[MR. PHILLIPS]26LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Thank27VVthank you28PPyou ,29,, Mr30NPMr .31SENT. Chief32NPChief Justice33NPJustice ,34,, and35CCand may36MDmay it37PPit please38VVplease the39DTthe Court40NPCourt :41:: The42DTthe basic43JJbasic issue44NNissue in45INin this46DTthis case47NNcase is48VBZbe what49WPwhat ought50MDought to51TOto be52VBbe the53DTthe default54NNdefault rule55NNrule for56INfor what57WPwhat is58VBZbe the59DTthe generally60RBgenerally referred61VVNrefer to62TOto as63INas safe-port64NNsafe-port or65CCor safe-berth66NNsafe-berth clause67NNclause in68INin the69DTthe standard70JJstandard charter71NNcharter party72NNparty form73NNform that74WDTthat has75VHZhave ,76,, frankly77RBfrankly ,78,, governed79VVDgovern the80DTthe transportation81NNtransportation of82INof ocean-going83JJocean-going vessels84NNSvessel for85INfor a86DTa very87JJvery ,88,, very89RBvery long90JJlong time91NNtime .92SENT. There93EXthere are94VBPbe ...95:... the96DTthe court97NNcourt below98RBbelow concluded99VVDconclude that100DTthat ...101:... based102VVNbase on103INon the104DTthe language105NNlanguage referring106VVGrefer specifically107RBspecifically to108TOto "109``" staying110VVGstay afloat111RBafloat and112CCand safely113RBsafely ,114,, "115''" that116IN/thatthat this117DTthis imposed118VVDimpose a119DTa strict120JJstrict liability121NNliability on122INon the123DTthe charterer124NNcharterer ,125,, my126PP$my client127NNclient ,128,, who129WPwho designated130VVDdesignate that131IN/thatthat Paulsboro132NPPaulsboro ,133,, New134NPNew Jersey135NPJersey ,136,, would137MDwould be138VBbe the139DTthe port140NNport of141INof entry142NNentry for143INfor these144DTthese particular145JJparticular goods146NNSgood .147SENT. That148DTthat is149VBZbe an150DTan extraordinary151JJextraordinary interpretation152NNinterpretation under153INunder the154DTthe circumstances155NNScircumstance in156INin which157WDTwhich my158PP$my client159NNclient is160VBZbe now161RBnow facing162VVGface well163RBwell in164INin excess165NNexcess of166INof $167$$ 140168CD@card@ million169CDmillion in170RBin ...171:... in172INin ...173:... in174INin an175DTan award176NNaward based177VVNbase solely178RBsolely on179INon an180DTan accident181NNaccident that182WDTthat was183VBDbe ,184,, candidly185RBcandidly ,186,, unknown187JJunknown and188CCand unknowable189JJunknowable at190INat the191DTthe time192NNtime that193IN/thatthat the194DTthe designation195NNdesignation was196VBDbe made197VVNmake and198CCand ,199,, candidly200RBcandidly ,201,, at202INat any203DTany time204NNtime until205INuntil the206DTthe actual207JJactual allision208NNallision occurred209VVDoccur .210SENT. The211DTthe question212NNquestion then213RBthen is214VBZbe ,215,, is216VBZbe there217RBthere a218DTa different219JJdifferent or220CCor better221RBRwell or222CCor more223RBRmore sensible224JJsensible default225NNdefault rule226NNrule that227IN/thatthat the228DTthe Court229NPCourt might230MDmight turn231VVturn to232TOto ?233SENT? And234CCand it235PPit seems236VVZseem worth237JJworth spending238NNspending a239DTa second240JJsecond and241CCand just242RBjust focusing243VVGfocus on244INon the245DTthe exact246JJexact language247NNlanguage of248INof this249DTthis clause250NNclause ,251,, which252WDTwhich is253VBZbe at254INat the255DTthe appendix256NNappendix to257TOto the258DTthe Petitioners259NNSpetitioner '260POS' brief261NNbrief at262INat 8a263NP8a .264SENT. "265``" The266DTthe vessel267NNvessel shall268MDshall discharge269VVdischarge at270INat any271DTany safe272JJsafe place273NNplace or274CCor wharf275NNwharf "276''" ...277:... that278WDTthat ,279,, of280INof course281NNcourse ,282,, says283VVZsay nothing284NNnothing about285INabout any286DTany obligations287NNSobligation of288INof any289DTany of290INof the291DTthe parties292NNSparty ...293:... "294``" which295WDTwhich shall296MDshall be297VBbe designated298VVNdesignate and299CCand procured300VVNprocure by301INby the302DTthe charterer303NNcharterer "304''" ...305:... so306RBso that307DTthat is308VBZbe the309DTthe obligation310NNobligation of311INof my312PP$my client313NNclient to314TOto designate315VVdesignate and316CCand ...317:... and318CCand procure319VVprocure the320DTthe space321NNspace ...322:... "323``" provided324VVNprovide that325IN/thatthat the326DTthe vessel327NNvessel can328MDcan proceed329VVproceed thereto330RBthereto ,331,, lie332VVPlie at333INat ,334,, and335CCand depart336VVPdepart therefrom337RBtherefrom always338RBalways safely339RBsafely afloat340RBafloat ,341,, any342DTany lighterage343NNlighterage being344VBGbe at345INat the346DTthe expense347NNexpense ,348,, risk349NNrisk ,350,, and351CCand peril352NNperil of353INof the354DTthe charterer355NNcharterer .356SENT. "357``" And358CCand it359PPit seems360VVZseem to361TOto me362PPme the363DTthe difficulty364NNdifficulty with365INwith saying366VVGsay that367IN/thatthat this368DTthis is369VBZbe an370DTan unlimited371JJunlimited source372NNsource of373INof liability374NNliability on375INon a376DTa strict377JJstrict liability378NNliability theory379NNtheory is380VBZbe that381IN/thatthat why382WRBwhy would383MDwould you384PPyou identify385VVidentify lighterage386NNlighterage as387INas the388DTthe specific389JJspecific remedy390NNremedy to391TOto be392VBbe worried393VVNworry about394RBabout unless395INunless what396WPwhat you397PPyou 're398VBPbe really399RBreally concerned400JJconcerned about401RBabout is402VBZbe ,403,, has404VHZhave the405DTthe charterer406NNcharterer made407VVDmake essentially408RBessentially a409DTa safe410JJsafe choice411NNchoice as412RBas far413RBfar as414INas everyone415NNeveryone can416MDcan tell417VVtell ,418,, and419CCand then420RBthen ,421,, when422WRBwhen the423DTthe captain424NNcaptain gets425VVZget there426RBthere ,427,, if428INif for429INfor whatever430WDTwhatever reason431NNreason the432DTthe captain433NNcaptain in434INin his435PP$his or436CCor her437PP$her judgment438NNjudgment decides439VVZdecide it440PPit 's441VBZbe not442RBnot a443DTa safe444JJsafe choice445NNchoice and446CCand decides447VVZdecide to448TOto go449VVgo off450RPoff into451INinto another452DTanother port453NNport or454CCor to455TOto offload456VVoffload some457DTsome portion458NNportion at459INat the460DTthe expense461NNexpense and462CCand the463DTthe risk464NNrisk ,465,, all466DTall of467INof that468WDTthat is469VBZbe then470RBthen imposed471VVNimpose upon472INupon the473DTthe charterer474NNcharterer .475SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]476LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Mr477NPMr .478SENT. Phillips479NPPhillips ,480,, this481DTthis has482VHZhave been483VBNbe the484DTthe rule485NNrule for486INfor some487DTsome time488NNtime in489INin the490DTthe Seventh491NPSeventh Circuit492NPCircuit ...493:... in494INin the495DTthe Second496NPSecond Circuit497NPCircuit ...498:... [MR. PHILLIPS]499LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Second500NPSecond Circuit501NPCircuit .502SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]503LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] ...504:... including505VVGinclude an506DTan opinion507NNopinion by508INby Henry509NPHenry Friendly510NPFriendly .511SENT. And512CCand is513VBZbe n't514RBn't this515DTthis something516NNsomething that517IN/thatthat the518DTthe parties519NNSparty can520MDcan adjust521VVadjust to522TOto ?523SENT? If524INif they525PPthey know526VVPknow what527WPwhat the528DTthe rule529NNrule is530VBZbe ,531,, they532PPthey can533MDcan adjust534VVadjust to535TOto it536PPit and537CCand insure538VVinsure accordingly539RBaccordingly ?540SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]541LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] That's542NPThat's ...543:... that544WDTthat is545VBZbe precisely546RBprecisely what547WPwhat the548DTthe Court549NPCourt said550VVDsay about551INabout Norfolk552NPNorfolk Southern553NPSouthern versus554CCversus James555NPJames Kirby556NPKirby in557INin terms558NNSterm of559INof how560WRBhow do561VVPdo you562PPyou interpret563VVinterpret the564DTthe contract565NNcontract .566SENT. Obviously567RBobviously ,568,, it569PPit will570MDwill always571RBalways be572VBbe possible573JJpossible to574TOto write575VVwrite around576INaround whatever577WDTwhatever the578DTthe contract579NNcontract interpretation580NNinterpretation has581VHZhave to582TOto be583VBbe ,584,, but585CCbut the586DTthe Court587NPCourt still588RBstill has589VHZhave the590DTthe fundamental591JJfundamental obligation592NNobligation to593TOto determine594VVdetermine what595WPwhat should596MDshould be597VBbe the598DTthe default599NNdefault rule600NNrule .601SENT. And602CCand while603INwhile it604PPit is605VBZbe true606JJtrue that607IN/thatthat there608EXthere was609VBDbe ...610:... that611IN/thatthat there612EXthere 's613VBZbe certainly614RBcertainly been615VBNbe a616DTa period617NNperiod of618INof time619NNtime when620WRBwhen the621DTthe Second622NPSecond Circuit623NPCircuit adopted624VVDadopt a625DTa ...626:... a627DTa broader628JJRbroad construction629NNconstruction of630INof this631DTthis clause632NNclause ,633,, it634PPit is635VBZbe equally636RBequally true637JJtrue that638IN/thatthat for639INfor almost640RBalmost 30641CD@card@ years642NNSyear ,643,, the644DTthe Fifth645NPFifth Circuit646NPCircuit has647VHZhave adopted648VVNadopt precisely649RBprecisely the650DTthe opposite651JJopposite construction652NNconstruction of653INof this654DTthis clause655NNclause ,656,, and657CCand Gilmore658NPGilmore and659CCand Black660NPBlack for661INfor more662JJRmore than663INthan years664NNSyear ,665,, 50666CD@card@ years667NNSyear ,668,, have669VHPhave adopted670VVNadopt a671DTa fundamentally672RBfundamentally different673JJdifferent ...674:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]675LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Contrary676JJcontrary to677TOto ...678:... to679TOto the680DTthe ...681:... to682TOto the683DTthe ...684:... [MR. PHILLIPS]685LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...686:... construction687NNconstruction of688INof this689DTthis clause690NNclause .691SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]692LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] ...693:... to694TOto the695DTthe other696JJother treatises697NNStreatise .698SENT. But699CCbut there700EXthere is701VBZbe another702DTanother clause703NNclause that704WDTthat is705VBZbe adopted706VVNadopt in707INin some708DTsome charter709NNcharter parties710NNSparty ,711,, and712CCand it713PPit 's714VBZbe called715VVNcall ...716:... what717WPwhat is718VBZbe it719PPit called720VVDcall ...721:... the722DTthe due723JJdue diligence724NNdiligence clause725NNclause .726SENT. So727RBso ,728,, if729INif that730DTthat clause731NNclause ,732,, that733DTthat clause734NNclause would735MDwould be736VBbe unnecessary737JJunnecessary under738INunder your739PP$your reading740NNreading because741INbecause you742PPyou say743VVPsay that744WDTthat 's745VBZbe all746RBall that747IN/thatthat the748DTthe safe-berth749NNsafe-berth clause750NNclause required751VVDrequire .752SENT. So753RBso all754RBall of755INof these756DTthese charters757NNScharter that758WDTthat have759VHPhave been760VBNbe adopting761VVGadopt the762DTthe specific763JJspecific language764NNlanguage of765INof due766JJdue diligence767NNdiligence ,768,, they769PPthey 're770VBPbe doing771VVGdo ...772:... they773PPthey 've774VHPhave done775VVNdo something776NNsomething that777WDTthat 's778VBZbe entirely779RBentirely unnecessary780JJunnecessary ?781SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]782LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] The783NPThe ...784:... the785DTthe difficulty786NNdifficulty ,787,, I788PPI think789VVPthink ,790,, with791INwith looking792VVGlook at793INat other794JJother forms795NNSform and796CCand other797JJother clauses798NNSclause and799CCand other800JJother contracts801NNScontract between802INbetween other803JJother parties804NNSparty is805VBZbe ...806:... is807VBZbe ,808,, candidly809RBcandidly ,810,, there811EXthere 's812VBZbe no813DTno evidence814NNevidence that815WDTthat ties816VVZtie any817DTany knowledge818NNknowledge of819INof any820DTany of821INof that822WDTthat to823TOto the824DTthe decision825NNdecision that826WDTthat was827VBDbe made828VVNmake between829INbetween the830DTthe Star831NPStar Tanker832NPTanker and833CCand my834PP$my client835NNclient when836WRBwhen they837PPthey entered838VVDenter into839INinto the840DTthe ...841:... into842INinto the843DTthe charter844NNcharter party845NNparty arrangement846NNarrangement in847INin this848DTthis particular849JJparticular case850NNcase .851SENT. It852PPit 's853VBZbe true854JJtrue that855IN/thatthat there856EXthere were857VBDbe other858JJother options859NNSoption available860JJavailable ,861,, but862CCbut the863DTthe question864NNquestion is865VBZbe ,866,, what867WPwhat did868VVDdo the869DTthe parties870NNSparty intend871VVPintend when872WRBwhen they873PPthey chose874VVDchoose this875DTthis language876NNlanguage under877INunder these878DTthese circumstances879NNScircumstance ?880SENT? And881CCand against882INagainst the883DTthe backdrop884NNbackdrop ...885:... because886INbecause I887PPI ...888:... I889PPI do890VVPdo think891VVthink the892DTthe text893NNtext itself894PPitself tells895VVZtell you896PPyou that897IN/thatthat the898DTthe basic899JJbasic problem900NNproblem this901DTthis is902VBZbe designed903VVNdesign to904TOto deal905VVdeal with906INwith is907VBZbe what908WPwhat do909VVPdo you910PPyou do911VVPdo when912WRBwhen you913PPyou show914VVPshow a915DTa ...916:... when917WRBwhen you918PPyou pick919VVPpick a920DTa place921NNplace that922WDTthat 's923VBZbe safe924JJsafe ,925,, it926PPit turns927VVZturn out928INout it929PPit 's930VBZbe not931RBnot safe932JJsafe ,933,, and934CCand then935RBthen the936DTthe ...937:... then938RBthen the939DTthe captain940NNcaptain has941VHZhave to942TOto act943VVact in944INin response945NNresponse to946TOto that947WDTthat ,948,, what949WPwhat 's950VBZbe the951DTthe ...952:... what953WPwhat 's954VBZbe the955DTthe outcome956NNoutcome ?957SENT? But958CCbut ,959,, if960INif you961PPyou put962VVPput it963PPit contextually964RBcontextually and965CCand look966VVlook at967INat other968JJother provisions969NNSprovision of970INof this971DTthis contract972NNcontract ,973,, where974WRBwhere you975PPyou have976VHPhave the977DTthe general978JJgeneral exceptions979NNSexception clause980NNclause that981WDTthat says982VVZsay that983IN/thatthat the984DTthe ...985:... that986IN/thatthat there987RBthere ...988:... that989IN/thatthat for990INfor perils991NNSperil of992INof the993DTthe sea994NNsea ,995,, neither996CCneither the997DTthe charterer998NNcharterer ,999,, nor1000CCnor the1001DTthe owner1002NNowner of1003INof the1004DTthe ship1005NNship ,1006,, nor1007CCnor anybody1008NNanybody else1009RBelse is1010VBZbe responsible1011JJresponsible for1012INfor those1013DTthose kinds1014NNSkind of1015INof injuries1016NNSinjury .1017SENT. And1018CCand so1019RBso that1020WDTthat suggests1021VVZsuggest to1022TOto you1023PPyou that1024IN/thatthat for1025INfor what1026WPwhat we1027PPwe 're1028VBPbe looking1029VVGlook at1030INat ,1031,, unknown1032JJunknown and1033CCand unknowable1034JJunknowable hazards1035NNShazard ,1036,, that1037WDTthat that1038RBthat 's1039VBZbe ...1040:... that1041IN/thatthat that1042DTthat 's1043VBZbe not1044RBnot what1045WPwhat the1046DTthe parties1047NNSparty expected1048VVNexpect would1049MDwould be1050VBbe imposed1051VVNimpose on1052INon the1053DTthe charterer1054NNcharterer by1055INby simply1056RBsimply designating1057VVGdesignate at1058INat the1059DTthe time1060NNtime a1061DTa safe1062JJsafe port1063NNport .1064SENT. Second1065NNsecond ...1066:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1067LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Mr1068NPMr .1069SENT. Phillips1070NPPhillips ,1071,, even1072RBeven if1073INif we1074PPwe 're1075VBPbe looking1076VVGlook just1077RBjust to1078TOto this1079DTthis contract1080NNcontract ,1081,, these1082DTthese parties1083NNSparty ,1084,, you1085PPyou said1086VVDsay ,1087,, well1088RBwell ,1089,, look1090VVPlook ,1091,, there1092EXthere is1093VBZbe the1094DTthe Second1095NPSecond Circuit1096NPCircuit ,1097,, but1098CCbut we1099PPwe have1100VHPhave the1101DTthe Fifth1102NPFifth Circuit1103NPCircuit on1104INon our1105PP$our side1106NNside .1107SENT. But1108CCbut this1109DTthis contract1110NNcontract actually1111RBactually seems1112VVZseem pretty1113RBpretty well1114RBwell oriented1115VVNorient to1116TOto the1117DTthe Second1118NPSecond Circuit1119NPCircuit .1120SENT. So1121RBso there1122EXthere 's1123VBZbe a1124DTa arbitration1125NNarbitration provision1126NNprovision in1127INin the1128DTthe contract1129NNcontract which1130WDTwhich says1131VVZsay that1132IN/thatthat any1133DTany and1134CCand all1135DTall differences1136NNSdifference in1137INin disputes1138NNSdispute of1139INof whatever1140WDTwhatever nature1141NNnature shall1142MDshall be1143VBbe put1144VVNput to1145TOto arbitration1146NNarbitration in1147INin the1148DTthe city1149NNcity of1150INof New1151NPNew York1152NPYork or1153CCor in1154INin the1155DTthe city1156NNcity of1157INof London1158NPLondon .1159SENT. And1160CCand then1161RBthen there1162EXthere 's1163VBZbe another1164DTanother provision1165NNprovision in1166INin the1167DTthe contract1168NNcontract ,1169,, a1170DTa jurisdiction1171NNjurisdiction clause1172NNclause ,1173,, which1174WDTwhich says1175VVZsay that1176IN/thatthat disputes1177NNSdispute concerning1178VVGconcern non-delivery1179NNnon-delivery or1180CCor damage1181NNdamage to1182TOto cargo1183NNcargo may1184MDmay be1185VBbe submitted1186VVNsubmit for1187INfor adjudication1188NNadjudication to1189TOto the1190DTthe United1191NPUnited States1192NPSStates District1193NPDistrict Court1194NPCourt for1195INfor the1196DTthe Southern1197NPSouthern District1198NPDistrict of1199INof New1200NPNew York1201NPYork .1202SENT. So1203INso every1204DTevery time1205NNtime that1206IN/thatthat this1207DTthis contract1208NNcontract says1209VVZsay something1210NNsomething about1211INabout where1212WRBwhere it1213PPit expects1214VVZexpect disputes1215NNSdispute to1216TOto go1217VVgo ,1218,, it1219PPit points1220VVZpoint to1221TOto New1222NPNew York1223NPYork .1224SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]1225LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Well1226UHWell ,1227,, but1228CCbut those1229DTthose are1230VBPbe ...1231:... but1232CCbut those1233DTthose are1234VBPbe choice-of-forum1235NNchoice-of-forum clauses1236NNSclause .1237SENT. They1238PPthey 're1239VBPbe not1240RBnot choice-of-law1241JJchoice-of-law clauses1242NNSclause .1243SENT. They1244PPthey do1245VVPdo n't1246RBn't say1247VVsay specifically1248RBspecifically that1249IN/thatthat we1250PPwe intend1251VVPintend ...1252:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1253LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Well1254UHwell ,1255,, we1256PPwe know1257VVPknow what1258WPwhat happens1259VVZhappen ...1260:... [MR. PHILLIPS]1261LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...1262:... for1263INfor the1264DTthe Second1265NPSecond Circuit1266NPCircuit rule1267NNrule .1268SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]1269LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...1270:... we1271PPwe know1272VVPknow what1273WPwhat happens1274VVZhappen in1275INin arbitration1276NNarbitration in1277INin New1278NPNew York1279NPYork .1280SENT. Arbitrators1281NNSarbitrator ...1282:... arbitrators1283NNSarbitrator in1284INin New1285NPNew York1286NPYork follow1287VVfollow the1288DTthe Second1289NPSecond Circuit1290NPCircuit rule1291NNrule .1292SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]1293LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] They1294PPthey tend1295VVPtend to1296TOto follow1297VVfollow the1298DTthe ...1299:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1300LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] And1301CCand certainly1302RBcertainly ...1303:... [MR. PHILLIPS]1304LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...1305:... Second1306JJsecond Circuit1307NPCircuit rule1308NNrule ,1309,, although1310INalthough the1311DTthe ...1312:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1313LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...1314:... certainly1315RBcertainly ,1316,, the1317DTthe Southern1318NPSouthern District1319NPDistrict of1320INof New1321NPNew York1322NPYork is1323VBZbe following1324VVGfollow the1325DTthe Second1326NPSecond Circuit1327NPCircuit rule1328NNrule ,1329,, is1330VBZbe n't1331RBn't it1332PPit ?1333SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]1334LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] To1335TOTo be1336VBbe sure1337JJsure .1338SENT. But1339CCbut the1340DTthe ...1341:... but1342CCbut the1343DTthe ...1344:... but1345CCbut the1346DTthe flip1347JJflip side1348NNside of1349INof that1350DTthat ,1351,, first1352JJfirst of1353INof all1354DTall ,1355,, this1356DTthis was1357VBDbe n't1358RBn't litigated1359VVNlitigate in1360INin ...1361:... in1362INin New1363NPNew York1364NPYork .1365SENT. This1366DTthis was1367VBDbe litigated1368VVNlitigate in1369INin the1370DTthe Third1371NPThird Circuit1372NPCircuit ...1373:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1374LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Well1375UHWell ,1376,, I1377PPI know1378VVPknow ...1379:... [MR. PHILLIPS]1380LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...1381:... and1382CCand properly1383RBproperly so1384RBso .1385SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]1386LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...1387:... there1388EXthere was1389VBDbe some1390DTsome strange1391JJstrange circumstance1392NNcircumstance ,1393,, you1394PPyou know1395VVPknow ,1396,, it1397PPit did1398VVDdo n't1399RBn't ...1400:... did1401VVDdo n't1402RBn't end1403VVend up1404RPup going1405VVGgo to1406TOto arbitration1407NNarbitration .1408SENT. But1409CCbut mostly1410RBmostly people1411NNSpeople expect1412VVPexpect that1413IN/thatthat these1414DTthese kinds1415NNSkind of1416INof disputes1417NNSdispute will1418MDwill go1419VVgo to1420TOto arbitration1421NNarbitration .1422SENT. And1423CCand this1424DTthis arbitration1425NNarbitration clause1426NNclause says1427VVZsay you1428PPyou 're1429VBPbe in1430INin New1431NPNew York1432NPYork or1433CCor you1434PPyou 're1435VBPbe in1436INin London1437NPLondon ,1438,, both1439DTboth of1440INof which1441WDTwhich have1442VHPhave a1443DTa warranty1444NNwarranty interpretation1445NNinterpretation of1446INof this1447DTthis safe-berth1448NNsafe-berth clause1449NNclause .1450SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]1451LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Right1452NPRight .1453SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]1454LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] So1455RBso even1456RBeven if1457INif we1458PPwe 're1459VBPbe just1460RBjust looking1461VVGlook to1462TOto this1463DTthis particular1464JJparticular contract1465NNcontract between1466INbetween these1467DTthese two1468CDtwo parties1469NNSparty ,1470,, I1471PPI ...1472:... I1473PPI guess1474VVPguess I1475PPI 'm1476VBPbe thinking1477VVGthink these1478DTthese two1479CDtwo parties1480NNSparty thought1481VVDthink that1482IN/thatthat this1483DTthis was1484VBDbe going1485VVGgo to1486TOto be1487VBbe adjudicated1488VVNadjudicate in1489INin New1490NPNew York1491NPYork ...1492:... [MR. PHILLIPS]1493LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] But1494CCbut ...1495:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1496LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...1497:... under1498INunder New1499NPNew York1500NPYork rules1501NNSrule .1502SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]1503LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...1504:... but1505CCbut even1506RBeven under1507INunder ...1508:... even1509RBeven under1510INunder that1511DTthat interpretation1512NNinterpretation ,1513,, which1514WDTwhich I1515PPI do1516VVPdo n't1517RBn't think1518VVthink is1519VBZbe a1520DTa fair1521JJfair way1522NNway to1523TOto interpret1524VVinterpret this1525DTthis ,1526,, because1527INbecause it1528PPit seems1529VVZseem to1530TOto me1531PPme that1532IN/thatthat when1533WRBwhen you1534PPyou 're1535VBPbe engaged1536VVNengage in1537INin a1538DTa very1539RBvery broad1540JJbroad contract1541NNcontract entry1542NNentry position1543NNposition ,1544,, to1545TOto say1546VVsay that1547IN/thatthat this1548DTthis was1549VBDbe ...1550:... that1551IN/thatthat this1552DTthis was1553VBDbe something1554NNsomething that1555WDTthat was1556VBDbe entertained1557VVNentertain because1558INbecause they1559PPthey knew1560VVDknow how1561WRBhow New1562NPNew York1563NPYork law1564NNlaw worked1565VVDwork in1566INin certain1567JJcertain ways1568NNSway ,1569,, I1570PPI do1571VVPdo n't1572RBn't think1573VVthink is1574VBZbe a1575DTa fair1576JJfair way1577NNway to1578TOto interpret1579VVinterpret the1580DTthe contract1581NNcontract .1582SENT. But1583CCbut I1584PPI ...1585:... but1586RBbut ...1587:... but1588CCbut even1589RBeven aside1590RBaside from1591INfrom that1592IN/thatthat ,1593,, if1594INif you1595PPyou actually1596RBactually look1597VVPlook at1598INat the1599DTthe arbitration1600NNarbitration decisions1601NNSdecision that1602IN/thatthat our1603PP$our friends1604NNSfriend cite1605VVPcite and1606CCand ...1607:... and1608CCand examine1609VVexamine them1610PPthem ,1611,, they1612PPthey say1613VVPsay things1614NNSthing like1615VVPlike ,1616,, of1617INof course1618NNcourse ,1619,, the1620DTthe charterer1621NNcharterer is1622VBZbe not1623RBnot the1624DTthe insurer1625NNinsurer against1626INagainst all1627DTall risk1628NNrisk that1629WDTthat takes1630VVZtake place1631NNplace .1632SENT. So1633RBso there1634EXthere 's1635VBZbe at1636INat least1637JJSleast some1638DTsome reason1639NNreason to1640TOto doubt1641VVdoubt that1642IN/thatthat the1643DTthe rule1644NNrule would1645MDwould ever1646RBever be1647VBbe interpreted1648VVNinterpret as1649RBas broadly1650RBbroadly as1651INas it1652PPit is1653VBZbe in1654INin this1655DTthis context1656NNcontext .1657SENT. And1658CCand to1659TOto me1660PPme ...1661:... and1662CCand ...1663:... and1664CCand so1665RBso ...1666:... and1667CCand that1668IN/thatthat there1669EXthere are1670VBPbe others1671NNSother in1672INin which1673WDTwhich the1674DTthe court1675NNcourt has1676VHZhave said1677VVNsay that1678DTthat strict1679JJstrict liability1680NNliability does1681VVZdo n't1682RBn't extend1683VVextend to1684TOto the1685DTthe ends1686NNSend of1687INof the1688DTthe earth1689NNearth .1690SENT. So1691RBso there1692RBthere ...1693:... there1694EXthere are1695VBPbe ...1696:... it1697PPit 's1698VBZbe ...1699:... it1700PPit 's1701VBZbe ...1702:... it1703PPit 's1704VBZbe far1705RBfar from1706INfrom clear1707VVclear what1708WPwhat that1709DTthat would1710MDwould mean1711VVmean .1712SENT. 21713LS2 But1714CCbut what1715WPwhat we1716PPwe do1717VVPdo know1718VVknow is1719VBZbe that1720IN/thatthat the1721DTthe provision1722NNprovision specifically1723RBspecifically says1724VVZsay U1725NPU .1726SENT. S1727NPS .1728SENT. law1729NNlaw .1730SENT. And1731CCand U1732NPU .1733SENT. S1734NPS .1735SENT. law1736NNlaw ,1737,, obviously1738RBobviously ,1739,, at1740INat this1741DTthis stage1742NNstage ,1743,, ought1744MDought to1745TOto be1746VBbe what1747WPwhat this1748DTthis Court1749NPCourt decides1750VVZdecide it1751PPit ought1752MDought to1753TOto be1754VBbe .1755SENT. And1756CCand ,1757,, again1758RBagain ,1759,, remember1760VVremember ,1761,, this1762DTthis is1763VBZbe not1764RBnot an1765DTan agreement1766NNagreement between1767INbetween my1768PP$my friends1769NNSfriend over1770INover here1771RBhere and1772CCand my1773PP$my client1774NNclient .1775SENT. This1776DTthis is1777VBZbe an1778DTan agreement1779NNagreement between1780INbetween a1781DTa third-party1782JJthird-party and1783CCand my1784PP$my client1785NNclient .1786SENT. And1787CCand there1788EXthere is1789VBZbe no1790DTno evidence1791NNevidence as1792INas to1793TOto what1794WPwhat either1795RBeither ...1796:... either1797CCeither of1798INof them1799PPthem had1800VHDhave in1801INin mind1802NNmind with1803INwith respect1804NNrespect to1805TOto this1806DTthis particular1807JJparticular issue1808NNissue .1809SENT. So1810RBso I1811PPI think1812VVPthink what1813WPwhat you1814PPyou should1815MDshould look1816VVlook at1817INat is1818VBZbe the1819DTthe language1820NNlanguage and1821CCand the1822DTthe text1823NNtext and1824CCand what1825WPwhat does1826VVZdo that1827RBthat lead1828VVlead you1829PPyou to1830TOto ,1831,, what1832WPwhat 's1833VBZbe the1834DTthe conclusion1835NNconclusion to1836TOto take1837VVtake from1838INfrom that1839DTthat ,1840,, the1841DTthe context1842NNcontext that1843WDTthat tells1844VVZtell you1845PPyou the1846DTthe general1847JJgeneral exceptions1848NNSexception that1849IN/thatthat we1850PPwe 're1851VBPbe not1852RBnot liable1853JJliable for1854INfor perils1855NNSperil of1856INof the1857DTthe sea1858NNsea ,1859,, nor1860CCnor is1861VBZbe anybody1862NNanybody else1863RBelse liable1864JJliable .1865SENT. That1866DTthat 's1867VBZbe what1868WPwhat insurance1869NNinsurance ...1870:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]1871LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Well1872UHWell ,1873,, can1874MDcan I1875PPI just1876RBjust ...1877:... [MR. PHILLIPS]1878LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...1879:... ought1880MDought to1881TOto be1882VBbe for1883INfor .1884SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]1885LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...1886:... can1887MDcan I1888PPI just1889RBjust ask1890VVPask ,1891,, Mr1892NPMr .1893SENT. Phillips1894NPPhillips ,1895,, about1896INabout the1897DTthe text1898NNtext ,1899,, because1900INbecause the1901DTthe text1902NNtext does1903VVZdo say1904VVsay a1905DTa safe1906JJsafe berth1907NNberth ,1908,, yeah1909RByeah ?1910SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]1911LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Yes1912NPYes ,1913,, Your1914PP$your Honor1915NPHonor ,1916,, safe1917JJsafe ...1918:... safe1919JJsafe place1920NNplace .1921SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]1922LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Safe1923NPSafe place1924NNplace or1925CCor wharf1926NNwharf ,1927,, right1928RBright ,1929,, safe1930JJsafe place1931NNplace or1932CCor wharf1933NNwharf .1934SENT. I1935PPI mean1936VVPmean ,1937,, just1938RBjust thinking1939VVGthink about1940RBabout that1941IN/thatthat as1942RBas ,1943,, you1944PPyou know1945VVPknow ,1946,, under1947INunder Black1948NPBlack Letter1949NPLetter rules1950NNSrule of1951INof contract1952NNcontract ,1953,, which1954WDTwhich ...1955:... which1956WDTwhich suggests1957VVZsuggest that1958IN/thatthat material1959NNmaterial statements1960NNSstatement of1961INof fact1962NNfact are1963VBPbe ,1964,, indeed1965RBindeed ,1966,, warranties1967NNSwarranty ,1968,, I1969PPI mean1970VVPmean ,1971,, what1972WPwhat would1973MDwould be1974VBbe the1975DTthe difference1976NNdifference if1977INif I1978PPI said1979VVDsay to1980TOto you1981PPyou ,1982,, I1983PPI 'm1984VBPbe going1985VVGgo to1986TOto sell1987VVsell you1988PPyou a1989DTa working1990VVGwork car1991NNcar for1992INfor $1993$$ 1,0001994CD@card@ and1995CCand then1996RBthen I1997PPI give1998VVPgive you1999PPyou the2000DTthe car2001NNcar and2002CCand it2003PPit breaks2004VVZbreak down2005RBdown two2006CDtwo minutes2007NNSminute later2008RBRlater ?2009SENT? I2010PPI mean2011VVPmean ,2012,, would2013MDwould you2014PPyou ...2015:... would2016MDwould you2017PPyou think2018VVthink that2019IN/thatthat that2020DTthat 's2021VBZbe anything2022NNanything other2023JJother than2024INthan a2025DTa warranty2026NNwarranty ?2027SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]2028LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] No2029NPNo ,2030,, I2031PPI would2032MDwould think2033VVthink that2034IN/thatthat that2035DTthat is2036VBZbe ,2037,, in2038RBin ...2039:... in2040INin fact2041NNfact ,2042,, a2043DTa warranty2044NNwarranty ,2045,, but2046CCbut I2047PPI think2048VVPthink that2049DTthat ...2050:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]2051LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Even2052RBeven though2053RBthough ,2054,, like2055INlike I2056PPI ...2057:... I2058PPI said2059VVDsay ,2060,, I2061PPI did2062VVDdo n't2063RBn't know2064VVknow that2065IN/thatthat this2066DTthis car2067NNcar was2068VBDbe ready2069JJready to2070TOto break2071VVbreak down2072RPdown .2073SENT. It2074PPit 's2075VBZbe unknown2076JJunknown and2077CCand unknowable2078JJunknowable .2079SENT. I2080PPI had2081VHDhave no2082DTno ...2083:... I2084PPI had2085VHDhave no2086DTno idea2087NNidea .2088SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]2089LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Well2090UHWell ,2091,, my2092PP$my guess2093NNguess is2094VBZbe ,2095,, first2096JJfirst of2097INof all2098DTall ,2099,, I2100PPI mean2101VVPmean ,2102,, I2103PPI hate2104VVPhate to2105TOto ...2106:... to2107TOto fight2108VVfight your2109PP$your hypothetical2110JJhypothetical ,2111,, but2112CCbut my2113PP$my guess2114NNguess is2115VBZbe that2116WDTthat 's2117VBZbe ...2118:... that2119WDTthat 's2120VBZbe something2121NNsomething that2122WDTthat is2123VBZbe at2124INat least2125JJSleast potentially2126RBpotentially knowable2127JJknowable ,2128,, although2129INalthough I2130PPI ...2131:... I2132PPI can2133MDcan envision2134VVenvision a2135DTa circumstance2136NNcircumstance where2137WRBwhere it2138PPit would2139MDwould n't2140RBn't be2141VBbe .2142SENT. Here2143RBhere ,2144,, you2145PPyou 're2146VBPbe talking2147VVGtalk about2148INabout something2149NNsomething that2150WDTthat is2151VBZbe absolutely2152RBabsolutely unknown2153JJunknown and2154CCand unknowable2155JJunknowable under2156INunder these2157DTthese particular2158JJparticular circumstances2159NNScircumstance .2160SENT. And2161CCand ...2162:... and2163CCand ...2164:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]2165LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Well2166UHWell ,2167,, absolutely2168RBabsolutely ...2169:... [MR. PHILLIPS]2170LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...2171:... the2172DTthe term2173NNterm "2174``" safe2175JJsafe "2176''" ...2177:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]2178LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...2179:... I2180PPI mean2181VVPmean ,2182,, there2183EXthere are2184VBPbe ways2185NNSway of2186INof ...2187:... [MR. PHILLIPS]2188LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...2189:... does2190VVZdo n't2191RBn't mean2192VVmean as2193RBas against2194INagainst all2195DTall possible2196JJpossible risk2197NNrisk .2198SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]2199LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Are2200VBPbe n't2201RBn't there2202RBthere ...2203:... [MR. PHILLIPS]2204LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] It2205PPit does2206VVZdo n't2207RBn't have2208VHhave to2209TOto mean2210VVmean that2211DTthat .2212SENT. It2213PPit can2214MDcan just2215RBjust mean2216VVmean safe2217JJsafe for2218INfor the2219DTthe ordinary2220JJordinary use2221NNuse that2222IN/thatthat you2223PPyou 're2224VBPbe going2225VVGgo to2226TOto put2227VVput it2228PPit to2229TOto ,2230,, as2231INas the2232DTthe ...2233:... as2234INas the2235DTthe Ocean2236NPOcean Victory2237NPVictory decision2238NNdecision in2239INin the2240DTthe U2241NPU .2242SENT. K2243NPK .2244SENT. says2245VVZsay ,2246,, which2247WDTwhich I2248PPI think2249VVPthink is2250VBZbe the2251DTthe best2252JJSgood way2253NNway to2254TOto think2255VVthink about2256INabout this2257DTthis :2258:: Was2259VBDbe it2260PPit safe2261JJsafe for2262INfor that2263DTthat vessel2264NNvessel on2265INon that2266DTthat day2267NNday at2268INat that2269DTthat place2270NNplace ,2271,, given2272VVNgive what2273WPwhat we2274PPwe knew2275VVDknow about2276INabout the2277DTthe characteristics2278NNScharacteristic ...2279:... [JUSTICE ALITO]2280LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] What2281WPWhat if2282INif ...2283:... [JUSTICE GORSUCH]2284LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH] Well2285UHWell ,2286,, Mister2287NPMister ...2288:... [MR. PHILLIPS]2289LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...2290:... of2291INof the2292DTthe port2293NNport .2294SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]2295LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...2296:... what2297WPwhat if2298INif we2299PPwe think2300VVPthink the2301DTthe text2302NNtext can2303MDcan be2304VBbe read2305VVread your2306PP$your way2307NNway ,2308,, but2309CCbut it2310PPit can2311MDcan also2312RBalso be2313VBbe read2314VVNread the2315DTthe other2316JJother way2317NNway ?2318SENT? What2319WPWhat should2320MDshould we2321PPwe do2322VVdo then2323RBthen ?2324SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]2325LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Then2326RBthen you2327PPyou should2328MDshould go2329VVgo to2330TOto the2331DTthe other2332JJother criteria2333NNScriterion ,2334,, which2335WDTwhich is2336VBZbe the2337DTthe context2338NNcontext ,2339,, which2340WDTwhich I2341PPI 've2342VHPhave already2343RBalready identified2344VVNidentify ,2345,, and2346CCand the2347DTthe billion2348CDbillion dollars2349NNSdollar of2350INof liability2351NNliability insurance2352NNinsurance that2353IN/thatthat the2354DTthe other2355JJother side2356NNside has2357VHZhave .2358SENT. I2359PPI think2360VVPthink the2361DTthe case2362NNcase law2363NNlaw tends2364VVZtend to2365TOto support2366VVsupport us2367PPus more2368JJRmore .2369SENT. I2370PPI think2371VVPthink Atkins2372NPAtkins can2373MDcan be2374VBbe read2375VVNread as2376INas having2377VHGhave rejected2378VVNreject exactly2379RBexactly the2380DTthe kind2381NNkind of2382INof warranty2383NNwarranty ,2384,, because2385INbecause there2386RBthere the2387DTthe situation2388NNsituation was2389VBDbe that2390IN/thatthat the2391DTthe ...2392:... one2393CDone of2394INof the2395DTthe parties2396NNSparty said2397VVDsay to2398TOto the2399DTthe ship2400NNship 's2401POS's captain2402NNcaptain it2403PPit 's2404VBZbe a2405DTa safe2406JJsafe port2407NNport ,2408,, and2409CCand the2410DTthe Court2411NPCourt rejected2412VVDreject the2413DTthe idea2414NNidea that2415IN/thatthat that2416DTthat was2417VBDbe a2418DTa warranty2419NNwarranty on2420INon its2421PP$its face2422NNface that2423IN/thatthat you2424PPyou could2425MDcould get2426VVget in2427INin under2428INunder any2429DTany circumstances2430NNScircumstance and2431CCand regardless2432RBregardless of2433INof knowledge2434NNknowledge .2435SENT. Then2436RBthen I2437PPI think2438VVPthink you2439PPyou look2440VVPlook at2441INat the2442DTthe other2443JJother two2444CDtwo criteria2445NNScriterion that2446IN/thatthat the2447DTthe Court2448NPCourt uses2449VVZuse in2450INin deciding2451VVGdecide the2452DTthe right2453JJright way2454NNway to2455TOto interpret2456VVinterpret admiralty2457NNadmiralty con2458NNcon ...2459:... contracts2460NNScontract in2461INin admiralty2462NNadmiralty .2463SENT. One2464PPone is2465VBZbe ,2466,, is2467VBZbe it2468PPit ...2469:... is2470VBZbe the2471DTthe ...2472:... you2473PPyou know2474VVPknow ,2475,, does2476VVZdo this2477DTthis promote2478VVpromote maritime2479JJmaritime commerce2480NNcommerce ?2481SENT? And2482CCand the2483DTthe ...2484:... the2485DTthe answer2486NNanswer to2487TOto that2488WDTthat seems2489VVZseem to2490TOto me2491PPme clearly2492RBclearly not2493RBnot .2494SENT. We2495PPwe know2496VVPknow from2497INfrom the2498DTthe amicus2499NNamicus briefs2500NNSbrief that2501WDTthat operate2502VVPoperate in2503INin the2504DTthe Fifth2505NPFifth Circuit2506NPCircuit ,2507,, those2508DTthose merchants2509NNSmerchant do2510VVPdo n't2511RBn't routinely2512RBroutinely get2513VVget ...2514:... get2515VVget insurance2516NNinsurance and2517CCand do2518VVPdo n't2519RBn't ...2520:... can2521MDcan 't2522RB't get2523VVget insurance2524NNinsurance for2525INfor a2526DTa lot2527NNlot of2528INof what2529WPwhat we2530PPwe 're2531VBPbe talking2532VVGtalk about2533RBabout here2534RBhere .2535SENT. And2536CCand it2537PPit would2538MDwould completely2539RBcompletely disrupt2540VVdisrupt all2541DTall of2542INof the2543DTthe commerce2544NNcommerce that2545WDTthat goes2546VVZgo into2547INinto the2548DTthe Gulf2549NPGulf under2550INunder these2551DTthese circumstances2552NNScircumstance .2553SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]2554LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Well2555UHWell ,2556,, if2557INif we2558PPwe get2559VVPget to2560TOto custom2561NNcustom and2562CCand usage2563NNusage ,2564,, which2565WDTwhich is2566VBZbe what2567WPwhat you2568PPyou seem2569VVPseem to2570TOto be2571VBbe talking2572VVGtalk about2573RBabout ,2574,, can2575MDcan that2576RBthat be2577VBbe decided2578VVNdecide on2579INon the2580DTthe record2581NNrecord that2582IN/thatthat we2583PPwe have2584VHPhave ?2585SENT? Is2586VBZbe n't2587RBn't that2588IN/thatthat a2589DTa factual2590JJfactual question2591NNquestion ?2592SENT? And2593CCand was2594VBDbe that2595DTthat fact2596NNfact decided2597VVDdecide by2598INby the2599DTthe district2600NNdistrict court2601NNcourt ?2602SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]2603LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] No2604NPNo ...2605:... well2606UHwell ,2607,, it2608PPit was2609VBDbe n't2610RBn't decided2611VVNdecide by2612INby the2613DTthe district2614NNdistrict court2615NNcourt because2616INbecause the2617DTthe court2618NNcourt of2619INof appeals2620NNSappeal in2621INin its2622PP$its prior2623JJprior opinion2624NNopinion had2625VHDhave basically2626RBbasically said2627VVNsay this2628DTthis is2629VBZbe a2630DTa strict2631JJstrict liability2632NNliability to2633TOto the2634DTthe limits2635NNSlimit of2636INof the2637DTthe earth2638NNearth holding2639NNholding ,2640,, and2641CCand ,2642,, therefore2643RBtherefore ,2644,, there2645EXthere was2646VBDbe no2647DTno opportunity2648NNopportunity for2649INfor the2650DTthe district2651NNdistrict court2652NNcourt to2653TOto entertain2654VVentertain that2655DTthat .2656SENT. On2657INon the2658DTthe other2659JJother hand2660NNhand ,2661,, what2662WDTwhat we2663PPwe ...2664:... what2665WPwhat we2666PPwe do2667VVPdo know2668VVknow in2669INin terms2670NNSterm of2671INof transactional2672JJtransactional costs2673NNScost and2674CCand insurance2675NNinsurance I2676PPI think2677VVPthink is2678VBZbe probably2679RBprobably knowable2680JJknowable from2681INfrom common2682JJcommon sense2683NNsense .2684SENT. I2685PPI do2686VVPdo n't2687RBn't know2688VVknow that2689IN/thatthat it2690PPit 's2691VBZbe necessarily2692RBnecessarily a2693DTa triable2694JJtriable fact2695NNfact .2696SENT. I2697PPI mean2698VVPmean ,2699,, this2700DTthis Court2701NPCourt has2702VHZhave in2703INin the2704DTthe past2705NNpast examined2706VVDexamine whether2707INwhether or2708CCor not2709RBnot a2710DTa particular2711JJparticular rule2712NNrule is2713VBZbe going2714VVGgo to2715TOto adversely2716RBadversely affect2717VVaffect maritime2718JJmaritime commerce2719NNcommerce .2720SENT. And2721CCand it2722PPit seems2723VVZseem to2724TOto me2725PPme that2726IN/thatthat any2727DTany rule2728NNrule that2729WDTthat exposes2730VVZexpose a2731DTa defendant2732NNdefendant to2733TOto limitless2734JJlimitless liability2735NNliability interferes2736VVZinterfere with2737INwith maritime2738JJmaritime commerce2739NNcommerce and2740CCand efficient2741JJefficient maritime2742JJmaritime commerce2743NNcommerce .2744SENT. [JUSTICE GORSUCH]2745LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH] Well2746UHWell ,2747,, along2748INalong those2749DTthose lines2750NNSline ,2751,, Mr2752NPMr .2753SENT. Phillips2754NPPhillips ,2755,, I2756PPI 'm2757VBPbe trying2758VVGtry to2759TOto ...2760:... I2761PPI 'm2762VBPbe trying2763VVGtry to2764TOto figure2765VVfigure out2766RPout the2767DTthe difference2768NNdifference between2769INbetween your2770PP$your rule2771NNrule and2772CCand ...2773:... and2774CCand your2775PP$your colleague2776NNcolleague 's2777POS's suggested2778JJsuggested rule2779NNrule .2780SENT. As2781INas I2782PPI understand2783VVPunderstand it2784PPit ,2785,, you2786PPyou would2787MDwould like2788VVlike us2789PPus to2790TOto essentially2791RBessentially impose2792VVimpose a2793DTa negligence2794NNnegligence standard2795NNstandard ,2796,, a2797DTa due2798JJdue diligence2799NNdiligence standard2800NNstandard .2801SENT. We2802PPwe ...2803:... we2804PPwe could2805MDcould n't2806RBn't have2807VHhave known2808VVNknow that2809IN/thatthat the2810DTthe anchor2811NNanchor was2812VBDbe there2813RBthere in2814INin the2815DTthe river2816NNriver when2817WRBwhen we2818PPwe hit2819VVDhit it2820PPit and2821CCand ,2822,, therefore2823RBtherefore ,2824,, we2825PPwe should2826MDshould n't2827RBn't be2828VBbe liable2829JJliable .2830SENT. The2831DTthe other2832JJother side2833NNside says2834VVZsay ,2835,, no2836RBno ,2837,, there2838EXthere 's2839VBZbe a2840DTa warranty2841NNwarranty of2842INof safe2843JJsafe berth2844NNberth ,2845,, but2846CCbut at2847INat least2848JJSleast as2849INas it2850PPit 's2851VHZhave been2852VBNbe interpreted2853VVNinterpret by2854INby many2855JJmany courts2856NNScourt ,2857,, including2858VVGinclude the2859DTthe English2860JJEnglish court2861NNcourt you2862PPyou ...2863:... you2864PPyou ...2865:... you2866PPyou alluded2867VVDallude to2868TOto earlier2869RBRearlier ,2870,, there2871EXthere 's2872VBZbe an2873DTan exception2874NNexception for2875INfor abnormal2876JJabnormal circumstances2877NNScircumstance under2878INunder ...2879:... under2880INunder the2881DTthe particular2882JJparticular circumstances2883NNScircumstance .2884SENT. I2885PPI think2886VVPthink you2887PPyou alluded2888VVDallude to2889TOto it2890PPit as2891RBas well2892RBwell in2893INin these2894DTthese circumstances2895NNScircumstance at2896INat this2897DTthis time2898NNtime and2899CCand this2900DTthis place2901NNplace .2902SENT. It2903PPit seems2904VVZseem to2905TOto me2906PPme that2907IN/thatthat those2908DTthose two2909CDtwo rules2910NNSrule ,2911,, strict2912JJstrict liability2913NNliability minus2914CCminus abnormal2915JJabnormal circumstances2916NNScircumstance and2917CCand negligence2918NNnegligence ,2919,, are2920VBPbe awfully2921RBawfully close2922JJclose at2923INat the2924DTthe end2925NNend of2926INof the2927DTthe day2928NNday .2929SENT. And2930CCand if2931INif that2932DTthat ...2933:... is2934VBZbe that2935DTthat true2936JJtrue ,2937,, first2938JJfirst of2939INof all2940DTall ?2941SENT? Would2942MDwould you2943PPyou agree2944VVagree with2945INwith that2946DTthat ?2947SENT? And2948CCand is2949VBZbe n't2950RBn't your2951PP$your real2952JJreal problem2953NNproblem at2954INat least2955JJSleast the2956DTthe argument2957NNargument from2958INfrom the2959DTthe other2960JJother side2961NNside that2962IN/thatthat you2963PPyou did2964VVDdo n't2965RBn't make2966VVmake an2967DTan abnormal2968JJabnormal circumstances2969NNScircumstance argument2970NNargument below2971RBbelow and2972CCand so2973RBso that2974IN/thatthat you2975PPyou are2976VBPbe stuck2977VVNstick with2978INwith more2979JJRmore of2980INof a2981DTa strict2982JJstrict liability2983NNliability result2984NNresult in2985INin this2986DTthis case2987NNcase but2988CCbut might2989MDmight not2990RBnot have2991VHhave been2992VBNbe on2993INon a2994DTa different2995JJdifferent record2996NNrecord in2997INin different2998JJdifferent circumstances2999NNScircumstance ?3000SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]3001LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] The3002NPThe ...3003:... the3004DTthe answer3005NNanswer to3006TOto your3007PP$your question3008NNquestion ,3009,, Justice3010NPJustice Gorsuch3011NPGorsuch ,3012,, is3013VBZbe that3014IN/thatthat we3015PPwe did3016VVDdo make3017VVmake an3018DTan abnormal3019JJabnormal occurrence3020NNoccurrence argument3021NNargument .3022SENT. And3023CCand if3024INif you3025PPyou look3026VVPlook at3027INat the3028DTthe reply3029NNreply brief3030NNbrief in3031INin our3032PP$our footnote3033NNfootnote ,3034,, we3035PPwe devote3036VVPdevote ,3037,, you3038PPyou know3039VVPknow ,3040,, an3041DTan entire3042JJentire ...3043:... [JUSTICE GORSUCH]3044LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH] Yeah3045NPYeah .3046SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3047LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...3048:... footnote3049NNfootnote to3050TOto the3051DTthe six3052CDsix times3053NNStime that3054IN/thatthat we3055PPwe referred3056VVDrefer to3057TOto abnormal3058JJabnormal circumstances3059NNScircumstance .3060SENT. And3061CCand ,3062,, again3063RBagain ,3064,, put3065VVput it3066PPit in3067INin the3068DTthe context3069NNcontext of3070INof the3071DTthe litigation3072NNlitigation ,3073,, which3074WDTwhich is3075VBZbe the3076DTthe district3077NNdistrict court3078NNcourt had3079VHDhave held3080VVNhold that3081IN/thatthat we3082PPwe were3083VBDbe not3084RBnot liable3085JJliable under3086INunder these3087DTthese circumstances3088NNScircumstance .3089SENT. And3090CCand the3091DTthe court3092NNcourt of3093INof appeals3094NNSappeal says3095VVZsay ,3096,, well3097RBwell ,3098,, we3099PPwe 're3100VBPbe just3101RBjust going3102VVGgo to3103TOto decide3104VVdecide some3105DTsome legal3106JJlegal issues3107NNSissue here3108RBhere and3109CCand sort3110VVsort of3111INof ...3112:... and3113CCand now3114RBnow you3115PPyou lose3116VVPlose on3117INon that3118DTthat legal3119JJlegal issue3120NNissue .3121SENT. So3122INso the3123DTthe opportunity3124NNopportunity to3125TOto try3126VVtry to3127TOto parse3128VVparse out3129RPout the3130DTthe nuance3131NNnuance of3132INof what3133WPwhat you3134PPyou 've3135VHPhave just3136RBjust described3137VVNdescribe was3138VBDbe n't3139RBn't available3140JJavailable to3141TOto us3142PPus ,3143,, but3144CCbut we3145PPwe certainly3146RBcertainly posed3147VVDpose at3148INat ...3149:... [JUSTICE GORSUCH]3150LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH] Okay3151NPOkay .3152SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3153LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...3154:... at3155INat every3156DTevery stage3157NNstage that3158DTthat argument3159NNargument .3160SENT. So3161RBso if3162INif you3163PPyou wanted3164VVDwant to3165TOto remand3166VVremand ...3167:... [JUSTICE GORSUCH]3168LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH] Yeah3169NPYeah .3170SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3171LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...3172:... for3173INfor that3174DTthat issue3175NNissue ,3176,, that3177WDTthat would3178MDwould ...3179:... you3180PPyou know3181VVPknow ,3182,, if3183INif you3184PPyou vacate3185VVPvacate the3186DTthe ...3187:... the3188DTthe ...3189:... the3190DTthe decision3191NNdecision and3192CCand send3193VVsend it3194PPit back3195RBback to3196TOto is3197VBZbe this3198DTthis a3199DTa peril3200NNperil of3201INof the3202DTthe sea3203NNsea or3204CCor is3205VBZbe this3206DTthis a3207DTa natural3208JJnatural occurrence3209NNoccurrence ...3210:... [JUSTICE GORSUCH]3211LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH] I3212PPI got3213VVDget you3214PPyou .3215SENT. I3216PPI got3217VVDget you3218PPyou ,3219,, Mr3220NPMr .3221SENT. Phillips3222NPPhillips .3223SENT. I3224PPI guess3225VVPguess let3226NNlet 's3227VBZbe ...3228:... let3229VVlet 's3230VBZbe get3231VVget away3232RBaway from3233INfrom the3234DTthe specifics3235NNSspecific of3236INof this3237DTthis case3238NNcase ,3239,, though3240INthough I3241PPI know3242VVPknow they3243PPthey 're3244VBPbe very3245RBvery near3246JJnear and3247CCand dear3248RBdear to3249TOto you3250PPyou and3251CCand your3252PP$your client3253NNclient .3254SENT. What3255WPWhat 's3256VBZbe the3257DTthe difference3258NNdifference between3259INbetween those3260DTthose two3261CDtwo legal3262JJlegal rules3263NNSrule ,3264,, if3265INif any3266DTany ?3267SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]3268LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] The3269DTthe due3270JJdue diligence3271NNdiligence standard3272NNstandard ,3273,, frankly3274RBfrankly ,3275,, does3276VVZdo n't3277RBn't go3278VVgo to3279TOto the3280DTthe question3281NNquestion ,3282,, to3283TOto my3284PP$my mind3285NNmind ,3286,, to3287TOto the3288DTthe question3289NNquestion of3290INof this3291DTthis particular3292JJparticular obstruction3293NNobstruction .3294SENT. The3295DTthe due3296JJdue diligence3297NNdiligence goes3298VVZgo to3299TOto the3300DTthe question3301NNquestion of3302INof whether3303INwhether you3304PPyou ...3305:... whether3306INwhether you3307PPyou did3308VVDdo due3309JJdue diligence3310NNdiligence in3311INin selecting3312VVGselect the3313DTthe port3314NNport or3315CCor the3316DTthe berth3317NNberth in3318INin the3319DTthe first3320JJfirst instance3321NNinstance .3322SENT. And3323CCand that3324DTthat 's3325VBZbe usually3326RBusually regulated3327VVNregulate on3328INon the3329DTthe basis3330NNbasis of3331INof the3332DTthe ...3333:... the3334DTthe history3335NNhistory of3336INof the3337DTthe port3338NNport .3339SENT. And3340CCand ...3341:... and3342CCand ,3343,, again3344RBagain ,3345,, if3346INif you3347PPyou look3348VVPlook at3349INat the3350DTthe original3351JJoriginal district3352NNdistrict court3353NNcourt opinion3354NNopinion that3355WDTthat talks3356VVZtalk about3357INabout the3358DTthe 1473359CD@card@ ships3360NNSship just3361RBjust like3362INlike this3363DTthis one3364CDone that3365WDTthat pass3366VVPpass through3367INthrough exactly3368RBexactly that3369DTthat stretch3370NNstretch ,3371,, there3372EXthere 's3373VBZbe no3374DTno question3375NNquestion this3376DTthis was3377VBDbe a3378DTa safe3379JJsafe port3380NNport when3381WRBwhen selected3382VVNselect under3383INunder those3384DTthose circumstances3385NNScircumstance .3386SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]3387LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Mr3388NPMr .3389SENT. Phillips3390NPPhillips ,3391,, you3392PPyou ...3393:... [MR. PHILLIPS]3394LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] And3395CCand we3396PPwe did3397VVDdo our3398PP$our due3399JJdue diligence3400NNdiligence there3401RBthere .3402SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]3403LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] ...3404:... you3405PPyou 've3406VHPhave been3407VBNbe using3408VVGuse terms3409NNSterm like3410INlike strict3411JJstrict liability3412NNliability and3413CCand due3414JJdue diligence3415NNdiligence ,3416,, and3417CCand those3418DTthose ...3419:... those3420DTthose sound3421NNsound in3422INin tort3423NNtort to3424TOto me3425PPme ,3426,, and3427CCand yet3428RByet we3429PPwe 're3430VBPbe dealing3431VVGdeal with3432INwith a3433DTa contract3434NNcontract .3435SENT. The3436DTthe contract3437NNcontract does3438VVZdo n't3439RBn't say3440VVsay anything3441NNanything like3442INlike that3443DTthat ...3444:... any3445DTany familiar3446JJfamiliar tort3447NNtort terms3448NNSterm .3449SENT. It3450PPit just3451RBjust says3452VVZsay you3453PPyou 're3454VBPbe going3455VVGgo to3456TOto provide3457VVprovide a3458DTa safe3459JJsafe place3460NNplace .3461SENT. And3462CCand you3463PPyou either3464RBeither did3465VVDdo or3466CCor you3467PPyou did3468VVDdo n't3469RBn't ,3470,, but3471CCbut that3472DTthat 's3473VBZbe a3474DTa matter3475NNmatter of3476INof contract3477NNcontract .3478SENT. I3479PPI do3480VVPdo n't3481RBn't know3482VVknow .3483SENT. It3484PPit ...3485:... it3486PPit seems3487VVZseem to3488TOto be3489VBbe introducing3490VVGintroduce ...3491:... you3492PPyou seem3493VVPseem to3494TOto be3495VBbe introducing3496VVGintroduce these3497DTthese tort3498NNtort concepts3499NNSconcept into3500INinto a3501DTa contract3502NNcontract case3503NNcase .3504SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3505LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] I3506PPI 'm3507VBPbe not3508RBnot sure3509JJsure I3510PPI 'm3511VBPbe the3512DTthe one3513CDone who3514WPwho 's3515VHZhave introduced3516VVNintroduce them3517PPthem into3518INinto the3519DTthe ...3520:... into3521INinto the3522DTthe contract3523NNcontract case3524NNcase ,3525,, other3526JJother than3527INthan I3528PPI think3529VVPthink the3530DTthe lower3531JJRlow courts3532NNScourt ,3533,, frankly3534RBfrankly ,3535,, are3536VBPbe the3537DTthe ones3538NNSone who3539WPwho 've3540VHPhave decided3541VVNdecide that3542IN/thatthat the3543DTthe better3544JJRgood way3545NNway to3546TOto conceptualize3547VVconceptualize the3548DTthe problem3549NNproblem is3550VBZbe in3551INin ...3552:... is3553VBZbe in3554INin these3555DTthese terms3556NNSterm .3557SENT. You3558PPyou know3559VVPknow ,3560,, from3561INfrom my3562PP$my perspective3563NNperspective ,3564,, I3565PPI 'm3566VBPbe perfectly3567RBperfectly comfortable3568JJcomfortable if3569INif the3570DTthe question3571NNquestion is3572VBZbe ,3573,, is3574VBZbe this3575DTthis a3576DTa safe3577JJsafe port3578NNport ,3579,, there3580EXthere was3581VBDbe no3582DTno breach3583NNbreach of3584INof the3585DTthe contract3586NNcontract .3587SENT. This3588DTthis ,3589,, of3590INof course3591NNcourse ,3592,, was3593VBDbe a3594DTa safe3595JJsafe port3596NNport .3597SENT. Ships3598NNSship had3599VHDhave gone3600VVNgo in3601RPin and3602CCand out3603RPout of3604INof there3605RBthere for3606INfor years3607NNSyear and3608CCand years3609NNSyear and3610CCand years3611NNSyear .3612SENT. And3613CCand what3614WPwhat we3615PPwe faced3616VVDface was3617VBDbe an3618DTan unknown3619JJunknown and3620CCand unknowable3621JJunknowable obstacle3622NNobstacle that3623WDTthat caused3624VVDcause this3625DTthis particular3626JJparticular allision3627NNallision .3628SENT. So3629INso the3630DTthe question3631NNquestion that3632IN/thatthat Justice3633NPJustice Gorsuch3634NPGorsuch ...3635:... to3636TOto go3637VVgo back3638RBback to3639TOto Justice3640NPJustice Gorsuch3641NPGorsuch 's3642POS's question3643NNquestion ,3644,, what3645WPwhat do3646VVPdo you3647PPyou do3648VVPdo in3649INin that3650DTthat circumstance3651NNcircumstance ,3652,, is3653VBZbe you3654PPyou ...3655:... is3656VBZbe you3657PPyou say3658VVPsay who3659WPwho should3660MDshould be3661VBbe liable3662JJliable under3663INunder ...3664:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]3665LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Well3666UHWell ,3667,, but3668CCbut it3669PPit 's3670VBZbe not3671RBnot ...3672:... [MR. PHILLIPS]3673LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...3674:... in3675INin that3676DTthat ...3677:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]3678LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] ...3679:... it3680PPit 's3681VBZbe not3682RBnot a3683DTa safe3684JJsafe port3685NNport .3686SENT. What3687WPWhat made3688VVDmake it3689PPit unsafe3690JJunsafe ,3691,, as3692INas you3693PPyou say3694VVPsay ,3695,, was3696VBDbe something3697NNsomething that3698WDTthat was3699VBDbe unknown3700JJunknown and3701CCand unknowable3702JJunknowable ,3703,, but3704CCbut it3705PPit 's3706VBZbe still3707RBstill a3708DTa question3709NNquestion of3710INof contract3711NNcontract law3712NNlaw .3713SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3714LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Right3715RBright .3716SENT. But3717CCbut the3718DTthe question3719NNquestion is3720VBZbe ,3721,, did3722VVDdo the3723DTthe parties3724NNSparty envision3725VVPenvision that3726IN/thatthat for3727INfor something3728NNsomething that3729WDTthat was3730VBDbe unknown3731JJunknown and3732CCand unknowable3733JJunknowable ,3734,, that3735IN/thatthat one3736CDone of3737INof the3738DTthe parties3739NNSparty would3740MDwould ...3741:... that3742IN/thatthat that3743DTthat made3744VVDmake it3745PPit unsafe3746JJunsafe under3747INunder those3748DTthose circumstances3749NNScircumstance ?3750SENT? Or3751CCor is3752VBZbe n't3753RBn't the3754DTthe more3755RBRmore logical3756JJlogical conclusion3757NNconclusion to3758TOto draw3759VVdraw ,3760,, particularly3761RBparticularly in3762INin the3763DTthe context3764NNcontext of3765INof a3766DTa provision3767NNprovision that3768WDTthat says3769VVZsay that3770IN/thatthat there3771EXthere is3772VBZbe no3773DTno responsibility3774NNresponsibility and3775CCand ...3776:... and3777CCand does3778VVZdo it3779PPit in3780INin terms3781NNSterm of3782INof damages3783NNSdamage for3784INfor losses3785NNSloss that3786WDTthat are3787VBPbe ...3788:... that3789WDTthat are3790VBPbe caused3791VVNcause by3792INby perils3793NNSperil of3794INof the3795DTthe sea3796NNsea ?3797SENT? [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3798LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Under3799INunder the3800DTthe contract3801NNcontract ,3802,, and3803CCand separating3804VVGseparate out3805RPout tort3806NNtort law3807NNlaw and3808CCand contract3809NNcontract law3810NNlaw ,3811,, under3812INunder tort3813NNtort law3814NNlaw ,3815,, it3816PPit happens3817VVZhappen because3818INbecause there3819EXthere is3820VBZbe an3821DTan accident3822NNaccident .3823SENT. In3824INin its3825PP$its classic3826JJclassic terms3827NNSterm ,3828,, it3829PPit 's3830VBZbe unknown3831JJunknown and3832CCand unknowable3833JJunknowable .3834SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3835LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Right3836NPRight .3837SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3838LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Under3839INunder contract3840NNcontract law3841NNlaw ,3842,, why3843WRBwhy should3844MDshould the3845DTthe vessel3846NNvessel bear3847VVbear the3848DTthe risk3849NNrisk of3850INof someone3851NNsomeone else3852RBelse 's3853POS's choice3854NNchoice ?3855SENT? Because3856INbecause of3857INof the3858DTthe unknown3859JJunknown and3860CCand unknowable3861JJunknowable ?3862SENT? The3863DTthe voyage3864NNvoyage is3865VBZbe ...3866:... the3867DTthe vessel3868NNvessel is3869VBZbe there3870RBthere only3871RBonly because3872INbecause of3873INof the3874DTthe charterer3875NNcharterer 's3876POS's choice3877NNchoice ,3878,, not3879RBnot because3880INbecause of3881INof its3882PP$its own3883JJown .3884SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3885LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Right3886NPRight .3887SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3888LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] And3889CCand so3890RBso ,3891,, if3892INif we3893PPwe 're3894VBPbe talking3895VVGtalk in3896INin terms3897NNSterm of3898INof contract3899NNcontract ,3900,, why3901WRBwhy does3902VVZdo that3903RBthat make3904VVmake any3905DTany sense3906NNsense to3907TOto view3908VVview it3909PPit in3910INin any3911DTany other3912JJother way3913NNway than3914INthan to3915TOto say3916VVsay the3917DTthe charterer3918NNcharterer picks3919VVZpick ,3920,, the3921DTthe charterer3922NNcharterer has3923VHZhave the3924DTthe expense3925NNexpense ,3926,, risk3927NNrisk ,3928,, and3929CCand peril3930NNperil of3931INof lighterage3932NNlighterage ...3933:... and3934CCand lighterage3935NNlighterage ,3936,, in3937INin my3938PP$my mind3939NNmind ,3940,, can3941MDcan include3942VVinclude all3943PDTall the3944DTthe charges3945NNScharge related3946VVNrelate to3947TOto the3948DTthe transfer3949NNtransfer to3950TOto a3951DTa safe3952JJsafe berth3953NNberth .3954SENT. There3955EXthere was3956VBDbe no3957DTno ability3958NNability to3959TOto do3960VVdo that3961DTthat .3962SENT. It3963PPit just3964RBjust was3965VBDbe destroyed3966VVNdestroy there3967RBthere .3968SENT. So3969INso I3970PPI ...3971:... I'm3972NNI'm ...3973:... I3974PPI 'm3975VBPbe just3976RBjust not3977RBnot quite3978RBquite sure3979JJsure you3980PPyou 're3981VBPbe ...3982:... you3983PPyou were3984VBDbe answering3985VVGanswer the3986DTthe Chief3987NPChief 's3988POS's question3989NNquestion .3990SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]3991LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Well3992UHWell ,3993,, I3994PPI ...3995:... I3996PPI ...3997:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3998LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Which3999WDTwhich is4000VBZbe ...4001:... [MR. PHILLIPS]4002LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Right4003RBright .4004SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]4005LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...4006:... if4007INif you4008PPyou 're4009VBPbe talking4010VVGtalk about4011INabout the4012DTthe parties4013NNSparty '4014POS' expectations4015NNSexpectation ,4016,, why4017WRBwhy would4018MDwould the4019DTthe vessel4020NNvessel think4021VVPthink it4022PPit should4023MDshould be4024VBbe responsible4025JJresponsible for4026INfor losses4027NNSloss occasioned4028VVNoccasion by4029INby someone4030NNsomeone else4031RBelse 's4032POS's choice4033NNchoice ?4034SENT? [MR. PHILLIPS]4035LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Because4036INbecause all4037DTall that4038WDTthat the4039DTthe choice4040NNchoice imposed4041VVNimpose as4042INas a4043DTa ...4044:... as4045INas an4046DTan obligation4047NNobligation on4048INon my4049PP$my client4050NNclient was4051VBDbe to4052TOto identify4053VVidentify someplace4054RBsomeplace that4055WDTthat is4056VBZbe safe4057JJsafe in4058INin the4059DTthe sense4060NNsense that4061IN/thatthat it4062PPit ...4063:... there4064EXthere are4065VBPbe no4066DTno obvious4067JJobvious risks4068NNSrisk ,4069,, that4070WDTthat it4071PPit is4072VBZbe not4073RBnot obviously4074RBobviously un-4075JJun- ...4076:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]4077LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] I4078PPI do4079VVPdo n't4080RBn't see4081VVsee ...4082:... [MR. PHILLIPS]4083LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...4084:... inappropriate4085JJinappropriate .4086SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]4087LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...4088:... those4089DTthose words4090NNSword anywhere4091RBanywhere in4092INin the4093DTthe contract4094NNcontract .4095SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]4096LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Well4097UHWell ,4098,, that4099WDTthat ...4100:... they4101PPthey only4102RBonly make4103VVPmake sense4104NNsense in4105INin the4106DTthe context4107NNcontext of4108INof what4109WPwhat is4110VBZbe the4111DTthe remedy4112NNremedy by4113INby choosing4114VVGchoose poorly4115RBpoorly .4116SENT. It4117PPit 's4118VBZbe not4119RBnot as4120RBas ...4121:... as4122INas you4123PPyou would4124MDwould get4125VVget in4126INin dealing4127VVGdeal with4128INwith the4129DTthe general4130JJgeneral exceptions4131NNSexception clause4132NNclause ,4133,, which4134WDTwhich says4135VVZsay they4136PPthey would4137MDwould be4138VBbe responsible4139JJresponsible for4140INfor any4141DTany loss4142NNloss or4143CCor damage4144NNdamage resulting4145VVGresult from4146INfrom the4147DTthe perils4148NNSperil of4149INof the4150DTthe sea4151NNsea .4152SENT. If4153INif you4154PPyou were4155VBDbe going4156VVGgo to4157TOto say4158VVsay that4159IN/thatthat you4160PPyou are4161VBPbe responsible4162JJresponsible for4163INfor everything4164NNeverything ,4165,, you4166PPyou would4167MDwould use4168VVuse precisely4169RBprecisely that4170DTthat same4171JJsame language4172NNlanguage .4173SENT. And4174CCand if4175INif you4176PPyou depart4177VVPdepart from4178INfrom there4179RBthere ,4180,, then4181RBthen you4182PPyou are4183VBPbe responsible4184JJresponsible for4185INfor any4186DTany loss4187NNloss or4188CCor damages4189NNSdamage arising4190VVGarise from4191INfrom the4192DTthe choice4193NNchoice made4194VVNmake by4195INby the4196DTthe ...4197:... by4198INby the4199DTthe charterer4200NNcharterer .4201SENT. The4202DTthe fact4203NNfact that4204IN/thatthat they4205PPthey do4206VVPdo n't4207RBn't use4208VVuse that4209DTthat language4210NNlanguage suggests4211VVZsuggest that4212IN/thatthat this4213DTthis is4214VBZbe a4215DTa much4216RBmuch narrower4217JJRnarrow obligation4218NNobligation .4219SENT. And4220CCand the4221DTthe reason4222NNreason why4223WRBwhy you4224PPyou would4225MDwould interpret4226VVinterpret it4227PPit in4228INin light4229NNlight of4230INof that4231WDTthat is4232VBZbe ...4233:... again4234RBagain ,4235,, goes4236VVZgo back4237RBback to4238TOto the4239DTthe core4240JJcore notions4241NNSnotion of4242INof maritime4243JJmaritime commerce4244NNcommerce ,4245,, that4246IN/thatthat any4247DTany time4248NNtime you4249PPyou begin4250VVPbegin to4251TOto impose4252VVimpose virtually4253RBvirtually limitless4254JJlimitless liability4255NNliability on4256INon a4257DTa party4258NNparty who4259WPwho has4260VHZhave no4261DTno ability4262NNability to4263TOto make4264VVmake a4265DTa choice4266NNchoice ,4267,, and4268CCand you4269PPyou do4270VVPdo so4271RBso in4272INin a4273DTa way4274NNway that4275IN/thatthat we4276PPwe know4277VVPknow from4278INfrom our4279PP$our amicus4280NNamicus will4281MDwill dash4282VVdash the4283DTthe expectations4284NNSexpectation of4285INof a4286DTa very4287RBvery large4288JJlarge part4289NNpart of4290INof the4291DTthe economy4292NNeconomy that4293WDTthat operates4294VVZoperate in4295INin the4296DTthe Gulf4297NPGulf of4298INof Mexico4299NPMexico ,4300,, this4301DTthis Court4302NPCourt ought4303MDought to4304TOto think4305VVthink long4306RBlong and4307CCand hard4308RBhard about4309RBabout whether4310INwhether that4311DTthat 's4312VBZbe the4313DTthe more4314RBRmore sensible4315JJsensible rule4316NNrule and4317CCand adopt4318VVadopt the4319DTthe more4320RBRmore ...4321:... the4322DTthe more4323RBRmore restrained4324JJrestrained rule4325NNrule and4326CCand realize4327VVrealize at4328INat the4329DTthe end4330NNend of4331INof the4332DTthe day4333NNday ,4334,, the4335DTthe reason4336NNreason why4337WRBwhy the4338DTthe ...4339:... the4340DTthe ...4341:... the4342DTthe ship4343NNship owner4344NNowner would4345MDwould expect4346VVexpect this4347DTthis liability4348NNliability to4349TOto be4350VBbe on4351INon it4352PPit is4353VBZbe twofold4354JJtwofold .4355SENT. 24356CD2 One4357CDOne ,4358,, it4359PPit took4360VVDtake out4361RPout insurance4362NNinsurance .4363SENT. It4364PPit has4365VHZhave a4366DTa billion4367CDbillion dollars4368NNSdollar of4369INof insurance4370NNinsurance against4371INagainst the4372DTthe ultimate4373JJultimate liability4374NNliability here4375RBhere .4376SENT. And4377CCand ,4378,, two4379CDtwo ,4380,, it4381PPit almost4382RBalmost certainly4383RBcertainly had4384VHDhave insurance4385NNinsurance for4386INfor its4387PP$its hull4388NNhull .4389SENT. And4390CCand that4391WDTthat 's4392VBZbe ...4393:... that4394WDTthat is4395VBZbe exactly4396RBexactly the4397DTthe position4398NNposition that4399WDTthat ...4400:... that4401IN/thatthat Gilmore4402NPGilmore and4403CCand Black4404NPBlack explained4405VVDexplain many4406JJmany ,4407,, many4408JJmany years4409NNSyear ago4410RBago as4411RBas to4412TOto the4413DTthe why4414NNwhy ...4415:... as4416RBas to4417TOto the4418DTthe reason4419NNreason why4420WRBwhy it4421PPit 's4422VBZbe not4423RBnot reasonable4424JJreasonable to4425TOto expect4426VVexpect that4427IN/thatthat the4428DTthe ship4429NNship owner4430NNowner thinks4431VVZthink he4432PPhe 's4433VBZbe getting4434VVGget a4435DTa pass4436NNpass on4437INon this4438DTthis circumstance4439NNcircumstance .4440SENT. And4441CCand it4442PPit is4443VBZbe certainly4444RBcertainly not4445RBnot reasonable4446JJreasonable to4447TOto think4448VVthink that4449IN/thatthat the4450DTthe charterer4451NNcharterer under4452INunder these4453DTthese circumstances4454NNScircumstance would4455MDwould assume4456VVassume that4457DTthat kind4458NNkind of4459INof liability4460NNliability .4461SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4462LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Back4463RBback to4464TOto the4465DTthe text4466NNtext ,4467,, it4468PPit does4469VVZdo say4470VVsay "4471``" safe4472JJsafe place4473NNplace or4474CCor wharf4475NNwharf which4476WDTwhich shall4477MDshall be4478VBbe designated4479VVNdesignate and4480CCand procured4481VVNprocure by4482INby the4483DTthe charterer4484NNcharterer .4485SENT. "4486''" So4487INso the4488DTthe words4489NNSword "4490``" designated4491VVNdesignate and4492CCand procured4493VVNprocure "4494''" are4495VBPbe not4496RBnot just4497RBjust the4498DTthe place4499NNplace but4500CCbut the4501DTthe fact4502NNfact that4503IN/thatthat it4504PPit 's4505VBZbe safe4506JJsafe as4507RBas well4508RBwell .4509SENT. So4510RBso ,4511,, if4512INif it4513PPit turns4514VVZturn out4515RPout not4516RBnot to4517TOto be4518VBbe safe4519JJsafe ,4520,, just4521RBjust as4522INas a4523DTa matter4524NNmatter of4525INof logic4526NNlogic ,4527,, it4528PPit has4529VHZhave n't4530RBn't designated4531VVNdesignate or4532CCor procured4533VVNprocure a4534DTa safe4535JJsafe place4536NNplace or4537CCor wharf4538NNwharf .4539SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]4540LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] Well4541UHWell ,4542,, the4543DTthe question4544NNquestion ...4545:... it4546PPit seems4547VVZseem to4548TOto me4549PPme the4550DTthe question4551NNquestion ,4552,, Justice4553NPJustice Kavanaugh4554NPKavanaugh ,4555,, really4556RBreally is4557VBZbe ,4558,, does4559VVZdo safe4560RBsafe mean4561VVmean that4562WDTthat you4563PPyou ...4564:... you4565PPyou ...4566:... that4567IN/thatthat you4568PPyou will4569MDwill assure4570VVassure that4571IN/thatthat regardless4572RBregardless of4573INof what4574WPwhat happens4575VVZhappen ,4576,, if4577INif it4578PPit ...4579:... if4580INif it4581PPit gets4582VVZget hit4583VVNhit by4584INby a4585DTa meteor4586NNmeteor ,4587,, if4588INif it4589PPit gets4590VVZget ...4591:... if4592INif somebody4593NNsomebody ,4594,, a4595DTa vandal4596NNvandal ,4597,, goes4598VVZgo on4599INon the4600DTthe ...4601:... on4602INon the4603DTthe ship4604NNship while4605INwhile it4606PPit 's4607VBZbe in4608INin a4609DTa berth4610NNberth and4611CCand blows4612VVZblow it4613PPit up4614RPup ,4615,, that4616IN/thatthat that4617DTthat 's4618VBZbe all4619RBall on4620INon the4621DTthe charterer4622NNcharterer ?4623SENT? Did4624VVDdo the4625DTthe charterer4626NNcharterer assume4627VVassume all4628DTall of4629INof those4630DTthose obligations4631NNSobligation ?4632SENT? [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4633LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Well4634UHwell ,4635,, it4636PPit says4637VVZsay designated4638VVNdesignate or4639CCor procured4640VVNprocure ,4641,, and4642CCand procured4643VVDprocure a4644DTa safe4645JJsafe place4646NNplace .4647SENT. And4648CCand it4649PPit does4650VVZdo n't4651RBn't say4652VVsay usually4653RBusually safe4654JJsafe place4655NNplace .4656SENT. So4657RBso ,4658,, if4659INif it4660PPit turns4661VVZturn out4662RPout not4663RBnot to4664TOto be4665VBbe safe4666JJsafe ,4667,, then4668RBthen ...4669:... [MR. PHILLIPS]4670LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] I4671PPI mean4672VVPmean ,4673,, I4674PPI do4675VVPdo think4676VVthink that4677WDTthat 's4678VBZbe one4679CDone interpretation4680NNinterpretation you4681PPyou can4682MDcan give4683VVgive to4684TOto it4685PPit .4686SENT. The4687DTthe other4688JJother interpretation4689NNinterpretation ,4690,, which4691WDTwhich is4692VBZbe much4693RBmuch more4694RBRmore sensible4695JJsensible in4696INin ...4697:... in4698INin terms4699NNSterm of4700INof maritime4701JJmaritime commerce4702NNcommerce and4703CCand the4704DTthe rest4705NNrest of4706INof the4707DTthe provisions4708NNSprovision and4709CCand the4710DTthe other4711JJother protections4712NNSprotection that4713IN/thatthat the4714DTthe other4715JJother parties4716NNSparty have4717VHPhave against4718INagainst this4719DTthis particular4720JJparticular liability4721NNliability ,4722,, is4723VBZbe ...4724:... is4725VBZbe to4726TOto say4727VVsay it4728PPit 's4729VBZbe safe4730JJsafe in4731INin the4732DTthe way4733NNway the4734DTthe U4735NPU .4736SENT. K4737NPK .4738SENT. Supreme4739NPSupreme Court4740NPCourt said4741VVDsay .4742SENT. It4743PPit 's4744VBZbe safe4745JJsafe for4746INfor this4747DTthis ship4748NNship under4749INunder these4750DTthese circumstances4751NNScircumstance on4752INon that4753DTthat particular4754JJparticular day4755NNday as4756INas a4757DTa prediction4758NNprediction made4759VVNmake at4760INat the4761DTthe time4762NNtime that4763IN/thatthat the4764DTthe prediction4765NNprediction is4766VBZbe made4767VVNmake .4768SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]4769LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] So4770RBso ...4771:... [MR. PHILLIPS]4772LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] And4773CCand there4774EXthere 's4775VBZbe no4776DTno question4777NNquestion we4778PPwe satisfied4779VVDsatisfy that4780IN/thatthat standard4781JJstandard under4782INunder these4783DTthese circumstances4784NNScircumstance .4785SENT. We4786PPwe knew4787VVDknow ...4788:... and4789CCand the4790DTthe record4791NNrecord 's4792VBZbe very4793RBvery clear4794JJclear about4795INabout this4796DTthis in4797INin 3424798CD@card@ ,4799,, 3434800CD@card@ of4801INof the4802DTthe ...4803:... of4804INof the4805DTthe appendix4806NNappendix to4807TOto the4808DTthe petition4809NNpetition ...4810:... hundreds4811NNShundred of4812INof ships4813NNSship of4814INof the4815DTthe same4816JJsame size4817NNsize and4818CCand dimensions4819NNSdimension of4820INof this4821DTthis one4822CDone had4823VHDhave passed4824VVNpass right4825RBright there4826RBthere ,4827,, right4828RBright through4829INthrough there4830RBthere ...4831:... [JUSTICE KAGAN]4832LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] So4833RBso ...4834:... [MR. PHILLIPS]4835LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...4836:... completely4837RBcompletely safe4838JJsafe .4839SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]4840LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] ...4841:... Mr4842NPMr .4843SENT. Phillips4844NPPhillips ,4845,, what4846WPwhat you4847PPyou 're4848VBPbe saying4849VVGsay is4850VBZbe sensible4851JJsensible seems4852VVZseem to4853TOto be4854VBbe doing4855VVGdo a4856DTa lot4857NNlot of4858INof the4859DTthe work4860NNwork there4861RBthere ,4862,, in4863INin contrast4864NNcontrast to4865TOto the4866DTthe language4867NNlanguage that4868IN/thatthat Justice4869NPJustice Kavanaugh4870NPKavanaugh read4871VVDread .4872SENT. And4873CCand ,4874,, again4875RBagain ,4876,, this4877DTthis goes4878VVZgo back4879RBback to4880TOto the4881DTthe question4882NNquestion of4883INof what4884WPwhat you4885PPyou 're4886VBPbe supposed4887VVNsuppose to4888TOto do4889VVdo in4890INin tort4891NNtort and4892CCand what4893WPwhat you4894PPyou 're4895VBPbe supposed4896VVNsuppose to4897TOto do4898VVdo in4899INin contract4900NNcontract .4901SENT. I4902PPI always4903RBalways thought4904VVDthink that4905IN/thatthat the4906DTthe contract4907NNcontract rule4908NNrule is4909VBZbe that4910IN/thatthat you4911PPyou view4912VVPview as4913INas sensible4914NNsensible whatever4915WDTwhatever the4916DTthe parties4917NNSparty chose4918VVDchoose ,4919,, that4920IN/thatthat there4921EXthere is4922VBZbe not4923RBnot ...4924:... you4925PPyou know4926VVPknow ,4927,, courts4928NNScourt are4929VBPbe not4930RBnot here4931RBhere to4932TOto decide4933VVdecide what4934WPwhat 's4935VBZbe sensible4936JJsensible or4937CCor what4938WPwhat 's4939VBZbe efficient4940JJefficient .4941SENT. If4942INif the4943DTthe parties4944NNSparty chose4945VVDchoose something4946NNsomething ,4947,, that4948WDTthat 's4949VBZbe by4950INby definition4951NNdefinition sensible4952NNsensible and4953CCand efficient4954JJefficient .4955SENT. [MR. PHILLIPS]4956LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] I4957PPI do4958VVPdo n't4959RBn't ...4960:... I4961PPI mean4962VVPmean ,4963,, obviously4964RBobviously ,4965,, in4966INin the4967DTthe abstract4968JJabstract ,4969,, I4970PPI do4971VVPdo n't4972RBn't ...4973:... I4974PPI do4975VVPdo n't4976RBn't disagree4977VVdisagree with4978INwith that4979DTthat proposition4980NNproposition .4981SENT. The4982DTthe question4983NNquestion is4984VBZbe ,4985,, was4986VBDbe this4987DTthis language4988NNlanguage meant4989VVDmean to4990TOto carry4991VVcarry as4992INas much4993JJmuch water4994NNwater as4995RBas ...4996:... as4997INas the4998DTthe ...4999:... as5000INas the5001DTthe other5002JJother side5003NNside would5004MDwould ask5005VVask it5006PPit to5007TOto carry5008VVcarry ?5009SENT? And5010CCand ,5011,, again5012RBagain ,5013,, I5014PPI would5015MDwould go5016VVgo back5017RBback to5018TOto the5019DTthe other5020JJother language5021NNlanguage ,5022,, the5023DTthe exceptions5024NNSexception clause5025NNclause .5026SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5027LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Well5028UHWell ...5029:... [MR. PHILLIPS]5030LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] ...5031:... which5032WDTwhich talks5033VVZtalk about5034RBabout unless5035INunless otherwise5036RBotherwise in5037INin this5038DTthis charter5039NNcharter expressly5040RBexpressly exempted5041VVNexempt ,5042,, they5043PPthey shall5044MDshall not5045RBnot be5046VBbe responsible5047JJresponsible for5048INfor any5049DTany loss5050NNloss arising5051VVGarise out5052RPout of5053INof the5054DTthe peril5055NNperil of5056INof the5057DTthe sea5058NNsea .5059SENT. It5060PPit does5061VVZdo n't5062RBn't seem5063VVseem to5064TOto me5065PPme under5066INunder those5067DTthose circumstances5068NNScircumstance that5069IN/thatthat this5070DTthis ...5071:... that5072DTthat ...5073:... that5074IN/thatthat the5075DTthe provision5076NNprovision on5077INon the5078DTthe safe5079JJsafe berth5080NNberth envisions5081VVZenvision that5082IN/thatthat we5083PPwe are5084VBPbe taking5085VVGtake on5086INon the5087DTthe responsibility5088NNresponsibility for5089INfor everything5090NNeverything that5091WDTthat can5092MDcan happen5093VVhappen that5094WDTthat would5095MDwould be5096VBbe a5097DTa peril5098NNperil of5099INof the5100DTthe sea5101NNsea or5102CCor that5103WDTthat would5104MDwould be5105VBbe an5106DTan abnormal5107JJabnormal occurrence5108NNoccurrence .5109SENT. I5110PPI would5111MDwould say5112VVsay that5113IN/thatthat the5114DTthe Court5115NPCourt ought5116MDought to5117TOto draw5118VVdraw that5119DTthat line5120NNline .5121SENT. And5122CCand whether5123INwhether it5124PPit draws5125VVZdraw that5126IN/thatthat line5127NNline as5128INas a5129DTa matter5130NNmatter of5131INof due5132JJdue diligence5133NNdiligence in5134INin tort5135NNtort concepts5136NNSconcept or5137CCor whether5138INwhether it5139PPit draws5140VVZdraw that5141IN/thatthat line5142NNline as5143INas the5144DTthe better5145JJRgood way5146NNway to5147TOto read5148VVread this5149DTthis particular5150JJparticular contract5151NNcontract ,5152,, I5153PPI 'm5154VBPbe perfectly5155RBperfectly comfortable5156JJcomfortable with5157INwith that5158DTthat .5159SENT. And5160CCand even5161RBeven if5162INif the5163DTthe Court5164NPCourt thinks5165VVZthink that5166IN/thatthat there5167EXthere ought5168MDought to5169TOto be5170VBbe a5171DTa remand5172NNremand to5173TOto determine5174VVdetermine whether5175INwhether this5176DTthis was5177VBDbe an5178DTan abnormal5179JJabnormal occurrence5180NNoccurrence or5181CCor whether5182INwhether this5183DTthis was5184VBDbe a5185DTa peril5186NNperil of5187INof the5188DTthe sea5189NNsea ,5190,, that5191WDTthat would5192MDwould be5193VBbe fine5194JJfine too5195RBtoo ,5196,, because5197INbecause the5198DTthe answer5199NNanswer to5200TOto the5201DTthe question5202NNquestion is5203VBZbe this5204DTthis is5205VBZbe clearly5206RBclearly a5207DTa peril5208NNperil of5209INof the5210DTthe sea5211NNsea .5212SENT. The5213DTthe Supreme5214NPSupreme Court5215NPCourt ...5216:... this5217DTthis Court5218NPCourt said5219VVDsay as5220RBas much5221RBmuch in5222INin G5223NPG .5224SENT. R5225LSr .5226SENT. Booth5227NNbooth already5228RBalready .5229SENT. And5230CCand ...5231:... and5232CCand is5233VBZbe this5234DTthis an5235DTan abnormal5236JJabnormal occurrence5237NNoccurrence ?5238SENT? The5239DTthe idea5240NNidea of5241INof a5242DTa ten-ton5243NNten-ton anchor5244VVPanchor that5245IN/thatthat leaps5246NNSleap ...5247:... floops5248NNSfloops up5249RBup ,5250,, catches5251VVZcatch my5252PP$my ...5253:... my5254PP$my ...5255:... my5256PP$my ...5257:... this5258DTthis ship5259NNship ,5260,, floops5261NNSfloops down5262RBdown again5263RBagain ,5264,, that5265WDTthat is5266VBZbe not5267RBnot only5268RBonly an5269DTan abnormal5270JJabnormal occurrence5271NNoccurrence ...5272:... and5273CCand this5274DTthis is5275VBZbe a5276DTa bad5277JJbad pun5278NNpun ...5279:... but5280CCbut that5281DTthat is5282VBZbe maybe5283RBmaybe the5284DTthe flukiest5285JJSfluky outcome5286NNoutcome imaginable5287JJimaginable .5288SENT. [5289SYM[ LAUGHTER5290NNlaughter ]5291SYM] [MR. PHILLIPS]5292LOC[MR. PHILLIPS] I5293PPI knew5294VVDknow I5295PPI 'd5296MDwould get5297VVget somebody5298NNsomebody .5299SENT. If5300INif there5301EXthere are5302VBPbe no5303RBno further5304JJRfurther questions5305NNSquestion ,5306,, I5307PPI 'll5308MDwill reserve5309VVreserve the5310DTthe balance5311NNbalance of5312INof my5313PP$my time5314NNtime ,5315,, Your5316PP$your Honor5317NPHonor .5318SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]5319LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Thank5320VVthank you5321PPyou ,5322,, counsel5323NNcounsel .5324SENT. Ms5325NNMs .5326SENT. Ross5327NPRoss .5328SENT.