas, and Michael. Isabella commented, "If Isabella is a knight then Michael is a knave". Lucas noted, "Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight". Michael said, "Michael is a knight and Isabella is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knight, Lucas is a knave, and Michael is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Lucas is a knave
(3) Michael is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knight then Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that If Isabella is a knight then Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ethan, Jack, and Joseph. Ethan stated, "Joseph is a knave". In Jack's words: "Joseph is a knight". Joseph told you that Jack is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knight, Jack is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Ethan is a knight
(2) Jack is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knave

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Luke, and Sofia. Olivia expressed that Luke is a knave. "Olivia is a knave or Sofia is a knave" - Luke. Sofia commented, "Luke is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knave, Luke is a knight, and Sofia is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knave
(2) Luke is a knight
(3) Sofia is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave or Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Olivia is a knave or Sofia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia and Luke, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave or Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Logan, and Charlotte. Daniel remarked, "Logan is not a knight". "Charlotte is a knight and Daniel is a knight" - Logan. Charlotte said that Charlotte is a knight and Logan is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knight, Logan is a knave, and Charlotte is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Logan is not a knight.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight and Daniel is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Charlotte is a knight and Daniel is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight and Logan is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Sophia, and Scarlett. Avery said, "Sophia is a knight or Avery is a knight." Sophia was heard saying, "Scarlett is a knight or Avery is a knight". Scarlett said, "Avery is a knight or Avery is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or Avery is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, Lily, and Amelia. In a statement by James: "Amelia is a knave or Lily is a knave". As Lily put it, "If Lily is a knight then Amelia is a knight". In a statement by Amelia: "James is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knave, Lily is a knight, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) James is a knave
(2) Lily is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knight

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave or Lily is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Lily is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Lily is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave or Lily is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Amelia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Abigail, and Amelia. In a statement by Scarlett: "Abigail is not a knight". Abigail commented, "If Abigail is a knight then Amelia is a knave". "If Scarlett is a knave then Scarlett is a knight" - Amelia. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knave, Abigail is a knight, and Amelia is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knave
(2) Abigail is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Abigail is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Abigail is a knight then Amelia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is not a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knight then Amelia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that If Abigail is a knight then Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Scarlett is a knave then Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Alexander, and Samuel. "Samuel is a knave and Samuel is a knight," Owen declared. Alexander said, "If Owen is a knight then Samuel is a knave." "Alexander is a knave and Alexander is a knight," Samuel mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knave

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Samuel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Aiden, and Matthew. In Alexander's words: "Aiden is a knave". Aiden noted, "Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight". Matthew stated, "Aiden is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knave, Aiden is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Matthew is a knight

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Oliver, and Grace. Jacob expressed that Oliver is a knave. Oliver commented, "Jacob is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight". Grace was heard saying, "Grace is a knight or Oliver is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knight, Oliver is a knave, and Grace is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Oliver is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Jack, and Owen. Sophia commented, "Owen is not a knight". "Sophia is not a knave," Jack mentioned. "Jack is a knight or Jack is a knave," Owen declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knave, Jack is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Jack is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Owen is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jack is a knight or Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Samuel, and Avery. Matthew said that Avery is a knight. Samuel noted, "If Samuel is a knight then Avery is a knight". Avery said that Avery is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, Samuel is a knight, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Avery is a knight

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knight then Avery is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 2))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Chloe, and Liam. Aurora said that Liam is a knave or Chloe is a knight. In a statement by Chloe: "Liam is a knight or Aurora is a knight". "Chloe is a knave or Aurora is a knight" - Liam. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knight, Chloe is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave or Aurora is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

(('or', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, Logan, and Olivia. In a statement by Abigail: "Logan is a knave and Abigail is a knight". Logan stated, "Abigail is a knight or Logan is a knight". Olivia was heard saying, "If Olivia is a knight then Logan is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knave, Logan is a knave, and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knave
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Logan is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Abigail is a knight or Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight or Logan is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Olivia is a knight then Logan is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Olivia is a knight then Logan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight or Logan is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Logan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Riley, and Lily. Emma remarked, "Riley is a knight and Emma is a knight". "Lily is a knight" - Riley. "Riley is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight," Lily claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knave, Riley is a knave, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Emma is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Lily is a knave

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight and Emma is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Lily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that Riley is a knight and Emma is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight and Emma is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('<=>', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, Charlotte, and Owen. Aiden noted, "Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knave". Charlotte noted, "Owen is not a knight". According to Owen, "Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knight, Charlotte is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Charlotte is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Grace, Jackson, and Henry. Grace said, "Henry is not a knave." "Grace is not a knave," Jackson mentioned. "Jackson is a knight and Jackson is a knave," Henry declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knave, Jackson is a knave, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Jackson is a knave
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is not a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight and Jackson is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Henry is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is not a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Henry is not a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight and Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is not a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, Samuel, and Jackson. Emily noted, "Samuel is a knight and Jackson is a knight". Samuel expressed that Samuel is a knight or Jackson is a knight. "Samuel is a knave and Emily is a knave," Jackson declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knave, Samuel is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight and Jackson is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Jackson is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knave and Emily is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Samuel is a knight and Jackson is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Samuel is a knight and Jackson is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight and Jackson is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Samuel is a knight and Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave and Emily is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Oliver, and David. Jacob said that David is not a knave. Oliver asserted: "Jacob is a knave". David asserted: "Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, Oliver is a knight, and David is a knave.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) David is a knave

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that David is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is not a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that David is not a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, Evelyn, and Alexander. "Evelyn is not a knave" - Emily. "Emily is a knight or Emily is a knave," Evelyn claimed. Alexander noted, "Evelyn is a knight or Alexander is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Owen, and Penelope. Evelyn was heard saying, "Owen is a knave". "Penelope is a knight," Owen claimed. Penelope asserted: "Owen is a knave or Evelyn is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knave, Owen is a knight, and Penelope is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Owen is a knight
(3) Penelope is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Owen that Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knave or Evelyn is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope and Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave or Evelyn is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Matthew, and Evelyn. Isabella stated, "Evelyn is a knave or Matthew is a knave". "Evelyn is a knight," Matthew claimed. Evelyn stated, "If Isabella is a knave then Evelyn is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Evelyn is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knave then Evelyn is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Evelyn is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Isabella is a knave then Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Avery, and Henry. "Henry is not a knight" - William. Avery told you that Henry is a knave and Avery is a knight. Henry said that William is a knave if and only if Henry is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knave, Avery is a knave, and Henry is a knight.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Henry is a knight

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is not a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Henry is not a knight.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that William is a knave if and only if Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is not a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave if and only if Henry is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knave and Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave and Avery is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Sophia, and Daniel. Luke remarked, "Luke is a knight or Daniel is a knight". "If Luke is a knave then Daniel is a knave," Sophia mentioned. Daniel said that Sophia is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knave then Daniel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Olivia, and Jacob. Jack noted, "Jack is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave". Olivia told you that Jacob is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight. Jacob commented, "Jack is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knave, Olivia is a knave, and Jacob is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Jacob is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Jack is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jack is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Jack is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Ella, and Jack. According to Ava, "If Ella is a knave then Ava is a knight". "If Ella is a knight then Jack is a knight," Ella declared. "If Ella is a knave then Jack is a knight" - Jack. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knight, Ella is a knight, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knight
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knave then Ava is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knave then Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jackson, William, and David. Jackson told you that William is not a knight. William told you that David is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave. David asserted: "William is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knave, William is a knight, and David is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) David is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is not a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that William is not a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that David is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David and William, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is not a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that David is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Henry, Matthew, and Luke. Henry was heard saying, "Matthew is a knight or Luke is a knave". "Matthew is a knight or Henry is a knight" - Matthew. Luke noted, "Henry is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and Luke is a knave.

(1) Henry is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Luke is a knave

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight or Luke is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight or Henry is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Matthew, and Ethan. Riley told you that Ethan is not a knave. "Riley is a knave," Matthew claimed. Ethan commented, "Riley is a knave and Ethan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Ethan is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave and Ethan is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Ethan is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is not a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Ethan is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave and Ethan is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Alexander, and Amelia. Jack noted, "Amelia is not a knave". Alexander asserted: "If Jack is a knight then Alexander is a knight". "If Alexander is a knave then Jack is a knave," Amelia claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Alexander is a knight, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Amelia, and Henry. Alexander expressed that Henry is a knave or Henry is a knight. Amelia was heard saying, "Henry is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight". Henry asserted: "Alexander is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knight, Amelia is a knight, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Alexander is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave or Henry is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Charlotte, and Noah. Ava was heard saying, "Ava is a knight if and only if Noah is a knight". Charlotte was heard saying, "Noah is a knight or Ava is a knave". In a statement by Noah: "Ava is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, and Noah is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knight
(2) Charlotte is a knight
(3) Noah is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Jackson, and Joseph. "Joseph is not a knave" - Isabella. Jackson asserted: "Joseph is not a knave". Joseph was heard saying, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knight, Jackson is a knight, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ella, Sebastian, and Grace. In Ella's words: "Sebastian is a knave or Ella is a knight". In Sebastian's words: "Grace is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave". In Grace's words: "Sebastian is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, and Grace is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Sebastian is a knight
(3) Grace is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Grace is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sebastian is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is not a knave.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that Grace is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Michael, and Oliver. Jacob asserted: "Michael is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight". Michael commented, "Jacob is a knave or Oliver is a knight". Oliver commented, "Michael is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, Michael is a knight, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Oliver is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave or Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Michael is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Jacob is a knave or Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave or Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Jacob is a knave or Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Michael is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Olivia, and Jack. Isabella asserted: "Jack is a knave and Olivia is a knave". Olivia commented, "Jack is a knight". "Isabella is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave," Jack mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, Olivia is a knight, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Jack is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Jack is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Isabella is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Sebastian, and Elizabeth. William expressed that Sebastian is not a knight. Sebastian expressed that William is a knight or Sebastian is a knight. Elizabeth said, "If Sebastian is a knave then William is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, and Elizabeth is a knight.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Sebastian is a knight
(3) Elizabeth is a knight

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Sebastian is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that William is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, William, and Samuel. Penelope stated, "Penelope is a knight or Samuel is a knight". According to William, "Penelope is a knight and Samuel is a knave". Samuel commented, "Penelope is a knight or Penelope is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, William is a knave, and Samuel is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) William is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Samuel is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Penelope is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Noah, Henry, and Owen. Noah expressed that If Noah is a knight then Henry is a knight. Henry stated, "Owen is a knave and Henry is a knight". In a statement by Owen: "Noah is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah is a knight, Henry is a knight, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Noah is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Owen is a knave

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knight then Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave and Henry is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that Owen is a knave and Henry is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is not a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Avery, and Henry. Joseph commented, "Avery is not a knight". Avery asserted: "Henry is a knave and Joseph is a knave". Henry asserted: "If Avery is a knight then Joseph is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knight, Avery is a knave, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Henry is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave and Joseph is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Joseph is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Henry, and Benjamin. As Joseph put it, "Benjamin is a knight". Henry commented, "If Benjamin is a knight then Joseph is a knight". In a statement by Benjamin: "Henry is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knight, Henry is a knight, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is not a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Benjamin, and Amelia. In Jack's words: "If Benjamin is a knave then Benjamin is a knight". Benjamin asserted: "Jack is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight". "Benjamin is a knave or Amelia is a knight," Amelia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Benjamin is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that If Benjamin is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Benjamin is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that If Benjamin is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave or Amelia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, Lily, and Logan. As Abigail put it, "Logan is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight". According to Lily, "Abigail is a knave". Logan told you that Lily is a knight if and only if Logan is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knave, Lily is a knight, and Logan is a knave.

(1) Abigail is a knave
(2) Lily is a knight
(3) Logan is a knave

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Logan is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Logan is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Lily is a knight if and only if Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Logan is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Benjamin, and Zoey. Jack noted, "Zoey is a knight". "Benjamin is a knight or Zoey is a knave" - Benjamin. Zoey said, "If Jack is a knight then Benjamin is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Zoey is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knave
(3) Zoey is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that If Jack is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight or Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Alexander, and David. "David is a knave and Alexander is a knight" - Isabella. Alexander remarked, "If Isabella is a knight then David is a knight". David commented, "David is a knight or Alexander is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and David is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) David is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that David is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight or Alexander is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Isabella is a knight then David is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that David is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander and David, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight or Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knight then David is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Samuel, and Benjamin. "Jack is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight," Jack declared. Samuel said that Benjamin is a knave and Samuel is a knight. Benjamin was heard saying, "Benjamin is a knight if and only if Jack is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Samuel is a knight, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Benjamin is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Henry, and Mia. "Mia is a knave and Henry is a knight," Chloe claimed. In Henry's words: "Mia is a knave". "Henry is a knave if and only if Henry is a knight," Mia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knight, Henry is a knight, and Mia is a knave.

(1) Chloe is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Mia is a knave

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave and Henry is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Mia is a knave and Henry is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, David, and Riley. Emily noted, "Riley is a knight or David is a knight". David asserted: "Emily is a knave or David is a knight". Riley stated, "David is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knight, David is a knight, and Riley is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knight
(2) David is a knight
(3) Riley is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight or David is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave or David is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Riley, and Liam. Lucas said, "Lucas is a knight and Riley is a knight." Riley expressed that If Lucas is a knight then Lucas is a knave. In Liam's words: "Riley is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Riley is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Lucas is a knight then Lucas is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Lucas is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Lucas is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Grace, Logan, and Aria. Grace said that Logan is not a knave. Logan said that If Aria is a knave then Grace is a knave. "If Grace is a knight then Aria is a knight," Aria mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knight, Logan is a knight, and Aria is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knight
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Aria is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Grace is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knight then Aria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Oliver, and Amelia. Jacob said, "Oliver is not a knight." Oliver told you that Amelia is a knave. "Amelia is a knight or Oliver is a knight," Amelia claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knight, Oliver is a knave, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is not a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Oliver is not a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Oliver is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('lying', 2), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Ella, and Emma. As Matthew put it, "Ella is a knave and Emma is a knight". Ella expressed that Matthew is a knight or Ella is a knight. Emma asserted: "Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knave, Ella is a knight, and Emma is a knight.

(1) Matthew is a knave
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Emma is a knight

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Ella is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knight or Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave.

(('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('lying', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Oliver, and William. According to Michael, "William is a knave or Oliver is a knave". Oliver said that If Michael is a knave then William is a knave. "Oliver is a knight if and only if William is a knight," William claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Oliver is a knight, and William is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) William is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave or Oliver is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if William is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that William is a knave or Oliver is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Michael is a knave then William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if William is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Logan, Emily, and Daniel. "Logan is a knight," Logan mentioned. "Daniel is a knight," Emily claimed. "If Daniel is a knight then Logan is a knave," Daniel claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan is a knave, Emily is a knight, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Logan is a knave
(2) Emily is a knight
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Daniel is a knight then Logan is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Daniel is a knight then Logan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel and Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Logan is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ella, Mia, and Abigail. "Mia is a knight or Mia is a knave" - Ella. Mia asserted: "Mia is a knight and Abigail is a knave". "Mia is a knave or Ella is a knight," Abigail declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knight, Mia is a knave, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Mia is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight or Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight and Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Mia is a knight and Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Mia is a knave or Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight and Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave or Ella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Grace, and Emily. Samuel noted, "Grace is a knave". According to Grace, "Emily is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight". "Samuel is not a knight" - Emily. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knight, Grace is a knave, and Emily is a knave.

(1) Samuel is a knight
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Emily is a knave

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Emily is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, Emily, and Aurora. "Aurora is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight" - Aiden. As Emily put it, "Aiden is a knave or Emily is a knight". "Aiden is a knave," Aurora declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knave, Emily is a knight, and Aurora is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Emily is a knight
(3) Aurora is a knight

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave or Emily is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Evelyn, and Mia. Harper said, "Mia is not a knave." Evelyn was heard saying, "Mia is a knave". According to Mia, "Harper is a knight and Evelyn is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knave, Evelyn is a knight, and Mia is a knave.

(1) Harper is a knave
(2) Evelyn is a knight
(3) Mia is a knave

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is not a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Harper is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Mia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is not a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Mia is not a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Ava, and Owen. Michael asserted: "Ava is not a knight". "Owen is a knight or Ava is a knight," Ava declared. As Owen put it, "Michael is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Ava is a knave, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) Owen is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight or Ava is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Owen is a knight or Ava is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Isabella, and Liam. "Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight," Charlotte mentioned. "Liam is not a knave," Isabella claimed. "Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight," Liam mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knight, Isabella is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Charlotte is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Charlotte, and Avery. Isabella was heard saying, "Charlotte is not a knight". As Charlotte put it, "Avery is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave". Avery said that Isabella is a knight or Isabella is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knight, Charlotte is a knave, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Charlotte is a knave
(3) Avery is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is not a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Charlotte is not a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight or Isabella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Victoria, and Olivia. Ava said that Victoria is not a knave. Victoria noted, "Ava is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight". "Victoria is not a knight," Olivia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knight, Victoria is a knight, and Olivia is a knave.

(1) Ava is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Olivia is a knave

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is not a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is not a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Charlotte, and James. In a statement by Matthew: "Charlotte is a knave and James is a knight". "Matthew is a knight," Charlotte claimed. "Charlotte is a knight" - James. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, and James is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knave
(2) Charlotte is a knave
(3) James is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave and James is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Charlotte is a knave and James is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and James is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Charlotte is a knave and James is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Alexander, and Owen. Mia stated, "Owen is a knight". Alexander said, "Owen is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight." "Alexander is a knave" - Owen. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Owen is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Owen is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Owen, and Scarlett. Elizabeth asserted: "Scarlett is a knight". According to Owen, "Scarlett is not a knight". Scarlett told you that Owen is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth is a knight, Owen is a knave, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knight
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Emily, and Mason. Lily stated, "Mason is a knight or Lily is a knight". Emily stated, "Mason is a knight and Lily is a knight". "Lily is not a knight," Mason declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knight, Emily is a knave, and Mason is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knight
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) Mason is a knave

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight or Lily is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is not a knight.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is not a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight and Lily is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Harper, and Luke. According to Joseph, "If Luke is a knight then Harper is a knave". Harper stated, "Joseph is not a knave". Luke noted, "Harper is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knight, Harper is a knight, and Luke is a knave.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Harper is a knight
(3) Luke is a knave

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knight then Harper is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that If Luke is a knight then Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Joseph is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Samuel, and Lily. "If Samuel is a knight then Lily is a knave," Jack mentioned. In a statement by Samuel: "If Jack is a knight then Lily is a knave". "Jack is a knight" - Lily. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Samuel is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Lily is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that If Samuel is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ella, Scarlett, and Evelyn. In Ella's words: "Scarlett is a knight or Evelyn is a knight". Scarlett expressed that Evelyn is a knight or Evelyn is a knave. Evelyn said, "Evelyn is a knight or Scarlett is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, and Evelyn is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Scarlett is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Evelyn, and Lily. Sophia expressed that Sophia is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight. "Lily is not a knave," Evelyn claimed. Lily told you that Sophia is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Sophia is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knight
(3) Lily is a knight

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Mason, and Sophia. Sebastian asserted: "If Sophia is a knight then Sophia is a knave". In Mason's words: "If Sophia is a knave then Mason is a knight". According to Sophia, "Mason is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Mason is a knight, and Sophia is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Mason is a knight
(3) Sophia is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knight then Sophia is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that If Sophia is a knight then Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knave then Mason is a knight.