INSTRUCTION
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Apply a function to each RDD in this DStream. | def foreachRDD(self, func):
"""
Apply a function to each RDD in this DStream.
"""
if func.__code__.co_argcount == 1:
old_func = func
func = lambda t, rdd: old_func(rdd)
jfunc = TransformFunction(self._sc, func, self._jrdd_deserializer)
api = self._ssc._jvm.PythonDStream
api.callForeachRDD(self._jdstream, jfunc) |
Print the first num elements of each RDD generated in this DStream.
@param num: the number of elements from the first will be printed. | def pprint(self, num=10):
"""
Print the first num elements of each RDD generated in this DStream.
@param num: the number of elements from the first will be printed.
"""
def takeAndPrint(time, rdd):
taken = rdd.take(num + 1)
print("-------------------------------------------")
print("Time: %s" % time)
print("-------------------------------------------")
for record in taken[:num]:
print(record)
if len(taken) > num:
print("...")
print("")
self.foreachRDD(takeAndPrint) |
Persist the RDDs of this DStream with the given storage level | def persist(self, storageLevel):
"""
Persist the RDDs of this DStream with the given storage level
"""
self.is_cached = True
javaStorageLevel = self._sc._getJavaStorageLevel(storageLevel)
self._jdstream.persist(javaStorageLevel)
return self |
Enable periodic checkpointing of RDDs of this DStream
@param interval: time in seconds, after each period of that, generated
RDD will be checkpointed | def checkpoint(self, interval):
"""
Enable periodic checkpointing of RDDs of this DStream
@param interval: time in seconds, after each period of that, generated
RDD will be checkpointed
"""
self.is_checkpointed = True
self._jdstream.checkpoint(self._ssc._jduration(interval))
return self |
Return a new DStream by applying groupByKey on each RDD. | def groupByKey(self, numPartitions=None):
"""
Return a new DStream by applying groupByKey on each RDD.
"""
if numPartitions is None:
numPartitions = self._sc.defaultParallelism
return self.transform(lambda rdd: rdd.groupByKey(numPartitions)) |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD contains the counts of each
distinct value in each RDD of this DStream. | def countByValue(self):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD contains the counts of each
distinct value in each RDD of this DStream.
"""
return self.map(lambda x: (x, 1)).reduceByKey(lambda x, y: x+y) |
Save each RDD in this DStream as at text file, using string
representation of elements. | def saveAsTextFiles(self, prefix, suffix=None):
"""
Save each RDD in this DStream as at text file, using string
representation of elements.
"""
def saveAsTextFile(t, rdd):
path = rddToFileName(prefix, suffix, t)
try:
rdd.saveAsTextFile(path)
except Py4JJavaError as e:
# after recovered from checkpointing, the foreachRDD may
# be called twice
if 'FileAlreadyExistsException' not in str(e):
raise
return self.foreachRDD(saveAsTextFile) |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD is generated by applying a function
on each RDD of this DStream.
`func` can have one argument of `rdd`, or have two arguments of
(`time`, `rdd`) | def transform(self, func):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD is generated by applying a function
on each RDD of this DStream.
`func` can have one argument of `rdd`, or have two arguments of
(`time`, `rdd`)
"""
if func.__code__.co_argcount == 1:
oldfunc = func
func = lambda t, rdd: oldfunc(rdd)
assert func.__code__.co_argcount == 2, "func should take one or two arguments"
return TransformedDStream(self, func) |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD is generated by applying a function
on each RDD of this DStream and 'other' DStream.
`func` can have two arguments of (`rdd_a`, `rdd_b`) or have three
arguments of (`time`, `rdd_a`, `rdd_b`) | def transformWith(self, func, other, keepSerializer=False):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD is generated by applying a function
on each RDD of this DStream and 'other' DStream.
`func` can have two arguments of (`rdd_a`, `rdd_b`) or have three
arguments of (`time`, `rdd_a`, `rdd_b`)
"""
if func.__code__.co_argcount == 2:
oldfunc = func
func = lambda t, a, b: oldfunc(a, b)
assert func.__code__.co_argcount == 3, "func should take two or three arguments"
jfunc = TransformFunction(self._sc, func, self._jrdd_deserializer, other._jrdd_deserializer)
dstream = self._sc._jvm.PythonTransformed2DStream(self._jdstream.dstream(),
other._jdstream.dstream(), jfunc)
jrdd_serializer = self._jrdd_deserializer if keepSerializer else self._sc.serializer
return DStream(dstream.asJavaDStream(), self._ssc, jrdd_serializer) |
Return a new DStream by unifying data of another DStream with this DStream.
@param other: Another DStream having the same interval (i.e., slideDuration)
as this DStream. | def union(self, other):
"""
Return a new DStream by unifying data of another DStream with this DStream.
@param other: Another DStream having the same interval (i.e., slideDuration)
as this DStream.
"""
if self._slideDuration != other._slideDuration:
raise ValueError("the two DStream should have same slide duration")
return self.transformWith(lambda a, b: a.union(b), other, True) |
Return a new DStream by applying 'cogroup' between RDDs of this
DStream and `other` DStream.
Hash partitioning is used to generate the RDDs with `numPartitions` partitions. | def cogroup(self, other, numPartitions=None):
"""
Return a new DStream by applying 'cogroup' between RDDs of this
DStream and `other` DStream.
Hash partitioning is used to generate the RDDs with `numPartitions` partitions.
"""
if numPartitions is None:
numPartitions = self._sc.defaultParallelism
return self.transformWith(lambda a, b: a.cogroup(b, numPartitions), other) |
Convert datetime or unix_timestamp into Time | def _jtime(self, timestamp):
""" Convert datetime or unix_timestamp into Time
"""
if isinstance(timestamp, datetime):
timestamp = time.mktime(timestamp.timetuple())
return self._sc._jvm.Time(long(timestamp * 1000)) |
Return all the RDDs between 'begin' to 'end' (both included)
`begin`, `end` could be datetime.datetime() or unix_timestamp | def slice(self, begin, end):
"""
Return all the RDDs between 'begin' to 'end' (both included)
`begin`, `end` could be datetime.datetime() or unix_timestamp
"""
jrdds = self._jdstream.slice(self._jtime(begin), self._jtime(end))
return [RDD(jrdd, self._sc, self._jrdd_deserializer) for jrdd in jrdds] |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD contains all the elements in seen in a
sliding window of time over this DStream.
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval | def window(self, windowDuration, slideDuration=None):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD contains all the elements in seen in a
sliding window of time over this DStream.
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
"""
self._validate_window_param(windowDuration, slideDuration)
d = self._ssc._jduration(windowDuration)
if slideDuration is None:
return DStream(self._jdstream.window(d), self._ssc, self._jrdd_deserializer)
s = self._ssc._jduration(slideDuration)
return DStream(self._jdstream.window(d, s), self._ssc, self._jrdd_deserializer) |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD has a single element generated by reducing all
elements in a sliding window over this DStream.
if `invReduceFunc` is not None, the reduction is done incrementally
using the old window's reduced value :
1. reduce the new values that entered the window (e.g., adding new counts)
2. "inverse reduce" the old values that left the window (e.g., subtracting old counts)
This is more efficient than `invReduceFunc` is None.
@param reduceFunc: associative and commutative reduce function
@param invReduceFunc: inverse reduce function of `reduceFunc`; such that for all y,
and invertible x:
`invReduceFunc(reduceFunc(x, y), x) = y`
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval | def reduceByWindow(self, reduceFunc, invReduceFunc, windowDuration, slideDuration):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD has a single element generated by reducing all
elements in a sliding window over this DStream.
if `invReduceFunc` is not None, the reduction is done incrementally
using the old window's reduced value :
1. reduce the new values that entered the window (e.g., adding new counts)
2. "inverse reduce" the old values that left the window (e.g., subtracting old counts)
This is more efficient than `invReduceFunc` is None.
@param reduceFunc: associative and commutative reduce function
@param invReduceFunc: inverse reduce function of `reduceFunc`; such that for all y,
and invertible x:
`invReduceFunc(reduceFunc(x, y), x) = y`
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
"""
keyed = self.map(lambda x: (1, x))
reduced = keyed.reduceByKeyAndWindow(reduceFunc, invReduceFunc,
windowDuration, slideDuration, 1)
return reduced.map(lambda kv: kv[1]) |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD has a single element generated
by counting the number of elements in a window over this DStream.
windowDuration and slideDuration are as defined in the window() operation.
This is equivalent to window(windowDuration, slideDuration).count(),
but will be more efficient if window is large. | def countByWindow(self, windowDuration, slideDuration):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD has a single element generated
by counting the number of elements in a window over this DStream.
windowDuration and slideDuration are as defined in the window() operation.
This is equivalent to window(windowDuration, slideDuration).count(),
but will be more efficient if window is large.
"""
return self.map(lambda x: 1).reduceByWindow(operator.add, operator.sub,
windowDuration, slideDuration) |
Return a new DStream in which each RDD contains the count of distinct elements in
RDDs in a sliding window over this DStream.
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
@param numPartitions: number of partitions of each RDD in the new DStream. | def countByValueAndWindow(self, windowDuration, slideDuration, numPartitions=None):
"""
Return a new DStream in which each RDD contains the count of distinct elements in
RDDs in a sliding window over this DStream.
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
@param numPartitions: number of partitions of each RDD in the new DStream.
"""
keyed = self.map(lambda x: (x, 1))
counted = keyed.reduceByKeyAndWindow(operator.add, operator.sub,
windowDuration, slideDuration, numPartitions)
return counted.filter(lambda kv: kv[1] > 0) |
Return a new DStream by applying `groupByKey` over a sliding window.
Similar to `DStream.groupByKey()`, but applies it over a sliding window.
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
@param numPartitions: Number of partitions of each RDD in the new DStream. | def groupByKeyAndWindow(self, windowDuration, slideDuration, numPartitions=None):
"""
Return a new DStream by applying `groupByKey` over a sliding window.
Similar to `DStream.groupByKey()`, but applies it over a sliding window.
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
@param numPartitions: Number of partitions of each RDD in the new DStream.
"""
ls = self.mapValues(lambda x: [x])
grouped = ls.reduceByKeyAndWindow(lambda a, b: a.extend(b) or a, lambda a, b: a[len(b):],
windowDuration, slideDuration, numPartitions)
return grouped.mapValues(ResultIterable) |
Return a new DStream by applying incremental `reduceByKey` over a sliding window.
The reduced value of over a new window is calculated using the old window's reduce value :
1. reduce the new values that entered the window (e.g., adding new counts)
2. "inverse reduce" the old values that left the window (e.g., subtracting old counts)
`invFunc` can be None, then it will reduce all the RDDs in window, could be slower
than having `invFunc`.
@param func: associative and commutative reduce function
@param invFunc: inverse function of `reduceFunc`
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
@param numPartitions: number of partitions of each RDD in the new DStream.
@param filterFunc: function to filter expired key-value pairs;
only pairs that satisfy the function are retained
set this to null if you do not want to filter | def reduceByKeyAndWindow(self, func, invFunc, windowDuration, slideDuration=None,
numPartitions=None, filterFunc=None):
"""
Return a new DStream by applying incremental `reduceByKey` over a sliding window.
The reduced value of over a new window is calculated using the old window's reduce value :
1. reduce the new values that entered the window (e.g., adding new counts)
2. "inverse reduce" the old values that left the window (e.g., subtracting old counts)
`invFunc` can be None, then it will reduce all the RDDs in window, could be slower
than having `invFunc`.
@param func: associative and commutative reduce function
@param invFunc: inverse function of `reduceFunc`
@param windowDuration: width of the window; must be a multiple of this DStream's
batching interval
@param slideDuration: sliding interval of the window (i.e., the interval after which
the new DStream will generate RDDs); must be a multiple of this
DStream's batching interval
@param numPartitions: number of partitions of each RDD in the new DStream.
@param filterFunc: function to filter expired key-value pairs;
only pairs that satisfy the function are retained
set this to null if you do not want to filter
"""
self._validate_window_param(windowDuration, slideDuration)
if numPartitions is None:
numPartitions = self._sc.defaultParallelism
reduced = self.reduceByKey(func, numPartitions)
if invFunc:
def reduceFunc(t, a, b):
b = b.reduceByKey(func, numPartitions)
r = a.union(b).reduceByKey(func, numPartitions) if a else b
if filterFunc:
r = r.filter(filterFunc)
return r
def invReduceFunc(t, a, b):
b = b.reduceByKey(func, numPartitions)
joined = a.leftOuterJoin(b, numPartitions)
return joined.mapValues(lambda kv: invFunc(kv[0], kv[1])
if kv[1] is not None else kv[0])
jreduceFunc = TransformFunction(self._sc, reduceFunc, reduced._jrdd_deserializer)
jinvReduceFunc = TransformFunction(self._sc, invReduceFunc, reduced._jrdd_deserializer)
if slideDuration is None:
slideDuration = self._slideDuration
dstream = self._sc._jvm.PythonReducedWindowedDStream(
reduced._jdstream.dstream(),
jreduceFunc, jinvReduceFunc,
self._ssc._jduration(windowDuration),
self._ssc._jduration(slideDuration))
return DStream(dstream.asJavaDStream(), self._ssc, self._sc.serializer)
else:
return reduced.window(windowDuration, slideDuration).reduceByKey(func, numPartitions) |
Return a new "state" DStream where the state for each key is updated by applying
the given function on the previous state of the key and the new values of the key.
@param updateFunc: State update function. If this function returns None, then
corresponding state key-value pair will be eliminated. | def updateStateByKey(self, updateFunc, numPartitions=None, initialRDD=None):
"""
Return a new "state" DStream where the state for each key is updated by applying
the given function on the previous state of the key and the new values of the key.
@param updateFunc: State update function. If this function returns None, then
corresponding state key-value pair will be eliminated.
"""
if numPartitions is None:
numPartitions = self._sc.defaultParallelism
if initialRDD and not isinstance(initialRDD, RDD):
initialRDD = self._sc.parallelize(initialRDD)
def reduceFunc(t, a, b):
if a is None:
g = b.groupByKey(numPartitions).mapValues(lambda vs: (list(vs), None))
else:
g = a.cogroup(b.partitionBy(numPartitions), numPartitions)
g = g.mapValues(lambda ab: (list(ab[1]), list(ab[0])[0] if len(ab[0]) else None))
state = g.mapValues(lambda vs_s: updateFunc(vs_s[0], vs_s[1]))
return state.filter(lambda k_v: k_v[1] is not None)
jreduceFunc = TransformFunction(self._sc, reduceFunc,
self._sc.serializer, self._jrdd_deserializer)
if initialRDD:
initialRDD = initialRDD._reserialize(self._jrdd_deserializer)
dstream = self._sc._jvm.PythonStateDStream(self._jdstream.dstream(), jreduceFunc,
initialRDD._jrdd)
else:
dstream = self._sc._jvm.PythonStateDStream(self._jdstream.dstream(), jreduceFunc)
return DStream(dstream.asJavaDStream(), self._ssc, self._sc.serializer) |
setParams(self, minSupport=0.3, minConfidence=0.8, itemsCol="items", \
predictionCol="prediction", numPartitions=None) | def setParams(self, minSupport=0.3, minConfidence=0.8, itemsCol="items",
predictionCol="prediction", numPartitions=None):
"""
setParams(self, minSupport=0.3, minConfidence=0.8, itemsCol="items", \
predictionCol="prediction", numPartitions=None)
"""
kwargs = self._input_kwargs
return self._set(**kwargs) |
setParams(self, minSupport=0.1, maxPatternLength=10, maxLocalProjDBSize=32000000, \
sequenceCol="sequence") | def setParams(self, minSupport=0.1, maxPatternLength=10, maxLocalProjDBSize=32000000,
sequenceCol="sequence"):
"""
setParams(self, minSupport=0.1, maxPatternLength=10, maxLocalProjDBSize=32000000, \
sequenceCol="sequence")
"""
kwargs = self._input_kwargs
return self._set(**kwargs) |
.. note:: Experimental
Finds the complete set of frequent sequential patterns in the input sequences of itemsets.
:param dataset: A dataframe containing a sequence column which is
`ArrayType(ArrayType(T))` type, T is the item type for the input dataset.
:return: A `DataFrame` that contains columns of sequence and corresponding frequency.
The schema of it will be:
- `sequence: ArrayType(ArrayType(T))` (T is the item type)
- `freq: Long`
>>> from pyspark.ml.fpm import PrefixSpan
>>> from pyspark.sql import Row
>>> df = sc.parallelize([Row(sequence=[[1, 2], [3]]),
... Row(sequence=[[1], [3, 2], [1, 2]]),
... Row(sequence=[[1, 2], [5]]),
... Row(sequence=[[6]])]).toDF()
>>> prefixSpan = PrefixSpan(minSupport=0.5, maxPatternLength=5)
>>> prefixSpan.findFrequentSequentialPatterns(df).sort("sequence").show(truncate=False)
+----------+----+
|sequence |freq|
+----------+----+
|[[1]] |3 |
|[[1], [3]]|2 |
|[[1, 2]] |3 |
|[[2]] |3 |
|[[3]] |2 |
+----------+----+
.. versionadded:: 2.4.0 | def findFrequentSequentialPatterns(self, dataset):
"""
.. note:: Experimental
Finds the complete set of frequent sequential patterns in the input sequences of itemsets.
:param dataset: A dataframe containing a sequence column which is
`ArrayType(ArrayType(T))` type, T is the item type for the input dataset.
:return: A `DataFrame` that contains columns of sequence and corresponding frequency.
The schema of it will be:
- `sequence: ArrayType(ArrayType(T))` (T is the item type)
- `freq: Long`
>>> from pyspark.ml.fpm import PrefixSpan
>>> from pyspark.sql import Row
>>> df = sc.parallelize([Row(sequence=[[1, 2], [3]]),
... Row(sequence=[[1], [3, 2], [1, 2]]),
... Row(sequence=[[1, 2], [5]]),
... Row(sequence=[[6]])]).toDF()
>>> prefixSpan = PrefixSpan(minSupport=0.5, maxPatternLength=5)
>>> prefixSpan.findFrequentSequentialPatterns(df).sort("sequence").show(truncate=False)
+----------+----+
|sequence |freq|
+----------+----+
|[[1]] |3 |
|[[1], [3]]|2 |
|[[1, 2]] |3 |
|[[2]] |3 |
|[[3]] |2 |
+----------+----+
.. versionadded:: 2.4.0
"""
self._transfer_params_to_java()
jdf = self._java_obj.findFrequentSequentialPatterns(dataset._jdf)
return DataFrame(jdf, dataset.sql_ctx) |
Return a CallSite representing the first Spark call in the current call stack. | def first_spark_call():
"""
Return a CallSite representing the first Spark call in the current call stack.
"""
tb = traceback.extract_stack()
if len(tb) == 0:
return None
file, line, module, what = tb[len(tb) - 1]
sparkpath = os.path.dirname(file)
first_spark_frame = len(tb) - 1
for i in range(0, len(tb)):
file, line, fun, what = tb[i]
if file.startswith(sparkpath):
first_spark_frame = i
break
if first_spark_frame == 0:
file, line, fun, what = tb[0]
return CallSite(function=fun, file=file, linenum=line)
sfile, sline, sfun, swhat = tb[first_spark_frame]
ufile, uline, ufun, uwhat = tb[first_spark_frame - 1]
return CallSite(function=sfun, file=ufile, linenum=uline) |
Parse a line of text into an MLlib LabeledPoint object. | def parsePoint(line):
"""
Parse a line of text into an MLlib LabeledPoint object.
"""
values = [float(s) for s in line.split(' ')]
if values[0] == -1: # Convert -1 labels to 0 for MLlib
values[0] = 0
return LabeledPoint(values[0], values[1:]) |
Returns f-measure. | def fMeasure(self, label, beta=None):
"""
Returns f-measure.
"""
if beta is None:
return self.call("fMeasure", label)
else:
return self.call("fMeasure", label, beta) |
Returns precision or precision for a given label (category) if specified. | def precision(self, label=None):
"""
Returns precision or precision for a given label (category) if specified.
"""
if label is None:
return self.call("precision")
else:
return self.call("precision", float(label)) |
Returns recall or recall for a given label (category) if specified. | def recall(self, label=None):
"""
Returns recall or recall for a given label (category) if specified.
"""
if label is None:
return self.call("recall")
else:
return self.call("recall", float(label)) |
Returns f1Measure or f1Measure for a given label (category) if specified. | def f1Measure(self, label=None):
"""
Returns f1Measure or f1Measure for a given label (category) if specified.
"""
if label is None:
return self.call("f1Measure")
else:
return self.call("f1Measure", float(label)) |
When converting Spark SQL records to Pandas DataFrame, the inferred data type may be wrong.
This method gets the corrected data type for Pandas if that type may be inferred uncorrectly. | def _to_corrected_pandas_type(dt):
"""
When converting Spark SQL records to Pandas DataFrame, the inferred data type may be wrong.
This method gets the corrected data type for Pandas if that type may be inferred uncorrectly.
"""
import numpy as np
if type(dt) == ByteType:
return np.int8
elif type(dt) == ShortType:
return np.int16
elif type(dt) == IntegerType:
return np.int32
elif type(dt) == FloatType:
return np.float32
else:
return None |
Returns the content as an :class:`pyspark.RDD` of :class:`Row`. | def rdd(self):
"""Returns the content as an :class:`pyspark.RDD` of :class:`Row`.
"""
if self._lazy_rdd is None:
jrdd = self._jdf.javaToPython()
self._lazy_rdd = RDD(jrdd, self.sql_ctx._sc, BatchedSerializer(PickleSerializer()))
return self._lazy_rdd |
Converts a :class:`DataFrame` into a :class:`RDD` of string.
Each row is turned into a JSON document as one element in the returned RDD.
>>> df.toJSON().first()
u'{"age":2,"name":"Alice"}' | def toJSON(self, use_unicode=True):
"""Converts a :class:`DataFrame` into a :class:`RDD` of string.
Each row is turned into a JSON document as one element in the returned RDD.
>>> df.toJSON().first()
u'{"age":2,"name":"Alice"}'
"""
rdd = self._jdf.toJSON()
return RDD(rdd.toJavaRDD(), self._sc, UTF8Deserializer(use_unicode)) |
Returns the schema of this :class:`DataFrame` as a :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType`.
>>> df.schema
StructType(List(StructField(age,IntegerType,true),StructField(name,StringType,true))) | def schema(self):
"""Returns the schema of this :class:`DataFrame` as a :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType`.
>>> df.schema
StructType(List(StructField(age,IntegerType,true),StructField(name,StringType,true)))
"""
if self._schema is None:
try:
self._schema = _parse_datatype_json_string(self._jdf.schema().json())
except AttributeError as e:
raise Exception(
"Unable to parse datatype from schema. %s" % e)
return self._schema |
Prints the (logical and physical) plans to the console for debugging purpose.
:param extended: boolean, default ``False``. If ``False``, prints only the physical plan.
>>> df.explain()
== Physical Plan ==
*(1) Scan ExistingRDD[age#0,name#1]
>>> df.explain(True)
== Parsed Logical Plan ==
...
== Analyzed Logical Plan ==
...
== Optimized Logical Plan ==
...
== Physical Plan ==
... | def explain(self, extended=False):
"""Prints the (logical and physical) plans to the console for debugging purpose.
:param extended: boolean, default ``False``. If ``False``, prints only the physical plan.
>>> df.explain()
== Physical Plan ==
*(1) Scan ExistingRDD[age#0,name#1]
>>> df.explain(True)
== Parsed Logical Plan ==
...
== Analyzed Logical Plan ==
...
== Optimized Logical Plan ==
...
== Physical Plan ==
...
"""
if extended:
print(self._jdf.queryExecution().toString())
else:
print(self._jdf.queryExecution().simpleString()) |
Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows in this :class:`DataFrame` but
not in another :class:`DataFrame` while preserving duplicates.
This is equivalent to `EXCEPT ALL` in SQL.
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame(
... [("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("a", 2), ("b", 3), ("c", 4)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("b", 3)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df1.exceptAll(df2).show()
+---+---+
| C1| C2|
+---+---+
| a| 1|
| a| 1|
| a| 2|
| c| 4|
+---+---+
Also as standard in SQL, this function resolves columns by position (not by name). | def exceptAll(self, other):
"""Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows in this :class:`DataFrame` but
not in another :class:`DataFrame` while preserving duplicates.
This is equivalent to `EXCEPT ALL` in SQL.
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame(
... [("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("a", 2), ("b", 3), ("c", 4)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("b", 3)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df1.exceptAll(df2).show()
+---+---+
| C1| C2|
+---+---+
| a| 1|
| a| 1|
| a| 2|
| c| 4|
+---+---+
Also as standard in SQL, this function resolves columns by position (not by name).
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.exceptAll(other._jdf), self.sql_ctx) |
Prints the first ``n`` rows to the console.
:param n: Number of rows to show.
:param truncate: If set to True, truncate strings longer than 20 chars by default.
If set to a number greater than one, truncates long strings to length ``truncate``
and align cells right.
:param vertical: If set to True, print output rows vertically (one line
per column value).
>>> df
DataFrame[age: int, name: string]
>>> df.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
+---+-----+
>>> df.show(truncate=3)
+---+----+
|age|name|
+---+----+
| 2| Ali|
| 5| Bob|
+---+----+
>>> df.show(vertical=True)
-RECORD 0-----
age | 2
name | Alice
-RECORD 1-----
age | 5
name | Bob | def show(self, n=20, truncate=True, vertical=False):
"""Prints the first ``n`` rows to the console.
:param n: Number of rows to show.
:param truncate: If set to True, truncate strings longer than 20 chars by default.
If set to a number greater than one, truncates long strings to length ``truncate``
and align cells right.
:param vertical: If set to True, print output rows vertically (one line
per column value).
>>> df
DataFrame[age: int, name: string]
>>> df.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
+---+-----+
>>> df.show(truncate=3)
+---+----+
|age|name|
+---+----+
| 2| Ali|
| 5| Bob|
+---+----+
>>> df.show(vertical=True)
-RECORD 0-----
age | 2
name | Alice
-RECORD 1-----
age | 5
name | Bob
"""
if isinstance(truncate, bool) and truncate:
print(self._jdf.showString(n, 20, vertical))
else:
print(self._jdf.showString(n, int(truncate), vertical)) |
Returns a dataframe with html code when you enabled eager evaluation
by 'spark.sql.repl.eagerEval.enabled', this only called by REPL you are
using support eager evaluation with HTML. | def _repr_html_(self):
"""Returns a dataframe with html code when you enabled eager evaluation
by 'spark.sql.repl.eagerEval.enabled', this only called by REPL you are
using support eager evaluation with HTML.
"""
import cgi
if not self._support_repr_html:
self._support_repr_html = True
if self.sql_ctx._conf.isReplEagerEvalEnabled():
max_num_rows = max(self.sql_ctx._conf.replEagerEvalMaxNumRows(), 0)
sock_info = self._jdf.getRowsToPython(
max_num_rows, self.sql_ctx._conf.replEagerEvalTruncate())
rows = list(_load_from_socket(sock_info, BatchedSerializer(PickleSerializer())))
head = rows[0]
row_data = rows[1:]
has_more_data = len(row_data) > max_num_rows
row_data = row_data[:max_num_rows]
html = "<table border='1'>\n"
# generate table head
html += "<tr><th>%s</th></tr>\n" % "</th><th>".join(map(lambda x: cgi.escape(x), head))
# generate table rows
for row in row_data:
html += "<tr><td>%s</td></tr>\n" % "</td><td>".join(
map(lambda x: cgi.escape(x), row))
html += "</table>\n"
if has_more_data:
html += "only showing top %d %s\n" % (
max_num_rows, "row" if max_num_rows == 1 else "rows")
return html
else:
return None |
Returns a checkpointed version of this Dataset. Checkpointing can be used to truncate the
logical plan of this DataFrame, which is especially useful in iterative algorithms where the
plan may grow exponentially. It will be saved to files inside the checkpoint
directory set with L{SparkContext.setCheckpointDir()}.
:param eager: Whether to checkpoint this DataFrame immediately
.. note:: Experimental | def checkpoint(self, eager=True):
"""Returns a checkpointed version of this Dataset. Checkpointing can be used to truncate the
logical plan of this DataFrame, which is especially useful in iterative algorithms where the
plan may grow exponentially. It will be saved to files inside the checkpoint
directory set with L{SparkContext.setCheckpointDir()}.
:param eager: Whether to checkpoint this DataFrame immediately
.. note:: Experimental
"""
jdf = self._jdf.checkpoint(eager)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a locally checkpointed version of this Dataset. Checkpointing can be used to
truncate the logical plan of this DataFrame, which is especially useful in iterative
algorithms where the plan may grow exponentially. Local checkpoints are stored in the
executors using the caching subsystem and therefore they are not reliable.
:param eager: Whether to checkpoint this DataFrame immediately
.. note:: Experimental | def localCheckpoint(self, eager=True):
"""Returns a locally checkpointed version of this Dataset. Checkpointing can be used to
truncate the logical plan of this DataFrame, which is especially useful in iterative
algorithms where the plan may grow exponentially. Local checkpoints are stored in the
executors using the caching subsystem and therefore they are not reliable.
:param eager: Whether to checkpoint this DataFrame immediately
.. note:: Experimental
"""
jdf = self._jdf.localCheckpoint(eager)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Defines an event time watermark for this :class:`DataFrame`. A watermark tracks a point
in time before which we assume no more late data is going to arrive.
Spark will use this watermark for several purposes:
- To know when a given time window aggregation can be finalized and thus can be emitted
when using output modes that do not allow updates.
- To minimize the amount of state that we need to keep for on-going aggregations.
The current watermark is computed by looking at the `MAX(eventTime)` seen across
all of the partitions in the query minus a user specified `delayThreshold`. Due to the cost
of coordinating this value across partitions, the actual watermark used is only guaranteed
to be at least `delayThreshold` behind the actual event time. In some cases we may still
process records that arrive more than `delayThreshold` late.
:param eventTime: the name of the column that contains the event time of the row.
:param delayThreshold: the minimum delay to wait to data to arrive late, relative to the
latest record that has been processed in the form of an interval
(e.g. "1 minute" or "5 hours").
.. note:: Evolving
>>> sdf.select('name', sdf.time.cast('timestamp')).withWatermark('time', '10 minutes')
DataFrame[name: string, time: timestamp] | def withWatermark(self, eventTime, delayThreshold):
"""Defines an event time watermark for this :class:`DataFrame`. A watermark tracks a point
in time before which we assume no more late data is going to arrive.
Spark will use this watermark for several purposes:
- To know when a given time window aggregation can be finalized and thus can be emitted
when using output modes that do not allow updates.
- To minimize the amount of state that we need to keep for on-going aggregations.
The current watermark is computed by looking at the `MAX(eventTime)` seen across
all of the partitions in the query minus a user specified `delayThreshold`. Due to the cost
of coordinating this value across partitions, the actual watermark used is only guaranteed
to be at least `delayThreshold` behind the actual event time. In some cases we may still
process records that arrive more than `delayThreshold` late.
:param eventTime: the name of the column that contains the event time of the row.
:param delayThreshold: the minimum delay to wait to data to arrive late, relative to the
latest record that has been processed in the form of an interval
(e.g. "1 minute" or "5 hours").
.. note:: Evolving
>>> sdf.select('name', sdf.time.cast('timestamp')).withWatermark('time', '10 minutes')
DataFrame[name: string, time: timestamp]
"""
if not eventTime or type(eventTime) is not str:
raise TypeError("eventTime should be provided as a string")
if not delayThreshold or type(delayThreshold) is not str:
raise TypeError("delayThreshold should be provided as a string interval")
jdf = self._jdf.withWatermark(eventTime, delayThreshold)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Specifies some hint on the current DataFrame.
:param name: A name of the hint.
:param parameters: Optional parameters.
:return: :class:`DataFrame`
>>> df.join(df2.hint("broadcast"), "name").show()
+----+---+------+
|name|age|height|
+----+---+------+
| Bob| 5| 85|
+----+---+------+ | def hint(self, name, *parameters):
"""Specifies some hint on the current DataFrame.
:param name: A name of the hint.
:param parameters: Optional parameters.
:return: :class:`DataFrame`
>>> df.join(df2.hint("broadcast"), "name").show()
+----+---+------+
|name|age|height|
+----+---+------+
| Bob| 5| 85|
+----+---+------+
"""
if len(parameters) == 1 and isinstance(parameters[0], list):
parameters = parameters[0]
if not isinstance(name, str):
raise TypeError("name should be provided as str, got {0}".format(type(name)))
allowed_types = (basestring, list, float, int)
for p in parameters:
if not isinstance(p, allowed_types):
raise TypeError(
"all parameters should be in {0}, got {1} of type {2}".format(
allowed_types, p, type(p)))
jdf = self._jdf.hint(name, self._jseq(parameters))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns all the records as a list of :class:`Row`.
>>> df.collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')] | def collect(self):
"""Returns all the records as a list of :class:`Row`.
>>> df.collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
"""
with SCCallSiteSync(self._sc) as css:
sock_info = self._jdf.collectToPython()
return list(_load_from_socket(sock_info, BatchedSerializer(PickleSerializer()))) |
Returns an iterator that contains all of the rows in this :class:`DataFrame`.
The iterator will consume as much memory as the largest partition in this DataFrame.
>>> list(df.toLocalIterator())
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')] | def toLocalIterator(self):
"""
Returns an iterator that contains all of the rows in this :class:`DataFrame`.
The iterator will consume as much memory as the largest partition in this DataFrame.
>>> list(df.toLocalIterator())
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
"""
with SCCallSiteSync(self._sc) as css:
sock_info = self._jdf.toPythonIterator()
return _load_from_socket(sock_info, BatchedSerializer(PickleSerializer())) |
Limits the result count to the number specified.
>>> df.limit(1).collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')]
>>> df.limit(0).collect()
[] | def limit(self, num):
"""Limits the result count to the number specified.
>>> df.limit(1).collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')]
>>> df.limit(0).collect()
[]
"""
jdf = self._jdf.limit(num)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Sets the storage level to persist the contents of the :class:`DataFrame` across
operations after the first time it is computed. This can only be used to assign
a new storage level if the :class:`DataFrame` does not have a storage level set yet.
If no storage level is specified defaults to (C{MEMORY_AND_DISK}).
.. note:: The default storage level has changed to C{MEMORY_AND_DISK} to match Scala in 2.0. | def persist(self, storageLevel=StorageLevel.MEMORY_AND_DISK):
"""Sets the storage level to persist the contents of the :class:`DataFrame` across
operations after the first time it is computed. This can only be used to assign
a new storage level if the :class:`DataFrame` does not have a storage level set yet.
If no storage level is specified defaults to (C{MEMORY_AND_DISK}).
.. note:: The default storage level has changed to C{MEMORY_AND_DISK} to match Scala in 2.0.
"""
self.is_cached = True
javaStorageLevel = self._sc._getJavaStorageLevel(storageLevel)
self._jdf.persist(javaStorageLevel)
return self |
Get the :class:`DataFrame`'s current storage level.
>>> df.storageLevel
StorageLevel(False, False, False, False, 1)
>>> df.cache().storageLevel
StorageLevel(True, True, False, True, 1)
>>> df2.persist(StorageLevel.DISK_ONLY_2).storageLevel
StorageLevel(True, False, False, False, 2) | def storageLevel(self):
"""Get the :class:`DataFrame`'s current storage level.
>>> df.storageLevel
StorageLevel(False, False, False, False, 1)
>>> df.cache().storageLevel
StorageLevel(True, True, False, True, 1)
>>> df2.persist(StorageLevel.DISK_ONLY_2).storageLevel
StorageLevel(True, False, False, False, 2)
"""
java_storage_level = self._jdf.storageLevel()
storage_level = StorageLevel(java_storage_level.useDisk(),
java_storage_level.useMemory(),
java_storage_level.useOffHeap(),
java_storage_level.deserialized(),
java_storage_level.replication())
return storage_level |
Marks the :class:`DataFrame` as non-persistent, and remove all blocks for it from
memory and disk.
.. note:: `blocking` default has changed to False to match Scala in 2.0. | def unpersist(self, blocking=False):
"""Marks the :class:`DataFrame` as non-persistent, and remove all blocks for it from
memory and disk.
.. note:: `blocking` default has changed to False to match Scala in 2.0.
"""
self.is_cached = False
self._jdf.unpersist(blocking)
return self |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` that has exactly `numPartitions` partitions.
:param numPartitions: int, to specify the target number of partitions
Similar to coalesce defined on an :class:`RDD`, this operation results in a
narrow dependency, e.g. if you go from 1000 partitions to 100 partitions,
there will not be a shuffle, instead each of the 100 new partitions will
claim 10 of the current partitions. If a larger number of partitions is requested,
it will stay at the current number of partitions.
However, if you're doing a drastic coalesce, e.g. to numPartitions = 1,
this may result in your computation taking place on fewer nodes than
you like (e.g. one node in the case of numPartitions = 1). To avoid this,
you can call repartition(). This will add a shuffle step, but means the
current upstream partitions will be executed in parallel (per whatever
the current partitioning is).
>>> df.coalesce(1).rdd.getNumPartitions()
1 | def coalesce(self, numPartitions):
"""
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` that has exactly `numPartitions` partitions.
:param numPartitions: int, to specify the target number of partitions
Similar to coalesce defined on an :class:`RDD`, this operation results in a
narrow dependency, e.g. if you go from 1000 partitions to 100 partitions,
there will not be a shuffle, instead each of the 100 new partitions will
claim 10 of the current partitions. If a larger number of partitions is requested,
it will stay at the current number of partitions.
However, if you're doing a drastic coalesce, e.g. to numPartitions = 1,
this may result in your computation taking place on fewer nodes than
you like (e.g. one node in the case of numPartitions = 1). To avoid this,
you can call repartition(). This will add a shuffle step, but means the
current upstream partitions will be executed in parallel (per whatever
the current partitioning is).
>>> df.coalesce(1).rdd.getNumPartitions()
1
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.coalesce(numPartitions), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` partitioned by the given partitioning expressions. The
resulting DataFrame is hash partitioned.
:param numPartitions:
can be an int to specify the target number of partitions or a Column.
If it is a Column, it will be used as the first partitioning column. If not specified,
the default number of partitions is used.
.. versionchanged:: 1.6
Added optional arguments to specify the partitioning columns. Also made numPartitions
optional if partitioning columns are specified.
>>> df.repartition(10).rdd.getNumPartitions()
10
>>> data = df.union(df).repartition("age")
>>> data.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 5| Bob|
| 5| Bob|
| 2|Alice|
| 2|Alice|
+---+-----+
>>> data = data.repartition(7, "age")
>>> data.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
+---+-----+
>>> data.rdd.getNumPartitions()
7
>>> data = data.repartition("name", "age")
>>> data.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 5| Bob|
| 5| Bob|
| 2|Alice|
| 2|Alice|
+---+-----+ | def repartition(self, numPartitions, *cols):
"""
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` partitioned by the given partitioning expressions. The
resulting DataFrame is hash partitioned.
:param numPartitions:
can be an int to specify the target number of partitions or a Column.
If it is a Column, it will be used as the first partitioning column. If not specified,
the default number of partitions is used.
.. versionchanged:: 1.6
Added optional arguments to specify the partitioning columns. Also made numPartitions
optional if partitioning columns are specified.
>>> df.repartition(10).rdd.getNumPartitions()
10
>>> data = df.union(df).repartition("age")
>>> data.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 5| Bob|
| 5| Bob|
| 2|Alice|
| 2|Alice|
+---+-----+
>>> data = data.repartition(7, "age")
>>> data.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
+---+-----+
>>> data.rdd.getNumPartitions()
7
>>> data = data.repartition("name", "age")
>>> data.show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 5| Bob|
| 5| Bob|
| 2|Alice|
| 2|Alice|
+---+-----+
"""
if isinstance(numPartitions, int):
if len(cols) == 0:
return DataFrame(self._jdf.repartition(numPartitions), self.sql_ctx)
else:
return DataFrame(
self._jdf.repartition(numPartitions, self._jcols(*cols)), self.sql_ctx)
elif isinstance(numPartitions, (basestring, Column)):
cols = (numPartitions, ) + cols
return DataFrame(self._jdf.repartition(self._jcols(*cols)), self.sql_ctx)
else:
raise TypeError("numPartitions should be an int or Column") |
Returns a sampled subset of this :class:`DataFrame`.
:param withReplacement: Sample with replacement or not (default False).
:param fraction: Fraction of rows to generate, range [0.0, 1.0].
:param seed: Seed for sampling (default a random seed).
.. note:: This is not guaranteed to provide exactly the fraction specified of the total
count of the given :class:`DataFrame`.
.. note:: `fraction` is required and, `withReplacement` and `seed` are optional.
>>> df = spark.range(10)
>>> df.sample(0.5, 3).count()
7
>>> df.sample(fraction=0.5, seed=3).count()
7
>>> df.sample(withReplacement=True, fraction=0.5, seed=3).count()
1
>>> df.sample(1.0).count()
10
>>> df.sample(fraction=1.0).count()
10
>>> df.sample(False, fraction=1.0).count()
10 | def sample(self, withReplacement=None, fraction=None, seed=None):
"""Returns a sampled subset of this :class:`DataFrame`.
:param withReplacement: Sample with replacement or not (default False).
:param fraction: Fraction of rows to generate, range [0.0, 1.0].
:param seed: Seed for sampling (default a random seed).
.. note:: This is not guaranteed to provide exactly the fraction specified of the total
count of the given :class:`DataFrame`.
.. note:: `fraction` is required and, `withReplacement` and `seed` are optional.
>>> df = spark.range(10)
>>> df.sample(0.5, 3).count()
7
>>> df.sample(fraction=0.5, seed=3).count()
7
>>> df.sample(withReplacement=True, fraction=0.5, seed=3).count()
1
>>> df.sample(1.0).count()
10
>>> df.sample(fraction=1.0).count()
10
>>> df.sample(False, fraction=1.0).count()
10
"""
# For the cases below:
# sample(True, 0.5 [, seed])
# sample(True, fraction=0.5 [, seed])
# sample(withReplacement=False, fraction=0.5 [, seed])
is_withReplacement_set = \
type(withReplacement) == bool and isinstance(fraction, float)
# For the case below:
# sample(faction=0.5 [, seed])
is_withReplacement_omitted_kwargs = \
withReplacement is None and isinstance(fraction, float)
# For the case below:
# sample(0.5 [, seed])
is_withReplacement_omitted_args = isinstance(withReplacement, float)
if not (is_withReplacement_set
or is_withReplacement_omitted_kwargs
or is_withReplacement_omitted_args):
argtypes = [
str(type(arg)) for arg in [withReplacement, fraction, seed] if arg is not None]
raise TypeError(
"withReplacement (optional), fraction (required) and seed (optional)"
" should be a bool, float and number; however, "
"got [%s]." % ", ".join(argtypes))
if is_withReplacement_omitted_args:
if fraction is not None:
seed = fraction
fraction = withReplacement
withReplacement = None
seed = long(seed) if seed is not None else None
args = [arg for arg in [withReplacement, fraction, seed] if arg is not None]
jdf = self._jdf.sample(*args)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a stratified sample without replacement based on the
fraction given on each stratum.
:param col: column that defines strata
:param fractions:
sampling fraction for each stratum. If a stratum is not
specified, we treat its fraction as zero.
:param seed: random seed
:return: a new DataFrame that represents the stratified sample
>>> from pyspark.sql.functions import col
>>> dataset = sqlContext.range(0, 100).select((col("id") % 3).alias("key"))
>>> sampled = dataset.sampleBy("key", fractions={0: 0.1, 1: 0.2}, seed=0)
>>> sampled.groupBy("key").count().orderBy("key").show()
+---+-----+
|key|count|
+---+-----+
| 0| 3|
| 1| 6|
+---+-----+
>>> dataset.sampleBy(col("key"), fractions={2: 1.0}, seed=0).count()
33
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Added sampling by a column of :class:`Column` | def sampleBy(self, col, fractions, seed=None):
"""
Returns a stratified sample without replacement based on the
fraction given on each stratum.
:param col: column that defines strata
:param fractions:
sampling fraction for each stratum. If a stratum is not
specified, we treat its fraction as zero.
:param seed: random seed
:return: a new DataFrame that represents the stratified sample
>>> from pyspark.sql.functions import col
>>> dataset = sqlContext.range(0, 100).select((col("id") % 3).alias("key"))
>>> sampled = dataset.sampleBy("key", fractions={0: 0.1, 1: 0.2}, seed=0)
>>> sampled.groupBy("key").count().orderBy("key").show()
+---+-----+
|key|count|
+---+-----+
| 0| 3|
| 1| 6|
+---+-----+
>>> dataset.sampleBy(col("key"), fractions={2: 1.0}, seed=0).count()
33
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Added sampling by a column of :class:`Column`
"""
if isinstance(col, basestring):
col = Column(col)
elif not isinstance(col, Column):
raise ValueError("col must be a string or a column, but got %r" % type(col))
if not isinstance(fractions, dict):
raise ValueError("fractions must be a dict but got %r" % type(fractions))
for k, v in fractions.items():
if not isinstance(k, (float, int, long, basestring)):
raise ValueError("key must be float, int, long, or string, but got %r" % type(k))
fractions[k] = float(v)
col = col._jc
seed = seed if seed is not None else random.randint(0, sys.maxsize)
return DataFrame(self._jdf.stat().sampleBy(col, self._jmap(fractions), seed), self.sql_ctx) |
Randomly splits this :class:`DataFrame` with the provided weights.
:param weights: list of doubles as weights with which to split the DataFrame. Weights will
be normalized if they don't sum up to 1.0.
:param seed: The seed for sampling.
>>> splits = df4.randomSplit([1.0, 2.0], 24)
>>> splits[0].count()
2
>>> splits[1].count()
2 | def randomSplit(self, weights, seed=None):
"""Randomly splits this :class:`DataFrame` with the provided weights.
:param weights: list of doubles as weights with which to split the DataFrame. Weights will
be normalized if they don't sum up to 1.0.
:param seed: The seed for sampling.
>>> splits = df4.randomSplit([1.0, 2.0], 24)
>>> splits[0].count()
2
>>> splits[1].count()
2
"""
for w in weights:
if w < 0.0:
raise ValueError("Weights must be positive. Found weight value: %s" % w)
seed = seed if seed is not None else random.randint(0, sys.maxsize)
rdd_array = self._jdf.randomSplit(_to_list(self.sql_ctx._sc, weights), long(seed))
return [DataFrame(rdd, self.sql_ctx) for rdd in rdd_array] |
Returns all column names and their data types as a list.
>>> df.dtypes
[('age', 'int'), ('name', 'string')] | def dtypes(self):
"""Returns all column names and their data types as a list.
>>> df.dtypes
[('age', 'int'), ('name', 'string')]
"""
return [(str(f.name), f.dataType.simpleString()) for f in self.schema.fields] |
Selects column based on the column name specified as a regex and returns it
as :class:`Column`.
:param colName: string, column name specified as a regex.
>>> df = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("b", 2), ("c", 3)], ["Col1", "Col2"])
>>> df.select(df.colRegex("`(Col1)?+.+`")).show()
+----+
|Col2|
+----+
| 1|
| 2|
| 3|
+----+ | def colRegex(self, colName):
"""
Selects column based on the column name specified as a regex and returns it
as :class:`Column`.
:param colName: string, column name specified as a regex.
>>> df = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("b", 2), ("c", 3)], ["Col1", "Col2"])
>>> df.select(df.colRegex("`(Col1)?+.+`")).show()
+----+
|Col2|
+----+
| 1|
| 2|
| 3|
+----+
"""
if not isinstance(colName, basestring):
raise ValueError("colName should be provided as string")
jc = self._jdf.colRegex(colName)
return Column(jc) |
Returns the cartesian product with another :class:`DataFrame`.
:param other: Right side of the cartesian product.
>>> df.select("age", "name").collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df2.select("name", "height").collect()
[Row(name=u'Tom', height=80), Row(name=u'Bob', height=85)]
>>> df.crossJoin(df2.select("height")).select("age", "name", "height").collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice', height=80), Row(age=2, name=u'Alice', height=85),
Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', height=80), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', height=85)] | def crossJoin(self, other):
"""Returns the cartesian product with another :class:`DataFrame`.
:param other: Right side of the cartesian product.
>>> df.select("age", "name").collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df2.select("name", "height").collect()
[Row(name=u'Tom', height=80), Row(name=u'Bob', height=85)]
>>> df.crossJoin(df2.select("height")).select("age", "name", "height").collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice', height=80), Row(age=2, name=u'Alice', height=85),
Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', height=80), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', height=85)]
"""
jdf = self._jdf.crossJoin(other._jdf)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Joins with another :class:`DataFrame`, using the given join expression.
:param other: Right side of the join
:param on: a string for the join column name, a list of column names,
a join expression (Column), or a list of Columns.
If `on` is a string or a list of strings indicating the name of the join column(s),
the column(s) must exist on both sides, and this performs an equi-join.
:param how: str, default ``inner``. Must be one of: ``inner``, ``cross``, ``outer``,
``full``, ``fullouter``, ``full_outer``, ``left``, ``leftouter``, ``left_outer``,
``right``, ``rightouter``, ``right_outer``, ``semi``, ``leftsemi``, ``left_semi``,
``anti``, ``leftanti`` and ``left_anti``.
The following performs a full outer join between ``df1`` and ``df2``.
>>> df.join(df2, df.name == df2.name, 'outer').select(df.name, df2.height).collect()
[Row(name=None, height=80), Row(name=u'Bob', height=85), Row(name=u'Alice', height=None)]
>>> df.join(df2, 'name', 'outer').select('name', 'height').collect()
[Row(name=u'Tom', height=80), Row(name=u'Bob', height=85), Row(name=u'Alice', height=None)]
>>> cond = [df.name == df3.name, df.age == df3.age]
>>> df.join(df3, cond, 'outer').select(df.name, df3.age).collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=2), Row(name=u'Bob', age=5)]
>>> df.join(df2, 'name').select(df.name, df2.height).collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob', height=85)]
>>> df.join(df4, ['name', 'age']).select(df.name, df.age).collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob', age=5)] | def join(self, other, on=None, how=None):
"""Joins with another :class:`DataFrame`, using the given join expression.
:param other: Right side of the join
:param on: a string for the join column name, a list of column names,
a join expression (Column), or a list of Columns.
If `on` is a string or a list of strings indicating the name of the join column(s),
the column(s) must exist on both sides, and this performs an equi-join.
:param how: str, default ``inner``. Must be one of: ``inner``, ``cross``, ``outer``,
``full``, ``fullouter``, ``full_outer``, ``left``, ``leftouter``, ``left_outer``,
``right``, ``rightouter``, ``right_outer``, ``semi``, ``leftsemi``, ``left_semi``,
``anti``, ``leftanti`` and ``left_anti``.
The following performs a full outer join between ``df1`` and ``df2``.
>>> df.join(df2, df.name == df2.name, 'outer').select(df.name, df2.height).collect()
[Row(name=None, height=80), Row(name=u'Bob', height=85), Row(name=u'Alice', height=None)]
>>> df.join(df2, 'name', 'outer').select('name', 'height').collect()
[Row(name=u'Tom', height=80), Row(name=u'Bob', height=85), Row(name=u'Alice', height=None)]
>>> cond = [df.name == df3.name, df.age == df3.age]
>>> df.join(df3, cond, 'outer').select(df.name, df3.age).collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=2), Row(name=u'Bob', age=5)]
>>> df.join(df2, 'name').select(df.name, df2.height).collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob', height=85)]
>>> df.join(df4, ['name', 'age']).select(df.name, df.age).collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob', age=5)]
"""
if on is not None and not isinstance(on, list):
on = [on]
if on is not None:
if isinstance(on[0], basestring):
on = self._jseq(on)
else:
assert isinstance(on[0], Column), "on should be Column or list of Column"
on = reduce(lambda x, y: x.__and__(y), on)
on = on._jc
if on is None and how is None:
jdf = self._jdf.join(other._jdf)
else:
if how is None:
how = "inner"
if on is None:
on = self._jseq([])
assert isinstance(how, basestring), "how should be basestring"
jdf = self._jdf.join(other._jdf, on, how)
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` with an alias set.
:param alias: string, an alias name to be set for the DataFrame.
>>> from pyspark.sql.functions import *
>>> df_as1 = df.alias("df_as1")
>>> df_as2 = df.alias("df_as2")
>>> joined_df = df_as1.join(df_as2, col("df_as1.name") == col("df_as2.name"), 'inner')
>>> joined_df.select("df_as1.name", "df_as2.name", "df_as2.age").collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob', name=u'Bob', age=5), Row(name=u'Alice', name=u'Alice', age=2)] | def alias(self, alias):
"""Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` with an alias set.
:param alias: string, an alias name to be set for the DataFrame.
>>> from pyspark.sql.functions import *
>>> df_as1 = df.alias("df_as1")
>>> df_as2 = df.alias("df_as2")
>>> joined_df = df_as1.join(df_as2, col("df_as1.name") == col("df_as2.name"), 'inner')
>>> joined_df.select("df_as1.name", "df_as2.name", "df_as2.age").collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob', name=u'Bob', age=5), Row(name=u'Alice', name=u'Alice', age=2)]
"""
assert isinstance(alias, basestring), "alias should be a string"
return DataFrame(getattr(self._jdf, "as")(alias), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` with each partition sorted by the specified column(s).
:param cols: list of :class:`Column` or column names to sort by.
:param ascending: boolean or list of boolean (default True).
Sort ascending vs. descending. Specify list for multiple sort orders.
If a list is specified, length of the list must equal length of the `cols`.
>>> df.sortWithinPartitions("age", ascending=False).show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
+---+-----+ | def sortWithinPartitions(self, *cols, **kwargs):
"""Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` with each partition sorted by the specified column(s).
:param cols: list of :class:`Column` or column names to sort by.
:param ascending: boolean or list of boolean (default True).
Sort ascending vs. descending. Specify list for multiple sort orders.
If a list is specified, length of the list must equal length of the `cols`.
>>> df.sortWithinPartitions("age", ascending=False).show()
+---+-----+
|age| name|
+---+-----+
| 2|Alice|
| 5| Bob|
+---+-----+
"""
jdf = self._jdf.sortWithinPartitions(self._sort_cols(cols, kwargs))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Return a JVM Seq of Columns from a list of Column or names | def _jseq(self, cols, converter=None):
"""Return a JVM Seq of Columns from a list of Column or names"""
return _to_seq(self.sql_ctx._sc, cols, converter) |
Return a JVM Seq of Columns from a list of Column or column names
If `cols` has only one list in it, cols[0] will be used as the list. | def _jcols(self, *cols):
"""Return a JVM Seq of Columns from a list of Column or column names
If `cols` has only one list in it, cols[0] will be used as the list.
"""
if len(cols) == 1 and isinstance(cols[0], list):
cols = cols[0]
return self._jseq(cols, _to_java_column) |
Return a JVM Seq of Columns that describes the sort order | def _sort_cols(self, cols, kwargs):
""" Return a JVM Seq of Columns that describes the sort order
"""
if not cols:
raise ValueError("should sort by at least one column")
if len(cols) == 1 and isinstance(cols[0], list):
cols = cols[0]
jcols = [_to_java_column(c) for c in cols]
ascending = kwargs.get('ascending', True)
if isinstance(ascending, (bool, int)):
if not ascending:
jcols = [jc.desc() for jc in jcols]
elif isinstance(ascending, list):
jcols = [jc if asc else jc.desc()
for asc, jc in zip(ascending, jcols)]
else:
raise TypeError("ascending can only be boolean or list, but got %s" % type(ascending))
return self._jseq(jcols) |
Computes basic statistics for numeric and string columns.
This include count, mean, stddev, min, and max. If no columns are
given, this function computes statistics for all numerical or string columns.
.. note:: This function is meant for exploratory data analysis, as we make no
guarantee about the backward compatibility of the schema of the resulting DataFrame.
>>> df.describe(['age']).show()
+-------+------------------+
|summary| age|
+-------+------------------+
| count| 2|
| mean| 3.5|
| stddev|2.1213203435596424|
| min| 2|
| max| 5|
+-------+------------------+
>>> df.describe().show()
+-------+------------------+-----+
|summary| age| name|
+-------+------------------+-----+
| count| 2| 2|
| mean| 3.5| null|
| stddev|2.1213203435596424| null|
| min| 2|Alice|
| max| 5| Bob|
+-------+------------------+-----+
Use summary for expanded statistics and control over which statistics to compute. | def describe(self, *cols):
"""Computes basic statistics for numeric and string columns.
This include count, mean, stddev, min, and max. If no columns are
given, this function computes statistics for all numerical or string columns.
.. note:: This function is meant for exploratory data analysis, as we make no
guarantee about the backward compatibility of the schema of the resulting DataFrame.
>>> df.describe(['age']).show()
+-------+------------------+
|summary| age|
+-------+------------------+
| count| 2|
| mean| 3.5|
| stddev|2.1213203435596424|
| min| 2|
| max| 5|
+-------+------------------+
>>> df.describe().show()
+-------+------------------+-----+
|summary| age| name|
+-------+------------------+-----+
| count| 2| 2|
| mean| 3.5| null|
| stddev|2.1213203435596424| null|
| min| 2|Alice|
| max| 5| Bob|
+-------+------------------+-----+
Use summary for expanded statistics and control over which statistics to compute.
"""
if len(cols) == 1 and isinstance(cols[0], list):
cols = cols[0]
jdf = self._jdf.describe(self._jseq(cols))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Computes specified statistics for numeric and string columns. Available statistics are:
- count
- mean
- stddev
- min
- max
- arbitrary approximate percentiles specified as a percentage (eg, 75%)
If no statistics are given, this function computes count, mean, stddev, min,
approximate quartiles (percentiles at 25%, 50%, and 75%), and max.
.. note:: This function is meant for exploratory data analysis, as we make no
guarantee about the backward compatibility of the schema of the resulting DataFrame.
>>> df.summary().show()
+-------+------------------+-----+
|summary| age| name|
+-------+------------------+-----+
| count| 2| 2|
| mean| 3.5| null|
| stddev|2.1213203435596424| null|
| min| 2|Alice|
| 25%| 2| null|
| 50%| 2| null|
| 75%| 5| null|
| max| 5| Bob|
+-------+------------------+-----+
>>> df.summary("count", "min", "25%", "75%", "max").show()
+-------+---+-----+
|summary|age| name|
+-------+---+-----+
| count| 2| 2|
| min| 2|Alice|
| 25%| 2| null|
| 75%| 5| null|
| max| 5| Bob|
+-------+---+-----+
To do a summary for specific columns first select them:
>>> df.select("age", "name").summary("count").show()
+-------+---+----+
|summary|age|name|
+-------+---+----+
| count| 2| 2|
+-------+---+----+
See also describe for basic statistics. | def summary(self, *statistics):
"""Computes specified statistics for numeric and string columns. Available statistics are:
- count
- mean
- stddev
- min
- max
- arbitrary approximate percentiles specified as a percentage (eg, 75%)
If no statistics are given, this function computes count, mean, stddev, min,
approximate quartiles (percentiles at 25%, 50%, and 75%), and max.
.. note:: This function is meant for exploratory data analysis, as we make no
guarantee about the backward compatibility of the schema of the resulting DataFrame.
>>> df.summary().show()
+-------+------------------+-----+
|summary| age| name|
+-------+------------------+-----+
| count| 2| 2|
| mean| 3.5| null|
| stddev|2.1213203435596424| null|
| min| 2|Alice|
| 25%| 2| null|
| 50%| 2| null|
| 75%| 5| null|
| max| 5| Bob|
+-------+------------------+-----+
>>> df.summary("count", "min", "25%", "75%", "max").show()
+-------+---+-----+
|summary|age| name|
+-------+---+-----+
| count| 2| 2|
| min| 2|Alice|
| 25%| 2| null|
| 75%| 5| null|
| max| 5| Bob|
+-------+---+-----+
To do a summary for specific columns first select them:
>>> df.select("age", "name").summary("count").show()
+-------+---+----+
|summary|age|name|
+-------+---+----+
| count| 2| 2|
+-------+---+----+
See also describe for basic statistics.
"""
if len(statistics) == 1 and isinstance(statistics[0], list):
statistics = statistics[0]
jdf = self._jdf.summary(self._jseq(statistics))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns the first ``n`` rows.
.. note:: This method should only be used if the resulting array is expected
to be small, as all the data is loaded into the driver's memory.
:param n: int, default 1. Number of rows to return.
:return: If n is greater than 1, return a list of :class:`Row`.
If n is 1, return a single Row.
>>> df.head()
Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')
>>> df.head(1)
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')] | def head(self, n=None):
"""Returns the first ``n`` rows.
.. note:: This method should only be used if the resulting array is expected
to be small, as all the data is loaded into the driver's memory.
:param n: int, default 1. Number of rows to return.
:return: If n is greater than 1, return a list of :class:`Row`.
If n is 1, return a single Row.
>>> df.head()
Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')
>>> df.head(1)
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')]
"""
if n is None:
rs = self.head(1)
return rs[0] if rs else None
return self.take(n) |
Projects a set of expressions and returns a new :class:`DataFrame`.
:param cols: list of column names (string) or expressions (:class:`Column`).
If one of the column names is '*', that column is expanded to include all columns
in the current DataFrame.
>>> df.select('*').collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.select('name', 'age').collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=2), Row(name=u'Bob', age=5)]
>>> df.select(df.name, (df.age + 10).alias('age')).collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=12), Row(name=u'Bob', age=15)] | def select(self, *cols):
"""Projects a set of expressions and returns a new :class:`DataFrame`.
:param cols: list of column names (string) or expressions (:class:`Column`).
If one of the column names is '*', that column is expanded to include all columns
in the current DataFrame.
>>> df.select('*').collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.select('name', 'age').collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=2), Row(name=u'Bob', age=5)]
>>> df.select(df.name, (df.age + 10).alias('age')).collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=12), Row(name=u'Bob', age=15)]
"""
jdf = self._jdf.select(self._jcols(*cols))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Projects a set of SQL expressions and returns a new :class:`DataFrame`.
This is a variant of :func:`select` that accepts SQL expressions.
>>> df.selectExpr("age * 2", "abs(age)").collect()
[Row((age * 2)=4, abs(age)=2), Row((age * 2)=10, abs(age)=5)] | def selectExpr(self, *expr):
"""Projects a set of SQL expressions and returns a new :class:`DataFrame`.
This is a variant of :func:`select` that accepts SQL expressions.
>>> df.selectExpr("age * 2", "abs(age)").collect()
[Row((age * 2)=4, abs(age)=2), Row((age * 2)=10, abs(age)=5)]
"""
if len(expr) == 1 and isinstance(expr[0], list):
expr = expr[0]
jdf = self._jdf.selectExpr(self._jseq(expr))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Filters rows using the given condition.
:func:`where` is an alias for :func:`filter`.
:param condition: a :class:`Column` of :class:`types.BooleanType`
or a string of SQL expression.
>>> df.filter(df.age > 3).collect()
[Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.where(df.age == 2).collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')]
>>> df.filter("age > 3").collect()
[Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.where("age = 2").collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')] | def filter(self, condition):
"""Filters rows using the given condition.
:func:`where` is an alias for :func:`filter`.
:param condition: a :class:`Column` of :class:`types.BooleanType`
or a string of SQL expression.
>>> df.filter(df.age > 3).collect()
[Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.where(df.age == 2).collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')]
>>> df.filter("age > 3").collect()
[Row(age=5, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.where("age = 2").collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice')]
"""
if isinstance(condition, basestring):
jdf = self._jdf.filter(condition)
elif isinstance(condition, Column):
jdf = self._jdf.filter(condition._jc)
else:
raise TypeError("condition should be string or Column")
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Groups the :class:`DataFrame` using the specified columns,
so we can run aggregation on them. See :class:`GroupedData`
for all the available aggregate functions.
:func:`groupby` is an alias for :func:`groupBy`.
:param cols: list of columns to group by.
Each element should be a column name (string) or an expression (:class:`Column`).
>>> df.groupBy().avg().collect()
[Row(avg(age)=3.5)]
>>> sorted(df.groupBy('name').agg({'age': 'mean'}).collect())
[Row(name=u'Alice', avg(age)=2.0), Row(name=u'Bob', avg(age)=5.0)]
>>> sorted(df.groupBy(df.name).avg().collect())
[Row(name=u'Alice', avg(age)=2.0), Row(name=u'Bob', avg(age)=5.0)]
>>> sorted(df.groupBy(['name', df.age]).count().collect())
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=2, count=1), Row(name=u'Bob', age=5, count=1)] | def groupBy(self, *cols):
"""Groups the :class:`DataFrame` using the specified columns,
so we can run aggregation on them. See :class:`GroupedData`
for all the available aggregate functions.
:func:`groupby` is an alias for :func:`groupBy`.
:param cols: list of columns to group by.
Each element should be a column name (string) or an expression (:class:`Column`).
>>> df.groupBy().avg().collect()
[Row(avg(age)=3.5)]
>>> sorted(df.groupBy('name').agg({'age': 'mean'}).collect())
[Row(name=u'Alice', avg(age)=2.0), Row(name=u'Bob', avg(age)=5.0)]
>>> sorted(df.groupBy(df.name).avg().collect())
[Row(name=u'Alice', avg(age)=2.0), Row(name=u'Bob', avg(age)=5.0)]
>>> sorted(df.groupBy(['name', df.age]).count().collect())
[Row(name=u'Alice', age=2, count=1), Row(name=u'Bob', age=5, count=1)]
"""
jgd = self._jdf.groupBy(self._jcols(*cols))
from pyspark.sql.group import GroupedData
return GroupedData(jgd, self) |
Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing union of rows in this and another frame.
This is equivalent to `UNION ALL` in SQL. To do a SQL-style set union
(that does deduplication of elements), use this function followed by :func:`distinct`.
Also as standard in SQL, this function resolves columns by position (not by name). | def union(self, other):
""" Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing union of rows in this and another frame.
This is equivalent to `UNION ALL` in SQL. To do a SQL-style set union
(that does deduplication of elements), use this function followed by :func:`distinct`.
Also as standard in SQL, this function resolves columns by position (not by name).
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.union(other._jdf), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` containing union of rows in this and another frame.
This is different from both `UNION ALL` and `UNION DISTINCT` in SQL. To do a SQL-style set
union (that does deduplication of elements), use this function followed by :func:`distinct`.
The difference between this function and :func:`union` is that this function
resolves columns by name (not by position):
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], ["col0", "col1", "col2"])
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame([[4, 5, 6]], ["col1", "col2", "col0"])
>>> df1.unionByName(df2).show()
+----+----+----+
|col0|col1|col2|
+----+----+----+
| 1| 2| 3|
| 6| 4| 5|
+----+----+----+ | def unionByName(self, other):
""" Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` containing union of rows in this and another frame.
This is different from both `UNION ALL` and `UNION DISTINCT` in SQL. To do a SQL-style set
union (that does deduplication of elements), use this function followed by :func:`distinct`.
The difference between this function and :func:`union` is that this function
resolves columns by name (not by position):
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], ["col0", "col1", "col2"])
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame([[4, 5, 6]], ["col1", "col2", "col0"])
>>> df1.unionByName(df2).show()
+----+----+----+
|col0|col1|col2|
+----+----+----+
| 1| 2| 3|
| 6| 4| 5|
+----+----+----+
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.unionByName(other._jdf), self.sql_ctx) |
Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows only in
both this frame and another frame.
This is equivalent to `INTERSECT` in SQL. | def intersect(self, other):
""" Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows only in
both this frame and another frame.
This is equivalent to `INTERSECT` in SQL.
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.intersect(other._jdf), self.sql_ctx) |
Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows in both this dataframe and other
dataframe while preserving duplicates.
This is equivalent to `INTERSECT ALL` in SQL.
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("b", 3), ("c", 4)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("b", 3)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df1.intersectAll(df2).sort("C1", "C2").show()
+---+---+
| C1| C2|
+---+---+
| a| 1|
| a| 1|
| b| 3|
+---+---+
Also as standard in SQL, this function resolves columns by position (not by name). | def intersectAll(self, other):
""" Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows in both this dataframe and other
dataframe while preserving duplicates.
This is equivalent to `INTERSECT ALL` in SQL.
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("b", 3), ("c", 4)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame([("a", 1), ("a", 1), ("b", 3)], ["C1", "C2"])
>>> df1.intersectAll(df2).sort("C1", "C2").show()
+---+---+
| C1| C2|
+---+---+
| a| 1|
| a| 1|
| b| 3|
+---+---+
Also as standard in SQL, this function resolves columns by position (not by name).
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.intersectAll(other._jdf), self.sql_ctx) |
Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows in this frame
but not in another frame.
This is equivalent to `EXCEPT DISTINCT` in SQL. | def subtract(self, other):
""" Return a new :class:`DataFrame` containing rows in this frame
but not in another frame.
This is equivalent to `EXCEPT DISTINCT` in SQL.
"""
return DataFrame(getattr(self._jdf, "except")(other._jdf), self.sql_ctx) |
Return a new :class:`DataFrame` with duplicate rows removed,
optionally only considering certain columns.
For a static batch :class:`DataFrame`, it just drops duplicate rows. For a streaming
:class:`DataFrame`, it will keep all data across triggers as intermediate state to drop
duplicates rows. You can use :func:`withWatermark` to limit how late the duplicate data can
be and system will accordingly limit the state. In addition, too late data older than
watermark will be dropped to avoid any possibility of duplicates.
:func:`drop_duplicates` is an alias for :func:`dropDuplicates`.
>>> from pyspark.sql import Row
>>> df = sc.parallelize([ \\
... Row(name='Alice', age=5, height=80), \\
... Row(name='Alice', age=5, height=80), \\
... Row(name='Alice', age=10, height=80)]).toDF()
>>> df.dropDuplicates().show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 5| 80|Alice|
| 10| 80|Alice|
+---+------+-----+
>>> df.dropDuplicates(['name', 'height']).show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 5| 80|Alice|
+---+------+-----+ | def dropDuplicates(self, subset=None):
"""Return a new :class:`DataFrame` with duplicate rows removed,
optionally only considering certain columns.
For a static batch :class:`DataFrame`, it just drops duplicate rows. For a streaming
:class:`DataFrame`, it will keep all data across triggers as intermediate state to drop
duplicates rows. You can use :func:`withWatermark` to limit how late the duplicate data can
be and system will accordingly limit the state. In addition, too late data older than
watermark will be dropped to avoid any possibility of duplicates.
:func:`drop_duplicates` is an alias for :func:`dropDuplicates`.
>>> from pyspark.sql import Row
>>> df = sc.parallelize([ \\
... Row(name='Alice', age=5, height=80), \\
... Row(name='Alice', age=5, height=80), \\
... Row(name='Alice', age=10, height=80)]).toDF()
>>> df.dropDuplicates().show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 5| 80|Alice|
| 10| 80|Alice|
+---+------+-----+
>>> df.dropDuplicates(['name', 'height']).show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 5| 80|Alice|
+---+------+-----+
"""
if subset is None:
jdf = self._jdf.dropDuplicates()
else:
jdf = self._jdf.dropDuplicates(self._jseq(subset))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` omitting rows with null values.
:func:`DataFrame.dropna` and :func:`DataFrameNaFunctions.drop` are aliases of each other.
:param how: 'any' or 'all'.
If 'any', drop a row if it contains any nulls.
If 'all', drop a row only if all its values are null.
:param thresh: int, default None
If specified, drop rows that have less than `thresh` non-null values.
This overwrites the `how` parameter.
:param subset: optional list of column names to consider.
>>> df4.na.drop().show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 10| 80|Alice|
+---+------+-----+ | def dropna(self, how='any', thresh=None, subset=None):
"""Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` omitting rows with null values.
:func:`DataFrame.dropna` and :func:`DataFrameNaFunctions.drop` are aliases of each other.
:param how: 'any' or 'all'.
If 'any', drop a row if it contains any nulls.
If 'all', drop a row only if all its values are null.
:param thresh: int, default None
If specified, drop rows that have less than `thresh` non-null values.
This overwrites the `how` parameter.
:param subset: optional list of column names to consider.
>>> df4.na.drop().show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 10| 80|Alice|
+---+------+-----+
"""
if how is not None and how not in ['any', 'all']:
raise ValueError("how ('" + how + "') should be 'any' or 'all'")
if subset is None:
subset = self.columns
elif isinstance(subset, basestring):
subset = [subset]
elif not isinstance(subset, (list, tuple)):
raise ValueError("subset should be a list or tuple of column names")
if thresh is None:
thresh = len(subset) if how == 'any' else 1
return DataFrame(self._jdf.na().drop(thresh, self._jseq(subset)), self.sql_ctx) |
Replace null values, alias for ``na.fill()``.
:func:`DataFrame.fillna` and :func:`DataFrameNaFunctions.fill` are aliases of each other.
:param value: int, long, float, string, bool or dict.
Value to replace null values with.
If the value is a dict, then `subset` is ignored and `value` must be a mapping
from column name (string) to replacement value. The replacement value must be
an int, long, float, boolean, or string.
:param subset: optional list of column names to consider.
Columns specified in subset that do not have matching data type are ignored.
For example, if `value` is a string, and subset contains a non-string column,
then the non-string column is simply ignored.
>>> df4.na.fill(50).show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 10| 80|Alice|
| 5| 50| Bob|
| 50| 50| Tom|
| 50| 50| null|
+---+------+-----+
>>> df5.na.fill(False).show()
+----+-------+-----+
| age| name| spy|
+----+-------+-----+
| 10| Alice|false|
| 5| Bob|false|
|null|Mallory| true|
+----+-------+-----+
>>> df4.na.fill({'age': 50, 'name': 'unknown'}).show()
+---+------+-------+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-------+
| 10| 80| Alice|
| 5| null| Bob|
| 50| null| Tom|
| 50| null|unknown|
+---+------+-------+ | def fillna(self, value, subset=None):
"""Replace null values, alias for ``na.fill()``.
:func:`DataFrame.fillna` and :func:`DataFrameNaFunctions.fill` are aliases of each other.
:param value: int, long, float, string, bool or dict.
Value to replace null values with.
If the value is a dict, then `subset` is ignored and `value` must be a mapping
from column name (string) to replacement value. The replacement value must be
an int, long, float, boolean, or string.
:param subset: optional list of column names to consider.
Columns specified in subset that do not have matching data type are ignored.
For example, if `value` is a string, and subset contains a non-string column,
then the non-string column is simply ignored.
>>> df4.na.fill(50).show()
+---+------+-----+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-----+
| 10| 80|Alice|
| 5| 50| Bob|
| 50| 50| Tom|
| 50| 50| null|
+---+------+-----+
>>> df5.na.fill(False).show()
+----+-------+-----+
| age| name| spy|
+----+-------+-----+
| 10| Alice|false|
| 5| Bob|false|
|null|Mallory| true|
+----+-------+-----+
>>> df4.na.fill({'age': 50, 'name': 'unknown'}).show()
+---+------+-------+
|age|height| name|
+---+------+-------+
| 10| 80| Alice|
| 5| null| Bob|
| 50| null| Tom|
| 50| null|unknown|
+---+------+-------+
"""
if not isinstance(value, (float, int, long, basestring, bool, dict)):
raise ValueError("value should be a float, int, long, string, bool or dict")
# Note that bool validates isinstance(int), but we don't want to
# convert bools to floats
if not isinstance(value, bool) and isinstance(value, (int, long)):
value = float(value)
if isinstance(value, dict):
return DataFrame(self._jdf.na().fill(value), self.sql_ctx)
elif subset is None:
return DataFrame(self._jdf.na().fill(value), self.sql_ctx)
else:
if isinstance(subset, basestring):
subset = [subset]
elif not isinstance(subset, (list, tuple)):
raise ValueError("subset should be a list or tuple of column names")
return DataFrame(self._jdf.na().fill(value, self._jseq(subset)), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` replacing a value with another value.
:func:`DataFrame.replace` and :func:`DataFrameNaFunctions.replace` are
aliases of each other.
Values to_replace and value must have the same type and can only be numerics, booleans,
or strings. Value can have None. When replacing, the new value will be cast
to the type of the existing column.
For numeric replacements all values to be replaced should have unique
floating point representation. In case of conflicts (for example with `{42: -1, 42.0: 1}`)
and arbitrary replacement will be used.
:param to_replace: bool, int, long, float, string, list or dict.
Value to be replaced.
If the value is a dict, then `value` is ignored or can be omitted, and `to_replace`
must be a mapping between a value and a replacement.
:param value: bool, int, long, float, string, list or None.
The replacement value must be a bool, int, long, float, string or None. If `value` is a
list, `value` should be of the same length and type as `to_replace`.
If `value` is a scalar and `to_replace` is a sequence, then `value` is
used as a replacement for each item in `to_replace`.
:param subset: optional list of column names to consider.
Columns specified in subset that do not have matching data type are ignored.
For example, if `value` is a string, and subset contains a non-string column,
then the non-string column is simply ignored.
>>> df4.na.replace(10, 20).show()
+----+------+-----+
| age|height| name|
+----+------+-----+
| 20| 80|Alice|
| 5| null| Bob|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null| null|
+----+------+-----+
>>> df4.na.replace('Alice', None).show()
+----+------+----+
| age|height|name|
+----+------+----+
| 10| 80|null|
| 5| null| Bob|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null|null|
+----+------+----+
>>> df4.na.replace({'Alice': None}).show()
+----+------+----+
| age|height|name|
+----+------+----+
| 10| 80|null|
| 5| null| Bob|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null|null|
+----+------+----+
>>> df4.na.replace(['Alice', 'Bob'], ['A', 'B'], 'name').show()
+----+------+----+
| age|height|name|
+----+------+----+
| 10| 80| A|
| 5| null| B|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null|null|
+----+------+----+ | def replace(self, to_replace, value=_NoValue, subset=None):
"""Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` replacing a value with another value.
:func:`DataFrame.replace` and :func:`DataFrameNaFunctions.replace` are
aliases of each other.
Values to_replace and value must have the same type and can only be numerics, booleans,
or strings. Value can have None. When replacing, the new value will be cast
to the type of the existing column.
For numeric replacements all values to be replaced should have unique
floating point representation. In case of conflicts (for example with `{42: -1, 42.0: 1}`)
and arbitrary replacement will be used.
:param to_replace: bool, int, long, float, string, list or dict.
Value to be replaced.
If the value is a dict, then `value` is ignored or can be omitted, and `to_replace`
must be a mapping between a value and a replacement.
:param value: bool, int, long, float, string, list or None.
The replacement value must be a bool, int, long, float, string or None. If `value` is a
list, `value` should be of the same length and type as `to_replace`.
If `value` is a scalar and `to_replace` is a sequence, then `value` is
used as a replacement for each item in `to_replace`.
:param subset: optional list of column names to consider.
Columns specified in subset that do not have matching data type are ignored.
For example, if `value` is a string, and subset contains a non-string column,
then the non-string column is simply ignored.
>>> df4.na.replace(10, 20).show()
+----+------+-----+
| age|height| name|
+----+------+-----+
| 20| 80|Alice|
| 5| null| Bob|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null| null|
+----+------+-----+
>>> df4.na.replace('Alice', None).show()
+----+------+----+
| age|height|name|
+----+------+----+
| 10| 80|null|
| 5| null| Bob|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null|null|
+----+------+----+
>>> df4.na.replace({'Alice': None}).show()
+----+------+----+
| age|height|name|
+----+------+----+
| 10| 80|null|
| 5| null| Bob|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null|null|
+----+------+----+
>>> df4.na.replace(['Alice', 'Bob'], ['A', 'B'], 'name').show()
+----+------+----+
| age|height|name|
+----+------+----+
| 10| 80| A|
| 5| null| B|
|null| null| Tom|
|null| null|null|
+----+------+----+
"""
if value is _NoValue:
if isinstance(to_replace, dict):
value = None
else:
raise TypeError("value argument is required when to_replace is not a dictionary.")
# Helper functions
def all_of(types):
"""Given a type or tuple of types and a sequence of xs
check if each x is instance of type(s)
>>> all_of(bool)([True, False])
True
>>> all_of(basestring)(["a", 1])
False
"""
def all_of_(xs):
return all(isinstance(x, types) for x in xs)
return all_of_
all_of_bool = all_of(bool)
all_of_str = all_of(basestring)
all_of_numeric = all_of((float, int, long))
# Validate input types
valid_types = (bool, float, int, long, basestring, list, tuple)
if not isinstance(to_replace, valid_types + (dict, )):
raise ValueError(
"to_replace should be a bool, float, int, long, string, list, tuple, or dict. "
"Got {0}".format(type(to_replace)))
if not isinstance(value, valid_types) and value is not None \
and not isinstance(to_replace, dict):
raise ValueError("If to_replace is not a dict, value should be "
"a bool, float, int, long, string, list, tuple or None. "
"Got {0}".format(type(value)))
if isinstance(to_replace, (list, tuple)) and isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
if len(to_replace) != len(value):
raise ValueError("to_replace and value lists should be of the same length. "
"Got {0} and {1}".format(len(to_replace), len(value)))
if not (subset is None or isinstance(subset, (list, tuple, basestring))):
raise ValueError("subset should be a list or tuple of column names, "
"column name or None. Got {0}".format(type(subset)))
# Reshape input arguments if necessary
if isinstance(to_replace, (float, int, long, basestring)):
to_replace = [to_replace]
if isinstance(to_replace, dict):
rep_dict = to_replace
if value is not None:
warnings.warn("to_replace is a dict and value is not None. value will be ignored.")
else:
if isinstance(value, (float, int, long, basestring)) or value is None:
value = [value for _ in range(len(to_replace))]
rep_dict = dict(zip(to_replace, value))
if isinstance(subset, basestring):
subset = [subset]
# Verify we were not passed in mixed type generics.
if not any(all_of_type(rep_dict.keys())
and all_of_type(x for x in rep_dict.values() if x is not None)
for all_of_type in [all_of_bool, all_of_str, all_of_numeric]):
raise ValueError("Mixed type replacements are not supported")
if subset is None:
return DataFrame(self._jdf.na().replace('*', rep_dict), self.sql_ctx)
else:
return DataFrame(
self._jdf.na().replace(self._jseq(subset), self._jmap(rep_dict)), self.sql_ctx) |
Calculates the approximate quantiles of numerical columns of a
DataFrame.
The result of this algorithm has the following deterministic bound:
If the DataFrame has N elements and if we request the quantile at
probability `p` up to error `err`, then the algorithm will return
a sample `x` from the DataFrame so that the *exact* rank of `x` is
close to (p * N). More precisely,
floor((p - err) * N) <= rank(x) <= ceil((p + err) * N).
This method implements a variation of the Greenwald-Khanna
algorithm (with some speed optimizations). The algorithm was first
present in [[https://doi.org/10.1145/375663.375670
Space-efficient Online Computation of Quantile Summaries]]
by Greenwald and Khanna.
Note that null values will be ignored in numerical columns before calculation.
For columns only containing null values, an empty list is returned.
:param col: str, list.
Can be a single column name, or a list of names for multiple columns.
:param probabilities: a list of quantile probabilities
Each number must belong to [0, 1].
For example 0 is the minimum, 0.5 is the median, 1 is the maximum.
:param relativeError: The relative target precision to achieve
(>= 0). If set to zero, the exact quantiles are computed, which
could be very expensive. Note that values greater than 1 are
accepted but give the same result as 1.
:return: the approximate quantiles at the given probabilities. If
the input `col` is a string, the output is a list of floats. If the
input `col` is a list or tuple of strings, the output is also a
list, but each element in it is a list of floats, i.e., the output
is a list of list of floats.
.. versionchanged:: 2.2
Added support for multiple columns. | def approxQuantile(self, col, probabilities, relativeError):
"""
Calculates the approximate quantiles of numerical columns of a
DataFrame.
The result of this algorithm has the following deterministic bound:
If the DataFrame has N elements and if we request the quantile at
probability `p` up to error `err`, then the algorithm will return
a sample `x` from the DataFrame so that the *exact* rank of `x` is
close to (p * N). More precisely,
floor((p - err) * N) <= rank(x) <= ceil((p + err) * N).
This method implements a variation of the Greenwald-Khanna
algorithm (with some speed optimizations). The algorithm was first
present in [[https://doi.org/10.1145/375663.375670
Space-efficient Online Computation of Quantile Summaries]]
by Greenwald and Khanna.
Note that null values will be ignored in numerical columns before calculation.
For columns only containing null values, an empty list is returned.
:param col: str, list.
Can be a single column name, or a list of names for multiple columns.
:param probabilities: a list of quantile probabilities
Each number must belong to [0, 1].
For example 0 is the minimum, 0.5 is the median, 1 is the maximum.
:param relativeError: The relative target precision to achieve
(>= 0). If set to zero, the exact quantiles are computed, which
could be very expensive. Note that values greater than 1 are
accepted but give the same result as 1.
:return: the approximate quantiles at the given probabilities. If
the input `col` is a string, the output is a list of floats. If the
input `col` is a list or tuple of strings, the output is also a
list, but each element in it is a list of floats, i.e., the output
is a list of list of floats.
.. versionchanged:: 2.2
Added support for multiple columns.
"""
if not isinstance(col, (basestring, list, tuple)):
raise ValueError("col should be a string, list or tuple, but got %r" % type(col))
isStr = isinstance(col, basestring)
if isinstance(col, tuple):
col = list(col)
elif isStr:
col = [col]
for c in col:
if not isinstance(c, basestring):
raise ValueError("columns should be strings, but got %r" % type(c))
col = _to_list(self._sc, col)
if not isinstance(probabilities, (list, tuple)):
raise ValueError("probabilities should be a list or tuple")
if isinstance(probabilities, tuple):
probabilities = list(probabilities)
for p in probabilities:
if not isinstance(p, (float, int, long)) or p < 0 or p > 1:
raise ValueError("probabilities should be numerical (float, int, long) in [0,1].")
probabilities = _to_list(self._sc, probabilities)
if not isinstance(relativeError, (float, int, long)) or relativeError < 0:
raise ValueError("relativeError should be numerical (float, int, long) >= 0.")
relativeError = float(relativeError)
jaq = self._jdf.stat().approxQuantile(col, probabilities, relativeError)
jaq_list = [list(j) for j in jaq]
return jaq_list[0] if isStr else jaq_list |
Calculates the correlation of two columns of a DataFrame as a double value.
Currently only supports the Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
:func:`DataFrame.corr` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.corr` are aliases of each other.
:param col1: The name of the first column
:param col2: The name of the second column
:param method: The correlation method. Currently only supports "pearson" | def corr(self, col1, col2, method=None):
"""
Calculates the correlation of two columns of a DataFrame as a double value.
Currently only supports the Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
:func:`DataFrame.corr` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.corr` are aliases of each other.
:param col1: The name of the first column
:param col2: The name of the second column
:param method: The correlation method. Currently only supports "pearson"
"""
if not isinstance(col1, basestring):
raise ValueError("col1 should be a string.")
if not isinstance(col2, basestring):
raise ValueError("col2 should be a string.")
if not method:
method = "pearson"
if not method == "pearson":
raise ValueError("Currently only the calculation of the Pearson Correlation " +
"coefficient is supported.")
return self._jdf.stat().corr(col1, col2, method) |
Calculate the sample covariance for the given columns, specified by their names, as a
double value. :func:`DataFrame.cov` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.cov` are aliases.
:param col1: The name of the first column
:param col2: The name of the second column | def cov(self, col1, col2):
"""
Calculate the sample covariance for the given columns, specified by their names, as a
double value. :func:`DataFrame.cov` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.cov` are aliases.
:param col1: The name of the first column
:param col2: The name of the second column
"""
if not isinstance(col1, basestring):
raise ValueError("col1 should be a string.")
if not isinstance(col2, basestring):
raise ValueError("col2 should be a string.")
return self._jdf.stat().cov(col1, col2) |
Computes a pair-wise frequency table of the given columns. Also known as a contingency
table. The number of distinct values for each column should be less than 1e4. At most 1e6
non-zero pair frequencies will be returned.
The first column of each row will be the distinct values of `col1` and the column names
will be the distinct values of `col2`. The name of the first column will be `$col1_$col2`.
Pairs that have no occurrences will have zero as their counts.
:func:`DataFrame.crosstab` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.crosstab` are aliases.
:param col1: The name of the first column. Distinct items will make the first item of
each row.
:param col2: The name of the second column. Distinct items will make the column names
of the DataFrame. | def crosstab(self, col1, col2):
"""
Computes a pair-wise frequency table of the given columns. Also known as a contingency
table. The number of distinct values for each column should be less than 1e4. At most 1e6
non-zero pair frequencies will be returned.
The first column of each row will be the distinct values of `col1` and the column names
will be the distinct values of `col2`. The name of the first column will be `$col1_$col2`.
Pairs that have no occurrences will have zero as their counts.
:func:`DataFrame.crosstab` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.crosstab` are aliases.
:param col1: The name of the first column. Distinct items will make the first item of
each row.
:param col2: The name of the second column. Distinct items will make the column names
of the DataFrame.
"""
if not isinstance(col1, basestring):
raise ValueError("col1 should be a string.")
if not isinstance(col2, basestring):
raise ValueError("col2 should be a string.")
return DataFrame(self._jdf.stat().crosstab(col1, col2), self.sql_ctx) |
Finding frequent items for columns, possibly with false positives. Using the
frequent element count algorithm described in
"https://doi.org/10.1145/762471.762473, proposed by Karp, Schenker, and Papadimitriou".
:func:`DataFrame.freqItems` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.freqItems` are aliases.
.. note:: This function is meant for exploratory data analysis, as we make no
guarantee about the backward compatibility of the schema of the resulting DataFrame.
:param cols: Names of the columns to calculate frequent items for as a list or tuple of
strings.
:param support: The frequency with which to consider an item 'frequent'. Default is 1%.
The support must be greater than 1e-4. | def freqItems(self, cols, support=None):
"""
Finding frequent items for columns, possibly with false positives. Using the
frequent element count algorithm described in
"https://doi.org/10.1145/762471.762473, proposed by Karp, Schenker, and Papadimitriou".
:func:`DataFrame.freqItems` and :func:`DataFrameStatFunctions.freqItems` are aliases.
.. note:: This function is meant for exploratory data analysis, as we make no
guarantee about the backward compatibility of the schema of the resulting DataFrame.
:param cols: Names of the columns to calculate frequent items for as a list or tuple of
strings.
:param support: The frequency with which to consider an item 'frequent'. Default is 1%.
The support must be greater than 1e-4.
"""
if isinstance(cols, tuple):
cols = list(cols)
if not isinstance(cols, list):
raise ValueError("cols must be a list or tuple of column names as strings.")
if not support:
support = 0.01
return DataFrame(self._jdf.stat().freqItems(_to_seq(self._sc, cols), support), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` by adding a column or replacing the
existing column that has the same name.
The column expression must be an expression over this DataFrame; attempting to add
a column from some other dataframe will raise an error.
:param colName: string, name of the new column.
:param col: a :class:`Column` expression for the new column.
.. note:: This method introduces a projection internally. Therefore, calling it multiple
times, for instance, via loops in order to add multiple columns can generate big
plans which can cause performance issues and even `StackOverflowException`.
To avoid this, use :func:`select` with the multiple columns at once.
>>> df.withColumn('age2', df.age + 2).collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice', age2=4), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', age2=7)] | def withColumn(self, colName, col):
"""
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` by adding a column or replacing the
existing column that has the same name.
The column expression must be an expression over this DataFrame; attempting to add
a column from some other dataframe will raise an error.
:param colName: string, name of the new column.
:param col: a :class:`Column` expression for the new column.
.. note:: This method introduces a projection internally. Therefore, calling it multiple
times, for instance, via loops in order to add multiple columns can generate big
plans which can cause performance issues and even `StackOverflowException`.
To avoid this, use :func:`select` with the multiple columns at once.
>>> df.withColumn('age2', df.age + 2).collect()
[Row(age=2, name=u'Alice', age2=4), Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', age2=7)]
"""
assert isinstance(col, Column), "col should be Column"
return DataFrame(self._jdf.withColumn(colName, col._jc), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` by renaming an existing column.
This is a no-op if schema doesn't contain the given column name.
:param existing: string, name of the existing column to rename.
:param new: string, new name of the column.
>>> df.withColumnRenamed('age', 'age2').collect()
[Row(age2=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age2=5, name=u'Bob')] | def withColumnRenamed(self, existing, new):
"""Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` by renaming an existing column.
This is a no-op if schema doesn't contain the given column name.
:param existing: string, name of the existing column to rename.
:param new: string, new name of the column.
>>> df.withColumnRenamed('age', 'age2').collect()
[Row(age2=2, name=u'Alice'), Row(age2=5, name=u'Bob')]
"""
return DataFrame(self._jdf.withColumnRenamed(existing, new), self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` that drops the specified column.
This is a no-op if schema doesn't contain the given column name(s).
:param cols: a string name of the column to drop, or a
:class:`Column` to drop, or a list of string name of the columns to drop.
>>> df.drop('age').collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice'), Row(name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.drop(df.age).collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice'), Row(name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.join(df2, df.name == df2.name, 'inner').drop(df.name).collect()
[Row(age=5, height=85, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.join(df2, df.name == df2.name, 'inner').drop(df2.name).collect()
[Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', height=85)]
>>> df.join(df2, 'name', 'inner').drop('age', 'height').collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob')] | def drop(self, *cols):
"""Returns a new :class:`DataFrame` that drops the specified column.
This is a no-op if schema doesn't contain the given column name(s).
:param cols: a string name of the column to drop, or a
:class:`Column` to drop, or a list of string name of the columns to drop.
>>> df.drop('age').collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice'), Row(name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.drop(df.age).collect()
[Row(name=u'Alice'), Row(name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.join(df2, df.name == df2.name, 'inner').drop(df.name).collect()
[Row(age=5, height=85, name=u'Bob')]
>>> df.join(df2, df.name == df2.name, 'inner').drop(df2.name).collect()
[Row(age=5, name=u'Bob', height=85)]
>>> df.join(df2, 'name', 'inner').drop('age', 'height').collect()
[Row(name=u'Bob')]
"""
if len(cols) == 1:
col = cols[0]
if isinstance(col, basestring):
jdf = self._jdf.drop(col)
elif isinstance(col, Column):
jdf = self._jdf.drop(col._jc)
else:
raise TypeError("col should be a string or a Column")
else:
for col in cols:
if not isinstance(col, basestring):
raise TypeError("each col in the param list should be a string")
jdf = self._jdf.drop(self._jseq(cols))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new class:`DataFrame` that with new specified column names
:param cols: list of new column names (string)
>>> df.toDF('f1', 'f2').collect()
[Row(f1=2, f2=u'Alice'), Row(f1=5, f2=u'Bob')] | def toDF(self, *cols):
"""Returns a new class:`DataFrame` that with new specified column names
:param cols: list of new column names (string)
>>> df.toDF('f1', 'f2').collect()
[Row(f1=2, f2=u'Alice'), Row(f1=5, f2=u'Bob')]
"""
jdf = self._jdf.toDF(self._jseq(cols))
return DataFrame(jdf, self.sql_ctx) |
Returns a new class:`DataFrame`. Concise syntax for chaining custom transformations.
:param func: a function that takes and returns a class:`DataFrame`.
>>> from pyspark.sql.functions import col
>>> df = spark.createDataFrame([(1, 1.0), (2, 2.0)], ["int", "float"])
>>> def cast_all_to_int(input_df):
... return input_df.select([col(col_name).cast("int") for col_name in input_df.columns])
>>> def sort_columns_asc(input_df):
... return input_df.select(*sorted(input_df.columns))
>>> df.transform(cast_all_to_int).transform(sort_columns_asc).show()
+-----+---+
|float|int|
+-----+---+
| 1| 1|
| 2| 2|
+-----+---+ | def transform(self, func):
"""Returns a new class:`DataFrame`. Concise syntax for chaining custom transformations.
:param func: a function that takes and returns a class:`DataFrame`.
>>> from pyspark.sql.functions import col
>>> df = spark.createDataFrame([(1, 1.0), (2, 2.0)], ["int", "float"])
>>> def cast_all_to_int(input_df):
... return input_df.select([col(col_name).cast("int") for col_name in input_df.columns])
>>> def sort_columns_asc(input_df):
... return input_df.select(*sorted(input_df.columns))
>>> df.transform(cast_all_to_int).transform(sort_columns_asc).show()
+-----+---+
|float|int|
+-----+---+
| 1| 1|
| 2| 2|
+-----+---+
"""
result = func(self)
assert isinstance(result, DataFrame), "Func returned an instance of type [%s], " \
"should have been DataFrame." % type(result)
return result |
Returns the contents of this :class:`DataFrame` as Pandas ``pandas.DataFrame``.
This is only available if Pandas is installed and available.
.. note:: This method should only be used if the resulting Pandas's DataFrame is expected
to be small, as all the data is loaded into the driver's memory.
.. note:: Usage with spark.sql.execution.arrow.enabled=True is experimental.
>>> df.toPandas() # doctest: +SKIP
age name
0 2 Alice
1 5 Bob | def toPandas(self):
"""
Returns the contents of this :class:`DataFrame` as Pandas ``pandas.DataFrame``.
This is only available if Pandas is installed and available.
.. note:: This method should only be used if the resulting Pandas's DataFrame is expected
to be small, as all the data is loaded into the driver's memory.
.. note:: Usage with spark.sql.execution.arrow.enabled=True is experimental.
>>> df.toPandas() # doctest: +SKIP
age name
0 2 Alice
1 5 Bob
"""
from pyspark.sql.utils import require_minimum_pandas_version
require_minimum_pandas_version()
import pandas as pd
if self.sql_ctx._conf.pandasRespectSessionTimeZone():
timezone = self.sql_ctx._conf.sessionLocalTimeZone()
else:
timezone = None
if self.sql_ctx._conf.arrowEnabled():
use_arrow = True
try:
from pyspark.sql.types import to_arrow_schema
from pyspark.sql.utils import require_minimum_pyarrow_version
require_minimum_pyarrow_version()
to_arrow_schema(self.schema)
except Exception as e:
if self.sql_ctx._conf.arrowFallbackEnabled():
msg = (
"toPandas attempted Arrow optimization because "
"'spark.sql.execution.arrow.enabled' is set to true; however, "
"failed by the reason below:\n %s\n"
"Attempting non-optimization as "
"'spark.sql.execution.arrow.fallback.enabled' is set to "
"true." % _exception_message(e))
warnings.warn(msg)
use_arrow = False
else:
msg = (
"toPandas attempted Arrow optimization because "
"'spark.sql.execution.arrow.enabled' is set to true, but has reached "
"the error below and will not continue because automatic fallback "
"with 'spark.sql.execution.arrow.fallback.enabled' has been set to "
"false.\n %s" % _exception_message(e))
warnings.warn(msg)
raise
# Try to use Arrow optimization when the schema is supported and the required version
# of PyArrow is found, if 'spark.sql.execution.arrow.enabled' is enabled.
if use_arrow:
try:
from pyspark.sql.types import _check_dataframe_localize_timestamps
import pyarrow
batches = self._collectAsArrow()
if len(batches) > 0:
table = pyarrow.Table.from_batches(batches)
# Pandas DataFrame created from PyArrow uses datetime64[ns] for date type
# values, but we should use datetime.date to match the behavior with when
# Arrow optimization is disabled.
pdf = table.to_pandas(date_as_object=True)
return _check_dataframe_localize_timestamps(pdf, timezone)
else:
return pd.DataFrame.from_records([], columns=self.columns)
except Exception as e:
# We might have to allow fallback here as well but multiple Spark jobs can
# be executed. So, simply fail in this case for now.
msg = (
"toPandas attempted Arrow optimization because "
"'spark.sql.execution.arrow.enabled' is set to true, but has reached "
"the error below and can not continue. Note that "
"'spark.sql.execution.arrow.fallback.enabled' does not have an effect "
"on failures in the middle of computation.\n %s" % _exception_message(e))
warnings.warn(msg)
raise
# Below is toPandas without Arrow optimization.
pdf = pd.DataFrame.from_records(self.collect(), columns=self.columns)
dtype = {}
for field in self.schema:
pandas_type = _to_corrected_pandas_type(field.dataType)
# SPARK-21766: if an integer field is nullable and has null values, it can be
# inferred by pandas as float column. Once we convert the column with NaN back
# to integer type e.g., np.int16, we will hit exception. So we use the inferred
# float type, not the corrected type from the schema in this case.
if pandas_type is not None and \
not(isinstance(field.dataType, IntegralType) and field.nullable and
pdf[field.name].isnull().any()):
dtype[field.name] = pandas_type
for f, t in dtype.items():
pdf[f] = pdf[f].astype(t, copy=False)
if timezone is None:
return pdf
else:
from pyspark.sql.types import _check_series_convert_timestamps_local_tz
for field in self.schema:
# TODO: handle nested timestamps, such as ArrayType(TimestampType())?
if isinstance(field.dataType, TimestampType):
pdf[field.name] = \
_check_series_convert_timestamps_local_tz(pdf[field.name], timezone)
return pdf |
Returns all records as a list of ArrowRecordBatches, pyarrow must be installed
and available on driver and worker Python environments.
.. note:: Experimental. | def _collectAsArrow(self):
"""
Returns all records as a list of ArrowRecordBatches, pyarrow must be installed
and available on driver and worker Python environments.
.. note:: Experimental.
"""
with SCCallSiteSync(self._sc) as css:
sock_info = self._jdf.collectAsArrowToPython()
# Collect list of un-ordered batches where last element is a list of correct order indices
results = list(_load_from_socket(sock_info, ArrowCollectSerializer()))
batches = results[:-1]
batch_order = results[-1]
# Re-order the batch list using the correct order
return [batches[i] for i in batch_order] |
Returns the :class:`StatCounter` members as a ``dict``.
>>> sc.parallelize([1., 2., 3., 4.]).stats().asDict()
{'count': 4L,
'max': 4.0,
'mean': 2.5,
'min': 1.0,
'stdev': 1.2909944487358056,
'sum': 10.0,
'variance': 1.6666666666666667} | def asDict(self, sample=False):
"""Returns the :class:`StatCounter` members as a ``dict``.
>>> sc.parallelize([1., 2., 3., 4.]).stats().asDict()
{'count': 4L,
'max': 4.0,
'mean': 2.5,
'min': 1.0,
'stdev': 1.2909944487358056,
'sum': 10.0,
'variance': 1.6666666666666667}
"""
return {
'count': self.count(),
'mean': self.mean(),
'sum': self.sum(),
'min': self.min(),
'max': self.max(),
'stdev': self.stdev() if sample else self.sampleStdev(),
'variance': self.variance() if sample else self.sampleVariance()
} |
Returns a list of function information via JVM. Sorts wrapped expression infos by name
and returns them. | def _list_function_infos(jvm):
"""
Returns a list of function information via JVM. Sorts wrapped expression infos by name
and returns them.
"""
jinfos = jvm.org.apache.spark.sql.api.python.PythonSQLUtils.listBuiltinFunctionInfos()
infos = []
for jinfo in jinfos:
name = jinfo.getName()
usage = jinfo.getUsage()
usage = usage.replace("_FUNC_", name) if usage is not None else usage
infos.append(ExpressionInfo(
className=jinfo.getClassName(),
name=name,
usage=usage,
arguments=jinfo.getArguments().replace("_FUNC_", name),
examples=jinfo.getExamples().replace("_FUNC_", name),
note=jinfo.getNote(),
since=jinfo.getSince(),
deprecated=jinfo.getDeprecated()))
return sorted(infos, key=lambda i: i.name) |
Makes the usage description pretty and returns a formatted string if `usage`
is not an empty string. Otherwise, returns None. | def _make_pretty_usage(usage):
"""
Makes the usage description pretty and returns a formatted string if `usage`
is not an empty string. Otherwise, returns None.
"""
if usage is not None and usage.strip() != "":
usage = "\n".join(map(lambda u: u.strip(), usage.split("\n")))
return "%s\n\n" % usage |
Makes the arguments description pretty and returns a formatted string if `arguments`
starts with the argument prefix. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
Arguments:
* arg0 - ...
...
* arg0 - ...
...
Expected output:
**Arguments:**
* arg0 - ...
...
* arg0 - ...
... | def _make_pretty_arguments(arguments):
"""
Makes the arguments description pretty and returns a formatted string if `arguments`
starts with the argument prefix. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
Arguments:
* arg0 - ...
...
* arg0 - ...
...
Expected output:
**Arguments:**
* arg0 - ...
...
* arg0 - ...
...
"""
if arguments.startswith("\n Arguments:"):
arguments = "\n".join(map(lambda u: u[6:], arguments.strip().split("\n")[1:]))
return "**Arguments:**\n\n%s\n\n" % arguments |
Makes the examples description pretty and returns a formatted string if `examples`
starts with the example prefix. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
Examples:
> SELECT ...;
...
> SELECT ...;
...
Expected output:
**Examples:**
```
> SELECT ...;
...
> SELECT ...;
...
``` | def _make_pretty_examples(examples):
"""
Makes the examples description pretty and returns a formatted string if `examples`
starts with the example prefix. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
Examples:
> SELECT ...;
...
> SELECT ...;
...
Expected output:
**Examples:**
```
> SELECT ...;
...
> SELECT ...;
...
```
"""
if examples.startswith("\n Examples:"):
examples = "\n".join(map(lambda u: u[6:], examples.strip().split("\n")[1:]))
return "**Examples:**\n\n```\n%s\n```\n\n" % examples |
Makes the note description pretty and returns a formatted string if `note` is not
an empty string. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
...
Expected output:
**Note:**
... | def _make_pretty_note(note):
"""
Makes the note description pretty and returns a formatted string if `note` is not
an empty string. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
...
Expected output:
**Note:**
...
"""
if note != "":
note = "\n".join(map(lambda n: n[4:], note.split("\n")))
return "**Note:**\n%s\n" % note |
Makes the deprecated description pretty and returns a formatted string if `deprecated`
is not an empty string. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
...
Expected output:
**Deprecated:**
... | def _make_pretty_deprecated(deprecated):
"""
Makes the deprecated description pretty and returns a formatted string if `deprecated`
is not an empty string. Otherwise, returns None.
Expected input:
...
Expected output:
**Deprecated:**
...
"""
if deprecated != "":
deprecated = "\n".join(map(lambda n: n[4:], deprecated.split("\n")))
return "**Deprecated:**\n%s\n" % deprecated |
Generates a markdown file after listing the function information. The output file
is created in `path`.
Expected output:
### NAME
USAGE
**Arguments:**
ARGUMENTS
**Examples:**
```
EXAMPLES
```
**Note:**
NOTE
**Since:** SINCE
**Deprecated:**
DEPRECATED
<br/> | def generate_sql_markdown(jvm, path):
"""
Generates a markdown file after listing the function information. The output file
is created in `path`.
Expected output:
### NAME
USAGE
**Arguments:**
ARGUMENTS
**Examples:**
```
EXAMPLES
```
**Note:**
NOTE
**Since:** SINCE
**Deprecated:**
DEPRECATED
<br/>
"""
with open(path, 'w') as mdfile:
for info in _list_function_infos(jvm):
name = info.name
usage = _make_pretty_usage(info.usage)
arguments = _make_pretty_arguments(info.arguments)
examples = _make_pretty_examples(info.examples)
note = _make_pretty_note(info.note)
since = info.since
deprecated = _make_pretty_deprecated(info.deprecated)
mdfile.write("### %s\n\n" % name)
if usage is not None:
mdfile.write("%s\n\n" % usage.strip())
if arguments is not None:
mdfile.write(arguments)
if examples is not None:
mdfile.write(examples)
if note is not None:
mdfile.write(note)
if since is not None and since != "":
mdfile.write("**Since:** %s\n\n" % since.strip())
if deprecated is not None:
mdfile.write(deprecated)
mdfile.write("<br/>\n\n") |
Predict values for a single data point or an RDD of points
using the model trained. | def predict(self, x):
"""
Predict values for a single data point or an RDD of points
using the model trained.
"""
if isinstance(x, RDD):
return x.map(lambda v: self.predict(v))
x = _convert_to_vector(x)
if self.numClasses == 2:
margin = self.weights.dot(x) + self._intercept
if margin > 0:
prob = 1 / (1 + exp(-margin))
else:
exp_margin = exp(margin)
prob = exp_margin / (1 + exp_margin)
if self._threshold is None:
return prob
else:
return 1 if prob > self._threshold else 0
else:
best_class = 0
max_margin = 0.0
if x.size + 1 == self._dataWithBiasSize:
for i in range(0, self._numClasses - 1):
margin = x.dot(self._weightsMatrix[i][0:x.size]) + \
self._weightsMatrix[i][x.size]
if margin > max_margin:
max_margin = margin
best_class = i + 1
else:
for i in range(0, self._numClasses - 1):
margin = x.dot(self._weightsMatrix[i])
if margin > max_margin:
max_margin = margin
best_class = i + 1
return best_class |
Save this model to the given path. | def save(self, sc, path):
"""
Save this model to the given path.
"""
java_model = sc._jvm.org.apache.spark.mllib.classification.LogisticRegressionModel(
_py2java(sc, self._coeff), self.intercept, self.numFeatures, self.numClasses)
java_model.save(sc._jsc.sc(), path) |
Train a logistic regression model on the given data.
:param data:
The training data, an RDD of LabeledPoint.
:param iterations:
The number of iterations.
(default: 100)
:param initialWeights:
The initial weights.
(default: None)
:param regParam:
The regularizer parameter.
(default: 0.0)
:param regType:
The type of regularizer used for training our model.
Supported values:
- "l1" for using L1 regularization
- "l2" for using L2 regularization (default)
- None for no regularization
:param intercept:
Boolean parameter which indicates the use or not of the
augmented representation for training data (i.e., whether bias
features are activated or not).
(default: False)
:param corrections:
The number of corrections used in the LBFGS update.
If a known updater is used for binary classification,
it calls the ml implementation and this parameter will
have no effect. (default: 10)
:param tolerance:
The convergence tolerance of iterations for L-BFGS.
(default: 1e-6)
:param validateData:
Boolean parameter which indicates if the algorithm should
validate data before training.
(default: True)
:param numClasses:
The number of classes (i.e., outcomes) a label can take in
Multinomial Logistic Regression.
(default: 2)
>>> data = [
... LabeledPoint(0.0, [0.0, 1.0]),
... LabeledPoint(1.0, [1.0, 0.0]),
... ]
>>> lrm = LogisticRegressionWithLBFGS.train(sc.parallelize(data), iterations=10)
>>> lrm.predict([1.0, 0.0])
1
>>> lrm.predict([0.0, 1.0])
0 | def train(cls, data, iterations=100, initialWeights=None, regParam=0.0, regType="l2",
intercept=False, corrections=10, tolerance=1e-6, validateData=True, numClasses=2):
"""
Train a logistic regression model on the given data.
:param data:
The training data, an RDD of LabeledPoint.
:param iterations:
The number of iterations.
(default: 100)
:param initialWeights:
The initial weights.
(default: None)
:param regParam:
The regularizer parameter.
(default: 0.0)
:param regType:
The type of regularizer used for training our model.
Supported values:
- "l1" for using L1 regularization
- "l2" for using L2 regularization (default)
- None for no regularization
:param intercept:
Boolean parameter which indicates the use or not of the
augmented representation for training data (i.e., whether bias
features are activated or not).
(default: False)
:param corrections:
The number of corrections used in the LBFGS update.
If a known updater is used for binary classification,
it calls the ml implementation and this parameter will
have no effect. (default: 10)
:param tolerance:
The convergence tolerance of iterations for L-BFGS.
(default: 1e-6)
:param validateData:
Boolean parameter which indicates if the algorithm should
validate data before training.
(default: True)
:param numClasses:
The number of classes (i.e., outcomes) a label can take in
Multinomial Logistic Regression.
(default: 2)
>>> data = [
... LabeledPoint(0.0, [0.0, 1.0]),
... LabeledPoint(1.0, [1.0, 0.0]),
... ]
>>> lrm = LogisticRegressionWithLBFGS.train(sc.parallelize(data), iterations=10)
>>> lrm.predict([1.0, 0.0])
1
>>> lrm.predict([0.0, 1.0])
0
"""
def train(rdd, i):
return callMLlibFunc("trainLogisticRegressionModelWithLBFGS", rdd, int(iterations), i,
float(regParam), regType, bool(intercept), int(corrections),
float(tolerance), bool(validateData), int(numClasses))
if initialWeights is None:
if numClasses == 2:
initialWeights = [0.0] * len(data.first().features)
else:
if intercept:
initialWeights = [0.0] * (len(data.first().features) + 1) * (numClasses - 1)
else:
initialWeights = [0.0] * len(data.first().features) * (numClasses - 1)
return _regression_train_wrapper(train, LogisticRegressionModel, data, initialWeights) |