A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Matthew, James, Joseph, Mia, Samuel, Lily, Henry, and Mason. Matthew commented, "Samuel is a knight or Matthew is a knight". James asserted: "Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave". As Joseph put it, "If Lily is a knave then Samuel is a knight". "Lily is a knight and James is a knight," Mia claimed. "Henry is a knight and Mason is a knave," Samuel mentioned. "Mason is not a knave," Lily mentioned. Henry commented, "If James is a knight then Joseph is a knight". "Samuel is not a knave" - Mason. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew James Joseph Mia Samuel Lily Henry Mason

Matthew is a knave, James is a knight, Joseph is a knave, Mia is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Lily is a knave, Henry is a knave, and Mason is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knave
(2) James is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knave
(4) Mia is a knave
(5) Samuel is a knave
(6) Lily is a knave
(7) Henry is a knave
(8) Mason is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight and James is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Henry is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Mason is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Lily is a knight and James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight and James is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Samuel is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, Lily, Mia, and James, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Henry is a knight and Mason is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that Henry is a knight and Mason is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Mason is not a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If James is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider James.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that If James is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, Henry, and Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Samuel is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Lily is a knight and James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, Lily, and Mia, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knight and James is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Mia is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia and James, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Lily is a knave then Samuel is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knave then Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Amelia, Charlotte, Alexander, Aurora, Mason, Ella, Emma, and Avery. "Charlotte is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave," Amelia declared. As Charlotte put it, "Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight". Alexander told you that If Amelia is a knight then Mason is a knight. Aurora remarked, "Ella is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight". Mason was heard saying, "Emma is a knight". "Charlotte is a knave," Ella mentioned. Emma said, "Amelia is not a knight." In Avery's words: "Mason is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia Charlotte Alexander Aurora Mason Ella Emma Avery

Amelia is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, Alexander is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Mason is a knight, Ella is a knight, Emma is a knight, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Amelia is a knave
(2) Charlotte is a knave
(3) Alexander is a knight
(4) Aurora is a knight
(5) Mason is a knight
(6) Ella is a knight
(7) Emma is a knight
(8) Avery is a knave

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, Emma, and Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knight then Mason is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Emily, Elizabeth, James, Ava, Scarlett, Benjamin, Zoey, and Oliver. Emily asserted: "Ava is not a knave". Elizabeth told you that James is not a knave. In a statement by James: "If James is a knight then Scarlett is a knight". "Elizabeth is not a knight," Ava claimed. Scarlett told you that Oliver is a knight or Emily is a knave. Benjamin noted, "If Oliver is a knave then Benjamin is a knight". Zoey asserted: "If James is a knave then James is a knight". Oliver noted, "Elizabeth is a knave if and only if James is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily Elizabeth James Ava Scarlett Benjamin Zoey Oliver

Emily is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, James is a knight, Ava is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, Zoey is a knight, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) James is a knight
(4) Ava is a knave
(5) Scarlett is a knight
(6) Benjamin is a knight
(7) Zoey is a knight
(8) Oliver is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is not a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that James is not a knave.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If James is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James and Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Ava is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knave then James is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lucas, Ella, Penelope, Daniel, Mia, Avery, Jacob, and Jackson. In Lucas's words: "Mia is a knight or Mia is a knave". Ella noted, "Mia is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave". In Penelope's words: "Mia is a knight and Penelope is a knight". Daniel said that Penelope is a knight. "Jackson is a knight and Lucas is a knight" - Mia. In Avery's words: "Mia is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knight". Jacob asserted: "Lucas is not a knight". Jackson said, "Lucas is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas Ella Penelope Daniel Mia Avery Jacob Jackson

Lucas is a knight, Ella is a knave, Penelope is a knave, Daniel is a knave, Mia is a knave, Avery is a knave, Jacob is a knave, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Lucas is a knight
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Penelope is a knave
(4) Daniel is a knave
(5) Mia is a knave
(6) Avery is a knave
(7) Jacob is a knave
(8) Jackson is a knave

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight or Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Jackson is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Jackson is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knight and Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight and Penelope is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is not a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is not a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 4)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 4)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('and', ('telling-truth', 7), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('lying', 4), ('telling-truth', 7)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('lying', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Amelia, Harper, Jackson, Michael, Sofia, Noah, Abigail, and Aiden. Amelia said, "Aiden is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight." Harper remarked, "Michael is a knight". "Noah is a knave or Abigail is a knight" - Jackson. "Jackson is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave," Michael declared. In Sofia's words: "Noah is a knight or Harper is a knave". Noah remarked, "Harper is a knight". Abigail was heard saying, "Amelia is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knave". In a statement by Aiden: "If Abigail is a knave then Jackson is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Amelia Harper Jackson Michael Sofia Noah Abigail Aiden

Amelia is a knight, Harper is a knave, Jackson is a knight, Michael is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Noah is a knave, Abigail is a knave, and Aiden is a knave.

(1) Amelia is a knight
(2) Harper is a knave
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) Michael is a knave
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) Noah is a knave
(7) Abigail is a knave
(8) Aiden is a knave

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knave then Jackson is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave or Abigail is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Aiden is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Harper is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Noah is a knave or Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Amelia is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Abigail is a knave then Jackson is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if Aiden is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Noah is a knave or Abigail is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Aiden is a knight if and only if Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Harper is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Oliver, Jacob, Amelia, Harper, Mia, William, Elizabeth, and Ella. "If Jacob is a knave then Mia is a knight," Oliver declared. According to Jacob, "Harper is a knight or Oliver is a knave". Amelia asserted: "Elizabeth is a knave or Mia is a knave". In a statement by Harper: "Jacob is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave". Mia asserted: "Harper is a knave or Elizabeth is a knave". "If Elizabeth is a knave then Elizabeth is a knight," William mentioned. Elizabeth expressed that If Oliver is a knight then Harper is a knight. Ella stated, "Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver Jacob Amelia Harper Mia William Elizabeth Ella

Oliver is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Harper is a knight, Mia is a knave, William is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, and Ella is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) Jacob is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knight
(4) Harper is a knight
(5) Mia is a knave
(6) William is a knight
(7) Elizabeth is a knight
(8) Ella is a knave

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knave then Mia is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight or Oliver is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knight then Harper is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knave or Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave or Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave or Mia is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knave then Elizabeth is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Noah, Ella, Jacob, Alexander, Evelyn, Lucas, Riley, and Luke. Noah said, "If Lucas is a knave then Noah is a knight." Ella noted, "Evelyn is a knight". In a statement by Jacob: "If Ella is a knave then Lucas is a knave". According to Alexander, "Evelyn is a knight or Jacob is a knight". Evelyn noted, "Luke is a knight or Luke is a knave". Lucas said that Evelyn is a knight or Jacob is a knave. As Riley put it, "Lucas is a knave or Ella is a knight". "Alexander is a knight," Luke claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah Ella Jacob Alexander Evelyn Lucas Riley Luke

Noah is a knight, Ella is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Riley is a knight, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Noah is a knight
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knight
(4) Alexander is a knight
(5) Evelyn is a knight
(6) Lucas is a knight
(7) Riley is a knight
(8) Luke is a knight

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knave then Noah is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Jacob is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight or Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knave then Lucas is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Ella is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Emily, Ava, Benjamin, Matthew, Sofia, Lily, Noah, and Daniel. According to Emily, "If Lily is a knave then Benjamin is a knave". Ava told you that Benjamin is a knight. Benjamin expressed that Matthew is a knight and Lily is a knight. Matthew expressed that If Daniel is a knight then Lily is a knight. "Ava is a knight or Benjamin is a knight" - Sofia. Lily expressed that If Daniel is a knight then Benjamin is a knave. Noah said that Daniel is not a knight. In Daniel's words: "Benjamin is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily Ava Benjamin Matthew Sofia Lily Noah Daniel

Emily is a knight, Ava is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Lily is a knight, Noah is a knight, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Emily is a knight
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knight
(4) Matthew is a knight
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) Lily is a knight
(7) Noah is a knight
(8) Daniel is a knave

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that If Daniel is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Matthew is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Daniel is a knight then Lily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Lily is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight or Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Isabella, Liam, Penelope, James, Avery, Riley, Ava, and William. Isabella commented, "If William is a knave then Penelope is a knight". "If Riley is a knight then James is a knight," Liam claimed. In Penelope's words: "Isabella is not a knave". James stated, "If James is a knight then Ava is a knave". Avery told you that Penelope is a knave. According to Riley, "If Avery is a knight then James is a knight". In Ava's words: "Penelope is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave". William told you that Avery is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Liam Penelope James Avery Riley Ava William

Isabella is a knight, Liam is a knight, Penelope is a knight, James is a knight, Avery is a knave, Riley is a knight, Ava is a knave, and William is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Penelope is a knight
(4) James is a knight
(5) Avery is a knave
(6) Riley is a knight
(7) Ava is a knave
(8) William is a knight

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knave then Penelope is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then James is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then James is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then Ava is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that If James is a knight then Ava is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jackson, Ava, Michael, Aria, Lily, Emily, James, and Sebastian. Jackson said, "Sebastian is not a knave." Ava remarked, "James is a knave or Emily is a knight". Michael told you that If Aria is a knave then Sebastian is a knave. According to Aria, "Michael is not a knight". In Lily's words: "Jackson is a knight". Emily remarked, "If Ava is a knave then Emily is a knight". "If Jackson is a knight then James is a knight," James claimed. According to Sebastian, "If Emily is a knave then James is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson Ava Michael Aria Lily Emily James Sebastian

Jackson is a knave, Ava is a knave, Michael is a knight, Aria is a knave, Lily is a knave, Emily is a knave, James is a knight, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knave
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) Michael is a knight
(4) Aria is a knave
(5) Lily is a knave
(6) Emily is a knave
(7) James is a knight
(8) Sebastian is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knave then James is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Emily is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then James is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Sebastian is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is not a knight.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that If Aria is a knave then Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aria is a knave then Sebastian is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that If Aria is a knave then Sebastian is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Michael is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jackson is a knight then James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, Michael, and James, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that James is a knave or Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Ava is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that If Ava is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave or Emily is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that If Emily is a knave then James is a knave.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that James is a knave or Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, Ava, and Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Sebastian is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that Sebastian is not a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Emily is a knave then James is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that If Emily is a knave then James is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Isabella, Jacob, Jackson, Benjamin, Sophia, Ava, Ella, and Aiden. Isabella was heard saying, "Benjamin is a knave and Jacob is a knave". As Jacob put it, "Sophia is a knight". Jackson remarked, "Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight". "Sophia is a knave," Benjamin claimed. Sophia said, "If Jackson is a knight then Aiden is a knave." Ava stated, "Isabella is a knave or Jacob is a knave". In Ella's words: "If Ava is a knave then Jacob is a knave". Aiden told you that Isabella is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Jacob Jackson Benjamin Sophia Ava Ella Aiden

Isabella is a knave, Jacob is a knight, Jackson is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Sophia is a knight, Ava is a knight, Ella is a knight, and Aiden is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave
(4) Benjamin is a knave
(5) Sophia is a knight
(6) Ava is a knight
(7) Ella is a knight
(8) Aiden is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave and Jacob is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Benjamin is a knave and Jacob is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Benjamin is a knave and Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Sophia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia and Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave and Jacob is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jackson is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that If Jackson is a knight then Aiden is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson and Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knave or Jacob is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knave then Jacob is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Joseph, Aurora, Grace, Oliver, Michael, Owen, and Liam. "If Grace is a knave then Michael is a knight," Mia claimed. Joseph said, "Aurora is not a knight." In a statement by Aurora: "Michael is a knave if and only if Mia is a knave". Grace stated, "Joseph is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight". "Grace is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave," Oliver mentioned. Michael expressed that Aurora is not a knight. Owen expressed that Mia is a knight. In a statement by Liam: "Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Joseph Aurora Grace Oliver Michael Owen Liam

Mia is a knave, Joseph is a knave, Aurora is a knight, Grace is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Michael is a knave, Owen is a knave, and Liam is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Aurora is a knight
(4) Grace is a knave
(5) Oliver is a knight
(6) Michael is a knave
(7) Owen is a knave
(8) Liam is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Michael is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Aurora is not a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Mia is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aurora that Michael is a knave if and only if Mia is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that If Grace is a knave then Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael and Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is not a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Mia is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Aurora is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, Joseph, and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Grace is a knave then Michael is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that If Grace is a knave then Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that If Grace is a knave then Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aurora that Michael is a knave if and only if Mia is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is not a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Grace is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, James, Benjamin, Noah, Lily, Sofia, Luke, and Michael. "Noah is not a knight," Riley mentioned. "Luke is a knave," James declared. Benjamin said, "Sofia is a knave." Noah noted, "Riley is a knight and Sofia is a knave". Lily stated, "If James is a knave then Sofia is a knave". "If Michael is a knave then Michael is a knight," Sofia declared. "Riley is a knight," Luke declared. In Michael's words: "Sofia is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley James Benjamin Noah Lily Sofia Luke Michael

Riley is a knight, James is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Noah is a knave, Lily is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Michael is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) James is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knave
(4) Noah is a knave
(5) Lily is a knave
(6) Sofia is a knight
(7) Luke is a knight
(8) Michael is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is not a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Noah is not a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Sofia is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If James is a knave then Sofia is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that If James is a knave then Sofia is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Sofia, Grace, Harper, Joseph, Noah, Victoria, and Matthew. Mia stated, "Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight". "Joseph is a knight or Joseph is a knave" - Sofia. Grace remarked, "If Mia is a knight then Sofia is a knave". Harper expressed that If Harper is a knight then Grace is a knight. Joseph commented, "Harper is a knight and Noah is a knave". In a statement by Noah: "Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight". As Victoria put it, "Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight". "Noah is a knight" - Matthew. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Sofia Grace Harper Joseph Noah Victoria Matthew

Mia is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Grace is a knight, Harper is a knight, Joseph is a knight, Noah is a knave, Victoria is a knave, and Matthew is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knight
(3) Grace is a knight
(4) Harper is a knight
(5) Joseph is a knight
(6) Noah is a knave
(7) Victoria is a knave
(8) Matthew is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Noah is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight and Noah is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Matthew is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Noah is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Grace is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Joseph is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Noah is a knight.

(('<=>', ('lying', 7), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 4)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 3), ('lying', 5)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('telling-truth', 5))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Michael, Aurora, Daniel, Scarlett, Penelope, Mason, Jack, and Jacob. "Jack is not a knight," Michael claimed. Aurora asserted: "Michael is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight". Daniel was heard saying, "Michael is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave". In a statement by Scarlett: "Daniel is a knight or Aurora is a knight". "Aurora is a knight or Michael is a knave," Penelope claimed. Mason said that If Aurora is a knight then Jack is a knave. Jack remarked, "Aurora is a knave and Jacob is a knight". "Penelope is a knave," Jacob claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Aurora Daniel Scarlett Penelope Mason Jack Jacob

Michael is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Daniel is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, Penelope is a knight, Mason is a knight, Jack is a knave, and Jacob is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) Daniel is a knave
(4) Scarlett is a knight
(5) Penelope is a knight
(6) Mason is a knight
(7) Jack is a knave
(8) Jacob is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Jack is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Michael is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Michael is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Aurora is a knight then Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Jack is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Aurora is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Zoey, Emma, Riley, Oliver, Sofia, Elizabeth, Owen, and Samuel. "Riley is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave," Zoey claimed. "Zoey is a knight," Emma claimed. "Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight," Riley mentioned. Oliver was heard saying, "Samuel is a knave". As Sofia put it, "If Sofia is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave". Elizabeth was heard saying, "Owen is a knight and Zoey is a knight". Owen asserted: "Sofia is a knave if and only if Zoey is a knight". As Samuel put it, "Sofia is a knave and Emma is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey Emma Riley Oliver Sofia Elizabeth Owen Samuel

Zoey is a knave, Emma is a knave, Riley is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Elizabeth is a knave, Owen is a knight, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knave
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Oliver is a knight
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) Elizabeth is a knave
(7) Owen is a knight
(8) Samuel is a knave

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave if and only if Zoey is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Sofia is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Owen is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Riley is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Riley is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Owen is a knight and Zoey is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave if and only if Zoey is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, Owen, Elizabeth, and Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that Riley is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sofia is a knight then Elizabeth is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave and Emma is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lucas, Mia, Samuel, Amelia, Sophia, Jackson, Mason, and James. Lucas told you that James is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight. Mia said that Lucas is a knave or Sophia is a knave. In Samuel's words: "Mason is a knave or James is a knave". In Amelia's words: "Amelia is a knight or James is a knight". Sophia stated, "Amelia is a knave or Samuel is a knave". Jackson told you that Mia is a knave or Samuel is a knave. According to Mason, "James is a knave and Amelia is a knight". According to James, "Lucas is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas Mia Samuel Amelia Sophia Jackson Mason James

Lucas is a knave, Mia is a knight, Samuel is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Sophia is a knave, Jackson is a knave, Mason is a knave, and James is a knight.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Mia is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knight
(4) Amelia is a knight
(5) Sophia is a knave
(6) Jackson is a knave
(7) Mason is a knave
(8) James is a knight

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that James is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or James is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Amelia is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave or James is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that Mason is a knave or James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason and Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Amelia is a knight or James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave or James is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Mason is a knave or James is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knave or Samuel is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave or Samuel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Evelyn, Victoria, Chloe, Noah, Mia, Mason, Michael, and Lily. Evelyn told you that Victoria is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight. "Evelyn is a knave and Chloe is a knight," Victoria mentioned. "Evelyn is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight" - Chloe. Noah told you that Mia is a knave. Mia stated, "Lily is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knave". "Evelyn is not a knave," Mason claimed. Michael noted, "Evelyn is a knight and Lily is a knave". As Lily put it, "Lily is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn Victoria Chloe Noah Mia Mason Michael Lily

Evelyn is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Chloe is a knave, Noah is a knight, Mia is a knave, Mason is a knight, Michael is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Chloe is a knave
(4) Noah is a knight
(5) Mia is a knave
(6) Mason is a knight
(7) Michael is a knave
(8) Lily is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Victoria is a knight if and only if Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight and Lily is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight and Lily is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Avery, Harper, Liam, Lily, James, Zoey, Scarlett, and Joseph. "If Scarlett is a knave then Liam is a knight," Avery claimed. Harper noted, "Joseph is a knave". Liam noted, "Avery is not a knave". Lily told you that Harper is a knight. James remarked, "If Lily is a knave then Joseph is a knave". Zoey was heard saying, "Liam is a knave or Harper is a knight". In Scarlett's words: "Liam is a knight if and only if James is a knave". "Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight," Joseph mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery Harper Liam Lily James Zoey Scarlett Joseph

Avery is a knight, Harper is a knight, Liam is a knight, Lily is a knight, James is a knight, Zoey is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Harper is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight
(4) Lily is a knight
(5) James is a knight
(6) Zoey is a knight
(7) Scarlett is a knave
(8) Joseph is a knave

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Scarlett is a knave then Liam is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Liam is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that If Lily is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Joseph is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, Harper, Lily, and James, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Avery is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Joseph is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Harper is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Isabella, Liam, Mason, Emma, Sebastian, Evelyn, Joseph, and Owen. "Evelyn is not a knave," Isabella mentioned. According to Liam, "Mason is a knight and Mason is a knave". Mason said that Evelyn is a knave. Emma asserted: "Evelyn is a knight and Mason is a knight". Sebastian asserted: "Isabella is a knight". Evelyn asserted: "If Joseph is a knight then Sebastian is a knight". Joseph said that Mason is a knave. "Sebastian is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight," Owen mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Liam Mason Emma Sebastian Evelyn Joseph Owen

Isabella is a knight, Liam is a knave, Mason is a knave, Emma is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Joseph is a knight, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Liam is a knave
(3) Mason is a knave
(4) Emma is a knave
(5) Sebastian is a knight
(6) Evelyn is a knight
(7) Joseph is a knight
(8) Owen is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight and Mason is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight and Mason is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight and Mason is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Lucas, Isabella, Riley, Emma, Jackson, Lily, and Sofia. Mia remarked, "Lily is a knave". Lucas said that Jackson is a knave. Isabella said, "Emma is a knight and Riley is a knight." Riley asserted: "Lily is a knight". As Emma put it, "Jackson is a knave or Emma is a knight". According to Jackson, "Mia is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight". Lily said that Isabella is a knave and Jackson is a knight. As Sofia put it, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Lucas Isabella Riley Emma Jackson Lily Sofia

Mia is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Riley is a knave, Emma is a knight, Jackson is a knave, Lily is a knave, and Sofia is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Lucas is a knight
(3) Isabella is a knave
(4) Riley is a knave
(5) Emma is a knight
(6) Jackson is a knave
(7) Lily is a knave
(8) Sofia is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave and Jackson is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave or Emma is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Emma is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley and Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Emma is a knight and Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Isabella is a knave and Jackson is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Isabella that Emma is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Samuel, Charlotte, Luke, Matthew, Liam, Evelyn, Penelope, and Aria. Samuel noted, "Luke is not a knave". Charlotte was heard saying, "Aria is a knave". Luke asserted: "Liam is a knave or Matthew is a knight". "If Samuel is a knight then Charlotte is a knight," Matthew declared. In Liam's words: "Liam is a knight and Evelyn is a knave". Evelyn said, "If Samuel is a knight then Luke is a knave." Penelope stated, "If Aria is a knave then Samuel is a knight". Aria was heard saying, "Liam is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel Charlotte Luke Matthew Liam Evelyn Penelope Aria

Samuel is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, Luke is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Liam is a knave, Evelyn is a knave, Penelope is a knight, and Aria is a knave.

(1) Samuel is a knight
(2) Charlotte is a knight
(3) Luke is a knight
(4) Matthew is a knight
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) Evelyn is a knave
(7) Penelope is a knight
(8) Aria is a knave

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is not a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Matthew is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight and Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Liam is a knight and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Samuel is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knight then Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that If Samuel is a knight then Charlotte is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Liam is a knave or Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight and Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Samuel is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jack, Samuel, Sophia, Ella, Harper, Daniel, Emma, and Matthew. According to Jack, "Samuel is a knight or Ella is a knave". Samuel noted, "If Jack is a knave then Daniel is a knave". "Samuel is a knight and Emma is a knight," Sophia mentioned. "If Jack is a knave then Emma is a knight," Ella declared. Harper asserted: "If Daniel is a knight then Sophia is a knight". Daniel expressed that Jack is a knave and Sophia is a knave. In a statement by Emma: "Ella is not a knave". According to Matthew, "If Matthew is a knight then Sophia is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack Samuel Sophia Ella Harper Daniel Emma Matthew

Jack is a knight, Samuel is a knight, Sophia is a knight, Ella is a knight, Harper is a knight, Daniel is a knave, Emma is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Sophia is a knight
(4) Ella is a knight
(5) Harper is a knight
(6) Daniel is a knave
(7) Emma is a knight
(8) Matthew is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Ella is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then Daniel is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knave and Sophia is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave and Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight and Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then Emma is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Sophia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sebastian, Daniel, Abigail, Elizabeth, Aiden, Emma, Henry, and Jackson. Sebastian stated, "Emma is a knight or Sebastian is a knight". Daniel asserted: "Jackson is a knight or Henry is a knave". Abigail stated, "If Aiden is a knave then Henry is a knave". "Sebastian is a knave and Aiden is a knight," Elizabeth declared. Aiden stated, "If Sebastian is a knight then Emma is a knight". In Emma's words: "If Abigail is a knave then Elizabeth is a knave". Henry commented, "Daniel is a knave or Elizabeth is a knave". "Henry is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave," Jackson claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Daniel Abigail Elizabeth Aiden Emma Henry Jackson

Sebastian is a knight, Daniel is a knight, Abigail is a knight, Elizabeth is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Emma is a knight, Henry is a knight, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Abigail is a knight
(4) Elizabeth is a knave
(5) Aiden is a knight
(6) Emma is a knight
(7) Henry is a knight
(8) Jackson is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knave then Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knave then Henry is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Emma is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave or Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Henry is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Emma is a knave.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knave and Aiden is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave and Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Mia, Noah, Ella, Logan, Aria, Oliver, and Jacob. In a statement by Elizabeth: "Jacob is a knight". Mia noted, "Noah is a knave and Jacob is a knight". In Noah's words: "Aria is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave". Ella noted, "Ella is a knight or Noah is a knight". Logan noted, "Oliver is a knight". Aria remarked, "Logan is not a knight". Oliver stated, "Elizabeth is a knave and Mia is a knave". Jacob said, "If Ella is a knight then Aria is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth Mia Noah Ella Logan Aria Oliver Jacob

Elizabeth is a knight, Mia is a knight, Noah is a knave, Ella is a knave, Logan is a knave, Aria is a knight, Oliver is a knave, and Jacob is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knight
(2) Mia is a knight
(3) Noah is a knave
(4) Ella is a knave
(5) Logan is a knave
(6) Aria is a knight
(7) Oliver is a knave
(8) Jacob is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Aria is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that If Ella is a knight then Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is not a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that Aria is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that Logan is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan and Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knave and Mia is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Aria is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan, Aria, and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight or Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that Ella is a knight or Noah is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Aria is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave and Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave and Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Aiden, Michael, William, Aurora, Jacob, Matthew, and Isabella. "If Matthew is a knave then Jacob is a knight" - Elizabeth. Aiden expressed that Aurora is a knave or Matthew is a knave. "If Elizabeth is a knight then Aiden is a knight," Michael mentioned. "Isabella is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight," William claimed. Aurora stated, "Isabella is a knave and Isabella is a knight". Jacob expressed that Matthew is not a knave. Matthew said that Aurora is a knight and William is a knave. Isabella stated, "Jacob is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth Aiden Michael William Aurora Jacob Matthew Isabella

Elizabeth is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Michael is a knight, William is a knave, Aurora is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Matthew is a knave, and Isabella is a knave.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Michael is a knight
(4) William is a knave
(5) Aurora is a knave
(6) Jacob is a knave
(7) Matthew is a knave
(8) Isabella is a knave

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight and William is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave and Isabella is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Aurora is a knight and William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight and William is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave and Isabella is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is not a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that If Matthew is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, Isabella, Aurora, and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that If Matthew is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that If Matthew is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Jacob is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knight then Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael and Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Aiden is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jack, Luke, Samuel, Noah, Penelope, Ella, Abigail, and Ava. Jack asserted: "Noah is a knave". Luke asserted: "Samuel is a knave". Samuel said that If Samuel is a knight then Abigail is a knave. "Luke is a knave or Ava is a knight," Noah mentioned. Penelope said, "Noah is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave." In a statement by Ella: "Ava is a knave and Penelope is a knight". Abigail said, "Ella is a knight." Ava said, "If Noah is a knave then Abigail is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack Luke Samuel Noah Penelope Ella Abigail Ava

Jack is a knave, Luke is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Noah is a knight, Penelope is a knave, Ella is a knave, Abigail is a knave, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Luke is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knight
(4) Noah is a knight
(5) Penelope is a knave
(6) Ella is a knave
(7) Abigail is a knave
(8) Ava is a knight

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave or Ava is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Samuel is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Luke cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Luke is a knave or Ava is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Luke and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave or Ava is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that If Samuel is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: David, Ella, Matthew, Charlotte, Oliver, Samuel, Riley, and Alexander. David stated, "Riley is not a knave". "If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knight," Ella claimed. "Samuel is a knight or Riley is a knave," Matthew declared. Charlotte asserted: "Riley is a knight". Oliver commented, "David is a knave". "Charlotte is a knight and Riley is a knave," Samuel mentioned. Riley remarked, "If Matthew is a knave then Samuel is a knave". Alexander stated, "If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

David Ella Matthew Charlotte Oliver Samuel Riley Alexander

David is a knight, Ella is a knave, Matthew is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Oliver is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Riley is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) David is a knight
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knave
(4) Charlotte is a knight
(5) Oliver is a knave
(6) Samuel is a knave
(7) Riley is a knight
(8) Alexander is a knight

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Samuel is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Samuel is a knight or Riley is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Samuel is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Samuel is a knave then Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Zoey, Liam, Alexander, Amelia, Riley, Jack, Emily, and Lily. "Amelia is not a knight," Zoey claimed. Liam stated, "Lily is a knight or Zoey is a knight". In Alexander's words: "Jack is a knight". Amelia remarked, "If Jack is a knave then Alexander is a knave". Riley was heard saying, "Emily is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave". "Zoey is a knave and Liam is a knight," Jack claimed. Emily expressed that Zoey is a knight and Liam is a knight. In a statement by Lily: "Amelia is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey Liam Alexander Amelia Riley Jack Emily Lily

Zoey is a knave, Liam is a knave, Alexander is a knave, Amelia is a knight, Riley is a knave, Jack is a knave, Emily is a knave, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knave
(2) Liam is a knave
(3) Alexander is a knave
(4) Amelia is a knight
(5) Riley is a knave
(6) Jack is a knave
(7) Emily is a knave
(8) Lily is a knave

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that If Jack is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that If Jack is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Amelia is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lily is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, Jack, and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is not a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Lily is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Zoey is a knave and Liam is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Zoey is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Lily is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight and Liam is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Emily is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Emily is a knight if and only if Zoey is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight and Liam is a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 3)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 7), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 5), ('->', ('lying', 5), ('lying', 2)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 6), ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 3)))