A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, David, and Scarlett. Abigail told you that Scarlett is not a knave. David asserted: "Abigail is not a knight". According to Scarlett, "Abigail is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knave, David is a knight, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) Abigail is a knave
(2) David is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Scarlett is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Scarlett is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ethan, Aurora, and Joseph. "Ethan is a knight and Joseph is a knight," Ethan declared. Aurora expressed that Ethan is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave. Joseph asserted: "If Aurora is a knight then Aurora is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knight, Aurora is a knave, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knight
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Aurora is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Aurora, and Henry. Joseph said that Henry is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave. Aurora stated, "If Joseph is a knight then Henry is a knave". "Joseph is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight," Henry mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knave, Aurora is a knight, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Joseph is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Henry is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Joseph is a knight then Henry is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora and Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knight then Henry is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jackson, Olivia, and Mia. Jackson noted, "If Jackson is a knight then Mia is a knight". Olivia stated, "Mia is a knave or Jackson is a knight". In Mia's words: "Jackson is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knight, Olivia is a knight, and Mia is a knight.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Mia is a knight

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave or Jackson is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Emma, and Abigail. Harper remarked, "Abigail is a knight". "Harper is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave," Emma declared. Abigail told you that Abigail is a knight or Harper is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knight, Emma is a knight, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Harper is a knight
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Abigail is a knight

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight or Harper is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Oliver, and Victoria. As Elizabeth put it, "Victoria is not a knave". Oliver expressed that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight. In a statement by Victoria: "Elizabeth is a knave and Victoria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth is a knave, Oliver is a knave, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knave
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is not a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Victoria is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is not a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Victoria is not a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Zoey, Luke, and James. Zoey asserted: "If Luke is a knight then James is a knight". Luke said, "James is a knight if and only if James is a knave." As James put it, "Zoey is a knave or Luke is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knight, Luke is a knave, and James is a knight.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Luke is a knave
(3) James is a knight

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knight then James is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave or Luke is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Alexander, and Oliver. In a statement by Daniel: "Oliver is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight". Alexander commented, "If Daniel is a knight then Oliver is a knave". "Daniel is a knight," Oliver claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Oliver is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Oliver is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Daniel is a knight then Oliver is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Oliver is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Joseph, and Jack. Lucas asserted: "Lucas is a knight and Joseph is a knight". In Joseph's words: "Lucas is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight". Jack was heard saying, "Joseph is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Joseph is a knave, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Lucas is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Scarlett, and Matthew. Avery expressed that Matthew is not a knight. In a statement by Scarlett: "Avery is not a knight". Matthew noted, "Matthew is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, and Matthew is a knave.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knave

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Matthew is not a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is not a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Emily, and Charlotte. "Charlotte is a knave," Lucas mentioned. Emily told you that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave. In Charlotte's words: "Lucas is a knight or Emily is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Emily is a knave, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lucas is a knight or Emily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Logan, and Samuel. Evelyn asserted: "If Logan is a knight then Evelyn is a knight". Logan commented, "Samuel is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight". "If Evelyn is a knight then Evelyn is a knave" - Samuel. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, Logan is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knight then Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Evelyn is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Samuel is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Samuel is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Evelyn is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Noah, and Mason. Sebastian noted, "Noah is a knight". According to Noah, "If Sebastian is a knave then Mason is a knave". Mason noted, "Sebastian is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Noah is a knight, and Mason is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Noah is a knight
(3) Mason is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aria, Olivia, and David. "If David is a knave then Olivia is a knave" - Aria. "If Aria is a knight then David is a knave," Olivia mentioned. David expressed that Aria is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria is a knight, Olivia is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Aria is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) David is a knight

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If David is a knave then Olivia is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Aria is a knight then David is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aria is a knight then David is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Victoria, and Ethan. "Ethan is a knight and Scarlett is a knight," Scarlett declared. As Victoria put it, "If Ethan is a knave then Victoria is a knight". "Scarlett is a knave" - Ethan. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knave, Victoria is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Scarlett is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knight

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Ethan is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knave then Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Riley, and Ella. William commented, "If Ella is a knight then Riley is a knave". "William is a knave," Riley mentioned. Ella remarked, "William is a knave and Riley is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knight, Riley is a knave, and Ella is a knave.

(1) William is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Ella is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Riley is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knave and Riley is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave and Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Penelope, and Olivia. Charlotte noted, "If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight". Penelope remarked, "Olivia is a knave and Olivia is a knight". Olivia remarked, "If Penelope is a knave then Penelope is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knave, Penelope is a knave, and Olivia is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Penelope is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knave

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knave then Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave and Olivia is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that If Penelope is a knave then Penelope is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Penelope is a knave then Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Olivia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Victoria, and Ethan. "Ethan is not a knave," Sebastian claimed. In a statement by Victoria: "Ethan is a knave or Sebastian is a knight". Ethan noted, "If Victoria is a knave then Victoria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Victoria is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knave then Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave or Sebastian is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Lucas, and Joseph. Avery remarked, "Joseph is a knight or Lucas is a knight". Lucas asserted: "Avery is a knave". In Joseph's words: "Lucas is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knight, Lucas is a knave, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Lucas is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Lucas is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Benjamin, Lucas, and Aiden. In Benjamin's words: "Aiden is a knight and Aiden is a knave". "Benjamin is a knight and Aiden is a knave," Lucas mentioned. Aiden commented, "Benjamin is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knave, Lucas is a knave, and Aiden is a knave.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) Lucas is a knave
(3) Aiden is a knave

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight and Aiden is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Benjamin, and Emily. "If Benjamin is a knave then Emily is a knave," Charlotte claimed. In a statement by Benjamin: "Emily is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight". "Benjamin is a knight" - Emily. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Emily is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knave
(3) Emily is a knave

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knave then Emily is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Emily is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that If Benjamin is a knave then Emily is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Noah, and William. Jacob noted, "William is a knight". Noah said, "If William is a knight then William is a knave." "Noah is a knave and Jacob is a knave" - William. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, Noah is a knight, and William is a knave.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Noah is a knight
(3) William is a knave

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is a knave and Jacob is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that William is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave and Jacob is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knight then William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Jacob, and Harper. In a statement by Riley: "Harper is a knight or Harper is a knave". "Jacob is a knight and Harper is a knave" - Jacob. Harper commented, "If Jacob is a knave then Jacob is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knight, Jacob is a knave, and Harper is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Jacob is a knave
(3) Harper is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight or Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that If Jacob is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jacob is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that If Jacob is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight and Harper is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Matthew, and Ella. In a statement by Aurora: "Ella is a knight and Ella is a knave". Matthew said that If Aurora is a knight then Matthew is a knight. "If Aurora is a knave then Matthew is a knave" - Ella. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Ella is a knave.

(1) Aurora is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Ella is a knave

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that If Aurora is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Aurora is a knight then Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aurora is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Matthew is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Oliver, Mason, and Emma. Oliver noted, "Mason is not a knave". Mason noted, "Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight". "Mason is not a knave," Emma claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knave, Mason is a knave, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) Mason is a knave
(3) Emma is a knave

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Mason is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Mason is not a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is not a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Chloe, and Aria. Jacob expressed that Chloe is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knight. In Chloe's words: "If Jacob is a knight then Jacob is a knave". Aria noted, "Jacob is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, Chloe is a knight, and Aria is a knave.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Aria is a knave

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Jacob is a knight then Jacob is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Chloe is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knight then Jacob is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Logan, and Matthew. "Evelyn is a knight and Matthew is a knight" - Evelyn. As Logan put it, "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knave". In Matthew's words: "Evelyn is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knave, Logan is a knave, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight and Matthew is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Evelyn is a knight and Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight and Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Chloe, and Noah. Lily asserted: "If Chloe is a knave then Noah is a knave". Chloe commented, "Lily is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight". Noah expressed that If Lily is a knight then Chloe is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Chloe is a knave, and Noah is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knave
(3) Noah is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then Noah is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lily is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Chloe is a knave then Noah is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that If Chloe is a knave then Noah is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Chloe is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, Aurora, and William. Aiden was heard saying, "Aiden is a knight and William is a knave". Aurora said, "William is not a knave." William noted, "If William is a knight then Aiden is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knave, Aurora is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) William is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight and William is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Aiden is a knight and William is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If William is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knight and William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ella, Aria, and Mia. According to Ella, "Aria is a knight or Ella is a knight". "Ella is a knave or Ella is a knight," Aria mentioned. "Aria is a knave," Mia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knight, Aria is a knight, and Mia is a knave.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Aria is a knight
(3) Mia is a knave

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('lying', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Benjamin, Evelyn, and Scarlett. Benjamin was heard saying, "Evelyn is a knight and Scarlett is a knave". Evelyn noted, "Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knight". According to Scarlett, "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knave, Evelyn is a knave, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) Evelyn is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Evelyn is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Evelyn is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Henry, and Emily. As Owen put it, "Henry is a knave". Henry asserted: "Emily is a knight and Emily is a knave". Emily stated, "Henry is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Henry is a knave, and Emily is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Henry is a knave
(3) Emily is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight and Emily is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Elizabeth, James, and Alexander. Elizabeth stated, "James is a knave and James is a knight". "Elizabeth is not a knave," James declared. Alexander was heard saying, "Elizabeth is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth is a knave, James is a knave, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) James is a knave
(3) Alexander is a knight

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave and James is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and James is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is not a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Elizabeth, and Samuel. "Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Jack is a knight," Jack claimed. Elizabeth asserted: "If Jack is a knave then Samuel is a knave". "If Elizabeth is a knight then Jack is a knave" - Samuel. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Jack is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knight then Jack is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Jack is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Oliver, David, and James. Oliver commented, "David is a knight and James is a knight". "Oliver is a knave if and only if James is a knave" - David. James remarked, "David is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knight, David is a knight, and James is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) David is a knight
(3) James is a knight

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight and James is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if James is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Ava, and Harper. In Mason's words: "Harper is a knight and Mason is a knight". Ava stated, "Harper is a knight if and only if Mason is a knight". Harper expressed that Mason is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knave, Ava is a knave, and Harper is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) Harper is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Mason is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is not a knight.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Harper is a knight and Mason is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Mason is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight if and only if Mason is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight if and only if Mason is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, Sebastian, and Zoey. According to Emily, "If Emily is a knight then Zoey is a knave". As Sebastian put it, "Zoey is a knight and Zoey is a knave". "Emily is a knave or Zoey is a knight" - Zoey. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Emily is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that If Emily is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave or Zoey is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight and Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Henry, and Daniel. Lily was heard saying, "Henry is a knight and Lily is a knight". "Daniel is a knight" - Henry. In a statement by Daniel: "Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knight, Henry is a knight, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Michael, and Sofia. In Liam's words: "If Michael is a knave then Liam is a knight". According to Michael, "If Sofia is a knight then Michael is a knight". "Sofia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave" - Sofia. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Michael is a knave, and Sofia is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Sofia is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then Liam is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sofia is a knight then Michael is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sofia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sofia is a knight then Michael is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that If Sofia is a knight then Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Michael is a knave then Liam is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that If Michael is a knave then Liam is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Liam, and Victoria. In Sebastian's words: "Liam is a knave or Victoria is a knight". According to Liam, "Sebastian is a knave or Victoria is a knave". Victoria asserted: "Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knave, Liam is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knave
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Sebastian is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Liam is a knave or Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Sebastian is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave or Victoria is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that Liam is a knave or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Jack, and Sofia. According to Owen, "Sofia is a knave". In a statement by Jack: "Jack is a knight or Sofia is a knight". "Owen is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight," Sofia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knave, Jack is a knight, and Sofia is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knave
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Sofia is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Sofia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Zoey, and David. "Elizabeth is a knight or Zoey is a knight," Elizabeth claimed. Zoey commented, "David is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave". "Zoey is a knave" - David. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth is a knave, Zoey is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) David is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that David is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that David is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David and Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Elizabeth is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Aiden, and Liam. Jacob noted, "If Liam is a knave then Liam is a knight". Aiden said, "Jacob is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave." Liam said that Jacob is a knave or Liam is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knight, Aiden is a knave, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knave
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knave then Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Joseph, and Samuel. Sebastian expressed that Samuel is not a knight. "Joseph is a knight and Sebastian is a knave," Joseph mentioned. Samuel commented, "If Joseph is a knight then Sebastian is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knave, Joseph is a knave, and Samuel is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Samuel is not a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Joseph is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that If Joseph is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Sebastian is a knave.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Aria, and Henry. In a statement by Scarlett: "Aria is not a knave". Aria remarked, "Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave". Henry expressed that Scarlett is a knight and Henry is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knave, Aria is a knave, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knave
(2) Aria is a knave
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Aria is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is not a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight and Henry is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Joseph, and Abigail. "Abigail is a knight," Olivia mentioned. Joseph expressed that Joseph is a knight and Abigail is a knight. Abigail said, "Olivia is a knave or Joseph is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knight, Joseph is a knave, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knight

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave or Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Olivia is a knave or Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Abigail is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('lying', 0), ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Zoey, and Jacob. Mia commented, "Jacob is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight". As Zoey put it, "Jacob is a knave or Mia is a knight". "Zoey is a knave," Jacob mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knave, Zoey is a knave, and Jacob is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) Jacob is a knight

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jacob is a knave or Mia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Jacob is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave or Mia is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave or Mia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Samuel, and Luke. Isabella commented, "Luke is a knave or Samuel is a knave". "Isabella is a knave," Samuel mentioned. Luke stated, "Luke is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knave, Samuel is a knight, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Luke is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Luke is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Luke is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Luke is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel and Luke, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Riley, and William. Joseph said that If Riley is a knave then Riley is a knight. "William is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave" - Riley. William said that Riley is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knight, Riley is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) William is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knave then Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Benjamin, and William. Evelyn said that If Benjamin is a knight then William is a knight. In a statement by Benjamin: "Evelyn is not a knave". William commented, "Evelyn is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knight
(3) William is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then William is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('lying', 0)), ('telling-truth', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Noah, and Abigail. Sophia commented, "Sophia is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave". As Noah put it, "Sophia is a knight". Abigail was heard saying, "Noah is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knave, Noah is a knave, and Abigail is a knave.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Noah is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knave

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Sophia is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Sophia is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is not a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Luke, and Samuel. "Samuel is not a knight" - Daniel. "Samuel is not a knave," Luke declared. "Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight," Samuel mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knight, Luke is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) Luke is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Samuel is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is not a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: David, Daniel, and Abigail. "Daniel is a knight and Daniel is a knave" - David. "Abigail is a knight and David is a knight," Daniel declared. Abigail told you that David is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

David is a knave, Daniel is a knave, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) David is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knight

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight and Daniel is a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight and Daniel is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knight and David is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight and David is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('lying', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, David, and Jackson. In a statement by Riley: "If David is a knave then Jackson is a knight". David was heard saying, "Jackson is a knave". "David is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight," Jackson claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knight, David is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) David is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If David is a knave then Jackson is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of David that Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Amelia, and Jackson. As Alexander put it, "Jackson is a knight or Jackson is a knave". Amelia commented, "Jackson is a knave or Jackson is a knight". Jackson remarked, "Amelia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knight, Amelia is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Alexander is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Amelia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is a knave or Jackson is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave or Jackson is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Benjamin, and Lucas. In a statement by Michael: "If Lucas is a knave then Benjamin is a knight". Benjamin remarked, "Lucas is a knave or Michael is a knight". "Michael is a knave," Lucas declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, and Lucas is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Emily, and Victoria. William expressed that Emily is a knight. Emily was heard saying, "Victoria is a knight and William is a knave". According to Victoria, "William is a knight or Emily is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knave, Emily is a knave, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight and William is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of William that Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight and William is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Victoria is a knight and William is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight or Emily is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Jacob, and Victoria. "Joseph is a knight and Jacob is a knight," Joseph claimed. As Jacob put it, "Joseph is a knave and Victoria is a knave". Victoria told you that Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knave, Jacob is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Joseph is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight and Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave and Victoria is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Joseph is a knight and Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave and Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Joseph is a knave and Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave and Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sofia, Grace, and Henry. As Sofia put it, "Sofia is a knight and Henry is a knight". Grace expressed that If Henry is a knight then Grace is a knight. According to Henry, "Grace is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sofia is a knave, Grace is a knight, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Sofia is a knave
(2) Grace is a knight
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Sofia is a knight and Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Henry is a knight then Grace is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Amelia, and Jackson. Mia said that Amelia is not a knave. Amelia commented, "Mia is a knight or Mia is a knave". Jackson said, "If Mia is a knight then Mia is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knight, Amelia is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight or Mia is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Mia is a knight then Mia is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mia is a knight then Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Luke, and Michael. In a statement by Penelope: "Luke is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave". "Penelope is a knight and Luke is a knight," Luke claimed. Michael asserted: "Michael is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Michael is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Luke is a knight
(3) Michael is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight and Luke is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ethan, Scarlett, and Sophia. In a statement by Ethan: "Ethan is a knight or Sophia is a knave". Scarlett asserted: "Ethan is a knave". Sophia asserted: "Scarlett is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Sophia is a knight

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: David, Zoey, and Charlotte. David commented, "Charlotte is a knave and Zoey is a knave". "Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight," Zoey mentioned. In Charlotte's words: "Zoey is a knight or David is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

David is a knave, Zoey is a knight, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) David is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knight
(3) Charlotte is a knight

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of David that Charlotte is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Zoey is a knight or David is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider David.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight or David is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave or Charlotte is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Riley, and Avery. Sebastian remarked, "Avery is not a knave". Riley said that If Avery is a knave then Sebastian is a knight. In a statement by Avery: "Riley is a knave or Avery is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Riley is a knight, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Avery is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave or Avery is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knave then Sebastian is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Liam, and Aiden. In a statement by Aurora: "Aiden is a knave and Liam is a knave". As Liam put it, "Aurora is a knave and Aiden is a knight". "If Aurora is a knave then Aiden is a knight," Aiden mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knave, Liam is a knight, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Aurora is a knave
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knight

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave and Liam is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Aiden is a knave and Liam is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Aurora is a knave then Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave and Liam is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knave then Aiden is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave and Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Jacob, and Emma. Ava noted, "Emma is a knave and Emma is a knight". "Emma is a knight or Jacob is a knight" - Jacob. Emma remarked, "Emma is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knave, Jacob is a knave, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knave
(3) Emma is a knave

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that Emma is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Emma is a knight or Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Emma is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight or Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Sophia, and Lily. "Sophia is a knight" - Luke. Sophia was heard saying, "Luke is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight". In Lily's words: "Luke is a knight or Sophia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knave, Sophia is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knave
(2) Sophia is a knave
(3) Lily is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight or Sophia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Riley, and Jackson. Mia said that Mia is a knight or Jackson is a knight. "Jackson is a knight" - Riley. Jackson told you that Riley is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knave, Riley is a knave, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight or Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Riley is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that Riley is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight or Jackson is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Mia is a knight or Jackson is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Abigail, and Ella. Penelope said, "Ella is a knave and Penelope is a knight." Abigail said, "Abigail is a knight or Ella is a knave." Ella commented, "If Ella is a knight then Abigail is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knave, Abigail is a knight, and Ella is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knave
(2) Abigail is a knight
(3) Ella is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Ella is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Ella is a knight then Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Abigail is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight or Ella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Matthew, and Lily. Liam was heard saying, "If Lily is a knight then Liam is a knight". As Matthew put it, "If Matthew is a knight then Lily is a knave". Lily was heard saying, "Lily is a knight and Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Liam is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Lily is a knave

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Liam is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight and Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Matthew is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Matthew is a knight then Lily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight and Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aria, Zoey, and Sophia. Aria was heard saying, "Sophia is a knave and Zoey is a knight". Zoey noted, "Sophia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave". "Aria is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight," Sophia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria is a knave, Zoey is a knave, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Aria is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) Sophia is a knight

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Sophia is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Sophia is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey and Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emily, Sebastian, and Jack. In a statement by Emily: "Jack is a knight or Sebastian is a knave". Sebastian asserted: "Sebastian is a knight and Jack is a knight". "If Jack is a knight then Sebastian is a knave" - Jack. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that If Jack is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight and Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Matthew, and Liam. Avery said that If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knight. Matthew was heard saying, "Liam is a knight or Matthew is a knight". Liam remarked, "If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knight then Avery is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, William, and Samuel. "Samuel is not a knave" - James. "William is a knight or Samuel is a knave," William mentioned. Samuel said that James is a knave if and only if James is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knave, William is a knight, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) James is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that Samuel is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Samuel is not a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight or Samuel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Sophia, and Emily. "Emily is not a knave," Lucas claimed. "Lucas is a knight or Emily is a knave," Sophia declared. Emily commented, "Sophia is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Emily is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Emily is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Emily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Luke, and Grace. Aurora noted, "If Aurora is a knight then Grace is a knave". "Grace is not a knave" - Luke. Grace said, "Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knight, Luke is a knave, and Grace is a knave.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Luke is a knave
(3) Grace is a knave

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Grace is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that If Aurora is a knight then Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is not a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knave.