A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Matthew, and James. Liam noted, "Liam is a knight". Matthew was heard saying, "Liam is a knave or James is a knight". "If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave," James claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and James is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) James is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or James is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Liam is a knave or James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave or James is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Liam is a knave or James is a knight.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Chloe, and Ethan. "If Chloe is a knave then Ethan is a knight," Emma declared. "Emma is a knight or Ethan is a knight," Chloe declared. "Chloe is a knave or Chloe is a knight," Ethan claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Chloe is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then Ethan is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave or Chloe is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Daniel, and Benjamin. Penelope said that Penelope is a knight. "Penelope is a knight," Daniel claimed. According to Benjamin, "If Benjamin is a knight then Daniel is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knave, Daniel is a knave, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Benjamin is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Benjamin is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Penelope is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 0), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Samuel, and Ava. "Ava is a knight," Olivia mentioned. In Samuel's words: "Samuel is a knight and Ava is a knight". Ava stated, "Samuel is a knight and Samuel is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knave, Samuel is a knave, and Ava is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Ava is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Ava is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Ava is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knight and Ava is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight and Ava is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Zoey, Aria, and Benjamin. "Benjamin is not a knave," Zoey declared. Aria noted, "Zoey is a knave". Benjamin noted, "Aria is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knight, Aria is a knave, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Aria is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Logan, and Joseph. "Logan is a knave," Matthew mentioned. According to Logan, "Joseph is a knight". In a statement by Joseph: "Logan is a knave and Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, Logan is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Joseph is a knight.

(('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Joseph, and Jackson. Ava said, "Jackson is a knight if and only if Ava is a knight." Joseph asserted: "Jackson is a knave or Ava is a knave". In a statement by Jackson: "Joseph is a knave and Ava is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knight, Joseph is a knave, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knight
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Jackson is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Ava is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave and Ava is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knave or Ava is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave or Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Penelope, Abigail, and Zoey. "Zoey is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave," Penelope mentioned. Abigail asserted: "Zoey is a knave if and only if Zoey is a knight". "Abigail is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight," Zoey mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope is a knight, Abigail is a knave, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Abigail is a knave
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Zoey is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave if and only if Zoey is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Avery, and Henry. Owen commented, "Avery is a knight". In a statement by Avery: "Henry is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight". Henry said that If Owen is a knight then Owen is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Avery is a knight, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Henry is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Henry is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Owen is a knight then Owen is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Michael, and Samuel. Scarlett remarked, "If Michael is a knave then Scarlett is a knight". "If Samuel is a knave then Scarlett is a knave," Michael mentioned. "Samuel is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave," Samuel mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knight, Michael is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knight
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that If Samuel is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Samuel is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that If Samuel is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Liam, and Henry. Lucas said, "Liam is not a knight." Liam noted, "Henry is a knight". Henry commented, "Liam is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Liam is a knight, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Henry is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Liam is not a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Henry is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is not a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Avery, and Liam. Emma was heard saying, "Emma is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave". Avery asserted: "Emma is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave". Liam noted, "If Avery is a knight then Liam is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Avery is a knave, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that Emma is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Liam is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Logan, and Scarlett. "Scarlett is a knave," Matthew declared. Logan said, "Matthew is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight." "Logan is a knight if and only if Logan is a knave" - Scarlett. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knight, Logan is a knight, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight if and only if Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Olivia, and William. As Luke put it, "Luke is a knight if and only if William is a knight". Olivia told you that William is a knave. William commented, "If Luke is a knave then Olivia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Olivia is a knave, and William is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) William is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight if and only if William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Mia, and Olivia. In Emma's words: "Olivia is a knight or Emma is a knight". Mia expressed that Emma is a knight or Olivia is a knight. As Olivia put it, "Emma is a knave or Mia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Mia is a knight, and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Mia is a knight
(3) Olivia is a knight

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight or Emma is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave or Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Mia, and William. "William is a knave if and only if William is a knight," Sebastian claimed. Mia asserted: "Sebastian is a knave and Sebastian is a knight". William noted, "If Sebastian is a knight then William is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knave, Mia is a knave, and William is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knave
(2) Mia is a knave
(3) William is a knight

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knave if and only if William is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave if and only if William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then William is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knave and Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave and Sebastian is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Samuel, Daniel, and Olivia. Samuel said that Samuel is a knight and Olivia is a knight. "Samuel is a knight or Samuel is a knave," Daniel mentioned. According to Olivia, "Daniel is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel is a knave, Daniel is a knight, and Olivia is a knave.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Olivia is a knave

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight and Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Samuel is a knight or Samuel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Samuel is a knight and Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight and Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Samuel is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Grace, Lucas, and Joseph. Grace asserted: "Joseph is a knight". Lucas said, "Grace is a knight." Joseph expressed that Grace is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knight, Lucas is a knight, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knight
(2) Lucas is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Jacob, and Aria. Alexander said that Aria is not a knave. "Aria is not a knave," Jacob claimed. "Jacob is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight" - Aria. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knave, Jacob is a knave, and Aria is a knave.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knave
(3) Aria is a knave

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Aria is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is not a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Alexander that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Grace, and William. "William is a knave and William is a knight" - Luke. Grace asserted: "Luke is a knight". William noted, "Luke is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knave, Grace is a knave, and William is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) William is a knight

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knave and William is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave and William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is not a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Daniel, and Zoey. Charlotte stated, "Zoey is a knight or Zoey is a knave". "If Charlotte is a knave then Zoey is a knave," Daniel declared. Zoey noted, "Charlotte is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knight, Daniel is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is not a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is not a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Charlotte is a knave then Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ella, Aurora, and Harper. According to Ella, "Harper is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight". Aurora commented, "Harper is not a knave". Harper remarked, "Ella is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knave, Aurora is a knave, and Harper is a knave.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) Harper is a knave

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is not a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Harper is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora and Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that Harper is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Scarlett, and Charlotte. As Chloe put it, "If Scarlett is a knight then Scarlett is a knave". Scarlett commented, "Scarlett is a knight or Charlotte is a knave". Charlotte said that Chloe is a knave and Chloe is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, and Charlotte is a knave.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Scarlett is a knight
(3) Charlotte is a knave

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Scarlett is a knight then Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that If Scarlett is a knight then Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Scarlett is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte and Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Scarlett is a knight then Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave and Chloe is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Grace, and Charlotte. Liam commented, "If Grace is a knave then Charlotte is a knave". "Grace is a knight and Charlotte is a knave," Grace declared. Charlotte told you that If Grace is a knight then Liam is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Grace is a knave, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight and Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Grace is a knight and Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Grace is a knight then Liam is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight and Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that If Grace is a knave then Charlotte is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Grace is a knave then Charlotte is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that If Grace is a knave then Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knight then Liam is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Evelyn, and Emma. Olivia said that Emma is a knave or Evelyn is a knave. "Emma is not a knight" - Evelyn. According to Emma, "If Olivia is a knight then Olivia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knight
(3) Emma is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave or Evelyn is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Olivia is a knight then Olivia is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Olivia is a knight then Olivia is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Daniel, and Sophia. Harper commented, "If Daniel is a knight then Sophia is a knave". In Daniel's words: "Sophia is a knight". Sophia asserted: "If Sophia is a knight then Daniel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knave, Daniel is a knight, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Harper is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Sophia is a knight

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Sophia is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that If Daniel is a knight then Sophia is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Daniel that Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Sophia is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia and Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Daniel is a knight then Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knight then Daniel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Charlotte, Victoria, and Liam. Charlotte was heard saying, "Liam is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knight". Victoria said that Charlotte is a knight. In a statement by Liam: "If Charlotte is a knave then Charlotte is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte is a knight, Victoria is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Charlotte is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Charlotte is a knave then Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Olivia, Henry, and Aiden. Olivia said, "If Olivia is a knight then Aiden is a knave." Henry remarked, "If Aiden is a knight then Olivia is a knave". Aiden asserted: "Henry is a knave and Aiden is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia is a knight, Henry is a knight, and Aiden is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that If Olivia is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave and Aiden is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knight then Olivia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Aria, and Abigail. Chloe said, "Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave." According to Aria, "If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight". Abigail asserted: "Aria is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, Aria is a knave, and Abigail is a knave.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Aria is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knave

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that If Abigail is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail and Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Aria is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Olivia, and Elizabeth. Sophia noted, "Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knight". As Olivia put it, "If Sophia is a knave then Olivia is a knight". Elizabeth commented, "Sophia is a knight or Olivia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knave, Olivia is a knight, and Elizabeth is a knave.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Elizabeth is a knave

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Sophia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knight or Olivia is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight or Olivia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, Lucas, and Grace. In James's words: "Grace is a knight or Lucas is a knave". Lucas asserted: "James is a knight and James is a knave". Grace remarked, "James is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knight, Lucas is a knave, and Grace is a knight.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Lucas is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or Lucas is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight and James is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and James is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ethan, Matthew, and Sebastian. In Ethan's words: "Sebastian is not a knave". "Ethan is a knave," Matthew mentioned. Sebastian was heard saying, "Ethan is a knave and Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Ethan is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Sebastian is a knave

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave and Matthew is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Sebastian is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Sebastian is not a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave and Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Sophia, and Aurora. "Sophia is not a knave" - Liam. As Sophia put it, "Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight". Aurora told you that Sophia is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Sophia is a knave, and Aurora is a knave.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Sophia is a knave
(3) Aurora is a knave

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Sophia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Zoey, and Ethan. "Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knave," Liam declared. Zoey asserted: "Liam is not a knave". As Ethan put it, "Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knave, Zoey is a knave, and Ethan is a knave.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knave

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Liam is not a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is not a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 1)), ('not', ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: David, Ethan, and Emily. In David's words: "Ethan is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight". "Emily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight," Ethan mentioned. According to Emily, "Ethan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

David is a knave, Ethan is a knave, and Emily is a knave.

(1) David is a knave
(2) Ethan is a knave
(3) Emily is a knave

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Luke, Scarlett, and Benjamin. Luke noted, "Scarlett is a knight or Scarlett is a knave". "Luke is a knight if and only if Luke is a knave," Scarlett claimed. Benjamin asserted: "Scarlett is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knight if and only if Luke is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Luke is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Joseph, Ava, and Jack. Joseph asserted: "Ava is a knight or Jack is a knave". "Jack is a knight or Jack is a knave," Ava claimed. Jack stated, "Ava is a knight and Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knight, Ava is a knight, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Jack is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight or Jack is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Jack is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Evelyn, and Joseph. In Lucas's words: "If Evelyn is a knight then Evelyn is a knave". In a statement by Evelyn: "Lucas is a knight and Lucas is a knave". "Lucas is a knight and Evelyn is a knight," Joseph declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Lucas is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knave

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that If Evelyn is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Lucas is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Riley, and Jack. "Riley is a knight and Jack is a knight" - Avery. As Riley put it, "Avery is not a knight". "Jack is a knight and Riley is a knight" - Jack. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Riley is a knight, and Jack is a knave.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Jack is a knave

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is not a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Riley is a knight and Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Riley is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight and Riley is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, Samuel, and Mason. As James put it, "Mason is not a knight". In a statement by Samuel: "If James is a knave then James is a knight". According to Mason, "Samuel is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knight, Samuel is a knight, and Mason is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Mason is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Mason is not a knight.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knave then James is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Owen, and Sofia. Avery was heard saying, "If Sofia is a knight then Sofia is a knave". Owen was heard saying, "Sofia is a knave". Sofia told you that Avery is a knave if and only if Owen is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Owen is a knave, and Sofia is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) Sofia is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sofia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that If Sofia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Avery is a knave if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sofia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen and Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sofia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Avery, Samuel, and Olivia. Avery remarked, "Olivia is a knave". Samuel expressed that Avery is a knight and Samuel is a knight. Olivia said, "If Olivia is a knight then Samuel is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knave, Samuel is a knave, and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Olivia is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knight and Samuel is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Noah, Riley, and Elizabeth. In a statement by Noah: "Elizabeth is a knight and Riley is a knight". Riley stated, "Noah is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave". In a statement by Elizabeth: "Riley is a knight if and only if Noah is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah is a knave, Riley is a knave, and Elizabeth is a knight.

(1) Noah is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Elizabeth is a knight

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Noah is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Elizabeth is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Elizabeth is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Elizabeth is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Matthew, Jackson, and Isabella. Matthew commented, "Jackson is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knave". In a statement by Jackson: "If Matthew is a knight then Isabella is a knave". Isabella told you that Isabella is a knight or Jackson is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew is a knave, Jackson is a knight, and Isabella is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knave
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Isabella is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that If Matthew is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Jackson is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Jackson is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that If Matthew is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Jackson is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight or Jackson is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Henry, Sophia, and Avery. Henry asserted: "Sophia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight". Sophia commented, "Avery is not a knave". Avery said, "Henry is a knight and Henry is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry is a knave, Sophia is a knave, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Henry is a knave
(2) Sophia is a knave
(3) Avery is a knave

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight and Henry is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Avery is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is not a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Avery is not a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight and Henry is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Charlotte, and Luke. As Owen put it, "Charlotte is a knave and Luke is a knave". Charlotte noted, "Owen is a knight or Owen is a knave". As Luke put it, "Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, and Luke is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knave
(2) Charlotte is a knight
(3) Luke is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave and Luke is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Charlotte is a knave and Luke is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knight or Owen is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and Luke is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Owen is a knave.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Evelyn, Owen, and Victoria. "Owen is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave," Evelyn mentioned. Owen told you that Owen is a knight and Evelyn is a knight. "Owen is a knave and Owen is a knight," Victoria declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn is a knave, Owen is a knave, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) Victoria is a knave

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave and Owen is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave and Owen is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: James, Jack, and Charlotte. "James is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knave," James mentioned. "James is a knave or Jack is a knight" - Jack. Charlotte remarked, "If Jack is a knight then James is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knight, Jack is a knight, and Charlotte is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Charlotte is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that James is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then James is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mia, Jackson, and Isabella. In Mia's words: "Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight". Jackson expressed that Mia is a knave. "Jackson is not a knight" - Isabella. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia is a knave, Jackson is a knight, and Isabella is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Isabella is a knave

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is not a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Jackson is not a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Mia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is not a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Emma, and Joseph. Ava expressed that Emma is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave. Emma stated, "If Emma is a knight then Ava is a knave". In Joseph's words: "Emma is a knight or Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knave, Emma is a knight, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Emma is a knight then Ava is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Emma is a knight then Ava is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knight then Ava is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Joseph is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ava, Abigail, and Lily. Ava asserted: "Lily is a knight". "Ava is a knight," Abigail declared. Lily said, "Abigail is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knave, Abigail is a knave, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Abigail is a knave
(3) Lily is a knave

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ava is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Lily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0), ('<=>', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: William, Jack, and Amelia. William told you that Amelia is a knight or Jack is a knight. Jack stated, "Jack is a knight if and only if William is a knave". Amelia stated, "Jack is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knave, Jack is a knave, and Amelia is a knave.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Jack is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Jack is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jack is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of William that Amelia is a knight or Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight or Jack is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Amelia is a knight or Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Amelia is a knight or Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)), ('telling-truth', 1))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Victoria, Alexander, and Luke. In a statement by Victoria: "Alexander is a knave". Alexander told you that If Luke is a knave then Alexander is a knight. According to Luke, "If Alexander is a knight then Victoria is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Victoria is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Luke is a knight

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Luke is a knave then Alexander is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Alexander that If Luke is a knave then Alexander is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Alexander is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Luke and Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knave then Alexander is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knight then Victoria is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Emma, Sofia, and Daniel. "If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knight," Emma claimed. "Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave" - Sofia. Daniel told you that Emma is a knave or Sofia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Sofia is a knave, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Sofia is a knave
(3) Daniel is a knight

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave or Sofia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Logan, Michael, and Lily. Logan stated, "Michael is not a knight". According to Michael, "Lily is a knave or Logan is a knave". "Logan is a knight and Michael is a knight," Lily claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan is a knave, Michael is a knight, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Logan is a knave
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Lily is a knave

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Michael is not a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave or Logan is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Lily is a knave or Logan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave or Logan is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('lying', 2), ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Benjamin, Emma, and Zoey. Benjamin remarked, "Emma is a knave or Emma is a knight". Emma stated, "Zoey is a knight or Zoey is a knave". "Benjamin is not a knight," Zoey claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin is a knight, Emma is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Benjamin is a knight
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave or Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is not a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Scarlett, Isabella, and Joseph. Scarlett remarked, "Isabella is a knight". Isabella stated, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave". In a statement by Joseph: "Scarlett is a knight and Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett is a knave, Isabella is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knave
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Isabella is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 1), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Alexander, Ava, and Charlotte. Alexander said, "Charlotte is a knave." Ava remarked, "If Alexander is a knight then Charlotte is a knight". According to Charlotte, "If Ava is a knight then Alexander is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander is a knave, Ava is a knight, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Ava is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Alexander is a knight then Charlotte is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that If Ava is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava and Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knight then Charlotte is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Ethan, Noah, and Scarlett. Ethan noted, "Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight". Noah stated, "If Noah is a knight then Scarlett is a knight". "Noah is a knave or Noah is a knight" - Scarlett. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan is a knave, Noah is a knight, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knave
(2) Noah is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knight

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave or Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sebastian, Zoey, and Victoria. "Sebastian is a knight or Zoey is a knave" - Sebastian. Zoey commented, "Sebastian is a knight". Victoria told you that Sebastian is a knight and Zoey is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian is a knight, Zoey is a knight, and Victoria is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Zoey is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 1)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lily, James, and Alexander. "Lily is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight," Lily mentioned. "James is a knight and Lily is a knight," James declared. In Alexander's words: "Alexander is a knight and James is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knight, James is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knight
(2) James is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight and James is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight and Lily is a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, Daniel, and Alexander. "Alexander is not a knight," Michael claimed. Daniel commented, "Alexander is a knave and Michael is a knight". Alexander said that Daniel is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knave, Daniel is a knave, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Alexander is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Alexander that Daniel is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knave and Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel and Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave and Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Michael, William, and Amelia. "Michael is a knight or Amelia is a knight," Michael mentioned. William expressed that Michael is not a knight. In a statement by Amelia: "If Michael is a knight then William is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, William is a knave, and Amelia is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) William is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight or Amelia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knight then William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is not a knight.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that If Michael is a knight then William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Michael is a knight then William is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Harper, Ava, and David. As Harper put it, "If Ava is a knight then David is a knave". Ava commented, "David is a knave or Harper is a knight". David stated, "Harper is a knave and Harper is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper is a knight, Ava is a knight, and David is a knave.

(1) Harper is a knight
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) David is a knave

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knight then David is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave or Harper is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that If Ava is a knight then David is a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave and Harper is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Sophia, Emily, and Zoey. As Sophia put it, "Zoey is not a knight". Emily said that If Zoey is a knave then Sophia is a knight. "Emily is not a knight," Zoey declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia is a knight, Emily is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Sophia is a knight
(2) Emily is a knight
(3) Zoey is a knave

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is not a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Zoey is not a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is not a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knave then Sophia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Chloe, Noah, and Evelyn. Chloe noted, "Noah is not a knave". "If Chloe is a knave then Evelyn is a knight," Noah claimed. Evelyn noted, "If Chloe is a knight then Noah is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knight, Noah is a knight, and Evelyn is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knight
(2) Noah is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is not a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knight then Noah is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Owen, Isabella, and Sophia. Owen remarked, "If Owen is a knight then Sophia is a knight". Isabella told you that Sophia is not a knight. Sophia asserted: "Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Isabella is a knave, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Sophia is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is not a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is not a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Grace, Sofia, and Penelope. Grace said, "Penelope is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave." Sofia said, "Sofia is a knight and Grace is a knight." Penelope said, "Sofia is a knight or Sofia is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knight, Sofia is a knave, and Penelope is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knight
(2) Sofia is a knave
(3) Penelope is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight or Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Penelope is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight and Grace is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Aurora, Scarlett, and Luke. In Aurora's words: "If Luke is a knave then Luke is a knight". In a statement by Scarlett: "Luke is a knave and Aurora is a knight". "Scarlett is a knave" - Luke. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Luke is a knight

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knave then Luke is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave and Aurora is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Liam, Benjamin, and Elizabeth. Liam said that If Elizabeth is a knave then Elizabeth is a knight. In Benjamin's words: "Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave". "Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight," Elizabeth declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Elizabeth is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knave
(3) Elizabeth is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knave then Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Zoey, Evelyn, and Jackson. According to Zoey, "Evelyn is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knight". As Evelyn put it, "Zoey is a knave". According to Jackson, "Zoey is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knave
(3) Jackson is a knight

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Lucas, Olivia, and Aurora. In a statement by Lucas: "Olivia is a knight or Aurora is a knight". Olivia commented, "Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight". Aurora said that Lucas is a knave and Aurora is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Olivia is a knave, and Aurora is a knave.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Aurora is a knave

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Olivia is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Olivia is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Olivia is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave and Aurora is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Mason, Avery, and Owen. "If Owen is a knight then Avery is a knight," Mason declared. "Mason is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight" - Avery. According to Owen, "If Owen is a knight then Mason is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knight, Avery is a knight, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Owen is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Avery is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Mason is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Victoria, Matthew, and Liam. Victoria expressed that Liam is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight. Matthew told you that Liam is a knight. "Matthew is a knave or Victoria is a knave," Liam mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria is a knave, Matthew is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Victoria is a knave
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Liam is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Liam is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Liam is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 3 inhabitants: Isabella, Chloe, and Benjamin. Isabella told you that Chloe is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight. "Isabella is not a knave," Chloe declared. Benjamin asserted: "If Isabella is a knight then Isabella is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella is a knight, Chloe is a knight, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Isabella is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Isabella is a knight then Isabella is a knave.