For most patients, COVID-19 begins and ends in their lungs, because like the flu, coronaviruses are respiratory diseases

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

In this study, we collected blood from COVID-19 patients who have recently become virus-free and therefore were discharged, and analyzed their SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses. We observed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in the patients. Both were detected in newly discharged patients, suggesting both participate in immune-mediated protection to viral infection.


For most patients, COVID-19 begins and ends in their lungs, because like the flu, coronaviruses are respiratory diseases

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


For most patients, COVID-19 begins and ends in their lungs, because like the flu, coronaviruses are respiratory diseases

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


For most patients, COVID-19 begins and ends in their lungs, because like the flu, coronaviruses are respiratory diseases

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

However, wearing N95 respirators can prevent 73 more (95% CI 46-91) clinical respiratory infections per 1000 HCWs compared to surgical masks (2 RCTs; 2594 patients; low quality of evidence).


Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

three double-layer materials including double-layer medical non-woven fabric, medical non-woven fabric plus non-woven shopping bag, and medical non-woven fabric plus granular tea towel could meet all the standards of pressure difference, particle filtration efficiency, and resistance to surface wetting, and were close to the standard of the bacterial filtration efficiency; homemade masks using available materials can minimize the chance of infection to the maximum extent.


Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Herein, we report that nosocomial infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be mitigated by using surgical masks and closed looped ventilation for both non-critical and critical patients.


Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

However, masks alone may not greatly slow down the COVID-19 pandemic unless they are coupled with adequate social distancing, diligent hand hygiene, and other proven preventive measures.


Unexpected Cause of Death in Younger COVID-19 Patients is Related to Blood Clotting

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Lack of personal protective equipment was cited as a common cause of death.


Unexpected Cause of Death in Younger COVID-19 Patients is Related to Blood Clotting

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Compared to the recovered group, more patients in the death group exhibited characteristics of advanced age, pre-existing comorbidities, dyspnea, oxygen saturation decrease, increased WBC count, decreased lymphocytes, and elevated CRP levels.


Ultraviolet lamps kill the COVID-19 virus.

Question: Does UV light help in preventing covid-19?

This in vitro study demonstrated that irradiation with a deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode (DUV-LED) of 280 5 nm wavelength rapidly inactivates SARS-CoV-2 obtained from a COVID-19 patient.


Ultraviolet lamps kill the COVID-19 virus.

Question: Does UV light help in preventing covid-19?

UV-C irradiation is highly effective in inactivating and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication


Ultraviolet lamps kill the COVID-19 virus.

Question: Does UV light help in preventing covid-19?

Using published data from various sources it is shown that the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, is highly likely to be susceptible to UV damage while suspended in air irradiated by UV-C at levels that are acceptable and safe for upper-room applications.


the virus can stay on surfaces long enough to be a source of transmission

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The most common coronaviruses may well survive or persist on surfaces for up to one month.


the virus can stay on surfaces long enough to be a source of transmission

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Frequent touching of contaminated surfaces in public areas is therefore a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.


the virus can stay on surfaces long enough to be a source of transmission

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The contaminated surface environment in hospitals plays an important role in the transmission of several key nosocomial pathogens including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., Clostridium difficile, Acinetobacter spp., and norovirus.


the virus can stay on surfaces long enough to be a source of transmission

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The risk of transmission via touching contaminated paper is low.


drugs (Anti-inflammatory drugs, which includes steroids such as prednisone and non-steroidal drugs like ibuprofen) are helpful for symptomatic treatment only and are not a cure. By decreasing inflammation, they can decrease pain, swelling, redness and other symptoms that may be associated with inflammation.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

The Expert Working Group on the Commission of Human Medicines in the UK and other organizations have stated that there is insufficient evidence to establish a link between ibuprofen and susceptibility to or exacerbation of COVID-19.


drugs (Anti-inflammatory drugs, which includes steroids such as prednisone and non-steroidal drugs like ibuprofen) are helpful for symptomatic treatment only and are not a cure. By decreasing inflammation, they can decrease pain, swelling, redness and other symptoms that may be associated with inflammation.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

At this time, there is no supporting evidence to discourage the use of ibuprofen.


drugs (Anti-inflammatory drugs, which includes steroids such as prednisone and non-steroidal drugs like ibuprofen) are helpful for symptomatic treatment only and are not a cure. By decreasing inflammation, they can decrease pain, swelling, redness and other symptoms that may be associated with inflammation.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of COVID-19 patients, ibuprofen use was not associated with worse clinical outcomes, compared with paracetamol or no antipyretic.


drugs (Anti-inflammatory drugs, which includes steroids such as prednisone and non-steroidal drugs like ibuprofen) are helpful for symptomatic treatment only and are not a cure. By decreasing inflammation, they can decrease pain, swelling, redness and other symptoms that may be associated with inflammation.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

However, available data from limited studies show administration of recombinant ACE2 improves lung damage caused by respiratory viruses, suggesting ibuprofen use may be beneficial in COVID-19 disease.


Wearing a surgical face mask probably won't keep you from getting sick

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Together, this study suggested that medical masks are adequate for use on most social occasions, and both medical masks and N95 masks can be reused for a few days with steam decontamination between use.


Wearing a surgical face mask probably won't keep you from getting sick

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings;


Wearing a surgical face mask probably won't keep you from getting sick

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


Wearing a surgical face mask probably won't keep you from getting sick

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We find that the critical mask adherence is 5 per 100 when 80% wear face masks.


covid-19 patients taking hydroxychloroquine do not benefit

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

There is theoretical, experimental, preclinical and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of chloroquine in patients affected with COVID-19.


covid-19 patients taking hydroxychloroquine do not benefit

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

The available evidence suggests that CQ or HCQ does not improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19.


covid-19 patients taking hydroxychloroquine do not benefit

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

We found that fatalities are 18.8% (9/48) in HCQ group, which is significantly lower than 47.4% (238/502) in the NHCQ group (P<0.001). The time of hospital stay before patient death is 15 (10-21) days and 8 (4-14) days for the HCQ and NHCQ groups, respectively (P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 were significantly reduced from 22.2 (8.3-118.9) pg mL-1 at the beginning of the treatment to 5.2 (3.0-23.4) pg mL-1 (P<0.05) at the end of the treatment in the HCQ group but there is no change in the NHCQ group.


covid-19 patients taking hydroxychloroquine do not benefit

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

mortality rate was increased when the treatment was conducted with hydroxychloroquine.


Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel (new) coronavirus, one that has not been previously identified in humans, and is responsible for an outbreak of respiratory illness that became a global pandemic in 2020.

Question: Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

The patient was seriously ill, who felt that he suffered from fever, fatigue, cough, and expectoration and sought medical treatment, with a history of contact with Wuhan


Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel (new) coronavirus, one that has not been previously identified in humans, and is responsible for an outbreak of respiratory illness that became a global pandemic in 2020.

Question: Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

A number of COVIN-19 cases with conjunctivitis or conjunctivitis as the first symptom have been observed in our clinical work.


Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel (new) coronavirus, one that has not been previously identified in humans, and is responsible for an outbreak of respiratory illness that became a global pandemic in 2020.

Question: Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

The pathogen was proved to be a novel betacoronavirus called 2019 novel coronavirus (officially named by the World Health Organization as COVID-19). The typical clinical manifestations were fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgia or fatigue. Less common symptoms included headache, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.


Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel (new) coronavirus, one that has not been previously identified in humans, and is responsible for an outbreak of respiratory illness that became a global pandemic in 2020.

Question: Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of one COVIN-19 patient with conjunctivitis as the first symptom and one COVIN-19 patient with conjunctivitis.


There are an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

The results suggest the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir as potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 since they tightly bind to its RdRp. In addition, the results suggest guanosine derivative (IDX-184), Setrobuvir, and YAK as top seeds for antiviral treatments with high potential to fight the SARS-CoV-2 strain specifically.


There are an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


There are an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


There are an urgent need for antivirals to treat the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


While there is very limited data (and none specific for COVID-19), the following cocktail may have a role in the prevention/mitigation of COVID-19 disease. Vitamin C 500 mg BID and Quercetin 250 mg daily Zinc 75-100 mg/day

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

The majority of documents encouraged the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods. Thirty-one percent of the guidelines highlighted the importance of minerals and vitamins such as zinc and vitamins C, A, and D to maintain a well-functioning immune system.


While there is very limited data (and none specific for COVID-19), the following cocktail may have a role in the prevention/mitigation of COVID-19 disease. Vitamin C 500 mg BID and Quercetin 250 mg daily Zinc 75-100 mg/day

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention. However, supplementation with vitamins C and D, as well as with zinc and selenium, was highlighted as potentially beneficial for individuals with, or at risk of, respiratory viral infections or for those in whom nutrient deficiency is detected.


While there is very limited data (and none specific for COVID-19), the following cocktail may have a role in the prevention/mitigation of COVID-19 disease. Vitamin C 500 mg BID and Quercetin 250 mg daily Zinc 75-100 mg/day

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


While there is very limited data (and none specific for COVID-19), the following cocktail may have a role in the prevention/mitigation of COVID-19 disease. Vitamin C 500 mg BID and Quercetin 250 mg daily Zinc 75-100 mg/day

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


masks protect you as the wearer and protects others

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

In this study, we demonstrated, using avian coronavirus of infectious bronchitis virus to mimic SARSCoV2, that medical masks and N95 masks remained their blocking efficacy after being steamed on boiling water even for 2 hours.


masks protect you as the wearer and protects others

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We find that the critical mask adherence is 5 per 100 when 80% wear face masks.


masks protect you as the wearer and protects others

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


masks protect you as the wearer and protects others

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is currently no indication that feline- or canine-to-human transmission can occur, though there is rising evidence of the reverse.


Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Although a few pets presented many clinical signs indicative for a coronavirus infection, no animal tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and no antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detectable in their blood using an immunoprecipitation assay.


Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Notification of presumptive positive animal test results triggered a One Health* investigation by state and federal partners, who determined that no further transmission events to other animals or persons had occurred.


Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Experimental data showed ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne route.


UVC wands kill viruses. They're also a 'major safety issue

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

By extrapolating effectiveness of hand sanitizers on viruses of similar structure to SARS-CoV-2, this virus should be effectively inactivated with current hand hygiene products


UVC wands kill viruses. They're also a 'major safety issue

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

The index of India has remained very low (161) so far, mainly due to early implementation of social lockdown, social distancing, and sanitizing hands.


UVC wands kill viruses. They're also a 'major safety issue

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

There is currently no vaccine for COVID-19, leaving governments and public health agencies with little defense against the virus aside from advising or enforcing best practices for virus transmission prevention, which include hand-washing, physical distancing, use of face covers, and use of effective disinfectants.


UVC wands kill viruses. They're also a 'major safety issue

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

Most alcohol based hand sanitizers are effective at inactivating enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses.


Early studies have found that cats are the animals most likely to catch the new coronavirus. They can also show symptoms of COVID-19 and might be able to pass it to other cats.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can infect felines, dogs and minks, and there is evidence of human-to-animal infection.


Early studies have found that cats are the animals most likely to catch the new coronavirus. They can also show symptoms of COVID-19 and might be able to pass it to other cats.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Experimental data showed ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne route.


Early studies have found that cats are the animals most likely to catch the new coronavirus. They can also show symptoms of COVID-19 and might be able to pass it to other cats.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is currently no indication that feline- or canine-to-human transmission can occur, though there is rising evidence of the reverse.


Early studies have found that cats are the animals most likely to catch the new coronavirus. They can also show symptoms of COVID-19 and might be able to pass it to other cats.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.


The most effective way to protect yourself against the new coronavirus is by frequently cleaning your hands with alcohol-based hand

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

Among the basic protective measures against COVID-19, the need to wash hands frequently and in a prolonged way using soap, and to regularly use alcohol-based hand sanitizers is well established for the whole population.


The most effective way to protect yourself against the new coronavirus is by frequently cleaning your hands with alcohol-based hand

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

While it remains much too early to determine precisely how alcohol use might affect risk for or progression of COVID19, any efforts to connect the dots from past alcohol research would suggest it wise for nondrinkers and lowrisk drinkers to maintain that status during this public health crisis.


No experts are remotely advocating for people to take up smoking to prevent COVID-19, but some researchers have theorized nicotine may be playing some role in keeping the virus at bay

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis smoking is linked with poor respiratory health, immunosuppression and multiple contaminants. Potential synergism between the two epidemics would represent a major public health convergence. Cigarettes were implicated with disease severity in Wuhan, China.


No experts are remotely advocating for people to take up smoking to prevent COVID-19, but some researchers have theorized nicotine may be playing some role in keeping the virus at bay

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Epidemiological and laboratory research seems to suggest that smoking and perhaps nicotine alone could reduce the severity of COVID-19.


No experts are remotely advocating for people to take up smoking to prevent COVID-19, but some researchers have theorized nicotine may be playing some role in keeping the virus at bay

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

These findings indicate that these comorbidities are not only associated with severity of disease but also predispose for getting Covid-19.


it appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals after close contact with people with COVID-19

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

A novel coronavirus emerged in human populations and spread rapidly to cause the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.


it appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals after close contact with people with COVID-19

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

It is known that transmission from person to person is the most important way to spread.


it appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals after close contact with people with COVID-19

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human.


it appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals after close contact with people with COVID-19

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

In 2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) caused one of the most devastating epidemics known to the developed world.


there is no scientific evidence establishing a link between ibuprofen and worsening of covid-19

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

The Expert Working Group on the Commission of Human Medicines in the UK and other organizations have stated that there is insufficient evidence to establish a link between ibuprofen and susceptibility to or exacerbation of COVID-19.


there is no scientific evidence establishing a link between ibuprofen and worsening of covid-19

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

When compared with exclusive paracetamol users, no differences were observed in mortality rates or the need for respiratory support among patients using ibuprofen.


there is no scientific evidence establishing a link between ibuprofen and worsening of covid-19

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

Concern about the appropriate role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in COVID-19 speculate that NSAIDs, in particular ibuprofen, may upregulate the entry point for the virus, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 receptors and increase susceptibility to the virus or worsen symptoms in existing disease.


there is no scientific evidence establishing a link between ibuprofen and worsening of covid-19

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

For NSAIDs, there is no clear scientific evidence linking ibuprofen and other NSAIDs to worsening of COVID-19; however, it seems prudent to continue them, if necessary to control pericarditis, and on the other hand, to prefer paracetamol for fever and systemic symptoms related to COVID-19.


the Covid-19 coronavirus can stay on various surfaces for a while

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Our findings of extensive viral RNA contamination of surfaces and air across a range of acute healthcare settings in the absence of cultured virus underlines the potential risk from surface and air contamination in managing COVID-19, and the need for effective use of PPE, social distancing, and hand/surface hygiene.


the Covid-19 coronavirus can stay on various surfaces for a while

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is transmitted by person-to-person contact, via airborne droplets, or through contact with contaminated surfaces.


the Covid-19 coronavirus can stay on various surfaces for a while

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The contaminated surface environment in hospitals plays an important role in the transmission of several key nosocomial pathogens including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., Clostridium difficile, Acinetobacter spp., and norovirus.


the Covid-19 coronavirus can stay on various surfaces for a while

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The most common coronaviruses may well survive or persist on surfaces for up to one month.


wearing a mask helps stop infected people from spreading the new coronavirus to others.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We identified seasonal human coronaviruses, influenza viruses and rhinoviruses in exhaled breath and coughs of children and adults with acute respiratory illness.


wearing a mask helps stop infected people from spreading the new coronavirus to others.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


wearing a mask helps stop infected people from spreading the new coronavirus to others.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


wearing a mask helps stop infected people from spreading the new coronavirus to others.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


Hot weather can spread the virus more as it may get you more out there, make you more mobile and you would actually interact with more people

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

The current study focuses on the relationship between environmental parameters and the growth rate of COVID-19. The statistical analysis suggests that the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28C and +14.51C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth.


Hot weather can spread the virus more as it may get you more out there, make you more mobile and you would actually interact with more people

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Preliminary observations from our team and others suggest that temperature and climatological factors could influence the spread of this novel coronavirus


Hot weather can spread the virus more as it may get you more out there, make you more mobile and you would actually interact with more people

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-16 cases/day with a 1{degrees}C rise in temperature


Hot weather can spread the virus more as it may get you more out there, make you more mobile and you would actually interact with more people

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

We show that the delay between exposure and detection of infection complicates the estimation of weather impact on COVID-19 transmission, potentially explaining significant variability in results to-date


There is also evidence that smokers in hospital who have coronavirus are at a higher risk than non-smokers of severe illness and death. While it's important to prevent getting COVID-19 in the first place, it's also essential that we do all we can to keep our lungs healthy to avoid the worst affects of the disease.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Smoking has complicated effects on the immune system involving both up and down regulation, any of which might alone or in concert antagonize progression of COVID-19.


There is also evidence that smokers in hospital who have coronavirus are at a higher risk than non-smokers of severe illness and death. While it's important to prevent getting COVID-19 in the first place, it's also essential that we do all we can to keep our lungs healthy to avoid the worst affects of the disease.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Our findings support a causal effect of elevated BMI and smoking on risk of sepsis and severe covid-19.


There is also evidence that smokers in hospital who have coronavirus are at a higher risk than non-smokers of severe illness and death. While it's important to prevent getting COVID-19 in the first place, it's also essential that we do all we can to keep our lungs healthy to avoid the worst affects of the disease.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

These findings indicate that these comorbidities are not only associated with severity of disease but also predispose for getting Covid-19.


There is also evidence that smokers in hospital who have coronavirus are at a higher risk than non-smokers of severe illness and death. While it's important to prevent getting COVID-19 in the first place, it's also essential that we do all we can to keep our lungs healthy to avoid the worst affects of the disease.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

At this time there is no clear evidence that smoking is protective against COVID-19, so the established recommendations to avoid smoking should be emphasized.


the risk of pets spreading Covid-19 to humans is considered 'medium'

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.


the risk of pets spreading Covid-19 to humans is considered 'medium'

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Experimental data showed ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne route.


the risk of pets spreading Covid-19 to humans is considered 'medium'

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

The examination of these findings and the particular role of animals in COVID-19 should be carefully analyzed in order to establish preparation and containment measures.


the risk of pets spreading Covid-19 to humans is considered 'medium'

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Although there is currently no evidence that animals play a substantial role in spreading COVID-19, CDC advises persons with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to restrict contact with animals during their illness and to monitor any animals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and separate them from other persons and animals at home (1).


Covid-19 is infecting quite a few people, many with vicious effects.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

The recently discovered novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus), has brought the whole world to standstill with critical challenges, affecting both health and economic sectors worldwide.


Covid-19 is infecting quite a few people, many with vicious effects.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Male, aged over 65, smoking patients might face a greater risk of developing into the critical or mortal condition and the comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory diseases could also greatly affect the prognosis of the COVID-19.


Covid-19 is infecting quite a few people, many with vicious effects.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Male, older than 65, and smoking were risk factors for disease progression in patients with COVID-19 (male: OR=1.76, 95% CI (1.41, 2.18), P < 0.00001;


Covid-19 is infecting quite a few people, many with vicious effects.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Since many articles have reported the effect of smoking (tobacco and cannabis) and vaping in cerebrovascular and neurological systems, and considering that smokers are more prone to viral and bacterial infection compared to non-smokers, it is high time to explore the probable correlation of smoking in COVID-19 patients.


In severe cases of COVID-19, activation patterns of B cells resemble those seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease. Emory researchers want to see how far that resemblance extends.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Distinguishing pre-existing and de novo antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 will be critical for serology, seroprevalence and vaccine studies, as well as for our understanding of susceptibility to and natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.


In severe cases of COVID-19, activation patterns of B cells resemble those seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease. Emory researchers want to see how far that resemblance extends.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


In severe cases of COVID-19, activation patterns of B cells resemble those seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease. Emory researchers want to see how far that resemblance extends.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


In severe cases of COVID-19, activation patterns of B cells resemble those seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease. Emory researchers want to see how far that resemblance extends.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


The main warning signs of COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus, are fever, fatigue, and a dry cough.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Acute abdomen as an early symptom of COVID-19.


The main warning signs of COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus, are fever, fatigue, and a dry cough.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Symptom in COVID-19 Screening


The main warning signs of COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus, are fever, fatigue, and a dry cough.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

In our cohort, ODs were an early symptom of COVID-19


The main warning signs of COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus, are fever, fatigue, and a dry cough.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Anosmia and ageusia have recently been hinted as significant early symptoms in COVID-19.


There's No Evidence That Vitamin-D Prevents Coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Europe, there were no correlations for both recovery (r= 0.040) and mortality rate (r= -0.035).


There's No Evidence That Vitamin-D Prevents Coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


There's No Evidence That Vitamin-D Prevents Coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


It's worth noting that there isn't a lot of data on what can kill SARS-CoV-2-the virus that causes coronavirus COVID-19-on surfaces

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

In Unani medicine, during an epidemic, apart from isolation and quarantine, three measures are of utmost importance, (i) purification of surroundings using certain herbal drugs as fumigants or sprays, (ii) health promotion and immune-modulation, and (iii) use of health-protecting drugs and symptom-specific drugs. Drugs such as loban (Styrax benzoides W. G. Craib), sandroos (Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertn.) za'fran (Crocus sativus L.), vinegar etc. are prescribed in various forms.


It's worth noting that there isn't a lot of data on what can kill SARS-CoV-2-the virus that causes coronavirus COVID-19-on surfaces

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

As discussed in this review, till effective vaccines and treatments emerge, it is important to understand the scientific rationale of pandemic-mitigation strategies such as wearing facemasks and social distancing, and implement them.


It's worth noting that there isn't a lot of data on what can kill SARS-CoV-2-the virus that causes coronavirus COVID-19-on surfaces

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Considering its potential benefits and high availability, acetic acid disinfection appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy in cases of non-severe COVID-19 and deserves further investigation.


It's worth noting that there isn't a lot of data on what can kill SARS-CoV-2-the virus that causes coronavirus COVID-19-on surfaces

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Numerous clinical trials have been launched to identify effective treatments for COVID-19. Initial data from a placebo-controlled study suggest faster time to recovery in patients on remdesivir; it is now being evaluated in additional controlled studies.


Vitamin B could help prevent the 'worst outcomes' in covid-19 cases

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

We identified a total of 17 patients who received IV vitamin C for COVID-19. The inpatient mortality rate in this series was 12% with 17.6% rates of intubation and mechanical ventilation. We noted a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, including ferritin and D-dimer, and a trend to decreasing FiO2 requirements, after vitamin C administration.


Vitamin B could help prevent the 'worst outcomes' in covid-19 cases

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Although COVID-19 can be rapidly diagnosed, efficient clinical treatment of COVID-19 remains unavailable, resulting in high fatality.


Vitamin B could help prevent the 'worst outcomes' in covid-19 cases

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


Vitamin B could help prevent the 'worst outcomes' in covid-19 cases

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

CONCLUSION The use of IV vitamin C in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease may be feasible.


Smoking is a risk factor for COVID-19 patients, but one particular substance in cigarettes - nicotine - might prevent infection in some people, or improve COVID-19 prognosis

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


Smoking is a risk factor for COVID-19 patients, but one particular substance in cigarettes - nicotine - might prevent infection in some people, or improve COVID-19 prognosis

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Higher genetically proxied BMI and lifetime smoking score were associated with increased risk of sepsis in both UK Biobank (BMI: odds ratio 1.38 per standard deviation increase, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27 to 1.51


Smoking is a risk factor for COVID-19 patients, but one particular substance in cigarettes - nicotine - might prevent infection in some people, or improve COVID-19 prognosis

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

This suggests that nicotine may have some preventive or modulatory effect on the inflammatory response in the lungs.


Smoking is a risk factor for COVID-19 patients, but one particular substance in cigarettes - nicotine - might prevent infection in some people, or improve COVID-19 prognosis

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Our findings support a causal effect of elevated BMI and smoking on risk of sepsis and severe covid-19.


throwing hot water on ginger as a cure-all for COVID-19

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, several patients with viral pneumonia were identified as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). So far, there are no specific treatments for patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), and the treatments available today are based on previous experience with similar viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Influenza virus.


throwing hot water on ginger as a cure-all for COVID-19

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.


throwing hot water on ginger as a cure-all for COVID-19

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

Hoaxes (such as eating garlic or citrus to prevent COVID-19) were detected in 15 videos (10.9%).


throwing hot water on ginger as a cure-all for COVID-19

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus.


Unfortunately, to date, no vaccines or antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection by regulatory agencies.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

The results suggest the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir as potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 since they tightly bind to its RdRp. In addition, the results suggest guanosine derivative (IDX-184), Setrobuvir, and YAK as top seeds for antiviral treatments with high potential to fight the SARS-CoV-2 strain specifically.


Unfortunately, to date, no vaccines or antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection by regulatory agencies.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


Unfortunately, to date, no vaccines or antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection by regulatory agencies.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


Unfortunately, to date, no vaccines or antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection by regulatory agencies.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


the warmer weather will slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


the warmer weather will slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

We show that the delay between exposure and detection of infection complicates the estimation of weather impact on COVID-19 transmission, potentially explaining significant variability in results to-date


the warmer weather will slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


the warmer weather will slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-17 cases/day with a 1C rise in temperature.


there are few novel sars-cov-2 cases in malaria countries because of the use of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

HCQ should be prescribed as a part of treatment for critically ill COVID-19 patients, with possible outcome of saving lives.


there are few novel sars-cov-2 cases in malaria countries because of the use of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

mortality rate was increased when the treatment was conducted with hydroxychloroquine.


there are few novel sars-cov-2 cases in malaria countries because of the use of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

patients treated with HCQ at the time of early hospital recovered faster than those who treated later or taken as second line choose for their obvious shorter hospitalization time.


there are few novel sars-cov-2 cases in malaria countries because of the use of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

There is theoretical, experimental, preclinical and clinical evidence of the effectiveness of chloroquine in patients affected with COVID-19.


Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, several patients with viral pneumonia were identified as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). So far, there are no specific treatments for patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), and the treatments available today are based on previous experience with similar viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Influenza virus.


Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

51% will drink ginger with honey and 42.7% eat garlic for infection prevention.


Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus.


Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

Hoaxes (such as eating garlic or citrus to prevent COVID-19) were detected in 15 videos (10.9%).


Supplements and products unlikely to help with coronavirus and could be dangerous

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Although COVID-19 can be rapidly diagnosed, efficient clinical treatment of COVID-19 remains unavailable, resulting in high fatality.


Supplements and products unlikely to help with coronavirus and could be dangerous

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

The majority of documents encouraged the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods. Thirty-one percent of the guidelines highlighted the importance of minerals and vitamins such as zinc and vitamins C, A, and D to maintain a well-functioning immune system.


Supplements and products unlikely to help with coronavirus and could be dangerous

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


Supplements and products unlikely to help with coronavirus and could be dangerous

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


Masks do reduce spread of flu and some COVID-19

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We present two models for the COVID-19 pandemic predicting the impact of universal face mask wearing upon the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus--one employing a stochastic dynamic network based compartmental SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) approach, and the other employing individual ABM (agent-based modelling) Monte Carlo simulation--indicating (1) significant impact under (near) universal masking when at least 80% of a population is wearing masks, versus minimal impact when only 50% or less of the population is wearing masks, and (2) significant impact when universal masking is adopted early, by Day 50 of a regional outbreak, versus minimal impact when universal masking is adopted late.


Masks do reduce spread of flu and some COVID-19

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV2 is a rapidly spreading global pandemic. Although precise transmission routes and dynamics are unknown, SARS-CoV2 is thought primarily to spread via contagious respiratory droplets.


Masks do reduce spread of flu and some COVID-19

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We make 3 key observations: 1. Masks, even with suboptimal efficacy in both prevention of acquisition and transmission of infection, could substantially decrease the reproduction number for COVID-19 if widely used. 2. Widespread masking may be sufficient to suppress epidemics where R has been brought close to 1 via other measures (e.g., distancing). 3. Assortment within populations (the tendency for interactions between masked individuals to be more likely than interactions between masked and unmasked individuals) would rapidly erode the impact of masks.


Masks do reduce spread of flu and some COVID-19

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Model simulations, using data relevant to COVID-19 dynamics in the US states of New York and Washington, suggest that broad adoption of even relatively ineffective face masks may meaningfully reduce community transmission of COVID-19 and decrease peak hospitalizations and deaths.


Wearing the N95 respirator mask can protect against coronavirus

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a trend toward reduced detection of coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets.


Wearing the N95 respirator mask can protect against coronavirus

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Wearing the N95 respirator mask can protect against coronavirus

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


Wearing the N95 respirator mask can protect against coronavirus

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2);


the risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is considered to be low.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Although there is currently no evidence that animals play a substantial role in spreading COVID-19, CDC advises persons with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to restrict contact with animals during their illness and to monitor any animals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and separate them from other persons and animals at home (1).


the risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is considered to be low.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can infect felines, dogs and minks, and there is evidence of human-to-animal infection.


the risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is considered to be low.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.


the risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is considered to be low.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

We found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates poorly in dogs, pigs, chickens, and ducks, but ferrets and cats are permissive to infection.


if you are low risk (healthy, young), you do not need social distancing.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The Australian and New Zealand governments both initiated strict social distancing measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in late March. It remains difficult to quantify the impact this had in reducing the spread of the virus.


if you are low risk (healthy, young), you do not need social distancing.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Our models predict these strict social distancing measures caused a 79% and 61% reduction in the daily cases of COVID-19 across Australia and New Zealand respectively.


if you are low risk (healthy, young), you do not need social distancing.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The decentralized strategy is insufficient when used alone, but offers the best results when combined with the centralized one. Indeed, the (C+D) is the most efficient isolation strategy at mitigating the network superspreaders and reducing the highest node degrees to less than 10% of their initial values.


if you are low risk (healthy, young), you do not need social distancing.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing is associated with a statistically-significant reduction in the doubling rate for all but three states.


No drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COVID-19, although dozens of candidates - including drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, parasites, cancer, and HIV - have been proposed

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

In this review, we will update and summarize the most common and plausible drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. These drugs and therapeutic agents include antiviral agents (remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, lopinavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, and oseltamivir), and supporting agents (Ascorbic acid, Azithromycin, Corticosteroids, Nitric oxide, IL-6 antagonists), among others.


No drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COVID-19, although dozens of candidates - including drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, parasites, cancer, and HIV - have been proposed

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

Here we report on the most recent updates on experimental drugs successfully employed in the treatment of the disease caused by SARS CoV-2 coronavirus, also referred to as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 19).


No drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COVID-19, although dozens of candidates - including drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, parasites, cancer, and HIV - have been proposed

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

Several drugs such as chloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, and favipiravir are currently undergoing clinical studies to test their efficacy and safety in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China; some promising results have been achieved thus far.


No drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COVID-19, although dozens of candidates - including drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, parasites, cancer, and HIV - have been proposed

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

This article summarizes agents with potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.


Based on currently available information, WHO does not recommend against the use of of ibuprofen.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

It was recently suggested that ibuprofen might increase the risk for severe and fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and should therefore be avoided in this patient population.


Based on currently available information, WHO does not recommend against the use of of ibuprofen.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

As fever may have benefit in shortening the duration of viral illness, it is plausible to hypothesize that the antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen may be hindering the benefits of a fever response when taken during the early stages of COVID-19 illness.


Based on currently available information, WHO does not recommend against the use of of ibuprofen.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

There are clearly COVID-19 cases where NSAIDs should not be used, but there is no strong evidence that NSAIDs must be avoided in all patients with COVID-19;


Based on currently available information, WHO does not recommend against the use of of ibuprofen.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

Ibuprofen is an over-the-counter medication that is used widely for the treatment of pain and fever during COVID-19 pandemic.


It appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals in some situations.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


It appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals in some situations.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing is associated with a statistically-significant reduction in the doubling rate for all but three states.


It appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals in some situations.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

counties where the policies have been imposed have effectively increased social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


It appears that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread from people to animals in some situations.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


clinical trials are needed to determine if endogenously created vitamin D could be effective for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


clinical trials are needed to determine if endogenously created vitamin D could be effective for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with increasing age(RR(age<50)=1.05,p<0.021;RR(age[]50)=1.02,p<0.064)), non-white race(RR=2.54,p<0.01) and being likely vitamin D deficient (deficient/treatment-not-increased:RR=1.77,p<0.02) as compared to likely vitamin D sufficient(not-deficient/treatment-not-decreased), with predicted COVID-19 rates in the vitamin D deficient group of 21.6%(95%CI[14.0%-29.2%] ) versus 12.2%(95%CI[8.9%-15.4%]) in the vitamin D sufficient group.


clinical trials are needed to determine if endogenously created vitamin D could be effective for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


clinical trials are needed to determine if endogenously created vitamin D could be effective for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Drugs widely used to treat high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 dangerously worse.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are not associated with severe COVID-19 infection in a multi-site UK acute hospital trust


Drugs widely used to treat high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 dangerously worse.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

The present study has found that the use of ACE inh/ARBs therapy might be associated with an increased in-hospital mortality in patients who were diagnosed with Covid-19 pneumonia.


Drugs widely used to treat high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 dangerously worse.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.


Drugs widely used to treat high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 dangerously worse.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

among patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, ACEI/ARB use was not associated with increased risk of hospital admission.


Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.


Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


Officials believe that the virus was present in meat sold at the said market.

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

In 2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) caused one of the most devastating epidemics known to the developed world.


Officials believe that the virus was present in meat sold at the said market.

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

This virus is supposed to be spread by human to human transmission.


Officials believe that the virus was present in meat sold at the said market.

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

A novel coronavirus emerged in human populations and spread rapidly to cause the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.


Higher risk if you have type 1 diabetes. Compared to people without diabetes, people with type 1 diabetes are approximately 3.5 times as likely to die in hospital with COVID-19, while people with type 2 are approximately twice as likely.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Type 2 diabetic patients were more susceptible to COVID-19 than overall population, which might be associated with hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia.


Higher risk if you have type 1 diabetes. Compared to people without diabetes, people with type 1 diabetes are approximately 3.5 times as likely to die in hospital with COVID-19, while people with type 2 are approximately twice as likely.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

the association between DM and COVID-19-induced severe complications is still unclear


Higher risk if you have type 1 diabetes. Compared to people without diabetes, people with type 1 diabetes are approximately 3.5 times as likely to die in hospital with COVID-19, while people with type 2 are approximately twice as likely.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Our data support the notion that diabetes should be considered as a risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19.


Higher risk if you have type 1 diabetes. Compared to people without diabetes, people with type 1 diabetes are approximately 3.5 times as likely to die in hospital with COVID-19, while people with type 2 are approximately twice as likely.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

COVID-19 patients with diabetes were more likely to develop severe or critical disease conditions with more complications, and had higher incidence rates of antibiotic therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and death


COVID-19 and kids: What can happen when children get the coronavirus. A rare but sometimes deadly syndrome poses extra risk for COVID's youngest victims.

Question: Can children get COVID-19?

Children accounted for a small fraction of COVID19 cases and mostly had social contacts with peers or parents, rather than older people at risk of severe disease.


COVID-19 and kids: What can happen when children get the coronavirus. A rare but sometimes deadly syndrome poses extra risk for COVID's youngest victims.

Question: Can children get COVID-19?

COVID-19 infection may be associated with severe disease in childhood presenting to a specialist hospital, but does not appear significantly different in severity to other causes of similar clinical presentations. In children presenting with pre-existing COVID-19 vulnerable medical conditions at a specialist centre, there does not appear to be significantly increased risk of either contracting COVID-19 or severe complications, apart from those undergoing chemotherapy, who are over-represented.


COVID-19 and kids: What can happen when children get the coronavirus. A rare but sometimes deadly syndrome poses extra risk for COVID's youngest victims.

Question: Can children get COVID-19?

At present, though the limited data on the effects of COVID 19 in pediatric patients, children seem to count for a little proportion of SARS-COV 2 infection, and present with less severe disease and effects However infants and toddlers are at risk of developing critical course.


COVID-19 and kids: What can happen when children get the coronavirus. A rare but sometimes deadly syndrome poses extra risk for COVID's youngest victims.

Question: Can children get COVID-19?

Data on viral loads were scarce, but indicated that children may have lower levels than adults, partly because they often have fewer symptoms, and this should decrease the transmission risk.


Ferrets can catch the coronavirus and might give it to other ferrets. But poultry and pigs don't appear to be at risk.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now a pandemic threat. This virus is supposed to be spread by human to human transmission.


Ferrets can catch the coronavirus and might give it to other ferrets. But poultry and pigs don't appear to be at risk.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Humans showing clinical symptoms of respiratory infections have been undergoing for COVID-19 diagnostic test but many infected people and few pets confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 remained asymptomatic.


Ferrets can catch the coronavirus and might give it to other ferrets. But poultry and pigs don't appear to be at risk.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Although a few pets presented many clinical signs indicative for a coronavirus infection, no animal tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and no antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detectable in their blood using an immunoprecipitation assay.


Ferrets can catch the coronavirus and might give it to other ferrets. But poultry and pigs don't appear to be at risk.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is currently no indication that feline- or canine-to-human transmission can occur, though there is rising evidence of the reverse.


Can apple cider vinegar prevent the coronavirus? Nothing can really prevent the corona virus (COVid-19) all that authorities can do is slow it down which is why such tough measures are being enforced in some countries.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

In Unani medicine, during an epidemic, apart from isolation and quarantine, three measures are of utmost importance, (i) purification of surroundings using certain herbal drugs as fumigants or sprays, (ii) health promotion and immune-modulation, and (iii) use of health-protecting drugs and symptom-specific drugs. Drugs such as loban (Styrax benzoides W. G. Craib), sandroos (Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertn.) za'fran (Crocus sativus L.), vinegar etc. are prescribed in various forms.


Can apple cider vinegar prevent the coronavirus? Nothing can really prevent the corona virus (COVid-19) all that authorities can do is slow it down which is why such tough measures are being enforced in some countries.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Numerous clinical trials have been launched to identify effective treatments for COVID-19. Initial data from a placebo-controlled study suggest faster time to recovery in patients on remdesivir; it is now being evaluated in additional controlled studies.


Can apple cider vinegar prevent the coronavirus? Nothing can really prevent the corona virus (COVid-19) all that authorities can do is slow it down which is why such tough measures are being enforced in some countries.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Scientific researches on these drugs reveal the presence of a number of pharmacologically active substances, which may provide a new insight into the management of infections and epidemics.


Can apple cider vinegar prevent the coronavirus? Nothing can really prevent the corona virus (COVid-19) all that authorities can do is slow it down which is why such tough measures are being enforced in some countries.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Considering its potential benefits and high availability, acetic acid disinfection appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy in cases of non-severe COVID-19 and deserves further investigation.


Coronaviruses cause respiratory illnesses, so the lungs are usually affected first. Early symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


Coronaviruses cause respiratory illnesses, so the lungs are usually affected first. Early symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

In this study, we collected blood from COVID-19 patients who have recently become virus-free and therefore were discharged, and analyzed their SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses. We observed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in the patients. Both were detected in newly discharged patients, suggesting both participate in immune-mediated protection to viral infection.


Coronaviruses cause respiratory illnesses, so the lungs are usually affected first. Early symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The CD4 + memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting "lung crash" until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged. Finally, this administration could be helpful not only in already infected patients, but also before infection. In fact, people could have an immune system more ready when the contact with the Covid-19 will occur.


Coronaviruses cause respiratory illnesses, so the lungs are usually affected first. Early symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


Some models show that if people wear masks, death rates from COVID-19 stay very low.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Face masks are an avenue to curb the spread of coronavirus, but few people in Western societies wear face masks.


Some models show that if people wear masks, death rates from COVID-19 stay very low.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


Some models show that if people wear masks, death rates from COVID-19 stay very low.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings; and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


Some models show that if people wear masks, death rates from COVID-19 stay very low.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Evidence that face masks provide effective protection against respiratory infections in the community is scarce. However, face masks are widely used by health workers as part of droplet precautions when caring for patients with respiratory infections. It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


The researchers also ranked face mask material from most to least effective in their testing.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


The researchers also ranked face mask material from most to least effective in their testing.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Face masks are an avenue to curb the spread of coronavirus, but few people in Western societies wear face masks.


The researchers also ranked face mask material from most to least effective in their testing.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings; and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


The researchers also ranked face mask material from most to least effective in their testing.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Evidence that face masks provide effective protection against respiratory infections in the community is scarce. However, face masks are widely used by health workers as part of droplet precautions when caring for patients with respiratory infections. It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Vinegar can kill microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses and treat yeast infections.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

As discussed in this review, till effective vaccines and treatments emerge, it is important to understand the scientific rationale of pandemic-mitigation strategies such as wearing facemasks and social distancing, and implement them.


Vinegar can kill microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses and treat yeast infections.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Numerous clinical trials have been launched to identify effective treatments for COVID-19. Initial data from a placebo-controlled study suggest faster time to recovery in patients on remdesivir; it is now being evaluated in additional controlled studies.


Vinegar can kill microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses and treat yeast infections.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Considering its potential benefits and high availability, acetic acid disinfection appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy in cases of non-severe COVID-19 and deserves further investigation.


Vinegar can kill microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses and treat yeast infections.

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

In Unani medicine, during an epidemic, apart from isolation and quarantine, three measures are of utmost importance, (i) purification of surroundings using certain herbal drugs as fumigants or sprays, (ii) health promotion and immune-modulation, and (iii) use of health-protecting drugs and symptom-specific drugs. Drugs such as loban (Styrax benzoides W. G. Craib), sandroos (Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertn.) za'fran (Crocus sativus L.), vinegar etc. are prescribed in various forms.


If the person is asymptomatic but was tested after having close contact with someone with SARS-CoV-2 infection or as part of a response to an outbreak (e.g., facility has a resident with nursing-home onset COVID-19 or a HCP with COVID-19), then they should also be considered to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed as described above.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

Young healthy recruits often showed a mild course of COVID-19 with rapid symptom decline but were persistent SARS-CoV-2 carriers. This illustrates how asymptomatic patients may be responsible for covert viral transmission.


If the person is asymptomatic but was tested after having close contact with someone with SARS-CoV-2 infection or as part of a response to an outbreak (e.g., facility has a resident with nursing-home onset COVID-19 or a HCP with COVID-19), then they should also be considered to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed as described above.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The evidence confirms COVID-19 transmission from people who were asymptomatic at the time.


If the person is asymptomatic but was tested after having close contact with someone with SARS-CoV-2 infection or as part of a response to an outbreak (e.g., facility has a resident with nursing-home onset COVID-19 or a HCP with COVID-19), then they should also be considered to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed as described above.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The median communicable period, defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests, was 9.5 days (up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases). Through epidemiological investigation, we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members


If the person is asymptomatic but was tested after having close contact with someone with SARS-CoV-2 infection or as part of a response to an outbreak (e.g., facility has a resident with nursing-home onset COVID-19 or a HCP with COVID-19), then they should also be considered to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed as described above.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

APs with COVID-19 still have certain period of viral shedding, which suggests the possibility of transmission during their asymptomatic period.


The high temperature and low relative humidity lead to high evaporation rates of saliva-contaminated droplets, thus significantly reducing the coronavirus viability

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


The high temperature and low relative humidity lead to high evaporation rates of saliva-contaminated droplets, thus significantly reducing the coronavirus viability

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Being a novel pandemic coronavirus version, it might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher air temperatures, low relative humidity and precipitation levels.


The high temperature and low relative humidity lead to high evaporation rates of saliva-contaminated droplets, thus significantly reducing the coronavirus viability

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-17 cases/day with a 1C rise in temperature.


The high temperature and low relative humidity lead to high evaporation rates of saliva-contaminated droplets, thus significantly reducing the coronavirus viability

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

We show that the delay between exposure and detection of infection complicates the estimation of weather impact on COVID-19 transmission, potentially explaining significant variability in results to-date


Tobacco kills more than 8 million people globally every year. More than 7 million of these deaths are from direct tobacco use and around 1.2 million are due to non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis smoking is linked with poor respiratory health, immunosuppression and multiple contaminants. Potential synergism between the two epidemics would represent a major public health convergence. Cigarettes were implicated with disease severity in Wuhan, China.


Tobacco kills more than 8 million people globally every year. More than 7 million of these deaths are from direct tobacco use and around 1.2 million are due to non-smokers being exposed to second-hand smoke.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

These findings indicate that these comorbidities are not only associated with severity of disease but also predispose for getting Covid-19.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2) that initially originated from Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has already caused a pandemic.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

The COVID19, which appeared to originate in China in December 2019, has spread worldwide pandemically.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

The results obtained from various AI-enabled experiments using clustering algorithms demonstrate that all examined COVID-19 virus genomes belong to a cluster that also contains bat and pangolin coronavirus genomes.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Although to date it is considered that Covid19 originates from bats (96.2% overall genome sequence identity) (1), the type of intermediate animals that caused the transmission to humans remains unknown (2-4).


Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease? No

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

Antiviral drugs like lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir and remdesivir are also being explored. Cytokine storm and secondary HLH might require heightened immunosuppressive regimens.


Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease? No

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

The safety of NSAIDs, corticosteroids and renin-angiotensin inhibitors in COVID-19 is challenged. NSAIDs may interfere with the defense process against viral infection and are best avoided.


Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease? No

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that emerged in 2019 and is causing the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no current standard of care.


Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease? No

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

Development of a vaccine may be the only effective long-term protection against this disease.


the symptoms of COVID-19 are no worse than a cold

Question: Do antibodies make you immune to COVID-19?

The researchers found: 1) individuals with mild and severe disease produced neutralizing IgG to SARS-CoV-2 10 days after disease onset; 2) SARS-CoV-2 persisted longer in those with severe disease; and 3) there was cross-reactivity between antibodies to SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, but only antibodies from patients with COVID-19 neutralized SARS-CoV-2. These observations provide important information on the serological response to SARS-CoV-2 of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 that can inform the use of convalescent plasma therapy.


the symptoms of COVID-19 are no worse than a cold

Question: Do antibodies make you immune to COVID-19?

We determined and compared the humoral immune response in severe, hospitalized and mild, non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients.


the symptoms of COVID-19 are no worse than a cold

Question: Do antibodies make you immune to COVID-19?

SARS-CoV-2 antibody deficiency in the setting of a tissue viral burden suggests that using an antibody as a therapeutic agent would augment the antiviral immune response.


the symptoms of COVID-19 are no worse than a cold

Question: Do antibodies make you immune to COVID-19?

While severe COVID-19 patients develop a strong antibody response, mild SARS-CoV-2 infections induce a modest antibody response. Long term monitoring will show whether these responses predict protection against future infections.


scientists do not recommend that people should begin smoking simply to attempt to avoid a severe case of COVID-19. Smoking is still a leading cause of preventable death across the globe.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis smoking is linked with poor respiratory health, immunosuppression and multiple contaminants. Potential synergism between the two epidemics would represent a major public health convergence. Cigarettes were implicated with disease severity in Wuhan, China.


If you're worried about corona, only the N95 mask will protect you

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a trend toward reduced detection of coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets.


If you're worried about corona, only the N95 mask will protect you

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


If you're worried about corona, only the N95 mask will protect you

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


If you're worried about corona, only the N95 mask will protect you

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


Many readers have written in to ask whether ibuprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, can worsen COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

As fever may have benefit in shortening the duration of viral illness, it is plausible to hypothesize that the antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen may be hindering the benefits of a fever response when taken during the early stages of COVID-19 illness.


Many readers have written in to ask whether ibuprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, can worsen COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

Ibuprofen is an over-the-counter medication that is used widely for the treatment of pain and fever during COVID-19 pandemic.


Many readers have written in to ask whether ibuprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, can worsen COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

At this time, there is no supporting evidence to discourage the use of ibuprofen.