[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]1LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
We2PPwe
'll3MDwill
hear4VVhear
argument5NNargument
next6JJnext
in7INin
Case8NPCase
17-7739CD@card@
,10,,
Culbertson11NPCulbertson
versus12CCversus
Berryhill13NPBerryhill
.14SENT.
Mr15NPMr
.16SENT.
Ortiz17NPOrtiz
.18SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]19LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Mr20NPMr
.21SENT.
Chief22NPChief
Justice23NPJustice
,24,,
and25CCand
may26MDmay
it27PPit
please28VVplease
the29DTthe
Court30NPCourt
:31::
This32DTthis
case33NNcase
turns34VVZturn
on35INon
the36DTthe
meaning37NNmeaning
of38INof
two39CDtwo
words40NNSword
in41INin
Section42NPSection
40643CD@card@
(44((
b45LSb
)46))
,47,,
"48``"
such49JJsuch
representation50NNrepresentation
.51SENT.
"52``"
Do53VVPdo
they54PPthey
refer55VVPrefer
to56TOto
work57VVwork
done58VVNdo
only59RBonly
before60INbefore
the61DTthe
court62NNcourt
,63,,
the64DTthe
only65JJonly
representation66NNrepresentation
discussed67VVNdiscuss
in68INin
Section69NPSection
40670CD@card@
(71((
b72LSb
)73))
itself74PPitself
,75,,
or76CCor
do77VVPdo
they78PPthey
also79RBalso
include80VVPinclude
work81NNwork
done82VVNdo
before83INbefore
the84DTthe
agency85NNagency
,86,,
which87WDTwhich
is88VBZbe
subject89JJsubject
to90TOto
a91DTa
separate92JJseparate
award93NNaward
mechanism94NNmechanism
in95INin
Section96NPSection
1897CD@card@
40698CD@card@
(99((
a100DTa
)101))
?102SENT?
In103INin
this104DTthis
case105NNcase
,106,,
Your107PP$your
Honors108NNShonors
,109,,
the110DTthe
statute111NNstatute
's112POS's
text113NNtext
,114,,
its115PP$its
structure116NNstructure
,117,,
its118PP$its
purposes119NNSpurpose
,120,,
and121CCand
its122PP$its
history123NNhistory
all124RBall
confirm125VVPconfirm
that126IN/thatthat
Section127NPSection
406128CD@card@
(129((
b130LSb
)131))
's132POS's
cap133NNcap
applies134VVZapply
only135RBonly
to136TOto
work137VVwork
done138VVNdo
in139INin
court140NNcourt
.141SENT.
First142RBfirst
,143,,
the144DTthe
text145NNtext
:146::
Section147NNsection
406148CD@card@
(149((
b150LSb
)151))
references152VVZreference
explicitly153RBexplicitly
and154CCand
only155RBonly
work156VVwork
done157VVNdo
in158INin
the159DTthe
court160NNcourt
.161SENT.
It162PPit
's163VBZbe
a164DTa
single165JJsingle
sentence166NNsentence
.167SENT.
It168PPit
says169VVZsay
whenever170WRBwhenever
a171DTa
court172NNcourt
renders173VVZrender
a174DTa
judgment175NNjudgment
favorable176JJfavorable
to177TOto
a178DTa
claimant179NNclaimant
who180WPwho
is181VBZbe
represented182VVNrepresent
before183INbefore
the184DTthe
court185NNcourt
by186INby
an187DTan
attorney188NNattorney
,189,,
the190DTthe
court191NNcourt
may192MDmay
allow193VVallow
a194DTa
reasonable195JJreasonable
fee196NNfee
for197INfor
such198JJsuch
representation199NNrepresentation
.200SENT.
The201DTthe
dictionary202NNdictionary
meaning203NNmeaning
of204INof
the205DTthe
word206NNword
"207``"
such208JJsuch
,209,,
"210''"
of211INof
the212DTthe
sort213NNsort
previously214RBpreviously
mentioned215VVNmention
,216,,
confirms217VVZconfirm
what218WPwhat
is219VBZbe
commonsensical220JJcommonsensical
.221SENT.
So222RBso
does223VVZdo
the224DTthe
doctrine225NNdoctrine
of226INof
the227DTthe
canon228NNcanon
of229INof
expressio230NNexpressio
unius231NNunius
.232SENT.
Section233NNsection
406234CD@card@
(235((
a236DTa
)237))
,238,,
by239INby
contrast240NNcontrast
,241,,
speaks242VVZspeak
of243INof
work244NNwork
done245VVNdo
before246INbefore
the247DTthe
commissioner248NNcommissioner
.249SENT.
Section250NNsection
406251CD@card@
(252((
b253LSb
)254))
speaks255VVZspeak
only256RBonly
of257INof
work258NNwork
done259VVNdo
before260INbefore
the261DTthe
court262NNcourt
.263SENT.
Congress264NPCongress
also265RBalso
,266,,
Your267PP$your
Honor268NPHonor
,269,,
knew270VVDknow
how271WRBhow
to272TOto
create273VVcreate
an274DTan
aggregate275JJaggregate
cap276NNcap
if277INif
it278PPit
wanted279VVDwant
to280TOto
.281SENT.
In282INin
Section283NPSection
406284CD@card@
(285((
a286DTa
)287))
(288((
2289LS2
)290))
(291((
C292NPC
)293))
,294,,
it295PPit
creates296VVZcreate
an297DTan
aggregate298JJaggregate
cap299NNcap
for300INfor
claims301NNSclaim
in302INin
cases303NNScase
involving304VVGinvolve
both305DTboth
claims306NNSclaim
under307INunder
Title308NPTitle
2309CD2
and310CCand
Title311NPTitle
16312CD@card@
,313,,
and314CCand
it315PPit
uses316VVZuse
the317DTthe
words318NNSword
"319''"
in320INin
the321DTthe
aggregate322NNaggregate
.323SENT.
"324''"
Congress325NPCongress
likewise326RBlikewise
knew327VVDknow
how328WRBhow
to329TOto
create330VVcreate
offsets331NNSoffset
,332,,
as333INas
it334PPit
did335VVDdo
in336INin
the337DTthe
Equal338NPEqual
Access339NPAccess
to340TOto
Justice341NPJustice
Act342NPAct
.343SENT.
Also344RBalso
,345,,
Your346PP$your
Honors347NNShonors
,348,,
the349DTthe
structure350NNstructure
of351INof
the352DTthe
Act353NPAct
makes354VVZmake
this355DTthis
clear356JJclear
.357SENT.
In358INin
Gisbrecht359NPGisbrecht
,360,,
this361DTthis
Court362NPCourt
defined363VVNdefine
...364:...
said365VVDsay
that366IN/thatthat
the367DTthe
statute368NNstatute
handles369VVZhandle
discretely370RBdiscretely
claims371NNSclaim
for372INfor
work373NNwork
before374INbefore
the375DTthe
agency376NNagency
and377CCand
claims378NNSclaim
before379INbefore
the380DTthe
court381NNcourt
.382SENT.
[JUSTICE GINSBURG]383LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG]
Can384MDcan
I385PPI
ask386VVask
you387PPyou
a388DTa
question389NNquestion
about390INabout
the391DTthe
...392:...
the393DTthe
cap394NNcap
?395SENT?
You396PPyou
're397VBPbe
saying398VVGsay
there399EXthere
's400VBZbe
a401DTa
cap402NNcap
in403INin
(404((
b405LSb
)406))
and407CCand
that408DTthat
applies409VVZapply
to410TOto
court411NNcourt
services412NNSservice
,413,,
not414RBnot
to415TOto
services416NNSservice
before417INbefore
the418DTthe
agency419NNagency
.420SENT.
But421CCbut
is422VBZbe
there423RBthere
a424DTa
...425:...
a426DTa
cap427NNcap
on428INon
the429DTthe
amount430NNamount
that431WDTthat
can432MDcan
be433VBbe
taken434VVNtake
from435INfrom
the436DTthe
plaintiff437NNplaintiff
's438POS's
recovery439NNrecovery
?440SENT?
That441DTthat
is442VBZbe
,443,,
let444VVlet
's445VBZbe
say446VVsay
that447WDTthat
we448PPwe
...449:...
we450PPwe
agree451VVPagree
with452INwith
you453PPyou
that454IN/thatthat
the455DTthe
(456((
b457LSb
)458))
cap459NNcap
is460VBZbe
for461INfor
court462NNcourt
only463RBonly
.464SENT.
It465PPit
does466VVZdo
n't467RBn't
apply468VVapply
to469TOto
administrative470JJadministrative
services471NNSservice
.472SENT.
Can473MDcan
more474RBRmore
be475VBbe
taken476VVNtake
from477INfrom
the478DTthe
plaintiff479NNplaintiff
's480POS's
recovery481NNrecovery
than482INthan
,483,,
what484WPwhat
is485VBZbe
it486PPit
,487,,
percent488NNpercent
?489SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]490LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
No491NPNo
,492,,
Justice493NPJustice
Ginsburg494NPGinsburg
.495SENT.
The496DTthe
agency497NNagency
has498VHZhave
taken499VVNtake
the500DTthe
position501NNposition
,502,,
which503WDTwhich
is504VBZbe
not505RBnot
contested506VVNcontest
in507INin
this508DTthis
litigation509NNlitigation
,510,,
that511IN/thatthat
there512EXthere
's513VBZbe
a514DTa
separate515JJseparate
25516CD@card@
percent517NNpercent
pay518NNpay
cap519NNcap
which520WDTwhich
applied521VVDapply
.522SENT.
They523PPthey
will524MDwill
set525VVset
aside526RPaside
the527DTthe
amount528NNamount
of529INof
past-due530JJpast-due
benefits531NNSbenefit
and532CCand
withhold533VVwithhold
the534DTthe
25535CD@card@
percent536NNpercent
for537INfor
the538DTthe
payment539NNpayment
of540INof
attorney541NNattorney
's542POS's
fees543NNSfee
under544INunder
both545DTboth
406546CD@card@
(547((
b548LSb
)549))
and550CCand
406551CD@card@
(552((
a553DTa
)554))
.555SENT.
So556RBso
that557DTthat
is558VBZbe
an559DTan
upward560JJupward
limit561NNlimit
in562INin
this563DTthis
case564NNcase
.565SENT.
This566DTthis
case567NNcase
...568:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]569LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I570PPI
do571VVPdo
have572VHhave
a573DTa
question574NNquestion
about575INabout
that576DTthat
.577SENT.
I578PPI
'm579VBPbe
troubled580VVNtrouble
by581INby
the582DTthe
idea583NNidea
of584INof
attorneys585NNSattorney
attempting586VVGattempt
to587TOto
collect588VVcollect
fees589NNSfee
directly590RBdirectly
from591INfrom
their592PP$their
clients593NNSclient
.594SENT.
Now595RBnow
I596PPI
understand597VVPunderstand
from598INfrom
the599DTthe
briefing600NNbriefing
that601IN/thatthat
you602PPyou
can603MDcan
't604RB't
garnish605NNgarnish
disability606NNdisability
benefits607NNSbenefit
,608,,
so609RBso
if610INif
you611PPyou
do612VVPdo
n't613RBn't
get614VVget
paid615VVNpay
your616PP$your
percentage617NNpercentage
,618,,
you619PPyou
can620MDcan
't621RB't
garnish622NNgarnish
disability623NNdisability
benefits624NNSbenefit
.625SENT.
But626CCbut
how627WRBhow
can628MDcan
you629PPyou
collect630VVcollect
otherwise631RBotherwise
?632SENT?
You633PPyou
do634VVPdo
n't635RBn't
collect636VVcollect
over637INover
the638DTthe
fund639NNfund
that640IN/thatthat
Justice641NPJustice
Ginsburg642NPGinsburg
is643VBZbe
describing644VVGdescribe
.645SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]646LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
No647NPNo
,648,,
Your649PP$your
Honor650NPHonor
...651:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]652LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
The653DTthe
retained654JJretained
amount655NNamount
.656SENT.
Do657VVPdo
n't658RBn't
you659PPyou
think660VVPthink
that661IN/thatthat
Congress662NPCongress
would663MDwould
n't664RBn't
have665VHhave
wanted666VVNwant
Social667NPSocial
Security668NPSecurity
recipients669NNSrecipient
to670TOto
be671VBbe
hounded672VVNhound
by673INby
collection674NNcollection
efforts675NNSeffort
?676SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]677LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Well678UHWell
,679,,
Your680PP$your
Honor681NPHonor
,682,,
first683RBfirst
,684,,
I685PPI
want686VVPwant
to687TOto
correct688VVcorrect
what689WPwhat
may690MDmay
be691VBbe
a692DTa
misconception693NNmisconception
.694SENT.
It695PPit
is696VBZbe
not697RBnot
the698DTthe
case699NNcase
that700IN/thatthat
when701WRBwhen
the702DTthe
25703CD@card@
percent704NNpercent
authorization705NNauthorization
cap706NNcap
is707VBZbe
used708VVNuse
up709RPup
,710,,
that711DTthat
attorneys712NNSattorney
,713,,
if714INif
they715PPthey
want716VVPwant
to717TOto
recover718VVrecover
fees719NNSfee
beyond720INbeyond
that721DTthat
,722,,
would723MDwould
...724:...
beyond725INbeyond
the726DTthe
amount727NNamount
withheld728VVDwithhold
,729,,
would730MDwould
actually731RBactually
have732VHhave
to733TOto
go734VVgo
against735INagainst
the736DTthe
claimant737NNclaimant
directly738RBdirectly
.739SENT.
In740INin
any741DTany
case742NNcase
,743,,
when744WRBwhen
there745EXthere
is746VBZbe
an747DTan
EAJA748NPEAJA
award749NNaward
,750,,
as751INas
there752EXthere
are753VBPbe
in754INin
over755INover
40756CD@card@
percent757NNpercent
of758INof
these759DTthese
cases760NNScase
,761,,
and762CCand
the763DTthe
EAJA764NPEAJA
award765NNaward
is766VBZbe
equal767JJequal
to768TOto
or769CCor
exceeds770VVZexceed
the771DTthe
406772CD@card@
(773((
a774DTa
)775))
award776NNaward
,777,,
the778DTthe
attorney779NNattorney
can780MDcan
actually781RBactually
get782VVget
the783DTthe
money784NNmoney
from785INfrom
the786DTthe
amount787NNamount
that788IN/thatthat
the789DTthe
agency790NNagency
is791VBZbe
still792RBstill
withholding793VVGwithhold
.794SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]795LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I796PPI
understood797VVDunderstand
here798RBhere
there799EXthere
was800VBDbe
some801DTsome
EAJA802NPEAJA
money803NNmoney
that804IN/thatthat
you805PPyou
could806MDcould
have807VHhave
received808VVNreceive
.809SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]810LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yeah811NPYeah
.812SENT.
So813RBso
in814INin
this815DTthis
...816:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]817LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
But818CCbut
I819PPI
'm820VBPbe
talking821VVGtalk
about822INabout
the823DTthe
extreme824JJextreme
possibility825NNpossibility
...826:...
[MR. ORTIZ]827LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yeah828NPYeah
.829SENT.
In830INin
this831DTthis
...832:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]833LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
...834:...
where835WRBwhere
there836EXthere
's837VBZbe
a838DTa
small839JJsmall
EAJA840NPEAJA
award841NNaward
,842,,
but843CCbut
you844PPyou
get845VVPget
50846CD@card@
percent847NNpercent
of848INof
the849DTthe
recovery850NNrecovery
.851SENT.
Are852VBPbe
we853PPwe
going854VVGgo
to855TOto
have856VHhave
people857NNSpeople
garnishing858VVGgarnish
something859NNsomething
or860CCor
attaching861VVGattach
something862NNsomething
that863WDTthat
belongs864VVZbelong
to865TOto
clients866NNSclient
?867SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]868LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Not869RBnot
in870INin
most871JJSmost
cases872NNScase
,873,,
Your874PP$your
Honor875NPHonor
.876SENT.
In877INin
most878JJSmost
cases879NNScase
,880,,
it881PPit
makes882VVZmake
no883DTno
economic884JJeconomic
sense885NNsense
.886SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]887LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I888PPI
'm889VBPbe
not890RBnot
asking891VVGask
about892INabout
most893JJSmost
cases894NNScase
.895SENT.
I896PPI
'm897VBPbe
asking898VVGask
about899INabout
exceptions900NNSexception
.901SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]902LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Well903UHwell
,904,,
there905EXthere
would906MDwould
be907VBbe
an908DTan
...909:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]910LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
When911WRBwhen
...912:...
[MR. ORTIZ]913LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
There914EXthere
would915MDwould
be916VBbe
an917DTan
exception918NNexception
,919,,
Your920PP$your
Honor921NPHonor
,922,,
if923INif
I924PPI
were925VBDbe
representing926VVGrepresent
Bill927NPBill
Gates928NPGates
,929,,
say930VVPsay
.931SENT.
It932PPit
would933MDwould
...934:...
I935PPI
could936MDcould
go937VVgo
after938INafter
him939PPhim
for940INfor
payment941NNpayment
of942INof
the943DTthe
remaining944VVGremain
fee945NNfee
.946SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]947LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
But948CCbut
most949JJSmost
of950INof
the951DTthe
claimants952NNSclaimant
are953VBPbe
,954,,
of955INof
course956NNcourse
...957:...
do958VVPdo
not959RBnot
have960VHhave
much961JJmuch
money962NNmoney
,963,,
and964CCand
the965DTthe
statute966NNstatute
,967,,
as968INas
Justice969NPJustice
Ginsburg970NPGinsburg
says971VVZsay
,972,,
puts973VVZput
a974DTa
25975CD@card@
percent976NNpercent
cap977NNcap
on978INon
what979WPwhat
...980:...
on981INon
how982WRBhow
it983PPit
's984VBZbe
going985VVGgo
to986TOto
...987:...
the988DTthe
pool989NNpool
,990,,
I991PPI
guess992VVPguess
,993,,
is994VBZbe
the995DTthe
...996:...
from997INfrom
which998WDTwhich
it999PPit
's1000VBZbe
going1001VVGgo
to1002TOto
be1003VBbe
paid1004VVNpay
by1005INby
the1006DTthe
agency1007NNagency
.1008SENT.
Does1009VVZdo
n't1010RBn't
that1011WDTthat
suggest1012VVPsuggest
that1013IN/thatthat
Congress1014NPCongress
thought1015VVDthink
that1016IN/thatthat
there1017EXthere
would1018MDwould
be1019VBbe
an1020DTan
aggregate1021JJaggregate
cap1022NNcap
because1023INbecause
,1024,,
A1025NPA
,1026,,
there1027EXthere
is1028VBZbe
the1029DTthe
pool1030NNpool
cap1031NNcap
,1032,,
and1033CCand
then1034RBthen
,1035,,
as1036INas
Justice1037NPJustice
Sotomayor1038NPSotomayor
says1039VVZsay
,1040,,
we1041PPwe
do1042VVPdo
n't1043RBn't
expect1044VVexpect
lawyers1045NNSlawyer
to1046TOto
go1047VVgo
after1048INafter
claimants1049NNSclaimant
who1050WPwho
,1051,,
by1052INby
definition1053NNdefinition
,1054,,
often1055RBoften
can1056MDcan
't1057RB't
work1058NNwork
and1059CCand
often1060RBoften
do1061VVPdo
n't1062RBn't
have1063VHhave
much1064JJmuch
money1065NNmoney
?1066SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1067LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Well1068UHWell
,1069,,
Justice1070NPJustice
Kavanaugh1071NPKavanaugh
,1072,,
the1073DTthe
pool1074NNpool
cap1075NNcap
is1076VBZbe
a1077DTa
matter1078NNmatter
...1079:...
is1080VBZbe
a1081DTa
creature1082NNcreature
of1083INof
agency1084NNagency
work1085NNwork
,1086,,
not1087RBnot
actually1088RBactually
an1089DTan
artifact1090NNartifact
of1091INof
what1092WPwhat
Congress1093NPCongress
has1094VHZhave
done1095VVNdo
.1096SENT.
So1097RBso
it1098PPit
's1099VBZbe
...1100:...
you1101PPyou
cannot1102MDcan
impute1103VVimpute
that1104IN/thatthat
actually1105RBactually
to1106TOto
what1107WPwhat
Congress1108NPCongress
...1109:...
what1110WPwhat
Congress1111NPCongress
's1112POS's
feeling1113NNfeeling
here1114RBhere
was1115VBDbe
.1116SENT.
As1117INas
you1118PPyou
mentioned1119VVDmention
,1120,,
in1121INin
most1122JJSmost
cases1123NNScase
...1124:...
in1125INin
many1126JJmany
of1127INof
these1128DTthese
cases1129NNScase
,1130,,
the1131DTthe
claimant1132NNclaimant
will1133MDwill
be1134VBbe
judgment-proof1135JJjudgment-proof
beyond1136INbeyond
the1137DTthe
amount1138NNamount
that1139IN/thatthat
the1140DTthe
agency1141NNagency
has1142VHZhave
set1143VVNset
aside1144RPaside
.1145SENT.
And1146CCand
in1147INin
those1148DTthose
circumstances1149NNScircumstance
,1150,,
it1151PPit
makes1152VVZmake
no1153DTno
sense1154NNsense
for1155INfor
the1156DTthe
attorney1157NNattorney
to1158TOto
go1159VVgo
after1160INafter
the1161DTthe
claimant1162NNclaimant
.1163SENT.
The1164DTthe
claimant1165NNclaimant
...1166:...
the1167DTthe
attorney1168NNattorney
...1169:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]1170LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
The1171DTthe
answer1172NNanswer
...1173:...
the1174DTthe
answer1175NNanswer
...1176:...
the1177DTthe
answer1178NNanswer
is1179VBZbe
,1180,,
am1181VBPbe
I1182PPI
right1183JJright
,1184,,
that1185WDTthat
...1186:...
that1187IN/thatthat
,1188,,
look1189VVlook
,1190,,
for1191INfor
what1192WDTwhat
...1193:...
in1194INin
an1195DTan
EAJA1196NPEAJA
case1197NNcase
,1198,,
where1199WRBwhere
you1200PPyou
collect1201VVPcollect
the1202DTthe
money1203NNmoney
from1204INfrom
the1205DTthe
government1206NNgovernment
,1207,,
the1208DTthe
lawyer1209NNlawyer
gets1210VVZget
money1211NNmoney
from1212INfrom
...1213:...
he1214PPhe
takes1215VVZtake
the1216DTthe
fee1217NNfee
out1218RPout
of1219INof
that1220DTthat
,1221,,
is1222VBZbe
that1223DTthat
right1224NNright
?1225SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1226LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
The1227NPThe
...1228:...
the1229DTthe
attorney1230NNattorney
has1231VHZhave
to1232TOto
effectively1233RBeffectively
return1234VVreturn
the1235DTthe
lesser1236JJRlesser
of1237INof
the1238DTthe
EAJA1239NPEAJA
fee1240NNfee
81241CD8
or1242CCor
the1243DTthe
4061244CD@card@
(1245((
b1246LSb
)1247))
...1248:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]1249LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
Okay1250NPOkay
.1251SENT.
So1252RBso
if1253INif
...1254:...
if1255INif
the1256DTthe
amount1257NNamount
from1258INfrom
the1259DTthe
client1260NNclient
is1261VBZbe
less1262JJRless
than1263INthan
the1264DTthe
EAJA1265NPEAJA
award1266NNaward
,1267,,
the1268DTthe
attorney1269NNattorney
gets1270VVZget
the1271DTthe
...1272:...
the1273DTthe
greater1274JJRgreat
amount1275NNamount
and1276CCand
returns1277VVZreturn
the1278DTthe
other1279JJother
to1280TOto
the1281DTthe
client1282NNclient
,1283,,
so1284RBso
the1285DTthe
client1286NNclient
does1287VVZdo
n't1288RBn't
pay1289VVpay
,1290,,
okay1291RBokay
,1292,,
anything1293NNanything
perhaps1294RBperhaps
.1295SENT.
If1296INif
there1297EXthere
's1298VBZbe
no1299DTno
EAJA1300NPEAJA
award1301NNaward
,1302,,
so1303RBso
take1304VVtake
that1305IN/thatthat
out1306RBout
of1307INof
the1308DTthe
picture1309NNpicture
,1310,,
and1311CCand
you1312PPyou
win1313VVPwin
this1314DTthis
case1315NNcase
,1316,,
there1317EXthere
's1318VBZbe
yet1319RByet
another1320DTanother
check1321NNcheck
that1322WDTthat
has1323VHZhave
to1324TOto
be1325VBbe
a1326DTa
reasonable1327JJreasonable
fee1328NNfee
,1329,,
and1330CCand
the1331DTthe
...1332:...
the1333DTthe
judge1334NNjudge
is1335VBZbe
in1336INin
charge1337NNcharge
of1338INof
that1339DTthat
.1340SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]1341LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yes1342NPYes
,1343,,
Your1344PP$your
Honor1345NPHonor
.1346SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]1347LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
All1348DTall
right1349NNright
.1350SENT.
Okay1351JJokay
.1352SENT.
So1353RBso
it1354PPit
has1355VHZhave
to1356TOto
escape1357VVescape
that1358DTthat
.1359SENT.
But1360CCbut
,1361,,
if1362INif
it1363PPit
does1364VVZdo
escape1365VVescape
that1366IN/thatthat
,1367,,
then1368RBthen
the1369DTthe
lawyer1370NNlawyer
can1371MDcan
get1372VVget
up1373RPup
to1374TOto
501375CD@card@
percent1376NNpercent
.1377SENT.
That1378DTthat
's1379VBZbe
the1380DTthe
answer1381NNanswer
,1382,,
is1383VBZbe
that1384DTthat
right1385NNright
?1386SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1387LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
The1388DTthe
lawyer1389NNlawyer
can1390MDcan
be1391VBbe
authorized1392VVNauthorize
for1393INfor
501394CD@card@
percent1395NNpercent
.1396SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]1397LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
Yeah1398NPYeah
,1399,,
yeah1400RByeah
,1401,,
yeah1402RByeah
.1403SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]1404LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
That1405DTthat
's1406VBZbe
possible1407JJpossible
.1408SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]1409LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
Look1410NPLook
,1411,,
the1412DTthe
lawyer1413NNlawyer
can1414MDcan
be1415VBbe
authorized1416VVNauthorize
...1417:...
I1418PPI
mean1419VVPmean
,1420,,
I1421PPI
'm1422VBPbe
not1423RBnot
trying1424VVGtry
to1425TOto
...1426:...
I1427PPI
'm1428VBPbe
just1429RBjust
trying1430VVGtry
to1431TOto
find1432VVfind
...1433:...
get1434VVget
the1435DTthe
thing1436NNthing
straight1437RBstraight
in1438INin
my1439PP$my
mind1440NNmind
.1441SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]1442LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yes1443NPYes
,1444,,
it1445PPit
's1446VBZbe
possible1447JJpossible
.1448SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]1449LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
No1450NPNo
EAJA1451NPEAJA
fee1452NNfee
of1453INof
a1454DTa
greater1455JJRgreat
amount1456NNamount
.1457SENT.
The1458DTthe
judge1459NNjudge
does1460VVZdo
n't1461RBn't
say1462VVsay
it1463PPit
's1464VBZbe
an1465DTan
unreasonable1466JJunreasonable
thing1467NNthing
to1468TOto
do1469VVdo
.1470SENT.
And1471CCand
the1472DTthe
client1473NNclient
has1474VHZhave
the1475DTthe
money1476NNmoney
.1477SENT.
And1478CCand
then1479RBthen
you1480PPyou
could1481MDcould
bring1482VVbring
it1483PPit
up1484RPup
to1485TOto
percent1486NNpercent
?1487SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1488LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yes1489NPYes
,1490,,
Your1491PP$your
Honor1492NPHonor
.1493SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]1494LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
And1495CCand
your1496PP$your
argument1497NNargument
against1498INagainst
that1499DTthat
is1500VBZbe
that1501WDTthat
's1502VBZbe
like1503INlike
the1504DTthe
null1505JJnull
set1506NNset
,1507,,
unless1508INunless
Gates1509NPGates
happens1510VVZhappen
to1511TOto
be1512VBbe
on1513INon
welfare1514NNwelfare
,1515,,
which1516WDTwhich
I1517PPI
think1518VVPthink
he1519PPhe
is1520VBZbe
n't1521RBn't
.1522SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]1523LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yes1524NPYes
.1525SENT.
Well1526UHwell
,1527,,
it1528PPit
would1529MDwould
make1530VVmake
no1531DTno
sense1532NNsense
for1533INfor
an1534DTan
attorney1535NNattorney
to1536TOto
waste1537VVwaste
his1538PP$his
or1539CCor
her1540PP$her
time1541NNtime
pursuing1542VVGpursue
such1543JJsuch
claimants1544NNSclaimant
,1545,,
go1546VVPgo
...1547:...
go1548VVgo
after1549INafter
people1550NNSpeople
who1551WPwho
are1552VBPbe
essentially1553RBessentially
judgment-proof1554JJjudgment-proof
,1555,,
Your1556PP$your
Honor1557NPHonor
.1558SENT.
And1559CCand
I1560PPI
...1561:...
it1562PPit
's1563VBZbe
my1564PP$my
understanding1565NNunderstanding
that1566WDTthat
's1567VBZbe
actually1568RBactually
how1569WRBhow
the1570DTthe
work1571NNwork
...1572:...
the1573DTthe
world1574NNworld
works1575VVZwork
in1576INin
practice1577NNpractice
.1578SENT.
The1579DTthe
amicus1580NNamicus
's1581POS's
brief1582NNbrief
...1583:...
the1584DTthe
...1585:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1586LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I1587PPI
have1588VHPhave
a1589DTa
question1590NNquestion
that1591WDTthat
bothers1592VVZbother
me1593PPme
greatly1594RBgreatly
about1595INabout
this1596DTthis
whole1597JJwhole
litigation1598NNlitigation
.1599SENT.
It1600PPit
seems1601VVZseem
like1602INlike
your1603PP$your
interests1604NNSinterest
are1605VBPbe
contrary1606JJcontrary
to1607TOto
your1608PP$your
client1609NNclient
's1610POS's
interests1611NNSinterest
,1612,,
meaning1613VVGmean
your1614PP$your
client1615NNclient
under1616INunder
no1617DTno
circumstance1618NNcircumstance
should1619MDshould
want1620VVwant
the1621DTthe
danger1622NNdanger
of1623INof
paying1624VVGpay
more1625JJRmore
than1626INthan
the1627DTthe
251628CD@card@
percent1629NNpercent
aggregate1630NNaggregate
.1631SENT.
So1632RBso
should1633MDshould
n't1634RBn't
you1635PPyou
have1636VHPhave
gotten1637VVNget
a1638DTa
different1639JJdifferent
lawyer1640NNlawyer
for1641INfor
her1642PPher
in1643INin
some1644DTsome
point1645NNpoint
in1646INin
this1647DTthis
litigation1648NNlitigation
earlier1649RBRearlier
than1650INthan
here1651RBhere
?1652SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1653LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
No1654NPNo
,1655,,
Your1656PP$your
Honor1657NPHonor
.1658SENT.
Our1659PP$our
client1660NNclient
has1661VHZhave
actually1662RBactually
been1663VBNbe
notified1664VVNnotify
every1665DTevery
step1666NNstep
along1667INalong
the1668DTthe
way1669NNway
about1670INabout
what1671WPwhat
...1672:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1673LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
That1674DTthat
's1675VBZbe
not1676RBnot
true1677JJtrue
consent1678NNconsent
.1679SENT.
At1680INat
least1681JJSleast
when1682WRBwhen
I1683PPI
was1684VBDbe
a1685DTa
district1686NNdistrict
court1687NNcourt
judge1688NNjudge
,1689,,
you1690PPyou
had1691VHDhave
to1692TOto
not1693RBnot
only1694RBonly
advise1695VVadvise
her1696PPher
but1697CCbut
advise1698VVadvise
her1699PPher
of1700INof
the1701DTthe
potential1702JJpotential
conflict1703NNconflict
and1704CCand
advise1705VVadvise
her1706PPher
to1707TOto
seek1708VVseek
separate1709JJseparate
counsel1710NNcounsel
.1711SENT.
Was1712VBDbe
that1713RBthat
done1714VVNdo
?1715SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1716LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
I1717PPI
do1718VVPdo
n't1719RBn't
believe1720VVbelieve
that1721IN/thatthat
that1722WDTthat
was1723VBDbe
done1724VVNdo
in1725INin
this1726DTthis
case1727NNcase
.1728SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1729LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I1730PPI
...1731:...
I1732PPI
am1733VBPbe
troubled1734VVNtrouble
by1735INby
these1736DTthese
fee1737NNfee
disputes1738VVZdispute
because1739INbecause
I1740PPI
want1741VVPwant
...1742:...
often1743RBoften
wonder1744VVPwonder
if1745INif
clients1746NNSclient
are1747VBPbe
being1748VBGbe
adequately1749RBadequately
represented1750VVNrepresent
once1751INonce
the1752DTthe
dispute1753NNdispute
moves1754VVZmove
from1755INfrom
the1756DTthe
main1757JJmain
case1758NNcase
and1759CCand
into1760INinto
how1761WRBhow
much1762JJmuch
you1763PPyou
're1764VBPbe
entitled1765VVNentitle
to1766TOto
.1767SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]1768LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
But1769CCbut
,1770,,
in1771INin
this1772DTthis
case1773NNcase
,1774,,
Your1775PP$your
Honor1776NPHonor
,1777,,
not1778RBnot
only1779RBonly
was1780VBDbe
Ms1781NNMs
.1782SENT.
Wood1783NPWood
informed1784VVDinform
of1785INof
what1786WPwhat
was1787VBDbe
happening1788VVGhappen
,1789,,
but1790CCbut
she1791PPshe
had1792VHDhave
consented1793VVNconsent
to1794TOto
it1795PPit
.1796SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1797LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Not1798RBnot
without1799INwithout
being1800VBGbe
told1801VVNtell
of1802INof
the1803DTthe
potential1804JJpotential
conflict1805NNconflict
.1806SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]1807LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
I1808PPI
do1809VVPdo
n't1810RBn't
know1811VVknow
in-depth1812JJin-depth
how1813WRBhow
much1814JJmuch
it1815PPit
was1816VBDbe
explained1817VVNexplain
to1818TOto
her1819PPher
.1820SENT.
[JUSTICE GINSBURG]1821LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG]
Practically1822RBpractically
...1823:...
practically1824RBpractically
,1825,,
where1826WRBwhere
would1827MDwould
you1828PPyou
...1829:...
you1830PPyou
can1831MDcan
't1832RB't
get1833VVget
money1834NNmoney
out1835RPout
of1836INof
the1837DTthe
Social1838NPSocial
Security1839NPSecurity
benefits1840NNSbenefit
,1841,,
if1842INif
...1843:...
if1844INif
they1845PPthey
've1846VHPhave
been1847VBNbe
exhausted1848VVNexhaust
under1849INunder
...1850:...
under1851INunder
(1852((
b1853LSb
)1854))
for1855INfor
the1856DTthe
court1857NNcourt
work1858NNwork
.1859SENT.
So1860RBso
where1861WRBwhere
would1862MDwould
you1863PPyou
go1864VVgo
to1865TOto
get1866VVget
...1867:...
to1868TOto
get1869VVget
that1870DTthat
...1871:...
to1872TOto
get1873VVget
more1874JJRmore
than1875INthan
percent1876NNpercent
,1877,,
not1878RBnot
from1879INfrom
Social1880NPSocial
Security1881NPSecurity
benefits1882NNSbenefit
,1883,,
but1884CCbut
some1885DTsome
other1886JJother
source1887NNsource
?1888SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]1889LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Your1890PP$your
Honor1891NPHonor
,1892,,
if1893INif
there1894EXthere
are1895VBPbe
no1896DTno
EAJA1897NPEAJA
fees1898NNSfee
in1899INin
the1900DTthe
picture1901NNpicture
,1902,,
which1903WDTwhich
would1904MDwould
increase1905VVincrease
the1906DTthe
size1907NNsize
,1908,,
effectively1909RBeffectively
increase1910VVincrease
the1911DTthe
size1912NNsize
of1913INof
the1914DTthe
pot1915NNpot
,1916,,
and1917CCand
the1918DTthe
claimant1919NNclaimant
can1920MDcan
't1921RB't
pay1922VVpay
any1923DTany
more1924JJRmore
money1925NNmoney
,1926,,
you1927PPyou
would1928MDwould
take1929VVtake
your1930PP$your
lumps1931NNSlump
and1932CCand
leave1933VVleave
.1934SENT.
The1935DTthe
lawyer1936NNlawyer
at1937INat
that1938DTthat
point1939NNpoint
would1940MDwould
swallow1941VVswallow
the1942DTthe
loss1943NNloss
in1944INin
fees1945NNSfee
,1946,,
is1947VBZbe
typically1948RBtypically
what1949WPwhat
happens1950VVZhappen
.1951SENT.
There1952EXthere
's1953VBZbe
no1954DTno
sense1955NNsense
in1956INin
wasting1957VVGwaste
time1958NNtime
trying1959VVGtry
to1960TOto
squeeze1961VVsqueeze
blood1962NNblood
from1963INfrom
a1964DTa
turnip1965NNturnip
.1966SENT.
[JUSTICE GINSBURG]1967LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG]
Well1968UHWell
,1969,,
would1970MDwould
n't1971RBn't
that1972RBthat
...1973:...
if1974INif
that1975WDTthat
's1976VBZbe
the1977DTthe
general1978JJgeneral
case1979NNcase
,1980,,
then1981RBthen
what1982WPwhat
are1983VBPbe
the1984DTthe
practical1985JJpractical
consequences1986NNSconsequence
of1987INof
our1988PP$our
agreeing1989VVGagree
with1990INwith
your1991PP$your
position1992NNposition
when1993WRBwhen
you1994PPyou
can1995MDcan
't1996RB't
get1997VVget
more1998RBRmore
than1999INthan
percent2000NNpercent
out2001RPout
of2002INof
the2003DTthe
Social2004NPSocial
Security2005NPSecurity
benefits2006VVZbenefit
themselves2007PPthemselves
?2008SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]2009LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Well2010UHWell
,2011,,
the2012DTthe
practical2013JJpractical
implications2014NNSimplication
of2015INof
the2016DTthe
aggregate2017JJaggregate
cap2018NNcap
rule2019NNrule
,2020,,
Your2021PP$your
Honor2022NPHonor
,2023,,
is2024VBZbe
that2025IN/thatthat
attorneys2026NNSattorney
will2027MDwill
be2028VBbe
less2029RBRless
willing2030JJwilling
to2031TOto
take2032VVtake
on2033INon
these2034DTthese
cases2035NNScase
ex-ante2036NNex-ante
because2037INbecause
they2038PPthey
will2039MDwill
understand2040VVunderstand
that2041IN/thatthat
in2042INin
many2043JJmany
cases2044NNScase
they2045PPthey
will2046MDwill
not2047RBnot
be2048VBbe
getting2049VVGget
fees2050NNSfee
for2051INfor
work2052NNwork
in2053INin
court2054NNcourt
because2055INbecause
that2056DTthat
pool2057NNpool
will2058MDwill
have2059VHhave
been2060VBNbe
expanded2061VVNexpand
...2062:...
expended2063VVNexpend
.2064SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2065LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
How2066WRBHow
many2067JJmany
cases2068NNScase
have2069VHPhave
EAJA2070NPEAJA
awards2071NNSaward
?2072SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]2073LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
In2074INin
Gisbrecht2075NPGisbrecht
,2076,,
Your2077PP$your
Honor2078NPHonor
,2079,,
it2080PPit
...2081:...
the2082DTthe
concurrence2083NNconcurrence
mentioned2084VVDmention
that2085IN/thatthat
it2086PPit
was2087VBDbe
percent2088NNpercent
.2089SENT.
It2090PPit
's2091VBZbe
our2092PP$our
understanding2093NNunderstanding
that2094IN/thatthat
more2095JJRmore
up-to-date2096JJup-to-date
statistics2097NNSstatistic
are2098VBPbe
above2099INabove
402100CD@card@
percent2101NNpercent
to2102TOto
percent2103NNpercent
,2104,,
somewhere2105RBsomewhere
in2106INin
there2107RBthere
.2108SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2109LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
So2110RBso
in2111INin
about2112RBabout
402113CD@card@
to2114TOto
percent2115NNpercent
of2116INof
the2117DTthe
cases2118NNScase
there2119EXthere
will2120MDwill
always2121RBalways
be2122VBbe
a2123DTa
pot2124NNpot
bigger2125JJRbig
than2126INthan
the2127DTthe
252128CD@card@
percent2129NNpercent
?2130SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]2131LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yes2132NPYes
,2133,,
Your2134PP$your
Honor2135NPHonor
.2136SENT.
But2137CCbut
...2138:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2139LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
That2140DTthat
's2141VBZbe
what2142WPwhat
you2143PPyou
're2144VBPbe
fighting2145VVGfight
for2146INfor
,2147,,
is2148VBZbe
that2149IN/thatthat
252150CD@card@
percent2151NNpercent
that2152WDTthat
...2153:...
that2154DTthat
...2155:...
that2156DTthat
...2157:...
[MR. ORTIZ]2158LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Yes2159NPYes
,2160,,
but2161CCbut
the2162DTthe
aggregate2163JJaggregate
rule2164NNrule
does2165VVZdo
not2166RBnot
allow2167VVallow
the2168DTthe
attorney2169NNattorney
access2170NNaccess
to2171TOto
any2172DTany
of2173INof
that2174DTthat
.2175SENT.
The2176DTthe
non-aggregate2177JJnon-aggregate
approach2178NNapproach
which2179WDTwhich
we2180PPwe
're2181VBPbe
advocating2182VVGadvocate
does2183NNSdoe
.2184SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2185LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Does2186VVZdo
.2187SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]2188LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
So2189RBso
even2190RBeven
under2191INunder
...2192:...
so2193RBso
under2194INunder
the2195DTthe
aggregate2196JJaggregate
rule2197NNrule
,2198,,
that2199DTthat
extra2200JJextra
money2201NNmoney
under2202INunder
EAJA2203NPEAJA
is2204VBZbe
simply2205RBsimply
unavailable2206JJunavailable
to2207TOto
the2208DTthe
attorney2209NNattorney
.2210SENT.
It2211PPit
goes2212VVZgo
straight2213RBstraight
...2214:...
all2215RBall
of2216INof
it2217PPit
would2218MDwould
go2219VVgo
straight2220RBstraight
to2221TOto
the2222DTthe
client2223NNclient
.2224SENT.
Under2225INunder
our2226PP$our
approach2227NNapproach
,2228,,
that2229DTthat
attorney2230NNattorney
...2231:...
that2232DTthat
...2233:...
the2234DTthe
EAJA2235NPEAJA
award2236NNaward
is2237VBZbe
effectively2238RBeffectively
split2239VVNsplit
and2240CCand
divided2241VVNdivide
between2242INbetween
the2243DTthe
claimant2244NNclaimant
and2245CCand
the2246DTthe
attorney2247NNattorney
.2248SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2249LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
(2250((
a2251DTa
)2252))
(2253((
42254LS4
)2255))
,2256,,
I2257PPI
thought2258VVDthink
,2259,,
established2260VVDestablish
a2261DTa
252262CD@card@
percent2263NNpercent
cap2264NNcap
on2265INon
the2266DTthe
pool2267NNpool
,2268,,
the2269DTthe
statute2270NNstatute
itself2271PPitself
.2272SENT.
You2273PPyou
said2274VVDsay
it2275PPit
did2276VVDdo
n't2277RBn't
come2278VVcome
from2279INfrom
the2280DTthe
statute2281NNstatute
.2282SENT.
Maybe2283RBmaybe
I2284PPI
'm2285VBPbe
misreading2286VVGmisread
something2287NNsomething
.2288SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]2289LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
No2290NPNo
,2291,,
(2292((
a2293DTa
)2294))
(2295((
42296LS4
)2297))
is2298VBZbe
a2299DTa
little2300JJlittle
bit2301NNbit
unclear2302JJunclear
,2303,,
Your2304PP$your
Honor2305NPHonor
.2306SENT.
(2307((
a2308DTa
)2309))
(2310((
42311LS4
)2312))
talks2313NNStalk
about2314INabout
the2315DTthe
...2316:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2317LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Well2318UHwell
,2319,,
it2320PPit
seems2321VVZseem
very2322RBvery
clear2323JJclear
.2324SENT.
It2325PPit
says2326VVZsay
252327CD@card@
percent2328NNpercent
.2329SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]2330LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
No2331NPNo
,2332,,
it2333PPit
does2334VVZdo
say2335VVsay
percent2336NNpercent
.2337SENT.
But2338CCbut
it2339PPit
also2340RBalso
says2341VVZsay
the2342DTthe
maximum2343JJmaximum
fee2344NNfee
,2345,,
which2346WDTwhich
is2347VBZbe
...2348:...
is2349VBZbe
a2350DTa
technical2351JJtechnical
term2352NNterm
for2353INfor
the2354DTthe
agency2355NNagency
award2356NNaward
.2357SENT.
The2358DTthe
maximum2359JJmaximum
fee2360NNfee
is2361VBZbe
not2362RBnot
a2363DTa
term2364NNterm
from2365INfrom
4062366CD@card@
(2367((
b2368LSb
)2369))
.2370SENT.
It2371PPit
's2372VBZbe
from2373INfrom
4062374CD@card@
(2375((
a2376DTa
)2377))
.2378SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2379LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
But2380CCbut
that2381DTthat
...2382:...
that2383DTthat
pool2384NNpool
established2385VVNestablish
under2386INunder
(2387((
a2388DTa
)2389))
(2390((
42391LS4
)2392))
is2393VBZbe
the2394DTthe
only2395JJonly
pool2396NNpool
,2397,,
that2398WDTthat
Justice2399NPJustice
Ginsburg2400NPGinsburg
has2401VHZhave
been2402VBNbe
referencing2403VVGreference
,2404,,
that2405WDTthat
's2406VBZbe
the2407DTthe
only2408JJonly
pool2409NNpool
,2410,,
correct2411JJcorrect
?2412SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]2413LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
That2414DTthat
is2415VBZbe
the2416DTthe
only2417JJonly
pool2418NNpool
.2419SENT.
The2420DTthe
agency2421NNagency
does2422VVZdo
n't2423RBn't
...2424:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2425LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
And2426CCand
that2427WDTthat
's2428VBZbe
capped2429VVNcap
,2430,,
the2431DTthe
pool2432NNpool
is2433VBZbe
capped2434VVNcap
by2435INby
statute2436NNstatute
at2437INat
252438CD@card@
percent2439NNpercent
?2440SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]2441LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
No2442NPNo
,2443,,
Your2444PP$your
Honor2445NPHonor
.2446SENT.
The2447DTthe
pool2448NNpool
...2449:...
the2450DTthe
pool2451NNpool
is2452VBZbe
capped2453VVNcap
with2454INwith
respect2455NNrespect
to2456TOto
4062457CD@card@
(2458((
b2459LSb
)2460))
awards2461NNSaward
at2462INat
overall2463JJoverall
...2464:...
at2465INat
an2466DTan
overall2467NNoverall
of2468INof
percent2469NNpercent
by2470INby
the2471DTthe
agency2472NNagency
.2473SENT.
I2474PPI
believe2475VVPbelieve
my2476PP$my
friend2477NNfriend
Mr2478NNMr
.2479SENT.
Yang2480NPYang
can2481MDcan
perhaps2482RBperhaps
answer2483VVanswer
this2484DTthis
better2485RBRwell
.2486SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2487LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
The2488DTthe
regulations2489NNSregulation
interpreting2490VVGinterpret
that2491DTthat
do2492VVPdo
cap2493VVcap
the2494DTthe
pool2495NNpool
then2496RBthen
at2497INat
percent2498NNpercent
as2499INas
well2500RBwell
?2501SENT?
[MR. ORTIZ]2502LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
They2503PPthey
do2504VVPdo
.2505SENT.
But2506CCbut
I2507PPI
believe2508VVPbelieve
that2509IN/thatthat
the2510DTthe
...2511:...
the2512DTthe
...2513:...
the2514DTthe
support2515NNsupport
in2516INin
the2517DTthe
statute2518NNstatute
that2519IN/thatthat
they2520PPthey
point2521VVPpoint
to2522TOto
for2523INfor
that2524WDTthat
is2525VBZbe
not2526RBnot
anything2527NNanything
in2528INin
4062529CD@card@
(2530((
a2531DTa
)2532))
but2533CCbut
is2534VBZbe
actually2535RBactually
4062536RB@card@
(2537((
b2538LSb
)2539))
's2540POS's
language2541NNlanguage
where2542WRBwhere
it2543PPit
says2544VVZsay
that2545IN/thatthat
a2546DTa
...2547:...
that2548IN/thatthat
the2549DTthe
commissioner2550NNcommissioner
may2551MDmay
award2552VVaward
...2553:...
it2554PPit
's2555VBZbe
in2556INin
4062557CD@card@
,2558,,
it2559PPit
's2560VBZbe
on2561INon
page2562NNpage
82563CD8
(2564((
a2565DTa
)2566))
of2567INof
the2568DTthe
government2569NNgovernment
's2570POS's
opening2571NNopening
merits2572NNSmerit
brief2573JJbrief
.2574SENT.
About2575RBabout
halfway2576RBhalfway
down2577RBdown
(2578((
b2579LSb
)2580))
it2581PPit
says2582VVZsay
:2583::
And2584CCand
the2585DTthe
Commissioner2586NPCommissioner
of2587INof
Social2588NPSocial
Security2589NPSecurity
may2590MDmay
,2591,,
notwithstanding2592RBnotwithstanding
...2593:...
there2594EXthere
's2595VBZbe
a2596DTa
Section2597NNsection
4012598CD@card@
(2599((
i2600NPi
)2601))
that2602WDTthat
's2603VBZbe
titled2604VVNtitle
but2605CCbut
subject2606JJsubject
to2607TOto
subsection2608NNsubsection
D2609NND
...2610:...
certify2611VVcertify
the2612DTthe
amount2613NNamount
of2614INof
such2615JJsuch
fee2616NNfee
for2617INfor
...2618:...
for2619INfor
payment2620NNpayment
to2621TOto
such2622JJsuch
attorney2623NNattorney
out2624RPout
of2625INof
and2626CCand
not2627RBnot
in2628INin
addition2629NNaddition
to2630TOto
the2631DTthe
amount2632NNamount
of2633INof
such2634JJsuch
past-due2635JJpast-due
benefits2636NNSbenefit
.2637SENT.
And2638CCand
the2639DTthe
agency2640NNagency
has2641VHZhave
taken2642VVNtake
the2643DTthe
view2644NNview
that2645IN/thatthat
that2646WDTthat
gives2647VVZgive
it2648PPit
the2649DTthe
authority2650NNauthority
,2651,,
discretionary2652JJdiscretionary
authority2653NNauthority
to2654TOto
cap2655VVcap
the2656DTthe
overall2657JJoverall
pool2658NNpool
that2659WDTthat
's2660VBZbe
available2661JJavailable
for2662INfor
4062663CD@card@
(2664((
b2665LSb
)2666))
awards2667VVZaward
as2668RBas
well2669RBwell
.2670SENT.
Your2671PP$your
Honors2672NNShonors
,2673,,
the2674DTthe
...2675:...
the2676DTthe
...2677:...
if2678INif
I2679PPI
may2680MDmay
,2681,,
Your2682PP$your
Honors2683NNShonors
,2684,,
I2685PPI
would2686MDwould
like2687VVlike
to2688TOto
reserve2689VVreserve
my2690PP$my
remaining2691VVGremain
time2692NNtime
for2693INfor
rebuttal2694NNrebuttal
.2695SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]2696LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Thank2697VVthank
you2698PPyou
,2699,,
counsel2700NNcounsel
.2701SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]2702LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Thank2703VVthank
you2704PPyou
.2705SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]2706LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Mr2707NPMr
.2708SENT.
Yang2709NPYang
.2710SENT.
[MR. YANG]2711LOC[MR. YANG]
Mr2712NPMr
.2713SENT.
Chief2714NPChief
Justice2715NPJustice
,2716,,
and2717CCand
may2718MDmay
it2719PPit
please2720VVplease
the2721DTthe
Court2722NPCourt
:2723::
There2724EXthere
is2725VBZbe
one2726CDone
and2727CCand
only2728RBonly
one2729CDone
operative2730NNoperative
provision2731NNprovision
in2732INin
this2733DTthis
case2734NNcase
,2735,,
and2736CCand
it2737PPit
's2738POS's
Section2739NNsection
4062740CD@card@
(2741((
b2742LSb
)2743))
(2744((
12745LS1
)2746))
(2747((
A2748NPA
)2749))
.2750SENT.
That2751DTthat
provision2752NNprovision
applies2753VVZapply
when2754WRBwhen
a2755DTa
claimant2756NNclaimant
is2757VBZbe
represented2758VVNrepresent
,2759,,
"2760''"
represented2761VVNrepresent
before2762INbefore
the2763DTthe
court2764NNcourt
by2765INby
an2766DTan
attorney2767NNattorney
,2768,,
"2769``"
and2770CCand
it2771PPit
authorizes2772VVZauthorize
a2773DTa
reasonable2774JJreasonable
fee2775NNfee
for2776INfor
such2777JJsuch
representation2778NNrepresentation
.2779SENT.
That2780DTthat
provision2781NNprovision
clearly2782RBclearly
governs2783VVZgovern
fees2784NNSfee
only2785RBonly
for2786INfor
representations2787NNSrepresentation
before2788INbefore
the2789DTthe
court2790NNcourt
,2791,,
and2792CCand
its2793PP$its
252794CD@card@
percent2795NNpercent
past-due2796JJpast-due
benefits2797NNSbenefit
cap2798VVPcap
likewise2799RBlikewise
only2800RBonly
applies2801VVZapply
to2802TOto
fees2803NNSfee
for2804INfor
work2805NNwork
done2806VVNdo
before2807INbefore
the2808DTthe
court2809NNcourt
.2810SENT.
That2811DTthat
text2812NNtext
fully2813RBfully
resolves2814VVZresolve
this2815DTthis
case2816NNcase
.2817SENT.
The2818DTthe
Court2819NPCourt
has2820VHZhave
had2821VHNhave
a2822DTa
series2823NNseries
of2824INof
questions2825NNSquestion
about2826INabout
kind2827NNkind
of2828INof
some2829DTsome
of2830INof
the2831DTthe
practicalities2832NNSpracticality
.2833SENT.
I2834PPI
'd2835MDwould
like2836VVlike
to2837TOto
address2838VVaddress
first2839JJfirst
Justice2840NPJustice
Kavanaugh2841NPKavanaugh
's2842POS's
question2843NNquestion
about2844INabout
the2845DTthe
pot2846NNpot
.2847SENT.
There2848EXthere
's2849VBZbe
actually2850RBactually
two2851CDtwo
statutory2852JJstatutory
provisions2853NNSprovision
.2854SENT.
The2855DTthe
first2856JJfirst
is2857VBZbe
at2858INat
(2859((
a2860DTa
)2861))
(2862((
42863LS4
)2864))
.2865SENT.
(2866((
a2867DTa
)2868))
(2869((
42870LS4
)2871))
is2872VBZbe
at2873INat
page2874NNpage
7a2875NNS7a
of2876INof
our2877PP$our
brief2878NNbrief
.2879SENT.
That2880DTthat
says2881VVZsay
that2882IN/thatthat
the2883DTthe
Secretary2884NPSecretary
shall2885MDshall
certify2886VVcertify
for2887INfor
payment2888NNpayment
out2889RPout
of2890INof
past-due2891JJpast-due
benefits2892NNSbenefit
so2893RBso
much2894RBmuch
of2895INof
the2896DTthe
maximum2897JJmaximum
fee2898NNfee
as2899RBas
does2900VVZdo
not2901RBnot
exceed2902VVexceed
252903CD@card@
percent2904NNpercent
.2905SENT.
The2906DTthe
maximum2907JJmaximum
fee2908NNfee
,2909,,
if2910INif
you2911PPyou
look2912VVPlook
throughout2913INthroughout
the2914DTthe
prior2915JJprior
provisions2916NNSprovision
of2917INof
(2918((
a2919DTa
)2920))
,2921,,
talk2922NNtalk
about2923INabout
the2924DTthe
maximum2925JJmaximum
fee2926NNfee
that2927IN/thatthat
the2928DTthe
commissioner2929NNcommissioner
approves2930VVZapprove
for2931INfor
work2932NNwork
before2933INbefore
the2934DTthe
agency2935NNagency
.2936SENT.
So2937RBso
that2938IN/thatthat
(2939((
a2940DTa
)2941))
(2942((
42943LS4
)2944))
provision2945NNprovision
mandates2946VVZmandate
that2947IN/thatthat
so2948RBso
much2949RBmuch
of2950INof
that2951DTthat
maximum2952JJmaximum
fee2953NNfee
,2954,,
that2955WDTthat
is2956VBZbe
,2957,,
the2958DTthe
agency2959NNagency
fee2960NNfee
,2961,,
as2962RBas
does2963VVZdo
not2964RBnot
exceed2965VVexceed
252966CD@card@
percent2967NNpercent
shall2968MDshall
be2969VBbe
paid2970VVNpay
.2971SENT.
It2972PPit
's2973VBZbe
mandatory2974JJmandatory
.2975SENT.
Now2976RBnow
I2977PPI
think2978VVPthink
there2979EXthere
's2980VBZbe
two2981CDtwo
things2982NNSthing
.2983SENT.
First2984NPFirst
is2985VBZbe
the2986DTthe
mandatory2987JJmandatory
.2988SENT.
The2989DTthe
pot2990NNpot
must2991MDmust
be2992VBbe
252993CD@card@
percent2994NNpercent
,2995,,
at2996INat
least2997JJSleast
,2998,,
if2999INif
the3000DTthe
agency3001NNagency
fee3002NNfee
is3003VBZbe
that3004IN/thatthat
large3005JJlarge
.3006SENT.
And3007CCand
,3008,,
two3009CDtwo
,3010,,
the3011DTthe
language3012NNlanguage
"3013``"
so3014RBso
much3015JJmuch
of3016INof
the3017DTthe
agency3018NNagency
fee3019NNfee
as3020RBas
does3021VVZdo
not3022RBnot
exceed3023VVexceed
"3024``"
emphasizes3025VVZemphasize
that3026IN/thatthat
Congress3027NPCongress
understood3028VVDunderstand
that3029IN/thatthat
the3030DTthe
agency3031NNagency
fee3032NNfee
could3033MDcould
and3034CCand
would3035MDwould
sometimes3036RBsometimes
exceed3037VVexceed
253038CD@card@
percent3039NNpercent
of3040INof
past-due3041JJpast-due
benefits3042NNSbenefit
,3043,,
which3044WDTwhich
itself3045PPitself
is3046VBZbe
incompatible3047JJincompatible
with3048INwith
an3049DTan
aggregate3050JJaggregate
253051CD@card@
percent3052NNpercent
.3053SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3054LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
A3055DTa
different3056JJdifferent
argument3057NNargument
,3058,,
but3059CCbut
...3060:...
[MR. YANG]3061LOC[MR. YANG]
Different3062JJdifferent
argument3063NNargument
,3064,,
but3065CCbut
while3066INwhile
we3067PPwe
're3068VBPbe
on3069INon
(3070((
a3071DTa
)3072))
(3073((
43074LS4
)3075))
I3076PPI
thought3077VVDthink
I3078PPI
'd3079MDwould
touch3080VVtouch
upon3081INupon
it3082PPit
.3083SENT.
The3084DTthe
second3085JJsecond
provision3086NNprovision
is3087VBZbe
in3088INin
(3089((
b3090LSb
)3091))
(3092((
13093LS1
)3094))
.3095SENT.
That3096DTthat
's3097VBZbe
on3098INon
page3099NNpage
8a3100NN8a
.3101SENT.
It3102PPit
's3103VBZbe
in3104INin
the3105DTthe
latter3106JJlatter
half3107NNhalf
of3108INof
the3109DTthe
main3110JJmain
paragraph3111NNparagraph
,3112,,
that3113IN/thatthat
the3114DTthe
Secretary3115NPSecretary
shall3116MDshall
certify3117VVcertify
the3118DTthe
amount3119NNamount
of3120INof
such3121JJsuch
fee3122NNfee
,3123,,
referring3124VVGrefer
back3125RBback
to3126TOto
the3127DTthe
court-approved3128VVNcourt-approve
fee3129NNfee
for3130INfor
court3131NNcourt
work3132NNwork
,3133,,
as3134RBas
does3135VVZdo
not3136RBnot
...3137:...
out3138RBout
of3139INof
and3140CCand
not3141RBnot
in3142INin
addition3143NNaddition
to3144TOto
the3145DTthe
amount3146NNamount
of3147INof
past-due3148JJpast-due
benefits3149NNSbenefit
.3150SENT.
That3151DTthat
is3152VBZbe
in3153INin
the3154DTthe
permissive3155JJpermissive
.3156SENT.
It3157PPit
is3158VBZbe
may3159MDmay
certify3160VVcertify
.3161SENT.
So3162RBso
the3163DTthe
...3164:...
the3165DTthe
agency3166NNagency
has3167VHZhave
interpreted3168VVNinterpret
the3169DTthe
mandatory3170JJmandatory
obligation3171NNobligation
to3172TOto
set3173VVset
aside3174RPaside
percent3175NNpercent
for3176INfor
agency3177NNagency
fees3178NNSfee
,3179,,
and3180CCand
the3181DTthe
permissive3182JJpermissive
obligation3183NNobligation
or3184CCor
the3185DTthe
permissive3186JJpermissive
authority3187NNauthority
to3188TOto
set3189VVset
aside3190RPaside
money3191NNmoney
for3192INfor
the3193DTthe
court3194NNcourt
fee3195NNfee
,3196,,
which3197WDTwhich
itself3198PPitself
is3199VBZbe
capped3200VVNcap
at3201INat
253202CD@card@
percent3203NNpercent
,3204,,
as3205INas
allowing3206VVGallow
it3207PPit
to3208TOto
only3209RBonly
pay3210VVpay
out3211RPout
253212CD@card@
percent3213NNpercent
...3214:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3215LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right3216NPRight
.3217SENT.
[MR. YANG]3218LOC[MR. YANG]
...3219:...
total3220JJtotal
.3221SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3222LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right3223NPRight
.3224SENT.
I3225PPI
understand3226VVPunderstand
that3227RBthat
.3228SENT.
And3229CCand
it3230PPit
comes3231VVZcome
ultimately3232RBultimately
from3233INfrom
an3234DTan
interpretation3235NNinterpretation
of3236INof
the3237DTthe
statute3238NNstatute
.3239SENT.
Maybe3240RBmaybe
you3241PPyou
're3242VBPbe
saying3243VVGsay
it3244PPit
's3245VBZbe
not3246RBnot
mandated3247VVNmandate
by3248INby
the3249DTthe
statute3250NNstatute
.3251SENT.
[MR. YANG]3252LOC[MR. YANG]
Well3253UHwell
,3254,,
it3255PPit
's3256VBZbe
an3257DTan
...3258:...
an3259DTan
interpretation3260NNinterpretation
of3261INof
the3262DTthe
permissive3263JJpermissive
part3264NNpart
of3265INof
the3266DTthe
statute3267NNstatute
.3268SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3269LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right3270NPRight
,3271,,
that3272WDTthat
's3273VBZbe
what3274WPwhat
I3275PPI
mean3276VVPmean
by3277INby
saying3278VVGsay
it3279PPit
's3280VBZbe
not3281RBnot
...3282:...
maybe3283RBmaybe
it3284PPit
's3285VBZbe
not3286RBnot
mandated3287VVNmandate
by3288INby
the3289DTthe
statute3290NNstatute
,3291,,
is3292VBZbe
your3293PP$your
point3294NNpoint
.3295SENT.
[MR. YANG]3296LOC[MR. YANG]
So3297INso
it3298PPit
's3299VBZbe
not3300RBnot
...3301:...
so3302RBso
...3303:...
but3304CCbut
when3305WRBwhen
Congress3306NPCongress
was3307VBDbe
enacting3308VVGenact
these3309DTthese
provisions3310NNSprovision
and3311CCand
any3312DTany
cap3313NNcap
that3314WDTthat
might3315MDmight
exist3316VVexist
,3317,,
Congress3318NPCongress
understood3319VVDunderstand
that3320IN/thatthat
it3321PPit
was3322VBDbe
authorizing3323VVGauthorize
the3324DTthe
agency3325NNagency
to3326TOto
withhold3327VVwithhold
more3328JJRmore
than3329INthan
253330CD@card@
percent3331NNpercent
with3332INwith
the3333DTthe
operation3334NNoperation
of3335INof
these3336DTthese
two3337CDtwo
.3338SENT.
There3339EXthere
's3340VBZbe
another3341DTanother
point3342NNpoint
to3343TOto
be3344VBbe
made3345VVNmake
that3346IN/thatthat
I3347PPI
think3348VVPthink
we3349PPwe
have3350VHPhave
n't3351RBn't
focused3352VVNfocus
on3353INon
,3354,,
is3355VBZbe
that3356IN/thatthat
we3357PPwe
've3358VHPhave
only3359RBonly
been3360VBNbe
talking3361VVGtalk
about3362INabout
attorney3363NNattorney
fees3364NNSfee
because3365INbecause
this3366DTthis
case3367NNcase
involves3368VVZinvolve
an3369DTan
attorney3370NNattorney
,3371,,
but3372CCbut
Congress3373NPCongress
has3374VHZhave
authorized3375VVNauthorize
non-attorneys3376NNSnon-attorneys
to3377TOto
represent3378VVrepresent
agency3379NNagency
...3380:...
clients3381NNSclient
before3382INbefore
the3383DTthe
agency3384NNagency
,3385,,
and3386CCand
in3387INin
subsection3388NNsubsection
(3389((
e3390LSe
)3391))
of3392INof
4063393CD@card@
,3394,,
specifically3395RBspecifically
directs3396VVZdirect
the3397DTthe
agency3398NNagency
to3399TOto
extend3400VVextend
the3401DTthe
fee3402NNfee
payment3403NNpayment
provisions3404NNSprovision
,3405,,
the3406DTthe
direct3407JJdirect
payment3408NNpayment
provisions3409NNSprovision
that3410IN/thatthat
we3411PPwe
're3412VBPbe
talking3413VVGtalk
about3414RBabout
in3415INin
(3416((
a3417DTa
)3418))
(3419((
43420LS4
)3421))
,3422,,
to3423TOto
non-attorneys3424NNSnon-attorneys
.3425SENT.
But3426CCbut
in3427INin
doing3428VVGdo
so3429RBso
,3430,,
Congress3431NPCongress
in3432INin
(3433((
e3434LSe
)3435))
(3436((
23437LS2
)3438))
...3439:...
unfortunately3440RBunfortunately
,3441,,
we3442PPwe
did3443VVDdo
n't3444RBn't
reproduce3445VVreproduce
this3446DTthis
in3447INin
our3448PP$our
brief3449NNbrief
,3450,,
but3451CCbut
it3452PPit
's3453VBZbe
in3454INin
(3455((
e3456LSe
)3457))
(3458((
23459LS2
)3460))
...3461:...
set3462VVNset
forth3463INforth
prerequisites3464NNSprerequisite
for3465INfor
these3466DTthese
non-attorney3467NPnon-attorney
representatives3468NNSrepresentative
to3469TOto
be3470VBbe
eligible3471JJeligible
for3472INfor
this3473DTthis
direct3474JJdirect
payment3475NNpayment
.3476SENT.
Not3477RBnot
all3478RBall
of3479INof
them3480PPthem
meet3481VVPmeet
those3482DTthose
eligible3483JJeligible
...3484:...
eligibility3485NNeligibility
requirements3486NNSrequirement
.3487SENT.
So3488RBso
there3489EXthere
is3490VBZbe
a3491DTa
category3492NNcategory
of3493INof
cases3494NNScase
that3495IN/thatthat
(3496((
a3497DTa
)3498))
(3499((
43500LS4
)3501))
never3502RBnever
comes3503VVZcome
into3504INinto
play3505NNplay
because3506INbecause
there3507EXthere
's3508VBZbe
no3509DTno
authority3510NNauthority
to3511TOto
provide3512VVprovide
direct3513JJdirect
payment3514NNpayment
to3515TOto
the3516DTthe
...3517:...
to3518TOto
the3519DTthe
representative3520NNrepresentative
.3521SENT.
Now3522RBnow
those3523DTthose
representatives3524NNSrepresentative
are3525VBPbe
still3526RBstill
representing3527VVGrepresent
clients3528NNSclient
before3529INbefore
the3530DTthe
Social3531NPSocial
Security3532NPSecurity
Administration3533NPAdministration
,3534,,
and3535CCand
they3536PPthey
have3537VHPhave
to3538TOto
collect3539VVcollect
their3540PP$their
fees3541NNSfee
or3542CCor
they3543PPthey
would3544MDwould
n't3545RBn't
be3546VBbe
doing3547VVGdo
it3548PPit
.3549SENT.
And3550CCand
I3551PPI
think3552VVPthink
that3553IN/thatthat
addresses3554NNSaddress
,3555,,
Justice3556NPJustice
Sotomayor3557NPSotomayor
,3558,,
your3559PP$your
concern3560NNconcern
.3561SENT.
It3562PPit
's3563VBZbe
baked3564VVNbake
into3565INinto
the3566DTthe
system3567NNsystem
these3568DTthese
representatives3569NNSrepresentative
are3570VBPbe
going3571VVGgo
to3572TOto
collect3573VVcollect
sometimes3574RBsometimes
the3575DTthe
fees3576NNSfee
from3577INfrom
the3578DTthe
client3579NNclient
.3580SENT.
Now3581RBnow
these3582DTthese
...3583:...
in3584INin
Social3585NPSocial
Security3586NPSecurity
Title3587NPTitle
23588CD2
cases3589NNScase
,3590,,
there3591EXthere
's3592VBZbe
no3593DTno
...3594:...
there3595EXthere
's3596VBZbe
no3597DTno
means3598NNmeans
testing3599NNtesting
.3600SENT.
So3601RBso
you3602PPyou
can3603MDcan
have3604VHhave
a3605DTa
rich3606JJrich
client3607NNclient
;3608:;
you3609PPyou
can3610MDcan
have3611VHhave
a3612DTa
poor3613JJpoor
client3614NNclient
.3615SENT.
But3616CCbut
the3617DTthe
important3618JJimportant
point3619NNpoint
is3620VBZbe
that3621IN/thatthat
Congress3622NPCongress
intended3623VVDintend
not3624RBnot
only3625RBonly
sometimes3626RBsometimes
to3627TOto
get3628VVget
percent3629NNpercent
pot3630NNpot
...3631:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3632LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
But3633CCbut
we3634PPwe
're3635VBPbe
told3636VVNtell
by3637INby
the3638DTthe
amicus3639NNamicus
brief3640NNbrief
of3641INof
the3642DTthe
disability3643NNdisability
attorneys3644NNSattorney
that3645IN/thatthat
that3646DTthat
almost3647RBalmost
never3648RBnever
happens3649VVZhappen
.3650SENT.
[MR. YANG]3651LOC[MR. YANG]
Almost3652NPAlmost
never3653RBnever
happens3654VVZhappen
...3655:...
which3656WDTwhich
...3657:...
which3658WDTwhich
...3659:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3660LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
That3661IN/thatthat
they3662PPthey
try3663VVPtry
to3664TOto
get3665VVget
the3666DTthe
money3667NNmoney
directly3668RBdirectly
from3669INfrom
the3670DTthe
client3671NNclient
.3672SENT.
Now3673RBnow
maybe3674RBmaybe
that3675DTthat
's3676VBZbe
not3677RBnot
correct3678JJcorrect
,3679,,
but3680CCbut
that3681DTthat
's3682VBZbe
what3683WPwhat
...3684:...
[MR. YANG]3685LOC[MR. YANG]
That3686DTthat
...3687:...
that3688WDTthat
cannot3689MDcan
be3690VBbe
correct3691JJcorrect
for3692INfor
the3693DTthe
set3694NNset
of3695INof
non-attorney3696NPnon-attorney
representatives3697NNSrepresentative
that3698WDTthat
are3699VBPbe
not3700RBnot
eligible3701JJeligible
for3702INfor
direct3703JJdirect
payment3704NNpayment
under3705INunder
(3706((
a3707DTa
)3708))
(3709((
43710LS4
)3711))
.3712SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3713LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right3714NPRight
.3715SENT.
[MR. YANG]3716LOC[MR. YANG]
The3717DTthe
only3718JJonly
way3719NNway
they3720PPthey
can3721MDcan
get3722VVget
their3723PP$their
money3724NNmoney
is3725VBZbe
from3726INfrom
the3727DTthe
client3728NNclient
.3729SENT.
Also3730RBalso
,3731,,
if3732INif
you3733PPyou
look3734VVPlook
at3735INat
the3736DTthe
criminal3737JJcriminal
prohibitions3738NNSprohibition
in3739INin
...3740:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3741LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Counsel3742NPCounsel
,3743,,
how3744WRBhow
often3745RBoften
are3746VBPbe
those3747DTthose
people3748NNSpeople
family3749NNfamily
members3750NNSmember
or3751CCor
...3752:...
or3753CCor
...3754:...
[MR. YANG]3755LOC[MR. YANG]
That3756IN/thatthat
I3757PPI
...3758:...
I3759PPI
do3760VVPdo
n't3761RBn't
know3762VVknow
,3763,,
but3764CCbut
I3765PPI
do3766VVPdo
know3767VVknow
that3768IN/thatthat
there3769EXthere
are3770VBPbe
...3771:...
the3772DTthe
criteria3773NNScriterion
that3774WDTthat
Congress3775NPCongress
has3776VHZhave
specified3777VVNspecify
under3778INunder
(3779((
e3780LSe
)3781))
(3782((
23783LS2
)3784))
does3785VVZdo
not3786RBnot
contemplate3787VVcontemplate
that3788IN/thatthat
we3789PPwe
're3790VBPbe
talking3791VVGtalk
familial3792JJfamilial
relationships3793NNSrelationship
.3794SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3795LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
All3796DTall
right3797NNright
.3798SENT.
You3799PPyou
say3800VVPsay
there3801EXthere
's3802VBZbe
no3803DTno
danger3804NNdanger
or3805CCor
little3806JJlittle
danger3807NNdanger
of3808INof
garnishment3809NNgarnishment
of3810INof
future3811JJfuture
benefits3812NNSbenefit
.3813SENT.
But3814CCbut
you3815PPyou
also3816RBalso
say3817VVPsay
that3818IN/thatthat
sometimes3819RBsometimes
the3820DTthe
government3821NNgovernment
permits3822VVZpermit
garnishing3823VVGgarnish
to3824TOto
help3825VVhelp
attorneys3826NNSattorney
satisfy3827VVsatisfy
awards3828NNSaward
under3829INunder
253830CD@card@
percent3831NNpercent
when3832WRBwhen
they3833PPthey
have3834VHPhave
missed3835VVNmiss
out3836RPout
on3837INon
withholding3838NNwithholding
.3839SENT.
Where3840WRBwhere
do3841VVPdo
you3842PPyou
get3843VVget
that3844DTthat
authority3845NNauthority
from3846INfrom
,3847,,
to3848TOto
permit3849VVpermit
garnishing3850VVGgarnish
or3851CCor
to3852TOto
permit3853VVpermit
garnishing3854VVGgarnish
above3855INabove
the3856DTthe
253857CD@card@
percent3858NNpercent
?3859SENT?
I3860PPI
can3861MDcan
understand3862VVunderstand
if3863INif
...3864:...
[MR. YANG]3865LOC[MR. YANG]
It3866PPit
's3867VBZbe
not3868RBnot
above3869INabove
the3870DTthe
percent3871NNpercent
.3872SENT.
I3873PPI
think3874VVPthink
what3875WPwhat
you3876PPyou
're3877VBPbe
talking3878VVGtalk
about3879RBabout
is3880VBZbe
in3881INin
the3882DTthe
circumstance3883NNcircumstance
that3884IN/thatthat
the3885DTthe
agency3886NNagency
for3887INfor
some3888DTsome
reason3889NNreason
has3890VHZhave
erroneously3891RBerroneously
failed3892VVNfail
to3893TOto
withhold3894VVwithhold
...3895:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3896LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Right3897RBright
.3898SENT.
[MR. YANG]3899LOC[MR. YANG]
...3900:...
253901CD@card@
percent3902NNpercent
of3903INof
past-due3904JJpast-due
benefits3905NNSbenefit
,3906,,
it3907PPit
recovers3908VVZrecover
as3909INas
an3910DTan
overpayment3911NNoverpayment
of3912INof
past-due3913JJpast-due
benefits3914NNSbenefit
from3915INfrom
the3916DTthe
...3917:...
from3918INfrom
...3919:...
from3920INfrom
the3921DTthe
future3922JJfuture
stream3923NNstream
.3924SENT.
And3925CCand
this3926DTthis
is3927VBZbe
not3928RBnot
an3929DTan
uncommon3930JJuncommon
event3931NNevent
.3932SENT.
For3933INfor
instance3934NNinstance
,3935,,
sometimes3936RBsometimes
there3937EXthere
are3938VBPbe
overpayments3939NNSoverpayment
in3940INin
either3941CCeither
the3942DTthe
Title3943NPTitle
23944CD2
or3945CCor
the3946DTthe
Title3947NPTitle
context3948NNcontext
to3949TOto
the3950DTthe
claimant3951NNclaimant
,3952,,
and3953CCand
the3954DTthe
...3955:...
the3956DTthe
government3957NNgovernment
will3958MDwill
then3959RBthen
offset3960VVoffset
from3961INfrom
future3962JJfuture
payments3963NNSpayment
to3964TOto
...3965:...
to3966TOto
recoup3967VVrecoup
that3968DTthat
money3969NNmoney
.3970SENT.
This3971DTthis
is3972VBZbe
just3973RBjust
another3974DTanother
illustration3975NNillustration
of3976INof
that3977DTthat
.3978SENT.
And3979CCand
it3980PPit
does3981VVZdo
n't3982RBn't
,3983,,
I3984PPI
think3985VVPthink
what3986WPwhat
...3987:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3988LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
To3989TOTo
the3990DTthe
...3991:...
to3992TOto
the3993DTthe
poor3994JJpoor
recipient3995NNrecipient
,3996,,
it3997PPit
does3998VVZdo
n't3999RBn't
really4000RBreally
sound4001JJsound
like4002INlike
they4003PPthey
were4004VBDbe
responsible4005JJresponsible
for4006INfor
your4007PP$your
failure4008NNfailure
to4009TOto
withhold4010VVwithhold
.4011SENT.
I4012PPI
'm4013VBPbe
not4014RBnot
sure4015JJsure
what4016WPwhat
gives4017VVZgive
you4018PPyou
the4019DTthe
authority4020NNauthority
.4021SENT.
Basically4022RBbasically
,4023,,
you4024PPyou
're4025VBPbe
garnishing4026VVGgarnish
their4027PP$their
benefits4028NNSbenefit
.4029SENT.
[MR. YANG]4030LOC[MR. YANG]
Well4031UHwell
,4032,,
I4033PPI
do4034VVPdo
n't4035RBn't
think4036VVthink
that4037DTthat
...4038:...
first4039RBfirst
of4040INof
all4041DTall
,4042,,
no4043DTno
one4044CDone
has4045VHZhave
questioned4046VVNquestion
the4047DTthe
government4048NNgovernment
's4049POS's
authority4050NNauthority
where4051WRBwhere
the4052DTthe
government4053NNgovernment
has4054VHZhave
already4055RBalready
paid4056VVNpay
the4057DTthe
money4058NNmoney
that4059WDTthat
should4060MDshould
not4061RBnot
have4062VHhave
been4063VBNbe
repaid4064VVNrepay
.4065SENT.
In4066RBin
...4067:...
in4068INin
most4069JJSmost
contexts4070NNScontext
,4071,,
the4072DTthe
government4073NNgovernment
can4074MDcan
recover4075VVrecover
money4076NNmoney
that4077WDTthat
is4078VBZbe
overpaid4079VVNoverpay
from4080INfrom
individuals4081NNSindividual
.4082SENT.
I4083PPI
...4084:...
I4085PPI
do4086VVPdo
n't4087RBn't
find4088VVfind
that4089IN/thatthat
to4090TOto
be4091VBbe
particularly4092RBparticularly
telling4093VVGtell
,4094,,
and4095CCand
there4096EXthere
are4097VBPbe
regulatory4098JJregulatory
provisions4099NNSprovision
that4100WDTthat
govern4101VVPgovern
that4102IN/thatthat
to4103TOto
make4104VVmake
sure4105JJsure
that4106IN/thatthat
the4107DTthe
recoupment4108NNrecoupment
of4109INof
this4110DTthis
overpayment4111NNoverpayment
is4112VBZbe
not4113RBnot
onerous4114JJonerous
.4115SENT.
But4116CCbut
what4117WPwhat
,4118,,
again4119RBagain
,4120,,
getting4121VVGget
back4122RBback
to4123TOto
the4124DTthe
question4125NNquestion
presented4126VVNpresent
in4127INin
this4128DTthis
case4129NNcase
,4130,,
I4131PPI
think4132VVPthink
it4133PPit
's4134VBZbe
...4135:...
it4136PPit
's4137VBZbe
clear4138JJclear
that4139IN/thatthat
Congress4140NPCongress
contemplated4141VVDcontemplate
,4142,,
if4143INif
you4144PPyou
look4145VVPlook
at4146INat
(4147((
a4148DTa
)4149))
(4150((
54151LS5
)4152))
,4153,,
which4154WDTwhich
is4155VBZbe
the4156DTthe
criminal4157JJcriminal
prohibition4158NNprohibition
for4159INfor
collecting4160VVGcollect
in4161INin
excess4162NNexcess
of4163INof
the4164DTthe
maximum4165JJmaximum
fee4166NNfee
authorized4167VVNauthorize
by4168INby
the4169DTthe
Commissioner4170NPCommissioner
,4171,,
or4172CCor
(4173((
b4174LSb
)4175))
(4176((
24177LS2
)4178))
,4179,,
which4180WDTwhich
is4181VBZbe
the4182DTthe
criminal4183JJcriminal
prohibition4184NNprohibition
prohibiting4185VVGprohibit
collection4186NNcollection
of4187INof
the4188DTthe
fee4189NNfee
beyond4190INbeyond
that4191WDTthat
authorized4192VVDauthorize
by4193INby
the4194DTthe
court4195NNcourt
,4196,,
by4197INby
setting4198VVGset
a4199DTa
criminal4200JJcriminal
prohibition4201NNprohibition
and4202CCand
setting4203VVGset
the4204DTthe
threshold4205NNthreshold
beyond4206INbeyond
what4207WPwhat
's4208VBZbe
authorized4209VVNauthorize
,4210,,
Congress4211NPCongress
contemplated4212VVDcontemplate
that4213IN/thatthat
,4214,,
if4215INif
it4216PPit
's4217VBZbe
under4218INunder
that4219DTthat
authorization4220NNauthorization
limit4221NNlimit
,4222,,
you4223PPyou
could4224MDcould
collect4225VVcollect
it4226PPit
.4227SENT.
And4228CCand
it4229PPit
's4230VBZbe
not4231RBnot
an4232DTan
abusive4233JJabusive
collection4234NNcollection
because4235INbecause
the4236DTthe
fees4237NNSfee
have4238VHPhave
been4239VBNbe
approved4240VVNapprove
either4241RBeither
by4242INby
the4243DTthe
agency4244NNagency
under4245INunder
4064246CD@card@
(4247((
a4248DTa
)4249))
or4250CCor
under4251INunder
the4252DTthe
court4253NNcourt
under4254INunder
4064255CD@card@
(4256((
b4257LSb
)4258))
.4259SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4260LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
You4261PPyou
...4262:...
you4263PPyou
obviously4264RBobviously
have4265VHPhave
a4266DTa
good4267JJgood
textual4268JJtextual
argument4269NNargument
.4270SENT.
I4271PPI
think4272VVPthink
the4273DTthe
point4274NNpoint
is4275VBZbe
your4276PP$your
brief4277NNbrief
then4278RBthen
goes4279VVZgo
to4280TOto
great4281JJgreat
lengths4282NNSlength
to4283TOto
say4284VVsay
do4285VVdo
n't4286RBn't
worry4287VVworry
about4288INabout
taking4289VVGtake
percent4290NNpercent
from4291INfrom
disability4292NNdisability
claimants4293NNSclaimant
because4294INbecause
district4295NNdistrict
courts4296NNScourt
won4297MDwill
't4298RB't
allow4299VVallow
that4300IN/thatthat
under4301INunder
the4302DTthe
reasonableness4303NNreasonableness
prong4304NNprong
.4305SENT.
And4306CCand
the4307DTthe
...4308:...
the4309DTthe
amicus4310NNamicus
brief4311NNbrief
of4312INof
disability4313NNdisability
attorneys4314NNSattorney
say4315VVPsay
do4316VVPdo
n't4317RBn't
worry4318VVworry
about4319INabout
that4320DTthat
seemingly4321RBseemingly
extreme4322JJextreme
504323CD@card@
percent4324NNpercent
fee4325NNfee
because4326INbecause
that4327DTthat
never4328RBnever
really4329RBreally
happens4330VVZhappen
in4331INin
practice4332NNpractice
.4333SENT.
Both4334CCboth
of4335INof
which4336WDTwhich
suggest4337VVPsuggest
that4338IN/thatthat
this4339DTthis
system4340NNsystem
was4341VBDbe
not4342RBnot
designed4343VVNdesign
to4344TOto
be4345VBbe
one4346CDone
where4347WRBwhere
you4348PPyou
're4349VBPbe
getting4350VVGget
percent4351NNpercent
.4352SENT.
[MR. YANG]4353LOC[MR. YANG]
I4354PPI
do4355VVPdo
n't4356RBn't
think4357VVthink
that4358WDTthat
's4359VBZbe
entirely4360RBentirely
true4361JJtrue
.4362SENT.
The4363DTthe
thing4364NNthing
is4365VBZbe
we4366PPwe
...4367:...
we4368PPwe
...4369:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4370LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
You4371PPyou
still4372RBstill
have4373VHPhave
a4374DTa
strong4375JJstrong
textual4376JJtextual
argument4377NNargument
.4378SENT.
I4379PPI
'm4380VBPbe
not4381RBnot
...4382:...
[MR. YANG]4383LOC[MR. YANG]
No4384UHNo
,4385,,
no4386UHno
,4387,,
I4388PPI
...4389:...
I4390PPI
think4391VVPthink
we4392PPwe
win4393VVwin
on4394INon
the4395DTthe
text4396NNtext
regardless4397RBregardless
of4398INof
the4399DTthe
policy4400NNpolicy
.4401SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4402LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right4403NPRight
.4404SENT.
I4405PPI
understand4406VVPunderstand
...4407:...
I4408PPI
understand4409VVPunderstand
that4410RBthat
.4411SENT.
[MR. YANG]4412LOC[MR. YANG]
But4413CCbut
...4414:...
but4415CCbut
the4416DTthe
...4417:...
I4418PPI
think4419VVPthink
on4420INon
the4421DTthe
policy4422NNpolicy
,4423,,
there4424EXthere
are4425VBPbe
going4426VVGgo
to4427TOto
be4428VBbe
cases4429NNScase
where4430WRBwhere
you4431PPyou
're4432VBPbe
going4433VVGgo
to4434TOto
get4435VVget
greater4436JJRgreat
than4437INthan
percent4438NNpercent
.4439SENT.
For4440INfor
instance4441NNinstance
,4442,,
there4443EXthere
are4444VBPbe
cases4445NNScase
where4446WRBwhere
there4447EXthere
's4448VBZbe
representation4449NNrepresentation
in4450INin
an4451DTan
overpayment4452NNoverpayment
case4453NNcase
,4454,,
as4455INas
we4456PPwe
were4457VBDbe
just4458RBjust
discussing4459VVGdiscuss
.4460SENT.
Well4461UHwell
,4462,,
maybe4463RBmaybe
you4464PPyou
get4465VVPget
...4466:...
and4467CCand
as4468INas
a4469DTa
result4470NNresult
of4471INof
an4472DTan
overpayment4473NNoverpayment
case4474NNcase
,4475,,
you4476PPyou
do4477VVPdo
n't4478RBn't
get4479VVget
past-due4480JJpast-due
benefits4481NNSbenefit
,4482,,
but4483CCbut
the4484DTthe
agency4485NNagency
and4486CCand
the4487DTthe
court4488NNcourt
may4489MDmay
well4490RBwell
approve4491VVapprove
a4492DTa
reasonable4493JJreasonable
fee4494NNfee
for4495INfor
payment4496NNpayment
in4497INin
such4498JJsuch
cases4499NNScase
.4500SENT.
There4501EXthere
are4502VBPbe
other4503JJother
cases4504NNScase
where4505WRBwhere
disability4506NNdisability
...4507:...
the4508DTthe
onset4509NNonset
date4510NNdate
is4511VBZbe
sufficiently4512RBsufficiently
late4513JJlate
.4514SENT.
For4515INfor
instance4516NNinstance
,4517,,
new4518JJnew
evidence4519NNevidence
came4520VVDcome
in4521INin
on4522INon
remand4523NNremand
.4524SENT.
There4525EXthere
's4526VBZbe
a4527DTa
five-month4528NNfive-month
waiting4529VVGwait
period4530NNperiod
before4531INbefore
your4532PP$your
eligibility4533NNeligibility
...4534:...
eligible4535JJeligible
for4536INfor
benefits4537NNSbenefit
.4538SENT.
So4539RBso
it4540PPit
may4541MDmay
be4542VBbe
that4543IN/thatthat
even4544RBeven
if4545INif
you4546PPyou
're4547VBPbe
found4548VVNfind
disabled4549VVNdisable
in4550INin
the4551DTthe
proceeding4552NNproceeding
...4553:...
[JUSTICE KAGAN]4554LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
But4555CCbut
I4556PPI
think4557VVPthink
the4558DTthe
import4559NNimport
of4560INof
Justice4561NPJustice
Kavanaugh4562NPKavanaugh
's4563POS's
question4564NNquestion
is4565VBZbe
that4566IN/thatthat
in4567INin
the4568DTthe
usual4569JJusual
case4570NNcase
in4571INin
which4572WDTwhich
there4573EXthere
are4574VBPbe
proceedings4575NNSproceeding
both4576CCboth
at4577INat
the4578DTthe
Commission4579NPCommission
and4580CCand
at4581INat
a4582DTa
district4583NNdistrict
court4584NNcourt
,4585,,
and4586CCand
there4587EXthere
are4588VBPbe
two4589CDtwo
254590CD@card@
percent4591NNpercent
caps4592NNScap
,4593,,
it4594PPit
...4595:...
it4596PPit
...4597:...
it4598PPit
's4599VBZbe
not4600RBnot
the4601DTthe
government4602NNgovernment
's4603POS's
position4604NNposition
that4605IN/thatthat
in4606INin
that4607DTthat
usual4608JJusual
case4609NNcase
where4610WRBwhere
lawyers4611NNSlawyer
can4612MDcan
say4613VVsay
,4614,,
well4615UHwell
,4616,,
I4617PPI
won4618VVDwin
here4619RBhere
and4620CCand
I4621PPI
won4622VVDwin
there4623RBthere
,4624,,
that4625IN/thatthat
both4626DTboth
of4627INof
them4628PPthem
are4629VBPbe
entitled4630VVNentitle
to4631TOto
254632CD@card@
percent4633NNpercent
fees4634NNSfee
or4635CCor
that4636IN/thatthat
both4637DTboth
of4638INof
them4639PPthem
should4640MDshould
get4641VVget
254642CD@card@
percent4643NNpercent
fees4644NNSfee
.4645SENT.
[MR. YANG]4646LOC[MR. YANG]
In4647INin
a4648DTa
normal4649JJnormal
case4650NNcase
where4651WRBwhere
you4652PPyou
've4653VHPhave
got4654VVNget
a4655DTa
substantial4656JJsubstantial
amount4657NNamount
of4658INof
past-due4659JJpast-due
benefits4660NNSbenefit
,4661,,
we4662PPwe
think4663VVPthink
that4664WDTthat
's4665VBZbe
not4666RBnot
the4667DTthe
case4668NNcase
.4669SENT.
When4670WRBwhen
there4671EXthere
are4672VBPbe
smaller4673JJRsmall
amounts4674NNSamount
of4675INof
past-due4676JJpast-due
benefits4677NNSbenefit
,4678,,
if4679INif
there4680EXthere
's4681VBZbe
only4682RBonly
,4683,,
say4684VVsay
,4685,,
$4686$$
5,0004687CD@card@
of4688INof
past-due4689JJpast-due
benefits4690NNSbenefit
,4691,,
we4692PPwe
're4693VBPbe
only4694RBonly
...4695:...
we4696PPwe
're4697VBPbe
talking4698VVGtalk
about4699RBabout
very4700RBvery
small4701JJsmall
amounts4702NNSamount
of4703INof
compensation4704NNcompensation
for4705INfor
attorneys4706NNSattorney
.4707SENT.
And4708CCand
it4709PPit
's4710VBZbe
important4711JJimportant
to4712TOto
recognize4713VVrecognize
also4714RBalso
that4715IN/thatthat
we4716PPwe
're4717VBPbe
only4718RBonly
talking4719VVGtalk
about4720INabout
the4721DTthe
past-due4722JJpast-due
benefits4723NNSbenefit
.4724SENT.
[JUSTICE ALITO]4725LOC[JUSTICE ALITO]
What4726WDTwhat
...4727:...
[MR. YANG]4728LOC[MR. YANG]
For4729INfor
a4730DTa
disability4731NNdisability
complaint4732NNcomplaint
...4733:...
[JUSTICE KAGAN]4734LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
I4735PPI
do4736VVPdo
n't4737RBn't
...4738:...
I4739PPI
think4740VVPthink
,4741,,
you4742PPyou
know4743VVPknow
,4744,,
what4745WPwhat
strikes4746VVZstrike
me4747PPme
as4748RBas
...4749:...
as4750RBas
,4751,,
you4752PPyou
know4753VVPknow
,4754,,
troublesome4755JJtroublesome
about4756INabout
this4757DTthis
,4758,,
and4759CCand
then4760RBthen
you4761PPyou
could4762MDcould
add4763VVadd
a4764DTa
court4765NNcourt
of4766INof
appeals4767NNSappeal
proceeding4768VVGproceed
to4769TOto
it4770PPit
and4771CCand
the4772DTthe
possibility4773NNpossibility
of4774INof
754775CD@card@
percent4776NNpercent
fees4777NNSfee
.4778SENT.
So4779RBso
,4780,,
you4781PPyou
know4782VVPknow
,4783,,
could4784MDcould
that4785RBthat
possibly4786RBpossibly
have4787VHhave
been4788VBNbe
what4789WPwhat
Congress4790NPCongress
wanted4791VVDwant
?4792SENT?
[MR. YANG]4793LOC[MR. YANG]
Well4794UHwell
,4795,,
I4796PPI
guess4797VVPguess
there4798EXthere
's4799VBZbe
two4800CDtwo
points4801NNSpoint
.4802SENT.
One4803CDOne
,4804,,
Congress4805NPCongress
was4806VBDbe
concerned4807VVNconcern
not4808RBnot
only4809RBonly
about4810INabout
past-due4811JJpast-due
benefits4812NNSbenefit
,4813,,
but4814CCbut
Congress4815NPCongress
would4816MDwould
have4817VHhave
understood4818VVNunderstand
that4819IN/thatthat
for4820INfor
a4821DTa
disabled4822JJdisabled
person4823NNperson
and4824CCand
particularly4825RBparticularly
one4826CDone
who4827WPwho
is4828VBZbe
permanently4829RBpermanently
disabled4830JJdisabled
,4831,,
ongoing4832JJongoing
future4833JJfuture
benefits4834NNSbenefit
,4835,,
which4836WDTwhich
are4837VBPbe
untouched4838JJuntouched
by4839INby
this4840DTthis
caps4841NNScap
,4842,,
are4843VBPbe
protected4844VVNprotect
.4845SENT.
And4846CCand
,4847,,
in4848INin
fact4849NNfact
,4850,,
they4851PPthey
protected4852VVDprotect
them4853PPthem
under4854INunder
4074855CD@card@
.4856SENT.
The4857DTthe
second4858JJsecond
point4859NNpoint
is4860VBZbe
I4861PPI
think4862VVPthink
you4863PPyou
raised4864VVDraise
the4865DTthe
question4866NNquestion
of4867INof
754868CD@card@
percent4869NNpercent
.4870SENT.
The4871DTthe
government4872NNgovernment
's4873POS's
view4874NNview
is4875VBZbe
that4876IN/thatthat
the4877DTthe
cap4878NNcap
in4879INin
(4880((
b4881LSb
)4882))
,4883,,
4064884CD@card@
(4885((
b4886LSb
)4887))
,4888,,
is4889VBZbe
percent4890NNpercent
for4891INfor
all4892DTall
of4893INof
the4894DTthe
court4895NNcourt
proceedings4896NNSproceeding
,4897,,
including4898VVGinclude
appeals4899NNSappeal
.4900SENT.
And4901CCand
there4902EXthere
's4903VBZbe
multiple4904JJmultiple
reasons4905NNSreason
for4906INfor
that4907DTthat
.4908SENT.
We4909PPwe
think4910VVPthink
the4911DTthe
text4912NNtext
,4913,,
when4914WRBwhen
read4915VVNread
in4916INin
light4917NNlight
of4918INof
the4919DTthe
Dictionary4920NPDictionary
Act4921NPAct
,4922,,
is4923VBZbe
amenable4924JJamenable
to4925TOto
that4926DTthat
reading4927NNreading
.4928SENT.
But4929CCbut
,4930,,
if4931INif
you4932PPyou
took4933VVDtake
the4934DTthe
opposite4935JJopposite
reading4936NNreading
,4937,,
you4938PPyou
could4939MDcould
have4940VHhave
four4941CDfour
,4942,,
five4943CDfive
,4944,,
six4945CDsix
proceedings4946NNSproceeding
with4947INwith
multiple4948JJmultiple
remands4949NNSremand
,4950,,
coming4951VVGcome
up4952RPup
to4953TOto
this4954DTthis
Court4955NNcourt
perhaps4956RBperhaps
,4957,,
there4958EXthere
's4959VBZbe
no4960DTno
way4961NNway
you4962PPyou
can4963MDcan
get4964VVget
more4965JJRmore
than4966INthan
percent4967NNpercent
of4968INof
past-due4969JJpast-due
benefits4970NNSbenefit
if4971INif
there4972EXthere
are4973VBPbe
five4974CDfive
proceedings4975NNSproceeding
.4976SENT.
So4977INso
that4978DTthat
anomaly4979NNanomaly
suggests4980VVZsuggest
that4981IN/thatthat
our4982PP$our
reading4983NNreading
of4984INof
a4985DTa
254986CD@card@
percent4987NNpercent
aggregate4988JJaggregate
cap4989NNcap
for4990INfor
the4991DTthe
judicial4992JJjudicial
proceedings4993NNSproceeding
is4994VBZbe
what4995WPwhat
was4996VBDbe
intended4997VVNintend
by4998INby
Congress4999NPCongress
in5000INin
4065001CD@card@
(5002((
b5003LSb
)5004))
,5005,,
which5006WDTwhich
would5007MDwould
then5008RBthen
suggest5009VVsuggest
that5010IN/thatthat
normally5011RBnormally
,5012,,
although5013INalthough
there5014EXthere
's5015VBZbe
not5016RBnot
always5017RBalways
...5018:...
it5019PPit
's5020VBZbe
not5021RBnot
always5022RBalways
the5023DTthe
case5024NNcase
because5025INbecause
sometimes5026RBsometimes
agency5027NNagency
fees5028NNSfee
can5029MDcan
exceed5030VVexceed
255031CD@card@
percent5032NNpercent
of5033INof
past-due5034JJpast-due
benefits5035NNSbenefit
,5036,,
normally5037RBnormally
,5038,,
it5039PPit
should5040MDshould
not5041RBnot
exceed5042VVexceed
percent5043NNpercent
,5044,,
and5045CCand
in5046INin
many5047JJmany
cases5048NNScase
,5049,,
where5050WRBwhere
the5051DTthe
courts5052NNScourt
...5053:...
where5054WRBwhere
you5055PPyou
've5056VHPhave
got5057VVNget
a5058DTa
lot5059NNlot
of5060INof
benefits5061NNSbenefit
,5062,,
as5063INas
the5064DTthe
Court5065NNcourt
recognized5066VVNrecognize
in5067INin
Gisbrecht5068NPGisbrecht
,5069,,
the5070DTthe
reasonableness5071NNreasonableness
criterion5072NNcriterion
allows5073VVZallow
courts5074NNScourt
to5075TOto
police5076VVpolice
for5077INfor
windfall5078NNwindfall
...5079:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5080LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Well5081UHWell
,5082,,
what5083WPwhat
's5084VHZhave
your5085PP$your
definition5086NNdefinition
of5087INof
"5088``"
smaller5089JJRsmall
"5090''"
versus5091CCversus
"5092``"
more5093RBRmore
substantial5094JJsubstantial
"5095''"
that5096IN/thatthat
you5097PPyou
used5098VVDuse
in5099INin
response5100NNresponse
to5101TOto
Justice5102NPJustice
Kagan5103NPKagan
's5104POS's
question5105NNquestion
?5106SENT?
[MR. YANG]5107LOC[MR. YANG]
Well5108UHWell
,5109,,
I5110PPI
...5111:...
I5112PPI
think5113VVPthink
it5114PPit
will5115MDwill
depend5116VVdepend
on5117INon
the5118DTthe
amount5119NNamount
of5120INof
time5121NNtime
and5122CCand
litigation5123NNlitigation
spent5124VVNspend
on5125INon
the5126DTthe
case5127NNcase
,5128,,
but5129CCbut
what5130WPwhat
is5131VBZbe
...5132:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5133LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
The5134DTthe
money5135NNmoney
's5136POS's
coming5137VVGcome
right5138NNright
out5139RPout
of5140INof
the5141DTthe
claimant5142NNclaimant
's5143POS's
pocket5144NNpocket
.5145SENT.
[MR. YANG]5146LOC[MR. YANG]
It5147PPit
's5148VBZbe
coming5149VVGcome
out5150RPout
of5151INof
the5152DTthe
past-due5153JJpast-due
benefits5154NNSbenefit
.5155SENT.
That's5156NPThat's
...5157:...
that5158WDTthat
's5159VBZbe
correct5160JJcorrect
.5161SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5162LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right5163NPRight
.5164SENT.
[MR. YANG]5165LOC[MR. YANG]
And5166CCand
so5167RBso
for5168INfor
...5169:...
in5170INin
this5171DTthis
case5172NNcase
,5173,,
you5174PPyou
know5175VVPknow
,5176,,
in5177INin
this5178DTthis
case5179NNcase
,5180,,
I5181PPI
think5182VVPthink
we5183PPwe
would5184MDwould
have5185VHhave
...5186:...
it5187PPit
falls5188VVZfall
somewhere5189RBsomewhere
in5190INin
the5191DTthe
middle5192NNmiddle
.5193SENT.
At5194INat
page5195NNpage
,5196,,
you5197PPyou
know5198VVPknow
,5199,,
125200CD@card@
,5201,,
we5202PPwe
have5203VHPhave
kind5204NNkind
of5205INof
a5206DTa
chart5207NNchart
with5208INwith
all5209PDTall
the5210DTthe
...5211:...
the5212DTthe
sums5213NNSsum
,5214,,
and5215CCand
we5216PPwe
're5217VBPbe
talking5218VVGtalk
about5219INabout
a5220DTa
past-due5221JJpast-due
benefit5222NNbenefit
award5223NNaward
...5224:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5225LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Right5226NPRight
.5227SENT.
[MR. YANG]5228LOC[MR. YANG]
...5229:...
of5230INof
about5231RBabout
$5232$$
35,0005233CD@card@
.5234SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5235LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
It5236PPit
comes5237VVZcome
right5238RBright
out5239RBout
of5240INof
the5241DTthe
claimant5242NNclaimant
's5243POS's
pocket5244NNpocket
,5245,,
and5246CCand
it5247PPit
...5248:...
and5249CCand
it5250PPit
's5251VBZbe
unusual5252JJunusual
to5253TOto
have5254VHhave
a5255DTa
505256CD@card@
percent5257NNpercent
chunk5258NNchunk
out5259INout
of5260INof
a5261DTa
claimant's5262NNSclaimant's
...5263:...
out5264RBout
of5265INof
a5266DTa
party5267NNparty
's5268POS's
pocket5269NNpocket
.5270SENT.
[MR. YANG]5271LOC[MR. YANG]
That5272DTthat
...5273:...
that5274WDTthat
is5275VBZbe
true5276JJtrue
for5277INfor
many5278JJmany
tort5279NNtort
cases5280NNScase
,5281,,
although5282INalthough
I5283PPI
do5284VVPdo
n't5285RBn't
believe5286VVbelieve
it5287PPit
's5288VBZbe
unheard5289JJunheard
of5290INof
.5291SENT.
The5292DTthe
...5293:...
there5294EXthere
are5295VBPbe
,5296,,
depending5297VVGdepend
on5298INon
the5299DTthe
risk5300NNrisk
...5301:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5302LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Yeah5303UHYeah
,5304,,
I5305PPI
said5306VVDsay
unusual5307JJunusual
,5308,,
yeah5309RByeah
.5310SENT.
[MR. YANG]5311LOC[MR. YANG]
Yeah5312NPYeah
,5313,,
and5314CCand
in5315INin
a5316DTa
lot5317NNlot
of5318INof
these5319DTthese
cases5320NNScase
,5321,,
you5322PPyou
must5323MDmust
understand5324VVunderstand
these5325DTthese
are5326VBPbe
all5327RBall
generally5328RBgenerally
taken5329VVNtake
on5330INon
contingency5331NNcontingency
.5332SENT.
So5333RBso
...5334:...
and5335CCand
we5336PPwe
're5337VBPbe
talking5338VVGtalk
about5339INabout
low5340JJlow
stakes5341NNSstake
,5342,,
and5343CCand
there5344EXthere
's5345VBZbe
uncertainty5346NNuncertainty
about5347INabout
how5348WRBhow
many5349JJmany
,5350,,
if5351INif
any5352DTany
,5353,,
past-due5354JJpast-due
benefits5355NNSbenefit
,5356,,
even5357RBeven
if5358INif
you5359PPyou
prevail5360VVPprevail
...5361:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5362LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Well5363UHwell
,5364,,
it5365PPit
's5366VBZbe
low5367JJlow
stakes5368NNSstake
for5369INfor
the5370DTthe
attorney5371NNattorney
,5372,,
but5373CCbut
it5374PPit
's5375VBZbe
high5376JJhigh
stakes5377NNSstake
for5378INfor
the5379DTthe
claimant5380NNclaimant
.5381SENT.
[MR. YANG]5382LOC[MR. YANG]
That5383DTthat
is5384VBZbe
true5385JJtrue
,5386,,
but5387CCbut
,5388,,
again5389RBagain
,5390,,
there5391EXthere
are5392VBPbe
two5393CDtwo
countervailing5394VVGcountervail
interests5395NNSinterest
that5396IN/thatthat
Congress5397NPCongress
was5398VBDbe
trying5399VVGtry
to5400TOto
address5401VVaddress
here5402RBhere
.5403SENT.
One5404PPone
was5405VBDbe
excessive5406JJexcessive
fees5407NNSfee
,5408,,
which5409WDTwhich
I5410PPI
think5411VVPthink
will5412MDwill
depend5413VVdepend
on5414INon
the5415DTthe
circumstances5416NNScircumstance
of5417INof
the5418DTthe
case5419NNcase
,5420,,
what5421WPwhat
is5422VBZbe
excessive5423JJexcessive
.5424SENT.
But5425CCbut
the5426DTthe
other5427JJother
is5428VBZbe
assuring5429VVGassure
adequate5430JJadequate
representation5431NNrepresentation
for5432INfor
claimants5433NNSclaimant
.5434SENT.
That5435DTthat
's5436VBZbe
an5437DTan
important5438JJimportant
element5439NNelement
of5440INof
this5441DTthis
.5442SENT.
And5443CCand
if5444INif
you5445PPyou
...5446:...
if5447INif
the5448DTthe
cap5449NNcap
is5450VBZbe
too5451RBtoo
...5452:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5453LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
That's5454NPThat's
...5455:...
that5456WDTthat
's5457VBZbe
where5458WRBwhere
...5459:...
I5460PPI
'm5461VBPbe
sorry5462JJsorry
to5463TOto
belabor5464VVbelabor
this5465DTthis
,5466,,
but5467CCbut
that5468DTthat
's5469VBZbe
where5470WRBwhere
the5471DTthe
amicus5472NNamicus
briefs5473NNSbrief
of5474INof
the5475DTthe
disabled5476JJdisabled
...5477:...
disability5478NNdisability
attorneys5479NNSattorney
comes5480VVZcome
in5481INin
because5482INbecause
they5483PPthey
say5484VVPsay
they5485PPthey
usually5486RBusually
agree5487VVPagree
not5488RBnot
to5489TOto
take5490VVtake
more5491JJRmore
than5492INthan
percent5493NNpercent
.5494SENT.
So5495RBso
I5496PPI
'm5497VBPbe
not5498RBnot
sure5499JJsure
how5500WRBhow
your5501PP$your
point5502NNpoint
about5503INabout
the5504DTthe
incentive5505NNincentive
structure5506NNstructure
actually5507RBactually
fits5508VVZfit
what5509WPwhat
's5510VBZbe
going5511VVGgo
on5512INon
in5513INin
those5514DTthose
areas5515NNSarea
...5516:...
[MR. YANG]5517LOC[MR. YANG]
Well5518UHwell
,5519,,
I5520PPI
think5521VVPthink
attorneys5522NNSattorney
...5523:...
the5524DTthe
fee5525NNfee
...5526:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5527LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
...5528:...
where5529WRBwhere
there5530EXthere
's5531VBZbe
not5532RBnot
a5533DTa
cap5534NNcap
.5535SENT.
[MR. YANG]5536LOC[MR. YANG]
...5537:...
the5538DTthe
typical5539JJtypical
fee5540NNfee
agreement5541NNagreement
that5542WDTthat
exists5543VVZexist
caps5544NNScap
out5545RBout
at5546INat
255547CD@card@
percent5548NNpercent
of5549INof
past-due5550JJpast-due
benefits5551NNSbenefit
,5552,,
both5553CCboth
for5554INfor
the5555DTthe
agency5556NNagency
and5557CCand
for5558INfor
the5559DTthe
attorney5560NNattorney
.5561SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]5562LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Exactly5563RBexactly
.5564SENT.
So5565RBso
you5566PPyou
do5567VVPdo
n't5568RBn't
need5569VVneed
505570CD@card@
percent5571NNpercent
to5572TOto
incentivize5573VVincentivize
.5574SENT.
[MR. YANG]5575LOC[MR. YANG]
Well5576UHwell
,5577,,
there5578EXthere
are5579VBPbe
different5580JJdifferent
fee5581NNfee
agreements5582NNSagreement
,5583,,
both5584CCboth
for5585INfor
the5586DTthe
agency5587NNagency
at5588INat
255589CD@card@
and5590CCand
for5591INfor
the5592DTthe
court5593NNcourt
at5594INat
255595CD@card@
.5596SENT.
That5597DTthat
...5598:...
that5599WDTthat
's5600VBZbe
what5601WPwhat
was5602VBDbe
at5603INat
issue5604NNissue
here5605RBhere
.5606SENT.
So5607RBso
,5608,,
if5609INif
you5610PPyou
were5611VBDbe
to5612TOto
look5613VVlook
at5614INat
the5615DTthe
fee5616NNfee
agreements5617NNSagreement
that5618WDTthat
were5619VBDbe
signed5620VVNsign
by5621INby
Mr5622NPMr
.5623SENT.
Culbertson5624NPCulbertson
and5625CCand
the5626DTthe
claimant5627NNclaimant
in5628INin
this5629DTthis
case5630NNcase
,5631,,
it5632PPit
actually5633RBactually
would5634MDwould
be5635VBbe
a5636DTa
505637CD@card@
percent5638NNpercent
fee5639NNfee
that5640WDTthat
was5641VBDbe
agreed5642VVNagree
to5643TOto
.5644SENT.
So5645RBso
I5646PPI
think5647VVPthink
the5648DTthe
...5649:...
what5650WPwhat
...5651:...
what5652WPwhat
you5653PPyou
may5654MDmay
be5655VBbe
referring5656VVGrefer
to5657TOto
in5658INin
the5659DTthe
agency5660NNagency
or5661CCor
in5662INin
the5663DTthe
amicus5664NNamicus
brief5665NNbrief
was5666VBDbe
fee5667NNfee
agreements5668NNSagreement
are5669VBPbe
255670CD@card@
percent5671NNpercent
,5672,,
but5673CCbut
there5674EXthere
's5675VBZbe
a5676DTa
fee5677NNfee
agreement5678NNagreement
for5679INfor
agency5680NNagency
proceedings5681NNSproceeding
and5682CCand
there5683EXthere
's5684VBZbe
a5685DTa
separate5686JJseparate
one5687CDone
for5688INfor
court5689NNcourt
proceedings5690NNSproceeding
.5691SENT.
[JUSTICE KAGAN]5692LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
So5693RBso
,5694,,
if5695INif
I5696PPI
understand5697VVPunderstand
what5698WPwhat
you5699PPyou
're5700VBPbe
saying5701VVGsay
to5702TOto
us5703PPus
,5704,,
Mr5705NPMr
.5706SENT.
Yang5707NPYang
,5708,,
there5709EXthere
have5710VHPhave
been5711VBNbe
...5712:...
one5713PPone
could5714MDcould
respond5715VVrespond
to5716TOto
some5717DTsome
of5718INof
these5719DTthese
qualms5720NNSqualm
about5721INabout
a5722DTa
505723CD@card@
percent5724NNpercent
fee5725NNfee
by5726INby
saying5727VVGsay
do5728VVPdo
n't5729RBn't
worry5730VVworry
,5731,,
it5732PPit
will5733MDwill
never5734RBnever
happen5735VVhappen
.5736SENT.
But5737CCbut
you5738PPyou
're5739VBPbe
specifically5740RBspecifically
not5741RBnot
saying5742VVGsay
that5743DTthat
.5744SENT.
You5745PPyou
're5746VBPbe
saying5747VVGsay
in5748INin
a5749DTa
case5750NNcase
where5751WRBwhere
there5752EXthere
are5753VBPbe
proceedings5754NNSproceeding
at5755INat
two5756CDtwo
different5757JJdifferent
levels5758NNSlevel
,5759,,
505760CD@card@
percent5761NNpercent
fees5762NNSfee
is5763VBZbe
going5764VVGgo
to5765TOto
happen5766VVhappen
,5767,,
and5768CCand
it5769PPit
's5770VBZbe
going5771VVGgo
to5772TOto
happen5773VVhappen
in5774INin
order5775NNorder
to5776TOto
ensure5777VVensure
representation5778NNrepresentation
at5779INat
both5780DTboth
of5781INof
those5782DTthose
levels5783NNSlevel
.5784SENT.
[MR. YANG]5785LOC[MR. YANG]
It5786PPit
...5787:...
it5788PPit
...5789:...
it5790PPit
may5791MDmay
well5792RBwell
happen5793VVhappen
.5794SENT.
Those5795DTthose
fees5796NNSfee
would5797MDwould
have5798VHhave
to5799TOto
be5800VBbe
determined5801VVNdetermine
to5802TOto
be5803VBbe
reasonable5804JJreasonable
,5805,,
but5806CCbut
...5807:...
and5808CCand
that5809IN/thatthat
there5810EXthere
is5811VBZbe
a5812DTa
judicial5813JJjudicial
as5814RBas
well5815RBwell
as5816INas
an5817DTan
administrative5818JJadministrative
check5819NNcheck
on5820INon
that5821DTthat
.5822SENT.
But5823CCbut
,5824,,
yes5825UHyes
,5826,,
if5827INif
it5828PPit
is5829VBZbe
a5830DTa
reasonable5831JJreasonable
fee5832NNfee
in5833INin
those5834DTthose
circumstances5835NNScircumstance
,5836,,
sometimes5837RBsometimes
it5838PPit
may5839MDmay
well5840RBwell
be5841VBbe
percent5842NNpercent
.5843SENT.
And5844CCand
that5845DTthat
is5846VBZbe
a5847DTa
necessary5848JJnecessary
consequence5849NNconsequence
of5850INof
the5851DTthe
...5852:...
of5853INof
providing5854VVGprovide
sufficient5855JJsufficient
incentives5856NNSincentive
that5857WDTthat
Congress5858NPCongress
thought5859VVDthink
were5860VBDbe
appropriate5861JJappropriate
in5862INin
this5863DTthis
context5864NNcontext
to5865TOto
incentivize5866VVincentivize
counsel5867NNcounsel
both5868CCboth
at5869INat
the5870DTthe
agency5871NNagency
level5872NNlevel
and5873CCand
before5874INbefore
the5875DTthe
court5876NNcourt
.5877SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]5878LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Thank5879VVthank
you5880PPyou
,5881,,
counsel5882NNcounsel
.5883SENT.
[MR. YANG]5884LOC[MR. YANG]
Thank5885VVthank
you5886PPyou
.5887SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]5888LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Ms5889NNMs
.5890SENT.
Weil5891NPWeil
.5892SENT.
[MS. WEIL]5893LOC[MS. WEIL]
Mr5894NPMr
.5895SENT.
Chief5896NPChief
Justice5897NPJustice
,5898,,
and5899CCand
may5900MDmay
it5901PPit
please5902VVplease
the5903DTthe
Court5904NPCourt
:5905::
Section5906NPSection
4065907CD@card@
is5908VBZbe
not5909RBnot
a5910DTa
model5911NNmodel
of5912INof
clarity5913NNclarity
.5914SENT.
It5915PPit
's5916VBZbe
a5917DTa
piecemeal5918JJpiecemeal
statute5919NNstatute
that5920WDTthat
was5921VBDbe
enacted5922VVNenact
over5923INover
a5924DTa
series5925NNseries
of5926INof
amendments5927NNSamendment
over5928INover
a5929DTa
course5930NNcourse
of5931INof
505932CD@card@
years5933NNSyear
.5934SENT.
But5935CCbut
the5936DTthe
best5937JJSgood
interpretation5938NNinterpretation
of5939INof
its5940PP$its
provisions5941NNSprovision
,5942,,
one5943CDone
that5944WDTthat
the5945DTthe
agency5946NNagency
has5947VHZhave
adopted5948VVNadopt
and5949CCand
...5950:...
and5951CCand
argued5952VVDargue
in5953INin
favor5954NNfavor
of5955INof
in5956INin
the5957DTthe
courts5958NNScourt
for5959INfor
half5960PDThalf
a5961DTa
century5962NNcentury
,5963,,
up5964RBup
until5965INuntil
April5966NPApril
of5967INof
this5968DTthis
year5969NNyear
,5970,,
is5971VBZbe
that5972IN/thatthat
it5973PPit
imposes5974VVZimpose
a5975DTa
255976CD@card@
percent5977NNpercent
aggregate5978JJaggregate
cap5979NNcap
on5980INon
agency5981NNagency
and5982CCand
court5983NNcourt
fees5984NNSfee
.5985SENT.
There5986EXthere
are5987VBPbe
three5988CDthree
primary5989JJprimary
reasons5990NNSreason
why5991WRBwhy
this5992DTthis
is5993VBZbe
the5994DTthe
best5995JJSgood
interpretation5996NNinterpretation
of5997INof
the5998DTthe
statute5999NNstatute
.6000SENT.
First6001RBfirst
,6002,,
it6003PPit
is6004VBZbe
the6005DTthe
most6006RBSmost
plausible6007JJplausible
reading6008NNreading
.6009SENT.
When6010WRBwhen
you6011PPyou
take6012VVPtake
all6013DTall
of6014INof
the6015DTthe
amendments6016NNSamendment
as6017INas
a6018DTa
whole6019NNwhole
,6020,,
when6021WRBwhen
you6022PPyou
read6023VVPread
it6024PPit
,6025,,
and6026CCand
in6027INin
the6028DTthe
order6029NNorder
...6030:...
in6031INin
the6032DTthe
order6033NNorder
in6034INin
the6035DTthe
enactment6036NNenactment
of6037INof
the6038DTthe
amendments6039NNSamendment
,6040,,
and6041CCand
if6042INif
you6043PPyou
look6044VVPlook
at6045INat
the6046DTthe
multiple6047JJmultiple
references6048NNSreference
within6049INwithin
them6050PPthem
to6051TOto
a6052DTa
256053CD@card@
percent6054NNpercent
cap6055NNcap
,6056,,
and6057CCand
if6058INif
you6059PPyou
look6060VVPlook
at6061INat
the6062DTthe
fact6063NNfact
that6064IN/thatthat
the6065DTthe
eye6066NNeye
toward6067INtoward
the6068DTthe
purpose6069NNpurpose
of6070INof
the6071DTthe
statute6072NNstatute
is6073VBZbe
to6074TOto
regulate6075VVregulate
attorney6076NNattorney
's6077POS's
fees6078NNSfee
in6079INin
a6080DTa
fair6081JJfair
manner6082NNmanner
,6083,,
to6084TOto
protect6085VVprotect
the6086DTthe
benefits6087NNSbenefit
of6088INof
the6089DTthe
disabled6090JJdisabled
with6091INwith
one6092CDone
256093CD@card@
percent6094NNpercent
withholding6095NNwithholding
,6096,,
it6097PPit
is6098VBZbe
a6099DTa
reasonable6100JJreasonable
,6101,,
plausible6102JJplausible
interpretation6103NNinterpretation
.6104SENT.
And6105CCand
it6106PPit
is6107VBZbe
one6108CDone
,6109,,
second6110RBsecond
,6111,,
which6112WDTwhich
the6113DTthe
agency6114NNagency
agreed6115VVDagree
with6116INwith
and6117CCand
devised6118VVDdevise
a6119DTa
framework6120NNframework
for6121INfor
the6122DTthe
payment6123NNpayment
of6124INof
fees6125NNSfee
and6126CCand
the6127DTthe
representation6128NNrepresentation
of6129INof
claimants6130NNSclaimant
in6131INin
the6132DTthe
...6133:...
before6134INbefore
the6135DTthe
agency6136NNagency
and6137CCand
before6138INbefore
the6139DTthe
court6140NNcourt
.6141SENT.
And6142CCand
they6143PPthey
created6144VVDcreate
this6145DTthis
framework6146NNframework
with6147INwith
,6148,,
as6149INas
its6150PP$its
most6151RBSmost
notable6152JJnotable
feature6153NNfeature
,6154,,
this6155DTthis
one6156CDone
percent6157NNpercent
cap6158NNcap
,6159,,
which6160WDTwhich
would6161MDwould
make6162VVmake
little6163JJlittle
sense6164NNsense
if6165INif
there6166EXthere
was6167VBDbe
not6168RBnot
an6169DTan
aggregate6170JJaggregate
256171CD@card@
percent6172NNpercent
cap6173NNcap
on6174INon
fees6175NNSfee
.6176SENT.
There6177EXthere
's6178VBZbe
one6179CDone
256180CD@card@
percent6181NNpercent
withholding6182NNwithholding
.6183SENT.
And6184CCand
,6185,,
also6186RBalso
,6187,,
third6188JJthird
,6189,,
the6190DTthe
capping6191VVGcap
of6192INof
these6193DTthese
fees6194NNSfee
by6195INby
256196CD@card@
percent6197NNpercent
balances6198VVZbalance
what6199WPwhat
we6200PPwe
know6201VVPknow
to6202TOto
be6203VBbe
Congress6204NPCongress
's6205POS's
intent6206NNintent
.6207SENT.
It6208PPit
was6209VBDbe
stated6210VVNstate
in6211INin
19656212CD@card@
in6213INin
enacting6214VVGenact
the6215DTthe
first6216JJfirst
256217CD@card@
percent6218NNpercent
cap6219NNcap
.6220SENT.
They6221PPthey
were6222VBDbe
concerned6223VVNconcern
about6224INabout
the6225DTthe
inordinate6226JJinordinate
attorney6227NNattorney
's6228POS's
fees6229NNSfee
that6230WDTthat
were6231VBDbe
being6232VBGbe
collected6233VVNcollect
when6234RBwhen
...6235:...
when6236WRBwhen
the6237DTthe
court6238NNcourt
fees6239NNSfee
were6240VBDbe
not6241RBnot
being6242VBGbe
regulated6243VVNregulate
.6244SENT.
At6245INat
the6246DTthe
time6247NNtime
,6248,,
the6249DTthe
agency6250NNagency
fees6251NNSfee
were6252VBDbe
regulated6253VVNregulate
to6254TOto
$6255$$
206256CD@card@
or6257CCor
$6258$$
306259CD@card@
if6260INif
you6261PPyou
had6262VHDhave
to6263TOto
go6264VVgo
before6265INbefore
the6266DTthe
Appeals6267NPAppeals
Council6268NPCouncil
also6269RBalso
,6270,,
but6271CCbut
there6272EXthere
was6273VBDbe
no6274DTno
cap6275NNcap
on6276INon
court6277NNcourt
fees6278NNSfee
.6279SENT.
And6280CCand
they6281PPthey
were6282VBDbe
concerned6283VVNconcern
by6284INby
just6285RBjust
percent6286NNpercent
,6287,,
but6288CCbut
a6289DTa
third6290JJthird
to6291TOto
a6292DTa
half6293NNhalf
of6294INof
fees6295NNSfee
being6296VBGbe
paid6297VVNpay
to6298TOto
attorneys6299NNSattorney
for6300INfor
having6301VHGhave
to6302TOto
take6303VVtake
these6304DTthese
cases6305NNScase
to6306TOto
court6307NNcourt
.6308SENT.
If6309INif
the6310DTthe
claimants6311NNSclaimant
had6312VHDhave
been6313VBNbe
successful6314JJsuccessful
originally6315RBoriginally
and6316CCand
the6317DTthe
agency6318NNagency
had6319VHDhave
n't6320RBn't
wrongfully6321RBwrongfully
withheld6322VVNwithhold
the6323DTthe
benefits6324NNSbenefit
,6325,,
the6326DTthe
...6327:...
the6328DTthe
claimants6329NNSclaimant
would6330MDwould
have6331VHhave
had6332VHNhave
1006333CD@card@
percent6334NNpercent
of6335INof
their6336PP$their
past-due6337JJpast-due
benefits6338NNSbenefit
.6339SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]6340LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
Counsel6341NPCounsel
,6342,,
on6343INon
that6344IN/thatthat
on6345INon
the6346DTthe
incentive6347NNincentive
structure6348NNstructure
point6349NNpoint
,6350,,
I6351PPI
...6352:...
I6353PPI
...6354:...
I6355PPI
can6356MDcan
surely6357RBsurely
understand6358VVunderstand
the6359DTthe
impulse6360NNimpulse
,6361,,
and6362CCand
I6363PPI
...6364:...
I6365PPI
feel6366VVPfeel
that6367IN/thatthat
the6368DTthe
256369CD@card@
percent6370NNpercent
's6371VBZbe
quite6372RBquite
a6373DTa
lot6374NNlot
,6375,,
even6376RBeven
if6377INif
past-due6378JJpast-due
benefits6379NNSbenefit
,6380,,
I6381PPI
know6382VVPknow
future6383JJfuture
benefits6384NNSbenefit
are6385VBPbe
untouched6386JJuntouched
,6387,,
and6388CCand
that6389DTthat
's6390VBZbe
a6391DTa
sympathetic6392JJsympathetic
position6393NNposition
.6394SENT.
But6395CCbut
could6396MDcould
n't6397RBn't
a6398DTa
rational6399JJrational
Congress6400NPCongress
also6401RBalso
think6402VVPthink
that6403IN/thatthat
there6404EXthere
are6405VBPbe
some6406DTsome
extraordinary6407JJextraordinary
cases6408NNScase
that6409WDTthat
are6410VBPbe
hard6411JJhard
and6412CCand
in6413INin
order6414NNorder
to6415TOto
incentivize6416VVincentivize
attorneys6417NNSattorney
more6418RBRmore
might6419MDmight
be6420VBbe
appropriate6421JJappropriate
,6422,,
in6423INin
order6424NNorder
...6425:...
I6426PPI
mean6427VVPmean
,6428,,
if6429INif
you6430PPyou
overregulate6431VVPoverregulate
,6432,,
you6433PPyou
create6434VVPcreate
scarcity6435NNscarcity
,6436,,
right6437RBright
?6438SENT?
And6439CCand
if6440INif
you6441PPyou
overregulate6442VVPoverregulate
the6443DTthe
availability6444NNavailability
of6445INof
attorneys6446NNSattorney
,6447,,
nobody6448NNnobody
's6449VBZbe
going6450VVGgo
to6451TOto
take6452VVtake
the6453DTthe
case6454NNcase
.6455SENT.
[MS. WEIL]6456LOC[MS. WEIL]
That6457DTthat
is6458VBZbe
the6459DTthe
...6460:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]6461LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
And6462CCand
so6463RBso
,6464,,
here6465RBhere
,6466,,
is6467VBZbe
n't6468RBn't
it6469PPit
at6470INat
least6471JJSleast
conceivable6472JJconceivable
that6473IN/thatthat
a6474DTa
rational6475JJrational
Congress6476NPCongress
might6477MDmight
think6478VVthink
there6479EXthere
would6480MDwould
be6481VBbe
an6482DTan
odd6483JJodd
case6484NNcase
where6485WRBwhere
you6486PPyou
need6487VVPneed
above6488INabove
256489CD@card@
percent6490NNpercent
,6491,,
up6492RBup
to6493TOto
506494CD@card@
,6495,,
but6496CCbut
we6497PPwe
're6498VBPbe
going6499VVGgo
to6500TOto
put6501VVput
in6502INin
special6503JJspecial
checks6504NNScheck
,6505,,
a6506DTa
reasonableness6507NNreasonableness
inquiry6508NNinquiry
at6509INat
...6510:...
at6511INat
the6512DTthe
administrative6513JJadministrative
level6514NNlevel
and6515CCand
a6516DTa
reasonableness6517NNreasonableness
inquiry6518NNinquiry
at6519INat
the6520DTthe
district6521NNdistrict
court6522NNcourt
,6523,,
all6524DTall
of6525INof
which6526WDTwhich
is6527VBZbe
subject6528JJsubject
to6529TOto
further6530RBRfurther
review6531VVreview
,6532,,
I6533PPI
'm6534VBPbe
sure6535JJsure
.6536SENT.
So6537RBso
why6538RBwhy
...6539:...
why6540RBwhy
...6541:...
why6542WRBwhy
is6543VBZbe
that6544IN/thatthat
an6545DTan
irrational6546JJirrational
scheme6547NNscheme
to6548TOto
provide6549VVprovide
incentive6550NNincentive
structures6551NNSstructure
so6552INso
that6553WDTthat
people6554NNSpeople
do6555VVPdo
have6556VHPhave
representation6557NNrepresentation
and6558CCand
that6559IN/thatthat
there6560EXthere
is6561VBZbe
n't6562RBn't
artificial6563JJartificial
scarcity6564NNscarcity
?6565SENT?
[MS. WEIL]6566LOC[MS. WEIL]
See6567NPSee
,6568,,
it6569PPit
's6570VBZbe
not6571RBnot
an6572DTan
irrational6573JJirrational
scheme6574NNscheme
to6575TOto
say6576VVsay
they6577PPthey
would6578MDwould
have6579VHhave
done6580VVNdo
it6581PPit
some6582DTsome
other6583JJother
way6584NNway
.6585SENT.
They6586PPthey
did6587VVDdo
it6588PPit
this6589DTthis
way6590NNway
because6591INbecause
this6592DTthis
is6593VBZbe
the6594DTthe
way6595NNway
that6596IN/thatthat
balanced6597JJbalanced
.6598SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]6599LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
Okay6600NPOkay
.6601SENT.
So6602INso
your6603PP$your
argument6604NNargument
is6605VBZbe
that6606IN/thatthat
on6607INon
the6608DTthe
text6609NNtext
you6610PPyou
win6611VVPwin
...6612:...
[MS. WEIL]6613LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well6614UHWell
...6615:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]6616LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
...6617:...
but6618CCbut
as6619INas
a6620DTa
matter6621NNmatter
of6622INof
policy6623NNpolicy
you6624PPyou
admit6625VVPadmit
it6626PPit
's6627VBZbe
a6628DTa
draw6629NNdraw
?6630SENT?
[MS. WEIL]6631LOC[MS. WEIL]
...6632:...
as6633INas
a6634DTa
matter6635NNmatter
of6636INof
policy6637NNpolicy
,6638,,
there6639EXthere
's6640VBZbe
never6641RBnever
been6642VBNbe
any6643DTany
showing6644NNshowing
by6645INby
anyone6646NNanyone
that6647IN/thatthat
there6648EXthere
's6649VBZbe
a6650DTa
disincentive6651NNdisincentive
to6652TOto
taking6653VVGtake
cases6654NNScase
because6655INbecause
of6656INof
a6657DTa
cumulative6658JJcumulative
256659CD@card@
percent6660NNpercent
.6661SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]6662LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
You6663PPyou
admit6664VVPadmit
a6665DTa
...6666:...
a6667DTa
...6668:...
a6669DTa
...6670:...
a6671DTa
reasonable6672JJreasonable
Congress6673NPCongress
could6674MDcould
worry6675VVworry
about6676INabout
that6677DTthat
scenario6678NNscenario
?6679SENT?
[MS. WEIL]6680LOC[MS. WEIL]
This6681NPThis
Congress6682NPCongress
did6683VVDdo
worry6684NNworry
about6685INabout
the6686DTthe
scenario6687NNscenario
...6688:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]6689LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
Okay6690NPOkay
.6691SENT.
[MS. WEIL]6692LOC[MS. WEIL]
...6693:...
of6694INof
their6695PP$their
getting6696VVGget
more6697JJRmore
than6698INthan
256699CD@card@
percent6700NNpercent
.6701SENT.
And6702CCand
they6703PPthey
had6704VHDhave
to6705TOto
balance6706VVbalance
because6707INbecause
they6708PPthey
wanted6709VVDwant
to6710TOto
make6711VVmake
sure6712JJsure
people6713NNSpeople
were6714VBDbe
going6715VVGgo
to6716TOto
take6717VVtake
these6718DTthese
cases6719NNScase
.6720SENT.
And6721CCand
,6722,,
as6723INas
it6724PPit
turned6725VVDturn
out6726RPout
,6727,,
they6728PPthey
do6729VVPdo
.6730SENT.
There6731EXthere
's6732VBZbe
a6733DTa
very6734RBvery
healthy6735JJhealthy
Social6736NPSocial
Security6737NPSecurity
bar6738NNbar
.6739SENT.
We6740PPwe
also6741RBalso
have6742VHPhave
the6743DTthe
EAJA6744NPEAJA
fees6745NNSfee
to6746TOto
help6747VVhelp
protect6748VVprotect
attorneys6749NNSattorney
.6750SENT.
And6751CCand
if6752INif
you6753PPyou
...6754:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]6755LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
So6756RBso
is6757VBZbe
the6758DTthe
only6759RBonly
...6760:...
does6761VVZdo
this6762DTthis
example6763NNexample
,6764,,
an6765DTan
example6766NNexample
of6767INof
where6768WRBwhere
they6769PPthey
might6770MDmight
get6771VVget
more6772RBRmore
,6773,,
they6774PPthey
work6775VVPwork
very6776RBvery
hard6777JJhard
,6778,,
long6779JJlong
hours6780NNShour
,6781,,
and6782CCand
they6783PPthey
get6784VVPget
the6785DTthe
client6786NNclient
,6787,,
disabled6788JJdisabled
,6789,,
and6790CCand
as6791INas
a6792DTa
result6793NNresult
of6794INof
that6795DTthat
,6796,,
the6797DTthe
client6798NNclient
gets6799VVZget
$6800$$
5,0006801CD@card@
,6802,,
but6803CCbut
the6804DTthe
client6805NNclient
also6806RBalso
gets6807VVZget
up6808RPup
to6809TOto
as6810RBas
long6811JJlong
as6812INas
he6813PPhe
lives6814VVZlive
,6815,,
and6816CCand
that6817DTthat
's6818VBZbe
all6819DTall
future6820NNfuture
.6821SENT.
So6822INso
the6823DTthe
client6824NNclient
eventually6825RBeventually
will6826MDwill
get6827VVget
half6828PDThalf
a6829DTa
million6830CDmillion
dollars6831NNSdollar
.6832SENT.
And6833CCand
so6834RBso
the6835DTthe
lawyer6836NNlawyer
says6837VVZsay
:6838::
Look6839VVlook
,6840,,
I6841PPI
...6842:...
I6843PPI
worked6844VVDwork
for6845INfor
four6846CDfour
months6847NNSmonth
,6848,,
and6849CCand
I6850PPI
know6851VVPknow
the6852DTthe
past6853JJpast
amount6854NNamount
's6855POS's
only6856RBonly
$6857$$
5,0006858CD@card@
,6859,,
but6860CCbut
when6861WRBwhen
you6862PPyou
look6863VVPlook
at6864INat
what6865WPwhat
I6866PPI
got6867VVDget
for6868INfor
my6869PP$my
client6870NNclient
,6871,,
it6872PPit
was6873VBDbe
half6874PDThalf
a6875DTa
million6876CDmillion
,6877,,
and6878CCand
I6879PPI
spent6880VVDspend
hours6881NNShour
.6882SENT.
So6883RBso
,6884,,
please6885UHplease
,6886,,
give6887VVgive
me6888PPme
not6889RBnot
just6890RBjust
$6891$$
12506892CD@card@
but6893CCbut
$6894$$
25006895CD@card@
.6896SENT.
[MS. WEIL]6897LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well6898UHWell
,6899,,
Your6900PP$your
...6901:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]6902LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
Okay6903NPOkay
?6904SENT?
Now6905RBnow
...6906:...
but6907CCbut
have6908VHPhave
I6909PPI
...6910:...
have6911VHPhave
I6912PPI
...6913:...
see6914VVsee
,6915,,
I6916PPI
'm6917VBPbe
using6918VVGuse
that6919IN/thatthat
as6920INas
an6921DTan
example6922NNexample
in6923INin
my6924PP$my
mind6925NNmind
as6926INas
an6927DTan
example6928NNexample
of6929INof
where6930WRBwhere
,6931,,
well6932RBwell
,6933,,
this6934DTthis
could6935MDcould
be6936VBbe
justified6937VVNjustify
.6938SENT.
Now6939RBnow
do6940VVPdo
I6941PPI
have6942VHhave
it6943PPit
right6944RBright
?6945SENT?
That6946DTthat
's6947VBZbe
what6948WPwhat
I6949PPI
'm6950VBPbe
not6951RBnot
certain6952JJcertain
about6953RBabout
.6954SENT.
[MS. WEIL]6955LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well6956UHWell
,6957,,
if6958INif
you6959PPyou
look6960VVPlook
at6961INat
the6962DTthe
way6963NNway
the6964DTthe
...6965:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]6966LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
Is6967VBZbe
my6968PP$my
example6969NNexample
right6970NNright
?6971SENT?
[MS. WEIL]6972LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well6973UHWell
,6974,,
your6975PP$your
example6976NNexample
probably6977RBprobably
is6978VBZbe
n't6979RBn't
going6980VVGgo
to6981TOto
come6982VVcome
out6983RPout
that6984IN/thatthat
there6985EXthere
's6986VBZbe
four6987CDfour
months6988NNSmonth
.6989SENT.
The6990DTthe
way6991NNway
this6992DTthis
really6993RBreally
works6994VVZwork
is6995VBZbe
,6996,,
if6997INif
you6998PPyou
go6999VVPgo
before7000INbefore
the7001DTthe
agency7002NNagency
and7003CCand
you7004PPyou
win7005VVPwin
,7006,,
you7007PPyou
get7008VVPget
agency7009NNagency
fees7010NNSfee
.7011SENT.
You7012PPyou
can7013MDcan
get7014VVget
up7015RPup
to7016TOto
257017CD@card@
percent7018NNpercent
.7019SENT.
You7020PPyou
're7021VBPbe
probably7022RBprobably
not7023RBnot
going7024VVGgo
to7025TOto
have7026VHhave
been7027VBNbe
there7028RBthere
for7029INfor
more7030JJRmore
than7031INthan
four7032CDfour
or7033CCor
six7034CDsix
months7035NNSmonth
,7036,,
maybe7037RBmaybe
a7038DTa
year7039NNyear
,7040,,
but7041CCbut
you7042PPyou
get7043VVPget
the7044DTthe
benefits7045NNSbenefit
that7046WDTthat
are7047VBPbe
accumulating7048VVGaccumulate
over7049INover
time7050NNtime
.7051SENT.
It7052PPit
's7053VBZbe
sort7054NNsort
of7055INof
like7056JJlike
passive7057JJpassive
money7058NNmoney
.7059SENT.
It7060PPit
's7061VBZbe
accumulating7062VVGaccumulate
over7063INover
time7064NNtime
.7065SENT.
So7066RBso
as7067INas
those7068DTthose
benefits7069NNSbenefit
...7070:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]7071LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
It7072PPit
all7073RBall
adds7074VVZadd
up7075RPup
to7076TOto
$7077$$
50,0007078CD@card@
because7079INbecause
of7080INof
the7081DTthe
accumulation7082NNaccumulation
...7083:...
[MS. WEIL]7084LOC[MS. WEIL]
So7085INso
it7086PPit
could7087MDcould
add7088VVadd
up7089RPup
.7090SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]7091LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
...7092:...
so7093RBso
now7094RBnow
we7095PPwe
get7096VVget
$7097$$
12,5007098CD@card@
and7099CCand
he7100PPhe
would7101MDwould
like7102VVlike
$7103$$
12,0007104CD@card@
more7105RBRmore
because7106INbecause
he7107PPhe
had7108VHDhave
to7109TOto
go7110VVgo
to7111TOto
court7112NNcourt
,7113,,
and7114CCand
that7115WDTthat
took7116VVDtake
another7117DTanother
two7118CDtwo
years7119NNSyear
,7120,,
and7121CCand
,7122,,
besides7123RBbesides
,7124,,
the7125DTthe
client7126NNclient
will7127MDwill
not7128RBnot
get7129VVget
$7130$$
50,0007131CD@card@
.7132SENT.
He7133PPhe
will7134MDwill
get7135VVget
half7136PDThalf
a7137DTa
million7138CDmillion
because7139INbecause
he7140PPhe
's7141VBZbe
going7142VVGgo
to7143TOto
live7144VVlive
for7145INfor
about7146RBabout
907147CD@card@
more7148JJRmore
years7149NNSyear
.7150SENT.
[MS. WEIL]7151LOC[MS. WEIL]
But7152CCbut
what7153WPwhat
you7154PPyou
have7155VHPhave
to7156TOto
take7157VVtake
into7158INinto
account7159NNaccount
,7160,,
Your7161PP$your
Honor7162NPHonor
,7163,,
is7164VBZbe
the7165DTthe
fact7166NNfact
that7167WDTthat
...7168:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]7169LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
I7170PPI
just7171RBjust
need7172VVPneed
...7173:...
I7174PPI
need7175VVPneed
to7176TOto
know7177VVknow
first7178JJfirst
and7179CCand
foremost7180JJforemost
...7181:...
[MS. WEIL]7182LOC[MS. WEIL]
Right7183RBright
.7184SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]7185LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
...7186:...
is7187VBZbe
...7188:...
is7189VBZbe
...7190:...
is7191VBZbe
what7192WPwhat
I7193PPI
say7194VVPsay
...7195:...
this7196DTthis
is7197VBZbe
a7198DTa
tough7199JJtough
statute7200NNstatute
for7201INfor
me7202PPme
...7203:...
I7204PPI
mean7205VVPmean
,7206,,
is7207VBZbe
...7208:...
is7209VBZbe
this7210DTthis
...7211:...
have7212VHPhave
I7213PPI
got7214VVDget
the7215DTthe
example7216NNexample
right7217NNright
?7218SENT?
[MS. WEIL]7219LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well7220UHWell
,7221,,
the7222DTthe
example7223NNexample
's7224POS's
right7225NNright
in7226INin
terms7227NNSterm
of7228INof
,7229,,
if7230INif
you7231PPyou
go7232VVPgo
before7233INbefore
the7234DTthe
agency7235NNagency
and7236CCand
you7237PPyou
...7238:...
you7239PPyou
lose7240VVPlose
,7241,,
you7242PPyou
have7243VHPhave
to7244TOto
go7245VVgo
to7246TOto
court7247NNcourt
.7248SENT.
That7249DTthat
's7250VBZbe
what7251WPwhat
happens7252VVZhappen
in7253INin
all7254DTall
of7255INof
these7256DTthese
cases7257NNScase
.7258SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]7259LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
But7260NPBut
,7261,,
counsel7262NNcounsel
,7263,,
I7264PPI
think7265VVPthink
what7266WPwhat
Justice7267NPJustice
Breyer7268NPBreyer
's7269VBZbe
getting7270VVGget
at7271INat
,7272,,
and7273CCand
I7274PPI
...7275:...
I7276PPI
think7277VVPthink
it7278PPit
's7279VBZbe
a7280DTa
premise7281NNpremise
of7282INof
my7283PP$my
question7284NNquestion
too7285RBtoo
,7286,,
is7287VBZbe
...7288:...
is7289VBZbe
...7290:...
is7291VBZbe
n't7292RBn't
it7293PPit
fair7294JJfair
to7295TOto
say7296VVsay
that7297IN/thatthat
in7298INin
a7299DTa
...7300:...
in7301INin
a7302DTa
...7303:...
in7304INin
a7305DTa
significant7306JJsignificant
number7307NNnumber
of7308INof
cases7309NNScase
that7310IN/thatthat
future7311JJfuture
benefits7312NNSbenefit
are7313VBPbe
larger7314JJRlarge
than7315INthan
past7316JJpast
benefits7317NNSbenefit
?7318SENT?
[MS. WEIL]7319LOC[MS. WEIL]
They're7320NPThey're
...7321:...
yes7322UHyes
,7323,,
future7324JJfuture
benefits7325NNSbenefit
are7326VBPbe
,7327,,
but7328CCbut
I7329PPI
disagree7330VVPdisagree
with7331INwith
the7332DTthe
concept7333NNconcept
that7334IN/thatthat
you7335PPyou
won7336MDwill
't7337RB't
be7338VBbe
hounded7339VVNhound
.7340SENT.
I7341PPI
do7342VVPdo
believe7343VVbelieve
that7344IN/thatthat
there7345EXthere
is7346VBZbe
definitely7347RBdefinitely
leeway7348NNleeway
in7349INin
the7350DTthe
statute7351NNstatute
and7352CCand
leeway7353NNleeway
in7354INin
4077355CD@card@
for7356INfor
claimants7357NNSclaimant
to7358TOto
be7359VBbe
hounded7360VVNhound
after7361INafter
these7362DTthese
past-due7363JJpast-due
benefits7364NNSbenefit
,7365,,
because7366INbecause
4077367CD@card@
only7368RBonly
allows7369VVZallow
...7370:...
only7371RBonly
says7372VVZsay
you7373PPyou
can7374MDcan
't7375RB't
go7376VVgo
after7377INafter
future7378JJfuture
benefits7379NNSbenefit
,7380,,
but7381CCbut
4067382CD@card@
(7383((
a7384DTa
)7385))
...7386:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]7387LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
Ca7388MDCa
n't7389RBn't
go7390VVgo
after7391INafter
...7392:...
[MS. WEIL]7393LOC[MS. WEIL]
Cannot7394MDcan
go7395VVgo
after7396INafter
future7397JJfuture
benefits7398NNSbenefit
.7399SENT.
But7400CCbut
...7401:...
[JUSTICE BREYER]7402LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
But7403CCbut
can7404MDcan
't7405RB't
...7406:...
can7407MDcan
't7408RB't
...7409:...
[MS. WEIL]7410LOC[MS. WEIL]
These7411DTthese
are7412VBPbe
past-due7413JJpast-due
benefits7414NNSbenefit
.7415SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]7416LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
I7417PPI
...7418:...
see7419VVsee
,7420,,
that7421WDTthat
's7422VBZbe
what7423WPwhat
I7424PPI
was7425VBDbe
worried7426VVNworry
about7427RBabout
.7428SENT.
In7429INin
other7430JJother
words7431NNSword
,7432,,
the7433DTthe
client7434NNclient
...7435:...
the7436DTthe
lawyer7437NNlawyer
cannot7438MDcan
ask7439VVask
for7440INfor
a7441DTa
fee7442NNfee
resting7443VVGrest
on7444INon
the7445DTthe
fact7446NNfact
that7447IN/thatthat
he7448PPhe
got7449VVDget
the7450DTthe
client7451NNclient
a7452DTa
million7453CDmillion
dollars7454NNSdollar
,7455,,
but7456CCbut
most7457JJSmost
of7458INof
it7459PPit
's7460VBZbe
in7461INin
the7462DTthe
future7463NNfuture
?7464SENT?
[MS. WEIL]7465LOC[MS. WEIL]
He7466PPhe
got7467VVDget
the7468DTthe
client7469NNclient
...7470:...
who7471WPwho
knows7472VVZknow
what7473WPwhat
's7474VBZbe
going7475VVGgo
to7476TOto
go7477VVgo
.7478SENT.
Something7479NNsomething
could7480MDcould
happen7481VVhappen
and7482CCand
the7483DTthe
client7484NNclient
does7485VVZdo
n't7486RBn't
end7487VVend
up7488RPup
getting7489VVGget
it7490PPit
.7491SENT.
[JUSTICE BREYER]7492LOC[JUSTICE BREYER]
No7493NPNo
,7494,,
I7495PPI
know7496VVPknow
,7497,,
I7498PPI
know7499VVPknow
.7500SENT.
[MS. WEIL]7501LOC[MS. WEIL]
He7502PPhe
did7503VVDdo
what7504WPwhat
he7505PPhe
did7506VVDdo
for7507INfor
him7508PPhim
then7509RBthen
.7510SENT.
And7511CCand
the7512DTthe
...7513:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7514LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Well7515UHwell
,7516,,
I7517PPI
think7518VVPthink
maybe7519RBmaybe
we7520PPwe
should7521MDshould
just7522RBjust
be7523VBbe
practical7524JJpractical
,7525,,
okay7526JJokay
?7527SENT?
Let7528VVlet
's7529VBZbe
assume7530VVassume
that7531IN/thatthat
there7532EXthere
's7533VBZbe
257534CD@card@
percent7535NNpercent
of7536INof
the7537DTthe
judgment7538NNjudgment
that7539WDTthat
was7540VBDbe
n't7541RBn't
paid7542VVNpay
out7543RPout
.7544SENT.
What7545WPWhat
do7546VVPdo
you7547PPyou
think7548VVPthink
the7549DTthe
lawyer7550NNlawyer
can7551MDcan
do7552VVdo
to7553TOto
get7554VVget
that7555IN/thatthat
257556CD@card@
percent7557NNpercent
?7558SENT?
[MS. WEIL]7559LOC[MS. WEIL]
If7560INif
there7561EXthere
were7562VBDbe
...7563:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7564LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
He7565PPhe
can7566MDcan
't7567RB't
...7568:...
can7569MDcan
...7570:...
he7571PPhe
can7572MDcan
't7573RB't
go7574VVgo
after7575INafter
the7576DTthe
future7577JJfuture
benefits7578NNSbenefit
,7579,,
correct7580JJcorrect
?7581SENT?
[MS. WEIL]7582LOC[MS. WEIL]
I7583PPI
do7584VVPdo
n't7585RBn't
believe7586VVbelieve
that7587WDTthat
's7588VBZbe
necessarily7589RBnecessarily
true7590JJtrue
,7591,,
because7592INbecause
the7593DTthe
future7594JJfuture
benefits7595NNSbenefit
cannot7596MDcan
be7597VBbe
gone7598VVNgo
after7599INafter
,7600,,
but7601CCbut
these7602DTthese
are7603VBPbe
past-due7604JJpast-due
benefits7605NNSbenefit
.7606SENT.
So7607RBso
...7608:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7609LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
So7610INso
let7611NNlet
's7612POS's
...7613:...
let7614VVlet
's7615VBZbe
stop7616VVstop
there7617RBthere
.7618SENT.
So7619RBso
you7620PPyou
're7621VBPbe
saying7622VVGsay
,7623,,
yes7624UHyes
,7625,,
he7626PPhe
could7627MDcould
potentially7628RBpotentially
go7629VVgo
after7630INafter
the7631DTthe
pot7632NNpot
of7633INof
past-due7634JJpast-due
benefits7635NNSbenefit
up7636RBup
to7637TOto
the7638DTthe
excess7639NNexcess
that7640IN/thatthat
he7641PPhe
wants7642VVZwant
,7643,,
is7644VBZbe
that7645DTthat
...7646:...
[MS. WEIL]7647LOC[MS. WEIL]
Right7648RBright
.7649SENT.
There7650EXthere
's7651VBZbe
a7652DTa
percent7653NNpercent
withholding7654VVGwithhold
and7655CCand
that7656WDTthat
will7657MDwill
be7658VBbe
paid7659VVNpay
out7660RPout
.7661SENT.
If7662INif
there7663EXthere
's7664VBZbe
an7665DTan
additional7666JJadditional
257667CD@card@
percent7668NNpercent
that7669WDTthat
's7670VBZbe
awarded7671VVNaward
to7672TOto
an7673DTan
attorney7674NNattorney
,7675,,
the7676DTthe
client7677NNclient
will7678MDwill
already7679RBalready
have7680VHhave
received7681VVNreceive
the7682DTthe
757683CD@card@
percent7684NNpercent
,7685,,
but7686CCbut
he7687PPhe
will7688MDwill
...7689:...
as7690INas
the7691DTthe
cases7692NNScase
in7693INin
the7694DTthe
Ninth7695JJninth
and7696CCand
Tenth7697JJtenth
circuits7698NNScircuit
have7699VHPhave
suggested7700VVNsuggest
about7701INabout
going7702VVGgo
after7703INafter
the7704DTthe
fees7705NNSfee
when7706WRBwhen
they7707PPthey
're7708VBPbe
over7709INover
the7710DTthe
257711CD@card@
percent7712NNpercent
withholding7713NNwithholding
,7714,,
they7715PPthey
have7716VHPhave
to7717TOto
find7718VVfind
other7719JJother
ways7720NNSway
to7721TOto
get7722VVget
them7723PPthem
.7724SENT.
One7725CDOne
way7726NNway
you7727PPyou
can7728MDcan
get7729VVget
them7730PPthem
is7731VBZbe
saying7732VVGsay
they7733PPthey
are7734VBPbe
past-due7735JJpast-due
benefits7736NNSbenefit
,7737,,
and7738CCand
they7739PPthey
might7740MDmight
have7741VHhave
been7742VBNbe
put7743VVNput
into7744INinto
your7745PP$your
bank7746NNbank
account7747NNaccount
,7748,,
they7749PPthey
might7750MDmight
have7751VHhave
been7752VBNbe
put7753VVNput
into7754INinto
your7755PP$your
house7756NNhouse
,7757,,
but7758CCbut
you7759PPyou
can7760MDcan
attach7761VVattach
that7762IN/thatthat
because7763INbecause
you7764PPyou
certified7765VVDcertify
...7766:...
a7767DTa
court7768NNcourt
or7769CCor
the7770DTthe
agency7771NNagency
certified7772VVDcertify
them7773PPthem
as7774INas
past-due7775JJpast-due
benefits7776NNSbenefit
.7777SENT.
So7778RBso
they7779PPthey
're7780VBPbe
available7781JJavailable
.7782SENT.
And7783CCand
,7784,,
number7785NNnumber
two7786CDtwo
,7787,,
they7788PPthey
could7789MDcould
be7790VBbe
considered7791VVNconsider
to7792TOto
be7793VBbe
wrongfully7794RBwrongfully
not7795RBnot
withheld7796VVNwithhold
.7797SENT.
That7798DTthat
's7799VBZbe
what7800WPwhat
happens7801VVZhappen
when7802WRBwhen
the7803DTthe
agency7804NNagency
allows7805VVZallow
you7806PPyou
to7807TOto
go7808VVgo
after7809INafter
future7810JJfuture
benefits7811NNSbenefit
.7812SENT.
Now7813RBnow
,7814,,
right7815RBright
now7816RBnow
,7817,,
there7818EXthere
's7819VBZbe
257820CD@card@
percent7821NNpercent
withholding7822NNwithholding
.7823SENT.
So7824RBso
if7825INif
the7826DTthe
...7827:...
if7828INif
you7829PPyou
...7830:...
if7831INif
the7832DTthe
agency7833NNagency
...7834:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7835LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I7836PPI
...7837:...
I7838PPI
...7839:...
I7840PPI
think7841VVPthink
that7842IN/thatthat
may7843MDmay
be7844VBbe
wrong7845JJwrong
on7846INon
your7847PP$your
part7848NNpart
because7849INbecause
the7850DTthe
agency7851NNagency
is7852VBZbe
only7853RBonly
authorized7854VVNauthorize
to7855TOto
withhold7856VVwithhold
percent7857NNpercent
.7858SENT.
[MS. WEIL]7859LOC[MS. WEIL]
Right7860NPRight
.7861SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7862LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
So7863INso
I7864PPI
do7865VVPdo
n't7866RBn't
think7867VVthink
you7868PPyou
can7869MDcan
claim7870VVclaim
that7871IN/thatthat
they7872PPthey
wrongfully7873RBwrongfully
did7874VVDdo
n't7875RBn't
withhold7876VVwithhold
an7877DTan
additional7878JJadditional
257879CD@card@
percent7880NNpercent
.7881SENT.
So7882RBso
I7883PPI
do7884VVPdo
n't7885RBn't
think7886VVthink
...7887:...
[MS. WEIL]7888LOC[MS. WEIL]
That7889DTthat
's7890VBZbe
because7891INbecause
the7892DTthe
agency7893NNagency
's7894POS's
framework7895NNframework
is7896VBZbe
set7897VVNset
up7898RPup
for7899INfor
a7900DTa
257901CD@card@
percent7902NNpercent
aggregate7903JJaggregate
cap7904NNcap
.7905SENT.
Remember7906VVremember
,7907,,
they7908PPthey
've7909VHPhave
been7910VBNbe
...7911:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7912LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
But7913CCbut
that7914DTthat
's7915VBZbe
legislatively7916RBlegislatively
imposed7917VVNimpose
.7918SENT.
[MS. WEIL]7919LOC[MS. WEIL]
Correct7920JJcorrect
.7921SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]7922LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
I7923PPI
...7924:...
I7925PPI
...7926:...
I7927PPI
take7928VVPtake
your7929PP$your
point7930NNpoint
that7931IN/thatthat
there7932EXthere
could7933MDcould
be7934VBbe
garnishment7935NNgarnishment
on7936INon
the7937DTthe
past-due7938JJpast-due
amounts7939NNSamount
,7940,,
is7941VBZbe
what7942WPwhat
you7943PPyou
're7944VBPbe
saying7945VVGsay
.7946SENT.
I7947PPI
'm7948VBPbe
presuming7949VVGpresume
also7950RBalso
that7951IN/thatthat
that7952DTthat
attorney7953NNattorney
could7954MDcould
withhold7955VVwithhold
documents7956NNSdocument
from7957INfrom
the7958DTthe
client7959NNclient
,7960,,
could7961MDcould
do7962VVdo
anything7963NNanything
else7964RBelse
a7965DTa
lawyer7966NNlawyer
does7967VVZdo
when7968WRBwhen
they7969PPthey
're7970VBPbe
not7971RBnot
paid7972VVNpay
,7973,,
correct7974VVcorrect
?7975SENT?
[MS. WEIL]7976LOC[MS. WEIL]
Right7977RBright
.7978SENT.
And7979CCand
these7980DTthese
are7981VBPbe
not7982RBnot
typical7983JJtypical
clients7984NNSclient
.7985SENT.
These7986DTthese
are7987VBPbe
clients7988NNSclient
who7989WPwho
are7990VBPbe
only7991RBonly
in7992INin
this7993DTthis
position7994NNposition
because7995INbecause
they7996PPthey
were7997VBDbe
wrongfully7998RBwrongfully
withheld7999VVNwithhold
their8000PP$their
benefits8001NNSbenefit
in8002INin
the8003DTthe
first8004JJfirst
place8005NNplace
.8006SENT.
They8007PPthey
should8008MDshould
have8009VHhave
been8010VBNbe
paid8011VVNpay
.8012SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]8013LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Well8014UHWell
,8015,,
but8016CCbut
your8017PP$your
...8018:...
your8019PP$your
friend8020NNfriend
on8021INon
the8022DTthe
other8023JJother
side8024NNside
says8025VVZsay
that8026IN/thatthat
this8027DTthis
just8028RBjust
does8029VVZdo
n't8030RBn't
happen8031VVhappen
,8032,,
that8033IN/thatthat
these8034DTthese
lawyers8035NNSlawyer
do8036VVPdo
not8037RBnot
go8038VVgo
after8039INafter
the8040DTthe
recipients8041NNSrecipient
.8042SENT.
And8043CCand
...8044:...
and8045CCand
you8046PPyou
say8047VVPsay
that8048IN/thatthat
it8049PPit
's8050VBZbe
a8051DTa
real8052JJreal
danger8053NNdanger
.8054SENT.
Is8055VBZbe
there8056RBthere
any8057DTany
...8058:...
how8059WRBhow
do8060VVPdo
we8061PPwe
tell8062VVtell
?8063SENT?
How8064WRBHow
do8065VVPdo
we8066PPwe
tell8067VVtell
who8068WPwho
's8069VBZbe
right8070JJright
?8071SENT?
I8072PPI
mean8073VVPmean
,8074,,
I8075PPI
understand8076VVPunderstand
your8077PP$your
point8078NNpoint
of8079INof
view8080NNview
that8081IN/thatthat
theoretically8082RBtheoretically
this8083DTthis
could8084MDcould
happen8085VVhappen
,8086,,
but8087CCbut
in8088INin
the8089DTthe
real8090JJreal
world8091NNworld
,8092,,
they8093PPthey
said8094VVDsay
it8095PPit
does8096VVZdo
n't8097RBn't
.8098SENT.
[MS. WEIL]8099LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well8100UHWell
,8101,,
and8102CCand
the8103DTthe
...8104:...
well8105UHwell
,8106,,
they8107PPthey
're8108VBPbe
asking8109VVGask
now8110RBnow
to8111TOto
be8112VBbe
able8113JJable
to8114TOto
be8115VBbe
paid8116VVNpay
more8117JJRmore
than8118INthan
258119CD@card@
percent8120NNpercent
for8121INfor
a8122DTa
purpose8123NNpurpose
.8124SENT.
It8125PPit
's8126VBZbe
not8127RBnot
like8128INlike
they8129PPthey
're8130VBPbe
saying8131VVGsay
,8132,,
we8133PPwe
're8134VBPbe
going8135VVGgo
to8136TOto
settle8137VVsettle
in8138INin
every8139DTevery
single8140JJsingle
case8141NNcase
for8142INfor
just8143RBjust
the8144DTthe
258145CD@card@
percent8146NNpercent
that8147WDTthat
's8148VBZbe
withheld8149VVNwithhold
.8150SENT.
Obviously8151RBobviously
,8152,,
they8153PPthey
're8154VBPbe
asking8155VVGask
for8156INfor
the8157DTthe
extra8158JJextra
258159CD@card@
to8160TOto
be8161VBbe
able8162JJable
to8163TOto
get8164VVget
it8165PPit
from8166INfrom
the8167DTthe
client8168NNclient
.8169SENT.
Sometimes8170RBsometimes
the8171DTthe
client8172NNclient
will8173MDwill
pay8174VVpay
it8175PPit
.8176SENT.
We8177PPwe
...8178:...
I8179PPI
have8180VHPhave
presented8181VVNpresent
the8182DTthe
Court8183NNcourt
with8184INwith
cases8185NNScase
in8186INin
the8187DTthe
Tenth8188JJtenth
and8189CCand
Ninth8190JJninth
Circuit8191NPCircuit
where8192WRBwhere
478193CD@card@
percent8194NNpercent
of8195INof
the8196DTthe
past-due8197JJpast-due
benefits8198NNSbenefit
were8199VBDbe
awarded8200VVNaward
.8201SENT.
There8202EXthere
was8203VBDbe
still8204RBstill
just8205RBjust
a8206DTa
percent8207NNpercent
withholding8208NNwithholding
.8209SENT.
And8210CCand
they8211PPthey
're8212VBPbe
not8213RBnot
asking8214VVGask
for8215INfor
a8216DTa
Pyrrhic8217JJPyrrhic
victory8218NNvictory
.8219SENT.
They8220PPthey
're8221VBPbe
asking8222VVGask
for8223INfor
the8224DTthe
money8225NNmoney
.8226SENT.
[JUSTICE KAGAN]8227LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
But8228NPBut
,8229,,
Ms8230NNMs
.8231SENT.
Weil8232NPWeil
,8233,,
I8234PPI
take8235VVPtake
...8236:...
I8237PPI
take8238VVPtake
the8239DTthe
point8240NNpoint
,8241,,
and8242CCand
,8243,,
indeed8244RBindeed
,8245,,
Mr8246NPMr
.8247SENT.
Yang8248NPYang
suggested8249VVDsuggest
,8250,,
that8251IN/thatthat
this8252DTthis
happens8253VVZhappen
and8254CCand
that8255IN/thatthat
it8256PPit
was8257VBDbe
meant8258VVNmean
to8259TOto
happen8260VVhappen
.8261SENT.
But8262CCbut
...8263:...
so8264RBso
...8265:...
so8266RBso
that8267DTthat
's8268VBZbe
troublesome8269JJtroublesome
.8270SENT.
But8271CCbut
I'm8272NPI'm
...8273:...
I8274PPI
'm8275VBPbe
struggling8276VVGstruggle
with8277INwith
your8278PP$your
textual8279JJtextual
argument8280NNargument
.8281SENT.
[MS. WEIL]8282LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well8283UHWell
...8284:...
[JUSTICE KAGAN]8285LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
Where8286WRBwhere
does8287VVZdo
it8288PPit
come8289VVcome
from8290INfrom
?8291SENT?
[MS. WEIL]8292LOC[MS. WEIL]
...8293:...
let8294VVlet
's8295VBZbe
discuss8296VVdiscuss
that8297IN/thatthat
because8298INbecause
both8299CCboth
the8300DTthe
Petitioner8301NNpetitioner
and8302CCand
the8303DTthe
Claimant8304NNclaimant
have8305VHPhave
said8306VVNsay
that8307IN/thatthat
the8308DTthe
two8309CDtwo
words8310NNSword
...8311:...
it8312PPit
's8313VBZbe
...8314:...
there8315RBthere
...8316:...
there8317EXthere
are8318VBPbe
two8319CDtwo
words8320NNSword
in8321INin
this8322DTthis
entire8323JJentire
statute8324NNstatute
that8325WDTthat
just8326RBjust
make8327VVPmake
their8328PP$their
position8329NNposition
correct8330JJcorrect
and8331CCand
that8332WDTthat
say8333VVPsay
that8334IN/thatthat
you8335PPyou
get8336VVPget
up8337RPup
to8338TOto
508339CD@card@
percent8340NNpercent
of8341INof
benefits8342NNSbenefit
,8343,,
and8344CCand
those8345DTthose
two8346CDtwo
words8347NNSword
are8348VBPbe
"8349``"
such8350JJsuch
representation8351NNrepresentation
"8352''"
in8353INin
section8354NNsection
(8355((
b8356LSb
)8357))
.8358SENT.
And8359CCand
I8360PPI
suggest8361VVPsuggest
to8362TOto
Your8363PP$your
Honors8364NNShonors
that8365IN/thatthat
actually8366RBactually
...8367:...
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]8368LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
There's8369NPThere's
...8370:...
there8371EXthere
's8372VBZbe
such8373JJsuch
representation8374NNrepresentation
before8375INbefore
the8376DTthe
court8377NNcourt
...8378:...
[MS. WEIL]8379LOC[MS. WEIL]
Yes8380NPYes
.8381SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]8382LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
...8383:...
in8384INin
(8385((
b8386LSb
)8387))
,8388,,
and8389CCand
before8390RBbefore
...8391:...
in8392INin
(8393((
a8394DTa
)8395))
,8396,,
before8397INbefore
the8398DTthe
commissioner8399NNcommissioner
?8400SENT?
[MS. WEIL]8401LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well8402UHWell
,8403,,
their8404PP$their
argument8405NNargument
really8406RBreally
has8407VHZhave
been8408VBNbe
pointing8409VVGpoint
to8410TOto
the8411DTthe
(8412((
b8413LSb
)8414))
language8415NNlanguage
of8416INof
"8417``"
such8418JJsuch
representation8419NNrepresentation
"8420''"
before8421INbefore
the8422DTthe
court8423NNcourt
,8424,,
and8425CCand
they8426PPthey
claim8427VVPclaim
that8428IN/thatthat
that8429DTthat
shows8430NNSshow
that8431IN/thatthat
you8432PPyou
can8433MDcan
get8434VVget
up8435RPup
to8436TOto
percent8437NNpercent
of8438INof
the8439DTthe
past-due8440JJpast-due
benefits8441NNSbenefit
.8442SENT.
But8443CCbut
I8444PPI
would8445MDwould
suggest8446VVsuggest
to8447TOto
Your8448PP$your
Honors8449NNShonors
that8450WDTthat
actually8451RBactually
supports8452VVZsupport
a8453DTa
258454CD@card@
percent8455NNpercent
aggregate8456JJaggregate
rule8457NNrule
,8458,,
because8459INbecause
what8460WPwhat
the8461DTthe
statute8462NNstatute
provides8463VVZprovide
is8464VBZbe
only8465RBonly
...8466:...
that8467IN/thatthat
you8468PPyou
can8469MDcan
get8470VVget
up8471RPup
to8472TOto
258473CD@card@
percent8474NNpercent
of8475INof
past-due8476JJpast-due
,8477,,
up8478RBup
to8479TOto
,8480,,
not8481RBnot
to8482TOto
definitely8483RBdefinitely
get8484VVget
258485CD@card@
,8486,,
but8487CCbut
up8488RBup
to8489TOto
258490CD@card@
percent8491NNpercent
of8492INof
past-due8493JJpast-due
benefits8494NNSbenefit
for8495INfor
a8496DTa
court8497NNcourt
representation8498NNrepresentation
if8499INif
you8500PPyou
're8501VBPbe
successful8502JJsuccessful
.8503SENT.
You8504PPyou
cannot8505MDcan
be8506VBbe
successful8507JJsuccessful
unless8508INunless
there8509EXthere
has8510VHZhave
been8511VBNbe
attorney8512NNattorney
representation8513NNrepresentation
.8514SENT.
Somebody8515NNsomebody
had8516VHDhave
to8517TOto
present8518VVpresent
the8519DTthe
case8520NNcase
before8521INbefore
the8522DTthe
agency8523NNagency
.8524SENT.
They8525PPthey
might8526MDmight
have8527VHhave
originally8528RBoriginally
lost8529VVNlose
,8530,,
but8531CCbut
if8532INif
that8533DTthat
case8534NNcase
is8535VBZbe
later8536RBRlater
won8537VVNwin
before8538INbefore
the8539DTthe
court8540NNcourt
,8541,,
two8542CDtwo
things8543NNSthing
happen8544VVPhappen
.8545SENT.
Number8546NNnumber
one8547CDone
,8548,,
the8549DTthe
agency8550NNagency
attorney8551NNattorney
who8552WPwho
first8553RBfirst
represented8554VVDrepresent
them8555PPthem
is8556VBZbe
going8557VVGgo
to8558TOto
get8559VVget
fees8560NNSfee
for8561INfor
what8562WPwhat
they8563PPthey
did8564VVDdo
by8565INby
presenting8566VVGpresent
the8567DTthe
case8568NNcase
because8569INbecause
all8570PDTall
the8571DTthe
evidence8572NNevidence
has8573VHZhave
to8574TOto
be8575VBbe
presented8576VVNpresent
to8577TOto
the8578DTthe
agency8579NNagency
.8580SENT.
It8581PPit
's8582VBZbe
not8583RBnot
presented8584VVNpresent
in8585INin
court8586NNcourt
.8587SENT.
And8588CCand
,8589,,
number8590NNnumber
two8591CDtwo
,8592,,
most8593JJSmost
cases8594NNScase
are8595VBPbe
sent8596VVNsend
back8597RBback
by8598INby
the8599DTthe
district8600NNdistrict
court8601NNcourt
...8602:...
even8603RBeven
a8604DTa
win8605NNwin
is8606VBZbe
sent8607VVNsend
back8608RBback
by8609INby
the8610DTthe
district8611NNdistrict
court8612NNcourt
on8613INon
a8614DTa
remand8615NNremand
for8616INfor
more8617JJRmore
evidence8618NNevidence
.8619SENT.
In8620INin
this8621DTthis
case8622NNcase
,8623,,
for8624INfor
example8625NNexample
,8626,,
they8627PPthey
had8628VHDhave
looked8629VVNlook
at8630INat
the8631DTthe
...8632:...
the8633DTthe
district8634NNdistrict
court8635NNcourt
judge8636NNjudge
or8637CCor
magistrate8638NNmagistrate
judge8639NNjudge
in8640INin
this8641DTthis
case8642NNcase
said8643VVDsay
that8644IN/thatthat
the8645DTthe
ALJ8646NPALJ
did8647VVDdo
n't8648RBn't
really8649RBreally
consider8650VVconsider
the8651DTthe
...8652:...
[JUSTICE KAGAN]8653LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
I8654PPI
guess8655VVPguess
I8656PPI
...8657:...
I8658PPI
do8659VVPdo
n't8660RBn't
quite8661RBquite
get8662VVget
the8663DTthe
argument8664NNargument
.8665SENT.
You8666PPyou
know8667VVPknow
,8668,,
the8669DTthe
"8670``"
such8671JJsuch
representation8672NNrepresentation
"8673''"
language8674NNlanguage
says8675VVZsay
258676CD@card@
percent8677NNpercent
for8678INfor
court8679NNcourt
representation8680NNrepresentation
.8681SENT.
[MS. WEIL]8682LOC[MS. WEIL]
Right8683NPRight
.8684SENT.
[JUSTICE KAGAN]8685LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
And8686CCand
then8687RBthen
you8688PPyou
're8689VBPbe
saying8690VVGsay
that8691IN/thatthat
there8692EXthere
's8693VBZbe
some8694DTsome
kind8695NNkind
of8696INof
implicit8697JJimplicit
exclusion8698NNexclusion
as8699RBas
to8700TOto
another8701DTanother
258702CD@card@
percent8703NNpercent
,8704,,
or8705CCor
however8706RBhowever
much8707RBmuch
it8708PPit
is8709VBZbe
,8710,,
for8711INfor
agency8712NNagency
representation8713NNrepresentation
.8714SENT.
Where8715WRBwhere
does8716VVZdo
the8717DTthe
exclusion8718NNexclusion
come8719VVNcome
from8720INfrom
?8721SENT?
[MS. WEIL]8722LOC[MS. WEIL]
I8723PPI
'm8724VBPbe
not8725RBnot
actually8726RBactually
arguing8727VVGargue
exclusion8728NNexclusion
.8729SENT.
What8730WPWhat
I8731PPI
'm8732VBPbe
arguing8733VVGargue
is8734VBZbe
,8735,,
in8736INin
order8737NNorder
to8738TOto
get8739VVget
a8740DTa
court8741NNcourt
fee8742NNfee
,8743,,
you8744PPyou
have8745VHPhave
to8746TOto
have8747VHhave
an8748DTan
agency8749NNagency
also8750RBalso
.8751SENT.
So8752RBso
it8753PPit
's8754VBZbe
not8755RBnot
as8756RBas
if8757INif
this8758DTthis
court8759NNcourt
fee8760NNfee
controls8761VVZcontrol
what8762WPwhat
happens8763VVZhappen
with8764INwith
the8765DTthe
agency8766NNagency
.8767SENT.
The8768DTthe
...8769:...
I8770PPI
tried8771VVDtry
to8772TOto
put8773VVput
it8774PPit
in8775INin
terms8776NNSterm
of8777INof
a8778DTa
timeline8779NNtimeline
in8780INin
my8781PP$my
brief8782NNbrief
.8783SENT.
I8784PPI
suggested8785VVDsuggest
to8786TOto
the8787DTthe
court8788NNcourt
that8789IN/thatthat
while8790INwhile
the8791DTthe
case8792NNcase
was8793VBDbe
pending8794VVGpend
before8795INbefore
the8796DTthe
agency8797NNagency
,8798,,
these8799DTthese
past-due8800JJpast-due
benefits8801NNSbenefit
were8802VBDbe
accruing8803VVGaccrue
.8804SENT.
The8805DTthe
court8806NNcourt
attorney8807NNattorney
can8808MDcan
't8809RB't
take8810VVtake
credit8811NNcredit
or8812CCor
have8813VHhave
some8814DTsome
sort8815NNsort
of8816INof
responsibility8817NNresponsibility
for8818INfor
those8819DTthose
fees8820NNSfee
.8821SENT.
It8822PPit
's8823VBZbe
a8824DTa
...8825:...
it8826PPit
's8827POS's
sort8828NNsort
of8829INof
a8830DTa
fiction8831NNfiction
,8832,,
a8833DTa
legal8834JJlegal
fiction8835NNfiction
.8836SENT.
Those8837DTthose
are8838VBPbe
...8839:...
benefits8840NNSbenefit
were8841VBDbe
accruing8842VVGaccrue
while8843NNwhile
...8844:...
[JUSTICE KAGAN]8845LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
But8846CCbut
the8847DTthe
statute8848NNstatute
is8849VBZbe
set8850VVNset
up8851RPup
so8852RBso
that8853IN/thatthat
there8854EXthere
are8855VBPbe
very8856RBvery
specific8857JJspecific
sections8858NNSsection
governing8859VVGgovern
agency8860NNagency
proceedings8861NNSproceeding
and8862CCand
court8863NNcourt
proceedings8864NNSproceeding
.8865SENT.
So8866INso
the8867DTthe
statute8868NNstatute
is8869VBZbe
set8870VVNset
up8871RPup
in8872INin
a8873DTa
way8874NNway
that8875WDTthat
is8876VBZbe
not8877RBnot
really8878RBreally
consistent8879JJconsistent
with8880INwith
that8881DTthat
argument8882NNargument
.8883SENT.
It8884PPit
seems8885VVZseem
to8886TOto
treat8887VVtreat
these8888DTthese
as8889INas
two8890CDtwo
different8891JJdifferent
proceedings8892NNSproceeding
,8893,,
and8894CCand
it8895PPit
seems8896VVZseem
to8897TOto
treat8898VVtreat
fees8899NNSfee
for8900INfor
those8901DTthose
two8902CDtwo
different8903JJdifferent
proceedings8904NNSproceeding
as8905INas
discrete8906JJdiscrete
inquiries8907NNSinquiry
.8908SENT.
[MS. WEIL]8909LOC[MS. WEIL]
Yes8910NPYes
,8911,,
Your8912PP$your
Honor8913NPHonor
.8914SENT.
And8915CCand
they8916PPthey
are8917VBPbe
because8918INbecause
of8919INof
the8920DTthe
way8921NNway
it8922PPit
works8923VVZwork
.8924SENT.
You8925PPyou
can8926MDcan
go8927VVgo
before8928INbefore
the8929DTthe
agency8930NNagency
,8931,,
and8932CCand
if8933INif
you8934PPyou
win8935VVPwin
,8936,,
you8937PPyou
can8938MDcan
get8939VVget
up8940RPup
to8941TOto
258942CD@card@
percent8943NNpercent
of8944INof
the8945DTthe
past-due8946JJpast-due
benefits8947NNSbenefit
and8948CCand
you8949PPyou
go8950VVPgo
home8951NNhome
.8952SENT.
It8953PPit
's8954VBZbe
over8955RBover
.8956SENT.
If8957INif
you8958PPyou
go8959VVPgo
before8960INbefore
the8961DTthe
agency8962NNagency
and8963CCand
you8964PPyou
lose8965VVPlose
,8966,,
you8967PPyou
do8968VVPdo
n't8969RBn't
get8970VVget
paid8971VVNpay
a8972DTa
fee8973NNfee
.8974SENT.
You8975PPyou
go8976VVPgo
before8977INbefore
the8978DTthe
court8979NNcourt
and8980CCand
you8981PPyou
can8982MDcan
get8983VVget
up8984RPup
to8985TOto
percent8986NNpercent
if8987INif
you8988PPyou
win8989VVPwin
.8990SENT.
There8991EXthere
may8992MDmay
...8993:...
the8994DTthe
agency8995NNagency
attorney8996NNattorney
might8997MDmight
also8998RBalso
be8999VBbe
awarded9000VVNaward
a9001DTa
fee9002NNfee
too9003RBtoo
or9004CCor
not9005RBnot
.9006SENT.
It9007PPit
could9008MDcould
be9009VBbe
that9010IN/thatthat
they9011PPthey
represented9012VVDrepresent
pro9013FWpro
bono9014FWbono
.9015SENT.
It9016PPit
could9017MDcould
be9018VBbe
that9019IN/thatthat
they9020PPthey
were9021VBDbe
represented9022VVNrepresent
by9023INby
themselves9024PPthemselves
pro9025FWpro
se9026FWse
.9027SENT.
It9028PPit
could9029MDcould
be9030VBbe
that9031IN/thatthat
the9032DTthe
legal9033JJlegal
aid9034NNaid
represented9035VVDrepresent
them9036PPthem
.9037SENT.
You9038PPyou
might9039MDmight
only9040RBonly
have9041VHhave
a9042DTa
court9043NNcourt
fee9044NNfee
.9045SENT.
So9046RBso
you9047PPyou
have9048VHPhave
to9049TOto
have9050VHhave
up9051RBup
to9052TOto
259053CD@card@
percent9054NNpercent
there9055RBthere
too9056RBtoo
.9057SENT.
That9058DTthat
's9059VBZbe
how9060WRBhow
it9061PPit
started9062VVDstart
.9063SENT.
There9064EXthere
was9065VBDbe
already9066RBalready
...9067:...
agency9068NNagency
's9069POS's
fee9070NNfee
was9071VBDbe
taken9072VVNtake
care9073NNcare
of9074INof
.9075SENT.
So9076RBso
both9077DTboth
of9078INof
them9079PPthem
have9080VHPhave
the9081DTthe
up9082RPup
to9083TOto
percent9084NNpercent
because9085INbecause
there9086EXthere
only9087RBonly
might9088MDmight
be9089VBbe
in9090INin
the9091DTthe
end9092NNend
one9093CDone
attorney9094NNattorney
,9095,,
either9096CCeither
the9097DTthe
court9098NNcourt
attorney9099NNattorney
or9100CCor
the9101DTthe
agency9102NNagency
attorney9103NNattorney
,9104,,
getting9105VVGget
the9106DTthe
fee9107NNfee
.9108SENT.
But9109CCbut
the9110DTthe
question9111NNquestion
is9112VBZbe
,9113,,
what9114WPwhat
do9115VVPdo
you9116PPyou
do9117VVPdo
when9118WRBwhen
they9119PPthey
both9120CCboth
get9121VVget
fees9122NNSfee
?9123SENT?
And9124CCand
I9125PPI
tried9126VVDtry
to9127TOto
illustrate9128VVillustrate
in9129INin
the9130DTthe
brief9131NNbrief
in9132INin
terms9133NNSterm
of9134INof
a9135DTa
timeline9136NNtimeline
that9137IN/thatthat
these9138DTthese
fees9139NNSfee
are9140VBPbe
accruing9141VVGaccrue
over9142INover
time9143NNtime
.9144SENT.
The9145DTthe
court9146NNcourt
attorney9147NNattorney
should9148MDshould
n't9149RBn't
be9150VBbe
getting9151VVGget
the9152DTthe
fees9153NNSfee
that9154WDTthat
were9155VBDbe
accruing9156VVGaccrue
while9157INwhile
it9158PPit
was9159VBDbe
before9160INbefore
the9161DTthe
agency9162NNagency
,9163,,
and9164CCand
the9165DTthe
agency9166NNagency
attorney9167NNattorney
has9168VHZhave
no9169DTno
reason9170NNreason
to9171TOto
be9172VBbe
receiving9173VVGreceive
the9174DTthe
fees9175NNSfee
as9176INas
they9177PPthey
were9178VBDbe
accruing9179VVGaccrue
before9180INbefore
the9181DTthe
court9182NNcourt
.9183SENT.
I9184PPI
mean9185VVPmean
it9186PPit
makes9187VVZmake
sense9188NNsense
that9189IN/thatthat
they9190PPthey
split9191VVDsplit
them9192PPthem
.9193SENT.
That9194DTthat
is9195VBZbe
the9196DTthe
only9197JJonly
argument9198NNargument
that9199IN/thatthat
that9200DTthat
is9201VBZbe
not9202RBnot
...9203:...
and9204CCand
actually9205RBactually
...9206:...
that9207WDTthat
is9208VBZbe
not9209RBnot
what9210WPwhat
was9211VBDbe
anticipated9212VVNanticipate
.9213SENT.
[JUSTICE KAGAN]9214LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
It9215PPit
...9216:...
it9217PPit
makes9218VVZmake
sense9219NNsense
that9220IN/thatthat
they9221PPthey
split9222VVDsplit
them9223PPthem
,9224,,
but9225CCbut
...9226:...
but9227CCbut
you9228PPyou
're9229VBPbe
not9230RBnot
suggesting9231VVGsuggest
that9232IN/thatthat
there9233EXthere
's9234VBZbe
any9235DTany
place9236NNplace
in9237INin
the9238DTthe
statute9239NNstatute
that9240IN/thatthat
you9241PPyou
can9242MDcan
point9243VVpoint
to9244TOto
and9245CCand
say9246VVsay
:9247::
Look9248VVPlook
,9249,,
that9250IN/thatthat
provision9251NNprovision
is9252VBZbe
the9253DTthe
provision9254NNprovision
where9255WRBwhere
Congress9256NPCongress
indicates9257VVZindicate
that9258IN/thatthat
it9259PPit
makes9260VVZmake
sense9261NNsense
that9262IN/thatthat
they9263PPthey
split9264VVDsplit
them9265PPthem
.9266SENT.
[MS. WEIL]9267LOC[MS. WEIL]
You9268PPyou
...9269:...
I9270PPI
...9271:...
I9272PPI
really9273RBreally
have9274VHPhave
two9275CDtwo
arguments9276NNSargument
on9277INon
that9278DTthat
.9279SENT.
Number9280NNnumber
one9281CDone
,9282,,
their9283PP$their
plain9284JJplain
text9285NNtext
argument9286NNargument
is9287VBZbe
wrong9288JJwrong
.9289SENT.
And9290CCand
,9291,,
number9292NNnumber
two9293CDtwo
,9294,,
you9295PPyou
can9296MDcan
kind9297RBkind
of9298INof
get9299VVget
to9300TOto
...9301:...
to9302TOto
our9303PP$our
position9304NNposition
about9305INabout
the9306DTthe
aggregate9307NNaggregate
by9308INby
reading9309VVGread
the9310DTthe
statute9311NNstatute
together9312RBtogether
with9313INwith
the9314DTthe
amendments9315NNSamendment
and9316CCand
the9317DTthe
fact9318NNfact
that9319IN/thatthat
there9320EXthere
's9321VBZbe
one9322CDone
pool9323NNpool
from9324INfrom
which9325WDTwhich
these9326DTthese
...9327:...
the9328DTthe
benefits9329NNSbenefit
are9330VBPbe
withheld9331VVNwithhold
.9332SENT.
But9333CCbut
,9334,,
to9335TOto
get9336VVget
to9337TOto
their9338PP$their
plain9339JJplain
reading9340NNreading
,9341,,
their9342PP$their
literal9343JJliteral
text9344NNtext
,9345,,
they9346PPthey
argue9347VVPargue
that9348IN/thatthat
the9349DTthe
plain9350JJplain
reading9351NNreading
of9352INof
the9353DTthe
statute9354NNstatute
is9355VBZbe
:9356::
Well9357UHwell
,9358,,
there9359EXthere
are9360VBPbe
two9361CDtwo
,9362,,
two9363CDtwo
259364CD@card@
percents9365NNSpercents
,9366,,
and9367CCand
they9368PPthey
both9369CCboth
get9370VVget
them9371PPthem
and9372CCand
they9373PPthey
can9374MDcan
get9375VVget
up9376RPup
to9377TOto
509378CD@card@
percent9379NNpercent
.9380SENT.
If9381INif
you9382PPyou
actually9383RBactually
literally9384RBliterally
read9385VVread
the9386DTthe
statute9387NNstatute
,9388,,
and9389CCand
you9390PPyou
do9391VVPdo
n't9392RBn't
know9393VVknow
anything9394NNanything
about9395INabout
the9396DTthe
background9397NNbackground
,9398,,
you9399PPyou
do9400VVPdo
n't9401RBn't
know9402VVknow
how9403WRBhow
it9404PPit
works9405VVZwork
,9406,,
you9407PPyou
've9408VHPhave
never9409RBnever
read9410VVNread
the9411DTthe
regulations9412NNSregulation
,9413,,
you9414PPyou
would9415MDwould
actually9416RBactually
read9417VVread
(9418((
a9419DTa
)9420))
,9421,,
and9422CCand
(9423((
a9424DTa
)9425))
would9426MDwould
say9427VVsay
:9428::
If9429INif
you9430PPyou
go9431VVPgo
before9432INbefore
the9433DTthe
agency9434NNagency
and9435CCand
you9436PPyou
lose9437VVPlose
,9438,,
you9439PPyou
do9440VVPdo
n't9441RBn't
get9442VVget
a9443DTa
fee9444NNfee
.9445SENT.
If9446INif
you9447PPyou
go9448VVPgo
before9449INbefore
the9450DTthe
agency9451NNagency
and9452CCand
you9453PPyou
win9454VVPwin
,9455,,
you9456PPyou
get9457VVPget
paid9458VVNpay
a9459DTa
fee9460NNfee
.9461SENT.
It9462PPit
's9463VBZbe
over9464RBover
with9465INwith
.9466SENT.
And9467CCand
they9468PPthey
get9469VVPget
benefits9470NNSbenefit
,9471,,
and9472CCand
you9473PPyou
get9474VVPget
paid9475VVNpay
a9476DTa
fee9477NNfee
out9478RPout
of9479INof
the9480DTthe
benefits9481NNSbenefit
.9482SENT.
Or9483CCor
,9484,,
other9485JJother
option9486NNoption
,9487,,
two9488CDtwo
,9489,,
you9490PPyou
go9491VVPgo
before9492INbefore
the9493DTthe
court9494NNcourt
,9495,,
and9496CCand
if9497INif
you9498PPyou
get9499VVPget
a9500DTa
favorable9501JJfavorable
judgment9502NNjudgment
,9503,,
you9504PPyou
win9505VVPwin
.9506SENT.
And9507CCand
that9508DTthat
was9509VBDbe
the9510DTthe
view9511NNview
that9512WDTthat
was9513VBDbe
adopted9514VVNadopt
.9515SENT.
That9516DTthat
is9517VBZbe
actually9518RBactually
the9519DTthe
literal9520JJliteral
reading9521NNreading
.9522SENT.
And9523CCand
it9524PPit
was9525VBDbe
the9526DTthe
view9527NNview
that9528WDTthat
made9529VVDmake
...9530:...
formed9531VVNform
the9532DTthe
basis9533NNbasis
of9534INof
the9535DTthe
single9536JJsingle
tribunal9537NNtribunal
rule9538NNrule
.9539SENT.
That9540DTthat
was9541VBDbe
the9542DTthe
Sixth9543NPSixth
Circu9544NPCircu
it9545PPit
's9546VBZbe
rule9547NNrule
.9548SENT.
They9549PPthey
said9550VVDsay
,9551,,
well9552RBwell
,9553,,
whichever9554WDTwhichever
forum9555NNforum
you9556PPyou
win9557VVPwin
in9558INin
,9559,,
that9560WDTthat
's9561VBZbe
where9562WRBwhere
you9563PPyou
get9564VVPget
paid9565VVNpay
a9566DTa
fee9567NNfee
,9568,,
that9569WDTthat
you9570PPyou
can9571MDcan
look9572VVlook
and9573CCand
see9574VVsee
if9575INif
there9576EXthere
's9577VBZbe
any9578DTany
work9579NNwork
done9580VVNdo
in9581INin
the9582DTthe
other9583JJother
forum9584NNforum
,9585,,
but9586CCbut
whatever9587WDTwhatever
forum9588NNforum
you9589PPyou
win9590VVPwin
in9591INin
,9592,,
you9593PPyou
get9594VVPget
a9595DTa
fee9596NNfee
.9597SENT.
Well9598UHwell
,9599,,
nobody9600NNnobody
thinks9601VVZthink
that9602WDTthat
's9603VBZbe
right9604JJright
,9605,,
but9606CCbut
that9607IN/thatthat
actually9608RBactually
is9609VBZbe
the9610DTthe
literal9611JJliteral
reading9612NNreading
of9613INof
the9614DTthe
statute9615NNstatute
:9616::
One9617CDOne
or9618CCor
the9619DTthe
other9620JJother
.9621SENT.
The9622DTthe
only9623JJonly
reason9624NNreason
we9625PPwe
're9626VBPbe
here9627RBhere
is9628VBZbe
that9629IN/thatthat
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know9631VVPknow
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's9634VBZbe
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how9636WRBhow
you9637PPyou
read9638VVPread
it9639PPit
,9640,,
that9641IN/thatthat
you9642PPyou
have9643VHPhave
to9644TOto
read9645VVread
the9646DTthe
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that9648WDTthat
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incorporated9650VVNincorporate
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the9652DTthe
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the9656DTthe
way9657NNway
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the9661DTthe
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,9668,,
the9669DTthe
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's9673VBZbe
one9674CDone
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make9680VVmake
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.9683SENT.
Congress9684NPCongress
...9685:...
Congress9686NPCongress
,9687,,
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the9691DTthe
delegation9692NNdelegation
to9693TOto
the9694DTthe
...9695:...
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the9697DTthe
Board9698NPBoard
,9699,,
then9700RBthen
the9701DTthe
Secretary9702NPSecretary
,9703,,
then9704RBthen
the9705DTthe
Commissioner9706NPCommissioner
to9707TOto
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,9710,,
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up9712RPup
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.9715SENT.
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set9719VVDset
up9720RPup
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,9723,,
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was9725VBDbe
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a9729DTa
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.9733SENT.
The9734DTthe
...9735:...
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...9739:...
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...9748:...
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...9751:...
I9752PPI
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Your9759PP$your
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They9765PPthey
've9766VHPhave
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however9769RBhowever
,9770,,
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,9772,,
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19939774CD@card@
,9775,,
they9776PPthey
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said9779VVDsay
,9780,,
oh9781UHoh
,9782,,
actually9783RBactually
,9784,,
they9785PPthey
've9786VHPhave
been9787VBNbe
flip-flopping9788VVGflip-flop
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No9790UHNo
,9791,,
they9792PPthey
've9793VHPhave
never9794RBnever
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.9798SENT.
The9799DTthe
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fees9815NNSfee
in9816INin
(9817((
a9818DTa
)9819))
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(9821((
b9822LSb
)9823))
was9824VBDbe
talking9825VVGtalk
about9826INabout
this9827DTthis
single9828JJsingle
tribunal9829NNtribunal
rule9830NNrule
.9831SENT.
And9832CCand
...9833:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]9834LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
Congress9835NPCongress
used9836VVDuse
the9837DTthe
phrase9838NNphrase
"9839''"
in9840INin
the9841DTthe
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"9843``"
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one9845PPone
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as9851RBas
well9852RBwell
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is9861VBZbe
the9862DTthe
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...9864:...
the9865DTthe
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,9867,,
the9868DTthe
29869CD2
and9870CCand
the9871DTthe
169872CD@card@
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use9875VVPuse
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in9877INin
the9878DTthe
aggregate9879JJaggregate
"9880``"
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here9887RBhere
.9888SENT.
Do9889VVdo
you9890PPyou
have9891VHPhave
a9892DTa
...9893:...
[MS. WEIL]9894LOC[MS. WEIL]
That9895DTthat
is9896VBZbe
unfortunate9897JJunfortunate
.9898SENT.
This9899DTthis
is9900VBZbe
not9901RBnot
the9902DTthe
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written9904JJwritten
statute9905NNstatute
.9906SENT.
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LAUGHTER9908NNlaughter
]9909SYM]
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If9911INif
it9912PPit
had9913VHDhave
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more9915RBRmore
clear9916JJclear
,9917,,
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certainly9919RBcertainly
would9920MDwould
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have9922VHhave
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here9924RBhere
.9925SENT.
That9926DTthat
...9927:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]9928LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
It9929PPit
sounds9930VVZsound
like9931INlike
you9932PPyou
're9933VBPbe
saying9934VVGsay
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...9938:...
Congress9939NPCongress
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n't9941RBn't
think9942VVthink
through9943INthrough
...9944:...
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Well9946UHWell
...9947:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]9948LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
...9949:...
in9950INin
its9951PP$its
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the9953DTthe
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on9956INon
the9957DTthe
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n't9963RBn't
know9964VVknow
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're9967VBPbe
supposed9968VVNsuppose
to9969TOto
necessarily9970RBnecessarily
do9971VVdo
with9972INwith
that9973DTthat
.9974SENT.
[MS. WEIL]9975LOC[MS. WEIL]
What9976WPWhat
you9977PPyou
do9978VVPdo
with9979INwith
that9980DTthat
is9981VBZbe
,9982,,
well9983UHwell
,9984,,
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say9986VVPsay
,9987,,
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?9992SENT?
Because9993INbecause
this9994DTthis
is9995VBZbe
a9996DTa
piecemeal9997JJpiecemeal
statute9998NNstatute
.9999SENT.
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started10001VVDstart
out10002RPout
with10003INwith
Section10004NNsection
(10005((
b10006LSb
)10007))
when10008WRBwhen
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(10010((
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)10012))
fees10013NNSfee
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small10016JJsmall
,10017,,
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(10022((
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)10024))
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,10034,,
inordinately10035RBinordinately
large10036JJlarge
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.10038SENT.
We10039PPwe
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be10042VBbe
able10043JJable
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things10047NNSthing
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're10051VBPbe
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of10068INof
their10069PP$their
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paid10072VVNpay
out10073RPout
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attorney10075NNattorney
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fees10077NNSfee
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enough10083RBenough
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allowing10116VVGallow
3010117CD@card@
,10118,,
4010119CD@card@
,10120,,
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.10122SENT.
That10123DTthat
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there10127RBthere
.10128SENT.
In10129INin
fact10130NNfact
,10131,,
those10132DTthose
...10133:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]10134LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
I10135PPI
mean10136VVPmean
,10137,,
it10138PPit
seems10139VVZseem
...10140:...
to10141TOto
support10142VVsupport
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point10144NNpoint
,10145,,
it10146PPit
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[MS. WEIL]10165LOC[MS. WEIL]
Congress10166NPCongress
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...10170:...
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]10171LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
That10172DTthat
...10173:...
[MS. WEIL]10174LOC[MS. WEIL]
...10175:...
any10176DTany
of10177INof
this10178DTthis
.10179SENT.
[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]10180LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]
...10181:...
that10182WDTthat
said10183VVDsay
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the10185DTthe
"10186``"
in10187INin
the10188DTthe
aggregate10189NNaggregate
"10190``"
is10191VBZbe
missing10192VVGmiss
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text10195NNtext
is10196VBZbe
a10197DTa
problem10198NNproblem
,10199,,
as10200RBas
...10201:...
as10202INas
you10203PPyou
acknowledge10204VVPacknowledge
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[MS. WEIL]10206LOC[MS. WEIL]
But10207CCbut
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possible10211JJpossible
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the10231DTthe
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the10244DTthe
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.10249SENT.
I10250PPI
mean10251VVPmean
,10252,,
the10253DTthe
...10254:...
[JUSTICE KAGAN]10255LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
What10256WPWhat
about10257INabout
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language10259NNlanguage
...10260:...
I10261PPI
'm10262VBPbe
sorry10263JJsorry
.10264SENT.
Keep10265VVkeep
going10266VVGgo
.10267SENT.
[MS. WEIL]10268LOC[MS. WEIL]
From10269INfrom
the10270DTthe
...10271:...
from10272INfrom
the10273DTthe
very10274JJvery
beginning10275NNbeginning
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they10277PPthey
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the10280DTthe
2510281CD@card@
percent10282NNpercent
withholding10283NNwithholding
and10284CCand
2510285CD@card@
percent10286NNpercent
cap10287NNcap
.10288SENT.
[JUSTICE KAGAN]10289LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN]
What10290WDTwhat
...10291:...
what10292WPwhat
about10293INabout
the10294DTthe
language10295NNlanguage
that10296IN/thatthat
Mr10297NPMr
.10298SENT.
Yang10299NPYang
referred10300VVDrefer
to10301TOto
in10302INin
(10303((
a10304DTa
)10305))
(10306((
410307LS4
)10308))
?10309SENT?
This10310DTthis
is10311VBZbe
the10312DTthe
language10313NNlanguage
about10314INabout
payment10315NNpayment
in10316INin
an10317DTan
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equal10319JJequal
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so10321RBso
much10322JJmuch
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fee10326NNfee
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does10328VVZdo
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2510331CD@card@
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fee10342NNfee
could10343MDcould
be10344VBbe
more10345JJRmore
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[MS. WEIL]10350LOC[MS. WEIL]
I10351PPI
actually10352RBactually
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came10357VVDcome
from10358INfrom
a10359DTa
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And10364CCand
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you10373PPyou
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And10382CCand
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of10384INof
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there10389EXthere
was10390VBDbe
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Senate10398NPSenate
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the10408DTthe
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the10410DTthe
system10411NNsystem
was10412VBDbe
set10413VVNset
up10414RPup
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you10416PPyou
would10417MDwould
determine10418VVdetermine
past-due10419JJpast-due
benefits10420NNSbenefit
.10421SENT.
First10422RBfirst
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would10425MDwould
,10426,,
if10427INif
you10428PPyou
got10429VVDget
...10430:...
if10431INif
you10432PPyou
had10433VHDhave
a10434DTa
disability10435NNdisability
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SSI10437NPSSI
claim10438NNclaim
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past-due10444JJpast-due
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by10446INby
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the10457DTthe
SSI10458NPSSI
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the10462DTthe
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fee10464NNfee
.10465SENT.
And10466CCand
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that10472DTthat
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saying10476VVGsay
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up10481RPup
really10482RBreally
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SSI10486NPSSI
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were10498VBDbe
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the10502DTthe
disability10503NNdisability
originally10504RBoriginally
.10505SENT.
So10506RBso
when10507WRBwhen
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...10509:...
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to10511TOto
determine10512VVdetermine
attorneys10513NNSattorney
'10514POS'
fees10515NNSfee
,10516,,
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going10519VVGgo
to10520TOto
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the10522DTthe
amount10523NNamount
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the10525DTthe
past-due10526JJpast-due
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pool10528NNpool
to10529TOto
be10530VBbe
paid10531VVNpay
from10532INfrom
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We10534PPwe
're10535VBPbe
going10536VVGgo
to10537TOto
back10538VVback
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the10540DTthe
SSI10541NPSSI
payment10542NNpayment
.10543SENT.
And10544CCand
then10545RBthen
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're10547VBPbe
going10548VVGgo
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2510551CD@card@
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That10556DTthat
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the10558DTthe
way10559NNway
the10560DTthe
setup10561NNsetup
was10562VBDbe
.10563SENT.
And10564CCand
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put10567VVDput
in10568INin
the10569DTthe
new10570JJnew
(10571((
a10572DTa
)10573))
(10574((
410575LS4
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the10578DTthe
new10579JJnew
amendments10580NNSamendment
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process10585NNprocess
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And10587CCand
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they10591PPthey
put10592VVDput
in10593INin
a10594DTa
section10595NNsection
saying10596VVGsay
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well10598RBwell
,10599,,
the10600DTthe
way10601NNway
we10602PPwe
're10603VBPbe
going10604VVGgo
to10605TOto
do10606VVdo
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now10608RBnow
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're10611VBPbe
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them10615PPthem
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past-due10618JJpast-due
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of10621INof
the10622DTthe
disability10623NNdisability
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but10629CCbut
they10630PPthey
're10631VBPbe
still10632RBstill
...10633:...
when10634WRBwhen
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're10636VBPbe
going10637VVGgo
to10638TOto
pay10639VVpay
them10640PPthem
,10641,,
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still10643RBstill
are10644VBPbe
withholding10645VVGwithhold
only10646RBonly
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2510648CD@card@
percent10649NNpercent
.10650SENT.
So10651RBso
they10652PPthey
're10653VBPbe
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be10657VBbe
able10658JJable
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be10660VBbe
paid10661VVNpay
that10662IN/thatthat
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they10666PPthey
're10667VBPbe
going10668VVGgo
to10669TOto
be10670VBbe
able10671JJable
to10672TOto
get10673VVget
an10674DTan
award10675NNaward
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of10677INof
the10678DTthe
disability10679NNdisability
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the10682DTthe
SSI10683NPSSI
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out10685RPout
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comes10689VVZcome
to10690TOto
being10691VBGbe
paid10692VVNpay
,10693,,
they10694PPthey
're10695VBPbe
going10696VVGgo
to10697TOto
have10698VHhave
to10699TOto
only10700RBonly
get10701VVget
from10702INfrom
us10703PPus
the10704DTthe
2510705CD@card@
percent10706NNpercent
after10707INafter
the10708DTthe
SSI10709NPSSI
reduction10710NNreduction
.10711SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]10712LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Ms10713NNMs
.10714SENT.
Weil10715NPWeil
,10716,,
I10717PPI
believe10718VVPbelieve
it10719PPit
helps10720VVZhelp
you10721PPyou
,10722,,
does10723VVZdo
n't10724RBn't
it10725PPit
,10726,,
that10727IN/thatthat
the10728DTthe
probability10729NNprobability
of10730INof
there10731RBthere
being10732VBGbe
an10733DTan
award10734NNaward
over10735INover
percent10736NNpercent
of10737INof
the10738DTthe
past-due10739JJpast-due
amounts10740NNSamount
is10741VBZbe
when10742WRBwhen
no10743DTno
past-due10744JJpast-due
amounts10745NNSamount
are10746VBPbe
awarded10747VVNaward
,10748,,
correct10749VVcorrect
?10750SENT?
Because10751INbecause
an10752DTan
attorney10753NNattorney
can10754MDcan
receive10755VVreceive
a10756DTa
reasonable10757JJreasonable
fee10758NNfee
.10759SENT.
[MS. WEIL]10760LOC[MS. WEIL]
Correct10761JJcorrect
,10762,,
in10763INin
a10764DTa
overpayment10765NNoverpayment
or10766CCor
a10767DTa
termination10768NNtermination
case10769NNcase
?10770SENT?
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]10771LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Exactly10772RBexactly
.10773SENT.
And10774CCand
so10775RBso
in10776INin
those10777DTthose
...10778:...
in10779INin
those10780DTthose
cases10781NNScase
,10782,,
it10783PPit
's10784VBZbe
always10785RBalways
going10786VVGgo
to10787TOto
be10788VBbe
2510789CD@card@
percent10790NNpercent
...10791:...
more10792JJRmore
than10793INthan
2510794CD@card@
percent10795NNpercent
.10796SENT.
[MS. WEIL]10797LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well10798UHWell
,10799,,
there10800RBthere
...10801:...
yeah10802RByeah
,10803,,
there10804EXthere
won10805MDwill
't10806RB't
be10807VBbe
any10808DTany
past-due10809JJpast-due
benefits10810NNSbenefit
.10811SENT.
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]10812LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Exactly10813RBexactly
.10814SENT.
Are10815VBPbe
there10816RBthere
any10817DTany
other10818JJother
situations10819NNSsituation
in10820INin
which10821WDTwhich
the10822DTthe
percent10823NNpercent
...10824:...
over10825INover
2510826CD@card@
percent10827NNpercent
could10828MDcould
be10829VBbe
,10830,,
in10831INin
fact10832NNfact
,10833,,
calculated10834VVNcalculate
?10835SENT?
[MS. WEIL]10836LOC[MS. WEIL]
Calculated10837VVDcalculate
?10838SENT?
[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]10839LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]
Because10840INbecause
the10841DTthe
government10842NNgovernment
's10843VBZbe
making10844VVGmake
much10845RBmuch
of10846INof
this10847DTthis
,10848,,
that10849IN/thatthat
Congress10850NPCongress
contemplated10851VVDcontemplate
it10852PPit
,10853,,
and10854CCand
I10855PPI
thought10856VVDthink
your10857PP$your
brief10858NNbrief
said10859VVDsay
they10860PPthey
contemplated10861VVDcontemplate
it10862PPit
only10863RBonly
in10864INin
the10865DTthe
two10866CDtwo
circumstances10867NNScircumstance
of10868INof
where10869WRBwhere
there10870EXthere
's10871VBZbe
no10872DTno
past-due10873JJpast-due
amounts10874NNSamount
.10875SENT.
[MS. WEIL]10876LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well10877UHWell
,10878,,
that10879WDTthat
's10880VBZbe
correct10881JJcorrect
.10882SENT.
I10883PPI
mean10884VVPmean
,10885,,
the10886DTthe
only10887JJonly
time10888NNtime
you10889PPyou
would10890MDwould
be10891VBbe
getting10892VVGget
benefits10893NNSbenefit
,10894,,
you10895PPyou
'd10896MDwould
either10897RBeither
...10898:...
the10899DTthe
only10900JJonly
time10901NNtime
these10902DTthese
cases10903NNScase
would10904MDwould
come10905VVcome
before10906RBbefore
without10907INwithout
two10908CDtwo
past10909NNpast
...10910:...
without10911INwithout
past-due10912JJpast-due
benefits10913NNSbenefit
being10914VBGbe
available10915JJavailable
to10916TOto
determine10917VVdetermine
the10918DTthe
2510919CD@card@
percent10920NNpercent
out10921RPout
of10922INof
would10923MDwould
be10924VBbe
overpayment10925NNoverpayment
and10926CCand
termination10927NNtermination
cases10928NNScase
.10929SENT.
I10930PPI
think10931VVPthink
it10932PPit
's10933VBZbe
very10934RBvery
important10935JJimportant
to10936TOto
keep10937VVkeep
in10938INin
mind10939NNmind
when10940WRBwhen
we10941PPwe
are10942VBPbe
looking10943VVGlook
at10944INat
this10945DTthis
as10946INas
a10947DTa
whole10948NNwhole
to10949TOto
determine10950VVdetermine
what10951WPwhat
Congress10952NPCongress
had10953VHDhave
intended10954VVNintend
in10955INin
terms10956NNSterm
of10957INof
who10958WPwho
we10959PPwe
're10960VBPbe
talking10961VVGtalk
about10962RBabout
.10963SENT.
Again10964RBagain
,10965,,
these10966DTthese
are10967VBPbe
claimants10968NNSclaimant
who10969WPwho
,10970,,
had10971VHDhave
they10972PPthey
originally10973RBoriginally
gone10974VVNgo
before10975INbefore
the10976DTthe
agency10977NNagency
and10978CCand
been10979VBNbe
awarded10980VVNaward
...10981:...
awarded10982VVDaward
their10983PP$their
benefits10984NNSbenefit
,10985,,
they10986PPthey
would10987MDwould
n't10988RBn't
have10989VHhave
had10990VHNhave
anything10991NNanything
out10992RPout
of10993INof
them10994PPthem
.10995SENT.
They10996PPthey
would10997MDwould
have10998VHhave
had10999VHNhave
10011000CD@card@
percent11001NNpercent
of11002INof
their11003PP$their
benefits11004NNSbenefit
awarded11005VVDaward
.11006SENT.
But11007CCbut
now11008RBnow
agency11009NNagency
wrongfully11010RBwrongfully
,11011,,
and11012CCand
it11013PPit
turns11014VVZturn
out11015INout
they11016PPthey
agree11017VVPagree
,11018,,
wrongfully11019RBwrongfully
denied11020VVDdeny
them11021PPthem
the11022DTthe
benefits11023NNSbenefit
.11024SENT.
So11025RBso
the11026DTthe
...11027:...
over11028INover
a11029DTa
course11030NNcourse
of11031INof
years11032NNSyear
,11033,,
these11034DTthese
past-due11035JJpast-due
benefits11036NNSbenefit
are11037VBPbe
accruing11038VVGaccrue
,11039,,
this11040DTthis
is11041VBZbe
n't11042RBn't
nothing11043NNnothing
.11044SENT.
This11045DTthis
is11046VBZbe
n't11047RBn't
a11048DTa
small11049JJsmall
...11050:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11051LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
But11052CCbut
is11053VBZbe
n't11054RBn't
that11055IN/thatthat
exactly11056RBexactly
the11057DTthe
hardest11058JJShard
cases11059NNScase
where11060WRBwhere
you11061PPyou
maybe11062RBmaybe
are11063VBPbe
most11064RBSmost
in11065RBin
need11066VVPneed
of11067INof
good11068JJgood
legal11069JJlegal
services11070NNSservice
and11071CCand
lawyers11072NNSlawyer
might11073MDmight
be11074VBbe
least11075RBSleast
likely11076JJlikely
to11077TOto
participate11078VVparticipate
?11079SENT?
[MS. WEIL]11080LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well11081UHWell
,11082,,
that11083WDTthat
's11084VBZbe
the11085DTthe
fortunate11086JJfortunate
thing11087NNthing
about11088INabout
(11089((
a11090DTa
)11091))
,11092,,
the11093DTthe
2511094CD@card@
percent11095NNpercent
does11096VVZdo
satisfy11097VVsatisfy
the11098DTthe
attorneys11099NNSattorney
and11100CCand
,11101,,
(11102((
b11103LSb
)11104))
,11105,,
the11106DTthe
EAJA11107NPEAJA
award11108NNaward
can11109MDcan
be11110VBbe
in11111INin
excess11112NNexcess
of11113INof
that11114DTthat
.11115SENT.
You11116PPyou
can11117MDcan
make11118VVmake
the11119DTthe
claimant11120NNclaimant
whole11121NNwhole
and11122CCand
the11123DTthe
attorney11124NNattorney
can11125MDcan
...11126:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11127LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
But11128CCbut
you11129PPyou
would11130MDwould
agree11131VVagree
with11132INwith
the11133DTthe
premise11134NNpremise
that11135WDTthat
...11136:...
that11137IN/thatthat
these11138DTthese
are11139VBPbe
the11140DTthe
cases11141NNScase
,11142,,
these11143DTthese
are11144VBPbe
the11145DTthe
hardest11146JJShard
cases11147NNScase
where11148WRBwhere
attorneys11149NNSattorney
are11150VBPbe
most11151RBSmost
useful11152JJuseful
perhaps11153RBperhaps
?11154SENT?
[MS. WEIL]11155LOC[MS. WEIL]
Well11156UHwell
,11157,,
I11158PPI
think11159VVPthink
they11160PPthey
're11161VBPbe
necessary11162JJnecessary
to11163TOto
go11164VVgo
into11165INinto
court11166NNcourt
.11167SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11168LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
Yeah11169NPYeah
.11170SENT.
[MS. WEIL]11171LOC[MS. WEIL]
I11172PPI
do11173VVPdo
n't11174RBn't
know11175VVknow
necessarily11176RBnecessarily
the11177DTthe
hardest11178JJShard
cases11179NNScase
,11180,,
but11181CCbut
definitely11182RBdefinitely
...11183:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11184LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
They11185PPthey
've11186VHPhave
lost11187VVNlose
below11188RBbelow
.11189SENT.
[MS. WEIL]11190LOC[MS. WEIL]
And11191CCand
that11192DTthat
's11193VBZbe
the11194DTthe
only11195JJonly
...11196:...
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11197LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
They11198PPthey
've11199VHPhave
lost11200VVNlose
below11201RBbelow
.11202SENT.
[MS. WEIL]11203LOC[MS. WEIL]
They11204PPthey
lost11205VVDlose
below11206RBbelow
.11207SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11208LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
And11209CCand
now11210RBnow
they11211PPthey
're11212VBPbe
going11213VVGgo
to11214TOto
court11215NNcourt
?11216SENT?
[MS. WEIL]11217LOC[MS. WEIL]
And11218CCand
now11219RBnow
they11220PPthey
're11221VBPbe
going11222VVGgo
to11223TOto
court11224NNcourt
.11225SENT.
And11226CCand
my11227PP$my
point11228NNpoint
being11229NNbeing
that11230WDTthat
had11231VHDhave
they11232PPthey
not11233RBnot
had11234VHDhave
to11235TOto
go11236VVgo
to11237TOto
court11238NNcourt
,11239,,
had11240VHDhave
they11241PPthey
not11242RBnot
had11243VHDhave
to11244TOto
go11245VVgo
to11246TOto
court11247NNcourt
and11248CCand
had11249VHDhave
they11250PPthey
been11251VBNbe
rightfully11252RBrightfully
paid11253VVNpay
,11254,,
then11255RBthen
they11256PPthey
would11257MDwould
n't11258RBn't
be11259VBbe
paying11260VVGpay
any11261DTany
attorneys11262NNSattorney
'11263POS'
fees11264NNSfee
.11265SENT.
So11266INso
a11267DTa
lot11268NNlot
of11269INof
people11270NNSpeople
might11271MDmight
think11272VVthink
:11273::
Well11274UHWell
,11275,,
maybe11276RBmaybe
the11277DTthe
government11278NNgovernment
ought11279MDought
to11280TOto
be11281VBbe
paying11282VVGpay
their11283PP$their
fees11284NNSfee
.11285SENT.
[JUSTICE GORSUCH]11286LOC[JUSTICE GORSUCH]
Sure11287NPSure
.11288SENT.
That11289DTthat
would11290MDwould
be11291VBbe
a11292DTa
reasonable11293JJreasonable
judgment11294NNjudgment
too11295RBtoo
.11296SENT.
[MS. WEIL]11297LOC[MS. WEIL]
But11298CCbut
,11299,,
instead11300RBinstead
,11301,,
this11302DTthis
is11303VBZbe
coming11304VVGcome
out11305RPout
of11306INof
past-due11307JJpast-due
benefits11308NNSbenefit
.11309SENT.
So11310RBso
you11311PPyou
have11312VHPhave
to11313TOto
determine11314VVdetermine
,11315,,
and11316CCand
Your11317PP$your
Honors11318NNShonors
have11319VHPhave
to11320TOto
determine11321VVdetermine
,11322,,
what11323WPwhat
did11324VVDdo
Congress11325NPCongress
intend11326VVintend
when11327WRBwhen
they11328PPthey
were11329VBDbe
doing11330VVGdo
this11331DTthis
.11332SENT.
When11333WRBwhen
they11334PPthey
put11335VVDput
the11336DTthe
statute11337NNstatute
out11338RBout
,11339,,
when11340WRBwhen
we11341PPwe
know11342VVPknow
they11343PPthey
thought11344VVDthink
3311345CD@card@
percent11346NNpercent
to11347TOto
5011348CD@card@
percent11349NNpercent
was11350VBDbe
inordinately11351RBinordinately
high11352JJhigh
,11353,,
what11354WPwhat
did11355VVDdo
they11356PPthey
actually11357RBactually
intend11358VVPintend
to11359TOto
have11360VHhave
happen11361VVhappen
with11362INwith
the11363DTthe
agency11364NNagency
?11365SENT?
And11366CCand
the11367DTthe
agency11368NNagency
determined11369VVDdetermine
that11370IN/thatthat
2511371CD@card@
percent11372NNpercent
was11373VBDbe
the11374DTthe
maximum11375NNmaximum
.11376SENT.
And11377CCand
the11378DTthe
agency11379NNagency
determined11380VVDdetermine
that11381IN/thatthat
that11382DTthat
percent11383NNpercent
aggregate11384NNaggregate
was11385VBDbe
what11386WPwhat
they11387PPthey
would11388MDwould
advocate11389VVadvocate
in11390INin
favor11391NNfavor
of11392INof
.11393SENT.
And11394CCand
,11395,,
in11396INin
fact11397NNfact
,11398,,
if11399INif
I11400PPI
could11401MDcould
,11402,,
Your11403PP$your
Honors11404NNShonors
,11405,,
I11406PPI
found11407VVDfind
the11408DTthe
brief11409NNbrief
where11410WRBwhere
they11411PPthey
wrote11412VVDwrite
in11413INin
Dawson11414NPDawson
to11415TOto
explain11416VVexplain
their11417PP$their
position11418NNposition
,11419,,
which11420WDTwhich
has11421VHZhave
been11422VBNbe
maintained11423VVNmaintain
for11424INfor
5011425CD@card@
years11426NNSyear
,11427,,
for11428INfor
half11429PDThalf
a11430DTa
century11431NNcentury
:11432::
"11433``"
The11434DTthe
most11435JJSmost
of11436INof
the11437DTthe
benefits11438NNSbenefit
provided11439VVNprovide
for11440INfor
by11441INby
the11442DTthe
Act11443NPAct
are11444VBPbe
intended11445VVNintend
to11446TOto
supply11447VVsupply
a11448DTa
means11449NNmeans
of11450INof
livelihood11451NNlivelihood
to11452TOto
persons11453NNSperson
who11454WPwho
have11455VHPhave
been11456VBNbe
deprived11457VVNdeprive
of11458INof
their11459PP$their
ability11460NNability
to11461TOto
support11462VVsupport
themselves11463PPthemselves
,11464,,
e11465NNe
.11466SENT.
g11467NNg
.11468SENT.
,11469,,
old11470JJold
age11471NNage
benefits11472NNSbenefit
for11473INfor
retirees11474NNSretiree
and11475CCand
disability11476NNdisability
benefits11477NNSbenefit
for11478INfor
the11479DTthe
disabled11480JJdisabled
.11481SENT.
"11482''"
The11483DTthe
majority11484NNmajority
of11485INof
the11486DTthe
claimants11487NNSclaimant
for11488INfor
benefits11489NNSbenefit
,11490,,
therefore11491RBtherefore
,11492,,
depend11493VVPdepend
upon11494INupon
them11495PPthem
for11496INfor
subsistence11497NNsubsistence
,11498,,
part11499NNpart
of11500INof
their11501PP$their
livelihood11502NNlivelihood
.11503SENT.
And11504CCand
for11505INfor
most11506JJSmost
,11507,,
many11508JJmany
of11509INof
the11510DTthe
benefits11511NNSbenefit
are11512VBPbe
their11513PP$their
sole11514JJsole
means11515NNSmean
of11516INof
support11517NNsupport
.11518SENT.
Often11519RBoften
,11520,,
by11521INby
the11522DTthe
time11523NNtime
past-due11524JJpast-due
benefits11525NNSbenefit
are11526VBPbe
recovered11527VVNrecover
from11528INfrom
the11529DTthe
Secretary11530NPSecretary
,11531,,
the11532DTthe
claimant11533NNclaimant
is11534VBZbe
in11535INin
dire11536JJdire
financial11537JJfinancial
need11538NNneed
.11539SENT.
Deduction11540NNdeduction
of11541INof
a11542DTa
third11543JJthird
to11544TOto
a11545DTa
half11546NNhalf
of11547INof
these11548DTthese
benefits11549NNSbenefit
,11550,,
whatever11551WDTwhatever
the11552DTthe
purpose11553NNpurpose
,11554,,
can11555MDcan
impose11556VVimpose
serious11557JJserious
financial11558JJfinancial
hardship11559NNhardship
on11560INon
the11561DTthe
claimant11562NNclaimant
.11563SENT.
"11564''"
Congress11565NPCongress
has11566VHZhave
sought11567VVNseek
to11568TOto
balance11569VVbalance
these11570DTthese
needs11571NNSneed
against11572INagainst
that11573DTthat
of11574INof
the11575DTthe
attorney11576NNattorney
by11577INby
giving11578VVGgive
the11579DTthe
court11580NNcourt
authority11581NNauthority
to11582TOto
fix11583VVfix
a11584DTa
fee11585NNfee
for11586INfor
the11587DTthe
attorney11588NNattorney
when11589WRBwhen
the11590DTthe
court11591NNcourt
renders11592VVZrender
a11593DTa
judgment11594NNjudgment
favorable11595JJfavorable
to11596TOto
the11597DTthe
claimant11598NNclaimant
and11599CCand
by11600INby
limiting11601VVGlimit
the11602DTthe
amount11603NNamount
of11604INof
that11605DTthat
fee11606NNfee
to11607TOto
a11608DTa
maximum11609NNmaximum
of11610INof
2511611CD@card@
percent11612NNpercent
of11613INof
the11614DTthe
past-due11615JJpast-due
benefits11616NNSbenefit
.11617SENT.
"11618``"
It11619PPit
's11620VBZbe
plain11621JJplain
,11622,,
therefore11623RBtherefore
,11624,,
that11625IN/thatthat
the11626DTthe
Court11627NPCourt
's11628POS's
allowance11629NNallowance
of11630INof
a11631DTa
fee11632NNfee
in11633INin
a11634DTa
Social11635NPSocial
Security11636NPSecurity
case11637NNcase
larger11638JJRlarge
than11639INthan
an11640DTan
overall11641JJoverall
2511642CD@card@
percent11643NNpercent
of11644INof
past-due11645JJpast-due
benefits11646NNSbenefit
recovered11647VVNrecover
would11648MDwould
be11649VBbe
contrary11650JJcontrary
to11651TOto
Congress11652NPCongress
's11653POS's
will11654NNwill
.11655SENT.
"11656''"
That11657WDTthat
was11658VBDbe
...11659:...
that11660WDTthat
was11661VBDbe
...11662:...
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]11663LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
I11664PPI
'm11665VBPbe
sorry11666JJsorry
,11667,,
counsel11668NNcounsel
,11669,,
what11670WPwhat
are11671VBPbe
you11672PPyou
...11673:...
what11674WPwhat
are11675VBPbe
you11676PPyou
reading11677VVGread
from11678INfrom
?11679SENT?
[MS. WEIL]11680LOC[MS. WEIL]
I11681PPI
'm11682VBPbe
reading11683VVGread
from11684INfrom
the11685DTthe
brief11686NNbrief
of11687INof
the11688DTthe
government11689NNgovernment
in11690INin
Dawson11691NPDawson
.11692SENT.
So11693RBso
that11694DTthat
was11695VBDbe
in11696INin
411697CD4
197011698CD@card@
.11699SENT.
Then11700RBthen
,11701,,
in11702INin
Gisbrecht11703NPGisbrecht
,11704,,
the11705DTthe
solicitor11706NNsolicitor
said11707VVDsay
that11708IN/thatthat
"11709``"
the11710DTthe
statute11711NNstatute
's11712POS's
primary11713JJprimary
goal11714NNgoal
is11715VBZbe
ensuring11716VVGensure
the11717DTthe
claimant11718NNclaimant
keeps11719VVZkeep
as11720RBas
much11721RBmuch
of11722INof
the11723DTthe
back-due11724NNback-due
award11725NNaward
as11726INas
possible11727JJpossible
.11728SENT.
"11729''"
And11730CCand
then11731RBthen
later11732RBRlater
said11733VVNsay
...11734:...
quoted11735VVNquote
an11736DTan
Eleventh11737JJeleventh
Circuit11738NPCircuit
case11739NNcase
,11740,,
Kay11741NPKay
versus11742CCversus
Apfel11743NPApfel
,11744,,
in11745INin
the11746DTthe
same11747JJsame
brief11748NNbrief
in11749INin
this11750DTthis
Court11751NPCourt
,11752,,
that11753IN/thatthat
"11754``"
40611755CD@card@
(11756((
b11757LSb
)11758))
is11759VBZbe
designed11760VVNdesign
to11761TOto
protect11762VVprotect
a11763DTa
particularly11764RBparticularly
vulnerable11765JJvulnerable
class11766NNclass
of11767INof
claimants11768NNSclaimant
.11769SENT.
Many11770JJmany
claimants11771NNSclaimant
in11772INin
Social11773NPSocial
Security11774NPSecurity
benefit11775NNbenefit
cases11776NNScase
are11777VBPbe
minors11778NNSminor
or11779CCor
incompetent11780JJincompetent
to11781TOto
manage11782VVmanage
their11783PP$their
affairs11784NNSaffair
,11785,,
or11786CCor
disadvantaged11787VVNdisadvantage
by11788INby
lack11789NNlack
of11790INof
education11791NNeducation
or11792CCor
physical11793JJphysical
or11794CCor
mental11795JJmental
impairment11796NNimpairment
.11797SENT.
"11798``"
So11799RBso
I11800PPI
think11801VVPthink
that11802IN/thatthat
this11803DTthis
Court11804NPCourt
in11805INin
looking11806VVGlook
at11807INat
what11808WPwhat
Congress11809NPCongress
intended11810VVDintend
needs11811NNSneed
to11812TOto
look11813VVlook
at11814INat
what11815WPwhat
the11816DTthe
Commission11817NPCommission
had11818VHDhave
said11819VVNsay
for11820INfor
years11821NNSyear
,11822,,
because11823INbecause
they11824PPthey
were11825VBDbe
the11826DTthe
implementing11827VVGimplement
body11828NNbody
.11829SENT.
They11830PPthey
were11831VBDbe
the11832DTthe
ones11833NNSone
who11834WPwho
were11835VBDbe
reading11836VVGread
these11837DTthese
statutory11838JJstatutory
changes11839NNSchange
,11840,,
the11841DTthe
amendments11842NNSamendment
as11843INas
they11844PPthey
came11845VVDcome
along11846RPalong
,11847,,
and11848CCand
they11849PPthey
made11850VVDmake
it11851PPit
consistent11852JJconsistent
,11853,,
always11854RBalways
were11855VBDbe
consistently11856RBconsistently
taking11857VVGtake
the11858DTthe
position11859NNposition
that11860IN/thatthat
2511861CD@card@
percent11862NNpercent
of11863INof
the11864DTthe
past-due11865JJpast-due
benefits11866NNSbenefit
that11867WDTthat
had11868VHDhave
been11869VBNbe
accruing11870VVGaccrue
over11871INover
the11872DTthe
time11873NNtime
the11874DTthe
case11875NNcase
was11876VBDbe
in11877INin
court11878NNcourt
or11879CCor
before11880INbefore
the11881DTthe
agency11882NNagency
was11883VBDbe
what11884WPwhat
would11885MDwould
be11886VBbe
Congress11887NPCongress
's11888POS's
intent11889NNintent
.11890SENT.
Congress11891NPCongress
,11892,,
the11893DTthe
agency11894NNagency
,11895,,
and11896CCand
the11897DTthe
courts11898NNScourt
have11899VHPhave
knitted11900VVNknit
together11901RBtogether
a11902DTa
system11903NNsystem
with11904INwith
a11905DTa
percent11906NNpercent
aggregate11907JJaggregate
cap11908NNcap
that11909WDTthat
has11910VHZhave
been11911VBNbe
working11912VVGwork
since11913INsince
196511914CD@card@
.11915SENT.
Petitioner11916NNpetitioner
and11917CCand
Respondents11918NNSrespondent
have11919VHPhave
urged11920VVNurge
this11921DTthis
Court11922NPCourt
to11923TOto
pull11924VVpull
a11925DTa
thread11926NNthread
on11927INon
that11928DTthat
system11929NNsystem
and11930CCand
to11931TOto
begin11932VVbegin
to11933TOto
unravel11934VVunravel
it11935PPit
.11936SENT.
I11937PPI
would11938MDwould
urge11939VVurge
this11940DTthis
Court11941NPCourt
not11942RBnot
to11943TOto
do11944VVdo
that11945DTthat
.11946SENT.
The11947DTthe
judgment11948NNjudgment
of11949INof
the11950DTthe
Eleventh11951JJeleventh
Circuit11952NNcircuit
,11953,,
we11954PPwe
ask11955VVPask
,11956,,
be11957VBbe
affirmed11958VVNaffirm
.11959SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]11960LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Thank11961VVthank
you11962PPyou
,11963,,
counsel11964NNcounsel
.11965SENT.
Mr11966NPMr
.11967SENT.
Ortiz11968NPOrtiz
,11969,,
you11970PPyou
have11971VHPhave
a11972DTa
minute11973NNminute
left11974VVDleave
.11975SENT.
[MR. ORTIZ]11976LOC[MR. ORTIZ]
Thank11977VVthank
you11978PPyou
,11979,,
Mr11980NPMr
.11981SENT.
Chief11982NPChief
Justice11983NPJustice
.11984SENT.
Might11985MDmight
I11986PPI
make11987VVmake
quickly11988RBquickly
three11989CDthree
points11990NNSpoint
:11991::
It11992PPit
's11993VBZbe
not11994RBnot
the11995DTthe
case11996NNcase
that11997IN/thatthat
overpayment11998NNoverpayment
and11999CCand
termination12000NNtermination
are12001VBPbe
the12002DTthe
only12003JJonly
situations12004NNSsituation
where12005WRBwhere
you12006PPyou
can12007MDcan
get12008VVget
in12009INin
a12010DTa
situation12011NNsituation
of12012INof
having12013VHGhave
over12014INover
percent12015NNpercent
.12016SENT.
You12017PPyou
can12018MDcan
also12019RBalso
have12020VHhave
those12021DTthose
cases12022NNScase
under12023INunder
the12024DTthe
petition12025NNpetition
fee12026NNfee
process12027NNprocess
where12028WRBwhere
the12029DTthe
agency12030NNagency
sets12031VVZset
a12032DTa
reasonable12033JJreasonable
fee12034NNfee
,12035,,
there12036EXthere
's12037VBZbe
no12038DTno
restriction12039NNrestriction
on12040INon
that12041DTthat
.12042SENT.
The12043DTthe
timeline12044NNtimeline
problem12045NNproblem
that12046IN/thatthat
my12047PP$my
friend12048NNfriend
mentions12049VVZmention
is12050VBZbe
really12051RBreally
no12052DTno
problem12053NNproblem
at12054INat
all12055DTall
because12056INbecause
,12057,,
in12058INin
Gisbrecht12059NPGisbrecht
,12060,,
this12061DTthis
Court12062NPCourt
instructed12063VVDinstruct
the12064DTthe
lower12065JJRlow
court12066NNcourt
to12067TOto
take12068VVtake
exactly12069RBexactly
that12070DTthat
consideration12071NNconsideration
into12072INinto
account12073NNaccount
in12074INin
setting12075VVGset
reasonable12076JJreasonable
fees12077NNSfee
under12078INunder
40612079CD@card@
.12080SENT.
And12081CCand
,12082,,
finally12083RBfinally
,12084,,
in12085INin
Horenstein12086NPHorenstein
,12087,,
although12088INalthough
that12089WDTthat
was12090VBDbe
primarily12091RBprimarily
a12092DTa
single12093JJsingle
tribunal12094NNtribunal
case12095NNcase
,12096,,
the12097DTthe
Sixth12098NPSixth
Circuit12099NPCircuit
en12100INen
banc12101NNbanc
made12102VVDmake
clear12103JJclear
that12104IN/thatthat
the12105DTthe
single12106JJsingle
tribunal12107NNtribunal
rule12108NNrule
and12109CCand
the12110DTthe
aggregate12111JJaggregate
cap12112NNcap
rule12113NNrule
had12114VHDhave
to12115TOto
stand12116VVstand
or12117CCor
fall12118VVfall
together12119RBtogether
.12120SENT.
We12121PPwe
ask12122VVPask
this12123DTthis
Court12124NPCourt
to12125TOto
reverse12126VVreverse
the12127DTthe
judgment12128NNjudgment
of12129INof
the12130DTthe
Eleventh12131JJeleventh
Circuit12132NNcircuit
and12133CCand
remand12134NNremand
for12135INfor
further12136JJRfurther
proceedings12137NNSproceeding
.12138SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]12139LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
Thank12140VVthank
you12141PPyou
,12142,,
counsel12143NNcounsel
.12144SENT.
Ms12145NNMs
.12146SENT.
Weil12147NPWeil
,12148,,
this12149DTthis
Court12150NPCourt
appointed12151VVDappoint
you12152PPyou
to12153TOto
brief12154VVbrief
and12155CCand
argue12156VVargue
this12157DTthis
case12158NNcase
as12159INas
an12160DTan
amicus12161NNamicus
curiae12162NNScuria
in12163INin
support12164NNsupport
of12165INof
the12166DTthe
judgment12167NNjudgment
below12168RBbelow
.12169SENT.
You12170PPyou
have12171VHPhave
ably12172RBably
discharged12173VVNdischarge
that12174DTthat
responsibility12175NNresponsibility
,12176,,
for12177INfor
which12178WDTwhich
we12179PPwe
are12180VBPbe
grateful12181JJgrateful
.12182SENT.
[MS. WEIL]12183LOC[MS. WEIL]
Thank12184VVthank
you12185PPyou
.12186SENT.
[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]12187LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]
The12188DTthe
case12189NNcase
is12190VBZbe
submitted12191VVNsubmit
.12192SENT.