A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Penelope, Michael, David, Lucas, Ava, Ethan, and Samuel. According to Penelope, "Michael is not a knave". "Lucas is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight," Michael declared. In David's words: "Lucas is a knave". According to Lucas, "David is a knave or Michael is a knave". As Ava put it, "If Michael is a knave then Ethan is a knave". "Michael is not a knave," Ethan claimed. "Ava is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight" - Samuel. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope Michael David Lucas Ava Ethan Samuel

Penelope is a knave, Michael is a knave, David is a knave, Lucas is a knight, Ava is a knight, Ethan is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Penelope is a knave
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) David is a knave
(4) Lucas is a knight
(5) Ava is a knight
(6) Ethan is a knave
(7) Samuel is a knave

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Michael is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that Michael is not a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave or Michael is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then Ethan is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that If Michael is a knave then Ethan is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Grace, Liam, Olivia, Riley, James, Victoria, and Daniel. Grace commented, "Liam is a knave". Liam expressed that Daniel is a knight and James is a knight. Olivia was heard saying, "Riley is a knave". According to Riley, "James is a knave or Riley is a knight". "Riley is a knave if and only if Liam is a knight," James claimed. Victoria expressed that James is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight. Daniel noted, "Grace is a knight and Riley is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Liam Olivia Riley James Victoria Daniel

Grace is a knight, Liam is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Riley is a knight, James is a knight, Victoria is a knave, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Grace is a knight
(2) Liam is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knave
(4) Riley is a knight
(5) James is a knight
(6) Victoria is a knave
(7) Daniel is a knave

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight and James is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Grace is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave or Riley is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Daniel is a knight and James is a knight.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that James is a knave or Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James and Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Riley is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Liam is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Henry, Olivia, Ethan, Harper, Alexander, Scarlett, and Logan. Henry commented, "If Logan is a knave then Alexander is a knave". Olivia remarked, "Harper is not a knight". Ethan expressed that Henry is not a knave. Harper asserted: "If Olivia is a knight then Alexander is a knave". In Alexander's words: "Harper is not a knave". Scarlett stated, "Alexander is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight". Logan was heard saying, "Harper is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry Olivia Ethan Harper Alexander Scarlett Logan

Henry is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Harper is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, and Logan is a knave.

(1) Henry is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knave
(4) Harper is a knight
(5) Alexander is a knight
(6) Scarlett is a knight
(7) Logan is a knave

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Harper is not a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Olivia is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is not a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that If Olivia is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Harper is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Alexander is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is not a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that If Logan is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Harper is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Harper is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Logan is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that If Logan is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Benjamin, Jack, Alexander, Victoria, Isabella, Logan, and Harper. Benjamin noted, "If Harper is a knave then Logan is a knave". Jack asserted: "If Harper is a knave then Victoria is a knave". Alexander stated, "Victoria is a knave". "Logan is a knight" - Victoria. Isabella stated, "Harper is a knight or Logan is a knight". According to Logan, "Harper is a knave or Benjamin is a knave". Harper stated, "Jack is a knight or Victoria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin Jack Alexander Victoria Isabella Logan Harper

Benjamin is a knight, Jack is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Logan is a knave, and Harper is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight
(4) Victoria is a knave
(5) Isabella is a knight
(6) Logan is a knave
(7) Harper is a knight

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Logan is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knave or Benjamin is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Logan is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave or Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight or Logan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Emily, Sophia, James, Jackson, Olivia, Jack, and Luke. Emily said, "If James is a knight then James is a knave." According to Sophia, "Emily is a knight". "Jackson is a knave and Olivia is a knight," James declared. According to Jackson, "Emily is a knight or Olivia is a knight". "Luke is a knight and Jackson is a knave" - Olivia. Jack was heard saying, "James is a knight". In Luke's words: "If Jackson is a knight then Sophia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily Sophia James Jackson Olivia Jack Luke

Emily is a knight, Sophia is a knight, James is a knave, Jackson is a knight, Olivia is a knave, Jack is a knave, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) James is a knave
(4) Jackson is a knight
(5) Olivia is a knave
(6) Jack is a knave
(7) Luke is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that If James is a knight then James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave and Olivia is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knight and Jackson is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight and Jackson is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('and', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('lying', 3)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('->', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Scarlett, Aiden, Amelia, Jacob, Isabella, Harper, and James. Scarlett said that Amelia is a knave and James is a knave. "Jacob is not a knight," Aiden claimed. Amelia expressed that Harper is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight. Jacob was heard saying, "Harper is a knave and James is a knight". Isabella remarked, "Jacob is a knave and James is a knave". Harper expressed that Isabella is a knave and James is a knight. James remarked, "Amelia is a knight and Aiden is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett Aiden Amelia Jacob Isabella Harper James

Scarlett is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Amelia is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Harper is a knave, and James is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knave
(4) Jacob is a knave
(5) Isabella is a knight
(6) Harper is a knave
(7) James is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave and James is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Amelia is a knave and James is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that Harper is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave and James is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave and James is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Jacob is a knave and James is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave and James is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Amelia is a knave and James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight and Aiden is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Ava, Owen, Lucas, Luke, Victoria, Jackson, and Mia. Ava asserted: "Victoria is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight". "Mia is a knight and Mia is a knave" - Owen. In Lucas's words: "Owen is not a knight". As Luke put it, "If Lucas is a knave then Mia is a knave". "Ava is a knave and Lucas is a knave," Victoria mentioned. "Victoria is a knight or Ava is a knave," Jackson declared. According to Mia, "Ava is a knave if and only if Owen is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava Owen Lucas Luke Victoria Jackson Mia

Ava is a knave, Owen is a knave, Lucas is a knight, Luke is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Jackson is a knight, and Mia is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) Lucas is a knight
(4) Luke is a knight
(5) Victoria is a knave
(6) Jackson is a knight
(7) Mia is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knight and Mia is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Victoria is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, Lucas, and Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave and Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Ava is a knave and Lucas is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Victoria is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen and Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Victoria is a knave if and only if Owen is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight and Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knave then Mia is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight or Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Sophia, Victoria, Sebastian, Liam, Charlotte, Jackson, and Aria. "If Victoria is a knight then Sebastian is a knave," Sophia declared. "Charlotte is a knight," Victoria mentioned. Sebastian told you that Victoria is a knight. According to Liam, "Liam is a knight and Aria is a knight". According to Charlotte, "Jackson is a knave and Charlotte is a knight". In Jackson's words: "Charlotte is a knight or Liam is a knave". As Aria put it, "Liam is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia Victoria Sebastian Liam Charlotte Jackson Aria

Sophia is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Sebastian is a knave, Liam is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, Jackson is a knight, and Aria is a knight.

(1) Sophia is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Sebastian is a knave
(4) Liam is a knave
(5) Charlotte is a knave
(6) Jackson is a knight
(7) Aria is a knight

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave and Charlotte is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Jackson is a knave and Charlotte is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Charlotte is a knight or Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Charlotte is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave and Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight or Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Charlotte is a knight or Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight.

(('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 1), ('and', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('and', ('lying', 5), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 3)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 3)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Lily, Ethan, Aiden, Luke, Liam, Abigail, and Avery. "Liam is a knight and Ethan is a knave," Lily declared. Ethan stated, "Lily is not a knave". Aiden said, "If Luke is a knave then Ethan is a knight." In Luke's words: "Ethan is a knave or Aiden is a knave". Liam commented, "Avery is a knight and Aiden is a knight". In a statement by Abigail: "If Lily is a knight then Luke is a knave". According to Avery, "Abigail is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily Ethan Aiden Luke Liam Abigail Avery

Lily is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Luke is a knight, Liam is a knave, Abigail is a knight, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Ethan is a knave
(3) Aiden is a knight
(4) Luke is a knight
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) Abigail is a knight
(7) Avery is a knave

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight and Aiden is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Abigail is not a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave or Aiden is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Liam is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lily is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Luke cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that If Lily is a knight then Luke is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Luke and Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Avery is a knight and Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Liam is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight and Ethan is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Lily is a knight then Luke is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Aiden is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is not a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knave then Ethan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Joseph, Michael, Victoria, Ethan, Lucas, Aria, and Abigail. Joseph said that Michael is a knave. In Michael's words: "Victoria is a knight". Victoria expressed that If Abigail is a knave then Joseph is a knave. Ethan noted, "Michael is a knight". Lucas told you that Victoria is a knave. Aria remarked, "Victoria is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight". Abigail commented, "Lucas is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph Michael Victoria Ethan Lucas Aria Abigail

Joseph is a knave, Michael is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Ethan is a knight, Lucas is a knave, Aria is a knave, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knave
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knight
(4) Ethan is a knight
(5) Lucas is a knave
(6) Aria is a knave
(7) Abigail is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Abigail is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that If Abigail is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Lucas is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Victoria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, Abigail, Victoria, and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Charlotte, Ella, Aurora, Oliver, Matthew, Evelyn, and Luke. "Matthew is not a knight," Charlotte mentioned. According to Ella, "Evelyn is a knight or Ella is a knight". "Luke is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight" - Aurora. "Aurora is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight," Oliver mentioned. "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight," Matthew claimed. "Ella is a knight or Matthew is a knight" - Evelyn. Luke noted, "Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte Ella Aurora Oliver Matthew Evelyn Luke

Charlotte is a knave, Ella is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Oliver is a knave, Matthew is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, and Luke is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Aurora is a knight
(4) Oliver is a knave
(5) Matthew is a knight
(6) Evelyn is a knight
(7) Luke is a knave

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Matthew is not a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight or Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Evelyn that Ella is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, Evelyn, and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is not a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Luke is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Noah, Oliver, Jacob, Samuel, David, Jack, and Ella. Noah told you that Samuel is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave. Oliver commented, "Noah is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight". According to Jacob, "Noah is a knight or Samuel is a knight". Samuel said, "Oliver is a knave." David asserted: "If Samuel is a knight then Oliver is a knight". Jack said, "David is a knave or Jack is a knight." In a statement by Ella: "David is a knave or Jack is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah Oliver Jacob Samuel David Jack Ella

Noah is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Samuel is a knave, David is a knight, Jack is a knight, and Ella is a knight.

(1) Noah is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knight
(4) Samuel is a knave
(5) David is a knight
(6) Jack is a knight
(7) Ella is a knight

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Samuel is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Noah is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave or Jack is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Samuel is a knight then Oliver is a knight.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that David is a knave or Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, Ella, and Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave or Jack is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knight then Oliver is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave or Jack is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Riley, Avery, Joseph, Henry, Harper, Ethan, and Amelia. "Henry is a knave or Amelia is a knave," Riley claimed. Avery commented, "If Riley is a knight then Joseph is a knight". "Avery is a knave or Riley is a knight," Joseph declared. Henry told you that Avery is a knave and Ethan is a knave. In a statement by Harper: "Henry is a knight and Amelia is a knave". Ethan told you that Henry is a knave or Avery is a knave. Amelia expressed that If Harper is a knight then Joseph is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Avery Joseph Henry Harper Ethan Amelia

Riley is a knight, Avery is a knight, Joseph is a knight, Henry is a knave, Harper is a knave, Ethan is a knight, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knight
(4) Henry is a knave
(5) Harper is a knave
(6) Ethan is a knight
(7) Amelia is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave or Amelia is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave and Ethan is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that Avery is a knave and Ethan is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Riley is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that If Riley is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Avery is a knave or Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph and Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave and Ethan is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave or Riley is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave or Avery is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight and Amelia is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight and Amelia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Scarlett, Ella, Lily, Chloe, Sofia, Avery, and Logan. "Logan is a knave," Scarlett claimed. "Logan is not a knight," Ella declared. Lily commented, "Ella is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave". "Lily is a knight and Ella is a knave," Chloe claimed. Sofia commented, "Lily is a knave or Sofia is a knight". Avery commented, "Lily is not a knight". "Chloe is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight," Logan claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Scarlett Ella Lily Chloe Sofia Avery Logan

Scarlett is a knight, Ella is a knight, Lily is a knave, Chloe is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Avery is a knight, and Logan is a knave.

(1) Scarlett is a knight
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Lily is a knave
(4) Chloe is a knave
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) Avery is a knight
(7) Logan is a knave

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Lily is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Logan is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Lily is a knight and Ella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Chloe is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is not a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave or Sofia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Lily, Aiden, Sophia, Liam, Jack, Joseph, and Mia. Lily was heard saying, "Joseph is a knight or Aiden is a knave". Aiden expressed that Aiden is a knight or Liam is a knave. "Jack is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave" - Sophia. Liam expressed that Lily is a knave or Aiden is a knave. Jack was heard saying, "If Lily is a knave then Mia is a knight". As Joseph put it, "Sophia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave". Mia commented, "If Liam is a knave then Joseph is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Sophia is a knight, Liam is a knave, Jack is a knight, Joseph is a knight, and Mia is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Sophia is a knight
(4) Liam is a knave
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) Joseph is a knight
(7) Mia is a knave

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Sophia is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that If Liam is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Liam is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Aiden, Emily, Grace, Scarlett, Penelope, Elizabeth, and Jacob. Aiden was heard saying, "Emily is not a knave". In a statement by Emily: "Penelope is not a knave". "Aiden is a knave or Penelope is a knave," Grace mentioned. Scarlett noted, "Grace is a knave or Emily is a knave". Penelope asserted: "Penelope is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight". Elizabeth noted, "Jacob is a knight". Jacob said, "Jacob is a knight and Aiden is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden Emily Grace Scarlett Penelope Elizabeth Jacob

Aiden is a knave, Emily is a knave, Grace is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Penelope is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, and Jacob is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight
(4) Scarlett is a knight
(5) Penelope is a knave
(6) Elizabeth is a knight
(7) Jacob is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Penelope is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Penelope is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Emily is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is not a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is not a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Penelope is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave or Penelope is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave or Emily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Evelyn, Chloe, David, Sofia, Avery, Abigail, and Olivia. Evelyn said that Sofia is a knave and Chloe is a knave. In a statement by Chloe: "David is a knave or Avery is a knave". In a statement by David: "If Chloe is a knight then Evelyn is a knave". Sofia stated, "Avery is a knight or Olivia is a knight". Avery noted, "Olivia is not a knave". "Avery is a knight and Olivia is a knight" - Abigail. "Sofia is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave," Olivia mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn Chloe David Sofia Avery Abigail Olivia

Evelyn is a knave, Chloe is a knave, David is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Avery is a knight, Abigail is a knight, and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knave
(3) David is a knight
(4) Sofia is a knight
(5) Avery is a knight
(6) Abigail is a knight
(7) Olivia is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Sofia is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Avery is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is not a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Avery is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Sofia is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that David is a knave or Avery is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, Olivia, Avery, and Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is not a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Sofia is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave or Avery is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight and Olivia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Owen, Scarlett, Henry, William, Olivia, Emily, and Joseph. Owen said, "Scarlett is not a knight." Scarlett remarked, "Joseph is a knight". As Henry put it, "Olivia is a knave". William said, "Olivia is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight." Olivia said that If Henry is a knight then Scarlett is a knight. Emily asserted: "Olivia is a knight". As Joseph put it, "Emily is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen Scarlett Henry William Olivia Emily Joseph

Owen is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, Henry is a knave, William is a knave, Olivia is a knight, Emily is a knight, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knave
(3) Henry is a knave
(4) William is a knave
(5) Olivia is a knight
(6) Emily is a knight
(7) Joseph is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is not a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Henry is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('telling-truth', 6), ('lying', 4), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('not', ('telling-truth', 5)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: William, Sofia, Riley, Owen, Victoria, Lily, and Mason. William said, "Riley is a knight and Mason is a knave." Sofia expressed that Victoria is a knave. Riley stated, "Lily is a knave or Lily is a knight". "Riley is not a knave," Owen claimed. "If Owen is a knave then Victoria is a knight," Victoria mentioned. Lily remarked, "Owen is a knight or Riley is a knave". Mason stated, "Riley is a knight or William is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William Sofia Riley Owen Victoria Lily Mason

William is a knave, Sofia is a knave, Riley is a knight, Owen is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Lily is a knight, and Mason is a knight.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knave
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Owen is a knight
(5) Victoria is a knight
(6) Lily is a knight
(7) Mason is a knight

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave or Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Riley is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is a knight or William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Owen is a knight or Riley is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen and Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of William that Riley is a knight and Mason is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight or William is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Owen is a knave then Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knave then Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Riley, Zoey, Grace, Ethan, Chloe, Sofia, and Lucas. Riley told you that Lucas is a knight or Zoey is a knight. "If Ethan is a knave then Grace is a knight," Zoey claimed. Grace commented, "If Lucas is a knight then Chloe is a knight". Ethan commented, "Grace is a knave or Sofia is a knave". Chloe expressed that Lucas is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight. In a statement by Sofia: "If Lucas is a knight then Zoey is a knave". Lucas told you that Zoey is a knight and Riley is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Zoey Grace Ethan Chloe Sofia Lucas

Riley is a knight, Zoey is a knight, Grace is a knight, Ethan is a knave, Chloe is a knave, Sofia is a knight, and Lucas is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Zoey is a knight
(3) Grace is a knight
(4) Ethan is a knave
(5) Chloe is a knave
(6) Sofia is a knight
(7) Lucas is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knave then Grace is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave or Sofia is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Chloe is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Grace is a knave or Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Lucas is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lucas is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Lucas is a knight then Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave or Sofia is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: James, Matthew, Aria, Aurora, Jack, Grace, and Alexander. James said that Matthew is not a knight. "Jack is not a knight," Matthew claimed. "Jack is not a knave," Aria mentioned. In Aurora's words: "Jack is a knight". "If Grace is a knave then Matthew is a knight" - Jack. According to Grace, "James is a knight and Aria is a knight". Alexander said, "James is not a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Matthew Aria Aurora Jack Grace Alexander

James is a knight, Matthew is a knave, Aria is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Jack is a knight, Grace is a knight, and Alexander is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knave
(3) Aria is a knight
(4) Aurora is a knight
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) Grace is a knight
(7) Alexander is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Matthew is not a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Matthew is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is not a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 4)), ('not', ('lying', 4)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('->', ('lying', 5), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Grace, Sebastian, Mason, Aiden, Noah, Chloe, and Harper. In a statement by Grace: "Mason is a knight or Chloe is a knight". Sebastian asserted: "Grace is a knight". Mason said, "Sebastian is a knave." In a statement by Aiden: "Harper is a knight and Chloe is a knight". Noah commented, "If Harper is a knave then Chloe is a knave". "Noah is not a knave," Chloe claimed. Harper told you that Noah is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Sebastian Mason Aiden Noah Chloe Harper

Grace is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Mason is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Noah is a knight, Chloe is a knight, and Harper is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knight
(3) Mason is a knave
(4) Aiden is a knight
(5) Noah is a knight
(6) Chloe is a knight
(7) Harper is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Grace is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is not a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Chloe is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Chloe is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 1), ('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('->', ('lying', 6), ('lying', 5)), ('not', ('lying', 4)), ('telling-truth', 4))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: James, Riley, Ella, Penelope, Noah, Owen, and Mia. James asserted: "If Noah is a knight then Mia is a knight". In a statement by Riley: "Owen is not a knight". Ella stated, "Riley is not a knave". As Penelope put it, "Owen is a knave and Penelope is a knight". Noah commented, "Penelope is not a knight". Owen said that Ella is a knight or Ella is a knave. Mia said, "If James is a knave then Riley is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James is a knight, Riley is a knave, Ella is a knave, Penelope is a knave, Noah is a knight, Owen is a knight, and Mia is a knight.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Ella is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knave
(5) Noah is a knight
(6) Owen is a knight
(7) Mia is a knight

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knight then Mia is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Penelope is not a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is not a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Riley is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knave then Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Penelope, Riley, William, Amelia, Sofia, Mason, and Mia. Penelope asserted: "If William is a knight then William is a knave". Riley was heard saying, "If Mason is a knight then Amelia is a knight". William commented, "Riley is a knave or Mason is a knight". Amelia remarked, "Mia is not a knave". "If Mia is a knight then Penelope is a knight," Sofia mentioned. Mason expressed that Sofia is a knave or William is a knave. "Amelia is a knight or Mia is a knight," Mia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope Riley William Amelia Sofia Mason Mia

Penelope is a knave, Riley is a knight, William is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Sofia is a knave, Mason is a knight, and Mia is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knave
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) William is a knight
(4) Amelia is a knight
(5) Sofia is a knave
(6) Mason is a knight
(7) Mia is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knight then William is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that If William is a knight then William is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave or Mason is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Riley is a knave or Mason is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sofia is a knave or William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Riley is a knave or Mason is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley and William, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If William is a knight then William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave or Mason is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave or William is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Sofia is a knave or William is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mia is a knight then Penelope is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Mia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Emily, Sofia, Riley, Isabella, Emma, Aiden, and Ava. Emily told you that Riley is a knight and Isabella is a knight. As Sofia put it, "Aiden is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave". Riley asserted: "Emma is a knave and Isabella is a knave". "Sofia is a knave or Riley is a knave," Isabella declared. Emma expressed that Aiden is a knave. Aiden said that If Riley is a knight then Emma is a knight. Ava asserted: "Aiden is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily Sofia Riley Isabella Emma Aiden Ava

Emily is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Riley is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Emma is a knave, Aiden is a knight, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knight
(3) Riley is a knave
(4) Isabella is a knight
(5) Emma is a knave
(6) Aiden is a knight
(7) Ava is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave and Isabella is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Emma is a knave and Isabella is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Riley is a knight then Emma is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Aiden is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden and Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Riley is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave and Isabella is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that Aiden is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Riley is a knight then Emma is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then Emma is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave or Riley is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Samuel, Jack, Riley, Abigail, Amelia, Ava, and Evelyn. Samuel remarked, "If Amelia is a knave then Samuel is a knight". Jack said that If Evelyn is a knight then Abigail is a knight. Riley told you that If Amelia is a knave then Riley is a knight. "Ava is a knave and Ava is a knight" - Abigail. "If Jack is a knave then Abigail is a knave," Amelia claimed. "Evelyn is a knight," Ava declared. Evelyn remarked, "Amelia is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel Jack Riley Abigail Amelia Ava Evelyn

Samuel is a knight, Jack is a knight, Riley is a knight, Abigail is a knave, Amelia is a knight, Ava is a knave, and Evelyn is a knave.

(1) Samuel is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Abigail is a knave
(5) Amelia is a knight
(6) Ava is a knave
(7) Evelyn is a knave

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knave then Samuel is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knight then Abigail is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave and Ava is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave and Ava is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knave then Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Ethan, William, Aria, Penelope, Benjamin, Liam, and Sebastian. According to Ethan, "Benjamin is a knave or Aria is a knave". William expressed that Penelope is not a knight. Aria commented, "Benjamin is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight". Penelope commented, "Aria is a knave". According to Benjamin, "If Sebastian is a knight then Benjamin is a knight". In a statement by Liam: "Penelope is a knight and Penelope is a knave". Sebastian said, "If Penelope is a knight then William is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan William Aria Penelope Benjamin Liam Sebastian

Ethan is a knight, William is a knight, Aria is a knight, Penelope is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Liam is a knave, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knight
(2) William is a knight
(3) Aria is a knight
(4) Penelope is a knave
(5) Benjamin is a knave
(6) Liam is a knave
(7) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knight then William is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Benjamin is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria and Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Penelope is a knight then William is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that If Penelope is a knight then William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Benjamin is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is not a knight.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that If Penelope is a knight then William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight and Penelope is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight and Penelope is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Aiden, David, Evelyn, Joseph, Ava, Logan, and Matthew. As Aiden put it, "Logan is a knave and Ava is a knave". David said that Joseph is a knight or Evelyn is a knight. Evelyn asserted: "Joseph is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight". "Aiden is not a knight," Joseph declared. Ava noted, "If Aiden is a knight then Logan is a knight". Logan stated, "Matthew is a knight and Ava is a knight". "David is a knight or Joseph is a knight," Matthew declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden David Evelyn Joseph Ava Logan Matthew

Aiden is a knave, David is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Joseph is a knight, Ava is a knight, Logan is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) David is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knight
(4) Joseph is a knight
(5) Ava is a knight
(6) Logan is a knight
(7) Matthew is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Logan is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Ava is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight or Joseph is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of David that Joseph is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn and Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider David.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of David that Joseph is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that David is a knight or Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph and David, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight or Joseph is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that David is a knight or Joseph is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of David that Joseph is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Joseph is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, Joseph, David, Matthew, and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight and Ava is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knight then Logan is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 5), ('lying', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 3)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Oliver, Matthew, Elizabeth, Aurora, Avery, Michael, and Emma. In Oliver's words: "Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knight". Matthew was heard saying, "Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight". "Avery is a knight or Michael is a knave," Elizabeth declared. "If Matthew is a knight then Oliver is a knave" - Aurora. According to Avery, "If Elizabeth is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave". In Michael's words: "Aurora is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave". "Aurora is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight" - Emma. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver Matthew Elizabeth Aurora Avery Michael Emma

Oliver is a knight, Matthew is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Avery is a knave, Michael is a knave, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knave
(3) Elizabeth is a knight
(4) Aurora is a knight
(5) Avery is a knave
(6) Michael is a knave
(7) Emma is a knave

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or Michael is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Avery is a knight or Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Oliver is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Aurora is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Isabella, Elizabeth, Alexander, David, Riley, Matthew, and Charlotte. Isabella said, "Riley is a knave." In Elizabeth's words: "Matthew is a knave or Isabella is a knight". Alexander was heard saying, "If Matthew is a knave then Riley is a knight". David was heard saying, "Riley is a knight". "David is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave" - Riley. Matthew commented, "Isabella is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave". "Alexander is not a knave," Charlotte claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Elizabeth Alexander David Riley Matthew Charlotte

Isabella is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Alexander is a knight, David is a knight, Riley is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight
(4) David is a knight
(5) Riley is a knight
(6) Matthew is a knave
(7) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knight.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that David is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David and Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or Isabella is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Matthew is a knave or Isabella is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Riley is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Emma, Lily, Riley, James, Sebastian, Henry, and William. As Emma put it, "William is a knight if and only if William is a knave". In a statement by Lily: "Sebastian is not a knight". Riley told you that James is a knave and Emma is a knight. James noted, "Riley is not a knave". "Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave," Sebastian declared. "Lily is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave," Henry mentioned. William expressed that James is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma Lily Riley James Sebastian Henry William

Emma is a knave, Lily is a knight, Riley is a knave, James is a knave, Sebastian is a knave, Henry is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knave
(2) Lily is a knight
(3) Riley is a knave
(4) James is a knave
(5) Sebastian is a knave
(6) Henry is a knight
(7) William is a knight

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that James is not a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is not a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and Emma is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Evelyn, Samuel, Mason, Joseph, Jackson, Michael, and Isabella. "Jackson is a knight and Samuel is a knave," Evelyn mentioned. Samuel was heard saying, "Mason is a knight and Evelyn is a knight". "Isabella is a knave and Michael is a knight" - Mason. Joseph commented, "Isabella is a knave". "Michael is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight" - Jackson. Michael said that If Joseph is a knight then Samuel is a knave. "Jackson is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave," Isabella claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn Samuel Mason Joseph Jackson Michael Isabella

Evelyn is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Mason is a knave, Joseph is a knave, Jackson is a knave, Michael is a knight, and Isabella is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Mason is a knave
(4) Joseph is a knave
(5) Jackson is a knave
(6) Michael is a knight
(7) Isabella is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Isabella is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Jackson is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that Mason is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is a knave and Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, Samuel, and Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Isabella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella and Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Michael is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Jackson is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Michael is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Joseph is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that If Joseph is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave and Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 7 inhabitants: Isabella, Olivia, Noah, Penelope, James, Grace, and Henry. Isabella said that Penelope is a knave if and only if James is a knight. Olivia said, "Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave." Noah told you that James is a knight and Olivia is a knight. Penelope stated, "Noah is a knave". James remarked, "Noah is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight". Grace asserted: "Olivia is a knight or Isabella is a knave". "Isabella is not a knight," Henry mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Olivia Noah Penelope James Grace Henry

Isabella is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Noah is a knave, Penelope is a knight, James is a knight, Grace is a knight, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Noah is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knight
(5) James is a knight
(6) Grace is a knight
(7) Henry is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and Olivia is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Penelope is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Noah is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Olivia is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, Grace, James, and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight and Olivia is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Noah is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that James is a knight and Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider James.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Penelope is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that Noah is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah and Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave if and only if James is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knight.