[MS. TURNER]20LOC[MS. TURNER] Thank21VVthank you22PPyou ,23,, Mr24NPMr .25SENT. Chief26NPChief Justice27NPJustice ,28,, and29CCand may30MDmay it31PPit please32VVplease the33DTthe Court34NPCourt :35:: Rule36NNrule 5137CD@card@ tells38VVZtell parties39NNSparty to40TOto criminal41JJcriminal proceedings42NNSproceeding how43WRBhow to44TOto preserve45VVpreserve claims46NNSclaim of47INof error48NNerror for49INfor appeal50NNappeal .51SENT. A52DTa party53NNparty does54VVZdo so55RBso by56INby telling57VVGtell the58DTthe court59NNcourt what60WDTwhat action61NNaction the62DTthe party63NNparty wants64VVZwant the65DTthe court66NNcourt to67TOto take68VVtake when69WRBwhen a70DTa ruling71NNruling is72VBZbe made73VVNmake or74CCor sought75VVNseek .76SENT. There77EXthere 's78VBZbe no79DTno need80NNneed to81TOto tell82VVtell the83DTthe court84NNcourt twice85RBtwice .86SENT. In87INin every88DTevery federal89JJfederal court90NNcourt of91INof appeals92NNSappeal except93INexcept the94DTthe Fifth95NPFifth Circuit96NPCircuit ,97,, this98DTthis rule99NNrule means100VVZmean what101WPwhat it102PPit says103VVZsay in104INin the105DTthe context106NNcontext of107INof sentencing108NNsentencing proceedings109NNSproceeding .110SENT. Specifically111RBspecifically ,112,, it113PPit means114VVZmean that115IN/thatthat a116DTa criminal117JJcriminal defendant118NNdefendant who119WPwho argues120VVZargue for121INfor a122DTa particular123JJparticular sentence124NNsentence in125INin district126NNdistrict court127NNcourt preserves128VVZpreserve for129INfor appeal130NNappeal a131DTa challenge132NNchallenge to133TOto a134DTa longer135JJRlong sentence136NNsentence .137SENT. In138INin the139DTthe Fifth140NPFifth Circuit141NPCircuit ,142,, however143RBhowever ,144,, a145DTa criminal146JJcriminal defendant147NNdefendant ,148,, like149INlike Petitioner150NNpetitioner here151RBhere ,152,, must153MDmust argue154VVargue for155INfor a156DTa particular157JJparticular sentence158NNsentence in159INin district160NNdistrict court161NNcourt during162INduring the163DTthe sentencing164NNsentencing hearing165NNhearing and166CCand must167MDmust object168VVobject to169TOto any170DTany longer171JJRlong sentence172NNsentence as173INas substantively174RBsubstantively unreasonable175JJunreasonable after176INafter the177DTthe sentence178NNsentence issues179NNSissue .180SENT. That181DTthat post-sentencing182NNpost-sentencing objection183NNobjection requirement184NNrequirement flouts185VVZflout Rule186NPRule 51187CD@card@ ,188,, which189WDTwhich expressly190RBexpressly says191VVZsay that192IN/thatthat exceptions193NNSexception are194VBPbe not195RBnot required196VVNrequire .197SENT. Nor198CCnor is199VBZbe there200RBthere any201DTany practical202JJpractical merit203NNmerit to204TOto the205DTthe Fifth206NPFifth Circu207NPCircu it208PPit 's209VBZbe rule210NNrule .211SENT. In212INin fact213NNfact ,214,, there215EXthere 's216VBZbe no217DTno evidence218NNevidence that219IN/thatthat a220DTa district221NNdistrict court222NNcourt has223VHZhave ever224RBever reconsidered225VVNreconsider a226DTa sentence227NNsentence in228INin light229NNlight of230INof a231DTa post-sentencing232NNpost-sentencing objection233NNobjection .234SENT. And235CCand that236WDTthat makes237VVZmake sense238NNsense .239SENT. The240DTthe sentencing241NNsentencing court242NNcourt will243MDwill have244VHhave just245RBjust heard246VVNhear and247CCand rejected248VVNreject the249DTthe same250JJsame arguments251NNSargument in252INin issuing253VVGissue a254DTa sentence255NNsentence .256SENT. Recognizing257VVGrecognize that258IN/thatthat the259DTthe Fifth260NPFifth Circu261NPCircu it262PPit 's263POS's rule264NNrule is265VBZbe indefensible266JJindefensible ,267,, the268DTthe government269NNgovernment does270VVZdo not271RBnot defend272VVdefend it273PPit .274SENT. Instead275RBinstead ,276,, it277PPit supports278VVZsupport amicus279NNamicus ...280:... or281CCor Petitioner282NNpetitioner here283RBhere .284SENT. An285DTan amicus286NNamicus tries287VVZtry to288TOto defend289VVdefend the290DTthe judgment291NNjudgment below292INbelow on293INon alternative294JJalternative grounds295NNSground .296SENT. According297VVGaccord to298TOto amicus299NNamicus ,300,, a301DTa party302NNparty must303MDmust identify304VVidentify the305DTthe length306NNlength beyond307INbeyond which308WDTwhich a309DTa sentence310NNsentence is311VBZbe substantively312RBsubstantively unreasonable313JJunreasonable .314SENT. But315CCbut substantive316JJsubstantive reasonableness317NNreasonableness is318VBZbe not319RBnot a320DTa free-standing321JJfree-standing requirement322NNrequirement under323INunder the324DTthe Sentencing325NNsentencing Reform326NPReform Act327NPAct .328SENT. It329PPit is330VBZbe simply331RBsimply a332DTa standard333NNstandard of334INof appellate335JJappellate review336NNreview .337SENT. And338CCand there339EXthere is340VBZbe no341DTno need342NNneed for343INfor parties344NNSparty to345TOto frame346VVframe their347PP$their claims348NNSclaim in349INin terms350NNSterm of351INof that352DTthat standard353NNstandard of354INof appellate355JJappellate review356NNreview while357INwhile they358PPthey are359VBPbe still360RBstill in361INin district362NNdistrict court363NNcourt ,364,, just365RBjust as366INas they367PPthey need368VVPneed not369RBnot frame370VVframe their371PP$their objections372NNSobjection to373TOto evidentiary374JJevidentiary rulings375NNSruling in376INin terms377NNSterm of378INof abuse379NNabuse of380INof discretion381NNdiscretion or382CCor to383TOto factual384JJfactual findings385NNSfinding in386INin terms387NNSterm of388INof clear389JJclear error390NNerror while391INwhile they392PPthey are393VBPbe still394RBstill in395INin the396DTthe trial397NNtrial court398NNcourt .399SENT. Because400INbecause Petitioner401NNpetitioner here402RBhere adequately403RBadequately preserved404VVNpreserve his405PP$his challenge406NNchallenge to407TOto the408DTthe length409NNlength of410INof his411PP$his sentence412NNsentence ,413,, this414DTthis Court415NPCourt should416MDshould reverse417VVreverse .418SENT. I419PPI 'm420VBPbe open421JJopen to422TOto questions423NNSquestion .424SENT. But425CCbut ,426,, if427INif you428PPyou have429VHPhave none430NNnone ,431,, there432EXthere are433VBPbe really434RBreally two435CDtwo problems436NNSproblem .437SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]438LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Well439UHwell ,440,, I441PPI 'll442MDwill ask443VVask ...444:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]445LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] The446DTthe defense447NNdefense said448VVDsay ...449:... [JUSTICE ALITO]450LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...451:... I452PPI 'll453MDwill ask454VVask ...455:... [JUSTICE GINSBURG]456LOC[JUSTICE GINSBURG] Counsel457NPCounsel ...458:... counsel459NNcounsel argued460VVNargue for461INfor the462DTthe preferred463JJpreferred ...464:... the465DTthe defendant466NNdefendant 's467POS's preferred468JJpreferred sentence469NNsentence .470SENT. did471VVDdo n't472RBn't say473VVsay that474IN/thatthat anything475NNanything other476JJother than477INthan that478WDTthat would479MDwould be480VBbe excessive481JJexcessive .482SENT. [MS. TURNER]483LOC[MS. TURNER] That484DTthat 's485VBZbe correct486JJcorrect ,487,, Justice488NPJustice Ginsburg489NPGinsburg .490SENT. And491CCand that492DTthat is493VBZbe fine494JJfine to495TOto put496VVput the497DTthe court498NNcourt on499INon notice500NNnotice of501INof his502PP$his claim503NNclaim that504IN/thatthat his505PP$his sentence506NNsentence is507VBZbe too508RBtoo long509JJlong .510SENT. And511CCand there512EXthere are513VBPbe sort514NNsort of515INof two516CDtwo parts517NNSpart to518TOto my519PP$my answer520NNanswer .521SENT. The522DTthe first523JJfirst is524VBZbe that525IN/thatthat the526DTthe better527JJRgood reading528NNreading of529INof Section530NPSection 3553531CD@card@ (532(( a533DTa )534)) is535VBZbe that536IN/thatthat the537DTthe district538NNdistrict court539NNcourt 's540POS's task541NNtask is542VBZbe to543TOto identify544VVidentify the545DTthe particular546JJparticular sentence547NNsentence that548WDTthat is549VBZbe sufficient550JJsufficient but551CCbut not552RBnot greater553JJRgreat than554INthan necessary555JJnecessary to556TOto serve557VVserve the558DTthe statute559NNstatute 's560POS's objectives561NNSobjective .562SENT. And563CCand "564``" sufficient565JJsufficient but566CCbut not567RBnot greater568JJRgreat than569INthan necessary570JJnecessary "571``" necessarily572RBnecessarily means573VVZmean that574IN/thatthat there575EXthere is576VBZbe a577DTa sentence578NNsentence that579WDTthat is580VBZbe sufficient581JJsufficient but582CCbut not583RBnot greater584JJRgreat than585INthan necessary586JJnecessary .587SENT. If588INif one589CDone ...590:... if591INif 10592CD@card@ months593NNSmonth is594VBZbe sufficient595JJsufficient ,596,, 15597CD@card@ months598NNSmonth is599VBZbe obviously600RBobviously greater601JJRgreat .602SENT. So603RBso ,604,, by605INby asking606VVGask the607DTthe court608NNcourt for609INfor a610DTa particular611JJparticular sentence612NNsentence ,613,, the614DTthe party615NNparty puts616VVZput the617DTthe district618NNdistrict court619NNcourt on620INon notice621NNnotice of622INof their623PP$their objections624NNSobjection to625TOto any626DTany other627JJother sentence628NNsentence .629SENT. But630CCbut even631RBeven if632INif you633PPyou do634VVPdo n't635RBn't agree636VVagree with637INwith that638DTthat reading639NNreading of640INof Section641NPSection 3553642CD@card@ (643(( a644DTa )645)) ,646,, there647EXthere is648VBZbe no649DTno need650NNneed to651TOto inform652VVinform the653DTthe court654NNcourt of655INof all656DTall possible657JJpossible actions658NNSaction it659PPit might660MDmight take661VVtake .662SENT. There663EXthere 's664VBZbe no665DTno ...666:... there667EXthere 's668VBZbe no669DTno basis670NNbasis for671INfor that672DTthat requirement673NNrequirement in674INin Rule675NPRule 51676CD@card@ and677CCand in678INin other679JJother areas680NNSarea of681INof the682DTthe law683NNlaw where684WRBwhere there685EXthere are686VBPbe ...687:... or688CCor a689DTa district690NNdistrict court691NNcourt can692MDcan take693VVtake a694DTa range695NNrange of696INof actions697NNSaction .698SENT. For699INfor example700NNexample ,701,, in702INin the703DTthe context704NNcontext of705INof Rule706NPRule 11707CD@card@ sanctions708NNSsanction or709CCor a710DTa length711NNlength of712INof continuance713NNcontinuance or714CCor reasonable715JJreasonable attorneys716NNSattorney '717POS' fees718NNSfee ,719,, a720DTa party721NNparty simply722RBsimply has723VHZhave to724TOto ask725VVask for726INfor the727DTthe result728NNresult it729PPit wants730VVZwant .731SENT. It732PPit does733VVZdo n't734RBn't have735VHhave to736TOto identify737VVidentify all738DTall possible739JJpossible actions740NNSaction the741DTthe district742NNdistrict court743NNcourt might744MDmight take745VVtake to746TOto preserve747VVpreserve that748DTthat claim749NNclaim for750INfor appeal751NNappeal .752SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]753LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] But754CCbut ,755,, I756PPI mean757VVPmean ,758,, let759VVlet 's760VBZbe say761VVsay the762DTthe ...763:... the764DTthe defendant765NNdefendant says766VVZsay I767PPI think768VVPthink my769PP$my sentence770NNsentence should771MDshould be772VBbe ,773,, you774PPyou know775VVPknow ,776,, two777CDtwo years778NNSyear ,779,, and780CCand the781DTthe district782NNdistrict court783NNcourt says784VVZsay in785INin its786PP$its decision787NNdecision :788:: Well789UHwell ,790,, I791PPI think792VVPthink I793PPI 'm794VBPbe going795VVGgo to796TOto sentence797VVsentence you798PPyou to799TOto two800CDtwo years801NNSyear and802CCand six803CDsix months804NNSmonth because805INbecause I806PPI think807VVPthink you808PPyou 've809VHPhave ,810,, you811PPyou know812VVPknow ,813,, misunderstood814VVDmisunderstand this815DTthis particular816JJparticular provision817NNprovision about818RBabout ,819,, you820PPyou know821VVPknow ,822,, history823NNhistory or824CCor deterrence825NNdeterrence or826CCor ...827:... or828CCor whichever829WDTwhichever .830SENT. And831CCand is832VBZbe the833DTthe district834NNdistrict court835NNcourt supposed836VVNsuppose to837TOto appreciate838VVappreciate ,839,, and840CCand the841DTthe court842NNcourt of843INof appeals844NNSappeal ,845,, if846INif the847DTthe defendant848NNdefendant does849VVZdo nothing850NNnothing else851RBelse ,852,, that853IN/thatthat he854PPhe thinks855VVZthink it856PPit 's857VBZbe substantively858RBsubstantively unreasonable859JJunreasonable for860INfor the861DTthe district862NNdistrict court863NNcourt to864TOto have865VHhave added866VVNadd those867DTthose six868CDsix months869NNSmonth ,870,, for871INfor a872DTa reason873NNreason that874IN/thatthat the875DTthe ...876:... may877MDmay not878RBnot even879RBeven have880VHhave been881VBNbe addressed882VVNaddress by883INby the884DTthe defendant885NNdefendant in886INin his887PP$his submission888NNsubmission ?889SENT? [MS. TURNER]890LOC[MS. TURNER] So891INso two892CDtwo points893NNSpoint ,894,, Your895PP$your Honor896NPHonor .897SENT. The898DTthe first899JJfirst is900VBZbe that901IN/thatthat ,902,, you903PPyou know904VVPknow ,905,, the906DTthe district907NNdistrict court908NNcourt does909VVZdo n't910RBn't really911RBreally have912VHhave to913TOto appreciate914VVappreciate that915IN/thatthat it916PPit is917VBZbe substantively918RBsubstantively unreasonable919JJunreasonable because920INbecause ,921,, again922RBagain ,923,, that924WDTthat 's925VBZbe just926RBjust the927DTthe appellate928JJappellate standard929NNstandard of930INof review931NNreview .932SENT. The933DTthe district934NNdistrict court935NNcourt just936RBjust has937VHZhave to938TOto understand939VVunderstand that940IN/thatthat the941DTthe party942NNparty objects943NNSobject to944TOto the945DTthe particular946JJparticular sentence947NNsentence .948SENT. But949CCbut also950RBalso ...951:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]952LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Well953UHWell ,954,, but955CCbut ...956:... but957CCbut I958PPI do959VVPdo n't960RBn't know961VVknow how962WRBhow the963DTthe district964NNdistrict court965NNcourt knows966VVZknow that967IN/thatthat if968INif you969PPyou do970VVPdo n't971RBn't require972VVrequire an973DTan objection974NNobjection after975INafter the976DTthe district977NNdistrict court978NNcourt has979VHZhave explained980VVNexplain why981WRBwhy he982PPhe 's983VBZbe adding984VVGadd the985DTthe six986CDsix months987NNSmonth .988SENT. As989RBas far990RBfar as991INas he992PPhe knows993VVZknow ,994,, well995RBwell ,996,, maybe997RBmaybe that998DTthat 's999VBZbe okay1000JJokay with1001INwith the1002DTthe defendant1003NNdefendant ;1004:; he1005PPhe wanted1006VVDwant two1007CDtwo years1008NNSyear ,1009,, but1010CCbut he1011PPhe can1012MDcan 't1013RB't really1014RBreally say1015VVsay that1016IN/thatthat it1017PPit 's1018VBZbe unreasonable1019JJunreasonable to1020TOto get1021VVget two1022CDtwo years1023NNSyear and1024CCand six1025CDsix months1026NNSmonth .1027SENT. Particularly1028RBparticularly since1029INsince I1030PPI pointed1031VVDpoint out1032RPout to1033TOto him1034PPhim precisely1035RBprecisely why1036WRBwhy I1037PPI 'm1038VBPbe adding1039VVGadd those1040DTthose six1041CDsix months1042NNSmonth .1043SENT. [MS. TURNER]1044LOC[MS. TURNER] So1045RBso ,1046,, again1047RBagain ,1048,, we1049PPwe think1050VVPthink the1051DTthe better1052JJRgood view1053NNview of1054INof Section1055NPSection 35531056CD@card@ (1057(( a1058DTa )1059)) is1060VBZbe that1061IN/thatthat it1062PPit really1063RBreally instructs1064VVZinstruct the1065DTthe district1066NNdistrict court1067NNcourt to1068TOto identify1069VVidentify a1070DTa particular1071JJparticular sentence1072NNsentence ,1073,, and1074CCand so1075RBso ,1076,, by1077INby identifying1078VVGidentify a1079DTa particular1080JJparticular sentence1081NNsentence ,1082,, the1083DTthe defendant1084NNdefendant necessarily1085RBnecessarily communicates1086VVZcommunicate that1087IN/thatthat other1088JJother sentences1089NNSsentence ...1090:... that1091IN/thatthat he1092PPhe does1093VVZdo n't1094RBn't agree1095VVagree with1096INwith other1097JJother sentences1098NNSsentence .1099SENT. And1100CCand while1101INwhile it1102PPit 's1103VBZbe true1104JJtrue that1105IN/thatthat a1106DTa defendant1107NNdefendant might1108MDmight not1109RBnot have1110VHhave identified1111VVNidentify every1112DTevery factor1113NNfactor in1114INin Section1115NPSection 35531116CD@card@ (1117(( a1118DTa )1119)) in1120INin requesting1121VVGrequest a1122DTa particular1123JJparticular sentence1124NNsentence ...1125:... you1126PPyou know1127VVPknow ,1128,, there1129EXthere are1130VBPbe only1131RBonly five1132CDfive ,1133,, I1134PPI think1135VVPthink ...1136:... and1137CCand district1138NNdistrict courts1139NNScourt and1140CCand defense1141NNdefense attorneys1142NNSattorney are1143VBPbe familiar1144JJfamiliar with1145INwith those1146DTthose factors1147NNSfactor and1148CCand there1149EXthere 's1150VBZbe no1151DTno need1152NNneed to1153TOto specifically1154RBspecifically run1155VVrun through1156INthrough them1157PPthem .1158SENT. 21159CD2 Similarly1160RBsimilarly ,1161,, in1162INin other1163JJother contexts1164NNScontext ,1165,, other1166JJother areas1167NNSarea of1168INof the1169DTthe law1170NNlaw ,1171,, there1172EXthere 's1173VBZbe no1174DTno need1175NNneed to1176TOto ...1177:... for1178INfor ...1179:... to1180TOto ...1181:... example1182NNexample ,1183,, when1184WRBwhen someone1185NNsomeone ...1186:... when1187WRBwhen a1188DTa district1189NNdistrict court1190NNcourt makes1191VVZmake a1192DTa evidentiary1193JJevidentiary ruling1194NNruling that1195IN/thatthat a1196DTa party1197NNparty disagrees1198VVZdisagree with1199INwith ,1200,, the1201DTthe party1202NNparty does1203VVZdo n't1204RBn't have1205VHhave to1206TOto say1207VVsay this1208DTthis is1209VBZbe an1210DTan abuse1211NNabuse of1212INof discretion1213NNdiscretion ,1214,, even1215RBeven if1216INif the1217DTthe district1218NNdistrict court1219NNcourt identifies1220VVZidentify reasons1221NNSreason ...1222:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]1223LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Yeah1224NPYeah ,1225,, but1226CCbut ,1227,, I1228PPI mean1229VVPmean ,1230,, it1231PPit could1232MDcould end1233VVend up1234RPup to1235TOto particularly1236RBparticularly odd1237JJodd results1238NNSresult .1239SENT. I1240PPI mean1241VVPmean ,1242,, without1243INwithout a1244DTa particular1245JJparticular objection1246NNobjection ,1247,, the1248DTthe district1249NNdistrict judge1250NNjudge might1251MDmight ,1252,, you1253PPyou know1254VVPknow ,1255,, be1256VBbe sitting1257VVGsit there1258RBthere in1259INin the1260DTthe court1261NNcourt of1262INof appeals1263NNSappeal and1264CCand the1265DTthe brief1266NNbrief that1267WDTthat is1268VBZbe filed1269VVNfile is1270VBZbe ,1271,, you1272PPyou know1273VVPknow ,1274,, 401275CD@card@ pages1276NNSpage objecting1277VVGobject to1278TOto ,1279,, you1280PPyou know1281VVPknow ,1282,, a1283DTa particular1284JJparticular provision1285NNprovision .1286SENT. And1287CCand the1288DTthe district1289NNdistrict court1290NNcourt says1291VVZsay :1292:: Well1293UHwell ,1294,, that1295WDTthat 's1296VBZbe not1297RBnot what1298WPwhat I1299PPI was1300VBDbe looking1301VVGlook at1302INat at1303INat all1304DTall .1305SENT. I1306PPI was1307VBDbe looking1308VVGlook at1309INat something1310NNsomething else1311RBelse .1312SENT. [MS. TURNER]1313LOC[MS. TURNER] In1314INin this1315DTthis ...1316:... in1317INin this1318DTthis hypothetical1319JJhypothetical ,1320,, the1321DTthe party1322NNparty is1323VBZbe raising1324VVGraise different1325JJdifferent arguments1326NNSargument on1327INon appeal1328NNappeal ,1329,, is1330VBZbe that1331DTthat ...1332:... [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]1333LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Well1334UHWell ,1335,, the1336DTthe whole1337JJwhole point1338NNpoint ,1339,, I1340PPI ...1341:... I1342PPI guess1343VVPguess ,1344,, of1345INof a1346DTa post-decision1347NNpost-decision objection1348NNobjection ...1349:... [MS. TURNER]1350LOC[MS. TURNER] Yes1351NPYes .1352SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]1353LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] ...1354:... is1355VBZbe that1356IN/thatthat it1357PPit puts1358VVZput people1359NNSpeople on1360INon notice1361NNnotice as1362INas to1363TOto what1364WPwhat the1365DTthe defendant1366NNdefendant is1367VBZbe objecting1368VVGobject to1369TOto .1370SENT. And1371CCand that1372WDTthat can1373MDcan shape1374VVshape ,1375,, you1376PPyou know1377VVPknow ,1378,, whether1379INwhether it1380PPit 's1381POS's subsequent1382JJsubsequent proceedings1383NNSproceeding in1384INin the1385DTthe district1386NNdistrict court1387NNcourt or1388CCor appellate1389JJappellate review1390NNreview ,1391,, when1392WRBwhen ,1393,, instead1394RBinstead ,1395,, if1396INif you1397PPyou just1398RBjust say1399VVPsay ,1400,, well1401RBwell ,1402,, so1403RBso long1404RBlong as1405INas it1406PPit 's1407VBZbe more1408JJRmore than1409INthan the1410DTthe defendant1411NNdefendant asked1412VVDask for1413INfor ,1414,, in1415INin a1416DTa regime1417NNregime where1418WRBwhere there1419EXthere are1420VBPbe a1421DTa lot1422NNlot of1423INof factors1424NNSfactor ...1425:... I1426PPI 'd1427MDwould count1428VVcount more1429JJRmore than1430INthan five1431CDfive despite1432INdespite the1433DTthe subsections1434NNSsubsection ...1435:... it1436PPit 's1437VBZbe particularly1438RBparticularly helpful1439JJhelpful to1440TOto the1441DTthe process1442NNprocess that1443IN/thatthat people1444NNSpeople know1445VVPknow what1446WPwhat the1447DTthe concern1448NNconcern really1449RBreally is1450VBZbe going1451VVGgo forward1452RBforward .1453SENT. [MS. TURNER]1454LOC[MS. TURNER] But1455CCbut ,1456,, again1457RBagain ,1458,, that1459WDTthat is1460VBZbe just1461RBjust the1462DTthe appellate1463JJappellate standard1464NNstandard of1465INof review1466NNreview .1467SENT. And1468CCand Rule1469NPRule 511470CD@card@ is1471VBZbe explicit1472JJexplicit in1473INin saying1474VVGsay that1475IN/thatthat post-ruling1476NNpost-ruling objections1477NNSobjection are1478VBPbe not1479RBnot required1480VVNrequire if1481INif you1482PPyou have1483VHPhave already1484RBalready informed1485VVNinform the1486DTthe court1487NNcourt of1488INof the1489DTthe action1490NNaction that1491IN/thatthat you1492PPyou wish1493VVPwish it1494PPit to1495TOto take1496VVtake .1497SENT. And1498CCand there1499EXthere 's1500VBZbe no1501DTno reason1502NNreason to1503TOto ...1504:... to1505TOto alter1506VValter that1507DTthat approach1508NNapproach in1509INin the1510DTthe sentencing1511NNsentencing context1512NNcontext .1513SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1514LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Do1515VVPdo you1516PPyou think1517VVPthink that1518IN/thatthat under1519INunder the1520DTthe so-called1521JJso-called parsimony1522NNparsimony principle1523NNprinciple ,1524,, there1525EXthere is1526VBZbe one1527CDone precise1528JJprecise sentence1529NNsentence in1530INin every1531DTevery case1532NNcase that1533WDTthat serves1534VVZserve all1535PDTall the1536DTthe interests1537NNSinterest of1538INof sentencing1539NNsentencing but1540CCbut does1541VVZdo n't1542RBn't do1543VVdo so1544RBso to1545TOto an1546DTan excessive1547JJexcessive extent1548NNextent ?1549SENT? [MS. TURNER]1550LOC[MS. TURNER] That1551DTthat is1552VBZbe the1553DTthe district1554NNdistrict court1555NNcourt 's1556POS's task1557NNtask ,1558,, is1559VBZbe to1560TOto find1561VVfind the1562DTthe sentence1563NNsentence the1564DTthe district1565NNdistrict court1566NNcourt determines1567VVZdetermine is1568VBZbe sufficient1569JJsufficient but1570CCbut not1571RBnot ...1572:... [JUSTICE ALITO]1573LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] And1574CCand there1575EXthere 's1576VBZbe just1577RBjust one1578CDone .1579SENT. So1580RBso it1581PPit 's1582VBZbe ...1583:... let1584VVlet 's1585VBZbe say1586VVsay it1587PPit 's1588POS's 111589CD@card@ months1590NNSmonth ,1591,, that1592WDTthat is1593VBZbe the1594DTthe ...1595:... that1596WDTthat is1597VBZbe the1598DTthe sentence1599NNsentence called1600VVNcall for1601INfor by1602INby the1603DTthe Sentencing1604NNsentencing Reform1605NPReform Act1606NPAct ,1607,, not1608RBnot 101609CD@card@ ,1610,, not1611RBnot 121612CD@card@ .1613SENT. Eleven1614NNeleven .1615SENT. [MS. TURNER]1616LOC[MS. TURNER] So1617INso it1618PPit 's1619VBZbe not1620RBnot that1621IN/thatthat there1622EXthere is1623VBZbe some1624DTsome Platonically1625RBPlatonically correct1626JJcorrect sentence1627NNsentence .1628SENT. But1629CCbut the1630DTthe district1631NNdistrict court1632NNcourt 's1633POS's task1634NNtask is1635VBZbe to1636TOto determine1637VVdetermine the1638DTthe sentence1639NNsentence that1640IN/thatthat ,1641,, in1642INin its1643PP$its view1644NNview ,1645,, is1646VBZbe sufficient1647JJsufficient but1648CCbut not1649RBnot greater1650JJRgreat than1651INthan necessary1652JJnecessary .1653SENT. And1654CCand that1655DTthat 's1656VBZbe ,1657,, you1658PPyou know1659VVPknow ,1660,, inherent1661JJinherent in1662INin sort1663NNsort of1664INof this1665DTthis parsimony1666NNparsimony principle1667NNprinciple .1668SENT. I1669PPI mean1670VVPmean ,1671,, that1672WDTthat 's1673VBZbe what1674WPwhat that1675DTthat language1676NNlanguage means1677VVZmean .1678SENT. If1679INif 101680CD@card@ months1681NNSmonth is1682VBZbe sufficient1683JJsufficient but1684CCbut not1685RBnot greater1686JJRgreat than1687INthan necessary1688JJnecessary ,1689,, 101690CD@card@ months1691NNSmonth and1692CCand one1693CDone day1694NNday is1695VBZbe greater1696JJRgreat than1697INthan necessary1698JJnecessary .1699SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1700LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] Well1701UHWell ,1702,, if1703INif that1704DTthat ...1705:... if1706INif it1707PPit is1708VBZbe not1709RBnot the1710DTthe case1711NNcase that1712IN/thatthat there1713RBthere ...1714:... the1715DTthe parsimony1716NNparsimony principle1717NNprinciple identifies1718VVZidentify one1719CDone particular1720JJparticular ,1721,, precise1722JJprecise sentence1723NNsentence that1724WDTthat is1725VBZbe the1726DTthe correct1727JJcorrect sentence1728NNsentence ,1729,, then1730RBthen saying1731VVGsay ...1732:... then1733RBthen for1734INfor defense1735NNdefense counsel1736NNcounsel to1737TOto say1738VVsay 111739CD@card@ ...1740:... I1741PPI ...1742:... I1743PPI ...1744:... I1745PPI urge1746VVPurge you1747PPyou to1748TOto sentence1749VVsentence my1750PP$my client1751NNclient to1752TOto no1753RBno more1754JJRmore than1755INthan 111756CD@card@ months1757NNSmonth ,1758,, that1759WDTthat 's1760VBZbe different1761JJdifferent from1762INfrom saying1763VVGsay that1764IN/thatthat a1765DTa ...1766:... a1767DTa sentence1768NNsentence of1769INof 121770CD@card@ months1771NNSmonth would1772MDwould be1773VBbe outside1774INoutside the1775DTthe range1776NNrange of1777INof reasonableness1778NNreasonableness ...1779:... [MS. TURNER]1780LOC[MS. TURNER] Again1781NPAgain ,1782,, Your1783PP$your Honor1784NPHonor ,1785,, it1786PPit ...1787:... [JUSTICE ALITO]1788LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] ...1789:... which1790WDTwhich is1791VBZbe what1792WPwhat would1793MDwould have1794VHhave to1795TOto be1796VBbe shown1797VVNshow on1798INon appeal1799NNappeal .1800SENT. [MS. TURNER]1801LOC[MS. TURNER] ...1802:... it1803PPit ...1804:... you1805PPyou know1806VVPknow ,1807,, it1808PPit is1809VBZbe sort1810NNsort of1811INof a1812DTa different1813JJdifferent argument1814NNargument on1815INon appeal1816NNappeal ,1817,, but1818CCbut it1819PPit is1820VBZbe no1821RBno different1822JJdifferent than1823INthan ,1824,, again1825RBagain ,1826,, if1827INif you1828PPyou were1829VBDbe on1830INon appeal1831NNappeal and1832CCand you1833PPyou had1834VHDhave to1835TOto argue1836VVargue that1837IN/thatthat the1838DTthe district1839NNdistrict court1840NNcourt 's1841POS's ruling1842NNruling was1843VBDbe an1844DTan abuse1845NNabuse of1846INof discretion1847NNdiscretion ,1848,, you1849PPyou ...1850:... you1851PPyou do1852VVPdo n't1853RBn't have1854VHhave to1855TOto make1856VVmake that1857DTthat abuse1858NNabuse of1859INof discretion1860NNdiscretion argument1861NNargument in1862INin district1863NNdistrict court1864NNcourt ,1865,, even1866RBeven though1867INthough that1868DTthat is1869VBZbe how1870WRBhow you1871PPyou would1872MDwould have1873VHhave to1874TOto frame1875VVframe your1876PP$your argument1877NNargument on1878INon appeal1879NNappeal .1880SENT. It1881PPit 's1882VBZbe exactly1883RBexactly the1884DTthe same1885JJsame here1886RBhere .1887SENT. And1888CCand we1889PPwe 're1890VBPbe just1891RBjust asking1892VVGask for1893INfor those1894DTthose same1895JJsame rules1896NNSrule to1897TOto apply1898VVapply in1899INin this1900DTthis context1901NNcontext .1902SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1903LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] What1904WPWhat if1905INif ...1906:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]1907LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Ms1908NNMs .1909SENT. Kendall1910NPKendall ...1911:... I1912PPI 'm1913VBPbe sorry1914JJsorry .1915SENT. [JUSTICE ALITO]1916LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] What1917WPWhat if1918INif defense1919NNdefense ...1920:... just1921RBjust along1922INalong the1923DTthe same1924JJsame lines1925NNSline very1926RBvery quickly1927RBquickly .1928SENT. What1929WPWhat if1930INif defense1931NNdefense counsel1932NNcounsel says1933VVZsay ,1934,, look1935VVlook ,1936,, I1937PPI understand1938VVPunderstand that1939IN/thatthat the1940DTthe ...1941:... the1942DTthe guidelines1943NNSguideline range1944NNrange is1945VBZbe to1946TOto 121947CD@card@ months1948NNSmonth and1949CCand I1950PPI ...1951:... and1952CCand I1953PPI know1954VVPknow that1955IN/thatthat that1956DTthat 's1957VBZbe presumptively1958RBpresumptively reasonable1959JJreasonable and1960CCand I1961PPI 'm1962VBPbe not1963RBnot going1964VVGgo to1965TOto argue1966VVargue with1967INwith that1968DTthat ,1969,, but1970CCbut I1971PPI urge1972VVPurge you1973PPyou to1974TOto sentence1975VVsentence my1976PP$my client1977NNclient to1978TOto no1979RBno more1980JJRmore than1981INthan 101982CD@card@ .1983SENT. And1984CCand the1985DTthe judge1986NNjudge says1987VVZsay ,1988,, well1989RBwell ,1990,, I1991PPI 'm1992VBPbe sorry1993JJsorry ,1994,, I1995PPI 'm1996VBPbe going1997VVGgo to1998TOto choose1999VVchoose 112000CD@card@ .2001SENT. Can2002MDcan the2003DTthe defense2004NNdefense counsel2005NNcounsel then2006RBthen argue2007VVPargue on2008INon appeal2009NNappeal 112010CD@card@ was2011VBDbe unreasonable2012JJunreasonable ?2013SENT? [MS. TURNER]2014LOC[MS. TURNER] If2015INif the2016DTthe defense2017NNdefense counsel2018NNcounsel has2019VHZhave said2020VVNsay ...2021:... has2022VHZhave said2023VVNsay that2024IN/thatthat 102025CD@card@ to2026TOto 122027CD@card@ would2028MDwould be2029VBbe acceptable2030JJacceptable or2031CCor if2032INif he2033PPhe 's2034VBZbe only2035RBonly asked2036VVNask for2037INfor 102038CD@card@ ?2039SENT? [JUSTICE ALITO]2040LOC[JUSTICE ALITO] He2041PPhe says2042VVZsay ,2043,, I2044PPI understand2045VVPunderstand that2046DTthat 's2047VBZbe the2048DTthe range2049NNrange and2050CCand that2051DTthat 's2052VBZbe a2053DTa reasonable2054JJreasonable range2055NNrange ,2056,, but2057CCbut I2058PPI think2059VVPthink the2060DTthe appropriate2061JJappropriate sentence2062NNsentence here2063RBhere is2064VBZbe 102065CD@card@ .2066SENT. [MS. TURNER]2067LOC[MS. TURNER] So2068RBso ,2069,, if2070INif ...2071:... if2072INif the2073DTthe defense2074NNdefense counsel2075NNcounsel simply2076RBsimply identified2077VVDidentify the2078DTthe guidelines2079NNSguideline range2080NNrange and2081CCand then2082RBthen asked2083VVNask for2084INfor a2085DTa particular2086JJparticular sentence2087NNsentence ,2088,, then2089RBthen ,2090,, yes2091UHyes ,2092,, I2093PPI think2094VVPthink that2095IN/thatthat defense2096NNdefense counsel2097NNcounsel could2098MDcould argue2099VVargue on2100INon appeal2101NNappeal that2102IN/thatthat 112103CD@card@ months2104NNSmonth was2105VBDbe substantively2106RBsubstantively unreasonable2107JJunreasonable .2108SENT. However2109RBhowever ,2110,, if2111INif a2112DTa district2113NNdistrict court2114NNcourt ...2115:... or2116CCor if2117INif a2118DTa defense2119NNdefense counsel2120NNcounsel said2121VVDsay something2122NNsomething like2123INlike ,2124,, anything2125NNanything in2126INin the2127DTthe 102128CD@card@ to2129TOto 122130CD@card@ months2131NNSmonth range2132NNrange is2133VBZbe fine2134JJfine with2135INwith us2136PPus and2137CCand we2138PPwe think2139VVPthink that2140WDTthat 's2141VBZbe ...2142:... you2143PPyou can2144MDcan do2145VVdo that2146IN/thatthat ,2147,, in2148INin that2149DTthat case2150NNcase ,2151,, arguably2152RBarguably ,2153,, he2154PPhe has2155VHZhave not2156RBnot preserved2157VVNpreserve an2158DTan objection2159NNobjection to2160TOto an2161DTan 11-month2162JJ11-month sentence2163NNsentence ,2164,, but2165CCbut it2166PPit ...2167:... you2168PPyou know2169VVPknow ,2170,, it2171PPit would2172MDwould depend2173VVdepend on2174INon the2175DTthe context2176NNcontext of2177INof what2178WPwhat exactly2179RBexactly defense2180NNdefense counsel2181NNcounsel had2182VHDhave said2183VVNsay .2184SENT. And2185CCand there2186EXthere 's2187VBZbe no2188DTno reason2189NNreason to2190TOto craft2191VVcraft unique2192JJunique rules2193NNSrule in2194INin this2195DTthis context2196NNcontext .2197SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2198LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] Ms2199NNMs .2200SENT. Kendall2201NPKendall ,2202,, the2203DTthe amici2204NNamici seems2205VVZseem in2206INin my2207PP$my mind2208NNmind to2209TOto be2210VBbe arguing2211VVGargue not2212RBnot differently2213RBdifferently than2214INthan you2215PPyou are2216VBPbe ,2217,, that2218IN/thatthat you2219PPyou do2220VVPdo n't2221RBn't need2222VVneed to2223TOto make2224VVmake necessarily2225RBnecessarily an2226DTan objection2227NNobjection after2228INafter the2229DTthe fact2230NNfact in2231INin all2232DTall circumstances2233NNScircumstance .2234SENT. He2235PPhe seems2236VVZseem to2237TOto be2238VBbe arguing2239VVGargue that2240IN/thatthat the2241DTthe circumstances2242NNScircumstance ,2243,, though2244RBthough ,2245,, in2246INin which2247WDTwhich you2248PPyou do2249VVPdo n't2250RBn't have2251VHhave to2252TOto renew2253VVrenew afterward2254RBafterward are2255VBPbe those2256DTthose where2257WRBwhere you2258PPyou lay2259VVDlie forth2260RBforth the2261DTthe reasons2262NNSreason for2263INfor why2264WRBwhy you2265PPyou want2266VVPwant something2267NNsomething ,2268,, and2269CCand so2270RBso that2271IN/thatthat you2272PPyou merely2273RBmerely saying2274VVGsay ,2275,, I2276PPI think2277VVPthink 102278CD@card@ months2279NNSmonth is2280VBZbe enough2281JJenough is2282VBZbe not2283RBnot enough2284RBenough ,2285,, that2286IN/thatthat that2287WDTthat does2288VVZdo n't2289RBn't put2290VVput the2291DTthe district2292NNdistrict court2293NNcourt on2294INon notice2295NNnotice of2296INof the2297DTthe reasons2298NNSreason you2299PPyou think2300VVPthink 102301CD@card@ months2302NNSmonth are2303VBPbe enough2304JJenough .2305SENT. And2306CCand so2307RBso that2308IN/thatthat he2309PPhe 's2310VBZbe basically2311RBbasically ,2312,, I2313PPI think2314VVPthink ,2315,, he2316PPhe 'll2317MDwill speak2318VVspeak for2319INfor himself2320PPhimself ,2321,, obviously2322RBobviously ,2323,, but2324CCbut assuming2325VVGassume his2326PP$his argument2327NNargument in2328INin my2329PP$my question2330NNquestion ,2331,, that2332WDTthat you2333PPyou need2334VVPneed to2335TOto put2336VVput the2337DTthe district2338NNdistrict court2339NNcourt on2340INon some2341DTsome sort2342NNsort of2343INof notice2344NNnotice what2345WPwhat the2346DTthe basis2347NNbasis is2348VBZbe for2349INfor you2350PPyou believing2351VVGbelieve that2352IN/thatthat 102353CD@card@ or2354CCor or2355CCor 112356CD@card@ months2357NNSmonth is2358VBZbe the2359DTthe right2360JJright number2361NNnumber ,2362,, and2363CCand that2364IN/thatthat if2365INif you2366PPyou do2367VVPdo n't2368RBn't do2369VVdo that2370IN/thatthat ,2371,, then2372RBthen you2373PPyou do2374VVPdo need2375NNneed to2376TOto ...2377:... you2378PPyou have2379VHPhave n't2380RBn't preserved2381VVNpreserve your2382PP$your objection2383NNobjection adequately2384RBadequately .2385SENT. How2386WRBHow do2387VVPdo you2388PPyou address2389VVaddress that2390DTthat argument2391NNargument ?2392SENT? [MS. TURNER]2393LOC[MS. TURNER] So2394RBso ,2395,, as2396INas a2397DTa ...2398:... just2399RBjust as2400INas a2401DTa first2402JJfirst point2403NNpoint and2404CCand a2405DTa practical2406JJpractical matter2407NNmatter ,2408,, it2409PPit is2410VBZbe vanishingly2411RBvanishingly rare2412JJrare that2413IN/thatthat a2414DTa defense2415NNdefense attorney2416NNattorney will2417MDwill have2418VHhave not2419RBnot filed2420VVNfile objections2421NNSobjection to2422TOto the2423DTthe PSR2424NNPSR and2425CCand will2426MDwill simply2427RBsimply stand2428VVstand up2429RPup and2430CCand say2431VVsay ,2432,, Section2433NPSection 35532434CD@card@ (2435(( a2436DTa )2437)) requires2438VVZrequire a2439DTa shorter2440JJRshort sentence2441NNsentence and2442CCand sit2443VVsit down2444RPdown .2445SENT. [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2446LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] I2447PPI ...2448:... I2449PPI agree2450VVPagree with2451INwith you2452PPyou .2453SENT. It2454PPit ...2455:... it2456PPit never2457RBnever happened2458VVDhappen in2459INin my2460PP$my experience2461NNexperience ,2462,, but2463CCbut it2464PPit does2465VVZdo n't2466RBn't mean2467VVmean it2468PPit can2469MDcan 't2470RB't .2471SENT. And2472CCand so2473RBso the2474DTthe question2475NNquestion is2476VBZbe for2477INfor a2478DTa reviewing2479VVGreview court2480NNcourt ,2481,, when2482WRBwhen it2483PPit gets2484VVZget that2485DTthat situation2486NNsituation ,2487,, what2488WPwhat is2489VBZbe it2490PPit looking2491VVGlook at2492INat ...2493:... [MS. TURNER]2494LOC[MS. TURNER] So2495RBso ...2496:... [JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR]2497LOC[JUSTICE SOTOMAYOR] ...2498:... to2499TOto make2500VVmake a2501DTa judgment2502NNjudgment as2503INas to2504TOto whether2505INwhether or2506CCor not2507RBnot the2508DTthe objection2509NNobjection was2510VBDbe adequately2511RBadequately preserved2512VVNpreserve when2513WRBwhen it2514PPit was2515VBDbe n't2516RBn't restated2517VVNrestate at2518INat the2519DTthe end2520NNend ?2521SENT? I2522PPI 'm2523VBPbe sorry2524JJsorry .2525SENT. [MS. TURNER]2526LOC[MS. TURNER] Thank2527VVthank you2528PPyou .2529SENT. The2530DTthe Court2531NPCourt 's2532VBZbe simply2533RBsimply applying2534VVGapply the2535DTthe same2536JJsame fair2537JJfair notice2538NNnotice standard2539NNstandard that2540IN/thatthat it2541PPit applies2542VVZapply in2543INin every2544DTevery other2545JJother context2546NNcontext to2547TOto determine2548VVdetermine whether2549INwhether a2550DTa factual2551JJfactual ...2552:... an2553DTan argument2554NNargument is2555VBZbe preserved2556VVNpreserve .2557SENT. It2558PPit 's2559VBZbe the2560DTthe test2561NNtest that2562IN/thatthat this2563DTthis Court2564NPCourt laid2565VVDlay out2566RPout in2567INin Beech2568NPBeech Aircraft2569NPAircraft .2570SENT. And2571CCand anything2572RBanything more2573RBRmore specific2574JJspecific ,2575,, requiring2576VVGrequire very2577RBvery specific2578JJspecific facts2579NNSfact and2580CCand circumstances2581NNScircumstance ,2582,, as2583INas amicus2584NNamicus tends2585VVZtend to2586TOto suggest2587VVsuggest ,2588,, is2589VBZbe unwise2590JJunwise because2591INbecause it2592PPit would2593MDwould create2594VVcreate new2595JJnew problems2596NNSproblem for2597INfor this2598DTthis Court2599NPCourt to2600TOto resolve2601VVresolve ,2602,, such2603JJsuch as2604INas if2605INif someone2606NNsomeone argued2607VVNargue in2608INin district2609NNdistrict court2610NNcourt that2611IN/thatthat his2612PP$his client2613NNclient was2614VBDbe sick2615JJsick and2616CCand deserved2617VVDdeserve a2618DTa shorter2619JJRshort sentence2620NNsentence and2621CCand then2622RBthen argued2623VVDargue on2624INon appeal2625NNappeal that2626IN/thatthat he2627PPhe was2628VBDbe going2629VVGgo to2630TOto die2631VVdie and2632CCand deserved2633VVDdeserve a2634DTa shorter2635JJRshort sentence2636NNsentence ,2637,, the2638DTthe Court2639NPCourt would2640MDwould have2641VHhave to2642TOto determine2643VVdetermine whether2644INwhether that2645WDTthat was2646VBDbe the2647DTthe same2648JJsame fact2649NNfact and2650CCand circumstance2651NNcircumstance .2652SENT. [CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS]2653LOC[CHIEF JUSTICE ROBERTS] Thank2654VVthank you2655PPyou ,2656,, counsel2657NNcounsel .2658SENT. Ms2659NNMs .2660SENT. Ratner2661NPRatner .2662SENT.