A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Grace, Mia, Chloe, William, Liam, Sebastian, Charlotte, and Henry. Grace noted, "Henry is a knave". "Liam is a knave," Mia claimed. Chloe said that Mia is a knight. "Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave" - William. Liam was heard saying, "Grace is a knight". In a statement by Sebastian: "Grace is not a knight". According to Charlotte, "If Liam is a knight then Grace is a knight". Henry noted, "William is a knave or Grace is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Mia Chloe William Liam Sebastian Charlotte Henry

Grace is a knave, Mia is a knight, Chloe is a knight, William is a knave, Liam is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, Charlotte is a knight, and Henry is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knave
(2) Mia is a knight
(3) Chloe is a knight
(4) William is a knave
(5) Liam is a knave
(6) Sebastian is a knight
(7) Charlotte is a knight
(8) Henry is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knave.

Henry cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave or Grace is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that William is a knave or Grace is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knave.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave or Grace is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Henry is a knave.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Liam is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Liam is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is not a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Liam is a knight then Grace is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Henry, Emma, Michael, Ella, Logan, Sebastian, Sophia, and Daniel. Henry noted, "If Sebastian is a knight then Ella is a knight". "Michael is a knave if and only if Henry is a knave," Emma mentioned. "Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave," Michael mentioned. Ella remarked, "Sophia is a knight or Daniel is a knight". "If Daniel is a knave then Ella is a knight," Logan mentioned. According to Sebastian, "If Logan is a knight then Sophia is a knight". Sophia noted, "Emma is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight". Daniel stated, "Ella is a knight or Sebastian is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry Emma Michael Ella Logan Sebastian Sophia Daniel

Henry is a knave, Emma is a knave, Michael is a knight, Ella is a knave, Logan is a knave, Sebastian is a knight, Sophia is a knave, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Henry is a knave
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Michael is a knight
(4) Ella is a knave
(5) Logan is a knave
(6) Sebastian is a knight
(7) Sophia is a knave
(8) Daniel is a knave

Let's think step by step, by considering whether each person is lying and if that leads to contradiction.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Logan is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Daniel is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Emma is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Henry is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Michael is a knave if and only if Henry is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael and Emma, so let us go back and reconsider Sophia.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that If Logan is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that If Sebastian is a knight then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Daniel that Ella is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella and Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Daniel is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that If Daniel is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that If Daniel is a knave then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, Daniel, and Logan, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Logan is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that If Logan is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Henry is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Emma that Michael is a knave if and only if Henry is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Emma is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma and Sophia, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sophia is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ella is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Logan cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that If Logan is a knight then Sophia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Logan and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that If Sebastian is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that If Daniel is a knave then Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sophia is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that Sophia is a knight or Daniel is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sophia that Emma is a knave if and only if Logan is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave or Emma is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sebastian, Chloe, Scarlett, Matthew, Luke, Jacob, Olivia, and Lucas. According to Sebastian, "Scarlett is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight". According to Chloe, "Sebastian is a knight or Sebastian is a knave". In Scarlett's words: "Luke is a knight and Lucas is a knight". According to Matthew, "Lucas is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knave". As Luke put it, "Chloe is not a knight". Jacob said, "Chloe is a knight or Olivia is a knave." "Luke is a knight or Lucas is a knight," Olivia claimed. As Lucas put it, "Scarlett is a knave and Chloe is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Chloe Scarlett Matthew Luke Jacob Olivia Lucas

Sebastian is a knight, Chloe is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, Matthew is a knave, Luke is a knave, Jacob is a knight, Olivia is a knight, and Lucas is a knight.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Chloe is a knight
(3) Scarlett is a knave
(4) Matthew is a knave
(5) Luke is a knave
(6) Jacob is a knight
(7) Olivia is a knight
(8) Lucas is a knight

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Chloe is not a knight.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sebastian is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Luke cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Luke, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knight and Lucas is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Luke is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is a knave and Chloe is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lucas is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lucas is a knave if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight or Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knight or Lucas is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Harper, Emma, Chloe, Amelia, Luke, Jacob, Zoey, and Joseph. Harper was heard saying, "If Harper is a knight then Emma is a knave". Emma said that Joseph is a knave. In a statement by Chloe: "Zoey is not a knave". "Chloe is a knave," Amelia declared. Luke asserted: "Harper is a knight or Luke is a knight". "Zoey is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight" - Jacob. Zoey noted, "If Chloe is a knave then Zoey is a knight". Joseph remarked, "Amelia is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Harper Emma Chloe Amelia Luke Jacob Zoey Joseph

Harper is a knight, Emma is a knave, Chloe is a knight, Amelia is a knave, Luke is a knight, Jacob is a knave, Zoey is a knight, and Joseph is a knight.

(1) Harper is a knight
(2) Emma is a knave
(3) Chloe is a knight
(4) Amelia is a knave
(5) Luke is a knight
(6) Jacob is a knave
(7) Zoey is a knight
(8) Joseph is a knight

Assume Harper is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Harper that If Harper is a knight then Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knight.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Amelia is not a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is not a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Chloe is a knave then Zoey is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knight or Luke is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Zoey is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight if and only if Amelia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Charlotte, Luke, Owen, Amelia, Mason, Lucas, Daniel, and Olivia. Charlotte was heard saying, "Amelia is a knave and Amelia is a knight". "Daniel is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight," Luke mentioned. Owen noted, "Amelia is not a knave". Amelia commented, "Daniel is not a knight". As Mason put it, "Owen is a knight". Lucas stated, "Amelia is a knave or Owen is a knight". Daniel asserted: "Luke is a knave". "Owen is a knight or Amelia is a knight," Olivia declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Charlotte Luke Owen Amelia Mason Lucas Daniel Olivia

Charlotte is a knave, Luke is a knight, Owen is a knight, Amelia is a knight, Mason is a knight, Lucas is a knight, Daniel is a knave, and Olivia is a knight.

(1) Charlotte is a knave
(2) Luke is a knight
(3) Owen is a knight
(4) Amelia is a knight
(5) Mason is a knight
(6) Lucas is a knight
(7) Daniel is a knave
(8) Olivia is a knight

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Amelia is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave and Amelia is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is not a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Amelia that Daniel is not a knight.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave if and only if Amelia is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is not a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight.

Assume Lucas is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave or Owen is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Owen is a knight or Amelia is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Abigail, Avery, William, Chloe, Zoey, Matthew, Aiden, and Sebastian. Abigail expressed that Zoey is a knight or Abigail is a knight. As Avery put it, "Chloe is a knave or Sebastian is a knave". In William's words: "Sebastian is not a knight". "Zoey is a knight," Chloe mentioned. In Zoey's words: "If Sebastian is a knight then Abigail is a knave". As Matthew put it, "If Aiden is a knave then Abigail is a knave". "Zoey is a knave or Aiden is a knight," Aiden claimed. Sebastian was heard saying, "William is a knight or Zoey is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Abigail Avery William Chloe Zoey Matthew Aiden Sebastian

Abigail is a knight, Avery is a knight, William is a knave, Chloe is a knave, Zoey is a knave, Matthew is a knight, Aiden is a knight, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Abigail is a knight
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) William is a knave
(4) Chloe is a knave
(5) Zoey is a knave
(6) Matthew is a knight
(7) Aiden is a knight
(8) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight or Abigail is a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Zoey that If Sebastian is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that William is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Sebastian is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Zoey.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sebastian is a knight then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knight or Zoey is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knave or Sebastian is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Chloe is a knave or Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knave then Abigail is a knave.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave or Aiden is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Luke, Sebastian, Sophia, Chloe, Victoria, Emma, Elizabeth, and Penelope. "Sophia is a knight or Chloe is a knight," Luke mentioned. Sebastian told you that Luke is a knave or Penelope is a knight. Sophia noted, "Sebastian is not a knight". According to Chloe, "If Elizabeth is a knight then Luke is a knave". "Emma is a knight" - Victoria. In Emma's words: "Victoria is a knight". Elizabeth stated, "If Penelope is a knight then Chloe is a knight". In a statement by Penelope: "Victoria is a knight or Sebastian is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke Sebastian Sophia Chloe Victoria Emma Elizabeth Penelope

Luke is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, Sophia is a knight, Chloe is a knave, Victoria is a knave, Emma is a knave, Elizabeth is a knight, and Penelope is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Sophia is a knight
(4) Chloe is a knave
(5) Victoria is a knave
(6) Emma is a knave
(7) Elizabeth is a knight
(8) Penelope is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sophia is a knight or Chloe is a knight.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sophia that Sebastian is not a knight.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Luke is a knave or Penelope is a knight.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that Luke is a knave or Penelope is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that Victoria is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Victoria that Emma is a knight.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Victoria is a knight.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Elizabeth cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that If Elizabeth is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Elizabeth cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Penelope is a knight then Chloe is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Elizabeth, so let us go back and reconsider Chloe.

Assume Chloe is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Elizabeth is a knight then Luke is a knave.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knight then Chloe is a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('or', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 7)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 6), ('lying', 0)), ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 4), ('->', ('telling-truth', 7), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('telling-truth', 1)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Jacob, Jack, Ava, Grace, Noah, James, Olivia, and David. Jacob was heard saying, "Noah is not a knight". As Jack put it, "Jacob is not a knight". In Ava's words: "Noah is not a knight". Grace commented, "David is not a knight". Noah told you that James is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knight. "Jack is a knight and Noah is a knight" - James. Olivia commented, "If Jack is a knave then James is a knight". David asserted: "Olivia is not a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Jacob Jack Ava Grace Noah James Olivia David

Jacob is a knave, Jack is a knight, Ava is a knave, Grace is a knight, Noah is a knight, James is a knight, Olivia is a knight, and David is a knave.

(1) Jacob is a knave
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Ava is a knave
(4) Grace is a knight
(5) Noah is a knight
(6) James is a knight
(7) Olivia is a knight
(8) David is a knave

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Noah is not a knight.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Noah is not a knight.

Assume Noah is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that James is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knight.

James cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jack is a knight and Noah is a knight.

Assume James is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knight and Noah is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is not a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is not a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Jack is a knave then James is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Noah that James is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Olivia, Jack, James, and Noah, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is not a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that James is a knight if and only if Olivia is a knight.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight and Noah is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is not a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Jack is a knave then James is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Noah is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Noah is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is not a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that David is not a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is not a knight.

(('not', ('telling-truth', 4)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 4)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 7)), ('<=>', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 6)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('->', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 6)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Alexander, Emily, David, Grace, Oliver, Ava, Owen, and Sebastian. According to Alexander, "Emily is a knave and David is a knight". According to Emily, "Grace is not a knight". "Grace is not a knight," David mentioned. Grace remarked, "Oliver is a knight". "If Sebastian is a knight then David is a knave," Oliver mentioned. Ava expressed that Grace is a knight or Oliver is a knave. "Oliver is a knight or Grace is a knave" - Owen. "Emily is a knave and Grace is a knight" - Sebastian. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander Emily David Grace Oliver Ava Owen Sebastian

Alexander is a knave, Emily is a knave, David is a knave, Grace is a knight, Oliver is a knight, Ava is a knight, Owen is a knight, and Sebastian is a knight.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Emily is a knave
(3) David is a knave
(4) Grace is a knight
(5) Oliver is a knight
(6) Ava is a knight
(7) Owen is a knight
(8) Sebastian is a knight

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave and David is a knight.

Emily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Emily is a knave and David is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Sebastian is a knight then David is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emily is a knave and Grace is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is not a knight.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Emily is a knave and David is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Emily is a knave and Grace is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Oliver cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Oliver, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Emily that Grace is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace and Emily, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emily is a knave and David is a knight.

Assume Emily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is not a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Emily that Grace is not a knight.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Oliver is a knight.

Oliver cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Oliver is a knight.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Sebastian is a knight then David is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emily is a knave and Grace is a knight.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that If Sebastian is a knight then David is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian, Oliver, and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Emily.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Alexander that Emily is a knave and David is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is a knight or Oliver is a knave.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Oliver is a knight or Grace is a knave.

(('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 2)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 3)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 3)), ('telling-truth', 4), ('->', ('telling-truth', 7), ('lying', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 3), ('lying', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 4), ('lying', 3)), ('and', ('lying', 1), ('telling-truth', 3)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mason, Jackson, Emma, Elizabeth, Jack, Avery, Harper, and Aria. "Jack is a knave or Avery is a knave," Mason declared. Jackson noted, "Avery is a knave or Jack is a knight". Emma stated, "Elizabeth is a knight and Aria is a knight". In a statement by Elizabeth: "Aria is not a knave". Jack said, "Emma is a knight and Emma is a knave." According to Avery, "Avery is a knight and Aria is a knave". According to Harper, "Elizabeth is a knave and Jack is a knave". In Aria's words: "If Harper is a knave then Aria is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mason Jackson Emma Elizabeth Jack Avery Harper Aria

Mason is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Emma is a knight, Elizabeth is a knight, Jack is a knave, Avery is a knave, Harper is a knave, and Aria is a knight.

(1) Mason is a knight
(2) Jackson is a knight
(3) Emma is a knight
(4) Elizabeth is a knight
(5) Jack is a knave
(6) Avery is a knave
(7) Harper is a knave
(8) Aria is a knight

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave or Avery is a knave.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knight and Emma is a knave.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Emma is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight and Aria is a knight.

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Aria is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knave and Jack is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is a knave and Jack is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knight and Aria is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Aria is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is a knave or Jack is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Sebastian, Michael, Benjamin, Henry, Aria, Riley, Aiden, and Grace. In a statement by Sebastian: "If Benjamin is a knight then Henry is a knight". As Michael put it, "Aria is not a knave". Benjamin told you that Aiden is not a knight. Henry said, "Grace is not a knave." Aria stated, "If Aria is a knight then Sebastian is a knight". Riley expressed that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight. "Aria is a knight or Sebastian is a knight" - Aiden. In a statement by Grace: "Michael is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Sebastian Michael Benjamin Henry Aria Riley Aiden Grace

Sebastian is a knight, Michael is a knight, Benjamin is a knave, Henry is a knave, Aria is a knight, Riley is a knight, Aiden is a knight, and Grace is a knave.

(1) Sebastian is a knight
(2) Michael is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knave
(4) Henry is a knave
(5) Aria is a knight
(6) Riley is a knight
(7) Aiden is a knight
(8) Grace is a knave

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Benjamin is a knight then Henry is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Aiden is not a knight.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aria is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is not a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight or Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knight then Sebastian is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Grace is not a knave.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Michael is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Aria is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Grace cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that Grace is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is not a knave.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Henry that Grace is not a knave.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight if and only if Aria is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is not a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight if and only if Aria is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Emma, Sofia, Noah, Grace, Henry, Avery, Jacob, and Riley. Emma expressed that Sofia is a knight or Grace is a knight. Sofia said that Emma is a knight. Noah remarked, "Emma is not a knight". "Jacob is a knight" - Grace. Henry was heard saying, "If Emma is a knight then Grace is a knave". As Avery put it, "Emma is not a knight". Jacob told you that Riley is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight. Riley commented, "If Noah is a knight then Noah is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Emma Sofia Noah Grace Henry Avery Jacob Riley

Emma is a knave, Sofia is a knave, Noah is a knight, Grace is a knave, Henry is a knight, Avery is a knight, Jacob is a knave, and Riley is a knave.

(1) Emma is a knave
(2) Sofia is a knave
(3) Noah is a knight
(4) Grace is a knave
(5) Henry is a knight
(6) Avery is a knight
(7) Jacob is a knave
(8) Riley is a knave

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sofia is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is a knight.

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Riley is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Assume Riley is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Noah is a knight then Noah is a knave.

Noah cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is not a knight.

Noah cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Riley that If Noah is a knight then Noah is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah and Riley, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Grace that Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Grace.

Assume Grace is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knight.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Grace that Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

Riley cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Riley is a knave if and only if Grace is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Noah, Riley, Jacob, and Grace, so let us go back and reconsider Sofia.

Sofia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Emma is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sofia, so let us go back and reconsider Emma.

Assume Emma is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sofia is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Sofia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Sofia is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Assume Sofia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight.

Grace cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Emma that Sofia is a knight or Grace is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knight then Grace is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Emma is not a knight.

(('or', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('telling-truth', 0), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('telling-truth', 6), ('->', ('telling-truth', 0), ('lying', 3)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 0)), ('<=>', ('lying', 7), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 2), ('lying', 2)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Penelope, Owen, Ava, Ethan, Charlotte, Avery, Zoey, and Aria. Penelope commented, "Avery is not a knave". Owen said that Penelope is a knight or Aria is a knight. In a statement by Ava: "Charlotte is not a knave". Ethan told you that Zoey is a knave. As Charlotte put it, "Penelope is a knave or Aria is a knave". "Penelope is a knave or Avery is a knight," Avery mentioned. Zoey remarked, "If Penelope is a knave then Ava is a knave". "Charlotte is a knight or Penelope is a knight," Aria claimed. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Penelope Owen Ava Ethan Charlotte Avery Zoey Aria

Penelope is a knight, Owen is a knight, Ava is a knave, Ethan is a knave, Charlotte is a knave, Avery is a knight, Zoey is a knight, and Aria is a knight.

(1) Penelope is a knight
(2) Owen is a knight
(3) Ava is a knave
(4) Ethan is a knave
(5) Charlotte is a knave
(6) Avery is a knight
(7) Zoey is a knight
(8) Aria is a knight

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Avery is not a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave or Avery is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight or Aria is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight or Penelope is a knight.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is not a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is not a knave.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ethan that Zoey is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Penelope is a knave then Ava is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Ethan.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knave then Ava is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Riley, Aria, Aurora, Ella, Luke, Penelope, Michael, and Logan. Riley asserted: "Penelope is not a knave". According to Aria, "Ella is a knight". Aurora remarked, "Penelope is a knight". Ella remarked, "Riley is a knave and Luke is a knight". Luke said that Ella is not a knave. As Penelope put it, "If Michael is a knight then Ella is a knight". Michael said, "Aria is a knight and Luke is a knight." According to Logan, "Logan is a knight or Riley is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Riley Aria Aurora Ella Luke Penelope Michael Logan

Riley is a knight, Aria is a knave, Aurora is a knight, Ella is a knave, Luke is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Michael is a knave, and Logan is a knight.

(1) Riley is a knight
(2) Aria is a knave
(3) Aurora is a knight
(4) Ella is a knave
(5) Luke is a knave
(6) Penelope is a knight
(7) Michael is a knave
(8) Logan is a knight

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is not a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aria is a knight and Luke is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Riley is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aria that Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Aria.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Aria is a knight and Luke is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight and Luke is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aria that Ella is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Riley is a knave and Luke is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is not a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Logan is a knight or Riley is a knight.

(('not', ('lying', 5)), ('telling-truth', 3), ('telling-truth', 5), ('and', ('lying', 0), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('not', ('lying', 3)), ('->', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 1), ('telling-truth', 4)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 7), ('telling-truth', 0)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aiden, Jack, Sebastian, Aria, Mason, Victoria, Liam, and Joseph. According to Aiden, "Sebastian is a knight or Victoria is a knave". Jack noted, "Victoria is a knight or Joseph is a knave". Sebastian remarked, "Joseph is a knave". Aria said, "Sebastian is not a knave." Mason commented, "If Victoria is a knight then Aria is a knave". Victoria said, "Joseph is not a knave." Liam was heard saying, "If Aiden is a knight then Sebastian is a knave". Joseph told you that Aiden is a knave and Victoria is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden Jack Sebastian Aria Mason Victoria Liam Joseph

Aiden is a knight, Jack is a knight, Sebastian is a knight, Aria is a knight, Mason is a knight, Victoria is a knave, Liam is a knave, and Joseph is a knave.

(1) Aiden is a knight
(2) Jack is a knight
(3) Sebastian is a knight
(4) Aria is a knight
(5) Mason is a knight
(6) Victoria is a knave
(7) Liam is a knave
(8) Joseph is a knave

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knight or Victoria is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knave.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Joseph is a knave.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knave and Victoria is a knave.

Victoria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is not a knave.

Assume Victoria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is not a knave.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Victoria is a knight or Joseph is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is not a knave.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Victoria is a knight then Aria is a knave.

Liam cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Aiden is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.

Assume Liam is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aiden is a knight then Sebastian is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Alexander, Sophia, Michael, Amelia, Benjamin, Lily, Joseph, and Ethan. Alexander told you that Ethan is not a knight. "Alexander is a knight or Benjamin is a knave" - Sophia. Michael asserted: "Amelia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave". Amelia asserted: "Joseph is a knave and Ethan is a knight". Benjamin told you that Michael is a knight. Lily remarked, "If Michael is a knight then Benjamin is a knight". Joseph was heard saying, "Benjamin is a knave". Ethan commented, "Joseph is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Alexander Sophia Michael Amelia Benjamin Lily Joseph Ethan

Alexander is a knave, Sophia is a knight, Michael is a knave, Amelia is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Lily is a knight, Joseph is a knight, and Ethan is a knight.

(1) Alexander is a knave
(2) Sophia is a knight
(3) Michael is a knave
(4) Amelia is a knave
(5) Benjamin is a knave
(6) Lily is a knight
(7) Joseph is a knight
(8) Ethan is a knight

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Ethan cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Alexander that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knight.

Joseph cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ethan that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave.

Amelia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Joseph is a knave and Ethan is a knight.

Assume Amelia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Joseph is a knave and Ethan is a knight.

Sophia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Michael that Amelia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave.

Sophia cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Alexander is a knight or Benjamin is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sophia and Amelia, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Michael cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Benjamin that Michael is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Michael, so let us go back and reconsider Benjamin.

Benjamin cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Joseph that Benjamin is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Benjamin, Joseph, and Ethan, so let us go back and reconsider Alexander.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is not a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Joseph is a knight.

Assume Joseph is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Joseph that Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Michael is a knight.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Amelia is a knave if and only if Sophia is a knave.

Assume Sophia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight or Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Michael is a knight then Benjamin is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Luke, Avery, Benjamin, Harper, Penelope, Olivia, Ella, and Daniel. Luke commented, "Benjamin is a knave". Avery stated, "If Penelope is a knave then Avery is a knight". Benjamin told you that Olivia is a knight and Avery is a knight. Harper said that Ella is a knight and Luke is a knave. Penelope told you that Daniel is a knave or Benjamin is a knave. "Penelope is a knight and Harper is a knave" - Olivia. "Olivia is a knave," Ella declared. In a statement by Daniel: "If Harper is a knave then Penelope is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Luke Avery Benjamin Harper Penelope Olivia Ella Daniel

Luke is a knave, Avery is a knight, Benjamin is a knight, Harper is a knave, Penelope is a knight, Olivia is a knight, Ella is a knave, and Daniel is a knave.

(1) Luke is a knave
(2) Avery is a knight
(3) Benjamin is a knight
(4) Harper is a knave
(5) Penelope is a knight
(6) Olivia is a knight
(7) Ella is a knave
(8) Daniel is a knave

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Luke that Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight and Avery is a knight.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Daniel is a knave or Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Daniel is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Harper is a knave then Penelope is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Ella is a knight and Luke is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Daniel that If Harper is a knave then Penelope is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Daniel.

Assume Daniel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Harper is a knave then Penelope is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knight and Luke is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Olivia is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Benjamin that Olivia is a knight and Avery is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Penelope is a knave then Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, Ella, Harper, and Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Penelope cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Daniel is a knave or Benjamin is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Penelope is a knight and Harper is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Harper and Daniel, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Penelope, Olivia, and Benjamin, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Benjamin is a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight and Avery is a knight.

Daniel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Daniel is a knave or Benjamin is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Penelope is a knight and Harper is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Ella is a knight and Luke is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Penelope is a knave then Avery is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Grace, Alexander, Harper, Olivia, Scarlett, Abigail, Ava, and Owen. Grace asserted: "Ava is a knave or Abigail is a knight". Alexander expressed that Olivia is a knave or Ava is a knave. As Harper put it, "Grace is a knave". Olivia said, "Harper is not a knave." "If Grace is a knight then Ava is a knight" - Scarlett. Abigail commented, "If Olivia is a knight then Abigail is a knight". "Harper is a knave or Grace is a knight," Ava mentioned. In Owen's words: "Ava is a knave or Grace is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Grace Alexander Harper Olivia Scarlett Abigail Ava Owen

Grace is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Harper is a knave, Olivia is a knave, Scarlett is a knight, Abigail is a knight, Ava is a knight, and Owen is a knight.

(1) Grace is a knight
(2) Alexander is a knight
(3) Harper is a knave
(4) Olivia is a knave
(5) Scarlett is a knight
(6) Abigail is a knight
(7) Ava is a knight
(8) Owen is a knight

Assume Grace is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave or Abigail is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Harper is a knave or Grace is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Grace is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Grace is a knave.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Olivia is a knight then Abigail is a knight.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Harper is not a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Harper is not a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knave or Ava is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Grace is a knight then Ava is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knave or Grace is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Henry, Sebastian, Logan, Jack, Penelope, Isabella, Ava, and James. Henry noted, "Jack is a knight or Logan is a knight". "Ava is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight" - Sebastian. "Isabella is a knight and Jack is a knight," Logan mentioned. In a statement by Jack: "Jack is a knight or Henry is a knave". Penelope told you that Sebastian is a knave or Jack is a knave. "Penelope is a knave," Isabella declared. In a statement by Ava: "Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave". James noted, "Isabella is a knight if and only if Logan is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Henry Sebastian Logan Jack Penelope Isabella Ava James

Henry is a knight, Sebastian is a knave, Logan is a knave, Jack is a knight, Penelope is a knight, Isabella is a knave, Ava is a knave, and James is a knight.

(1) Henry is a knight
(2) Sebastian is a knave
(3) Logan is a knave
(4) Jack is a knight
(5) Penelope is a knight
(6) Isabella is a knave
(7) Ava is a knave
(8) James is a knight

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Logan is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knight or Henry is a knave.

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Penelope is a knave.

Penelope cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Isabella that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Sebastian is a knave or Jack is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Ava cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Sebastian that Ava is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ava, so let us go back and reconsider Sebastian.

Sebastian cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Penelope that Sebastian is a knave or Jack is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Sebastian and Penelope, so let us go back and reconsider Isabella.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Logan that Isabella is a knight and Jack is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Logan.

Assume Logan is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Logan that Isabella is a knight and Jack is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Sebastian is a knave or Jack is a knave.

Sebastian cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Sebastian is a knave or Jack is a knave.

Assume Sebastian is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ava is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Sebastian that Ava is a knight if and only if Henry is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Isabella is a knave if and only if Penelope is a knave.

Assume James is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight if and only if Logan is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Logan, Harper, Riley, Aiden, Scarlett, Jacob, Michael, and Evelyn. Logan expressed that Aiden is a knight or Scarlett is a knight. Harper noted, "Logan is a knave". Riley was heard saying, "If Aiden is a knave then Jacob is a knight". Aiden remarked, "Jacob is a knave or Jacob is a knight". Scarlett commented, "Michael is a knight and Michael is a knave". Jacob asserted: "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight". "Scarlett is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave," Michael declared. Evelyn remarked, "Logan is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Logan Harper Riley Aiden Scarlett Jacob Michael Evelyn

Logan is a knight, Harper is a knave, Riley is a knight, Aiden is a knight, Scarlett is a knave, Jacob is a knight, Michael is a knave, and Evelyn is a knave.

(1) Logan is a knight
(2) Harper is a knave
(3) Riley is a knight
(4) Aiden is a knight
(5) Scarlett is a knave
(6) Jacob is a knight
(7) Michael is a knave
(8) Evelyn is a knave

Assume Logan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight or Scarlett is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave or Jacob is a knight.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knight.

Evelyn cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knave.

Assume Evelyn is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Michael is a knight and Michael is a knave.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight and Michael is a knave.

Michael cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is a knight if and only if Scarlett is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Logan is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Logan is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knave then Jacob is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Aurora, Jacob, Jackson, Evelyn, Henry, Michael, and Aria. In a statement by Mia: "Evelyn is a knight or Aurora is a knight". Aurora noted, "Evelyn is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave". Jacob said that If Aria is a knave then Aurora is a knave. "Mia is not a knave," Jackson claimed. According to Evelyn, "Michael is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave". "Jackson is a knave or Aria is a knave," Henry claimed. Michael asserted: "Michael is a knight". Aria stated, "If Evelyn is a knave then Henry is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Aurora Jacob Jackson Evelyn Henry Michael Aria

Mia is a knight, Aurora is a knave, Jacob is a knight, Jackson is a knight, Evelyn is a knight, Henry is a knave, Michael is a knave, and Aria is a knight.

(1) Mia is a knight
(2) Aurora is a knave
(3) Jacob is a knight
(4) Jackson is a knight
(5) Evelyn is a knight
(6) Henry is a knave
(7) Michael is a knave
(8) Aria is a knight

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight or Aurora is a knight.

Assume Evelyn is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Assume Michael is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Michael is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Jacob cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Aurora that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Aria is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that If Aria is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Evelyn is a knave then Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aria and Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Michael is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Michael.

Assume Michael is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Michael is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Evelyn that Michael is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Evelyn is a knight if and only if Jacob is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aria is a knave then Aurora is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Evelyn is a knave then Henry is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that Jackson is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Jackson cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Mia is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knave or Aria is a knave.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Mia, Aiden, Ava, Chloe, Jack, Ella, Lily, and Penelope. Mia stated, "Aiden is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight". Aiden said, "If Aiden is a knight then Ella is a knight." In Ava's words: "Mia is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight". In Chloe's words: "Ella is a knight". Jack was heard saying, "Penelope is a knave and Mia is a knight". Ella said that Mia is a knave. As Lily put it, "If Jack is a knave then Jack is a knight". Penelope noted, "Jack is a knave and Chloe is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Mia Aiden Ava Chloe Jack Ella Lily Penelope

Mia is a knave, Aiden is a knight, Ava is a knight, Chloe is a knight, Jack is a knave, Ella is a knight, Lily is a knave, and Penelope is a knave.

(1) Mia is a knave
(2) Aiden is a knight
(3) Ava is a knight
(4) Chloe is a knight
(5) Jack is a knave
(6) Ella is a knight
(7) Lily is a knave
(8) Penelope is a knave

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aiden is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aiden is a knight then Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Mia is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that If Aiden is a knight then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Aiden cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Aiden is a knight then Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aiden, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aiden is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that Aiden is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Jack is a knave then Jack is a knight.

Jack cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Penelope is a knave and Mia is a knight.

Assume Jack is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Penelope is a knave and Mia is a knight.

Assume Penelope is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jack is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Penelope that Jack is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Chloe cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Ella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Chloe, so let us go back and reconsider Penelope.

Assume Penelope is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jack is a knave and Chloe is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight.

Assume Ava is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight if and only if Penelope is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Aiden, Isabella, Abigail, Zoey, Alexander, Samuel, Liam, and Lily. "Lily is not a knave," Aiden claimed. As Isabella put it, "Isabella is a knight or Aiden is a knight". As Abigail put it, "Isabella is a knight or Liam is a knight". Zoey was heard saying, "If Abigail is a knight then Isabella is a knight". Alexander said, "Zoey is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight." Samuel remarked, "Abigail is a knave". Liam remarked, "Alexander is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave". Lily stated, "Zoey is a knave and Isabella is a knave". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Aiden Isabella Abigail Zoey Alexander Samuel Liam Lily

Aiden is a knave, Isabella is a knight, Abigail is a knight, Zoey is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Samuel is a knave, Liam is a knight, and Lily is a knave.

(1) Aiden is a knave
(2) Isabella is a knight
(3) Abigail is a knight
(4) Zoey is a knight
(5) Alexander is a knight
(6) Samuel is a knave
(7) Liam is a knight
(8) Lily is a knave

Assume Aiden is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave and Isabella is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Lily that Zoey is a knave and Isabella is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Abigail is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight or Liam is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that If Abigail is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Isabella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Isabella is a knight or Aiden is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Isabella, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Zoey that If Abigail is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail and Zoey, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Aiden that Lily is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, so let us go back and reconsider Aiden.

Assume Aiden is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is not a knave.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Aiden that Lily is not a knave.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knave and Isabella is a knave.

Assume Zoey is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Abigail is a knight then Isabella is a knight.

Assume Isabella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Isabella is a knight or Aiden is a knight.

Assume Liam is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knave if and only if Abigail is a knave.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knight if and only if Isabella is a knight.

Samuel cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Abigail is a knave.

Assume Samuel is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lily, Mason, Scarlett, Benjamin, Luke, Jacob, Owen, and William. Lily asserted: "If Luke is a knave then Lily is a knight". Mason expressed that William is a knave. Scarlett asserted: "Lily is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight". According to Benjamin, "Jacob is not a knave". As Luke put it, "Mason is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight". Jacob stated, "Scarlett is not a knave". Owen commented, "Mason is a knave or Lily is a knight". "Jacob is a knave or Owen is a knave," William mentioned. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily Mason Scarlett Benjamin Luke Jacob Owen William

Lily is a knave, Mason is a knave, Scarlett is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Luke is a knave, Jacob is a knave, Owen is a knight, and William is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Mason is a knave
(3) Scarlett is a knave
(4) Benjamin is a knave
(5) Luke is a knave
(6) Jacob is a knave
(7) Owen is a knight
(8) William is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Luke is a knave then Lily is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight.

Assume Mason is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that William is a knave.

William cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mason that William is a knave.

Assume William is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jacob that Scarlett is not a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett, so let us go back and reconsider Jacob.

Jacob cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Jacob is a knave or Owen is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Jacob and William, so let us go back and reconsider Mason.

Assume Mason is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that William is a knave.

Assume William is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jacob that Scarlett is not a knave.

Scarlett cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Lily is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Scarlett and Jacob, so let us go back and reconsider William.

William cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Mason that William is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William and Mason, so let us go back and reconsider Luke.

Assume Luke is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mason is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for William, Mason, and Luke, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Luke is a knave then Lily is a knight.

Luke cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that If Luke is a knave then Lily is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Mason is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of William that Jacob is a knave or Owen is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Owen, so let us go back and reconsider Scarlett.

Owen cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of William that Jacob is a knave or Owen is a knave.

Owen cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Luke that Mason is a knight if and only if Owen is a knight.

Assume Scarlett is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave if and only if Jacob is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mason is a knave or Lily is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jacob is not a knave.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jacob is not a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ella, Riley, Ava, Zoey, Chloe, Owen, Aria, and Charlotte. Ella said, "Chloe is a knight and Aria is a knave." Riley noted, "Ella is a knight or Riley is a knight". "Charlotte is a knight or Owen is a knave," Ava claimed. Zoey stated, "Chloe is not a knight". Chloe was heard saying, "Charlotte is a knave". Owen was heard saying, "Zoey is a knave". Aria said, "Zoey is a knight and Owen is a knave." "Aria is a knave and Ella is a knave," Charlotte declared. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella Riley Ava Zoey Chloe Owen Aria Charlotte

Ella is a knight, Riley is a knight, Ava is a knave, Zoey is a knave, Chloe is a knight, Owen is a knight, Aria is a knave, and Charlotte is a knave.

(1) Ella is a knight
(2) Riley is a knight
(3) Ava is a knave
(4) Zoey is a knave
(5) Chloe is a knight
(6) Owen is a knight
(7) Aria is a knave
(8) Charlotte is a knave

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Chloe is a knight and Aria is a knave.

Assume Chloe is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knave.

Charlotte cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Chloe that Charlotte is a knave.

Assume Charlotte is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knave and Ella is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that Chloe is a knight and Aria is a knave.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Zoey is a knight and Owen is a knave.

Zoey cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Chloe is not a knight.

Assume Zoey is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Chloe is not a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Zoey is a knave.

Assume Riley is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knight or Riley is a knight.

Ava cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Charlotte is a knight or Owen is a knave.

Assume Ava is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Charlotte is a knight or Owen is a knave.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Oliver, Ella, Jackson, Avery, Noah, Aurora, Abigail, and Henry. Oliver expressed that Henry is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight. As Ella put it, "If Noah is a knave then Aurora is a knight". Jackson noted, "Aurora is a knight and Oliver is a knight". Avery noted, "Ella is a knave". "If Avery is a knave then Aurora is a knight" - Noah. "Jackson is not a knight," Aurora declared. As Abigail put it, "Jackson is a knight or Avery is a knight". Henry told you that Abigail is a knight and Henry is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Oliver Ella Jackson Avery Noah Aurora Abigail Henry

Oliver is a knave, Ella is a knight, Jackson is a knave, Avery is a knave, Noah is a knight, Aurora is a knight, Abigail is a knave, and Henry is a knave.

(1) Oliver is a knave
(2) Ella is a knight
(3) Jackson is a knave
(4) Avery is a knave
(5) Noah is a knight
(6) Aurora is a knight
(7) Abigail is a knave
(8) Henry is a knave

Assume Oliver is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Assume Henry is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Abigail is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Assume Jackson is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Aurora is a knight and Oliver is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Jackson is not a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Jackson that Aurora is a knight and Oliver is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, so let us go back and reconsider Jackson.

Assume Jackson is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aurora is a knight and Oliver is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Jackson that Aurora is a knight and Oliver is a knight.

Aurora cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Jackson is not a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora and Jackson, so let us go back and reconsider Abigail.

Abigail cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Henry that Abigail is a knight and Henry is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Abigail, so let us go back and reconsider Henry.

Assume Henry is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knight and Henry is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Jackson is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Jackson is a knight or Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Aurora, Jackson, Abigail, and Henry, so let us go back and reconsider Oliver.

Assume Oliver is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Henry is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Jackson cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aurora is a knight and Oliver is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jackson is not a knight.

Assume Avery is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Henry is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Noah is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Ella, so let us go back and reconsider Avery.

Avery cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Abigail that Jackson is a knight or Avery is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Avery, so let us go back and reconsider Aurora.

Ella cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Avery that Ella is a knave.

Ella cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of Oliver that Henry is a knight if and only if Ella is a knight.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Abigail that Jackson is a knight or Avery is a knight.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ella is a knave.

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Noah is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Noah is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Avery is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

(('<=>', ('telling-truth', 7), ('telling-truth', 1)), ('->', ('lying', 4), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 5), ('telling-truth', 0)), ('lying', 1), ('->', ('lying', 3), ('telling-truth', 5)), ('not', ('telling-truth', 2)), ('or', ('telling-truth', 2), ('telling-truth', 3)), ('and', ('telling-truth', 6), ('telling-truth', 7)))


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Elizabeth, Mia, Matthew, Benjamin, Alexander, Charlotte, Harper, and Lily. Elizabeth remarked, "Charlotte is a knight". Mia expressed that If Matthew is a knave then Benjamin is a knight. "Alexander is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave," Matthew mentioned. Benjamin said that Elizabeth is not a knight. Alexander stated, "Lily is a knave and Lily is a knight". Charlotte said, "Mia is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight." "If Benjamin is a knave then Harper is a knight," Harper mentioned. Lily told you that Elizabeth is a knight. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Elizabeth Mia Matthew Benjamin Alexander Charlotte Harper Lily

Elizabeth is a knight, Mia is a knave, Matthew is a knave, Benjamin is a knave, Alexander is a knave, Charlotte is a knight, Harper is a knave, and Lily is a knight.

(1) Elizabeth is a knight
(2) Mia is a knave
(3) Matthew is a knave
(4) Benjamin is a knave
(5) Alexander is a knave
(6) Charlotte is a knight
(7) Harper is a knave
(8) Lily is a knight

Assume Elizabeth is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Charlotte is a knight.

Assume Charlotte is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Matthew is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Matthew is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Alexander cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Lily is a knave and Lily is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Lily is a knave and Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Charlotte that Mia is a knave if and only if Lily is a knight.

Lily cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that Elizabeth is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily and Alexander, so let us go back and reconsider Matthew.

Assume Matthew is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Alexander is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Lily, Alexander, and Matthew, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Matthew is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Matthew cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that If Matthew is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Elizabeth is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Matthew that Alexander is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Benjamin is a knave then Harper is a knight.

Benjamin cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Mia that If Matthew is a knave then Benjamin is a knight.

Assume Benjamin is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Elizabeth is not a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Ella, Avery, Abigail, David, Aria, Owen, Luke, and Jacob. "David is a knight" - Ella. Avery was heard saying, "Abigail is a knave and Owen is a knight". Abigail said, "If Ella is a knight then Aria is a knave." "Avery is a knight and Ella is a knave," David declared. "Aria is a knight and Ella is a knight," Aria declared. As Owen put it, "Luke is a knave or Luke is a knight". "Jacob is a knight or Abigail is a knave," Luke declared. Jacob commented, "If Owen is a knave then Avery is a knight". So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Ella Avery Abigail David Aria Owen Luke Jacob

Ella is a knave, Avery is a knave, Abigail is a knight, David is a knave, Aria is a knave, Owen is a knight, Luke is a knight, and Jacob is a knight.

(1) Ella is a knave
(2) Avery is a knave
(3) Abigail is a knight
(4) David is a knave
(5) Aria is a knave
(6) Owen is a knight
(7) Luke is a knight
(8) Jacob is a knight

Assume Ella is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that David is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Avery is a knight and Ella is a knave.

David cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the claim of Ella that David is a knight.

We have exhausted all possibilities for David, so let us go back and reconsider Ella.

Assume Ella is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that David is a knight.

David cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Ella that David is a knight.

Assume David is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Avery is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Avery cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of David that Avery is a knight and Ella is a knave.

Assume Avery is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Abigail is a knave and Owen is a knight.

Assume Abigail is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Ella is a knight then Aria is a knave.

Aria cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Aria is a knight and Ella is a knight.

Assume Aria is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Aria is a knight and Ella is a knight.

Assume Owen is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Luke is a knave or Luke is a knight.

Assume Luke is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Jacob is a knight or Abigail is a knave.

Assume Jacob is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Owen is a knave then Avery is a knight.


A very special island is inhabited only by knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth, and knaves always lie. You meet 8 inhabitants: Lily, Ethan, Alexander, Mia, Harper, Aurora, Olivia, and Emma. Lily said that If Mia is a knave then Aurora is a knight. Ethan said, "If Aurora is a knight then Alexander is a knight." Alexander was heard saying, "Mia is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave". "Mia is a knight and Olivia is a knave" - Mia. "Emma is a knight and Lily is a knight," Harper mentioned. "Ethan is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight" - Aurora. Olivia stated, "Olivia is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave". Emma expressed that If Emma is a knight then Olivia is a knave. So who is a knight and who is a knave?

Lily Ethan Alexander Mia Harper Aurora Olivia Emma

Lily is a knave, Ethan is a knight, Alexander is a knight, Mia is a knave, Harper is a knave, Aurora is a knave, Olivia is a knave, and Emma is a knight.

(1) Lily is a knave
(2) Ethan is a knight
(3) Alexander is a knight
(4) Mia is a knave
(5) Harper is a knave
(6) Aurora is a knave
(7) Olivia is a knave
(8) Emma is a knight

Assume Lily is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Mia is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Mia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knight and Olivia is a knave.

Olivia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Mia that Mia is a knight and Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Olivia is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Olivia that Olivia is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Assume Harper is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Emma is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Harper that Emma is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knave, because this would contradict the false claim of their own that If Emma is a knight then Olivia is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, Harper, and Olivia, so let us go back and reconsider Mia.

Assume Mia is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Mia is a knight and Olivia is a knave.

Assume Olivia is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Olivia is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of Olivia that Olivia is a knight if and only if Harper is a knave.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma and Harper, so let us go back and reconsider Olivia.

We have exhausted all possibilities for Emma, Harper, Olivia, and Mia, so let us go back and reconsider Lily.

Assume Lily is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that If Mia is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

Mia cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that If Mia is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

Harper cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that Emma is a knight and Lily is a knight.

Emma cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the claim of their own that If Emma is a knight then Olivia is a knave.

Assume Emma is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Emma is a knight then Olivia is a knave.

Aurora cannot be a knight, because this would contradict the false claim of Lily that If Mia is a knave then Aurora is a knight.

Assume Aurora is a knave. No contradiction is found in their false claim that Ethan is a knight if and only if Lily is a knight.

Assume Ethan is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that If Aurora is a knight then Alexander is a knight.

Assume Alexander is a knight. No contradiction is found in their claim that Mia is a knave if and only if Aurora is a knave.