A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Chloe, Jacob, Aiden, Harper, Henry, and Scarlett. As Chloe put it, "Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight". Jacob said that Henry is a knight or Chloe is a knight. "Jacob is a knight or Chloe is a knight" - Aiden. According to Harper, "Henry is a knave and Jacob is a knight". Henry said, "Harper is a knight and Aiden is a knave." "Henry is a knight or Harper is a knave," Scarlett claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Aiden is a knave, Harper is a knave, Henry is a knave, and Scarlett is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Jacob is a knave
(3) Aiden is a knave
(4) Harper is a knave
(5) Henry is a knave
(6) Scarlett is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Henry is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Henry is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jacob is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden and Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Henry is a knave and Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, Henry, and Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that Harper is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Harper is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Jacob is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight or Harper is a knave.

(('<=>', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('lying', 4), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 3), ('lying', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 3)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ella, Aurora, Jackson, Noah, James, and Mason. As Ella put it, "If Mason is a knight then James is a knave". Aurora commented, "James is a knave". Jackson remarked, "Noah is a knight or Mason is a knight". Noah commented, "Mason is a knight". James said, "Ella is a knave." Mason expressed that Aurora is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Noah is a knight, James is a knave, and Mason is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) Noah is a knight
(5) James is a knave
(6) Mason is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knight then James is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that If Mason is a knight then James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Mason is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Michael, Avery, Lily, Riley, Olivia, and Sebastian. Michael remarked, "Olivia is a knight". Avery said that Sebastian is a knight and Michael is a knight. Lily asserted: "Riley is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave". "Michael is not a knight," Riley claimed. Olivia said that Avery is not a knight. Sebastian told you that Lily is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Avery Lily Riley Olivia Sebastian

Michael is a knight, Avery is a knave, Lily is a knight, Riley is a knave, Olivia is a knight, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Lily is a knight
(4) Riley is a knave
(5) Olivia is a knight
(6) Sebastian is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Sebastian is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Riley is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

(('telling-truth', 4), ('and', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 3), ('lying', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('lying', 2))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ella, Oliver, Michael, Chloe, Ethan, and David. "Ethan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight," Ella declared. "Ethan is not a knight," Oliver mentioned. "David is a knave" - Michael. Chloe remarked, "If Michael is a knight then Oliver is a knave". Ethan told you that Ella is not a knave. David expressed that If Michael is a knave then Ella is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Michael is a knave, Chloe is a knight, Ethan is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Michael is a knave
(4) Chloe is a knight
(5) Ethan is a knave
(6) David is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Ethan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Michael is a knave then Ella is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that David is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ella is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that Ethan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then Ella is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knight then Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: William, Olivia, Avery, Penelope, Owen, and Riley. William expressed that If Olivia is a knave then Owen is a knight. "Riley is a knight," Olivia claimed. "William is a knave and Riley is a knave," Avery mentioned. "Riley is not a knight," Penelope claimed. Owen stated, "Avery is a knight". According to Riley, "Owen is a knave or Olivia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William Olivia Avery Penelope Owen Riley

William is a knight, Olivia is a knight, Avery is a knave, Penelope is a knave, Owen is a knave, and Riley is a knight.

(1) William is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Avery is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knave
(5) Owen is a knave
(6) Riley is a knight

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knave then Owen is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave or Olivia is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Owen is a knave or Olivia is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knave and Riley is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave and Riley is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is not a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: James, Elizabeth, Aurora, Aria, Olivia, and David. James said that Aria is a knight. Elizabeth stated, "James is a knave or Olivia is a knight". Aurora said, "If Aria is a knight then Elizabeth is a knight." Aria commented, "If Elizabeth is a knave then Aurora is a knight". "David is a knight" - Olivia. "Elizabeth is a knight or David is a knight," David declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Elizabeth Aurora Aria Olivia David

James is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Aria is a knight, Olivia is a knight, and David is a knight.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Aurora is a knight
(4) Aria is a knight
(5) Olivia is a knight
(6) David is a knight

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Olivia is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or David is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Elizabeth is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 3), ('or', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 5), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 5)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Michael, Aiden, Ava, Jackson, Matthew, and Penelope. Michael said, "Aiden is a knight or Ava is a knave." According to Aiden, "Penelope is not a knave". "Matthew is a knight or Matthew is a knave," Ava mentioned. "Ava is not a knave," Jackson declared. "Michael is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave," Matthew mentioned. Penelope said that Michael is a knave or Penelope is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Aiden Ava Jackson Matthew Penelope

Michael is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Ava is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Penelope is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Ava is a knight
(4) Jackson is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knave
(6) Penelope is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Ava is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave or Penelope is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Michael is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ava is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sofia, Amelia, Alexander, Evelyn, Riley, and Isabella. According to Sofia, "Isabella is not a knight". In a statement by Amelia: "If Amelia is a knight then Riley is a knight". Alexander was heard saying, "Amelia is a knight or Amelia is a knave". Evelyn said, "Alexander is not a knight." Riley remarked, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave". Isabella remarked, "Evelyn is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sofia Amelia Alexander Evelyn Riley Isabella

Sofia is a knave, Amelia is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Riley is a knight, and Isabella is a knight.

(1) Sofia is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight
(4) Evelyn is a knave
(5) Riley is a knight
(6) Isabella is a knight

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Isabella is not a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Amelia is a knight or Amelia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Isabella that Evelyn is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn and Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is not a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knight then Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ella, Amelia, Charlotte, Jack, Penelope, and Oliver. Ella commented, "Penelope is not a knight". "Ella is a knight or Jack is a knave," Amelia claimed. Charlotte said, "Penelope is a knave and Penelope is a knight." Jack commented, "Oliver is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knave". Penelope expressed that If Jack is a knight then Amelia is a knight. Oliver told you that Amelia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella Amelia Charlotte Jack Penelope Oliver

Ella is a knave, Amelia is a knight, Charlotte is a knave, Jack is a knave, Penelope is a knight, and Oliver is a knave.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Charlotte is a knave
(4) Jack is a knave
(5) Penelope is a knight
(6) Oliver is a knave

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Penelope is not a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that If Jack is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ella is a knight or Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia and Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that If Jack is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack and Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is not a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knight or Jack is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that If Jack is a knight then Amelia is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Jack is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave and Penelope is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: James, Henry, Abigail, Ethan, Charlotte, and Zoey. James expressed that Zoey is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight. Henry noted, "Abigail is a knave or Zoey is a knight". In a statement by Abigail: "Ethan is a knave and Abigail is a knight". Ethan stated, "Abigail is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight". "Ethan is not a knight," Charlotte declared. "If Abigail is a knight then Abigail is a knave," Zoey claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Henry Abigail Ethan Charlotte Zoey

James is a knight, Henry is a knave, Abigail is a knight, Ethan is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Henry is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knight
(4) Ethan is a knave
(5) Charlotte is a knight
(6) Zoey is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that If Abigail is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is not a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Abigail is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Abigail is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ethan is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, Ethan, and Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Abigail is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Ethan is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Zoey is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave or Zoey is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sebastian, Owen, William, David, Noah, and Daniel. Sebastian was heard saying, "William is a knave or Noah is a knight". Owen was heard saying, "Sebastian is not a knight". William told you that Owen is a knave and Owen is a knight. In a statement by David: "Noah is a knight". In a statement by Noah: "William is a knave". Daniel commented, "David is a knight and William is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Owen William David Noah Daniel

Sebastian is a knight, Owen is a knave, William is a knave, David is a knight, Noah is a knight, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) William is a knave
(4) David is a knight
(5) Noah is a knight
(6) Daniel is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave or Noah is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave and Owen is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave and Owen is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knight and William is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight and William is a knight.

(('or', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 2), ('and', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Victoria, Elizabeth, Lucas, Lily, Jack, and Luke. Victoria was heard saying, "Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave". Elizabeth commented, "If Lily is a knave then Jack is a knave". Lucas said that If Lily is a knight then Victoria is a knight. According to Lily, "Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave". Jack expressed that Lily is a knight or Victoria is a knight. Luke noted, "Victoria is a knight and Jack is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Lily is a knave, Jack is a knave, and Luke is a knave.

(1) Victoria is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knight
(4) Lily is a knave
(5) Jack is a knave
(6) Luke is a knave

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Victoria is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that If Lily is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Lily is a knight then Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas and Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that If Lily is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, Lily, and Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight and Jack is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight and Jack is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Joseph, Liam, Lily, Isabella, Samuel, and Avery. Joseph noted, "Lily is not a knave". Liam commented, "Samuel is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight". Lily was heard saying, "Liam is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave". Isabella said, "Joseph is a knave or Avery is a knight." Samuel was heard saying, "Avery is a knave and Avery is a knight". According to Avery, "Isabella is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph is a knight, Liam is a knight, Lily is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Samuel is a knave, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Lily is a knight
(4) Isabella is a knave
(5) Samuel is a knave
(6) Avery is a knave

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knave and Avery is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave and Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Samuel is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Joseph is a knave or Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave or Avery is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Aurora, Emma, Liam, Mason, Mia, and Luke. Aurora remarked, "Liam is not a knave". Emma commented, "Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight". Liam told you that Luke is a knight and Emma is a knave. In a statement by Mason: "Luke is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight". "Emma is not a knight," Mia mentioned. "Aurora is a knave or Mason is a knave," Luke claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora is a knight, Emma is a knave, Liam is a knight, Mason is a knave, Mia is a knight, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Liam is a knight
(4) Mason is a knave
(5) Mia is a knight
(6) Luke is a knight

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight and Emma is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave or Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Aurora is a knave or Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Mia is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sofia, Samuel, Jack, Elizabeth, Oliver, and Grace. Sofia remarked, "Jack is not a knave". Samuel asserted: "Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knave". Jack expressed that Elizabeth is a knight. "Grace is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight," Elizabeth mentioned. "Elizabeth is not a knight," Oliver mentioned. "Elizabeth is not a knight," Grace declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sofia Samuel Jack Elizabeth Oliver Grace

Sofia is a knight, Samuel is a knight, Jack is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Oliver is a knave, and Grace is a knave.

(1) Sofia is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Jack is a knight
(4) Elizabeth is a knight
(5) Oliver is a knave
(6) Grace is a knave

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Grace is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Henry, Riley, Victoria, Avery, Sofia, and William. In Henry's words: "William is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight". Riley asserted: "Victoria is not a knave". "Sofia is a knave or Henry is a knight," Victoria mentioned. Avery told you that Victoria is a knight and Henry is a knight. "Riley is a knight or William is a knave," Sofia declared. In William's words: "Avery is a knave or Avery is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry Riley Victoria Avery Sofia William

Henry is a knight, Riley is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Avery is a knight, Sofia is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Henry is a knight
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knight
(4) Avery is a knight
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) William is a knight

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight if and only if Avery is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave or Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave or Henry is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight or William is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Grace, Penelope, Mia, Noah, Matthew, and Lily. "Noah is a knave" - Grace. Penelope asserted: "Mia is a knight". In a statement by Mia: "Grace is a knave". Noah said, "Mia is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight." Matthew said that Noah is not a knave. "Mia is not a knight" - Lily. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Mia is a knight, Noah is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Penelope is a knight
(3) Mia is a knight
(4) Noah is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knight
(6) Lily is a knave

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is not a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Mia is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, Mia, and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is not a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Joseph, Aiden, William, Elizabeth, Logan, and Jack. Joseph told you that Elizabeth is a knave or Aiden is a knave. Aiden noted, "Elizabeth is a knave". William told you that If Jack is a knight then Aiden is a knight. Elizabeth remarked, "If William is a knight then Jack is a knight". According to Logan, "Elizabeth is a knight if and only if William is a knave". As Jack put it, "Logan is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph Aiden William Elizabeth Logan Jack

Joseph is a knight, Aiden is a knave, William is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Logan is a knight, and Jack is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knave
(3) William is a knave
(4) Elizabeth is a knight
(5) Logan is a knight
(6) Jack is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knight then Jack is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Aiden is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Logan is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that If William is a knight then Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Aiden is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Elizabeth is a knave or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: William, James, Avery, Samuel, Elizabeth, and Michael. William remarked, "William is a knight". James told you that William is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight. "William is a knight and Michael is a knight," Avery mentioned. Samuel told you that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if William is a knight. Elizabeth noted, "If William is a knight then James is a knave". Michael was heard saying, "Samuel is a knight if and only if James is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William James Avery Samuel Elizabeth Michael

William is a knave, James is a knave, Avery is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, and Michael is a knave.

(1) William is a knave
(2) James is a knave
(3) Avery is a knave
(4) Samuel is a knave
(5) Elizabeth is a knight
(6) Michael is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If William is a knight then James is a knave.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that William is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that William is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If William is a knight then James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth and James, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that William is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knight then James is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if William is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Samuel is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight if and only if William is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ethan, Henry, Ella, Evelyn, Charlotte, and Daniel. Ethan was heard saying, "Charlotte is a knight". According to Henry, "Charlotte is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight". According to Ella, "Charlotte is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knight". In a statement by Evelyn: "Daniel is not a knave". Charlotte told you that Ethan is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight. "Charlotte is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight," Daniel claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan Henry Ella Evelyn Charlotte Daniel

Ethan is a knight, Henry is a knight, Ella is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, and Daniel is a knight.

(1) Ethan is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Ella is a knight
(4) Evelyn is a knight
(5) Charlotte is a knight
(6) Daniel is a knight

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Ethan is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jack, Michael, Joseph, Grace, Harper, and Benjamin. Jack remarked, "Harper is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave". "Harper is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave," Michael mentioned. "If Benjamin is a knight then Jack is a knave," Joseph claimed. Grace said, "If Joseph is a knight then Michael is a knave." Harper expressed that Michael is not a knave. Benjamin stated, "Jack is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack Michael Joseph Grace Harper Benjamin

Jack is a knave, Michael is a knave, Joseph is a knight, Grace is a knight, Harper is a knave, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knight
(4) Grace is a knight
(5) Harper is a knave
(6) Benjamin is a knave

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Michael is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Jack is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knight then Michael is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Abigail, Emma, Evelyn, Mia, William, and Daniel. "Evelyn is a knight," Abigail mentioned. In Emma's words: "If Emma is a knight then Daniel is a knave". Evelyn remarked, "Abigail is a knight or William is a knight". As Mia put it, "Evelyn is a knight". William said, "Daniel is a knight." Daniel said, "Mia is a knight or Evelyn is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail is a knave, Emma is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Mia is a knave, William is a knave, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Abigail is a knave
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knave
(4) Mia is a knave
(5) William is a knave
(6) Daniel is a knave

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight or William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Emma is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Emma is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of William that Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Mia is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel and William, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight or William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Evelyn that Abigail is a knight or William is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 2), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 5)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 5), ('or', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sebastian, Daniel, Penelope, Matthew, Owen, and James. Sebastian remarked, "James is a knave or Owen is a knight". Daniel told you that Sebastian is a knight or Penelope is a knight. Penelope asserted: "James is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight". Matthew commented, "Owen is a knave". Owen commented, "Sebastian is a knight". James told you that Owen is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Daniel Penelope Matthew Owen James

Sebastian is a knight, Daniel is a knight, Penelope is a knight, Matthew is a knave, Owen is a knight, and James is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Penelope is a knight
(4) Matthew is a knave
(5) Owen is a knight
(6) James is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Owen is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that James is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that James is a knave or Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight or Penelope is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Lily, Mia, Charlotte, Matthew, Luke, and Zoey. Lily remarked, "Mia is not a knight". Mia told you that Matthew is a knave. Charlotte was heard saying, "Lily is a knight". In a statement by Matthew: "Luke is a knave and Charlotte is a knight". Luke expressed that If Mia is a knight then Zoey is a knave. "Matthew is not a knave," Zoey declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily is a knave, Mia is a knight, Charlotte is a knave, Matthew is a knave, Luke is a knight, and Zoey is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Mia is a knight
(3) Charlotte is a knave
(4) Matthew is a knave
(5) Luke is a knight
(6) Zoey is a knave

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is not a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Mia is not a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave and Charlotte is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Luke is a knave and Charlotte is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Mia is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Luke, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Matthew is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is not a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave and Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mia is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that If Mia is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is not a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Mason, Lily, Aria, Penelope, Lucas, and Ava. Mason asserted: "If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave". Lily noted, "Ava is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight". "Lily is not a knave," Aria declared. Penelope expressed that Lily is a knight or Aria is a knight. Lucas noted, "Lily is a knave and Penelope is a knight". Ava said, "Mason is not a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason is a knight, Lily is a knave, Aria is a knave, Penelope is a knave, Lucas is a knave, and Ava is a knave.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Lily is a knave
(3) Aria is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knave
(5) Lucas is a knave
(6) Ava is a knave

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that If Lily is a knight then Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Ava is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is not a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knight or Aria is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight or Aria is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave and Penelope is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Charlotte, David, Michael, Luke, Jackson, and Evelyn. "Michael is a knave" - Charlotte. "If Evelyn is a knight then Charlotte is a knight," David declared. Michael expressed that If Jackson is a knave then Charlotte is a knight. Luke remarked, "Jackson is a knight". Jackson stated, "Luke is a knight and Evelyn is a knave". Evelyn noted, "Jackson is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte David Michael Luke Jackson Evelyn

Charlotte is a knave, David is a knight, Michael is a knight, Luke is a knight, Jackson is a knight, and Evelyn is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) David is a knight
(3) Michael is a knight
(4) Luke is a knight
(5) Jackson is a knight
(6) Evelyn is a knave

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Jackson is a knave then Charlotte is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knave then Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Luke is a knight and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knight then Charlotte is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Emily, Elizabeth, Harper, Aria, Michael, and Alexander. "Alexander is a knave if and only if Harper is a knave," Emily declared. Elizabeth commented, "Michael is a knight or Aria is a knave". In a statement by Harper: "Emily is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight". Aria remarked, "Emily is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight". Michael told you that If Emily is a knave then Aria is a knave. Alexander asserted: "Harper is a knight and Michael is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily Elizabeth Harper Aria Michael Alexander

Emily is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Harper is a knight, Aria is a knave, Michael is a knight, and Alexander is a knave.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Harper is a knight
(4) Aria is a knave
(5) Michael is a knight
(6) Alexander is a knave

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Michael is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight or Aria is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Harper is a knight and Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Emily is a knave then Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Emily is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Alexander is a knave if and only if Harper is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Michael is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Alexander is a knave if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Emily is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight or Aria is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Michael is a knight or Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, Elizabeth, Harper, and Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave if and only if Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Alexander is a knave if and only if Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Emily is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knave then Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight if and only if Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Olivia, Harper, Owen, Elizabeth, Emma, and Abigail. Olivia noted, "Emma is a knight or Emma is a knave". Harper noted, "Abigail is a knave and Emma is a knave". According to Owen, "If Olivia is a knave then Elizabeth is a knight". "If Abigail is a knave then Olivia is a knight," Elizabeth mentioned. Emma stated, "If Emma is a knight then Elizabeth is a knight". Abigail was heard saying, "Emma is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia Harper Owen Elizabeth Emma Abigail

Olivia is a knight, Harper is a knave, Owen is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Emma is a knight, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Harper is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight
(4) Elizabeth is a knight
(5) Emma is a knight
(6) Abigail is a knight

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knight then Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knave then Elizabeth is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jackson, Amelia, Liam, Joseph, Daniel, and Chloe. Jackson expressed that Jackson is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave. Amelia told you that If Jackson is a knave then Amelia is a knight. Liam said, "Chloe is a knave." Joseph said that Liam is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave. "Jackson is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight," Daniel claimed. Chloe expressed that Joseph is a knight and Liam is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Liam is a knight, Joseph is a knave, Daniel is a knight, and Chloe is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Liam is a knight
(4) Joseph is a knave
(5) Daniel is a knight
(6) Chloe is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Jackson is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Liam is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Joseph is a knight and Liam is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Chloe is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knave then Amelia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Aiden, Sebastian, Grace, Abigail, and Benjamin. In Elizabeth's words: "Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave". Aiden told you that Sebastian is a knave or Benjamin is a knight. Sebastian remarked, "Benjamin is a knight or Abigail is a knight". Grace said, "Abigail is not a knight." "If Elizabeth is a knight then Abigail is a knight" - Abigail. In Benjamin's words: "Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth Aiden Sebastian Grace Abigail Benjamin

Elizabeth is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Grace is a knave, Abigail is a knight, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Sebastian is a knight
(4) Grace is a knave
(5) Abigail is a knight
(6) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Abigail is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is not a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Abigail is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knight then Abigail is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Abigail is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave or Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Zoey, Oliver, Lily, Daniel, Luke, and Joseph. According to Zoey, "Joseph is a knave". Oliver noted, "Daniel is not a knave". "Daniel is a knave and Luke is a knight" - Lily. According to Daniel, "If Luke is a knight then Zoey is a knave". "If Joseph is a knave then Zoey is a knave," Luke mentioned. In a statement by Joseph: "Oliver is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Lily is a knave, Daniel is a knight, Luke is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Lily is a knave
(4) Daniel is a knight
(5) Luke is a knave
(6) Joseph is a knave

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If Luke is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Joseph is a knave then Zoey is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave and Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jack, Daniel, Mia, William, Aurora, and Liam. Jack told you that Daniel is not a knave. "William is a knave," Daniel mentioned. "If Daniel is a knight then William is a knight" - Mia. William was heard saying, "Liam is a knave". Aurora was heard saying, "Jack is a knave or William is a knight". "Mia is a knight and Mia is a knave," Liam declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jack is a knave, Daniel is a knave, Mia is a knight, William is a knight, Aurora is a knight, and Liam is a knave.

(1) Jack is a knave
(2) Daniel is a knave
(3) Mia is a knight
(4) William is a knight
(5) Aurora is a knight
(6) Liam is a knave

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that William is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knight and Mia is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam and William, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that Daniel is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight and Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then William is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave or William is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jackson, Logan, Owen, Matthew, Zoey, and Ava. Jackson commented, "Logan is a knight or Ava is a knave". In Logan's words: "Ava is not a knight". "If Ava is a knave then Logan is a knight," Owen mentioned. Matthew noted, "Owen is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight". "Matthew is a knave or Ava is a knave," Zoey mentioned. In a statement by Ava: "Matthew is a knave or Owen is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson is a knave, Logan is a knave, Owen is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Zoey is a knave, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Jackson is a knave
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) Owen is a knight
(4) Matthew is a knight
(5) Zoey is a knave
(6) Ava is a knight

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight or Ava is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave or Owen is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Owen is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Ava is a knave then Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Matthew is a knave or Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Logan is a knight or Ava is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Ava is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight or Ava is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that Logan is a knight or Ava is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or Owen is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knave then Logan is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knave or Ava is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave or Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Zoey, Riley, Mia, Ella, Lily, and Harper. Zoey remarked, "Riley is not a knave". According to Riley, "Harper is a knight or Mia is a knight". Mia commented, "If Lily is a knave then Zoey is a knave". As Ella put it, "Riley is a knight". Lily stated, "Lily is a knight". In a statement by Harper: "Zoey is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey is a knight, Riley is a knight, Mia is a knight, Ella is a knight, Lily is a knight, and Harper is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Mia is a knight
(4) Ella is a knight
(5) Lily is a knight
(6) Harper is a knave

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight or Mia is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is not a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is not a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Olivia, Lucas, Victoria, Alexander, Matthew, and Lily. "Olivia is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knave," Olivia declared. "Olivia is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight" - Lucas. In Victoria's words: "Matthew is not a knave". Alexander expressed that Victoria is a knave or Olivia is a knave. In Matthew's words: "Olivia is a knight". Lily expressed that If Lucas is a knight then Matthew is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia Lucas Victoria Alexander Matthew Lily

Olivia is a knave, Lucas is a knave, Victoria is a knave, Alexander is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knave
(2) Lucas is a knave
(3) Victoria is a knave
(4) Alexander is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knave
(6) Lily is a knight

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Olivia is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Olivia is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Olivia is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is not a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Matthew is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is not a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Matthew is not a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Olivia is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Matthew is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Luke, William, Elizabeth, Riley, Matthew, and David. Luke expressed that Riley is a knight if and only if William is a knave. "Riley is a knight," William claimed. Elizabeth commented, "Riley is not a knave". As Riley put it, "Matthew is a knave or Matthew is a knight". Matthew said, "William is a knight and Riley is a knave." "Elizabeth is a knight or Riley is a knight," David declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke William Elizabeth Riley Matthew David

Luke is a knave, William is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Riley is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) Elizabeth is a knight
(4) Riley is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knave
(6) David is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or Matthew is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight and Riley is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight and Riley is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Riley is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knave or Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight if and only if William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Owen, Isabella, Riley, Emily, Aria, and Oliver. In a statement by Owen: "If Aria is a knave then Oliver is a knight". Isabella told you that Owen is not a knight. Riley told you that If Riley is a knight then Aria is a knight. "Oliver is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight," Emily claimed. Aria noted, "Owen is a knight or Emily is a knave". Oliver said that Aria is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Riley is a knight, Emily is a knave, Aria is a knight, and Oliver is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Emily is a knave
(5) Aria is a knight
(6) Oliver is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is not a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then Aria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Emma, Isabella, Owen, Luke, Matthew, and Avery. Emma stated, "Luke is a knight". Isabella stated, "Emma is a knight and Isabella is a knight". In a statement by Owen: "Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight". Luke said that Matthew is a knight or Isabella is a knave. Matthew told you that Isabella is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave. Avery expressed that Matthew is a knave or Owen is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Owen is a knave, Luke is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Owen is a knave
(4) Luke is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knight
(6) Avery is a knight

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight or Isabella is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Isabella is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Isabella is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or Owen is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Henry, Isabella, Lucas, Charlotte, Matthew, and Liam. "Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight," Henry claimed. According to Isabella, "Charlotte is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave". "Matthew is a knave and Lucas is a knight" - Lucas. "Lucas is a knave and Matthew is a knight," Charlotte mentioned. According to Matthew, "If Henry is a knave then Lucas is a knight". In a statement by Liam: "Henry is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry Isabella Lucas Charlotte Matthew Liam

Henry is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Lucas is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Matthew is a knight, and Liam is a knave.

(1) Henry is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Lucas is a knave
(4) Charlotte is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knight
(6) Liam is a knave

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is not a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is not a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave and Lucas is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Matthew is a knave and Lucas is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Henry is a knave then Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave and Lucas is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that Lucas is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, Lucas, and Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Lucas is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Henry is a knave then Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Noah, Alexander, Riley, Sofia, Ethan, and Charlotte. "If Riley is a knave then Sofia is a knight" - Noah. In Alexander's words: "If Charlotte is a knight then Sofia is a knave". In Riley's words: "Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight". In Sofia's words: "Noah is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight". Ethan was heard saying, "Sofia is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight". Charlotte commented, "Alexander is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Noah Alexander Riley Sofia Ethan Charlotte

Noah is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Riley is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Ethan is a knight, and Charlotte is a knave.

(1) Noah is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Sofia is a knight
(5) Ethan is a knight
(6) Charlotte is a knave

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knave then Sofia is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Charlotte is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight if and only if Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Michael, Joseph, Oliver, Avery, Zoey, and Owen. Michael was heard saying, "Joseph is a knave and Oliver is a knave". Joseph commented, "Zoey is not a knave". Oliver commented, "Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave". As Avery put it, "Owen is a knight or Zoey is a knave". "Owen is a knave and Oliver is a knight," Zoey declared. Owen noted, "Joseph is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael is a knight, Joseph is a knave, Oliver is a knave, Avery is a knight, Zoey is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Oliver is a knave
(4) Avery is a knight
(5) Zoey is a knave
(6) Owen is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave and Oliver is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Joseph is a knave and Oliver is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is not a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Zoey is not a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Joseph is a knave and Oliver is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Chloe, Michael, Oliver, Jackson, Lily, and Alexander. Chloe commented, "Alexander is not a knight". Michael told you that Chloe is a knight. Oliver remarked, "Lily is a knight and Chloe is a knave". As Jackson put it, "Lily is a knave and Alexander is a knave". Lily stated, "Oliver is a knight". In a statement by Alexander: "If Chloe is a knave then Lily is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe Michael Oliver Jackson Lily Alexander

Chloe is a knave, Michael is a knave, Oliver is a knave, Jackson is a knave, Lily is a knave, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Oliver is a knave
(4) Jackson is a knave
(5) Lily is a knave
(6) Alexander is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Chloe is a knave then Lily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that If Chloe is a knave then Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knight and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight and Chloe is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave and Alexander is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave and Alexander is a knave.