[MR. YOUNG]31LOC[MR. YOUNG] Mr32NPMr .33SENT. Chief34NPChief Justice35NPJustice ,36,, and37CCand may38MDmay it39PPit please40VVplease the41DTthe Court42NPCourt :43:: Before44INbefore I45PPI turn46VVturn to47TOto why48WRBwhy the49DTthe Court50NPCourt should51MDshould jettison52VVjettison the53DTthe National54NPNational Parks55NPParks definition56NNdefinition of57INof "58``" confidential59JJconfidential "60''" and61CCand instead62RBinstead restore63VVrestore that64DTthat word65NNword 's66POS's plain67JJplain meaning68NNmeaning as69INas used70VVNuse in71INin Exemption72NPExemption 473CD4 of74INof the75DTthe Freedom76NPFreedom of77INof Information78NPInformation Act79NPAct ,80,, let81VVDlet me82PPme address83VVaddress justiciability84NNjusticiability .85SENT. Respondent86NNrespondent 's87POS's brief88NNbrief expressed89VVDexpress doubts90NNSdoubt about91INabout redressability92NNredressability ,93,, but94CCbut redressability95NNredressability and96CCand the97DTthe other98JJother two99CDtwo requirements100NNSrequirement of101INof Article102NPArticle III103NPIII standing104NNstanding are105VBPbe established106VVNestablish here107RBhere .108SENT. First109RBfirst ,110,, our111PP$our injury112NNinjury in113INin fact114NNfact is115VBZbe the116DTthe disclosure117NNdisclosure of118INof our119PP$our members120NNSmember '121POS' store-level122JJstore-level sales123NNSsale information124NNinformation that125IN/thatthat they126PPthey keep127VVkeep secret128JJsecret .129SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]130LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Not131RBnot if132INif the133DTthe government134NNgovernment decides135VVZdecide that136IN/thatthat it137PPit does138VVZdo n't139RBn't want140VVwant to141TOto give142VVgive it143PPit .144SENT. We145PPwe already146RBalready have147VHPhave a148DTa case149NNcase that150WDTthat says151VVZsay ,152,, if153INif the154DTthe government155NNgovernment voluntarily156RBvoluntarily chooses157VVZchoose to158TOto disclose159VVdisclose ,160,, you161PPyou 're162VBPbe stuck163VVNstick ;164:; you165PPyou can166MDcan 't167RB't appeal168NNappeal .169SENT. So170RBso ,171,, here172RBhere ,173,, the174DTthe government175NNgovernment chose176VVDchoose not177RBnot to178TOto appeal179VVappeal .180SENT. It181PPit chose182VVDchoose ,183,, by184INby definition185NNdefinition ,186,, to187TOto turn188VVturn it189PPit over190RPover .191SENT. Why192WRBwhy are193VBPbe n't194RBn't you195PPyou bound196VVDbind by197INby that198DTthat decision199NNdecision ?200SENT? [MR. YOUNG]201LOC[MR. YOUNG] We202PPwe 're203VBPbe not204RBnot bound205VVNbind for206INfor it207PPit because208INbecause the209DTthe intervention210NNintervention that211IN/thatthat we212PPwe successfully213RBsuccessfully moved214VVDmove in215INin the216DTthe District217NPDistrict of218INof South219NPSouth Dakota220NPDakota made221VVDmake us222PPus a223DTa proper224JJproper party225NNparty .226SENT. We227PPwe have228VHPhave an229DTan interest230NNinterest that231WDTthat allowed232VVDallow us233PPus to234TOto intervene235VVintervene .236SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]237LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] But238CCbut the239DTthe ...240:... if241INif you242PPyou had243VHDhave been244VBNbe a245DTa part246NNpart of247INof the248DTthe ...249:... if250INif you251PPyou had252VHDhave been253VBNbe the254DTthe original255JJoriginal asker256NNasker ,257,, we258PPwe have259VHPhave a260DTa case261NNcase that262WDTthat says263VVZsay ...264:... Crystal265NPCrystal City266NPCity ...267:... that268WDTthat if269INif the270DTthe government271NNgovernment chooses272VVZchoose to273TOto turn274VVturn it275PPit over276RPover ,277,, you278PPyou can279MDcan 't280RB't appeal281NNappeal .282SENT. [MR. YOUNG]283LOC[MR. YOUNG] And284CCand the285DTthe government286NNgovernment did287VVDdo not288RBnot make289VVmake that290DTthat choice291NNchoice .292SENT. So293RBso there294EXthere are295VBPbe really296RBreally five297CDfive things298NNSthing .299SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]300LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Well301UHWell ,302,, but303CCbut they304PPthey have305VHPhave n't306RBn't made307VVNmake the308DTthe choice309NNchoice on310INon this311DTthis exemption312NNexemption .313SENT. They314PPthey 've315VHPhave made316VVNmake the317DTthe choice318NNchoice because319INbecause of320INof a321DTa new322JJnew law323NNlaw .324SENT. Is325VBZbe n't326RBn't the327DTthe proper328JJproper course329NNcourse for330INfor them331PPthem to332TOto go333VVgo back334RBback to335TOto the336DTthe district337NNdistrict court338NNcourt with339INwith a340DTa motion341NNmotion for342INfor reconsideration343NNreconsideration or344CCor for345INfor them346PPthem to347TOto petition348VVpetition the349DTthe court350NNcourt or351CCor for352INfor you353PPyou to354TOto go355VVgo to356TOto the357DTthe court358NNcourt or359CCor for360INfor ...361:... or362CCor ...363:... or364CCor for365INfor someone366NNsomeone else367RBelse to368TOto go369VVgo to370TOto the371DTthe court372NNcourt and373CCand say374VVPsay they375PPthey have376VHPhave to377TOto turn378VVturn it379PPit over380RPover ?381SENT? [MR. YOUNG]382LOC[MR. YOUNG] No383NPNo ,384,, Your385PP$your Honor386NPHonor .387SENT. The388DTthe government389NNgovernment in390INin this391DTthis case392NNcase made393VVDmake a394DTa number395NNnumber of396INof steps397NNSstep that398WDTthat make399VVPmake clear400JJclear that401IN/thatthat our402PP$our redressability403NNredressability is404VBZbe not405RBnot only406RBonly likely407JJlikely but408CCbut certain409JJcertain .410SENT. And411CCand let412VVlet me413PPme start414VVstart because415INbecause standing416VVGstand at417INat the418DTthe time419NNtime ...420:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]421LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Well422UHwell ,423,, it424PPit 's425VBZbe not426RBnot certain427JJcertain until428INuntil the429DTthe district430NNdistrict court431NNcourt relieves432VVZrelieve them433PPthem of434INof the435DTthe earlier436JJRearly judgment437NNjudgment ,438,, telling439VVGtell them440PPthem that441IN/thatthat Exemption442NPExemption 3443CD3 did444VVDdo n't445RBn't apply446VVapply .447SENT. [MR. YOUNG]448LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well449UHWell ,450,, that451WDTthat ...452:... that453DTthat premise454NNpremise ,455,, I456PPI think457VVPthink ,458,, is459VBZbe ...460:... is461VBZbe a462DTa mistaken463JJmistaken one464CDone .465SENT. And466CCand if467INif you468PPyou look469VVPlook at470INat pages471NNSpage 30472CD@card@ to473TOto 31474CD@card@ of475INof the476DTthe government477NNgovernment 's478POS's brief479NNbrief ,480,, for481INfor example482NNexample ,483,, they484PPthey make485VVPmake clear486JJclear that487IN/thatthat they488PPthey are489VBPbe not490RBnot pressing491VVGpress an492DTan Exemption493NPExemption 3494CD3 argument495NNargument here496RBhere .497SENT. They498PPthey are499VBPbe not500RBnot requiring501VVGrequire this502DTthis Court503NPCourt or504CCor even505RBeven asking506VVGask this507DTthis Court508NPCourt to509TOto reconsider510VVreconsider the511DTthe Section512NNsection 2018513CD@card@ (514(( c515LSc )516)) argument517NNargument ,518,, on519INon which520WDTwhich the521DTthe Eighth522JJeighth Circu523NPCircu it524PPit 's525VBZbe first526JJfirst judgment527NNjudgment ...528:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]529LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] But530CCbut that531DTthat 's532VBZbe the533DTthe basis534NNbasis for535INfor their536PP$their refusal537NNrefusal to538TOto turn539VVturn it540PPit over541RPover now542RBnow .543SENT. [MR. YOUNG]544LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well545UHWell ,546,, no547UHno ,548,, the549DTthe ...550:... the551DTthe basis552NNbasis for553INfor ...554:... for555INfor their556PP$their refusal557NNrefusal to558TOto turn559VVturn it560PPit over561INover now562RBnow is563VBZbe an564DTan Exemption565NPExemption 4566CD4 basis567NNbasis ,568,, that569IN/thatthat the570DTthe information571NNinformation ...572:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]573LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Well574UHwell ,575,, they576PPthey can577MDcan speak578VVspeak for579INfor themselves580PPthemselves ,581,, but582CCbut I583PPI thought584VVDthink ...585:... [MR. YOUNG]586LOC[MR. YOUNG] Agreed587VVDagree .588SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]589LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...590:... when591WRBwhen they592PPthey chose593VVDchoose not594RBnot to595TOto appeal596VVappeal ,597,, they598PPthey chose599VVDchoose not600RBnot ...601:... they602PPthey chose603VVDchoose to604TOto follow605VVfollow the606DTthe order607NNorder of608INof the609DTthe court610NNcourt to611TOto turn612VVturn it613PPit over614RPover .615SENT. [MR. YOUNG]616LOC[MR. YOUNG] There617EXthere are618VBPbe a619DTa number620NNnumber of621INof things622NNSthing that623WDTthat differentiate624VVPdifferentiate this625DTthis from626INfrom a627DTa situation628NNsituation like629INlike that630DTthat .631SENT. For632INfor example633NNexample ,634,, instead635RBinstead of636INof voluntarily637RBvoluntarily disclosing638VVGdisclose it639PPit ,640,, which641WDTwhich would642MDwould be643VBbe what644WPwhat they645PPthey would646MDwould do647VVdo if648INif they649PPthey decided650VVDdecide to651TOto follow652VVfollow it653PPit ,654,, they655PPthey facilitated656VVDfacilitate our657PP$our intervention658NNintervention by659INby alerting660VVGalert us661PPus to662TOto the663DTthe possibility664NNpossibility of665INof judicial666JJjudicial intervention667NNintervention .668SENT. They669PPthey then670RBthen ,671,, when672WRBwhen we673PPwe did674VVDdo intervene675VVintervene ,676,, told677VVDtell the678DTthe district679NNdistrict court680NNcourt ,681,, they682PPthey told683VVDtell the684DTthe federal685JJfederal court686NNcourt ,687,, as688INas they689PPthey 've690VHPhave told691VVNtell this692DTthis Court693NPCourt ,694,, we695PPwe will696MDwill not697RBnot release698VVrelease that699DTthat information700NNinformation unless701INunless a702DTa final703JJfinal judgment704NNjudgment in705INin the706DTthe judicial707JJjudicial system708NNsystem requires709VVZrequire it710PPit .711SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]712LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Do713VVPdo you714PPyou understand715VVPunderstand the716DTthe government717NNgovernment to718TOto be719VBbe firmly720RBfirmly committed721VVNcommit to722TOto not723RBnot releasing724VVGrelease the725DTthe information726NNinformation unless727INunless required728VVNrequire to729TOto ?730SENT? [MR. YOUNG]731LOC[MR. YOUNG] Yes732NPYes ,733,, that734WDTthat 's735VBZbe what736WPwhat I737PPI understand738VVPunderstand .739SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]740LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] I741PPI noticed742VVDnotice them743PPthem on744INon your745PP$your ...746:... your747PP$your side748NNside of749INof the750DTthe lectern751NNlectern .752SENT. [MR. YOUNG]753LOC[MR. YOUNG] And754CCand I755PPI won756MDwill 't757RB't speak758VVspeak for759INfor them760PPthem ,761,, but762CCbut that763DTthat 's764VBZbe what765WPwhat they766PPthey have767VHPhave represented768VVNrepresent not769RBnot only770RBonly to771TOto the772DTthe district773NNdistrict court774NNcourt but775CCbut to776TOto this777DTthis Court778NPCourt .779SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]780LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Now781RBnow ,782,, of783INof course784NNcourse ,785,, they786PPthey remain787VVPremain free788JJfree to789TOto change790VVchange their791PP$their mind792NNmind .793SENT. [MR. YOUNG]794LOC[MR. YOUNG] And795CCand that796WDTthat would797MDwould be798VBbe a799DTa ...800:... a801DTa ...802:... a803DTa different804JJdifferent situation805NNsituation ,806,, but807CCbut the808DTthe question809NNquestion for810INfor standing811VVGstand at812INat the813DTthe time814NNtime when815WRBwhen we816PPwe invoked817VVDinvoke the818DTthe appellate819JJappellate jurisdiction820NNjurisdiction of821INof the822DTthe federal823JJfederal courts824NNScourt was825VBDbe would826MDwould we827PPwe have828VHhave a829DTa likelihood830NNlikelihood of831INof relief832NNrelief ,833,, and834CCand the835DTthe answer836NNanswer is837VBZbe yes838UHyes .839SENT. And840CCand ,841,, right842RBright now843RBnow ,844,, based845VVNbase on846INon the847DTthe Solicitor848NPSolicitor General849NPGeneral 's850POS's brief851NNbrief ,852,, that853WDTthat was854VBDbe the855DTthe thing856NNthing that857IN/thatthat my858PP$my friend859NNfriend on860INon the861DTthe other862JJother side863NNside invoked864VVNinvoke in865INin his866PP$his brief867NNbrief to868TOto this869DTthis Court870NPCourt .871SENT. That872DTthat would873MDwould be874VBbe a875DTa mootness876NNmootness question877NNquestion .878SENT. And879CCand ,880,, of881INof course882NNcourse ,883,, mootness884NNmootness can885MDcan be886VBbe established887VVNestablish only888RBonly if889INif it890PPit 's891VBZbe impossible892JJimpossible that893IN/thatthat this894DTthis Court895NPCourt 's896POS's reversal897NNreversal would898MDwould give899VVgive us900PPus meaningful901JJmeaningful relief902NNrelief .903SENT. The904DTthe opposite905NNopposite is906VBZbe true907JJtrue .908SENT. If909INif this910DTthis Court911NPCourt reverses912VVZreverse ,913,, the914DTthe only915JJonly thing916NNthing that917WDTthat will918MDwill lead919VVlead to920TOto our921PP$our information922NNinformation certainly923RBcertainly being924VBGbe made925VVNmake public926NNpublic will927MDwill be928VBbe destroyed929VVNdestroy .930SENT. And931CCand that932DTthat 's933VBZbe why934WRBwhy all935PDTall the936DTthe requirements937NNSrequirement of938INof Article939NPArticle III940NPIII standing941NNstanding are942VBPbe met943VVNmeet ...944:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]945LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] But946CCbut it947PPit won948MDwill 't949RB't be950VBbe destroyed951VVNdestroy because952INbecause they953PPthey have954VHPhave a955DTa 2018956CD@card@ (957(( c958LSc )959)) argument960NNargument .961SENT. [MR. YOUNG]962LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well963UHWell ,964,, the965DTthe fact966NNfact ,967,, as968RBas in969INin Milner970NPMilner ,971,, in972INin which973WDTwhich there974EXthere was975VBDbe an976DTan Exemption977NPExemption 7978CD7 argument979NNargument pending980VVGpend ,981,, this982DTthis Court983NPCourt took984VVDtake it985PPit to986TOto decide987VVdecide Exemption988NPExemption 2989CD2 .990SENT. Sure991RBsure ,992,, there993EXthere 's994VBZbe a995DTa 2018996CD@card@ (997(( c998LSc )999)) argument1000NNargument that1001IN/thatthat ,1002,, in1003INin theory1004NNtheory ,1005,, would1006MDwould be1007VBbe pending1008VVGpend if1009INif this1010DTthis Court1011NPCourt were1012VBDbe not1013RBnot persuaded1014VVNpersuade by1015INby anything1016NNanything we1017PPwe say1018VVPsay ,1019,, there1020EXthere 's1021VHZhave been1022VBNbe an1023DTan intervening1024VVGintervene change1025NNchange in1026INin the1027DTthe law1028NNlaw ...1029:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1030LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] If1031INif they1032PPthey 're1033VBPbe wrong1034JJwrong on1035INon 20181036CD@card@ (1037(( c1038LSc )1039)) ,1040,, they1041PPthey have1042VHPhave to1043TOto comply1044VVcomply with1045INwith the1046DTthe extant1047JJextant judgment1048NNjudgment under1049INunder Exemption1050NPExemption 41051CD4 ?1052SENT? [MR. YOUNG]1053LOC[MR. YOUNG] No1054NPNo ,1055,, I1056PPI ...1057:... I1058PPI disagree1059VVPdisagree ,1060,, and1061CCand I1062PPI will1063MDwill allow1064VVallow my1065PP$my friend1066NNfriend from1067INfrom the1068DTthe government1069NNgovernment to1070TOto explain1071VVexplain their1072PP$their position1073NNposition .1074SENT. But1075CCbut they1076PPthey 're1077VBPbe making1078VVGmake an1079DTan Exemption1080NPExemption 41081CD4 argument1082NNargument based1083VVNbase on1084INon the1085DTthe ...1086:... the1087DTthe ...1088:... what1089WPwhat they1090PPthey say1091VVPsay in1092INin part1093NNpart B1094NNB .1095SENT. 21096CD2 of1097INof their1098PP$their brief1099NNbrief .1100SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1101LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] They1102PPthey 're1103VBPbe trying1104VVGtry to1105TOto piggyback1106NNpiggyback their1107PP$their appeal1108NNappeal on1109INon you1110PPyou .1111SENT. [MR. YOUNG]1112LOC[MR. YOUNG] No1113NPNo ,1114,, I1115PPI ...1116:... I1117PPI disagree1118VVPdisagree with1119INwith that1120IN/thatthat as1121RBas well1122RBwell ,1123,, Justice1124NPJustice Sotomayor1125NPSotomayor .1126SENT. I1127PPI think1128VVPthink what1129WPwhat the1130DTthe government1131NNgovernment is1132VBZbe saying1133VVGsay is1134VBZbe we1135PPwe 've1136VHPhave had1137VHNhave four1138CDfour decades1139NNSdecade of1140INof the1141DTthe highest1142JJShigh level1143NNlevel promise1144NNpromise of1145INof confidentiality1146NNconfidentiality that1147IN/thatthat the1148DTthe government1149NNgovernment can1150MDcan make1151VVmake to1152TOto its1153PP$its citizens1154NNScitizen ,1155,, and1156CCand that1157WDTthat is1158VBZbe that1159IN/thatthat this1160DTthis kind1161NNkind of1162INof confidential1163JJconfidential information1164NNinformation ,1165,, we1166PPwe will1167MDwill protect1168VVprotect the1169DTthe confidentiality1170NNconfidentiality of1171INof it1172PPit .1173SENT. And1174CCand for1175INfor that1176DTthat reason1177NNreason ,1178,, even1179RBeven if1180INif the1181DTthe motivation1182NNmotivation that1183IN/thatthat they1184PPthey had1185VHDhave back1186RBback in1187INin 19791188CD@card@ for1189INfor starting1190VVGstart down1191RPdown that1192DTthat process1193NNprocess turns1194VVZturn out1195RPout to1196TOto be1197VBbe wrong1198JJwrong ,1199,, nonetheless1200RBnonetheless ,1201,, the1202DTthe promise1203NNpromise of1204INof confidentiality1205NNconfidentiality ,1206,, which1207WDTwhich Exemption1208NPExemption 41209CD4 and1210CCand not1211RBnot Exemption1212NPExemption 31213CD3 protects1214VVZprotect ,1215,, remains1216VVZremain .1217SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1218LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Mr1219NPMr .1220SENT. Young1221NPYoung ...1222:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1223LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But1224CCbut was1225VBDbe n't1226RBn't the1227DTthe whole1228JJwhole purpose1229NNpurpose of1230INof ...1231:... FOIA1232NPFOIA says1233VVZsay disclose1234VVdisclose ,1235,, and1236CCand one1237CDone of1238INof the1239DTthe concerns1240NNSconcern was1241VBDbe the1242DTthe government1243NNgovernment official1244NNofficial ,1245,, for1246INfor one1247CDone reason1248NNreason or1249CCor another1250DTanother ,1251,, does1252VVZdo n't1253RBn't want1254VVwant to1255TOto disclose1256VVdisclose .1257SENT. There1258EXthere have1259VHPhave been1260VBNbe cases1261NNScase of1262INof a1263DTa captive1264JJcaptive agency1265NNagency ,1266,, for1267INfor example1268NNexample .1269SENT. So1270RBso ,1271,, to1272TOto ...1273:... to1274TOto say1275VVsay the1276DTthe government1277NNgovernment can1278MDcan control1279VVcontrol this1280DTthis by1281INby making1282VVGmake a1283DTa promise1284NNpromise that1285IN/thatthat it1286PPit won1287MDwill 't1288RB't disclose1289VVdisclose ,1290,, that1291WDTthat seems1292VVZseem to1293TOto run1294VVrun counter1295VVcounter to1296TOto the1297DTthe whole1298JJwhole idea1299NNidea of1300INof FOIA1301NPFOIA .1302SENT. [MR. YOUNG]1303LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well1304UHwell ,1305,, it1306PPit would1307MDwould perhaps1308RBperhaps run1309VVrun counter1310NNcounter to1311TOto the1312DTthe idea1313NNidea of1314INof FOIA1315NPFOIA if1316INif it1317PPit were1318VBDbe the1319DTthe kind1320NNkind of1321INof information1322NNinformation that1323WDTthat were1324VBDbe ...1325:... was1326VBDbe about1327RBabout the1328DTthe government1329NNgovernment 's1330POS's own1331JJown doings1332NNSdoing or1333CCor even1334RBeven ,1335,, conceivably1336RBconceivably ,1337,, something1338NNsomething that1339WDTthat 's1340VBZbe not1341RBnot presented1342VVNpresent here1343RBhere ,1344,, if1345INif there1346EXthere were1347VBDbe willy-nilly1348RBwilly-nilly ad1349NNad hoc1350FWhoc promises1351NNSpromise of1352INof confidentiality1353NNconfidentiality in1354INin which1355WDTwhich low-level1356JJlow-level employees1357NNSemployee could1358MDcould wave1359VVwave a1360DTa wand1361NNwand and1362CCand say1363VVPsay confidential1364JJconfidential ,1365,, confidential1366JJconfidential ,1367,, but1368CCbut I1369PPI think1370VVPthink that1371IN/thatthat what1372WPwhat this1373DTthis Court1374NPCourt has1375VHZhave repeatedly1376RBrepeatedly said1377VVNsay ...1378:... I1379PPI 'll1380MDwill mention1381VVmention the1382DTthe Department1383NPDepartment of1384INof Justice1385NPJustice versus1386CCversus the1387DTthe Reporters1388NNSreporter Committee1389NPCommittee case1390NNcase ,1391,, where1392WRBwhere the1393DTthe Court1394NPCourt says1395VVZsay :1396:: "1397``" Yes1398UHyes ,1399,, FOIA1400NPFOIA 's1401POS's basic1402JJbasic policy1403NNpolicy focuses1404VVZfocus on1405INon the1406DTthe citizens1407NNScitizen '1408POS' right1409NNright to1410TOto be1411VBbe informed1412VVNinform about1413INabout what1414WPwhat their1415PP$their government1416NNgovernment is1417VBZbe up1418RBup to1419TOto .1420SENT. "1421``" That1422DTthat 's1423VBZbe a1424DTa direct1425JJdirect quote1426NNquote .1427SENT. But1428CCbut then1429RBthen the1430DTthe Court1431NPCourt immediately1432RBimmediately says1433VVZsay that1434DTthat purpose1435NNpurpose ,1436,, however1437RBhowever ,1438,, is1439VBZbe not1440RBnot fostered1441VVNfoster by1442INby disclosure1443NNdisclosure of1444INof information1445NNinformation about1446INabout private1447JJprivate citizens1448NNScitizen that1449WDTthat has1450VHZhave accumulated1451VVNaccumulate in1452INin various1453JJvarious governmental1454JJgovernmental files1455NNSfile but1456CCbut that1457WDTthat reveals1458VVZreveal little1459JJlittle or1460CCor nothing1461NNnothing about1462INabout an1463DTan agency1464NNagency 's1465POS's own1466JJown conduct1467NNconduct .1468SENT. And1469CCand so1470RBso ,1471,, here1472RBhere ,1473,, what1474WPwhat we1475PPwe see1476VVPsee is1477VBZbe a1478DTa choice1479NNchoice .1480SENT. When1481WRBwhen a1482DTa SNAP1483JJsnap beneficiary1484NNbeneficiary receives1485VVZreceive an1486DTan allocation1487NNallocation from1488INfrom the1489DTthe government1490NNgovernment ,1491,, their1492PP$their choice1493NNchoice to1494TOto shop1495VVshop at1496INat this1497DTthis grocery1498NNgrocery store1499NNstore rather1500RBrather than1501INthan one1502CDone across1503INacross the1504DTthe street1505NNstreet is1506VBZbe in1507INin no1508DTno sense1509NNsense government1510NNgovernment action1511NNaction .1512SENT. It1513PPit is1514VBZbe the1515DTthe unmediated1516JJunmediated decision1517NNdecision of1518INof third1519JJthird parties1520NNSparty .1521SENT. It1522PPit tells1523VVZtell you1524PPyou ,1525,, in1526INin other1527JJother words1528NNSword ,1529,, an1530DTan awful1531JJawful lot1532NNlot about1533INabout Mrs1534NNMrs .1535SENT. Smith1536NPSmith or1537CCor Mr1538NPMr .1539SENT. Jones1540NPJones and1541CCand their1542PP$their choices1543NNSchoice ,1544,, and1545CCand it1546PPit tells1547VVZtell you1548PPyou a1549DTa lot1550NNlot about1551INabout how1552WRBhow those1553DTthose two1554CDtwo grocery1555NNgrocery stores1556NNSstore market1557NNmarket and1558CCand ...1559:... and1560CCand ...1561:... and1562CCand sell1563VVsell and1564CCand what1565WPwhat their1566PP$their selection1567NNselection might1568MDmight be1569VBbe .1570SENT. [JUSTICE BREYER]1571LOC[JUSTICE BREYER] I1572PPI do1573VVPdo n't1574RBn't doubt1575VVdoubt that1576IN/thatthat you1577PPyou 're1578VBPbe heard1579VVNhear .1580SENT. I1581PPI ...1582:... I1583PPI ...1584:... I1585PPI ...1586:... I1587PPI do1588VVPdo ...1589:... I1590PPI can1591MDcan 't1592RB't quite1593RBquite figure1594VVfigure out1595RPout how1596WRBhow this1597DTthis mootness1598NNmootness thing1599NNthing works1600NNSwork .1601SENT. It1602PPit seems1603VVZseem to1604TOto me1605PPme there1606EXthere are1607VBPbe two1608CDtwo laws1609NNSlaw ,1610,, A1611NPA and1612CCand B1613NPB .1614SENT. All1615DTall right1616NNright ?1617SENT? A1618DTa is1619VBZbe the1620DTthe ...1621:... the1622DTthe one1623CDone you1624PPyou 're1625VBPbe interested1626JJinterested in1627INin ,1628,, and1629CCand B1630NPB is1631VBZbe this1632DTthis other1633JJother one1634CDone that1635WDTthat stops1636VVZstop them1637PPthem from1638INfrom ...1639:... maybe1640RBmaybe ...1641:... from1642INfrom giving1643VVGgive out1644RPout information1645NNinformation .1646SENT. Now1647RBnow ,1648,, here1649RBhere ,1650,, you1651PPyou 're1652VBPbe attacking1653VVGattack A1654DTa ,1655,, so1656RBso I1657PPI 'm1658VBPbe asking1659VVGask ,1660,, does1661VVZdo A1662DTa cause1663VVcause you1664PPyou injury1665NNinjury ?1666SENT? Not1667RBnot does1668VVZdo B1669NPB cause1670VVcause you1671PPyou injury1672NNinjury .1673SENT. Now1674RBnow ,1675,, if1676INif B1677NPB stops1678VVZstop them1679PPthem from1680INfrom giving1681VVGgive out1682RPout the1683DTthe information1684NNinformation ,1685,, if1686INif you1687PPyou win1688VVPwin on1689INon A1690DTa ,1691,, you1692PPyou do1693VVPdo n't1694RBn't get1695VVget it1696PPit .1697SENT. If1698INif you1699PPyou lose1700VVPlose on1701INon A1702DTa ,1703,, you1704PPyou do1705VVPdo n't1706RBn't get1707VVget it1708PPit .1709SENT. If1710INif B1711NPB does1712VVZdo n't1713RBn't stop1714VVstop them1715PPthem from1716INfrom giving1717VVGgive out1718RPout information1719NNinformation ,1720,, if1721INif you1722PPyou win1723VVPwin on1724INon A1725DTa ,1726,, you1727PPyou get1728VVPget it1729PPit .1730SENT. If1731INif you1732PPyou do1733VVPdo n't1734RBn't ...1735:... see1736VVsee ,1737,, it1738PPit works1739VVZwork ...1740:... the1741DTthe ...1742:... the1743DTthe ...1744:... the1745DTthe result1746NNresult is1747VBZbe the1748DTthe same1749JJsame no1750DTno matter1751NNmatter how1752WRBhow we1753PPwe decide1754VVPdecide your1755PP$your case1756NNcase .1757SENT. We1758PPwe just1759RBjust do1760VVPdo n't1761RBn't know1762VVknow about1763INabout B1764NPB .1765SENT. Now1766RBnow have1767VHPhave I1768PPI got1769VVDget that1770DTthat right1771NNright ?1772SENT? And1773CCand if1774INif I1775PPI ...1776:... if1777INif I1778PPI 've1779VHPhave got1780VVNget that1781IN/thatthat right1782RBright ,1783,, I1784PPI ...1785:... I1786PPI do1787VVPdo n't1788RBn't know1789VVknow a1790DTa standing1791NNstanding case1792NNcase right1793NNright in1794INin point1795NNpoint or1796CCor a1797DTa mootness1798NNmootness case1799NNcase right1800NNright in1801INin point1802NNpoint .1803SENT. I1804PPI 'm1805VBPbe not1806RBnot sure1807JJsure what1808WPwhat to1809TOto do1810VVdo .1811SENT. [MR. YOUNG]1812LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well1813UHwell ...1814:... well1815RBwell ,1816,, if1817INif I1818PPI 'm1819VBPbe understanding1820VVGunderstand you1821PPyou ,1822,, Justice1823NPJustice Breyer1824NPBreyer ,1825,, I1826PPI ...1827:... I1828PPI do1829VVPdo n't1830RBn't think1831VVthink it1832PPit raises1833VVZraise either1834RBeither one1835CDone of1836INof those1837DTthose justiciability1838NNjusticiability questions1839NNSquestion because1840INbecause the1841DTthe Court1842NPCourt can1843MDcan have1844VHhave in1845INin reserve1846JJreserve many1847JJmany grounds1848NNSground that1849IN/thatthat the1850DTthe lower1851JJRlow courts1852NNScourt ,1853,, for1854INfor example1855NNexample ,1856,, may1857MDmay not1858RBnot have1859VHhave addressed1860VVNaddress .1861SENT. In1862INin Milner1863NPMilner ,1864,, I1865PPI mentioned1866VVDmention Exemption1867NPExemption 71868CD7 was1869VBDbe still1870RBstill there1871RBthere .1872SENT. Now1873RBnow ,1874,, if1875INif Exemption1876NPExemption 71877CD7 was1878VBDbe well1879RBwell taken1880VVNtake ,1881,, Exemption1882NPExemption 21883CD2 would1884MDwould n't1885RBn't have1886VHhave been1887VBNbe necessary1888JJnecessary .1889SENT. The1890DTthe Court1891NPCourt granted1892VVDgrant in1893INin Milner1894NPMilner to1895TOto resolve1896VVresolve what1897WPwhat Exemption1898NPExemption 21899CD2 meant1900VVDmean ,1901,, and1902CCand it1903PPit granted1904VVDgrant in1905INin this1906DTthis case1907NNcase to1908TOto resolve1909VVresolve what1910WPwhat Exemption1911NNexemption 41912CD4 means1913NNSmean .1914SENT. And1915CCand if1916INif you1917PPyou do1918VVPdo it1919PPit and1920CCand you1921PPyou reverse1922RBreverse ...1923:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1924LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] The1925DTthe problem1926NNproblem with1927INwith that1928DTthat in1929INin Milner1930NPMilner is1931VBZbe ...1932:... and1933CCand the1934DTthe big1935JJbig difference1936NNdifference is1937VBZbe that1938IN/thatthat the1939DTthe government1940NNgovernment chose1941VVDchoose not1942RBnot to1943TOto appeal1944VVappeal the1945DTthe ruling1946NNruling on1947INon Exemption1948NPExemption 41949CD4 ,1950,, so1951RBso it1952PPit acceded1953VVDaccede to1954TOto turning1955VVGturn it1956PPit over1957RPover under1958INunder that1959DTthat exemption1960NNexemption .1961SENT. And1962CCand under1963INunder Crystal1964NPCrystal City1965NPCity ,1966,, we1967PPwe said1968VVDsay they1969PPthey ...1970:... you1971PPyou ...1972:... they1973PPthey or1974CCor you1975PPyou can1976MDcan 't1977RB't appeal1978NNappeal that1979RBthat .1980SENT. And1981CCand you1982PPyou admit1983VVPadmit if1984INif that1985WDTthat was1986VBDbe all1987RBall of1988INof it1989PPit and1990CCand they1991PPthey had1992VHDhave chosen1993VVNchoose to1994TOto turn1995VVturn it1996PPit over1997RPover ,1998,, you1999PPyou would2000MDwould get2001VVget it2002PPit .2003SENT. So2004RBso now2005RBnow the2006DTthe question2007NNquestion is2008VBZbe can2009MDcan they2010PPthey ...2011:... and2012CCand they2013PPthey and2014CCand you2015PPyou do2016VVPdo an2017DTan end-run2018NNend-run around2019INaround Crystal2020NPCrystal City2021NPCity by2022INby simply2023RBsimply saying2024VVGsay ,2025,, no2026UHno ,2027,, we2028PPwe 're2029VBPbe really2030RBreally not2031RBnot going2032VVGgo to2033TOto turn2034VVturn it2035PPit over2036RPover because2037INbecause of2038INof something2039NNsomething else2040RBelse ,2041,, but2042CCbut we2043PPwe really2044RBreally did2045VVDdo n't2046RBn't want2047VVwant to2048TOto challenge2049VVchallenge Exemption2050NPExemption 42051CD4 at2052INat all2053DTall and2054CCand we2055PPwe were2056VBDbe going2057VVGgo to2058TOto turn2059VVturn it2060PPit over2061RPover because2062INbecause we2063PPwe did2064VVDdo n't2065RBn't really2066RBreally think2067VVthink the2068DTthe pricing2069NNpricing information2070NNinformation was2071VBDbe confidential2072JJconfidential back2073RBback then2074RBthen .2075SENT. But2076CCbut now2077RBnow we2078PPwe think2079VVPthink we2080PPwe 're2081VBPbe going2082VVGgo to2083TOto change2084VVchange our2085PP$our mind2086NNmind ...2087:... this2088DTthis is2089VBZbe how2090WRBhow I2091PPI 'm2092VBPbe reading2093VVGread the2094DTthe argument2095NNargument ...2096:... and2097CCand so2098RBso we2099PPwe 're2100VBPbe going2101VVGgo to2102TOto piggyback2103NNpiggyback on2104INon a2105DTa private2106JJprivate entity2107NNentity raising2108VVGraise an2109DTan issue2110NNissue that2111IN/thatthat we2112PPwe should2113MDshould have2114VHhave appealed2115VVNappeal on2116RPon .2117SENT. [MR. YOUNG]2118LOC[MR. YOUNG] Justice2119NPJustice Sotomayor2120NPSotomayor ,2121,, I2122PPI do2123VVPdo n't2124RBn't believe2125VVbelieve the2126DTthe government2127NNgovernment 's2128VBZbe piggybacking2129VVGpiggyback at2130INat all2131DTall .2132SENT. They2133PPthey 're2134VBPbe here2135RBhere as2136INas an2137DTan amicus2138NNamicus .2139SENT. And2140CCand it2141PPit is2142VBZbe we2143PPwe ,2144,, the2145DTthe Food2146NPFood Marketing2147NPMarketing Institute2148NPInstitute ...2149:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2150LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] But2151CCbut why2152NNwhy ...2153:... why2154WRBwhy can2155MDcan you2156PPyou ,2157,, without2158INwithout getting2159VVGget stuck2160VVNstick in2161INin Crystal2162NPCrystal City2163NPCity ?2164SENT? [MR. YOUNG]2165LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well2166UHWell ,2167,, because2168RBbecause ...2169:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2170LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Just2171RBjust because2172INbecause they2173PPthey 've2174VHPhave said2175VVNsay I2176PPI won2177MDwill 't2178RB't turn2179VVturn it2180PPit over2181RPover ,2182,, but2183CCbut they2184PPthey 're2185VBPbe bound2186VVNbind to2187TOto turn2188VVturn it2189PPit over2190RPover right2191RBright now2192RBnow by2193INby a2194DTa judgment2195NNjudgment below2196RBbelow ,2197,, and2198CCand they2199PPthey have2200VHPhave n't2201RBn't asked2202VVNask the2203DTthe court2204NNcourt below2205RBbelow to2206TOto reconsider2207VVreconsider that2208DTthat judgment2209NNjudgment .2210SENT. [MR. YOUNG]2211LOC[MR. YOUNG] I2212PPI ...2213:... I2214PPI ...2215:... I2216PPI think2217VVPthink it2218PPit 's2219VBZbe as2220RBas simple2221JJsimple as2222RBas ...2223:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2224LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] They2225PPthey raised2226VVDraise Exemption2227NPExemption 32228CD3 .2229SENT. They2230PPthey lost2231VVDlose .2232SENT. A2233DTa change2234NNchange of2235INof law2236NNlaw has2237VHZhave happened2238VVNhappen .2239SENT. They2240PPthey should2241MDshould have2242VHhave moved2243VVNmove for2244INfor reconsideration2245NNreconsideration ,2246,, and2247CCand they2248PPthey did2249VVDdo n't2250RBn't .2251SENT. So2252RBso why2253WRBwhy are2254VBPbe n't2255RBn't they2256PPthey stuck2257VVDstick ?2258SENT? [MR. YOUNG]2259LOC[MR. YOUNG] Because2260INbecause we2261PPwe intervened2262VVDintervene ,2263,, and2264CCand the2265DTthe opportunity2266NNopportunity to2267TOto conclude2268VVconclude that2269IN/thatthat we2270PPwe are2271VBPbe not2272RBnot a2273DTa proper2274JJproper party2275NNparty to2276TOto be2277VBbe able2278JJable to2279TOto make2280VVmake any2281DTany of2282INof these2283DTthese merits2284NNSmerit inquiries2285NNSinquiry has2286VHZhave long2287RBlong since2288RBsince passed2289VVNpass .2290SENT. [JUSTICE KAGAN]2291LOC[JUSTICE KAGAN] Mr2292NPMr .2293SENT. Young2294NPYoung ,2295,, may2296MDmay I2297PPI ask2298VVask you2299PPyou a2300DTa question2301NNquestion about2302INabout your2303PP$your substantive2304JJsubstantive standard2305NNstandard ?2306SENT? You2307PPyou at2308INat some2309DTsome points2310NNSpoint in2311INin your2312PP$your brief2313NNbrief say2314VVPsay that2315IN/thatthat the2316DTthe question2317NNquestion is2318VBZbe simply2319RBsimply whether2320INwhether the2321DTthe information2322NNinformation is2323VBZbe private2324JJprivate ,2325,, private2326JJprivate being2327VBGbe a2328DTa synonym2329NNsynonym for2330INfor confidential2331JJconfidential .2332SENT. At2333INat other2334JJother points2335NNSpoint in2336INin your2337PP$your brief2338NNbrief ,2339,, you2340PPyou talk2341VVPtalk about2342RBabout whether2343INwhether the2344DTthe information2345NNinformation is2346VBZbe kept2347VVNkeep private2348JJprivate .2349SENT. To2350TOTo me2351PPme ,2352,, those2353DTthose two2354CDtwo things2355NNSthing are2356VBPbe a2357DTa little2358JJlittle bit2359NNbit different2360JJdifferent ,2361,, that2362IN/thatthat the2363DTthe idea2364NNidea of2365INof keeping2366VVGkeep something2367NNsomething private2368JJprivate is2369VBZbe not2370RBnot just2371RBjust that2372IN/thatthat the2373DTthe information2374NNinformation is2375VBZbe n't2376RBn't out2377RBout there2378RBthere in2379INin the2380DTthe world2381NNworld but2382CCbut that2383IN/thatthat you2384PPyou 're2385VBPbe doing2386VVGdo something2387NNsomething to2388TOto make2389VVmake sure2390JJsure that2391IN/thatthat the2392DTthe information2393NNinformation does2394VVZdo n't2395RBn't get2396VVget out2397RPout there2398RBthere in2399INin the2400DTthe world2401NNworld .2402SENT. So2403CCso which2404WDTwhich do2405VVPdo you2406PPyou think2407VVPthink is2408VBZbe the2409DTthe right2410JJright approach2411NNapproach in2412INin this2413DTthis case2414NNcase ?2415SENT? [MR. YOUNG]2416LOC[MR. YOUNG] I'll2417NPI'll ...2418:... I2419PPI 'll2420MDwill readily2421RBreadily agree2422VVagree with2423INwith the2424DTthe latter2425NNlatter .2426SENT. Our2427PP$our ...2428:... our2429PP$our argument2430NNargument is2431VBZbe not2432RBnot that2433IN/thatthat simply2434RBsimply marking2435VVGmark something2436NNsomething or2437CCor stamping2438VVGstamp it2439PPit confidential2440JJconfidential does2441VVZdo the2442DTthe trick2443NNtrick .2444SENT. We2445PPwe 've2446VHPhave had2447VHNhave 272448CD@card@ years2449NNSyear with2450INwith the2451DTthe D2452NPD .2453SENT. C2454LSc .2455SENT. Circu2456NPCircu it2457PPit 's2458VBZbe critical2459JJcritical mass2460NNmass case2461NNcase ,2462,, which2463WDTwhich essentially2464RBessentially adopts2465VVZadopt the2466DTthe position2467NNposition that2468IN/thatthat we2469PPwe think2470VVPthink correctly2471RBcorrectly defines2472VVZdefine the2473DTthe entirety2474NNentirety of2475INof Exemption2476NPExemption 42477CD4 .2478SENT. And2479CCand in2480INin critical2481JJcritical mass2482NNmass cases2483NNScase ,2484,, when2485WRBwhen a2486DTa party2487NNparty wants2488VVZwant the2489DTthe release2490NNrelease of2491INof some2492DTsome information2493NNinformation that2494IN/thatthat a2495DTa party2496NNparty like2497INlike us2498PPus might2499MDmight say2500VVsay that2501DTthat 's2502VBZbe our2503PP$our confidential2504JJconfidential commercial2505JJcommercial information2506NNinformation ,2507,, more2508JJRmore is2509VBZbe required2510VVNrequire and2511CCand you2512PPyou can2513MDcan be2514VBbe held2515VVNhold to2516TOto fail2517VVfail your2518PP$your Exemption2519NPExemption 42520CD4 argument2521NNargument if2522INif you2523PPyou do2524VVPdo n't2525RBn't illustrate2526VVillustrate how2527WRBhow you2528PPyou protect2529VVPprotect the2530DTthe information2531NNinformation .2532SENT. So2533RBso ,2534,, for2535INfor example2536NNexample ,2537,, what2538WPwhat is2539VBZbe relevant2540JJrelevant and2541CCand what2542WPwhat was2543VBDbe asked2544VVNask even2545RBeven in2546INin this2547DTthis very2548JJvery case2549NNcase ,2550,, in2551RBin ...2552:... in2553INin which2554WDTwhich these2555DTthese questions2556NNSquestion were2557VBDbe presented2558VVNpresent to2559TOto the2560DTthe trial2561NNtrial court2562NNcourt ,2563,, do2564VVPdo you2565PPyou bind2566VVbind it2567PPit with2568INwith nondisclosure2569NNnondisclosure agreements2570NNSagreement ?2571SENT? Do2572VVdo you2573PPyou have2574VHPhave security2575NNsecurity in2576INin place2577NNplace so2578INso that2579WDTthat it2580PPit limits2581VVZlimit the2582DTthe number2583NNnumber of2584INof people2585NNSpeople even2586RBeven internally2587RBinternally who2588WPwho have2589VHPhave access2590NNaccess to2591TOto it2592PPit ?2593SENT? How2594WRBHow do2595VVPdo you2596PPyou make2597VVPmake sure2598RBsure that2599IN/thatthat it2600PPit is2601VBZbe not2602RBnot supplied2603VVNsupply accidentally2604RBaccidentally in2605INin litigation2606NNlitigation ,2607,, for2608INfor example2609NNexample ?2610SENT? How2611WRBHow ,2612,, in2613INin other2614JJother words2615NNSword ,2616,, do2617VVPdo you2618PPyou make2619VVPmake sure2620RBsure that2621IN/thatthat it2622PPit does2623VVZdo n't2624RBn't become2625VVbecome public2626JJpublic ?2627SENT? Have2628VHPhave you2629PPyou made2630VVNmake sure2631RBsure that2632IN/thatthat comparable2633JJcomparable information2634NNinformation has2635VHZhave not2636RBnot been2637VBNbe made2638VVNmake public2639JJpublic in2640INin other2641JJother forums2642NNSforum ?2643SENT? And2644CCand so2645RBso there2646EXthere are2647VBPbe critical2648JJcritical mass2649JJmass cases2650NNScase ,2651,, decisions2652NNSdecision from2653INfrom the2654DTthe D2655NPD .2656SENT. C2657LSc .2658SENT. Circuit2659NNcircuit courts2660NNScourt and2661CCand from2662INfrom the2663DTthe Tenth2664JJtenth Circuit2665NNcircuit courts2666NNScourt that2667WDTthat apply2668VVPapply that2669IN/thatthat ,2670,, that2671WDTthat look2672VVPlook to2673TOto those2674DTthose exact2675JJexact types2676NNStype of2677INof questions2678NNSquestion and2679CCand say2680VVPsay :2681:: Well2682UHWell ,2683,, we2684PPwe can2685MDcan find2686VVfind something2687NNsomething rather2688RBrather like2689INlike this2690DTthis in2691INin publicly2692RBpublicly available2693JJavailable information2694NNinformation already2695RBalready .2696SENT. Your2697PP$your Exemption2698NPExemption 42699CD4 argument2700NNargument is2701VBZbe gone2702VVNgo .2703SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2704LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] So2705RBso how2706WRBhow does2707VVZdo that2708DTthat dovetail2709NNdovetail with2710INwith the2711DTthe SG2712NPSG 's2713POS's position2714NNposition that2715IN/thatthat if2716INif they2717PPthey ask2718VVPask you2719PPyou to2720TOto turn2721VVturn over2722INover something2723NNsomething confidentially2724RBconfidentially ...2725:... and2726CCand you2727PPyou seemed2728VVDseem to2729TOto be2730VBbe arguing2731VVGargue that2732IN/thatthat earlier2733RBRearlier ...2734:... that2735IN/thatthat that2736DTthat 's2737VBZbe enough2738RBenough ,2739,, that2740IN/thatthat that2741WDTthat makes2742VVZmake it2743PPit confidential2744JJconfidential ?2745SENT? Because2746INbecause you2747PPyou 've2748VHPhave just2749RBjust said2750VVNsay to2751TOto me2752PPme something2753NNsomething quite2754RBquite different2755JJdifferent ,2756,, which2757WDTwhich is2758VBZbe it2759PPit 's2760VBZbe not2761RBnot the2762DTthe government2763NNgovernment 's2764POS's request2765NNrequest or2766CCor promise2767NNpromise to2768TOto keep2769VVkeep it2770PPit confidential2771JJconfidential ,2772,, but2773CCbut is2774VBZbe it2775PPit ,2776,, in2777INin fact2778NNfact ,2779,, kept2780VVNkeep in2781INin confidence2782NNconfidence the2783DTthe way2784NNway you2785PPyou 've2786VHPhave defined2787VVNdefine it2788PPit ?2789SENT? So2790RBso how2791WRBhow do2792VVPdo you2793PPyou dovetail2794VVdovetail the2795DTthe two2796CDtwo ?2797SENT? [MR. YOUNG]2798LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well2799UHwell ,2800,, I2801PPI would2802MDwould say2803VVsay that2804IN/thatthat even2805RBeven if2806INif the2807DTthe government2808NNgovernment gives2809VVZgive us2810PPus a2811DTa promise2812NNpromise of2813INof confidentiality2814NNconfidentiality ,2815,, that2816WDTthat fits2817VVZfit within2818INwithin the2819DTthe definition2820NNdefinition of2821INof what2822WPwhat confidential2823JJconfidential is2824VBZbe ,2825,, we2826PPwe now2827RBnow have2828VHPhave given2829VVNgive something2830NNsomething to2831TOto the2832DTthe government2833NNgovernment in2834INin confidence2835NNconfidence ,2836,, if2837INif we2838PPwe ,2839,, nonetheless2840RBnonetheless ,2841,, publish2842VVpublish it2843PPit ,2844,, if2845INif we2846PPwe 're2847VBPbe sloppy2848JJsloppy with2849INwith it2850PPit ,2851,, if2852INif we2853PPwe release2854VVPrelease it2855PPit in2856INin some2857DTsome other2858JJother way2859NNway ,2860,, then2861RBthen we2862PPwe have2863VHPhave breached2864VVNbreach the2865DTthe confidentiality2866NNconfidentiality ourselves2867PPourselves .2868SENT. And2869CCand I2870PPI would2871MDwould argue2872VVargue that2873DTthat someone2874NNsomeone like2875INlike that2876WDTthat is2877VBZbe no2878RBno longer2879RBRlonger protected2880VVNprotect by2881INby ...2882:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]2883LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] How2884WRBHow about2885INabout the2886DTthe ...2887:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2888LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] So2889INso the2890DTthe government2891NNgovernment 's2892POS's overlay2893NNoverlay is2894VBZbe really2895RBreally not2896RBnot necessary2897JJnecessary to2898TOto this2899DTthis case2900NNcase ?2901SENT? [MR. YOUNG]2902LOC[MR. YOUNG] It2903PPit 's2904VBZbe a2905DTa manifestation2906NNmanifestation of2907INof what2908WPwhat confidential2909JJconfidential is2910VBZbe .2911SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2912LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Man2913NNman ...2914:... but2915CCbut only2916RBonly a2917DTa point2918NNpoint of2919INof evidence2920NNevidence ,2921,, not2922RBnot a2923DTa point2924NNpoint that2925WDTthat binds2926VVZbind ?2927SENT? [MR. YOUNG]2928LOC[MR. YOUNG] I2929PPI ...2930:... I2931PPI guess2932VVPguess .2933SENT. I2934PPI 'm2935VBPbe not2936RBnot sure2937JJsure what2938WPwhat a2939DTa point2940NNpoint of2941INof evidence2942NNevidence means2943NNSmean .2944SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2945LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Meaning2946NNmeaning ,2947,, you2948PPyou say2949VVPsay a2950DTa manifestation2951NNmanifestation ,2952,, that2953IN/thatthat a2954DTa district2955NNdistrict court2956NNcourt judge2957NNjudge could2958MDcould look2959VVlook at2960INat that2961IN/thatthat as2962RBas among2963INamong many2964JJmany factors2965NNSfactor .2966SENT. [MR. YOUNG]2967LOC[MR. YOUNG] Yes2968NPYes ,2969,, I2970PPI ...2971:... I2972PPI would2973MDwould say2974VVsay that2975IN/thatthat if2976INif the2977DTthe government2978NNgovernment in2979INin a2980DTa proper2981JJproper form2982NNform ,2983,, if2984INif the2985DTthe government2986NNgovernment binds2987VVZbind itself2988PPitself here2989RBhere through2990INthrough notice-and-comment2991NNnotice-and-comment rulemaking2992VVGrulemak ...2993:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2994LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] If2995INif you2996PPyou ...2997:... if2998INif you2999PPyou leave3000VVPleave ...3001:... if3002INif you3003PPyou give3004VVPgive this3005DTthis information3006NNinformation to3007TOto your3008PP$your employees3009NNSemployee ,3010,, there3011EXthere 's3012VBZbe no3013DTno promise3014NNpromise of3015INof secrecy3016NNsecrecy and3017CCand ...3018:... [MR. YOUNG]3019LOC[MR. YOUNG] Well3020UHWell ,3021,, Landano3022NPLandano defined3023VVNdefine what3024WPwhat confidential3025JJconfidential meant3026VVNmean also3027RBalso ,3028,, and3029CCand it3030PPit recognized3031VVDrecognize that3032DTthat confidential3033JJconfidential does3034VVZdo not3035RBnot mean3036VVmean that3037DTthat nobody3038NNnobody knows3039VVZknow it3040PPit .3041SENT. It3042PPit means3043VVZmean that3044IN/thatthat you3045PPyou have3046VHPhave to3047TOto keep3048VVkeep it3049PPit within3050INwithin a3051DTa limited3052JJlimited universe3053NNuniverse .3054SENT. Mr3055NPMr .3056SENT. Chief3057NPChief Justice3058NPJustice ,3059,, if3060INif I3061PPI may3062MDmay reserve3063VVreserve the3064DTthe balance3065NNbalance of3066INof my3067PP$my time3068NNtime .3069SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]3070LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Thank3071VVthank you3072PPyou ,3073,, counsel3074NNcounsel .3075SENT. Mr3076NPMr .3077SENT. Yang3078NPYang .3079SENT.