A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Lucas, Owen, Olivia, Ella, Ethan, and William. Lucas expressed that Lucas is a knight or Olivia is a knave. Owen remarked, "If Ella is a knave then Lucas is a knave". "Ethan is a knight" - Olivia. Ella was heard saying, "If Lucas is a knight then Owen is a knight". "If Lucas is a knight then William is a knight," Ethan declared. "Ethan is a knave," William mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas is a knave, Owen is a knight, Olivia is a knight, Ella is a knight, Ethan is a knight, and William is a knave.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Owen is a knight
(3) Olivia is a knight
(4) Ella is a knight
(5) Ethan is a knight
(6) William is a knave

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that If Lucas is a knight then William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Ethan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lucas is a knight then William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that If Lucas is a knight then William is a knight.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ethan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, Ethan, and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight or Olivia is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knave then Lucas is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Owen is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Daniel, Harper, Henry, Jacob, Charlotte, and Luke. In Daniel's words: "Harper is a knight and Henry is a knight". "Henry is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight," Harper declared. Henry expressed that Jacob is a knave. Jacob stated, "If Henry is a knight then Harper is a knave". Charlotte stated, "Harper is not a knight". In Luke's words: "If Jacob is a knave then Luke is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel Harper Henry Jacob Charlotte Luke

Daniel is a knave, Harper is a knave, Henry is a knave, Jacob is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Daniel is a knave
(2) Harper is a knave
(3) Henry is a knave
(4) Jacob is a knight
(5) Charlotte is a knight
(6) Luke is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Henry is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Harper is a knight and Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Harper is a knight and Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Daniel that Harper is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Henry is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Henry is a knave if and only if Daniel is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Henry is a knight then Harper is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jacob is a knave then Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: James, Avery, Jacob, Elizabeth, Scarlett, and Jack. James remarked, "Jack is not a knight". "If Scarlett is a knight then Jack is a knave," Avery declared. "Elizabeth is not a knave" - Jacob. "Scarlett is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave," Elizabeth declared. In a statement by Scarlett: "Jacob is a knight and Jack is a knight". Jack was heard saying, "Elizabeth is a knight or Jacob is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Avery Jacob Elizabeth Scarlett Jack

James is a knight, Avery is a knight, Jacob is a knave, Elizabeth is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, and Jack is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knave
(4) Elizabeth is a knave
(5) Scarlett is a knave
(6) Jack is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Jack is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Jacob is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Elizabeth is a knight or Jacob is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is not a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Scarlett is a knight then Jack is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Abigail, Samuel, Harper, Michael, Sofia, and Evelyn. Abigail commented, "Sofia is a knave and Samuel is a knight". Samuel commented, "Abigail is a knave and Evelyn is a knave". In a statement by Harper: "If Evelyn is a knave then Samuel is a knight". "Samuel is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight," Michael declared. In Sofia's words: "Michael is a knight and Evelyn is a knight". Evelyn was heard saying, "If Harper is a knave then Harper is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail Samuel Harper Michael Sofia Evelyn

Abigail is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Harper is a knight, Michael is a knight, Sofia is a knight, and Evelyn is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Harper is a knight
(4) Michael is a knight
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) Evelyn is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Sofia is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave and Evelyn is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Sofia is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, Michael, and Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave and Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Abigail is a knave and Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Michael is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Samuel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Aria, Jackson, Ella, Benjamin, Henry, and Samuel. Aria asserted: "Henry is a knave". Jackson noted, "Benjamin is a knight or Henry is a knave". Ella stated, "Jackson is not a knave". According to Benjamin, "Jackson is a knave". Henry said that Samuel is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave. According to Samuel, "Aria is a knave or Henry is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Ella is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, Henry is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Aria is a knight
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Ella is a knight
(4) Benjamin is a knave
(5) Henry is a knave
(6) Samuel is a knave

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that Samuel is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave or Henry is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight or Henry is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sebastian, Oliver, Mia, Elizabeth, Emily, and Ava. Sebastian stated, "Emily is not a knave". Oliver stated, "Sebastian is a knight and Sebastian is a knave". Mia noted, "Emily is not a knave". Elizabeth said that If Ava is a knave then Oliver is a knave. In Emily's words: "Ava is not a knave". In a statement by Ava: "Sebastian is a knave or Emily is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Oliver Mia Elizabeth Emily Ava

Sebastian is a knight, Oliver is a knave, Mia is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Emily is a knight, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knave
(3) Mia is a knight
(4) Elizabeth is a knight
(5) Emily is a knight
(6) Ava is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave or Emily is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knight and Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight and Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knave then Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Isabella, Sophia, Joseph, Daniel, Chloe, and Sebastian. Isabella stated, "Sophia is a knave or Daniel is a knight". Sophia asserted: "If Daniel is a knight then Joseph is a knight". Joseph asserted: "Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight". Daniel said, "Daniel is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight." Chloe noted, "Sophia is not a knave". Sebastian was heard saying, "Sophia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Sophia Joseph Daniel Chloe Sebastian

Isabella is a knave, Sophia is a knight, Joseph is a knave, Daniel is a knave, Chloe is a knight, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knave
(4) Daniel is a knave
(5) Chloe is a knight
(6) Sebastian is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that If Daniel is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Sophia is a knave or Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Daniel is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that If Daniel is a knight then Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel and Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave or Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Isabella that Sophia is a knave or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Olivia, Michael, Penelope, Scarlett, Joseph, and James. Olivia told you that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knight. "Olivia is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight," Michael declared. In a statement by Penelope: "Scarlett is a knave or James is a knave". Scarlett asserted: "Olivia is not a knave". As Joseph put it, "Scarlett is a knight". "Michael is a knave and Joseph is a knave," James claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia Michael Penelope Scarlett Joseph James

Olivia is a knight, Michael is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Joseph is a knight, and James is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Penelope is a knight
(4) Scarlett is a knight
(5) Joseph is a knight
(6) James is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is not a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave or James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Scarlett is a knave or James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave and Joseph is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Luke, Grace, Olivia, Evelyn, Elizabeth, and Ava. "Ava is a knight and Evelyn is a knight," Luke claimed. Grace stated, "Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knave". Olivia was heard saying, "Luke is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight". Evelyn told you that Elizabeth is not a knight. "Olivia is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight," Elizabeth mentioned. "Evelyn is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knave," Ava declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knave, Grace is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Evelyn is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knave
(4) Evelyn is a knave
(5) Elizabeth is a knight
(6) Ava is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Olivia is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Ava is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Ava is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Ava is a knight and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Olivia is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Elizabeth is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Oliver, Aurora, Riley, Ethan, Sebastian, and Alexander. In a statement by Oliver: "Riley is a knave and Aurora is a knave". In a statement by Aurora: "Alexander is not a knave". Riley told you that If Aurora is a knave then Oliver is a knight. Ethan asserted: "Sebastian is a knave". Sebastian commented, "If Ethan is a knave then Sebastian is a knight". In Alexander's words: "Sebastian is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver Aurora Riley Ethan Sebastian Alexander

Oliver is a knave, Aurora is a knight, Riley is a knight, Ethan is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knight
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Ethan is a knave
(5) Sebastian is a knight
(6) Alexander is a knight

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave and Aurora is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Riley is a knave and Aurora is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Aurora is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave and Aurora is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knave then Oliver is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knave then Sebastian is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Avery, Oliver, Amelia, Chloe, Benjamin, and Abigail. Avery commented, "Abigail is a knave". As Oliver put it, "Chloe is a knight or Amelia is a knave". Amelia stated, "Chloe is a knight". "Amelia is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knight," Chloe declared. In Benjamin's words: "Amelia is a knight or Avery is a knave". In Abigail's words: "Chloe is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery Oliver Amelia Chloe Benjamin Abigail

Avery is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Chloe is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, and Abigail is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knight
(4) Chloe is a knight
(5) Benjamin is a knight
(6) Abigail is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Amelia is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Amelia is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia, Chloe, and Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Avery is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Amelia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Grace, Evelyn, Sebastian, James, Oliver, and Sophia. Grace said, "Sebastian is not a knight." Evelyn remarked, "Oliver is not a knight". Sebastian expressed that Evelyn is not a knight. James stated, "Sophia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight". Oliver stated, "James is a knave or Sebastian is a knave". "James is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight," Sophia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Evelyn Sebastian James Oliver Sophia

Grace is a knave, Evelyn is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, James is a knave, Oliver is a knight, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Evelyn is a knave
(3) Sebastian is a knight
(4) James is a knave
(5) Oliver is a knight
(6) Sophia is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is not a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Oliver is not a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that James is a knave or Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that Evelyn is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Evelyn is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is not a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Sebastian is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ella, Avery, Owen, Scarlett, Charlotte, and Ava. As Ella put it, "Avery is a knave". Avery noted, "If Ava is a knave then Scarlett is a knave". Owen remarked, "Scarlett is not a knight". Scarlett told you that Ava is a knight and Scarlett is a knight. "Avery is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight" - Charlotte. Ava said, "Owen is a knight or Charlotte is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knave, Avery is a knight, Owen is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Owen is a knight
(4) Scarlett is a knave
(5) Charlotte is a knave
(6) Ava is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Ava is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that If Ava is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Owen is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that If Ava is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, Owen, Ava, and Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knave then Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Owen, Riley, Olivia, Evelyn, Matthew, and Emma. In Owen's words: "Olivia is a knave and Emma is a knave". As Riley put it, "Olivia is a knave". In Olivia's words: "If Emma is a knave then Matthew is a knave". Evelyn noted, "If Evelyn is a knight then Owen is a knave". In Matthew's words: "Evelyn is a knave". Emma expressed that Olivia is a knave and Owen is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knave, Riley is a knave, Olivia is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knave
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knight
(4) Evelyn is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knave
(6) Emma is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Olivia is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Emma is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Olivia is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Olivia is a knave and Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave and Owen is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Owen is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that If Emma is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knight then Owen is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Penelope, Sebastian, Harper, Jack, Lily, and Ella. Penelope commented, "Harper is a knave or Lily is a knight". Sebastian commented, "Ella is a knave". Harper said that Jack is not a knave. Jack said, "Ella is a knight or Ella is a knave." Lily was heard saying, "Penelope is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight". Ella said that Harper is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope Sebastian Harper Jack Lily Ella

Penelope is a knave, Sebastian is a knave, Harper is a knight, Jack is a knight, Lily is a knave, and Ella is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knave
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Harper is a knight
(4) Jack is a knight
(5) Lily is a knave
(6) Ella is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave or Lily is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Harper is a knave or Lily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Harper is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Jack is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Jack is not a knave.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ella is a knight or Ella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack and Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave or Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that Harper is a knave or Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Victoria, Emma, Aiden, Alexander, Daniel, and Penelope. Victoria said that If Daniel is a knight then Victoria is a knight. In a statement by Emma: "Daniel is not a knight". Aiden said, "Victoria is a knight." "Emma is a knave," Alexander mentioned. "If Emma is a knave then Penelope is a knave," Daniel declared. Penelope told you that Aiden is a knave and Emma is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria Emma Aiden Alexander Daniel Penelope

Victoria is a knight, Emma is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Daniel is a knight, and Penelope is a knave.

(1) Victoria is a knight
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Aiden is a knight
(4) Alexander is a knight
(5) Daniel is a knight
(6) Penelope is a knave

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knight then Victoria is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knave then Penelope is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If Emma is a knave then Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Luke, Riley, Abigail, Aria, Owen, and Lily. Luke told you that If Riley is a knight then Abigail is a knave. "Aria is not a knight," Riley claimed. Abigail stated, "If Lily is a knave then Abigail is a knight". Aria was heard saying, "Abigail is a knave or Owen is a knight". "Luke is a knave," Owen declared. Lily told you that Abigail is a knight and Abigail is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Riley is a knave, Abigail is a knave, Aria is a knight, Owen is a knave, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knave
(4) Aria is a knight
(5) Owen is a knave
(6) Lily is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Riley is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Aria is not a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave or Owen is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that If Riley is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that Abigail is a knave or Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail and Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is not a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave or Owen is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knight and Abigail is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight and Abigail is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Abigail is a knave or Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen and Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that If Lily is a knave then Abigail is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Luke, Henry, Amelia, Logan, Chloe, and Penelope. Luke expressed that Penelope is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight. "Amelia is not a knight," Henry declared. In Amelia's words: "Henry is a knave". "If Logan is a knight then Luke is a knight" - Logan. Chloe remarked, "Chloe is a knight or Logan is a knight". "Chloe is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight," Penelope declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Henry is a knave, Amelia is a knight, Logan is a knight, Chloe is a knight, and Penelope is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Henry is a knave
(3) Amelia is a knight
(4) Logan is a knight
(5) Chloe is a knight
(6) Penelope is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Chloe is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Logan is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knight then Luke is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Penelope is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ava, Mia, Evelyn, Jack, Logan, and Lily. Ava told you that Jack is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knave. Mia commented, "Ava is not a knight". Evelyn remarked, "Ava is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave". Jack stated, "Mia is a knave and Ava is a knave". Logan said, "If Lily is a knight then Evelyn is a knave." Lily stated, "Mia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava is a knight, Mia is a knave, Evelyn is a knight, Jack is a knave, Logan is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Ava is a knight
(2) Mia is a knave
(3) Evelyn is a knight
(4) Jack is a knave
(5) Logan is a knave
(6) Lily is a knight

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight if and only if Evelyn is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave and Ava is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Mia is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that If Lily is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Mia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knight then Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Mason, Daniel, Evelyn, Samuel, Charlotte, and Victoria. Mason commented, "Daniel is a knave or Daniel is a knight". "If Evelyn is a knave then Samuel is a knave," Daniel mentioned. Evelyn said that Mason is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave. Samuel stated, "Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight". Charlotte was heard saying, "Victoria is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight". Victoria commented, "Daniel is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason Daniel Evelyn Samuel Charlotte Victoria

Mason is a knight, Daniel is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, and Victoria is a knave.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knave
(4) Samuel is a knave
(5) Charlotte is a knave
(6) Victoria is a knave

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Samuel is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight if and only if Daniel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If Evelyn is a knave then Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Victoria is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that Victoria is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sophia, Benjamin, Jackson, Abigail, Penelope, and Ava. According to Sophia, "Jackson is not a knight". In Benjamin's words: "Penelope is a knight". Jackson asserted: "Penelope is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight". Abigail said, "Jackson is not a knave." Penelope remarked, "Sophia is a knave". Ava was heard saying, "Sophia is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia Benjamin Jackson Abigail Penelope Ava

Sophia is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Abigail is a knight, Penelope is a knight, and Ava is a knight.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Benjamin is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) Abigail is a knight
(5) Penelope is a knight
(6) Ava is a knight

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is not a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Jackson is not a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that Penelope is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, Penelope, and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is not a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('not', ('lying', 2)), ('lying', 0), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Aiden, William, Jacob, Harper, Grace, and Sebastian. "Jacob is a knight or Grace is a knight," Aiden declared. William told you that Grace is a knight or Jacob is a knave. "If Sebastian is a knave then Harper is a knight," Jacob claimed. Harper remarked, "Aiden is a knave if and only if William is a knight". Grace noted, "Jacob is a knight". Sebastian asserted: "Sebastian is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden William Jacob Harper Grace Sebastian

Aiden is a knight, William is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Harper is a knave, Grace is a knight, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) William is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knight
(4) Harper is a knave
(5) Grace is a knight
(6) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then Harper is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Aiden is a knave if and only if William is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight or Jacob is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Grace is a knight or Jacob is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace and William, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or Jacob is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 2)), ('->', ('lying', 5), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('<=>', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 5))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Penelope, Henry, Mia, Victoria, Sebastian, and William. "If Sebastian is a knave then William is a knight," Penelope claimed. As Henry put it, "If William is a knave then Victoria is a knight". Mia said that Henry is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight. As Victoria put it, "Sebastian is a knight". "Penelope is a knight or Victoria is a knave," Sebastian declared. In William's words: "If Sebastian is a knave then Mia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope Henry Mia Victoria Sebastian William

Penelope is a knight, Henry is a knight, Mia is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Henry is a knight
(3) Mia is a knight
(4) Victoria is a knight
(5) Sebastian is a knight
(6) William is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then William is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then Mia is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knave then Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jackson, Victoria, Elizabeth, Jack, Liam, and David. In Jackson's words: "Liam is a knight if and only if Jack is a knave". Victoria expressed that Elizabeth is not a knight. "David is a knight or Liam is a knight," Elizabeth declared. Jack expressed that Victoria is a knave and David is a knight. "Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight," Liam claimed. David expressed that Jack is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson Victoria Elizabeth Jack Liam David

Jackson is a knave, Victoria is a knight, Elizabeth is a knave, Jack is a knave, Liam is a knave, and David is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Elizabeth is a knave
(4) Jack is a knave
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) David is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Jack is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Liam is a knight if and only if Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Liam is a knight if and only if Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Jack is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that Liam is a knight if and only if Jack is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave and David is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Elizabeth is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight or Liam is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that David is a knight or Liam is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave if and only if Elizabeth is a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 3)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('<=>', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ella, Joseph, Ava, Mason, Sofia, and Aurora. In Ella's words: "Mason is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave". "Mason is not a knave," Joseph declared. Ava told you that Joseph is a knight and Sofia is a knight. "Aurora is not a knave" - Mason. "Ella is a knave and Aurora is a knave," Sofia claimed. Aurora told you that If Aurora is a knight then Ella is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knight, Joseph is a knight, Ava is a knave, Mason is a knight, Sofia is a knave, and Aurora is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Joseph is a knight
(3) Ava is a knave
(4) Mason is a knight
(5) Sofia is a knave
(6) Aurora is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Mason is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave and Aurora is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight and Sofia is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Sofia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Aiden, Grace, Charlotte, Ella, Luke, and Noah. Aiden said, "If Noah is a knave then Noah is a knight." "Charlotte is a knave and Noah is a knave," Grace declared. As Charlotte put it, "If Charlotte is a knight then Noah is a knight". Ella remarked, "Aiden is a knight or Aiden is a knave". "Ella is a knave or Aiden is a knight," Luke declared. Noah told you that Noah is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden is a knight, Grace is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Ella is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Noah is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knight
(4) Ella is a knight
(5) Luke is a knight
(6) Noah is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knave then Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave and Noah is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and Noah is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Charlotte is a knight then Noah is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave or Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Olivia, Isabella, Evelyn, Abigail, Ethan, and Lily. In Olivia's words: "Evelyn is a knave". Isabella said, "Evelyn is not a knave." "Abigail is a knave," Evelyn claimed. "Ethan is a knave or Isabella is a knave" - Abigail. Ethan said that Abigail is not a knave. Lily asserted: "Ethan is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia Isabella Evelyn Abigail Ethan Lily

Olivia is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Evelyn is a knave, Abigail is a knight, Ethan is a knight, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knave
(3) Evelyn is a knave
(4) Abigail is a knight
(5) Ethan is a knight
(6) Lily is a knave

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave or Isabella is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is not a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Owen, Benjamin, Grace, Lucas, Jack, and William. Owen said that If Grace is a knight then Benjamin is a knave. Benjamin was heard saying, "William is a knight or Lucas is a knave". Grace noted, "Owen is not a knave". Lucas said that If Benjamin is a knight then Owen is a knight. Jack stated, "Lucas is a knight". William said that Grace is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, Grace is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Jack is a knight, and William is a knave.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight
(4) Lucas is a knight
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) William is a knave

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that If Grace is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight or Lucas is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that William is a knight or Lucas is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Owen is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Avery, Liam, Emma, Ella, Aria, and Owen. Avery said, "Liam is not a knave." In Liam's words: "Emma is a knight or Aria is a knave". According to Emma, "Avery is a knight". Ella commented, "Aria is a knave". Aria said that Ella is a knight and Ella is a knave. "Aria is not a knight," Owen declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery is a knight, Liam is a knight, Emma is a knight, Ella is a knight, Aria is a knave, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Emma is a knight
(4) Ella is a knight
(5) Aria is a knave
(6) Owen is a knight

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is not a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight or Aria is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Evelyn, Elizabeth, Aria, Lucas, Jackson, and Sofia. Evelyn asserted: "Aria is not a knave". Elizabeth said that If Jackson is a knight then Jackson is a knave. Aria was heard saying, "Elizabeth is a knight or Lucas is a knight". Lucas expressed that Jackson is a knave if and only if Aria is a knight. Jackson commented, "Evelyn is not a knight". In Sofia's words: "Aria is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn Elizabeth Aria Lucas Jackson Sofia

Evelyn is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Aria is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Jackson is a knave, and Sofia is a knave.

(1) Evelyn is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Aria is a knight
(4) Lucas is a knight
(5) Jackson is a knave
(6) Sofia is a knave

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or Lucas is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that If Jackson is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is not a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave if and only if Aria is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is not a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Luke, Alexander, Liam, Mason, Sophia, and Ava. Luke commented, "If Ava is a knight then Mason is a knave". Alexander remarked, "Ava is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight". In Liam's words: "Liam is a knight if and only if Ava is a knave". Mason stated, "Ava is not a knave". Sophia noted, "If Mason is a knave then Liam is a knave". According to Ava, "Sophia is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke is a knight, Alexander is a knave, Liam is a knight, Mason is a knave, Sophia is a knave, and Ava is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knave
(3) Liam is a knight
(4) Mason is a knave
(5) Sophia is a knave
(6) Ava is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knight then Mason is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knave then Liam is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that If Ava is a knight then Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ava is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Sophia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mason is a knave then Liam is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Ava is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: James, Isabella, Aiden, Sofia, Matthew, and Aurora. James was heard saying, "Aiden is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight". Isabella remarked, "Aurora is a knave and James is a knave". As Aiden put it, "Aurora is a knight or Aiden is a knight". Sofia said, "Matthew is a knave or James is a knave." Matthew stated, "James is a knave and Sofia is a knave". "Aurora is a knight if and only if James is a knave" - Aurora. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Isabella Aiden Sofia Matthew Aurora

James is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Aiden is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Aurora is a knave.

(1) James is a knave
(2) Isabella is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knave
(4) Sofia is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knave
(6) Aurora is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Aiden is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aurora is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight or Aiden is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Aurora is a knight or Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora and Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave and Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that James is a knave and Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knave or James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Aiden is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight if and only if James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Aiden is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or James is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave and James is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Ella, Avery, Samuel, Emily, Aria, and Owen. As Ella put it, "Samuel is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight". Avery stated, "Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knave". Samuel stated, "Avery is a knave or Ella is a knight". Emily expressed that Ella is a knave or Owen is a knave. As Aria put it, "Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight". Owen stated, "Owen is a knight or Samuel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella is a knight, Avery is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Emily is a knave, Aria is a knight, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Samuel is a knight
(4) Emily is a knave
(5) Aria is a knight
(6) Owen is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Ella is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knight or Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Samuel is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Harper, Mason, Riley, Samuel, Victoria, and Sebastian. According to Harper, "Riley is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave". In a statement by Mason: "Samuel is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight". In a statement by Riley: "Harper is a knave or Harper is a knight". "Sebastian is a knave or Mason is a knave," Samuel declared. In Victoria's words: "Riley is not a knave". Sebastian stated, "Riley is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper Mason Riley Samuel Victoria Sebastian

Harper is a knave, Mason is a knight, Riley is a knight, Samuel is a knight, Victoria is a knight, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Harper is a knave
(2) Mason is a knight
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Samuel is a knight
(5) Victoria is a knight
(6) Sebastian is a knave

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Riley is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave or Harper is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave or Mason is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Samuel is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is not a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: William, Aria, Sofia, Amelia, James, and Jack. "Aria is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight," William mentioned. Aria noted, "Sofia is a knave and Jack is a knight". "William is a knight or William is a knave," Sofia mentioned. Amelia commented, "James is a knave and James is a knight". In James's words: "William is a knight". Jack said, "William is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William is a knave, Aria is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Amelia is a knave, James is a knave, and Jack is a knight.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Aria is a knave
(3) Sofia is a knight
(4) Amelia is a knave
(5) James is a knave
(6) Jack is a knight

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave and Jack is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Sofia is a knave and Jack is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of William that Aria is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave and Jack is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Aria is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that William is a knight or William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia and Aria, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Aria is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight or William is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave and James is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and James is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('lying', 4), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 0))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Michael, Sebastian, Evelyn, Isabella, Penelope, and Samuel. Michael was heard saying, "Penelope is not a knave". In Sebastian's words: "Isabella is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave". In a statement by Evelyn: "Samuel is not a knave". "Penelope is a knave," Isabella declared. In Penelope's words: "Sebastian is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight". Samuel noted, "Evelyn is a knave and Michael is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Sebastian Evelyn Isabella Penelope Samuel

Michael is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, Evelyn is a knave, Isabella is a knave, Penelope is a knight, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Evelyn is a knave
(4) Isabella is a knave
(5) Penelope is a knight
(6) Samuel is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Evelyn is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Samuel is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Evelyn that Samuel is not a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave and Michael is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Owen, Riley, Sofia, Michael, Grace, and Avery. Owen stated, "Michael is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight". Riley commented, "Sofia is a knight and Avery is a knight". Sofia noted, "Riley is a knave or Michael is a knight". Michael remarked, "If Avery is a knight then Riley is a knight". "If Sofia is a knave then Riley is a knave" - Grace. According to Avery, "Michael is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Owen is a knight, Riley is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Michael is a knight, Grace is a knight, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Owen is a knight
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Sofia is a knight
(4) Michael is a knight
(5) Grace is a knight
(6) Avery is a knight

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Riley is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave or Michael is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight and Avery is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sofia is a knave then Riley is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jacob, Samuel, Matthew, Benjamin, Emily, and David. In a statement by Jacob: "Emily is not a knave". Samuel stated, "Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave". As Matthew put it, "David is a knave". Benjamin commented, "David is a knight or Matthew is a knight". As Emily put it, "Samuel is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight". David commented, "Samuel is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob Samuel Matthew Benjamin Emily David

Jacob is a knave, Samuel is a knave, Matthew is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, Emily is a knave, and David is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knave
(4) Benjamin is a knight
(5) Emily is a knave
(6) David is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that David is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that David is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Samuel is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Samuel is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that David is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider David.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that Matthew is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, Matthew, and Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Emily is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is not a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight or Matthew is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Jacob, Zoey, Ella, James, Liam, and Benjamin. Jacob told you that If James is a knight then Ella is a knight. In Zoey's words: "If Liam is a knight then Liam is a knave". Ella told you that If Liam is a knave then Ella is a knight. As James put it, "If Zoey is a knave then Zoey is a knight". Liam expressed that Ella is a knight if and only if James is a knight. "Jacob is a knight or Liam is a knave," Benjamin claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob is a knave, Zoey is a knight, Ella is a knave, James is a knight, Liam is a knave, and Benjamin is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knight
(3) Ella is a knave
(4) James is a knight
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) Benjamin is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knave then Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knight then Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that If Liam is a knight then Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Ella is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that If James is a knight then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that If Zoey is a knave then Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Zoey is a knave then Zoey is a knight.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that If Zoey is a knave then Zoey is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Liam is a knight then Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Ella is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Liam is a knave then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that If Liam is a knight then Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, Zoey, and James, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If James is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that If James is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Liam is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight or Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 6 inhabitants: Sophia, Elizabeth, Logan, Ethan, Michael, and Owen. "Logan is a knave and Michael is a knave," Sophia claimed. Elizabeth remarked, "Logan is not a knight". Logan asserted: "Ethan is a knight and Michael is a knight". As Ethan put it, "Michael is not a knight". According to Michael, "Michael is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knave". "Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave," Owen claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia Elizabeth Logan Ethan Michael Owen

Sophia is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Logan is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Michael is a knight, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Sophia is a knave
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Logan is a knave
(4) Ethan is a knave
(5) Michael is a knight
(6) Owen is a knave

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Logan is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Logan is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Michael is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Michael is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, Ethan, and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Michael is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Ethan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Ethan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Ethan is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Logan is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Sophia is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave.