[MS. SINZDAK]23LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Mr24NPMr .25SENT. Chief26NPChief Justice27NPJustice ,28,, and29CCand may30MDmay it31PPit please32VVplease the33DTthe Court34NPCourt :35:: When36WRBwhen Title37NPTitle VII38NPVII 's39POS's exhaustion40NNexhaustion requirement41NNrequirement is42VBZbe satisfied43VVNsatisfy ,44,, the45DTthe power46NNpower to47TOto address48VVaddress an49DTan employment50NNemployment discrimination51NNdiscrimination claim52NNclaim shifts53NNSshift from54INfrom the55DTthe executive56NNexecutive to57TOto the58DTthe judicial59JJjudicial branch60NNbranch .61SENT. The62DTthe exhaustion63NNexhaustion requirement64NNrequirement is65VBZbe ,66,, therefore67RBtherefore ,68,, jurisdictional69JJjurisdictional in70INin the71DTthe plainest72JJSplain sense73NNsense of74INof that75DTthat word76NNword .77SENT. And78CCand that79WDTthat is80VBZbe confirmed81VVNconfirm in82INin at83INat least84JJSleast three85CDthree ways86NNSway .87SENT. First88RBfirst ,89,, the90DTthe text91NNtext and92CCand structure93NNstructure of94INof Section95NPSection 2000e-596NP2000e-5 demonstrates97VVZdemonstrate that98IN/thatthat the99DTthe exhaustion100NNexhaustion requirement101NNrequirement is102VBZbe jurisdictional103JJjurisdictional ,104,, ensuring105VVGensure that106IN/thatthat courts107NNScourt do108VVPdo not109RBnot reach110VVreach the111DTthe merits112NNSmerit of113INof a114DTa claim115NNclaim before116INbefore it117PPit has118VHZhave been119VBNbe presented120VVNpresent to121TOto the122DTthe expert123NNexpert agency124NNagency .125SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]126LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But127CCbut the128DTthe expert129NNexpert agency130NNagency ,131,, unlike132INunlike the133DTthe examples134NNSexample that135WDTthat you136PPyou give137VVPgive of138INof agencies139NNSagency that140WDTthat have141VHPhave adjudicatory142JJadjudicatory authority143NNauthority ,144,, the145DTthe EEOC146NPEEOC has147VHZhave no148DTno authority149NNauthority to150TOto adjudicate151VVadjudicate .152SENT. Yes153UHyes ,154,, you155PPyou have156VHPhave to157TOto let158VVlet the159DTthe complaint160NNcomplaint stay161VVstay there162RBthere for163INfor 180164CD@card@ days165NNSday ,166,, but167CCbut they168PPthey do169VVPdo n't170RBn't decide171VVdecide anything172NNanything ,173,, or174CCor even175RBeven if176INif they177PPthey decide178VVPdecide they179PPthey dismiss180VVdismiss your181PP$your claim182NNclaim ,183,, that184WDTthat has185VHZhave no186DTno preclusive187JJpreclusive effect188NNeffect in189INin the190DTthe court191NNcourt .192SENT. So193RBso it194PPit 's195VBZbe one196CDone thing197NNthing to198TOto say199VVsay when200WRBwhen Congress201NPCongress sets202VVZset up203RPup a204DTa scheme205NNscheme where206WRBwhere the207DTthe agency208NNagency is209VBZbe the210DTthe equivalent211NNequivalent of212INof a213DTa court214NNcourt of215INof first216JJfirst instance217NNinstance ,218,, it219PPit makes220VVZmake a221DTa decision222NNdecision and223CCand that224IN/thatthat decision225NNdecision is226VBZbe reviewed227VVNreview .228SENT. But229CCbut ,230,, in231INin a232DTa Title233NPTitle VII234NPVII case235NNcase ,236,, the237DTthe court238NNcourt is239VBZbe never240RBnever reviewing241VVGreview the242DTthe decision243NNdecision of244INof the245DTthe EEOC246NPEEOC because247INbecause they248PPthey do249VVPdo n't250RBn't have251VHhave any252DTany authority253NNauthority to254TOto make255VVmake decisions256NNSdecision .257SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]258LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Well259UHWell ,260,, Justice261NPJustice Ginsburg262NPGinsburg ,263,, I264PPI think265VVPthink the266DTthe important267JJimportant question268NNquestion with269INwith respect270NNrespect to271TOto jurisdiction272NNjurisdiction is273VBZbe whether274INwhether the275DTthe agency276NNagency has277VHZhave been278VBNbe empowered279VVNempower to280TOto attempt281VVattempt to282TOto resolve283VVresolve a284DTa claim285NNclaim .286SENT. I287PPI do288VVPdo n't289RBn't think290VVthink whether291INwhether the292DTthe resolution293NNresolution ...294:... the295DTthe way296NNway that297IN/thatthat it298PPit resolves299VVZresolve it300PPit ,301,, whether302CCwhether ...303:... whether304INwhether ...305:... the306DTthe way307NNway that308IN/thatthat it309PPit 's310VHZhave been311VBNbe empowered312VVNempower to313TOto resolve314VVresolve it315PPit ,316,, whether317INwhether it318PPit 's319VBZbe adjudicatory320JJadjudicatory or321CCor non-adversarial322JJnon-adversarial ,323,, I324PPI do325VVPdo n't326RBn't think327VVthink that328DTthat matters329NNSmatter .330SENT. What331WPWhat matters332VVZmatter is333VBZbe whether334INwhether Congress335NPCongress vested336JJvested authority337NNauthority in338INin the339DTthe agency340NNagency to341TOto attempt342VVattempt to343TOto resolve344VVresolve it345PPit .346SENT. And347CCand I348PPI think349VVPthink ,350,, with351INwith respect352NNrespect to353TOto Title354NPTitle VII355NPVII ,356,, it357PPit 's358VBZbe correct359JJcorrect ,360,, the361DTthe agency362NNagency is363VBZbe not364RBnot using365VVGuse adversarial366NNadversarial proceedings367NNSproceeding .368SENT. And369CCand that370DTthat 's371VBZbe because372INbecause ,373,, as374INas we375PPwe know376VVPknow ,377,, Congress378NPCongress intended379VVDintend for380INfor employment381NNemployment discrimination382NNdiscrimination claims383VVZclaim to384TOto be385VBbe resolved386VVNresolve in387INin a388DTa non-adversarial389JJnon-adversarial manner390NNmanner ,391,, to392TOto be393VBbe resolved394VVNresolve through395INthrough conciliation396NNconciliation or397CCor cooperation398NNcooperation or399CCor means400VVZmean like401INlike that402DTthat .403SENT. And404CCand so405RBso it406PPit wanted407VVDwant the408DTthe agency409NNagency to410TOto have411VHhave the412DTthe power413NNpower to414TOto do415VVdo that416DTthat .417SENT. And418CCand leaving419VVGleave the420DTthe door421NNdoor open422JJopen for423INfor the424DTthe adversarial425NNadversarial judicial426JJjudicial process427NNprocess at428INat the429DTthe same430JJsame time431NNtime would432MDwould certainly433RBcertainly have434VHhave undercut435VVNundercut that436DTthat intention437NNintention .438SENT. And439CCand I440PPI would441MDwould also442RBalso say443VVsay that444IN/thatthat the445DTthe ...446:... that447IN/thatthat the448DTthe agency449NNagency does450VVZdo ,451,, in452INin fact453NNfact ,454,, make455VVmake decisions456NNSdecision .457SENT. It458PPit makes459VVZmake a460DTa no461DTno cause462NNcause or463CCor a464DTa cause465NNcause determination466NNdetermination .467SENT. And468CCand it469PPit ...470:... it471PPit ...472:... it473PPit supervises474VVZsupervise conciliation475NNconciliation ,476,, and477CCand if478INif there479EXthere 's480VBZbe a481DTa conciliation482NNconciliation ,483,, then484RBthen there485EXthere is486VBZbe no487DTno right488NNright then489RBthen to490TOto go491VVgo to492TOto the493DTthe court494NNcourt .495SENT. So496RBso it497PPit is498VBZbe ...499:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]500LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] How501NPHow ...502:... how503WRBhow ...504:... it505PPit 's506VBZbe also507RBalso the508DTthe case509NNcase that510IN/thatthat if511INif the512DTthe EEOC513NPEEOC does514VVZdo nothing515NNnothing within516INwithin 180517CD@card@ days518NNSday ,519,, you520PPyou can521MDcan go522VVgo to523TOto court524NNcourt and525CCand ...526:... and527CCand the528DTthe agency529NNagency has530VHZhave done531VVNdo absolutely532RBabsolutely nothing533NNnothing at534INat all535DTall .536SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]537LOC[MS. SINZDAK] That538DTthat 's539VBZbe correct540JJcorrect .541SENT. It542PPit 's543VBZbe similar544JJsimilar to545TOto McNeil546NPMcNeil ,547,, another548DTanother ...549:... another550DTanother case551NNcase this552DTthis Court553NPCourt had554VHDhave with555INwith the556DTthe Federal557NPFederal Tort558NPTort Claims559NPClaims Act560NPAct where561WRBwhere ...562:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]563LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] The564DTthe Federal565NPFederal Tort566NPTort Claims567NPSClaims Act568NPAct did569VVDdo have570VHPhave a571DTa question572NNquestion ...573:... Federal574NPFederal Claim575NPClaim ...576:... Tort577NPTort Claims578NPSClaims Act579NPAct ,580,, you581PPyou are582VBPbe suing583VVGsue the584DTthe government585NNgovernment ,586,, you587PPyou suing588VVGsue the589DTthe United590NPUnited States591NPSStates .592SENT. The593DTthe United594NPUnited States595NPSStates has596VHZhave sovereign597JJsovereign immunity598NNimmunity ,599,, and600CCand it601PPit can602MDcan say603VVsay you604PPyou can605MDcan 't606RB't sue607VVsue us608PPus ,609,, unless610INunless ...611:... there612EXthere 's613VBZbe no614DTno question615NNquestion about616INabout sovereign617JJsovereign immunity618NNimmunity here619RBhere .620SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]621LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Oh622NPOh ,623,, there624RBthere ...625:... there626RBthere very627RBvery much628JJmuch is629VBZbe in630INin ...631:... in632INin two633CDtwo important634JJimportant ways635NNSway .636SENT. First637JJfirst of638INof all639DTall ,640,, state641NNstate sovereign642JJsovereign immunity643NNimmunity is644VBZbe certainly645RBcertainly implicated646VVNimplicate by647INby Section648NNsection 2000e-5649JJ2000e-5 because650INbecause it651PPit gives652VVZgive parties653NNSparty the654DTthe right655NNright to656TOto sue657VVsue states658NNSstate .659SENT. But660CCbut also661RBalso Section662NNsection 2000e-5663JJ2000e-5 and664CCand the665DTthe exhaustion666NNexhaustion requirement667NNrequirement we668PPwe 're669VBPbe speaking670VVGspeak ...671:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]672LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Let's673NPLet's ...674:... let675VVlet 's676VBZbe go677VVgo back678RBback .679SENT. How680WRBHow did681VVDdo ...682:... how683WRBhow does684VVZdo ...685:... how686WRBhow does687VVZdo Congress688NPCongress give689VVgive the690DTthe states691VVZstate the692DTthe ...693:... give694VVgive a695DTa party696NNparty the697DTthe right698NNright to699TOto sue700VVsue a701DTa state702NNstate as703INas Congress704NPCongress has705VHZhave waived706VVNwaive immunity707NNimmunity ?708SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]709LOC[MS. SINZDAK] That710DTthat ...711:... that712WDTthat 's713VBZbe correct714JJcorrect .715SENT. But716CCbut the717DTthe question718NNquestion is719VBZbe how720WRBhow narrowly721RBnarrowly to722TOto construe723VVconstrue the724DTthe waiver725NNwaiver of726INof sovereign727JJsovereign immunity728NNimmunity .729SENT. And730CCand this731DTthis Court732NPCourt has733VHZhave repeatedly734RBrepeatedly held735VVNhold that736IN/thatthat waivers737NNSwaiver of738INof sovereign739JJsovereign immunity740NNimmunity ,741,, both742CCboth with743INwith respect744NNrespect to745TOto states746NNSstate and747CCand the748DTthe federal749JJfederal government750NNgovernment ,751,, need752VVPneed to753TOto be754VBbe narrowly755RBnarrowly construed756VVNconstrue .757SENT. And758CCand I759PPI 'd760MDwould also761RBalso just762RBjust like763VVlike to764TOto add765VVadd Section766NNsection 2000e-5767JJ2000e-5 does768VVZdo implicate769VVimplicate the770DTthe federal771JJfederal government772NNgovernment 's773POS's sovereign774JJsovereign immunity775NNimmunity because776INbecause Section777NPSection 2000e-5778NP2000e-5 (779(( f780LSf )781)) is782VBZbe expressly783RBexpressly incorporated784VVNincorporate in785INin 2000e-16786JJ2000e-16 ,787,, which788WDTwhich is789VBZbe the790DTthe provision791NNprovision that792WDTthat allows793VVZallow for794INfor parties795NNSparty to796TOto sue797VVsue the798DTthe federal799JJfederal government800NNgovernment .801SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]802LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Yes803NPYes ,804,, but805CCbut I806PPI thought807VVDthink that808DTthat ...809:... that810IN/thatthat Title811NPTitle VII812NPVII waives813VVZwaive that814DTthat immunity815NNimmunity .816SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]817LOC[MS. SINZDAK] It818PPit ...819:... it820PPit waives821VVZwaive the822DTthe immunity823NNimmunity ,824,, but825CCbut ,826,, again827RBagain ,828,, the829DTthe question830NNquestion is831VBZbe how832WRBhow broad833JJbroad a834DTa waiver835NNwaiver is836VBZbe there837RBthere .838SENT. And839CCand we840PPwe know841VVPknow it842PPit needs843VVZneed to844TOto be845VBbe narrowly846RBnarrowly construed847VVNconstrue .848SENT. If849INif Congress850NPCongress said851VVDsay ,852,, yes853UHyes ,854,, you855PPyou can856MDcan bring857VVbring suit858NNsuit against859INagainst the860DTthe federal861JJfederal government862NNgovernment ,863,, yes864UHyes ,865,, you866PPyou may867MDmay bring868VVbring suits869NNSsuit against870INagainst a871DTa state872NNstate but873CCbut only874RBonly after875INafter you876PPyou have877VHPhave attempted878VVNattempt to879TOto resolve880VVresolve this881DTthis claim882NNclaim through883INthrough non-adjudicatory884JJnon-adjudicatory methods885NNSmethod ,886,, then887RBthen we888PPwe need889VVPneed to890TOto ...891:... to892TOto honor893VVhonor Congress894NPCongress 's895POS's decision896NNdecision about897INabout the898DTthe breadth899NNbreadth of900INof the901DTthe waiver902NNwaiver that903WDTthat 's904VBZbe at905INat stake906NNstake in907INin that908DTthat case909NNcase .910SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]911LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Do912VVPdo you913PPyou think914VVPthink that915IN/thatthat Congress916NPCongress meant917VVDmean that918IN/thatthat if919INif you920PPyou take921VVPtake a922DTa case923NNcase ,924,, Title925NPTitle VII926NPVII case927NNcase ,928,, take929VVtake it930PPit to931TOto a932DTa district933NNdistrict court934NNcourt ,935,, take936VVtake it937PPit to938TOto a939DTa court940NNcourt of941INof appeals942NNSappeal ,943,, and944CCand the945DTthe defendant946NNdefendant has947VHZhave said948VVNsay not949RBnot one950CDone word951NNword about952INabout exhaustion953NNexhaustion ,954,, the955DTthe defendant956NNdefendant loses957VVZlose in958INin district959NNdistrict court960NNcourt ,961,, loses962VVZlose in963INin the964DTthe court965NNcourt of966INof appeals967NNSappeal and968CCand says969VVZsay ,970,, a-ha971NNa-ha ,972,, there973EXthere was974VBDbe no975DTno exhaustion976NNexhaustion ,977,, all978DTall bets979NNSbet are980VBPbe off981RBoff ,982,, we983PPwe win984VVPwin ?985SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]986LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I987PPI think988VVPthink that989WDTthat is990VBZbe one991CDone effect992NNeffect of993INof this994DTthis being995JJbeing jurisdictional996JJjurisdictional and997CCand ,998,, yes999UHyes ,1000,, Congress1001NPCongress very1002RBvery much1003RBmuch did1004VVDdo say1005VVsay that1006IN/thatthat this1007DTthis is1008VBZbe a1009DTa jurisdictional1010JJjurisdictional rule1011NNrule .1012SENT. But1013CCbut I1014PPI think1015VVPthink that1016IN/thatthat that1017DTthat is1018VBZbe focusing1019VVGfocus on1020INon one1021CDone relatively1022RBrelatively rare1023JJrare instance1024NNinstance rather1025RBrather than1026INthan on1027INon the1028DTthe reasons1029NNSreason that1030IN/thatthat Congress1031NPCongress would1032MDwould make1033VVmake a1034DTa provision1035NNprovision like1036INlike this1037DTthis jurisdictional1038JJjurisdictional .1039SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1040LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] What1041WPWhat about1042INabout the1043DTthe ...1044:... the1045DTthe notion1046NNnotion that1047IN/thatthat if1048INif Congress1049NPCongress wants1050VVZwant to1051TOto make1052VVmake something1053NNsomething jurisdictional1054JJjurisdictional ,1055,, of1056INof course1057NNcourse ,1058,, it1059PPit can1060MDcan ,1061,, like1062INlike it1063PPit 's1064VHZhave made1065VVNmake the1066DTthe amount1067NNamount in1068INin controversy1069NNcontroversy jurisdictional1070JJjurisdictional in1071INin diversity1072NNdiversity cases1073NNScase .1074SENT. But1075CCbut it1076PPit did1077VVDdo n't1078RBn't do1079VVdo that1080IN/thatthat here1081RBhere .1082SENT. It1083PPit did1084VVDdo n't1085RBn't say1086VVsay it1087PPit 's1088VBZbe jurisdictional1089JJjurisdictional .1090SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]1091LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I1092PPI ...1093:... I1094PPI think1095VVPthink that1096IN/thatthat it1097PPit did1098VVDdo .1099SENT. I1100PPI think1101VVPthink that1102IN/thatthat the1103DTthe text1104NNtext of1105INof Section1106NPSection 2000e-51107NP2000e-5 makes1108VVZmake very1109RBvery clear1110VVclear that1111IN/thatthat a1112DTa civil1113JJcivil action1114NNaction may1115MDmay be1116VBbe brought1117VVNbring only1118RBonly after1119INafter the1120DTthe EEOC1121NPEEOC has1122VHZhave either1123RBeither dismissed1124VVNdismiss the1125DTthe claim1126NNclaim or1127CCor has1128VHZhave ...1129:... 1801130CD@card@ days1131NNSday have1132VHPhave passed1133VVNpass .1134SENT. And1135CCand then1136RBthen Section1137NPSection 2000e-51138NP2000e-5 (1139(( f1140LSf )1141)) (1142(( 31143LS3 )1144)) only1145RBonly confers1146VVZconfer jurisdiction1147NNjurisdiction over1148INover actions1149NNSaction brought1150VVNbring under1151INunder this1152DTthis subchapter1153NNsubchapter .1154SENT. So1155RBso I1156PPI think1157VVPthink it1158PPit 's1159VBZbe pretty1160JJpretty ...1161:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1162LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] There1163EXthere are1164VBPbe two1165CDtwo separate1166JJseparate sections1167NNSsection .1168SENT. One1169PPone is1170VBZbe the1171DTthe jurisdictional1172JJjurisdictional section1173NNsection ,1174,, that1175WDTthat 's1176VBZbe step1177NNstep 31178CD3 ,1179,, and1180CCand that1181WDTthat does1182VVZdo n't1183RBn't say1184VVsay anything1185NNanything at1186INat all1187DTall about1188INabout exhaustion1189NNexhaustion .1190SENT. Exhaustion1191NNexhaustion is1192VBZbe in1193INin a1194DTa separate1195JJseparate provision1196NNprovision .1197SENT. They1198PPthey 're1199VBPbe not1200RBnot linked1201VVNlink together1202RBtogether in1203INin one1204CDone provision1205NNprovision .1206SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]1207LOC[MS. SINZDAK] So1208INso they1209PPthey are1210VBPbe both1211CCboth in1212INin subsection1213NNsubsection (1214(( f1215LSf )1216)) .1217SENT. And1218CCand one1219PPone is1220VBZbe subsection1221NNsubsection (1222(( f1223LSf )1224)) (1225(( 11226LS1 )1227)) ,1228,, and1229CCand the1230DTthe other1231JJother is1232VBZbe subsection1233NNsubsection (1234(( f1235LSf )1236)) (1237(( 31238LS3 )1239)) .1240SENT. And1241CCand they1242PPthey are1243VBPbe certainly1244RBcertainly linked1245VVNlink by1246INby the1247DTthe ...1248:... the1249DTthe specific1250JJspecific textual1251JJtextual clues1252NNSclue ,1253,, which1254WDTwhich is1255VBZbe that1256DTthat subsection1257NNsubsection (1258(( f1259LSf )1260)) (1261(( 31262LS3 )1263)) says1264VVZsay you1265PPyou only1266RBonly have1267VHPhave jurisdiction1268NNjurisdiction over1269INover actions1270NNSaction brought1271VVNbring under1272INunder this1273DTthis subchapter1274NNsubchapter .1275SENT. And1276CCand then1277RBthen subsection1278NNsubsection (1279(( f1280LSf )1281)) (1282(( 11283LS1 )1284)) ,1285,, in1286INin exactly1287RBexactly the1288DTthe same1289JJsame terms1290NNSterm ,1291,, says1292VVZsay a1293DTa civil1294JJcivil action1295NNaction may1296MDmay be1297VBbe brought1298VVNbring only1299RBonly after1300INafter the1301DTthe ...1302:... the1303DTthe ...1304:... the1305DTthe ...1306:... the1307DTthe claims1308NNSclaim have1309VHPhave been1310VBNbe dismissed1311VVNdismiss by1312INby the1313DTthe EEOC1314NPEEOC or1315CCor after1316INafter a1317DTa ...1318:... after1319INafter 1801320CD@card@ days1321NNSday have1322VHPhave passed1323VVNpass .1324SENT. So1325RBso I1326PPI think1327VVPthink they1328PPthey 're1329VBPbe ...1330:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1331LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] How1332WRBHow does1333NNSdoe that1334WDTthat differ1335VVPdiffer from1336INfrom a1337DTa suit1338NNsuit for1339INfor copyright1340NNcopyright infringement1341NNinfringement may1342MDmay not1343RBnot be1344VBbe brought1345VVNbring until1346INuntil the1347DTthe copyright1348NNcopyright is1349VBZbe registered1350VVNregister ?1351SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]1352LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Well1353UHWell ,1354,, there1355RBthere ,1356,, I1357PPI do1358VVPdo n't1359RBn't think1360VVthink there1361EXthere was1362VBDbe ...1363:... it1364PPit was1365VBDbe n't1366RBn't in1367INin the1368DTthe same1369JJsame provision1370NNprovision as1371INas the1372DTthe express1373JJexpress jurisdictional1374JJjurisdictional grant1375NNgrant .1376SENT. I1377PPI also1378RBalso think1379VVPthink ,1380,, you1381PPyou know1382VVPknow ,1383,, we1384PPwe 're1385VBPbe not1386RBnot just1387RBjust looking1388VVGlook at1389INat text1390NNtext in1391INin isolation1392NNisolation .1393SENT. You1394PPyou have1395VHPhave to1396TOto look1397VVlook at1398INat text1399NNtext in1400INin context1401NNcontext .1402SENT. And1403CCand here1404RBhere we1405PPwe have1406VHPhave this1407DTthis very1408RBvery ...1409:... this1410DTthis text1411NNtext linking1412VVGlink explicitly1413RBexplicitly to1414TOto the1415DTthe jurisdictional1416JJjurisdictional provision1417NNprovision ,1418,, and1419CCand it1420PPit 's1421VBZbe part1422NNpart of1423INof an1424DTan intricate1425JJintricate scheme1426NNscheme for1427INfor statutory1428JJstatutory and1429CCand judicial1430JJjudicial review1431NNreview .1432SENT. And1433CCand this1434DTthis Court1435NPCourt ,1436,, in1437INin case1438NNcase after1439INafter case1440NNcase ,1441,, has1442VHZhave said1443VVNsay that1444IN/thatthat when1445WRBwhen Congress1446NPCongress sets1447VVZset out1448RPout ...1449:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1450LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But1451CCbut it1452PPit 's1453VBZbe not1454RBnot ...1455:... you1456PPyou just1457RBjust used1458VVDuse the1459DTthe word1460NNword "1461``" review1462NNreview .1463SENT. "1464``" It1465PPit 's1466VBZbe not1467RBnot judicial1468JJjudicial review1469NNreview .1470SENT. It1471PPit 's1472VBZbe an1473DTan agency1474NNagency ...1475:... and1476CCand then1477RBthen the1478DTthe court1479NNcourt is1480VBZbe hearing1481VVGhear the1482DTthe case1483NNcase de1484FWde novo1485NNnovo ;1486:; it1487PPit is1488VBZbe not1489RBnot reviewing1490VVGreview anything1491NNanything that1492IN/thatthat the1493DTthe agency1494NNagency has1495VHZhave done1496VVNdo .1497SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]1498LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Well1499UHWell ,1500,, that1501WDTthat 's1502VBZbe ...1503:... the1504DTthe court1505NNcourt has1506VHZhave used1507VVNuse the1508DTthe term1509NNterm "1510``" review1511NNreview "1512''" to1513TOto refer1514VVrefer to1515TOto what1516WPwhat the1517DTthe agency1518NNagency does1519VVZdo .1520SENT. And1521CCand so1522RBso I1523PPI do1524VVPdo n't1525RBn't think1526VVthink it1527PPit 's1528VBZbe using1529VVGuse "1530``" review1531NNreview "1532''" in1533INin the1534DTthe sense1535NNsense of1536INof there1537EXthere has1538VHZhave to1539TOto be1540VBbe a1541DTa decision1542NNdecision in1543INin front1544NNfront of1545INof it1546PPit that1547IN/thatthat it1548PPit 's1549VBZbe looking1550VVGlook at1551INat .1552SENT. And1553CCand ,1554,, in1555INin fact1556NNfact ,1557,, we1558PPwe know1559VVPknow that1560IN/thatthat because1561INbecause it1562PPit used1563VVDuse the1564DTthe term1565NNterm ...1566:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1567LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But1568CCbut you1569PPyou used1570VVDuse the1571DTthe word1572NNword "1573``" judicial1574JJjudicial review1575NNreview .1576SENT. "1577``" So1578RBso it1579PPit was1580VBDbe the1581DTthe judiciary1582NNjudiciary is1583VBZbe reviewing1584VVGreview something1585NNsomething .1586SENT. But1587CCbut ,1588,, here1589RBhere ,1590,, in1591INin the1592DTthe ...1593:... in1594INin a1595DTa Title1596NPTitle VII1597NPVII case1598NNcase ,1599,, the1600DTthe judiciary1601NNjudiciary is1602VBZbe reviewing1603VVGreview nothing1604NNnothing .1605SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]1606LOC[MS. SINZDAK] No1607NPNo ,1608,, it1609PPit 's1610VBZbe reviewing1611VVGreview the1612DTthe actions1613NNSaction .1614SENT. It1615PPit 's1616VBZbe reviewing1617VVGreview the1618DTthe ...1619:... the1620DTthe claim1621NNclaim of1622INof ...1623:... of1624INof employment1625NNemployment discrimination1626NNdiscrimination in1627INin the1628DTthe same1629JJsame way1630NNway that1631IN/thatthat the1632DTthe agency1633NNagency is1634VBZbe reviewing1635VVGreview the1636DTthe claim1637NNclaim of1638INof employment1639NNemployment discrimination1640NNdiscrimination in1641INin the1642DTthe first1643JJfirst instance1644NNinstance .1645SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1646LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] It1647PPit 's1648VBZbe adjudicating1649VVGadjudicate that1650IN/thatthat claim1651NNclaim de1652NPde novo1653NPNovo .1654SENT. There1655EXthere 's1656VBZbe no1657DTno ...1658:... the1659DTthe word1660NNword review1661NNreview ...1662:... "1663``" review1664NNreview "1665''" is1666VBZbe reviewing1667VVGreview something1668NNsomething .1669SENT. It1670PPit is1671VBZbe n't1672RBn't ...1673:... it1674PPit 's1675VBZbe taking1676VVGtake a1677DTa first1678JJfirst view1679NNview .1680SENT. And1681CCand a1682DTa first1683JJfirst view1684NNview is1685VBZbe different1686JJdifferent from1687INfrom review1688NNreview .1689SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]1690LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Well1691UHwell ,1692,, I1693PPI 'm1694VBPbe not1695RBnot sure1696JJsure that1697IN/thatthat that1698DTthat 's1699VBZbe how1700WRBhow the1701DTthe court1702NNcourt has1703VHZhave been1704VBNbe using1705VVGuse it1706PPit because1707INbecause it1708PPit refers1709VVZrefer to1710TOto administrative1711JJadministrative review1712NNreview and1713CCand we1714PPwe all1715RBall agree1716VVPagree that1717IN/thatthat the1718DTthe agency1719NNagency is1720VBZbe acting1721VVGact in1722INin the1723DTthe first1724JJfirst instance1725NNinstance .1726SENT. So1727RBso I1728PPI think1729VVPthink it1730PPit is1731VBZbe referring1732VVGrefer to1733TOto reviewing1734VVGreview a1735DTa claim1736NNclaim .1737SENT. And1738CCand ,1739,, certainly1740RBcertainly ,1741,, the1742DTthe ...1743:... the1744DTthe courts1745NNScourt are1746VBPbe reviewing1747VVGreview a1748DTa claim1749NNclaim .1750SENT. But1751CCbut ,1752,, again1753RBagain ,1754,, I1755PPI do1756VVPdo n't1757RBn't want1758VVwant to1759TOto get1760VVget too1761RBtoo ...1762:... too1763RBtoo bogged1764VVDbog down1765RPdown in1766INin this1767DTthis .1768SENT. I1769PPI ...1770:... I1771PPI ...1772:... there1773EXthere is1774VBZbe de1775NPde novo1776NPNovo review1777NNreview ,1778,, but1779CCbut we1780PPwe think1781VVPthink ,1782,, again1783RBagain ,1784,, that1785IN/thatthat that1786DTthat is1787VBZbe because1788INbecause Congress1789NPCongress was1790VBDbe setting1791VVGset out1792RPout a1793DTa scheme1794NNscheme that1795WDTthat was1796VBDbe designed1797VVNdesign to1798TOto encourage1799VVencourage litigants1800NNSlitigant to1801TOto first1802RBfirst go1803VVgo to1804TOto this1805DTthis non-adversarial1806JJnon-adversarial process1807NNprocess .1808SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]1809LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Well1810UHWell ,1811,, that1812WDTthat 's1813VBZbe satisfied1814VVNsatisfy by1815INby making1816VVGmake it1817PPit mandatory1818JJmandatory .1819SENT. This1820DTthis is1821VBZbe a1822DTa mandatory1823JJmandatory rule1824NNrule .1825SENT. And1826CCand if1827INif the1828DTthe defendant1829NNdefendant raises1830VVZraise it1831PPit ,1832,, that1833WDTthat 's1834VBZbe it1835PPit .1836SENT. But1837CCbut when1838WRBwhen a1839DTa defendant1840NNdefendant does1841VVZdo n't1842RBn't raise1843VVraise it1844PPit ...1845:... let1846VVlet me1847PPme ask1848VVask you1849PPyou a1850DTa question1851NNquestion about1852INabout the1853DTthe premises1854NNSpremise of1855INof our1856PP$our system1857NNsystem .1858SENT. Ordinarily1859RBordinarily ,1860,, we1861PPwe follow1862VVPfollow ,1863,, as1864INas civil1865JJcivil law1866NNlaw courts1867NNScourt do1868VVPdo n't1869RBn't ,1870,, the1871DTthe principle1872NNprinciple of1873INof party1874NNparty presentation1875NNpresentation .1876SENT. So1877RBso it1878PPit 's1879VBZbe left1880VVNleave to1881TOto parties1882NNSparty to1883TOto frame1884VVframe their1885PP$their complaint1886NNcomplaint ,1887,, frame1888VVframe their1889PP$their answer1890NNanswer ,1891,, and1892CCand the1893DTthe Court1894NPCourt does1895VVZdo n't1896RBn't frame1897VVframe the1898DTthe questions1899NNSquestion and1900CCand you1901PPyou do1902VVPdo n't1903RBn't frame1904VVframe the1905DTthe defenses1906NNSdefense .1907SENT. So1908RBso what1909WPwhat you1910PPyou 're1911VBPbe suggesting1912VVGsuggest really1913RBreally runs1914VVZrun up1915RPup against1916INagainst that1917DTthat main1918JJmain theme1919NNtheme that1920IN/thatthat it1921PPit 's1922VBZbe up1923RBup to1924TOto the1925DTthe parties1926NNSparty to1927TOto state1928VVstate their1929PP$their claims1930NNSclaim ,1931,, up1932RBup to1933TOto the1934DTthe defendant1935NNdefendant to1936TOto raise1937VVraise objections1938NNSobjection ,1939,, defenses1940NNSdefense ?1941SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]1942LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I1943PPI think1944VVPthink that1945IN/thatthat in1946INin John1947NPJohn R1948NPR .1949SENT. Sand1950NNsand ,1951,, the1952DTthe Court1953NPCourt recognized1954VVDrecognize that1955IN/thatthat jurisdictional1956JJjurisdictional rules1957NNSrule do1958VVPdo n't1959RBn't function1960VVfunction in1961INin that1962DTthat way1963NNway and1964CCand they1965PPthey do1966VVPdo n't1967RBn't function1968VVfunction in1969INin that1970DTthat way1971NNway because1972INbecause they1973PPthey are1974VBPbe generally1975RBgenerally intended1976VVNintend to1977TOto vindicate1978VVvindicate system-related1979JJsystem-related goals1980NNSgoal .1981SENT. And1982CCand ...1983:... and1984CCand it1985PPit 's1986VBZbe very1987RBvery clear1988JJclear here1989RBhere that1990RBthat ...1991:... that1992IN/thatthat titles1993NNStitle having1994VHGhave an1995DTan exhaustion1996NNexhaustion requirement1997NNrequirement is1998VBZbe vindicating1999VVGvindicate system-related2000JJsystem-related goals2001NNSgoal .2002SENT. As2003INas we2004PPwe were2005VBDbe discussing2006VVGdiscuss ,2007,, it2008PPit 's2009VBZbe helping2010VVGhelp to2011TOto protect2012VVprotect sovereign2013JJsovereign immunity2014NNimmunity .2015SENT. It2016PPit 's2017VBZbe also2018RBalso ensuring2019VVGensure that2020IN/thatthat the2021DTthe EEOC2022NPEEOC has2023VHZhave its2024PP$its central2025JJcentral role2026NNrole in2027INin the2028DTthe employment2029NNemployment discrimination2030NNdiscrimination context2031NNcontext .2032SENT. And2033CCand it2034PPit can2035MDcan 't2036RB't have2037VHhave that2038DTthat role2039NNrole if2040INif litigants2041NNSlitigant are2042VBPbe able2043JJable to2044TOto sort2045VVsort of2046INof do2047VVPdo side2048NNside agreements2049NNSagreement and2050CCand just2051RBjust evade2052VVevade the2053DTthe EEOC2054NPEEOC entirely2055RBentirely .2056SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]2057LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] What2058WPWhat do2059VVPdo we2060PPwe do2061VVPdo with2062INwith one2063CDone other2064JJother facet2065NNfacet of2066INof Title2067NPTitle VII2068NPVII ?2069SENT? Title2070NPTitle VII2071NPVII is2072VBZbe written2073VVNwrite for2074INfor employees2075NNSemployee to2076TOto state2077VVstate their2078PP$their grievances2079NNSgrievance ,2080,, and2081CCand in2082INin many2083JJmany of2084INof these2085DTthese cases2086NNScase ,2087,, these2088DTthese people2089NNSpeople are2090VBPbe not2091RBnot represented2092VVNrepresent at2093INat all2094DTall or2095CCor ,2096,, if2097INif they2098PPthey are2099VBPbe represented2100VVNrepresent ,2101,, it2102PPit 's2103VBZbe not2104RBnot counsel2105NNcounsel of2106INof your2107PP$your quality2108NNquality .2109SENT. Is2110VBZbe that2111IN/thatthat a2112DTa factor2113NNfactor that2114WDTthat should2115MDshould be2116VBbe taken2117VVNtake into2118INinto account2119NNaccount ?2120SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]2121LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I2122PPI think2123VVPthink that2124IN/thatthat in2125INin enforcing2126VVGenforce the2127DTthe exhaustion2128NNexhaustion requirement2129NNrequirement ,2130,, courts2131NNScourt have2132VHPhave taken2133VVNtake that2134IN/thatthat into2135INinto account2136NNaccount .2137SENT. And2138CCand it2139PPit 's2140VBZbe sort2141NNsort of2142INof similar2143JJsimilar to2144TOto the2145DTthe notice2146NNnotice of2147INof appeal2148NNappeal setting2149NNsetting ,2150,, where2151WRBwhere a2152DTa notice2153NNnotice of2154INof appeal2155NNappeal is2156VBZbe a2157DTa jurisdictional2158JJjurisdictional requirement2159NNrequirement .2160SENT. But2161CCbut this2162DTthis Court2163NPCourt has2164VHZhave been2165VBNbe relatively2166RBrelatively flexible2167JJflexible in2168INin order2169NNorder to2170TOto recognize2171VVrecognize that2172IN/thatthat sometimes2173RBsometimes there2174EXthere might2175MDmight be2176VBbe difficulty2177NNdifficulty in2178INin satisfying2179VVGsatisfy that2180IN/thatthat and2181CCand to2182TOto ensure2183VVensure that2184IN/thatthat people2185NNSpeople do2186VVPdo have2187VHPhave their2188PP$their day2189NNday in2190INin court2191NNcourt .2192SENT. And2193CCand so2194RBso I2195PPI think2196VVPthink if2197INif you2198PPyou look2199VVPlook at2200INat the2201DTthe cases2202NNScase ...2203:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]2204LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Well2205UHWell ,2206,, no2207UHno .2208SENT. I2209PPI mean2210VVPmean ,2211,, maybe2212RBmaybe we2213PPwe 've2214VHPhave been2215VBNbe flexible2216JJflexible in2217INin regarding2218VVGregard some2219DTsome things2220NNSthing as2221INas notices2222NNSnotice of2223INof appeal2224NNappeal when2225WRBwhen they2226PPthey 're2227VBPbe not2228RBnot phrased2229VVNphrase as2230INas such2231JJsuch ,2232,, but2233CCbut that2234DTthat 's2235VBZbe the2236DTthe end2237NNend of2238INof it2239PPit .2240SENT. We2241PPwe 've2242VHPhave never2243RBnever been2244VBNbe ...2245:... that2246WDTthat 's2247VBZbe the2248DTthe whole2249JJwhole point2250NNpoint .2251SENT. It2252PPit 's2253VBZbe jurisdictional2254JJjurisdictional .2255SENT. You2256PPyou do2257VVPdo n't2258RBn't get2259VVget any2260DTany slack2261NNslack ,2262,, no2263DTno matter2264NNmatter how2265WRBhow equitable2266JJequitable it2267PPit may2268MDmay seem2269VVseem to2270TOto give2271VVgive you2272PPyou some2273DTsome .2274SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]2275LOC[MS. SINZDAK] That2276DTthat 's2277VBZbe exactly2278RBexactly right2279RBright ,2280,, Mr2281NPMr .2282SENT. Chief2283NPChief Justice2284NPJustice .2285SENT. And2286CCand I2287PPI would2288MDwould n't2289RBn't disagree2290VVdisagree with2291INwith that2292DTthat .2293SENT. But2294CCbut ...2295:... but2296CCbut it2297PPit is2298VBZbe that2299DTthat flexibility2300NNflexibility in2301INin what2302WPwhat is2303VBZbe regarded2304VVNregard as2305INas a2306DTa notice2307NNnotice of2308INof appeal2309NNappeal that2310IN/thatthat I2311PPI think2312VVPthink has2313VHZhave translated2314VVNtranslate into2315INinto the2316DTthe EEOC2317NPEEOC context2318NNcontext ,2319,, where2320WRBwhere there2321EXthere is2322VBZbe some2323DTsome flexibility2324NNflexibility in2325INin what2326WPwhat is2327VBZbe regarded2328VVNregard as2329INas an2330DTan adequate2331JJadequate charge2332NNcharge .2333SENT. But2334CCbut what2335WPwhat there2336RBthere is2337VBZbe no2338DTno flexibility2339NNflexibility on2340INon ,2341,, and2342CCand I2343PPI would2344MDwould agree2345VVagree with2346INwith you2347PPyou completely2348RBcompletely ,2349,, because2350INbecause this2351DTthis is2352VBZbe a2353DTa jurisdictional2354JJjurisdictional requirement2355NNrequirement ,2356,, there2357EXthere is2358VBZbe n't2359RBn't flexibility2360NNflexibility on2361INon whether2362INwhether a2363DTa charge2364NNcharge is2365VBZbe required2366VVNrequire .2367SENT. And2368CCand ...2369:... and2370CCand ...2371:... and2372CCand ,2373,, again2374RBagain ,2375,, I2376PPI think2377VVPthink there2378RBthere ...2379:... there2380EXthere 's2381VBZbe multiple2382JJmultiple reasons2383NNSreason for2384INfor that2385DTthat .2386SENT. There2387EXthere 's2388VBZbe a2389DTa long2390JJlong line2391NNline ...2392:... [JUSTICE ALITO]2393LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] But2394CCbut you2395PPyou place2396VVPplace some2397DTsome considerable2398JJconsiderable reliance2399NNreliance on2400INon 2000e-52401JJ2000e-5 (2402(( f2403LSf )2404)) (2405(( 32406LS3 )2407)) ,2408,, the2409DTthe jurisdictional2410JJjurisdictional provision2411NNprovision for2412INfor Title2413NPTitle VII2414NPVII ,2415,, but2416CCbut what2417WPwhat if2418INif that2419WDTthat did2420VVDdo n't2421RBn't exist2422VVexist ,2423,, so2424RBso that2425IN/thatthat a2426DTa plaintiff2427NNplaintiff would2428MDwould have2429VHhave to2430TOto rely2431VVrely solely2432RBsolely on2433INon 13312434CD@card@ ?2435SENT? Would2436MDwould you2437PPyou have2438VHhave the2439DTthe same2440JJsame argument2441NNargument ?2442SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]2443LOC[MS. SINZDAK] It2444PPit would2445MDwould be2446VBbe a2447DTa different2448JJdifferent argument2449NNargument ,2450,, quite2451RBquite candidly2452RBcandidly ,2453,, because2454INbecause we2455PPwe do2456VVPdo have2457VHhave a2458DTa textual2459JJtextual link2460NNlink here2461RBhere between2462INbetween the2463DTthe exhaustion2464NNexhaustion requirement2465NNrequirement and2466CCand explicit2467JJexplicit grant2468NNgrant of2469INof jurisdiction2470NNjurisdiction .2471SENT. But2472CCbut ...2473:... but2474CCbut we2475PPwe know2476VVPknow that2477IN/thatthat when2478WRBwhen Title2479NPTitle VII2480NPVII was2481VBDbe first2482RBfirst enacted2483VVNenact in2484INin 19642485CD@card@ ,2486,, this2487DTthis was2488VBDbe it2489PPit ,2490,, because2491INbecause 2000e-52492JJ2000e-5 (2493(( f2494LSf )2495)) (2496(( 32497LS3 )2498)) was2499VBDbe it2500PPit ,2501,, because2502INbecause 13312503CD@card@ had2504VHDhave this2505DTthis amount2506NNamount in2507INin controversy2508NNcontroversy requirement2509NNrequirement ,2510,, and2511CCand so2512RBso Congress2513NPCongress created2514VVDcreate a2515DTa special2516JJspecial grant2517NNgrant of2518INof jurisdiction2519NNjurisdiction .2520SENT. It2521PPit textually2522RBtextually linked2523VVDlink that2524IN/thatthat to2525TOto the2526DTthe exhaustion2527NNexhaustion requirement2528NNrequirement .2529SENT. And2530CCand I2531PPI do2532VVPdo n't2533RBn't think2534VVthink this2535DTthis Court2536NPCourt has2537VHZhave ever2538RBever held2539VVNhold that2540IN/thatthat 13312541CD@card@ can2542MDcan sort2543RBsort of2544INof be2545VBbe used2546VVNuse as2547INas a2548DTa ...2549:... a2550DTa get2551VVget out2552RPout of2553INof jail2554NNjail free2555JJfree card2556NNcard .2557SENT. In2558RBin ...2559:... you2560PPyou know2561VVPknow ,2562,, the2563DTthe general2564JJgeneral grant2565NNgrant does2566VVZdo not2567RBnot apply2568VVapply where2569WRBwhere a2570DTa specific2571JJspecific remedial2572JJremedial scheme2573NNscheme has2574VHZhave ...2575:... has2576VHZhave demonstrated2577VVNdemonstrate that2578IN/thatthat it2579PPit is2580VBZbe n't2581RBn't available2582JJavailable .2583SENT. And2584CCand we2585PPwe see2586VVPsee that2587IN/thatthat in2588INin Thunder2589NPThunder Basin2590NPBasin .2591SENT. We2592PPwe see2593VVPsee that2594IN/thatthat in2595INin Free2596NPFree Enterprise2597NPEnterprise Fund2598NPFund and2599CCand in2600INin Elgin2601NPElgin ...2602:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]2603LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But2604CCbut since2605INsince it2606PPit ...2607:... [MS. SINZDAK]2608LOC[MS. SINZDAK] ...2609:... where2610WRBwhere the2611DTthe Court2612NPCourt is2613VBZbe looking2614VVGlook at2615INat whether2616INwhether that2617DTthat general2618JJgeneral grant2619NNgrant of2620INof jurisdiction2621NNjurisdiction under2622INunder 13312623CD@card@ has2624VHZhave been2625VBNbe displaced2626VVNdisplace by2627INby a2628DTa specific2629JJspecific remedial2630JJremedial scheme2631NNscheme and2632CCand that2633WDTthat 's2634VBZbe ...2635:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]2636LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] When2637WRBwhen ...2638:... when2639WRBwhen Congress2640NPCongress does2641VVZdo that2642IN/thatthat ,2643,, as2644INas it2645PPit did2646VVDdo in2647INin Social2648NPSocial Security2649NPSecurity Act2650NPAct ,2651,, so2652RBso we2653PPwe have2654VHPhave 4052655CD@card@ and2656CCand it2657PPit says2658VVZsay 13312659CD@card@ is2660VBZbe not2661RBnot available2662JJavailable .2663SENT. So2664RBso ,2665,, when2666WRBwhen Congress2667NPCongress does2668VVZdo n't2669RBn't want2670VVwant 302671CD@card@ ...2672:... 13312673CD@card@ to2674TOto be2675VBbe there2676RBthere ,2677,, it2678PPit says2679VVZsay so2680RBso .2681SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]2682LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I2683PPI ...2684:... I2685PPI do2686VVPdo n't2687RBn't think2688VVthink that2689WDTthat 's2690VBZbe always2691RBalways true2692JJtrue .2693SENT. In2694INin fact2695NNfact ,2696,, again2697RBagain ,2698,, in2699INin Thunder2700NPThunder Basin2701NPBasin ,2702,, it2703PPit was2704VBDbe facially2705RBfacially silent2706JJsilent ,2707,, and2708CCand yet2709RByet this2710DTthis Court2711NPCourt held2712VVDhold that2713IN/thatthat 13312714CD@card@ was2715VBDbe displaced2716VVNdisplace .2717SENT. Even2718RBeven in2719INin some2720DTsome of2721INof this2722DTthis Court2723NPCourt 's2724POS's Social2725NPSocial Security2726NPSecurity Act2727NPAct cases2728NNScase ,2729,, it2730PPit has2731VHZhave said2732VVNsay :2733:: Well2734UHWell ,2735,, this2736DTthis particular2737JJparticular claim2738NNclaim is2739VBZbe n't2740RBn't really2741RBreally covered2742VVNcover by2743INby these2744DTthese explicit2745JJexplicit provisions2746NNSprovision ,2747,, but2748CCbut we2749PPwe do2750VVPdo n't2751RBn't think2752VVthink that2753IN/thatthat Congress2754NPCongress would2755MDwould have2756VHhave wanted2757VVNwant claimants2758NNSclaimant to2759TOto be2760VBbe able2761JJable to2762TOto evade2763VVevade this2764DTthis remedial2765JJremedial scheme2766NNscheme by2767INby using2768VVGuse 13312769CD@card@ .2770SENT. And2771CCand that2772DTthat 's2773VBZbe exactly2774RBexactly ,2775,, again2776RBagain ,2777,, what2778WPwhat we2779PPwe have2780VHPhave ...2781:... what2782WPwhat we2783PPwe have2784VHPhave here2785RBhere .2786SENT. And2787CCand as2788INas we2789PPwe note2790VVPnote ,2791,, it2792PPit 's2793VBZbe not2794RBnot just2795RBjust these2796DTthese more2797RBRmore recent2798JJrecent cases2799NNScase but2800CCbut cases2801NNScase dating2802VVGdate back2803RBback over2804INover 1002805CD@card@ years2806NNSyear ,2807,, that2808WDTthat ...2809:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]2810LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Yes2811NPYes ,2812,, 1002813CD@card@ years2814NNSyear when2815WRBwhen courts2816NNScourt use2817VVPuse expressions2818NNSexpression like2819INlike mandatory2820JJmandatory and2821CCand jurisdictional2822JJjurisdictional .2823SENT. And2824CCand ,2825,, as2826INas you2827PPyou know2828VVPknow ,2829,, this2830DTthis Court2831NPCourt has2832VHZhave said2833VVNsay that2834IN/thatthat courts2835NNScourt have2836VHPhave used2837VVNuse the2838DTthe word2839NNword "2840``" jurisdictional2841JJjurisdictional "2842''" to2843TOto mean2844VVmean many2845JJmany things2846NNSthing ,2847,, too2848RBtoo many2849JJmany things2850NNSthing .2851SENT. And2852CCand this2853DTthis Court2854NPCourt tried2855VVDtry to2856TOto bring2857VVbring some2858DTsome order2859NNorder into2860INinto a2861DTa division2862NNdivision between2863INbetween claim2864NNclaim processing2865NNprocessing rules2866NNSrule and2867CCand jurisdictional2868JJjurisdictional rules2869NNSrule .2870SENT. And2871CCand your2872PP$your argument2873NNargument seems2874VVZseem to2875TOto want2876VVwant us2877PPus to2878TOto back2879VVback away2880RPaway from2881INfrom that2882DTthat division2883NNdivision .2884SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]2885LOC[MS. SINZDAK] No2886NPNo ,2887,, absolutely2888RBabsolutely not2889RBnot .2890SENT. Our2891PP$our argument2892NNargument is2893VBZbe that2894IN/thatthat this2895DTthis type2896NNtype of2897INof exhaustion2898NNexhaustion requirement2899NNrequirement fundamentally2900RBfundamentally affects2901VVZaffect the2902DTthe power2903NNpower of2904INof the2905DTthe courts2906NNScourt because2907INbecause it2908PPit ...2909:... Congress2910NPCongress ,2911,, rather2912RBrather than2913INthan vesting2914VVGvest power2915NNpower in2916INin the2917DTthe courts2918NNScourt ,2919,, Congress2920NPCongress vests2921NNSvest power2922NNpower in2923INin the2924DTthe administrative2925JJadministrative agents2926NNSagent ...2927:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2928LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Can2929MDcan you2930PPyou imagine2931VVimagine any2932DTany administrative2933JJadministrative scheme2934NNscheme that2935WDTthat would2936MDwould not2937RBnot be2938VBbe jurisdictional2939JJjurisdictional ?2940SENT? You2941PPyou seem2942VVPseem to2943TOto imply2944VVimply that2945IN/thatthat we2946PPwe were2947VBDbe wrong2948JJwrong in2949INin ...2950:... in2951INin Reed2952NPReed Elsevier2953NPElsevier and2954CCand in2955INin Homer2956NPHomer City2957NPCity because2958INbecause ,2959,, in2960INin both2961DTboth of2962INof them2963PPthem ,2964,, there2965EXthere were2966VBDbe administrative2967JJadministrative processes2968NNSprocess and2969CCand yet2970RByet we2971PPwe did2972VVDdo n't2973RBn't find2974VVfind their2975PP$their preconditions2976NNSprecondition to2977TOto be2978VBbe jurisdictional2979JJjurisdictional .2980SENT. So2981RBso tell2982VVtell me2983PPme ,2984,, I2985PPI think2986VVPthink your2987PP$your ...2988:... it2989PPit 's2990VBZbe a2991DTa new2992JJnew rule2993NNrule ,2994,, I2995PPI have2996VHPhave never2997RBnever seen2998VVNsee us2999PPus say3000VVPsay it3001PPit ,3002,, if3003INif you3004PPyou have3005VHPhave to3006TOto exhaust3007VVexhaust ,3008,, it3009PPit 's3010VBZbe always3011RBalways jurisdictional3012JJjurisdictional if3013INif you3014PPyou do3015VVPdo n't3016RBn't ?3017SENT? And3018CCand why3019WRBwhy does3020VVZdo Congress3021NPCongress bother3022VVbother writing3023VVGwrite into3024INinto statutes3025NNSstatute something3026NNsomething like3027INlike they3028PPthey did3029VVDdo in3030INin Thunder3031NPThunder Basin3032NPBasin ,3033,, where3034WRBwhere they3035PPthey said3036VVDsay ,3037,, if3038INif you3039PPyou do3040VVPdo n't3041RBn't raise3042VVraise something3043NNsomething before3044INbefore the3045DTthe agency3046NNagency ,3047,, the3048DTthe Court3049NPCourt can3050MDcan 't3051RB't consider3052VVconsider it3053PPit ?3054SENT? Why3055WRBwhy bother3056VVPbother with3057INwith that3058DTthat ?3059SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]3060LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Sure3061NPSure .3062SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]3063LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] That3064DTthat 's3065VBZbe what3066WPwhat you3067PPyou 're3068VBPbe saying3069VVGsay now3070RBnow .3071SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]3072LOC[MS. SINZDAK] No3073NPNo ,3074,, we're3075NNwe're ...3076:... we3077PPwe 're3078VBPbe absolutely3079RBabsolutely not3080RBnot saying3081VVGsay that3082DTthat .3083SENT. We3084PPwe 're3085VBPbe not3086RBnot saying3087VVGsay that3088IN/thatthat every3089DTevery single3090JJsingle type3091NNtype of3092INof exhaustion3093NNexhaustion requirement3094NNrequirement out3095INout there3096RBthere ,3097,, whether3098INwhether it3099PPit 's3100VBZbe about3101RBabout notice-and-comment3102NNnotice-and-comment rulemaking3103VVGrulemak or3104CCor state3105NNstate administrative3106JJadministrative procedures3107NNSprocedure or3108CCor whether3109INwhether it3110PPit 's3111VBZbe a3112DTa statute3113NNstatute that3114WDTthat makes3115VVZmake clear3116JJclear that3117IN/thatthat the3118DTthe administrative3119JJadministrative scheme3120NNscheme is3121VBZbe not3122RBnot exclusive3123JJexclusive ,3124,, any3125DTany of3126INof that3127DTthat ,3128,, no3129UHno ,3130,, no3131UHno ,3132,, you3133PPyou got3134VVDget to3135TOto ...3136:... you3137PPyou know3138VVPknow ,3139,, the3140DTthe exhaustion3141NNexhaustion requirement3142NNrequirement is3143VBZbe jurisdictional3144JJjurisdictional .3145SENT. No3146UHNo ,3147,, we3148PPwe 're3149VBPbe saying3150VVGsay that3151IN/thatthat when3152WRBwhen Congress3153NPCongress sets3154VVZset out3155RPout a3156DTa scheme3157NNscheme that3158WDTthat is3159VBZbe clearly3160RBclearly designed3161VVNdesign to3162TOto be3163VBbe the3164DTthe exclusive3165JJexclusive scheme3166NNscheme for3167INfor individualized3168VVNindividualize resolution3169NNresolution of3170INof claims3171NNSclaim ,3172,, that3173IN/thatthat this3174DTthis Court3175NPCourt has3176VHZhave held3177VVNhold ...3178:... and3179CCand this3180DTthis is3181VBZbe n't3182RBn't a3183DTa new3184JJnew rule3185NNrule ...3186:... this3187DTthis Court3188NPCourt has3189VHZhave repeatedly3190RBrepeatedly held3191VVNhold that3192IN/thatthat ,3193,, when3194WRBwhen it3195PPit does3196VVZdo that3197IN/thatthat ,3198,, it3199PPit does3200VVZdo n't3201RBn't leave3202VVleave the3203DTthe courtroom3204NNcourtroom door3205NNdoor open3206RBopen so3207RBso that3208IN/thatthat litigants3209NNSlitigant may3210MDmay evade3211VVevade that3212DTthat careful3213JJcareful scheme3214NNscheme by3215INby going3216VVGgo directly3217RBdirectly to3218TOto the3219DTthe courts3220NNScourt .3221SENT. And3222CCand ,3223,, again3224RBagain ,3225,, that3226WDTthat 's3227VBZbe not3228RBnot a3229DTa new3230JJnew rule3231NNrule .3232SENT. That3233DTthat 's3234VBZbe what3235WPwhat this3236DTthis Court3237NPCourt has3238VHZhave been3239VBNbe saying3240VVGsay since3241INsince as3242RBas far3243RBfar as3244INas back3245RBback as3246RBas ...3247:... as3248INas Texas3249NPTexas and3250CCand Pacific3251NPPacific Railway3252NPRailway in3253INin 19073254CD@card@ .3255SENT. It3256PPit was3257VBDbe saying3258VVGsay it3259PPit about3260INabout the3261DTthe NLRA3262NPNLRA ,3263,, which3264WDTwhich is3265VBZbe ...3266:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]3267LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] The3268DTthe NLRA3269NPNLRA is3270VBZbe an3271DTan adjudicatory3272JJadjudicatory body3273NNbody ,3274,, and3275CCand then3276RBthen it3277PPit goes3278VVZgo to3279TOto a3280DTa court3281NNcourt of3282INof appeals3283NNSappeal that3284WDTthat reviews3285VVZreview the3286DTthe decision3287NNdecision .3288SENT. And3289CCand this3290DTthis is3291VBZbe just3292RBjust ...3293:... the3294DTthe EEOC3295NPEEOC does3296VVZdo n't3297RBn't have3298VHhave that3299DTthat kind3300NNkind of3301INof authority3302NNauthority .3303SENT. The3304DTthe EEOC3305NPEEOC can3306MDcan 't3307RB't adjudicate3308VVPadjudicate anything3309NNanything .3310SENT. It3311PPit can3312MDcan 't3313RB't make3314VVmake any3315DTany findings3316NNSfinding .3317SENT. It3318PPit can3319MDcan resolve3320VVresolve something3321NNsomething only3322RBonly if3323INif the3324DTthe parties3325NNSparty ,3326,, both3327CCboth sides3328NNSside ,3329,, agree3330VVPagree to3331TOto it3332PPit .3333SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]3334LOC[MS. SINZDAK] So3335RBso ,3336,, Justice3337NPJustice Ginsburg3338NPGinsburg ,3339,, the3340DTthe NLRA3341NPNLRA has3342VHZhave been3343VBNbe repeatedly3344RBrepeatedly looked3345VVNlook to3346TOto as3347INas the3348DTthe model3349NNmodel for3350INfor Title3351NPTitle ...3352:... Title3353NPTitle VII3354NPVII 's3355POS's remedial3356JJremedial provisions3357NNSprovision .3358SENT. And3359CCand ,3360,, in3361INin fact3362NNfact ,3363,, in3364INin Zipes3365NPZipes ,3366,, this3367DTthis Court3368NPCourt held3369VVDhold that3370IN/thatthat the3371DTthe NLRA3372NPNLRA 's3373POS's timely3374JJtimely filing3375NNfiling requirement3376NNrequirement was3377VBDbe not3378RBnot jurisdictional3379JJjurisdictional ,3380,, and3381CCand that3382WDTthat was3383VBDbe good3384JJgood evidence3385NNevidence for3386INfor why3387WRBwhy Title3388NPTitle VII3389NPVII 's3390POS's timely3391JJtimely filing3392NNfiling requirement3393NNrequirement should3394MDshould be3395VBbe non-jurisdictional3396JJnon-jurisdictional .3397SENT. Now3398RBnow that3399DTthat was3400VBDbe ...3401:... you3402PPyou know3403VVPknow ,3404,, the3405DTthe NLRA3406NPNLRA scheme3407NNscheme there3408RBthere was3409VBDbe adjudicative3410JJadjudicative ,3411,, but3412CCbut the3413DTthe Court3414NPCourt did3415VVDdo n't3416RBn't think3417VVthink that3418DTthat difference3419NNdifference was3420VBDbe ...3421:... was3422VBDbe significant3423JJsignificant .3424SENT. And3425CCand it3426PPit 's3427VBZbe not3428RBnot significant3429JJsignificant in3430INin this3431DTthis case3432NNcase either3433CCeither because3434INbecause what3435WPwhat is3436VBZbe important3437JJimportant is3438VBZbe that3439IN/thatthat Congress3440NPCongress empowered3441VVDempower the3442DTthe agency3443NNagency ,3444,, not3445RBnot the3446DTthe courts3447NNScourt ,3448,, to3449TOto address3450VVaddress the3451DTthe ...3452:... to3453TOto address3454VVaddress Title3455NPTitle VII3456NPVII claims3457VVZclaim in3458INin the3459DTthe first3460JJfirst instance3461NNinstance .3462SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]3463LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But3464CCbut not3465RBnot to3466TOto resolve3467VVresolve it3468PPit ,3469,, not3470RBnot to3471TOto resolve3472VVresolve it3473PPit .3474SENT. And3475CCand that3476DTthat 's3477VBZbe an3478DTan enormous3479JJenormous difference3480NNdifference between3481INbetween Social3482NPSocial Security3483NPSecurity Administration3484NPAdministration or3485CCor the3486DTthe NLRB3487NPNLRB .3488SENT. They3489PPthey decide3490VVPdecide a3491DTa case3492NNcase in3493INin the3494DTthe first3495JJfirst instance3496NNinstance .3497SENT. A3498DTa court3499NNcourt then3500RBthen reviews3501VVZreview it3502PPit .3503SENT. Here3504RBhere ,3505,, the3506DTthe EEOC3507NPEEOC can3508MDcan 't3509RB't decide3510VVPdecide anything3511NNanything .3512SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]3513LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I3514PPI do3515VVPdo n't3516RBn't think3517VVthink decision3518NNdecision can3519MDcan be3520VBbe key3521JJkey ,3522,, and3523CCand that3524DTthat 's3525VBZbe because3526INbecause of3527INof this3528DTthis Court3529NPCourt 's3530POS's decision3531NNdecision in3532INin Elgin3533NPElgin .3534SENT. In3535INin Elgin3536NPElgin ,3537,, the3538DTthe Court3539NPCourt acknowledged3540VVDacknowledge that3541IN/thatthat it3542PPit was3543VBDbe very3544RBvery possible3545JJpossible that3546IN/thatthat the3547DTthe agency3548NNagency had3549VHDhave no3550DTno authority3551NNauthority to3552TOto decide3553VVdecide the3554DTthe constitutional3555JJconstitutional claims3556NNSclaim at3557INat stake3558NNstake there3559RBthere .3560SENT. But3561CCbut ,3562,, nonetheless3563RBnonetheless ,3564,, the3565DTthe Court3566NPCourt held3567VVDhold that3568IN/thatthat it3569PPit was3570VBDbe a3571DTa jurisdictional3572JJjurisdictional rule3573NNrule ...3574:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]3575LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] But3576CCbut you3577PPyou had3578VHDhave to3579TOto go3580VVgo there3581RBthere first3582JJfirst ,3583,, even3584RBeven though3585INthough you3586PPyou might3587MDmight have3588VHhave a3589DTa constitutional3590JJconstitutional question3591NNquestion ,3592,, and3593CCand the3594DTthe court3595NNcourt carefully3596RBcarefully explained3597VVDexplain that3598IN/thatthat the3599DTthe court3600NNcourt might3601MDmight ...3602:... the3603DTthe case3604NNcase might3605MDmight drop3606VVdrop out3607RPout on3608INon another3609DTanother ground3610NNground and3611CCand ,3612,, therefore3613RBtherefore ,3614,, the3615DTthe court3616NNcourt would3617MDwould never3618RBnever have3619VHhave to3620TOto get3621VVget to3622TOto the3623DTthe constitutional3624JJconstitutional question3625NNquestion .3626SENT. So3627RBso ,3628,, Social3629NPSocial Security3630NPSecurity ,3631,, you3632PPyou have3633VHPhave to3634TOto go3635VVgo before3636INbefore the3637DTthe agency3638NNagency first3639RBfirst ,3640,, you3641PPyou may3642MDmay be3643VBbe ...3644:... you3645PPyou may3646MDmay have3647VHhave a3648DTa constitutional3649JJconstitutional question3650NNquestion ,3651,, but3652CCbut it3653PPit may3654MDmay be3655VBbe that3656IN/thatthat you3657PPyou do3658VVPdo n't3659RBn't qualify3660VVqualify because3661INbecause of3662INof one3663CDone of3664INof the3665DTthe statutory3666JJstatutory grounds3667NNSground .3668SENT. And3669CCand that3670DTthat 's3671VBZbe what3672WPwhat the3673DTthe agency3674NNagency can3675MDcan adjudicate3676VVadjudicate and3677CCand must3678MDmust do3679VVdo before3680INbefore the3681DTthe court3682NNcourt can3683MDcan consider3684VVconsider the3685DTthe case3686NNcase .3687SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]3688LOC[MS. SINZDAK] And3689CCand ...3690:... and3691CCand that3692DTthat 's3693VBZbe exactly3694RBexactly right3695JJright .3696SENT. What3697WPWhat this3698DTthis Court3699NPCourt was3700VBDbe concerned3701VVNconcern with3702INwith was3703VBDbe the3704DTthe fact3705NNfact that3706IN/thatthat a3707DTa case3708NNcase or3709CCor a3710DTa claim3711NNclaim might3712MDmight be3713VBbe fully3714RBfully resolved3715VVNresolve before3716INbefore the3717DTthe judicial3718JJjudicial ...3719:... the3720DTthe judicial3721JJjudicial branch3722NNbranch had3723VHDhave to3724TOto weigh3725VVweigh in3726INin .3727SENT. And3728CCand that3729DTthat 's3730VBZbe exactly3731RBexactly what3732WPwhat we3733PPwe have3734VHPhave here3735RBhere .3736SENT. Congress3737NPCongress created3738VVDcreate a3739DTa scheme3740NNscheme that3741WDTthat limited3742VVDlimit the3743DTthe jurisdiction3744NNjurisdiction of3745INof the3746DTthe ...3747:... of3748INof the3749DTthe judiciary3750NNjudiciary by3751INby giving3752VVGgive authority3753NNauthority first3754JJfirst to3755TOto an3756DTan agency3757NNagency that3758WDTthat would3759MDwould resolve3760VVresolve some3761DTsome of3762INof the3763DTthe claims3764NNSclaim so3765RBso that3766IN/thatthat the3767DTthe judiciary3768NNjudiciary never3769RBnever has3770VHZhave to3771TOto pass3772VVpass on3773INon it3774PPit .3775SENT. [JUSTICE GINSBURG]3776LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Not3777RBnot resolve3778VVresolve any3779DTany legal3780JJlegal question3781NNquestion ,3782,, nothing3783NNnothing ,3784,, it3785PPit ...3786:... it3787PPit can3788MDcan only3789RBonly be3790VBbe ...3791:... has3792VHZhave a3793DTa conciliation3794NNconciliation role3795NNrole .3796SENT. It3797PPit can3798MDcan do3799VVdo that3800IN/thatthat ,3801,, but3802CCbut to3803TOto conciliate3804VVconciliate ,3805,, both3806CCboth parties3807NNSparty have3808VHPhave to3809TOto say3810VVsay yes3811UHyes .3812SENT. It3813PPit can3814MDcan 't3815RB't decide3816VVdecide any3817DTany disputed3818JJdisputed issue3819NNissue .3820SENT. You3821PPyou would3822MDwould agree3823VVagree to3824TOto that3825DTthat ?3826SENT? The3827DTthe EEOC3828NPEEOC has3829VHZhave no3830DTno authority3831NNauthority to3832TOto decide3833VVdecide an3834DTan issue3835NNissue that3836IN/thatthat the3837DTthe parties3838NNSparty dispute3839NNdispute .3840SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]3841LOC[MS. SINZDAK] There3842RBthere 's3843POS's de3844NPde novo3845NNnovo review3846NNreview of3847INof what3848WPwhat the3849DTthe EEOC3850NPEEOC does3851VVZdo decide3852VVdecide ,3853,, which3854WDTwhich is3855VBZbe cause3856NNcause or3857CCor no3858DTno cause3859NNcause .3860SENT. I3861PPI would3862MDwould also3863RBalso say3864VVsay it3865PPit 's3866VBZbe performing3867VVGperform a3868DTa very3869RBvery effective3870JJeffective funneling3871VVGfunnel function3872NNfunction regardless3873RBregardless .3874SENT. I3875PPI think3876VVPthink that3877DTthat ...3878:... that3879IN/thatthat in3880INin ...3881:... in3882INin around3883RBaround ...3884:... in3885INin 20163886CD@card@ ,3887,, the3888DTthe EEOC3889NPEEOC had3890VHDhave about3891RBabout 70,0003892CD@card@ claims3893NNSclaim ,3894,, and3895CCand Lexis3896NPLexis estimates3897VVZestimate that3898IN/thatthat there3899EXthere are3900VBPbe about3901RBabout 7,0003902CD@card@ EEOC3903NPEEOC suits3904NNSsuit .3905SENT. So3906RBso it3907PPit is3908VBZbe performing3909VVGperform a3910DTa function3911NNfunction ...3912:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3913LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] As3914INas a3915DTa ...3916:... [MS. SINZDAK]3917LOC[MS. SINZDAK] ...3918:... exactly3919RBexactly the3920DTthe funneling3921VVGfunnel function3922NNfunction .3923SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]3924LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] ...3925:... as3926INas a3927DTa ...3928:... as3929INas a3930DTa practical3931JJpractical matter3932NNmatter ,3933,, that3934WDTthat will3935MDwill still3936RBstill be3937VBbe true3938JJtrue so3939RBso long3940RBlong as3941INas defendants3942NNSdefendant raise3943VVPraise the3944DTthe argument3945NNargument that3946IN/thatthat something3947NNsomething has3948VHZhave not3949RBnot been3950VBNbe properly3951RBproperly exhausted3952VVNexhaust .3953SENT. And3954CCand on3955INon the3956DTthe practical3957JJpractical implications3958NNSimplication ,3959,, would3960MDwould n't3961RBn't your3962PP$your rule3963NNrule put3964VVDput a3965DTa new3966JJnew burden3967NNburden on3968INon courts3969NNScourt to3970TOto look3971VVlook through3972INthrough the3973DTthe record3974NNrecord to3975TOto make3976VVmake sure3977RBsure each3978DTeach claim3979NNclaim was3980VBDbe specifically3981RBspecifically exhausted3982VVNexhaust ,3983,, and3984CCand is3985VBZbe n't3986RBn't that3987DTthat very3988RBvery fact-bound3989JJfact-bound ,3990,, and3991CCand why3992WRBwhy should3993MDshould n't3994RBn't the3995DTthe courts3996NNScourt be3997VBbe able3998JJable to3999TOto rely4000VVrely on4001INon defendants4002NNSdefendant to4003TOto do4004VVdo that4005IN/thatthat in4006INin the4007DTthe first4008JJfirst instance4009NNinstance ,4010,, rather4011RBrather than4012INthan doing4013VVGdo it4014PPit themselves4015PPthemselves in4016INin each4017DTeach and4018CCand every4019DTevery case4020NNcase ?4021SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4022LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I4023PPI think4024VVPthink because4025INbecause the4026DTthe incentives4027NNSincentive of4028INof the4029DTthe ...4030:... that4031IN/thatthat a4032DTa defendant4033NNdefendant has4034VHZhave are4035VBPbe n't4036RBn't precisely4037RBprecisely aligned4038VVNalign with4039INwith the4040DTthe system-related4041JJsystem-related goals4042NNSgoal that4043IN/thatthat the4044DTthe exhaustion4045NNexhaustion requirement4046NNrequirement is4047VBZbe vindicating4048VVGvindicate .4049SENT. And4050CCand so4051RBso there4052EXthere are4053VBPbe going4054VVGgo to4055TOto be4056VBbe instances4057NNSinstance where4058WRBwhere defendants4059NNSdefendant are4060VBPbe n't4061RBn't raising4062VVGraise the4063DTthe exhaustion4064NNexhaustion requirement4065NNrequirement .4066SENT. There4067EXthere are4068VBPbe actually4069RBactually lots4070NNSlot of4071INof cases4072NNScase where4073WRBwhere courts4074NNScourt ...4075:... in4076INin the4077DTthe circuits4078NNScircuit where4079WRBwhere it4080PPit is4081VBZbe jurisdictional4082JJjurisdictional have4083VHPhave to4084TOto address4085VVaddress it4086PPit sua4087NNsua sponte4088NNsponte .4089SENT. And4090CCand Congress4091NPCongress intended4092VVDintend ...4093:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]4094LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Why4095WRBwhy would4096MDwould a4097DTa defendant4098NNdefendant not4099RBnot want4100VVPwant to4101TOto raise4102VVraise an4103DTan objection4104NNobjection that4105IN/thatthat results4106NNSresult in4107INin dismissal4108NNdismissal of4109INof the4110DTthe case4111NNcase ?4112SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4113LOC[MS. SINZDAK] It4114PPit won4115MDwill 't4116RB't always4117RBalways result4118VVresult ...4119:... well4120UHwell ,4121,, it4122PPit will4123MDwill result4124VVresult in4125INin dismissal4126NNdismissal of4127INof the4128DTthe case4129NNcase ,4130,, but4131CCbut it4132PPit may4133MDmay be4134VBbe that4135IN/thatthat the4136DTthe ...4137:... the4138DTthe employee4139NNemployee might4140MDmight be4141VBbe able4142JJable to4143TOto go4144VVgo back4145RBback to4146TOto the4147DTthe ...4148:... to4149TOto the4150DTthe EEOC4151NPEEOC ,4152,, exhaust4153NNexhaust ,4154,, and4155CCand then4156RBthen return4157VVreturn to4158TOto court4159NNcourt .4160SENT. So4161RBso ,4162,, in4163INin that4164DTthat instance4165NNinstance ,4166,, of4167INof course4168NNcourse ...4169:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]4170LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Is4171VBZbe n't4172RBn't there4173RBthere a4174DTa time4175NNtime problem4176NNproblem with4177INwith doing4178VVGdo that4179DTthat ?4180SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4181LOC[MS. SINZDAK] There4182RBthere may4183MDmay or4184CCor may4185MDmay not4186RBnot be4187VBbe .4188SENT. If4189INif this4190DTthis system4191NNsystem is4192VBZbe functioning4193VVGfunction effectively4194RBeffectively such4195JJsuch that4196IN/thatthat when4197WRBwhen ,4198,, for4199INfor example4200NNexample ,4201,, a4202DTa pro4203FWpro se4204FWse litigant4205JJlitigant files4206NNSfile a4207DTa suit4208NNsuit without4209INwithout having4210VHGhave gone4211VVNgo to4212TOto the4213DTthe EEOC4214NPEEOC ,4215,, that4216WDTthat ...4217:... that4218IN/thatthat it4219PPit will4220MDwill be4221VBbe promptly4222RBpromptly dismissed4223VVNdismiss ,4224,, there4225EXthere 's4226VBZbe 1804227CD@card@ days4228NNSday and4229CCand there4230EXthere 's4231VBZbe equitable4232JJequitable tolling4233VVGtoll .4234SENT. So4235RBso ...4236:... so4237RBso ...4238:... so4239RBso ...4240:... and4241CCand in4242INin some4243DTsome circumstances4244NNScircumstance ,4245,, there4246EXthere 's4247VBZbe actually4248RBactually 3004249CD@card@ days4250NNSday .4251SENT. So4252INso the4253DTthe idea4254NNidea that4255IN/thatthat this4256DTthis will4257MDwill just4258RBjust ...4259:... that4260IN/thatthat every4261DTevery time4262NNtime if4263INif ...4264:... if4265INif an4266DTan employer4267NNemployer raises4268VVZraise it4269PPit right4270RBright at4271INat the4272DTthe outset4273NNoutset that4274IN/thatthat it4275PPit will4276MDwill just4277RBjust get4278VVget rid4279JJrid of4280INof the4281DTthe suit4282NNsuit ...4283:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]4284LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Well4285UHWell ,4286,, but4287CCbut the4288DTthe EEOC4289NPEEOC procedure4290NNprocedure is4291VBZbe likely4292JJlikely to4293TOto be4294VBbe a4295DTa real4296JJreal waste4297NNwaste of4298INof time4299NNtime .4300SENT. I4301PPI mean4302VVPmean ,4303,, here4304RBhere ,4305,, the4306DTthe parties4307NNSparty have4308VHPhave been4309VBNbe litigating4310VVGlitigate for4311INfor how4312WRBhow long4313RBlong ?4314SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4315LOC[MS. SINZDAK] At4316INat least4317JJSleast five4318CDfive years4319NNSyear .4320SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]4321LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Five4322CDFive years4323NNSyear .4324SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]4325LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Although4326INalthough ,4327,, actually4328RBactually ...4329:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]4330LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] And4331CCand now4332RBnow ...4333:... and4334CCand now4335RBnow you4336PPyou would4337MDwould have4338VHhave them4339PPthem ...4340:... assuming4341VVGassume you4342PPyou can4343MDcan get4344VVget through4345INthrough the4346DTthe time4347NNtime barriers4348NNSbarrier ,4349,, you4350PPyou would4351MDwould have4352VHhave them4353PPthem go4354VVgo back4355RBback and4356CCand say4357VVsay ,4358,, well4359UHwell ,4360,, let4361VVlet 's4362VBZbe go4363VVgo back4364RBback to4365TOto the4366DTthe EEOC4367NPEEOC and4368CCand see4369VVsee if4370INif we4371PPwe can4372MDcan work4373VVwork this4374DTthis thing4375NNthing out4376RPout .4377SENT. There4378EXthere have4379VHPhave been4380VBNbe ...4381:... there4382EXthere 's4383VHZhave been4384VBNbe a4385DTa lot4386NNlot of4387INof time4388NNtime and4389CCand energy4390NNenergy invested4391VVNinvest in4392INin trying4393VVGtry to4394TOto win4395VVwin as4396RBas opposed4397VVNoppose to4398TOto resolve4399VVresolve it4400PPit .4401SENT. There4402EXthere 'd4403MDwould be4404VBbe no4405RBno ...4406:... there4407EXthere 'd4408MDwould be4409VBbe no4410DTno real4411JJreal purpose4412NNpurpose in4413INin sending4414VVGsend it4415PPit back4416RBback to4417TOto the4418DTthe EEOC4419NPEEOC in4420INin this4421DTthis case4422NNcase .4423SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]4424LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Well4425UHwell ,4426,, I4427PPI think4428VVPthink this4429DTthis is4430VBZbe a4431DTa marginal4432JJmarginal case4433NNcase .4434SENT. And4435CCand ,4436,, of4437INof course4438NNcourse ,4439,, the4440DTthe question4441NNquestion is4442VBZbe what4443WPwhat Congress4444NPCongress intended4445VVDintend ,4446,, not4447RBnot what4448WPwhat might4449MDmight happen4450VVhappen in4451INin this4452DTthis specific4453JJspecific case4454NNcase ,4455,, which4456WDTwhich is4457VBZbe very4458RBvery rare4459JJrare as4460RBas far4461RBfar as4462INas we4463PPwe can4464MDcan tell4465VVtell .4466SENT. There4467EXthere are4468VBPbe only4469RBonly two4470CDtwo other4471JJother examples4472NNSexample that4473IN/thatthat Respondents4474NNSrespondent have4475VHPhave been4476VBNbe able4477JJable to4478TOto point4479VVpoint to4480TOto where4481WRBwhere anything4482NNanything like4483INlike this4484DTthis has4485VHZhave happened4486VVNhappen .4487SENT. One4488PPone 's4489VBZbe from4490INfrom 19824491CD@card@ and4492CCand one4493CDone 's4494VBZbe from4495INfrom 20004496CD@card@ .4497SENT. So4498RBso this4499DTthis is4500VBZbe n't4501RBn't something4502NNsomething that4503WDTthat 's4504VBZbe coming4505VVGcome up4506RPup all4507PDTall the4508DTthe time4509NNtime .4510SENT. But4511CCbut even4512RBeven if4513INif it4514PPit were4515VBDbe ,4516,, the4517DTthe question4518NNquestion is4519VBZbe ,4520,, what4521WPwhat did4522VVDdo Congress4523NPCongress dictate4524NNdictate ?4525SENT? Did4526VVDdo Congress4527NPCongress say4528VVPsay that4529IN/thatthat this4530DTthis was4531VBDbe jurisdictional4532JJjurisdictional ?4533SENT? And4534CCand we4535PPwe 've4536VHPhave pointed4537VVNpoint out4538RPout that4539IN/thatthat the4540DTthe text4541NNtext ,4542,, the4543DTthe structure4544NNstructure ,4545,, the4546DTthe purposes4547NNSpurpose ,4548,, all4549RBall demonstrate4550VVPdemonstrate that4551IN/thatthat it4552PPit did4553VVDdo .4554SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]4555LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] If4556INif it4557PPit had4558VHDhave passed4559VVNpass this4560DTthis legislation4561NNlegislation after4562INafter 20064563CD@card@ ,4564,, it4565PPit seems4566VVZseem to4567TOto be4568VBbe about4569INabout the4570DTthe time4571NNtime we4572PPwe adopted4573VVDadopt a4574DTa much4575RBmuch more4576RBRmore focused4577VVNfocus understanding4578NNunderstanding of4579INof jurisdictional4580JJjurisdictional ,4581,, requiring4582VVGrequire a4583DTa pretty4584RBpretty clear4585JJclear statement4586NNstatement ,4587,, you4588PPyou really4589RBreally would4590MDwould n't4591RBn't have4592VHhave much4593JJmuch of4594INof a4595DTa case4596NNcase ,4597,, would4598MDwould you4599PPyou ?4600SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4601LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I4602PPI ...4603:... I4604PPI do4605VVPdo n't4606RBn't think4607VVthink that4608WDTthat 's4609VBZbe correct4610JJcorrect .4611SENT. Again4612RBagain ,4613,, I4614PPI think4615VVPthink there4616EXthere is4617VBZbe ...4618:... that4619IN/thatthat the4620DTthe text4621NNtext makes4622VVZmake it4623PPit pretty4624RBpretty clear4625JJclear .4626SENT. I4627PPI also4628RBalso think4629VVPthink that4630IN/thatthat from4631INfrom 20064632CD@card@ on4633RBon ,4634,, the4635DTthe Court4636NPCourt has4637VHZhave regularly4638RBregularly recognized4639VVNrecognize that4640IN/thatthat the4641DTthe clear4642JJclear statement4643NNstatement rule4644NNrule applies4645VVZapply to4646TOto the4647DTthe extent4648NNextent it4649PPit accurately4650RBaccurately reflects4651VVZreflect congressional4652JJcongressional intent4653NNintent ,4654,, which4655WDTwhich means4656VVZmean that4657IN/thatthat when4658WRBwhen a4659DTa long4660JJlong line4661NNline of4662INof this4663DTthis Court4664NPCourt 's4665POS's precedent4666NNprecedent ,4667,, undisturbed4668JJundisturbed by4669INby Congress4670NPCongress ,4671,, treats4672VVZtreat a4673DTa particular4674JJparticular type4675NNtype of4676INof statutory4677JJstatutory condition4678NNcondition as4679INas jurisdictional4680JJjurisdictional ,4681,, the4682DTthe Court4683NPCourt will4684MDwill presume4685VVpresume that4686IN/thatthat it4687PPit follows4688VVZfollow suit4689NNsuit .4690SENT. And4691CCand as4692INas we4693PPwe 've4694VHPhave pointed4695VVNpoint to4696TOto ,4697,, there4698EXthere is4699VBZbe a4700DTa long4701JJlong line4702NNline of4703INof this4704DTthis Court4705NPCourt 's4706POS's precedent4707NNprecedent that4708WDTthat establishes4709VVZestablish that4710IN/thatthat when4711WRBwhen Congress4712NPCongress creates4713VVZcreate an4714DTan intricate4715JJintricate scheme4716NNscheme of4717INof administrative4718JJadministrative and4719CCand then4720RBthen judicial4721JJjudicial review4722NNreview ,4723,, it4724PPit generally4725RBgenerally intends4726VVZintend that4727IN/thatthat to4728TOto 34729CD3 be4730VBbe ...4731:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4732LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] How4733WRBHow do4734VVPdo you4735PPyou distinguish4736VVdistinguish ...4737:... [MS. SINZDAK]4738LOC[MS. SINZDAK] ...4739:... exclusive4740JJexclusive .4741SENT. [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4742LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] Sorry4743RBsorry .4744SENT. How4745WRBHow do4746VVPdo you4747PPyou distinguish4748VVdistinguish EME4749NPEME Homer4750NPHomer on4751INon that4752DTthat point4753NNpoint ?4754SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4755LOC[MS. SINZDAK] EME4756NPEME Homer4757NPHomer is4758VBZbe about4759RBabout notice4760NNnotice and4761CCand comment4762NNcomment review4763NNreview .4764SENT. It4765PPit is4766VBZbe n't4767RBn't about4768RBabout ...4769:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4770LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] But4771CCbut it4772PPit 's4773VBZbe about4774RBabout a4775DTa scheme4776NNscheme designed4777VVNdesign to4778TOto make4779VVmake sure4780JJsure that4781IN/thatthat the4782DTthe claim4783NNclaim or4784CCor the4785DTthe issue4786NNissue ...4787:... I4788PPI should4789MDshould n't4790RBn't say4791VVsay claim4792NNclaim ...4793:... the4794DTthe issue4795NNissue is4796VBZbe first4797RBfirst raised4798VVNraise to4799TOto the4800DTthe agency4801NNagency ,4802,, with4803INwith the4804DTthe idea4805NNidea that4806IN/thatthat the4807DTthe agency4808NNagency would4809MDwould then4810RBthen take4811VVtake that4812IN/thatthat into4813INinto account4814NNaccount .4815SENT. [MS. SINZDAK]4816LOC[MS. SINZDAK] I4817PPI think4818VVPthink ,4819,, in4820RBin ...4821:... in4822INin this4823DTthis case4824NNcase and4825CCand in4826INin all4827DTall of4828INof the4829DTthe examples4830NNSexample we4831PPwe 've4832VHPhave cited4833VVNcite ,4834,, what4835WPwhat we4836PPwe 're4837VBPbe talking4838VVGtalk about4839RBabout in4840INin terms4841NNSterm of4842INof administrative4843JJadministrative review4844NNreview provisions4845NNSprovision is4846VBZbe individualized4847VVNindividualize claim4848NNclaim resolution4849NNresolution provisions4850NNSprovision .4851SENT. So4852RBso ,4853,, once4854RBonce you4855PPyou have4856VHPhave a4857DTa claim4858NNclaim ,4859,, what4860WPwhat do4861VVPdo you4862PPyou ...4863:... where4864WRBwhere do4865VVPdo you4866PPyou go4867VVgo ?4868SENT? Do4869VVPdo you4870PPyou need4871VVPneed to4872TOto go4873VVgo to4874TOto the4875DTthe agency4876NNagency ,4877,, or4878CCor can4879MDcan you4880PPyou go4881VVgo directly4882RBdirectly to4883TOto the4884DTthe courts4885NNScourt ?4886SENT? EME4887NPEME Homer4888NPHomer was4889VBDbe n't4890RBn't about4891RBabout that4892RBthat .4893SENT. It4894PPit was4895VBDbe about4896RBabout notice-and-comment4897JJnotice-and-comment review4898NNreview .4899SENT. First4900JJfirst of4901INof all4902DTall ,4903,, that4904WDTthat 's4905VBZbe not4906RBnot individualized4907VVNindividualize .4908SENT. You4909PPyou do4910VVPdo n't4911RBn't actually4912RBactually even4913RBeven have4914VHhave a4915DTa claim4916NNclaim ...4917:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4918LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] So4919RBso ...4920:... [MS. SINZDAK]4921LOC[MS. SINZDAK] ...4922:... at4923INat the4924DTthe point4925NNpoint ...4926:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4927LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] So4928RBso ,4929,, when4930WRBwhen it4931PPit is4932VBZbe individualized4933VVNindividualize ,4934,, to4935TOto pick4936VVpick up4937RPup on4938INon Justice4939NPJustice Sotomayor4940NPSotomayor 's4941POS's question4942NNquestion from4943INfrom earlier4944RBRearlier ,4945,, are4946VBPbe you4947PPyou saying4948VVGsay that4949IN/thatthat we4950PPwe should4951MDshould usually4952RBusually presume4953VVpresume that4954IN/thatthat Congress4955NPCongress intended4956VVDintend an4957DTan administrative4958JJadministrative exhaustion4959NNexhaustion scheme4960NNscheme to4961TOto be4962VBbe jurisdictional4963JJjurisdictional ?4964SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]4965LOC[MS. SINZDAK] The4966DTthe question4967NNquestion is4968VBZbe congressional4969JJcongressional intent4970NNintent .4971SENT. That4972DTthat ...4973:... that4974WDTthat is4975VBZbe what4976WPwhat this4977DTthis Court4978NPCourt needs4979VVZneed to4980TOto look4981VVlook at4982INat .4983SENT. Now4984RBnow ,4985,, yes4986UHyes ...4987:... [JUSTICE KAVANAUGH]4988LOC[JUSTICE KAVANAUGH] But4989CCbut how4990JJhow ...4991:... how4992WRBhow would4993MDwould we4994PPwe look4995VVlook at4996INat that4997DTthat ?4998SENT? In4999INin a5000DTa scheme5001NNscheme ...5002:... individualized5003VVNindividualize claim5004NNclaim proceeding5005NNproceeding ,5006,, administrative5007JJadministrative exhaustion5008NNexhaustion requirement5009NNrequirement ,5010,, that5011WDTthat 's5012VBZbe all5013DTall we5014PPwe know5015VVPknow .5016SENT. What5017WPWhat else5018RBelse do5019VVPdo we5020PPwe need5021VVPneed to5022TOto know5023VVknow ?5024SENT? [MS. SINZDAK]5025LOC[MS. SINZDAK] Well5026UHWell ,5027,, as5028INas the5029DTthe Court5030NPCourt said5031VVDsay in5032RPin ...5033:... in5034INin Elgin5035NPElgin ,5036,, you5037PPyou look5038VVPlook at5039INat the5040DTthe text5041NNtext ,5042,, you5043PPyou look5044VVPlook at5045INat the5046DTthe structure5047NNstructure ,5048,, and5049CCand you5050PPyou look5051VVPlook at5052INat the5053DTthe purposes5054NNSpurpose .5055SENT. So5056RBso you5057PPyou look5058VVPlook at5059INat the5060DTthe text5061NNtext to5062TOto see5063VVsee how5064WRBhow intricate5065JJintricate is5066VBZbe this5067DTthis scheme5068NNscheme and5069CCand how5070WRBhow comprehensive5071NNcomprehensive is5072VBZbe it5073PPit .5074SENT. Does5075VVZdo it5076PPit seem5077VVPseem to5078TOto actually5079RBactually cover5080VVcover all5081DTall claims5082NNSclaim ,5083,, or5084CCor does5085VVZdo it5086PPit seem5087VVPseem pretty5088RBpretty isolated5089VVNisolate ?5090SENT? I5091PPI think5092VVPthink Brown5093NPBrown versus5094CCversus Community5095NPCommunity ...5096:... or5097CCor ,5098,, pardon5099VVPpardon me5100PPme ,5101,, Block5102NPBlock versus5103CCversus Community5104NPCommunity Nutrition5105NNnutrition is5106VBZbe an5107DTan example5108NNexample of5109INof that5110DTthat .5111SENT. There5112RBthere ,5113,, the5114DTthe scheme5115NNscheme really5116RBreally was5117VBDbe n't5118RBn't comprehensive5119JJcomprehensive ,5120,, and5121CCand so5122RBso the5123DTthe Court5124NPCourt did5125VVDdo n't5126RBn't find5127VVfind that5128IN/thatthat it5129PPit precluded5130VVDpreclude any5131DTany ...5132:... any5133DTany direct5134JJdirect avenue5135NNavenue to5136TOto the5137DTthe district5138NNdistrict courts5139NNScourt .5140SENT. So5141RBso ,5142,, after5143INafter you5144PPyou look5145VVPlook at5146INat the5147DTthe ...5148:... the5149DTthe text5150NNtext ,5151,, you5152PPyou look5153VVPlook at5154INat the5155DTthe structure5156NNstructure .5157SENT. Again5158RBagain ...5159:... and5160CCand there5161EXthere 's5162VBZbe a5163DTa little5164JJlittle bit5165NNbit of5166INof overlap5167VVoverlap here5168RBhere .5169SENT. It5170PPit 's5171VBZbe basically5172RBbasically is5173VBZbe there5174RBthere a5175DTa detailed5176JJdetailed administrative5177JJadministrative review5178NNreview scheme5179NNscheme and5180CCand then5181RBthen ...5182:... that5183WDTthat culminates5184VVZculminate in5185INin judicial5186JJjudicial review5187NNreview .5188SENT. Again5189RBagain ,5190,, you5191PPyou have5192VHPhave that5193RBthat here5194RBhere .5195SENT. And5196CCand then5197RBthen you5198PPyou look5199VVPlook at5200INat the5201DTthe purposes5202NNSpurpose .5203SENT. Is5204VBZbe this5205DTthis the5206DTthe sort5207NNsort of5208INof scheme5209NNscheme that5210WDTthat would5211MDwould best5212JJSgood be5213VBbe forwarded5214VVNforward by5215RBby have5216VHPhave ...5217:... channeling5218VVGchannel all5219DTall things5220NNSthing to5221TOto the5222DTthe administrative5223JJadministrative agency5224NNagency in5225INin the5226DTthe first5227JJfirst instance5228NNinstance ?5229SENT? And5230CCand ,5231,, again5232RBagain ,5233,, that5234WDTthat 's5235VBZbe certainly5236RBcertainly the5237DTthe case5238NNcase here5239RBhere .5240SENT. And5241CCand if5242INif I5243PPI could5244MDcould reserve5245VVreserve the5246DTthe remainder5247NNremainder of5248INof my5249PP$my time5250NNtime ?5251SENT? [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]5252LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Thank5253VVthank you5254PPyou ,5255,, counsel5256NNcounsel .5257SENT. Mr5258NPMr .5259SENT. Melkonian5260NPMelkonian .5261SENT.