A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lily, Aiden, Sebastian, Sophia, Liam, Sofia, Joseph, and Oliver. According to Lily, "Sofia is a knight and Sofia is a knave". "Joseph is a knight and Sophia is a knight," Aiden claimed. "Sofia is a knave," Sebastian mentioned. Sophia told you that If Liam is a knave then Sofia is a knight. Liam commented, "Sebastian is a knave". "Aiden is not a knave" - Sofia. Joseph commented, "If Sebastian is a knave then Sebastian is a knight". Oliver asserted: "Liam is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily Aiden Sebastian Sophia Liam Sofia Joseph Oliver

Lily is a knave, Aiden is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, Sophia is a knave, Liam is a knave, Sofia is a knave, Joseph is a knight, and Oliver is a knave.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knave
(3) Sebastian is a knight
(4) Sophia is a knave
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) Sofia is a knave
(7) Joseph is a knight
(8) Oliver is a knave

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is not a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight and Sophia is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then Sebastian is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sofia is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that If Sebastian is a knave then Sebastian is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Joseph is a knight and Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Aiden is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Aiden is not a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Joseph is a knight and Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Liam is a knave then Sofia is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that If Liam is a knave then Sofia is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Liam is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mason, Samuel, Ethan, Scarlett, Oliver, Jack, Joseph, and Owen. Mason said that Ethan is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knave. In Samuel's words: "Oliver is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave". Ethan said, "Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave." Scarlett remarked, "Owen is a knight". "Owen is not a knave," Oliver declared. "Samuel is a knave," Jack mentioned. As Joseph put it, "Mason is a knave". Owen said that Jack is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason Samuel Ethan Scarlett Oliver Jack Joseph Owen

Mason is a knight, Samuel is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, Oliver is a knave, Jack is a knight, Joseph is a knave, and Owen is a knave.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knave
(3) Ethan is a knave
(4) Scarlett is a knave
(5) Oliver is a knave
(6) Jack is a knight
(7) Joseph is a knave
(8) Owen is a knave

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Owen is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Owen is not a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen and Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Jack is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Samuel is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel and Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Oliver is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if Jack is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Ethan is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Oliver, Luke, Lucas, Mia, Alexander, Emma, Jack, and Ella. "If Alexander is a knave then Lucas is a knave," Oliver claimed. According to Luke, "If Lucas is a knave then Alexander is a knight". Lucas was heard saying, "Jack is a knight and Ella is a knight". "Jack is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight," Mia mentioned. In Alexander's words: "Alexander is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave". Emma expressed that Luke is a knight. According to Jack, "Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight". Ella said that If Alexander is a knight then Emma is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver Luke Lucas Mia Alexander Emma Jack Ella

Oliver is a knight, Luke is a knight, Lucas is a knave, Mia is a knave, Alexander is a knight, Emma is a knight, Jack is a knave, and Ella is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knight
(2) Luke is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knave
(4) Mia is a knave
(5) Alexander is a knight
(6) Emma is a knight
(7) Jack is a knave
(8) Ella is a knave

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knave then Lucas is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Alexander is a knight if and only if Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Alexander is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knave then Alexander is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight and Ella is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight and Ella is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave and Ella is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Luke, Avery, Oliver, Riley, Henry, Michael, Samuel, and Matthew. In Luke's words: "Henry is a knave". Avery asserted: "Henry is not a knight". As Oliver put it, "Samuel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight". "Oliver is a knave," Riley mentioned. As Henry put it, "Matthew is a knight and Samuel is a knave". According to Michael, "Avery is not a knave". Samuel asserted: "Riley is not a knave". Matthew expressed that If Avery is a knave then Matthew is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke Avery Oliver Riley Henry Michael Samuel Matthew

Luke is a knight, Avery is a knight, Oliver is a knave, Riley is a knight, Henry is a knave, Michael is a knight, Samuel is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Oliver is a knave
(4) Riley is a knight
(5) Henry is a knave
(6) Michael is a knight
(7) Samuel is a knight
(8) Matthew is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Samuel is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knave then Matthew is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Samuel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Riley is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ella, Samuel, Jackson, Grace, William, Ava, Aria, and James. Ella remarked, "Grace is a knight or William is a knight". "If William is a knave then Jackson is a knight," Samuel declared. Jackson remarked, "If James is a knight then Samuel is a knave". "James is not a knight," Grace mentioned. According to William, "James is a knave or Ella is a knight". Ava told you that James is a knight. Aria said, "Jackson is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight." "Aria is a knight if and only if James is a knight," James claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella Samuel Jackson Grace William Ava Aria James

Ella is a knight, Samuel is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Grace is a knight, William is a knight, Ava is a knave, Aria is a knight, and James is a knave.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) Grace is a knight
(5) William is a knight
(6) Ava is a knave
(7) Aria is a knight
(8) James is a knave

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or William is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that James is not a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then Samuel is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If William is a knave then Jackson is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Chloe, Penelope, Mason, Logan, Oliver, Victoria, Mia, and Sebastian. Chloe said, "Mia is a knight or Sebastian is a knave." "Victoria is a knave or Chloe is a knave," Penelope mentioned. In Mason's words: "Sebastian is not a knight". "Chloe is a knave and Oliver is a knight" - Logan. Oliver told you that Penelope is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave. Victoria remarked, "Mia is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave". Mia noted, "If Penelope is a knave then Logan is a knight". Sebastian told you that If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe Penelope Mason Logan Oliver Victoria Mia Sebastian

Chloe is a knight, Penelope is a knight, Mason is a knave, Logan is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Mia is a knight, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knight
(2) Penelope is a knight
(3) Mason is a knave
(4) Logan is a knave
(5) Oliver is a knight
(6) Victoria is a knave
(7) Mia is a knight
(8) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knave then Logan is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Chloe is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Victoria is a knave or Chloe is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knave and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Penelope is a knight if and only if Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mia is a knave then Mia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Grace, Alexander, Lily, Riley, Ethan, Aurora, Emily, and Samuel. Grace expressed that Samuel is not a knave. Alexander commented, "If Lily is a knave then Aurora is a knave". Lily commented, "Grace is a knight". In Riley's words: "Emily is a knave". "If Riley is a knight then Emily is a knight" - Ethan. "Alexander is a knave or Lily is a knave" - Aurora. As Emily put it, "Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave". Samuel said that If Lily is a knave then Emily is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Alexander Lily Riley Ethan Aurora Emily Samuel

Grace is a knave, Alexander is a knave, Lily is a knave, Riley is a knight, Ethan is a knave, Aurora is a knight, Emily is a knave, and Samuel is a knave.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knave
(3) Lily is a knave
(4) Riley is a knight
(5) Ethan is a knave
(6) Aurora is a knight
(7) Emily is a knave
(8) Samuel is a knave

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Lily is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Emily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley and Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Grace is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Samuel is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Samuel is not a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that If Lily is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that If Lily is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knave or Lily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lily is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Lily is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Riley is a knight then Emily is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Riley is a knight then Emily is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mason, Ethan, Riley, Chloe, Lucas, Jacob, Aria, and Oliver. "Aria is not a knave," Mason declared. In Ethan's words: "Oliver is not a knight". "Ethan is a knight and Lucas is a knight" - Riley. "Ethan is a knight," Chloe declared. As Lucas put it, "Riley is a knave or Aria is a knight". Jacob remarked, "Oliver is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight". Aria was heard saying, "Jacob is a knave if and only if Mason is a knave". Oliver said that Riley is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason Ethan Riley Chloe Lucas Jacob Aria Oliver

Mason is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Riley is a knave, Chloe is a knave, Lucas is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Aria is a knave, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Ethan is a knave
(3) Riley is a knave
(4) Chloe is a knave
(5) Lucas is a knight
(6) Jacob is a knight
(7) Aria is a knave
(8) Oliver is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Mason is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is not a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Ethan is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Riley is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Riley is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is not a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Ethan is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is a knave or Aria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Ethan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Oliver is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ethan, Riley, and Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Jacob is a knave if and only if Mason is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Aria is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is not a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Mason is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Riley is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is not a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave or Aria is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ava, Joseph, Penelope, Zoey, Ella, Evelyn, Mia, and Aurora. "Zoey is a knave," Ava declared. "Ella is a knave and Evelyn is a knave" - Joseph. Penelope remarked, "Aurora is not a knight". According to Zoey, "Ella is not a knave". "Aurora is a knave or Zoey is a knave," Ella claimed. "Ava is a knave or Aurora is a knight," Evelyn claimed. Mia expressed that Aurora is not a knight. "Aurora is a knight," Aurora declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava Joseph Penelope Zoey Ella Evelyn Mia Aurora

Ava is a knave, Joseph is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Zoey is a knight, Ella is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Mia is a knight, and Aurora is a knave.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Joseph is a knave
(3) Penelope is a knight
(4) Zoey is a knight
(5) Ella is a knight
(6) Evelyn is a knight
(7) Mia is a knight
(8) Aurora is a knave

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is not a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that Ella is not a knave.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aurora is a knave or Zoey is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella and Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave or Zoey is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Aurora is a knave or Zoey is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knave and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave and Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave or Aurora is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aria, Noah, Owen, Jackson, Lily, Emma, Liam, and Scarlett. "Lily is a knave," Aria declared. Noah noted, "Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight". According to Owen, "Lily is a knight or Jackson is a knave". Jackson remarked, "If Owen is a knight then Noah is a knave". In Lily's words: "Owen is a knave or Scarlett is a knave". According to Emma, "Scarlett is a knave or Aria is a knight". Liam said that Scarlett is not a knave. As Scarlett put it, "Owen is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria Noah Owen Jackson Lily Emma Liam Scarlett

Aria is a knave, Noah is a knight, Owen is a knight, Jackson is a knave, Lily is a knight, Emma is a knight, Liam is a knave, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) Aria is a knave
(2) Noah is a knight
(3) Owen is a knight
(4) Jackson is a knave
(5) Lily is a knight
(6) Emma is a knight
(7) Liam is a knave
(8) Scarlett is a knave

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Lily is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Owen is a knight then Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Owen is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Scarlett is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that Owen is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen and Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that If Owen is a knight then Noah is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Owen is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Scarlett is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Noah is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave or Aria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sofia, Liam, Aria, Zoey, Aurora, Jack, Samuel, and Noah. Sofia said that If Zoey is a knave then Jack is a knave. "If Jack is a knave then Aurora is a knave" - Liam. "Jack is a knave and Sofia is a knight" - Aria. Zoey was heard saying, "Aria is a knight and Sofia is a knight". "Sofia is not a knight," Aurora declared. Jack commented, "Aurora is a knight or Zoey is a knight". Samuel expressed that Zoey is a knave and Noah is a knave. According to Noah, "Jack is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sofia Liam Aria Zoey Aurora Jack Samuel Noah

Sofia is a knave, Liam is a knight, Aria is a knave, Zoey is a knave, Aurora is a knight, Jack is a knight, Samuel is a knave, and Noah is a knight.

(1) Sofia is a knave
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Aria is a knave
(4) Zoey is a knave
(5) Aurora is a knight
(6) Jack is a knight
(7) Samuel is a knave
(8) Noah is a knight

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight and Sofia is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave and Sofia is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Jack is a knave and Sofia is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aurora is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Aria is a knight and Sofia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight and Sofia is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that Aria is a knight and Sofia is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave and Sofia is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that If Zoey is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that Jack is a knave and Sofia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, Aria, and Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Zoey is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that If Zoey is a knave then Jack is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knave and Sofia is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Zoey is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is not a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave and Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Zoey is a knave and Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jack is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave and Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Benjamin, Jacob, Evelyn, Amelia, Abigail, Elizabeth, Lucas, and Joseph. Benjamin said that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave. Jacob told you that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight. Evelyn remarked, "Lucas is a knave or Lucas is a knight". "Jacob is not a knave," Amelia claimed. Abigail said that Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knight. "Amelia is not a knave," Elizabeth mentioned. Lucas said that Jacob is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave. Joseph was heard saying, "Benjamin is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin Jacob Evelyn Amelia Abigail Elizabeth Lucas Joseph

Benjamin is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Abigail is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Lucas is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Benjamin is a knight
(2) Jacob is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knight
(4) Amelia is a knight
(5) Abigail is a knave
(6) Elizabeth is a knight
(7) Lucas is a knave
(8) Joseph is a knave

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Lucas is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Jacob is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lucas is a knave or Lucas is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Jacob is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn and Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Lucas cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Elizabeth is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Abigail is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: David, Mia, Grace, Luke, Daniel, Riley, Benjamin, and Harper. David expressed that Riley is a knight or David is a knight. Mia asserted: "David is a knight and Benjamin is a knight". Grace remarked, "If Harper is a knight then Luke is a knave". Luke was heard saying, "Daniel is a knight and Benjamin is a knave". Daniel said that Mia is not a knave. Riley remarked, "Daniel is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight". "David is not a knight," Benjamin claimed. "David is a knave and Luke is a knight" - Harper. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

David Mia Grace Luke Daniel Riley Benjamin Harper

David is a knight, Mia is a knave, Grace is a knight, Luke is a knave, Daniel is a knave, Riley is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Harper is a knave.

(1) David is a knight
(2) Mia is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight
(4) Luke is a knave
(5) Daniel is a knave
(6) Riley is a knight
(7) Benjamin is a knave
(8) Harper is a knave

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight or David is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is not a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is not a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that David is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that Mia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is not a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Daniel that Mia is not a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that David is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knight and Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight and Benjamin is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aiden, Emma, Alexander, Chloe, Oliver, Sofia, Ethan, and Sebastian. According to Aiden, "Aiden is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave". Emma said that Alexander is a knave or Aiden is a knight. Alexander was heard saying, "Aiden is not a knight". Chloe told you that If Sebastian is a knave then Emma is a knight. In Oliver's words: "Alexander is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight". "Alexander is not a knight," Sofia claimed. Ethan told you that Oliver is a knight or Ethan is a knight. Sebastian asserted: "Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden Emma Alexander Chloe Oliver Sofia Ethan Sebastian

Aiden is a knight, Emma is a knight, Alexander is a knave, Chloe is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Ethan is a knight, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knave
(4) Chloe is a knight
(5) Oliver is a knight
(6) Sofia is a knight
(7) Ethan is a knight
(8) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Aiden is a knight if and only if Alexander is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or Aiden is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then Emma is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave if and only if Sofia is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Ethan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Emily, William, Amelia, Abigail, Aurora, Sofia, Sophia, and Charlotte. Emily told you that Charlotte is not a knight. William remarked, "Charlotte is a knight and Aurora is a knight". Amelia told you that Abigail is not a knave. Abigail remarked, "Sofia is not a knave". According to Aurora, "Sophia is a knave and William is a knight". "Aurora is a knight or Emily is a knave," Sofia mentioned. "Sophia is a knight and William is a knight," Sophia mentioned. Charlotte remarked, "Amelia is a knave if and only if William is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emily William Amelia Abigail Aurora Sofia Sophia Charlotte

Emily is a knave, William is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Abigail is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Sophia is a knave, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Emily is a knave
(2) William is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knight
(4) Abigail is a knight
(5) Aurora is a knight
(6) Sofia is a knight
(7) Sophia is a knave
(8) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is not a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Charlotte is not a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if William is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is not a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knave and William is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Sophia is a knave and William is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight and William is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knight and Aurora is a knight.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Sophia is a knave and William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Aurora is a knight or Emily is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Sofia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Abigail is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that Abigail is not a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is not a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Sofia is not a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Aurora is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave and William is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight and William is a knight.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Sophia is a knight and William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that Amelia is a knave if and only if William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, Sophia, Aurora, Sofia, Abigail, Amelia, and Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is not a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight and Aurora is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Liam, Michael, Ethan, Logan, Jack, Riley, Isabella, and Henry. "Ethan is a knight or Riley is a knave," Liam declared. Michael told you that Jack is a knight. As Ethan put it, "Logan is not a knave". Logan commented, "Henry is a knight if and only if Jack is a knight". Jack expressed that Henry is a knight or Ethan is a knight. "Michael is a knave," Riley declared. "Ethan is a knight or Henry is a knave," Isabella mentioned. "Logan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave" - Henry. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam Michael Ethan Logan Jack Riley Isabella Henry

Liam is a knight, Michael is a knight, Ethan is a knight, Logan is a knight, Jack is a knight, Riley is a knave, Isabella is a knight, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knight
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knight
(4) Logan is a knight
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) Riley is a knave
(7) Isabella is a knight
(8) Henry is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Riley is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Jack is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight or Ethan is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Henry is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Logan, Ava, Liam, Luke, Lily, Elizabeth, Jack, and Ella. Logan stated, "Ella is a knight". Ava told you that If Lily is a knave then Ella is a knave. Liam was heard saying, "Logan is not a knight". According to Luke, "Jack is a knave or Logan is a knight". Lily expressed that Logan is a knight. Elizabeth stated, "Ava is a knave". Jack expressed that Ava is a knight. Ella told you that Jack is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan Ava Liam Luke Lily Elizabeth Jack Ella

Logan is a knight, Ava is a knight, Liam is a knave, Luke is a knight, Lily is a knight, Elizabeth is a knave, Jack is a knight, and Ella is a knight.

(1) Logan is a knight
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Liam is a knave
(4) Luke is a knight
(5) Lily is a knight
(6) Elizabeth is a knave
(7) Jack is a knight
(8) Ella is a knight

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Ella is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is not a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is not a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave or Logan is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, Oliver, Evelyn, Emily, Chloe, Sophia, Liam, and Sofia. Riley was heard saying, "If Oliver is a knave then Sophia is a knave". "Sofia is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight," Oliver claimed. In a statement by Evelyn: "Riley is a knight or Sophia is a knight". "Evelyn is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knave," Emily declared. "Emily is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knave" - Chloe. In Sophia's words: "Oliver is a knave". Liam commented, "Chloe is a knave". Sofia said, "Riley is a knave or Liam is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Oliver Evelyn Emily Chloe Sophia Liam Sofia

Riley is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Emily is a knight, Chloe is a knight, Sophia is a knave, Liam is a knave, and Sofia is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knight
(4) Emily is a knight
(5) Chloe is a knight
(6) Sophia is a knave
(7) Liam is a knave
(8) Sofia is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knave then Sophia is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Chloe is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Sofia is a knave if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Riley is a knight or Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, Emily, and Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sofia that Riley is a knave or Liam is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Riley is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave if and only if Evelyn is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight or Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Daniel, Owen, Evelyn, Aria, Sofia, Noah, Grace, and Elizabeth. Daniel said, "Evelyn is a knight or Elizabeth is a knight." As Owen put it, "If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knave". Evelyn said, "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave." Aria noted, "If Evelyn is a knight then Aria is a knight". Sofia was heard saying, "If Elizabeth is a knight then Aria is a knave". Noah commented, "Daniel is a knight". As Grace put it, "Daniel is not a knight". "Daniel is a knave and Evelyn is a knight," Elizabeth mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Daniel Owen Evelyn Aria Sofia Noah Grace Elizabeth

Daniel is a knight, Owen is a knave, Evelyn is a knight, Aria is a knave, Sofia is a knight, Noah is a knight, Grace is a knave, and Elizabeth is a knave.

(1) Daniel is a knight
(2) Owen is a knave
(3) Evelyn is a knight
(4) Aria is a knave
(5) Sofia is a knight
(6) Noah is a knight
(7) Grace is a knave
(8) Elizabeth is a knave

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Elizabeth is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Evelyn is a knight then Aria is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knave and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knave and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knight then Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sofia is a knight then Daniel is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Aria is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Michael, Jack, Lily, James, Emily, Alexander, Jackson, and Aiden. Michael remarked, "If Jackson is a knave then James is a knave". "Michael is a knave and Jackson is a knight," Jack mentioned. Lily told you that Emily is a knight or Jackson is a knave. James expressed that Emily is a knight and Lily is a knight. Emily commented, "Lily is a knave and Emily is a knight". As Alexander put it, "Jack is a knave". In Jackson's words: "If James is a knight then James is a knave". Aiden noted, "Alexander is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Jack Lily James Emily Alexander Jackson Aiden

Michael is a knight, Jack is a knave, Lily is a knave, James is a knave, Emily is a knave, Alexander is a knight, Jackson is a knight, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Jack is a knave
(3) Lily is a knave
(4) James is a knave
(5) Emily is a knave
(6) Alexander is a knight
(7) Jackson is a knight
(8) Aiden is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knave then James is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that If James is a knight then James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave and Emily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of James that Emily is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Emily is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave and Emily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave and Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave and Jackson is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave if and only if Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lucas, Samuel, Ethan, Emma, Oliver, Victoria, Sofia, and Chloe. Lucas stated, "Chloe is a knight or Ethan is a knight". Samuel told you that If Lucas is a knight then Victoria is a knave. Ethan remarked, "Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight". As Emma put it, "Lucas is not a knave". Oliver asserted: "Ethan is a knight". Victoria asserted: "Oliver is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight". Sofia commented, "Chloe is not a knight". "Lucas is not a knave," Chloe claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lucas Samuel Ethan Emma Oliver Victoria Sofia Chloe

Lucas is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Ethan is a knave, Emma is a knave, Oliver is a knave, Victoria is a knight, Sofia is a knight, and Chloe is a knave.

(1) Lucas is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Ethan is a knave
(4) Emma is a knave
(5) Oliver is a knave
(6) Victoria is a knight
(7) Sofia is a knight
(8) Chloe is a knave

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Ethan is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is not a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is not a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lucas is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that If Lucas is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Oliver is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver and Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Lucas is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Oliver is a knave if and only if Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that If Lucas is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria and Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lucas is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma and Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lucas is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight or Ethan is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Chloe is a knight or Ethan is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is not a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Chloe is a knight or Ethan is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is not a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is not a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Zoey, Victoria, Olivia, Oliver, Harper, Liam, Michael, and Avery. Zoey said that Avery is a knave and Harper is a knave. Victoria said that Victoria is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight. Olivia told you that Oliver is a knave and Michael is a knave. Oliver noted, "Victoria is a knave or Avery is a knave". According to Harper, "If Avery is a knight then Victoria is a knave". "Harper is a knight and Victoria is a knave," Liam claimed. Michael remarked, "Liam is a knight or Harper is a knave". Avery expressed that Michael is not a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey Victoria Olivia Oliver Harper Liam Michael Avery

Zoey is a knave, Victoria is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Harper is a knight, Liam is a knight, Michael is a knight, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Olivia is a knave
(4) Oliver is a knight
(5) Harper is a knight
(6) Liam is a knight
(7) Michael is a knight
(8) Avery is a knave

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave and Harper is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Avery is a knave and Harper is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight or Harper is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Avery is a knave and Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Avery is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper and Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Michael is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael and Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave and Harper is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Michael is not a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight or Harper is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Liam is a knight or Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Victoria is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Michael that Liam is a knight or Harper is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, Liam, and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Harper is a knight and Victoria is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Liam is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knave or Avery is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Avery, Henry, William, Charlotte, Victoria, Jacob, Mason, and Daniel. As Avery put it, "Charlotte is a knight or Victoria is a knave". In a statement by Henry: "Jacob is not a knight". William asserted: "Avery is a knight or Avery is a knave". Charlotte asserted: "William is not a knave". Victoria stated, "If Victoria is a knight then Jacob is a knight". Jacob said that Avery is a knave if and only if Mason is a knave. Mason was heard saying, "Daniel is a knight or Avery is a knight". As Daniel put it, "Jacob is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Avery Henry William Charlotte Victoria Jacob Mason Daniel

Avery is a knight, Henry is a knave, William is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Mason is a knight, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Avery is a knight
(2) Henry is a knave
(3) William is a knight
(4) Charlotte is a knight
(5) Victoria is a knight
(6) Jacob is a knight
(7) Mason is a knight
(8) Daniel is a knave

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight or Victoria is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is not a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or Avery is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knight then Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Mason is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is not a knight.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: William, Jackson, Aria, Michael, Matthew, Jacob, Zoey, and Owen. William remarked, "Michael is a knave and Zoey is a knave". As Jackson put it, "Jacob is a knight or Matthew is a knave". In a statement by Aria: "Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave". Michael asserted: "Zoey is not a knave". Matthew said, "William is a knight and Aria is a knight." In a statement by Jacob: "Zoey is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight". According to Zoey, "Matthew is a knight or Matthew is a knave". Owen expressed that Matthew is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William Jackson Aria Michael Matthew Jacob Zoey Owen

William is a knave, Jackson is a knight, Aria is a knave, Michael is a knight, Matthew is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Zoey is a knight, and Owen is a knight.

(1) William is a knave
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Aria is a knave
(4) Michael is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knave
(6) Jacob is a knave
(7) Zoey is a knight
(8) Owen is a knight

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Michael is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is not a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Michael is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey and Michael, so let us go back and reconsider William.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is not a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Olivia, Zoey, Matthew, David, Grace, Victoria, James, and Aiden. Olivia asserted: "Zoey is not a knave". Zoey commented, "Aiden is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave". "Olivia is a knave," Matthew mentioned. David stated, "Matthew is a knave or Matthew is a knight". Grace expressed that Aiden is not a knight. Victoria expressed that Aiden is a knave or David is a knight. James stated, "Matthew is a knight and Aiden is a knight". As Aiden put it, "If David is a knave then Matthew is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia Zoey Matthew David Grace Victoria James Aiden

Olivia is a knave, Zoey is a knave, Matthew is a knight, David is a knight, Grace is a knave, Victoria is a knight, James is a knight, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knave
(2) Zoey is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knight
(4) David is a knight
(5) Grace is a knave
(6) Victoria is a knight
(7) James is a knight
(8) Aiden is a knight

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is not a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If David is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave or Matthew is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is not a knight.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Aiden is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider David.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knave or Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If David is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that If David is a knave then Matthew is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David and Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Zoey is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is not a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Zoey is not a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that Aiden is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave or David is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight and Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Michael, Avery, Elizabeth, Penelope, Alexander, Daniel, William, and James. According to Michael, "Elizabeth is a knight or William is a knight". Avery noted, "Penelope is not a knave". Elizabeth said, "James is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave." According to Penelope, "William is a knave or Michael is a knave". "Penelope is a knave or James is a knight," Alexander declared. Daniel stated, "If Avery is a knight then Alexander is a knight". According to William, "Alexander is a knight". "If Alexander is a knight then Avery is a knight," James claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Avery Elizabeth Penelope Alexander Daniel William James

Michael is a knight, Avery is a knave, Elizabeth is a knave, Penelope is a knave, Alexander is a knight, Daniel is a knight, William is a knight, and James is a knave.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Elizabeth is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knave
(5) Alexander is a knight
(6) Daniel is a knight
(7) William is a knight
(8) James is a knave

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight or William is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knight then Avery is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave or James is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave or Michael is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that William is a knave or Michael is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave or Michael is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is not a knave.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that If Alexander is a knight then Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider William.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that William is a knave or Michael is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Penelope is a knave or James is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Alexander is a knight then Avery is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Penelope is a knave or James is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that James is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of James that If Alexander is a knight then Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander and James, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Elizabeth is a knight or William is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that James is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is not a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Matthew, Owen, Ella, William, Scarlett, Elizabeth, and Joseph. Mia told you that Joseph is not a knave. "If Joseph is a knave then Ella is a knight" - Matthew. Owen expressed that William is a knight. Ella was heard saying, "If Matthew is a knight then Joseph is a knave". "Scarlett is a knave or Mia is a knight," William claimed. Scarlett said that William is a knight or Joseph is a knight. Elizabeth noted, "Matthew is a knight and Joseph is a knave". Joseph said, "Ella is a knight or Scarlett is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Matthew Owen Ella William Scarlett Elizabeth Joseph

Mia is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Owen is a knight, Ella is a knave, William is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Elizabeth is a knave, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Owen is a knight
(4) Ella is a knave
(5) William is a knight
(6) Scarlett is a knight
(7) Elizabeth is a knave
(8) Joseph is a knight

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Joseph is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that If Matthew is a knight then Joseph is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Joseph is a knave then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knight then Joseph is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Joseph is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight or Joseph is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave or Mia is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knight and Joseph is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Joseph is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aria, Ella, Scarlett, Jackson, Charlotte, Isabella, Emma, and Matthew. Aria stated, "If Matthew is a knight then Scarlett is a knight". In a statement by Ella: "Emma is not a knave". "Jackson is a knave and Scarlett is a knight," Scarlett mentioned. Jackson commented, "If Matthew is a knave then Matthew is a knight". Charlotte was heard saying, "Jackson is a knave". In a statement by Isabella: "Jackson is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight". In a statement by Emma: "If Aria is a knave then Jackson is a knight". Matthew was heard saying, "Scarlett is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria Ella Scarlett Jackson Charlotte Isabella Emma Matthew

Aria is a knight, Ella is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, Jackson is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Isabella is a knight, Emma is a knight, and Matthew is a knave.

(1) Aria is a knight
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave
(4) Jackson is a knave
(5) Charlotte is a knight
(6) Isabella is a knight
(7) Emma is a knight
(8) Matthew is a knave

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Jackson is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Matthew is a knave then Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that If Matthew is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Scarlett is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Matthew is a knave then Matthew is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knave then Matthew is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Jackson is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Zoey, Scarlett, Logan, Aria, Chloe, Emily, Jacob, and Noah. In Zoey's words: "If Zoey is a knight then Scarlett is a knight". Scarlett told you that Logan is a knight or Chloe is a knight. "If Emily is a knave then Jacob is a knave," Logan mentioned. Aria commented, "Jacob is a knight if and only if Noah is a knight". "Scarlett is not a knight," Chloe declared. Emily noted, "Noah is a knight". Jacob asserted: "Zoey is a knave and Scarlett is a knave". Noah asserted: "Logan is a knave and Scarlett is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey Scarlett Logan Aria Chloe Emily Jacob Noah

Zoey is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Logan is a knight, Aria is a knight, Chloe is a knave, Emily is a knave, Jacob is a knave, and Noah is a knave.

(1) Zoey is a knight
(2) Scarlett is a knight
(3) Logan is a knight
(4) Aria is a knight
(5) Chloe is a knave
(6) Emily is a knave
(7) Jacob is a knave
(8) Noah is a knave

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knave then Jacob is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Noah is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Scarlett is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that If Emily is a knave then Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave and Scarlett is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Noah is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sophia, Victoria, Ava, Benjamin, Grace, Emma, Elizabeth, and Scarlett. According to Sophia, "Emma is a knave or Benjamin is a knight". In Victoria's words: "Elizabeth is a knight and Sophia is a knave". Ava noted, "Victoria is a knave and Emma is a knave". In a statement by Benjamin: "Scarlett is a knave". According to Grace, "Sophia is not a knave". "If Benjamin is a knave then Sophia is a knight" - Emma. "Emma is not a knave" - Elizabeth. Scarlett said, "Grace is not a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sophia Victoria Ava Benjamin Grace Emma Elizabeth Scarlett

Sophia is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Ava is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, Grace is a knight, Emma is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, and Scarlett is a knave.

(1) Sophia is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knave
(3) Ava is a knave
(4) Benjamin is a knight
(5) Grace is a knight
(6) Emma is a knight
(7) Elizabeth is a knight
(8) Scarlett is a knave

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave or Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knave then Sophia is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight and Sophia is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knight and Sophia is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave and Emma is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave and Emma is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Penelope, Matthew, Aiden, Scarlett, Aurora, Olivia, Lucas, and Grace. Penelope told you that Scarlett is a knave or Scarlett is a knight. Matthew said, "Grace is a knight." Aiden asserted: "Olivia is a knave". In Scarlett's words: "If Grace is a knave then Lucas is a knight". In Aurora's words: "Scarlett is a knight or Scarlett is a knave". In a statement by Olivia: "Lucas is a knight and Aurora is a knave". Lucas stated, "Lucas is a knight or Aiden is a knight". "Aurora is a knight or Matthew is a knave," Grace declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope Matthew Aiden Scarlett Aurora Olivia Lucas Grace

Penelope is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Olivia is a knave, Lucas is a knight, and Grace is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Matthew is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knight
(4) Scarlett is a knight
(5) Aurora is a knight
(6) Olivia is a knave
(7) Lucas is a knight
(8) Grace is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave or Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Lucas is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knight or Aiden is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knight and Aurora is a knave.