[MR. UNIKOWSKY]21LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Mr22NPMr .23SENT. Chief24NPChief Justice25NPJustice ,26,, and27CCand may28MDmay it29PPit please30VVplease the31DTthe Court32NPCourt :33:: The34DTthe question35NNquestion before36INbefore the37DTthe Court38NPCourt today39NNtoday is40VBZbe ,41,, what42WPwhat does43VVZdo it44PPit mean45VVmean for46INfor an47DTan offense48NNoffense to49TOto render50VVrender an51DTan alien52NNalien inadmissible53JJinadmissible for54INfor purposes55NNSpurpose of56INof the57DTthe stop-time58JJstop-time rule59NNrule ?60SENT? The61DTthe Court62NPCourt should63MDshould hold64VVhold that65IN/thatthat an66DTan offense67NNoffense renders68VVZrender an69DTan alien70NNalien inadmissible71JJinadmissible if72INif the73DTthe immigration74NNimmigration judge75NNjudge finds76VVZfind that77IN/thatthat the78DTthe offense79NNoffense renders80VVZrender the81DTthe alien82NNalien inadmissible83JJinadmissible at84INat the85DTthe removal86NNremoval hearing87NNhearing that88WDTthat precipitates89VVZprecipitate the90DTthe need91NNneed to92TOto apply93VVapply the94DTthe stop-time95JJstop-time rule96NNrule .97SENT. If98INif the99DTthe Court100NPCourt disagrees101VVZdisagree with102INwith that103DTthat and104CCand agrees105VVZagree with106INwith the107DTthe Eleventh108JJeleventh Circuit109NNcircuit that110DTthat inadmissible111JJinadmissible is112VBZbe a113DTa status114NNstatus ,115,, it116PPit should117MDshould hold118VVhold that119IN/thatthat an120DTan alien121NNalien acquires122VVZacquire that123DTthat status124NNstatus when125WRBwhen the126DTthe alien127NNalien is128VBZbe capable129JJcapable of130INof being131VBGbe charged132VVNcharge with133INwith inadmissibility134NNinadmissibility .135SENT. In136INin this137DTthis case138NNcase ,139,, neither140DTneither condition141NNcondition is142VBZbe satisfied143VVNsatisfy .144SENT. Petitioner145NNpetitioner was146VBDbe not147RBnot found148VVNfind inadmissible149JJinadmissible .150SENT. He151PPhe was152VBDbe n't153RBn't capable154JJcapable of155INof being156VBGbe found157VVNfind inadmissible158JJinadmissible .159SENT. Therefore160RBtherefore ,161,, he162PPhe was163VBDbe not164RBnot rendered165VVNrender inadmissible166JJinadmissible .167SENT. So168RBso I169PPI 'd170MDwould like171VVlike to172TOto begin173VVbegin this174DTthis morning175NNmorning with176INwith a177DTa concession178NNconcession the179DTthe government180NNgovernment makes181VVZmake at182INat pages183NNSpage 29184CD@card@ and185CCand 30186CD@card@ of187INof its188PP$its brief189NNbrief which190WDTwhich I191PPI think192VVPthink narrows193VVZnarrow the194DTthe issues195NNSissue in196INin this197DTthis case198NNcase somewhat199RBsomewhat .200SENT. So201INso the202DTthe government203NNgovernment concedes204VVZconcede that205IN/thatthat when206WRBwhen the207DTthe words208NNSword "209``" inadmissible210JJinadmissible "211''" and212CCand "213``" removable214JJremovable ,215,, "216''" which217WDTwhich are218VBPbe the219DTthe crucial220JJcrucial words221NNSword in222INin the223DTthe stop-time224JJstop-time rule225NNrule ,226,, when227WRBwhen those228DTthose words229NNSword are230VBPbe used231VVNuse in232INin a233DTa statute234NNstatute that235WDTthat has236VHZhave a237DTa connection238NNconnection to239TOto the240DTthe alien241NNalien 's242POS's own243JJown removal244NNremoval proceeding245NNproceeding ,246,, they247PPthey 're248VBPbe a249DTa reference250NNreference to251TOto the252DTthe charge253NNcharge against254INagainst the255DTthe alien256NNalien at257INat that258DTthat proceeding259NNproceeding .260SENT. They261PPthey 're262VBPbe not263RBnot a264DTa status265NNstatus .266SENT. So267INso the268DTthe government269NNgovernment agrees270VVZagree that271IN/thatthat in272INin those273DTthose contexts274NNScontext ,275,, its276PP$its proposed277VVNpropose interpretation278NNinterpretation of279INof the280DTthe words281NNSword "282``" inadmissible283JJinadmissible "284''" and285CCand "286``" removable287JJremovable "288''" in289INin the290DTthe stop-time291JJstop-time rule292NNrule is293VBZbe incorrect294JJincorrect .295SENT. So296RBso ,297,, in298INin Section299NPSection 1226300CD@card@ ,301,, the302DTthe mandatory303JJmandatory detention304NNdetention statute305NNstatute ,306,, that307WDTthat says308VVZsay that309IN/thatthat an310DTan alien311NNalien who312WPwho is313VBZbe inadmissible314JJinadmissible by315INby reason316NNreason of317INof having318VHGhave committed319VVNcommit an320DTan offense321NNoffense under322INunder Section323NPSection 1182324CD@card@ is325VBZbe subject326JJsubject to327TOto mandatory328JJmandatory detention329NNdetention ,330,, the331DTthe government332NNgovernment agrees333VVZagree there334RBthere that335IN/thatthat "336``" inadmissible337JJinadmissible "338''" is339VBZbe a340DTa reference341NNreference to342TOto inadmissible343JJinadmissible at344INat the345DTthe proceeding346NNproceeding ,347,, not348RBnot just349RBjust the350DTthe status351NNstatus of352INof being353VBGbe inadmissible354JJinadmissible .355SENT. The356DTthe government357NNgovernment says358VVZsay that359WDTthat 's360VBZbe natural361JJnatural in362INin that363DTthat context364NNcontext ,365,, and366CCand we367PPwe agree368VVPagree ,369,, because370INbecause that371WDTthat 's372VBZbe a373DTa statute374NNstatute with375INwith the376DTthe relationship377NNrelationship to378TOto the379DTthe alien380NNalien 's381POS's removal382NNremoval .383SENT. Same384JJsame thing385NNthing in386INin Section387NPSection 1252388CD@card@ .389SENT. That390DTthat 's391VBZbe the392DTthe jurisdiction-stripping393JJjurisdiction-stripping statute394NNstatute .395SENT. That396DTthat says397VVZsay that398IN/thatthat courts399NNScourt of400INof appeals401NNSappeal do402VVPdo n't403RBn't have404VHhave jurisdiction405NNjurisdiction to406TOto hear407VVhear petitions408NNSpetition for409INfor review410NNreview by411INby an412DTan alien413NNalien who414WPwho is415VBZbe removable416JJremovable for417INfor certain418JJcertain specified419JJspecified reasons420NNSreason .421SENT. There422RBthere ,423,, too424RBtoo ,425,, the426DTthe government427NNgovernment agrees428VVZagree removable429JJremovable is430VBZbe not431RBnot the432DTthe status433NNstatus ;434:; it435PPit 's436VBZbe a437DTa reference438NNreference to439TOto the440DTthe actual441JJactual charge442NNcharge at443INat the444DTthe hearing445NNhearing ,446,, and447CCand they448PPthey say449VVPsay that450WDTthat 's451VBZbe natural452JJnatural in453INin that454DTthat context455NNcontext because456INbecause the457DTthe statute458NNstatute has459VHZhave a460DTa connection461NNconnection to462TOto the463DTthe alien464NNalien 's465POS's removal466NNremoval proceeding467NNproceeding .468SENT. So469INso the470DTthe question471NNquestion in472INin this473DTthis case474NNcase boils475VVZboil down476RPdown to477TOto whether478INwhether the479DTthe government480NNgovernment has481VHZhave put482VVNput forward483RBforward a484DTa sufficient485JJsufficient case486NNcase for487INfor holding488VVGhold that489IN/thatthat the490DTthe words491NNSword "492``" inadmissible493JJinadmissible "494''" and495CCand "496``" removable497JJremovable "498''" in499INin the500DTthe stop-time501JJstop-time rule502NNrule mean503NNmean something504NNsomething different505JJdifferent from506INfrom what507WPwhat it508PPit concedes509VVZconcede they510PPthey mean511VVmean in512INin these513DTthese adjacent514JJadjacent or515CCor nearby516JJnearby statutes517NNSstatute addressing518VVGaddress the519DTthe same520JJsame subject521JJsubject matter522NNmatter .523SENT. And524CCand I525PPI do526VVPdo n't527RBn't think528VVthink the529DTthe government530NNgovernment has531VHZhave put532VVNput forward533RBforward that534DTthat case535NNcase ,536,, because537INbecause I538PPI think539VVPthink that540IN/thatthat many541JJmany of542INof the543DTthe contextual544JJcontextual clues545NNSclue that546WDTthat apply547VVPapply in548INin the549DTthe nearby550JJnearby statutes551NNSstatute also552RBalso apply553VVPapply in554INin the555DTthe stop-time556JJstop-time rule557NNrule ,558,, or559CCor at560INat least561JJSleast there562EXthere is563VBZbe n't564RBn't a565DTa sufficient566JJsufficient reason567NNreason for568INfor construing569VVGconstrue those570DTthose statutes571NNSstatute differently572RBdifferently .573SENT. So574RBso ,575,, first576JJfirst of577INof all578DTall ,579,, I580PPI think581VVPthink it582PPit 's583VBZbe important584JJimportant to585TOto recognize586VVrecognize that587IN/thatthat the588DTthe stop-time589JJstop-time rule590NNrule is591VBZbe applied592VVNapply only593RBonly in594INin the595DTthe context596NNcontext of597INof removal598NNremoval proceedings599NNSproceeding after600INafter the601DTthe immigration602NNimmigration judge603NNjudge has604VHZhave just605RBjust decided606VVNdecide whether607INwhether an608DTan alien609NNalien is610VBZbe inadmissible611JJinadmissible or612CCor removable613JJremovable .614SENT. So615RBso there616EXthere 's617VBZbe like618INlike two619CDtwo steps620NNSstep .621SENT. At622INat step623NNstep one624CDone ,625,, the626DTthe immigration627NNimmigration judge628NNjudge decides629VVZdecide whether630INwhether an631DTan offense632NNoffense renders633VVZrender the634DTthe alien635JJalien inadmissible636JJinadmissible or637CCor removable638JJremovable .639SENT. And640CCand then641RBthen the642DTthe immigration643NNimmigration judge644NNjudge decides645VVZdecide eligibility646NNeligibility for647INfor cancellation648NNcancellation .649SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]650LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] That651DTthat 's652VBZbe not653RBnot quite654RBquite true655JJtrue ,656,, though657RBthough .658SENT. Some659DTsome aliens660NNSalien concede661VVPconcede removability662NNremovability and663CCand are664VBPbe seeking665VVGseek cancellation666NNcancellation .667SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]668LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes669NPYes ,670,, that671WDTthat 's672VBZbe correct673JJcorrect .674SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]675LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] And676CCand then677RBthen there678EXthere are679VBPbe some680DTsome that681WDTthat are682VBPbe ordered683VVNorder ...684:... who685WPwho are686VBPbe found687VVNfind inadmissible688JJinadmissible or689CCor removable690JJremovable not691RBnot on692INon the693DTthe basis694NNbasis of695INof a696DTa crime697NNcrime at698INat all699DTall .700SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]701LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So702INso that703WDTthat 's704VBZbe true705JJtrue ,706,, but707CCbut in708INin ...709:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]710LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] So711INso you712PPyou have713VHPhave two714CDtwo classes715NNSclass of716INof people717NNSpeople that718WDTthat are719VBPbe n't720RBn't covered721VVNcover by722INby the723DTthe way724NNway you725PPyou 're726VBPbe reading727VVGread admissibility728NNadmissibility now729RBnow .730SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]731LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] No732NPNo ,733,, but734CCbut there735EXthere 's736VBZbe still737RBstill a738DTa threshold739NNthreshold finding740VVGfind of741INof inadmissibility742NNinadmissibility or743CCor removability744NNremovability .745SENT. It746PPit 's747VBZbe true748JJtrue there749EXthere might750MDmight not751RBnot be752VBbe a753DTa hearing754NNhearing ;755:; there756EXthere might757MDmight be758VBbe a759DTa concession760NNconcession .761SENT. But762CCbut ,763,, in764INin the765DTthe most766RBSmost typical767JJtypical cases768NNScase ,769,, it770PPit 's771VBZbe based772VVNbase on773INon an774DTan offense775NNoffense ,776,, and777CCand in778INin every779DTevery case780NNcase ,781,, there782EXthere 's783VBZbe just784RBjust been785VBNbe a786DTa holding787NNholding ,788,, an789DTan adjudication790NNadjudication ,791,, that792WDTthat for793INfor some794DTsome reason795NNreason the796DTthe alien797NNalien is798VBZbe inadmissible799JJinadmissible or800CCor removable801JJremovable .802SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]803LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] But804CCbut ...805:... [JUSTICE ALITO]806LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Mr807NPMr .808SENT. Unikowsky809NPUnikowsky ,810,, could811MDcould I812PPI ...813:... could814MDcould I815PPI possibly816RBpossibly get817VVPget an818DTan argument819NNargument off820INoff the821DTthe table822NNtable ?823SENT? Do824VVdo you825PPyou really826RBreally want827VVPwant to828TOto argue829VVargue that830IN/thatthat the831DTthe concept832NNconcept of833INof inadmissibility834NNinadmissibility is835VBZbe not836RBnot a837DTa status838NNstatus ?839SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]840LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I841PPI think842VVPthink that843IN/thatthat the844DTthe word845NNword varies846VVZvary depending847VVGdepend on848INon the849DTthe context850NNcontext in851INin which852WDTwhich it853PPit 's854VBZbe being855VBGbe used856VVNuse .857SENT. So858RBso I859PPI can860MDcan 't861RB't ...862:... [JUSTICE ALITO]863LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Okay864NPOkay .865SENT. Well866UHwell ,867,, that868WDTthat 's869VBZbe a870DTa different871JJdifferent question872NNquestion in873INin ...874:... but875CCbut is876VBZbe ...877:... is878VBZbe or879CCor is880VBZbe not881RBnot the882DTthe concept883NNconcept of884INof inadmissibility885NNinadmissibility a886DTa status887NNstatus ?888SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]889LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I890PPI think891VVPthink that892IN/thatthat it893PPit can894MDcan ...895:... the896DTthe word897NNword can898MDcan mean899VVmean two900CDtwo things901NNSthing .902SENT. I903PPI mean904VVPmean ,905,, I906PPI agree907VVPagree with908INwith you909PPyou that910IN/thatthat the911DTthe DLE912NNDLE sounds913VVZsound like914INlike a915DTa status916NNstatus at917INat least918JJSleast in919INin some920DTsome contexts921NNScontext .922SENT. I923PPI can924MDcan 't925RB't ...926:... I927PPI 'm928VBPbe not929RBnot conceding930VVGconcede ...931:... I932PPI 'm933VBPbe not934RBnot going935VVGgo to936TOto argue937VVargue something938NNsomething that939WDTthat 's940VBZbe obviously941RBobviously wrong942JJwrong .943SENT. There944EXthere are945VBPbe certain946JJcertain contexts947NNScontext in948INin which949WDTwhich the950DTthe way951NNway using952VVGuse that953DTthat word954NNword it955PPit sounds956VVZsound like957INlike a958DTa status959NNstatus .960SENT. So961RBso I962PPI agree963VVPagree ,964,, if965INif you966PPyou go967VVPgo to968TOto your969PP$your lawyer970NNlawyer before971INbefore the972DTthe hearing973NNhearing and974CCand say975VVsay ,976,, hey977UHhey ,978,, I979PPI want980VVPwant to981TOto go982VVgo to983TOto Niagara984NPNiagara Falls985NPFalls ,986,, am987VBPbe I988PPI inadmissible989JJinadmissible ,990,, in991INin that992DTthat context993NNcontext ,994,, it995PPit 's996VBZbe talking997VVGtalk about998INabout a999DTa status1000NNstatus .1001SENT. That1002DTthat 's1003VBZbe clear1004JJclear .1005SENT. But1006CCbut I1007PPI also1008RBalso think1009VVPthink it1010PPit 's1011VBZbe clear1012JJclear that1013IN/thatthat in1014INin certain1015JJcertain contexts1016NNScontext when1017WRBwhen you1018PPyou 're1019VBPbe talking1020VVGtalk about1021INabout the1022DTthe removal1023NNremoval proceeding1024VVGproceed itself1025PPitself ...1026:... [JUSTICE ALITO]1027LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Give1028VVgive me1029PPme a1030DTa ...1031:... give1032VVgive me1033PPme an1034DTan example1035NNexample in1036INin ordinary1037JJordinary speech1038NNspeech where1039WRBwhere inadmissibility1040NNinadmissibility is1041VBZbe not1042RBnot a1043DTa status1044NNstatus .1045SENT. You1046PPyou just1047RBjust gave1048VVDgive the1049DTthe example1050NNexample of1051INof ...1052:... you1053PPyou just1054RBjust gave1055VVDgive an1056DTan example1057NNexample yourself1058PPyourself where1059WRBwhere it1060PPit would1061MDwould be1062VBbe .1063SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1064LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah1065NPYeah .1066SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1067LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Somebody1068NNsomebody is1069VBZbe in1070INin Europe1071NPEurope and1072CCand is1073VBZbe going1074VVGgo to1075TOto buy1076VVbuy a1077DTa ticket1078NNticket to1079TOto come1080VVcome to1081TOto the1082DTthe United1083NPUnited States1084NPSStates .1085SENT. If1086INif that1087DTthat person1088NNperson does1089VVZdo not1090RBnot satisfy1091VVsatisfy ...1092:... that1093IN/thatthat person1094NNperson is1095VBZbe inadmissible1096JJinadmissible ,1097,, that1098DTthat person1099NNperson is1100VBZbe inadmissible1101JJinadmissible at1102INat the1103DTthe time1104NNtime when1105WRBwhen the1106DTthe ticket1107NNticket is1108VBZbe purchased1109VVNpurchase ...1110:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1111LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So1112INso I1113PPI ...1114:... [JUSTICE ALITO]1115LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...1116:... or1117CCor at1118INat the1119DTthe time1120NNtime when1121WRBwhen the1122DTthe person1123NNperson gets1124VVZget on1125INon a1126DTa bus1127NNbus in1128INin Central1129NPCentral America1130NPAmerica to1131TOto come1132VVcome to1133TOto the1134DTthe southern1135JJsouthern border1136NNborder ,1137,, or1138CCor if1139INif evidence1140NNevidence is1141VBZbe inadmissible1142JJinadmissible ,1143,, it1144PPit 's1145VBZbe inadmissible1146JJinadmissible before1147INbefore the1148DTthe attorney1149NNattorney tries1150VVZtry to1151TOto admit1152VVadmit it1153PPit at1154INat trial1155NNtrial ,1156,, right1157RBright ?1158SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1159LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] That1160DTthat ...1161:... so1162RBso that1163DTthat 's1164VBZbe true1165JJtrue ,1166,, but1167CCbut it1168PPit seems1169VVZseem to1170TOto me1171PPme that1172IN/thatthat when1173WRBwhen you1174PPyou 're1175VBPbe using1176VVGuse the1177DTthe word1178NNword in1179INin the1180DTthe context1181NNcontext of1182INof talking1183VVGtalk about1184INabout the1185DTthe removal1186NNremoval proceeding1187VVGproceed itself1188PPitself ,1189,, what1190WPwhat you1191PPyou really1192RBreally mean1193VVPmean is1194VBZbe inadmissible1195JJinadmissible at1196INat that1197DTthat proceeding1198NNproceeding .1199SENT. So1200RBso ,1201,, again1202RBagain ,1203,, I1204PPI think1205VVPthink 12261206CD@card@ is1207VBZbe a1208DTa perfect1209JJperfect example1210NNexample of1211INof this1212DTthis .1213SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1214LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Okay1215NPOkay .1216SENT. So1217RBso ...1218:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1219LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah1220NPYeah .1221SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1222LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...1223:... that1224DTthat ...1225:... that1226WDTthat 's1227VBZbe the1228DTthe ...1229:... what1230WPwhat I1231PPI want1232VVPwant to1233TOto get1234VVget off1235RPoff the1236DTthe table1237NNtable .1238SENT. So1239RBso it1240PPit is1241VBZbe a1242DTa status1243NNstatus when1244WRBwhen ...1245:... you1246PPyou may1247MDmay or1248CCor may1249MDmay not1250RBnot agree1251VVagree with1252INwith me1253PPme ,1254,, I1255PPI gather1256VVPgather that1257IN/thatthat you1258PPyou do1259VVPdo n't1260RBn't .1261SENT. But1262CCbut ,1263,, if1264INif I1265PPI think1266VVPthink it1267PPit is1268VBZbe a1269DTa status1270NNstatus ,1271,, then1272RBthen the1273DTthe question1274NNquestion is1275VBZbe whether1276INwhether ...1277:... is1278VBZbe the1279DTthe context1280NNcontext in1281INin which1282WDTwhich this1283DTthis status1284NNstatus can1285MDcan be1286VBbe assessed1287VVNassess ,1288,, right1289RBright ?1290SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1291LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I1292PPI mean1293VVPmean ,1294,, I1295PPI 'm1296VBPbe comfortable1297JJcomfortable calling1298VVGcall it1299PPit a1300DTa status1301NNstatus if1302INif we1303PPwe define1304VVPdefine the1305DTthe relevant1306JJrelevant status1307NNstatus as1308INas status1309NNstatus of1310INof inadmissible1311JJinadmissible at1312INat that1313DTthat proceeding1314NNproceeding ,1315,, as1316RBas opposed1317VVNoppose to1318TOto status1319NNstatus of1320INof theoretically1321RBtheoretically ...1322:... [JUSTICE ALITO]1323LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Okay1324NPOkay .1325SENT. Then1326RBthen you1327PPyou have1328VHPhave to1329TOto show1330VVshow why1331WRBwhy ,1332,, in1333INin the1334DTthe context1335NNcontext of1336INof a1337DTa ...1338:... a1339DTa removal1340NNremoval proceeding1341NNproceeding for1342INfor an1343DTan LPR1344NPLPR who1345WPwho has1346VHZhave not1347RBnot left1348VVNleave the1349DTthe country1350NNcountry ,1351,, there1352EXthere cannot1353MDcan be1354VBbe a1355DTa ...1356:... an1357DTan assessment1358NNassessment of1359INof inadmissibility1360NNinadmissibility of1361INof the1362DTthe status1363NNstatus .1364SENT. You1365PPyou have1366VHPhave to1367TOto show1368VVshow why1369WRBwhy that1370DTthat is1371VBZbe so1372RBso .1373SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1374LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So1375INso I1376PPI think1377VVPthink it1378PPit 's1379VBZbe for1380INfor many1381JJmany of1382INof the1383DTthe same1384JJsame reasons1385NNSreason why1386WRBwhy we1387PPwe agree1388VVPagree with1389INwith the1390DTthe adjacent1391JJadjacent statute1392NNstatute that1393IN/thatthat that1394DTthat is1395VBZbe so1396RBso .1397SENT. So1398RBso ,1399,, first1400JJfirst of1401INof all1402DTall ,1403,, just1404RBjust contextually1405RBcontextually ,1406,, it1407PPit seems1408VVZseem to1409TOto me1410PPme it1411PPit 's1412VBZbe quite1413RBquite natural1414JJnatural when1415WRBwhen at1416INat step1417NNstep one1418CDone of1419INof the1420DTthe proceeding1421NNproceeding there1422EXthere 's1423VBZbe an1424DTan adjudication1425NNadjudication .1426SENT. Maybe1427RBmaybe it1428PPit 's1429VBZbe conceded1430VVNconcede ,1431,, but1432CCbut there1433EXthere 's1434VBZbe some1435DTsome kind1436NNkind of1437INof adjudication1438NNadjudication that1439IN/thatthat the1440DTthe alien1441NNalien is1442VBZbe ,1443,, in1444INin fact1445NNfact ,1446,, inadmissible1447JJinadmissible or1448CCor removable1449JJremovable .1450SENT. And1451CCand then1452RBthen the1453DTthe next1454JJnext step1455NNstep ,1456,, the1457DTthe immigration1458NNimmigration judge1459NNjudge is1460VBZbe asked1461VVNask to1462TOto decide1463VVdecide ,1464,, does1465VVZdo this1466DTthis offense1467NNoffense render1468VVrender the1469DTthe alien1470JJalien inadmissible1471JJinadmissible or1472CCor removable1473JJremovable ?1474SENT? I1475PPI just1476RBjust think1477VVPthink it1478PPit 's1479VBZbe natural1480JJnatural to1481TOto talk1482VVtalk about1483RBabout what1484WPwhat just1485RBjust happened1486VVDhappen ,1487,, rather1488RBrather than1489INthan this1490DTthis new1491JJnew proceeding1492NNproceeding that1493IN/thatthat imagines1494NNSimago what1495WPwhat would1496MDwould have1497VHhave happened1498VVNhappen if1499INif the1500DTthe person1501NNperson had1502VHDhave left1503VVNleave and1504CCand tried1505VVNtry to1506TOto come1507VVcome back1508RBback .1509SENT. I1510PPI also1511RBalso think1512VVPthink that1513IN/thatthat the1514DTthe ...1515:... the1516DTthe opening1517NNopening stanza1518NNstanza of1519INof the1520DTthe cancellation1521NNcancellation of1522INof removal1523NNremoval statute1524NNstatute is1525VBZbe actually1526RBactually quite1527RBquite good1528JJgood for1529INfor us1530PPus .1531SENT. It1532PPit says1533VVZsay something1534NNsomething to1535TOto the1536DTthe effect1537NNeffect of1538INof the1539DTthe attorney1540NNattorney general1541NNgeneral may1542MDmay cancel1543VVcancel removal1544NNremoval for1545INfor an1546DTan alien1547NNalien who1548WPwho is1549VBZbe inadmissible1550JJinadmissible or1551CCor deportable1552JJdeportable .1553SENT. That1554DTthat 's1555VBZbe actually1556RBactually quite1557RBquite a1558DTa lot1559NNlot like1560INlike 12261561CD@card@ ,1562,, the1563DTthe mandatory1564JJmandatory detention1565NNdetention statute1566NNstatute ,1567,, in1568INin that1569WDTthat it1570PPit has1571VHZhave removal1572NNremoval and1573CCand then1574RBthen inadmissible1575JJinadmissible and1576CCand deportable1577JJdeportable sort1578NNsort of1579INof in1580INin the1581DTthe same1582JJsame breath1583NNbreath .1584SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1585LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Do1586VVPdo you1587PPyou dispute1588VVPdispute the1589DTthe fact1590NNfact that1591IN/thatthat there1592EXthere are1593VBPbe other1594JJother provisions1595NNSprovision in1596INin the1597DTthe immigration1598NNimmigration laws1599NNSlaw in1600INin which1601WDTwhich inadmissibility1602NNinadmissibility is1603VBZbe assessed1604VVNassess at1605INat a1606DTa time1607NNtime other1608JJother than1609INthan when1610WRBwhen an1611DTan alien1612NNalien is1613VBZbe seeking1614VVGseek admission1615NNadmission to1616TOto the1617DTthe country1618NNcountry ?1619SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1620LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So1621INso I1622PPI ...1623:... yes1624UHyes ,1625,, I1626PPI do1627VVPdo .1628SENT. And1629CCand let1630VVlet me1631PPme walk1632VVwalk through1633INthrough all1634DTall of1635INof those1636DTthose because1637INbecause I1638PPI do1639VVPdo n't1640RBn't ...1641:... it1642PPit 's1643VBZbe almost1644RBalmost like1645INlike the1646DTthe exception1647NNexception that1648WDTthat proves1649VVZprove the1650DTthe rule1651NNrule in1652INin the1653DTthe cases1654NNScase that1655IN/thatthat the1656DTthe government1657NNgovernment addresses1658NNSaddress .1659SENT. So1660INso the1661DTthe primary1662JJprimary example1663NNexample is1664VBZbe adjustment1665NNadjustment of1666INof status1667NNstatus or1668CCor adoption1669NNadoption of1670INof a1671DTa temporary1672JJtemporary status1673NNstatus ,1674,, which1675WDTwhich I1676PPI think1677VVPthink is1678VBZbe sort1679NNsort of1680INof a1681DTa constructive1682JJconstructive admission1683NNadmission ,1684,, like1685INlike you1686PPyou do1687VVPdo n't1688RBn't have1689VHhave to1690TOto leave1691VVleave the1692DTthe country1693NNcountry and1694CCand come1695VVcome back1696RBback .1697SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1698LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Well1699UHwell ,1700,, I1701PPI mean1702VVPmean ,1703,, when1704WRBwhen you1705PPyou say1706VVPsay it1707PPit 's1708VBZbe a1709DTa constructive1710JJconstructive admission1711NNadmission ,1712,, "1713``" constructive1714JJconstructive "1715''" is1716VBZbe a1717DTa word1718NNword that1719IN/thatthat lawyers1720NNSlawyer use1721VVPuse in1722INin an1723DTan effort1724NNeffort to1725TOto show1726VVshow that1727DTthat something1728NNsomething that1729WDTthat is1730VBZbe not1731RBnot something1732NNsomething else1733RBelse actually1734RBactually is1735VBZbe that1736IN/thatthat other1737JJother thing1738NNthing ,1739,, right1740RBright ?1741SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1742LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah1743NPYeah ,1744,, but1745CCbut the1746DTthe point1747NNpoint is1748VBZbe you1749PPyou 're1750VBPbe ...1751:... you1752PPyou 're1753VBPbe trying1754VVGtry to1755TOto get1756VVget into1757INinto a1758DTa new1759JJnew status1760NNstatus ,1761,, which1762WDTwhich is1763VBZbe sort1764NNsort of1765INof like1766INlike trying1767VVGtry to1768TOto get1769VVget into1770INinto a1771DTa new1772JJnew country1773NNcountry ,1774,, like1775INlike the1776DTthe status1777NNstatus is1778VBZbe as1779RBas if1780INif you1781PPyou 're1782VBPbe being1783VBGbe admitted1784VVNadmit into1785INinto a1786DTa new1787JJnew ...1788:... it1789PPit 's1790VBZbe not1791RBnot like1792INlike a1793DTa latent1794JJlatent ...1795:... the1796DTthe government1797NNgovernment says1798VVZsay that1799IN/thatthat in1800INin 19961801CD@card@ this1802DTthis like1803INlike latent1804JJlatent status1805NNstatus was1806VBDbe conferred1807VVNconfer on1808INon him1809PPhim that1810WDTthat just1811RBjust stuck1812VVDstick with1813INwith him1814PPhim for1815INfor all1816PDTall these1817DTthese years1818NNSyear ,1819,, which1820WDTwhich is1821VBZbe different1822JJdifferent from1823INfrom when1824WRBwhen you1825PPyou 're1826VBPbe affirmatively1827RBaffirmatively seeking1828VVGseek eligibility1829NNeligibility for1830INfor a1831DTa new1832JJnew status1833NNstatus ,1834,, which1835WDTwhich is1836VBZbe kind1837NNkind of1838INof like1839INlike affirmatively1840RBaffirmatively seeking1841VVGseek eligibility1842NNeligibility to1843TOto enter1844VVenter the1845DTthe country1846NNcountry .1847SENT. So1848RBso I1849PPI think1850VVPthink that1851WDTthat 's1852VBZbe just1853RBjust conceptually1854RBconceptually different1855JJdifferent .1856SENT. And1857CCand ,1858,, by1859INby the1860DTthe way1861NNway ,1862,, that1863WDTthat does1864VVZdo n't1865RBn't apply1866VVapply to1867TOto ...1868:... to1869TOto LPRs1870NNLPRs like1871INlike Petitioner1872NNpetitioner .1873SENT. There1874EXthere actually1875RBactually is1876VBZbe no1877DTno other1878JJother concept1879NNconcept ...1880:... context1881NNcontext in1882INin which1883WDTwhich the1884DTthe concept1885NNconcept of1886INof inadmissibility1887NNinadmissibility has1888VHZhave any1889DTany relevance1890NNrelevance to1891TOto an1892DTan LPR1893NPLPR .1894SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1895LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] When1896WRBwhen ...1897:... when1898WRBwhen ...1899:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1900LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] The1901DTthe government1902NNgovernment also1903RBalso has1904VHZhave ...1905:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1906LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] ...1907:... when1908WRBwhen can1909MDcan an1910DTan LPR1911NPLPR fit1912NNfit ...1913:... fit1914VVfit that1915DTthat status1916NNstatus ?1917SENT? You1918PPyou say1919VVPsay if1920INif he1921PPhe leaves1922VVZleave the1923DTthe country1924NNcountry for1925INfor more1926RBRmore ...1927:... more1928JJRmore than1929INthan 1801930CD@card@ days1931NNSday .1932SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1933LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes1934NPYes .1935SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1936LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] What1937WPWhat other1938JJother sit1939NNsit ...1940:... in1941INin what1942WPwhat other1943JJother situations1944NNSsituation can1945MDcan a1946DTa lawfully1947RBlawfully permanent1948JJpermanent resident1949NNresident be1950VBbe subject1951JJsubject to1952TOto the1953DTthe status1954NNstatus of1955INof ineligibility1956NNineligibility ?1957SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1958LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So1959INso there1960EXthere 's1961VBZbe ...1962:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1963LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Inadmissibility1964NNinadmissibility ?1965SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]1966LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I1967PPI 'm1968VBPbe sorry1969JJsorry .1970SENT. So1971RBso there1972EXthere 's1973VBZbe several1974JJseveral enumerated1975VVNenumerate criteria1976NNScriterion .1977SENT. Probably1978RBprobably the1979DTthe one1980CDone most1981RBSmost relevant1982JJrelevant to1983TOto this1984DTthis case1985NNcase is1986VBZbe that1987IN/thatthat the1988DTthe statute1989NNstatute provides1990VVZprovide that1991IN/thatthat if1992INif you1993PPyou 've1994VHPhave committed1995VVNcommit a1996DTa crime1997NNcrime on1998INon the1999DTthe inadmissibility2000NNinadmissibility list2001NNlist ,2002,, under2003INunder 11822004CD@card@ ,2005,, and2006CCand then2007RBthen you2008PPyou leave2009VVPleave ,2010,, you2011PPyou need2012VVPneed to2013TOto seek2014VVseek admission2015NNadmission again2016RBagain .2017SENT. Now2018RBnow there2019EXthere 's2020VBZbe one2021CDone wrinkle2022NNwrinkle on2023INon the2024DTthe specific2025JJspecific facts2026NNSfact of2027INof this2028DTthis case2029NNcase ,2030,, that2031IN/thatthat that2032DTthat statute2033NNstatute does2034VVZdo n't2035RBn't apply2036VVapply to2037TOto Petitioner2038NNpetitioner because2039INbecause he2040PPhe committed2041VVDcommit his2042PP$his crime2043NNcrime before2044INbefore the2045DTthe ...2046:... IIRARA2047NPIIRARA 's2048POS's enactment2049NNenactment .2050SENT. But2051CCbut in2052INin the2053DTthe general2054JJgeneral mine2055NNmine run2056NNrun ...2057:... and2058CCand we2059PPwe 're2060VBPbe not2061RBnot relying2062VVGrely on2063INon that2064DTthat as2065INas the2066DTthe basis2067NNbasis to2068TOto decide2069VVdecide this2070DTthis case2071NNcase .2072SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]2073LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But2074CCbut what2075WPwhat else2076RBelse besides2077INbesides leaving2078VVGleave the2079DTthe country2080NNcountry and2081CCand coming2082VVGcome back2083RBback ?2084SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2085LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So2086INso leaving2087VVGleave for2088INfor 1802089CD@card@ days2090NNSday ,2091,, abandonment2092NNabandonment of2093INof the2094DTthe status2095NNstatus .2096SENT. I2097PPI think2098VVPthink one2099PPone of2100INof them2101PPthem is2102VBZbe committing2103VVGcommit a2104DTa crime2105NNcrime in2106INin a2107DTa foreign2108JJforeign country2109NNcountry ,2110,, and2111CCand ...2112:... and2113CCand there2114EXthere 's2115VBZbe a2116DTa couple2117NNcouple of2118INof other2119JJother ones2120NNSone .2121SENT. There2122EXthere 's2123VBZbe like2124INlike a2125DTa list2126NNlist of2127INof enumerated2128VVNenumerate criteria2129NNScriterion in2130INin Section2131NPSection 11012132CD@card@ .2133SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2134LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Could2135MDcould you2136PPyou go2137VVgo back2138RBback and2139CCand finish2140VVfinish your2141PP$your answer2142NNanswer to2143TOto Justice2144NPJustice Alito2145NPAlito ?2146SENT? I2147PPI understand2148VVPunderstand he2149PPhe asked2150VVDask about2151INabout the2152DTthe other2153JJother provisions2154NNSprovision ...2155:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2156LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes2157NPYes .2158SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2159LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...2160:... that2161WDTthat refer2162VVPrefer just2163RBjust to2164TOto a2165DTa status2166NNstatus .2167SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2168LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah2169NPYeah .2170SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2171LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] And2172CCand you2173PPyou mentioned2174VVDmention the2175DTthe first2176JJfirst one2177CDone ,2178,, and2179CCand ...2180:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2181LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Right2182RBright .2183SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2184LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...2185:... that2186WDTthat seems2187VVZseem somewhat2188RBsomewhat logical2189JJlogical .2190SENT. But2191CCbut how2192WRBhow about2193RBabout the2194DTthe others2195NNSother ?2196SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2197LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So2198INso I2199PPI think2200VVPthink that2201IN/thatthat the2202DTthe only2203JJonly other2204JJother ones2205NNSone are2206VBPbe these2207DTthese two2208CDtwo ,2209,, for2210INfor these2211DTthese very2212RBvery narrow2213JJnarrow classes2214NNSclass for2215INfor temporary2216JJtemporary aliens2217NNSalien ,2218,, like2219INlike certain2220JJcertain entrance2221NNentrance before2222INbefore 19822223CD@card@ and2224CCand something2225NNsomething about2226INabout special2227JJspecial agricultural2228JJagricultural workers2229NNSworker .2230SENT. And2231CCand ,2232,, actually2233RBactually ,2234,, those2235DTthose provisions2236NNSprovision in2237INin the2238DTthe ...2239:... in2240INin the2241DTthe sections2242NNSsection talking2243VVGtalk about2244INabout adjustment2245NNadjustment of2246INof status2247NNstatus for2248INfor those2249DTthose people2250NNSpeople ,2251,, it2252PPit also2253RBalso says2254VVZsay that2255IN/thatthat if2256INif they2257PPthey 're2258VBPbe inadmissible2259JJinadmissible ,2260,, they2261PPthey also2262RBalso have2263VHhave to2264TOto leave2265VVleave .2266SENT. Their2267PP$their status2268NNstatus is2269VBZbe terminated2270VVNterminate .2271SENT. Those2272DTthose statutes2273NNSstatute were2274VBDbe enacted2275VVNenact many2276JJmany years2277NNSyear ...2278:... I2279PPI think2280VVPthink in2281INin the2282DTthe '2283''' 80s2284JJ80s ,2285,, many2286JJmany years2287NNSyear before2288INbefore IIRARA2289NPIIRARA .2290SENT. So2291RBso ,2292,, I2293PPI mean2294VVPmean ,2295,, it2296PPit 's2297VBZbe different2298JJdifferent subject2299JJsubject matters2300NNSmatter .2301SENT. It2302PPit 's2303VBZbe not2304RBnot about2305INabout LPR2306NPLPR .2307SENT. They2308PPthey 're2309VBPbe enacted2310VVNenact at2311INat different2312JJdifferent times2313NNStime .2314SENT. I2315PPI think2316VVPthink they2317PPthey 're2318VBPbe less2319RBRless relevant2320JJrelevant in2321INin these2322DTthese cluster2323NNcluster of2324INof statutes2325NNSstatute about2326INabout removal2327NNremoval which2328WDTwhich were2329VBDbe all2330RBall or2331CCor almost2332RBalmost all2333RBall enacted2334VVNenact in2335INin IIRARA2336NPIIRARA itself2337PPitself .2338SENT. They2339PPthey all2340RBall address2341VVaddress the2342DTthe same2343JJsame subject2344JJsubject matter2345NNmatter .2346SENT. To2347TOTo me2348PPme ,2349,, if2350INif you2351PPyou 're2352VBPbe going2353VVGgo to2354TOto look2355VVlook at2356INat consistent2357JJconsistent usage2358NNusage ,2359,, those2360DTthose are2361VBPbe the2362DTthe ones2363NNSone to2364TOto use2365VVuse .2366SENT. I2367PPI actually2368RBactually think2369VVPthink that2370IN/thatthat our2371PP$our best2372JJSgood argument2373NNargument on2374INon consistent2375JJconsistent usage2376NNusage is2377VBZbe maybe2378RBmaybe just2379RBjust the2380DTthe intro2381NNintro to2382TOto the2383DTthe cancellation2384NNcancellation of2385INof removal2386NNremoval statute2387NNstatute .2388SENT. And2389CCand I2390PPI ...2391:... I2392PPI mentioned2393VVDmention a2394DTa few2395JJfew minutes2396NNSminute ago2397RBago ,2398,, but2399CCbut I2400PPI 'd2401MDwould just2402RBjust like2403VVlike to2404TOto elaborate2405VVelaborate a2406DTa little2407JJlittle bit2408NNbit .2409SENT. It2410PPit says2411VVZsay the2412DTthe Attorney2413NPAttorney General2414NPGeneral may2415MDmay cancel2416VVcancel removal2417NNremoval for2418INfor an2419DTan alien2420NNalien who2421WPwho is2422VBZbe inadmissible2423JJinadmissible or2424CCor removable2425JJremovable ...2426:... or2427CCor deportable2428JJdeportable ,2429,, excuse2430VVexcuse me2431PPme ,2432,, and2433CCand so2434RBso like2435VVlike that2436WDTthat 's2437VBZbe just2438RBjust like2439INlike 12262440CD@card@ .2441SENT. You2442PPyou 're2443VBPbe talking2444VVGtalk about2445INabout removal2446NNremoval and2447CCand inadmissible2448JJinadmissible in2449INin the2450DTthe same2451JJsame sentence2452NNsentence .2453SENT. And2454CCand so2455RBso it2456PPit just2457RBjust seems2458VVZseem quite2459RBquite natural2460JJnatural that2461IN/thatthat inadmissible2462JJinadmissible is2463VBZbe a2464DTa reference2465NNreference to2466TOto inadmissible2467JJinadmissible at2468INat the2469DTthe hearing2470NNhearing ,2471,, right2472RBright ?2473SENT? And2474CCand you2475PPyou can2476MDcan 't2477RB't actually2478RBactually cancel2479VVcancel removable2480JJremovable ...2481:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2482LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] But2483CCbut the2484DTthe point2485NNpoint ...2486:... the2487DTthe point2488NNpoint of2489INof the2490DTthe overall2491JJoverall provision2492NNprovision is2493VBZbe to2494TOto allow2495VVallow cancellation2496NNcancellation of2497INof removal2498NNremoval for2499INfor those2500DTthose who2501WPwho 've2502VHPhave been2503VBNbe in2504INin the2505DTthe U2506NPU .2507SENT. S2508NPS .2509SENT. for2510INfor a2511DTa long2512JJlong time2513NNtime and2514CCand have2515VHPhave had2516VHNhave clean2517JJclean records2518NNSrecord .2519SENT. You2520PPyou agree2521VVPagree so2522RBso far2523RBfar ?2524SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2525LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Well2526UHWell ,2527,, clean2528JJclean ...2529:... it2530PPit does2531VVZdo n't2532RBn't have2533VHhave to2534TOto be2535VBbe completely2536RBcompletely clean2537JJclean ...2538:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2539LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Right2540RBright .2541SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2542LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] ...2543:... but2544CCbut yes2545UHyes .2546SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2547LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] But2548CCbut generally2549RBgenerally clean2550JJclean .2551SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2552LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes2553NPYes .2554SENT. Right2555RBright .2556SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2557LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Okay2558NPOkay .2559SENT. And2560CCand on2561INon the2562DTthe clean2563JJclean record2564NNrecord point2565NNpoint ,2566,, the2567DTthe statute2568NNstatute excludes2569VVZexclude those2570DTthose who2571WPwho have2572VHPhave aggravated2573VVNaggravate felonies2574NNSfelony ,2575,, right2576RBright ?2577SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2578LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes2579NPYes .2580SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2581LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] And2582CCand then2583RBthen it2584PPit excludes2585VVZexclude ,2586,, arguably2587RBarguably ,2588,, two2589CDtwo more2590JJRmore categories2591NNScategory ,2592,, those2593DTthose who2594WPwho have2595VHPhave the2596DTthe list2597NNlist of2598INof crimes2599NNScrime that2600WDTthat make2601VVPmake you2602PPyou deportable2603JJdeportable or2604CCor the2605DTthe list2606NNlist of2607INof crimes2608NNScrime that2609WDTthat make2610VVPmake you2611PPyou admissible2612JJadmissible .2613SENT. So2614RBso those2615DTthose are2616VBPbe the2617DTthe three2618CDthree categories2619NNScategory that2620WDTthat seem2621VVPseem to2622TOto suggest2623VVsuggest if2624INif ...2625:... if2626INif those2627DTthose have2628VHPhave been2629VBNbe committed2630VVNcommit within2631INwithin the2632DTthe first2633JJfirst seven2634CDseven years2635NNSyear for2636INfor those2637DTthose latter2638JJlatter two2639CDtwo ,2640,, right2641RBright ?2642SENT? The2643DTthe aggravated2644VVNaggravate felony2645NNfelony at2646INat any2647DTany time2648NNtime ,2649,, but2650CCbut deportable2651JJdeportable crimes2652NNScrime ,2653,, seven2654CDseven years2655NNSyear ,2656,, the2657DTthe ...2658:... the2659DTthe inadmissible2660JJinadmissible crimes2661NNScrime ,2662,, seven2663CDseven years2664NNSyear .2665SENT. Why2666WRBwhy is2667VBZbe n't2668RBn't that2669IN/thatthat the2670DTthe overall2671JJoverall structure2672NNstructure to2673TOto look2674VVlook at2675INat that2676WDTthat makes2677VVZmake you2678PPyou ineligible2679JJineligible for2680INfor cancellation2681NNcancellation of2682INof removal2683NNremoval ,2684,, if2685INif you2686PPyou understand2687VVPunderstand the2688DTthe structure2689NNstructure ?2690SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2691LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Well2692UHWell ,2693,, I2694PPI ...2695:... I2696PPI think2697VVPthink the2698DTthe structure2699NNstructure has2700VHZhave a2701DTa different2702JJdifferent conclusion2703NNconclusion .2704SENT. I2705PPI think2706VVPthink it2707PPit 's2708VBZbe ...2709:... it2710PPit 's2711VBZbe quite2712RBquite relevant2713JJrelevant that2714IN/thatthat for2715INfor this2716DTthis aggravated2717VVNaggravate assault2718NNassault offense2719NNoffense here2720RBhere ,2721,, Congress2722NPCongress has2723VHZhave actually2724RBactually decided2725VVNdecide that2726IN/thatthat that2727DTthat 's2728VBZbe not2729RBnot a2730DTa basis2731NNbasis to2732TOto deport2733VVdeport him2734PPhim ,2735,, period2736NNperiod .2737SENT. So2738RBso like2739INlike it2740PPit does2741VVZdo n't2742RBn't interrupt2743VVinterrupt his2744PP$his continuous2745JJcontinuous residence2746NNresidence in2747INin the2748DTthe literal2749JJliteral sense2750NNsense ,2751,, that2752DTthat ICE2753NNice can2754MDcan 't2755RB't come2756VVcome to2757TOto his2758PP$his house2759NNhouse and2760CCand ...2761:... and2762CCand deport2763VVdeport him2764PPhim for2765INfor it2766PPit .2767SENT. He2768PPhe ...2769:... Congress2770NPCongress has2771VHZhave decided2772VVNdecide he2773PPhe gets2774VVZget to2775TOto stay2776VVstay here2777RBhere ,2778,, so2779RBso ...2780:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2781LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Right2782RBright .2783SENT. But2784CCbut the2785DTthe ...2786:... the2787DTthe point2788NNpoint is2789VBZbe you2790PPyou 're2791VBPbe already2792RBalready been2793VBNbe determined2794VVNdetermine that2795IN/thatthat you2796PPyou 're2797VBPbe inadmissible2798JJinadmissible or2799CCor deportable2800JJdeportable .2801SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2802LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes2803NPYes .2804SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2805LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Now2806RBnow the2807DTthe question2808NNquestion ,2809,, are2810VBPbe you2811PPyou eligible2812JJeligible for2813INfor cancellation2814NNcancellation of2815INof that2816DTthat removal2817NNremoval ,2818,, and2819CCand the2820DTthe two2821CDtwo things2822NNSthing that2823WDTthat Congress2824NPCongress said2825VVDsay we2826PPwe should2827MDshould ...2828:... that2829IN/thatthat IJs2830NPIJs should2831MDshould look2832VVlook at2833INat are2834VBPbe ,2835,, have2836VHPhave you2837PPyou been2838VBNbe here2839RBhere for2840INfor a2841DTa sufficient2842JJsufficient period2843NNperiod of2844INof time2845NNtime and2846CCand have2847VHhave you2848PPyou not2849RBnot committed2850VVDcommit certain2851JJcertain crimes2852NNScrime :2853:: aggravated2854VVNaggravate felonies2855NNSfelony ,2856,, deportable2857JJdeportable offenses2858NNSoffense within2859INwithin seven2860CDseven years2861NNSyear ,2862,, inadmissible2863JJinadmissible offenses2864NNSoffense within2865INwithin seven2866CDseven years2867NNSyear .2868SENT. If2869INif you2870PPyou 've2871VHPhave committed2872VVNcommit anything2873NNanything within2874INwithin those2875DTthose three2876CDthree categories2877NNScategory ,2878,, you2879PPyou 're2880VBPbe no2881RBno longer2882RBRlonger going2883VVGgo to2884TOto be2885VBbe eligible2886JJeligible for2887INfor cancellation2888NNcancellation of2889INof removal2890NNremoval .2891SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]2892LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] See2893NPSee ,2894,, I2895PPI 'm2896VBPbe not2897RBnot sure2898JJsure that2899WDTthat 's2900VBZbe the2901DTthe right2902JJright way2903NNway to2904TOto read2905VVread the2906DTthe statute2907NNstatute because2908INbecause what2909WPwhat it2910PPit says2911VVZsay is2912VBZbe ,2913,, to2914TOto ...2915:... to2916TOto stop2917VVstop the2918DTthe clock2919NNclock ,2920,, it2921PPit 's2922VBZbe got2923VVNget to2924TOto be2925VBbe a2926DTa crime2927NNcrime referred2928VVDrefer to2929TOto in2930INin 11822931CD@card@ ,2932,, that2933WDTthat 's2934VBZbe the2935DTthe inadmissibility2936NNinadmissibility list2937NNlist ,2938,, and2939CCand then2940RBthen that2941WDTthat renders2942VVZrender you2943PPyou inadmissible2944JJinadmissible or2945CCor removable2946JJremovable .2947SENT. So2948INso the2949DTthe way2950NNway I2951PPI ...2952:... I2953PPI look2954VVPlook at2955INat that2956WDTthat is2957VBZbe that2958IN/thatthat the2959DTthe first2960JJfirst part2961NNpart of2962INof that2963WDTthat referred2964VVDrefer to2965TOto in2966INin 11822967CD@card@ ,2968,, that2969WDTthat 's2970VBZbe the2971DTthe category2972NNcategory of2973INof crimes2974NNScrime that2975WDTthat 's2976VBZbe capable2977JJcapable of2978INof stopping2979VVGstop the2980DTthe clock2981NNclock .2982SENT. And2983CCand then2984RBthen there2985EXthere 's2986VBZbe the2987DTthe second2988JJsecond part2989NNpart of2990INof the2991DTthe statute2992NNstatute ,2993,, which2994WDTwhich has2995VHZhave what2996WPwhat we2997PPwe see2998VVPsee as2999RBas ,3000,, okay3001JJokay ,3002,, not3003RBnot only3004RBonly does3005VVZdo it3006PPit have3007VHhave to3008TOto be3009VBbe on3010INon this3011DTthis list3012NNlist of3013INof crimes3014NNScrime ,3015,, that3016WDTthat 's3017VBZbe the3018DTthe first3019JJfirst part3020NNpart ,3021,, but3022CCbut it3023PPit has3024VHZhave to3025TOto have3026VHhave this3027DTthis particular3028JJparticular type3029NNtype of3030INof consequence3031NNconsequence ,3032,, which3033WDTwhich is3034VBZbe rendering3035VVGrender you3036PPyou inadmissible3037JJinadmissible or3038CCor ...3039:... or3040CCor removable3041JJremovable .3042SENT. And3043CCand ,3044,, in3045INin fact3046NNfact ,3047,, that3048WDTthat leads3049VVZlead to3050TOto an3051DTan argument3052NNargument we3053PPwe make3054VVPmake about3055RBabout ...3056:... about3057INabout surplusage3058NNsurplusage ,3059,, that3060WDTthat it3061PPit makes3062VVZmake more3063JJRmore sense3064NNsense to3065TOto view3066VVview the3067DTthe statute3068NNstatute that3069IN/thatthat way3070NNway than3071INthan the3072DTthe government3073NNgovernment 's3074POS's way3075NNway because3076INbecause ,3077,, under3078INunder the3079DTthe government3080NNgovernment 's3081POS's position3082NNposition ,3083,, at3084INat least3085JJSleast until3086INuntil it3087PPit filed3088VVDfile its3089PP$its brief3090NNbrief in3091INin this3092DTthis case3093NNcase ,3094,, it3095PPit conceded3096VVDconcede that3097IN/thatthat the3098DTthe removable3099JJremovable portion3100NNportion of3101INof the3102DTthe statute3103NNstatute was3104VBDbe total3105JJtotal surplusage3106NNsurplusage .3107SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3108LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] The3109DTthe only3110JJonly way3111NNway it3112PPit can3113MDcan keep3114VVkeep to3115TOto its3116PP$its current3117JJcurrent position3118NNposition is3119VBZbe by3120INby disavowing3121VVGdisavow a3122DTa BIA3123NPBia precedent3124NNprecedent ,3125,, Garcia3126NPGarcia ,3127,, correct3128JJcorrect ?3129SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3130LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] That3131DTthat 's3132VBZbe correct3133JJcorrect .3134SENT. And3135CCand not3136RBnot only3137RBonly does3138VVZdo it3139PPit disavow3140VVdisavow it3141PPit ,3142,, but3143CCbut ,3144,, I3145PPI mean3146VVPmean ,3147,, I3148PPI ...3149:... I3150PPI do3151VVPdo n't3152RBn't think3153VVthink that3154IN/thatthat that3155DTthat 's3156VBZbe a3157DTa ...3158:... it3159PPit 's3160VBZbe a3161DTa ...3162:... it3163PPit 's3164VBZbe a3165DTa very3166RBvery convoluted3167JJconvoluted explanation3168NNexplanation .3169SENT. It3170PPit 's3171VBZbe not3172RBnot very3173RBvery plausible3174JJplausible .3175SENT. I3176PPI mean3177VVPmean ,3178,, the3179DTthe government3180NNgovernment 's3181POS's position3182NNposition depends3183VVZdepend on3184INon this3185DTthis theory3186NNtheory that3187IN/thatthat what3188WPwhat Congress3189NPCongress was3190VBDbe trying3191VVGtry to3192TOto do3193VVdo was3194VBDbe distinguish3195VVdistinguish between3196INbetween crimes3197NNScrime that3198WDTthat are3199VBPbe expressly3200RBexpressly excepted3201VVNexcept from3202INfrom 11823203CD@card@ and3204CCand that3205WDTthat are3206VBPbe merely3207RBmerely not3208RBnot listed3209VVNlist in3210INin 11823211CD@card@ and3212CCand the3213DTthe exceptions3214NNSexception ,3215,, that3216WDTthat 's3217VBZbe the3218DTthe ...3219:... the3220DTthe reason3221NNreason for3222INfor the3223DTthe removal3224NNremoval clause3225NNclause is3226VBZbe to3227TOto get3228VVget these3229DTthese exceptions3230NNSexception in3231INin ,3232,, right3233RBright ?3234SENT? So3235INso 11823236CD@card@ says3237VVZsay something3238NNsomething like3239INlike ,3240,, all3241DTall aliens3242NNSalien except3243INexcept juveniles3244NNSjuvenile who3245WPwho commit3246VVPcommit crimes3247NNScrime involving3248VVGinvolve moral3249JJmoral turpitude3250NNturpitude are3251VBPbe inadmissible3252JJinadmissible .3253SENT. The3254DTthe government3255NNgovernment 's3256POS's view3257NNview is3258VBZbe that3259IN/thatthat that3260DTthat 's3261VBZbe like3262INlike very3263RBvery different3264JJdifferent from3265INfrom just3266RBjust saying3267VVGsay all3268DTall adults3269NNSadult ,3270,, even3271RBeven though3272INthough those3273DTthose mean3274NNmean the3275DTthe same3276JJsame thing3277NNthing ,3278,, because3279INbecause like3280JJlike juveniles3281NNSjuvenile are3282VBPbe in3283INin the3284DTthe exceptions3285NNSexception clause3286NNclause and3287CCand ,3288,, therefore3289RBtherefore ,3290,, that3291WDTthat stops3292VVZstop the3293DTthe clock3294NNclock for3295INfor purposes3296NNSpurpose of3297INof cancellation3298NNcancellation of3299INof removal3300NNremoval .3301SENT. That3302DTthat 's3303VBZbe a3304DTa very3305RBvery convoluted3306JJconvoluted scheme3307NNscheme .3308SENT. And3309CCand especially3310RBespecially ...3311:... and3312CCand it3313PPit 's3314VBZbe somewhat3315RBsomewhat unlikely3316JJunlikely that3317IN/thatthat the3318DTthe removable3319JJremovable clause3320NNclause ,3321,, which3322WDTwhich seems3323VVZseem to3324TOto be3325VBbe talking3326VVGtalk about3327INabout removable3328JJremovable aliens3329NNSalien ,3330,, was3331VBDbe actually3332RBactually put3333VVNput in3334INin to3335TOto get3336VVget in3337INin those3338DTthose exceptions3339NNSexception ,3340,, it3341PPit seems3342VVZseem to3343TOto me3344PPme ,3345,, now3346RBnow that3347IN/thatthat the3348DTthe government3349NNgovernment has3350VHZhave abandoned3351VVNabandon Chevron3352NPChevron deference3353NNdeference and3354CCand what3355WPwhat we3356PPwe 're3357VBPbe doing3358VVGdo is3359VBZbe just3360RBjust kind3361JJkind of3362INof lining3363VVGline up3364RPup the3365DTthe two3366CDtwo interpretations3367NNSinterpretation next3368JJnext to3369TOto each3370DTeach other3371JJother and3372CCand seeing3373VVGsee which3374WDTwhich one3375PPone 's3376VBZbe better3377JJRgood .3378SENT. I3379PPI mean3380VVPmean ,3381,, our3382PP$our understanding3383NNunderstanding of3384INof why3385WRBwhy the3386DTthe statute3387NNstatute 's3388VHZhave written3389VVNwrite the3390DTthe way3391NNway it3392PPit is3393VBZbe ,3394,, is3395VBZbe more3396RBRmore plausible3397JJplausible .3398SENT. We3399PPwe say3400VVPsay it3401PPit 's3402VBZbe a3403DTa ...3404:... [JUSTICE ALITO]3405LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] You3406PPyou make3407VVPmake a3408DTa ...3409:... before3410INbefore you3411PPyou get3412VVPget to3413TOto that3414DTthat ,3415,, you3416PPyou make3417VVPmake a3418DTa fleeting3419JJfleeting reference3420NNreference to3421TOto Chevron3422NPChevron in3423INin your3424PP$your reply3425NNreply brief3426NNbrief .3427SENT. So3428RBso do3429VVPdo you3430PPyou want3431VVPwant us3432PPus to3433TOto defer3434VVdefer to3435TOto something3436NNsomething ?3437SENT? Do3438VVPdo you3439PPyou want3440VVPwant us3441PPus to3442TOto defer3443VVdefer to3444TOto the3445DTthe BIA3446NPBia ...3447:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3448LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] On3449INon the3450DTthe ...3451:... [JUSTICE ALITO]3452LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...3453:... on3454INon anything3455NNanything ...3456:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3457LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes3458NPYes .3459SENT. On3460RBon ...3461:... [JUSTICE ALITO]3462LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...3463:... or3464CCor just3465RBjust on3466INon the3467DTthe decision3468NNdecision that3469IN/thatthat you3470PPyou like3471VVPlike ?3472SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3473LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Just3474RBjust on3475INon the3476DTthe decision3477NNdecision that3478IN/thatthat we3479PPwe like3480VVPlike ,3481,, Your3482PP$your Honor3483NPHonor .3484SENT. [3485SYM[ LAUGHTER3486NNlaughter ]3487SYM] [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3488LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Well3489UHWell ,3490,, that3491WDTthat 's3492VBZbe what3493WPwhat ...3494:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3495LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So3496RBso ...3497:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3498LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...3499:... the3500DTthe government3501NNgovernment is3502VBZbe doing3503VVGdo .3504SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3505LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes3506NPYes .3507SENT. So3508RBso ...3509:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3510LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] It3511PPit likes3512VVZlike this3513DTthis decision3514NNdecision ...3515:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3516LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I3517PPI have3518VHPhave a3519DTa ...3520:... I3521PPI have3522VHPhave a3523DTa ...3524:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3525LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...3526:... but3527CCbut it3528PPit does3529VVZdo n't3530RBn't like3531INlike Garcia3532NPGarcia .3533SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3534LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] ...3535:... I3536PPI have3537VHPhave a3538DTa principal3539JJprincipal reason3540NNreason for3541INfor that3542DTthat ,3543,, Your3544PP$your Honor3545NPHonor .3546SENT. First3547JJfirst of3548INof all3549DTall ...3550:... [JUSTICE ALITO]3551LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] I3552PPI 'm3553VBPbe sure3554JJsure .3555SENT. [3556SYM[ LAUGHTER3557NNlaughter ]3558SYM] [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3559LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] ...3560:... the3561DTthe government3562NNgovernment expressly3563RBexpressly waives3564VVZwaive Chevron3565NPChevron deference3566NNdeference ...3567:... [JUSTICE ALITO]3568LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Uh-huh3569NPUh-huh .3570SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3571LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] ...3572:... on3573INon the3574DTthe quest3575NNquest ...3576:... on3577INon this3578DTthis Jurado3579NPJurado case3580NNcase ,3581,, and3582CCand so3583RBso that3584WDTthat 's3585VBZbe ...3586:... that3587WDTthat 's3588VBZbe good3589JJgood for3590INfor us3591PPus .3592SENT. I3593PPI mean3594VVPmean ,3595,, it3596PPit makes3597VVZmake it3598PPit much3599RBmuch easier3600JJReasy for3601INfor us3602PPus that3603IN/thatthat now3604RBnow there3605EXthere 's3606VBZbe no3607DTno Chevron3608NPChevron deference3609NNdeference .3610SENT. And3611CCand we3612PPwe walk3613VVPwalk through3614INthrough in3615INin our3616PP$our brief3617NNbrief that3618IN/thatthat the3619DTthe arguments3620NNSargument given3621VVNgive in3622INin this3623DTthis Jurado3624NPJurado case3625NNcase are3626VBPbe clearly3627RBclearly wrong3628JJwrong .3629SENT. So3630INso this3631DTthis Court3632NPCourt 's3633POS's cases3634NNScase hold3635VVPhold that3636IN/thatthat even3637RBeven if3638INif a3639DTa statute3640NNstatute 's3641POS's ambiguous3642JJambiguous ,3643,, you3644PPyou do3645VVPdo n't3646RBn't defer3647VVdefer to3648TOto an3649DTan agency3650NNagency decision3651NNdecision that3652WDTthat 's3653VBZbe clearly3654RBclearly wrong3655JJwrong ,3656,, which3657WDTwhich I3658PPI think3659VVPthink is3660VBZbe true3661JJtrue for3662INfor this3663DTthis Jurado3664NPJurado case3665NNcase .3666SENT. The3667DTthe government3668NNgovernment does3669VVZdo n't3670RBn't even3671RBeven try3672VVtry to3673TOto defend3674VVdefend it3675PPit ,3676,, they3677PPthey bury3678VVPbury it3679PPit in3680INin a3681DTa footnote3682NNfootnote .3683SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]3684LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Well3685UHWell ,3686,, what3687WPwhat about3688INabout the3689DTthe simple3690JJsimple ,3691,, but3692CCbut it3693PPit has3694VHZhave a3695DTa certain3696JJcertain appeal3697NNappeal ,3698,, argument3699NNargument the3700DTthe government3701NNgovernment is3702VBZbe making3703VVGmake ,3704,, this3705DTthis is3706VBZbe a3707DTa very3708RBvery dense3709JJdense statute3710NNstatute ,3711,, that3712WDTthat if3713INif we3714PPwe ask3715VVPask why3716WRBwhy would3717MDwould Congress3718NPCongress ...3719:... why3720WRBwhy would3721MDwould n't3722RBn't Congress3723NPCongress want3724VVPwant the3725DTthe clock3726NNclock to3727TOto stop3728VVstop when3729WRBwhen an3730DTan alien3731NNalien has3732VHZhave committed3733VVNcommit a3734DTa qualifying3735VVGqualify offense3736NNoffense showing3737VVGshow that3738IN/thatthat he3739PPhe has3740VHZhave abused3741VVNabuse the3742DTthe hospitality3743NNhospitality of3744INof the3745DTthe United3746NPUnited States3747NPSStates ?3748SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]3749LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah3750NPYeah .3751SENT. So3752RBso I3753PPI 'd3754MDwould like3755VVlike to3756TOto turn3757VVturn to3758TOto purpose3759VVpurpose actually3760RBactually .3761SENT. It3762PPit might3763MDmight be3764VBbe a3765DTa good3766JJgood time3767NNtime to3768TOto do3769VVdo that3770DTthat .3771SENT. I3772PPI think3773VVPthink that3774IN/thatthat ,3775,, actually3776RBactually ,3777,, our3778PP$our interpretation3779NNinterpretation makes3780VVZmake sense3781NNsense and3782CCand we3783PPwe have3784VHPhave very3785RBvery good3786JJgood reasons3787NNSreason for3788INfor why3789WRBwhy Congress3790NPCongress would3791MDwould have3792VHhave wanted3793VVNwant to3794TOto do3795VVdo what3796WPwhat it3797PPit did3798VVDdo .3799SENT. So3800RBso ,3801,, first3802JJfirst of3803INof all3804DTall ,3805,, I3806PPI think3807VVPthink it3808PPit ...3809:... it3810PPit 's3811VBZbe at3812INat least3813JJSleast somewhat3814RBsomewhat relevant3815JJrelevant that3816IN/thatthat Congress3817NPCongress made3818VVDmake the3819DTthe express3820JJexpress decision3821NNdecision that3822IN/thatthat he3823PPhe should3824MDshould n't3825RBn't be3826VBbe deported3827VVNdeport for3828INfor this3829DTthis offense3830NNoffense .3831SENT. It3832PPit 's3833VBZbe true3834JJtrue that3835IN/thatthat he3836PPhe 's3837VBZbe deportable3838JJdeportable for3839INfor other3840JJother offenses3841NNSoffense ,3842,, but3843CCbut Congress3844NPCongress has3845VHZhave also3846RBalso made3847VVNmake the3848DTthe express3849JJexpress decision3850NNdecision that3851IN/thatthat those3852DTthose other3853JJother offenses3854NNSoffense should3855MDshould n't3856RBn't foreclose3857VVforeclose cancellation3858NNcancellation of3859INof removal3860NNremoval .3861SENT. So3862RBso ,3863,, if3864INif both3865DTboth of3866INof those3867DTthose things3868NNSthing are3869VBPbe true3870JJtrue ,3871,, if3872INif you3873PPyou have3874VHPhave this3875DTthis one3876CDone offense3877NNoffense which3878WDTwhich Congress3879NPCongress did3880VVDdo n't3881RBn't even3882RBeven think3883VVPthink was3884VBDbe serious3885JJserious enough3886RBenough to3887TOto deport3888VVdeport him3889PPhim at3890INat all3891DTall ,3892,, and3893CCand then3894RBthen the3895DTthe other3896JJother offenses3897NNSoffense which3898WDTwhich do3899VVPdo make3900VVmake him3901PPhim deportable3902JJdeportable ,3903,, Congress3904NPCongress has3905VHZhave decided3906VVNdecide to3907TOto leave3908VVleave the3909DTthe door3910NNdoor open3911VVopen a3912DTa crack3913NNcrack for3914INfor cancellation3915NNcancellation of3916INof removal3917NNremoval ,3918,, to3919TOto me3920PPme ,3921,, that3922WDTthat sounds3923VVZsound like3924INlike Congress3925NPCongress kind3926NNkind of3927INof wanted3928VVDwant this3929DTthis person3930NNperson to3931TOto be3932VBbe eligible3933JJeligible for3934INfor discretionary3935JJdiscretionary relief3936NNrelief .3937SENT. He3938PPhe does3939VVZdo n't3940RBn't have3941VHhave to3942TOto get3943VVget it3944PPit ,3945,, but3946CCbut at3947INat least3948JJSleast have3949VHPhave the3950DTthe door3951NNdoor open3952JJopen .3953SENT. Rather3954RBrather than3955INthan the3956DTthe scheme3957NNscheme where3958WRBwhere ,3959,, as3960INas the3961DTthe government3962NNgovernment contends3963VVZcontend ,3964,, this3965DTthis conviction3966NNconviction ,3967,, which3968WDTwhich was3969VBDbe n't3970RBn't even3971RBeven serious3972JJserious enough3973RBenough to3974TOto make3975VVmake him3976PPhim eligible3977JJeligible for3978INfor deportation3979NNdeportation simpliciter3980NNsimpliciter ,3981,, kind3982NNkind of3983INof pops3984NNSpop back3985RBback into3986INinto relevance3987NNrelevance and3988CCand springs3989VVZspring over3990INover the3991DTthe crimes3992NNScrime for3993INfor which3994WDTwhich he3995PPhe is3996VBZbe deportable3997JJdeportable and3998CCand becomes3999VVZbecome the4000DTthe basis4001NNbasis for4002INfor saying4003VVGsay that4004IN/thatthat he4005PPhe 's4006VBZbe subject4007JJsubject to4008TOto ...4009:... to4010TOto mandatory4011JJmandatory deportability4012NNdeportability .4013SENT. And4014CCand just4015RBjust one4016CDone other4017JJother thing4018NNthing about4019RBabout ...4020:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4021LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] I4022PPI 'm4023VBPbe not4024RBnot really4025RBreally understanding4026VVGunderstand that4027DTthat .4028SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4029LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes4030NPYes .4031SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4032LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] So4033INso there4034EXthere 's4035VBZbe a4036DTa serious4037JJserious offense4038NNoffense that4039WDTthat makes4040VVZmake you4041PPyou deportable4042JJdeportable .4043SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4044LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes4045NPYes .4046SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4047LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Okay4048NPOkay .4049SENT. Now4050RBnow the4051DTthe question4052NNquestion is4053VBZbe ,4054,, are4055VBPbe you4056PPyou eligible4057JJeligible for4058INfor cancellation4059NNcancellation ...4060:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4061LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yes4062NPYes .4063SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4064LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] ...4065:... of4066INof removal4067NNremoval ?4068SENT? And4069CCand in4070INin looking4071VVGlook at4072INat that4073DTthat ,4074,, any4075DTany blemish4076NNblemish ,4077,, even4078RBeven if4079INif it4080PPit does4081VVZdo n't4082RBn't rise4083VVrise to4084TOto the4085DTthe level4086NNlevel of4087INof something4088NNsomething that4089WDTthat might4090MDmight have4091VHhave made4092VVNmake you4093PPyou deportable4094JJdeportable ,4095,, is4096VBZbe a4097DTa problem4098NNproblem ,4099,, Congress4100NPCongress suggested4101VVDsuggest ,4102,, by4103INby broadening4104VVGbroaden the4105DTthe list4106NNlist of4107INof things4108NNSthing that4109WDTthat could4110MDcould make4111VVmake you4112PPyou ineligible4113JJineligible for4114INfor cancellation4115NNcancellation of4116INof removal4117NNremoval beyond4118INbeyond those4119DTthose things4120NNSthing that4121WDTthat just4122RBjust make4123VVPmake you4124PPyou deportable4125JJdeportable in4126INin the4127DTthe first4128JJfirst instance4129NNinstance .4130SENT. Why4131WRBwhy is4132VBZbe n't4133RBn't that4134IN/thatthat a4135DTa better4136JJRgood way4137NNway to4138TOto look4139VVlook at4140INat it4141PPit ?4142SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4143LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Because4144INbecause it4145PPit did4146VVDdo n't4147RBn't do4148VVdo that4149DTthat .4150SENT. The4151DTthe reason4152NNreason that4153IN/thatthat we4154PPwe 're4155VBPbe all4156RBall here4157RBhere today4158NNtoday is4159VBZbe that4160IN/thatthat the4161DTthe crimes4162NNScrime that4163WDTthat made4164VVDmake him4165PPhim deportable4166JJdeportable ,4167,, Congress4168NPCongress decided4169VVDdecide that4170IN/thatthat they4171PPthey actually4172RBactually do4173VVPdo n't4174RBn't foreclose4175VVforeclose eligibility4176NNeligibility for4177INfor ...4178:... for4179INfor discretionary4180JJdiscretionary relief4181NNrelief .4182SENT. That4183DTthat 's4184VBZbe why4185WRBwhy we4186PPwe 're4187VBPbe only4188RBonly looking4189VVGlook at4190INat this4191DTthis crime4192NNcrime that4193WDTthat did4194VVDdo n't4195RBn't make4196VVmake him4197PPhim deportable4198JJdeportable .4199SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4200LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] They4201PPthey do4202VVPdo n't4203RBn't on4204INon their4205PP$their own4206JJown ...4207:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4208LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] But4209CCbut you4210PPyou do4211VVPdo n't4212RBn't ...4213:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4214LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] ...4215:... but4216CCbut if4217INif you4218PPyou have4219VHPhave something4220NNsomething else4221RBelse ...4222:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4223LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] No4224NPNo ,4225,, but4226CCbut the4227DTthe scheme4228NNscheme is4229VBZbe it4230PPit 's4231VBZbe not4232RBnot like4233INlike it4234PPit 's4235VBZbe an4236DTan aggravating4237JJaggravating characteristic4238NNcharacteristic based4239VVNbase on4240INon other4241JJother things4242NNSthing .4243SENT. Like4244INlike ,4245,, there4246EXthere 's4247VBZbe ...4248:... you4249PPyou apply4250VVPapply a4251DTa test4252NNtest and4253CCand there4254EXthere 's4255VBZbe certain4256JJcertain convictions4257NNSconviction that4258WDTthat apply4259VVPapply and4260CCand then4261RBthen you4262PPyou can4263MDcan certainly4264RBcertainly use4265VVuse the4266DTthe same4267JJsame conviction4268NNconviction for4269INfor both4270CCboth in4271INin principle4272NNprinciple .4273SENT. It4274PPit 's4275VBZbe not4276RBnot like4277INlike you4278PPyou take4279VVPtake one4280CDone crime4281NNcrime and4282CCand then4283RBthen you4284PPyou look4285VVPlook at4286INat what4287WPwhat other4288JJother crimes4289NNScrime he4290PPhe has4291VHZhave .4292SENT. And4293CCand so4294RBso it4295PPit just4296RBjust ...4297:... the4298DTthe ...4299:... the4300DTthe crimes4301NNScrime that4302WDTthat stop4303VVPstop the4304DTthe clock4305NNclock just4306RBjust do4307VVPdo n't4308RBn't include4309VVinclude the4310DTthe crimes4311NNScrime for4312INfor which4313WDTwhich he4314PPhe was4315VBDbe found4316VVNfind deportable4317JJdeportable .4318SENT. So4319INso it4320PPit ...4321:... it4322PPit 's4323VBZbe just4324RBjust a4325DTa little4326JJlittle bit4327NNbit strange4328JJstrange .4329SENT. Like4330INlike ,4331,, you4332PPyou 'd4333MDwould think4334VVthink that4335DTthat ...4336:... so4337RBso he4338PPhe has4339VHZhave this4340DTthis firearms4341NNSfirearm conviction4342NNconviction and4343CCand the4344DTthe aggravated4345VVNaggravate assault4346NNassault conviction4347NNconviction and4348CCand you4349PPyou 'd4350MDwould think4351VVthink that4352IN/thatthat ,4353,, you4354PPyou know4355VVPknow ,4356,, either4357CCeither one4358PPone is4359VBZbe worse4360JJRbad ...4361:... either4362CCeither one4363PPone 's4364VBZbe worse4365JJRbad than4366INthan the4367DTthe other4368JJother or4369CCor they4370PPthey 're4371VBPbe the4372DTthe same4373JJsame level4374NNlevel of4375INof bad4376JJbad from4377INfrom the4378DTthe purposes4379NNSpurpose of4380INof the4381DTthe immigration4382NNimmigration system4383NNsystem .4384SENT. But4385CCbut it4386PPit 's4387VBZbe hard4388JJhard to4389TOto imagine4390VVimagine why4391WRBwhy a4392DTa rational4393JJrational legislator4394NNlegislator and4395CCand you4396PPyou decide4397VVPdecide ,4398,, okay4399RBokay ,4400,, for4401INfor step4402NNstep one4403CDone ,4404,, for4405INfor just4406RBjust removability4407NNremovability ,4408,, we4409PPwe 're4410VBPbe going4411VVGgo to4412TOto say4413VVsay that4414IN/thatthat the4415DTthe firearms4416NNSfirearm conviction4417NNconviction is4418VBZbe worse4419JJRbad than4420INthan the4421DTthe aggravated4422VVNaggravate assault4423NNassault conviction4424NNconviction ,4425,, but4426CCbut ,4427,, at4428INat step4429NNstep two4430CDtwo ,4431,, for4432INfor the4433DTthe same4434JJsame alien4435NNalien in4436INin the4437DTthe same4438JJsame case4439NNcase ,4440,, the4441DTthe sort4442NNsort of4443INof rank4444JJrank order4445NNorder of4446INof badness4447NNbadness is4448VBZbe flipped4449VVNflip .4450SENT. In4451INin step4452NNstep two4453CDtwo ,4454,, it4455PPit 's4456VBZbe now4457RBnow the4458DTthe aggravated4459VVNaggravate assault4460NNassault that4461WDTthat 's4462VBZbe enough4463JJenough to4464TOto foreclose4465VVforeclose discretionary4466JJdiscretionary relief4467NNrelief ,4468,, but4469CCbut not4470RBnot the4471DTthe firearms4472NNSfirearm conviction4473NNconviction .4474SENT. That4475DTthat 's4476VBZbe a4477DTa pretty4478RBpretty common4479JJcommon ...4480:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4481LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Well4482UHwell ,4483,, it4484PPit 's4485VBZbe because4486INbecause the4487DTthe timing4488NNtiming ...4489:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]4490LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Mister4491NPMister ...4492:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4493LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] ...4494:... it4495PPit was4496VBDbe because4497INbecause of4498INof the4499DTthe timing4500NNtiming .4501SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4502LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] No4503NPNo ,4504,, but4505CCbut that4506DTthat 's4507VBZbe actually4508RBactually not4509RBnot the4510DTthe case4511NNcase because4512INbecause both4513CCboth those4514DTthose convictions4515NNSconviction ...4516:... it4517PPit 's4518VBZbe the4519DTthe same4520JJsame day4521NNday and4522CCand the4523DTthe same4524JJsame incident4525NNincident .4526SENT. It4527PPit 's4528VBZbe just4529RBjust the4530DTthe firearms4531NNSfirearm conviction4532NNconviction just4533RBjust ...4534:... because4535INbecause it4536PPit 's4537VBZbe not4538RBnot in4539INin 11824540CD@card@ ,4541,, so4542RBso it4543PPit just4544RBjust ...4545:... it4546PPit 's4547VBZbe not4548RBnot within4549INwithin the4550DTthe class4551NNclass of4552INof convictions4553NNSconviction that4554WDTthat stops4555VVZstop the4556DTthe clock4557NNclock .4558SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]4559LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Well4560UHWell ,4561,, why4562WRBwhy do4563VVPdo you4564PPyou think4565VVPthink ,4566,, Mr4567NPMr .4568SENT. Unikowsky4569NPUnikowsky ,4570,, if4571INif ...4572:... if4573INif ...4574:... if4575INif you4576PPyou 're4577VBPbe right4578JJright that4579IN/thatthat this4580DTthis statute4581NNstatute is4582VBZbe set4583VVNset up4584RPup to4585TOto look4586VVlook to4587TOto the4588DTthe proceeding4589NNproceeding that4590WDTthat 's4591VBZbe just4592RBjust happened4593VVNhappen ,4594,, whether4595INwhether it4596PPit 's4597VBZbe the4598DTthe inadmissibility4599NNinadmissibility proceeding4600NNproceeding or4601CCor the4602DTthe deportability4603NNdeportability proceeding4604NNproceeding ,4605,, why4606WRBwhy is4607VBZbe it4608PPit that4609IN/thatthat it4610PPit 's4611VBZbe ...4612:... that4613IN/thatthat the4614DTthe statute4615NNstatute is4616VBZbe written4617VVNwrite just4618RBjust in4619INin terms4620NNSterm of4621INof the4622DTthe inadmissibility4623NNinadmissibility grounds4624NNSground ?4625SENT? Like4626VVlike ...4627:... [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4628LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] So4629INso that4630DTthat ...4631:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]4632LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...4633:... well4634RBwell ,4635,, why4636WRBwhy would4637MDwould n't4638RBn't you4639PPyou have4640VHPhave something4641NNsomething where4642WRBwhere the4643DTthe inadmissibility4644NNinadmissibility people4645NNSpeople have4646VHPhave admissibility4647NNadmissibility grounds4648NNSground and4649CCand the4650DTthe deportability4651NNdeportability people4652NNSpeople have4653VHPhave deportability4654NNdeportability grounds4655NNSground if4656INif there4657EXthere 's4658VBZbe this4659DTthis basic4660JJbasic dichotomy4661NNdichotomy in4662INin the4663DTthe statute4664NNstatute ?4665SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4666LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] It4667PPit 's4668VBZbe a4669DTa little4670RBlittle hard4671JJhard to4672TOto explain4673VVexplain ,4674,, Your4675PP$your Honor4676NPHonor .4677SENT. I4678PPI mean4679VVPmean ,4680,, that4681DTthat aspect4682NNaspect of4683INof the4684DTthe statute4685NNstatute is4686VBZbe something4687NNsomething that4688WDTthat has4689VHZhave puzzled4690VVNpuzzle the4691DTthe BIA4692NPBia as4693RBas well4694RBwell because4695INbecause it4696PPit ...4697:... the4698DTthe first4699JJfirst part4700NNpart has4701VHZhave only4702RBonly one4703CDone and4704CCand then4705RBthen the4706DTthe second4707JJsecond part4708NNpart has4709VHZhave both4710DTboth .4711SENT. But4712CCbut ,4713,, I4714PPI mean4715VVPmean ,4716,, you4717PPyou know4718VVPknow ,4719,, that4720WDTthat 's4721VBZbe ...4722:... the4723DTthe BIA4724NPBia has4725VHZhave said4726VVNsay we4727PPwe have4728VHPhave to4729TOto construe4730VVconstrue that4731IN/thatthat literally4732RBliterally .4733SENT. Congress4734NPCongress did4735VVDdo this4736DTthis a4737NNa ...4738:... it4739PPit was4740VBDbe very4741RBvery clear4742JJclear that4743IN/thatthat they4744PPthey 're4745VBPbe asymmetric4746JJasymmetric .4747SENT. The4748DTthe first4749JJfirst part4750NNpart is4751VBZbe just4752RBjust one-half4753JJone-half and4754CCand the4755DTthe second4756JJsecond part4757NNpart is4758VBZbe both4759DTboth halves4760NNShalf .4761SENT. They4762PPthey could4763MDcould easily4764RBeasily have4765VHhave just4766RBjust put4767VVNput in4768INin 11824769CD@card@ or4770CCor 12274771CD@card@ in4772INin the4773DTthe first4774JJfirst part4775NNpart ,4776,, and4777CCand then4778RBthen we4779PPwe would4780MDwould n't4781RBn't be4782VBbe here4783RBhere because4784INbecause you4785PPyou ...4786:... the4787DTthe firearms4788NNSfirearm conviction4789NNconviction would4790MDwould foreclose4791VVforeclose .4792SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]4793LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] I4794PPI guess4795VVPguess my4796PP$my ...4797:... my4798PP$my thinking4799NNthinking ,4800,, though4801RBthough ,4802,, is4803VBZbe that4804IN/thatthat it4805PPit 's4806VBZbe ...4807:... it4808PPit 's4809VBZbe a4810DTa puzzle4811NNpuzzle .4812SENT. It4813PPit 's4814VBZbe a4815DTa puzzle4816NNpuzzle for4817INfor both4818DTboth sides4819NNSside ,4820,, but4821CCbut it4822PPit 's4823VBZbe a4824DTa little4825JJlittle bit4826NNbit more4827RBRmore of4828INof a4829DTa puzzle4830NNpuzzle for4831INfor you4832PPyou because4833INbecause you4834PPyou emphasize4835VVPemphasize so4836RBso much4837RBmuch the4838DTthe way4839NNway the4840DTthe statute4841NNstatute separates4842VVZseparate out4843RPout two4844CDtwo different4845JJdifferent classes4846NNSclass of4847INof people4848NNSpeople .4849SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]4850LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Well4851UHWell ,4852,, that4853WDTthat 's4854VBZbe true4855JJtrue ,4856,, but4857CCbut ,4858,, I4859PPI mean4860VVPmean ,4861,, the4862DTthe ...4863:... it4864PPit 's4865VBZbe the4866DTthe second4867JJsecond ...4868:... I4869PPI mean4870VVPmean ,4871,, the4872DTthe second4873JJsecond half4874NNhalf of4875INof the4876DTthe statute4877NNstatute that4878WDTthat ...4879:... that4880WDTthat does4881VVZdo that4882DTthat .4883SENT. I4884PPI mean4885VVPmean ,4886,, I4887PPI ...4888:... it4889PPit 's4890VBZbe hard4891JJhard to4892TOto know4893VVknow what4894WPwhat to4895TOto make4896VVmake of4897INof that4898DTthat statement4899NNstatement .4900SENT. So4901RBso there4902EXthere 's4903VBZbe this4904DTthis BIA4905NPBia decision4906NNdecision that4907WDTthat holds4908VVZhold that4909IN/thatthat firearms4910NNSfirearm convictions4911NNSconviction like4912INlike Petitioner4913NNpetitioner 's4914POS's does4915VVZdo n't4916RBn't trigger4917VVtrigger the4918DTthe stop-time4919JJstop-time rule4920NNrule .4921SENT. The4922DTthe BIA4923NPBia ...4924:... actually4925RBactually ,4926,, the4927DTthe government4928NNgovernment in4929INin that4930DTthat case4931NNcase said4932VVDsay that4933WDTthat 's4934VBZbe crazy4935JJcrazy ;4936:; it4937PPit 's4938VBZbe just4939RBjust clear4940JJclear that4941WDTthat 's4942VBZbe the4943DTthe purpose4944NNpurpose .4945SENT. And4946CCand then4947RBthen the4948DTthe BIA4949NPBia said4950VVDsay ,4951,, no4952UHno ,4953,, look4954VVlook ,4955,, it4956PPit 's4957VBZbe not4958RBnot clear4959JJclear exactly4960RBexactly how4961WRBhow the4962DTthe statute4963NNstatute got4964VVDget to4965TOto be4966VBbe written4967VVNwrite this4968DTthis way4969NNway ,4970,, but4971CCbut Congress4972NPCongress required4973VVDrequire this4974DTthis asymmetry4975NNasymmetry in4976INin which4977WDTwhich the4978DTthe first4979JJfirst part4980NNpart ,4981,, the4982DTthe referred4983VVDrefer to4984TOto part4985NNpart ,4986,, the4987DTthe category4988NNcategory of4989INof offenses4990NNSoffense only4991RBonly has4992VHZhave some4993DTsome .4994SENT. And4995CCand Congress4996NPCongress evidently4997RBevidently decided4998VVDdecide that4999IN/thatthat only5000RBonly some5001DTsome offenses5002NNSoffense ,5003,, and5004CCand not5005RBnot all5006RBall ,5007,, should5008MDshould even5009RBeven be5010VBbe capable5011JJcapable of5012INof stopping5013VVGstop the5014DTthe clock5015NNclock ,5016,, just5017RBjust like5018INlike it5019PPit decided5020VVDdecide that5021IN/thatthat just5022RBjust aggravated5023VVNaggravate felonies5024NNSfelony should5025MDshould be5026VBbe capable5027JJcapable of5028INof foreclosing5029VVGforeclose cancellation5030NNcancellation ,5031,, and5032CCand then5033RBthen ,5034,, in5035INin the5036DTthe second5037JJsecond part5038NNpart ,5039,, it5040PPit talked5041VVDtalk ...5042:... looked5043VVNlook at5044INat the5045DTthe effect5046NNeffect on5047INon the5048DTthe alien5049NNalien .5050SENT. I5051PPI just5052RBjust want5053VVPwant to5054TOto say5055VVsay one5056CDone more5057JJRmore thing5058NNthing about5059INabout that5060DTthat .5061SENT. I5062PPI think5063VVPthink it5064PPit makes5065VVZmake a5066DTa certain5067JJcertain kind5068NNkind of5069INof sense5070NNsense to5071TOto say5072VVsay that5073IN/thatthat like5074INlike if5075INif you5076PPyou 're5077VBPbe being5078VBGbe deported5079VVNdeport for5080INfor a5081DTa particular5082JJparticular crime5083NNcrime ,5084,, then5085RBthen that5086DTthat ...5087:... you5088PPyou can5089MDcan 't5090RB't use5091VVuse the5092DTthe time5093NNtime after5094INafter that5095DTthat crime5096NNcrime to5097TOto be5098VBbe ...5099:... for5100INfor purposes5101NNSpurpose of5102INof continuous5103JJcontinuous residence5104NNresidence because5105INbecause ,5106,, in5107INin a5108DTa sense5109NNsense ,5110,, it5111PPit 's5112VBZbe just5113RBjust sort5114NNsort of5115INof bureaucratic5116JJbureaucratic delay5117NNdelay ,5118,, right5119RBright ?5120SENT? You5121PPyou 've5122VHPhave committed5123VVNcommit the5124DTthe crime5125NNcrime ,5126,, and5127CCand then5128RBthen you5129PPyou 're5130VBPbe waiting5131VVGwait for5132INfor the5133DTthe conviction5134NNconviction ,5135,, and5136CCand then5137RBthen you5138PPyou 're5139VBPbe waiting5140VVGwait for5141INfor the5142DTthe deportation5143NNdeportation proceeding5144NNproceeding .5145SENT. But5146CCbut sort5147NNsort of5148INof the5149DTthe die5150NNdie is5151VBZbe cast5152VVNcast when5153WRBwhen you5154PPyou 've5155VHPhave committed5156VVNcommit the5157DTthe crime5158NNcrime .5159SENT. And5160CCand so5161RBso there5162EXthere 's5163VBZbe certain5164JJcertain logic5165NNlogic to5166TOto stopping5167VVGstop the5168DTthe clock5169NNclock as5170INas of5171INof the5172DTthe commission5173NNcommission of5174INof the5175DTthe crime5176NNcrime that5177WDTthat really5178RBreally does5179VVZdo n't5180RBn't work5181VVwork here5182RBhere ,5183,, where5184WRBwhere Congress5185NPCongress is5186VBZbe n't5187RBn't even5188RBeven capable5189JJcapable of5190INof deporting5191VVGdeport you5192PPyou based5193VVNbase on5194INon this5195DTthis aggravated5196VVNaggravate assault5197NNassault crime5198NNcrime .5199SENT. So5200INso the5201DTthe delay5202NNdelay after5203INafter the5204DTthe crime5205NNcrime has5206VHZhave nothing5207NNnothing to5208TOto do5209VVdo with5210INwith bureaucratic5211JJbureaucratic delay5212NNdelay ;5213:; it5214PPit 's5215VBZbe just5216RBjust exclusively5217RBexclusively based5218VVNbase on5219INon the5220DTthe fact5221NNfact that5222IN/thatthat Congress5223NPCongress has5224VHZhave decided5225VVNdecide not5226RBnot to5227TOto deport5228VVdeport the5229DTthe person5230NNperson .5231SENT. So5232INso it5233PPit ...5234:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]5235LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Could5236MDcould you5237PPyou tell5238VVtell me5239PPme why5240WRBwhy you5241PPyou did5242VVDdo n't5243RBn't rely5244VVrely on5245INon Lara-Terrazas5246NPLara-Terrazas ?5247SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]5248LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] On5249INon what5250WPwhat ,5251,, Your5252PP$your Honor5253NPHonor ?5254SENT? [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]5255LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Lara-Terrazas5256NPLara-Terrazas .5257SENT. The5258DTthe Capitol5259NPCapitol Area5260NPArea Immigration5261NNimmigration Rights5262NPRights Coalition5263NPCoalition said5264VVDsay the5265DTthe BIA5266NPBia read5267VVDread this5268DTthis provision5269NNprovision pretty5270RBpretty much5271RBmuch as5272INas your5273PP$your second5274JJsecond alternative5275NNalternative previously5276RBpreviously .5277SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]5278LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Well5279UHwell ,5280,, I5281PPI mean5282VVPmean ,5283,, I5284PPI think5285VVPthink that5286DTthat ...5287:... so5288RBso we5289PPwe think5290VVPthink the5291DTthe BIA5292NPBia has5293VHZhave not5294RBnot decided5295VVNdecide the5296DTthe ...5297:... on5298INon the5299DTthe second5300JJsecond question5301NNquestion ,5302,, so5303RBso the5304DTthe ...5305:... Jurado5306NPJurado clearly5307RBclearly is5308VBZbe inconsistent5309JJinconsistent with5310INwith our5311PP$our ...5312:... our5313PP$our ...5314:... our5315PP$our first5316NNfirst ...5317:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]5318LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] No5319NPNo ,5320,, but5321CCbut Lara-Terrazas5322NPLara-Terrazas appears5323VVZappear to5324TOto have5325VHhave held5326VVNhold exactly5327RBexactly as5328INas you5329PPyou wanted5330VVDwant .5331SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]5332LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I5333PPI ...5334:... I5335PPI ...5336:... I5337PPI do5338VVPdo n't5339RBn't think5340VVthink that5341WDTthat 's5342VBZbe a5343DTa published5344JJpublished decision5345NNdecision that5346IN/thatthat specifically5347RBspecifically resolved5348VVNresolve the5349DTthe question5350NNquestion .5351SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]5352LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Well5353UHWell ,5354,, maybe5355RBmaybe not5356RBnot specifically5357RBspecifically ,5358,, but5359CCbut the5360DTthe government5361NNgovernment 's5362VBZbe relying5363VVGrely on5364INon unpublished5365JJunpublished opinions5366NNSopinion too5367RBtoo .5368SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]5369LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah5370UHYeah ,5371,, I5372PPI mean5373VVPmean ,5374,, we5375PPwe ...5376:... we5377PPwe ...5378:... I5379PPI mean5380VVPmean ,5381,, there5382EXthere 's5383VBZbe a5384DTa published5385JJpublished decision5386NNdecision ...5387:... I5388PPI mean5389VVPmean ,5390,, obviously5391RBobviously ,5392,, in5393INin this5394DTthis case5395NNcase ,5396,, there5397EXthere 's5398VBZbe an5399DTan unpublished5400JJunpublished decision5401NNdecision rejecting5402VVGreject my5403PP$my ...5404:... my5405PP$my client5406NNclient 's5407POS's claim5408NNclaim .5409SENT. So5410INso I5411PPI ,5412,, you5413PPyou know5414VVPknow ...5415:... and5416CCand Jurado5417NPJurado is5418VBZbe the5419DTthe primary5420JJprimary published5421JJpublished decision5422NNdecision that5423WDTthat ...5424:... that5425WDTthat 's5426VBZbe on5427INon point5428NNpoint .5429SENT. We5430PPwe acknowledge5431VVPacknowledge that5432IN/thatthat it5433PPit 's5434VBZbe inconsistent5435JJinconsistent with5436INwith our5437PP$our reading5438NNreading ,5439,, but5440CCbut we5441PPwe said5442VVDsay it5443PPit just5444RBjust should5445MDshould n't5446RBn't be5447VBbe deferred5448VVNdefer to5449TOto because5450INbecause it5451PPit 's5452VBZbe irrational5453JJirrational .5454SENT. The5455DTthe government5456NNgovernment agrees5457VVZagree with5458INwith that5459DTthat .5460SENT. And5461CCand so5462RBso that5463WDTthat obviously5464RBobviously makes5465VVZmake this5466DTthis case5467NNcase easier5468JJReasy for5469INfor Petitioner5470NNpetitioner .5471SENT. I5472PPI will5473MDwill say5474VVsay that5475IN/thatthat if5476INif the5477DTthe Court5478NPCourt concludes5479VVZconclude the5480DTthe statute5481NNstatute is5482VBZbe ambiguous5483JJambiguous but5484CCbut nonetheless5485RBnonetheless construes5486VVZconstrue it5487PPit our5488PP$our way5489NNway ,5490,, then5491RBthen ,5492,, under5493INunder the5494DTthe Brand5495NPBrand X5496NPX case5497NNcase ,5498,, the5499DTthe BIA5500NPBia would5501MDwould be5502VBbe capable5503JJcapable of5504INof reaching5505VVGreach the5506DTthe contrary5507JJcontrary conclusion5508NNconclusion and5509CCand the5510DTthe Court5511NPCourt would5512MDwould be5513VBbe able5514JJable to5515TOto defer5516VVdefer to5517TOto that5518DTthat if5519INif it5520PPit holds5521VVZhold that5522IN/thatthat the5523DTthe agency5524NNagency 's5525POS's reasoning5526NNreasoning is5527VBZbe ...5528:... is5529VBZbe reasonable5530JJreasonable .5531SENT. That5532DTthat 's5533VBZbe what5534WPwhat the5535DTthe Brand5536NPBrand X5537NPX case5538NNcase holds5539VVZhold .5540SENT. But5541CCbut ,5542,, you5543PPyou know5544VVPknow ,5545,, of5546INof course5547NNcourse ,5548,, if5549INif the5550DTthe Court5551NPCourt holds5552VVZhold that5553IN/thatthat it5554PPit 's5555VBZbe unambiguous5556JJunambiguous ,5557,, then5558RBthen the5559DTthe agency5560NNagency would5561MDwould n't5562RBn't be5563VBbe capable5564JJcapable of5565INof doing5566VVGdo that5567DTthat .5568SENT. But5569CCbut ,5570,, on5571INon the5572DTthe record5573NNrecord currently5574RBcurrently before5575INbefore the5576DTthe Court5577NPCourt ,5578,, when5579WRBwhen there5580EXthere 's5581VBZbe no5582DTno Chevron5583NPChevron ...5584:... no5585DTno precedential5586JJprecedential decision5587NNdecision that5588IN/thatthat the5589DTthe government5590NNgovernment is5591VBZbe even5592RBeven willing5593JJwilling to5594TOto defer5595VVdefer to5596TOto or5597CCor is5598VBZbe willing5599VVGwill to5600TOto ...5601:... to5602TOto defend5603VVdefend and5604CCand rely5605VVrely on5606RPon ,5607,, it5608PPit 's5609VBZbe just5610RBjust like5611INlike a5612DTa criminal5613JJcriminal statute5614NNstatute or5615CCor any5616DTany other5617JJother statute5618NNstatute where5619WRBwhere there5620EXthere 's5621VBZbe no5622DTno layer5623NNlayer of5624INof deference5625NNdeference to5626TOto the5627DTthe agency5628NNagency ,5629,, the5630DTthe Court5631NPCourt should5632MDshould just5633RBjust decide5634VVdecide what5635WPwhat it5636PPit thinks5637VVZthink it5638PPit means5639VVZmean in5640INin the5641DTthe first5642JJfirst instance5643NNinstance .5644SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5645LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] What5646WPWhat do5647VVPdo you5648PPyou do5649VVPdo with5650INwith the5651DTthe government5652NNgovernment 's5653POS's argument5654NNargument that5655IN/thatthat it5656PPit would5657MDwould have5658VHhave been5659VBNbe very5660RBvery easy5661JJeasy for5662INfor Congress5663NPCongress to5664TOto write5665VVwrite the5666DTthe statute5667NNstatute to5668TOto link5669VVlink the5670DTthe stop-time5671JJstop-time offense5672NNoffense to5673TOto the5674DTthe offense5675NNoffense charged5676VVNcharge in5677INin the5678DTthe removal5679NNremoval proceeding5680NNproceeding ?5681SENT? [MR. UNIKOWSKY]5682LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] I5683PPI mean5684VVPmean ,5685,, I5686PPI think5687VVPthink the5688DTthe statute5689NNstatute could5690MDcould have5691VHhave been5692VBNbe clearer5693JJRclear both5694CCboth ways5695NNSway .5696SENT. I5697PPI mean5698VVPmean ,5699,, just5700RBjust looking5701VVGlook at5702INat this5703DTthis good5704JJgood moral5705JJmoral character5706NNcharacter provision5707NNprovision ,5708,, which5709WDTwhich is5710VBZbe something5711NNsomething we5712PPwe talk5713VVPtalk about5714RBabout in5715INin our5716PP$our brief5717NNbrief ,5718,, it5719PPit 's5720VBZbe like5721INlike a5722DTa model5723NNmodel of5724INof ...5725:... of5726INof draftsmanship5727NNdraftsmanship and5728CCand how5729WRBhow clearly5730RBclearly it5731PPit could5732MDcould have5733VHhave been5734VBNbe written5735VVNwrite our5736PP$our way5737NNway .5738SENT. I5739PPI mean5740VVPmean ,5741,, that5742DTthat statute5743NNstatute says5744VVZsay that5745IN/thatthat if5746INif you5747PPyou have5748VHPhave committed5749VVNcommit a5750DTa crime5751NNcrime during5752INduring the5753DTthe continuous5754JJcontinuous residence5755NNresidence period5756NNperiod ,5757,, that5758WDTthat puts5759VVZput you5760PPyou into5761INinto the5762DTthe classes5763NNSclass of5764INof persons5765NNSperson described5766VVNdescribe in5767INin 11825768CD@card@ ,5769,, then5770RBthen the5771DTthe clock5772NNclock ...5773:... then5774RBthen you5775PPyou can5776MDcan 't5777RB't be5778VBbe eligible5779JJeligible for5780INfor cancellation5781NNcancellation ,5782,, whether5783INwhether inadmissible5784JJinadmissible or5785CCor not5786RBnot .5787SENT. So5788RBso that5789DTthat 's5790VBZbe like5791INlike the5792DTthe clearest5793JJSclear conceivable5794JJconceivable way5795NNway of5796INof saying5797VVGsay that5798IN/thatthat if5799INif you5800PPyou 're5801VBPbe in5802INin the5803DTthe category5804NNcategory of5805INof 115806CD@card@ ...5807:... of5808INof people5809NNSpeople under5810INunder 11825811CD@card@ ,5812,, which5813WDTwhich the5814DTthe government5815NNgovernment says5816VVZsay Petitioner5817NNpetitioner is5818VBZbe ,5819,, regardless5820RBregardless of5821INof whether5822INwhether you5823PPyou 're5824VBPbe charged5825VVNcharge with5826INwith inadmissibility5827NNinadmissibility ,5828,, you5829PPyou 're5830VBPbe not5831RBnot eligible5832JJeligible .5833SENT. So5834INso Congress5835NPCongress said5836VVDsay that5837DTthat was5838VBDbe a5839DTa requirement5840NNrequirement only5841RBonly for5842INfor non-LPRs5843NNnon-LPRs to5844TOto seek5845VVseek cancellation5846NNcancellation of5847INof removal5848NNremoval and5849CCand not5850RBnot LPRs5851JJLPRs .5852SENT. And5853CCand this5854DTthis is5855VBZbe n't5856RBn't just5857RBjust a5858DTa matter5859NNmatter of5860INof differently5861RBdifferently worded5862VVNword statutes5863NNSstatute .5864SENT. It5865PPit 's5866VBZbe as5867RBas differently5868RBdifferently worded5869VVNword as5870INas they5871PPthey could5872MDcould conceivably5873RBconceivably be5874VBbe .5875SENT. You5876PPyou have5877VHPhave ,5878,, like5879VVPlike ...5880:... for5881INfor non-LPRs5882NNnon-LPRs ,5883,, it5884PPit says5885VVZsay in5886INin the5887DTthe classes5888NNSclass of5889INof persons5890NNSperson in5891INin 11825892CD@card@ ,5893,, whether5894INwhether inadmissible5895JJinadmissible or5896CCor not5897RBnot ,5898,, and5899CCand then5900RBthen ,5901,, for5902INfor the5903DTthe stop-time5904JJstop-time rule5905NNrule ,5906,, which5907WDTwhich also5908RBalso applies5909VVZapply to5910TOto LPRs5911NNLPRs ,5912,, it5913PPit requires5914VVZrequire that5915IN/thatthat it5916PPit renders5917VVZrender the5918DTthe alien5919NNalien admissible5920JJadmissible .5921SENT. So5922RBso ,5923,, just5924RBjust to5925TOto answer5926VVanswer your5927PP$your question5928NNquestion ,5929,, I5930PPI mean5931VVPmean ,5932,, yeah5933RByeah ,5934,, certainly5935RBcertainly ,5936,, you5937PPyou could5938MDcould have5939VHhave written5940VVNwrite it5941PPit much5942RBmuch more5943RBRmore clearly5944RBclearly our5945PP$our way5946NNway ,5947,, and5948CCand ,5949,, of5950INof course5951NNcourse ,5952,, we5953PPwe wish5954VVPwish it5955PPit was5956VBDbe ,5957,, but5958CCbut it5959PPit seems5960VVZseem to5961TOto me5962PPme that5963IN/thatthat when5964WRBwhen ...5965:... you5966PPyou know5967VVPknow ,5968,, when5969WRBwhen there5970EXthere 's5971VBZbe just5972RBjust a5973DTa crystal-clear5974NNcrystal-clear statute5975NNstatute that5976WDTthat would5977MDwould have5978VHhave accomplished5979VVNaccomplish exactly5980RBexactly what5981WPwhat the5982DTthe government5983NNgovernment wants5984VVZwant ,5985,, which5986WDTwhich Congress5987NPCongress applied5988VVDapply only5989RBonly to5990TOto non-LPRs5991NNnon-LPRs and5992CCand not5993RBnot LPRs5994JJLPRs ...5995:... [JUSTICE ALITO]5996LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Why5997WRBwhy would5998MDwould the5999DTthe ...6000:... why6001WRBwhy would6002MDwould the6003DTthe good6004JJgood time6005NNtime rule6006VVPrule clearly6007RBclearly resolve6008VVresolve this6009DTthis ...6010:... never6011RBnever mind6012NNmind .6013SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]6014LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Finish6015NNfinish .6016SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]6017LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Oh6018NPOh ,6019,, why6020WRBwhy would6021MDwould it6022PPit clearly6023RBclearly resolve6024VVresolve this6025DTthis ...6026:... this6027DTthis question6028NNquestion ?6029SENT? It6030PPit does6031VVZdo n't6032RBn't say6033VVsay whether6034INwhether seeking6035VVGseek admission6036NNadmission or6037CCor not6038RBnot .6039SENT. It6040PPit says6041VVZsay whether6042INwhether inadmissible6043JJinadmissible or6044CCor not6045RBnot .6046SENT. [MR. UNIKOWSKY]6047LOC[MR. UNIKOWSKY] Yeah6048NPYeah ,6049,, so6050INso it6051PPit does6052VVZdo n't6053RBn't matter6054VVmatter ...6055:... so6056RBso we6057PPwe do6058VVPdo n't6059RBn't think6060VVthink Petitioner6061NNpetitioner is6062VBZbe inadmissible6063JJinadmissible .6064SENT. But6065CCbut it6066PPit applies6067VVZapply to6068TOto the6069DTthe alien6070NNalien whether6071INwhether inadmissible6072JJinadmissible or6073CCor not6074RBnot ,6075,, as6076RBas long6077RBlong as6078INas he6079PPhe 's6080VBZbe in6081INin the6082DTthe classes6083NNSclass of6084INof people6085NNSpeople in6086INin 11826087CD@card@ ,6088,, which6089WDTwhich he6090PPhe clearly6091RBclearly is6092VBZbe .6093SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]6094LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Thank6095VVthank you6096PPyou ,6097,, counsel6098NNcounsel .6099SENT. Mr6100NPMr .6101SENT. Liu6102NPLiu .6103SENT.