A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, Logan, and Liam. Abigail remarked, "Logan is not a knave". In a statement by Logan: "Liam is not a knave". As Liam put it, "Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knight, Logan is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knight
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Benjamin, and Avery. Mason told you that Avery is a knight. According to Benjamin, "If Avery is a knight then Benjamin is a knight". "Benjamin is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight," Avery mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knave
(3) Avery is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Avery is a knight then Benjamin is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Benjamin, Matthew, and Henry. According to Benjamin, "Henry is a knight". In a statement by Matthew: "Benjamin is a knight". "If Benjamin is a knight then Henry is a knight," Henry declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Henry is a knight

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Henry is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0), ('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, James, and Liam. As Jack put it, "James is a knave". James expressed that If Liam is a knave then Jack is a knave. Liam said, "Liam is a knight if and only if James is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, James is a knave, and Liam is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) James is a knave
(3) Liam is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Liam is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that If Liam is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight if and only if James is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Daniel, and Lily. Sebastian was heard saying, "If Daniel is a knight then Lily is a knight". "If Lily is a knight then Daniel is a knight," Daniel claimed. "If Sebastian is a knight then Daniel is a knave" - Lily. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Daniel is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Lily is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Lily is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Sebastian is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that If Daniel is a knight then Lily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Daniel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Daniel, and Oliver. "If Oliver is a knight then Daniel is a knave," Ava declared. Daniel stated, "If Ava is a knight then Ava is a knave". Oliver told you that If Oliver is a knight then Ava is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knight, Daniel is a knave, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Oliver is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knight then Ava is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that If Oliver is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Ava is a knight then Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ethan, Sebastian, and Scarlett. "Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knight," Ethan mentioned. Sebastian was heard saying, "Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knave". Scarlett stated, "Ethan is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knave
(2) Sebastian is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Ethan, and Samuel. Aurora expressed that If Ethan is a knave then Ethan is a knight. In Ethan's words: "Aurora is a knave or Aurora is a knight". Samuel was heard saying, "Ethan is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knight, Ethan is a knight, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Ethan is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knave then Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave or Aurora is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Jackson, and William. According to Daniel, "Daniel is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight". "Daniel is a knight or William is a knight," Jackson claimed. William stated, "Jackson is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knight, Jackson is a knight, and William is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) William is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('lying', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Oliver, Harper, and Ethan. In a statement by Oliver: "Ethan is a knight". Harper was heard saying, "Ethan is a knave". Ethan asserted: "Harper is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knight, Harper is a knave, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) Harper is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knight

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Oliver, William, and Victoria. Oliver expressed that Oliver is a knight or Victoria is a knight. In William's words: "If Oliver is a knave then Victoria is a knight". Victoria said, "William is not a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knight, William is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) William is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is not a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that William is not a knight.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Oliver is a knave then Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is not a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knave then Victoria is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('->', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Zoey, Grace, and Liam. According to Zoey, "Zoey is a knight if and only if Grace is a knight". Grace said that Grace is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight. Liam commented, "Grace is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knight, Grace is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Grace is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Aiden, and Matthew. Chloe asserted: "Chloe is a knight or Matthew is a knave". Aiden remarked, "Matthew is not a knave". Matthew asserted: "Chloe is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knight, Aiden is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Matthew is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, Elizabeth, and Mason. According to Aiden, "Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave". Elizabeth told you that Elizabeth is a knight or Aiden is a knave. Mason stated, "If Elizabeth is a knave then Aiden is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, and Mason is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Mason is a knight

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knave then Aiden is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, William, and Lucas. In Liam's words: "Lucas is a knave". William noted, "Lucas is not a knave". Lucas stated, "Liam is a knight or Lucas is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, William is a knight, and Lucas is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is a knight or Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight or Lucas is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Riley, and Ava. According to Avery, "Ava is a knight". Riley remarked, "Riley is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave". "Avery is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight" - Ava. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Riley is a knave, and Ava is a knave.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Ava is a knave

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Ava is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Ava is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Avery is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Emily, and Samuel. Lily was heard saying, "Emily is a knight". Emily was heard saying, "Emily is a knight and Samuel is a knight". Samuel remarked, "Lily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Emily is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight and Samuel is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Emily is a knight and Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight and Samuel is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('<=>', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Riley, and Jack. "If Sebastian is a knight then Jack is a knight," Sebastian mentioned. "Jack is a knight and Sebastian is a knave" - Riley. Jack remarked, "Riley is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Riley is a knave, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight and Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight and Sebastian is a knave.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Grace, Benjamin, and Scarlett. Grace was heard saying, "Benjamin is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave". Benjamin commented, "If Benjamin is a knight then Grace is a knave". Scarlett told you that Grace is a knave or Benjamin is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Benjamin is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Grace is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave or Benjamin is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Henry, and Matthew. According to Mason, "Henry is a knave and Mason is a knight". Henry asserted: "Matthew is not a knave". Matthew asserted: "If Henry is a knight then Mason is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knave, Henry is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Matthew is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave and Mason is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Henry is a knave and Mason is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is not a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that Matthew is not a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Henry is a knight then Mason is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave and Mason is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Henry is a knight then Mason is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Oliver, and Sebastian. Lucas said that Oliver is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight. In Oliver's words: "Sebastian is a knave or Lucas is a knave". Sebastian asserted: "Lucas is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knight, Oliver is a knave, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knave
(3) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Oliver is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave or Lucas is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Victoria, and Samuel. Isabella remarked, "Samuel is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave". "Isabella is a knight" - Victoria. Samuel expressed that Isabella is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, Victoria is a knave, and Samuel is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is not a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Samuel is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria and Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Isabella that Samuel is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Victoria, and Emma. Chloe expressed that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave. Victoria told you that Emma is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knight. "Chloe is a knight or Victoria is a knight" - Emma. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, Victoria is a knave, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Emma is a knave

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Chloe is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Emma is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma and Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Emma is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight or Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Riley, and Ava. Alexander was heard saying, "Ava is a knight and Riley is a knight". Riley commented, "Ava is not a knave". Ava said, "Ava is a knight and Riley is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knave, Riley is a knave, and Ava is a knave.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Ava is a knave

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Alexander that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('lying', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aria, Abigail, and Luke. As Aria put it, "Abigail is not a knave". Abigail commented, "If Aria is a knight then Luke is a knight". Luke told you that Aria is a knave or Luke is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria is a knight, Abigail is a knight, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Aria is a knight
(2) Abigail is a knight
(3) Luke is a knight

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Luke is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave or Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Amelia, Luke, and Harper. Amelia said, "Luke is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight." Luke asserted: "Luke is a knight and Harper is a knave". In a statement by Harper: "Luke is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia is a knave, Luke is a knight, and Harper is a knave.

(1) Amelia is a knave
(2) Luke is a knight
(3) Harper is a knave

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Luke is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Luke is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Luke cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Luke is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Luke, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Victoria, and David. Harper told you that David is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave. Victoria was heard saying, "If Harper is a knight then David is a knight". David expressed that Victoria is a knave or Victoria is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knight, Victoria is a knight, and David is a knight.

(1) Harper is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) David is a knight

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave if and only if Victoria is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then David is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, David, and Jackson. Emily asserted: "Jackson is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight". In a statement by David: "Jackson is a knight and Emily is a knave". "David is a knight," Jackson declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knave, David is a knight, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) David is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight and Emily is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that David is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Jackson is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight and Emily is a knave.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, Amelia, and Emily. "Emily is a knave and Abigail is a knight," Abigail claimed. According to Amelia, "Abigail is a knight". In Emily's words: "Emily is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knight, Amelia is a knight, and Emily is a knave.

(1) Abigail is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Emily is a knave

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Emily is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Benjamin, Charlotte, and Victoria. Benjamin remarked, "Victoria is a knight and Victoria is a knave". Charlotte stated, "Victoria is a knave". As Victoria put it, "Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) Charlotte is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knave

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Grace, and Oliver. "Grace is a knight and Evelyn is a knight," Evelyn declared. Grace expressed that Grace is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knight. Oliver said, "Evelyn is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, Grace is a knight, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Grace is a knight
(3) Oliver is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Aurora, and Avery. Riley asserted: "Aurora is a knight". As Aurora put it, "Avery is not a knight". Avery noted, "If Avery is a knight then Riley is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, Aurora is a knave, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) Avery is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Avery is a knight then Riley is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Aurora is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Riley is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Avery, and Riley. "Riley is not a knight," Penelope claimed. Avery remarked, "Penelope is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight". In Riley's words: "Avery is a knight and Penelope is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, Avery is a knave, and Riley is a knave.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Riley is a knave

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Riley is not a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Penelope is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Lucas, and Matthew. Harper said, "Lucas is a knave or Harper is a knight." Lucas told you that Matthew is a knave and Matthew is a knight. Matthew was heard saying, "Harper is a knight or Harper is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knight, Lucas is a knave, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Harper is a knight
(2) Lucas is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knight

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Harper is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight or Harper is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, Aiden, and Scarlett. "Scarlett is a knave," James mentioned. "James is a knave or Scarlett is a knave," Aiden claimed. Scarlett asserted: "Aiden is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knight, Aiden is a knight, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Grace, and Emma. Sophia expressed that If Grace is a knave then Emma is a knave. Grace noted, "If Emma is a knight then Emma is a knave". Emma said, "Grace is a knight or Sophia is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knave, Grace is a knave, and Emma is a knight.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Emma is a knight

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Emma is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that If Emma is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Grace is a knight or Sophia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Emma is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that If Grace is a knave then Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that If Emma is a knight then Emma is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Grace is a knave then Emma is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that If Grace is a knave then Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or Sophia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Victoria, Charlotte, and Avery. Victoria told you that Avery is not a knave. Charlotte told you that Avery is a knave and Victoria is a knight. As Avery put it, "Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Victoria is a knave
(2) Charlotte is a knave
(3) Avery is a knave

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Avery is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is not a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Avery is not a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave and Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Owen, and Ethan. As Jacob put it, "Ethan is not a knave". As Owen put it, "If Owen is a knight then Jacob is a knight". Ethan noted, "Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knight, Owen is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knight
(2) Owen is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Jacob is a knight.

(('not', ('lying', 2)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Aurora, and Owen. Sebastian said that Aurora is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight. Aurora said, "If Owen is a knight then Sebastian is a knight." In Owen's words: "Owen is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knave, Aurora is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that If Owen is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Owen is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Aiden, and Owen. "Owen is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight," Alexander declared. Aiden commented, "Alexander is a knave or Aiden is a knight". According to Owen, "Alexander is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knave, Aiden is a knight, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Owen is a knight

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Owen is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Logan, Liam, and Jackson. Logan remarked, "Liam is not a knave". Liam commented, "Logan is a knave or Jackson is a knight". "Logan is a knight and Jackson is a knight" - Jackson. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan is a knight, Liam is a knight, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) Logan is a knight
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave or Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight and Jackson is a knight.

(('not', ('lying', 1)), ('or', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Amelia, David, and Ethan. In a statement by Amelia: "David is not a knight". David told you that Amelia is a knight and David is a knight. "David is a knight," Ethan claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia is a knight, David is a knave, and Ethan is a knave.

(1) Amelia is a knight
(2) David is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knave

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that David is not a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight and David is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Lily, and Daniel. Elizabeth expressed that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave. "Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight" - Lily. In a statement by Daniel: "Lily is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth is a knight, Lily is a knave, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knight
(2) Lily is a knave
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Liam, and Aiden. Owen said, "Aiden is a knight or Aiden is a knave." In a statement by Liam: "Aiden is a knave or Owen is a knave". "Owen is not a knave," Aiden mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Liam is a knave, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Liam is a knave
(3) Aiden is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave or Owen is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Emily, and Lucas. Penelope noted, "Lucas is a knave". In a statement by Emily: "Penelope is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave". Lucas said, "Penelope is a knight or Penelope is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knave, Emily is a knave, and Lucas is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knave
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) Lucas is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Penelope is a knight or Penelope is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Penelope is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Amelia, Penelope, and Evelyn. Amelia said that Evelyn is not a knight. Penelope was heard saying, "Penelope is a knight or Evelyn is a knave". Evelyn was heard saying, "Penelope is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia is a knight, Penelope is a knight, and Evelyn is a knave.

(1) Amelia is a knight
(2) Penelope is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knave

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Evelyn is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Evelyn is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Evelyn, and Victoria. Michael told you that If Victoria is a knave then Evelyn is a knight. "Michael is a knight," Evelyn mentioned. Victoria said that Michael is a knave or Evelyn is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knave then Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave or Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Michael is a knave or Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave or Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Alexander, and Ella. As William put it, "Ella is a knave or Alexander is a knave". According to Alexander, "If William is a knave then Ella is a knave". Ella remarked, "If Alexander is a knight then William is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knight, Alexander is a knight, and Ella is a knave.

(1) William is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Ella is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave or Alexander is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knight then William is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Ella is a knave or Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If William is a knave then Ella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Alexander is a knight then William is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knave then Ella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Ella, and Logan. Samuel commented, "Logan is a knight if and only if Logan is a knave". Ella remarked, "Ella is a knight". In Logan's words: "If Logan is a knight then Ella is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, Ella is a knave, and Logan is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Logan is a knight

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knight if and only if Logan is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knight then Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that If Logan is a knight then Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Abigail, and Avery. Daniel remarked, "If Avery is a knave then Abigail is a knave". In a statement by Abigail: "Avery is a knight and Daniel is a knave". Avery noted, "Abigail is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knight, Abigail is a knave, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) Abigail is a knave
(3) Avery is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knave then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knight and Daniel is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Abigail is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If Avery is a knave then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Daniel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Grace, and Zoey. Riley stated, "Zoey is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave". Grace told you that Zoey is a knight or Riley is a knight. As Zoey put it, "Grace is a knave and Grace is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, Grace is a knave, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Zoey is a knave

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knave and Grace is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave and Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight or Riley is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight or Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Emily, and Liam. Samuel asserted: "If Liam is a knave then Liam is a knight". Emily commented, "If Liam is a knave then Samuel is a knave". Liam stated, "Emily is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knight, Emily is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knight
(2) Emily is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knave then Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knave then Samuel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Oliver, and Chloe. Penelope expressed that Chloe is a knight. According to Oliver, "Penelope is a knight". Chloe stated, "Chloe is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, Oliver is a knight, and Chloe is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Chloe is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Matthew, and Riley. In a statement by Lily: "Lily is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight". "Lily is a knave," Matthew claimed. According to Riley, "Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Riley is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Riley is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Lily is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Penelope, and Alexander. "Penelope is a knave or Penelope is a knight," Jack declared. "Alexander is a knight or Alexander is a knave" - Penelope. Alexander told you that Penelope is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Penelope is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Penelope is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave or Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Logan, and Henry. According to Aurora, "Logan is a knave or Logan is a knight". Logan remarked, "Henry is a knight and Logan is a knight". Henry stated, "Logan is a knight and Logan is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knight, Logan is a knave, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave or Logan is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight and Logan is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knight and Logan is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Henry is a knight and Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight and Logan is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight and Logan is a knave.

(('or', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, David, and Scarlett. "If David is a knight then Scarlett is a knave," Daniel claimed. David expressed that David is a knight and Scarlett is a knight. "Daniel is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave," Scarlett mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knight, David is a knave, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) David is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If David is a knight then Scarlett is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If David is a knight then Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of David that David is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider David.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Ethan, and Oliver. "Oliver is a knight and Ethan is a knight," Evelyn declared. Ethan stated, "Ethan is a knight or Oliver is a knave". Oliver said that Ethan is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, Ethan is a knight, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Ethan is a knight
(3) Oliver is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight and Ethan is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Oliver is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Olivia, and Samuel. In Sophia's words: "Samuel is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave". Olivia expressed that Sophia is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight. "Olivia is a knight or Sophia is a knave," Samuel declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knave, Olivia is a knight, and Samuel is a knight.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knight

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight or Sophia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Samuel is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sophia is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight or Sophia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Samuel is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Benjamin, Logan, and Zoey. Benjamin was heard saying, "Logan is a knave". In Logan's words: "Logan is a knight and Zoey is a knight". "Logan is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight" - Zoey. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knave, Logan is a knight, and Zoey is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knight

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Logan is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight.

(('lying', 1), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Logan, Ella, and Sofia. According to Logan, "Sofia is not a knave". "Logan is not a knave," Ella mentioned. As Sofia put it, "Logan is a knave or Logan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan is a knight, Ella is a knight, and Sofia is a knight.

(1) Logan is a knight
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Sofia is a knight

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is not a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave or Logan is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Michael, and Alexander. In Avery's words: "Michael is a knight and Alexander is a knight". According to Michael, "Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave". Alexander said, "Michael is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Michael is a knave, and Alexander is a knave.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Alexander is a knave

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight and Alexander is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Michael is a knight and Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Michael is a knight and Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight and Alexander is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Michael is a knight and Alexander is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Scarlett, and Aria. Lily remarked, "Aria is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave". According to Scarlett, "Lily is not a knave". Aria remarked, "Scarlett is a knight and Aria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, and Aria is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Aria is a knave

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Scarlett is a knight and Aria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Daniel, and Jacob. As Mia put it, "If Jacob is a knave then Daniel is a knave". "If Jacob is a knave then Mia is a knave" - Daniel. Jacob expressed that Daniel is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knave, Daniel is a knight, and Jacob is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knave then Daniel is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Jacob is a knave then Mia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that If Jacob is a knave then Daniel is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Daniel is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel and Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jacob is a knave then Daniel is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that If Jacob is a knave then Daniel is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knave then Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Aurora, and Sophia. Samuel stated, "Aurora is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave". "Aurora is a knight or Sophia is a knave," Aurora mentioned. Sophia said that Aurora is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, Aurora is a knight, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) Sophia is a knight

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Grace, and Aurora. As Charlotte put it, "Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight". According to Grace, "Aurora is a knight". Aurora told you that Grace is a knave and Grace is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knave, Grace is a knave, and Aurora is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Aurora is a knave

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knave and Grace is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave and Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Sofia, and Alexander. In a statement by Olivia: "Alexander is a knight or Alexander is a knave". Sofia asserted: "Alexander is a knave and Alexander is a knight". Alexander said that Olivia is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knight, Sofia is a knave, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Sofia is a knave
(3) Alexander is a knight

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Abigail, and Ethan. Jack noted, "Jack is a knight and Ethan is a knave". Abigail said that Jack is a knight. "Abigail is a knave or Jack is a knight," Ethan declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knave, Abigail is a knave, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Abigail is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Jack is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Abigail is a knave or Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave or Jack is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('or', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Victoria, and Ella. "Victoria is a knight or Victoria is a knave," Lucas claimed. Victoria expressed that Victoria is a knight and Lucas is a knave. In a statement by Ella: "Lucas is a knave or Lucas is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knight, Victoria is a knave, and Ella is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Ella is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight or Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Sophia, and Chloe. "If Chloe is a knight then Sophia is a knight," Alexander claimed. Sophia stated, "If Chloe is a knight then Chloe is a knave". According to Chloe, "Sophia is a knight and Alexander is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Chloe is a knave.

(1) Alexander is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Chloe is a knave

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knight and Alexander is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight and Alexander is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knight then Chloe is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Ella, and Scarlett. "Scarlett is a knave and Ella is a knight," Charlotte mentioned. "Charlotte is not a knave" - Ella. Scarlett was heard saying, "Ella is a knight or Charlotte is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knave, Ella is a knave, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Scarlett is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Ella is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Scarlett is a knave and Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella and Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is not a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Noah, Alexander, and Lily. Noah commented, "If Noah is a knight then Alexander is a knight". "Noah is a knight or Alexander is a knight," Alexander mentioned. Lily expressed that Noah is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah is a knight, Alexander is a knight, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Noah is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Lily is a knave

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knight then Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Alexander is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is not a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is not a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Scarlett, and Aiden. As Jack put it, "Aiden is a knight". According to Scarlett, "Jack is a knave". In a statement by Aiden: "Jack is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, and Aiden is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Scarlett is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Aiden is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, Matthew, and Owen. Abigail remarked, "If Matthew is a knight then Matthew is a knave". Matthew noted, "Owen is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave". As Owen put it, "Matthew is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that If Matthew is a knight then Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Michael, and Zoey. "Michael is a knight," Luke mentioned. "If Michael is a knight then Zoey is a knave," Michael mentioned. "Luke is not a knight," Zoey claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Michael is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that If Michael is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is not a knight.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Jackson, and Victoria. "Lucas is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight," Lucas claimed. "Lucas is a knave," Jackson claimed. Victoria remarked, "Jackson is a knight or Jackson is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Jackson is a knight, and Victoria is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Lucas is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Jackson is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, David, and Abigail. Aiden told you that Abigail is a knave. David told you that Aiden is a knave or Abigail is a knave. "David is a knight if and only if David is a knave" - Abigail. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knight, David is a knight, and Abigail is a knave.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) David is a knight
(3) Abigail is a knave

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight if and only if David is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave or Abigail is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Jacob, and Abigail. "If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight," Matthew mentioned. Jacob stated, "Matthew is not a knave". As Abigail put it, "Abigail is a knight or Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, Jacob is a knight, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Jacob is a knight
(3) Abigail is a knight

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Ava, and Amelia. "Amelia is a knave and Ava is a knave," Sebastian declared. "Sebastian is a knave," Ava declared. Amelia expressed that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Ava is a knave, and Amelia is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Amelia is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Amelia is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave.