A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Logan, and David. Isabella commented, "Logan is a knave". In Logan's words: "Isabella is a knight and Isabella is a knave". "If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight," David claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knight, Logan is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) David is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight and Isabella is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Abigail, Zoey, and Ethan. Abigail stated, "Ethan is not a knight". "Ethan is a knave" - Zoey. Ethan noted, "Abigail is a knave or Abigail is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knave, Zoey is a knave, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Ethan is not a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Abigail is a knave or Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave or Abigail is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Jack, and Aiden. Matthew told you that Jack is a knight. In a statement by Jack: "If Matthew is a knave then Aiden is a knight". Aiden said that If Jack is a knight then Matthew is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, Jack is a knight, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knight

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Aiden is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Matthew is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Ava, and David. Chloe said that Ava is a knave and Chloe is a knight. "Chloe is a knight," Ava claimed. David expressed that Chloe is a knave or Ava is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, Ava is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) David is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Ava is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave or Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Henry, Abigail, and Sofia. "If Henry is a knight then Sofia is a knight," Henry declared. In a statement by Abigail: "Sofia is not a knight". In Sofia's words: "If Abigail is a knight then Sofia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry is a knight, Abigail is a knave, and Sofia is a knight.

(1) Henry is a knight
(2) Abigail is a knave
(3) Sofia is a knight

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Henry is a knight then Sofia is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knight then Sofia is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is not a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is not a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Sofia, and Lucas. Luke noted, "Lucas is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight". Sofia asserted: "Lucas is not a knave". In Lucas's words: "Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Sofia is a knave, and Lucas is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Sofia is a knave
(3) Lucas is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Lucas is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Avery, and Emily. Samuel said, "Avery is a knave." "Emily is a knight," Avery mentioned. "If Avery is a knave then Samuel is a knight," Emily claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, Avery is a knight, and Emily is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Emily is a knight

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Avery is a knave then Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily and Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knave then Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Lucas, and Jackson. Mason was heard saying, "Lucas is not a knight". "If Lucas is a knight then Jackson is a knave," Lucas declared. According to Jackson, "Lucas is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knave, Lucas is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Lucas is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is not a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Lucas is not a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Lucas is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is not a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that If Lucas is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, William, and Alexander. Lily expressed that Lily is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight. William said, "If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave." Alexander said that Alexander is a knight and Lily is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, William is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knight and Lily is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Lily is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight and Lily is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Ella, and Ethan. Penelope noted, "If Penelope is a knight then Ella is a knight". Ella asserted: "Ethan is not a knight". Ethan was heard saying, "Ethan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, Ella is a knight, and Ethan is a knave.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knave

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 2))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jackson, Elizabeth, and Sophia. In a statement by Jackson: "If Sophia is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave". Elizabeth remarked, "Sophia is a knave". Sophia asserted: "Jackson is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, and Sophia is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Sophia is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is not a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jackson, Logan, and Victoria. Jackson told you that If Logan is a knave then Victoria is a knave. "Jackson is a knave or Jackson is a knight," Logan mentioned. Victoria remarked, "Jackson is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knight, Logan is a knight, and Victoria is a knight.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knight

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knave then Victoria is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave or Jackson is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Oliver, Jack, and Owen. According to Oliver, "If Owen is a knight then Jack is a knave". Jack was heard saying, "Oliver is a knight and Oliver is a knave". Owen remarked, "Jack is a knave or Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver is a knight, Jack is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) Jack is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Jack is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave or Oliver is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that If Owen is a knight then Jack is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight and Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Lily, and Riley. Avery said, "Lily is a knight or Lily is a knave." Lily commented, "Avery is a knave and Riley is a knave". Riley said that If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knight, Lily is a knave, and Riley is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Lily is a knave
(3) Riley is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight or Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knave and Riley is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave and Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Daniel, and Penelope. Olivia said that If Daniel is a knave then Daniel is a knight. "Daniel is a knight or Olivia is a knave," Daniel mentioned. In Penelope's words: "Olivia is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knight, Daniel is a knight, and Penelope is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Penelope is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knave then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Olivia is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is not a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Alexander, and Mia. Avery was heard saying, "Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave". "Mia is a knave or Avery is a knight," Alexander mentioned. "Alexander is a knight or Mia is a knight" - Mia. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Alexander is a knave, and Mia is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knave
(3) Mia is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Mia is a knave or Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Avery is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave or Avery is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Mia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, David, and Aurora. In a statement by Avery: "Aurora is a knight and Avery is a knight". "Aurora is a knight or Aurora is a knave," David mentioned. "Aurora is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight" - Aurora. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knight, David is a knight, and Aurora is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) David is a knight
(3) Aurora is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight and Avery is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Aurora is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Luke, and Benjamin. "Benjamin is a knight or Luke is a knave," Owen claimed. Luke asserted: "Owen is a knave". Benjamin said that Owen is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Luke is a knave, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Luke is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight or Luke is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Benjamin is a knight or Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, James, and Michael. "James is not a knight," Jacob declared. "Michael is a knight and James is a knight" - James. "Jacob is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight," Michael declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, James is a knight, and Michael is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) James is a knight
(3) Michael is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that James is not a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight and James is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jacob is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael and James, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is not a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight and James is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, Zoey, and Jack. "Zoey is a knight and Jack is a knave," Aiden mentioned. Zoey stated, "Jack is a knave and Zoey is a knight". Jack was heard saying, "If Zoey is a knight then Aiden is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knave, Zoey is a knave, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight and Jack is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Zoey is a knight and Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Zoey is a knight then Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Zoey is a knight and Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight and Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Jack is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Zoey is a knight and Jack is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knight then Aiden is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Emma, and Grace. In a statement by Chloe: "Chloe is a knight or Grace is a knight". According to Emma, "Grace is a knight and Chloe is a knight". Grace said, "Chloe is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, Emma is a knave, and Grace is a knave.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Grace is a knave

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Chloe is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Chloe is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knight and Chloe is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight and Chloe is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Jacob, and Aurora. Riley expressed that Riley is a knight and Aurora is a knave. "Riley is a knave," Jacob claimed. Aurora expressed that Jacob is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knave, Jacob is a knight, and Aurora is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knight
(3) Aurora is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight and Aurora is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Riley is a knight and Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aurora that Jacob is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob and Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight and Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Emma, and Aiden. Mason expressed that Aiden is a knight and Aiden is a knave. Emma asserted: "Aiden is not a knight". According to Aiden, "Emma is a knight or Emma is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knave, Emma is a knave, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Aiden is a knight

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Aurora, and Noah. In Samuel's words: "If Aurora is a knight then Samuel is a knight". As Aurora put it, "Samuel is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave". Noah noted, "Aurora is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knight, Aurora is a knave, and Noah is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knight
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) Noah is a knight

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Aurora, and Jackson. "Aurora is not a knave" - Emma. Aurora said that If Jackson is a knight then Aurora is a knight. Jackson told you that Emma is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Aurora is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Amelia, and Lily. According to Harper, "Lily is a knave and Lily is a knight". "Amelia is a knight and Lily is a knave," Amelia claimed. Lily said, "Harper is a knave and Amelia is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knave, Amelia is a knave, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Harper is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knave
(3) Lily is a knave

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave and Lily is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave and Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knight and Lily is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Harper is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Harper is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight and Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Elizabeth, and Noah. As Evelyn put it, "Elizabeth is not a knight". In Elizabeth's words: "Noah is a knight and Evelyn is a knight". "Noah is a knight and Evelyn is a knight," Noah claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, Elizabeth is a knave, and Noah is a knave.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knave
(3) Noah is a knave

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Noah is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Riley, Daniel, and Olivia. Riley said, "Olivia is a knave or Olivia is a knight." Daniel told you that Olivia is a knave or Olivia is a knight. "Olivia is a knight and Riley is a knave," Olivia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley is a knight, Daniel is a knight, and Olivia is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Olivia is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave or Olivia is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave or Olivia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Scarlett, and Henry. Mia told you that Scarlett is a knight. "If Scarlett is a knight then Mia is a knight" - Scarlett. Henry stated, "Scarlett is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knight
(3) Henry is a knight

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Scarlett is a knight then Mia is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Victoria, and Charlotte. William commented, "William is a knight and Victoria is a knave". "William is not a knave," Victoria mentioned. Charlotte told you that William is a knight or Victoria is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knave, Victoria is a knave, and Charlotte is a knave.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that William is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that William is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is not a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is not a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 1)), ('not', ('lying', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Evelyn, and Mia. "If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight" - Sophia. Evelyn noted, "Mia is a knave". Mia said that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knave, Evelyn is a knight, and Mia is a knave.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Evelyn is a knight
(3) Mia is a knave

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Amelia, Riley, and Isabella. Amelia told you that Riley is a knight or Isabella is a knave. Riley commented, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave". As Isabella put it, "Amelia is a knight or Isabella is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia is a knave, Riley is a knave, and Isabella is a knight.

(1) Amelia is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Isabella is a knight

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Riley is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Amelia is a knight or Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella and Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that Riley is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Isabella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Owen, and Benjamin. In Harper's words: "Benjamin is not a knave". In a statement by Owen: "Benjamin is a knave and Owen is a knight". Benjamin expressed that Owen is a knight and Harper is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knave, Owen is a knave, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Harper is a knave
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knave

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Benjamin is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Owen is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave and Owen is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Grace, Amelia, and Oliver. Grace commented, "Amelia is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight". Amelia said that If Oliver is a knight then Grace is a knave. In Oliver's words: "Amelia is a knight and Amelia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knave, Amelia is a knight, and Oliver is a knave.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Oliver is a knave

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knight then Grace is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knight and Amelia is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight and Amelia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aiden, Sophia, and Ava. Aiden told you that Sophia is a knight or Ava is a knight. Sophia commented, "Aiden is a knave if and only if Ava is a knave". Ava asserted: "If Sophia is a knave then Sophia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Ava is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight or Ava is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if Ava is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knave then Sophia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Victoria, Sofia, and Scarlett. Victoria said that Sofia is a knave and Scarlett is a knave. "Victoria is a knave or Scarlett is a knight," Sofia declared. "Sofia is not a knight" - Scarlett. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria is a knave, Sofia is a knight, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) Victoria is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave and Scarlett is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Sofia is a knave and Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave or Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Sofia is a knave and Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sofia is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett and Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave and Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is not a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Daniel, Oliver, and Riley. Daniel said, "Daniel is a knight or Riley is a knave." Oliver commented, "Daniel is not a knave". Riley asserted: "Daniel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel is a knave, Oliver is a knave, and Riley is a knight.

(1) Daniel is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knave
(3) Riley is a knight

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Daniel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Noah, Mia, and Mason. Noah told you that Noah is a knight or Mason is a knight. Mia noted, "Noah is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave". Mason expressed that Mia is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah is a knave, Mia is a knave, and Mason is a knave.

(1) Noah is a knave
(2) Mia is a knave
(3) Mason is a knave

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Mason is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Mia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that Mia is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Noah is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia and Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight or Mason is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Noah is a knight or Mason is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Ava, and Lucas. According to Scarlett, "Ava is a knave if and only if Ava is a knight". Ava said that Lucas is a knight or Scarlett is a knight. In Lucas's words: "Scarlett is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knave, Ava is a knight, and Lucas is a knight.

(1) Scarlett is a knave
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knight

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave if and only if Ava is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave if and only if Ava is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

(('<=>', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Joseph, and Sebastian. "Joseph is a knave or Sebastian is a knave" - Jack. "Joseph is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave," Joseph mentioned. Sebastian noted, "If Joseph is a knave then Jack is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knight, Joseph is a knave, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Sebastian is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Joseph is a knave or Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Joseph is a knave then Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Joseph is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Joseph is a knave then Jack is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Avery, and Logan. Mason was heard saying, "Logan is a knight". Avery told you that Logan is a knight and Mason is a knave. Logan commented, "If Avery is a knight then Logan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knight, Avery is a knave, and Logan is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Logan is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Logan is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight and Mason is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 0)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Matthew, and James. In a statement by Chloe: "If Matthew is a knave then Matthew is a knight". Matthew asserted: "If Chloe is a knave then James is a knight". James commented, "Chloe is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and James is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) James is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then James is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Victoria, and Grace. According to Michael, "Victoria is a knave or Victoria is a knight". In Victoria's words: "Michael is a knave and Victoria is a knight". Grace said that Michael is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Victoria is a knave, and Grace is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Grace is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Victoria is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Logan, Amelia, and Sofia. In a statement by Logan: "Amelia is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knave". According to Amelia, "Logan is a knave and Logan is a knight". Sofia asserted: "Amelia is a knave or Logan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan is a knave, Amelia is a knave, and Sofia is a knight.

(1) Logan is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knave
(3) Sofia is a knight

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knave and Logan is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Logan is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave or Logan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jackson, Ella, and Oliver. "Oliver is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave," Jackson declared. Ella remarked, "Jackson is a knight". As Oliver put it, "Ella is a knave or Jackson is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knave, Ella is a knave, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Jackson is a knave
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Oliver is a knight

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave or Jackson is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, James, and Avery. Mia said that James is a knight and James is a knave. James was heard saying, "Avery is a knight". Avery expressed that If Avery is a knight then Mia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knave, James is a knight, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) James is a knight
(3) Avery is a knight

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight and James is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and James is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, James, and Emma. Michael was heard saying, "James is not a knave". James said that Emma is a knight if and only if James is a knight. "Michael is a knight," Emma claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, James is a knight, and Emma is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) James is a knight
(3) Emma is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Lily, and Mason. As Matthew put it, "Matthew is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave". In Lily's words: "Matthew is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight". Mason said, "Matthew is not a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, Lily is a knight, and Mason is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Lily is a knight
(3) Mason is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Matthew is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is not a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Amelia, and Zoey. As Samuel put it, "Amelia is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave". "Amelia is a knight or Samuel is a knave" - Amelia. "If Zoey is a knight then Samuel is a knave," Zoey claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, Amelia is a knight, and Zoey is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knight

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Samuel is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Amelia is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Zoey is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight or Samuel is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Zoey is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Amelia is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knight then Samuel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Scarlett, and Grace. Jacob noted, "Scarlett is a knight or Grace is a knave". "Grace is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight," Scarlett claimed. As Grace put it, "Scarlett is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, and Grace is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Grace is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is not a knight.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Grace is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Scarlett is a knight or Grace is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Grace is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace and Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight or Grace is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Scarlett is a knight or Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Avery, and Aiden. Lucas commented, "If Aiden is a knight then Aiden is a knave". Avery expressed that If Aiden is a knave then Aiden is a knight. Aiden noted, "Lucas is a knight or Avery is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Avery is a knight, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that If Aiden is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lucas is a knight or Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aiden is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knave then Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Mason, and Joseph. In Scarlett's words: "Joseph is a knight". Mason remarked, "Scarlett is a knight or Joseph is a knave". Joseph remarked, "Mason is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knight, Mason is a knight, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Scarlett is a knight
(2) Mason is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knight

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Joseph is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Alexander, and Owen. Emma stated, "Owen is not a knave". Alexander commented, "Owen is not a knave". As Owen put it, "Emma is a knave and Alexander is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knave, Alexander is a knave, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Emma is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knave
(3) Owen is a knave

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that Owen is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave and Alexander is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Scarlett, and Victoria. In a statement by Lily: "Victoria is a knight and Scarlett is a knave". Scarlett said that Victoria is a knave and Lily is a knight. Victoria said that Scarlett is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Victoria is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Scarlett is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Victoria is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave and Lily is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Victoria is a knight and Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave and Lily is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, Alexander, and Mia. "Alexander is a knave or Mia is a knave," Lily claimed. Alexander told you that If Mia is a knave then Lily is a knave. "Alexander is a knight if and only if Lily is a knave," Mia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Mia is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Mia is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Mia is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mia is a knave then Lily is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Alexander is a knave or Mia is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that If Mia is a knave then Lily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mia is a knave then Lily is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Alexander that If Mia is a knave then Lily is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knight if and only if Lily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia and Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave or Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Victoria, and Charlotte. In Owen's words: "Charlotte is a knight and Victoria is a knight". Victoria noted, "Owen is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave". According to Charlotte, "Owen is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knave, Victoria is a knave, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight and Victoria is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is not a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Charlotte is a knight and Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Owen that Charlotte is a knight and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Owen, and Grace. Sebastian asserted: "Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave". In a statement by Owen: "Grace is a knight or Owen is a knight". According to Grace, "If Owen is a knight then Sebastian is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knave, Owen is a knight, and Grace is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knave
(2) Owen is a knight
(3) Grace is a knight

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or Owen is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, Daniel, and Aria. James remarked, "Daniel is a knight". Daniel was heard saying, "James is a knight and James is a knave". In Aria's words: "James is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knave, Daniel is a knave, and Aria is a knight.

(1) James is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Aria is a knight

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight and James is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and James is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)), ('lying', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Benjamin, and Daniel. Scarlett stated, "Daniel is a knave and Scarlett is a knight". Benjamin expressed that Daniel is a knight or Scarlett is a knave. Daniel noted, "Benjamin is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knave
(2) Benjamin is a knight
(3) Daniel is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Daniel is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Daniel that Benjamin is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin and Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Daniel is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Luke, and Owen. According to Evelyn, "Luke is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight". Luke was heard saying, "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave". Owen expressed that Luke is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Luke is a knight
(3) Owen is a knave

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jacob, Daniel, and Victoria. "If Jacob is a knight then Daniel is a knight," Jacob mentioned. Daniel noted, "If Jacob is a knight then Daniel is a knight". "Daniel is a knave," Victoria claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knight, Daniel is a knight, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Jacob is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knave

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Jack, and Zoey. According to Mia, "Jack is a knight". According to Jack, "Jack is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight". "Mia is not a knight," Zoey declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knight, Jack is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is not a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is not a knight.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Abigail, and David. Ava commented, "David is a knight or Abigail is a knight". In a statement by Abigail: "Ava is a knight and Ava is a knave". David was heard saying, "Abigail is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knave, Abigail is a knave, and David is a knave.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Abigail is a knave
(3) David is a knave

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight and Ava is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of David that Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider David.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that David is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail and David, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that David is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that David is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight and Ava is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Mason, and Amelia. Elizabeth noted, "Mason is a knave". According to Mason, "Amelia is a knave". "Elizabeth is a knight or Elizabeth is a knave," Amelia claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth is a knight, Mason is a knave, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knight
(2) Mason is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Elizabeth is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Amelia, Alexander, and Mason. Amelia remarked, "Mason is a knave and Amelia is a knight". In Alexander's words: "Amelia is a knave or Mason is a knight". "If Amelia is a knight then Alexander is a knave," Mason claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Mason is a knight.

(1) Amelia is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Mason is a knight

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Mason is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Amelia is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knave or Mason is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that If Amelia is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander and Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave or Mason is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Chloe, and Daniel. In a statement by Liam: "Daniel is a knave and Chloe is a knave". Chloe said, "Liam is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight." Daniel asserted: "Chloe is a knight or Liam is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Chloe is a knight, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Daniel is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight or Liam is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Daniel is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe and Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Liam is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Oliver, and Jacob. "Owen is a knight" - Owen. Oliver expressed that Jacob is not a knave. In Jacob's words: "If Oliver is a knight then Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Oliver is a knight, and Jacob is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is not a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knight then Owen is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 0), ('not', ('lying', 2)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Victoria, and Grace. As Charlotte put it, "Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight". Victoria noted, "Grace is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knight". Grace told you that Victoria is a knave or Charlotte is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knave, Victoria is a knave, and Grace is a knight.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave and Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Grace is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Victoria is a knave or Charlotte is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Charlotte is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Isabella, and Daniel. Ava said, "Isabella is not a knave." "Daniel is not a knight" - Isabella. "Ava is a knight or Isabella is a knave," Daniel declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knave, Isabella is a knave, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ava is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Isabella is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight or Isabella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Jack, Ava, and James. In Jack's words: "Ava is a knight and Jack is a knight". Ava noted, "James is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight". James commented, "Ava is a knave if and only if James is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knave, Ava is a knave, and James is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) James is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that James is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ava is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Ava is a knight and Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight and Jack is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that James is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that James is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave if and only if James is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Penelope, and Oliver. Michael commented, "Penelope is a knave". As Penelope put it, "Oliver is a knave and Michael is a knight". In a statement by Oliver: "If Michael is a knave then Michael is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Penelope is a knave, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Penelope is a knave
(3) Oliver is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Matthew, and Isabella. Liam was heard saying, "Matthew is a knight and Isabella is a knight". Matthew told you that Liam is a knave. Isabella remarked, "If Matthew is a knight then Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Isabella is a knave.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Isabella is a knave

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Liam is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Matthew is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Matthew is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knight then Matthew is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Ella, and Emma. Mason told you that Emma is a knight or Ella is a knight. Ella was heard saying, "Mason is a knave". Emma was heard saying, "If Mason is a knave then Ella is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knight, Ella is a knave, and Emma is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Emma is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Logan, and Alexander. "Logan is a knave," Evelyn mentioned. Logan remarked, "Logan is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave". "Evelyn is a knight," Alexander claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knave, Logan is a knight, and Alexander is a knave.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knave

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Logan is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Logan is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Amelia, and Benjamin. "Amelia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave," Samuel declared. Amelia said, "Benjamin is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight." "Samuel is a knave or Amelia is a knave," Benjamin mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, Amelia is a knave, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Amelia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Amelia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Samuel is a knave or Amelia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave or Amelia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Olivia, and Noah. In a statement by Alexander: "Alexander is a knight or Noah is a knave". "Noah is a knight" - Olivia. Noah remarked, "Alexander is a knight and Alexander is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knight, Olivia is a knave, and Noah is a knave.

(1) Alexander is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Noah is a knave

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knight and Alexander is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knight and Alexander is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)))