A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aiden, Amelia, Joseph, Emily, Ava, Benjamin, Olivia, and Aurora. According to Aiden, "Olivia is a knight and Benjamin is a knight". According to Amelia, "Ava is not a knight". Joseph told you that Joseph is a knight or Olivia is a knight. Emily remarked, "Olivia is not a knight". "Benjamin is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight," Ava declared. "If Emily is a knave then Aiden is a knight," Benjamin declared. "Benjamin is a knight," Olivia mentioned. "Emily is a knave," Aurora mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden Amelia Joseph Emily Ava Benjamin Olivia Aurora

Aiden is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Joseph is a knight, Emily is a knave, Ava is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, Olivia is a knight, and Aurora is a knight.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Amelia is a knight
(3) Joseph is a knight
(4) Emily is a knave
(5) Ava is a knave
(6) Benjamin is a knight
(7) Olivia is a knight
(8) Aurora is a knight

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight and Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emily is a knave then Aiden is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is not a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Ava is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

(('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 6)), ('<=>', ('lying', 5), ('telling-truth', 7)), ('->', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 5), ('lying', 3))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Chloe, Joseph, Elizabeth, Sebastian, Aurora, Alexander, and Sophia. "Elizabeth is a knave or Sebastian is a knight," Mia mentioned. "Sophia is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight" - Chloe. In a statement by Joseph: "If Chloe is a knave then Chloe is a knight". In Elizabeth's words: "If Alexander is a knave then Chloe is a knight". In a statement by Sebastian: "Elizabeth is a knight". Aurora noted, "Alexander is not a knight". According to Alexander, "Chloe is a knave or Mia is a knave". Sophia said, "Chloe is not a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Chloe Joseph Elizabeth Sebastian Aurora Alexander Sophia

Mia is a knight, Chloe is a knave, Joseph is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Aurora is a knave, Alexander is a knight, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Chloe is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knave
(4) Elizabeth is a knight
(5) Sebastian is a knight
(6) Aurora is a knave
(7) Alexander is a knight
(8) Sophia is a knight

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave or Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Alexander is a knave then Chloe is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave or Mia is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Chloe is a knave or Mia is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knave if and only if Alexander is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Chloe is a knave then Chloe is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Chloe is a knave then Chloe is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Alexander is not a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: David, Chloe, Evelyn, Benjamin, Jackson, Matthew, James, and Ethan. David asserted: "Ethan is a knave". Chloe expressed that Ethan is a knight if and only if James is a knight. In a statement by Evelyn: "Evelyn is a knight or Benjamin is a knight". Benjamin noted, "If James is a knight then Chloe is a knave". "David is a knave and Chloe is a knave," Jackson claimed. As Matthew put it, "Benjamin is a knave if and only if David is a knave". According to James, "Evelyn is a knave if and only if David is a knave". Ethan noted, "David is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

David Chloe Evelyn Benjamin Jackson Matthew James Ethan

David is a knave, Chloe is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Jackson is a knave, Matthew is a knight, James is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) David is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Evelyn is a knave
(4) Benjamin is a knave
(5) Jackson is a knave
(6) Matthew is a knight
(7) James is a knight
(8) Ethan is a knight

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of David that Ethan is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that David is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If James is a knight then Chloe is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Benjamin is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that If James is a knight then Chloe is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of James that Evelyn is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider James.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that If James is a knight then Chloe is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James, Benjamin, and Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider David.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that David is a knave if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Evelyn is a knave if and only if David is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight or Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if James is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that David is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave if and only if David is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, Elizabeth, Matthew, Ava, Charlotte, Alexander, Emily, and Abigail. Riley commented, "Alexander is a knight". Elizabeth noted, "Charlotte is a knight or Matthew is a knave". Matthew expressed that Charlotte is a knave and Matthew is a knight. In Ava's words: "Ava is a knight or Emily is a knight". Charlotte told you that Alexander is a knight or Matthew is a knight. Alexander asserted: "Matthew is a knave". According to Emily, "Ava is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight". In Abigail's words: "Charlotte is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Elizabeth Matthew Ava Charlotte Alexander Emily Abigail

Riley is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Matthew is a knave, Ava is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Emily is a knight, and Abigail is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Elizabeth is a knight
(3) Matthew is a knave
(4) Ava is a knight
(5) Charlotte is a knight
(6) Alexander is a knight
(7) Emily is a knight
(8) Abigail is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knave.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Matthew is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and Matthew is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Matthew is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight or Matthew is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight or Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave or Elizabeth is a knight.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave.

(('telling-truth', 5), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 2)), ('and', ('lying', 4), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('lying', 2), ('or', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('lying', 4))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Grace, Avery, Benjamin, Isabella, Michael, Olivia, Aiden, and Owen. Grace commented, "Olivia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave". Avery asserted: "If Olivia is a knave then Benjamin is a knave". Benjamin stated, "If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight". "Benjamin is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight" - Isabella. Michael asserted: "Benjamin is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave". Olivia said that Aiden is a knave and Michael is a knight. "If Benjamin is a knight then Isabella is a knight" - Aiden. Owen commented, "Michael is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Avery Benjamin Isabella Michael Olivia Aiden Owen

Grace is a knave, Avery is a knave, Benjamin is a knight, Isabella is a knight, Michael is a knight, Olivia is a knave, Aiden is a knight, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knight
(4) Isabella is a knight
(5) Michael is a knight
(6) Olivia is a knave
(7) Aiden is a knight
(8) Owen is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Olivia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Olivia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella and Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that If Benjamin is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, Aiden, and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Aiden is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that If Benjamin is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that If Isabella is a knave then Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin and Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Olivia is a knave then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Olivia is a knave then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Avery is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, Sophia, Benjamin, Amelia, Daniel, Isabella, Michael, and Chloe. In Riley's words: "Isabella is not a knave". "Chloe is a knight and Daniel is a knight" - Sophia. According to Benjamin, "Isabella is a knave". Amelia noted, "Daniel is not a knave". According to Daniel, "Chloe is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave". In a statement by Isabella: "Benjamin is a knight or Daniel is a knave". "Chloe is not a knight" - Michael. In Chloe's words: "Benjamin is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Sophia Benjamin Amelia Daniel Isabella Michael Chloe

Riley is a knight, Sophia is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Amelia is a knave, Daniel is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Michael is a knave, and Chloe is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Sophia is a knave
(3) Benjamin is a knave
(4) Amelia is a knave
(5) Daniel is a knave
(6) Isabella is a knight
(7) Michael is a knave
(8) Chloe is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight or Daniel is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Benjamin is a knight or Daniel is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Daniel that Chloe is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is a knight and Daniel is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knight and Daniel is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Daniel is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Abigail, Ella, Charlotte, Sebastian, Scarlett, Ava, Riley, and Oliver. Abigail was heard saying, "Ava is not a knave". As Ella put it, "Ava is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave". "If Ella is a knight then Abigail is a knave" - Charlotte. "Riley is a knave and Riley is a knight" - Sebastian. "Charlotte is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave," Scarlett claimed. According to Ava, "Scarlett is not a knight". Riley remarked, "If Ella is a knight then Scarlett is a knight". Oliver remarked, "Ella is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail Ella Charlotte Sebastian Scarlett Ava Riley Oliver

Abigail is a knight, Ella is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, Ava is a knight, Riley is a knight, and Oliver is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knight
(2) Ella is a knave
(3) Charlotte is a knight
(4) Sebastian is a knave
(5) Scarlett is a knave
(6) Ava is a knight
(7) Riley is a knight
(8) Oliver is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Scarlett is not a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight if and only if Oliver is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ava is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave and Riley is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave and Riley is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Scarlett is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sebastian, Evelyn, Jacob, Aurora, Amelia, Harper, Mia, and Grace. Sebastian remarked, "Mia is a knight if and only if Grace is a knight". Evelyn said that Jacob is a knight or Grace is a knight. Jacob noted, "Harper is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight". Aurora noted, "Evelyn is a knave". Amelia commented, "If Sebastian is a knave then Mia is a knight". Harper stated, "Amelia is a knight or Sebastian is a knave". "If Harper is a knight then Sebastian is a knave," Mia mentioned. In Grace's words: "If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Evelyn Jacob Aurora Amelia Harper Mia Grace

Sebastian is a knight, Evelyn is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Aurora is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Harper is a knight, Mia is a knave, and Grace is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Evelyn is a knave
(3) Jacob is a knave
(4) Aurora is a knight
(5) Amelia is a knight
(6) Harper is a knight
(7) Mia is a knave
(8) Grace is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that If Harper is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Amelia is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Sebastian is a knave then Mia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Amelia and Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Harper is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knave then Mia is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Mia is a knight if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that If Evelyn is a knave then Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Evelyn that Jacob is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Abigail, Ava, Jacob, Penelope, Ethan, Samuel, Luke, and Alexander. Abigail asserted: "If Ethan is a knight then Ethan is a knave". Ava expressed that Alexander is a knave and Abigail is a knight. "Ethan is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight," Jacob claimed. "Ethan is not a knave" - Penelope. Ethan told you that Ava is a knight. "Alexander is a knight" - Samuel. As Luke put it, "Jacob is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave". Alexander asserted: "Luke is a knight and Penelope is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail Ava Jacob Penelope Ethan Samuel Luke Alexander

Abigail is a knight, Ava is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Penelope is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Alexander is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knight
(2) Ava is a knave
(3) Jacob is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knave
(5) Ethan is a knave
(6) Samuel is a knight
(7) Luke is a knight
(8) Alexander is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ethan is a knight then Ethan is a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that If Ethan is a knight then Ethan is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Ava is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave and Abigail is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight and Penelope is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Jacob is a knight if and only if Samuel is a knave.

Samuel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Samuel, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ethan is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Jack, Emily, Avery, James, Zoey, Liam, and Charlotte. In a statement by Elizabeth: "Avery is a knave". In a statement by Jack: "Elizabeth is a knave and Emily is a knight". Emily stated, "Charlotte is a knight or Liam is a knight". According to Avery, "If Elizabeth is a knave then Emily is a knight". James remarked, "Liam is a knave". "If Liam is a knave then Charlotte is a knight," Zoey declared. According to Liam, "Elizabeth is a knave or Charlotte is a knave". Charlotte said that If Jack is a knave then James is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth Jack Emily Avery James Zoey Liam Charlotte

Elizabeth is a knave, Jack is a knight, Emily is a knight, Avery is a knight, James is a knave, Zoey is a knight, Liam is a knight, and Charlotte is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knave
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Emily is a knight
(4) Avery is a knight
(5) James is a knave
(6) Zoey is a knight
(7) Liam is a knight
(8) Charlotte is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Avery is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Elizabeth is a knave then Emily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knave then Emily is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight or Liam is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then James is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave and Emily is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knave or Charlotte is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Liam, so let us go back and reconsider James.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knave or Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knave then Charlotte is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jackson, Mason, Lucas, Henry, James, Michael, William, and Emma. Jackson commented, "Michael is a knave or Henry is a knight". According to Mason, "James is a knave if and only if William is a knave". "Emma is a knight and Michael is a knight," Lucas claimed. "If Michael is a knave then William is a knight" - Henry. James expressed that Jackson is a knight or Henry is a knave. According to Michael, "Mason is a knave and James is a knave". In a statement by William: "Michael is a knave or Mason is a knave". Emma commented, "James is a knave and Michael is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson Mason Lucas Henry James Michael William Emma

Jackson is a knight, Mason is a knight, Lucas is a knave, Henry is a knight, James is a knight, Michael is a knave, William is a knight, and Emma is a knave.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Mason is a knight
(3) Lucas is a knave
(4) Henry is a knight
(5) James is a knight
(6) Michael is a knave
(7) William is a knight
(8) Emma is a knave

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave or Henry is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave and James is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Mason is a knave and James is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave if and only if William is a knave.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Mason is a knave and James is a knave.

James cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is a knight or Henry is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for James and Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave and James is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knave if and only if William is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knave then William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave or Mason is a knave.

Lucas cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Michael is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that James is a knave and Michael is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knave and Michael is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aria, Owen, Aiden, Oliver, Chloe, Olivia, Jacob, and Ethan. As Aria put it, "Chloe is not a knight". Owen asserted: "If Chloe is a knave then Jacob is a knave". Aiden stated, "Ethan is a knight or Owen is a knight". Oliver stated, "If Olivia is a knave then Ethan is a knight". "Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave," Chloe mentioned. "Aiden is not a knave," Olivia claimed. Jacob told you that Ethan is not a knight. According to Ethan, "Owen is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aria Owen Aiden Oliver Chloe Olivia Jacob Ethan

Aria is a knave, Owen is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Chloe is a knight, Olivia is a knight, Jacob is a knight, and Ethan is a knave.

(1) Aria is a knave
(2) Owen is a knight
(3) Aiden is a knight
(4) Oliver is a knight
(5) Chloe is a knight
(6) Olivia is a knight
(7) Jacob is a knight
(8) Ethan is a knave

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Chloe is not a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Owen is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Owen is not a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Chloe that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Owen is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, Ethan, and Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Ethan is a knight if and only if Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Chloe is a knave then Jacob is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is a knight or Owen is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knave then Ethan is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jackson, Emma, Logan, Aria, Grace, Liam, Penelope, and Matthew. Jackson said, "If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave." Emma stated, "If Matthew is a knave then Liam is a knave". "Matthew is a knave and Jackson is a knave," Logan mentioned. According to Aria, "Emma is a knave and Liam is a knight". In Grace's words: "Jackson is a knave and Liam is a knight". Liam noted, "Matthew is a knave and Penelope is a knight". "Emma is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave," Penelope claimed. As Matthew put it, "If Aria is a knight then Grace is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jackson Emma Logan Aria Grace Liam Penelope Matthew

Jackson is a knight, Emma is a knight, Logan is a knave, Aria is a knave, Grace is a knave, Liam is a knave, Penelope is a knave, and Matthew is a knight.

(1) Jackson is a knight
(2) Emma is a knight
(3) Logan is a knave
(4) Aria is a knave
(5) Grace is a knave
(6) Liam is a knave
(7) Penelope is a knave
(8) Matthew is a knight

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Grace is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Emma is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Matthew is a knave then Liam is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that If Matthew is a knight then Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave and Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight if and only if Matthew is a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave and Liam is a knight.

Logan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knave and Jackson is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knave and Jackson is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Joseph, Olivia, Amelia, Grace, Emily, Michael, Noah, and Luke. Joseph stated, "Emily is a knave or Amelia is a knight". Olivia remarked, "Noah is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight". Amelia remarked, "Olivia is a knave and Luke is a knave". Grace expressed that Joseph is a knave and Noah is a knave. As Emily put it, "Olivia is not a knave". Michael told you that Joseph is a knight and Joseph is a knave. Noah stated, "Joseph is a knight". Luke stated, "Amelia is a knave and Michael is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Joseph Olivia Amelia Grace Emily Michael Noah Luke

Joseph is a knave, Olivia is a knight, Amelia is a knave, Grace is a knight, Emily is a knight, Michael is a knave, Noah is a knave, and Luke is a knight.

(1) Joseph is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) Amelia is a knave
(4) Grace is a knight
(5) Emily is a knight
(6) Michael is a knave
(7) Noah is a knave
(8) Luke is a knight

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave or Amelia is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is not a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Noah is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Olivia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is not a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Olivia is not a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Noah is a knave if and only if Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, Olivia, and Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Joseph.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave or Amelia is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Emily is a knave or Amelia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave and Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knight and Joseph is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight and Joseph is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave and Noah is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Benjamin, Olivia, James, Aurora, Michael, Jackson, Mason, and Isabella. According to Benjamin, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight". In a statement by Olivia: "If Benjamin is a knight then Olivia is a knight". In James's words: "Benjamin is not a knave". Aurora remarked, "Mason is not a knight". Michael remarked, "Olivia is a knave". In a statement by Jackson: "If Isabella is a knight then Aurora is a knight". Mason stated, "If Benjamin is a knight then Benjamin is a knave". Isabella asserted: "Benjamin is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Benjamin Olivia James Aurora Michael Jackson Mason Isabella

Benjamin is a knave, Olivia is a knight, James is a knave, Aurora is a knave, Michael is a knave, Jackson is a knave, Mason is a knight, and Isabella is a knight.

(1) Benjamin is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) James is a knave
(4) Aurora is a knave
(5) Michael is a knave
(6) Jackson is a knave
(7) Mason is a knight
(8) Isabella is a knight

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is not a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Isabella is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Isabella is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson and Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Isabella is a knight if and only if Jackson is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Isabella is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that If Isabella is a knight then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Olivia is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ava, Logan, Jack, Lily, Michael, Penelope, Sophia, and Jackson. Ava was heard saying, "Lily is a knight". Logan was heard saying, "Jack is not a knave". In a statement by Jack: "Ava is not a knight". Lily said that Penelope is a knave. In Michael's words: "If Jack is a knight then Logan is a knave". As Penelope put it, "Logan is a knight or Ava is a knight". Sophia was heard saying, "If Logan is a knight then Ava is a knave". Jackson remarked, "Sophia is a knight and Ava is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ava Logan Jack Lily Michael Penelope Sophia Jackson

Ava is a knave, Logan is a knight, Jack is a knight, Lily is a knave, Michael is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Sophia is a knight, and Jackson is a knave.

(1) Ava is a knave
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Jack is a knight
(4) Lily is a knave
(5) Michael is a knave
(6) Penelope is a knight
(7) Sophia is a knight
(8) Jackson is a knave

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Penelope is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Logan is a knight or Ava is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ava that Lily is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Ava.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ava that Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight or Ava is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is not a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Jack is a knight then Logan is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Logan is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knight then Ava is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sophia is a knight and Ava is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight and Ava is a knight.

(('telling-truth', 3), ('not', ('lying', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('lying', 5), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 1)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 1), ('lying', 0)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sebastian, Olivia, Harper, Samuel, Alexander, Sofia, Liam, and William. Sebastian said that Sofia is a knight or Sofia is a knave. "Liam is not a knave," Olivia declared. "Alexander is a knave or William is a knight," Harper declared. "Sebastian is a knight," Samuel claimed. In Alexander's words: "Sebastian is a knight". Sofia remarked, "Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight". "Olivia is a knave and Harper is a knight," Liam claimed. William expressed that Harper is not a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Olivia Harper Samuel Alexander Sofia Liam William

Sebastian is a knight, Olivia is a knave, Harper is a knave, Samuel is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Liam is a knave, and William is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Olivia is a knave
(3) Harper is a knave
(4) Samuel is a knight
(5) Alexander is a knight
(6) Sofia is a knight
(7) Liam is a knave
(8) William is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight or Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave or Liam is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave and Harper is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Olivia is a knave and Harper is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Liam is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave and Harper is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Liam is not a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is not a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Olivia is a knave and Harper is a knight.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knave or William is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Alexander is a knave or William is a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Luke, Ava, Sofia, Emma, Aria, Matthew, Charlotte, and Mason. "Matthew is a knight," Luke claimed. Ava stated, "Mason is a knave or Aria is a knave". As Sofia put it, "Charlotte is not a knave". Emma was heard saying, "If Mason is a knave then Sofia is a knight". As Aria put it, "Matthew is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight". Matthew expressed that Sofia is a knave. Charlotte asserted: "Emma is a knight". Mason said, "Matthew is a knight and Aria is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke Ava Sofia Emma Aria Matthew Charlotte Mason

Luke is a knave, Ava is a knight, Sofia is a knight, Emma is a knight, Aria is a knight, Matthew is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, and Mason is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knave
(2) Ava is a knight
(3) Sofia is a knight
(4) Emma is a knight
(5) Aria is a knight
(6) Matthew is a knave
(7) Charlotte is a knight
(8) Mason is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Matthew that Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is not a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sofia that Charlotte is not a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Charlotte that Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mason is a knave then Sofia is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that If Mason is a knave then Sofia is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that Matthew is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Matthew is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, Mason, Emma, Charlotte, and Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Matthew cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Matthew is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Matthew is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knave.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is not a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knave then Sofia is a knight.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Matthew is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Matthew is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave or Aria is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Logan, Aria, Mia, Isabella, Jack, Victoria, Evelyn, and Noah. "Evelyn is a knight and Logan is a knight," Logan declared. Aria asserted: "If Noah is a knave then Jack is a knight". "Aria is a knave," Mia claimed. "Mia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave," Isabella claimed. In Jack's words: "If Aria is a knave then Logan is a knight". "Aria is a knight," Victoria mentioned. Evelyn commented, "If Isabella is a knave then Logan is a knave". Noah asserted: "If Jack is a knight then Aria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan Aria Mia Isabella Jack Victoria Evelyn Noah

Logan is a knave, Aria is a knight, Mia is a knave, Isabella is a knave, Jack is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, and Noah is a knight.

(1) Logan is a knave
(2) Aria is a knight
(3) Mia is a knave
(4) Isabella is a knave
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) Victoria is a knight
(7) Evelyn is a knight
(8) Noah is a knight

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight and Logan is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knave then Logan is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Mia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Mia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Aria is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria and Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that If Isabella is a knave then Logan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Evelyn.

Evelyn cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Evelyn is a knight and Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Evelyn, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight and Logan is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Noah is a knave then Jack is a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that If Noah is a knave then Jack is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knight then Aria is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that If Noah is a knave then Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that If Jack is a knight then Aria is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jack, Noah, and Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knave then Jack is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knight then Aria is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Logan is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Logan, Aiden, Joseph, Daniel, Abigail, Isabella, Lucas, and Aria. Logan remarked, "Daniel is not a knave". Aiden noted, "Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave". "Logan is a knight and Isabella is a knave," Joseph declared. "If Aria is a knight then Logan is a knave," Daniel declared. Abigail was heard saying, "Logan is a knave and Lucas is a knave". "Daniel is a knight" - Isabella. As Lucas put it, "Joseph is a knight". "Aiden is a knave and Joseph is a knight," Aria mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan Aiden Joseph Daniel Abigail Isabella Lucas Aria

Logan is a knight, Aiden is a knave, Joseph is a knave, Daniel is a knight, Abigail is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Lucas is a knave, and Aria is a knave.

(1) Logan is a knight
(2) Aiden is a knave
(3) Joseph is a knave
(4) Daniel is a knight
(5) Abigail is a knave
(6) Isabella is a knight
(7) Lucas is a knave
(8) Aria is a knave

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Logan is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If Aria is a knight then Logan is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave and Joseph is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knave and Lucas is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Abigail cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Abigail is a knave if and only if Logan is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave and Lucas is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that Aiden is a knave and Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Lucas that Joseph is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph, so let us go back and reconsider Lucas.

Assume Lucas is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lucas that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knight and Isabella is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Isabella, Jack, Jackson, Owen, Noah, Ethan, Amelia, and David. In a statement by Isabella: "Jackson is a knight or Jackson is a knave". As Jack put it, "Noah is a knight". Jackson noted, "Owen is a knight or Isabella is a knight". In Owen's words: "If Owen is a knight then Amelia is a knave". Noah told you that If Amelia is a knight then Owen is a knave. In a statement by Ethan: "Amelia is a knave and Noah is a knight". According to Amelia, "David is a knight and Ethan is a knight". David expressed that If Amelia is a knave then Isabella is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Jack Jackson Owen Noah Ethan Amelia David

Isabella is a knight, Jack is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Owen is a knight, Noah is a knight, Ethan is a knight, Amelia is a knave, and David is a knave.

(1) Isabella is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knight
(4) Owen is a knight
(5) Noah is a knight
(6) Ethan is a knight
(7) Amelia is a knave
(8) David is a knave

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Jackson is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Isabella is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knight then Amelia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Owen that If Owen is a knight then Amelia is a knave.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight and Ethan is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Amelia is a knave then Isabella is a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Amelia is a knave then Isabella is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave and Noah is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knight then Owen is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: James, Benjamin, Noah, Elizabeth, Avery, Aiden, Penelope, and Jackson. James expressed that Noah is a knave. Benjamin expressed that James is a knight. Noah remarked, "Jackson is a knave and Avery is a knight". Elizabeth expressed that Penelope is a knight. Avery noted, "Avery is a knight or James is a knight". Aiden was heard saying, "Benjamin is a knave or Noah is a knave". According to Penelope, "Aiden is not a knight". In a statement by Jackson: "Noah is a knight or Noah is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

James Benjamin Noah Elizabeth Avery Aiden Penelope Jackson

James is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, Noah is a knave, Elizabeth is a knave, Avery is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Penelope is a knave, and Jackson is a knight.

(1) James is a knight
(2) Benjamin is a knight
(3) Noah is a knave
(4) Elizabeth is a knave
(5) Avery is a knight
(6) Aiden is a knight
(7) Penelope is a knave
(8) Jackson is a knight

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of James that Noah is a knave.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave and Avery is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is a knight or Noah is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or James is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Aiden is not a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Benjamin is a knave or Noah is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Elizabeth that Penelope is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Elizabeth.

Assume Elizabeth is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Elizabeth that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave or Noah is a knave.

(('lying', 2), ('telling-truth', 0), ('and', ('lying', 7), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('telling-truth', 6), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('or', ('lying', 1), ('lying', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 5)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Victoria, Jackson, Mason, Avery, Daniel, Emma, Isabella, and Amelia. Victoria stated, "Emma is a knight". As Jackson put it, "Daniel is a knave or Isabella is a knight". Mason expressed that If Amelia is a knave then Daniel is a knight. Avery said that If Isabella is a knight then Jackson is a knave. Daniel was heard saying, "Isabella is a knave". Emma told you that If Mason is a knight then Isabella is a knave. According to Isabella, "If Emma is a knave then Avery is a knight". Amelia said, "Avery is a knight or Daniel is a knight." So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Victoria Jackson Mason Avery Daniel Emma Isabella Amelia

Victoria is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Mason is a knave, Avery is a knave, Daniel is a knave, Emma is a knight, Isabella is a knight, and Amelia is a knave.

(1) Victoria is a knight
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Mason is a knave
(4) Avery is a knave
(5) Daniel is a knave
(6) Emma is a knight
(7) Isabella is a knight
(8) Amelia is a knave

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Amelia is a knave then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that If Mason is a knight then Isabella is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Emma is a knave then Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Isabella is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Avery that If Isabella is a knight then Jackson is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella and Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Amelia.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Amelia that Avery is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, Avery, and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Amelia is a knave then Daniel is a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that If Amelia is a knave then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knave then Avery is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave or Isabella is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that If Amelia is a knave then Daniel is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Isabella, Chloe, Victoria, Benjamin, Michael, Alexander, Emily, and Sophia. Isabella stated, "Michael is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave". Chloe stated, "Benjamin is a knave or Michael is a knight". Victoria said that If Benjamin is a knight then Michael is a knight. Benjamin said, "Victoria is not a knight." "If Isabella is a knight then Alexander is a knight" - Michael. "If Sophia is a knight then Isabella is a knight" - Alexander. Emily asserted: "Isabella is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight". Sophia remarked, "Victoria is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Isabella Chloe Victoria Benjamin Michael Alexander Emily Sophia

Isabella is a knave, Chloe is a knight, Victoria is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, Michael is a knight, Alexander is a knave, Emily is a knave, and Sophia is a knight.

(1) Isabella is a knave
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Victoria is a knight
(4) Benjamin is a knave
(5) Michael is a knight
(6) Alexander is a knave
(7) Emily is a knave
(8) Sophia is a knight

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Isabella is a knight then Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that If Sophia is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Victoria is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Benjamin is a knight then Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Victoria and Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sophia is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Michael is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Victoria is not a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is not a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave or Michael is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Victoria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mason, Olivia, David, Grace, Ella, Isabella, Sofia, and Aiden. Mason asserted: "David is not a knave". In Olivia's words: "Ella is not a knight". According to David, "David is a knight". As Grace put it, "Isabella is a knight and Aiden is a knave". In a statement by Ella: "Isabella is a knight and Sofia is a knave". Isabella told you that If Olivia is a knight then Sofia is a knave. Sofia stated, "If Mason is a knight then Ella is a knight". According to Aiden, "Mason is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason Olivia David Grace Ella Isabella Sofia Aiden

Mason is a knave, Olivia is a knight, David is a knave, Grace is a knave, Ella is a knave, Isabella is a knave, Sofia is a knight, and Aiden is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knave
(2) Olivia is a knight
(3) David is a knave
(4) Grace is a knave
(5) Ella is a knave
(6) Isabella is a knave
(7) Sofia is a knight
(8) Aiden is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knave.

Assume David is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is not a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Ella is not a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that If Olivia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that Isabella is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Olivia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Mason is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Isabella that If Olivia is a knight then Sofia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, Isabella, and Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is not a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Isabella is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Mason is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Isabella is a knight and Sofia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Ella is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider David.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that David is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is not a knave.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that David is not a knave.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mason is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight and Aiden is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave if and only if Grace is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mason, Alexander, Aurora, Owen, Abigail, Sophia, Emma, and Evelyn. "Mason is a knight," Mason declared. Alexander asserted: "Owen is a knight or Mason is a knight". In a statement by Aurora: "Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave". In a statement by Owen: "Mason is a knave and Evelyn is a knight". "Mason is a knight or Evelyn is a knight," Abigail claimed. Sophia was heard saying, "If Aurora is a knight then Mason is a knave". In Emma's words: "Owen is a knave or Aurora is a knight". Evelyn asserted: "If Sophia is a knave then Alexander is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason Alexander Aurora Owen Abigail Sophia Emma Evelyn

Mason is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Aurora is a knave, Owen is a knave, Abigail is a knight, Sophia is a knight, Emma is a knight, and Evelyn is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Aurora is a knave
(4) Owen is a knave
(5) Abigail is a knight
(6) Sophia is a knight
(7) Emma is a knight
(8) Evelyn is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Mason is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knave and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knave and Evelyn is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sophia is a knave then Alexander is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Mason is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that If Aurora is a knight then Mason is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knave or Aurora is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight or Evelyn is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Luke, Liam, Scarlett, Sebastian, Jack, Sophia, Ella, and Joseph. "Ella is a knave," Luke claimed. Liam asserted: "Sebastian is a knight or Ella is a knight". Scarlett said that Joseph is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight. Sebastian stated, "Jack is a knave". Jack asserted: "Joseph is a knight or Scarlett is a knave". "Jack is a knight," Sophia claimed. "Liam is a knight and Scarlett is a knight," Ella claimed. Joseph was heard saying, "Jack is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke Liam Scarlett Sebastian Jack Sophia Ella Joseph

Luke is a knight, Liam is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, Sebastian is a knave, Jack is a knight, Sophia is a knight, Ella is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Liam is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knave
(4) Sebastian is a knave
(5) Jack is a knight
(6) Sophia is a knight
(7) Ella is a knave
(8) Joseph is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Liam is a knight and Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Jack is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jack that Joseph is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jack is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Joseph and Jack, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Sebastian is a knight or Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Sebastian is a knight or Ella is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight or Scarlett is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is not a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is not a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight.

(('lying', 6), ('or', ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('<=>', ('lying', 7), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('lying', 4), ('or', ('telling-truth', 7), ('lying', 2)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 4)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Olivia, Daniel, Samuel, Jackson, Mason, Zoey, Charlotte, and James. Olivia asserted: "If Charlotte is a knave then Samuel is a knight". Daniel remarked, "Jackson is a knave". Samuel asserted: "Zoey is a knave or Mason is a knave". According to Jackson, "Olivia is a knave". Mason said, "James is a knight if and only if Mason is a knight." Zoey told you that Mason is not a knave. Charlotte asserted: "Samuel is a knight or Olivia is a knight". James stated, "Jackson is a knave and Samuel is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Olivia Daniel Samuel Jackson Mason Zoey Charlotte James

Olivia is a knight, Daniel is a knight, Samuel is a knight, Jackson is a knave, Mason is a knave, Zoey is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, and James is a knight.

(1) Olivia is a knight
(2) Daniel is a knight
(3) Samuel is a knight
(4) Jackson is a knave
(5) Mason is a knave
(6) Zoey is a knave
(7) Charlotte is a knight
(8) James is a knight

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Charlotte is a knave then Samuel is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Samuel is a knight or Olivia is a knight.

Assume Samuel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave or Mason is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Samuel that Zoey is a knave or Mason is a knave.

Mason cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that Mason is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is not a knave.

Mason cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that Mason is not a knave.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight if and only if Mason is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave and Samuel is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, Logan, Benjamin, Penelope, Harper, Aria, Henry, and Olivia. Riley told you that Penelope is a knave. Logan stated, "If Harper is a knave then Benjamin is a knave". "Olivia is a knave" - Benjamin. Penelope told you that If Harper is a knight then Henry is a knave. Harper remarked, "If Benjamin is a knight then Penelope is a knave". In Aria's words: "Harper is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave". In Henry's words: "Aria is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave". In Olivia's words: "Henry is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Logan Benjamin Penelope Harper Aria Henry Olivia

Riley is a knave, Logan is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Harper is a knight, Aria is a knight, Henry is a knave, and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knave
(2) Logan is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knave
(4) Penelope is a knight
(5) Harper is a knight
(6) Aria is a knight
(7) Henry is a knave
(8) Olivia is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Riley that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Harper is a knight then Henry is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Penelope is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is not a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that Aria is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Henry cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that If Harper is a knight then Henry is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is not a knight.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Henry is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Olivia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia and Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Harper.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that If Harper is a knight then Henry is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper and Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Riley.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Henry is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that If Benjamin is a knight then Penelope is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that If Harper is a knight then Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave if and only if Riley is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight if and only if Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Benjamin is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, William, Benjamin, Isabella, Zoey, Lily, Mason, and Ethan. "If Lily is a knave then Zoey is a knave" - Riley. William said that Benjamin is not a knave. Benjamin expressed that If Zoey is a knight then William is a knight. Isabella remarked, "William is not a knave". Zoey remarked, "Benjamin is a knight or William is a knight". Lily expressed that Mason is a knight or Riley is a knight. "Zoey is a knave or Riley is a knave," Mason mentioned. Ethan remarked, "Mason is a knight and Zoey is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley William Benjamin Isabella Zoey Lily Mason Ethan

Riley is a knight, William is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, Isabella is a knight, Zoey is a knight, Lily is a knight, Mason is a knave, and Ethan is a knave.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) William is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knight
(4) Isabella is a knight
(5) Zoey is a knight
(6) Lily is a knight
(7) Mason is a knave
(8) Ethan is a knave

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Lily is a knave then Zoey is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight or Riley is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave or Riley is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Zoey is a knave or Riley is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knight or William is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that Benjamin is a knight or William is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Zoey is a knight then William is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin and Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave or Riley is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knight or William is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Zoey is a knight then William is a knight.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is not a knave.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is not a knave.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mason is a knight and Zoey is a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight and Zoey is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Liam, Michael, Isabella, Charlotte, Aurora, Harper, Matthew, and Mason. Liam commented, "Isabella is a knight". Michael said, "Isabella is a knight." Isabella told you that Michael is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight. Charlotte said, "Mason is not a knave." Aurora remarked, "Harper is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave". In Harper's words: "Mason is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight". Matthew remarked, "Charlotte is a knave and Michael is a knave". Mason expressed that Michael is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Liam Michael Isabella Charlotte Aurora Harper Matthew Mason

Liam is a knave, Michael is a knave, Isabella is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Aurora is a knave, Harper is a knight, Matthew is a knave, and Mason is a knight.

(1) Liam is a knave
(2) Michael is a knave
(3) Isabella is a knave
(4) Charlotte is a knight
(5) Aurora is a knave
(6) Harper is a knight
(7) Matthew is a knave
(8) Mason is a knight

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Liam that Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Liam.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Liam that Isabella is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is not a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that Michael is a knight if and only if Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is a knave if and only if Michael is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that Mason is a knave if and only if Matthew is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knave and Michael is a knave.