A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Luke, Alexander, Jackson, Henry, Evelyn, Owen, Aiden, and Penelope. In a statement by Luke: "Jackson is a knight or Aiden is a knave". "If Evelyn is a knave then Henry is a knight," Alexander claimed. "Owen is not a knave," Jackson claimed. Henry stated, "If Owen is a knave then Penelope is a knave". In a statement by Evelyn: "Alexander is a knave or Penelope is a knave". Owen was heard saying, "Evelyn is not a knight". Aiden said that If Owen is a knave then Jackson is a knave. As Penelope put it, "Penelope is a knight or Luke is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke Alexander Jackson Henry Evelyn Owen Aiden Penelope

Luke is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Henry is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Owen is a knight, Aiden is a knight, and Penelope is a knight.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) Henry is a knight
(5) Evelyn is a knave
(6) Owen is a knight
(7) Aiden is a knight
(8) Penelope is a knight

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Aiden is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Evelyn is not a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave or Penelope is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knave then Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Luke is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knave then Jackson is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aurora, Sophia, Lucas, Avery, Riley, Ella, Benjamin, and Liam. Aurora asserted: "Avery is a knave". Sophia remarked, "Aurora is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight". "Benjamin is not a knight" - Lucas. Avery noted, "Liam is a knave". "If Avery is a knight then Sophia is a knave," Riley declared. Ella commented, "Aurora is not a knave". Benjamin stated, "If Avery is a knave then Sophia is a knave". Liam commented, "If Sophia is a knave then Ella is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aurora Sophia Lucas Avery Riley Ella Benjamin Liam

Aurora is a knight, Sophia is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Avery is a knave, Riley is a knight, Ella is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Aurora is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knight
(4) Avery is a knave
(5) Riley is a knight
(6) Ella is a knight
(7) Benjamin is a knave
(8) Liam is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave if and only if Avery is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is not a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Benjamin is not a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Avery is a knave then Sophia is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Sophia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: James, Liam, Aurora, Jacob, Jack, Emma, Daniel, and Harper. According to James, "Jack is not a knave". Liam said that Emma is not a knave. Aurora remarked, "Daniel is a knight". Jacob told you that Jack is a knight or Emma is a knight. "Liam is a knight or Emma is a knave," Jack mentioned. Emma told you that Jacob is a knave and James is a knave. Daniel noted, "Harper is a knight and Jacob is a knave". Harper remarked, "If Jack is a knight then Aurora is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Liam Aurora Jacob Jack Emma Daniel Harper

James is a knight, Liam is a knave, Aurora is a knave, Jacob is a knight, Jack is a knight, Emma is a knave, Daniel is a knave, and Harper is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Liam is a knave
(3) Aurora is a knave
(4) Jacob is a knight
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) Emma is a knave
(7) Daniel is a knave
(8) Harper is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight or Emma is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is a knave and James is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Emma is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is not a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Emma is not a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave and James is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Emma is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight and Jacob is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aurora that Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Jacob is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Jack is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Aurora is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jackson, Avery, Abigail, Sebastian, Emily, Jacob, Sophia, and Chloe. Jackson noted, "Abigail is a knave". Avery was heard saying, "Chloe is not a knave". Abigail noted, "Avery is not a knight". Sebastian remarked, "Jackson is not a knight". Emily expressed that Abigail is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave. Jacob said that Sophia is not a knave. Sophia told you that Emily is not a knave. Chloe expressed that Jacob is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson Avery Abigail Sebastian Emily Jacob Sophia Chloe

Jackson is a knave, Avery is a knave, Abigail is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Emily is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Chloe is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knave
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knight
(4) Sebastian is a knight
(5) Emily is a knight
(6) Jacob is a knight
(7) Sophia is a knight
(8) Chloe is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is not a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is not a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Emily is not a knave.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Abigail is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, Sophia, and Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Chloe is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Avery is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery and Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is not a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Chloe is not a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Matthew, Isabella, Scarlett, Oliver, Emma, Aria, Olivia, and Emily. Matthew stated, "If Oliver is a knave then Emma is a knight". In a statement by Isabella: "Olivia is not a knight". In Scarlett's words: "If Matthew is a knight then Aria is a knave". Oliver told you that Emma is a knave or Matthew is a knave. Emma said, "Aria is a knave." "Emily is a knave or Isabella is a knave," Aria mentioned. "Emma is a knight and Oliver is a knave" - Olivia. Emily asserted: "Aria is a knave and Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Matthew Isabella Scarlett Oliver Emma Aria Olivia Emily

Matthew is a knight, Isabella is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Emma is a knave, Aria is a knight, Olivia is a knave, and Emily is a knave.

(1) Matthew is a knight
(2) Isabella is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave
(4) Oliver is a knight
(5) Emma is a knave
(6) Aria is a knight
(7) Olivia is a knave
(8) Emily is a knave

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Oliver is a knave then Emma is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Emma is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave or Isabella is a knave.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is a knave and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is not a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Olivia is not a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Oliver is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Matthew is a knight then Aria is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knight then Aria is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Emma, Logan, William, Liam, Emily, Scarlett, Benjamin, and Michael. Emma told you that Scarlett is not a knave. Logan stated, "Michael is not a knight". William remarked, "Logan is not a knight". In a statement by Liam: "Logan is a knight". Emily noted, "Michael is a knave". Scarlett said that Michael is not a knave. According to Benjamin, "Logan is a knave or Liam is a knave". "If Scarlett is a knave then Emily is a knight," Michael declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma Logan William Liam Emily Scarlett Benjamin Michael

Emma is a knight, Logan is a knave, William is a knight, Liam is a knave, Emily is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, and Michael is a knight.

(1) Emma is a knight
(2) Logan is a knave
(3) William is a knight
(4) Liam is a knave
(5) Emily is a knave
(6) Scarlett is a knight
(7) Benjamin is a knight
(8) Michael is a knight

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Scarlett is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is not a knight.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is not a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is not a knight.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave or Liam is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Isabella, Riley, Mia, Aiden, Zoey, David, William, and Avery. Isabella said, "If Avery is a knight then Zoey is a knave." Riley expressed that Aiden is not a knave. "Zoey is a knight" - Mia. Aiden asserted: "Mia is a knight if and only if David is a knight". Zoey was heard saying, "Aiden is a knight or Isabella is a knight". David asserted: "Zoey is not a knight". William commented, "David is a knave and Aiden is a knight". In Avery's words: "If Zoey is a knight then Zoey is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Riley Mia Aiden Zoey David William Avery

Isabella is a knight, Riley is a knave, Mia is a knight, Aiden is a knave, Zoey is a knight, David is a knave, William is a knave, and Avery is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Riley is a knave
(3) Mia is a knight
(4) Aiden is a knave
(5) Zoey is a knight
(6) David is a knave
(7) William is a knave
(8) Avery is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that If Avery is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aiden is a knight or Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Zoey is a knight then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Isabella is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight if and only if David is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is not a knight.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Mia is a knight if and only if David is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Mia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight if and only if David is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Mia is a knight if and only if David is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is not a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aiden is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knave and Aiden is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave and Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Zoey, Olivia, Scarlett, Aiden, Samuel, Victoria, Benjamin, and Michael. According to Zoey, "Samuel is a knave and Michael is a knight". Olivia was heard saying, "Victoria is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight". "Benjamin is not a knave," Scarlett declared. "Benjamin is a knight and Scarlett is a knight," Aiden mentioned. "If Olivia is a knight then Zoey is a knight" - Samuel. Victoria remarked, "Victoria is a knight and Samuel is a knight". In a statement by Benjamin: "Scarlett is a knight and Victoria is a knight". In Michael's words: "Olivia is a knave or Victoria is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Zoey Olivia Scarlett Aiden Samuel Victoria Benjamin Michael

Zoey is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, Aiden is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, and Michael is a knight.

(1) Zoey is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knave
(4) Aiden is a knave
(5) Samuel is a knight
(6) Victoria is a knight
(7) Benjamin is a knave
(8) Michael is a knight

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Samuel is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Olivia is a knight then Zoey is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Zoey is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that If Olivia is a knight then Zoey is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight and Samuel is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Victoria is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight and Victoria is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave or Victoria is a knave.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

(('and', ('lying', 4), ('telling-truth', 7)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('not', ('lying', 6)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('or', ('lying', 1), ('lying', 5)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Benjamin, Grace, Avery, Mason, William, Victoria, Sophia, and Ella. Benjamin said, "Avery is not a knight." Grace was heard saying, "William is a knight and Ella is a knave". Avery stated, "William is not a knight". In a statement by Mason: "William is not a knight". In a statement by William: "If Victoria is a knave then Mason is a knave". Victoria remarked, "Benjamin is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight". Sophia was heard saying, "Sophia is a knight or Avery is a knave". As Ella put it, "If Sophia is a knight then Victoria is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin Grace Avery Mason William Victoria Sophia Ella

Benjamin is a knight, Grace is a knight, Avery is a knave, Mason is a knave, William is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Ella is a knave.

(1) Benjamin is a knight
(2) Grace is a knight
(3) Avery is a knave
(4) Mason is a knave
(5) William is a knight
(6) Victoria is a knight
(7) Sophia is a knight
(8) Ella is a knave

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is not a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knave then Mason is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that William is not a knight.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that William is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sophia is a knight then Victoria is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight or Avery is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Victoria, Jackson, Emma, Lucas, Oliver, Henry, Riley, and Emily. According to Victoria, "Victoria is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight". According to Jackson, "Emily is a knave or Lucas is a knight". In a statement by Emma: "Victoria is a knight or Jackson is a knave". Lucas asserted: "Emily is a knight and Henry is a knight". As Oliver put it, "Riley is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave". Henry expressed that Oliver is a knight or Victoria is a knave. Riley said, "Lucas is a knave and Lucas is a knight." Emily said that Emily is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria Jackson Emma Lucas Oliver Henry Riley Emily

Victoria is a knave, Jackson is a knight, Emma is a knave, Lucas is a knight, Oliver is a knave, Henry is a knight, Riley is a knave, and Emily is a knight.

(1) Victoria is a knave
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Emma is a knave
(4) Lucas is a knight
(5) Oliver is a knave
(6) Henry is a knight
(7) Riley is a knave
(8) Emily is a knight

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Emily is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Victoria is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Emily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Emily is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave or Lucas is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Victoria is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave and Lucas is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Riley is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Riley is a knave if and only if Jackson is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave and Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, Grace, Scarlett, Jack, Avery, Ella, Luke, and Isabella. Riley said that Scarlett is a knave. As Grace put it, "If Avery is a knight then Isabella is a knight". "Isabella is a knave," Scarlett declared. "Isabella is a knave or Scarlett is a knave," Jack declared. According to Avery, "Avery is a knight or Jack is a knight". According to Ella, "Jack is a knave or Grace is a knave". "If Grace is a knave then Avery is a knight," Luke claimed. Isabella noted, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Grace Scarlett Jack Avery Ella Luke Isabella

Riley is a knave, Grace is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, Jack is a knight, Avery is a knight, Ella is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Isabella is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Grace is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knight
(4) Jack is a knight
(5) Avery is a knight
(6) Ella is a knight
(7) Luke is a knight
(8) Isabella is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave or Grace is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Jack is a knave or Grace is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Avery is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is a knave or Scarlett is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Isabella is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Isabella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella and Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Isabella is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Avery is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or Jack is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Avery is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: William, Joseph, James, Michael, Liam, Abigail, Alexander, and Aurora. William was heard saying, "Michael is not a knave". According to Joseph, "Alexander is a knave or William is a knight". In James's words: "Michael is a knight and William is a knight". Michael was heard saying, "Joseph is a knight or Aurora is a knave". Liam was heard saying, "Michael is a knave or Alexander is a knight". "Joseph is a knave and Michael is a knight," Abigail declared. As Alexander put it, "Michael is not a knave". Aurora commented, "Abigail is a knight and Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

William Joseph James Michael Liam Abigail Alexander Aurora

William is a knight, Joseph is a knight, James is a knight, Michael is a knight, Liam is a knight, Abigail is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Aurora is a knave.

(1) William is a knight
(2) Joseph is a knight
(3) James is a knight
(4) Michael is a knight
(5) Liam is a knight
(6) Abigail is a knave
(7) Alexander is a knight
(8) Aurora is a knave

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Aurora is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave or William is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is not a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Abigail is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight and Joseph is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight and William is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave or Alexander is a knight.

(('not', ('lying', 3)), ('or', ('lying', 6), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 7)), ('or', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('not', ('lying', 3)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Logan, Alexander, Lucas, Avery, Matthew, Oliver, Scarlett, and Benjamin. Logan commented, "Alexander is a knight and Lucas is a knave". As Alexander put it, "Avery is not a knave". "Logan is a knave or Scarlett is a knight," Lucas mentioned. "Lucas is a knave or Matthew is a knave," Avery mentioned. Matthew noted, "If Benjamin is a knight then Alexander is a knight". Oliver expressed that If Matthew is a knave then Lucas is a knave. "Avery is a knight and Benjamin is a knight," Scarlett mentioned. Benjamin told you that Oliver is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan Alexander Lucas Avery Matthew Oliver Scarlett Benjamin

Logan is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Lucas is a knave, Avery is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, and Benjamin is a knave.

(1) Logan is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knave
(4) Avery is a knight
(5) Matthew is a knight
(6) Oliver is a knight
(7) Scarlett is a knave
(8) Benjamin is a knave

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Matthew is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Alexander is a knight and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave or Scarlett is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Logan is a knave or Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Avery is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Lucas is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Henry, Samuel, Ella, Sebastian, Olivia, James, Jack, and Jackson. In a statement by Henry: "If Jackson is a knight then Sebastian is a knave". Samuel stated, "Ella is a knave or Ella is a knight". According to Ella, "Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight". According to Sebastian, "James is a knave or Olivia is a knight". "Samuel is not a knight," Olivia claimed. As James put it, "Jack is not a knight". "If Jackson is a knave then Olivia is a knave," Jack declared. As Jackson put it, "If Jack is a knight then Samuel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry Samuel Ella Sebastian Olivia James Jack Jackson

Henry is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Ella is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Olivia is a knave, James is a knave, Jack is a knight, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) Henry is a knave
(2) Samuel is a knight
(3) Ella is a knight
(4) Sebastian is a knight
(5) Olivia is a knave
(6) James is a knave
(7) Jack is a knight
(8) Jackson is a knight

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jackson is a knave then Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is not a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Samuel is not a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ella is a knave or Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is not a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that If Jackson is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave or Olivia is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is not a knight.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that James is a knave or Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is a knight and Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Jack.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Jackson is a knave then Olivia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jack that If Jackson is a knave then Olivia is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that If Jack is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that If Jack is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jackson is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave or Olivia is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that James is a knave or Olivia is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: James, Sebastian, Luke, Riley, Sophia, Liam, Noah, and Michael. In a statement by James: "Liam is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave". Sebastian said, "Luke is a knight or Noah is a knave." "Sebastian is not a knight," Luke mentioned. "Sophia is not a knave" - Riley. Sophia expressed that Liam is a knave or Luke is a knight. "Sebastian is a knight," Liam declared. Noah remarked, "Liam is a knight and Riley is a knight". Michael expressed that Liam is a knave and James is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Sebastian Luke Riley Sophia Liam Noah Michael

James is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Luke is a knave, Riley is a knave, Sophia is a knave, Liam is a knight, Noah is a knave, and Michael is a knave.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knight
(3) Luke is a knave
(4) Riley is a knave
(5) Sophia is a knave
(6) Liam is a knight
(7) Noah is a knave
(8) Michael is a knave

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight or Noah is a knave.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Liam is a knight if and only if Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that Liam is a knight and Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is not a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that Sophia is not a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave or Luke is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Liam is a knave and James is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave and James is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Harper, Emma, Avery, Charlotte, Liam, Zoey, Olivia, and Matthew. As Harper put it, "Avery is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight". Emma noted, "Harper is not a knave". Avery said, "Liam is a knight and Matthew is a knave." Charlotte remarked, "If Emma is a knave then Harper is a knight". In Liam's words: "Charlotte is a knave". Zoey remarked, "If Olivia is a knight then Harper is a knight". "If Matthew is a knave then Avery is a knave" - Olivia. Matthew stated, "Harper is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper Emma Avery Charlotte Liam Zoey Olivia Matthew

Harper is a knight, Emma is a knight, Avery is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Liam is a knave, Zoey is a knight, Olivia is a knight, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Harper is a knight
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Avery is a knave
(4) Charlotte is a knight
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) Zoey is a knight
(7) Olivia is a knight
(8) Matthew is a knight

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Emma is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight and Matthew is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Emma is a knave then Harper is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Charlotte, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Liam is a knight and Matthew is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight and Matthew is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knave then Harper is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is not a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Harper is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Avery is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Michael, Victoria, Chloe, Lucas, Ava, Oliver, Aurora, and Ethan. In Michael's words: "If Ethan is a knight then Aurora is a knight". According to Victoria, "Ethan is a knight or Victoria is a knight". As Chloe put it, "Lucas is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave". "Ava is not a knight," Lucas claimed. "Ava is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave" - Ava. According to Oliver, "Aurora is a knave or Victoria is a knight". "Victoria is not a knave," Aurora mentioned. Ethan noted, "Lucas is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Michael Victoria Chloe Lucas Ava Oliver Aurora Ethan

Michael is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Chloe is a knave, Lucas is a knave, Ava is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Aurora is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Michael is a knight
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Chloe is a knave
(4) Lucas is a knave
(5) Ava is a knight
(6) Oliver is a knight
(7) Aurora is a knight
(8) Ethan is a knight

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is not a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Lucas is not a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is not a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Victoria is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knave or Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Samuel, Victoria, Liam, Joseph, Olivia, Grace, James, and Daniel. Samuel was heard saying, "James is not a knave". According to Victoria, "Daniel is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave". "Daniel is a knight and Joseph is a knave," Liam claimed. Joseph expressed that If James is a knight then Samuel is a knight. Olivia noted, "If Victoria is a knave then Olivia is a knight". Grace expressed that If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight. James said that Joseph is not a knight. "Joseph is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave," Daniel claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel Victoria Liam Joseph Olivia Grace James Daniel

Samuel is a knave, Victoria is a knight, Liam is a knave, Joseph is a knight, Olivia is a knight, Grace is a knight, James is a knave, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Samuel is a knave
(2) Victoria is a knight
(3) Liam is a knave
(4) Joseph is a knight
(5) Olivia is a knight
(6) Grace is a knight
(7) James is a knave
(8) Daniel is a knave

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is not a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Joseph is not a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If James is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider James.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that James is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, so let us go back and reconsider Samuel.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is not a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Samuel that James is not a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is not a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If James is a knight then Samuel is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight if and only if Joseph is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that Daniel is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is a knight and Joseph is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knave then Olivia is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knave then Olivia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ethan, Olivia, Henry, Chloe, Lucas, Alexander, Logan, and Sebastian. Ethan expressed that Logan is a knave or Henry is a knight. Olivia asserted: "Ethan is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave". In Henry's words: "If Olivia is a knave then Chloe is a knight". Chloe stated, "Sebastian is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave". Lucas was heard saying, "Alexander is not a knight". "Chloe is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight" - Alexander. In Logan's words: "Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave". Sebastian told you that Chloe is a knave and Olivia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan Olivia Henry Chloe Lucas Alexander Logan Sebastian

Ethan is a knight, Olivia is a knight, Henry is a knight, Chloe is a knave, Lucas is a knight, Alexander is a knave, Logan is a knave, and Sebastian is a knave.

(1) Ethan is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Henry is a knight
(4) Chloe is a knave
(5) Lucas is a knight
(6) Alexander is a knave
(7) Logan is a knave
(8) Sebastian is a knave

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave or Henry is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Alexander is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander and Lucas, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ethan is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Sebastian is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Olivia is a knave then Chloe is a knight.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Logan is a knave or Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, Lucas, and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian and Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knave and Olivia is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Chloe is a knight if and only if Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knave then Chloe is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Benjamin, Evelyn, Grace, Sofia, Scarlett, Owen, Mason, and Harper. Benjamin stated, "If Mason is a knave then Scarlett is a knight". "Harper is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave" - Evelyn. Grace stated, "If Scarlett is a knave then Sofia is a knave". According to Sofia, "Scarlett is a knave or Harper is a knight". Scarlett stated, "Grace is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight". According to Owen, "If Benjamin is a knight then Owen is a knight". Mason expressed that Owen is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight. Harper stated, "Grace is a knight and Owen is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin Evelyn Grace Sofia Scarlett Owen Mason Harper

Benjamin is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Grace is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Owen is a knave, Mason is a knave, and Harper is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knave
(3) Grace is a knight
(4) Sofia is a knight
(5) Scarlett is a knight
(6) Owen is a knave
(7) Mason is a knave
(8) Harper is a knight

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knave then Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Owen is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Owen is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Grace is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Scarlett is a knave then Sofia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Scarlett is a knave then Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that If Scarlett is a knave then Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Scarlett is a knave or Harper is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Grace is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, Scarlett, and Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that Owen is a knave if and only if Mason is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave or Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight and Owen is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jackson, Lily, Emily, James, Liam, Scarlett, Ethan, and Matthew. "Scarlett is a knight or Jackson is a knight," Jackson declared. According to Lily, "James is a knight and Emily is a knave". "Ethan is a knight or Scarlett is a knight" - Emily. James was heard saying, "Scarlett is not a knight". In Liam's words: "Matthew is a knight and Scarlett is a knight". "Lily is not a knight," Scarlett claimed. Ethan noted, "Matthew is a knave". As Matthew put it, "Scarlett is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson Lily Emily James Liam Scarlett Ethan Matthew

Jackson is a knight, Lily is a knave, Emily is a knight, James is a knave, Liam is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Ethan is a knave, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Lily is a knave
(3) Emily is a knight
(4) James is a knave
(5) Liam is a knight
(6) Scarlett is a knight
(7) Ethan is a knave
(8) Matthew is a knight

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight or Jackson is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is not a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Scarlett that Lily is not a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight and Emily is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Scarlett is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 3), ('lying', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 5)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 7), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('lying', 7), ('telling-truth', 5))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Harper, Jacob, Benjamin, Sebastian, Isabella, Aiden, and Evelyn. Mia expressed that Harper is a knight and Jacob is a knight. Harper was heard saying, "Evelyn is not a knave". Jacob remarked, "Isabella is not a knave". Benjamin expressed that Sebastian is a knave and Isabella is a knight. Sebastian remarked, "If Isabella is a knight then Mia is a knave". In Isabella's words: "If Evelyn is a knave then Mia is a knave". According to Aiden, "Jacob is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight". According to Evelyn, "Jacob is not a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Harper Jacob Benjamin Sebastian Isabella Aiden Evelyn

Mia is a knight, Harper is a knight, Jacob is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Aiden is a knight, and Evelyn is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Harper is a knight
(3) Jacob is a knight
(4) Benjamin is a knight
(5) Sebastian is a knave
(6) Isabella is a knight
(7) Aiden is a knight
(8) Evelyn is a knight

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight and Jacob is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is not a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is not a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Mia is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave and Isabella is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Sebastian is a knave and Isabella is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Isabella is a knight then Mia is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lily, Oliver, Mia, Lucas, Emily, Ava, Owen, and Avery. In Lily's words: "Ava is not a knight". As Oliver put it, "Owen is a knave". "Oliver is a knave," Mia mentioned. "Owen is not a knave," Lucas declared. According to Emily, "Owen is not a knight". Ava told you that Avery is a knight. "Ava is a knight if and only if Ava is a knave," Owen claimed. In a statement by Avery: "Oliver is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily Oliver Mia Lucas Emily Ava Owen Avery

Lily is a knave, Oliver is a knight, Mia is a knave, Lucas is a knave, Emily is a knight, Ava is a knight, Owen is a knave, and Avery is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Oliver is a knight
(3) Mia is a knave
(4) Lucas is a knave
(5) Emily is a knight
(6) Ava is a knight
(7) Owen is a knave
(8) Avery is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight if and only if Ava is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Owen is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, Oliver, Avery, and Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Oliver that Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Ava is a knave.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Oliver is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Charlotte, Liam, Avery, Matthew, Sophia, Sebastian, Owen, and Noah. Charlotte told you that Owen is not a knave. According to Liam, "Charlotte is a knave or Sophia is a knight". According to Avery, "Matthew is a knight and Noah is a knave". In Matthew's words: "Liam is a knight or Owen is a knight". As Sophia put it, "Avery is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave". "Charlotte is a knave and Sophia is a knight," Sebastian mentioned. "Noah is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave" - Owen. Noah was heard saying, "Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte Liam Avery Matthew Sophia Sebastian Owen Noah

Charlotte is a knave, Liam is a knight, Avery is a knight, Matthew is a knight, Sophia is a knave, Sebastian is a knave, Owen is a knave, and Noah is a knave.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Liam is a knight
(3) Avery is a knight
(4) Matthew is a knight
(5) Sophia is a knave
(6) Sebastian is a knave
(7) Owen is a knave
(8) Noah is a knave

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave or Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knight and Noah is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Avery is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Charlotte is a knave or Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that Noah is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Noah.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Owen.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Owen is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Charlotte.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that Owen is not a knave.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Liam is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is a knight and Charlotte is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Avery is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Noah is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that Matthew is a knight and Noah is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is a knight or Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew and Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave if and only if Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight and Noah is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knight or Owen is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave and Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and Sophia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ethan, Alexander, Lily, Grace, Liam, Logan, Joseph, and Jack. Ethan said, "Logan is a knave." In Alexander's words: "Ethan is a knight or Logan is a knight". Lily commented, "If Grace is a knave then Alexander is a knight". In a statement by Grace: "Liam is a knave". According to Liam, "Alexander is a knight". Logan asserted: "Joseph is not a knight". According to Joseph, "Alexander is not a knight". Jack said, "Grace is not a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ethan Alexander Lily Grace Liam Logan Joseph Jack

Ethan is a knave, Alexander is a knight, Lily is a knight, Grace is a knave, Liam is a knight, Logan is a knight, Joseph is a knave, and Jack is a knave.

(1) Ethan is a knave
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Lily is a knight
(4) Grace is a knave
(5) Liam is a knight
(6) Logan is a knight
(7) Joseph is a knave
(8) Jack is a knave

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knave.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is not a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Alexander is not a knight.

Alexander cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ethan is a knight or Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Joseph is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is not a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Joseph is not a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Logan is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knave then Alexander is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Alexander, Charlotte, Aria, Ethan, Michael, David, Owen, and Amelia. Alexander expressed that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knave. Charlotte noted, "Alexander is a knave". Aria told you that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave. Ethan remarked, "David is a knight". Michael commented, "David is not a knight". "If Charlotte is a knave then Owen is a knave," David mentioned. Owen said, "If David is a knave then Charlotte is a knave." As Amelia put it, "Charlotte is a knight or Alexander is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander Charlotte Aria Ethan Michael David Owen Amelia

Alexander is a knight, Charlotte is a knave, Aria is a knight, Ethan is a knave, Michael is a knight, David is a knave, Owen is a knight, and Amelia is a knight.

(1) Alexander is a knight
(2) Charlotte is a knave
(3) Aria is a knight
(4) Ethan is a knave
(5) Michael is a knight
(6) David is a knave
(7) Owen is a knight
(8) Amelia is a knight

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Charlotte is a knave if and only if Ethan is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that David is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Charlotte is a knave then Owen is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If David is a knave then Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight or Alexander is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Evelyn, Grace, Jackson, James, Luke, Zoey, Riley, and Lily. "Grace is a knave" - Evelyn. "James is a knave," Grace mentioned. "Riley is a knight," Jackson claimed. "Luke is a knight if and only if Luke is a knave" - James. Luke noted, "Grace is a knave if and only if James is a knave". Zoey noted, "James is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave". Riley was heard saying, "Grace is a knight or James is a knight". Lily told you that If Grace is a knight then Riley is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Evelyn Grace Jackson James Luke Zoey Riley Lily

Evelyn is a knave, Grace is a knight, Jackson is a knight, James is a knave, Luke is a knave, Zoey is a knight, Riley is a knight, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Evelyn is a knave
(2) Grace is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) James is a knave
(5) Luke is a knave
(6) Zoey is a knight
(7) Riley is a knight
(8) Lily is a knight

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Luke is a knight if and only if Luke is a knave.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that James is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that James is a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight if and only if Luke is a knave.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knave if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave if and only if James is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or James is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight if and only if Grace is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knight then Riley is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Aurora, William, Noah, Ella, Victoria, Scarlett, and Zoey. According to Elizabeth, "Noah is a knave". Aurora said, "Victoria is a knave." William asserted: "Scarlett is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave". Noah said, "If Victoria is a knight then Ella is a knave." In a statement by Ella: "Scarlett is a knave". Victoria said, "If Elizabeth is a knight then William is a knight." Scarlett told you that If Ella is a knave then Victoria is a knight. Zoey remarked, "If Ella is a knave then Aurora is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth Aurora William Noah Ella Victoria Scarlett Zoey

Elizabeth is a knave, Aurora is a knave, William is a knight, Noah is a knight, Ella is a knave, Victoria is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, and Zoey is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) William is a knight
(4) Noah is a knight
(5) Ella is a knave
(6) Victoria is a knight
(7) Scarlett is a knight
(8) Zoey is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Victoria is a knight then Ella is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Elizabeth is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Ella is a knave then Victoria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider William.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Victoria that If Elizabeth is a knight then William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, so let us go back and reconsider Victoria.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that If Victoria is a knight then Ella is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knight then Ella is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knave then Victoria is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Noah that If Victoria is a knight then Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knave then Aurora is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Samuel, Harper, Lucas, Aria, Ethan, Amelia, Abigail, and Logan. "Aria is a knave," Samuel declared. Harper told you that If Aria is a knight then Ethan is a knight. In a statement by Lucas: "Harper is a knight and Abigail is a knave". Aria told you that Samuel is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave. Ethan expressed that Samuel is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight. Amelia was heard saying, "Abigail is not a knave". "Lucas is a knave or Amelia is a knave," Abigail declared. Logan was heard saying, "Samuel is a knight or Ethan is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Samuel Harper Lucas Aria Ethan Amelia Abigail Logan

Samuel is a knight, Harper is a knight, Lucas is a knave, Aria is a knave, Ethan is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Abigail is a knight, and Logan is a knight.

(1) Samuel is a knight
(2) Harper is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knave
(4) Aria is a knave
(5) Ethan is a knight
(6) Amelia is a knight
(7) Abigail is a knight
(8) Logan is a knight

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Samuel is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Ethan is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Samuel is a knave if and only if Lucas is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knight and Abigail is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lucas is a knave or Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is not a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Ethan is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Chloe, Sebastian, Lily, Sofia, Avery, Ella, Jacob, and Penelope. Chloe commented, "Ella is not a knave". "If Chloe is a knave then Jacob is a knight," Sebastian claimed. Lily commented, "Avery is not a knight". Sofia commented, "Ella is not a knave". "Jacob is a knave or Ella is a knight," Avery claimed. In a statement by Ella: "Lily is a knight and Avery is a knave". In Jacob's words: "Penelope is a knave or Chloe is a knight". Penelope remarked, "Lily is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Chloe Sebastian Lily Sofia Avery Ella Jacob Penelope

Chloe is a knave, Sebastian is a knave, Lily is a knave, Sofia is a knave, Avery is a knight, Ella is a knave, Jacob is a knave, and Penelope is a knight.

(1) Chloe is a knave
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Lily is a knave
(4) Sofia is a knave
(5) Avery is a knight
(6) Ella is a knave
(7) Jacob is a knave
(8) Penelope is a knight

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight and Avery is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Avery is not a knight.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jacob is a knave or Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Lily is a knight and Avery is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Ella is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is not a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight and Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that Lily is a knight and Avery is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Jacob is a knave or Ella is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Chloe is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Chloe is a knave then Jacob is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aria, Sophia, William, Aiden, Scarlett, Joseph, Benjamin, and Liam. "Aiden is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave" - Aria. Sophia expressed that Aiden is a knight or Sophia is a knight. William was heard saying, "Scarlett is a knight". As Aiden put it, "Benjamin is a knave or Sophia is a knave". Scarlett commented, "Sophia is a knight or Liam is a knave". In Joseph's words: "If Aiden is a knave then Joseph is a knight". "Scarlett is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave," Benjamin mentioned. Liam said, "Joseph is a knave." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria Sophia William Aiden Scarlett Joseph Benjamin Liam

Aria is a knight, Sophia is a knight, William is a knight, Aiden is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, Joseph is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, and Liam is a knight.

(1) Aria is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) William is a knight
(4) Aiden is a knave
(5) Scarlett is a knight
(6) Joseph is a knave
(7) Benjamin is a knight
(8) Liam is a knight

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight if and only if Liam is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave or Sophia is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight or Liam is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Benjamin is a knave or Sophia is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aiden is a knight or Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Scarlett is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Scarlett is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight or Liam is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Scarlett that Sophia is a knight or Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, Scarlett, and Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave or Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Sophia is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aiden is a knave then Joseph is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jacob, Daniel, Scarlett, Ava, Emily, Oliver, Grace, and Aurora. "Jacob is a knight or Aurora is a knight," Jacob mentioned. Daniel noted, "Oliver is a knight or Emily is a knave". Scarlett asserted: "Jacob is a knight and Daniel is a knight". Ava noted, "Daniel is a knight or Emily is a knave". Emily said, "Oliver is a knight." "If Ava is a knight then Aurora is a knight" - Oliver. Grace remarked, "Ava is a knave and Emily is a knight". Aurora told you that Oliver is a knight or Daniel is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob Daniel Scarlett Ava Emily Oliver Grace Aurora

Jacob is a knight, Daniel is a knight, Scarlett is a knight, Ava is a knight, Emily is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Grace is a knave, and Aurora is a knight.

(1) Jacob is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knight
(4) Ava is a knight
(5) Emily is a knight
(6) Oliver is a knight
(7) Grace is a knave
(8) Aurora is a knight

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ava is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Emily is a knave.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight and Daniel is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knave and Emily is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knave and Emily is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 7)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 5), ('lying', 4)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 0), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 4)), ('telling-truth', 5), ('->', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 7)), ('and', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 1)))