app.py

import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd
import io
import base64
import uuid
import pixeltable as pxt
from pixeltable.iterators import DocumentSplitter
import numpy as np
from pixeltable.functions.huggingface import sentence_transformer
from pixeltable.functions import openai
from gradio.themes import Monochrome

import os
import getpass

# Store API keys
if 'OPENAI_API_KEY' not in os.environ:
    os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API key:')

# Set up embedding function
@pxt.expr_udf
def e5_embed(text: str) -> np.ndarray:
    return sentence_transformer(text, model_id='intfloat/e5-large-v2')

# Create prompt function
@pxt.udf
def create_prompt(top_k_list: list[dict], question: str) -> str:
    concat_top_k = '\n\n'.join(
        elt['text'] for elt in reversed(top_k_list)
    )
    return f'''
    PASSAGES:
    {concat_top_k}
    QUESTION:
    {question}'''

def process_files(pdf_files, chunk_limit, chunk_separator):
    # Initialize Pixeltable
    pxt.drop_dir('chatbot_demo', force=True)
    pxt.create_dir('chatbot_demo')

    # Create a table to store the uploaded PDF documents
    t = pxt.create_table(
    'chatbot_demo.documents',
    {'document': pxt.DocumentType(nullable=True),
     'question': pxt.StringType(nullable=True)}
    )

    # Insert the PDF files into the documents table
    t.insert({'document': file.name} for file in pdf_files if file.name.endswith('.pdf'))

    # Create a view that splits the documents into smaller chunks
    chunks_t = pxt.create_view(
        'chatbot_demo.chunks',
        t,
        iterator=DocumentSplitter.create(
            document=t.document,
            separators=chunk_separator,
            limit=chunk_limit if chunk_separator in ["token_limit", "char_limit"] else None,
            metadata='title,heading,sourceline'
        )
    )

    # Add an embedding index to the chunks for similarity search
    chunks_t.add_embedding_index('text', string_embed=e5_embed)

    @chunks_t.query
    def top_k(query_text: str):
        sim = chunks_t.text.similarity(query_text)
        return (
            chunks_t.order_by(sim, asc=False)
                .select(chunks_t.text, sim=sim)
                .limit(5)
        )

    # Add computed columns to the table for context retrieval and prompt creation
    t['question_context'] = chunks_t.top_k(t.question)
    t['prompt'] = create_prompt(
        t.question_context, t.question
    )

    # Prepare messages for the API
    msgs = [
        {
            'role': 'system',
            'content': 'Answer questions using only the provided context. If the context lacks sufficient information, state this clearly.'
        },
        {
            'role': 'user',
            'content': t.prompt
        }
    ]

    # Add OpenAI response column
    t['response'] = openai.chat_completions(
        model='gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18',
        messages=msgs,
        max_tokens=300,
        top_p=0.9,
        temperature=0.7
    )

    # Extract the answer text from the API response
    t['gpt4omini'] = t.response.choices[0].message.content

    return "Files processed successfully!"

def get_answer(msg):

    t = pxt.get_table('chatbot_demo.documents')
    chunks_t = pxt.get_table('chatbot_demo.chunks')

    # Insert the question into the table
    t.insert([{'question': msg}])

    answer = t.select(t.gpt4omini).where(t.question == msg).collect()['gpt4omini'][0]

    return answer

def respond(message, chat_history):
    bot_message = get_answer(message)
    chat_history.append((message, bot_message))
    return "", chat_history

# Gradio interface
with gr.Blocks(theme=Monochrome()) as demo:
    gr.Markdown(
        """
        <div>
            <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pixeltable/pixeltable/main/docs/source/data/pixeltable-logo-large.png" alt="Pixeltable" style="max-width: 200px; margin-bottom: 20px;" />
            <h1 style="margin-bottom: 0.5em;">AI Chatbot With Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)</h1>
        </div>
        """
    )
    gr.HTML(
        """
        <p>
            <a href="https://github.com/pixeltable/pixeltable" target="_blank" style="color: #F25022; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Pixeltable</a> is a declarative interface for working with text, images, embeddings, and even video, enabling you to store, transform, index, and iterate on data.
        </p>
        
        <div style="background-color: #E5DDD4; border: 1px solid #e9ecef; color: #000000; border-radius: 8px; padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
            <strong style="color: #000000">Disclaimer:</strong> This app is best run on your own hardware with a GPU for optimal performance. This Hugging Face Space uses the free tier (2vCPU, 16GB RAM), which results in slower processing times. If you wish to use this app with your own hardware for improved performance, you can <a href="https://huggingface.co/spaces/Pixeltable/AI-Chatbot-With-Retrieval-Augmented-Generation?duplicate=true" target="_blank" style="color: #4D148C; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">duplicate this Hugging Face Space</a>, run it locally, or use Google Colab with the Free limited GPU support.
        </div>
        """
    )

    with gr.Row():
        with gr.Column():  
           with gr.Accordion("What This Demo Does", open = True):
            gr.Markdown("""
            - Upload multiple PDF documents.
            - Process and index the content of these documents.
            - Ask questions about the content and Receive AI-generated answers that are grounded.
         """)
        with gr.Column():  
          with gr.Accordion("How does it work?", open = True):
            gr.Markdown("""
            - When a user asks a question, the system searches for the most relevant chunks of text from the uploaded documents.
            - It then uses these relevant chunks as context for a large language model (LLM) to generate an answer.
            - The LLM formulates a response based on the provided context and the user's question.
          """)

    with gr.Row():
        with gr.Column(scale=1):
            pdf_files = gr.File(label="Upload PDF Documents", file_count="multiple")
            chunk_limit = gr.Slider(minimum=100, maximum=500, value=300, step=5, label="Chunk Size Limit")
            chunk_separator = gr.Dropdown(
                choices=["token_limit", "char_limit", "sentence", "paragraph", "heading"],
                value="token_limit",
                label="Chunk Separator"
            )
            process_button = gr.Button("Process Files")
            process_output = gr.Textbox(label="Processing Output")

        with gr.Column(scale=2):
            chatbot = gr.Chatbot(label="Chat History")
            msg = gr.Textbox(label="Your Question", placeholder="Ask a question about the uploaded documents")
            submit = gr.Button("Submit")

    process_button.click(process_files, inputs=[pdf_files, chunk_limit, chunk_separator], outputs=[process_output])
    submit.click(respond, inputs=[msg, chatbot], outputs=[msg, chatbot])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    demo.launch()