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+bch9G_-j4dU-00000-00000050-00000222 and
+bch9G_-j4dU-00001-00000223-00000360 you
+bch9G_-j4dU-00002-00000361-00001378 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00003-00001379-00002842 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00004-00002843-00003659 do you have a girlfriend do you have a
+bch9G_-j4dU-00005-00003660-00004315 girlfriend
+bch9G_-j4dU-00006-00004316-00005441 no I don't do you know I don't do you I
+bch9G_-j4dU-00007-00005442-00005721 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00008-00005722-00006553 don't have a girlfriend either I don't
+bch9G_-j4dU-00009-00006554-00006795 have a girlfriend either
+bch9G_-j4dU-00010-00006797-00007188 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00011-00007189-00008063 why not why not
+bch9G_-j4dU-00012-00008064-00008635 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00013-00008636-00009053 I don't know maybe I'm not rich enough I
+bch9G_-j4dU-00014-00009054-00009393 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00015-00009394-00009760 don't know maybe I'm not rich enough
+bch9G_-j4dU-00016-00009761-00010113 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00017-00010114-00010963 girls like guys with money girls like
+bch9G_-j4dU-00018-00010964-00011129 guys with money
+bch9G_-j4dU-00019-00011130-00012606 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00020-00012607-00013465 they like guys with new cars they like
+bch9G_-j4dU-00021-00013466-00013927 guys with new cars
+bch9G_-j4dU-00022-00013928-00014913 I don't have money or a new car I don't
+bch9G_-j4dU-00023-00014915-00015122 have money or a new car
+bch9G_-j4dU-00024-00015124-00015519 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00025-00015519-00016357 but girls like guys who are funny but
+bch9G_-j4dU-00026-00016358-00016551 girls like guys who are funny
+bch9G_-j4dU-00027-00016552-00017000 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00028-00017001-00017724 maybe we should learn some good jokes
+bch9G_-j4dU-00029-00017725-00018027 maybe we should learn some good jokes
+bch9G_-j4dU-00030-00018028-00019067 [Music]
+bch9G_-j4dU-00031-00019068-00019242 you
+bch9G_-j4dU-00032-00019243-00019561 [Music]
+beRRMhP6OAo-00000-00000539-00000961 what's up guys it's Friday man and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00001-00000961-00001536 Friday we're going to go get a haircut
+beRRMhP6OAo-00002-00001537-00001820 yeah we need a haircut you need a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00003-00001821-00002296 haircut buddy you need a haircut
+beRRMhP6OAo-00004-00002297-00002573 yes are you how are you excited to go
+beRRMhP6OAo-00005-00002574-00002752 get a haircut yes
+beRRMhP6OAo-00006-00002753-00002981 all right we'll go get your shoes on
+beRRMhP6OAo-00007-00002982-00003452 okay so I'm gonna go get a haircut and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00008-00003453-00003763 then we got to what else we got to do
+beRRMhP6OAo-00009-00003764-00003922 buddy we got to go get your cupcakes
+beRRMhP6OAo-00010-00003922-00004199 cupcakes for his birthday
+beRRMhP6OAo-00011-00004200-00004420 and get his food for his birthday party
+beRRMhP6OAo-00012-00004421-00004729 cuz your birthday party Saturday right
+beRRMhP6OAo-00013-00004730-00005513 cuz your big boy you're gonna turn four
+beRRMhP6OAo-00014-00005514-00005951 this year so uh gotta go get some some
+beRRMhP6OAo-00015-00005952-00006428 fuel for the heaters and pretty much
+beRRMhP6OAo-00016-00006429-00006905 just some errands to run small stuff so
+beRRMhP6OAo-00017-00006906-00007135 let's get the state going for you guys
+beRRMhP6OAo-00018-00007136-00007514 and we're gonna start by I guess he's
+beRRMhP6OAo-00019-00007515-00007823 gonna put his shoes on it looks like and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00020-00007823-00008126 don't forget your jacket buddy and his
+beRRMhP6OAo-00021-00008127-00008444 jacket on and then we're gonna head out
+beRRMhP6OAo-00022-00008445-00008753 the door so got the truck warming up or
+beRRMhP6OAo-00023-00008754-00009099 to be a fun day so let's get going guys
+beRRMhP6OAo-00024-00009100-00009721 do something all right let's get a drink
+beRRMhP6OAo-00025-00009722-00010112 go to the truck it should be warm it's a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00026-00010113-00010808 start it back up oh yeah
+beRRMhP6OAo-00027-00010809-00011074 sounds nice and cozy out there
+beRRMhP6OAo-00028-00011075-00011663 all right off we go off we go
+beRRMhP6OAo-00029-00011664-00011969 today was trash day he's got the trash
+beRRMhP6OAo-00030-00011970-00012412 taken out you got to get some gas and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00031-00012413-00012737 trash they need to take my truck to the
+beRRMhP6OAo-00032-00012738-00012940 car wash get up and sit down buddy
+beRRMhP6OAo-00033-00012941-00013308 it is filthy look at this crap
+beRRMhP6OAo-00034-00013309-00013519 haven't been able to wash it since the
+beRRMhP6OAo-00035-00013520-00013730 snowstorm so it looks horrible
+beRRMhP6OAo-00036-00013731-00013916 absolutely horrible
+beRRMhP6OAo-00037-00013916-00014543 so yeah let's uh let's roll let me put
+beRRMhP6OAo-00038-00014544-00014711 this out before I get in the truck and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00039-00014712-00015494 we'll be off
+beRRMhP6OAo-00040-00015494-00016018 so I got a dashcam
+beRRMhP6OAo-00041-00016019-00016368 and it's pretty cool works good actually
+beRRMhP6OAo-00042-00016369-00016804 so it charges and then you can you know
+beRRMhP6OAo-00043-00016805-00017602 turn it on and it'll you know hold a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00044-00017603-00017836 charge but uh yeah
+beRRMhP6OAo-00045-00017837-00018061 so for I like it stays up there pretty
+beRRMhP6OAo-00046-00018062-00018427 good does 1080 alright so on my way to
+beRRMhP6OAo-00047-00018428-00018787 get my haircut we got to stop and pick
+beRRMhP6OAo-00048-00018788-00019087 up some trash and this is a property I
+beRRMhP6OAo-00049-00019088-00019270 took over started mowing
+beRRMhP6OAo-00050-00019271-00019594 it's an old advance auto parts and so
+beRRMhP6OAo-00051-00019595-00019912 whenever we're not mowing then you know
+beRRMhP6OAo-00052-00019913-00020023 of course it comes all the way around
+beRRMhP6OAo-00053-00020024-00020325 here but uh when we're not mowing then
+beRRMhP6OAo-00054-00020326-00020803 we are picking up trash and so we
+beRRMhP6OAo-00055-00020804-00021007 literally come once a month
+beRRMhP6OAo-00056-00021008-00021181 alright come once a month pick the trash
+beRRMhP6OAo-00057-00021182-00021607 up and then once march/april starts then
+beRRMhP6OAo-00058-00021608-00022039 we'll start mowing this again so yeah so
+beRRMhP6OAo-00059-00022040-00022366 literally good money just to stop by
+beRRMhP6OAo-00060-00022367-00022816 pick up some trash and I even found even
+beRRMhP6OAo-00061-00022817-00023056 found a lantern laying out on the lawn
+beRRMhP6OAo-00062-00023057-00023398 so possibly it's from quick trip here
+beRRMhP6OAo-00063-00023399-00023719 and I was like whoa this is kind of cool
+beRRMhP6OAo-00064-00023720-00024010 I guess but uh and it works so you can't
+beRRMhP6OAo-00065-00024011-00024139 beat hey
+beRRMhP6OAo-00066-00024140-00024547 free free uh light I guess so let's go
+beRRMhP6OAo-00067-00024548-00024760 uh my haircut place is right over here
+beRRMhP6OAo-00068-00024761-00025012 so actually it's right behind that tree
+beRRMhP6OAo-00069-00025013-00025228 right there my haircut place and then of
+beRRMhP6OAo-00070-00025229-00025396 course we got the Price Chopper Burger
+beRRMhP6OAo-00071-00025397-00025756 King blah blah blah but the people that
+beRRMhP6OAo-00072-00025757-00025864 own the China walk here
+beRRMhP6OAo-00073-00025864-00026245 I also mow their property once season
+beRRMhP6OAo-00074-00026245-00026533 starts so I do it to their their actual
+beRRMhP6OAo-00075-00026533-00026812 residents so this is our haircut place
+beRRMhP6OAo-00076-00026813-00026986 we're gonna go see if our stylist is in
+beRRMhP6OAo-00077-00026987-00027258 it don't look like our stylist is in so
+beRRMhP6OAo-00078-00027260-00027568 we may have to make a trip and instead
+beRRMhP6OAo-00079-00027569-00027864 of going to Great Clips here then we may
+beRRMhP6OAo-00080-00027866-00028226 end up having to go
+beRRMhP6OAo-00081-00028227-00028500 my favorite place that I don't really
+beRRMhP6OAo-00082-00028501-00028722 want to drive to but it's good sports
+beRRMhP6OAo-00083-00028723-00029226 clips so let's get rolling look at you
+beRRMhP6OAo-00084-00029227-00029322 you're all excited
+beRRMhP6OAo-00085-00029323-00029499 all right well daddy's gonna go get his
+beRRMhP6OAo-00086-00029500-00029934 done okay all right all right did you
+beRRMhP6OAo-00087-00029935-00030024 get your hair cut
+beRRMhP6OAo-00088-00030025-00030656 you're looking good looking snazzy yeah
+beRRMhP6OAo-00089-00030657-00031017 all right well we got our hair cut done
+beRRMhP6OAo-00090-00031018-00031221 what do y'all go get your hair cut y'all
+beRRMhP6OAo-00091-00031222-00031425 got a special stylist you always use
+beRRMhP6OAo-00092-00031426-00031644 usually I use one person because I know
+beRRMhP6OAo-00093-00031645-00031968 it's done I know it's done right you're
+beRRMhP6OAo-00094-00031969-00032754 ready for your party now ain't you oh
+beRRMhP6OAo-00095-00032755-00032961 you won't need any for now and before
+beRRMhP6OAo-00096-00032962-00033333 Tuesday the fifth but we're having your
+beRRMhP6OAo-00097-00033334-00033732 party tomorrow all right so now we got
+beRRMhP6OAo-00098-00033733-00034026 to go get some kerosene and then we got
+beRRMhP6OAo-00099-00034027-00034392 to go to Walmart and you gonna pick out
+beRRMhP6OAo-00100-00034393-00034782 some cupcakes yeah all right let's get
+beRRMhP6OAo-00101-00034783-00034913 going
+beRRMhP6OAo-00102-00034914-00035526 all right so word mfa oil and here's the
+beRRMhP6OAo-00103-00035527-00035982 kerosene pump right here and it's just
+beRRMhP6OAo-00104-00035983-00036162 this is the only place that carries
+beRRMhP6OAo-00105-00036163-00036537 kerosene anywhere close by so what you
+beRRMhP6OAo-00106-00036538-00036685 do is you take your card and you put it
+beRRMhP6OAo-00107-00036686-00036897 in the little machine and then you pick
+beRRMhP6OAo-00108-00036898-00037044 which pump you want and then you pump
+beRRMhP6OAo-00109-00037045-00037347 your kerosene and then you go back over
+beRRMhP6OAo-00110-00037348-00037626 there insert your card and it will print
+beRRMhP6OAo-00111-00037627-00038022 you receipt so yeah this is a three
+beRRMhP6OAo-00112-00038023-00038253 dollars and ninety four cents a gallon
+beRRMhP6OAo-00113-00038254-00038766 so it's way cheaper than buying it by
+beRRMhP6OAo-00114-00038767-00038935 the gallon at Walmart or something
+beRRMhP6OAo-00115-00038936-00039231 Lowe's any place like that because I can
+beRRMhP6OAo-00116-00039232-00039561 get two and a half gallons for what I
+beRRMhP6OAo-00117-00039562-00039912 get one gallon for at Walmart and then
+beRRMhP6OAo-00118-00039913-00040404 you know it's k1 so it's the good stuff
+beRRMhP6OAo-00119-00040405-00040899 but I also buy a like a pine scent that
+beRRMhP6OAo-00120-00040900-00041154 I pour in and so it puts off like a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00121-00041155-00041395 scent instead of a kerosene scent
+beRRMhP6OAo-00122-00041396-00041872 so let's get some kerosene
+beRRMhP6OAo-00123-00041873-00043144 [Music]
+beRRMhP6OAo-00124-00043145-00043376 don't get to go to Walmart do some
+beRRMhP6OAo-00125-00043377-00043543 shopping
+beRRMhP6OAo-00126-00043544-00043742 alright guys so we had to stop by the
+beRRMhP6OAo-00127-00043743-00043934 gas station because I was running low
+beRRMhP6OAo-00128-00043935-00044348 and couldn't beat the price so I mean I
+beRRMhP6OAo-00129-00044349-00044630 use premium and all my stuff so we're
+beRRMhP6OAo-00130-00044631-00044900 looking at two might as well say 213 a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00131-00044901-00045479 gallon the 87 is only a dollar 74 so a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00132-00045480-00045773 dollar seventy four is what it is that's
+beRRMhP6OAo-00133-00045774-00046331 crazy all right well we made it home now
+beRRMhP6OAo-00134-00046332-00046541 we've got to get all the stuff in so
+beRRMhP6OAo-00135-00046542-00047030 let's just do this the easy way and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00136-00047031-00047162 that's how it's done
+beRRMhP6OAo-00137-00047163-00048275 oh yeah so put all this stuff up for the
+beRRMhP6OAo-00138-00048276-00048614 birthday party because the kid is uh he
+beRRMhP6OAo-00139-00048615-00048941 passed out on the way home so clean up
+beRRMhP6OAo-00140-00048942-00049115 the kitchen a little bit put this stuff
+beRRMhP6OAo-00141-00049116-00049307 up guys it's probably gonna do it for
+beRRMhP6OAo-00142-00049308-00049622 this video and get this thing edited put
+beRRMhP6OAo-00143-00049623-00049718 out for y'all uh
+beRRMhP6OAo-00144-00049719-00050101 as you've seen gas dollar seventy-three
+beRRMhP6OAo-00145-00050102-00050408 what's gas in your area let me know down
+beRRMhP6OAo-00146-00050409-00050660 below and I noticed on the way home that
+beRRMhP6OAo-00147-00050661-00050861 uh the past four hundred miles on my
+beRRMhP6OAo-00148-00050862-00051503 vehicle I've been getting 16.6 as a you
+beRRMhP6OAo-00149-00051504-00051679 know sixteen point six miles per gallon
+beRRMhP6OAo-00150-00051680-00052015 for highway and city driving that's both
+beRRMhP6OAo-00151-00052016-00052607 so goes up to about high nine teens or
+beRRMhP6OAo-00152-00052608-00052891 so when I do all highway and then if I
+beRRMhP6OAo-00153-00052892-00053171 do all City it drops to about fourteen
+beRRMhP6OAo-00154-00053172-00053324 fifteen somewhere around in there
+beRRMhP6OAo-00155-00053325-00053459 highway in City
+beRRMhP6OAo-00156-00053460-00053645 there you go around that sixteen point
+beRRMhP6OAo-00157-00053646-00053966 six ain't bad 167 thousand miles and
+beRRMhP6OAo-00158-00053966-00054275 I've got a tune up to do as well so I do
+beRRMhP6OAo-00159-00054276-00054560 it every T eighty thousand miles so I've
+beRRMhP6OAo-00160-00054561-00054869 got a tune up to do so yeah what's your
+beRRMhP6OAo-00161-00054870-00055117 gas mileage on your vehicle took me
+beRRMhP6OAo-00162-00055119-00055349 forty dollars and fifty cents to fill up
+beRRMhP6OAo-00163-00055350-00055550 from a quarter of a tank
+beRRMhP6OAo-00164-00055551-00055766 which it would it took me less than
+beRRMhP6OAo-00165-00055766-00056078 fifty to fill up all the way but uh let
+beRRMhP6OAo-00166-00056079-00056219 me know down below guys what gas
+beRRMhP6OAo-00167-00056220-00056300 processing
+beRRMhP6OAo-00168-00056301-00056546 and what are you getting miles per
+beRRMhP6OAo-00169-00056547-00056759 gallon of us you think I'm doing good
+beRRMhP6OAo-00170-00056760-00057229 6.2 liter v8 I think it's not bad so
+beRRMhP6OAo-00171-00057230-00057517 comment down below guys like comment
+beRRMhP6OAo-00172-00057519-00057698 subscribe we'll see you in the next one
+beRRMhP6OAo-00173-00057699-00057857 I'm gonna get ready for my son's
+beRRMhP6OAo-00174-00057858-00058025 birthday party tomorrow y'all have a
+beRRMhP6OAo-00175-00058026-00058073 good one
+beRRMhP6OAo-00176-00058074-00058275 thanks for watching
+beRRMhP6OAo-00177-00058276-00059140 [Music]
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00000-00000081-00000707 live from San Juan Puerto Rico the cube
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00001-00000708-00001064 blockchain unbound brought to you by
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00002-00001065-00001872 blockchain industries hello everyone
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00003-00001873-00002013 welcome back to our exclusive coverage
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00004-00002014-00002169 here in Puerto Rico of blockchain
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00005-00002170-00002361 unbound global conference where the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00006-00002362-00002463 leaders in the industry from
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00007-00002464-00002601 entrepreneurs to investors and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00008-00002602-00002676 everything in between
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00009-00002677-00002898 from San Francisco New York Miami South
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00010-00002899-00003063 Africa Russia all over the world are
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00011-00003064-00003242 here in Puerto Rico the cubes coverage
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00012-00003243-00003501 our next guest is Jimmy Brock well who
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00013-00003502-00003699 is hosting the event here on stage she's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00014-00003700-00003894 M seeing it all you go to our YouTube
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00015-00003895-00004146 channel slash Naomi Brock well check out
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00016-00004147-00004377 our videos host events all over the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00017-00004378-00004653 industry blockchain celebrity thought
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00018-00004654-00005163 leader futurist I have been in the space
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00019-00005164-00005358 for a while and I love blockchain tech
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00020-00005359-00005535 so it's exciting to be here well I'm
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00021-00005536-00005703 really impressed while your stamina and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00022-00005704-00005961 passion on stage what a lineup today so
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00023-00005962-00006228 give us the quick highlights what
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00024-00006229-00006417 happened today we were here filming what
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00025-00006418-00006584 happened inside the venue so some great
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00026-00006585-00006770 talks come through there yeah we saw
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00027-00006771-00006896 some great ones I mean probably a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00028-00006897-00007227 highlight for me was seeing Elena she
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00029-00007228-00007577 was the former CEO of Satoshi Labs which
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00030-00007578-00007817 created tracer one of my favorite hard
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00031-00007818-00008012 wallets by the way and it was just great
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00032-00008013-00008174 listening to her talk about security
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00033-00008175-00008342 because that is something that is so
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00034-00008343-00008516 important and people do not take
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00035-00008517-00008735 seriously enough like I have people
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00036-00008736-00008921 telling me on a Mei stand up this wallet
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00037-00008922-00009201 and I stood my public I was like so did
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00038-00009202-00009408 you write down your private key and all
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00039-00009409-00009596 that sort of safe places like yep it's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00040-00009597-00010041 in my Dropbox I took like this is no
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00041-00010042-00010256 good so hearing her basically say
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00042-00010257-00010421 anything that has touched the internet
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00043-00010422-00010637 ever any device that has been on the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00044-00010638-00010817 internet ever is not secure
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00045-00010818-00011123 do not trust it like you need to use a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00046-00011124-00011408 lot of wallet grabbing going on
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00047-00011409-00011624 digitally that's come up I saw some
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00048-00011625-00011862 stuff on telegram people that we know is
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00049-00011863-00012065 like a beware a lot of hacking out there
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00050-00012066-00012230 I watch your coins and also I mean
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00051-00012231-00012405 there's just huge gains to be made right
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00052-00012406-00012662 so it makes sense especially weeks
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00053-00012663-00012806 the price of Bitcoin to go up you have
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00054-00012807-00013094 hackers just targeting specific wallets
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00055-00013094-00013325 and specific vulnerabilities and they
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00056-00013326-00013472 just keep going until they get first so
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00057-00013472-00013613 you got to be vigilant and you got to
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00058-00013613-00013751 take every precaution possible use your
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00059-00013752-00013940 action is there a best practice that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00060-00013941-00014231 you've observed absolutely so don't
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00061-00014232-00014447 store anything online and okay another
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00062-00014447-00014594 thing people are telling me yeah you
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00063-00014594-00014903 know I I have on my private key written
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00064-00014904-00015041 down I'm like great you wrote it down
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00065-00015041-00015203 twice they're like yeah I just printed
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00066-00015204-00015491 that out twice I'm like no your prints
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00067-00015491-00015722 are stores an image of everything you've
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00068-00015722-00015887 ever printed out and it's connected to
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00069-00015888-00016069 Wi-Fi at all times that is gonna be
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00070-00016070-00016328 hacked do not print your private key
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00071-00016329-00016541 your paper wallet anything you've got to
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00072-00016542-00016721 write this down so paper and pen is the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00073-00016722-00016964 best practice you can use an old school
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00074-00016965-00017288 analog big time you have this amazing
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00075-00017289-00017522 new tech that's fantastic cutting-edge
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00076-00017523-00017705 and what are we doing to keep us safe
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00077-00017706-00017939 pen and paper okay turn off all Wi-Fi
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00078-00017940-00018325 put on some vinyl records recorder going
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00079-00018326-00018614 old-school holding your own coins
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00080-00018615-00018872 holding your own money having control of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00081-00018873-00019028 your own money no one said that that's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00082-00019029-00019205 the easiest practice they just said it
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00083-00019206-00019415 was the most secure and is gonna give
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00084-00019416-00019628 you the most power over your funds and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00085-00019629-00019772 so if you want to do that there's a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00086-00019773-00019931 price to pay and that is being vigilant
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00087-00019932-00020114 about your security well one of the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00088-00020115-00020267 things about that I'm interested in
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00089-00020268-00020384 talking to you about is being someone
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00090-00020385-00020522 who's present at creation of a big
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00091-00020523-00020690 movement like this you've seen the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00092-00020691-00020753 evolution
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00093-00020754-00021014 what's the growing pains in the industry
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00094-00021015-00021128 because we're seeing a lot of the people
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00095-00021129-00021224 who are the pioneers
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00096-00021225-00021389 now the people coming in I won't call
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00097-00021390-00021509 them tourists because it's still young
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00098-00021510-00021788 and emerging but you have a lot of you
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00099-00021789-00021925 know get-rich-quick schemes those are
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00100-00021926-00022040 obviously being filtered out pretty
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00101-00022041-00022208 quickly by the community while you're
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00102-00022209-00022388 seeing you know new entrants come in you
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00103-00022389-00022565 get financing you got big numbers coming
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00104-00022566-00022828 in big money how was it evolved and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00105-00022829-00022981 what's your observation how is it
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00106-00022982-00023255 maturing what's some of the vibe you got
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00107-00023256-00023381 some factions over here you've got some
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00108-00023382-00023581 factions over there people still getting
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00109-00023582-00023843 along what's the overall sentiment so
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00110-00023844-00024050 I've been in this space for about five
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00111-00024051-00024200 years so in this industry it's like
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00112-00024201-00024383 being an absolute veteran and what
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00113-00024384-00024483 you've seen is a start
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00114-00024484-00024717 this variant libertarian space people
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00115-00024718-00024954 were interested in taking their money
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00116-00024955-00025116 out of the control of government in
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00117-00025117-00025293 having more autonomy over their funds
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00118-00025294-00025496 having more control over their funds and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00119-00025497-00025839 and blockchain was invented as a tool
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00120-00025839-00026055 for giving people more freedom and what
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00121-00026056-00026205 you see now is a bunch of people who've
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00122-00026206-00026321 entered the space who don't necessarily
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00123-00026322-00026598 share that ethos but what I love about
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00124-00026599-00026789 blockchain is that they're taking this
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00125-00026791-00027018 technology that is inherently taking
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00126-00027019-00027204 people towards a more decentralized more
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00127-00027205-00027420 free society and they're applying it to
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00128-00027420-00027620 all different industries so my point of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00129-00027622-00027819 view it doesn't bother me at all that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00130-00027820-00028064 the new entrants don't necessarily share
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00131-00028066-00028271 this passion for freedom that the people
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00132-00028272-00028352 who've been here since the beginning
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00133-00028354-00028632 have but the fact that they are taking
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00134-00028633-00028818 this and making the world a more free
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00135-00028819-00029076 place regardless is really exciting to
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00136-00029077-00029187 me and that's the really opportunity
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00137-00029188-00029367 because inherently the east up is ethos
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00138-00029368-00029564 is blockchain so it's not so much a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00139-00029566-00029736 political orientation or a listserv that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00140-00029737-00030020 it's how you apply it exactly exactly
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00141-00030022-00030336 and so blockchain by being a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00142-00030337-00030627 decentralized ledger is great because
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00143-00030627-00030795 when you decentralize any power
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00144-00030795-00030977 structure no matter what industry it is
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00145-00030978-00031281 I mean you're really making people more
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00146-00031282-00031370 free you're giving them more
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00147-00031372-00031599 responsibilities and I like I like
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00148-00031600-00031787 seeing things become decent certainly
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00149-00031788-00031926 we're a media company we were kind of a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00150-00031927-00032073 new guard we don't believe in a central
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00151-00032074-00032226 gatekeeper so I got to answer the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00152-00032227-00032379 question as a youtuber who has a big fan
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00153-00032380-00032564 base and in the community you know it's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00154-00032566-00032760 really disheartening for me to see John
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00155-00032761-00032996 Oliver take down Rob Pierce although
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00156-00032997-00033135 it's a hilarious video up until the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00157-00033136-00033336 point where he maliciously went after
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00158-00033337-00033590 Brock in a very vicious way yeah how
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00159-00033591-00033801 does one person have that power I mean
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00160-00033802-00033996 it shouldn't be that way or the New York
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00161-00033997-00034182 Times or a certain publication that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00162-00034183-00034425 they're the gatekeepers still so we have
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00163-00034426-00034608 a mean that was an example I looked that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00164-00034609-00034770 said that's where blockchain can disrupt
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00165-00034771-00035025 the media I mean it's great comedy but
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00166-00035026-00035298 it kind of went over the top got fired
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00167-00035299-00035469 by the iou's project they wiped his name
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00168-00035470-00035726 up everything that's just a minute I
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00169-00035727-00035933 just see that as a problem
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00170-00035934-00036083 yeah what's your thoughts when you say
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00171-00036084-00036294 how do these people get back like John
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00172-00036295-00036458 Oliver is a funny guy I see how he got
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00173-00036459-00036599 there he's very talented
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00174-00036600-00036794 he has a great team great riding but
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00175-00036795-00036941 that section like I thought it was
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00176-00036942-00037019 pretty spot-on
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00177-00037020-00037289 for most of the Bitcoin segments it got
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00178-00037290-00037469 to that section I was like ah this is
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00179-00037470-00037721 kind of sloppy research so that was
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00180-00037722-00037958 disappointing I saw that Brendan bloomer
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00181-00037959-00038153 had a nice response that he posted he's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00182-00038154-00038681 had a he it was just very funny and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00183-00038682-00039008 playful with with John so that was nice
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00184-00039009-00039209 to see he set him straight in terms of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00185-00039210-00039359 saying like what does this technology
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00186-00039360-00039590 enable well he was basically arguing
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00187-00039591-00039764 blockchain doesn't go far enough it
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00188-00039765-00040007 doesn't fulfill the needs that I see in
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00189-00040008-00040172 society so I created this other thing
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00190-00040173-00040559 which does XYZ and so he was authorized
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00191-00040560-00040799 even stating that no you just don't
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00192-00040800-00041033 understand the tech and he basically
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00193-00041034-00041273 clarified the Brock situation and said
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00194-00041274-00041444 no actually having him involved was
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00195-00041445-00041636 really great he's not involved for
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00196-00041637-00041965 various reasons but yeah it was it was
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00197-00041966-00042179 it was an interesting segment that is so
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00198-00042180-00042383 funny yeah one point I'm like oh boy I
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00199-00042384-00042557 was enjoying it up till then I was like
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00200-00042558-00042865 okay this makes sense you know and then
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00201-00042866-00043031 it gets up to that and I'm like okay
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00202-00043032-00043214 this just became an ad hominem attack
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00203-00043215-00043436 this is a cheap throw and people do that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00204-00043437-00043727 with Bitcoin they um since its inception
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00205-00043728-00043949 you've seen people and media and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00206-00043950-00044108 mainstream media in particular target
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00207-00044109-00044240 Bitcoin and they're just adopting the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00208-00044241-00044390 government narrative saying oh everyone
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00209-00044391-00044555 in this industry is corrupt all everyone
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00210-00044556-00044720 in this industry is an ICS camera Oh
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00211-00044721-00044978 everyone in this industry is a a drug
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00212-00044979-00045236 runner and they're all selling drugs on
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00213-00045237-00045488 the dark web and and it's like you know
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00214-00045489-00045659 what like you can do some research and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00215-00045660-00045782 don't get better than that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00216-00045783-00045995 so to see John Oliver perpetuating those
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00217-00045996-00046226 ad hominem attacks was disappointing but
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00218-00046227-00046367 at the same time we are seeing the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00219-00046368-00046535 narrative shift and you're seeing more
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00220-00046536-00046760 news outlets become more positive about
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00221-00046761-00046832 Bitcoin
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00222-00046833-00047015 also the data is the self-govern the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00223-00047016-00047183 community has the day the truth is going
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00224-00047184-00047312 to get out there that's the purpose of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00225-00047313-00047561 Bitcoin blockchain and crypto you guys
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00226-00047562-00047789 consensus you got algorithms you got
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00227-00047790-00048104 machine learning okay cool so what are
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00228-00048105-00048377 you up to getting exciting a couple
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00229-00048378-00048496 things going on you got a lot going on
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00230-00048497-00048734 so take a quick minute to explain your
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00231-00048735-00048980 big project you right so we got shining
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00232-00048981-00049211 cool things share it got some fun things
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00233-00049212-00049400 going on at the moment so while I'm not
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00234-00049401-00049682 M saying like 20 to 40 blockchain
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00235-00049683-00049826 conferences a year
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00236-00049827-00050069 exciting but takes up a lot of my time
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00237-00050070-00050237 I'm a television producer I have my own
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00238-00050238-00050654 show so Bitcoin blockchain text and then
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00239-00050655-00050804 on top of that so I'm a film producer
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00240-00050805-00050984 television producer we're working on a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00241-00050985-00051146 really exciting series right now it's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00242-00051147-00051371 called the hard fork series and it's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00243-00051372-00051578 this dystopian future is the sci-fi
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00244-00051579-00051971 thriller 18 million or well it's a large
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00245-00051972-00052301 budget and we have the vitamin guys from
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00246-00052302-00052469 Osaka Netflix original if you haven't
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00247-00052470-00052607 seen it you should say it's a great show
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00248-00052608-00052885 Christopher James Baker as our lead and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00249-00052886-00053155 the community support we have garnered
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00250-00053157-00053357 for this project is great because we
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00251-00053358-00053651 have not only Hollywood types where our
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00252-00053652-00053963 directors and Sundance alumni we've also
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00253-00053964-00054113 got people in the crypto space who have
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00254-00054114-00054254 a huge amount of credibility we've got
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00255-00054254-00054497 Bruce Benton Jason King on our Board of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00256-00054498-00054734 Advisors people who understand the space
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00257-00054735-00055042 so the community is excited about for
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00258-00055044-00055229 the first time having a mainstream
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00259-00055229-00055451 production that is being created with a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00260-00055452-00055736 large budget that where we have where
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00261-00055737-00055877 people in the industry have control of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00262-00055878-00056066 the narrative we haven't let control of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00263-00056066-00056258 the narrative yes true the government's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00264-00056259-00056426 still controlling at mainstream media is
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00265-00056427-00056612 still controlling it and so to create a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00266-00056613-00056897 series that could potentially expose
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00267-00056898-00057044 people to this technology for the first
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00268-00057045-00057245 time and to have control of that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00269-00057246-00057410 narrative is exciting so what is gonna
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00270-00057411-00057602 be the inspiration was gonna be it's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00271-00057603-00057770 gonna be Gracie it's a it's a sci-fi
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00272-00057771-00057920 thriller we call it a Krypto thrill and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00273-00057921-00058064 why is that not the best genre you've
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00274-00058065-00058265 ever heard it's pretty cool so it's this
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00275-00058266-00058454 idea that in the future the government
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00276-00058454-00058760 has their own blockchain and this crypto
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00277-00058761-00058949 coin that they have it's all centralized
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00278-00058950-00059282 and they control the populace with this
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00279-00059283-00059465 old mansard reality where everything is
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00280-00059466-00059660 gave a fied basically the idea is the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00281-00059661-00059765 government's trying to distract people
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00282-00059766-00059984 from important issues by gamifying
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00283-00059985-00060137 everything you have this group of
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00284-00060138-00060292 renegades who comes in and they're like
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00285-00060294-00060629 no we're gonna do centralize this and so
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00286-00060629-00060851 they come in and work their magic mr.
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00287-00060852-00061082 robot meets black mirror oh yeah no it's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00288-00061083-00061466 pretty great yes it basically is a tale
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00289-00061466-00061676 about the power of decentralization and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00290-00061677-00061937 how it can disrupt authoritarian role
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00291-00061938-00062129 which i think is just a great topic for
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00292-00062129-00062261 right now and what's your background
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00293-00062262-00062453 were you out of LA New York so I'm
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00294-00062454-00062596 basting
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00295-00062597-00062902 my background actually I was an opera
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00296-00062903-00063061 singer that's how I got here I moved to
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00297-00063062-00063334 New York as an opera singer and and then
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00298-00063335-00063661 pivoted into movie production and from
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00299-00063662-00063802 there went on to television production
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00300-00063803-00064021 and I got into the crypto space because
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00301-00064022-00064186 I'm really interested in Austrian
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00302-00064187-00064351 economics and love the philosophy that
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00303-00064352-00064552 Bitcoin was created on so it's been an
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00304-00064553-00064897 interesting journey into the light yeah
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00305-00064898-00065065 I bring in everything together now with
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00306-00065066-00065437 my like Bitcoin economics based crypto
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00307-00065438-00065644 thrillin waz so it's pretty exciting
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00308-00065645-00065770 well I'm super impressed and
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00309-00065771-00065938 congratulations on all your continued
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00310-00065939-00066139 success great job emceeing the
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00311-00066140-00066367 blockchain inbound great energy great
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00312-00066368-00066556 mind great to have you on the cube
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00313-00066557-00066721 thanks for sharing mind if I defeat you
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00314-00066722-00066916 Ari thanks very damn it's the I'm just a
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00315-00066917-00067066 cute I'm John Fourier here breaking down
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00316-00067067-00067246 we got all the action in Puerto Rico
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00317-00067247-00067516 thought leaders entrepreneurs investors
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00318-00067517-00067741 people in the industry sharing their
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00319-00067742-00067930 story sharing the data with you that's
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00320-00067931-00067996 our mission
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00321-00067997-00068245 thanks for watching day to tomorrow
+bfGlEQqx9jk-00322-00068246-00068518 we'll see you then
+bidmYIcv8OY-00000-00001492-00002687 is
+bidmYIcv8OY-00001-00002688-00003790 what you want
+bidmYIcv8OY-00002-00003792-00004070 huh how's that huh how does that work
+bidmYIcv8OY-00003-00004071-00004151 for you
+bidmYIcv8OY-00004-00004152-00004987 much better you hey you stay out of this
+bidmYIcv8OY-00005-00004988-00005359 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00006-00005360-00006719 hey stop
+bidmYIcv8OY-00007-00006720-00007070 he's not worth it daniels
+bidmYIcv8OY-00008-00007072-00007367 don't crouch why'd you run you must be
+bidmYIcv8OY-00009-00007368-00007855 hiding something
+bidmYIcv8OY-00010-00007856-00008607 son of a [__] was holding out on us
+bidmYIcv8OY-00011-00008608-00008927 the [__] to say these
+bidmYIcv8OY-00012-00008928-00009110 are orders to plant explosives on the
+bidmYIcv8OY-00013-00009111-00009239 bridge in remagen
+bidmYIcv8OY-00014-00009240-00009383 ordinance is going to be loaded onto
+bidmYIcv8OY-00015-00009384-00009614 trucks five miles north of here
+bidmYIcv8OY-00016-00009615-00009895 if i'm reading this right it's the last
+bidmYIcv8OY-00017-00009896-00010119 bridge standing across the rhine
+bidmYIcv8OY-00018-00010120-00011159 wait that's something friends
+bidmYIcv8OY-00019-00011160-00011303 enemy trucks with explosives will be
+bidmYIcv8OY-00020-00011304-00011478 coming through here so we can't let them
+bidmYIcv8OY-00021-00011479-00011614 get to the ride
+bidmYIcv8OY-00022-00011615-00011767 pierson thought us to block the road by
+bidmYIcv8OY-00023-00011768-00011942 bringing down these trees where the hell
+bidmYIcv8OY-00024-00011943-00012031 is pierson
+bidmYIcv8OY-00025-00012032-00012199 probably in some heidi hole with the
+bidmYIcv8OY-00026-00012200-00012478 detonator and this whiskey
+bidmYIcv8OY-00027-00012479-00012687 you know what else gets drunk
+bidmYIcv8OY-00028-00012688-00012799 hypothermia
+bidmYIcv8OY-00029-00012800-00013094 not if we keep moving stiles you're with
+bidmYIcv8OY-00030-00013095-00013263 pearson's group just by luck
+bidmYIcv8OY-00031-00013263-00013430 daniel zusman you come with me while i
+bidmYIcv8OY-00032-00013431-00013575 set the final charge
+bidmYIcv8OY-00033-00013576-00014415 then we ambush the trucks
+bidmYIcv8OY-00034-00014416-00014583 good thing we found that intelligence
+bidmYIcv8OY-00035-00014584-00014766 huh one step closer to the right
+bidmYIcv8OY-00036-00014768-00014958 we're breathing down adolf's neck just
+bidmYIcv8OY-00037-00014959-00016183 gotta stop those trucks
+bidmYIcv8OY-00038-00016184-00017022 i got this go watch the roads
+bidmYIcv8OY-00039-00017023-00017311 there's our signal trucks are inbound up
+bidmYIcv8OY-00040-00017312-00017575 here daniel trump's the best dude
+bidmYIcv8OY-00041-00017576-00019683 get up here
+bidmYIcv8OY-00042-00019684-00020791 surprise
+bidmYIcv8OY-00043-00020792-00021455 go go
+bidmYIcv8OY-00044-00021456-00023655 enemy leaving
+bidmYIcv8OY-00045-00023656-00025283 all right
+bidmYIcv8OY-00046-00025284-00027362 birthday
+bidmYIcv8OY-00047-00027363-00028676 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00048-00028677-00029212 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00049-00029213-00029483 [Applause]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00050-00029483-00029961 birthday
+bidmYIcv8OY-00051-00029962-00030895 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00052-00030895-00031199 ello get it ready to move out
+bidmYIcv8OY-00053-00031200-00032095 howard takes him in and clear the road
+bidmYIcv8OY-00054-00032095-00034102 got the first aid kit
+bidmYIcv8OY-00055-00034103-00034262 find a high vantage to cover our
+bidmYIcv8OY-00056-00034263-00035083 assaults we can take out those
+bidmYIcv8OY-00057-00035084-00036098 trucks
+bidmYIcv8OY-00058-00036099-00036735 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00059-00036736-00036902 there's our two high points near the
+bidmYIcv8OY-00060-00036903-00037883 front gate must be a few ways to sneak
+bidmYIcv8OY-00061-00037884-00039039 in
+bidmYIcv8OY-00062-00039040-00040718 flat croucher everywhere
+bidmYIcv8OY-00063-00040719-00040846 all right now we gotta find the vantage
+bidmYIcv8OY-00064-00040847-00043483 by the gate
+bidmYIcv8OY-00065-00043484-00045358 oh
+bidmYIcv8OY-00066-00045359-00045535 we need to find a high advantage so we
+bidmYIcv8OY-00067-00045536-00047683 can help destroy those explosives
+bidmYIcv8OY-00068-00047684-00049083 so
+bidmYIcv8OY-00069-00049084-00050483 assistant
+bidmYIcv8OY-00070-00050484-00051032 foreign
+bidmYIcv8OY-00071-00051033-00051882 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00072-00051883-00054682 is
+bidmYIcv8OY-00073-00054683-00055303 us
+bidmYIcv8OY-00074-00055304-00056252 that should make our results
+bidmYIcv8OY-00075-00056253-00057079 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00076-00057079-00058240 we have to keep
+bidmYIcv8OY-00077-00058241-00059000 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00078-00059001-00059935 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00079-00059936-00060396 hurry up we can climb the radar building
+bidmYIcv8OY-00080-00060397-00061047 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00081-00061048-00061182 pierson's coming through the gate to our
+bidmYIcv8OY-00082-00061183-00062166 right get ready scout the area
+bidmYIcv8OY-00083-00062167-00064215 to the top
+bidmYIcv8OY-00084-00064216-00065759 first aid kit here
+bidmYIcv8OY-00085-00065760-00066582 i got it
+bidmYIcv8OY-00086-00066583-00067606 could use some help
+bidmYIcv8OY-00087-00067607-00069217 help me
+bidmYIcv8OY-00088-00069218-00069806 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00089-00069807-00070271 here's the first truck
+bidmYIcv8OY-00090-00070272-00070799 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00091-00070800-00071647 move to the next position follow me
+bidmYIcv8OY-00092-00071648-00073485 our boys
+bidmYIcv8OY-00093-00073486-00074030 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00094-00074031-00074655 [Applause]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00095-00074656-00077082 damn it
+bidmYIcv8OY-00096-00077083-00078482 hey
+bidmYIcv8OY-00097-00078483-00079882 so
+bidmYIcv8OY-00098-00079883-00080431 oh
+bidmYIcv8OY-00099-00080432-00082410 come on
+bidmYIcv8OY-00101-00085483-00085799 birthday
+bidmYIcv8OY-00102-00085800-00087106 birthday get here
+bidmYIcv8OY-00103-00087107-00089682 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00104-00089683-00092482 uh
+bidmYIcv8OY-00105-00092483-00093626 uh
+bidmYIcv8OY-00106-00093627-00093903 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00108-00098083-00098967 birthday
+bidmYIcv8OY-00109-00098968-00100294 fall back
+bidmYIcv8OY-00111-00103683-00104895 okay
+bidmYIcv8OY-00112-00104896-00105031 i'm sorry about your buddy but we need
+bidmYIcv8OY-00113-00105032-00105790 to hit that last
+bidmYIcv8OY-00114-00105791-00108286 i can't believe
+bidmYIcv8OY-00115-00108288-00110683 let's go
+bidmYIcv8OY-00116-00110683-00111983 so
+bidmYIcv8OY-00117-00111983-00112551 you're still right
+bidmYIcv8OY-00119-00116283-00119083 ugh
+bidmYIcv8OY-00120-00119083-00120074 uh
+bidmYIcv8OY-00121-00120075-00120483 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00122-00120483-00120990 so
+bidmYIcv8OY-00123-00120991-00121199 you disobey the direct order then i
+bidmYIcv8OY-00124-00121200-00121534 guess you better court-martial me
+bidmYIcv8OY-00125-00121535-00122047 desertion is a capital office
+bidmYIcv8OY-00126-00122048-00122327 so maybe i should just do us all a favor
+bidmYIcv8OY-00127-00122328-00122575 and finish the job
+bidmYIcv8OY-00128-00122576-00123007 sergeant
+bidmYIcv8OY-00129-00123008-00124366 it's over you gotta replace it my
+bidmYIcv8OY-00130-00124367-00126083 you did everything you could
+bidmYIcv8OY-00131-00126083-00127899 okay
+bidmYIcv8OY-00132-00127900-00128882 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00133-00128883-00129295 [Music]
+bidmYIcv8OY-00134-00129296-00131683 the union
+bidmYIcv8OY-00135-00131684-00131975 dick
+bidmYIcv8OY-00137-00135691-00135991 foreign
+bihlkkalZ4Y-00001-00007053-00007175 [Applause]
+bihlkkalZ4Y-00002-00007176-00007384 you
+biHDF6EHaRu-00000-00000145-00000511 [Music]
+biHDF6EHaRu-00001-00000512-00001277 hello everybody
+biHDF6EHaRu-00002-00001278-00002700 [Music]
+biHDF6EHaRu-00003-00002701-00003577 [Music]
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00000-00000000-00000505 and what was interesting was several
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00001-00000506-00000782 things came out of that but the first
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00002-00000783-00001258 thing was that not all countries had to
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00003-00001259-00001660 participate in Kyoto but not all had to
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00004-00001661-00001955 take action only the developed nations
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00005-00001955-00002165 were required to reduce their level of
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00006-00002166-00002522 co2 the developing nations were excluded
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00007-00002523-00002893 of course at that time China was in some
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00008-00002894-00003080 ways you can argue still as a developing
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00009-00003081-00003317 nation so it wasn't required to meet any
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00010-00003318-00003584 targets under Kyoto nor was India the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00011-00003585-00003872 u.s. of course held out and what's
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00012-00003872-00004072 interesting is that the US Senate voted
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00013-00004073-00004385 95 to nothing against the Kyoto Accord
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00014-00004386-00004604 even though Al Gore was the vice
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00015-00004605-00004958 president at the time and lucky for him
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00016-00004959-00005272 he didn't have to cast the deciding vote
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00017-00005273-00005654 but so is 95 to nothing against it
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00018-00005655-00005897 because the US Senate saw no this is
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00019-00005898-00006125 this is a socialist distribution of
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00020-00006126-00006293 wealth this is this is going to cost
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00021-00006294-00006598 jobs and economy and so they scrapped it
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00022-00006600-00006842 completely we're now told that you have
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00023-00006843-00007052 to buy carbon offsets in other words if
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00024-00007053-00007285 you have sinned by having a carbon
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00025-00007286-00007538 footprint and by carbon emissions you've
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00026-00007539-00007759 got to buy a carbon offset which is
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00027-00007761-00007939 usually a scam somebody claims to have
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00028-00007940-00008144 planted an acre of grass in the third
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00029-00008145-00008303 world it never happened they take your
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00030-00008304-00008485 money and laugh all the way to the bank
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00031-00008486-00008681 but they're telling you that in order to
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00032-00008682-00008891 cleanse your guilt you've got to buy a
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00033-00008892-00009146 carbon offset talk about carbon
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00034-00009147-00009346 polluters you talk about them it's my
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00035-00009347-00009514 understanding that back in nineteen
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00036-00009515-00009631 ninety seven when you were vice
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00037-00009632-00009917 president and ron's CEO Ken Lay was
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00038-00009918-00010139 involved in discussions with you at the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00039-00010140-00010358 White House about helping develop this
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00040-00010359-00010598 type of policy this trading scheme and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00041-00010599-00010808 is that is that accurate is it
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00042-00010809-00011255 inaccurate it's been reported ah I don't
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00043-00011256-00011606 know but but I I met with the Ken Lay as
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00044-00011607-00011870 lots of people did before anybody knew
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00045-00011871-00012181 knew that he was writing and clearly it
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00046-00012182-00012370 you can see why so many of us are
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00047-00012371-00012610 concerned about this type of
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00048-00012611-00012893 cap-and-trade energy tax that would be
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00049-00012894-00013160 literally turning over this country's
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00050-00013161-00013294 ina join well economy
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00051-00013296-00013532 all in candy boy well you knew him well
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00052-00013533-00013676 enough to help devise this trading
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00053-00013677-00013888 scheme and obviously we know what Enron
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00054-00013890-00014099 and these big guys on on Wall Street
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00055-00014100-00014269 like Goldman Sachs and I know you've got
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00056-00014271-00014569 interest with Goldman Sachs no well it's
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00057-00014571-00014825 that's been reported is that not act no
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00058-00014826-00015080 I I wish I did executives from your
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00059-00015081-00015281 partner ting companies with executives
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00060-00015282-00015463 from Goldman Sachs well if you're not Al
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00061-00015465-00015743 Gore has got to be the greatest con
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00062-00015744-00016001 artist in modern history this guy claims
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00063-00016002-00016169 he invented the internet even though
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00064-00016169-00016352 it's on record he's a liar and he got
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00065-00016353-00016580 away with it he was the pitch man that
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00066-00016581-00016780 successfully sold as vice president
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00067-00016781-00017033 NAFTA and gap it's lowered the standard
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00068-00017034-00017174 of living in the united states of mexico
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00069-00017175-00017414 and almost completely d industrialized
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00070-00017415-00017654 our country now he's saying you should
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00071-00017655-00017915 pay him and his private company set up
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00072-00017916-00018278 by Enron a carbon tax on breathing look
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00073-00018279-00018461 if you want to buy Al Gore's propaganda
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00074-00018462-00018677 go ahead but before you do that you
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00075-00018678-00018818 should at least look into the claims
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00076-00018819-00019046 he's making there was a meeting in the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00077-00019047-00019342 White House in 1998 between Al Gore and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00078-00019343-00019847 Bill Clinton Ken Lay and Lord Browne
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00079-00019848-00020084 okay well who were these people well we
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00080-00020085-00020240 know the president the vice president
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00081-00020241-00020468 Ken Lay of course was the president of
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00082-00020469-00020855 Enron an egg ron was a major major
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00083-00020856-00021131 player in the carbon credit carbon
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00084-00021132-00021413 trading and and in fact stood to make an
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00085-00021414-00021599 enormous amount of money out of it and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00086-00021600-00022067 and so it was part of that I think one
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00087-00022068-00022343 of the collapse of enron and Laura Brown
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00088-00022344-00022562 of course was the head of the largest
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00089-00022563-00022918 oil company in the world and they were
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00090-00022919-00023213 looking to buy into this as is happening
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00091-00023214-00023429 now where the energy companies are
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00092-00023430-00023642 becoming the big promoters of all we got
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00093-00023643-00023792 to go green we got to go to alternate
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00094-00023793-00024161 energies and all of this this stuff they
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00095-00024162-00024404 saw a business opportunity and left onto
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00096-00024405-00024545 it and one that would make them look
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00097-00024546-00024956 green again when it came time for the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00098-00024957-00025265 1200 + page greenhouse gas emission and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00099-00025266-00025526 carbon legislation to be voted on the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00100-00025527-00025742 Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi would
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00101-00025743-00025972 not let the Republicans or even members
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00102-00025973-00026180 of her own party see the bill until
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00103-00026181-00026426 minutes before the vote
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00104-00026427-00026690 Republican minority leader John Boehner
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00105-00026691-00026955 engage in a rare house filibuster and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00106-00026956-00027168 read shocking section after shocking
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00107-00027169-00027417 section from the legislation I really
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00108-00027418-00027745 hate to do this when you file a 300-page
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00109-00027747-00028167 amendment a 309 am American people have
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00110-00028168-00028314 a right to know what's in this bill I
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00111-00028314-00028467 have a right to know what we're voting
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00112-00028468-00029489 on page 48 each building code
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00113-00029491-00029682 enforcement department receiving a grant
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00114-00029683-00029970 under subsection a shall own panel a
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00115-00029970-00030200 code administration and enforcement team
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00116-00030201-00030429 consisting of at least one full time
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00117-00030430-00030662 building code enforcement officer a city
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00118-00030663-00030999 planner and a health planner or similar
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00119-00031000-00031304 officer I can take you to Chickasaw
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00120-00031305-00031686 mercer county in my district they don't
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00121-00031687-00031937 have one full-time person that works for
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00122-00031938-00032226 the village all right not one look at
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00123-00032227-00032489 the mandate on every city village in
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00124-00032491-00032787 america right here in this bill so that
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00125-00032788-00032967 we're not going to tell you what the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00126-00032968-00033333 codes are going to be but but we're
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00127-00033334-00033486 going to tell you how many people you
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00128-00033487-00033777 need to hire to enforce this page 41
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00129-00033778-00034005 determine any geographic area within the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00130-00034006-00034209 contiguous united states that lacks a
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00131-00034210-00034542 federal power marketing agency because
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00132-00034543-00034761 you know we can't move power around the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00133-00034762-00034902 country without a federal power
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00134-00034903-00035165 marketing agency we do it today but i'll
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00135-00035166-00035292 be now we have to have a new government
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00136-00035293-00035612 agency to do this all california housing
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00137-00035613-00035871 standards are now going to be imposed on
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00138-00035872-00036225 every american community you don't have
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00139-00036226-00036444 the right that to have your own building
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00140-00036445-00036615 standards in your community or in your
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00141-00036616-00036858 state hell no the federal government's
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00142-00036859-00037062 got to tell you what they are it quickly
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00143-00037063-00037265 became clear why pelosi and the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00144-00037266-00037452 democratic leadership were desperate to
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00145-00037453-00037629 keep the contents of the bill secret
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00146-00037630-00037881 before the vote now because of this
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00147-00037882-00038130 underlying bill the federal government
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00148-00038131-00038418 will virtually have control over every
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00149-00038419-00038709 aspect of lives for the American people
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00150-00038710-00039150 it is time to stand up and say we get to
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00151-00039151-00039440 choose we choose liberty or we choose
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00152-00039441-00039662 tyranny it's one of the two
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00153-00039663-00039896 the underlying bill represents the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00154-00039897-00040098 tyranny and the intervention of the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00155-00040099-00040373 federal government it's our choice what
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00156-00040374-00040595 will we choose today will we choose
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00157-00040596-00040868 liberty or will we choose tyranny and I
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00158-00040869-00041133 know that will be facing the single moms
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00159-00041134-00041448 that heard from last summer they can't
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00160-00041449-00041679 afford the gasoline bill they can't
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00161-00041680-00042036 afford the propane you didn't do a great
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00162-00042037-00042392 thing you hurt some really decent
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00163-00042393-00042671 families struggling trying to make it
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00164-00042672-00042827 and this is going to be their death
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00165-00042828-00043092 knell it breaks my heart I yield back it
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00166-00043093-00043458 is of course a carbon tax on economic
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00167-00043459-00043796 activity farming manufacturing real
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00168-00043797-00044039 production here inside the United States
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00169-00044040-00044373 it would tend to shut down even those
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00170-00044374-00044586 miserable remains of an industrial
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00171-00044587-00044843 economy that we still have after the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00172-00044844-00045060 collapse of the Detroit automakers and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00173-00045061-00045374 their related subcontractors and so
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00174-00045375-00045626 forth every home in business in the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00175-00045627-00045780 United States would be federally
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00176-00045781-00046014 regulated and controlled mandatory home
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00177-00046015-00046205 inspections will be carried out by
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00178-00046206-00046433 federal inspectors and it's all at the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00179-00046434-00046676 expense of the homeowner in New York
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00180-00046677-00046845 they're called the environmental police
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00181-00046846-00047151 on this day a surprise visit to a market
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00182-00047152-00047385 in Brooklyn's Chinatown and every day
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00183-00047386-00047601 you're not in compliance you face huge
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00184-00047602-00048038 fines go to page 235 the Secretary may
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00185-00048039-00048263 set and collect reasonable inspection
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00186-00048264-00048435 fees to cover the cost of inspections
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00187-00048436-00048636 required so number one they can come in
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00188-00048637-00048786 the federal government can come in and
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00189-00048787-00048948 spec your house and send you the bill
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00190-00048949-00049121 and if they find that you're out of
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00191-00049122-00049268 compliance with this new federal code
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00192-00049269-00049548 the secretary shall assess a civil
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00193-00049549-00049820 penalty for violations of this section
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00194-00049821-00050186 and then further going to page 236 each
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00195-00050187-00050555 day of unlawful occupancy shall be
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00196-00050556-00050882 considered a separate violation we're
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00197-00050883-00051149 setting up a global warming Gustavo that
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00198-00051150-00051317 can literally come in and now this new
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00199-00051319-00051695 term unlawful occupancy so now living in
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00200-00051696-00051960 your home is considered unlawful under
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00201-00051961-00052250 this bill this is ludicrous worst of all
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00202-00052251-00052339 car
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00203-00052340-00052645 Zars in more than 35 federal agencies
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00204-00052646-00052951 are given unlimited dictatorial power to
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00205-00052952-00053170 tax all forms of carbon and carbon
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00206-00053171-00053569 emissions the commas are green police
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00207-00053570-00053797 openly brag that they will have the
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00208-00053798-00054007 power to selectively enforce the new
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00209-00054008-00054298 edicts on a case-by-case basis it's
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00210-00054299-00054451 funny because when I tell people what I
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00211-00054452-00054703 do for a living they the first response
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00212-00054704-00054913 usually is you were the environmental
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00213-00054914-00055048 police there is no environment in New
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00214-00055049-00055266 York City with this new power the green
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00215-00055267-00055513 mafia can take over the entire economy
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00216-00055514-00055747 through selective enforcement we know
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00217-00055748-00055960 madam Speaker that this national energy
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00218-00055961-00056233 tax will cost the american people two
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00219-00056234-00056517 trillion dollars we know that we know
+bj62RUuQ1lM-00220-00056519-00057037 this will result in a loss of two points
+bkWyD59PqqY-00000-00000150-00000396 foreign
+bkWyD59PqqY-00001-00000397-00001377 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00002-00001378-00002319 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00003-00002320-00002784 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00004-00002785-00002794 [Applause]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00005-00002795-00003340 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00006-00003340-00003509 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00007-00003510-00004217 foreign
+bkWyD59PqqY-00009-00007226-00007553 so I was not raised in a religious
+bkWyD59PqqY-00010-00007554-00007769 household at all my parents were
+bkWyD59PqqY-00011-00007770-00007937 divorced so two households I was not
+bkWyD59PqqY-00012-00007938-00008159 raised in either household being
+bkWyD59PqqY-00013-00008159-00008405 religious at all
+bkWyD59PqqY-00014-00008406-00008495 um
+bkWyD59PqqY-00015-00008496-00008771 I was allowed to believe in cherries I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00016-00008772-00008969 was allowed to believe in ghosts as a
+bkWyD59PqqY-00017-00008970-00009257 child and by the time I was 11 years old
+bkWyD59PqqY-00018-00009258-00009487 I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00019-00009488-00009905 discovered that witchcraft exists not
+bkWyD59PqqY-00020-00009906-00010127 just in the pages of Harry Potter but in
+bkWyD59PqqY-00021-00010128-00010306 real life there was real life witchcraft
+bkWyD59PqqY-00022-00010307-00010673 or people who call on the dead people
+bkWyD59PqqY-00023-00010674-00010996 who call on nature spirits and ancient
+bkWyD59PqqY-00024-00010997-00011381 Pagan deities and I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00025-00011382-00011651 absolutely Florida I was like that looks
+bkWyD59PqqY-00026-00011652-00011831 like fun that looks like a way to have
+bkWyD59PqqY-00027-00011832-00012095 power so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00028-00012096-00012442 uh witchcraft very quickly led into sort
+bkWyD59PqqY-00029-00012443-00012701 of learning about occult traditions in
+bkWyD59PqqY-00030-00012702-00012844 general because witchcraft modern
+bkWyD59PqqY-00031-00012845-00012983 witchcraft you could say is like a
+bkWyD59PqqY-00032-00012984-00013288 subset of the occults and then there's
+bkWyD59PqqY-00033-00013290-00013565 also neopaganism which is different but
+bkWyD59PqqY-00034-00013566-00013805 that's what I was about for many years
+bkWyD59PqqY-00035-00013806-00014044 through my teenage years and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00036-00014045-00014230 unfortunately through my teenage years
+bkWyD59PqqY-00037-00014231-00014513 well that's unfortunate that's already
+bkWyD59PqqY-00038-00014513-00014777 very unfortunate and unfortunately I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00039-00014778-00015101 also an alcoholic at a very young age
+bkWyD59PqqY-00040-00015102-00015305 and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00041-00015306-00015577 um smoking some cigarette smoking pot
+bkWyD59PqqY-00042-00015578-00015791 experimenting with other substances as
+bkWyD59PqqY-00043-00015791-00015886 well
+bkWyD59PqqY-00044-00015887-00016103 and it's really a miracle that I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00045-00016104-00016439 survived I did a hitchhike across Canada
+bkWyD59PqqY-00046-00016440-00016769 I traveled a lot and eventually by the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00047-00016770-00017141 time I was 20 I settled in Halifax Nova
+bkWyD59PqqY-00048-00017142-00017333 Scotia so I'm from Victoria and I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00049-00017334-00017536 settled in Halifax
+bkWyD59PqqY-00050-00017537-00017908 and when I settled in Halifax
+bkWyD59PqqY-00051-00017909-00018197 I had never seen so many hijabes in my
+bkWyD59PqqY-00052-00018198-00018544 life so many obvious Muslims and up
+bkWyD59PqqY-00053-00018545-00018700 until that point
+bkWyD59PqqY-00054-00018701-00018997 I had really only
+bkWyD59PqqY-00055-00018998-00019277 believed three things about Islam things
+bkWyD59PqqY-00056-00019278-00019517 that I thought I knew about Islam and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00057-00019518-00019853 that was Muslims did 9 11.
+bkWyD59PqqY-00058-00019854-00020267 they forced their women to cover up and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00059-00020268-00020494 they're kind of Old Testament ditch
+bkWyD59PqqY-00060-00020495-00020663 they're one of the abrahamic tastes over
+bkWyD59PqqY-00061-00020664-00020777 in Old Testament
+bkWyD59PqqY-00062-00020778-00020879 so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00063-00020880-00021193 when I saw all these women wearing hijab
+bkWyD59PqqY-00064-00021194-00021593 and the diversity in the way that they
+bkWyD59PqqY-00065-00021594-00021779 looked there were nicobes there were
+bkWyD59PqqY-00066-00021780-00021977 girls in hijab and jeans there were
+bkWyD59PqqY-00067-00021978-00022180 girls in beautifully embroidered abayas
+bkWyD59PqqY-00068-00022181-00022336 there were some girls looking very
+bkWyD59PqqY-00069-00022337-00022469 traditional some girls have been very
+bkWyD59PqqY-00070-00022470-00022733 modern and I was fascinated
+bkWyD59PqqY-00071-00022734-00023008 I was very fascinated and I was removed
+bkWyD59PqqY-00072-00023009-00023236 by their dedication now at first I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00073-00023237-00023417 like oh wow that's a lot of girls forced
+bkWyD59PqqY-00074-00023418-00023608 over here but very quickly I started
+bkWyD59PqqY-00075-00023609-00023825 questioning that
+bkWyD59PqqY-00076-00023826-00024077 and being surrounded by so many Muslims
+bkWyD59PqqY-00077-00024078-00024455 I realized oh man I've bought into the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00078-00024456-00024821 mainstream narrative demonizing Muslims
+bkWyD59PqqY-00079-00024822-00025108 and I sort of was embarrassed Within
+bkWyD59PqqY-00080-00025109-00025313 Myself I realized like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00081-00025314-00025600 wow I thought I was this you know free
+bkWyD59PqqY-00082-00025601-00025961 thinker and there I was buying the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00083-00025962-00026189 mainstreamerica books on things
+bkWyD59PqqY-00084-00026189-00026483 and around that same time so by the time
+bkWyD59PqqY-00085-00026483-00026651 I was 21
+bkWyD59PqqY-00086-00026652-00026789 I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00087-00026789-00027412 questioning my painting beliefs and I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00088-00027413-00027695 really I hope that you understand what I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00089-00027695-00027881 mean when I word it this way
+bkWyD59PqqY-00090-00027882-00028102 but I began to feel like paganism was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00091-00028104-00028258 too small
+bkWyD59PqqY-00092-00028260-00028402 because
+bkWyD59PqqY-00093-00028404-00028912 if your deity was born on Earth
+bkWyD59PqqY-00094-00028913-00029218 right if you have an ancestral God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00095-00029219-00029640 or if you have nature Spirits as gods
+bkWyD59PqqY-00096-00029641-00029981 and that is Knox
+bkWyD59PqqY-00097-00029982-00030431 the being that created the universe
+bkWyD59PqqY-00098-00030432-00030664 and and that really changed everything
+bkWyD59PqqY-00099-00030666-00030970 for me that I began seeking the Creator
+bkWyD59PqqY-00100-00030972-00031187 and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00101-00031188-00031445 now at the same time so it's still about
+bkWyD59PqqY-00102-00031445-00031696 21 and I had a neighbor
+bkWyD59PqqY-00103-00031697-00031985 he was a Neo-Nazi
+bkWyD59PqqY-00104-00031986-00032227 and he
+bkWyD59PqqY-00105-00032227-00032531 was trying to scare me about the people
+bkWyD59PqqY-00106-00032532-00032905 of color in her neighborhood and he
+bkWyD59PqqY-00107-00032906-00033221 decided that I needed to be protected
+bkWyD59PqqY-00108-00033222-00033455 from all of the people of color in the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00109-00033456-00033551 neighborhood
+bkWyD59PqqY-00110-00033552-00033790 and he was trying to convince me to join
+bkWyD59PqqY-00111-00033791-00034062 his group and at first he was trying to
+bkWyD59PqqY-00112-00034063-00034468 scare me with racism
+bkWyD59PqqY-00113-00034469-00034745 but when he started slendering Muslims
+bkWyD59PqqY-00114-00034746-00034979 and Islam in particular not just Muslims
+bkWyD59PqqY-00115-00034980-00035243 he was centered Islam
+bkWyD59PqqY-00116-00035244-00035501 I didn't know what to say I didn't know
+bkWyD59PqqY-00117-00035502-00035735 how to argue that because I didn't know
+bkWyD59PqqY-00118-00035736-00035974 anything about Islam but it didn't sit
+bkWyD59PqqY-00119-00035975-00036281 right with me the things he was saying
+bkWyD59PqqY-00120-00036282-00036412 I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00121-00036413-00036599 actually was speaking to another
+bkWyD59PqqY-00122-00036600-00036809 neighbor who we were borrowing
+bkWyD59PqqY-00123-00036810-00036946 cigarettes off each other and we were
+bkWyD59PqqY-00124-00036947-00037307 smoking together and I said to him you
+bkWyD59PqqY-00125-00037308-00037546 know Nazi Pete has been saying some
+bkWyD59PqqY-00126-00037547-00037768 messed up stuff about Islam and like I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00127-00037769-00037996 don't know what to believe and I didn't
+bkWyD59PqqY-00128-00037997-00038165 have the internet at the time I was so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00129-00038166-00038501 poor I did not have the internet
+bkWyD59PqqY-00130-00038502-00038801 it was like 2016 or something and I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00131-00038802-00039101 didn't have the internet guys so that's
+bkWyD59PqqY-00132-00039102-00039340 how broke I was and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00133-00039341-00039490 um so otherwise I would have just you
+bkWyD59PqqY-00134-00039491-00039689 know Googled some stuff or something
+bkWyD59PqqY-00135-00039690-00040055 and this other neighbor was like oh no
+bkWyD59PqqY-00136-00040056-00040289 baseball was fine
+bkWyD59PqqY-00137-00040290-00040433 and I was like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00138-00040434-00040667 you you sound so sure of that and he was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00139-00040668-00040852 like well I've read this one I know
+bkWyD59PqqY-00140-00040853-00041015 Muslims it's high
+bkWyD59PqqY-00141-00041016-00041201 I was like you've read the Quran okay
+bkWyD59PqqY-00142-00041202-00041543 tell me like tell me about it
+bkWyD59PqqY-00143-00041544-00041890 and he was like well it says to only
+bkWyD59PqqY-00144-00041891-00042112 fight people in self-defense and it says
+bkWyD59PqqY-00145-00042113-00042395 to protect women and you know it's just
+bkWyD59PqqY-00146-00042396-00042646 like family values and self-defense and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00147-00042647-00042845 that's that's basically all he said and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00148-00042846-00042989 I was like do you have a Quran can I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00149-00042990-00043174 borrow it and he was like no so I don't
+bkWyD59PqqY-00150-00043175-00043337 know whether he was saying no like he
+bkWyD59PqqY-00151-00043338-00043552 didn't have one or no I couldn't borrow
+bkWyD59PqqY-00152-00043553-00043846 it but that's when I decided that I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00153-00043847-00044146 should just go to the library I mean the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00154-00044147-00044405 library is where I discovered witchcraft
+bkWyD59PqqY-00155-00044406-00044621 maybe the library could help me out
+bkWyD59PqqY-00156-00044622-00044890 about Islam so I went to the public
+bkWyD59PqqY-00157-00044891-00045208 library and I took her to Quran and oh
+bkWyD59PqqY-00158-00045209-00045508 my goodness the memory is so clear to me
+bkWyD59PqqY-00159-00045509-00045845 I was in these big chunky steel toe
+bkWyD59PqqY-00160-00045846-00046033 military surplus boots
+bkWyD59PqqY-00161-00046034-00046511 black cotton tights and this giant
+bkWyD59PqqY-00162-00046512-00046846 um black hoodie sweater with a metal
+bkWyD59PqqY-00163-00046847-00047087 band death across the center it's like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00164-00047088-00047327 jazz whip like this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00165-00047328-00047561 and like Grim Reaper coming out of the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00166-00047562-00047818 logo and everything and I went plump
+bkWyD59PqqY-00167-00047819-00048017 Clump Clump Clump across the library
+bkWyD59PqqY-00168-00048018-00048346 with this Quran put put it on the desk
+bkWyD59PqqY-00169-00048347-00048521 I'd like to check out this book please
+bkWyD59PqqY-00170-00048522-00048767 and the librarian looks at me
+bkWyD59PqqY-00171-00048768-00049012 okay
+bkWyD59PqqY-00172-00049013-00049283 like I don't know exactly what was going
+bkWyD59PqqY-00173-00049284-00049439 through her head but I know if I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00174-00049440-00049601 that librarian I would have been like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00175-00049602-00049811 we're not getting this book back this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00176-00049812-00050027 book is about to be burned oh my God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00177-00050028-00050339 like I would not blame her if she was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00178-00050340-00050621 judging me very negatively in that
+bkWyD59PqqY-00179-00050622-00050795 moment like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00180-00050796-00050939 oh my God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00181-00050940-00051214 but I did return the Quran in one piece
+bkWyD59PqqY-00182-00051215-00051473 and before I returned it in one piece I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00183-00051474-00051857 actually read the entire thing in a week
+bkWyD59PqqY-00184-00051858-00052042 because I was so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00185-00052044-00052223 enthralled by it I was absolutely
+bkWyD59PqqY-00186-00052224-00052504 entranced by it I was stunned I was like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00187-00052505-00052619 oh my God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00188-00052620-00052859 this is the creator that I was looking
+bkWyD59PqqY-00189-00052860-00053159 for this is his word this is his voice
+bkWyD59PqqY-00190-00053160-00053561 the creator of all things
+bkWyD59PqqY-00191-00053562-00053765 you know you might be wondering well how
+bkWyD59PqqY-00192-00053766-00053938 did you how could you tell that it was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00193-00053939-00054304 the word of God I had read a lot of
+bkWyD59PqqY-00194-00054305-00054604 religious literature not just occult
+bkWyD59PqqY-00195-00054605-00054803 literature
+bkWyD59PqqY-00196-00054804-00055103 um I had even read medieval Christian
+bkWyD59PqqY-00197-00055104-00055354 texts written by people who the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00198-00055355-00055804 Christians regard as saying for instance
+bkWyD59PqqY-00199-00055805-00056135 um Benedict's rule for monasteries and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00200-00056136-00056435 uh Pope Gregory the Great
+bkWyD59PqqY-00201-00056436-00056873 um the life of Saint Benedict
+bkWyD59PqqY-00202-00056874-00057137 um and so I had read Many Many religious
+bkWyD59PqqY-00203-00057138-00057347 texts I read the daddy Jing I think read
+bkWyD59PqqY-00204-00057348-00057587 the Bible and of course I read the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00205-00057588-00057863 Christian Bible just out of curiosity
+bkWyD59PqqY-00206-00057864-00058159 um earlier in my life
+bkWyD59PqqY-00207-00058160-00058650 and all of these works
+bkWyD59PqqY-00208-00058651-00058954 just you could tell they were the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00209-00058955-00059159 opinions of people they were written by
+bkWyD59PqqY-00210-00059160-00059273 people
+bkWyD59PqqY-00211-00059274-00059830 about theology these are theology books
+bkWyD59PqqY-00212-00059832-00060191 some of them are history books
+bkWyD59PqqY-00213-00060191-00060497 none of them were
+bkWyD59PqqY-00214-00060498-00060721 written by God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00215-00060722-00061000 and I didn't quite realize I couldn't
+bkWyD59PqqY-00216-00061001-00061192 put my finger on it
+bkWyD59PqqY-00217-00061194-00061421 until I read the Quran
+bkWyD59PqqY-00218-00061422-00061703 right it was the most definitively
+bkWyD59PqqY-00219-00061704-00061973 authoritative text I'd ever read in my
+bkWyD59PqqY-00220-00061974-00062188 life
+bkWyD59PqqY-00221-00062189-00062423 so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00222-00062424-00062657 I was really shaking
+bkWyD59PqqY-00223-00062658-00062980 and um but I wasn't ready to accept this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00224-00062982-00063407 long at all because I was still drinking
+bkWyD59PqqY-00225-00063408-00063857 heavily and I was in a sort of common
+bkWyD59PqqY-00226-00063858-00064049 law type relationship I was engaged I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00227-00064050-00064282 was living with my fiance my son's
+bkWyD59PqqY-00228-00064283-00064456 father and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00229-00064457-00064816 so I was like well I can't give I can't
+bkWyD59PqqY-00230-00064817-00065003 just move out before I spawn like it did
+bkWyD59PqqY-00231-00065004-00065165 it didn't even cross my mind that I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00232-00065166-00065315 could become Muslim I was like okay this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00233-00065316-00065632 is the truth but it's for them and I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00234-00065633-00065837 don't know what to do about it
+bkWyD59PqqY-00235-00065838-00066185 um but what it did do right away was I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00236-00066186-00066605 it cemented that I could no longer have
+bkWyD59PqqY-00237-00066606-00066929 any sort of islamophobia and it also
+bkWyD59PqqY-00238-00066930-00067300 cemented my leaving paganism
+bkWyD59PqqY-00239-00067301-00067625 so I after reading the Quran became a
+bkWyD59PqqY-00240-00067626-00067876 monotheist in my heart
+bkWyD59PqqY-00241-00067877-00068231 and so I was not prepared at that point
+bkWyD59PqqY-00242-00068232-00068411 in my life to try to make any changes
+bkWyD59PqqY-00243-00068412-00068573 and I didn't really know that it was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00244-00068574-00068831 possible to become a Muslim
+bkWyD59PqqY-00245-00068832-00069029 so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00246-00069030-00069305 i instead thought it would be easier to
+bkWyD59PqqY-00247-00069306-00069611 try to become a Christian because then I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00248-00069612-00069844 could keep drinking and me and my fiance
+bkWyD59PqqY-00249-00069845-00070126 could just get married and you know
+bkWyD59PqqY-00250-00070127-00070361 so
+bkWyD59PqqY-00251-00070362-00070594 ah
+bkWyD59PqqY-00252-00070595-00070949 I then started looking into Christianity
+bkWyD59PqqY-00253-00070950-00071244 I got the internet and I started
+bkWyD59PqqY-00254-00071245-00071519 researching Christianity
+bkWyD59PqqY-00255-00071520-00071771 um online at different denominations and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00256-00071772-00072047 what the different denominations had to
+bkWyD59PqqY-00257-00072048-00072299 say to explain
+bkWyD59PqqY-00258-00072300-00072526 um and how they Justified why their view
+bkWyD59PqqY-00259-00072527-00072791 is the correct view of the Christian
+bkWyD59PqqY-00260-00072792-00072976 Bible so I was reading the Christian
+bkWyD59PqqY-00261-00072977-00073349 Bible uh very dedicatedly I was like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00262-00073350-00073661 studying it I was pouring over it I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00263-00073662-00073943 looking at different questions I had and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00264-00073944-00074194 what the denominations answers to those
+bkWyD59PqqY-00265-00074195-00074459 questions were and I could not find any
+bkWyD59PqqY-00266-00074460-00074765 satisfactory or logical answers
+bkWyD59PqqY-00267-00074766-00074999 which made sense
+bkWyD59PqqY-00268-00075000-00075281 so one thing that Christian apologists
+bkWyD59PqqY-00269-00075282-00075544 often say is oh the Trinity is just too
+bkWyD59PqqY-00270-00075545-00075737 complicated for people it's very hard
+bkWyD59PqqY-00271-00075738-00076025 for people to understand
+bkWyD59PqqY-00272-00076026-00076091 um
+bkWyD59PqqY-00273-00076092-00076361 I also disagree with the idea that God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00274-00076362-00076805 would need to Incarnate as a person
+bkWyD59PqqY-00275-00076806-00077099 and kill himself to be able to forgive
+bkWyD59PqqY-00276-00077100-00077435 us God can just forgive us he's God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00277-00077436-00077638 if you don't believe in the Trinity but
+bkWyD59PqqY-00278-00077639-00077843 you believe Jesus was God that who was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00279-00077844-00078017 Jesus praying to In The Garden of
+bkWyD59PqqY-00280-00078018-00078317 Gethsemane in the Christian Bible and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00281-00078318-00078631 and various questions like that so I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00282-00078632-00078976 really Within Myself came to the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00283-00078977-00079223 conclusion that Jesus must have been a
+bkWyD59PqqY-00284-00079224-00079373 prophet
+bkWyD59PqqY-00285-00079374-00079726 um and so I was searching for well
+bkWyD59PqqY-00286-00079727-00080117 who believes that Jesus is a prophet
+bkWyD59PqqY-00287-00080118-00080406 and I was meditating on this issue
+bkWyD59PqqY-00288-00080407-00080747 and suddenly I realized
+bkWyD59PqqY-00289-00080748-00080944 and the words that came into my mind
+bkWyD59PqqY-00290-00080945-00081281 exactly were I've already read the Quran
+bkWyD59PqqY-00291-00081282-00081503 because the question I asked in my
+bkWyD59PqqY-00292-00081504-00081850 meditation was why would God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00293-00081851-00082181 since Jesus is a prophet peace be upon
+bkWyD59PqqY-00294-00082182-00082393 him why would God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00295-00082394-00082762 allow people who want to follow Prophet
+bkWyD59PqqY-00296-00082763-00083015 Jesus these people on him why would they
+bkWyD59PqqY-00297-00083016-00083261 be allowed to worship Him why would God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00298-00083262-00083549 allow this false religion
+bkWyD59PqqY-00299-00083550-00083776 to proliferate
+bkWyD59PqqY-00300-00083777-00083999 and the answer keeps me I've already
+bkWyD59PqqY-00301-00084000-00084179 read the Quran
+bkWyD59PqqY-00302-00084180-00084449 almost like a part of me was saying to
+bkWyD59PqqY-00303-00084450-00084682 myself why am I even asking this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00304-00084683-00084923 question I already know the answer that
+bkWyD59PqqY-00305-00084924-00085241 God already sent us the Quran to correct
+bkWyD59PqqY-00306-00085242-00085438 the Mystique of deifying prophet Jesus
+bkWyD59PqqY-00307-00085439-00085606 peace be upon him
+bkWyD59PqqY-00308-00085607-00085775 and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00309-00085776-00086069 my by the time that happened so I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00310-00086070-00086356 like 24 my baby had already been born by
+bkWyD59PqqY-00311-00086357-00086609 this point when I was having this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00312-00086610-00086962 um you know question of well why didn't
+bkWyD59PqqY-00313-00086963-00087287 God guide us away from Christianity then
+bkWyD59PqqY-00314-00087288-00087461 and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00315-00087462-00087671 so my son was a baby
+bkWyD59PqqY-00316-00087672-00088000 I was still living with my son's father
+bkWyD59PqqY-00317-00088001-00088282 we had broken up a few times and it was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00318-00088283-00088625 about to end for good and my son's
+bkWyD59PqqY-00319-00088626-00088811 father came home with a bunch of DVDs
+bkWyD59PqqY-00320-00088812-00088949 from the library
+bkWyD59PqqY-00321-00088950-00089297 um cartoons children's cartoons for
+bkWyD59PqqY-00322-00089298-00089500 we need to watch with the baby
+bkWyD59PqqY-00323-00089501-00089800 and one of them he said oh I got you
+bkWyD59PqqY-00324-00089801-00089950 this because I know you're into religion
+bkWyD59PqqY-00325-00089951-00090268 and stuff and it said something like
+bkWyD59PqqY-00326-00090269-00090461 um religious kids or something it was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00327-00090462-00090635 very vague they didn't quite say what
+bkWyD59PqqY-00328-00090636-00090826 religion and I put it in and it was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00329-00090827-00091132 literally Cartoons by Muslim children
+bkWyD59PqqY-00330-00091133-00091421 stories by Muslim children and one of
+bkWyD59PqqY-00331-00091422-00091721 them was a boy telling his mother's
+bkWyD59PqqY-00332-00091722-00091938 convert story
+bkWyD59PqqY-00333-00091939-00092200 and it just felt like everything was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00334-00092201-00092405 falling into place I was like oh my God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00335-00092406-00092638 that's possible people can convert to
+bkWyD59PqqY-00336-00092639-00092771 Islam
+bkWyD59PqqY-00337-00092772-00092999 it's like oh my gosh so I went on the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00338-00093000-00093173 internet I started researching I wasn't
+bkWyD59PqqY-00339-00093174-00093388 on YouTube I wasn't watching videos
+bkWyD59PqqY-00340-00093389-00093647 I was Googling
+bkWyD59PqqY-00341-00093648-00093868 different questions about Islam I found
+bkWyD59PqqY-00342-00093869-00094181 out what the five pillars of Islam are I
+bkWyD59PqqY-00343-00094182-00094373 found out what these six pillars of
+bkWyD59PqqY-00344-00094374-00094661 faith are and I was like Jack Jack when
+bkWyD59PqqY-00345-00094662-00094847 it came to the pillars of faith you know
+bkWyD59PqqY-00346-00094848-00094985 believed in the Angels believe in the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00347-00094986-00095212 prophets believe in the Oneness of God
+bkWyD59PqqY-00348-00095213-00095591 and Etc so I was like oh my God I need
+bkWyD59PqqY-00349-00095592-00095837 to be a Muslim and the one thing still
+bkWyD59PqqY-00350-00095838-00095999 holding me back was the fact that I was
+bkWyD59PqqY-00351-00096000-00096118 in this relationship because I had
+bkWyD59PqqY-00352-00096119-00096317 already quit drinking because
+bkWyD59PqqY-00353-00096318-00096725 um I had a baby and
+bkWyD59PqqY-00354-00096726-00097012 I was like but I'm in this relationship
+bkWyD59PqqY-00355-00097013-00097241 and then literally like the next week he
+bkWyD59PqqY-00356-00097242-00097385 broke up with me
+bkWyD59PqqY-00357-00097386-00097625 and I was like this is it
+bkWyD59PqqY-00358-00097626-00097865 I can be a Muslim now this is my chance
+bkWyD59PqqY-00359-00097866-00098062 God has given me all these things
+bkWyD59PqqY-00360-00098063-00098291 happening in this specific order because
+bkWyD59PqqY-00361-00098292-00098471 God has given me the chance to become a
+bkWyD59PqqY-00362-00098472-00098681 Muslim
+bkWyD59PqqY-00363-00098682-00098903 and then
+bkWyD59PqqY-00364-00098904-00098956 um
+bkWyD59PqqY-00365-00098957-00099293 I actually couldn't find a place
+bkWyD59PqqY-00366-00099294-00099521 and I actually ended up having to leave
+bkWyD59PqqY-00367-00099522-00099779 Nova Scotia and come back to BC which
+bkWyD59PqqY-00368-00099780-00100031 broke my heart because I I hated the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00369-00100032-00100205 idea of taking a boy away from his
+bkWyD59PqqY-00370-00100206-00100297 father
+bkWyD59PqqY-00371-00100298-00100450 but
+bkWyD59PqqY-00372-00100451-00100768 um
+bkWyD59PqqY-00373-00100769-00101026 it you know everything is in the will of
+bkWyD59PqqY-00374-00101027-00101255 Allah everything happens
+bkWyD59PqqY-00375-00101256-00101435 um for our reason and we don't always
+bkWyD59PqqY-00376-00101436-00101699 understand it at the time but I did kind
+bkWyD59PqqY-00377-00101700-00101861 of understand at the time because at the
+bkWyD59PqqY-00378-00101862-00102047 time I was like this is my chance to be
+bkWyD59PqqY-00379-00102048-00102256 a musliment to raise my son as a Muslim
+bkWyD59PqqY-00380-00102257-00102544 and God has blessed me with this
+bkWyD59PqqY-00381-00102545-00102671 so that's
+bkWyD59PqqY-00382-00102672-00102971 my journey to Islam thank you for
+bkWyD59PqqY-00383-00102972-00103439 joining me as well assalamualaikum
+bkWyD59PqqY-00384-00103440-00103739 Akbar
+bkWyD59PqqY-00385-00103740-00104839 foreign
+bkWyD59PqqY-00386-00104840-00106799 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00387-00106800-00107735 foreign
+bkWyD59PqqY-00388-00107736-00109398 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00389-00109399-00109516 [Music]
+bkWyD59PqqY-00390-00109517-00109732 foreign
+bkWyD59PqqY-00391-00109733-00110034 [Music]
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00000-00000002-00000398 hello 11 alarm Phillip madness and you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00001-00000399-00000532 actually probably heard that already
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00002-00000533-00000944 anyway um I had a tiny tiny bit of an
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00003-00000944-00001216 issue with recording and I didn't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00004-00001217-00001382 realize until it was too late so I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00005-00001383-00001757 naturally go back to my checkpoint
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00006-00001757-00002197 problem is the checkpoint is a tiny bit
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00007-00002198-00002489 further down the line then the video
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00008-00002490-00002870 goes apologies for that you haven't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00009-00002871-00003238 missed much I met a guy called the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00010-00003239-00004166 Illusive man who is this ultra let's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00011-00004167-00004429 just call him she's got some dangerous
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00012-00004430-00004738 ideas when it comes to humanity's place
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00013-00004739-00005227 in the galaxy he's a bit of radical yeah
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00014-00005228-00005620 now the word and turns out the doctor
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00015-00005621-00006040 ever works for him as you might imagine
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00016-00006041-00006367 not too pleased around us not one bit
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00017-00006368-00006781 Henrik I'm tem stopping him but first
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00018-00006783-00007184 I'm going to stop a sidewalk or rather
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00019-00007184-00007577 some sort of an evil robot of unknown
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00020-00007578-00007974 origins if all that manages slightly
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00021-00007975-00008444 leveling up my characters way of using
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00022-00008445-00008735 the time it did to explain all this now
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00023-00008736-00009127 I think it's time to get back to it hey
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00024-00009128-00009591 all right Robert shooting go
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00025-00009592-00010595 oh my teeth good job me
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00026-00010596-00011153 I on the four others backs ever we got
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00027-00011154-00011625 into the northern anyway
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00028-00011626-00011967 basically when we got to the protein
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00029-00011968-00012189 artifact which was supposed to have all
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00030-00012190-00012474 this useful information growth turns up
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00031-00012475-00012863 the price price it really didn't someone
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00032-00012864-00013463 in the base was channeling it off trying
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00033-00013465-00014019 to physically transfer it basically to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00034-00014019-00014390 the consciousness of this hero but and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00035-00014391-00014868 deleted from the protein beacon that you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00036-00014869-00015138 might imagine I put two stops it up it
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00037-00015138-00015369 in as I of founder overt then we had a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00038-00015369-00015768 chase scene which ultimately ended with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00039-00015769-00016074 what he just saw now we are back in
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00040-00016075-00016368 magic which is an awesome [__] beautiful
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00041-00016369-00016584 ship we're going to make the Mexicans
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00042-00016585-00017355 very for it too now pour kata kata kata
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00043-00017356-00017772 needs medical attention we have to leave
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00044-00017773-00018000 this whole system we will immediately
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00045-00018001-00018272 the studio is our best chance we can
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00046-00018273-00018549 find help their get a sort of Citadel
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00047-00018550-00019188 Joker hold on hmm trench my what was
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00048-00019189-00019650 used to have some issues anyway the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00049-00019651-00020200 sister I believe it Admiral Hackett
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00050-00020201-00021459 touch me through
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00051-00021460-00022165 ed you clear this up I'll do my best I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00052-00022166-00022561 was there so is the Illusive man I was
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00053-00022562-00022813 worried service might try something did
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00054-00022814-00023065 you get the data most of it he
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00055-00023066-00023211 downloaded some before I could stop him
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00056-00023212-00023608 mediately love cuz it's covered what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00057-00023609-00023862 have you learned was it worth the effort
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00058-00023863-00024067 preliminary evidence problema de
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00059-00024068-00024270 toulouse not for a Prothean device
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00060-00024271-00025051 device the Reapers will learn to fear
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00061-00025052-00025261 this with identifiable levels of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00062-00025262-00025624 destruction unquantifiable little pill
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00063-00025625-00025927 destruction well in damn exciting if
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00064-00025927-00026107 tiaras and snakes all right this might
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00065-00026108-00026295 be the key to stopping the Reapers I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00066-00026297-00026635 hope some major alenko was critically
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00067-00026636-00026832 injured we're taking him to the Citadel
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00068-00026833-00027139 sorry to hear that Shepherd but we both
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00069-00027139-00027382 know this is just the beginning talk to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00070-00027383-00027523 the council show them what you've found
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00071-00027524-00027783 with luck he'll give you all the support
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00072-00027785-00028216 we need and if they don't do whatever it
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00073-00028217-00028585 takes to get them on board aye aye
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00074-00028586-00028972 commander I'm real sir I'm the commander
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00075-00028973-00029231 Bob haha
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00076-00029232-00029562 [Music]
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00077-00029563-00029868 hi it's an exciting time to be a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00078-00029869-00030083 commander is extracting data from the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00079-00030085-00030327 Cerberus machine will have details to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00080-00030327-00030483 present to the council by the time we
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00081-00030483-00030858 reach the Citadel and major alenko and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00082-00030858-00031089 end of exciting I've done what I can so
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00083-00031089-00031277 who cares about them Michael facility
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00084-00031279-00031794 soon no one does who knows right it's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00085-00031795-00032055 going to get worse isn't it unless we
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00086-00032056-00032660 stop the Reapers yeah what is it about
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00087-00032661-00032987 gigantic weapon could be AI roboform it
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00088-00032988-00033288 that makes everyone since you don't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00089-00033289-00033507 quite believe it done Magnum out to be
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00090-00033508-00033813 the valley eyes you didn't see what they
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00091-00033814-00034038 did to earth how is one weapon supposed
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00092-00034039-00034452 to stop them what are our options you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00093-00034453-00034700 know we can't win this conventionally
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00094-00034701-00035091 can't we I say blossom all to hell with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00095-00035092-00035472 some good old-fashioned dynamite yeah
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00096-00035473-00035855 that's not gonna work I like it Oh
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00097-00035856-00036144 fireman James because just because you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00098-00036145-00036504 have red tree nicely m'lady I'm sure no
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00099-00036505-00036648 trouble with something need to have a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00100-00036649-00037209 sexist I'm sorry I'm confused I'm sorry
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00101-00037210-00037811 i I'm incapable of not forgetting about
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00102-00037812-00038573 giving the topics and this is a 60
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00103-00038574-00039177 basically is to the urbanized who's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00104-00039178-00039486 space station which has all kinds of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00105-00039487-00039892 races all around
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00106-00039893-00040752 it's really pretty and quite nice and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00107-00040753-00041014 it's our defense beacon which is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00108-00041015-00041280 supposed to summon the Reapers every
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00109-00041281-00041626 50,000 years that was basically a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00110-00041627-00041905 blossom mass effect one you had to stop
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00111-00041906-00042439 it from activating under another
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00112-00042440-00043068 unpleasant aging the corpse no no girl
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00113-00043069-00043243 I've forgotten his name barely got a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00114-00043244-00043654 pulse here over mountain where are you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00115-00043655-00043896 taking him where it's a memorial that's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00116-00043897-00044232 Karen the Citadel sabes we're not salad
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00117-00044233-00044652 we need to see the compote damn it right
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00118-00044653-00045346 names oh hello you look like a serious
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00119-00045347-00045640 person who might be in charge they
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00120-00045641-00046023 always did God word you were arriving oh
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00121-00046024-00046270 I don't his voice good to see you again
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00122-00046271-00046600 this guy he played in our battle solid
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00123-00046601-00046906 ice cut commander I think in Teen Wolf
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00124-00046907-00047367 as well driving enough this old bulb
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00125-00047368-00047664 badass my job is dealing with political
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00126-00047665-00047854 [__] and escorting dignitaries
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00127-00047855-00048143 around very specific voice none taken
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00128-00048144-00048558 nothing here to bring us to the council
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00129-00048559-00048811 I'm here to tell you the council is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00130-00048812-00048982 expecting you but they are dealing with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00131-00048983-00049267 their own problems with the world blend
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00132-00049268-00049624 sure apologize for the inconvenience and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00133-00049625-00049864 blah blah blah blah meet them here
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00134-00049865-00050101 Adina's office they'll be ready to do
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00135-00050102-00050452 another all right you might have time to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00136-00050453-00050637 go by the medical center if you want to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00137-00050638-00050862 check on progress over there nope I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00138-00050863-00051090 think I'm gonna go to the council first
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00139-00051091-00051325 you see I'm trying to say verte at all
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00140-00051326-00051504 meeting with the council is our top
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00141-00051505-00051769 layer I'll had a to dina's office now
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00142-00051770-00052051 meet you there one of my men can show
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00143-00052052-00052407 you the way love me I'm just a tourist
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00144-00052408-00052623 today I'll try not to get in any trouble
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00145-00052624-00053004 by James I guess he is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00146-00053004-00053626 that's bull users I'll be right there
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00147-00053627-00054003 the other half of my job I'll see you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00148-00054004-00054546 around Shepherd no doubt now yes cannot
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00149-00054547-00055076 wait look Oh anything to press anything
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00150-00055077-00056324 to explore nope so far so far hello
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00151-00056325-00056610 what's going on here command with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00152-00056611-00056930 Jessica I'm looking for that line was it
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00153-00056932-00057075 network I think we can help each other
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00154-00057076-00057303 the extras I mean suppose you want an
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00155-00057304-00057699 interview even better I'm a military
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00156-00057700-00057810 reporter with the show called
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00157-00057811-00058053 battlespace return on just about all
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00158-00058054-00058280 council planet begins nothing to do her
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00159-00058282-00058524 justice yet it is very nice what's going
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00160-00058525-00058860 on Lonnie the Normandy why would I want
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00161-00058861-00059141 that war can be won or lost in the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00162-00059142-00059400 editing room and this war needs to be
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00163-00059401-00059657 won I've got a lion security clearance
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00164-00059658-00059942 and operate without a crew you get veto
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00165-00059944-00060144 power over the segment I file hey yeah I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00166-00060145-00060354 don't know an arrangement like that or
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00167-00060354-00060636 do I keep looking tell your producers
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00168-00060637-00060892 yes for now we'll see how it works out
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00169-00060894-00061116 report to the ship as soon as possible
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00170-00061116-00061519 any questions Thomas care can I bring
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00171-00061520-00062040 100 okay commander I was gonna go with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00172-00062041-00062305 all the air in the world but obviously I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00173-00062307-00062591 have a difference of opinions with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00174-00062592-00063026 myself am I nothing weird your arm
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00175-00063027-00063378 that's where it's as if i disable the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00176-00063379-00064110 music which I have not all right good to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00177-00064111-00064436 know good to know
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00178-00064437-00065246 ah better much better hello vena do I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00179-00065247-00065576 know you I guess I'm probably
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00180-00065577-00065846 interactive virtual intelligence mm-hmm
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00181-00065847-00066305 you don't say yeah I provide guidance a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00182-00066306-00066494 predetermined locations of interest
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00183-00066495-00066824 throughout the Citadel this is dr. baby
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00184-00066825-00067139 24 note that due to recent events
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00185-00067140-00067373 official identification and weapons
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00186-00067374-00067582 permits may be requested by si staff
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00187-00067583-00067850 personnel for routine verification oh
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00188-00067851-00068428 cuz they may see this kind of stuff
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00189-00068429-00068909 changing a iphone VI is why a ir getting
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00190-00068910-00069140 all about person water trying to destroy
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00191-00069141-00069551 us if they were just being treated
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00192-00069552-00069980 better things that have been much much
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00193-00069981-00070181 different any other important areas i
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00194-00070182-00070664 should know about stocking de 24 has
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00195-00070665-00070880 been repurposed and a temporary housing
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00196-00070881-00071069 to accommodate the recent influx of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00197-00071070-00071342 civilians to the Citadel don't sleep if
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00198-00071343-00071492 you wish to contact your species
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00199-00071493-00071741 official Citadel representative please
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00200-00071742-00072029 go to digital embassies for medical
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00201-00072030-00072212 needs the Presidium offers leading-edge
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00202-00072213-00072487 care at the heart of Memorial Hospital
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00203-00072488-00072812 om concept in a cultural main basis the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00204-00072813-00072986 council which parts established at the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00205-00072987-00073286 Citadel famous you avena please speak
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00206-00073287-00073454 with me again if you require further
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00207-00073455-00074186 assistance will do now I think it would
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00208-00074187-00074814 be good for me to get going
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00209-00074815-00075411 right let's see please select a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00210-00075412-00075771 destination one moment please there you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00211-00075772-00076872 can go into the Citadel embassies nice
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00212-00076873-00077429 music I hear in the background long-lost
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00213-00077430-00077697 commander Bailey little need to see
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00214-00077698-00077972 commander Betty to do I that's counselor
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00215-00077973-00078342 excellent commander counselor Adina said
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00216-00078343-00078642 you'd be coming if you'll follow me the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00217-00078643-00078875 counselor is already in session
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00218-00078876-00079116 excellent counselors the Reapers are in
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00219-00079117-00079338 our space as well earth is no more or
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00220-00079339-00079494 less important than any council
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00221-00079495-00079743 homeworld what earth was the first
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00222-00079744-00080031 council world hit by all reports its
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00223-00080032-00080250 phases have done to the attack how do
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00224-00080251-00080445 you know this is the brunt new reaper
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00225-00080446-00080889 fronts are opening up everywhere hmm how
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00226-00080890-00081165 do we ensure accurate earth was attacked
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00227-00081166-00081645 a full-scale invasion commander shepard
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00228-00081646-00081984 and it's just the beginning we need your
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00229-00081985-00082293 help everything you can spare Earth may
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00230-00082294-00082470 be suffering but I'll worlds are falling
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00231-00082471-00082848 to the torrians have lost Tetris we must
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00232-00082849-00083271 fight this enemy together agreed and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00233-00083272-00083436 what if that's not enough this time am I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00234-00083437-00083631 actually what's our dire if we throw
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00235-00083632-00083811 everything this one I don't know what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00236-00083812-00083994 kind of person i was downloading full i
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00237-00083995-00084183 don't expect you to follow me without a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00238-00084184-00084597 plan counselors we have that plan a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00239-00084598-00084849 blueprint created by the proteans during
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00240-00084850-00085212 their war with the Reapers Prothean what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00241-00085213-00085464 is it exactly we're still piecing it
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00242-00085465-00085749 together but it appears to be a weapon
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00243-00085750-00086100 of some sort I'm it is capable of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00244-00086101-00086376 destroying the rebirth so it would seem
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00245-00086377-00086643 I'm only suffering from some bug and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00246-00086644-00086931 intricate this is a fool's errand the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00247-00086932-00087096 proteins were wiped out by the Reapers
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00248-00087097-00087468 clearly the weapon is flawed they simply
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00249-00087469-00087639 the new outlook on how to treat hear
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00250-00087640-00087822 something referred to only as the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00251-00087823-00088125 catalyst but they ran out of time before
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00252-00088126-00088192 they could finish
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00253-00088193-00088411 building it do you believe in this
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00254-00088412-00088603 Shepherd after what you've seen of the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00255-00088604-00089613 Reapers deed has a better plan it sure
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00256-00089614-00089749 as hell beats standing around and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00257-00089750-00090100 arguing about it Andrew Dean is right we
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00258-00090101-00090280 need to stand together now more than
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00259-00090281-00090748 ever the Reapers won't stop it earth
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00260-00090749-00091015 they'll destroy every organic being in
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00261-00091016-00091246 the galaxy if we don't find a way to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00262-00091247-00091644 stop them well if not us it's probably
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00263-00091645-00091993 the next bunch of ugly mug offense and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00264-00091994-00092238 military supported me sisters no no no
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00265-00092239-00092557 it must come first the Silurian union is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00266-00092558-00092751 convening a summit amongst our species
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00267-00092752-00093055 if we can secure our own borders you may
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00268-00093056-00093288 be able to raid you athletes are also
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00269-00093289-00093507 engaged honesty is all I can offer
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00270-00093508-00093738 commander I will not make a promise of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00271-00093739-00094113 rescue that I cannot keep i endeavoured
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00272-00094114-00094567 and eat me in my office I hope that's an
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00273-00094568-00094794 offer of support I'll be digging up what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00274-00094795-00095310 I can on this protein device Shepherd
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00275-00095311-00095560 there's a bunch of stuff concerned
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00276-00095561-00095982 jackass a shepherd geez mom usually
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00277-00095983-00096181 found that it comes with but humanity
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00278-00096182-00096424 will always be considered second-rate
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00279-00096425-00097012 now now be so blind they are being
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00280-00097013-00097234 attacked as well I can't give you what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00281-00097235-00097474 you're asking for but I can tell you how
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00282-00097475-00097849 to get it I'm listening that's not funny
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00283-00097850-00097993 I'm Dorian is the one that called the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00284-00097994-00098275 war stomach you sure got a man open to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00285-00098276-00098680 extreme solutions trouble is you didn't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00286-00098681-00098815 get out of paladin system when the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00287-00098816-00099141 Reapers attack we don't know if he'll I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00288-00099142-00099426 guess I know what you surmise it was
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00289-00099427-00099571 success you thought maybe we could
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00290-00099572-00100186 extract him without being detected you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00291-00100187-00100618 can this it is so favors who favors you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00292-00100619-00100798 want me to rescue his ass and the hopes
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00293-00100799-00101086 he considers helping earth put bluntly
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00294-00101087-00101323 yes I shouldn't even be telling you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00295-00101324-00101378 about it
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00296-00101379-00101597 but we need for Dorian alive and your
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00297-00101598-00101894 shift can get him save the primarch
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00298-00101895-00102116 gained an ally one with the power to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00299-00102117-00102392 grant you what you're looking for well
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00300-00102393-00102758 the Reapers ravaged earth your counselor
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00301-00102758-00103058 was right we need to work together this
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00302-00103058-00103568 is the best way to get that are in
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00303-00103569-00103829 Council like how we're sticking about
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00304-00103830-00104024 the dinner good am i if you wasn't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00305-00104025-00104270 directly even Nick yeah good luck
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00306-00104271-00105055 commander you're gonna need it good good
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00307-00105056-00105379 someone realizes that muscle thing
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00308-00105380-00105617 announcement agreed to reinstate your
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00309-00105618-00105863 Spectre status rings and there are
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00310-00105864-00106094 certain resources that will be made
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00311-00106095-00106655 available to you good luck wow that went
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00312-00106656-00106958 well it's a start I'll talk to the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00313-00106958-00107141 others in the meantime see if we can
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00314-00107142-00107458 support this summit move things along
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00315-00107458-00107755 thanks support them what's what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00316-00107756-00108146 basically all our military is right now
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00317-00108147-00108581 being decimated wellness and there you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00318-00108582-00108965 go for me Medina the culture all I can
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00319-00108966-00109151 think is that the more things change the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00320-00109152-00109474 more they stay the same lambing they
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00321-00109475-00109885 I've always loved that phrase fatalism
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00322-00109886-00110230 not what men and women should aspire to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00323-00110231-00110633 you know that's all maybe later we'll be
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00324-00110633-00110961 hypnotized on a mass grave of 11 billion
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00325-00110963-00111203 but know what I'm gonna do see you there
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00326-00111204-00111479 what are you gonna do humanity is as
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00327-00111480-00111707 feared as we are loved hopefully that
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00328-00111708-00111985 works in our favor now I'll try to get
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00329-00111986-00112166 financial aid from as many words as I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00330-00112167-00112550 can maybe manpower of you armed ships we
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00331-00112551-00112895 here in nearly rocky honesty motorola
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00332-00112896-00113156 civilian ships armed work and the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00333-00113157-00113527 protein device would be around the clock
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00334-00113528-00113920 all right you actually have a plum
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00335-00113921-00114283 personal situation yeah sure let's shut
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00336-00114284-00114581 with good old Adina about his personal
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00337-00114582-00114689 situation
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00338-00114690-00114929 a lot of people on earth many its
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00339-00114930-00115127 monstrous to think of him being snuffed
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00340-00115128-00115333 out across but the part that gets me is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00341-00115334-00115799 Arcturus I must know I must have known
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00342-00115800-00116006 most of the Alliance parliament in the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00343-00116007-00116297 first name basis I read it is I can be
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00344-00116298-00116501 on Angus track all this birthdays and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00345-00116502-00116744 anniversaries rose garden stuff but to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00346-00116745-00117218 have it all gone not necessarily all of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00347-00117219-00117614 it you know the good old LOL doesn't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00348-00117615-00117811 survive options on the other spells at
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00349-00117813-00118064 least with Parliament destroyed in
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00350-00118065-00118313 shastri gone I have more power than any
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00351-00118314-00118580 human in history but today you saw how
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00352-00118581-00118892 little that is rest assured I will not
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00353-00118893-00119183 be counted out long well I know I can
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00354-00119183-00119386 move mountains do not lose sight of that
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00355-00119388-00119683 because the task before us is moving or
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00356-00119684-00120068 clinics sir is sharing to see about your
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00357-00120069-00120460 arrogance is still intact and I do get
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00358-00120461-00120638 some result but you won't succeed on
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00359-00120639-00120800 Scylla dear I helped you into this
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00360-00120801-00120914 office because I thought you'd be
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00361-00120915-00121232 effective you need a character stick to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00362-00121233-00121454 drive a mule and humanity has neither
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00363-00121455-00121745 right now our mother is when I'm driving
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00364-00121746-00122072 wheels but alien Samba we've got our
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00365-00122073-00122354 economy who when I owe you but leave
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00366-00122355-00122567 that part to me I will lean on our
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00367-00122568-00122785 colonies for all they're worth and I can
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00368-00122786-00122957 broker enough trade to repair and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00369-00122958-00123266 resupply havoc sleet almost yeah I have
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00370-00123267-00123515 no idea how Hackett fleets hasn't been
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00371-00123516-00123881 decimated in the first five hours of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00372-00123882-00124124 this conflict what's your read on the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00373-00124125-00124372 counselors many angles I could pursue
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00374-00124373-00124636 counselor it is another place in my eyes
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00375-00124638-00124952 officers is colder she has her hand on
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00376-00124953-00125231 your throat she will squeeze a shield
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00377-00125232-00125431 there you might find some traction
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00378-00125432-00125733 practical she might think Machiavelli
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00379-00125734-00126056 gelateria correctly it's good when Tia
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00380-00126057-00126290 spoke with you his home world it is the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00381-00126291-00126467 most trouble and he's looking for a way
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00382-00126468-00126749 out that speaks opportunity i find the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00383-00126750-00126977 fact that it killings other ones who are
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00384-00126978-00127280 in the minister all to be worrisome any
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00385-00127281-00127500 news from earth that is comforting
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00386-00127501-00127833 news all of it bad the Reapers are
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00387-00127833-00128022 destroying satellites in the old nuclear
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00388-00128023-00128250 missile silos along with everything else
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00389-00128251-00128547 yes we unpleasant full of quantum and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00390-00128548-00128735 tango spread all over the government or
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00391-00128736-00129093 other communication is cut quantum
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00392-00129094-00129513 entangle with some I could go increasing
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00393-00129514-00130002 sale at least very interesting up can
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00394-00130003-00130266 press this computer so by all means
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00395-00130267-00130832 let's get back what am i doing actually
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00396-00130833-00131835 embassy offices James don't need to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00397-00131836-00132096 speak with commander Betty probably
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00398-00132097-00132375 there is no anti humanity conspiracy
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00399-00132376-00132555 here Michelle gilani the council's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00400-00132556-00132771 simply not granting interviews at this
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00401-00132772-00133038 time my viewers are going to know that
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00402-00133039-00133278 csec and the council are denying them
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00403-00133279-00133551 access oh no listen lady you didn't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00404-00133552-00133749 attention the mass one between the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00405-00133750-00134028 paparazzi and the politicians I don't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00406-00134029-00134217 have time to babysit them and love him
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00407-00134218-00134487 Yertle higher end well I'm camping out
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00408-00134488-00134835 until I'm granted an audience fine hope
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00409-00134836-00135210 you brought a sleeping bag and I have he
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00410-00135211-00135615 said bag like beg shipping Bay commander
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00411-00135616-00135903 shepard commander humanity has questions
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00412-00135904-00136257 and then they old will be unsaid
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00413-00136258-00136530 eventually sunday dress if we're keeping
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00414-00136531-00136836 faith humanity yeah I feel like a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00415-00136837-00137190 glorified doorman most people would see
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00416-00137191-00137445 it as a move up placed in here with all
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00417-00137446-00137649 the stuffed shirt I'd rather be back
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00418-00137650-00137880 down on the street I appreciate the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00419-00137881-00138087 higher pay grade but I'm not a political
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00420-00138088-00138492 creature politicians are the weed to the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00421-00138493-00138969 galaxy if that was a bumper sticker I'd
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00422-00138970-00139233 stick it right here at my desk I'm sure
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00423-00139234-00139593 Xena will appreciate others even me boss
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00424-00139594-00139938 I haven't been back in years no I may
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00425-00139939-00140280 never if this ain't the end of days it's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00426-00140281-00140566 pretty damn close
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00427-00140567-00141116 wow I'm so glad we had this amazing job
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00428-00141117-00141546 I feel so much better now excuse me
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00429-00141547-00141870 while I go what the hell happened with
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00430-00141871-00142756 my running perhaps you can help
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00431-00142757-00143128 now they're his commander the people of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00432-00143129-00143413 the Alliance have questions commander
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00433-00143414-00143638 shepard police had been seen in alg
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00434-00143639-00143923 alani isn't it true that you were on
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00435-00143924-00144175 earth when the Reapers attacked it is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00436-00144176-00144361 are you justify running away while
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00437-00144362-00144632 millions of people on earth died is that
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00438-00144633-00144853 the best we can expect from at enough of
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00439-00144854-00145372 your tabloid journalism ha you want them
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00440-00145373-00146323 ah so angry so good but I came here to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00441-00146324-00146534 get help for Earth not answer your
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00442-00146535-00147201 questions stay down huh I knew it was a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00443-00147202-00147526 my favorite punching bag in the entire
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00444-00147527-00148066 Citadel hey commander we are able to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00445-00148067-00148210 counsel not interested in helping us
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00446-00148211-00148571 something like that no there is we are
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00447-00148572-00148856 humans look at this place there's no war
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00448-00148857-00149140 here Oh heard about it they're talking
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00449-00149141-00149398 about it but they don't really believe I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00450-00149399-00149641 think it this is your first time here we
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00451-00149642-00149962 see somebody galaxy so I've been to the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00452-00149963-00150170 negative never up here in the Presidium
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00453-00150171-00150668 it's not right it looks pretty calm and
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00454-00150669-00150998 peaceful but it's not right it's all
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00455-00150999-00151460 just an illusion and wise peaceful what
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00456-00151461-00151760 was it really I mean when push comes to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00457-00151761-00151910 shove they're just going to turtle up oh
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00458-00151911-00152144 but don't hit them too right they'd
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00459-00152145-00152381 rather believe in this then chase the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00460-00152382-00152704 truth oh they will there are they real
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00461-00152705-00152972 awakening every species will fall one by
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00462-00152973-00153245 one if they don't work with us no
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00463-00153246-00153485 shamans have bad as if it's even assist
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00464-00153486-00153758 me so you still want to go back to earth
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00465-00153759-00154249 oh yeah but you were right so was
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00466-00154250-00154481 Anderson we can't stop them alone
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00467-00154482-00154648 besides looks like you're gonna have
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00468-00154649-00154786 your hands full convince if you spend a
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00469-00154787-00155021 whole politicians to help us and oh yeah
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00470-00155022-00155275 call them names whatever it takes glad
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00471-00155276-00155428 to hear now we're going to help down to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00472-00155429-00155551 some of the lower levels what they keep
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00473-00155552-00155795 it real you got some spare time
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00474-00155796-00156001 you should come and find me maybe I'll
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00475-00156002-00156707 do welcome commander shepard please
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00476-00156708-00157343 select a desperate moment please
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00477-00157344-00158481 let's see sure let's go and check up on
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00478-00158482-00159369 Cajun you seem like someone like speak
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00479-00159370-00160650 with up all right good work doctor
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00480-00160651-00161130 friend narrowly I'll see if we have the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00481-00161131-00161391 required special binding reach thank you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00482-00161392-00161886 I doctor didn't expect to see you again
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00483-00161887-00162156 so soon well we need to prescribe you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00484-00162157-00162825 another round of antibiotics
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00485-00162826-00163713 I mine nope ah here you are you don't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00486-00163714-00164346 look too good soldier okay don't know
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00487-00164347-00164697 you can hear me although can't tell me
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00488-00164698-00164928 get the hell out using it is telling me
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00489-00164929-00165075 that I must be having an emotional
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00490-00165076-00165540 moment right now yeah there's the ghost
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00491-00165541-00165738 get your ass outta bed and back to your
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00492-00165739-00166259 post major hang like a hell of a soldier
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00493-00166260-00167277 seem close right yeah we'll need some
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00494-00167278-00167747 cannon for the don't we come on major
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00495-00167748-00168522 fight fight I am not seeing any fighting
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00496-00168523-00169307 going on that's an order oh well
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00497-00169308-00169608 disposed which was giving him orders I'm
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00498-00169609-00169908 sure he will feel much better once you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00499-00169909-00170607 wake up Shepherd where you are ah you're
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00500-00170608-00170880 here i'm working at an alliance R&D lab
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00501-00170881-00171084 down in shelter would coordinating
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00502-00171085-00171339 closely with Admiral happy I heard you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00503-00171340-00171525 escaped death in the Normandy and that
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00504-00171526-00171756 someone was critically injured I came as
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00505-00171757-00172121 fast as I could we doctor you see is
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00506-00172122-00172473 minion worst of it my fields are bosses
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00507-00172474-00172737 wedeck Michael Medicus well I'm
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00508-00172738-00172899 impressed field I think there's more
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00509-00172900-00173085 like [__] as well as dr. Michelle's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00510-00173086-00173325 expertise I wish I could have been there
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00511-00173326-00173844 to help on Mars since six months doctor
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00512-00173845-00174050 have you been
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00513-00174051-00174433 good I've been fortunate when they
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00514-00174434-00174619 impounded Normandy alliance didn't
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00515-00174620-00174859 really know what to do with me I was
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00516-00174860-00175089 never officially part of Deborah's and I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00517-00175090-00175270 government properly the bathrooms for my
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00518-00175271-00175549 previous pence so you hadn't technically
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00519-00175550-00175708 done anything wrong by joining me to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00520-00175709-00175989 defeat the collectors yea though I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00521-00175990-00176158 suppose if you would judge to be a war
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00522-00176159-00176337 criminal I would have been tried as an
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00523-00176338-00176695 accessory that's logical yeah let's see
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00524-00176696-00176916 if you would like to join back in the
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00525-00176917-00177148 old lady your place is in Normandy's
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00526-00177149-00177438 medbay not some lab I couldn't agree
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00527-00177439-00177735 more you say the word and i'm with you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00528-00177736-00177937 welcome aboard wouldn't be the same
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00529-00177938-00178195 without You dr. get your things docking
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00530-00178196-00178699 bay d 24 yes come on and thank you yes I
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00531-00178700-00178870 realizing the person will be correct
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00532-00178871-00179287 member djoker that I'd be surprised if
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00533-00179288-00179525 he's been remembering his medication
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00534-00179526-00179772 Joker is the ballots for the wreckage
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00535-00179773-00180549 we'll be seeing him very soon see dr.
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00536-00180550-00180970 Michelle or Mitchell I do not want speak
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00537-00180971-00181110 with you are going to give me some
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00538-00181111-00181566 information on how was the zoo embassies
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00539-00181567-00182087 once again just check if they always
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00540-00182088-00182761 come around nope all right i am lee
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00541-00182762-00183204 going i should go why don't you go to
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00542-00183205-00183585 normal yay i did waive it tomahawk
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00543-00183586-00184140 moving until then however thank you guys
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00544-00184141-00184471 for watching I am looking forward to you
+bmdKYj-GFYg-00545-00184472-00184774 next time bye
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00000-00000019-00000337 hey there today we'll do an English
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00001-00000338-00000701 video because I think this videos topic
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00002-00000702-00001043 might be of interest to more people
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00003-00001044-00001399 my the 7 day water fast yeah in China in
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00004-00001400-00001723 my kung-fu school where I'm studying
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00005-00001725-00001957 kung fu at the moon so if you might be
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00006-00001959-00002171 interested in studying kung fu in China
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00007-00002172-00002264 check out the link in the video
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00008-00002265-00002677 description you also can read much more
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00009-00002678-00003008 detailed experience of my 7 day fast in
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00010-00003009-00003242 German a link to my flocks and
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00011-00003243-00003572 description so I basically just drank
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00012-00003572-00003767 water for 7 days and didn't eat anything
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00013-00003768-00004045 else or track anything else and while
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00014-00004046-00004454 it's so fast I didn't communicate to
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00015-00004455-00004817 anybody I didn't talk and I didn't get
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00016-00004818-00005174 any input I had no PC by this time at
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00017-00005175-00005399 some points I had to break it for some
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00018-00005400-00005770 important reason but basically yeah hey
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00019-00005771-00006088 just if nothing but sitting sleeping
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00020-00006089-00006368 meditating little bit of exercise but
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00021-00006369-00006634 not too much just when I felt like doing
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00022-00006636-00006884 it when I had some energy my energy
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00023-00006884-00007171 levels were up and down that probably
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00024-00007172-00007517 depends on time of the day sometimes I
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00025-00007518-00007745 felt pretty weak and sometimes I felt
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00026-00007745-00008003 super awesome and stuff like I could do
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00027-00008004-00008276 anything I did this water fast because
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00028-00008277-00008621 of healing reasons I wanted to cleanse
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00029-00008622-00008801 and here on my body a little more
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00030-00008802-00009563 and also my mind I think 7 days I got
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00031-00009564-00009767 the width of a lot of tension I started
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00032-00009768-00010052 to learn to use some muscle I didn't use
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00033-00010053-00010264 before where I couldn't get any
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00034-00010265-00010528 connection to this fast was not my first
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00035-00010529-00010931 one I already fasted several times for
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00036-00010932-00011330 one day and I did one for a fast
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00037-00011331-00011741 question asleep intend a fast I also did
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00038-00011742-00011942 a video on this do not have any input
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00039-00011943-00012228 and no communication at all feelings
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00040-00012229-00012657 this was very good I think because I was
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00041-00012658-00013019 forced to really get in touch with my
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00042-00013021-00013368 feelings and my mind and to overcome my
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00043-00013369-00013734 cravings ahead I had very little food
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00044-00013735-00013922 cravings like sometimes there just
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00045-00013924-00014157 lasted for a couple of seconds and then
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00046-00014158-00014457 were gone away I also found about food
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00047-00014458-00014694 like maybe two times but wasn't that
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00048-00014694-00015018 much of an issue like not eating was
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00049-00015019-00015297 really one of the easiest parts by a
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00050-00015297-00015552 fasting Patronus of my first haven't
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00051-00015553-00015954 been very perfect because there was a
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00052-00015955-00016500 lot of noise going on so but maybe also
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00053-00016501-00016761 was kind of helpful because I was forced
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00054-00016762-00017163 to go through all this noise and to
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00055-00017164-00018462 accept it yeah at some point and somehow
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00056-00018463-00018735 was kind of her leaving from day to day
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00057-00018736-00019100 I became more and more relaxed until the
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00058-00019101-00019371 end where I felt super awesome felt like
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00059-00019372-00019737 I could have grown even much longer but
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00060-00019738-00020078 I think yeah it's not the place to do
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00061-00020079-00020394 very long fast also I was wasn't allowed
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00062-00020395-00020522 to my mind Shifu
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00063-00020523-00020838 so but it's fine thank seven days was a
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00064-00020839-00021069 nice time for me because I came so
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00065-00021070-00021252 lightheaded try fasting
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00066-00021253-00021552 it was way easier to meditate and I was
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00067-00021553-00021792 able to hear my body much more intently
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00068-00021793-00022071 today's day six after I broke my fast
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00069-00022072-00022455 and I still feel pretty good but of
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00070-00022456-00022740 course not as relaxed as well
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00071-00022741-00023067 and I'm not able to prolong the feelings
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00072-00023068-00023297 that I had in the end of my past and my
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00073-00023298-00023661 no upcoming daily life since I broke my
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00074-00023662-00024066 first I've been starting to chew a food
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00075-00024067-00024315 I eat much slower than before
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00076-00024316-00024747 and I also think I got a better feeling
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00077-00024748-00025110 for how much I should eat and when my
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00078-00025111-00025506 stomach feels full and yeah got a better
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00079-00025507-00025952 control about my cravings yesterday
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00080-00025954-00026175 I eat a little piece of cake because
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00081-00026176-00026445 some of the students you have birthday
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00082-00026445-00026801 and I couldn't resist and try it so
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00083-00026802-00027042 afterwards I have a lot of sugar
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00084-00027043-00027336 cravings and like now they are gone
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00085-00027337-00027513 yeah but anyway I have the feeling that
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00086-00027514-00027681 I have to be really cautious about
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00087-00027682-00028077 eating sugar and my craving towards it
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00088-00028077-00028386 so finally I think I'm the waterpots did
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00089-00028387-00028743 a lot of good stuff really lot of
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00090-00028744-00029085 tension but of course not as much as it
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00091-00029086-00029595 could have done so I'm very convinced
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00092-00029595-00029787 that we're doing even longer fasts in
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00093-00029788-00030162 the future so I can recommend doing a
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00094-00030163-00030237 water fast
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00095-00030238-00030501 and of course you shouldn't do it if you
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00096-00030502-00030732 don't feel like it you shouldn't force
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00097-00030733-00031015 have to do it and end up having
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00098-00031016-00031327 I'm necessary a lot of cravings - ROH -
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00099-00031328-00031615 then don't have the feeling and good for
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00100-00031616-00031964 yourself so do some research and if
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00101-00031964-00032170 you're interested in of course and yeah
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00102-00032171-00032518 I think it can feel a lot of stuff
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00103-00032519-00032783 maybe nearly every diseases and
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00104-00032784-00033145 illnesses we got I will definitely will
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00105-00033146-00033407 try out much more and we'll see what
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00106-00033408-00033811 what I can hear in my body and I will
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00107-00033812-00034102 let you know there will be hopefully
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00108-00034103-00034376 some useful information for you and if
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00109-00034377-00034624 you want to know something more have any
+bmIwWEHWSgk-00110-00034625-00035090 questions you know you
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00000-00000011-00000308 the Continental Congress also known as
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00001-00000309-00000473 the Philadelphia Congress was a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00002-00000474-00000644 convention of delegates called together
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00003-00000645-00000937 from the 13 colonies it became the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00004-00000938-00001112 governing body of the United States
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00005-00001113-00001329 during the American Revolution the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00006-00001330-00001759 Congress met from 1774 to 1789 in three
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00007-00001760-00002014 incarnations the first call for a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00008-00002016-00002204 convention was made over issues of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00009-00002205-00002363 blockade and the Intolerable Acts
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00010-00002364-00002549 penalizing the province of Massachusetts
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00011-00002550-00002987 in 1774 Benjamin Franklin convinced the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00012-00002988-00003164 colonial delegates to the Congress to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00013-00003165-00003449 form a representative body much of what
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00014-00003450-00003644 we know today comes from the yearly log
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00015-00003645-00003788 books printed by the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00016-00003789-00004022 Congress called resolutions acts and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00017-00004022-00004184 orders of Congress which gives a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00018-00004185-00004367 day-to-day description of debates and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00019-00004368-00004640 issues although the delegates in the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00020-00004641-00004822 early period were divided as to whether
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00021-00004823-00005020 to break from crown rule the Second
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00022-00005021-00005345 Continental Congress on July 2nd 1776
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00023-00005346-00005516 passed a resolution asserting
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00024-00005517-00005695 independence with no opposing vote
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00025-00005696-00005984 recorded the Declaration of Independence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00026-00005985-00006200 was issued two days later declaring a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00027-00006201-00006421 new nation the United States of America
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00028-00006422-00006725 it established a Continental Army giving
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00029-00006726-00006910 command to one of its members George
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00030-00006911-00007214 Washington of Virginia it waged war with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00031-00007215-00007412 Great Britain made a militia treaty with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00032-00007413-00007601 France and funded the war effort with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00033-00007602-00007738 loans and paper money
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00034-00007739-00008003 the third Continental Congress was the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00035-00008004-00008210 Congress of the Confederation under the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00036-00008211-00008648 Articles of Confederation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00037-00008649-00009211 topic previous congresses
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00038-00009212-00009457 the idea of a Congress of British North
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00039-00009458-00009696 American colonies was first broached in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00040-00009697-00009931 1754 at the start of the French and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00041-00009932-00010117 Indian War which started as the North
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00042-00010118-00010288 American front of the Seven Years War
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00043-00010289-00010579 between Great Britain and France it met
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00044-00010580-00010798 in Albany New York from June 18th to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00045-00010799-00011086 July 11 1754 and was attended by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00046-00011087-00011304 representatives from seven colonies
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00047-00011305-00011539 among the delegates was Benjamin
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00048-00011540-00011737 Franklin of Philadelphia who proposed
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00049-00011738-00011914 that the colonies joined together in a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00050-00011915-00012163 confederation while this idea was
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00051-00012164-00012370 rejected by the Albany Congress it would
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00052-00012371-00012643 be revived 113 years later among the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00053-00012644-00012813 remaining colonies of British North
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00054-00012814-00013126 America to create Canada to present a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00055-00013127-00013318 united front in their opposition to the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00056-00013319-00013525 Stamp Act delegates of the provinces of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00057-00013526-00013729 British North America met in the Stamp
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00058-00013730-00013936 Act Congress which convened in New York
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00059-00013937-00014131 City from 7:00 through the 25th of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00060-00014132-00014521 October 1765 it issued a declaration of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00061-00014522-00014701 rights and grievances which it sent to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00062-00014702-00014935 the British Parliament in London while
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00063-00014936-00015136 Parliament repealed the Stamp Act the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00064-00015137-00015340 first rockingham ministry rejected any
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00065-00015341-00015541 presumption of authority by the American
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00066-00015541-00015947 Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00067-00015949-00016636 topic First Continental Congress 1774
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00068-00016637-00016867 the First Continental Congress met
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00069-00016868-00017032 briefly in carpenters Hall in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00070-00017033-00017260 Philadelphia Pennsylvania from September
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00071-00017261-00017722 5th to October 26 1774 it consisted of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00072-00017723-00018022 56 delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00073-00018023-00018205 that were to become the United States of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00074-00018206-00018472 America the delegates who included
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00075-00018473-00018655 George Washington than a colonel of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00076-00018656-00018886 Virginia colonies volunteers Patrick
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00077-00018887-00019083 Henry and John Adams were elected by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00078-00019084-00019272 their respective colonial assemblies
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00079-00019273-00019575 other notable delegates included Samuel
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00080-00019576-00019810 Adams from Massachusetts Bay Colony and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00081-00019811-00020011 Joseph Galloway and John Dickinson from
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00082-00020012-00020272 the province of Pennsylvania Haven
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00083-00020273-00020499 Randolph of Virginia was its president
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00084-00020500-00020764 Benjamin Franklin had put forth the idea
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00085-00020765-00021000 of such a meeting the year before but he
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00086-00021001-00021186 was unable to convince the colonies of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00087-00021187-00021475 its necessity until the 1773 British
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00088-00021476-00021646 blockade at the port of Boston in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00089-00021647-00021933 response to the Boston Tea Party all of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00090-00021934-00022125 the colonies sent delegates except the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00091-00022126-00022305 newest and most southerly one the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00092-00022306-00022480 province of Georgia which needed the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00093-00022481-00022663 British Army's protection in order to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00094-00022664-00022858 contend with attacks from several Native
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00095-00022859-00023130 American tribes most of the delegates
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00096-00023131-00023280 were not yet ready to break away from
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00097-00023281-00023467 Great Britain but they wanted the King
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00098-00023468-00023608 and Parliament to act in what they
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00099-00023609-00023783 considered a fairer manner
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00100-00023784-00024049 convened in response to the Intolerable
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00101-00024050-00024355 Acts passed by Parliament in 1774 the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00102-00024356-00024547 delegates organized an economic boycott
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00103-00024548-00024744 of Great Britain in protest and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00104-00024745-00024900 petitioned the King for a redress of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00105-00024901-00025186 grievances the colonies were united in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00106-00025187-00025330 their effort to demonstrate to the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00107-00025331-00025483 mother country their authority by virtue
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00108-00025484-00025699 of their common causes in their unity
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00109-00025700-00025872 but their ultimate objectives were not
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00110-00025873-00025950 consistent
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00111-00025951-00026218 the Pennsylvania and New York provinces
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00112-00026219-00026364 had sent with their delegates firm
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00113-00026366-00026577 instructions to pursue a resolution with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00114-00026578-00026818 Great Britain while the other colonies
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00115-00026819-00027037 all held the idea of colonial rights as
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00116-00027038-00027211 paramount they were split between those
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00117-00027212-00027396 who sought legislative equality with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00118-00027397-00027568 Britain and those who instead favored
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00119-00027569-00027748 independence and a break from the crown
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00120-00027749-00028245 and its excesses on October 26 1774 the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00121-00028247-00028468 First Continental Congress adjourned but
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00122-00028469-00028752 it agreed to reconvene in May 1775 if
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00123-00028753-00028927 Parliament still had not addressed their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00124-00028927-00029354 grievances
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00125-00029355-00029699 topic Second Continental Congress 1775
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00126-00029700-00030170 to 1783
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00127-00030172-00030411 in London Parliament debated the merits
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00128-00030412-00030576 of meeting the demands made by the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00129-00030577-00030804 colonies however it took no official
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00130-00030805-00030977 notice of Congress's petitions and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00131-00030979-00031389 addresses on November 30th 1774 King
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00132-00031389-00031581 George the 3rd opened Parliament with a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00133-00031582-00031785 speech condemning Massachusetts and the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00134-00031786-00031998 Suffolk resolves at that point it became
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00135-00031999-00032133 clear that the Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00136-00032133-00032343 would have to convene once again the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00137-00032344-00032550 Second Continental Congress convened on
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00138-00032551-00032877 May 10 1775 at Philadelphia's statehouse
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00139-00032878-00033096 passing the resolution for independence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00140-00033097-00033429 the following year on July 2nd 1776 and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00141-00033430-00033639 publicly asserting the decision two days
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00142-00033640-00033780 later with the Declaration of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00143-00033781-00034038 Independence Thomas Jefferson of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00144-00034039-00034236 Virginia drafted the Declaration and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00145-00034237-00034425 John Adams was a leader in the debates
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00146-00034426-00034734 in favor of its adoption John Hancock of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00147-00034735-00034926 Massachusetts was the president during
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00148-00034927-00035124 those debates to govern during the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00149-00035125-00035352 American Revolutionary War the Second
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00150-00035353-00035532 Continental Congress continued meeting
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00151-00035533-00035769 at various locations until it became the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00152-00035770-00035952 Congress of the Confederation when the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00153-00035953-00036153 Articles of Confederation were ratified
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00154-00036154-00036640 on March 1st 1781
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00155-00036641-00037040 topic Confederation Congress 1781 to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00156-00037041-00037481 1789
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00157-00037482-00037724 the newly founded country of the United
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00158-00037725-00037883 States next had to create a new
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00159-00037884-00038030 government to replace the British
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00160-00038031-00038189 Parliament that it was in rebellion
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00161-00038190-00038489 against after much debate the Americans
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00162-00038490-00038705 adopted the Articles of Confederation a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00163-00038706-00038918 declaration that established a national
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00164-00038919-00039062 government made up of a one-house
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00165-00039063-00039260 legislature known as the Congress of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00166-00039261-00039655 Confederation it met from 1781 to 1789
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00167-00039656-00039932 the Confederation Congress helped guide
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00168-00039933-00040103 the United States through the final
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00169-00040104-00040310 stages of the Revolutionary War but
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00170-00040311-00040472 during peacetime the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00171-00040473-00040711 Congress steeply declined in importance
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00172-00040712-00040865 during peacetime
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00173-00040866-00041066 there were two important long-lasting
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00174-00041067-00041360 acts of the Confederation Congress the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00175-00041361-00041540 passage of the Northwest Ordinance in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00176-00041541-00041855 1787 this ordinance accepted the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00177-00041856-00042062 abolition of all claims to the land west
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00178-00042063-00042263 of Pennsylvania and north of the Ohio
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00179-00042264-00042398 River by the states of Pennsylvania
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00180-00042399-00042668 Virginia New York Connecticut and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00181-00042669-00042836 Massachusetts and the ordinance
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00182-00042837-00043055 established federal control over all of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00183-00043056-00043238 this land in the Northwest Territory
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00184-00043239-00043457 with the goal that several new states
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00185-00043458-00043706 should be created there in the course of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00186-00043707-00043904 time this land was divided over the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00187-00043905-00044093 course of many decades into Ohio
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00188-00044094-00044408 Michigan Indiana Illinois Wisconsin and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00189-00044409-00044678 part of Minnesota after years of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00190-00044679-00044884 frustration an agreement was reached in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00191-00044885-00045161 1786 at the Annapolis convention to call
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00192-00045162-00045410 another convention in May 1787 in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00193-00045411-00045596 Philadelphia with the mission of writing
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00194-00045597-00045776 and proposing a number of amendments to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00195-00045777-00045983 the Articles of Confederation to improve
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00196-00045984-00046229 the form of government the report was
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00197-00046230-00046418 sent to the Confederation Congress in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00198-00046419-00046589 the state the result was the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00199-00046590-00046877 Philadelphia Convention of 1787 which
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00200-00046878-00047069 was authorized by all the states thus
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00201-00047070-00047267 fulfilling the unanimous requirement of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00202-00047268-00047456 the Articles of Confederation to allow
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00203-00047457-00047627 changes to the Articles under the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00204-00047628-00047786 Articles of Confederation the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00205-00047787-00047993 Confederation Congress had little power
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00206-00047994-00048173 to compel the individual states to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00207-00048174-00048446 comply with any of its decisions more
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00208-00048447-00048617 and more prospective delegates elected
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00209-00048618-00048839 to the Confederation Congress declined
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00210-00048840-00049073 to serve in it the leading men in each
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00211-00049074-00049247 state preferred to serve in the state
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00212-00049248-00049424 governments and thus the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00213-00049425-00049622 Congress had frequent difficulties in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00214-00049623-00049889 establishing a quorum when the Articles
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00215-00049890-00050090 of Confederation were superseded by the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00216-00050091-00050315 Constitution of the United States the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00217-00050316-00050531 Confederation Congress was superseded by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00218-00050532-00050746 the United States Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00219-00050747-00051007 the Confederation Congress finally set
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00220-00051008-00051202 up a suitable administrative structure
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00221-00051203-00051436 for the federal government it put into
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00222-00051437-00051654 operation a departmental system with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00223-00051655-00051855 ministers of finance of war and of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00224-00051857-00052120 Foreign Affairs Robert Morris was
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00225-00052121-00052305 selected as the new superintendent of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00226-00052307-00052486 Finance and then Morris used some
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00227-00052487-00052714 ingenuity and initiative along with a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00228-00052715-00052936 loan from the French government to deal
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00229-00052937-00053140 with his empty treasury and also runaway
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00230-00053141-00053344 inflation for a number of years in the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00231-00053345-00053665 supply of paper money as the ambassador
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00232-00053666-00053880 to France Benjamin Franklin not only
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00233-00053882-00054180 secured the bridge loan for the national
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00234-00054182-00054409 budget but he also persuaded France to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00235-00054410-00054591 send an army of about six thousand
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00236-00054592-00054778 soldiers across the Atlantic Ocean to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00237-00054779-00055045 America and also to dispatch a large
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00238-00055046-00055276 squadron of French warships under Comte
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00239-00055277-00055467 de Grasse to the coasts of Virginia and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00240-00055469-00055552 North Carolina
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00241-00055553-00055834 these French warships were decisive at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00242-00055835-00056011 the Battle of Yorktown along the coast
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00243-00056012-00056173 of Virginia by preventing Lord
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00244-00056174-00056395 Cornwallis British troops from receiving
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00245-00056396-00056638 supplies reinforcements or evacuation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00246-00056639-00056848 via the James River and Hampton Roads
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00247-00056849-00057097 Virginia Robert Morris the Minister of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00248-00057098-00057313 Finance persuaded Congress to charter
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00249-00057314-00057504 the Bank of North America on December
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00250-00057505-00057898 31st 1781 although a private bank the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00251-00057899-00058078 federal government acquired partial
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00252-00058079-00058341 ownership with money lent by France the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00253-00058342-00058528 Bank of North America played a major
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00254-00058529-00058738 role in financing the war against Great
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00255-00058739-00058992 Britain the combined armies of George
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00256-00058994-00059191 Washington and Nathaniel Greene with the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00257-00059191-00059341 help of the French army and navy
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00258-00059341-00059527 defeated the British in the Battle of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00259-00059528-00059872 Yorktown during October 1781 Lord
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00260-00059873-00060064 Cornwallis was forced to sue for peace
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00261-00060065-00060274 and to surrender his entire army to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00262-00060275-00060604 General Washington during 1783 the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00263-00060604-00060775 Americans secured the official
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00264-00060776-00060942 recognition of the Independence of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00265-00060944-00061141 United States from the United Kingdom
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00266-00061141-00061366 via negotiations with British diplomats
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00267-00061366-00061651 in Paris France these negotiations
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00268-00061652-00061825 culminated with the signing of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00269-00061826-00062116 Treaty of Paris of 1783 and this treaty
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00270-00062116-00062278 was soon ratified by the British
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00271-00062279-00062678 Parliament
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00272-00062679-00063151 topic organization
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00273-00063152-00063313 the delegates to the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00274-00063314-00063555 Congress had extensive experience in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00275-00063557-00063739 deliberative bodies before coming to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00276-00063740-00063988 Congress with a cumulative total of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00277-00063989-00064270 nearly 500 years of experience in their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00278-00064271-00064537 colonial legislatures and fully a dozen
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00279-00064538-00064729 of them had served as speakers of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00280-00064729-00065047 houses of their legislatures both the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00281-00065048-00065229 Parliament of Great Britain and many of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00282-00065230-00065401 their own colonial assemblies had
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00283-00065402-00065584 powerful speakers of the house and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00284-00065585-00065767 standing committees with strong chairmen
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00285-00065768-00065971 with executive power held by the British
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00286-00065972-00066241 monarch or the colonial governor however
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00287-00066242-00066460 the organization of the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00288-00066461-00066640 Congress was based less on the British
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00289-00066641-00066787 Parliament or on the local state
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00290-00066788-00066991 assemblies than on the nine colony Stamp
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00291-00066992-00067318 Act Congress nine of the 56 delegates
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00292-00067319-00067603 who attended the first Congress in 1774
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00293-00067604-00067810 had previously attended the Stamp Act
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00294-00067811-00068173 Congress in 1765 these were some of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00295-00068174-00068359 most respected of the delegates and they
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00296-00068360-00068497 influenced the direction of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00297-00068498-00068704 organization from its opening day when
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00298-00068705-00068905 decisions were made on organisation and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00299-00068906-00069106 procedures that lasted over 14 years
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00300-00069107-00069295 until the Congress was adjourned on
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00301-00069296-00069664 March 2nd 1788 the delegates chose a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00302-00069665-00069868 presiding president of the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00303-00069869-00070075 Congress to monitor the debate maintain
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00304-00070076-00070267 order and make sure journals were kept
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00305-00070268-00070459 and documents and letters were published
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00306-00070460-00070717 and delivered otherwise the President
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00307-00070718-00070912 had little power and he was largely a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00308-00070913-00071071 figurehead used to meet visiting
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00309-00071072-00071284 dignitaries the office was more
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00310-00071285-00071578 honorable than powerful the job was not
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00311-00071579-00071773 much sought-after or retained for long
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00312-00071774-00072151 there were 16 presidents in 14 years the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00313-00072152-00072319 turnover of delegates was enormous
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00314-00072320-00072472 Lehigh as well with an average
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00315-00072473-00072739 year-to-year churn rate of 37 percent by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00316-00072740-00072982 one calculation and 39 percent by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00317-00072983-00073336 session to session of the 343 serving
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00318-00073337-00073699 delegates only 55 percent 187 delegates
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00319-00073700-00073930 spent 12 or more months in Philadelphia
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00320-00073931-00074254 at the Congress only 25 of the delegates
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00321-00074255-00074560 served longer than 35 months this high
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00322-00074561-00074782 rate of turnover or churn was not just a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00323-00074783-00074950 characteristic it was made into a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00324-00074951-00075241 deliberate policy of term limits in the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00325-00075242-00075484 Confederation phase of the Congress no
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00326-00075485-00075673 delegate was permitted to serve more
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00327-00075674-00075954 than 3 years in any six
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00328-00075955-00076203 attendance was variable while in session
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00329-00076204-00076469 between 54 and 22 delegates were in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00330-00076470-00076644 attendance at any one time with an
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00331-00076645-00076890 average of only 35 point 5 members
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00332-00076891-00077303 attending between 1774 and 1788 between
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00333-00077304-00077640 1775 and 1781 they created a few
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00334-00077641-00077796 standing committees to handle war
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00335-00077797-00078000 related activities such as the committee
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00336-00078001-00078210 of secret correspondence the Treasury
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00337-00078211-00078407 Board the board of war and ordinance and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00338-00078408-00078684 the Navy board however most of their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00339-00078685-00079011 work was done in small ad-hoc committees
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00340-00079012-00079215 consisting of members nominated from the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00341-00079216-00079428 floor the delegate with the most votes
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00342-00079429-00079598 became the chair of the committee
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00343-00079599-00079842 committees typically had three to five
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00344-00079843-00080121 members roughly 77% of the committee's
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00345-00080122-00080568 had only three members they created 3294
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00346-00080569-00080831 committees over the 14.5 year calendar
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00347-00080832-00081032 life of the Congress nearly 19
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00348-00081033-00081309 committees a month at the opening of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00349-00081310-00081522 Congress when one delegate suggested
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00350-00081523-00081690 they appoint a committee on rules and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00351-00081691-00081960 voting the motion was rejected as every
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00352-00081961-00082212 gent was acquainted with the British
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00353-00082213-00082388 House of Commons usage and such a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00354-00082389-00082665 committee would be a waste of time they
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00355-00082666-00082809 did write up rules of debate that
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00356-00082810-00083019 guaranteed equal rights to debate and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00357-00083020-00083187 open access to the floor for each
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00358-00083188-00083501 delegate voting was by the unit rule
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00359-00083502-00083819 each state cast a single vote votes were
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00360-00083820-00084032 first taken within each state delegation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00361-00084033-00084243 the majority determined vote was
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00362-00084244-00084399 considered the vote of the state on a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00363-00084400-00084618 motion in cases of a tie the vote for
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00364-00084619-00084851 the state was not counted the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00365-00084852-00085044 Continental Congress took on powers
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00366-00085045-00085251 normally held by the British monarch and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00367-00085252-00085437 his council such as the conduct of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00368-00085438-00085743 foreign and military affairs however the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00369-00085744-00085929 right to tax and regulate trade was
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00370-00085930-00086136 reserved for the states not the Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00371-00086137-00086412 they had no formal way to enforce their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00372-00086413-00086588 motions on the state governments
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00373-00086589-00086841 delegates did not report directly to the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00374-00086842-00086991 president but to their home state
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00375-00086992-00087198 assemblies its organizational structure
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00376-00087199-00087480 has been described as an extreme form of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00377-00087481-00087792 matrix management it ran with very low
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00378-00087793-00088001 overhead of four men for the 56
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00379-00088002-00088236 delegates having only secretary Charles
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00380-00088237-00088416 Thompson as its operating officer for
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00381-00088417-00088757 the whole period from 1774 to 1789
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00382-00088758-00089010 supported by a scribe a doorman and a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00383-00089011-00089288 messenger they also appointed initially
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00384-00089289-00089331 one
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00385-00089332-00089840 and later to congressional chaplains
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00386-00089841-00090341 topic legacy
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00387-00090342-00090557 there is a long-running debate on how
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00388-00090558-00090704 effective the Congress was as an
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00389-00090705-00090791 organization
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00390-00090792-00091034 the first critic may have been General
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00391-00091035-00091265 George Washington in an address to his
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00392-00091266-00091499 officers at Newburgh New York on March
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00393-00091500-00091817 15 1783 responding to complaints that
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00394-00091818-00091976 Congress had not funded their pay and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00395-00091977-00092183 pensions he stated that he believed that
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00396-00092184-00092402 Congress would do the army complete
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00397-00092403-00092648 justice and eventually pay the soldiers
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00398-00092649-00092936 but like all other large bodies where
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00399-00092937-00093107 there is a variety of different
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00400-00093108-00093272 interests to reconcile their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00401-00093273-00093547 deliberations are slow
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00402-00093548-00093768 in addition to their slowness the lack
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00403-00093769-00093963 of course of power in the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00404-00093964-00094180 Congress was harshly criticized by James
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00405-00094181-00094372 Madison when arguing for the need of a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00406-00094373-00094642 Federal Constitution his comment in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00407-00094643-00094856 vices of the political system of April
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00408-00094857-00095146 1787 set the conventional wisdom on the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00409-00095147-00095374 historical legacy of the institution for
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00410-00095375-00095461 centuries to come
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00411-00095462-00095740 a sanction is essential to the idea of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00412-00095741-00095962 law as coercion as to that of government
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00413-00095963-00096225 the federal system being destitute of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00414-00096226-00096444 both wants the great vital principles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00415-00096445-00096750 a political Constitution under the form
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00416-00096751-00096961 of such a constitution it is in fact
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00417-00096962-00097156 nothing more than a Treaty of Amity of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00418-00097157-00097348 Commerce and of alliance between so many
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00419-00097349-00097636 independent and sovereign states from
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00420-00097637-00097806 what cause could say fatal and omission
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00421-00097807-00097932 have happened in the Articles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00422-00097933-00098224 Confederation from a mistaken confidence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00423-00098225-00098398 that the Justice the good faith the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00424-00098399-00098619 honor the sound policy of the several
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00425-00098620-00098793 legislative assemblies would render
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00426-00098794-00098992 superfluous any appeal to the ordinary
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00427-00098993-00099184 motives by which the laws secure the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00428-00099185-00099403 obedience of individuals a confidence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00429-00099404-00099565 which does honor to the enthusiastic
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00430-00099566-00099793 virtue of the compilers as much as the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00431-00099794-00100021 inexperience of the crisis apologizes
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00432-00100022-00100321 for their errors many commentators take
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00433-00100322-00100482 for granted that the leaderless weak
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00434-00100483-00100680 slow and small committee driven
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00435-00100681-00100855 Continental Congress was a failure
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00436-00100856-00101076 largely because after the end of the war
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00437-00101077-00101296 the Articles of Confederation no longer
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00438-00101297-00101475 suited the needs of a peacetime nation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00439-00101476-00101653 and the Congress itself following
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00440-00101654-00101860 Madison's recommendations called for its
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00441-00101861-00102118 revision and replacement some also
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00442-00102119-00102318 suggest that the Congress was inhibited
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00443-00102319-00102519 by the formation of contentious partisan
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00444-00102520-00102731 alignments based on regional differences
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00445-00102732-00102973 others claim that Congress was less
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00446-00102974-00103209 ideological than event-driven others
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00447-00103210-00103404 note that the Congress was successful in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00448-00103405-00103627 that the American people came to accept
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00449-00103628-00103869 Congress as their legitimate institution
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00450-00103870-00104117 of government but the rather poor
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00451-00104118-00104385 governmental record of the Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00452-00104386-00104590 forced the Constitutional Convention of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00453-00104591-00105013 1787 political scientists Calvin Jillson
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00454-00105014-00105256 and Rick Wilson in the 1980s accepted
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00455-00105257-00105439 the conventional interpretation on the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00456-00105440-00105609 weakness of the Congress due to the lack
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00457-00105610-00105889 of coercive power they explored the role
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00458-00105890-00106078 of leadership or rather the lack of it
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00459-00106079-00106363 in the Continental Congress going beyond
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00460-00106364-00106564 even Madison's harsh critique they used
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00461-00106565-00106813 the analytical stance of what has come
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00462-00106814-00106924 to be called the new and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00463-00106925-00107269 stitute on ilysm to demonstrate that the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00464-00107270-00107569 norms rules and institutional structures
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00465-00107570-00107896 of the Continental Congress were equally
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00466-00107897-00108151 to blame for the institution's eventual
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00467-00108152-00108463 failure and that the institutional
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00468-00108464-00108655 structure worked against rather than
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00469-00108656-00108829 with the delegates in tackling the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00470-00108830-00109171 crucial issues of the day the historian
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00471-00109172-00109359 Richard P McCormack rendered a more
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00472-00109360-00109471 nuanced judgment
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00473-00109472-00109744 he suggested that Madison's extreme
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00474-00109745-00110065 judgment on the Congress was motivated
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00475-00110066-00110293 no doubt by Madison's overriding desire
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00476-00110294-00110527 to create a new central government that
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00477-00110528-00110725 would be empowered veto the acts of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00478-00110726-00111058 state legislatures but that it fails to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00479-00111058-00111304 take any notice of the fact that while
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00480-00111305-00111499 the authority of the Confederation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00481-00111500-00111715 Congress was ambiguous it was not a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00482-00111716-00112069 nullity Benjamin Ervin in his social and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00483-00112070-00112243 cultural history of the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00484-00112244-00112456 Congress praised the invented traditions
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00485-00112457-00112635 by which Congress endeavored to fortify
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00486-00112636-00112804 the resistance movement and to make
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00487-00112805-00113119 meaning of American independence but he
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00488-00113120-00113380 noted that after the war's end rather
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00489-00113381-00113578 than passively adopting the Congress's
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00490-00113579-00113806 creations the American people embraced
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00491-00113807-00114079 rejected reworked ridiculed or simply
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00492-00114080-00114255 ignored them as they saw fit an
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00493-00114256-00114505 organizational culture analysis of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00494-00114506-00114697 Continental Congress by Neil Olsen
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00495-00114698-00114931 looking for the values norms and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00496-00114932-00115144 underlying assumptions that drive an
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00497-00115145-00115495 organization's decisions noted that the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00498-00115496-00115654 leaderless Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00499-00115655-00115825 outperformed not only the modern
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00500-00115826-00116017 Congress run by powerful partisan
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00501-00116018-00116221 hierarchies but modern government and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00502-00116222-00116374 corporate entities for all their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00503-00116375-00116569 coercive power and vaunted skills as
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00504-00116570-00116728 leaders looking at their mission as
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00505-00116729-00116914 defined by state resolutions and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00506-00116915-00117064 petitions entered into the Congressional
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00507-00117065-00117304 journal on its first day it found that
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00508-00117305-00117481 on the common issues of the relief of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00509-00117482-00117658 Boston securing colonial rights
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00510-00117658-00117858 eventually restoring harmonious
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00511-00117859-00118021 relations with Great Britain and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00512-00118022-00118228 repealing taxes they over achieved their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00513-00118229-00118450 mission goals defeated the largest army
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00514-00118451-00118642 and navy in the world and created two
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00515-00118643-00118935 new types of republic Olson suggests
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00516-00118936-00119160 that the Congress is slow when judged by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00517-00119161-00119329 its many achievements not the least
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00518-00119330-00119515 being recognizing its flaws then
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00519-00119516-00119728 replacing and terminating itself was a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00520-00119729-00120158 success
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00521-00120158-00120667 topic timeline
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00522-00120668-00120923 1774 September 5th First Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00523-00120924-00121145 Congress convenes at Philadelphia's
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00524-00121146-00121520 carpenters Hall October 14th Declaration
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00525-00121521-00121664 and resolves of the First Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00526-00121665-00122006 Congress has adopted October 18th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00527-00122007-00122275 Continental Association has adopted
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00528-00122276-00122570 October 25th first petition to the king
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00529-00122571-00122939 is signed October 26th Congress adjourns
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00530-00122940-00123164 resolving to reconvene the following May
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00531-00123165-00123452 if grievances were not redressed 1775
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00532-00123453-00123704 April 19th war begins at the battles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00533-00123705-00123992 Lexington and Concord May 10th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00534-00123993-00124205 Second Continental Congress convenes at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00535-00124206-00124510 Philadelphia's State House June 14th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00536-00124511-00124721 Congress establishes the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00537-00124722-00124946 Army June 15th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00538-00124947-00125102 Congress appoints one of its members
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00539-00125103-00125324 George Washington as commander of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00540-00125325-00125449 Continental Army
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00541-00125450-00125768 July 1st King George the 3rd addresses
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00542-00125769-00125959 Parliament stating they will put a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00543-00125960-00126341 speedy end to the rebellion July 6
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00544-00126342-00126533 declaration of the causes and necessity
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00545-00126533-00126893 of taking up arms as approved July 8th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00546-00126894-00127111 second petition to the king the Olive
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00547-00127113-00127309 Branch petition is signed and sent to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00548-00127310-00127652 London August 23rd in his proclamation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00549-00127653-00127836 of rebellion officially titled a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00550-00127838-00128078 proclamation for suppressing rebellion
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00551-00128079-00128306 and Sedition King George the third
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00552-00128307-00128501 declares elements of the American
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00553-00128502-00128768 colonies in open an avowed rebellion and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00554-00128769-00128983 orders officials of the British Empire
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00555-00128984-00129235 to use their utmost endeavours to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00556-00129236-00129558 withstand and suppress such rebellion
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00557-00129559-00129859 October 13th Congress establishes the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00558-00129860-00130193 Continental Navy November 10th Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00559-00130194-00130508 establishes the Continental Marines 1776
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00560-00130508-00130718 January 10th Thomas Paine publishes
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00561-00130719-00131008 Common Sense June 7th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00562-00131009-00131231 Richard Henry Lee of Virginia presents a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00563-00131232-00131411 three-part resolution to Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00564-00131412-00131552 calling on Congress to declare
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00565-00131553-00131792 independence form foreign alliances and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00566-00131793-00132043 prepare a plan of colonial Confederation
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00567-00132044-00132371 June 10 congr Azote Sanh june 10th to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00568-00132372-00132551 postpone further discussion of Lee's
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00569-00132552-00132746 resolution for three weeks to allow time
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00570-00132747-00132935 for the delegates to confer with their
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00571-00132936-00133214 state assemblies June 11th Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00572-00133215-00133523 appoint a committee of five Thomas
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00573-00133524-00133739 Jefferson of Virginia John Adams of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00574-00133740-00133946 Massachusetts Benjamin Franklin of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00575-00133947-00134000 pencil
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00576-00134001-00134239 Roger Sherman of Connecticut and Robert
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00577-00134240-00134432 our Livingston of New York to draft a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00578-00134433-00134769 declaration justifying independence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00579-00134770-00134994 June twelfth Congress appoints a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00580-00134995-00135168 committee of 13 to draft of a
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00581-00135169-00135410 constitution for a union of the states
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00582-00135411-00135747 July 2nd Lea resolution also known as
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00583-00135748-00135991 the resolution for independence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00584-00135992-00136236 asserting the independence of the 13
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00585-00136237-00136484 colonies from Great Britain is adopted
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00586-00136485-00136797 July 4th final text of the Declaration
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00587-00136798-00136966 of Independence is adopted
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00588-00136967-00137268 July 12th John Dickinson presents the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00589-00137269-00137520 committee of 13s draft constitution to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00590-00137521-00137837 Congress August 2nd delegates signed an
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00591-00137838-00138026 engrossed copy of the Declaration of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00592-00138027-00138139 Independence
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00593-00138140-00138401 December 12th Congress adjourns to move
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00594-00138402-00138716 to Baltimore Maryland December 20th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00595-00138717-00138926 Congress convenes in Baltimore at the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00596-00138927-00139293 Henry fight House 1777 February 27th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00597-00139294-00139454 Congress adjourns to return to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00598-00139455-00139547 Philadelphia
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00599-00139548-00139818 March 4th Congress reconvenes at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00600-00139819-00140191 Philadelphia's State House June 14th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00601-00140192-00140429 defining the design of the flag of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00602-00140430-00140708 United States of America is adopted
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00603-00140709-00140966 September 18th Congress adjourns in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00604-00140967-00141233 order to move to Lancaster Pennsylvania
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00605-00141234-00141551 September 27th Congress convenes for one
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00606-00141552-00141797 day in Lancaster at the courthouse
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00607-00141798-00142071 September 30th Congress reconvenes at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00608-00142072-00142307 York Pennsylvania at the courthouse
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00609-00142308-00142604 November 15th final text of the Articles
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00610-00142605-00142833 of Confederation is approved and sent to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00611-00142834-00143133 the States for ratification 1778 June
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00612-00143134-00143370 27th Congress adjourns to return to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00613-00143371-00143670 Philadelphia July 2nd Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00614-00143671-00143883 reconvenes in Philadelphia first at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00615-00143884-00144050 College Hall then at the State House
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00616-00144051-00144381 1780 January 15th Congress establishes
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00617-00144382-00144612 the Court of Appeals in cases of capture
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00618-00144613-00144902 1781 March 1st having been ratified by
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00619-00144903-00145112 all 13 states the Articles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00620-00145113-00145287 Confederation becomes effective
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00621-00145288-00145463 Continental Congress becomes the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00622-00145464-00145806 Congress of the Confederation May 26th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00623-00145807-00146012 proposed plan from Robert Morris to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00624-00146013-00146232 establish Bank of North America approved
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00625-00146233-00146350 by Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00626-00146351-00146658 October 17th surrender of Cornwallis at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00627-00146659-00147048 Yorktown Virginia December 31st Bank of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00628-00147049-00147306 North America chartered by Congress 1783
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00629-00147307-00147594 June 21st the Pennsylvania mutiny of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00630-00147595-00147834 1783 forces Congress to flee
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00631-00147835-00148039 Philadelphia
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00632-00148040-00148300 June 30th Congress reconvenes in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00633-00148301-00148510 Princeton New Jersey first at a house
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00634-00148511-00148951 named prospect then NASA Hall November
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00635-00148952-00149134 4th Congress adjourns to move to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00636-00149135-00149476 Annapolis Maryland November 26th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00637-00149477-00149698 Congress reconvenes at Annapolis in the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00638-00149699-00150007 Statehouse December 23rd George
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00639-00150008-00150286 Washington resigns from the Army 1784
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00640-00150287-00150541 January 14th the Treaty of Paris has
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00641-00150542-00150871 ratified May 7th Thomas Jefferson is
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00642-00150872-00151177 appointed as a minister to France August
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00643-00151178-00151375 19th Congress adjourns to move to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00644-00151376-00151533 Trenton New Jersey
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00645-00151534-00151807 November 1st Congress reconvenes at
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00646-00151808-00152037 Trenton at the French arms Tavern
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00647-00152038-00152332 December 24th Congress adjourns to move
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00648-00152333-00152647 to New York City 1785 January 11th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00649-00152648-00152854 Congress reconvenes in New York City
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00650-00152855-00153061 first at City Hall then at Francis
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00651-00153062-00153454 tavern March 25 to 28 Maryland Virginia
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00652-00153455-00153811 conference held at Mount Vernon March 28
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00653-00153812-00154015 Mount Vernon compact is signed between
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00654-00154016-00154228 Maryland and Virginia covering the use
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00655-00154229-00154552 of the Potomac River 1786 August 29th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00656-00154553-00154924 Shay's rebellion begins September 11th -
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00657-00154925-00155332 14 - 1786 Annapolis convention held
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00658-00155333-00155554 delegates issues a report calling for
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00659-00155555-00155689 another meeting in the spring with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00660-00155690-00155986 delegates from all states 1787 February
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00661-00155987-00156247 21st Congress calls a constitutional
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00662-00156248-00156439 convention for the sole and express
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00663-00156440-00156661 purpose of revising the Articles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00664-00156662-00156874 Confederation and reporting to Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00665-00156875-00157099 and the several legislators such
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00666-00157100-00157333 alterations and provisions therein and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00667-00157334-00157555 when agreed to in Congress and confirmed
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00668-00157556-00157732 by the states render the Federal
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00669-00157733-00157951 Constitution adequate to the exigencies
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00670-00157952-00158185 of government and the preservation of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00671-00158186-00158599 the Union May 25th Constitutional
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00672-00158600-00158791 Convention convenes in Philadelphia
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00673-00158792-00158980 every state except for Rhode Island
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00674-00158981-00159325 sends delegates July 13th Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00675-00159326-00159634 passes the Northwest Ordinance September
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00676-00159635-00159889 17th Constitutional Convention adjourns
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00677-00159890-00160072 after completing work on the United
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00678-00160073-00160396 States Constitution September 28th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00679-00160397-00160612 Congress votes to transmit the proposed
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00680-00160613-00160834 Constitution to the thirteen states for
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00681-00160835-00161152 ratification 1788 July 2nd Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00682-00161153-00161386 president Cyrus Griffin informs Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00683-00161387-00161418 that
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00684-00161419-00161552 New Hampshire has ratified the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00685-00161553-00161729 Constitution and notes that it is the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00686-00161730-00161946 ninth ratification thereby allowing for
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00687-00161947-00162146 the establishment of the new government
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00688-00162147-00162389 July 8th a committee is formed to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00689-00162390-00162618 examine all ratifications received and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00690-00162619-00162779 to develop a plan for putting the new
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00691-00162780-00163100 constitution into operation September
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00692-00163101-00163161 13th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00693-00163162-00163320 Congress certifies that the new
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00694-00163321-00163557 Constitution has been duly ratified and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00695-00163558-00163734 sets date for first meeting of the new
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00696-00163735-00163901 federal government and the presidential
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00697-00163902-00164228 election October 10th the last session
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00698-00164229-00164373 during which the Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00699-00164374-00164591 succeeded in achieving a quorum and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00700-00164592-00164951 passes its last ordinance November 15th
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00701-00164952-00165159 Cyrus Griffin the tenth president of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00702-00165160-00165297 Congress under the Articles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00703-00165298-00165626 Confederation resigns 1789 March 2nd
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00704-00165627-00165783 last meeting of the Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00705-00165784-00166028 held at Fraunces Tavern is adjourned
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00706-00166029-00166281 sine die Philip L is the only member in
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00707-00166282-00166351 attendance
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00708-00166352-00166623 March 4th first session of the first
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00709-00166624-00166853 United States Congress begins at Federal
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00710-00166854-00167153 Hall April 30th George Washington
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00711-00167154-00167336 inaugurated as first President of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00712-00167337-00167694 United States July 23rd Charles Thompson
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00713-00167695-00167907 transmits to President Washington his
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00714-00167908-00168116 resignation of the office of Secretary
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00715-00168117-00168459 of Congress July 25th in accordance with
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00716-00168460-00168677 President Washington's directions the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00717-00168678-00168906 books records and papers of the late
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00718-00168907-00169161 Congress the great seal of the Federal
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00719-00169162-00169485 Union and the seal of the Admiralty are
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00720-00169486-00169719 delivered over to Roger Alden Deputy
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00721-00169720-00169916 Secretary of the new Congress who had
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+bmZtlQPMKF0-00723-00170083-00170572 as custodian for the time being
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00724-00170573-00171142 topic C also
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00725-00171143-00171511 Albany Congress list of delegates to the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00726-00171512-00171657 Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00727-00171658-00172027 Wanda Morales colonial government in the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00728-00172028-00172318 thirteen colonies William Wright Abbott
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00729-00172319-00172495 leading scholar and authority on
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00730-00172496-00172955 Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00731-00172956-00173463 topic references
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00732-00173464-00173982 topic further reading
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00733-00173983-00174399 Burnett Edward Cody 1941 the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00734-00174400-00174776 Congress New York Norden Fremont Barnes
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00735-00174777-00175151 Gregory and Richard a Ryerson EDS the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00736-00175152-00175291 encyclopedia of the American
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00737-00175292-00175587 Revolutionary War a political social and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00738-00175588-00175971 military history five-volume 2006 1000
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00739-00175972-00176250 entries by 150 experts covering all
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00740-00176251-00176784 topics Henderson H James 1974 party
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00741-00176785-00177045 politics in the Continental Congress New
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00742-00177046-00177632 York mcgraw-hill ISBN o o 702 8 143 to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00743-00177633-00177924 Horgan lucila forged in war the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00744-00177925-00178119 Continental Congress and the origin of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00745-00178120-00178351 military supply and acquisition policy
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00746-00178352-00178865 2002 Grossman mark encyclopedia of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00747-00178866-00179164 Continental Congress two volumes 2015
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00748-00179165-00179475 urban Benjamin H clothed in robes of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00749-00179476-00179690 sovereignty the Continental Congress and
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00750-00179691-00179813 the people out of doors
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00751-00179814-00180215 Oxford University Press 2011 378 pages
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00752-00180216-00180440 analyzes the ritual and material culture
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00753-00180441-00180641 used by the Continental Congress to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00754-00180642-00180849 assert its legitimacy and rally a weary
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00755-00180850-00181206 public Jensen Merrill the Articles of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00756-00181207-00181427 Confederation an interpretation of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00757-00181428-00181625 social constitutional history of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00758-00181626-00182121 American Revolution 1774 to 1781 1959
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00759-00182122-00182465 excerpt and text search Jillson Calvin
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00760-00182466-00182700 and Wilson Rick congressional dynamics
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00761-00182701-00182951 structure coordination and choice in the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00762-00182952-00183326 first American Congress 1774 to 1789
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00763-00183327-00183791 Stanford University Press 1994 Olson
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00764-00183792-00183977 Neal pursuing happiness the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00765-00183978-00184131 organizational culture of the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00766-00184132-00184311 Continental Congress non agram
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00767-00184312-00184928 publications 2013 recove jack n 1979 the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00768-00184929-00185114 beginnings of national politics an
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00769-00185115-00185315 interpretive history of the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00770-00185316-00185750 Congress new york knopf ISBN Oh 801
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00771-00185751-00186038 eight two eight six four three
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00772-00186039-00186431 resh john p ed americans at war society
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00773-00186432-00186725 culture and the homefront vol 1 2005
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00774-00186726-00187188 articles by scholars
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00775-00187189-00187562 topic primary sources
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00776-00187563-00187722 you
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00777-00187723-00188078 Smith Paul H ed letters of delegates to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00778-00188079-00188554 Congress 1774 to 1789 26 volumes
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00779-00188555-00188943 Washington Library of Congress 1976 to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00780-00188944-00189389 1998
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00781-00189390-00189889 topic external links
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00782-00189890-00190108 journals of the Continental Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00783-00190109-00190596 September 5th 1774 to March 2nd 1789
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00784-00190597-00191239 1904 to 1936 volumes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00785-00191240-00192031 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00786-00192032-00192908 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Library
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00787-00192909-00193106 of Congress journals of the Continental
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00788-00193107-00193579 Congress 1774 to 1789 Library of
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00789-00193580-00193769 Congress letters of delegates to
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00790-00193770-00194254 Congress 1774 to 1789 documents from the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00791-00194255-00194398 Continental Congress and the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00792-00194399-00194572 Constitutional Convention from the
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00793-00194573-00194761 collections at the Library of Congress
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00794-00194762-00195058 the 14 presidents of Congress before
+bmZtlQPMKF0-00795-00195059-00195262 George Washington the Treaty of Paris
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+c2vGXbo9XuU-00055-00013869-00014162 climate change and food environment and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00056-00014163-00014455 health inclusive economies including
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00057-00014456-00014678 employment and growth governance and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00058-00014679-00014872 justice the think-tank initiative and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00059-00014873-00015197 maternal and child health technology and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00060-00015197-00015403 innovation including foundations for
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00061-00015404-00015769 innovation and networked economies IDRC
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00062-00015770-00015962 research contributes to Government of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00063-00015963-00016163 Canada foreign policy a number of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00064-00016163-00016325 development priorities and the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00065-00016326-00016580 sustainable development goals this
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00066-00016581-00016802 includes participation in the Canadian
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00067-00016803-00017005 International Food Security Research
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00068-00017006-00017206 Fund and the innovating for maternal and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00069-00017207-00017512 newborn child health in Africa program
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00070-00017513-00017813 IDRC builds on decades of work on gender
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00071-00017814-00018017 issues international relations and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00072-00018018-00018164 global governance and the role of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00073-00018165-00018331 information and communication
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00074-00018332-00018553 technologies in development it
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00075-00018554-00018730 integrates these dimensions into all
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00076-00018731-00019084 research themes IDRC invests in
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00077-00019085-00019283 knowledge and innovation for large scale
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00078-00019284-00019555 positive change the center supports
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00079-00019556-00019744 innovators across the developing world
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00080-00019745-00019943 to test new ideas and adapt existing
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00081-00019944-00020171 knowledge and technology to transform
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00082-00020172-00020540 the lives of the poor for example new
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00083-00020541-00020728 research launched in Venezuela and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00084-00020729-00020921 Colombia is scaling up successful
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00085-00020922-00021092 interventions to tackle the Aedes
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00086-00021093-00021331 aegypti mosquito a vector that transmits
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00087-00021332-00021569 Zika and many other viral diseases such
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00088-00021570-00021899 as dengue and chikungunya harrass map a
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00089-00021900-00022087 non-profit network that created
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00090-00022088-00022322 crowdsourcing tools and social campaigns
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00091-00022323-00022534 to confront sexual harassment helped
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00092-00022535-00022780 Cairo University adopt an anti sexual
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00093-00022781-00023053 harassment policy a first for a public
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00094-00023054-00023342 university in the Middle East by testing
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00095-00023343-00023619 and promoting harassment free safe areas
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00096-00023620-00023918 harass map has helped shift social norms
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00097-00023919-00024115 so that bystanders confront and report
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00098-00024116-00024509 abuse job quality security and safety
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00099-00024510-00024683 haven't kept pace with booming Asian
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00100-00024684-00025019 economies IDRC is supporting Asian
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00101-00025020-00025223 research institutions to identify the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00102-00025224-00025373 elements that will create positive
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00103-00025374-00025598 conditions for inclusive growth with a
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00104-00025599-00025754 focus on enhancing training
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00105-00025755-00025916 opportunities for women and youth
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00106-00025917-00026105 identifying the right frameworks to
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00107-00026106-00026270 protect workers and improve their
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00108-00026270-00026456 working conditions and pinpointing the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00109-00026457-00026827 factors of small business success I DRC
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00110-00026829-00026999 is building the leaders of today and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00111-00027000-00027191 tomorrow by equipping research policy
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00112-00027192-00027398 and business innovators with the tools
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00113-00027399-00027563 and support they need to address the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00114-00027564-00027767 world's most pressing development issues
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00115-00027768-00028049 the center's investments nurture leaders
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00116-00028050-00028244 who are finding lasting solutions to
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00117-00028245-00028502 climate change disease inequality food
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00118-00028502-00028922 insecurity and poverty for example the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00119-00028923-00029132 African Institutes for mathematical
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00120-00029133-00029354 sciences next Einstein initiative aims
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00121-00029355-00029594 nei is building a critical mass of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00122-00029595-00029789 scientific and technical talent in
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00123-00029789-00029969 Africa that will be capable of driving
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00124-00029970-00030373 progress across the continent since 2003
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00125-00030374-00030674 973 students from 42 countries have
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00126-00030675-00030926 graduated from the Institute one-third
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00127-00030927-00031208 of them women Haiti's 2010 earthquake
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00128-00031208-00031562 was catastrophic an estimated 230,000
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00129-00031563-00031766 people were killed and another 3 million
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00130-00031767-00031997 displaced with many academics and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00131-00031998-00032318 students among them now less than 10% of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00132-00032319-00032507 the country's professors have a master's
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00133-00032508-00032717 degree and even fewer hold phd's
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00134-00032718-00032882 academics from Canada
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00135-00032883-00033125 Haiti the US and France established the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00136-00033126-00033365 Institute des Sciences des technologies
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00137-00033366-00033659 at des etudes Aven says-- de Haiti ist
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00138-00033660-00033926 EAH to nurture future university leaders
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00139-00033927-00034169 in science and technology their
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00140-00034170-00034421 long-term goal is to Train 1,000 science
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00141-00034422-00034604 and technology professionals who will
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00142-00034605-00035289 help the country recover and rebuild
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00143-00035290-00035815 topic governance
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00144-00035816-00036098 i DRC's work is guided by a Board of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00145-00036099-00036358 Governors composed of up to 14 governors
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00146-00036359-00036715 the IDRC Act specifies that the majority
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00147-00036716-00036877 of board members including the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00148-00036878-00037102 chairperson and vice chairperson must be
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00149-00037103-00037361 Canadian the balance of members may be
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00150-00037362-00037627 appointed from other countries the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00151-00037628-00037817 chairperson of the board reports to
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00152-00037818-00037945 Parliament through the minister of
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00153-00037946-00038126 international development and La
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00154-00038127-00038302 Francophonie board members are appointed
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00155-00038303-00038536 by Canada's governor in Council for
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00156-00038537-00038708 terms of up to four years and may be
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00157-00038709-00039001 appointed for a further term Margaret
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00158-00039002-00039179 Biggs who served as president of the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00159-00039180-00039314 Canadian International Development
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00160-00039315-00039755 Agency CIDA from 2008 to 2013 is
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00161-00039756-00040142 chairperson IDRC president jean label
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00162-00040143-00040349 manages the center's operations with the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00163-00040350-00040483 support of the senior management
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00164-00040484-00040832 committee previous IDRC presidents were
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00165-00040833-00041143 David and Malone 2008 to 2013
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00166-00041144-00041480 Maureen O'Neill 1997 to 2008 Keith
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00167-00041481-00041786 Benson 1991 to 1997
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00168-00041787-00042214 Ivan head 1978 to 1991 and David Hopper
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00169-00042215-00042705 1970 to 1978 keyboard responsibilities
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00170-00042706-00043073 the IDRC boards key responsibilities are
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00171-00043074-00043361 to establish the centre strategic
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00172-00043362-00043621 direction review and approve the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00173-00043622-00043843 centre's corporate priorities budget and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00174-00043844-00044167 financial statements assess and ensure
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00175-00044168-00044338 that systems are in place to manage
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00176-00044339-00044515 risks associated with the centre's
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00177-00044516-00044798 business ensure the integrity of the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00178-00044799-00044989 center's internal control and management
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00179-00044990-00045313 information systems monitor corporate
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00180-00045314-00045561 performance against strategic plans
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00181-00045562-00045824 monitor the performance and succession
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00182-00045825-00045976 planning of the president and chief
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00183-00045977-00046298 executive officer and assess its own
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00184-00046299-00046457 performance in fulfilling board
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00185-00046458-00047060 responsibilities
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00186-00047061-00047602 topic operations
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00187-00047603-00047885 i DRC's head office is located in
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00188-00047886-00048120 Canada's national capital Ottawa Ontario
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00189-00048121-00048418 in addition there are four regional
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00190-00048419-00048715 offices located in Kenya Egypt India and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00191-00048716-00048954 Uruguay the Nairobi office opened in
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00192-00048955-00049252 1975 and serves the sub-saharan Africa
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00193-00049253-00049532 region the Cairo office serves the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00194-00049533-00049714 Middle East in North Africa and was
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00195-00049715-00050086 opened in 1975 the New Delhi office
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00196-00050087-00050435 opened in 1983 and serves Asia the
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00197-00050436-00050717 Montevideo office opened in 1989 and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00198-00050718-00050929 serves Latin America and the Caribbean
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00199-00050930-00051250 before that I DRC's regional office was
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00200-00051251-00051463 in Bogota Colombia it was in operation
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00201-00051464-00052087 from 1973 to 1989 topic partnerships in
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00202-00052088-00052204 addition to its parliamentary
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00203-00052205-00052480 appropriation I DRC receives funding
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00204-00052481-00052630 from a number of domestic and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00205-00052631-00052865 international donors government
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00206-00052866-00053113 partnerships exist between IDRC and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00207-00053114-00053297 Global Affairs Canada and the UK
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00208-00053298-00053455 Department for International Development
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00209-00053456-00053830 for example I DRC also receives
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00210-00053831-00054041 contributions from a number of private
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00211-00054041-00054200 donors including the Bill and Melinda
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00212-00054201-00054404 Gates Foundation and the William and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00213-00054404-00054679 Flora Hewlett Foundation among others I
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00214-00054679-00054943 DRC partners strategically with other
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00215-00054944-00055129 funders in Canada and around the world
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00216-00055130-00055369 to leverage and multiply the financial
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00217-00055370-00055567 resources available to tackle pressing
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00218-00055569-00055891 issues a number of IDRC projects are
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00219-00055892-00056062 carried out in partnership or with
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00220-00056063-00056212 researchers at universities and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00221-00056213-00056521 institutions across Canada for example
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00222-00056522-00056800 IDRC leads a consortium of Canadian
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00223-00056801-00056996 agencies including the public health
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00224-00056997-00057244 agency of Canada the Canadian Institutes
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00225-00057245-00057503 of Health Research cihr and Global
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00226-00057504-00057718 Affairs Canada that has committed seven
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00227-00057719-00057884 million dollars over three years to
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00228-00057885-00058054 support clinical trials of an
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00229-00058055-00058379 experimental Canadian Ebola vaccine open
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00230-00058379-00058724 data for development OD 4d is an IDRC
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00231-00058725-00058934 administered program that advances
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00232-00058935-00059165 locally driven and sustainable Open Data
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00233-00059166-00059354 initiatives vast volumes of information
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00234-00059354-00059603 that can be freely used reused and
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00235-00059604-00059834 redistributed by anyone in developing
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00236-00059835-00060067 countries with nearly ten million
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00237-00060069-00060337 dollars in funding from I DRC the World
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00238-00060338-00060587 Bank Global Affairs Canada and the UK's
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00239-00060588-00060793 Department for International Development
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00240-00060794-00060974 to feed OD 4d is
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00241-00060975-00061187 unlocking open data to promote social
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00242-00061188-00061305 and economic change
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00243-00061307-00061553 open data enhances government
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00244-00061554-00061796 transparency and accountability Foster's
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00245-00061797-00062000 greater civic engagement and can promote
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00246-00062001-00062261 economic efficiency resulting in better
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00247-00062262-00062516 services policies and opportunities for
+c2vGXbo9XuU-00248-00062516-00062825 people in developing countries
+c43Lcewk8xc-00000-00000024-00000407 one two three four
+c43Lcewk8xc-00001-00000408-00000630 two white horses two white horses side
+c43Lcewk8xc-00002-00000631-00000854 by side
+c43Lcewk8xc-00003-00000855-00001103 two wine horses two white horses side by
+c43Lcewk8xc-00004-00001104-00001287 side
+c43Lcewk8xc-00005-00001288-00001543 two white horses two wide horses side by
+c43Lcewk8xc-00006-00001544-00001679 side
+c43Lcewk8xc-00007-00001680-00002126 nobody can ride but sanctified
+c43Lcewk8xc-00008-00002127-00002334 danny was a man daniel was a man in the
+c43Lcewk8xc-00009-00002335-00002575 lion's den
+c43Lcewk8xc-00010-00002576-00002783 danny was a man daniel was a man in the
+c43Lcewk8xc-00011-00002784-00003023 lion's den
+c43Lcewk8xc-00012-00003024-00003231 danny was a man daniel was a man in the
+c43Lcewk8xc-00013-00003232-00003399 lion's den
+c43Lcewk8xc-00014-00003400-00003679 and the good lord proved to be daniel's
+c43Lcewk8xc-00015-00003679-00003863 friend
+c43Lcewk8xc-00016-00003864-00004079 ezekiel was man zika was man and he
+c43Lcewk8xc-00017-00004079-00004319 wrestled with sin
+c43Lcewk8xc-00018-00004320-00004519 zika was a man zika was a man and he
+c43Lcewk8xc-00019-00004520-00004767 wrestled with sin
+c43Lcewk8xc-00020-00004768-00004959 zika was a man seeker was the man then
+c43Lcewk8xc-00021-00004960-00005159 he wrestled with sin
+c43Lcewk8xc-00022-00005160-00005976 heaven skate open and he rolled right in
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00000-00000000-00000214 hey everyone aaron here i'd really
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00001-00000215-00000375 appreciate it if you guys dropped a like
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00002-00000376-00000519 and a comment on this video and of
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00003-00000520-00001174 course subscribe to my channel for more
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00004-00001175-00001327 just like every other human being in the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00005-00001328-00001478 morning i love to start my morning off
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00006-00001479-00001687 with some coffee i take a shower
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00007-00001688-00001975 and then i take a sip of that perfect
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00008-00001976-00002087 delicious
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00009-00002088-00003144 morning coffee
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00010-00003145-00004283 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00011-00004284-00004435 this
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00012-00004436-00005683 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00013-00005684-00006170 oh
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00014-00006171-00006695 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00015-00006695-00007006 three-quarter cup of oatmeal half of
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00016-00007008-00007078 that water
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00017-00007079-00007270 and the other half about yogurt and i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00018-00007272-00007470 throw in a handful of granola
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00019-00007472-00007623 and i just mix it up throw it in the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00020-00007623-00007863 fridge for later
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00021-00007864-00008014 i actually wanted to highlight this
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00022-00008015-00008295 question because
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00023-00008296-00008599 i didn't actually exactly
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00024-00008600-00008951 know well oh my finger i didn't actually
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00025-00008952-00009151 know the answer
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00026-00009152-00009406 but something in the back of my brain
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00027-00009407-00009591 was telling me
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00028-00009592-00010078 lung alk and that was a crackdown
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00029-00010079-00010406 like i think that's why anki is
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00030-00010407-00010599 ridiculous because i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00031-00010600-00010903 i couldn't pull it out like consciously
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00032-00010904-00011071 but subconsciously something was telling
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00033-00011072-00011246 me it's alk
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00034-00011247-00011495 and i didn't i didn't actually know the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00035-00011496-00011606 answer
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00036-00011607-00012078 um but i got it right so
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00037-00012079-00012206 i don't know what more you guys want
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00038-00012207-00013071 honky works
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00039-00013072-00013286 so usually i try to aim for over sixty
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00040-00013287-00013494 percent on these moss questions i do
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00041-00013495-00013703 feel they are a lot tougher than when i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00042-00013704-00013958 was doing the you world ones
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00043-00013959-00014294 56 hits okay uh not the best
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00044-00014295-00014638 of days you know my
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00045-00014640-00014958 lowest score has been a 49 and my
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00046-00014959-00015191 highest have been 71.
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00047-00015191-00015422 uh take these numbers with a grain of
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00048-00015423-00015535 salt
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00049-00015536-00015743 also if you see other students sometimes
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00050-00015744-00015838 you could
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00051-00015840-00015983 if you just reset the question and
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00052-00015984-00016094 answer it correctly and it's going to
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00053-00016095-00016215 show correct
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00054-00016216-00016430 and i don't do that so i'm being 100
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00055-00016431-00016583 real with you guys on my scores right
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00056-00016584-00016735 now
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00057-00016736-00016950 oh it's a little bit frustrating when i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00058-00016951-00017079 don't hit that 60
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00059-00017080-00017230 goal i was really close today yesterday
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00060-00017231-00017422 i did pretty bad too 53
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00061-00017423-00017783 so i'm gonna go eat
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00062-00017784-00017991 that oatmeal with blueberries i'm gonna
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00063-00017992-00018191 add blueberries and
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00064-00018192-00018519 honey and then start eating it maybe on
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00065-00018520-00018711 a review i'm going to take a break
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00066-00018712-00018919 um it's currently 9 a.m so i'm gonna
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00067-00018920-00019111 take about 30 an hour break
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00068-00019112-00019422 and come back to it start another block
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00069-00019423-00019575 of 100 questions
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00070-00019576-00020205 it's just what we're doing right now
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00071-00020206-00020671 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00072-00020672-00020830 my mom called me so i just spent the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00073-00020831-00021047 last 45 minutes talking to her
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00074-00021048-00021199 i haven't spoken to her in a little bit
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00075-00021200-00021422 so it was really good call your mom guys
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00076-00021423-00021511 call your dad
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00077-00021512-00021686 call your family let them know you're
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00078-00021687-00021919 all right
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00079-00021920-00022078 all right so now i'm making some food i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00080-00022079-00022239 wasn't entirely sure what to do but
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00081-00022240-00022503 i'm making this like uh verucini chicken
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00082-00022504-00022575 stuff
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00083-00022576-00022686 from the freezer i'm gonna make a
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00084-00022687-00022871 sandwich so usually i like make
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00085-00022872-00023055 sandwiches or something else but this
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00086-00023056-00023247 you know you just stick it in the oven
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00087-00023248-00023391 um
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00088-00023392-00023719 and call it good so
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00089-00023720-00023847 well that cooks i'm gonna just more
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00090-00023848-00024119 practice questions it is around one
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00091-00024120-00024247 o'clock
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00092-00024248-00024542 uh i'm gonna make this later for dinner
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00093-00024543-00024783 because tomorrow's friday and it's lent
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00094-00024784-00025055 and we can't eat meat on friday so i'm
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00095-00025056-00025283 gonna have a good little sticky steak
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00096-00025284-00025567 tonight i have
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00097-00025568-00025870 rewarmed this three re-warmed reheated
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00098-00025872-00026046 this coffee like three or four times
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00099-00026047-00026174 and it doesn't taste very good anymore
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00100-00026175-00026383 because i've reheated it but i'm
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00101-00026383-00026527 i guess i'm just addicted and i'm just
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00102-00026527-00026793 gonna drink it so let's keep studying
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00103-00026794-00027207 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00104-00027208-00027367 doing all right i feel okay today not
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00105-00027368-00027607 too bad my beard hair is a little
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00106-00027608-00027751 hanging off there a little bit to the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00107-00027752-00027839 left to right
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00108-00027839-00028231 it's all right
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00109-00028232-00028583 we did another great day guys 66 that is
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00110-00028583-00028758 really good i think that's either my
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00111-00028760-00029007 second highest ever or whatever
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00112-00029008-00029374 uh epidemiology is still kicking my butt
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00113-00029375-00029935 and principles of medical law and ethic
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00114-00029936-00030255 ah not too bad it's 4 p.m guys
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00115-00030256-00030574 uh i have gotten through about 177
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00116-00030575-00030839 questions today which is actually a lot
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00117-00030839-00031046 um yesterday i didn't get i got through
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00118-00031047-00031190 about a hundred
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00119-00031191-00031535 i'm kind of aiming for 100 to 150.
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00120-00031536-00031862 yesterday i fell behind uh around 25-ish
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00121-00031863-00032031 or whatever so that's why i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00122-00032032-00032311 decided to finish um but that's pretty
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00123-00032312-00032455 much my day
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00124-00032456-00032743 now i'm gonna go ahead and go back
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00125-00032744-00032807 through
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00126-00032808-00033055 the ones i did this like yesterday and
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00127-00033056-00033174 this morning
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00128-00033175-00033455 and the ones i just finished uh i'm
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00129-00033456-00033583 gonna review all my
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00130-00033584-00034039 incorrects and like i already kind of
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00131-00034040-00034239 uh saw why i got them wrong but i'm
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00132-00034240-00034518 gonna do another pass
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00133-00034519-00034839 and that's pretty much it so let's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00134-00034840-00035015 get started on that serena's on her way
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00135-00035016-00035143 home
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00136-00035144-00035374 so she should be here soon that's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00137-00035375-00035583 another reason i get up early guys so i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00138-00035584-00035774 get up so early so that i have time to
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00139-00035775-00035918 spend with her
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00140-00035919-00036159 in the afternoons and to get a nice
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00141-00036160-00036351 little break off my mind
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00142-00036352-00036479 you know so i can chill a little bit in
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00143-00036480-00036711 the afternoon and then once we've hung
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00144-00036712-00036887 out or whatever then i can go back to
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00145-00036888-00037039 reviewing the afternoon
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00146-00037040-00037335 or at night doing some on cars something
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00147-00037336-00037471 not as
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00148-00037472-00037630 intensive i guess as being practice
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00149-00037631-00037815 questions so
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00150-00037816-00038062 i'm gonna check out this daily analysis
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00151-00038063-00038199 and
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00152-00038200-00038655 uh just keep going
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00153-00038656-00038999 so 66 so this is today week
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00154-00039000-00039423 two i got around 66 correct
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00155-00039424-00039743 i take holy cow look at this guys oh
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00156-00039744-00039902 that's total time spent oh okay here it
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00157-00039903-00040095 is this is what i was looking for 54
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00158-00040096-00040390 seconds per question we have a minute
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00159-00040391-00040502 and 30 to do
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00160-00040503-00040958 so that's pretty good um i think
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00161-00040959-00041311 oh this is doing only today's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00162-00041312-00041518 it's not taking into account every
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00163-00041519-00041600 single
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00164-00041601-00041767 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00165-00041768-00042062 um i'm not taking it into account every
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00166-00042063-00042207 like the whole week i kind of wanted it
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00167-00042208-00042343 to take into account the whole week
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00168-00042344-00042655 this is my best day uh 71 it look it's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00169-00042656-00042758 interesting that
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00170-00042759-00043087 when i get a lot on correct my time is
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00171-00043088-00043143 actually
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00172-00043144-00043302 really short on them so that's because i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00173-00043303-00043471 know the material and boom
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00174-00043472-00043743 it just comes to me and then on days
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00175-00043744-00043983 where i just have such a bad time look
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00176-00043984-00044207 like this in 49 this is my worst
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00177-00044208-00044367 almost a minute which i mean it's not
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00178-00044368-00044629 bad but it could be better
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00179-00044630-00044751 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00180-00044752-00046655 all right see you personally
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00181-00046656-00046886 reviewing my worst set of practice
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00182-00046887-00047055 questions on emboss it says from the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00183-00047056-00047215 14th but i probably did this like two or
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00184-00047216-00047343 three days ago
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00185-00047344-00047558 a cool thing is that get a question
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00186-00047559-00047702 wrong in your reviewing
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00187-00047703-00047862 i'll show you on this one so i got this
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00188-00047863-00048030 one wrong and it gives you the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00189-00048031-00048167 opportunity
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00190-00048168-00048423 to click on like read it again and then
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00191-00048424-00048615 try to answer
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00192-00048616-00048735 and see if you got it right the second
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00193-00048736-00048943 time so neat little thing
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00194-00048944-00049118 i like to disable the show stats thing
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00195-00049119-00049343 so i don't feel like crap
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00196-00049344-00049535 and then i put this away and that's how
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00197-00049536-00049718 i do it
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00198-00049719-00049879 just previewing into certain contract
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00199-00049880-00050055 she took off her
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00200-00050056-00050374 to go season family while i study some
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00201-00050375-00050483 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00202-00050484-00050783 more this is my life
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00203-00050784-00051086 somewhere i wanted to show you guys so
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00204-00051087-00051335 this is how many questions i've done 60
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00205-00051336-00051566 correct whatever
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00206-00051567-00051766 uh one minute which is good this is how
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00207-00051767-00051950 long i've already spent on here
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00208-00051951-00052175 20 hours i think i don't know if that's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00209-00052176-00052294 answering questions or how that's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00210-00052295-00052423 calculated
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00211-00052424-00052638 tell me how i compare it to some of my
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00212-00052639-00052799 peers apparently
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00213-00052800-00052966 and then down below this is what's so
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00214-00052967-00053135 useful so it tells me that i'm bad in
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00215-00053136-00053207 some bad
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00216-00053208-00053519 at ethics epidemiology which i knew
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00217-00053520-00053671 this is kind of sad because i should
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00218-00053672-00053847 know more about this and i didn't so i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00219-00053848-00053903 should
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00220-00053904-00054094 review that because it's pretty high
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00221-00054095-00054294 yield and then you do it
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00222-00054295-00054550 this one and then it just goes down the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00223-00054551-00054694 line on
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00224-00054695-00054887 what it recommends you review based on
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00225-00054888-00055135 how bad you did on those topics
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00226-00055136-00055471 so really useful the epidemiology 100
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00227-00055472-00055830 agree with uh the ethics sure diabetes i
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00228-00055832-00056103 think i need to just refresh my brain
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00229-00056104-00056359 i should know that stuff but you know
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00230-00056360-00056447 not good
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00231-00056448-00056663 oh the cardio so i got a question
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00232-00056664-00056838 incorrect earlier that i really should
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00233-00056839-00056911 have known
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00234-00056912-00057119 um it was just like a basic cardio
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00235-00057120-00057215 anatomy question
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00236-00057216-00057482 so i need to review some cardio
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00237-00057483-00057759 unfortunately
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00238-00057760-00057903 so that's kind of how it's going right
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00239-00057904-00058111 now uh today was a really good day
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00240-00058112-00058294 you know my mood is really upbeat i'm
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00241-00058295-00058415 really happy
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00242-00058416-00058575 uh the other day when i was doing
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00243-00058576-00058750 terrible i was just
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00244-00058751-00058903 kind of angry all day you know you just
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00245-00058904-00059063 kind of get mad and upset and becomes
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00246-00059064-00059135 this like
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00247-00059136-00059407 awful circle so it's good to just wake
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00248-00059408-00059591 up in the morning and just
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00249-00059591-00060405 you know start with a fresh mind
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00250-00060407-00061663 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00251-00061664-00061926 stop marinating it or cutting it like
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00252-00061927-00062471 this and then marinating it
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00253-00062472-00062615 that's pretty much it everybody i hope
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00254-00062616-00062791 you guys enjoy this vlog
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00255-00062791-00063111 it's currently 9 15 p.m
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00256-00063112-00063319 about to go to sleep so i'm gonna do the
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00257-00063320-00063487 dishes real quick
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00258-00063488-00063671 get back in bed get ready to do it
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00259-00063672-00063863 tomorrow morning again
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00260-00063864-00064058 um in the morning
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00261-00064059-00064254 [Music]
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00262-00064255-00064447 i'm gonna make some pancakes on a wall
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00263-00064448-00064599 homemakers are going to got me so that's
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00264-00064600-00064719 pretty much what we're up to lately if
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00265-00064720-00064854 you guys like this video leave a like
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00266-00064855-00064975 and comment so
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00267-00064976-00065230 i know to make more like this today was
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00268-00065232-00065342 pretty fun to film
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00269-00065344-00065703 um you know it's a lot of fun right now
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00270-00065704-00066047 uh it'll be over soon enough please send
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00271-00066048-00066150 me good vibes
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00272-00066151-00066391 and i'll talk more about the experience
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00273-00066392-00066559 when i'm actually done with steph
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00274-00066560-00066791 and my recommendations what i think
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00275-00066792-00066911 about anki
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00276-00066912-00067199 u-world amboss and all that other great
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00277-00067200-00067335 youtube content i can make for you guys
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00278-00067336-00067455 in the future
+c5IbF0KOIaI-00279-00067456-00067960 i'll see you guys later bye
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00000-00000000-00000142 what is good all my dudes out there it's
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00001-00000143-00000303 your boy roxal and
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00002-00000304-00000511 welcome to making christmas cookies with
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00003-00000512-00000719 my mom
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00004-00000720-00000927 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00005-00000927-00001166 okay so those are for a different recipe
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00006-00001167-00001295 but basically what we're going to be
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00007-00001296-00001343 doing
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00008-00001344-00001487 is we're going to make some sugar
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00009-00001488-00001663 cookies and we're gonna decorate them
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00010-00001664-00001775 because you know
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00011-00001776-00002014 christmas so we're about to make the
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00012-00002016-00002199 cookie dough right now we got a recipe
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00013-00002200-00002255 right here
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00014-00002256-00002599 i will put a pdf or just if i can i
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00015-00002600-00002679 don't know
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00016-00002680-00002847 i'll put the recipe in the description
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00017-00002848-00002999 for anyone who actually wants to make
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00018-00003000-00003367 it or i could just there it is on the
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00019-00003368-00003406 screen
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00020-00003407-00003663 follow that follow that so we start off
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00021-00003664-00003790 with some butter
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00022-00003792-00004063 pretty simple normal cookie stuff you
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00023-00004064-00004119 know
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00024-00004120-00004431 so we got a thing of butter right here
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00025-00004432-00004622 we got ourselves these butter balls with
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00026-00004623-00004822 sugar on them i promise i won't eat too
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00027-00004823-00004902 many
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00028-00004903-00005063 with the vanilla you need half a
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00029-00005064-00005215 teaspoon
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00030-00005216-00005683 um then a quarter teaspoon of vomit
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00031-00005684-00006478 extract
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00032-00006479-00006863 oh yeah you need just one egg
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00033-00006864-00007103 then we need two cups of flour half
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00034-00007104-00007270 teaspoon of baking soda and half a
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00035-00007272-00007406 teaspoon of spring
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00036-00007408-00007623 she's right next to me the camera's over
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00037-00007623-00007774 there
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00038-00007775-00008063 and i'm speaking over this two cuts yeah
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00039-00008064-00008120 two cups
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00040-00008122-00008535 [Applause]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00041-00008536-00008719 it says half a teaspoon of baking soda
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00042-00008720-00008983 and a half teaspoon of cream
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00043-00008984-00009455 whatever that is tartar
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00044-00009456-00009631 after seeing this it kind of looks like
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00045-00009632-00009878 we should have doubled the recipe
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00046-00009879-00010159 i'll probably be able to make like a
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00047-00010160-00010287 couple
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00048-00010288-00010687 like decorated cookies i don't even know
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00049-00010688-00010903 it might not help that i enjoy eating
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00050-00010904-00011206 cookie dough
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00051-00011207-00011527 here's the cookie dough it's just plain
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00052-00011528-00011670 sugar cookies
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00053-00011671-00011831 so yeah we gotta bake these and then we
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00054-00011832-00012029 can get to decorating them
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00055-00012030-00012151 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00056-00012152-00012423 ginger molasses cookies i will put that
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00057-00012424-00012703 recipe up too
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00058-00012704-00012974 right there follow this recipe it's all
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00059-00012975-00013015 here
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00060-00013016-00013215 so all three of these yup one and a half
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00061-00013216-00013343 cups butter
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00062-00013344-00013671 okay butter
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00063-00013672-00014015 so much butter
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00064-00014016-00014415 two cups of sugar
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00065-00014416-00014751 okay let me do this because apparently
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00066-00014752-00014903 this is the right way to crack eggs
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00067-00014904-00015093 against a flat surface
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00068-00015094-00015215 [Applause]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00069-00015216-00015766 can i toss the shells in there
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00070-00015766-00016291 [Applause]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00071-00016293-00016550 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00072-00016551-00017158 it looks like mash and pumpkin right now
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00073-00017159-00017375 this is what it looks like looks kind of
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00074-00017376-00017471 gross right now
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00075-00017472-00018583 but it's going to taste real good
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00076-00018584-00018894 smells really good though all right
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00077-00018895-00019022 looks a little bit more like chocolate
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00078-00019023-00019319 now instead of like pumpkin
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00079-00019320-00020039 looks good right it looked orange before
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00080-00020040-00020527 now
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00081-00020528-00020855 just turn it onto one
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00082-00020856-00021391 and this is what it looks like
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00083-00021392-00021639 tastes really good not gonna lie i never
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00084-00021640-00021883 thought this is what was gonna be on my
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00085-00021884-00022483 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00086-00022484-00023622 channel
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00087-00023623-00023735 so we're going to be making another
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00088-00023736-00024046 track cookies or is this it
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00089-00024047-00024455 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00090-00024456-00024727 now we just got to roll them into balls
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00091-00024728-00024894 and roll them in sugar
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00092-00024895-00025286 they look good give it a squish
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00093-00025287-00025606 and that's a good looking cookie
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00094-00025607-00027229 hey ginger
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00095-00027230-00027543 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00096-00027544-00027727 now we're cutting the shapes push it
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00097-00027727-00027911 down
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00098-00027912-00028790 push it down
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00099-00028791-00029143 those are the cookies they look good
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00100-00029144-00029231 we're gonna make
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00101-00029232-00029470 two of each of these shapes and then me
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00102-00029472-00029543 and this guy
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00103-00029544-00029655 are going to have a little cookie
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00104-00029656-00029918 decorating contest he's got an icicle
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00105-00029919-00030039 he's got an icicle
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00106-00030039-00030423 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00107-00030424-00030883 it's really cold stop it
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00108-00030883-00031582 stop
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00109-00031583-00032102 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00110-00032103-00032608 man's just stuck an icicle in the fridge
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00111-00032608-00033495 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00112-00033496-00033823 no i'm recording this for my
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00113-00033824-00034183 yo yo yo yo no
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00114-00034184-00034662 bro oh heck yeah these about to be
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00115-00034663-00035231 extra crunch
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00116-00035232-00035502 are they like will you be able to
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00117-00035503-00036768 separate all these
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00118-00036769-00037574 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00119-00037575-00037783 now we're going to be making frosting to
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00120-00037784-00037911 decorate cookies with
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00121-00037912-00038111 we need lots of powdered sugar we need
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00122-00038112-00038255 butter we made milk
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00123-00038256-00038567 right
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00124-00038568-00039332 okay right
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00125-00039333-00040079 [Applause]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00126-00040080-00040399 is that a chicken bone get her away
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00127-00040400-00040727 away come here come here get over here
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00128-00040728-00041327 come here come here come here
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00129-00041328-00041495 you have shoes down here
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00130-00041496-00041646 cameraman
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00131-00041647-00042071 you throw that down you throw that on no
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00132-00042072-00042327 no dude what the down you have
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00133-00042328-00042390 shoes put
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00134-00042391-00042807 the down
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00135-00042808-00042990 okay so basically my brother scratched
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00136-00042991-00043118 me right below my eye
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00137-00043119-00043279 we scrapped for a bit then our mom
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00138-00043280-00043487 separated us he yelled more telling me
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00139-00043488-00043655 that my youtube channel would never make
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00140-00043656-00043839 it anywhere and i was wasting my time on
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00141-00043840-00043990 something that would never work out for
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00142-00043991-00044039 me
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00143-00044040-00044215 i said some stuff back to him that i
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00144-00044216-00044390 won't repeat here and we got mad at each
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00145-00044391-00044446 other
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00146-00044447-00044639 he came back downstairs and told me that
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00147-00044640-00044783 i was being an because i
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00148-00044784-00044943 wouldn't take the trash out for him or
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00149-00044944-00045055 stop recording him
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00150-00045056-00045215 he got mad when he couldn't prove me
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00151-00045216-00045383 wrong so he threw the bowl of sugar we
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00152-00045384-00045590 were using in my face then left again
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00153-00045591-00045758 i hope you enjoyed this brief glimpse
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00154-00045759-00045958 into my dysfunctional ass family
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00155-00045959-00046215 anyway back to the cookies it's all
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00156-00046216-00046439 sparkly it looks like there's no dust on
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00157-00046440-00046567 it
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00158-00046568-00046819 alright so here's my venom goop
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00159-00046820-00047311 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00160-00047312-00047502 we also got red green and white and we
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00161-00047503-00047662 got a little bit of orange we are going
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00162-00047663-00047855 to decorate these cookies
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00163-00047856-00048039 my brother just kind of dipped because
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00164-00048040-00048167 of you know what you just
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00165-00048168-00048374 saw happen but whatever are you going to
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00166-00048375-00048543 do it with me or am i doing this by
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00167-00048544-00048639 myself
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00168-00048640-00048823 because like i'll do either yeah there
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00169-00048824-00049071 are three of each
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00170-00049072-00049407 so like i'll do one there awesome
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00171-00049408-00049686 i'm also gonna want some white or
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00172-00049687-00049774 actually
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00173-00049775-00050118 let's utilize this black i'm gonna make
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00174-00050119-00050295 a black snowman
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00175-00050296-00050543 it says snowman always have to be white
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00176-00050544-00050846 don't eat black snow
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00177-00050847-00051127 or yellow snow right yes don't eat
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00178-00051128-00051294 yellow snow but i would assume black
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00179-00051295-00051342 snow
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00180-00051344-00051646 is probably just as bad it looks like i
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00181-00051647-00051694 spilled
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00182-00051695-00052054 oil all over i care if this put
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00183-00052055-00052463 some of this in a bag go ahead
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00184-00052464-00053486 honestly that might be helpful
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00185-00053487-00054142 [Music]
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00186-00054144-00054366 i'm gonna work on my other dude are you
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00187-00054367-00055063 gonna use more white
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00188-00055064-00056082 let's add some tiny details with the
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00189-00056083-00056511 black
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00190-00056512-00057007 for a little drop
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00191-00057008-00057542 drop
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00192-00057544-00057854 let's use some of this
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00193-00057855-00059015 there we go
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00194-00059016-00059175 all right so y'all are gonna tell us
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00195-00059176-00059382 which ones are best
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00196-00059383-00059759 in the comments and winner gets
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00197-00059760-00060087 bragging rights and a photoshopped image
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00198-00060088-00060206 of
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00199-00060207-00060550 best cookie decorator on uh on the next
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00200-00060551-00060615 video
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00201-00060616-00060863 i really hope you enjoyed that um i hope
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00202-00060864-00061015 you enjoyed watching it a lot more than
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00203-00061016-00061215 i enjoyed at uh recording it
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00204-00061216-00061342 thank you all so much for watching if
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00205-00061344-00061487 you like this video smash that like
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00206-00061488-00061535 button
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00207-00061536-00061694 subscribe for more content you know when
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00208-00061695-00061919 to find me merry christmas i will see
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00209-00061920-00063430 you all in the next video
+c5X2p-Bebv4-00210-00063432-00063639 you
+c97zSc5GycY-00000-00000008-00000313 so you wanna date an Aries
+c97zSc5GycY-00001-00000314-00000584 you in love with an Aries you're trying
+c97zSc5GycY-00002-00000585-00000911 to get with an Aries I'm about to share
+c97zSc5GycY-00003-00000911-00001204 everything that you need to know when
+c97zSc5GycY-00004-00001205-00001676 dating in Aries is not their Forte so if
+c97zSc5GycY-00005-00001677-00001889 you wanna dated Aries you got to be with
+c97zSc5GycY-00006-00001889-00002099 it they don't deal with all that timid
+c97zSc5GycY-00007-00002100-00002150 stuff
+c97zSc5GycY-00008-00002151-00002570 Aries are very bold and fiery hints the
+c97zSc5GycY-00009-00002571-00002972 fire sign they need adventure fun and
+c97zSc5GycY-00010-00002973-00003313 just a ton of adventurous stuff Aries
+c97zSc5GycY-00011-00003314-00003653 people can really see through boom you
+c97zSc5GycY-00012-00003654-00003836 know they can really see through all
+c97zSc5GycY-00013-00003836-00004172 that grimy stuff so you gotta be sincere
+c97zSc5GycY-00014-00004173-00004442 they're not gonna have all that fake
+c97zSc5GycY-00015-00004443-00004793 they're gonna be straight-up just 100%
+c97zSc5GycY-00016-00004794-00005069 with you so just be sincere it's better
+c97zSc5GycY-00017-00005070-00005426 to be truthful and honest let's be found
+c97zSc5GycY-00018-00005427-00005816 out okay especially by the old fiery
+c97zSc5GycY-00019-00005817-00006224 sign booth area is also neat tip okay
+c97zSc5GycY-00020-00006225-00006535 being ugly attractive looking good
+c97zSc5GycY-00021-00006536-00006748 having all the nicest clothes and all
+c97zSc5GycY-00022-00006750-00007060 the nicest shoes on stuff is really
+c97zSc5GycY-00023-00007061-00007396 great but in order to really sustain a
+c97zSc5GycY-00024-00007397-00007703 relationship with these people whether
+c97zSc5GycY-00025-00007704-00007937 it be a romantic relationship or a
+c97zSc5GycY-00026-00007938-00008183 friendship you gotta have some bit honey
+c97zSc5GycY-00027-00008184-00008424 you cannot be shallow Aryans are
+c97zSc5GycY-00028-00008425-00008730 event-driven people they like live
+c97zSc5GycY-00029-00008731-00009163 concerts basketball game that kind of
+c97zSc5GycY-00030-00009164-00009487 stuff you know stimulating stuff
+c97zSc5GycY-00031-00009488-00009826 physically stimulating and engaging with
+c97zSc5GycY-00032-00009827-00010258 that being said Aryans love to live life
+c97zSc5GycY-00033-00010259-00010537 in the moment they live life in the
+c97zSc5GycY-00034-00010538-00010789 moment they don't live for yesterday
+c97zSc5GycY-00035-00010790-00011017 they don't live for tomorrow they live
+c97zSc5GycY-00036-00011018-00011383 for right now so don't expect your
+c97zSc5GycY-00037-00011384-00011620 relationship with them to be very chill
+c97zSc5GycY-00038-00011621-00011860 all the time just kind of very casual
+c97zSc5GycY-00039-00011861-00012193 laid-back I want to stay a home type of
+c97zSc5GycY-00040-00012194-00012484 thing they're gonna go there they're
+c97zSc5GycY-00041-00012485-00012774 going kind of people so don't expect
+c97zSc5GycY-00042-00012775-00013105 anything chill Netflix and chill is not
+c97zSc5GycY-00043-00013106-00013312 the best date for these type of people
+c97zSc5GycY-00044-00013313-00013513 areas are kind of like what I like to
+c97zSc5GycY-00045-00013513-00013863 call the club hoppers of the zodiac they
+c97zSc5GycY-00046-00013865-00014293 love just going out and having a really
+c97zSc5GycY-00047-00014294-00014476 really good time there about that life
+c97zSc5GycY-00048-00014477-00014890 so be ready getting up drink some coffee
+c97zSc5GycY-00049-00014891-00015238 and do whatever it takes to get the
+c97zSc5GycY-00050-00015238-00015513 energy going right most areas are open
+c97zSc5GycY-00051-00015515-00015727 bull they don't mind sharing their
+c97zSc5GycY-00052-00015728-00015978 knowledge and advice about things I know
+c97zSc5GycY-00053-00015979-00016282 oftentimes a lot of Aryans really just
+c97zSc5GycY-00054-00016283-00016552 kind of like to share all of their life
+c97zSc5GycY-00055-00016553-00016825 experiences with people not because they
+c97zSc5GycY-00056-00016826-00016918 want to be showy
+c97zSc5GycY-00057-00016919-00017089 but just because it's just in their
+c97zSc5GycY-00058-00017090-00017266 nature it's in their character to be
+c97zSc5GycY-00059-00017267-00017464 more open and free they don't have
+c97zSc5GycY-00060-00017465-00017614 nothing to hide they're gonna be
+c97zSc5GycY-00061-00017615-00017713 straight up with you
+c97zSc5GycY-00062-00017714-00017988 from the jump they are
+c97zSc5GycY-00063-00017989-00018169 what-you-see-is-what-you-get kind
+c97zSc5GycY-00064-00018170-00018496 they have no reason to shadow anything
+c97zSc5GycY-00065-00018497-00018835 about themselves to you and please do
+c97zSc5GycY-00066-00018836-00019044 not try to control these people please
+c97zSc5GycY-00067-00019045-00019147 beware
+c97zSc5GycY-00068-00019148-00019537 Scorpios beware okay these are some
+c97zSc5GycY-00069-00019538-00019786 people that do not like being in control
+c97zSc5GycY-00070-00019787-00020146 they will go in on you okay they will go
+c97zSc5GycY-00071-00020147-00020394 in on you they do not like being told
+c97zSc5GycY-00072-00020395-00020559 what to do
+c97zSc5GycY-00073-00020560-00020854 being under anyone's control
+c97zSc5GycY-00074-00020855-00021180 they're very hot-headed so if you're one
+c97zSc5GycY-00075-00021181-00021400 of those type of dominating controlling
+c97zSc5GycY-00076-00021401-00021649 people I would definitely be thinking
+c97zSc5GycY-00077-00021650-00021868 about looking somewhere else because
+c97zSc5GycY-00078-00021869-00022021 it's not gonna work it will definitely
+c97zSc5GycY-00079-00022022-00022336 be a battle that's all I gotta say it
+c97zSc5GycY-00080-00022337-00022516 will definitely be a battle I'll be
+c97zSc5GycY-00081-00022517-00022816 going more deeper into compatibility on
+c97zSc5GycY-00082-00022817-00023053 different videos but Aryans are most
+c97zSc5GycY-00083-00023054-00023377 compatible with other fire signs that is
+c97zSc5GycY-00084-00023378-00023803 Sagittarius and Leo however of course
+c97zSc5GycY-00085-00023804-00024115 depending on a person's moon rising and
+c97zSc5GycY-00086-00024116-00024415 Venus and all the other traits that they
+c97zSc5GycY-00087-00024416-00024688 have in their sign the way they raise
+c97zSc5GycY-00088-00024689-00025069 the upbringing I also play a major role
+c97zSc5GycY-00089-00025070-00025480 in compatibility and sustainability
+c97zSc5GycY-00090-00025481-00025746 those are the things that will determine
+c97zSc5GycY-00091-00025747-00026058 the major successes of a relationship so
+c97zSc5GycY-00092-00026060-00026305 I hope you guys enjoyed this video be
+c97zSc5GycY-00093-00026306-00026548 sure to thumbs up it really helps the
+c97zSc5GycY-00094-00026549-00026758 channel out and make sure you guys come
+c97zSc5GycY-00095-00026758-00027001 in and subscribe and I will see you guys
+c97zSc5GycY-00096-00027002-00027427 on the next video and until then peace
+c97zSc5GycY-00099-00038115-00038945 [Music]
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00000-00000052-00000308 Apple Inc is an American multi-national
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00001-00000309-00000543 technology company headquartered in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00002-00000544-00000761 Cupertino California that designs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00003-00000762-00001043 develops and sells consumer electronics
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00004-00001044-00001416 computer software and online services it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00005-00001417-00001610 is considered one of the big four of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00006-00001611-00001896 technology along with Amazon Google and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00007-00001897-00002142 Facebook the company's hardware products
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00008-00002143-00002391 include the iPhone smartphone the iPad
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00009-00002392-00002604 tablet computer the Mac personal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00010-00002605-00002865 computer the iPod portable media player
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00011-00002866-00003152 the Apple watch SmartWatch the Apple TV
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00012-00003153-00003384 digital media player and the home pod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00013-00003385-00003717 smart speaker Apple software includes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00014-00003718-00004047 the Mac OS and iOS operating systems the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00015-00004047-00004290 itunes media player the Safari web
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00016-00004291-00004484 browser and the iLife and iWork
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00017-00004485-00004749 creativity and productivity suites as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00018-00004750-00004974 well as professional applications like
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00019-00004975-00005363 Final Cut Pro Logic Pro and Xcode its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00020-00005364-00005640 online services include the iTunes Store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00021-00005641-00005883 the iOS App Store and Mac App Store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00022-00005884-00006324 Apple music and iCloud Apple was founded
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00023-00006325-00006630 by Steve Jobs Steve Wozniak and Ronald
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00024-00006631-00006977 Wayne in April 1976 to develop them sell
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00025-00006978-00007289 was me X Apple I personal computer it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00026-00007290-00007541 was incorporated as Apple Computer Inc
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00027-00007542-00007908 in January 1977 and sales of its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00028-00007909-00008162 computers including the Apple 2 grew
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00029-00008163-00008484 quickly within a few years Jobs and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00030-00008485-00008720 Wozniak had hired a staff of computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00031-00008721-00008944 designers and had a production line
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00032-00008945-00009284 Apple went public in 1982 instant
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00033-00009285-00009548 financial success over the next few
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00034-00009549-00009596 years
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00035-00009597-00009819 Apple shipped new computers featuring
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00036-00009820-00010019 innovative graphical user interfaces
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00037-00010020-00010326 such as the original Macintosh in 1984
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00038-00010327-00010587 and Apple's marketing commercials for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00039-00010588-00010742 its products received widespread
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00040-00010743-00011090 critical acclaim however the high price
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00041-00011091-00011337 tag of its products and limited software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00042-00011338-00011573 titles caused problems as did power
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00043-00011574-00011783 struggles between executives at the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00044-00011784-00012176 company in 1985 Wozniak stepped away
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00045-00012177-00012413 from Apple while Jobs resigned and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00046-00012414-00012752 founded a new company next with former
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00047-00012753-00013053 Apple employees as the market for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00048-00013054-00013254 personal computers increased
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00049-00013255-00013441 Apple's computers lost share
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00050-00013443-00013675 to lower priced products particularly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00051-00013676-00013864 ones that ran the Microsoft Windows
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00052-00013865-00014203 operating system after more executive
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00053-00014204-00014650 job shuffles CEO Gil Amelio in 1997 but
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00054-00014651-00014992 next to bring jobs back jobs regained
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00055-00014993-00015214 leadership within the company and became
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00056-00015215-00015562 the new CEO shortly after he began to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00057-00015563-00015794 rebuild apples status opening Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00058-00015794-00016103 own retail stores in 2001 acquiring
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00059-00016104-00016300 numerous companies to create a portfolio
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00060-00016301-00016564 of software titles and changing some of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00061-00016565-00016871 the hardware used in its computers the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00062-00016872-00017125 company returned to profitability in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00063-00017126-00017486 January 2007 jobs renamed the company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00064-00017487-00017711 Apple Inc reflecting its shifted focus
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00065-00017712-00017933 toward consumer electronics and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00066-00017934-00018167 announced the iPhone which saw critical
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00067-00018168-00018364 acclaim and significant financial
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00068-00018365-00018761 success in August 2011 Jobs resigned as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00069-00018762-00019052 CEO due to health complications and Tim
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00070-00019053-00019414 Cook became the new CEO two months later
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00071-00019415-00019694 Jobs died marking the end of an era for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00072-00019695-00020011 the company Apple is well known for its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00073-00020012-00020303 size and revenues it's worldwide annual
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00074-00020304-00020659 revenue totaled 265 billion dollars for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00075-00020660-00020975 the 2018 fiscal year Apple as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00076-00020976-00021214 world's largest information technology
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00077-00021215-00021418 company by revenue and the world's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00078-00021419-00021655 third-largest mobile phone manufacturer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00079-00021656-00022039 after Samsung and Huawei in August 2018
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00080-00022040-00022321 Apple became the first public US company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00081-00022322-00022564 to be valued at over 1 trillion dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00082-00022565-00022936 the company employs 123 thousand
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00083-00022937-00023236 full-time employees and maintains 504
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00084-00023237-00023599 retail stores in 24 countries as of 2018
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00085-00023600-00023914 it operates the iTunes Store which is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00086-00023915-00024236 the world's largest music retailer as of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00087-00024237-00024634 January 2018 more than 1.3 billion Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00088-00024635-00024874 products are actively in use worldwide
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00089-00024875-00025171 the company also has a high level of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00090-00025172-00025364 brand loyalty and is ranked as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00091-00025365-00025667 world's most valuable brand however
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00092-00025668-00025939 Apple receive significant criticism
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00093-00025940-00026140 regarding the labor practices of its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00094-00026141-00026393 contractors its environmental practices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00095-00026394-00026557 and unethical business practices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00096-00026558-00026824 including anti-competitive behavior
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00097-00026825-00026989 as well as the origins of source
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00098-00026989-00027572 materials
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00099-00027573-00027923 topic history
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00100-00027924-00028106 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00101-00028107-00028435 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00102-00028436-00028958 topic 1976 to 1984 founding and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00103-00028958-00029394 incorporation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00104-00029395-00029645 Apple Computer company was founded on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00105-00029647-00030033 April 1st 1976 by Steve Jobs Steve
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00106-00030033-00030351 Wozniak and Ronald Wayne the company's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00107-00030352-00030627 first product was the Apple I a computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00108-00030627-00030870 single-handedly designed and hand-built
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00109-00030870-00031122 by Wozniak and first shown to the public
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00110-00031123-00031404 at the homebrew Computer Club Apple I
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00111-00031405-00031701 was sold as a motherboard with CPU RAM
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00112-00031702-00031992 and basic textual video chips which was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00113-00031993-00032160 less than what is now considered a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00114-00032161-00032460 complete personal computer the Apple I
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00115-00032461-00032835 went on sale in July 1976 and was market
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00116-00032836-00033048 priced at six hundred sixty six dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00117-00033049-00033336 and 66 cents two thousand nine hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00118-00033337-00033645 thirty-five dollars in 2018 dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00119-00033646-00033909 adjusted for inflation Apple Computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00120-00033910-00034317 Inc was incorporated on January 3rd 1977
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00121-00034318-00034548 without Wayne who left and sold his
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00122-00034549-00034758 share of the company back to Jobs and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00123-00034759-00034986 Wozniak for eight hundred dollars only a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00124-00034987-00035282 couple weeks after co-founding Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00125-00035283-00035490 multi-millionaire Mike Markkula
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00126-00035491-00035715 provided essential business expertise
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00127-00035716-00036036 and funding of $250,000 during the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00128-00036037-00036324 incorporation of Apple during the first
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00129-00036325-00036585 five years of operations revenues grew
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00130-00036586-00036816 exponentially doubling about every four
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00131-00036817-00037209 months between September 1977 and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00132-00037210-00037655 September 1980 yearly sales grew from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00133-00037656-00037992 $775,000 to 118 million dollars an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00134-00037993-00038271 average annual growth rate of 533
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00135-00038272-00038571 percent the Apple 2 also invented by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00136-00038572-00038976 Wozniak was introduced on April 16 1977
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00137-00038977-00039312 at the first West Coast computer fair it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00138-00039313-00039519 differed from its major rivals the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00139-00039520-00039825 trs-80 and Commodore pet because of its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00140-00039826-00040065 character cell based color graphics and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00141-00040066-00040368 open architecture while early Apple 2
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00142-00040369-00040617 models used ordinary cassette tapes as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00143-00040618-00040854 storage devices they were superseded by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00144-00040855-00041064 the introduction of a five and a quarter
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00145-00041065-00041301 inch floppy disk drive an interface
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00146-00041302-00041613 called the disk to the Apple 2 was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00147-00041614-00041850 chosen to be the desktop platform for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00148-00041851-00042150 the first killer app of the business
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00149-00042151-00042419 world visicalc a spreadsheet program
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00150-00042420-00042708 visicalc created a business market for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00151-00042709-00042792 the Apple 2
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00152-00042793-00043026 and gave home users an additional reason
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00153-00043027-00043278 to buy an apple to compatibility with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00154-00043279-00043605 the office before VisiCalc Apple had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00155-00043606-00043827 been a distant third place competitor to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00156-00043828-00044040 Commodore and Tandy by the end of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00157-00044041-00044337 1970s Apple had a staff of computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00158-00044338-00044612 designers in a production line the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00159-00044613-00044856 company introduced the Apple 3 in May
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00160-00044857-00045152 1980 in an attempt to compete with IBM
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00161-00045153-00045351 and Microsoft in the business and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00162-00045352-00045654 corporate computing market jobs and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00163-00045655-00045864 several Apple employees including
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00164-00045865-00046092 human-computer interface expert Jef
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00165-00046093-00046385 Raskin visited Xerox PARC in December
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00166-00046386-00046800 1979 to see the Xerox Alto Xerox granted
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00167-00046801-00047055 Apple engineers three days of access to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00168-00047056-00047274 the park facilities in return for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00169-00047275-00047621 option to buy 100,000 shares 800,000
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00170-00047622-00047840 split adjusted shares of Apple at the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00171-00047841-00048201 pre-ipo price of $10 a share Jobs was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00172-00048202-00048405 immediately convinced that all future
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00173-00048406-00048582 computers would use a graphical user
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00174-00048583-00048873 interface gray and development of AG way
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00175-00048874-00049040 began for the Apple Lisa
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00176-00049041-00049421 in 1982 however he was pushed from the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00177-00049422-00049755 Lisa team due to infighting jobs then
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00178-00049756-00050012 took over Wozniak and raskins low-cost
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00179-00050013-00050355 computer project the Macintosh a race
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00180-00050356-00050577 broke out between the Lisa team and the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00181-00050578-00050805 Macintosh team over which product would
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00182-00050806-00050890 ship first
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00183-00050891-00051294 Lisa won the race in 1983 and became the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00184-00051295-00051501 first personal computer sold to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00185-00051502-00051669 public with a gray but was a commercial
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00186-00051670-00051954 failure due to its high price tag and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00187-00051954-00052212 limited software titles on December 12
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00188-00052213-00052596 1980 Apple went public at $22 per share
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00189-00052597-00052857 generating more capital than any IPO
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00190-00052858-00053207 since Ford Motor Company in 1956 and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00191-00053208-00053944 immediately creating 300 millionaires
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00192-00053945-00054466 topic 1984 to 1991 success with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00193-00054466-00054883 Macintosh
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00194-00054884-00055261 in 1984 Apple launched the Macintosh the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00195-00055262-00055455 first personal computer to be sold
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00196-00055457-00055776 without a programming language its debut
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00197-00055777-00056224 was signified by 1984 a 1.5 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00198-00056225-00056476 dollars television commercial directed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00199-00056477-00056676 by Ridley Scott that aired during the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00200-00056677-00056911 third quarter of Super Bowl 18 On
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00201-00056912-00057361 January 22nd 1984 the commercial is now
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00202-00057362-00057576 hailed as a watershed event for Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00203-00057577-00057910 success and was called a masterpiece by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00204-00057911-00058162 CNN and one of the greatest commercials
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00205-00058163-00058441 of all time by TV Guide the Macintosh
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00206-00058441-00058699 initially sold well but follow-up sales
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00207-00058700-00058917 were not strong due to its high price
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00208-00058919-00059241 and limited range of software titles the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00209-00059242-00059442 machines fortunes changed with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00210-00059444-00059641 introduction of the laser Eider the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00211-00059641-00059845 first postscript laser printer to be
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00212-00059846-00060117 sold at a reasonable price and PageMaker
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00213-00060119-00060432 an early desktop publishing package it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00214-00060433-00060654 has been suggested that the combination
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00215-00060655-00060871 of these three products were responsible
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00216-00060872-00061041 for the creation of the desktop
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00217-00061042-00061339 publishing market the Macintosh was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00218-00061340-00061566 particularly powerful in the desktop
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00219-00061567-00061789 publishing market due to its advanced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00220-00061790-00061984 graphics capabilities which had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00221-00061985-00062205 necessarily been built in to create the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00222-00062207-00062655 intuitive Macintosh way in 1985 a power
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00223-00062657-00062932 struggle developed between jobs and CEO
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00224-00062933-00063160 John Sculley who had been hired two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00225-00063161-00063415 years earlier the Apple Board of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00226-00063416-00063707 Directors instructed Scully to contain
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00227-00063708-00063982 jobs and limit his ability to launch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00228-00063983-00064266 expensive forays into untested products
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00229-00064266-00064557 rather than submit to Scully's direction
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00230-00064558-00064765 jobs attempted to oust him from his
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00231-00064766-00065059 leadership role at Apple Scully found
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00232-00065060-00065239 out that Jobs had been attempting to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00233-00065240-00065437 organize a coup and called a board
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00234-00065438-00065607 meeting at which Apple's Board of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00235-00065608-00065827 Directors sided with Scully and removed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00236-00065828-00066169 jobs from his managerial duties Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00237-00066170-00066421 resigned from Apple and founded next Inc
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00238-00066422-00066511 the same year
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00239-00066512-00066886 Wozniak also left Apple in 1985 to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00240-00066887-00067099 pursue other ventures stating that the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00241-00067100-00067321 company had been going in the wrong
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00242-00067322-00067729 direction for the last five years after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00243-00067730-00067999 jobs and Wozniak's departure the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00244-00068000-00068272 Macintosh product line underwent a study
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00245-00068273-00068481 change of focus to higher price points
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00246-00068482-00068812 the so called high right policy named
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00247-00068813-00069004 for the position on a chart of price
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00248-00069005-00069288 versus profits jobs had argued the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00249-00069289-00069513 company should produce products aimed at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00250-00069514-00069713 the consumer market and aimed for a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00251-00069714-00070012 $1000 price for the Macintosh which they
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00252-00070013-00070330 were unable to meet newer models selling
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00253-00070331-00070528 at higher price points offered higher
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00254-00070529-00070731 profit margin and appeared to have no
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00255-00070732-00070996 effect on total sales as power users
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00256-00070997-00071181 snapped up every increase in power
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00257-00071182-00071455 although some worried about pricing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00258-00071456-00071643 themselves out of the market the high
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00259-00071644-00071881 right policy was in full force by the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00260-00071882-00072162 mid-1980s notably due to Jean Louie
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00261-00072163-00072594 gases mantra of 55 or die referring to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00262-00072595-00072841 the 55 percent profit margins of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00263-00072842-00073093 Macintosh to this policy began to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00264-00073094-00073315 backfire in the last years of the decade
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00265-00073316-00073531 as new desktop publishing programs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00266-00073532-00073800 appeared on PC clones that offered some
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00267-00073801-00073999 more much of the same functionality of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00268-00074000-00074187 the Macintosh but at far lower price
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00269-00074188-00074554 points the company lost its monopoly in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00270-00074555-00074763 this market and had already estranged
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00271-00074764-00074988 many of its original consumer customer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00272-00074989-00075180 base who could no longer afford their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00273-00075181-00075450 high priced products the Christmas
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00274-00075451-00075726 season of 1989 was the first in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00275-00075727-00075928 company's history that saw declining
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00276-00075929-00076234 sales and led to a 20% drop in Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00277-00076235-00076540 stock price gases objections were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00278-00076541-00076753 overruled and he was forced from the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00279-00076754-00076926 company in 1990
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00280-00076927-00077226 later that year Apple introduced three
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00281-00077227-00077503 lower-cost models the Macintosh classic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00282-00077504-00077875 macintosh LC and macintosh iis i all of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00283-00077876-00078105 which saw significant sales due to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00284-00078106-00078537 pent-up demand in 1991 apple introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00285-00078538-00078816 the PowerBook replacing the luggable
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00286-00078817-00079054 Macintosh portable with a design that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00287-00079055-00079269 set the current shape for almost all
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00288-00079270-00079579 modern laptops the same year Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00289-00079580-00079867 introduced system 7 a major upgrade to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00290-00079868-00080094 the operating system which added color
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00291-00080095-00080290 to the interface and introduced new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00292-00080291-00080601 networking capabilities it remained the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00293-00080602-00080832 architectural basis for the classic Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00294-00080833-00081121 OS the success of the PowerBook and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00295-00081122-00081298 other products brought increasing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00296-00081299-00081582 revenue for some time apple was doing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00297-00081583-00081655 incredibly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00298-00081656-00081913 well introducing fresh new products and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00299-00081914-00082120 generating increasing profits in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00300-00082121-00082450 process the magazine mechanic named the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00301-00082451-00082816 period between 1989 and 1991 as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00302-00082817-00083191 first golden age of the Macintosh Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00303-00083192-00083416 believed the Apple 2 Series was too
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00304-00083417-00083647 expensive to produce and took away sales
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00305-00083648-00084025 from the low-end Macintosh in the 1990s
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00306-00084026-00084282 Apple released the macintosh LC and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00307-00084283-00084505 began efforts to promote that computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00308-00084506-00084757 by advising developer technical support
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00309-00084758-00084931 staff to recommend developing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00310-00084932-00085165 applications for macintosh rather than
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00311-00085166-00085441 apple 2 and authorizing sales persons to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00312-00085442-00085696 direct consumers towards Macintosh and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00313-00085697-00085993 away from Apple 2 the Apple II was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00314-00085994-00086667 discontinued in 1993
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00315-00086668-00087194 topic 1991 to 1997 decline and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00316-00087195-00087598 restructuring
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00317-00087599-00087835 the success of Apple's lower-cost
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00318-00087836-00088159 consumer models especially the LC also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00319-00088160-00088357 led to cannibalization of their higher
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00320-00088358-00088639 priced machines to address this
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00321-00088640-00088912 management introduced several new brands
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00322-00088913-00089155 selling largely identical machines at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00323-00089156-00089317 different price points aimed at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00324-00089318-00089551 different markets these were the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00325-00089552-00089779 high-end Quadra the mid-range centrist
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00326-00089780-00090021 line and the ill-fated Performa series
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00327-00090022-00090298 this led to significant market confusion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00328-00090299-00090562 as customers did not understand the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00329-00090563-00090787 difference between models Apple also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00330-00090788-00090967 experimented with a number of other
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00331-00090968-00091231 unsuccessful consumer targeted products
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00332-00091232-00091462 during the 1990s including digital
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00333-00091463-00091735 cameras portable CD audio players
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00334-00091736-00092023 speakers video consoles the e world
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00335-00092024-00092322 online service and TV appliances
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00336-00092323-00092629 enormous resources were also invested in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00337-00092630-00092800 the problem plagued Newton division
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00338-00092801-00093031 based on John Scully's unrealistic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00339-00093032-00093388 market forecasts ultimately none of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00340-00093389-00093595 these products helped and Apple's market
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00341-00093596-00093835 share and stock prices continued to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00342-00093836-00094090 slide throughout this period Microsoft
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00343-00094091-00094285 continued to gain market share with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00344-00094286-00094495 Windows by focusing on delivering
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00345-00094496-00094717 software to cheap commodity personal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00346-00094718-00094945 computers while Apple was delivering a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00347-00094946-00095110 richly engineered but expensive
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00348-00095111-00095467 experience apple relied on high profit
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00349-00095468-00095668 margins and never developed a clear
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00350-00095669-00095965 response instead they sued Microsoft for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00351-00095966-00096169 using AG ways similar to the Apple Lisa
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00352-00096170-00096565 in Apple Computer Inc V Microsoft Corp
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00353-00096566-00096838 the lawsuit dragged on for years before
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00354-00096839-00097123 it was finally dismissed at this time a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00355-00097124-00097378 series of major product flops and missed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00356-00097379-00097636 deadlines sullied apples reputation and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00357-00097637-00097906 scully was replaced as CEO by Michael
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00358-00097907-00098308 Spindler by the early 1990s Apple was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00359-00098309-00098533 developing alternative platforms to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00360-00098534-00098926 Macintosh such as a UX the Macintosh
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00361-00098927-00099127 platform itself was becoming outdated
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00362-00099128-00099316 because it was not built for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00363-00099317-00099484 multitasking and because several
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00364-00099485-00099685 important software routines were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00365-00099686-00099979 programmed directly into the hardware in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00366-00099980-00100198 addition Apple was facing competition
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00367-00100199-00100522 from os/2 in UNIX vendors such as Sun
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00368-00100523-00100627 Microsystems
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00369-00100628-00100879 the Macintosh would need to be replaced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00370-00100880-00100957 by an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00371-00100958-00101191 new platform or reworked to run on more
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00372-00101192-00101542 powerful hardware in 1994 Apple allied
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00373-00101543-00101773 with IBM and Motorola in the aim
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00374-00101774-00101992 alliance with the goal of creating a new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00375-00101993-00102283 computing platform the poe RPC reference
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00376-00102284-00102523 platform which would use IBM and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00377-00102524-00102742 Motorola Hardware coupled with Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00378-00102743-00103035 software the aim Alliance hoped that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00379-00103036-00103255 preps performance and Apple software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00380-00103256-00103494 would leave the PC far behind and thus
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00381-00103495-00103794 counter Microsoft the same year Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00382-00103795-00104068 introduced the power Macintosh the first
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00383-00104069-00104242 of many Apple computers to use
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00384-00104243-00104656 Motorola's Powe our PC processor in 1996
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00385-00104657-00104941 Spindler was replaced by Gil Amelio as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00386-00104942-00105042 CEO
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00387-00105043-00105340 Emilio made numerous changes at Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00388-00105341-00105568 including extensive layoffs and cut
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00389-00105569-00105907 costs after numerous failed attempts to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00390-00105908-00106153 improve Mac OS first with the telogen
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00391-00106154-00106378 project and later with Copeland and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00392-00106379-00106645 Gershwin Emilio chose to purchase next
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00393-00106646-00106879 and its next-step operating system and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00394-00106880-00107550 bring Steve Jobs back to Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00395-00107551-00108045 topic 1997 to 2007 returned to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00396-00108046-00108489 profitability
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00397-00108490-00108849 at the 1997 Macworld Expo Jobs announced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00398-00108850-00109074 that Apple would join Microsoft to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00399-00109075-00109281 release new versions of Microsoft Office
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00400-00109282-00109563 for the Macintosh and that Microsoft had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00401-00109564-00109857 made a 150 million dollars investment in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00402-00109858-00110209 non-voting Apple stock on November 10th
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00403-00110210-00110523 1997 Apple introduced the Apple online
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00404-00110524-00110763 store which was tied to a new build to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00405-00110764-00111008 order manufacturing strategy the next
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00406-00111009-00111351 deal was finalized on February 9th 1997
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00407-00111352-00111594 bringing jobs back to Apple as an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00408-00111595-00112065 advisor on July 9th 1997 Emilio was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00409-00112066-00112283 ousted by the Board of Directors after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00410-00112284-00112511 overseeing a three-year record low stock
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00411-00112513-00112759 price and crippling financial losses
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00412-00112760-00113108 Jobs acted as the interim CEO and began
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00413-00113109-00113328 restructuring the company's product line
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00414-00113329-00113523 it was during this period that he
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00415-00113524-00113763 identified the design talent of Jonathan
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00416-00113764-00113928 Ive and the pair worked collaboratively
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00417-00113929-00114257 to rebuild Apple status on August 15
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00418-00114258-00114566 1998 Apple introduced a new all-in-one
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00419-00114567-00114795 computer reminiscent of the Macintosh
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00420-00114796-00115308 128k the iMac the iMac design team was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00421-00115308-00115529 led by I've who would later design the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00422-00115530-00115848 iPod and the iPhone the iMac featured
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00423-00115849-00116060 modern technology and a unique design
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00424-00116061-00116388 and sold almost 800,000 units in its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00425-00116389-00116585 first five months during this period
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00426-00116586-00116861 Apple completed numerous acquisitions to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00427-00116863-00117099 create a portfolio of digital production
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00428-00117100-00117291 software for both professionals and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00429-00117292-00117714 consumers in 1998 Apple purchased macro
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00430-00117715-00117929 media's key grip software project
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00431-00117930-00118160 signaling an expansion into the digital
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00432-00118161-00118464 video editing market the sale was an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00433-00118465-00118691 outcome of macro media's decision to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00434-00118692-00118881 solely focus upon web development
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00435-00118882-00119223 software the product still unfinished at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00436-00119224-00119499 the time of the sale was renamed Final
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00437-00119500-00119741 Cut Pro when it was launched on the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00438-00119742-00120120 retail market in April 1999 the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00439-00120121-00120335 development of key grip also led to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00440-00120336-00120546 Apple's release of the consumer video
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00441-00120547-00120947 editing product iMovie in October 1999
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00442-00120948-00121235 next Apple successfully acquired the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00443-00121236-00121433 German company Astarte which had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00444-00121434-00121707 developed DVD authoring technology as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00445-00121708-00121881 well as a starties correspond
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00446-00121882-00122138 products and engineering team in April
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00447-00122139-00122544 2000 a star DS digital tool DV director
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00448-00122545-00122769 was subsequently transformed into the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00449-00122770-00123024 professional oriented DVD Studio Pro
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00450-00123025-00123377 software product Apple then employed the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00451-00123378-00123674 same technology to create AI DVD for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00452-00123675-00124074 consumer market in July 2001 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00453-00124075-00124395 acquired spruce technologies a PC DVD
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00454-00124396-00124647 authoring platform to incorporate their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00455-00124648-00124857 technology into Apple's expanding
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00456-00124858-00125121 portfolio of digital video projects in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00457-00125122-00125435 2002 Apple purchased nothing real for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00458-00125436-00125612 their advanced digital compositing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00459-00125613-00125888 application shake as well as e magic for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00460-00125889-00126122 the music productivity application logic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00461-00126123-00126434 the purchase of the magic made apple the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00462-00126435-00126645 first computer manufacturer to own a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00463-00126646-00126962 music software company the acquisition
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00464-00126963-00127149 was followed by the development of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00465-00127150-00127349 Apple's consumer-level GarageBand
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00466-00127350-00127683 application the release of iPhoto in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00467-00127683-00127947 same year completed the iLife suite Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00468-00127948-00128390 OS X based on next so PE NS TP and BSD
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00469-00128391-00128793 UNIX was released on March 24 2001 after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00470-00128794-00129081 several years of development aimed at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00471-00129082-00129359 consumers and professionals alike mac OS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00472-00129360-00129560 x aimed to combine the stability
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00473-00129561-00129846 reliability and security of unix with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00474-00129847-00130016 the ease-of-use afforded by an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00475-00130017-00130337 overhauled user interface to aid users
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00476-00130338-00130623 in migrating from mac OS 9 the new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00477-00130624-00130889 operating system allowed the use of OS 9
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00478-00130890-00131174 applications within mac OS x via the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00479-00131175-00131520 classic environment on may 19 2001 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00480-00131521-00131748 opened its first official eponymous
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00481-00131749-00131954 retail stores in Virginia and California
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00482-00131955-00132365 on October 23rd of the same year Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00483-00132366-00132618 debuted the iPod portable digital audio
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00484-00132619-00132933 player the product which was first sold
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00485-00132934-00133250 on November 10 2001 was phenomenally
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00486-00133251-00133511 successful with over 100 million units
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00487-00133512-00133928 sold within six years in 2003 Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00488-00133929-00134220 iTunes store was introduced the service
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00489-00134221-00134556 offered online music downloads for $0.99
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00490-00134557-00134883 a song and integration with the iPod the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00491-00134884-00135128 iTunes store quickly became the market
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00492-00135129-00135254 leader in online
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00493-00135255-00135456 music services with over five billion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00494-00135457-00135897 downloads by June 19 2008 two years
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00495-00135898-00136146 later the iTunes Store was the world's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00496-00136147-00136487 largest music retailer at the Worldwide
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00497-00136488-00136746 Developers Conference keynote address on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00498-00136747-00137118 June 6 2005 Jobs announced that Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00499-00137119-00137310 would begin producing Intel based Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00500-00137311-00137844 computers in 2006 On January 10th 2006
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00501-00137845-00138125 the new MacBook Pro and iMac became the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00502-00138126-00138338 first Apple computers to use Intel's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00503-00138339-00138866 Core duo CPU by August 7 2006 Apple made
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00504-00138867-00139085 the transition to Intel chips for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00505-00139086-00139376 entire Mac product line over one year
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00506-00139377-00139652 sooner than announced the Power Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00507-00139653-00139904 iBook and power book brands were retired
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00508-00139905-00140118 during the transition the Mac Pro
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00509-00140119-00140382 MacBook and MacBook Pro became their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00510-00140383-00140801 respective successors on April 29 2009
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00511-00140802-00141023 The Wall Street Journal reported that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00512-00141024-00141215 Apple was building its own team of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00513-00141216-00141551 engineers to design microchips Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00514-00141552-00141866 also introduced boot camp in 2006 to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00515-00141867-00142163 help users install Windows XP or Windows
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00516-00142164-00142422 Vista on their Intel Macs alongside Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00517-00142423-00142673 OS X Apple's success during this period
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00518-00142674-00142983 was evident in its stock price between
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00519-00142984-00143406 early 2003 and 2006 the price of Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00520-00143407-00143631 stock increased more than tenfold from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00521-00143632-00143966 around $6 per share split adjusted to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00522-00143967-00144461 over $80 in January 2006 Apple's market
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00523-00144462-00144761 cap surpassed that of Dell nine years
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00524-00144762-00145059 prior Dell CEO Michael Dell had said
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00525-00145060-00145296 that if he ran Apple he would shut it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00526-00145297-00145497 down and give the money back to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00527-00145498-00145603 shareholders
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00528-00145604-00145848 although Apple's market share in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00529-00145849-00146082 computers had grown it remained far
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00530-00146083-00146309 behind its competitor microsoft windows
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00531-00146310-00146634 accounting for about 8% of desktops and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00532-00146635-00146966 laptops in the US since 2001 apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00533-00146967-00147203 design team has progressively abandoned
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00534-00147204-00147432 the use of translucent colored plastics
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00535-00147433-00147788 first used in the iMac g3 this design
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00536-00147789-00148013 change began with the titanium made
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00537-00148014-00148197 power book and was followed by the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00538-00148198-00148449 iBooks white polycarbonate structure and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00539-00148450-00148658 the flat panel iMac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00540-00148659-00149061 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00541-00149062-00149589 topic 2007 to 2011 success with mobile
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00542-00149590-00149987 devices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00543-00149988-00150200 during his keynote speech at the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00544-00150201-00150604 Macworld Expo on January 9 2007 Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00545-00150605-00150836 announced that Apple Computer Inc would
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00546-00150837-00151175 thereafter be known as Apple Inc because
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00547-00151176-00151334 the company had shifted its emphasis
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00548-00151335-00151624 from computers to consumer electronics
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00549-00151625-00151937 this event also saw the announcement of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00550-00151938-00152258 the iPhone and the Apple TV the company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00551-00152259-00152590 sold 270,000 iPhone units during the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00552-00152591-00152834 first 30 hours of sales and the device
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00553-00152835-00153089 was called a game-changer for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00554-00153090-00153368 industry Apple would achieve widespread
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00555-00153369-00153668 success with its iPhone iPod touch and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00556-00153669-00153860 iPad products which introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00557-00153861-00154118 innovations and mobile phones portable
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00558-00154119-00154334 music players and personal computers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00559-00154335-00154764 respectively furthermore by early 2007
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00560-00154765-00155033 800,000 Final Cut Pro users were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00561-00155034-00155249 registered in an article posted on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00562-00155250-00155653 Apple's website On February 6 2007 Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00563-00155654-00155837 wrote that Apple would be willing to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00564-00155838-00156062 sell music on the iTunes Store without
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00565-00156063-00156368 digital rights management DRM thereby
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00566-00156369-00156539 allowing tracks to be played on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00567-00156540-00156761 third-party players if record labels
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00568-00156762-00156982 would agree to drop the technology on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00569-00156983-00157394 April 2nd 2007 Apple and Emmy jointly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00570-00157395-00157661 announced the removal of DRM technology
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00571-00157662-00157885 from Emmys catalog in the iTunes Store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00572-00157886-00158290 effective in May 2007 other record
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00573-00158291-00158519 labels eventually followed suit and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00574-00158520-00158726 Apple published a press release in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00575-00158727-00158977 January 2009 to announce the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00576-00158978-00159178 corresponding changes to the iTunes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00577-00159179-00159512 Store in July 2008 Apple launched the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00578-00159513-00159677 app store to sell third-party
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00579-00159678-00159869 applications for the iPhone and iPod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00580-00159870-00160252 Touch within a month the store sold 60
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00581-00160253-00160475 million applications and registered an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00582-00160476-00160682 average daily revenue of 1 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00583-00160683-00160937 dollars with jobs speculating in August
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00584-00160938-00161189 2008 that the app store could become a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00585-00161190-00161477 billion-dollar business for Apple by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00586-00161478-00161752 October 2008 Apple was the third largest
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00587-00161753-00162059 mobile handset supplier in the world due
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00588-00162060-00162257 to the popularity of the iPhone on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00589-00162258-00162614 December 16 2008 Apple announced that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00590-00162615-00162863 2009 would be the last year the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00591-00162864-00163031 corporation would attend the Macworld
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00592-00163032-00163274 Expo after more than 20 years of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00593-00163275-00163352 attendant
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00594-00163353-00163526 and that senior vice president of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00595-00163527-00163718 worldwide product marketing Phil
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00596-00163719-00163988 Schiller would deliver the 2009 keynote
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00597-00163989-00164318 address in lieu of the expected jobs the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00598-00164319-00164525 official press release explained that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00599-00164526-00164912 Apple was scaling back on trade shows in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00600-00164913-00165176 general including Macworld Tokyo and the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00601-00165177-00165455 Apple Expo in Paris France primarily
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00602-00165456-00165656 because the enormous successes of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00603-00165657-00165887 Apple retail stores and website had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00604-00165888-00166124 rendered trade shows a minor promotional
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00605-00166125-00166490 Channel On January 14 2009 Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00606-00166491-00166712 announced in an internal memo that he
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00607-00166713-00166895 would be taking a six-month medical
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00608-00166896-00167096 leave of absence from Apple until the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00609-00167097-00167357 end of June 2009 and would spend the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00610-00167358-00167669 time focusing on his health in the email
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00611-00167670-00168011 job stated that the Curiosity over my
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00612-00168012-00168224 personal health continues to be a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00613-00168225-00168458 distraction not only for me and my
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00614-00168459-00168728 family but everyone else at Apple as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00615-00168729-00169037 well and explained that the break would
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00616-00169038-00169301 allow the company to focus on delivering
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00617-00169302-00169673 extraordinary products despite jobs his
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00618-00169674-00169904 absence Apple recorded its best non
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00619-00169905-00170309 holiday quarter q1 FY 2009 during the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00620-00170310-00170615 recession with revenue of 8.16 billion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00621-00170616-00170882 dollars and profit of 1.2 1 billion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00622-00170883-00171257 dollars after years of speculation and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00623-00171258-00171608 multiple rumored leaks Apple unveiled a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00624-00171609-00171869 large screen tablet like media device
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00625-00171870-00172334 known as the iPad on January 27 2010 the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00626-00172335-00172592 iPad ran the same touch-based operating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00627-00172593-00172823 system as the iPhone and many iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00628-00172824-00173126 apps were compatible with the iPad this
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00629-00173127-00173378 gave the iPad a large app catalog on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00630-00173379-00173618 launch despite very little development
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00631-00173619-00173924 time before the release later that year
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00632-00173925-00174233 on April 3rd 2010 the iPad was launched
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00633-00174234-00174602 in the US it sold more than 300,000
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00634-00174603-00174917 units on its first day and 500,000 by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00635-00174918-00175193 the end of the first week in May of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00636-00175194-00175448 same year Apple's market cap exceeded
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00637-00175449-00175652 that of competitor Microsoft for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00638-00175653-00176087 first time since 1989 in June 2010
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00639-00176088-00176306 Apple released the iPhone 4 which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00640-00176307-00176564 introduced video calling multitasking
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00641-00176565-00176728 and the new uninsulated
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00642-00176729-00176929 stainless-steel design that acted as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00643-00176930-00177202 phone's antenna later that year Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00644-00177203-00177523 again refreshed its iPod line of mp3
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00645-00177524-00177754 players by introducing a multi-touch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00646-00177755-00178046 iPod Nano and iPod touch with FaceTime
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00647-00178047-00178232 and an iPod shuffle that brought back
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00648-00178233-00178503 the buttons of earlier generations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00649-00178504-00178796 additionally on October 20th Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00650-00178797-00179045 updated the MacBook Air laptop iLife
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00651-00179046-00179287 suite of applications and unveiled Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00652-00179288-00179578 OS X Lion the last version with the name
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00653-00179579-00179921 Mac OS X in October 2010 Apple shares
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00654-00179922-00180262 hit an all-time high eclipsing $300 On
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00655-00180263-00180598 January 6th 2011 the company opened its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00656-00180599-00180826 Mac App Store a digital software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00657-00180827-00181106 distribution platform similar to the iOS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00658-00181107-00181375 App Store alongside peer entities such
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00659-00181376-00181643 as Atari and Cisco Systems Apple was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00660-00181644-00181834 featured in the documentary something
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00661-00181835-00182084 ventured which premiered in 2011 and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00662-00182085-00182302 explored the three decade era that led
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00663-00182303-00182503 to the establishment and dominance of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00664-00182504-00182897 Silicon Valley On January 17 2011 Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00665-00182898-00183139 announced in an internal Apple memo that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00666-00183140-00183293 he would take another medical leave of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00667-00183294-00183533 absence for an indefinite period to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00668-00183534-00183818 allow him to focus on his health chief
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00669-00183819-00184084 operating officer Tim Cook assumed jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00670-00184085-00184315 as day-to-day operations at Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00671-00184316-00184500 although Jobs would still remain
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00672-00184501-00184860 involved in major strategic decisions
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00673-00184861-00185171 Apple became the most valuable consumer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00674-00185172-00185345 facing brand in the world
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00675-00185346-00185686 in June 2011 Jobs surprisingly took the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00676-00185687-00185929 stage and unveiled iCloud an online
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00677-00185930-00186166 storage and syncing service for music
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00678-00186167-00186463 photos files and software which replaced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00679-00186464-00186700 MobileMe Apple's previous attempt at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00680-00186701-00186901 content syncing this would be the last
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00681-00186902-00187141 product launch jobs would attend before
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00682-00187142-00187433 his death it has been argued that Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00683-00187434-00187646 has achieved such efficiency in its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00684-00187647-00187864 supply chain that the company operates
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00685-00187865-00188144 as a monopsony one buyer many sellers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00686-00188145-00188371 and can dictate terms to its suppliers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00687-00188372-00188740 in July 2011 due to the American debt
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00688-00188741-00188962 ceiling crisis Apple's financial
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00689-00188963-00189175 reserves were briefly larger than those
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00690-00189176-00189478 of the US government on August 24 2011
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00691-00189479-00189790 Jobs resigned his position as CEO of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00692-00189791-00190100 Apple he was replaced by cook and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00693-00190101-00190343 jobs became apples chairman prior to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00694-00190344-00190577 this Apple did not have a chairman and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00695-00190578-00190862 instead had to co-lead directors Andrea
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00696-00190863-00191066 young and our third eleven s'en who
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00697-00191067-00191243 continued with those titles until
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00698-00191244-00191474 Levinson became chairman of the board in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00699-00191475-00191915 November topic 2011-present
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00700-00191916-00192197 post Steve Jobs era Tim Cook leadership
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00701-00192198-00192530 on October 5th 2011 Steve Jobs died
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00702-00192531-00192773 marking the end of an era for Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00703-00192774-00193055 the first major product announcement by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00704-00193056-00193298 Apple following jobs as passing occurred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00705-00193299-00193628 on January 19 2012 when Apple's Phil
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00706-00193629-00193868 Schiller introduced iBooks textbooks for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00707-00193869-00194198 iOS and iBook author for Mac OSX in New
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00708-00194199-00194483 York City Jobs had stated in his
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00709-00194484-00194717 biography that he wanted to reinvent the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00710-00194718-00194957 textbook industry and education from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00711-00194958-00195248 2011 to 2012 Apple released the iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00712-00195249-00195554 4s and iPhone 5 which featured improved
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00713-00195555-00195758 cameras an intelligent software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00714-00195759-00196031 assistant named Siri and cloud source
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00715-00196032-00196265 data with iCloud the third and fourth
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00716-00196266-00196523 generation iPads which featured Retina
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00717-00196524-00196748 displays and the iPad Mini which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00718-00196749-00197054 featured a 7.9 inch screen in contrast
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00719-00197055-00197270 to the iPads nine point seven inch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00720-00197271-00197567 screen these launches were successful
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00721-00197568-00197807 with the iPhone 5 released September
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00722-00197808-00198095 21st 2012 becoming Apple's biggest
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00723-00198096-00198281 iPhone launch with over 2 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00724-00198282-00198569 pre-orders and sales of 3 million iPads
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00725-00198570-00198800 in 3 days following the launch of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00726-00198801-00199049 iPad Mini and fourth-generation iPad
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00727-00199050-00199445 released November 3rd 2012 Apple also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00728-00199446-00199685 released a third generation 13-inch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00729-00199686-00199952 MacBook Pro with a Retina display a new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00730-00199953-00200216 iMac and Mac Mini computers on August
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00731-00200217-00200513 20th 2012 Apple's rising stock price
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00732-00200514-00200689 increased the company's market
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00733-00200690-00201023 capitalization to a world record 624
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00734-00201024-00201284 billion dollars this beat the non
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00735-00201285-00201517 inflation adjusted record for market
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00736-00201518-00201872 capitalization set by Microsoft in 1999
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00737-00201873-00202358 on August 24 2012 a US jury ruled that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00738-00202359-00202601 Samsung should pay Apple one point zero
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00739-00202602-00202997 five billion dollars 665 million pounds
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00740-00202998-00203213 in damages in an intellectual property
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00741-00203214-00203378 lawsuit
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00742-00203379-00203634 Samsung appealed the damages award which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00743-00203635-00203950 the court reduced by 450 million dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00744-00203951-00204231 the court further granted Samsung's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00745-00204232-00204519 request for a new trial on November 10th
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00746-00204520-00204801 2012 Apple confirmed a global settlement
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00747-00204802-00205007 that would dismiss all lawsuits between
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00748-00205008-00205319 Apple and HTC up to that date in favor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00749-00205321-00205511 of a 10-year license agreement for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00750-00205512-00205728 current and future patents between the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00751-00205729-00206030 two companies it is predicted that Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00752-00206031-00206264 will make 280 million dollars a year
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00753-00206265-00206573 from this deal with HTC a previously
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00754-00206575-00206826 confidential email written by jobs a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00755-00206827-00207023 year before his death was presented
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00756-00207025-00207212 during the proceedings of the Apple Inc
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00757-00207213-00207590 V Samsung Electronics Co lawsuits and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00758-00207591-00207839 became publicly available in early April
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00759-00207840-00208229 2014 with a subject line that reads top
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00760-00208230-00208500 100 a the email was sent only to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00761-00208501-00208796 company's 100 most senior employees and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00762-00208798-00209012 outlines jobs as vision of Apple Inc's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00763-00209013-00209376 future under 10 subheadings notably jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00764-00209377-00209696 declares a holy war with Google for 2011
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00765-00209698-00210005 and schedules at new campus for 2015 in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00766-00210006-00210321 March 2013 Apple filed a patent for an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00767-00210321-00210557 augmented reality our system that can
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00768-00210558-00210779 identify objects in a live video stream
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00769-00210780-00211067 and present information corresponding to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00770-00211069-00211178 these objects through a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00771-00211179-00211398 computer-generated information layer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00772-00211398-00211652 overlaid on top of the real world image
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00773-00211653-00211902 the company also made several
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00774-00211903-00212264 high-profile hiring decisions in 2013 on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00775-00212265-00212640 July 2nd 2013 Apple recruited Paul
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00776-00212641-00212921 Dennis Belgian president and CEO of Eve
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00777-00212923-00213123 Sam Laurent as a vice president
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00778-00213123-00213426 reporting directly to Tim Cook a mid
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00779-00213427-00213702 October 2013 announcement revealed that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00780-00213703-00213939 Burberry executive Angela Arendt's will
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00781-00213940-00214152 commence as a senior vice president at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00782-00214153-00214539 Apple in mid-2014 Arendt's oversaw
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00783-00214540-00214769 Burberry's digital strategy for almost
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00784-00214771-00215006 eight years and during her tenure sales
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00785-00215007-00215306 increased to about 3.2 billion dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00786-00215307-00215507 and shares gained more than three-fold
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00787-00215508-00215748 alongside Google vice president Vint
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00788-00215748-00216053 Cerf and AT&T CEO Randall Stephenson
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00789-00216054-00216308 Cook attended a closed-door summit held
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00790-00216309-00216642 by President Obama on August 8 2013 in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00791-00216642-00216753 regard to govern
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00792-00216754-00216944 surveillance and the Internet in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00793-00216946-00217200 wake of the Edward Snowden NSA incident
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00794-00217201-00217521 on February 4th 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00795-00217521-00217713 cook met with Abdullah Ghul the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00796-00217714-00217959 president of Turkey in Ankara to discuss
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00797-00217960-00218148 the company's involvement in the Fatih
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00798-00218148-00218481 project in the first quarter of 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00799-00218482-00218790 Apple reported sales of 51 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00800-00218791-00219090 iPhones and 26 million iPads becoming
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00801-00219091-00219453 all-time quarterly sales records it also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00802-00219454-00219657 experienced a significant year-over-year
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00803-00219658-00219969 increase in Mac sales this was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00804-00219969-00220173 contrasted with a significant drop in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00805-00220173-00220557 iPod sales in May 2014 the company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00806-00220558-00220817 confirmed its intent to acquire dr. Dre
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00807-00220819-00221064 and Jimmy Iovine audio company Beats
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00808-00221065-00221382 Electronics producer of the Beats By dr.
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00809-00221383-00221694 Dre line of headphones and speaker
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00810-00221694-00221898 products an operator of the music
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00811-00221898-00222186 streaming service beats music for three
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00812-00222187-00222360 billion dollars and to sell their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00813-00222361-00222567 products through Apple's retail outlets
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00814-00222567-00222900 and resellers Iovine felt that Beats had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00815-00222901-00223223 always belonged with Apple as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00816-00223225-00223446 company modeled itself after Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00817-00223446-00223748 unmatched ability to marry culture and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00818-00223750-00224037 technology the acquisition was the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00819-00224038-00224214 largest purchase in Apple's history
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00820-00224215-00224448 Apple has been at the top of inter
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00821-00224448-00224688 brand's annual best global brands report
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00822-00224689-00225114 for four years in a row 2013 2014 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00823-00225115-00225606 and 2016 with a valuation of 178 point 1
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00824-00225607-00225936 billion dollars in January 2016 it was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00825-00225937-00226161 announced that 1 billion Apple devices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00826-00226162-00226442 were in active use worldwide on May 12
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00827-00226444-00226748 2016 Apple Inc invested 1 billion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00828-00226750-00226992 dollars in DD Chuck Seng a Chinese
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00829-00226992-00227280 competitor to Ober the information
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00830-00227281-00227592 reported in October 2016 that Apple had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00831-00227592-00227832 taken a board seat in DD Chuck Seng a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00832-00227833-00228030 move that James Vincent of The Verge
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00833-00228031-00228276 speculated could be a strategic company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00834-00228277-00228510 decision by Apple to get closer to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00835-00228511-00228762 automobile industry particularly DD
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00836-00228763-00228942 juicings reported interest in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00837-00228942-00229073 self-driving cars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00838-00229075-00229452 On June 6 2016 4 aleast their list of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00839-00229453-00229650 companies ranked on revenue generation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00840-00229651-00229926 in the trailing fiscal year Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00841-00229927-00230132 appeared on the list as the top
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00842-00230133-00230579 company it ranked third overall with 233
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00843-00230580-00230834 billion dollars in revenue this
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00844-00230835-00231042 represents a movement upward of two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00845-00231042-00231260 spots from the previous year's list on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00846-00231261-00231608 April 6th 2017 Apple launched Clips an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00847-00231609-00231884 app that allows iPad and iPhone users to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00848-00231885-00232202 make and edit videos the app provides a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00849-00232203-00232413 way to produce short videos to share
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00850-00232414-00232607 with other users on the messages app
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00851-00232608-00232829 Instagram Facebook and other social
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00852-00232830-00233183 networks Apple also introduced live
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00853-00233184-00233412 titles for clips that allows users to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00854-00233413-00233669 add live animated captions and titles
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00855-00233671-00233981 using their voice in May 2017 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00856-00233982-00234199 refreshed two of its website designs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00857-00234200-00234610 their public relations Apple press info
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00858-00234611-00234956 website was changed to an Apple newsroom
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00859-00234957-00235239 site featuring a greater emphasis on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00860-00235240-00235475 imagery and therefore lower information
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00861-00235476-00235754 density and combines press releases news
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00862-00235755-00236170 items and photos it's Apple leadership
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00863-00236171-00236477 overview of company executives was also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00864-00236478-00236715 refreshed adding a simpler layout with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00865-00236716-00236924 prominent header image and two column
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00866-00236925-00237299 text fields 9 to 5 Mac noted the design
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00867-00237300-00237519 similarities to several of apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00868-00237519-00237842 redesigned apps in iOS 10 particularly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00869-00237844-00238076 it's Apple music and new software in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00870-00238077-00238376 June 2017 Apple announced the home pod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00871-00238377-00238590 it's smart speaker aimed to compete
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00872-00238591-00238941 against Sonos and Amazon echo towards
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00873-00238942-00239129 the end of the year TechCrunch reported
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00874-00239130-00239369 that Apple was acquiring Shazam a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00875-00239371-00239694 company specializing in music TV film
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00876-00239694-00239957 and advertising recognition the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00877-00239958-00240162 acquisition was confirmed a few days
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00878-00240163-00240446 later reportedly costing Apple 400
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00879-00240447-00240659 million dollars with media reports
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00880-00240660-00240833 noting that the purchase looked like a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00881-00240834-00241094 move by Apple to get data and tools to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00882-00241096-00241266 bolster its Apple music streaming
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00883-00241267-00241604 service the purchase was approved by EU
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00884-00241605-00241917 later in September 2018 also in June
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00885-00241917-00242234 2017 Apple appointed Jamie or licked and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00886-00242235-00242417 Zach Van Amburg to head their newly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00887-00242419-00242766 formed worldwide video unit in November
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00888-00242767-00243053 2017 Apple announced it was branching
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00889-00243054-00243291 out into original scripted programming a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00890-00243292-00243509 drama series starring Jennifer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00891-00243510-00243758 and Reese Witherspoon and a reboot of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00892-00243759-00244092 the anthology series Amazing Stories in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00893-00244092-00244367 June 2018 Apple signed the Writers Guild
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00894-00244369-00244631 of America's minimum basic agreement and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00895-00244632-00244874 Oprah Winfrey to a multi-year content
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00896-00244875-00245190 partnership additional partnerships for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00897-00245191-00245408 original series include Sesame Workshop
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00898-00245409-00245747 and DHX media and its subsidiary peanuts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00899-00245748-00245978 worldwide as well as a partnership with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00900-00245979-00246339 a 24 to create original films as of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00901-00246340-00246647 January 2019 Apple has ordered 21
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00902-00246648-00246914 television series in one film
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00903-00246915-00247169 furthermore there are five series in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00904-00247171-00247563 development at Apple On June 5th 2018
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00905-00247564-00247808 Apple deprecated open goal across all
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00906-00247809-00248057 operating systems and urges developers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00907-00248058-00248294 to use metal instead Apple purchased
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00908-00248296-00248609 econia holographics in August 2018 who
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00909-00248610-00248763 makes lenses for augmented reality
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00910-00248764-00249379 goggles
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00911-00249380-00249746 topic products
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00912-00249746-00249925 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00913-00249926-00250257 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00914-00250258-00250711 topic Mac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00915-00250712-00251117 max currently in production iMac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00916-00251118-00251399 consumer all-in-one desktop computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00917-00251400-00251894 introduced in 1998 Mac Mini consumer sub
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00918-00251895-00252286 desktop computer introduced in 2005
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00919-00252287-00252590 macbook consumer ultra-thin ultra
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00920-00252591-00252917 portable notebook introduced in 2006 and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00921-00252918-00253283 relaunched in 2015 macbook pro
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00922-00253284-00253678 professional notebook introduced in 2006
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00923-00253679-00254030 mac pro workstation desktop computer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00924-00254031-00254519 introduced in 2006 macbook air consumer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00925-00254520-00254741 ultra-thin ultra portable notebook
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00926-00254742-00255056 introduced in 2008 Apple sells a variety
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00927-00255057-00255287 of computer accessories for macs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00928-00255288-00255533 including Thunderbolt Display Magic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00929-00255534-00255845 Mouse Magic Trackpad magic keyboard the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00930-00255846-00256088 airport wireless networking products and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00931-00256089-00256671 time capsule
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00932-00256671-00257166 topic iPod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00933-00257167-00257559 on October 23rd 2001 Apple introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00934-00257560-00257886 the iPod digital music player several
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00935-00257887-00258057 updated models have since been
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00936-00258058-00258296 introduced and the iPod brand is now the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00937-00258298-00258531 market leader in portable music players
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00938-00258532-00258927 by a significant margin more than 350
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00939-00258928-00259101 million units have shipped as of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00940-00259102-00259425 September 2012 Apple has partnered with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00941-00259426-00259725 Nike to offer the Nike Plus iPod sports
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00942-00259726-00259983 kit enabling runners to synchronize and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00943-00259984-00260202 monitor their runs with iTunes and the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00944-00260203-00260631 Nike Plus website in late July 2017
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00945-00260632-00260883 Apple discontinued its iPod Nano and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00946-00260884-00261132 iPod shuffle models leaving only the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00947-00261133-00261603 iPod Touch available for purchase topic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00948-00261604-00261825 iPhone at the Macworld Conference & Expo
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00949-00261826-00262233 in January 2007 Steve Jobs introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00950-00262234-00262431 the long-anticipated iPhone a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00951-00262432-00262595 convergence of an internet-enabled
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00952-00262596-00262965 smartphone and iPod the first generation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00953-00262966-00263426 iPhone was released on June 29 2007 for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00954-00263427-00263919 $499 for gigabytes and $599 8 gigabytes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00955-00263920-00264126 with an AT&T contract
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00956-00264127-00264531 On February 5th 2008 it was updated to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00957-00264532-00264816 have 16 gigabytes of memory in addition
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00958-00264817-00264975 to the eight gigabytes and four
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00959-00264976-00265368 gigabytes models it combined a 2.5 g
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00960-00265369-00265659 quad-band GSM and edge cellular phone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00961-00265660-00265887 with features found in handheld devices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00962-00265888-00266157 running scaled-down versions of Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00963-00266158-00266490 Mac OS X dubbed i phone OS later renamed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00964-00266491-00266832 iOS with various Mac OS X applications
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00965-00266833-00267168 such as Safari and Mail it also includes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00966-00267169-00267378 web-based and dashboard apps such as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00967-00267379-00267669 Google Maps and weather the iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00968-00267670-00267996 features a 3.5 inch 89 millimetres
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00969-00267997-00268254 touchscreen display Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00970-00268255-00268644 both B and G a second version the iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00971-00268645-00269040 3G was released on July 11 2008 with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00972-00269041-00269361 reduced price of $199 for the eight
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00973-00269362-00269739 gigabytes version and $299 for the 16
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00974-00269740-00270033 gigabytes version this version added
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00975-00270034-00270309 support for 3G networking and assisted
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00976-00270310-00270528 GPS navigation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00977-00270529-00270768 the flat silverback enlarged antenna
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00978-00270769-00270954 square of the original model were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00979-00270955-00271197 eliminated in favor of a glossy curved
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00980-00271198-00271479 black or white back software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00981-00271480-00271680 capabilities were improved with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00982-00271681-00271893 release of the App Store which provided
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00983-00271894-00272124 iPhone compatible applications to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00984-00272125-00272589 download on April 24 2009 the App Store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00985-00272590-00272955 surpassed 1 billion downloads On June 8
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00986-00272956-00273423 2009 Apple announced the iPhone 3GS it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00987-00273424-00273639 provided an incremental update to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00988-00273640-00273855 device including faster internal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00989-00273856-00274149 components support for faster 3G speeds
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00990-00274150-00274401 video recording capability and voice
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00991-00274402-00274623 control at the World Wide Developers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00992-00274624-00275151 Conference WWDC on June 7 2010 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00993-00275152-00275445 announced the redesigned iPhone 4 it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00994-00275446-00275898 featured a 960 x 640 display the Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00995-00275899-00276192 a4 processor a gyroscope for enhanced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00996-00276193-00276494 gaming a 5mp camera with LED flash
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00997-00276495-00276825 front-facing VGA camera and FaceTime
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00998-00276826-00277121 video calling shortly after its release
+cqS0GNkJXEc-00999-00277122-00277359 reception issues were discovered by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01000-00277360-00277539 consumers due to the stainless steel
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01001-00277540-00277785 band around the edge of the device which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01002-00277786-00278022 also serves as the phone cellular signal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01003-00278023-00278292 and Wi-Fi antenna the issue was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01004-00278293-00278535 corrected by a bumper case distributed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01005-00278536-00278766 by Apple for free to all owners for a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01006-00278767-00279144 few months in June 2011 Apple overtook
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01007-00279145-00279333 Nokia to become the world's biggest
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01008-00279334-00279681 smartphone maker by volume on October
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01009-00279682-00279987 4th 2011 Apple unveiled the iPhone 4s
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01010-00279988-00280281 which was first released on October 14
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01011-00280282-00280644 2011 it features the Apple a5 processor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01012-00280645-00280950 and Siri voice assistant technology the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01013-00280951-00281148 latter of which Apple had acquired in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01014-00281149-00281532 2010 it also features an updated 8mp
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01015-00281533-00281883 camera with new optics Apple began a new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01016-00281884-00282099 accessibility feature made for iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01017-00282100-00282474 hearing aids with the iPhone 4s made for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01018-00282475-00282714 iPhone hearing aids feature live listen
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01019-00282715-00282963 it can help the user hear a conversation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01020-00282964-00283215 in a noisy room or hear someone speaking
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01021-00283216-00283518 across the room Apple sold four million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01022-00283519-00283791 iPhone 4s phones in the first three days
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01023-00283792-00283920 of availability
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01024-00283921-00284238 on September 12 2012 Apple introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01025-00284239-00284664 the iPhone 5 it has a 4-inch display 4G
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01026-00284665-00284943 LTE connectivity and the upgraded Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01027-00284944-00285227 a6 chip among several other improvements
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01028-00285228-00285513 to million iPhones were sold in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01029-00285514-00285785 first 24 hours of pre-ordering and over
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01030-00285786-00286014 five million handsets were sold in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01031-00286015-00286320 first three days of its lunch upon the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01032-00286321-00286604 launch of the iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01033-00286605-00286866 Apple set a new record for first weekend
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01034-00286867-00287094 smartphone sales by selling over nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01035-00287095-00287298 million devices in the first three days
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01036-00287299-00287616 of its lunch the release of the iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01037-00287617-00287951 5s and 5c was the first time that Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01038-00287952-00288185 simultaneously launched two models a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01039-00288186-00288495 patent filed in July 2013 revealed the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01040-00288496-00288669 development of a new iPhone battery
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01041-00288670-00288918 system that uses location data in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01042-00288919-00289104 combination with data on the user's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01043-00289105-00289341 habits to moderate the handsets power
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01044-00289342-00289641 settings accordingly Apple is working
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01045-00289642-00289859 towards a power management system that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01046-00289860-00290057 will provide features such as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01047-00290058-00290262 ability of the iPhone to estimate the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01048-00290263-00290469 length of time a user will be away from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01049-00290470-00290748 a power source to modify energy usage
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01050-00290749-00290967 and a detection function that adjusts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01051-00290968-00291192 the charging rate to best suit the type
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01052-00291193-00291447 of power source that is being used in a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01053-00291448-00291704 March 2014 interview Apple designer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01054-00291705-00291935 Jonathan Ive used the iPhone as an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01055-00291936-00292170 example of Apple's ethos of creating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01056-00292171-00292503 high quality life-changing products he
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01057-00292504-00292650 explained that the phones are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01058-00292651-00292856 comparatively expensive due to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01059-00292857-00293052 intensive effort that is used to make
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01060-00293053-00293370 them we don't take so long and make the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01061-00293371-00293676 way we make for fiscal reasons
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01062-00293677-00293994 quite the reverse the body is made from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01063-00293995-00294420 a single piece of machined aluminium the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01064-00294421-00294612 whole thing is polished first to a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01065-00294613-00294831 mirror finish and then is very finely
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01066-00294832-00295155 textured except for the Apple logo the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01067-00295156-00295392 chamfers smoothed off edges are cut with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01068-00295393-00295677 diamond tipped cutters the cutters don't
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01069-00295678-00295932 usually last very long so we had to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01070-00295933-00296160 figure out a way of mass manufacturing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01071-00296161-00296484 long lasting ones the camera cover is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01072-00296485-00296733 sapphire crystal look at the details
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01073-00296734-00296958 around the SIM card slot it's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01074-00296959-00297060 extraordinary
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01075-00297061-00297483 on September 9th 2014 Apple introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01076-00297484-00297762 the iPhone 6 alongside the iPhone 6 plus
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01077-00297763-00298017 that both have screen sizes over four
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01078-00298018-00298242 inches one year later
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01079-00298243-00298500 Apple introduced the iPhone 6s and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01080-00298501-00298776 iPhone 6s plus which introduced a new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01081-00298777-00299070 technology called 3d touch including an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01082-00299071-00299343 increase of the rear camera to 12 MP and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01083-00299344-00299757 the FaceTime camera to 5mp on March 21st
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01084-00299758-00300096 2016 Apple introduced the iPhone se that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01085-00300097-00300369 has a 4-inch screen size last used with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01086-00300370-00300618 the 5s and has nearly the same internal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01087-00300619-00300891 hardware as the success in July 2016
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01088-00300892-00301179 Apple announced that 1 billion iPhones
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01089-00301180-00301557 had been sold on September 7 2016 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01090-00301558-00301833 introduced the iPhone 7 and the iPhone 7
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01091-00301834-00302079 plus which feature improved system and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01092-00302080-00302262 graphics performance add water
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01093-00302263-00302499 resistance a new rear dual camera system
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01094-00302500-00302805 on the 7 plus model and controversially
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01095-00302806-00303024 remove the three point five millimeters
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01096-00303025-00303441 headphone jack on September 12 2017
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01097-00303442-00303714 Apple introduced the iPhone 8 and iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01098-00303715-00303990 8 plus standing as evolutionary updates
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01099-00303991-00304206 to its previous phones with a faster
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01100-00304207-00304467 processor improved display technology
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01101-00304468-00304709 upgraded camera systems and wireless
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01102-00304710-00304950 charging the company also announced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01103-00304951-00305232 iPhone 10 which radically changes the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01104-00305233-00305459 hardware of the iPhone lineup removing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01105-00305460-00305658 the home button in favor of facial
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01106-00305659-00305889 recognition technology and featuring an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01107-00305890-00306075 ear bezel-less design along with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01108-00306076-00306417 wireless charging on September 12 2018
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01109-00306418-00306708 Apple introduced the iPhone 10's iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01110-00306709-00306956 10s Maxx and iPhone 10 are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01111-00306957-00307250 the iPhone 10s and iPhone 10s max
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01112-00307251-00307544 features super Retina displays a faster
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01113-00307545-00307745 and improved dual camera system that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01114-00307746-00307970 offers breakthrough photo and video
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01115-00307971-00308219 features the first seven nanometer chip
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01116-00308220-00308582 in a smartphone the a12 Bionic chip with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01117-00308583-00308861 next-generation neural engine faster
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01118-00308862-00309146 face ID wider stereo sound and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01119-00309147-00309509 introduces dual sim Typhon the iPhone 10
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01120-00309510-00309728 R comes in an all screen glass and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01121-00309729-00309971 aluminium design with the most advanced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01122-00309972-00310286 LCD in a smart phone featuring a 6.1
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01123-00310287-00310607 inch liquid Retina display a 12 Bionic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01124-00310608-00310850 chip with next-generation neural engine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01125-00310851-00311141 the true depth camera system face ID and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01126-00311142-00311357 an advanced camera system that creates
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01127-00311358-00311591 dramatic portraits using a single camera
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01128-00311592-00312257 lens topic iPad on January 27 2010 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01129-00312258-00312485 introduced their much-anticipated media
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01130-00312486-00312632 tablet the iPad
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01131-00312633-00312929 it offers multi-touch interaction with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01132-00312930-00313196 multimedia formats including newspapers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01133-00313197-00313520 ebooks photos videos music word
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01134-00313521-00313778 processing documents video games and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01135-00313779-00314018 most existing iPhone apps using a nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01136-00314019-00314345 point seven inch screen it also includes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01137-00314346-00314561 a mobile version of Safari for web
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01138-00314562-00314789 browsing as well as access to the App
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01139-00314790-00315049 Store iTunes library iBook store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01140-00315050-00315377 contacts and notes content is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01141-00315378-00315638 downloadable via Wi-Fi an optional 3G
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01142-00315639-00315851 service or synced through the users
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01143-00315852-00316265 computer AT&T was initially the sole US
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01144-00316266-00316556 provider of 3G wireless access for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01145-00316557-00316892 iPad on March 2nd 2011 Apple introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01146-00316893-00317180 the iPad 2 which had a faster processor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01147-00317181-00317462 and a camera on the front and back it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01148-00317463-00317684 also added support for optional 3G
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01149-00317685-00317975 service provided by Verizon in addition
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01150-00317976-00318368 to AT&T the availability of the iPad 2
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01151-00318369-00318602 was initially limited as a result of a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01152-00318603-00318809 devastating earthquake and tsunami in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01153-00318810-00319154 Japan in March 2011 the third generation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01154-00319155-00319487 iPad was released on March 7 2012 and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01155-00319488-00319826 marketed as the new iPad it added LTE
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01156-00319827-00320192 service from AT&T or Verizon an upgraded
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01157-00320193-00320315 a5x processor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01158-00320316-00320645 and Retina display the dimensions and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01159-00320646-00320822 form-factor remained relatively
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01160-00320823-00321074 unchanged with the new iPad being a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01161-00321075-00321260 fraction thicker and heavier than the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01162-00321261-00321470 previous version and featuring minor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01163-00321471-00321800 positioning changes on October 23rd 2012
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01164-00321801-00322076 Apple's fourth generation iPad came out
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01165-00322077-00322352 marketed as the iPad with Retina display
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01166-00322353-00322709 it added the upgraded a 6 X processor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01167-00322710-00322913 and replaced the traditional 30-pin dock
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01168-00322914-00323144 connector with the all digital lightning
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01169-00323145-00323435 connector the iPad Mini was also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01170-00323436-00323753 introduced it featured a reduced 7.9
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01171-00323754-00323945 inch display and much of the same
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01172-00323946-00324242 internal specifications as the iPad 2 on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01173-00324243-00324596 October 22nd 2013 Apple introduced the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01174-00324597-00324815 iPad air and the iPad Mini with Retina
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01175-00324816-00325082 display both featuring a new 64-bit
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01176-00325083-00325463 Apple a7 processor the iPad air 2 was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01177-00325464-00325760 unveiled on October 16 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01178-00325761-00326036 it added better graphics and central
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01179-00326037-00326255 processing and a camera burst mode as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01180-00326256-00326585 well as minor updates the iPad Mini 3
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01181-00326586-00326864 was unveiled at the same time since its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01182-00326865-00327164 launch iPad users have downloaded over 3
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01183-00327165-00327440 billion apps the total number of App
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01184-00327441-00327785 Store downloads as of June 2015 is over
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01185-00327786-00328166 100 billion on September 9th 2015 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01186-00328167-00328415 announced the iPad pro and iPad with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01187-00328416-00328679 12 point 9 inch display that supports
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01188-00328680-00328916 two new accessories the smart keyboard
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01189-00328917-00329255 and Apple pencil an updated iPad Mini 4
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01190-00329256-00329534 was announced at the same time a nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01191-00329535-00329813 point seven inch iPad pro was announced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01192-00329814-00330253 on March 21st 2016 On June 5th 2017
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01193-00330254-00330545 Apple announced a new iPad pro with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01194-00330546-00330773 ten point five inch display to replace
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01195-00330774-00330989 the nine point seven inch model and an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01196-00330990-00331683 updated twelve point nine inch model
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01197-00331684-00332209 topic Apple watch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01198-00332210-00332488 the original Apple watch SmartWatch was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01199-00332489-00332722 announced by Tim Cook on September 9th
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01200-00332723-00332851 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01201-00332852-00333037 being introduced as a product with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01202-00333038-00333289 health and fitness tracking it was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01203-00333290-00333631 released on April 24th 2015 the second
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01204-00333632-00333859 generation of Apple watch Apple watch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01205-00333860-00334222 series 2 was released in September 2016
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01206-00334223-00334435 featuring greater water resistance a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01207-00334436-00334696 faster processor and brighter display on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01208-00334697-00335041 September 12 2017 Apple introduced the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01209-00335042-00335311 Apple watch series 3 featuring LTE
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01210-00335312-00335518 cellular connectivity giving the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01211-00335519-00335713 wearable independence from an iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01212-00335714-00335911 except for the setup process on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01213-00335912-00336232 September 12 2018 Apple introduced the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01214-00336233-00336478 Apple watch series for featuring new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01215-00336479-00336712 display electrocardiogram and fall
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01216-00336713-00337264 detection
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01217-00337265-00337858 topic Apple TV
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01218-00337859-00338164 at the 2007 Macworld conference jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01219-00338165-00338446 demonstrated the appletv previously
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01220-00338447-00338749 known as the itv a set-top video device
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01221-00338750-00338968 intended to bridge the sale of content
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01222-00338969-00339117 from itunes with high-definition
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01223-00339118-00339448 televisions the device links up to a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01224-00339449-00339769 user's TV and syncs either via Wi-Fi or
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01225-00339770-00339985 a wired network with one computers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01226-00339986-00340246 iTunes library and streams content from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01227-00340247-00340519 an additional for the Apple TV
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01228-00340520-00340762 originally incorporated a 40 gigabytes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01229-00340763-00341044 hard drive for storage included outputs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01230-00341045-00341347 for HDMI and component video and played
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01231-00341348-00341686 video at a maximum resolution of 720p on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01232-00341687-00342193 May 30th 2007 a 160 gigabytes hard disk
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01233-00342194-00342391 drive was released alongside the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01234-00342392-00342727 existing 40 gigabytes model a software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01235-00342728-00343066 update released on January 15 2008
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01236-00343067-00343279 allowed media to be purchased directly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01237-00343280-00343645 from the Apple TV in September 2009
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01238-00343646-00343858 Apple discontinued the original 40
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01239-00343859-00344125 gigabytes Apple TV and now continues to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01240-00344126-00344446 produce and sell the 160 gigabytes Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01241-00344447-00344860 TV on September 1st 2010 Apple released
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01242-00344861-00345211 a completely redesigned Apple TV the new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01243-00345212-00345451 device as one-quarter the size runs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01244-00345452-00345700 quieter and replaces the need for a hard
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01245-00345701-00345910 drive with media streaming from any
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01246-00345911-00346162 iTunes library on the network along with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01247-00346163-00346387 eight gigabytes of flash memory to cache
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01248-00346388-00346699 media downloaded like the iPad and the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01249-00346700-00347040 iPhone Apple TV runs on an a4 processor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01250-00347041-00347341 the memory included in the device as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01251-00347342-00347644 half of that in the iPhone 4 at 256
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01252-00347645-00347914 megabytes the same as the iPad iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01253-00347915-00348232 3GS third and fourth generation iPod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01254-00348233-00348541 Touch it has HDMI out as the only video
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01255-00348542-00348877 output source features include access to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01256-00348878-00349144 the iTunes Store to rent movies and TV
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01257-00349145-00349387 shows purchasing has been discontinued
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01258-00349388-00349606 streaming from internet video sources
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01259-00349607-00349885 including YouTube and Netflix and media
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01260-00349886-00350203 streaming from an iTunes library Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01261-00350204-00350433 also reduced the price of the device to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01262-00350434-00350851 $99 a third generation of the device was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01263-00350852-00351109 introduced at an Apple event on March 7
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01264-00351110-00351229 2012 with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01265-00351230-00351451 new features such as higher resolution
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01266-00351452-00351841 1080p and a new user interface at the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01267-00351842-00352171 September 9th 2015 event Apple unveiled
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01268-00352172-00352483 an overhauled Apple TV which now runs a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01269-00352484-00352774 variant of Mac OS called TV OS and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01270-00352775-00353134 contains 32 gigabytes or 64 gigabytes of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01271-00353135-00353416 NAND flash to store games programs and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01272-00353417-00353686 to cache the current media playing the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01273-00353687-00353929 release also coincided with the opening
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01274-00353930-00354175 of a separate Apple TV app store and a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01275-00354176-00354400 new Siri remote with a glass touchpad
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01276-00354401-00354742 gyroscope and microphone at the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01277-00354743-00355075 September 12 2017 event Apple released a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01278-00355076-00355345 new 4k Apple TV with the same form
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01279-00355346-00355561 factor as the fourth-generation model
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01280-00355562-00355930 the 4k model is powered by the a 100x
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01281-00355931-00356245 SOC designed in-house that also powers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01282-00356246-00356605 their second generation iPad pro the 4k
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01283-00356606-00356812 model also has support for high dynamic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01284-00356813-00357358 range
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01285-00357359-00357875 topic home pod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01286-00357876-00358157 apples first smart speaker the home pod
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01287-00358158-00358481 was released on February 9th 2018 after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01288-00358482-00358682 being delayed from its initial December
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01289-00358683-00359045 2017 release it also features seven
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01290-00359046-00359282 tweeters in the base a four inch woofer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01291-00359283-00359522 in the top and six microphones for voice
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01292-00359523-00359771 control and acoustic optimization on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01293-00359772-00360083 September 12 2018 Apple announced that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01294-00360084-00360350 home pod is adding new features search
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01295-00360351-00360647 by lyrics set multiple timers make and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01296-00360648-00360929 receive phone calls Find My iPhone Siri
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01297-00360930-00361677 shortcuts and Siri languages
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01298-00361678-00362190 topic software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01299-00362191-00362475 Apple develops its own operating systems
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01300-00362476-00362751 to run on its devices including Mac OS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01301-00362752-00363048 for Mac personal computers iOS for its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01302-00363049-00363324 iPhone iPad and iPod Touch smartphones
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01303-00363325-00363570 and tablets watchos for its Apple watch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01304-00363571-00363900 smartwatches and TV OS for its Apple TV
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01305-00363901-00364173 digital media player for iOS and Mac OS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01306-00364174-00364419 Apple also develops its own software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01307-00364420-00364682 titles including pages for writing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01308-00364683-00364934 numbers for spreadsheets and keynote for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01309-00364935-00365142 presentations as part of its I work
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01310-00365143-00365477 productivity suite for Mac OS it also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01311-00365478-00365769 offers iMovie and Final Cut Pro X for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01312-00365770-00366015 video editing and GarageBand and Logic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01313-00366016-00366294 Pro 10 for music creation Apple's range
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01314-00366295-00366506 of server software includes the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01315-00366507-00366777 operating system Mac OS server apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01316-00366778-00366983 remote desktop a remote systems
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01317-00366984-00367275 management application an X sa n a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01318-00367276-00367559 storage area network file system apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01319-00367560-00367800 also offers online services with iCloud
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01320-00367801-00368046 which provides cloud storage and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01321-00368047-00368279 synchronization for a wide range of user
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01322-00368280-00368571 data including documents photos music
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01323-00368572-00368874 device backups and application data and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01324-00368875-00369101 Apple music it's music and video
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01325-00369102-00369694 streaming service
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01326-00369695-00370276 topic electric vehicles
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01327-00370277-00370456 according to The Sydney Morning Herald
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01328-00370457-00370688 Apple wants to start producing an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01329-00370689-00370927 electric car with autonomous driving as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01330-00370928-00371272 soon as 2020 Apple has made efforts to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01331-00371273-00371494 recruit battery development engineers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01332-00371495-00371722 and other electric automobile engineers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01333-00371723-00372100 from a123 systems LG Chem Samsung
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01334-00372101-00372355 Electronics Panasonic Toshiba
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01335-00372356-00373073 Johnson Controls and Tesla Motors
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01336-00373074-00373640 topic Apple energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01337-00373641-00373913 Apple Energy LLC is a wholly owned
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01338-00373914-00374174 subsidiary of Apple Inc that sells solar
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01339-00374175-00374618 energy as of June 6 2016 apples solar
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01340-00374619-00374882 farms in California and Nevada have been
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01341-00374883-00375050 declared to provide two hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01342-00375051-00375260 seventeen point nine megawatts of solar
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01343-00375261-00375602 generation capacity in addition to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01344-00375603-00375851 company's solar energy production Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01345-00375852-00376070 has received regulatory approval to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01346-00376071-00376328 construct a landfill gas energy plant in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01347-00376329-00376607 North Carolina Apple will use the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01348-00376608-00376772 methane emissions to generate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01349-00376773-00376850 electricity
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01350-00376851-00377132 Apple's North Carolina data center is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01351-00377133-00377354 already powered entirely with energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01352-00377355-00378004 from renewable sources
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01353-00378005-00378420 topic corporate identity
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01354-00378421-00378606 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01355-00378607-00378932 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01356-00378933-00379446 topic logo
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01357-00379447-00379701 according to Steve Jobs the company's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01358-00379702-00379938 name was inspired by his visit to an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01359-00379939-00380189 apple farm while on a fruitarian diet
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01360-00380190-00380627 Jobs thought the name Apple was fun
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01361-00380628-00380979 spirited and not intimidating Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01362-00380980-00381282 first logo designed by Ron Wayne depict
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01363-00381283-00381492 Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01364-00381493-00381813 tree it was almost immediately replaced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01365-00381814-00382155 by Rob John offs rainbow apple the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01366-00382156-00382383 now-familiar rainbow colored silhouette
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01367-00382384-00382631 of an apple with a bite taken out of it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01368-00382632-00382905 jennife presented jobs with several
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01369-00382906-00383108 different monochromatic themes for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01370-00383109-00383472 bitten logo and jobs immediately took a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01371-00383473-00383769 liking to it however Jobs insisted that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01372-00383770-00384012 the logo be colorized to humanize the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01373-00384013-00384294 company the logo was designed with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01374-00384295-00384480 bite so that it would not be confused
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01375-00384481-00384768 with a cherry the colored stripes were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01376-00384769-00384942 conceived to make the logo more
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01377-00384943-00385173 accessible and to represent the fact the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01378-00385174-00385421 Apple 2 could generate graphics in color
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01379-00385422-00385725 this logo is often erroneously referred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01380-00385726-00385989 to as a tribute to Alan Turing with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01381-00385990-00386193 bite mark a reference to his method of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01382-00386194-00386553 suicide both jenoff and Apple deny any
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01383-00386554-00386766 homage to Turing in the design of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01384-00386767-00387129 logo on August 27 1999 the year
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01385-00387130-00387327 following the introduction of the iMac
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01386-00387328-00387608 g3 Apple officially dropped the rainbow
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01387-00387609-00387798 scheme and began to use monochromatic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01388-00387799-00388085 logos nearly identical in shape to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01389-00388086-00388389 previous rainbow incarnation an aqua
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01390-00388390-00388602 themed version of the monochrome logo
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01391-00388603-00388998 was used from 1998 to 2003 and a glass
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01392-00388999-00389313 themed version was used from 2007 to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01393-00389314-00389657 2013 Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01394-00389658-00389931 beatles fans but Apple Inc had name and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01395-00389932-00390168 logo trademark issues with apple core
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01396-00390169-00390429 limited a multimedia company started by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01397-00390430-00390828 the Beatles in 1967 this resulted in a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01398-00390829-00391032 series of lawsuits and tension between
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01399-00391033-00391338 the two companies these issues ended
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01400-00391339-00391532 with the settling of their lawsuit in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01401-00391533-00392119 2007
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01402-00392120-00392645 topic advertising
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01403-00392646-00392956 apples first slogan bite into an apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01404-00392957-00393437 was coined in the late 1970s from 1997
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01405-00393438-00393863 to 2002 the slogan think different was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01406-00393864-00394103 used in advertising campaigns and is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01407-00394104-00394335 still closely associated with Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01408-00394336-00394640 apple also has slogans for specific
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01409-00394641-00394907 product lines for example I think
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01410-00394908-00395327 therefore iMac was used in 1998 to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01411-00395328-00395648 promote the iMac and say hello to iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01412-00395649-00395957 has been used in iPhone advertisements
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01413-00395958-00396290 hello was also used to introduce the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01414-00396291-00396614 original Macintosh Newton iMac hello
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01415-00396615-00396934 again an iPod from the introduction of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01416-00396935-00397295 the Macintosh in 1984 with the 1984
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01417-00397296-00397517 Superbowl commercial to the more modern
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01418-00397518-00397732 get a Mac adverts Apple has been
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01419-00397733-00397946 recognized for its efforts towards
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01420-00397947-00398174 effective advertising and marketing for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01421-00398175-00398477 its products however claims made by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01422-00398478-00398695 later campaigns were criticized
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01423-00398696-00399052 particularly the 2005 Power Mac ads
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01424-00399053-00399334 apples product commercials gained a lot
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01425-00399335-00399506 of attention as a result of their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01426-00399507-00399790 eye-popping graphics and catchy tunes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01427-00399791-00400049 musicians who benefited from an improved
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01428-00400050-00400295 profile as a result of their songs being
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01429-00400296-00400526 included on Apple commercials include
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01430-00400527-00400895 Canadian singer Feist with the song 1234
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01431-00400896-00401259 and Yael Naeem with the song new soul
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01432-00401260-00401537 Apple owns a YouTube channel where they
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01433-00401538-00401753 release advertisements tips and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01434-00401754-00402427 introductions for their devices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01435-00402428-00402973 topic brand loyalty
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01436-00402974-00403240 Apple customers gained a reputation for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01437-00403241-00403459 devotion and loyalty early in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01438-00403460-00403855 company's history bite in 1984 stated
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01439-00403856-00404146 that there are two kinds of people in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01440-00404147-00404359 the world people who say Apple isn't
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01441-00404360-00404620 just a company it's a cause and people
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01442-00404621-00404869 who say Apple isn't a cause it's just a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01443-00404870-00405226 company both groups are right nature has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01444-00405227-00405370 suspended the principle of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01445-00405371-00405562 non-contradiction where Apple is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01446-00405563-00405892 concerned Apple is more than just a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01447-00405893-00406110 company because its founding has some of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01448-00406111-00406504 the qualities of myth Apple has two guys
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01449-00406505-00406738 in a garage undertaking the mission of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01450-00406739-00406966 bringing computing power once reserved
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01451-00406967-00407182 for big corporations to ordinary
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01452-00407183-00407506 individuals with ordinary budgets the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01453-00407507-00407722 company's growth from two guys to a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01454-00407723-00407974 billion-dollar corporation exemplifies
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01455-00407975-00408265 the American Dream even as a large
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01456-00408266-00408556 corporation Apple plays David to IBM's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01457-00408557-00408769 Goliath and thus has the sympathetic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01458-00408770-00409141 role in that myth Apple evangelists were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01459-00409142-00409366 actively engaged by the company at one
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01460-00409367-00409594 time but this was after the phenomenon
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01461-00409595-00409835 had already been firmly established
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01462-00409837-00410176 Apple evangelist Guy Kawasaki has called
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01463-00410177-00410449 the brand fanaticism something that was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01464-00410450-00410760 stumbled upon while I've explained in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01465-00410762-00411072 2014 that people have an incredibly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01466-00411074-00411370 personal relationship with Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01467-00411371-00411646 products Apple store openings and new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01468-00411647-00411859 product releases can draw crowds of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01469-00411860-00412063 hundreds with some waiting in line as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01470-00412064-00412345 much as a day before the opening the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01471-00412346-00412567 opening of New York City's Fifth Avenue
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01472-00412568-00412987 Cube store in 2006 became the setting of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01473-00412988-00413191 a marriage proposal and had visitors
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01474-00413192-00413497 from Europe who flew in for the event in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01475-00413497-00413812 June 2017 a newlywed couple took their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01476-00413813-00414001 wedding photos inside the then recently
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01477-00414002-00414243 opened Orchard Road Apple Store in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01478-00414245-00414505 Singapore the high level of brand
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01479-00414506-00414721 loyalty has been criticized and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01480-00414722-00414991 ridiculed applying the epithet Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01481-00414992-00415251 fanboy and mocking the lengthy lines
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01482-00415252-00415534 before a product launch an internal memo
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01483-00415535-00415720 leaked in 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01484-00415721-00415939 suggested the company plan to discourage
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01485-00415939-00416176 long lines and direct customers to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01486-00416177-00416349 purchase its products on its web
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01487-00416350-00416599 cite fortune magazine named Apple the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01488-00416600-00416802 most admired company in the United
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01489-00416803-00417081 States in 2008 and in the world from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01490-00417082-00417520 2008 to 2012 on September 30th 2013
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01491-00417521-00417831 Apple surpassed coca-cola to become the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01492-00417832-00418041 world's most valuable brand in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01493-00418042-00418337 Omnicom group's Best Global Brands
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01494-00418338-00418645 Report Boston Consulting Group has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01495-00418646-00418797 ranked Apple as the world's most
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01496-00418798-00419112 innovative brand every year since 2005
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01497-00419113-00419449 the New York Times in 1985 stated that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01498-00419450-00419733 Apple above all else as a marketing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01499-00419734-00420085 company John Sculley agreed telling The
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01500-00420085-00420450 Guardian newspaper in 1997 that people
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01501-00420451-00420712 talk about technology but Apple was a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01502-00420713-00420987 marketing company it was the marketing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01503-00420988-00421372 company of the decade research in 2002
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01504-00421372-00421587 by net ratings indicate that the average
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01505-00421588-00421879 Apple consumer was usually more affluent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01506-00421880-00422091 and better educated than other PC
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01507-00422092-00422422 company consumers the research indicated
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01508-00422422-00422616 that this correlation could stem from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01509-00422617-00422812 the fact that on average Apple Inc
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01510-00422813-00423018 products were more expensive than other
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01511-00423019-00423297 PC products in response to a query about
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01512-00423298-00423541 the devotion of loyal Apple consumers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01513-00423542-00423897 Jonathan Ive responded what people are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01514-00423898-00424099 responding to is much bigger than the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01515-00424100-00424387 object they are responding to something
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01516-00424388-00424675 rare a group of people who do more than
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01517-00424676-00424891 simply make something work they make the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01518-00424892-00425114 very best products they possibly can
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01519-00425115-00425362 it's a demonstration against
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01520-00425363-00425980 thoughtlessness and carelessness
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01521-00425981-00426497 topic homepage
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01522-00426497-00426788 the Apple website homepage has been used
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01523-00426789-00426992 to commemorate or pay tribute to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01524-00426993-00427243 milestones and events outside of apples
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01525-00427245-00427643 product offerings 2018 Martin Luther
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01526-00427643-00428193 King jr. 2017 Martin Luther King jr.
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01527-00428195-00428747 2016 Muhammad Ali 2016 Bill Campbell
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01528-00428747-00429182 board member and friend 2016 Martin
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01529-00429183-00429842 Luther King jr. 2014 Robin Williams 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01530-00429843-00430316 Martin Luther King jr. 2013 Nelson
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01531-00430317-00431059 Mandela 2012 Steve Jobs 2011 Steve Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01532-00431060-00431720 2010 Jerome B York board member 2007 Al
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01533-00431721-00431993 Gore board member in honor of his Nobel
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01534-00431993-00432668 Peace Prize 2005 Rosa Parks 2003 Gregory
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01535-00432668-00433468 Hines 2001 George Harrison
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01536-00433468-00433996 topic headquarters
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01537-00433997-00434218 Apple Inc's world corporate headquarters
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01538-00434218-00434458 are located in the middle of Silicon
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01539-00434459-00434683 Valley at one to six infinite loop
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01540-00434684-00435043 Cupertino California this Apple campus
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01541-00435043-00435360 has six buildings that total 850,000
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01542-00435362-00435649 square feet 79 thousand square meters
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01543-00435650-00435939 and was built in 1993 by Sobrato
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01544-00435941-00436183 development cuz Apple has a satellite
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01545-00436184-00436363 campus in neighboring Sunnyvale
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01546-00436364-00436612 California where it houses a testing and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01547-00436613-00436888 research laboratory Apple Insider
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01548-00436889-00437203 published article in March 2014 claiming
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01549-00437204-00437356 that Apple has a tucked away a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01550-00437357-00437620 top-secret facility where is developing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01551-00437621-00437872 the sg5 electric vehicle project
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01552-00437872-00438202 codenamed Titan under the shell company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01553-00438203-00438639 named 68 research in 2006 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01554-00438641-00438838 announced its intention to build a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01555-00438839-00439108 second campus in Cupertino about 1 mile
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01556-00439109-00439396 1.6 kilometers east of the current
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01557-00439397-00439717 campus and next to interstate 280 the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01558-00439718-00439942 new campus building has been designed by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01559-00439943-00440257 Norman Foster the Cupertino City Council
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01560-00440258-00440596 approved the proposed spaceship design
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01561-00440597-00440878 campus on October 15 2013
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01562-00440879-00441154 after a 2011 presentation by Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01563-00441155-00441391 detailing the architectural design of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01564-00441392-00441667 the new building and its environs the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01565-00441668-00441864 new campus is planned to house up to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01566-00441864-00442171 13,000 employees in one central four
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01567-00442172-00442417 storied circular building surrounded by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01568-00442418-00442702 extensive landscape it will feature a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01569-00442703-00442984 cafe with room for 3,000 sitting people
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01570-00442985-00443218 and parking underground as well as in a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01571-00443218-00443578 parking structure the 2.8 million square
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01572-00443579-00443839 foot facility will also include jobs as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01573-00443839-00444055 original designs for a fitness center
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01574-00444056-00444382 and a corporate auditorium Apple has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01575-00444383-00444607 expanded its campuses in Austin Texas
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01576-00444608-00444868 concurrently with building Apple Park in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01577-00444868-00445213 Cupertino the expansion consists of two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01578-00445214-00445492 locations with one having 1.1 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01579-00445493-00445717 square feet of work space and the other
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01580-00445718-00445983 200 16,000 square feet
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01581-00445984-00446287 Apple will invest 1 billion dollars to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01582-00446288-00446568 build the North Austin campus at the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01583-00446570-00446887 biggest location 6,000 employees work on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01584-00446888-00447130 technical support manage apples network
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01585-00447131-00447372 of suppliers to fulfill product ship
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01586-00447373-00447625 aid in maintaining iTunes Store and App
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01587-00447626-00447885 Store handle economy and continuously
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01588-00447886-00448206 update Apple maps with new data at its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01589-00448207-00448497 smaller campus 500 engineers work on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01590-00448498-00448743 next-generation processor chips to run
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01591-00448744-00448954 in future Apple products Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01592-00448955-00449133 headquarters for Europe the Middle East
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01593-00449134-00449322 in Africa EMEA
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01594-00449323-00449556 are located in Cork in the south of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01595-00449557-00449868 Ireland the facility which opened in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01596-00449869-00450141 1980 was Apple's first location outside
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01597-00450142-00450441 of the United States Apple sales
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01598-00450442-00450679 international which deals with all of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01599-00450680-00450918 Apple's international sales outside of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01600-00450919-00451183 the u.s. is located at Apple's campus in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01601-00451184-00451389 Cork along with Apple distribution
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01602-00451390-00451623 international which similarly deals with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01603-00451624-00451770 Apple's international distribution
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01604-00451771-00452200 network on April 20th 2012 Apple added
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01605-00452201-00452448 500 new jobs at its European
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01606-00452449-00452641 headquarters increasing the total
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01607-00452642-00453052 workforce from around 2,800 to 3,300
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01608-00453053-00453339 employees the company will build a new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01609-00453340-00453585 office block on its Holly Hill campus to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01610-00453586-00453858 accommodate the additional staff its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01611-00453859-00454060 United Kingdom headquarters as at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01612-00454060-00454296 Stockley Park on the outskirts of London
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01613-00454297-00454652 in February 2015 Apple opened their new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01614-00454653-00454906 180,000 square foot headquarters in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01615-00454907-00455139 Herzliya Israel which will accommodate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01616-00455139-00455520 approximately 800 employees this opening
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01617-00455521-00455733 was Apple's third office located within
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01618-00455734-00456021 Israel the first also in Herzliya was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01619-00456022-00456181 obtained as part of the ANA bid
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01620-00456182-00456391 acquisition and the other as a research
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01621-00456392-00456723 center in Haifa in December 2015 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01622-00456724-00456931 bought the 70,000 square foot
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01623-00456932-00457200 manufacturing facility in North San Jose
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01624-00457201-00457470 previously used by maksim integrated in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01625-00457471-00457635 an eighteen point two million dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01626-00457636-00458202 deal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01627-00458203-00458695 topic stores
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01628-00458696-00458957 the first Apple stores were originally
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01629-00458958-00459275 opened as two locations in May 2001 by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01630-00459276-00459452 then CEO Steve Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01631-00459453-00459653 after years of attempting but failing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01632-00459654-00460004 store within a store concepts seeing a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01633-00460005-00460250 need for improved retail presentation of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01634-00460251-00460447 the company's products he began an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01635-00460448-00460745 effort in 1997 to revamp the retail
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01636-00460746-00460979 program to get an improved relationship
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01637-00460980-00461231 to consumers and hired Ron Johnson in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01638-00461232-00461572 2000 Jobs relaunched Apple's online
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01639-00461573-00461903 store in 1997 and opened the first two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01640-00461904-00462287 physical stores in 2001 despite initial
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01641-00462288-00462514 media speculation that Apple would fail
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01642-00462516-00462782 its stores were highly successful by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01643-00462783-00462985 passing the sales numbers of competing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01644-00462987-00463210 nearby stores and within three years
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01645-00463212-00463427 reached 1 billion dollars in annual
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01646-00463428-00463688 sales becoming the fastest retailer in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01647-00463689-00463976 history to do so over the years
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01648-00463977-00464207 Apple has expanded the number of retail
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01649-00464208-00464450 locations and its geographical coverage
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01650-00464451-00464797 with 499 stores across 22 countries
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01651-00464798-00465172 worldwide as of December 2017 strong
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01652-00465173-00465397 product sales have placed Apple among
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01653-00465398-00465632 the top tier retail stores with sales
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01654-00465633-00465980 over 16 billion dollars globally in 2011
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01655-00465981-00466118 in May 2016
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01656-00466118-00466370 Angela Arendt's Apple's current senior
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01657-00466371-00466601 vice president of retail unveiled a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01658-00466602-00466847 significantly redesigned Apple store in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01659-00466847-00466928 Union Square
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01660-00466929-00467189 San Francisco featuring large glass
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01661-00467189-00467441 doors for the entry open spaces and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01662-00467442-00467714 rebranded rooms in addition to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01663-00467714-00467947 purchasing products consumers can get
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01664-00467948-00468268 advice and help from creative pros
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01665-00468268-00468491 individuals with specialized knowledge
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01666-00468492-00468776 of creative arts get product support in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01667-00468777-00469013 a tree line genius growth and attend
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01668-00469014-00469241 sessions conferences and community
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01669-00469242-00469454 events with Arendt's commenting that the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01670-00469455-00469709 goal is to make Apple stores into town
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01671-00469710-00470003 squares a place where people naturally
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01672-00470004-00470300 meet up and spend time the new design
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01673-00470301-00470497 will be applied to all Apple stores
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01674-00470498-00470768 worldwide a process that has seen stores
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01675-00470768-00471070 temporarily relocate or close many Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01676-00471071-00471305 stores are located inside shopping malls
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01677-00471306-00471559 but Apple has built several standalone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01678-00471560-00471863 flagship stores in high-profile
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01679-00471864-00471985 locations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01680-00471985-00472213 it has been granted design patents and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01681-00472214-00472422 received architectural awards for its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01682-00472424-00472596 stores designs and construction
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01683-00472597-00472816 specifically for its use of glass
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01684-00472817-00473137 staircases and cubes the success of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01685-00473138-00473347 Apple stores have had significant
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01686-00473347-00473527 influence over other consumer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01687-00473528-00473734 electronics retailers who have lost
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01688-00473735-00473985 traffic control and profits due to a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01689-00473987-00474217 perceived higher quality of service and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01690-00474218-00474550 products at Apple stores Apple's notable
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01691-00474551-00474805 brand loyalty among consumers causes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01692-00474806-00475024 long lines of hundreds of people at new
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01693-00475025-00475284 Apple Store openings or product releases
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01694-00475285-00475614 due to the popularity of the brand Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01695-00475616-00475792 receives a large number of job
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01696-00475793-00476026 applications many of which come from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01697-00476027-00476289 young workers although Apple store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01698-00476291-00476542 employees receive above-average pay are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01699-00476543-00476760 offered money toward education and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01700-00476762-00476938 health care and receive product
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01701-00476939-00477166 discounts there are limited or no paths
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01702-00477167-00477547 of career advancement a May 2016 report
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01703-00477547-00477733 with an anonymous retail employee
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01704-00477734-00477910 highlighted a hostile work environment
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01705-00477910-00478197 with harassment from customers intense
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01706-00478199-00478384 internal criticism and a lack of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01707-00478385-00478635 significant bonuses for securing major
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01708-00478637-00479456 business contracts Apple stores
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01709-00479457-00479867 topic corporate affairs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01710-00479868-00480051 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01711-00480052-00480377 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01712-00480378-00480928 topic corporate culture
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01713-00480929-00481156 Apple was one of several highly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01714-00481157-00481359 successful companies founded in the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01715-00481360-00481588 1970s that bucked the traditional
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01716-00481589-00481909 notions of corporate culture jobs often
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01717-00481910-00482119 walked around the office barefoot even
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01718-00482120-00482425 after Apple became a fortune 500 company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01719-00482426-00482890 by the time of the 1984 television
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01720-00482891-00483127 commercial apples informal culture had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01721-00483128-00483328 become a key trait that differentiated
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01722-00483329-00483619 it from its competitors according to a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01723-00483620-00483898 2011 report in Fortune this has resulted
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01724-00483899-00484144 in a corporate culture more akin to a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01725-00484145-00484327 start-up rather than a multinational
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01726-00484328-00484618 corporation as the company has grown and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01727-00484619-00484801 been led by a series of differently
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01728-00484802-00485038 opinionated chief executives it has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01729-00485039-00485236 arguably lost some of its original
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01730-00485237-00485539 character nonetheless it has maintained
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01731-00485540-00485764 a reputation for fostering individuality
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01732-00485765-00486034 and excellence that reliably attracts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01733-00486035-00486301 talented workers particularly after Jobs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01734-00486302-00486604 returned to the company numerous Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01735-00486605-00486823 employees have stated that projects
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01736-00486824-00487036 without jobs as involvement often took
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01737-00487037-00487219 longer than projects with it to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01738-00487220-00487417 recognize the best of its employees
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01739-00487418-00487675 Apple created the Apple Fellows Program
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01740-00487676-00487873 which Awards individuals who make
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01741-00487874-00488082 extraordinary technical or leadership
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01742-00488083-00488308 contributions to personal computing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01743-00488309-00488539 while at the company the Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01744-00488540-00488770 Fellowship has so far been awarded to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01745-00488771-00488952 individuals including Bill Atkinson
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01746-00488953-00489313 Steve Capps rod Holt Allen K Guy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01747-00489314-00489514 Kawasaki al Alcorn
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01748-00489515-00489786 Don Norman rich Paige and Steve Wozniak
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01749-00489787-00490183 at Apple employees are specialists who
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01750-00490184-00490369 are not exposed to functions outside
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01751-00490370-00490741 their area of expertise Jobs saw this as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01752-00490742-00491016 a means of having best-in-class
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01753-00491017-00491347 employees in every role for instance Ron
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01754-00491348-00491641 Johnson senior vice president of retail
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01755-00491642-00492031 operations until November 1st 2011 was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01756-00492032-00492280 responsible for site selection in-store
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01757-00492281-00492517 service and store layout yet had no
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01758-00492518-00492733 control of the inventory in his stores
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01759-00492734-00492931 this was done by cook who had a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01760-00492932-00493185 background in supply chain management
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01761-00493186-00493438 Apple is also known for strictly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01762-00493439-00493687 enforcing accountability each project
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01763-00493688-00494086 has a directly responsible individual or
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01764-00494087-00494214 dry
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01765-00494214-00494543 in Apple jargon as an example when iOS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01766-00494545-00494766 senior vice president Scott Forstall
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01767-00494767-00495006 refused to sign apple's official apology
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01768-00495007-00495237 for numerous errors in the redesigned
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01769-00495238-00495479 Maps app he was forced to resign
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01770-00495480-00495804 unlike other major US companies Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01771-00495805-00495962 provides a relatively simple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01772-00495963-00496242 compensation policy for executives that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01773-00496243-00496467 does not include perks enjoyed by other
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01774-00496468-00496743 CEOs like Country Club fees or private
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01775-00496743-00497039 use of company aircraft the company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01776-00497041-00497253 typically grants stock options to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01777-00497254-00497510 executives every other year in 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01778-00497512-00497891 Apple had 110,000 full-time employees
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01779-00497892-00498171 this increased to one hundred sixteen
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01780-00498172-00498405 thousand full-time employees the next
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01781-00498406-00498660 year a notable hiring decrease largely
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01782-00498660-00498984 due to its first revenue decline Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01783-00498985-00499167 does not specify how many of its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01784-00499168-00499449 employees work in retail though its 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01785-00499450-00499664 SEC filing put the number at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01786-00499666-00499913 approximately half of its employee base
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01787-00499914-00500301 in September 2017 Apple announced that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01788-00500302-00500559 it had over 123 thousand full-time
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01789-00500560-00500835 employees Apple has a strong culture of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01790-00500835-00501068 corporate secrecy and has an anti leaked
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01791-00501070-00501312 global security team that recruits from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01792-00501313-00501572 the National Security Agency the Federal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01793-00501574-00501807 Bureau of Investigation and the United
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01794-00501808-00502104 States Secret Service in December 2017
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01795-00502105-00502371 glass door named Facebook the best place
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01796-00502372-00502568 to work according to reviews from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01797-00502570-00502803 anonymous employees with Apple dropping
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01798-00502804-00503049 to 48th place having originally entered
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01799-00503050-00503451 at rank 19 in 2009 peaking at Rank 10 in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01800-00503452-00503697 2012 and falling down the ranks in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01801-00503697-00504250 subsequent years
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01802-00504251-00504793 topic lack of innovation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01803-00504793-00505060 an editorial article in The Verge in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01804-00505060-00505372 September 2016 by technology journalist
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01805-00505372-00505564 Thomas Ricker explored some of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01806-00505564-00505795 public's perceived lack of innovation at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01807-00505796-00506032 Apple in recent years specifically
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01808-00506033-00506295 stating that Samsung has matched and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01809-00506296-00506527 even surpassed Apple in terms of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01810-00506528-00506863 smartphone industrial design and citing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01811-00506864-00507058 the belief that Apple is incapable of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01812-00507059-00507280 producing another breakthrough moment in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01813-00507281-00507597 technology with its products he goes on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01814-00507598-00507820 to write that the criticism focuses on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01815-00507821-00508039 individual pieces of hardware rather
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01816-00508039-00508279 than the ecosystem as a whole stating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01817-00508280-00508630 yes iteration is boring but it's also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01818-00508631-00508964 how Apple does business
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01819-00508966-00509262 it enters a new market and then refines
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01820-00509263-00509574 and refines and continues refining until
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01821-00509575-00509937 it yields a success he acknowledges that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01822-00509938-00510201 people are wishing for the excitement of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01823-00510202-00510489 revolution but argues that people want
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01824-00510489-00510806 the comfort that comes with harmony
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01825-00510807-00511131 furthermore he writes that a device is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01826-00511132-00511374 only the starting point of an experience
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01827-00511375-00511597 that will ultimately be ruled by the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01828-00511599-00511907 ecosystem in which it was spawned
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01829-00511908-00512133 referring to how decent hardware
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01830-00512134-00512370 products can still fail without a proper
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01831-00512371-00512616 eco system specifically mentioning that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01832-00512617-00512841 what man didn't have an eco system to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01833-00512842-00513051 keep users from leaving once something
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01834-00513052-00513291 better came along but how Apple devices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01835-00513292-00513528 in different hardware segments are able
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01836-00513529-00513750 to communicate and cooperate through the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01837-00513751-00513963 iCloud cloud service with features
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01838-00513964-00514197 including universal clipboard in which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01839-00514197-00514470 text copied on one device can be pasted
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01840-00514471-00514641 on a different device as well as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01841-00514642-00514833 interconnected device functionality
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01842-00514834-00515114 including Auto unlock in which an Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01843-00515116-00515307 watch can unlock a Mac in close
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01844-00515308-00515382 proximity
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01845-00515383-00515700 he argues that Apple's ecosystem as its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01846-00515701-00515874 greatest innovation The Wall Street
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01847-00515875-00516189 Journal reported in June 2017 that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01848-00516189-00516432 Apple's increased reliance on Siri it's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01849-00516433-00516660 virtual personal assistant has raised
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01850-00516660-00516872 questions about how much Apple can
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01851-00516874-00517050 actually accomplish in terms of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01852-00517051-00517343 functionality whereas Google and Amazon
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01853-00517345-00517608 make use of big data and analyze
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01854-00517609-00517787 customer information to personalize
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01855-00517788-00518097 results Apple has a strong Pro privacy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01856-00518097-00518339 stance intentionally not retaining user
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01857-00518341-00518652 data Siri as a textbook of leading on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01858-00518653-00518874 something in tech and then losing an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01859-00518875-00519089 edge despite having all the money and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01860-00519091-00519418 the talent and sitting in Silicon Valley
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01861-00519420-00519743 Holger Muller a technology analyst told
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01862-00519745-00519993 the journal the report further claims
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01863-00519993-00520212 that development on Siri has suffered
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01864-00520213-00520437 due to team members and executives
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01865-00520438-00520650 leaving the company for competitors a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01866-00520651-00520875 lack of ambitious goals and shifting
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01867-00520876-00520979 strategies
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01868-00520980-00521256 despite switching series functions to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01869-00521257-00521463 machine learning and algorithms which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01870-00521464-00521664 dramatically cut its error rate the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01871-00521664-00521862 company reportedly still failed to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01872-00521863-00522102 anticipate the popularity of Amazon's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01873-00522103-00522333 echo which features the Alexa
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01874-00522334-00522657 assistant improvements to Siri stalled
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01875-00522658-00522870 executives clashed and there were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01876-00522871-00523058 disagreements over the restrictions
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01877-00523059-00523307 imposed on third-party app interactions
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01878-00523308-00523578 while Apple acquired an England based
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01879-00523579-00523839 startup specializing in conversational
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01880-00523839-00524043 assistance Google's assistant had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01881-00524043-00524243 already become capable of helping users
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01882-00524244-00524541 select Wi-Fi networks by voice and Siri
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01883-00524542-00524789 was lagging in functionality in December
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01884-00524790-00525075 2017 two articles from the verge and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01885-00525076-00525266 ZDNet debated what had been a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01886-00525267-00525477 particularly devastating week for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01887-00525478-00525691 Apple's Mac OS and iOS software
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01888-00525692-00526047 platforms the former had experienced a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01889-00526048-00526287 severe security vulnerability in which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01890-00526288-00526500 Mac's running the then latest Mac OS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01891-00526501-00526733 High Sierra software were vulnerable to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01892-00526734-00526970 a bug that let anyone gain administrator
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01893-00526971-00527268 privileges by entering root as the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01894-00527269-00527522 username in system prompts leaving the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01895-00527523-00527760 password field empty and twice clicking
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01896-00527761-00528143 unlock gaining full access the bug was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01897-00528144-00528362 publicly disclosed on Twitter rather
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01898-00528363-00528629 than through proper bug bounty programs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01899-00528630-00528927 Apple released a security fix within a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01900-00528928-00529199 day and issued an apology stating that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01901-00529200-00529533 regrettably we stumbled in regards to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01902-00529534-00529782 the security of the latest updates after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01903-00529783-00530010 installing the security patch
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01904-00530011-00530232 however file sharing was broken for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01905-00530233-00530451 users with Apple releasing a support
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01906-00530452-00530670 document with instructions to separately
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01907-00530671-00530982 fix that issue despite its promise of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01908-00530983-00531260 auditing our development processes to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01909-00531261-00531512 help prevent this from happening again
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01910-00531513-00531804 users who installed the security update
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01911-00531805-00532164 while running the older 10.1 3.0 version
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01912-00532165-00532374 of the high sierra operating system
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01913-00532375-00532680 rather than the then newest 10.1 3.1
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01914-00532681-00532955 release experienced that the root
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01915-00532956-00533205 security vulnerability was reintroduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01916-00533206-00533489 and persisted even after fully updating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01917-00533490-00533864 their systems on iOS a date bug caused
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01918-00533865-00534137 iOS devices that received local app
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01919-00534138-00534462 notifications at 12:15 a.m. on December
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01920-00534463-00534882 2nd 2017 to repeatedly restart users
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01921-00534883-00535026 were recommended to turn off
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01922-00535027-00535289 notifications for their apps Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01923-00535290-00535506 quickly released an update done during
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01924-00535507-00535728 the night time in Cupertino California
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01925-00535729-00535911 a time and outside of their usual
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01926-00535912-00536136 software release window with one of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01927-00536137-00536310 headlining features of the update
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01928-00536311-00536613 needing to be delayed for a few days the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01929-00536614-00536814 combined problems of the week on both
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01930-00536815-00537108 Mac OS and iOS caused the Verge's Tom
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01931-00537109-00537435 Warren to call ADA nightmare for Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01932-00537436-00537681 software engineers and described it as a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01933-00537682-00537936 significant lapse in Apple's ability to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01934-00537937-00538205 protect its more than 1 billion devices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01935-00538206-00538509 ZDNet Adrienne Kingsley Hughes wrote
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01936-00538510-00538776 that it's hard to not come away from the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01937-00538777-00539019 last week with the feeling that Apple is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01938-00539020-00539418 slipping Kingsly Hughes also concluded
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01939-00539419-00539628 his piece by referencing an earlier
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01940-00539629-00539907 article in which he wrote that as much
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01941-00539908-00540102 as I don't want to bring up the tired
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01942-00540103-00540450 old Apple wouldn't have done this under
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01943-00540451-00540756 Steve Jobs watch trope a lot of what's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01944-00540757-00540996 happening at Apple lately is different
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01945-00540997-00541221 from what the sick came to expect under
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01946-00541222-00541578 Jobs not to say that things didn't go
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01947-00541579-00541793 wrong under his watch but product
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01948-00541794-00542034 announcements and launches felt a lot
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01949-00542035-00542271 tighter for sure as did the overall
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01950-00542272-00542643 quality of what Apple was releasing he
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01951-00542644-00542877 did however also acknowledge that such
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01952-00542878-00543207 failures may indeed have happened with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01953-00543208-00543438 jobs in charge though returning to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01954-00543439-00543714 previous praise for jobs quality stating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01955-00543715-00543963 it's almost guaranteed that given his
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01956-00543964-00544191 personality that heads would have rolled
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01957-00544192-00544554 which limits future failures
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01958-00544555-00544966 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01959-00544967-00545260 topic manufacturing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01960-00545261-00545513 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01961-00545514-00545783 the company's manufacturing procurement
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01962-00545784-00545985 and logistics enable it to execute
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01963-00545986-00546221 massive product launches without having
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01964-00546222-00546419 to maintain large profit sapping
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01965-00546420-00546779 inventories in 2011 Apple's profit
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01966-00546780-00547061 margins were 40% compared with between
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01967-00547062-00547262 10 and 20 percent for most other
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01968-00547263-00547575 hardware companies cooks catchphrase to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01969-00547576-00547766 describe his focus on the company's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01970-00547767-00548069 operational armas nobody wants to buy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01971-00548070-00548396 sour milk during the Mac's early history
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01972-00548397-00548610 Apple generally refused to adopt
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01973-00548611-00548798 prevailing industry standards for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01974-00548799-00549131 hardware instead creating their own this
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01975-00549132-00549340 trend was largely reversed in the late
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01976-00549341-00549633 1990s beginning with Apple's adoption of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01977-00549634-00550235 the PCI bus in the 7,500 8,500 9500
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01978-00550236-00550358 PowerMax
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01979-00550359-00550592 Apple has since joined the industry
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01980-00550593-00550827 standards groups to influence the future
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01981-00550828-00551079 direction of technology standards such
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01982-00551080-00551564 as USB AGP hyper transport Wi-Fi nvme
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01983-00551565-00551981 PCIe and others in its products firewire
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01984-00551982-00552242 as an Apple originated standard that was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01985-00552243-00552483 widely adopted across the industry after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01986-00552484-00552800 it was standardized as I Triple E 13 94
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01987-00552801-00553050 and as a legally mandated port in all
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01988-00553051-00553335 cable TV boxes in the United States
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01989-00553336-00553581 Apple has gradually expanded its efforts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01990-00553582-00553787 in getting its products into the Indian
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01991-00553788-00554171 market in July 2012 during a conference
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01992-00554172-00554475 call with investors CEO Tim Cook said
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01993-00554476-00554802 that he loves India but that Apple saw
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01994-00554803-00555054 larger opportunities outside the region
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01995-00555055-00555381 India's requirement that 30% of product
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01996-00555382-00555633 sold be manufactured in the country was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01997-00555634-00555923 described as really adds cost to getting
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01998-00555924-00556318 product to market in October 2013
+cqS0GNkJXEc-01999-00556319-00556616 Indianapolis ecute availed a plan for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02000-00556617-00556802 selling devices through installment
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02001-00556803-00557054 plans and store within a store concepts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02002-00557055-00557285 in an effort to expand further into the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02003-00557286-00557531 market the news followed cooks
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02004-00557532-00557729 acknowledgment of the country in July
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02005-00557730-00557969 when sales results showed that iPhone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02006-00557970-00558275 sales in India grew 400% during the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02007-00558276-00558725 second quarter of 2013 in March 2016 The
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02008-00558726-00558870 Times of India report
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02009-00558871-00559042 that Apple had sought permission from
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02010-00559043-00559213 the Indian government to sell
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02011-00559214-00559405 refurbished iPhones in the country
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02012-00559406-00559756 however two months later the application
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02013-00559757-00559966 was rejected citing official country
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02014-00559967-00560413 policy in May 2016 Apple opened an iOS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02015-00560414-00560670 app development center in Bangalore in a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02016-00560671-00560943 Maps development office for 4,000 staff
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02017-00560944-00561388 in Hyderabad in February 2017 Apple once
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02018-00561389-00561610 again requested permission to sell used
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02019-00561611-00561925 iPhones in the country the same month
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02020-00561926-00562138 bloomberg reported that Apple was close
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02021-00562139-00562333 to receiving permission to open its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02022-00562334-00562561 first retail store in the country in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02023-00562562-00562855 March The Wall Street Journal reported
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02024-00562856-00562989 that Apple would begin manufacturing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02025-00562990-00563335 iPhone models in India over the next two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02026-00563336-00563647 months and in May the journal wrote that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02027-00563648-00563842 an apple manufacturer had begun
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02028-00563843-00564085 production of iPhone se in the country
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02029-00564086-00564343 while Apple told CNBC that the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02030-00564344-00564631 manufacturing was for a small number of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02031-00564632-00565030 units reuters reported in December 2017
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02032-00565031-00565234 that Apple and the Indian government
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02033-00565235-00565459 were clashing over planned increases to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02034-00565460-00565687 import taxes for components used in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02035-00565688-00565885 mobile phone production with Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02036-00565886-00566053 having engaged in talks with government
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02037-00566054-00566347 officials to try to delay the plans but
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02038-00566348-00566527 the Indian government sticking to its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02039-00566528-00566803 policies of no exemptions to It's Made
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02040-00566804-00567106 in India initiative the import tax
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02041-00567107-00567349 increases went into effect a few days
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02042-00567350-00567583 later with Apple being hurt the most out
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02043-00567584-00567817 of all phone manufacturers having nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02044-00567818-00568020 about ten phones imported into the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02045-00568021-00568204 country whereas Maine smartphone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02046-00568205-00568447 competitor Samsung produces almost all
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02047-00568448-00568789 of its devices locally in May 2017 the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02048-00568790-00568999 company announced a 1 billion dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02049-00569000-00569220 funding project for advanced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02050-00569221-00569530 manufacturing in the United States and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02051-00569531-00569764 subsequently invested 200 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02052-00569765-00570025 dollars in Corning Inc a manufacturer of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02053-00570026-00570270 toughened Gorilla Glass technology used
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02054-00570271-00570568 in its iPhone devices the following
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02055-00570569-00570829 December Apple's chief operating officer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02056-00570830-00571204 Jeff Williams told CNBC that the 1
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02057-00571205-00571588 billion dollars amount was absolutely
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02058-00571589-00571866 not the final limit on its spending
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02059-00571867-00572143 elaborating that we're not thinking in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02060-00572144-00572204 terms of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02061-00572205-00572620 fund limit we're thinking about where
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02062-00572621-00572881 are the opportunities across the u.s. to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02063-00572882-00573097 help nurture companies that are making
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02064-00573098-00573428 the advanced technology and the advanced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02065-00573429-00573731 manufacturing that goes with that that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02066-00573732-00573920 quite frankly is essential to our
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02067-00573921-00574154 innovation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02068-00574155-00574527 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02069-00574528-00575064 topic labor practices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02070-00575065-00575337 the company advertised its products as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02071-00575338-00575533 being made in America until the late
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02072-00575534-00575875 1990s however as a result of outsourcing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02073-00575876-00576130 initiatives in the 2000s almost all of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02074-00576131-00576422 its manufacturing is now handled abroad
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02075-00576423-00576645 according to a report by the New York
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02076-00576646-00576955 Times Apple insiders believe the vast
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02077-00576956-00577255 scale of overseas factories as well as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02078-00577256-00577552 the flexibility diligence and industrial
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02079-00577553-00577786 skills of foreign workers have so
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02080-00577787-00577954 outpaced their American counterparts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02081-00577955-00578412 that made in the USA is no longer a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02082-00578413-00578799 viable option for most Apple products in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02083-00578800-00579133 2006 The Mail on Sunday reported on the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02084-00579134-00579307 working conditions of the Chinese
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02085-00579308-00579559 factories where contract manufacturers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02086-00579560-00579772 Foxconn and invent tech produced the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02087-00579773-00580129 iPod the article stated that one complex
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02088-00580130-00580375 of factories that assembled the iPod and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02089-00580376-00580651 other items had over 200,000 workers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02090-00580652-00580954 living and working within it employees
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02091-00580955-00581224 regularly worked more than 60 hours per
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02092-00581225-00581529 week and made around $100 per month a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02093-00581530-00581806 little over half of the workers earnings
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02094-00581807-00582004 was required to pay for rent and food
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02095-00582005-00582235 from the company Apple immediately
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02096-00582236-00582526 launched an investigation after the 2006
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02097-00582527-00582727 media report and worked with their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02098-00582728-00582945 manufacturers to ensure acceptable
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02099-00582946-00583360 working conditions in 2007 Apple started
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02100-00583361-00583555 yearly audits of all its suppliers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02101-00583556-00583816 regarding workers rights slowly raising
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02102-00583817-00584056 standards and pruning suppliers that did
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02103-00584057-00584383 not comply yearly progress reports have
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02104-00584384-00584779 been published since 2008 in 2011 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02105-00584780-00584986 admitted that its suppliers child labor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02106-00584987-00585222 practices in China had worsened the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02107-00585223-00585424 Foxconn suicides occurred between
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02108-00585425-00585733 January and November 2010 when 18
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02109-00585734-00586051 Foxconn Chinese Fuji Kong employees
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02110-00586052-00586336 attempted suicide resulting in 14 deaths
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02111-00586337-00586576 the company was the world's largest
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02112-00586577-00586858 contract electronics manufacturer for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02113-00586859-00587170 clients including Apple at the time the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02114-00587171-00587397 suicides drew media attention and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02115-00587398-00587637 employment practices at Foxconn were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02116-00587638-00587953 investigated by Apple Apple issued a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02117-00587954-00588181 public statement about the suicides and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02118-00588182-00588376 company spokesperson stephen dowling
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02119-00588377-00588522 said
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02120-00588523-00588804 appleís saddened and upset by the recent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02121-00588805-00589245 suicides at Foxconn a team from Apple is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02122-00589246-00589482 independently evaluating the steps they
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02123-00589483-00589659 are taking to address these tragic
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02124-00589660-00589847 events and we will continue our ongoing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02125-00589848-00590094 inspections of the facilities where our
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02126-00590095-00590391 products are made the statement was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02127-00590392-00590568 released after the results from the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02128-00590569-00590787 company's probe into its suppliers labor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02129-00590788-00591107 practices were published in early 2010
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02130-00591108-00591387 Foxconn was not specifically named in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02131-00591388-00591642 the report but Apple identified a series
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02132-00591643-00591882 of serious labor violations of labor
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02133-00591883-00592125 laws including Apple's own rules and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02134-00592126-00592353 some child labor existed in a number of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02135-00592354-00592617 factories Apple committed to the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02136-00592618-00592839 implementation of changes following the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02137-00592840-00593166 suicides also in 2010 workers in China
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02138-00593167-00593406 planned to sue iPhone contractors over
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02139-00593407-00593685 poisoning by a cleaner used to clean LCD
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02140-00593686-00593985 screens one worker claimed that he and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02141-00593986-00594216 his co-workers had not been informed of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02142-00594217-00594534 possible occupational illnesses after a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02143-00594535-00594810 high suicide rate in a Foxconn facility
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02144-00594811-00595107 in China making iPads and iPhones albeit
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02145-00595108-00595302 a lower rate than that of China as a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02146-00595303-00595518 whole workers were forced to sign a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02147-00595519-00595713 legally binding document guaranteeing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02148-00595714-00595946 that they would not kill themselves
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02149-00595947-00596229 workers and factories producing Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02150-00596230-00596454 products have also been exposed to n
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02151-00596455-00596721 hexane a neurotoxin that is a cheaper
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02152-00596722-00596897 alternative than alcohol for cleaning
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02153-00596898-00597291 the products a 2014 BBC investigation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02154-00597292-00597528 found excessive hours and other problems
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02155-00597529-00597753 persisted despite Apple's promised to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02156-00597754-00598005 reform factory practice after the 2010
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02157-00598006-00598359 Foxconn suicides the Pegatron factory
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02158-00598360-00598593 was once again the subject of review as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02159-00598594-00598818 reporters gained access to the working
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02160-00598819-00599040 conditions inside through recruitment as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02161-00599041-00599412 employees while the BBC maintained that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02162-00599413-00599637 the experiences of its reporters showed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02163-00599638-00599868 that labor violations were continuing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02164-00599869-00600156 since 2010 Apple publicly disagreed with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02165-00600157-00600447 the BBC and stated we are aware of no
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02166-00600448-00600738 other company doing as much as Apple to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02167-00600739-00600996 ensure fair and safe working conditions
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02168-00600997-00601383 in december 2014 the institute for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02169-00601384-00601635 global labor and human rights published
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02170-00601636-00601896 a report which documented inhumane can
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02171-00601897-00602175 for the 15,000 workers at agenda
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02172-00602176-00602406 technology Factory in Shenzhen China
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02173-00602407-00602664 which serves as a major supplier of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02174-00602665-00602874 circuit boards for Apple's iPhone and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02175-00602875-00603210 iPad according to the report workers are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02176-00603211-00603480 pressured into 65 hour work weeks which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02177-00603481-00603687 leaves them so exhausted that they often
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02178-00603688-00603981 sleep during lunch breaks they are also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02179-00603982-00604284 made to reside in primitive dark and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02180-00604285-00604650 filthy dorms where they sleep on plywood
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02181-00604651-00604956 with six to ten workers in each crowded
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02182-00604957-00605355 room omnipresent security personnel also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02183-00605356-00606033 routinely harassed and beat the workers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02184-00606034-00606352 topic environmental practices and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02185-00606353-00606566 initiatives
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02186-00606567-00606738 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02187-00606739-00607055 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02188-00607056-00607724 topic energy and resources following a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02189-00607725-00607952 Greenpeace protest Apple released a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02190-00607953-00608282 statement on April 17 2012 committing to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02191-00608283-00608477 ending its use of coal and shifting to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02192-00608478-00608915 100% renewable clean energy by 2013
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02193-00608916-00609269 Apple was using 100% renewable energy to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02194-00609270-00609536 power their data centers overall
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02195-00609537-00609755 seventy-five percent of the company's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02196-00609756-00610001 power came from clean renewable sources
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02197-00610002-00610286 in 2010 climate counts a nonprofit
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02198-00610287-00610544 organization dedicated to directing
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02199-00610545-00610757 consumers toward the greenest companies
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02200-00610758-00611057 gave Apple a score of 52 points out of a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02201-00611058-00611315 possible 100 which puts Apple in their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02202-00611316-00611642 top category striding this was an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02203-00611643-00611915 increase from May 2008 when climate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02204-00611916-00612176 counts only gave Apple 11 points out of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02205-00612177-00612440 100 which placed the company last among
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02206-00612441-00612659 the electronics companies at which time
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02207-00612660-00612881 climate counts also labeled apple with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02208-00612882-00613232 stuck icon adding that Apple at the time
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02209-00613233-00613514 was a choice to avoid for the climate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02210-00613515-00613844 conscious consumer in May 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02211-00613845-00614078 Greenpeace evaluated the state of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02212-00614079-00614288 green Internet and commended Apple on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02213-00614289-00614480 their environmental practices saying
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02214-00614481-00614732 apples commitment to renewable energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02215-00614733-00614987 has helped set a new bar for the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02216-00614988-00615236 industry illustrating in very concrete
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02217-00615237-00615617 terms that a 100% renewable Internet as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02218-00615618-00615842 within its reach and providing several
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02219-00615843-00616055 models of intervention for other
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02220-00616056-00616229 companies that want to build a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02221-00616230-00616607 sustainable Internet as of 2016
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02222-00616608-00616889 Apple states that 100% of its US
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02223-00616890-00617162 operations run on renewable energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02224-00617163-00617462 100% of Apple's data centers run on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02225-00617463-00617720 renewable energy and 93 percent of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02226-00617721-00617936 Apple's global operations run on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02227-00617937-00618067 renewable energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02228-00618068-00618362 however the facilities are connected to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02229-00618363-00618593 the local grid which usually contains a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02230-00618594-00618815 mix of fossil and renewable sources
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02231-00618816-00619046 so Apple carbon offsets its electricity
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02232-00619047-00619400 use the electronic product environmental
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02233-00619401-00619730 assessment tool EP e8e allows consumers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02234-00619731-00619961 to see the effect a product has on the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02235-00619962-00620279 environment each product receives a gold
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02236-00620280-00620416 silver or bra
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02237-00620417-00620639 ranked depending on its efficiency and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02238-00620640-00620947 sustainability every Apple tablet
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02239-00620948-00621218 notebook desktop computer and display
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02240-00621219-00621520 that epe 80 ranks achieves a gold rating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02241-00621521-00621820 the highest possible although apples
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02242-00621821-00622147 data centers recycle water 35 times the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02243-00622148-00622400 increased activity in retail corporate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02244-00622401-00622610 and data centers also increase the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02245-00622611-00622934 amount of water used to 573 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02246-00622935-00623245 gallons in 2015 during an event on March
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02247-00623246-00623630 21st 2016 Apple provided a status update
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02248-00623631-00623845 on its environmental initiative to be
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02249-00623846-00624107 100% renewable in all of its worldwide
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02250-00624108-00624503 operations Lisa P Jackson Apple's vice
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02251-00624504-00624758 president of environment policy and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02252-00624759-00624953 social initiatives who reports directly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02253-00624954-00625256 to CEO Tim Cook announced that as of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02254-00625257-00625580 March 2016 93 percent of apples
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02255-00625581-00625789 worldwide operations are powered with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02256-00625790-00626120 renewable energy also featured was the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02257-00626121-00626282 company's efforts to use sustainable
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02258-00626283-00626657 paper in their product packaging 99% of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02259-00626658-00626888 all paper used by Apple in the product
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02260-00626889-00627089 packaging comes from post consumer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02261-00627090-00627347 recycled paper or sustainably managed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02262-00627348-00627584 forests as the company continues its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02263-00627585-00627812 move to all paper packaging for all of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02264-00627813-00628072 its products Apple working in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02265-00628073-00628316 partnership with Conservation Fund have
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02266-00628317-00628586 preserved 36,000 acres of working
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02267-00628587-00628818 forests in Maine and North Carolina
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02268-00628819-00629089 another partnership announced as with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02269-00629090-00629312 the World Wildlife Fund to preserve up
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02270-00629313-00629599 to 1 million acres of forests in China
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02271-00629600-00629866 featured was the company's installation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02272-00629867-00630125 of a 40 megawatt solar power plant in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02273-00630126-00630338 the Sichuan Province of China that was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02274-00630339-00630518 tailor-made to coexist with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02275-00630519-00630749 indigenous yaks that eat hay produced on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02276-00630750-00630962 the land by raising the panels to be
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02277-00630963-00631166 several feet off of the ground so the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02278-00631167-00631349 yaks and their feed would be unharmed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02279-00631350-00631522 grazing beneath the array
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02280-00631523-00631829 this installation alone compensates for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02281-00631830-00632027 more than all of the energy used in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02282-00632028-00632243 Apple's stores and offices in the whole
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02283-00632244-00632480 of China negating the company's energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02284-00632481-00632750 carbon footprint in the country in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02285-00632751-00632960 Singapore Apple has worked with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02286-00632961-00633158 Singaporean government to cover the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02287-00633159-00633401 rooftops of 800 buildings in the city
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02288-00633402-00633641 state with solar panels allowing Apple's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02289-00633642-00633784 Singapore opera
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02290-00633785-00634180 to be run on 100% renewable energy liam
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02291-00634181-00634405 was introduced to the world an advanced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02292-00634406-00634648 robotic disassembler and sorter designed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02293-00634649-00634876 by Apple engineers in California
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02294-00634877-00635125 specifically for recycling outdated or
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02295-00635126-00635488 broken iPhones reuses and recycles parts
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02296-00635489-00635743 from traded in products Apple announced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02297-00635744-00636046 on August 16 2016 that lens technology
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02298-00636047-00636373 one of its major suppliers in China has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02299-00636374-00636538 committed to power all its glass
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02300-00636539-00636838 production for Apple with 100% renewable
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02301-00636839-00637213 energy by 2018 the commitment is a large
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02302-00637214-00637396 step in Apple's efforts to help
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02303-00637397-00637588 manufacturers lower their carbon
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02304-00637589-00637888 footprint in China apple also announced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02305-00637889-00638182 that all 14 of its final assembly sites
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02306-00638183-00638452 in China are now compliant with UL zero
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02307-00638453-00638743 waste to landfill validation the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02308-00638744-00639073 standard which started in January 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02309-00639074-00639304 certifies that all manufacturing waste
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02310-00639305-00639580 is reused recycled composted or
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02311-00639581-00639841 converted into energy when necessary
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02312-00639842-00640273 since the program began nearly 140,000
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02313-00640274-00640468 metric tons of waste have been diverted
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02314-00640469-00641033 from landfills
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02315-00641034-00641711 topic toxins following further campaigns
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02316-00641712-00642047 by Greenpeace in 2008 Apple became the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02317-00642048-00642290 first electronics manufacturer to fully
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02318-00642291-00642629 eliminate all polyvinyl chloride PVC and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02319-00642630-00642956 brominated flame retardants BFRs in its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02320-00642957-00643397 complete product line in June 2007 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02321-00643398-00643586 began replacing the cold cathode
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02322-00643587-00643888 fluorescent lamp CCFL backlit LCD
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02323-00643889-00644180 displays in its computers with mercury
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02324-00644181-00644492 free LED backlit LCD displays and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02325-00644493-00644705 arsenic-free glass starting with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02326-00644706-00645005 upgraded MacBook Pro Apple offers
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02327-00645006-00645143 comprehensive and transparent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02328-00645144-00645476 information about the co2 II emissions
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02329-00645477-00645680 materials and electrical usage
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02330-00645681-00645893 concerning every product they currently
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02331-00645894-00646130 produce or have sold in the past and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02332-00646131-00646307 which they have enough data needed to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02333-00646308-00646562 produce the report in their portfolio on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02334-00646563-00646835 their homepage allowing consumers to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02335-00646836-00647069 make informed purchasing decisions on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02336-00647070-00647375 the products they offer for sale in June
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02337-00647376-00647840 2009 Apple's iPhone 3GS was free of PVC
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02338-00647841-00648038 arsenic and BFRs
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02339-00648039-00648374 all Apple products now have mercury free
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02340-00648375-00648725 LED backlit LCD displays arsenic free
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02341-00648726-00649100 glass and non PVC cables all Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02342-00649101-00649406 products have EPE eighty gold status and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02343-00649407-00649559 beat the latest Energy Star guidelines
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02344-00649560-00649868 in each products respective regulatory
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02345-00649869-00650177 category in November 2011 Apple was
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02346-00650178-00650375 featured in green pieces guide to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02347-00650376-00650567 Greener electronics which ranks
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02348-00650568-00650756 electronics manufacturers on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02349-00650757-00650999 sustainability climate and energy policy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02350-00651000-00651380 and how green their products are the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02351-00651381-00651563 company ranked fourth of fifteen
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02352-00651564-00651794 electronics companies moving up five
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02353-00651795-00652004 places from the previous year with a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02354-00652005-00652340 score of four point six ten Greenpeace
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02355-00652341-00652601 praises Apple sustainability noting that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02356-00652602-00652814 the company exceeded its 70 percent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02357-00652815-00653138 global recycling goal in 2010 it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02358-00653139-00653369 continues to score well on the products
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02359-00653370-00653594 rating with all Apple products now being
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02360-00653595-00654047 free of PVC plastic and BFRs however the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02361-00654048-00654281 guide criticizes Apple on the energy
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02362-00654282-00654377 criteria
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02363-00654378-00654604 not seeking external verification of its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02364-00654605-00654845 greenhouse gas emissions data and for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02365-00654846-00655022 not setting out any targets to reduce
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02366-00655023-00655381 emissions in January 2012 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02367-00655382-00655649 requested that its cable maker bollocks
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02368-00655650-00655945 begin producing halogen-free USB and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02369-00655946-00656491 power cables
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02370-00656492-00657007 topic green bonds
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02371-00657008-00657418 in February 2016 Apple issued a 1.5
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02372-00657419-00657685 billion dollars green bond climate bond
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02373-00657686-00657934 the first ever of its kind by a u.s.
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02374-00657935-00658258 tech company the green bond proceeds are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02375-00658259-00658417 dedicated to the financing of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02376-00658418-00659064 environmental projects
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02377-00659065-00659564 topic finance
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02378-00659565-00659753 Apple as the world's LA
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02379-00659754-00659987 information technology company by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02380-00659988-00660206 revenue the world's largest technology
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02381-00660207-00660494 company by total assets and the world's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02382-00660495-00660743 second largest mobile phone manufacturer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02383-00660744-00661004 after Samsung in its fiscal year ending
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02384-00661005-00661289 in September 2011 Apple Inc reported a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02385-00661290-00661562 total of 108 billion dollars in annual
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02386-00661563-00661862 revenues a significant increase from its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02387-00661863-00662186 2010 revenues of 65 billion dollars and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02388-00662187-00662423 nearly eighty two billion dollars in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02389-00662424-00662828 cash reserves on March 19 2012 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02390-00662829-00663194 announced plans for a $2 and 65 cents
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02391-00663195-00663410 per share dividend beginning in fourth
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02392-00663411-00663662 quarter of 2012 / approval by their
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02393-00663663-00663836 board of directors the company's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02394-00663837-00664139 worldwide annual revenue in 2013
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02395-00664140-00664523 totaled 170 billion dollars in May 2013
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02396-00664524-00664817 Apple entered the top 10 of the fortune
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02397-00664818-00665102 500 list of companies for the first time
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02398-00665103-00665399 rising 11 places above its 2012 ranking
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02399-00665400-00665750 to take the sixth position as of 2016
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02400-00665751-00666101 Apple has around 234 billion dollars of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02401-00666102-00666350 cash and marketable securities of which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02402-00666351-00666587 90 percent is located outside the United
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02403-00666588-00666959 States for tax purposes Apple amassed 65
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02404-00666960-00667157 percent of all profits made by the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02405-00667158-00667364 eighth largest worldwide smartphone
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02406-00667365-00667625 manufacturers in quarter 1 of 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02407-00667626-00667877 according to a report by Canaccord
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02408-00667878-00668267 Genuity in the first quarter of 2015 the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02409-00668268-00668567 company garnered 92% of all earnings on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02410-00668568-00668909 April 30th 2017 The Wall Street Journal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02411-00668910-00669152 reported that Apple had cash reserves of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02412-00669153-00669452 250 billion dollars officially confirmed
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02413-00669453-00669836 by Apple as specifically 250 6.8 billion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02414-00669837-00670106 dollars a few days later as of August
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02415-00670107-00670418 3rd 2018 Apple as the largest publicly
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02416-00670419-00670634 traded corporation in the world by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02417-00670635-00671033 market capitalization on august 2nd 2018
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02418-00671034-00671264 Apple became the first publicly traded
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02419-00671265-00671540 US company to reach a 1 trillion dollars
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02420-00671541-00671858 market value Apple is currently ranked
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02421-00671859-00672140 number 4 on the fortune 500 rankings of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02422-00672141-00672371 the largest United States corporations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02423-00672372-00672625 by total revenue
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02424-00672626-00672948 you
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02425-00672949-00673491 topic tax practices
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02426-00673492-00673782 Apple has created subsidiaries in low
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02427-00673783-00674004 tax places such as Ireland the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02428-00674005-00674214 Netherlands Luxembourg and the British
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02429-00674215-00674451 Virgin Islands to cut the taxes it pays
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02430-00674452-00674715 around the world according to the New
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02431-00674716-00675018 York Times in the 1980s Apple was among
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02432-00675019-00675222 the first tech companies to designate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02433-00675223-00675435 overseas sales people in high tax
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02434-00675436-00675630 countries in a manner that allowed the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02435-00675631-00675843 company to sell on behalf of low tax
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02436-00675844-00676059 subsidiaries on other continents
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02437-00676060-00676368 sidestepping income taxes in the late
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02438-00676369-00676641 1980s Apple was a pioneer of an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02439-00676642-00676887 accounting technique known as the double
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02440-00676888-00677175 Irish with a Dutch sandwich which
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02441-00677176-00677439 reduces taxes by routing profits through
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02442-00677440-00677670 Irish subsidiaries in the Netherlands
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02443-00677671-00677826 and then to the Caribbean British
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02444-00677827-00677993 Conservative Party Member of Parliament
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02445-00677994-00678258 Charlie elphic published research on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02446-00678259-00678561 October 30th 2012 which showed that some
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02447-00678562-00678807 multinational companies including Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02448-00678808-00679008 Inc were making billions of pounds of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02449-00679009-00679236 profit in the UK but were paying an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02450-00679237-00679491 effective tax rate to the UK Treasury of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02451-00679492-00679797 only 3% well below standard corporation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02452-00679798-00680133 tax he followed this research by calling
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02453-00680134-00680244 on the Chancellor of the Exchequer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02454-00680245-00680477 George Osborne to force these
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02455-00680478-00680709 multinationals which also included
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02456-00680710-00680943 Google and the coca-cola company to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02457-00680944-00681135 state the effective rate of tax they pay
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02458-00681136-00681501 on their UK revenues elphic also said
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02459-00681502-00681675 that government contracts should be
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02460-00681676-00681894 withheld from multinationals who do not
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02461-00681895-00682161 pay their fair share of UK tax Apple Inc
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02462-00682162-00682395 claims to be the single largest taxpayer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02463-00682396-00682581 to the Department of the Treasury of the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02464-00682582-00682782 United States of America with an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02465-00682783-00683004 effective tax rate of approximately of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02466-00683005-00683241 26 percent as of the second quarter of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02467-00683242-00683583 the Apple fiscal year 2016 in an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02468-00683584-00683805 interview with the German newspaper faz
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02469-00683806-00684147 in October 2017 Tim Cook stated that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02470-00684148-00684372 Apple as the biggest tax payer worldwide
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02471-00684373-00684705 in 2015 reuters reported that Apple had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02472-00684706-00684936 earnings abroad of fifty four point four
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02473-00684937-00685161 billion dollars which were untaxed by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02474-00685162-00685527 the IRS of the United States under US
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02475-00685528-00685863 tax law governed by the IRC corporations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02476-00685864-00686121 don't pay income tax on overseas profits
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02477-00686122-00686385 unless the profits are repatriated into
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02478-00686386-00686589 the United States and as such Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02479-00686590-00686802 argues that to benefit its shareholders
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02480-00686803-00686865 it will
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02481-00686866-00687090 leaveit overseas until a repatriation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02482-00687091-00687297 holiday or comprehensive tax reform
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02483-00687298-00687579 takes place in the United States on the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02484-00687580-00687909 12th of July 2016 the Central Statistics
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02485-00687910-00688227 Office Ireland announced that 2015 Irish
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02486-00688228-00688503 GDP had grown by twenty six point three
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02487-00688504-00688905 percent and 2015 Irish GNP had grown by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02488-00688906-00689214 eighteen point seven percent the figures
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02489-00689215-00689445 attracted international scorn and were
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02490-00689446-00689697 labeled by Nobel prize-winning economist
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02491-00689698-00690051 Paul Krugman as leprechaun economics it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02492-00690052-00690354 was not until 2018 that Irish economists
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02493-00690355-00690615 could definitively prove that the 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02494-00690616-00690837 growth was due to Apple restructuring
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02495-00690838-00691002 its controversial double Irish
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02496-00691003-00691263 subsidiaries Apple sales international
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02497-00691264-00691497 which Apple converted into a new Irish
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02498-00691498-00691758 capital allowances for intangible assets
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02499-00691759-00692169 tax scheme expires in January 2020 the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02500-00692170-00692367 affair required the central bank of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02501-00692368-00692607 Ireland to create a new measure of Irish
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02502-00692608-00692961 economic growth modified gni asterisk to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02503-00692962-00693192 replace the Irish GDP given the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02504-00693193-00693516 distortion of Apple's tax schemes Irish
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02505-00693517-00693972 GDP as 143 percent of Irish modified gni
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02506-00693973-00694437 asterisk on August 30th 2016 after a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02507-00694438-00694647 two-year investigation the EU
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02508-00694648-00694887 Competition Commissioner concluded Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02509-00694888-00695232 received a legal state aid from Ireland
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02510-00695233-00695526 the EU ordered Apple to pay 13 billion
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02511-00695527-00695919 euros 14.5 billion dollars plus interest
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02512-00695920-00696326 in unpaid Irish taxes for 2004 to 2014
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02513-00696327-00696645 it is the largest tax vine in history
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02514-00696646-00696879 the Commission found that Apple had
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02515-00696880-00697104 benefited from a private Irish Revenue
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02516-00697105-00697323 Commissioners tax ruling regarding its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02517-00697324-00697569 double Irish tax structure Apple sales
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02518-00697570-00697926 international hace instead of using two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02519-00697927-00698145 companies for its double Irish structure
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02520-00698146-00698394 Apple was given a ruling to split Aussie
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02521-00698395-00698508 into two internal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02522-00698509-00698795 branches the Chancellor of Austria
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02523-00698796-00699075 Kristian Kern put this decision into
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02524-00699076-00699306 perspective by stating that every
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02525-00699307-00699624 Viennese cafe every sausage stand pays
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02526-00699625-00699885 more tax in Austria than a multinational
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02527-00699886-00700137 corporation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02528-00700138-00700466 as of April 24th 2018 Apple agreed to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02529-00700467-00700716 start paying 13 billion euros in back
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02530-00700717-00700935 taxes to the Irish government the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02531-00700936-00701120 repayments will be held in an escrow
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02532-00701121-00701304 account while apple and the Irish
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02533-00701305-00701520 government continue their appeals in EU
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02534-00701521-00701997 courts topic ownership Apple Inc is a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02535-00701998-00702225 joint stock company registered with the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02536-00702226-00702668 SEC as of the 20th of July 2018 it has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02537-00702669-00702872 four billion eight hundred twenty nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02538-00702873-00703118 million nine hundred twenty six thousand
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02539-00703119-00703428 outstanding shares these are mainly held
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02540-00703429-00703814 by institutional investors and funds 7.2
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02541-00703815-00704199 1% 348 million four hundred sixty-eight
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02542-00704200-00704420 thousand thirty two the Vanguard Group
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02543-00704421-00704684 Inc six point six two percent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02544-00704685-00704952 319 million seven hundred fifteen
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02545-00704953-00705129 thousand five hundred eighty-five
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02546-00705130-00705429 Blackrock Inc five point two two percent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02547-00705430-00705645 two hundred fifty-one million nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02548-00705646-00705831 hundred fifty five thousand eight
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02549-00705832-00706070 hundred seventy seven Berkshire Hathaway
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02550-00706071-00706332 Inc four point three two percent two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02551-00706333-00706487 hundred eight million seven hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02552-00706488-00706737 thirty nine thousand seventy state
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02553-00706738-00706977 Street Corporation two point five two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02554-00706978-00707184 percent one hundred twenty-one million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02555-00707185-00707430 seven hundred twenty-four thousand four
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02556-00707431-00707805 hundred twenty-six FMR LLC two point two
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02557-00707806-00707895 four percent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02558-00707896-00708164 108 million ninety three thousand nine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02559-00708165-00708389 hundred twelve Vanguard total stock
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02560-00708390-00708657 market index fund one point seven one
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02561-00708658-00708864 percent eighty two million three hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02562-00708865-00709070 seventy three thousand four hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02563-00709071-00709416 twenty seven Vanguard 500 index fund one
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02564-00709417-00709674 point five percent seventy two million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02565-00709675-00709916 four hundred seventy six thousand sixty
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02566-00709917-00710202 nine t rowe price Associates Inc one
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02567-00710203-00710541 point three six percent 65 million six
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02568-00710542-00710714 hundred eighty four thousand two hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02569-00710715-00710939 eighty nine Northern Trust Corporation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02570-00710940-00711297 one point three five percent 65 million
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02571-00711298-00711525 two hundred fifty one thousand three
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02572-00711526-00711984 hundred sixty four spdr S&P 500 ETF
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02573-00711985-00712302 trust one point one eight percent 57
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02574-00712303-00712514 million two hundred five thousand five
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02575-00712515-00712685 hundred ninety six Vanguard
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02576-00712686-00712956 institutional index fund institutional
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02577-00712957-00713216 index fund one point one seven percent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02578-00713217-00713399 fifty six million four hundred
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02579-00713400-00713559 forty-seven
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02580-00713560-00714169 158 geode Capital Management LLC 1.1% 53
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02581-00714170-00714627 million 300 1694 Bank of New York Mellon
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02582-00714628-00714922 corporation one point zero seven percent
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02583-00714923-00715181 51 million six hundred twenty one
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02584-00715182-00715492 thousand two hundred fifty five JPMorgan
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02585-00715493-00716068 Chase & Co
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02586-00716069-00716614 topic litigation
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02587-00716615-00716872 Apple has been a participant in various
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02588-00716873-00717091 legal proceedings and claims since it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02589-00717092-00717433 began operation in particular Apple is
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02590-00717434-00717625 known for and promotes itself as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02591-00717626-00717850 actively and aggressively enforcing its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02592-00717851-00718150 intellectual property interests some
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02593-00718151-00718404 litigation examples include Apple V
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02594-00718405-00718705 Samsung Apple V Microsoft
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02595-00718706-00719038 Motorola Mobility V Apple Inc an apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02596-00719039-00719353 corer V Apple Computer Apple has also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02597-00719354-00719605 had to defend itself against charges on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02598-00719606-00719793 numerous occasions of violating
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02599-00719794-00720100 intellectual property rights most have
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02600-00720101-00720286 been dismissed in the courts as shell
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02601-00720287-00720529 companies known as patent trolls with no
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02602-00720530-00720760 evidence of actual use of patents in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02603-00720761-00721197 question on December 21st 2016 Nokia
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02604-00721198-00721443 announced that in the US and Germany it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02605-00721444-00721689 has filed a suit against Apple claiming
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02606-00721690-00721879 that the latter's products infringe on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02607-00721880-00722176 Nokia's patents most recently in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02608-00722177-00722461 November 2017 the United States
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02609-00722462-00722683 International Trade Commission announced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02610-00722684-00722902 an investigation into allegations of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02611-00722903-00723091 patent infringement in regards to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02612-00723092-00723366 Apple's remote desktop technology Aqua
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02613-00723367-00723570 Connect a company that builds remote
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02614-00723571-00723826 desktop software has claimed that Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02615-00723827-00724516 infringed on two of its patents
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02616-00724517-00725076 topic privacy stance
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02617-00725077-00725349 Apple has a notable Pro privacy stance
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02618-00725350-00725559 actively making privacy conscious
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02619-00725560-00725757 features and settings part of its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02620-00725758-00726009 conferences promotional campaigns and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02621-00726010-00726357 public image with its iOS 8 mobile
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02622-00726358-00726660 operating system in 2014 the company
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02623-00726661-00726897 started encryption all contents of iOS
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02624-00726898-00727182 devices through users pass codes making
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02625-00727183-00727392 it impossible for the company to provide
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02626-00727393-00727562 customer data to law enforcement
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02627-00727563-00727908 requests seeking such information with
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02628-00727909-00728103 the popularity rise of cloud storage
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02629-00728104-00728382 solutions Apple began a technique in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02630-00728383-00728652 2016 to do deep learning scans for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02631-00728653-00728874 facial data in photos on the user's
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02632-00728875-00729114 local device and encrypting the content
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02633-00729115-00729294 before uploading it to Apple's iCloud
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02634-00729295-00729644 storage system it also introduced
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02635-00729645-00729951 differential privacy a way to collect
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02636-00729952-00730206 crowd-sourced data from many users while
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02637-00730207-00730464 keeping individual users anonymous in a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02638-00730465-00730752 system that wired described as trying to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02639-00730753-00730992 learn as much as possible about a group
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02640-00730993-00731181 while learning as little as possible
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02641-00731182-00731622 about any individual in it users are
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02642-00731623-00731796 explicitly asked if they want to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02643-00731797-00732051 participate and connectively opt in or
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02644-00732052-00732270 opt out however Apple aides law
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02645-00732271-00732440 enforcement in criminal investigations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02646-00732441-00732753 by providing iCloud backups of users
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02647-00732754-00732984 devices and the company's commitment to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02648-00732985-00733182 privacy has been questioned by its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02649-00733183-00733332 efforts to promote biometric
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02650-00733333-00733581 authentication technology in its newer
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02651-00733582-00733779 iPhone models which don't have the same
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02652-00733780-00734034 level of constitutional privacy as a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02653-00734035-00734720 passcode in the United States
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02654-00734721-00735306 topic charitable causes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02655-00735307-00735567 Apple as a partner of product read a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02656-00735568-00735891 fundraising campaign for AIDS charity in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02657-00735892-00736215 November 2014 Apple arranged for all app
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02658-00736216-00736479 store revenue in a two-week period to go
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02659-00736480-00736683 to the fundraiser generating more than
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02660-00736684-00737025 20 million dollars and in March 2017 it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02661-00737026-00737247 released an iPhone 7 with a red color
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02662-00737248-00737517 finish Apple contributes financially to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02663-00737518-00737679 fundraisers in times of natural
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02664-00737680-00738079 disasters in November 2012 it donated
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02665-00738080-00738393 2.5 million dollars to the American Red
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02666-00738394-00738591 Cross to aid relief efforts after
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02667-00738592-00738954 Hurricane sandy and in 2017 it donated 5
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02668-00738955-00739185 million dollars to relief efforts for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02669-00739186-00739425 both Hurricane Irma and hurricane Harvey
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02670-00739426-00739719 as well as for the 2017 central Mexico
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02671-00739720-00740034 earthquake the company has also used its
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02672-00740035-00740282 iTunes platform to encourage donations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02673-00740283-00740575 including but not limited to help the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02674-00740576-00740814 American Red Cross in the aftermath of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02675-00740815-00741057 the 2010 Haiti earthquake followed by
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02676-00741058-00741279 similar procedure in the aftermath of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02677-00741280-00741573 the 2011 Japan earthquake typhoon Haiyan
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02678-00741574-00741846 in the Philippines in November 2013 and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02679-00741847-00742089 European migrant crisis in September
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02680-00742090-00742202 2015
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02681-00742203-00742494 apple emphasizes that it does not incur
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02682-00742495-00742746 any processing or other fees for iTunes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02683-00742747-00743061 donations sending 100% of the payments
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02684-00743062-00743265 directly to relief efforts though it
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02685-00743266-00743457 also acknowledges that the Red Cross
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02686-00743458-00743631 does not receive any personal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02687-00743632-00743862 information on the users donating and
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02688-00743863-00743997 that the payments may not be
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02689-00743998-00744390 tax-deductible on April 14 2016 Apple
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02690-00744391-00744702 and the World Wide Fund for Nature WWF
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02691-00744703-00744904 announced that they have engaged in a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02692-00744905-00745177 partnership to help protect life on our
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02693-00745178-00745533 planet Apple released a special page in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02694-00745534-00745845 the iTunes App Store apps for Earth in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02695-00745846-00746056 the arrangement Apple has committed that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02696-00746057-00746508 through April 24th WWF will receive 100%
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02697-00746509-00746711 of the proceeds from the applications
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02698-00746712-00746952 participating in the app store via both
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02699-00746953-00747171 the purchases of any paid apps and the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02700-00747172-00747585 in-app purchases apple and WWF saps for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02701-00747586-00747781 Earth campaign raised more than eight
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02702-00747782-00748023 million dollars in total proceeds to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02703-00748024-00748491 support WWF s conservation work WWF
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02704-00748492-00748697 announced the results at
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02705-00748698-00749498 UDC 2016 in San Francisco
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02706-00749499-00750207 topic criticism and controversies
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02707-00750208-00750447 Apple has been criticized for alleged an
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02708-00750448-00750633 ethical business practices such as
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02709-00750634-00750846 anti-competitive behavior rash
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02710-00750847-00751098 litigation and dubious tax tactics
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02711-00751099-00751317 production methods involving the use of
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02712-00751318-00751590 sweatshop labor customer service issues
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02713-00751591-00751727 involving allegedly misleading
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02714-00751728-00751944 warranties and insufficient data
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02715-00751945-00752163 security as well as its products
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02716-00752164-00752451 environmental footprint critics have
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02717-00752452-00752646 claimed that Apple products combine
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02718-00752647-00752898 stolen and/or purchased designs that
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02719-00752899-00753185 Apple claims are its original creations
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02720-00753186-00753438 additionally it has been criticized for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02721-00753439-00753675 its alleged collaboration with the u.s.
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02722-00753676-00753909 surveillance program prism Apple has
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02723-00753910-00754086 dealt with a number of issues regarding
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02724-00754087-00754347 music over the years including issues
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02725-00754348-00754593 with the European Union regarding iTunes
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02726-00754594-00754869 trouble over updating the Spotify app on
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02727-00754870-00755115 Apple devices and collusion with record
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02728-00755116-00755385 labels Apple has also faced scrutiny for
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02729-00755386-00755610 its tax practices including using a
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02730-00755611-00755823 double Irish arrangement to reduce the
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02731-00755824-00756240 amount of taxes it pays a 2013 US Senate
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02732-00756241-00756450 report claimed that Apple hadn't paid
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02733-00756451-00756681 corporate taxes for five years due to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02734-00756682-00756981 its deals with the Irish government in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02735-00756982-00757311 2016 the European Union ordered Apple to
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02736-00757312-00757997 pay a fine for its actions
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02737-00757998-00758554 topic see also
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02738-00758555-00759072 Apple media events pixar EU illegal
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02739-00759073-00759387 state aid case against Apple in Ireland
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02740-00759388-00759820 leprechaun economics corporation tax in
+cqS0GNkJXEc-02741-00759821-00760107 the Republic of Ireland
+crcPioxmEIE-00000-00000003-00000512 she's still standing yeah yeah yeah feel
+crcPioxmEIE-00001-00000513-00000727 free to break out into song it anyway
+crcPioxmEIE-00002-00000728-00001165 this is not you the whole book just
+crcPioxmEIE-00003-00001166-00001493 we are so happy to have you here the two
+crcPioxmEIE-00004-00001494-00001614 of you and
+crcPioxmEIE-00005-00001616-00001807 we've got some questions from the
+crcPioxmEIE-00006-00001809-00001982 audience that I know you wrote and I
+crcPioxmEIE-00007-00001982-00002416 will get to but first I'd like to
+crcPioxmEIE-00008-00002417-00002963 ask you about the theme of the book you
+crcPioxmEIE-00009-00002964-00003074 point out the women that you're right
+crcPioxmEIE-00010-00003075-00003335 they're not superheroes in fact they're
+crcPioxmEIE-00011-00003336-00003658 inspiring because they are human
+crcPioxmEIE-00012-00003659-00004103 now the elephant in the room is one
+crcPioxmEIE-00013-00004104-00004942 amazing super woman Miss Nancy Pelosi is
+crcPioxmEIE-00014-00004943-00005227 currently
+crcPioxmEIE-00015-00005228-00005427 going through something right now
+crcPioxmEIE-00016-00005428-00005668 [Laughter]
+crcPioxmEIE-00017-00005669-00006043 you wrote about Speaker Nancy Pelosi who
+crcPioxmEIE-00018-00006044-00006242 has faced off with presidents who have
+crcPioxmEIE-00019-00006243-00006509 embodied sexism which brings me to the
+crcPioxmEIE-00020-00006509-00006752 question that's on all of our minds and
+crcPioxmEIE-00021-00006753-00007031 on the TV right now what do you think is
+crcPioxmEIE-00022-00007031-00007335 gonna happen with President Trump
+crcPioxmEIE-00023-00007336-00007651 well let's just jump right in
+crcPioxmEIE-00024-00007652-00007942 but but before I answer that let me
+crcPioxmEIE-00025-00007943-00008288 thank pace and thank president krislov
+crcPioxmEIE-00026-00008289-00008735 and everyone who had anything to do with
+crcPioxmEIE-00027-00008736-00008942 making this happen let me thank the
+crcPioxmEIE-00028-00008943-00009235 Chappaqua Library and
+crcPioxmEIE-00029-00009236-00009623 Joan and Pam and everybody who keeps the
+crcPioxmEIE-00030-00009624-00009992 library going we're so grateful to you
+crcPioxmEIE-00031-00009993-00010295 thanks to scattered books our local
+crcPioxmEIE-00032-00010296-00010696 bookstore in Chappaqua and to the Barnes
+crcPioxmEIE-00033-00010697-00011045 & Noble store here on campus for helping
+crcPioxmEIE-00034-00011046-00011392 to accommodate all of us tonight
+crcPioxmEIE-00035-00011393-00011620 and it's such a thrill to be with
+crcPioxmEIE-00036-00011621-00012128 Vanessa because not only as was said
+crcPioxmEIE-00037-00012129-00012385 when she was introduced she's local
+crcPioxmEIE-00038-00012386-00012667 she's Westchester she's Chappaqua but
+crcPioxmEIE-00039-00012668-00012977 talk about a gutsy woman boy you fit the
+crcPioxmEIE-00040-00012978-00013079 definition
+crcPioxmEIE-00041-00013080-00013286 and we're so happy you're here and your
+crcPioxmEIE-00042-00013287-00013438 mother is here and one of your
+crcPioxmEIE-00043-00013440-00013641 daughter's is here
+crcPioxmEIE-00044-00013643-00013993 okay so what's going to happen I
+crcPioxmEIE-00045-00013994-00014422 have to say that I thought Nancy Pelosi
+crcPioxmEIE-00046-00014424-00014843 did a really extraordinary job this
+crcPioxmEIE-00047-00014844-00015232 morning introducing what is a sombre
+crcPioxmEIE-00048-00015233-00015601 deliberative debate about
+crcPioxmEIE-00049-00015602-00015944 whether or not the impeachment clause in
+crcPioxmEIE-00050-00015944-00016316 our Constitution should be applied to
+crcPioxmEIE-00051-00016316-00016628 the current president and I have a
+crcPioxmEIE-00052-00016629-00016864 particular
+crcPioxmEIE-00053-00016865-00017339 view on this because way back in 1974 I
+crcPioxmEIE-00054-00017340-00017624 was on the staff that investigated
+crcPioxmEIE-00055-00017625-00018085 President Nixon and I was able to watch
+crcPioxmEIE-00056-00018086-00018374 the debate that took place in the House
+crcPioxmEIE-00057-00018375-00018785 Judiciary Committee then and as Chelsea
+crcPioxmEIE-00058-00018786-00018991 and I write about
+crcPioxmEIE-00059-00018992-00019250 one of the members of Congress in
+crcPioxmEIE-00060-00019251-00019475 particular who summed up what was at
+crcPioxmEIE-00061-00019476-00019724 stake in that procedure Barbara Jordan
+crcPioxmEIE-00062-00019725-00020119 with one of the great speeches of our
+crcPioxmEIE-00063-00020120-00020485 past hundred years I
+crcPioxmEIE-00064-00020486-00020878 remember being very
+crcPioxmEIE-00065-00020879-00021362 taken and moved by the seriousness that
+crcPioxmEIE-00066-00021363-00021698 was exhibited by all the members of
+crcPioxmEIE-00067-00021699-00021875 Congress to the point that when the
+crcPioxmEIE-00068-00021876-00022102 House Judiciary Committee voted
+crcPioxmEIE-00069-00022103-00022361 Republican House members voted for at
+crcPioxmEIE-00070-00022362-00022528 least one of the articles of impeachment
+crcPioxmEIE-00071-00022529-00023003 against President Nixon they put as we
+crcPioxmEIE-00072-00023004-00023174 like to say and believe you should
+crcPioxmEIE-00073-00023175-00023633 country over party so it looks very much
+crcPioxmEIE-00074-00023634-00024155 as though the house itself will vote in
+crcPioxmEIE-00075-00024156-00024478 favor of two articles of impeachment
+crcPioxmEIE-00076-00024479-00024800 there may be a very few Republicans
+crcPioxmEIE-00077-00024801-00025154 maybe at least one Justin Amash maybe
+crcPioxmEIE-00078-00025155-00025478 somebody else who will vote for those
+crcPioxmEIE-00079-00025479-00025633 articles of impeachment there might be
+crcPioxmEIE-00080-00025635-00025909 one or two Democrats who vote against
+crcPioxmEIE-00081-00025910-00026126 one or all of the articles of
+crcPioxmEIE-00082-00026127-00026422 impeachment but the end result will be
+crcPioxmEIE-00083-00026423-00026583 this
+crcPioxmEIE-00084-00026585-00027167 very significant vote and I am one of
+crcPioxmEIE-00085-00027168-00027499 those who watched this with
+crcPioxmEIE-00086-00027500-00027773 deep concern because of the national
+crcPioxmEIE-00087-00027774-00028223 security implications of what the
+crcPioxmEIE-00088-00028224-00028523 articles address namely the president's
+crcPioxmEIE-00089-00028524-00028933 behavior with respect to Ukraine and the
+crcPioxmEIE-00090-00028935-00029164 facts are not in dispute this is not a
+crcPioxmEIE-00091-00029166-00029435 he-said she-said this is here's what
+crcPioxmEIE-00092-00029436-00029689 happened in fact the president his chief
+crcPioxmEIE-00093-00029691-00029977 of staff people have worked for him
+crcPioxmEIE-00094-00029977-00030268 experienced non partisan diplomats
+crcPioxmEIE-00095-00030269-00030608 military officers everyone has told the
+crcPioxmEIE-00096-00030608-00030977 same story and it is a story of abuse of
+crcPioxmEIE-00097-00030977-00031099 power
+crcPioxmEIE-00098-00031100-00031510 using the office of the presidency to
+crcPioxmEIE-00099-00031511-00031927 further not the nation's objectives but
+crcPioxmEIE-00100-00031929-00032210 his own personal political objectives
+crcPioxmEIE-00101-00032211-00032645 and that is exactly the kind of action
+crcPioxmEIE-00102-00032645-00032890 that our founders warned us about so I
+crcPioxmEIE-00103-00032891-00033161 believe Vanessa that the vote either
+crcPioxmEIE-00104-00033162-00033434 tonight or tomorrow will pass the two
+crcPioxmEIE-00105-00033435-00033644 articles of impeachment abuse of power
+crcPioxmEIE-00106-00033645-00033781 and
+crcPioxmEIE-00107-00033782-00034025 contempt of obstruction of justice
+crcPioxmEIE-00108-00034026-00034400 because of contempt of Congress and then
+crcPioxmEIE-00109-00034401-00034589 I know there's a debate going on about
+crcPioxmEIE-00110-00034590-00034823 you know when to send it to the Senate
+crcPioxmEIE-00111-00034824-00035054 which has to conduct the trial because
+crcPioxmEIE-00112-00035055-00035195 the impeachment is like an indictment
+crcPioxmEIE-00113-00035196-00035492 but the actual trial is under the
+crcPioxmEIE-00114-00035493-00035930 Constitution left to the Senate and it
+crcPioxmEIE-00115-00035931-00036196 appears based on what we know now that
+crcPioxmEIE-00116-00036197-00036488 Mitch McConnell wants to just you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00117-00036489-00036874 push it through get to a an acquittal
+crcPioxmEIE-00118-00036875-00037327 and then put it behind but I think that
+crcPioxmEIE-00119-00037328-00037568 where we stand now in the country is
+crcPioxmEIE-00120-00037569-00037723 that enough people have paid attention
+crcPioxmEIE-00121-00037724-00038060 that there is a majority in favor of the
+crcPioxmEIE-00122-00038061-00038264 impeachment namely the indictment and
+crcPioxmEIE-00123-00038265-00038504 there is even now a small majority in
+crcPioxmEIE-00124-00038505-00038723 many of the polls in favor of a
+crcPioxmEIE-00125-00038724-00039110 conviction I don't think that's likely
+crcPioxmEIE-00126-00039111-00039389 the current state of affairs but at
+crcPioxmEIE-00127-00039390-00039577 least it shows that the American people
+crcPioxmEIE-00128-00039578-00039865 have really understood why this is such
+crcPioxmEIE-00129-00039866-00040177 an important moment in our history
+crcPioxmEIE-00130-00040178-00040714 understood yes
+crcPioxmEIE-00131-00040715-00041045 so we talked about Nancy Pelosi be a
+crcPioxmEIE-00132-00041046-00041267 gutsy woman and that's the theme of your
+crcPioxmEIE-00133-00041268-00041614 book first of all I wrote a book with my
+crcPioxmEIE-00134-00041615-00041807 mother what was it like writing your
+crcPioxmEIE-00135-00041808-00041911 book together did you write it
+crcPioxmEIE-00136-00041912-00042115 separately in two different places did
+crcPioxmEIE-00137-00042116-00042337 you guys know what you each were gonna
+crcPioxmEIE-00138-00042338-00042537 say
+crcPioxmEIE-00139-00042538-00042961 well we started Vanessa with literally a
+crcPioxmEIE-00140-00042962-00043202 list of hundreds of women that we wanted
+crcPioxmEIE-00141-00043203-00043589 to include and our editor gently and
+crcPioxmEIE-00142-00043590-00043930 then increasingly less gently told us
+crcPioxmEIE-00143-00043931-00044362 that no one would ever read a book kind
+crcPioxmEIE-00144-00044363-00044726 of hundreds of stories and that you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00145-00044727-00044905 it would break a bookshelf it would be
+crcPioxmEIE-00146-00044906-00045260 so weighty so then we narrowed down the
+crcPioxmEIE-00147-00045261-00045389 list and we were quite proud of
+crcPioxmEIE-00148-00045390-00045614 ourselves we got to just over 200 and we
+crcPioxmEIE-00149-00045615-00045901 wrote more than 200 essays and then our
+crcPioxmEIE-00150-00045902-00046118 editor again really knocked gently this
+crcPioxmEIE-00151-00046119-00046604 time said no you have to further kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00152-00046605-00046858 narrow it down and so we we write about
+crcPioxmEIE-00153-00046859-00047068 a hundred and three women or groups of
+crcPioxmEIE-00154-00047069-00047318 women in the book and that was really
+crcPioxmEIE-00155-00047319-00047482 challenging
+crcPioxmEIE-00156-00047483-00047858 because we did feel so connected and
+crcPioxmEIE-00157-00047859-00048118 kind of inspired and galvanized
+crcPioxmEIE-00158-00048119-00048337 especially by the women whose news
+crcPioxmEIE-00159-00048338-00048670 stories we had written but thankfully it
+crcPioxmEIE-00160-00048671-00048830 wasn't terribly contingent I mean there
+crcPioxmEIE-00161-00048831-00048964 were a few times where we were really
+crcPioxmEIE-00162-00048965-00049114 like no we have to include her we have
+crcPioxmEIE-00163-00049115-00049336 to include her you have to give one up
+crcPioxmEIE-00164-00049337-00049549 so I can include her
+crcPioxmEIE-00165-00049550-00049898 but what was really surprising to me and
+crcPioxmEIE-00166-00049899-00050051 it shouldn't have been and and we've
+crcPioxmEIE-00167-00050052-00050212 talked you know a fair bit about this
+crcPioxmEIE-00168-00050213-00050526 because I think it is still
+crcPioxmEIE-00169-00050527-00050824 amusing especially to me as the daughter
+crcPioxmEIE-00170-00050825-00051068 maybe this was your experience Vanessa
+crcPioxmEIE-00171-00051069-00051355 that you know because we are of a
+crcPioxmEIE-00172-00051357-00051565 different generation we do write
+crcPioxmEIE-00173-00051566-00051779 differently and so my mom still writes
+crcPioxmEIE-00174-00051779-00052057 longhand like on white and yellow legal
+crcPioxmEIE-00175-00052058-00052333 pads like she still writes longhand oh
+crcPioxmEIE-00176-00052334-00052704 wow wow I
+crcPioxmEIE-00177-00052705-00053023 can't bow thank you
+crcPioxmEIE-00178-00053024-00053416 okay I hope that I also maybe get some
+crcPioxmEIE-00179-00053417-00053645 similar response when I talk about the
+crcPioxmEIE-00180-00053646-00054035 fact that like we live in 2019 and like
+crcPioxmEIE-00181-00054036-00054529 I use word and Google Docs okay I think
+crcPioxmEIE-00182-00054530-00054710 that there was more applause for that
+crcPioxmEIE-00183-00054711-00055022 and so you know Vanessa just it was
+crcPioxmEIE-00184-00055023-00055192 challenging in a way that I hadn't
+crcPioxmEIE-00185-00055194-00055445 anticipated because like my mother would
+crcPioxmEIE-00186-00055446-00055729 send me like photos of her handwritten
+crcPioxmEIE-00187-00055730-00055830 pages
+crcPioxmEIE-00188-00055832-00056054 and say like you know look like here's
+crcPioxmEIE-00189-00056054-00056369 Barbara Jordan like photo one page one
+crcPioxmEIE-00190-00056370-00056648 like photo to page two and then she'll
+crcPioxmEIE-00191-00056649-00056840 say like but it was a scanning nap but
+crcPioxmEIE-00192-00056841-00057011 like I still received it as like a photo
+crcPioxmEIE-00193-00057012-00057395 attachment and I would send her like you
+crcPioxmEIE-00194-00057396-00057725 know I thought really nicely like flag
+crcPioxmEIE-00195-00057726-00057938 documents with comments of like here's
+crcPioxmEIE-00196-00057939-00058121 where I want you to weigh in mom or like
+crcPioxmEIE-00197-00058122-00058337 maybe you haven't edit to this paragraph
+crcPioxmEIE-00198-00058338-00058613 like you know like comments are your
+crcPioxmEIE-00199-00058614-00058925 friends like track changes are great but
+crcPioxmEIE-00200-00058926-00059213 no she never she never came to 2019 she
+crcPioxmEIE-00201-00059214-00059530 was still like firmly back in 1974 like
+crcPioxmEIE-00202-00059532-00059786 when she was writing on legal pads so it
+crcPioxmEIE-00203-00059787-00060086 was a challenge but it also was a lot of
+crcPioxmEIE-00204-00060087-00060290 fun once I accepted that she was not
+crcPioxmEIE-00205-00060291-00060485 going to change because I did spend a
+crcPioxmEIE-00206-00060486-00060650 couple months like trying to encourage
+crcPioxmEIE-00207-00060651-00060817 her to change and then I just had to
+crcPioxmEIE-00208-00060819-00061001 accept you know that wasn't gonna happen
+crcPioxmEIE-00209-00061002-00061249 and hopefully this would
+crcPioxmEIE-00210-00061250-00061571 enable us to laugh along the way of kind
+crcPioxmEIE-00211-00061572-00061808 of the the heart but gratifying work of
+crcPioxmEIE-00212-00061809-00061970 writing this together so Chelsea was
+crcPioxmEIE-00213-00061971-00062179 there anything surprising of what your
+crcPioxmEIE-00214-00062180-00062438 mother's picks that you surprised we're
+crcPioxmEIE-00215-00062439-00062692 surprised about out of 200 people that
+crcPioxmEIE-00216-00062694-00062776 you
+crcPioxmEIE-00217-00062777-00063280 what was not surprising to me but really
+crcPioxmEIE-00218-00063282-00063536 did feel like a gift was so many of the
+crcPioxmEIE-00219-00063537-00063746 women that she selected were women whose
+crcPioxmEIE-00220-00063747-00064058 stories I had grown up with and and to
+crcPioxmEIE-00221-00064059-00064454 kind of revisit those memories and how
+crcPioxmEIE-00222-00064454-00064646 still vibrant those were for me when I
+crcPioxmEIE-00223-00064647-00064826 intentionally thought about them I guess
+crcPioxmEIE-00224-00064827-00064954 maybe it was a little bit surprising
+crcPioxmEIE-00225-00064955-00065153 like I really do remember her talking to
+crcPioxmEIE-00226-00065154-00065504 me as a little girl about like geraldine
+crcPioxmEIE-00227-00065504-00065684 ferraro and then taking me to go see her
+crcPioxmEIE-00228-00065685-00065942 when I was four like what a big moment
+crcPioxmEIE-00229-00065943-00066116 that was but I hadn't really thought
+crcPioxmEIE-00230-00066117-00066346 about that until we were in this process
+crcPioxmEIE-00231-00066347-00066763 together and that was an unexpected
+crcPioxmEIE-00232-00066764-00067067 kind of real real pleasure to be like oh
+crcPioxmEIE-00233-00067068-00067301 yeah I remember that I haven't thought
+crcPioxmEIE-00234-00067302-00067426 about that in a long time but I totally
+crcPioxmEIE-00235-00067427-00067673 remember like getting all dressed up and
+crcPioxmEIE-00236-00067674-00067847 like going to see her and my mom telling
+crcPioxmEIE-00237-00067848-00067991 me she was running for vice president
+crcPioxmEIE-00238-00067992-00068210 and like how exciting that was the kid
+crcPioxmEIE-00239-00068211-00068531 you know it's so funny because one of
+crcPioxmEIE-00240-00068532-00068762 the things that I was struck by was the
+crcPioxmEIE-00241-00068763-00068942 difference in our experiences
+crcPioxmEIE-00242-00068943-00069209 generationally because when I was a
+crcPioxmEIE-00243-00069210-00069473 little girl I did not know any woman who
+crcPioxmEIE-00244-00069474-00069719 worked outside the home except for my
+crcPioxmEIE-00245-00069720-00069988 teachers and public librarians those
+crcPioxmEIE-00246-00069989-00070169 were the women that I had contact with
+crcPioxmEIE-00247-00070170-00070482 who were working and who I looked up to
+crcPioxmEIE-00248-00070483-00070829 but none of my mother none of my friends
+crcPioxmEIE-00249-00070830-00071026 mothers worked outside the home it was
+crcPioxmEIE-00250-00071027-00071261 kind of a typical post World War two
+crcPioxmEIE-00251-00071262-00071572 suburban outside of Chicago neighborhood
+crcPioxmEIE-00252-00071573-00071951 and so I was constantly looking for
+crcPioxmEIE-00253-00071952-00072263 other ideas about what women could do
+crcPioxmEIE-00254-00072264-00072473 really at the urging of my own mother
+crcPioxmEIE-00255-00072474-00072917 who was very intent upon opening my eyes
+crcPioxmEIE-00256-00072918-00073262 and and expanding my horizons and so
+crcPioxmEIE-00257-00073263-00073574 these were searches for me Brenda Starr
+crcPioxmEIE-00258-00073575-00073838 was a character in the comics and I
+crcPioxmEIE-00259-00073839-00074075 thought she was amazing she had flaming
+crcPioxmEIE-00260-00074076-00074360 red hair she was a international you
+crcPioxmEIE-00261-00074361-00074543 know correspondent and she traveled all
+crcPioxmEIE-00262-00074544-00074693 over the world she fell in love with a
+crcPioxmEIE-00263-00074694-00074864 guy with an eyepatch I mean it was just
+crcPioxmEIE-00264-00074865-00075226 so you know it was so romantic and
+crcPioxmEIE-00265-00075227-00075614 exotic but so was Anne Frank and so was
+crcPioxmEIE-00266-00075615-00075832 Helen Keller and so was Maria Tallchief
+crcPioxmEIE-00267-00075833-00076064 and so was Margaret chase Smith and and
+crcPioxmEIE-00268-00076065-00076400 women that I met in the pages of Life
+crcPioxmEIE-00269-00076401-00076726 magazine or on our TV screens because
+crcPioxmEIE-00270-00076727-00077000 there weren't very many women in my
+crcPioxmEIE-00271-00077001-00077226 elementary school curriculum who were
+crcPioxmEIE-00272-00077227-00077510 held up as historic figures Joan of Arc
+crcPioxmEIE-00273-00077511-00077851 maybe you know Queen Elizabeth maybe so
+crcPioxmEIE-00274-00077852-00078140 it was fascinating for Chelsea to say
+crcPioxmEIE-00275-00078141-00078423 well you know when she was girls most of
+crcPioxmEIE-00276-00078424-00078735 her friends Mother's worked and she had
+crcPioxmEIE-00277-00078736-00078957 a totally different experience and I
+crcPioxmEIE-00278-00078958-00079128 found that a really interesting
+crcPioxmEIE-00279-00079129-00079358 distinction so you were much more
+crcPioxmEIE-00280-00079359-00079644 accepting and not quite so surprised
+crcPioxmEIE-00281-00079645-00079911 about the roles that women played well
+crcPioxmEIE-00282-00079912-00080088 when I was a little girl my pediatrician
+crcPioxmEIE-00283-00080089-00080279 was a woman I remember
+crcPioxmEIE-00284-00080280-00080574 when our mayor in Little Rock kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00285-00080575-00080982 became a woman and and so it wasn't only
+crcPioxmEIE-00286-00080983-00081303 in Vanessa the women in my life like my
+crcPioxmEIE-00287-00081304-00081599 mother's friends or my friend's mother's
+crcPioxmEIE-00288-00081600-00081924 it was also kind of these these powerful
+crcPioxmEIE-00289-00081925-00082053 figures the head of the Children's
+crcPioxmEIE-00290-00082054-00082248 Hospital was a woman and I think that
+crcPioxmEIE-00291-00082249-00082539 really was just a different world within
+crcPioxmEIE-00292-00082540-00082788 a generation kind of for me to grow up
+crcPioxmEIE-00293-00082789-00083087 in of what in the best sense I just
+crcPioxmEIE-00294-00083088-00083255 expected
+crcPioxmEIE-00295-00083256-00083557 but I hoped for but also that I expected
+crcPioxmEIE-00296-00083558-00083753 now I
+crcPioxmEIE-00297-00083754-00084015 listen to The Howard Stern interview
+crcPioxmEIE-00298-00084016-00084251 which was brilliant
+crcPioxmEIE-00299-00084252-00084621 and I can you tell the story talking
+crcPioxmEIE-00300-00084622-00084816 about never seeing a person can you tell
+crcPioxmEIE-00301-00084817-00084960 about the story about when you went in
+crcPioxmEIE-00302-00084961-00085305 as the female lawyer in Arkansas and how
+crcPioxmEIE-00303-00085306-00085596 I won't give it away but your
+crcPioxmEIE-00304-00085597-00085839 trailblazer and a lot of not a lot of
+crcPioxmEIE-00305-00085840-00086097 people had seen you as a female lawyer
+crcPioxmEIE-00306-00086098-00086301 it's an amazing story well who knew that
+crcPioxmEIE-00307-00086302-00086502 I would have an interview of two hours
+crcPioxmEIE-00308-00086503-00086657 and 21 minutes
+crcPioxmEIE-00309-00086658-00086961 with Howard Stern but it was quite an
+crcPioxmEIE-00310-00086962-00087282 incredible experience and one of the
+crcPioxmEIE-00311-00087283-00087474 best interviews I've ever had and we
+crcPioxmEIE-00312-00087475-00087744 were talking about you know my life
+crcPioxmEIE-00313-00087745-00087969 experiences and to some extent his own
+crcPioxmEIE-00314-00087970-00088254 because of where they overlapped and I
+crcPioxmEIE-00315-00088255-00088497 was talking about how when I started
+crcPioxmEIE-00316-00088498-00088749 practicing law in Arkansas and I would
+crcPioxmEIE-00317-00088750-00089142 go out into particularly rural areas I
+crcPioxmEIE-00318-00089143-00089331 might have been the only woman lawyer
+crcPioxmEIE-00319-00089332-00089496 that anybody had ever seen and I
+crcPioxmEIE-00320-00089497-00089760 remember trying a case in a county in
+crcPioxmEIE-00321-00089761-00090026 North Arkansas and we broke for lunch
+crcPioxmEIE-00322-00090027-00090216 and then I came back in the courtroom
+crcPioxmEIE-00323-00090217-00090471 and there were a group of men all
+crcPioxmEIE-00324-00090472-00090786 dressed in hunting camouflage who were
+crcPioxmEIE-00325-00090787-00091029 sitting in the front row of the
+crcPioxmEIE-00326-00091030-00091131 courtroom
+crcPioxmEIE-00327-00091132-00091398 and I just thought it was so odd they
+crcPioxmEIE-00328-00091399-00091551 hadn't been there in the morning and all
+crcPioxmEIE-00329-00091552-00091776 of a sudden there they were so I asked
+crcPioxmEIE-00330-00091777-00091935 the bailiff who are they and they said
+crcPioxmEIE-00331-00091936-00092172 oh you know there they're out you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00332-00092173-00092337 they're deer hunting and they came in
+crcPioxmEIE-00333-00092338-00092491 for supplies and they heard there was a
+crcPioxmEIE-00334-00092492-00092712 lady lawyer in town so they came over to
+crcPioxmEIE-00335-00092713-00093078 see and and so it was those sorts of
+crcPioxmEIE-00336-00093079-00093456 experiences that you know I I had in my
+crcPioxmEIE-00337-00093457-00093681 own life I sometimes talked to the young
+crcPioxmEIE-00338-00093682-00093912 women who work for me or who were part
+crcPioxmEIE-00339-00093913-00094194 of my campaign and I sometimes feel like
+crcPioxmEIE-00340-00094195-00094323 they're looking at me like well what
+crcPioxmEIE-00341-00094324-00094569 century yeah were you we're talking what
+crcPioxmEIE-00342-00094570-00094828 you part of because I also remember very
+crcPioxmEIE-00343-00094829-00095487 clearly how in mid 1970s I applied for a
+crcPioxmEIE-00344-00095488-00095694 credit card I was married by then so it
+crcPioxmEIE-00345-00095695-00095955 would have been 76 77 I applied for a
+crcPioxmEIE-00346-00095956-00096225 credit card and I was turned down and I
+crcPioxmEIE-00347-00096226-00096522 was told you know that I could be added
+crcPioxmEIE-00348-00096523-00096819 to my husband's credit card and you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00349-00096820-00097141 had to pass a law to get rid of that or
+crcPioxmEIE-00350-00097142-00097394 growing up and you know there were no
+crcPioxmEIE-00351-00097395-00097719 sports or athletic activities for the
+crcPioxmEIE-00352-00097720-00098010 vast majority of young women in America
+crcPioxmEIE-00353-00098011-00098284 I played half-court basketball that
+crcPioxmEIE-00354-00098285-00098440 meant you ran to the center line you
+crcPioxmEIE-00355-00098441-00098671 stopped and you had to pass over the
+crcPioxmEIE-00356-00098672-00098862 line and there were three women three
+crcPioxmEIE-00357-00098863-00099184 girls on each side until title 9 passed
+crcPioxmEIE-00358-00099185-00099468 and the year before title 9 passed there
+crcPioxmEIE-00359-00099469-00099672 were how many girls playing soccer the
+crcPioxmEIE-00360-00099673-00099806 year before title my ambassador about
+crcPioxmEIE-00361-00099807-00100073 700 girls playing
+crcPioxmEIE-00362-00100074-00100299 serious competitive soccer at the high
+crcPioxmEIE-00363-00100300-00100647 school or the college little level in
+crcPioxmEIE-00364-00100648-00100842 2018 there were three hundred and ninety
+crcPioxmEIE-00365-00100843-00101003 thousand
+crcPioxmEIE-00366-00101004-00101209 playing serious get better than high
+crcPioxmEIE-00367-00101210-00101424 school or collegiate or even middle
+crcPioxmEIE-00368-00101425-00101643 school soccer so you know I had actually
+crcPioxmEIE-00369-00101644-00101826 met some white I didn't even tell my mom
+crcPioxmEIE-00370-00101827-00101985 this I met someone who came up to me
+crcPioxmEIE-00371-00101986-00102344 yesterday on the street who is a
+crcPioxmEIE-00372-00102345-00102615 canonical nadine national fencing team
+crcPioxmEIE-00373-00102616-00102952 and she's here training and
+crcPioxmEIE-00374-00102953-00103153 she said that she was reading our book
+crcPioxmEIE-00375-00103154-00103297 and she's like I'm here because of title
+crcPioxmEIE-00376-00103298-00103504 9 yeah she's like I went to college here
+crcPioxmEIE-00377-00103505-00103699 because of the n-c-double-a system like
+crcPioxmEIE-00378-00103700-00103873 and that then it's enabled me also to
+crcPioxmEIE-00379-00103874-00104104 stay here and just like I don't think I
+crcPioxmEIE-00380-00104105-00104230 would be on the Canadian national team
+crcPioxmEIE-00381-00104231-00104506 without title 9 and in the recent
+crcPioxmEIE-00382-00104507-00104836 Women's World Cup it wasn't only kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00383-00104837-00105070 so many of the American women who were
+crcPioxmEIE-00384-00105071-00105383 American collegiate soccer stars so many
+crcPioxmEIE-00385-00105383-00105565 of the stars on other countries teams
+crcPioxmEIE-00386-00105566-00105821 had also been American collegiate soccer
+crcPioxmEIE-00387-00105822-00106054 stars so title 9 has changed the force
+crcPioxmEIE-00388-00106055-00106285 of the face of women's sports not only
+crcPioxmEIE-00389-00106286-00106469 here in America but really around the
+crcPioxmEIE-00390-00106470-00106658 world and we and we write about the
+crcPioxmEIE-00391-00106658-00106834 three women who were responsible for it
+crcPioxmEIE-00392-00106835-00107110 you know two women members of Congress
+crcPioxmEIE-00393-00107111-00107463 Patsy Mink and Edith green and a woman
+crcPioxmEIE-00394-00107464-00107803 researcher Bernice Sandler who they did
+crcPioxmEIE-00395-00107804-00108146 this because they were really upset by
+crcPioxmEIE-00396-00108147-00108361 the inequity and and so many of the
+crcPioxmEIE-00397-00108362-00108593 things we now take for granted that are
+crcPioxmEIE-00398-00108594-00108934 open to girls and women although we
+crcPioxmEIE-00399-00108935-00109129 still have a lot of work yet to do are
+crcPioxmEIE-00400-00109130-00109333 because of the gutsy women and women
+crcPioxmEIE-00401-00109334-00109532 like them in this book who knocked down
+crcPioxmEIE-00402-00109533-00109741 those barriers who said wait a minute
+crcPioxmEIE-00403-00109742-00109921 we're not gonna you know give up we're
+crcPioxmEIE-00404-00109922-00110176 gonna keep going and I know in your own
+crcPioxmEIE-00405-00110177-00110434 life Vanessa you've overcome so many
+crcPioxmEIE-00406-00110435-00110752 obstacles and barriers and so you were a
+crcPioxmEIE-00407-00110753-00111097 kind of Pathfinder pioneer from young
+crcPioxmEIE-00408-00111098-00111379 women and girls coming after you who did
+crcPioxmEIE-00409-00111380-00111533 you look up to when you were you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00410-00111533-00111766 starting off and your career well I had
+crcPioxmEIE-00411-00111767-00111958 the support of my parents for sure
+crcPioxmEIE-00412-00111959-00112204 my mother's in the audience and but I
+crcPioxmEIE-00413-00112205-00112469 was my mother told me very early on
+crcPioxmEIE-00414-00112470-00112588 you're gonna have to do better than
+crcPioxmEIE-00415-00112589-00112733 everyone else just to be considered
+crcPioxmEIE-00416-00112733-00113006 equal so I knew that being growing up
+crcPioxmEIE-00417-00113007-00113081 here in a predominately white
+crcPioxmEIE-00418-00113082-00113341 environment but also having to be
+crcPioxmEIE-00419-00113342-00113689 excellent so I was a girl scout I was
+crcPioxmEIE-00420-00113690-00113863 the marching band they could the choir I
+crcPioxmEIE-00421-00113864-00114148 did theater I did all those things to be
+crcPioxmEIE-00422-00114149-00114268 a
+crcPioxmEIE-00423-00114269-00114569 multi-talented performer but that would
+crcPioxmEIE-00424-00114570-00114826 allow me a skillset that would allow me
+crcPioxmEIE-00425-00114827-00115183 to achieve things so between my mother
+crcPioxmEIE-00426-00115184-00115384 and then of course like Lena Horne
+crcPioxmEIE-00427-00115385-00115598 Diahann Carroll Cicely Tyson all these
+crcPioxmEIE-00428-00115599-00115852 people that I have the luxury of being
+crcPioxmEIE-00429-00115853-00116041 able to work with in my lifetime but
+crcPioxmEIE-00430-00116042-00116165 these are strong women that were
+crcPioxmEIE-00431-00116166-00116383 trailblazers that opened the door for me
+crcPioxmEIE-00432-00116384-00116734 so and one of my big things which you
+crcPioxmEIE-00433-00116735-00116915 mentioned in the book is faith so many
+crcPioxmEIE-00434-00116916-00117143 of the women that you mentioned have
+crcPioxmEIE-00435-00117144-00117433 faith what does faith mean to you
+crcPioxmEIE-00436-00117433-00117881 you know it's really true that you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00437-00117882-00118313 for me having having faith and a faith
+crcPioxmEIE-00438-00118314-00118522 that connects me to
+crcPioxmEIE-00439-00118523-00118847 the larger world and the world beyond is
+crcPioxmEIE-00440-00118848-00119222 an instrumental part of my understanding
+crcPioxmEIE-00441-00119223-00119531 of who I am and also a source of
+crcPioxmEIE-00442-00119532-00119894 resilience to know that you can be
+crcPioxmEIE-00443-00119895-00120131 knocked down but you can get back up to
+crcPioxmEIE-00444-00120132-00120403 know that love is the most powerful
+crcPioxmEIE-00445-00120404-00120634 force in the universe and if you're
+crcPioxmEIE-00446-00120635-00120938 lucky enough is you were and I was to
+crcPioxmEIE-00447-00120939-00121148 have you know parents who loved me and
+crcPioxmEIE-00448-00121149-00121384 set high expectations but we're there
+crcPioxmEIE-00449-00121385-00121509 for me
+crcPioxmEIE-00450-00121510-00121816 unconditionally to try to figure out how
+crcPioxmEIE-00451-00121817-00122222 to convey that and model it is all
+crcPioxmEIE-00452-00122223-00122461 connected to my faith and you know I
+crcPioxmEIE-00453-00122463-00122714 grew up going to church going to Sunday
+crcPioxmEIE-00454-00122715-00122989 school I grew up with a great youth
+crcPioxmEIE-00455-00122990-00123293 minister who took me to hear dr. Martin
+crcPioxmEIE-00456-00123294-00123511 Luther King jr. speak when I was in
+crcPioxmEIE-00457-00123513-00123833 junior high school opening my eyes and
+crcPioxmEIE-00458-00123833-00124046 my mind in ways that I had never had
+crcPioxmEIE-00459-00124047-00124343 even imagined and it was all linked to
+crcPioxmEIE-00460-00124344-00124544 faith it was all linked to what kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00461-00124545-00124690 person you're supposed to be how you're
+crcPioxmEIE-00462-00124691-00124978 supposed to treat other people so it's
+crcPioxmEIE-00463-00124979-00125408 been a major you know motivator in my
+crcPioxmEIE-00464-00125408-00125819 life and a lot of the women in our book
+crcPioxmEIE-00465-00125820-00125999 our women who've been knocked down
+crcPioxmEIE-00466-00126000-00126248 who've been marginalized who've been
+crcPioxmEIE-00467-00126249-00126483 criticized who've been
+crcPioxmEIE-00468-00126484-00126764 sometimes brutally beaten for what they
+crcPioxmEIE-00469-00126765-00127045 believed sometimes terribly assaulted
+crcPioxmEIE-00470-00127046-00127544 and left to die who've been exiled who
+crcPioxmEIE-00471-00127545-00127744 have been imprisoned and
+crcPioxmEIE-00472-00127745-00128120 one of the characteristics that you find
+crcPioxmEIE-00473-00128121-00128418 with them is they they hung on to that
+crcPioxmEIE-00474-00128419-00128670 faith and it was not just a faith in
+crcPioxmEIE-00475-00128671-00128823 themselves it was a faith in their
+crcPioxmEIE-00476-00128824-00129083 ability to do something bigger and
+crcPioxmEIE-00477-00129084-00129264 greater than themselves because they
+crcPioxmEIE-00478-00129265-00129610 were part of a greater sense of
+crcPioxmEIE-00479-00129611-00129986 possibility and hopefulness and for me
+crcPioxmEIE-00480-00129988-00130338 that's spiritual and religious and it
+crcPioxmEIE-00481-00130339-00130653 makes a big difference because it's hard
+crcPioxmEIE-00482-00130654-00130893 to keep going in the face of all sorts
+crcPioxmEIE-00483-00130894-00131250 of challenges unless you can dig deep
+crcPioxmEIE-00484-00131251-00131589 down and think you know I really have to
+crcPioxmEIE-00485-00131590-00131739 do this I have to do this because it's
+crcPioxmEIE-00486-00131740-00131889 going to help somebody else I have to do
+crcPioxmEIE-00487-00131890-00131985 this because it's going to make a
+crcPioxmEIE-00488-00131986-00132309 difference you know it it's Cecily
+crcPioxmEIE-00489-00132310-00132722 Tyson's 95th birthday today today
+crcPioxmEIE-00490-00132723-00133002 and so I was I was thinking about her
+crcPioxmEIE-00491-00133003-00133164 and I was also that we write about her
+crcPioxmEIE-00492-00133165-00133380 in the book because she was at the
+crcPioxmEIE-00493-00133381-00133565 unveiling of the shirley Chisholm
+crcPioxmEIE-00494-00133566-00133928 Monument Washington DC with my mom and
+crcPioxmEIE-00495-00133929-00134226 and she has spoken so eloquently about
+crcPioxmEIE-00496-00134227-00134394 her faith and kind of her faith in
+crcPioxmEIE-00497-00134395-00134568 action kind of throughout her career and
+crcPioxmEIE-00498-00134569-00134630 her
+crcPioxmEIE-00499-00134631-00135012 activism and and her kind of persistence
+crcPioxmEIE-00500-00135013-00135228 and just kind of unwillingness to ever
+crcPioxmEIE-00501-00135229-00135533 kind of give up or give in and and
+crcPioxmEIE-00502-00135534-00135921 clearly like growing up kind of wit with
+crcPioxmEIE-00503-00135922-00136284 my mom and and with the values of kind
+crcPioxmEIE-00504-00136285-00136458 of faith being not just something that
+crcPioxmEIE-00505-00136459-00136674 we practiced on Sunday but being
+crcPioxmEIE-00506-00136675-00136893 connected to our lives and to kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00507-00136894-00137031 what my grandmother always called the
+crcPioxmEIE-00508-00137032-00137289 discipline of gratitude is something
+crcPioxmEIE-00509-00137290-00137529 that I am especially grateful for now as
+crcPioxmEIE-00510-00137530-00137955 a parent and trying to help my children
+crcPioxmEIE-00511-00137956-00138198 and their little but you know I just
+crcPioxmEIE-00512-00138199-00138339 already shared that my mom took me to
+crcPioxmEIE-00513-00138340-00138519 see Geraldine Farrar when I was four so
+crcPioxmEIE-00514-00138520-00138618 you know I have a five-year-old a
+crcPioxmEIE-00515-00138619-00138815 three-year-old and a four month old of
+crcPioxmEIE-00516-00138816-00139140 helping them understand kind of these
+crcPioxmEIE-00517-00139141-00139335 stories of faith in action but also
+crcPioxmEIE-00518-00139336-00139686 optimism in action kind of because why
+crcPioxmEIE-00519-00139687-00139863 else would any of these woman have have
+crcPioxmEIE-00520-00139864-00140133 worked so hard if they didn't kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00521-00140134-00140361 feel a calling to it but also the belief
+crcPioxmEIE-00522-00140362-00140652 that their energies and efforts could
+crcPioxmEIE-00523-00140653-00140910 make a difference and so I just I'm so
+crcPioxmEIE-00524-00140911-00141246 thankful to my mom for giving me that
+crcPioxmEIE-00525-00141247-00141390 sense of possibility but also
+crcPioxmEIE-00526-00141391-00141595 responsibility handily that I know I'm
+crcPioxmEIE-00527-00141596-00141820 trying to give to my own children so
+crcPioxmEIE-00528-00141821-00142089 being a new mom and being in the times
+crcPioxmEIE-00529-00142090-00142290 that we are are you optimistic about
+crcPioxmEIE-00530-00142291-00142569 where our nation is going
+crcPioxmEIE-00531-00142570-00142803 well Vanessa I think a lot about
+crcPioxmEIE-00532-00142804-00143107 something that Jim Kim who was one of
+crcPioxmEIE-00533-00143108-00143202 the founders of something called
+crcPioxmEIE-00534-00143203-00143422 Partners in Health with with Paul Farmer
+crcPioxmEIE-00535-00143423-00143794 kind of to help really transform kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-00536-00143795-00144099 healthcare first kind of in in Haiti and
+crcPioxmEIE-00537-00144100-00144343 and Peru and then you know increasingly
+crcPioxmEIE-00538-00144344-00144696 really around around the globe you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00539-00144697-00144924 said a long time ago and then husband
+crcPioxmEIE-00540-00144925-00145132 has repeated since that optimism is a
+crcPioxmEIE-00541-00145133-00145563 moral choice and I just think we have to
+crcPioxmEIE-00542-00145564-00145818 make the moral choice to be optimistic
+crcPioxmEIE-00543-00145819-00146085 because this is not the world
+crcPioxmEIE-00544-00146086-00146344 this is so fundamentally not the world
+crcPioxmEIE-00545-00146345-00146581 that I want you know my children or any
+crcPioxmEIE-00546-00146582-00146826 child to grow up in and so then I have
+crcPioxmEIE-00547-00146827-00147031 to believe that we can change the world
+crcPioxmEIE-00548-00147032-00147211 so that it is not the world that they
+crcPioxmEIE-00549-00147212-00147682 grow up in and I do think that the way
+crcPioxmEIE-00550-00147683-00148056 kind of the the forces who want
+crcPioxmEIE-00551-00148057-00148278 want this darkness that I think is
+crcPioxmEIE-00552-00148279-00148665 permeating so much to become inevitable
+crcPioxmEIE-00553-00148666-00148911 is that they are relying on us to lose
+crcPioxmEIE-00554-00148912-00149136 our optimism and they are relying on us
+crcPioxmEIE-00555-00149137-00149340 to become exhausted and they are relying
+crcPioxmEIE-00556-00149341-00149604 on us to lose our faith and that
+crcPioxmEIE-00557-00149605-00149770 actually just Gerdes me even more
+crcPioxmEIE-00558-00149771-00149998 fundamentally to my faith and to my
+crcPioxmEIE-00559-00149999-00150291 optimism and to my determination to just
+crcPioxmEIE-00560-00150292-00150516 get up every day and do whatever I can
+crcPioxmEIE-00561-00150517-00150772 in the kind of small world of my family
+crcPioxmEIE-00562-00150773-00151048 and then the larger world of of our
+crcPioxmEIE-00563-00151049-00151211 shared community
+crcPioxmEIE-00564-00151212-00151601 yeah you know I have to say
+crcPioxmEIE-00565-00151602-00151828 [Music]
+crcPioxmEIE-00566-00151829-00152069 that that's a really important insight
+crcPioxmEIE-00567-00152070-00152245 that we drew from all these women
+crcPioxmEIE-00568-00152246-00152356 because
+crcPioxmEIE-00569-00152357-00152625 they were optimistic
+crcPioxmEIE-00570-00152626-00152995 you know I write about several women who
+crcPioxmEIE-00571-00152996-00153541 I I just am in such awe so one is one
+crcPioxmEIE-00572-00153542-00153775 Gauri Mathai who won the Nobel Peace
+crcPioxmEIE-00573-00153776-00154062 Prize for her work in
+crcPioxmEIE-00574-00154063-00154399 planting trees in Africa she started a
+crcPioxmEIE-00575-00154400-00154515 movement
+crcPioxmEIE-00576-00154516-00154795 to try to reverse the effects of
+crcPioxmEIE-00577-00154796-00155191 deforestation and climate change and she
+crcPioxmEIE-00578-00155192-00155449 recruited women to plant seedlings and
+crcPioxmEIE-00579-00155450-00155677 by the time she died she'd planted 50
+crcPioxmEIE-00580-00155678-00155959 million of them but it was in the face
+crcPioxmEIE-00581-00155960-00156193 of implacable opposition
+crcPioxmEIE-00582-00156194-00156511 opposition from you know landowners
+crcPioxmEIE-00583-00156512-00156748 opposition from the government in Kenya
+crcPioxmEIE-00584-00156749-00157019 where she was from to the extent that
+crcPioxmEIE-00585-00157020-00157276 she was beaten up and you know severely
+crcPioxmEIE-00586-00157277-00157422 injured
+crcPioxmEIE-00587-00157423-00157696 because she was planting trees and she
+crcPioxmEIE-00588-00157697-00157919 was also speaking out against some of
+crcPioxmEIE-00589-00157920-00158110 the decisions of the government that
+crcPioxmEIE-00590-00158111-00158369 were bad for the environment but she
+crcPioxmEIE-00591-00158370-00158782 never quit she never gave up or Ellen
+crcPioxmEIE-00592-00158783-00159056 Johnson Sirleaf who became the first
+crcPioxmEIE-00593-00159057-00159293 woman elected president of any country
+crcPioxmEIE-00594-00159294-00159588 in Africa and she had been
+crcPioxmEIE-00595-00159589-00159816 arrested imprisoned
+crcPioxmEIE-00596-00159817-00160228 exiled she came back she you know ran
+crcPioxmEIE-00597-00160229-00160438 again she got elected she got elected
+crcPioxmEIE-00598-00160439-00160706 not once but twice and I remember
+crcPioxmEIE-00599-00160707-00161011 visiting her for her second inauguration
+crcPioxmEIE-00600-00161012-00161356 and she asked me if I would speak to her
+crcPioxmEIE-00601-00161357-00161725 Parliament and she said you know in my
+crcPioxmEIE-00602-00161726-00162160 Parliament our war criminals and I have
+crcPioxmEIE-00603-00162161-00162445 to work with them because our country
+crcPioxmEIE-00604-00162446-00162664 can't take any more disruption we've
+crcPioxmEIE-00605-00162665-00162856 sent some of them off to be tried for
+crcPioxmEIE-00606-00162857-00163177 war crimes but we're left with a group
+crcPioxmEIE-00607-00163178-00163543 that we know but can't prove and can't
+crcPioxmEIE-00608-00163544-00163999 deal with under our set our system who
+crcPioxmEIE-00609-00164000-00164219 did terrible things I want you to go
+crcPioxmEIE-00610-00164220-00164428 speak to them and talk about how hard it
+crcPioxmEIE-00611-00164429-00164659 is for countries to you know overcome
+crcPioxmEIE-00612-00164660-00164914 the past but how necessary it is to be
+crcPioxmEIE-00613-00164915-00165181 optimistic so I mean there I am standing
+crcPioxmEIE-00614-00165182-00165307 in front of you know folks and I'm
+crcPioxmEIE-00615-00165308-00165466 looking around saying okay which one's
+crcPioxmEIE-00616-00165467-00165627 the war criminal you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00617-00165628-00166113 or I think about mache bascially who
+crcPioxmEIE-00618-00166114-00166435 was arrested by the government of
+crcPioxmEIE-00619-00166436-00166708 Pinochet the dictator in Chile
+crcPioxmEIE-00620-00166709-00166951 her father was arrested he died in
+crcPioxmEIE-00621-00166952-00167134 prison she and her mother were arrested
+crcPioxmEIE-00622-00167135-00167352 they were tortured then they were exiled
+crcPioxmEIE-00623-00167353-00167578 eventually she got to come back and she
+crcPioxmEIE-00624-00167579-00167776 started she became a pediatrician she
+crcPioxmEIE-00625-00167777-00167932 started working to improve health for
+crcPioxmEIE-00626-00167933-00168178 kids she gets elected and she really
+crcPioxmEIE-00627-00168179-00168352 wants to make a difference well you
+crcPioxmEIE-00628-00168353-00168664 can't imagine being able to keep doing
+crcPioxmEIE-00629-00168665-00168853 that unless you were optimistic
+crcPioxmEIE-00630-00168854-00169081 optimistic not only about yourself as
+crcPioxmEIE-00631-00169082-00169237 important as that is that you can get
+crcPioxmEIE-00632-00169238-00169450 back up you can you know face the
+crcPioxmEIE-00633-00169451-00169651 challenges but optimistic about what
+crcPioxmEIE-00634-00169652-00169918 other people are capable of doing for
+crcPioxmEIE-00635-00169919-00170161 the better and I think what Chelsea said
+crcPioxmEIE-00636-00170162-00170410 is so important because we're in a
+crcPioxmEIE-00637-00170411-00170653 struggle we're in a struggle for the
+crcPioxmEIE-00638-00170654-00170812 soul of our democracy and it's not only
+crcPioxmEIE-00639-00170813-00171172 our democracy but it is democracies in
+crcPioxmEIE-00640-00171173-00171496 the rest of the world as well we're in
+crcPioxmEIE-00641-00171497-00171763 this struggle and if you want to be sort
+crcPioxmEIE-00642-00171764-00171997 of picturesque about it it's a struggle
+crcPioxmEIE-00643-00171998-00172267 between light and darkness and people
+crcPioxmEIE-00644-00172268-00172573 who really do want to crush your spirit
+crcPioxmEIE-00645-00172574-00172987 who want to belittle demean and discard
+crcPioxmEIE-00646-00172988-00173263 you unless you believe and fall in line
+crcPioxmEIE-00647-00173264-00173539 with what they are trying to make you
+crcPioxmEIE-00648-00173540-00173755 think and do and they're trying to
+crcPioxmEIE-00649-00173756-00174130 recast reality in the face of facts and
+crcPioxmEIE-00650-00174131-00174439 evidence and truth so you have to be
+crcPioxmEIE-00651-00174440-00174613 optimistic you have to believe that you
+crcPioxmEIE-00652-00174614-00174880 know what there are more people like us
+crcPioxmEIE-00653-00174881-00175171 who care about evidence truth facts
+crcPioxmEIE-00654-00175172-00175405 rationality who care about treating
+crcPioxmEIE-00655-00175406-00175693 people civilly respectfully who care
+crcPioxmEIE-00656-00175694-00175840 about coming together to make decisions
+crcPioxmEIE-00657-00175841-00176089 and we're just not going to quit we're
+crcPioxmEIE-00658-00176090-00176327 not gonna give up we're gonna keep going
+crcPioxmEIE-00659-00176328-00176561 and
+crcPioxmEIE-00660-00176562-00176915 you just kind of one other point
+crcPioxmEIE-00661-00176916-00177078 particularly I think though connected
+crcPioxmEIE-00662-00177079-00177336 back to kind of faith in faith in a
+crcPioxmEIE-00663-00177337-00177679 particular religious context in that
+crcPioxmEIE-00664-00177680-00177953 after
+crcPioxmEIE-00665-00177954-00178395 after the tragedy of the murders at the
+crcPioxmEIE-00666-00178396-00178535 Tree of Life synagogue
+crcPioxmEIE-00667-00178536-00178727 and
+crcPioxmEIE-00668-00178728-00179175 kind of following on with the rise of
+crcPioxmEIE-00669-00179176-00179346 anti-semitic attacks in New York City
+crcPioxmEIE-00670-00179347-00179816 and the NYPD deploys I think every week
+crcPioxmEIE-00671-00179817-00179952 at least it's been every week at our
+crcPioxmEIE-00672-00179953-00180095 synagogue
+crcPioxmEIE-00673-00180096-00180357 outside our synagogue and so when we go
+crcPioxmEIE-00674-00180358-00180503 we go to synagogue in church every week
+crcPioxmEIE-00675-00180504-00180660 so our kids do have lots of religion in
+crcPioxmEIE-00676-00180661-00180801 their lives we go to synagogue I go to
+crcPioxmEIE-00677-00180802-00181053 church but it is like our daughter she's
+crcPioxmEIE-00678-00181054-00181236 five she notices Vanessa there's like
+crcPioxmEIE-00679-00181237-00181386 she's like you know she says like
+crcPioxmEIE-00680-00181387-00181560 shabbat shalom - the police officer
+crcPioxmEIE-00681-00181561-00181683 isn't thinking they're always very nice
+crcPioxmEIE-00682-00181684-00181865 to her
+crcPioxmEIE-00683-00181866-00182247 but we don't ignore that you know so we
+crcPioxmEIE-00684-00182248-00182397 try to have age-appropriate
+crcPioxmEIE-00685-00182398-00182595 but very real conversations or you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00686-00182596-00182733 our kids like ride the subways and the
+crcPioxmEIE-00687-00182734-00183003 buses and sometimes like you know ice
+crcPioxmEIE-00688-00183004-00183147 has been on the subways and the buses
+crcPioxmEIE-00689-00183148-00183393 and it hasn't happened when she's been
+crcPioxmEIE-00690-00183394-00183546 on the subway or the bus yet but it
+crcPioxmEIE-00691-00183547-00183864 could and so I know that I've been
+crcPioxmEIE-00692-00183865-00184221 criticized by the right like Oh like you
+crcPioxmEIE-00693-00184222-00184391 know we try to protect our kids like why
+crcPioxmEIE-00694-00184392-00184541 does Chelsea Clinton like have all these
+crcPioxmEIE-00695-00184542-00184725 like horrific conversations with her
+crcPioxmEIE-00696-00184726-00184872 children and then why did she talk about
+crcPioxmEIE-00697-00184873-00185116 it openly because I would rather
+crcPioxmEIE-00698-00185117-00185390 my daughter understand in a way that is
+crcPioxmEIE-00699-00185391-00185559 its age appropriate for a five-year-old
+crcPioxmEIE-00700-00185560-00185769 but not like disconnected from reality
+crcPioxmEIE-00701-00185770-00186249 like what is happening because I don't
+crcPioxmEIE-00702-00186250-00186594 want her to be more scared if something
+crcPioxmEIE-00703-00186595-00186789 were to happen but I also want her to
+crcPioxmEIE-00704-00186790-00186885 start to feel the sense of
+crcPioxmEIE-00705-00186886-00187275 responsibility for what like we don't
+crcPioxmEIE-00706-00187276-00187548 want to have to accept and what we don't
+crcPioxmEIE-00707-00187549-00187829 want to be silent about and what we do
+crcPioxmEIE-00708-00187830-00188133 want to change because there are a lot
+crcPioxmEIE-00709-00188134-00188451 of kids who don't have the safety or the
+crcPioxmEIE-00710-00188452-00188628 privilege that she has and I want her to
+crcPioxmEIE-00711-00188629-00188850 also start to understand that because
+crcPioxmEIE-00712-00188851-00189101 hopefully that is how we start to change
+crcPioxmEIE-00713-00189102-00189379 where we are for her future in their
+crcPioxmEIE-00714-00189380-00189632 future as quickly as possible
+crcPioxmEIE-00715-00189633-00189886 amen
+crcPioxmEIE-00716-00189887-00190033 [Music]
+crcPioxmEIE-00717-00190034-00190322 so next year marks the centennial
+crcPioxmEIE-00718-00190323-00190562 women's suffrage in the United States
+crcPioxmEIE-00719-00190563-00190859 what can everyone hear today both men
+crcPioxmEIE-00720-00190860-00191110 and women do to help finish the work and
+crcPioxmEIE-00721-00191111-00191444 do you think that we will finally elect
+crcPioxmEIE-00722-00191445-00191747 a woman president why I have a few
+crcPioxmEIE-00723-00191748-00192046 opinions about that
+crcPioxmEIE-00724-00192047-00192500 boy I sure hope so I think it is way
+crcPioxmEIE-00725-00192501-00192818 overdue but we'll have to work really
+crcPioxmEIE-00726-00192819-00193202 hard for it because it is the hundredth
+crcPioxmEIE-00727-00193203-00193511 anniversary next year women's suffrage
+crcPioxmEIE-00728-00193512-00193774 the passage of the 19th amendment
+crcPioxmEIE-00729-00193775-00194241 and that means that it's been literally
+crcPioxmEIE-00730-00194242-00194473 blink of an eye in
+crcPioxmEIE-00731-00194474-00194921 human history and less than you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00732-00194922-00195158 half the existence of the United States
+crcPioxmEIE-00733-00195159-00195575 that women have been allowed to vote but
+crcPioxmEIE-00734-00195576-00195775 of course just passing the amendment
+crcPioxmEIE-00735-00195776-00196139 didn't guarantee that all women would be
+crcPioxmEIE-00736-00196140-00196483 given the right to vote it took the
+crcPioxmEIE-00737-00196484-00196793 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965
+crcPioxmEIE-00738-00196794-00197045 Voting Rights Act for black and other
+crcPioxmEIE-00739-00197046-00197374 minority women to have a legal guarantee
+crcPioxmEIE-00740-00197375-00197648 that they could vote but that took an
+crcPioxmEIE-00741-00197649-00197903 enormous amount of sacrifice and hard
+crcPioxmEIE-00742-00197904-00198200 work by you know millions of people and
+crcPioxmEIE-00743-00198201-00198607 then we know that we're facing
+crcPioxmEIE-00744-00198608-00198884 organized efforts to cut people out of
+crcPioxmEIE-00745-00198885-00199163 voting right now in many states in our
+crcPioxmEIE-00746-00199164-00199429 country people are being purged from the
+crcPioxmEIE-00747-00199430-00199673 voting rolls their registration forms
+crcPioxmEIE-00748-00199674-00199994 are not being accepted look I believe
+crcPioxmEIE-00749-00199995-00200273 that Stacey Abrams should have been the
+crcPioxmEIE-00750-00200274-00200571 governor of Georgia
+crcPioxmEIE-00751-00200572-00200726 if
+crcPioxmEIE-00752-00200727-00201031 if the vote had been fair and if the
+crcPioxmEIE-00753-00201032-00201312 registrations have been actually put
+crcPioxmEIE-00754-00201313-00201634 into you know the system so we have a
+crcPioxmEIE-00755-00201635-00201861 lot of work to do and that is something
+crcPioxmEIE-00756-00201862-00202144 that everybody can be part of number one
+crcPioxmEIE-00757-00202145-00202372 vote every time you have a chance to
+crcPioxmEIE-00758-00202373-00202519 vote and especially if you're a young
+crcPioxmEIE-00759-00202520-00202605 person
+crcPioxmEIE-00760-00202606-00202785 [Applause]
+crcPioxmEIE-00761-00202786-00203064 do what you can to support voting
+crcPioxmEIE-00762-00203065-00203301 wherever you live and do what you can to
+crcPioxmEIE-00763-00203302-00203601 support people who are waging the battle
+crcPioxmEIE-00764-00203602-00203884 to guarantee the right to vote in places
+crcPioxmEIE-00765-00203885-00204090 that are blatantly trying to prevent it
+crcPioxmEIE-00766-00204091-00204303 like Georgia or just now Wisconsin
+crcPioxmEIE-00767-00204304-00204528 trying to purge you know two hundred and
+crcPioxmEIE-00768-00204529-00204738 thirty four thousand voters now look
+crcPioxmEIE-00769-00204739-00205023 there's a process for purging people if
+crcPioxmEIE-00770-00205025-00205194 they've moved and they didn't tell you
+crcPioxmEIE-00771-00205196-00205426 or they don't show up but this is a
+crcPioxmEIE-00772-00205427-00205712 bludgeon this is to try to get rid of
+crcPioxmEIE-00773-00205713-00205977 young people minorities
+crcPioxmEIE-00774-00205978-00206307 anybody who won't vote the way that the
+crcPioxmEIE-00775-00206308-00206511 folks in charge want to see you vote so
+crcPioxmEIE-00776-00206512-00206698 we have a lot of work to do and we
+crcPioxmEIE-00777-00206698-00206926 should use this 100th anniversary which
+crcPioxmEIE-00778-00206927-00207141 coincides with a presidential election
+crcPioxmEIE-00779-00207142-00207394 to get that work done well and you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00780-00207394-00207585 also in Georgia who purchased three
+crcPioxmEIE-00781-00207586-00207792 hundred nine thousand voters this week
+crcPioxmEIE-00782-00207794-00208053 just seems a little bit suspicious given
+crcPioxmEIE-00783-00208054-00208310 that since the last
+crcPioxmEIE-00784-00208311-00208638 election three hundred and four thousand
+crcPioxmEIE-00785-00208639-00208835 new people had registered to vote
+crcPioxmEIE-00786-00208836-00209112 so that just seems like a little bit odd
+crcPioxmEIE-00787-00209113-00209277 to me
+crcPioxmEIE-00788-00209278-00209631 but I do think Stacey Abrams has just
+crcPioxmEIE-00789-00209632-00210040 been so gutsy and extraordinary in how
+crcPioxmEIE-00790-00210041-00210369 she kind of dealt with her I think
+crcPioxmEIE-00791-00210371-00210729 illegitimate defeat but also with what
+crcPioxmEIE-00792-00210730-00210860 she is building
+crcPioxmEIE-00793-00210861-00211182 through her organization fair fight to
+crcPioxmEIE-00794-00211183-00211544 help ensure that the right to vote is
+crcPioxmEIE-00795-00211546-00211923 protected in Georgia and I hope that if
+crcPioxmEIE-00796-00211925-00212038 this is something you care about not
+crcPioxmEIE-00797-00212039-00212217 only will you try to register her when
+crcPioxmEIE-00798-00212219-00212350 you know and vote in every election as
+crcPioxmEIE-00799-00212351-00212535 my mom said but really look at what
+crcPioxmEIE-00800-00212536-00212706 she's doing and see if you can support
+crcPioxmEIE-00801-00212707-00212941 her in Georgia but also kind of learn
+crcPioxmEIE-00802-00212942-00213096 from what she's doing to figure out how
+crcPioxmEIE-00803-00213098-00213417 to help expand that work and extend that
+crcPioxmEIE-00804-00213419-00213600 really around the country
+crcPioxmEIE-00805-00213601-00213873 you write about Sally Ride in the book
+crcPioxmEIE-00806-00213875-00214165 she started out as a tennis player which
+crcPioxmEIE-00807-00214166-00214339 I did not realize before she was an
+crcPioxmEIE-00808-00214340-00214588 astronaut and when asked why she made
+crcPioxmEIE-00809-00214589-00214762 her decision to be a scientist she
+crcPioxmEIE-00810-00214763-00215142 answered a bad forehand so can you share
+crcPioxmEIE-00811-00215144-00215307 a little bit about your friendship with
+crcPioxmEIE-00812-00215308-00215605 Sally well she was someone who I just
+crcPioxmEIE-00813-00215606-00215962 admired from afar before ever I got the
+crcPioxmEIE-00814-00215963-00216131 chance to meet her and
+crcPioxmEIE-00815-00216132-00216432 she was one of Chelsea's real heroes
+crcPioxmEIE-00816-00216433-00216642 when Chelsea was growing up and so when
+crcPioxmEIE-00817-00216644-00216833 Chelsea was a little girl
+crcPioxmEIE-00818-00216834-00217146 we centered a space camp because she
+crcPioxmEIE-00819-00217146-00217473 fascinated by space and and astronauts
+crcPioxmEIE-00820-00217473-00217729 which was especially poignant to me
+crcPioxmEIE-00821-00217730-00217944 because when I had been a young woman
+crcPioxmEIE-00822-00217946-00218116 and President Kennedy announced the
+crcPioxmEIE-00823-00218117-00218341 space program I wrote to NASA and said
+crcPioxmEIE-00824-00218342-00218488 well you know how could I get to be an
+crcPioxmEIE-00825-00218489-00218637 astronaut and they wrote back and said
+crcPioxmEIE-00826-00218638-00218962 sorry we're not taking girls so I was
+crcPioxmEIE-00827-00218963-00219063 particularly
+crcPioxmEIE-00828-00219064-00219337 excited when Sally Ride was the first
+crcPioxmEIE-00829-00219338-00219580 American woman to go into space but then
+crcPioxmEIE-00830-00219581-00219848 Chelsea has a sort of sweet
+crcPioxmEIE-00831-00219850-00220080 bittersweet story about when she met
+crcPioxmEIE-00832-00220081-00220300 Sally Ride the first time I met Sally
+crcPioxmEIE-00833-00220301-00220544 Ride at my space camp graduation I
+crcPioxmEIE-00834-00220546-00220785 literally was so overwhelmed that I
+crcPioxmEIE-00835-00220786-00221014 tripped over my own feet and and fell in
+crcPioxmEIE-00836-00221015-00221130 front of her
+crcPioxmEIE-00837-00221131-00221334 yeah oh thank you for version it was
+crcPioxmEIE-00838-00221335-00221500 like oh yeah because I was mortified I
+crcPioxmEIE-00839-00221501-00221878 was like 12 or 13 and I was I really
+crcPioxmEIE-00840-00221879-00222012 like think I turned
+crcPioxmEIE-00841-00222013-00222294 like bright tomato red like it was
+crcPioxmEIE-00842-00222296-00222558 really even more painful by my painful
+crcPioxmEIE-00843-00222559-00222715 reaction to it and she could not have
+crcPioxmEIE-00844-00222716-00223155 been nicer to me and I think what is so
+crcPioxmEIE-00845-00223156-00223455 extraordinary though about about her
+crcPioxmEIE-00846-00223456-00223762 vanessa is that she know she was in the
+crcPioxmEIE-00847-00223763-00223975 first class she saw the ad in the
+crcPioxmEIE-00848-00223976-00224251 Stanford daily like where NASA was like
+crcPioxmEIE-00849-00224252-00224440 advertising like hey we're now accepting
+crcPioxmEIE-00850-00224441-00224614 like not just white men like please
+crcPioxmEIE-00851-00224615-00224815 apply
+crcPioxmEIE-00852-00224816-00225221 and she applied and she was in the first
+crcPioxmEIE-00853-00225223-00225744 more diverse cast of kind of potential
+crcPioxmEIE-00854-00225746-00226275 astronauts you know 1978 you know she
+crcPioxmEIE-00855-00226276-00226519 becomes the first American woman in
+crcPioxmEIE-00856-00226519-00226719 space she kind of goes back to space a
+crcPioxmEIE-00857-00226721-00226996 second time and then she does two things
+crcPioxmEIE-00858-00226996-00227160 that I think are really like pretty
+crcPioxmEIE-00859-00227161-00227287 extraordinary like she could have said
+crcPioxmEIE-00860-00227288-00227496 like I'm done but she went back to teach
+crcPioxmEIE-00861-00227498-00227748 at the University of California at San
+crcPioxmEIE-00862-00227750-00227903 Diego and
+crcPioxmEIE-00863-00227904-00228321 particularly worked to mentor students
+crcPioxmEIE-00864-00228323-00228477 she thought what women suit and she
+crcPioxmEIE-00865-00228478-00228657 thought would go on to PhD programs
+crcPioxmEIE-00866-00228658-00228844 because she was determined to like
+crcPioxmEIE-00867-00228844-00229162 change the face of like PhD physics not
+crcPioxmEIE-00868-00229163-00229407 only in San Diego but elsewhere and then
+crcPioxmEIE-00869-00229408-00229840 she created you know a real platform of
+crcPioxmEIE-00870-00229841-00230208 programs for especially like later
+crcPioxmEIE-00871-00230209-00230392 elementary and middle school girls
+crcPioxmEIE-00872-00230392-00230677 because we know that that's when girls
+crcPioxmEIE-00873-00230678-00231030 start to feel like their interest in
+crcPioxmEIE-00874-00231031-00231271 math and science is less valid it's when
+crcPioxmEIE-00875-00231271-00231565 kind of they they start thinking maybe I
+crcPioxmEIE-00876-00231566-00231717 don't want to be an astronaut maybe I
+crcPioxmEIE-00877-00231719-00231855 don't want to be an engineer maybe I
+crcPioxmEIE-00878-00231856-00232012 don't want to be a physicist and that
+crcPioxmEIE-00879-00232013-00232350 she was so determined to change
+crcPioxmEIE-00880-00232351-00232755 the future of a real like not only
+crcPioxmEIE-00881-00232756-00232983 physics but astronauts that she did
+crcPioxmEIE-00882-00232984-00233226 everything she could in her lifetime to
+crcPioxmEIE-00883-00233227-00233373 build the pipeline and recognizing that
+crcPioxmEIE-00884-00233375-00233494 that had to start with like nine
+crcPioxmEIE-00885-00233494-00233823 ten-year-old girls I think was pretty
+crcPioxmEIE-00886-00233825-00233982 innovative when she did it and certainly
+crcPioxmEIE-00887-00233983-00234251 really gutsy and we also
+crcPioxmEIE-00888-00234252-00234619 write about Mae Jemison who was first
+crcPioxmEIE-00889-00234619-00234889 african-american woman astronaut in
+crcPioxmEIE-00890-00234890-00235142 space another great story of someone who
+crcPioxmEIE-00891-00235144-00235578 just persevered in the face of rejection
+crcPioxmEIE-00892-00235579-00235915 and and became a great spokesperson for
+crcPioxmEIE-00893-00235916-00236217 science and space in her later careers
+crcPioxmEIE-00894-00236219-00236429 and we write about two young women
+crcPioxmEIE-00895-00236430-00236844 Reshma Ajani and Kimberly Bryant who saw
+crcPioxmEIE-00896-00236846-00237198 the need for teaching young girls how to
+crcPioxmEIE-00897-00237200-00237442 code how to be
+crcPioxmEIE-00898-00237442-00237717 comfortable with and work with computers
+crcPioxmEIE-00899-00237718-00238101 because ironically there were more women
+crcPioxmEIE-00900-00238102-00238315 graduating with degrees in computer
+crcPioxmEIE-00901-00238316-00238628 science in 1980 than there are today and
+crcPioxmEIE-00902-00238629-00239025 part because the the whole culture
+crcPioxmEIE-00903-00239026-00239343 around technology and computers was kind
+crcPioxmEIE-00904-00239344-00239700 of captured in a in a way by a certain
+crcPioxmEIE-00905-00239701-00239928 group of you know mostly young men who
+crcPioxmEIE-00906-00239929-00240166 were you know fascinated by it and
+crcPioxmEIE-00907-00240167-00240378 absorbed by it and kind of created a
+crcPioxmEIE-00908-00240379-00240573 whole computer culture around the
+crcPioxmEIE-00909-00240574-00240892 science and so both Reshma and Kimberly
+crcPioxmEIE-00910-00240892-00241151 saw this big need and
+crcPioxmEIE-00911-00241152-00241503 Kimberly is an engineer african-american
+crcPioxmEIE-00912-00241504-00241779 woman who's wanted her daughter to be
+crcPioxmEIE-00913-00241780-00242058 exposed to it and Reshma you know I felt
+crcPioxmEIE-00914-00242059-00242225 the same way she's a first generation
+crcPioxmEIE-00915-00242226-00242617 Indian American refugee with her family
+crcPioxmEIE-00916-00242617-00242880 from Uganda and they wanted to fill that
+crcPioxmEIE-00917-00242881-00243192 pipeline that somebody like Sally read
+crcPioxmEIE-00918-00243193-00243471 or may Jemison were the models of a
+crcPioxmEIE-00919-00243472-00243768 cheap well and I think what was so is so
+crcPioxmEIE-00920-00243769-00243933 moving really about Kimberly's story is
+crcPioxmEIE-00921-00243934-00244091 she
+crcPioxmEIE-00922-00244092-00244329 she realized that nothing had changed
+crcPioxmEIE-00923-00244330-00244527 when she took her daughter to a coding
+crcPioxmEIE-00924-00244528-00244677 camp at Stanford her daughter was 10
+crcPioxmEIE-00925-00244678-00244775 years old
+crcPioxmEIE-00926-00244776-00245007 because she thought like she was the
+crcPioxmEIE-00927-00245008-00245223 only like woman in her engineering
+crcPioxmEIE-00928-00245224-00245418 classes you know at Vanderbilt she'd
+crcPioxmEIE-00929-00245419-00245625 been the only woman to like being her ap
+crcPioxmEIE-00930-00245626-00245808 like physics and math classes in high
+crcPioxmEIE-00931-00245809-00246064 school but she she's talking about like
+crcPioxmEIE-00932-00246065-00246238 she just assumed things had changed and
+crcPioxmEIE-00933-00246239-00246417 then she took her daughter to this
+crcPioxmEIE-00934-00246418-00246624 coding camp at Stanford and she realized
+crcPioxmEIE-00935-00246625-00246780 when she was picking up her daughter
+crcPioxmEIE-00936-00246781-00247050 that she was the only girl that walked
+crcPioxmEIE-00937-00247051-00247175 out of the building
+crcPioxmEIE-00938-00247176-00247560 she was like what nothing's changed and
+crcPioxmEIE-00939-00247561-00247738 she said that was the moment she
+crcPioxmEIE-00940-00247739-00247893 realized oh well I now have to help
+crcPioxmEIE-00941-00247894-00248133 change this because I don't want my
+crcPioxmEIE-00942-00248134-00248271 daughter to be singular like it's not
+crcPioxmEIE-00943-00248272-00248526 good for her but also like how much
+crcPioxmEIE-00944-00248527-00248850 potential are we losing and now her
+crcPioxmEIE-00945-00248851-00249081 daughter is in her sophomore year as an
+crcPioxmEIE-00946-00249082-00249317 engineering student
+crcPioxmEIE-00947-00249317-00249587 I have some questions from the audience
+crcPioxmEIE-00948-00249588-00250028 the first one is from Gabriela Tavares
+crcPioxmEIE-00949-00250029-00250341 she says what advice would you give a
+crcPioxmEIE-00950-00250342-00250605 third-year law student as she's seeking
+crcPioxmEIE-00951-00250606-00250769 her career path
+crcPioxmEIE-00952-00250769-00251017 well first of all I think the law
+crcPioxmEIE-00953-00251019-00251492 remains a great career for young people
+crcPioxmEIE-00954-00251494-00251676 and particularly for young women in part
+crcPioxmEIE-00955-00251677-00251892 because there are so many things you can
+crcPioxmEIE-00956-00251892-00252173 do with a law degree
+crcPioxmEIE-00957-00252173-00252560 you have to decide what you feel
+crcPioxmEIE-00958-00252561-00252746 motivates you
+crcPioxmEIE-00959-00252746-00253185 and maybe that is through internships or
+crcPioxmEIE-00960-00253186-00253469 you know job that you start with and
+crcPioxmEIE-00961-00253471-00253731 then you try something different whether
+crcPioxmEIE-00962-00253732-00253950 you go into you know traditional law
+crcPioxmEIE-00963-00253951-00254271 practice whether you go into some kind
+crcPioxmEIE-00964-00254271-00254583 of advocacy law work whether you go into
+crcPioxmEIE-00965-00254584-00254889 government or politics I just think your
+crcPioxmEIE-00966-00254890-00255102 third year you should explore what you
+crcPioxmEIE-00967-00255103-00255315 really care about when I was a third
+crcPioxmEIE-00968-00255316-00255537 year law student what I really cared
+crcPioxmEIE-00969-00255538-00255786 about was children and how children were
+crcPioxmEIE-00970-00255787-00256067 treated by the law and whether we could
+crcPioxmEIE-00971-00256069-00256359 make improvements so that kids had you
+crcPioxmEIE-00972-00256360-00256530 know better protections as well as
+crcPioxmEIE-00973-00256531-00256767 better opportunities and so I went to
+crcPioxmEIE-00974-00256767-00257023 work for the Children's Defense Fund a
+crcPioxmEIE-00975-00257025-00257304 lot of my classmates we're going to go
+crcPioxmEIE-00976-00257305-00257490 clerk on courts or they're going to work
+crcPioxmEIE-00977-00257491-00257678 in big law firms they're going into
+crcPioxmEIE-00978-00257679-00258021 corporate counsel offices or you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00979-00258021-00258282 going to teach law whatever the options
+crcPioxmEIE-00980-00258283-00258534 were but nearly every one of them not
+crcPioxmEIE-00981-00258535-00258717 all but nearly every one of them has
+crcPioxmEIE-00982-00258717-00258965 changed their
+crcPioxmEIE-00983-00258966-00259290 their form of law practice or using
+crcPioxmEIE-00984-00259291-00259563 their law degree for other purposes
+crcPioxmEIE-00985-00259564-00259764 in the years since we've been out of law
+crcPioxmEIE-00986-00259765-00259994 school so you just have to you have to
+crcPioxmEIE-00987-00259996-00260163 try some different things and you have
+crcPioxmEIE-00988-00260164-00260403 to feel good about what it is you're
+crcPioxmEIE-00989-00260404-00260580 doing with your law degree but it gives
+crcPioxmEIE-00990-00260581-00260883 you a lot of flexibility so I'm one who
+crcPioxmEIE-00991-00260884-00261126 continues to encourage people who say
+crcPioxmEIE-00992-00261127-00261273 they're interested in the law to pursue
+crcPioxmEIE-00993-00261273-00261540 it now growing up with two lawyers as
+crcPioxmEIE-00994-00261541-00261798 parents was there any pressure in your
+crcPioxmEIE-00995-00261799-00262170 house no thankfully there was this a lot
+crcPioxmEIE-00996-00262171-00262407 of arguments there were there was lots
+crcPioxmEIE-00997-00262408-00262592 of pressure
+crcPioxmEIE-00998-00262593-00262917 to do my best yeah and to you know
+crcPioxmEIE-00999-00262918-00263333 always kind of finish what I started
+crcPioxmEIE-01000-00263334-00263514 and
+crcPioxmEIE-01001-00263515-00263730 there was also just so much support
+crcPioxmEIE-01002-00263731-00264018 because I loved I loved ballet it was my
+crcPioxmEIE-01003-00264019-00264297 great love and I was never gonna be a
+crcPioxmEIE-01004-00264298-00264453 professional dancer I was not gonna be
+crcPioxmEIE-01005-00264454-00264654 Vanessa Williams when I grew up like
+crcPioxmEIE-01006-00264655-00264873 that was never gonna be a possibility
+crcPioxmEIE-01007-00264874-00265158 for me my talents did not match my love
+crcPioxmEIE-01008-00265159-00265581 and my persistent did not sufficiently
+crcPioxmEIE-01009-00265582-00265830 like kind of raise my level of talent
+crcPioxmEIE-01010-00265831-00266166 and my parents were so good though about
+crcPioxmEIE-01011-00266167-00266385 saying like you should totally love this
+crcPioxmEIE-01012-00266386-00266512 like you should love it you should
+crcPioxmEIE-01013-00266513-00266757 dedicate time and energy to it and you
+crcPioxmEIE-01014-00266758-00266890 also though should find something else
+crcPioxmEIE-01015-00266891-00267033 that hopefully you love that you really
+crcPioxmEIE-01016-00267034-00267285 can like be good at and they somehow
+crcPioxmEIE-01017-00267286-00267471 navigated that in a way that was
+crcPioxmEIE-01018-00267472-00267717 affirmative but also was like oh yeah
+crcPioxmEIE-01019-00267718-00268028 okay I need to listen to that advice and
+crcPioxmEIE-01020-00268029-00268404 and I have always really loved loved
+crcPioxmEIE-01021-00268405-00268746 public health and had felt kind of most
+crcPioxmEIE-01022-00268747-00269019 drawn to kind of chew the field of
+crcPioxmEIE-01023-00269020-00269184 public health and I I teach at the
+crcPioxmEIE-01024-00269185-00269307 mammal school public health at Columbia
+crcPioxmEIE-01025-00269308-00269619 and I I'm really thankful that my
+crcPioxmEIE-01026-00269620-00269764 parents although both lawyers like
+crcPioxmEIE-01027-00269765-00269941 really encouraged me to get my PhD and
+crcPioxmEIE-01028-00269942-00270222 supported me in doing that and so I do
+crcPioxmEIE-01029-00270223-00270381 hope that for some of you who are
+crcPioxmEIE-01030-00270382-00270552 thinking about oh gosh now do I have to
+crcPioxmEIE-01031-00270553-00270741 go to law school you don't to change the
+crcPioxmEIE-01032-00270742-00270873 world there are lots of ways to change
+crcPioxmEIE-01033-00270874-00271125 the world and I'm thankful that my
+crcPioxmEIE-01034-00271126-00271275 parents really did believe that it
+crcPioxmEIE-01035-00271276-00271410 wasn't just kind of rhetoric they really
+crcPioxmEIE-01036-00271411-00271527 believe there are lots of ways to change
+crcPioxmEIE-01037-00271528-00271840 the world but probably the best kind of
+crcPioxmEIE-01038-00271841-00272127 support they gave me was the real kind
+crcPioxmEIE-01039-00272128-00272391 of appreciation and acceptance of my
+crcPioxmEIE-01040-00272392-00272550 love for ballet and the real tough love
+crcPioxmEIE-01041-00272551-00272866 that like that was not going to lead me
+crcPioxmEIE-01042-00272867-00273102 in the same way that probably like
+crcPioxmEIE-01043-00273103-00273255 Vanessa's parents didn't have to have
+crcPioxmEIE-01044-00273256-00273391 that conversation with her because they
+crcPioxmEIE-01045-00273392-00273618 were like oh like she is super talented
+crcPioxmEIE-01046-00273619-00273916 and like this could work out for her my
+crcPioxmEIE-01047-00273917-00274107 parents like you love it so much and
+crcPioxmEIE-01048-00274108-00274269 that's great
+crcPioxmEIE-01049-00274270-00274625 and you need to think about other things
+crcPioxmEIE-01050-00274626-00274887 so this next question is from Devin
+crcPioxmEIE-01051-00274888-00275190 Swing Tintin dear Secretary Clinton
+crcPioxmEIE-01052-00275191-00275484 would you be able to run in the 2020
+crcPioxmEIE-01053-00275485-00276077 race
+crcPioxmEIE-01054-00276078-00276734 well you know I don't I don't think so
+crcPioxmEIE-01055-00276735-00277205 you know look I was so grateful and
+crcPioxmEIE-01056-00277206-00277713 thrilled by the chance that I had to be
+crcPioxmEIE-01057-00277714-00278148 the nominee in 2016 and to campaign on
+crcPioxmEIE-01058-00278149-00278307 what I thought would have made the
+crcPioxmEIE-01059-00278308-00278381 country
+crcPioxmEIE-01060-00278382-00278897 safer and and more prosperous and more
+crcPioxmEIE-01061-00278898-00279215 opportunities for everybody
+crcPioxmEIE-01062-00279216-00279624 and and you know it's really important
+crcPioxmEIE-01063-00279625-00279846 that I to me that I do everything I can
+crcPioxmEIE-01064-00279847-00280067 to make sure that
+crcPioxmEIE-01065-00280068-00280377 we retire the incumbent regardless of
+crcPioxmEIE-01066-00280378-00280933 what happens with the impeachment
+crcPioxmEIE-01067-00280934-00281215 so you know that that's the role that I
+crcPioxmEIE-01068-00281216-00281428 am playing I started an organization
+crcPioxmEIE-01069-00281429-00281694 called onward together we support
+crcPioxmEIE-01070-00281695-00281977 candidates and organizations that are
+crcPioxmEIE-01071-00281978-00282244 working to register voters and convince
+crcPioxmEIE-01072-00282245-00282440 people to run and help train them to run
+crcPioxmEIE-01073-00282441-00282706 and take on you know difficult
+crcPioxmEIE-01074-00282707-00282931 challenges like children in cages at the
+crcPioxmEIE-01075-00282932-00283173 border and other things that need to be
+crcPioxmEIE-01076-00283174-00283444 addressed so that's what I'm focused on
+crcPioxmEIE-01077-00283445-00283560 right now
+crcPioxmEIE-01078-00283561-00283825 and and I and I feel really good about
+crcPioxmEIE-01079-00283826-00284087 that because as Chelsea was just saying
+crcPioxmEIE-01080-00284088-00284260 there's so many there's so many things
+crcPioxmEIE-01081-00284261-00284407 we need to be doing and there's so much
+crcPioxmEIE-01082-00284408-00284671 work that needs to be done right now in
+crcPioxmEIE-01083-00284672-00284926 America and it's not certainly all
+crcPioxmEIE-01084-00284927-00285116 political but much of it is because
+crcPioxmEIE-01085-00285117-00285314 we've got to get our politics back on a
+crcPioxmEIE-01086-00285315-00285574 more even keel without all of the
+crcPioxmEIE-01087-00285575-00285853 vitriol and the meanness and the
+crcPioxmEIE-01088-00285854-00286180 divisive nough so that's really what I'm
+crcPioxmEIE-01089-00286181-00286381 doing in 2020 I'm going to try to make
+crcPioxmEIE-01090-00286382-00286654 sure that we get everybody to vote and
+crcPioxmEIE-01091-00286655-00286940 we get all those voted all those votes
+crcPioxmEIE-01092-00286941-00287077 counted and we get a new president
+crcPioxmEIE-01093-00287078-00287299 that's what I think we also get working
+crcPioxmEIE-01094-00287300-00287607 for it
+crcPioxmEIE-01095-00287608-00287990 this next question is from dr. Kristen
+crcPioxmEIE-01096-00287991-00288280 Cooper Secretary Clinton what has kept
+crcPioxmEIE-01097-00288281-00288539 you inspired what after years of
+crcPioxmEIE-01098-00288540-00288769 advocating for better health care has
+crcPioxmEIE-01099-00288770-00288962 kept you believing we can do better as a
+crcPioxmEIE-01100-00288963-00289262 nation how can individuals advocate for
+crcPioxmEIE-01101-00289263-00289471 comprehensive preventive care in the
+crcPioxmEIE-01102-00289472-00289726 u.s. it's a great question doctor and
+crcPioxmEIE-01103-00289727-00289882 and you know let me answer that and they
+crcPioxmEIE-01104-00289883-00290068 let Chelsea chime in because as she said
+crcPioxmEIE-01105-00290069-00290368 she teaches public health at at Columbia
+crcPioxmEIE-01106-00290369-00290722 and has a PhD and in global health so
+crcPioxmEIE-01107-00290723-00290941 she has a broad international
+crcPioxmEIE-01108-00290942-00291096 perspective
+crcPioxmEIE-01109-00291097-00291367 here's what I would say I think that
+crcPioxmEIE-01110-00291368-00291617 we need to do three things when it comes
+crcPioxmEIE-01111-00291618-00291850 to health we need a system that works
+crcPioxmEIE-01112-00291851-00292072 for everybody to provide quality
+crcPioxmEIE-01113-00292073-00292320 affordable health care
+crcPioxmEIE-01114-00292321-00292725 . and with the affordable care act
+crcPioxmEIE-01115-00292726-00293138 we got to 90 percent of coverage and if
+crcPioxmEIE-01116-00293139-00293308 you look at how we provide health care
+crcPioxmEIE-01117-00293309-00293614 right now in america through medicare
+crcPioxmEIE-01118-00293615-00293979 Medicaid through the VA through the
+crcPioxmEIE-01119-00293980-00294159 Children's Health Insurance Program and
+crcPioxmEIE-01120-00294160-00294455 through the Affordable Care Act we have
+crcPioxmEIE-01121-00294456-00294799 90% coverage which is still a ten
+crcPioxmEIE-01122-00294800-00295080 percent gap but we have rising costs
+crcPioxmEIE-01123-00295081-00295297 because we haven't yet figured out how
+crcPioxmEIE-01124-00295298-00295379 to
+crcPioxmEIE-01125-00295380-00295656 provide quality affordable healthcare
+crcPioxmEIE-01126-00295657-00295932 without you know people having to go
+crcPioxmEIE-01127-00295933-00296310 into debt go into bankruptcy forgo care
+crcPioxmEIE-01128-00296311-00296476 not be able to take care of themselves
+crcPioxmEIE-01129-00296477-00296853 so I want to see us have a robust debate
+crcPioxmEIE-01130-00296854-00297163 now you may not have known this before
+crcPioxmEIE-01131-00297164-00297400 you came in but you know a bunch of a
+crcPioxmEIE-01132-00297401-00297715 bunch of states run by Republican
+crcPioxmEIE-01133-00297716-00298123 officials sued the government over the
+crcPioxmEIE-01134-00298124-00298256 Affordable Care Act
+crcPioxmEIE-01135-00298257-00298527 claiming that the Affordable Care Act
+crcPioxmEIE-01136-00298528-00298867 had no right to mandate people to get
+crcPioxmEIE-01137-00298868-00299277 insurance and a court has just said
+crcPioxmEIE-01138-00299278-00299526 today this afternoon
+crcPioxmEIE-01139-00299527-00299839 that there should not have been an
+crcPioxmEIE-01140-00299840-00300135 individual mandate now I worked on this
+crcPioxmEIE-01141-00300136-00300394 as some of you know back in 93 and 94
+crcPioxmEIE-01142-00300395-00300721 and in our existing system you had to
+crcPioxmEIE-01143-00300722-00300925 have an individual mandate because not
+crcPioxmEIE-01144-00300926-00301066 everybody had health care through their
+crcPioxmEIE-01145-00301067-00301254 employer or they weren't old enough for
+crcPioxmEIE-01146-00301255-00301428 Medicare or they weren't eligible for
+crcPioxmEIE-01147-00301429-00301728 Medicaid or the VA or when we I helped
+crcPioxmEIE-01148-00301729-00301837 to start the children's health insurance
+crcPioxmEIE-01149-00301838-00302014 program they weren't eligible for that
+crcPioxmEIE-01150-00302015-00302263 so you had to get everybody into the
+crcPioxmEIE-01151-00302264-00302610 system and now if this court has its way
+crcPioxmEIE-01152-00302611-00303016 which you know it looks like it will the
+crcPioxmEIE-01153-00303017-00303240 whole Affordable Care Act will unravel
+crcPioxmEIE-01154-00303241-00303544 yet another reason to defeat the current
+crcPioxmEIE-01155-00303545-00303748 President and everybody who voted to
+crcPioxmEIE-01156-00303749-00304184 repeal the Affordable Care Act under his
+crcPioxmEIE-01157-00304185-00304358 administration
+crcPioxmEIE-01158-00304359-00304645 so we have a lot of work to do to get a
+crcPioxmEIE-01159-00304646-00304827 system that works and you know there are
+crcPioxmEIE-01160-00304828-00305130 different ways of getting to a universal
+crcPioxmEIE-01161-00305131-00305328 health care system some people are all
+crcPioxmEIE-01162-00305329-00305563 for Medicare for all some people are all
+crcPioxmEIE-01163-00305564-00305689 for what they call Medicare for
+crcPioxmEIE-01164-00305690-00305896 everybody who wants it some people want
+crcPioxmEIE-01165-00305897-00306118 to still have a mixed system which many
+crcPioxmEIE-01166-00306119-00306357 other countries do that cover everybody
+crcPioxmEIE-01167-00306358-00306496 but they have a public system and a
+crcPioxmEIE-01168-00306497-00306732 private system we just need to have a
+crcPioxmEIE-01169-00306733-00307012 system that provides quality affordable
+crcPioxmEIE-01170-00307013-00307218 care for everybody and nobody is left
+crcPioxmEIE-01171-00307219-00307503 out and nobody has dropped out and we
+crcPioxmEIE-01172-00307504-00307809 need to make sure we cover pre-existing
+crcPioxmEIE-01173-00307810-00307959 conditions which is one thing the
+crcPioxmEIE-01174-00307960-00308271 Affordable Care Act did and that we keep
+crcPioxmEIE-01175-00308272-00308514 young people on their parents policies
+crcPioxmEIE-01176-00308515-00308694 which is another thing the Affordable
+crcPioxmEIE-01177-00308695-00308868 Care Act did and then insurance
+crcPioxmEIE-01178-00308869-00309084 companies don't put a limit on the care
+crcPioxmEIE-01179-00309085-00309243 that you are entitled to have when you
+crcPioxmEIE-01180-00309244-00309435 are sick and you know you can see don't
+crcPioxmEIE-01181-00309436-00309678 get me started there's a lot that we
+crcPioxmEIE-01182-00309679-00310059 need to be doing and I hope that the
+crcPioxmEIE-01183-00310060-00310230 political debate and now this court
+crcPioxmEIE-01184-00310231-00310509 decision convinces Americans that this
+crcPioxmEIE-01185-00310510-00310755 is no longer theoretical if this Court
+crcPioxmEIE-01186-00310756-00310987 decision is implemented which it will be
+crcPioxmEIE-01187-00310988-00311217 if Trump is re-elected then you will
+crcPioxmEIE-01188-00311218-00311413 lose coverage under the Affordable Care
+crcPioxmEIE-01189-00311414-00311655 Act you will lose the protection that
+crcPioxmEIE-01190-00311656-00311796 you have now because of pre-existing
+crcPioxmEIE-01191-00311797-00312072 condition coverage and so much else so
+crcPioxmEIE-01192-00312073-00312313 this is no longer theoretical like Oh
+crcPioxmEIE-01193-00312314-00312441 wouldn't it be nice if we could do
+crcPioxmEIE-01194-00312442-00312582 something and get everybody covered
+crcPioxmEIE-01195-00312583-00312821 we're gonna lose the progress we've made
+crcPioxmEIE-01196-00312822-00313143 under this court decision so we've got
+crcPioxmEIE-01197-00313144-00313380 to do more on a system but we also have
+crcPioxmEIE-01198-00313381-00313650 to do more on wellness and prevention
+crcPioxmEIE-01199-00313651-00313864 and people taking steps to keep
+crcPioxmEIE-01200-00313865-00314109 themselves healthy and keep their
+crcPioxmEIE-01201-00314110-00314307 families healthy and to know how to do
+crcPioxmEIE-01202-00314308-00314541 that because sometimes it's not always
+crcPioxmEIE-01203-00314542-00314817 so easy you know if you don't live where
+crcPioxmEIE-01204-00314818-00315060 you can afford to buy fresh vegetables
+crcPioxmEIE-01205-00315061-00315276 or they're not even available you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01206-00315277-00315429 you can hear all the lectures in the
+crcPioxmEIE-01207-00315430-00315603 world about eat more fresh vegetables
+crcPioxmEIE-01208-00315604-00315765 and you know what you can't afford them
+crcPioxmEIE-01209-00315766-00315966 you can't get them and the Trump
+crcPioxmEIE-01210-00315967-00316173 administration just kicked 700,000
+crcPioxmEIE-01211-00316174-00316473 people off of food stamps so you know we
+crcPioxmEIE-01212-00316474-00316779 are we are not coming up with a sensible
+crcPioxmEIE-01213-00316780-00317028 approach and I feel really really
+crcPioxmEIE-01214-00317029-00317287 strongly that this should be the key
+crcPioxmEIE-01215-00317288-00317553 issue in this election who is for
+crcPioxmEIE-01216-00317554-00317713 quality affordable health care whatever
+crcPioxmEIE-01217-00317714-00318000 the system is we'll get there who is
+crcPioxmEIE-01218-00318001-00318204 going to incentivize wellness and
+crcPioxmEIE-01219-00318205-00318465 prevention and who is not and who wants
+crcPioxmEIE-01220-00318466-00318597 to go back to the old way that leaves
+crcPioxmEIE-01221-00318598-00318768 people out and leaves people less
+crcPioxmEIE-01222-00318769-00318981 healthy and more desperate to get the
+crcPioxmEIE-01223-00318982-00319255 care that they just to have
+crcPioxmEIE-01224-00319256-00319441 and
+crcPioxmEIE-01225-00319442-00319684 [Music]
+crcPioxmEIE-01226-00319685-00320187 and who believes in science and
+crcPioxmEIE-01227-00320188-00320375 [Applause]
+crcPioxmEIE-01228-00320376-00320833 because I was I do really struggle
+crcPioxmEIE-01229-00320834-00321275 with kind of the assault on
+crcPioxmEIE-01230-00321276-00321813 science and evidence and facts in
+crcPioxmEIE-01231-00321814-00322272 general but particularly in you in in
+crcPioxmEIE-01232-00322273-00322401 conversations around health and like
+crcPioxmEIE-01233-00322402-00322638 we're seeing this play out so painfully
+crcPioxmEIE-01234-00322639-00322878 around vaccines you know earlier this
+crcPioxmEIE-01235-00322879-00322988 week
+crcPioxmEIE-01236-00322989-00323223 something that I had thought was gonna
+crcPioxmEIE-01237-00323224-00323451 pass was defeated in the New Jersey
+crcPioxmEIE-01238-00323452-00323664 State Legislature where it looked like
+crcPioxmEIE-01239-00323665-00323898 they were going to really limit the
+crcPioxmEIE-01240-00323899-00324390 exemptions around vaccines and yet so
+crcPioxmEIE-01241-00324391-00324591 many protesters showed up with their
+crcPioxmEIE-01242-00324592-00324840 totally fact-free untethered from
+crcPioxmEIE-01243-00324841-00325167 medical evidence rhetoric around like
+crcPioxmEIE-01244-00325168-00325358 vaccines causing autism and
+crcPioxmEIE-01245-00325359-00325692 sterilization and you know just general
+crcPioxmEIE-01246-00325693-00326022 unspecified harm and they literally
+crcPioxmEIE-01247-00326023-00326276 drowned out the debate and I think
+crcPioxmEIE-01248-00326277-00326469 exhausted the legislators and the
+crcPioxmEIE-01249-00326470-00326667 legislators left that day without having
+crcPioxmEIE-01250-00326668-00327035 passed you know limiting the possible
+crcPioxmEIE-01251-00327036-00327315 exemptions why is this so important well
+crcPioxmEIE-01252-00327316-00327501 you know vaccination rates in New Jersey
+crcPioxmEIE-01253-00327502-00327717 have been higher actually than in New
+crcPioxmEIE-01254-00327718-00327972 York so they haven't had the same you
+crcPioxmEIE-01255-00327973-00328167 know hundreds of measles cases that
+crcPioxmEIE-01256-00328168-00328334 we've had here including you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01257-00328335-00328532 seventeen kids who were in critical care
+crcPioxmEIE-01258-00328533-00328730 last year some of whom are forever going
+crcPioxmEIE-01259-00328731-00328887 to have their lives altered by the fact
+crcPioxmEIE-01260-00328888-00329192 that they were afflicted with measles
+crcPioxmEIE-01261-00329193-00329541 but their vaccination rates are at 94%
+crcPioxmEIE-01262-00329542-00329796 and they're dropping right so they're
+crcPioxmEIE-01263-00329797-00330096 losing herd immunity and so there was
+crcPioxmEIE-01264-00330097-00330402 the right impulse of like we should make
+crcPioxmEIE-01265-00330403-00330662 it harder for people to not vaccinate
+crcPioxmEIE-01266-00330663-00330894 themselves and their kids so that we
+crcPioxmEIE-01267-00330895-00331034 preserve herd immunity so that we're
+crcPioxmEIE-01268-00331035-00331275 protecting those like my four and a half
+crcPioxmEIE-01269-00331276-00331446 month old son who is not old enough yet
+crcPioxmEIE-01270-00331447-00331579 to be vaccinated
+crcPioxmEIE-01271-00331580-00331878 or those who are immunocompromised who
+crcPioxmEIE-01272-00331879-00332108 have lost their immunity because they're
+crcPioxmEIE-01273-00332109-00332339 on chemotherapy or other article
+crcPioxmEIE-01274-00332340-00332611 treatments or the very few number who
+crcPioxmEIE-01275-00332612-00332843 cannot for other medical reasons
+crcPioxmEIE-01276-00332844-00333137 actually be vaccinated but unfortunately
+crcPioxmEIE-01277-00333138-00333482 the anti-vaxxers one at least
+crcPioxmEIE-01278-00333483-00333740 temporarily in New Jersey and the fact
+crcPioxmEIE-01279-00333741-00333920 that they won while we are having
+crcPioxmEIE-01280-00333921-00334214 measles outbreaks around the world in
+crcPioxmEIE-01281-00334215-00334685 Samoa where more than 70 kids have now
+crcPioxmEIE-01282-00334686-00335060 died is so painful to me but it says to
+crcPioxmEIE-01283-00335061-00335240 me yet again like these anti science
+crcPioxmEIE-01284-00335241-00335600 anti evidence anti fact forces are
+crcPioxmEIE-01285-00335601-00335840 potent and they're powerful and we see
+crcPioxmEIE-01286-00335841-00336281 it so clearly not only around you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01287-00336282-00336629 Donald Trump but in debates around
+crcPioxmEIE-01288-00336630-00336800 climate change that shouldn't be debates
+crcPioxmEIE-01289-00336801-00336983 and debates around vaccines like
+crcPioxmEIE-01290-00336984-00337166 shouldn't be debates because the science
+crcPioxmEIE-01291-00337167-00337439 is settled and I just think for those of
+crcPioxmEIE-01292-00337440-00337700 us who feel this way so strongly it's
+crcPioxmEIE-01293-00337701-00337898 not only continuing to advocate for the
+crcPioxmEIE-01294-00337899-00338150 science but continuing to push back
+crcPioxmEIE-01295-00338151-00338438 against like the both side isms because
+crcPioxmEIE-01296-00338439-00338762 there is not a both sides to vaccines
+crcPioxmEIE-01297-00338763-00339086 and there is not a both sides to climate
+crcPioxmEIE-01298-00339087-00339326 change and there is not a both sides to
+crcPioxmEIE-01299-00339327-00339488 whether or not a swastika or a
+crcPioxmEIE-01300-00339489-00339701 confederate flag is a symbol of hate and
+crcPioxmEIE-01301-00339702-00339974 that both side isms is going to kill us
+crcPioxmEIE-01302-00339975-00340274 because it's killing us right now so I
+crcPioxmEIE-01303-00340275-00340604 just think like we cannot see this
+crcPioxmEIE-01304-00340605-00340904 ground and we cannot allow our
+crcPioxmEIE-01305-00340905-00341330 legislators to be scared because it is
+crcPioxmEIE-01306-00341331-00341555 probably really scary when 6,000 people
+crcPioxmEIE-01307-00341556-00341693 show up outside the New Jersey State
+crcPioxmEIE-01308-00341694-00341951 Legislature and people bang drums and
+crcPioxmEIE-01309-00341952-00342161 you have kids kind of appropriating the
+crcPioxmEIE-01310-00342162-00342326 language around like the pro-choice
+crcPioxmEIE-01311-00342327-00342587 debates to say like you know my body my
+crcPioxmEIE-01312-00342588-00342761 choice with vaccines like let me go to
+crcPioxmEIE-01313-00342762-00342986 school like I get it it's scary but this
+crcPioxmEIE-01314-00342987-00343319 is why you weren't elected so please do
+crcPioxmEIE-01315-00343320-00343481 your job but the rest of us have to
+crcPioxmEIE-01316-00343482-00343628 support them so they can do their job
+crcPioxmEIE-01317-00343629-00343958 and clearly as my mom said like she has
+crcPioxmEIE-01318-00343959-00344093 her strong feelings about things like I
+crcPioxmEIE-01319-00344094-00344393 feel this really intensely but I feel
+crcPioxmEIE-01320-00344394-00344699 okay about that because it is only the
+crcPioxmEIE-01321-00344700-00344915 future of Public Health which means it's
+crcPioxmEIE-01322-00344916-00345038 only the future of like the human
+crcPioxmEIE-01323-00345039-00345488 species
+crcPioxmEIE-01324-00345489-00345734 we have time for a couple more questions
+crcPioxmEIE-01325-00345735-00345983 this one is from Wendy Wallner as a
+crcPioxmEIE-01326-00345984-00346232 woman entrepreneur how do I manage being
+crcPioxmEIE-01327-00346233-00346488 assertive and strong and still likable
+crcPioxmEIE-01328-00346489-00346772 how do others get to ever know the real
+crcPioxmEIE-01329-00346773-00347237 you oh if I only knew you
+crcPioxmEIE-01330-00347238-00347562 know this is the classic conundrum for
+crcPioxmEIE-01331-00347563-00347858 women in the public arena whether it's
+crcPioxmEIE-01332-00347859-00348162 politics or business or academics or
+crcPioxmEIE-01333-00348163-00348425 media or entertainment whatever it might
+crcPioxmEIE-01334-00348426-00348740 be and you know there's there I have two
+crcPioxmEIE-01335-00348741-00348987 answers this one is look there are
+crcPioxmEIE-01336-00348988-00349318 tactics and strategies that you can
+crcPioxmEIE-01337-00349319-00349802 learn and apply you know you know having
+crcPioxmEIE-01338-00349803-00350069 a sense of humor not taking yourself too
+crcPioxmEIE-01339-00350070-00350194 seriously
+crcPioxmEIE-01340-00350195-00350429 coming up with some you know good
+crcPioxmEIE-01341-00350430-00350712 responses when you're in that inevitable
+crcPioxmEIE-01342-00350713-00350990 meeting and you make a point nobody pays
+crcPioxmEIE-01343-00350991-00351185 attention and then a man a minute later
+crcPioxmEIE-01344-00351186-00351338 makes the same point everybody tells
+crcPioxmEIE-01345-00351339-00351515 them what a great point it is and then
+crcPioxmEIE-01346-00351516-00351821 you you know you say well I'm so glad he
+crcPioxmEIE-01347-00351822-00352001 agrees with me or whatever it is that
+crcPioxmEIE-01348-00352002-00352250 you you think would you know kind of cut
+crcPioxmEIE-01349-00352251-00352496 the the tension but make the point and
+crcPioxmEIE-01350-00352497-00352847 find solidarity with other women and men
+crcPioxmEIE-01351-00352848-00353240 who want to support you in your career
+crcPioxmEIE-01352-00353241-00353570 in your business or your profession
+crcPioxmEIE-01353-00353571-00353862 whatever it might be but also we've got
+crcPioxmEIE-01354-00353863-00354115 to change the dialogue
+crcPioxmEIE-01355-00354116-00354446 when was the last time you saw a public
+crcPioxmEIE-01356-00354447-00354734 male figure being debated as to whether
+crcPioxmEIE-01357-00354735-00355019 or not he was likeable because that's
+crcPioxmEIE-01358-00355020-00355283 just not in the vocabulary when you look
+crcPioxmEIE-01359-00355284-00355412 at men they get credit for being
+crcPioxmEIE-01360-00355413-00355715 aggressive and assertive they get credit
+crcPioxmEIE-01361-00355716-00356021 for being strong for you know really
+crcPioxmEIE-01362-00356022-00356297 grabbing you know the opportunity that
+crcPioxmEIE-01363-00356298-00356600 is provided and we're still living in a
+crcPioxmEIE-01364-00356601-00356885 kind of paradigm where you know women
+crcPioxmEIE-01365-00356886-00357119 and girls are held to a totally
+crcPioxmEIE-01366-00357120-00357314 different double standard you know one
+crcPioxmEIE-01367-00357315-00357458 of the things that Chelsea and I saw a
+crcPioxmEIE-01368-00357459-00357788 few months ago was a report about a one
+crcPioxmEIE-01369-00357789-00358109 of the big accounting firms that in all
+crcPioxmEIE-01370-00358110-00358380 good faith as they thought were true to
+crcPioxmEIE-01371-00358381-00358764 help the women in their firm get ahead
+crcPioxmEIE-01372-00358765-00358958 and so they
+crcPioxmEIE-01373-00358959-00359271 contracted for a training skills program
+crcPioxmEIE-01374-00359272-00359556 and the training skills program came in
+crcPioxmEIE-01375-00359557-00359744 and basically
+crcPioxmEIE-01376-00359745-00359997 reinforced every stereotype you can
+crcPioxmEIE-01377-00359998-00360225 imagine that you know women should be
+crcPioxmEIE-01378-00360226-00360371 soft-spoken
+crcPioxmEIE-01379-00360372-00360798 women should be gentle women should not
+crcPioxmEIE-01380-00360799-00361248 be too assertive and women should try to
+crcPioxmEIE-01381-00361249-00361527 essentially hide their ambition I mean
+crcPioxmEIE-01382-00361528-00361755 you could have had that same advice
+crcPioxmEIE-01383-00361756-00362228 given in the 1950s so part of it is
+crcPioxmEIE-01384-00362229-00362453 owning who you are
+crcPioxmEIE-01385-00362454-00362646 figuring out how best to present
+crcPioxmEIE-01386-00362647-00363012 yourself and taking advice from people
+crcPioxmEIE-01387-00363013-00363282 whom you trust who can say well you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01388-00363283-00363483 maybe you could have offered it this way
+crcPioxmEIE-01389-00363484-00363633 and maybe that would have been more
+crcPioxmEIE-01390-00363634-00363903 effective certainly keep learning about
+crcPioxmEIE-01391-00363904-00364233 how you better present yourself but do
+crcPioxmEIE-01392-00364234-00364488 not take criticism personally take it
+crcPioxmEIE-01393-00364489-00364764 seriously so you can learn from it but
+crcPioxmEIE-01394-00364765-00365013 don't let it knock you down or hold you
+crcPioxmEIE-01395-00365014-00365298 back and be in solidarity with other
+crcPioxmEIE-01396-00365299-00365646 women so that we grow the pipeline and
+crcPioxmEIE-01397-00365647-00365937 grow the numbers of women who are going
+crcPioxmEIE-01398-00365938-00366180 to be able to you know break down
+crcPioxmEIE-01399-00366181-00366441 barriers and you know try to create more
+crcPioxmEIE-01400-00366442-00366623 opportunities for those who come after
+crcPioxmEIE-01401-00366624-00366978 I'm not saying it's easy but we all have
+crcPioxmEIE-01402-00366979-00367179 to keep trying and we all have to learn
+crcPioxmEIE-01403-00367180-00367785 and support each other and doing that
+crcPioxmEIE-01404-00367786-00368052 this next question is from lien
+crcPioxmEIE-01405-00368053-00368349 short-haul and he is nine years old he
+crcPioxmEIE-01406-00368350-00368601 asked who is your favorite baseball team
+crcPioxmEIE-01407-00368602-00369066 and player
+crcPioxmEIE-01408-00369067-00369281 so
+crcPioxmEIE-01409-00369282-00369600 my husband grew up in Philadelphia and
+crcPioxmEIE-01410-00369601-00370066 oh there was like someone who okay Hey
+crcPioxmEIE-01411-00370067-00370413 yeah so when we were
+crcPioxmEIE-01412-00370414-00370628 [Music]
+crcPioxmEIE-01413-00370629-00370920 like when we were engaged he was like
+crcPioxmEIE-01414-00370921-00371041 you know we're gonna raise our children
+crcPioxmEIE-01415-00371042-00371298 to be like Philadelphia sports fans and
+crcPioxmEIE-01416-00371299-00371466 I was like I don't actually know that
+crcPioxmEIE-01417-00371467-00371745 like I didn't I didn't know that like
+crcPioxmEIE-01418-00371746-00371973 you assumed that like I'm not signing up
+crcPioxmEIE-01419-00371974-00372224 for that like we live in New York
+crcPioxmEIE-01420-00372225-00372438 and
+crcPioxmEIE-01421-00372439-00372846 he said well no and I said well yes so
+crcPioxmEIE-01422-00372847-00373020 we had this long debate and he got the
+crcPioxmEIE-01423-00373021-00373368 Eagles so we are an Eagles family
+crcPioxmEIE-01424-00373369-00373768 and oh I'm sorry I just did really like
+crcPioxmEIE-01425-00373769-00374010 we had you know compromise compromise in
+crcPioxmEIE-01426-00374011-00374317 marriages it's it's important thing so
+crcPioxmEIE-01427-00374318-00374607 and we organized basically our entire
+crcPioxmEIE-01428-00374608-00374887 fall around like him being able to watch
+crcPioxmEIE-01429-00374888-00375156 the Eagles games him being able to go to
+crcPioxmEIE-01430-00375157-00375295 the Eagles games when they're in
+crcPioxmEIE-01431-00375296-00375420 Philadelphia
+crcPioxmEIE-01432-00375421-00375633 he is now like taking our daughter
+crcPioxmEIE-01433-00375634-00375834 because I was like you got it's for our
+crcPioxmEIE-01434-00375835-00375964 daughters and our sons if this is like
+crcPioxmEIE-01435-00375965-00376158 all in family it's like all in family
+crcPioxmEIE-01436-00376159-00376414 right like the girls and the boys I also
+crcPioxmEIE-01437-00376415-00376557 make him talk about like head injuries
+crcPioxmEIE-01438-00376558-00376669 with our kids or like what are you
+crcPioxmEIE-01439-00376670-00376805 talking about
+crcPioxmEIE-01440-00376806-00377133 and but that otherwise we were going to
+crcPioxmEIE-01441-00377134-00377429 be a New York family
+crcPioxmEIE-01442-00377430-00377818 so we became like a it was easy for
+crcPioxmEIE-01443-00377819-00377989 hockey like we only had one choice if
+crcPioxmEIE-01444-00377990-00378115 you live in New York City it was
+crcPioxmEIE-01445-00378116-00378297 initially easy for basketball then we
+crcPioxmEIE-01446-00378298-00378632 got like a second basketball team and
+crcPioxmEIE-01447-00378633-00379008 then we had to navigate that but we had
+crcPioxmEIE-01448-00379009-00379176 two baseball teams so this actually was
+crcPioxmEIE-01449-00379177-00379334 like a really
+crcPioxmEIE-01450-00379335-00379548 real this is like way more than you
+crcPioxmEIE-01451-00379549-00379663 wanted to know about my family we're
+crcPioxmEIE-01452-00379664-00379872 like out of time I'm sorry I'm sorry you
+crcPioxmEIE-01453-00379873-00380143 asked anybody answer any angles you're
+crcPioxmEIE-01454-00380144-00380314 mad you thought there was to be like one
+crcPioxmEIE-01455-00380315-00380620 clear answer right so we went to both of
+crcPioxmEIE-01456-00380621-00380773 the games as if like we would know I
+crcPioxmEIE-01457-00380774-00380959 don't know we like auditions if they
+crcPioxmEIE-01458-00380960-00381087 care about
+crcPioxmEIE-01459-00381088-00381486 and and we settle on the mess I
+crcPioxmEIE-01460-00381487-00381718 don't know if that was the right answer
+crcPioxmEIE-01461-00381719-00381964 for you and not the right answer for me
+crcPioxmEIE-01462-00381965-00382137 it's not the right answer for my mom but
+crcPioxmEIE-01463-00382138-00382417 okay and and here's Jack like we'd like
+crcPioxmEIE-01464-00382418-00382657 we'd liked the stadium I don't know like
+crcPioxmEIE-01465-00382658-00382849 I liked the blue and orange like I don't
+crcPioxmEIE-01466-00382850-00383014 know they're like we don't really have a
+crcPioxmEIE-01467-00383015-00383179 good answer but now we're all in cuz
+crcPioxmEIE-01468-00383180-00383314 then you have kids and you're like this
+crcPioxmEIE-01469-00383315-00383505 is what we're doing
+crcPioxmEIE-01470-00383506-00383755 well I have a totally different story
+crcPioxmEIE-01471-00383756-00383983 which you know got me into all kinds of
+crcPioxmEIE-01472-00383984-00384142 trouble but it happens to be true like
+crcPioxmEIE-01473-00384143-00384283 so many of my stories are getting to me
+crcPioxmEIE-01474-00384284-00384553 into all kinds of trouble so when I was
+crcPioxmEIE-01475-00384554-00384823 growing up in Chicago there were two
+crcPioxmEIE-01476-00384824-00385141 baseball teams the Cubs and the White
+crcPioxmEIE-01477-00385142-00385435 Sox and it depended upon where you lived
+crcPioxmEIE-01478-00385436-00385690 if you lived on the north side or in the
+crcPioxmEIE-01479-00385691-00385891 northern suburbs you were a Cubs fan
+crcPioxmEIE-01480-00385892-00386077 which is where I live or if you lived on
+crcPioxmEIE-01481-00386078-00386302 the south side or the southern suburbs
+crcPioxmEIE-01482-00386303-00386629 you were a White Sox fan so I grew up
+crcPioxmEIE-01483-00386630-00386881 being a Cubs fan and you know it really
+crcPioxmEIE-01484-00386882-00387064 was one of the great learning
+crcPioxmEIE-01485-00387065-00387301 experiences of my life because they were
+crcPioxmEIE-01486-00387302-00387574 so disappointing and so heartbreaking
+crcPioxmEIE-01487-00387575-00387934 and and you know fourth of July would
+crcPioxmEIE-01488-00387935-00388090 come and people would say they're gonna
+crcPioxmEIE-01489-00388091-00388291 make it they're gonna make it you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01490-00388292-00388465 this is the year and then of course you
+crcPioxmEIE-01491-00388466-00388807 know it was a big fade-out and so my
+crcPioxmEIE-01492-00388808-00388908 all-time
+crcPioxmEIE-01493-00388909-00389248 favorite Cubs player was Ernie Banks who
+crcPioxmEIE-01494-00389249-00389692 I adored and so fast forward when I was
+crcPioxmEIE-01495-00389693-00390004 first lady I got to go throw the ball
+crcPioxmEIE-01496-00390005-00390337 out but again I was first lady they've
+crcPioxmEIE-01497-00390338-00390517 never had a first lady on the mound so
+crcPioxmEIE-01498-00390518-00390793 they said we're not gonna put you on the
+crcPioxmEIE-01499-00390794-00391093 mound we're gonna have you throw it you
+crcPioxmEIE-01500-00391094-00391413 know from the bleachers okay fine I
+crcPioxmEIE-01501-00391414-00391630 practiced and everything but anyway I
+crcPioxmEIE-01502-00391631-00391801 threw it from the bleachers but I got to
+crcPioxmEIE-01503-00391802-00391996 meet Ernie Banks and I got to spend time
+crcPioxmEIE-01504-00391997-00392221 with him so here's why I'm telling you
+crcPioxmEIE-01505-00392222-00392443 this story and why I have a little bit
+crcPioxmEIE-01506-00392444-00392734 of a problem with the solution and
+crcPioxmEIE-01507-00392735-00392971 choice that my daughter and her family
+crcPioxmEIE-01508-00392972-00393072 made
+crcPioxmEIE-01509-00393073-00393554 so when you are when you are a fan of a
+crcPioxmEIE-01510-00393555-00393884 constantly losing team you've got to
+crcPioxmEIE-01511-00393885-00394326 find some hope somewhere so I said look
+crcPioxmEIE-01512-00394327-00394539 I can't root against the Cubs but
+crcPioxmEIE-01513-00394540-00394818 they're in the National League so I can
+crcPioxmEIE-01514-00394819-00395025 root for the Yankees because they're in
+crcPioxmEIE-01515-00395026-00395177 the American League
+crcPioxmEIE-01516-00395178-00395597 and so I became a very serious
+crcPioxmEIE-01517-00395598-00395906 follower of Yankees baseball for a
+crcPioxmEIE-01518-00395907-00396182 number of years when I was like you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01519-00396183-00396407 seven years old I was Mickey Mantle for
+crcPioxmEIE-01520-00396408-00396651 Halloween I had a little uniform with
+crcPioxmEIE-01521-00396652-00396828 the number seven on it and all of that I
+crcPioxmEIE-01522-00396829-00397155 saw no conflict whatsoever so fast
+crcPioxmEIE-01523-00397156-00397431 forward to Bill being in the White House
+crcPioxmEIE-01524-00397432-00397653 and you know Yankees you know win the
+crcPioxmEIE-01525-00397654-00397944 World Series and they sports teams
+crcPioxmEIE-01526-00397945-00398115 actually liked to come to the White
+crcPioxmEIE-01527-00398116-00398710 House back in those days and so
+crcPioxmEIE-01528-00398711-00399016 the Yankees came I was so excited and
+crcPioxmEIE-01529-00399017-00399277 you know somebody handed me a Yankees
+crcPioxmEIE-01530-00399278-00399493 cap and I put it on and oh my god thank
+crcPioxmEIE-01531-00399494-00399652 goodness there was no social media
+crcPioxmEIE-01532-00399653-00399937 because I was so roasted in the regular
+crcPioxmEIE-01533-00399938-00400177 media what is she doing she's from
+crcPioxmEIE-01534-00400178-00400414 Chicago why is she wearing a Yankees hat
+crcPioxmEIE-01535-00400415-00400669 and I would try to tell this story about
+crcPioxmEIE-01536-00400670-00400870 I was this little girl I love the Cubs I
+crcPioxmEIE-01537-00400871-00401044 love the Yankees and I mean you know it
+crcPioxmEIE-01538-00401045-00401382 never never never worked but
+crcPioxmEIE-01539-00401383-00401650 they you know it's fine with me the Mets
+crcPioxmEIE-01540-00401651-00401818 are fine I hope they're gonna get better
+crcPioxmEIE-01541-00401819-00401955 and
+crcPioxmEIE-01542-00401956-00402268 because they had so much promise and I
+crcPioxmEIE-01543-00402269-00402424 hope the Yankees are gonna you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01544-00402425-00402709 return to their championship status so
+crcPioxmEIE-01545-00402710-00402862 I'm just gonna carry that in my heart
+crcPioxmEIE-01546-00402863-00403194 for the rest of my life
+crcPioxmEIE-01547-00403195-00403657 so I know where we're going over but I
+crcPioxmEIE-01548-00403658-00403906 have got one more question speaking of
+crcPioxmEIE-01549-00403907-00404113 social media that you mentioned what are
+crcPioxmEIE-01550-00404114-00404284 the biggest fundamental benefits and
+crcPioxmEIE-01551-00404285-00404527 detriments that stem from the inception
+crcPioxmEIE-01552-00404528-00404776 of the internet would you change
+crcPioxmEIE-01553-00404777-00404947 anything which digital media has
+crcPioxmEIE-01554-00404948-00405256 delivered to the public and are we using
+crcPioxmEIE-01555-00405257-00405490 this relatively new tool in ways that
+crcPioxmEIE-01556-00405491-00405754 are hurting or helping American society
+crcPioxmEIE-01557-00405755-00405991 is it bringing us together or tearing us
+crcPioxmEIE-01558-00405992-00406198 apart and that's from Jennifer wiesen
+crcPioxmEIE-01559-00406199-00406420 cell Jennifer that is one of the most
+crcPioxmEIE-01560-00406421-00406600 important questions that we face not
+crcPioxmEIE-01561-00406601-00406750 only in our country but literally in the
+crcPioxmEIE-01562-00406751-00406869 world and
+crcPioxmEIE-01563-00406870-00407152 it's both tearing us apart and bringing
+crcPioxmEIE-01564-00407153-00407479 us together the promise of you know the
+crcPioxmEIE-01565-00407480-00407761 internet and then social media was to
+crcPioxmEIE-01566-00407762-00407964 bring us together and it has in
+crcPioxmEIE-01567-00407965-00408289 remarkable ways the opportunity
+crcPioxmEIE-01568-00408290-00408598 literally to connect with people half a
+crcPioxmEIE-01569-00408599-00408778 world away to get information about
+crcPioxmEIE-01570-00408779-00409027 anything you're interested in within you
+crcPioxmEIE-01571-00409028-00409317 know a just a couple of seconds is
+crcPioxmEIE-01572-00409318-00409635 astonishing so the breadth of human
+crcPioxmEIE-01573-00409637-00409959 knowledge and the opportunities for you
+crcPioxmEIE-01574-00409960-00410230 know learning and and being part of a
+crcPioxmEIE-01575-00410231-00410626 broader world village are there at the
+crcPioxmEIE-01576-00410627-00411052 same time we did not understand the
+crcPioxmEIE-01577-00411053-00411360 dangers that the internet could pose and
+crcPioxmEIE-01578-00411362-00411710 the dangers are not only because
+crcPioxmEIE-01579-00411712-00412024 technology now basically no was
+crcPioxmEIE-01580-00412025-00412260 everything there is to know about you
+crcPioxmEIE-01581-00412262-00412547 thousands and thousands of pieces of
+crcPioxmEIE-01582-00412547-00412703 information and it's not only your phone
+crcPioxmEIE-01583-00412704-00412922 it's also your car it's also your home
+crcPioxmEIE-01584-00412922-00413085 systems
+crcPioxmEIE-01585-00413087-00413405 there is a huge amount of information
+crcPioxmEIE-01586-00413406-00413647 that is being used to manipulate every
+crcPioxmEIE-01587-00413648-00413912 one of us now some people gladly give up
+crcPioxmEIE-01588-00413913-00414080 their privacy they say well you know
+crcPioxmEIE-01589-00414081-00414212 it's a bits of price I'm willing to pay
+crcPioxmEIE-01590-00414213-00414476 but you never know how it's going to be
+crcPioxmEIE-01591-00414477-00414613 used against you and there is so little
+crcPioxmEIE-01592-00414614-00414932 regulation the most valuable commodity
+crcPioxmEIE-01593-00414933-00415184 in the world today is not oil it is data
+crcPioxmEIE-01594-00415185-00415534 and the data is not owned by you even
+crcPioxmEIE-01595-00415535-00415814 though we all produce it and it is
+crcPioxmEIE-01596-00415814-00416041 incredibly personal intimate even
+crcPioxmEIE-01597-00416042-00416266 everything from your medical records to
+crcPioxmEIE-01598-00416267-00416447 your shopping choices to your
+crcPioxmEIE-01599-00416447-00416709 entertainment options and
+crcPioxmEIE-01600-00416710-00417022 one of the ways that our 2016 election
+crcPioxmEIE-01601-00417023-00417453 was manipulated was through acquiring
+crcPioxmEIE-01602-00417454-00417830 tens of millions hundreds of millions of
+crcPioxmEIE-01603-00417831-00418157 data points on nearly a hundred million
+crcPioxmEIE-01604-00418158-00418510 Americans and then using it to deliver
+crcPioxmEIE-01605-00418512-00418807 propaganda so we have yet to come to
+crcPioxmEIE-01606-00418808-00419095 grips with that element of what the
+crcPioxmEIE-01607-00419096-00419284 Internet has become and what social
+crcPioxmEIE-01608-00419285-00419708 media has enabled we also are not yet
+crcPioxmEIE-01609-00419709-00420077 fully paying attention to the impact on
+crcPioxmEIE-01610-00420078-00420257 children on their development of their
+crcPioxmEIE-01611-00420258-00420491 brains on how they feel about themselves
+crcPioxmEIE-01612-00420492-00420764 the American Academy of Pediatrics came
+crcPioxmEIE-01613-00420764-00420943 out and said no child under two should
+crcPioxmEIE-01614-00420944-00421238 see a screen and between two and five
+crcPioxmEIE-01615-00421239-00421508 very limited screen time because it
+crcPioxmEIE-01616-00421509-00421703 retards your language development it
+crcPioxmEIE-01617-00421704-00421955 interferes with your behavior and you
+crcPioxmEIE-01618-00421956-00422239 know what's really ironic about this you
+crcPioxmEIE-01619-00422241-00422422 know
+crcPioxmEIE-01620-00422422-00422687 people in Silicon Valley are putting
+crcPioxmEIE-01621-00422688-00422914 into the contracts that they sign with
+crcPioxmEIE-01622-00422916-00423026 the people who take care of their
+crcPioxmEIE-01623-00423027-00423114 children
+crcPioxmEIE-01624-00423116-00423289 prohibitions about having their own
+crcPioxmEIE-01625-00423291-00423460 children look at screens even though
+crcPioxmEIE-01626-00423462-00423629 they're creating the screens and
+crcPioxmEIE-01627-00423630-00423835 creating the content that goes on the
+crcPioxmEIE-01628-00423837-00424025 screens because they actually pay
+crcPioxmEIE-01629-00424026-00424164 attention to this
+crcPioxmEIE-01630-00424166-00424585 new and very concerning
+crcPioxmEIE-01631-00424585-00424880 research that's available and then as
+crcPioxmEIE-01632-00424881-00425116 children get older become teenagers and
+crcPioxmEIE-01633-00425117-00425327 young adults we're seeing increase in
+crcPioxmEIE-01634-00425328-00425628 bullying we see increase in anxiety and
+crcPioxmEIE-01635-00425629-00425879 depression we see increases in
+crcPioxmEIE-01636-00425880-00426312 teen suicides and a lot of very
+crcPioxmEIE-01637-00426313-00426588 thoughtful credible researchers are
+crcPioxmEIE-01638-00426589-00426906 saying there is a new phenomenon that is
+crcPioxmEIE-01639-00426907-00427097 impacting how children feel about
+crcPioxmEIE-01640-00427099-00427278 themselves and the world that they are
+crcPioxmEIE-01641-00427279-00427545 part of that is embodied in social media
+crcPioxmEIE-01642-00427546-00427889 that creates unrealistic expectations
+crcPioxmEIE-01643-00427891-00428139 and you know really there's so much
+crcPioxmEIE-01644-00428139-00428385 about this that we don't yet know and
+crcPioxmEIE-01645-00428385-00428520 we're not paying close enough attention
+crcPioxmEIE-01646-00428521-00428775 and then the final thing I would say is
+crcPioxmEIE-01647-00428776-00429072 what's now being used through the
+crcPioxmEIE-01648-00429072-00429375 Internet is the creation of massive
+crcPioxmEIE-01649-00429376-00429771 surveillance systems China has taken the
+crcPioxmEIE-01650-00429772-00430146 best of the internet and moved it into a
+crcPioxmEIE-01651-00430147-00430599 tool for oppression for the surveillance
+crcPioxmEIE-01652-00430600-00431114 of 1.4 billion people and it is going to
+crcPioxmEIE-01653-00431116-00431403 be everywhere facial recognition is
+crcPioxmEIE-01654-00431404-00431777 going to be the way that China finds out
+crcPioxmEIE-01655-00431778-00432149 who you are and what you are doing and
+crcPioxmEIE-01656-00432150-00432501 holds you to account so the short answer
+crcPioxmEIE-01657-00432502-00432777 is we all take advantage of it it's made
+crcPioxmEIE-01658-00432778-00433047 in many ways life more convenient and
+crcPioxmEIE-01659-00433047-00433356 easier but if we don't deal with the
+crcPioxmEIE-01660-00433357-00433659 downsides the data sides a privacy side
+crcPioxmEIE-01661-00433660-00434097 the you know fact of influencing brain
+crcPioxmEIE-01662-00434097-00434343 development and feelings about oneself
+crcPioxmEIE-01663-00434343-00434601 as well as surveillance it will be on
+crcPioxmEIE-01664-00434602-00434763 balance more of a negative than a
+crcPioxmEIE-01665-00434764-00434970 positive and I would just say because I
+crcPioxmEIE-01666-00434971-00435075 know we're out of time this is another
+crcPioxmEIE-01667-00435076-00435345 reason to vote because we cannot solve
+crcPioxmEIE-01668-00435346-00435564 these problems as individual citizens or
+crcPioxmEIE-01669-00435564-00435722 parents
+crcPioxmEIE-01670-00435722-00436010 we do need our
+crcPioxmEIE-01671-00436010-00436337 elected representatives to regulate
+crcPioxmEIE-01672-00436338-00436596 social media companies to hold them to
+crcPioxmEIE-01673-00436597-00436835 account and hopefully also to do things
+crcPioxmEIE-01674-00436837-00437121 like prevent them from an enabling the
+crcPioxmEIE-01675-00437122-00437295 surveillance state in China which we
+crcPioxmEIE-01676-00437296-00437642 know is actively actually happening so
+crcPioxmEIE-01677-00437643-00438032 just to end kind of on the
+crcPioxmEIE-01678-00438033-00438322 please don't get exhausted
+crcPioxmEIE-01679-00438322-00438516 please register if you're not please
+crcPioxmEIE-01680-00438517-00438691 register everyone you have ever even
+crcPioxmEIE-01681-00438692-00438856 heard of like go through the phonebook
+crcPioxmEIE-01682-00438857-00439197 if you still have one like truly
+crcPioxmEIE-01683-00439197-00439456 because I do think it is it is the
+crcPioxmEIE-01684-00439457-00439639 future of our planet it is the future of
+crcPioxmEIE-01685-00439639-00439774 our public health it is the future of
+crcPioxmEIE-01686-00439775-00440043 our democracy and it certainly is the
+crcPioxmEIE-01687-00440044-00440285 future for our kids we
+crcPioxmEIE-01688-00440286-00440689 want to thank you so much for giving us
+crcPioxmEIE-01689-00440689-00440970 the examples of being gutsy women and
+crcPioxmEIE-01690-00440971-00441277 before we go Chelsea can you tell me why
+crcPioxmEIE-01691-00441278-00441501 you think your mom is a gutsy woman oh
+crcPioxmEIE-01692-00441502-00441827 she just never gives up
+crcPioxmEIE-01693-00441828-00442093 and I'm so glad that she never gives up
+crcPioxmEIE-01694-00442093-00442364 and
+crcPioxmEIE-01695-00442365-00442654 why do you think Chelsea is a good woman
+crcPioxmEIE-01696-00442655-00442833 she wrote a book called she persistent
+crcPioxmEIE-01697-00442834-00443050 which could have been about her because
+crcPioxmEIE-01698-00443051-00443160 of her
+crcPioxmEIE-01699-00443160-00443422 absolute passion and sense of mission
+crcPioxmEIE-01700-00443422-00443710 about you know what she wants to
+crcPioxmEIE-01701-00443710-00443899 contribute to the world and everybody
+crcPioxmEIE-01702-00443900-00444064 can have that everybody there's
+crcPioxmEIE-01703-00444064-00444268 something everybody can do to be braver
+crcPioxmEIE-01704-00444268-00444645 more resilient kinder and more grateful
+crcPioxmEIE-01705-00444646-00444993 and in this holiday season that's my
+crcPioxmEIE-01706-00444994-00445212 wish for all of us thank you
+crcPioxmEIE-01707-00445213-00445593 we thank thank you thank you everyone
+crcPioxmEIE-01708-00445593-00445866 do we have a gutsy theme song for their
+crcPioxmEIE-01709-00445867-00445907 exit
+crcPioxmEIE-01710-00445908-00446218 [Applause]
+crcPioxmEIE-01711-00446220-00446617 [Music]
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00000-00000003-00000281 let's talk about the defaults for access
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00001-00000282-00000599 hi this is crystal as soon as I install
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00002-00000600-00001040 access I make certain changes to get to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00003-00001041-00001357 the access defaults click on file
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00004-00001358-00001668 options starting with the general tab
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00005-00001669-00002057 the default file format for your blank
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00006-00002058-00002417 database now if you're using Access 2007
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00007-00002418-00003100 or Access 2010 I wouldn't suggest 2003
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00008-00003101-00003545 as a default better to have a blank 2003
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00009-00003546-00003938 database stored and open that to put
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00010-00003939-00004309 objects into default database folder I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00011-00004310-00004568 often change this depending on what I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00012-00004569-00004820 was doing the last thing I was doing was
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00013-00004821-00005111 documenting templates so I changed my
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00014-00005112-00005363 default database folder so they would
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00015-00005364-00005663 just go there your user name and your
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00016-00005664-00006043 initials current database this is where
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00017-00006044-00006311 you are going to set the defaults for
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00018-00006312-00006606 just whatever is your current database
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00019-00006608-00007031 not your general defaults for everything
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00020-00007031-00007337 so in the current database what is the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00021-00007338-00007559 title of your application this is always
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00022-00007559-00007856 a good thing to set if you have an icon
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00023-00007856-00008138 which most of you probably don't but if
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00024-00008139-00008351 you're distributing something you may
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00025-00008352-00008645 what form you want to start when you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00026-00008646-00008948 first open the database I always make
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00027-00008949-00009226 sure display status bar is checked
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00028-00009227-00009587 document window options overlapping or
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00029-00009588-00009983 tabbed I often come in here and I switch
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00030-00009984-00010319 this at first when tabbed documents came
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00031-00010320-00010526 out I thought you know hey this is
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00032-00010527-00010808 really really great but now I've kind of
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00033-00010809-00011131 gone back to overlapping windows whether
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00034-00011132-00011384 or not you want to use special keys in
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00035-00011385-00011612 access so if you want to be able to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00036-00011613-00011876 press f11 for instance to get to the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00037-00011877-00012098 database window I always leave this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00038-00012099-00012331 checked but then again I don't lock
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00039-00012332-00012617 databases down compact on clothes
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00040-00012618-00013021 my advice do not ever check this I only
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00041-00013022-00013376 compact a database when I open it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00042-00013377-00013571 right after I back it up this is a
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00043-00013572-00013816 volatile process well it might seem
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00044-00013818-00014159 handy to just compact it on clothes this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00045-00014160-00014426 is okay if it's just a front end and you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00046-00014427-00014722 can always replace that front end and
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00047-00014724-00014918 you just don't want someone's front end
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00048-00014919-00015161 to get bloated that's perfectly fine
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00049-00015162-00015397 but if they've made any queries for
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00050-00015399-00015557 instance they're going to lose them if
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00051-00015558-00015802 you replace it remove personal
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00052-00015803-00016118 information from file properties yeah
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00053-00016119-00016340 this might be something to consider I'm
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00054-00016341-00016502 not going to go through everything
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00055-00016503-00016859 display navigation pane I always do this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00056-00016860-00017120 but once again I don't lock my databases
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00057-00017121-00017503 down ribbon name you can set options for
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00058-00017504-00017870 defaults default shortcut menus name
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00059-00017871-00018158 autocorrect as you can see I have
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00060-00018159-00018470 unchecked track name autocorrect however
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00061-00018471-00018809 I need to check it in order to uncheck
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00062-00018810-00019109 perform the name autocorrect and I'll
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00063-00019110-00019477 uncheck this again name autocorrect is
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00064-00019478-00019748 sometimes called you know not by
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00065-00019749-00020000 Microsoft but by those who use access
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00066-00020001-00020309 named Auto corrupt because it can cause
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00067-00020310-00020636 problems I'm not going to talk about the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00068-00020637-00020885 rest of these let me go to datasheet the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00069-00020886-00021173 default datasheet whether you want the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00070-00021174-00021479 column widths to be one inch or maybe
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00071-00021480-00021677 something wider or something narrower
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00072-00021678-00021965 what size you want for the default font
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00073-00021966-00022223 the weight you can change that here
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00074-00022224-00022574 object designers the default field type
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00075-00022575-00022865 so when you make a new field what do you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00076-00022866-00023114 want the field type to default to text
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00077-00023115-00023189 is fine
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00078-00023190-00023567 I changed the default from 255 to 50 now
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00079-00023568-00023822 always used to be 50 but in the later
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00080-00023823-00024188 versions Microsoft has gone to 255 and I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00081-00024189-00024428 bump it back down to 50 the default
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00082-00024429-00024704 number field size used to be double
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00083-00024705-00025007 precision now it is long integer which i
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00084-00025008-00025219 think is a much better default Auto
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00085-00025220-00025511 index on import create used to have
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00086-00025512-00025976 stuff in there code num ID key I removed
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00087-00025977-00026371 them I do not want access auto indexing
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00088-00026372-00026608 anything if I want an index
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00089-00026608-00026917 I will specify it show property update
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00090-00026918-00027157 options buttons okay
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00091-00027158-00027400 I always uncheck this that's just kind
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00092-00027401-00027633 of a nuisance because many times you'll
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00093-00027635-00027856 set up a table then you'll go back into
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00094-00027857-00028123 the table and for instance change field
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00095-00028124-00028348 descriptions to fill them out do you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00096-00028349-00028504 want to have that little lightning bolt
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00097-00028505-00028789 every single time you make it change
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00098-00028789-00029056 well I don't so I remove that query
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00099-00029057-00029332 design show table names output all
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00100-00029333-00029593 fields don't check this one off there
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00101-00029594-00029818 might be temporary circumstances where
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00102-00029819-00030045 you may choose to do it as a default
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00103-00030047-00030349 forever I wouldn't suggest you can set
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00104-00030350-00030604 your font and your size now sequel
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00105-00030605-00030839 server compatible this is another gotcha
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00106-00030841-00031215 sometimes people will check this and it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00107-00031216-00031525 does make queries behave differently so
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00108-00031526-00031750 if they start acting funky and you have
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00109-00031751-00031942 checked one of these things come back
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00110-00031943-00032265 and revisit this selection behavior this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00111-00032266-00032593 is when you lasso things in like formal
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00112-00032594-00032815 report design do you want to have to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00113-00032816-00033076 fully go around to select everything or
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00114-00033077-00033310 do you want to just have something
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00115-00033311-00033565 selected if you touch it I like the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00116-00033566-00033790 default behavior in fact I love this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00117-00033791-00034018 default behavior it's a real time-saver
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00118-00034019-00034342 you can also choose a form template a
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00119-00034343-00034624 report template these are handy I don't
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00120-00034625-00034936 have them set right here when you are in
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00121-00034937-00035164 a form or report and you're on the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00122-00035165-00035401 property sheet and you're on the event
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00123-00035402-00035608 tab and you click in one of the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00124-00035609-00035812 properties and you click on the Builder
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00125-00035813-00036007 button you want to be prompted with
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00126-00036008-00036274 those three things or do you always want
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00127-00036275-00036523 to use event procedures now me the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00128-00036524-00036840 reason I don't check this is because my
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00129-00036841-00037099 habit is I type an open bracket and then
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00130-00037100-00037420 press ctrl f2 and it automatically takes
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00131-00037421-00037714 me to a code sheet error checking this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00132-00037715-00037971 is totally up to you personally now I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00133-00037972-00038262 have unchecked a couple of these types
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00134-00038263-00038350 sometimes
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00135-00038351-00038611 uncheck more or less this is kind of up
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00136-00038612-00038668 to you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00137-00038669-00038937 proofing I generally ignore this stuff
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00138-00038938-00039223 but you might want to look through it oh
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00139-00039224-00039540 except I don't ignore this autocorrect
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00140-00039541-00039883 options correct to initial capitals all
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00141-00039884-00039990 uncheck that
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00142-00039991-00040374 because if I am typing a code and it has
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00143-00040375-00040611 mixed case I don't want access saying oh
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00144-00040612-00040876 oh there's two letters at the beginning
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00145-00040877-00041086 that's wrong you know it might not
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00146-00041087-00041436 necessarily be capitalized first letters
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00147-00041437-00041742 of sentences all uncheck that one also
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00148-00041743-00042039 because if there's a period then access
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00149-00042040-00042270 things that was a sentence capitalized
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00150-00042271-00042517 names of Dave's that's probably okay
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00151-00042518-00042604 correct
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00152-00042605-00042948 accidental use of caps lock key kind of
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00153-00042949-00043140 like the first one with the two initial
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00154-00043141-00043517 capitals I generally don't really
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00155-00043518-00043807 untapping a lot of codes I might and now
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00156-00043808-00044067 replace Texas you type these can be
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00157-00044068-00044326 really handy so if you want a copyright
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00158-00044327-00044605 symbol for instance and you don't know
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00159-00044606-00044848 the ASCII code to get the copyright
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00160-00044849-00045058 symbol you can just type parens see
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00161-00045059-00045333 paren and it will automatically replace
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00162-00045334-00045615 it same thing with registration and
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00163-00045616-00045864 trademark and then come just a bunch of
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00164-00045865-00046140 common misspelled words and what they
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00165-00046141-00046423 really should be I really had no problem
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00166-00046424-00046752 leaving this on so I'll say okay on this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00167-00046753-00047179 and go down to language language is for
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00168-00047180-00047473 choosing the editing languages and the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00169-00047474-00047712 display and help languages client
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00170-00047713-00047917 settings here's another biggie move
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00171-00047918-00048252 after enter I have changed this the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00172-00048253-00048543 default well now didn't used to be that
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00173-00048544-00048849 default now is next field well if you're
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00174-00048850-00049089 in the datasheet view and you press tab
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00175-00049090-00049429 or shift tab it moves forward or back
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00176-00049430-00049776 one field if you press ENTER or shift
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00177-00049777-00050067 enter normal well what used to be normal
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00178-00050068-00050299 and what is still normal in Excel is
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00179-00050300-00050545 moved down or up a cell and that's what
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00180-00050546-00050745 I like I like to be able to press tab
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00181-00050746-00051027 shift tab to move left to right enter
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00182-00051028-00051264 shift ENTER to move up and down so I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00183-00051265-00051507 change this default to next record
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00184-00051508-00051783 behavior entering the field whether you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00185-00051784-00052002 want the whole field selected or just
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00186-00052003-00052182 the start of the field or just the end
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00187-00052183-00052404 of the field yeah I leave it at the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00188-00052405-00052696 default select the entire field because
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00189-00052697-00052972 generally if I tab into something and I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00190-00052973-00053191 want something else to be in there I'm
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00191-00053191-00053367 not just going to edit it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00192-00053369-00053596 I'm just going to replace it arrow key
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00193-00053597-00053848 behavior that is whether it goes to the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00194-00053849-00054034 next field or the next character
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00195-00054035-00054310 generally leave it on the default cursor
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00196-00054311-00054646 stops at first or last field I don't
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00197-00054647-00054901 bother to change this default
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00198-00054902-00055270 find/replace behavior you may want to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00199-00055271-00055512 change this depending on certain
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00200-00055513-00055767 circumstances I generally leave it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00201-00055769-00056086 these next three oh boy yeah lots of
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00202-00056087-00056308 macros turn them off and then they'll be
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00203-00056309-00056614 unchecked access I think has recently
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00204-00056615-00056896 begun to kind of correct this if you do
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00205-00056897-00057157 it do command set warnings off for
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00206-00057158-00057412 instance it actually maybe doesn't
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00207-00057413-00057630 change these it just temporarily sets
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00208-00057632-00057859 them off however I always make sure
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00209-00057860-00058057 these three things are checked because
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00210-00058058-00058372 in the user interface I definitely want
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00211-00058373-00058750 these to be on default direction this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00212-00058751-00058926 has to do with your language
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00213-00058927-00059254 left-to-right America Europe a lot of
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00214-00059254-00059497 countries right left right but there are
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00215-00059498-00059779 languages like Arabic for instance that
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00216-00059779-00059989 is right-to-left so you can change this
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00217-00059990-00060304 general alignment cursor movement some
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00218-00060304-00060496 of these I'm just going to skip show
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00219-00060497-00060907 number of recent documents this you can
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00220-00060908-00061237 bump it up oh boy you can really pump it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00221-00061238-00061459 up high and sometimes they go all the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00222-00061460-00061891 way to 50 I say yes I want the max but I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00223-00061891-00062296 tend to not open things from the recent
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00224-00062297-00062533 document list unless it's just the last
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00225-00062534-00062829 one because generally when a closed an
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00226-00062830-00063064 Access database I back it up and I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00227-00063065-00063328 change the name so I'm not wanting to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00228-00063329-00063579 open from the recent documents because
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00229-00063580-00063796 that won't have my new name these next
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00230-00063797-00064116 four status bars show animations action
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00231-00064117-00064317 tags kind of personal preference
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00232-00064319-00064629 printing I always change these defaults
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00233-00064630-00064891 down to something really small now I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00234-00064891-00065107 have a laser printer so I can go pretty
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00235-00065108-00065386 close to the edges of the paper so I go
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00236-00065387-00065599 down to a quarter of an inch just to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00237-00065600-00065923 save paper then on a case-by-case basis
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00238-00065924-00066226 I may bump it up general these things
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00239-00066227-00066427 are kind of personal preference now
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00240-00066428-00066603 let's go to advanced
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00241-00066604-00066960 default open mode shared or exclusive
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00242-00066961-00067283 generally shared is a better choice
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00243-00067284-00067581 exclusive is kind of good in certain
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00244-00067582-00067869 circumstances especially for development
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00245-00067870-00068130 default record locking I always take it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00246-00068131-00068430 off there are times where you may want
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00247-00068431-00068718 to change the record locking the reason
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00248-00068719-00068994 I take it off is because if two people
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00249-00068995-00069303 are editing the same record at the same
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00250-00069304-00069591 time whichever person saves the record
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00251-00069592-00069858 first is not going to see a message but
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00252-00069859-00070149 the second person or the third person to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00253-00070150-00070467 save that same record is going to get
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00254-00070468-00070821 asked do you want to keep your changes
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00255-00070822-00071058 or discard your changes
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00256-00071059-00071289 now if you keep your changes that means
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00257-00071290-00071520 you're gonna wipe out whatever whoever
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00258-00071521-00071844 before you did I always suggest discard
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00259-00071845-00072045 your changes because you know what you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00260-00072046-00072270 just did the first person that saved the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00261-00072271-00072537 record has no idea you're coming behind
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00262-00072538-00072795 and you might wipe it out whereas you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00263-00072796-00073017 know what you did you can just say okay
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00264-00073018-00073272 discard them go grab the record again go
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00265-00073273-00073530 make the changes again that way whatever
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00266-00073531-00073809 the first person did is still there then
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00267-00073810-00074150 we have time out information dde
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00268-00074151-00074421 command-line arguments if you want to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00269-00074422-00074736 open access for instance older versions
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00270-00074737-00075078 and point to a workgroup file you could
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00271-00075079-00075348 do that here I'll go down to customize
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00272-00075349-00075735 ribbon this is a great big topic and I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00273-00075736-00075987 won't go into it here but this lets you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00274-00075988-00076131 customize things
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00275-00076132-00076431 same thing with quick access toolbar now
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00276-00076432-00076644 I've made a few changes to mine I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00277-00076645-00076923 normally have a lot more but I reset it
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00278-00076924-00077229 to do a video or I showed just putting
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00279-00077230-00077466 these icons on and I always have my
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00280-00077467-00077676 quick access toolbar below the ribbon
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00281-00077677-00077928 because I got icons all the way across
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00282-00077929-00078306 add-ins I have Wayne Phillips VB
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00283-00078307-00078633 watchdog which is really really a great
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00284-00078634-00078942 air handler I generally put air handling
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00285-00078943-00079215 and all my procedures maybe I get a
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00286-00079216-00079749 database and it's a mess and I just want
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00287-00079750-00079882 to put an air handler
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00288-00079883-00080076 the whole thing that this is really a
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00289-00080077-00080362 great thing to do and then trust Center
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00290-00080363-00080578 okay this is a big one we need to talk
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00291-00080579-00080875 about this let's go to trust Center
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00292-00080876-00081292 settings I have all my drives trusted at
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00293-00081293-00081571 the root which by the way you're not
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00294-00081572-00081811 allowed to do anymore you have to go
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00295-00081812-00082078 down to at least one directory but I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00296-00082079-00082324 have everything trusted at the root I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00297-00082325-00082660 also recommend you check allow trusted
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00298-00082661-00082972 locations on my network because if you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00299-00082973-00083301 don't then if you got a path that's not
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00300-00083302-00083521 on your drive it's just on and ride you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00301-00083522-00083775 can get to no sorry to say it ain't
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00302-00083776-00083893 going to be trusted
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00303-00083894-00084156 so let's go to modify and see how these
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00304-00084157-00084487 trusted locations work if I were to add
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00305-00084488-00084817 a new Drive at the root like right now J
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00306-00084818-00085129 if I were to try and add that and I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00307-00085130-00085393 always check subfolders are also trusted
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00308-00085394-00086041 it will oh gosh it adds it ah well 2013
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00309-00086042-00086323 won't do this it makes you go to at
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00310-00086324-00086593 least one one level and I always
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00311-00086594-00086832 recommend any way that you set up your
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00312-00086833-00087138 own structure for storing data and it's
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00313-00087139-00087385 common we have stuff in desktop my
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00314-00087386-00087685 documents those are system directories I
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00315-00087686-00087874 don't recommend using them I at least
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00316-00087875-00088105 put a directory called data on the route
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00317-00088106-00088351 and I hang everything below that but as
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00318-00088352-00088594 long as it'll let me trust the route why
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00319-00088595-00088651 not
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00320-00088652-00088907 so that's the quick tour through
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00321-00088908-00089275 settings there are other things in the
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00322-00089276-00089503 trust Center let me just come down to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00323-00089504-00089832 privacy options easier going to want to
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00324-00089833-00090001 look through and just decide for
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00325-00090002-00090351 yourself message bar and I don't block
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00326-00090352-00090531 anything for myself but if you're
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00327-00090532-00090712 rolling it out you know perhaps you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00328-00090713-00091075 might dep settings this is personal
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00329-00091076-00091440 preference macro disable all macros with
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00330-00091441-00091707 notification that means if for instance
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00331-00091708-00092019 you open something that's not in a
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00332-00092020-00092250 trusted location you'll get that little
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00333-00092251-00092542 error message below the ribbon that
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00334-00092543-00092844 allows you to enable the contents you
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00335-00092845-00093103 know personally I think I have an Access
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00336-00093104-00093300 database if you don't have
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00337-00093301-00093634 so my my thought is just trust at all
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00338-00093635-00093865 because I'm not going to open something
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00339-00093866-00094075 unless I know where it came from
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00340-00094076-00094512 ActiveX settings prompt is fine trusted
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00341-00094513-00094804 documents here if you don't want to go
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00342-00094805-00095074 for trusted locations you can trust
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00343-00095075-00095398 specific documents saying you can trust
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00344-00095399-00095757 specific publishers so that kind of
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00345-00095758-00096079 takes us through all of the defaults
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00346-00096080-00096349 just a quick tour I hope this makes your
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00347-00096350-00097631 ride more comfortable
+cv9N0L3OQfo-00348-00097632-00097838 you
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00000-00000705-00002542 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00001-00002543-00002639 find them
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00002-00002640-00004283 jason make them pay for what they did to
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00003-00004284-00004570 us
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00004-00004571-00005366 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00005-00005367-00006365 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00006-00006366-00007083 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00007-00007084-00007452 keep
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00008-00007453-00008483 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00009-00008484-00009186 ah
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00010-00009187-00009294 [Applause]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00011-00009295-00009367 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00012-00009368-00009883 [Applause]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00013-00009884-00009983 happy
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00014-00009984-00010503 [Applause]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00015-00010504-00011487 please no
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00016-00011488-00011791 jason my boy do you know what your gift
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00017-00011792-00011887 is
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00018-00011888-00012183 no matter what they do to you you cannot
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00019-00012184-00012287 die
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00020-00012288-00012905 you can never die
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00021-00012906-00013228 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00022-00013229-00013344 [Applause]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00023-00013346-00015103 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00024-00015104-00015430 yes yes
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00025-00015431-00016728 kill for mother
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00026-00016729-00017663 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00027-00017664-00017958 jason my boy do you know what your gift
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00028-00017959-00018055 is
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00029-00018056-00018350 no matter what they do to you you cannot
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00030-00018351-00018463 die
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00031-00018464-00021083 you can never die
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00032-00021084-00021414 huh
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00033-00021415-00021791 get up jason find them
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00034-00021792-00024292 kill them
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00035-00024293-00025283 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00036-00025284-00026006 so
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00037-00026007-00026683 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00038-00026683-00027007 oh
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00039-00027008-00027318 they deserve to die jason
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00040-00027319-00029063 make them suffer
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00041-00029064-00030231 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00042-00030232-00030502 do you know what your gift is no matter
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00043-00030503-00030662 what they do
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00044-00030663-00031023 you cannot die you can never die
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00045-00031024-00031270 they want to take you from me jason
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00046-00031272-00033159 don't let them
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00047-00033160-00033471 they deserve to die jason
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00048-00033472-00034108 make them suffer
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00049-00034109-00035487 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00050-00035488-00037301 hunt them down and make them pay
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00051-00037302-00038599 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00053-00042084-00043483 ugh
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00054-00043484-00043652 so
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00055-00043653-00044883 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00056-00044884-00046283 ah
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00057-00046284-00046727 ah
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00058-00046728-00047062 that's my boy hunt them down and make
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00059-00047063-00048122 them pay
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00060-00048123-00048239 [Applause]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00061-00048240-00049988 that's my special special boy
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00062-00049989-00050483 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00063-00050484-00051106 so
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00064-00051107-00051882 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00065-00051883-00054626 so
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00066-00054627-00055461 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00067-00055462-00056495 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00068-00056496-00057348 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00069-00057349-00059724 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00070-00059725-00060282 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00071-00060283-00061735 foreign
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00072-00061736-00062150 don't stop jason they deserve to die
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00073-00062151-00062361 make them suffer like we did
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00074-00062362-00062830 [Music]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00075-00062832-00063687 come to mommy jason come to mommy
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00076-00063688-00065063 [Laughter]
+cBUCAMVA_n4-00077-00065064-00065272 you
+cC15-vL6obQ-00000-00000028-00000391 south african english Safra Safran say
+cC15-vL6obQ-00001-00000392-00000638 and zhou is the set of english dialects
+cC15-vL6obQ-00002-00000639-00001122 native to south africans
+cC15-vL6obQ-00003-00001123-00001572 topic history
+cC15-vL6obQ-00004-00001573-00001901 topic British colonizers first
+cC15-vL6obQ-00005-00001902-00002109 introduced English to the South African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00006-00002110-00002388 region in 1795 when they established a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00007-00002389-00002585 military holding operation at the Cape
+cC15-vL6obQ-00008-00002586-00002856 the goal of this first endeavor was to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00009-00002857-00003069 gain control of a key cape sea route not
+cC15-vL6obQ-00010-00003070-00003290 to establish a permanent settler colony
+cC15-vL6obQ-00011-00003292-00003554 the first major influx of English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00012-00003555-00003903 speakers arrived in 1820 about 5000
+cC15-vL6obQ-00013-00003904-00004088 British settlers mostly rural or
+cC15-vL6obQ-00014-00004089-00004281 working-class settled in the Eastern
+cC15-vL6obQ-00015-00004282-00004497 Cape though the British were a minority
+cC15-vL6obQ-00016-00004498-00004704 colonists group the Dutch had been in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00017-00004705-00004983 the region since 1652 when traders from
+cC15-vL6obQ-00018-00004984-00005190 the Dutch East India Company developed a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00019-00005191-00005403 post the Cape Colony governor lord
+cC15-vL6obQ-00020-00005404-00005610 charles somerset declared english and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00021-00005611-00005958 official language in 1822 in order to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00022-00005959-00006120 spread the influence of english in the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00023-00006121-00006309 colony officials began to recruit
+cC15-vL6obQ-00024-00006310-00006489 British school masters and Scottish
+cC15-vL6obQ-00025-00006490-00006684 clergy to occupy positions in the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00026-00006684-00006951 education and church systems another
+cC15-vL6obQ-00027-00006952-00007152 group of English speakers arrived from
+cC15-vL6obQ-00028-00007153-00007445 Britain in the 1840s and 1850s along
+cC15-vL6obQ-00029-00007447-00007653 with the natal settlers these
+cC15-vL6obQ-00030-00007654-00007895 individuals were largely standard
+cC15-vL6obQ-00031-00007897-00008156 speakers like retired military personnel
+cC15-vL6obQ-00032-00008157-00008462 and aristocrats a third wave of English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00033-00008463-00008820 settlers arrived between 1875 in 1904
+cC15-vL6obQ-00034-00008821-00008984 and brought with them a diverse variety
+cC15-vL6obQ-00035-00008985-00009314 of English dialects these last two waves
+cC15-vL6obQ-00036-00009315-00009521 did not have as large of an influence on
+cC15-vL6obQ-00037-00009522-00009803 South African English say for the seeds
+cC15-vL6obQ-00038-00009804-00010135 of development were already sown in 1820
+cC15-vL6obQ-00039-00010136-00010419 however the natal wave brought nostalgia
+cC15-vL6obQ-00040-00010420-00010608 for British customs and helped to define
+cC15-vL6obQ-00041-00010609-00010910 the idea of a standard variety that
+cC15-vL6obQ-00042-00010911-00011120 resembled southern British English when
+cC15-vL6obQ-00043-00011121-00011316 the Union of South Africa was formed in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00044-00011317-00011564 1910 English and Dutch were the official
+cC15-vL6obQ-00045-00011565-00011751 state languages although Afrikaans
+cC15-vL6obQ-00046-00011752-00012123 effectively replaced Dutch in 1925 after
+cC15-vL6obQ-00047-00012124-00012419 1994 nine other languages from the Bantu
+cC15-vL6obQ-00048-00012420-00012620 subfamily of Niger corredor Fela and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00049-00012621-00012874 languages achieved equal official status
+cC15-vL6obQ-00050-00012875-00013143 English has become a lingua franca for
+cC15-vL6obQ-00051-00013144-00013338 native African language speakers across
+cC15-vL6obQ-00052-00013338-00013521 the country as it is the only language
+cC15-vL6obQ-00053-00013522-00013743 that has significant representation in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00054-00013744-00013862 all nine provinces
+cC15-vL6obQ-00055-00013863-00014160 moreover English predominates in several
+cC15-vL6obQ-00056-00014161-00014372 areas of public administration and is
+cC15-vL6obQ-00057-00014373-00014588 increasingly popular as a default
+cC15-vL6obQ-00058-00014590-00014842 language in schools universities
+cC15-vL6obQ-00059-00014843-00014951 military
+cC15-vL6obQ-00060-00014952-00015185 camps and other social settings say as
+cC15-vL6obQ-00061-00015186-00015413 an extraterritorial et variety of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00062-00015413-00015622 English or a language variety that has
+cC15-vL6obQ-00063-00015624-00015929 been transported outside its mainland
+cC15-vL6obQ-00064-00015930-00016181 home more specifically say as a southern
+cC15-vL6obQ-00065-00016182-00016397 hemisphere ET originating from later
+cC15-vL6obQ-00066-00016398-00016625 English colonization in the 18th and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00067-00016626-00016904 19th centuries Zimbabwean Australian and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00068-00016905-00017102 New Zealand English are also southern
+cC15-vL6obQ-00069-00017103-00017429 hemisphere ET varieties say resembles
+cC15-vL6obQ-00070-00017430-00017621 British English more closely than it
+cC15-vL6obQ-00071-00017622-00017798 does American English due to the close
+cC15-vL6obQ-00072-00017799-00017984 ties that South African colonies
+cC15-vL6obQ-00073-00017985-00018191 maintained with the mainland in the 19th
+cC15-vL6obQ-00074-00018192-00018476 and 20th centuries however with the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00075-00018477-00018674 increasing influence of American pop
+cC15-vL6obQ-00076-00018675-00018863 culture around the world via modes of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00077-00018864-00019091 contact like television American English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00078-00019092-00019321 has become more familiar in South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00079-00019322-00019607 indeed some American lexical items are
+cC15-vL6obQ-00080-00019608-00019796 becoming alternatives to comparable
+cC15-vL6obQ-00081-00019797-00020175 British terms
+cC15-vL6obQ-00082-00020176-00020701 topic varieties
+cC15-vL6obQ-00083-00020702-00021065 topic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00084-00021066-00021646 topic white South African English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00085-00021647-00021973 topic several South African English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00086-00021974-00022192 varieties have emerged accompanied by
+cC15-vL6obQ-00087-00022193-00022381 varying levels of perceived social
+cC15-vL6obQ-00088-00022382-00022693 prestige Roger last describes white
+cC15-vL6obQ-00089-00022694-00022897 South African English as a system of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00090-00022898-00023134 three sub varieties spoken primarily by
+cC15-vL6obQ-00091-00023135-00023371 white South Africans called the great
+cC15-vL6obQ-00092-00023372-00023629 trichotomy a term first used to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00093-00023630-00023854 categorize Australian English varieties
+cC15-vL6obQ-00094-00023855-00024025 and subsequently applied to South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00095-00024026-00024334 African English in this classification
+cC15-vL6obQ-00096-00024335-00024625 the cultivated variety closely
+cC15-vL6obQ-00097-00024626-00024835 approximates England standard received
+cC15-vL6obQ-00098-00024836-00025057 pronunciation and is associated with the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00099-00025058-00025372 upper class the general variety is a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00100-00025373-00025567 social indicator of the middle class and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00101-00025568-00025792 is the common tongue and the broad
+cC15-vL6obQ-00102-00025793-00026070 variety is most associated with the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00103-00026072-00026332 working-class low socioeconomic status
+cC15-vL6obQ-00104-00026333-00026602 and little education these three sub
+cC15-vL6obQ-00105-00026602-00026793 varieties have also been called
+cC15-vL6obQ-00106-00026794-00027192 conservatives say respectable say and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00107-00027193-00027580 extreme say respectively broad White's a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00108-00027581-00027799 closely approximates the second language
+cC15-vL6obQ-00109-00027800-00027983 variety of Afrikaans speaking Afrikaans
+cC15-vL6obQ-00110-00027985-00028357 called Afrikaans English this variety
+cC15-vL6obQ-00111-00028358-00028567 has been stigmatized by middle and upper
+cC15-vL6obQ-00112-00028568-00028770 class se speakers and is considered a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00113-00028772-00029247 vernacular form of say
+cC15-vL6obQ-00114-00029248-00029774 soppec black South African English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00115-00029775-00030161 topic black South African English or be
+cC15-vL6obQ-00116-00030162-00030433 SAE is spoken by individuals whose first
+cC15-vL6obQ-00117-00030435-00030638 language as an indigenous African tongue
+cC15-vL6obQ-00118-00030639-00031045 be SAE is considered a new English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00119-00031047-00031183 because it has emerged through the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00120-00031185-00031397 education system among second language
+cC15-vL6obQ-00121-00031398-00031592 speakers in places where English is not
+cC15-vL6obQ-00122-00031593-00031891 the majority language at least to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00123-00031892-00032060 sociolinguistic variants have been
+cC15-vL6obQ-00124-00032061-00032279 definitively studied on a post Creole
+cC15-vL6obQ-00125-00032280-00032474 continuum for the second language black
+cC15-vL6obQ-00126-00032475-00032687 South African English spoken by most
+cC15-vL6obQ-00127-00032688-00032873 black South Africans a high-end
+cC15-vL6obQ-00128-00032874-00033173 prestigious Accra lect and a more middle
+cC15-vL6obQ-00129-00033174-00033551 ranging mainstream mess elect the base
+cC15-vL6obQ-00130-00033552-00033827 elect variety is less similar to the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00131-00033828-00034025 colonial language natively spoken
+cC15-vL6obQ-00132-00034026-00034325 English while de mess elect is somewhat
+cC15-vL6obQ-00133-00034326-00034610 more so historically BSA II has been
+cC15-vL6obQ-00134-00034611-00034907 considered a non-standard variety of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00135-00034908-00035105 English inappropriate for formal
+cC15-vL6obQ-00136-00035106-00035303 contexts and influenced by indigenous
+cC15-vL6obQ-00137-00035304-00035510 African languages according to the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00138-00035511-00035810 Central Statistical Services as of 1994
+cC15-vL6obQ-00139-00035811-00036020 about 7 million black people spoke
+cC15-vL6obQ-00140-00036021-00036290 English in South Africa BSA II
+cC15-vL6obQ-00141-00036291-00036512 originated in the South African school
+cC15-vL6obQ-00142-00036513-00036821 system when the 1953 been to Education
+cC15-vL6obQ-00143-00036822-00037028 Act mandated the use of native African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00144-00037029-00037295 languages in the classroom when this law
+cC15-vL6obQ-00145-00037296-00037469 was established most of the native
+cC15-vL6obQ-00146-00037470-00037649 English speaking teachers were removed
+cC15-vL6obQ-00147-00037650-00037921 from schools this limited the exposure
+cC15-vL6obQ-00148-00037922-00038132 that black students received to standard
+cC15-vL6obQ-00149-00038133-00038423 varieties of English as a result the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00150-00038424-00038588 English spoken in black schools
+cC15-vL6obQ-00151-00038589-00038768 developed distinctive patterns of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00152-00038769-00038987 pronunciation and syntax leading to the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00153-00038988-00039257 formation of BSA II some of these
+cC15-vL6obQ-00154-00039258-00039458 characteristic features can be linked to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00155-00039459-00039638 the mother tongues of the early BSA II
+cC15-vL6obQ-00156-00039639-00039920 speakers the policy of mother tongue
+cC15-vL6obQ-00157-00039921-00040124 promotion in schools ultimately failed
+cC15-vL6obQ-00158-00040125-00040415 and in 1979 the Department of been to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00159-00040416-00040598 education allowed schools to choose
+cC15-vL6obQ-00160-00040599-00040759 their own language of instruction
+cC15-vL6obQ-00161-00040760-00040994 English was largely the language of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00162-00040995-00041174 choice because it was viewed as a key
+cC15-vL6obQ-00163-00041175-00041419 tool of social and economic advancement
+cC15-vL6obQ-00164-00041420-00041759 however by 1990 most educators were
+cC15-vL6obQ-00165-00041760-00041954 still second language English speakers
+cC15-vL6obQ-00166-00041955-00042164 and native African languages were still
+cC15-vL6obQ-00167-00042165-00042452 used widely in the classroom access to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00168-00042453-00042644 English thus remained limited and most
+cC15-vL6obQ-00169-00042645-00042808 students had little exposure to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00170-00042809-00043351 varieties of English besides BSA II
+cC15-vL6obQ-00171-00043352-00043940 topic Indian South African English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00172-00043941-00044294 topic indian south african english
+cC15-vL6obQ-00173-00044295-00044564 is AE is a sub variety that developed
+cC15-vL6obQ-00174-00044565-00044699 among the descendants of Indian
+cC15-vL6obQ-00175-00044700-00044975 immigrants to South Africa the apartheid
+cC15-vL6obQ-00176-00044976-00045311 policy in effect from 1948 to 1991
+cC15-vL6obQ-00177-00045312-00045542 prevented Indian children from publicly
+cC15-vL6obQ-00178-00045543-00045710 interacting with people of English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00179-00045711-00045971 heritage this separation caused an
+cC15-vL6obQ-00180-00045972-00046199 Indian variety to develop independently
+cC15-vL6obQ-00181-00046200-00046391 from white South African English though
+cC15-vL6obQ-00182-00046392-00046577 with phonological and lexical features
+cC15-vL6obQ-00183-00046578-00046769 still fitting under the South African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00184-00046770-00047051 English umbrella Indian South African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00185-00047052-00047396 English includes a base elect mess elect
+cC15-vL6obQ-00186-00047397-00047768 and acryl Act these terms describe
+cC15-vL6obQ-00187-00047769-00047954 varieties of a given language on a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00188-00047955-00048152 spectrum of similarity to the colonial
+cC15-vL6obQ-00189-00048153-00048404 version of that language the acryl act
+cC15-vL6obQ-00190-00048405-00048707 being the most similar today base elect
+cC15-vL6obQ-00191-00048708-00048911 speakers are generally older non-native
+cC15-vL6obQ-00192-00048912-00049136 speakers with little education a collect
+cC15-vL6obQ-00193-00049137-00049343 speakers closely resemble colonial
+cC15-vL6obQ-00194-00049344-00049517 native English speakers with a few
+cC15-vL6obQ-00195-00049518-00049739 phonetic syntactic exceptions and mess
+cC15-vL6obQ-00196-00049740-00049907 elect speakers fall somewhere in between
+cC15-vL6obQ-00197-00049908-00050201 is AE resembles Indian English in some
+cC15-vL6obQ-00198-00050202-00050423 respects possibly because the varieties
+cC15-vL6obQ-00199-00050424-00050585 contain speakers with shared mother
+cC15-vL6obQ-00200-00050586-00050753 tongues or because early English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00201-00050754-00050924 teachers were brought to South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00202-00050925-00051194 from India or both for prominent
+cC15-vL6obQ-00203-00051195-00051379 education related lexical features
+cC15-vL6obQ-00204-00051380-00051640 shared by ISAE in Indian English art
+cC15-vL6obQ-00205-00051641-00051902 tuitions which means extra lessons
+cC15-vL6obQ-00206-00051903-00052204 outside school that one pays for further
+cC15-vL6obQ-00207-00052205-00052491 studies which means higher education
+cC15-vL6obQ-00208-00052492-00052780 alphabets which means the alphabet
+cC15-vL6obQ-00209-00052782-00053051 letters of the alphabet and by heart
+cC15-vL6obQ-00210-00053052-00053366 which means to learn off by heart these
+cC15-vL6obQ-00211-00053366-00053549 items show the influence of Indian
+cC15-vL6obQ-00212-00053550-00053752 English teachers in South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00213-00053753-00054041 phonological II is AE also shares
+cC15-vL6obQ-00214-00054041-00054239 several similarities with Indian English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00215-00054240-00054419 though certain common features are
+cC15-vL6obQ-00216-00054420-00054623 decreasing in the South African variety
+cC15-vL6obQ-00217-00054624-00054920 for instance consonant retro flexion in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00218-00054921-00055180 phonemes like D and strong aspiration in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00219-00055182-00055373 consonant production common in North
+cC15-vL6obQ-00220-00055374-00055544 Indian English are present in both
+cC15-vL6obQ-00221-00055545-00055907 varieties but declining in ISAE syllable
+cC15-vL6obQ-00222-00055908-00056099 timed rhythm instead of stress timed
+cC15-vL6obQ-00223-00056100-00056297 rhythm is still a prominent feature in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00224-00056298-00056498 both varieties especially in more
+cC15-vL6obQ-00225-00056499-00056928 colloquial sub varieties
+cC15-vL6obQ-00226-00056929-00057473 topic Cape Flats English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00227-00057474-00057851 topic another variety of South African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00228-00057852-00058091 English as Cape Flats English originally
+cC15-vL6obQ-00229-00058091-00058301 and best associated with inner-city Cape
+cC15-vL6obQ-00230-00058302-00058704 coloured speakers
+cC15-vL6obQ-00231-00058704-00059204 topic phonetics
+cC15-vL6obQ-00232-00059204-00059577 topic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00233-00059578-00060049 topic vowels
+cC15-vL6obQ-00234-00060050-00060415 topic allophonic variation in the KITT
+cC15-vL6obQ-00235-00060416-00060714 vowel from wells 1982 lexical sets in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00236-00060715-00061048 some contexts such as after H the kid
+cC15-vL6obQ-00237-00061049-00061294 vowel is pronounced before Tata syllabic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00238-00061295-00061549 L it is pronounced and in other contexts
+cC15-vL6obQ-00239-00061550-00061801 it is pronounced this feature is not
+cC15-vL6obQ-00240-00061802-00062014 present in conservative say and may have
+cC15-vL6obQ-00241-00062015-00062227 resulted from a vocalic change shift in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00242-00062228-00062599 whites a pronunciation of the fleece
+cC15-vL6obQ-00243-00062600-00062815 vowel with the longmont of tunngle i in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00244-00062816-00063052 contrast other southern hemisphere
+cC15-vL6obQ-00245-00063053-00063255 English's like Australian English and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00246-00063257-00063427 New Zealand English have a diphthong
+cC15-vL6obQ-00247-00063428-00063775 iced fleece vowel I til die back bath
+cC15-vL6obQ-00248-00063776-00063966 vowel with lip rounding in the broader
+cC15-vL6obQ-00249-00063967-00064285 dialects or this differs from Australian
+cC15-vL6obQ-00250-00064286-00064474 English in New Zealand English which
+cC15-vL6obQ-00251-00064475-00064840 have central instead short trap vowel a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00252-00064841-00065091 resulting in a bath trap split
+cC15-vL6obQ-00253-00065091-00065311 Australian English and New Zealand
+cC15-vL6obQ-00254-00065312-00065623 English also demonstrate this split the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00255-00065624-00065875 lot vowel is short open weakly rounded
+cC15-vL6obQ-00256-00065876-00066202 and centralized around the foot vowel is
+cC15-vL6obQ-00257-00066203-00066421 short half closed back and centralized
+cC15-vL6obQ-00258-00066422-00066733 around you the nurse vowel tends to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00259-00066734-00066876 resemble the received pronunciation
+cC15-vL6obQ-00260-00066877-00067129 non-rhotic among conservatives say
+cC15-vL6obQ-00261-00067130-00067330 speakers while the vowel is front half
+cC15-vL6obQ-00262-00067331-00067872 closed centralized o in other varieties
+cC15-vL6obQ-00263-00067873-00068363 topic consonants
+cC15-vL6obQ-00264-00068364-00068723 topic in conservative and respectable
+cC15-vL6obQ-00265-00068724-00068942 say H is the voiceless glottal fricative
+cC15-vL6obQ-00266-00068943-00069323 H in extreme say H has a more breathy
+cC15-vL6obQ-00267-00069324-00069662 voice pronunciation the H is sometimes
+cC15-vL6obQ-00268-00069663-00069850 deleted in extreme say where it is
+cC15-vL6obQ-00269-00069851-00069998 preserved in conservative and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00270-00069999-00070265 respectable say for instance when it
+cC15-vL6obQ-00271-00070266-00070450 occurs initially in stressed syllables
+cC15-vL6obQ-00272-00070451-00070748 in words like house it is deleted in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00273-00070749-00071050 extreme say conservatives say is
+cC15-vL6obQ-00274-00071051-00071240 completely non-rhotic like received
+cC15-vL6obQ-00275-00071241-00071468 pronunciation while respectable say have
+cC15-vL6obQ-00276-00071469-00071729 sporadic moments of rotisserie these
+cC15-vL6obQ-00277-00071730-00071936 Rohtak moments generally occur in our
+cC15-vL6obQ-00278-00071937-00072226 final words more frequent rotisserie as
+cC15-vL6obQ-00279-00072227-00072512 a marker of extreme say unaspirated
+cC15-vL6obQ-00280-00072513-00072869 voiceless plosives like PT and k in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00281-00072870-00073181 stressed word initial environments Yan
+cC15-vL6obQ-00282-00073182-00073397 assimilation tune and doun tend to be
+cC15-vL6obQ-00283-00073398-00073651 realized as N and D instead of the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00284-00073652-00073784 received pronunciation
+cC15-vL6obQ-00285-00073785-00074439 TJ UN and DJ UN
+cC15-vL6obQ-00286-00074440-00074898 topic lexicon
+cC15-vL6obQ-00287-00074899-00075268 topic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00288-00075269-00075839 topic history of say dictionaries
+cC15-vL6obQ-00289-00075840-00076298 topic in 1913 Charles PETMAN created the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00290-00076299-00076505 first South African English Dictionary
+cC15-vL6obQ-00291-00076506-00076787 entitled African der isms this work
+cC15-vL6obQ-00292-00076788-00077018 sought to identify Afrikaans terms that
+cC15-vL6obQ-00293-00077019-00077195 were emerging in the English language in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00294-00077196-00077546 South Africa in 1924 the Oxford
+cC15-vL6obQ-00295-00077547-00077735 University Press published its first
+cC15-vL6obQ-00296-00077736-00077900 version of a South African English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00297-00077901-00077996 dictionary
+cC15-vL6obQ-00298-00077997-00078170 the South African pocket Oxford
+cC15-vL6obQ-00299-00078171-00078446 Dictionary subsequent editions of this
+cC15-vL6obQ-00300-00078447-00078656 dictionary have tried to take a broad
+cC15-vL6obQ-00301-00078657-00078926 editorial approach in including
+cC15-vL6obQ-00302-00078927-00079175 vocabulary terms native to South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00303-00079176-00079349 though the extent of this inclusion has
+cC15-vL6obQ-00304-00079350-00079643 been contested Rhodes University South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00305-00079644-00079868 Africa and Oxford University Great
+cC15-vL6obQ-00306-00079869-00080062 Britain worked together to produce the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00307-00080063-00080339 1978 dictionary of South African English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00308-00080340-00080507 which adopted a more conservative
+cC15-vL6obQ-00309-00080508-00080801 approach in its inclusion of terms this
+cC15-vL6obQ-00310-00080802-00080981 dictionary did include for the first
+cC15-vL6obQ-00311-00080982-00081176 time what the dictionary writers deemed
+cC15-vL6obQ-00312-00081177-00081506 the jargon of townships or vocabulary
+cC15-vL6obQ-00313-00081507-00081710 terms found in black journalism and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00314-00081711-00081917 literary circles dictionaries
+cC15-vL6obQ-00315-00081918-00082160 specializing in scientific jargon such
+cC15-vL6obQ-00316-00082161-00082346 as the common names of South African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00317-00082347-00082585 plants also emerged in the 20th century
+cC15-vL6obQ-00318-00082586-00082880 however these works still often relied
+cC15-vL6obQ-00319-00082881-00083078 on Latin terminology in European
+cC15-vL6obQ-00320-00083079-00083471 pronunciation systems as of 1992 Rajan
+cC15-vL6obQ-00321-00083472-00083654 mesthri had produced the only available
+cC15-vL6obQ-00322-00083655-00083851 dictionary of South African Indian
+cC15-vL6obQ-00323-00083852-00084186 English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00324-00084187-00084693 topic vocabulary
+cC15-vL6obQ-00325-00084694-00085047 topic say includes lexical items
+cC15-vL6obQ-00326-00085048-00085215 borrowed from other south african
+cC15-vL6obQ-00327-00085216-00085506 languages the following list provides a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00328-00085507-00085788 sample of some of these terms Bry
+cC15-vL6obQ-00329-00085789-00086062 barbecue from Afrikaans
+cC15-vL6obQ-00330-00086063-00086324 in pimpy police informant
+cC15-vL6obQ-00331-00086325-00086566 in dhaba conference meeting from Zulu
+cC15-vL6obQ-00332-00086567-00086929 quelle Aquila taxi or police pick up van
+cC15-vL6obQ-00333-00086930-00087203 madam bees a type of edible root found
+cC15-vL6obQ-00334-00087204-00087494 in Natal mama term of address for a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00335-00087495-00087835 senior woman mabh a kanga type of music
+cC15-vL6obQ-00336-00087836-00088214 more Ababa board game scabbing goo
+cC15-vL6obQ-00337-00088215-00088448 criminal found in AIESEC OSA and Isis
+cC15-vL6obQ-00338-00088449-00088778 ulu speaking areas scary che a loose
+cC15-vL6obQ-00339-00088779-00089048 woman found in Gauteng y'all the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00340-00089049-00089354 contraction of you all for second person
+cC15-vL6obQ-00341-00089355-00089831 plural pronouns in is a he
+cC15-vL6obQ-00342-00089832-00090358 topic British lexical items
+cC15-vL6obQ-00343-00090359-00090757 topic say also contains several lexical
+cC15-vL6obQ-00344-00090758-00090916 items that demonstrate the British
+cC15-vL6obQ-00345-00090917-00091323 influence on this variety ass bum ass
+cC15-vL6obQ-00346-00091324-00091800 chemist drugstore dinner jacket tuxedo
+cC15-vL6obQ-00347-00091801-00092034 dustbin garbage can
+cC15-vL6obQ-00348-00092035-00092730 petrol/gasoline silencer muffler
+cC15-vL6obQ-00349-00092731-00093231 topic expressions
+cC15-vL6obQ-00350-00093232-00093579 topic a range of se expressions have
+cC15-vL6obQ-00351-00093580-00093712 been borrowed from other South African
+cC15-vL6obQ-00352-00093713-00093960 languages or uniquely used in this
+cC15-vL6obQ-00353-00093961-00094215 variety of English some common
+cC15-vL6obQ-00354-00094216-00094463 expressions include the borrowed
+cC15-vL6obQ-00355-00094464-00094746 Afrikaans interjection AG meaning o as
+cC15-vL6obQ-00356-00094747-00095199 in AG go away man equivalent to German
+cC15-vL6obQ-00357-00095200-00095529 AK se uses a number of discourse markers
+cC15-vL6obQ-00358-00095530-00095853 from Afrikaans in colloquial speech the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00359-00095854-00096009 expression to come with common
+cC15-vL6obQ-00360-00096010-00096246 especially among Afrikaans people as in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00361-00096247-00096500 are they coming with this is influenced
+cC15-vL6obQ-00362-00096501-00096743 by the Afrikaans phrase hull kom Somme
+cC15-vL6obQ-00363-00096744-00097041 literally they come together with some
+cC15-vL6obQ-00364-00097042-00097205 being misinterpreted as with in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00365-00097206-00097319 Afrikaans
+cC15-vL6obQ-00366-00097320-00097548 some come as a separable verb similar to
+cC15-vL6obQ-00367-00097549-00097718 me command in Dutch and MIT common in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00368-00097719-00097923 German which is translated into English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00369-00097924-00098288 as to come along come with is also
+cC15-vL6obQ-00370-00098289-00098456 encountered in areas of the Upper
+cC15-vL6obQ-00371-00098457-00098663 Midwest of the United States which had a
+cC15-vL6obQ-00372-00098664-00098894 large number of Scandinavian Dutch and
+cC15-vL6obQ-00373-00098895-00099074 German immigrants who when speaking
+cC15-vL6obQ-00374-00099075-00099287 English translated equivalent phrases
+cC15-vL6obQ-00375-00099288-00099561 directly from their own languages the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00376-00099562-00099897 use of the strong obligated modal must
+cC15-vL6obQ-00377-00099898-00100082 is a synonym for the polite should ciao
+cC15-vL6obQ-00378-00100083-00100562 must has much less social impact in say
+cC15-vL6obQ-00379-00100563-00100896 than in other varieties now now as in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00380-00100897-00101225 I'll do it now now likely borrowed from
+cC15-vL6obQ-00381-00101226-00101460 the Afrikaans no no this expression
+cC15-vL6obQ-00382-00101461-00101610 describes a time later than that
+cC15-vL6obQ-00383-00101611-00101956 referenced in the phrase I'll do it now
+cC15-vL6obQ-00384-00101957-00102181 a large amount of slang comes from
+cC15-vL6obQ-00385-00102182-00102534 British origin such as naff boring dull
+cC15-vL6obQ-00386-00102535-00102904 or plain
+cC15-vL6obQ-00387-00102905-00103433 topic demographics
+cC15-vL6obQ-00388-00103433-00103817 topic the south african national census
+cC15-vL6obQ-00389-00103818-00104069 of 2011 found a total of four million
+cC15-vL6obQ-00390-00104070-00104260 eight hundred ninety two thousand six
+cC15-vL6obQ-00391-00104261-00104458 hundred twenty three speakers of english
+cC15-vL6obQ-00392-00104459-00104714 as a first language making up 9.6
+cC15-vL6obQ-00393-00104715-00104975 percent of the national population the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00394-00104976-00105122 provinces with significant
+cC15-vL6obQ-00395-00105123-00105317 english-speaking populations were the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00396-00105318-00105590 western cape 20.2% of the provincial
+cC15-vL6obQ-00397-00105591-00105872 population Gauteng 13.3% in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00398-00105873-00106196 kwazulu-natal 13.2% English was spoken
+cC15-vL6obQ-00399-00106197-00106442 across all ethnic groups in South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00400-00106443-00106682 the breakdown of English speakers
+cC15-vL6obQ-00401-00106683-00106856 according to the conventional racial
+cC15-vL6obQ-00402-00106857-00107086 classifications used by Statistics South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00403-00107088-00107255 Africa as described in the following
+cC15-vL6obQ-00404-00107256-00107698 table
+cC15-vL6obQ-00405-00107699-00108370 topic examples of South African accents
+cC15-vL6obQ-00406-00108371-00108711 topic the following examples of South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00407-00108713-00108892 African accents were obtained from
+cC15-vL6obQ-00408-00108893-00109222 George Mason University native English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00409-00109223-00109582 male Cape Town South Africa native
+cC15-vL6obQ-00410-00109583-00109899 English female Cape Town South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00411-00109900-00110194 native English male Port Elizabeth South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00412-00110195-00110605 Africa native English male Nigel South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00413-00110606-00111006 Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00414-00111007-00111534 topic see also
+cC15-vL6obQ-00415-00111535-00111907 topic list of English words of Afrikaans
+cC15-vL6obQ-00416-00111908-00112233 origin list of lexical differences in
+cC15-vL6obQ-00417-00112234-00112516 South African English list of South
+cC15-vL6obQ-00418-00112517-00112813 African slang words standard written
+cC15-vL6obQ-00419-00112814-00113396 English regional accents of English
+cC15-vL6obQ-00420-00113397-00113958 topic references
+cC15-vL6obQ-00421-00113959-00114346 topic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00422-00114347-00114883 topic bibliography
+cC15-vL6obQ-00423-00114883-00115274 topic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00424-00115275-00115792 topic further reading
+cC15-vL6obQ-00425-00115793-00116181 topic
+cC15-vL6obQ-00426-00116182-00116722 topic external links
+cC15-vL6obQ-00427-00116723-00117110 topic English Academy of South Africa
+cC15-vL6obQ-00428-00117111-00117675 the card brig dr. J h sm m english for
+cC15-vL6obQ-00429-00117676-00117973 the south african armed forces at the
+cC15-vL6obQ-00430-00117974-00118215 wayback machine archived the 22nd of
+cC15-vL6obQ-00431-00118216-00118644 June 2008 Zimbabwean slang dictionary
+cC15-vL6obQ-00432-00118645-00118969 surfer it can South African surfing
+cC15-vL6obQ-00433-00118970-00119293 slang the influence of Afrikaans on saw
+cC15-vL6obQ-00434-00119294-00119656 English in Dutch the expat portal RSA
+cC15-vL6obQ-00435-00119657-00120159 slang several samples of the dialect
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00000-00000003-00000337 live from Orlando Florida
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00001-00000338-00000692 it's the cube covering enterprise
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00002-00000693-00001162 connect 2019 brought to you by five nine
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00003-00001163-00001433 hi welcome back to the cubes coverage of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00004-00001434-00001667 Enterprise Connect 2019
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00005-00001668-00001843 I'm Lisa Martin with my co-host for the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00006-00001844-00002032 weeks to minim Anna we are in five 9s
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00007-00002034-00002291 booth here at this event excited to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00008-00002292-00002471 welcome to the Q for the first time Jase
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00009-00002472-00002657 Moreno Microsoft team's developer
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00010-00002658-00002870 platform lead from Microsoft Jason
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00011-00002871-00003014 welcome to the Q but are you having me
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00012-00003015-00003146 it's a pleasure so we're excited that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00013-00003147-00003322 you're here because you are on the main
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00014-00003323-00003540 stage tomorrow morning with Laurie right
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00015-00003542-00003836 but talk to us about Microsoft teams
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00016-00003836-00004138 you've been with Microsoft where what a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00017-00004139-00004409 lot a while now but about 10 months with
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00018-00004410-00004597 teams talk to us about this tool for
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00019-00004598-00004813 collaboration that companies can use
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00020-00004814-00005225 from 10 people in a meeting to 10,000
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00021-00005226-00005525 yeah you first tomorrow where the phrase
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00022-00005526-00005677 were coining is an intelligent workplace
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00023-00005678-00005900 for everyone right and I think for a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00024-00005901-00006079 long time we've been perceived as an
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00025-00006080-00006236 organization who builds tools a lot of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00026-00006237-00006343 times with the enterprise knowledge
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00027-00006344-00006559 worker the whole goal is to dispel that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00028-00006561-00006701 you know there's multiple people out
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00029-00006702-00006884 there millions of people who are you
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00030-00006884-00007025 know frontline workers whatever you want
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00031-00007026-00007117 to call them the folks that are
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00032-00007118-00007339 interfacing with your actual customers
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00033-00007340-00007514 and so we need to make sure that we're
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00034-00007515-00007676 developing tools that are for them but
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00035-00007677-00007849 overall as I look at the product and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00036-00007850-00008074 what we've delivered it's about bringing
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00037-00008075-00008273 you one single place to go to for
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00038-00008274-00008492 collaboration right so and that is bring
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00039-00008493-00008674 it together your tools whether or not
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00040-00008675-00008876 Microsoft built them into one experience
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00041-00008877-00009064 and then processes and workflows around
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00042-00009065-00009302 them so do you find that in terms of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00043-00009303-00009476 traction that like the enterprises and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00044-00009477-00009791 maybe the more senior generations that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00045-00009792-00009928 have been working with Microsoft tools
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00046-00009929-00010259 for a long time get it or I mean because
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00047-00010260-00010406 I can imagine there's kind of a cultural
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00048-00010407-00010606 gap there with large whether it's a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00049-00010607-00010745 large enterprise like a Microsoft or
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00050-00010746-00010919 maybe a smaller organization there are
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00051-00010920-00011131 people in this modern workforce that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00052-00011132-00011260 have very different perspectives
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00053-00011261-00011524 different cultures how can teams help to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00054-00011525-00011689 maybe break down some of those barriers
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00055-00011690-00011956 and really be a platform for innovation
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00056-00011957-00012092 now it's a great question I mean I think
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00057-00012093-00012271 we've been battling that cultural
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00058-00012272-00012517 digital clash for a long time you know
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00059-00012518-00012755 it to be fair I think it really comes
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00060-00012756-00012913 out with teams though because it is an
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00061-00012914-00012980 entire
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00062-00012981-00013124 different way of working it's not just
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00063-00013125-00013310 chat anymore right it's collaboration
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00064-00013311-00013424 it's bringing together all of these
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00065-00013425-00013613 experiences and so I think you know
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00066-00013613-00013862 there's a maturity curve for some of our
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00067-00013863-00014083 average users to be fair we're already
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00068-00014084-00014305 seeing that curve take off as we speak
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00069-00014306-00014576 but what I often give advice to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00070-00014577-00014786 customers and to partners I call them
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00071-00014787-00014918 super powers but you got to find that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00072-00014919-00015152 one reason that really gets people over
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00073-00015153-00015266 the line because we get asked all the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00074-00015266-00015596 time hey everybody loves it but we want
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00075-00015597-00015749 to get them to use this as the one tool
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00076-00015750-00015980 the one place that I go so I know that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00077-00015981-00016163 everything I sent in our organization
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00078-00016163-00016297 goes to that single place how do I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00079-00016298-00016466 deliver that and I go just give me a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00080-00016467-00016594 reason all right I mean if that's what
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00081-00016595-00016733 it comes down to honestly and I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00082-00016734-00016892 genuinely see that with organizations
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00083-00016893-00017111 we're seeing incredible examples of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00084-00017112-00017258 organizations leveraging partner
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00085-00017259-00017477 integrations where it's bringing out
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00086-00017478-00017660 their culture rather than them trying to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00087-00017661-00017899 evolve it if that makes sense
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00088-00017900-00018097 Jason I'm glad you brought up the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00089-00018098-00018296 partners there and when I hear developer
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00090-00018297-00018488 platform all right bring us inside a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00091-00018489-00018635 little bit but for everything API
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00092-00018636-00018958 compatible you know when people think
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00093-00018959-00019175 about developers you know there have
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00094-00019176-00019303 been developers in the Microsoft space
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00095-00019304-00019450 you know dotnet it's got it's great
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00096-00019451-00019715 ecosystem there but what is it like to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00097-00019716-00019949 be you know in the Microsoft ecosystem
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00098-00019950-00020209 here in 2019 it's a it's a fun place to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00099-00020210-00020396 be if I will say you know I've actually
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00100-00020397-00020618 I've even stopped using the term
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00101-00020619-00020768 developer when I say platform though to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00102-00020769-00020912 be fair because and the reason I bring
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00103-00020913-00021086 this up what we've actually built allows
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00104-00021087-00021242 a lot of IT professionals to build as
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00105-00021243-00021314 well on teams
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00106-00021315-00021484 you know PowerShell scripts as an
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00107-00021485-00021677 example is a huge opportunity for
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00108-00021678-00021899 customers frankly I've never written a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00109-00021900-00022016 line of code in my life and I built
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00110-00022017-00022219 about four teams so it's pretty amazing
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00111-00022220-00022433 what we're enabling but when we look at
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00112-00022434-00022640 a lot of what partners are building its
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00113-00022641-00022802 where are they seeing opportunities in
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00114-00022803-00022981 the marketplace so 5/9 as an example
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00115-00022982-00023186 with customer care great opportunity
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00116-00023187-00023372 there where we can extend the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00117-00023373-00023564 capabilities that a contact center as an
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00118-00023565-00023717 example might need inside of teams if
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00119-00023718-00023915 they wanted to play that I love I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00120-00023916-00024022 actually got to interview Geoffrey
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00121-00024023-00024218 Snover at Microsoft ignite last year who
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00122-00024219-00024467 of course created PowerShell and he was
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00123-00024468-00024700 like more excited you know now than he
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00124-00024701-00024842 was when it was created but you know
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00125-00024843-00025244 quite a long time ago so you know when I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00126-00025245-00025400 look around this platform Deana tell us
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00127-00025401-00025502 some of that some of the partners that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00128-00025503-00025720 you're working with I saw some of the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00129-00025722-00025925 some of the early notes it things like
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00130-00025926-00026108 you know
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00131-00026108-00026510 and talked about some of the partners
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00132-00026511-00026612 you're working yeah so one thing I'll
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00133-00026613-00026768 touch on to that I don't know if I fully
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00134-00026769-00026945 answered your last question is what I'm
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00135-00026945-00027092 hearing from our partners who have built
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00136-00027093-00027251 on teams and I'll touch on which ones in
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00137-00027252-00027443 a second you know we call it the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00138-00027444-00027589 extensibility of our platform but quite
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00139-00027591-00027790 literally what it means is they are we
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00140-00027791-00028027 are allowing partners to allow their
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00141-00028028-00028189 solutions to render in different ways
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00142-00028191-00028355 inside of teams and what we're hearing
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00143-00028356-00028517 from partners I had a conversation with
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00144-00028518-00028685 disco the other day as an example so
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00145-00028686-00028987 they built a I'm not doing them a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00146-00028988-00029135 service by explaining like this but it's
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00147-00029136-00029336 a kudos bot essentially they delivered
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00148-00029337-00029492 and it's it's it's actually bringing out
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00149-00029493-00029648 that culture but they told us the beauty
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00150-00029649-00029864 of the team's platform is that they
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00151-00029864-00030035 don't only show up as a bot to the end
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00152-00030036-00030206 users actually we've offered them other
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00153-00030207-00030424 ways to interact with the end user so
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00154-00030425-00030577 whatever is more comfortable for me
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00155-00030578-00030755 inside of teams and my interaction with
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00156-00030756-00030962 that solution it's easy for them to have
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00157-00030963-00031246 that that correspondence and so you know
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00158-00031247-00031406 but in terms of top partnerships that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00159-00031407-00031529 we're looking at we've had some
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00160-00031530-00031695 incredible integrations built recently
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00161-00031697-00031910 ADP just launched there's pretty
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00162-00031911-00032105 recently to check payroll and build sort
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00163-00032106-00032480 of a time off process flow if you will
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00164-00032481-00032683 with a bot paulie's been a great one
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00165-00032684-00032999 from day one we you know of integrations
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00166-00033000-00033236 with partners like Atlassian for DevOps
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00167-00033237-00033442 tools so JIRA and confluence cloud
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00168-00033443-00033715 Trello for project management I could go
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00169-00033716-00033905 on forever but we have over 250 in the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00170-00033906-00034133 store right now and that is growing very
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00171-00034134-00034286 rapidly there's what we spend most of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00172-00034287-00034540 our time on so the initial focus was
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00173-00034541-00034777 what are the tools out there that most
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00174-00034778-00034931 people need to get their job done every
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00175-00034932-00035077 day so that's where we'll start and now
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00176-00035078-00035273 we're really evolving that and we're
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00177-00035274-00035420 seeing some incredible things being
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00178-00035421-00035665 built as we speak so just being at
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00179-00035666-00035837 Enterprise Connect you know this is an
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00180-00035838-00036023 event where it's been around for a long
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00181-00036024-00036314 time and has evolved quite considerably
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00182-00036315-00036530 as Enterprise communication and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00183-00036531-00036710 collaborations has but one of the things
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00184-00036711-00036883 that when I was doing research to prep
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00185-00036884-00037076 for the show that I'm reading is that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00186-00037077-00037274 you know the customer experiences table
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00187-00037275-00037465 stakes it's make-or-break but some of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00188-00037466-00037699 the recommendations that when a company
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00189-00037700-00037910 is you know whether it's within a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00190-00037911-00038098 business unit buying software and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00191-00038099-00038275 services or at the corporate level the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00192-00038276-00038515 customer has to have a seat there so
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00193-00038516-00038716 that the decision is being made are we
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00194-00038717-00038960 implementing tools and technologies and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00195-00038961-00039169 services they're actually going to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00196-00039170-00039439 delight our customers not just retain
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00197-00039440-00039610 them but drive customer lifetime value
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00198-00039611-00039928 in your role where are some of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00199-00039929-00040099 Microsoft's customers in terms of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00200-00040100-00040294 helping to evolve the evolution of the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00201-00040295-00040498 platform that's a great question I cloud
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00202-00040499-00040714 you acid it's it's been fun in my role
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00203-00040715-00040951 because what we're seeing is a lot of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00204-00040952-00041173 customers who have taken the platform
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00205-00041174-00041356 and built integrations to their tools so
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00206-00041357-00041485 I think outside of productivity for a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00207-00041486-00041761 second think IT support think employee
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00208-00041762-00041932 resources they're building those
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00209-00041933-00042037 integrations and they're leveraging
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00210-00042038-00042277 those as a way to drive that organic
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00211-00042278-00042502 broad adoption inside of their companies
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00212-00042503-00042673 because they don't want to do the IT
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00213-00042674-00042853 force anymore they want people to love
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00214-00042854-00043015 it like you said and naturally take to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00215-00043016-00043195 it and so I keep coming back to that I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00216-00043196-00043345 call it superpowers again might be a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00217-00043346-00043501 ridiculous term but it's those
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00218-00043502-00043678 superpowers you deliver to people that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00219-00043679-00043828 allow them to get their work done better
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00220-00043829-00044047 get them to love that product since
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00221-00044048-00044210 you're a point not won't ever leave it
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00222-00044211-00044341 because you can get a majority of your
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00223-00044342-00044476 work done every day and that okay so
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00224-00044477-00044632 we've seen some really cool ones a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00225-00044633-00044779 couple examples that we just shared
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00226-00044780-00045037 recently so density is a great one so
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00227-00045038-00045229 they have a 3-person change management
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00228-00045230-00045445 team for a 50 thousand person global
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00229-00045446-00045664 organization okay three people got a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00230-00045665-00045796 scale there right I can't do that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00231-00045797-00045982 one-on-one training and so they
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00232-00045983-00046252 initially took teams and integrated it
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00233-00046253-00046462 into their current website intranet
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00234-00046463-00046738 internal portals to essentially create a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00235-00046739-00046957 chat bot that helps people learn how to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00236-00046958-00047140 use the technology they delivered now
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00237-00047141-00047230 they're taking that one step further
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00238-00047231-00047416 because I saw such great success and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00239-00047417-00047515 they're going to different centers of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00240-00047516-00047668 excellence inside the organization
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00241-00047669-00047791 saying hey do you want to get on board
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00242-00047792-00048007 because we'd like to make this the bots
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00243-00048008-00048196 that you interact with as an employee of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00244-00048197-00048406 Dentsu so it's just incredible but it's
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00245-00048407-00048541 driving again that adoption they're
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00246-00048542-00048682 seeing leveraging some of the simple
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00247-00048683-00048847 stuff that we have on the platform yeah
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00248-00048848-00049288 Xen is your question yes so when I look
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00249-00049289-00049411 at some of the macro trends about
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00250-00049412-00049579 communication where I've heard some
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00251-00049580-00049903 great success stories is internally just
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00252-00049904-00050062 being able to collaborate with some of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00253-00050063-00050401 my internal people teams has done really
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00254-00050402-00050695 well collaborating between various
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00255-00050696-00050935 organizations Stilson seems to have more
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00256-00050936-00051091 challenges can you just bring us a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00257-00051092-00051274 little bit insight as to you know why
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00258-00051275-00051475 you know I I hear a great success story
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00259-00051476-00051697 there and not negatives on teams but
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00260-00051698-00051862 just you know it's still challenging if
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00261-00051863-00052024 I have multiple organizations we all
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00262-00052025-00052150 understand even just doing a conference
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00263-00052151-00052408 call or you know heck a video call
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00264-00052409-00052612 between lots of different companies he's
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00265-00052613-00052816 still in 2019 is a challenge look I mean
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00266-00052817-00052912 I'll give you a couple of answers here
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00267-00052913-00053074 where we are young I mean it's two years
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00268-00053075-00053263 old as a product so the momentum has
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00269-00053264-00053482 been incredible but you know I I'm not
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00270-00053483-00053566 gonna sit here and tell you we don't
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00271-00053567-00053716 have things to work on we absolutely do
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00272-00053717-00054049 what I will say though you know take
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00273-00054050-00054185 enterprise connect for example we
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00274-00054186-00054388 actually have a teams team for
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00275-00054389-00054553 enterprise connect there's I actually
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00276-00054554-00054754 checked this morning at 181 people in
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00277-00054755-00054991 that team a majority of them are guests
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00278-00054992-00055186 so external users so vendors that we
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00279-00055187-00055357 work with to help us plan this
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00280-00055358-00055496 conference and bring it all together and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00281-00055497-00055723 a lot of that has been seamless yes
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00282-00055724-00055831 there are little things here in the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00283-00055832-00056060 other world working on but in that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00284-00056061-00056280 respect it's been pretty incredible I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00285-00056281-00056510 constantly am using it with external
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00286-00056511-00056860 parties and I I find though I don't
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00287-00056861-00057019 necessarily know if the challenge is in
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00288-00057020-00057241 the interface itself I think it ends up
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00289-00057242-00057556 becoming this opportunity to really
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00290-00057557-00057676 educate people on this new way of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00291-00057677-00057841 working and so I you know going back to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00292-00057842-00057947 our partners again we're sitting here at
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00293-00057948-00058178 5:00 9:00 but that becomes critical it's
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00294-00058179-00058294 how do we work better with these
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00295-00058295-00058468 organizations who we have mutual
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00296-00058469-00058636 customers with to create that experience
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00297-00058637-00058828 together right and bring again
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00298-00058829-00059098 superpowers to the users what about
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00299-00059099-00059260 security is a superpower where is that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00300-00059261-00059512 in these conversations I mean everything
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00301-00059513-00059632 we build has the layer of security I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00302-00059633-00059766 actually just got out of a meeting
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00303-00059767-00059948 you'll see we've got a we're gonna
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00304-00059949-00060118 announcement around this tomorrow I'm
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00305-00060119-00060421 sorry I can blow it unfortunately but I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00306-00060422-00060691 bottom of the foundation of core of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00307-00060692-00060935 everything that we do will be security
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00308-00060936-00061231 focus absolutely all right so I went to
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00309-00061232-00061456 the Microsoft show last year AI is also
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00310-00061457-00061567 one of those things that besides
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00311-00061568-00061903 security AI is infused anywhere so where
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00312-00061904-00062078 does AI fit into the whole team story
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00313-00062079-00062242 look the way we say I look at this in a
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00314-00062243-00062390 couple of angles so you know most people
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00315-00062391-00062617 get onto teams and it's kind of chat and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00316-00062618-00062776 collab at first right not always the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00317-00062777-00062944 case but a lot of organizations do that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00318-00062945-00063197 then it goes to meetings and I think and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00319-00063198-00063335 you'll see a lot of this post up
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00320-00063336-00063538 tomorrow we're doing on on ai but it's
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00321-00063539-00063838 how then do you proactively start
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00322-00063839-00064024 delivering better experiences to your
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00323-00064025-00064225 end users so I think of things that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00324-00064226-00064385 we're looking at right now is taking
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00325-00064386-00064515 data and sending
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00326-00064516-00064742 an example to your IT admins about
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00327-00064744-00064947 giving them insight into how users are
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00328-00064948-00065091 leveraging teams how do you improve that
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00329-00065091-00065300 experience for them so again you drive
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00330-00065301-00065519 that natural broad adoption but kind of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00331-00065520-00065705 assist them a little bit along the way
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00332-00065706-00065930 so tons of great examples around the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00333-00065931-00066119 board I'm not sure that fully answers
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00334-00066120-00066293 your question but it's just the the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00335-00066294-00066449 sky's the limit I think of some other
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00336-00066450-00066626 things we're looking at though you will
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00337-00066627-00066812 see a lot coming in the form of
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00338-00066813-00067053 transcription translation those services
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00339-00067054-00067286 that really create inclusiveness which
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00340-00067287-00067412 is a big focus for us you know again
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00341-00067413-00067511 back to that point earlier is the
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00342-00067512-00067728 intelligent workplace for everyone we
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00343-00067729-00067917 want to be able to provide services with
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00344-00067918-00068093 our partnerships that can really reach
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00345-00068094-00068249 anybody in the business world right and
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00346-00068250-00068471 even in the consumer world in some sense
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00347-00068472-00068762 well Jase thanks so much for joining sue
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00348-00068763-00068865 and me on the program this afternoon
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00349-00068866-00068987 we're looking forward to hearing your
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00350-00068988-00069131 keynote in the morning and sharing with
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00351-00069132-00069279 us some of the excitement and things
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00352-00069280-00069401 that are happening and announcements
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00353-00069402-00069516 we're gonna hear from Microsoft teams
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00354-00069517-00069656 tomorrow that was my pleasure thank you
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00355-00069657-00069782 so much for having me appreciate it our
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00356-00069783-00069942 pleasure first zoom in Amman I'm Lisa
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00357-00069943-00070055 Martin you're watching the cubes
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00358-00070056-00070299 coverage of day 1 Enterprise Connect
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00359-00070300-00070562 2019 from Orlando stick around Stu and I
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00360-00070563-00071308 will be right back with our next guest
+cDm2CjyZUdE-00361-00071309-00071614 [Music]
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00000-00000476-00001062 [Music]
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00001-00001063-00001183 the thing that really motivates me to
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00002-00001184-00001407 get out of bed is to
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00003-00001408-00001743 both move in a way that encourages
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00004-00001744-00002175 um vulnerability and courage and to have
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00005-00002176-00002334 the conversations
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00006-00002335-00002423 um
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00007-00002424-00002647 both intimate and challenging that that
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00008-00002648-00002807 help foster that in the world by
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00009-00002808-00002966 professional training i'm a social
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00010-00002967-00003231 worker and a sexuality educator i was
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00011-00003232-00003399 looking for my community both a
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00012-00003400-00003679 community for um to connect with and to
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00013-00003679-00003870 invest in i knew pretty pretty straight
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00014-00003871-00004038 away that this is something that i
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00015-00004039-00004215 wanted to
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00016-00004216-00004502 be connected to and i wanted to um
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00017-00004503-00004975 direct my resources towards
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00018-00004976-00005183 it's important to me to feel
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00019-00005184-00005415 like i'm investing in the communities
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00020-00005416-00005567 that are doing
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00021-00005568-00005831 the work that i feel is strongly needed
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00022-00005832-00006015 in the world and and
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00023-00006016-00006222 having been in a position where i have
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00024-00006223-00006446 the resources to redistribute in that
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00025-00006447-00006663 way i feel like that's that's absolutely
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00026-00006664-00006878 crucial i think it is really important
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00027-00006879-00007255 for me to invest in the elevated voices
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00028-00007256-00007574 and dialogue and movements led by folks
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00029-00007575-00007846 who have perspectives that i
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00030-00007847-00008046 i might be able to empathize with and
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00031-00008047-00008214 understand
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00032-00008215-00008510 um but that i can't truly relate to
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00033-00008511-00008742 there's so much prohibition around
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00034-00008743-00009039 making these experiences speakable
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00035-00009040-00009214 especially if they don't fit neatly into
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00036-00009215-00009614 certain categories
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00037-00009615-00009767 i don't think that we i don't think it's
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00038-00009768-00010031 possible to truly heal on our own what i
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00039-00010032-00010159 don't think that human beings are wired
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00040-00010160-00010246 that way
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00041-00010247-00010280 um
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00042-00010281-00010391 [Music]
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00043-00010392-00010463 so
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00044-00010464-00010710 i think that this this creates a nexus
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00045-00010711-00010983 of liberation and healing folks if they
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00046-00010984-00011159 mean it if they're passionate about this
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00047-00011160-00011446 and they really believe in holistic and
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00048-00011447-00011631 intersectional healing
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00049-00011632-00011742 and liberation of these things they're
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00050-00011743-00011878 gonna have to look at resources outside
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00051-00011879-00012070 of the formal i think this kind of work
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00052-00012071-00012183 is
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00053-00012184-00012470 it's a part of being a human being i
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00054-00012471-00012710 am invested in the experiences of other
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00055-00012711-00013055 human beings and wanting to leave the
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00056-00013056-00013255 state of things a little bit better than
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00057-00013256-00013503 the way i found it if i can help it i
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00058-00013504-00013766 there's a part of me that recognizes the
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00059-00013768-00013903 deep need
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00060-00013904-00014135 and the kind of grief that i was holding
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00061-00014136-00014286 of not having a resource like this for
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00062-00014287-00014638 so long and the the encouragement and
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00063-00014640-00014886 relief that i feel and knowing that it's
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00064-00014887-00015230 out there now
+cFQ7UIKQwR4-00065-00015231-00016685 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00000-00001315-00001871 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00001-00001872-00002638 the season to be jolly
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00002-00002639-00003343 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00003-00003344-00004000 uh
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00004-00004001-00006518 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00005-00006519-00007373 fast away the old year passes
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00006-00007375-00007703 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00007-00007704-00008093 all together
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00008-00008094-00009129 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00009-00009130-00009474 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00010-00009475-00009711 la la
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00011-00009712-00010465 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00012-00010466-00011019 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00013-00011020-00011357 la la
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00014-00011358-00012517 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00015-00012518-00012655 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00016-00012656-00013383 oh
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00017-00013384-00016090 oh
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00018-00016091-00017494 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00020-00022101-00023791 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00021-00023792-00024211 never
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00022-00024212-00024839 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00023-00024840-00024975 and
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00024-00024976-00025407 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00025-00025408-00025767 foreign
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00026-00025768-00027618 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00027-00027619-00029295 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00028-00029295-00029467 yet
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00029-00029468-00030422 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00030-00030423-00031443 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00031-00031444-00031937 kindness yet
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00032-00031938-00034416 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00034-00042528-00042823 so
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00035-00042824-00044118 [Music]
+cGo3KC1kYs4-00036-00044119-00044328 you
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00000-00000051-00000340 a doctorate from Latin doser II to teach
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00001-00000341-00000608 or doctor's degree from Latin doctor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00002-00000609-00000902 teacher or doctoral degree from the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00003-00000902-00001151 ancient formalism licentious Envy is an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00004-00001152-00001312 academic degree awarded by universities
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00005-00001313-00001586 that as in most countries a research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00006-00001587-00001775 degree that qualifies the holder to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00007-00001776-00001952 teach at the university level in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00008-00001953-00002123 degrees field or to work in a specific
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00009-00002124-00002377 profession there are a variety of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00010-00002378-00002588 doctoral degrees with the most common
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00011-00002589-00002849 being the Doctor of Philosophy PhD which
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00012-00002850-00003014 is awarded in many different fields
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00013-00003015-00003191 ranging from the humanities to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00014-00003192-00003484 scientific disciplines in the United
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00015-00003485-00003661 States and some other countries there
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00016-00003662-00003836 are also some types of vocational
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00017-00003836-00004054 technical or professional degrees that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00018-00004055-00004227 are referred to as doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00019-00004228-00004402 professional doctorates have
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00020-00004403-00004561 historically come about to meet the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00021-00004562-00004750 needs of practitioners in a variety of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00022-00004751-00004836 disciplines
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00023-00004837-00005066 however the aims and means of these
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00024-00005067-00005293 degrees vary greatly across disciplines
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00025-00005294-00005494 making it difficult to claim a universal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00026-00005495-00005688 understanding of professional doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00027-00005689-00005980 many universities also award honorary
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00028-00005981-00006175 doctorates to individuals who have been
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00029-00006176-00006364 deemed worthy of special recognition
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00030-00006365-00006554 either for scholarly work or for other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00031-00006555-00006770 contributions to the university or to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00032-00006770-00007127 society
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00033-00007128-00007629 topic history
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00034-00007630-00008131 topic Middle Ages
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00035-00008133-00008363 the term doctor derives from Latin
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00036-00008364-00008810 meaning teacher or instructor the doctor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00037-00008811-00009005 at Latin doctor Addis appeared in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00038-00009006-00009191 medieval Europe as a license to teach
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00039-00009192-00009377 Latin listen chiid Oh Cindy at a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00040-00009378-00009659 university its roots can be traced to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00041-00009660-00009815 the early church in which the term
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00042-00009816-00010019 doctor referred to the Apostles church
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00043-00010020-00010220 fathers and other Christian authorities
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00044-00010221-00010424 who taught and interpreted the Bible the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00045-00010425-00010655 right to grant a licentious in D ie the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00046-00010656-00010856 doctorate was originally reserved to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00047-00010857-00011018 Catholic Church which required the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00048-00011019-00011219 applicant to pass a test to take an oath
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00049-00011220-00011477 of allegiance and pay a fee the 3rd
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00050-00011478-00011720 Council of the Lateran of 1179
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00051-00011721-00011963 guaranteed the access at that time
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00052-00011964-00012209 largely free of charge of all able
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00053-00012210-00012464 applicants applicants were tested for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00054-00012465-00012704 aptitude this Rite remained a bone of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00055-00012705-00012835 contention between the church
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00056-00012836-00013031 authorities and universities that were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00057-00013032-00013208 slowly distancing themselves from the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00058-00013209-00013472 church the Rite was granted by the Pope
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00059-00013472-00013751 to the University of Paris in 1213 where
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00060-00013752-00013946 it became a universal license to teach
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00061-00013947-00014228 licentious you back with OCD however
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00062-00014229-00014429 while the licentious continued to hold a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00063-00014430-00014594 higher prestige than the bachelor's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00064-00014594-00014783 degree baccalaureus the latter was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00065-00014784-00014969 ultimately reduced to an intermediate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00066-00014969-00015172 step to the Magister and doctorate both
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00067-00015173-00015308 of which now became the exclusive
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00068-00015309-00015581 teaching qualification according to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00069-00015582-00015850 Keith Allen noble 1994 the first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00070-00015851-00016066 doctoral degree was awarded in medieval
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00071-00016068-00016304 Paris around 1150 the so called
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00072-00016305-00016552 professional vocational or technical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00073-00016553-00016862 curriculum in contrast to liberal arts
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00074-00016863-00017042 of the Middle Ages included only
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00075-00017043-00017503 theology law and medicine
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00076-00017504-00018052 topic 17th century
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00077-00018053-00018304 the doctorate of philosophy developed in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00078-00018305-00018588 Germany in the 17th century like Lisi
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00079-00018589-00019060 1652 the term philosophy does not refer
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00080-00019061-00019249 solely to the field or academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00081-00019250-00019459 discipline of philosophy but is used in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00082-00019460-00019636 a broader sense in accordance with its
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00083-00019637-00019864 original Greek meaning which is love of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00084-00019865-00020169 wisdom in most of Europe all fields
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00085-00020170-00020422 history philosophy social sciences
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00086-00020423-00020604 mathematics and Natural Philosophy
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00087-00020605-00020857 Natural Sciences were traditionally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00088-00020858-00021058 known as philosophy and in Germany and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00089-00021059-00021253 elsewhere in Europe the basic Faculty of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00090-00021254-00021496 Liberal Arts was known as the Faculty of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00091-00021497-00021753 philosophy the doctorate of philosophy
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00092-00021754-00022012 adheres to this historic convention even
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00093-00022013-00022186 though the degrees are not always for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00094-00022187-00022447 the study of philosophy Chris Park
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00095-00022448-00022650 explains that it was not until formal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00096-00022651-00022843 education and degree programs were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00097-00022844-00023038 standardized in the early 19th century
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00098-00023039-00023254 that the doctorate of philosophy was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00099-00023255-00023458 reintroduced in Germany as a research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00100-00023459-00023791 degree abbreviated as dr. Phil similar
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00101-00023792-00024037 to PhD in anglo-american countries
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00102-00024038-00024319 Germany however differentiated then in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00103-00024320-00024493 more detail between doctorates in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00104-00024494-00024697 philosophy and doctorates in the Natural
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00105-00024698-00025078 Sciences abbreviated as dr. RER nat and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00106-00025079-00025247 also doctorates in the social political
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00107-00025248-00025553 sciences abbreviated as dr. R er
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00108-00025554-00025833 pol similar to the other traditional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00109-00025835-00026058 doctorates in medicine dr. med and law
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00110-00026060-00026380 dr. your University doctoral training
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00111-00026381-00026581 was a form of apprenticeship - a guild
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00112-00026582-00026830 the traditional term of study before new
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00113-00026831-00027001 teachers were admitted to the guild of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00114-00027002-00027339 Masters of Arts was seven years matching
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00115-00027341-00027471 the apprenticeship term for other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00116-00027472-00027817 occupations originally the terms master
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00117-00027818-00028198 and doctor were synonymous but over time
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00118-00028199-00028375 the doctorate came to be regarded as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00119-00028376-00028567 higher qualification than the master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00120-00028568-00028867 degree Mack disease revised hypothesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00121-00028868-00029032 that the doctorate originated in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00122-00029033-00029263 Islamic edges a reversal of his earlier
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00123-00029264-00029500 view that saw both systems as F the most
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00124-00029501-00029773 fundamental difference was rejected by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00125-00029774-00030007 Hough as unsubstantiated university
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00126-00030008-00030189 degrees including doctorates were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00127-00030191-00030451 originally restricted to men the first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00128-00030452-00030615 women to be granted doctorates were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00129-00030616-00030931 Juliana Morrill in 1608 at Lyon's Elena
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00130-00030932-00031225 Cornaro Pisco Pia in 1678 at the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00131-00031226-00031399 University of Padua Laura
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00132-00031400-00031714 bossy in 1732 at Bologna University
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00133-00031714-00032023 Dorothea ARC's Leben in 1754 at Halle
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00134-00032024-00032308 University and Maria Isidro de Guzman y
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00135-00032308-00032587 de la serda in 1785 at Complutense
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00136-00032588-00032982 University Madrid
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00137-00032983-00033493 topic modern times
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00138-00033494-00033712 the use and meaning of the doctorate has
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00139-00033713-00033901 changed over time and is subject to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00140-00033902-00034201 regional variations for instance until
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00141-00034202-00034423 the early 20th century few academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00142-00034424-00034648 staff or professors in english-speaking
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00143-00034649-00034870 universities held doctorates except for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00144-00034871-00035059 very senior scholars and those in holy
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00145-00035060-00035122 orders
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00146-00035123-00035380 after that time the German practice of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00147-00035381-00035575 requiring lecturers to have completed a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00148-00035576-00035851 research doctorate spread universities
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00149-00035852-00036064 shift to research oriented based upon
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00150-00036065-00036262 the scientific method inquiry and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00151-00036263-00036472 observation education increased the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00152-00036473-00036751 doctorates importance today a research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00153-00036752-00036997 doctor at PhD or its equivalent as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00154-00036998-00037213 defined in the u.s. by the NSF is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00155-00037214-00037399 generally a prerequisite for an academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00156-00037400-00037633 career although many recipients do not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00157-00037634-00037963 work in academia professional doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00158-00037964-00038140 developed in the United States from the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00159-00038141-00038407 19th century onward the first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00160-00038408-00038599 professional doctorate to be offered in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00161-00038600-00038812 the United States was the MD at King's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00162-00038813-00039058 College now Columbia University after
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00163-00039059-00039328 the medical school's founding in 1767
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00164-00039329-00039511 although this was not a professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00165-00039512-00039703 doctorate in the modern American sense
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00166-00039704-00039877 as it was awarded for further study
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00167-00039878-00040054 after the qualifying Bachelor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00168-00040055-00040267 Medicine MB rather than being a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00169-00040268-00040561 qualifying degree the MD became the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00170-00040562-00040771 standard first degree in medicine during
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00171-00040772-00040984 the 19th century but as a three-year
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00172-00040985-00041190 undergraduate degree it did not become
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00173-00041191-00041380 established as a graduate degree until
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00174-00041381-00041773 1930 the MD as the standard qualifying
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00175-00041774-00041983 degree in medicine gave that profession
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00176-00041984-00042154 the ability through the American Medical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00177-00042155-00042490 Association established in 1847 for this
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00178-00042491-00042688 purpose to set and raise standards for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00179-00042689-00042883 entry into professional practice the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00180-00042884-00043075 modern research degree in the shape of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00181-00043076-00043303 the German style PhD was first awarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00182-00043304-00043654 in the u.s. in 1861 at Yale University
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00183-00043655-00043888 this differed from the MD and that the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00184-00043889-00044125 latter was a vocational professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00185-00044126-00044401 degree that trained students to apply or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00186-00044402-00044587 practice knowledge rather than generate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00187-00044588-00044749 it similar to other students in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00188-00044750-00045046 vocational schools or Institutes in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00189-00045047-00045271 UK research doctorates initially took
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00190-00045272-00045445 the form of higher doctorates first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00191-00045446-00045697 introduced at Durham University in 1882
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00192-00045698-00046057 the PhD spread to the UK from the u.s.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00193-00046058-00046270 via Canada and was instituted at all
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00194-00046271-00046555 British universities from 1917 with the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00195-00046556-00046849 first title daddy ph IL being awarded at
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00196-00046850-00046870 the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00197-00046871-00047092 University of Oxford following the MD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00198-00047093-00047287 the next professional doctorate the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00199-00047288-00047617 juris doctor JD was established by the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00200-00047618-00047980 University of Chicago in 1902 however it
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00201-00047981-00048169 took a long time to be accepted not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00202-00048170-00048454 replacing The Bachelor of Laws LLB until
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00203-00048455-00048727 the 1960s by which time the LLB was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00204-00048728-00048936 generally taken as a graduate degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00205-00048937-00049225 notably the curriculum for the JD and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00206-00049226-00049474 LLB were identical with the degree being
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00207-00049475-00049648 renamed as a doctorate and it like the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00208-00049649-00049933 MD was not equivalent to the PhD raising
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00209-00049934-00050146 criticism that it was not a true
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00210-00050147-00050218 doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00211-00050219-00050449 when professional doctorates were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00212-00050450-00050719 established in the UK in the late 1980s
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00213-00050720-00050968 and early 1990s they did not follow the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00214-00050969-00051181 u.s. model but were instead set up as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00215-00051182-00051370 research degrees at the same level as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00216-00051371-00051607 PhDs but with some taught components and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00217-00051608-00051784 a professional concentration for the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00218-00051785-00052003 research work the older-style doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00219-00052004-00052210 now usually called higher doctorates in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00220-00052211-00052402 the United Kingdom take much longer to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00221-00052403-00052588 complete since candidates must show
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00222-00052589-00052750 themselves to be leading experts in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00223-00052751-00053002 their subjects these doctorates are now
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00224-00053003-00053185 less common in some countries and are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00225-00053186-00053425 often awarded honoris causa the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00226-00053426-00053622 habilitation is still used for academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00227-00053623-00053845 recruitment purposes in many countries
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00228-00053846-00054079 within the EU and involves either a new
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00229-00054079-00054307 long thesis a second book or a portfolio
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00230-00054308-00054562 of research publications the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00231-00054563-00054780 habilitation highest available degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00232-00054782-00054976 demonstrates independent and thorough
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00233-00054977-00055195 research experience in teaching and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00234-00055196-00055414 lecturing and more recently the ability
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00235-00055415-00055648 to generate supportive funding the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00236-00055649-00055830 habilitation follows the research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00237-00055832-00056014 doctorate and in Germany it can be a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00238-00056015-00056209 requirement for appointment as a private
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00239-00056210-00056670 dozen or professor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00240-00056671-00057076 topic types
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00241-00057077-00057332 since the Middle Ages the number and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00242-00057333-00057479 types of doctorates awarded by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00243-00057479-00057655 universities has proliferated throughout
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00244-00057657-00057935 the world practice varies from one
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00245-00057936-00058151 country to another while a doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00246-00058152-00058352 usually entitles one to be addressed as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00247-00058353-00058658 dr. use of the title varies widely
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00248-00058659-00058871 depending on the type and the associated
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00249-00058872-00059217 occupation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00250-00059219-00059821 topic research doctorate research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00251-00059822-00060030 doctorates are awarded in recognition of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00252-00060032-00060259 academic research that is publishable at
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00253-00060260-00060433 least in principle in a peer-reviewed
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00254-00060434-00060751 academic journal the best-known research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00255-00060752-00060904 degree title in the english-speaking
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00256-00060904-00061104 world is Doctor of Philosophy
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00257-00061104-00061479 abbreviated PhD PhD or at some British
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00258-00061480-00061573 universities
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00259-00061574-00061798 DPH il awarded in many countries
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00260-00061799-00061917 throughout the world
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00261-00061919-00062164 other research doctorates include the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00262-00062165-00062419 Doctor of Education EDD or ed
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00263-00062420-00062683 Doctor of Arts DA Doctor of Musical Arts
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00264-00062684-00062923 DMA Doctor of Professional Studies
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00265-00062924-00063192 professional doctorate probe doc or DP
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00266-00063194-00063469 rof doctor of public health doctor pH
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00267-00063470-00063811 doctor of social science DSSC or DSO
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00268-00063812-00064179 CSCI doctor of management DM or DM GT
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00269-00064180-00064465 doctor of business administration DBA or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00270-00064466-00064783 DBA the UK doctor of Management d-man
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00271-00064784-00065029 various doctorates in engineering such
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00272-00065029-00065260 as the u.s. doctor of engineering DNA
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00273-00065261-00065665 des c or d es also awarded in Japan and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00274-00065666-00065911 South Korea the UK engineering doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00275-00065912-00066190 engd the Dutch professional doctorate in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00276-00066191-00066373 engineering P dang the German
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00277-00066374-00066619 engineering doctorate or ingénieur dr.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00278-00066620-00066796 Inge and the German Natural Science
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00279-00066797-00067129 doctor at dr. rerum Natura Liam Dr rere
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00280-00067130-00067516 at the UK doctor of medicine MD or MD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00281-00067517-00067831 res and Doctor of Dental Surgery DDS can
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00282-00067832-00068083 be researched doctorates the doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00283-00068084-00068503 theology þ ð ð þ or THD doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00284-00068504-00068782 practical theology DPT and the doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00285-00068783-00069109 sacred theology STD or D sth our
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00286-00069110-00069364 research doctorates in theology criteria
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00287-00069365-00069547 for research doctorates vary but
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00288-00069548-00069724 typically require completion of a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00289-00069725-00069904 substantial body of original research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00290-00069905-00070107 which may be presented as a single
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00291-00070108-00070315 thesis or dissertation or as a portfolio
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00292-00070316-00070561 of shorter project reports thesis by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00293-00070562-00070840 publication the submitted dissertation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00294-00070841-00071038 is assessed by a committee of examiner's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00295-00071039-00071215 and is then typically defended by the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00296-00071216-00071431 candidate during an oral examination
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00297-00071432-00071607 Viva in the UK and India by the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00298-00071608-00071869 committee candidates may also be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00299-00071870-00072057 required to complete graduate level
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00300-00072058-00072253 courses in their field as well as study
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00301-00072254-00072457 research methodology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00302-00072458-00072686 criteria for admission to doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00303-00072687-00072941 programs varies in the US and the UK
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00304-00072942-00073115 students may be admitted with a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00305-00073116-00073358 bachelor's degree while elsewhere eg in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00306-00073359-00073555 Finland a master's degree is required
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00307-00073556-00073820 the time required to complete a research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00308-00073821-00074090 doctorate varies from 3 years excluding
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00309-00074091-00074598 undergraduate study to 6 years or more
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00310-00074599-00075118 topic licentiate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00311-00075119-00075368 licentiate degrees vary widely in their
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00312-00075369-00075526 meaning and in a few countries our
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00313-00075527-00075815 doctoral level qualifications Sweden
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00314-00075816-00076004 Awards the licentiate degree as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00315-00076005-00076241 two-year qualification at doctoral level
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00316-00076242-00076451 and the doctoral degree PhD as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00317-00076452-00076724 four-year qualification Sweden
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00318-00076725-00076936 originally abolished the licentiate in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00319-00076937-00077237 1969 but reintroduced it in response to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00320-00077238-00077531 demands from business Finland also has a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00321-00077532-00077735 two-year doctoral level licentiate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00322-00077736-00078032 degree similar to Sweden's outside of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00323-00078033-00078260 Scandinavia the licentiate is normally a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00324-00078261-00078572 lower level qualification in Belgium the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00325-00078573-00078782 licentiate was the basic university
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00326-00078783-00079013 degree prior to the Bologna process and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00327-00079014-00079172 was approximately equivalent to a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00328-00079173-00079370 bachelor's degree while in France and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00329-00079371-00079535 other countries it is the bachelors
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00330-00079536-00079724 level qualification in the Bologna
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00331-00079725-00080009 process in the pontifical system the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00332-00080010-00080294 licentiate in sacred theology STL is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00333-00080295-00080480 equivalent to an advanced master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00334-00080481-00080690 degree or the post masters coursework
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00335-00080691-00080912 required in preparation for a doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00336-00080913-00081110 ie similar in level to the Swedish
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00337-00081111-00081305 Finnish licentiate degree while other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00338-00081306-00081526 licenses such as the license in canon
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00339-00081527-00082063 law are at the level of master's degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00340-00082064-00082298 topic higher doctorate and post doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00341-00082299-00082677 degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00342-00082678-00082929 a higher tier of research doctorates may
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00343-00082930-00083124 be awarded on the basis of a formally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00344-00083125-00083298 submitted portfolio of published
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00345-00083299-00083546 research of a particularly high standard
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00346-00083547-00083798 examples include the Doctor of Science
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00347-00083799-00084141 DSC and Doctor of Letters D Lit degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00348-00084142-00084330 found in the UK Ireland and some
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00349-00084331-00084477 Commonwealth countries and the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00350-00084478-00084686 traditional doctorates in Scandinavia
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00351-00084687-00084972 the Ecole st. Thomas docking of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00352-00084973-00085182 université catholique de Louvain for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00353-00085183-00085386 instance has offered the opportunity for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00354-00085387-00085533 students who had already earned a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00355-00085534-00085707 doctorate to earn the degree of Maitreya
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00356-00085708-00085908 J Magister aggregate Asst the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00357-00085909-00086109 habilitation teaching qualification
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00358-00086110-00086372 Faculty's docent II or faculty to teach
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00359-00086373-00086625 under a university procedure with a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00360-00086626-00086829 thesis and an exam is commonly regarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00361-00086830-00087047 as belonging to this category in Germany
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00362-00087048-00087381 Austria France Liechtenstein Switzerland
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00363-00087382-00087681 Poland etc the degree developed in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00364-00087682-00087948 Germany in the 19th century when holding
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00365-00087949-00088149 a doctorate seemed no longer sufficient
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00366-00088150-00088377 to guarantee a proficient transfer of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00367-00088378-00088680 knowledge to the next generation the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00368-00088681-00088887 habilitation results in an award of a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00369-00088888-00089208 formal dr. Hamill degree or the holder
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00370-00089209-00089469 of the degree may add hable to their
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00371-00089470-00089709 research doctorates such as dr. Phil
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00372-00089710-00090252 pebble or dr. R er NAT hable in some
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00373-00090253-00090474 European universities especially in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00374-00090475-00090684 german-speaking countries the degree is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00375-00090685-00090843 insufficient to have teaching duties
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00376-00090844-00091047 without professor supervision or to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00377-00091048-00091275 teach and supervise PhD students
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00378-00091276-00091422 independently without an additional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00379-00091423-00091665 instructor teaching certificate license
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00380-00091666-00091902 such as private doesn't in many
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00381-00091903-00092097 countries of Central and Eastern Europe
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00382-00092098-00092274 the degree gives the venía legend e
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00383-00092275-00092535 latin for permission for lecturing or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00384-00092536-00092858 the I u.s. doe Cindy write of teaching a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00385-00092859-00093087 specific academic subject at
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00386-00093088-00093246 universities for a lifetime
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00387-00093247-00093492 the French academic system used to have
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00388-00093493-00093687 a higher doctorate called state
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00389-00093688-00093942 Doctorate Doctorate d'etat but it was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00390-00093943-00094098 superseded by the habilitation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00391-00094099-00094388 habilitation of diringer de recherche
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00392-00094389-00094661 accreditation to supervise research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00393-00094662-00095059 abbreviated HDR in 1984
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00394-00095060-00095319 higher doctorates are often also awarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00395-00095320-00095538 honoris causa when a university wishes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00396-00095539-00095724 to formally recognize an individual's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00397-00095725-00095905 achievements and contributions to a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00398-00095906-00096280 particular field
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00399-00096281-00096812 Topic professional doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00400-00096813-00097049 depending on the country professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00401-00097050-00097205 doctorates may either be research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00402-00097206-00097439 degrees at the same level as PhDs or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00403-00097440-00097616 professional degrees with little or no
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00404-00097617-00097895 research content many professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00405-00097896-00098138 doctorates are named doctor of subject
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00406-00098139-00098438 name and abbreviated using the form D
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00407-00098439-00098747 subject abbreviation or subject
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00408-00098748-00098987 abbreviation D or may use the more
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00409-00098988-00099295 generic titles professional doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00410-00099296-00099809 abbreviated profe doc or VP rof quote
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00411-00099810-00100058 comma quote doctor of Professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00412-00100059-00100451 Studies DPS or Doctor of professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00413-00100452-00100753 practice DP P in the u.s. professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00414-00100754-00101084 doctorates formerly doctor's degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00415-00101085-00101335 professional practice in government
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00416-00101336-00101579 classifications are defined by the US
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00417-00101580-00101855 Department of Education National Center
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00418-00101856-00102098 for Educational statistics as degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00419-00102099-00102347 that require a minimum of six years of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00420-00102348-00102619 university level study including any pre
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00421-00102620-00102851 professional bachelor's or associate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00422-00102852-00103022 degree and meet the academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00423-00103023-00103234 requirements for professional licensure
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00424-00103235-00103519 in the discipline the definition does
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00425-00103520-00103739 not include a dissertation or study
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00426-00103740-00103997 beyond master's level in contrast to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00427-00103998-00104244 definition for research doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00428-00104245-00104509 doctor's degree research scholarship
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00429-00104510-00104761 although individual programs may have
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00430-00104763-00105010 different requirements there is also a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00431-00105011-00105344 category of doctor's degree other four
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00432-00105345-00105533 doctorates that do not fall into either
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00433-00105533-00105920 the professional practice or research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00434-00105921-00106229 scholarship categories all of these are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00435-00106230-00106490 considered doctoral degrees in contrast
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00436-00106491-00106718 to the u.s. many countries reserve the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00437-00106719-00107083 term doctorate for research degrees and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00438-00107084-00107266 if as in Canada and Australia
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00439-00107267-00107535 professional degrees bear the name
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00440-00107536-00107761 doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00441-00107763-00108023 etc it has made clear that these are not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00442-00108024-00108293 doctorates examples of this include
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00443-00108294-00108563 doctor of pharmacy farm Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00444-00108564-00108950 Medicine MD Doctor of Dental Surgery DDS
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00445-00108951-00109391 and juris doctor JD for example doctor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00446-00109392-00109718 of business administration DBA Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00447-00109719-00109808 Education
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00448-00109808-00110093 IDI and Doctor of social science DSS
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00449-00110094-00110375 qualify as full academic doctorates in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00450-00110376-00110584 Canada though they normally incorporate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00451-00110585-00110807 aspects of professional practice in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00452-00110808-00111029 addition to a full dissertation in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00453-00111030-00111278 UK and Ireland all doctorates are third
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00454-00111279-00111508 cycle qualifications in the Bologna
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00455-00111509-00111746 process comparable to us research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00456-00111747-00112031 doctorates although all doctorates are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00457-00112032-00112280 research degrees professional doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00458-00112281-00112499 normally include taught components while
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00459-00112500-00112871 the name PhD DPH il is normally used for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00460-00112872-00113222 doctorates purely by thesis professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00461-00113223-00113453 and practice based doctorates such as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00462-00113454-00113981 the ed d cleanse I MD D HSC DBA and Eng
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00463-00113982-00114242 Dr full doctorates at the same level as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00464-00114243-00114467 the PhD in the National qualifications
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00465-00114468-00114680 framework they are not first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00466-00114681-00115040 professional degrees but are often post
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00467-00115041-00115373 experience qualifications in 2009 there
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00468-00115374-00115633 were 308 professional doctorate programs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00469-00115634-00115979 in the UK up from 109 in 1998 with the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00470-00115980-00116165 most popular being the at 38
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00471-00116166-00116339 institutions DBA
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00472-00116340-00116927 33 engd dane 22 md d m 21 and d clinseq
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00473-00116928-00117290 d clinseq cleanse ID 17 similarly in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00474-00117291-00117508 Australia the term professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00475-00117509-00117752 doctorate is sometimes applied to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00476-00117753-00118043 Sian Chi a jury to see doctor s JD which
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00477-00118044-00118256 like the UK professional doctorates is a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00478-00118257-00118622 research degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00479-00118623-00119113 topic honorary
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00480-00119114-00119353 when a university wishes to formally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00481-00119354-00119572 recognize an individual's contributions
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00482-00119573-00119746 to a particular field or philanthropic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00483-00119747-00119941 efforts it may choose to grant a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00484-00119942-00120229 doctoral degree honoris causa ie for the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00485-00120230-00120483 sake of the honour waiving the usual
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00486-00120484-00120652 requirements for granting the degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00487-00120653-00120909 some universities do not award honorary
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00488-00120910-00121177 degrees for example Cornell University
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00489-00121178-00121366 the University of Virginia the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00490-00121367-00121570 California Institute of Technology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00491-00121571-00121720 Rice University and Massachusetts
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00492-00121721-00122222 Institute of Technology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00493-00122223-00122799 topic national variations
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00494-00122800-00123289 topic Argentina
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00495-00123290-00123569 in Argentina the doctor at dr. Otto is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00496-00123570-00123818 the highest academic degree the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00497-00123819-00124009 intention is that candidates produce
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00498-00124010-00124201 original contributions in their field
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00499-00124202-00124387 knowledge within a frame of academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00500-00124388-00124678 excellence a dissertation or thesis is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00501-00124679-00124849 prepared under the supervision of a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00502-00124850-00125113 tutor or director it is reviewed by a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00503-00125114-00125270 doctoral committee composed of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00504-00125271-00125483 examiner's external to the program and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00505-00125483-00125671 at least one examiner external to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00506-00125672-00125894 institution the degree is conferred
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00507-00125895-00126138 after a successful dissertation defense
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00508-00126139-00126445 currently there are approximately 2,000
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00509-00126446-00126746 151 postgraduate careers in the country
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00510-00126747-00126946 of which 14 percent were doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00511-00126947-00127258 degrees doctoral programs in Argentina
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00512-00127259-00127447 are overseen by the national commission
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00513-00127448-00127643 for university evaluation and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00514-00127644-00127883 accreditation an agency in Argentina's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00515-00127883-00128089 Ministry of Education Science and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00516-00128090-00128433 Technology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00517-00128434-00128914 topic Brazil
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00518-00128915-00129127 doctoral candidates are normally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00519-00129128-00129325 required to have a master's degree in a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00520-00129326-00129604 related field exceptions are based on
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00521-00129605-00129865 their individual academic merit a second
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00522-00129866-00130027 and a third foreign language are other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00523-00130028-00130189 common requirements although the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00524-00130190-00130366 requirements regarding proficiency
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00525-00130367-00130633 commonly are not strict the admissions
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00526-00130634-00130885 process varies by institution some
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00527-00130886-00131086 require candidates to take tests while
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00528-00131087-00131263 others base admissions on a research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00529-00131264-00131483 proposal application and interview only
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00530-00131484-00131788 in both instances however a faculty
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00531-00131789-00131986 member must agree prior to admission to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00532-00131987-00132281 supervise the applicant requirements
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00533-00132282-00132472 usually include satisfactory performance
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00534-00132473-00132743 in advanced graduate courses passing an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00535-00132744-00132956 oral qualifying exam and submitting a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00536-00132957-00133159 thesis that must represent an original
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00537-00133160-00133363 and relevant contribution to existing
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00538-00133364-00133621 knowledge the thesis is examined in a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00539-00133622-00133856 final public oral exam administered by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00540-00133857-00134062 at least five faculty members two of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00541-00134063-00134326 whom must be external after completion
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00542-00134327-00134566 which normally consumes four years the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00543-00134567-00134740 candidate has commonly awarded the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00544-00134741-00134929 degree of Deuter dr. followed by the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00545-00134930-00135293 main area of specialization eg Deuter M
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00546-00135294-00135583 Dorado Doctor of Laws Deuter M CNCs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00547-00135584-00135850 computer sau doctor of Computer Sciences
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00548-00135851-00136051 Deuter M philosophia Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00549-00136052-00136327 Philosophy Deuter M economía doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00550-00136328-00136588 economics Deuter M angin haria doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00551-00136589-00136832 engineering or Deuter M medicina doctor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00552-00136833-00137108 of medicine the generic title of Deuter
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00553-00137109-00137335 M Ciencias doctor of Sciences is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00554-00137336-00137539 normally used to refer collectively to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00555-00137540-00137740 doctorates in the natural sciences ie
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00556-00137741-00138025 physics chemistry biological and life
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00557-00138026-00138400 sciences etc all graduate programs in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00558-00138401-00138571 Brazilian public universities are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00559-00138572-00138808 tuition free mandated by the Brazilian
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00560-00138809-00139094 Constitution some graduate students are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00561-00139095-00139307 additionally supported by institutional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00562-00139308-00139481 scholarships granted by federal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00563-00139482-00139721 government agencies like C and P q
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00564-00139722-00139971 conselho nacional de desenvolvimento
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00565-00139972-00140219 scientifically tecnológico and capes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00566-00140220-00140452 coordina code to a profile comment' o dó
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00567-00140453-00140756 pestle de ensino superior personal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00568-00140757-00140959 scholarships are provided by the various
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00569-00140960-00141206 FA peace fund echoes de Amparo a pay
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00570-00141207-00141388 squeeza at the state level especially
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00571-00141389-00141760 FAPE SP in the state of são Paulo FAPE
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00572-00141761-00142024 RJ in the state of Rio de Janeiro and
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00575-00142538-00142726 financial aid as intense and most
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00577-00142901-00143113 of master's studies and four years of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00578-00143114-00143371 doctoral studies the normal monthly
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00579-00143372-00143584 stipend for doctoral students in Brazil
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00580-00143585-00143869 is between 500 and 1,000 United States
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00581-00143870-00144181 dollars a degree of Deuter usually
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00582-00144182-00144373 enables an individual to apply for a
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00596-00147176-00147409 University's associate professor ships
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00605-00149090-00149328 universities and a written exam in
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00612-00150897-00151378 topic Denmark
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00613-00151379-00151643 Denmark offers four levels of degrees
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00619-00152808-00153079 PhD degree which replaced the licentiate
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00626-00154494-00154711 PhD degree the candidate writes a thesis
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00629-00155196-00155389 candidate defends their thesis against
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00631-00155549-00155732 opponents from the auditorium X
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00632-00155733-00156037 auditorium for the higher doctorate the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00633-00156038-00156247 candidate writes a major thesis and has
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00635-00156410-00156610 candidate called pre sees defends this
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00638-00157025-00157447 auditorium
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00639-00157448-00157852 soppec Egypt
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00640-00157853-00158116 in Egypt the highest-degree doctorate is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00641-00158117-00158518 awarded by al-azhar university asked 970
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00642-00158519-00158680 which grants alam adalah mia
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00643-00158681-00158971 habilitation the medical doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00644-00158972-00159226 abbreviated as md is equivalent to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00645-00159227-00159568 PhD degree to earn an MD and a science
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00647-00159749-00160039 degree MSC or two diplomas before the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00648-00160040-00160279 introduction of MSC degree in Egypt
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00652-00161030-00161380 to five years many postgraduate medical
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00655-00161813-00161995 medical school and one-year internship
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00656-00161996-00162190 house officer Physicians and Surgeons
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00657-00162191-00162466 are in the MB BCH degree which is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00658-00162467-00162742 equivalent to a u.s. MD degree they can
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00663-00163766-00164098 for example MD geriatrics means a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00664-00164099-00164281 doctorate in geriatrics which is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00665-00164282-00164864 equivalent to a PhD in geriatrics
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00666-00164865-00165339 topic Finland
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00667-00165340-00165561 the Finnish requirement for the entrance
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00668-00165562-00165753 into doctoral studies as a master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00669-00165754-00166041 degree or equivalent all universities
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00670-00166042-00166263 have the right to award doctorates the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00671-00166264-00166506 AMA D Corky Gullu Institute's Institutes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00672-00166507-00166716 of higher vocational education that are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00673-00166717-00166931 not universities but often called
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00674-00166932-00167190 universities of Applied Sciences in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00675-00167191-00167457 English do not award doctoral or other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00676-00167458-00167705 academic degrees the student must
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00685-00169549-00169740 knowledge of neighboring research fields
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00686-00169741-00169869 that they are able to follow the
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00724-00178273-00178485 science required coursework varies
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00725-00178486-00178776 between 40 and 70 ECT
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00726-00178777-00179040 the duration of graduate studies varies
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00757-00185530-00185743 notice board for at least ten days prior
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00800-00194837-00195003 and further experience
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00804-00195614-00196074 and expertise considered equivalent
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00805-00196075-00196548 topic France
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00806-00196549-00196854 his story before 1984 three research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00807-00196855-00197076 doctorates existed in France the state
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00808-00197077-00197376 doctorate Doctorate d'etat Dre the old
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00809-00197377-00197634 doctorate introduced in 1808 the third
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00814-00198619-00198831 the Diploma of doctor engineer diploma
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00815-00198832-00199134 de doctor engineer created in 1923 for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00816-00199135-00199419 technical research during the first half
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00817-00199420-00199620 of the 20th century following the
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00819-00199855-00200100 these principale and secondary thesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00820-00200101-00200298 these complement ere to the Faculty of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00821-00200299-00200631 Letters in France letters is equivalent
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00822-00200632-00200954 to humanities at the University of Paris
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00823-00200955-00201171 the doctoral candidate was awarded the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00824-00201172-00201432 doctorate s lettre there was also the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00825-00201433-00201690 less prestigious university doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00826-00201691-00201929 doctorate du niversity which could be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00827-00201930-00202107 received for the submission of a single
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00828-00202108-00202470 thesis in the 1950s the doctorate s
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00829-00202471-00202668 lettre was renamed to doctorate d'etat
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00830-00202669-00203118 in 1954 for the sciences and 1958 for
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-00832-00203311-00203535 demanding doctorate de Troyes MA cycle
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00833-00203536-00203718 degree was created on the model of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00834-00203719-00203979 American PhD with the purpose to lessen
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00835-00203980-00204144 what had become an increasingly long
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00836-00204145-00204339 period of time between the typical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00837-00204340-00204507 students completion of their diplôme
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00838-00204508-00204615 d'études Super's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00839-00204616-00204809 roughly equivalent to a Master of Arts
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00840-00204810-00205080 and their doctorate d'etat after 1984
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00841-00205081-00205269 only one type of doctoral degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00842-00205269-00205538 remained the doctorate doctorate a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00843-00205539-00205796 special diploma was created called the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00844-00205796-00206062 accreditation to supervise research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00845-00206063-00206355 habilitation of D Roger de recherche a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00846-00206356-00206573 professional qualification to supervise
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00847-00206575-00206805 doctoral work this diploma is similar in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00848-00206806-00207003 spirit to the older State doctorate and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00849-00207004-00207173 the requirements for obtaining it are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00850-00207175-00207351 similar to those necessary to obtain
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00851-00207352-00207548 tenure in other systems before only
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00852-00207550-00207764 professors are senior full researchers
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00853-00207765-00207962 of similar rank were normally authorized
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00854-00207963-00208179 to supervise a doctoral candidates work
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00855-00208180-00208487 now habilitation is a prerequisite to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00856-00208488-00208648 the title of professor in university
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00857-00208650-00208896 professor day universities into the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00858-00208896-00209106 title of research director director de
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00859-00209107-00209325 recherche in national public research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00860-00209326-00209792 agencies such as CNRS andrea or in iran
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00861-00209794-00210021 admission today the doctorate doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00862-00210021-00210279 is a research-only degree it is a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00863-00210280-00210489 national degree and its requirements are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00864-00210490-00210621 fixed by the Minister of Higher
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00865-00210621-00210915 Education and research only public
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00866-00210916-00211155 institutions award the doctorate it can
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00867-00211156-00211380 be awarded in any field of study the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00868-00211381-00211610 master's degree is a prerequisite the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00869-00211611-00211896 normal duration is 3 years the redaction
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00870-00211896-00212103 of a comprehensive thesis constitutes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00871-00212104-00212355 the bulk of the doctoral work while the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00872-00212356-00212534 length of the thesis varies according to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00873-00212535-00212723 the discipline it is rarely less than
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00874-00212725-00213019 150 pages and often substantially more
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00875-00213021-00213348 some 15,000 new doctoral matriculation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00876-00213348-00213537 --zz occur every year and approximately
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00877-00213538-00213765 10,000 doctorates are awarded doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00878-00213766-00213959 candidates can apply for a three-year
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00879-00213960-00214208 fellowship the most well known as the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00880-00214209-00214467 contrat doctoral 4000 granted every year
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00881-00214467-00214752 with a gross salary of 1758 euros per
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00882-00214753-00215156 months as of September 2016 since 2002
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00883-00215157-00215360 candidates follow in-service training
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00884-00215361-00215546 but there is no written examination for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00885-00215548-00215792 the doctorate the candidate has to write
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00886-00215794-00215991 a thesis that is read by two external
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00887-00215992-00216230 reviewers the head of the institution
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00888-00216231-00216450 decides whether the candidate can defend
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00889-00216451-00216605 the thesis after considering the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00890-00216606-00216891 external reviews the jury members are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00891-00216892-00217023 designated by the head of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00892-00217023-00217266 institution the candidates supervisor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00893-00217267-00217473 and the external reviewers are generally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00894-00217473-00217730 jury members the maximum number of jury
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00895-00217731-00218013 members is 8 the defence generally lasts
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00896-00218014-00218285 45 minutes in scientific fields followed
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00897-00218286-00218454 by one to two and a half hours of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00898-00218455-00218676 questions from the jury or other doctors
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00899-00218677-00218940 present the defense and questions are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00900-00218941-00219171 public the jury then deliberates in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00901-00219171-00219359 private and then declares the candidate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00902-00219360-00219698 admitted or postponed the latter is rare
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00903-00219700-00220002 new regulations were set in 2016 and do
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00904-00220003-00220296 not award distinctions the title of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00905-00220296-00220508 doctor doctor can also be used by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00906-00220509-00220725 medical and pharmaceutical practitioners
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00907-00220726-00220941 who hold a doctor state diploma to plumb
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00908-00220942-00221244 dated a doctor the Diploma is a first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00909-00221244-00221565 degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00910-00221566-00222044 topic Germany
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00911-00222046-00222267 doctorate degrees in Germany our
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00912-00222267-00222456 research doctorates and are awarded via
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00913-00222457-00222785 a process called promotion promotion the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00914-00222786-00222954 concept of aus style professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00915-00222955-00223203 doctorate as an entry-level professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00916-00223204-00223389 qualification does not exist
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00917-00223390-00223700 however in medicine doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00918-00223701-00223866 dissertations are often written
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00919-00223867-00224103 alongside undergraduate study the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00920-00224104-00224321 European Research Council decided in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00921-00224323-00224577 2010 that those dr. met doctorates do
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00922-00224578-00224763 not meet the international standards of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00923-00224764-00225075 a PhD research degree the duration of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00924-00225076-00225255 the doctorate depends on the field a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00925-00225256-00225434 doctorate in medicine may take less than
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00926-00225435-00225606 a full-time year to complete other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00927-00225607-00225917 fields take two to six most doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00928-00225919-00226089 are awarded with specific Latin
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00929-00226090-00226275 designations for the field of research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00930-00226276-00226448 except for engineering where the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00931-00226450-00226644 designation is German instead of a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00932-00226644-00226950 general degree for all fields eg the PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00933-00226951-00227364 the most important degrees are dr. R er
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00934-00227365-00227691 NAT rerum Natura Liam natural and formal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00935-00227692-00227944 Sciences ie physics chemistry biology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00936-00227946-00228225 mathematics computer science and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00937-00228226-00228596 information technology or psychology dr.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00938-00228598-00228842 Phil philosophy a humanities such as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00939-00228844-00229125 philosophy full ology history and social
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00940-00229126-00229332 sciences such as sociology political
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00941-00229333-00229592 science or psychology as well
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00942-00229592-00230190 dr. AI URI URIs law dr. o e c.o economic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00943-00230191-00230477 economics dr r ER
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00944-00230478-00230781 pol rerum politic Arum economics
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00945-00230782-00230984 Business Administration political
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00946-00230985-00231457 science dr. Thiele theologia theology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00947-00231458-00231906 dr. med medicinal medicine doctor med
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00948-00231907-00232027 dent
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00949-00232028-00232398 needn't area dentistry dr. med that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00950-00232400-00232609 Madison Yvette Ranieri I veterinary
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00951-00232610-00232969 medicine dr. Inge engineering over 50
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00952-00232969-00233182 such designations are available many of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00953-00233183-00233437 them rare are no longer in use for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00954-00233438-00233619 addressing the degree is commonly
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00955-00233621-00233752 written in front of the name in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00956-00233753-00234198 abbreviated form eg dr. r ER nat max
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00957-00234200-00234406 muster minore dr. max muster minh
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00958-00234407-00234573 dropping the designation entirely
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00959-00234573-00234826 however leaving out the designation is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00960-00234827-00235003 only allowed when the doctorate degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00961-00235004-00235204 is not an honorary doctorate which has
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00962-00235205-00235465 to be indicated by dr. HC from latin
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00963-00235466-00235555 honoris causa
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00964-00235556-00235801 although the honorific does not become
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00965-00235802-00235987 part of the name holders can demand that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00966-00235988-00236181 the title appear in official documents
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00967-00236182-00236539 the title is not mandatory the honorific
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00968-00236540-00236791 is commonly used in formal letters for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00969-00236792-00237001 holders of other titles only the highest
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00970-00237002-00237277 title is mentioned multiple holders of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00971-00237278-00237451 Doctorate degrees can be addressed as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00972-00237452-00237757 dress from Latin doctores professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00973-00237758-00237942 doctorates obtained in other countries
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00974-00237944-00238150 not requiring a thesis or not being
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00975-00238151-00238348 third cycle qualifications under the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00976-00238348-00238558 Bologna process can only be used poss
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00977-00238559-00238996 nominally eg max muster Minh MD and do
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00978-00238996-00239200 not allow the use of the title doctor in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00979-00239201-00239380 the German university system it is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00980-00239381-00239587 common to write two doctoral theses the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00981-00239588-00239823 inaugural thesis inaugural dissertation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00982-00239825-00240001 completing a course of study and the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00983-00240002-00240253 habilitation thesis habilitation shrift
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00984-00240254-00240453 which opens the road to a professorship
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00985-00240454-00240696 upon completion of the habilitation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00986-00240698-00240942 thesis a habilitation is awarded which
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00987-00240944-00241123 is indicated by a pending Hamel
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00988-00241123-00241321 habilitat a habilitative to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00989-00241321-00241738 doctorate eg dr. R er NAT pebble max
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00990-00241739-00241939 must Ehrman it is considered as an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00991-00241940-00242167 additional academic qualification rather
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00992-00242167-00242421 than an academic degree formally it
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00993-00242423-00242629 qualifies the owner to teach at German
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00994-00242630-00242908 universities faculties docent II the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00995-00242909-00243117 holder of a habilitation receives the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00996-00243119-00243304 authorization to teach a certain subject
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00997-00243305-00243567 venía legend II this has been the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00998-00243569-00243763 traditional prerequisite for attaining
+cGorhx0CA9Q-00999-00243764-00243982 privat-dozent PD and employment as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01000-00243983-00244240 full university professor with the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01001-00244241-00244423 introduction of junior professor in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01002-00244423-00244765 around 2005 as an alternative track
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01003-00244766-00244930 towards becoming a professor at
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01004-00244931-00245169 universities with tenure habilitation is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01005-00245171-00245365 no longer the only University career
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01006-00245366-00245675 tract
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01007-00245676-00246144 topic India
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01008-00246146-00246369 in India doctorates are offered by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01009-00246371-00246637 universities entry requirements include
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01010-00246638-00246871 master's degree some universities
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01011-00246871-00247044 consider undergraduate degrees in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01012-00247046-00247240 professional areas such as engineering
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01013-00247241-00247519 medicine or law as qualifications for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01014-00247519-00247704 pursuing doctorate level degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01015-00247705-00247935 entrance examinations are held for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01016-00247936-00248227 almost all programs in most North Indian
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01017-00248228-00248433 universities coursework duration and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01018-00248434-00248646 thesis is six to seven years and in most
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01019-00248648-00248869 South Indian universities as five years
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01020-00248869-00249486 the most common doctoral degree is PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01021-00249487-00249955 topic Italy
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01022-00249956-00250228 Italy uses a three-level degree system
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01023-00250229-00250521 the first level degree called a Lauria
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01024-00250522-00250790 bachelor's degree requires three years
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01025-00250791-00251015 in a short thesis the second level
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01026-00251016-00251248 degree called a Lauria magistral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01027-00251249-00251516 master's degree is obtained after two
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01028-00251517-00251710 additional years specializing in a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01029-00251711-00251974 branch of the field this degree requires
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01030-00251975-00252184 more advanced thesis work usually
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01031-00252185-00252370 involving academic research or an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01032-00252371-00252634 internship the final degree is called a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01033-00252635-00252992 dodger Otto di ricerca PhD and is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01034-00252992-00253159 obtained after three years of academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01035-00253160-00253462 research on the subject in a thesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01036-00253463-00253715 alternatively after obtaining the Lauria
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01037-00253716-00253882 or the laurea Magistrale one can
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01038-00253883-00254203 complete a master's first level master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01039-00254204-00254417 after the Lauria second level masters
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01040-00254417-00254644 after the Lauria magistral of one or two
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01041-00254645-00254892 years usually including an internship an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01042-00254894-00255247 Italian masters is not the same as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01043-00255248-00255445 master's degree it is intended to be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01044-00255446-00255631 more focused on professional training
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01045-00255632-00255934 and practical experience regardless of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01046-00255935-00256115 the field of study the title for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01047-00256116-00256321 bachelors graduate students as de torre
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01048-00256322-00256399 da deressa
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01049-00256400-00256804 a brief dot slash saw or as dr. not to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01050-00256805-00257026 be confused with the title for the PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01051-00257027-00257254 which is instead Tottori dottoressa d
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01052-00257255-00257540 ricerca a laurea Magistrale grants
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01053-00257541-00257743 instead the title of de torre da deressa
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01054-00257744-00258017 magistral graduates in the fields of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01055-00258017-00258256 education art and music are also called
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01056-00258257-00258499 dr. professor or simply professor or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01057-00258500-00258826 maestro many professional titles such as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01058-00258827-00259045 engineering engineer are awarded only
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01059-00259046-00259243 upon passing a post graduation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01060-00259244-00259444 examination Smad stato
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01061-00259445-00259600 and registration in the relevant
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01062-00259601-00259894 professional association the first
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01063-00259895-00260074 institution in Italy to create a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01064-00260075-00260320 doctoral program PhD with school and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01065-00260321-00260659 normale superiore di Pisa in 1927 under
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01066-00260660-00260947 the historic name diploma D perfet zeona
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01067-00260948-00261235 Mendte further the research doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01068-00261236-00261556 are PhD Italian dr. Otto di ricerca in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01069-00261557-00261721 Italy were introduced with the line
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01070-00261722-00261992 presidential decree in 1980 law of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01071-00261992-00262381 February 21st 1988 and the presidential
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01072-00262382-00262715 decree number 382 of the 11th of July
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01073-00262716-00262993 1980 referring to the reform of academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01074-00262994-00263224 teaching training and experimentation in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01075-00263225-00263276 organized
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01076-00263277-00263510 and teaching methods hence the superior
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01077-00263511-00263756 graduate schools in Italy grandes écoles
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01078-00263757-00264056 italian school a superior universitaria
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01079-00264057-00264203 also called Schools of Excellence
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01080-00264204-00264539 Italian school a DXL Enza such as school
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01081-00264540-00264734 and normale superiore di Pisa and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01082-00264735-00264956 Santana School of Advanced Studies keep
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01083-00264957-00265190 their historical diploma deeper fed
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01084-00265191-00265556 Ziona Mendte PhD title by line mi you
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01085-00265557-00265973 are decree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01086-00265974-00266383 topic Japan
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01087-00266384-00266892 topic dissertation only
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01088-00266893-00267219 until the 1990s most natural science and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01089-00267220-00267404 engineering doctorates in Japan were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01090-00267405-00267584 earned by industrial researchers in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01091-00267585-00267852 Japanese companies these degrees were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01092-00267853-00268023 awarded by the employees former
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01093-00268024-00268218 university usually after years of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01094-00268219-00268508 research in industrial laboratories the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01095-00268509-00268692 only requirement is submission of a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01096-00268693-00268866 dissertation along with articles
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01097-00268867-00269112 published in well-known journals this
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01098-00269113-00269357 program is called run ban haka say lune
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01099-00269358-00269555 when bo it produced the majority of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01100-00269556-00269732 engineering doctoral degrees from
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01101-00269733-00269994 national universities university based
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01102-00269995-00270249 doctoral programs called katha haka se
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01103-00270250-00270498 que Shan boshi are gradually replacing
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01104-00270499-00270852 these degrees by 1994 more doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01105-00270853-00271017 engineering degrees were earned for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01106-00271018-00271229 research within university laboratories
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01107-00271230-00271433 fifty-three percent than Industrial
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01108-00271434-00271764 Research laboratory's 47 percent since
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01109-00271765-00271875 1978
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01110-00271876-00272084 Japan's Society for the promotion of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01111-00272085-00272384 science jsps has provided tutorial and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01112-00272385-00272558 financial support for promising
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01113-00272559-00272810 researchers in Asia and Africa the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01114-00272811-00273402 program is called jsps ro & p aku
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01115-00273403-00273911 Topic professional degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01116-00273912-00274172 the only professional doctorate in Japan
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01117-00274173-00274376 as the juris doctor known as homo
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01118-00274377-00274634 hakushi Fong boshi the program generally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01119-00274635-00274961 lasts two or three years this curriculum
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01120-00274962-00275186 is professionally oriented but unlike in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01121-00275187-00275366 the US the program does not provide
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01122-00275367-00275579 education sufficient for a law license
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01123-00275580-00275867 all candidates for a bar license must
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01124-00275868-00275984 pass the bar exam
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01125-00275985-00276182 shiho's she can attend the legal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01126-00276183-00276365 training and research institute and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01127-00276366-00276509 passed the practical exam
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01128-00276510-00276710 nakai she can or she who is Shu Shu say
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01129-00276711-00277084 Khushi
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01130-00277085-00277585 topic Netherlands and Flanders
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01131-00277586-00277834 the traditional academic system of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01132-00277835-00278005 Netherlands provided basic academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01133-00278006-00278243 diploma prope Dusen three academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01134-00278244-00278473 degrees candidate the lowest degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01135-00278474-00278741 depending on gender doctorandus or dr.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01136-00278742-00278987 anda DRS with equivalent degrees in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01137-00278988-00279256 engineering IR and law mister and dr.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01138-00279257-00279572 dr. after successful completion of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01139-00279573-00279788 first year of university the student was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01140-00279789-00279985 awarded the propaedeutic diploma not a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01141-00279986-00280295 degree in some fields this diploma was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01142-00280296-00280609 abolished in the 1980s in physics and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01143-00280610-00280798 mathematics the student could directly
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01144-00280799-00281018 obtain a candidate's candidate diploma
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01145-00281019-00281318 in two years the candidate diploma was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01146-00281319-00281632 all but abolished by 1989 it used to be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01147-00281633-00281782 attained after completion of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01148-00281783-00281983 majority of courses of the academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01149-00281984-00282215 study usually after completion of course
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01150-00282216-00282379 requirements of the third year in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01151-00282380-00282559 program after which the student was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01152-00282560-00282689 allowed to begin work on their
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01153-00282690-00282955 doctorandus thesis the successful
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01154-00282956-00283150 completion of this thesis conveyed the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01155-00283151-00283360 doctor and as title implying that the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01156-00283361-00283534 students initial studies were finished
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01157-00283535-00283793 in addition to these general degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01158-00283794-00284029 specific titles equivalent to the doctor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01159-00284030-00284197 and his degree were awarded for law
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01160-00284198-00284260 Meester
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01161-00284261-00284502 master mister and for engineering
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01162-00284503-00284846 ingénieur engineer i are following the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01163-00284847-00285055 Bologna protocol the dutch adopted the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01164-00285056-00285297 anglo-saxon system of academic degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01165-00285298-00285598 the old candidates degree was revived to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01166-00285599-00285754 become the bachelor's degree in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01167-00285755-00285979 doctorandus mr and i our degree were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01168-00285980-00286244 replaced by master's degrees Dutch
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01169-00286245-00286450 University programs tend to include
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01170-00286451-00286675 advanced subject matter that eg at
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01171-00286676-00286916 Harvard is taught in PhD courses for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01172-00286917-00287117 instance advanced quantum mechanics or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01173-00287118-00287326 general relativity in a Dutch course for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01174-00287327-00287455 the master's degree in theoretical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01175-00287456-00287795 physics students can only enroll in a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01176-00287796-00287972 doctorate system after completing a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01177-00287973-00288160 research university level master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01178-00288161-00288355 degree although dispensation can be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01179-00288356-00288556 granted on a case-by-case basis after
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01180-00288557-00288767 scrutiny of the individuals portfolio
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01181-00288768-00289054 the most common way to conduct doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01182-00289055-00289220 studies as to work as promove and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01183-00289221-00289445 assistant in Opa Lighting IO unders
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01184-00289446-00289637 ocher and OPA lighting oil research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01185-00289638-00289828 assistant with additional courses and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01186-00289829-00290047 supervision perform extensive research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01187-00290048-00290246 and write a dissertation consisting of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01188-00290247-00290471 published articles over a period of four
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01189-00290472-00290698 or more years averaging about five point
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01190-00290699-00290975 five to six research can also be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01191-00290976-00291134 conducted without official research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01192-00291135-00291329 assistant status for example through a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01193-00291330-00291571 business sponsored research laboratory
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01194-00291572-00291899 every PhD thesis has to be promoted by a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01195-00291900-00292109 full university professor who has the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01196-00292110-00292382 role of principal adviser the promoter
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01197-00292383-00292598 professor determines whether the thesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01198-00292599-00292805 quality suffices and can be submitted to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01199-00292806-00293066 the committee of experts a committee of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01200-00293067-00293261 experts in the field review the thesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01201-00293262-00293483 failures at this stage are rare because
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01202-00293484-00293753 supervisors withhold inadequate work the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01203-00293754-00293948 supervisors and promoter lose prestige
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01204-00293949-00294119 among their colleagues should they allow
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01205-00294120-00294325 a substandard thesis to be submitted
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01206-00294326-00294614 after reviewer approval the candidate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01207-00294615-00294818 publishes the thesis generally more than
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01208-00294819-00295064 100 copies and sends it to colleagues
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01209-00295065-00295277 friends and family with an invitation to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01210-00295278-00295559 the public defense the degree is awarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01211-00295560-00295766 in a formal public defense session in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01212-00295767-00295952 which the thesis is defended against
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01213-00295953-00296146 critical questions of that opposition
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01214-00296147-00296441 the review committee failure during this
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01215-00296442-00296696 session is possible but rare before the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01216-00296697-00296894 defence there may or may not be a public
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01217-00296895-00297122 presentation lasting 10 minutes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01218-00297123-00297389 eg Eindhoven University - exactly half
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01219-00297390-00297428 hour
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01220-00297429-00297755 eg Delft University the actual defence
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01221-00297756-00298043 lasts exactly the assigned timeslot 45
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01222-00298044-00298268 minutes to 1 hour exactly depending on
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01223-00298269-00298457 the University after which the defence
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01224-00298458-00298646 is stopped by the bedell who closes the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01225-00298647-00298973 process the doctors title is the highest
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01226-00298974-00299162 academic degree in the Netherlands in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01227-00299163-00299411 research doctorates the degree is always
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01228-00299412-00299591 PhD with no distinction between
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01229-00299592-00299918 disciplines 3 Dutch universities of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01230-00299919-00300119 Technology Eindhoven University of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01231-00300120-00300320 Technology Delft University of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01232-00300321-00300599 Technology and University of Twente also
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01233-00300600-00300773 award a lower ranked professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01234-00300774-00301085 doctorate in engineering P dang although
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01235-00301086-00301274 the title doctor is informally called
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01236-00301275-00301667 PhD legally no PhD degree exists all
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01237-00301668-00302099 other university titles BSC B ba LLB
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01238-00302100-00302711 ba MSC MBA LLM MA are protected by law
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01239-00302712-00303020 while PhD is not any person thus can
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01240-00303021-00303269 adopt the PhD title but not the doctor
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01241-00303270-00303515 title which is protected those who
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01242-00303516-00303683 obtained a degree in a foreign country
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01243-00303684-00304112 can only use the Dutch title DRS mr ir
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01244-00304113-00304364 or dr. if approved by the deans to ID
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01245-00304365-00304532 under wash though according to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01246-00304533-00304724 opportunity principle little effort
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01247-00304725-00305024 monitors such frauds Dutch doctors may
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01248-00305025-00305180 use the letter D behind their name
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01249-00305181-00305402 instead of the uncapitalized shortcut
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01250-00305403-00305576 doctor before their name those who have
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01251-00305577-00305798 multiple doctor doctor titles may use
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01252-00305799-00305954 the title dr dot mult
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01253-00305955-00306185 those who have received honoris causa
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01254-00306186-00306467 doctorates may use dr. HC before their
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01255-00306468-00306629 own name in Belgium's flemish community
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01256-00306630-00306866 the doctor and his title was only used
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01257-00306867-00307028 by those who actually started their
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01258-00307029-00307337 doctoral work dr. andis is still used as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01259-00307338-00307655 a synonym for a PhD student the license
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01260-00307656-00307880 shot licensee title was in use for a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01261-00307881-00308057 regular graduate until the Bologna
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01262-00308058-00308258 reform changed the license shot degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01263-00308259-00308435 to the master's degree the Bologna
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01264-00308436-00308636 reform abolished the two-year candidate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01265-00308637-00308813 degree and introduced a three-year
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01266-00308814-00309279 academic bachelor's degree instead
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01267-00309280-00309748 topic Russia
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01268-00309749-00309976 in the Russian Empire the academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01269-00309977-00310315 degree doctor of the sciences dr. Ngoc
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01270-00310316-00310537 marked the highest academic degree that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01271-00310538-00310729 can be achieved by an examination the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01272-00310730-00311032 doctor nog degree was introduced in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01273-00311033-00311380 Russia in 1819 abolished in 1917 and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01274-00311381-00311725 revived in the USSR in 1934 this system
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01275-00311726-00311962 was generally adopted by the USSR Russia
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01276-00311963-00312274 and many post-soviet countries a lower
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01277-00312275-00312606 degree candidate doctor of the sciences
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01278-00312607-00312760 candidate na kook
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01279-00312761-00313024 first introduced in the USSR on January
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01280-00313025-00313354 13th 1934 by a decision of the Council
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01281-00313355-00313588 of people's commissar of the USSR is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01282-00313589-00313783 roughly the Russian equivalent to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01283-00313784-00314299 research doctorate in other countries
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01284-00314300-00314709 topic Spain
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01285-00314710-00314965 doctoral degrees are regulated by royal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01286-00314966-00315531 decree Rd 778 1998 real decreto in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01287-00315532-00315750 Spanish they are granted by the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01288-00315751-00315984 University on behalf of the King it's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01289-00315985-00316179 diploma has the force of a public
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01290-00316180-00316438 document the Ministry of Science keeps a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01291-00316439-00316656 national registry of theses called de
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01292-00316657-00316983 SEO according to the National Institute
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01293-00316984-00317218 of Statistics I am he less than five
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01294-00317219-00317341 percent of MSC
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01295-00317342-00317535 degree holders are admitted to PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01296-00317536-00317877 programs all doctoral programs are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01297-00317878-00318105 research oriented a minimum of four
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01298-00318106-00318348 years of study is required divided into
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01299-00318349-00318697 two stages a two-year or longer period
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01300-00318698-00318871 of studies concludes with a public
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01301-00318872-00319059 dissertation presented to a panel of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01302-00319060-00319339 three professors upon approval from the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01303-00319340-00319540 University the candidate receives a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01304-00319541-00319897 diploma de estudios avanzada is part
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01305-00319898-00320215 qualified doctor equivalent to MSC from
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01306-00320216-00320470 2008 it is possible to substitute the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01307-00320471-00320692 former diploma by a recognised master
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01308-00320693-00321013 program a two-year or longer research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01309-00321014-00321238 period includes extensions for up to ten
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01310-00321239-00321510 years the student must present a thesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01311-00321511-00321723 describing a discovery or original
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01312-00321724-00322005 contribution if approved by their thesis
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01313-00322006-00322195 director the study is presented to a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01314-00322196-00322482 panel of five distinguished scholars any
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01315-00322483-00322701 doctor attending the public defense is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01316-00322702-00322870 allowed to challenge the candidate with
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01317-00322871-00323148 questions if approved the candidate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01318-00323149-00323379 receives the doctorate four marks used
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01319-00323380-00323647 to be granted unsatisfactory suspends ou
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01320-00323648-00323958 pass a privado remarkable notable
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01321-00323959-00324330 laude a sober salient a and summa
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01322-00324331-00324684 laude a sober salient a laude those
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01323-00324685-00324943 doctors granted their degree summa
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01324-00324944-00325208 laude were allowed to apply for an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01325-00325209-00325551 extraordinary award since September 2012
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01326-00325552-00325803 and regulated by royal decree our Dean
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01327-00325804-00326151 99 2011 in Spanish three marks can be
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01328-00326152-00326478 granted unsatisfactory no apto pass apto
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01329-00326479-00326890 and laude at tocome laude as maximum
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01330-00326891-00327145 mark in the public defense the doctor is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01331-00327146-00327357 notified if the thesis has passed or not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01332-00327358-00327667 passed the apto laude mark is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01333-00327668-00327868 awarded after the public defense is the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01334-00327869-00328083 result of a private anonymous vote
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01335-00328084-00328342 votes are verified by the university a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01336-00328343-00328533 unanimous vote of the reviewers
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01337-00328534-00328851 nominates doctors granted apto laude
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01338-00328852-00329212 for an extraordinary award premio
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01339-00329213-00329556 extraordinary oda doctorado in the same
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01340-00329557-00329778 royal decree the initial 3-year study
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01341-00329779-00329968 period was replaced by a research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01342-00329969-00330159 master's degree one or two years
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01343-00330160-00330360 professional master's degrees do not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01344-00330361-00330732 grant direct access to PhD programs that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01345-00330733-00330921 concludes with a public dissertation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01346-00330922-00331280 called trabajo defend a master or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01347-00331281-00331650 proyecto de fanda master an approved
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01348-00331651-00331837 project earns a master's degree that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01349-00331838-00332089 grants access to a ph.d program and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01350-00332090-00332333 initiates the period of research a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01351-00332334-00332580 doctorate is required in order to teach
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01352-00332581-00332829 at the university only PhD holders
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01353-00332830-00333027 Grandy's and dukes can sit and cover
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01354-00333028-00333190 their heads in the presence of the king
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01355-00333191-00333418 Complutense University was the only one
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01356-00333419-00333592 in Spain authorized to confer the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01357-00333593-00333820 doctorate this law remained in effect
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01358-00333821-00334101 until 1954 when the University of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01359-00334102-00334326 Salamanca joined in commemoration of its
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01360-00334327-00334674 septate centenary in 1970 the right was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01361-00334675-00334902 extended to all Spanish universities all
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01362-00334903-00335073 doctorate holders are reciprocally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01363-00335074-00335290 recognized as equivalent in germany and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01364-00335291-00335545 spain according to the bond agreement of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01365-00335546-00335973 November 14 1994
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01366-00335974-00336127 you
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01367-00336128-00336639 topic united kingdom
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01368-00336640-00337208 topic history of the UK doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01369-00337209-00337469 the doctorate has long existed in the UK
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01370-00337470-00337661 as originally the second degree in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01371-00337662-00337961 divinity law medicine and music but it
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01372-00337962-00338183 was not until the late 19th century that
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01373-00338184-00338363 the research doctorate now known as the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01374-00338364-00338606 higher doctorate was introduced the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01375-00338607-00338789 first higher doctorate was the Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01376-00338790-00339014 Science at Durham University introduced
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01377-00339015-00339353 in 1882 this was soon followed by other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01378-00339354-00339575 universities including the University of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01379-00339576-00339818 Cambridge establishing its SCD in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01380-00339819-00339998 same year the University of London
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01381-00339999-00340259 transforming its DSC from an advanced
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01382-00340260-00340448 study course to a research degree in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01383-00340449-00340687 1885 and the University of Oxford
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01384-00340688-00340919 establishing its Doctor of Letters deal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01385-00340920-00341369 it in 1900 the PhD was adopted in the UK
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01386-00341370-00341624 following a joint decision in 1917 by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01387-00341625-00341828 British universities although it took
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01388-00341829-00342049 much longer for it to become established
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01389-00342050-00342305 Oxford became the first University to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01390-00342306-00342512 Institute the new degree although naming
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01391-00342513-00342860 at the DPH il the PhD was often
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01392-00342861-00343010 distinguished from the earlier higher
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01393-00343011-00343229 doctorates by distinctive academic dress
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01394-00343230-00343553 at Cambridge for example PhDs where a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01395-00343554-00343757 master's gown with scarlet facings
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01396-00343758-00343943 rather than the full scarlet gown of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01397-00343944-00344123 higher doctors while the University of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01398-00344124-00344360 Wales gave phd's crimson gowns rather
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01399-00344361-00344624 than scarlet professional doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01400-00344625-00344846 were introduced in Britain in the 1980s
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01401-00344847-00345161 and 1990s the earliest professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01402-00345162-00345350 doctorates were in the social sciences
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01403-00345351-00345515 including the doctor of business
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01404-00345516-00345770 administration DBA Doctor of Education
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01405-00345771-00345995 ed and doctor of clinical psychology
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01406-00345996-00346388 deep cleanse I
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01407-00346389-00346920 topic British doctorates today
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01408-00346921-00347190 today except for those awarded honoris
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01409-00347191-00347409 causa all doctorates granted by British
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01410-00347410-00347619 universities our research doctorates in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01411-00347620-00347799 that their main and in many cases only
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01412-00347800-00347970 component is the submission of an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01413-00347971-00348180 extensive and substantial thesis or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01414-00348181-00348417 portfolio of original research examined
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01415-00348418-00348591 by an expert panel appointed by the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01416-00348592-00348915 University UK doctorates are categorised
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01417-00348916-00349338 as junior doctorates subject specialist
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01418-00349339-00349704 doctorates normally PhD DPH il the most
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01419-00349705-00350001 common form of doctorate integrated
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01420-00350002-00350232 subject specialist doctorates integrated
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01421-00350233-00350531 PhDs including teaching at masters level
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01422-00350532-00350826 doctorates by publication PhD by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01423-00350827-00350988 published works only awarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01424-00350989-00351282 infrequently professional and practice
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01425-00351283-00351537 based or practitioner doctorates eg ed
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01426-00351538-00351936 proof doc DP rof Eng D etc usually
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01427-00351937-00352116 include taught elements and have a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01428-00352117-00352260 professional rather than academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01429-00352261-00352812 orientation higher doctorates eg d d ll
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01430-00352813-00353130 d d SC d litt higher level than junior
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01431-00353131-00353331 doctorates usually awarded either for a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01432-00353332-00353517 substantial body of work over an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01433-00353518-00353739 extended period or as honorary degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01434-00353740-00353979 the Quality Assurance agency states in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01435-00353980-00354150 the framework for higher education
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01436-00354151-00354378 qualifications of UK degree awarding
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01437-00354379-00354582 bodies which covers junior doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01438-00354583-00354873 but not higher doctorates that doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01439-00354874-00355044 degrees are awarded to students who have
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01440-00355045-00355311 demonstrated the creation and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01441-00355312-00355494 interpretation of new knowledge through
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01442-00355495-00355683 original research or other advanced
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01443-00355684-00355932 scholarship of equality to satisfy peer
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01444-00355933-00356115 review extend the forefront of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01445-00356116-00356369 discipline and merit publication a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01446-00356370-00356631 systematic acquisition and understanding
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01447-00356632-00356829 of a substantial body of knowledge which
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01448-00356830-00356961 is at the forefront of an academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01449-00356962-00357144 discipline or area of professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01450-00357145-00357453 practice the general ability to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01451-00357454-00357669 conceptualize design and implement a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01452-00357670-00357843 project for the generation of new
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01453-00357844-00358071 knowledge applications or understanding
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01454-00358072-00358227 at the forefront of the discipline and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01455-00358228-00358416 to adjust the project design in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01456-00358417-00358728 light of unforeseen problems a detailed
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01457-00358729-00358920 understanding of applicable techniques
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01458-00358921-00359076 for research and advanced academic
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01459-00359077-00359445 inquiry in the UK the junior doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01460-00359446-00359682 as a qualification awarded at F heq
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01461-00359683-00359991 level 8 level 12 of the FQHC is on the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01462-00359992-00360226 National qualifications framework s'
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01463-00360227-00360457 the higher doctorates are stated to be a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01464-00360458-00360742 higher level of award which is not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01465-00360743-00361277 covered by the qualifications frameworks
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01466-00361278-00361777 topic subject specialist doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01467-00361778-00361999 these are the most common doctorates in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01468-00362000-00362244 the UK and are normally awarded as PhDs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01469-00362245-00362515 while the master apprentice model was
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01470-00362516-00362734 traditionally used for British PhDs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01471-00362735-00362977 since 2003 courses have become more
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01472-00362978-00363157 structured with students taking courses
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01473-00363158-00363349 in research skills and receiving
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01474-00363350-00363538 training for professional and personal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01475-00363539-00363607 development
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01476-00363608-00363856 however the assessment of the PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01477-00363857-00364072 remains based on the production of a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01478-00364073-00364300 thesis or equivalent in its defence at a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01479-00364301-00364573 viva voce oral examination normally held
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01480-00364574-00364777 in front of at least two examiner's one
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01481-00364778-00365113 internal in one external access to PhDs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01482-00365114-00365317 normally requires an upper second-class
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01483-00365318-00365557 or first-class bachelor's degree or a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01484-00365558-00365854 master's degree courses normally last
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01485-00365855-00366055 three years although it is common for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01486-00366056-00366238 students to be initially registered for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01487-00366239-00366400 MPhil degrees and then formally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01488-00366401-00366634 transferred onto the PhD after a year or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01489-00366635-00366895 two students who are not considered
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01490-00366896-00367141 likely to complete a PhD may be offered
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01491-00367142-00367327 the opportunity to complete an MPhil
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01492-00367328-00367576 instead integrated doctorates originally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01493-00367577-00367801 known as new route PhDs were introduced
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01494-00367802-00368083 from 2000 onwards these integrate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01495-00368084-00368260 teaching at masters level during the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01496-00368261-00368434 first one or two years of the degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01497-00368435-00368623 either alongside research or as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01498-00368624-00368893 preliminary to starting research these
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01499-00368894-00369112 courses usually offer a masters level
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01500-00369113-00369331 exit degree after the top causes are
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01501-00369332-00369553 completed while passing the taught
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01502-00369554-00369799 elements is often required examination
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01503-00369800-00369967 of the final doctorate is still by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01504-00369968-00370276 thesis or equivalent alone the duration
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01505-00370277-00370477 of integrated doctorates as a minimum of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01506-00370478-00370678 four years with three years spent on the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01507-00370679-00370924 research component in 2013 Research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01508-00370925-00371143 Council's UK issued a statement of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01509-00371144-00371338 expectations for postgraduate training
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01510-00371339-00371545 which lays out the expectations for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01511-00371546-00371755 training in PhDs funded by the research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01512-00371756-00372091 councils in the latest version 2016
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01513-00372092-00372292 issued together with Cancer Research UK
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01514-00372293-00372532 the Wellcome Trust and the British Heart
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01515-00372533-00372709 Foundation these include the provision
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01516-00372710-00372928 of careers advice in-depth advanced
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01517-00372929-00373144 training in the subject area provision
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01518-00373145-00373339 of transferable skills training and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01519-00373340-00373534 experimental design and statistics
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01520-00373535-00373738 training in good research conduct and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01521-00373739-00373909 training for compliance with legal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01522-00373910-00374191 ethical and professional frameworks the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01523-00374192-00374392 statement also encourages peer group
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01524-00374393-00374569 development through cohort training
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01525-00374570-00375027 and/or graduate schools
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01526-00375028-00375515 topic higher doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01527-00375516-00375716 higher doctorates are awarded in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01528-00375717-00375911 recognition of a substantial body of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01529-00375912-00376118 original research undertaken over the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01530-00376119-00376373 course of many years typically the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01531-00376374-00376544 candidate submits a collection of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01532-00376545-00376763 previously published peer refereed work
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01533-00376764-00376913 which is reviewed by a committee of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01534-00376914-00377126 internal and external academics who
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01535-00377127-00377294 decide whether the candidate deserves
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01536-00377295-00377537 the doctorate the higher doctorate is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01537-00377538-00377699 similar in some respects to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01538-00377700-00377911 habilitation in some European countries
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01539-00377912-00378179 however the purpose of the award is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01540-00378180-00378305 significantly different
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01541-00378306-00378488 while the habilitation formally
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01542-00378489-00378656 determines whether an academic is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01543-00378657-00378869 suitably qualified to be a university
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01544-00378870-00379067 professor the higher doctorate does not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01545-00379068-00379277 qualify the holder for a position but
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01546-00379278-00379487 rather recognises their contribution to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01547-00379488-00379679 research higher doctorates were defined
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01548-00379680-00379880 by the UK Council for graduate education
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01549-00379881-00380381 UK cge in 2013 is an award that is at a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01550-00380382-00380615 level above the PhD or equivalent
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01551-00380616-00380801 professional doctorate in the discipline
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01552-00380802-00380966 and that is typically gained not through
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01553-00380967-00381194 a defined program of study but rather by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01554-00381195-00381377 submission of a substantial body of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01555-00381378-00381686 research-based work in terms of number
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01556-00381687-00381908 of institutions offering the awards the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01557-00381909-00382100 most common doctorates of this type in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01558-00382101-00382433 UK cge surveys carried out in 2008 and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01559-00382434-00382709 2013 were the Doctor of Science DSC
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01560-00382710-00382958 Doctor of Letters deal it doctor of law
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01561-00382959-00383291 lld doctor of music DM use and Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01562-00383292-00383591 Divinity didi in the 2008 survey the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01563-00383592-00383822 Doctor of Technology detect tied with
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01564-00383823-00384176 the DB the DSC was offered by all 49
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01565-00384177-00384491 responding institutions in 2008 and 15
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01566-00384492-00384764 out of 16 in 2013 and the deal it by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01567-00384765-00385001 only 1 less in each case while the DD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01568-00385002-00385160 was offered in 10 responding
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01569-00385161-00385498 institutions in 2008 and 3 in 2013 in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01570-00385499-00385748 terms of number of higher doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01571-00385749-00385913 awarded not including honorary
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01572-00385914-00386174 doctorates the DSC was most popular but
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01573-00386175-00386375 the number of awards was very low the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01574-00386376-00386579 responding institutions had averaged an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01575-00386580-00386732 award of at most one earned higher
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01576-00386733-00386999 doctorate per year over the period 2003
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01577-00387000-00387354 to 2013
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01578-00387355-00387860 topic honorary degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01579-00387861-00388113 most British universities award degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01580-00388114-00388355 honoris causa to recognize individuals
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01581-00388356-00388508 who have made a substantial contribution
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01582-00388509-00388818 to a particular field usually an
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01583-00388819-00389013 appropriate higher doctorate is used in
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01584-00389014-00389198 these circumstances depending on the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01585-00389199-00389477 candidates achievements however some
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01586-00389478-00389643 universities differentiate between
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01587-00389644-00389858 honorary and substantive doctorates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01588-00389859-00390023 using the degree of Doctor of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01589-00390024-00390270 University the Univ for these purposes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01590-00390271-00390444 and reserve the higher doctorates for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01591-00390445-00390861 formal academic research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01592-00390862-00391389 topic United States
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01593-00391390-00391668 the structure of us doctoral programs is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01594-00391669-00391892 more formal and complex than some others
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01595-00391893-00392163 u.s. research doctorates are awarded for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01596-00392164-00392373 successfully completing and defending
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01597-00392374-00392558 independent research presented in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01598-00392559-00392729 form of a dissertation along with
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01599-00392730-00392970 Advanced Study multiple professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01600-00392971-00393339 degrees use the term dr. in their title
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01601-00393340-00393530 such as juris doctor and Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01602-00393531-00393731 Medicine but these degrees do not always
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01603-00393732-00393902 contain an independent research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01604-00393903-00394068 component or always require a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01605-00394069-00394269 dissertation and should not be confused
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01606-00394270-00394671 with PhD DPhil EDD edy degrees or other
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01607-00394672-00394971 research doctorates law school graduates
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01608-00394972-00395183 although awarded the JD degree are not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01609-00395184-00395510 normally addressed as Doctor in legal
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01610-00395511-00395739 studies the PhD equivalent is the much
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01611-00395740-00396056 rarer doctor of juridical science many
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01612-00396057-00396387 universities offer PhD DPhil followed by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01613-00396388-00396656 a professional doctorate or joint PhD d
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01614-00396657-00396942 fill with the professional degree most
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01615-00396943-00397197 often PhD work comes sequential to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01616-00397198-00397583 professional degree eg PhD d fill in law
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01617-00397584-00397826 after a JD or equivalent in physical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01618-00397827-00397971 therapy after DPT
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01619-00397972-00398271 in pharmacy after farm D such
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01620-00398272-00398469 professional degrees are referred to as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01621-00398470-00398732 an entry-level doctorate program and PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01622-00398733-00399154 as a post professional doctorate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01623-00399155-00399656 topic research degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01624-00399657-00399887 the most common research doctorate as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01625-00399888-00400253 the Doctor of Philosophy PhD or DPhil
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01626-00400254-00400463 this degree was first awarded in the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01627-00400464-00400736 u.s. at the 1861 Yale University
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01628-00400737-00400952 commencement the University of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01629-00400953-00401231 Pennsylvania followed in 1871 and
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01630-00401232-00401771 Cornell 1872 Harvard 1873 Michigan 1876
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01631-00401772-00402077 and Princeton 1879 followed suit
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01632-00402078-00402278 unlike the introduction of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01633-00402279-00402518 professional doctorate MD considerable
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01634-00402519-00402734 controversy and opposition followed the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01635-00402735-00402968 introduction of the PhD into the u.s.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01636-00402969-00403178 educational system lasting into the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01637-00403179-00403457 1950s as it was seen as an unnecessary
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01638-00403458-00403658 artificial transplant from a foreign
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01639-00403659-00403853 Germany educational system which
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01640-00403854-00404039 corrupted a system based on England's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01641-00404040-00404321 Oxbridge model PhDs and other research
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01642-00404322-00404531 doctorates in the u.s. typically entails
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01643-00404532-00404723 successful completion of pertinent
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01644-00404724-00404870 classes passing a comprehensive
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01645-00404871-00405089 examination and defending a dissertation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01646-00405090-00405284 the median number of years for
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01647-00405285-00405488 completion of u.s. doctoral degrees is
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01648-00405489-00405710 seven doctoral applicants were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01649-00405711-00405911 previously required to have a master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01650-00405912-00406151 degree but many programs accept students
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01651-00406152-00406325 immediately following undergraduate
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01652-00406326-00406580 studies many programs gauge the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01653-00406581-00406766 potential of a student applying to their
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01654-00406767-00406985 program and grant a master's degree upon
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01655-00406986-00407195 completion of the necessary PhD
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01656-00407196-00407483 coursework when so admitted the student
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01657-00407484-00407630 is expected to have mastered the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01658-00407631-00407822 material covered in the master's degree
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01659-00407823-00407996 despite not holding one though this
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01660-00407997-00408190 tradition is under heavy criticism
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01661-00408191-00408533 finishing PhD qualifying exams confers
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01662-00408534-00408755 PhD candidate status allowing
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01663-00408756-00409055 dissertation work to begin while not
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01664-00409056-00409262 authoritative the international affairs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01665-00409263-00409451 office of the US Department of Education
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01666-00409452-00409817 listed over 20 frequently awarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01667-00409818-00410042 research doctorate titles identified by
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01668-00410043-00410309 the National Science Foundation NSF in a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01669-00410310-00410560 2008 document as representing degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01670-00410562-00410756 equivalent in research content to the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01671-00410757-00411113 PhD at the time the 2008 version of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01672-00411114-00411368 NSF list of research doctorates included
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01673-00411368-00411587 in the survey of earned doctorates SED
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01674-00411588-00411922 contained 18 Awards the doctor of music
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01675-00411924-00412135 and doctor of industrial technology were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01676-00412137-00412357 removed in 2008 after the study
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01677-00412358-00412562 evaluation identified that these were
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01678-00412563-00412721 fully professional rather than
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01679-00412722-00412982 research-based doctorates the current
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01680-00412983-00413051 list as a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01681-00413052-00413368 the 2016 sed published in March 2018
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01682-00413370-00413832 contains the same 18 Awards
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01683-00413833-00414359 topic professional degrees
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01684-00414360-00414566 many fields offer professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01685-00414567-00414788 doctorates or professional masters such
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01686-00414789-00415001 as pharmacy medicine public health
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01687-00415002-00415297 dentistry optometry psychology speech
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01688-00415299-00415522 language pathology physical therapy
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01689-00415524-00415742 occupational therapy health science
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01690-00415743-00415934 advanced practice registered nurse
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-01695-00416918-00417200 licensure some of these degrees are also
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01696-00417201-00417524 termed first professional degrees since
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01697-00417525-00417683 they are the first field specific
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+cGorhx0CA9Q-01699-00418014-00418220 pharmacy is awarded as the professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01700-00418221-00418393 degree in pharmacy replacing a
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01701-00418395-00418667 bachelor's it is the only professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01702-00418668-00418897 pharmacy degree awarded in the u.s.
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01703-00418897-00419150 pharmacy programs vary in length between
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01704-00419151-00419381 four years from a trickle ins with a BS
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01705-00419382-00419753 BA to six years for others in the 21st
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01706-00419754-00419966 century professional doctorates appeared
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01707-00419967-00420158 in other fields such as the doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01708-00420159-00420509 Audiology in 2007 advanced practice
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01709-00420510-00420689 registered nurses were expected to
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01710-00420689-00420872 completely transition to the Doctor of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01711-00420872-00421151 Nursing Practice by 2015 and physical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01712-00421152-00421304 therapists to the doctor of physical
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01713-00421305-00421613 therapy by 2020 professional
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01714-00421614-00421832 associations play a central role in this
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01715-00421833-00422042 transformation amid criticisms on the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01716-00422043-00422228 lack of proper criteria to assure
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01717-00422229-00422543 appropriate rigor in many cases master's
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01718-00422543-00422717 level programs were relabeled as
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01719-00422718-00423208 doctoral programs
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01720-00423209-00423650 pick revocation
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01721-00423651-00423875 a doctoral degree can be revoked or
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01722-00423876-00424085 rescinded by the university that awarded
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01723-00424085-00424381 it possible reasons include plagiarism
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01724-00424382-00424604 criminal or an ethical activities of the
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01725-00424605-00424835 author or malfunction or manipulation of
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01726-00424835-00425409 academic evaluation processes
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01727-00425410-00425946 topic see also
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01728-00425947-00426388 compilation thesis doctor title euro
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01729-00426389-00426667 doctorate list of fields of doctoral
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01730-00426668-00427032 studies
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01731-00427033-00427410 topic references
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01732-00427410-00427572 you
+cGorhx0CA9Q-01733-00427573-00427780 you
+cHpTaTfluTc-00000-00000000-00000719 [Music]
+cHpTaTfluTc-00001-00000720-00001015 there's something written by mural
+cHpTaTfluTc-00002-00001016-00001262 yeah
+cHpTaTfluTc-00003-00001263-00001487 my head doesn't hang on the same day in
+cHpTaTfluTc-00004-00001488-00001702 too long
+cHpTaTfluTc-00005-00001703-00002159 my ears can't stand to hear the symbol
+cHpTaTfluTc-00006-00002160-00002383 and i don't leave the highway long
+cHpTaTfluTc-00007-00002384-00002487 enough
+cHpTaTfluTc-00008-00002488-00002726 to about dial in the mud
+cHpTaTfluTc-00009-00002727-00003166 i got a rambling fever in my blood
+cHpTaTfluTc-00010-00003167-00003599 i got this random fever long
+cHpTaTfluTc-00011-00003600-00003799 when i first heard lost some
+cHpTaTfluTc-00012-00003800-00004022 whistleblower
+cHpTaTfluTc-00013-00004023-00006422 this one said i never gave a
+cHpTaTfluTc-00014-00006423-00006663 there ain't no kind of cure for my
+cHpTaTfluTc-00015-00006664-00007609 disease
+cHpTaTfluTc-00016-00007609-00007751 [Music]
+cHpTaTfluTc-00017-00007752-00008499 is
+cHpTaTfluTc-00018-00008500-00009135 [Music]
+cHpTaTfluTc-00019-00009136-00009583 to let some pretty lady rub my back
+cHpTaTfluTc-00020-00009584-00009831 it's belly early ball and drinking
+cHpTaTfluTc-00021-00009832-00011263 coffee
+cHpTaTfluTc-00022-00011264-00012223 to get
+cHpTaTfluTc-00023-00012224-00012965 fever in my soul
+cHpTaTfluTc-00024-00012966-00013879 [Applause]
+cHpTaTfluTc-00025-00013880-00015641 there ain't no kind of cure for my
+cHpTaTfluTc-00026-00015641-00015975 [Applause]
+cHupN1l4h5o-00000-00000000-00000133 [Music]
+cHupN1l4h5o-00001-00000134-00000545 I feel like I'm losing my mind cause
+cHupN1l4h5o-00002-00000546-00000965 everybody in the world died please Lord
+cHupN1l4h5o-00003-00000966-00001300 Give Me A Sign aside
+cHupN1l4h5o-00004-00001301-00001477 [Music]
+cHupN1l4h5o-00005-00001478-00002167 I feel like I'm losing my mind is
+cHupN1l4h5o-00006-00002168-00002675 [Music]
+cHupN1l4h5o-00007-00002676-00002897 I wanna be the greatest everybody on the
+cHupN1l4h5o-00008-00002898-00003005 face should I look around I feel like
+cHupN1l4h5o-00009-00003006-00003149 everybody is the fake as I make this
+cHupN1l4h5o-00010-00003150-00003322 every day and I'm impatient hoping one
+cHupN1l4h5o-00011-00003323-00003431 day I blow up from the basement
+cHupN1l4h5o-00012-00003432-00003647 statement the top is so vacant I don't
+cHupN1l4h5o-00013-00003647-00003785 hear [__] that I think is amazing
+cHupN1l4h5o-00014-00003786-00004028 waiting
+cLVEb92bkBY-00000-00000000-00000202 this video will show you how to prepare
+cLVEb92bkBY-00001-00000204-00000409 a urine specimen for microscopic
+cLVEb92bkBY-00002-00000411-00000766 examination wash your hands
+cLVEb92bkBY-00003-00000767-00001154 apply gloves assemble all the needed
+cLVEb92bkBY-00004-00001155-00001424 items on a cleared counter surface near
+cLVEb92bkBY-00005-00001425-00001793 the centrifuge stir the urine specimen
+cLVEb92bkBY-00006-00001794-00002039 by rotating the container and pour equal
+cLVEb92bkBY-00007-00002039-00002485 amounts approximately 10 MLS into each
+cLVEb92bkBY-00008-00002486-00002809 of two test tubes or use plain water in
+cLVEb92bkBY-00009-00002810-00003089 one of the test tubes both tubes should
+cLVEb92bkBY-00010-00003090-00003356 be equal in volume to ensure that the
+cLVEb92bkBY-00011-00003357-00003547 centrifuge is balanced when it's
+cLVEb92bkBY-00012-00003548-00003624 spinning
+cLVEb92bkBY-00013-00003625-00005349 [Music]
+cLVEb92bkBY-00014-00005350-00005980 place the tubes on opposite sides secure
+cLVEb92bkBY-00015-00005981-00006370 the top urine should be spun at 1500
+cLVEb92bkBY-00016-00006371-00006601 revolutions per minute for three to five
+cLVEb92bkBY-00017-00006602-00006925 minutes when the centrifuge has
+cLVEb92bkBY-00018-00006926-00007192 completely stopped lift out the tube
+cLVEb92bkBY-00019-00007193-00007378 containing the urine specimen and
+cLVEb92bkBY-00020-00007379-00007630 carefully pour off the urine this is
+cLVEb92bkBY-00021-00007631-00009132 known as the supernatant
+cLVEb92bkBY-00022-00009133-00009388 there will still be a few drops of urine
+cLVEb92bkBY-00023-00009389-00009556 in the bottom of the test tube with the
+cLVEb92bkBY-00024-00009557-00009874 sediment gently tap the bottom of the
+cLVEb92bkBY-00025-00009875-00010054 tube on the counter or against your palm
+cLVEb92bkBY-00026-00010055-00010404 to mix the urine and sediment together
+cLVEb92bkBY-00027-00010405-00010672 obtain a drop or two of urine sediment
+cLVEb92bkBY-00028-00010673-00011011 with the disposable pipette and place it
+cLVEb92bkBY-00029-00011012-00011401 on a clean frosted end glass slide
+cLVEb92bkBY-00030-00011402-00011979 [Music]
+cLVEb92bkBY-00031-00011980-00012282 place a cover slip over the specimen
+cLVEb92bkBY-00032-00012283-00012670 allow it to settle and place it on the
+cLVEb92bkBY-00033-00012671-00013783 microscope stage
+cLVEb92bkBY-00034-00013784-00013990 you
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00000-00000006-00000425 for just 19 995
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00001-00000426-00001049 [Music]
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00002-00001050-00001162 [Music]
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00003-00001163-00001331 morning thanks for starting your weekend
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00004-00001332-00001589 with us Georgia is on the mind of Voters
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00005-00001590-00001757 everywhere with the Senate candidates
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00006-00001757-00001967 facing off in their first and likely
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00007-00001968-00002189 only debate last night the high stakes
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00008-00002190-00002417 race there could decide control of the
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00009-00002418-00002826 Senate it's October 15th this is today
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00010-00002827-00003089 a bruising night in the peach state
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00011-00003090-00003299 Georgia's Democratic senator Rafael
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00012-00003300-00003533 Warnock face to face with his Republican
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00013-00003534-00003736 Challenger Herschel Walker the two
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00014-00003738-00003904 battling one another on everything from
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00015-00003905-00004193 the economy to policing Walker's own
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00016-00004194-00004415 personal life also under scrutiny with
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00017-00004416-00004649 questions whether he paid for an ex to
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00018-00004650-00004883 have an abortion I'll be a senator that
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00019-00004884-00005104 protects life and I say that was a lie
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00020-00005105-00005431 and I'm not backing down
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00021-00005432-00005854 demanding answers I think I heard three
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00022-00005855-00006151 or four gunshots
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00023-00006152-00006413 new 9-1-1 calls released overnight
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00024-00006414-00006653 reveal the chaos and confusion during a
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00025-00006654-00006875 shooting rampage that left five people
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00026-00006876-00007175 dead in Raleigh North Carolina a 15 year
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00027-00007176-00007384 old suspect in custody is police and
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00028-00007386-00007589 grieving family members try to figure
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00029-00007590-00007913 out why this tragedy happened
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00030-00007914-00008159 Cat Scratch Fever some conservative
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00031-00008159-00008303 political candidates and elected
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00032-00008304-00008507 officials Under Fire this morning for
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00033-00008508-00008717 spreading the false claim that schools
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00034-00008718-00008957 are providing kitty litter boxes for
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00035-00008958-00009251 students who identify as cats this
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00036-00009252-00009551 morning dissecting misinformation
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00037-00009552-00009827 all that plus there's no Hogwarts
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00038-00009828-00010187 without Hagrid rubius Hagrid keeper of
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00039-00010188-00010487 keys and grounds at Hogwarts Robbie
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00040-00010488-00010673 Coltrane the actor best known for
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00041-00010674-00010846 playing The Lovable Giant in the Harry
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00042-00010847-00011231 Potter movies died on Friday at 72. how
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00043-00011232-00011446 his co-stars are remembering him today
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00044-00011447-00011831 Saturday October 15th 2022.
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00045-00011832-00012160 [Music]
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00046-00012161-00012610 from NBC News this is today with Peter
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00047-00012611-00013055 Alexander and Kristen Welker
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00048-00013056-00013258 welcome to today thanks for joining us
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00049-00013259-00013433 on this Saturday morning I think there
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00050-00013434-00013697 is a generation of kids and dare I say
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00051-00013697-00013925 adults who feel like they grew up with
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00052-00013926-00014183 that gentle half giant Hagrid Robbie
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00053-00014184-00014380 coltrane's gonna be missed he sure is
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00054-00014381-00014572 those who knew him described him as
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00055-00014573-00014819 boisterous and eccentric and we will
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00056-00014819-00015041 look back at his life and his legacy
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00057-00015041-00015221 yeah we do have a lot to cover this
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00058-00015222-00015388 morning especially in the world of
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00059-00015390-00015557 politics with questions swirling about
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00060-00015558-00015707 whether former president Trump will
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00061-00015708-00015916 answer that subpoena to appear before
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00062-00015918-00016157 the January 6 committee Mr Trump did
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00063-00016158-00016421 respond with a scathing letter slamming
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00064-00016422-00016607 the committee but never actually said if
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00065-00016608-00016841 he would appear meantime the Republican
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00066-00016842-00017039 Senate candidate in Georgia backed by
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00067-00017040-00017272 President Trump Herschel Walker appeared
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00068-00017273-00017441 on stage with incumbent Democratic
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00069-00017442-00017669 candidate Rafael Warnock for their only
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00070-00017670-00017963 debate overnight Georgia is one of at
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00071-00017964-00018172 least three crucial Battleground states
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00072-00018173-00018400 with very high-stakes Senate race at
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00073-00018401-00018580 stake there they could determine whether
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00074-00018581-00018850 the Democrats retain control or if the
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00075-00018851-00019025 Republicans will take it away so we want
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00076-00019026-00019229 to begin this morning with NBC's Allison
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00077-00019230-00019433 Barber she's in Savannah with a wrap-up
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00078-00019434-00019625 of last night's big Showdown Allison
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00079-00019626-00019864 good morning
+cMD8-jpxGdM-00080-00019865-00020215 good morning Peter this is
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00000-00001332-00001638 hola mean hombres Emma innocent
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00001-00001639-00001896 contraremos muchas veces in equal
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00003-00002215-00002790 don't opinion captain is a receiver the
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00004-00002791-00002850 Miguel
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00005-00002851-00003138 ambos inner join of vanillin Lisbon
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00006-00003139-00003539 spoiler indicated a look at the letter
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00007-00003540-00003738 lemme see on keep our Aquino has come
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00008-00003739-00004163 menos sus Padres local Sentinel novel
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00009-00004164-00004364 isopropyl it via no que comprar
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00016-00006981-00007284 sus padres Wiggin a la gran elections
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00021-00008863-00009224 Cabrera con su elección i see me hail
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00022-00009225-00009494 Apprendi bomani healthy pro people
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00023-00009495-00009984 cuando level su Mesaba
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00026-00010628-00011008 gatos osya controller of insurance
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00028-00011213-00011305 universe
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00029-00011306-00011710 I see is the Ramos listos para ser who
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00030-00011711-00011949 consumed in ordered a gentle pork and
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00031-00011950-00012169 every seven it's also must consume
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00032-00012170-00012585 odorous here in Port Fairy that Gennaro
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00033-00012586-00012877 Bustos vocal person miss the moment to
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00035-00013069-00013318 alesis yes the other elements are not
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00036-00013319-00013591 this business dress for Carlos or even
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00041-00015215-00015508 valor and dinero para ver lo mejor even
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00042-00015509-00016296 though I look enough done almost
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+cPOZLwrmVkM-00044-00017128-00017566 narrow parallel in I know Sessa Bustos
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00045-00017567-00017746 father Stephen trabajar para ganar el
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00046-00017747-00017803 dinero
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00047-00017804-00018334 kaneki two years leave India via Padres
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00048-00018335-00018586 trabajan and Presidio touristy areas a
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00049-00018587-00018796 la semana become wealthy later no
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00050-00018797-00018940 crystal no service
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00051-00018941-00019243 Savalas ingresos i familia can really be
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00052-00019244-00019621 a menace in a Rocio troz elmyra supuesto
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00053-00019622-00020053 noise Angus English second most cuenta
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00055-00026952-00027604 when working on favor that extraordinary
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00056-00027605-00028202 OHS but you just explore son
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00057-00028203-00028662 jenna jameson auntie bev a maxim filo
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00058-00028663-00028951 Capelli availeth Manos say yeah the
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00059-00028952-00029119 rotor the middle but of course that's
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00060-00029120-00030052 game known as the seat back don't be the
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00061-00030052-00030223 total caparison today
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00062-00030224-00030471 Miguel I slipped a local Eric Allen sus
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00063-00030472-00030931 Padres captain no careless grass yes yes
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00064-00030932-00031302 I am progressing best on co-founder
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00065-00031303-00031600 Leigh Ellis con amore Miguel Silva que
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00066-00031601-00031844 sus Padres lockira siempre
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00067-00031845-00032108 Gaston so miss suma regalo since our
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00068-00032108-00032525 friend dare say mr. Pony muy feliz
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00069-00032526-00032816 carolina liquor presser told us that
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00070-00032817-00033077 todas maneras kill a man is simply kill
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00071-00033078-00033347 ms nikl Armas improve pequeña procedures
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00072-00033348-00033713 to ensure our continued to captain
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00073-00033714-00033992 Jeremy hill for a slow ballad el dinero
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00074-00033993-00034553 local and Raven sus Padres know so get
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00075-00034554-00034823 your net worth as a stake at peace Allah
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00076-00034824-00035054 knows monstro como podemos there consume
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00077-00035055-00035282 latest in patientís command away
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00078-00035283-00035485 necessity honest con mucho dinero
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00079-00035486-00035708 tambien Apprendi most famous to stir
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00080-00035709-00035984 preachers no idea vana presupuesto no
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00081-00035985-00036197 podemos kidding to vote local free
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00082-00036198-00036455 syllable in Sudan gotta go suck penis
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00083-00036456-00036722 priests you Apprendi Muslim prepare
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00084-00036723-00036974 service route our los momentos external
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00085-00036975-00037490 use penis than refuse padres scenario
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00086-00037491-00037784 patella ready nos vemos a no to capital
+cPOZLwrmVkM-00087-00037785-00038474 or request o pursue your this is hing Oh
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+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00000-00000012-00000287 the United States of America has a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00001-00000288-00000432 racially and ethnically diverse
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00002-00000433-00000741 population the united states census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00003-00000742-00000944 officially recognizes six racial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00004-00000946-00001161 categories white american black or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00005-00001162-00001386 african-american American Indian and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00006-00001387-00001607 Alaska native Asian American Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00007-00001609-00001809 Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00008-00001810-00001985 people of two or more races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00009-00001986-00002243 a category called some other race is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00010-00002244-00002468 also used in the Census and other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00011-00002469-00002768 surveys but is not official the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00012-00002769-00002991 States Census Bureau also classifies
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00013-00002992-00003398 Americans as Hispanic or Latino and not
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00014-00003399-00003704 Hispanic or Latino which identifies
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00015-00003705-00003929 Hispanic and Latino Americans as an
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00016-00003930-00004127 ethnicity not a race distinct from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00017-00004128-00004307 others and comprising the largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00018-00004308-00004518 minority group in the nation the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00019-00004519-00004706 States Supreme Court unanimously held
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00020-00004707-00005021 that race is not limited to census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00021-00005022-00005318 designations on that race question but
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00022-00005319-00005531 extends to all ethnicities and thus can
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00023-00005532-00005711 include Jewish and Arab as well as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00024-00005712-00006068 polish or Italian or Irish etc in fact
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00025-00006069-00006320 the census asks an ancestry question
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00026-00006321-00006561 which covers the broader notion of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00027-00006562-00006813 ethnicity initially in the 2000 census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00028-00006814-00006995 long form and now in the American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00029-00006997-00007256 Community Survey the ancestry question
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00030-00007258-00007527 will return in the 2020 census as of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00031-00007528-00007803 July 2016 white Americans are the racial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00032-00007804-00008070 majority african-americans are the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00033-00008070-00008295 largest racial minority amounting to an
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00034-00008296-00008523 estimated 12 point 7 percent of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00035-00008524-00008793 population Hispanic and Latino Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00036-00008794-00009150 amount to an estimated 17.8 percent of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00037-00009151-00009375 the total u.s. population making up the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00038-00009376-00009632 largest ethnic minority the white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00039-00009633-00009900 non-hispanic or Latino population make
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00040-00009901-00010152 up sixty 1.3 percent of the nation's
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00041-00010153-00010359 total with the total white population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00042-00010360-00010527 including white Hispanics and Latinos
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00043-00010528-00010752 being seventy six point nine percent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00044-00010753-00010971 white Americans are the majority in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00045-00010972-00011205 every census defined region Northeast
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00046-00011206-00011460 Midwest south west and in every state
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00047-00011461-00011706 except Hawaii but contribute the highest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00048-00011707-00011889 proportion of the population in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00049-00011890-00012144 Midwestern United States at 85 percent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00050-00012145-00012296 for the population estimates program
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00051-00012297-00012576 pepp or 83 percent for the American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00052-00012577-00012905 Community Survey ax non-hispanic whites
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00053-00012906-00013214 make up 79% of the Midwest's population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00054-00013215-00013426 the highest ratio of any
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00055-00013427-00013750 however 35% of white Americans whether
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00056-00013751-00013966 all white Americans are non Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00057-00013966-00014169 Latino only live in the south the most
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00058-00014171-00014410 of any region 0.55 percent of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00059-00014411-00014613 African American population lives in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00060-00014615-00014896 south a plurality or majority of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00061-00014897-00015090 other official groups reside in the West
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00062-00015091-00015433 the latter region is home to 42% of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00063-00015434-00015757 Hispanic and Latino Americans 46% of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00064-00015758-00016066 Asian Americans 48% of American Indians
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00065-00016066-00016338 and Alaska Natives 68% of Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00066-00016340-00016554 Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00067-00016555-00016884 37% of the two or more races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00068-00016885-00017281 population multiracial Americans and 46%
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00069-00017282-00017509 of those self designated as some other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00070-00017510-00018072 race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00071-00018073-00018721 topic racial and ethnic categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00072-00018722-00019036 in the 2000 census and subsequent United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00073-00019037-00019273 States Census Bureau surveys Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00074-00019274-00019465 self-described as belonging to these
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00075-00019466-00019762 racial groups white American European
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00076-00019763-00019990 American or Middle Eastern American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00077-00019991-00020176 those having origins in any of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00078-00020177-00020347 original peoples of Europe the Middle
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00079-00020348-00020650 East or North Africa black or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00080-00020651-00020893 african-american those having origins in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00081-00020894-00021097 any of the native peoples of sub-saharan
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00082-00021098-00021445 Africa Native American or Alaskan native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00083-00021446-00021625 those having origins in any of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00084-00021626-00021832 original peoples of North Central and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00085-00021833-00022018 South America irrespective of whether
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00086-00022019-00022204 they maintained tribal affiliation or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00087-00022205-00022510 community attachment Asian American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00088-00022511-00022699 those having origins in any of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00089-00022700-00022906 original peoples of the Far East North
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00090-00022907-00023107 Asia Southeast Asia and the Indian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00091-00023108-00023404 subcontinent Native Hawaiian or other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00092-00023405-00023671 Pacific Islander those having origins in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00093-00023672-00023872 any of the original peoples of Polynesia
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00094-00023873-00024235 Melanesia or Micronesia Middle Eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00095-00024236-00024448 American following consultations with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00096-00024449-00024664 Mena organizations the Census Bureau
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00097-00024665-00024865 announced in 2014 that it would
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00098-00024866-00025021 establish a new Mena eighth Nick
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00099-00025022-00025231 category for populations from the Middle
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00100-00025232-00025461 East North Africa and the Arab world
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00101-00025462-00025734 some other race respondents may write
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00102-00025735-00025900 how they identify themselves if
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00103-00025901-00026089 different from the preceding categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00104-00026089-00026406 e.g Roma or Aboriginal indigenous
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00105-00026407-00026727 Australian however 95 percent of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00106-00026729-00026917 people who report in this category are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00107-00026918-00027205 Hispanic mestizos this is not a standard
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00108-00027206-00027463 a'm race category responses have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00109-00027464-00027694 included mixed race terms such as matey
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00110-00027695-00027931 Creole and mulatto which are generally
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00111-00027932-00028087 considered to be categories of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00112-00028088-00028333 multiracial ancestry see below but
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00113-00028333-00028555 write-in entries reported in the 2000
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00114-00028556-00028789 census also included nationalities as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00115-00028789-00029002 opposed to ethnicities such as South
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00116-00029002-00029272 African belizean or Puerto Rican as well
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00117-00029273-00029455 as other terms for mixed-race groups
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00118-00029456-00029638 like West sort Melungeon mixed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00119-00029639-00030019 interracial and others two or more races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00120-00030020-00030232 widely known as multiracial those who
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00121-00030233-00030420 check off and/or write in more than one
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00122-00030422-00030748 race there is no option labeled two or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00123-00030749-00031201 more races or multiracial on census and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00124-00031202-00031389 other forms people who report more than
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00125-00031391-00031590 one of the foregoing six options are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00126-00031591-00031821 classified as people of two or more
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00127-00031822-00031952 races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00128-00031954-00032205 in subsequent processing any respondent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00129-00032206-00032406 may identify with any number up to all
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00130-00032407-00032673 six of the racial categories each person
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00131-00032674-00032895 has to identifying attributes racial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00132-00032896-00033081 identity and whether or not they are of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00133-00033082-00033380 Hispanic ethnicity these categories are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00134-00033381-00033585 socio-political constructs and should
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00135-00033586-00033804 not be interpreted as being scientific
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00136-00033805-00034071 or anthropological in nature they have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00137-00034072-00034269 been changed from one census to another
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00138-00034270-00034479 and the racial categories include both
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00139-00034480-00034793 racial and national origin groups in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00140-00034794-00035025 2007 the Equal Employment Opportunity
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00141-00035026-00035277 Commission of the US Department of Labor
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00142-00035278-00035493 finalized its update of the EEO one
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00143-00035494-00035700 report format and guidelines to come
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00144-00035701-00036023 into an effect on September 30th 2007 in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00145-00036024-00036267 particular this update concerns the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00146-00036268-00036986 definitions of racial ethnic categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00147-00036987-00037340 topic ethnicity Hispanic or Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00148-00037341-00037714 origin
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00149-00037715-00037951 the question on Hispanic or Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00150-00037952-00038146 origin is separate from the question on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00151-00038147-00038476 race Hispanic and Latino Americans have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00152-00038477-00038657 ethnic origins in the countries of Latin
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00153-00038658-00038989 America and the Iberian Peninsula Latin
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00154-00038990-00039187 American countries are like the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00155-00039188-00039526 States racially diverse consequently no
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00156-00039527-00039745 separate racial category exists for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00157-00039746-00039973 Hispanic and Latino Americans as they do
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00158-00039974-00040186 not constitute a race nor a national
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00159-00040187-00040414 group when responding to the race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00160-00040415-00040636 question on the census form each person
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00161-00040637-00040807 is asked to choose from among the same
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00162-00040808-00041035 racial categories as all Americans and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00163-00041036-00041230 are included in the numbers reported for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00164-00041231-00041449 those races each racial category may
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00165-00041450-00041671 contain non Hispanic or Latino and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00166-00041672-00041962 Hispanic or Latino Americans for example
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00167-00041963-00042185 the white European American race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00168-00042186-00042421 category contains non-hispanic whites
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00169-00042422-00042661 and Hispanic whites see white Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00170-00042662-00042868 and Latino Americans the black or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00171-00042869-00043075 african-american category contains
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00172-00043076-00043300 non-hispanic blacks and Hispanics blacks
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00173-00043301-00043519 see black hispanic and latino americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00174-00043520-00043804 the asian-american category contains
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00175-00043805-00044032 non-hispanic Asians and Hispanics Asians
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00176-00044033-00044251 see Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00177-00044252-00044449 and likewise for all the other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00178-00044450-00044743 categories see the section on Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00179-00044744-00044991 and Latino Americans in this article
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00180-00044992-00045286 self identifying as both Hispanic or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00181-00045287-00045526 Latino and not Hispanic or Latino is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00182-00045527-00045698 neither explicitly allowed nor
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00183-00045699-00046333 explicitly prohibited
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00184-00046334-00046965 topic social definitions of race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00185-00046966-00047196 in the united states since its early
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00186-00047197-00047439 history Native Americans Africans and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00187-00047440-00047629 Europeans were considered to belong to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00188-00047630-00047862 different races for nearly three
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00189-00047863-00048090 centuries the criteria for membership in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00190-00048091-00048286 these groups were similar comprising a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00191-00048287-00048495 person's appearance their social circle
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00192-00048496-00048615 how they lived and they're known
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00193-00048616-00048746 non-white ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00194-00048747-00049008 history played a part as persons with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00195-00049009-00049215 known slave ancestors were assumed to be
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00196-00049216-00049420 African or in later usage black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00197-00049421-00049587 regardless of whether they also had
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00198-00049588-00049876 European ancestry the differences
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00199-00049877-00050064 between how Native American and black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00200-00050065-00050211 identities are defined today
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00201-00050212-00050427 blood-quantum versus one drop and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00202-00050428-00050623 political assumptions have been based on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00203-00050624-00050820 different historical circumstances
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00204-00050821-00051090 according to the anthropologist Gerald
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00205-00051091-00051315 cider such racial designations were a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00206-00051316-00051504 means to concentrate power wealth
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00207-00051505-00051688 privilege and land in the hands of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00208-00051689-00051900 whites in a society of white hegemony
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00209-00051901-00052138 and privilege Sider 1996
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00210-00052139-00052506 see also Fields 1990 the differences had
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00211-00052507-00052723 little to do with biology and more to do
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00212-00052724-00052888 with the history of slavery and its
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00213-00052889-00053094 racism and specific forms of white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00214-00053095-00053341 supremacy the social geopolitical and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00215-00053341-00053536 economic agendas of dominant White's
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00216-00053537-00053754 vis-a-vis subordinate blacks and Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00217-00053755-00054046 Americans they related especially to the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00218-00054047-00054262 different social places which blacks and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00219-00054263-00054487 Amerindians occupied in white dominated
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00220-00054488-00054847 19th century America Sider suggests that
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00221-00054848-00055036 the blood-quantum definition of Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00222-00055037-00055234 American identity enabled mixed-race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00223-00055235-00055423 White's to acquire Amerindian lands
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00224-00055424-00055656 during the allotment process the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00225-00055657-00055915 one-drop rule of black identity enforced
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00226-00055916-00056073 legally in the early 20th century
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00227-00056074-00056272 enabled White's to preserve their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00228-00056273-00056457 agricultural labor force in the south
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00229-00056458-00056757 the contrast emerged because as peoples
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00230-00056758-00056935 transported far from their land and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00231-00056936-00057144 kinship ties on another continent black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00232-00057145-00057388 labor was relatively easy to control and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00233-00057389-00057531 they became reduced to valuable
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00234-00057532-00057806 commodities as agricultural laborers in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00235-00057807-00058068 contrast Amerindian labor was more
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00236-00058069-00058171 difficult to control
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00237-00058172-00058396 moreover Amerindians occupied large
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00238-00058397-00058612 territories that became valuable as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00239-00058613-00058825 agricultural lands especially with the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00240-00058826-00059007 invention of new technologies such as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00241-00059008-00059284 railroads cider thinks the blood-quantum
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00242-00059285-00059521 definition enhanced white acquisition of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00243-00059522-00059700 Amerindian lands in a doctrine of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00244-00059701-00059929 manifest destiny which subjected Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00245-00059929-00060115 Americans to marginalization and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00246-00060116-00060325 resulted in numerous conflicts related
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00247-00060326-00060342 to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00248-00060344-00060634 American expansionism the political
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00249-00060635-00060799 economy of race had different
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00250-00060800-00060973 consequences for the descendants of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00251-00060974-00061197 Aboriginal Americans and African slaves
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00252-00061198-00061491 the 19th century blood-quantum rule
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00253-00061492-00061687 meant that it was relatively easier for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00254-00061688-00061866 a person of mixed euro Amerindian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00255-00061867-00062128 ancestry to be accepted as white the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00256-00062129-00062311 offspring of a few generations of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00257-00062312-00062505 intermarriage between Amerindians and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00258-00062507-00062650 whites likely would not have been
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00259-00062651-00062857 considered Amerindian at least not in a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00260-00062858-00062949 legal sense
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00261-00062950-00063202 Amerindians could have treaty rights to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00262-00063203-00063400 land but because an individual with only
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00263-00063401-00063610 one Amerindian great grandparent no
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00264-00063611-00063832 longer was classified as Amerindian he
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00265-00063833-00064029 lost a legal claim to Amerindian land
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00266-00064030-00064229 under the allotment rules of the day
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00267-00064230-00064477 according to ciders theory whites were
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00268-00064478-00064675 more easily able to acquire Amerindian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00269-00064676-00064927 lands on the other hand the same
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00270-00064928-00065095 individual who could be denied legal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00271-00065096-00065287 standing in a tribe according to the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00272-00065288-00065584 government because he was too white to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00273-00065585-00065773 claim property rights might still have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00274-00065774-00065995 enough visually identifiable Amerindian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00275-00065996-00066201 ancestry to be considered socially as a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00276-00066202-00066538 half-breed or breed and stigmatized by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00277-00066539-00066835 both communities the 20th century
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00278-00066836-00067003 one-drop rule made it relatively
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00279-00067004-00067180 difficult for any one of known black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00280-00067181-00067450 ancestry to be accepted as white the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00281-00067451-00067581 child of an african-american
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00282-00067582-00067786 sharecropper and a white person was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00283-00067787-00067942 considered black by the local
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00284-00067943-00068233 communities in terms of the economics of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00285-00068234-00068446 sharecropping such a person also would
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00286-00068447-00068626 likely become a sharecropper as well
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00287-00068627-00068800 thus adding to the land holder or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00288-00068801-00069082 employers labor force in short this
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00289-00069083-00069229 theory suggests that in a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00290-00069230-00069454 twentieth-century economy that benefited
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00291-00069455-00069544 from sharecropping
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00292-00069545-00069739 it was useful to have as many blacks as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00293-00069740-00070018 possible although some scholars of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00294-00070019-00070219 Jim Crow period agree that the 20th
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00295-00070220-00070429 century notion of invisible blackness
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00296-00070430-00070600 shifted the color line in the direction
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00297-00070601-00070939 of paleness and expanded the labor force
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00298-00070940-00071134 in response to southern blacks great
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00299-00071135-00071407 migration to the north but others such
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00300-00071408-00071638 as the historians Joel Williamson see
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00301-00071639-00071866 Vann Woodward George M Fredrickson and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00302-00071867-00072070 Stetson Kennedy considered the one-drop
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00303-00072071-00072286 rule a consequence of the need to define
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00304-00072287-00072511 whiteness as being pure and justifying
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00305-00072512-00072775 white-on-black oppression over the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00306-00072776-00072988 centuries when whites wielded power over
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00307-00072989-00073201 both blacks and amerindians and believed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00308-00073202-00073387 in their inherent superiority over
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00309-00073388-00073600 people of color they created a social
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00310-00073601-00073697 order of hypo
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00311-00073698-00073868 cent in which they assigned mixed-race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00312-00073869-00074141 children to the lower status groups they
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00313-00074142-00074324 were often ignorant of the systems among
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00314-00074325-00074506 Native American tribes of social
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00315-00074507-00074725 classification including kinship and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00316-00074726-00074990 hypo descent the Omaha people for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00317-00074991-00075193 instance who had a patrilineal kinship
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00318-00075194-00075386 system classified all children with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00319-00075387-00075680 white fathers as white and excluded them
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00320-00075681-00075893 as members of the clans and tribe unless
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00321-00075894-00076073 one was formally adopted by a male
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00322-00076074-00076334 member tribal members might care for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00323-00076335-00076535 mixed-race children of white fathers but
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00324-00076536-00076718 considered them outside the hereditary
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00325-00076719-00076928 clan in kinship fundamental to tribal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00326-00076929-00077141 society the hypo descent social
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00327-00077142-00077336 construction related to the racial caste
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00328-00077337-00077551 that was associated with African slavery
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00329-00077552-00077699 and the conditions of the slave
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00330-00077700-00077966 societies it was made explicit by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00331-00077967-00078169 Virginia and other colonies laws as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00332-00078170-00078544 early as 1660 to Virginia incorporated
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00333-00078545-00078767 the Roman principle of par - sequitur
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00334-00078768-00078941 ventra min - slave law saying that
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00335-00078942-00079144 children of slave mothers were born into
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00336-00079145-00079393 their status under English common law
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00337-00079394-00079643 for subjects children's social status
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00338-00079644-00079807 was determined by the father not the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00339-00079808-00080090 mother but the colonists put Africans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00340-00080091-00080318 outside the category of English subjects
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00341-00080319-00080567 generally white men were in positions of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00342-00080568-00080786 power to take sexual advantage of black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00343-00080787-00081110 women slaves but historian Paul Hynek
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00344-00081111-00081290 has shown that most free African
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00345-00081291-00081512 American families listed in the censuses
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00346-00081513-00081866 of 1790 to 1810 were in fact descended
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00347-00081867-00082049 from unions between white women and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00348-00082050-00082271 African men in colonial Virginia from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00349-00082272-00082478 the years when working classes lived and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00350-00082479-00082651 worked closely together and before
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00351-00082652-00082843 slavery had hardened as a racial caste
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00352-00082844-00083066 in the United States social and legal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00353-00083067-00083267 conventions developed over time by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00354-00083268-00083468 White's that classified individuals of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00355-00083469-00083690 mixed ancestry into simplified racial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00356-00083691-00083975 categories Gossett 1997 but these were
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00357-00083976-00084272 always poorest the decennial census is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00358-00084273-00084550 conducted since 1790 after slavery was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00359-00084551-00084728 well established in the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00360-00084729-00084968 included classification of persons by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00361-00084969-00085213 race white black mulatto and Indian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00362-00085214-00085547 Nobles 2000 but the inclusion of mulatto
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00363-00085548-00085738 was an explicit acknowledgment of mixed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00364-00085739-00085997 race in addition before the Civil War
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00365-00085998-00086240 Virginia and some other states had legal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00366-00086241-00086518 definition of whiteness that provided
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00367-00086519-00086735 for people being classified as white if
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00368-00086736-00086968 no more than 1/8 black for example if
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00369-00086969-00087074 not born into
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00370-00087075-00087293 every Thomas Jefferson's children by his
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00371-00087294-00087455 slave Sally Hemings would have been
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00372-00087456-00087647 classified as legally white as they were
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00373-00087648-00087836 7/8 white by ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00374-00087837-00088052 three of the four surviving children
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00375-00088053-00088274 entered white society as adults and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00376-00088275-00088439 their descendants have identified as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00377-00088440-00088595 white in the late 18th and 19th
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00378-00088596-00088844 centuries people of mixed race often
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00379-00088845-00089054 migrated to frontiers where societies
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00380-00089055-00089192 were more open and they might be
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00381-00089193-00089363 accepted as white if satisfying
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00382-00089364-00089633 obligations of citizenship the more
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00383-00089634-00089948 familiar one-drop rule was not adopted
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00384-00089949-00090173 by Virginia and other states until the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00385-00090174-00090416 20th century but it classified persons
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00386-00090417-00090626 with any known African ancestry as black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00387-00090627-00090977 Davis 2001 passage of such laws was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00388-00090978-00091190 often urged by white supremacists and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00389-00091191-00091487 people promoting racial purity through
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00390-00091488-00091673 eugenics having forgotten the long
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00391-00091674-00091892 history of multiracial unions in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00392-00091893-00092069 South that comprised the ancestry of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00393-00092070-00092276 many families in other countries in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00394-00092277-00092477 Americas we're mixing among groups was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00395-00092478-00092726 overtly more extensive social categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00396-00092727-00092888 have tended to be more numerous and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00397-00092889-00093185 fluid in some cases people may move into
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00398-00093186-00093416 or out of categories on the basis of a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00399-00093417-00093647 combination of socioeconomic status
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00400-00093648-00093893 social class ancestry and appearance
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00401-00093894-00094286 born in 1967 the term Hispanic as an
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00402-00094287-00094526 ethnic emerged in the 20th century with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00403-00094527-00094709 the rise of migration of laborers from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00404-00094710-00094871 spanish-speaking countries of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00405-00094872-00095059 Western Hemisphere to the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00406-00095060-00095300 it includes people who may have been
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00407-00095301-00095534 considered racially distinct black/white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00408-00095535-00095750 Amerindian or other mixed groups in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00409-00095751-00096016 their home countries today the word
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00410-00096017-00096352 Latino is often used as a synonym for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00411-00096353-00096682 Hispanic even if such categories were
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00412-00096683-00096896 earlier understood as racial categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00413-00096897-00097061 today they have begun to represent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00414-00097062-00097280 ethno-linguistic categories regardless
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00415-00097281-00097703 of perceived race similarly Anglo is now
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00416-00097704-00097919 used among many Hispanics to refer to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00417-00097920-00098156 non-hispanic white Americans or European
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00418-00098157-00098372 Americans most of whom speak the English
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00419-00098373-00098531 language but are not of primarily
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00420-00098532-00099127 English descent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00421-00099128-00099791 topic historical trends and influences
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00422-00099792-00100024 the United States is a racially diverse
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00423-00100025-00100253 country the growth of the Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00424-00100254-00100459 population through immigration and high
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00425-00100460-00100691 birth rates as noted as a partial factor
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00426-00100692-00100888 for the u.s. population gains in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00427-00100889-00101212 last quarter century the 2000 census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00428-00101213-00101392 revealed that Native Americans had
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00429-00101393-00101518 reached their highest documented
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00430-00101519-00101794 population four point five million since
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00431-00101795-00102079 the u.s. was founded in 1776 the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00432-00102080-00102244 immigrants to the new world came largely
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00433-00102245-00102475 from widely separated regions of the old
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00434-00102476-00102742 world in the Americas the immigrant
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00435-00102743-00102904 populations began to mix among
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00436-00102905-00103057 themselves and with the indigenous
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00437-00103058-00103300 inhabitants of the continents in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00438-00103301-00103510 United States for example most people
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00439-00103511-00103753 who identify as african-american have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00440-00103754-00103966 some European ancestors as revealed by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00441-00103967-00104275 genetic studies in one analysis of those
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00442-00104276-00104458 genetic markers that have differing
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00443-00104459-00104692 frequencies between continents European
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00444-00104693-00104983 ancestry ranged from an estimated 7% for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00445-00104984-00105197 a sample of Jamaicans to approximately
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00446-00105198-00105487 23% for a sample of african-americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00447-00105488-00105628 from New Orleans where there was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00448-00105629-00105829 historically a large class of mixed-race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00449-00105830-00106120 now called Louisiana Creoles para at all
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00450-00106121-00106489 1998 in the United States since its
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00451-00106490-00106689 early history Native Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00452-00106690-00106843 african-americans and european-americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00453-00106844-00107093 were classified as belonging to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00454-00107094-00107326 different races for nearly three
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00455-00107327-00107554 centuries the criteria among whites for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00456-00107555-00107734 membership in these groups were similar
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00457-00107735-00107906 comprising physical appearance
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00458-00107907-00108139 assumption of non-european ancestry and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00459-00108140-00108400 social circle the criteria for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00460-00108401-00108596 membership in these races diverged in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00461-00108597-00108893 the late 19th century during and after
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00462-00108894-00109114 reconstruction after the emancipation of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00463-00109115-00109333 slaves after the Civil War in the effort
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00464-00109334-00109525 to restore white supremacy in the south
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00465-00109526-00109781 whites began to classify anyone with one
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00466-00109782-00110164 drop of black blood or known African
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00467-00110165-00110410 ancestry to be black such a legal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00468-00110411-00110614 definition was not put into law until
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00469-00110615-00110822 the early 20th century in most southern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00470-00110823-00111034 states but many established racial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00471-00111035-00111250 segregation of facilities during the Jim
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00472-00111251-00111460 Crow era after white Democrats regained
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00473-00111461-00111674 control of state legislatures in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00474-00111675-00111934 south efforts to track mixing between
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00475-00111935-00112175 groups led to an earlier proliferation
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00476-00112176-00112445 of historical categories such as mulatto
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00477-00112446-00112840 and octoroon among persons with partial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00478-00112841-00113075 African descent and blood-quantum
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00479-00113076-00113141 the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00480-00113142-00113306 distinctions which became increasingly
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00481-00113307-00113549 untethered from self-reported ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00482-00113550-00113840 in the 20th century efforts to classify
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00483-00113841-00114053 the increasingly mixed population of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00484-00114054-00114278 United States into discrete categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00485-00114279-00114590 generated many difficulties speaker 1992
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00486-00114591-00114859 by the standards used in past censuses
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00487-00114860-00115079 many mixed-race children born in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00488-00115080-00115289 United States were classified as of a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00489-00115290-00115415 different race than one of their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00490-00115416-00115730 biological parents in addition a person
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00491-00115731-00115871 may change personal racial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00492-00115872-00116054 identification over time because of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00493-00116055-00116303 cultural aspects and self ascribed race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00494-00116304-00116504 can differ from assigned race crescent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00495-00116505-00116900 at all 2003 until the 2000 census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00496-00116901-00117152 Latinos were required to identify as one
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00497-00117153-00117380 race and none was Latino partly as a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00498-00117381-00117590 result of the confusion generated by the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00499-00117591-00117961 distinction 32.9% u.s. census records of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00500-00117963-00118210 Latino respondents in the 2000 census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00501-00118211-00118439 ignored the specified racial categories
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00502-00118440-00118785 and checked some other race maize at all
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00503-00118786-00119152 2003 claim a figure of 42 percent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00504-00119153-00119408 historical trends influencing the ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00505-00119408-00119555 demographics of the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00506-00119556-00119917 include patterns of original settlement
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00507-00119918-00120170 settlement of the Americas by a variety
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00508-00120171-00120407 of Native American peoples including
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00509-00120408-00120722 Alaska Natives settlement of Pacific
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00510-00120723-00120944 Islands by Polynesian people including
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00511-00120945-00121166 Native Hawaiians Samoans the Chamorro
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00512-00121167-00121382 people in Guam and the Northern Mariana
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00513-00121383-00121700 Islands settlement of Puerto Rico by the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00514-00121701-00122000 Taino people settlement of the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00515-00122001-00122185 States Virgin Islands by the C Bonet
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00516-00122186-00122680 Carib and Arawaks colonization
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00517-00122681-00122860 colonization of what is now eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00518-00122861-00123044 Canada in the area between the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00519-00123045-00123179 Appalachian Mountains and the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00520-00123180-00123391 Mississippi River as new France
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00521-00123392-00123593 historical events including the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00522-00123594-00123815 expulsion of the Acadians influenced the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00523-00123816-00124031 ethnic mix especially in Louisiana
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00524-00124032-00124330 northern New England and New York State
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00525-00124331-00124574 colonization of the thirteen colonies by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00526-00124575-00124769 the Dutch British and later immigrants
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00527-00124770-00124990 such as Germans from Northern Europe
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00528-00124991-00125260 Spanish colonization of the Americas
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00529-00125261-00125480 including Florida the Southwest and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00530-00125481-00125779 Puerto Rico later acquired by the u.s.
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00531-00125780-00126044 Denmark and other historical colonial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00532-00126045-00126257 powers influenced the ethnic makeup of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00533-00126258-00126419 what are now the United States Virgin
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00534-00126420-00126542 Islands
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00535-00126543-00126770 the Atlantic slave trade bringing
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00536-00126771-00126938 millions of Africans to the South
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00537-00126939-00127258 Caribbean and Latin America severe
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00538-00127259-00127490 reduction of Native American populations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00539-00127491-00127715 in the contiguous United States mostly
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00540-00127716-00127892 because of new infectious diseases
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00541-00127893-00128134 carried by European colonists combined
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00542-00128135-00128497 with warfare forced migration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00543-00128498-00128720 deportation and flight of United Empire
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00544-00128721-00128959 Loyalists to Canada the Caribbean and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00545-00128960-00129186 Britain after the American Revolution
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00546-00129188-00129436 forced removal of more than 1 million
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00547-00129438-00129650 African Americans in the domestic slave
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00548-00129651-00129842 trade from the upper South to the deep
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00549-00129843-00130076 south during the early 19th century as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00550-00130077-00130256 Americans developed new lands for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00551-00130257-00130571 plantations territorial conflict with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00552-00130572-00130751 Native Americans and the Indian Removal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00553-00130752-00131006 policy of the 19th century displaced
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00554-00131007-00131222 many remaining native populations from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00555-00131223-00131375 east of the Mississippi River to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00556-00131376-00131594 territories to the West especially to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00557-00131595-00131938 what is now Oklahoma immigration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00558-00131939-00132173 historical immigration to the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00559-00132174-00132341 States from all countries of the world
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00560-00132342-00132488 and throughout the history of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00561-00132489-00132683 country for religious political and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00562-00132684-00132977 economic reasons since the late 19th
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00563-00132978-00133187 century the history of laws concerning
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00564-00133188-00133397 immigration and naturalization in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00565-00133398-00133613 United States and illegal immigration to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00566-00133614-00133787 the United States have influenced the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00567-00133788-00133969 ethnic balance of that immigration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00568-00133970-00134171 various groups have been denied entry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00569-00134172-00134396 due to discrimination economic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00570-00134397-00134606 protectionism and political conflict
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00571-00134607-00134852 with their nation of origin other groups
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00572-00134853-00135044 have received favored status such as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00573-00135045-00135355 refugees and Nationals of Allied nations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00574-00135356-00135602 transatlantic migrations from Europe
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00575-00135603-00135755 especially in the nineteenth century
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00576-00135756-00136013 created ethnic enclaves in many Eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00577-00136014-00136244 cities and settling many rural areas
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00578-00136245-00136538 east of the Mississippi immigration from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00579-00136539-00136718 Asia has had the most influence on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00580-00136719-00136916 Hawaii in the West Coast but has also
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00581-00136917-00137063 created predominantly Asian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00582-00137064-00137246 neighborhoods in many major cities
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00583-00137247-00137531 across the country immigration from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00584-00137532-00137723 Mexico and other existing Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00585-00137724-00137942 populations has strongly influenced the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00586-00137943-00138248 Southwest westward expansion of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00587-00138249-00138557 United States the royal proclamation of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00588-00138558-00138866 1763 restricted the western boundary of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00589-00138867-00139046 European settlement to the watershed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00590-00139047-00139235 east of the Appalachian Mountains
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00591-00139236-00139397 despite the Confederation Congress
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00592-00139398-00139691 proclamation of 1783 and non-intercourse
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00593-00139692-00139922 Act prohibiting private purchase of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00594-00139923-00140123 Native American lands the territory
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00595-00140124-00140282 between the Mississippi River and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00596-00140283-00140468 Appalachian Mountains granted to the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00597-00140469-00140662 United States by the Treaty of Paris
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00598-00140663-00140941 1783 was gradually open to white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00599-00140942-00141119 settlers through public purchase of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00600-00141120-00141437 Indian lands the Homestead Act promoting
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00601-00141438-00141620 settlement west of the Mississippi after
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00602-00141621-00141947 the Louisiana Purchase Mormon settlement
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00603-00141948-00142382 of Utah California Gold Rush Oregon
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00604-00142383-00142676 Trail Klondike Gold Rush promoting
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00605-00142677-00143095 settlement of Alaska internal migration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00606-00143096-00143329 african-americans escaped from slavery
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00607-00143330-00143486 sometimes via the Underground Railroad
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00608-00143487-00143681 reaching the free North before the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00609-00143682-00144032 American Civil War the American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00610-00144033-00144218 industrial revolution promoted
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00611-00144219-00144419 urbanization of what was previously a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00612-00144420-00144773 largely agrarian society especially as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00613-00144774-00144944 transportation systems have improved
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00614-00144945-00145133 over the centuries it has become
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00615-00145134-00145346 relatively easy for many Americans to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00616-00145347-00145520 move from one part of the country to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00617-00145521-00145678 another given the lack of internal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00618-00145679-00145886 borders and dominance of English in most
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00619-00145887-00146215 areas many do so for reasons of Economic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00620-00146216-00146543 Opportunity climate or culture in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00621-00146544-00146786 20th century to seek jobs and escape
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00622-00146787-00147026 racial violence African Americans left
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00623-00147027-00147206 the South in the great migration and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00624-00147207-00147391 Second Great Migration moving to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00625-00147392-00147614 northern Midwestern and western cities
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00626-00147615-00147778 where they had to compete with recent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00627-00147779-00148103 European immigrants railroads promoting
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00628-00148104-00148291 migration westwards and streetcar
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00629-00148292-00148502 suburbs created significant ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00630-00148503-00148828 shifts in urban areas economics and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00631-00148829-00149048 natural disasters have driven migration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00632-00149049-00149254 for example during the dustbowl World
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00633-00149255-00149459 War two and since the decline of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00634-00149460-00149768 Rust Belt suburbanization period after
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00635-00149769-00150065 World War Two with white flight to new
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00636-00150066-00150245 housing and away from later social
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00637-00150246-00150590 unrest followed by black flight
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00638-00150591-00150794 the majority of Native Hawaiians who
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00639-00150795-00151004 moved to the mainland US have settled in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00640-00151005-00151310 California air conditioning has promoted
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00641-00151311-00151520 migration from northern areas to the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00642-00151521-00151748 Sunbelt aided by state's rules against
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00643-00151749-00151952 union labor and having low taxes for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00644-00151953-00152198 businesses the jet age promoted
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00645-00152199-00152393 vacationing and part-time living in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00646-00152394-00152624 warmer areas snow birding in some cases
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00647-00152625-00152828 immigrants and migrants form ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00648-00152829-00153029 enclaves in others mixture creates
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00649-00153030-00153703 ethnically diverse neighborhoods
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00650-00153704-00154365 topic racial makeup of the US population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00651-00154366-00154648 for demographics by specific ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00652-00154649-00154857 groups rather than general race see
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00653-00154858-00155497 ancestry below
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00654-00155498-00156091 topic white and European Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00655-00156092-00156307 the majority of people currently living
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00656-00156308-00156499 in the United States are white and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00657-00156500-00156778 European Americans the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00658-00156779-00156994 Census Bureau defines white people as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00659-00156995-00157240 those having origins in any of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00660-00157241-00157453 original peoples of Europe the Middle
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00661-00157454-00157819 East or North Africa like all official
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00662-00157820-00158179 u.s. racial categories white HESA not
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00663-00158180-00158560 Hispanic or Latino Enda Hispanic or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00664-00158561-00158854 Latino component the latter consisting
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00665-00158855-00159064 mostly of white mexican-americans and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00666-00159065-00159310 white Cuban Americans white Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00667-00159311-00159613 are the majority in 49 of the 50 states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00668-00159614-00159816 with Hawaii is the exception
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00669-00159817-00160042 non-hispanic whites are the majority in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00670-00160043-00160351 46 states Hawaii New Mexico California
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00671-00160352-00160612 and Texas and the District of Columbia
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00672-00160613-00160840 are the exceptions these five
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00673-00160841-00161110 jurisdictions have minority majorities
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00674-00161111-00161419 ie minority groups composed the majority
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00675-00161420-00161731 of the population the non-hispanic white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00676-00161732-00161998 percentage sixty-three percent in 2012
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00677-00161999-00162193 tends to decrease every year and this
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00678-00162194-00162352 subgroup is expected to become a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00679-00162353-00162526 plurality of the overall US population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00680-00162527-00162916 after the year 2043 white Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00681-00162917-00163108 overall non-hispanic whites together
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00682-00163109-00163318 with white Hispanics are projected to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00683-00163319-00163462 continue as the majority at
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00684-00163463-00163759 seventy-three point one percent or 303
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00685-00163760-00164083 million out of 420 million in 2050 from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00686-00164084-00164458 currently 77.1% although a high
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00687-00164459-00164671 proportion of the population is known to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00688-00164672-00164905 have multiple ancestries in the 2000
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00689-00164906-00165097 census the first with the option to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00690-00165098-00165289 choose more than one most people still
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00691-00165290-00165520 identified with one racial category in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00692-00165521-00165874 the 2000 census self-identified German
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00693-00165875-00166168 Americans made up 17.1 percent of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00694-00166169-00166372 u.s. population followed by Irish
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00695-00166373-00166606 Americans at 12 percent as reported in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00696-00166607-00166774 the 2000 u.s. census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00697-00166775-00167053 this makes German and Irish the largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00698-00167054-00167236 and second largest self-reported
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00699-00167237-00167433 ancestry groups in the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00700-00167434-00167668 both groups had high rates of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00701-00167669-00167866 immigration to the u.s. beginning in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00702-00167867-00168091 mid 19th century triggered by the great
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00703-00168092-00168349 famine in Ireland and the failed 1848
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00704-00168350-00168649 revolution in Germany however English
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00705-00168650-00168844 Americans and British Americans are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00706-00168845-00169024 still considered the largest ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00707-00169025-00169207 group due to a serious undercount
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00708-00169208-00169462 following the 2000 census whereby men
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00709-00169463-00169615 English and British Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00710-00169616-00169810 self-identified under the new category
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00711-00169811-00170008 entry American considering themselves
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00712-00170009-00170224 indigenous because their families had
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00713-00170225-00170461 resided in the US for so long or if a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00714-00170462-00170704 mixed European ancestry identified with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00715-00170705-00170911 a more recent and differentiated ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00716-00170912-00171127 group point seven point two percent of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00717-00171128-00171328 the population listed their ancestry as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00718-00171329-00171598 American on the 2000 census see American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00719-00171599-00171880 ethnicity according to the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00720-00171881-00172093 Census Bureau the number of people in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00721-00172094-00172297 the u.s. who reported American and no
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00722-00172298-00172537 other ancestry increased from 12 point 4
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00723-00172538-00172828 million in 1990 to 20 point 2 million in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00724-00172829-00173092 2000 this change in reporting
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00725-00173093-00173386 represented the largest growth of any
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00726-00173387-00173593 ethnic group in the United States during
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00727-00173594-00173863 the 1990s but it represented how people
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00728-00173864-00174040 reported themselves more than growth
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00729-00174041-00174220 through birth rates for instance and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00730-00174221-00174441 certainly did not reflect immigration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00731-00174442-00174688 most French Americans are believed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00732-00174689-00174901 descended from colonists of Catholic New
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00733-00174902-00175156 France exiled Huguenots much fewer in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00734-00175157-00175318 number and settling in the eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00735-00175319-00175570 English colonies in the late 1600s and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00736-00175571-00175840 early 1700s needed to assimilate into
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00737-00175841-00176002 the majority culture and have inter
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00738-00176003-00176287 married over generations is Leno's of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00739-00176288-00176470 Louisiana and the hispanos of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00740-00176471-00176680 Southwest have had in part direct
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00741-00176681-00176923 Spanish ancestry most self-reported
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00742-00176924-00177130 white Hispanics are of Mexican Puerto
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00743-00177131-00177343 Rican and Cuban origins each of which
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00744-00177344-00177613 are multi ethnic nations Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00745-00177614-00177808 immigration has increased from nations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00746-00177809-00178404 of Central and South America
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00747-00178405-00179004 topic black and african-americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00748-00179005-00179274 black and african-americans are citizens
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00749-00179275-00179466 and residents of the United States with
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00750-00179467-00179772 origins in sub-saharan Africa according
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00751-00179773-00179925 to the Office of Management and Budget
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00752-00179926-00180150 the grouping includes individuals who
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00753-00180151-00180384 self-identify as African American as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00754-00180385-00180568 well as persons who emigrated from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00755-00180569-00180777 nations in the Caribbean and sub-saharan
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00756-00180778-00181029 Africa the grouping is thus based on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00757-00181030-00181221 geography and may contradict or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00758-00181222-00181371 misrepresent an individual's
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00759-00181372-00181548 self-identification since not all
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00760-00181549-00181764 immigrants from sub-saharan Africa are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00761-00181765-00182083 black among these racial outliers are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00762-00182084-00182304 persons from Cape Verde Madagascar
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00763-00182305-00182553 various himeko Semitic populations in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00764-00182554-00182733 East Africa and the Sahel and the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00765-00182734-00182920 Afrikaners of southern Africa including
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00766-00182921-00183138 such notable figures as the inventor
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00767-00183139-00183398 Elon Musk and actress Charlize Theron
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00768-00183399-00183615 african-americans also referred to as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00769-00183616-00183846 black Americans or Afro Americans and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00770-00183847-00184032 formerly as American Negroes are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00771-00184033-00184219 citizens or residents of the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00772-00184220-00184393 States who have origins in any of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00773-00184394-00184683 black populations of Africa according to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00774-00184684-00184957 the 2009 American Community Survey there
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00775-00184958-00185385 were 38 million 90 3725 black and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00776-00185386-00185586 African Americans in the United States
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00777-00185587-00185826 representing 12.4 percent of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00778-00185827-00186295 population there were 37 million 144,000
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00779-00186296-00186603 530 non-hispanic blacks which comprised
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00780-00186604-00186924 12.1 percent of the population this
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00781-00186925-00187158 number increased to 42 million according
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00782-00187159-00187420 to the 2010 united states census when
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00783-00187421-00187645 including multiracial african americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00784-00187646-00187899 making up 14% of the total u.s.
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00785-00187900-00188196 population black and African Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00786-00188197-00188395 make up the second largest group in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00787-00188396-00188559 United States but the third largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00788-00188560-00188818 group after white Americans and Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00789-00188819-00189118 or Latino Americans of any race the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00790-00189119-00189382 majority of the population 55 percent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00791-00189383-00189609 lives in the south compared to the 2000
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00792-00189610-00189825 census there has also been a decrease of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00793-00189826-00190023 African Americans in the Northeast and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00794-00190024-00190248 Midwest most African Americans are the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00795-00190249-00190452 direct descendants of captives from West
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00796-00190453-00190635 Africa who survived the slavery era
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00797-00190636-00190809 within the boundaries of the present
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00798-00190810-00191091 United States as an adjective the term
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00799-00191092-00191325 is usually written african-american the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00800-00191326-00191499 first West Africans were brought to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00801-00191500-00191871 Jamestown Virginia in 1619 the English
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00802-00191872-00192046 settlers treated these captives as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00803-00192047-00192216 indentured servants and released them
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00804-00192217-00192361 after a number of years
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00805-00192362-00192622 this practice was gradually replaced by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00806-00192623-00192844 the system of race-based slavery used in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00807-00192845-00193114 the Caribbean all the American colonies
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00808-00193115-00193339 had slavery but it was usually the form
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00809-00193340-00193519 of personal servants in the north where
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00810-00193520-00193693 two percent of the people were slaves
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00811-00193694-00193906 and fieldhands in plantations in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00812-00193907-00194152 south where 25 percent were slaves by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00813-00194153-00194247 the beginning of the American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00814-00194248-00194500 Revolutionary War one-fifth of the total
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00815-00194501-00194752 population was enslaved during the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00816-00194753-00194920 revolution some would serve in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00817-00194921-00195100 Continental Army or Continental Navy
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00818-00195101-00195268 while others would serve the British
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00819-00195269-00195496 Empire in Lord Dunmore Zi Theo pian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00820-00195497-00195844 regiment and other units by 1804 the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00821-00195845-00196021 northern states north of the mason-dixon
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00822-00196022-00196075 line
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00823-00196076-00196387 had abolished slavery however slavery
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00824-00196388-00196549 would persist in the southern states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00825-00196550-00196726 until the end of the American Civil War
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00826-00196727-00196956 in the passage of the 13th amendment
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00827-00196957-00197188 following the end of the Reconstruction
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00828-00197189-00197410 era which saw the first african-american
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00829-00197411-00197574 representation in Congress
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00830-00197575-00197812 african-americans became disenfranchised
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00831-00197813-00198034 and subject to Jim Crow laws legislation
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00832-00198035-00198277 that would persist until the passage of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00833-00198278-00198532 the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00834-00198533-00198841 Rights Act of 1965 due to the civil
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00835-00198842-00199051 rights movement according to US Census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00836-00199052-00199285 Bureau data very few African immigrants
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00837-00199286-00199518 self-identify as African American on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00838-00199519-00199804 average less than 5% of African
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00839-00199805-00200041 residents self-reported as African
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00840-00200042-00200476 American or afro-american on the 2000
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00841-00200477-00200737 u.s. census the overwhelming majority of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00842-00200738-00200974 African immigrants approximately 95
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00843-00200975-00201178 percent identified instead with their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00844-00201179-00201429 own respective ethnicities self
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00845-00201430-00201804 designation as African American or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00846-00201805-00202027 afro-american was highest among
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00847-00202028-00202303 individuals from West Africa 4% to 9%
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00848-00202304-00202576 and lowest among individuals from Cape
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00849-00202577-00202861 Verde East Africa and southern Africa 0%
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00850-00202862-00203212 to 4% nonetheless African immigrants
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00851-00203213-00203386 often develop very successful
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00852-00203387-00203548 professional and business working
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00853-00203549-00204222 relationships with African Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00854-00204223-00204859 topic Hispanic and Latino Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00855-00204860-00205315 in 2008 Hispanic or Latino origin was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00856-00205316-00205555 the self-identification of 47 million
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00857-00205556-00205819 Americans they chiefly have origins in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00858-00205819-00206005 the spanish-speaking nations of Latin
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00859-00206006-00206073 America
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00860-00206075-00206367 very few also come from other places for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00861-00206369-00206683 example 0.2% of Hispanic and Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00862-00206684-00206983 Americans were born in Asia the group is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00863-00206984-00207169 heterogeneous in race and national
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00864-00207169-00207501 ancestry the Census Bureau defines
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00865-00207502-00207751 Hispanic or Latino origin
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00866-00207752-00208084 thus the leading country of origin for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00867-00208085-00208296 Hispanic Americans as Mexico thirty
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00868-00208298-00208516 point seven million followed by Puerto
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00869-00208517-00208780 Rico 4.2 million which actually has a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00870-00208781-00208981 special relationship with the u.s. of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00871-00208982-00209196 which its people are citizens in Cuba
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00872-00209198-00209619 1.6 million as of 2008 however as of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00873-00209621-00209842 2010 there were 1 million six hundred
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00874-00209842-00210025 forty eight thousand nine hundred
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00875-00210026-00210253 sixty-eight Salvadorans in the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00876-00210254-00210457 States the largest of the u.s. Central
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00877-00210458-00210721 American community Salvadorans are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00878-00210721-00210862 poised to become the third largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00879-00210863-00211081 Hispanic group by the next census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00880-00211082-00211317 significantly overtaking and replacing
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00881-00211319-00211615 cubans recent estimates already put the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00882-00211616-00211828 Salvadoran population as high as two
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00883-00211829-00212065 million as of 2013 the third-largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00884-00212066-00212311 Hispanic American group point six two
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00885-00212312-00212500 point four percent of Hispanic and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00886-00212501-00212781 Latino Americans identified as white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00887-00212782-00213130 30.5% identified as some other race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00888-00213131-00213427 other than the ones listed according to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00889-00213428-00213640 the pep ninety one point nine percent of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00890-00213641-00213841 Latinos are white as these official
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00891-00213842-00214066 estimates do not recognize some other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00892-00214067-00214384 race in the official estimates black or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00893-00214385-00214567 african-american Hispanics are the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00894-00214567-00214780 second largest group with one point nine
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00895-00214781-00215008 million or 4.0 percent of the whole
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00896-00215009-00215257 group the remaining Hispanics are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00897-00215258-00215455 accounted as follows first for the PAP
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00898-00215456-00215755 1.6 percent American Indian and Alaska
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00899-00215756-00216063 native 1.5 percent two or more races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00900-00216064-00216481 0.7% Asian and 0.03 percent Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00901-00216482-00216760 Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00902-00216761-00216969 the acts three point nine percent two or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00903-00216971-00217219 more races one point nine percent black
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00904-00217219-00217525 or african-american 1.0 percent American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00905-00217526-00217914 Indian and Alaska native 0.4% Asian and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00906-00217915-00218215 0.05 percent Native Hawaiian and other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00907-00218216-00218409 pacific-islander in the united states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00908-00218410-00218638 the hispanic and latino population has
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00909-00218639-00218998 reached 58 million in 2016 according to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00910-00218998-00219159 Pew Research Center the Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00911-00219160-00219367 population has been the principal driver
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00912-00219367-00219571 of united states demographic growth
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00913-00219571-00219898 since 2000 mexicans make up most of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00914-00219898-00220123 Hispanic and Latino population thirty
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00915-00220123-00220315 five million seven hundred fifty-eight
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00916-00220316-00220564 thousand there is also a growth of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00917-00220565-00220750 Hispanics who are receiving a college
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00918-00220751-00220929 education in 2015
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00919-00220930-00221173 forty percent of Hispanics age 25 and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00920-00221173-00221448 older have had a college experience in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00921-00221450-00221694 2000 the percentage was at a low thirty
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00922-00221696-00221913 percent in all the 50 US states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00923-00221914-00222196 California houses the largest population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00924-00222196-00222616 percentage of Latinos in 2015 15 point 2
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00925-00222617-00222831 million Hispanics lived in California
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00926-00222832-00223069 the Hispanic or Latino population is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00927-00223069-00223233 young and fast-growing due to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00928-00223234-00223506 immigration and higher birth rates for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00929-00223507-00223719 decades it has contributed significantly
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00930-00223721-00223966 to u.s. population increases and this is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00931-00223967-00224242 expected to continue the Census Bureau
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00932-00224242-00224505 projects that by 2050 one quarter of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00933-00224506-00225215 population will be Hispanic or Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00934-00225216-00225744 topic asian-americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00935-00225746-00225988 a third significant minority as the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00936-00225989-00226158 asian-american population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00937-00226159-00226339 comprising nineteen point four million
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00938-00226340-00226659 in 2013 or 6.0 percent of the u.s.
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00939-00226660-00227014 population California is home to 4.5
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00940-00227015-00227167 million Asian Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00941-00227167-00227307 whereas four hundred ninety five
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00942-00227308-00227494 thousand live in Hawaii where they
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00943-00227494-00227677 composed the plurality at thirty eight
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00944-00227678-00227878 point five percent of the islands people
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00945-00227879-00228153 this is their largest share of any state
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00946-00228154-00228391 historically first concentrated on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00947-00228392-00228585 Hawaii and the west coast Asian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00948-00228586-00228787 Americans now live across the country
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00949-00228788-00228973 living and working in large numbers in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00950-00228973-00229276 New York City Chicago Boston Houston and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00951-00229277-00229540 other major urban centers their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00952-00229541-00229758 histories are diverse as with the new
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00953-00229759-00229944 immigration from Central and Eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00954-00229946-00230119 Europe to the East Coast from the mid
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00955-00230119-00230334 19th century on Asian started
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00956-00230335-00230512 immigrating to the United States in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00957-00230513-00230696 large numbers in the nineteenth century
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00958-00230698-00230982 this first major wave of emigration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00959-00230983-00231205 consisted predominantly of Chinese and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00960-00231206-00231421 Japanese laborers but also included
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00961-00231421-00231700 Korean and South Asian immigrants many
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00962-00231701-00231904 immigrants also came during and after
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00963-00231905-00232083 this period from the Philippines which
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00964-00232084-00232479 was a u.s. colony from 1898 to 1946
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00965-00232480-00232732 exclusion laws and policies largely
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00966-00232733-00232912 prohibited and curtailed Asian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00967-00232913-00233230 immigration until the 1940s after the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00968-00233231-00233446 u.s. changed its immigration laws during
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00969-00233446-00233767 the 1940s to 1960s to make entry easier
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00970-00233767-00233982 a much larger new wave of immigration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00971-00233983-00234257 from Asia began today the largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00972-00234258-00234510 self-identified asian-american subgroups
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00973-00234511-00234712 according to census data are Chinese
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00974-00234713-00234967 Americans Filipino Americans Indian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00975-00234967-00235216 Americans Vietnamese Americans Korean
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00976-00235217-00235446 Americans and Japanese Americans among
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00977-00235448-00235998 other groups
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00978-00236000-00236254 topic Native Americans and Alaska
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00979-00236255-00236665 Natives
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00980-00236666-00236877 indigenous peoples of the Americas
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00981-00236878-00237119 particularly Native Americans made up
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00982-00237121-00237448 0.8 percent of the population in 2008
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00983-00237448-00237838 numbering 2.4 million an additional 2.3
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00984-00237839-00238057 million persons declared part American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00985-00238058-00238288 Indian or Alaska native ancestry the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00986-00238289-00238501 legal and official designation of who is
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00987-00238502-00238732 Native American has aroused controversy
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00988-00238733-00238939 by demographers tribal nations and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00989-00238940-00239163 government officials for many decades
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00990-00239164-00239421 federally recognized tribes and state
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00991-00239423-00239590 recognized tribes set their own
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00992-00239591-00239782 membership requirements tribal
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00993-00239783-00239998 enrollment may require residency on the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00994-00239998-00240226 reservation documented lineal descent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00995-00240227-00240423 from recognized records such as the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00996-00240425-00240703 dodge rolls and other criteria some
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00997-00240704-00240865 tribes have adopted the use of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00998-00240866-00240942 blood-quantum
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-00999-00240944-00241114 requiring members to have a certain
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01000-00241115-00241351 percentage the federal government
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01001-00241352-00241537 requires individuals to certify
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01002-00241538-00241780 documented blood-quantum of ancestry for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01003-00241781-00241963 certain federal programs such as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01004-00241964-00242194 education benefits available to members
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01005-00242194-00242515 of recognized tribes but census takers
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01006-00242516-00242728 accept any respondents identification
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01007-00242729-00242971 genetic scientists estimated that more
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01008-00242971-00243150 than fifteen million other Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01009-00243151-00243430 including African Americans and Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01010-00243431-00243676 Americans specifically those of Mexican
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01011-00243677-00243871 heritage may have up to one quarter of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01012-00243871-00244081 American Indian ancestry once thought to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01013-00244082-00244269 face extinction as a race or culture
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01014-00244271-00244519 Native Americans of numerous tribes have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01015-00244519-00244705 achieved revival of aspects of their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01016-00244706-00244879 cultures together with asserting their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01017-00244880-00245041 sovereignty and direction of their own
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01018-00245042-00245338 affairs since the mid 20th century many
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01019-00245339-00245554 have started language programs to revive
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01020-00245555-00245773 use of traditional languages some have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01021-00245773-00245989 established tribally controlled colleges
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01022-00245990-00246169 and other schools on their reservations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01023-00246169-00246379 so that education is expressive of their
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01024-00246380-00246621 cultures since the late 20th century
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01025-00246623-00246859 many tribes have developed gaming
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01026-00246860-00247051 casinos on their sovereign land to raise
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01027-00247052-00247255 revenues for economic development as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01028-00247256-00247435 well as to promote the education and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01029-00247436-00247591 welfare of their people through health
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01030-00247592-00247750 care and construction of improved
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01031-00247751-00248113 housing today more than 800,000 to 1
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01032-00248114-00248308 million persons claim Cherokee descent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01033-00248309-00248494 in part or as full Bloods
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01034-00248494-00248769 of these an estimated 300,000 live in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01035-00248771-00248854 California
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01036-00248855-00249337 70,000 160,000 in Oklahoma and 15,000 in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01037-00249338-00249562 North Carolina in ancestral homelands
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01038-00249563-00249763 the second-largest tribal group as the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01039-00249764-00249958 Navajo who call themselves Danae and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01040-00249959-00250069 live on 260
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01041-00250069-00250354 million acre 65,000 square kilometers
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01042-00250355-00250560 Indian Reservation covering northeast
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01043-00250561-00250794 Arizona Northwest New Mexico and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01044-00250796-00251117 southeast Utah it is home to half of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01045-00251119-00251457 450,000 Navajo Nation members the third
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01046-00251458-00251623 largest group are the Lakota Sioux
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01047-00251623-00251812 Nation with distinct federally
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01048-00251813-00252025 recognized tribes located in the states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01049-00252026-00252280 of Minnesota Nebraska Montana Wyoming
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01050-00252281-00252939 and North and South Dakota
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01051-00252940-00253226 topic Native Hawaiians and other Pacific
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01052-00253227-00253653 Islanders
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01053-00253654-00253839 Native Hawaiians and other Pacific
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01054-00253840-00254378 Islanders numbered 420 7810 in 2008 or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01055-00254379-00254742 0.1% of the population additionally
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01056-00254742-00254985 nearly as many individuals identify as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01057-00254986-00255183 having partial Native Hawaiian ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01058-00255184-00255398 for a total of eight hundred twenty-nine
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01059-00255400-00255615 thousand nine hundred forty nine people
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01060-00255616-00255842 a full or part Native Hawaiian ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01061-00255842-00256098 this group constitutes the smallest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01062-00256098-00256362 minority in the United States more than
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01063-00256363-00256644 half identify as full-blooded but
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01064-00256644-00256842 historically most Native Hawaiians on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01065-00256842-00257025 the island chain of Hawaii are believed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01066-00257026-00257181 to have admixture with Asian and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01067-00257182-00257487 European ancestries but the census takes
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01068-00257488-00257685 reporting by individuals as to how they
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01069-00257686-00258009 identify some demographers believe that
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01070-00258010-00258279 by the year 2025 the last full-blooded
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01071-00258280-00258480 Native Hawaiian will die off leaving a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01072-00258481-00258671 culturally distinct but racially mixed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01073-00258673-00258944 population the total number of persons
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01074-00258946-00259148 who have identified as Native Hawaiian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01075-00259150-00259380 in 2008 was more than the estimated
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01076-00259381-00259605 Hawaiian population when the u.s. and X
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01077-00259606-00259953 the islands in 1898 Native Hawaiians are
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01078-00259954-00260157 receiving ancestral land reparations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01079-00260158-00260376 throughout Hawaii they are working to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01080-00260377-00260589 preserve an assert adaptation of Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01081-00260590-00260754 Hawaiian customs in the Hawaiian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01082-00260755-00260994 language they have cultural schools
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01083-00260994-00261177 solely for Legally Native Hawaiian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01084-00261178-00261673 students
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01085-00261673-00261937 topic Middle Easterners and North
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01086-00261938-00262329 Africans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01087-00262330-00262578 according to the arab-american Institute
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01088-00262579-00262809 AAI countries of origin for Arab
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01089-00262810-00263006 Americans include Algeria Bahrain
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01090-00263007-00263328 Comoros Djibouti Egypt Iraq Jordan
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01091-00263329-00263634 Kuwait Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01092-00263635-00263985 Oman Qatar Palestine Saudi Arabia
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01093-00263986-00264342 Somalia Sudan Syria Tunisia United Arab
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01094-00264343-00264539 Emirates in Yemen there are an estimated
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01095-00264540-00264846 1.9 to 2.0 million middle-eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01096-00264847-00265053 Americans according to the u.s. census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01097-00265054-00265239 including both Arab and non-arab
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01098-00265240-00265596 Americans comprising 0.6% of the total
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01099-00265597-00265782 u.s. population however the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01100-00265783-00265977 arab-american Institute estimates a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01101-00265978-00266334 population closer to 3.6 million u.s.
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01102-00266335-00266562 census population estimates are based on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01103-00266563-00266778 responses to the ancestry question on
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01104-00266779-00266955 the census which makes it difficult to
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01105-00266956-00267099 accurately count middle-eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01106-00267100-00267339 Americans though Middle Eastern American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01107-00267340-00267555 communities can be found in each of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01108-00267556-00267789 50 states the majority live in just ten
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01109-00267790-00268008 states with nearly one-third of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01110-00268009-00268305 total live in in California New York and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01111-00268306-00268656 Michigan more Middle Eastern Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01112-00268657-00268860 live in California than any other state
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01113-00268861-00269040 but middle-eastern Americans represent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01114-00269041-00269217 the highest percentage of the population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01115-00269218-00269538 of Michigan in particular Dearborn
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01116-00269539-00269715 Michigan has long been home to a high
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01117-00269716-00269877 concentration of middle-eastern
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01118-00269878-00270093 Americans the United States Census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01119-00270094-00270276 Bureau is presently finalizing the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01120-00270277-00270435 ethnic classification of Mena
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01121-00270436-00270792 populations in 2012 prompted in part by
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01122-00270793-00271020 post 9/11 discrimination the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01123-00271021-00271152 american-arab anti-discrimination
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01124-00271153-00271392 committee petitioned the Department of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01125-00271393-00271557 Commerce's minority business development
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01126-00271558-00271854 agency to designate the Mena populations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01127-00271855-00272075 as a minority disadvantaged community
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01128-00272076-00272331 following consultations with Mena
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01129-00272332-00272535 organizations the US Census Bureau
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01130-00272536-00272763 announced in 2014 that it would
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01131-00272764-00273003 establish a new Mena ethnic category for
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01132-00273004-00273195 populations from the Middle East North
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01133-00273196-00273411 Africa and the Arab world separate from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01134-00273412-00273678 the white classification that these
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01135-00273679-00273882 populations had previously sought in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01136-00273883-00274191 1909 the expert groups including some
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01137-00274192-00274374 Jewish organizations felt that the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01138-00274375-00274677 earlier white designation no longer
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01139-00274678-00274908 accurately represents Mena identity so
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01140-00274909-00275106 they successfully lobbied for a distinct
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01141-00275107-00275385 categorization this process does not
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01142-00275386-00275589 currently include ethno-religious groups
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01143-00275590-00275712 such as Jews or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01144-00275713-00275922 as the bureau only tabulates these
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01145-00275923-00276125 groups as followers of religions rather
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01146-00276126-00276318 than members of ethnic groups as of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01147-00276319-00276584 December 2015 the sampling stratiform
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01148-00276585-00276813 ena category includes the Census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01149-00276814-00277052 Bureau's working classification of 19
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01150-00277053-00277293 Mena groups as well as Turkish Sudanese
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01151-00277294-00277596 Somali Mauritanian Armenian Cypriot
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01152-00277597-00278340 Afghan Azerbaijani and Georgian groups
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01153-00278341-00278954 topic 2 or more races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01154-00278955-00279201 self-identified multiracial Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01155-00279202-00279549 numbered 7.0 million in 2008 or 2.3
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01156-00279550-00279801 percent of the population they have
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01157-00279802-00280034 identified as any combination of races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01158-00280035-00280287 white black or african-american Asian
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01159-00280288-00280532 American Indian or Alaska native Native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01160-00280533-00280784 Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander some
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01161-00280785-00281100 other race and ethnicities the US has a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01162-00281101-00281330 growing multiracial identity movement
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01163-00281331-00281568 while the colonies in southern states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01164-00281569-00281787 protected white fathers by making all
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01165-00281788-00282045 children born to slaves be classified as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01166-00282046-00282267 slaves regardless of paternity they also
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01167-00282268-00282474 banned miscegenation or interracial
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01168-00282475-00282678 marriage most notably between whites and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01169-00282679-00282912 blacks this did little to stop
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01170-00282913-00283119 interracial relationships except as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01171-00283120-00283446 legal consensual unions demographers
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01172-00283447-00283590 state that due to new waves of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01173-00283591-00283784 immigration the American people through
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01174-00283785-00283985 the early 20th century were mostly
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01175-00283986-00284172 multi-ethnic descendants of various
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01176-00284173-00284364 immigrant nationalities who maintained
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01177-00284365-00284589 cultural distinctiveness until over time
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01178-00284590-00284783 assimilation migration and integration
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01179-00284784-00285087 took place the civil rights movement
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01180-00285088-00285288 through the 20th century gained passage
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01181-00285289-00285476 of important legislation to enforce
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01182-00285477-00285733 constitutional rights of minorities
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01183-00285734-00286010 according to James P Allen in eugene
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01184-00286011-00286242 turner from california state university
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01185-00286243-00286464 northridge by some calculations in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01186-00286465-00286701 2000 census the multiracial population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01187-00286702-00286929 that is part white which is the largest
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01188-00286930-00287169 percentage of the multiracial population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01189-00287170-00287267 is as follows
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01190-00287268-00287562 white Native American and Alaskan native
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01191-00287563-00288074 at 7 million 15,000 17 white black at
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01192-00288075-00288785 737,000 492 white Asian at 720 7,000 197
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01193-00288786-00289055 and white Native Hawaiian and other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01194-00289056-00289933 Pacific Islander at 125,000 628
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01195-00289934-00290460 topic genetic admixture
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01196-00290461-00290856 a 2002 study found an average of 18.6%
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01197-00290857-00291177 European genetic contribution in 2.7
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01198-00291178-00291360 percent Native American genetic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01199-00291361-00291570 contribution with standard errors one
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01200-00291571-00291771 point five percent and one point four
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01201-00291772-00292071 percent respectively in a sample of 232
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01202-00292072-00292395 African Americans meanwhile in a sample
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01203-00292396-00292689 of 187 European Americans from State
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01204-00292690-00292872 College Pennsylvania there was an
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01205-00292873-00293169 average of 0.7 percent West African
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01206-00293170-00293397 genetic contribution and 3.2 percent
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01207-00293398-00293634 Native American genetic contribution
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01208-00293635-00293976 with standard errors 0.9 percent and 1.6
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01209-00293977-00294086 percent respectively
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01210-00294087-00294378 most of the non-european admixture was
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01211-00294379-00294612 concentrated in 30 percent of the sample
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01212-00294613-00294840 with West African admixture ranging from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01213-00294841-00295122 2 to 20 percent with an average of 2.3
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01214-00295123-00295419 percent in 1958 Roberts Tucker produced
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01215-00295420-00295656 a statistical analysis using historical
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01216-00295657-00295878 census data and immigration statistics
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01217-00295879-00296109 he concluded that the growth in the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01218-00296110-00296292 white population could not be attributed
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01219-00296293-00296529 solely to births in the white population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01220-00296530-00296742 and emigration from Europe but was also
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01221-00296743-00296940 due to people identifying as white who
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01222-00296941-00297243 were partly black he concluded that 21
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01223-00297244-00297423 percent of white Americans had some
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01224-00297424-00297717 recent african-american ancestors he
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01225-00297718-00297894 also concluded that the majority of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01226-00297895-00298107 Americans of known African descent were
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01227-00298108-00298293 partly European and not entirely
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01228-00298294-00298548 sub-saharan African more recently many
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01229-00298549-00298737 different DNA studies have shown that
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01230-00298738-00298959 many African Americans have European
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01231-00298960-00299187 admixture reflecting the long history in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01232-00299188-00299423 this country of the various populations
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01233-00299424-00299670 proportions of European admixture in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01234-00299671-00299904 African American DNA have been found in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01235-00299905-00300162 studies to be 17 percent in between ten
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01236-00300163-00300372 point six percent and twenty two point
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01237-00300373-00300660 five percent another recent study found
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01238-00300661-00300861 the average to be twenty one point two
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01239-00300862-00301050 percent with a standard error of one
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01240-00301051-00301290 point two percent the race ethnicity and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01241-00301291-00301497 genetics working group of the National
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01242-00301498-00301710 Human Genome Research Institute notes
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01243-00301711-00301920 that although genetic analyses of large
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01244-00301921-00302085 numbers of low-side can produce
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01245-00302086-00302244 estimates of the percentage of a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01246-00302245-00302457 person's ancestors coming from various
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01247-00302458-00302682 continental populations these estimates
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01248-00302683-00302871 may assume a false distinctiveness of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01249-00302872-00303075 the parental populations since human
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01250-00303076-00303270 groups have exchanged mates from local
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01251-00303271-00303944 to continental scales throughout history
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01252-00303945-00304512 topic members of other races
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01253-00304513-00304770 in the 2000 census the non-standard
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01254-00304771-00305067 category of other was especially
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01255-00305068-00305256 intended to capture responses such as
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01256-00305257-00305508 mestizo and mulatto to large multi
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01257-00305509-00305694 racial groups in most of the countries
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01258-00305695-00305871 of origin of Hispanic and Latino
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01259-00305872-00306198 Americans however many other responses
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01260-00306199-00306546 are captured by the category in 2008
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01261-00306547-00306816 15-point ou million people nearly 5
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01262-00306817-00306960 percent of the total u.s. population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01263-00306961-00307251 were estimated to be some other race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01264-00307252-00307587 with 95% of them being Hispanic or
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01265-00307588-00307767 Latino due to this category's
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01266-00307768-00307989 non-standard status statistics from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01267-00307990-00308148 government agencies other than the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01268-00308149-00308364 Census Bureau for example the Centers
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01269-00308365-00308562 for Disease Control's data on vital
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01270-00308563-00308826 statistics or the FBI's crime statistics
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01271-00308827-00309015 but also the bureau's own official
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01272-00309016-00309261 population estimates omit the some other
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01273-00309262-00309546 race category and include most of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01274-00309547-00309699 people in this group in the white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01275-00309700-00309888 population thus including the vast
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01276-00309889-00310158 majority about 90 percent of Hispanic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01277-00310159-00310320 and Latino Americans in the white
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01278-00310321-00310617 population for an example of this see
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01279-00310618-00310785 the World Factbook published by the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01280-00310786-00311454 Central Intelligence Agency
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01281-00311455-00311982 topic ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01282-00311983-00312225 the ancestry of the people of the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01283-00312226-00312450 States of America is widely varied and
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01284-00312451-00312654 includes descendants of populations from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01285-00312655-00312897 around the world in addition to its
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01286-00312898-00313113 variation the ancestry of people of the
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01287-00313114-00313329 United States has also marked by varying
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01288-00313330-00313518 amounts of intermarriage between ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01289-00313519-00313818 and racial groups while some Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01290-00313819-00313986 can trace their ancestry back to a
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01291-00313987-00314205 single ethnic group or population in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01292-00314206-00314424 Europe Africa or Asia these are often
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01293-00314425-00314651 first and second generation Americans
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01294-00314652-00314895 generally the degree of mixed heritage
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01295-00314896-00315123 increases the longer one's ancestors
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01296-00315124-00315318 have lived in the United States see
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01297-00315319-00315582 melting pot in theory there are several
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01298-00315583-00315810 means available to discover the ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01299-00315811-00315957 of the people residing in the United
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01300-00315958-00316275 States including genealogy genetics oral
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01301-00316276-00316464 and written history an analysis of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01302-00316465-00316728 federal population census schedules in
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01303-00316729-00316953 practice only few of these have been
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01304-00316954-00317641 used for a larger part of the population
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01305-00317642-00318344 topic 2015 American Community Survey
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01306-00318345-00318683 according to the 2010 to 2015 American
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01307-00318684-00318929 Community Survey the 20 largest ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01308-00318930-00319136 groups in the United States were see
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01309-00319137-00319271 above for the aam self-designation
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01310-00319272-00319750 options
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01311-00319751-00320275 topic ancestry Maps
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01312-00320276-00320592 you
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01313-00320593-00320981 topic major ancestries
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01314-00320982-00321131 you
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01315-00321132-00321380 these images display frequencies of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01316-00321381-00321659 self-reported ancestries as of the 2000
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01317-00321660-00321986 u.s. census regional African ancestry
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01318-00321987-00322094 czar not listed though an
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01319-00322095-00322295 african-american map has been added from
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01320-00322296-00322834 another source
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01321-00322835-00323439 topic european-american ancestries
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01322-00323440-00323691 these images display frequencies of
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01323-00323692-00323882 self-reported european-american
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01324-00323883-00324646 ancestries as of the 2000 u.s. census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01325-00324647-00325026 topic see also
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01326-00325027-00325186 you
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01327-00325187-00325388 historical racial and ethnic
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01328-00325389-00325691 demographics of the United States race
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01329-00325692-00325850 and ethnicity in the united states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01330-00325851-00326215 census racism in the united states
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01331-00326216-00326623 language spoken at home u.s. census
+cWWFWi_Mv6k-01332-00326624-00326996 equals equals notes
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00000-00000000-00000158 hey guys welcome back to my channel my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00001-00000159-00000295 name is karen let's get straight into
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00002-00000296-00000947 this video
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00003-00000948-00001119 [Music]
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00004-00001120-00001295 so for today's video we are going to be
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00005-00001296-00001478 doing a get to know
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00006-00001479-00001695 me i don't really know is that about
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00007-00001696-00001871 video y'all only know me like that i try
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00008-00001872-00002030 to get to know me i want you to know who
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00009-00002032-00002063 i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00010-00002064-00002295 am what am i doing what's my life like
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00011-00002296-00002510 you know what i'm saying
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00012-00002511-00002742 so let's get straight into this video
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00013-00002743-00002910 the basic thing y'all should know
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00014-00002911-00003126 is my name which is the name of this
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00015-00003127-00003295 channel name is kiara
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00016-00003296-00003519 i love it that's my name that's my name
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00017-00003520-00003679 don't wear it out please don't throw it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00018-00003679-00003711 out
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00019-00003711-00003870 i do have a middle name my middle name
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00020-00003871-00004079 is anna it's like half of my grandma's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00021-00004079-00004303 name it it's my middle name her name was
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00022-00004304-00004479 supposed to be rovina my mom's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00023-00004480-00004751 mom name i was supposed to get her first
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00024-00004752-00004951 name as my middle name is so what's my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00025-00004952-00005151 sister the story behind that i have
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00026-00005152-00005302 three other siblings i have three older
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00027-00005303-00005415 brothers and a twin sister
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00028-00005416-00005806 uh the first oldest is tony he's 27.
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00029-00005807-00006191 and you have jeremiah he's 20 23
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00030-00006192-00006495 yeah 23 and then girl who he is 20 he's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00031-00006495-00006639 going to be 21
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00032-00006640-00006839 in november and then my twin sister's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00033-00006840-00006991 here as y'all all know because i just
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00034-00006992-00007214 seen her in my last video well not my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00035-00007215-00007470 last video the last video for that
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00036-00007472-00007663 the mukbang with my cousin that's yeah
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00037-00007664-00007806 they have to be another one and y'all
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00038-00007808-00007959 just put these tapestries up
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00039-00007959-00008142 they look devilish but it's halloween
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00040-00008143-00008278 halloween around the corner so that's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00041-00008279-00008335 why they got
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00042-00008336-00008551 okay i don't like the devil but these
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00043-00008552-00008767 just represent halloween so i love it so
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00044-00008768-00008791 i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00045-00008792-00009095 am 5'3 i'm skinny y'all i'm skinny
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00046-00009096-00009255 my favorite color is blue and it's been
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00047-00009256-00009414 blue for a pretty long time
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00048-00009415-00009535 i've heard food to eat i don't really
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00049-00009536-00009742 have a fake fruit i just say soul food
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00050-00009743-00009895 because that's just generally what i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00051-00009896-00010103 like to eat get that soul food
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00052-00010104-00010278 because it hit different but one of my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00053-00010279-00010431 favorite youtubers
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00054-00010432-00010623 is ashley williams oh my god i freaking
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00055-00010624-00010774 love her like a lot of youtubers like i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00056-00010775-00010951 like i love the dolan twins because
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00057-00010952-00011119 i'm a twin personally so to have the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00058-00011120-00011295 stuff they say i can relate to and they
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00059-00011296-00011503 last whatever they just posted
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00060-00011504-00011695 about them be having girlfriends i was
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00061-00011696-00011951 so happy for gracie
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00062-00011952-00012135 they are personally my brothers i just
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00063-00012136-00012295 don't know them i've never met them
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00064-00012296-00012463 they're my brothers because they i can
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00065-00012464-00012591 relate to them so well
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00066-00012592-00012927 oh twin freaking howard i'm so glad i'm
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00067-00012928-00013030 explaining sometimes
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00068-00013031-00013238 and i got something apart easily it's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00069-00013240-00013479 easy uh if you can't tell i'm proud
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00070-00013480-00013799 also like sadie city crew will it's her
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00071-00013800-00013886 merch
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00072-00013887-00014094 she's amazing i just graduated high
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00073-00014095-00014279 school this year and i'm so
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00074-00014280-00014535 freaking happy bro quarantine literally
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00075-00014536-00014638 messed us
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00076-00014640-00014886 up especially like like that's just the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00077-00014887-00015063 worst thing the fact that i graduated
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00078-00015063-00015127 this year
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00079-00015128-00015271 was worse because of the whole
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00080-00015272-00015422 quarantine if we didn't have quarantine
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00081-00015423-00015535 it would have been great
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00082-00015536-00015703 but it was where it was really bad i did
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00083-00015704-00015879 march event for four years i started
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00084-00015880-00015919 band
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00085-00015919-00016183 in seventh grade and i my teacher had me
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00086-00016184-00016335 to try different instruments
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00087-00016336-00016567 really wasn't my thing so you put me on
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00088-00016568-00016711 a saxophone
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00089-00016712-00016839 and i don't know what happened but it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00090-00016840-00017047 worked it did marching band for four
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00091-00017048-00017263 years it was the best time of my life
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00092-00017264-00017447 i cannot tell you how many friends i've
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00093-00017448-00017607 met over marching band grade was the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00094-00017608-00017727 best year because we had combined
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00095-00017728-00017871 schools with our other high school that
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00096-00017872-00017975 was in the same city
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00097-00017976-00018119 when you combine two high schools that
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00098-00018120-00018271 are rival schools it just don't turn out
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00099-00018272-00018311 right
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00100-00018312-00018455 i mean that first week we had fights
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00101-00018456-00018647 within that first week that's how bad it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00102-00018648-00018783 was that's like my only
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00103-00018784-00018983 my only talent is actually no that's my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00104-00018984-00019239 only talent i do photography like
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00105-00019240-00019471 i don't it's not a job but i love to
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00106-00019472-00019607 take pictures i love it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00107-00019608-00019743 my favorite tv show i don't really have
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00108-00019744-00019967 it from a tuition i don't really watch
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00109-00019968-00020111 tv i just watch
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00110-00020112-00020414 like netflix youtube disney plus like
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00111-00020415-00020543 ask me a genre
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00112-00020544-00020935 [__] will be my like my oh my go to
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00113-00020936-00021167 my go-to i love scary stuff get scared
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00114-00021168-00021247 but i love it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00115-00021248-00021391 i like halloween that's the reason why
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00116-00021392-00021583 these posters are up i have this first
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00117-00021584-00021703 one
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00118-00021704-00021943 and then i have this one they look so
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00119-00021944-00022111 devilish but they look so
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00120-00022112-00022375 bad but it's just like the idea that
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00121-00022376-00022550 halloween is around the corner and i can
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00122-00022551-00022607 put those
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00123-00022608-00022847 up just makes me happy because i love
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00124-00022848-00022943 halloween
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00125-00022944-00023071 so this year i'm trying to go see the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00126-00023072-00023214 fight with my friends for halloween
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00127-00023215-00023327 because last year we did
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00128-00023328-00023558 literally zip top jeep halloween like i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00129-00023559-00023703 still want to go trick or treating
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00130-00023704-00023991 i'm literally 19 and i that's one thing
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00131-00023992-00024022 too
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00132-00024023-00024342 one thing about me i'm 19 but i look
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00133-00024343-00024535 a lot younger like people think i'm 12
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00134-00024536-00024678 or something i'm 16
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00135-00024679-00024991 no just i am 19 i'm 19 i just looked a
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00136-00024992-00025142 lot younger this is why i get away with
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00137-00025143-00025199 tradition
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00138-00025200-00025503 i recently just got my cartilage i think
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00139-00025504-00025575 this is called the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00140-00025576-00025839 cartilage pierced um the for the second
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00141-00025839-00025902 time
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00142-00025904-00026231 i lost my earring i got these tears
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00143-00026232-00026383 i'm taking it to say three months ago
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00144-00026383-00026574 because i got it pierced lost earrings i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00145-00026575-00026695 had to go re-get appearance again
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00146-00026695-00026814 because i took it out for a week and it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00147-00026816-00026895 closed already
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00148-00026895-00027231 so yeah i said i'm 19. birthday is
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00149-00027232-00027407 january 27th
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00150-00027408-00027662 i was born in 2001 being an aquarius oh
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00151-00027663-00027758 my god
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00152-00027760-00028039 to all the aquarius i swear every zodiac
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00153-00028039-00028223 video on tick tock has
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00154-00028224-00028462 nothing to do with aquarius he was like
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00155-00028463-00028583 oh this sign is that
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00156-00028583-00028870 his son is said but where's the aquarius
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00157-00028872-00029031 where's the aquarius we get no
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00158-00029032-00029246 recognition that we are so good
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00159-00029247-00029462 i mean we may have any anger issues and
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00160-00029463-00029614 we may be crying around and stuff
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00161-00029616-00029895 but since we are some loyal crazy people
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00162-00029895-00030127 we are so loyal if you any sign
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00163-00030127-00030335 comment down below what sign you are for
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00164-00030336-00030502 college i'm going to school for
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00165-00030503-00030711 business like i have a lot of friends
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00166-00030712-00030879 but at times i feel like i don't
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00167-00030880-00031087 i personally don't really like kids i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00168-00031088-00031214 don't know what it is
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00169-00031216-00031431 but every family function these kids
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00170-00031432-00031535 think
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00171-00031536-00031758 me and my twin sister are like the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00172-00031760-00031943 things like we are the goats
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00173-00031944-00032151 they go to us for everything get in the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00174-00032152-00032367 dark people think that's funny
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00175-00032368-00032655 but like i low-key like it's okay when
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00176-00032656-00032790 i'm in the room with somebody but when
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00177-00032791-00032974 i'm by myself i swear i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00178-00032975-00033239 oh oh my god i will crack it up so fast
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00179-00033240-00033367 because i feel like somebody's staring
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00180-00033368-00033502 at me it's like my aunt
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00181-00033503-00033671 it's an automatic reaction like if i go
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00182-00033672-00033767 in the kitchen in the middle of the
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00183-00033768-00033839 night i'm
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00184-00033840-00034046 running since it's not like somebody is
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00185-00034047-00034183 running behind me i know it's my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00186-00034184-00034311 footsteps but it's unless we run a
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00187-00034312-00034399 promise and it's something
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00188-00034400-00034543 it looks like somebody behind me so i'm
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00189-00034544-00034695 gonna keep running okay i'm gonna keep
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00190-00034696-00034831 running i have to sleep with the paint
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00191-00034832-00034983 on the fan is my noise
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00192-00034984-00035135 so if i turn the fan off in the middle
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00193-00035136-00035246 of the night and i'll hear nothing and
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00194-00035247-00035351 the tv down
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00195-00035352-00035615 nope i won't sleep i have another
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00196-00035616-00035702 college class i
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00197-00035703-00036143 start in october it's a
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00198-00036144-00036318 accounting accountant i think that's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00199-00036319-00036446 what's called accountant
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00200-00036447-00036687 i'm gonna do that i did early college
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00201-00036688-00036823 that's one thing i did early college
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00202-00036824-00036943 when i was in high school
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00203-00036944-00037062 if you get the chance to do early
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00204-00037063-00037239 college when you're high school do it it
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00205-00037240-00037374 is way better than taking these
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00206-00037375-00037535 honors classes the honors class
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00207-00037536-00037662 literally they give you so much work
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00208-00037663-00037895 since when you go to college
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00209-00037896-00038071 when i went to colleges and my other
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00210-00038072-00038223 friends were doing freaking
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00211-00038224-00038383 honest classes they was like we getting
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00212-00038384-00038543 many more working to you and we must be
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00213-00038544-00038662 getting ready for college i'm like since
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00214-00038663-00038815 i'm in college and i don't even get
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00215-00038816-00038983 nearly as much work just
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00216-00038984-00039151 no i just want to travel i want to take
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00217-00039152-00039311 pictures i want to like i just
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00218-00039312-00039502 imagine like what it would be like to be
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00219-00039503-00039615 on a road like
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00220-00039616-00039855 my activity is watching netflix that's
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00221-00039856-00039943 my activity
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00222-00039944-00040239 my favorite season is fall because of
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00223-00040240-00040311 halloween
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00224-00040312-00040574 i guess i love halloween i like watching
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00225-00040575-00040743 halloween time
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00226-00040744-00041102 the monster house what what other shows
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00227-00041103-00041390 it's a lot of others like ghostbusters
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00228-00041391-00041630 um it's a ton of other stuff i like to
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00229-00041631-00041807 watch just in general because it's just
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00230-00041808-00041871 so
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00231-00041872-00042215 freaking it just brings you like ah
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00232-00042216-00042479 like i don't know and with the three
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00233-00042480-00042646 sisters like the witch sisters i forgot
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00234-00042647-00042774 what they're called
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00235-00042775-00043007 uh i was watching it like a while ago
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00236-00043008-00043183 but i love them too
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00237-00043184-00043407 it's amazing i love halloween oh my god
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00238-00043408-00043558 i can't wait i'm gonna vlog halloween
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00239-00043559-00043590 you're
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00240-00043591-00043855 my blog i hope i got to know me well but
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00241-00043856-00044151 be sure to follow me on my social media
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00242-00044152-00044327 my instagram will be on this side and my
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00243-00044328-00044527 snapchat will be on this subscribe
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00244-00044528-00044662 turn on your post notifications so you
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00245-00044663-00044839 can get notified when i post comments
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00246-00044840-00045071 your zodiac sign giving this video a
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00247-00045072-00045246 thumbs up so i know i'll do more videos
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00248-00045247-00046283 similar to this see y'all in my next
+cXxrUXlJKCI-00249-00046284-00046584 videos
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00000-00000424-00000574 hello
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00001-00000575-00000743 good afternoon
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00002-00000744-00000878 good morning
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00003-00000880-00001103 or good evening depending on where you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00004-00001104-00001231 are
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00005-00001232-00002548 in the world
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00006-00002549-00002726 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00007-00002727-00004535 thanks for joining
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00008-00004536-00004967 so i just said in portuguese hi gillard
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00009-00004968-00005135 welcome
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00010-00005136-00005375 uh we're just starting here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00011-00005376-00005743 uh tour a virtual tour to know a little
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00012-00005744-00005879 bit
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00013-00005880-00006183 on this visit to the mukab
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00014-00006184-00006446 or
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00015-00006447-00006598 the museum
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00016-00006600-00006783 of history
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00017-00006784-00007319 cultural history of the afro-brazilian
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00018-00007320-00007534 and this is the museo de historico tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00019-00007536-00007727 afro brasilia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00020-00007728-00007967 hello nikolaos
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00021-00007968-00008134 for those of you who would like to know
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00022-00008136-00008327 more about our culture of brazilian
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00023-00008328-00008455 culture
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00024-00008456-00008767 this is a nice place where through art
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00025-00008768-00008974 we can learn a little bit more there is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00026-00008975-00009183 a nice sound of the sea on the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00027-00009184-00009431 background and i'd like to know if
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00028-00009432-00010414 you're hearing me well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00029-00010415-00011119 how are you doing today
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00030-00011120-00011319 today there is a beautiful day here in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00031-00011320-00011478 rio de janeiro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00032-00011479-00011695 with a blue sky
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00033-00011696-00012006 chilly like the wind is glowing
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00034-00012007-00012110 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00035-00012111-00012391 it's 1pm
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00036-00012392-00012687 loud and clear thank you nicolas
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00037-00012688-00012919 for supporting please let me know in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00038-00012919-00013271 case in any of the rooms while we walk
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00039-00013272-00013503 if there is any uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00040-00013504-00013886 interruption in the wi-fi signal hello
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00041-00013887-00014055 hello
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00042-00014056-00014327 uh because this is a very old building
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00043-00014328-00014703 we are at uh one of the first public
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00044-00014704-00015055 schools in latin america it was founded
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00045-00015056-00015430 by don pedro ii the don peter ii
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00046-00015431-00015855 emperor of brazil around 18 in the years
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00047-00015856-00016127 1870s
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00048-00016128-00016350 so this is a very important institution
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00049-00016351-00016655 of education or educational institution
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00050-00016656-00016927 and it was a project from the empire
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00051-00016928-00017222 brazilian portuguese empire here in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00052-00017223-00017327 brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00053-00017328-00017703 to implement the first public schools
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00054-00017704-00017950 to the population and i will share a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00055-00017951-00018158 little bit of that history with you from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00056-00018159-00018286 the building
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00057-00018287-00018599 but mainly from the arts heritage and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00058-00018600-00018919 cultural heritage of our history here in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00059-00018920-00019207 brazil and specifically in the little
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00060-00019208-00019511 africa region which is iconic and it's
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00061-00019512-00019839 where the museum is located as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00062-00019840-00020079 so my name is kelly tavares i'm a tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00063-00020080-00020327 guide leading walking tours cultural
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00064-00020328-00020558 tours and cultural experiences in rio de
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00065-00020559-00020758 janeiro in a connection and a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00066-00020759-00021039 partnership with other guides all over
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00067-00021040-00021383 the world focusing on our black history
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00068-00021384-00021567 walks and heritage
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00069-00021568-00021894 it's what a lot of our brazilian culture
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00070-00021895-00022191 is about so indigenous and black voices
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00071-00022192-00022478 giving voices to history that was and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00072-00022479-00022807 had been erased throughout time
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00073-00022808-00023127 uh this is an educational experience to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00074-00023128-00023342 share our wealth
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00075-00023343-00023439 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00076-00023440-00023750 through through culture and it's an arts
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00077-00023751-00024071 uh an anti-racist initiative
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00078-00024072-00024303 from my part who is a tour guide and an
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00079-00024304-00024447 art educator
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00080-00024448-00024839 my agency is rio and cantos so for those
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00081-00024840-00025055 of you who want to write and spell it
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00082-00025056-00025327 here you can follow my channel there is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00083-00025328-00025614 a button here on the bottom left side of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00084-00025616-00025990 the screen you can just hit follow there
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00085-00025991-00026607 and uh at rio encounters r i o e n c a n
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00086-00026608-00026943 t o s is my channel on youtube and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00087-00026944-00027199 instagram please follow me there and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00088-00027200-00027367 keep posted of other things that we
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00089-00027368-00027527 promote here as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00090-00027527-00027879 so this tour on hey go is tip based it's
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00091-00027880-00028031 free
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00092-00028032-00028239 everybody can access everybody who has
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00093-00028239-00028511 access to wi-fi or the internet and if
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00094-00028512-00028767 you were taking the walking tours with
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00095-00028768-00028943 me the historic walking tours in the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00096-00028944-00029158 city center of rio this would be
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00097-00029160-00029446 something like 20 20
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00098-00029447-00029879 uh in a in a walk around the city and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00099-00029880-00030158 this just to give you an idea this is a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00100-00030160-00030414 way also that we make our incomes
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00101-00030416-00030679 and especially also to spread the word
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00102-00030680-00030790 about
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00103-00030791-00031055 our heritage our culture and what we do
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00104-00031056-00031367 welcome everyone welcome graham we are
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00105-00031368-00031599 just starting the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00106-00031600-00031967 walking tour at the museum
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00107-00031968-00032246 of history and cultural and culture from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00108-00032247-00032439 the afro-brazilian
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00109-00032439-00032646 here in rio de janeiro in the little
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00110-00032647-00033023 africa in the port area of rio
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00111-00033024-00033190 all right so
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00112-00033191-00033590 let's go i'm gonna share with you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00113-00033591-00033759 the name of the museum that you can
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00114-00033760-00034007 follow on instagram
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00115-00034008-00034295 they have just inaugurated
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00116-00034296-00034390 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00117-00034391-00034702 last month and i'm gonna show you the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00118-00034703-00034974 surroundings of the museum there is a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00119-00034975-00035159 sound car
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00120-00035160-00035479 coming to the street selling fruits so
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00121-00035480-00035671 it's a grocery
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00122-00035672-00035815 homie
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00123-00035816-00035951 volkswagen
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00124-00035952-00036287 hi vlasta
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00125-00036288-00036567 we're just showing the combi of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00126-00036568-00036846 that selling eggs and fruits and a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00127-00036847-00037015 little bit of the outside of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00128-00037016-00037183 building
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00129-00037184-00037527 of the museum of history and cultural
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00130-00037528-00037839 and afro-brazilian culture as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00131-00037840-00038111 so this is the street that
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00132-00038112-00038318 which is located in the little africa
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00133-00038319-00038679 region this street of pedro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00134-00038680-00039007 is the pedro nasty street is located
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00135-00039008-00039295 this first public school of brazil of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00136-00039296-00039543 latin america is one of the first ones
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00137-00039544-00039774 in the projects of don pedro ii and you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00138-00039775-00040102 can see some architecture
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00139-00040103-00040279 that some of them were changed
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00140-00040280-00040423 throughout time
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00141-00040424-00040767 and some architecture that brings us to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00142-00040768-00041071 the 18th and 19th century
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00143-00041072-00041215 what you see here is mainly from the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00144-00041216-00041495 19th century and they could have had
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00145-00041496-00041623 like a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00146-00041624-00041823 a prior building that
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00147-00041824-00042111 from a prior time in the 1700s as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00148-00042112-00042335 and they were changed some of them were
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00149-00042336-00042590 changed outside but even though you see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00150-00042591-00042815 some of the colorful buildings from the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00151-00042816-00043079 historic part of the city where the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00152-00043080-00043343 central train station is located and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00153-00043344-00043471 here the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00154-00043472-00043799 is one of the parts of the uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00155-00043800-00044030 transatlantic slave trade
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00156-00044031-00044262 circuit archaeological circuit to the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00157-00044263-00044590 memory of the slavery trade a slave
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00158-00044591-00044823 trade of africans
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00159-00044824-00044951 to brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00160-00044952-00045287 so in this street you also find the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00161-00045288-00045574 lost the hidden cemetery of the new
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00162-00045575-00045839 blacks which today is the institute of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00163-00045840-00045983 new blacks
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00164-00045984-00046230 and the lost cemetery
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00165-00046231-00046590 uh where many black people were thrown
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00166-00046591-00046799 in a mass grave in the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00167-00046800-00047071 archaeological
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00168-00047072-00047343 circuit of this trade that took place in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00169-00047344-00047518 this neighborhood in this area it's a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00170-00047519-00047790 very important area symbolic area
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00171-00047791-00047983 important to understand
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00172-00047984-00048230 our culture our brazilian culture as a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00173-00048231-00048311 whole
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00174-00048312-00048558 where the asamba originated where the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00175-00048559-00048839 afro-brazilian religions were originated
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00176-00048840-00049079 as well and i give tours here in the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00177-00049080-00049390 region in the little africa for its art
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00178-00049391-00049574 for its archaeological site where there
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00179-00049575-00049862 is the unesco world heritage site and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00180-00049863-00050062 for the women of ashe
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00181-00050063-00050262 talking about our religions and culture
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00182-00050263-00050439 today
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00183-00050440-00050702 here's the vlt passing by from the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00184-00050703-00051030 street going directly to the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00185-00051031-00051302 national airport of santos dumont
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00186-00051303-00051519 and it connects with the bus station of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00187-00051520-00051711 rio as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00188-00051712-00052063 so today our focus is at the museum so i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00189-00052064-00052375 will show you a few rooms inside of this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00190-00052376-00052638 of the museum and maybe if someone from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00191-00052639-00052838 the staff comes up i'm gonna introduce
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00192-00052839-00053007 that person to you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00193-00053008-00053254 i won't show everything i just give you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00194-00053255-00053623 a taste of the the collection here's the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00195-00053624-00053911 director of the museum le andrew he's
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00196-00053912-00054207 coming to the door hello andrew to the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00197-00054208-00054319 ball
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00198-00054320-00054863 hello
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00199-00054864-00055215 so leandro is here with us director of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00200-00055216-00055550 the mukabe museum and today andrew we
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00201-00055551-00055687 have about
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00202-00055688-00056030 10 people that's the source participant
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00203-00056032-00058516 is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00204-00058516-00059935 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00205-00059936-00060175 so he said you're very welcome and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00206-00060176-00060423 whenever you can please come here in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00207-00060424-00060671 person to check the whole collection
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00208-00060672-00060982 that will be growing year after year
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00209-00060983-00061182 little by little and it shows the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00210-00061183-00061438 territory of the area the territory of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00211-00061439-00061750 brazil with our culture with all of our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00212-00061751-00062015 wealth and history around what
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00213-00062016-00062230 black people left as a legacy in this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00214-00062232-00063015 country
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00215-00063016-00063342 today
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00216-00063344-00063566 so let's go
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00217-00063567-00063811 so this museum will tell you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00218-00063812-00064079 protagonisms of memory pride and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00219-00064079-00064238 identity
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00220-00064239-00064542 is the name of this exhibition and at
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00221-00064544-00064799 the entrance of the the museum you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00222-00064800-00064926 already see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00223-00064927-00065142 uh kahunka
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00224-00065144-00065519 and the kahanka is a toten that was used
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00225-00065520-00065831 like as the beacons use it in their big
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00226-00065832-00066143 boats to cross the seas
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00227-00066144-00066359 the kahunkas were built in the interior
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00228-00066360-00066623 of minas gerais to cross and to put to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00229-00066624-00066838 be set at the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00230-00066839-00067206 front of the ships of the steamboats to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00231-00067207-00067423 cross the hill san francisco the san
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00232-00067424-00067599 francisco river
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00233-00067600-00067806 and they were sculpted by artists from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00234-00067807-00068079 the interior of brazil to be set there
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00235-00068080-00068391 in the front to protect the sailors from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00236-00068392-00068647 the bad spirits
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00237-00068648-00068943 so as you see in different cultures uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00238-00068944-00069150 the totemic cultures
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00239-00069151-00069471 these how they connect geographically
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00240-00069472-00069815 and globally around the same faith and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00241-00069816-00070119 beliefs
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00242-00070120-00070438 so please feel free to ask me throughout
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00243-00070439-00070550 the tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00244-00070551-00070687 if you want to see something in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00245-00070688-00071006 particular in more details as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00246-00071007-00071279 because i can get closer i can focus on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00247-00071280-00071503 a specific thing that is of your
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00248-00071504-00071775 interest and i can
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00249-00071776-00072055 acknowledge part of our history based on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00250-00072056-00072279 what you're interested on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00251-00072280-00072543 thanks velasta for joining now i'm
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00252-00072544-00072782 sharing with you one of the icons of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00253-00072783-00073119 imperial government of the royal family
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00254-00073120-00073279 are the phoenix
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00255-00073280-00073694 mythological animals of rebirth and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00256-00073695-00073911 symbols of the emperor don pedro the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00257-00073912-00074279 second they make this beautiful
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00258-00074280-00074535 like pillars
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00259-00074536-00074823 to the steps of what was one of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00260-00074824-00075055 first latin america
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00261-00075056-00075303 one of the first public schools in latin
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00262-00075304-00075462 america
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00263-00075463-00075735 it was first the school of boys
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00264-00075736-00075959 and here there is a statue
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00265-00075960-00076103 of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00266-00076104-00076438 they call the negra the black girl the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00267-00076439-00076799 black lady and she is very young
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00268-00076800-00077111 holding a light
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00269-00077112-00077406 that would be lit there uh in the 19th
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00270-00077407-00077526 century
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00271-00077527-00077759 and she's holding is one of the rare
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00272-00077760-00078135 statues representing a black woman in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00273-00078136-00078238 brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00274-00078239-00078511 of that time specifically
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00275-00078512-00078926 because this was done in 1870s
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00276-00078927-00079062 to the school
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00277-00079063-00079294 in celebration of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00278-00079295-00079623 law enforcement of the free womb
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00279-00079624-00079831 so what was this law
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00280-00079832-00080103 this law would guarantee the freedom of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00281-00080104-00080462 all black people enslaved black people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00282-00080463-00080894 their children would be free after 1971
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00283-00080895-00081167 but many people know hi nathan friends
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00284-00081168-00081287 for joining
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00285-00081288-00081606 that that legislation wasn't really
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00286-00081607-00081750 um
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00287-00081751-00082015 that deep in terms of guaranteeing the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00288-00082016-00082135 freedom
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00289-00082136-00082479 because the kids they had to be under
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00290-00082480-00082575 uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00291-00082576-00082862 the the let's say
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00292-00082863-00083135 let's let's suppose if i this girl
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00293-00083136-00083462 if her mother was an enslaved
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00294-00083463-00083743 african descent or african woman
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00295-00083744-00083935 she had to stay
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00296-00083936-00084279 with her mother until at least she was
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00297-00084280-00084703 21 years old so in practice this girl
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00298-00084704-00084918 being her mother
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00299-00084919-00085343 owned between wrecks by a family she
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00300-00085344-00085679 would be until her 21st day
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00301-00085680-00085871 also property
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00302-00085872-00085959 of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00303-00085960-00086126 that family
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00304-00086127-00086359 being able to only uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00305-00086360-00086479 be free
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00306-00086480-00086815 after the 21 her 21st years old
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00307-00086816-00087199 so how they would uh in the empire like
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00308-00087200-00087471 don pedro ii how they would form a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00309-00087472-00087703 population mainly black
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00310-00087704-00087935 without education so don pedro the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00311-00087936-00088159 second implements a lot of public
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00312-00088160-00088423 schools in brazil in order to educate
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00313-00088424-00088623 this new free
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00314-00088624-00088926 children of the free
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00315-00088927-00089055 womb
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00316-00089056-00089231 and this one was
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00317-00089232-00089518 made this statue was made by a french
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00318-00089519-00090135 artist
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00319-00090136-00090479 and interestingly uh she holds the light
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00320-00090480-00090775 of enlightenment and knowledge set here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00321-00090776-00091111 in the public school building
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00322-00091112-00091543 and but her feet are still tied
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00323-00091544-00091855 in shackles
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00324-00091856-00092335 so this makes us think about this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00325-00092336-00092503 let's say
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00326-00092504-00092806 freedom between brackets that the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00327-00092807-00093055 population of that time in brazil would
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00328-00093056-00093135 have
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00329-00093136-00093423 hello isabelli thanks for joining so
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00330-00093424-00093606 here is the name of the art the french
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00331-00093607-00093911 artists who did this artwork and i can
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00332-00093912-00094047 talk more about
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00333-00094048-00094311 the art style in case you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00334-00094312-00094518 you get curious about
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00335-00094519-00094726 my name is kelly tavaz i'm an actor
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00336-00094727-00094982 educator and tour guide here in brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00337-00094983-00095215 and i'm sharing a little bit of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00338-00095216-00095447 museum of cultural
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00339-00095448-00095759 and history of alpha brazilians
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00340-00095760-00096215 this word uh it was named entitled the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00341-00096216-00096479 schilograph
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00342-00096480-00096750 wood carving
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00343-00096751-00096838 print
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00344-00096839-00096967 of black
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00345-00096968-00097062 print
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00346-00097063-00097431 representing abayana one of the typical
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00347-00097432-00097615 matriarchal
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00348-00097616-00097847 figures that and uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00349-00097848-00098079 personalities that you can find in place
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00350-00098080-00098318 such as salvador
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00351-00098319-00098526 rio de janeiro and other places of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00352-00098527-00098767 brazil where they travel bringing their
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00353-00098768-00099006 knowledges of the herbs as you see them
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00354-00099007-00099231 carrying there in the basket
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00355-00099232-00099438 and their knowledge of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00356-00099439-00099591 uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00357-00099592-00099950 the orishas so the two are women of asha
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00358-00099951-00100255 i talk about the women of ashe and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00359-00100256-00100471 afro-brazilian religions
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00360-00100472-00100703 and this museum is great to understand a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00361-00100704-00100911 little bit more about that those
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00362-00100912-00101143 religions through the art and through
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00363-00101144-00101343 the people who make
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00364-00101344-00101567 the connections with the ancestral
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00365-00101568-00101894 spirits through the cannonball and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00366-00101895-00102311 the title of this work is offended
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00367-00102312-00102518 offer to freedom
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00368-00102519-00103047 it's a wood carved print over fabric
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00369-00103048-00103342 from the group of shiloh pretuda
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00370-00103343-00103615 so maybe you can find and follow them on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00371-00103616-00103934 instagram if you really like this work
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00372-00103935-00104215 here present
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00373-00104216-00104478 now the museum is currently working on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00374-00104479-00104710 their policies for
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00375-00104711-00104815 the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00376-00104816-00105143 acquisition of its collection
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00377-00105144-00105399 and now i want to share with you some of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00378-00105400-00105671 the rooms this is a big school with a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00379-00105672-00105902 beautiful eclectic architecture with
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00380-00105903-00106078 some of the elements
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00381-00106079-00106215 of a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00382-00106216-00106383 new classic
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00383-00106383-00106671 and on its architecture and at the end
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00384-00106672-00106815 of the tour i'm going to share the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00385-00106816-00107143 building from its outside as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00386-00107144-00107423 now i'd like to share a little bit i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00387-00107424-00107702 won't share everything because i want it
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00388-00107703-00108031 to come this will be constantly changing
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00389-00108032-00108263 throughout time since they are growing
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00390-00108264-00108390 the uh the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00391-00108391-00108783 collection and this was inaugurated in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00392-00108783-00109031 last month can you get entire image
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00393-00109032-00109271 postcard oh yes sure
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00394-00109272-00109439 entire image or postcard from the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00395-00109440-00109766 building diane uh or also remind me that
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00396-00109767-00109910 please
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00397-00109911-00110223 when you come you see like a beautiful
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00398-00110224-00110478 place a beautiful composition you can
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00399-00110479-00110671 say hey kelly do you please stop there
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00400-00110672-00110934 for my postcard and i'll do that with
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00401-00110935-00111086 big pleasure because
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00402-00111088-00111254 i get so into
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00403-00111255-00111471 showing you around that sometimes i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00404-00111472-00111686 forget
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00405-00111688-00111919 so this is a map showing a little bit of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00406-00111920-00112086 the territory
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00407-00112088-00112383 of the little africa it's written
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00408-00112383-00112631 my place
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00409-00112632-00112983 my little africa mukad
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00410-00112983-00113447 so it's showing the bus station region
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00411-00113448-00113847 the train stations of central brazil the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00412-00113848-00114166 first favelas favela de providencia we
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00413-00114167-00114375 work with a local guide
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00414-00114376-00114654 who makes the tours in the first favela
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00415-00114655-00115207 and we show the city center of brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00416-00115208-00115534 and favelas
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00417-00115535-00115758 can you hear the song on the back a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00418-00115759-00115999 little bit of the batukis
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00419-00116000-00116302 sounds that originated with the drums
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00420-00116303-00116566 the regions and the samba music here in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00421-00116567-00116734 the little africa
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00422-00116735-00116943 and this is the circuit
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00423-00116944-00117286 uh tagged here in these colored pens
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00424-00117288-00117519 where we do the walking tour throughout
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00425-00117520-00117807 the little africa i've done it virtually
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00426-00117808-00118063 with you through hey go just to show
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00427-00118064-00118271 some of these places
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00428-00118272-00118686 but this is a big archaeological complex
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00429-00118688-00119063 and i just showed you like in parts
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00430-00119064-00119439 different 45 or 30 minutes of stream so
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00431-00119440-00119758 i can give you idea of this area where i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00432-00119759-00119910 was born
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00433-00119911-00120039 rio
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00434-00120040-00120239 has a lot
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00435-00120240-00120695 a lot to offer beyond beaches
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00436-00120696-00120958 and beyond cochovada sugarloaf mountain
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00437-00120959-00121190 and as a tour guide and art educator i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00438-00121191-00121327 like to share
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00439-00121328-00121639 our culture and heritage for example i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00440-00121640-00121831 talked to you in the women of ashaya
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00441-00121832-00122158 tour about tia lucia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00442-00122159-00122502 and lucia and lucia she was an artist
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00443-00122503-00122719 who painted these paintings and a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00444-00122720-00122958 storyteller agree
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00445-00122959-00123127 she already passed
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00446-00123128-00123343 and she was always present there at the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00447-00123344-00123551 cemetery of new blacks
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00448-00123552-00123847 telling us her stories she used to tell
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00449-00123848-00124134 stories to children to visitors and she
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00450-00124135-00124407 has her artworks in this museum and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00451-00124408-00124683 other museums throughout the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00452-00124683-00125047 world and here in the mar museum as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00453-00125048-00125327 where i will be doing a transmission
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00454-00125328-00125695 live stream la next month
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00455-00125696-00126302 on tuesday the 14th 2 p.m minus gmt
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00456-00126303-00126663 minus three gmt time so tia lucia one of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00457-00126664-00126966 the griots and matriarchs of this region
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00458-00126967-00127271 was also from salvador from the origins
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00459-00127272-00127558 of bahia and she would represent on her
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00460-00127559-00127734 artworks
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00461-00127735-00128047 our culture and her childhood
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00462-00128048-00128383 in the countryside as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00463-00128383-00128734 in this year this work she says white
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00464-00128735-00129039 dog from aunt lucia she did some
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00465-00129040-00129343 abstract works as well what was rare for
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00466-00129344-00129678 me and look at the quality and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00467-00129679-00129831 the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00468-00129832-00129951 the the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00469-00129952-00130095 the collections the com the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00470-00130096-00130351 complementary complementary composition
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00471-00130352-00130495 that she makes
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00472-00130496-00130766 with these complementary colors
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00473-00130767-00131039 it's her work was very unique and she
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00474-00131040-00131295 was a person of faith
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00475-00131296-00131559 and a lot of love she had in her heart
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00476-00131560-00131687 to share
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00477-00131688-00132031 through her words and it's very nice we
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00478-00132032-00132183 have
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00479-00132184-00132302 honors
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00480-00132303-00132607 to homage to her on street art
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00481-00132608-00132847 throughout the city especially
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00482-00132848-00133087 throughout the little africa region
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00483-00133088-00133519 here she is representing the dragon
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00484-00133520-00133814 to which saint george fought for
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00485-00133815-00134127 and saint george patron saint
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00486-00134128-00134271 of england
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00487-00134272-00134599 who is also representing jungle the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00488-00134600-00134863 orisha of war here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00489-00134864-00135087 in rio de janeiro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00490-00135088-00135327 so these are some of the places
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00491-00135328-00135614 hi camille hi root
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00492-00135615-00135807 thanks for joining
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00493-00135808-00136039 we've done our tour in the colombo
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00494-00136040-00136327 departed the south
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00495-00136328-00136543 we've done our tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00496-00136544-00136711 in the clothes passing through the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00497-00136712-00136854 church of la
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00498-00136855-00137143 france
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00499-00137144-00137439 we passed it through the unesco world
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00500-00137440-00137878 heritage site of the balongo wharf
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00501-00137879-00138183 we've also done on the live stream tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00502-00138184-00138527 of little africa the slave market
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00503-00138528-00138759 and we haven't done the cemetery of new
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00504-00138760-00138887 blacks
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00505-00138888-00139119 which i'm talking now with
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00506-00139120-00139223 the the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00507-00139224-00139423 the guardians there the perpetrators
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00508-00139424-00139527 there
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00509-00139528-00139919 to see if we can organize one of our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00510-00139920-00140302 live streams there to show you a place
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00511-00140303-00140527 that's very important for us as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00512-00140528-00140751 today we are focusing on the centro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00513-00140752-00140966 cultural jose
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00514-00140967-00141271 or the museum of history and alpha
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00515-00141272-00141990 brazilian culture is where we are today
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00516-00141991-00142326 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00517-00142327-00142663 in this museum you'll find photography
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00518-00142664-00143071 documents artworks there is a shop
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00519-00143072-00143319 that way i can show you if you want as
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00520-00143320-00143495 well with some
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00521-00143496-00143807 of the clothes and jewelry
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00522-00143808-00144126 and paintings from local artists
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00523-00144127-00144359 and a little bit of the building which
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00524-00144360-00144743 was a school of boys
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00525-00144744-00145078 now i will share
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00526-00145079-00145566 a little bit of some of the artworks
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00527-00145567-00145911 of contemporary artists you see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00528-00145912-00146111 exhibitions of photos that will talk
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00529-00146112-00146471 about the black movement in brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00530-00146472-00146678 and you have different media being
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00531-00146679-00147023 showcased such as this is a performance
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00532-00147024-00147319 a video performance of artist ronna so
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00533-00147320-00147502 you can follow ronna
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00534-00147503-00147735 hi amy emma
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00535-00147736-00147878 hi camilo
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00536-00147879-00148135 you can follow rona artist
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00537-00148136-00148311 on instagram
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00538-00148312-00148511 and the name of this work
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00539-00148512-00148614 rhona
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00540-00148615-00149039 artist azad was
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00541-00149040-00149311 he is a multi-talented artist he is a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00542-00149312-00149463 friend of mine
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00543-00149464-00149711 i i follow his work
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00544-00149712-00150014 from clothes and unfortunately there are
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00545-00150015-00150359 two works of honor here at the museum
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00546-00150360-00150647 but i'm glad very thankful for
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00547-00150648-00150854 the video art and an installation as
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00548-00150855-00151214 well so there are photographs of artists
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00549-00151215-00151359 paintings
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00550-00151360-00151702 and i will showcase one of my favorite
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00551-00151703-00151935 contemporary artworks
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00552-00151936-00152302 how many of you had seen the picture of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00553-00152303-00152551 the enslaved anastasia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00554-00152552-00152911 in your country
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00555-00152912-00153287 so anastasia which here uh which had a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00556-00153288-00153439 mask
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00557-00153440-00153735 one of those torture masks used on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00558-00153736-00154031 enslaved africans and their descent to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00559-00154032-00154326 not allow them to express themselves a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00560-00154327-00154695 uh here it suffers a change and but wait
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00561-00154696-00154919 a minute because there is another
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00562-00154920-00155159 important person coming here to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00563-00155160-00155375 greet you thank you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00564-00155376-00155702 juliana for your support
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00565-00155703-00156366 so this is ladies
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00566-00156367-00156775 and gentlemen
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00567-00156776-00157099 and larissa she is the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00568-00157100-00157254 museologist
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00569-00157255-00157614 of the museum of national of cultural
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00570-00157615-00157943 history here in the mukab and she's a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00571-00157944-00158359 very nice person welcoming us very well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00572-00158360-00158654 reception in us very open to dialogue
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00573-00158655-00158895 and she said she's a little shy but that
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00574-00158896-00159166 she would come and say something if she
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00575-00159167-00159423 wants to say
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00576-00159424-00161071 hello
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00577-00161072-00161771 is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00578-00161772-00163214 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00579-00163215-00163399 so she said
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00580-00163400-00163599 kelly just don't show everything because
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00581-00163600-00163790 we want them to come and see with their
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00582-00163791-00163966 own eyes she's right
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00583-00163967-00164135 she's completely right
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00584-00164136-00164254 and then
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00585-00164255-00164566 i was talking about enslaved anastasia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00586-00164567-00164743 and one thing that is important to say
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00587-00164744-00164975 about anastasia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00588-00164976-00165095 is that
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00589-00165096-00165326 she was the first story of resistance
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00590-00165327-00165599 i've heard from my grandmother when i
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00591-00165600-00165919 was five years old these uh can entails
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00592-00165920-00166175 you like the power of storytelling in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00593-00166176-00166399 how it can change and promote
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00594-00166400-00166647 changes in lives of young people and in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00595-00166648-00166943 the people of the life of people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00596-00166944-00167087 estacia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00597-00167088-00167399 anastasia my mother said my grandmother
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00598-00167400-00167726 said that she was tortured and played
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00599-00167727-00168054 and she had a great power of making
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00600-00168055-00168335 miracles with her words and saying
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00601-00168336-00168599 mobilizing people uniting black people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00602-00168600-00168878 against slavery and she was a powerful
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00603-00168879-00169183 woman because despite being tortured by
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00604-00169184-00169423 the one who thought it was her master
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00605-00169424-00169863 and owner she she didn't really um
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00606-00169864-00169975 yeah
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00607-00169976-00170207 she didn't how can i say that she wasn't
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00608-00170208-00170495 strong enough to resist and not let
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00609-00170496-00170847 herself being subjugated by his power or
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00610-00170848-00171119 the power of the her
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00611-00171120-00171438 the enslaved society where she was
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00612-00171439-00171543 living
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00613-00171544-00171863 so the representation of anastasia she
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00614-00171864-00172126 is worshipped in the catholic church in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00615-00172127-00172366 the our lady of rosary of the black
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00616-00172367-00172663 people fraternity here in rio de janeiro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00617-00172664-00173119 as a as a an important icon a queen of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00618-00173120-00173447 power to mobilize black people in our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00619-00173448-00173766 history from the 19th century and when
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00620-00173767-00174071 my mother grandmother told me that story
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00621-00174072-00174223 i was really
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00622-00174224-00174559 empowered as a woman because i thought
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00623-00174560-00174895 well this woman she was tortured but she
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00624-00174896-00175295 was able to resist her master wanted to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00625-00175296-00175654 exploit her to write her to shut her
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00626-00175655-00176014 mouth but she resisted until death but
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00627-00176015-00176390 she never she never made what he wanted
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00628-00176391-00176735 to lose what her her integrity as a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00629-00176736-00177023 woman so that was my first lesson of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00630-00177024-00177359 resistance that my that will set like a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00631-00177360-00177638 divider of waters
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00632-00177639-00177775 in our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00633-00177776-00178047 in my life as an educator and the place
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00634-00178048-00178295 that women need to occupy of not
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00635-00178296-00178631 accepting harassment or being abused
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00636-00178632-00179031 and anastasia was known as the escrava
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00637-00179032-00179511 anastasia and enslaved and anastasia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00638-00179512-00179735 it's been now
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00639-00179736-00180063 many educators are inviting us to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00640-00180064-00180278 refrain her name
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00641-00180279-00180575 not escrav anastasia but the queen
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00642-00180576-00180902 anastasia and because she was known as
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00643-00180903-00181302 being one of the queens being kidnapped
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00644-00181303-00181559 in africa and brought to rio de janeiro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00645-00181560-00181926 to brazil as an island
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00646-00181927-00182071 and for
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00647-00182072-00182271 our whole life she was represented with
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00648-00182272-00182423 a mask
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00649-00182424-00182775 and now this artist called yuri cruz who
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00650-00182776-00183095 is a contemporary artist
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00651-00183096-00183263 judy cruz
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00652-00183264-00183614 he wrote the title monumento monument to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00653-00183615-00183863 the voice of anastasia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00654-00183864-00184071 and he did this artwork
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00655-00184072-00184199 this year
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00656-00184200-00184390 saying anastasia
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00657-00184391-00184502 free
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00658-00184503-00184783 anastasia livery
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00659-00184784-00185399 and what he did he created a new face
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00660-00185400-00185735 giving anastasia a mouth
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00661-00185736-00186063 and a face that she was destituted off
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00662-00186064-00186407 throughout history but note
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00663-00186408-00186638 for a long long time
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00664-00186639-00186847 she became well known
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00665-00186848-00187087 all over the world but especially in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00666-00187088-00187207 brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00667-00187208-00187431 because of her deeds
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00668-00187432-00187702 but nobody knows the details of her
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00669-00187703-00187878 history because we had a lot of our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00670-00187879-00187983 history
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00671-00187984-00188190 broken
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00672-00188191-00188575 but how come i here as a tour guide
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00673-00188576-00188926 i lead tours around the city and people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00674-00188927-00189247 say from the u.s i've seen an image of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00675-00189248-00189366 this woman
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00676-00189367-00189502 in the u.s
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00677-00189503-00189883 i've seen an image of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00678-00189884-00190238 anastasia in in the international
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00679-00190239-00190535 slavery museum
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00680-00190536-00190728 so how come that would happen
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00681-00190729-00191143 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00682-00191144-00191511 how come this woman in brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00683-00191512-00191711 has her memory
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00684-00191712-00192031 spread all over the globe the memory of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00685-00192032-00192214 resistance
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00686-00192215-00192454 this room will showcase other words
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00687-00192455-00192654 related to the women of asher and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00688-00192655-00192966 horishas
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00689-00192967-00193247 and i will invite you to see one of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00690-00193248-00193407 paintings
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00691-00193408-00193678 of this this room
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00692-00193679-00193814 which is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00693-00193815-00194190 the painting of painter aussie mar
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00694-00194191-00194478 showcasing a tejedo
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00695-00194479-00194647 ground
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00696-00194648-00194871 they had a ground where the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00697-00194872-00195119 afro-brazilian celebrations of our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00698-00195120-00195463 religion of the condom blair takes place
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00699-00195464-00195654 with the matriarchal system being
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00700-00195655-00195838 represented here and a lot of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00701-00195839-00196095 syncretism of the urishas and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00702-00196096-00196383 statues of the catholic church
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00703-00196384-00196607 something that i already talked to you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00704-00196608-00196863 in other tours on the women of hashet
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00705-00196864-00197047 were here in the area and that is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00706-00197048-00197335 represented one session of the canon
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00707-00197336-00197735 here bringing the orishas the mothers of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00708-00197736-00197966 saints of mundus saunders leading
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00709-00197967-00198366 ceremonies of canon
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00710-00198367-00198526 please let me know if you have any
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00711-00198527-00198743 questions i can
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00712-00198744-00199054 answer you any any questions if i don't
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00713-00199055-00199407 know i will just research more
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00714-00199408-00199647 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00715-00199648-00199863 if i know i will be glad to share with
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00716-00199864-00200263 you okay
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00717-00200264-00200599 so dance uh in brazil and samba music
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00718-00200600-00200831 just exists because of ancestral
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00719-00200832-00201047 knowledge because the music is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00720-00201048-00201350 originated it's created to give place to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00721-00201351-00201663 the odessa to manifest and come and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00722-00201664-00201871 people get entranced receiving the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00723-00201872-00202199 spirits of the orishas to acknowledge
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00724-00202200-00202502 and this ancestral spirits
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00725-00202503-00202750 and to also advise members of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00726-00202751-00203038 community so then in this context the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00727-00203039-00203214 music and the summer music and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00728-00203215-00203366 batukis
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00729-00203367-00203623 originate our rhythms
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00730-00203624-00203766 originate
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00731-00203767-00203919 our songs
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00732-00203920-00204326 our music and later also our carnival
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00733-00204327-00204463 here there is the work of another
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00734-00204464-00204687 important painter of the little africa
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00735-00204688-00204838 is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00736-00204839-00205158 was a composer a black artist and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00737-00205159-00205534 painter in the 60s and 50s and he became
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00738-00205535-00205798 famous for being one of the artists that
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00739-00205800-00206046 mostly represented the lives of people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00740-00206048-00206271 in the little african empires
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00741-00206271-00206558 region this room here specifically is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00742-00206559-00206934 one of my favorites it's very beautiful
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00743-00206935-00207255 bringing a lot of our ancestry and roots
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00744-00207256-00207510 so i hope you come to see the exhibition
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00745-00207511-00207671 here in person
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00746-00207671-00207790 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00747-00207791-00207982 with that introduction that i'm giving
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00748-00207983-00208342 when you come to rio you have you you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00749-00208344-00208703 have an idea of a lot of our culture of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00750-00208704-00208942 who we are how we connect
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00751-00208944-00209279 and uh through our ancestry
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00752-00209280-00209431 now i'm
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00753-00209432-00209791 going to the last uh room uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00754-00209792-00210046 that i will showcase i'm not showing
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00755-00210048-00210246 everything as i said
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00756-00210248-00210471 just to give you an idea of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00757-00210471-00210887 more historic context
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00758-00210888-00211127 and i'd like to know if you have any
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00759-00211128-00211263 questions
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00760-00211264-00212303 so far
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00761-00212304-00212439 hey katie
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00762-00212440-00212751 welcome
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00763-00212752-00213023 thank you juliana for your support to my
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00764-00213023-00213182 work
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00765-00213183-00213519 i appreciate that a lot
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00766-00213519-00213710 thank you so much
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00767-00213711-00213991 now we are coming to one another very
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00768-00213992-00214127 important
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00769-00214128-00214255 uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00770-00214256-00214510 room of this exhibition
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00771-00214511-00214758 which is very beautiful showcasing some
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00772-00214759-00214942 of the fabrics
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00773-00214944-00215191 of african uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00774-00215192-00215551 patterns
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00775-00215552-00215679 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00776-00215680-00216127 it's related to our origins
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00777-00216128-00216431 black people's experiences in brazil do
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00778-00216432-00216694 not start in brazilian lands but on the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00779-00216696-00216958 other side of the atlantic ocean they
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00780-00216959-00217198 begin with the rupture of african
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00781-00217200-00217510 identities caused by the slave trade
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00782-00217511-00217758 with the physical and symbolic death of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00783-00217759-00218023 millions of people forced to leave their
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00784-00218023-00218134 homeland
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00785-00218135-00218423 the exile affects to this day the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00786-00218423-00218719 afro-brazilians descendants who do not
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00787-00218719-00219063 know the origins of our ancestry
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00788-00219064-00219463 so i like this map here a lot because it
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00789-00219464-00219679 can represent
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00790-00219680-00219823 the the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00791-00219823-00219919 force
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00792-00219919-00220415 migration impose it to african different
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00793-00220416-00220639 thousands of different african people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00794-00220640-00220887 with different cultures and languages to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00795-00220888-00221158 the americas and this is showcasing
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00796-00221159-00221406 specifically to brazil so this is an
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00797-00221407-00221551 opportunity also if you want to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00798-00221552-00221703 understand a little bit more of our
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00799-00221704-00221998 ancestry and our african culture to see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00800-00222000-00222639 some of the people showcased in this map
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00801-00222640-00222958 so if we get closer
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00802-00222959-00223087 then you see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00803-00223088-00223327 that from these ports here in west
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00804-00223328-00223471 africa
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00805-00223471-00223798 the king bundu people the polo congo
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00806-00223800-00223958 congo people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00807-00223959-00225034 pong way shogu
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00808-00225035-00226646 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00809-00226648-00227071 they left ports such as the ports of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00810-00227071-00227198 bengala
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00811-00227200-00227487 luanda in the current angola kabinda
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00812-00227488-00227775 mulenbu luango making the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00813-00227776-00228175 kabinda bay all the way to the angola
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00814-00228176-00228342 route to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00815-00228344-00228503 brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00816-00228504-00228758 to the east side of brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00817-00228759-00229046 being brought to rio de janeiro
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00818-00229048-00229575 so here this is the map from brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00819-00229576-00229967 where we can see the different regions
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00820-00229967-00230263 the south
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00821-00230264-00230551 the southeast
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00822-00230552-00230679 in the center
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00823-00230680-00230910 west
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00824-00230911-00231839 the northeast where salvador
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00825-00231840-00232094 these capitals were located and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00826-00232096-00232427 north where the amazon para
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00827-00232428-00232767 atleticians are located as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00828-00232767-00232991 and the amazon forest is located here in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00829-00232992-00233182 this region as well
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00830-00233183-00233519 hi pat hi katie thanks for joining thank
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00831-00233519-00233998 you juliana
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00832-00234000-00234263 amazing tour thank you so much
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00833-00234264-00234567 kelly you speak very clearly and you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00834-00234567-00234663 uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00835-00234664-00234815 a lot about
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00836-00234816-00235006 it it's a pleasure i hope to be able to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00837-00235007-00235223 attend the next event ah juliana thank
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00838-00235223-00235631 you sweet thank you so much
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00839-00235632-00235998 we have about um let me see 10 minutes
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00840-00236000-00236231 of tour around that so we will finish
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00841-00236232-00236598 into the closing we also
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00842-00236600-00236671 the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00843-00236671-00236887 colonizers portuguese dutch with the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00844-00236888-00237119 west windows company west in this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00845-00237119-00237223 company
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00846-00237223-00237342 and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00847-00237344-00237606 the east indies company they also took
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00848-00237607-00237863 people from the east of africa and the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00849-00237864-00238087 region that today is the mozambique from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00850-00238088-00238398 the port of these islands of zanzibar
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00851-00238400-00238798 and mozambique with the provo yao
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00852-00238800-00239431 from zanzibar the people arabs
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00853-00239432-00239694 and they came through all these routes
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00854-00239696-00239863 on the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00855-00239864-00240310 vedas the slave ships making crosses of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00856-00240311-00240446 two months
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00857-00240448-00240606 in very
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00858-00240607-00240887 horrendous conditions in this crossing
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00859-00240888-00241071 where mostly people
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00860-00241071-00241334 big amount of people died on their way
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00861-00241335-00241519 of diseases
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00862-00241519-00241734 lack of food
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00863-00241735-00241951 and um
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00864-00241952-00242223 and the the i don't know various in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00865-00242223-00242575 english uh it was a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00866-00242576-00242710 an epidemic
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00867-00242711-00242871 a virus
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00868-00242871-00243055 they would die on the way crossing the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00869-00243056-00243215 atlantic
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00870-00243216-00243527 and from here many of them would be
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00871-00243528-00243798 from on the atlantic ocean so the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00872-00243800-00243967 deepest no
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00873-00243967-00244079 ocean
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00874-00244080-00244334 will have remains of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00875-00244335-00244623 one of the biggest genocides in history
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00876-00244623-00244903 and still as brazilians
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00877-00244904-00245167 this reparation wasn't made what we see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00878-00245167-00245415 from our vulnerable population on the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00879-00245416-00245671 streets so this is a story that i share
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00880-00245671-00245958 from hegel needs to be shared more and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00881-00245959-00246255 more and generate more impact i hope
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00882-00246256-00246510 that i can touch your heart to get to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00883-00246511-00246823 know more about your descendancy and how
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00884-00246823-00247030 we connect in this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00885-00247031-00247327 history other with through its wealth
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00886-00247328-00247623 and its sorrows as well because uh the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00887-00247623-00247951 slave trade is a global
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00888-00247952-00248063 phenomenon
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00889-00248064-00248303 and genocidal phenomena that happen in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00890-00248304-00248598 our society and already even though it
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00891-00248600-00248927 seems far away from time it's already a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00892-00248928-00249182 current fact in the world there are
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00893-00249183-00249527 different types of slave trade and of a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00894-00249528-00249727 slave
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00895-00249728-00249894 exploitation
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00896-00249896-00250230 of human being through human being and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00897-00250231-00250423 we were all connecting since the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00898-00250423-00250623 beginning of times
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00899-00250623-00250887 in our people and the colonizers talking
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00900-00250888-00251127 about modern types
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00901-00251128-00251239 the modern
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00902-00251240-00251623 times they have and you in europe has a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00903-00251623-00252110 lot to do with that crime that happened
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00904-00252111-00252398 so many of the wealth that you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00905-00252400-00252591 that you uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00906-00252592-00252894 take advantage of today is
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00907-00252896-00253103 to remember that it was connected in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00908-00253104-00253598 your past to the exploitation of africa
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00909-00253600-00253975 of the colonies throughout the world
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00910-00253976-00254206 brazil unfortunately
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00911-00254207-00254575 is a still a colony of exploration and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00912-00254576-00254742 exploitation
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00913-00254744-00254934 what makes a difference between the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00914-00254935-00255294 colony of occupation that took place in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00915-00255296-00255487 the united states
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00916-00255488-00255815 now i would like to close the tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00917-00255816-00256142 with this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00918-00256144-00256310 from the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00919-00256311-00256623 yoruba philosophy and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00920-00256623-00256887 religion
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00921-00256888-00257198 talking about the odisha issue
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00922-00257200-00257455 issue can you hear me
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00923-00257456-00257558 ishu
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00924-00257559-00257951 throws a stone today and kills a bird of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00925-00257952-00258079 yesterday
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00926-00258080-00258334 this is a yoruba saiyan
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00927-00258335-00258623 the yoruba culture also descendant of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00928-00258623-00258934 the oyo empire is subdivided into
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00929-00258935-00259071 several groups
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00930-00259071-00259379 such as
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00931-00259380-00259727 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00932-00259728-00260055 and more others today they mostly occupy
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00933-00260056-00260351 the region of southeast nigeria although
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00934-00260352-00260687 they are also to be found in benin
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00935-00260688-00260958 togo and ghana in the diaspora they
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00936-00260959-00261198 played an important role in the creation
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00937-00261200-00261542 of the odisha's religion condomble ketu
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00938-00261544-00261671 or nago
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00939-00261671-00261942 and also umbanda issue
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00940-00261944-00262175 throws a stone today
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00941-00262176-00262815 and accused a bird of yesterday
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00942-00262816-00262960 is the messenger
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00943-00262961-00263095 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00944-00263096-00263263 and i live with you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00945-00263264-00263439 this messenger
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00946-00263440-00263679 asking you climbing for the philosophy
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00947-00263680-00263855 of ubuntu
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00948-00263856-00264191 ubuntu because i am
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00949-00264192-00264439 because we are and if we can promote
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00950-00264440-00264791 change in our world we just can do it if
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00951-00264792-00265087 we support each other for change
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00952-00265088-00265223 this work
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00953-00265224-00265471 last week that i showcased is from rona
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00954-00265472-00265575 artist
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00955-00265576-00265775 an honor to ocean
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00956-00265776-00266023 the goddess of the waterfalls and sweet
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00957-00266024-00266399 waters
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00958-00266400-00266671 which i already also talked about her in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00959-00266672-00266782 the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00960-00266783-00267066 women of ashe
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00961-00267067-00267430 [Music]
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00962-00267431-00267855 so i i saw the wi-fi signal was a little
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00963-00267856-00268047 choppy i didn't i hope it didn't
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00964-00268048-00268215 compromise the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00965-00268216-00268447 the streaming here for you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00966-00268448-00268710 and now i'm coming outside of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00967-00268711-00268895 building to show you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00968-00268896-00269191 a little bit of the building from its
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00969-00269192-00269319 facade
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00970-00269320-00269534 but also
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00971-00269535-00269623 to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00972-00269624-00269847 give you an opportunity to take uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00973-00269848-00270039 pictures ah okay
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00974-00270040-00270247 i haven't done that i could make a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00975-00270248-00270479 composition here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00976-00270480-00270847 and you can have a postcard of this
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00977-00270848-00271103 of this entrance
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00978-00271104-00271367 with the name of the museum
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00979-00271368-00272143 okay
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00980-00272144-00272319 five
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00981-00272320-00272423 four
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00982-00272424-00272534 three
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00983-00272535-00272671 two
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00984-00272672-00272823 one
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00985-00272824-00273039 so you can remember the museum name and
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00986-00273040-00273319 now i'm gonna show you from the outside
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00987-00273320-00273863 as you see this street here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00988-00273864-00274119 the street here is uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00989-00274120-00274271 it's not large
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00990-00274272-00274463 so i don't know if you will have
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00991-00274464-00274687 enough room to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00992-00274688-00274895 show you the whole building with the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00993-00274896-00275175 camera that we hold here but i'm gonna
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00994-00275176-00275263 check
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00995-00275264-00275551 mukabe museum
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00996-00275552-00275727 and there is another
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00997-00275728-00275910 beautiful
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00998-00275911-00276263 uh image of the museum here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-00999-00276264-00276463 with the statue
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01000-00276464-00276663 but because of the sun
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01001-00276664-00276887 i think it's against
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01002-00276888-00277206 it's against the light the vlt is coming
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01003-00277207-00277367 so i'm gonna go to the other side of the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01004-00277368-00278239 street
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01005-00278240-00278991 let's see
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01006-00278992-00279134 yeah from the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01007-00279135-00279327 space we have here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01008-00279328-00279479 i will not have
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01009-00279480-00279663 enough room to show you the whole
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01010-00279664-00280406 building but now the vlc is coming
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01011-00280407-00280591 and i'm gonna give you uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01012-00280592-00280895 five seconds to make your postcard
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01013-00280896-00281255 before we close this tour okay
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01014-00281256-00281606 five
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01015-00281607-00281751 four
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01016-00281752-00281895 three
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01017-00281896-00282039 two
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01018-00282040-00283367 one
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01019-00283368-00283599 thank you so much
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01020-00283600-00283791 thank you all of you who are presence
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01021-00283792-00283903 here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01022-00283904-00284087 i hope you appreciate it to learn a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01023-00284088-00284327 little bit more of our culture
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01024-00284328-00284582 and it was for me a great pleasure to
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01025-00284583-00284806 share here with you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01026-00284807-00285134 and if you like this stories please
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01027-00285135-00285343 share with your friends
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01028-00285344-00285671 follow the channel
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01029-00285672-00285975 remembering that this uh on my channel
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01030-00285976-00286175 is rio and cantos
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01031-00286176-00286463 thank you juliana re-encounters on
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01032-00286464-00286719 instagram the tours on hey goldie are
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01033-00286720-00286871 chip based
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01034-00286872-00287239 so i also make a living of the as a tour
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01035-00287240-00287391 guide in brazil
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01036-00287392-00287575 and if you can support
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01037-00287576-00287815 by following spreading the word about
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01038-00287816-00287934 coming here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01039-00287935-00288127 taking a tour with me
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01040-00288128-00288223 uh
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01041-00288224-00288295 if
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01042-00288296-00288591 the walking tours are around 20 20
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01043-00288592-00288830 dollars per person
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01044-00288831-00289063 and we make different historic cultural
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01045-00289064-00289279 tours in the city also promoting
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01046-00289280-00289567 experiences with our network of local
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01047-00289568-00289895 guides thank you so much thank you also
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01048-00289896-00290175 juliana for your support thank you all
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01049-00290176-00290367 of you who are present
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01050-00290368-00290519 and see you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01051-00290520-00290791 later today i will be featuring making a
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01052-00290792-00290943 streaming from
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01053-00290944-00291015 the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01054-00291016-00291230 festival of coffee brazilian coffee
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01055-00291231-00291639 festival in a very nice public park of
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01056-00291640-00291895 the paris square in rio de janeiro in
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01057-00291896-00292191 the city center so please come join me
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01058-00292192-00292534 it's gonna be in about let me see it's 2
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01059-00292535-00293006 p.m now almost here in about 2 hours
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01060-00293007-00293271 and 15 minutes i will be there at the
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01061-00293272-00293510 paris square in rio de janeiro city
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01062-00293511-00293863 center showing the brazilian
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01063-00293864-00294119 buffy festival which is a very nice
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01064-00294120-00294254 street art
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01065-00294255-00294582 a street food
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01066-00294583-00294734 festival but
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01067-00294735-00294991 showcasing our good coffee that we have
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01068-00294992-00295071 here
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01069-00295072-00295454 okay with nice people and street food
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01070-00295455-00295775 booths fans and see you soon see you
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01071-00295776-00295871 there
+cZuyOMS_jS4-01072-00295872-00296196 bye bye