chunk
stringlengths 0
39.4k
| embedding
sequencelengths 1.02k
1.02k
|
|---|---|
Greco-Roman (Mid- and Neo-Platonic, and Aristotelian) texts translated by the Kindi school were commented, redacted and developed substantially by Islamic intellectuals, who also built upon Persian and Indian mathematical systems, astronomy, algebra, trigonometry and medicine. The Samanid dynasty in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia as well as the Buyid dynasty in the western part of Persia and Iraq provided a thriving atmosphere for scholarly and cultural development. Under the Samanids, Bukhara rivaled Baghdad as a cultural capital of the Islamic world. There, the study of the Quran and the Hadith thrived. Philosophy, Fiqh and theology (kalaam) were further developed, most noticeably by Avicenna and his opponents. Al-Razi and Al-Farabi had provided methodology and knowledge in medicine and philosophy. Avicenna had access to the great libraries of Balkh, Khwarezm, Gorgan, Rey, Isfahan and Hamadan. Various texts (such as the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar) show that he debated philosophical points with the greatest scholars of the time. Aruzi Samarqandi describes how before Avicenna left Khwarezm he had met Al-Biruni (a famous scientist and astronomer), Abu Nasr Iraqi (a renowned mathematician), Abu Sahl Masihi (a respected philosopher) and Abu al-Khayr Khammar (a great physician). Biography
Early life and education
Avicenna was born in in the village of Afshana in Transoxiana to a family of Persian stock. The village was near the Samanid capital of Bukhara, which was his mother's hometown. His father Abd Allah was a native of the city of Balkh in Tukharistan. | [
0.5336914062,
-0.2406005859,
0.873046875,
-0.8344726562,
-0.2702636719,
0.6577148438,
-0.3420410156,
0.3630371094,
-0.3195800781,
0.3752441406,
-0.0969848633,
0.8979492188,
0.0704345703,
0.1434326172,
1.126953125,
0.2819824219,
-0.0022125244,
-0.4045410156,
-0.3996582031,
-0.1867675781,
-0.6630859375,
-1.265625,
-0.3369140625,
-1.078125,
-0.5473632812,
-1.0439453125,
0.654296875,
0.0895996094,
-0.1115722656,
0.0334777832,
0.548828125,
0.0510559082,
0.2614746094,
-0.583984375,
-0.5952148438,
-0.0054969788,
0.9072265625,
-0.5532226562,
-0.8564453125,
0.2027587891,
-1.2783203125,
-0.1486816406,
-1.0439453125,
0.1900634766,
0.2709960938,
0.4958496094,
0.0460205078,
0.5029296875,
-0.3718261719,
-0.3752441406,
-0.9965820312,
0.0783081055,
-1.1474609375,
0.3488769531,
0.1837158203,
0.2980957031,
0.8334960938,
-1.798828125,
-0.2275390625,
-1.458984375,
-0.8237304688,
-0.028427124,
0.4812011719,
-0.1813964844,
0.3564453125,
-1.07421875,
-0.1544189453,
-1.4423828125,
0.4660644531,
0.6997070312,
-1.150390625,
-0.071472168,
-0.6040039062,
0.1201171875,
-0.0568237305,
-0.3400878906,
1.080078125,
0.7890625,
-0.3825683594,
-0.3413085938,
0.4338378906,
-1.4267578125,
-0.2414550781,
-0.7485351562,
0.6162109375,
1.0947265625,
0.4875488281,
0.0502624512,
-0.1602783203,
0.9799804688,
0.2644042969,
-0.5737304688,
-0.4338378906,
-0.3342285156,
0.6806640625,
0.4890136719,
0.0279998779,
-1.001953125,
-0.3996582031,
-0.1741943359,
-0.2536621094,
-1.00390625,
-0.3269042969,
-0.4946289062,
0.1177978516,
0.7939453125,
-0.1649169922,
-0.8833007812,
0.0355224609,
-0.1359863281,
0.1522216797,
-0.220703125,
0.5791015625,
0.9677734375,
0.7998046875,
-0.2387695312,
-0.3103027344,
-0.2944335938,
-0.3195800781,
-0.0225372314,
-0.2023925781,
1.255859375,
-0.7348632812,
-0.70703125,
0.6240234375,
0.3012695312,
-0.7666015625,
0.6411132812,
0.0549316406,
0.4860839844,
-0.2663574219,
0.0296020508,
-0.6577148438,
-0.8344726562,
0.4558105469,
-0.0612182617,
-0.1848144531,
-0.0805664062,
0.004070282,
0.2474365234,
-1.0810546875,
0.048828125,
-0.0270996094,
0.0012655258,
0.2800292969,
0.1019897461,
-0.0726318359,
1.0810546875,
-0.1853027344,
-0.1365966797,
0.7221679688,
-0.6147460938,
0.6206054688,
-0.2183837891,
-0.470703125,
0.1154785156,
0.212890625,
-0.7387695312,
0.3188476562,
-0.2175292969,
-0.6254882812,
0.1730957031,
-1.1552734375,
0.7963867188,
-0.4985351562,
0.6298828125,
-0.8500976562,
0.7768554688,
0.9692382812,
0.1325683594,
-0.8110351562,
0.1710205078,
0.5209960938,
0.2124023438,
0.9033203125,
-0.3786621094,
0.6528320312,
0.0514831543,
0.1035766602,
-0.0390625,
0.4035644531,
-1.2265625,
0.3112792969,
-0.4250488281,
0.8012695312,
0.7397460938,
-0.0204772949,
-0.3732910156,
-0.421875,
-0.515625,
-1.1279296875,
-0.1591796875,
-0.271484375,
0.108215332,
-1.0986328125,
-1.75,
-0.4050292969,
0.5122070312,
-0.4616699219,
-0.1937255859,
-0.0778198242,
0.8779296875,
0.0840454102,
-0.5317382812,
0.1851806641,
-0.6352539062,
0.4904785156,
1.19140625,
-0.8271484375,
-0.4304199219,
-0.3342285156,
-0.2034912109,
-0.0737915039,
0.4533691406,
0.2097167969,
0.0853881836,
0.1168212891,
-0.5888671875,
0.8364257812,
-0.3879394531,
-0.2824707031,
-0.2423095703,
-0.8334960938,
-0.0674438477,
-1.951171875,
0.0521240234,
-0.9736328125,
0.9091796875,
-0.1328125,
0.7358398438,
0.0789794922,
-0.1591796875,
-0.4694824219,
0.4208984375,
0.1879882812,
-0.060546875,
0.3459472656,
-0.2717285156,
0.0950927734,
-0.2056884766,
0.1873779297,
-0.5170898438,
0.4946289062,
-0.9853515625,
0.9301757812,
0.654296875,
0.4079589844,
1.4892578125,
0.3439941406,
0.3176269531,
0.802734375,
0.63671875,
-0.0793457031,
-0.3139648438,
0.3803710938,
0.2663574219,
0.0220336914,
0.4401855469,
0.779296875,
0.7841796875,
-0.0953979492,
0.1912841797,
1.251953125,
-0.5390625,
-0.6630859375,
-0.0360107422,
-0.4506835938,
-1.3310546875,
0.3063964844,
0.6215820312,
0.2064208984,
0.837890625,
0.1901855469,
-0.654296875,
0.9721679688,
0.7973632812,
0.2196044922,
-0.0610351562,
0.2109375,
-0.0561828613,
-0.6948242188,
-0.4770507812,
-0.0950317383,
-0.4213867188,
0.5747070312,
-0.6162109375,
0.6416015625,
0.8012695312,
0.6372070312,
-0.7641601562,
-0.1473388672,
-0.1194458008,
0.2729492188,
-0.0914306641,
0.3732910156,
0.4094238281,
0.4040527344,
0.123840332,
0.7265625,
-0.3015136719,
0.5405273438,
1.32421875,
-0.0245819092,
-0.3674316406,
0.5107421875,
0.9233398438,
-0.4729003906,
1.1103515625,
0.3017578125,
-0.94921875,
-0.2357177734,
-0.9194335938,
-0.7407226562,
-0.8520507812,
-0.3688964844,
-0.0016746521,
-1.009765625,
1.0205078125,
-0.0745849609,
0.7690429688,
0.3247070312,
-0.701171875,
-0.2415771484,
0.0103149414,
-1.037109375,
0.5947265625,
-0.4731445312,
-0.5854492188,
1.8525390625,
-0.341796875,
0.0361328125,
-0.2110595703,
0.1091918945,
0.1496582031,
0.8266601562,
0.5727539062,
0.5170898438,
-0.1923828125,
-0.4975585938,
-0.365234375,
-0.0394287109,
0.8017578125,
0.2866210938,
1.1923828125,
0.6025390625,
1.0830078125,
-0.1296386719,
0.4326171875,
0.3647460938,
-0.1328125,
1.0458984375,
-0.82421875,
-0.4567871094,
-0.5234375,
0.7797851562,
0.3308105469,
-0.1627197266,
0.4204101562,
-0.1923828125,
0.970703125,
-0.3381347656,
-0.349609375,
-1.7607421875,
0.3823242188,
-0.408203125,
0.2307128906,
-0.2758789062,
-0.3991699219,
0.3781738281,
0.3793945312,
0.3657226562,
-0.1312255859,
-1.1875,
0.1065673828,
1.130859375,
-0.4897460938,
-0.7358398438,
1.4296875,
-0.677734375,
-0.0828857422,
0.8608398438,
-0.5092773438,
-0.4409179688,
0.0739135742,
0.2573242188,
-0.0413208008,
-0.6469726562,
1.033203125,
-1.1962890625,
0.2185058594,
0.4919433594,
0.5810546875,
-0.2934570312,
0.2858886719,
-0.3955078125,
-0.2250976562,
1.2890625,
-0.9116210938,
-0.4919433594,
0.6157226562,
0.0989990234,
0.2271728516,
0.5083007812,
0.6840820312,
0.2722167969,
-0.5258789062,
2.10546875,
-0.384765625,
-0.6450195312,
0.2702636719,
-0.0251312256,
-0.3325195312,
-0.2595214844,
-0.0363769531,
-0.6767578125,
-0.1767578125,
-0.7973632812,
1.1298828125,
0.9799804688,
0.7055664062,
-0.3154296875,
0.4619140625,
-0.8623046875,
-0.0023002625,
0.5908203125,
0.7607421875,
-0.0273590088,
0.2763671875,
-0.3928222656,
-0.654296875,
-0.6948242188,
0.13671875,
-0.3894042969,
1.0634765625,
0.0491943359,
0.3295898438,
0.4609375,
-1.154296875,
-0.4697265625,
-0.2053222656,
-0.1610107422,
0.4812011719,
-0.2770996094,
0.5092773438,
0.5219726562,
0.1088867188,
-0.1474609375,
-1.3466796875,
0.4985351562,
-1.271484375,
0.0563964844,
0.1691894531,
1.162109375,
0.4819335938,
1.0869140625,
-0.765625,
0.4895019531,
0.0800170898,
0.5278320312,
0.4973144531,
0.1853027344,
-0.1514892578,
-0.7436523438,
0.0557250977,
-0.7373046875,
-2.083984375,
-0.6708984375,
-0.42578125,
-0.3505859375,
-0.2834472656,
0.1215209961,
0.1896972656,
-0.4663085938,
0.1512451172,
-0.2844238281,
0.2336425781,
0.8701171875,
1.087890625,
-0.1086425781,
0.1123046875,
0.7485351562,
0.1453857422,
0.4899902344,
-0.2766113281,
-0.4011230469,
-0.1252441406,
-0.26953125,
-0.50390625,
-0.0117340088,
-1.7978515625,
-0.1455078125,
0.3459472656,
-1.2109375,
-0.3129882812,
-0.1606445312,
-0.1546630859,
-0.2692871094,
-0.4885253906,
-0.3728027344,
-0.6293945312,
-0.7934570312,
-0.087097168,
0.1125488281,
-0.0241699219,
-0.59765625,
0.9028320312,
-0.3525390625,
-0.0229492188,
0.6650390625,
0.8784179688,
0.689453125,
-0.2954101562,
1.9150390625,
-0.1345214844,
0.0583496094,
-0.3884277344,
-1.2705078125,
-0.5581054688,
-0.3146972656,
0.7333984375,
0.6743164062,
0.0470275879,
0.4521484375,
-0.9213867188,
-0.94921875,
-0.1172485352,
0.2631835938,
-1.1611328125,
-0.3815917969,
-0.4770507812,
0.0381774902,
0.4528808594,
0.0548095703,
0.2819824219,
-0.2435302734,
-0.548828125,
0.3115234375,
0.4855957031,
0.7299804688,
0.833984375,
0.1530761719,
-0.6098632812,
0.2359619141,
-0.52734375,
1.580078125,
-0.0888671875,
0.5390625,
0.9672851562,
0.5454101562,
0.6083984375,
0.1206054688,
-0.3471679688,
-0.5009765625,
-0.0419921875,
0.2239990234,
-0.1374511719,
-0.1854248047,
-0.537109375,
0.3830566406,
-0.3586425781,
-0.1136474609,
-0.4509277344,
-0.3422851562,
0.5278320312,
0.1748046875,
0.8471679688,
0.33984375,
-0.8383789062,
-0.6796875,
-0.5102539062,
-0.4262695312,
-0.6962890625,
1.4970703125,
0.1466064453,
0.1477050781,
0.1613769531,
0.0461425781,
-0.7006835938,
0.3237304688,
0.6708984375,
-0.3120117188,
1.248046875,
-0.576171875,
-1.4716796875,
0.1232299805,
0.4592285156,
1.1162109375,
-1.5556640625,
-0.890625,
-0.423828125,
-0.58203125,
-0.0906982422,
-0.1950683594,
0.2470703125,
0.4985351562,
0.1809082031,
-1.2890625,
-1.7763671875,
-0.4853515625,
-0.1110229492,
0.1857910156,
-0.2756347656,
1.8271484375,
0.1541748047,
0.998046875,
-0.2436523438,
0.2702636719,
0.4982910156,
-0.5795898438,
0.8671875,
0.8447265625,
-0.0045623779,
0.2043457031,
-0.1491699219,
0.7250976562,
1.3251953125,
-0.4499511719,
0.1293945312,
0.3095703125,
-1.0087890625,
0.2524414062,
-0.1001586914,
0.1364746094,
0.0424194336,
0.4653320312,
-0.4875488281,
-0.0809326172,
0.2666015625,
0.3522949219,
-1.140625,
0.2641601562,
-0.5869140625,
-0.5927734375,
0.6782226562,
0.3015136719,
-0.208984375,
-0.9638671875,
1.5263671875,
0.2666015625,
0.0888061523,
0.6196289062,
-0.2668457031,
0.2600097656,
-0.837890625,
-0.9638671875,
-0.1018066406,
-0.1420898438,
-0.0064849854,
-1.5947265625,
0.0203399658,
0.6049804688,
-0.1544189453,
0.96875,
0.2153320312,
0.0159454346,
-0.4587402344,
0.4064941406,
-1.8955078125,
1.4052734375,
0.1168823242,
0.3537597656,
0.7666015625,
-0.87890625,
-0.9228515625,
-0.0378723145,
-0.1157226562,
0.3728027344,
-0.3068847656,
-0.0848999023,
0.2768554688,
0.4899902344,
-0.8271484375,
0.619140625,
0.703125,
-0.1492919922,
-0.3984375,
-0.2189941406,
0.5395507812,
-0.0050773621,
0.2504882812,
0.3618164062,
0.2690429688,
0.2873535156,
-0.0534667969,
0.0822753906,
-0.7216796875,
-0.1772460938,
0.0775146484,
0.1661376953,
0.3996582031,
0.2077636719,
-1.001953125,
-0.9921875,
0.4040527344,
-0.4094238281,
-0.7827148438,
-0.2302246094,
0.2548828125,
0.1333007812,
-0.1983642578,
-0.1784667969,
0.2573242188,
-0.7890625,
0.0552978516,
-0.2478027344,
0.4306640625,
-0.2116699219,
-1.0771484375,
-0.2529296875,
0.3369140625,
-0.6025390625,
0.3442382812,
0.4990234375,
0.36328125,
-0.2121582031,
-0.2113037109,
-0.0029640198,
-1.1689453125,
0.30859375,
-0.1531982422,
-0.6469726562,
0.9506835938,
0.2165527344,
-0.1151123047,
0.2939453125,
-0.1516113281,
-0.65625,
-0.2017822266,
0.9243164062,
-0.6318359375,
0.3510742188,
-0.6015625,
-0.8540039062,
-0.1508789062,
0.1180419922,
0.0146713257,
0.1870117188,
0.0151824951,
1.0009765625,
0.6494140625,
0.3547363281,
0.2282714844,
0.5795898438,
-0.1817626953,
-1.6298828125,
-0.2219238281,
1.5146484375,
0.4455566406,
0.0731201172,
-0.8569335938,
-0.1888427734,
0.4025878906,
-0.6088867188,
-0.51171875,
-0.5551757812,
0.1512451172,
0.3095703125,
-0.4291992188,
-0.2829589844,
0.56640625,
-0.1958007812,
0.0527648926,
-0.3642578125,
0.462890625,
0.875,
0.4008789062,
-0.0582275391,
0.8232421875,
0.067199707,
0.3481445312,
0.0815429688,
0.6767578125,
0.6694335938,
-0.3088378906,
-0.1075439453,
-0.100769043,
0.6362304688,
-0.3728027344,
0.2978515625,
0.1851806641,
-0.2863769531,
-0.0095672607,
-0.4768066406,
0.5659179688,
-0.4768066406,
0.0058822632,
0.0462646484,
0.4580078125,
-1.990234375,
-0.1938476562,
0.0810546875,
-0.3247070312,
0.3186035156,
0.1228637695,
-0.3674316406,
0.1759033203,
0.0805664062,
-0.8588867188,
-0.4594726562,
0.1575927734,
1.130859375,
0.3522949219,
-0.3173828125,
-0.9140625,
0.0439453125,
0.8681640625,
0.9990234375,
-0.8974609375,
-0.580078125,
0.5083007812,
-0.08203125,
0.814453125,
-0.0022926331,
0.0895996094,
-0.1158447266,
-1.1484375,
0.0768432617,
0.0205841064,
0.1889648438,
-0.3745117188,
0.4453125,
-0.8872070312,
0.0061683655,
0.0601196289,
1.44140625,
-0.1240234375,
0.3747558594,
-0.4248046875,
-0.3259277344,
-0.2027587891,
-0.9731445312,
0.1997070312,
-0.1776123047,
0.34765625,
-0.5405273438,
0.2893066406,
-0.8334960938,
1.09375,
-0.2462158203,
-0.7338867188,
-0.6420898438,
-0.5288085938,
0.1951904297,
0.8212890625,
0.9057617188,
0.4802246094,
0.7036132812,
-0.3344726562,
0.1833496094,
0.0991210938,
0.1550292969,
-0.1131591797,
-0.3139648438,
0.5673828125,
-0.0102157593,
-0.3657226562,
0.4279785156,
-1.6240234375,
-0.6279296875,
-0.6870117188,
1.107421875,
-0.3159179688,
-1.400390625,
0.0902709961,
-0.0497741699,
-0.4399414062,
-0.0443115234,
0.421875,
0.4487304688,
-0.4064941406,
0.4848632812,
-0.529296875,
0.7158203125,
-0.369140625,
-1.375,
-0.8955078125,
-0.5498046875,
-0.1302490234,
-1.2001953125,
-0.3176269531,
0.0986328125,
0.546875,
0.0449523926,
-0.28125,
-0.416015625,
0.0755615234,
0.5610351562,
-0.3542480469,
-0.447265625,
0.0043106079,
-0.0516662598,
-0.6416015625,
0.6611328125,
1.0302734375,
0.1301269531,
-0.6474609375,
0.0844726562,
0.1912841797,
0.065612793,
0.3107910156,
-0.5590820312,
0.1549072266,
-0.3903808594,
0.2888183594,
0.5483398438,
0.5375976562,
-0.0625610352,
-0.1586914062,
-0.034362793,
0.4799804688,
-1.2138671875,
-0.1477050781,
-0.0241699219,
0.4916992188,
0.0793457031,
0.8623046875,
0.4611816406,
-0.0704345703,
0.2277832031,
-0.2578125,
-1.1767578125,
-0.8540039062,
-0.5380859375,
-0.9370117188,
-0.5766601562,
0.6293945312,
0.0502319336,
-0.5864257812,
-0.6567382812,
-0.2458496094,
1.34375,
1.1923828125,
0.4094238281,
-0.3015136719,
0.1028442383,
0.2529296875,
0.6455078125,
-1.01171875,
-0.1168823242,
0.4616699219,
-0.3029785156,
-0.654296875,
-13.3828125,
-0.5537109375,
0.5092773438,
-0.2409667969,
-1.5830078125,
0.505859375,
0.7587890625,
-0.552734375,
-0.142578125,
-0.875,
-0.6298828125,
0.6669921875,
-0.681640625,
-0.5947265625,
-0.2512207031,
-0.3623046875,
-1.546875,
-0.8666992188,
0.3527832031,
-0.1505126953,
-0.1516113281,
0.3913574219,
-0.7646484375,
0.2347412109,
1.0029296875,
0.3483886719,
0.9013671875,
-0.0116043091,
-0.5556640625,
-0.1561279297,
0.0285339355,
-0.1870117188,
-0.443359375,
0.5454101562,
-0.3911132812,
1.00390625,
0.5415039062,
0.2491455078,
0.4704589844,
-0.0908203125,
-0.4272460938,
0.4172363281,
0.1755371094,
1.287109375,
-0.3286132812,
-0.0387878418,
-0.1268310547,
-0.7856445312,
0.0765380859,
-0.2448730469,
0.2661132812,
0.8759765625,
0.8452148438,
-0.0883789062,
-0.8017578125,
0.4111328125,
-1.9775390625,
0.0965576172,
-0.4653320312,
0.2431640625,
0.0429077148,
0.0187683105,
0.5649414062,
0.220703125,
-0.6567382812,
-0.533203125,
-0.5463867188,
-0.6821289062,
-0.3315429688,
0.0170898438,
-0.1188354492,
-0.6455078125,
0.6796875,
0.0134124756,
0.2120361328,
-0.1545410156,
-0.591796875,
-0.8129882812,
-0.0982055664,
-0.7729492188,
-0.8369140625,
-0.4147949219
] |
An official of the Samanid bureaucracy, he had served as the governor of a village of the royal estate of Harmaytan (near Bukhara) during the reign of Nuh II (). Avicenna also had a younger brother. A few years later, the family settled in Bukhara, a centre of learning, which attracted many scholars. It was there that Avicenna was educated, which early on was seemingly administered by his father. Although both Avicenna's father and brother had converted to Ismailism, he himself did not follow the faith. He was instead an adherent of the Hanafi school, which was also followed by the Samanids. Avicenna was first schooled in the Quran and literature, and by the age of 10, he had memorised the entire Quran. He was later sent by his father to an Indian greengrocer, who taught him arithmetic. Afterwards, he was schooled in Jurisprudence by the Hanafi jurist Ismail al-Zahid. Some time later, Avicenna's father invited the physician and philosopher Abu Abdallah al-Natili to their house to educate Avicenna. Together, they studied the Isagoge of Porphyry (died 305) and possibly the Categories of Aristotle (died 322 BC) as well. After Avicenna had read the Almagest of Ptolemy (died 170) and Euclid's Elements, Natili told him to continue his research independently. By the time Avicenna was eighteen, he was well-educated in Greek sciences. Although Avicenna only mentions Natili as his teacher in his autobiography, he most likely had other teachers as well, such as the physicians Abu Mansur Qumri and Abu Sahl al-Masihi. | [
0.4780273438,
0.0872192383,
1.4130859375,
-1.0341796875,
-0.1298828125,
0.50390625,
-0.1956787109,
0.2415771484,
-0.8388671875,
0.4758300781,
0.7250976562,
0.7221679688,
0.4599609375,
-0.5234375,
0.5810546875,
0.3708496094,
-0.0099182129,
-0.884765625,
-0.3344726562,
-0.3510742188,
-0.9311523438,
-1.5185546875,
-0.110534668,
-1.484375,
-0.6298828125,
-0.8725585938,
0.7353515625,
0.5141601562,
0.3833007812,
0.2512207031,
1.080078125,
0.1817626953,
0.580078125,
-0.8212890625,
-0.7456054688,
-0.4890136719,
0.6708984375,
-0.7895507812,
-1.0947265625,
0.1021728516,
-1.0263671875,
-0.63671875,
-1.32421875,
0.53125,
0.1497802734,
-0.0407104492,
-0.0179443359,
0.9111328125,
-0.4018554688,
-0.2305908203,
-1.318359375,
0.4572753906,
-0.7846679688,
0.3427734375,
-0.0109634399,
-0.2485351562,
0.970703125,
-1.5849609375,
-0.1612548828,
-1.1279296875,
-0.1885986328,
-0.1414794922,
0.4328613281,
-0.1630859375,
-0.0088043213,
-1.1240234375,
-0.2448730469,
-0.703125,
0.5078125,
0.9970703125,
-0.74609375,
0.20703125,
-1.0595703125,
0.7778320312,
-0.50390625,
-1.0869140625,
0.5395507812,
1.0810546875,
0.1574707031,
-0.1524658203,
0.275390625,
-1.439453125,
-0.3825683594,
-1.5517578125,
0.5869140625,
0.5830078125,
0.5688476562,
-0.1116333008,
0.1001586914,
0.28515625,
0.4287109375,
-0.3293457031,
-0.1163330078,
-0.0401000977,
0.6831054688,
0.8544921875,
0.4064941406,
-0.837890625,
-0.2021484375,
0.8442382812,
-0.0465393066,
-1.4990234375,
0.5053710938,
-0.3986816406,
0.1732177734,
1.2744140625,
-0.3310546875,
-1.2451171875,
-0.7177734375,
0.5625,
0.0827636719,
-0.5229492188,
0.5581054688,
0.7373046875,
0.35546875,
0.0797729492,
-0.5991210938,
-0.439453125,
-0.0176391602,
-0.0442199707,
-0.6015625,
0.5703125,
-0.2375488281,
-0.2543945312,
1.0390625,
0.0831298828,
-0.9350585938,
0.9868164062,
-0.2573242188,
0.0306854248,
-0.5249023438,
0.1623535156,
-0.3859863281,
-0.7275390625,
0.0591125488,
0.294921875,
0.2452392578,
-0.1865234375,
-0.2761230469,
0.4182128906,
-1.3525390625,
0.0391235352,
-0.6772460938,
0.0098571777,
0.5415039062,
0.2697753906,
-0.1674804688,
1.2392578125,
-0.4130859375,
-0.3369140625,
0.5756835938,
-0.3576660156,
0.7446289062,
-0.4387207031,
-0.9345703125,
-0.0081710815,
0.3859863281,
-1.0546875,
0.4521484375,
0.619140625,
-0.1534423828,
0.1381835938,
-0.9130859375,
0.4489746094,
-0.1760253906,
-0.3273925781,
-0.783203125,
0.8110351562,
0.7265625,
0.4802246094,
-0.9555664062,
0.1690673828,
0.1898193359,
0.1820068359,
1.0126953125,
0.0409545898,
0.560546875,
0.2193603516,
0.0837402344,
0.095703125,
0.5327148438,
-1.3447265625,
0.7333984375,
-0.5239257812,
0.5146484375,
0.5639648438,
0.353515625,
-0.4038085938,
-0.2180175781,
-0.5678710938,
-0.0743408203,
0.28125,
0.5791015625,
-0.3576660156,
-1.5986328125,
-1.2392578125,
0.0565490723,
0.4936523438,
-0.0538024902,
0.3693847656,
-0.2445068359,
1.056640625,
0.1517333984,
0.2443847656,
0.0397644043,
0.0881958008,
0.623046875,
0.580078125,
-0.5180664062,
-0.9067382812,
-0.5854492188,
-0.5249023438,
-0.1059570312,
0.5620117188,
0.2802734375,
-0.1145019531,
0.3247070312,
-0.6918945312,
0.5874023438,
-0.1937255859,
-0.501953125,
-0.4809570312,
-0.6909179688,
0.3276367188,
-1.80859375,
0.8168945312,
-1.5146484375,
0.3771972656,
-0.1719970703,
1.443359375,
0.3647460938,
0.2196044922,
-1.4658203125,
0.2526855469,
-0.2374267578,
-0.5654296875,
-0.2136230469,
-0.4990234375,
-0.0731201172,
0.5483398438,
0.1042480469,
-0.8193359375,
0.251953125,
-0.7177734375,
0.4711914062,
0.2778320312,
0.2666015625,
1.2158203125,
0.2316894531,
0.3937988281,
0.4064941406,
0.6967773438,
0.2410888672,
-0.3735351562,
0.5249023438,
-0.1200561523,
0.3623046875,
1.1806640625,
0.4514160156,
0.658203125,
0.1470947266,
-0.4733886719,
-0.1026000977,
-0.0141983032,
-0.6528320312,
-0.1696777344,
0.1872558594,
-0.3996582031,
0.705078125,
0.80859375,
0.2756347656,
0.0509033203,
-0.5463867188,
-0.2648925781,
0.8159179688,
0.537109375,
0.5815429688,
-0.4536132812,
0.2744140625,
-0.0138778687,
-0.2486572266,
-0.6889648438,
0.1090087891,
-0.3857421875,
0.2093505859,
-0.4926757812,
0.9819335938,
0.41015625,
0.3918457031,
-1.1953125,
-0.3481445312,
-0.1634521484,
-0.0697631836,
0.2875976562,
-0.8413085938,
0.1893310547,
0.5615234375,
0.35546875,
-0.0344238281,
-0.1256103516,
0.73828125,
1.4873046875,
-0.0629272461,
-0.0321655273,
0.3488769531,
0.5668945312,
-0.1925048828,
0.3400878906,
1.0498046875,
-0.7788085938,
-0.0902099609,
-0.818359375,
-0.6533203125,
-0.8413085938,
0.0044364929,
0.1511230469,
-0.6918945312,
0.7065429688,
0.1713867188,
0.7294921875,
-0.1518554688,
-0.4443359375,
-0.4230957031,
0.2807617188,
-0.62109375,
0.9150390625,
0.1008911133,
-0.9931640625,
1.5986328125,
-0.4418945312,
0.4958496094,
0.1778564453,
-0.5190429688,
0.5151367188,
0.701171875,
0.2844238281,
-0.19921875,
0.1900634766,
-0.2761230469,
-0.3552246094,
0.3068847656,
0.62890625,
0.91796875,
0.2932128906,
0.4670410156,
1.638671875,
-0.2951660156,
0.52734375,
0.7280273438,
0.0191802979,
0.8002929688,
-0.8959960938,
-0.2529296875,
-0.5522460938,
0.3369140625,
0.8706054688,
-0.6040039062,
0.3037109375,
0.1629638672,
0.4638671875,
-0.5317382812,
-0.029510498,
-1.01953125,
0.2592773438,
0.1595458984,
0.2117919922,
-0.3532714844,
-0.4069824219,
0.5756835938,
0.094909668,
1.1044921875,
0.0467224121,
-1.0400390625,
0.0413818359,
0.9545898438,
-0.4458007812,
-0.6337890625,
1.169921875,
-0.5693359375,
-0.0889282227,
1.10546875,
-0.1351318359,
-0.6044921875,
0.106262207,
0.5576171875,
0.0177764893,
-0.8017578125,
0.9873046875,
-0.9956054688,
-0.0012426376,
0.5385742188,
0.5078125,
-0.1359863281,
0.2253417969,
-0.5922851562,
-0.4011230469,
0.9233398438,
-1.326171875,
-0.2897949219,
0.3845214844,
0.4226074219,
0.4851074219,
0.7294921875,
0.102355957,
0.4465332031,
-0.8110351562,
1.974609375,
-1.0615234375,
0.1324462891,
0.0216217041,
0.0310974121,
-0.16015625,
-0.2536621094,
0.0188293457,
-1.359375,
-0.0574645996,
-0.4499511719,
0.728515625,
1.109375,
0.36328125,
0.1015014648,
-0.0479125977,
-0.3894042969,
0.0600585938,
0.7958984375,
0.5161132812,
0.1127929688,
-0.4436035156,
-0.828125,
-0.640625,
-1.1337890625,
-0.0718994141,
0.0692138672,
1.08203125,
0.0191650391,
-0.0840454102,
0.7001953125,
-0.8833007812,
-0.3408203125,
-0.1086425781,
-0.1019287109,
0.73046875,
-0.982421875,
0.9013671875,
0.2143554688,
-0.1138916016,
-0.5258789062,
-0.9702148438,
0.359375,
-0.5737304688,
-0.349609375,
-0.4438476562,
1.1904296875,
0.5200195312,
1.408203125,
-0.7456054688,
0.7358398438,
0.0272827148,
0.65234375,
0.6962890625,
-0.1208496094,
0.1887207031,
-0.6186523438,
0.1593017578,
-0.78125,
-1.6953125,
-1.28515625,
-0.45703125,
0.1322021484,
-0.0474853516,
-0.2368164062,
-0.3625488281,
0.0665893555,
-0.6235351562,
-0.244140625,
0.3115234375,
0.3698730469,
0.6528320312,
-0.4440917969,
0.3134765625,
0.75,
-0.4792480469,
0.29296875,
-0.5400390625,
-0.1514892578,
0.4650878906,
-0.1614990234,
-0.3920898438,
0.7270507812,
-1.5947265625,
-0.2736816406,
0.7290039062,
-0.7172851562,
-0.0720825195,
-0.5659179688,
-0.8173828125,
-0.2385253906,
-0.4987792969,
-0.4348144531,
-0.3391113281,
-0.1726074219,
0.8583984375,
-0.0418395996,
-0.1579589844,
0.2279052734,
0.8833007812,
-0.6918945312,
-0.2231445312,
0.71875,
1.4140625,
-0.0110702515,
-0.2551269531,
1.6171875,
-0.2277832031,
-0.0076408386,
-0.2457275391,
-0.7924804688,
-0.7495117188,
-0.2071533203,
0.5131835938,
0.0236206055,
-0.3337402344,
0.3991699219,
-0.517578125,
-1.041015625,
-0.4821777344,
-0.1271972656,
-1.3330078125,
0.0645141602,
-0.6494140625,
-0.3771972656,
0.3076171875,
-0.30078125,
0.1551513672,
-0.7573242188,
-1.2216796875,
-0.259765625,
0.1571044922,
0.9501953125,
1.216796875,
0.98828125,
-0.1993408203,
-0.2091064453,
-0.1846923828,
0.8720703125,
0.9340820312,
0.7397460938,
1.0078125,
0.4663085938,
0.5229492188,
0.0555419922,
0.0822143555,
-0.3503417969,
-0.2849121094,
0.3195800781,
-0.0786743164,
-0.0094070435,
-0.7416992188,
0.0661621094,
-0.4152832031,
-0.6440429688,
-0.0941772461,
-0.23828125,
0.6411132812,
0.4790039062,
0.666015625,
0.3388671875,
-1.1845703125,
-1.0068359375,
-0.626953125,
-0.2878417969,
-1.3408203125,
0.7250976562,
0.2619628906,
-0.271484375,
0.0866088867,
-0.3864746094,
-0.1669921875,
0.82421875,
0.93359375,
-0.0905151367,
0.92578125,
-0.2573242188,
-1.796875,
0.0856933594,
0.8413085938,
1.02734375,
-1.7265625,
-0.7895507812,
-0.5166015625,
-0.431640625,
0.2357177734,
0.0866088867,
-0.0027160645,
0.7421875,
0.5776367188,
-1.259765625,
-1.5185546875,
-0.794921875,
0.12890625,
0.3095703125,
-0.5166015625,
1.6142578125,
0.0458679199,
1.302734375,
-0.1614990234,
0.4450683594,
0.6020507812,
-0.5791015625,
-0.020614624,
0.9296875,
-0.5673828125,
0.6572265625,
-0.0780639648,
0.8061523438,
1.4365234375,
0.0731201172,
-0.7348632812,
0.2468261719,
-0.92578125,
0.765625,
-0.0112304688,
0.4045410156,
-0.1916503906,
0.3977050781,
-0.0479431152,
-0.2897949219,
-0.130859375,
0.0442199707,
-0.9833984375,
0.2565917969,
-1,
0.0284423828,
0.6455078125,
0.4008789062,
-0.6040039062,
-0.8999023438,
0.8989257812,
0.3205566406,
0.5712890625,
0.767578125,
-0.3288574219,
0.5737304688,
-1.232421875,
-0.6948242188,
0.1827392578,
-0.482421875,
0.1850585938,
-1.0283203125,
0.1726074219,
0.2878417969,
0.0578918457,
0.861328125,
0.1227416992,
0.2283935547,
-0.7275390625,
0.146484375,
-1.8564453125,
1.408203125,
-0.2624511719,
0.8872070312,
0.3928222656,
-0.6889648438,
-0.869140625,
0.36328125,
0.2888183594,
0.3269042969,
0.0974121094,
0.521484375,
0.4499511719,
0.7934570312,
-1.34765625,
0.3842773438,
0.29296875,
0.1854248047,
0.4833984375,
-0.3918457031,
0.1145629883,
0.1295166016,
-0.3564453125,
0.7915039062,
0.1862792969,
0.2583007812,
0.0895996094,
-0.1870117188,
-0.28515625,
-0.33984375,
0.3012695312,
0.2917480469,
0.1282958984,
0.0799560547,
-0.7158203125,
-0.2563476562,
0.1042480469,
0.0417480469,
-1.29296875,
-0.2653808594,
0.62109375,
0.5903320312,
0.028717041,
-0.0309295654,
-0.0293579102,
-1.546875,
-0.2331542969,
-0.7778320312,
0.5776367188,
0.0461730957,
-1.19140625,
-0.0518493652,
0.1857910156,
0.0363464355,
0.0961303711,
0.3444824219,
0.8461914062,
0.5161132812,
-0.2152099609,
-0.4873046875,
-1.140625,
-0.3012695312,
-0.2165527344,
-0.3774414062,
0.5170898438,
-0.2327880859,
-0.3669433594,
0.6450195312,
-0.53515625,
-0.8745117188,
-0.6337890625,
0.6655273438,
-0.0527648926,
0.5659179688,
-0.2209472656,
-0.4228515625,
0.2456054688,
0.2452392578,
0.0521850586,
-0.1834716797,
0.4387207031,
0.64453125,
0.7182617188,
0.4748535156,
0.0186920166,
0.0316162109,
0.4692382812,
-1.3466796875,
-0.4921875,
1.216796875,
0.5478515625,
-0.2427978516,
-1.9482421875,
-0.2712402344,
0.0505371094,
0.0794677734,
0.7456054688,
-0.4926757812,
-0.3806152344,
0.1451416016,
-0.2705078125,
-0.3957519531,
1.3134765625,
0.2286376953,
0.5200195312,
0.0227508545,
0.5454101562,
0.6591796875,
-0.2166748047,
-0.8857421875,
0.9853515625,
0.294921875,
0.4543457031,
-0.1649169922,
0.4731445312,
0.357421875,
-0.6396484375,
-0.1291503906,
0.1461181641,
0.1486816406,
-0.8608398438,
0.5659179688,
-0.1596679688,
-0.4155273438,
-0.0911865234,
-0.0374145508,
0.3696289062,
-0.1823730469,
0.2142333984,
-0.0751953125,
-0.4135742188,
-1.826171875,
-0.0242919922,
0.1643066406,
-0.3325195312,
0.3879394531,
0.1602783203,
0.1671142578,
-0.4777832031,
-0.1011962891,
-1.015625,
-0.1291503906,
0.3171386719,
0.8955078125,
0.310546875,
-0.2182617188,
-0.9233398438,
-0.0891113281,
0.6381835938,
1.28125,
-0.53515625,
-0.3898925781,
0.1304931641,
-0.3217773438,
0.291015625,
-0.1787109375,
-0.4150390625,
-0.2465820312,
-1.3515625,
0.4206542969,
0.4074707031,
-0.2729492188,
0.2915039062,
0.3530273438,
-0.6987304688,
-0.0220489502,
-0.3176269531,
-0.1733398438,
-0.2805175781,
0.5458984375,
-0.2836914062,
-0.607421875,
-0.4645996094,
-0.91796875,
0.1636962891,
-0.0995483398,
0.2880859375,
-0.1623535156,
0.4191894531,
-0.0768432617,
1.2763671875,
-0.3649902344,
-0.6547851562,
0.3342285156,
-0.2922363281,
-0.1958007812,
0.6967773438,
1.3095703125,
0.0678710938,
0.5380859375,
0.2406005859,
0.54296875,
-0.2329101562,
0.3442382812,
0.3818359375,
-0.294921875,
0.6401367188,
-0.0611877441,
-0.1258544922,
0.3005371094,
-2.009765625,
-0.7661132812,
-0.6787109375,
0.4968261719,
-0.039276123,
-1.509765625,
0.1478271484,
-0.2690429688,
-0.4743652344,
-0.837890625,
0.3022460938,
0.8916015625,
-0.2060546875,
0.6806640625,
-0.4389648438,
0.5546875,
-0.3415527344,
-1.669921875,
-0.8798828125,
-0.7783203125,
0.0187683105,
-0.630859375,
-0.4846191406,
-0.056854248,
0.3405761719,
-0.2751464844,
-0.7768554688,
-0.2219238281,
-0.0997924805,
0.75,
-0.46484375,
-0.5483398438,
0.568359375,
-0.2288818359,
-0.5620117188,
0.4721679688,
1.134765625,
-0.3955078125,
-0.8291015625,
0.0955200195,
0.0972290039,
0.3071289062,
-0.4663085938,
-0.2619628906,
-0.0432739258,
-0.5029296875,
-0.3603515625,
0.7651367188,
0.5546875,
0.6318359375,
0.09765625,
0.0051231384,
0.732421875,
-1.3447265625,
0.4074707031,
-0.1761474609,
0.0141296387,
-0.1298828125,
0.34765625,
-0.1286621094,
-0.5434570312,
0.1547851562,
-0.1184692383,
-0.4794921875,
-0.5810546875,
-0.2900390625,
-0.8032226562,
-0.6821289062,
0.0469970703,
-0.2231445312,
-0.7451171875,
-0.2846679688,
-0.0058135986,
1.36328125,
0.6577148438,
0.8510742188,
-0.2260742188,
0.1302490234,
0.2690429688,
0.5161132812,
-1.388671875,
0.0796508789,
0.6474609375,
-0.3996582031,
-0.7143554688,
-12.9453125,
0.2692871094,
0.6904296875,
-0.1463623047,
-1.451171875,
0.2393798828,
0.9389648438,
-0.0840454102,
-0.5014648438,
-0.5844726562,
-0.7221679688,
0.4733886719,
-0.8544921875,
-0.2680664062,
-0.3662109375,
-0.1116943359,
-0.728515625,
-0.6518554688,
0.4357910156,
-0.0377807617,
0.2370605469,
0.8408203125,
-1.01953125,
-0.1462402344,
0.9213867188,
0.6459960938,
0.619140625,
0.29296875,
-0.5551757812,
-0.1257324219,
-0.2709960938,
-0.3083496094,
-0.443359375,
0.4250488281,
-0.1546630859,
0.4831542969,
0.0863647461,
0.1153564453,
0.1610107422,
-0.0563049316,
-0.2209472656,
0.521484375,
-0.525390625,
1.5146484375,
-0.4262695312,
0.0447692871,
0.0826416016,
-0.4536132812,
0.0175933838,
-0.2648925781,
-0.4216308594,
1.4609375,
0.931640625,
0.5883789062,
-0.5888671875,
0.0254364014,
-1.6845703125,
0.1514892578,
-0.3745117188,
-0.0390625,
-0.845703125,
0.0965576172,
0.4860839844,
0.4265136719,
-0.599609375,
-0.0579833984,
-0.1568603516,
-0.6508789062,
-0.103515625,
0.1545410156,
-0.2248535156,
-0.1530761719,
0.8071289062,
-0.6162109375,
0.0095443726,
-0.2359619141,
-1.1357421875,
-0.859375,
-0.6694335938,
-0.35546875,
-0.4877929688,
-0.6372070312
] |
Career
In Bukhara and Gurganj
At the age of seventeen, Avicenna was made a physician of Nuh II. By the time Avicenna was at least 21 years old, his father died. He was subsequently given an administrative post, possibly succeeding his father as the governor of Harmaytan. Avicenna later moved to Gurganj, the capital of Khwarazm, which he reports that he did due to "necessity". The date he went to the place is uncertain, as he reports that he served the Khwarazmshah (ruler) of the region, the Ma'munid Abu al-Hasan Ali. The latter ruled from 997 to 1009, which indicates that Avicenna moved sometime during that period. He may have moved in 999, the year which the Samanid state fell after the Turkic Qarakhanids captured Bukhara and imprisoned the Samanid ruler Abd al-Malik II. Due to his high position and strong connection with the Samanids, Avicenna may have found himself in an unfavorable position after the fall of his suzerain. It was through the minister of Gurganj, Abu'l-Husayn as-Sahi, a patron of Greek sciences, that Avicenna entered into the service of Abu al-Hasan Ali. Under the Ma'munids, Gurganj became a centre of learning, attracting many prominent figures, such as Avicenna and his former teacher Abu Sahl al-Masihi, the mathematician Abu Nasr Mansur, the physician Ibn al-Khammar, and the philologist al-Tha'alibi. In Gurgan
Avicenna later moved due to "necessity" once more (in 1012), this time to the west. There he travelled through the Khurasani cities of Nasa, Abivard, Tus, Samangan and Jajarm. | [
0.705078125,
-0.5268554688,
1.287109375,
-0.4826660156,
-0.2185058594,
0.2102050781,
0.1641845703,
0.3110351562,
-0.8012695312,
0.2335205078,
0.1903076172,
0.7846679688,
0.5791015625,
-0.4721679688,
1.0732421875,
0.7412109375,
0.2624511719,
-0.1721191406,
-0.2470703125,
-0.4946289062,
-0.2915039062,
-1.2900390625,
-0.2905273438,
-1.26171875,
-0.8959960938,
-0.5649414062,
0.3188476562,
-0.0334472656,
0.0906982422,
-0.470703125,
0.5385742188,
0.5302734375,
0.58984375,
-1.255859375,
-1.171875,
-0.568359375,
0.2299804688,
-0.1931152344,
-0.5385742188,
-0.1586914062,
-0.7880859375,
-0.6518554688,
-1.7275390625,
1.1083984375,
0.9052734375,
0.1857910156,
-0.0416870117,
0.3317871094,
-0.0523681641,
-0.2468261719,
-0.8930664062,
0.0564575195,
-0.4770507812,
0.9594726562,
-0.1129150391,
0.3332519531,
0.822265625,
-0.7045898438,
0.2893066406,
-0.943359375,
-0.615234375,
-0.2076416016,
0.6176757812,
0.059387207,
0.4016113281,
-1.828125,
0.0401000977,
-1.0986328125,
0.4599609375,
0.3947753906,
-0.7241210938,
-0.4448242188,
-0.8125,
0.4985351562,
0.6655273438,
-0.3269042969,
0.30078125,
1.291015625,
-0.1665039062,
-0.9877929688,
0.0824584961,
-1.3623046875,
0.0650634766,
-1.578125,
0.4467773438,
0.7426757812,
0.7944335938,
-0.5107421875,
-0.2668457031,
0.2330322266,
0.2736816406,
-0.0307769775,
-0.6865234375,
-0.2565917969,
0.0604858398,
0.3603515625,
0.3505859375,
-1.12109375,
0.1975097656,
-0.0122375488,
-0.4982910156,
-1.4296875,
-0.1052246094,
-1.1162109375,
0.1712646484,
1.7294921875,
0.3198242188,
-1.625,
-0.880859375,
-0.1030883789,
0.392578125,
-0.6474609375,
0.1472167969,
0.6416015625,
1.1728515625,
-0.8359375,
-0.4858398438,
-1.484375,
0.2814941406,
0.2042236328,
-0.2224121094,
1.0986328125,
-0.689453125,
-0.5537109375,
0.1043701172,
0.3029785156,
-1.0517578125,
0.3779296875,
0.3298339844,
-0.4694824219,
0.0812988281,
0.2587890625,
-0.25,
-0.51953125,
0.2514648438,
0.1895751953,
-0.2526855469,
0.0722045898,
-0.283203125,
0.31640625,
-1.21484375,
-0.166015625,
-0.0032997131,
0.126953125,
0.5859375,
0.4948730469,
0.0845947266,
1.03515625,
-0.0450439453,
-0.4650878906,
0.724609375,
-0.8828125,
-0.4460449219,
0.0109024048,
-0.4013671875,
0.2075195312,
0.529296875,
-0.89453125,
0.345703125,
-0.0728149414,
-0.6123046875,
0.9560546875,
-0.65625,
0.8955078125,
-0.3942871094,
-0.3369140625,
-0.7368164062,
0.919921875,
0.75,
-0.4072265625,
-0.9643554688,
0.1778564453,
0.0435180664,
-0.1883544922,
1.1357421875,
-1.267578125,
0.3481445312,
-0.6669921875,
0.3388671875,
-0.0016422272,
0.4426269531,
-1.4609375,
0.1517333984,
-0.6484375,
0.6528320312,
0.7578125,
0.14453125,
-0.7294921875,
-0.3039550781,
-0.3303222656,
-1.021484375,
0.0187683105,
0.1926269531,
-0.6088867188,
-1.447265625,
-1.330078125,
0.3637695312,
1.3681640625,
0.4489746094,
0.2993164062,
0.4125976562,
0.5776367188,
-0.154296875,
-0.2834472656,
0.1646728516,
0.0855712891,
0.2739257812,
1.607421875,
-0.6889648438,
-0.2313232422,
-0.8486328125,
-1.2333984375,
-0.1058349609,
0.1209716797,
0.2371826172,
0.1623535156,
-0.2073974609,
-0.3649902344,
0.7895507812,
-0.6518554688,
-0.1036376953,
-0.0074119568,
-1.2373046875,
-0.6293945312,
-1.9912109375,
0.787109375,
-1.0419921875,
0.4680175781,
-0.0713500977,
0.9443359375,
0.5297851562,
0.177734375,
-1.203125,
0.4545898438,
-0.0461425781,
-0.4694824219,
0.1811523438,
0.1137695312,
-0.2347412109,
0.1437988281,
0.1123046875,
-0.8608398438,
-0.2465820312,
-0.7822265625,
0.5766601562,
0.673828125,
-0.2409667969,
1.23046875,
0.2047119141,
0.73828125,
0.857421875,
0.3198242188,
-0.0167999268,
-0.6821289062,
0.6762695312,
-0.1060791016,
0.0254516602,
0.8125,
0.2409667969,
0.2536621094,
0.0731811523,
-0.0488891602,
0.0130081177,
-0.2099609375,
-0.7861328125,
0.4755859375,
-0.5771484375,
-0.5830078125,
0.1302490234,
0.5249023438,
0.040222168,
1.125,
0.3100585938,
-0.3256835938,
1.4208984375,
0.2261962891,
-0.0726318359,
0.0769042969,
0.458984375,
0.869140625,
-0.2739257812,
-1.1328125,
-0.0316467285,
-0.9833984375,
0.9287109375,
-0.4553222656,
0.1704101562,
1.025390625,
0.7114257812,
-1.046875,
-0.361328125,
0.296875,
0.2064208984,
-0.4558105469,
0.0592346191,
0.3828125,
0.1216430664,
-0.3081054688,
0.517578125,
-0.2238769531,
0.6459960938,
1.111328125,
-0.4545898438,
-0.2381591797,
-0.59765625,
1.05078125,
-0.2352294922,
0.7197265625,
0.7036132812,
-0.7138671875,
0.3393554688,
-1.0400390625,
-0.9912109375,
-0.3168945312,
0.3576660156,
-0.0924682617,
-0.4306640625,
0.955078125,
-0.2470703125,
0.2551269531,
-0.1810302734,
-1.48828125,
-0.5346679688,
0.4743652344,
-1.197265625,
0.9233398438,
0.2073974609,
-0.3217773438,
1.4091796875,
0.1290283203,
0.3220214844,
-0.1130981445,
-0.0385437012,
0.0343017578,
0.2117919922,
0.5205078125,
-0.0519104004,
-0.3305664062,
0.4606933594,
-0.0318603516,
0.1065673828,
0.3247070312,
0.3193359375,
0.7055664062,
-0.0140991211,
1.4736328125,
-0.1887207031,
0.9555664062,
0.3095703125,
-0.2330322266,
0.3540039062,
-1.1630859375,
-0.9462890625,
-0.896484375,
0.7607421875,
0.4936523438,
-0.1873779297,
0.1152954102,
0.7421875,
0.5864257812,
-0.2702636719,
-0.3759765625,
-1.173828125,
0.065246582,
-0.2174072266,
-0.2883300781,
-1.064453125,
-0.4897460938,
0.2885742188,
1.3408203125,
0.7954101562,
-0.0640869141,
-0.6591796875,
-0.33203125,
1.2294921875,
-0.1214599609,
-1.0478515625,
1.3466796875,
-0.4284667969,
-0.4147949219,
-0.1885986328,
0.1064453125,
-0.7900390625,
-0.431640625,
0.94140625,
-0.2495117188,
-0.0662231445,
1.2783203125,
-1.0556640625,
0.5498046875,
0.5131835938,
0.9653320312,
-0.1651611328,
0.2536621094,
-1.3955078125,
-0.9770507812,
1.3984375,
-1.2314453125,
-0.4475097656,
1.1982421875,
-0.0415344238,
0.1483154297,
1.1865234375,
0.2902832031,
0.7041015625,
-0.9057617188,
1.734375,
-0.4072265625,
-0.2587890625,
0.2387695312,
0.0581665039,
0.046081543,
-0.841796875,
-0.2778320312,
-1.037109375,
0.0999145508,
-0.4516601562,
0.8022460938,
0.6987304688,
0.5004882812,
0.3896484375,
0.3356933594,
-0.9912109375,
0.4665527344,
0.4150390625,
-0.1837158203,
-0.0340576172,
0.3740234375,
-0.1141357422,
-0.4787597656,
-1.2900390625,
-0.2651367188,
-0.5034179688,
1.416015625,
-0.1685791016,
-0.7421875,
0.6171875,
-1.1669921875,
-0.7368164062,
-0.466796875,
-0.6127929688,
0.4436035156,
-0.6259765625,
0.2100830078,
0.5249023438,
0.3295898438,
-0.0513305664,
-0.548828125,
-0.0918579102,
-1.619140625,
0.1099243164,
0.2269287109,
1.02734375,
0.466796875,
0.4077148438,
-0.8779296875,
0.5517578125,
-0.1475830078,
0.4287109375,
0.8813476562,
0.5224609375,
0.2849121094,
0.0003597736,
0.1490478516,
-1.0390625,
-1.638671875,
-0.5717773438,
-0.5903320312,
0.1259765625,
0.3244628906,
0.3354492188,
-0.2878417969,
0.0380554199,
-0.0356445312,
0.4506835938,
0.3386230469,
1.1650390625,
0.7387695312,
-0.5083007812,
0.2369384766,
0.765625,
-0.7280273438,
0.541015625,
-0.4504394531,
-0.5424804688,
-0.031829834,
0.0191192627,
0.453125,
0.7016601562,
-1.4248046875,
-0.1278076172,
-0.0611572266,
-0.646484375,
0.2946777344,
-0.755859375,
-0.416015625,
-0.4780273438,
-0.3466796875,
-0.0930175781,
0.76953125,
-0.2408447266,
0.4929199219,
0.396484375,
-0.3518066406,
-0.755859375,
0.8286132812,
-0.6845703125,
-0.102722168,
0.5859375,
0.6879882812,
-0.1204833984,
-0.2524414062,
1.9892578125,
-0.5092773438,
0.5932617188,
0.0026473999,
-0.2296142578,
-0.443359375,
-0.53125,
1.1923828125,
0.1806640625,
0.4536132812,
0.1351318359,
-0.1452636719,
-0.9584960938,
-0.2678222656,
0.3190917969,
-1.1162109375,
0.3715820312,
-0.2705078125,
-0.4665527344,
-0.2320556641,
0.8579101562,
0.3032226562,
-0.0734863281,
-1.587890625,
-0.9990234375,
-0.677734375,
1.076171875,
1.2890625,
0.36328125,
-0.7309570312,
0.1578369141,
-0.9604492188,
1.3662109375,
-0.003824234,
0.4958496094,
0.5854492188,
0.4575195312,
0.5424804688,
0.0256958008,
0.0286865234,
-0.0624084473,
-0.7109375,
0.541015625,
0.3771972656,
-0.63671875,
-1.1845703125,
0.1604003906,
-0.3149414062,
0.6323242188,
-0.6538085938,
-0.2849121094,
0.0825805664,
-0.1020507812,
-0.5234375,
0.0780029297,
-0.5034179688,
-1.0439453125,
-0.9086914062,
0.2357177734,
-0.3796386719,
0.4521484375,
-0.2524414062,
-0.4819335938,
1.12109375,
-0.669921875,
-0.4028320312,
1.41796875,
1.2421875,
-0.1383056641,
1.1005859375,
-0.439453125,
-1.2529296875,
0.388671875,
0.2008056641,
0.4763183594,
-1.169921875,
-1.544921875,
0.0205230713,
-0.625,
0.4990234375,
-1.0107421875,
-0.2810058594,
0.9135742188,
0.7416992188,
-1.2080078125,
-1.6533203125,
-0.7890625,
-0.3400878906,
0.31640625,
-0.1599121094,
1.4853515625,
0.0566101074,
0.7978515625,
0.189453125,
0.3583984375,
0.8276367188,
-0.5986328125,
0.62890625,
1.4619140625,
0.0200805664,
0.3337402344,
-0.0847167969,
0.5102539062,
1.078125,
0.1645507812,
-0.7534179688,
-0.1058349609,
-0.7495117188,
0.1018066406,
0.3527832031,
0.3464355469,
0.4157714844,
1.1298828125,
-0.5903320312,
-0.1431884766,
0.1028442383,
-0.055267334,
-1.267578125,
0.0617980957,
-0.7465820312,
-0.2225341797,
0.1832275391,
1.4091796875,
-0.3625488281,
-0.42578125,
1.001953125,
0.065246582,
1.09375,
0.4350585938,
-1.314453125,
0.4167480469,
-0.8212890625,
-1.5517578125,
-0.1746826172,
-0.2294921875,
0.5029296875,
-1.380859375,
-0.291015625,
0.1436767578,
-0.1535644531,
1.201171875,
0.3950195312,
0.2396240234,
0.100402832,
-0.525390625,
-1.3486328125,
1.638671875,
0.1036987305,
0.0669555664,
-0.0356750488,
-1.4267578125,
-0.755859375,
0.3740234375,
-0.4169921875,
0.1334228516,
-0.0966796875,
-0.0426025391,
0.3940429688,
0.52734375,
-0.5185546875,
0.6806640625,
0.6518554688,
0.0657348633,
0.7856445312,
-0.66796875,
0.0490112305,
0.3630371094,
0.58984375,
0.1948242188,
0.2766113281,
0.4958496094,
0.662109375,
0.5747070312,
0.0377502441,
-0.4987792969,
0.4426269531,
0.1577148438,
0.4250488281,
0.4274902344,
-1.109375,
-0.8291015625,
0.3430175781,
-0.765625,
-0.623046875,
-0.4604492188,
-0.3608398438,
0.0869140625,
-0.3051757812,
-0.3937988281,
0.1594238281,
-1.078125,
0.0606079102,
-0.8637695312,
0.7822265625,
-0.5815429688,
-0.6958007812,
-0.5590820312,
0.716796875,
-0.2026367188,
0.0491027832,
0.6674804688,
-0.0638427734,
0.0001839399,
0.1723632812,
-0.0509643555,
-1.3330078125,
-0.3381347656,
-0.3530273438,
0.0896606445,
0.84765625,
0.1473388672,
0.4638671875,
0.6450195312,
-0.44140625,
-0.4807128906,
0.054901123,
0.4853515625,
-0.3225097656,
0.658203125,
0.2047119141,
-1.1015625,
0.4528808594,
-0.0257263184,
-0.2365722656,
-0.34765625,
-0.0394287109,
1.1689453125,
0.537109375,
-0.1909179688,
0.4135742188,
1.19140625,
0.8745117188,
-0.8930664062,
0.1323242188,
1.3349609375,
0.015045166,
0.1947021484,
-1.31640625,
-0.2075195312,
0.5532226562,
-0.5336914062,
0.3134765625,
-0.6357421875,
0.2397460938,
-0.74609375,
-0.9140625,
-0.4460449219,
0.9770507812,
0.2807617188,
0.6411132812,
-0.0023765564,
0.9145507812,
0.296875,
0.0755615234,
-0.4978027344,
0.5053710938,
0.0639648438,
0.062286377,
-0.1801757812,
0.5029296875,
0.2423095703,
-0.8408203125,
-0.3127441406,
0.7641601562,
0.1131591797,
-1.23828125,
0.0105819702,
0.2707519531,
-0.0328674316,
0.34375,
-0.8930664062,
0.5454101562,
-1.2080078125,
0.3916015625,
-0.3581542969,
0.904296875,
-0.8759765625,
-0.0669555664,
0.9702148438,
-0.5825195312,
-0.7563476562,
-0.1411132812,
0.12890625,
-0.1462402344,
0.8266601562,
-0.7548828125,
-0.051940918,
0.2185058594,
0.7983398438,
0.1459960938,
0.0372924805,
-1.2490234375,
-0.5200195312,
1.4072265625,
0.5092773438,
0.0238647461,
-0.4453125,
0.2297363281,
-0.0950317383,
1.0615234375,
-0.0832519531,
-0.5991210938,
-0.7573242188,
-1.4833984375,
-0.3542480469,
0.1573486328,
0.3510742188,
-0.115234375,
0.2744140625,
-0.1555175781,
0.1162719727,
0.0352172852,
0.5288085938,
-0.2125244141,
0.4641113281,
-0.1599121094,
-0.5043945312,
-0.6684570312,
-1.3828125,
0.5986328125,
-0.1437988281,
1.0732421875,
-0.4033203125,
-0.4018554688,
-0.6909179688,
0.8198242188,
-0.28515625,
0.3525390625,
-0.6040039062,
-0.5668945312,
-0.2807617188,
0.6728515625,
1.455078125,
1.177734375,
1.0966796875,
-0.029083252,
0.6240234375,
0.1052246094,
0.7397460938,
-0.3403320312,
-0.1832275391,
0.3159179688,
0.0989990234,
-0.5610351562,
0.1821289062,
-1.6484375,
-0.3840332031,
-0.6459960938,
0.451171875,
-0.1776123047,
-1.3505859375,
0.0718383789,
-0.1842041016,
0.0931396484,
-0.1712646484,
0.4248046875,
0.265625,
0.3237304688,
0.1595458984,
-0.7021484375,
1.1953125,
-0.8701171875,
-1.4951171875,
-0.6147460938,
-0.1374511719,
0.3293457031,
-0.67578125,
-0.626953125,
-0.0980224609,
0.1733398438,
-0.7133789062,
-0.7431640625,
-0.7739257812,
0.083984375,
0.7270507812,
0.0997924805,
-0.4978027344,
0.4536132812,
-0.7543945312,
-0.4301757812,
0.2861328125,
1.701171875,
0.7939453125,
-0.9291992188,
0.4560546875,
0.1694335938,
0.5766601562,
-0.5961914062,
-0.7788085938,
0.2937011719,
-0.0668334961,
-0.74609375,
0.5239257812,
0.6704101562,
-0.1352539062,
-0.0444641113,
-0.0523376465,
0.5336914062,
-1.2392578125,
-0.1928710938,
0.4714355469,
-0.1892089844,
0.642578125,
0.7475585938,
0.1695556641,
0.0502319336,
0.2314453125,
0.3903808594,
-1.341796875,
-1.0439453125,
-0.7861328125,
-1.27734375,
-1.10546875,
0.0139312744,
-0.3996582031,
-0.7563476562,
0.0759887695,
-0.1196899414,
1.1123046875,
0.7236328125,
0.525390625,
-0.9116210938,
0.1889648438,
-0.3415527344,
-0.0528564453,
-0.8447265625,
-0.3889160156,
1.1259765625,
-0.5415039062,
0.3374023438,
-11.1953125,
-0.5224609375,
0.1748046875,
0.2147216797,
-1.0029296875,
0.6850585938,
0.5297851562,
0.4836425781,
0.6201171875,
-0.5629882812,
-1.150390625,
0.1076049805,
-0.4091796875,
-0.0472717285,
0.1667480469,
-0.2595214844,
-0.5908203125,
-0.619140625,
0.572265625,
0.2442626953,
0.0980224609,
0.2683105469,
-0.57421875,
0.5219726562,
1.6220703125,
-0.2314453125,
0.724609375,
0.0784301758,
-0.3117675781,
-0.8149414062,
0.2458496094,
-0.9692382812,
-1.041015625,
-0.0056266785,
-0.3530273438,
0.7133789062,
1.095703125,
0.3305664062,
-0.0516052246,
0.1278076172,
0.65625,
0.1204223633,
0.2766113281,
1.623046875,
-0.2182617188,
-0.7749023438,
-0.1665039062,
-0.5268554688,
-0.2255859375,
-0.0498962402,
-0.4816894531,
1.4130859375,
1.4404296875,
0.6987304688,
-0.6079101562,
0.2482910156,
-0.9975585938,
0.3850097656,
-0.6967773438,
-0.3640136719,
-0.396484375,
-0.7353515625,
0.0475158691,
0.0944213867,
-0.4453125,
-0.2661132812,
0.61328125,
-0.69140625,
-0.5283203125,
-0.2409667969,
0.4348144531,
-0.2442626953,
0.4975585938,
-0.583984375,
-0.0406494141,
0.873046875,
-1.091796875,
-0.6567382812,
0.4738769531,
-0.5083007812,
-0.8193359375,
-1.38671875
] |
He was planning to visit the ruler of the city of Gurgan, the Ziyarid Qabus (), a cultivated patron of writing, whose court attracted many distinguished poets and scholars. However, when Avicenna eventually arrived, he discovered that the ruler had been dead since the winter of 1013. Avicenna then left Gurgan for Dihistan, but returned after becoming ill. There he met Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani (died 1070) who became his pupil and companion. Avicenna stayed briefly in Gurgan, reportedly serving Qabus' son and successor Manuchihr () and resided in the house of a patron. In Ray and Hamadan
In , Avicenna went to the city of Ray, where he entered into the service of the Buyid amir (ruler) Majd al-Dawla () and his mother Sayyida Shirin, the de facto ruler of the realm. There he served as the physician at the court, treating Majd al-Dawla, who was suffering from melancholia. Avicenna reportedly later served as the "business manager" of Sayyida Shirin in Qazvin and Hamadan, though details regarding this tenure are unclear. During his period, Avicenna finished his Canon of Medicine, and started writing his Book of Healing. In 1015, during Avicenna's stay in Hamadan, he participated in a public debate, as was custom for newly arrived scholars in western Iran at that time. The purpose of the debate was to examining one's reputation against a prominent local resident. The person whom Avicenna debated against was Abu'l-Qasim al-Kirmani, a member of the school of philosophers of Baghdad. | [
0.4736328125,
-0.0116577148,
1.44921875,
-0.6552734375,
0.0531005859,
0.2944335938,
0.0816040039,
0.5048828125,
-0.8764648438,
0.6845703125,
-0.2629394531,
0.7607421875,
0.9897460938,
0.3395996094,
0.8920898438,
0.5444335938,
-0.1632080078,
-0.1143188477,
0.2995605469,
-0.0249023438,
-0.3828125,
-1.15234375,
0.3913574219,
-0.8818359375,
-0.9443359375,
-0.1872558594,
0.537109375,
-0.1970214844,
0.1079711914,
-0.3137207031,
0.4545898438,
0.3349609375,
0.5346679688,
-1.1953125,
-1.169921875,
-0.7719726562,
0.2124023438,
-0.7685546875,
-0.3132324219,
-0.1408691406,
-1.10546875,
-0.5200195312,
-0.8930664062,
0.3920898438,
0.517578125,
0.1629638672,
0.4985351562,
0.3852539062,
-0.681640625,
-0.7431640625,
-1.212890625,
0.4279785156,
0.1463623047,
0.955078125,
-0.1444091797,
0.4545898438,
0.4431152344,
-0.7153320312,
0.3696289062,
-1,
-0.1149291992,
0.3422851562,
0.5629882812,
0.06640625,
0.4821777344,
-1.455078125,
-0.0276794434,
-0.8627929688,
1.0107421875,
-0.0606689453,
-0.9291992188,
0.0923461914,
-0.6713867188,
0.2763671875,
-0.0916137695,
-0.509765625,
0.3420410156,
1.3583984375,
0.19921875,
-0.697265625,
-0.4638671875,
-1.08984375,
-0.408203125,
-1.3369140625,
0.6987304688,
0.7592773438,
0.5991210938,
-0.2293701172,
-0.2561035156,
0.4367675781,
0.4643554688,
-0.3388671875,
-0.9116210938,
-0.80859375,
0.6791992188,
0.4631347656,
0.1710205078,
-1.263671875,
-0.2775878906,
-0.4221191406,
-0.0557556152,
-0.1390380859,
0.0095748901,
-0.7016601562,
0.0195617676,
1.7392578125,
0.1798095703,
-1.193359375,
-0.98828125,
-0.6782226562,
0.049407959,
-0.0795288086,
-0.2413330078,
0.4621582031,
1.171875,
-0.3500976562,
-0.5756835938,
-0.8793945312,
0.0572814941,
-0.1864013672,
-0.0987548828,
0.5678710938,
-0.1925048828,
-0.1078491211,
0.275390625,
0.1995849609,
-0.6254882812,
0.2963867188,
0.4645996094,
-0.5224609375,
-0.0910644531,
0.525390625,
-0.6157226562,
-0.7001953125,
0.7192382812,
-0.2565917969,
-0.4328613281,
-0.0133590698,
0.2047119141,
0.0365600586,
-0.9375,
0.1716308594,
-0.2766113281,
-0.2084960938,
0.1789550781,
-0.3681640625,
-0.4645996094,
0.8701171875,
-1.068359375,
-0.5883789062,
0.4809570312,
-0.6723632812,
-0.40234375,
0.1496582031,
-0.4094238281,
0.580078125,
-0.0161437988,
-0.8969726562,
0.61328125,
0.1100463867,
-0.3666992188,
0.3486328125,
-0.9125976562,
0.7548828125,
-0.46875,
0.2049560547,
-0.4782714844,
0.9760742188,
0.4028320312,
-0.2807617188,
-0.3513183594,
0.1859130859,
-0.1207885742,
0.2612304688,
0.8696289062,
-0.7329101562,
0.4887695312,
0.0024394989,
0.1129150391,
-0.6293945312,
0.6328125,
-1.6044921875,
1.09375,
-0.4387207031,
0.0059165955,
-0.037109375,
0.546875,
-0.9873046875,
-0.1513671875,
-0.5908203125,
-0.3933105469,
-0.2739257812,
0.0959472656,
-0.2878417969,
-1.384765625,
-1.513671875,
0.15234375,
1.0859375,
-0.1950683594,
0.6147460938,
-0.6235351562,
0.0810546875,
0.1961669922,
-0.3562011719,
0.3310546875,
-0.6118164062,
-0.1030273438,
1.6689453125,
-0.0076217651,
-0.1619873047,
-0.0325317383,
0.0024623871,
0.0530090332,
0.8969726562,
0.640625,
0.451171875,
0.0463867188,
-0.4152832031,
0.4450683594,
-0.822265625,
-0.4448242188,
0.2707519531,
-1.17578125,
-0.1140136719,
-1.5791015625,
0.8129882812,
-0.9291992188,
0.2609863281,
-0.2351074219,
0.7241210938,
0.5454101562,
-0.3757324219,
-0.9853515625,
0.6669921875,
0.1727294922,
-0.5395507812,
0.0088195801,
-0.748046875,
0.3493652344,
-0.086730957,
-0.0991210938,
-0.3156738281,
0.0258331299,
-0.9404296875,
0.5678710938,
-0.0084915161,
-0.1911621094,
0.8842773438,
0.0748901367,
0.2526855469,
0.7641601562,
0.38671875,
-0.1508789062,
0.0932617188,
0.9028320312,
0.2351074219,
0.3791503906,
0.9594726562,
-0.0648803711,
0.6977539062,
0.2022705078,
-0.0059204102,
0.6870117188,
-0.4587402344,
-1.0859375,
0.3203125,
0.0979614258,
-1.16796875,
0.4787597656,
0.8237304688,
0.658203125,
1.337890625,
-0.4812011719,
-0.8735351562,
1.341796875,
-0.1470947266,
-0.3798828125,
0.2978515625,
0.0751342773,
0.5668945312,
-0.2563476562,
-0.30078125,
0.5102539062,
-0.6997070312,
0.4812011719,
-0.3154296875,
0.6987304688,
0.6645507812,
0.4655761719,
-0.5551757812,
-0.4309082031,
-0.408203125,
-0.3571777344,
0.4294433594,
0.0836791992,
0.1228027344,
0.26171875,
-0.1429443359,
-0.0186309814,
0.3852539062,
-0.404296875,
1.1484375,
-0.2563476562,
0.2008056641,
0.4140625,
0.2934570312,
-0.4130859375,
0.4560546875,
1.0166015625,
-0.7348632812,
0.17578125,
-0.6420898438,
-0.8754882812,
-0.1173095703,
0.2966308594,
0.435546875,
-0.3098144531,
0.6635742188,
0.2476806641,
0.3044433594,
-0.3488769531,
-0.3366699219,
-0.7612304688,
-0.189453125,
-0.9985351562,
1.1494140625,
-0.3610839844,
-0.8598632812,
1.46484375,
-0.4450683594,
0.0064582825,
-0.3171386719,
-0.6225585938,
-0.0950927734,
0.4602050781,
0.3134765625,
0.458984375,
-0.1451416016,
-0.0602111816,
0.0383911133,
0.4736328125,
0.2429199219,
0.3605957031,
0.6083984375,
0.0631713867,
1.271484375,
0.2470703125,
0.5668945312,
-0.1109008789,
0.0053825378,
0.2166748047,
-0.5385742188,
-0.3427734375,
-0.2432861328,
0.6962890625,
0.6171875,
-0.8969726562,
0.0842285156,
0.4455566406,
0.5478515625,
0.3596191406,
-0.3986816406,
-1.2744140625,
0.48046875,
0.1354980469,
-0.27734375,
-0.0800170898,
-0.1080322266,
0.7001953125,
0.7631835938,
0.4638671875,
-0.0626220703,
-0.5590820312,
-0.5239257812,
0.865234375,
-0.0634765625,
-0.6806640625,
1.3515625,
-0.6518554688,
0.3156738281,
0.908203125,
-0.3764648438,
-0.8642578125,
0.2375488281,
0.8203125,
-0.09375,
-0.0113067627,
0.501953125,
-0.8081054688,
0.4816894531,
0.4699707031,
0.6596679688,
-0.8090820312,
-0.1689453125,
-0.7626953125,
-0.666015625,
1.484375,
-1.208984375,
-0.4802246094,
0.4860839844,
0.1209716797,
-0.9296875,
0.7729492188,
0.5810546875,
0.0744628906,
-0.7333984375,
2.2578125,
-0.6337890625,
0.3298339844,
0.0548400879,
0.5131835938,
0.2259521484,
-0.0066604614,
0.4677734375,
0.2521972656,
0.2531738281,
-0.5810546875,
0.73828125,
0.8002929688,
-0.043548584,
-0.0142059326,
0.0892944336,
-0.4130859375,
0.4477539062,
0.4128417969,
0.1746826172,
0.431640625,
0.6254882812,
-0.1079101562,
-0.4147949219,
-0.6450195312,
-0.4855957031,
-0.1200561523,
0.5131835938,
-0.2336425781,
-0.4213867188,
0.5131835938,
-0.7309570312,
0.3598632812,
-0.4528808594,
0.58984375,
0.6118164062,
-0.1207885742,
-0.2298583984,
0.7670898438,
0.1650390625,
-0.2785644531,
-0.9350585938,
-0.1911621094,
-1.5595703125,
-0.3452148438,
0.0634155273,
0.8178710938,
-0.0313110352,
0.529296875,
-0.4545898438,
0.2687988281,
-0.0679931641,
0.1084594727,
0.5297851562,
1.41015625,
0.5229492188,
-0.3530273438,
-0.8583984375,
-0.0610656738,
-1.7861328125,
-0.9067382812,
-0.8818359375,
0.427734375,
-0.3178710938,
0.0049247742,
-0.41015625,
-0.4038085938,
0.0791625977,
-0.3002929688,
0.1136474609,
0.52734375,
0.8872070312,
0.0153045654,
0.2846679688,
0.6030273438,
-0.7875976562,
0.4731445312,
-0.8251953125,
0.2045898438,
-0.638671875,
0.1274414062,
0.1876220703,
0.5263671875,
-1.970703125,
-0.2995605469,
0.0680541992,
-0.8413085938,
0.0502624512,
-0.0971679688,
-0.4946289062,
-0.4685058594,
0.0296783447,
-0.6948242188,
0.0734863281,
-0.6171875,
-0.0844726562,
0.3776855469,
0.0665893555,
-0.4731445312,
0.4873046875,
-0.5727539062,
-0.0299835205,
1.2802734375,
0.6743164062,
-0.2670898438,
-0.1545410156,
1.9189453125,
-0.0440673828,
0.583984375,
-0.5712890625,
-0.2312011719,
-0.349609375,
-0.4702148438,
1.0771484375,
0.3549804688,
-0.0145492554,
0.0733642578,
-0.7993164062,
-1.6748046875,
0.1828613281,
0.0520629883,
-1.03125,
0.86328125,
-0.2692871094,
-0.6557617188,
0.0206756592,
0.1719970703,
-0.4616699219,
-0.1170043945,
-1.224609375,
-0.9477539062,
-0.4357910156,
0.2097167969,
0.9208984375,
0.5927734375,
-0.4013671875,
0.5185546875,
-0.2376708984,
1.4423828125,
0.2814941406,
0.8110351562,
0.5864257812,
0.1499023438,
-0.1185913086,
1.0244140625,
0.23046875,
-0.5922851562,
0.2514648438,
-0.0098495483,
-0.1480712891,
-0.55859375,
-1.1142578125,
-0.244140625,
-0.5029296875,
0.2014160156,
-0.6181640625,
-0.439453125,
0.1838378906,
-0.015586853,
-0.0758666992,
0.1146850586,
-0.3142089844,
-0.3806152344,
-1.1572265625,
-0.1729736328,
-0.1674804688,
-0.1233520508,
0.3969726562,
-0.3125,
-0.3605957031,
-0.2905273438,
-0.8623046875,
0.5385742188,
0.982421875,
-0.9389648438,
0.7719726562,
-1.330078125,
-0.7260742188,
0.1676025391,
0.5776367188,
0.0679321289,
-1.03125,
-1.2861328125,
-0.5815429688,
-0.6572265625,
0.6459960938,
-0.3298339844,
0.3266601562,
0.6884765625,
0.8681640625,
-0.9912109375,
-1.546875,
-0.1120605469,
0.341796875,
0.6142578125,
-0.3918457031,
1.4326171875,
0.4001464844,
0.8657226562,
-0.5942382812,
0.439453125,
0.8618164062,
-0.2396240234,
0.4526367188,
1.2412109375,
0.0506591797,
0.9702148438,
-0.3559570312,
0.7109375,
1.1171875,
-0.0604553223,
-0.1181030273,
0.1555175781,
-0.6723632812,
0.7563476562,
-0.3696289062,
0.2370605469,
-0.0350036621,
0.8159179688,
-0.4860839844,
0.1708984375,
0.08984375,
-0.0389099121,
-1.001953125,
-0.1903076172,
-1.482421875,
-0.6303710938,
0.3559570312,
0.2785644531,
-0.1729736328,
-0.7338867188,
1.298828125,
0.2961425781,
1.6708984375,
0.1928710938,
-0.5317382812,
0.2580566406,
0.1319580078,
-0.3967285156,
-0.4868164062,
0.0824584961,
0.28125,
-1.2451171875,
-0.2239990234,
0.2885742188,
-0.0941162109,
0.865234375,
0.6879882812,
0.4738769531,
-0.1650390625,
0.3674316406,
-1.8291015625,
0.9506835938,
0.1970214844,
-0.1623535156,
0.4208984375,
-1.7236328125,
-0.6748046875,
0.1413574219,
-0.4558105469,
-0.3479003906,
-0.4086914062,
-0.4772949219,
-0.2834472656,
0.869140625,
-0.87890625,
0.4748535156,
0.9350585938,
0.5942382812,
0.5048828125,
0.1047363281,
-0.826171875,
0.1516113281,
1.1025390625,
0.4067382812,
0.7241210938,
0.6918945312,
0.7685546875,
0.47265625,
-0.5161132812,
-0.1931152344,
0.4130859375,
-0.2844238281,
-0.4001464844,
0.0434265137,
-1.103515625,
-1.1484375,
-0.150390625,
-0.5483398438,
-0.42578125,
-0.7036132812,
0.1296386719,
-0.1932373047,
-0.3103027344,
-0.904296875,
-0.1708984375,
-0.5986328125,
0.0257873535,
-0.7993164062,
0.51953125,
-0.7163085938,
-0.5463867188,
0.2639160156,
0.5073242188,
-0.9272460938,
-0.2592773438,
0.5639648438,
-0.0626220703,
0.3513183594,
0.19140625,
-0.3664550781,
-0.9819335938,
-0.4040527344,
0.0247650146,
-0.4560546875,
0.6103515625,
0.3037109375,
-0.2344970703,
-0.0301818848,
-1.2138671875,
-0.244140625,
0.014755249,
0.47265625,
-0.8115234375,
0.7319335938,
-0.5493164062,
-1.130859375,
0.2780761719,
0.40234375,
0.3269042969,
-0.5883789062,
0.1241455078,
0.2839355469,
0.74609375,
0.62109375,
-0.0489196777,
1.0166015625,
0.0172119141,
-0.6416015625,
-0.4680175781,
1.3212890625,
0.0540771484,
0.0900268555,
-1.46484375,
-0.5991210938,
-0.1178588867,
-0.4294433594,
0.4255371094,
-0.7856445312,
-0.1285400391,
-0.2352294922,
-1.029296875,
0.4892578125,
0.9296875,
-0.1647949219,
0.7045898438,
-0.1577148438,
0.4445800781,
-0.0809326172,
-0.3376464844,
-0.5258789062,
0.6186523438,
-0.2426757812,
0.5415039062,
-0.3413085938,
-0.177734375,
0.580078125,
-1.00390625,
0.1719970703,
0.5366210938,
0.3891601562,
-0.7680664062,
0.2286376953,
0.5615234375,
-0.2065429688,
-0.1494140625,
-0.0029468536,
0.3752441406,
-0.4035644531,
-0.0393981934,
0.2210693359,
0.7514648438,
-1.72265625,
0.2199707031,
0.5336914062,
-0.2883300781,
-0.9692382812,
-0.0164794922,
0.5405273438,
-0.509765625,
0.2783203125,
-0.6928710938,
-0.2291259766,
0.2182617188,
1.1455078125,
-0.0311737061,
-0.5991210938,
-1.1533203125,
-0.0143127441,
0.361328125,
0.4584960938,
-0.5961914062,
-0.0017976761,
0.2880859375,
-0.27734375,
0.5595703125,
0.2393798828,
-0.2424316406,
-0.5947265625,
-0.8583984375,
-0.8549804688,
0.673828125,
0.2286376953,
-0.7241210938,
-0.1411132812,
-0.5493164062,
0.5634765625,
-0.1302490234,
-0.0489501953,
-1.158203125,
0.2932128906,
-0.5234375,
-0.7915039062,
-0.4536132812,
-0.6381835938,
0.8999023438,
-0.0642700195,
0.6572265625,
-0.2022705078,
-0.4907226562,
-1.11328125,
1.0576171875,
-0.4301757812,
0.5727539062,
-0.4846191406,
0.0676879883,
0.51171875,
0.3801269531,
0.521484375,
1.087890625,
1.1162109375,
-0.0698242188,
0.4736328125,
-0.0484619141,
0.6811523438,
-0.3134765625,
0.3659667969,
1.3212890625,
0.0136642456,
-0.3432617188,
0.1524658203,
-1.6025390625,
-0.3349609375,
-0.5400390625,
0.1994628906,
0.1442871094,
-1.1591796875,
-0.1074829102,
-0.0389709473,
0.0224304199,
-0.0733642578,
0.3181152344,
0.4477539062,
0.2244873047,
0.4990234375,
-0.2944335938,
-0.3586425781,
-0.6235351562,
-1.0263671875,
0.4343261719,
-0.3237304688,
0.1768798828,
-0.7885742188,
0.1696777344,
-0.2052001953,
0.3698730469,
-0.3933105469,
-0.5327148438,
-0.6069335938,
0.5668945312,
0.6513671875,
0.1016845703,
-0.7338867188,
0.66796875,
-0.8549804688,
-0.3471679688,
0.8217773438,
1.220703125,
-0.2349853516,
-0.2254638672,
0.1983642578,
0.5620117188,
0.4514160156,
-0.6987304688,
-0.1710205078,
-0.0926513672,
-0.8134765625,
0.3022460938,
0.2836914062,
-0.0528259277,
0.2890625,
-0.1302490234,
0.517578125,
0.6118164062,
-1.708984375,
-0.2478027344,
-0.0034713745,
-0.0054359436,
0.1823730469,
0.5678710938,
-0.1818847656,
0.4611816406,
0.3654785156,
0.5942382812,
-0.4870605469,
-1.48828125,
-0.4375,
-0.5419921875,
-0.759765625,
-0.1564941406,
-0.2344970703,
-0.7412109375,
-0.4655761719,
-0.3403320312,
0.8217773438,
1.240234375,
0.8413085938,
-0.5576171875,
0.4758300781,
-0.2419433594,
0.3930664062,
-0.9541015625,
-0.060333252,
1.2890625,
-0.2000732422,
-0.0223846436,
-13.15625,
0.2956542969,
0.0589904785,
-0.1328125,
-0.9638671875,
0.3212890625,
1.4404296875,
0.591796875,
-0.3901367188,
-0.8295898438,
-0.5673828125,
0.5659179688,
-1.150390625,
-0.5678710938,
-0.0262756348,
0.060333252,
-1.078125,
-0.8598632812,
0.1767578125,
-0.0869750977,
0.2507324219,
1.1689453125,
-0.6528320312,
-0.1899414062,
0.7993164062,
-0.556640625,
0.8706054688,
0.087097168,
-0.482421875,
-0.0152053833,
0.2482910156,
-0.3662109375,
-0.5053710938,
0.5512695312,
-0.3615722656,
0.5581054688,
0.6391601562,
-0.1228027344,
0.1423339844,
-0.1094360352,
1.2431640625,
-0.1765136719,
0.5234375,
1.5927734375,
-0.5952148438,
0.2459716797,
-0.4865722656,
-0.0050544739,
-0.0781860352,
-0.4123535156,
0.9086914062,
1.494140625,
1.3310546875,
0.54296875,
-0.4985351562,
0.2005615234,
-0.8256835938,
0.3537597656,
-1.0732421875,
-0.4438476562,
-1.13671875,
0.6215820312,
-0.3488769531,
0.822265625,
-0.4445800781,
-0.5380859375,
0.2534179688,
-0.3400878906,
-0.0749511719,
-0.5717773438,
0.0155563354,
-0.2939453125,
0.7280273438,
-1.287109375,
0.6762695312,
1.0986328125,
-1.0791015625,
-0.5620117188,
-0.4831542969,
0.0448608398,
-0.88671875,
-1.2890625
] |
The debate became heated, resulting in Avicenna accusing Abu'l-Qasim of lack of basic knowledge in logic, while Abu'l-Qasim accused Avicenna of impoliteness. After the debate, Avicenna sent a letter to the Baghdad Peripatetics, asking if Abu'l-Qasim's claim that he shared the same opinion as them was true. Abu'l-Qasim later retaliated by writing a letter to an unknown person, in which he made accusations so serious, that Avicenna wrote to a deputy of Majd al-Dawla, named Abu Sa'd, to investigate the matter. The accusation made towards Avicenna may have been the same as he had received earlier, in which he was accused by the people of Hamadan of copying the stylistic structures of the Quran in his Sermons on Divine Unity. The seriousness of this charge, in the words of the historian Peter Adamson, "cannot be underestimated in the larger Muslim culture." Not long afterwards, Avicenna shifted his allegiance to the rising Buyid amir Shams al-Dawla (the younger brother of Majd al-Dawla), which Adamson suggests was due to Abu'l-Qasim also working under Sayyida Shirin. Avicenna had been called upon by Shams al-Dawla to treat him, but after the latters campaign in the same year against his former ally, the Annazid ruler Abu Shawk (), he forced Avicenna to become his vizier. Although Avicenna would sometimes clash with Shams al-Dawla's troops, he remained vizier until the latter died of colic in 1021. | [
-0.0549316406,
0.4384765625,
0.5786132812,
-0.4501953125,
-0.3115234375,
0.4165039062,
-0.2983398438,
0.2729492188,
-1.333984375,
0.5092773438,
-0.68359375,
0.4729003906,
0.3688964844,
0.271484375,
0.8037109375,
1.0732421875,
-0.650390625,
-0.8989257812,
0.0285949707,
-0.0836181641,
-0.501953125,
-0.0946655273,
0.2543945312,
-0.3266601562,
-0.6577148438,
-0.1608886719,
0.1160888672,
0.4318847656,
0.2663574219,
0.2395019531,
1.2412109375,
-0.1030273438,
-0.4714355469,
-0.66015625,
-1.2578125,
-0.4262695312,
0.2446289062,
-1.0869140625,
-0.64453125,
0.5712890625,
-0.9423828125,
0.0787963867,
-0.4304199219,
0.0574645996,
0.9409179688,
0.6655273438,
-0.5073242188,
-0.0276794434,
-0.0559692383,
-0.509765625,
-0.7158203125,
0.4370117188,
-0.4741210938,
0.44921875,
0.2008056641,
-0.5346679688,
0.2446289062,
-0.951171875,
0.0659179688,
-1.0302734375,
-0.3537597656,
0.0498962402,
-0.124206543,
-0.7915039062,
0.5874023438,
0.0701904297,
0.2322998047,
-0.7944335938,
0.673828125,
-0.1495361328,
-0.8623046875,
0.2392578125,
-0.9560546875,
-0.1854248047,
-0.2612304688,
-0.798828125,
-0.045501709,
0.6010742188,
0.012046814,
-0.4926757812,
0.2817382812,
-0.9404296875,
-0.3786621094,
-1.8193359375,
0.4565429688,
0.6650390625,
1.083984375,
0.6748046875,
-0.5673828125,
0.3918457031,
0.1506347656,
-0.4826660156,
-0.3291015625,
-0.0883178711,
0.3120117188,
1.302734375,
-0.33984375,
-0.7905273438,
-0.6733398438,
-0.3359375,
-1.09375,
-0.3205566406,
0.734375,
-0.5810546875,
0.0373840332,
1.6357421875,
-0.1778564453,
-0.4665527344,
-0.7534179688,
0.0689086914,
-0.0491943359,
-0.4399414062,
-0.3083496094,
0.2758789062,
-0.0739746094,
-0.5859375,
-0.5854492188,
-0.4519042969,
-0.2198486328,
-0.4775390625,
-0.0233001709,
0.708984375,
0.1630859375,
0.008392334,
0.9853515625,
0.2915039062,
-1.044921875,
-0.0449829102,
0.3330078125,
-0.0444030762,
-0.2210693359,
0.1619873047,
-0.576171875,
0.2082519531,
0.9638671875,
-0.1049804688,
-0.0600891113,
-0.1696777344,
-0.3037109375,
0.1724853516,
-1.3935546875,
0.1235961914,
-0.3190917969,
-0.2761230469,
0.2203369141,
-0.1057128906,
0.3835449219,
0.4521484375,
-0.62109375,
-0.3249511719,
0.4436035156,
0.0947875977,
-0.1395263672,
-0.9672851562,
-0.53515625,
0.2058105469,
-0.1569824219,
-0.6083984375,
0.4265136719,
0.0143051147,
-0.1677246094,
0.3859863281,
-0.8100585938,
-0.2778320312,
-0.1644287109,
-0.0228881836,
-0.572265625,
0.6293945312,
0.4235839844,
0.65234375,
-1.2421875,
-0.0555725098,
0.2858886719,
-0.1594238281,
1.3154296875,
-1.2548828125,
0.1984863281,
0.0166778564,
0.1749267578,
-0.2014160156,
0.6552734375,
-1.1796875,
0.6611328125,
-0.4255371094,
0.0760498047,
0.1278076172,
0.8818359375,
0.0383911133,
0.4868164062,
-0.2484130859,
-0.59375,
0.33984375,
0.2712402344,
-0.1647949219,
-1.1904296875,
-1.0244140625,
0.5556640625,
0.76953125,
-0.4172363281,
0.6997070312,
-0.5502929688,
0.5219726562,
0.7763671875,
0.0657958984,
0.2517089844,
-0.7329101562,
0.5200195312,
0.4338378906,
-0.1228027344,
-0.833984375,
-0.4736328125,
0.69140625,
0.4392089844,
0.7060546875,
0.1414794922,
0.6337890625,
0.609375,
0.1903076172,
0.5141601562,
-0.1861572266,
-0.72265625,
-0.7475585938,
-0.6723632812,
-0.4055175781,
-1.974609375,
1.0078125,
-0.5922851562,
0.4970703125,
0.2526855469,
1.4892578125,
-0.3032226562,
-0.6982421875,
-0.9892578125,
-0.400390625,
0.049621582,
-0.4091796875,
-0.1033935547,
-0.0145950317,
0.5107421875,
-0.2639160156,
0.3283691406,
-0.6201171875,
0.642578125,
-1.1123046875,
0.7563476562,
-0.0664672852,
0.7485351562,
1.1787109375,
0.7348632812,
0.2420654297,
0.619140625,
0.6000976562,
-0.4184570312,
0.3806152344,
-0.3146972656,
-0.2203369141,
-0.404296875,
1.0068359375,
0.4448242188,
1.193359375,
-0.2961425781,
-0.169921875,
1.0966796875,
-0.4985351562,
-0.7197265625,
0.0004091263,
-0.5561523438,
-0.4201660156,
0.5991210938,
0.5009765625,
0.9541015625,
0.8286132812,
-0.7661132812,
-0.3146972656,
0.0748901367,
-0.2692871094,
-0.2983398438,
-0.3203125,
-0.5375976562,
0.4379882812,
-0.2973632812,
-0.3037109375,
0.3918457031,
-0.9897460938,
0.3337402344,
-0.3061523438,
0.8657226562,
0.783203125,
0.2702636719,
-0.896484375,
-1.3701171875,
0.4118652344,
-0.802734375,
-0.0195922852,
-0.5229492188,
0.1678466797,
-0.1369628906,
0.92578125,
-0.1663818359,
-0.6010742188,
0.4328613281,
1.1416015625,
0.1802978516,
0.4033203125,
0.3930664062,
0.5629882812,
-0.1639404297,
-0.2861328125,
-0.0448913574,
-0.049407959,
0.2722167969,
-0.1906738281,
-0.9047851562,
-0.0971679688,
-0.5151367188,
0.2158203125,
-0.3442382812,
0.1307373047,
-0.1169433594,
-0.0938720703,
-0.1829833984,
-0.4624023438,
-0.2890625,
-0.2186279297,
-0.8305664062,
0.423828125,
-0.7661132812,
-0.5185546875,
0.8872070312,
-0.3518066406,
0.1915283203,
-0.1513671875,
-0.0729370117,
0.9887695312,
-0.0283050537,
0.373046875,
0.5947265625,
-0.2263183594,
-0.8022460938,
0.1204833984,
0.509765625,
0.0817260742,
-0.0567016602,
0.3967285156,
-0.0635986328,
0.1575927734,
-0.2568359375,
0.4379882812,
0.2866210938,
-0.0471496582,
0.62109375,
-0.4187011719,
-1.2470703125,
-0.3095703125,
0.330078125,
0.4819335938,
-0.5859375,
0.52734375,
0.2751464844,
0.6284179688,
-0.2609863281,
0.1585693359,
-0.9526367188,
0.3256835938,
-0.4816894531,
-0.2473144531,
-0.5747070312,
-0.3190917969,
0.5708007812,
0.3188476562,
0.521484375,
0.2509765625,
-0.3332519531,
0.3022460938,
0.3134765625,
0.0394592285,
-0.2561035156,
1.46875,
0.0855102539,
0.1712646484,
0.9936523438,
-0.4467773438,
-0.7387695312,
-1.357421875,
0.349609375,
-0.6840820312,
-0.8627929688,
0.6166992188,
-0.7177734375,
0.4028320312,
1.013671875,
0.4250488281,
-0.0207977295,
0.0557861328,
-0.0921020508,
-0.3696289062,
0.8129882812,
-0.8369140625,
-0.1173706055,
0.1528320312,
0.3405761719,
-0.2712402344,
-0.0989990234,
0.888671875,
0.4489746094,
0.3857421875,
3.009765625,
-0.6728515625,
0.5385742188,
0.4655761719,
0.4592285156,
-0.2531738281,
-0.0246582031,
0.1405029297,
-1.2041015625,
-0.3696289062,
-0.6640625,
0.5424804688,
1.0908203125,
0.2015380859,
-0.2521972656,
0.1569824219,
-0.7045898438,
0.5688476562,
-0.1271972656,
0.2078857422,
0.521484375,
-0.6005859375,
0.439453125,
-0.1831054688,
-1.2734375,
-0.4819335938,
-0.4462890625,
0.5541992188,
0.3435058594,
-0.5576171875,
0.4577636719,
-0.4455566406,
0.3955078125,
-0.8447265625,
-0.1713867188,
-0.0265350342,
-0.521484375,
0.9633789062,
0.875,
0.8251953125,
-0.0447998047,
-0.5131835938,
-0.1566162109,
-0.6791992188,
-0.58984375,
0.2183837891,
2.12109375,
0.1407470703,
0.783203125,
-1.4287109375,
0.4252929688,
0.271484375,
0.8510742188,
-0.0100708008,
1.3427734375,
0.0677490234,
-0.7543945312,
-0.5693359375,
0.0718383789,
-0.3513183594,
-0.6962890625,
0.0352172852,
-0.2135009766,
-0.0470581055,
-0.5620117188,
0.1682128906,
-0.5932617188,
-1.013671875,
-0.4309082031,
0.3955078125,
0.7841796875,
1.2509765625,
-0.6420898438,
-0.0709838867,
0.8359375,
-0.564453125,
-0.5678710938,
-0.1903076172,
0.0493774414,
-0.0173187256,
0.3833007812,
0.1975097656,
0.7172851562,
-1.798828125,
-0.3625488281,
0.6997070312,
-0.1127319336,
-0.3098144531,
-0.4020996094,
-0.0719604492,
-0.9194335938,
0.0007271767,
-0.3010253906,
-0.109375,
-0.2922363281,
0.1319580078,
0.2326660156,
-0.092590332,
0.4235839844,
0.5849609375,
-0.2985839844,
0.2138671875,
0.41796875,
1.1767578125,
-0.333984375,
0.4377441406,
2.009765625,
-0.4716796875,
0.1112060547,
0.40234375,
-0.1549072266,
-0.1674804688,
-0.4582519531,
0.2381591797,
0.6811523438,
-0.0242156982,
0.5693359375,
-0.3159179688,
-1.1240234375,
-0.2802734375,
-0.0433959961,
-0.9638671875,
0.494140625,
0.390625,
0.3083496094,
-0.15234375,
-0.0645751953,
0.4353027344,
-0.7104492188,
-1.32421875,
-0.8447265625,
0.6484375,
1.1201171875,
0.8452148438,
0.1977539062,
-0.47265625,
0.5317382812,
0.7509765625,
1.9052734375,
0.62890625,
0.4816894531,
0.4653320312,
0.7104492188,
0.6752929688,
0.3891601562,
-0.556640625,
-0.0346374512,
0.5346679688,
0.4743652344,
-0.1541748047,
0.0095596313,
-0.2197265625,
0.0048789978,
-0.783203125,
-0.3901367188,
-0.0055351257,
-0.2257080078,
-0.0673217773,
0.0777587891,
0.365234375,
-0.0682983398,
0.0540771484,
-0.8159179688,
-1.09765625,
0.0304718018,
-0.2973632812,
0.4013671875,
0.3210449219,
-0.1676025391,
-0.7026367188,
-1.2119140625,
-0.0414123535,
0.3728027344,
0.744140625,
0.1463623047,
0.8305664062,
-0.7856445312,
-0.953125,
0.0528259277,
0.6879882812,
0.60546875,
-1.0029296875,
-1.2265625,
-0.7661132812,
-0.916015625,
-0.5698242188,
0.1170654297,
0.6049804688,
1.3134765625,
-0.1098632812,
-1.9462890625,
-1.6953125,
-0.5766601562,
0.2220458984,
0.0031433105,
-0.2021484375,
0.4313964844,
0.3330078125,
0.9184570312,
-0.341796875,
0.5634765625,
0.8657226562,
-0.1127319336,
0.2946777344,
0.4436035156,
-0.4868164062,
0.708984375,
0.0069503784,
0.5502929688,
0.5991210938,
-0.1854248047,
-0.0548400879,
0.0444946289,
-1.2666015625,
0.7006835938,
-1.3642578125,
0.0776367188,
-0.4545898438,
0.4833984375,
-0.8154296875,
-0.0503234863,
-0.2536621094,
-0.1923828125,
-0.6044921875,
-0.0346679688,
-0.9721679688,
-0.3793945312,
0.1973876953,
-0.5908203125,
0.4580078125,
-0.9028320312,
2.16796875,
0.0733032227,
1.353515625,
0.6469726562,
-0.5234375,
0.5874023438,
-0.4809570312,
-0.0776367188,
-0.1216430664,
-0.1719970703,
-0.0744628906,
-0.8325195312,
-0.075378418,
0.0419006348,
-0.3955078125,
1.1337890625,
0.73828125,
0.2326660156,
-0.6733398438,
-0.0844726562,
-1.736328125,
1.2138671875,
0.3151855469,
0.3161621094,
-0.5317382812,
-0.5336914062,
-0.080871582,
-0.2780761719,
0.2486572266,
0.6499023438,
0.4948730469,
-1.2685546875,
0.6484375,
-0.0281066895,
-0.7612304688,
0.1655273438,
1.0498046875,
0.1034545898,
0.5166015625,
-0.5556640625,
0.1939697266,
0.53125,
0.0250244141,
0.5473632812,
0.7583007812,
-0.0592346191,
0.6982421875,
0.4821777344,
0.0252532959,
0.069519043,
0.1899414062,
0.5795898438,
-0.2861328125,
-0.7080078125,
-1.0703125,
-0.7236328125,
-0.1623535156,
-0.873046875,
-1.0927734375,
-0.0480957031,
0.051361084,
-0.3256835938,
0.0623168945,
-0.7421875,
-0.205078125,
-0.5927734375,
-0.2631835938,
-0.8227539062,
0.4875488281,
0.3581542969,
-0.2614746094,
0.3603515625,
-0.1256103516,
-0.5502929688,
-0.2242431641,
0.77734375,
0.2102050781,
0.1915283203,
0.003276825,
-0.2729492188,
-0.4475097656,
0.4138183594,
0.1084594727,
-0.5483398438,
0.1801757812,
-0.2071533203,
-0.0617675781,
0.3901367188,
-0.71875,
-0.1789550781,
-0.2282714844,
1.07421875,
0.1917724609,
0.8251953125,
0.0129241943,
-0.1459960938,
-0.2088623047,
0.3254394531,
0.7856445312,
-0.083190918,
0.3776855469,
0.1906738281,
0.6220703125,
0.4052734375,
-0.9018554688,
0.0263519287,
0.1805419922,
-0.3112792969,
0.0127182007,
1.6455078125,
0.1102905273,
0.1051025391,
-1.6884765625,
-0.1411132812,
0.2524414062,
0.37109375,
0.8344726562,
-0.1901855469,
-0.5737304688,
-0.6259765625,
-0.6416015625,
-0.5625,
0.8935546875,
0.1015625,
0.3776855469,
-0.0049552917,
0.45703125,
-0.1970214844,
-0.3752441406,
-0.2053222656,
0.8461914062,
0.2756347656,
0.2697753906,
-0.5424804688,
-0.2005615234,
0.615234375,
-0.5283203125,
-0.716796875,
-0.1462402344,
0.7885742188,
-1.4375,
0.2388916016,
0.1739501953,
-0.071472168,
-0.525390625,
-0.5141601562,
0.1743164062,
-0.1235351562,
0.6098632812,
0.1293945312,
0.7719726562,
-1.0322265625,
0.2634277344,
-0.1591796875,
-0.5893554688,
0.1555175781,
0.4169921875,
-0.7177734375,
-0.0420532227,
0.2053222656,
-0.8188476562,
0.4111328125,
0.3359375,
0.3271484375,
0.4782714844,
-0.086730957,
-0.65625,
-0.53125,
0.9008789062,
0.4228515625,
0.0573730469,
-0.089050293,
0.0080413818,
-0.5014648438,
-0.0321044922,
0.3862304688,
-0.2309570312,
0.1001586914,
-1.0537109375,
-0.5244140625,
0.2404785156,
-0.1187744141,
0.3796386719,
0.1594238281,
-1.158203125,
0.0960693359,
1.244140625,
-0.6596679688,
-1.255859375,
-0.5258789062,
-0.3012695312,
-1.0673828125,
-1.046875,
-0.2464599609,
0.8701171875,
-0.1947021484,
0.3862304688,
-0.2758789062,
-0.1638183594,
-0.6103515625,
1.0439453125,
0.1192016602,
0.0219268799,
0.2485351562,
0.0382995605,
0.2319335938,
0.404296875,
0.8549804688,
0.4680175781,
-0.1374511719,
-0.1761474609,
0.2194824219,
-0.0953369141,
0.0918579102,
0.341796875,
-0.3627929688,
0.1431884766,
-0.2491455078,
0.4711914062,
0.2003173828,
-1.2236328125,
-0.3115234375,
-1.0224609375,
0.2175292969,
0.3903808594,
-0.8720703125,
0.1781005859,
0.720703125,
0.0068321228,
-0.1369628906,
0.4184570312,
0.2954101562,
-0.0087432861,
0.5244140625,
-0.1943359375,
0.0541687012,
-0.734375,
-0.9877929688,
-0.2263183594,
-0.974609375,
-0.1893310547,
-0.5913085938,
-0.4494628906,
0.5893554688,
0.1123046875,
-0.0373535156,
-1.0576171875,
-0.4643554688,
-0.0137023926,
0.716796875,
-0.3864746094,
-1.1728515625,
0.669921875,
-0.591796875,
-0.5947265625,
0.5766601562,
1.05078125,
0.0666503906,
-0.5258789062,
-0.1474609375,
0.7172851562,
0.0195159912,
0.4851074219,
-0.3999023438,
0.2612304688,
0.1265869141,
0.1124267578,
0.5869140625,
-0.1175537109,
-0.1345214844,
0.1854248047,
-0.1724853516,
0.27734375,
-1.42578125,
-0.3581542969,
0.2181396484,
-0.2758789062,
0.0845336914,
-0.003692627,
0.552734375,
0.3903808594,
0.3171386719,
-0.3642578125,
-0.5385742188,
-1.1826171875,
-0.5712890625,
-0.3171386719,
-0.2644042969,
0.4545898438,
0.0587158203,
-0.8442382812,
-0.4140625,
-0.3059082031,
1.033203125,
0.6362304688,
0.5805664062,
-0.5366210938,
0.857421875,
-0.1185913086,
0.2705078125,
-1.0712890625,
-0.4016113281,
0.4196777344,
-0.80078125,
0.0531005859,
-13.984375,
0.298828125,
0.6215820312,
-0.1501464844,
-0.8198242188,
-0.3020019531,
0.9526367188,
0.5815429688,
-0.4262695312,
-0.9282226562,
-0.2238769531,
1.103515625,
-0.9052734375,
-0.2006835938,
0.2619628906,
0.1558837891,
-1.2109375,
-1.1484375,
0.4423828125,
-0.108215332,
0.1442871094,
1.109375,
-0.3640136719,
0.1208496094,
0.6860351562,
-0.38671875,
0.408203125,
0.501953125,
0.3596191406,
-0.072265625,
-0.3942871094,
-0.5874023438,
-0.4494628906,
0.8793945312,
0.0892944336,
-0.3767089844,
-0.0184783936,
0.828125,
0.2927246094,
0.5498046875,
0.4091796875,
-0.5288085938,
0.0333862305,
0.8364257812,
-0.1186523438,
0.3359375,
0.3464355469,
-0.58984375,
0.0567321777,
-0.171875,
0.0381774902,
0.8813476562,
0.9340820312,
0.8388671875,
-0.2653808594,
0.0105056763,
-0.9501953125,
0.3225097656,
-0.96875,
0.1831054688,
-0.765625,
-0.4248046875,
-0.5654296875,
0.3876953125,
-0.8198242188,
-0.4636230469,
0.0628051758,
-0.87890625,
0.396484375,
-0.412109375,
-0.0261077881,
-0.2053222656,
1.2744140625,
-0.8452148438,
0.4743652344,
0.1274414062,
-0.8432617188,
-0.9946289062,
-0.5698242188,
-0.0643920898,
-0.4152832031,
-1.2900390625
] |
Avicenna was asked by Shams al-Dawla's son and successor Sama' al-Dawla () stay as vizier, but instead went into hiding with his patron Abu Ghalib al-Attar, to wait for better opportunities to emerge. It was during this period that Avicenna was secretly in contact with Ala al-Dawla Muhammad (), the Kakuyid ruler of Isfahan and uncle of Sayyida Shirin. During his stay at Attar's home that Avicenna completed his Book of Healing, writing fifty pages a day. The Buyid court in Hamadan, particularly the Kurdish vizier Taj al-Mulk, suspected Avicenna of correspondence with Ala al-Dawla, and as result had the house of Attar ransacked and Avicenna imprisoned in the fortress of Fardajan, outside Hamadan. Juzjani blames one of Avicenna's informers for his capture. Avicenna was imprisoned in four months, until Ala al-Dawla captured Hamadan, thus putting an end to Sama al-Dawla's reign. In Isfahan
Avicenna was subsequently released, and went to Isfahan, where he was well received by Ala al-Dawla. In the words of Juzjani, the Kakuyid ruler gave Avicenna "the respect and esteem which someone like him deserved." Adamson also says that Avicenna's service under Ala al-Dawla "proved to be the most stable period of his life." Avicenna served as the advisor, if not vizier of Ala al-Dawla, accompanying him in many of his military expeditions and travels. Avicenna dedicated two Persian works to him, a philosophical treatise named Danish-nama-yi Ala'i ("Book of Science for Ala"), and a medical treatise about the pulse. | [
-0.2114257812,
0.1968994141,
1.0869140625,
-0.8715820312,
-0.2800292969,
0.5532226562,
-0.3020019531,
0.3544921875,
-0.8203125,
0.4450683594,
-0.0958862305,
1.1259765625,
0.595703125,
-0.1785888672,
1.4140625,
0.9125976562,
-0.6899414062,
-0.4340820312,
0.6147460938,
-0.1887207031,
-0.7744140625,
-0.5703125,
0.0567932129,
-0.0422058105,
-1.0439453125,
-0.2302246094,
-0.076965332,
0.4694824219,
-0.1734619141,
-0.224609375,
1.033203125,
-0.1024169922,
0.3979492188,
-1.0029296875,
-1.330078125,
-0.0049209595,
0.7114257812,
-1.3046875,
-0.0218200684,
0.0342102051,
-1.1455078125,
-0.2744140625,
-0.5830078125,
0.1044921875,
1.017578125,
0.4777832031,
-0.1628417969,
0.431640625,
-0.2032470703,
-0.9404296875,
-0.75,
-0.1094970703,
-0.4851074219,
0.8662109375,
0.4914550781,
-0.0248718262,
-0.154296875,
-0.8081054688,
-0.1027832031,
-1.111328125,
0.0302734375,
0.0290985107,
0.6069335938,
0.0018434525,
0.607421875,
-1.31640625,
0.7270507812,
-1.53515625,
0.806640625,
-0.1838378906,
-0.4399414062,
-0.1500244141,
-1.06640625,
1.162109375,
-0.0478515625,
-1.1640625,
0.4794921875,
0.64453125,
0.2875976562,
-1.033203125,
-0.0226593018,
-0.8623046875,
-0.8920898438,
-1.203125,
1.0712890625,
0.2609863281,
0.5439453125,
0.251953125,
-0.5576171875,
-0.2176513672,
0.0587768555,
-0.5400390625,
-0.8198242188,
-0.8095703125,
0.2641601562,
1.21875,
0.1331787109,
-0.9951171875,
-0.9721679688,
0.1298828125,
-0.4262695312,
0.337890625,
0.513671875,
-1.251953125,
0.2917480469,
1.4189453125,
0.3798828125,
-1.2548828125,
-0.53125,
0.0630493164,
0.2176513672,
-0.1529541016,
0.2432861328,
0.611328125,
0.3161621094,
-0.0044555664,
-0.0069503784,
-0.5952148438,
-0.2097167969,
-0.1672363281,
0.1522216797,
0.8330078125,
-0.4750976562,
-0.4973144531,
0.5576171875,
0.3356933594,
-0.6586914062,
0.5356445312,
1.0537109375,
-0.1632080078,
-0.1105957031,
-0.1695556641,
-0.4318847656,
-0.666015625,
1.0537109375,
-0.3732910156,
-0.1054077148,
0.1343994141,
-0.4597167969,
0.0356750488,
-1.4580078125,
-0.3786621094,
-0.0564575195,
-0.1588134766,
0.744140625,
0.0312347412,
0.1267089844,
1.015625,
-0.7900390625,
-0.3786621094,
0.5151367188,
-0.4431152344,
-0.3046875,
-0.423828125,
-0.4423828125,
0.4868164062,
0.0641479492,
-0.2766113281,
0.400390625,
-0.0218505859,
-0.482421875,
-0.4060058594,
-0.7553710938,
0.369140625,
-0.3022460938,
0.4885253906,
-0.9462890625,
1.337890625,
0.7890625,
0.462890625,
-0.9184570312,
0.2890625,
-0.2008056641,
-0.1666259766,
1.4736328125,
-0.9248046875,
0.576171875,
-0.1622314453,
-0.1091308594,
-0.3701171875,
0.1252441406,
-1.3017578125,
0.4975585938,
0.0258178711,
0.0360107422,
0.2927246094,
0.3327636719,
-0.9096679688,
0.3205566406,
-0.4272460938,
-0.6108398438,
-0.0982666016,
-0.0338745117,
0.2604980469,
-1.1904296875,
-0.9921875,
0.6440429688,
1.1240234375,
-0.5625,
0.4345703125,
-0.2731933594,
0.470703125,
-0.0374755859,
-0.3627929688,
0.010093689,
-0.2568359375,
-0.0855712891,
1.4619140625,
-0.5112304688,
-0.0654296875,
-0.8310546875,
0.3447265625,
-0.3908691406,
0.9716796875,
0.0628051758,
0.2495117188,
0.2009277344,
-0.0352783203,
0.37890625,
-0.7006835938,
-0.4140625,
-0.0916137695,
-1.3740234375,
-0.623046875,
-1.306640625,
0.619140625,
-0.634765625,
0.2155761719,
0.1550292969,
1.4453125,
0.2993164062,
-0.1137084961,
-1.080078125,
0.3999023438,
-0.1030883789,
-0.4597167969,
0.0148391724,
-0.625,
-0.4584960938,
-0.6435546875,
0.548828125,
-0.6215820312,
0.1994628906,
-1.23828125,
0.5278320312,
0.036895752,
0.8837890625,
0.7338867188,
0.0889892578,
-0.0460205078,
0.4995117188,
0.966796875,
-0.3208007812,
-0.4812011719,
0.2504882812,
-0.067565918,
-0.1364746094,
0.7607421875,
0.0980224609,
0.9423828125,
0.0700073242,
-0.2346191406,
1.0849609375,
-0.3854980469,
-0.8500976562,
-0.2156982422,
-0.6176757812,
-1.32421875,
0.4719238281,
0.7221679688,
0.1154785156,
1.2734375,
-0.5834960938,
-0.9711914062,
0.0736083984,
-0.1588134766,
-0.748046875,
0.0136413574,
-0.1982421875,
0.69921875,
-0.2944335938,
-0.8520507812,
-0.5883789062,
-0.6684570312,
0.6479492188,
-0.33203125,
-0.2120361328,
0.7392578125,
0.8564453125,
-1.322265625,
-1.0966796875,
-0.2875976562,
0.2185058594,
-0.2971191406,
-0.0535888672,
0.1807861328,
-0.521484375,
1.03515625,
0.0902709961,
0.2366943359,
-0.0368041992,
1.2548828125,
0.2802734375,
0.7021484375,
0.0255584717,
0.677734375,
-0.7021484375,
0.4272460938,
0.8286132812,
-0.7524414062,
0.3046875,
-0.1860351562,
-0.5478515625,
-0.2707519531,
-0.0628051758,
-0.3967285156,
-0.5200195312,
0.484375,
-0.1840820312,
0.026184082,
-0.1820068359,
-0.9555664062,
-0.2220458984,
0.0661010742,
-0.8203125,
0.4997558594,
-0.4697265625,
-0.2946777344,
0.8520507812,
-0.2353515625,
-0.6376953125,
0.3842773438,
-0.3166503906,
0.3142089844,
0.5922851562,
0.1477050781,
0.2858886719,
0.2482910156,
-0.1070556641,
0.662109375,
0.5200195312,
0.7470703125,
0.6987304688,
0.7993164062,
0.2211914062,
1.130859375,
0.2746582031,
0.2270507812,
-0.43359375,
0.1223754883,
0.6625976562,
-0.3674316406,
-0.7045898438,
-0.4626464844,
0.3920898438,
0.962890625,
-0.2377929688,
0.1176147461,
0.7475585938,
0.7163085938,
-0.045135498,
0.0152359009,
-0.8627929688,
0.478515625,
0.2203369141,
-0.2216796875,
-0.0333557129,
-0.3759765625,
0.556640625,
0.865234375,
0.2006835938,
-0.2502441406,
-1.07421875,
-0.2330322266,
0.9580078125,
-0.5581054688,
-0.7983398438,
1.7392578125,
0.3034667969,
0.1440429688,
0.2888183594,
-0.2883300781,
-0.8862304688,
-0.7036132812,
0.6274414062,
-0.2293701172,
-0.0667724609,
1.544921875,
-0.3442382812,
0.4526367188,
0.4404296875,
0.9233398438,
0.055847168,
-0.0238494873,
-0.6962890625,
-0.5859375,
0.3896484375,
-0.57421875,
-0.3742675781,
0.4265136719,
0.0295410156,
-0.4545898438,
0.3969726562,
0.783203125,
0.0825805664,
-0.6557617188,
2.67578125,
-0.568359375,
0.3342285156,
0.4309082031,
0.4885253906,
0.2724609375,
-0.3977050781,
-0.4797363281,
-0.3935546875,
0.2020263672,
-0.2250976562,
0.8344726562,
0.9794921875,
0.7270507812,
0.0498352051,
0.5141601562,
-0.4189453125,
-0.134765625,
0.2197265625,
0.3576660156,
0.6474609375,
0.1654052734,
-0.4526367188,
-0.1350097656,
-1.1201171875,
-0.6303710938,
0.0293273926,
-0.1492919922,
0.0577697754,
-0.7329101562,
0.4392089844,
-0.521484375,
1.3671875,
0.2144775391,
0.6684570312,
0.5678710938,
-0.4968261719,
0.0243682861,
1.1181640625,
0.3359375,
-0.21484375,
-0.3017578125,
0.6127929688,
-1.158203125,
-0.2846679688,
-0.4191894531,
1.029296875,
0.2890625,
0.5341796875,
-0.41015625,
0.615234375,
-0.0765991211,
0.3674316406,
0.8916015625,
0.6611328125,
0.4467773438,
-0.8911132812,
-0.5131835938,
-0.1223144531,
-0.92578125,
-0.7900390625,
-0.6508789062,
0.1701660156,
0.0009665489,
0.2854003906,
-0.7270507812,
-0.4252929688,
-0.4965820312,
-0.1380615234,
0.2152099609,
0.4992675781,
1.099609375,
-0.1166381836,
0.0180969238,
0.5883789062,
-0.6059570312,
-0.1652832031,
-0.3432617188,
-0.7060546875,
-0.0520935059,
0.0748291016,
-0.7026367188,
0.1843261719,
-1.8251953125,
-0.1280517578,
1.21484375,
-0.7407226562,
-0.0868530273,
-0.2061767578,
0.1259765625,
-0.4572753906,
0.3664550781,
-0.4289550781,
0.0751953125,
-0.4689941406,
0.3146972656,
0.6059570312,
0.0206451416,
-0.0935668945,
0.931640625,
-0.0624084473,
-0.5190429688,
0.3999023438,
1.4248046875,
-0.3605957031,
0.1547851562,
1.865234375,
-0.4182128906,
0.8081054688,
-0.4692382812,
-0.5307617188,
-0.63671875,
-0.2880859375,
0.7041015625,
0.7524414062,
-0.3432617188,
-0.5004882812,
-0.400390625,
-2.091796875,
-0.1612548828,
-0.1315917969,
-1.2021484375,
0.7006835938,
0.3559570312,
-0.5805664062,
0.357421875,
0.0740966797,
-0.1513671875,
-0.6831054688,
-1.970703125,
-0.2097167969,
0.1359863281,
0.6611328125,
0.99609375,
0.1600341797,
-1.130859375,
0.0328674316,
-0.0588684082,
1.685546875,
0.5844726562,
0.6337890625,
1.0419921875,
0.5600585938,
0.0525512695,
1.0166015625,
0.1666259766,
-0.8930664062,
0.4013671875,
0.6982421875,
0.5815429688,
-0.0568847656,
-0.7397460938,
-0.55859375,
-0.3713378906,
-0.0949707031,
-0.6611328125,
-0.1275634766,
0.4438476562,
-0.1207885742,
-0.2047119141,
0.2954101562,
-0.4064941406,
-0.4704589844,
-1.443359375,
0.6362304688,
-0.4885253906,
0.89453125,
0.0350036621,
-0.3122558594,
0.1572265625,
-0.671875,
-0.2646484375,
0.1345214844,
0.9360351562,
-0.791015625,
0.9575195312,
-0.9555664062,
-1.3125,
0.0064849854,
0.66015625,
0.3205566406,
-1.078125,
-1.177734375,
-0.9287109375,
-0.5522460938,
-0.0214385986,
-0.1989746094,
0.7607421875,
1.068359375,
0.2299804688,
-1.6611328125,
-1.20703125,
-0.6225585938,
0.3720703125,
0.3125,
-0.6479492188,
0.9711914062,
-0.1658935547,
1,
-0.3608398438,
0.556640625,
0.7739257812,
-0.2856445312,
-0.1821289062,
0.7744140625,
-0.0720214844,
0.5209960938,
-0.5473632812,
0.2756347656,
0.4125976562,
-0.0773925781,
-0.435546875,
-0.0530090332,
-1.1904296875,
0.794921875,
-0.7373046875,
-0.0281524658,
-0.1271972656,
0.7104492188,
-0.1435546875,
-0.0082092285,
-0.4619140625,
-0.4760742188,
-0.8041992188,
-0.1834716797,
-0.4921875,
-0.6147460938,
0.03515625,
0.3933105469,
-0.0967407227,
-0.1943359375,
1.453125,
0.1207885742,
1.4365234375,
0.744140625,
-0.8588867188,
0.5947265625,
-0.0381164551,
-0.4965820312,
-0.4877929688,
-0.3447265625,
-0.3266601562,
-0.5795898438,
0.0046157837,
0.4519042969,
-0.7963867188,
0.734375,
0.7685546875,
0.1044921875,
-0.3627929688,
-0.0789794922,
-2.443359375,
1.5498046875,
0.5151367188,
0.3564453125,
0.5439453125,
-1.4296875,
-0.5766601562,
0.2298583984,
-0.0610656738,
-0.3107910156,
-0.2763671875,
-0.4904785156,
0.3623046875,
1.611328125,
-0.70703125,
0.9028320312,
1.1240234375,
0.1750488281,
0.94140625,
0.1611328125,
-0.3889160156,
0.1676025391,
0.1765136719,
0.4538574219,
0.3566894531,
0.2193603516,
0.2116699219,
0.2193603516,
0.3349609375,
-0.3400878906,
0.6176757812,
0.1016845703,
-0.0770874023,
-0.7661132812,
-1.47265625,
-0.5717773438,
0.0946655273,
0.4291992188,
-1.4052734375,
-0.3835449219,
0.1094360352,
0.0009670258,
-0.3889160156,
-0.9814453125,
-0.498046875,
-0.4860839844,
-0.0503234863,
-0.78515625,
0.3503417969,
-0.1995849609,
-0.7719726562,
-0.0313110352,
-0.1943359375,
-0.7807617188,
0.0075950623,
0.7036132812,
-0.0353088379,
0.515625,
0.3254394531,
-0.9291992188,
-0.517578125,
0.0541992188,
0.3354492188,
-0.8452148438,
0.8173828125,
0.4758300781,
-0.1635742188,
0.3188476562,
-0.7119140625,
-0.3332519531,
0.004650116,
0.5356445312,
-0.2379150391,
1.2490234375,
-0.1387939453,
-0.5869140625,
0.5048828125,
0.0859375,
0.5673828125,
-1.3427734375,
0.5961914062,
0.1042480469,
0.3422851562,
0.0678710938,
-0.2954101562,
0.3547363281,
0.3234863281,
-0.4895019531,
-0.333984375,
1.3720703125,
-0.0760498047,
0.5,
-2.5546875,
-0.26953125,
0.2326660156,
-0.1608886719,
1.162109375,
-0.8979492188,
0.0256958008,
-0.3916015625,
-1.2041015625,
-0.2286376953,
1.0078125,
-0.1973876953,
0.2294921875,
0.4626464844,
0.3256835938,
-0.1760253906,
-0.2551269531,
-0.3459472656,
0.6674804688,
-0.3283691406,
0.2366943359,
0.1726074219,
0.1701660156,
0.7524414062,
-1.1142578125,
-0.3752441406,
0.3051757812,
0.8393554688,
-1.064453125,
0.298828125,
-0.0067672729,
-0.1005859375,
0.0171508789,
0.3120117188,
-0.0773925781,
-0.7075195312,
0.7099609375,
-0.1678466797,
0.4370117188,
-1.111328125,
0.0550231934,
0.2543945312,
-0.5854492188,
-0.5219726562,
0.1489257812,
-0.3322753906,
-0.205078125,
0.2203369141,
-0.5654296875,
0.4494628906,
-0.1888427734,
1.0869140625,
0.0789794922,
-0.4208984375,
-0.8159179688,
-0.9956054688,
1.5732421875,
-0.0089569092,
-0.4892578125,
0.0194396973,
0.4636230469,
-0.3662109375,
0.6708984375,
0.537109375,
0.2761230469,
-0.4682617188,
-0.8720703125,
-0.3815917969,
0.5502929688,
-0.0279541016,
0.2010498047,
0.3742675781,
-0.4294433594,
-0.4228515625,
0.337890625,
-0.3044433594,
-0.6279296875,
0.0212860107,
-0.0073280334,
-0.4357910156,
-0.4731445312,
-0.2973632812,
0.6596679688,
-0.2346191406,
0.5815429688,
0.0844116211,
-0.4326171875,
-0.7958984375,
0.65625,
0.4345703125,
0.1226196289,
-0.2971191406,
-0.392578125,
0.2673339844,
-0.1013183594,
0.728515625,
0.572265625,
0.9848632812,
-0.078125,
-0.1100463867,
-0.1791992188,
0.0306396484,
0.2039794922,
-0.3149414062,
0.0916748047,
-0.0659179688,
0.1033935547,
0.5170898438,
-1.4765625,
-0.5170898438,
-0.5200195312,
0.580078125,
-0.3166503906,
-0.8798828125,
-0.1006469727,
0.7241210938,
-0.1374511719,
0.1032714844,
0.1030273438,
0.4731445312,
-0.4248046875,
-0.1784667969,
0.2873535156,
-0.1534423828,
-0.59765625,
-1.333984375,
-0.0979003906,
-0.9458007812,
-0.3112792969,
-0.4631347656,
-0.2221679688,
0.7973632812,
0.2570800781,
0.1032714844,
-1.271484375,
-0.9770507812,
-0.0429992676,
1.0361328125,
-0.2573242188,
-0.71875,
0.8232421875,
-0.2888183594,
-0.6567382812,
0.2907714844,
0.6186523438,
-0.2277832031,
-0.4448242188,
-0.3249511719,
0.30859375,
0.054107666,
-0.089050293,
-0.5380859375,
-0.3596191406,
0.029876709,
0.3122558594,
0.68359375,
-0.2641601562,
0.0209960938,
0.1998291016,
0.0243988037,
0.5268554688,
-0.9389648438,
-0.3669433594,
0.1810302734,
0.2770996094,
0.1956787109,
0.4963378906,
0.1632080078,
-0.0348815918,
0.2685546875,
0.5288085938,
-0.9887695312,
-1.05078125,
-0.3676757812,
-0.724609375,
-0.7490234375,
0.0317077637,
-0.019744873,
-0.8090820312,
-0.4924316406,
0.3857421875,
1.0986328125,
0.5590820312,
0.630859375,
0.1721191406,
0.6279296875,
-0.0071792603,
0.3825683594,
-0.73046875,
-0.1397705078,
1.0712890625,
0.2844238281,
0.1536865234,
-12.6171875,
0.546875,
0.751953125,
-0.0650024414,
-1.296875,
0.1470947266,
0.9028320312,
0.3068847656,
-0.0050354004,
-0.9399414062,
-0.7651367188,
0.5141601562,
-0.9599609375,
-0.689453125,
-0.3295898438,
0.3532714844,
-1.9423828125,
-1.142578125,
0.3200683594,
0.2264404297,
0.3029785156,
1.1796875,
-0.3649902344,
-0.1795654297,
0.8232421875,
-0.0271148682,
0.552734375,
0.2469482422,
-0.6186523438,
-0.5258789062,
-0.5336914062,
0.1555175781,
-0.7900390625,
0.7983398438,
-0.2354736328,
0.5717773438,
0.2135009766,
0.3864746094,
0.1810302734,
0.1812744141,
0.4389648438,
0.1094360352,
0.4602050781,
1.5693359375,
-0.1882324219,
-0.0077095032,
-0.073425293,
-0.376953125,
0.0556030273,
0.0331726074,
-0.3286132812,
1.234375,
0.869140625,
0.8046875,
0.0397033691,
1.0712890625,
-1.2060546875,
0.0078887939,
-0.8608398438,
-0.3044433594,
-0.2963867188,
0.1408691406,
-0.2486572266,
0.51171875,
-0.4970703125,
-0.3444824219,
-0.3647460938,
-0.7729492188,
0.568359375,
-0.74609375,
0.2956542969,
-0.5537109375,
1.5087890625,
-0.5966796875,
0.6259765625,
0.4396972656,
-2.119140625,
-0.7216796875,
-0.6357421875,
-0.8168945312,
-0.6206054688,
-1.12109375
] |
During the brief occupation of Isfahan by the Ghaznavids in January 1030, Avicenna and Ala al-Dawla relocated to the southwestern Iranian region of Khuzistan, where they stayed until the death of the Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud (), which occurred two months later. It was seemingly when Avicenna returned to Isfahan that he started writing his Pointers and Reminders. In 1037, while Avicenna was accompanying Ala al-Dawla to a battle near Isfahan, he was hit by a severe colic, which he had been constantly suffering from throughout his life. He died shortly afterwards in Hamadan, where he was buried. Philosophy
Avicenna wrote extensively on early Islamic philosophy, especially the subjects logic, ethics and metaphysics, including treatises named Logic and Metaphysics. Most of his works were written in Arabic—then the language of science in the Middle East—and some in Persian. Of linguistic significance even to this day are a few books that he wrote in nearly pure Persian language (particularly the Danishnamah-yi 'Ala', Philosophy for Ala' ad-Dawla'). Avicenna's commentaries on Aristotle often criticized the philosopher, encouraging a lively debate in the spirit of ijtihad. Avicenna's Neoplatonic scheme of "emanations" became fundamental in the Kalam (school of theological discourse) in the 12th century. His Book of Healing became available in Europe in partial Latin translation some fifty years after its composition, under the title Sufficientia, and some authors have identified a "Latin Avicennism" as flourishing for some time, paralleling the more influential Latin Averroism, but suppressed by the Parisian decrees of 1210 and 1215. | [
0.3696289062,
-0.3420410156,
0.9916992188,
-0.5620117188,
-0.5341796875,
0.6372070312,
-0.443359375,
0.353515625,
-1.056640625,
0.2844238281,
0.2077636719,
0.4265136719,
0.3854980469,
-0.150390625,
0.5834960938,
0.1212158203,
-0.4958496094,
-0.4877929688,
-0.2154541016,
-0.3559570312,
-0.2392578125,
-0.66015625,
0.2164306641,
-0.9267578125,
-0.4516601562,
-0.0785522461,
-0.3151855469,
0.5512695312,
0.2264404297,
0.3098144531,
0.4340820312,
0.408203125,
1.140625,
-0.9243164062,
-0.6083984375,
0.0955810547,
0.1518554688,
-0.5439453125,
-0.6396484375,
0.2161865234,
-0.7250976562,
-0.1417236328,
-0.5810546875,
0.058807373,
0.5634765625,
-0.4072265625,
0.1613769531,
0.026184082,
-0.0381469727,
-0.2863769531,
-0.7924804688,
0.2338867188,
-0.9155273438,
0.0963745117,
-0.3132324219,
0.0032539368,
0.4567871094,
-1.146484375,
-0.5297851562,
-1.4189453125,
-0.4975585938,
-0.3676757812,
0.5986328125,
-0.4123535156,
0.3579101562,
-1.427734375,
-0.4938964844,
-1.02734375,
0.76953125,
0.5625,
-1.1923828125,
-0.0226287842,
-0.4606933594,
0.1729736328,
-0.0964355469,
-0.6069335938,
0.4240722656,
0.6928710938,
0.2863769531,
-0.3229980469,
0.1416015625,
-0.8876953125,
-0.4645996094,
-1.5810546875,
-0.0226135254,
0.7465820312,
0.7509765625,
-0.09765625,
0.1851806641,
0.310546875,
0.5625,
-0.9155273438,
0.0235595703,
-0.1469726562,
0.6376953125,
0.8959960938,
-0.1320800781,
-0.7719726562,
-0.1735839844,
-0.1444091797,
-0.5209960938,
-1.0478515625,
0.703125,
-0.6904296875,
0.2802734375,
1.3408203125,
-0.3830566406,
-0.703125,
0.1705322266,
-0.0505065918,
-0.1024780273,
-0.1932373047,
-0.3237304688,
0.8212890625,
0.646484375,
-0.1342773438,
-0.0343322754,
-0.2770996094,
0.3188476562,
-0.529296875,
-0.1385498047,
0.0195770264,
-0.7504882812,
-0.3725585938,
0.7275390625,
0.3034667969,
-0.7221679688,
0.3015136719,
0.2502441406,
0.1541748047,
-0.031829834,
-0.1267089844,
-0.0389404297,
-0.3688964844,
0.4396972656,
-1.0732421875,
-0.5327148438,
-0.2043457031,
-0.0860595703,
0.6245117188,
-0.6645507812,
0.1706542969,
0.5185546875,
-0.1867675781,
0.6220703125,
-0.2178955078,
0.419921875,
1.34375,
-0.6479492188,
-0.6186523438,
1.2744140625,
-0.3591308594,
0.2927246094,
-0.2265625,
-0.1190185547,
0.016784668,
0.0123138428,
0.1809082031,
-0.0242919922,
0.2746582031,
-0.671875,
-0.5009765625,
-0.9077148438,
0.7080078125,
-0.4201660156,
0.595703125,
-0.6293945312,
0.2225341797,
0.8364257812,
0.4904785156,
-0.6196289062,
0.6157226562,
0.2055664062,
0.0747680664,
0.84765625,
-0.5234375,
0.7368164062,
0.146484375,
-0.4157714844,
-0.6547851562,
0.5717773438,
-0.9541015625,
0.0321044922,
-0.4211425781,
0.0305938721,
0.6567382812,
-0.1262207031,
-0.2409667969,
-0.1695556641,
-0.0026054382,
-0.83203125,
0.4289550781,
0.1497802734,
-0.2634277344,
-1.369140625,
-1.3515625,
-0.55859375,
1.2685546875,
-0.30859375,
-0.5346679688,
0.3959960938,
0.919921875,
0.583984375,
-0.1533203125,
-0.146484375,
-0.09765625,
0.0367431641,
0.6284179688,
-0.0505065918,
-0.6533203125,
-0.5883789062,
0.1834716797,
-0.470703125,
0.3083496094,
0.5356445312,
0.7319335938,
0.7358398438,
-0.5522460938,
0.3874511719,
-0.255859375,
-0.7456054688,
-0.4130859375,
-0.94921875,
-0.15234375,
-1.6005859375,
0.841796875,
-1.384765625,
0.5463867188,
0.2099609375,
1.2197265625,
-0.4313964844,
-0.5078125,
-1.2275390625,
-0.1463623047,
-0.0019073486,
-0.3757324219,
0.0202941895,
-0.662109375,
0.0259399414,
-0.1572265625,
0.2856445312,
0.0056419373,
0.5673828125,
-0.76171875,
0.6064453125,
1.2275390625,
0.5073242188,
1.37109375,
0.6962890625,
0.2017822266,
1.072265625,
1.3310546875,
0.515625,
-0.1807861328,
0.0209503174,
-0.2971191406,
0.0484313965,
0.8291015625,
0.564453125,
0.6611328125,
-0.4401855469,
0.2044677734,
1.123046875,
-0.1927490234,
-0.3967285156,
-0.4404296875,
-0.4973144531,
-0.7524414062,
0.5263671875,
-0.0401306152,
0.5078125,
0.4992675781,
-0.6850585938,
-0.6899414062,
1.095703125,
0.361328125,
-0.0419921875,
-0.0472106934,
-0.4775390625,
0.0701904297,
-0.0659790039,
-0.2749023438,
-0.0713500977,
-0.3564453125,
0.5229492188,
-0.4445800781,
0.7763671875,
0.7124023438,
-0.0561828613,
-0.791015625,
-0.7319335938,
0.3576660156,
-0.2551269531,
0.3381347656,
0.3623046875,
0.4799804688,
0.6196289062,
0.9765625,
0.3178710938,
-0.4313964844,
1.3095703125,
1.28125,
0.0298614502,
0.4790039062,
0.3513183594,
0.7084960938,
-0.4367675781,
0.6274414062,
0.4602050781,
-0.0274200439,
-0.1088867188,
0.2556152344,
-0.6811523438,
-0.0077857971,
-0.6850585938,
0.4013671875,
-1.0703125,
-0.1362304688,
0.4155273438,
0.1265869141,
-0.2282714844,
-0.3254394531,
-0.0980224609,
0.1139526367,
-0.2705078125,
0.8168945312,
0.1145629883,
-0.3842773438,
1.4189453125,
-0.0431518555,
0.0313720703,
0.5668945312,
-0.2291259766,
0.5825195312,
0.4025878906,
0.4697265625,
0.5444335938,
0.814453125,
-0.2196044922,
0.088684082,
0.6918945312,
1.12890625,
0.716796875,
0.2770996094,
-0.4299316406,
0.927734375,
-0.44140625,
0.2666015625,
-0.0553283691,
0.040435791,
0.7329101562,
-0.2858886719,
-1.2470703125,
0.1044311523,
0.6635742188,
0.4208984375,
-0.1069335938,
0.2230224609,
0.2092285156,
0.2829589844,
-0.509765625,
-0.099609375,
-1.025390625,
-0.0024700165,
-0.572265625,
-0.134765625,
-0.1538085938,
0.0377197266,
-0.0885620117,
0.5693359375,
0.4306640625,
-0.3508300781,
-1.361328125,
-0.1164550781,
1.25,
-0.8491210938,
-0.8627929688,
1.46875,
-0.4975585938,
-0.3430175781,
0.1817626953,
-0.57421875,
-0.7524414062,
-1.2119140625,
0.8022460938,
-0.2922363281,
-0.3354492188,
0.4306640625,
-0.3701171875,
0.6181640625,
0.2736816406,
1.1611328125,
-0.0580749512,
0.3383789062,
0.0225219727,
-0.9736328125,
0.9384765625,
-0.8598632812,
-0.1779785156,
0.5200195312,
0.3254394531,
-0.4541015625,
0.0407104492,
0.21484375,
0.0053520203,
-1.00390625,
2.498046875,
-0.7607421875,
0.4897460938,
-0.2768554688,
0.2088623047,
0.0010566711,
0.0737915039,
0.5161132812,
-0.9638671875,
-0.3173828125,
-0.78125,
0.3830566406,
0.6118164062,
0.3125,
0.0452880859,
-0.0100402832,
-0.34375,
-0.3693847656,
0.2397460938,
1.0341796875,
0.3110351562,
0.0348205566,
0.1071166992,
-0.7475585938,
-0.8725585938,
-0.1267089844,
0.2429199219,
0.2099609375,
-0.0384521484,
-0.1391601562,
0.1988525391,
-1.0986328125,
-0.1840820312,
-0.4418945312,
-0.020690918,
0.4309082031,
-0.2731933594,
0.9604492188,
0.7075195312,
0.0104064941,
-0.2161865234,
-0.8266601562,
0.0466003418,
-0.7348632812,
0.0922241211,
-0.3547363281,
1.9296875,
-0.1315917969,
0.5122070312,
-0.5908203125,
0.2373046875,
0.0776977539,
0.1879882812,
0.6645507812,
0.7783203125,
0.2149658203,
-0.7890625,
0.0389404297,
-1.00390625,
-1.8173828125,
-0.9487304688,
0.1154785156,
0.0903320312,
-0.3386230469,
-0.51171875,
0.0869750977,
-0.67578125,
-0.3439941406,
-0.4272460938,
0.0260772705,
0.5498046875,
0.953125,
0.1300048828,
0.0130844116,
0.5288085938,
-0.6000976562,
-0.1284179688,
0.09765625,
0.1656494141,
-0.4147949219,
0.41015625,
-0.3322753906,
1.013671875,
-2.048828125,
-0.3564453125,
0.8642578125,
-0.80859375,
-0.5380859375,
-0.5844726562,
-0.6225585938,
0.0499572754,
-0.5952148438,
-0.0149230957,
-0.0659179688,
-0.9775390625,
-0.2182617188,
0.5087890625,
0.3774414062,
-0.3198242188,
0.5712890625,
-0.3012695312,
0.1196899414,
0.5932617188,
0.93359375,
0.2045898438,
-0.4699707031,
1.759765625,
-0.0209960938,
0.3022460938,
0.3696289062,
-1.09765625,
-0.3828125,
-0.0516967773,
0.2283935547,
0.4279785156,
-0.4846191406,
-0.1635742188,
-0.8500976562,
-0.8334960938,
-0.1400146484,
0.2298583984,
-1.1484375,
0.1994628906,
0.1164550781,
-0.0258483887,
0.1762695312,
0.3410644531,
-0.4616699219,
-0.6572265625,
-1.09375,
-0.4196777344,
0.3229980469,
0.7338867188,
0.9604492188,
0.5283203125,
-0.9111328125,
0.1118164062,
-0.5302734375,
1.3876953125,
0.2646484375,
0.3830566406,
1.1162109375,
0.2180175781,
0.0975952148,
0.4731445312,
-0.0727539062,
-0.6137695312,
1.0283203125,
0.4321289062,
0.0339355469,
-0.2841796875,
-0.4870605469,
0.1456298828,
-0.1843261719,
0.0526123047,
-0.5893554688,
-0.2354736328,
0.5649414062,
0.0877685547,
0.9301757812,
-0.0336608887,
-1.1015625,
-0.578125,
-1.2646484375,
0.6040039062,
-0.3322753906,
0.6083984375,
0.529296875,
-1.009765625,
-0.6596679688,
-0.3903808594,
-0.5849609375,
0.3999023438,
0.5727539062,
-0.7802734375,
0.5151367188,
-0.7958984375,
-1.119140625,
-0.0135879517,
0.3061523438,
0.3247070312,
-0.98046875,
-0.9213867188,
-0.6025390625,
-0.5581054688,
-0.0696411133,
-0.1378173828,
0.5346679688,
1.00390625,
0.1045532227,
-1.2255859375,
-0.9008789062,
-0.3049316406,
0.2030029297,
0.2919921875,
-0.1768798828,
1.4404296875,
0.1281738281,
1.103515625,
-0.3352050781,
0.0877075195,
1.107421875,
-0.3364257812,
0.5639648438,
0.5776367188,
-0.0087127686,
0.1225585938,
0.1302490234,
0.6201171875,
0.6958007812,
-0.6572265625,
-0.5610351562,
0.0985107422,
-2.212890625,
0.4526367188,
-0.669921875,
0.2230224609,
-0.0568237305,
0.5747070312,
-0.5087890625,
0.2922363281,
0.3757324219,
0.0270996094,
-1.033203125,
-0.0296173096,
0.0570983887,
-0.3229980469,
0.1658935547,
-0.0682983398,
0.1937255859,
-0.2163085938,
1.845703125,
-0.1149902344,
1.0185546875,
0.4653320312,
-0.1149902344,
0.6616210938,
-0.748046875,
-0.0261993408,
-0.0780639648,
-0.0229034424,
0.3618164062,
-0.9033203125,
0.1909179688,
0.0260009766,
-0.2993164062,
1.2783203125,
0.716796875,
-0.5205078125,
-0.5390625,
0.0661621094,
-2.271484375,
1.6611328125,
-0.1325683594,
-0.1927490234,
-0.0950927734,
-0.177734375,
-0.6875,
-0.2810058594,
-0.1453857422,
-0.2102050781,
-0.2359619141,
-0.6513671875,
0.1022338867,
1.138671875,
-1.009765625,
0.2885742188,
0.8315429688,
0.0327148438,
0.1605224609,
-0.669921875,
0.0035419464,
-0.1544189453,
0.8188476562,
0.2347412109,
0.4040527344,
0.7924804688,
0.3684082031,
0.2265625,
0.3081054688,
-0.2800292969,
0.4760742188,
0.2392578125,
-0.2037353516,
0.2741699219,
-1.02734375,
-0.4189453125,
0.1036376953,
-0.1794433594,
-1.294921875,
-0.3530273438,
0.2790527344,
0.4206542969,
-0.5009765625,
-0.0059013367,
-0.1150512695,
-0.7622070312,
-0.2313232422,
-0.3786621094,
0.2751464844,
-0.33984375,
-1.21484375,
0.0714111328,
0.5463867188,
-0.4252929688,
-0.1783447266,
0.6157226562,
0.1682128906,
-0.2218017578,
-0.035369873,
-0.2326660156,
-0.4921875,
0.3981933594,
-0.4333496094,
-0.1252441406,
0.7202148438,
0.2924804688,
0.060760498,
0.1178588867,
-0.2670898438,
-0.693359375,
0.038848877,
0.638671875,
-0.2465820312,
0.2379150391,
-0.0243988037,
-0.3359375,
0.4873046875,
-0.1555175781,
0.2117919922,
-0.7236328125,
0.880859375,
0.6103515625,
0.9008789062,
0.3630371094,
-0.3708496094,
0.578125,
0.375,
-0.6982421875,
-0.2734375,
1.625,
0.7607421875,
-0.0913085938,
-1.296875,
-0.0505065918,
0.0899658203,
-0.212890625,
-0.0299072266,
-0.3493652344,
-0.3500976562,
-0.2177734375,
-0.5405273438,
-0.4206542969,
0.4162597656,
-0.0603027344,
0.3713378906,
-0.1193847656,
0.2459716797,
0.6518554688,
-0.2203369141,
0.2958984375,
0.7431640625,
0.2526855469,
0.4760742188,
-0.4655761719,
0.6909179688,
0.5654296875,
-0.3298339844,
0.2243652344,
-0.3996582031,
0.5703125,
-0.8896484375,
0.2155761719,
0.3410644531,
-0.1597900391,
-0.4777832031,
-0.1323242188,
0.5620117188,
-0.4440917969,
0.1326904297,
-0.2475585938,
0.1263427734,
-1.6669921875,
0.0919189453,
0.0053024292,
-0.337890625,
-0.193359375,
0.2854003906,
0.1479492188,
0.0977172852,
0.478515625,
-0.4506835938,
-0.1420898438,
-0.2690429688,
0.3083496094,
0.5068359375,
-0.1385498047,
-0.8374023438,
-0.2758789062,
0.5908203125,
0.5688476562,
-0.2232666016,
-0.4299316406,
0.7309570312,
0.296875,
0.7319335938,
0.2163085938,
0.1462402344,
0.2932128906,
-1.7333984375,
-0.2763671875,
0.6176757812,
0.3344726562,
-0.1721191406,
0.4660644531,
-0.2058105469,
0.1417236328,
0.1252441406,
0.255859375,
-0.6499023438,
-0.0514831543,
-0.4895019531,
-0.7690429688,
-0.8999023438,
-0.7099609375,
1.298828125,
-0.41796875,
0.7290039062,
0.125,
-0.2429199219,
-0.4213867188,
0.603515625,
-0.2069091797,
-0.1798095703,
0.0352478027,
-0.1012573242,
-0.0217285156,
0.5107421875,
1.005859375,
0.1194458008,
0.54296875,
-0.3276367188,
0.3583984375,
-0.45703125,
0.1458740234,
-0.3286132812,
-0.3562011719,
-0.2700195312,
-0.3024902344,
-0.3203125,
0.2083740234,
-1.283203125,
-0.3850097656,
-0.283203125,
0.513671875,
-0.2165527344,
-1.271484375,
0.146484375,
0.1623535156,
-0.0408630371,
-0.0918579102,
-0.0325622559,
0.5366210938,
-0.0642700195,
0.1391601562,
-0.7817382812,
0.33203125,
-0.2866210938,
-1.0810546875,
0.0172271729,
-0.4716796875,
-0.3610839844,
-0.3708496094,
-0.4445800781,
0.4865722656,
0.1497802734,
0.6118164062,
-0.1793212891,
-0.0391540527,
0.4299316406,
0.3481445312,
-0.1685791016,
-0.376953125,
-0.0048141479,
-0.3852539062,
-0.830078125,
1.5732421875,
0.5366210938,
0.2250976562,
-0.37890625,
-0.2712402344,
0.062286377,
0.2139892578,
0.048614502,
-0.4633789062,
0.1260986328,
-0.6274414062,
-0.3354492188,
0.45703125,
0.1640625,
0.4306640625,
-0.0805664062,
0.1691894531,
0.4699707031,
-1.6474609375,
-0.2249755859,
0.0987548828,
-0.6704101562,
0.3952636719,
0.4038085938,
0.2198486328,
0.2290039062,
0.2846679688,
0.1693115234,
-0.7211914062,
-0.9057617188,
0.1054077148,
-0.8090820312,
-0.8256835938,
0.1444091797,
0.0493774414,
-0.8095703125,
-0.7470703125,
0.1627197266,
0.8720703125,
0.677734375,
0.30859375,
-0.2316894531,
0.1356201172,
0.3796386719,
-0.0094146729,
-0.8002929688,
-0.0470275879,
0.8237304688,
-0.53125,
-0.7700195312,
-14.109375,
-0.2756347656,
0.7255859375,
-0.0353393555,
-1.6806640625,
0.3818359375,
1.7236328125,
-0.4362792969,
-0.1105957031,
-0.3498535156,
-0.7709960938,
1.1103515625,
-1.001953125,
-0.748046875,
0.138671875,
-0.2602539062,
-1.607421875,
-1.3642578125,
-0.1683349609,
-0.1328125,
-0.0661621094,
1.0615234375,
-0.4135742188,
-0.2917480469,
0.9614257812,
-0.2259521484,
0.376953125,
-0.1845703125,
-0.2027587891,
-0.4719238281,
-0.1076660156,
-0.3654785156,
-0.4167480469,
0.9868164062,
-0.2536621094,
0.6591796875,
0.1162109375,
0.1056518555,
0.8955078125,
0.1635742188,
-0.0380859375,
0.5395507812,
-0.6865234375,
1.17578125,
-0.0414123535,
0.01171875,
0.7397460938,
-0.3671875,
-0.0262145996,
-0.5400390625,
-0.54296875,
1.58203125,
0.7690429688,
0.3957519531,
-0.5439453125,
0.3759765625,
-1.646484375,
0.1643066406,
-0.677734375,
-0.2075195312,
-0.1569824219,
0.2431640625,
-0.244140625,
0.326171875,
-0.7114257812,
-0.9506835938,
-0.0276489258,
-1.0751953125,
0.1535644531,
-0.2963867188,
0.0114135742,
-0.6240234375,
0.43359375,
-0.8217773438,
0.3383789062,
0.2125244141,
-0.4353027344,
-0.8198242188,
-0.7939453125,
-0.2347412109,
-0.3432617188,
-1.2744140625
] |
Avicenna's psychology and theory of knowledge influenced William of Auvergne, Bishop of Paris and Albertus Magnus, while his metaphysics influenced the thought of Thomas Aquinas. Metaphysical doctrine
Early Islamic philosophy and Islamic metaphysics, imbued as it is with Islamic theology, distinguishes more clearly than Aristotelianism between essence and existence. Whereas existence is the domain of the contingent and the accidental, essence endures within a being beyond the accidental. The philosophy of Avicenna, particularly that part relating to metaphysics, owes much to al-Farabi. The search for a definitive Islamic philosophy separate from Occasionalism can be seen in what is left of his work. Following al-Farabi's lead, Avicenna initiated a full-fledged inquiry into the question of being, in which he distinguished between essence (Mahiat) and existence (Wujud). He argued that the fact of existence cannot be inferred from or accounted for by the essence of existing things, and that form and matter by themselves cannot interact and originate the movement of the universe or the progressive actualization of existing things. Existence must, therefore, be due to an agent-cause that necessitates, imparts, gives, or adds existence to an essence. To do so, the cause must be an existing thing and coexist with its effect. Avicenna's consideration of the essence-attributes question may be elucidated in terms of his ontological analysis of the modalities of being; namely impossibility, contingency and necessity. Avicenna argued that the impossible being is that which cannot exist, while the contingent in itself (mumkin bi-dhatihi) has the potentiality to be or not to be without entailing a contradiction. | [
0.2709960938,
-0.65625,
0.28515625,
-0.5732421875,
-0.705078125,
0.3303222656,
0.1005859375,
0.30078125,
-0.78515625,
0.2312011719,
-0.2196044922,
-0.0297393799,
-0.1320800781,
-0.3286132812,
0.9731445312,
-0.1673583984,
-0.0496826172,
-0.1172485352,
0.2260742188,
0.4384765625,
-0.3098144531,
-0.7895507812,
0.1447753906,
-1.0224609375,
-0.1711425781,
-0.5444335938,
-0.4653320312,
0.1932373047,
0.2858886719,
0.4150390625,
0.5048828125,
0.5415039062,
0.2364501953,
-0.9223632812,
0.4521484375,
0.1507568359,
0.591796875,
-1.0048828125,
-0.5122070312,
0.2049560547,
-0.548828125,
-0.4931640625,
-1.55078125,
-0.0759887695,
0.3493652344,
0.3508300781,
-0.5693359375,
-0.3237304688,
-0.580078125,
-0.3957519531,
-0.6215820312,
-0.087890625,
0.1256103516,
-0.5615234375,
0.4704589844,
0.1708984375,
0.6831054688,
-0.6748046875,
-0.7084960938,
-0.8530273438,
-0.0795898438,
-0.8061523438,
0.7749023438,
-0.84765625,
0.9125976562,
-0.1516113281,
-0.6401367188,
-0.18359375,
0.5673828125,
0.1374511719,
-0.74609375,
-0.0121231079,
-0.7397460938,
0.8071289062,
-0.3413085938,
-0.1216430664,
0.5551757812,
0.1739501953,
-0.1612548828,
0.1086425781,
-0.5405273438,
-1.7822265625,
-0.5078125,
-0.8618164062,
0.1708984375,
1.5810546875,
0.8784179688,
-0.0580444336,
-0.3786621094,
0.7421875,
0.5961914062,
-0.57421875,
0.1921386719,
0.0354919434,
0.2766113281,
0.095703125,
0.0186920166,
-0.2973632812,
-0.8793945312,
-0.6547851562,
-0.3491210938,
-1.3984375,
0.6171875,
0.0378723145,
-0.5278320312,
0.8369140625,
-0.7602539062,
-0.3718261719,
0.4809570312,
0.4030761719,
0.3596191406,
-0.7099609375,
-0.0106887817,
0.0102615356,
0.3146972656,
-0.7734375,
-0.2761230469,
-0.2900390625,
0.2612304688,
-0.4794921875,
-1.0947265625,
0.951171875,
-0.2083740234,
-0.2124023438,
0.8657226562,
0.1456298828,
-0.3896484375,
0.5405273438,
-0.5668945312,
-0.0881958008,
-0.3693847656,
0.3820800781,
0.1337890625,
-0.4345703125,
-0.4995117188,
-0.7939453125,
0.2646484375,
0.2243652344,
0.5532226562,
0.302734375,
-0.5639648438,
0.7573242188,
-0.9418945312,
0.5698242188,
-0.2181396484,
-0.41796875,
0.6206054688,
0.9853515625,
-0.1939697266,
-0.3334960938,
1.009765625,
0.0062446594,
0.9853515625,
-0.4116210938,
0.7016601562,
0.1583251953,
0.0628051758,
-0.0684204102,
-1.26953125,
-0.0033130646,
-0.2963867188,
0.0191802979,
-0.4228515625,
0.30078125,
-0.97265625,
0.5356445312,
-0.7397460938,
-0.2524414062,
1.185546875,
0.1555175781,
-0.5825195312,
0.0897827148,
-0.2775878906,
-0.46484375,
1.017578125,
-0.4262695312,
0.0281524658,
0.3686523438,
-0.2265625,
-0.4379882812,
1.44140625,
-1.125,
0.3146972656,
-0.0910644531,
0.4892578125,
-0.1989746094,
-0.1619873047,
-0.1693115234,
-0.5161132812,
-0.1518554688,
-0.5317382812,
0.1580810547,
-0.0222167969,
-0.6713867188,
-1.375,
-0.9248046875,
-0.78125,
0.4389648438,
-0.2780761719,
-0.4016113281,
0.1860351562,
0.9965820312,
0.0390625,
0.166015625,
0.0374755859,
-0.1887207031,
0.2890625,
0.0783691406,
-0.2553710938,
-1.041015625,
-0.9106445312,
0.6557617188,
-0.3833007812,
0.2783203125,
-0.0946044922,
0.2437744141,
0.1195678711,
0.2687988281,
0.9389648438,
-0.6860351562,
-0.4545898438,
-0.1307373047,
-1.2412109375,
0.0413208008,
-1.2841796875,
0.82421875,
-1.0927734375,
0.8344726562,
1.0419921875,
1.0859375,
-0.1352539062,
-0.6333007812,
-1.0732421875,
0.1083984375,
-0.0079574585,
0.2110595703,
0.4814453125,
-0.685546875,
0.2692871094,
0.6245117188,
0.9848632812,
-0.3146972656,
0.1842041016,
-1.2353515625,
-0.2946777344,
-0.0961303711,
0.5830078125,
0.9775390625,
0.2260742188,
-0.3264160156,
0.9077148438,
0.7841796875,
0.4094238281,
0.6538085938,
-0.0280456543,
-0.951171875,
-0.1468505859,
0.5317382812,
0.1442871094,
0.5673828125,
-0.3884277344,
-0.4575195312,
1.474609375,
-0.8618164062,
-0.1551513672,
-0.4382324219,
-0.3249511719,
-0.630859375,
1.0107421875,
0.5209960938,
0.2185058594,
-0.4699707031,
0.2873535156,
-0.4426269531,
1.1474609375,
0.6215820312,
0.1687011719,
-0.3354492188,
0.1988525391,
-0.6108398438,
-0.3569335938,
-0.6005859375,
0.9653320312,
-0.7827148438,
0.3466796875,
-0.4052734375,
0.533203125,
0.7568359375,
0.0541992188,
-0.0776367188,
-0.043762207,
0.0528869629,
-1.19140625,
0.2749023438,
0.8315429688,
0.5576171875,
0.2037353516,
0.8657226562,
0.0861816406,
-0.1279296875,
1.37109375,
0.7524414062,
0.0802001953,
0.71875,
0.0277557373,
0.2666015625,
-0.2171630859,
1.109375,
0.396484375,
-0.4135742188,
0.1424560547,
-0.3947753906,
-0.0055084229,
-0.5068359375,
-0.04296875,
0.0097579956,
-0.7700195312,
0.2033691406,
0.1166992188,
0.0982055664,
-0.1072998047,
-0.486328125,
-0.6015625,
0.0509338379,
-0.2705078125,
0.0484924316,
-0.0168304443,
-0.1270751953,
1.419921875,
-0.287109375,
-0.0974121094,
0.4865722656,
-0.3081054688,
0.5703125,
0.361328125,
0.810546875,
0.1842041016,
1.056640625,
-1.2099609375,
0.0473632812,
0.9018554688,
0.8852539062,
-0.0104904175,
0.1948242188,
-0.0853271484,
0.7451171875,
-0.9423828125,
0.4240722656,
1.16015625,
0.1427001953,
0.8881835938,
0.1182250977,
-0.8217773438,
0.2846679688,
0.3889160156,
0.7241210938,
-0.3154296875,
0.0097961426,
0.474609375,
1.2734375,
-0.3200683594,
-0.1466064453,
-1.0234375,
-0.0899658203,
-0.029296875,
0.2109375,
0.3278808594,
0.3422851562,
0.1785888672,
-0.4770507812,
1.177734375,
-0.677734375,
-0.5458984375,
-0.251953125,
0.3793945312,
-0.6328125,
-1.287109375,
0.4750976562,
-0.2117919922,
-0.4641113281,
-0.0755615234,
-0.3872070312,
-0.6435546875,
-0.5434570312,
0.1809082031,
-0.177734375,
-0.7294921875,
0.3486328125,
-0.5590820312,
-0.0739135742,
0.3249511719,
0.4184570312,
-0.720703125,
0.318359375,
0.2161865234,
0.2349853516,
0.0171356201,
-0.4899902344,
0.3103027344,
0.8935546875,
0.76953125,
-0.0960693359,
0.0086975098,
-0.0423583984,
0.8193359375,
-0.9599609375,
1.8525390625,
-0.3435058594,
0.2834472656,
-0.2609863281,
-0.0770874023,
-0.6088867188,
-0.3093261719,
0.36328125,
-0.3530273438,
-0.2065429688,
-0.3059082031,
0.5991210938,
0.6108398438,
0.3347167969,
0.0152130127,
-0.3198242188,
-0.1544189453,
-0.1983642578,
0.3957519531,
0.4929199219,
0.3647460938,
0.1751708984,
0.0729370117,
-0.5454101562,
-0.1362304688,
-0.046875,
0.0279693604,
0.423828125,
0.5541992188,
0.4189453125,
0.0452575684,
-0.90234375,
0.2453613281,
-0.0780029297,
-0.0880126953,
0.8154296875,
-0.4177246094,
1.501953125,
0.5400390625,
-0.2531738281,
0.0221862793,
-1.3916015625,
0.1165161133,
-0.4108886719,
-0.1337890625,
0.0141143799,
2.001953125,
0.5395507812,
0.6064453125,
0.6674804688,
0.9443359375,
-0.5971679688,
0.1296386719,
0.7788085938,
0.1958007812,
0.3376464844,
-0.4641113281,
0.1923828125,
-0.5688476562,
-1.3154296875,
-0.8198242188,
0.0952148438,
-0.962890625,
-0.3493652344,
-0.9267578125,
-0.6279296875,
-0.0335388184,
-0.24609375,
-0.3264160156,
0.0404663086,
1.0888671875,
1.375,
0.5717773438,
0.1920166016,
0.0182189941,
0.2307128906,
-0.0133895874,
-0.0617370605,
0.6298828125,
0.4431152344,
0.3864746094,
-0.599609375,
0.5068359375,
-1.6923828125,
-0.0805664062,
0.0101547241,
-0.7705078125,
-0.4323730469,
-0.9521484375,
-0.2247314453,
-0.3994140625,
0.0567321777,
-0.7973632812,
0.1051025391,
-1.0478515625,
-0.220703125,
0.5537109375,
-0.0561523438,
-0.1368408203,
0.6860351562,
-0.1102905273,
-0.298828125,
0.3818359375,
0.5791015625,
0.5439453125,
-0.2692871094,
1.955078125,
0.0290985107,
0.3076171875,
0.0905151367,
-0.8100585938,
-0.5249023438,
-0.039276123,
1.0771484375,
-0.0306091309,
-0.6508789062,
-0.6171875,
-1.076171875,
-0.2407226562,
-0.533203125,
-0.1700439453,
-0.9672851562,
0.2067871094,
-0.6362304688,
0.845703125,
0.0105819702,
-0.1071777344,
-0.8271484375,
-0.4338378906,
-0.9599609375,
-0.5502929688,
1.2021484375,
0.1086425781,
1.484375,
0.0837402344,
-0.5771484375,
-0.0403442383,
-0.0344848633,
1.6845703125,
0.0712280273,
0.6762695312,
1.8955078125,
0.669921875,
0.71875,
0.5107421875,
0.2473144531,
-0.0437927246,
0.1638183594,
-0.6899414062,
0.011177063,
-0.0085220337,
-0.3647460938,
-0.0601806641,
0.08203125,
0.3881835938,
0.4611816406,
0.8369140625,
0.1392822266,
-0.1440429688,
1.8232421875,
0.0519104004,
-1.2880859375,
-0.701171875,
-0.3327636719,
0.5434570312,
-0.548828125,
0.7592773438,
0.6352539062,
-0.5268554688,
-0.6713867188,
0.3029785156,
-0.4079589844,
0.8310546875,
0.1834716797,
-0.3347167969,
0.6806640625,
-0.4128417969,
-1.2265625,
-0.2834472656,
0.2895507812,
0.4890136719,
-0.7817382812,
-0.1430664062,
-1.1474609375,
0.2448730469,
-0.935546875,
0.0210571289,
-0.0842895508,
0.8486328125,
0.0181274414,
-2.52734375,
-0.8881835938,
0.0252380371,
-0.251953125,
-0.1159667969,
-0.6264648438,
1.6826171875,
0.626953125,
1.0556640625,
-0.2200927734,
-0.0775756836,
0.7392578125,
-0.0914916992,
0.2751464844,
-0.2924804688,
0.0769042969,
0.0278778076,
0.564453125,
0.1906738281,
0.5415039062,
-0.169921875,
-0.2154541016,
-0.642578125,
-1.01953125,
0.0248718262,
0.075378418,
0.5932617188,
-0.3698730469,
0.1588134766,
-0.5625,
-0.1361083984,
-0.4455566406,
-0.1994628906,
-1.1337890625,
-0.0319519043,
-0.7509765625,
0.501953125,
1.0341796875,
-0.5419921875,
1.017578125,
-0.2336425781,
1.9150390625,
0.1171875,
0.9838867188,
-0.0323791504,
0.2658691406,
0.0859985352,
-0.4663085938,
0.4272460938,
-0.8037109375,
-0.1704101562,
0.0823364258,
-0.9345703125,
0.1309814453,
-0.2435302734,
0.1706542969,
0.7963867188,
0.4538574219,
-1.3046875,
-0.8842773438,
-0.5703125,
-1.72265625,
1.05859375,
0.021484375,
-0.0823364258,
-0.4875488281,
-0.1236572266,
-0.6137695312,
-0.3522949219,
0.4255371094,
-0.1364746094,
0.0406494141,
-0.3891601562,
0.0157928467,
0.5390625,
-1.169921875,
-0.2585449219,
1.064453125,
-0.0780639648,
-0.119140625,
-0.3330078125,
0.5532226562,
0.634765625,
1.115234375,
0.1146850586,
0.1231079102,
0.1508789062,
0.984375,
-0.7958984375,
-0.0331115723,
-0.1304931641,
-0.0686645508,
0.7802734375,
-0.5083007812,
-0.0107040405,
-0.8510742188,
-0.4665527344,
-0.4887695312,
-0.6616210938,
-0.5415039062,
-0.3732910156,
0.5903320312,
0.1039428711,
0.1506347656,
1.2490234375,
1.04296875,
-0.8798828125,
-0.83203125,
0.2026367188,
-0.0187225342,
-0.4497070312,
-0.4262695312,
0.9047851562,
-0.2651367188,
-0.3879394531,
-0.0033187866,
0.7817382812,
0.0925292969,
-0.0071868896,
1.1240234375,
-0.4794921875,
-0.2905273438,
0.1212158203,
0.2375488281,
0.1512451172,
0.5146484375,
-0.2126464844,
-0.2700195312,
0.3225097656,
-1.5634765625,
-0.5932617188,
0.0382385254,
0.3737792969,
-0.3518066406,
0.033203125,
0.2717285156,
-0.2397460938,
0.0369873047,
-0.0340881348,
0.7485351562,
0.1522216797,
0.3540039062,
0.091796875,
0.5541992188,
0.6357421875,
-0.3718261719,
-0.0839233398,
0.4250488281,
-0.7109375,
0.1652832031,
0.8676757812,
-0.1341552734,
-0.2142333984,
-0.8447265625,
-0.9575195312,
0.3251953125,
-0.0092391968,
0.39453125,
-0.5380859375,
-0.5537109375,
-0.361328125,
-0.271484375,
-0.2463378906,
0.7543945312,
0.2315673828,
0.3056640625,
0.0770263672,
0.3559570312,
0.1721191406,
0.2150878906,
-0.0821533203,
0.8901367188,
0.3615722656,
0.8173828125,
-0.4362792969,
0.3684082031,
0.4519042969,
-0.3737792969,
-0.0119857788,
-0.1031494141,
-0.3188476562,
-0.380859375,
0.0393371582,
0.0305938721,
-0.0057563782,
-0.4052734375,
-0.2283935547,
0.4616699219,
-0.25390625,
-0.560546875,
-0.0266723633,
0.7290039062,
-1.3486328125,
0.6220703125,
0.5610351562,
0.0025501251,
0.5122070312,
0.2585449219,
-0.3955078125,
0.0195159912,
-0.2314453125,
-0.3588867188,
-0.0071716309,
-0.1629638672,
0.673828125,
0.1809082031,
-0.6010742188,
-0.2573242188,
-0.3718261719,
0.4619140625,
0.865234375,
-0.9116210938,
-0.3059082031,
0.5776367188,
0.1545410156,
0.587890625,
-0.1212768555,
0.5874023438,
0.423828125,
-1.41015625,
-0.0262908936,
0.5283203125,
0.2639160156,
0.6743164062,
1.1552734375,
0.0485534668,
0.2612304688,
0.3186035156,
-0.2384033203,
0.4758300781,
0.6357421875,
-0.2670898438,
-0.9028320312,
-0.2474365234,
-0.95703125,
1.16796875,
-0.7954101562,
0.2432861328,
0.1416015625,
-0.1086425781,
0.1298828125,
0.7260742188,
-0.8413085938,
-0.0511474609,
0.2927246094,
-0.0254058838,
-0.3344726562,
0.728515625,
-0.0034389496,
0.1640625,
0.3649902344,
-0.271484375,
0.0038032532,
-0.1871337891,
0.0737915039,
-0.697265625,
0.0417785645,
0.0121459961,
-1.0771484375,
-0.9399414062,
-0.0859375,
-1.3037109375,
-0.2308349609,
-0.5395507812,
0.2117919922,
0.2795410156,
-1.0830078125,
-0.7001953125,
-0.0933227539,
-0.6860351562,
0.1733398438,
-0.0751342773,
0.4406738281,
-1.0302734375,
0.5161132812,
-0.2907714844,
0.2270507812,
0.0526733398,
-0.5961914062,
-0.0692138672,
-0.9306640625,
-0.8002929688,
-0.5190429688,
-0.1155395508,
0.1585693359,
0.0832519531,
-0.7578125,
0.3347167969,
-0.2937011719,
-0.2326660156,
-0.0738525391,
-0.0800170898,
-1.109375,
0.5107421875,
-0.5346679688,
-0.72265625,
1.33984375,
-0.0830078125,
0.0397033691,
-0.0466918945,
-0.1232910156,
-0.0950927734,
0.1770019531,
0.0936889648,
-0.6420898438,
-0.1138305664,
-0.2983398438,
0.44140625,
-0.2482910156,
0.3630371094,
0.4946289062,
-0.2147216797,
-0.1165771484,
0.7290039062,
-1.521484375,
-0.1296386719,
-0.61328125,
-0.3071289062,
-0.0844726562,
0.5791015625,
0.7182617188,
0.5288085938,
-0.2302246094,
-0.0248413086,
-0.3625488281,
-1.2744140625,
0.259765625,
-0.2496337891,
-0.7153320312,
0.3527832031,
-0.4990234375,
0.4375,
0.0855712891,
0.6767578125,
1.150390625,
0.9956054688,
-0.2482910156,
-0.4975585938,
0.2778320312,
1.1591796875,
-0.146484375,
-1.1552734375,
0.337890625,
0.6870117188,
-0.7534179688,
-1.5341796875,
-13.6171875,
-1.2939453125,
0.4858398438,
-0.8569335938,
-1.798828125,
-0.1090698242,
0.7856445312,
-0.3376464844,
-0.5478515625,
-0.1547851562,
-0.3735351562,
0.5268554688,
-0.7255859375,
-0.5048828125,
-0.1728515625,
-0.7895507812,
-1.2138671875,
-0.44140625,
0.4318847656,
-0.2944335938,
0.6333007812,
0.6323242188,
-0.6215820312,
0.3420410156,
0.1707763672,
0.1684570312,
0.4807128906,
-0.6323242188,
0.4318847656,
0.0665893555,
0.1085205078,
0.94140625,
-1.361328125,
0.7529296875,
-0.244140625,
1.04296875,
-0.2401123047,
0.1430664062,
0.5185546875,
-0.4157714844,
0.2215576172,
0.5258789062,
-0.7001953125,
0.8959960938,
-0.6274414062,
-0.1868896484,
0.69921875,
-0.07421875,
-0.4482421875,
0.0920410156,
-0.2561035156,
1.15625,
0.7446289062,
0.3684082031,
-1.0478515625,
-0.2783203125,
-1.9345703125,
0.0528564453,
-0.1403808594,
0.66796875,
-0.578125,
-0.6669921875,
0.4187011719,
0.3317871094,
-1.1328125,
-0.7358398438,
-0.412109375,
-0.4865722656,
-0.375,
-0.1560058594,
0.1030883789,
-0.876953125,
0.6513671875,
-0.8413085938,
0.4052734375,
0.580078125,
-0.5444335938,
-1.322265625,
-0.4208984375,
-0.3566894531,
-0.5551757812,
-0.794921875
] |
When actualized, the contingent becomes a 'necessary existent due to what is other than itself' (wajib al-wujud bi-ghayrihi). Thus, contingency-in-itself is potential beingness that could eventually be actualized by an external cause other than itself. The metaphysical structures of necessity and contingency are different. Necessary being due to itself (wajib al-wujud bi-dhatihi) is true in itself, while the contingent being is 'false in itself' and 'true due to something else other than itself'. The necessary is the source of its own being without borrowed existence. It is what always exists. The Necessary exists 'due-to-Its-Self', and has no quiddity/essence (mahiyya) other than existence (wujud). Furthermore, It is 'One' (wahid ahad) since there cannot be more than one 'Necessary-Existent-due-to-Itself' without differentia (fasl) to distinguish them from each other. Yet, to require differentia entails that they exist 'due-to-themselves' as well as 'due to what is other than themselves'; and this is contradictory. However, if no differentia distinguishes them from each other, then there is no sense in which these 'Existents' are not one and the same. Avicenna adds that the 'Necessary-Existent-due-to-Itself' has no genus (jins), nor a definition (hadd), nor a counterpart (nadd), nor an opposite (did), and is detached (bari) from matter (madda), quality (kayf), quantity (kam), place (ayn), situation (wad) and time (waqt). | [
0.1831054688,
-0.2546386719,
-0.1597900391,
0.318359375,
-1.240234375,
-0.2541503906,
0.5805664062,
0.4379882812,
-1.126953125,
0.1092529297,
0.0880126953,
-0.4497070312,
-0.599609375,
0.349609375,
1.5859375,
0.2370605469,
-0.873046875,
0.8256835938,
0.0003597736,
0.6313476562,
0.4018554688,
-0.0483093262,
0.6958007812,
-1.2958984375,
-0.1762695312,
-0.4208984375,
-0.0660400391,
0.0077896118,
0.1689453125,
0.2783203125,
0.0249786377,
0.2578125,
-0.703125,
-0.1005249023,
0.1655273438,
-0.0491638184,
0.6030273438,
-1.35546875,
-1.1923828125,
-0.0854492188,
0.4174804688,
-0.3195800781,
-1.8935546875,
0.2749023438,
-0.1507568359,
-0.2296142578,
-0.1911621094,
-1.0302734375,
-0.2768554688,
-0.5327148438,
-0.775390625,
-0.4582519531,
0.8022460938,
-0.7216796875,
0.3740234375,
-0.1538085938,
-0.0891723633,
0.8271484375,
-0.3854980469,
-0.1715087891,
0.0290222168,
-0.732421875,
0.2578125,
-0.3798828125,
1.1240234375,
0.25390625,
-0.51953125,
0.3349609375,
0.5234375,
-0.2119140625,
0.2893066406,
-0.4177246094,
-0.9702148438,
0.4768066406,
0.5815429688,
0.6108398438,
-0.8505859375,
0.8798828125,
0.4301757812,
0.7836914062,
-0.3649902344,
-1.49609375,
-0.4992675781,
-0.8154296875,
-0.0139846802,
0.1057128906,
0.8193359375,
-0.0290374756,
0.2282714844,
0.2303466797,
-0.0519104004,
-0.4558105469,
-0.0401306152,
-0.0386657715,
0.1575927734,
-0.1036987305,
-0.2961425781,
-0.1624755859,
-0.7807617188,
-1.875,
-0.8657226562,
-1.2431640625,
0.9267578125,
0.5629882812,
-0.0343322754,
0.6850585938,
0.2419433594,
-0.58203125,
0.4645996094,
-0.0210266113,
0.7416992188,
-0.8823242188,
-0.2314453125,
-0.3916015625,
-0.0751953125,
-0.2729492188,
0.3999023438,
0.5219726562,
-0.3640136719,
0.0089874268,
-0.404296875,
-0.0096817017,
-0.3952636719,
0.0270843506,
1.1640625,
0.4921875,
0.2316894531,
0.53125,
-0.1140136719,
-0.1369628906,
-0.1314697266,
0.1162719727,
0.3461914062,
-0.3967285156,
-0.57421875,
0.2514648438,
-0.0881958008,
0.3996582031,
0.6059570312,
0.3930664062,
-0.5498046875,
0.2705078125,
-0.0338134766,
0.8774414062,
0.1224975586,
-0.5009765625,
0.3996582031,
0.7436523438,
0.1204833984,
-0.44921875,
-0.30859375,
0.6547851562,
0.3662109375,
0.2548828125,
1.0126953125,
-0.1478271484,
0.2854003906,
-0.1328125,
-0.0008983612,
0.0809326172,
-0.2595214844,
-0.6176757812,
0.1890869141,
0.1343994141,
-0.3530273438,
0.0797119141,
0.0810546875,
-0.8510742188,
1.052734375,
0.369140625,
0.0054855347,
-0.0712280273,
-1.134765625,
-0.4279785156,
0.380859375,
-0.0436706543,
-0.0974731445,
0.1887207031,
-0.521484375,
-0.5424804688,
0.2734375,
-0.8525390625,
-0.42578125,
-0.2308349609,
0.2736816406,
-0.3435058594,
-0.2154541016,
-0.1785888672,
0.0845947266,
0.2697753906,
-0.7412109375,
1.0205078125,
-0.3488769531,
-0.7026367188,
-0.6533203125,
-0.7758789062,
-0.9467773438,
0.2154541016,
0.0536499023,
-0.5034179688,
0.9428710938,
0.8149414062,
-0.0867919922,
0.9599609375,
0.2331542969,
-0.2541503906,
0.3937988281,
0.615234375,
-0.9775390625,
-0.80859375,
-0.5737304688,
1.1611328125,
-1.7177734375,
0.1958007812,
-0.1910400391,
0.1623535156,
0.509765625,
0.2751464844,
1.0927734375,
-0.849609375,
0.2359619141,
0.6108398438,
-0.5151367188,
0.0852050781,
-0.8344726562,
-0.0842895508,
-1.2197265625,
0.8286132812,
1.06640625,
0.9907226562,
0.2951660156,
-0.3278808594,
-0.8745117188,
-0.1295166016,
0.049407959,
0.1052856445,
-0.3586425781,
-0.5815429688,
-0.2349853516,
0.3269042969,
1.458984375,
-0.271484375,
-0.4943847656,
-1.4423828125,
0.3413085938,
-0.5791015625,
0.6450195312,
0.234375,
-0.6606445312,
0.171875,
-0.4536132812,
0.8129882812,
0.830078125,
-0.3046875,
-0.2585449219,
-0.3315429688,
-0.4033203125,
0.9311523438,
-0.6303710938,
0.4494628906,
-1.064453125,
-0.3205566406,
1.259765625,
-0.7055664062,
0.2526855469,
-0.4970703125,
-0.4516601562,
-0.9814453125,
0.9682617188,
-0.0591125488,
0.100402832,
-0.4797363281,
0.2583007812,
-0.8583984375,
0.5498046875,
0.3203125,
-0.3845214844,
-0.599609375,
0.9833984375,
-0.6723632812,
-0.6010742188,
-1.0009765625,
0.9814453125,
-0.1710205078,
0.9091796875,
0.1212768555,
-0.0506591797,
0.3745117188,
0.4609375,
0.0404663086,
0.2102050781,
-0.1583251953,
-0.9462890625,
1.4658203125,
0.4594726562,
0.2580566406,
0.1195678711,
0.4853515625,
0.375,
0.7377929688,
0.482421875,
-0.4150390625,
-0.3798828125,
-0.1574707031,
0.3793945312,
-0.1684570312,
-0.4372558594,
0.4370117188,
0.3706054688,
0.3635253906,
-0.1268310547,
-0.2473144531,
0.1828613281,
0.4226074219,
-0.9165039062,
0.7529296875,
0.2036132812,
-0.3684082031,
-0.185546875,
-0.1274414062,
-0.1233520508,
-0.5708007812,
-0.3146972656,
0.701171875,
0.1697998047,
0.3112792969,
-0.1811523438,
0.4018554688,
0.6474609375,
0.5600585938,
0.6743164062,
0.3942871094,
-0.9682617188,
-0.1063232422,
0.2087402344,
0.6909179688,
0.0766601562,
0.8916015625,
-1.6669921875,
-0.0599365234,
-0.2034912109,
-0.4008789062,
-0.2221679688,
0.4885253906,
-0.1800537109,
0.1479492188,
-0.88671875,
0.0456848145,
1.869140625,
-0.0645141602,
-0.4995117188,
-0.0559387207,
-0.314453125,
0.5854492188,
-0.5415039062,
-0.0872192383,
0.0137939453,
-0.3176269531,
0.1878662109,
1.044921875,
-0.0593566895,
-0.078918457,
-0.9360351562,
0.3703613281,
0.0312805176,
-0.2731933594,
-0.0773925781,
0.4011230469,
1.025390625,
-0.0768432617,
0.0467529297,
-0.6513671875,
-1.1767578125,
-0.8706054688,
0.16796875,
-1.5478515625,
-0.3020019531,
0.4760742188,
-0.9365234375,
-0.5737304688,
-0.1563720703,
-0.4497070312,
-0.4494628906,
-0.9819335938,
0.2153320312,
-0.6186523438,
-0.5854492188,
0.3442382812,
0.6694335938,
-0.4345703125,
0.0321044922,
-0.671875,
-0.8178710938,
0.1945800781,
0.0772705078,
0.578125,
-0.5776367188,
-0.5581054688,
0.546875,
1.0341796875,
0.2249755859,
-1.0634765625,
0.1231079102,
-0.1416015625,
0.7231445312,
-0.6640625,
1.0615234375,
0.5439453125,
0.1663818359,
-1.0927734375,
0.1945800781,
-0.0933227539,
-0.705078125,
0.6674804688,
0.0215759277,
0.3251953125,
-0.4260253906,
-0.1392822266,
0.7700195312,
0.0314331055,
-0.5561523438,
-0.0130157471,
1.05859375,
-0.302734375,
0.4323730469,
0.3364257812,
-0.2897949219,
1.244140625,
0.4877929688,
-0.0325927734,
-0.5166015625,
-0.7919921875,
-0.4370117188,
-0.4008789062,
0.5893554688,
0.5107421875,
-0.5092773438,
-0.6831054688,
-0.0684814453,
-0.3203125,
0.64453125,
0.6137695312,
-0.5673828125,
1.455078125,
0.2778320312,
-0.6533203125,
0.3166503906,
-0.6298828125,
-0.1948242188,
0.2431640625,
0.0679931641,
0.4899902344,
1.7041015625,
-0.4184570312,
0.5087890625,
0.3540039062,
1.2978515625,
0.2277832031,
0.1171264648,
0.1188964844,
0.3500976562,
0.3930664062,
-0.5498046875,
-0.2086181641,
-0.4792480469,
-0.4909667969,
-0.2182617188,
0.2507324219,
-1.1875,
0.2204589844,
-1.349609375,
0.4792480469,
0.9248046875,
0.2222900391,
-0.1168823242,
0.3034667969,
0.451171875,
0.6240234375,
0.5092773438,
0.2227783203,
-0.0376281738,
0.0080795288,
-0.3825683594,
-0.3098144531,
0.7392578125,
-0.1630859375,
-0.1795654297,
0.634765625,
0.0364685059,
-0.3405761719,
-0.0051269531,
-0.2517089844,
-0.1467285156,
-1.310546875,
-1.2294921875,
-0.2171630859,
-0.345703125,
-0.1351318359,
-1.1396484375,
0.2458496094,
-0.1138916016,
-1.1845703125,
0.5590820312,
-0.1248779297,
-0.30078125,
0.8989257812,
0.5439453125,
-0.1657714844,
-0.1585693359,
1.431640625,
-0.2556152344,
0.2142333984,
1.806640625,
0.0169372559,
-0.26171875,
-0.0196685791,
-1.1806640625,
-0.9326171875,
0.7094726562,
0.49609375,
-0.1489257812,
-0.814453125,
-0.9458007812,
-0.9252929688,
-0.0823364258,
0.2961425781,
-0.8237304688,
-1.0576171875,
-0.1281738281,
0.0561828613,
0.1846923828,
-0.1624755859,
0.2668457031,
-1.533203125,
-0.0067710876,
-1.4287109375,
-0.1716308594,
1.20703125,
-0.51953125,
0.6611328125,
0.4182128906,
-0.2780761719,
-0.5297851562,
-0.4155273438,
0.953125,
0.6240234375,
0.787109375,
2.025390625,
0.4948730469,
-0.4135742188,
0.2749023438,
0.5083007812,
0.810546875,
0.7407226562,
-0.2946777344,
0.541015625,
-0.8208007812,
-0.2071533203,
0.0378417969,
0.4875488281,
-0.1224975586,
0.63671875,
0.3618164062,
0.2934570312,
0.5625,
1.5126953125,
0.7451171875,
-1.2724609375,
-0.7045898438,
0.3962402344,
1.02734375,
-0.8198242188,
0.57421875,
0.8393554688,
-0.9140625,
-0.2624511719,
0.759765625,
-0.7529296875,
0.1986083984,
-0.0394287109,
0.0213775635,
-0.3146972656,
-0.4626464844,
-1.244140625,
0.4497070312,
0.8134765625,
-0.069152832,
-0.4787597656,
-0.6215820312,
-1.6875,
-0.0595092773,
0.0230560303,
0.3188476562,
0.0368041992,
0.765625,
0.0299224854,
-2.15234375,
-0.35546875,
1.2939453125,
-0.20703125,
-0.650390625,
-0.2563476562,
1.16015625,
0.724609375,
1.0869140625,
-0.3679199219,
-0.4985351562,
0.7036132812,
-0.5717773438,
0.0078887939,
0.1060791016,
-0.0437011719,
-0.3002929688,
0.1166992188,
-0.35546875,
0.1804199219,
0.6850585938,
0.3449707031,
-0.9013671875,
-0.5141601562,
-0.8891601562,
0.3957519531,
-0.0362854004,
-0.9809570312,
0.626953125,
-0.1165771484,
0.0041694641,
-0.91796875,
-1.0673828125,
-0.4052734375,
0.4765625,
-0.3786621094,
0.4946289062,
0.5947265625,
-1.34765625,
1.0322265625,
-0.3666992188,
0.501953125,
-0.2225341797,
0.5673828125,
0.0980834961,
0.0234222412,
0.3859863281,
-0.2429199219,
0.7978515625,
-0.8393554688,
-0.3388671875,
-0.0500488281,
-0.5224609375,
1.0556640625,
0.1488037109,
-0.0471496582,
0.1790771484,
-0.6171875,
-1.5654296875,
-0.1387939453,
-0.4543457031,
-1.41015625,
0.3020019531,
-0.2685546875,
-0.3000488281,
-0.421875,
-0.763671875,
-0.3686523438,
-0.5307617188,
0.6313476562,
0.0317993164,
0.4187011719,
0.6499023438,
-0.21484375,
-0.318359375,
-1.416015625,
-1.39453125,
1.7451171875,
0.2188720703,
-0.0867919922,
0.6196289062,
0.6860351562,
-0.701171875,
0.6796875,
0.1794433594,
0.1395263672,
0.0408325195,
1.806640625,
-0.4450683594,
-0.5166015625,
0.2489013672,
-0.3947753906,
-0.3369140625,
-0.1872558594,
-0.1994628906,
-0.3957519531,
-0.0369567871,
-0.1433105469,
-0.947265625,
-0.1724853516,
-0.8486328125,
-0.1442871094,
-0.73828125,
0.6284179688,
0.837890625,
0.6762695312,
-1.220703125,
-1.00390625,
0.5551757812,
0.5615234375,
-0.1826171875,
-0.3784179688,
1.154296875,
-0.79296875,
-0.744140625,
0.4995117188,
0.65625,
-0.6845703125,
-1.65234375,
1.392578125,
-0.45703125,
0.1875,
0.5688476562,
-1.123046875,
1.2578125,
0.19921875,
0.2463378906,
-0.6240234375,
0.4987792969,
-1.552734375,
-0.118347168,
-0.0667724609,
0.1644287109,
-0.2565917969,
-0.1789550781,
-0.2692871094,
-0.1934814453,
-0.5693359375,
0.1077270508,
0.3483886719,
-0.2678222656,
-0.1015625,
0.0227203369,
0.1357421875,
0.2127685547,
-0.4956054688,
0.1038818359,
-0.2780761719,
0.1643066406,
0.5810546875,
0.9794921875,
0.126953125,
-0.2587890625,
0.3269042969,
-1.7373046875,
0.4201660156,
0.0905761719,
-0.3681640625,
-0.2822265625,
-0.8403320312,
-0.5048828125,
-0.6557617188,
-0.4670410156,
0.4584960938,
0.0034370422,
0.0364990234,
0.2440185547,
0.0018692017,
0.0518188477,
-0.1453857422,
-0.1251220703,
0.9370117188,
0.4787597656,
0.173828125,
0.0192108154,
0.2257080078,
-0.3830566406,
-0.7084960938,
-0.3208007812,
-0.5610351562,
0.2225341797,
-0.0244598389,
-0.4702148438,
0.4204101562,
0.3017578125,
-0.6020507812,
-1.140625,
0.1540527344,
-0.0848388672,
-0.2440185547,
-0.5390625,
-0.1424560547,
-0.75390625,
-0.0393981934,
0.6743164062,
0.2985839844,
0.6396484375,
0.0558776855,
-0.4528808594,
0.3989257812,
0.162109375,
0.3564453125,
-0.1965332031,
0.603515625,
-0.2131347656,
-0.310546875,
-0.1440429688,
-0.4033203125,
-1.0927734375,
0.3400878906,
-0.3862304688,
0.0542297363,
-0.451171875,
-0.0421447754,
1.357421875,
0.6904296875,
0.7890625,
0.2010498047,
0.2531738281,
-0.5615234375,
0.4885253906,
0.5053710938,
-0.3312988281,
0.7607421875,
1.5771484375,
-0.2010498047,
0.3781738281,
1.4970703125,
-0.0081939697,
0.2065429688,
0.6958007812,
-0.2973632812,
-0.6201171875,
-0.5737304688,
0.0687255859,
0.5600585938,
-1.59375,
0.4663085938,
0.0409240723,
0.26171875,
0.3896484375,
0.3542480469,
-0.1611328125,
-0.1274414062,
0.5620117188,
-0.2183837891,
0.5424804688,
0.4431152344,
-0.3872070312,
-0.1063842773,
0.3757324219,
-0.1412353516,
-0.0419921875,
-0.1472167969,
0.2531738281,
0.5463867188,
0.6201171875,
-0.2810058594,
0.0770263672,
-1.1259765625,
-0.1561279297,
-0.53515625,
-0.0702514648,
-0.1922607422,
-0.0168609619,
0.6850585938,
-0.513671875,
-1.1103515625,
0.3676757812,
-0.8696289062,
-0.1279296875,
0.0841064453,
0.5205078125,
-1.1474609375,
0.2247314453,
-1.345703125,
0.1052856445,
0.2980957031,
-0.384765625,
-0.3500976562,
-1.2802734375,
0.1000976562,
-0.5541992188,
0.0071029663,
0.2941894531,
-0.1206054688,
-0.734375,
0.9956054688,
-0.3742675781,
0.2136230469,
-0.5903320312,
-0.255859375,
0.0073547363,
0.0243225098,
-0.2358398438,
-0.0951538086,
1.162109375,
0.2442626953,
-0.2149658203,
0.3171386719,
-0.010559082,
0.5043945312,
0.5600585938,
0.5551757812,
0.0499572754,
-0.3110351562,
-0.1022338867,
0.0546875,
0.0378112793,
0.61328125,
0.0364685059,
-0.2780761719,
0.4919433594,
0.7119140625,
-1.197265625,
-0.0579833984,
-0.1536865234,
-0.2766113281,
-0.9760742188,
0.7485351562,
0.6533203125,
-0.2958984375,
-1.2939453125,
0.2346191406,
0.3835449219,
-0.7290039062,
-0.0273742676,
0.654296875,
-0.1767578125,
-0.2318115234,
-0.1182250977,
1.0703125,
0.7578125,
0.8115234375,
0.2210693359,
0.4392089844,
0.4301757812,
-0.2836914062,
0.4431152344,
0.2629394531,
0.1463623047,
-0.7368164062,
0.2663574219,
0.4526367188,
0.6157226562,
-1.4267578125,
-13.0390625,
-1.720703125,
0.0678710938,
-0.2192382812,
-2.044921875,
0.1439208984,
0.5927734375,
-0.9838867188,
-0.6743164062,
1.1328125,
-0.73828125,
0.8823242188,
-0.564453125,
0.470703125,
-0.003452301,
-0.3073730469,
-1.466796875,
-0.4067382812,
1.5498046875,
-0.2722167969,
0.3278808594,
0.9467773438,
0.2529296875,
0.2449951172,
0.1547851562,
-0.3452148438,
-0.2836914062,
-0.0894775391,
0.3803710938,
-0.3032226562,
-0.3544921875,
-0.2004394531,
-0.4990234375,
0.9716796875,
-0.3442382812,
1.455078125,
-0.3881835938,
0.3654785156,
0.1634521484,
0.118347168,
0.3120117188,
1.3232421875,
-0.572265625,
0.5107421875,
-0.7744140625,
0.3759765625,
1.931640625,
-0.1512451172,
-0.2585449219,
0.0638427734,
-0.6474609375,
1.0361328125,
-0.2182617188,
-0.0856323242,
-0.0565795898,
-0.6259765625,
-0.6098632812,
-0.7021484375,
-0.505859375,
0.8354492188,
0.0952148438,
0.2614746094,
0.0581359863,
0.5126953125,
-0.3820800781,
-0.4519042969,
-1.181640625,
0.3012695312,
0.9858398438,
-0.6108398438,
-0.4262695312,
-0.576171875,
0.7587890625,
-0.9409179688,
-0.1384277344,
0.4880371094,
-1.0263671875,
-0.3408203125,
-0.1552734375,
-0.2276611328,
-0.572265625,
-0.2524414062
] |
Avicenna's theology on metaphysical issues (ilāhiyyāt) has been criticized by some Islamic scholars, among them al-Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn al-Qayyim. While discussing the views of the theists among the Greek philosophers, namely Socrates, Plato and Aristotle in Al-Munqidh min ad-Dalal ("Deliverance from Error"), al-Ghazali noted that the Greek philosophers "must be taxed with unbelief, as must their partisans among the Muslim philosophers, such as Avicenna and al-Farabi and their likes." He added that "None, however, of the Muslim philosophers engaged so much in transmitting Aristotle's lore as did the two men just mentioned. [...] The sum of what we regard as the authentic philosophy of Aristotle, as transmitted by al-Farabi and Avicenna, can be reduced to three parts: a part which must be branded as unbelief; a part which must be stigmatized as innovation; and a part which need not be repudiated at all." Argument for God's existence
Avicenna made an argument for the existence of God which would be known as the "Proof of the Truthful" (Arabic: burhan al-siddiqin). Avicenna argued that there must be a "necessary existent" (Arabic: wajib al-wujud), an entity that cannot not exist and through a series of arguments, he identified it with the Islamic conception of God. Present-day historian of philosophy Peter Adamson called this argument one of the most influential medieval arguments for God's existence, and Avicenna's biggest contribution to the history of philosophy. | [
1.029296875,
-0.2863769531,
0.2454833984,
-0.1630859375,
-0.6381835938,
1.2685546875,
0.2105712891,
0.5795898438,
-1.3759765625,
0.6049804688,
-0.8920898438,
0.0686645508,
-0.2272949219,
-0.4291992188,
0.55078125,
-0.1336669922,
-0.3110351562,
-0.7211914062,
0.6962890625,
0.79296875,
0.2205810547,
-0.6118164062,
0.3679199219,
-1.7060546875,
-0.3896484375,
-0.3557128906,
-0.2381591797,
0.2946777344,
0.1155395508,
0.3957519531,
0.9780273438,
-0.0492858887,
0.1783447266,
-0.2509765625,
-0.4333496094,
0.7377929688,
0.3486328125,
-0.8413085938,
-0.0101547241,
0.4880371094,
-0.4396972656,
0.2067871094,
-1.28515625,
-0.5400390625,
0.8706054688,
0.3325195312,
0.002073288,
-0.6088867188,
-0.3452148438,
-0.3227539062,
-0.4128417969,
-0.0272216797,
0.28515625,
-0.8100585938,
-0.2404785156,
-0.1201171875,
0.9877929688,
-1.4951171875,
-0.7119140625,
-1.2451171875,
0.1055908203,
-0.69140625,
0.6020507812,
-0.4113769531,
1.0537109375,
0.2504882812,
-0.6987304688,
-0.4382324219,
0.8564453125,
0.1724853516,
-0.9174804688,
-0.0729370117,
-0.0872802734,
0.7583007812,
-0.5166015625,
-0.3686523438,
0.3967285156,
0.3918457031,
0.2592773438,
-0.3754882812,
-0.2561035156,
-0.716796875,
-0.4428710938,
-1.1923828125,
-0.1917724609,
1.1171875,
0.5297851562,
0.3564453125,
0.1668701172,
-0.3132324219,
0.2319335938,
-0.2587890625,
-0.3940429688,
-0.1496582031,
-0.0096740723,
0.6030273438,
0.2012939453,
-0.1346435547,
-0.5942382812,
-1.0517578125,
-0.1641845703,
-0.7416992188,
0.4787597656,
-0.1280517578,
0.020324707,
0.7158203125,
-0.8837890625,
-0.4167480469,
0.2956542969,
0.3283691406,
0.6831054688,
-0.5844726562,
0.2819824219,
0.4621582031,
-0.4794921875,
-0.8984375,
-0.52734375,
-0.0570983887,
-0.4714355469,
-1.5478515625,
-0.5166015625,
0.994140625,
0.1397705078,
0.4270019531,
1.23046875,
-0.3435058594,
-1.078125,
0.5346679688,
-0.9594726562,
0.2171630859,
-0.314453125,
0.1905517578,
-0.3581542969,
0.1055297852,
-0.6962890625,
-0.556640625,
-0.0696411133,
0.1072998047,
-0.1136474609,
-0.1749267578,
0.2288818359,
0.0339355469,
-0.9887695312,
0.4592285156,
-0.1254882812,
-0.7236328125,
0.7397460938,
0.3369140625,
-1.205078125,
-0.7666015625,
0.46875,
-0.3100585938,
0.2451171875,
0.1672363281,
-0.1025390625,
0.9047851562,
0.1112060547,
-0.6508789062,
-0.4309082031,
0.057434082,
-0.1755371094,
0.3330078125,
-0.2526855469,
-0.48828125,
-0.921875,
0.662109375,
-0.8745117188,
0.1004638672,
0.408203125,
0.6494140625,
-1.5322265625,
0.2512207031,
-0.0608825684,
-0.1970214844,
1.4189453125,
-0.2036132812,
0.2062988281,
0.5336914062,
-0.7133789062,
-0.6650390625,
0.31640625,
-1.2294921875,
0.1872558594,
-0.2534179688,
0.0797119141,
0.7529296875,
0.6782226562,
-0.0418701172,
-0.267578125,
0.0398254395,
0.0692749023,
0.3737792969,
-0.5493164062,
-1.138671875,
-1.5703125,
-0.4138183594,
-0.2333984375,
0.6313476562,
-0.4250488281,
-0.8452148438,
0.26953125,
0.9497070312,
0.3686523438,
-0.3112792969,
0.1580810547,
-1.1669921875,
0.5791015625,
0.2325439453,
-0.693359375,
-1.1884765625,
-0.4340820312,
0.7651367188,
0.3005371094,
0.515625,
-0.4846191406,
0.47265625,
0.4729003906,
-0.4545898438,
0.9125976562,
-0.7133789062,
-1.1708984375,
-0.2885742188,
-0.4211425781,
0.748046875,
-1.38671875,
0.7592773438,
-1.802734375,
1.595703125,
0.830078125,
1.2607421875,
-0.7104492188,
-0.9975585938,
-1.1689453125,
-0.0658569336,
0.0745849609,
-0.1710205078,
0.6264648438,
-0.2722167969,
0.6303710938,
-0.0739135742,
0.7163085938,
-0.0880737305,
0.5708007812,
-0.85546875,
0.2846679688,
0.0985107422,
0.6044921875,
1.38671875,
0.3571777344,
0.0654907227,
1.2412109375,
0.861328125,
-0.2924804688,
0.1479492188,
0.0884399414,
-0.2064208984,
-0.3352050781,
1.0556640625,
-0.78125,
0.8623046875,
-0.2734375,
0.314453125,
1.5068359375,
-0.59375,
-0.1932373047,
0.2631835938,
-1.0244140625,
-0.7270507812,
0.8833007812,
0.6967773438,
0.5771484375,
0.23828125,
-0.5961914062,
-0.3732910156,
1.091796875,
0.2509765625,
-0.3737792969,
-0.4963378906,
-0.2259521484,
-0.6240234375,
0.3532714844,
-0.0406188965,
1.2734375,
-0.9477539062,
0.3369140625,
-0.0938110352,
0.5083007812,
0.6943359375,
-0.1678466797,
-0.0284423828,
-0.5483398438,
0.3610839844,
-1.1142578125,
-0.4028320312,
-0.1085205078,
0.4709472656,
-0.3923339844,
0.4865722656,
-0.1457519531,
0.118347168,
0.5493164062,
0.9008789062,
-0.0406188965,
0.439453125,
1.0146484375,
0.525390625,
-0.4985351562,
1.037109375,
0.763671875,
-0.0542602539,
0.1384277344,
-0.7524414062,
-0.4064941406,
-0.5395507812,
0.2458496094,
0.3254394531,
-0.9897460938,
0.6240234375,
0.5346679688,
0.4760742188,
-0.4177246094,
-0.2641601562,
-0.2202148438,
-0.1385498047,
-0.3637695312,
-0.058807373,
0.30078125,
-0.7954101562,
1.2421875,
0.2502441406,
-0.5112304688,
-0.1172485352,
-0.5864257812,
0.9497070312,
0.9956054688,
1.208984375,
-0.065612793,
0.63671875,
-1.3896484375,
-0.1636962891,
0.310546875,
0.86328125,
-0.5283203125,
0.4516601562,
0.1811523438,
0.002407074,
-0.671875,
-0.4584960938,
0.6430664062,
-0.158203125,
0.8530273438,
-0.3002929688,
-0.4084472656,
0.2653808594,
0.5717773438,
0.7358398438,
-0.4074707031,
-0.2185058594,
0.5078125,
0.9711914062,
-0.5703125,
-0.1950683594,
0.33984375,
0.4528808594,
-0.029510498,
-0.3857421875,
0.088684082,
0.2463378906,
0.466796875,
0.2347412109,
0.79296875,
0.26953125,
-0.9233398438,
0.0765991211,
-0.1364746094,
-0.7124023438,
-0.4770507812,
1.21875,
0.3759765625,
-0.1884765625,
0.146484375,
-0.8588867188,
-1.3349609375,
-0.0985107422,
0.3146972656,
-0.1080322266,
-0.2054443359,
0.0881958008,
-0.7192382812,
0.4956054688,
-0.1677246094,
0.6025390625,
-0.1213989258,
0.1859130859,
0.0802001953,
-0.1252441406,
0.2219238281,
-1.08984375,
0.474609375,
-0.1846923828,
0.3825683594,
0.0286407471,
0.0628662109,
0.2286376953,
0.494140625,
0.0978393555,
1.74609375,
0.1442871094,
0.5366210938,
0.1173706055,
0.0444641113,
-0.6381835938,
-0.2585449219,
0.619140625,
-0.1549072266,
0.0811157227,
-0.4174804688,
0.3317871094,
0.5092773438,
0.9389648438,
-0.263671875,
-0.4567871094,
-0.3459472656,
0.5844726562,
0.1694335938,
0.8720703125,
0.2280273438,
-0.4975585938,
0.1333007812,
-0.7504882812,
-0.982421875,
0.2482910156,
0.2658691406,
0.0228729248,
1.17578125,
-0.2854003906,
0.8891601562,
-0.8051757812,
0.0438232422,
-0.30859375,
0.4018554688,
0.2810058594,
-0.283203125,
1.8330078125,
0.7119140625,
-0.1061401367,
0.3903808594,
-1.4091796875,
-0.1495361328,
0.3352050781,
-0.1403808594,
0.3203125,
1.6455078125,
0.3015136719,
0.8310546875,
0.3093261719,
0.2741699219,
-0.6157226562,
-0.486328125,
0.740234375,
0.7172851562,
-0.2239990234,
-0.6801757812,
-0.58203125,
0.0321960449,
-0.85546875,
-0.7885742188,
0.0394897461,
-0.5737304688,
-0.3854980469,
-0.7377929688,
-0.3395996094,
-0.0573425293,
-0.1857910156,
-0.8745117188,
-0.1411132812,
0.9560546875,
1.1484375,
0.1632080078,
0.5366210938,
0.2810058594,
0.5166015625,
-0.0140380859,
-0.6118164062,
1.2158203125,
-0.0749511719,
-0.1185913086,
-0.4797363281,
-0.4619140625,
-1.0439453125,
-0.5385742188,
0.9169921875,
-0.6293945312,
-0.4555664062,
0.2321777344,
0.7153320312,
-0.3708496094,
-0.0066795349,
-0.6801757812,
0.3603515625,
-0.4035644531,
0.0848388672,
-0.0756225586,
-0.443359375,
-0.3391113281,
0.857421875,
-0.623046875,
-0.1033325195,
0.3244628906,
0.0307006836,
0.0703735352,
-0.4406738281,
2.244140625,
-0.4987792969,
0.3801269531,
0.1580810547,
-0.4033203125,
-0.0614624023,
-0.197265625,
0.7631835938,
-0.2191162109,
-0.2310791016,
-0.8095703125,
-1.5556640625,
-0.650390625,
-0.1296386719,
0.3198242188,
-0.677734375,
0.3684082031,
0.4338378906,
-0.0414123535,
0.0509033203,
-0.3840332031,
-0.2216796875,
-0.4482421875,
-1.6474609375,
-0.8115234375,
0.8188476562,
-0.0710449219,
1.0849609375,
0.1767578125,
-0.2905273438,
-0.6977539062,
0.3029785156,
1.373046875,
-0.3933105469,
0.1962890625,
1.0009765625,
0.26171875,
0.9399414062,
0.0313110352,
-0.0906982422,
-0.2915039062,
0.9799804688,
-0.4660644531,
-0.2088623047,
-0.3078613281,
-0.4055175781,
0.0924682617,
-0.3171386719,
-0.0664672852,
0.0109100342,
0.1068725586,
0.1418457031,
0.0892333984,
1.0888671875,
-0.2489013672,
-0.6884765625,
-0.5830078125,
-0.8349609375,
-0.1815185547,
-0.2263183594,
1.0546875,
0.3820800781,
-0.7622070312,
-1.3818359375,
0.1729736328,
0.2104492188,
0.0328674316,
0.1553955078,
-1.033203125,
1.03515625,
-0.6098632812,
-1.8193359375,
0.0962524414,
0.7861328125,
0.1721191406,
-0.85546875,
-0.4509277344,
-0.5952148438,
-0.0107955933,
-0.345703125,
0.5913085938,
0.1433105469,
0.83984375,
1.0068359375,
-1.6845703125,
-0.2768554688,
-0.4028320312,
0.1988525391,
0.6655273438,
0.1474609375,
1.650390625,
1.92578125,
1.234375,
-0.5024414062,
-0.443359375,
0.1871337891,
-0.4013671875,
0.2449951172,
0.3681640625,
0.0274200439,
0.0648193359,
0.1834716797,
0.822265625,
0.5083007812,
0.220703125,
0.6694335938,
-0.4663085938,
-0.5493164062,
-0.1940917969,
-0.625,
1.0556640625,
-0.69140625,
0.5356445312,
-0.48046875,
-0.974609375,
0.302734375,
0.3793945312,
-0.2993164062,
-0.1078491211,
-0.8159179688,
0.3229980469,
0.6748046875,
-0.8061523438,
0.4931640625,
-0.1463623047,
1.8427734375,
-0.2736816406,
1.3974609375,
0.3876953125,
0.2462158203,
0.78515625,
-0.4926757812,
-0.3562011719,
-0.9174804688,
-0.1040649414,
0.0197906494,
-1.1083984375,
-0.0680541992,
0.9194335938,
-0.3610839844,
0.6748046875,
0.3137207031,
-1.037109375,
-1.005859375,
-0.0154571533,
-1.34765625,
0.8994140625,
-0.0812988281,
-0.396484375,
-0.1172485352,
0.0709838867,
-0.4948730469,
-0.5864257812,
0.4711914062,
0.3403320312,
-0.4069824219,
-1.1083984375,
0.2247314453,
0.26953125,
-1.5927734375,
-0.5297851562,
1.4853515625,
-0.2120361328,
0.0209197998,
0.2476806641,
0.2937011719,
0.7197265625,
0.6254882812,
-0.1848144531,
0.4975585938,
0.4506835938,
0.3061523438,
-0.55859375,
0.73828125,
0.1387939453,
0.0429382324,
0.7719726562,
-0.876953125,
0.0002911091,
-0.4904785156,
-0.4421386719,
0.0994873047,
-0.1923828125,
-0.3122558594,
-0.4155273438,
0.3583984375,
0.1044921875,
-0.6059570312,
0.4694824219,
0.2800292969,
-1.302734375,
-0.5717773438,
0.4130859375,
0.4680175781,
-0.7788085938,
-0.271484375,
0.4460449219,
-0.5219726562,
-1.0244140625,
0.494140625,
1.1650390625,
-0.662109375,
0.2541503906,
1.0673828125,
-0.3747558594,
-0.7900390625,
0.1791992188,
0.8393554688,
0.0748291016,
0.5913085938,
-0.008934021,
-0.1510009766,
0.1287841797,
-1.3525390625,
-0.2565917969,
-0.1644287109,
0.2410888672,
-0.1034545898,
0.283203125,
-0.045135498,
-0.3957519531,
0.0681152344,
-0.0549621582,
0.8442382812,
0.8286132812,
0.8432617188,
-0.2587890625,
0.5380859375,
0.6079101562,
-0.9389648438,
0.5322265625,
-0.0052986145,
-0.703125,
-0.2215576172,
1.3408203125,
0.0863647461,
0.560546875,
-1.5244140625,
-0.751953125,
0.2893066406,
-0.0169677734,
-0.1883544922,
-0.3295898438,
-0.6645507812,
0.0209655762,
-0.9223632812,
-0.2822265625,
0.9921875,
0.2368164062,
0.5092773438,
0.9130859375,
-0.4365234375,
0.4135742188,
-0.8334960938,
-0.0523986816,
0.9819335938,
0.2670898438,
0.6982421875,
-0.7739257812,
0.3625488281,
0.1040649414,
-0.59765625,
-0.3742675781,
0.3454589844,
-0.1887207031,
-0.5126953125,
0.3923339844,
0.91015625,
0.1453857422,
-0.2452392578,
0.0202331543,
0.6494140625,
-0.4602050781,
-0.2963867188,
0.3940429688,
0.1029663086,
-1.1142578125,
0.2680664062,
0.2790527344,
0.453125,
0.5908203125,
0.4978027344,
-0.6499023438,
-0.1154174805,
0.0108718872,
-0.4660644531,
0.3708496094,
-0.2482910156,
0.1586914062,
0.2430419922,
-0.3833007812,
0.3898925781,
-0.37109375,
-0.3071289062,
0.7016601562,
-0.4367675781,
-0.1689453125,
-0.1242675781,
0.8041992188,
0.9501953125,
0.1405029297,
-0.1383056641,
0.6635742188,
-1.125,
0.2785644531,
0.2174072266,
0.1668701172,
0.3752441406,
1.1171875,
-0.4262695312,
0.130859375,
0.1480712891,
-0.7778320312,
0.0910644531,
1.1904296875,
-0.0911865234,
-0.9296875,
-0.2344970703,
-1.470703125,
0.8310546875,
0.0555725098,
0.3381347656,
0.0528259277,
-0.595703125,
0.1462402344,
0.4748535156,
-0.4584960938,
-0.5297851562,
-0.0657348633,
0.4594726562,
-0.1328125,
0.5961914062,
0.4626464844,
0.6323242188,
0.734375,
-0.4809570312,
0.7338867188,
-0.1884765625,
-0.1696777344,
-0.2114257812,
0.4438476562,
0.5610351562,
-0.2900390625,
-0.3610839844,
-0.294921875,
-2.095703125,
-0.5073242188,
-0.4519042969,
0.0795288086,
0.521484375,
-1.3779296875,
0.4035644531,
0.1435546875,
-0.0165405273,
-0.6552734375,
-0.0127258301,
0.9912109375,
-0.4567871094,
1.060546875,
0.2045898438,
-0.1480712891,
-0.0647583008,
-0.3864746094,
0.1842041016,
-0.8359375,
-0.908203125,
-0.5766601562,
-0.8325195312,
0.1591796875,
0.0412597656,
-0.265625,
0.1809082031,
-0.0946044922,
-0.7451171875,
-0.0067520142,
-0.533203125,
-0.8227539062,
0.7392578125,
-0.5361328125,
-0.4523925781,
0.4094238281,
0.2117919922,
0.3322753906,
-0.5434570312,
-0.3134765625,
-0.0779418945,
-0.1172485352,
0.2464599609,
-0.1722412109,
-0.29296875,
-0.8110351562,
0.4860839844,
-0.4008789062,
1.0771484375,
0.1968994141,
-0.0989990234,
0.4291992188,
0.1027832031,
-1.171875,
0.1844482422,
-0.2078857422,
-0.3359375,
-0.322265625,
0.0501098633,
0.3681640625,
0.3200683594,
0.3132324219,
-0.1463623047,
-0.83203125,
-1.4912109375,
0.1448974609,
-0.5708007812,
-1.478515625,
0.8793945312,
0.1241455078,
0.298828125,
-0.19140625,
-0.4296875,
1.0380859375,
0.9672851562,
-0.3315429688,
0.1989746094,
0.4123535156,
1.0556640625,
-0.513671875,
-1.3203125,
-0.529296875,
0.45703125,
-0.2712402344,
-0.958984375,
-12.8359375,
0.0889892578,
0.634765625,
-0.66796875,
-1.4228515625,
-0.2587890625,
0.5131835938,
-0.5185546875,
-0.6069335938,
-0.02394104,
-0.039642334,
0.019241333,
-1.044921875,
-0.9692382812,
0.0650634766,
-0.3513183594,
-1.404296875,
-0.513671875,
0.1436767578,
0.0235748291,
-0.1964111328,
0.7465820312,
-0.7895507812,
-0.626953125,
-0.6953125,
0.2163085938,
-0.4008789062,
-0.0182952881,
1.0341796875,
0.1773681641,
-0.4519042969,
-0.0560302734,
-1,
0.7690429688,
-0.630859375,
0.572265625,
-0.0477905273,
0.53515625,
1.17578125,
-0.572265625,
0.3762207031,
0.7465820312,
-1.3427734375,
0.474609375,
-0.5131835938,
0.1324462891,
0.1352539062,
-0.8823242188,
-0.0573425293,
0.177734375,
0.2093505859,
0.8559570312,
0.2956542969,
-0.0795288086,
-0.6552734375,
0.0630493164,
-1.5068359375,
0.6318359375,
-0.4602050781,
0.2373046875,
-0.7163085938,
-0.888671875,
0.7290039062,
0.3422851562,
-1.3544921875,
-0.9418945312,
-0.8203125,
-0.3107910156,
0.2902832031,
-0.3474121094,
-0.2108154297,
-0.720703125,
0.8681640625,
-1.1708984375,
-0.2878417969,
0.4587402344,
-0.6953125,
-1.326171875,
-0.404296875,
-0.8715820312,
-0.4799804688,
-0.4541015625
] |
Al-Biruni correspondence
Correspondence between Avicenna (with his student Ahmad ibn 'Ali al-Ma'sumi) and Al-Biruni has survived in which they debated Aristotelian natural philosophy and the Peripatetic school. Abu Rayhan began by asking Avicenna eighteen questions, ten of which were criticisms of Aristotle's On the Heavens. Theology
Avicenna was a devout Muslim and sought to reconcile rational philosophy with Islamic theology. His aim was to prove the existence of God and His creation of the world scientifically and through reason and logic. Avicenna's views on Islamic theology (and philosophy) were enormously influential, forming part of the core of the curriculum at Islamic religious schools until the 19th century. Avicenna wrote a number of short treatises dealing with Islamic theology. These included treatises on the prophets (whom he viewed as "inspired philosophers"), and also on various scientific and philosophical interpretations of the Quran, such as how Quranic cosmology corresponds to his own philosophical system. In general these treatises linked his philosophical writings to Islamic religious ideas; for example, the body's afterlife. There are occasional brief hints and allusions in his longer works, however, that Avicenna considered philosophy as the only sensible way to distinguish real prophecy from illusion. He did not state this more clearly because of the political implications of such a theory, if prophecy could be questioned, and also because most of the time he was writing shorter works which concentrated on explaining his theories on philosophy and theology clearly, without digressing to consider epistemological matters which could only be properly considered by other philosophers. | [
0.7641601562,
-0.3269042969,
0.6821289062,
-0.1322021484,
-1.2490234375,
0.3266601562,
0.1054077148,
0.6049804688,
-1.537109375,
0.2934570312,
-0.5048828125,
0.4768066406,
-0.2009277344,
-0.859375,
0.2325439453,
-0.3442382812,
0.1403808594,
-0.8564453125,
-0.0244598389,
-0.2590332031,
-0.2890625,
-0.2575683594,
0.3205566406,
-0.7397460938,
-0.763671875,
-0.5927734375,
-0.3291015625,
-0.3059082031,
0.6499023438,
0.7436523438,
0.8090820312,
0.4213867188,
0.2362060547,
-0.62890625,
-1.173828125,
0.0377502441,
1.7861328125,
-0.3793945312,
-0.5395507812,
0.6572265625,
-0.865234375,
-0.689453125,
-0.9135742188,
-0.3569335938,
0.7470703125,
0.1373291016,
0.3352050781,
0.5239257812,
-0.2082519531,
-0.3569335938,
-0.3239746094,
-0.1372070312,
-0.0751953125,
-0.4465332031,
-0.4165039062,
-0.4484863281,
1.1845703125,
-1.7998046875,
-0.3688964844,
-1.150390625,
-0.2963867188,
-0.4367675781,
0.9926757812,
-0.6650390625,
0.763671875,
-0.0255889893,
-1.001953125,
-1.2783203125,
1.0546875,
0.2734375,
-1.130859375,
0.5107421875,
-0.6206054688,
0.4418945312,
-0.1030883789,
-0.3666992188,
0.982421875,
0.5952148438,
-0.3461914062,
0.2570800781,
0.4655761719,
-0.6938476562,
-0.1402587891,
-1.2314453125,
-0.2419433594,
1.1044921875,
0.388671875,
0.1260986328,
0.2319335938,
1.0498046875,
0.5307617188,
-0.3503417969,
-0.106628418,
-0.5,
0.5141601562,
-0.2269287109,
-0.0580444336,
0.0005884171,
-0.599609375,
-0.4719238281,
-0.7348632812,
-0.9272460938,
0.447265625,
-0.8676757812,
0.5278320312,
0.5532226562,
-0.7255859375,
-0.044128418,
-0.4079589844,
0.4704589844,
-0.259765625,
-0.7919921875,
0.2890625,
0.103515625,
0.9194335938,
-1.2412109375,
-0.3920898438,
-0.0407714844,
-0.62109375,
-0.6967773438,
-0.3383789062,
0.533203125,
-0.5473632812,
-0.1450195312,
0.791015625,
0.1472167969,
-0.4055175781,
0.1233520508,
-0.4189453125,
-0.0597229004,
-0.4802246094,
-0.1181030273,
-0.42578125,
-0.6811523438,
-0.4162597656,
-0.4094238281,
-0.451171875,
-0.3833007812,
-0.2166748047,
0.2419433594,
-0.8168945312,
-0.4597167969,
-0.5834960938,
0.1453857422,
0.1538085938,
-0.1038818359,
0.4226074219,
0.9331054688,
-1.2392578125,
-1.341796875,
1.38671875,
0.4445800781,
0.4152832031,
0.1290283203,
-0.2056884766,
-0.1416015625,
0.1574707031,
-0.4724121094,
-0.466796875,
0.3422851562,
-0.5922851562,
0.67578125,
-0.537109375,
-0.0404663086,
-0.2468261719,
0.48046875,
-0.8818359375,
0.6743164062,
0.8002929688,
0.2592773438,
-1.2890625,
0.4504394531,
0.7661132812,
-0.6860351562,
1.37109375,
-0.8540039062,
0.1075439453,
0.7719726562,
-0.0338134766,
0.0284423828,
1.5546875,
-0.9321289062,
0.5385742188,
-0.3630371094,
0.8623046875,
0.4216308594,
-0.0925292969,
0.0828857422,
-0.466796875,
-0.2176513672,
-0.2286376953,
-0.1306152344,
-0.3706054688,
-0.6513671875,
-1.2587890625,
-0.8178710938,
-0.3015136719,
0.3647460938,
-0.4545898438,
-0.5556640625,
0.2756347656,
0.5869140625,
0.3894042969,
-0.1024780273,
-0.0554199219,
-0.4370117188,
0.5815429688,
0.1226806641,
-0.3195800781,
-0.2430419922,
-0.1993408203,
-0.1807861328,
0.0796508789,
-0.6625976562,
-0.0671386719,
0.1042480469,
0.6987304688,
-0.4975585938,
1.2001953125,
-0.8774414062,
-0.4140625,
-0.4597167969,
-0.5805664062,
0.5317382812,
-1.9033203125,
0.9946289062,
-1.4267578125,
1.2880859375,
0.3291015625,
1.25390625,
-0.2524414062,
-0.697265625,
-0.6704101562,
0.2954101562,
0.7470703125,
-0.0854492188,
0.345703125,
-0.1909179688,
0.3227539062,
0.5961914062,
0.7998046875,
-0.4636230469,
0.3205566406,
-0.6420898438,
0.2673339844,
0.7744140625,
0.1130371094,
1.291015625,
0.2221679688,
-0.0609741211,
1.533203125,
0.6196289062,
-0.2973632812,
-0.1087036133,
0.1111450195,
0.0863037109,
-0.4802246094,
0.9833984375,
-0.3095703125,
1.1591796875,
-0.1945800781,
-0.0387573242,
1,
-0.0938110352,
-0.5112304688,
0.3264160156,
-0.4619140625,
-0.1793212891,
0.2578125,
-0.1574707031,
0.5385742188,
-0.0264129639,
0.0910644531,
0.0265197754,
1.0517578125,
-0.56640625,
0.2430419922,
-0.9291992188,
-0.4792480469,
-0.124206543,
-0.7509765625,
0.2531738281,
0.9482421875,
-0.9096679688,
0.4770507812,
0.54296875,
0.9345703125,
1.2666015625,
0.7353515625,
-0.4870605469,
-0.1727294922,
0.1611328125,
-1.4921875,
0.0044631958,
0.015914917,
0.0598754883,
0.2565917969,
0.3901367188,
-0.1210327148,
0.2573242188,
0.0897827148,
1.01171875,
-0.1484375,
-0.1130371094,
0.701171875,
1.302734375,
0.1525878906,
0.6743164062,
0.4558105469,
-0.275390625,
-0.20703125,
-0.42578125,
0.0770263672,
0.1677246094,
-0.8720703125,
0.5083007812,
-0.7612304688,
0.7451171875,
0.0419616699,
0.5229492188,
-0.6552734375,
-0.6166992188,
-0.0436096191,
0.1646728516,
-0.4545898438,
0.2939453125,
0.2915039062,
-0.1938476562,
1.2783203125,
-0.3310546875,
0.1225585938,
0.0065155029,
-0.5258789062,
0.8564453125,
0.4926757812,
1.126953125,
0.2907714844,
0.53125,
0.3835449219,
0.1116943359,
0.5786132812,
0.7553710938,
0.64453125,
0.7509765625,
-0.0476379395,
0.1365966797,
-0.9497070312,
0.0601196289,
0.3234863281,
-0.1291503906,
0.599609375,
-0.9326171875,
-1.041015625,
0.1077270508,
0.5537109375,
0.380859375,
-0.5400390625,
0.29296875,
0.3225097656,
0.8662109375,
-1.1708984375,
-0.2110595703,
-0.92578125,
0.1794433594,
-0.4367675781,
-0.7543945312,
-0.3833007812,
-0.7236328125,
0.3159179688,
0.3713378906,
0.8842773438,
-0.1317138672,
-1.1513671875,
0.1143188477,
0.8198242188,
-0.3498535156,
-0.69921875,
1.00390625,
0.2454833984,
-0.0877685547,
-0.2587890625,
0.1701660156,
-0.765625,
0.1451416016,
0.2084960938,
0.2475585938,
-0.7314453125,
0.4479980469,
-1.1171875,
1.015625,
0.67578125,
1.216796875,
-0.62109375,
0.4194335938,
0.0153808594,
-0.505859375,
0.4604492188,
-1.0712890625,
0.2768554688,
0.1466064453,
0.3881835938,
0.1271972656,
0.1834716797,
0.4287109375,
-0.0722045898,
-0.568359375,
2.359375,
-0.2064208984,
0.5092773438,
0.0650024414,
0.0965576172,
-0.8862304688,
-0.1853027344,
0.5502929688,
-1.02734375,
-0.59375,
-1.0302734375,
0.3806152344,
0.4731445312,
0.6953125,
-0.4645996094,
-0.8901367188,
-0.0048599243,
0.2219238281,
0.5610351562,
0.830078125,
0.3742675781,
-0.3283691406,
-0.0028553009,
-1.185546875,
-1.03125,
-0.2189941406,
-0.3725585938,
0.2309570312,
1.2353515625,
0.1962890625,
0.2700195312,
-0.2088623047,
0.4453125,
-0.4016113281,
0.0172424316,
0.2553710938,
-0.2702636719,
1.443359375,
0.1624755859,
-0.0617675781,
0.2224121094,
-1.0380859375,
0.0646362305,
-0.3845214844,
0.013092041,
0.3955078125,
1.669921875,
-0.1740722656,
0.900390625,
-0.2125244141,
0.3063964844,
-0.8471679688,
0.1070556641,
1.2060546875,
0.0725708008,
0.1635742188,
-0.9184570312,
0.751953125,
-0.9072265625,
-1.880859375,
-1.5224609375,
0.2454833984,
-0.1796875,
-0.53515625,
-0.4255371094,
-0.0045089722,
-0.40625,
-0.2980957031,
-0.1466064453,
0.5864257812,
1.40625,
1.2490234375,
0.328125,
1.068359375,
0.390625,
-0.404296875,
0.1936035156,
0.2517089844,
0.306640625,
-0.1979980469,
0.3999023438,
-0.9770507812,
0.5146484375,
-1.2578125,
-0.3581542969,
0.15234375,
0.1594238281,
-0.4553222656,
-0.6416015625,
-0.3500976562,
0.1937255859,
-0.7768554688,
-0.8505859375,
-0.3352050781,
-0.7465820312,
-0.0373840332,
-0.5224609375,
-0.3374023438,
-0.75,
0.857421875,
-0.47265625,
0.3410644531,
-0.1032714844,
0.5922851562,
-0.2880859375,
-0.0257415771,
1.4853515625,
-0.6127929688,
0.5083007812,
0.5268554688,
-0.880859375,
-0.5830078125,
-0.8623046875,
0.5830078125,
-0.1518554688,
-0.6264648438,
-0.4968261719,
-1.111328125,
-1.6728515625,
-0.8061523438,
0.6772460938,
-0.4177246094,
0.3447265625,
-0.0226593018,
-0.2139892578,
0.1351318359,
0.1663818359,
-0.1988525391,
-0.8662109375,
0.1225585938,
-1.0380859375,
0.3713378906,
0.70703125,
0.99609375,
-0.1018676758,
0.1801757812,
0.3215332031,
0.3737792969,
2.166015625,
0.2143554688,
0.2486572266,
1.2294921875,
0.849609375,
0.7392578125,
-0.0603027344,
-0.6430664062,
0.0366210938,
0.4096679688,
-0.1002807617,
-0.0319213867,
-0.4645996094,
-0.1788330078,
0.3408203125,
-0.4157714844,
0.2900390625,
-0.8286132812,
0.0435180664,
0.1317138672,
0.0205535889,
1.181640625,
0.6518554688,
-0.9501953125,
-1.0576171875,
-0.6538085938,
-0.1446533203,
0.0714111328,
0.1618652344,
0.2622070312,
-0.841796875,
-0.7802734375,
-0.8793945312,
-0.0582580566,
0.7387695312,
0.7265625,
-0.998046875,
0.6513671875,
-0.1502685547,
-1.1767578125,
0.3674316406,
0.4240722656,
0.7045898438,
-0.9135742188,
-0.9721679688,
0.0055961609,
-0.5615234375,
-0.6318359375,
0.30859375,
0.2231445312,
0.798828125,
0.7963867188,
-2.728515625,
-1.0888671875,
-0.681640625,
0.1940917969,
0.0518493652,
-0.6196289062,
1.3193359375,
1.1884765625,
0.958984375,
0.2154541016,
0.2253417969,
0.865234375,
-0.0102386475,
0.2302246094,
0.4116210938,
0.0765991211,
0.1258544922,
-0.00831604,
0.7377929688,
0.798828125,
0.0172576904,
-0.2467041016,
-0.1248168945,
-1.2158203125,
0.7045898438,
-0.3491210938,
0.2800292969,
0.0237121582,
1.10546875,
-0.8032226562,
0.251953125,
0.7392578125,
0.33984375,
-0.6538085938,
-0.6015625,
-0.732421875,
-0.6015625,
1.263671875,
-0.6586914062,
0.7021484375,
-0.7641601562,
2.4296875,
-0.2524414062,
0.2919921875,
0.5092773438,
0.2927246094,
0.0261688232,
-1.337890625,
0.26953125,
-0.4572753906,
0.6708984375,
0.6391601562,
-1.3603515625,
0.2385253906,
0.7534179688,
0.3364257812,
0.7426757812,
0.5590820312,
-1.0400390625,
-1.177734375,
-0.1193847656,
-1.74609375,
1.2705078125,
0.63671875,
-0.2651367188,
-0.0669555664,
0.0547790527,
-0.0979614258,
-0.3076171875,
0.3483886719,
0.0731811523,
-0.1962890625,
-0.4221191406,
0.0932617188,
0.5532226562,
-1.5791015625,
-0.15234375,
0.84765625,
0.1148071289,
0.3254394531,
-0.7358398438,
0.8305664062,
0.4345703125,
0.7021484375,
0.2924804688,
0.7314453125,
0.4887695312,
-0.1058349609,
-0.5620117188,
0.802734375,
-0.2741699219,
-0.1201171875,
0.4372558594,
-0.7783203125,
-0.0050773621,
-0.5654296875,
-0.1036376953,
0.3295898438,
0.0054779053,
-1.2861328125,
0.2192382812,
0.0346069336,
0.3200683594,
-0.6474609375,
0.1352539062,
0.7377929688,
-0.9267578125,
-0.3908691406,
0.3515625,
0.2266845703,
-1.318359375,
-0.2922363281,
0.5053710938,
-0.6137695312,
-0.3083496094,
-0.1011962891,
1.27734375,
-0.4816894531,
-0.2861328125,
0.5908203125,
-0.7065429688,
-0.1495361328,
0.5502929688,
-0.0954589844,
0.2600097656,
0.5517578125,
-0.0092163086,
0.26171875,
0.7426757812,
-1.185546875,
0.1661376953,
-0.0902099609,
-0.0883178711,
-0.1000366211,
-0.3308105469,
-0.2561035156,
-0.662109375,
-0.4138183594,
0.0910644531,
0.9829101562,
0.8212890625,
0.9389648438,
-0.1196899414,
0.623046875,
0.1746826172,
-0.92578125,
0.5434570312,
0.3823242188,
-0.8125,
-0.4072265625,
1.2890625,
0.7568359375,
-0.1236572266,
-0.6958007812,
-0.8295898438,
0.3735351562,
0.4724121094,
-0.1945800781,
-0.034942627,
-0.67578125,
-0.1315917969,
-0.3579101562,
-0.3510742188,
0.5405273438,
0.7373046875,
0.6181640625,
0.4558105469,
0.3479003906,
0.45703125,
-0.9243164062,
-0.0930175781,
1.150390625,
0.5849609375,
1.189453125,
-0.8959960938,
0.4028320312,
0.4030761719,
-0.6064453125,
-0.3291015625,
0.6640625,
0.3386230469,
-0.5888671875,
0.1077270508,
0.17578125,
-0.1677246094,
-0.587890625,
-0.5771484375,
0.2897949219,
-0.30078125,
0.203125,
-0.3911132812,
0.3647460938,
-1.583984375,
0.5463867188,
-0.0660400391,
0.4733886719,
0.9951171875,
0.5502929688,
-0.7333984375,
-0.1739501953,
0.6274414062,
-0.5151367188,
-0.3591308594,
-0.4431152344,
0.1033935547,
1.009765625,
-0.4165039062,
0.0175170898,
-0.0098495483,
0.4694824219,
0.90625,
-1.3173828125,
-0.6235351562,
0.1813964844,
0.3762207031,
0.4106445312,
-0.3898925781,
-0.1260986328,
0.3801269531,
-1.564453125,
-0.3557128906,
0.0519104004,
-0.2778320312,
-0.0288085938,
0.943359375,
-0.2163085938,
0.1938476562,
0.4479980469,
0.6118164062,
-0.1614990234,
1.0126953125,
-0.6479492188,
-0.8916015625,
-0.8364257812,
-0.4909667969,
0.4970703125,
-0.5200195312,
0.4184570312,
-0.3288574219,
0.3823242188,
0.2436523438,
1.4111328125,
-0.4655761719,
-0.2342529297,
0.0630493164,
-0.1263427734,
-0.2810058594,
1.34375,
0.7602539062,
0.1741943359,
0.5385742188,
-0.3837890625,
1.0244140625,
-0.2208251953,
0.1772460938,
-0.5883789062,
-0.1340332031,
0.4501953125,
-0.1095581055,
-0.5014648438,
-0.0198822021,
-1.8095703125,
-0.0731811523,
-0.4384765625,
0.310546875,
0.8227539062,
-1.6279296875,
0.189453125,
0.0094833374,
-0.1071166992,
-0.8017578125,
-0.234375,
0.2113037109,
0.2008056641,
0.8051757812,
-0.9951171875,
0.28125,
-1.5146484375,
-0.5307617188,
-0.1713867188,
-1.619140625,
-0.5947265625,
-0.4848632812,
-0.1982421875,
0.30859375,
0.2413330078,
0.0392456055,
-0.4790039062,
-0.8325195312,
-0.1949462891,
0.6274414062,
-0.7583007812,
-0.5712890625,
0.1602783203,
-0.5893554688,
0.1312255859,
0.4799804688,
-0.057800293,
0.1597900391,
-0.2491455078,
0.1961669922,
0.048828125,
0.53515625,
0.2348632812,
-0.1149902344,
0.1721191406,
-0.447265625,
0.1811523438,
0.3376464844,
0.265625,
0.5458984375,
0.2839355469,
0.3796386719,
0.0934448242,
-1.392578125,
0.5698242188,
-0.3828125,
-1.068359375,
-0.008682251,
0.3349609375,
0.1875,
0.5551757812,
0.2230224609,
0.073425293,
-0.1818847656,
-1.1123046875,
-0.830078125,
-1.11328125,
-0.6889648438,
0.2507324219,
0.2729492188,
-0.6450195312,
-1.1171875,
-0.1010742188,
0.849609375,
0.7104492188,
0.4118652344,
0.4599609375,
0.8466796875,
0.9086914062,
-0.2863769531,
-0.626953125,
-0.2514648438,
0.4135742188,
-0.4299316406,
-0.6572265625,
-11.6953125,
-0.3161621094,
0.5244140625,
-0.8193359375,
-1.4306640625,
0.1827392578,
0.2296142578,
-0.7143554688,
-0.1916503906,
0.1752929688,
-0.1177368164,
0.9536132812,
-0.9482421875,
-1.5302734375,
0.0936279297,
-0.5190429688,
-0.8540039062,
-1.431640625,
0.4184570312,
0.2685546875,
-0.9990234375,
0.8247070312,
-1.169921875,
0.1881103516,
-0.7416992188,
-0.1846923828,
0.1002807617,
-0.3962402344,
0.6708984375,
0.0639648438,
-0.1600341797,
0.1073608398,
-0.2357177734,
0.46484375,
-0.4455566406,
1.09375,
-0.5366210938,
0.6606445312,
0.7299804688,
-0.4946289062,
-0.2478027344,
0.9541015625,
-0.9194335938,
1.15625,
-0.3498535156,
0.1049804688,
-0.0961914062,
-0.9028320312,
0.1865234375,
-0.7006835938,
-0.2814941406,
1.3369140625,
0.875,
0.0169830322,
-1.3623046875,
0.2883300781,
-1.7734375,
0.3735351562,
-0.802734375,
0.6108398438,
-0.0434570312,
-1.1103515625,
1.5126953125,
0.7270507812,
-1.2138671875,
-0.5791015625,
-0.1326904297,
-0.6010742188,
-0.4987792969,
-0.4074707031,
-0.1335449219,
-0.6708984375,
0.5078125,
-1.513671875,
0.0176239014,
-0.0612182617,
-0.6298828125,
-1.029296875,
0.2966308594,
-0.5390625,
-0.6889648438,
-1.2578125
] |
Later interpretations of Avicenna's philosophy split into three different schools; those (such as al-Tusi) who continued to apply his philosophy as a system to interpret later political events and scientific advances; those (such as al-Razi) who considered Avicenna's theological works in isolation from his wider philosophical concerns; and those (such as al-Ghazali) who selectively used parts of his philosophy to support their own attempts to gain greater spiritual insights through a variety of mystical means. It was the theological interpretation championed by those such as al-Razi which eventually came to predominate in the madrasahs. Avicenna memorized the Quran by the age of ten, and as an adult, he wrote five treatises commenting on suras from the Quran. One of these texts included the Proof of Prophecies, in which he comments on several Quranic verses and holds the Quran in high esteem. Avicenna argued that the Islamic prophets should be considered higher than philosophers. Avicenna is generally understood to have been aligned with the Sunni Hanafi school of thought. Avicenna studied Hanafi law, many of his notable teachers were Hanafi jurists, and he served under the Hanafi court of Ali ibn Mamun. Avicenna said at an early age that he remained "unconvinced" by Ismaili missionary attempts to convert him. Medieval historian Ẓahīr al-dīn al-Bayhaqī (d. 1169) also believed Avicenna to be a follower of the Brethren of Purity. Thought experiments
While he was imprisoned in the castle of Fardajan near Hamadhan, Avicenna wrote his famous "floating man"—literally falling man—a thought experiment to demonstrate human self-awareness and the substantiality and immateriality of the soul. | [
0.7045898438,
-0.0019025803,
0.8461914062,
-0.6547851562,
0.1563720703,
0.3786621094,
0.1168212891,
-0.1635742188,
-1.2216796875,
0.1330566406,
-0.0473937988,
0.8969726562,
0.1190795898,
-0.0970458984,
0.78515625,
0.1105957031,
-0.1722412109,
-0.517578125,
-0.0138778687,
0.2609863281,
-0.6323242188,
-0.3525390625,
-0.1903076172,
-0.9521484375,
-0.5048828125,
-0.3063964844,
0.3815917969,
0.8725585938,
0.4387207031,
0.3869628906,
0.44921875,
0.1751708984,
0.6064453125,
-1.115234375,
-0.7377929688,
-0.3137207031,
0.728515625,
-0.63671875,
-0.763671875,
0.3354492188,
-1.0595703125,
-0.5883789062,
-1.2529296875,
-0.2551269531,
0.7993164062,
-0.0277252197,
-0.0680541992,
0.2783203125,
-0.2741699219,
-0.4975585938,
-0.5639648438,
0.8916015625,
-0.5473632812,
0.0697021484,
-0.2083740234,
0.1817626953,
0.7651367188,
-1.1845703125,
-0.3393554688,
-1.279296875,
-0.2437744141,
-0.6118164062,
0.6772460938,
-0.708984375,
0.50390625,
-0.6704101562,
-1.2255859375,
-0.6733398438,
0.5942382812,
0.3859863281,
-0.7758789062,
0.2084960938,
-1.052734375,
0.5419921875,
-0.9833984375,
-0.287109375,
0.2873535156,
0.365234375,
0.2790527344,
0.0381774902,
0.2717285156,
-0.9975585938,
-0.54296875,
-1.369140625,
0.2125244141,
1.1103515625,
0.5361328125,
-0.0512695312,
0.3420410156,
0.6220703125,
0.1872558594,
-0.04296875,
-0.3874511719,
-0.2261962891,
0.2229003906,
0.3674316406,
0.0972900391,
-0.708984375,
-0.8813476562,
-0.1311035156,
-0.423828125,
-0.8891601562,
0.4392089844,
-0.5317382812,
0.7993164062,
1.3896484375,
-0.4233398438,
-0.8969726562,
-0.4423828125,
0.5522460938,
-0.1264648438,
-0.3566894531,
-0.0878295898,
0.4338378906,
0.1785888672,
-0.3444824219,
0.0476379395,
-0.8603515625,
-0.0993041992,
-0.1696777344,
-0.2283935547,
-0.0854492188,
-0.5922851562,
-0.2219238281,
0.8369140625,
-0.013053894,
-0.8076171875,
0.1262207031,
-0.1889648438,
0.0555725098,
-0.5732421875,
0.3071289062,
0.1069946289,
-0.1262207031,
0.1589355469,
-0.4704589844,
-0.1484375,
0.0394287109,
-0.2370605469,
0.2827148438,
-0.3627929688,
-0.4699707031,
-0.3544921875,
0.1899414062,
0.2507324219,
0.1674804688,
0.806640625,
1.15234375,
-0.44140625,
-0.916015625,
0.9375,
-0.2407226562,
0.6030273438,
-0.5454101562,
-1.2216796875,
0.0178833008,
0.7670898438,
0.1873779297,
-0.306640625,
0.0061645508,
-0.1560058594,
-0.263671875,
-0.6059570312,
-0.3659667969,
-0.8432617188,
0.3742675781,
-0.8862304688,
0.4702148438,
0.0653076172,
0.6137695312,
-1.314453125,
0.28515625,
-0.0577087402,
0.1577148438,
1.462890625,
-0.9575195312,
0.3322753906,
0.9448242188,
-0.1879882812,
-0.0540161133,
1.2578125,
-1.583984375,
0.9399414062,
-0.1611328125,
0.5791015625,
0.3884277344,
0.1423339844,
-0.6533203125,
0.1079711914,
-1.0693359375,
-0.3986816406,
0.1330566406,
-0.2274169922,
-0.5415039062,
-1.1650390625,
-0.9189453125,
-0.4956054688,
0.9594726562,
0.1951904297,
-0.1713867188,
0.2305908203,
0.8974609375,
0.4299316406,
0.4443359375,
-0.322265625,
-0.0038719177,
0.1911621094,
0.2802734375,
0.2844238281,
-0.453125,
-0.7241210938,
-0.1611328125,
0.0761108398,
0.6606445312,
0.4860839844,
0.2758789062,
0.5366210938,
-0.5532226562,
0.3366699219,
-0.7119140625,
-0.1684570312,
-0.5766601562,
-0.8266601562,
0.8798828125,
-1.9091796875,
0.6762695312,
-1.021484375,
0.3642578125,
0.3205566406,
1.6025390625,
-0.0199432373,
-0.4833984375,
-1.251953125,
0.3273925781,
-0.2731933594,
-0.4055175781,
-0.1171264648,
-0.4782714844,
0.2213134766,
-0.2836914062,
0.2221679688,
-0.7788085938,
0.5834960938,
-1.3876953125,
0.3063964844,
0.2355957031,
1.05859375,
1.2978515625,
0.5258789062,
-0.0667114258,
1.162109375,
0.9853515625,
-0.2431640625,
-0.1287841797,
0.2814941406,
-0.2064208984,
-0.2534179688,
0.84765625,
-0.0713500977,
0.7099609375,
-0.2327880859,
-0.2788085938,
1.08203125,
-0.4724121094,
-0.2176513672,
-0.0107345581,
-0.3393554688,
-0.1866455078,
0.5063476562,
0.1468505859,
0.0604858398,
-0.4287109375,
-0.1743164062,
0.1058349609,
1.169921875,
0.1044311523,
0.1008911133,
-0.6416015625,
0.0095367432,
0.2543945312,
0.0276947021,
-0.4831542969,
0.0368652344,
-0.5454101562,
0.4384765625,
-0.3459472656,
0.5517578125,
0.7939453125,
0.3715820312,
-0.8950195312,
-0.0559387207,
0.0680541992,
-0.673828125,
0.2395019531,
-0.3278808594,
-0.0314941406,
0.2761230469,
0.7885742188,
0.1125488281,
-0.104309082,
0.9204101562,
1.248046875,
-0.1249389648,
0.7426757812,
-0.1704101562,
0.6127929688,
-0.4978027344,
0.5747070312,
0.98046875,
-0.61328125,
0.1365966797,
0.0100021362,
-0.2045898438,
-0.4836425781,
-0.7548828125,
0.0505981445,
-0.1842041016,
0.353515625,
0.4235839844,
0.2951660156,
-0.1087036133,
-0.1580810547,
-0.2310791016,
-0.3361816406,
-0.8686523438,
0.5815429688,
0.3420410156,
-0.4934082031,
1.078125,
-0.421875,
0.3791503906,
-0.2098388672,
-0.8515625,
0.576171875,
1.078125,
0.2348632812,
0.0417785645,
0.5297851562,
-0.4868164062,
0.1583251953,
1.0546875,
0.7524414062,
0.2543945312,
0.0237121582,
-0.1650390625,
0.7553710938,
-0.4296875,
0.2727050781,
0.2934570312,
0.0485534668,
0.6616210938,
-0.4582519531,
-0.5600585938,
-0.3427734375,
-0.1552734375,
0.8579101562,
-0.3356933594,
-0.042755127,
0.3950195312,
0.7841796875,
-0.5952148438,
-0.1811523438,
-1.4892578125,
0.2274169922,
-0.0737304688,
-0.0068969727,
0.1530761719,
0.0822753906,
0.0057106018,
0.1467285156,
0.6669921875,
-0.1447753906,
-1.2548828125,
-0.2177734375,
1.2001953125,
-0.9975585938,
-0.380859375,
1.2958984375,
-0.3549804688,
-0.2347412109,
0.9150390625,
-0.7397460938,
-0.7407226562,
-0.7456054688,
0.8159179688,
-0.2156982422,
-0.2185058594,
0.4504394531,
-0.0805053711,
0.3881835938,
0.3725585938,
1.2099609375,
0.0265960693,
-0.2568359375,
-0.5224609375,
-0.859375,
0.5952148438,
-1.11328125,
0.1104125977,
0.0431213379,
-0.0429077148,
-0.93359375,
0.2712402344,
0.0371704102,
0.2492675781,
-0.70703125,
2.611328125,
-0.6821289062,
0.533203125,
0.0029697418,
0.0767822266,
0.0748901367,
0.5278320312,
0.2951660156,
-0.9677734375,
-0.034942627,
-0.6904296875,
0.9448242188,
1.01953125,
0.541015625,
0.0800170898,
-0.2590332031,
-0.0173034668,
-0.248046875,
0.6518554688,
0.7177734375,
0.0772705078,
-0.0328063965,
-0.4370117188,
-0.4841308594,
-0.56640625,
0.2724609375,
-0.1427001953,
0.1762695312,
0.2766113281,
-0.5341796875,
0.8095703125,
-0.8149414062,
0.3732910156,
-0.1481933594,
0.1843261719,
0.5942382812,
-0.5078125,
1.4345703125,
0.8740234375,
0.0634155273,
-0.2678222656,
-0.611328125,
-0.1174316406,
-0.2587890625,
0.3586425781,
-0.7958984375,
1.314453125,
0.5151367188,
0.6552734375,
-0.5004882812,
0.4924316406,
-0.1533203125,
-0.0400695801,
0.7368164062,
0.2797851562,
0.0517883301,
-0.4350585938,
0.4228515625,
-0.7084960938,
-1.46484375,
-1.6220703125,
0.2183837891,
-0.1184082031,
-0.32421875,
0.0019626617,
-0.3930664062,
0.1422119141,
-0.3576660156,
-0.1652832031,
0.3022460938,
0.6362304688,
0.9116210938,
-0.0759277344,
0.357421875,
0.421875,
-0.7426757812,
-0.3737792969,
0.4716796875,
0.1423339844,
0.0139923096,
-0.0351257324,
-0.1115722656,
0.2797851562,
-1.8251953125,
-0.6762695312,
0.921875,
-0.533203125,
0.053527832,
-0.20703125,
-0.1323242188,
0.30078125,
-0.5302734375,
-0.5375976562,
-0.701171875,
-0.4814453125,
0.0698852539,
0.1501464844,
-0.084777832,
-0.1727294922,
1.28125,
-0.6235351562,
-0.6674804688,
0.42578125,
0.3801269531,
-0.0331115723,
0.1853027344,
1.853515625,
-0.5419921875,
0.1416015625,
0.3659667969,
-1.109375,
-0.1640625,
-0.4755859375,
0.1694335938,
0.0620727539,
-0.5888671875,
-0.5434570312,
-1.34375,
-0.9379882812,
-0.6606445312,
-0.1737060547,
-1.25,
0.240234375,
0.0900878906,
-0.1652832031,
0.4865722656,
-0.2836914062,
-0.106262207,
-0.8598632812,
-1.2705078125,
-1.017578125,
0.5717773438,
0.2822265625,
1.1953125,
0.1794433594,
-0.400390625,
0.2155761719,
-0.0513305664,
1.3388671875,
0.6069335938,
0.8051757812,
1.0498046875,
0.2783203125,
0.603515625,
0.2885742188,
-0.1796875,
-0.1287841797,
0.6713867188,
0.1043701172,
-0.1215820312,
0.0024318695,
-0.7192382812,
0.2941894531,
-0.6108398438,
0.0311431885,
-0.4348144531,
-0.3415527344,
0.4191894531,
0.0625,
0.7905273438,
0.2512207031,
-1.48828125,
-0.5747070312,
-0.7021484375,
-0.1870117188,
-0.958984375,
1.095703125,
0.7919921875,
-0.4523925781,
-0.353515625,
-0.7583007812,
-0.1197509766,
0.96875,
0.1159667969,
-0.6137695312,
0.7236328125,
-0.6215820312,
-1.287109375,
-0.2254638672,
0.4499511719,
0.7104492188,
-0.974609375,
-0.8330078125,
-0.8686523438,
-0.68359375,
0.0155639648,
0.1286621094,
0.2209472656,
1.21484375,
0.3696289062,
-1.7216796875,
-1.0498046875,
-0.693359375,
0.2580566406,
0.4208984375,
-0.2239990234,
1.1103515625,
1.0185546875,
1.2783203125,
0.0115966797,
0.4689941406,
1.0400390625,
-0.7456054688,
-0.3818359375,
0.9243164062,
-0.2192382812,
0.5405273438,
-0.1291503906,
0.9033203125,
1.060546875,
0.171875,
-0.60546875,
-0.3745117188,
-1.4150390625,
0.6479492188,
-0.0882568359,
-0.0353088379,
-0.7197265625,
0.560546875,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2470703125,
0.0018062592,
-0.2241210938,
-0.8481445312,
-0.0951538086,
-0.25,
-0.0673217773,
0.8203125,
-0.3181152344,
0.1883544922,
-0.3754882812,
1.2060546875,
0.0895385742,
0.8671875,
1.1123046875,
0.2719726562,
0.8671875,
-0.4104003906,
-0.2407226562,
0.0380859375,
-0.587890625,
-0.2025146484,
-1.2333984375,
0.1955566406,
0.484375,
-0.3767089844,
0.9794921875,
0.6616210938,
-0.548828125,
-0.7211914062,
-0.4807128906,
-1.9013671875,
1.955078125,
-0.4482421875,
0.4497070312,
0.2462158203,
-0.3701171875,
-0.74609375,
-0.3779296875,
-0.298828125,
-0.1247558594,
0.4189453125,
-0.3422851562,
0.5551757812,
0.67578125,
-1.462890625,
0.2399902344,
1.1181640625,
0.3337402344,
0.9658203125,
-0.2666015625,
-0.0147781372,
0.2336425781,
0.8125,
0.2998046875,
0.3015136719,
-0.1275634766,
-0.0499267578,
-0.8857421875,
0.0429992676,
-0.5390625,
0.1302490234,
0.0442504883,
-0.4340820312,
-0.2839355469,
-0.5009765625,
-0.3369140625,
-0.5849609375,
-0.583984375,
-1.2880859375,
-0.4504394531,
0.4152832031,
0.5239257812,
-0.2110595703,
-0.3076171875,
0.1807861328,
-1.515625,
0.0158081055,
0.0259094238,
0.1052856445,
-0.0139541626,
-1.2021484375,
0.3752441406,
0.0204925537,
0.2751464844,
0.3474121094,
0.7666015625,
0.2329101562,
0.4001464844,
0.2963867188,
-1.11328125,
-0.7397460938,
0.0368347168,
-0.0819091797,
-0.1741943359,
0.6240234375,
0.060546875,
-0.1746826172,
0.6752929688,
-0.9350585938,
-0.1849365234,
-0.2644042969,
0.84375,
-0.2279052734,
0.6650390625,
0.0305480957,
-0.4143066406,
0.666015625,
-0.4504394531,
0.9912109375,
0.005859375,
0.8154296875,
0.34375,
0.8671875,
0.2839355469,
-0.2442626953,
0.3266601562,
0.3269042969,
-1.0673828125,
-0.326171875,
1.076171875,
0.6489257812,
0.2670898438,
-1.1865234375,
-0.7758789062,
0.0233154297,
0.2751464844,
0.7158203125,
-0.765625,
-0.4631347656,
0.4013671875,
-0.8115234375,
-0.255859375,
1.14453125,
0.0838623047,
0.62890625,
0.2412109375,
0.298828125,
0.3566894531,
-0.2944335938,
-0.3352050781,
0.994140625,
0.4870605469,
0.7075195312,
-0.0484008789,
0.2189941406,
0.3969726562,
-0.6606445312,
-0.033203125,
0.1776123047,
0.3967285156,
-1.1181640625,
0.4226074219,
0.2294921875,
0.0036144257,
-0.3395996094,
0.1318359375,
0.2717285156,
-0.8247070312,
0.0374450684,
-0.1657714844,
0.0079574585,
-1.73828125,
0.2333984375,
0.1773681641,
0.0208129883,
0.0124893188,
0.2919921875,
-0.2094726562,
-0.3239746094,
-0.1893310547,
-0.798828125,
-0.2124023438,
0.0793457031,
0.3503417969,
0.0105667114,
0.1279296875,
-0.4040527344,
-0.6528320312,
0.7958984375,
0.7729492188,
-0.556640625,
-0.53515625,
0.2590332031,
-0.0337219238,
0.9379882812,
-0.3547363281,
-0.1965332031,
0.3532714844,
-1.470703125,
0.1827392578,
0.1861572266,
0.3630371094,
0.4396972656,
0.4826660156,
0.1226806641,
-0.3454589844,
0.1217651367,
-0.0408325195,
-0.2208251953,
-0.1580810547,
-0.4829101562,
-0.8818359375,
-0.4450683594,
-0.6484375,
1.0439453125,
-0.8256835938,
0.658203125,
0.0665893555,
0.3408203125,
-0.0349121094,
1.0244140625,
0.1170654297,
-0.5971679688,
-0.060333252,
-0.1414794922,
0.1182861328,
0.625,
0.482421875,
-0.0439758301,
0.6123046875,
-0.0645751953,
0.587890625,
0.0731201172,
0.5454101562,
-0.2687988281,
-0.7822265625,
0.4379882812,
-0.3374023438,
-0.896484375,
0.1551513672,
-1.2412109375,
-0.8588867188,
-0.6938476562,
0.4868164062,
0.4206542969,
-1.7880859375,
-0.28125,
0.2293701172,
-0.2785644531,
-0.3142089844,
-0.3005371094,
0.8471679688,
0.0179748535,
0.2524414062,
-0.3312988281,
0.3591308594,
-0.2990722656,
-0.927734375,
-0.3269042969,
-0.8237304688,
-0.4172363281,
-0.3994140625,
-0.6245117188,
0.3161621094,
0.3666992188,
0.1225585938,
-0.3354492188,
0.4077148438,
-0.1976318359,
0.6826171875,
-0.46484375,
-0.3627929688,
0.3427734375,
-0.0428466797,
-0.3696289062,
0.97265625,
0.6005859375,
-0.5102539062,
-0.4174804688,
-0.0416564941,
-0.2390136719,
0.3527832031,
-0.6396484375,
-0.4165039062,
-0.572265625,
-0.349609375,
-0.3725585938,
0.5473632812,
0.2137451172,
0.1184692383,
-0.1467285156,
0.0527954102,
0.6528320312,
-0.9887695312,
0.5625,
-0.3078613281,
-0.3681640625,
0.1324462891,
0.2937011719,
-0.1249389648,
0.4152832031,
0.2641601562,
0.0731811523,
-0.8627929688,
-0.8315429688,
-0.1867675781,
-0.4704589844,
-0.3471679688,
0.541015625,
0.1807861328,
-0.4692382812,
-0.869140625,
0.7348632812,
1.0732421875,
0.95703125,
0.3862304688,
0.4946289062,
0.2490234375,
0.1002807617,
0.4165039062,
-0.9340820312,
-0.0983276367,
1.017578125,
-0.2658691406,
-0.5546875,
-13.5859375,
-0.0421142578,
1.0966796875,
-0.3664550781,
-1.3671875,
-0.2331542969,
0.673828125,
0.0057144165,
0.0934448242,
-0.3891601562,
-0.4560546875,
1.220703125,
-1.0595703125,
-0.4990234375,
-0.1960449219,
-0.2836914062,
-0.681640625,
-1.38671875,
0.0747070312,
-0.0800170898,
-0.1376953125,
0.744140625,
-0.7036132812,
0.2734375,
0.5869140625,
-0.3713378906,
0.1290283203,
-0.1491699219,
-0.4836425781,
-0.1798095703,
0.2561035156,
-0.1574707031,
-0.3525390625,
0.5932617188,
-0.2634277344,
0.74609375,
-0.3583984375,
0.1551513672,
1.3076171875,
0.0697021484,
-0.0747070312,
1.1005859375,
-0.7260742188,
1.3896484375,
-0.4921875,
-0.0404052734,
0.4631347656,
-0.7221679688,
0.4072265625,
-0.114440918,
-0.7993164062,
1.02734375,
0.4860839844,
0.3686523438,
-0.453125,
0.6806640625,
-1.869140625,
0.2817382812,
-0.6669921875,
0.5092773438,
-0.8466796875,
0.1153564453,
0.5263671875,
0.4973144531,
-0.7260742188,
-0.541015625,
-0.1173095703,
-0.6293945312,
-0.1240844727,
0.1051025391,
-0.1580810547,
-0.7255859375,
0.48046875,
-0.9033203125,
0.134765625,
0.1608886719,
-0.8393554688,
-1.140625,
-0.0767822266,
-0.345703125,
-0.6616210938,
-0.6987304688
] |
Avicenna believed his "Floating Man" thought experiment demonstrated that the soul is a substance, and claimed humans cannot doubt their own consciousness, even in a situation that prevents all sensory data input. The thought experiment told its readers to imagine themselves created all at once while suspended in the air, isolated from all sensations, which includes no sensory contact with even their own bodies. He argued that, in this scenario, one would still have self-consciousness. Because it is conceivable that a person, suspended in air while cut off from sense experience, would still be capable of determining his own existence, the thought experiment points to the conclusions that the soul is a perfection, independent of the body, and an immaterial substance. The conceivability of this "Floating Man" indicates that the soul is perceived intellectually, which entails the soul's separateness from the body. Avicenna referred to the living human intelligence, particularly the active intellect, which he believed to be the hypostasis by which God communicates truth to the human mind and imparts order and intelligibility to nature. Following is an English translation of the argument:
However, Avicenna posited the brain as the place where reason interacts with sensation. Sensation prepares the soul to receive rational concepts from the universal Agent Intellect. The first knowledge of the flying person would be "I am," affirming his or her essence. That essence could not be the body, obviously, as the flying person has no sensation. | [
0.4514160156,
0.48828125,
0.3852539062,
-0.2961425781,
-0.2404785156,
0.4040527344,
1.38671875,
-0.2763671875,
-0.9130859375,
0.3811035156,
-1.037109375,
0.0252838135,
-0.0667724609,
0.0926513672,
-0.1525878906,
-0.7475585938,
-0.1773681641,
-0.5678710938,
0.3073730469,
0.4694824219,
-0.484375,
-0.4050292969,
0.3291015625,
-1.119140625,
0.0759887695,
-0.8662109375,
-0.1383056641,
0.2137451172,
0.2381591797,
0.2924804688,
0.4272460938,
0.71875,
-0.771484375,
-0.7299804688,
0.7944335938,
0.5634765625,
0.5610351562,
-0.62109375,
-0.4326171875,
0.8999023438,
-0.2041015625,
-0.4057617188,
-1.833984375,
-0.6796875,
0.2196044922,
0.298828125,
-0.8134765625,
-0.3642578125,
-1.177734375,
-1.064453125,
-0.4428710938,
0.4750976562,
0.0531616211,
-0.2166748047,
-0.3686523438,
0.4145507812,
0.5424804688,
-0.4084472656,
-0.4565429688,
-0.873046875,
0.7314453125,
-0.88671875,
1.0908203125,
-0.9677734375,
0.3293457031,
0.0040588379,
-0.572265625,
0.0138244629,
0.5170898438,
-0.0694580078,
-0.6103515625,
0.4475097656,
-0.8740234375,
-0.1185913086,
-0.1585693359,
-0.5864257812,
0.1724853516,
0.8935546875,
-0.1326904297,
-0.2487792969,
-0.0609436035,
-0.8901367188,
-0.3227539062,
-0.5625,
-0.5390625,
0.61328125,
0.1475830078,
-0.2392578125,
0.3317871094,
0.9169921875,
0.2797851562,
-0.049621582,
-0.1531982422,
0.4221191406,
-0.3017578125,
-0.6547851562,
0.2473144531,
-0.9243164062,
-1.1845703125,
-1.4189453125,
-0.8037109375,
-1.4599609375,
0.4150390625,
-0.1724853516,
0.8623046875,
1.40234375,
-0.5854492188,
-0.9399414062,
0.0874633789,
0.33203125,
0.4650878906,
-0.5522460938,
-0.5034179688,
0.2932128906,
-1.2470703125,
-0.0143051147,
-0.4233398438,
-0.615234375,
0.5893554688,
0.1704101562,
-0.4953613281,
0.5478515625,
0.0853881836,
-0.56640625,
0.0668334961,
0.3447265625,
-0.5302734375,
-0.869140625,
-0.6733398438,
0.685546875,
-0.7705078125,
0.3581542969,
-0.4130859375,
-0.2349853516,
-0.2192382812,
-0.5346679688,
0.3779296875,
0.0375366211,
-0.224609375,
-0.0035495758,
-0.1239624023,
-0.4704589844,
-1.2001953125,
0.7080078125,
0.1715087891,
-0.0027141571,
0.2467041016,
0.46484375,
0.2048339844,
-0.1553955078,
0.2299804688,
-0.2785644531,
0.102355957,
-0.0546264648,
-0.3388671875,
0.2247314453,
-0.0044250488,
-0.0168914795,
-0.9248046875,
-0.0624084473,
-0.1665039062,
-0.85546875,
0.36328125,
-0.9189453125,
-0.8251953125,
-0.25390625,
0.0752563477,
0.2946777344,
0.7241210938,
0.7377929688,
-0.267578125,
-0.2020263672,
0.2780761719,
-0.0093765259,
0.0292205811,
-1.189453125,
0.0944824219,
0.7446289062,
-0.5185546875,
-0.3266601562,
0.5234375,
-1.0048828125,
-0.1999511719,
-0.65234375,
0.3395996094,
-0.4753417969,
0.9252929688,
-0.0225830078,
0.4223632812,
-0.6772460938,
-0.3747558594,
0.1549072266,
-0.4282226562,
-0.875,
0.0466308594,
-0.2692871094,
-0.7133789062,
0.2917480469,
-0.1060791016,
-0.4208984375,
0.7641601562,
1.8466796875,
0.6108398438,
0.4797363281,
-0.1966552734,
-0.9560546875,
0.0151138306,
-0.3044433594,
0.5180664062,
-0.2683105469,
-1.2216796875,
0.1499023438,
0.576171875,
0.8818359375,
-0.3190917969,
-0.3864746094,
0.119140625,
-0.4685058594,
-0.0367126465,
-0.6625976562,
-0.3044433594,
-0.0777587891,
-0.7153320312,
1.4287109375,
-1.78125,
0.3325195312,
-0.99609375,
1.0927734375,
0.2719726562,
0.8608398438,
-0.1015625,
-1.1728515625,
-0.6328125,
-0.8471679688,
-0.4384765625,
-0.1052246094,
0.2244873047,
-0.2369384766,
-0.2880859375,
-0.5581054688,
0.8471679688,
-1.1318359375,
0.3200683594,
-1.431640625,
0.4443359375,
-0.095703125,
0.7602539062,
0.9462890625,
-0.4567871094,
-0.2990722656,
1.052734375,
0.2344970703,
-0.0825805664,
0.1707763672,
-0.6083984375,
-0.72265625,
-0.3562011719,
0.3413085938,
0.063659668,
1.3662109375,
-0.548828125,
-0.9838867188,
2.10546875,
-0.970703125,
-0.1920166016,
-0.1480712891,
-0.2666015625,
-0.3454589844,
0.20703125,
0.1958007812,
-0.4992675781,
-0.822265625,
0.1259765625,
-0.1358642578,
0.7963867188,
-0.0093231201,
-0.0871582031,
-0.384765625,
0.76171875,
-0.6909179688,
0.7978515625,
-0.8725585938,
-0.0993652344,
-0.4567871094,
0.5732421875,
-0.1770019531,
-0.2116699219,
0.2543945312,
-0.1380615234,
-0.2008056641,
0.0985717773,
-0.0903930664,
-0.7661132812,
-0.3740234375,
0.7109375,
-0.3002929688,
-0.7709960938,
1.2939453125,
0.6098632812,
-0.2766113281,
0.5180664062,
0.7822265625,
-0.169921875,
0.2120361328,
0.5229492188,
0.3022460938,
-1.126953125,
0.814453125,
0.6181640625,
-1.29296875,
-0.6938476562,
0.3713378906,
0.3486328125,
-0.7836914062,
-0.6171875,
0.7749023438,
0.0905151367,
-0.0457763672,
0.1737060547,
-0.3146972656,
0.0016002655,
-0.4577636719,
0.1843261719,
-0.2230224609,
-0.1966552734,
-0.2481689453,
0.1394042969,
0.736328125,
0.7045898438,
-0.416015625,
0.4382324219,
-0.68359375,
-0.6669921875,
0.3728027344,
0.5541992188,
0.3259277344,
0.0036239624,
0.6948242188,
-0.5151367188,
-0.6201171875,
1.248046875,
0.6010742188,
-0.2371826172,
-0.5283203125,
-0.2663574219,
0.3664550781,
-0.6176757812,
0.3354492188,
0.2709960938,
0.0055046082,
-0.0062789917,
-0.1990966797,
-0.66796875,
-0.1965332031,
0.0254364014,
0.1063842773,
-0.3168945312,
-0.2237548828,
0.2005615234,
1.26953125,
-0.2305908203,
-0.3767089844,
-0.4956054688,
-0.0042381287,
-1.2373046875,
-0.2844238281,
-0.2277832031,
0.2257080078,
0.1342773438,
-0.1982421875,
0.7983398438,
-0.279296875,
-0.8510742188,
-0.3962402344,
0.4184570312,
-0.3759765625,
-0.2565917969,
0.3474121094,
-0.3679199219,
-0.1041259766,
0.2425537109,
-0.7001953125,
-0.3740234375,
-1.1435546875,
0.4118652344,
-0.0260620117,
-0.4030761719,
0.255859375,
0.6450195312,
-0.3442382812,
0.1528320312,
1.263671875,
-0.0447998047,
-0.8100585938,
-0.1181640625,
-0.5263671875,
0.6630859375,
-1.0859375,
0.1452636719,
0.6591796875,
0.1135864258,
-0.876953125,
-0.1711425781,
-0.4609375,
-0.2709960938,
-0.6293945312,
2.85546875,
-0.1553955078,
0.4191894531,
-0.2060546875,
0.1787109375,
-0.0075950623,
0.1285400391,
0.4396972656,
0.32421875,
0.2214355469,
-0.7319335938,
0.2257080078,
0.7666015625,
1.1591796875,
-0.3322753906,
-0.3400878906,
-0.1058959961,
-0.5502929688,
0.1116333008,
0.6650390625,
0.4860839844,
0.0143585205,
0.3959960938,
-0.5693359375,
0.0988769531,
0.2827148438,
-0.1735839844,
0.8686523438,
1.4052734375,
-0.1882324219,
1.4765625,
-0.7641601562,
0.1870117188,
-0.3508300781,
0.43359375,
0.638671875,
-0.1600341797,
1.5654296875,
0.9028320312,
-0.8579101562,
-0.404296875,
-0.505859375,
0.0134429932,
-0.0651245117,
0.5908203125,
-0.6791992188,
2.380859375,
0.2064208984,
0.51171875,
0.3278808594,
0.7807617188,
0.2214355469,
-0.9951171875,
0.7680664062,
-0.4772949219,
-0.1951904297,
-0.3615722656,
-0.5751953125,
-0.2077636719,
-1.24609375,
-1.1962890625,
0.3215332031,
-0.2849121094,
-0.5102539062,
0.0332336426,
-0.2915039062,
0.6166992188,
-0.0714111328,
-1.017578125,
0.2308349609,
0.3186035156,
0.6010742188,
-0.0541687012,
0.7133789062,
0.2049560547,
-0.1262207031,
-0.7036132812,
-0.0679321289,
0.564453125,
-0.8374023438,
0.5009765625,
-0.2661132812,
-0.2761230469,
-1.8828125,
0.0215454102,
0.7309570312,
-0.3544921875,
0.1137695312,
-0.5034179688,
0.859375,
0.0385742188,
-0.4965820312,
-0.9155273438,
-0.3161621094,
-0.1888427734,
-0.7719726562,
-0.2585449219,
-0.3686523438,
-0.4733886719,
1.16796875,
0.0627441406,
-0.1265869141,
0.3684082031,
-0.4479980469,
-0.0967407227,
-0.1068115234,
2.21875,
-0.4001464844,
0.5561523438,
0.3503417969,
-0.4047851562,
0.0051460266,
-0.2030029297,
-0.1771240234,
-0.4353027344,
-0.1362304688,
-0.2861328125,
-1.533203125,
-0.8481445312,
-0.54296875,
0.3405761719,
-0.6684570312,
0.2683105469,
0.0538330078,
-0.1983642578,
0.4431152344,
-0.1752929688,
-1.0029296875,
-0.3815917969,
-1.3193359375,
-0.0182189941,
1.2685546875,
-0.3051757812,
0.9321289062,
0.6860351562,
-0.78515625,
-0.4582519531,
-0.0531921387,
1.0556640625,
0.1203613281,
-0.007610321,
0.8427734375,
0.7690429688,
0.5444335938,
0.4235839844,
0.0918579102,
0.011177063,
0.765625,
-0.3918457031,
-0.76171875,
-0.2819824219,
-0.4721679688,
0.4416503906,
0.1323242188,
0.0574645996,
0.4968261719,
0.2009277344,
0.4460449219,
0.5029296875,
0.8911132812,
0.208984375,
-1.203125,
-0.6318359375,
-0.0577392578,
-0.3288574219,
-1.009765625,
0.8745117188,
1.0068359375,
-0.3530273438,
-0.1010131836,
0.2086181641,
-0.0316772461,
0.8256835938,
-0.0335388184,
0.1079101562,
0.7338867188,
-0.6303710938,
-0.5703125,
0.2431640625,
0.2215576172,
0.2145996094,
-0.0972900391,
-0.1591796875,
-1.376953125,
-0.4399414062,
-0.1380615234,
-0.6298828125,
-0.3103027344,
0.8627929688,
1.2177734375,
-3.02734375,
-0.1462402344,
0.6928710938,
-0.1055297852,
-0.0423278809,
-0.1446533203,
0.74609375,
1,
0.4770507812,
-0.1485595703,
0.2346191406,
1.3876953125,
-0.2917480469,
0.1041259766,
0.5053710938,
-0.6982421875,
0.8383789062,
0.3610839844,
0.4597167969,
1.412109375,
-0.0834960938,
-0.0273742676,
-0.1854248047,
-0.0455932617,
0.9443359375,
-0.2043457031,
0.2253417969,
-0.794921875,
0.2604980469,
0.4274902344,
-0.51953125,
0.361328125,
0.259765625,
-0.0437316895,
-0.404296875,
-0.4658203125,
-0.1363525391,
1.103515625,
-0.9604492188,
0.833984375,
-0.4289550781,
1.1650390625,
0.2685546875,
1.3720703125,
0.2761230469,
0.4892578125,
0.2575683594,
0.1989746094,
-0.1165771484,
-0.1599121094,
-0.1812744141,
-0.1899414062,
-0.6674804688,
0.1304931641,
0.3381347656,
-0.3718261719,
0.6962890625,
0.552734375,
-0.7919921875,
-0.537109375,
-0.3120117188,
-2.046875,
1.8466796875,
-0.1323242188,
-0.3400878906,
0.4172363281,
0.0559997559,
0.1340332031,
-1.267578125,
-0.1348876953,
0.515625,
0.4501953125,
-0.8354492188,
0.6684570312,
0.6064453125,
-1.2470703125,
-0.0219726562,
1.7822265625,
-0.1397705078,
-0.0942382812,
-0.7709960938,
0.9838867188,
0.5454101562,
0.9091796875,
0.2626953125,
1.287109375,
-0.81640625,
0.2524414062,
-1.00390625,
0.6127929688,
0.1518554688,
0.1248168945,
-0.6176757812,
0.023727417,
-0.5610351562,
0.4580078125,
-1.2802734375,
-0.1089477539,
0.0156707764,
0.0517272949,
-0.6645507812,
0.5361328125,
-0.8364257812,
0.685546875,
0.4750976562,
0.8989257812,
-1.3935546875,
-0.5205078125,
0.0879516602,
0.2203369141,
0.2023925781,
-0.5083007812,
1.26953125,
-0.6572265625,
0.1209106445,
0.4914550781,
0.6010742188,
-0.8403320312,
-0.3811035156,
0.71484375,
-0.796875,
-0.4274902344,
0.8491210938,
0.23046875,
-0.2338867188,
1.05859375,
-0.0471191406,
0.1086425781,
0.4880371094,
-1.255859375,
0.0846557617,
-0.0661621094,
0.3979492188,
0.369140625,
0.1245117188,
0.8916015625,
-0.4045410156,
0.6279296875,
0.400390625,
1.20703125,
0.6899414062,
0.0114974976,
-0.2208251953,
0.6489257812,
0.8862304688,
-0.8461914062,
-0.0155029297,
1.2373046875,
-0.7065429688,
0.75390625,
0.9331054688,
0.5073242188,
0.6767578125,
-0.3088378906,
-0.6538085938,
0.3232421875,
0.6186523438,
1.0634765625,
-0.8305664062,
-0.2797851562,
0.1158447266,
-0.8833007812,
0.3889160156,
0.3681640625,
0.4377441406,
-0.0739746094,
0.298828125,
0.0451049805,
0.2692871094,
-0.5751953125,
-0.3745117188,
0.8540039062,
0.5048828125,
0.1071777344,
0.1888427734,
-0.1748046875,
-0.1011352539,
-0.4223632812,
-0.1317138672,
-0.0231781006,
1.1884765625,
-0.7890625,
0.5532226562,
0.9545898438,
-0.61328125,
-0.7119140625,
0.0826416016,
0.2125244141,
-1.087890625,
-0.0685424805,
0.5786132812,
0.4509277344,
-1.4833984375,
0.4340820312,
-0.2165527344,
-0.0620727539,
-0.177734375,
-0.069152832,
-0.6030273438,
-0.7114257812,
-0.140625,
-0.7958984375,
-0.1036376953,
0.1887207031,
0.4611816406,
0.2854003906,
0.7954101562,
-0.2873535156,
-0.4943847656,
0.3659667969,
0.1866455078,
-0.544921875,
-0.73046875,
0.353515625,
0.5234375,
1.1943359375,
-0.2778320312,
0.951171875,
0.1495361328,
-1.111328125,
0.9506835938,
0.9819335938,
0.2205810547,
0.5795898438,
0.4038085938,
1.0869140625,
0.3376464844,
0.8095703125,
-0.0927734375,
-0.212890625,
0.1434326172,
-0.6015625,
-0.7055664062,
-0.6005859375,
-0.7514648438,
0.9697265625,
-0.5947265625,
0.5600585938,
0.5327148438,
0.2973632812,
0.57421875,
0.9462890625,
-0.2963867188,
0.011505127,
-0.90234375,
-0.681640625,
-0.0682983398,
-0.3669433594,
0.1333007812,
0.5234375,
0.7270507812,
-0.7114257812,
0.6469726562,
-0.1018676758,
0.2136230469,
0.3869628906,
-0.4140625,
0.2978515625,
-0.2521972656,
-0.4523925781,
0.1320800781,
-0.1687011719,
-0.3093261719,
-0.4643554688,
0.1956787109,
1.0283203125,
-1.3623046875,
-0.5483398438,
-0.6474609375,
0.0446777344,
-0.5034179688,
-0.0248718262,
1.3046875,
0.3234863281,
0.5498046875,
0.1683349609,
-0.4523925781,
-0.5224609375,
-0.8984375,
-0.55078125,
-0.2690429688,
-0.5776367188,
-0.1260986328,
-0.50390625,
-0.3647460938,
0.3186035156,
0.2039794922,
-0.0136108398,
-0.2775878906,
-0.3544921875,
0.2229003906,
-0.3676757812,
-0.6469726562,
0.8813476562,
-0.4846191406,
-0.5595703125,
0.5649414062,
1.1806640625,
0.2993164062,
-0.0740356445,
0.2641601562,
0.046081543,
0.0290985107,
-1.1064453125,
-0.3410644531,
-0.3239746094,
-0.6850585938,
-0.5458984375,
0.2064208984,
0.3762207031,
0.2443847656,
-0.0182647705,
-0.1480712891,
0.7358398438,
-1.4033203125,
-0.2154541016,
0.4633789062,
0.2102050781,
-1.287109375,
0.4157714844,
0.0547790527,
0.5048828125,
0.0013542175,
0.1976318359,
-0.3256835938,
-0.5112304688,
0.2614746094,
0.1187744141,
-0.8662109375,
-0.4360351562,
-0.1745605469,
-0.3190917969,
-1.5439453125,
0.6586914062,
0.7060546875,
1.318359375,
0.5366210938,
-0.038848877,
0.3571777344,
0.5766601562,
-0.0352478027,
-0.6293945312,
0.3671875,
0.8745117188,
0.1899414062,
-1.453125,
-12.453125,
-0.9682617188,
0.349609375,
-1.28125,
-0.9536132812,
-0.2408447266,
0.21484375,
0.0097808838,
0.0772705078,
0.3310546875,
-0.3498535156,
0.9370117188,
-1.3935546875,
-0.6923828125,
-0.6499023438,
0.2000732422,
0.0048561096,
-0.3771972656,
0.2509765625,
-0.0709228516,
0.4655761719,
0.6069335938,
-0.7514648438,
1.0302734375,
0.1994628906,
-0.2344970703,
-0.3798828125,
-0.599609375,
0.3256835938,
-0.9873046875,
0.1917724609,
0.1527099609,
-0.7387695312,
0.802734375,
-0.4636230469,
0.4221191406,
-0.7221679688,
0.0403747559,
0.8408203125,
-0.0391235352,
0.1116333008,
0.91796875,
-0.7065429688,
0.9775390625,
-1.287109375,
-0.4240722656,
0.1748046875,
-0.5751953125,
-0.3342285156,
-0.4125976562,
0.3293457031,
1.541015625,
-0.1656494141,
0.3776855469,
-0.986328125,
0.8383789062,
-1.3779296875,
0.9462890625,
-0.4677734375,
0.0448608398,
-0.35546875,
-0.3103027344,
0.58203125,
0.8549804688,
-0.93359375,
-0.8701171875,
-1.169921875,
-0.7446289062,
0.4450683594,
-0.6694335938,
-0.078918457,
-0.1431884766,
1.0546875,
-0.6708984375,
0.3405761719,
0.7861328125,
-0.4169921875,
-1.4208984375,
-0.3349609375,
-0.5771484375,
-1.162109375,
-0.5576171875
] |
Thus, the knowledge that "I am" is the core of a human being: the soul exists and is self-aware. Avicenna thus concluded that the idea of the self is not logically dependent on any physical thing, and that the soul should not be seen in relative terms, but as a primary given, a substance. The body is unnecessary; in relation to it, the soul is its perfection. In itself, the soul is an immaterial substance. The Canon of Medicine
Avicenna authored a five-volume medical encyclopedia: The Canon of Medicine (Al-Qanun fi't-Tibb). It was used as the standard medical textbook in the Islamic world and Europe up to the 18th century. The Canon still plays an important role in Unani medicine. Liber Primus Naturalium
Avicenna considered whether events like rare diseases or disorders have natural causes. He used the example of polydactyly to explain his perception that causal reasons exist for all medical events. This view of medical phenomena anticipated developments in the Enlightenment by seven centuries. The Book of Healing
Earth sciences
Avicenna wrote on Earth sciences such as geology in The Book of Healing. While discussing the formation of mountains, he explained:
Philosophy of science
In the Al-Burhan (On Demonstration) section of The Book of Healing, Avicenna discussed the philosophy of science and described an early scientific method of inquiry. He discussed Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and significantly diverged from it on several points. Avicenna discussed the issue of a proper methodology for scientific inquiry and the question of "How does one acquire the first principles of a science?" | [
0.5512695312,
-0.1139526367,
1.0654296875,
0.2062988281,
-0.1221313477,
0.732421875,
0.0164489746,
-0.0563354492,
-1.2158203125,
0.3227539062,
0.1687011719,
0.1717529297,
-0.1563720703,
-0.1424560547,
0.0183868408,
-0.603515625,
-0.1771240234,
-0.3229980469,
-0.0065917969,
0.0211639404,
0.4084472656,
-0.501953125,
0.3452148438,
-1.5166015625,
-1.0166015625,
-0.1711425781,
0.7270507812,
-0.5883789062,
-0.0979003906,
0.0401611328,
0.8247070312,
0.8544921875,
0.1934814453,
-0.0411071777,
-0.2712402344,
0.3818359375,
0.529296875,
-0.94140625,
-0.5341796875,
0.2322998047,
-1.1640625,
-1.13671875,
-1.1318359375,
-0.0037593842,
0.4421386719,
0.7587890625,
0.0768432617,
-0.51171875,
-0.4709472656,
-1.150390625,
-1.12890625,
1.029296875,
-0.0208740234,
0.2362060547,
-0.4350585938,
0.2585449219,
0.2897949219,
-0.4250488281,
-0.2464599609,
-0.5849609375,
0.5463867188,
-0.5810546875,
0.2010498047,
-0.5249023438,
0.8579101562,
-0.6328125,
-0.7592773438,
-0.4235839844,
0.5434570312,
1.0126953125,
-1.0859375,
0.059173584,
-0.62109375,
0.5771484375,
-0.919921875,
-0.0368041992,
-0.1623535156,
0.8374023438,
0.3994140625,
0.1809082031,
0.0374755859,
-0.564453125,
-0.748046875,
-0.4812011719,
0.0918579102,
0.8930664062,
0.53515625,
-0.20703125,
-0.1900634766,
1.2275390625,
0.6791992188,
-0.6479492188,
-0.3754882812,
0.3483886719,
0.5004882812,
-0.2839355469,
0.2268066406,
-0.2431640625,
-0.6337890625,
-1.1552734375,
-0.3671875,
-1.6220703125,
0.4848632812,
-0.3369140625,
0.4548339844,
0.1322021484,
-0.8481445312,
-0.7880859375,
0.2976074219,
0.4333496094,
0.3032226562,
-0.4750976562,
-0.0717773438,
0.0147781372,
0.3559570312,
-0.4343261719,
0.43359375,
0.8168945312,
-0.5,
-0.634765625,
0.2885742188,
0.5219726562,
0.0603942871,
0.3254394531,
0.2922363281,
0.373046875,
-0.7587890625,
-0.1055297852,
0.0755615234,
0.361328125,
-0.671875,
-0.1811523438,
0.283203125,
-0.6245117188,
0.3134765625,
-0.7915039062,
-0.7280273438,
0.2205810547,
-0.1549072266,
0.1888427734,
-0.4348144531,
0.7319335938,
-0.83203125,
0.8076171875,
-0.2360839844,
-0.7309570312,
-0.22265625,
0.5747070312,
0.2568359375,
-0.5756835938,
-0.0830688477,
-0.62109375,
0.9702148438,
0.4172363281,
0.012260437,
-0.337890625,
-0.2709960938,
-0.0650024414,
-0.8291015625,
-0.2379150391,
-0.2260742188,
0.0745849609,
0.2568359375,
-0.1574707031,
-0.1872558594,
0.4267578125,
-0.935546875,
0.0416259766,
0.966796875,
-0.095703125,
-0.267578125,
1.056640625,
0.3649902344,
-0.2600097656,
0.0689086914,
-0.0954589844,
0.8032226562,
0.1518554688,
-0.4548339844,
-0.0547790527,
0.1430664062,
-1.0751953125,
0.3176269531,
-0.1569824219,
-0.0166931152,
-0.6298828125,
0.0111236572,
-0.6513671875,
-0.2053222656,
-0.0200195312,
-0.1652832031,
0.5620117188,
-0.1744384766,
-0.1673583984,
-1.4462890625,
-1.01171875,
-0.0866699219,
0.5883789062,
-0.8657226562,
0.2595214844,
0.3383789062,
0.4052734375,
-0.7158203125,
0.625,
-0.0556640625,
-0.7578125,
0.287109375,
0.5107421875,
0.3015136719,
-1.1162109375,
-0.1181640625,
0.626953125,
0.0637817383,
0.1107177734,
-0.7158203125,
0.3312988281,
-0.1956787109,
-0.1788330078,
0.3774414062,
-0.7314453125,
0.1057128906,
-0.2619628906,
-1.4306640625,
0.8671875,
-1.5791015625,
1.06640625,
-1.1982421875,
1.5537109375,
0.3940429688,
0.6806640625,
0.296875,
-0.6274414062,
-0.6416015625,
-0.4555664062,
0.2719726562,
-0.6137695312,
0.7954101562,
-0.8002929688,
-0.2049560547,
0.2165527344,
0.3767089844,
-0.4084472656,
0.1267089844,
-0.1787109375,
0.9047851562,
0.7158203125,
0.3005371094,
1.0029296875,
0.2164306641,
0.3911132812,
0.9189453125,
0.3625488281,
-0.2802734375,
0.6142578125,
-0.4221191406,
-0.2866210938,
-0.0591125488,
0.1888427734,
0.2807617188,
0.3752441406,
-0.4130859375,
-0.3283691406,
0.6235351562,
-0.6547851562,
0.0731811523,
-0.5244140625,
-0.3828125,
-0.833984375,
0.5454101562,
0.3100585938,
-0.1893310547,
-0.6459960938,
0.1384277344,
-0.26953125,
1.26953125,
0.2746582031,
0.2059326172,
-1.318359375,
-0.1160888672,
0.279296875,
0.3522949219,
-0.8471679688,
0.685546875,
-0.2978515625,
0.1956787109,
0.3833007812,
0.818359375,
0.9755859375,
0.8603515625,
-0.3835449219,
-0.0548706055,
-0.8544921875,
-0.3371582031,
0.5717773438,
0.3759765625,
0.2131347656,
-0.0278778076,
0.5170898438,
0.3037109375,
0.0833129883,
1.31640625,
0.5859375,
0.4213867188,
1.04296875,
0.9155273438,
0.3134765625,
-1.0419921875,
0.7290039062,
0.611328125,
-0.5092773438,
-0.1145629883,
-0.5908203125,
-0.1551513672,
0.7158203125,
-0.2734375,
0.5732421875,
-0.8930664062,
-0.3137207031,
0.3090820312,
-0.0486755371,
-0.4479980469,
-0.6323242188,
0.0018405914,
0.3061523438,
-0.3044433594,
0.40234375,
-0.1604003906,
-0.0813598633,
0.4274902344,
-0.2924804688,
0.100402832,
0.0311584473,
-0.4963378906,
0.775390625,
0.4790039062,
0.7333984375,
0.8540039062,
0.912109375,
-0.0388183594,
-0.4741210938,
0.6484375,
0.5639648438,
0.0366516113,
0.2902832031,
0.2271728516,
0.7524414062,
-0.2802734375,
0.3073730469,
0.3515625,
-0.0847167969,
0.5830078125,
0.3801269531,
-0.9526367188,
-0.365234375,
0.1884765625,
0.9296875,
0.06640625,
-0.2155761719,
0.3000488281,
0.2810058594,
-0.4052734375,
-0.54296875,
-1.3408203125,
0.1673583984,
-0.9614257812,
-0.2138671875,
-0.1495361328,
-0.7768554688,
-0.0256652832,
0.0903320312,
0.6455078125,
-0.2321777344,
-1.5009765625,
-1.1123046875,
-0.0541992188,
-0.3718261719,
-0.6337890625,
1.203125,
-0.32421875,
-0.6533203125,
-0.2961425781,
-0.0070571899,
-0.6528320312,
-0.0930786133,
0.5786132812,
0.0168151855,
-0.6127929688,
-0.1912841797,
-0.1489257812,
-0.0233459473,
0.2814941406,
0.4282226562,
-0.5004882812,
-0.2609863281,
0.71484375,
-0.8774414062,
0.0582275391,
-0.9150390625,
0.4318847656,
0.3132324219,
0.4150390625,
0.0669555664,
-0.84375,
-0.2261962891,
-0.3984375,
-1.029296875,
1.99609375,
-0.5078125,
0.5776367188,
0.3395996094,
-0.515625,
-0.3637695312,
-0.3679199219,
1.1953125,
-0.0483093262,
0.1181640625,
-1.375,
0.0979614258,
0.533203125,
-0.002538681,
-0.3063964844,
-0.4584960938,
0.7490234375,
-0.3195800781,
-0.2149658203,
1.076171875,
0.1439208984,
0.5463867188,
0.2001953125,
-0.4436035156,
-1.0166015625,
-0.8442382812,
-0.6318359375,
-0.2025146484,
0.533203125,
0.2612304688,
0.8725585938,
-0.4782714844,
0.5366210938,
-0.4548339844,
0.6479492188,
0.9897460938,
-0.8696289062,
1.18359375,
0.9838867188,
0.4008789062,
0.2854003906,
-1.1572265625,
0.1733398438,
-0.2039794922,
0.1381835938,
-0.1912841797,
1.7392578125,
-0.892578125,
0.9995117188,
0.1220092773,
0.384765625,
0.310546875,
-1.1826171875,
1.7255859375,
0.4045410156,
-0.2839355469,
-0.654296875,
0.1947021484,
-0.6323242188,
-2.072265625,
-0.9819335938,
0.525390625,
0.1354980469,
0.2257080078,
-0.6674804688,
-0.1174316406,
0.1568603516,
-0.2163085938,
-0.4965820312,
0.5244140625,
0.9692382812,
0.7109375,
-0.0125579834,
0.4670410156,
-0.1463623047,
0.1733398438,
-0.4174804688,
-0.599609375,
0.1042480469,
-0.8442382812,
-0.2517089844,
-0.85546875,
0.318359375,
-1.052734375,
0.3327636719,
-0.1683349609,
-0.7319335938,
0.744140625,
-0.265625,
-0.4169921875,
0.1683349609,
-0.3352050781,
-1.2939453125,
-0.2741699219,
-0.4775390625,
-0.0598449707,
-0.1607666016,
-0.37890625,
-0.5751953125,
0.9858398438,
0.0046157837,
-0.4868164062,
0.5102539062,
0.5385742188,
-0.5747070312,
-0.6728515625,
1.9423828125,
-0.4484863281,
-0.1489257812,
0.0011978149,
-1.2587890625,
0.2028808594,
-0.0728759766,
0.1745605469,
-0.0251312256,
0.0746459961,
-0.2856445312,
-1.416015625,
-1.08984375,
-0.1737060547,
0.1274414062,
-0.9560546875,
0.328125,
0.1028442383,
-0.0559387207,
0.4455566406,
-0.2976074219,
-1.04296875,
-0.6469726562,
-0.93359375,
0.0664672852,
1.1044921875,
0.4140625,
1.0478515625,
0.7182617188,
-0.3474121094,
-0.3249511719,
-0.3876953125,
1.5244140625,
0.5288085938,
0.9033203125,
0.1550292969,
0.0523071289,
0.0264892578,
0.287109375,
-0.2785644531,
-0.322265625,
1.1923828125,
-0.2137451172,
-0.1568603516,
-0.2224121094,
-0.5463867188,
0.6049804688,
0.1448974609,
-1.0107421875,
-0.2580566406,
0.306640625,
-0.0488586426,
0.4006347656,
0.7470703125,
0.3154296875,
-1.0595703125,
-0.7119140625,
-0.90234375,
-0.3706054688,
-0.1429443359,
1.5244140625,
-0.197265625,
-0.1571044922,
-0.7280273438,
-0.0745849609,
-0.4338378906,
1.15625,
0.80078125,
-1.02734375,
0.1336669922,
-1.0849609375,
-1.1640625,
0.6342773438,
1.28515625,
0.6005859375,
-0.7924804688,
-0.1020507812,
-1.291015625,
-0.2727050781,
0.0080108643,
-0.0854492188,
0.2375488281,
0.6655273438,
0.6733398438,
-2.00390625,
-0.5766601562,
0.5083007812,
0.31640625,
-0.1588134766,
-0.2375488281,
1.56640625,
0.3073730469,
-0.0786132812,
-0.66796875,
0.0989379883,
1.5,
0.0645751953,
0.453125,
0.6977539062,
-0.1573486328,
0.6552734375,
-0.026260376,
-0.3068847656,
0.6728515625,
0.0421447754,
-0.2493896484,
-0.1200561523,
-1.357421875,
-0.3188476562,
0.7075195312,
0.8940429688,
0.2534179688,
0.0455322266,
0.0677490234,
-0.4174804688,
0.1729736328,
0.2137451172,
0.3295898438,
-0.2438964844,
-0.7587890625,
-0.3833007812,
0.7548828125,
-0.580078125,
0.60546875,
-0.81640625,
1.201171875,
0.1096191406,
0.7153320312,
0.4357910156,
0.32421875,
-0.5854492188,
-0.6333007812,
-0.4204101562,
-0.5649414062,
0.6162109375,
0.0813598633,
-0.86328125,
0.62109375,
0.2888183594,
0.3962402344,
0.8559570312,
0.6293945312,
-0.5375976562,
-0.1402587891,
0.0640869141,
-1.8251953125,
1.052734375,
-0.2159423828,
-0.027130127,
0.4599609375,
-0.4094238281,
-0.2944335938,
-1.123046875,
-0.0038547516,
-0.3994140625,
-0.0993652344,
-0.5634765625,
-0.7709960938,
-0.2612304688,
-0.6196289062,
0.0122909546,
1.408203125,
0.1478271484,
-0.2277832031,
0.7075195312,
0.1965332031,
0.0672607422,
1.4921875,
-0.1094970703,
0.6142578125,
-0.1352539062,
0.931640625,
-0.3337402344,
-0.2883300781,
0.4450683594,
-0.2707519531,
-0.6259765625,
-0.1285400391,
-0.4445800781,
-1.0078125,
-0.263671875,
0.7890625,
0.0258178711,
-0.6357421875,
-0.0853881836,
0.4040527344,
0.5346679688,
-0.1428222656,
0.4128417969,
-0.0248260498,
-0.4802246094,
-0.4265136719,
-0.0972900391,
1.30078125,
-1.439453125,
-0.6401367188,
-0.0930175781,
-0.1704101562,
-0.5454101562,
-0.0653076172,
0.5712890625,
-0.6875,
-0.291015625,
1.45703125,
-1.5322265625,
-0.1363525391,
0.2797851562,
-0.0723876953,
0.1073608398,
1.1787109375,
0.0472412109,
-0.3110351562,
-0.3969726562,
-1.513671875,
-0.0910644531,
-0.748046875,
0.072265625,
0.0485839844,
-0.1259765625,
0.3828125,
-0.6162109375,
0.244140625,
0.0537719727,
0.4020996094,
-0.2496337891,
0.8408203125,
-0.5825195312,
0.1457519531,
0.6533203125,
-0.0212554932,
0.2470703125,
0.990234375,
-0.9677734375,
-0.3991699219,
1.5458984375,
0.3896484375,
-0.5068359375,
-0.8720703125,
-0.0913696289,
0.4685058594,
-0.0643920898,
0.814453125,
-0.5263671875,
-0.1976318359,
-0.0789794922,
-1.5830078125,
-0.1478271484,
1.04296875,
0.3234863281,
0.7690429688,
0.4921875,
-0.3276367188,
-0.1420898438,
-0.1824951172,
0.1403808594,
0.8232421875,
0.8686523438,
-0.2712402344,
-0.65625,
0.3459472656,
0.4438476562,
-0.046081543,
0.5004882812,
-0.2802734375,
0.6713867188,
-0.1986083984,
-0.0245056152,
1.125,
-1.30859375,
-0.8237304688,
0.748046875,
0.8403320312,
-0.4365234375,
0.0402526855,
0.6767578125,
0.2875976562,
-2.470703125,
-0.0145187378,
0.5493164062,
0.0410766602,
0.2900390625,
0.9165039062,
-0.0643310547,
-0.2377929688,
0.1184692383,
-0.5439453125,
-0.3735351562,
-0.1662597656,
0.0410766602,
0.0994873047,
-0.01197052,
-0.6567382812,
-0.794921875,
0.4738769531,
0.8256835938,
-0.6713867188,
0.1018066406,
0.1844482422,
-0.8447265625,
1.0234375,
-0.35546875,
0.5888671875,
0.3884277344,
-0.5698242188,
-0.023651123,
0.2648925781,
-0.2401123047,
0.1779785156,
0.9541015625,
0.3999023438,
0.552734375,
0.1489257812,
0.6479492188,
-0.0881347656,
0.7006835938,
-0.9790039062,
-0.4594726562,
-0.89453125,
-0.4741210938,
0.0930786133,
-0.1838378906,
0.4958496094,
0.3828125,
0.767578125,
0.2534179688,
0.6279296875,
-0.4992675781,
-0.6762695312,
0.1357421875,
-0.1975097656,
0.0934448242,
0.2631835938,
0.1364746094,
-0.3720703125,
1.3798828125,
-0.1873779297,
0.2313232422,
-0.3459472656,
0.3369140625,
-0.059387207,
0.0975952148,
-0.1427001953,
-0.4790039062,
-0.8256835938,
-0.1311035156,
-1.466796875,
0.0853271484,
0.3095703125,
-0.2291259766,
0.5166015625,
-1.4375,
-0.0485839844,
-0.0424194336,
-0.5224609375,
-0.3745117188,
-0.6186523438,
0.7548828125,
-0.5014648438,
0.7514648438,
0.1026000977,
-0.0794677734,
-0.3662109375,
-1.4892578125,
-0.0279083252,
-0.779296875,
-0.4252929688,
-0.5815429688,
0.7485351562,
-0.0202026367,
-0.0983276367,
-0.3930664062,
-0.1964111328,
-0.7607421875,
0.3681640625,
-0.1658935547,
-0.4814453125,
-0.5791015625,
-0.0785522461,
-0.9599609375,
-0.2993164062,
0.94140625,
0.4577636719,
-0.2770996094,
-0.7670898438,
-0.0090026855,
-0.1084594727,
0.0295257568,
-0.3911132812,
-0.4926757812,
0.0589599609,
0.0852661133,
0.2629394531,
0.1800537109,
0.3930664062,
0.498046875,
-0.2763671875,
0.8291015625,
1.0400390625,
-1.662109375,
-0.0393066406,
-0.0856933594,
0.2429199219,
0.0316467285,
0.5278320312,
-0.2041015625,
-0.0556335449,
0.6030273438,
0.5473632812,
0.3740234375,
-1.3828125,
0.2034912109,
-0.66796875,
-0.8818359375,
-0.2893066406,
0.3481445312,
0.455078125,
0.6123046875,
0.2395019531,
1.1435546875,
0.529296875,
0.638671875,
0.1508789062,
0.2944335938,
1.2333984375,
-0.0729370117,
-0.6279296875,
0.5419921875,
0.2805175781,
0.3728027344,
-1.2060546875,
-13.1328125,
-1.6513671875,
0.9389648438,
-0.2998046875,
-0.7504882812,
-0.1860351562,
1.1767578125,
-0.8168945312,
-0.3591308594,
0.2231445312,
0.1669921875,
1.1328125,
-0.9711914062,
-0.9536132812,
-0.1115722656,
-0.1629638672,
-0.650390625,
-0.474609375,
0.9555664062,
0.1090087891,
0.0500488281,
0.8505859375,
-0.4104003906,
0.7504882812,
-0.6303710938,
0.3400878906,
-0.076965332,
-0.4528808594,
-0.3659667969,
0.2651367188,
-0.2624511719,
0.2590332031,
-0.6899414062,
1.1025390625,
-0.494140625,
0.8706054688,
0.0202941895,
0.259765625,
-0.421875,
-0.1274414062,
-0.1120605469,
0.2322998047,
-0.650390625,
0.6352539062,
-0.2492675781,
-0.2829589844,
0.5068359375,
-0.1348876953,
-0.6010742188,
-0.53125,
-0.8237304688,
1.4287109375,
0.8051757812,
0.9575195312,
-1.1240234375,
0.607421875,
-1.74609375,
0.76171875,
-0.3354492188,
0.0400085449,
-0.9428710938,
-0.0469665527,
0.1202392578,
0.552734375,
-1.3818359375,
-0.4409179688,
-0.3037109375,
-0.6435546875,
-0.2912597656,
-0.1232910156,
0.2629394531,
-0.3364257812,
0.0447692871,
-0.357421875,
0.919921875,
0.2377929688,
-0.32421875,
-1.0673828125,
-0.27734375,
-0.1395263672,
-0.7065429688,
-0.7958984375
] |
He asked how a scientist would arrive at "the initial axioms or hypotheses of a deductive science without inferring them from some more basic premises?" He explained that the ideal situation is when one grasps that a "relation holds between the terms, which would allow for absolute, universal certainty". Avicenna then added two further methods for arriving at the first principles: the ancient Aristotelian method of induction (istiqra), and the method of examination and experimentation (tajriba). Avicenna criticized Aristotelian induction, arguing that "it does not lead to the absolute, universal, and certain premises that it purports to provide." In its place, he developed a "method of experimentation as a means for scientific inquiry." Logic
An early formal system of temporal logic was studied by Avicenna. Although he did not develop a real theory of temporal propositions, he did study the relationship between temporalis and the implication. Avicenna's work was further developed by Najm al-Dīn al-Qazwīnī al-Kātibī and became the dominant system of Islamic logic until modern times. Avicennian logic also influenced several early European logicians such as Albertus Magnus and William of Ockham. Avicenna endorsed the law of non-contradiction proposed by Aristotle, that a fact could not be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense of the terminology used. He stated, "Anyone who denies the law of non-contradiction should be beaten and burned until he admits that to be beaten is not the same as not to be beaten, and to be burned is not the same as not to be burned." | [
0.427734375,
0.35546875,
1.23046875,
-0.1437988281,
-0.4123535156,
0.0645141602,
0.1331787109,
0.4379882812,
-1.33203125,
0.1536865234,
0.0180206299,
0.3562011719,
-0.0322875977,
-0.1115722656,
-0.013633728,
-0.2386474609,
-0.3505859375,
-0.1815185547,
0.1995849609,
-0.2231445312,
0.0581054688,
-1.3916015625,
0.4719238281,
-1.3017578125,
-0.0313110352,
-0.5078125,
-0.1153564453,
0.611328125,
0.6450195312,
0.2770996094,
0.8134765625,
0.2521972656,
0.1380615234,
-0.6591796875,
-0.2131347656,
0.3466796875,
0.826171875,
-0.7299804688,
-0.6337890625,
-0.3676757812,
-0.7431640625,
-0.6987304688,
-0.7104492188,
-0.3950195312,
0.6357421875,
0.0757446289,
-0.0859375,
-0.8061523438,
-0.666015625,
-0.8286132812,
-0.7626953125,
-0.1478271484,
-1.0029296875,
0.0477294922,
-0.0283966064,
-0.3020019531,
0.2802734375,
-1.1826171875,
0.1571044922,
-1.4453125,
-0.0307922363,
-0.3315429688,
0.5869140625,
-0.9907226562,
0.1982421875,
-0.3188476562,
-1.068359375,
-0.619140625,
0.78125,
0.439453125,
-1.419921875,
-0.1719970703,
-0.9638671875,
0.2484130859,
-0.4255371094,
-0.3469238281,
-0.4233398438,
0.8759765625,
0.2268066406,
0.1782226562,
-0.2008056641,
-1.296875,
-0.4130859375,
-1.1123046875,
-0.0789794922,
0.5712890625,
1.0859375,
-0.078125,
0.2274169922,
0.6098632812,
0.6630859375,
-0.6533203125,
-0.4426269531,
-0.2000732422,
0.271484375,
0.552734375,
0.0241241455,
-0.7084960938,
-0.5712890625,
-0.83203125,
-0.8310546875,
-0.9970703125,
0.9497070312,
-0.5600585938,
0.1569824219,
0.5625,
-1.0400390625,
-0.6162109375,
-0.2137451172,
0.2446289062,
0.0107040405,
-0.7524414062,
-0.0614929199,
0.1434326172,
0.3696289062,
-0.3039550781,
-0.2121582031,
-0.3840332031,
-0.791015625,
-0.671875,
0.2456054688,
0.763671875,
-0.1017456055,
-0.0587768555,
0.69140625,
-0.2590332031,
-0.5717773438,
-0.0132293701,
-0.1815185547,
-0.1704101562,
-0.4738769531,
0.2509765625,
-0.0185546875,
-0.6303710938,
-0.1450195312,
-0.6791992188,
-0.2885742188,
0.1148071289,
0.1207885742,
0.2678222656,
-0.5576171875,
0.2763671875,
-0.4594726562,
0.5302734375,
-0.3154296875,
-0.2332763672,
-0.2055664062,
0.4069824219,
-0.3171386719,
-1.0556640625,
0.4812011719,
0.4506835938,
0.8422851562,
0.0642089844,
-0.5205078125,
0.7749023438,
0.0101699829,
-0.1763916016,
-0.4470214844,
-0.3439941406,
-0.1678466797,
0.0198974609,
-0.5014648438,
-0.3349609375,
0.2087402344,
0.431640625,
-0.7934570312,
0.0386962891,
0.7465820312,
0.6879882812,
-1.1826171875,
0.3571777344,
0.5883789062,
-0.1364746094,
0.88671875,
0.0263977051,
0.49609375,
0.1693115234,
-0.1150512695,
-0.2521972656,
0.533203125,
-1.505859375,
1.21875,
-0.2626953125,
-0.0401611328,
0.1682128906,
0.4865722656,
0.0302124023,
0.4877929688,
-0.1848144531,
-0.5610351562,
0.3503417969,
-0.0886230469,
-0.8701171875,
-1.435546875,
-0.7329101562,
-0.3547363281,
0.607421875,
-0.3642578125,
-0.4555664062,
-0.3857421875,
1.251953125,
-0.2058105469,
0.7758789062,
-0.2022705078,
-0.3962402344,
0.3862304688,
0.0795288086,
-0.2025146484,
-0.5737304688,
-1.1796875,
1.060546875,
-0.3315429688,
0.4975585938,
-0.2247314453,
0.0690917969,
0.9399414062,
-0.3818359375,
0.3544921875,
-0.72265625,
-0.1888427734,
-0.3569335938,
-0.8330078125,
0.296875,
-1.6005859375,
1.30078125,
-1.72265625,
0.9458007812,
0.7431640625,
1.31640625,
-0.3002929688,
-0.6108398438,
-1.4775390625,
-0.11328125,
0.0002404451,
0.1314697266,
-0.1954345703,
-0.51171875,
0.0633544922,
0.3725585938,
0.6342773438,
-0.89453125,
0.294921875,
-0.6005859375,
0.7739257812,
0.0432434082,
0.3293457031,
1.5947265625,
0.4968261719,
0.2524414062,
0.5141601562,
0.7412109375,
-0.3249511719,
0.4416503906,
0.0848388672,
-0.4484863281,
-0.3149414062,
0.4543457031,
-0.4643554688,
0.90625,
-0.2844238281,
-0.2529296875,
1.0185546875,
-1.1708984375,
-0.1248168945,
0.0796508789,
-0.0422668457,
-0.4072265625,
0.9672851562,
0.1510009766,
0.2758789062,
0.2062988281,
0.0419616699,
-0.1149291992,
0.99609375,
-0.1585693359,
-0.2526855469,
-0.822265625,
-0.3278808594,
-0.201171875,
-0.0623779297,
-0.3703613281,
0.890625,
-1.01171875,
-0.0834350586,
0.1604003906,
0.6376953125,
0.0374755859,
0.2032470703,
-0.5219726562,
-0.32421875,
0.4914550781,
-0.7109375,
0.580078125,
0.5942382812,
0.4929199219,
-0.3679199219,
0.0572509766,
-0.1439208984,
-0.326171875,
1.0576171875,
1.3466796875,
0.3745117188,
-0.0288848877,
1.0302734375,
0.55859375,
-0.7451171875,
0.6108398438,
0.2861328125,
0.0126495361,
0.1319580078,
0.0631713867,
-0.427734375,
-0.0556030273,
0.1229858398,
0.4755859375,
-1.3310546875,
0.079284668,
0.0605163574,
-0.0356750488,
-0.5517578125,
-0.4074707031,
-0.4506835938,
-0.0361633301,
-0.5952148438,
0.5131835938,
0.1623535156,
-0.9033203125,
1.6318359375,
0.1093139648,
0.4870605469,
0.5219726562,
-0.5546875,
1.2978515625,
0.2291259766,
0.7392578125,
0.4614257812,
0.3359375,
-0.4265136719,
-0.5639648438,
0.8920898438,
0.4758300781,
0.1748046875,
0.3439941406,
-0.0385131836,
0.6328125,
-0.9497070312,
0.0306243896,
0.6108398438,
0.0371398926,
0.2399902344,
-0.8837890625,
-0.572265625,
-0.0732421875,
0.0403137207,
0.6782226562,
-0.1564941406,
0.4008789062,
1.1416015625,
0.48046875,
-0.7875976562,
-0.1147460938,
-0.4943847656,
-0.0165710449,
-0.2653808594,
-0.5053710938,
0.1408691406,
-0.0987548828,
0.4543457031,
-0.283203125,
1.0078125,
-0.2758789062,
-1.201171875,
-0.1456298828,
0.0438537598,
-0.3928222656,
-0.9252929688,
0.7685546875,
0.2814941406,
-0.1947021484,
-0.4331054688,
-0.2951660156,
-0.7319335938,
-0.8603515625,
-0.0355224609,
0.2092285156,
-0.5947265625,
0.3881835938,
-1.0703125,
0.0662841797,
0.2438964844,
1.0966796875,
0.1086425781,
0.5913085938,
0.2307128906,
-0.6801757812,
0.88671875,
-1.328125,
0.1193847656,
0.0373840332,
0.4409179688,
-0.1339111328,
-0.0252075195,
0.3376464844,
0.5512695312,
-0.1956787109,
3.056640625,
0.0903320312,
0.1479492188,
-0.2329101562,
-0.2360839844,
-0.0846557617,
-0.3798828125,
0.8173828125,
-0.7934570312,
0.2491455078,
-0.2980957031,
0.8940429688,
0.6806640625,
0.9008789062,
0.2934570312,
-0.6831054688,
-0.76953125,
-0.0444335938,
0.1361083984,
0.7255859375,
-0.052734375,
0.4038085938,
-0.298828125,
-0.41796875,
-0.5263671875,
0.6538085938,
0.232421875,
0.1662597656,
0.6489257812,
-0.650390625,
0.408203125,
-0.8188476562,
-0.1423339844,
0.041229248,
0.392578125,
0.6684570312,
-0.3073730469,
1.216796875,
0.3037109375,
0.8154296875,
-0.0445556641,
-0.4782714844,
0.4130859375,
-0.0543518066,
-0.353515625,
-0.9418945312,
2.0859375,
-0.1785888672,
0.9389648438,
0.0205383301,
0.5034179688,
-0.0056991577,
-0.2196044922,
0.6171875,
-0.2534179688,
0.0719604492,
-0.751953125,
0.3908691406,
-0.6040039062,
-1.96484375,
-0.916015625,
0.8037109375,
-0.4526367188,
-0.8852539062,
-0.1424560547,
-0.2403564453,
-0.0327453613,
-0.5078125,
-0.4541015625,
0.6831054688,
0.7421875,
0.4963378906,
0.4304199219,
0.0377807617,
0.4243164062,
-0.2993164062,
-0.7299804688,
-0.0426330566,
0.1813964844,
0.17578125,
0.2027587891,
-0.6982421875,
0.3654785156,
-1.4267578125,
0.1364746094,
0.4912109375,
0.2546386719,
0.1248779297,
-0.7475585938,
-0.1798095703,
0.1098022461,
-0.3986816406,
-0.93359375,
-0.2152099609,
-0.9067382812,
-0.2797851562,
0.3674316406,
-0.2459716797,
-0.1568603516,
0.7890625,
-0.1734619141,
-0.5151367188,
0.8266601562,
0.3122558594,
0.3076171875,
-0.453125,
2.21484375,
-0.6577148438,
-0.0422058105,
0.375,
-0.4494628906,
-0.2243652344,
-0.3835449219,
0.634765625,
0.0386047363,
-0.0606994629,
-0.0234680176,
-0.701171875,
-0.1065063477,
-0.3156738281,
0.4438476562,
-0.7172851562,
0.3173828125,
0.0659790039,
0.6850585938,
0.6606445312,
-0.3059082031,
-0.2634277344,
-0.595703125,
-0.89453125,
-0.591796875,
0.1380615234,
0.8452148438,
1.4482421875,
0.2663574219,
-0.4235839844,
-0.3229980469,
-0.130859375,
1.2001953125,
0.1929931641,
0.7807617188,
1.0888671875,
0.4174804688,
0.7856445312,
-0.0682373047,
-0.2241210938,
-0.0339660645,
0.1348876953,
0.0195617676,
-0.1499023438,
-0.0391845703,
-0.2288818359,
-0.1223144531,
-0.6669921875,
-0.3505859375,
0.4125976562,
-0.1413574219,
0.8291015625,
-0.0578918457,
1.23046875,
-0.3718261719,
-0.7729492188,
-0.869140625,
-1.0029296875,
-0.2022705078,
-0.3371582031,
0.9272460938,
0.5908203125,
-0.560546875,
-0.986328125,
-0.1818847656,
-0.5473632812,
-0.0021858215,
0.3845214844,
-1.0087890625,
0.6796875,
-1.03515625,
-1.3447265625,
-0.0135269165,
0.537109375,
0.0638427734,
-1.0888671875,
-0.7783203125,
-0.8671875,
-0.025680542,
-0.2770996094,
0.4692382812,
0.5463867188,
0.9951171875,
0.3537597656,
-1.4140625,
-0.15234375,
-0.0047683716,
0.0492248535,
0.1346435547,
-0.619140625,
0.9614257812,
0.5620117188,
1.2998046875,
-0.1817626953,
0.1240844727,
0.8149414062,
0.0033359528,
0.1453857422,
0.9028320312,
-0.541015625,
0.2888183594,
0.1895751953,
0.6157226562,
0.4431152344,
-0.1593017578,
-0.0247039795,
-0.0954589844,
-1.9619140625,
0.1625976562,
-0.7934570312,
1.0771484375,
-0.0016345978,
0.396484375,
-0.2727050781,
-0.544921875,
0.1182861328,
0.4235839844,
-0.1799316406,
-0.43359375,
-0.8852539062,
0.0406188965,
0.6376953125,
-0.1318359375,
0.2878417969,
-0.2680664062,
1.6064453125,
-0.2486572266,
0.2646484375,
0.1743164062,
0.1616210938,
0.4445800781,
-1.1171875,
0.2006835938,
-0.3041992188,
0.3083496094,
0.2802734375,
-1.154296875,
0.2844238281,
0.5483398438,
0.0879516602,
0.8686523438,
0.4533691406,
-0.6508789062,
-0.5747070312,
0.3845214844,
-2.10546875,
1.60546875,
-0.4516601562,
0.0200500488,
0.5278320312,
-0.3442382812,
-0.1087036133,
-0.6201171875,
1.0546875,
0.1323242188,
0.126953125,
-1.1181640625,
0.1090698242,
0.3198242188,
-0.9301757812,
-0.1574707031,
0.7861328125,
0.1584472656,
0.1818847656,
-0.255859375,
-0.1760253906,
0.0631713867,
-0.2705078125,
0.3684082031,
0.1075439453,
0.4841308594,
0.4079589844,
-0.478515625,
0.2159423828,
0.0537719727,
0.1203613281,
0.5522460938,
-0.5556640625,
-0.5888671875,
-0.6186523438,
-0.5361328125,
0.1265869141,
0.0390319824,
-1.107421875,
-0.0237579346,
-0.0273590088,
0.59765625,
0.349609375,
0.736328125,
-0.061340332,
-1.0849609375,
-0.31640625,
-0.2565917969,
0.3161621094,
-0.4113769531,
-0.4294433594,
0.21484375,
-0.0981445312,
-0.4260253906,
0.3947753906,
0.763671875,
-0.2548828125,
0.2366943359,
1.15234375,
-0.3342285156,
-0.3666992188,
0.498046875,
0.0401000977,
-0.5717773438,
-0.0416259766,
-0.2897949219,
-0.1282958984,
0.6416015625,
-1.2275390625,
-0.5014648438,
-0.8022460938,
0.7353515625,
-0.44140625,
-0.330078125,
0.1665039062,
-0.2062988281,
0.4934082031,
0.439453125,
0.9541015625,
0.1265869141,
0.9506835938,
0.4235839844,
0.509765625,
0.4875488281,
-1.0673828125,
0.0692749023,
0.6752929688,
0.0241241455,
-0.4235839844,
1.595703125,
0.3645019531,
0.0899658203,
-1.193359375,
-0.2734375,
0.0211181641,
0.4467773438,
0.4672851562,
-0.6694335938,
-0.3452148438,
-0.2274169922,
-0.3210449219,
-0.5024414062,
0.7241210938,
0.2634277344,
0.1501464844,
0.2291259766,
0.4084472656,
0.7817382812,
-0.6108398438,
-0.576171875,
0.9619140625,
0.1798095703,
0.4418945312,
-0.4267578125,
0.0375061035,
0.2387695312,
-0.5537109375,
0.2017822266,
-0.1216430664,
0.2609863281,
-0.96484375,
0.1068725586,
0.611328125,
-0.7221679688,
-0.8486328125,
-0.2900390625,
0.4401855469,
-0.4223632812,
-0.2583007812,
-0.0687866211,
0.4768066406,
-1.2509765625,
0.2758789062,
0.4758300781,
-0.2690429688,
0.77734375,
0.322265625,
-0.8046875,
-0.2398681641,
0.0806884766,
-0.9853515625,
0.1704101562,
0.2043457031,
-0.0452575684,
0.798828125,
-0.1790771484,
-0.0968017578,
-0.2235107422,
-0.0070800781,
1.45703125,
-0.470703125,
-0.1413574219,
0.4360351562,
-0.1265869141,
0.6279296875,
0.0874633789,
0.666015625,
0.232421875,
-1.19921875,
-0.2336425781,
-0.8232421875,
0.5190429688,
0.0726928711,
0.6806640625,
-0.0639648438,
0.2766113281,
0.5249023438,
0.5693359375,
0.0595397949,
-0.0967407227,
-0.4338378906,
-0.9799804688,
-1.0595703125,
-0.4235839844,
0.4560546875,
0.1865234375,
0.1586914062,
0.2093505859,
0.3569335938,
0.4753417969,
0.8842773438,
-0.41015625,
-0.2346191406,
-0.3110351562,
0.2078857422,
-0.0100631714,
0.16796875,
0.4904785156,
-0.4465332031,
0.5297851562,
0.1500244141,
0.4909667969,
-0.4130859375,
-0.1176757812,
-0.1682128906,
-0.0682373047,
-0.5029296875,
-0.3388671875,
-1.0791015625,
0.1159057617,
-1.5322265625,
0.0246734619,
0.3190917969,
-0.1292724609,
0.4909667969,
-1.2919921875,
0.6782226562,
0.1083984375,
0.1143188477,
-0.8081054688,
0.1267089844,
0.9829101562,
-0.2145996094,
0.2241210938,
-0.1560058594,
0.0581359863,
-0.5981445312,
-1.1962890625,
-0.3754882812,
-1.1064453125,
-0.8876953125,
-0.2015380859,
-0.0039520264,
0.6923828125,
0.3081054688,
-0.3439941406,
-0.1821289062,
-0.7104492188,
0.251953125,
-0.1899414062,
-0.3806152344,
-0.08203125,
0.3347167969,
-0.7729492188,
0.0933837891,
0.5512695312,
0.1806640625,
0.6420898438,
-0.1666259766,
-0.1640625,
-0.1336669922,
0.0085906982,
0.0551757812,
-0.0361938477,
0.4255371094,
0.3068847656,
0.5034179688,
-0.1899414062,
0.5625,
0.5336914062,
0.2159423828,
0.2658691406,
0.9956054688,
-1.4296875,
0.0390930176,
-0.150390625,
-0.3039550781,
-0.1091308594,
0.0729370117,
-0.0279541016,
0.6044921875,
-0.0869750977,
-0.1395263672,
-0.1663818359,
-1.0263671875,
0.1339111328,
-0.9897460938,
-0.2108154297,
0.4252929688,
-0.2325439453,
-0.1180419922,
-0.2045898438,
0.4116210938,
0.8178710938,
0.4965820312,
0.2727050781,
-0.20703125,
0.5043945312,
0.2347412109,
0.3425292969,
-1.0361328125,
0.2429199219,
0.0960083008,
-0.3879394531,
-1.5126953125,
-13.984375,
-0.4545898438,
0.5068359375,
0.0532531738,
-1.57421875,
-0.0567626953,
0.8974609375,
-0.0139770508,
-0.6328125,
-0.291015625,
-0.4616699219,
1.1796875,
-0.8139648438,
-0.3420410156,
0.2844238281,
-0.5981445312,
-1.208984375,
-0.3232421875,
-0.2834472656,
0.564453125,
-0.1112670898,
1.220703125,
-0.8544921875,
0.1649169922,
-0.4765625,
0.0196533203,
0.2724609375,
-0.1122436523,
-0.6020507812,
0.0272674561,
-0.9775390625,
0.3537597656,
-0.36328125,
0.9052734375,
-0.1812744141,
0.8090820312,
-0.1547851562,
0.1508789062,
0.8115234375,
-0.0347595215,
-0.1079711914,
0.4738769531,
-0.8203125,
1.2109375,
-0.0135879517,
0.2592773438,
-0.0152587891,
-0.8110351562,
0.0630493164,
-0.1791992188,
-0.3500976562,
0.8159179688,
1.0498046875,
0.1423339844,
-0.8486328125,
0.0622558594,
-1.2216796875,
0.4624023438,
-0.6962890625,
0.1884765625,
-0.6987304688,
-0.7412109375,
0.720703125,
0.4521484375,
-0.9233398438,
-0.5952148438,
-0.8168945312,
-0.5390625,
0.685546875,
0.2631835938,
-0.0891113281,
-0.3093261719,
0.830078125,
-0.4379882812,
0.1540527344,
0.49609375,
0.0418395996,
-0.7329101562,
-0.7534179688,
0.1021728516,
-0.3754882812,
-0.6381835938
] |
Physics
In mechanics, Avicenna, in The Book of Healing, developed a theory of motion, in which he made a distinction between the inclination (tendency to motion) and force of a projectile, and concluded that motion was a result of an inclination (mayl) transferred to the projectile by the thrower, and that projectile motion in a vacuum would not cease. He viewed inclination as a permanent force whose effect is dissipated by external forces such as air resistance. The theory of motion presented by Avicenna was probably influenced by the 6th-century Alexandrian scholar John Philoponus. Avicenna's is a less sophisticated variant of the theory of impetus developed by Buridan in the 14th century. It is unclear if Buridan was influenced by Avicenna, or by Philoponus directly. In optics, Avicenna was among those who argued that light had a speed, observing that "if the perception of light is due to the emission of some sort of particles by a luminous source, the speed of light must be finite." He also provided a wrong explanation of the rainbow phenomenon. Carl Benjamin Boyer described Avicenna's ("Ibn Sīnā") theory on the rainbow as follows:
In 1253, a Latin text entitled Speculum Tripartitum stated the following regarding Avicenna's theory on heat:
Psychology
Avicenna's legacy in classical psychology is primarily embodied in the Kitab al-nafs parts of his Kitab al-shifa (The Book of Healing) and Kitab al-najat (The Book of Deliverance). These were known in Latin under the title De Anima (treatises "on the soul"). | [
0.8798828125,
-0.3598632812,
0.3664550781,
-0.0106277466,
0.521484375,
0.8081054688,
0.306640625,
-0.328125,
-0.0850830078,
-0.1872558594,
0.3359375,
0.7397460938,
0.0630493164,
-0.2139892578,
1.1162109375,
-0.5483398438,
-0.6162109375,
-0.8115234375,
-0.1033935547,
-0.5668945312,
-0.2707519531,
-0.66796875,
-0.6474609375,
-0.9716796875,
-1.5966796875,
-0.69140625,
0.1067504883,
0.3303222656,
0.5434570312,
-0.4343261719,
0.4948730469,
0.3842773438,
-0.3017578125,
-0.2919921875,
-0.7465820312,
0.2561035156,
0.8823242188,
-0.5205078125,
-0.1501464844,
0.1824951172,
-0.4228515625,
-0.6474609375,
-0.9448242188,
-0.4951171875,
0.0917358398,
0.2739257812,
0.0338439941,
-0.6708984375,
-0.740234375,
-1.2841796875,
-1.203125,
-0.4406738281,
0.1589355469,
0.0407104492,
-0.7211914062,
0.556640625,
-0.2546386719,
-0.9931640625,
-0.0481567383,
-0.9174804688,
-0.1761474609,
-0.2705078125,
0.7836914062,
-1.044921875,
0.42578125,
-0.7866210938,
-0.4714355469,
-1.2255859375,
-0.314453125,
0.4521484375,
-1.33984375,
-0.0273742676,
-0.3930664062,
-0.1754150391,
-0.3354492188,
-1.2158203125,
-0.5141601562,
0.470703125,
-0.2376708984,
0.3513183594,
0.1546630859,
-0.6469726562,
-1.166015625,
-1.0859375,
0.2631835938,
0.8374023438,
0.8745117188,
0.0365600586,
-0.4135742188,
1.326171875,
-0.0741577148,
0.0822753906,
-0.3825683594,
0.2341308594,
0.3024902344,
-0.0962524414,
-0.1790771484,
-1.1533203125,
-1.474609375,
0.1591796875,
-0.734375,
-1.505859375,
0.4116210938,
-0.4482421875,
0.5473632812,
0.2436523438,
-0.9526367188,
-0.9389648438,
-0.3955078125,
0.2941894531,
0.3264160156,
-0.6108398438,
0.0369262695,
0.533203125,
0.7709960938,
0.3544921875,
0.33984375,
-0.0352783203,
-0.1673583984,
-0.77734375,
-0.0704956055,
0.515625,
0.0602722168,
-0.6396484375,
0.7485351562,
0.0485534668,
-0.7001953125,
-0.6171875,
-0.1833496094,
0.3120117188,
-0.7758789062,
-0.1547851562,
-0.0606994629,
0.0581665039,
0.6635742188,
-0.3513183594,
-0.759765625,
-0.0728759766,
0.1198120117,
-0.2995605469,
-0.7524414062,
0.5083007812,
-0.0062217712,
1.1767578125,
0.2161865234,
-0.0883789062,
0.6635742188,
0.9047851562,
0.4311523438,
-0.9047851562,
-0.1639404297,
0.1649169922,
0.95703125,
-0.1510009766,
0.333984375,
-0.3107910156,
0.2941894531,
-0.591796875,
-0.4641113281,
0.6489257812,
-0.6318359375,
0.1711425781,
-0.9477539062,
-0.6484375,
-0.4611816406,
0.5581054688,
0.0842895508,
-1.078125,
0.4709472656,
0.490234375,
-0.8344726562,
0.720703125,
-0.0201873779,
-0.0833740234,
0.1975097656,
-1.267578125,
0.5986328125,
0.6108398438,
-0.2890625,
0.41015625,
0.7026367188,
-1.279296875,
0.48046875,
-0.3286132812,
0.6684570312,
-0.0117340088,
0.2937011719,
-0.4438476562,
-0.0074462891,
-0.5458984375,
-0.2517089844,
0.2468261719,
-0.1078491211,
-0.6645507812,
-1.0224609375,
-0.2443847656,
-0.3295898438,
0.3559570312,
-0.114074707,
-0.0758666992,
-0.4423828125,
1.3193359375,
0.71484375,
0.640625,
0.091003418,
-0.8388671875,
1.1474609375,
-0.0825805664,
0.2680664062,
0.2116699219,
-0.1022949219,
0.4584960938,
0.1545410156,
0.6123046875,
0.6176757812,
0.0603637695,
0.6708984375,
-0.3459472656,
-0.3273925781,
-0.552734375,
0.0176849365,
-0.5717773438,
-1.419921875,
1.123046875,
-1.126953125,
0.4018554688,
-0.5141601562,
1.1201171875,
1.1806640625,
0.67578125,
0.6704101562,
0.509765625,
-1.416015625,
-0.4384765625,
0.1024780273,
-0.2731933594,
-0.2644042969,
-0.1789550781,
0.4594726562,
-0.4050292969,
-0.3237304688,
-0.4294433594,
0.1859130859,
-1.3115234375,
1.013671875,
0.4851074219,
-0.0284118652,
1.40234375,
0.1424560547,
0.2607421875,
0.4038085938,
0.3686523438,
-0.0375366211,
0.2524414062,
-0.3984375,
0.1882324219,
-0.3100585938,
0.9409179688,
-0.6733398438,
0.5947265625,
-0.203125,
-0.2294921875,
1.4208984375,
-0.7026367188,
0.2020263672,
-0.1274414062,
-0.0817260742,
-0.2875976562,
0.0356140137,
0.3552246094,
0.9731445312,
0.0660400391,
-0.3471679688,
-0.2741699219,
0.9208984375,
0.3962402344,
-0.4768066406,
-0.7358398438,
-0.2353515625,
0.0258789062,
0.6088867188,
0.1379394531,
-0.2481689453,
-0.6538085938,
0.5703125,
0.2451171875,
1.2509765625,
0.3032226562,
0.8374023438,
-0.6240234375,
-0.185546875,
-0.0385742188,
-0.3935546875,
1.0087890625,
-0.2381591797,
-0.4729003906,
0.083984375,
0.80078125,
-0.1054077148,
0.0413513184,
0.5620117188,
1.083984375,
-0.251953125,
0.8413085938,
0.061126709,
0.8359375,
-0.6704101562,
0.8696289062,
-0.1904296875,
-0.4650878906,
0.2253417969,
-0.962890625,
-0.443359375,
-0.3464355469,
-0.1212158203,
-0.3793945312,
0.0905761719,
0.0853881836,
0.3569335938,
-0.1520996094,
-0.1155395508,
-0.3005371094,
0.4182128906,
-0.4262695312,
-0.9150390625,
0.46484375,
0.2739257812,
-0.8251953125,
-0.2239990234,
0.1511230469,
0.0273742676,
0.1096191406,
-1.02734375,
0.9423828125,
0.669921875,
0.3259277344,
0.7880859375,
0.3879394531,
-0.3640136719,
-0.0770874023,
1.3798828125,
0.4099121094,
0.0828857422,
0.0077438354,
0.1311035156,
0.5361328125,
-0.3774414062,
0.2203369141,
0.3054199219,
0.0720825195,
0.68359375,
-0.3508300781,
-1.236328125,
-0.3374023438,
0.1833496094,
0.5327148438,
-0.2006835938,
-0.4140625,
0.1179199219,
0.5986328125,
-0.6357421875,
-0.2622070312,
-0.9165039062,
0.2395019531,
-0.4890136719,
-0.7905273438,
-0.0364379883,
-0.5532226562,
0.818359375,
-0.1340332031,
-0.6586914062,
0.5014648438,
-0.8569335938,
-1.431640625,
0.1193847656,
-0.6157226562,
-1.1240234375,
0.5942382812,
-0.2661132812,
-0.4543457031,
-0.541015625,
-0.0023231506,
-1.140625,
-0.2678222656,
0.5747070312,
0.6396484375,
-0.986328125,
0.4069824219,
-0.2346191406,
0.3837890625,
0.4951171875,
1.8251953125,
0.1867675781,
0.3317871094,
0.2609863281,
-0.7734375,
1.5537109375,
-1.7529296875,
-0.3305664062,
0.1707763672,
0.513671875,
-0.8564453125,
0.044342041,
0.7041015625,
-0.0884399414,
-0.7036132812,
2.26953125,
-0.3562011719,
0.869140625,
0.072265625,
-0.3332519531,
0.5512695312,
-0.0523986816,
0.2282714844,
-0.8037109375,
0.0087051392,
-0.654296875,
0.3669433594,
0.94921875,
0.5732421875,
-0.0020065308,
0.3666992188,
0.3840332031,
0.0175933838,
0.7373046875,
0.52734375,
0.033782959,
0.5029296875,
-1.1318359375,
-0.5859375,
-0.5947265625,
-0.5590820312,
-0.2604980469,
0.8833007812,
0.1461181641,
-0.4533691406,
0.3662109375,
-0.1899414062,
0.4970703125,
0.3178710938,
0.047668457,
0.6362304688,
-0.5478515625,
0.8793945312,
0.9672851562,
0.68359375,
0.1571044922,
-0.1271972656,
-0.1600341797,
-0.2534179688,
-0.3444824219,
-0.2200927734,
1.16796875,
0.3415527344,
1.220703125,
-0.4760742188,
0.1301269531,
-0.7060546875,
-0.4704589844,
0.7646484375,
0.2626953125,
-0.1456298828,
0.0838623047,
0.3471679688,
0.0066566467,
-1.2958984375,
-0.6064453125,
0.5498046875,
-0.7919921875,
-0.7338867188,
0.0522766113,
-0.5092773438,
-0.2644042969,
-0.3698730469,
-0.3024902344,
0.443359375,
1.05859375,
0.2958984375,
0.5034179688,
0.2181396484,
0.3081054688,
-0.3269042969,
-0.2476806641,
0.0830078125,
-0.2880859375,
-0.1417236328,
-0.4072265625,
-0.7163085938,
0.0573120117,
-1.021484375,
-0.0858154297,
0.845703125,
-0.9423828125,
0.3249511719,
0.2045898438,
-0.5166015625,
-0.5053710938,
-0.470703125,
-0.9331054688,
0.4204101562,
-0.4443359375,
-0.1925048828,
0.1091308594,
-0.779296875,
0.58203125,
1.6142578125,
-0.2961425781,
-0.3156738281,
0.8959960938,
0.4338378906,
0.3657226562,
0.010383606,
1.6669921875,
-0.7993164062,
-0.2253417969,
0.5180664062,
-0.5190429688,
0.4982910156,
-0.4626464844,
0.0224304199,
0.013343811,
-0.814453125,
-0.9360351562,
-0.4377441406,
-1.5341796875,
-0.306640625,
0.1291503906,
-0.60546875,
0.020401001,
-0.2629394531,
-0.2648925781,
0.2985839844,
0.0008935928,
-0.5581054688,
-0.54296875,
-0.861328125,
-0.5229492188,
0.1541748047,
1.056640625,
1.7998046875,
0.4460449219,
0.158203125,
-0.2170410156,
0.177734375,
1.189453125,
0.7426757812,
0.9008789062,
-0.0126419067,
0.6162109375,
0.5356445312,
-0.5546875,
0.0207366943,
-0.3537597656,
-0.6635742188,
0.3540039062,
0.4165039062,
-0.3896484375,
-1.0283203125,
0.3598632812,
-0.4252929688,
-0.8256835938,
-0.1771240234,
-0.3188476562,
0.2203369141,
-0.3544921875,
0.509765625,
-0.4501953125,
-0.9462890625,
-0.0899658203,
-0.3859863281,
-0.6826171875,
-0.7573242188,
0.357421875,
-0.1723632812,
-0.873046875,
-0.2854003906,
0.1275634766,
-1.1591796875,
1.509765625,
0.6987304688,
-0.5307617188,
0.2039794922,
-0.3273925781,
-0.2233886719,
-0.697265625,
0.771484375,
0.3647460938,
-1.9111328125,
-0.6235351562,
-0.8271484375,
-0.2829589844,
-0.1791992188,
0.2822265625,
0.3420410156,
0.857421875,
0.9931640625,
-2.123046875,
-0.728515625,
0.6455078125,
-0.1326904297,
0.6293945312,
-0.0291442871,
0.5249023438,
0.1879882812,
0.8657226562,
-0.4045410156,
0.6684570312,
0.7065429688,
0.2326660156,
0.1840820312,
0.6357421875,
-0.2963867188,
0.4284667969,
0.3518066406,
0.6435546875,
0.9868164062,
-0.6352539062,
-0.9013671875,
-0.3657226562,
-1.7041015625,
-0.1999511719,
-0.3293457031,
0.2230224609,
0.1922607422,
0.318359375,
-0.1561279297,
-0.0714111328,
-0.3229980469,
-0.3898925781,
-0.3068847656,
0.0107955933,
-0.0585327148,
0.3366699219,
0.8530273438,
-0.513671875,
-0.1109619141,
-0.0893554688,
1.732421875,
0.3215332031,
0.0101623535,
0.2839355469,
0.3188476562,
-0.673828125,
-0.236328125,
0.4555664062,
-0.5029296875,
0.1842041016,
0.716796875,
-1.66015625,
0.1678466797,
0.6875,
-1.1064453125,
-0.0307312012,
-0.5029296875,
-1.0810546875,
-0.0382080078,
-0.5346679688,
-1.94921875,
1.7177734375,
-0.2080078125,
0.447265625,
-0.0551452637,
-0.4340820312,
-0.4619140625,
-0.3071289062,
0.40625,
0.1525878906,
0.3161621094,
-1.048828125,
0.1726074219,
1.0712890625,
-1.0927734375,
0.3757324219,
1.337890625,
-0.1080322266,
-0.1309814453,
-0.5834960938,
-0.6318359375,
-0.0576477051,
1.775390625,
0.0998535156,
-0.0760498047,
0.2326660156,
-0.0172576904,
-0.4213867188,
-0.2902832031,
-0.6264648438,
-0.0648193359,
0.84375,
-0.18359375,
-0.0799560547,
-0.3735351562,
-0.5805664062,
0.0928955078,
0.2507324219,
-1.0927734375,
-0.2069091797,
0.4921875,
-0.55078125,
0.1405029297,
0.6479492188,
0.5625,
-0.8447265625,
-0.33984375,
-1.044921875,
0.2236328125,
-0.3625488281,
-0.2624511719,
0.736328125,
-0.669921875,
-0.2578125,
0.2241210938,
0.4240722656,
0.45703125,
0.8583984375,
0.6528320312,
-1.2265625,
0.1569824219,
-0.1900634766,
-0.0790405273,
-0.0946655273,
0.8315429688,
-0.3571777344,
0.1600341797,
-0.1881103516,
-0.5786132812,
0.3676757812,
-0.7573242188,
0.1828613281,
-0.2575683594,
-0.1594238281,
0.3901367188,
-0.1174926758,
0.1595458984,
-0.5654296875,
0.4558105469,
0.2976074219,
0.4838867188,
-0.0867919922,
1.2314453125,
-0.173828125,
-0.31640625,
0.560546875,
1.8701171875,
-0.658203125,
-0.0123443604,
0.8505859375,
0.8959960938,
-0.3598632812,
-0.0596313477,
0.0415039062,
0.2565917969,
0.3371582031,
0.2390136719,
-0.4877929688,
0.1495361328,
-0.3986816406,
-0.9287109375,
-0.3447265625,
1.1240234375,
-0.0866699219,
0.7358398438,
-0.1571044922,
0.1596679688,
0.3010253906,
-0.736328125,
0.201171875,
0.9580078125,
-0.3171386719,
0.2141113281,
-0.2880859375,
0.0578613281,
0.4306640625,
-1.0380859375,
-0.1564941406,
-0.0601196289,
0.4072265625,
-1.0947265625,
0.4453125,
0.6791992188,
-1.1484375,
-0.501953125,
-0.0482177734,
0.2220458984,
-0.390625,
-0.0830688477,
0.1619873047,
0.9614257812,
-1.2412109375,
-0.0110092163,
1.060546875,
0.0467529297,
0.9360351562,
0.33984375,
-0.0327148438,
0.4621582031,
0.3376464844,
-1.3076171875,
0.7998046875,
-0.4479980469,
0.1177978516,
-0.3166503906,
0.098449707,
0.0477905273,
-1.642578125,
0.1953125,
0.2917480469,
-0.1051635742,
-0.0852661133,
0.4799804688,
-0.2028808594,
0.7602539062,
-0.2709960938,
0.47265625,
0.3732910156,
-1.2548828125,
0.0347900391,
0.0481262207,
0.4846191406,
-0.1013183594,
0.5922851562,
-0.3483886719,
-0.1035766602,
0.0090026855,
0.6918945312,
0.5234375,
-0.7680664062,
-0.6166992188,
-0.6928710938,
-1.06640625,
-0.2783203125,
1.1826171875,
-0.4636230469,
-0.5532226562,
0.0235595703,
0.84375,
0.8759765625,
0.7075195312,
-0.5649414062,
-0.412109375,
-0.2260742188,
-1,
0.5004882812,
0.94140625,
-0.1458740234,
-0.1319580078,
0.3330078125,
-0.4162597656,
0.4440917969,
0.1694335938,
0.5263671875,
0.2680664062,
0.3276367188,
0.2047119141,
-0.3374023438,
-1.3046875,
-0.2995605469,
-1.275390625,
-0.3352050781,
0.3649902344,
-0.2629394531,
0.1843261719,
-1.865234375,
0.32421875,
0.0723266602,
-0.3249511719,
-0.084777832,
-0.2271728516,
0.6171875,
-0.0707397461,
0.9536132812,
-0.013671875,
-0.053527832,
-0.5874023438,
-1.076171875,
-0.1337890625,
-0.716796875,
-0.7485351562,
-0.5805664062,
0.7446289062,
1,
0.1662597656,
-0.3366699219,
0.0739746094,
0.1807861328,
0.5297851562,
-0.0936889648,
-0.1473388672,
-0.0376586914,
0.1647949219,
-0.8154296875,
-0.2045898438,
0.697265625,
1.1279296875,
-0.2788085938,
-0.3642578125,
-0.4814453125,
0.20703125,
0.2614746094,
-0.044708252,
-0.3911132812,
0.1987304688,
0.2805175781,
-0.2722167969,
0.3208007812,
0.2047119141,
0.5009765625,
0.0885009766,
0.6552734375,
0.2114257812,
-1.8056640625,
0.0912475586,
-0.2023925781,
0.3327636719,
0.8266601562,
-0.0649414062,
0.2253417969,
0.3564453125,
0.1353759766,
-0.0842895508,
-0.8168945312,
-0.3701171875,
0.0555419922,
-0.2492675781,
-0.0074195862,
-0.7421875,
0.1234741211,
0.0931396484,
-0.002664566,
0.8276367188,
1.060546875,
1.16796875,
0.5185546875,
-0.0210876465,
-0.2359619141,
0.8188476562,
0.6245117188,
-0.6606445312,
0.6000976562,
0.4255371094,
0.0313110352,
-0.4313964844,
-12.9765625,
-0.8422851562,
0.7568359375,
0.2580566406,
-1.6220703125,
0.6025390625,
0.4006347656,
-0.6694335938,
-0.2724609375,
-0.0379638672,
-0.1624755859,
1.2724609375,
-0.9184570312,
-0.6469726562,
-0.1510009766,
0.9609375,
-0.484375,
-1.53125,
-0.3405761719,
0.4873046875,
0.0289154053,
0.9370117188,
-0.6127929688,
0.61328125,
-0.8427734375,
-0.0715332031,
1.0615234375,
0.0006608963,
-0.2043457031,
0.8110351562,
-0.5522460938,
-0.0118713379,
-0.572265625,
0.96484375,
0.2318115234,
0.599609375,
-0.94140625,
-0.1812744141,
0.9184570312,
0.1806640625,
-0.1987304688,
-0.5131835938,
-0.5444335938,
1.310546875,
-0.7436523438,
0.3430175781,
0.2531738281,
-0.8349609375,
0.0817871094,
-0.955078125,
-0.5908203125,
1.30078125,
0.4528808594,
0.6245117188,
-0.7275390625,
0.4123535156,
-0.9379882812,
1.1845703125,
-0.1320800781,
0.0540161133,
0.0171203613,
-0.104309082,
0.5239257812,
0.0760498047,
-1.0947265625,
-0.4072265625,
-0.6840820312,
-0.9545898438,
0.1756591797,
-1.087890625,
0.5478515625,
-0.6997070312,
1.2890625,
-1.12109375,
-0.0269012451,
-0.0918579102,
-0.1683349609,
-1.1162109375,
0.0770263672,
-0.0076828003,
0.5454101562,
-0.5815429688
] |
Notably, Avicenna develops what is called the Flying Man argument in the Psychology of The Cure I.1.7 as defence of the argument that the soul is without quantitative extension, which has an affinity with Descartes's cogito argument (or what phenomenology designates as a form of an "epoche"). Avicenna's psychology requires that connection between the body and soul be strong enough to ensure the soul's individuation, but weak enough to allow for its immortality. Avicenna grounds his psychology on physiology, which means his account of the soul is one that deals almost entirely with the natural science of the body and its abilities of perception. Thus, the philosopher's connection between the soul and body is explained almost entirely by his understanding of perception; in this way, bodily perception interrelates with the immaterial human intellect. In sense perception, the perceiver senses the form of the object; first, by perceiving features of the object by our external senses. This sensory information is supplied to the internal senses, which merge all the pieces into a whole, unified conscious experience. This process of perception and abstraction is the nexus of the soul and body, for the material body may only perceive material objects, while the immaterial soul may only receive the immaterial, universal forms. The way the soul and body interact in the final abstraction of the universal from the concrete particular is the key to their relationship and interaction, which takes place in the physical body. The soul completes the action of intellection by accepting forms that have been abstracted from matter. | [
0.34765625,
-0.1293945312,
0.5537109375,
-0.1893310547,
-0.1785888672,
0.8862304688,
0.7182617188,
-0.4777832031,
-0.5932617188,
0.1799316406,
-0.44921875,
0.4091796875,
-0.1451416016,
-0.2622070312,
0.7231445312,
-1.1201171875,
0.1010131836,
-0.54296875,
0.0028572083,
0.3803710938,
-0.1000976562,
-0.0515441895,
0.4484863281,
-0.8955078125,
-0.1561279297,
-0.4272460938,
0.3564453125,
0.1890869141,
0.5278320312,
-0.2963867188,
0.1483154297,
1.0634765625,
-0.3054199219,
-0.2907714844,
0.054901123,
0.5380859375,
0.4348144531,
-1.38671875,
-0.3791503906,
0.8310546875,
-0.7446289062,
-0.6049804688,
-1.1005859375,
-0.4487304688,
-0.1573486328,
0.8896484375,
-0.0439453125,
-0.3537597656,
-0.7358398438,
-0.8715820312,
-0.8657226562,
0.40625,
0.032043457,
0.2247314453,
0.1843261719,
-0.2092285156,
0.9892578125,
-0.7861328125,
-0.2614746094,
-1.048828125,
0.3933105469,
-0.732421875,
1.109375,
-0.9375,
0.5234375,
-0.3312988281,
-0.1728515625,
-0.2084960938,
-0.0981445312,
0.3303222656,
-0.7504882812,
0.2885742188,
-0.5737304688,
0.0001145005,
-0.3881835938,
-0.7104492188,
0.0763549805,
0.56640625,
0.1093139648,
-0.1400146484,
-0.2687988281,
-1.287109375,
-0.3767089844,
-0.2427978516,
0.0229492188,
0.2553710938,
0.5336914062,
0.3977050781,
-0.1505126953,
0.837890625,
0.7446289062,
-0.5703125,
-0.2648925781,
0.2342529297,
-0.096862793,
0.1039428711,
-0.2150878906,
-0.6767578125,
-1.3173828125,
-0.9375,
-1.0244140625,
-0.9672851562,
0.6606445312,
-0.1383056641,
-0.1162719727,
1.3271484375,
-0.3581542969,
-1.03125,
0.3366699219,
0.2690429688,
0.3264160156,
-0.625,
-0.059173584,
0.2683105469,
-0.3588867188,
0.0900268555,
0.3515625,
-0.051940918,
-0.0223999023,
0.3732910156,
-0.720703125,
1.0361328125,
0.2873535156,
-0.1574707031,
0.4255371094,
0.2320556641,
-0.9223632812,
-0.7768554688,
0.0991821289,
0.8227539062,
0.3215332031,
0.4304199219,
-0.56640625,
-0.8178710938,
-0.2166748047,
-0.7807617188,
0.2039794922,
-0.1090698242,
-0.4411621094,
0.4233398438,
-0.775390625,
-0.1533203125,
-1.185546875,
0.1866455078,
0.3315429688,
-0.2368164062,
0.5209960938,
0.4924316406,
0.5571289062,
-0.3581542969,
0.7260742188,
-0.7446289062,
0.5361328125,
0.4694824219,
-0.3864746094,
-0.1854248047,
-0.1306152344,
0.1981201172,
-1.173828125,
0.1113891602,
-0.3869628906,
-0.9995117188,
0.2797851562,
-0.8198242188,
-0.3466796875,
0.4772949219,
-0.3532714844,
0.0111846924,
1.6259765625,
0.5258789062,
-0.1300048828,
0.4926757812,
0.2836914062,
-0.0564880371,
0.1883544922,
-0.6015625,
0.2800292969,
0.62890625,
-0.2127685547,
0.0066490173,
0.5541992188,
-1.107421875,
0.0381164551,
-0.3911132812,
0.2493896484,
-0.5776367188,
0.6625976562,
-0.4768066406,
0.34765625,
-0.6303710938,
-0.6298828125,
-0.2785644531,
0.1558837891,
-0.26171875,
-0.8154296875,
-1.0478515625,
-0.6567382812,
0.6821289062,
-0.8173828125,
-0.1790771484,
0.275390625,
0.7631835938,
0.2116699219,
-0.0054283142,
-0.1561279297,
-0.4753417969,
0.0070800781,
-0.3701171875,
-0.0063247681,
-0.2390136719,
-0.1704101562,
0.4953613281,
0.5517578125,
0.1981201172,
-0.6459960938,
-0.2634277344,
0.0406188965,
-0.4541015625,
0.0015888214,
-0.609375,
-0.0987548828,
0.4396972656,
-1.5517578125,
0.8955078125,
-1.1796875,
0.8974609375,
-1.0439453125,
0.9599609375,
0.4697265625,
0.7045898438,
0.1472167969,
-0.6645507812,
-0.6806640625,
-0.3166503906,
-0.0698242188,
-0.1840820312,
0.6616210938,
-0.517578125,
-0.1105957031,
-0.35546875,
0.6083984375,
-1.0966796875,
0.0128707886,
-0.9106445312,
0.6572265625,
0.2336425781,
0.5400390625,
0.4418945312,
-0.2626953125,
0.0811157227,
0.3850097656,
-0.1705322266,
-0.1301269531,
0.8994140625,
-0.59375,
-0.0817871094,
-0.4611816406,
0.2990722656,
0.6665039062,
0.6518554688,
-0.4067382812,
-0.7900390625,
1.876953125,
-1.05859375,
-0.55859375,
-0.0935668945,
-0.3151855469,
-0.3715820312,
0.6362304688,
0.1549072266,
-0.1779785156,
-0.5747070312,
-0.1978759766,
-0.7607421875,
0.9052734375,
0.5756835938,
0.6630859375,
-0.3891601562,
0.6215820312,
-0.5883789062,
0.0986938477,
-0.384765625,
0.3684082031,
-0.4118652344,
0.265625,
0.4777832031,
0.4912109375,
0.3083496094,
0.1381835938,
-0.5551757812,
-0.1271972656,
0.2009277344,
-0.4714355469,
0.1107177734,
0.3620605469,
-0.3249511719,
0.0109329224,
1.177734375,
0.6352539062,
-0.2133789062,
0.6630859375,
0.83203125,
0.4516601562,
0.7553710938,
0.5375976562,
0.1160888672,
-0.7587890625,
0.37109375,
0.3962402344,
-0.3833007812,
-0.6811523438,
-0.037902832,
0.0052909851,
-0.4313964844,
-0.5317382812,
0.4033203125,
0.1073608398,
-0.4267578125,
0.8364257812,
-0.4782714844,
-0.3566894531,
-0.2941894531,
-0.3601074219,
-0.5024414062,
-0.3452148438,
0.4360351562,
-0.8071289062,
0.1638183594,
0.3203125,
-0.6655273438,
-0.0755004883,
-0.1968994141,
-0.1024169922,
0.8076171875,
0.9287109375,
-0.0971679688,
0.501953125,
0.3061523438,
-0.6166992188,
0.0538635254,
1.3466796875,
0.3701171875,
-0.0265350342,
-0.1042480469,
0.2194824219,
0.884765625,
-0.900390625,
0.2924804688,
0.1632080078,
0.0935058594,
0.322265625,
0.6337890625,
-0.365234375,
-0.5854492188,
0.2231445312,
0.3388671875,
-0.3334960938,
0.2115478516,
0.3784179688,
0.9189453125,
-0.3400878906,
-0.4089355469,
-0.9311523438,
-0.1350097656,
-1.248046875,
-0.4143066406,
-0.2204589844,
0.0969848633,
0.3371582031,
-0.2536621094,
0.3745117188,
-0.3759765625,
-0.5537109375,
-0.5307617188,
0.1157226562,
-0.3913574219,
-0.6723632812,
0.3041992188,
-0.1579589844,
-0.3596191406,
0.3801269531,
-0.1737060547,
-0.9765625,
-0.0478210449,
0.5537109375,
-0.0686645508,
-0.75390625,
0.6918945312,
0.2683105469,
-0.1538085938,
0.4406738281,
0.6020507812,
-0.0569458008,
-0.7006835938,
0.8530273438,
-0.380859375,
0.2001953125,
-1.0576171875,
0.4189453125,
0.0462341309,
0.6293945312,
-0.015838623,
-0.5942382812,
0.034362793,
0.060333252,
-0.6948242188,
2.7421875,
0.0808105469,
0.7626953125,
-0.0395812988,
0.0099487305,
-0.1491699219,
-0.0892333984,
0.53515625,
-0.3825683594,
-0.15234375,
-0.9140625,
-0.0109024048,
0.3271484375,
0.6928710938,
-0.2976074219,
-0.4226074219,
0.1610107422,
-0.3112792969,
0.4362792969,
0.830078125,
-0.0412597656,
-0.271484375,
-0.703125,
-1.0947265625,
-0.548828125,
-0.0485229492,
-0.0525512695,
0.9262695312,
0.3081054688,
0.0246276855,
0.7749023438,
-0.552734375,
0.2265625,
0.2253417969,
0.5073242188,
0.7075195312,
-0.3002929688,
1.171875,
0.9321289062,
-0.2583007812,
-0.513671875,
-1.123046875,
0.0432739258,
-0.7236328125,
0.5805664062,
0.0605773926,
2.04296875,
0.0516052246,
0.8466796875,
0.203125,
1.109375,
-0.2045898438,
-0.8823242188,
1.17578125,
-0.0552978516,
-0.0903930664,
-0.4384765625,
-0.3149414062,
-0.6904296875,
-1.740234375,
-1.091796875,
0.3200683594,
0.3254394531,
-0.7260742188,
-0.3728027344,
-0.1871337891,
-0.114440918,
-0.4672851562,
-0.9877929688,
0.4548339844,
0.9462890625,
0.9252929688,
0.3024902344,
0.0224304199,
0.3051757812,
0.1549072266,
-0.4963378906,
-0.3286132812,
0.4123535156,
-0.8271484375,
-0.0285644531,
-0.4897460938,
0.458984375,
-1.642578125,
0.0087432861,
0.4729003906,
-0.9931640625,
-0.4094238281,
-0.7387695312,
0.0304107666,
-0.096496582,
-0.3957519531,
-1.2099609375,
-0.2741699219,
-0.548828125,
-0.1607666016,
0.0434570312,
-0.4284667969,
-0.6235351562,
1.1337890625,
0.0728149414,
-0.0083618164,
0.4267578125,
-0.1024169922,
-0.3293457031,
0.1200561523,
2.1953125,
-0.6435546875,
-0.138671875,
0.3935546875,
-0.2327880859,
0.2744140625,
-0.396484375,
0.1580810547,
-0.1997070312,
-0.4279785156,
-0.2736816406,
-1.462890625,
-0.4731445312,
-0.1663818359,
-0.0404052734,
-0.921875,
0.4714355469,
-0.5991210938,
0.1516113281,
0.5581054688,
-0.2861328125,
-1.4541015625,
-0.2161865234,
-1.32421875,
-0.7958984375,
1.1572265625,
-0.59375,
1.42578125,
0.322265625,
-0.544921875,
-0.4213867188,
-0.29296875,
1.201171875,
0.0118942261,
0.6552734375,
0.4689941406,
0.51171875,
0.8671875,
0.6201171875,
0.4521484375,
0.3171386719,
0.951171875,
-0.2897949219,
-0.5297851562,
-0.2409667969,
-0.5141601562,
0.7397460938,
-0.3515625,
0.0875244141,
0.6596679688,
0.0168609619,
-0.0396728516,
0.0212249756,
0.6748046875,
0.1479492188,
-1.4404296875,
-0.421875,
-0.4553222656,
0.2438964844,
-0.796875,
0.2592773438,
0.0967407227,
-0.043182373,
-0.9174804688,
-0.42578125,
-0.5395507812,
0.7724609375,
-0.2108154297,
-0.8833007812,
0.0942382812,
-0.1970214844,
-1.23828125,
-0.1770019531,
0.2680664062,
0.2712402344,
0.1788330078,
-0.1458740234,
-1.0556640625,
0.3122558594,
-0.1965332031,
-0.6826171875,
-0.1658935547,
0.4223632812,
0.1754150391,
-2.349609375,
-0.2161865234,
0.4797363281,
-0.0028858185,
-0.072265625,
-0.1267089844,
0.548828125,
0.8251953125,
0.3276367188,
-0.4211425781,
-0.0994262695,
0.1638183594,
-0.0705566406,
0.4365234375,
-0.0174560547,
-0.5639648438,
0.3706054688,
0.453125,
0.2169189453,
1.318359375,
-0.5322265625,
0.2230224609,
-0.3391113281,
-0.7548828125,
0.2183837891,
-0.4636230469,
0.1904296875,
-0.8203125,
-0.3688964844,
-0.3400878906,
-0.5859375,
0.3273925781,
0.5395507812,
-0.4328613281,
-0.5385742188,
-0.697265625,
-0.4697265625,
0.6176757812,
-1.3681640625,
0.63671875,
-0.4331054688,
1.716796875,
0.5947265625,
1.5849609375,
0.0405883789,
0.1166992188,
-0.1463623047,
0.0623474121,
-0.2015380859,
-0.4416503906,
0.1043701172,
-0.2420654297,
-0.6435546875,
-0.1185302734,
0.4326171875,
-0.2861328125,
0.7158203125,
0.0854492188,
-0.7973632812,
-0.5268554688,
-0.0046310425,
-1.990234375,
0.9916992188,
0.3249511719,
-0.5561523438,
0.4106445312,
0.3935546875,
0.0639038086,
-1.169921875,
-0.3303222656,
0.4172363281,
0.2941894531,
-0.8203125,
-0.2133789062,
0.0661010742,
-1.4248046875,
0.0032958984,
1.8681640625,
-0.1564941406,
-0.568359375,
0.2978515625,
0.3049316406,
0.6928710938,
0.5561523438,
-0.0639038086,
0.857421875,
-0.4772949219,
0.5327148438,
-0.70703125,
0.6982421875,
-0.2810058594,
0.2397460938,
-0.552734375,
-0.3483886719,
-0.8486328125,
0.3767089844,
-0.8647460938,
-0.7626953125,
0.2242431641,
-0.7534179688,
-0.5107421875,
1.009765625,
-0.1492919922,
0.3596191406,
0.9467773438,
0.55859375,
-1.0400390625,
-0.1970214844,
0.2614746094,
0.1402587891,
-0.3603515625,
-0.6352539062,
1.009765625,
-0.287109375,
-0.5170898438,
-0.0581054688,
0.4975585938,
-0.0814819336,
-0.3076171875,
0.7021484375,
-0.6884765625,
-0.3149414062,
0.4528808594,
0.2474365234,
0.3647460938,
1.0302734375,
0.2077636719,
-0.0869750977,
-0.0753173828,
-1.345703125,
0.2856445312,
-0.1802978516,
0.2287597656,
0.1233520508,
-0.071472168,
0.2900390625,
-0.705078125,
0.46875,
0.521484375,
0.814453125,
0.576171875,
-0.0033283234,
0.011932373,
0.5961914062,
0.6909179688,
-0.7397460938,
0.3542480469,
1.35546875,
-0.724609375,
0.3764648438,
1.416015625,
0.5390625,
-0.4255371094,
0.0678100586,
0.0991210938,
0.2722167969,
0.2722167969,
0.4279785156,
-0.5034179688,
0.1273193359,
0.1810302734,
-0.765625,
0.8037109375,
0.7426757812,
-0.0708618164,
0.2082519531,
-0.0623474121,
0.3576660156,
-0.0830078125,
-0.7192382812,
-0.1538085938,
0.6875,
0.8818359375,
0.3579101562,
-0.3479003906,
-0.4252929688,
0.0494995117,
-0.548828125,
-0.0377197266,
0.1911621094,
0.9765625,
-0.2626953125,
0.3415527344,
1.30078125,
-0.2282714844,
-0.3793945312,
-0.0791625977,
0.3498535156,
-0.5834960938,
-0.0339355469,
0.8286132812,
0.7724609375,
-1.7216796875,
1.05859375,
0.3979492188,
-0.4548339844,
0.1538085938,
0.337890625,
-0.1156005859,
-0.3830566406,
0.0211486816,
-0.7719726562,
-0.1633300781,
-0.1593017578,
0.4208984375,
0.537109375,
1.0576171875,
0.0903930664,
0.1494140625,
0.3974609375,
0.4895019531,
-0.5122070312,
-0.171875,
0.3403320312,
-0.0947875977,
0.912109375,
-0.1688232422,
0.71484375,
0.4018554688,
-1.58984375,
0.828125,
0.2749023438,
0.67578125,
0.4685058594,
0.609375,
0.2612304688,
0.8178710938,
0.8486328125,
0.4233398438,
0.1784667969,
-0.1375732422,
-0.2124023438,
-0.640625,
-0.0427246094,
-0.5283203125,
0.841796875,
-0.0303497314,
0.1527099609,
0.3349609375,
0.1068115234,
0.4006347656,
1.005859375,
-0.7294921875,
0.024887085,
-0.33203125,
-0.435546875,
-0.1048583984,
0.4995117188,
-0.3149414062,
0.5673828125,
0.6162109375,
-0.302734375,
0.3620605469,
-0.2315673828,
0.1221313477,
0.0391235352,
-0.1696777344,
0.2724609375,
-0.6020507812,
-0.8623046875,
0.1127929688,
-0.8032226562,
-0.3754882812,
-0.0369567871,
-0.1303710938,
1.0537109375,
-1.1826171875,
-0.3693847656,
-0.6728515625,
-0.1297607422,
0.1235961914,
0.19921875,
0.9990234375,
0.0775756836,
0.87109375,
-0.2622070312,
-0.2244873047,
-0.4248046875,
-0.8359375,
0.2504882812,
-0.1067504883,
-0.5122070312,
-0.4743652344,
-0.447265625,
-0.3098144531,
0.2325439453,
-0.0375061035,
-0.3754882812,
0.3095703125,
-0.2155761719,
0.7329101562,
0.2622070312,
-0.9165039062,
0.5102539062,
-0.6020507812,
-0.9536132812,
0.3420410156,
0.3588867188,
0.5361328125,
0.0186157227,
0.4665527344,
0.2425537109,
-0.2927246094,
-0.322265625,
-0.3205566406,
-0.1463623047,
-0.3537597656,
-0.126953125,
-0.16796875,
0.4611816406,
0.1434326172,
-0.220703125,
-0.0217437744,
0.7690429688,
-1.2529296875,
-0.3173828125,
-0.1898193359,
0.0745239258,
-0.4714355469,
0.0771484375,
0.1973876953,
0.1729736328,
0.1857910156,
0.6694335938,
-0.1667480469,
-1.0693359375,
0.1318359375,
-0.0387573242,
-0.4294433594,
-0.6499023438,
-0.380859375,
0.1820068359,
-0.3425292969,
0.1440429688,
0.7509765625,
0.8100585938,
0.2276611328,
-0.095703125,
1.1298828125,
0.9985351562,
-0.3276367188,
-0.8759765625,
0.0885009766,
0.6508789062,
-0.2475585938,
-1.640625,
-14.0546875,
-1.2138671875,
0.654296875,
-0.3166503906,
-0.9951171875,
-0.1363525391,
0.451171875,
-1.0537109375,
-0.7543945312,
-0.2731933594,
-0.2196044922,
0.6518554688,
-0.9340820312,
-0.8012695312,
-0.5122070312,
-0.3471679688,
-0.4333496094,
-0.7475585938,
0.4711914062,
0.5659179688,
0.513671875,
-0.0673217773,
-1.03125,
1.0205078125,
-0.7407226562,
0.1760253906,
-0.2065429688,
-0.2015380859,
0.0360412598,
-0.6181640625,
0.1296386719,
0.3747558594,
-0.2578125,
0.69921875,
-0.4831542969,
0.4982910156,
-0.4428710938,
0.0467834473,
0.767578125,
-0.3176269531,
-0.4182128906,
0.60546875,
-0.623046875,
0.4880371094,
-0.8974609375,
-0.1424560547,
0.4018554688,
-0.0994262695,
-0.0308532715,
0.3264160156,
0.3989257812,
1.646484375,
0.5581054688,
1.2060546875,
-1.345703125,
0.4326171875,
-0.7895507812,
1.0546875,
-0.3022460938,
0.1219482422,
0.1317138672,
0.3012695312,
0.7856445312,
0.5048828125,
-1.1904296875,
-0.8896484375,
-1.1142578125,
-0.6728515625,
0.0827026367,
-0.7036132812,
0.5805664062,
0.0484924316,
0.8374023438,
-0.353515625,
0.5385742188,
0.5122070312,
-0.1478271484,
-1.2333984375,
-0.0307006836,
0.0550842285,
-1.0185546875,
-0.9150390625
] |
This process requires a concrete particular (material) to be abstracted into the universal intelligible (immaterial). The material and immaterial interact through the Active Intellect, which is a "divine light" containing the intelligible forms. The Active Intellect reveals the universals concealed in material objects much like the sun makes colour available to our eyes. Other contributions
Astronomy and astrology
Avicenna wrote an attack on astrology titled Resāla fī ebṭāl aḥkām al-nojūm, in which he cited passages from the Quran to dispute the power of astrology to foretell the future. He believed that each planet had some influence on the earth, but argued against astrologers being able to determine the exact effects. Avicenna's astronomical writings had some influence on later writers, although in general his work could be considered less developed than Alhazen or Al-Biruni. One important feature of his writing is that he considers mathematical astronomy as a separate discipline to astrology. He criticized Aristotle's view of the stars receiving their light from the Sun, stating that the stars are self-luminous, and believed that the planets are also self-luminous. He claimed to have observed Venus as a spot on the Sun. This is possible, as there was a transit on 24 May 1032, but Avicenna did not give the date of his observation, and modern scholars have questioned whether he could have observed the transit from his location at that time; he may have mistaken a sunspot for Venus. He used his transit observation to help establish that Venus was, at least sometimes, below the Sun in Ptolemaic cosmology, i.e. | [
0.5327148438,
0.3828125,
0.2080078125,
-0.1076660156,
-0.9614257812,
0.2653808594,
0.68359375,
-0.3774414062,
-0.552734375,
-0.0788574219,
0.3325195312,
-0.4475097656,
-0.5659179688,
-0.0357971191,
0.7602539062,
-0.2727050781,
-0.0845947266,
-0.1166992188,
-0.057434082,
-0.8740234375,
-0.2639160156,
-0.8012695312,
0.1643066406,
-1.1513671875,
-0.3835449219,
-0.1564941406,
-0.330078125,
0.1569824219,
-0.0179443359,
-0.1945800781,
0.2731933594,
-0.3564453125,
0.2332763672,
-0.5600585938,
0.104675293,
0.55078125,
0.005355835,
-1.1005859375,
-0.4438476562,
0.4255371094,
-1.119140625,
-0.1459960938,
-0.6586914062,
0.2453613281,
0.3078613281,
0.2166748047,
0.2252197266,
0.1624755859,
0.0340270996,
-0.4892578125,
-1.6123046875,
-0.1745605469,
-0.1097412109,
-0.4970703125,
-0.1970214844,
0.0234832764,
0.4250488281,
-0.982421875,
-0.7172851562,
-0.650390625,
-0.5844726562,
-0.2902832031,
-0.2995605469,
-0.7153320312,
0.4538574219,
-0.3083496094,
-0.096862793,
-1.1884765625,
0.3876953125,
0.7548828125,
-1.04296875,
-0.0597839355,
-0.2371826172,
-0.4819335938,
-1.001953125,
-0.99609375,
0.3295898438,
0.2498779297,
0.0459289551,
0.4892578125,
0.0124053955,
-0.3190917969,
-0.609375,
-1.283203125,
-0.2188720703,
0.3815917969,
-0.1411132812,
-0.0856323242,
-0.5126953125,
1.615234375,
0.0676879883,
0.0132369995,
-0.7607421875,
-0.3117675781,
0.1866455078,
0.4951171875,
-0.083984375,
-0.3188476562,
-1.2802734375,
-0.6450195312,
-0.0758666992,
-1.7861328125,
0.2858886719,
0.345703125,
-0.421875,
0.2270507812,
0.0729370117,
-0.5493164062,
0.3491210938,
-0.4951171875,
0.4821777344,
-0.6235351562,
-0.3959960938,
-0.3395996094,
0.9091796875,
0.2353515625,
0.0508117676,
-0.2490234375,
-0.9658203125,
-0.2019042969,
-0.4992675781,
1.2587890625,
-0.0667724609,
-0.4118652344,
1.25,
0.4846191406,
-0.4448242188,
-0.3549804688,
-0.5815429688,
0.8959960938,
0.0619506836,
-0.8686523438,
-0.5556640625,
-0.3400878906,
0.2524414062,
-0.5439453125,
0.4184570312,
-0.353515625,
0.1397705078,
1.0888671875,
-0.7666015625,
0.1702880859,
0.1998291016,
0.0317077637,
0.384765625,
-0.1489257812,
-0.1878662109,
0.7856445312,
-0.1811523438,
-1.3349609375,
0.2590332031,
-0.1962890625,
0.4140625,
-0.3193359375,
-0.1427001953,
0.263671875,
-0.1455078125,
-0.4936523438,
-0.2399902344,
0.0342407227,
-0.2807617188,
-0.4833984375,
-0.2687988281,
-0.6201171875,
-0.1411132812,
0.4150390625,
-0.9892578125,
0.0432434082,
0.955078125,
0.8461914062,
-1.6103515625,
0.3859863281,
-0.158203125,
0.1424560547,
1.04296875,
-0.7783203125,
0.9790039062,
0.91015625,
0.3032226562,
-0.5239257812,
1,
-1.56640625,
0.3576660156,
-0.4721679688,
0.376953125,
-0.0625610352,
0.1604003906,
-0.029586792,
-0.2462158203,
-0.0797729492,
-0.4279785156,
0.1334228516,
-0.1171875,
0.1208496094,
-1.25,
-0.2756347656,
0.0902709961,
-0.0151062012,
-0.0975341797,
0.337890625,
-0.4304199219,
0.626953125,
0.5805664062,
0.1469726562,
-0.1267089844,
-0.1337890625,
0.4765625,
0.0056190491,
-0.2609863281,
-0.1856689453,
0.3305664062,
0.3117675781,
-0.5322265625,
0.177734375,
-0.7275390625,
1.1689453125,
-0.0049438477,
-0.3454589844,
0.3444824219,
-0.5859375,
-0.069519043,
-0.5341796875,
-1.5439453125,
0.5581054688,
-1.82421875,
0.7529296875,
-0.2473144531,
1.4326171875,
0.8369140625,
1.0966796875,
-0.615234375,
-0.2458496094,
-1.43359375,
-0.1146850586,
0.3881835938,
-0.3015136719,
-0.4128417969,
-0.4926757812,
-0.2020263672,
-0.794921875,
0.2841796875,
0.0207061768,
0.6708984375,
-0.5424804688,
0.580078125,
0.9086914062,
0.6948242188,
1.107421875,
0.0112609863,
-0.1233520508,
0.90625,
0.8461914062,
-0.1909179688,
0.5043945312,
-0.2027587891,
0.2766113281,
-0.6860351562,
0.4243164062,
-0.3129882812,
0.3732910156,
-0.3542480469,
-0.2160644531,
1.037109375,
-0.1530761719,
-0.9858398438,
0.287109375,
-0.0577697754,
-0.2663574219,
0.22265625,
0.65625,
-0.1039428711,
-0.2583007812,
0.0107955933,
-0.5620117188,
0.6850585938,
0.7583007812,
0.0668334961,
-1.2509765625,
0.3078613281,
-1.1435546875,
0.1752929688,
-0.8110351562,
1.119140625,
-0.8330078125,
0.4123535156,
0.5283203125,
1.67578125,
0.5356445312,
-0.0391540527,
0.1235351562,
-0.2147216797,
0.4348144531,
-0.8466796875,
0.3005371094,
-0.0729980469,
-0.2248535156,
-0.1817626953,
0.7934570312,
0.5698242188,
-0.0775756836,
1.0927734375,
0.693359375,
0.0420227051,
-0.1490478516,
1.0537109375,
1.005859375,
-0.0973510742,
0.5981445312,
0.2236328125,
0.0665893555,
-0.287109375,
0.5810546875,
-0.884765625,
0.5278320312,
-0.9951171875,
-0.1762695312,
-0.8120117188,
0.2386474609,
-0.1984863281,
-0.1667480469,
0.1167602539,
-0.4301757812,
-0.1035766602,
-0.4650878906,
0.1676025391,
0.322265625,
-0.4401855469,
-0.1665039062,
0.8784179688,
-0.2961425781,
0.7495117188,
0.1654052734,
-0.7485351562,
1.015625,
-0.1900634766,
0.1888427734,
0.791015625,
0.7885742188,
-0.4291992188,
-0.244140625,
0.1053466797,
0.96484375,
0.28515625,
-0.2849121094,
0.4436035156,
0.5126953125,
-0.8540039062,
-0.3525390625,
0.3645019531,
0.1452636719,
0.7548828125,
-0.7221679688,
-0.849609375,
-0.4521484375,
-0.059967041,
-0.5444335938,
-0.6811523438,
0.0096206665,
-0.1590576172,
0.705078125,
-0.9462890625,
-0.3920898438,
-0.646484375,
-0.0117721558,
-0.666015625,
-0.53125,
-0.1077270508,
-0.0031929016,
0.7709960938,
-0.4641113281,
0.0564880371,
-0.2854003906,
-0.9853515625,
-0.3686523438,
-0.0365905762,
-0.4072265625,
-0.0034885406,
0.9169921875,
-0.9833984375,
-0.2985839844,
-0.4721679688,
-0.4245605469,
-1.01171875,
-0.5517578125,
0.52734375,
0.0969848633,
-1.2197265625,
0.1934814453,
-0.1042480469,
0.3503417969,
1.146484375,
0.5703125,
-0.638671875,
-0.3979492188,
0.5180664062,
0.5209960938,
0.71875,
-0.6303710938,
-0.1934814453,
0.568359375,
0.2805175781,
-0.0613098145,
0.0510559082,
0.666015625,
-0.0915527344,
-0.5024414062,
2.29296875,
-0.26171875,
-0.1682128906,
-0.8447265625,
-0.1749267578,
-0.2827148438,
0.1301269531,
0.4309082031,
-0.1234130859,
-0.4360351562,
-0.8461914062,
-0.0761108398,
0.1516113281,
-0.1729736328,
-0.75,
-0.533203125,
-0.0827026367,
0.0579833984,
0.408203125,
0.8984375,
0.0726318359,
0.2340087891,
0.0442810059,
-1.5263671875,
-0.0845336914,
-0.0575561523,
-0.4455566406,
0.7231445312,
-0.2951660156,
-0.3442382812,
-0.0047721863,
0.0784912109,
-0.0012550354,
-0.2229003906,
-0.3647460938,
0.6108398438,
-0.900390625,
1.1728515625,
-0.5283203125,
-0.0623474121,
-0.6826171875,
-1.0537109375,
0.4187011719,
-0.4948730469,
-0.0918579102,
0.0512390137,
1.349609375,
0.31640625,
0.2496337891,
0.166015625,
0.6381835938,
-0.4946289062,
-0.2526855469,
1.751953125,
-0.0020065308,
0.3903808594,
-0.947265625,
0.2475585938,
0.3447265625,
-2.119140625,
-0.7954101562,
0.0940551758,
-0.796875,
-0.3334960938,
0.0901489258,
0.2010498047,
0.1636962891,
-0.2922363281,
-0.012008667,
0.4772949219,
-0.615234375,
0.7036132812,
0.4997558594,
0.5952148438,
1.380859375,
0.0260467529,
0.0074577332,
-0.0495605469,
-0.0528869629,
-0.8715820312,
-0.005241394,
-0.1330566406,
-0.0570983887,
-1.380859375,
0.4089355469,
-0.447265625,
-0.7197265625,
0.092956543,
-0.4123535156,
-0.1051635742,
0.1674804688,
-0.051361084,
-0.85546875,
-0.3469238281,
-1.244140625,
-0.2241210938,
0.4951171875,
0.1811523438,
-0.3041992188,
1.470703125,
-0.1514892578,
0.3034667969,
0.9790039062,
0.9643554688,
0.0409545898,
-0.1678466797,
1.3212890625,
-0.1107177734,
0.3190917969,
0.2196044922,
-0.1967773438,
0.2568359375,
-0.5498046875,
-0.0114898682,
-0.0014533997,
-0.3137207031,
-0.4702148438,
-1.0185546875,
-1.314453125,
-0.099609375,
-0.0013532639,
0.0576171875,
0.3642578125,
0.2202148438,
0.2062988281,
0.8930664062,
-0.2362060547,
-0.1342773438,
-0.4641113281,
-0.9682617188,
0.1444091797,
1.2294921875,
0.5502929688,
0.7231445312,
0.5971679688,
0.7290039062,
0.1512451172,
-0.4189453125,
0.9833984375,
0.1838378906,
0.5463867188,
1.1259765625,
0.2017822266,
-0.0621337891,
0.0832519531,
-0.6665039062,
-0.6010742188,
0.9794921875,
0.3166503906,
0.42578125,
0.2066650391,
-0.8520507812,
0.6860351562,
0.3271484375,
-0.85546875,
-0.6630859375,
-0.3549804688,
0.0447998047,
-0.5805664062,
0.1467285156,
-0.1549072266,
-0.7758789062,
-0.9379882812,
-0.8110351562,
-1.3037109375,
-0.828125,
0.1981201172,
0.2048339844,
-0.6088867188,
-0.7412109375,
-0.6411132812,
0.0664672852,
0.7236328125,
1.03515625,
-0.5688476562,
0.54296875,
-0.9091796875,
-0.8212890625,
0.6997070312,
0.896484375,
0.0361633301,
-1.81640625,
-0.8540039062,
-0.5512695312,
-0.4162597656,
-0.6669921875,
0.5454101562,
-0.0650634766,
1.4755859375,
0.69140625,
-1.5078125,
-1.234375,
0.1108398438,
0.2297363281,
0.5668945312,
-0.3078613281,
1.2021484375,
0.6669921875,
0.6123046875,
-0.3833007812,
0.6728515625,
0.6953125,
-0.3647460938,
0.775390625,
0.2319335938,
0.2462158203,
0.6669921875,
-0.2102050781,
0.1619873047,
0.7216796875,
-0.2819824219,
-0.3591308594,
0.3901367188,
-1.734375,
-0.5673828125,
-0.6328125,
-0.173828125,
0.5493164062,
0.3876953125,
0.2854003906,
-0.1801757812,
0.3686523438,
-1.0634765625,
-1.158203125,
0.0401306152,
-0.6166992188,
-0.5126953125,
0.7734375,
-0.1429443359,
-0.4855957031,
-0.6865234375,
1.44921875,
0.6435546875,
0.7905273438,
0.2893066406,
0.0338134766,
-0.0557250977,
-0.3737792969,
0.4819335938,
0.0272521973,
0.3063964844,
1.4091796875,
-1.1103515625,
-0.3930664062,
0.419921875,
0.6352539062,
0.1477050781,
0.6235351562,
-0.1729736328,
0.7309570312,
-0.0539550781,
-1.359375,
1.6318359375,
-0.4309082031,
0.1693115234,
0.0234527588,
-0.3403320312,
-0.2807617188,
-0.3132324219,
0.7397460938,
-0.2861328125,
0.1663818359,
-0.7197265625,
0.2568359375,
0.7729492188,
-1.419921875,
-0.2376708984,
-0.1149291992,
-0.2890625,
0.412109375,
-0.1678466797,
-0.3767089844,
-0.5029296875,
1.322265625,
-0.1667480469,
0.8383789062,
0.2663574219,
0.1078491211,
-0.6826171875,
-0.0707397461,
-0.2902832031,
0.3930664062,
0.0884399414,
-0.5639648438,
0.4973144531,
-0.3498535156,
-0.3837890625,
-0.2573242188,
-0.8168945312,
-0.5361328125,
-1.2529296875,
0.2795410156,
-0.9331054688,
0.57421875,
0.2269287109,
0.0712280273,
-0.1080322266,
0.119140625,
0.349609375,
0.4326171875,
-0.8657226562,
-1.201171875,
0.022277832,
-0.427734375,
-0.2457275391,
-0.2467041016,
0.9965820312,
-0.0632324219,
0.0120620728,
0.1958007812,
-0.51953125,
0.102722168,
0.4909667969,
0.3786621094,
0.007068634,
0.5556640625,
-0.0561828613,
-0.3793945312,
-0.1036376953,
-0.3464355469,
0.0927734375,
-0.0197906494,
-0.0869140625,
-0.6997070312,
0.5913085938,
0.0439758301,
0.1231689453,
-0.234375,
-0.28125,
0.748046875,
0.8232421875,
0.455078125,
-0.3022460938,
0.8422851562,
0.2543945312,
-0.7216796875,
0.6103515625,
1.4873046875,
-0.8627929688,
-0.2019042969,
1.2998046875,
1.173828125,
0.1512451172,
-0.7373046875,
-0.3522949219,
0.4401855469,
-0.2541503906,
0.177734375,
-0.0676269531,
-1.0361328125,
-0.4934082031,
-0.5083007812,
0.3178710938,
0.3666992188,
0.0581665039,
0.0519714355,
0.2346191406,
0.5595703125,
0.8999023438,
-0.2250976562,
-0.0338745117,
0.4868164062,
-0.2319335938,
0.5434570312,
-0.1481933594,
0.3374023438,
-0.1680908203,
-0.1528320312,
0.2829589844,
0.4470214844,
1.14453125,
-1.2353515625,
0.7626953125,
0.2034912109,
-0.984375,
-0.9619140625,
-0.0719604492,
0.4067382812,
0.1458740234,
0.556640625,
-0.2934570312,
1.18359375,
-2.0390625,
0.4128417969,
-0.0269470215,
0.8940429688,
0.1751708984,
0.83203125,
-0.0762329102,
0.5366210938,
-1.0029296875,
-0.9794921875,
0.310546875,
0.0889892578,
-0.6274414062,
0.5502929688,
0.3845214844,
-0.6245117188,
0.9497070312,
0.5327148438,
0.1595458984,
-0.3562011719,
-0.3801269531,
0.4724121094,
-0.4782714844,
1.1689453125,
-0.2922363281,
0.092956543,
0.0548706055,
-0.0748901367,
0.1674804688,
0.2121582031,
-0.2277832031,
-0.51171875,
0.478515625,
0.3642578125,
0.6713867188,
0.5278320312,
0.4868164062,
0.51953125,
0.2193603516,
-0.1467285156,
-0.2390136719,
-0.008934021,
-0.7216796875,
0.7739257812,
0.0111846924,
0.021270752,
0.0573425293,
0.3935546875,
1.0185546875,
0.4406738281,
-0.1708984375,
-0.1960449219,
-0.3972167969,
-0.2073974609,
0.0451965332,
1.0966796875,
0.9453125,
-0.7314453125,
0.3986816406,
0.1689453125,
0.5161132812,
-0.6450195312,
-0.455078125,
0.5498046875,
-0.794921875,
-0.1520996094,
0.4970703125,
-0.4194335938,
0.42578125,
-1.6884765625,
0.075012207,
-0.6245117188,
1.0478515625,
0.5458984375,
-2.005859375,
-0.5209960938,
0.2474365234,
-0.3354492188,
-0.4858398438,
-0.0074462891,
0.6440429688,
-0.8461914062,
0.779296875,
-0.591796875,
0.3129882812,
-0.9604492188,
-0.5620117188,
0.0170440674,
-1.220703125,
-0.7338867188,
-0.4536132812,
0.3369140625,
0.0171356201,
0.7446289062,
-0.515625,
-0.5219726562,
0.4909667969,
0.6977539062,
0.2478027344,
-0.3068847656,
-0.4165039062,
-0.7758789062,
0.2631835938,
-0.3876953125,
1.0390625,
0.0595703125,
0.1030883789,
-0.0426025391,
-0.3723144531,
0.2937011719,
0.6323242188,
-0.0062065125,
-1.0283203125,
0.4311523438,
0.2666015625,
-0.0205688477,
1.2373046875,
0.0787353516,
-0.0588378906,
0.3481445312,
0.7026367188,
0.55078125,
-1.3466796875,
0.1895751953,
-0.9248046875,
-0.0706176758,
0.2702636719,
0.7099609375,
-0.0408325195,
0.2900390625,
-0.0871582031,
0.3937988281,
-0.5903320312,
-1.2421875,
0.5258789062,
-0.4916992188,
-0.3081054688,
0.5708007812,
-0.0484313965,
-0.1117553711,
-0.9521484375,
0.2521972656,
1.076171875,
1.0458984375,
0.6923828125,
-0.2531738281,
0.3698730469,
0.4116210938,
0.2351074219,
0.2126464844,
0.3752441406,
0.0602111816,
0.0995483398,
-1.0263671875,
-13.015625,
-1.2021484375,
0.8857421875,
-0.2531738281,
-1.5869140625,
0.0208282471,
1.22265625,
0.1268310547,
0.1135253906,
0.6333007812,
0.232421875,
0.7221679688,
-1.486328125,
-0.6733398438,
0.4426269531,
-0.6254882812,
-0.5708007812,
-0.669921875,
0.1263427734,
0.4309082031,
0.7397460938,
-0.3742675781,
-0.1724853516,
0.4572753906,
-1.001953125,
-0.6831054688,
0.5610351562,
0.7934570312,
0.3728027344,
-0.26171875,
0.0331726074,
-0.2274169922,
-0.112487793,
1.05859375,
-0.4404296875,
0.2827148438,
-0.5278320312,
0.3754882812,
1.533203125,
-0.3251953125,
-0.1225585938,
1.033203125,
-0.4907226562,
1.1943359375,
-0.3210449219,
0.0545959473,
0.5971679688,
-0.8657226562,
0.3415527344,
-0.2109375,
-0.4968261719,
1.994140625,
0.9448242188,
0.6708984375,
-1.0068359375,
-0.4040527344,
-2.001953125,
-0.1447753906,
-0.0772705078,
-0.1839599609,
-0.912109375,
0.4655761719,
0.1826171875,
0.2751464844,
-0.3037109375,
-0.3125,
-0.642578125,
-0.4885253906,
-0.2885742188,
-0.4240722656,
0.4233398438,
-0.0262298584,
0.4721679688,
-0.724609375,
0.7456054688,
0.4296875,
-0.0231323242,
-1.7216796875,
-1.427734375,
-0.5151367188,
-0.3823242188,
-0.6821289062
] |
the sphere of Venus comes before the sphere of the Sun when moving out from the Earth in the prevailing geocentric model. He also wrote the Summary of the Almagest, (based on Ptolemy's Almagest), with an appended treatise "to bring that which is stated in the Almagest and what is understood from Natural Science into conformity". For example, Avicenna considers the motion of the solar apogee, which Ptolemy had taken to be fixed. Chemistry
Avicenna was first to derive the attar of flowers from distillation and used steam distillation to produce essential oils such as rose essence, which he used as aromatherapeutic treatments for heart conditions. Unlike al-Razi, Avicenna explicitly disputed the theory of the transmutation of substances commonly believed by alchemists:
Four works on alchemy attributed to Avicenna were translated into Latin as:
was the most influential, having influenced later medieval chemists and alchemists such as Vincent of Beauvais. However, Anawati argues (following Ruska) that the de Anima is a fake by a Spanish author. Similarly the Declaratio is believed not to be actually by Avicenna. The third work (The Book of Minerals) is agreed to be Avicenna's writing, adapted from the Kitab al-Shifa (Book of the Remedy). Avicenna classified minerals into stones, fusible substances, sulfurs and salts, building on the ideas of Aristotle and Jabir. The epistola de Re recta is somewhat less sceptical of alchemy; Anawati argues that it is by Avicenna, but written earlier in his career when he had not yet firmly decided that transmutation was impossible. Poetry
Almost half of Avicenna's works are versified. | [
0.630859375,
-0.1027832031,
1.53125,
-0.4299316406,
-0.095703125,
-0.0591125488,
-0.3842773438,
-0.1322021484,
-0.1734619141,
0.3544921875,
0.6484375,
-0.0817260742,
0.5151367188,
-0.1986083984,
-0.3483886719,
0.4855957031,
-0.0914306641,
-0.0465698242,
-0.2463378906,
-0.263671875,
-0.5322265625,
-1.080078125,
-0.5927734375,
-1.1494140625,
-0.4228515625,
0.2253417969,
-0.1635742188,
0.7368164062,
0.3659667969,
-0.2138671875,
1.1826171875,
0.0184936523,
0.5561523438,
-0.8715820312,
-0.5834960938,
-0.0233459473,
-0.2946777344,
-0.4282226562,
-0.3544921875,
0.1197509766,
-0.5024414062,
-0.4521484375,
-0.7719726562,
0.35546875,
0.4299316406,
-0.8637695312,
-0.3935546875,
0.5517578125,
-0.3220214844,
-0.1527099609,
-2.01171875,
0.259765625,
-0.3227539062,
0.1122436523,
-0.3425292969,
-0.2583007812,
-0.1876220703,
-1.177734375,
-0.7963867188,
-0.8520507812,
-0.4064941406,
-0.073059082,
0.501953125,
-0.8486328125,
0.404296875,
-1.2685546875,
-0.296875,
-0.3120117188,
0.5498046875,
0.9497070312,
-0.58203125,
-0.0503540039,
-0.568359375,
-0.2054443359,
-1.28515625,
-0.2188720703,
-0.1619873047,
0.6469726562,
-0.5668945312,
0.4052734375,
-0.0384521484,
-0.4914550781,
-1.3349609375,
-0.9077148438,
0.1939697266,
1.044921875,
0.576171875,
-0.3327636719,
-1.0576171875,
1.5947265625,
-0.1206665039,
-0.1469726562,
-0.3813476562,
-0.1518554688,
0.0255279541,
0.3254394531,
0.0974121094,
-1.4033203125,
-1.234375,
-0.3168945312,
-0.2259521484,
-1.625,
0.1693115234,
-0.2241210938,
-0.0809936523,
0.9609375,
-0.3625488281,
-1.3125,
-0.3505859375,
-0.0725708008,
0.5073242188,
-0.0782470703,
0.1701660156,
-0.0620117188,
0.0227508545,
0.0477294922,
-0.2233886719,
-0.2709960938,
-0.2546386719,
-0.4079589844,
0.0231018066,
0.5498046875,
-0.3713378906,
-0.3674316406,
1.169921875,
0.185546875,
-0.6083984375,
0.0180358887,
-0.2365722656,
0.4450683594,
-0.9599609375,
-0.375,
0.4020996094,
-0.2976074219,
0.5903320312,
-0.65234375,
-0.2379150391,
-0.2575683594,
0.1314697266,
0.5522460938,
-0.55078125,
-0.2316894531,
0.0989990234,
0.0894775391,
0.6040039062,
-0.5615234375,
-0.0854492188,
0.734375,
-0.365234375,
-0.5727539062,
0.580078125,
-0.2053222656,
0.4860839844,
-0.2619628906,
-0.5771484375,
-0.1506347656,
-0.6069335938,
0.1285400391,
-0.7685546875,
0.0193939209,
0.0475158691,
-0.3093261719,
-0.6909179688,
0.3110351562,
-0.1444091797,
0.4304199219,
-0.6977539062,
-0.4426269531,
0.5659179688,
0.3474121094,
-1.3349609375,
0.544921875,
0.3288574219,
-0.0905761719,
0.6918945312,
-0.2360839844,
0.6958007812,
0.7578125,
-0.2053222656,
-0.7221679688,
0.44921875,
-1.6015625,
0.6357421875,
-0.71875,
0.3825683594,
-0.3024902344,
0.31640625,
-0.043762207,
-0.1236572266,
-0.2758789062,
-0.4670410156,
0.1373291016,
0.0396118164,
-0.2827148438,
-1.484375,
-0.6948242188,
0.1357421875,
0.6401367188,
-0.3100585938,
-0.576171875,
-0.2941894531,
0.841796875,
-0.0895385742,
0.1899414062,
-0.376953125,
0.2641601562,
0.1849365234,
0.2435302734,
0.2775878906,
-0.1547851562,
-0.1491699219,
0.1190795898,
-0.2814941406,
-0.01612854,
0.0617370605,
0.3664550781,
0.1093139648,
-0.4465332031,
-0.0492858887,
-0.4272460938,
-0.5439453125,
-0.6918945312,
-1.376953125,
-0.3864746094,
-1.380859375,
0.7309570312,
-0.609375,
1.279296875,
0.4133300781,
1.154296875,
-0.2294921875,
-0.357421875,
-1.4658203125,
0.3186035156,
-0.3464355469,
-0.0569152832,
-0.0390625,
-0.7939453125,
-0.1591796875,
-0.5087890625,
0.2795410156,
0.0999755859,
0.46484375,
-0.5107421875,
0.1828613281,
1.0380859375,
0.9755859375,
1.4521484375,
0.3327636719,
0.1875,
0.6997070312,
0.662109375,
0.0451049805,
-0.048248291,
0.1161499023,
-0.2622070312,
-0.501953125,
0.2504882812,
1.1171875,
-0.1014404297,
-0.0650024414,
-0.1390380859,
0.2751464844,
-0.716796875,
0.619140625,
-0.8208007812,
-0.4704589844,
-0.466796875,
0.4643554688,
0.3610839844,
0.4582519531,
-0.62890625,
-0.0910644531,
-0.4401855469,
0.8862304688,
0.4484863281,
-0.2009277344,
-0.3134765625,
-0.4416503906,
-0.1873779297,
0.3259277344,
-0.6259765625,
0.30078125,
-0.76953125,
0.4892578125,
-0.2490234375,
0.7319335938,
0.6733398438,
0.0099563599,
-0.3530273438,
-0.23828125,
0.0706787109,
-0.3601074219,
0.1708984375,
0.0260314941,
0.5200195312,
0.3371582031,
0.5483398438,
0.2330322266,
-1.083984375,
1.2548828125,
1.5791015625,
-0.4479980469,
0.5541992188,
0.4189453125,
0.7646484375,
-0.5444335938,
0.3852539062,
0.6665039062,
-0.2083740234,
0.0051879883,
-0.9077148438,
0.2629394531,
0.4689941406,
-0.515625,
0.0025348663,
-0.7797851562,
0.7856445312,
-0.1885986328,
-0.0770263672,
0.0653076172,
-0.3181152344,
0.9643554688,
-0.1151123047,
0.2485351562,
0.7524414062,
-0.7045898438,
-1.0029296875,
0.7338867188,
0.4365234375,
0.1394042969,
0.2397460938,
-0.8627929688,
1.072265625,
0.546875,
0.6684570312,
0.2001953125,
0.7255859375,
-0.3474121094,
-0.3344726562,
0.2436523438,
0.8959960938,
0.4670410156,
-0.3967285156,
0.1441650391,
0.7534179688,
-0.0340576172,
0.0373840332,
-0.3432617188,
0.1796875,
0.8188476562,
-0.2081298828,
-1.548828125,
-0.3383789062,
-0.0481567383,
0.8525390625,
-0.4597167969,
-0.2344970703,
1.2041015625,
0.3002929688,
-0.6171875,
-0.3596191406,
-0.67578125,
0.2724609375,
-0.2873535156,
-0.0495605469,
0.046875,
0.4770507812,
0.4670410156,
0.2108154297,
0.3349609375,
-0.1916503906,
-0.9521484375,
-0.5483398438,
0.0980834961,
-0.4443359375,
-0.6538085938,
1.0029296875,
-0.7216796875,
-0.2885742188,
-0.5234375,
-0.3056640625,
-1.0537109375,
0.0496520996,
0.9067382812,
-0.2174072266,
-1.166015625,
0.8198242188,
-1.2001953125,
0.2580566406,
0.2590332031,
0.6982421875,
0.2045898438,
0.283203125,
0.2188720703,
-0.2183837891,
0.5673828125,
-0.828125,
0.77734375,
0.0696411133,
0.44921875,
-0.7163085938,
-0.1517333984,
-0.1657714844,
0.4104003906,
-0.2780761719,
2.419921875,
-0.8330078125,
0.4011230469,
0.0464172363,
-0.2351074219,
0.3820800781,
-0.0907592773,
-0.2307128906,
-0.4284667969,
0.2658691406,
-0.2687988281,
0.3298339844,
0.8798828125,
0.1369628906,
-0.1711425781,
0.047088623,
0.5073242188,
0.1172485352,
-0.4296875,
0.8295898438,
0.37890625,
0.8012695312,
-0.6254882812,
-1.2724609375,
-0.3718261719,
0.0096206665,
-0.2293701172,
0.2963867188,
0.71484375,
-0.0023040771,
0.3117675781,
-0.3129882812,
0.62109375,
-0.349609375,
-0.0657348633,
0.7221679688,
-0.48046875,
1.2392578125,
0.2758789062,
0.2739257812,
-0.2058105469,
-0.5561523438,
0.3493652344,
-0.2749023438,
0.1319580078,
-0.8955078125,
1.669921875,
0.4011230469,
0.7807617188,
0.0131759644,
0.6938476562,
-0.2849121094,
0.0126647949,
1.0888671875,
0.365234375,
-0.0442504883,
-0.2163085938,
0.2941894531,
-0.3647460938,
-1.7373046875,
-1.0810546875,
0.7700195312,
0.1739501953,
0.2734375,
-0.1174316406,
0.3435058594,
-0.2296142578,
-0.4721679688,
0.1237182617,
0.0648193359,
0.052947998,
1.0068359375,
-0.3835449219,
0.2912597656,
0.2634277344,
0.2019042969,
-0.1319580078,
0.3920898438,
-0.1798095703,
0.3500976562,
-0.0362243652,
-0.208984375,
0.3288574219,
-1.62890625,
0.047668457,
0.841796875,
-0.873046875,
0.4020996094,
-0.255859375,
-0.0921020508,
0.1010131836,
-0.4562988281,
-0.2827148438,
-0.3830566406,
-0.91796875,
0.7290039062,
0.3327636719,
0.1293945312,
-0.2775878906,
1.4697265625,
-0.7822265625,
0.0791625977,
0.4213867188,
0.9306640625,
0.0043869019,
-0.0261230469,
1.5478515625,
-0.3325195312,
0.0963745117,
-0.0466003418,
-0.5600585938,
-0.5288085938,
0.2626953125,
0.4155273438,
-0.1286621094,
-0.3039550781,
0.4013671875,
-0.73046875,
-0.9921875,
-0.2990722656,
-0.314453125,
-0.7163085938,
0.0082321167,
-0.0911254883,
-0.0974731445,
-0.0087127686,
0.3212890625,
-0.0087738037,
-0.3225097656,
-1.197265625,
0.0284423828,
1.2822265625,
0.2888183594,
1.0341796875,
1.0625,
-0.3693847656,
-0.1853027344,
-0.3479003906,
1.00390625,
0.1398925781,
0.8515625,
1.3759765625,
0.1500244141,
0.3442382812,
0.5415039062,
-0.3481445312,
-0.2012939453,
0.5673828125,
-0.0069236755,
0.3627929688,
-0.2116699219,
-0.4985351562,
0.2956542969,
-0.150390625,
-0.7041015625,
-0.451171875,
0.7124023438,
0.556640625,
-0.859375,
0.4758300781,
0.3911132812,
-0.9912109375,
-0.4521484375,
-1.083984375,
-0.0043830872,
-1.30859375,
1.1748046875,
-0.010345459,
-0.8154296875,
-0.8525390625,
0.318359375,
-0.4099121094,
0.2568359375,
0.8369140625,
-0.1971435547,
0.4938964844,
-0.3791503906,
-1.1650390625,
0.4377441406,
0.4692382812,
0.3898925781,
-1.4951171875,
-0.71484375,
-0.5913085938,
-0.8486328125,
-0.5620117188,
0.7685546875,
0.4038085938,
0.8486328125,
0.2944335938,
-1.740234375,
-0.0461425781,
-0.0756225586,
0.2105712891,
0.3864746094,
-0.3637695312,
0.72265625,
-0.0490722656,
0.8427734375,
-0.5048828125,
0.7036132812,
0.8447265625,
0.1101074219,
0.091796875,
0.0798339844,
-0.0733642578,
0.4641113281,
0.2890625,
0.7973632812,
0.2915039062,
-0.2915039062,
-0.888671875,
0.0411071777,
-1.765625,
0.0279693604,
-0.4533691406,
0.9790039062,
1.0498046875,
0.419921875,
-0.2283935547,
0.0005002022,
-0.3315429688,
-0.427734375,
-0.6557617188,
0.4724121094,
-0.587890625,
-0.1641845703,
0.9536132812,
0.3122558594,
0.1429443359,
-0.5849609375,
1.7841796875,
0.1842041016,
0.6303710938,
1.1103515625,
0.1301269531,
0.0710449219,
-0.7373046875,
-0.51171875,
-0.0490722656,
0.1961669922,
0.5737304688,
-1.697265625,
-0.1197509766,
-0.1691894531,
-0.0136795044,
0.873046875,
0.8081054688,
-0.2254638672,
-0.732421875,
-0.0824584961,
-1.224609375,
1.4755859375,
-0.5717773438,
0.7607421875,
0.1759033203,
-0.7333984375,
-0.5571289062,
0.0551452637,
-0.1201171875,
-0.4309082031,
0.4018554688,
-0.5244140625,
0.1273193359,
1.4072265625,
-0.8305664062,
0.3957519531,
0.3969726562,
0.2353515625,
-0.1254882812,
-0.3361816406,
-0.2125244141,
1.1923828125,
0.9516601562,
-0.1677246094,
-0.1810302734,
0.4543457031,
0.1251220703,
-0.1221923828,
-0.787109375,
-0.619140625,
-0.110534668,
-0.0138473511,
-0.0795898438,
-0.0523986816,
-0.1057128906,
-0.345703125,
0.0759277344,
-0.6450195312,
-1.234375,
-0.2536621094,
0.0682983398,
0.3544921875,
0.1260986328,
-0.6201171875,
-0.7211914062,
-0.9047851562,
-0.0792236328,
0.4899902344,
0.3696289062,
-0.6391601562,
-0.779296875,
0.2172851562,
-0.2680664062,
0.0944213867,
0.0172576904,
0.1196289062,
-0.955078125,
0.41015625,
0.6108398438,
-0.8637695312,
0.0728759766,
0.4020996094,
0.396484375,
0.0266418457,
0.841796875,
0.2427978516,
0.0236358643,
-0.1457519531,
-0.908203125,
-0.8364257812,
-0.638671875,
-0.2435302734,
-0.4587402344,
0.0032157898,
0.1050415039,
0.4377441406,
0.6313476562,
0.3503417969,
0.9624023438,
-0.1744384766,
0.4340820312,
-0.1143188477,
0.5834960938,
0.2263183594,
-0.4348144531,
0.7211914062,
0.1414794922,
-0.58984375,
-0.4497070312,
1.322265625,
0.7685546875,
-0.1323242188,
-1.416015625,
-0.630859375,
-0.0527038574,
-0.1538085938,
1.234375,
-0.1168212891,
-0.6142578125,
0.0279998779,
-0.5327148438,
0.1474609375,
1.0908203125,
-0.0891113281,
0.3820800781,
0.2099609375,
0.4548339844,
0.4291992188,
0.0792236328,
0.1878662109,
0.9736328125,
0.0269012451,
0.4389648438,
-0.2288818359,
0.3864746094,
0.1276855469,
-0.1480712891,
0.3198242188,
0.2626953125,
0.1712646484,
-1.732421875,
0.0888061523,
0.3356933594,
-1.1337890625,
-0.2707519531,
0.3129882812,
0.5048828125,
-0.3854980469,
0.2934570312,
-0.3408203125,
0.6162109375,
-1.7041015625,
-0.3159179688,
-0.2956542969,
-0.201171875,
0.5678710938,
1.19140625,
-0.0105056763,
-0.2648925781,
-0.1458740234,
-0.6313476562,
0.5131835938,
-0.515625,
-0.003660202,
0.1696777344,
-0.055847168,
-0.4814453125,
-0.5834960938,
0.6352539062,
0.7001953125,
-0.6044921875,
0.1475830078,
0.3935546875,
-0.3818359375,
0.7348632812,
-0.46875,
0.1551513672,
-0.1961669922,
-0.3063964844,
-0.1264648438,
-0.0996704102,
-0.2666015625,
-0.4326171875,
0.43359375,
-0.0193481445,
0.49609375,
-0.100769043,
-0.4208984375,
0.4001464844,
-0.16015625,
0.0120849609,
-0.1546630859,
-0.2064208984,
-0.8168945312,
0.9248046875,
-0.2064208984,
-0.0006780624,
0.5502929688,
0.4047851562,
0.4858398438,
0.0993652344,
-0.6323242188,
-0.3659667969,
-0.1848144531,
-0.1364746094,
-0.1193237305,
0.21875,
0.2785644531,
-0.3664550781,
0.8110351562,
0.0999755859,
0.5668945312,
-0.6196289062,
0.4555664062,
0.3615722656,
-0.4914550781,
-0.5981445312,
-0.1361083984,
-0.2333984375,
0.1036987305,
-1.2705078125,
-0.4074707031,
-0.3415527344,
0.0246124268,
0.2375488281,
-1.4453125,
0.0425415039,
0.0234985352,
-0.3596191406,
-0.677734375,
0.1695556641,
0.1226806641,
-1.126953125,
0.427734375,
-0.2724609375,
0.1558837891,
-0.1135253906,
-0.5834960938,
-0.1606445312,
-0.4228515625,
-0.7172851562,
-0.4287109375,
0.2227783203,
-0.4379882812,
-0.2780761719,
-0.0249938965,
-0.7265625,
1.0625,
0.8837890625,
0.4375,
-0.4392089844,
-0.3371582031,
-0.2030029297,
-0.7827148438,
-0.2839355469,
1.162109375,
0.6977539062,
-0.1605224609,
-0.943359375,
-0.583984375,
-0.3701171875,
0.1402587891,
-0.0834960938,
-0.689453125,
-0.2159423828,
0.1389160156,
-0.2329101562,
0.2878417969,
0.4643554688,
0.2944335938,
-0.32421875,
1.123046875,
0.4216308594,
-0.6689453125,
-0.0707397461,
0.0963134766,
0.5268554688,
0.4035644531,
0.0778808594,
0.4650878906,
0.1470947266,
0.4245605469,
-0.0378723145,
-0.8056640625,
-0.5004882812,
0.1680908203,
-0.37890625,
0.028213501,
-0.2587890625,
-0.0823364258,
-0.37890625,
-0.0510559082,
0.3525390625,
1.2353515625,
0.533203125,
0.48828125,
-0.0664672852,
0.4602050781,
0.625,
-0.1296386719,
-0.1583251953,
0.14453125,
0.4819335938,
0.5600585938,
-0.7094726562,
-14.171875,
-0.8823242188,
0.6411132812,
-0.5712890625,
-1.4013671875,
0.0432739258,
1.435546875,
0.0230102539,
-0.2158203125,
-0.1286621094,
-1.0048828125,
0.3996582031,
-1.23828125,
-0.833984375,
0.2036132812,
-0.2374267578,
-0.685546875,
-0.7426757812,
0.6733398438,
-0.0519714355,
0.0263519287,
0.8823242188,
-0.4406738281,
-0.1982421875,
-0.0919189453,
0.2668457031,
0.57421875,
-0.1519775391,
0.451171875,
0.0504150391,
0.056640625,
0.2797851562,
-1.26953125,
1.83203125,
-0.4604492188,
0.4733886719,
-0.1361083984,
0.4060058594,
0.640625,
-0.0822143555,
-0.6225585938,
0.6455078125,
0.0237731934,
0.82421875,
-0.2091064453,
0.0952758789,
-0.1357421875,
-0.4033203125,
0.0737304688,
-0.3642578125,
-0.82421875,
1.4833984375,
1.171875,
0.2829589844,
-0.5034179688,
1.1220703125,
-1.6611328125,
0.2393798828,
-0.5263671875,
-0.79296875,
-0.9506835938,
0.283203125,
0.2470703125,
0.6669921875,
-0.130859375,
-0.6904296875,
-0.1313476562,
-0.1839599609,
-0.759765625,
-0.3801269531,
0.0680541992,
-0.9204101562,
0.4912109375,
-0.580078125,
0.8330078125,
0.7524414062,
-0.3500976562,
-1.3994140625,
-0.4841308594,
-0.1802978516,
-0.7016601562,
-0.76171875
] |
His poems appear in both Arabic and Persian. As an example, Edward Granville Browne claims that the following Persian verses are incorrectly attributed to Omar Khayyám, and were originally written by Ibn Sīnā:
Legacy
Classical Islamic civilization
Robert Wisnovsky, a scholar of Avicenna attached to the McGill University, says that "Avicenna was the central figure in the long history of the rational sciences in Islam, particularly in the fields of metaphysics, logic and medicine" but that his works didn't only have an influence in these "secular" fields of knowledge alone, as "these works, or portions of them, were read, taught, copied, commented upon, quoted, paraphrased and cited by thousands of post-Avicennian scholars—not only philosophers, logicians, physicians and specialists in the mathematical or exact sciences, but also by those who specialized in the disciplines of ʿilm al-kalām (rational theology, but understood to include natural philosophy, epistemology and philosophy of mind) and usūl al-fiqh (jurisprudence, but understood to include philosophy of law, dialectic, and philosophy of language)." Middle Ages and Renaissance
As early as the 14th century when Dante Alighieri depicted him in Limbo alongside the virtuous non-Christian thinkers in his Divine Comedy such as Virgil, Averroes, Homer, Horace, Ovid, Lucan, Socrates, Plato and Saladin. Avicenna has been recognized by both East and West, as one of the great figures in intellectual history. | [
0.3928222656,
-0.1201782227,
0.4248046875,
-0.7700195312,
0.0043258667,
0.12890625,
-0.4721679688,
0.1333007812,
-1.525390625,
0.1048583984,
-0.0152587891,
-0.0470581055,
-0.2541503906,
-0.0818481445,
0.7436523438,
-0.2707519531,
-0.1883544922,
-0.3715820312,
-0.533203125,
0.1166381836,
-0.1057739258,
-0.75,
0.0212249756,
-0.76953125,
-0.1116943359,
0.1292724609,
0.0973510742,
0.953125,
-0.1147460938,
0.3828125,
0.876953125,
0.3962402344,
0.2393798828,
-1.0703125,
-0.5654296875,
-0.1564941406,
0.8989257812,
-0.3583984375,
-1.0703125,
0.2548828125,
-1.1826171875,
-0.3581542969,
-0.7802734375,
0.5600585938,
0.5400390625,
0.5068359375,
-0.6362304688,
0.1484375,
-0.4587402344,
-0.599609375,
-0.5952148438,
-0.1215820312,
-0.2082519531,
0.1690673828,
0.1384277344,
-0.2900390625,
0.7436523438,
-1.5517578125,
0.2010498047,
-1.0146484375,
-0.6303710938,
-0.9467773438,
0.66015625,
-0.5986328125,
0.3454589844,
-0.0748901367,
-0.5610351562,
-0.5649414062,
-0.2248535156,
0.5986328125,
-1.7314453125,
0.3374023438,
-0.6713867188,
-0.1805419922,
-0.4077148438,
-1.015625,
0.2165527344,
0.8374023438,
-0.455078125,
-0.2827148438,
0.5424804688,
-1.1943359375,
-0.1746826172,
-1.302734375,
0.1015625,
1.642578125,
0.7963867188,
0.1591796875,
0.1193847656,
0.6552734375,
0.4196777344,
0.0527038574,
-0.1662597656,
-0.2349853516,
0.7119140625,
0.365234375,
0.4091796875,
-0.6098632812,
-0.6567382812,
-0.4099121094,
-0.609375,
-1.318359375,
-0.1839599609,
-0.62109375,
0.2893066406,
1.2890625,
-0.1424560547,
-0.3427734375,
-0.1643066406,
0.4248046875,
-0.0210571289,
-0.6645507812,
0.1095581055,
0.5278320312,
1.228515625,
-0.923828125,
-0.1121826172,
-0.3361816406,
-0.3618164062,
-0.330078125,
-0.5888671875,
0.529296875,
0.0664672852,
0.0665283203,
1.9052734375,
0.3012695312,
-0.6801757812,
0.4436035156,
-0.2756347656,
0.3984375,
-0.2302246094,
0.4545898438,
0.0745849609,
0.5795898438,
0.3090820312,
-0.8891601562,
0.2902832031,
-0.2512207031,
-0.0994873047,
0.6469726562,
-0.58203125,
0.2739257812,
-0.4143066406,
0.3081054688,
0.3078613281,
-0.1485595703,
0.0917358398,
1.130859375,
-0.5283203125,
-1.017578125,
0.8081054688,
-0.2185058594,
0.6704101562,
-0.1252441406,
-0.4033203125,
0.0464172363,
0.0884399414,
-0.3430175781,
-0.572265625,
-1.0234375,
-0.4587402344,
0.2531738281,
-0.5625,
-0.006855011,
-0.6796875,
0.529296875,
-0.7563476562,
0.2397460938,
0.6547851562,
0.1525878906,
-0.5678710938,
0.5927734375,
-0.16796875,
-0.0399475098,
1.021484375,
-0.9838867188,
0.734375,
0.7109375,
-0.0962524414,
0.0074386597,
1.0126953125,
-1.9833984375,
0.5546875,
-0.1840820312,
0.595703125,
1.048828125,
0.3625488281,
-0.1348876953,
-0.7709960938,
-0.4428710938,
0.0496826172,
-0.0033073425,
-0.3259277344,
-0.0216674805,
-1.5625,
-0.4516601562,
-0.2120361328,
1.0712890625,
0.2125244141,
0.2486572266,
-0.0922851562,
1.0263671875,
0.3127441406,
0.2069091797,
0.2893066406,
-0.6372070312,
0.2346191406,
-0.2648925781,
-0.1716308594,
-0.3654785156,
-1.0400390625,
0.0621643066,
0.0342407227,
0.1560058594,
0.0825805664,
0.0715942383,
-0.0322875977,
-0.0882568359,
0.7309570312,
-0.4443359375,
-0.6240234375,
-1.1298828125,
-0.6083984375,
-0.2286376953,
-1.71484375,
0.6201171875,
-0.9165039062,
1.05078125,
0.1922607422,
1.6494140625,
-0.4191894531,
-0.0854492188,
-0.9165039062,
0.0112457275,
0.865234375,
-0.7895507812,
-0.2481689453,
0.4760742188,
0.3776855469,
-0.0674438477,
0.6245117188,
-0.2878417969,
0.3598632812,
-0.6948242188,
0.6865234375,
1.3310546875,
0.62890625,
1.4619140625,
0.4162597656,
-0.08203125,
1.1240234375,
0.662109375,
0.1540527344,
0.6206054688,
-0.4848632812,
-0.1369628906,
-0.1887207031,
0.9604492188,
0.765625,
0.2467041016,
-0.2492675781,
0.1239624023,
1.34375,
-0.5541992188,
-0.3635253906,
-0.2115478516,
-0.3637695312,
-0.4404296875,
0.3869628906,
0.2663574219,
0.6450195312,
-0.1351318359,
-0.6577148438,
-0.2076416016,
1.5654296875,
-0.1267089844,
-0.3032226562,
-0.4233398438,
-0.54296875,
-0.3605957031,
-0.5014648438,
-0.2075195312,
0.0301055908,
-0.5893554688,
1.134765625,
-0.3286132812,
0.580078125,
1.3525390625,
0.9287109375,
-0.9443359375,
-0.0348205566,
-0.1774902344,
-0.3002929688,
0.6796875,
0.1743164062,
0.1772460938,
-0.2142333984,
0.5473632812,
0.5390625,
-0.2047119141,
0.4025878906,
1.2001953125,
-0.33203125,
0.7661132812,
0.2819824219,
0.787109375,
-0.2868652344,
0.2183837891,
0.4558105469,
-0.3869628906,
0.1046142578,
-0.2731933594,
-0.5087890625,
-0.5625,
-0.9829101562,
-0.4047851562,
-0.7763671875,
-0.4423828125,
-0.4094238281,
0.2807617188,
-0.1433105469,
0.0287322998,
-0.4233398438,
-0.2673339844,
-0.462890625,
0.5541992188,
-0.1867675781,
-0.2712402344,
1.197265625,
-0.3684082031,
0.4858398438,
0.1290283203,
-0.1046142578,
0.9775390625,
0.6596679688,
0.4350585938,
-0.2514648438,
-0.0631713867,
-0.3149414062,
-0.1433105469,
0.6635742188,
0.5361328125,
0.2177734375,
-0.1240234375,
-0.3903808594,
0.986328125,
-0.2249755859,
0.3208007812,
0.2215576172,
0.0723266602,
0.91015625,
-0.5278320312,
-0.5478515625,
0.0934448242,
0.5141601562,
0.361328125,
-0.67578125,
-0.0166473389,
0.4753417969,
1.0341796875,
-0.5107421875,
-0.4177246094,
-1.703125,
0.1003417969,
0.0260314941,
-0.6572265625,
-0.0387268066,
-0.1968994141,
0.24609375,
0.0428466797,
0.6137695312,
-0.2565917969,
-1.0439453125,
-0.4738769531,
0.9526367188,
-0.2946777344,
-0.2163085938,
0.974609375,
-0.390625,
-0.0138931274,
0.3115234375,
-0.7075195312,
-1.0380859375,
-0.6088867188,
0.685546875,
-0.3894042969,
-0.4741210938,
0.1690673828,
-0.2543945312,
0.4370117188,
0.5361328125,
0.2592773438,
0.1420898438,
-0.3276367188,
0.6098632812,
-0.2912597656,
0.9780273438,
-1.01953125,
0.0963134766,
1.0048828125,
0.3298339844,
-0.5322265625,
-0.0927124023,
0.4353027344,
0.1527099609,
0.150390625,
2.599609375,
-0.62890625,
0.0357666016,
-0.4714355469,
-0.2065429688,
-0.1938476562,
-0.1141357422,
0.3571777344,
-1.2158203125,
-0.61328125,
-0.494140625,
0.4943847656,
0.9150390625,
0.6206054688,
0.044128418,
-0.5,
-0.1507568359,
-0.0982666016,
0.2196044922,
0.8139648438,
0.0733032227,
-0.5913085938,
0.0496520996,
-0.92578125,
0.0693969727,
0.1337890625,
0.0445251465,
0.1643066406,
0.2553710938,
0.3891601562,
0.1646728516,
-0.9389648438,
0.087890625,
-0.5297851562,
0.30859375,
0.470703125,
-0.2946777344,
1.6552734375,
1.2421875,
0.552734375,
0.0497741699,
-0.5751953125,
-0.0246582031,
-0.6713867188,
-0.013053894,
0.2486572266,
1.9287109375,
0.2768554688,
0.4660644531,
-0.2817382812,
0.069519043,
-0.0850219727,
-0.0016403198,
0.8784179688,
1.1298828125,
-0.4997558594,
-0.65234375,
-0.4680175781,
-1.078125,
-1.6640625,
-1.107421875,
-0.0068092346,
-0.74609375,
-0.1027832031,
-0.7280273438,
-0.1442871094,
-0.5053710938,
-0.2956542969,
-0.7978515625,
0.3696289062,
0.8110351562,
1.330078125,
0.498046875,
-0.0875244141,
1.111328125,
-0.5161132812,
-0.2401123047,
0.2614746094,
0.5493164062,
0.2469482422,
-0.0392456055,
-0.6611328125,
0.7275390625,
-1.3955078125,
-0.853515625,
0.5434570312,
-0.603515625,
-0.5283203125,
-0.2631835938,
0.0526428223,
-0.048828125,
-0.650390625,
-0.4799804688,
0.0839233398,
-0.6513671875,
-0.1022949219,
-0.2419433594,
-0.0957641602,
-0.646484375,
0.4516601562,
-0.3793945312,
-0.5083007812,
0.3918457031,
0.1228027344,
0.693359375,
0.0393066406,
1.509765625,
-0.2514648438,
-0.1323242188,
0.2639160156,
-1.0361328125,
-0.0821533203,
-0.2283935547,
0.4487304688,
0.2446289062,
-0.0862426758,
0.4074707031,
-0.3859863281,
-1.0361328125,
-0.3117675781,
0.2917480469,
-0.5668945312,
0.3503417969,
-0.2204589844,
0.2376708984,
-0.4228515625,
0.4309082031,
-0.4978027344,
-1.005859375,
-0.0718994141,
-0.5458984375,
0.5356445312,
0.0990600586,
1.52734375,
-0.4230957031,
-1.162109375,
0.4873046875,
-0.2065429688,
1.748046875,
-0.3195800781,
0.7836914062,
0.5830078125,
0.9111328125,
0.787109375,
0.2364501953,
-0.40625,
-0.0021114349,
0.2027587891,
0.4951171875,
-0.193359375,
0.271484375,
-0.5205078125,
0.3505859375,
-0.2005615234,
-0.015838623,
-0.3903808594,
-0.419921875,
0.2026367188,
0.2239990234,
1.244140625,
-0.1166381836,
-0.7041015625,
-0.806640625,
-0.8022460938,
-0.3488769531,
-0.3464355469,
0.9370117188,
0.7426757812,
-0.6069335938,
-0.5556640625,
-0.994140625,
-0.8002929688,
0.4541015625,
0.2481689453,
0.3464355469,
0.8559570312,
0.2098388672,
-1.1845703125,
0.0754394531,
0.4892578125,
0.63671875,
-0.8432617188,
-0.8989257812,
-1.0283203125,
-1.236328125,
-0.4135742188,
0.6962890625,
0.3874511719,
1.0478515625,
0.087097168,
-2.408203125,
-1.0126953125,
-0.5751953125,
0.2452392578,
0.185546875,
-0.3664550781,
1.728515625,
0.498046875,
0.7924804688,
0.0479736328,
0.2220458984,
1.4208984375,
-0.7182617188,
0.0980224609,
0.6650390625,
0.1219482422,
0.8325195312,
0.3688964844,
0.8022460938,
1.0146484375,
0.1602783203,
-0.4519042969,
0.18359375,
-1.373046875,
0.3159179688,
-0.529296875,
0.3151855469,
0.4235839844,
0.4858398438,
-0.8720703125,
-0.1882324219,
0.034362793,
0.0661010742,
-1.28515625,
0.0164337158,
0.1647949219,
-0.0004458427,
0.6127929688,
0.4860839844,
0.2600097656,
-0.7309570312,
1.505859375,
0.1834716797,
0.765625,
0.9682617188,
-0.0426635742,
0.1351318359,
-0.880859375,
-0.2983398438,
-0.4750976562,
0.4482421875,
0.2734375,
-1.4951171875,
0.1252441406,
0.5551757812,
0.1031494141,
1.091796875,
-0.0858154297,
-0.4208984375,
-0.8803710938,
-0.5341796875,
-1.9072265625,
1.2314453125,
0.65234375,
-0.2121582031,
0.1296386719,
-0.6220703125,
-0.4755859375,
-0.900390625,
-0.109375,
-0.0305175781,
-0.2067871094,
-0.4560546875,
0.0755004883,
0.1093139648,
-0.8857421875,
-0.2434082031,
0.6938476562,
0.2320556641,
0.4270019531,
-0.5815429688,
0.1036987305,
0.5903320312,
0.7690429688,
0.30859375,
0.484375,
0.3564453125,
0.9741210938,
-0.1268310547,
-0.4184570312,
-0.630859375,
0.075378418,
1.0400390625,
-0.1557617188,
-0.0920410156,
-0.5278320312,
-0.580078125,
-0.0999145508,
-0.3479003906,
-1.6416015625,
-0.2785644531,
-0.4089355469,
0.1577148438,
0.4533691406,
0.037109375,
0.1282958984,
-1.2158203125,
-0.0628051758,
-0.2355957031,
0.3720703125,
-0.2619628906,
-1.11328125,
-0.0855712891,
-0.0211334229,
0.0573730469,
0.2260742188,
0.8984375,
0.1278076172,
-0.4948730469,
0.1539306641,
-0.8051757812,
-0.7211914062,
0.0008602142,
-0.2026367188,
-0.3193359375,
0.6083984375,
0.1851806641,
-0.2073974609,
-0.1967773438,
-0.4738769531,
-0.8491210938,
-0.5952148438,
0.6860351562,
0.2272949219,
0.5625,
-0.2492675781,
-0.4057617188,
0.0348205566,
0.5703125,
0.8818359375,
0.1831054688,
0.40625,
0.4533691406,
0.4362792969,
-0.1076660156,
-0.126953125,
0.6791992188,
0.0243835449,
-0.7309570312,
0.0361022949,
1.3603515625,
1.212890625,
-0.439453125,
-1.3046875,
-0.5375976562,
0.0888671875,
-0.3525390625,
-0.392578125,
-0.2492675781,
-0.9370117188,
0.0096511841,
-0.5434570312,
-0.4787597656,
0.4982910156,
-0.0467529297,
0.3649902344,
0.0323486328,
0.029083252,
0.181640625,
-0.3308105469,
0.5288085938,
1.1982421875,
0.6767578125,
0.767578125,
-0.1647949219,
0.916015625,
0.4951171875,
-0.6381835938,
-0.1676025391,
0.0133132935,
0.5908203125,
-0.5561523438,
0.154296875,
0.767578125,
-0.1044921875,
0.053527832,
-0.4663085938,
0.1767578125,
-0.4702148438,
0.5639648438,
0.0961303711,
0.1417236328,
-1.3212890625,
0.1722412109,
-0.7231445312,
-0.1226806641,
0.4931640625,
0.3017578125,
-0.1810302734,
-0.2103271484,
-0.1937255859,
-1.107421875,
0.7138671875,
-0.1223754883,
0.1307373047,
0.2487792969,
-0.4462890625,
-0.7055664062,
-0.1977539062,
0.9467773438,
1.3525390625,
-0.615234375,
-0.7192382812,
0.7016601562,
0.0550231934,
1.427734375,
-0.2590332031,
-0.2678222656,
0.5649414062,
-1.6953125,
-0.1313476562,
0.4609375,
0.2729492188,
-0.0429077148,
1.0732421875,
-0.4760742188,
0.0857543945,
0.6342773438,
0.390625,
0.71484375,
0.3017578125,
-0.2915039062,
-0.3415527344,
-0.92578125,
-0.287109375,
0.8774414062,
-0.3527832031,
-0.1219482422,
0.0476989746,
0.0497741699,
-0.2219238281,
0.9233398438,
-0.4604492188,
-0.3149414062,
-0.3063964844,
-0.1202392578,
0.0810546875,
0.4028320312,
0.9272460938,
0.1313476562,
0.5517578125,
-1.1572265625,
0.4675292969,
-0.0617980957,
0.2423095703,
-0.634765625,
-0.3676757812,
0.1265869141,
-0.1740722656,
-0.4731445312,
0.2238769531,
-1.984375,
-0.529296875,
0.1848144531,
-0.3137207031,
0.3142089844,
-1.998046875,
-0.1253662109,
0.2749023438,
-0.4711914062,
-0.2819824219,
-0.5502929688,
0.4936523438,
-0.3098144531,
0.388671875,
-0.3930664062,
0.232421875,
-0.6870117188,
-1.10546875,
-0.1112060547,
-0.5029296875,
-0.6459960938,
-0.4020996094,
0.4130859375,
0.1428222656,
-0.0446166992,
0.3039550781,
-0.6640625,
0.0172576904,
0.2534179688,
0.2255859375,
-0.6474609375,
-0.4421386719,
0.4287109375,
-0.763671875,
-0.2303466797,
1.646484375,
0.2259521484,
-0.039855957,
-0.0018424988,
0.032989502,
0.0115203857,
0.3337402344,
0.1696777344,
-0.8671875,
-0.4973144531,
-0.4638671875,
-0.47265625,
1.044921875,
-0.2702636719,
0.2199707031,
0.0810546875,
0.458984375,
0.4953613281,
-1.5078125,
-0.416015625,
0.0425415039,
-0.5483398438,
0.1174316406,
0.1495361328,
-0.0169525146,
0.6767578125,
-0.086730957,
0.3273925781,
-0.6416015625,
-0.2629394531,
-0.80078125,
-0.5278320312,
-0.736328125,
0.0267333984,
-0.1330566406,
0.427734375,
-0.3420410156,
0.8793945312,
1.2802734375,
1.125,
0.6430664062,
-0.3264160156,
-0.1395263672,
0.3022460938,
0.0312805176,
-0.6064453125,
0.0093460083,
0.4328613281,
-0.556640625,
-0.4497070312,
-13.2109375,
-0.6220703125,
0.9536132812,
-0.7041015625,
-1.216796875,
-0.419921875,
0.9077148438,
-0.3017578125,
-0.1538085938,
-0.3220214844,
-0.208984375,
1.375,
-1.1015625,
-0.1394042969,
0.0272521973,
0.0431518555,
-1.4482421875,
-0.9321289062,
0.1368408203,
0.1522216797,
0.8041992188,
0.4196777344,
-0.341796875,
0.8173828125,
0.0502929688,
-0.2946777344,
0.2624511719,
-0.1268310547,
-0.3935546875,
0.3813476562,
0.3630371094,
-0.2130126953,
-0.5463867188,
0.7124023438,
-0.1915283203,
0.7822265625,
-0.0421447754,
1.015625,
0.9243164062,
-0.1516113281,
0.2362060547,
0.3505859375,
-0.4287109375,
0.8491210938,
-0.7905273438,
0.1384277344,
-0.0101013184,
-0.6982421875,
0.1497802734,
-0.5693359375,
-0.525390625,
0.8920898438,
0.7250976562,
-0.3791503906,
-0.88671875,
-0.9296875,
-1.125,
0.2761230469,
-0.4333496094,
0.2602539062,
-0.6376953125,
-0.3312988281,
0.134765625,
0.3793945312,
-0.9975585938,
-0.4274902344,
-0.1566162109,
-1.169921875,
-0.3237304688,
-0.1643066406,
0.2384033203,
-0.2836914062,
0.6762695312,
-0.8032226562,
0.4426269531,
-0.310546875,
-0.4633789062,
-1.361328125,
-0.6909179688,
-0.4770507812,
-0.4057617188,
-0.8500976562
] |
George Sarton, the author of The History of Science, described Avicenna as "one of the greatest thinkers and medical scholars in history" and called him "the most famous scientist of Islam and one of the most famous of all races, places, and times". He was one of the Islamic world's leading writers in the field of medicine. Along with Rhazes, Abulcasis, Ibn al-Nafis and al-Ibadi, Avicenna is considered an important compiler of early Muslim medicine. He is remembered in the Western history of medicine as a major historical figure who made important contributions to medicine and the European Renaissance. His medical texts were unusual in that where controversy existed between Galen and Aristotle's views on medical matters (such as anatomy), he preferred to side with Aristotle, where necessary updating Aristotle's position to take into account post-Aristotelian advances in anatomical knowledge. Aristotle's dominant intellectual influence among medieval European scholars meant that Avicenna's linking of Galen's medical writings with Aristotle's philosophical writings in the Canon of Medicine (along with its comprehensive and logical organisation of knowledge) significantly increased Avicenna's importance in medieval Europe in comparison to other Islamic writers on medicine. His influence following translation of the Canon was such that from the early fourteenth to the mid-sixteenth centuries he was ranked with Hippocrates and Galen as one of the acknowledged authorities, ("prince of physicians"). Modern reception
In present-day Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan, he is considered a national icon, and is often regarded as among the greatest Persians. A monument was erected outside the Bukhara museum. | [
0.5483398438,
-0.2467041016,
0.7504882812,
-0.2524414062,
-0.0347290039,
0.0595397949,
-0.56640625,
0.1113891602,
-1.1240234375,
0.5698242188,
0.6000976562,
0.6791992188,
0.0630493164,
-0.3254394531,
0.3869628906,
-0.134765625,
-0.3784179688,
-0.3388671875,
-0.2420654297,
0.0249786377,
-0.2318115234,
-0.546875,
0.0203857422,
-0.5307617188,
-0.673828125,
0.0201263428,
-0.0956420898,
0.3742675781,
-0.3952636719,
0.0523376465,
1.01953125,
0.66015625,
0.1887207031,
-0.3835449219,
-0.5815429688,
-0.2451171875,
-0.120300293,
-0.765625,
-0.55859375,
0.018081665,
-1.01953125,
-0.9653320312,
-0.845703125,
0.2269287109,
0.271484375,
0.2282714844,
0.3942871094,
0.3310546875,
-0.0479125977,
-0.8325195312,
-0.6870117188,
0.1887207031,
-0.100769043,
0.4645996094,
-0.423828125,
0.2709960938,
0.712890625,
-1.62890625,
-0.1707763672,
-0.3500976562,
-0.2222900391,
-0.0677490234,
0.3286132812,
-0.4035644531,
0.626953125,
-0.4084472656,
-0.3842773438,
-1.1337890625,
0.081237793,
0.5029296875,
-1.2998046875,
0.3408203125,
-0.3549804688,
0.3984375,
-0.81640625,
-0.1798095703,
-0.2332763672,
0.6606445312,
-0.1160888672,
-0.4729003906,
0.3940429688,
-0.3425292969,
-0.1522216797,
-0.5913085938,
0.6870117188,
2.19921875,
0.8173828125,
-0.0300140381,
0.1165771484,
1.3056640625,
0.2280273438,
-0.5834960938,
-0.375,
-0.3159179688,
0.6411132812,
0.4738769531,
0.6162109375,
-0.5825195312,
-0.2524414062,
0.1348876953,
-0.4360351562,
-1.4052734375,
0.2067871094,
-0.359375,
0.2443847656,
0.1766357422,
-0.1623535156,
-0.7041015625,
-0.5747070312,
0.482421875,
0.3740234375,
0.0504455566,
0.0904541016,
0.1221923828,
0.4243164062,
-0.4682617188,
0.2690429688,
-0.2663574219,
-0.3615722656,
-0.3764648438,
-0.4477539062,
0.6518554688,
-0.3720703125,
0.2678222656,
0.7060546875,
0.3950195312,
-0.505859375,
0.9052734375,
-0.2489013672,
0.6826171875,
0.34375,
-0.0309143066,
0.1746826172,
-0.6162109375,
0.0407104492,
-0.7133789062,
-0.4116210938,
-0.1041259766,
-0.5864257812,
0.2144775391,
-0.4089355469,
0.4226074219,
-0.5756835938,
0.1804199219,
0.2406005859,
-0.306640625,
-0.2325439453,
0.658203125,
-0.2177734375,
-0.7451171875,
0.4638671875,
-1.154296875,
0.4650878906,
-0.1080322266,
0.0431518555,
-0.1784667969,
-0.4760742188,
-0.779296875,
-0.9189453125,
-0.5810546875,
-0.6030273438,
0.1368408203,
-0.3166503906,
-0.2536621094,
-0.4768066406,
1.0869140625,
-0.7915039062,
0.0481262207,
1.1142578125,
-0.1295166016,
-0.7592773438,
0.8461914062,
-0.6059570312,
-0.5483398438,
0.736328125,
0.1102905273,
0.576171875,
1.0654296875,
-0.0134277344,
-0.4870605469,
0.9379882812,
-1.7568359375,
0.703125,
-0.3837890625,
0.591796875,
0.1356201172,
0.4013671875,
-0.7255859375,
-0.6235351562,
-0.6953125,
-0.2276611328,
0.2279052734,
-0.0618591309,
-0.3620605469,
-1.6318359375,
-0.984375,
0.4709472656,
1.3603515625,
-0.5966796875,
0.1156005859,
0.1597900391,
0.3308105469,
-0.3837890625,
-0.3513183594,
0.5688476562,
-0.8872070312,
0.287109375,
0.9052734375,
0.2724609375,
-0.4714355469,
-0.6831054688,
0.2437744141,
-0.2352294922,
0.6635742188,
-0.6879882812,
0.693359375,
-0.41796875,
-0.439453125,
0.3801269531,
-0.5087890625,
-0.6596679688,
-0.580078125,
-1.2548828125,
-0.0634155273,
-2.0703125,
0.2019042969,
-0.6225585938,
1.0439453125,
0.6508789062,
1.345703125,
0.6518554688,
-0.2342529297,
-0.5786132812,
0.5869140625,
-0.0215759277,
-0.6337890625,
0.763671875,
-0.6518554688,
-0.2236328125,
-0.3505859375,
0.3391113281,
-0.2293701172,
0.2161865234,
-0.6030273438,
0.7465820312,
0.8046875,
0.7983398438,
1.33203125,
0.96484375,
0.4375,
0.513671875,
0.5205078125,
-0.1905517578,
0.4357910156,
-0.4272460938,
-0.7763671875,
0.3833007812,
0.1513671875,
-0.154296875,
0.0806884766,
-0.3217773438,
-0.369140625,
0.703125,
-0.3571777344,
-0.4484863281,
-0.2512207031,
-0.4035644531,
-0.8618164062,
0.3259277344,
0.4606933594,
0.2622070312,
0.5390625,
-0.2498779297,
-0.2082519531,
1.142578125,
-0.0931396484,
0.4985351562,
0.0059814453,
0.4033203125,
-0.5522460938,
-0.0739135742,
-0.8359375,
0.2526855469,
-0.5419921875,
0.4658203125,
-0.4755859375,
0.4946289062,
1.3984375,
0.4597167969,
-1.0390625,
0.4873046875,
-0.3674316406,
0.1274414062,
0.2225341797,
0.3156738281,
0.4077148438,
0.0458984375,
0.7822265625,
0.1396484375,
0.0866699219,
0.9975585938,
1.0185546875,
-0.4521484375,
0.8715820312,
0.0215301514,
0.5415039062,
-0.6967773438,
1.1474609375,
0.640625,
-0.2424316406,
0.2661132812,
-0.6342773438,
-0.7265625,
-0.5581054688,
-0.759765625,
0.0726928711,
-0.9565429688,
0.4233398438,
-0.5703125,
0.5708007812,
0.1392822266,
-0.5693359375,
0.0769042969,
0.0697021484,
-0.2578125,
0.5795898438,
0.1452636719,
-0.5639648438,
1.32421875,
-0.5224609375,
-0.2690429688,
-0.0922851562,
0.0671386719,
0.2978515625,
1.1953125,
0.90234375,
-0.2819824219,
0.52734375,
-0.1571044922,
0.3349609375,
0.4345703125,
0.7495117188,
0.5346679688,
0.3603515625,
-0.4953613281,
1.1865234375,
0.054473877,
0.69921875,
-0.6059570312,
0.102722168,
0.943359375,
-0.7075195312,
-0.7841796875,
0.1068725586,
0.6806640625,
0.9067382812,
-0.1436767578,
-0.1201782227,
0.3391113281,
0.7890625,
-0.3142089844,
-1.1884765625,
-1.740234375,
0.1424560547,
-0.3056640625,
-0.556640625,
-0.1122436523,
-0.0375061035,
-0.1407470703,
0.4775390625,
0.1811523438,
-0.1676025391,
-0.8002929688,
-0.837890625,
0.0710449219,
-0.794921875,
-0.7646484375,
0.791015625,
-0.6235351562,
-1.017578125,
0.3098144531,
0.0565185547,
-1.361328125,
-0.734375,
0.4677734375,
0.1690673828,
-0.5708007812,
0.1967773438,
-0.2232666016,
0.6665039062,
0.3837890625,
1.0126953125,
-0.443359375,
-0.5483398438,
-0.3657226562,
-0.3142089844,
0.2819824219,
-0.6899414062,
-0.0715942383,
1.0234375,
0.0955200195,
-0.2834472656,
-0.4174804688,
0.3693847656,
0.0556335449,
-0.6479492188,
1.27734375,
-0.3999023438,
-0.0982055664,
0.2475585938,
-0.0176086426,
-0.37890625,
-0.3005371094,
0.4018554688,
0.2475585938,
0.2536621094,
-0.5229492188,
0.3098144531,
0.576171875,
-0.1623535156,
0.1334228516,
-0.4426269531,
-0.2058105469,
0.1553955078,
0.6284179688,
0.9130859375,
0.7490234375,
0.0169067383,
-0.1678466797,
-0.6870117188,
-0.1623535156,
-0.1990966797,
-0.466796875,
0.1981201172,
0.042388916,
-0.1574707031,
0.1315917969,
0.0709838867,
0.5063476562,
-0.6586914062,
0.3654785156,
0.32421875,
-0.2502441406,
1.1796875,
1.1103515625,
0.6865234375,
0.5791015625,
-1.00390625,
-0.0858764648,
-0.931640625,
-0.7670898438,
-0.2629394531,
1.7138671875,
-0.2174072266,
0.6342773438,
-0.3129882812,
0.4064941406,
-0.5576171875,
0.2036132812,
1.154296875,
1.40234375,
0.0627441406,
-0.5859375,
-0.0454101562,
0.1106567383,
-2.15625,
-0.57421875,
0.0419921875,
-0.1151733398,
0.2008056641,
0.0903930664,
-0.2629394531,
0.0262908936,
-0.0262145996,
-0.9243164062,
0.107421875,
0.5922851562,
1.3212890625,
0.3732910156,
0.4145507812,
0.4301757812,
0.4614257812,
0.0426940918,
-0.4555664062,
-0.1030273438,
-0.0337524414,
-0.1998291016,
-0.875,
0.5659179688,
-1.2373046875,
-0.1392822266,
-0.0543518066,
-1.009765625,
-0.5200195312,
0.1239013672,
-0.3029785156,
-0.5776367188,
-0.1839599609,
-1.1123046875,
-0.0246582031,
-0.5434570312,
0.005279541,
-0.0460510254,
-0.1315917969,
-0.2663574219,
1.0771484375,
-0.3405761719,
-0.6635742188,
0.2614746094,
0.2712402344,
-0.3762207031,
0.1097412109,
1.7587890625,
-0.6015625,
-0.2012939453,
-0.4272460938,
0.2032470703,
-0.0626220703,
-0.1086425781,
1.0673828125,
0.3229980469,
-0.118347168,
-0.087890625,
-0.5595703125,
-0.7866210938,
-0.1348876953,
-0.1784667969,
-0.638671875,
0.9072265625,
-0.2347412109,
0.0670776367,
-0.0162353516,
0.1134643555,
-0.482421875,
-0.5610351562,
-0.2186279297,
-0.4348144531,
0.2705078125,
0.2980957031,
1.107421875,
0.3430175781,
-0.7265625,
0.2087402344,
-0.6879882812,
1.5537109375,
-0.3933105469,
0.75390625,
0.6293945312,
0.5908203125,
0.6474609375,
0.8520507812,
-0.2744140625,
-0.6684570312,
0.5590820312,
0.7153320312,
-0.3088378906,
-0.3859863281,
-0.8232421875,
0.2188720703,
-0.0908813477,
-0.2214355469,
-0.2817382812,
0.0648803711,
0.1071166992,
0.1977539062,
0.8168945312,
-0.0561828613,
-0.3068847656,
-0.8901367188,
-0.9282226562,
-0.3254394531,
-0.240234375,
1.18359375,
0.9360351562,
-0.5395507812,
-0.7548828125,
-0.6201171875,
-0.4174804688,
1.0341796875,
0.4265136719,
-0.783203125,
0.4670410156,
-0.0700073242,
-0.6391601562,
-0.5336914062,
-0.0409545898,
0.7915039062,
-0.8095703125,
-0.7739257812,
-0.7856445312,
-0.6733398438,
-0.4133300781,
-0.2919921875,
0.5361328125,
0.82421875,
0.1392822266,
-1.4931640625,
-0.9052734375,
0.3422851562,
0.3989257812,
0.4331054688,
-0.4509277344,
1.513671875,
0.818359375,
0.44140625,
-0.4580078125,
0.8422851562,
1.2421875,
-0.826171875,
0.3989257812,
0.2917480469,
0.0226898193,
0.4948730469,
0.0355529785,
0.0082473755,
0.515625,
-0.7255859375,
-0.0116119385,
-0.2978515625,
-0.8530273438,
0.1671142578,
-0.541015625,
0.4733886719,
0.2595214844,
-0.3701171875,
-0.416015625,
-0.1193847656,
0.3259277344,
-0.1140136719,
-0.7734375,
-0.4494628906,
-1.138671875,
-0.088684082,
0.166015625,
-0.162109375,
0.7041015625,
-0.4284667969,
1.150390625,
0.2941894531,
0.759765625,
0.7802734375,
-0.4582519531,
-0.3041992188,
-0.9409179688,
-0.5991210938,
-0.6010742188,
-0.3369140625,
0.134765625,
-1.2470703125,
-0.1292724609,
-0.0146865845,
-0.1605224609,
0.9135742188,
0.2049560547,
-0.080078125,
-0.7709960938,
-0.5009765625,
-1.904296875,
1.8056640625,
0.28515625,
0.5439453125,
0.8876953125,
-0.8920898438,
-1.009765625,
-0.5805664062,
-0.0533752441,
-0.1987304688,
-0.3188476562,
-0.4907226562,
-0.369140625,
0.7270507812,
-0.9458007812,
0.106628418,
0.470703125,
0.0470581055,
0.3110351562,
0.063293457,
-0.2814941406,
0.1588134766,
1.0986328125,
0.9775390625,
0.4272460938,
0.2741699219,
0.2230224609,
-0.2893066406,
-0.2907714844,
0.0405273438,
-0.4392089844,
1.0224609375,
-0.6987304688,
0.197265625,
-1.2314453125,
0.0039787292,
0.4660644531,
-0.3010253906,
-1.275390625,
0.0916137695,
0.162109375,
0.2807617188,
0.8686523438,
-0.3015136719,
-0.1302490234,
-1.0068359375,
0.026763916,
-0.5512695312,
0.0662231445,
0.1710205078,
-0.4877929688,
-0.2824707031,
0.3701171875,
-1.0517578125,
0.1798095703,
0.4890136719,
0.0074882507,
0.5009765625,
0.7836914062,
-0.3149414062,
-0.7758789062,
-0.1005859375,
0.4147949219,
0.1265869141,
0.3779296875,
0.0697021484,
-0.0191497803,
-1.0224609375,
-0.59375,
-0.6186523438,
-0.109375,
0.2373046875,
-0.1078491211,
0.6201171875,
-0.69921875,
-0.43359375,
0.0745849609,
-0.1993408203,
0.0947875977,
-0.1046142578,
0.1728515625,
-0.1352539062,
0.2612304688,
0.1417236328,
-0.0211029053,
0.3142089844,
-0.0187530518,
-0.9501953125,
0.0536193848,
1.1865234375,
0.6459960938,
-0.4372558594,
-1.5810546875,
0.0269317627,
0.0905151367,
-0.7485351562,
0.3657226562,
-0.2678222656,
-0.4599609375,
-0.1697998047,
-1.26953125,
-0.2534179688,
0.7734375,
-0.4291992188,
0.1038818359,
0.2875976562,
-0.1906738281,
0.5888671875,
-0.0229034424,
0.2829589844,
0.8911132812,
0.0784301758,
0.2614746094,
-0.0583190918,
0.3037109375,
0.60546875,
-0.6420898438,
0.212890625,
0.100402832,
0.2293701172,
-0.8549804688,
-0.2156982422,
0.3913574219,
-0.4594726562,
-0.3051757812,
-0.265625,
0.3488769531,
-0.5805664062,
0.474609375,
0.1428222656,
0.3259277344,
-1.7763671875,
-0.4074707031,
0.5029296875,
-0.0966186523,
0.012550354,
0.4064941406,
0.2734375,
0.3315429688,
-0.3581542969,
-0.58203125,
-0.2424316406,
0.0284729004,
0.0822753906,
0.4790039062,
-0.8896484375,
-0.6416015625,
-0.9965820312,
0.5166015625,
0.5249023438,
-0.3935546875,
0.1037597656,
0.4526367188,
-0.3273925781,
1.3173828125,
-0.3220214844,
0.6254882812,
0.1831054688,
-0.6401367188,
-0.0783081055,
0.4262695312,
0.0413818359,
-0.3403320312,
0.4270019531,
0.2104492188,
-0.0536804199,
0.00548172,
0.6860351562,
0.2385253906,
0.630859375,
-0.0265045166,
-0.6137695312,
-0.5776367188,
-0.4016113281,
0.7758789062,
-0.2683105469,
0.3334960938,
0.2019042969,
0.1746826172,
-0.2176513672,
1.6728515625,
-0.4064941406,
-0.9638671875,
-0.3745117188,
-0.3200683594,
0.5673828125,
0.9599609375,
0.4982910156,
-0.1635742188,
0.5825195312,
-0.4328613281,
0.3676757812,
-0.0818481445,
0.2415771484,
-0.2398681641,
0.0829467773,
0.4467773438,
0.0994262695,
-0.2419433594,
-0.016784668,
-2.3671875,
-0.27734375,
0.3232421875,
0.1710205078,
0.3640136719,
-1.5498046875,
0.1661376953,
0.4807128906,
-0.6455078125,
0.2570800781,
-0.2800292969,
0.3259277344,
-0.7993164062,
0.2797851562,
-0.2702636719,
0.1098022461,
-0.0854492188,
-1.193359375,
0.2893066406,
-0.3767089844,
-0.4992675781,
-0.5712890625,
0.7524414062,
0.4123535156,
1.056640625,
0.7104492188,
-0.3698730469,
-0.1430664062,
0.1711425781,
-0.5854492188,
-0.2727050781,
-0.3994140625,
0.7080078125,
-0.6459960938,
-0.1221923828,
1.0625,
0.3979492188,
-0.5209960938,
-0.098815918,
-0.0825805664,
0.4731445312,
-0.1851806641,
0.3676757812,
-1.1259765625,
-0.5063476562,
0.2685546875,
-0.1039428711,
0.2104492188,
0.0787963867,
0.4611816406,
-0.2362060547,
0.2243652344,
0.9755859375,
-0.7451171875,
-0.4609375,
-0.1373291016,
0.5102539062,
-0.1209716797,
0.058380127,
-0.4438476562,
0.2863769531,
0.4797363281,
-0.0087280273,
-0.724609375,
-1.0205078125,
-0.2893066406,
-1.37109375,
-0.5302734375,
0.1025390625,
0.365234375,
-0.6479492188,
0.2326660156,
0.2097167969,
0.9326171875,
0.3649902344,
0.84375,
-0.0015459061,
-0.3869628906,
0.3310546875,
0.6162109375,
-0.6782226562,
0.1820068359,
0.306640625,
-1.0810546875,
-0.1214599609,
-14.1640625,
-0.5864257812,
0.8002929688,
-0.2419433594,
-0.6650390625,
-0.0253601074,
0.8911132812,
0.3203125,
0.2575683594,
-0.3430175781,
0.0688476562,
0.8676757812,
-0.6635742188,
-0.3669433594,
-0.3217773438,
-0.5,
-0.9873046875,
-0.7885742188,
0.5751953125,
0.3498535156,
0.1895751953,
0.4282226562,
-0.0755615234,
0.5053710938,
0.8115234375,
0.5546875,
0.0941162109,
-0.3034667969,
-0.4814453125,
-0.2521972656,
0.0462646484,
0.1017456055,
-0.7309570312,
0.6040039062,
0.1813964844,
1.076171875,
-0.0709838867,
0.5483398438,
-0.0715942383,
0.3020019531,
0.4291992188,
0.2961425781,
-0.1486816406,
0.9404296875,
-0.3564453125,
-0.1986083984,
0.0346984863,
-0.0845336914,
0.380859375,
-0.1267089844,
-0.4353027344,
1.841796875,
1.0888671875,
0.9282226562,
-0.412109375,
-0.1571044922,
-1.5244140625,
0.9887695312,
-0.4672851562,
0.039642334,
-0.9262695312,
0.1752929688,
0.0658569336,
0.2687988281,
-0.7397460938,
-0.7045898438,
-0.1754150391,
-0.9780273438,
-0.1754150391,
-0.4619140625,
-0.1082763672,
-0.7768554688,
0.6245117188,
-1.3466796875,
0.4992675781,
0.4240722656,
-0.37109375,
-1.21484375,
-0.2595214844,
-0.1275634766,
-0.2907714844,
-1.0048828125
] |
The Avicenna Mausoleum and Museum in Hamadan was built in 1952. Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran), the biotechnology Avicenna Research Institute in Tehran (Iran), the ibn Sīnā Tajik State Medical University in Dushanbe, Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences at Aligarh, India, Avicenna School in Karachi and Avicenna Medical College in Lahore, Pakistan, Ibn Sina Balkh Medical School in his native province of Balkh in Afghanistan, Ibni Sina Faculty Of Medicine of Ankara University Ankara, Turkey, the main classroom building (the Avicenna Building) of the Sharif University of Technology, and Ibn Sina Integrated School in Marawi City (Philippines) are all named in his honour. His portrait hangs in the Hall of the Avicenna Faculty of Medicine in the University of Paris. There is a crater on the Moon named Avicenna and a mangrove genus. In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars. Near his birthplace in Qishlak Afshona, some north of Bukhara, a training college for medical staff has been named for him. On the grounds is a museum dedicated to his life, times and work. The Avicenna Prize, established in 2003, is awarded every two years by UNESCO and rewards individuals and groups for their achievements in the field of ethics in science. | [
0.6127929688,
-0.1697998047,
0.9580078125,
-0.7026367188,
0.4233398438,
0.0473632812,
-0.4477539062,
0.3093261719,
-0.3264160156,
0.3791503906,
0.7734375,
0.2573242188,
0.1939697266,
-0.2137451172,
-0.2941894531,
0.4089355469,
-0.3286132812,
-0.6274414062,
-0.0588989258,
-0.4548339844,
-0.6352539062,
-0.7299804688,
-0.3020019531,
-0.2142333984,
-0.1019897461,
-0.6381835938,
0.1223754883,
0.4816894531,
-0.1564941406,
-0.6479492188,
0.5048828125,
0.5971679688,
-1.041015625,
-0.4074707031,
-0.8208007812,
-0.283203125,
0.5673828125,
-0.6064453125,
-0.4389648438,
0.1497802734,
-0.8271484375,
-0.7954101562,
-0.8525390625,
0.2644042969,
0.7875976562,
-0.1552734375,
0.1292724609,
0.5185546875,
-0.2448730469,
-0.3171386719,
-0.2260742188,
0.2263183594,
-0.2746582031,
0.5581054688,
-0.1259765625,
-0.185546875,
0.2846679688,
-1.53125,
-0.41796875,
-0.3044433594,
0.1167602539,
-0.1412353516,
0.3208007812,
-0.4797363281,
0.5327148438,
-0.1264648438,
-0.0034217834,
-0.8134765625,
-0.1834716797,
0.1384277344,
-1.095703125,
0.0675048828,
-0.2653808594,
0.1614990234,
0.2482910156,
-0.1845703125,
0.44921875,
0.791015625,
-0.2761230469,
-0.7797851562,
-0.1297607422,
-1.0751953125,
-0.48828125,
-0.9497070312,
0.6870117188,
0.8955078125,
0.5405273438,
0.0303497314,
-0.4301757812,
0.4038085938,
0.1567382812,
-0.2602539062,
-0.5791015625,
-0.3286132812,
0.2395019531,
0.724609375,
0.5458984375,
-1.6689453125,
-0.4543457031,
0.9506835938,
0.0129470825,
-1.7998046875,
0.775390625,
-0.4094238281,
0.3488769531,
1.087890625,
0.1845703125,
-0.802734375,
-0.2330322266,
-0.4038085938,
0.2292480469,
-0.0782470703,
0.310546875,
0.2570800781,
0.349609375,
-0.3979492188,
0.6352539062,
-0.587890625,
-0.3205566406,
0.5805664062,
-0.4096679688,
0.3479003906,
-0.3171386719,
-0.4658203125,
0.783203125,
0.3657226562,
-0.1575927734,
1.2412109375,
0.1925048828,
0.4475097656,
0.0335693359,
-0.0129470825,
0.1174316406,
-0.611328125,
0.529296875,
-0.2180175781,
-0.5361328125,
0.1899414062,
-0.26953125,
1.0751953125,
-0.6040039062,
0.5615234375,
-0.1122436523,
0.1133422852,
1.0234375,
-0.1658935547,
-0.7172851562,
0.4228515625,
-1.14453125,
-0.5024414062,
0.3122558594,
-1.1455078125,
0.2286376953,
0.2058105469,
0.2183837891,
0.2255859375,
-0.025970459,
-0.814453125,
0.1995849609,
0.1845703125,
-0.5083007812,
-0.2351074219,
-0.3818359375,
0.1567382812,
-0.2834472656,
0.4956054688,
-0.8227539062,
-0.0597229004,
1.60546875,
-0.1527099609,
-0.5869140625,
0.3386230469,
0.0383605957,
0.3752441406,
0.5024414062,
0.5864257812,
0.388671875,
0.5166015625,
-0.2980957031,
-0.2749023438,
0.5991210938,
-1.767578125,
0.5361328125,
-0.4245605469,
0.73828125,
-0.1330566406,
0.3850097656,
-0.2958984375,
-0.7705078125,
-0.5161132812,
-0.5053710938,
0.66796875,
-0.2237548828,
-0.1357421875,
-1.6044921875,
-1.0439453125,
0.5092773438,
1.4697265625,
-0.3549804688,
0.1715087891,
0.6977539062,
1.126953125,
-0.2071533203,
0.0526733398,
0.2966308594,
-0.1704101562,
0.2293701172,
1.0546875,
-1.0771484375,
0.2098388672,
-0.7270507812,
-0.2980957031,
-0.4470214844,
0.2299804688,
0.232421875,
0.458984375,
-0.5229492188,
-0.4184570312,
0.8671875,
-0.5522460938,
-0.7231445312,
-0.3688964844,
-0.9912109375,
-0.1440429688,
-1.556640625,
0.0229644775,
-0.5258789062,
0.681640625,
-0.0879516602,
1.12109375,
0.0679321289,
-0.3432617188,
-1.072265625,
0.6787109375,
-0.1148681641,
-0.263671875,
0.4907226562,
-0.1069946289,
-0.521484375,
0.027053833,
-0.1409912109,
-0.3286132812,
0.3527832031,
-0.3627929688,
0.2661132812,
0.0499267578,
0.1978759766,
0.6635742188,
0.326171875,
0.1057739258,
0.3996582031,
0.5649414062,
-0.0509033203,
-1.1787109375,
0.1958007812,
-1.025390625,
0.2117919922,
-0.509765625,
0.0662231445,
0.3461914062,
-0.1527099609,
-0.1431884766,
0.830078125,
-0.2049560547,
-0.509765625,
-0.2075195312,
-0.0809936523,
-0.4514160156,
0.1733398438,
0.5170898438,
0.3491210938,
0.689453125,
-0.3432617188,
-0.4528808594,
0.6166992188,
0.3688964844,
0.431640625,
0.4099121094,
0.4621582031,
-0.3481445312,
-0.3315429688,
-0.4738769531,
0.1896972656,
-0.3745117188,
0.7338867188,
-0.7626953125,
0.6850585938,
0.9897460938,
0.3540039062,
-0.6796875,
0.3046875,
0.1446533203,
0.3811035156,
0.529296875,
0.3413085938,
0.1470947266,
0.3515625,
0.1416015625,
0.5961914062,
0.1056518555,
0.5517578125,
1.10546875,
-0.4858398438,
0.5942382812,
0.6958007812,
0.2351074219,
-1.2568359375,
0.5346679688,
0.6401367188,
0.0534057617,
0.1128540039,
-0.6889648438,
-0.685546875,
-0.9028320312,
-0.5864257812,
-0.1390380859,
-0.4645996094,
0.7900390625,
-0.6206054688,
0.42578125,
0.2203369141,
-1.2978515625,
-0.4079589844,
0.3283691406,
-0.5258789062,
0.9501953125,
0.4377441406,
-0.3093261719,
1.712890625,
0.025177002,
0.2135009766,
0.0697631836,
0.7373046875,
-0.0419006348,
0.2863769531,
-0.2551269531,
0.5151367188,
0.3515625,
0.1469726562,
0.1093139648,
0.537109375,
0.2279052734,
0.9345703125,
0.513671875,
-0.3588867188,
1.0869140625,
0.0830078125,
0.5942382812,
-0.2473144531,
0.1481933594,
0.8115234375,
-0.4636230469,
-0.4436035156,
-0.5854492188,
0.4467773438,
0.69140625,
-0.0478820801,
0.1618652344,
0.1734619141,
0.3342285156,
0.064453125,
-0.6850585938,
-1.6240234375,
0.1507568359,
0.0017223358,
-0.0836181641,
-0.4250488281,
-0.0582275391,
0.2517089844,
-0.0651855469,
0.2272949219,
-0.0969848633,
-0.5004882812,
-0.6811523438,
1.2568359375,
-0.2653808594,
-0.5708007812,
0.5502929688,
-1.0244140625,
-0.9174804688,
0.720703125,
0.1806640625,
-1.21484375,
-0.1678466797,
0.0077667236,
0.1237792969,
-0.5844726562,
0.353515625,
-0.8549804688,
0.0408630371,
0.2570800781,
0.3503417969,
0.0858154297,
-0.71875,
-0.6845703125,
-0.3837890625,
0.8198242188,
-0.7680664062,
-0.1711425781,
0.1431884766,
0.2080078125,
0.3010253906,
-0.4672851562,
0.4506835938,
-0.3605957031,
-1.0087890625,
1.4970703125,
-0.529296875,
-0.0592651367,
0.552734375,
0.4008789062,
-0.1273193359,
0.0395812988,
0.0782470703,
-0.0319824219,
-0.1201171875,
0.0261993408,
0.6499023438,
0.638671875,
-0.1871337891,
0.2115478516,
0.3464355469,
0.0759277344,
0.1282958984,
0.4714355469,
0.6782226562,
-0.3237304688,
0.5634765625,
-0.6840820312,
-0.4304199219,
-0.189453125,
0.064453125,
-0.3920898438,
0.3159179688,
-0.2788085938,
0.2427978516,
-0.2902832031,
-0.388671875,
-0.1522216797,
0.263671875,
0.6147460938,
0.1475830078,
-0.2258300781,
0.6245117188,
0.4558105469,
0.4201660156,
0.6064453125,
-0.978515625,
-0.2802734375,
-1.078125,
-0.4968261719,
0.2795410156,
0.7841796875,
0.1887207031,
0.8784179688,
-0.5986328125,
0.5131835938,
0.0425415039,
0.2727050781,
0.7495117188,
1.0078125,
0.1309814453,
-1.2509765625,
0.4387207031,
-0.4946289062,
-1.126953125,
-0.6025390625,
0.04296875,
-0.6259765625,
0.0252838135,
-0.400390625,
-0.0411376953,
0.1826171875,
-0.380859375,
-0.3999023438,
0.5693359375,
0.7807617188,
1.35546875,
0.376953125,
0.4287109375,
0.7138671875,
0.599609375,
0.0473937988,
-0.2868652344,
0.2570800781,
0.1350097656,
-0.02734375,
-0.4367675781,
0.7763671875,
-1.1650390625,
-0.2084960938,
0.2595214844,
-1.267578125,
-1.0712890625,
-0.1496582031,
-0.66015625,
-0.638671875,
-0.3803710938,
-0.2595214844,
0.0477294922,
-0.3620605469,
0.1161499023,
0.0705566406,
-0.2673339844,
-0.53125,
0.5849609375,
-0.3835449219,
-0.0966186523,
0.7485351562,
0.4599609375,
0.1949462891,
-0.2707519531,
0.9736328125,
-0.4606933594,
-0.0112609863,
-1.3798828125,
-0.853515625,
-0.1330566406,
0.1903076172,
0.828125,
0.7504882812,
0.2136230469,
-0.0447692871,
0.0037479401,
-0.7924804688,
0.4123535156,
-0.7026367188,
-0.591796875,
0.0962524414,
-0.3032226562,
0.0263061523,
0.0708618164,
0.1067504883,
-0.1876220703,
-0.5747070312,
-0.3449707031,
0.0562438965,
0.3991699219,
0.689453125,
0.5385742188,
1.123046875,
-0.9125976562,
0.2045898438,
-1.0751953125,
1.02734375,
-0.4907226562,
0.056640625,
0.0469665527,
0.3103027344,
-0.3312988281,
0.6196289062,
-0.0756835938,
-0.89453125,
0.6108398438,
0.7275390625,
-0.2878417969,
-0.4050292969,
-0.9165039062,
0.3432617188,
0.3046875,
-0.2001953125,
-0.2631835938,
0.0758666992,
0.5327148438,
0.1042480469,
0.8891601562,
0.6318359375,
-0.1435546875,
-0.0944213867,
-0.5190429688,
-0.2653808594,
-0.5180664062,
0.87109375,
0.6245117188,
-0.8657226562,
-0.6040039062,
-0.1767578125,
-0.5083007812,
0.8525390625,
0.0424804688,
0.112487793,
0.2609863281,
0.1588134766,
-0.9365234375,
-0.5512695312,
0.5073242188,
0.3100585938,
-1.91796875,
-0.60546875,
-1.05859375,
-0.3952636719,
0.298828125,
-0.5766601562,
0.2651367188,
0.9990234375,
0.193359375,
-1.4052734375,
-0.5283203125,
0.3483886719,
-0.1068115234,
0.5366210938,
0.0349731445,
1.8466796875,
0.0003974438,
0.2272949219,
-0.2340087891,
0.3518066406,
1.1474609375,
-0.720703125,
0.1813964844,
0.140625,
0.0506591797,
0.7084960938,
-0.4328613281,
0.0192718506,
0.1607666016,
0.1319580078,
0.3239746094,
-0.1771240234,
-0.3547363281,
0.4655761719,
-0.4636230469,
-0.2497558594,
0.4921875,
0.72265625,
-0.5815429688,
-0.1635742188,
0.7583007812,
-0.0280151367,
-1.2666015625,
-0.8256835938,
-0.1958007812,
-0.1195678711,
-0.0419921875,
0.466796875,
0.365234375,
-0.0676269531,
0.7939453125,
0.5107421875,
0.8881835938,
0.8022460938,
-0.3020019531,
0.77734375,
-0.3679199219,
-0.9619140625,
-0.5268554688,
-0.4714355469,
0.5141601562,
-0.7807617188,
-0.2521972656,
-0.0312042236,
0.2863769531,
1.0078125,
0.0440673828,
-0.408203125,
-0.5390625,
-0.2308349609,
-0.9926757812,
1.16796875,
0.2756347656,
0.4970703125,
1.58203125,
-0.6787109375,
-1.0810546875,
-0.2188720703,
0.4118652344,
-0.2690429688,
-0.0571594238,
-0.1336669922,
0.1885986328,
1.3447265625,
-0.6040039062,
0.1357421875,
0.5141601562,
0.5288085938,
-0.2061767578,
-0.2033691406,
-0.1594238281,
0.001786232,
0.2905273438,
0.4819335938,
0.3601074219,
0.4045410156,
0.7373046875,
0.712890625,
-0.2342529297,
-0.552734375,
0.0634765625,
0.1781005859,
-0.0816650391,
-0.2561035156,
-1.044921875,
-0.96875,
0.3828125,
-0.0869750977,
-1.1552734375,
-0.0793457031,
0.2141113281,
0.0970458984,
0.4548339844,
-0.5336914062,
-0.3388671875,
-1.0283203125,
-0.3264160156,
-1.2353515625,
0.2243652344,
0.3142089844,
-0.369140625,
-0.0352478027,
0.8725585938,
-1.2041015625,
0.556640625,
0.501953125,
0.7431640625,
0.2648925781,
0.1002807617,
0.1983642578,
-0.662109375,
-0.0803222656,
-0.1735839844,
-0.267578125,
0.3571777344,
-0.3491210938,
-0.2785644531,
-0.5571289062,
-0.6215820312,
-0.4580078125,
-0.2410888672,
-0.3745117188,
-0.0067329407,
-0.2088623047,
-0.853515625,
-0.5791015625,
0.5913085938,
0.2327880859,
0.7646484375,
-0.2172851562,
0.3503417969,
0.0623168945,
0.1920166016,
0.5610351562,
0.2493896484,
0.41015625,
0.1511230469,
-1.083984375,
0.4587402344,
1.2822265625,
0.845703125,
0.0979003906,
-1.8935546875,
0.2230224609,
-0.0263519287,
-0.4724121094,
0.1079711914,
-0.1551513672,
-0.4770507812,
0.2316894531,
-0.5849609375,
-0.2878417969,
0.3151855469,
-0.1995849609,
0.0553894043,
0.1226806641,
-0.2332763672,
0.2998046875,
0.1918945312,
-0.1853027344,
1.3251953125,
0.0875854492,
0.4252929688,
0.2247314453,
0.6459960938,
0.2663574219,
-0.2230224609,
0.2805175781,
0.2912597656,
0.1145019531,
-1.0009765625,
0.0729980469,
0.5390625,
-0.5297851562,
0.1828613281,
-0.4897460938,
0.0664672852,
-0.654296875,
0.1850585938,
-0.0958251953,
0.0532836914,
-1.22265625,
-0.1501464844,
0.1942138672,
-0.2961425781,
-0.388671875,
0.2629394531,
-0.0905151367,
0.0936889648,
-0.9516601562,
-0.8823242188,
-0.5703125,
0.1525878906,
0.63671875,
0.1802978516,
-0.734375,
-0.83203125,
-0.8984375,
0.2524414062,
0.9814453125,
0.0297546387,
-0.4733886719,
0.3024902344,
-1.123046875,
0.4697265625,
0.2379150391,
0.4929199219,
0.1141967773,
-0.7641601562,
0.2065429688,
0.7333984375,
-0.3935546875,
0.4416503906,
0.6953125,
-0.5815429688,
-0.0664672852,
0.0803833008,
0.1966552734,
0.4304199219,
0.1309814453,
-0.0067062378,
-0.22265625,
-0.5166015625,
-0.4750976562,
0.4345703125,
0.0063018799,
0.423828125,
0.3674316406,
-0.7802734375,
-0.47265625,
1.2333984375,
-0.0804443359,
-0.2244873047,
-0.8315429688,
-0.8061523438,
0.7495117188,
1.0087890625,
0.9189453125,
-0.4467773438,
1.046875,
0.0199584961,
0.451171875,
-0.1361083984,
0.3479003906,
-0.0302276611,
-0.1612548828,
0.2546386719,
0.26953125,
0.053314209,
0.1785888672,
-1.642578125,
-0.3037109375,
-0.2399902344,
-0.0701293945,
0.3305664062,
-0.5512695312,
-0.4497070312,
-0.1363525391,
-0.4438476562,
-0.517578125,
-0.0583496094,
-0.2639160156,
-0.9360351562,
0.0579528809,
0.2318115234,
0.650390625,
-0.1781005859,
-1.455078125,
0.0370788574,
-0.611328125,
-0.0690917969,
-0.7666015625,
0.607421875,
0.7456054688,
1.0341796875,
0.4541015625,
-0.4106445312,
-0.1541748047,
0.5283203125,
-0.5297851562,
-0.1831054688,
-0.5971679688,
0.8022460938,
-0.40625,
-0.51171875,
0.4924316406,
0.5473632812,
-0.6435546875,
-0.1641845703,
-0.2332763672,
0.1108398438,
-0.2849121094,
0.1704101562,
-0.6655273438,
-0.0561828613,
-0.3779296875,
-0.853515625,
0.5043945312,
0.1248168945,
0.603515625,
-0.0272979736,
0.3334960938,
0.2690429688,
-1.373046875,
-0.2963867188,
-0.0637207031,
0.0731201172,
-0.1071166992,
0.0629272461,
-0.3427734375,
0.0412597656,
0.4609375,
0.6499023438,
-0.7299804688,
-0.8178710938,
0.1127319336,
-0.2225341797,
-0.1682128906,
0.3063964844,
-0.4750976562,
-0.3566894531,
-0.1301269531,
-0.6547851562,
1.4775390625,
0.2744140625,
0.5727539062,
-0.4699707031,
-0.3232421875,
0.0598144531,
0.52734375,
-0.6752929688,
-0.2404785156,
0.146484375,
-0.3933105469,
-0.3020019531,
-14.8671875,
0.1744384766,
0.91796875,
-0.3134765625,
-0.6372070312,
0.3947753906,
1.068359375,
-0.3676757812,
0.0629272461,
-0.64453125,
-0.5708007812,
0.9575195312,
-0.65625,
-0.2736816406,
-0.1538085938,
-0.5234375,
-1.2412109375,
-0.7348632812,
-0.1064453125,
0.3894042969,
0.3288574219,
-0.36328125,
-0.3857421875,
-0.1929931641,
0.5522460938,
0.1390380859,
0.466796875,
-0.1118164062,
-0.8139648438,
-0.8393554688,
-0.2008056641,
-0.1906738281,
-0.8271484375,
0.1324462891,
0.1824951172,
0.484375,
0.2292480469,
0.3483886719,
0.0904541016,
0.1417236328,
0.4689941406,
0.2178955078,
0.0917358398,
1.1630859375,
-0.6723632812,
-0.0331420898,
0.5224609375,
-0.1861572266,
0.076965332,
-0.384765625,
-0.1988525391,
2.298828125,
1.373046875,
0.2404785156,
-0.5620117188,
-0.1956787109,
-1.90234375,
0.55859375,
0.4301757812,
-0.2312011719,
-0.2163085938,
0.5029296875,
0.509765625,
0.1243896484,
-0.435546875,
-0.4907226562,
-0.4333496094,
-1.4794921875,
0.6772460938,
-0.4460449219,
0.1838378906,
-1.2080078125,
0.5786132812,
-1.212890625,
-0.0051193237,
0.2614746094,
-1.390625,
-0.9067382812,
-0.5659179688,
-0.4658203125,
-0.6123046875,
-0.0405273438
] |
The aim of the award is to promote ethical reflection on issues raised by advances in science and technology, and to raise global awareness of the importance of ethics in science. The Avicenna Directories (2008–15; now the World Directory of Medical Schools) list universities and schools where doctors, public health practitioners, pharmacists and others, are educated. The original project team stated "Why Avicenna? Avicenna ... was ... noted for his synthesis of knowledge from both east and west. He has had a lasting influence on the development of medicine and health sciences. The use of Avicenna's name symbolises the worldwide partnership that is needed for the promotion of health services of high quality." In June 2009, Iran donated a "Persian Scholars Pavilion" to United Nations Office in Vienna which is placed in the central Memorial Plaza of the Vienna International Center. The "Persian Scholars Pavilion" at United Nations in Vienna, Austria is featuring the statues of four prominent Iranian figures. Highlighting the Iranian architectural features, the pavilion is adorned with Persian art forms and includes the statues of renowned Iranian scientists Avicenna, Al-Biruni, Zakariya Razi (Rhazes) and Omar Khayyam. The 1982 Soviet film Youth of Genius () by recounts Avicenna's younger years. The film is set in Bukhara at the turn of the millennium. In Louis L'Amour's 1985 historical novel The Walking Drum, Kerbouchard studies and discusses Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine. | [
0.669921875,
-0.2709960938,
1.474609375,
-0.7426757812,
0.1716308594,
0.1981201172,
-0.54296875,
-0.2000732422,
-0.5654296875,
0.2634277344,
0.6674804688,
0.7861328125,
0.3125,
-0.036895752,
-0.2044677734,
0.3415527344,
-0.5546875,
-0.744140625,
-0.0141372681,
0.3588867188,
-0.197265625,
-0.609375,
-0.2204589844,
-0.9428710938,
-1.765625,
-1.2451171875,
0.556640625,
0.1859130859,
-0.6254882812,
-0.5458984375,
0.1669921875,
0.3103027344,
-0.1403808594,
-1.0185546875,
-0.6127929688,
-0.298828125,
0.9794921875,
-0.66796875,
-0.3298339844,
-0.0487976074,
-0.5532226562,
-0.5927734375,
-0.7231445312,
0.4248046875,
0.7900390625,
0.0737915039,
0.5712890625,
0.4499511719,
-0.2191162109,
-1.123046875,
-0.2553710938,
0.3215332031,
-0.04296875,
0.4743652344,
-0.521484375,
0.1693115234,
0.0838623047,
-1.673828125,
-0.1867675781,
-0.2434082031,
0.5537109375,
-0.3598632812,
0.0563964844,
-0.7485351562,
0.5112304688,
-0.4653320312,
-0.4501953125,
-0.5434570312,
-0.4758300781,
0.5288085938,
-0.9716796875,
0.1265869141,
-0.5390625,
0.0747070312,
-0.4421386719,
-0.2680664062,
0.0092697144,
0.4050292969,
-0.5224609375,
-0.3493652344,
-0.2971191406,
-0.4453125,
-0.073425293,
-0.2044677734,
0.9692382812,
0.7973632812,
0.388671875,
-0.4104003906,
-0.2668457031,
0.9819335938,
-0.0524902344,
-0.7470703125,
-0.8291015625,
-0.2846679688,
0.345703125,
-0.0200195312,
0.2534179688,
-1.560546875,
-0.2000732422,
1.0068359375,
-0.2214355469,
-1.44921875,
0.4116210938,
-0.5146484375,
1.2275390625,
1.08203125,
-0.1879882812,
-0.2973632812,
-0.5014648438,
-0.1636962891,
0.3754882812,
-0.2685546875,
0.4631347656,
0.6025390625,
0.6123046875,
-0.625,
0.2163085938,
-0.4768066406,
-0.2353515625,
-0.0192260742,
-0.7065429688,
0.5849609375,
-0.2484130859,
0.094543457,
0.748046875,
0.6455078125,
-0.1423339844,
1.091796875,
0.2763671875,
0.0176391602,
0.3627929688,
0.0051765442,
-0.1174926758,
0.25390625,
0.7841796875,
-0.5302734375,
-1.0810546875,
0.5122070312,
-0.431640625,
0.1248168945,
0.0335388184,
0.8330078125,
-0.3647460938,
0.5307617188,
0.970703125,
-0.3083496094,
-0.4057617188,
0.2042236328,
-1.185546875,
-0.4226074219,
-0.494140625,
-0.7856445312,
0.283203125,
0.2072753906,
-0.294921875,
-0.826171875,
-0.8408203125,
-0.3393554688,
-0.5458984375,
-0.0116958618,
-0.5493164062,
-0.0872802734,
-0.6552734375,
0.0980224609,
-0.2570800781,
0.5864257812,
-0.607421875,
0.2639160156,
1.208984375,
-0.3161621094,
-0.1507568359,
0.2220458984,
-0.451171875,
-0.0817260742,
0.4235839844,
-0.1651611328,
0.2995605469,
0.3774414062,
-0.6362304688,
-0.3830566406,
0.3601074219,
-1.744140625,
0.8413085938,
-0.0610046387,
0.380859375,
0.6342773438,
0.2966308594,
-0.7763671875,
-0.5258789062,
-0.8159179688,
0.4060058594,
0.4753417969,
-0.3515625,
-0.62109375,
-1.2958984375,
-0.5063476562,
0.6689453125,
0.7763671875,
-0.5834960938,
0.0468139648,
0.6469726562,
1.05859375,
-0.2390136719,
-0.0957641602,
-0.0668334961,
-0.6645507812,
0.4138183594,
1.6787109375,
-0.5151367188,
-0.3781738281,
0.0948486328,
0.126953125,
-0.2583007812,
-0.1981201172,
-0.8984375,
0.2481689453,
-0.1920166016,
-0.3090820312,
0.9321289062,
-0.3688964844,
-0.1796875,
-0.2353515625,
-1.4912109375,
-0.0676269531,
-1.5048828125,
-0.4560546875,
-0.3591308594,
1.28125,
0.224609375,
0.4846191406,
0.6259765625,
-0.1049804688,
-0.7744140625,
0.4138183594,
0.0722045898,
-0.2421875,
0.576171875,
0.2817382812,
-0.876953125,
-0.089050293,
0.8466796875,
-0.52734375,
-0.0306091309,
-0.7568359375,
0.537109375,
0.2119140625,
0.8623046875,
1.09765625,
0.896484375,
0.0008311272,
0.1940917969,
0.0611572266,
0.2189941406,
-0.3518066406,
-0.5395507812,
-0.7373046875,
0.0835571289,
-0.9150390625,
0.1200561523,
0.3291015625,
-0.2026367188,
-0.0974731445,
1.19921875,
-0.2102050781,
-0.3854980469,
-0.3288574219,
-0.65625,
-0.697265625,
0.1267089844,
0.8227539062,
0.1352539062,
0.5893554688,
-0.2440185547,
-0.3432617188,
0.4240722656,
0.7045898438,
-0.1617431641,
0.2009277344,
0.1115112305,
0.1702880859,
0.25,
0.0230560303,
-0.1052246094,
-0.7915039062,
0.876953125,
-0.7880859375,
-0.1671142578,
1.71484375,
0.8842773438,
-0.1453857422,
0.3474121094,
-0.4609375,
0.30078125,
0.2056884766,
-0.1287841797,
0.2905273438,
0.5380859375,
0.1536865234,
0.9248046875,
0.8129882812,
-0.388671875,
0.1577148438,
0.0042190552,
0.5708007812,
0.7197265625,
0.3706054688,
-0.5361328125,
1,
0.884765625,
0.1383056641,
0.1962890625,
-0.4953613281,
-0.482421875,
0.0842285156,
-0.3967285156,
0.1708984375,
-0.8212890625,
0.4267578125,
-0.9887695312,
0.318359375,
0.30859375,
-0.82421875,
-0.1668701172,
0.2490234375,
-0.775390625,
0.60546875,
0.4870605469,
-0.7407226562,
1.5517578125,
-0.0051727295,
0.1905517578,
0.1267089844,
0.6333007812,
0.1301269531,
0.3557128906,
0.6274414062,
0.7983398438,
0.4838867188,
0.1085205078,
-0.12109375,
0.1130981445,
0.3623046875,
0.6044921875,
0.1468505859,
-0.2785644531,
0.8383789062,
-0.1155395508,
0.4006347656,
0.2183837891,
0.1400146484,
1.166015625,
-0.5131835938,
-0.0802612305,
-0.0106658936,
0.1340332031,
1.109375,
-0.0579833984,
-0.2758789062,
0.1541748047,
0.6948242188,
0.1805419922,
-0.6015625,
-2.234375,
0.8115234375,
-0.1363525391,
-0.7333984375,
-0.2360839844,
-0.88671875,
-0.0545959473,
0.1511230469,
0.2102050781,
0.2729492188,
-1.0322265625,
-0.3251953125,
1.1865234375,
-0.4045410156,
-0.884765625,
0.4851074219,
-1.087890625,
-0.5922851562,
0.124206543,
0.1041870117,
-1.1826171875,
-0.0645751953,
-0.0203399658,
0.4091796875,
-0.4899902344,
0.2553710938,
-0.3015136719,
0.038269043,
0.3881835938,
0.2543945312,
0.2751464844,
-0.8276367188,
-0.3093261719,
0.0332641602,
1.3623046875,
-0.9907226562,
0.2924804688,
0.9116210938,
0.5024414062,
0.6162109375,
-0.0484008789,
0.1090087891,
-0.5590820312,
-1.421875,
1.033203125,
-0.3674316406,
-0.0368347168,
0.2678222656,
-0.2370605469,
-0.0242767334,
-0.0437927246,
0.603515625,
0.4299316406,
0.0188446045,
0.1401367188,
0.0570678711,
1.369140625,
-0.0773925781,
-0.3654785156,
0.4389648438,
-0.3718261719,
0.0645141602,
0.267578125,
0.6943359375,
-0.0606994629,
0.7104492188,
-0.8701171875,
-0.15625,
0.2476806641,
-0.4604492188,
-0.9282226562,
0.094543457,
-0.5903320312,
-0.0647583008,
0.2680664062,
-0.3947753906,
1.01171875,
0.0776977539,
0.876953125,
0.1643066406,
-0.6040039062,
0.6630859375,
1.115234375,
0.9838867188,
1.0830078125,
-1.3369140625,
0.053527832,
-1.2958984375,
-0.8344726562,
0.337890625,
1.306640625,
-0.1938476562,
0.9204101562,
-0.6708984375,
0.4643554688,
-0.0840454102,
-0.2352294922,
0.71484375,
1.689453125,
0.3857421875,
-0.65234375,
-0.4855957031,
-0.6186523438,
-0.7626953125,
-0.6254882812,
-0.1287841797,
-0.271484375,
-0.0763549805,
-0.6982421875,
-0.0646362305,
-0.0674438477,
-0.1838378906,
-0.4216308594,
1.056640625,
0.5126953125,
0.400390625,
0.2517089844,
0.6733398438,
0.5419921875,
0.2322998047,
1.017578125,
0.1560058594,
0.6889648438,
0.6889648438,
-0.3881835938,
-1.001953125,
0.2015380859,
-0.765625,
-0.3979492188,
-0.0099639893,
-1.3359375,
-0.0442810059,
0.0772094727,
0.0710449219,
-0.70703125,
-0.541015625,
-0.5029296875,
-0.1442871094,
-0.8671875,
-0.1248779297,
-0.8046875,
-0.1044921875,
-0.0416564941,
1.009765625,
-0.5795898438,
-0.7690429688,
0.3859863281,
0.1630859375,
-0.3737792969,
0.3566894531,
0.955078125,
-0.5942382812,
-0.4677734375,
-0.904296875,
-0.5600585938,
0.1579589844,
0.2445068359,
0.4436035156,
0.4672851562,
0.2961425781,
-0.3168945312,
-0.4372558594,
-1.447265625,
0.1936035156,
-0.1199951172,
-1.4814453125,
0.5107421875,
-0.3530273438,
0.30859375,
-0.3771972656,
0.1418457031,
-0.462890625,
-0.3093261719,
-0.0806884766,
-0.0595092773,
0.037902832,
-0.3977050781,
0.611328125,
0.5063476562,
-0.884765625,
0.4541015625,
-0.3515625,
1.6474609375,
-0.1447753906,
-0.1291503906,
0.4125976562,
0.5908203125,
0.1007080078,
0.6733398438,
0.1599121094,
-0.8579101562,
1.125,
0.7651367188,
-0.5004882812,
-0.9189453125,
-1.333984375,
0.1810302734,
0.3854980469,
-0.224609375,
-0.3959960938,
-0.4140625,
0.2342529297,
0.0230712891,
0.5971679688,
0.6586914062,
0.049407959,
-0.658203125,
-0.3073730469,
-0.6938476562,
-0.3217773438,
0.6489257812,
0.4184570312,
-1.0703125,
-0.3955078125,
-0.2602539062,
-0.8779296875,
0.939453125,
0.1381835938,
-0.4047851562,
0.0692749023,
-0.2458496094,
0.0414428711,
-0.6938476562,
0.4331054688,
0.7202148438,
-1.173828125,
-0.87890625,
-0.72265625,
-0.2561035156,
0.3801269531,
-0.6303710938,
-0.1363525391,
0.7607421875,
0.8959960938,
-1.373046875,
-0.6494140625,
0.498046875,
-0.3286132812,
0.2303466797,
-0.0287780762,
1.39453125,
0.2956542969,
0.1970214844,
-0.365234375,
0.0994262695,
1.28125,
-0.6186523438,
0.1927490234,
0.4907226562,
0.1038208008,
0.9951171875,
-0.3395996094,
0.0132064819,
0.6274414062,
1.2001953125,
0.7890625,
-0.6313476562,
-0.7294921875,
0.376953125,
-0.1505126953,
0.4350585938,
0.3393554688,
0.1848144531,
-0.4418945312,
-0.3898925781,
0.3974609375,
-0.3540039062,
-0.7041015625,
-0.9560546875,
0.1516113281,
0.0844726562,
0.0704956055,
0.8017578125,
0.7294921875,
-0.2993164062,
0.1824951172,
-0.027053833,
0.3813476562,
0.25390625,
-0.057434082,
-0.3132324219,
-0.2385253906,
-0.689453125,
-0.7919921875,
-0.4272460938,
0.4689941406,
-0.4404296875,
0.1391601562,
0.5517578125,
0.5288085938,
0.951171875,
-0.1540527344,
-0.3806152344,
-0.7485351562,
-0.0599060059,
-1.197265625,
1.6962890625,
0.2178955078,
-0.1205444336,
0.9462890625,
0.0023002625,
-1.1005859375,
-0.5297851562,
-0.4438476562,
-0.3442382812,
0.2897949219,
0.1102294922,
-0.5126953125,
1.10546875,
-0.4609375,
0.3779296875,
1.1904296875,
-0.1541748047,
-0.4509277344,
0.939453125,
-0.8940429688,
-0.3649902344,
1.3544921875,
0.65625,
0.7387695312,
0.2336425781,
0.74609375,
0.2587890625,
-0.2175292969,
0.0101394653,
-0.1474609375,
-0.0685424805,
-0.220703125,
-0.9604492188,
-1.4931640625,
-0.90234375,
0.1352539062,
-0.1796875,
-0.7309570312,
0.7963867188,
0.1414794922,
0.5751953125,
0.4694824219,
0.0480651855,
0.060760498,
-1.2509765625,
0.3720703125,
-1.244140625,
0.2827148438,
0.4130859375,
-0.138671875,
-0.3869628906,
0.2866210938,
-1.1435546875,
0.2336425781,
0.4951171875,
-0.1217651367,
0.5576171875,
0.751953125,
0.0827636719,
-1.4208984375,
0.2009277344,
0.3449707031,
0.1627197266,
1.0322265625,
0.2009277344,
-0.2030029297,
-0.1596679688,
-1.6513671875,
-0.0174865723,
-0.4616699219,
0.56640625,
0.3034667969,
0.2775878906,
-0.3327636719,
-0.62890625,
0.0658569336,
-0.3505859375,
0.3017578125,
0.3388671875,
0.2600097656,
-0.5454101562,
0.2563476562,
0.537109375,
0.7119140625,
0.43359375,
0.6899414062,
-0.740234375,
0.2165527344,
1.1552734375,
0.1400146484,
-0.1531982422,
-1.23828125,
0.3952636719,
-0.0556030273,
-0.6015625,
1.025390625,
-0.0356140137,
-0.9912109375,
-0.3728027344,
-0.6088867188,
-0.6098632812,
0.7919921875,
-0.0821533203,
-0.021194458,
0.4934082031,
0.2514648438,
0.0901489258,
-0.1268310547,
0.3237304688,
0.9946289062,
-0.1442871094,
0.7377929688,
-0.3813476562,
0.3315429688,
-0.027053833,
-0.5776367188,
0.1519775391,
0.3603515625,
-0.1749267578,
-0.845703125,
-0.1329345703,
0.4653320312,
-0.302734375,
-0.1942138672,
-0.294921875,
-0.2481689453,
-0.4497070312,
-0.3596191406,
0.53515625,
-0.0358581543,
-1.7294921875,
-0.564453125,
0.5126953125,
-0.7329101562,
-0.2705078125,
-0.0316772461,
0.1407470703,
0.4538574219,
-0.7353515625,
-1.06640625,
-0.2775878906,
0.1052856445,
-0.004650116,
0.1416015625,
0.125,
-1.029296875,
-1.162109375,
0.1572265625,
0.0960083008,
-0.2648925781,
-0.0260009766,
0.1834716797,
-0.7485351562,
0.4189453125,
0.3073730469,
-0.0147247314,
-0.2214355469,
-0.5546875,
0.1151733398,
0.4235839844,
-0.552734375,
-0.0391540527,
1.05859375,
-0.3171386719,
0.244140625,
0.2091064453,
0.2106933594,
0.4208984375,
0.7890625,
-0.6313476562,
-0.7426757812,
-0.5161132812,
0.2666015625,
0.1875,
0.3146972656,
0.6772460938,
0.2108154297,
0.3544921875,
-0.3505859375,
0.806640625,
-0.4438476562,
-0.5205078125,
-0.5620117188,
-0.1418457031,
-0.0968017578,
0.6215820312,
0.2531738281,
-0.4599609375,
1.0048828125,
-0.43359375,
0.4704589844,
-0.26171875,
-0.1618652344,
0.1385498047,
-0.26953125,
0.1169433594,
0.24609375,
-0.1060180664,
-0.5087890625,
-2.67578125,
-0.458984375,
0.5063476562,
-0.0755615234,
0.2861328125,
-1.0712890625,
0.2277832031,
-0.0437011719,
-0.5776367188,
-0.8349609375,
-0.1890869141,
-0.1955566406,
-0.7783203125,
-0.0358886719,
-0.0841064453,
0.0993041992,
-0.5185546875,
-0.9633789062,
-0.4091796875,
-0.5615234375,
-0.5048828125,
-0.5952148438,
1.1494140625,
0.3713378906,
1.466796875,
0.0543823242,
-0.6328125,
0.3352050781,
0.3364257812,
-0.4709472656,
-0.0961303711,
-0.580078125,
1.0712890625,
-0.9057617188,
-0.8842773438,
0.5903320312,
0.5712890625,
-0.8017578125,
-0.291015625,
-0.3037109375,
-0.0518188477,
0.4262695312,
0.578125,
-1.259765625,
-0.1809082031,
-0.7587890625,
-0.4499511719,
0.9677734375,
0.4995117188,
0.1800537109,
-0.9091796875,
0.701171875,
0.2878417969,
-1.298828125,
-0.4621582031,
0.2548828125,
0.703125,
0.0378723145,
0.0571899414,
-0.5151367188,
-0.1330566406,
0.3493652344,
0.4018554688,
-0.1048583984,
-1.0478515625,
-0.810546875,
-0.822265625,
0.2700195312,
0.2208251953,
-0.0809936523,
0.1397705078,
-0.5014648438,
0.0068740845,
1.3525390625,
0.33203125,
0.5825195312,
-0.0567321777,
-0.2416992188,
0.6645507812,
0.1519775391,
-0.5205078125,
-0.2141113281,
0.3796386719,
-0.4265136719,
0.1655273438,
-13.7421875,
-0.2551269531,
1.177734375,
-0.3669433594,
-0.2858886719,
0.0485839844,
0.7817382812,
0.0696411133,
0.291015625,
-0.2481689453,
0.4187011719,
1.2041015625,
-0.6884765625,
0.1306152344,
-0.2946777344,
0.1511230469,
-1.205078125,
-0.7255859375,
0.3195800781,
0.4655761719,
0.3100585938,
0.681640625,
0.2956542969,
-0.0563049316,
0.587890625,
0.2138671875,
0.6513671875,
-0.546875,
-0.8920898438,
-0.6127929688,
0.1167602539,
0.3881835938,
-0.4602050781,
0.0602416992,
0.3098144531,
1.1337890625,
0.1262207031,
-0.2570800781,
-0.1110839844,
-0.2244873047,
0.4582519531,
0.1351318359,
-0.0275115967,
0.7241210938,
-0.9633789062,
-0.455078125,
-0.2546386719,
0.1658935547,
0.2561035156,
-0.3408203125,
-0.4721679688,
1.9453125,
0.7553710938,
0.9731445312,
-1.021484375,
-0.3291015625,
-1.49609375,
1.01171875,
-0.0692749023,
-0.7451171875,
-0.6923828125,
0.5649414062,
-0.7163085938,
-0.0186004639,
-0.3532714844,
-0.1483154297,
-0.37890625,
-1.296875,
0.5922851562,
0.0283660889,
-0.126953125,
-0.8740234375,
1.111328125,
-1.087890625,
0.4223632812,
0.5151367188,
-0.9130859375,
-0.8413085938,
-0.0824584961,
0.0289764404,
-0.1440429688,
-0.0608215332
] |
In his book The Physician (1988) Noah Gordon tells the story of a young English medical apprentice who disguises himself as a Jew to travel from England to Persia and learn from Avicenna, the great master of his time. The novel was adapted into a feature film, The Physician, in 2013. Avicenna was played by Ben Kingsley. List of works
The treatises of Avicenna influenced later Muslim thinkers in many areas including theology, philology, mathematics, astronomy, physics and music. His works numbered almost 450 volumes on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived. In particular, 150 volumes of his surviving works concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine. His most famous works are The Book of Healing, and The Canon of Medicine. Avicenna wrote at least one treatise on alchemy, but several others have been falsely attributed to him. His Logic, Metaphysics, Physics, and De Caelo, are treatises giving a synoptic view of Aristotelian doctrine, though Metaphysics demonstrates a significant departure from the brand of Neoplatonism known as Aristotelianism in Avicenna's world; Arabic philosophers have hinted at the idea that Avicenna was attempting to "re-Aristotelianise" Muslim philosophy in its entirety, unlike his predecessors, who accepted the conflation of Platonic, Aristotelian, Neo- and Middle-Platonic works transmitted into the Muslim world. The Logic and Metaphysics have been extensively reprinted, the latter, e.g., at Venice in 1493, 1495 and 1546. | [
0.7666015625,
-0.6098632812,
1.6572265625,
0.0264282227,
-0.0140304565,
0.0629272461,
-0.83203125,
0.0972290039,
-1.2646484375,
0.724609375,
0.3735351562,
0.4660644531,
0.4855957031,
-0.4392089844,
-0.6015625,
-0.0374145508,
-0.3605957031,
-0.767578125,
0.4194335938,
0.4558105469,
0.1052246094,
-0.2924804688,
0.2902832031,
-1.15625,
-1.833984375,
-0.3334960938,
-0.5307617188,
-0.1033935547,
0.2661132812,
0.5234375,
0.5190429688,
-0.0151138306,
0.1337890625,
-0.7661132812,
-0.4401855469,
-0.673828125,
1.150390625,
-0.7275390625,
-0.2348632812,
0.2182617188,
-1.0234375,
-0.62890625,
-0.7700195312,
0.024307251,
0.8940429688,
0.1822509766,
0.1662597656,
0.2746582031,
-0.1762695312,
-0.634765625,
-1.650390625,
0.8461914062,
-0.2144775391,
0.1510009766,
-0.1420898438,
0.498046875,
-0.080871582,
-0.8041992188,
-0.0295257568,
-1.015625,
0.326171875,
-0.9125976562,
0.6958007812,
-0.9594726562,
0.3208007812,
-0.3837890625,
-0.3845214844,
-0.5288085938,
-0.0729980469,
0.6201171875,
-0.9663085938,
0.1798095703,
-0.6865234375,
0.3947753906,
-0.2181396484,
-0.1661376953,
-0.0900878906,
0.4479980469,
0.1744384766,
-0.4294433594,
0.4367675781,
-0.5537109375,
-0.0061035156,
-0.8251953125,
0.0995483398,
0.9526367188,
1.24609375,
0.0659790039,
-0.0541381836,
1.1201171875,
0.5732421875,
-0.4047851562,
-0.51171875,
-0.1434326172,
1.2861328125,
-0.2175292969,
0.17578125,
-0.8798828125,
-0.3156738281,
-0.5083007812,
-0.2844238281,
-1.009765625,
-0.0892944336,
-0.4118652344,
0.9907226562,
0.5834960938,
-0.4309082031,
-0.4946289062,
-0.7485351562,
-0.2866210938,
0.0522155762,
0.0904541016,
0.3347167969,
0.4975585938,
0.5673828125,
-0.1090698242,
0.1473388672,
0.1853027344,
-0.4819335938,
-0.4326171875,
-0.8857421875,
0.0750732422,
-0.5244140625,
0.2719726562,
0.703125,
0.4697265625,
-0.8442382812,
0.3850097656,
0.0189666748,
-0.3754882812,
0.0555725098,
0.1324462891,
0.0262145996,
0.3364257812,
0.2122802734,
-0.8056640625,
-0.7412109375,
0.1483154297,
-0.6059570312,
0.1903076172,
-0.3059082031,
0.5122070312,
-0.3864746094,
1.0166015625,
0.3842773438,
-0.3212890625,
0.2678222656,
0.6904296875,
-0.2043457031,
-0.1771240234,
-0.2514648438,
-0.8188476562,
0.2885742188,
-0.1357421875,
0.0621337891,
-0.5297851562,
-0.0806884766,
-0.8251953125,
-0.90625,
-0.2330322266,
-0.4799804688,
0.1409912109,
-0.4038085938,
0.529296875,
0.166015625,
1.12109375,
-0.81640625,
0.6142578125,
1.1806640625,
0.3012695312,
-0.2863769531,
0.708984375,
-0.3266601562,
0.2420654297,
0.3046875,
-0.4968261719,
0.7202148438,
0.517578125,
-0.4743652344,
-0.8413085938,
0.4719238281,
-1.3056640625,
-0.2005615234,
0.1614990234,
0.1455078125,
-0.1403808594,
0.0545959473,
-0.9609375,
-0.4123535156,
-0.70703125,
-0.6875,
0.3669433594,
-0.4204101562,
-0.4091796875,
-1.744140625,
-0.7880859375,
0.0986328125,
0.9448242188,
-0.4533691406,
-0.1450195312,
0.36328125,
0.775390625,
-0.0564575195,
0.37109375,
-0.4353027344,
-1.1396484375,
0.48828125,
0.5512695312,
-0.4624023438,
-0.962890625,
-0.6845703125,
0.50390625,
0.6137695312,
0.240234375,
-0.1743164062,
0.14453125,
-0.3374023438,
-0.1260986328,
0.5434570312,
-0.1081542969,
-0.5634765625,
-0.76953125,
-1.00390625,
0.4562988281,
-1.7568359375,
0.5131835938,
-0.9775390625,
1.4892578125,
0.1748046875,
1.2275390625,
0.6923828125,
0.0173492432,
-1.45703125,
-0.2010498047,
-0.1452636719,
-0.951171875,
-0.1257324219,
-0.9228515625,
-0.2100830078,
-0.1370849609,
0.5200195312,
-0.5424804688,
-0.0878295898,
-0.4914550781,
0.5810546875,
1.7021484375,
-0.1067504883,
1.73828125,
0.9482421875,
-0.1208496094,
0.3056640625,
0.888671875,
0.7885742188,
0.8515625,
0.1372070312,
-0.3151855469,
0.3637695312,
0.6708984375,
0.705078125,
-0.1553955078,
-0.0087661743,
-0.2366943359,
0.2866210938,
-0.0957641602,
0.0903320312,
0.2155761719,
0.2807617188,
-0.1755371094,
0.4853515625,
0.5180664062,
0.140625,
0.1812744141,
-0.783203125,
-0.1029052734,
0.8916015625,
0.3083496094,
0.3588867188,
0.1906738281,
-0.56640625,
-0.2619628906,
0.3000488281,
-0.6845703125,
-0.2834472656,
-0.4418945312,
0.2126464844,
-0.78515625,
0.0325927734,
1.1640625,
0.2746582031,
-1.458984375,
0.6259765625,
-0.5502929688,
0.1739501953,
-0.0692749023,
0.1717529297,
0.8979492188,
-0.0069084167,
0.6284179688,
1.0810546875,
0.4611816406,
1.21875,
1.28125,
-0.5737304688,
1.2109375,
0.2783203125,
0.59765625,
-0.7890625,
0.478515625,
0.4296875,
0.0617980957,
-0.59375,
-1.2548828125,
-0.2849121094,
0.2956542969,
-0.41796875,
1.033203125,
-0.9907226562,
-0.4594726562,
-0.3168945312,
0.1091918945,
-0.6157226562,
-0.3251953125,
-0.1998291016,
-0.6640625,
-0.2026367188,
0.5249023438,
0.5639648438,
-0.6245117188,
0.97265625,
-0.3393554688,
-0.1420898438,
0.7431640625,
-0.5590820312,
0.6967773438,
0.4653320312,
1.16796875,
-0.2119140625,
0.3044433594,
-0.7119140625,
-0.298828125,
0.7280273438,
0.892578125,
0.83984375,
0.6557617188,
-0.3315429688,
1.623046875,
0.1668701172,
0.5922851562,
0.1094360352,
0.2690429688,
0.6157226562,
-0.6557617188,
-0.6166992188,
0.1667480469,
-0.1428222656,
0.6489257812,
-0.4248046875,
-0.0938110352,
0.4345703125,
0.3947753906,
-0.5703125,
-0.7055664062,
-1.7626953125,
0.4829101562,
0.4340820312,
-0.0429077148,
-0.1001586914,
-0.5986328125,
0.3598632812,
0.3862304688,
0.90234375,
-0.6362304688,
-1.15625,
-0.6586914062,
0.5395507812,
-0.3041992188,
-1.080078125,
0.6357421875,
-0.52734375,
-0.6557617188,
0.185546875,
0.505859375,
-0.8510742188,
-0.2902832031,
0.7744140625,
-0.4189453125,
0.0053138733,
0.6186523438,
-0.4404296875,
0.5043945312,
-0.0458374023,
0.6489257812,
0.5629882812,
-0.6127929688,
0.1964111328,
-1.0927734375,
0.7231445312,
-1.2216796875,
0.3229980469,
0.2358398438,
0.69921875,
0.0223999023,
-0.1674804688,
0.2497558594,
-0.2098388672,
-0.8940429688,
1.5185546875,
-0.7685546875,
0.4443359375,
0.1199951172,
-0.14453125,
0.0877685547,
0.3403320312,
0.0911865234,
-0.677734375,
-0.4499511719,
-0.80078125,
0.4096679688,
0.6279296875,
0.0409851074,
0.4250488281,
0.0323181152,
0.3342285156,
-0.1566162109,
0.744140625,
0.4052734375,
0.6025390625,
0.0618286133,
-0.5639648438,
-0.8256835938,
0.0276794434,
-0.6650390625,
-0.3557128906,
-0.4172363281,
-0.1860351562,
0.2022705078,
0.2788085938,
-0.2355957031,
0.8198242188,
-0.4243164062,
0.1098632812,
0.2648925781,
-0.0315856934,
1.208984375,
1.83203125,
0.5087890625,
0.4367675781,
-0.5366210938,
0.1473388672,
-0.7197265625,
-1.3427734375,
-0.8715820312,
1.0810546875,
-0.010055542,
0.5209960938,
-0.5009765625,
0.3322753906,
0.2956542969,
0.1593017578,
1.3193359375,
0.9916992188,
-0.1468505859,
-0.4848632812,
0.0259552002,
-0.6079101562,
-1.4609375,
-0.6884765625,
0.5102539062,
-0.0707397461,
0.0869750977,
-0.7158203125,
-0.388671875,
-1.099609375,
-0.4663085938,
-0.4741210938,
0.3029785156,
0.5947265625,
0.8178710938,
0.0535583496,
0.7065429688,
0.7172851562,
-0.1483154297,
1.4873046875,
0.0175323486,
0.2253417969,
-0.1490478516,
0.0659790039,
-0.9467773438,
1.3857421875,
-1.6826171875,
-0.3947753906,
0.72265625,
-0.7875976562,
-0.0334777832,
0.2000732422,
0.0246582031,
-0.0413208008,
-0.5825195312,
-0.6186523438,
0.1121826172,
-1.2265625,
-0.5854492188,
-0.3068847656,
0.0336303711,
-0.265625,
0.4787597656,
-0.1380615234,
-0.4455566406,
0.0846557617,
0.0031681061,
-0.3549804688,
0.0206298828,
1.80078125,
-0.5859375,
0.0411071777,
-0.8198242188,
-0.7241210938,
0.1551513672,
0.1429443359,
0.2719726562,
-0.2687988281,
0.1865234375,
-0.8315429688,
-0.5854492188,
-0.1735839844,
-0.0914306641,
0.5708007812,
-1.0380859375,
0.1302490234,
-0.5786132812,
-0.1630859375,
0.2196044922,
0.0856323242,
-0.6997070312,
-1.267578125,
-0.7504882812,
-0.3100585938,
1.0048828125,
0.1695556641,
0.9741210938,
0.0769042969,
-0.802734375,
0.2442626953,
-0.122253418,
1.798828125,
-0.3288574219,
1.109375,
1.53515625,
0.4445800781,
-0.0978393555,
0.6162109375,
0.0123291016,
-0.4931640625,
0.4543457031,
0.2517089844,
-0.0872802734,
-0.9125976562,
-1.029296875,
-0.0037612915,
0.2003173828,
-0.8569335938,
-1.220703125,
0.0501708984,
0.1068725586,
0.3916015625,
1.05078125,
0.4819335938,
-1.0859375,
-0.8784179688,
-0.8466796875,
0.1706542969,
0.0777587891,
0.1712646484,
0.7041015625,
-1.451171875,
-0.6240234375,
-1.125,
-0.8510742188,
0.8745117188,
-0.0679321289,
-0.8110351562,
1.0859375,
-0.3305664062,
-1.1796875,
0.1060180664,
0.9575195312,
0.5776367188,
-0.8852539062,
0.0246734619,
-0.1340332031,
-0.7607421875,
0.2971191406,
0.7036132812,
0.2218017578,
0.1591796875,
0.6411132812,
-2.228515625,
-0.509765625,
-0.71875,
0.4370117188,
-0.1207275391,
-0.6103515625,
1.1708984375,
1.1220703125,
0.0753173828,
-0.2668457031,
0.267578125,
2.095703125,
-0.2413330078,
0.4052734375,
-0.0666503906,
-0.2318115234,
0.8227539062,
0.3549804688,
0.6596679688,
1.080078125,
-0.302734375,
-0.5751953125,
-0.1896972656,
-1.609375,
0.626953125,
-0.1007080078,
0.0346069336,
0.3598632812,
-0.5678710938,
-0.6665039062,
-0.4479980469,
0.112487793,
0.3603515625,
-0.2399902344,
-0.3566894531,
-0.4455566406,
0.0322570801,
0.1817626953,
0.671875,
0.5375976562,
-0.5400390625,
0.8569335938,
-0.108581543,
0.7353515625,
0.2778320312,
-0.3422851562,
-0.3713378906,
-0.3234863281,
0.2071533203,
-0.1624755859,
-0.7075195312,
-0.0148086548,
-1.080078125,
0.0368041992,
-0.4453125,
0.6547851562,
0.7231445312,
0.5581054688,
-0.6860351562,
-1.0771484375,
-0.2282714844,
-0.6870117188,
1.794921875,
0.1356201172,
0.8095703125,
0.3850097656,
-0.8178710938,
-0.7001953125,
-0.3039550781,
-0.6357421875,
0.0463562012,
0.302734375,
-0.8559570312,
-0.2917480469,
0.1351318359,
-0.732421875,
0.3757324219,
1.1640625,
0.1623535156,
0.525390625,
0.3444824219,
0.30078125,
0.2570800781,
1.611328125,
0.5971679688,
0.734375,
-0.0792236328,
0.6313476562,
-0.5048828125,
0.3081054688,
0.104309082,
-0.5239257812,
0.9677734375,
-0.5708007812,
-0.2165527344,
-0.8432617188,
-0.2087402344,
-0.2529296875,
0.1723632812,
-1.0107421875,
-0.2287597656,
0.2253417969,
0.4011230469,
-0.0266265869,
0.2961425781,
-0.02003479,
-1.474609375,
-0.466796875,
-0.4645996094,
0.361328125,
-0.5952148438,
-0.5942382812,
-0.0210723877,
0.3557128906,
-0.4709472656,
0.576171875,
0.094543457,
-1.0048828125,
0.5888671875,
0.7001953125,
-1.3447265625,
-1.0439453125,
-0.4833984375,
-0.4780273438,
0.1063842773,
0.8793945312,
0.3708496094,
-0.0371398926,
-0.6005859375,
-0.3195800781,
-0.3005371094,
-0.5825195312,
0.4538574219,
0.1658935547,
0.5166015625,
-0.0638427734,
-0.2734375,
0.4440917969,
0.1405029297,
0.82421875,
-0.4555664062,
0.3415527344,
0.1194458008,
0.3203125,
0.4992675781,
-0.1994628906,
0.806640625,
0.5415039062,
-0.7416992188,
-0.6206054688,
1.197265625,
0.0672607422,
-0.0767822266,
-1.8447265625,
-0.1326904297,
0.162109375,
-0.0328369141,
0.712890625,
-0.0152053833,
-0.2390136719,
-0.1228027344,
-0.9638671875,
-0.6528320312,
0.9868164062,
-0.1455078125,
0.1242675781,
0.3127441406,
-0.1762695312,
0.1231079102,
-0.9755859375,
0.5546875,
0.2374267578,
-0.5166015625,
0.7436523438,
-0.2254638672,
0.5346679688,
0.1325683594,
-0.6787109375,
-0.0614013672,
0.6889648438,
0.0721435547,
-0.9853515625,
0.8017578125,
0.0502929688,
-0.1906738281,
-0.1818847656,
-0.3254394531,
-0.1359863281,
-0.8715820312,
0.5385742188,
0.9877929688,
-0.089050293,
-1.79296875,
0.2763671875,
0.5932617188,
0.2604980469,
0.5151367188,
0.8896484375,
0.4172363281,
0.5678710938,
-0.0883178711,
-0.2839355469,
-0.283203125,
-0.0070571899,
0.1665039062,
0.4665527344,
-0.2570800781,
-0.2210693359,
-1.2470703125,
0.43359375,
0.6020507812,
-0.3835449219,
0.0336303711,
0.458984375,
-0.3823242188,
0.517578125,
-0.0896606445,
0.8422851562,
0.1884765625,
-0.6967773438,
-0.2646484375,
0.119140625,
-0.568359375,
0.3857421875,
0.4860839844,
0.5249023438,
-0.3676757812,
0.4211425781,
0.8032226562,
-0.1251220703,
0.9165039062,
-0.8076171875,
-0.60546875,
-0.3093261719,
-0.0637817383,
0.6630859375,
-0.4438476562,
0.330078125,
0.0261688232,
0.6782226562,
-0.3273925781,
0.7421875,
-0.298828125,
-0.435546875,
0.2385253906,
-0.4226074219,
-0.3532714844,
0.748046875,
0.7158203125,
-0.3127441406,
0.9829101562,
-0.52734375,
0.615234375,
-0.0470275879,
0.4162597656,
-0.6826171875,
-0.2012939453,
-0.5302734375,
0.1484375,
-0.8115234375,
-0.2985839844,
-1.9423828125,
0.2299804688,
0.4655761719,
-0.6767578125,
-0.0488891602,
-1.9697265625,
-0.1034545898,
-0.0195922852,
-0.1350097656,
-0.0413208008,
-0.7407226562,
0.5424804688,
-0.8623046875,
0.5766601562,
-0.2174072266,
0.1375732422,
-0.1678466797,
-1.228515625,
-0.2144775391,
-1.2431640625,
-0.3303222656,
-0.1802978516,
0.720703125,
-0.2724609375,
0.3840332031,
0.451171875,
-0.6572265625,
0.8671875,
0.3347167969,
0.544921875,
-0.3571777344,
0.716796875,
0.2369384766,
-0.140625,
-0.8408203125,
1.65234375,
0.3435058594,
0.1668701172,
-0.4677734375,
-0.5766601562,
-0.5375976562,
0.1899414062,
-0.2712402344,
-1.443359375,
-0.4130859375,
-0.736328125,
-0.0614318848,
0.20703125,
0.2482910156,
0.3383789062,
0.8002929688,
0.4677734375,
0.3188476562,
-1.1376953125,
-1.0107421875,
0.3015136719,
0.7573242188,
-0.3383789062,
0.0913085938,
0.0235137939,
-0.2253417969,
-0.0823974609,
-0.2353515625,
0.34375,
-0.6411132812,
-0.3447265625,
-0.93359375,
-0.8872070312,
-0.1412353516,
0.49609375,
0.1573486328,
-1.013671875,
0.0797119141,
0.845703125,
0.4938964844,
1.359375,
0.1879882812,
-0.4362792969,
0.3571777344,
-0.1684570312,
-0.6811523438,
0.4694824219,
1.037109375,
-0.8173828125,
0.1528320312,
-12.671875,
-0.6508789062,
0.1229858398,
-0.5205078125,
-0.87890625,
0.5571289062,
0.8759765625,
0.6176757812,
-0.3933105469,
-0.421875,
0.4487304688,
0.5078125,
-0.783203125,
-0.0497436523,
-0.2663574219,
-0.5522460938,
-1.2978515625,
-1.1201171875,
-0.0666503906,
1.2197265625,
0.3269042969,
1.1611328125,
-0.0700683594,
-0.1383056641,
0.740234375,
0.3154296875,
0.3723144531,
-0.1093139648,
-0.1083374023,
0.1569824219,
0.032409668,
0.2142333984,
-0.8520507812,
0.7490234375,
0.3125,
0.8588867188,
-1.123046875,
0.2427978516,
-0.1676025391,
-0.0437927246,
0.4572753906,
0.8779296875,
-1.0537109375,
0.4951171875,
-0.5717773438,
-0.1650390625,
-0.0971069336,
-0.1877441406,
0.2849121094,
-0.6030273438,
-0.5263671875,
1.3994140625,
0.2768554688,
0.0408325195,
-0.521484375,
-0.5063476562,
-1.7080078125,
0.2083740234,
-0.6396484375,
-0.7055664062,
-1.169921875,
-0.2492675781,
-0.3208007812,
0.1507568359,
-0.5424804688,
-0.3342285156,
-0.1834716797,
-0.9418945312,
0.8012695312,
0.0203094482,
0.2330322266,
-0.6811523438,
0.7133789062,
-0.380859375,
1.005859375,
0.6606445312,
-0.6318359375,
-0.701171875,
-0.3850097656,
-0.2448730469,
-0.7495117188,
-0.2956542969
] |
Some of his shorter essays on medicine, logic, etc., take a poetical form (the poem on logic was published by Schmoelders in 1836). Two encyclopedic treatises, dealing with philosophy, are often mentioned. The larger, Al-Shifa' (Sanatio), exists nearly complete in manuscript in the Bodleian Library and elsewhere; part of it on the De Anima appeared at Pavia (1490) as the Liber Sextus Naturalium, and the long account of Avicenna's philosophy given by Muhammad al-Shahrastani seems to be mainly an analysis, and in many places a reproduction, of the Al-Shifa'. A shorter form of the work is known as the An-najat (Liberatio). The Latin editions of part of these works have been modified by the corrections which the monastic editors confess that they applied. There is also a (hikmat-al-mashriqqiyya, in Latin Philosophia Orientalis), mentioned by Roger Bacon, the majority of which is lost in antiquity, which according to Averroes was pantheistic in tone. Avicenna's works further include:
Sirat al-shaykh al-ra'is (The Life of Avicenna), ed. and trans. WE. Gohlman, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1974. (The only critical edition of Avicenna's autobiography, supplemented with material from a biography by his student Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani. A more recent translation of the Autobiography appears in D. Gutas, Avicenna and the Aristotelian Tradition: Introduction to Reading Avicenna's Philosophical Works, Leiden: Brill, 1988; second edition 2014.) Al-isharat wa al-tanbihat (Remarks and Admonitions), ed. | [
0.5942382812,
0.0097885132,
1.1748046875,
-0.2446289062,
-0.0873413086,
0.2580566406,
-0.3500976562,
0.0779418945,
-1.1123046875,
0.0900268555,
-0.0204620361,
0.4450683594,
-0.2191162109,
-0.2329101562,
0.208984375,
-0.0323181152,
-0.6977539062,
-0.0068893433,
-0.2556152344,
-0.0689697266,
-0.5922851562,
-0.1829833984,
0.4326171875,
-0.78515625,
-0.48828125,
-0.0032958984,
-0.1192626953,
0.3930664062,
-0.0735473633,
0.1668701172,
1.1865234375,
0.4545898438,
0.3259277344,
-0.5903320312,
-0.6625976562,
0.2189941406,
0.626953125,
-0.3803710938,
-0.7836914062,
0.4204101562,
-1.494140625,
-0.5478515625,
-0.75390625,
0.1262207031,
1.0849609375,
0.3310546875,
0.0140075684,
-0.0894775391,
-0.1961669922,
-0.9204101562,
-1.0224609375,
0.486328125,
-0.2066650391,
-0.1529541016,
-0.2722167969,
-0.4162597656,
0.2116699219,
-1.25,
-0.3256835938,
-0.8764648438,
-0.119934082,
-0.5864257812,
0.7333984375,
-0.3940429688,
0.4375,
-0.061340332,
-0.4448242188,
-0.7319335938,
0.067199707,
0.3657226562,
-1.1962890625,
-0.0651245117,
-0.4155273438,
-0.0939331055,
-1.22265625,
-0.1151733398,
-0.1611328125,
0.4287109375,
0.1693115234,
-0.6162109375,
0.2462158203,
-0.9858398438,
-0.3591308594,
-1.18359375,
0.4108886719,
0.6049804688,
1.3046875,
0.2432861328,
-0.2408447266,
0.384765625,
0.6020507812,
-0.2609863281,
-0.2277832031,
-0.314453125,
0.8520507812,
0.4787597656,
-0.5131835938,
-1.1513671875,
-0.5258789062,
-1.314453125,
-0.3662109375,
-0.8891601562,
0.568359375,
-0.2012939453,
0.2546386719,
0.87890625,
-0.521484375,
0.0746459961,
-0.0769042969,
0.5634765625,
-0.1712646484,
-0.4750976562,
0.0866699219,
-0.1873779297,
0.5390625,
-0.1752929688,
0.3754882812,
0.3439941406,
-0.3173828125,
-0.4794921875,
-0.4929199219,
-0.0641479492,
-0.7670898438,
0.9907226562,
0.8354492188,
0.0944824219,
-0.349609375,
0.3039550781,
-0.0811767578,
0.3371582031,
-0.1130981445,
-0.0606994629,
-0.1271972656,
-0.2836914062,
0.7470703125,
-0.28125,
0.0443725586,
0.0281219482,
-0.3840332031,
0.3532714844,
-0.8134765625,
-0.3217773438,
-0.4233398438,
0.0320129395,
-0.1290283203,
-0.3332519531,
0.2907714844,
0.7084960938,
-0.4033203125,
-1.052734375,
0.7026367188,
-0.0278167725,
0.8740234375,
0.416015625,
-0.1370849609,
-0.2463378906,
0.1595458984,
-0.2944335938,
-0.4521484375,
-0.1982421875,
-0.0753173828,
0.1096801758,
-0.4758300781,
0.2341308594,
0.2702636719,
0.7373046875,
-0.6596679688,
0.7705078125,
0.6640625,
0.7260742188,
-1.2548828125,
0.4501953125,
-0.1606445312,
-0.5419921875,
0.6674804688,
-0.5161132812,
0.4270019531,
0.8813476562,
-0.1411132812,
-0.9990234375,
0.5229492188,
-1.3837890625,
0.4313964844,
-0.6762695312,
0.2048339844,
0.30859375,
-0.1024780273,
-0.3229980469,
-0.2230224609,
-0.0618591309,
0.2283935547,
0.3330078125,
-0.4770507812,
-0.3728027344,
-1.927734375,
-1.2080078125,
0.2205810547,
1.09375,
-0.7124023438,
-0.3752441406,
-0.0016841888,
0.6484375,
-0.0670166016,
-0.0067138672,
-0.1437988281,
0.4770507812,
0.1872558594,
0.1547851562,
0.0870361328,
-0.4665527344,
-0.2697753906,
0.5083007812,
0.1734619141,
-0.2697753906,
0.1697998047,
0.3830566406,
0.3193359375,
-0.0736694336,
0.3725585938,
-0.6108398438,
-0.4133300781,
-0.7036132812,
-1.212890625,
-0.1701660156,
-1.634765625,
0.3493652344,
-1.310546875,
0.9458007812,
1.083984375,
1.689453125,
-0.2160644531,
0.4035644531,
-1.45703125,
-0.0494384766,
-0.4916992188,
-0.8950195312,
0.1017456055,
-0.2668457031,
-0.037109375,
-0.6958007812,
0.75,
-0.0223083496,
0.6875,
-0.3676757812,
0.5356445312,
1.771484375,
0.5341796875,
1.0107421875,
0.6098632812,
-0.03515625,
0.6669921875,
1.1259765625,
-0.4526367188,
-0.1556396484,
-0.2067871094,
-0.3942871094,
-0.073059082,
1.1494140625,
0.0147857666,
0.4362792969,
-0.4567871094,
-0.1802978516,
0.98828125,
-0.1810302734,
-0.0604858398,
-0.0187835693,
-0.1710205078,
0.0729370117,
0.6860351562,
0.1860351562,
0.69140625,
0.2286376953,
-0.7265625,
-0.484375,
0.9536132812,
-0.3654785156,
0.8583984375,
-0.9135742188,
-0.8408203125,
-0.1110839844,
0.2325439453,
-0.7338867188,
0.4455566406,
-0.5590820312,
0.2377929688,
-0.8823242188,
0.6513671875,
0.8500976562,
0.6567382812,
-1.1875,
-0.7885742188,
-0.5844726562,
-0.3771972656,
0.2286376953,
0.4287109375,
0.2287597656,
0.1290283203,
0.9208984375,
0.2335205078,
0.0427246094,
0.0504150391,
1.275390625,
0.1012573242,
0.5717773438,
0.6259765625,
0.3256835938,
-0.3142089844,
0.2971191406,
0.3854980469,
0.4426269531,
-0.0420227051,
-0.6206054688,
-0.4594726562,
-0.0312042236,
-0.8095703125,
0.6376953125,
-0.7045898438,
0.6264648438,
0.1364746094,
-0.0827636719,
-0.0062408447,
-0.6362304688,
0.1442871094,
0.0411987305,
-0.7573242188,
0.3588867188,
0.0166778564,
-0.2081298828,
1.2294921875,
-0.6264648438,
0.1334228516,
0.020980835,
-0.763671875,
0.5307617188,
1.083984375,
0.4345703125,
0.2846679688,
0.4357910156,
-0.6752929688,
0.1641845703,
0.841796875,
0.560546875,
0.2252197266,
0.2863769531,
-0.050567627,
0.7729492188,
-0.5654296875,
0.7651367188,
-0.2980957031,
0.1865234375,
0.77734375,
-0.3110351562,
-0.716796875,
-0.28515625,
0.2736816406,
0.7534179688,
0.0408630371,
0.4196777344,
0.1741943359,
0.6176757812,
-0.6811523438,
-0.0310974121,
-1.08984375,
0.453125,
-0.3093261719,
-0.6743164062,
0.0731201172,
-0.4787597656,
-0.0013332367,
0.0994262695,
0.63671875,
-0.3803710938,
-1.3251953125,
0.2103271484,
0.517578125,
-0.279296875,
0.1430664062,
1.52734375,
-0.2171630859,
-0.3171386719,
0.580078125,
-0.5913085938,
-1.0595703125,
0.19921875,
0.546875,
-0.0077362061,
0.1135864258,
0.0914306641,
-0.8383789062,
0.1909179688,
0.2788085938,
0.6318359375,
-0.1383056641,
-0.3381347656,
-0.0350341797,
-0.3283691406,
0.6469726562,
-0.990234375,
0.2785644531,
0.2905273438,
0.4184570312,
-0.54296875,
-0.5473632812,
0.0924072266,
-0.0216217041,
-0.1665039062,
1.98046875,
-0.611328125,
0.2805175781,
-0.0212860107,
0.1474609375,
-0.6865234375,
0.2368164062,
0.291015625,
-0.677734375,
0.0280609131,
-0.90625,
0.4462890625,
0.2258300781,
0.1719970703,
0.1126708984,
-0.0420227051,
0.4514160156,
-0.4992675781,
0.3596191406,
1.24609375,
0.49609375,
0.3464355469,
0.2668457031,
-0.7358398438,
-0.2492675781,
-0.3466796875,
-0.0084381104,
-0.4704589844,
-0.0923461914,
0.3430175781,
0.3215332031,
-0.2924804688,
0.9028320312,
-0.7255859375,
-0.1517333984,
0.3447265625,
-0.4184570312,
1.5087890625,
0.9516601562,
0.0997314453,
-0.0020103455,
-1.1181640625,
-0.1940917969,
-0.1000366211,
-0.4895019531,
-0.50390625,
1.123046875,
-0.4309082031,
0.7016601562,
-0.4792480469,
0.3542480469,
-0.3547363281,
-0.5849609375,
0.9838867188,
1.47265625,
-0.3823242188,
-1.0390625,
0.2196044922,
-0.4086914062,
-1.51953125,
-1.0703125,
0.849609375,
0.5185546875,
0.5053710938,
-0.5341796875,
-0.4270019531,
-0.3605957031,
-0.6645507812,
-0.0042953491,
0.4125976562,
0.6459960938,
1.158203125,
0.2897949219,
0.1658935547,
0.8979492188,
-0.3312988281,
-0.6967773438,
0.0177307129,
0.419921875,
0.1280517578,
0.3405761719,
-0.7524414062,
1.0458984375,
-1.623046875,
-0.0506591797,
0.3872070312,
-0.5385742188,
0.1290283203,
-0.0118637085,
-0.2697753906,
0.0096435547,
-1.017578125,
-0.4584960938,
-0.1257324219,
-0.529296875,
-0.751953125,
0.0487060547,
-0.6118164062,
-1.3984375,
0.8188476562,
-0.62890625,
-0.4938964844,
0.072265625,
0.3068847656,
-0.2141113281,
-0.638671875,
1.6513671875,
-0.5522460938,
0.294921875,
-0.079284668,
-1.1181640625,
-0.4533691406,
-0.0563049316,
0.2335205078,
0.1340332031,
-0.2543945312,
-0.1304931641,
-0.6762695312,
-0.7265625,
-0.81640625,
-0.2485351562,
-0.9028320312,
0.2729492188,
-0.0000407696,
0.4118652344,
0.3671875,
-0.4831542969,
-0.5166015625,
-0.9106445312,
-0.5927734375,
-0.71875,
1.296875,
0.0635375977,
0.9145507812,
-0.0055351257,
-1.0400390625,
0.3100585938,
-0.7016601562,
1.0595703125,
0.6064453125,
0.8642578125,
0.4528808594,
0.4289550781,
-0.3764648438,
0.453125,
-0.419921875,
-0.705078125,
0.9326171875,
0.2353515625,
0.4770507812,
-0.8134765625,
-0.4106445312,
0.3762207031,
0.1514892578,
-0.069519043,
0.0570068359,
-0.2224121094,
0.2644042969,
0.3996582031,
1.2822265625,
0.2127685547,
-1.013671875,
-1.2060546875,
-1.037109375,
-0.2856445312,
-0.4350585938,
1.1181640625,
0.1838378906,
-1.00390625,
-0.4584960938,
-0.3020019531,
-0.6362304688,
0.4538574219,
0.5004882812,
-0.1257324219,
0.1478271484,
-0.3310546875,
-1.1630859375,
0.5341796875,
0.5102539062,
0.9809570312,
-0.181640625,
-0.8017578125,
-0.1634521484,
-0.548828125,
-0.1840820312,
0.0380249023,
0.2161865234,
0.9624023438,
0.4716796875,
-1.857421875,
-0.6674804688,
-0.3930664062,
-0.0715332031,
0.2279052734,
-0.0559082031,
1.314453125,
0.4841308594,
1.1962890625,
0.0422668457,
0.3156738281,
1.287109375,
-0.1485595703,
0.6225585938,
0.578125,
0.3972167969,
0.4963378906,
0.0668945312,
1.0859375,
1.046875,
-0.2912597656,
-0.2692871094,
0.0290222168,
-1.80859375,
0.2790527344,
-0.4245605469,
0.1458740234,
0.279296875,
0.443359375,
-0.6713867188,
0.0626831055,
0.615234375,
0.1398925781,
-0.6865234375,
-0.3125,
-0.5380859375,
0.092956543,
0.609375,
0.2064208984,
0.2265625,
-0.7353515625,
1.8603515625,
0.0587768555,
1.6171875,
0.822265625,
-0.4821777344,
0.2133789062,
-0.5688476562,
-0.63671875,
-0.6103515625,
-0.1499023438,
0.1848144531,
-1.73046875,
0.1768798828,
-0.2447509766,
0.4079589844,
0.708984375,
0.1060180664,
-0.1534423828,
-0.8994140625,
0.1870117188,
-1.4873046875,
1.1396484375,
-0.1309814453,
0.2049560547,
0.5102539062,
-0.0218048096,
-0.7255859375,
-0.0739746094,
-0.6567382812,
-0.2163085938,
0.24609375,
-0.681640625,
-0.0146408081,
0.4990234375,
-1.3974609375,
-0.1436767578,
1.099609375,
0.609375,
0.7841796875,
0.2344970703,
0.3361816406,
0.5166015625,
0.4729003906,
0.2087402344,
0.515625,
0.1192626953,
0.1549072266,
-0.1483154297,
-0.0635986328,
-0.0938720703,
0.3234863281,
0.5791015625,
-0.3391113281,
0.3940429688,
-0.65234375,
0.0024738312,
-0.6274414062,
-0.1342773438,
-1.1474609375,
-0.2238769531,
0.1351318359,
0.5356445312,
-0.2644042969,
0.1075439453,
-0.34375,
-1.2392578125,
-1.1376953125,
0.0166778564,
0.4001464844,
-0.3024902344,
-1.0107421875,
0.1050415039,
-0.2729492188,
-0.4165039062,
0.271484375,
0.6967773438,
-0.4133300781,
-0.43359375,
0.3132324219,
-1.3076171875,
-0.2917480469,
0.45703125,
-0.2347412109,
0.4353027344,
0.9389648438,
0.3400878906,
-0.1317138672,
0.1412353516,
-0.3723144531,
-0.3654785156,
-0.3728027344,
0.0061531067,
0.3400878906,
0.1190185547,
-0.19921875,
-0.3937988281,
-0.1291503906,
0.0437011719,
0.5146484375,
-0.0754394531,
0.73828125,
0.3149414062,
0.4174804688,
0.2126464844,
-0.3620605469,
0.5546875,
0.0606994629,
-0.4348144531,
-0.4450683594,
1.4169921875,
1.4658203125,
-0.5190429688,
-1.5634765625,
-0.3681640625,
0.3366699219,
0.2685546875,
-0.4372558594,
-0.3684082031,
-0.9975585938,
0.1773681641,
-0.6674804688,
-0.1975097656,
0.8237304688,
-0.060546875,
0.4365234375,
0.1627197266,
-0.0008358955,
0.1937255859,
-0.2453613281,
0.3757324219,
1.048828125,
0.5224609375,
0.8227539062,
-0.2980957031,
0.5766601562,
0.0012903214,
-0.55859375,
0.1492919922,
0.0731811523,
0.8452148438,
-0.654296875,
-0.117980957,
0.3356933594,
-0.3269042969,
-0.1729736328,
-0.541015625,
0.5517578125,
-0.73828125,
0.0454711914,
0.0469055176,
-0.77734375,
-2.337890625,
0.1201782227,
-0.2958984375,
0.2298583984,
0.740234375,
0.6865234375,
-0.3178710938,
0.1744384766,
0.1999511719,
-0.4331054688,
0.8374023438,
-0.2054443359,
0.5786132812,
0.2905273438,
0.0367431641,
-0.4875488281,
-0.7416992188,
0.80078125,
0.4855957031,
-0.6079101562,
-0.1184082031,
0.515625,
-0.0579223633,
0.625,
0.1806640625,
-0.42578125,
0.685546875,
-0.8623046875,
-0.1805419922,
0.2084960938,
-0.1544189453,
0.0849609375,
0.80078125,
-0.2244873047,
0.5947265625,
0.3291015625,
-0.0772705078,
-0.2093505859,
0.2883300781,
-0.4506835938,
-0.2834472656,
-0.2381591797,
-0.4301757812,
1.0771484375,
-0.244140625,
0.556640625,
0.1045532227,
0.5053710938,
0.1357421875,
0.841796875,
-0.439453125,
-0.4543457031,
0.1292724609,
0.2602539062,
-0.2418212891,
0.4736328125,
0.2944335938,
-0.5004882812,
0.5747070312,
-0.5541992188,
0.3444824219,
-0.3547363281,
0.7124023438,
-0.5600585938,
-0.6020507812,
-0.0745239258,
-0.2990722656,
-0.6909179688,
0.4245605469,
-1.8662109375,
-0.2707519531,
-0.4611816406,
-0.021270752,
0.1884765625,
-1.79296875,
-0.7041015625,
0.6015625,
-0.1779785156,
0.4670410156,
-0.3334960938,
0.2080078125,
0.0986938477,
0.1369628906,
-0.7446289062,
0.5556640625,
-0.3168945312,
-0.6938476562,
0.4846191406,
-0.5971679688,
-0.6079101562,
-0.2489013672,
-0.1666259766,
-0.0682983398,
-0.0505371094,
0.0895996094,
-0.703125,
0.1884765625,
0.1641845703,
0.2612304688,
-0.6049804688,
-0.3703613281,
-0.2529296875,
-0.5786132812,
-0.1781005859,
1.4404296875,
0.4916992188,
-0.1605224609,
-0.4462890625,
-0.106262207,
-0.8076171875,
0.1151123047,
0.0454711914,
-1.1396484375,
-0.2257080078,
-0.3229980469,
0.1176757812,
0.267578125,
0.1096191406,
0.88671875,
-0.0193939209,
0.7119140625,
0.2578125,
-1.248046875,
0.2744140625,
-0.2939453125,
-0.5009765625,
0.4040527344,
0.0563049316,
0.0943603516,
-0.0053939819,
-0.1844482422,
0.4868164062,
-0.5805664062,
-0.439453125,
-0.4838867188,
-0.890625,
-0.7529296875,
0.0237426758,
0.765625,
0.1907958984,
-0.1842041016,
0.7275390625,
1.2685546875,
0.3269042969,
0.3500976562,
0.3879394531,
0.51953125,
0.1150512695,
-0.3244628906,
-0.5131835938,
0.3566894531,
0.5654296875,
0.2244873047,
-0.5405273438,
-13.9296875,
-0.8666992188,
0.5009765625,
-0.1988525391,
-1.0400390625,
0.0081481934,
1.267578125,
-0.8935546875,
-0.0936279297,
-0.2934570312,
-0.0874633789,
1.1416015625,
-1.22265625,
-0.4401855469,
0.26171875,
-0.5258789062,
-0.4724121094,
-1.2626953125,
0.2156982422,
0.6904296875,
-0.0422973633,
0.5200195312,
-0.071472168,
-0.1824951172,
0.3813476562,
-0.2457275391,
0.087097168,
-0.3527832031,
-0.533203125,
0.4555664062,
0.408203125,
0.1943359375,
-0.0447387695,
1.0361328125,
-0.058380127,
0.9506835938,
0.2592773438,
0.8427734375,
0.7075195312,
0.3137207031,
-0.3039550781,
0.6484375,
-0.513671875,
0.9145507812,
-0.2951660156,
0.1368408203,
0.4860839844,
-0.4526367188,
0.4907226562,
-0.6127929688,
-0.9360351562,
1.2021484375,
0.9252929688,
0.0032730103,
-0.8657226562,
-0.5454101562,
-2.01171875,
0.7397460938,
-0.1292724609,
-0.0001565218,
-0.6044921875,
0.5712890625,
-0.162109375,
-0.1383056641,
-1.2236328125,
-0.7231445312,
-0.7578125,
-0.8564453125,
-0.314453125,
-0.1094360352,
-0.2052001953,
-0.765625,
0.8354492188,
-1.076171875,
0.5258789062,
0.3500976562,
-0.3979492188,
-1.1669921875,
-0.8916015625,
-0.3955078125,
-0.748046875,
-0.2609863281
] |
S. Dunya, Cairo, 1960; parts translated by S.C. Inati, Remarks and Admonitions, Part One: Logic, Toronto, Ont. : Pontifical Institute for Mediaeval Studies, 1984, and Ibn Sina and Mysticism, Remarks and Admonitions: Part 4, London: Kegan Paul International, 1996. Al-Qanun fi'l-tibb (The Canon of Medicine), ed. I. a-Qashsh, Cairo, 1987. (Encyclopedia of medicine.) manuscript, Latin translation, Flores Avicenne, Michael de Capella, 1508, Modern text. Ahmed Shawkat Al-Shatti, Jibran Jabbur. Risalah fi sirr al-qadar (Essay on the Secret of Destiny), trans. G. Hourani in Reason and Tradition in Islamic Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Danishnama-i 'ala'i (The Book of Scientific Knowledge), ed. and trans. P. Morewedge, The Metaphysics of Avicenna, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973. Kitab al-Shifa''' (The Book of Healing). (Avicenna's major work on philosophy. He probably began to compose al-Shifa' in 1014, and completed it in 1020.) Critical editions of the Arabic text have been published in Cairo, 1952–83, originally under the supervision of I. Madkour. Kitab al-Najat (The Book of Salvation), trans. F. Rahman, Avicenna's Psychology: An English Translation of Kitab al-Najat, Book II, Chapter VI with Historical-philosophical Notes and Textual Improvements on the Cairo Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1952. (The psychology of al-Shifa'.) | [
0.7104492188,
-0.4831542969,
0.9443359375,
-0.0580444336,
-0.1118774414,
0.8012695312,
-0.9399414062,
-0.3642578125,
-1.259765625,
0.4538574219,
0.4609375,
0.4431152344,
-0.2980957031,
-0.4533691406,
0.201171875,
-0.8715820312,
-0.2619628906,
-0.1508789062,
-0.0994873047,
-0.1380615234,
-0.4499511719,
-0.4079589844,
0.4299316406,
-0.2244873047,
-1.0712890625,
-0.57421875,
-0.2073974609,
0.0189208984,
-0.0266113281,
0.1772460938,
1.0107421875,
0.34375,
0.2521972656,
-0.4506835938,
-1.17578125,
-0.2729492188,
0.546875,
-1.0478515625,
-1.154296875,
0.0829467773,
-1.404296875,
-0.2022705078,
-0.9594726562,
0.2490234375,
0.4311523438,
0.3720703125,
0.1783447266,
-0.8173828125,
-0.3781738281,
-0.4572753906,
-0.833984375,
0.3029785156,
0.1882324219,
-0.2517089844,
-0.1630859375,
-0.0467834473,
-0.2163085938,
-1.4306640625,
-0.2276611328,
-0.7412109375,
-0.1068725586,
-0.6538085938,
0.3940429688,
-0.9228515625,
0.5532226562,
-0.2883300781,
-1.130859375,
-0.7060546875,
0.1497802734,
0.7143554688,
-0.8100585938,
0.1782226562,
-0.8525390625,
-0.4780273438,
-0.9916992188,
0.2274169922,
0.5556640625,
0.2294921875,
0.2381591797,
-0.3693847656,
-0.36328125,
-0.4323730469,
-1.1669921875,
-1.1787109375,
0.7202148438,
1.1611328125,
1.349609375,
0.0316162109,
-0.087097168,
0.5478515625,
0.6123046875,
-0.1497802734,
-0.2573242188,
-0.2434082031,
0.5048828125,
0.3596191406,
0.2724609375,
-1.1396484375,
-0.4758300781,
-0.8486328125,
-0.4594726562,
-0.6088867188,
0.6665039062,
-0.2587890625,
0.7626953125,
0.9848632812,
-0.6958007812,
-0.0642700195,
0.1535644531,
0.6489257812,
-0.375,
-0.82421875,
-0.1287841797,
1.0703125,
0.9326171875,
-0.2697753906,
0.2761230469,
-0.0631103516,
-0.3334960938,
-0.3977050781,
-0.6728515625,
-0.7827148438,
-0.0166625977,
0.7734375,
1.3408203125,
0.44140625,
-1.33203125,
0.0220489502,
-0.0364685059,
0.4440917969,
-0.4594726562,
-0.1704101562,
0.1379394531,
-0.73046875,
0.662109375,
-0.4592285156,
-0.5825195312,
0.1737060547,
0.0192260742,
0.0992431641,
-0.83203125,
-0.4018554688,
-0.7700195312,
0.4553222656,
-0.1751708984,
0.455078125,
0.1612548828,
1.1767578125,
-0.7280273438,
-1.1025390625,
0.294921875,
-0.6069335938,
0.5463867188,
0.2592773438,
0.0695800781,
-0.2117919922,
0.0481567383,
-0.1304931641,
-0.0043563843,
0.0088119507,
0.065612793,
0.0752563477,
-0.1478271484,
0.2056884766,
-0.1473388672,
0.9716796875,
-1.2998046875,
0.5610351562,
0.9409179688,
0.0821533203,
-1.75,
0.6625976562,
-0.5161132812,
0.2276611328,
1.1513671875,
-0.392578125,
0.556640625,
0.0356750488,
-0.5830078125,
-0.939453125,
0.0550231934,
-1.2099609375,
0.5610351562,
-0.0805053711,
0.0747680664,
0.724609375,
0.1312255859,
-0.9096679688,
0.1787109375,
-0.0637207031,
0.0157012939,
0.3413085938,
-0.1297607422,
-0.6743164062,
-1.4384765625,
-0.7729492188,
-0.1213378906,
0.8559570312,
-0.2985839844,
-0.0397949219,
-0.2736816406,
0.6098632812,
0.1614990234,
0.0820922852,
-0.0786743164,
-0.5288085938,
0.9780273438,
0.3674316406,
0.2261962891,
-0.4287109375,
-0.0897827148,
1.2158203125,
0.2697753906,
-0.2824707031,
0.0807495117,
0.4855957031,
-0.2858886719,
0.4775390625,
0.0791015625,
0.0191955566,
-0.7729492188,
-0.4985351562,
-0.7475585938,
-0.106262207,
-0.4138183594,
0.1567382812,
-0.412109375,
0.9799804688,
0.5874023438,
1.5439453125,
0.3037109375,
-0.2027587891,
-0.8588867188,
0.1772460938,
-0.203125,
-1.4189453125,
-0.3159179688,
0.2381591797,
-0.3115234375,
0.1682128906,
-0.1756591797,
0.5620117188,
0.6645507812,
-0.6831054688,
0.525390625,
0.716796875,
0.0712890625,
0.7182617188,
0.6137695312,
0.00091362,
1.2197265625,
0.9018554688,
-0.0010356903,
0.0966186523,
-0.4599609375,
0.1593017578,
0.1535644531,
0.8129882812,
-0.333984375,
-0.0689086914,
0.0175476074,
-0.0495300293,
1.3837890625,
-0.703125,
-0.1594238281,
-0.0803222656,
-0.3969726562,
-0.3271484375,
0.8032226562,
0.3420410156,
0.7719726562,
0.2006835938,
-0.6254882812,
-0.6391601562,
0.8642578125,
0.1890869141,
0.3989257812,
-0.6772460938,
-0.3991699219,
0.3269042969,
-0.1783447266,
-0.1459960938,
0.4455566406,
-0.5131835938,
0.978515625,
-0.6376953125,
0.7509765625,
0.3767089844,
0.6186523438,
-1.361328125,
-0.1190185547,
0.1632080078,
0.0186004639,
0.2370605469,
0.2651367188,
0.5131835938,
0.568359375,
1.236328125,
0.9243164062,
0.5830078125,
0.4711914062,
1.1962890625,
-0.0889892578,
1.083984375,
0.6997070312,
0.5502929688,
-1.0048828125,
-0.1882324219,
0.0570373535,
-0.2202148438,
-0.7495117188,
-0.732421875,
-0.0819091797,
0.2164306641,
-0.7250976562,
0.0700683594,
-0.4172363281,
0.30078125,
0.4150390625,
-0.5825195312,
-0.2283935547,
-0.685546875,
0.2634277344,
-0.1724853516,
-0.634765625,
0.8676757812,
-0.5688476562,
-0.5170898438,
0.3200683594,
-0.3955078125,
0.3254394531,
0.1154174805,
-0.9760742188,
0.6313476562,
0.7626953125,
-0.3981933594,
0.6352539062,
0.23828125,
-0.5756835938,
0.0784912109,
0.7822265625,
0.7045898438,
0.1785888672,
0.18359375,
0.3017578125,
1.00390625,
-0.4226074219,
0.4211425781,
-0.5014648438,
0.0692749023,
0.1583251953,
-0.4584960938,
-0.9838867188,
-0.7392578125,
1.0361328125,
0.6474609375,
0.2163085938,
0.484375,
-0.3889160156,
0.7709960938,
-0.6513671875,
0.259765625,
-1.0927734375,
0.0617675781,
-0.026473999,
-0.4453125,
-0.3776855469,
-0.3828125,
0.1510009766,
0.1893310547,
0.073059082,
-0.3947753906,
-1.458984375,
-0.4938964844,
0.1701660156,
-0.4895019531,
-0.8051757812,
1.30078125,
-0.4245605469,
0.2746582031,
0.6704101562,
-1.0556640625,
-0.54296875,
-0.1334228516,
0.8422851562,
-0.6982421875,
-0.060760498,
-0.2125244141,
-0.703125,
0.3869628906,
0.2276611328,
0.7578125,
0.6430664062,
-0.0398254395,
-0.0614013672,
-0.9580078125,
0.7856445312,
-0.6479492188,
0.689453125,
-0.1942138672,
-0.0740356445,
-0.8081054688,
-0.7602539062,
0.5415039062,
-0.2209472656,
-1.0693359375,
1.998046875,
-0.6362304688,
0.3547363281,
-0.0021781921,
0.3605957031,
-0.6083984375,
0.0308532715,
0.6069335938,
-0.9838867188,
-0.2298583984,
-0.8979492188,
0.0751953125,
1.1435546875,
0.1729736328,
-0.2590332031,
0.1033325195,
0.7778320312,
0.2990722656,
0.3698730469,
0.7973632812,
0.6762695312,
0.8359375,
0.486328125,
-0.6743164062,
-0.80859375,
-0.9677734375,
-0.4689941406,
-1,
-1.0224609375,
0.1668701172,
0.2271728516,
-0.1370849609,
0.8369140625,
-0.4348144531,
0.0888061523,
0.3024902344,
-0.6357421875,
1.5751953125,
1.060546875,
-0.1685791016,
-0.0512084961,
-0.3793945312,
-0.3054199219,
-0.2479248047,
0.0678100586,
-0.8256835938,
0.3950195312,
-0.2883300781,
0.0531005859,
-0.2590332031,
0.2333984375,
0.0220336914,
-0.7661132812,
0.8071289062,
1.0263671875,
-0.1451416016,
-0.0588378906,
0.4296875,
-0.0384521484,
-1.5029296875,
-1.033203125,
-0.1866455078,
0.5268554688,
-0.2318115234,
-0.2161865234,
-0.2993164062,
-0.3212890625,
-0.0422668457,
0.3139648438,
0.8359375,
0.8129882812,
0.5356445312,
-0.4567871094,
-0.1295166016,
0.4262695312,
-0.2570800781,
-0.6684570312,
0.1456298828,
-0.3764648438,
-0.2093505859,
-0.62109375,
-0.7807617188,
-0.1854248047,
-1.3662109375,
-0.3610839844,
1.3046875,
0.2384033203,
0.6186523438,
-0.1372070312,
-0.3090820312,
-0.6000976562,
0.051361084,
-0.3752441406,
0.4213867188,
-0.1055908203,
-0.3586425781,
0.0992431641,
-0.5581054688,
-0.3403320312,
1.068359375,
0.2702636719,
-0.3139648438,
0.20703125,
0.6625976562,
-0.0648193359,
-0.3657226562,
2.197265625,
-0.4174804688,
0.103515625,
-0.1726074219,
-1.4375,
-0.6928710938,
-0.435546875,
0.1333007812,
0.4306640625,
-0.4624023438,
0.1956787109,
-0.634765625,
-1.0205078125,
-0.2341308594,
-0.0304718018,
-1.294921875,
0.1330566406,
-0.3188476562,
-0.193359375,
0.4812011719,
-0.9604492188,
-1.130859375,
-0.8334960938,
-1.2451171875,
-0.287109375,
0.4169921875,
0.8666992188,
0.6176757812,
0.9692382812,
-0.3740234375,
0.0994873047,
-0.34765625,
1.013671875,
0.5922851562,
0.7182617188,
0.5249023438,
0.8022460938,
0.0232086182,
0.9697265625,
0.1008911133,
-1.5205078125,
1.0166015625,
0.0789794922,
0.3020019531,
-0.7944335938,
0.0791625977,
0.3891601562,
-0.3862304688,
0.3540039062,
-0.4291992188,
-0.5385742188,
0.4343261719,
0.2260742188,
0.16015625,
-0.1539306641,
-0.5405273438,
-0.123840332,
-1.091796875,
-0.2634277344,
0.0768432617,
0.8920898438,
0.1624755859,
-1.0400390625,
-0.4606933594,
-0.1254882812,
-0.5795898438,
0.8447265625,
1.0029296875,
-0.8413085938,
-0.0212097168,
-0.5932617188,
-1.7138671875,
0.2282714844,
1.2333984375,
0.2282714844,
-0.7153320312,
-1.05078125,
-0.5356445312,
-0.341796875,
0.1022949219,
0.1600341797,
0.0842895508,
1.0078125,
0.4853515625,
-1.3359375,
-1.0419921875,
-0.1667480469,
0.2783203125,
1.00390625,
0.1672363281,
2.134765625,
0.2117919922,
0.4328613281,
-0.4797363281,
-0.2042236328,
1.34765625,
-0.4431152344,
0.67578125,
0.6025390625,
0.7036132812,
0.3786621094,
-0.1853027344,
0.5712890625,
0.8950195312,
-0.1740722656,
0.1276855469,
0.0629272461,
-1.744140625,
0.120300293,
-0.020324707,
-0.4792480469,
0.2014160156,
0.2502441406,
-0.134765625,
-0.0051841736,
0.3488769531,
0.0160522461,
-0.3828125,
-0.8491210938,
0.2536621094,
0.4125976562,
0.0243530273,
-0.5317382812,
-0.0038909912,
-0.6455078125,
1.5048828125,
0.1486816406,
0.8989257812,
0.74609375,
-0.6772460938,
-0.0642700195,
-0.7182617188,
-0.6943359375,
-0.8603515625,
0.4890136719,
-0.455078125,
-1.7373046875,
0.4636230469,
-0.0027980804,
-0.2626953125,
0.2170410156,
0.7568359375,
-0.8227539062,
-0.4853515625,
-0.1495361328,
-1.2314453125,
1.2080078125,
-0.2822265625,
0.4853515625,
1.287109375,
-1.08984375,
-0.7138671875,
-0.0234680176,
-0.2189941406,
-0.4096679688,
0.2780761719,
-0.76171875,
-0.0299224854,
0.4926757812,
-0.5493164062,
-0.2100830078,
0.7734375,
0.7133789062,
0.509765625,
0.4848632812,
0.098815918,
0.6713867188,
1.5859375,
0.4057617188,
0.0039291382,
-0.4975585938,
0.1100463867,
0.3249511719,
-0.1490478516,
-0.0607299805,
0.2756347656,
0.1334228516,
0.056640625,
-0.0371398926,
-0.4396972656,
-0.7275390625,
-0.2054443359,
-0.2824707031,
-1.849609375,
-0.0199890137,
1.1630859375,
-0.0225219727,
-0.302734375,
0.1791992188,
-0.2321777344,
-1.20703125,
-0.8706054688,
-0.0101013184,
0.6127929688,
-0.4077148438,
-0.83984375,
0.2493896484,
0.3754882812,
-0.8208007812,
0.1563720703,
1.1181640625,
-0.0566711426,
-0.8920898438,
0.0201873779,
-0.2071533203,
-0.1624755859,
0.5502929688,
-0.2055664062,
0.3640136719,
1.3388671875,
0.7280273438,
-0.3833007812,
0.1201171875,
-0.4045410156,
-0.2406005859,
-0.2398681641,
-0.1845703125,
0.0914916992,
0.0762939453,
-0.6494140625,
-0.2099609375,
-0.0814819336,
-0.6284179688,
0.1212768555,
0.016784668,
0.5229492188,
0.0499267578,
0.3974609375,
-0.1166381836,
0.1121826172,
0.3171386719,
-0.232421875,
-0.0422973633,
0.1975097656,
1.2705078125,
1.279296875,
-0.318359375,
-1.1904296875,
-0.9482421875,
-0.2268066406,
-0.326171875,
0.6079101562,
-0.7666015625,
-0.1976318359,
-0.4504394531,
-0.8530273438,
-0.1674804688,
0.8745117188,
-0.5327148438,
0.9448242188,
0.2464599609,
0.1109008789,
0.0066986084,
-0.53515625,
0.0756835938,
1.2490234375,
0.3454589844,
0.6020507812,
-0.3071289062,
0.2117919922,
0.3852539062,
-0.3334960938,
0.4013671875,
-0.1491699219,
1.1904296875,
-0.8447265625,
0.0894775391,
0.4270019531,
-0.1477050781,
0.4575195312,
0.2971191406,
1.150390625,
-0.765625,
0.4702148438,
0.3232421875,
-0.3630371094,
-1.802734375,
-0.6782226562,
-0.0371704102,
-0.3461914062,
0.4919433594,
0.544921875,
-0.2180175781,
-0.2124023438,
0.4311523438,
-0.1100463867,
0.4768066406,
-0.2788085938,
0.7709960938,
0.1193847656,
0.079284668,
-0.7358398438,
-0.5024414062,
0.3474121094,
-0.1938476562,
-0.6328125,
-0.4221191406,
0.4426269531,
-0.8627929688,
0.8354492188,
0.3930664062,
0.1474609375,
0.54296875,
-0.6850585938,
-0.0166625977,
0.2181396484,
0.0158691406,
0.1091918945,
0.755859375,
-0.6625976562,
-0.0242614746,
0.5571289062,
0.7685546875,
-0.552734375,
0.2100830078,
-0.720703125,
-0.3688964844,
-0.1691894531,
0.0505065918,
0.9526367188,
0.0464782715,
0.4226074219,
-0.0201568604,
0.4731445312,
0.0350646973,
0.8129882812,
-0.5991210938,
0.1506347656,
0.0808105469,
0.0428771973,
0.1012573242,
0.9580078125,
-0.2348632812,
0.56640625,
0.3737792969,
-0.3122558594,
0.1879882812,
0.1317138672,
1.0634765625,
0.0694580078,
-0.0972290039,
0.2746582031,
0.2076416016,
-1.171875,
0.2841796875,
-1.669921875,
0.1711425781,
0.1563720703,
-0.2117919922,
1.0068359375,
-1.3095703125,
-0.2091064453,
0.4619140625,
0.0620422363,
0.63671875,
-0.8310546875,
0.8608398438,
-0.1580810547,
0.5126953125,
-0.556640625,
0.3503417969,
-0.0723876953,
-0.923828125,
0.4653320312,
-0.7919921875,
-0.2976074219,
-0.181640625,
0.4291992188,
0.4704589844,
0.1907958984,
0.2543945312,
-0.7265625,
-0.4248046875,
0.5063476562,
0.7797851562,
-0.3520507812,
-0.3627929688,
0.3442382812,
-0.4006347656,
-0.7153320312,
1.083984375,
0.0786132812,
0.1800537109,
-0.2225341797,
-0.0141372681,
-0.6186523438,
0.5009765625,
-0.5854492188,
-0.52734375,
-0.102722168,
-0.051361084,
-0.0258178711,
0.3686523438,
-0.564453125,
0.5043945312,
-0.0684814453,
0.8989257812,
-0.0077629089,
-1.919921875,
0.2108154297,
0.5551757812,
-0.1380615234,
0.2839355469,
0.7939453125,
-0.0157470703,
-0.2600097656,
-0.1378173828,
0.9521484375,
-0.3293457031,
-0.4848632812,
-0.4521484375,
-1.109375,
-1.451171875,
0.0367126465,
0.8974609375,
-0.4716796875,
-0.2175292969,
0.7426757812,
1.0634765625,
0.603515625,
-0.4184570312,
-0.1286621094,
0.8071289062,
0.5385742188,
-0.1196289062,
-0.6733398438,
0.3334960938,
0.3344726562,
-0.0952148438,
-0.6909179688,
-13.3359375,
-0.7607421875,
0.1973876953,
0.4741210938,
-0.87109375,
-0.3583984375,
1.0849609375,
-0.7758789062,
-0.2425537109,
0.0249938965,
0.0438232422,
1.0634765625,
-1.47265625,
-0.478515625,
0.2666015625,
-0.1418457031,
-1.38671875,
-0.99609375,
-0.0841064453,
0.4020996094,
-0.4855957031,
0.7963867188,
-0.5327148438,
-0.4580078125,
-0.4387207031,
-0.102355957,
0.1655273438,
-0.6381835938,
-0.6416015625,
0.3825683594,
0.3786621094,
-0.4545898438,
-0.4670410156,
1.0810546875,
-0.2529296875,
0.8837890625,
0.283203125,
0.1934814453,
0.8461914062,
0.37109375,
-0.3779296875,
0.032623291,
-0.8041992188,
0.7299804688,
-0.1646728516,
0.8276367188,
1.01171875,
-0.0728149414,
-0.2073974609,
0.1885986328,
-0.9438476562,
0.9169921875,
1.1845703125,
0.0765380859,
-0.4833984375,
0.1905517578,
-1.08203125,
-0.0841064453,
-0.1987304688,
0.1639404297,
-0.6791992188,
0.3454589844,
-0.5244140625,
0.0992431641,
-0.9721679688,
-0.8178710938,
-0.7866210938,
-0.990234375,
-0.8256835938,
-0.6665039062,
0.416015625,
-1.1064453125,
0.5053710938,
-1.1201171875,
0.8872070312,
0.2233886719,
-0.7670898438,
-0.5522460938,
-0.5737304688,
-0.1466064453,
-0.59765625,
-0.2934570312
] |
(Digital version of the Arabic text)
Risala fi'l-Ishq (A Treatise on Love). Translated by Emil L. Fackenheim. Persian works
Avicenna's most important Persian work is the Danishnama-i 'Alai (, "the Book of Knowledge for [Prince] 'Ala ad-Daulah"). Avicenna created new scientific vocabulary that had not previously existed in Persian. The Danishnama covers such topics as logic, metaphysics, music theory and other sciences of his time. It has been translated into English by Parwiz Morewedge in 1977. The book is also important in respect to Persian scientific works.Andar Danesh-e Rag (, "On the Science of the Pulse") contains nine chapters on the science of the pulse and is a condensed synopsis. Persian poetry from Avicenna is recorded in various manuscripts and later anthologies such as Nozhat al-Majales. | [
-0.3754882812,
-0.5551757812,
0.4521484375,
-0.1694335938,
-0.3410644531,
0.5512695312,
-0.2012939453,
0.3598632812,
-1.1552734375,
-0.0204772949,
-0.0439758301,
0.1129760742,
-0.30078125,
0.1701660156,
0.4799804688,
0.2827148438,
-0.5961914062,
-0.2174072266,
-0.4155273438,
-0.0335388184,
0.1249389648,
0.0939331055,
-0.0096893311,
-0.2333984375,
-0.8076171875,
0.31640625,
0.2727050781,
0.5205078125,
-0.9887695312,
-0.259765625,
0.1612548828,
0.9506835938,
0.482421875,
-1.25390625,
-1.029296875,
-0.0312805176,
-0.0310058594,
-1.142578125,
-0.8286132812,
0.3234863281,
-1.36328125,
-0.42578125,
0.0118484497,
0.5102539062,
0.1336669922,
0.6166992188,
0.1447753906,
-0.1313476562,
-0.5688476562,
-0.4606933594,
-1.0009765625,
0.3171386719,
-0.0874633789,
-0.2658691406,
-0.990234375,
-0.1177368164,
-0.6635742188,
-1.6201171875,
-0.2033691406,
-0.9052734375,
-0.2741699219,
-0.470703125,
1.23046875,
-0.6318359375,
0.2445068359,
-0.576171875,
-0.607421875,
-0.974609375,
-0.7729492188,
0.7294921875,
-0.5595703125,
0.0054740906,
-0.857421875,
-0.0938720703,
-0.4841308594,
-0.783203125,
-0.1746826172,
0.6928710938,
-0.2106933594,
-1.041015625,
-0.427734375,
-0.4282226562,
-0.6904296875,
-1.0830078125,
0.2252197266,
0.0245666504,
1.2705078125,
0.0904541016,
-0.3891601562,
0.5703125,
0.3420410156,
-0.595703125,
-0.8759765625,
0.326171875,
0.8081054688,
1.2861328125,
0.51171875,
-0.7578125,
-0.8754882812,
-0.3833007812,
-0.3684082031,
-0.9809570312,
0.61328125,
-0.4372558594,
0.5439453125,
0.9731445312,
-0.3371582031,
-0.7309570312,
-0.0356445312,
-0.1938476562,
-0.086730957,
-0.3010253906,
0.0016756058,
0.861328125,
0.47265625,
-0.1293945312,
0.3752441406,
0.4614257812,
0.4450683594,
0.4741210938,
0.0631713867,
-0.2084960938,
-1.1455078125,
0.4660644531,
0.984375,
0.7758789062,
-0.9428710938,
-0.1298828125,
0.1307373047,
0.3630371094,
-0.5678710938,
0.0560302734,
0.1052856445,
-0.2447509766,
0.1737060547,
-0.2120361328,
-0.0422058105,
0.4384765625,
-0.0520324707,
0.2183837891,
-0.9580078125,
-0.4233398438,
-0.0620727539,
-0.5463867188,
1.412109375,
-0.2531738281,
0.0975341797,
0.7602539062,
-0.2866210938,
-0.4011230469,
0.1079101562,
-0.9262695312,
-0.0426940918,
0.193359375,
0.0177612305,
0.2749023438,
-0.2595214844,
0.1122436523,
-0.3212890625,
-0.0742797852,
0.244140625,
0.4831542969,
-0.3146972656,
-0.38671875,
0.3444824219,
0.1104736328,
-0.2526855469,
-0.0942993164,
0.5073242188,
0.1314697266,
-0.57421875,
0.5815429688,
-0.69921875,
-1.32421875,
0.4611816406,
-0.3181152344,
0.3874511719,
0.3503417969,
-0.0855102539,
-0.7036132812,
-0.3549804688,
-1.572265625,
-0.1511230469,
-1.1904296875,
0.494140625,
0.2407226562,
0.3095703125,
0.3781738281,
-0.1162719727,
-0.7309570312,
-0.0965576172,
0.9838867188,
-0.5185546875,
-0.2097167969,
-1.125,
-1.5400390625,
0.0525817871,
0.7534179688,
-1.25390625,
-0.0216064453,
-0.5009765625,
1.2802734375,
0.1918945312,
-0.0715332031,
-0.1141967773,
-0.4421386719,
-0.0178375244,
0.23046875,
-0.3110351562,
-0.1571044922,
-0.1942138672,
0.5478515625,
-0.2563476562,
-0.0073394775,
0.0470581055,
0.6352539062,
-0.3532714844,
-0.9624023438,
-0.2563476562,
0.1141357422,
-0.5014648438,
-1.0849609375,
-0.9155273438,
0.1907958984,
-0.9921875,
0.8354492188,
-1.1357421875,
1.259765625,
0.5717773438,
0.8305664062,
0.7543945312,
0.2839355469,
-0.8334960938,
0.2005615234,
0.435546875,
-1.2314453125,
-0.0404663086,
0.2073974609,
-0.0239562988,
-0.0941772461,
0.0736083984,
-0.0634155273,
0.4106445312,
-0.3715820312,
0.5224609375,
1.0478515625,
1.583984375,
0.2114257812,
0.9990234375,
0.1246948242,
0.8725585938,
1.1923828125,
-0.1732177734,
0.0085906982,
-0.1452636719,
-0.7241210938,
-0.3239746094,
0.9033203125,
0.2958984375,
-0.4846191406,
-0.3046875,
-0.0361633301,
1.1572265625,
0.228515625,
-0.2807617188,
0.0157928467,
-0.40625,
-0.59765625,
0.4650878906,
0.4670410156,
0.9604492188,
0.7084960938,
-0.5395507812,
-1.28515625,
0.5859375,
0.0230865479,
0.6201171875,
-0.3815917969,
-0.2724609375,
0.3264160156,
0.6645507812,
-0.8500976562,
-0.072265625,
-0.4069824219,
0.5649414062,
-0.6313476562,
0.3359375,
1.20703125,
0.6870117188,
-1.376953125,
0.1092529297,
-0.748046875,
-0.0320739746,
-0.1322021484,
0.0419311523,
0.1977539062,
-0.2486572266,
0.77734375,
0.9311523438,
-0.0760498047,
1.50390625,
0.3225097656,
0.0431518555,
1.400390625,
0.4936523438,
0.9111328125,
-1.0537109375,
0.62890625,
0.5219726562,
0.2885742188,
-0.0744018555,
-0.65625,
-0.5317382812,
0.2622070312,
-0.8076171875,
-0.2763671875,
-0.9487304688,
-0.1671142578,
-0.9633789062,
0.1186523438,
0.60546875,
-0.0164794922,
0.5908203125,
-0.1286621094,
-0.640625,
0.91796875,
-1.3271484375,
0.8608398438,
0.8701171875,
-0.1801757812,
0.2587890625,
-0.40234375,
-0.7807617188,
0.8671875,
1.6708984375,
0.4152832031,
0.275390625,
0.9619140625,
0.053894043,
-0.1317138672,
0.6435546875,
-0.042175293,
0.2086181641,
-0.0816040039,
0.1812744141,
1.6201171875,
-0.7197265625,
0.0187683105,
-1.037109375,
-0.3359375,
0.6997070312,
0.0981445312,
-1.291015625,
-0.49609375,
1.248046875,
1.046875,
-0.1846923828,
-0.2639160156,
0.1050415039,
0.2359619141,
-0.673828125,
0.603515625,
-1.1748046875,
0.2912597656,
0.1778564453,
-0.0562744141,
-0.521484375,
-1.1591796875,
-0.0532836914,
0.9497070312,
-0.0553283691,
-0.3823242188,
-1.7431640625,
-0.4919433594,
0.6450195312,
-0.3395996094,
0.615234375,
1.3154296875,
-0.7778320312,
0.0133132935,
0.5825195312,
0.4921875,
-0.8686523438,
-0.4543457031,
0.8471679688,
-0.67578125,
-0.400390625,
0.2578125,
-0.673828125,
-0.0666503906,
0.0712280273,
0.4973144531,
0.3325195312,
0.3549804688,
-0.1811523438,
-0.9604492188,
0.4072265625,
-0.8295898438,
0.2274169922,
-0.1827392578,
0.1593017578,
-1.041015625,
-0.1242675781,
0.5986328125,
-0.3544921875,
0.0467224121,
2.015625,
-1.2490234375,
0.0274963379,
-0.7509765625,
0.0970458984,
0.2790527344,
-0.3706054688,
-0.6259765625,
-0.673828125,
-0.033203125,
-1.419921875,
-0.0035209656,
1.2431640625,
-0.0484313965,
-0.359375,
0.2802734375,
0.4392089844,
-0.4484863281,
0.1469726562,
0.71875,
0.8920898438,
0.0023841858,
-0.3637695312,
-0.69921875,
-1.220703125,
-0.830078125,
-0.034576416,
0.1649169922,
-0.5610351562,
-0.4807128906,
0.3823242188,
-0.1737060547,
0.9008789062,
0.0533447266,
0.5356445312,
0.0344543457,
0.0108032227,
1.416015625,
0.2362060547,
-0.1417236328,
-0.0726928711,
0.3671875,
-0.0283355713,
-0.6215820312,
0.3759765625,
-0.7094726562,
0.6982421875,
0.2430419922,
0.68359375,
0.0659179688,
0.7006835938,
-0.1987304688,
-1.2216796875,
1.2724609375,
0.3754882812,
-0.1263427734,
-1.11328125,
0.3234863281,
0.6020507812,
-1.3720703125,
-0.8798828125,
0.3022460938,
1.134765625,
0.0516357422,
0.0919799805,
0.0233154297,
-0.5620117188,
-0.6528320312,
0.1073608398,
-0.4660644531,
0.2736816406,
1.072265625,
-0.4750976562,
-0.5395507812,
0.5981445312,
-0.2081298828,
-0.5424804688,
0.44140625,
0.44921875,
-0.1385498047,
-0.6674804688,
-0.8056640625,
-0.0885620117,
-1.0673828125,
-0.4387207031,
1.2626953125,
-0.4487304688,
0.6450195312,
0.2761230469,
-0.7475585938,
-0.3168945312,
-0.0712280273,
-0.1315917969,
0.6259765625,
-0.2265625,
-0.7163085938,
0.3061523438,
-0.0680541992,
-0.9677734375,
0.5512695312,
0.3918457031,
-0.4868164062,
0.2878417969,
0.255859375,
0.1540527344,
0.3234863281,
2.078125,
0.0361633301,
0.0883178711,
0.2612304688,
-1.244140625,
-0.3818359375,
0.3232421875,
0.3146972656,
0.3298339844,
-0.36328125,
-0.5600585938,
-0.8071289062,
-0.9892578125,
-0.7548828125,
-0.1845703125,
-1.376953125,
-0.0957641602,
-0.3425292969,
0.0647583008,
-0.1774902344,
-0.4765625,
-0.8857421875,
-0.498046875,
-0.57421875,
0.5102539062,
0.8505859375,
0.2189941406,
0.4128417969,
0.7451171875,
-0.5629882812,
-0.412109375,
0.0204925537,
0.412109375,
0.525390625,
0.6376953125,
0.8266601562,
0.416015625,
0.0145721436,
-0.0616149902,
0.0285949707,
0.466796875,
0.658203125,
1.107421875,
-0.7509765625,
-0.1402587891,
-0.4794921875,
0.560546875,
-0.6606445312,
-0.1556396484,
-0.8193359375,
-0.3251953125,
0.5283203125,
-0.0936889648,
0.3415527344,
0.0136795044,
-0.5102539062,
-0.2380371094,
-0.9775390625,
-0.3295898438,
-0.2873535156,
1.5751953125,
1.205078125,
-0.0441589355,
-0.4243164062,
0.2183837891,
-0.3879394531,
0.6123046875,
1.2109375,
-0.3208007812,
0.2529296875,
-0.0187530518,
-1.2470703125,
-0.0643920898,
1.126953125,
0.4499511719,
-1.19140625,
-1.015625,
-0.4167480469,
-0.2639160156,
0.3271484375,
1.0263671875,
0.7280273438,
1.056640625,
-0.4309082031,
-1.4453125,
-0.5874023438,
0.380859375,
0.3103027344,
1.2685546875,
0.6513671875,
1.1328125,
-0.1494140625,
0.8862304688,
-0.28515625,
0.5415039062,
1.787109375,
-0.6655273438,
-0.1778564453,
0.6025390625,
-0.0343017578,
0.1107788086,
0.5092773438,
0.4931640625,
0.5366210938,
-0.4865722656,
-0.8374023438,
-0.0681152344,
-1.666015625,
-0.0195159912,
-0.4611816406,
0.453125,
0.7451171875,
0.1760253906,
-0.4162597656,
-0.0246887207,
0.2121582031,
-0.4916992188,
-0.1297607422,
0.4030761719,
0.4013671875,
-0.3605957031,
-0.1979980469,
0.0952148438,
-0.1195068359,
-0.0992431641,
1.4375,
0.603515625,
0.8657226562,
1.1318359375,
-0.734375,
0.9052734375,
-0.8950195312,
-1.1201171875,
0.1329345703,
0.2917480469,
-0.1632080078,
-1.017578125,
0.5283203125,
-0.599609375,
0.2761230469,
0.4172363281,
-0.4475097656,
-0.0963134766,
-0.4138183594,
-0.4475097656,
-2.3671875,
1.0517578125,
0.1459960938,
0.3247070312,
0.90234375,
0.2741699219,
-0.8291015625,
-0.5317382812,
-0.5458984375,
-0.3591308594,
-0.7348632812,
-0.806640625,
-0.33203125,
-0.2497558594,
-1.4619140625,
-0.5014648438,
1.0556640625,
0.9345703125,
0.2954101562,
-0.2293701172,
0.1239013672,
1.1728515625,
0.9345703125,
-0.1217041016,
0.3037109375,
0.1177978516,
0.3662109375,
-0.2299804688,
-0.8076171875,
0.4426269531,
0.7026367188,
-0.1486816406,
0.0203399658,
0.0688476562,
-0.71875,
-0.3811035156,
0.1678466797,
0.3920898438,
-1.58203125,
-0.1468505859,
0.2951660156,
0.53125,
0.634765625,
-0.0629272461,
-0.0045509338,
-1.12109375,
-0.3557128906,
0.2154541016,
0.1463623047,
0.2800292969,
-0.7866210938,
0.2133789062,
0.1472167969,
-0.0648803711,
0.1409912109,
0.6225585938,
-0.0603942871,
-0.2548828125,
0.7236328125,
-0.7124023438,
-0.3896484375,
0.4252929688,
0.0585632324,
0.1806640625,
0.6201171875,
0.4365234375,
-0.1994628906,
-0.1163330078,
-0.2685546875,
-0.0592041016,
0.0025348663,
0.1149902344,
0.3051757812,
0.3295898438,
-0.984375,
-0.100769043,
-0.2032470703,
0.3256835938,
-0.8154296875,
-0.4006347656,
1.318359375,
0.1595458984,
0.6147460938,
-0.0093460083,
0.2885742188,
0.5727539062,
0.6723632812,
-0.4448242188,
-0.6879882812,
1.240234375,
0.6928710938,
-0.5288085938,
-1.0986328125,
0.1932373047,
-0.3540039062,
0.1999511719,
-0.6596679688,
-0.5146484375,
0.1457519531,
-0.3100585938,
-0.8432617188,
0.2873535156,
0.8022460938,
-0.4216308594,
-0.2176513672,
0.1911621094,
-0.0881958008,
0.3994140625,
0.1148681641,
0.5629882812,
0.8583984375,
0.5795898438,
0.8891601562,
-0.236328125,
0.4482421875,
0.666015625,
-0.6586914062,
0.2277832031,
-0.2963867188,
1.5205078125,
-1.4501953125,
0.3642578125,
-0.1331787109,
-0.3930664062,
-0.748046875,
0.1286621094,
-0.54296875,
-0.5498046875,
0.6020507812,
-0.6650390625,
-0.5205078125,
-1.0869140625,
-0.4782714844,
-0.3828125,
0.0064544678,
0.1469726562,
0.5888671875,
-0.3852539062,
0.0773925781,
0.49609375,
-0.5405273438,
0.6293945312,
0.2055664062,
0.515625,
0.4201660156,
-0.1579589844,
-0.8178710938,
-0.4616699219,
0.2507324219,
-0.2467041016,
-1.099609375,
-0.1422119141,
0.8188476562,
0.3835449219,
0.6201171875,
-0.3198242188,
0.2775878906,
0.7758789062,
-0.3830566406,
0.2629394531,
0.8686523438,
-0.2648925781,
-0.041015625,
0.5874023438,
-0.83984375,
-0.0816040039,
0.0219116211,
1.095703125,
-0.2384033203,
0.4382324219,
-0.2526855469,
-0.3151855469,
-1.0400390625,
-0.1569824219,
0.6728515625,
-0.1815185547,
0.5498046875,
-0.1928710938,
0.6376953125,
-0.4145507812,
0.3190917969,
-0.8564453125,
-0.1812744141,
0.2069091797,
-0.8295898438,
0.9086914062,
0.1258544922,
0.84765625,
-0.7338867188,
0.3979492188,
-0.5288085938,
0.5024414062,
-0.4807128906,
0.58203125,
0.1496582031,
-0.6342773438,
-0.6811523438,
0.4873046875,
-0.41796875,
0.1413574219,
-0.83203125,
-0.1798095703,
0.1782226562,
0.4675292969,
-0.2327880859,
-0.8515625,
-0.4716796875,
0.6518554688,
-0.8310546875,
-0.003578186,
-0.5249023438,
0.6997070312,
-0.7666015625,
-0.0085906982,
-0.2707519531,
0.4545898438,
-0.5205078125,
-1.01171875,
0.7143554688,
-0.5971679688,
0.2139892578,
-0.078125,
0.5009765625,
-0.0935668945,
0.0780029297,
0.1982421875,
-1.3623046875,
-0.4079589844,
0.31640625,
0.58984375,
-0.8090820312,
-0.5209960938,
1.1142578125,
-0.0573730469,
-0.4362792969,
1.861328125,
0.61328125,
-0.4326171875,
-0.5615234375,
-0.5244140625,
-0.3784179688,
0.263671875,
0.2137451172,
-0.6376953125,
0.4931640625,
0.1304931641,
-0.2342529297,
1.046875,
-0.3137207031,
-0.2354736328,
-1.0966796875,
0.8701171875,
-0.0980224609,
-1.0146484375,
-0.0527038574,
0.1546630859,
-0.0958862305,
0.4985351562,
0.5673828125,
-0.0663452148,
-0.0078964233,
-0.3562011719,
0.1943359375,
-0.9194335938,
-0.4375,
-0.3950195312,
-0.80859375,
-0.8833007812,
-0.1888427734,
0.509765625,
0.0947265625,
0.0871582031,
0.75390625,
0.2241210938,
0.1662597656,
0.0070495605,
0.0459899902,
0.2027587891,
0.1479492188,
0.4177246094,
-0.8837890625,
0.0140380859,
0.99609375,
0.3308105469,
0.1278076172,
-12.8984375,
-0.8330078125,
0.1882324219,
-0.2303466797,
-1.2880859375,
0.5551757812,
1.71875,
-1.4169921875,
-0.6684570312,
0.7299804688,
0.0744628906,
0.8696289062,
-1.1220703125,
-0.5415039062,
0.1551513672,
-0.065246582,
-0.5590820312,
-0.7143554688,
-0.2052001953,
0.0127792358,
-0.390625,
1.1376953125,
0.0881347656,
0.1760253906,
-0.8920898438,
-0.1633300781,
-0.0643920898,
0.1934814453,
-0.2091064453,
0.3173828125,
0.513671875,
-0.3723144531,
-0.9438476562,
1.5546875,
-0.5556640625,
0.4736328125,
0.0662231445,
0.4411621094,
0.8603515625,
0.2443847656,
-0.2924804688,
0.6669921875,
-0.9213867188,
0.4675292969,
0.2236328125,
0.5717773438,
0.0536193848,
-0.4270019531,
0.61328125,
0.3012695312,
-0.8256835938,
0.6938476562,
0.8852539062,
-0.5439453125,
-0.7021484375,
0.3425292969,
-0.763671875,
0.3618164062,
0.0110321045,
0.3312988281,
-0.3325195312,
0.1674804688,
-0.3520507812,
0.0091934204,
-1.0166015625,
-0.7866210938,
-0.037322998,
-0.7407226562,
0.1954345703,
-0.4614257812,
0.9931640625,
-0.4741210938,
1.021484375,
-0.8393554688,
0.529296875,
-0.1970214844,
-0.5971679688,
-0.9067382812,
-1.1171875,
-0.6196289062,
-0.0947265625,
-0.2159423828
] |
See also
Al-Qumri (possibly Avicenna's teacher)
Abdol Hamid Khosro Shahi (Iranian theologian)
Mummia (Persian medicine)
Namesakes of Ibn Sina
Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences in Aligarh
Avicenna Bay in Antarctica
Avicenna (crater) on the far side of the Moon
Avicenna Cultural and Scientific Foundation
Avicenne Hospital in Paris, France
Avicenna International College in Budapest, Hungary
Avicenna Mausoleum (complex dedicated to Avicenna) in Hamadan, Iran
Avicenna Research Institute in Tehran, Iran
Avicenna Tajik State Medical University in Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamedan, Iran
Ibn Sina Peak – named after the Scientist, on the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border
Ibn Sina Foundation in Houston, Texas
Ibn Sina Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
Ibn Sina Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Ibn Sina University Hospital of Rabat-Salé at Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
Ibne Sina Hospital, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
International Ibn Sina Clinic, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
Philosophy
Eastern philosophy
Iranian philosophy
Islamic philosophy
Contemporary Islamic philosophy
Science in the medieval Islamic world
List of scientists in medieval Islamic world
Sufi philosophy
Science and technology in Iran
Ancient Iranian medicine
List of pre-modern Iranian scientists and scholars
References
Sources cited
Further reading
Encyclopedic articles
(PDF version)
Avicenna entry by Sajjad H. Rizvi in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Primary literature
For an old list of other extant works, C. Brockelmann's Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur (Weimar 1898), vol. i. pp. 452–458. (XV. | [
0.93359375,
-0.4973144531,
1.0107421875,
-0.5249023438,
0.2170410156,
0.3386230469,
-0.3186035156,
0.2824707031,
-0.5053710938,
0.9873046875,
0.3801269531,
0.62890625,
-0.4775390625,
-0.8017578125,
-0.119140625,
-0.6108398438,
-0.0097961426,
-0.1502685547,
-0.4792480469,
-0.6108398438,
-0.2937011719,
-0.4689941406,
-0.0438842773,
-0.1165771484,
-0.6967773438,
-0.7890625,
0.6064453125,
0.1815185547,
-0.3232421875,
-0.4997558594,
0.5776367188,
0.2661132812,
-0.1094360352,
-0.4345703125,
-1.1025390625,
0.0257873535,
0.025390625,
-1.47265625,
-0.3283691406,
-0.732421875,
-0.5219726562,
-0.4074707031,
-0.8657226562,
0.9829101562,
0.3703613281,
1.03515625,
0.4423828125,
0.9145507812,
-0.5317382812,
-0.2233886719,
-0.4094238281,
-0.2340087891,
-0.5200195312,
0.1590576172,
-0.0643310547,
-0.3986816406,
0.7270507812,
-1.4150390625,
-0.2022705078,
-0.5190429688,
-0.2066650391,
-0.5864257812,
0.4653320312,
-0.4768066406,
1.0673828125,
-0.8041992188,
0.240234375,
-0.9868164062,
0.4760742188,
0.36328125,
-1.0576171875,
-0.0660400391,
-0.5830078125,
0.1330566406,
0.4125976562,
-0.3051757812,
0.2841796875,
0.4572753906,
-0.4333496094,
0.2978515625,
-0.3505859375,
-1.0068359375,
-0.3825683594,
-1.1923828125,
0.5688476562,
1.55859375,
0.4235839844,
0.3208007812,
-0.8276367188,
0.1473388672,
0.5698242188,
0.0707397461,
-0.4213867188,
-0.5751953125,
0.626953125,
0.7783203125,
0.3481445312,
-1.41015625,
-0.4526367188,
0.3029785156,
0.3625488281,
-1.3818359375,
0.392578125,
-0.2375488281,
0.1665039062,
1.9267578125,
-0.1948242188,
-0.8920898438,
-0.685546875,
0.3203125,
0.4282226562,
-0.0003709793,
0.4912109375,
0.521484375,
0.19921875,
-0.5747070312,
0.5517578125,
0.1584472656,
-0.4426269531,
0.2785644531,
-0.1130371094,
0.3115234375,
-0.2003173828,
-0.3208007812,
1.1083984375,
0.4748535156,
-0.6630859375,
1.1708984375,
0.6645507812,
0.3859863281,
-0.4670410156,
-0.3229980469,
0.0165557861,
-0.6372070312,
0.9165039062,
0.1440429688,
-0.2541503906,
0.6557617188,
0.0379638672,
0.8862304688,
-0.7080078125,
0.7153320312,
-0.3247070312,
0.1688232422,
1.021484375,
-0.6586914062,
-0.1750488281,
0.6303710938,
-0.7509765625,
-0.8671875,
0.1044921875,
-0.8154296875,
0.9951171875,
0.6196289062,
0.1082763672,
0.1270751953,
-0.4379882812,
-0.81640625,
-0.3986816406,
0.1741943359,
-0.619140625,
0.2600097656,
-0.5,
0.9780273438,
-0.1053466797,
0.7446289062,
-0.8354492188,
0.2242431641,
1.0947265625,
-0.1677246094,
-0.537109375,
1.3173828125,
-0.107421875,
-0.265625,
0.2290039062,
0.564453125,
0.8999023438,
0.6127929688,
-0.87890625,
-0.2468261719,
0.728515625,
-1.7587890625,
0.6162109375,
-0.19140625,
0.4868164062,
-0.040222168,
0.2839355469,
-0.5771484375,
0.1281738281,
-0.6860351562,
-0.1745605469,
0.6098632812,
-0.7080078125,
-0.4748535156,
-1.8984375,
-1.1884765625,
0.4829101562,
1.115234375,
-0.2487792969,
0.0586547852,
0.0217590332,
1.0185546875,
-0.177734375,
-0.2248535156,
0.849609375,
-0.615234375,
0.2502441406,
0.8291015625,
-0.64453125,
-0.0305938721,
-0.5146484375,
-0.0119171143,
-0.2514648438,
0.0567932129,
0.3845214844,
0.4016113281,
-0.2849121094,
-0.3298339844,
0.7978515625,
-0.4836425781,
-0.8686523438,
-0.3159179688,
-1.212890625,
0.576171875,
-1.3359375,
0.5048828125,
-0.5209960938,
1.4560546875,
0.0156707764,
1.4052734375,
0.56640625,
0.1533203125,
-0.8828125,
0.3352050781,
0.5009765625,
-0.3010253906,
0.7319335938,
0.37109375,
-0.1784667969,
0.5400390625,
0.3247070312,
0.3061523438,
0.2995605469,
-0.5512695312,
0.6059570312,
0.4252929688,
-0.4055175781,
0.6030273438,
-0.0331726074,
0.4538574219,
0.8627929688,
0.5126953125,
-0.3193359375,
-0.5844726562,
0.3449707031,
0.1729736328,
0.6284179688,
0.20703125,
0.0124588013,
-0.0048141479,
0.3264160156,
-0.3774414062,
-0.0140151978,
-1.18359375,
0.1661376953,
0.1590576172,
-0.9033203125,
-0.5629882812,
0.1733398438,
0.9477539062,
0.47265625,
0.7172851562,
-0.5434570312,
-0.3540039062,
1.146484375,
0.0091323853,
0.3415527344,
0.0479431152,
-0.2502441406,
0.2587890625,
-0.7211914062,
-0.2863769531,
-0.6293945312,
-0.3977050781,
0.8266601562,
-0.56640625,
0.3461914062,
1.302734375,
1.20703125,
-0.9604492188,
0.4338378906,
-0.5859375,
1.0546875,
1.2607421875,
0.7280273438,
0.5786132812,
0.0924682617,
0.46484375,
1.1279296875,
0.5068359375,
0.1994628906,
1.3095703125,
-0.4655761719,
0.7905273438,
0.4907226562,
-0.0264892578,
-1.251953125,
1.0771484375,
-0.2056884766,
-0.076965332,
-0.2299804688,
-0.7094726562,
0.1712646484,
-0.5859375,
-0.4487304688,
-0.0993652344,
-1.2431640625,
0.978515625,
-0.5424804688,
0.4602050781,
0.0834350586,
-0.9038085938,
-0.3371582031,
-0.2000732422,
-0.7275390625,
1.2705078125,
-0.3771972656,
-0.2727050781,
1.53125,
-0.1787109375,
0.2427978516,
0.0323791504,
0.4233398438,
0.0689697266,
0.6186523438,
-0.4462890625,
-0.31640625,
0.1246337891,
0.5390625,
0.1883544922,
0.4792480469,
0.6469726562,
0.4143066406,
1.2841796875,
-0.5947265625,
1.58203125,
0.6313476562,
0.87109375,
-0.2941894531,
0.1300048828,
0.74609375,
-0.4045410156,
-0.4392089844,
-0.4760742188,
0.880859375,
0.5034179688,
-0.2100830078,
0.0593261719,
-0.1818847656,
0.4045410156,
0.4501953125,
-1.1953125,
-1.982421875,
0.1690673828,
-0.3752441406,
-0.1480712891,
-0.0246734619,
-0.0938110352,
-0.1951904297,
1.107421875,
-0.1146850586,
-0.2941894531,
-0.9252929688,
-0.8154296875,
0.6005859375,
0.0157928467,
-0.9995117188,
1.1103515625,
-0.794921875,
-1.1376953125,
0.93359375,
-0.1846923828,
-0.2744140625,
0.3474121094,
0.4028320312,
-0.4052734375,
-0.0509643555,
-0.044342041,
-1.2626953125,
-0.1588134766,
0.5063476562,
0.6303710938,
0.0817260742,
-1.49609375,
-0.3793945312,
-0.431640625,
0.4372558594,
-0.892578125,
0.110534668,
0.8227539062,
0.1866455078,
0.0783691406,
-0.7124023438,
0.5224609375,
-0.0825195312,
-0.6411132812,
2.375,
-1.09375,
-0.4091796875,
0.3781738281,
0.2170410156,
0.0439453125,
0.1148681641,
-0.029083252,
-0.1550292969,
0.1696777344,
-0.4223632812,
1.033203125,
0.3703613281,
0.0895385742,
-0.2302246094,
0.2658691406,
-0.0535888672,
0.3864746094,
1.00390625,
0.7075195312,
0.3366699219,
0.8369140625,
-0.8837890625,
-1.134765625,
-0.4096679688,
-0.0166778564,
-0.4951171875,
0.9829101562,
-0.6000976562,
0.4870605469,
0.0519714355,
-0.3337402344,
-0.019317627,
0.2102050781,
0.4699707031,
-0.0174407959,
-0.2341308594,
1.08203125,
0.775390625,
0.5141601562,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2734375,
-0.3803710938,
-0.9521484375,
-0.0328979492,
0.053314209,
1.111328125,
0.0492248535,
0.9721679688,
0.1629638672,
0.4169921875,
0.48828125,
0.0230255127,
0.8881835938,
0.5991210938,
-0.0932006836,
-0.5615234375,
0.2543945312,
-0.9409179688,
-1.111328125,
-1.0322265625,
-0.0224609375,
0.0129776001,
0.0562438965,
-0.0300140381,
-0.2481689453,
-0.3896484375,
0.6157226562,
-0.3957519531,
0.6723632812,
0.8173828125,
0.7133789062,
0.4506835938,
0.0433349609,
0.9794921875,
0.0344543457,
-0.2325439453,
-0.5483398438,
-0.3500976562,
0.1202392578,
-0.4338378906,
-0.8046875,
1.2255859375,
-0.9409179688,
-0.2369384766,
0.826171875,
-0.1900634766,
-0.3879394531,
-0.0697631836,
0.0679321289,
-0.5698242188,
-0.455078125,
-0.962890625,
0.2261962891,
-0.7309570312,
0.0508117676,
0.0361022949,
-0.0109634399,
-1.2080078125,
0.8510742188,
-0.7905273438,
0.0991210938,
0.4428710938,
0.759765625,
-0.0234527588,
-0.1712646484,
1.5986328125,
-0.5336914062,
0.4011230469,
-0.8159179688,
-1.2412109375,
0.1076049805,
0.3540039062,
0.6000976562,
0.4929199219,
-0.0108642578,
-0.5727539062,
-0.1030883789,
-0.4758300781,
0.3918457031,
-0.4169921875,
-1.0908203125,
0.3708496094,
-0.3269042969,
-0.1480712891,
-0.5112304688,
0.0625,
-0.3662109375,
-0.765625,
0.1854248047,
0.3745117188,
0.1967773438,
-0.3049316406,
1.1083984375,
0.97265625,
-0.4541015625,
0.609375,
-0.5390625,
1.1484375,
-0.4367675781,
0.3735351562,
0.0138244629,
0.41796875,
0.2729492188,
0.6337890625,
0.1861572266,
-0.943359375,
0.3676757812,
0.3342285156,
-0.466796875,
-0.9858398438,
-0.875,
0.3786621094,
-0.251953125,
-0.5458984375,
-0.82421875,
-0.1557617188,
0.3837890625,
-0.00623703,
0.7426757812,
-0.3603515625,
-0.2980957031,
0.2546386719,
-0.7602539062,
-1.4140625,
-0.3728027344,
1.8857421875,
0.2622070312,
-0.6196289062,
-0.5610351562,
0.2429199219,
-1.0439453125,
0.5078125,
0.2917480469,
-0.4604492188,
0.3447265625,
0.4230957031,
-1.6650390625,
-0.2648925781,
0.845703125,
0.8100585938,
-2.58203125,
-0.6474609375,
-0.5537109375,
-0.666015625,
0.263671875,
-0.4311523438,
0.0516967773,
1.2080078125,
0.490234375,
-1.44140625,
-0.8256835938,
0.1638183594,
0.1776123047,
0.6381835938,
-0.3256835938,
1.9326171875,
0.3896484375,
-0.1945800781,
-0.4211425781,
0.3793945312,
1.388671875,
-0.6044921875,
0.3962402344,
0.2294921875,
-0.2004394531,
0.8779296875,
-0.763671875,
-0.3591308594,
0.8510742188,
0.1694335938,
0.2700195312,
-0.0194854736,
-0.3930664062,
0.6499023438,
0.2956542969,
0.9672851562,
0.7934570312,
0.7602539062,
-0.6484375,
-0.0792236328,
0.515625,
0.2125244141,
-1.6865234375,
-0.7807617188,
0.4182128906,
0.0258026123,
0.2934570312,
0.1909179688,
0.1806640625,
-0.5395507812,
1.30078125,
0.4289550781,
0.5073242188,
0.8989257812,
-0.8295898438,
-0.4848632812,
-1.0068359375,
-1.2236328125,
-0.720703125,
-0.5112304688,
0.4094238281,
-1.3642578125,
-0.0281982422,
0.1594238281,
0.0307006836,
0.9990234375,
-0.2413330078,
-1.185546875,
-0.1879882812,
0.2078857422,
-1.3642578125,
1.15234375,
0.1856689453,
0.4963378906,
1.5634765625,
-0.6220703125,
-0.7973632812,
-0.5712890625,
-0.3620605469,
-0.8876953125,
-0.4711914062,
-0.7026367188,
-0.0692138672,
0.7260742188,
-1.2861328125,
-0.0728149414,
0.69140625,
0.0335693359,
0.0526123047,
0.6474609375,
-0.7236328125,
0.1279296875,
0.8203125,
0.162109375,
0.1270751953,
0.1130371094,
0.4653320312,
0.6953125,
-0.2668457031,
0.0598449707,
0.0386352539,
-0.5068359375,
-0.1256103516,
-0.6904296875,
-0.4680175781,
-1.02734375,
0.3286132812,
-0.3454589844,
-1.169921875,
-0.23828125,
0.4289550781,
-1.0966796875,
0.7138671875,
-0.140625,
-0.6479492188,
-0.833984375,
-0.2690429688,
-0.4853515625,
0.2646484375,
-0.544921875,
-0.5380859375,
0.1922607422,
0.0956420898,
-1.2021484375,
0.5639648438,
0.4660644531,
0.4489746094,
-0.7236328125,
0.2059326172,
-0.0482788086,
-0.8837890625,
0.0673217773,
-0.4152832031,
0.1483154297,
0.4377441406,
-0.0666503906,
0.1600341797,
-0.3173828125,
-1.1005859375,
-0.3342285156,
-0.4970703125,
-0.2546386719,
-0.5600585938,
-0.3425292969,
-0.89453125,
-0.6806640625,
0.0501098633,
-0.2600097656,
-0.0397644043,
0.4780273438,
0.2292480469,
-0.4890136719,
0.1799316406,
0.6494140625,
-0.027053833,
0.279296875,
0.2939453125,
-1.0595703125,
-0.0197906494,
1.3662109375,
1.419921875,
-0.4145507812,
-1.4931640625,
-1.1142578125,
-0.1948242188,
-0.5092773438,
0.9125976562,
-0.2568359375,
-0.3745117188,
-0.0800170898,
-0.6166992188,
-0.0806884766,
0.65234375,
0.0007534027,
-0.0375061035,
0.51953125,
0.3610839844,
0.2188720703,
0.1275634766,
-0.5048828125,
1.033203125,
0.3168945312,
0.0466308594,
0.3044433594,
1.1064453125,
0.1708984375,
-0.7280273438,
0.13671875,
-0.2526855469,
0.0325012207,
-0.4670410156,
0.4079589844,
1.2236328125,
-0.5849609375,
0.4226074219,
-0.9609375,
0.3273925781,
-0.857421875,
0.5107421875,
0.1805419922,
-0.0015439987,
-1.201171875,
-0.59765625,
0.2836914062,
-0.3740234375,
-0.1977539062,
0.884765625,
-0.2346191406,
0.5400390625,
-0.9311523438,
-0.560546875,
-0.8481445312,
0.6513671875,
0.6875,
-0.1744384766,
-0.5063476562,
-0.8432617188,
-0.6103515625,
1.0849609375,
0.019744873,
-0.8911132812,
-0.0911865234,
0.5864257812,
-0.1984863281,
0.7109375,
0.0983886719,
0.8759765625,
0.1359863281,
-1.08984375,
0.5874023438,
0.88671875,
0.2854003906,
0.2368164062,
0.9272460938,
-0.3752441406,
-0.2521972656,
-0.0486450195,
0.40625,
-0.1109008789,
0.6665039062,
-0.84375,
-0.3208007812,
-0.0542297363,
-0.1583251953,
0.2395019531,
0.38671875,
0.435546875,
-0.2094726562,
-0.0389709473,
-0.7895507812,
0.9443359375,
0.1225585938,
-0.0519714355,
-0.4689941406,
-0.6342773438,
0.6328125,
0.9658203125,
0.3776855469,
-0.5966796875,
1.115234375,
-0.5356445312,
0.5078125,
-0.0906982422,
0.1943359375,
-0.6474609375,
0.0848999023,
0.5092773438,
0.0826416016,
-0.4755859375,
-0.1696777344,
-1.9482421875,
-0.2880859375,
0.2398681641,
0.1995849609,
0.5053710938,
-1.4169921875,
-0.4091796875,
0.054107666,
-0.2707519531,
-0.4174804688,
-0.1756591797,
0.2741699219,
-1.2021484375,
0.0341491699,
-0.2426757812,
0.55859375,
-0.3115234375,
-1.3857421875,
-0.0513305664,
-0.884765625,
-0.2253417969,
-0.556640625,
0.623046875,
0.341796875,
0.5668945312,
0.0361633301,
-0.263671875,
0.2301025391,
0.8842773438,
-0.1311035156,
0.3208007812,
0.1342773438,
0.59375,
0.4890136719,
-0.5434570312,
0.5913085938,
0.3139648438,
-0.4013671875,
-0.1602783203,
-0.1072387695,
0.6489257812,
-0.0226287842,
0.4279785156,
-0.9594726562,
-0.982421875,
-0.2524414062,
-1.1337890625,
0.7236328125,
-0.0308227539,
0.861328125,
-0.0582580566,
0.5810546875,
0.4150390625,
-1.759765625,
-0.9526367188,
0.0265350342,
-0.2467041016,
0.1397705078,
0.2844238281,
-0.3798828125,
0.1067504883,
-0.18359375,
0.6791992188,
-0.2247314453,
-1.23046875,
-0.5571289062,
-0.4077148438,
-0.6577148438,
-0.083190918,
0.2915039062,
-0.5029296875,
-0.1017456055,
-0.6811523438,
1.015625,
0.9809570312,
0.6694335938,
-0.1668701172,
-0.6733398438,
-0.0223846436,
0.646484375,
-1.13671875,
-0.0081481934,
0.4108886719,
0.3220214844,
-0.611328125,
-12.453125,
0.3234863281,
0.5322265625,
-0.7021484375,
-1.0458984375,
-0.1147460938,
0.9799804688,
-1.537109375,
0.0836181641,
-0.9057617188,
-0.1202392578,
1.7060546875,
-0.9287109375,
-0.0207977295,
-1.1103515625,
-0.8828125,
-1.2080078125,
-0.6313476562,
0.0097503662,
-0.4406738281,
-0.1319580078,
0.0615539551,
-0.2008056641,
-0.0325927734,
-0.1306152344,
0.1158447266,
0.3469238281,
-0.5258789062,
-0.8432617188,
-0.2758789062,
0.1312255859,
-0.1646728516,
-0.6596679688,
0.2778320312,
0.0476074219,
0.7397460938,
0.2783203125,
0.3237304688,
-0.1527099609,
0.0433044434,
-0.0389404297,
0.1906738281,
-0.3486328125,
1.3681640625,
-0.6762695312,
0.0300750732,
-0.0790405273,
-0.2404785156,
-0.0729370117,
-0.28515625,
-0.6665039062,
1.3505859375,
0.8334960938,
0.205078125,
-0.8393554688,
-0.5346679688,
-1.1044921875,
0.0603637695,
0.0872802734,
0.3908691406,
0.1569824219,
-0.5400390625,
0.5200195312,
0.3540039062,
-0.6127929688,
-0.51953125,
-0.775390625,
-0.8862304688,
-0.1638183594,
-0.4858398438,
-0.0404052734,
-0.8022460938,
0.3068847656,
-0.8500976562,
0.8403320312,
0.583984375,
-0.8364257812,
-1.392578125,
-0.4250488281,
-0.1221923828,
-0.84375,
-0.6889648438
] |
W.; G. W. T.)
For a current list of his works see A. Bertolacci (2006) and D. Gutas (2014) in the section "Philosophy". Avicenne: Réfutation de l'astrologie. Edition et traduction du texte arabe, introduction, notes et lexique par Yahya Michot. Préface d'Elizabeth Teissier (Beirut-Paris: Albouraq, 2006) . William E. Gohlam (ed. ), The Life of Ibn Sina. A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation, Albany, State of New York University Press, 1974. For Ibn Sina's life, see Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary, translated by de Slane (1842); F. Wüstenfeld's Geschichte der arabischen Aerzte und Naturforscher (Göttingen, 1840). Madelung, Wilferd and Toby Mayer (ed. and tr. ), Struggling with the Philosopher: A Refutation of Avicenna's Metaphysics. A New Arabic Edition and English Translation of Shahrastani's Kitab al-Musara'a. Secondary literature
This is, on the whole, an informed and good account of the life and accomplishments of one of the greatest influences on the development of thought both Eastern and Western. ... It is not as philosophically thorough as the works of D. Saliba, A.M. Goichon, or L. Gardet, but it is probably the best essay in English on this important thinker of the Middle Ages. (Julius R. Weinberg, The Philosophical Review, Vol. 69, No. 2, Apr. 1960, pp. | [
0.4787597656,
-0.3872070312,
0.1507568359,
-0.6943359375,
0.0665893555,
0.517578125,
0.3515625,
0.5844726562,
-1.416015625,
0.4331054688,
-0.0853271484,
-0.0044021606,
-0.416015625,
-0.2156982422,
-0.2014160156,
-0.1926269531,
-0.3764648438,
-0.1799316406,
0.1451416016,
0.2998046875,
-0.0413513184,
-0.7153320312,
-0.2524414062,
-0.7592773438,
-0.6943359375,
-0.4113769531,
-0.5283203125,
-0.0394592285,
-0.63671875,
0.681640625,
0.646484375,
0.4750976562,
0.4677734375,
-1.296875,
-0.3122558594,
0.3107910156,
-0.0020332336,
-1.39453125,
-0.4716796875,
0.2376708984,
-1.0693359375,
0.2366943359,
-0.8212890625,
0.9438476562,
0.4274902344,
0.4450683594,
-0.546875,
-0.1710205078,
-0.0528869629,
-0.6909179688,
-0.9995117188,
0.3774414062,
-0.1233520508,
-0.5649414062,
-0.0291442871,
-1.0849609375,
0.4189453125,
-0.8754882812,
-0.3959960938,
-0.9599609375,
-0.4868164062,
-0.4262695312,
1.01953125,
-0.5815429688,
0.8002929688,
-0.7709960938,
-1.212890625,
-0.6767578125,
0.408203125,
0.548828125,
-0.9365234375,
0.5009765625,
-0.6118164062,
-0.0911254883,
-0.779296875,
-0.1536865234,
0.01902771,
1.2431640625,
-0.0649414062,
-0.1616210938,
-0.1618652344,
-0.3234863281,
-0.3439941406,
-0.875,
-0.68359375,
0.7280273438,
0.6938476562,
0.6459960938,
-0.2951660156,
0.078125,
0.7958984375,
0.0419921875,
-0.6069335938,
-0.3452148438,
0.6831054688,
0.5654296875,
0.1249389648,
-1.2578125,
-0.8637695312,
-0.900390625,
-1.126953125,
-0.4460449219,
-0.3344726562,
0.5068359375,
0.0596008301,
0.626953125,
-0.6206054688,
0.638671875,
-0.6518554688,
0.2822265625,
-0.0632324219,
-0.0155410767,
0.4450683594,
0.7456054688,
0.0930175781,
-0.7299804688,
-0.4135742188,
0.0896606445,
0.1342773438,
-0.1317138672,
-0.2705078125,
-0.1811523438,
-0.0819702148,
0.7587890625,
1.138671875,
-0.0430908203,
-0.4421386719,
0.4575195312,
0.2442626953,
0.1505126953,
-0.1258544922,
-0.0367736816,
-0.8071289062,
0.3583984375,
-0.5825195312,
-0.8715820312,
-0.2399902344,
-0.1688232422,
-0.4567871094,
1.171875,
-0.5810546875,
0.5205078125,
-1.501953125,
0.4470214844,
-0.2349853516,
-0.6625976562,
1.2900390625,
1.12109375,
-0.6982421875,
-0.2648925781,
0.3959960938,
-0.24609375,
0.9223632812,
-0.3813476562,
-0.0338745117,
-0.1085205078,
-0.31640625,
-0.4807128906,
-0.1126708984,
-0.4250488281,
-0.1555175781,
0.5463867188,
-0.64453125,
0.6772460938,
-0.0994873047,
1.5625,
-0.974609375,
0.6254882812,
0.458984375,
0.2045898438,
-1.2138671875,
0.537109375,
-0.3527832031,
-0.0528869629,
0.6147460938,
-1.2060546875,
0.5263671875,
0.2912597656,
0.0803833008,
-0.0244750977,
0.0281219482,
-1.150390625,
-0.3422851562,
-0.7114257812,
-0.0722045898,
0.2712402344,
0.4711914062,
-0.3198242188,
-0.1574707031,
-0.6396484375,
-0.5288085938,
-0.0643310547,
0.7651367188,
-0.6967773438,
-1.5029296875,
-1.1318359375,
0.4428710938,
0.8969726562,
-0.4733886719,
-0.6762695312,
-0.2320556641,
1.2822265625,
0.1685791016,
0.3093261719,
0.3464355469,
0.91015625,
0.400390625,
0.120300293,
-0.4057617188,
-0.609375,
-0.2849121094,
0.6801757812,
0.3452148438,
0.0997314453,
0.7104492188,
0.6118164062,
-0.2257080078,
-0.5415039062,
0.6015625,
-0.4885253906,
-0.2680664062,
-0.1778564453,
-0.568359375,
0.1641845703,
-0.5810546875,
0.4436035156,
0.002696991,
0.8559570312,
0.5727539062,
0.8911132812,
0.2702636719,
0.1207885742,
-1.4453125,
0.580078125,
0.6469726562,
-1.26171875,
0.0247039795,
0.5693359375,
1.0244140625,
0.8876953125,
0.52734375,
0.2705078125,
0.5834960938,
-0.8818359375,
0.0576171875,
0.9345703125,
-0.083984375,
0.796875,
0.6333007812,
0.4409179688,
1.65234375,
0.85546875,
-0.486328125,
-0.1715087891,
-0.50390625,
-0.3256835938,
-0.1623535156,
1.1806640625,
0.30078125,
0.1953125,
0.4213867188,
-0.0822143555,
0.8784179688,
-0.0291442871,
-0.4682617188,
0.4252929688,
-0.7626953125,
-0.0538024902,
0.8002929688,
0.0244903564,
0.7963867188,
-0.4006347656,
-0.71484375,
-1.107421875,
1.0908203125,
-0.1944580078,
0.6752929688,
-0.8364257812,
-0.6123046875,
0.38671875,
-0.3591308594,
-0.0266113281,
0.4809570312,
-0.767578125,
0.935546875,
-0.1505126953,
-0.0893554688,
0.4685058594,
1.5234375,
-1.078125,
-0.0971069336,
-0.5092773438,
-0.6630859375,
0.1154785156,
0.1971435547,
0.8071289062,
-0.1854248047,
0.974609375,
0.8559570312,
0.1628417969,
0.1057128906,
0.9077148438,
0.2048339844,
-0.2595214844,
0.9223632812,
0.3288574219,
-0.4777832031,
0.3015136719,
0.3469238281,
0.7299804688,
-0.4177246094,
-0.2360839844,
-0.5141601562,
-0.2330322266,
-1.03125,
-0.4653320312,
-0.568359375,
0.0090408325,
-0.1450195312,
0.1402587891,
0.265625,
-0.5737304688,
0.2922363281,
-0.1754150391,
-0.9624023438,
0.4587402344,
-1.58984375,
-1.078125,
0.5078125,
-0.3757324219,
0.5385742188,
0.2231445312,
0.1295166016,
0.8247070312,
1.408203125,
-0.120300293,
0.2290039062,
0.0039596558,
-0.3337402344,
0.1716308594,
0.1031494141,
0.626953125,
0.0485229492,
0.1805419922,
0.0337524414,
0.654296875,
-0.5629882812,
-0.018371582,
-0.1788330078,
0.0854492188,
0.7021484375,
0.1507568359,
-1.2587890625,
-0.353515625,
1.05859375,
0.4221191406,
-0.0010232925,
0.4743652344,
-0.9833984375,
0.9013671875,
-0.0158538818,
0.1174926758,
-1.4326171875,
0.3271484375,
-0.3154296875,
-0.5107421875,
-0.9506835938,
-0.0504150391,
0.001121521,
0.7529296875,
0.0496520996,
-0.8295898438,
-1.1162109375,
-0.2844238281,
-0.6440429688,
-0.3132324219,
-0.5405273438,
0.58984375,
-0.4587402344,
-0.0785522461,
0.4240722656,
-1.15234375,
-0.6811523438,
0.0452270508,
0.4267578125,
0.1920166016,
-0.3955078125,
0.1922607422,
-0.7866210938,
0.2095947266,
0.6762695312,
0.6850585938,
0.2368164062,
0.3732910156,
0.4702148438,
0.3327636719,
1.3681640625,
-0.0154876709,
-0.0141143799,
1.3291015625,
-0.2829589844,
0.0906982422,
-0.5961914062,
0.0802612305,
-0.1516113281,
0.5205078125,
1.748046875,
-0.9174804688,
0.4992675781,
0.2822265625,
0.3212890625,
-0.876953125,
0.2233886719,
0.306640625,
-0.2907714844,
-0.1206054688,
-0.0701293945,
0.1752929688,
1.0498046875,
0.4658203125,
-0.3376464844,
-0.1047973633,
-0.7348632812,
0.0075950623,
0.4291992188,
0.8203125,
0.6147460938,
-0.1245727539,
0.3659667969,
-1.5703125,
-0.3315429688,
-0.3225097656,
-0.1112670898,
0.0041122437,
0.3842773438,
0.79296875,
0.0201263428,
-0.4372558594,
0.3291015625,
-0.1617431641,
-0.2456054688,
0.1363525391,
-0.873046875,
1.408203125,
1.185546875,
0.8139648438,
-0.3032226562,
-1.2822265625,
0.0369262695,
-0.6806640625,
-0.0933227539,
-0.6630859375,
1.4052734375,
0.2521972656,
0.2944335938,
0.2156982422,
0.2954101562,
-0.3532714844,
-0.2216796875,
0.2768554688,
1.1376953125,
0.0899658203,
-0.7729492188,
-0.6928710938,
0.0906982422,
-0.7973632812,
-1.1455078125,
0.2976074219,
0.3989257812,
0.3884277344,
-0.1569824219,
-0.3869628906,
-0.6977539062,
0.5180664062,
-0.0244140625,
-0.2369384766,
0.2727050781,
1.2939453125,
-0.52734375,
-0.7553710938,
0.2607421875,
0.4816894531,
-0.8022460938,
0.4047851562,
0.0113220215,
0.4177246094,
-0.9838867188,
-0.5971679688,
-0.0532226562,
-1.318359375,
-0.96484375,
0.970703125,
-0.6240234375,
0.1748046875,
-0.33203125,
-0.3278808594,
-0.7465820312,
-0.3591308594,
-0.8232421875,
0.3444824219,
-0.3029785156,
-0.7001953125,
-0.7104492188,
-0.096862793,
-0.4982910156,
0.8671875,
-0.2807617188,
-0.3454589844,
0.630859375,
0.6396484375,
-0.6025390625,
-0.3876953125,
1.5556640625,
-0.1831054688,
0.1502685547,
0.1934814453,
-0.92578125,
-0.4299316406,
0.1984863281,
-0.21875,
0.6040039062,
0.053527832,
0.1297607422,
-0.546875,
-0.8364257812,
-0.4741210938,
0.1468505859,
-0.3403320312,
0.669921875,
-0.3952636719,
0.3889160156,
-0.6108398438,
-0.0366516113,
-0.59765625,
-0.1701660156,
-0.6362304688,
0.4169921875,
1.2666015625,
0.1429443359,
1.1044921875,
0.6801757812,
-0.5737304688,
1.0263671875,
0.3100585938,
0.4699707031,
0.7705078125,
0.7749023438,
0.28125,
0.40625,
-0.1579589844,
0.51953125,
-0.4521484375,
-0.1632080078,
0.5493164062,
-0.0961303711,
0.3225097656,
-0.6196289062,
-0.4169921875,
0.2008056641,
-0.6245117188,
-0.4001464844,
-0.6005859375,
-0.1384277344,
0.3627929688,
0.2476806641,
0.9194335938,
0.388671875,
0.2502441406,
-0.4377441406,
-0.8227539062,
-0.505859375,
-0.1319580078,
0.6752929688,
1.10546875,
0.1285400391,
-0.1395263672,
-0.0076026917,
0.0994873047,
-0.2856445312,
0.4990234375,
-0.5815429688,
0.1359863281,
-0.0743408203,
-1.373046875,
0.4838867188,
0.8549804688,
1.173828125,
-0.9702148438,
-0.6274414062,
-0.7719726562,
-0.5083007812,
-0.8828125,
0.3095703125,
0.1977539062,
0.4575195312,
0.3288574219,
-1.82421875,
-0.5610351562,
0.1055297852,
0.4680175781,
0.2434082031,
-0.0129776001,
1.595703125,
1.330078125,
1.0732421875,
-0.0847167969,
-0.4543457031,
1.4814453125,
-0.4926757812,
0.69921875,
0.9428710938,
0.37109375,
0.0916748047,
0.5649414062,
0.6826171875,
0.6118164062,
-0.1705322266,
0.1904296875,
-0.1408691406,
-1.4619140625,
0.4294433594,
0.8784179688,
0.1087036133,
-0.0412597656,
0.5444335938,
-0.1595458984,
-0.1661376953,
0.4108886719,
-0.4270019531,
-0.7719726562,
0.3481445312,
-0.05078125,
0.2019042969,
-0.3664550781,
-0.3757324219,
0.1801757812,
-0.8139648438,
1.5712890625,
0.1729736328,
1.7548828125,
0.7514648438,
-1.0986328125,
0.1193847656,
-1.07421875,
0.2352294922,
-0.5131835938,
-0.4267578125,
0.0762329102,
-1.55078125,
-0.106262207,
0.56640625,
-0.1278076172,
0.3166503906,
-0.0527954102,
-0.3322753906,
-0.384765625,
0.1263427734,
-1.1748046875,
1.2431640625,
-0.2839355469,
0.1630859375,
0.2293701172,
-0.8139648438,
-0.693359375,
-0.096862793,
-0.4064941406,
-0.1925048828,
-0.0023193359,
-0.5756835938,
0.1094970703,
-0.078125,
-0.54296875,
-0.2462158203,
0.5732421875,
-0.142578125,
0.76953125,
0.6450195312,
0.3349609375,
0.853515625,
0.572265625,
0.0827026367,
-0.3659667969,
-0.658203125,
0.4353027344,
0.8798828125,
-0.3095703125,
0.3884277344,
0.0762329102,
0.0035858154,
-0.1689453125,
-0.2174072266,
-0.3125,
-0.9130859375,
-0.0631103516,
-0.4702148438,
-1.599609375,
-0.0081329346,
0.478515625,
-0.1553955078,
-0.560546875,
0.6591796875,
-0.3508300781,
-1.2685546875,
-0.9501953125,
-0.0843505859,
-0.0497131348,
-0.400390625,
-0.0170440674,
0.1275634766,
0.0322265625,
-0.9033203125,
0.4587402344,
0.9448242188,
-0.80078125,
-1.244140625,
-0.31640625,
-1.1474609375,
-0.4909667969,
0.4992675781,
-0.4799804688,
0.0233306885,
1.2470703125,
0.8520507812,
0.2271728516,
0.1059570312,
-0.3251953125,
-0.1114501953,
-0.6743164062,
-0.4060058594,
-0.0751953125,
0.1804199219,
-1.052734375,
-0.3781738281,
-0.0643920898,
-0.8212890625,
0.4401855469,
0.3461914062,
1.0224609375,
0.4724121094,
0.3415527344,
0.2330322266,
-0.4128417969,
0.5698242188,
0.4826660156,
-0.071105957,
-0.1782226562,
1.3212890625,
0.71875,
-0.6474609375,
-1.5625,
-1.50390625,
-0.5444335938,
-0.6982421875,
0.2213134766,
-0.1123046875,
-0.7993164062,
-0.2958984375,
-0.86328125,
0.1428222656,
1.0712890625,
-0.8334960938,
0.5048828125,
0.3212890625,
1.0205078125,
-0.103515625,
-0.1032714844,
0.0084457397,
0.626953125,
0.6293945312,
1.3984375,
-0.4768066406,
1.478515625,
-0.154296875,
-0.771484375,
-0.0997924805,
-0.6044921875,
0.43359375,
-0.4753417969,
-0.1741943359,
-0.2805175781,
-0.3269042969,
0.4050292969,
-0.3803710938,
1.1044921875,
-0.6411132812,
-0.0492248535,
0.2489013672,
-0.9252929688,
-1.2744140625,
-0.2159423828,
-0.2200927734,
-0.1690673828,
0.6010742188,
0.435546875,
-0.7563476562,
0.032043457,
0.7905273438,
-0.1654052734,
0.6474609375,
-0.0458068848,
0.9594726562,
0.4616699219,
0.6440429688,
0.1833496094,
-1.095703125,
0.7924804688,
0.6689453125,
-1.021484375,
0.122253418,
0.5590820312,
0.1806640625,
0.8276367188,
0.9169921875,
0.5087890625,
0.3591308594,
-0.7548828125,
-0.1689453125,
0.3386230469,
-0.6474609375,
0.4641113281,
0.4819335938,
-0.7294921875,
0.453125,
-0.2484130859,
-0.0173492432,
0.0058631897,
-0.1495361328,
-0.7993164062,
-0.4255371094,
0.1270751953,
0.3061523438,
0.8862304688,
-0.0357666016,
0.1076049805,
-0.2275390625,
0.4624023438,
-0.3137207031,
0.6977539062,
-0.7563476562,
-0.533203125,
-0.2814941406,
-0.5961914062,
0.2849121094,
0.0793457031,
0.0256347656,
0.2290039062,
0.4448242188,
-1.26171875,
0.7778320312,
0.3161621094,
0.3823242188,
-0.2447509766,
-0.5551757812,
-0.3962402344,
0.2115478516,
-1.443359375,
-0.1364746094,
-2.416015625,
0.1071777344,
0.0661621094,
-0.32421875,
0.0350341797,
-1.068359375,
-0.736328125,
0.5249023438,
-0.1762695312,
0.8334960938,
-0.0507507324,
0.5932617188,
-0.6215820312,
0.4509277344,
-0.9584960938,
-0.5380859375,
-0.3547363281,
-0.5395507812,
-0.1417236328,
-0.8627929688,
-0.1439208984,
-0.3513183594,
0.5375976562,
-0.2607421875,
0.0881347656,
-0.0374755859,
-0.3630371094,
-0.3464355469,
0.4367675781,
0.5434570312,
-0.5874023438,
0.2058105469,
-0.3176269531,
0.2983398438,
0.0519104004,
0.4633789062,
0.0512390137,
0.0823974609,
-0.1178588867,
-0.1354980469,
-1.125,
-0.1143188477,
0.83203125,
-0.41796875,
-0.6743164062,
-0.1776123047,
-0.3664550781,
0.4169921875,
0.2424316406,
0.541015625,
0.4116210938,
0.6723632812,
0.3317871094,
-1.462890625,
-0.6000976562,
0.3579101562,
-0.7080078125,
0.1348876953,
0.9599609375,
1.33984375,
-0.1361083984,
-0.5493164062,
0.8276367188,
-0.6440429688,
0.1257324219,
-0.673828125,
-0.68359375,
-1.4716796875,
-0.3562011719,
0.1020507812,
-0.1943359375,
0.2374267578,
0.6293945312,
1.2548828125,
0.3198242188,
-0.5205078125,
-0.322265625,
0.2993164062,
0.1019897461,
-0.0667114258,
-0.5454101562,
-0.094909668,
0.8041992188,
0.0719604492,
-1.3251953125,
-12.671875,
-1.0126953125,
-0.0577087402,
-0.185546875,
-0.8793945312,
-0.0565490723,
0.7934570312,
-1.3564453125,
-0.2139892578,
-0.1094360352,
0.4143066406,
1.037109375,
-1.3232421875,
0.096862793,
-0.4489746094,
-0.5590820312,
-1.30859375,
-0.5971679688,
0.2797851562,
0.0079498291,
0.1888427734,
1.01171875,
-0.2724609375,
-0.55078125,
0.0933227539,
0.6147460938,
0.6123046875,
-0.7734375,
-0.7338867188,
0.7211914062,
1.0087890625,
-0.2802734375,
-0.3840332031,
1.0859375,
-0.2348632812,
1.5078125,
0.2944335938,
1.2119140625,
0.5986328125,
0.1128540039,
-0.1260986328,
0.1787109375,
-0.0073204041,
0.4953613281,
0.4758300781,
0.5556640625,
0.90625,
-0.0469970703,
0.650390625,
0.1086425781,
-1.607421875,
0.3732910156,
0.4130859375,
-0.4294433594,
-1.095703125,
-0.888671875,
-1.283203125,
0.5600585938,
-0.1818847656,
0.794921875,
-1.5400390625,
-0.8178710938,
0.2054443359,
-0.2514648438,
0.2768554688,
-0.955078125,
-0.87890625,
-0.9829101562,
-1.6962890625,
-0.1690673828,
0.1297607422,
-0.3930664062,
1.1005859375,
-0.1436767578,
0.8959960938,
0.3474121094,
-0.6337890625,
-0.9301757812,
-1.34375,
0.3820800781,
-0.8017578125,
-0.0844726562
] |
255–259)
This is a distinguished work which stands out from, and above, many of the books and articles which have been written in this century on Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) (980–1037). It has two main features on which its distinction as a major contribution to Avicennan studies may be said to rest: the first is its clarity and readability; the second is the comparative approach adopted by the author. ... (Ian Richard Netton, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, Vol. 4, No. 2, July 1994, pp. 263–264)
Y.T. Langermann (ed. ), Avicenna and his Legacy. A Golden Age of Science and Philosophy, Brepols Publishers, 2010,
For a new understanding of his early career, based on a newly discovered text, see also: Michot, Yahya, Ibn Sînâ: Lettre au vizir Abû Sa'd. Editio princeps d'après le manuscrit de Bursa, traduction de l'arabe, introduction, notes et lexique (Beirut-Paris: Albouraq, 2000) . This German publication is both one of the most comprehensive general introductions to the life and works of the philosopher and physician Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā, d. 1037) and an extensive and careful survey of his contribution to the history of science. Its author is a renowned expert in Greek and Arabic medicine who has paid considerable attention to Avicenna in his recent studies. ... (Amos Bertolacci, Isis, Vol. 96, No. 4, December 2005, p. 649)
Shaikh al Rais Ibn Sina (Special number) 1958–59, Ed. | [
0.4357910156,
-0.552734375,
1.0078125,
0.4211425781,
-0.0481567383,
0.1182861328,
0.29296875,
0.0993041992,
-0.6962890625,
0.1293945312,
0.2687988281,
1.212890625,
0.020980835,
-0.314453125,
0.3952636719,
0.1030273438,
0.0681762695,
0.5932617188,
-0.0895996094,
0.0339660645,
-0.4953613281,
-0.3696289062,
-0.1840820312,
-1.0693359375,
-0.7260742188,
0.2790527344,
-0.2216796875,
-0.1634521484,
-0.0222930908,
0.40625,
0.6547851562,
0.3725585938,
-0.1213378906,
-0.8671875,
-0.1627197266,
-0.0134124756,
-0.3608398438,
-0.6665039062,
-0.4262695312,
-0.1457519531,
-1.8095703125,
-0.2292480469,
-0.6494140625,
0.0842285156,
1.4521484375,
0.208984375,
0.2524414062,
-0.4150390625,
-0.7739257812,
-1.4296875,
-0.3747558594,
0.2824707031,
-0.1557617188,
0.0448303223,
-0.1507568359,
-0.3586425781,
0.3771972656,
-1.4189453125,
-0.1511230469,
-0.9291992188,
-0.248046875,
-0.5717773438,
0.7211914062,
-0.58203125,
0.80859375,
-1.0546875,
-0.724609375,
-1.01171875,
0.4587402344,
0.1162719727,
-0.6635742188,
1.166015625,
-0.521484375,
0.1822509766,
-0.0500183105,
-0.0315856934,
0.2305908203,
0.3137207031,
0.0160675049,
-0.3591308594,
-0.3911132812,
-0.4226074219,
-0.7885742188,
-1.015625,
0.5341796875,
0.794921875,
0.7875976562,
-0.0910644531,
-0.7338867188,
0.98828125,
0.62890625,
0.2604980469,
-0.5703125,
-0.011138916,
0.7573242188,
0.3193359375,
0.26171875,
-1.376953125,
-0.2939453125,
-0.3034667969,
-0.9873046875,
-1.6923828125,
-0.2412109375,
-0.7236328125,
0.5668945312,
0.7592773438,
-0.4665527344,
-0.3532714844,
-0.8120117188,
-0.2314453125,
-0.1369628906,
0.0743408203,
0.3569335938,
0.583984375,
-0.2971191406,
-0.4458007812,
-0.0100402832,
0.1148071289,
0.2115478516,
0.0484924316,
-0.673828125,
0.4543457031,
-0.4699707031,
-0.0131912231,
0.4392089844,
-0.2514648438,
-1.052734375,
0.8354492188,
0.0282440186,
0.0469970703,
-0.0089035034,
-0.0966186523,
-0.0265197754,
0.1442871094,
0.5014648438,
-0.64453125,
-0.4421386719,
-0.0455932617,
-0.2448730469,
1.107421875,
-0.6254882812,
0.4565429688,
-0.916015625,
0.6010742188,
0.1525878906,
-0.1566162109,
0.1169433594,
0.4592285156,
-0.2130126953,
-0.501953125,
0.3107910156,
-0.4797363281,
0.3815917969,
0.3977050781,
0.2067871094,
-0.0015869141,
-0.2814941406,
-0.53515625,
-0.6494140625,
0.4865722656,
0.1231079102,
0.1759033203,
-0.6948242188,
0.2971191406,
-0.3725585938,
1.4482421875,
-1.33984375,
-0.0034389496,
0.8525390625,
-0.0411071777,
-1.65625,
0.9033203125,
0.103515625,
-0.4345703125,
1.1904296875,
-0.3835449219,
0.6494140625,
0.6787109375,
0.0986328125,
-0.61328125,
0.2198486328,
-1.5732421875,
0.1895751953,
-0.0816650391,
0.2416992188,
0.0512695312,
0.3928222656,
-0.3173828125,
0.0221405029,
-0.1375732422,
0.1801757812,
0.4970703125,
0.2127685547,
-0.5805664062,
-1.32421875,
-0.9575195312,
0.32421875,
0.8764648438,
-0.1298828125,
-0.3120117188,
0.1226806641,
0.724609375,
0.0187683105,
-0.25390625,
0.3083496094,
0.1719970703,
0.5434570312,
0.4704589844,
0.5048828125,
0.3994140625,
-0.2229003906,
1.1259765625,
0.0816040039,
-0.0816040039,
-0.8701171875,
0.2939453125,
-0.065246582,
-0.8500976562,
0.3774414062,
-0.509765625,
-0.2712402344,
-0.3605957031,
-1.2021484375,
-0.3283691406,
-1.1728515625,
0.1872558594,
-0.1123046875,
1.4345703125,
0.6352539062,
1.0556640625,
0.810546875,
0.1572265625,
-1.26171875,
0.5078125,
0.2462158203,
-0.1240844727,
0.3322753906,
-0.1896972656,
0.6118164062,
-0.5200195312,
0.6162109375,
-0.3486328125,
0.337890625,
-0.9438476562,
0.564453125,
1.29296875,
0.7509765625,
0.2668457031,
1.4501953125,
0.0878295898,
1.2490234375,
0.8510742188,
-0.5688476562,
0.3220214844,
-0.3217773438,
-0.4187011719,
0.1235351562,
0.2739257812,
0.5249023438,
0.1258544922,
-0.6762695312,
0.1689453125,
0.7998046875,
0.2307128906,
-0.1927490234,
0.114074707,
-0.6416015625,
-0.2758789062,
0.7880859375,
-0.1278076172,
0.4240722656,
0.2393798828,
-0.2902832031,
-0.7670898438,
1.060546875,
-0.556640625,
0.6391601562,
-0.5737304688,
-0.5439453125,
0.4743652344,
-0.2027587891,
-0.2888183594,
0.9750976562,
-0.5751953125,
0.6479492188,
-0.4069824219,
0.1954345703,
1.451171875,
1.08203125,
-1.3388671875,
-0.1844482422,
-0.3505859375,
-0.1934814453,
-0.2834472656,
0.3000488281,
0.7036132812,
0.0889892578,
0.2641601562,
0.4943847656,
-0.1666259766,
0.6572265625,
0.7006835938,
-0.0621643066,
0.5146484375,
0.6108398438,
0.2481689453,
-0.6030273438,
0.1519775391,
-0.5478515625,
0.6772460938,
-0.1948242188,
0.0614013672,
-0.6909179688,
-0.1248779297,
-1.259765625,
0.020904541,
-1.3369140625,
0.0508117676,
-0.2023925781,
0.0648193359,
-0.54296875,
-0.6333007812,
0.1194458008,
0.3356933594,
-0.8779296875,
0.0249328613,
-0.6884765625,
-0.7509765625,
0.8076171875,
-0.6313476562,
0.4580078125,
0.7016601562,
0.2150878906,
0.3784179688,
1.21875,
0.0244293213,
0.580078125,
0.1307373047,
-0.2355957031,
0.4809570312,
0.7221679688,
0.4755859375,
0.1115722656,
-0.0798339844,
-0.0502929688,
0.80859375,
-0.5043945312,
0.2705078125,
-0.1905517578,
-0.0918579102,
0.0316162109,
-0.3813476562,
-0.8110351562,
-0.337890625,
0.6630859375,
0.0305328369,
-0.1241455078,
0.2924804688,
-0.3117675781,
0.3081054688,
-0.4204101562,
0.0015888214,
-1.396484375,
0.4436035156,
-0.1563720703,
-0.955078125,
-0.8188476562,
-0.7895507812,
0.0953369141,
0.9829101562,
0.2106933594,
-1.1015625,
-0.896484375,
-0.5600585938,
0.1442871094,
-0.061126709,
-0.357421875,
0.5083007812,
-0.3664550781,
-0.1970214844,
0.2027587891,
-0.1024169922,
-1.1416015625,
-0.216796875,
0.5595703125,
-0.085144043,
-0.3684082031,
0.841796875,
-0.6889648438,
0.6064453125,
0.5649414062,
0.4343261719,
0.3562011719,
-0.2641601562,
-0.1511230469,
-0.5463867188,
0.7138671875,
-0.7641601562,
-0.2670898438,
1.0986328125,
-0.1712646484,
-0.0688476562,
-1.005859375,
-0.0021362305,
0.3510742188,
-0.5219726562,
2.134765625,
-0.6889648438,
0.1944580078,
0.0676879883,
0.162109375,
0.0425109863,
0.4270019531,
0.140625,
-0.1488037109,
-0.0831298828,
-0.6840820312,
0.0792236328,
0.2069091797,
-0.2435302734,
0.0537109375,
-0.0202178955,
-0.0136871338,
0.2032470703,
0.6831054688,
0.4487304688,
0.240234375,
0.0056343079,
0.0680541992,
-0.8515625,
-0.7045898438,
0.0198822021,
0.2072753906,
0.3269042969,
-0.037689209,
-0.2993164062,
-0.2337646484,
-0.3205566406,
0.4072265625,
-0.1711425781,
0.0469970703,
0.5258789062,
-0.4855957031,
1.2578125,
0.9033203125,
1.37109375,
0.2868652344,
-0.3854980469,
-0.4921875,
-0.6552734375,
-1.0869140625,
0.2261962891,
1.509765625,
0.3557128906,
0.5078125,
-0.0385437012,
0.4870605469,
-0.6411132812,
-0.2875976562,
0.7377929688,
1.162109375,
-0.2364501953,
-0.3303222656,
0.1483154297,
0.310546875,
-1.8095703125,
-0.4614257812,
0.3784179688,
-0.4841308594,
0.1087646484,
-0.2062988281,
-0.6997070312,
-0.6137695312,
-1.0009765625,
0.0893554688,
0.7216796875,
1.0322265625,
1.1337890625,
-0.1365966797,
0.0502624512,
0.6430664062,
0.1879882812,
-0.953125,
-0.1167602539,
-0.3532714844,
-0.1633300781,
0.3449707031,
-1.263671875,
0.6733398438,
-1.05078125,
-0.3774414062,
0.7885742188,
-0.7631835938,
0.4685058594,
0.1953125,
-0.3579101562,
0.14453125,
-0.24609375,
-0.8408203125,
-0.1468505859,
-0.4194335938,
-0.3330078125,
-0.2619628906,
0.051940918,
-0.4211425781,
1.27734375,
-0.6196289062,
-0.2570800781,
0.5146484375,
0.291015625,
-0.3547363281,
-0.7866210938,
1.65234375,
-0.83984375,
0.3132324219,
-0.794921875,
-0.0210418701,
-0.4282226562,
-0.2758789062,
0.2102050781,
0.4719238281,
0.2219238281,
0.2279052734,
-0.7080078125,
-0.9541015625,
-0.55078125,
0.0685424805,
-0.7016601562,
0.9189453125,
-0.791015625,
0.5146484375,
0.5258789062,
-0.09375,
-0.0578308105,
-0.4445800781,
-0.3232421875,
0.1149291992,
0.2580566406,
0.2915039062,
0.9809570312,
0.4489746094,
-0.7998046875,
0.6020507812,
0.3635253906,
1.4462890625,
-0.1357421875,
0.9243164062,
-0.3256835938,
0.6411132812,
-0.0478515625,
1.1630859375,
-0.1845703125,
-0.412109375,
-0.0543518066,
-0.0212249756,
0.3510742188,
-0.9365234375,
-0.2474365234,
0.4304199219,
-0.2592773438,
-0.4819335938,
-0.4089355469,
0.2381591797,
0.1669921875,
-0.1807861328,
0.681640625,
0.2486572266,
-0.763671875,
-0.8930664062,
-1.115234375,
-1.189453125,
0.3190917969,
0.701171875,
0.7202148438,
-0.6767578125,
-0.5424804688,
-0.6430664062,
-0.3872070312,
0.841796875,
0.330078125,
-0.91796875,
0.1334228516,
-0.560546875,
-2.037109375,
-0.3779296875,
0.1940917969,
0.7280273438,
-0.7485351562,
-0.9580078125,
-0.3312988281,
-0.6611328125,
-0.3610839844,
0.0090179443,
0.0258178711,
-0.1060180664,
0.2076416016,
-1.220703125,
-0.5131835938,
0.283203125,
0.1318359375,
0.5971679688,
-0.1049194336,
1.7197265625,
0.8232421875,
0.7602539062,
0.8422851562,
0.6928710938,
1.3603515625,
-0.4321289062,
0.5864257812,
1.2412109375,
0.34765625,
0.1387939453,
0.2763671875,
0.353515625,
0.2331542969,
-0.3459472656,
0.1339111328,
-0.3022460938,
-1.75,
-0.0915527344,
0.1842041016,
0.1276855469,
0.5688476562,
0.3669433594,
-0.4965820312,
-0.1557617188,
0.2700195312,
-0.1588134766,
-0.57421875,
0.2108154297,
-0.2897949219,
-0.2105712891,
0.0136566162,
-0.5068359375,
0.5302734375,
-0.8149414062,
1.5166015625,
0.1440429688,
1.1396484375,
0.2719726562,
-1.43359375,
-0.1517333984,
-1.1640625,
-0.043182373,
-0.7036132812,
0.48046875,
0.8227539062,
-1.1962890625,
-0.0104980469,
0.4184570312,
-0.0133514404,
0.5317382812,
0.2474365234,
-0.3461914062,
-0.7265625,
0.2626953125,
-0.6875,
1.9658203125,
-0.5747070312,
0.2819824219,
0.0743408203,
-0.1370849609,
-0.2866210938,
-0.6518554688,
-0.3303222656,
-0.2521972656,
-0.2197265625,
-0.4470214844,
0.1662597656,
0.4057617188,
-1.0849609375,
-0.6616210938,
0.9545898438,
0.0640258789,
1.3173828125,
0.1893310547,
0.0258483887,
0.7373046875,
1.07421875,
0.1953125,
0.0052871704,
0.1954345703,
0.2268066406,
-0.0144500732,
-0.66015625,
0.0223236084,
0.0787353516,
0.8994140625,
0.2144775391,
-0.2486572266,
-0.9604492188,
-0.2052001953,
-0.3354492188,
-0.2587890625,
-1.91015625,
0.2885742188,
0.3532714844,
-0.654296875,
0.4978027344,
0.2734375,
0.1453857422,
-1.28125,
-0.2802734375,
-0.134765625,
-0.1067504883,
-0.6665039062,
0.0775146484,
0.2165527344,
0.5444335938,
-1.265625,
-0.1638183594,
1.091796875,
-0.5439453125,
-0.1691894531,
0.3247070312,
-0.8779296875,
-0.7543945312,
-0.0342407227,
-0.4846191406,
-0.3999023438,
0.8090820312,
0.5517578125,
0.0387268066,
-0.6333007812,
0.1766357422,
0.3813476562,
-0.1090087891,
0.2512207031,
-0.4323730469,
0.2492675781,
-0.038482666,
-0.380859375,
-0.0750732422,
-0.2012939453,
-0.2421875,
0.0689697266,
0.3664550781,
0.029800415,
0.5107421875,
-0.3793945312,
-0.2927246094,
0.2705078125,
0.6909179688,
-0.1044311523,
0.1883544922,
1.248046875,
0.5854492188,
-0.2758789062,
-0.7661132812,
-0.2468261719,
0.2491455078,
-0.5034179688,
-0.4436035156,
-0.1033935547,
-0.7026367188,
-0.6611328125,
-1.3154296875,
-0.673828125,
0.853515625,
-0.1917724609,
0.2495117188,
0.0948486328,
-0.0880126953,
-0.2458496094,
-0.2856445312,
-0.0145111084,
0.4448242188,
0.4533691406,
0.869140625,
-0.2330322266,
0.6630859375,
-0.3430175781,
-1.134765625,
0.6342773438,
-0.650390625,
0.50390625,
-1.0703125,
-0.0008015633,
0.3125,
0.2076416016,
0.1473388672,
0.1733398438,
0.5908203125,
-0.8237304688,
0.6020507812,
-0.0015945435,
-0.421875,
-2.181640625,
-0.9370117188,
-0.2651367188,
0.3466796875,
0.1123046875,
0.7138671875,
0.0066566467,
0.6572265625,
0.0751342773,
-0.7578125,
0.0429382324,
-0.439453125,
0.1789550781,
0.6455078125,
-0.2622070312,
-0.8256835938,
-0.6625976562,
0.3325195312,
0.2712402344,
-0.6767578125,
0.1184692383,
1.169921875,
-0.7802734375,
1.2724609375,
-0.2983398438,
0.6020507812,
0.802734375,
-0.4897460938,
0.1693115234,
0.1056518555,
-0.0422058105,
0.4252929688,
0.5795898438,
-0.2495117188,
0.3901367188,
-0.2313232422,
0.8745117188,
-0.2120361328,
0.123046875,
-0.9038085938,
-0.7553710938,
-0.3293457031,
-0.4519042969,
0.78125,
0.2395019531,
-0.2917480469,
-0.4936523438,
0.7192382812,
0.2268066406,
0.4443359375,
-0.4689941406,
-0.2260742188,
0.0836791992,
-0.1783447266,
0.0626220703,
0.5786132812,
0.3452148438,
-0.1811523438,
0.4106445312,
-0.8735351562,
0.5341796875,
-0.4685058594,
0.6616210938,
-0.4689941406,
-0.2673339844,
-0.6635742188,
-0.2412109375,
-0.923828125,
-0.1674804688,
-2.1015625,
0.035736084,
-0.3837890625,
-0.0886230469,
0.7177734375,
-2.12890625,
-0.3662109375,
-0.3117675781,
0.1035766602,
0.3786621094,
-0.2094726562,
0.474609375,
0.1801757812,
0.58203125,
-0.9311523438,
0.283203125,
-0.4689941406,
-0.8374023438,
0.3898925781,
-0.5986328125,
-0.2602539062,
-0.3615722656,
0.3967285156,
0.4826660156,
0.4475097656,
-0.1555175781,
-1.0830078125,
0.1374511719,
0.2951660156,
0.2839355469,
-0.5859375,
-0.28515625,
0.019821167,
-0.6264648438,
0.0139465332,
1.0458984375,
0.2371826172,
0.8217773438,
-0.705078125,
-0.283203125,
-0.841796875,
0.5366210938,
0.2216796875,
-0.4404296875,
0.1978759766,
-0.2449951172,
0.4885253906,
-0.3305664062,
0.2932128906,
0.076171875,
0.2905273438,
0.8955078125,
0.1177368164,
-1.580078125,
-0.0308074951,
0.1854248047,
0.1918945312,
0.0904541016,
0.498046875,
0.4243164062,
0.3435058594,
0.1895751953,
0.9077148438,
-0.2565917969,
-0.7197265625,
-0.0077323914,
-1.6689453125,
-0.9091796875,
-0.0628662109,
-0.073425293,
-0.2178955078,
-0.4836425781,
1.458984375,
1.763671875,
-0.3366699219,
0.32421875,
-0.2744140625,
0.4711914062,
0.0999145508,
0.1665039062,
-0.4384765625,
-0.4396972656,
0.0958862305,
0.3596191406,
-0.8427734375,
-13.6171875,
-0.7758789062,
0.5512695312,
0.4299316406,
-0.9243164062,
-0.6303710938,
1.046875,
-0.7768554688,
-0.2261962891,
-0.5639648438,
0.328125,
0.765625,
-0.8745117188,
-0.1109619141,
0.3740234375,
0.108581543,
-0.9155273438,
-1.21484375,
0.2692871094,
0.1667480469,
0.0420532227,
0.4125976562,
0.1254882812,
0.1926269531,
-0.0960693359,
0.2685546875,
-0.0110015869,
0.5009765625,
-0.8120117188,
-0.0309753418,
0.6259765625,
-0.62890625,
-0.3195800781,
0.828125,
0.0344238281,
1.1962890625,
0.3698730469,
0.7348632812,
0.6005859375,
0.3767089844,
-0.1418457031,
0.2218017578,
-0.208984375,
0.7758789062,
0.2214355469,
0.0540771484,
0.3295898438,
-0.1318359375,
0.8955078125,
-0.1524658203,
-1.3251953125,
1.6845703125,
1.0771484375,
0.3103027344,
-0.7211914062,
-0.0549316406,
-0.9643554688,
0.9653320312,
-0.8872070312,
-0.096496582,
-1.328125,
-0.2458496094,
-0.4636230469,
-0.0895996094,
-0.7822265625,
-0.8881835938,
-0.2668457031,
-1.46875,
-0.1943359375,
-0.7548828125,
-0.3029785156,
-0.0958862305,
0.7065429688,
-0.9311523438,
0.7509765625,
0.3479003906,
0.2841796875,
-0.9990234375,
-0.3161621094,
0.5961914062,
-0.6669921875,
0.1540527344
] |
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Tibbia College Magazine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. Medicine
Browne, Edward G. Islamic Medicine. Fitzpatrick Lectures Delivered at the Royal College of Physicians in 1919–1920, reprint: New Delhi: Goodword Books, 2001. Pormann, Peter & Savage-Smith, Emilie. Medieval Islamic Medicine, Washington: Georgetown University Press, 2007. Prioreschi, Plinio. Byzantine and Islamic Medicine, A History of Medicine, Vol. 4, Omaha: Horatius Press, 2001. Syed Ziaur Rahman. Pharmacology of Avicennian Cardiac Drugs (Metaanalysis of researches and studies in Avicennian Cardiac Drugs along with English translation of Risalah al Adwiya al Qalbiyah), Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences, Aligarh, India, 2020
Philosophy
Amos Bertolacci, The Reception of Aristotle's Metaphysics in Avicenna's Kitab al-Sifa'. A Milestone of Western Metaphysical Thought, Leiden: Brill 2006, (Appendix C contains an Overview of the Main Works by Avicenna on Metaphysics in Chronological Order). Dimitri Gutas, Avicenna and the Aristotelian Tradition: Introduction to Reading Avicenna's Philosophical Works, Leiden, Brill 2014, second revised and expanded edition (first edition: 1988), including an inventory of Avicenna' Authentic Works. Andreas Lammer: The Elements of Avicenna's Physics. Greek Sources and Arabic Innovations. Scientia graeco-arabica 20. Berlin / Boston: Walter de Gruyter, 2018. Jon McGinnis and David C. Reisman (eds.) Interpreting Avicenna: Science and Philosophy in Medieval Islam: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Avicenna Study Group, Leiden: Brill, 2004. | [
0.9340820312,
-0.859375,
1.568359375,
0.1997070312,
0.0885009766,
0.3627929688,
0.1809082031,
0.6640625,
-0.5532226562,
0.3505859375,
0.408203125,
0.2905273438,
-0.1690673828,
-0.1536865234,
0.0713500977,
0.1217041016,
-0.3581542969,
0.3337402344,
-0.4235839844,
0.0096817017,
-0.2641601562,
-1.1640625,
-0.1715087891,
-0.8715820312,
-0.5952148438,
-0.3151855469,
-0.2785644531,
0.2756347656,
-0.3168945312,
0.1315917969,
0.994140625,
0.9965820312,
-0.4831542969,
-0.3740234375,
-1.228515625,
0.4377441406,
-0.439453125,
-0.974609375,
-0.2961425781,
-0.2113037109,
-0.7045898438,
-0.8168945312,
-0.8227539062,
0.1495361328,
0.6948242188,
0.62890625,
0.6352539062,
0.3679199219,
-0.8603515625,
-0.5942382812,
-0.3041992188,
0.2829589844,
0.2900390625,
-0.4816894531,
-0.0697631836,
0.33984375,
0.7661132812,
-0.4931640625,
0.1326904297,
-0.6762695312,
-0.0071258545,
-0.5571289062,
0.3615722656,
-0.6987304688,
0.3950195312,
-0.3259277344,
-0.7026367188,
-0.5356445312,
0.4106445312,
0.0844116211,
-0.4958496094,
-0.2895507812,
-0.5556640625,
0.212890625,
-0.0924072266,
-0.5419921875,
0.4333496094,
0.6181640625,
0.0811157227,
0.421875,
-0.4301757812,
-0.7661132812,
0.0822753906,
-0.5571289062,
0.3247070312,
1.55078125,
1.1884765625,
0.0299987793,
-1.14453125,
0.8310546875,
0.4765625,
-0.7138671875,
-0.7861328125,
0.0176696777,
1.2568359375,
0.1109008789,
0.0125274658,
-0.751953125,
-0.2722167969,
-0.7163085938,
-0.3061523438,
-0.50390625,
0.6474609375,
-0.1652832031,
-0.400390625,
0.3645019531,
-0.3344726562,
-0.2093505859,
-0.0888671875,
0.4924316406,
-0.0202484131,
-0.3361816406,
0.13671875,
0.2658691406,
0.3286132812,
-0.361328125,
-0.1652832031,
0.4001464844,
1.08984375,
-0.2502441406,
-0.4426269531,
-0.3723144531,
0.2861328125,
0.4509277344,
0.4128417969,
0.2092285156,
-0.3891601562,
0.3706054688,
-0.2521972656,
-0.1045532227,
-0.1488037109,
-0.0117874146,
-0.0246887207,
-0.2170410156,
0.4172363281,
-0.6533203125,
-0.0576171875,
0.2934570312,
-0.7329101562,
0.4458007812,
-0.4821777344,
1.0615234375,
-0.7841796875,
1.193359375,
0.0183563232,
-0.1260986328,
0.3542480469,
0.5771484375,
0.1712646484,
-0.58984375,
0.3002929688,
-0.2265625,
0.2885742188,
0.2183837891,
0.5380859375,
-0.1831054688,
-0.404296875,
-0.85546875,
-0.1291503906,
0.2824707031,
-0.564453125,
-0.1706542969,
-0.8354492188,
0.4106445312,
0.3569335938,
1.0947265625,
-0.9145507812,
0.4465332031,
1.0166015625,
0.2218017578,
-1.9130859375,
1.169921875,
0.0737915039,
-0.5673828125,
0.098815918,
-0.3139648438,
1.197265625,
0.38671875,
-0.5766601562,
0.0216217041,
-0.0288238525,
-1.205078125,
0.2141113281,
-0.1717529297,
0.0102233887,
-0.1149902344,
0.0778198242,
-0.8447265625,
-0.1784667969,
-0.5751953125,
-0.5786132812,
0.1320800781,
0.0419616699,
-0.91796875,
-1.833984375,
-1.2490234375,
0.3305664062,
0.908203125,
-0.0635375977,
-0.6313476562,
0.2215576172,
0.4838867188,
-0.7905273438,
0.3759765625,
0.2529296875,
-0.2646484375,
0.0137252808,
0.6323242188,
-0.6708984375,
-0.5380859375,
-0.2196044922,
0.4677734375,
0.6372070312,
-0.9267578125,
-0.4187011719,
0.6435546875,
-0.6435546875,
-0.1102905273,
0.4675292969,
0.1045532227,
-0.56640625,
-0.3227539062,
-1.2841796875,
1.0751953125,
-1.2626953125,
1.05078125,
-1.07421875,
0.9458007812,
0.498046875,
1.693359375,
0.7338867188,
0.0052604675,
-0.7016601562,
0.6137695312,
0.251953125,
-1.083984375,
0.7158203125,
0.2171630859,
0.71484375,
0.9990234375,
0.4938964844,
-0.2161865234,
0.4580078125,
-0.0033435822,
0.2509765625,
1.17578125,
0.0621032715,
0.986328125,
0.3884277344,
0.484375,
0.6328125,
1.1748046875,
0.0747070312,
0.7807617188,
0.0016002655,
-0.3469238281,
-0.0912475586,
1.146484375,
0.3701171875,
0.2543945312,
-0.3801269531,
-0.4621582031,
-0.0456542969,
0.2077636719,
-0.5581054688,
0.0797119141,
-0.5419921875,
-0.2795410156,
0.2663574219,
0.4028320312,
0.6005859375,
0.5815429688,
-0.8115234375,
-0.7763671875,
0.9716796875,
0.4152832031,
0.1848144531,
-0.2180175781,
-0.5903320312,
0.3408203125,
0.2312011719,
-0.1343994141,
0.1911621094,
-0.9140625,
0.2580566406,
-0.5698242188,
0.869140625,
1.06640625,
0.7524414062,
-0.5131835938,
-0.0826416016,
-0.7333984375,
-0.2000732422,
0.3669433594,
-0.0058860779,
0.1994628906,
-0.3581542969,
0.4711914062,
1.7265625,
-0.2242431641,
0.030380249,
0.7265625,
0.236328125,
1.3095703125,
0.8525390625,
0.142578125,
-0.9384765625,
1.0322265625,
0.3676757812,
0.8725585938,
0.3513183594,
-0.8823242188,
-0.2927246094,
0.0305633545,
-0.6313476562,
0.2281494141,
-0.4724121094,
0.4904785156,
0.4262695312,
0.0954589844,
-0.5161132812,
-0.2687988281,
0.4018554688,
-1.1669921875,
-0.1806640625,
0.55078125,
-0.4020996094,
-0.8037109375,
0.435546875,
-0.7314453125,
0.0859985352,
-0.0435791016,
-0.8256835938,
0.4206542969,
1.2509765625,
0.6220703125,
0.2758789062,
-0.3337402344,
-0.64453125,
0.0686035156,
0.9921875,
0.22265625,
0.3833007812,
1.1513671875,
0.016708374,
1.5068359375,
-0.1668701172,
0.55859375,
0.5522460938,
0.1809082031,
0.6318359375,
-0.6591796875,
-0.5776367188,
0.4350585938,
0.6298828125,
0.9306640625,
-0.0173950195,
0.4182128906,
-0.5317382812,
-0.1335449219,
0.0903930664,
-0.2954101562,
-2.1015625,
0.4431152344,
-1.3203125,
-0.0220489502,
-0.7875976562,
-1.0751953125,
0.3552246094,
0.5341796875,
-0.3557128906,
-1.1630859375,
-0.6518554688,
-0.9604492188,
-0.0408935547,
-0.9497070312,
-0.9287109375,
0.5810546875,
-0.2015380859,
-0.5463867188,
-0.2746582031,
-0.6181640625,
-0.5903320312,
0.9184570312,
0.7065429688,
0.3532714844,
-0.4064941406,
-0.2075195312,
-1.1201171875,
-0.1030273438,
0.5395507812,
-0.0928955078,
0.076171875,
-1.0341796875,
0.978515625,
-0.4536132812,
0.5693359375,
-0.6303710938,
-0.2043457031,
-0.3166503906,
0.3315429688,
-0.62890625,
-0.0358886719,
0.4519042969,
-0.1457519531,
-0.814453125,
1.69921875,
-0.4633789062,
0.3088378906,
0.1188964844,
0.0718994141,
0.1177978516,
0.1457519531,
0.4958496094,
-0.2094726562,
-0.2236328125,
-1.2783203125,
1.2646484375,
0.98828125,
-0.0127639771,
0.9858398438,
-0.1791992188,
0.798828125,
0.3610839844,
0.2551269531,
0.4221191406,
1.0263671875,
0.2524414062,
-0.9423828125,
-0.9633789062,
-0.9536132812,
-0.5146484375,
-0.7822265625,
-0.5952148438,
-0.2364501953,
-0.0595397949,
0.2734375,
-0.4526367188,
0.5693359375,
-0.8325195312,
0.1796875,
0.3701171875,
-0.1751708984,
1.611328125,
1.490234375,
0.560546875,
0.039855957,
-0.9794921875,
0.2648925781,
-0.6567382812,
-0.2302246094,
-0.853515625,
1.3271484375,
-0.2529296875,
0.734375,
0.1717529297,
0.1805419922,
0.7446289062,
-1.044921875,
1.1904296875,
1.1533203125,
0.2282714844,
-0.1444091797,
0.2795410156,
-0.2565917969,
-1.9306640625,
-0.7680664062,
0.1499023438,
0.0416564941,
0.0607299805,
-0.2839355469,
-0.2768554688,
-1.6474609375,
-0.2885742188,
-0.0957641602,
0.028793335,
1.1357421875,
0.5493164062,
-0.1274414062,
-0.71484375,
0.2294921875,
-0.1174926758,
-0.6752929688,
-0.1069335938,
0.2346191406,
-0.5200195312,
-0.1495361328,
-0.9428710938,
0.7890625,
-0.9887695312,
-0.3190917969,
1.0712890625,
-0.9760742188,
0.2099609375,
-0.0229492188,
0.2364501953,
-0.2019042969,
-0.0156707764,
0.0102767944,
0.0952148438,
-0.75390625,
-0.1389160156,
-0.2381591797,
-0.4182128906,
-0.5029296875,
0.521484375,
-0.2531738281,
-0.5541992188,
-0.0267791748,
0.609375,
0.0148239136,
-0.2326660156,
2.087890625,
-0.9116210938,
-0.3767089844,
-0.2741699219,
-1.21484375,
0.5034179688,
0.5209960938,
0.1091308594,
0.5380859375,
0.4599609375,
-0.0178527832,
-0.4279785156,
-0.3269042969,
-0.2648925781,
-0.1755371094,
-1.4658203125,
0.4736328125,
-0.7221679688,
0.765625,
0.431640625,
-0.2534179688,
-0.2795410156,
-0.8427734375,
-0.6528320312,
0.1801757812,
0.5180664062,
0.2119140625,
0.9477539062,
-0.3015136719,
-0.4880371094,
-0.0561828613,
-0.4489746094,
0.5913085938,
-0.2193603516,
0.7626953125,
0.8725585938,
0.6357421875,
0.5922851562,
0.6606445312,
0.2543945312,
-0.4697265625,
0.888671875,
-0.7163085938,
0.3107910156,
-0.3176269531,
-0.6010742188,
0.3984375,
0.0709228516,
-0.1916503906,
-0.865234375,
-0.1074829102,
-0.5703125,
0.0580749512,
0.8623046875,
0.033416748,
-1.44140625,
-0.4675292969,
-1.126953125,
-1.5068359375,
-0.0786132812,
1.2001953125,
0.4240722656,
-0.7817382812,
-1.2724609375,
0.4094238281,
-0.4406738281,
0.4619140625,
0.5239257812,
-0.8881835938,
0.1170043945,
-0.3630371094,
-1.3681640625,
0.1248168945,
0.5078125,
0.78515625,
-1.1640625,
-0.4465332031,
-0.4018554688,
-0.4282226562,
0.0149078369,
0.9858398438,
0.0526733398,
0.2524414062,
-0.154296875,
-1.1083984375,
-0.3303222656,
0.1500244141,
0.4206542969,
0.5805664062,
0.2927246094,
1.1533203125,
1.1396484375,
0.8193359375,
0.0031318665,
0.3186035156,
1.265625,
-0.1826171875,
0.4282226562,
0.5795898438,
0.6909179688,
0.59765625,
-0.0705566406,
0.1593017578,
1.1953125,
-0.7548828125,
0.044921875,
-0.4985351562,
-0.7504882812,
-0.3190917969,
0.5786132812,
0.8623046875,
0.0225219727,
-0.0390930176,
-0.8510742188,
-0.3735351562,
0.2971191406,
-0.78515625,
-0.3269042969,
0.1375732422,
-0.0699462891,
0.1215209961,
0.4328613281,
0.0488891602,
0.4375,
-0.0119400024,
1.537109375,
-0.3090820312,
1.0478515625,
0.2614746094,
-0.8408203125,
-0.806640625,
-1.130859375,
-1.3095703125,
-0.3791503906,
-0.3605957031,
-0.0219726562,
-1.7080078125,
-0.1611328125,
-0.1330566406,
0.4990234375,
0.6528320312,
0.2427978516,
-1.26171875,
-0.439453125,
0.8056640625,
-1.0458984375,
1.9560546875,
-1.1494140625,
0.2239990234,
0.685546875,
-0.6118164062,
-0.5805664062,
-0.7587890625,
-1.1533203125,
-0.1761474609,
0.4135742188,
-1.3330078125,
-0.8369140625,
-0.3266601562,
-0.69921875,
-0.8994140625,
0.7241210938,
0.798828125,
-0.0077857971,
0.5068359375,
-0.4318847656,
0.5317382812,
0.9248046875,
0.580078125,
0.4128417969,
0.19140625,
0.8139648438,
0.3876953125,
-0.9633789062,
0.8852539062,
-0.1159057617,
0.3264160156,
-0.1533203125,
-0.8891601562,
-0.7119140625,
-0.7094726562,
-0.1051025391,
-0.4660644531,
-0.6796875,
-0.0471496582,
1.2333984375,
-0.3872070312,
0.0565185547,
0.5029296875,
0.5478515625,
-1.2568359375,
-0.7495117188,
-0.1481933594,
-0.0023002625,
-0.6123046875,
-0.4387207031,
0.0698242188,
0.2614746094,
-1.4462890625,
0.1351318359,
0.0350036621,
-0.1934814453,
-0.595703125,
1.12890625,
-0.8471679688,
-0.6420898438,
0.5444335938,
-0.2360839844,
0.0558776855,
1.296875,
0.9350585938,
0.1695556641,
-0.098449707,
-0.9008789062,
0.2900390625,
-0.740234375,
-0.62890625,
0.02394104,
-0.1026611328,
-0.6616210938,
-0.7124023438,
0.0173492432,
-0.2225341797,
-0.1160888672,
0.0859985352,
0.7651367188,
-0.1383056641,
0.7495117188,
0.5869140625,
0.1661376953,
0.529296875,
0.3837890625,
-0.0900268555,
-0.3588867188,
1.302734375,
0.9912109375,
-1.1728515625,
-1.3896484375,
-0.8466796875,
-0.5693359375,
-0.1538085938,
0.6103515625,
-0.1987304688,
0.2309570312,
-0.6225585938,
-0.7983398438,
-0.1639404297,
1.607421875,
-0.3813476562,
0.5883789062,
0.2583007812,
-0.054473877,
0.0181274414,
-0.1060180664,
0.1756591797,
0.9223632812,
0.740234375,
0.1017456055,
-0.427734375,
0.6479492188,
0.5444335938,
-0.46875,
-0.0012512207,
-0.4643554688,
1.0107421875,
-0.4519042969,
0.31640625,
0.3706054688,
0.0650634766,
0.1060791016,
0.4479980469,
0.3935546875,
-0.5004882812,
0.505859375,
1.353515625,
-0.0112609863,
-2.3125,
-1.353515625,
-0.3190917969,
-0.1297607422,
0.7016601562,
0.4377441406,
0.1162109375,
0.5791015625,
0.4482421875,
-0.0261077881,
-0.3676757812,
-0.0238800049,
1.07421875,
0.0903320312,
-0.0127029419,
-0.5576171875,
-0.3864746094,
0.1091918945,
0.4133300781,
-0.7734375,
-0.1729736328,
0.5556640625,
-0.6318359375,
0.5053710938,
-0.4147949219,
0.6547851562,
1.0751953125,
-1.0234375,
0.3161621094,
0.5927734375,
-0.5971679688,
-0.0149536133,
0.5888671875,
0.2612304688,
-0.6459960938,
0.59375,
0.3347167969,
-0.3916015625,
0.8383789062,
-1.287109375,
-0.4904785156,
-0.0676879883,
-0.0340881348,
0.6962890625,
-0.1319580078,
0.2065429688,
-0.1749267578,
0.5102539062,
0.1408691406,
0.537109375,
-0.9208984375,
-0.525390625,
0.119140625,
-0.1030273438,
0.576171875,
0.67578125,
-0.3767089844,
-0.3024902344,
0.4375,
-0.181640625,
0.546875,
0.4916992188,
0.0245056152,
-0.3547363281,
-1.1953125,
-0.3830566406,
-0.0558166504,
-0.8359375,
-0.2152099609,
-2.033203125,
0.1267089844,
0.4226074219,
0.568359375,
0.4333496094,
-1.9794921875,
-0.3063964844,
0.1284179688,
-0.5522460938,
0.2229003906,
-0.5439453125,
0.97265625,
-1.2958984375,
-0.0116882324,
-0.2817382812,
-0.0420227051,
-0.4201660156,
-0.8315429688,
-0.0013666153,
-0.5244140625,
-0.1330566406,
-0.5517578125,
0.0934448242,
-0.2744140625,
-0.2568359375,
-0.0126190186,
-0.1693115234,
0.6083984375,
0.0749511719,
0.8564453125,
-0.7758789062,
0.8720703125,
0.1799316406,
-0.5595703125,
-0.5541992188,
0.8837890625,
0.6396484375,
-0.0453186035,
-0.2917480469,
-0.2846679688,
-0.1063842773,
-0.2770996094,
0.6118164062,
-0.3522949219,
-0.1379394531,
-0.2541503906,
-0.2392578125,
-0.0430297852,
0.6865234375,
0.2225341797,
-0.121887207,
0.4375,
0.9672851562,
-0.9399414062,
-0.63671875,
-0.1200561523,
0.4685058594,
0.2054443359,
0.181640625,
0.3742675781,
-0.4306640625,
0.1495361328,
0.2124023438,
-0.4509277344,
-0.0638427734,
-0.0014572144,
-1.0224609375,
-1.1142578125,
-0.4792480469,
0.1579589844,
0.0733032227,
0.4914550781,
-0.1394042969,
0.5815429688,
0.3149414062,
0.2301025391,
-0.1629638672,
-0.2145996094,
-0.1899414062,
0.4299316406,
-0.7260742188,
-0.0347900391,
0.7470703125,
0.224609375,
-0.4282226562,
-12.5546875,
-0.2303466797,
0.3615722656,
-0.9545898438,
-0.6645507812,
-0.2976074219,
0.9975585938,
-0.8090820312,
-0.177734375,
0.1356201172,
0.4167480469,
1.23046875,
-1.150390625,
-0.9692382812,
-0.599609375,
-0.8090820312,
-1.552734375,
-1.0546875,
-0.3010253906,
-0.0231018066,
-0.0628662109,
0.6630859375,
0.1904296875,
0.3410644531,
-0.2846679688,
-0.1518554688,
0.5288085938,
-0.4404296875,
-0.4489746094,
0.4343261719,
0.7094726562,
-0.0577697754,
-0.94140625,
1.015625,
-0.2521972656,
1.2890625,
-0.1258544922,
0.3583984375,
0.3933105469,
0.2924804688,
0.1193847656,
0.5546875,
-1.1015625,
0.90625,
-0.6225585938,
0.2388916016,
0.0554504395,
-0.4187011719,
0.0417785645,
0.0911865234,
-0.775390625,
0.9306640625,
0.4077148438,
-0.8100585938,
-1.126953125,
-0.3427734375,
-1.212890625,
0.2517089844,
-0.4470214844,
-0.0946044922,
-0.59375,
-0.4614257812,
0.2795410156,
0.1683349609,
-1.28125,
-0.71484375,
-0.3090820312,
-0.751953125,
-0.0529174805,
-0.5654296875,
-0.015586853,
-0.2517089844,
0.2607421875,
-1.1513671875,
1.1435546875,
0.9780273438,
-0.9809570312,
-0.806640625,
-0.8022460938,
0.3662109375,
-0.7377929688,
-0.3503417969
] |
Michot, Jean R., La destinée de l'homme selon Avicenne, Louvain: Aedibus Peeters, 1986, . Nader El-Bizri, The Phenomenological Quest between Avicenna and Heidegger, Binghamton, N.Y.: Global Publications SUNY, 2000 (reprinted by SUNY Press in 2014 with a new Preface). Nader El-Bizri, "Avicenna and Essentialism," Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 54 (June 2001), pp. 753–778. Nader El-Bizri, "Avicenna's De Anima between Aristotle and Husserl," in The Passions of the Soul in the Metamorphosis of Becoming, ed. Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2003, pp. 67–89. Nader El-Bizri, "Being and Necessity: A Phenomenological Investigation of Avicenna's Metaphysics and Cosmology," in Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology on the Perennial Issue of Microcosm and Macrocosm, ed. Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2006, pp. 243–261. Nader El-Bizri, 'Ibn Sīnā's Ontology and the Question of Being', Ishrāq: Islamic Philosophy Yearbook 2 (2011), 222–237
Nader El-Bizri, 'Philosophising at the Margins of 'Sh'i Studies': Reflections on Ibn Sīnā's Ontology', in The Study of Sh'i Islam. History, Theology and Law, eds. F. Daftary and G. Miskinzoda (London: I.B. Tauris, 2014), pp. 585–597. Reisman, David C. (ed. ), Before and After Avicenna: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Avicenna Study Group'', Leiden: Brill, 2003. | [
-0.11328125,
-1.076171875,
0.7143554688,
-0.2761230469,
-0.6181640625,
0.1478271484,
0.0076675415,
0.2209472656,
-0.4790039062,
-0.0935058594,
-0.2849121094,
0.4265136719,
-0.8745117188,
-0.2277832031,
0.5561523438,
-0.2301025391,
-0.0077667236,
0.3110351562,
0.361328125,
-0.1958007812,
-0.3005371094,
-0.9575195312,
-0.1510009766,
-0.9125976562,
-0.0001380444,
-1.2099609375,
-0.1917724609,
-0.1071777344,
0.2224121094,
0.0527038574,
0.5864257812,
0.68359375,
0.5087890625,
-0.3659667969,
0.2556152344,
0.8090820312,
0.4982910156,
-1.462890625,
-0.3823242188,
0.7138671875,
-0.9633789062,
-0.5048828125,
-0.5380859375,
-0.5786132812,
0.75390625,
1.00390625,
0.0364990234,
-0.2111816406,
-0.2934570312,
-0.453125,
-0.6752929688,
-0.0011177063,
0.3232421875,
-1.0234375,
-0.451171875,
-0.59375,
0.9389648438,
-0.7719726562,
-0.4018554688,
-0.8901367188,
-0.1976318359,
-0.7578125,
0.7465820312,
-0.2110595703,
0.8774414062,
-1.150390625,
-1.1767578125,
-0.3212890625,
0.1167602539,
0.0961914062,
-0.4118652344,
0.0900878906,
-0.7158203125,
1.0732421875,
-0.1080932617,
-0.3791503906,
0.3981933594,
0.5551757812,
0.1190795898,
-0.0744018555,
-0.4262695312,
-1.1962890625,
-0.1716308594,
-1.021484375,
0.1636962891,
0.2073974609,
0.8979492188,
-0.0444030762,
-0.619140625,
0.61328125,
0.9653320312,
-0.0124740601,
-0.8798828125,
0.2873535156,
0.4636230469,
1.021484375,
-0.73046875,
-0.1802978516,
-0.9116210938,
-0.5029296875,
-0.662109375,
-1.099609375,
0.8432617188,
-0.3178710938,
-0.6206054688,
1.6240234375,
-0.880859375,
-0.0465393066,
-0.3010253906,
0.640625,
-0.1057128906,
-0.90234375,
0.3125,
0.1638183594,
0.73828125,
-0.2434082031,
0.3798828125,
-0.1466064453,
0.2065429688,
-0.4604492188,
-0.5444335938,
0.3044433594,
0.1280517578,
-0.1684570312,
0.8735351562,
-0.0057144165,
-0.8784179688,
0.2049560547,
-0.0048370361,
0.4143066406,
0.4089355469,
0.0344238281,
0.0836181641,
0.5034179688,
-0.5737304688,
-0.61328125,
-0.4458007812,
0.4331054688,
0.0387573242,
0.734375,
-0.9208984375,
0.6982421875,
-1.169921875,
-0.0891113281,
-0.1967773438,
-0.4057617188,
0.9868164062,
0.6650390625,
0.0308380127,
-0.8134765625,
0.4782714844,
-0.0997924805,
0.4191894531,
-0.2565917969,
0.5112304688,
0.0862426758,
-0.0289459229,
0.8022460938,
-0.4677734375,
0.6928710938,
0.2551269531,
0.2482910156,
-0.8251953125,
0.5620117188,
-0.0169830322,
1.3837890625,
-1.3232421875,
-0.0702514648,
1.5732421875,
0.859375,
-0.9169921875,
0.3173828125,
0.1030273438,
-0.8813476562,
0.8559570312,
-1.2705078125,
0.1976318359,
0.0626220703,
-0.1693115234,
-0.3601074219,
0.2239990234,
-1.0888671875,
0.0594482422,
0.3129882812,
0.2727050781,
0.1056518555,
-0.2083740234,
0.2342529297,
0.0690307617,
-0.2844238281,
-0.8188476562,
-0.12109375,
0.3674316406,
-0.66015625,
-1.59375,
-0.6254882812,
-0.2293701172,
0.4611816406,
-0.3391113281,
-0.6625976562,
0.1501464844,
0.76171875,
-0.3176269531,
-0.1115722656,
-0.2298583984,
0.2473144531,
0.6079101562,
-0.4135742188,
-0.6176757812,
-0.6435546875,
-0.8549804688,
0.6499023438,
0.3054199219,
-0.4514160156,
0.2736816406,
0.2561035156,
-0.2045898438,
-0.2253417969,
0.701171875,
-1.109375,
-0.1597900391,
0.2575683594,
-0.9067382812,
0.3391113281,
-0.4953613281,
0.5219726562,
-1.302734375,
0.5224609375,
0.92578125,
1.1552734375,
0.755859375,
0.0852661133,
-0.4274902344,
0.3525390625,
0.1744384766,
-0.2683105469,
0.9853515625,
0.4895019531,
0.3801269531,
0.3937988281,
0.9794921875,
-0.2348632812,
0.2012939453,
-0.7709960938,
0.2320556641,
0.8427734375,
-0.2420654297,
0.3269042969,
0.0877075195,
0.6274414062,
1.09375,
1,
-0.2509765625,
0.4282226562,
-0.0972900391,
-0.2802734375,
-0.3129882812,
0.259765625,
0.5693359375,
0.4921875,
-0.7392578125,
0.1951904297,
1.8984375,
-0.3681640625,
-0.8876953125,
0.1467285156,
-0.7543945312,
0.6494140625,
1.21875,
-0.1472167969,
0.0034217834,
0.069519043,
-0.3215332031,
-1.220703125,
0.5561523438,
0.124206543,
0.5219726562,
-0.9643554688,
0.1977539062,
0.1298828125,
-0.6279296875,
-0.2880859375,
1.068359375,
-0.80078125,
0.2429199219,
-0.2357177734,
0.2153320312,
0.5961914062,
0.4401855469,
-0.3493652344,
-0.0208435059,
-0.6049804688,
-0.3452148438,
-0.2019042969,
0.8872070312,
0.8310546875,
-0.2631835938,
0.7163085938,
0.4404296875,
-0.3344726562,
-0.5961914062,
0.0825805664,
0.177734375,
-0.0569152832,
0.3564453125,
0.0120391846,
-0.3178710938,
0.6640625,
0.0982666016,
0.9555664062,
0.30859375,
-0.4919433594,
-0.2364501953,
-0.2724609375,
-0.7509765625,
-0.1916503906,
-0.6572265625,
0.3864746094,
0.3510742188,
0.5,
0.3178710938,
-0.0051307678,
0.2512207031,
-0.2495117188,
-0.8642578125,
0.560546875,
0.0809936523,
-0.9038085938,
1.26953125,
-0.6958007812,
0.3212890625,
0.1331787109,
-0.6098632812,
0.9482421875,
1.4404296875,
0.2736816406,
0.0142974854,
0.3129882812,
-0.5874023438,
-0.1049194336,
0.728515625,
0.3029785156,
-0.1089477539,
0.625,
0.1221923828,
0.8295898438,
-0.560546875,
0.1717529297,
0.6010742188,
-0.3012695312,
0.9360351562,
-0.2152099609,
-0.8979492188,
0.2905273438,
0.5634765625,
0.3327636719,
-0.3955078125,
1.193359375,
-0.986328125,
1.1337890625,
-0.3078613281,
0.1561279297,
-1.396484375,
0.2507324219,
-0.2479248047,
-0.384765625,
-0.4738769531,
-0.1049804688,
0.4072265625,
0.4919433594,
-0.0351257324,
-1.412109375,
-0.439453125,
-0.4477539062,
-0.1251220703,
-0.6977539062,
-0.939453125,
0.2644042969,
-0.3630371094,
-0.0900268555,
-0.4091796875,
-0.6591796875,
-0.7553710938,
-0.0367126465,
-0.0792236328,
0.9008789062,
-0.26171875,
0.3076171875,
-0.6186523438,
-0.1033935547,
0.6372070312,
0.5278320312,
0.0362243652,
-0.1934814453,
0.4975585938,
0.0631103516,
0.0432128906,
-0.9145507812,
0.45703125,
0.1394042969,
0.3024902344,
0.0271148682,
-0.5747070312,
-0.2336425781,
-0.0124816895,
-0.998046875,
2.3203125,
-0.6538085938,
0.3920898438,
0.5336914062,
-0.302734375,
-0.7099609375,
0.0092010498,
0.6489257812,
-0.2221679688,
-0.3483886719,
-1.1533203125,
0.5615234375,
1.109375,
0.3786621094,
0.4431152344,
-0.4909667969,
0.4672851562,
-0.5278320312,
0.1149291992,
0.4018554688,
0.5712890625,
0.2272949219,
-0.5673828125,
-0.5473632812,
-0.1860351562,
0.3979492188,
-1.275390625,
0.4072265625,
-0.08984375,
0.2274169922,
0.54296875,
-1.1435546875,
0.9736328125,
-0.1793212891,
0.5815429688,
0.89453125,
-0.4172363281,
1.9912109375,
1.63671875,
0.6479492188,
0.2766113281,
-2.140625,
0.3686523438,
-0.5458984375,
-0.1890869141,
0.7348632812,
1.162109375,
0.3391113281,
0.5717773438,
0.294921875,
1.1337890625,
-0.4577636719,
-0.5537109375,
0.7407226562,
0.6225585938,
-0.1280517578,
-0.3117675781,
-0.6274414062,
-0.7387695312,
-1.7841796875,
-0.1522216797,
-0.1156005859,
-0.3767089844,
-0.294921875,
-0.73828125,
-0.7622070312,
-0.118347168,
-0.2521972656,
0.0401611328,
0.6489257812,
1.1748046875,
0.69921875,
0.8110351562,
-0.5512695312,
0.0885009766,
0.17578125,
-0.6357421875,
0.2474365234,
1.30078125,
-0.4387207031,
0.0762329102,
-0.7763671875,
0.5244140625,
-1.5322265625,
-0.3786621094,
1.4521484375,
-0.705078125,
0.2802734375,
-0.4235839844,
-0.1447753906,
-0.8642578125,
-0.0872192383,
-0.8081054688,
-0.52734375,
-0.8388671875,
-0.720703125,
-0.2751464844,
-1.0390625,
-0.9477539062,
0.9213867188,
-0.0511779785,
-1.091796875,
-0.2358398438,
0.3840332031,
0.3510742188,
-0.5756835938,
2.0859375,
-0.4489746094,
0.3054199219,
-0.2438964844,
-1.384765625,
-0.1667480469,
-0.1171264648,
0.583984375,
0.3024902344,
-0.12890625,
0.3032226562,
-1.244140625,
0.005115509,
0.1092529297,
-0.3337402344,
-0.9033203125,
0.833984375,
0.0433044434,
1.224609375,
-0.1829833984,
0.1925048828,
-1.025390625,
-0.6518554688,
-0.7861328125,
-0.1061401367,
0.55859375,
0.1768798828,
0.5737304688,
0.4221191406,
-0.1788330078,
0.912109375,
-0.0330505371,
1.1240234375,
0.7919921875,
0.4084472656,
0.8100585938,
0.2829589844,
0.1759033203,
0.0102996826,
-0.54296875,
-0.443359375,
1.2255859375,
-1.1875,
0.1851806641,
-0.8579101562,
-0.5024414062,
-0.0903930664,
-0.4077148438,
-0.0648193359,
-0.1119384766,
-0.028503418,
0.0194091797,
0.0643920898,
1.13671875,
0.4672851562,
-1.08984375,
-0.1864013672,
-0.7172851562,
-0.37890625,
-0.1490478516,
1.392578125,
0.4741210938,
0.1932373047,
-0.6596679688,
0.4885253906,
0.0324401855,
0.462890625,
-0.3515625,
-1.291015625,
0.1467285156,
-0.1204223633,
-0.9267578125,
-0.7451171875,
0.4624023438,
0.7719726562,
-1.0517578125,
-0.634765625,
-0.9624023438,
-0.1597900391,
-0.31640625,
0.1105957031,
0.0770874023,
0.0518493652,
-0.5048828125,
-2.107421875,
-0.1054077148,
0.4128417969,
-0.3950195312,
-0.4853515625,
-0.7685546875,
1.9501953125,
1.087890625,
0.7465820312,
0.2434082031,
-0.1878662109,
0.3017578125,
-0.3840332031,
0.2568359375,
0.6254882812,
0.6376953125,
0.52734375,
0.8583984375,
0.3139648438,
1.1455078125,
-0.2985839844,
0.2457275391,
-0.400390625,
-1.404296875,
-0.5478515625,
0.4677734375,
0.6293945312,
-0.0595703125,
0.2287597656,
-0.4201660156,
-0.4143066406,
0.5366210938,
-0.1861572266,
-0.5649414062,
0.0209350586,
-0.4880371094,
0.2912597656,
1.2470703125,
-1.328125,
0.6098632812,
-0.4562988281,
1.556640625,
0.27734375,
1.97265625,
0.80859375,
-0.5249023438,
-0.1868896484,
-0.7197265625,
-0.3193359375,
-1.1689453125,
-0.2440185547,
0.2758789062,
-1.607421875,
0.0239105225,
-0.0599975586,
0.7192382812,
0.3195800781,
-0.1860351562,
-1.32421875,
-0.6694335938,
0.6259765625,
-0.7734375,
1.7607421875,
0.2209472656,
-0.8686523438,
0.4104003906,
0.1918945312,
0.0707397461,
-0.7231445312,
-0.16796875,
-0.0145797729,
-0.0346374512,
-1.2568359375,
0.1171875,
-0.1883544922,
-0.6723632812,
-0.2415771484,
1.5556640625,
0.689453125,
0.3291015625,
0.5834960938,
0.0804443359,
0.6298828125,
0.5068359375,
-0.267578125,
-0.069152832,
-0.54296875,
0.9692382812,
-0.08203125,
0.0374145508,
-0.1162719727,
0.5805664062,
0.185546875,
-0.3486328125,
-0.6787109375,
-0.1871337891,
-0.5595703125,
0.2155761719,
-0.6508789062,
-0.779296875,
-0.0456542969,
1.0361328125,
-0.701171875,
-0.3046875,
0.5576171875,
0.6796875,
-1.369140625,
-0.978515625,
0.654296875,
0.5947265625,
-0.5634765625,
-0.4731445312,
0.2364501953,
0.5122070312,
-1.3125,
0.0737304688,
1.2099609375,
-0.9340820312,
-1.0546875,
0.2464599609,
-0.66796875,
-0.3911132812,
0.3737792969,
-0.0574035645,
0.4895019531,
0.7163085938,
0.5546875,
-0.3522949219,
0.1397705078,
-0.60546875,
0.6694335938,
-0.4611816406,
0.0133361816,
-0.5083007812,
-0.5278320312,
-0.2346191406,
-0.7661132812,
-0.546875,
-0.4975585938,
0.4086914062,
0.1976318359,
0.3891601562,
-0.0434875488,
0.2390136719,
0.8212890625,
0.0456237793,
0.1058959961,
0.4074707031,
0.0804443359,
-0.2673339844,
1.029296875,
-0.1322021484,
-0.4965820312,
-0.4396972656,
-0.5341796875,
-0.5825195312,
0.1895751953,
0.5166015625,
0.0966796875,
-0.8540039062,
-0.5654296875,
-0.2059326172,
-0.2839355469,
0.9545898438,
0.2861328125,
0.2436523438,
0.0154266357,
0.8745117188,
-0.6635742188,
-0.8188476562,
0.107421875,
0.7055664062,
0.7084960938,
0.8212890625,
-1.029296875,
0.544921875,
0.1385498047,
-1.115234375,
0.53125,
-0.3654785156,
0.7553710938,
-0.1640625,
-0.4875488281,
-0.1501464844,
0.4182128906,
-0.6494140625,
-0.4497070312,
0.52734375,
-0.634765625,
-0.826171875,
0.634765625,
-0.3049316406,
-1.744140625,
-1.0830078125,
0.0674438477,
-0.1136474609,
0.8095703125,
0.3601074219,
-0.0565185547,
0.1171264648,
-0.0362854004,
-0.3125,
-0.751953125,
-0.5302734375,
0.5434570312,
-0.6958007812,
0.5659179688,
-0.0588989258,
-0.1448974609,
0.8701171875,
0.2993164062,
-0.697265625,
0.0617980957,
0.3796386719,
-0.7846679688,
0.4614257812,
0.3740234375,
0.5288085938,
0.3623046875,
-0.9721679688,
0.2849121094,
0.4084472656,
-0.2517089844,
0.4912109375,
0.6928710938,
0.1325683594,
0.5131835938,
0.6870117188,
0.2683105469,
0.2885742188,
-0.0972290039,
-0.7890625,
-1.12890625,
0.1129150391,
-0.5673828125,
0.4892578125,
-0.1568603516,
0.8642578125,
-0.2619628906,
0.1954345703,
0.7802734375,
0.806640625,
-0.9833984375,
-0.3662109375,
0.2971191406,
-0.1868896484,
0.5009765625,
0.9013671875,
0.3615722656,
-0.1579589844,
0.1192626953,
-0.4624023438,
0.7216796875,
0.1103515625,
0.2377929688,
-0.2039794922,
-0.4150390625,
0.0185394287,
-0.8071289062,
-0.5727539062,
0.1809082031,
-1.3046875,
0.375,
-0.3005371094,
0.552734375,
-0.0043334961,
-0.78515625,
-0.2980957031,
-0.4057617188,
-0.2780761719,
-0.1616210938,
-0.0401306152,
0.5629882812,
-0.1193237305,
0.3015136719,
-0.6245117188,
-0.4130859375,
-0.3854980469,
-0.298828125,
0.2376708984,
-0.4099121094,
-0.2583007812,
0.2927246094,
0.0814208984,
-0.3908691406,
0.1300048828,
-0.5859375,
0.0706787109,
0.4426269531,
-0.0339050293,
0.4489746094,
-0.6328125,
0.0106048584,
0.3991699219,
-0.6772460938,
-0.34375,
0.6040039062,
0.1112670898,
0.703125,
-0.4243164062,
0.2912597656,
-0.6484375,
-0.1599121094,
0.1101074219,
0.007183075,
-0.0857543945,
0.0270843506,
0.3879394531,
0.2104492188,
0.3698730469,
0.2485351562,
-0.4787597656,
0.5703125,
-0.3459472656,
-1.685546875,
-0.5864257812,
-0.1813964844,
-1.296875,
0.5600585938,
0.51953125,
1.103515625,
0.3269042969,
-0.0759887695,
-0.552734375,
-0.3049316406,
-1.0556640625,
0.1853027344,
-0.1632080078,
-0.83203125,
0.0948486328,
-0.3757324219,
0.1030883789,
0.791015625,
0.2375488281,
0.8979492188,
0.326171875,
-0.0253295898,
-0.3603515625,
0.796875,
0.6313476562,
-0.0089035034,
-1.2060546875,
-0.638671875,
0.603515625,
-0.1833496094,
-1.234375,
-13.0546875,
-0.7524414062,
0.5732421875,
0.2797851562,
-1.326171875,
-0.4067382812,
0.3759765625,
-1.5390625,
-0.9438476562,
-0.1365966797,
-0.4428710938,
1.0712890625,
-1.0361328125,
-0.4680175781,
-0.013671875,
-0.537109375,
-1.1318359375,
-1.0478515625,
0.1953125,
0.0530395508,
-0.0955810547,
0.4294433594,
-0.697265625,
0.3244628906,
0.0764160156,
-0.2893066406,
0.1373291016,
-0.2761230469,
-0.4404296875,
-0.4096679688,
0.60546875,
-0.2216796875,
-0.6279296875,
0.4079589844,
0.0521850586,
0.943359375,
0.1441650391,
0.2766113281,
0.7138671875,
-0.5102539062,
0.1756591797,
0.2097167969,
-0.8271484375,
0.8647460938,
-0.5556640625,
0.0563049316,
0.7724609375,
0.2280273438,
0.380859375,
0.2049560547,
-0.0362548828,
0.2152099609,
0.4331054688,
0.671875,
-1.091796875,
-0.623046875,
-0.775390625,
1.255859375,
0.384765625,
0.5302734375,
-0.4575195312,
-0.2416992188,
0.7622070312,
0.4709472656,
-1.1337890625,
-0.8203125,
-0.8232421875,
-0.37890625,
0.0362854004,
-0.3635253906,
-0.0756225586,
-0.0367431641,
0.921875,
0.1268310547,
0.4655761719,
0.4995117188,
-0.3610839844,
-1.037109375,
-0.7451171875,
0.1711425781,
-0.51953125,
0.0074424744
] |
External links
Avicenna (Ibn-Sina) on the Subject and the Object of Metaphysics with a list of translations of the logical and philosophical works and an annotated bibliography
980s births
1037 deaths
10th-century Iranian people
11th-century astronomers
11th-century Persian writers
11th-century philosophers
Alchemists of medieval Islam
Aristotelian philosophers
Burials in Iran
Buyid viziers
Classical humanists
Critics of atheism
Cultural critics
Epistemologists
Founders of philosophical traditions
Iranian music theorists
Islamic philosophers
Transoxanian Islamic scholars
Logicians
People from Bukhara Region
Pharmacologists of medieval Iran
Medieval Persian poets
Medieval Persian writers
Metaphysicians
Moral philosophers
Musical theorists of medieval Islam
Ontologists
People from Khorasan
Persian physicists
Philosophers of ethics and morality
Philosophers of logic
Philosophers of mind
Philosophers of psychology
Philosophers of religion
Philosophers of science
Physicians of medieval Islam
Samanid scholars
Unani medicine
Medieval Persian philosophers
Iranian logicians
Iranian ethicists
People who memorized the Quran
Samanid officials | [
0.5200195312,
-0.6030273438,
1.48828125,
-0.5073242188,
-0.1899414062,
0.8188476562,
0.8154296875,
0.919921875,
-0.677734375,
0.11328125,
-0.4814453125,
0.6123046875,
-0.3569335938,
-0.9663085938,
0.5131835938,
-0.0089263916,
-0.4377441406,
-0.7568359375,
-0.3154296875,
-0.7641601562,
-0.2890625,
-2.025390625,
-0.2758789062,
-2.029296875,
-0.2341308594,
-1.0234375,
-0.9194335938,
-0.1857910156,
0.3786621094,
-0.0740356445,
0.7358398438,
0.4030761719,
-0.4658203125,
-1.0810546875,
-1.17578125,
0.3933105469,
0.0285339355,
-0.705078125,
-1.1064453125,
0.607421875,
-0.294921875,
-0.5717773438,
-0.5078125,
-0.2973632812,
1.365234375,
0.986328125,
-0.2144775391,
-0.0312805176,
-0.8701171875,
-0.9711914062,
-0.4304199219,
-0.5209960938,
-0.4685058594,
-0.4545898438,
0.7568359375,
-0.267578125,
0.87890625,
-0.8881835938,
-0.3830566406,
-0.8369140625,
-0.3903808594,
-0.6171875,
1.2197265625,
-0.9873046875,
0.3713378906,
-0.3525390625,
-0.3103027344,
-1.26171875,
0.0821533203,
0.3759765625,
-0.6240234375,
-0.4638671875,
-1.2978515625,
0.5297851562,
0.9321289062,
-1.3251953125,
0.94140625,
0.8076171875,
-0.248046875,
0.1691894531,
-0.3142089844,
-0.9624023438,
-0.0889892578,
-0.7553710938,
0.2115478516,
0.896484375,
1.34375,
-0.3432617188,
-0.5405273438,
-0.6025390625,
0.3952636719,
-0.0234985352,
0.1296386719,
-0.2257080078,
0.5478515625,
1.4189453125,
0.3342285156,
-0.2099609375,
-0.1958007812,
-0.4118652344,
-0.6362304688,
-0.4443359375,
0.6137695312,
-0.3291015625,
-0.1898193359,
0.5595703125,
-0.8715820312,
-0.3618164062,
-0.0759277344,
0.4829101562,
0.3422851562,
-0.2644042969,
0.5478515625,
0.0875244141,
0.5200195312,
-0.0242767334,
-0.1392822266,
-0.3547363281,
0.7797851562,
0.2634277344,
-0.0828857422,
0.7099609375,
-0.2264404297,
0.4135742188,
0.7309570312,
-0.1762695312,
-1.2880859375,
0.7802734375,
-0.3117675781,
-0.3210449219,
0.0857543945,
0.4191894531,
0.0189056396,
0.7080078125,
0.2971191406,
0.0749511719,
0.7133789062,
-0.0184326172,
0.4724121094,
0.3161621094,
-0.796875,
-0.6743164062,
-1.9072265625,
0.9243164062,
0.0012130737,
0.0473937988,
0.5361328125,
0.525390625,
-0.1949462891,
-1.2236328125,
0.705078125,
0.228515625,
0.421875,
-0.5747070312,
-0.1392822266,
0.1173706055,
-0.30859375,
-0.810546875,
0.5302734375,
0.1372070312,
-0.6547851562,
0.92578125,
-0.3676757812,
2.244140625,
0.7485351562,
0.6328125,
-1.90625,
0.939453125,
1.0986328125,
0.5278320312,
-1.01953125,
0.71875,
-0.2849121094,
-0.1027832031,
0.1956787109,
0.3034667969,
0.3041992188,
0.4438476562,
-0.4733886719,
-0.1181030273,
-0.1216430664,
-1.1328125,
-0.0294494629,
-0.3273925781,
0.6186523438,
0.4064941406,
0.2486572266,
-0.8857421875,
0.0684814453,
-0.1507568359,
-1.060546875,
0.2269287109,
-0.267578125,
-0.3520507812,
-1.3974609375,
-0.6225585938,
0.1584472656,
0.9516601562,
-0.9423828125,
-0.7348632812,
0.5161132812,
0.8041992188,
-0.2756347656,
-0.7709960938,
0.9013671875,
-0.0633544922,
0.4128417969,
-0.2479248047,
-1.1044921875,
0.1011962891,
-1.216796875,
-0.3557128906,
0.8662109375,
-0.5776367188,
-0.365234375,
0.8569335938,
0.580078125,
-0.4301757812,
0.6352539062,
-0.7250976562,
-0.4020996094,
-0.6240234375,
-1.6552734375,
0.7075195312,
-0.7250976562,
0.5307617188,
0.34375,
1.7021484375,
0.1226806641,
1.9677734375,
-0.4514160156,
0.4829101562,
-1.34375,
1.0751953125,
-0.3110351562,
-0.900390625,
0.5766601562,
1.126953125,
0.2629394531,
0.0423583984,
1.4306640625,
0.4611816406,
0.1779785156,
-0.8212890625,
0.3220214844,
0.9248046875,
0.1517333984,
0.412109375,
0.2209472656,
0.6284179688,
0.7612304688,
0.7197265625,
-0.0253601074,
-0.0362548828,
0.3696289062,
-0.6088867188,
-0.630859375,
0.3244628906,
0.4963378906,
0.9379882812,
-0.1284179688,
-0.0303955078,
0.4968261719,
-0.486328125,
-0.982421875,
0.2556152344,
-1.880859375,
-0.5639648438,
0.8852539062,
0.6904296875,
0.2313232422,
0.9682617188,
-0.2609863281,
-0.5029296875,
0.28515625,
-0.123840332,
0.7631835938,
-0.4914550781,
0.0058937073,
0.2409667969,
-0.40625,
0.0634765625,
-0.6591796875,
-1.0986328125,
0.4533691406,
-0.0039367676,
0.7426757812,
0.9799804688,
1.390625,
-0.5532226562,
-0.5854492188,
-0.6533203125,
-0.5844726562,
0.25,
0.1456298828,
0.6416015625,
0.1522216797,
0.4929199219,
0.9536132812,
-0.7133789062,
-0.3566894531,
0.9404296875,
0.3603515625,
0.3884277344,
0.4487304688,
-0.0637817383,
-0.4033203125,
0.4411621094,
0.9677734375,
-0.1662597656,
-0.7407226562,
-1.076171875,
-0.041015625,
-0.322265625,
-0.1228637695,
-0.27734375,
-0.681640625,
0.908203125,
0.6162109375,
0.2863769531,
0.0626220703,
-0.1028442383,
0.1024780273,
-0.38671875,
-1.1015625,
0.7724609375,
-0.3767089844,
-0.2329101562,
0.8515625,
-0.1583251953,
0.0347900391,
-0.8061523438,
-0.8422851562,
0.3059082031,
1.267578125,
-0.4262695312,
0.0428466797,
-0.7885742188,
-0.3444824219,
-0.4853515625,
0.876953125,
0.013458252,
0.2673339844,
0.7768554688,
-0.0629272461,
1.662109375,
0.1166381836,
0.6909179688,
1.0341796875,
-0.3071289062,
1.2607421875,
-0.9443359375,
-0.2232666016,
-0.541015625,
1.1728515625,
0.1170043945,
-0.4226074219,
0.2387695312,
-0.4235839844,
0.3959960938,
-0.146484375,
0.2381591797,
-1.3369140625,
0.4509277344,
-0.8208007812,
-0.302734375,
-0.5395507812,
-0.1157836914,
-0.1258544922,
0.40625,
0.0002942085,
-1.34375,
-0.8715820312,
-0.0997924805,
0.7963867188,
-0.4016113281,
-1.6533203125,
1.08203125,
-0.2795410156,
0.3576660156,
0.3986816406,
-0.9907226562,
-0.1143798828,
0.1018676758,
0.2224121094,
0.7724609375,
-0.5034179688,
0.7641601562,
-1.1650390625,
0.0502929688,
0.86328125,
0.3334960938,
-0.0849609375,
-0.5170898438,
-0.1053466797,
-0.5078125,
-0.0360717773,
-0.1047973633,
-0.1395263672,
1.0458984375,
0.0144195557,
1.0869140625,
-0.5678710938,
0.1127929688,
-0.0386352539,
0.2001953125,
2.8828125,
-1.279296875,
-0.541015625,
0.0415344238,
0.650390625,
-0.494140625,
0.2120361328,
-0.2475585938,
-0.5639648438,
0.2396240234,
-0.3913574219,
1.0654296875,
0.6962890625,
0.6499023438,
0.3188476562,
0.865234375,
-0.5786132812,
-0.486328125,
0.4025878906,
-0.0271606445,
0.5234375,
-0.1330566406,
-0.3181152344,
-0.8022460938,
-0.9404296875,
-0.0932006836,
-0.533203125,
0.3249511719,
-0.4440917969,
0.33203125,
0.019317627,
-1.2666015625,
-0.6567382812,
-0.6557617188,
0.3876953125,
0.876953125,
-0.6704101562,
0.96484375,
0.8579101562,
0.814453125,
-1.162109375,
-1.041015625,
0.0552368164,
-0.9653320312,
-0.6450195312,
-0.0860595703,
1.4755859375,
0.0193634033,
0.3022460938,
0.3974609375,
1.0380859375,
0.1350097656,
-0.3430175781,
1.052734375,
0.5561523438,
0.4892578125,
-0.609375,
-0.7446289062,
-1.0625,
-2.23828125,
-0.3271484375,
0.0297088623,
0.1697998047,
-0.2741699219,
0.1106567383,
-0.6850585938,
-0.5234375,
0.533203125,
-0.3767089844,
-0.2142333984,
0.859375,
0.7846679688,
0.2888183594,
0.0685424805,
1.0419921875,
-0.0394287109,
-1.548828125,
-0.7094726562,
-0.4982910156,
-0.0301055908,
-0.3054199219,
-1.0126953125,
0.3815917969,
-1.568359375,
0.2109375,
1.0654296875,
-0.3371582031,
-0.9096679688,
-0.2260742188,
-0.2719726562,
-0.3740234375,
-0.1383056641,
-0.3430175781,
1.064453125,
-0.3156738281,
-0.5737304688,
-0.1148071289,
-0.1755371094,
-0.6416015625,
0.4399414062,
0.0438232422,
0.2141113281,
-0.3627929688,
-0.0886230469,
0.1149291992,
0.0229187012,
1.9794921875,
-0.4465332031,
0.1915283203,
-0.2388916016,
-1.193359375,
0.1396484375,
-0.2761230469,
0.0720825195,
0.0103225708,
0.423828125,
-0.7841796875,
-0.818359375,
0.1672363281,
-0.3894042969,
-0.3581542969,
-0.7827148438,
0.580078125,
-0.3012695312,
1.1884765625,
-0.4614257812,
0.2780761719,
-0.4462890625,
-0.708984375,
-1.005859375,
-0.2133789062,
1.04296875,
-0.5126953125,
0.8271484375,
0.018661499,
-0.3024902344,
-0.1401367188,
0.6997070312,
1.1904296875,
0.2368164062,
-0.2076416016,
0.3034667969,
0.8217773438,
0.3132324219,
-0.3508300781,
-0.4995117188,
-0.5209960938,
0.2758789062,
-0.2868652344,
-0.3793945312,
-0.5932617188,
-0.693359375,
-0.2995605469,
0.384765625,
0.0660400391,
0.0886230469,
-0.1949462891,
-0.1122436523,
-0.1884765625,
0.7807617188,
-0.6528320312,
-0.939453125,
-0.8349609375,
-0.2287597656,
-1.369140625,
-0.4953613281,
1.4775390625,
-0.0719604492,
-0.7646484375,
-0.3005371094,
1.0283203125,
-0.3291015625,
-0.0546569824,
0.2210693359,
0.126953125,
-0.0458984375,
-0.2357177734,
-2.107421875,
0.8071289062,
0.8481445312,
1.0185546875,
-0.9614257812,
-0.2529296875,
-0.3356933594,
-0.4367675781,
-0.369140625,
0.3310546875,
0.0200042725,
-0.0759887695,
-0.1154785156,
-1.7978515625,
-0.2971191406,
-0.68359375,
0.3784179688,
0.7255859375,
-0.751953125,
1.1923828125,
0.5073242188,
1.3212890625,
0.3811035156,
-0.0182952881,
0.4990234375,
-0.37890625,
0.3706054688,
0.5615234375,
0.3676757812,
0.4970703125,
0.6284179688,
0.4147949219,
2.037109375,
-0.5654296875,
-0.1829833984,
-0.0191497803,
-0.5444335938,
0.8291015625,
0.059173584,
0.067565918,
0.666015625,
-0.0191497803,
-0.8974609375,
-0.3842773438,
0.4514160156,
0.1831054688,
-0.7778320312,
-0.1796875,
0.2897949219,
0.2220458984,
0.537109375,
0.4135742188,
-0.4931640625,
0.0372619629,
1.5048828125,
0.1925048828,
1.2197265625,
0.2233886719,
-0.869140625,
-0.8344726562,
-0.4694824219,
-1.0537109375,
-0.3247070312,
-0.607421875,
-0.001830101,
-0.9931640625,
0.0648193359,
-0.4963378906,
0.4790039062,
0.947265625,
-0.57421875,
-0.6845703125,
-0.6518554688,
0.2170410156,
-1.19921875,
1.921875,
-0.701171875,
0.0546569824,
1.123046875,
-0.2221679688,
0.1297607422,
-1.025390625,
0.6015625,
-0.1826171875,
0.4052734375,
-1.2646484375,
0.673828125,
0.93359375,
-0.7924804688,
-0.0045471191,
0.8588867188,
0.1276855469,
0.1297607422,
0.2778320312,
0.1879882812,
0.3933105469,
-0.2885742188,
0.3486328125,
-0.2010498047,
-0.1920166016,
1.0009765625,
0.4663085938,
-0.2019042969,
0.0361633301,
0.1104125977,
-0.5375976562,
0.2912597656,
-0.0529174805,
-0.2529296875,
-0.1735839844,
-0.0750732422,
0.5498046875,
-0.21484375,
-0.1086425781,
0.8969726562,
-1.0078125,
0.1326904297,
0.4794921875,
-0.1921386719,
-0.9370117188,
-0.5688476562,
-0.1083374023,
0.2763671875,
-0.7138671875,
-0.7817382812,
-0.0876464844,
-0.5649414062,
-1.5634765625,
0.576171875,
0.8935546875,
-0.0718383789,
-1.439453125,
0.9887695312,
-0.5087890625,
-0.953125,
-0.4975585938,
-0.1339111328,
-0.2619628906,
1.0224609375,
0.5639648438,
0.0935668945,
0.90625,
-1.048828125,
0.4228515625,
-0.0723876953,
0.2261962891,
-0.2020263672,
0.2318115234,
0.2000732422,
-0.734375,
0.9677734375,
-0.0118637085,
0.619140625,
0.7065429688,
1.2099609375,
0.3210449219,
0.7583007812,
0.8676757812,
0.0452270508,
0.0361022949,
1.279296875,
-0.0783081055,
0.1249389648,
1.48828125,
1.025390625,
-1.205078125,
-0.7651367188,
-0.5537109375,
-0.2312011719,
0.1312255859,
0.7866210938,
-0.716796875,
-0.2199707031,
-0.0932617188,
-0.734375,
-0.9897460938,
1.4208984375,
-0.1766357422,
-0.1124267578,
0.2836914062,
0.828125,
0.765625,
-0.8588867188,
-0.6977539062,
0.6899414062,
0.3251953125,
0.169921875,
-0.80078125,
0.9106445312,
-0.748046875,
-0.5546875,
-0.275390625,
0.0033168793,
1.8095703125,
0.56640625,
-0.89453125,
-0.2827148438,
0.2390136719,
0.259765625,
-0.95703125,
1.26953125,
-0.9741210938,
-0.3950195312,
0.5581054688,
-0.521484375,
-1.2548828125,
-0.7822265625,
-0.5537109375,
-0.1434326172,
0.845703125,
0.3232421875,
-0.5219726562,
-0.1409912109,
0.2646484375,
-0.4382324219,
0.1368408203,
0.5502929688,
1.705078125,
0.5454101562,
0.6240234375,
-0.0579528809,
0.333984375,
1.435546875,
0.916015625,
-1.072265625,
-0.1618652344,
0.6743164062,
0.4086914062,
0.3916015625,
-0.1192626953,
0.3842773438,
0.59375,
-1.0859375,
0.775390625,
0.7216796875,
0.2399902344,
0.1159057617,
0.2126464844,
-0.0892944336,
0.0985717773,
0.4228515625,
0.8720703125,
-0.2661132812,
0.8559570312,
-0.5786132812,
-0.0714111328,
-0.306640625,
-0.3664550781,
0.4699707031,
0.3254394531,
0.5805664062,
-0.4904785156,
0.1787109375,
-0.2670898438,
0.4250488281,
-0.6240234375,
-0.3154296875,
-0.3681640625,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2100830078,
-0.2155761719,
0.0676879883,
0.0134658813,
0.9643554688,
-0.6284179688,
0.8608398438,
0.1423339844,
0.1358642578,
-0.2338867188,
-1.3056640625,
0.2144775391,
0.1198120117,
-1.31640625,
0.3078613281,
-1.9833984375,
-0.3393554688,
-0.501953125,
0.4736328125,
-0.1939697266,
-0.9580078125,
0.1594238281,
0.1711425781,
0.2025146484,
-0.2380371094,
0.4582519531,
1.12890625,
-0.7358398438,
0.3256835938,
-0.6127929688,
0.8100585938,
-0.5791015625,
-1.623046875,
-0.4865722656,
0.1901855469,
0.1726074219,
-0.4538574219,
-0.6572265625,
-0.1246337891,
-0.4738769531,
0.0770263672,
-0.3244628906,
0.7465820312,
-0.2626953125,
0.0938110352,
-1.3701171875,
-0.0119476318,
0.771484375,
0.4621582031,
-1.384765625,
0.4401855469,
-0.0991210938,
-0.1030273438,
-0.5473632812,
-0.3020019531,
-0.3068847656,
-0.3208007812,
0.4436035156,
-0.8505859375,
-0.7470703125,
-0.1317138672,
-0.1157836914,
0.2722167969,
0.521484375,
0.3408203125,
-0.0086669922,
0.7114257812,
0.4084472656,
-1.7900390625,
-0.2810058594,
-0.33203125,
-0.7978515625,
0.6904296875,
0.6694335938,
0.654296875,
0.3132324219,
-0.5776367188,
0.9370117188,
-0.5229492188,
-0.9189453125,
-0.1489257812,
-0.5419921875,
-2.408203125,
-0.556640625,
0.3666992188,
-1.03125,
0.4458007812,
-0.0901489258,
0.6909179688,
0.6625976562,
0.1427001953,
-0.4990234375,
-0.0446166992,
0.0462036133,
0.0574951172,
-0.4411621094,
-0.021194458,
0.845703125,
-0.0977783203,
-1.494140625,
-10.2734375,
0.4921875,
-0.26171875,
-0.6879882812,
-1.3427734375,
0.1989746094,
1.181640625,
0.0048828125,
-0.1646728516,
-0.7333984375,
-0.0598144531,
0.5126953125,
-0.4731445312,
-0.8090820312,
-0.40234375,
-1.265625,
-0.9370117188,
-0.4814453125,
-0.27734375,
-0.2575683594,
-0.1723632812,
0.1784667969,
-0.8759765625,
0.5600585938,
-0.4213867188,
0.1813964844,
0.0003783703,
-0.671875,
0.0669555664,
0.6044921875,
0.8505859375,
-0.3991699219,
-0.5385742188,
0.4401855469,
-0.3981933594,
1.1044921875,
0.0131835938,
1.3759765625,
0.4331054688,
-0.2213134766,
-0.1236572266,
0.3586425781,
-0.8798828125,
1.265625,
-0.4013671875,
0.1296386719,
0.7827148438,
-0.6977539062,
-0.2347412109,
0.4079589844,
-1.2724609375,
1.138671875,
0.046661377,
-0.6391601562,
-0.1531982422,
0.1397705078,
-0.8657226562,
0.4453125,
-0.2253417969,
0.3386230469,
-0.552734375,
-1.5068359375,
0.1672363281,
0.3820800781,
-0.80859375,
-0.2049560547,
-0.2237548828,
-0.62890625,
-1.029296875,
-0.5366210938,
0.4094238281,
-1.3173828125,
1.251953125,
-1.2431640625,
1.236328125,
0.7294921875,
-0.9096679688,
-0.7407226562,
-0.062286377,
-0.088684082,
-0.9516601562,
0.2734375
] |
Analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle (384–322 B.C. ), though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development. The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying;" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses. As a formal concept, the method has variously been ascribed to Alhazen, René Descartes (Discourse on the Method), and Galileo Galilei. It has also been ascribed to Isaac Newton, in the form of a practical method of physical discovery (which he did not name). Applications
Science
The field of chemistry uses analysis in three ways: to identify the components of a particular chemical compound (qualitative analysis), to identify the proportions of components in a mixture (quantitative analysis), and to break down chemical processes and examine chemical reactions between elements of matter. For an example of its use, analysis of the concentration of elements is important in managing a nuclear reactor, so nuclear scientists will analyze neutron activation to develop discrete measurements within vast samples. A matrix can have a considerable effect on the way a chemical analysis is conducted and the quality of its results. Analysis can be done manually or with a device. | [
-0.6704101562,
-0.3774414062,
-0.7202148438,
0.0596618652,
0.1500244141,
0.8115234375,
-0.2153320312,
0.6005859375,
0.1671142578,
0.3786621094,
-0.3439941406,
-0.1049804688,
0.3591308594,
0.2374267578,
-0.3491210938,
-0.4016113281,
-0.2758789062,
-0.5336914062,
0.1538085938,
-0.0156707764,
-0.2541503906,
-0.4326171875,
-0.2316894531,
-1.4111328125,
-0.4265136719,
-0.2749023438,
0.1556396484,
0.1297607422,
0.8056640625,
0.4523925781,
-0.875,
0.059967041,
-0.2269287109,
0.014251709,
0.2078857422,
-0.4223632812,
0.1021118164,
-0.0659790039,
-0.6645507812,
0.201171875,
-1.375,
-0.2308349609,
-0.3278808594,
-0.6899414062,
-0.078125,
-0.0014266968,
-0.58203125,
-0.6259765625,
-0.4943847656,
-0.0531311035,
-0.6918945312,
0.0762939453,
-0.4287109375,
-0.7954101562,
-0.5625,
-0.3466796875,
0.4409179688,
-0.7758789062,
1.1171875,
0.0841064453,
-0.6791992188,
0.2272949219,
-0.3239746094,
-0.4033203125,
0.1907958984,
0.4135742188,
0.0732421875,
-0.0356140137,
-0.1861572266,
-0.2502441406,
0.0119400024,
0.4577636719,
-0.6958007812,
-0.68359375,
0.5830078125,
-0.1106567383,
-0.5317382812,
-0.2563476562,
-0.0348815918,
0.6591796875,
-0.5732421875,
-1.03125,
-0.1890869141,
-0.3503417969,
-0.6176757812,
0.4880371094,
0.1662597656,
-0.5541992188,
0.2922363281,
1.111328125,
0.4267578125,
-0.8364257812,
-0.0405273438,
-0.3239746094,
-0.1716308594,
-0.12890625,
0.1630859375,
0.1553955078,
-0.4853515625,
0.4716796875,
-0.2824707031,
-0.8999023438,
-0.880859375,
0.60546875,
0.5883789062,
0.6665039062,
0.0955810547,
-0.0040626526,
0.0408630371,
-0.2388916016,
0.0579223633,
-0.1458740234,
0.0469970703,
-0.1641845703,
-0.384765625,
0.427734375,
0.0191955566,
-0.1497802734,
-0.5571289062,
-0.1788330078,
-0.359375,
1.572265625,
-0.3005371094,
0.0061950684,
0.1453857422,
-0.1469726562,
0.3386230469,
-0.3481445312,
0.4748535156,
0.2386474609,
0.0291900635,
-0.6811523438,
-0.2797851562,
-0.5556640625,
-0.0121078491,
-0.1330566406,
-0.7626953125,
0.2573242188,
0.1804199219,
0.7294921875,
-0.0096435547,
-0.4162597656,
0.0661010742,
-0.96484375,
0.2836914062,
0.3100585938,
-1.2802734375,
0.1127319336,
0.3112792969,
0.25390625,
-0.64453125,
-0.3112792969,
0.4497070312,
-0.2631835938,
-0.6357421875,
0.291015625,
-0.1492919922,
-0.7587890625,
-0.609375,
-0.9599609375,
-0.55859375,
-0.5913085938,
-0.5278320312,
0.3146972656,
-0.4658203125,
1.22265625,
-0.1129150391,
-0.3432617188,
0.5131835938,
-0.3530273438,
-0.2080078125,
0.3706054688,
0.3918457031,
0.7724609375,
-0.2087402344,
0.9833984375,
-0.0475158691,
0.4602050781,
0.2286376953,
0.0369873047,
-0.2100830078,
-2.080078125,
-0.2829589844,
-0.3547363281,
0.0854492188,
-0.548828125,
0.4899902344,
1.025390625,
-0.7260742188,
-0.53515625,
-0.9545898438,
0.3464355469,
-0.6772460938,
-0.0266876221,
-1.0302734375,
-0.7612304688,
-1.50390625,
-0.6181640625,
-0.4045410156,
0.7822265625,
0.8159179688,
0.3488769531,
0.9560546875,
-0.2087402344,
-0.4287109375,
0.74609375,
0.609375,
-0.0500488281,
0.6284179688,
-0.4548339844,
-0.9702148438,
0.2727050781,
0.6459960938,
0.732421875,
0.2369384766,
0.4309082031,
-0.3232421875,
-0.6137695312,
-0.234375,
0.1849365234,
0.0215454102,
-0.0475463867,
-0.5244140625,
-0.2939453125,
-0.075378418,
0.1790771484,
-0.0626831055,
1.064453125,
0.4841308594,
-0.2744140625,
0.6396484375,
0.2468261719,
-0.0080871582,
0.4968261719,
0.0575256348,
-0.2626953125,
0.44921875,
-1.068359375,
-0.5,
-0.8295898438,
-0.1236572266,
0.2250976562,
-0.2739257812,
-0.462890625,
0.6430664062,
-0.875,
-0.2091064453,
0.1059570312,
0.3459472656,
0.4697265625,
-0.1068725586,
0.5151367188,
0.2153320312,
0.2868652344,
-0.1716308594,
-0.7001953125,
-0.4750976562,
-0.5341796875,
0.2423095703,
-0.4963378906,
-0.4387207031,
-0.0788574219,
0.88671875,
-0.4211425781,
-0.2016601562,
0.1583251953,
-0.6796875,
-0.8251953125,
0.751953125,
-0.5727539062,
0.1420898438,
0.037902832,
0.6391601562,
0.3439941406,
-0.1423339844,
-0.3916015625,
-0.162109375,
-0.6162109375,
0.1306152344,
-0.4904785156,
0.5205078125,
-0.1524658203,
0.3725585938,
-0.7260742188,
0.5693359375,
0.0729370117,
0.2841796875,
0.0550842285,
-0.4345703125,
-0.2055664062,
0.032409668,
-0.1173095703,
-0.3432617188,
0.2668457031,
0.5639648438,
0.3842773438,
0.5776367188,
-0.4499511719,
-0.0084533691,
-0.20703125,
1.205078125,
0.5678710938,
-0.2452392578,
-0.3996582031,
0.6923828125,
0.2353515625,
-0.2854003906,
-0.4299316406,
-0.1076049805,
0.2281494141,
0.0374145508,
0.1182250977,
0.7919921875,
0.7314453125,
-1.1767578125,
-0.5805664062,
-0.6806640625,
-0.2064208984,
-0.3015136719,
-0.66796875,
0.1583251953,
-0.3081054688,
-0.3381347656,
-0.1959228516,
-0.13671875,
1.052734375,
-0.806640625,
-0.4968261719,
0.4802246094,
0.1030883789,
-0.0199279785,
0.6743164062,
0.6782226562,
0.5590820312,
-0.2631835938,
0.5537109375,
0.30859375,
-0.7709960938,
-0.1796875,
-0.3942871094,
-0.1765136719,
-0.0758666992,
0.0611572266,
-0.0700073242,
0.1541748047,
0.3278808594,
-0.2971191406,
-0.8413085938,
0.5737304688,
-0.2724609375,
0.7045898438,
-0.4968261719,
-0.3591308594,
-0.1431884766,
-0.1314697266,
0.302734375,
0.4045410156,
0.2330322266,
0.0559082031,
1.0732421875,
0.4858398438,
-0.0617370605,
-0.705078125,
0.0731811523,
-1.662109375,
0.3356933594,
-0.1274414062,
0.5170898438,
-0.1080322266,
-0.4067382812,
1.1572265625,
0.5029296875,
-0.0877685547,
0.2186279297,
0.0781860352,
-1.2890625,
-0.1116943359,
0.4270019531,
-0.0635375977,
-0.8076171875,
-0.318359375,
-0.4182128906,
-0.4553222656,
-1.369140625,
-0.4177246094,
0.1508789062,
-0.7856445312,
0.1507568359,
-1.1298828125,
0.1170654297,
-0.6005859375,
-0.4438476562,
0.4169921875,
0.751953125,
-0.1228027344,
0.6904296875,
0.4677734375,
-1.0751953125,
0.2839355469,
0.2351074219,
0.1955566406,
-0.8237304688,
-0.9580078125,
-0.3898925781,
0.6440429688,
0.7451171875,
0.4567871094,
-0.0322265625,
-0.2739257812,
-0.62890625,
-0.1531982422,
0.0297393799,
-0.5063476562,
-0.4514160156,
-0.1641845703,
-0.3557128906,
0.5439453125,
0.0142822266,
0.3217773438,
0.1195068359,
-0.6293945312,
-0.4165039062,
0.9096679688,
0.2546386719,
-0.0870361328,
1.48828125,
-0.3291015625,
0.1352539062,
0.2366943359,
-0.7373046875,
-0.0183868408,
0.9516601562,
0.2022705078,
-0.4860839844,
1.0419921875,
-1.1416015625,
0.1174316406,
0.306640625,
0.2917480469,
0.3596191406,
0.3911132812,
0.5717773438,
-0.2783203125,
1.08203125,
-0.1926269531,
-0.1813964844,
0.0647583008,
-0.2419433594,
0.5961914062,
-0.1527099609,
0.8666992188,
-0.6875,
1,
-0.0979003906,
0.7446289062,
0.2044677734,
0.3134765625,
0.1573486328,
0.5620117188,
0.5693359375,
-0.4016113281,
-0.1693115234,
-0.4604492188,
-0.0703125,
-1.1884765625,
-1.1669921875,
-0.8232421875,
1.322265625,
-0.837890625,
-0.970703125,
0.4008789062,
0.7036132812,
-0.0119171143,
0.8315429688,
-1.00390625,
0.0552368164,
0.9990234375,
0.0863647461,
0.2357177734,
-0.3225097656,
0.8046875,
0.939453125,
-0.6030273438,
-0.2138671875,
0.0086135864,
-0.9272460938,
-0.4880371094,
-0.2666015625,
0.9379882812,
-0.2517089844,
-0.020401001,
0.1022338867,
-0.4130859375,
-0.8872070312,
-0.1910400391,
-0.6000976562,
0.1136474609,
-0.1619873047,
-0.0327453613,
-0.6958007812,
-1.15625,
0.0584106445,
-0.2531738281,
0.0265960693,
-0.654296875,
0.4975585938,
-0.0386047363,
-0.2619628906,
1.0771484375,
0.7626953125,
-0.5791015625,
0.515625,
0.6411132812,
-0.0138931274,
-0.48046875,
-1.033203125,
-0.6020507812,
-0.0273132324,
-0.1829833984,
0.3725585938,
0.2125244141,
0.3115234375,
1.1767578125,
-0.3081054688,
0.7626953125,
0.984375,
0.1398925781,
-0.1398925781,
-0.6401367188,
-1.4697265625,
1.1162109375,
0.1067504883,
0.4611816406,
-0.5776367188,
-0.2236328125,
-0.112121582,
0.2049560547,
0.7236328125,
0.6323242188,
-0.1740722656,
-0.0050697327,
-0.099609375,
-0.6752929688,
-0.6567382812,
0.501953125,
-0.1207885742,
0.6064453125,
0.63671875,
0.3676757812,
0.0513916016,
0.3227539062,
0.0596923828,
0.6352539062,
0.8154296875,
-0.5249023438,
0.1945800781,
-0.5009765625,
0.0583496094,
0.4523925781,
0.2081298828,
-0.4895019531,
0.0477294922,
-0.3100585938,
0.6518554688,
0.1166992188,
1.16796875,
-0.0012865067,
0.8154296875,
-0.2922363281,
-0.7260742188,
-0.0146713257,
0.3854980469,
0.6650390625,
0.1116333008,
0.544921875,
0.0220947266,
0.5498046875,
-0.6259765625,
0.1722412109,
-1.0146484375,
0.1433105469,
0.0614929199,
-0.6416015625,
-0.9780273438,
-0.4645996094,
0.7861328125,
0.2873535156,
-0.6416015625,
-0.1019897461,
-0.7763671875,
-0.2448730469,
-0.892578125,
1.521484375,
0.5776367188,
-0.1759033203,
-0.8056640625,
-0.3918457031,
1.302734375,
-0.114074707,
-0.0160675049,
0.3503417969,
-0.1291503906,
0.3493652344,
0.4108886719,
0.7016601562,
0.4482421875,
-0.1759033203,
-0.0018720627,
-0.3051757812,
0.6049804688,
-0.46875,
0.1553955078,
-0.4445800781,
0.2271728516,
1.03125,
0.6010742188,
0.3190917969,
-0.2026367188,
-0.3813476562,
-1.0302734375,
0.49609375,
0.8071289062,
0.169921875,
-0.3532714844,
0.8032226562,
0.59765625,
-0.0132598877,
0.0228729248,
0.6435546875,
-0.1590576172,
0.5029296875,
-1.140625,
0.3811035156,
-0.0547180176,
-0.2575683594,
0.9140625,
0.5048828125,
1.23046875,
0.4816894531,
0.3850097656,
0.078918457,
0.5166015625,
-0.2504882812,
-0.9228515625,
-0.20703125,
-0.373046875,
0.2222900391,
0.3801269531,
-0.7700195312,
-0.1849365234,
-0.474609375,
0.4721679688,
1.0244140625,
0.4768066406,
-1.154296875,
-0.9541015625,
-0.3515625,
-0.66796875,
0.8447265625,
0.6342773438,
0.6005859375,
0.4716796875,
0.3198242188,
-0.1431884766,
-0.3271484375,
0.724609375,
-0.2836914062,
-0.33984375,
-0.2215576172,
-1.1591796875,
0.2291259766,
-0.8950195312,
0.1206054688,
0.904296875,
0.509765625,
-1.5771484375,
-0.3962402344,
-0.7661132812,
-0.8291015625,
-0.1904296875,
0.2056884766,
0.3566894531,
-0.1138305664,
0.4865722656,
-0.1706542969,
-1.17578125,
-0.4423828125,
0.1301269531,
0.1229248047,
0.2127685547,
-0.2214355469,
-0.2414550781,
-0.7314453125,
0.41015625,
-0.5786132812,
-0.7905273438,
0.0093917847,
0.6943359375,
0.4541015625,
0.7119140625,
0.1988525391,
-0.9575195312,
-0.5302734375,
0.3344726562,
-0.3322753906,
-0.0508728027,
0.2521972656,
0.3544921875,
0.5668945312,
-0.5268554688,
-0.0635375977,
0.1694335938,
-0.0727539062,
0.4541015625,
0.6884765625,
0.7690429688,
0.4748535156,
0.0962524414,
-0.2958984375,
-0.919921875,
-0.9560546875,
0.47265625,
0.5571289062,
-0.1510009766,
-0.6298828125,
0.8764648438,
-1.05859375,
-0.0726928711,
-0.3386230469,
0.1036376953,
-0.4577636719,
-0.6181640625,
0.5786132812,
0.2337646484,
1.16796875,
0.798828125,
0.6513671875,
-0.3195800781,
0.2780761719,
-0.0330200195,
0.086730957,
0.2895507812,
-0.2000732422,
-0.1281738281,
0.775390625,
-0.1641845703,
1.296875,
0.5893554688,
0.2105712891,
-0.12890625,
-0.3217773438,
0.0308380127,
-0.3159179688,
-0.9829101562,
0.4575195312,
-0.1734619141,
-0.2060546875,
-0.8784179688,
0.2250976562,
0.047454834,
0.2427978516,
-0.447265625,
0.0866699219,
-0.2364501953,
0.4440917969,
0.6318359375,
0.3930664062,
0.4987792969,
0.0978393555,
-0.1234130859,
-0.0216217041,
0.5478515625,
-0.4118652344,
0.0661621094,
0.5366210938,
0.8149414062,
-0.1373291016,
0.3435058594,
0.181640625,
0.3400878906,
-0.1971435547,
-0.4367675781,
0.4284667969,
0.4970703125,
0.2021484375,
-0.240234375,
-0.4296875,
0.6928710938,
-0.974609375,
-1.0859375,
-0.1665039062,
-0.1705322266,
0.0204162598,
0.9184570312,
0.0448913574,
0.3781738281,
0.0265960693,
0.275390625,
0.4196777344,
0.3464355469,
0.1177978516,
0.1234130859,
-0.3901367188,
-0.4497070312,
-0.3967285156,
-0.533203125,
0.8393554688,
0.1856689453,
0.2941894531,
0.4470214844,
-0.8159179688,
0.5180664062,
-0.220703125,
0.99609375,
0.513671875,
-1.1455078125,
0.6474609375,
-0.2668457031,
0.0605773926,
-0.4372558594,
0.212890625,
0.2807617188,
1.0537109375,
0.1959228516,
1.1337890625,
-0.2731933594,
-1.15625,
0.8286132812,
-0.1235961914,
0.3229980469,
0.1369628906,
0.4592285156,
0.2351074219,
-0.1424560547,
-0.2482910156,
0.4287109375,
-0.0276641846,
0.3706054688,
1.126953125,
0.2192382812,
-0.251953125,
-0.1284179688,
0.6264648438,
0.5629882812,
-0.0556030273,
-0.703125,
-0.5483398438,
-0.5693359375,
0.1682128906,
0.3432617188,
-0.6010742188,
-0.3757324219,
-0.1882324219,
-0.7651367188,
-0.302734375,
0.1182861328,
-0.1749267578,
0.3459472656,
0.2624511719,
0.3286132812,
-0.1960449219,
-0.357421875,
-0.86328125,
0.5478515625,
0.2036132812,
-0.3403320312,
-1.1162109375,
-0.3029785156,
0.1486816406,
-0.2260742188,
0.3510742188,
-0.0105667114,
0.9497070312,
0.3288574219,
-0.7744140625,
0.1925048828,
0.0690307617,
-0.3298339844,
-0.1997070312,
0.3857421875,
0.6752929688,
-0.7666015625,
0.7939453125,
-0.4768066406,
1.3408203125,
-0.041809082,
-0.7016601562,
-0.2844238281,
-0.9365234375,
-0.9125976562,
-0.4284667969,
-0.1939697266,
0.2744140625,
-0.0407714844,
-0.5668945312,
0.33203125,
0.82421875,
-0.8916015625,
-0.8759765625,
-0.1811523438,
-0.6752929688,
-0.0182952881,
0.7788085938,
0.5185546875,
-0.513671875,
0.6025390625,
-0.1274414062,
-0.4948730469,
1.369140625,
-0.0791015625,
-1.1181640625,
-0.4865722656,
-0.986328125,
0.7138671875,
-0.7924804688,
-0.330078125,
0.2391357422,
-0.025970459,
-0.4389648438,
-0.501953125,
-0.0698852539,
-0.2067871094,
0.7290039062,
-0.3388671875,
-0.4365234375,
1.001953125,
-0.9418945312,
-0.0819702148,
0.1966552734,
1.015625,
-0.2111816406,
-0.255859375,
-0.3483886719,
-0.6708984375,
-0.0918579102,
-0.4548339844,
0.8344726562,
-0.1583251953,
0.787109375,
-0.2221679688,
0.2553710938,
-0.5322265625,
-15.7890625,
-0.919921875,
0.1896972656,
-1.033203125,
-0.2438964844,
0.5893554688,
0.1838378906,
0.087890625,
-0.2443847656,
0.0348815918,
-0.114074707,
1.23046875,
-0.2351074219,
-0.0189056396,
0.2242431641,
-1.146484375,
-0.8920898438,
0.3576660156,
-0.6000976562,
0.1970214844,
1.03125,
0.1244506836,
-0.6962890625,
-0.337890625,
-0.7763671875,
0.4924316406,
0.0918579102,
-0.2912597656,
-0.291015625,
0.3237304688,
-0.3344726562,
-0.5112304688,
-0.6875,
0.884765625,
0.4455566406,
-0.2252197266,
0.6010742188,
-0.2342529297,
-0.2341308594,
-0.3366699219,
-0.7724609375,
-0.3510742188,
0.1593017578,
0.2027587891,
-0.1932373047,
0.1246337891,
0.0270690918,
-0.3857421875,
-0.33203125,
-0.5219726562,
1.0029296875,
1.8369140625,
0.8666992188,
-0.1896972656,
-0.3928222656,
0.1436767578,
-0.3193359375,
-0.1003417969,
-0.1048583984,
-0.6420898438,
-0.8793945312,
1.501953125,
-0.2885742188,
-0.3168945312,
0.763671875,
-1.0048828125,
-1.013671875,
-0.0483398438,
-0.2956542969,
-0.4426269531,
0.2125244141,
-0.5073242188,
-0.2020263672,
0.7841796875,
-0.3828125,
-0.0637207031,
0.9682617188,
0.3679199219,
0.23046875,
0.6845703125,
-0.4626464844,
0.1993408203
] |
Types of Analysis:
A) Qualitative Analysis: It is concerned with which components are in a given sample or compound. Example: Precipitation reaction
B) Quantitative Analysis: It is to determine the quantity of individual component present in a given sample or compound. Example: To find concentration by uv-spectrophotometer. Isotopes
Chemists can use isotope analysis to assist analysts with issues in anthropology, archeology, food chemistry, forensics, geology, and a host of other questions of physical science. Analysts can discern the origins of natural and man-made isotopes in the study of environmental radioactivity. Business
Financial statement analysis – the analysis of the accounts and the economic prospects of a firm
Fundamental analysis – a stock valuation method that uses financial analysis
Gap analysis – involves the comparison of actual performance with potential or desired performance of an organization
Business analysis – involves identifying the needs and determining the solutions to business problems
Price analysis – involves the breakdown of a price to a unit figure
Market analysis – consists of suppliers and customers, and price is determined by the interaction of supply and demand
Technical analysis – the study of price action in securities markets in order to forecast future prices
Opportunity analysis – consists of customers trends within the industry, customer demand and experience determine purchasing behavior
Computer science
Requirements analysis – encompasses those tasks that go into determining the needs or conditions to meet for a new or altered product, taking account of the possibly conflicting requirements of the various stakeholders, such as beneficiaries or users. | [
0.4262695312,
-0.4777832031,
-0.3342285156,
0.3408203125,
-0.2371826172,
0.4973144531,
0.1954345703,
-0.4108886719,
0.4765625,
0.4362792969,
-0.6752929688,
0.0449829102,
-0.3273925781,
0.3500976562,
0.337890625,
-0.4240722656,
0.0258483887,
0.2368164062,
-0.3122558594,
-0.0601806641,
0.3063964844,
-0.0813598633,
-0.1511230469,
-1.9248046875,
0.4206542969,
0.0133666992,
0.7197265625,
-0.5454101562,
0.6508789062,
-0.0164031982,
0.0704956055,
-0.0137557983,
-0.3640136719,
0.2269287109,
-0.38671875,
-0.1167602539,
0.8813476562,
-0.755859375,
-0.1663818359,
0.1733398438,
-0.5229492188,
-0.7412109375,
-0.3728027344,
0.1999511719,
0.6967773438,
0.658203125,
-0.6782226562,
-1.34765625,
-0.3662109375,
0.4462890625,
-0.5825195312,
0.689453125,
0.5341796875,
0.1152954102,
-0.7280273438,
-2.23046875,
-0.2145996094,
-0.7915039062,
0.6650390625,
0.067565918,
-0.5473632812,
0.6372070312,
-0.0953369141,
-0.6450195312,
0.2048339844,
0.8173828125,
0.2182617188,
-0.0866699219,
0.4306640625,
-0.0718994141,
0.1909179688,
0.1813964844,
-0.3110351562,
-0.2438964844,
0.3762207031,
0.6650390625,
0.3513183594,
-0.0928955078,
-0.1004638672,
0.4350585938,
-1.515625,
-0.0991821289,
-0.0778198242,
-0.509765625,
-0.0767822266,
0.6391601562,
0.0255432129,
-0.373046875,
-0.3203125,
2.080078125,
-0.2244873047,
-0.4677734375,
0.0714111328,
-0.5341796875,
-0.2014160156,
-0.2210693359,
0.2462158203,
0.2946777344,
-0.0912475586,
0.1920166016,
-0.4272460938,
-0.8310546875,
-0.5190429688,
0.5625,
0.5649414062,
0.4167480469,
0.1666259766,
0.3552246094,
-0.0927124023,
0.0569458008,
0.0713500977,
0.4660644531,
0.6176757812,
-0.5551757812,
-0.5786132812,
0.3073730469,
-0.9008789062,
0.6674804688,
-0.2230224609,
-0.60546875,
0.0487365723,
1.626953125,
0.5649414062,
0.6782226562,
-0.4089355469,
0.0306549072,
0.5493164062,
0.0456542969,
1.142578125,
-0.2065429688,
0.0528869629,
0.5009765625,
-0.4240722656,
-0.0470275879,
-0.0706787109,
-0.4897460938,
-0.595703125,
-0.1407470703,
1.0595703125,
0.4816894531,
0.0590515137,
-0.0736694336,
-0.2116699219,
-0.5908203125,
-0.1064453125,
0.2286376953,
-0.7373046875,
0.1241455078,
0.3029785156,
0.8071289062,
-0.2095947266,
-0.4470214844,
0.1505126953,
0.2069091797,
-0.400390625,
-0.6157226562,
0.1818847656,
-0.30078125,
0.1336669922,
0.2609863281,
-0.8701171875,
-0.1185913086,
-0.5336914062,
-0.0687255859,
-1.095703125,
-0.051940918,
-0.236328125,
-0.607421875,
0.3735351562,
-0.3024902344,
0.0839233398,
0.0942382812,
0.6440429688,
0.5512695312,
-0.8618164062,
0.6401367188,
0.2878417969,
0.2687988281,
-0.6381835938,
0.212890625,
-0.7827148438,
-0.2707519531,
0.3977050781,
-0.5712890625,
-0.443359375,
-0.4931640625,
-0.615234375,
1.181640625,
0.3881835938,
-0.2741699219,
-0.2841796875,
-0.4301757812,
-0.8876953125,
0.1545410156,
-1.0693359375,
-1.0791015625,
-0.2502441406,
-0.9711914062,
0.625,
0.1774902344,
0.2602539062,
0.3981933594,
0.4020996094,
0.3415527344,
-0.4418945312,
0.7504882812,
-0.1624755859,
0.1533203125,
0.650390625,
0.3657226562,
-0.4597167969,
0.2332763672,
0.0881347656,
-0.1219482422,
0.2142333984,
-0.0735473633,
-0.3283691406,
-0.7099609375,
-0.4641113281,
0.0559997559,
-0.5620117188,
0.4675292969,
-0.83203125,
0.3288574219,
0.3205566406,
0.7045898438,
0.2254638672,
1.4853515625,
0.3330078125,
-0.7290039062,
0.2348632812,
0.8979492188,
0.4458007812,
0.6005859375,
0.0939941406,
-0.3203125,
0.7197265625,
0.3752441406,
0.0843505859,
0.5766601562,
0.3801269531,
1.3154296875,
0.034576416,
-0.2340087891,
1.1455078125,
-0.7890625,
-1.060546875,
-0.3530273438,
-0.5581054688,
0.6772460938,
-0.236328125,
0.3454589844,
-0.7788085938,
0.6552734375,
0.7626953125,
0.552734375,
-0.3415527344,
-1.138671875,
-0.4211425781,
-0.4736328125,
-0.2985839844,
0.0077323914,
-0.0060081482,
-0.859375,
-0.4672851562,
0.5595703125,
-1.2236328125,
-1.07421875,
1.55859375,
-0.8115234375,
-0.556640625,
-0.2990722656,
0.5620117188,
-1.4697265625,
-0.37109375,
0.1089477539,
-0.0330810547,
-0.9384765625,
-0.1943359375,
0.5869140625,
-0.1999511719,
0.3981933594,
0.1149902344,
-0.3759765625,
0.6337890625,
0.2276611328,
0.2993164062,
0.3073730469,
-0.0129470825,
0.8774414062,
-0.6674804688,
-0.4565429688,
-0.6552734375,
0.7182617188,
-0.4155273438,
0.53515625,
0.4948730469,
-0.0784912109,
1.0361328125,
0.875,
-0.0567626953,
-0.3635253906,
-0.1947021484,
-0.0654296875,
1.2890625,
0.5322265625,
-0.5654296875,
-0.3518066406,
1.7001953125,
-0.1485595703,
0.51171875,
-0.1682128906,
1.04296875,
1.5498046875,
-0.466796875,
-0.5400390625,
-1.06640625,
1.1796875,
0.0273895264,
-1.056640625,
0.1702880859,
-0.0517578125,
-0.053314209,
-1.3251953125,
0.2390136719,
0.4375,
-1.123046875,
-0.236328125,
-0.517578125,
0.3190917969,
0.4279785156,
0.28515625,
0.47265625,
0.888671875,
0.0000181794,
0.427734375,
-0.1151123047,
-0.8725585938,
-0.7392578125,
0.1567382812,
-0.5415039062,
-0.4191894531,
-0.4790039062,
-0.3083496094,
0.4138183594,
-0.7202148438,
-0.2973632812,
-0.7861328125,
0.7338867188,
-0.1981201172,
0.3566894531,
-0.4020996094,
0.112487793,
-0.5258789062,
-1.20703125,
0.0971679688,
-0.2034912109,
-0.0819091797,
-0.6474609375,
0.9467773438,
-0.3295898438,
-0.0733642578,
-0.9267578125,
1.0068359375,
-0.6181640625,
-0.5473632812,
-0.4494628906,
-0.333984375,
0.2238769531,
0.0262298584,
0.4536132812,
0.2272949219,
-0.0586547852,
0.3100585938,
0.3366699219,
-1.041015625,
0.73828125,
1.0634765625,
-0.4296875,
-0.3630371094,
-0.5151367188,
-0.359375,
-0.121887207,
-0.1087036133,
-0.6772460938,
-0.2481689453,
0.2009277344,
-0.4812011719,
-1.5703125,
0.42578125,
-0.4968261719,
-0.7993164062,
0.5678710938,
0.3723144531,
0.3405761719,
1.115234375,
-0.3317871094,
-0.65234375,
0.3779296875,
0.2003173828,
0.4050292969,
-0.2082519531,
0.1665039062,
-0.0913696289,
0.3266601562,
0.3483886719,
0.3999023438,
0.3403320312,
-0.0536193848,
-0.3146972656,
0.5151367188,
-0.0353393555,
-0.5654296875,
-0.7485351562,
0.2301025391,
0.0199127197,
0.7587890625,
-0.814453125,
-0.375,
0.5122070312,
-1.17578125,
-0.3986816406,
1.10546875,
0.3120117188,
-0.9272460938,
0.7490234375,
0.421875,
-0.2326660156,
0.6826171875,
-1.013671875,
-1.18359375,
1.005859375,
-0.2060546875,
-0.1619873047,
0.4040527344,
-0.3415527344,
0.0151596069,
0.8627929688,
0.7080078125,
0.66796875,
0.98828125,
1.15625,
0.9833984375,
0.12890625,
-0.1921386719,
0.76171875,
0.1610107422,
0.5747070312,
0.2355957031,
-0.3251953125,
1.1533203125,
0.2380371094,
1.396484375,
-0.4877929688,
0.4812011719,
0.5678710938,
-0.0598449707,
0.2604980469,
-1.1796875,
1.1337890625,
-0.3503417969,
0.4643554688,
-0.3884277344,
-0.0487670898,
-0.4331054688,
-1.041015625,
-1.255859375,
1.0068359375,
-0.9267578125,
-0.3088378906,
0.6469726562,
1.1259765625,
-0.0437316895,
0.5024414062,
-0.2296142578,
0.5043945312,
0.7919921875,
0.4580078125,
0.1111450195,
-0.65625,
0.6450195312,
0.094543457,
-0.046081543,
-0.0467224121,
0.2502441406,
-0.6274414062,
-0.9848632812,
-0.5224609375,
-0.3002929688,
-0.4990234375,
0.5102539062,
-0.5029296875,
-0.1522216797,
0.4323730469,
-0.6821289062,
0.5673828125,
0.4064941406,
0.5092773438,
0.9560546875,
-0.693359375,
-1.0390625,
0.58203125,
-0.3002929688,
0.5209960938,
-1.498046875,
0.7236328125,
-0.9052734375,
0.4001464844,
0.3322753906,
0.787109375,
-0.9780273438,
0.9985351562,
0.1970214844,
-0.7446289062,
-0.3498535156,
-0.2322998047,
-0.5122070312,
0.1506347656,
0.4523925781,
1.056640625,
-0.1519775391,
0.0519714355,
0.2487792969,
-0.552734375,
-1.0146484375,
0.6791992188,
0.4775390625,
-0.3298339844,
-0.1682128906,
-1.3232421875,
0.451171875,
-0.1616210938,
0.779296875,
-0.1429443359,
-0.0434265137,
-0.1207275391,
-0.5966796875,
1.3037109375,
-0.3125,
0.2624511719,
0.1042480469,
0.4741210938,
-0.8012695312,
-0.4606933594,
-0.2290039062,
-0.2731933594,
0.697265625,
0.2086181641,
0.5932617188,
-0.3586425781,
0.8432617188,
-0.0450134277,
0.2531738281,
0.5908203125,
-0.9594726562,
0.224609375,
-0.794921875,
0.2482910156,
0.0629882812,
-1.0703125,
-0.1838378906,
-0.4223632812,
0.1883544922,
0.5600585938,
0.2890625,
0.5087890625,
-0.4504394531,
0.818359375,
-0.0833740234,
0.396484375,
-0.6904296875,
0.8159179688,
0.7993164062,
0.4865722656,
1.181640625,
-0.7734375,
1.1201171875,
-1.349609375,
0.7104492188,
0.3034667969,
-0.1411132812,
-0.0101089478,
-0.69140625,
-1.1162109375,
0.9951171875,
1.58203125,
0.7802734375,
-0.5087890625,
-0.1102294922,
-0.5737304688,
0.2266845703,
0.8237304688,
1.4541015625,
-0.4650878906,
-0.9604492188,
-0.142578125,
-0.8217773438,
1.646484375,
0.1971435547,
-0.3891601562,
0.4128417969,
0.2122802734,
0.2075195312,
0.3381347656,
0.4802246094,
-0.4509277344,
0.4052734375,
-0.4858398438,
-0.7646484375,
0.3012695312,
0.2590332031,
0.4338378906,
-1.0810546875,
-0.0969238281,
1.1865234375,
0.2299804688,
0.0061378479,
0.48828125,
-0.3479003906,
0.3547363281,
-0.1455078125,
1.3388671875,
-0.73828125,
-0.345703125,
0.3803710938,
0.3403320312,
-0.1258544922,
-0.1359863281,
0.1800537109,
0.8989257812,
0.2612304688,
0.0078201294,
-0.5043945312,
0.1364746094,
-0.1599121094,
1.0537109375,
-0.2770996094,
1.025390625,
0.1857910156,
0.3156738281,
0.3063964844,
0.6474609375,
0.0278320312,
-1.703125,
-0.4213867188,
-0.9877929688,
0.1484375,
0.2790527344,
-1.330078125,
-0.8696289062,
-0.755859375,
0.1909179688,
0.5576171875,
-0.2556152344,
-1.2734375,
-1.0908203125,
1.3017578125,
-0.0121994019,
0.6977539062,
0.5141601562,
-1.1943359375,
0.1513671875,
-0.6875,
0.1499023438,
-0.0419006348,
1.001953125,
-0.3974609375,
-0.0917358398,
-0.3234863281,
-0.8627929688,
0.2431640625,
-0.94140625,
0.1517333984,
0.8872070312,
-0.28515625,
-1.650390625,
-0.2037353516,
-0.7309570312,
-0.8237304688,
0.2098388672,
-0.0596008301,
0.3591308594,
-0.104309082,
1.4482421875,
-0.0545043945,
-0.8740234375,
-0.755859375,
0.2744140625,
-1.462890625,
-0.3879394531,
-0.8598632812,
-0.6333007812,
0.4450683594,
-1.037109375,
-0.6684570312,
-0.1827392578,
0.3725585938,
1.197265625,
-0.3415527344,
0.0024757385,
-0.2712402344,
-1.4091796875,
-0.8120117188,
1.177734375,
-1.1083984375,
-0.0928344727,
-0.1370849609,
0.8198242188,
0.6625976562,
-0.7216796875,
-0.7631835938,
0.2186279297,
0.4128417969,
0.1762695312,
0.390625,
0.5610351562,
-0.9580078125,
0.4536132812,
-0.2966308594,
-0.3032226562,
-1.0517578125,
0.2724609375,
-0.3271484375,
-0.2963867188,
-0.0440673828,
-0.4348144531,
-0.8056640625,
0.4990234375,
0.4860839844,
-0.3657226562,
-0.486328125,
-1.005859375,
0.3837890625,
-0.5478515625,
0.6005859375,
0.3388671875,
1.1162109375,
0.1201171875,
-0.1726074219,
-0.26171875,
-0.447265625,
0.5854492188,
-0.0248260498,
-0.4873046875,
0.6801757812,
0.3901367188,
1.0849609375,
0.0946655273,
-0.1625976562,
0.2257080078,
-1.404296875,
-0.73828125,
0.1018676758,
-0.1989746094,
-0.0667724609,
-0.921875,
-0.7719726562,
-0.7119140625,
-0.55859375,
0.1966552734,
0.5849609375,
-0.1018066406,
-0.0846557617,
-0.6040039062,
0.6293945312,
0.68359375,
0.9443359375,
0.3449707031,
0.1095581055,
-0.2729492188,
-0.666015625,
0.2248535156,
-0.9916992188,
0.291015625,
0.4670410156,
0.0740356445,
0.4479980469,
0.3742675781,
0.1048583984,
0.1815185547,
0.1518554688,
0.2702636719,
-0.1640625,
0.59375,
0.1860351562,
-0.0689697266,
-0.9965820312,
-0.1987304688,
-0.2587890625,
-0.548828125,
-0.6669921875,
-1.1552734375,
0.5415039062,
1.1123046875,
-0.0658569336,
-0.1932373047,
-0.1217651367,
-0.2702636719,
-0.1837158203,
-0.60546875,
-0.0116424561,
-0.1593017578,
-0.0330505371,
-1.2041015625,
-0.1713867188,
-0.3369140625,
-0.2486572266,
-0.2927246094,
0.1663818359,
0.0411376953,
0.1052856445,
0.9409179688,
-0.2819824219,
0.1889648438,
-0.2076416016,
-0.8032226562,
-0.5200195312,
-0.0880126953,
-0.7822265625,
-0.9345703125,
0.3679199219,
-0.2331542969,
0.9282226562,
0.6455078125,
0.5888671875,
-0.3061523438,
-1.1708984375,
1.2119140625,
-0.3566894531,
-0.3471679688,
-0.3422851562,
-0.3352050781,
0.0388183594,
0.5991210938,
0.0648803711,
0.0152359009,
0.0088806152,
-0.681640625,
0.962890625,
0.7099609375,
0.4816894531,
-0.0661621094,
0.7021484375,
0.4560546875,
-0.2822265625,
-0.6381835938,
-0.9194335938,
-0.3989257812,
0.0360107422,
-0.0875244141,
-0.0717163086,
-0.521484375,
0.4926757812,
-1.4384765625,
0.0226898193,
-0.6479492188,
0.3217773438,
0.0687866211,
0.0160064697,
0.88671875,
-0.6577148438,
-0.1133422852,
-0.0296936035,
0.3605957031,
0.2474365234,
0.255859375,
-0.9736328125,
-1.005859375,
0.5859375,
0.3815917969,
0.0360717773,
-0.6591796875,
-0.0764770508,
0.2824707031,
0.7045898438,
-0.1741943359,
0.1447753906,
0.2043457031,
-0.1752929688,
0.796875,
0.5239257812,
0.0379638672,
-0.6352539062,
-1.3408203125,
0.4504394531,
0.0272064209,
0.728515625,
-0.6616210938,
-1.5078125,
-1.80078125,
0.4650878906,
-0.2482910156,
0.2548828125,
0.0304107666,
0.019317627,
0.0893554688,
-0.2785644531,
0.061340332,
-0.1732177734,
1.66015625,
-0.5244140625,
-0.638671875,
0.5239257812,
-0.1225585938,
0.0261230469,
0.5512695312,
0.1976318359,
-0.0236206055,
1.271484375,
-0.2744140625,
-0.490234375,
0.2800292969,
-0.798828125,
-0.33984375,
-0.88671875,
-0.5864257812,
-0.2443847656,
0.1146240234,
-1.373046875,
-0.341796875,
-0.0542907715,
0.0787963867,
0.609375,
0.5034179688,
-0.5688476562,
0.6635742188,
-0.578125,
-0.0189056396,
0.3537597656,
0.564453125,
-0.5776367188,
-0.7666015625,
0.255859375,
-0.5483398438,
0.4792480469,
-0.8715820312,
0.6127929688,
-0.2045898438,
0.9565429688,
0.3208007812,
1.7392578125,
-1.0498046875,
-13.2578125,
-0.8559570312,
0.6811523438,
-1.5634765625,
-1.43359375,
-0.1490478516,
0.2541503906,
-0.6362304688,
-0.5224609375,
0.4543457031,
-0.8564453125,
0.1959228516,
-0.1986083984,
-1.3798828125,
0.4333496094,
0.1166381836,
-1.427734375,
0.3957519531,
0.5307617188,
-0.724609375,
0.6889648438,
0.9248046875,
0.2685546875,
-0.7807617188,
-0.2644042969,
0.9487304688,
-0.0848999023,
-0.7241210938,
0.6411132812,
-0.900390625,
-0.236328125,
-0.84375,
-0.98046875,
2.025390625,
0.5458984375,
-0.4663085938,
0.208984375,
0.4560546875,
-0.1516113281,
-0.5263671875,
0.1125488281,
-0.5649414062,
-0.8505859375,
-1.1240234375,
-0.2722167969,
-0.0123214722,
-0.44140625,
0.4333496094,
-0.2056884766,
0.1892089844,
-0.3422851562,
0.041229248,
0.59765625,
-0.9580078125,
-0.8588867188,
0.1745605469,
0.5698242188,
-0.5673828125,
-0.5483398438,
0.5942382812,
0.2020263672,
1.3759765625,
-0.259765625,
0.4304199219,
0.3156738281,
-0.3232421875,
-0.814453125,
-0.1665039062,
-1.486328125,
-0.2059326172,
0.2358398438,
0.533203125,
0.208984375,
1.4482421875,
0.1535644531,
-0.0455932617,
-0.52734375,
-0.0950927734,
0.7490234375,
0.53125,
-0.1555175781,
0.5078125
] |
Competitive analysis (online algorithm) – shows how online algorithms perform and demonstrates the power of randomization in algorithms
Lexical analysis – the process of processing an input sequence of characters and producing as output a sequence of symbols
Object-oriented analysis and design – à la Booch
Program analysis (computer science) – the process of automatically analysing the behavior of computer programs
Semantic analysis (computer science) – a pass by a compiler that adds semantical information to the parse tree and performs certain checks
Static code analysis – the analysis of computer software that is performed without actually executing programs built from that
Structured systems analysis and design methodology – à la Yourdon
Syntax analysis – a process in compilers that recognizes the structure of programming languages, also known as parsing
Worst-case execution time – determines the longest time that a piece of software can take to run
Economics
Agroecosystem analysis
Input–output model if applied to a region, is called Regional Impact Multiplier System
Engineering
Analysts in the field of engineering look at requirements, structures, mechanisms, systems and dimensions. Electrical engineers analyse systems in electronics. Life cycles and system failures are broken down and studied by engineers. It is also looking at different factors incorporated within the design. Intelligence
The field of intelligence employs analysts to break down and understand a wide array of questions. Intelligence agencies may use heuristics, inductive and deductive reasoning, social network analysis, dynamic network analysis, link analysis, and brainstorming to sort through problems they face. Military intelligence may explore issues through the use of game theory, Red Teaming, and wargaming. | [
0.0491027832,
-0.6215820312,
-0.6069335938,
0.5444335938,
-1.0498046875,
0.474609375,
-0.2565917969,
-0.9624023438,
0.052154541,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2352294922,
0.3376464844,
0.005859375,
1.0400390625,
-0.298828125,
-0.7045898438,
-0.2449951172,
0.1069335938,
0.1253662109,
-0.6650390625,
0.8662109375,
-0.0857543945,
-0.2381591797,
-1.9130859375,
0.8706054688,
-0.3393554688,
0.0897216797,
0.0126190186,
0.5126953125,
0.8784179688,
-0.0347290039,
-0.1706542969,
-1.2666015625,
1.328125,
-0.1663818359,
-0.5673828125,
0.1904296875,
-0.7495117188,
-0.8032226562,
0.2451171875,
0.38671875,
-1.03515625,
-0.1779785156,
0.6259765625,
0.6943359375,
0.69140625,
0.0744018555,
-0.9887695312,
-0.890625,
0.0074958801,
-0.3583984375,
0.2310791016,
-0.2032470703,
-0.4887695312,
-0.4006347656,
-0.7768554688,
0.1545410156,
-0.5346679688,
0.2543945312,
-0.1412353516,
-1.1044921875,
0.3879394531,
-0.3342285156,
-0.4719238281,
-0.2176513672,
0.525390625,
-0.3195800781,
0.2644042969,
-0.0980834961,
0.0333862305,
-0.7060546875,
0.2496337891,
-0.2185058594,
-0.60546875,
0.34765625,
0.439453125,
0.2180175781,
-0.1019287109,
-0.2052001953,
0.4904785156,
-0.3454589844,
-0.873046875,
0.3186035156,
-0.2739257812,
-0.2183837891,
0.1939697266,
0.2561035156,
-0.8408203125,
0.1667480469,
1.189453125,
0.1358642578,
-0.7241210938,
-0.3615722656,
-0.8168945312,
0.0055656433,
-0.2717285156,
0.8500976562,
0.853515625,
0.0897827148,
-0.0338134766,
-1.0078125,
-0.4829101562,
-0.525390625,
0.6767578125,
1.5126953125,
-0.0571594238,
-0.1765136719,
0.8017578125,
0.6918945312,
-0.080871582,
-0.4392089844,
-0.0786132812,
-0.2200927734,
0.3041992188,
0.2880859375,
0.0962524414,
0.2890625,
0.41015625,
-0.0375061035,
0.1458740234,
-0.4614257812,
1.0419921875,
0.0689086914,
0.1392822266,
-0.4428710938,
0.4482421875,
-0.0687866211,
-0.6108398438,
0.2075195312,
0.4396972656,
0.8217773438,
-0.6875,
-0.8637695312,
0.9580078125,
0.0708007812,
-0.1208496094,
-0.546875,
0.109375,
0.9370117188,
1.0771484375,
0.517578125,
-0.1721191406,
-1.0517578125,
-0.7172851562,
0.0979003906,
0.4958496094,
-0.6030273438,
1.0556640625,
1.3134765625,
-0.0450439453,
0.0525817871,
-0.5141601562,
0.0316467285,
-0.3151855469,
-0.1047973633,
-0.2065429688,
0.1871337891,
-1.4873046875,
-0.478515625,
0.3505859375,
-0.5375976562,
-1.2939453125,
-0.3950195312,
0.0343322754,
0.0404052734,
0.7578125,
0.0234832764,
0.2231445312,
-0.1566162109,
-0.1846923828,
-0.2183837891,
0.0597229004,
0.7172851562,
0.6083984375,
-0.6796875,
0.2529296875,
-0.0565185547,
0.2993164062,
0.5590820312,
0.1818847656,
-0.3220214844,
-1.294921875,
0.0705566406,
-0.0579833984,
-0.0404663086,
0.4702148438,
-0.2099609375,
-0.0514221191,
-0.2639160156,
-0.6166992188,
-0.2600097656,
0.2375488281,
0.4943847656,
0.7368164062,
-0.2069091797,
-0.068359375,
-0.9204101562,
0.0567321777,
0.2724609375,
1.6533203125,
0.5244140625,
0.857421875,
0.3696289062,
-0.2954101562,
-0.3540039062,
0.51953125,
0.2568359375,
-0.224609375,
0.9565429688,
-0.0133743286,
-0.5288085938,
0.7978515625,
-0.6162109375,
-0.1791992188,
0.60546875,
0.8061523438,
0.3757324219,
-0.5400390625,
0.0270996094,
-0.4504394531,
0.1640625,
-0.1868896484,
-0.2856445312,
-0.5219726562,
-0.7426757812,
-0.6313476562,
0.2758789062,
1.2880859375,
0.2736816406,
-0.2365722656,
-0.0821533203,
0.8486328125,
0.7407226562,
0.2266845703,
1.3623046875,
-0.673828125,
-0.4404296875,
-0.0149688721,
-0.2387695312,
0.5151367188,
-0.1488037109,
0.2841796875,
0.44140625,
-0.0617980957,
0.86328125,
-0.3547363281,
-0.8471679688,
-0.3395996094,
-0.0205230713,
0.1868896484,
-0.2807617188,
0.0472106934,
-1.154296875,
0.8271484375,
0.3168945312,
0.3649902344,
-0.4235839844,
-0.5922851562,
0.0434265137,
-0.5751953125,
-0.419921875,
0.296875,
0.4001464844,
-0.1789550781,
-0.548828125,
0.8623046875,
-0.9125976562,
-0.1019897461,
0.9536132812,
-0.79296875,
-0.0874633789,
-0.8442382812,
0.108215332,
-0.931640625,
-0.228515625,
0.0356445312,
0.33203125,
-0.537109375,
0.421875,
0.6782226562,
0.5161132812,
0.67578125,
0.7495117188,
-0.4643554688,
1.0224609375,
0.0023384094,
0.2030029297,
0.9208984375,
-0.2902832031,
1.052734375,
-0.3215332031,
-0.2242431641,
-0.4853515625,
0.7993164062,
0.9306640625,
-0.0698852539,
0.4848632812,
-0.5766601562,
0.0812988281,
-0.1052246094,
0.5986328125,
-0.1787109375,
0.5283203125,
-1.1357421875,
1.2646484375,
0.1677246094,
-0.9184570312,
-0.5712890625,
-0.0625,
1.119140625,
-0.5590820312,
-0.7509765625,
0.6870117188,
1.1142578125,
-0.3317871094,
-0.6787109375,
-1.455078125,
-0.6391601562,
-0.2404785156,
-0.8544921875,
1.0146484375,
-0.6508789062,
-0.1616210938,
-0.1490478516,
-0.7333984375,
0.9658203125,
-1.3798828125,
0.045715332,
0.053314209,
0.2763671875,
0.8046875,
0.2900390625,
-0.4719238281,
0.1655273438,
-0.3227539062,
0.8862304688,
0.4560546875,
-0.9711914062,
0.3869628906,
-0.634765625,
-0.9497070312,
-0.705078125,
-0.4069824219,
-0.640625,
0.2359619141,
0.4018554688,
-1.5087890625,
-1.7890625,
0.3825683594,
-0.2958984375,
0.7685546875,
-0.5830078125,
-0.5756835938,
-0.1168823242,
-0.3227539062,
-1.3017578125,
0.4284667969,
0.7895507812,
-0.9541015625,
0.8823242188,
0.4821777344,
1.173828125,
-2.033203125,
0.8569335938,
-2.072265625,
0.5048828125,
0.0411682129,
0.1734619141,
-0.2932128906,
-0.763671875,
0.83984375,
-0.0310211182,
-0.2956542969,
-0.0548706055,
0.6640625,
-0.5434570312,
0.0008854866,
1.1552734375,
-0.404296875,
-0.3461914062,
0.1391601562,
-0.9887695312,
-0.0569152832,
-1.0234375,
-1.62890625,
0.55859375,
-0.6801757812,
-0.4279785156,
-1.6103515625,
0.4104003906,
-0.4213867188,
-0.2221679688,
0.9223632812,
1.349609375,
0.6435546875,
0.2570800781,
0.6372070312,
-0.1848144531,
0.8793945312,
0.2670898438,
0.50390625,
-0.5859375,
-1.0078125,
0.3127441406,
0.3137207031,
0.7651367188,
1.376953125,
0.1165771484,
-0.2917480469,
-0.2807617188,
0.482421875,
-0.3986816406,
0.0273284912,
-0.3288574219,
-1.08984375,
-0.4914550781,
1.328125,
0.3989257812,
0.58203125,
0.6713867188,
-1.12890625,
-0.4047851562,
0.8139648438,
-0.4816894531,
-0.7553710938,
1.1669921875,
-0.3171386719,
0.2149658203,
-0.1477050781,
-0.2056884766,
-0.8803710938,
1.5556640625,
0.2609863281,
-0.5893554688,
-0.634765625,
0.2143554688,
-1.1455078125,
0.5444335938,
0.0551452637,
0.1922607422,
0.6416015625,
0.0596008301,
0.4624023438,
-0.0744628906,
0.654296875,
0.740234375,
0.4829101562,
0.1958007812,
0.5756835938,
0.2590332031,
0.0118637085,
-0.6708984375,
1.4228515625,
-0.9760742188,
0.1666259766,
-0.0896606445,
0.2534179688,
-0.5239257812,
-0.2663574219,
0.431640625,
0.837890625,
0.3046875,
-0.7124023438,
0.6889648438,
-0.1879882812,
-1.3330078125,
-0.7216796875,
0.8798828125,
-0.501953125,
-0.3481445312,
-0.388671875,
1.0068359375,
-0.2000732422,
1.08203125,
-0.053527832,
0.0323181152,
0.3117675781,
0.3615722656,
0.0273742676,
-0.3830566406,
0.3283691406,
1.2041015625,
-1.7431640625,
-0.1773681641,
-0.1073608398,
0.0102233887,
-0.5571289062,
-0.3298339844,
0.7333984375,
-0.2521972656,
0.6240234375,
-0.071472168,
-1.20703125,
-0.1036376953,
-0.259765625,
-1.0205078125,
-0.146484375,
-0.2008056641,
0.2805175781,
-0.0520019531,
-1.646484375,
-0.2482910156,
0.2585449219,
-0.3889160156,
-1.5703125,
-0.0312805176,
-0.60546875,
-0.1213378906,
1.025390625,
-0.2844238281,
-0.1899414062,
0.2978515625,
0.2087402344,
-0.1490478516,
-0.2724609375,
-0.666015625,
-1.416015625,
-0.5434570312,
0.1674804688,
-0.7436523438,
0.0570678711,
-0.1715087891,
0.6586914062,
0.5048828125,
-0.26171875,
0.3037109375,
0.1488037109,
0.5395507812,
-0.3203125,
-0.6376953125,
0.7885742188,
-0.1042480469,
0.1529541016,
0.0427856445,
0.1304931641,
-0.8090820312,
-0.6586914062,
0.3686523438,
-0.5107421875,
0.3334960938,
-0.5361328125,
-0.2064208984,
-1.03125,
-0.2023925781,
-0.3754882812,
-0.1132202148,
0.2595214844,
0.0138397217,
0.0975341797,
0.0582885742,
-0.1932373047,
0.1937255859,
0.5942382812,
0.7958984375,
-0.8510742188,
-0.1232910156,
-0.7700195312,
0.4453125,
0.2369384766,
-0.4460449219,
-0.0591430664,
0.1369628906,
-0.4099121094,
1.0283203125,
0.2436523438,
1.00390625,
-0.1953125,
0.9296875,
0.7631835938,
-0.2395019531,
-0.5942382812,
0.3671875,
-0.5366210938,
-0.61328125,
1.125,
0.8276367188,
0.9384765625,
-0.8120117188,
-0.0882568359,
-0.6606445312,
0.4782714844,
0.3833007812,
-0.7866210938,
-0.3615722656,
1.4130859375,
1.732421875,
0.6206054688,
-0.5498046875,
-0.2377929688,
-0.7133789062,
-0.3454589844,
-0.4592285156,
1.2998046875,
0.896484375,
-0.9106445312,
-0.1772460938,
0.3728027344,
1.443359375,
0.2595214844,
-0.4709472656,
-0.2556152344,
-0.6162109375,
0.7255859375,
0.2484130859,
0.5209960938,
-0.1763916016,
-0.751953125,
-0.3498535156,
-0.2980957031,
0.7119140625,
0.2707519531,
0.822265625,
0.0997924805,
0.3059082031,
0.6513671875,
0.0804443359,
0.0922851562,
-0.4562988281,
-0.2060546875,
-1.2041015625,
0.0075149536,
1.0517578125,
-0.5415039062,
-1.0458984375,
0.4638671875,
0.0894775391,
-0.1320800781,
0.0938720703,
-0.3002929688,
0.4333496094,
0.5297851562,
0.4133300781,
-0.5859375,
0.1643066406,
-0.75,
0.8452148438,
-0.4792480469,
1.2080078125,
0.6103515625,
0.1430664062,
0.6567382812,
-0.30078125,
0.6787109375,
-1.41015625,
0.4392089844,
-0.7524414062,
0.3876953125,
-0.126953125,
-1.498046875,
0.0715942383,
0.0994873047,
-0.1008300781,
0.6630859375,
-0.2666015625,
-0.6791992188,
-0.7709960938,
0.3820800781,
-1.2841796875,
0.421875,
0.6953125,
-0.8251953125,
1.27734375,
0.5307617188,
0.2836914062,
-0.0157775879,
0.2568359375,
-0.5546875,
-0.7270507812,
0.9521484375,
-0.8759765625,
0.4714355469,
-0.767578125,
-0.1455078125,
0.5952148438,
0.2221679688,
-1.7255859375,
-0.3857421875,
-0.7436523438,
-0.6420898438,
-0.3933105469,
-0.2209472656,
-0.5595703125,
0.0143890381,
0.775390625,
-0.9970703125,
-0.8173828125,
-0.2541503906,
0.5,
-0.4252929688,
-0.4406738281,
-0.3061523438,
-0.607421875,
-0.6518554688,
-0.3854980469,
-0.779296875,
-1.9521484375,
0.591796875,
1.2451171875,
0.3225097656,
0.666015625,
-0.3630371094,
-1.6015625,
-0.5986328125,
0.8701171875,
0.0184631348,
0.2663574219,
0.2919921875,
0.28515625,
0.6328125,
0.1433105469,
0.3220214844,
0.4538574219,
-0.0604553223,
-0.3940429688,
-0.7377929688,
0.8090820312,
0.123046875,
0.1784667969,
-0.2087402344,
-0.3486328125,
-1.34765625,
0.453125,
0.5131835938,
0.7421875,
0.509765625,
0.1546630859,
-0.9936523438,
0.9384765625,
0.48046875,
-0.1105957031,
-1.0732421875,
-0.3500976562,
-0.0581054688,
0.0689086914,
0.8247070312,
0.0883789062,
0.7133789062,
0.998046875,
0.2244873047,
0.0596313477,
0.0735473633,
1.4296875,
0.1873779297,
-0.1512451172,
1.2158203125,
-0.0721435547,
1.376953125,
-0.1794433594,
-0.1798095703,
0.2233886719,
-0.361328125,
0.4799804688,
-0.6508789062,
-1.955078125,
-0.2038574219,
-0.7158203125,
0.1638183594,
0.1721191406,
-0.0596008301,
-0.2541503906,
0.2751464844,
-0.1370849609,
-0.3366699219,
-0.7451171875,
0.0325927734,
-0.3967285156,
0.5541992188,
0.6826171875,
0.4482421875,
-0.2131347656,
0.1217651367,
0.96484375,
-0.9047851562,
-0.4763183594,
0.8291015625,
-0.5942382812,
-0.2612304688,
0.6552734375,
-0.6669921875,
-0.3391113281,
0.4094238281,
-0.2783203125,
0.2247314453,
0.1044921875,
0.5600585938,
0.2454833984,
-0.8784179688,
-0.6733398438,
-0.2924804688,
-0.5131835938,
-0.7412109375,
-0.5751953125,
0.0748291016,
0.2105712891,
-0.115234375,
-0.2473144531,
0.31640625,
-0.3972167969,
-0.5073242188,
0.0795898438,
0.3293457031,
-0.2631835938,
0.6196289062,
-0.22265625,
-0.0548095703,
0.0485534668,
0.6069335938,
-0.7353515625,
0.7827148438,
0.7612304688,
-0.5639648438,
0.2401123047,
0.0868530273,
-0.3154296875,
1.1904296875,
-0.5649414062,
1.01171875,
0.5297851562,
-0.365234375,
0.4245605469,
-0.033996582,
-0.4792480469,
0.3571777344,
0.3571777344,
1.625,
-0.7875976562,
-1.138671875,
0.8911132812,
-0.0532226562,
0.4702148438,
0.5473632812,
0.2037353516,
-0.0930175781,
-0.0979003906,
-0.4599609375,
0.2010498047,
-0.2561035156,
-0.1905517578,
0.4006347656,
0.5712890625,
-0.6586914062,
-0.1070556641,
-0.5205078125,
0.1497802734,
-0.0142822266,
-0.1804199219,
-0.2215576172,
-0.1424560547,
-0.4079589844,
-0.1084594727,
0.3664550781,
-0.830078125,
-0.4462890625,
-0.2282714844,
0.8696289062,
-0.3603515625,
0.0450744629,
0.026184082,
-0.2010498047,
0.2915039062,
0.1883544922,
-0.4953613281,
-0.6420898438,
0.0095367432,
-0.5717773438,
0.1956787109,
-1.236328125,
-0.6826171875,
0.6928710938,
0.2076416016,
0.1990966797,
-0.0485839844,
-0.955078125,
-0.4284667969,
0.8256835938,
-0.0336914062,
-0.0578308105,
0.798828125,
0.2932128906,
0.7084960938,
0.2604980469,
-0.4255371094,
-0.1544189453,
-1.474609375,
-0.2719726562,
-0.0335388184,
0.7524414062,
-0.4306640625,
-1.2998046875,
-1.1015625,
-0.1128540039,
0.1611328125,
0.6142578125,
-0.4660644531,
0.2121582031,
0.5131835938,
0.7114257812,
0.68359375,
-0.736328125,
0.546875,
-0.0614624023,
-0.6518554688,
0.908203125,
0.3493652344,
-0.10546875,
0.2614746094,
-0.7075195312,
-0.9951171875,
1.2060546875,
-0.38671875,
-0.7641601562,
-0.4248046875,
-0.3608398438,
-0.234375,
-0.9790039062,
-0.4982910156,
0.2966308594,
-0.044921875,
-0.7978515625,
-1.490234375,
-0.8525390625,
-0.1370849609,
0.6259765625,
0.3564453125,
-0.4064941406,
1.9765625,
-0.6108398438,
0.9379882812,
-0.6484375,
1.5009765625,
-0.3337402344,
-0.72265625,
-0.3422851562,
-0.515625,
0.966796875,
0.2331542969,
0.3627929688,
-0.7431640625,
0.884765625,
0.4331054688,
0.2944335938,
-0.654296875,
-12.9296875,
-0.3764648438,
-0.7041015625,
-0.6186523438,
-0.2108154297,
-0.0845336914,
0.6953125,
0.3544921875,
-0.8916015625,
0.1546630859,
0.3972167969,
0.7158203125,
-0.3256835938,
0.0293731689,
0.220703125,
-0.2902832031,
-1.58984375,
-0.5073242188,
0.5703125,
-0.5078125,
0.7973632812,
-0.3195800781,
-0.85546875,
-0.564453125,
-1.6201171875,
1.3642578125,
-0.3715820312,
0.2824707031,
0.1005249023,
-0.5053710938,
0.400390625,
-0.5859375,
-0.2473144531,
1.150390625,
0.345703125,
-1.2490234375,
0.2218017578,
-0.4663085938,
0.2239990234,
-0.66015625,
-0.60546875,
0.1606445312,
-0.6450195312,
-0.2364501953,
0.2398681641,
0.1262207031,
-0.0821533203,
0.1975097656,
0.1071166992,
-0.83984375,
-0.5561523438,
0.9663085938,
0.7866210938,
-1.501953125,
-1.08203125,
-0.265625,
1.361328125,
-0.0952758789,
-0.6469726562,
0.2521972656,
-0.0733032227,
1.75,
-0.6459960938,
-0.6298828125,
0.3154296875,
-0.1595458984,
0.1885986328,
-0.3347167969,
-0.6215820312,
0.1702880859,
0.0956420898,
0.2150878906,
-0.5717773438,
0.7568359375,
-0.3959960938,
0.2294921875,
0.9692382812,
-0.0419616699,
0.3049316406,
0.8920898438,
-0.318359375,
0.37109375
] |
Signals intelligence applies cryptanalysis and frequency analysis to break codes and ciphers. Business intelligence applies theories of competitive intelligence analysis and competitor analysis to resolve questions in the marketplace. Law enforcement intelligence applies a number of theories in crime analysis. Linguistics
Linguistics explores individual languages and language in general. It breaks language down and analyses its component parts: theory, sounds and their meaning, utterance usage, word origins, the history of words, the meaning of words and word combinations, sentence construction, basic construction beyond the sentence level, stylistics, and conversation. It examines the above using statistics and modeling, and semantics. It analyses language in context of anthropology, biology, evolution, geography, history, neurology, psychology, and sociology. It also takes the applied approach, looking at individual language development and clinical issues. Literature
Literary criticism is the analysis of literature. The focus can be as diverse as the analysis of Homer or Freud. While not all literary-critical methods are primarily analytical in nature, the main approach to the teaching of literature in the west since the mid-twentieth century, literary formal analysis or close reading, is. This method, rooted in the academic movement labelled The New Criticism, approaches texts – chiefly short poems such as sonnets, which by virtue of their small size and significant complexity lend themselves well to this type of analysis – as units of discourse that can be understood in themselves, without reference to biographical or historical frameworks. | [
0.1444091797,
-0.5483398438,
-0.087097168,
-0.0009646416,
-0.1888427734,
0.7919921875,
-1.0302734375,
0.0495605469,
0.0387878418,
-0.2897949219,
-0.0356750488,
-0.0723266602,
0.0690307617,
0.7202148438,
-0.2778320312,
-0.634765625,
-0.2131347656,
-0.4094238281,
-0.1838378906,
-0.8564453125,
-0.0242462158,
-0.5859375,
0.0969848633,
-1.205078125,
-0.013885498,
-1.0302734375,
0.1828613281,
-0.2387695312,
0.1140136719,
0.2471923828,
-0.2189941406,
0.5610351562,
0.5766601562,
0.7485351562,
0.5200195312,
0.8598632812,
0.3488769531,
-0.3793945312,
-0.4724121094,
0.521484375,
-0.7211914062,
-0.5024414062,
0.8393554688,
0.0343017578,
0.3024902344,
-0.5244140625,
0.1035766602,
-0.2827148438,
-0.1904296875,
-0.462890625,
-0.6923828125,
0.2299804688,
0.0684204102,
-0.3898925781,
-0.7353515625,
-1.1845703125,
0.1585693359,
-1.208984375,
0.6870117188,
0.2048339844,
-1.0263671875,
0.4333496094,
-0.341796875,
-0.2854003906,
0.2700195312,
0.6591796875,
0.1270751953,
0.6181640625,
-1.2119140625,
-0.3139648438,
-0.0251312256,
0.2492675781,
-0.5375976562,
-0.6376953125,
0.1083984375,
0.0102157593,
0.3366699219,
0.3039550781,
-0.2980957031,
0.8969726562,
-0.3513183594,
0.0776367188,
-0.580078125,
-0.2680664062,
-0.6909179688,
0.3571777344,
0.8125,
-0.3229980469,
0.0249023438,
0.9375,
0.7358398438,
-1.0048828125,
-0.0393371582,
-0.58984375,
-0.2131347656,
0.2844238281,
-0.2108154297,
0.4287109375,
-0.6225585938,
-0.1302490234,
-0.3435058594,
-0.9428710938,
-0.8579101562,
0.1028442383,
1.2841796875,
0.955078125,
-0.1673583984,
0.7607421875,
0.3325195312,
0.1258544922,
0.2653808594,
-0.1611328125,
0.1260986328,
-0.2626953125,
-0.3366699219,
-0.2342529297,
0.1822509766,
0.0414123535,
-0.1398925781,
0.0278778076,
-0.693359375,
0.9624023438,
-0.41015625,
-0.6240234375,
0.2902832031,
0.0286407471,
-0.4711914062,
-0.0942993164,
0.5161132812,
0.4692382812,
-0.015838623,
-1.283203125,
-0.2390136719,
0.2509765625,
0.2045898438,
-0.9536132812,
-0.9194335938,
0.4411621094,
0.57421875,
1.0947265625,
-0.4411621094,
0.1176147461,
-0.3979492188,
-0.2156982422,
0.3010253906,
0.3100585938,
0.1134643555,
0.935546875,
0.4406738281,
0.4892578125,
-0.9580078125,
-0.5922851562,
-0.0179443359,
-0.0894165039,
-0.4382324219,
-0.2124023438,
-0.6611328125,
0.5131835938,
-0.8037109375,
-0.6044921875,
-1.1787109375,
-0.732421875,
-0.48046875,
-0.3723144531,
-0.014831543,
1.3466796875,
-0.5424804688,
-0.1522216797,
-0.0723876953,
-0.4096679688,
-0.6079101562,
0.3781738281,
0.5708007812,
0.318359375,
-0.4091796875,
-0.4296875,
0.1577148438,
0.1641845703,
0.6005859375,
-0.0431518555,
-0.4909667969,
-1.109375,
0.0846557617,
0.1139526367,
-0.3249511719,
0.4663085938,
-0.0525817871,
-0.0104751587,
0.0516662598,
-0.0656738281,
-0.1418457031,
-0.7036132812,
-0.5805664062,
-0.7006835938,
-0.2197265625,
-0.4826660156,
-0.7885742188,
0.069519043,
-0.1616210938,
0.32421875,
0.0272979736,
-0.1805419922,
0.908203125,
-0.0704345703,
-0.1586914062,
0.2512207031,
0.7856445312,
0.4736328125,
0.3220214844,
0.0411071777,
0.4506835938,
0.732421875,
-0.3579101562,
0.3415527344,
0.2692871094,
0.0183868408,
0.2369384766,
-0.4833984375,
-0.2496337891,
-0.0865478516,
0.021774292,
0.0262756348,
-0.4602050781,
0.5400390625,
0.3859863281,
-0.5424804688,
-0.5888671875,
1.234375,
0.1336669922,
-0.5004882812,
0.2448730469,
0.5185546875,
1.251953125,
0.2288818359,
0.7880859375,
-0.8911132812,
-0.0590209961,
-0.6826171875,
0.2047119141,
0.6918945312,
0.1304931641,
1.052734375,
0.8188476562,
-0.58984375,
0.4255371094,
0.0885009766,
0.2493896484,
-0.1520996094,
0.0207824707,
0.2407226562,
-0.0432128906,
-0.1339111328,
-0.91015625,
-0.2236328125,
0.058807373,
0.9184570312,
-0.4116210938,
-0.7607421875,
0.65625,
-0.5078125,
-0.615234375,
0.81640625,
1.54296875,
0.0539855957,
-0.6494140625,
0.1033935547,
-0.607421875,
-0.2097167969,
0.3459472656,
-0.4912109375,
0.1857910156,
-0.6875,
0.1433105469,
0.043548584,
-0.154296875,
0.73046875,
0.0596313477,
-0.1086425781,
-0.0031299591,
0.4328613281,
-0.0030403137,
0.2479248047,
0.6748046875,
-0.4069824219,
0.9438476562,
0.54296875,
-0.8891601562,
0.8046875,
-0.0156707764,
0.1442871094,
0.6938476562,
-0.564453125,
0.1200561523,
0.6611328125,
0.8549804688,
0.3227539062,
1.1611328125,
-0.533203125,
0.4709472656,
-0.5966796875,
1.0068359375,
-0.375,
0.6044921875,
0.1556396484,
1.1015625,
0.3681640625,
-0.6845703125,
-0.6728515625,
-0.3193359375,
0.728515625,
-0.5283203125,
0.4792480469,
0.7983398438,
0.5717773438,
-1.5810546875,
-0.4807128906,
-0.5893554688,
-1.0146484375,
-0.14453125,
-0.6494140625,
0.2227783203,
-0.5146484375,
-0.5825195312,
-0.455078125,
-0.6259765625,
0.287109375,
-1.216796875,
-0.7407226562,
-0.537109375,
-0.3928222656,
1.1064453125,
0.1331787109,
0.0038414001,
0.576171875,
-0.3291015625,
0.384765625,
-0.1368408203,
-0.6015625,
0.1242675781,
-0.1281738281,
-0.3020019531,
0.3713378906,
0.2124023438,
-0.2758789062,
0.3901367188,
0.2175292969,
-1.541015625,
-0.3395996094,
-0.603515625,
-0.1424560547,
0.3610839844,
0.52734375,
-1.509765625,
0.1396484375,
-0.4384765625,
-0.5727539062,
0.4326171875,
0.4445800781,
-0.2502441406,
0.6645507812,
-0.3461914062,
0.7646484375,
-0.8110351562,
-0.059753418,
-1.875,
-0.0916137695,
-0.3630371094,
0.3176269531,
-1.056640625,
-0.5161132812,
0.3901367188,
0.0522460938,
-0.4868164062,
0.7456054688,
-0.2069091797,
-0.5678710938,
0.9233398438,
0.4450683594,
0.1936035156,
-0.8310546875,
0.2641601562,
-0.6020507812,
-0.3801269531,
-0.4916992188,
-0.5473632812,
0.5092773438,
-0.2252197266,
0.2778320312,
-0.4125976562,
0.0383300781,
-0.3103027344,
-0.6040039062,
0.6528320312,
1.193359375,
-0.3425292969,
0.3247070312,
0.4780273438,
-0.81640625,
-0.3017578125,
0.1319580078,
0.89453125,
-0.5185546875,
-0.4780273438,
-0.5512695312,
0.4099121094,
0.7358398438,
-0.0569458008,
0.4692382812,
-0.1617431641,
-0.2861328125,
0.3544921875,
-0.4079589844,
-0.7485351562,
0.0155487061,
-0.4428710938,
-0.2619628906,
0.8618164062,
0.1824951172,
0.6767578125,
0.4724121094,
-0.7734375,
-0.4831542969,
-0.4370117188,
-0.1401367188,
0.0453491211,
1.5185546875,
0.1893310547,
0.1754150391,
0.6010742188,
-0.544921875,
-0.3308105469,
1.6220703125,
-0.0149536133,
-0.9985351562,
0.1107177734,
-0.4716796875,
-0.6245117188,
0.7758789062,
0.0653686523,
0.3786621094,
-0.1118774414,
1,
-0.0746459961,
0.9282226562,
1.150390625,
0.349609375,
0.3488769531,
-0.0460510254,
0.3403320312,
-0.4838867188,
0.3811035156,
-0.3930664062,
0.9379882812,
0.3659667969,
0.2109375,
0.4660644531,
0.1956787109,
-0.0182800293,
0.3686523438,
0.9174804688,
0.3103027344,
-0.20703125,
-0.6899414062,
-0.259765625,
-1.1728515625,
-1.4384765625,
-2.095703125,
0.9653320312,
-1.4482421875,
-0.5986328125,
-0.0797729492,
1.2080078125,
-0.2761230469,
0.9482421875,
-0.3662109375,
-0.0966796875,
0.7563476562,
0.7622070312,
0.0492248535,
-0.2214355469,
1.19140625,
0.9877929688,
-0.1428222656,
0.6098632812,
0.5307617188,
-0.2734375,
-1.01171875,
-0.0872192383,
0.8984375,
-0.4621582031,
-0.0639648438,
-0.1130371094,
-0.1680908203,
-0.361328125,
0.0158538818,
-0.7919921875,
-0.2379150391,
-0.1867675781,
-0.1119995117,
-0.5932617188,
-1.3154296875,
-0.1354980469,
0.3132324219,
0.5405273438,
-0.1162109375,
0.3698730469,
0.2844238281,
-0.0476074219,
0.8383789062,
0.7329101562,
-0.701171875,
-0.0552978516,
0.4533691406,
-0.4423828125,
-0.4230957031,
-0.2052001953,
-0.8481445312,
-0.2303466797,
0.7763671875,
-0.2086181641,
0.42578125,
0.3039550781,
0.3400878906,
-0.0229034424,
0.1485595703,
0.5703125,
0.5048828125,
-1.0576171875,
-0.970703125,
-0.716796875,
0.7080078125,
0.2805175781,
0.0662841797,
-0.4555664062,
0.4055175781,
0.4846191406,
-0.98828125,
-0.4321289062,
-0.6909179688,
0.6733398438,
-0.2919921875,
-0.9145507812,
-0.76171875,
-0.708984375,
0.4377441406,
1.4033203125,
0.3815917969,
0.1614990234,
0.6762695312,
-0.1373291016,
0.79296875,
-0.1750488281,
-0.5859375,
0.8413085938,
-0.2170410156,
-0.2279052734,
-0.2844238281,
0.4279785156,
0.9458007812,
-0.2543945312,
0.3161621094,
0.2067871094,
-0.3825683594,
0.4780273438,
-0.53515625,
0.7705078125,
-0.7744140625,
0.5395507812,
-0.0863647461,
-0.8134765625,
0.1859130859,
0.7880859375,
0.3227539062,
0.1710205078,
0.9301757812,
-0.2276611328,
0.3400878906,
-0.6376953125,
0.1650390625,
-0.7216796875,
0.2227783203,
-0.3901367188,
-0.7358398438,
-0.7739257812,
-0.1193237305,
0.8896484375,
0.4724121094,
0.0705566406,
-0.1459960938,
-1.310546875,
-0.4291992188,
-0.73046875,
1.1826171875,
0.1497802734,
0.2504882812,
-0.0535583496,
-0.4985351562,
1.0986328125,
0.0465393066,
0.2038574219,
0.2802734375,
0.0115966797,
0.798828125,
0.3640136719,
0.0972900391,
-0.6313476562,
-0.7001953125,
-0.6181640625,
-0.4506835938,
0.513671875,
-0.7099609375,
0.2890625,
0.1129760742,
0.4985351562,
0.740234375,
0.4694824219,
0.0150985718,
0.4230957031,
-0.4343261719,
-1.6826171875,
0.0388793945,
-0.12890625,
-0.4521484375,
-0.904296875,
-0.6459960938,
0.2739257812,
-0.2775878906,
0.7817382812,
-0.2071533203,
0.271484375,
0.2778320312,
0.8471679688,
-0.4223632812,
0.0418701172,
-0.2072753906,
-0.1188964844,
-0.01612854,
0.6821289062,
0.0620117188,
0.1002807617,
0.3142089844,
0.2183837891,
-0.2756347656,
-0.7426757812,
0.0614318848,
0.1688232422,
0.529296875,
-0.0994262695,
-0.8852539062,
0.0905151367,
-0.5224609375,
-0.2379150391,
1.392578125,
-0.5600585938,
-0.388671875,
-0.70703125,
0.1892089844,
-0.2719726562,
1.1796875,
0.6762695312,
-0.1060180664,
0.7841796875,
0.3088378906,
0.630859375,
-0.5043945312,
0.008972168,
0.6284179688,
-0.5703125,
-0.3120117188,
-0.8125,
-0.3972167969,
-0.4326171875,
-0.1983642578,
0.9052734375,
0.6708984375,
-1.271484375,
-0.7534179688,
-0.5141601562,
-0.1553955078,
-0.0399780273,
0.3142089844,
-0.2479248047,
0.3249511719,
0.6376953125,
-0.1518554688,
-1.251953125,
0.5541992188,
0.1959228516,
-0.4770507812,
0.0034999847,
-0.1519775391,
0.0397338867,
-0.67578125,
-0.931640625,
-0.6162109375,
-1.591796875,
0.2849121094,
1.0517578125,
1.3837890625,
-0.1337890625,
0.5913085938,
-1.138671875,
0.0058403015,
1.05859375,
-0.2717285156,
-0.6772460938,
0.359375,
-0.0732421875,
-0.0778198242,
0.5400390625,
-0.8452148438,
0.2380371094,
1.1923828125,
-0.1839599609,
0.7963867188,
-0.0909423828,
0.2895507812,
-0.3298339844,
-0.1273193359,
-0.701171875,
-0.8588867188,
0.0071792603,
0.4670410156,
0.2160644531,
0.0088119507,
0.3908691406,
-0.3684082031,
0.5390625,
0.6567382812,
-0.2961425781,
-0.294921875,
-0.8120117188,
-0.0513305664,
0.2739257812,
0.7333984375,
-0.3190917969,
-0.1956787109,
-0.1771240234,
0.9077148438,
0.0993041992,
-0.1953125,
0.3898925781,
0.4816894531,
0.7705078125,
0.0354003906,
0.1379394531,
1.2412109375,
1.10546875,
-0.9965820312,
0.1391601562,
-0.2907714844,
0.2919921875,
0.1710205078,
-1.779296875,
0.4228515625,
-0.748046875,
0.0891113281,
-0.3566894531,
0.3422851562,
-0.3474121094,
0.5615234375,
-0.2963867188,
-0.3127441406,
-0.7666015625,
0.6909179688,
-0.2049560547,
0.6508789062,
0.6977539062,
1.015625,
-0.0751953125,
0.1071166992,
0.3488769531,
-0.966796875,
-0.0210876465,
0.2651367188,
0.67578125,
0.1663818359,
-0.041809082,
0.0174713135,
0.3166503906,
0.6508789062,
-0.4147949219,
-0.2678222656,
0.2631835938,
0.3391113281,
0.0512084961,
-0.5532226562,
0.5942382812,
-0.755859375,
0.2741699219,
-0.9047851562,
0.1019287109,
0.51171875,
0.1798095703,
-0.2420654297,
-0.2768554688,
0.4797363281,
0.263671875,
-0.0087738037,
0.3342285156,
-0.2568359375,
0.0989379883,
0.759765625,
-0.4660644531,
-0.4272460938,
0.2707519531,
1.3154296875,
0.0935668945,
-0.3693847656,
0.6469726562,
-0.5688476562,
-0.1014404297,
0.1201782227,
-0.0434570312,
1.0537109375,
-0.9819335938,
0.8061523438,
-0.047088623,
-0.1550292969,
-0.1657714844,
0.0428771973,
-0.5751953125,
0.2229003906,
1.0283203125,
1.1650390625,
-0.5703125,
-0.8583984375,
-0.1008300781,
-0.3679199219,
0.0753173828,
0.0850830078,
0.7963867188,
0.8115234375,
-0.0121383667,
-0.2077636719,
-0.2406005859,
-0.3442382812,
0.7592773438,
1.0810546875,
-0.0089416504,
0.2849121094,
0.2426757812,
-0.4509277344,
-0.798828125,
-0.537109375,
-0.0853881836,
0.3520507812,
-0.43359375,
-0.3317871094,
0.3278808594,
0.0039329529,
-0.2622070312,
-0.4575195312,
-1.2666015625,
0.1094360352,
-0.1726074219,
0.8100585938,
-0.1547851562,
-0.6459960938,
1.19140625,
0.0185394287,
0.1472167969,
-0.3825683594,
-0.2233886719,
-1.3837890625,
-0.3786621094,
-0.4060058594,
-0.3229980469,
0.2275390625,
-0.0217285156,
0.568359375,
-0.1669921875,
-0.1362304688,
-0.0027694702,
-0.3894042969,
-0.1778564453,
0.294921875,
-0.4416503906,
-0.2565917969,
0.2758789062,
-0.033416748,
-0.1086425781,
0.2274169922,
0.36328125,
-0.1246948242,
0.1296386719,
0.1907958984,
0.4545898438,
-1.0810546875,
-0.6391601562,
-0.0581970215,
0.2751464844,
0.87890625,
0.1440429688,
0.140625,
0.4724121094,
0.1127929688,
0.3703613281,
-0.2502441406,
0.8168945312,
-0.4753417969,
-0.5932617188,
-0.0569763184,
0.4653320312,
-1.017578125,
-0.0675048828,
-1.0146484375,
-0.1983642578,
1.16796875,
-0.0700683594,
-0.8291015625,
-0.1876220703,
-0.7451171875,
-0.1868896484,
-0.8081054688,
-0.1942138672,
0.3881835938,
-0.53125,
-0.6625976562,
-0.5747070312,
-0.4489746094,
0.3500976562,
-0.0300140381,
-0.4091796875,
-0.46484375,
1.0673828125,
-0.4396972656,
-0.2810058594,
0.2666015625,
2.041015625,
0.1557617188,
-0.3295898438,
-0.517578125,
-0.0626831055,
0.3640136719,
-0.2292480469,
0.2944335938,
-0.8676757812,
0.0924682617,
0.2563476562,
-0.7924804688,
-0.4992675781,
-14.71875,
-1.291015625,
-0.1396484375,
-0.701171875,
0.2824707031,
-0.4431152344,
1.0078125,
-0.8266601562,
-0.4301757812,
0.1354980469,
0.15234375,
1.9541015625,
-0.8305664062,
-0.2680664062,
-0.0374145508,
-1.08984375,
-1.66015625,
-0.2485351562,
-0.7900390625,
-0.4201660156,
1.1240234375,
0.3859863281,
-0.2619628906,
0.2047119141,
-1.0546875,
0.6870117188,
-0.4501953125,
-0.2607421875,
-0.1763916016,
-0.2248535156,
0.0684204102,
-0.4104003906,
-0.2243652344,
1.484375,
0.0541381836,
0.1806640625,
0.6206054688,
0.0602416992,
0.4392089844,
-0.4582519531,
-1.087890625,
0.0277252197,
-0.4191894531,
-0.3959960938,
-0.0486450195,
-0.1614990234,
0.1549072266,
-0.7563476562,
-0.5576171875,
0.2998046875,
-0.3635253906,
0.3679199219,
0.66015625,
-0.466796875,
-1.498046875,
-0.5844726562,
0.4411621094,
-0.1485595703,
-1.0830078125,
0.0950927734,
-0.2064208984,
0.8442382812,
-0.2144775391,
0.1274414062,
1.126953125,
-0.6962890625,
-0.9077148438,
-0.84375,
-1.2841796875,
-0.0038166046,
0.3828125,
0.8510742188,
-0.9008789062,
0.4553222656,
-0.2829589844,
0.599609375,
1.3935546875,
-0.2263183594,
-0.4914550781,
0.4450683594,
-0.2553710938,
-0.2025146484
] |
This method of analysis breaks up the text linguistically in a study of prosody (the formal analysis of meter) and phonic effects such as alliteration and rhyme, and cognitively in examination of the interplay of syntactic structures, figurative language, and other elements of the poem that work to produce its larger effects. Mathematics
Modern mathematical analysis is the study of infinite processes. It is the branch of mathematics that includes calculus. It can be applied in the study of classical concepts of mathematics, such as real numbers, complex variables, trigonometric functions, and algorithms, or of non-classical concepts like constructivism, harmonics, infinity, and vectors. Florian Cajori explains in A History of Mathematics (1893) the difference between modern and ancient mathematical analysis, as distinct from logical analysis, as follows:
The terms synthesis and analysis are used in mathematics in a more special sense than in logic. In ancient mathematics they had a different meaning from what they now have. The oldest definition of mathematical analysis as opposed to synthesis is that given in [appended to] Euclid, XIII. 5, which in all probability was framed by Eudoxus: "Analysis is the obtaining of the thing sought by assuming it and so reasoning up to an admitted truth; synthesis is the obtaining of the thing sought by reasoning up to the inference and proof of it." The analytic method is not conclusive, unless all operations involved in it are known to be reversible. | [
-0.3188476562,
-0.392578125,
-0.1184692383,
0.1045532227,
-0.4973144531,
0.3413085938,
-0.2099609375,
0.8813476562,
-0.0645141602,
-0.1303710938,
0.0928955078,
-0.4323730469,
0.6630859375,
0.3913574219,
0.6645507812,
-0.0787963867,
-0.4006347656,
-0.1859130859,
0.5966796875,
0.2651367188,
0.1459960938,
-0.6591796875,
-0.576171875,
-1.458984375,
1.314453125,
-0.3698730469,
0.2086181641,
0.1829833984,
0.4802246094,
0.4030761719,
0.0243988037,
-0.040802002,
0.9077148438,
0.4685058594,
-0.1644287109,
0.4260253906,
-0.6254882812,
-0.0952148438,
-0.97265625,
0.3203125,
-0.4699707031,
-0.9833984375,
0.439453125,
-0.0642700195,
0.3820800781,
0.0635375977,
-0.18359375,
-1.041015625,
-0.4772949219,
-0.5107421875,
0.1982421875,
-0.333984375,
-0.4133300781,
-0.5146484375,
0.1967773438,
-0.5239257812,
0.4443359375,
-1.1201171875,
0.5571289062,
-0.201171875,
-0.7485351562,
0.6782226562,
0.4201660156,
-0.2922363281,
0.0872802734,
0.9775390625,
0.1723632812,
-0.2006835938,
-0.2421875,
0.5751953125,
0.2578125,
0.9072265625,
-0.8022460938,
-1.060546875,
0.4755859375,
0.1904296875,
-0.3540039062,
0.3820800781,
-0.705078125,
0.4182128906,
-0.8701171875,
-0.841796875,
0.1271972656,
-0.4858398438,
0.2663574219,
-0.2529296875,
0.796875,
-0.1822509766,
0.373046875,
1.6494140625,
0.4780273438,
-0.5629882812,
-0.3359375,
-0.7084960938,
0.0250244141,
0.4853515625,
0.0543518066,
0.193359375,
-0.6728515625,
-0.810546875,
-0.3837890625,
-1.1533203125,
-0.2973632812,
0.1696777344,
1.0791015625,
0.7919921875,
-0.1909179688,
-0.026184082,
1.048828125,
0.0952758789,
0.0423583984,
-0.9624023438,
-0.0574645996,
1.12109375,
0.3312988281,
-0.3293457031,
-0.0969238281,
-0.1401367188,
0.0185852051,
-0.794921875,
0.0549926758,
1.158203125,
-0.3757324219,
0.2668457031,
0.6025390625,
0.0365600586,
-0.0362548828,
-0.0109100342,
1.021484375,
-0.1840820312,
-0.2583007812,
-0.114440918,
0.2990722656,
0.1517333984,
0.0610046387,
0.1328125,
-0.5009765625,
0.2042236328,
0.6357421875,
-0.044708252,
0.0173492432,
-0.0640869141,
0.2117919922,
-0.0416870117,
-0.55078125,
0.1335449219,
-0.2338867188,
0.5854492188,
-0.0310058594,
0.3129882812,
-0.484375,
0.5224609375,
1.2421875,
-0.28515625,
-1.0849609375,
0.3466796875,
0.4677734375,
-0.6318359375,
-0.4792480469,
-0.7470703125,
-0.4340820312,
-0.8544921875,
-0.0927734375,
-0.1158447266,
-0.0698242188,
1.1259765625,
-0.1684570312,
-0.8842773438,
-0.1739501953,
0.5166015625,
-0.5532226562,
0.7543945312,
0.0290527344,
-0.8237304688,
-0.2355957031,
0.5361328125,
0.3254394531,
0.5034179688,
0.8671875,
0.2161865234,
-0.1058349609,
-2.462890625,
0.1107177734,
-0.1032104492,
0.4853515625,
0.8125,
-0.095703125,
0.5,
-0.7641601562,
-0.5732421875,
-0.87109375,
0.0313110352,
-1.091796875,
-0.8251953125,
-0.8671875,
-0.712890625,
-1.7109375,
-0.2541503906,
-0.2391357422,
-0.063293457,
0.6547851562,
0.3325195312,
0.439453125,
0.1346435547,
-0.1340332031,
0.3654785156,
0.3225097656,
-0.2314453125,
0.365234375,
-0.1064453125,
-0.6455078125,
0.6787109375,
-0.083190918,
0.4963378906,
0.7563476562,
0.2061767578,
0.2915039062,
-0.1312255859,
-0.0081939697,
-0.3967285156,
1.03515625,
0.0503234863,
-0.6000976562,
-0.1391601562,
-0.4020996094,
0.09765625,
-0.6352539062,
1.494140625,
0.3505859375,
0.1205444336,
-0.3142089844,
0.1132202148,
-0.0088653564,
-0.4050292969,
-0.1629638672,
0.3803710938,
-0.1890869141,
-0.3786621094,
-0.082824707,
-0.4711914062,
0.3002929688,
0.8286132812,
-0.0986328125,
-0.265625,
1.0908203125,
-0.0391845703,
0.322265625,
0.5131835938,
0.3696289062,
0.3984375,
-0.0322570801,
0.5668945312,
-0.541015625,
0.6948242188,
-0.2395019531,
-0.1279296875,
-0.1252441406,
0.4948730469,
0.7060546875,
-0.1986083984,
-0.3176269531,
0.302734375,
1.470703125,
-0.7377929688,
0.023223877,
-0.3488769531,
-0.9189453125,
-0.6005859375,
0.748046875,
-0.0972900391,
0.5068359375,
-0.0873413086,
0.4572753906,
-0.7275390625,
0.0783081055,
0.1397705078,
0.0647583008,
-0.8481445312,
0.6079101562,
-0.1622314453,
0.4829101562,
-0.1320800781,
0.783203125,
-0.8095703125,
0.3803710938,
-0.0429382324,
0.0315551758,
0.39453125,
0.658203125,
-0.3461914062,
-0.5834960938,
-0.369140625,
-0.2161865234,
0.6655273438,
0.1750488281,
0.9111328125,
-0.0654296875,
-0.84765625,
0.107421875,
-0.427734375,
0.5395507812,
0.2768554688,
-0.1440429688,
-0.4353027344,
0.5166015625,
0.2404785156,
-0.5600585938,
-0.6098632812,
-0.326171875,
0.4633789062,
0.966796875,
0.3566894531,
0.5166015625,
0.2700195312,
-1.2060546875,
-0.2009277344,
-0.15234375,
-0.9702148438,
0.0758056641,
-0.5239257812,
-0.69140625,
0.1507568359,
0.2709960938,
-0.0526428223,
-0.4440917969,
0.5458984375,
-1.3828125,
-0.7470703125,
0.2065429688,
-0.0830078125,
1.3662109375,
0.2272949219,
0.0369873047,
1.380859375,
-0.3127441406,
0.6665039062,
-0.2541503906,
-0.6000976562,
0.41796875,
-0.4125976562,
-0.3200683594,
-0.4990234375,
-0.7563476562,
0.0244750977,
0.1248168945,
1.1845703125,
-1.4775390625,
-0.4025878906,
1.1923828125,
-0.1265869141,
0.4099121094,
-0.0658569336,
0.2178955078,
0.0756225586,
-0.0109405518,
-0.2443847656,
-0.3210449219,
0.4184570312,
0.8974609375,
0.6303710938,
0.3991699219,
-0.5649414062,
-1.8173828125,
0.4226074219,
-1.4736328125,
-0.0609741211,
0.3010253906,
0.4758300781,
0.2570800781,
-0.7104492188,
0.4362792969,
-0.0067024231,
-0.8530273438,
0.0694580078,
-0.0558776855,
-0.6928710938,
0.0108718872,
0.7358398438,
0.1630859375,
-0.1313476562,
0.2020263672,
-0.3366699219,
-0.4685058594,
-0.1098632812,
-1.0009765625,
-0.2292480469,
-0.3425292969,
0.4130859375,
-1.11328125,
0.5200195312,
-0.3493652344,
-0.6328125,
0.3356933594,
0.8530273438,
-0.2281494141,
-0.042388916,
0.8056640625,
-1.71875,
0.6298828125,
0.5610351562,
0.513671875,
-1.466796875,
-1.189453125,
0.423828125,
0.908203125,
0.2430419922,
0.759765625,
-0.3251953125,
0.085144043,
-1.2978515625,
-0.59765625,
-0.0550842285,
-0.986328125,
0.106628418,
-0.271484375,
0.0126571655,
-0.0932617188,
-0.0552978516,
0.4580078125,
0.5952148438,
-0.265625,
-0.5659179688,
0.7241210938,
-0.3120117188,
0.0419921875,
1.6650390625,
-0.1044311523,
0.1618652344,
-0.681640625,
-0.201171875,
0.0671386719,
1.216796875,
0.1397705078,
-0.9038085938,
1.1455078125,
-0.712890625,
-0.012046814,
-0.2222900391,
0.0466308594,
0.3972167969,
0.1034545898,
0.7172851562,
-0.0690307617,
1.267578125,
-0.2315673828,
-0.48046875,
-0.1015625,
0.0368041992,
-0.2717285156,
-0.5639648438,
0.8159179688,
-0.8466796875,
0.9223632812,
-0.671875,
0.6831054688,
0.1889648438,
0.4970703125,
-0.2556152344,
0.0244293213,
0.5131835938,
0.0398254395,
-0.5068359375,
-0.9091796875,
-0.2091064453,
-1.8251953125,
-1.955078125,
-0.4633789062,
1.2333984375,
-0.8037109375,
-0.6401367188,
-0.6440429688,
0.6850585938,
-0.3176269531,
0.4821777344,
-0.833984375,
0.0493164062,
0.9252929688,
0.5356445312,
0.4750976562,
-1.45703125,
1.279296875,
0.4448242188,
-0.5786132812,
0.6928710938,
0.6127929688,
-0.6967773438,
-0.0770263672,
-0.5366210938,
1.0654296875,
-0.7119140625,
0.294921875,
0.1726074219,
-0.3276367188,
-0.43359375,
-0.2797851562,
-0.4514160156,
0.4455566406,
-0.3061523438,
-0.4162597656,
-0.1959228516,
-1.3056640625,
-0.2583007812,
0.212890625,
0.587890625,
-0.5654296875,
0.70703125,
-0.7104492188,
-0.0864868164,
1.5322265625,
0.4716796875,
-1.04296875,
0.3366699219,
0.3278808594,
0.189453125,
-0.0124130249,
-0.4013671875,
-0.7651367188,
-0.7534179688,
-0.0207366943,
0.1185913086,
-0.1103515625,
0.1106567383,
0.8056640625,
-0.7919921875,
-0.3615722656,
0.625,
-0.0527648926,
-0.7631835938,
-0.423828125,
-1.37890625,
0.4484863281,
-0.9443359375,
0.1485595703,
-0.9213867188,
-0.6127929688,
-0.1380615234,
-0.4050292969,
0.5771484375,
-0.5112304688,
0.2622070312,
0.2456054688,
-0.724609375,
-0.4538574219,
-0.4152832031,
0.7119140625,
0.8134765625,
0.6831054688,
0.853515625,
0.6704101562,
0.4689941406,
-0.2310791016,
0.4719238281,
0.6484375,
-0.28125,
-0.5229492188,
0.1499023438,
-0.583984375,
-0.1322021484,
0.1668701172,
-0.1510009766,
-0.3176269531,
0.6015625,
-0.1441650391,
0.8740234375,
-0.1538085938,
0.5551757812,
-0.4248046875,
0.011756897,
-0.5576171875,
-0.2271728516,
-0.3488769531,
-0.1641845703,
1.0400390625,
-0.2242431641,
-0.677734375,
-0.6352539062,
0.2338867188,
-0.8330078125,
-0.5634765625,
-1.392578125,
0.4108886719,
-0.2037353516,
-0.0204620361,
-0.9091796875,
-0.0773925781,
1.0146484375,
0.4157714844,
-0.6079101562,
-0.2393798828,
-1.0771484375,
-0.2258300781,
-0.3881835938,
1.4462890625,
1.1044921875,
-0.4033203125,
-0.4135742188,
-0.1719970703,
0.9184570312,
-0.1625976562,
0.0151824951,
0.208984375,
-0.3168945312,
0.6967773438,
1.0283203125,
0.8325195312,
-0.4111328125,
-0.8051757812,
-0.1418457031,
0.2307128906,
0.4965820312,
-0.724609375,
-0.498046875,
-0.1599121094,
-0.0816650391,
1.337890625,
1.05078125,
-0.0297851562,
0.1340332031,
-0.0952148438,
-1.720703125,
0.4333496094,
-0.065612793,
1.2392578125,
-0.3774414062,
0.6313476562,
-0.5004882812,
-0.6220703125,
-0.3054199219,
0.2758789062,
-0.3923339844,
0.7587890625,
-0.9248046875,
0.0040168762,
0.0639648438,
-0.3273925781,
0.2338867188,
-0.2548828125,
1.4453125,
-0.0263366699,
0.6767578125,
0.0994873047,
0.7783203125,
0.7124023438,
-0.7392578125,
-0.3486328125,
0.2329101562,
-0.0171356201,
0.1733398438,
-0.9326171875,
0.0558776855,
-0.1301269531,
-0.0455322266,
1.0263671875,
-0.4233398438,
-0.1766357422,
-0.8491210938,
-0.6899414062,
-0.8110351562,
0.2174072266,
0.1772460938,
0.5297851562,
0.6025390625,
0.1192626953,
0.1328125,
-1.150390625,
-0.0516357422,
0.2641601562,
-0.3791503906,
0.5815429688,
-0.4592285156,
-0.1452636719,
-1.1162109375,
0.1937255859,
1.826171875,
0.5219726562,
-0.9018554688,
-0.294921875,
-0.302734375,
-0.3798828125,
-0.0952758789,
0.2229003906,
0.1282958984,
-0.3112792969,
1.03125,
-0.171875,
-1.1103515625,
-0.1903076172,
0.0856933594,
-0.1481933594,
-0.353515625,
0.1257324219,
-0.111328125,
-0.5498046875,
-0.1802978516,
-0.7338867188,
-1.1259765625,
0.1717529297,
0.2097167969,
1.12109375,
0.9340820312,
0.7846679688,
-0.7622070312,
-0.7641601562,
0.2902832031,
0.0935058594,
0.373046875,
1.0517578125,
-0.0194854736,
0.2416992188,
-0.4106445312,
0.6689453125,
0.3491210938,
0.3000488281,
-0.3142089844,
-0.0107421875,
0.5625,
-0.2387695312,
-0.1534423828,
0.1511230469,
-0.4614257812,
-0.9833984375,
1.1103515625,
1.119140625,
-0.2065429688,
-0.0534667969,
0.0650634766,
-0.8325195312,
-0.5185546875,
1.056640625,
0.6005859375,
-0.078125,
-0.732421875,
-0.1947021484,
0.1220703125,
0.6064453125,
1.2529296875,
0.7602539062,
0.1867675781,
0.9311523438,
0.1872558594,
-0.6303710938,
-0.0462646484,
-0.2607421875,
0.671875,
0.6801757812,
-0.4331054688,
1.3447265625,
-0.1549072266,
-1.1484375,
0.2053222656,
0.0488586426,
0.4580078125,
0.1667480469,
-1.87890625,
0.1900634766,
-0.5590820312,
0.1154174805,
0.0333251953,
-0.1925048828,
-0.1788330078,
0.1853027344,
-0.0889892578,
0.0608825684,
-0.4997558594,
0.669921875,
0.098815918,
0.62890625,
0.4575195312,
-0.2060546875,
-0.1607666016,
-0.2415771484,
0.2958984375,
-0.3420410156,
-0.2265625,
0.2131347656,
0.5190429688,
0.5771484375,
0.4113769531,
-0.302734375,
0.1485595703,
0.1677246094,
-0.5517578125,
0.4743652344,
0.3520507812,
-0.4008789062,
-0.0229949951,
-0.3642578125,
-0.0007767677,
-0.3249511719,
-1.26953125,
-0.732421875,
0.4440917969,
0.6372070312,
0.3601074219,
0.0103988647,
-0.1032714844,
-0.0116119385,
-0.3403320312,
0.6577148438,
0.4462890625,
-0.0850219727,
0.595703125,
-0.5434570312,
-0.1605224609,
-1.1328125,
-0.1069946289,
1.4091796875,
-0.0980224609,
-0.4812011719,
0.3671875,
0.234375,
0.5434570312,
0.1229248047,
0.4538574219,
1.041015625,
-1.2490234375,
0.2644042969,
-0.453125,
0.2880859375,
-0.69140625,
0.9750976562,
0.1945800781,
0.9653320312,
1.0380859375,
0.5146484375,
-0.0408630371,
-0.9833984375,
0.46484375,
0.2841796875,
-0.1264648438,
-0.2144775391,
0.298828125,
-0.5209960938,
-0.5590820312,
-0.1807861328,
0.3974609375,
0.0719604492,
0.4348144531,
1.044921875,
-0.6225585938,
-0.1573486328,
0.0643310547,
0.0722045898,
-0.4826660156,
0.0686035156,
0.0182800293,
0.595703125,
-0.0261535645,
-0.1567382812,
-0.5522460938,
-0.9633789062,
-0.6157226562,
-0.4853515625,
-0.7368164062,
0.8188476562,
-0.712890625,
0.5537109375,
0.1752929688,
0.0598449707,
0.3530273438,
-0.1729736328,
-0.3200683594,
-1.138671875,
0.5810546875,
0.4204101562,
-0.6440429688,
-0.7290039062,
-0.2995605469,
0.0569152832,
-0.4697265625,
-0.0671386719,
-0.8305664062,
1.0673828125,
0.1138305664,
-0.82421875,
0.1176147461,
0.2700195312,
0.1181640625,
-0.2209472656,
-0.6298828125,
-0.1040649414,
-0.1430664062,
0.5473632812,
-0.0580749512,
0.8842773438,
0.3532714844,
-0.8012695312,
-0.0935058594,
-0.494140625,
-0.9521484375,
0.2197265625,
-0.3215332031,
0.3071289062,
-0.4545898438,
-0.2521972656,
0.6118164062,
0.720703125,
-0.1844482422,
-0.2956542969,
0.1195068359,
-0.4987792969,
-0.3781738281,
0.1512451172,
0.5092773438,
-0.057220459,
0.5883789062,
0.6416015625,
-0.4741210938,
0.876953125,
0.5522460938,
-0.8393554688,
-0.3828125,
-0.8510742188,
-0.2479248047,
-0.8818359375,
-0.3864746094,
0.2181396484,
0.650390625,
-1.212890625,
-0.2202148438,
0.3911132812,
-0.0887451172,
-0.5673828125,
0.0330200195,
-0.802734375,
0.7114257812,
-0.6572265625,
0.9794921875,
0.3525390625,
1.3564453125,
0.31640625,
0.1719970703,
0.2081298828,
-0.990234375,
0.5141601562,
0.076965332,
1.123046875,
-0.9428710938,
0.4521484375,
0.2479248047,
0.2159423828,
-1.263671875,
-14.25,
-1.51953125,
0.1394042969,
-1.279296875,
-1.0654296875,
0.1990966797,
0.3859863281,
-0.1730957031,
-0.6186523438,
0.29296875,
-0.1435546875,
0.7729492188,
-1.09375,
0.3752441406,
0.0423583984,
-0.791015625,
-0.3117675781,
-0.120300293,
-0.6474609375,
-0.1634521484,
0.6435546875,
0.2856445312,
-0.79296875,
0.0404052734,
-0.9750976562,
0.4624023438,
0.6040039062,
-0.4016113281,
-0.3642578125,
0.7958984375,
0.0982666016,
-0.5073242188,
0.2585449219,
0.73046875,
-0.21875,
-0.3657226562,
0.6025390625,
-0.4577636719,
1.0087890625,
-0.6572265625,
-1.44921875,
0.7548828125,
-0.0654907227,
0.904296875,
-0.4926757812,
0.4958496094,
-0.0211181641,
-0.6704101562,
-0.7563476562,
0.4104003906,
-0.4477539062,
0.9995117188,
0.1381835938,
-1.2275390625,
-0.3376464844,
-0.4047851562,
-0.587890625,
0.263671875,
-0.4289550781,
0.3210449219,
-1.1015625,
1.255859375,
-0.3310546875,
-0.59375,
-0.0436401367,
-0.4450683594,
-1.2763671875,
-0.4047851562,
0.3693847656,
-0.3442382812,
0.0408325195,
0.1151733398,
0.2326660156,
0.794921875,
-0.4985351562,
-0.828125,
0.4216308594,
0.0033721924,
-0.2565917969,
-0.1209716797,
0.0290222168,
0.3034667969
] |
To remove all doubt, the Greeks, as a rule, added to the analytic process a synthetic one, consisting of a reversion of all operations occurring in the analysis. Thus the aim of analysis was to aid in the discovery of synthetic proofs or solutions. James Gow uses a similar argument as Cajori, with the following clarification, in his A Short History of Greek Mathematics (1884):
The synthetic proof proceeds by shewing that the proposed new truth involves certain admitted truths. An analytic proof begins by an assumption, upon which a synthetic reasoning is founded. The Greeks distinguished theoretic from problematic analysis. A theoretic analysis is of the following kind. To prove that A is B, assume first that A is B. If so, then, since B is C and C is D and D is E, therefore A is E. If this be known a falsity, A is not B. But if this be a known truth and all the intermediate propositions be convertible, then the reverse process, A is E, E is D, D is C, C is B, therefore A is B, constitutes a synthetic proof of the original theorem. Problematic analysis is applied in all cases where it is proposed to construct a figure which is assumed to satisfy a given condition. The problem is then converted into some theorem which is involved in the condition and which is proved synthetically, and the steps of this synthetic proof taken backwards are a synthetic solution of the problem. | [
-0.2700195312,
0.4875488281,
0.7836914062,
0.4245605469,
-0.6567382812,
1.63671875,
-0.1928710938,
1.123046875,
-0.2749023438,
0.3000488281,
-1.0986328125,
-0.0444946289,
0.4533691406,
0.7880859375,
-0.3132324219,
-0.1164550781,
-0.3464355469,
-0.3649902344,
0.4111328125,
1.1787109375,
0.0322570801,
-0.7563476562,
-0.4379882812,
-1.3251953125,
0.1102294922,
-0.5322265625,
0.4108886719,
0.1016235352,
0.2622070312,
-0.3054199219,
0.1872558594,
-0.2888183594,
0.1976318359,
0.1705322266,
-0.0131759644,
0.4025878906,
0.0071716309,
-0.2700195312,
-0.2202148438,
0.1051635742,
-0.7202148438,
0.1550292969,
-0.1978759766,
-0.7880859375,
0.3112792969,
0.2866210938,
-0.4040527344,
-1.0849609375,
0.010848999,
-0.5737304688,
0.1514892578,
-0.0018167496,
-0.9995117188,
-0.4853515625,
0.1467285156,
-0.7802734375,
0.4150390625,
-0.4047851562,
0.6684570312,
-0.6997070312,
-0.0413818359,
0.6083984375,
0.5366210938,
-1.005859375,
0.6313476562,
1.0244140625,
-0.1418457031,
-0.1938476562,
-0.1018676758,
0.3571777344,
-0.2668457031,
-0.556640625,
-0.0573120117,
0.015838623,
0.7685546875,
0.8330078125,
-0.9008789062,
0.6083984375,
0.4848632812,
0.5747070312,
-1.2568359375,
-1.50390625,
-0.7133789062,
-0.3698730469,
-0.2404785156,
-0.5166015625,
0.1001586914,
-0.4899902344,
0.9321289062,
1.400390625,
0.0806884766,
-0.4184570312,
-0.0646362305,
-0.466796875,
-0.5844726562,
-0.5717773438,
-0.6904296875,
-0.0393371582,
-0.8227539062,
-1.013671875,
-0.3618164062,
-0.9965820312,
0.4228515625,
0.1479492188,
-0.2016601562,
0.0166778564,
-0.7109375,
0.1384277344,
0.4899902344,
-0.1663818359,
0.2717285156,
-0.2888183594,
0.6713867188,
1.2939453125,
-1.142578125,
0.4916992188,
-0.599609375,
-0.4338378906,
-0.5166015625,
-0.66015625,
0.1231689453,
1.23046875,
0.2326660156,
0.3093261719,
0.267578125,
-0.0083007812,
0.4169921875,
0.1525878906,
0.814453125,
-0.3078613281,
-0.4252929688,
0.2059326172,
-0.1689453125,
-0.1833496094,
-0.0897827148,
0.0228881836,
-0.0969848633,
-0.3149414062,
0.5405273438,
-0.1213989258,
0.0639038086,
-0.0080566406,
0.0836181641,
0.2346191406,
-0.6245117188,
0.0772705078,
-0.8637695312,
0.4426269531,
0.1285400391,
0.2937011719,
-0.1680908203,
0.3681640625,
0.7231445312,
0.2412109375,
-0.6396484375,
0.3608398438,
-0.0684204102,
-0.45703125,
-0.3540039062,
-0.560546875,
-0.3127441406,
-0.1920166016,
-0.1097412109,
-0.5454101562,
-0.1010742188,
1.0322265625,
-0.7768554688,
-1.1484375,
-0.3708496094,
0.3151855469,
-0.27734375,
0.0621032715,
-0.2707519531,
-0.8491210938,
0.4001464844,
-0.8134765625,
-0.0173950195,
-0.4958496094,
0.2602539062,
-0.3134765625,
-0.4680175781,
-1.59765625,
0.9306640625,
0.3967285156,
-0.3696289062,
-0.1314697266,
0.4704589844,
0.6469726562,
0.1339111328,
-0.0487060547,
-0.7924804688,
-0.4172363281,
-0.4748535156,
-0.2966308594,
-0.78125,
-0.3413085938,
-1.0244140625,
0.1442871094,
-0.541015625,
0.1790771484,
0.5991210938,
0.4125976562,
0.4909667969,
0.0149002075,
-0.4992675781,
0.1268310547,
0.5747070312,
0.2409667969,
0.3237304688,
0.3439941406,
-0.3610839844,
0.505859375,
-0.2238769531,
0.3354492188,
0.016418457,
-0.3017578125,
1.076171875,
0.0311889648,
-0.5561523438,
-0.2253417969,
0.6533203125,
0.4924316406,
-0.3413085938,
0.0816650391,
-0.2456054688,
0.0499267578,
-0.2010498047,
1.6591796875,
0.0909423828,
-0.615234375,
0.3876953125,
-0.5112304688,
-1.58203125,
-0.1263427734,
-0.2177734375,
0.2546386719,
0.2529296875,
-1.599609375,
0.2293701172,
-0.919921875,
0.2504882812,
0.0321350098,
0.1013793945,
-0.6987304688,
0.5473632812,
-0.3920898438,
0.517578125,
0.8442382812,
0.3835449219,
-0.1528320312,
0.1905517578,
0.1111450195,
-0.4125976562,
0.5356445312,
-0.900390625,
0.4313964844,
-0.7587890625,
0.865234375,
-0.3703613281,
0.4602050781,
-0.1967773438,
0.4143066406,
1.92578125,
-1.2578125,
0.0866088867,
0.4819335938,
-0.9702148438,
-1.59765625,
0.1838378906,
-0.5771484375,
0.3447265625,
0.0135803223,
-0.3315429688,
-0.0552368164,
0.0346984863,
-0.2556152344,
-0.4458007812,
-0.0632324219,
-0.0615234375,
0.1459960938,
0.9946289062,
-0.2302246094,
-0.2156982422,
-0.8862304688,
-0.1519775391,
-0.6801757812,
-0.4514160156,
-0.5244140625,
-0.2196044922,
0.0575561523,
-0.5087890625,
-0.7299804688,
-0.4741210938,
-0.6166992188,
0.2260742188,
0.3913574219,
0.5620117188,
-0.6674804688,
0.365234375,
-0.3029785156,
-0.0191497803,
1.080078125,
-0.7265625,
-1.0625,
1.1962890625,
0.2756347656,
-0.443359375,
-0.3178710938,
0.5463867188,
0.7963867188,
0.0809326172,
0.1335449219,
0.4912109375,
0.8515625,
-0.3920898438,
0.2729492188,
-0.9233398438,
-1.38671875,
0.1774902344,
0.3193359375,
-0.2919921875,
-0.5825195312,
0.267578125,
0.2346191406,
0.837890625,
0.0966186523,
-0.7768554688,
-0.814453125,
0.0718994141,
0.2495117188,
-0.0516357422,
0.3010253906,
0.2307128906,
0.2159423828,
-0.3608398438,
0.8833007812,
0.767578125,
0.4946289062,
0.0718994141,
-0.1977539062,
-0.6225585938,
0.0357666016,
-0.3107910156,
0.3994140625,
-0.1018676758,
0.3120117188,
-1.2939453125,
-0.5751953125,
1.1796875,
-0.0727539062,
0.0972290039,
-0.7373046875,
-0.3337402344,
-0.2819824219,
-0.0361022949,
-0.078918457,
-0.1280517578,
0.2380371094,
0.6850585938,
0.4814453125,
0.1678466797,
-0.4167480469,
-0.8071289062,
0.3515625,
-1.66015625,
-0.89453125,
0.6762695312,
0.6982421875,
-0.0617980957,
0.0765991211,
0.0952148438,
-0.3889160156,
-0.8837890625,
0.6850585938,
-0.2641601562,
-1.4990234375,
-0.1533203125,
0.1015014648,
-0.0037708282,
-0.4162597656,
-0.0832519531,
-0.6279296875,
-0.4133300781,
-0.404296875,
-1.060546875,
0.1759033203,
-0.121887207,
0.9155273438,
-0.826171875,
0.3552246094,
-0.2934570312,
0.7651367188,
0.578125,
0.697265625,
0.4948730469,
0.025100708,
1.1826171875,
-1.140625,
0.4797363281,
-0.2543945312,
-0.4443359375,
-0.9340820312,
0.0865478516,
0.2824707031,
0.9487304688,
0.0794677734,
1.533203125,
-0.4255371094,
0.6284179688,
-0.1513671875,
-0.2778320312,
-0.50390625,
-0.3251953125,
0.880859375,
-0.1075439453,
0.5893554688,
0.1121826172,
-0.3063964844,
-0.0079727173,
0.7934570312,
-0.9721679688,
-1.0439453125,
0.0678710938,
0.0521850586,
0.1574707031,
1.2666015625,
-0.4111328125,
0.6181640625,
0.3576660156,
-0.212890625,
-0.51171875,
0.357421875,
0.5576171875,
-0.0833129883,
1.7412109375,
-0.6196289062,
0.5786132812,
-0.3845214844,
0.5131835938,
0.3298339844,
0.1649169922,
0.1710205078,
-0.2866210938,
0.720703125,
-0.0397644043,
-0.0987548828,
0.53515625,
-0.4013671875,
-0.5805664062,
0.3293457031,
1.0732421875,
-0.4077148438,
1.625,
-0.4301757812,
0.1333007812,
0.1057128906,
0.5009765625,
0.2622070312,
0.2314453125,
-0.2507324219,
-0.6401367188,
-0.1573486328,
-0.2497558594,
-0.7456054688,
-0.7202148438,
-1.173828125,
-0.6313476562,
1.05078125,
0.0495910645,
-0.62109375,
-0.7822265625,
0.6791992188,
-0.4526367188,
0.849609375,
-0.7768554688,
0.0822143555,
0.6577148438,
0.0200653076,
0.3879394531,
-1.4482421875,
0.5600585938,
0.6538085938,
-0.9375,
-0.5981445312,
0.9853515625,
-1.0185546875,
-0.2116699219,
-0.6254882812,
0.6044921875,
-0.2907714844,
0.0150146484,
0.0834350586,
0.4699707031,
0.703125,
-0.0744628906,
0.71875,
-0.1688232422,
-0.19921875,
-0.3078613281,
-0.6245117188,
-0.9487304688,
0.4226074219,
0.2108154297,
0.5512695312,
-0.9233398438,
0.9453125,
-0.8891601562,
0.2858886719,
1.2763671875,
0.4072265625,
-0.1737060547,
-0.0559997559,
1.1884765625,
-0.68359375,
0.1132202148,
0.4951171875,
-0.4711914062,
-0.5068359375,
-0.642578125,
0.3317871094,
-0.0999755859,
0.1995849609,
0.8940429688,
-1.1181640625,
0.2418212891,
0.2064208984,
0.2868652344,
-0.1437988281,
-0.2014160156,
-0.66015625,
0.2330322266,
-0.1689453125,
0.3054199219,
-1.1357421875,
-0.3598632812,
-0.6474609375,
-0.7329101562,
0.8447265625,
-0.4575195312,
0.44140625,
0.0202636719,
-0.3659667969,
-1.1982421875,
-0.114074707,
1.484375,
0.8247070312,
-0.2456054688,
0.98828125,
-0.1483154297,
0.2481689453,
-0.1267089844,
0.3603515625,
-0.1533203125,
0.2355957031,
-0.421875,
0.775390625,
-0.4084472656,
-0.267578125,
-0.3698730469,
-0.1474609375,
-0.314453125,
0.6572265625,
-0.3659667969,
0.3195800781,
-0.0573120117,
0.3200683594,
-0.0539855957,
1.1533203125,
-0.908203125,
-0.0714111328,
-0.3889160156,
0.505859375,
1.4560546875,
0.4870605469,
0.0059013367,
-0.3676757812,
0.1547851562,
-0.2141113281,
-0.9702148438,
-0.9350585938,
0.4201660156,
-0.0123672485,
-0.4016113281,
-1.3310546875,
0.9379882812,
0.9331054688,
0.4455566406,
-0.7338867188,
-0.5278320312,
-0.4533691406,
0.2521972656,
-0.4384765625,
1.5849609375,
0.0768432617,
-0.1680908203,
0.0743408203,
-1.0625,
1.333984375,
-0.1767578125,
0.1654052734,
-0.1334228516,
-0.0473022461,
0.49609375,
1.1484375,
2.0234375,
-0.1899414062,
-0.7490234375,
-0.4970703125,
0.0999755859,
0.1235351562,
0.5092773438,
-0.4321289062,
-0.880859375,
-0.494140625,
0.90234375,
0.6103515625,
0.1607666016,
0.6362304688,
0.0325927734,
-2.158203125,
0.4816894531,
-0.8125,
1.4208984375,
-0.8193359375,
0.994140625,
-0.071105957,
-0.5327148438,
-0.0214538574,
-0.1770019531,
0.5,
0.337890625,
-0.9228515625,
0.0859375,
-0.4792480469,
-0.4011230469,
0.5327148438,
0.2406005859,
1.9775390625,
0.2734375,
0.26171875,
-0.2543945312,
0.888671875,
0.6967773438,
-0.5166015625,
-0.4033203125,
-0.5141601562,
-0.4677734375,
-0.4406738281,
-1.037109375,
0.2209472656,
1.0078125,
-0.1397705078,
0.8217773438,
0.2004394531,
-0.1724853516,
-0.8115234375,
-0.0577392578,
-1.3486328125,
0.5791015625,
0.611328125,
-0.4418945312,
-0.1342773438,
0.4606933594,
0.0092697144,
0.2939453125,
0.9760742188,
0.798828125,
-0.8471679688,
-0.1879882812,
-0.2067871094,
0.3637695312,
-1.11328125,
-0.3032226562,
1.1181640625,
-0.4833984375,
-1.177734375,
0.083190918,
-0.3017578125,
-1.3447265625,
0.3020019531,
-0.0859375,
-0.0687255859,
-0.615234375,
0.3598632812,
-0.3999023438,
-0.3676757812,
-0.1734619141,
0.1041870117,
0.1107788086,
-0.0067481995,
-0.134765625,
0.26171875,
-1.560546875,
0.5571289062,
-0.4011230469,
-1.0869140625,
0.1898193359,
0.6489257812,
0.6181640625,
1.005859375,
1.150390625,
-0.6879882812,
-0.2364501953,
-0.2624511719,
0.224609375,
0.6689453125,
0.7368164062,
-0.2905273438,
0.66796875,
-0.7983398438,
-0.4045410156,
0.0101699829,
0.0651855469,
-0.8100585938,
-0.3491210938,
0.9458007812,
0.3212890625,
0.876953125,
-0.1677246094,
0.525390625,
-0.9995117188,
0.9013671875,
0.5737304688,
-0.15625,
-0.2347412109,
-0.6196289062,
-0.58984375,
-0.4919433594,
1.23828125,
0.5659179688,
-0.2125244141,
-0.8994140625,
0.3669433594,
0.3745117188,
0.3283691406,
0.3818359375,
1.275390625,
0.2971191406,
0.671875,
-0.3693847656,
-0.3352050781,
-0.54296875,
-0.2092285156,
0.3100585938,
0.7993164062,
-0.6616210938,
1.7099609375,
-0.240234375,
0.1805419922,
-0.0071372986,
-0.4619140625,
0.1999511719,
0.0819091797,
-0.6162109375,
-0.0059928894,
-0.2403564453,
-0.3903808594,
-0.5034179688,
-0.0596008301,
-0.2425537109,
-0.4699707031,
0.3342285156,
-0.033203125,
-0.7001953125,
-0.0527648926,
0.2374267578,
0.4196777344,
-0.0400390625,
-0.2770996094,
0.244140625,
0.0647583008,
0.1517333984,
-0.3686523438,
-0.4877929688,
0.0661621094,
0.2817382812,
0.1313476562,
-0.3684082031,
-0.0702514648,
0.525390625,
-0.4860839844,
-0.4528808594,
0.2963867188,
0.1735839844,
0.1095581055,
0.1040039062,
-0.7958984375,
0.240234375,
-0.3081054688,
-0.4541015625,
0.1820068359,
0.0377807617,
0.6416015625,
0.1107788086,
-0.8247070312,
-0.3879394531,
0.0458068848,
-0.6352539062,
0.5380859375,
-0.296875,
0.7387695312,
0.6318359375,
-0.3286132812,
0.1795654297,
-1.1923828125,
-0.8154296875,
0.3786621094,
-0.1544189453,
0.0671386719,
-0.0239257812,
0.4702148438,
0.5415039062,
0.7041015625,
0.2797851562,
0.4736328125,
-1.0419921875,
0.5317382812,
-0.1038208008,
0.4094238281,
0.033416748,
0.7270507812,
-0.1302490234,
0.8505859375,
1.21875,
0.6665039062,
0.3464355469,
-0.9614257812,
0.2712402344,
-0.5913085938,
0.0331420898,
-0.1451416016,
-0.3073730469,
-0.1435546875,
0.1647949219,
0.3688964844,
0.3894042969,
0.1574707031,
-0.0751342773,
0.7416992188,
-0.7490234375,
0.2690429688,
0.0512084961,
1.0029296875,
0.1253662109,
-0.110534668,
0.1088256836,
0.2235107422,
0.37109375,
-0.1065673828,
-0.6430664062,
-0.2785644531,
-0.7866210938,
0.1156005859,
-0.5849609375,
-0.0126113892,
-0.75,
-0.884765625,
0.0612182617,
-0.1412353516,
-0.587890625,
-0.87890625,
-0.1625976562,
-0.5581054688,
0.6918945312,
0.1087646484,
0.0677490234,
-0.4694824219,
-0.4641113281,
0.775390625,
-0.1368408203,
0.1420898438,
-0.5400390625,
0.1845703125,
0.1556396484,
-0.1574707031,
0.1694335938,
-0.1527099609,
0.0356750488,
-0.2318115234,
-0.306640625,
0.3120117188,
-0.0580444336,
0.1730957031,
-0.6298828125,
0.486328125,
-0.1379394531,
-0.1257324219,
-0.564453125,
-1.2744140625,
-0.6396484375,
0.9370117188,
-0.8881835938,
0.2915039062,
-0.1427001953,
-0.87890625,
0.4260253906,
0.5610351562,
0.1951904297,
-0.3920898438,
0.2236328125,
0.2434082031,
-0.2368164062,
0.0783081055,
0.3876953125,
-0.1578369141,
0.6875,
0.833984375,
-0.0608215332,
0.859375,
0.1182861328,
-1.0712890625,
-0.1890869141,
-0.9765625,
0.2578125,
-1.24609375,
0.3581542969,
1.0712890625,
0.4104003906,
-0.5493164062,
-0.1610107422,
0.1486816406,
-0.388671875,
0.265625,
-0.4880371094,
-0.7998046875,
1.0146484375,
-0.1921386719,
0.8681640625,
-0.0651245117,
1.3515625,
0.2386474609,
-0.0925292969,
0.2687988281,
-0.0793457031,
0.8251953125,
0.654296875,
0.5590820312,
0.1586914062,
0.3044433594,
-0.3684082031,
0.4401855469,
-1.333984375,
-14.265625,
-1.3818359375,
-0.54296875,
-0.2309570312,
-1.0927734375,
-0.0497131348,
-0.112121582,
-0.039642334,
-0.3330078125,
0.040802002,
-0.8134765625,
1.103515625,
-0.5146484375,
0.4516601562,
0.4030761719,
-0.4624023438,
-0.6684570312,
-0.3168945312,
-0.0703125,
0.2193603516,
0.6904296875,
0.7817382812,
-1.27734375,
-0.4248046875,
-0.4799804688,
1.2880859375,
0.0772094727,
-0.6655273438,
0.1900634766,
0.0545654297,
-0.8134765625,
0.1080932617,
0.2692871094,
0.9111328125,
0.1216430664,
-0.0488891602,
0.5620117188,
0.1921386719,
0.4831542969,
-0.1352539062,
-0.5893554688,
0.0313720703,
-0.267578125,
0.3000488281,
-0.1812744141,
0.2993164062,
0.0931396484,
-0.5947265625,
-0.4389648438,
0.1358642578,
0.2193603516,
0.9145507812,
-0.0199737549,
-0.0483703613,
-0.8403320312,
-0.0207672119,
-0.9760742188,
-0.1076049805,
-0.6333007812,
0.5307617188,
-1.23828125,
1.0947265625,
-0.7177734375,
-0.421875,
0.1296386719,
-0.6821289062,
-1.626953125,
-0.6479492188,
0.4780273438,
-0.3957519531,
-0.1702880859,
0.0703735352,
0.0786743164,
0.9755859375,
-0.2580566406,
-0.2003173828,
0.2364501953,
-0.7744140625,
0.0650634766,
0.2205810547,
-0.2163085938,
0.1984863281
] |
Music
Musical analysis – a process attempting to answer the question "How does this music work?" Musical Analysis is a study of how the composers use the notes together to compose music. Those studying music will find differences with each composer's musical analysis, which differs depending on the culture and history of music studied. An analysis of music is meant to simplify the music for you. Schenkerian analysis
Schenkerian analysis is a collection of music analysis that focuses on the production of the graphic representation. This includes both analytical procedure as well as the notational style. Simply put, it analyzes tonal music which includes all chords and tones within a composition. Philosophy
Philosophical analysis – a general term for the techniques used by philosophers
Philosophical analysis refers to the clarification and composition of words put together and the entailed meaning behind them. Philosophical analysis dives deeper into the meaning of words and seeks to clarify that meaning by contrasting the various definitions. It is the study of reality, justification of claims, and the analysis of various concepts. Branches of philosophy include logic, justification, metaphysics, values and ethics. If questions can be answered empirically, meaning it can be answered by using the senses, then it is not considered philosophical. Non-philosophical questions also include events that happened in the past, or questions science or mathematics can answer. Analysis is the name of a prominent journal in philosophy. Psychotherapy
Psychoanalysis – seeks to elucidate connections among unconscious components of patients' mental processes
Transactional analysis
Transactional analysis is used by therapists to try to gain a better understanding of the unconscious. | [
0.3269042969,
-0.4396972656,
0.3564453125,
0.4675292969,
0.2668457031,
0.6357421875,
-0.1134033203,
0.0323486328,
0.0799560547,
0.2456054688,
-0.2895507812,
0.1799316406,
-0.1875,
0.1671142578,
0.4904785156,
-0.7109375,
0.3706054688,
0.3779296875,
0.0806274414,
-0.3076171875,
0.5180664062,
-0.5737304688,
0.279296875,
-1.5859375,
0.4301757812,
-0.2612304688,
-0.4038085938,
-0.1098632812,
0.1508789062,
0.2435302734,
-0.2822265625,
-0.0498046875,
0.3098144531,
-0.45703125,
-0.8754882812,
0.509765625,
0.0373840332,
-1.5830078125,
-0.92578125,
0.697265625,
-0.7407226562,
-1.1591796875,
0.3823242188,
0.2348632812,
0.2873535156,
0.3835449219,
0.630859375,
-1.1259765625,
-0.1788330078,
-0.375,
-1.3212890625,
0.0761108398,
-0.2471923828,
-0.9965820312,
0.0175170898,
-0.7583007812,
-0.022567749,
-1.697265625,
0.4982910156,
-0.8608398438,
-0.3771972656,
0.4291992188,
0.9672851562,
-0.1979980469,
0.5634765625,
0.4189453125,
-0.6010742188,
0.3051757812,
-0.5268554688,
-0.4995117188,
0.2257080078,
0.7836914062,
-0.7338867188,
-0.3784179688,
0.2897949219,
0.3564453125,
0.3420410156,
0.4604492188,
0.3425292969,
1.23046875,
-1.3017578125,
-0.5322265625,
-0.1661376953,
-0.5112304688,
0.8193359375,
0.061706543,
0.5288085938,
-0.0938720703,
0.1518554688,
1.5029296875,
0.736328125,
-1.1640625,
-0.8032226562,
-0.7890625,
0.1340332031,
-0.056854248,
0.1555175781,
0.3686523438,
-0.6391601562,
-0.5200195312,
-0.3994140625,
-0.7758789062,
-1.03515625,
0.3859863281,
1.1455078125,
1.615234375,
0.5131835938,
0.1923828125,
0.8071289062,
-0.2341308594,
-1.0068359375,
-0.2088623047,
0.5766601562,
-0.294921875,
0.5151367188,
0.3232421875,
0.451171875,
0.2030029297,
0.1505126953,
0.0592651367,
-0.4709472656,
0.8662109375,
-0.544921875,
0.0502929688,
0.3122558594,
-0.1735839844,
0.3112792969,
-0.9404296875,
0.4443359375,
-0.7709960938,
0.6064453125,
-0.2741699219,
0.3918457031,
-0.1840820312,
-0.0588684082,
0.1879882812,
-0.5522460938,
0.5283203125,
0.724609375,
0.2374267578,
-0.3781738281,
-0.1597900391,
-0.3469238281,
0.0309448242,
-0.6157226562,
0.3627929688,
-0.0938720703,
1.404296875,
-0.818359375,
-0.0449829102,
0.1114501953,
-0.0569152832,
0.55859375,
0.27734375,
-0.3894042969,
-0.2075195312,
-0.275390625,
-0.64453125,
-0.9965820312,
0.541015625,
-0.83203125,
-0.6333007812,
-0.7954101562,
-0.2900390625,
-0.0249328613,
0.2366943359,
-0.4829101562,
-0.724609375,
-0.3823242188,
0.1984863281,
-0.650390625,
0.9677734375,
0.1583251953,
0.0057754517,
0.0942993164,
0.3413085938,
-0.1693115234,
0.0386352539,
0.3857421875,
0.7045898438,
-0.3315429688,
-1.283203125,
-0.6176757812,
0.4453125,
-0.0076675415,
-0.0654907227,
0.0216217041,
0.6982421875,
-0.3803710938,
-0.0333557129,
-1.017578125,
-1.3857421875,
0.521484375,
-0.7543945312,
-0.8256835938,
-0.9638671875,
-0.65625,
-0.8247070312,
-0.2939453125,
-0.544921875,
0.1411132812,
-0.1206665039,
0.0795898438,
-0.4243164062,
-0.4594726562,
0.1122436523,
0.0764770508,
0.0596618652,
0.4025878906,
0.0953979492,
-0.2514648438,
1.318359375,
0.4187011719,
-0.1584472656,
-0.4338378906,
0.2795410156,
0.1751708984,
-1.2255859375,
-0.1649169922,
0.082824707,
-0.2145996094,
0.4509277344,
-1.01171875,
0.8515625,
-0.1552734375,
0.2934570312,
0.0131912231,
1.2548828125,
0.3317871094,
-0.4553222656,
0.1112060547,
0.4995117188,
-0.1167602539,
0.96484375,
0.0487670898,
-1.0751953125,
0.7924804688,
0.0501403809,
-0.0006742477,
0.7197265625,
0.4045410156,
0.5981445312,
0.1279296875,
-0.9946289062,
0.1028442383,
0.2044677734,
0.2130126953,
0.9467773438,
0.857421875,
0.0291442871,
0.0858154297,
0.2568359375,
-0.220703125,
0.3205566406,
-0.0175476074,
-0.3591308594,
-0.8056640625,
-0.3735351562,
0.1484375,
0.0516662598,
-0.6083984375,
0.1904296875,
1.87109375,
-0.4675292969,
0.5864257812,
0.0078010559,
-0.90234375,
-0.849609375,
0.6372070312,
-0.8715820312,
0.1479492188,
-0.6669921875,
0.138671875,
-0.4455566406,
-0.77734375,
0.7641601562,
0.7099609375,
-0.6923828125,
-0.603515625,
0.5961914062,
-0.3701171875,
0.2502441406,
-0.4711914062,
-1.099609375,
0.6083984375,
0.1409912109,
-0.2186279297,
0.3334960938,
0.1198730469,
-0.0301818848,
0.5747070312,
-0.1337890625,
-0.810546875,
0.7133789062,
0.2298583984,
0.3786621094,
1.0703125,
-0.2976074219,
0.5727539062,
0.3981933594,
-0.3283691406,
-0.2609863281,
-0.9326171875,
1.068359375,
1.1474609375,
0.3190917969,
-0.5869140625,
-0.6020507812,
-0.6020507812,
1.4013671875,
-0.375,
0.1676025391,
0.9038085938,
0.693359375,
-1.748046875,
0.1971435547,
-0.6884765625,
-0.2062988281,
0.9560546875,
-0.8657226562,
-0.73828125,
0.2805175781,
0.634765625,
0.9111328125,
0.0671386719,
0.2490234375,
-1.2177734375,
-0.923828125,
-1.1240234375,
-0.6088867188,
1.0732421875,
0.7021484375,
-0.4104003906,
0.0377807617,
-0.1722412109,
0.4458007812,
0.4643554688,
0.1314697266,
0.9233398438,
-0.2286376953,
-0.1865234375,
-0.3981933594,
0.26171875,
0.5122070312,
0.7099609375,
0.3708496094,
-1.029296875,
-0.5258789062,
0.8486328125,
-0.1583251953,
0.3146972656,
-0.1247558594,
-0.1213989258,
-0.2653808594,
-0.3264160156,
-0.576171875,
0.6079101562,
0.435546875,
1.3017578125,
-0.2108154297,
0.0999145508,
0.3979492188,
-1.7236328125,
-0.1928710938,
-1.0517578125,
-0.5693359375,
0.0476074219,
-1.248046875,
-0.390625,
-0.0664672852,
-0.4521484375,
-0.9184570312,
-0.4245605469,
0.4311523438,
1.1513671875,
-1.3095703125,
0.1838378906,
0.4274902344,
0.2814941406,
-0.6801757812,
-0.306640625,
-0.4001464844,
-0.0028266907,
-0.2274169922,
-0.888671875,
0.5390625,
-0.5834960938,
0.1850585938,
-1.36328125,
-0.6533203125,
-0.0781860352,
-0.5307617188,
0.5883789062,
0.3576660156,
0.1455078125,
-0.3637695312,
0.1412353516,
-1.44921875,
0.0525512695,
0.3237304688,
0.2724609375,
-0.3371582031,
-0.7958984375,
-0.3110351562,
-0.6899414062,
-0.2088623047,
1.1123046875,
-0.0320129395,
0.4458007812,
-0.8046875,
0.5185546875,
-0.1657714844,
0.0930786133,
0.2534179688,
-0.9306640625,
-0.5991210938,
-0.2344970703,
-0.7338867188,
0.2084960938,
0.724609375,
-0.1630859375,
0.3029785156,
-0.0540466309,
-0.3576660156,
-0.2314453125,
0.4936523438,
0.3735351562,
-0.0135269165,
0.5805664062,
-0.7612304688,
-0.5771484375,
0.8989257812,
0.1881103516,
-1.0048828125,
0.0665893555,
-0.7578125,
-1.189453125,
0.5190429688,
0.3588867188,
0.85546875,
0.2883300781,
0.8715820312,
0.3876953125,
0.5698242188,
0.1489257812,
-0.8374023438,
0.0963745117,
-0.2663574219,
-0.0569458008,
-0.509765625,
0.966796875,
0.5434570312,
1.4111328125,
-0.5971679688,
0.0834350586,
1.01953125,
-0.1434326172,
-0.8798828125,
-0.2995605469,
0.58984375,
-0.1966552734,
0.1861572266,
0.2454833984,
-0.59375,
-1.373046875,
-1.970703125,
-1.7392578125,
1.3623046875,
0.1513671875,
-0.4963378906,
-0.3803710938,
0.8125,
-0.5825195312,
1.669921875,
-0.3444824219,
0.6489257812,
1.30859375,
0.474609375,
0.3088378906,
-1.01953125,
0.7211914062,
0.193359375,
0.3991699219,
0.7094726562,
0.986328125,
-1.0859375,
-0.8940429688,
-0.0731811523,
0.2039794922,
0.092956543,
-0.0925292969,
0.0906982422,
-0.0654907227,
0.8579101562,
0.0775756836,
-0.8706054688,
0.720703125,
-0.0096893311,
0.8774414062,
-0.3408203125,
-1.1025390625,
0.6323242188,
-0.2897949219,
0.3076171875,
-1.697265625,
0.8745117188,
-0.3420410156,
-0.4624023438,
-0.2316894531,
-0.1749267578,
-0.4108886719,
0.1824951172,
0.0336303711,
-0.8232421875,
-0.7104492188,
0.0362243652,
-0.3225097656,
-0.1207275391,
0.5166015625,
0.419921875,
0.59765625,
0.1787109375,
0.7802734375,
-0.7094726562,
-0.3737792969,
0.4604492188,
0.4560546875,
-1.0361328125,
0.1125488281,
-0.892578125,
1.79296875,
0.1424560547,
0.9189453125,
-0.9443359375,
0.1093139648,
0.0886230469,
-0.6298828125,
0.7021484375,
-0.61328125,
0.3857421875,
-0.1223144531,
0.2171630859,
-0.7866210938,
-0.0385742188,
0.6938476562,
1.181640625,
1.0048828125,
0.1622314453,
0.1109619141,
-0.4543457031,
-0.4133300781,
0.2125244141,
0.0832519531,
-0.181640625,
-1.1455078125,
0.3488769531,
-0.1141967773,
-0.0875854492,
0.771484375,
-0.3391113281,
0.4763183594,
-0.2454833984,
-0.0296325684,
0.2700195312,
-1.009765625,
0.7373046875,
-0.2768554688,
-0.6455078125,
-0.6533203125,
-0.51171875,
0.2768554688,
0.3666992188,
-0.1674804688,
0.27734375,
0.0678100586,
-0.0668945312,
0.8466796875,
-0.0758056641,
-0.3586425781,
-0.4606933594,
-0.2783203125,
-1.2275390625,
-0.3247070312,
-0.8959960938,
0.5229492188,
1.3388671875,
0.0819702148,
-0.3225097656,
0.26171875,
-0.9301757812,
-0.3852539062,
0.1647949219,
0.7138671875,
-0.1831054688,
-0.7495117188,
-0.0223083496,
-0.6000976562,
0.2619628906,
0.7856445312,
0.1896972656,
0.435546875,
0.505859375,
0.4274902344,
-0.1358642578,
-0.0102157593,
0.2309570312,
-0.5947265625,
-0.5864257812,
-0.1671142578,
0.283203125,
-0.53125,
-0.3891601562,
-0.5400390625,
-0.58984375,
1.0986328125,
0.2083740234,
-0.212890625,
1.400390625,
-0.431640625,
-1.33984375,
0.2863769531,
0.7661132812,
-0.1937255859,
-0.4030761719,
-0.1474609375,
-0.0886230469,
-0.6171875,
1.1884765625,
0.4274902344,
0.2917480469,
0.4284667969,
-0.4125976562,
0.110168457,
0.98046875,
-0.7631835938,
0.47265625,
-0.5615234375,
1.1708984375,
0.0272674561,
0.1074829102,
-0.4423828125,
1.3388671875,
0.1888427734,
-0.8984375,
-0.5185546875,
-0.2722167969,
0.6513671875,
-0.0406188965,
-0.8212890625,
0.5087890625,
0.6474609375,
0.0555725098,
0.5419921875,
-0.5454101562,
-0.662109375,
-0.7172851562,
0.1049804688,
-0.6899414062,
1.0908203125,
0.3361816406,
-0.81640625,
0.3486328125,
0.9448242188,
0.1612548828,
-0.2844238281,
-0.3151855469,
0.1614990234,
-0.0685424805,
0.240234375,
0.2160644531,
-0.1617431641,
-1.015625,
-0.1650390625,
1.5830078125,
0.8549804688,
-1.4931640625,
-0.7001953125,
-0.5703125,
-0.1357421875,
0.9038085938,
-0.1087646484,
0.2556152344,
0.1055297852,
0.063293457,
-0.3696289062,
-1.4697265625,
0.1100463867,
-0.0665283203,
-1.3642578125,
0.4814453125,
0.1672363281,
-0.2883300781,
-0.1678466797,
-1.0390625,
-1.48046875,
-1.3505859375,
1.0908203125,
1.0810546875,
0.6220703125,
0.5,
0.3200683594,
-0.6586914062,
-0.896484375,
0.6811523438,
0.40625,
-0.3305664062,
-0.0062561035,
-0.5947265625,
0.294921875,
-0.6928710938,
-0.1928710938,
0.5786132812,
-0.2817382812,
-0.6733398438,
-0.6284179688,
0.8461914062,
-0.3020019531,
-0.41015625,
0.1054077148,
0.341796875,
-1.1005859375,
0.6372070312,
0.7338867188,
0.3305664062,
0.2761230469,
-0.3117675781,
-0.5087890625,
0.5014648438,
0.1654052734,
-0.2963867188,
-0.4645996094,
-0.7744140625,
0.0908203125,
-0.4694824219,
0.3188476562,
0.0585327148,
0.9204101562,
0.2922363281,
0.0181427002,
0.3596191406,
0.3530273438,
1.306640625,
0.8549804688,
1.580078125,
0.9956054688,
0.3469238281,
1.5361328125,
0.4621582031,
-0.8374023438,
0.2602539062,
-0.1702880859,
0.0396728516,
0.2023925781,
-1.388671875,
0.4418945312,
-0.8764648438,
-0.5551757812,
0.1645507812,
-0.3771972656,
0.2722167969,
1.01953125,
0.4555664062,
-0.611328125,
-0.8413085938,
0.8603515625,
0.6298828125,
0.4787597656,
0.3173828125,
0.6259765625,
0.0693969727,
-0.3435058594,
0.1128540039,
-0.294921875,
-0.3701171875,
0.6787109375,
-0.6450195312,
0.861328125,
0.8920898438,
-0.1892089844,
-0.2053222656,
1.107421875,
-0.7983398438,
0.31640625,
0.4375,
-0.1394042969,
-0.8276367188,
-0.4755859375,
-0.0906982422,
0.0535583496,
-0.3776855469,
-0.4318847656,
0.1687011719,
0.9018554688,
0.0027179718,
0.2447509766,
0.0713500977,
0.939453125,
0.1761474609,
-0.0779418945,
-0.6606445312,
-0.4255371094,
-0.2348632812,
0.4333496094,
0.2727050781,
0.2171630859,
0.4018554688,
0.9140625,
-0.4702148438,
-0.1550292969,
0.7075195312,
0.345703125,
1.0224609375,
0.3383789062,
0.0801391602,
0.4758300781,
-0.3115234375,
-0.0534362793,
0.1677246094,
-0.8100585938,
-0.2998046875,
0.4721679688,
-0.0399475098,
0.1297607422,
0.4545898438,
1.0712890625,
-0.2307128906,
-0.2551269531,
0.048828125,
-0.1237182617,
-0.6010742188,
0.1583251953,
-0.0181121826,
0.603515625,
-0.8110351562,
0.1012573242,
-0.447265625,
-0.4921875,
-0.1402587891,
1.455078125,
0.3688964844,
0.6674804688,
-0.4543457031,
0.2885742188,
0.0427246094,
-0.25390625,
-0.1682128906,
-0.0239715576,
0.0342102051,
-0.1673583984,
0.2678222656,
0.2573242188,
-1.71484375,
-0.9604492188,
-1.103515625,
-0.0059432983,
-1.015625,
0.0967407227,
0.2454833984,
0.18359375,
0.5317382812,
0.9428710938,
0.0573425293,
-0.1098022461,
0.1730957031,
-0.4704589844,
0.5947265625,
-0.89453125,
-0.2309570312,
0.1000366211,
0.3872070312,
0.5971679688,
-1.2578125,
-0.1857910156,
-0.2053222656,
-0.1602783203,
0.1104736328,
-0.0070915222,
-0.2570800781,
0.3376464844,
0.115234375,
0.5791015625,
-0.4326171875,
-0.447265625,
-1.2060546875,
-0.0697021484,
0.2946777344,
0.4775390625,
-0.2376708984,
-1.26953125,
-1.03515625,
0.0183868408,
-0.5737304688,
1.0927734375,
0.0426635742,
-0.310546875,
0.8569335938,
0.693359375,
-0.4018554688,
-0.3005371094,
-0.5234375,
-0.6000976562,
0.0300292969,
1.1240234375,
0.806640625,
-0.513671875,
0.654296875,
-0.1956787109,
0.3229980469,
0.6235351562,
0.1370849609,
0.2159423828,
0.28125,
-0.623046875,
-0.9833984375,
-0.32421875,
-0.0069389343,
1.11328125,
0.5092773438,
-1.3779296875,
-0.2186279297,
-0.2536621094,
-0.5185546875,
-0.26953125,
-0.3059082031,
-0.56640625,
0.3293457031,
-0.81640625,
0.1442871094,
0.1378173828,
1.63671875,
-0.1234741211,
-0.7270507812,
-0.5473632812,
0.0027065277,
0.7421875,
0.55078125,
1.1298828125,
-0.4763183594,
0.3374023438,
0.058013916,
-0.1109619141,
-0.3186035156,
-13.46875,
-0.5903320312,
0.1480712891,
-0.740234375,
-0.4147949219,
0.4655761719,
-0.2293701172,
-0.5703125,
-0.0428161621,
-0.4370117188,
-0.3732910156,
1.30078125,
-0.57421875,
-0.7006835938,
-0.1146850586,
0.4489746094,
0.117980957,
-0.6616210938,
-0.0843505859,
-0.4897460938,
0.4699707031,
0.8491210938,
-0.716796875,
-0.1616210938,
-0.6240234375,
0.3310546875,
-0.1430664062,
-0.3037109375,
0.0276184082,
-1.078125,
-0.3425292969,
-0.0206756592,
-0.525390625,
1.7626953125,
-0.4760742188,
-0.126953125,
0.5703125,
-0.3955078125,
0.5234375,
0.1934814453,
-0.4956054688,
0.2744140625,
-1.1650390625,
0.29296875,
-0.1369628906,
-0.3659667969,
0.3173828125,
1.00390625,
-0.6791992188,
0.1724853516,
-1.275390625,
0.7119140625,
0.3896484375,
-0.830078125,
-0.7426757812,
-0.572265625,
-0.0961914062,
0.1136474609,
-1.33203125,
0.5161132812,
-0.9155273438,
0.6801757812,
0.2922363281,
-0.5708007812,
0.3115234375,
-0.1868896484,
-0.3823242188,
-0.5131835938,
-0.861328125,
-0.1530761719,
0.5791015625,
0.0997314453,
-0.8100585938,
0.3674316406,
0.0811767578,
-0.357421875,
0.4956054688,
0.2512207031,
0.3955078125,
-0.2271728516,
-0.0543212891,
-1.15234375
] |
It focuses on understanding and intervening human behavior. Policy
Policy analysis – The use of statistical data to predict the effects of policy decisions made by governments and agencies
Policy analysis includes a systematic process to find the most efficient and effective option to address the current situation. Qualitative analysis – The use of anecdotal evidence to predict the effects of policy decisions or, more generally, influence policy decisions
Signal processing
Finite element analysis – a computer simulation technique used in engineering analysis
Independent component analysis
Link quality analysis – the analysis of signal quality
Path quality analysis
Fourier analysis
Statistics
In statistics, the term analysis may refer to any method used
for data analysis. | [
0.4689941406,
0.1940917969,
-0.9287109375,
0.3083496094,
0.2863769531,
0.0156402588,
0.2174072266,
-0.623046875,
-0.0172576904,
0.4877929688,
0.5366210938,
0.4460449219,
0.0016641617,
0.2239990234,
-0.1766357422,
-0.8374023438,
0.2314453125,
0.0941162109,
0.9985351562,
-0.3054199219,
0.2634277344,
-0.1960449219,
0.50390625,
-1.3232421875,
-0.0151901245,
-1.4931640625,
-0.87109375,
0.1625976562,
-0.0629882812,
-0.2486572266,
-0.779296875,
0.4697265625,
-1.5869140625,
0.36328125,
-0.2697753906,
-0.1013793945,
0.0439147949,
-1.0712890625,
-0.6088867188,
0.78125,
-0.37890625,
-0.7836914062,
-0.0185546875,
-0.3488769531,
-0.0873413086,
0.7197265625,
0.1193847656,
-0.6997070312,
-1.3056640625,
0.2147216797,
0.3830566406,
-0.3427734375,
0.3374023438,
-0.2496337891,
-0.1201782227,
-0.5776367188,
-1.0107421875,
0.0096740723,
-0.1110229492,
-0.1973876953,
-0.1756591797,
1.048828125,
-0.1909179688,
-0.2491455078,
0.2369384766,
0.9296875,
-0.4360351562,
0.646484375,
-1.0751953125,
-0.1605224609,
0.798828125,
0.0848999023,
-0.2587890625,
-0.3010253906,
0.3395996094,
0.4597167969,
0.6328125,
0.1029052734,
-0.4001464844,
1.7548828125,
-0.1865234375,
0.3264160156,
0.2424316406,
-0.9467773438,
-0.0400390625,
-0.0216827393,
0.1459960938,
0.2509765625,
-0.1602783203,
1.642578125,
0.9331054688,
-0.2121582031,
-0.1002807617,
-0.4108886719,
0.2390136719,
-0.9916992188,
1.0087890625,
1.263671875,
0.9477539062,
0.4904785156,
-0.0443725586,
-0.8862304688,
-0.4018554688,
1.0654296875,
0.2634277344,
0.0086746216,
0.0131225586,
0.6928710938,
1.01171875,
-0.2125244141,
-0.5590820312,
-0.6391601562,
0.4130859375,
0.4897460938,
-0.2475585938,
0.3576660156,
-0.1224975586,
0.8891601562,
0.892578125,
-0.2420654297,
0.4011230469,
0.5834960938,
0.4074707031,
-0.0263977051,
-0.3933105469,
-0.1342773438,
0.6611328125,
-1.2822265625,
0.5405273438,
-0.2478027344,
0.2336425781,
-0.884765625,
-0.1964111328,
-0.4580078125,
0.0556945801,
-0.3017578125,
-0.5854492188,
0.3872070312,
0.6450195312,
1.029296875,
0.6831054688,
-0.79296875,
0.3640136719,
-0.9833984375,
0.5732421875,
0.5009765625,
-0.049987793,
0.8525390625,
-0.0097579956,
0.4255371094,
0.28515625,
0.0921630859,
1.0849609375,
0.185546875,
-0.3693847656,
0.2797851562,
0.8002929688,
-1.1240234375,
-0.2291259766,
0.0288696289,
-0.2629394531,
-0.9677734375,
-1.4287109375,
-0.0047607422,
-0.2286376953,
-0.0081176758,
-0.4265136719,
1.1181640625,
-1.3798828125,
-0.830078125,
-0.962890625,
-0.043182373,
-0.4836425781,
0.4841308594,
-1.0205078125,
-0.548828125,
0.876953125,
0.7338867188,
0.2556152344,
0.7661132812,
-0.8393554688,
-1.498046875,
-0.7895507812,
0.6430664062,
-0.2028808594,
-0.0858154297,
-0.0337219238,
0.060546875,
-0.919921875,
-0.1516113281,
-0.1232910156,
0.0316772461,
-0.0914306641,
0.3325195312,
-0.3891601562,
-0.7817382812,
-1.26171875,
-0.8178710938,
-0.075012207,
0.658203125,
0.0323181152,
0.673828125,
-0.0476379395,
0.0818481445,
0.1251220703,
1.0517578125,
0.6713867188,
1.3251953125,
0.677734375,
-0.2663574219,
-0.625,
-0.0667724609,
0.63671875,
0.2045898438,
-0.8100585938,
0.0121841431,
-0.59375,
-0.0160827637,
0.1555175781,
0.435546875,
0.1744384766,
0.2391357422,
0.5776367188,
0.3776855469,
0.4553222656,
0.4794921875,
0.0274047852,
1.4755859375,
0.9858398438,
-0.7397460938,
0.6123046875,
0.8637695312,
0.923828125,
1.2880859375,
0.2912597656,
-0.98046875,
0.2219238281,
0.3793945312,
0.41796875,
0.2322998047,
0.4938964844,
-0.4348144531,
-0.4140625,
-0.3684082031,
1.40625,
-0.7763671875,
-0.8559570312,
0.1558837891,
-0.0055809021,
0.50390625,
-0.2429199219,
-0.2839355469,
0.0462341309,
1.1396484375,
0.4128417969,
0.4584960938,
0.1682128906,
-0.1923828125,
-0.708984375,
-0.6142578125,
-0.1528320312,
-0.0290374756,
0.4733886719,
-0.3618164062,
-0.2435302734,
0.2341308594,
-1.107421875,
-0.3718261719,
0.3991699219,
0.1200561523,
-0.244140625,
0.1721191406,
-1.3759765625,
-0.7685546875,
-0.5600585938,
0.5385742188,
0.1444091797,
-0.6596679688,
0.9995117188,
0.5913085938,
0.0040855408,
0.4897460938,
0.1337890625,
0.3586425781,
0.9458007812,
0.1207885742,
0.1039428711,
0.4279785156,
-0.0319213867,
0.9111328125,
-0.2036132812,
-0.3327636719,
0.1176147461,
1.9833984375,
0.7758789062,
0.6201171875,
1.2177734375,
-0.2509765625,
0.71484375,
0.6889648438,
-0.2802734375,
-0.0056304932,
-0.0893554688,
-0.3347167969,
1.4072265625,
-0.5595703125,
0.2976074219,
-0.66015625,
0.5283203125,
-0.0912475586,
0.5634765625,
-0.3918457031,
0.66015625,
0.4790039062,
-0.9013671875,
-0.0453186035,
-1.701171875,
0.58203125,
-0.1356201172,
-0.9174804688,
-0.525390625,
-0.1646728516,
-1.05859375,
0.6630859375,
-0.3610839844,
0.5615234375,
-1.8125,
-0.8935546875,
-0.7768554688,
-0.7265625,
0.7270507812,
0.4443359375,
0.5405273438,
-0.1051025391,
-0.8994140625,
0.4782714844,
-0.4118652344,
-0.7055664062,
1.234375,
-0.0602722168,
-0.115234375,
-0.2476806641,
0.2059326172,
-0.4438476562,
0.9111328125,
0.2492675781,
0.1684570312,
-1.3330078125,
1.228515625,
-0.3374023438,
-0.0306091309,
-0.7197265625,
-0.8354492188,
-0.0420837402,
-0.5551757812,
-0.3012695312,
0.7333984375,
0.818359375,
-0.4719238281,
0.7119140625,
0.1827392578,
0.6787109375,
-1.693359375,
0.2780761719,
-2.001953125,
0.9296875,
-0.3774414062,
-0.3200683594,
-0.5869140625,
-0.7758789062,
0.9331054688,
0.4731445312,
0.2978515625,
0.66796875,
-0.5244140625,
-1.1728515625,
-0.1975097656,
0.3657226562,
-0.0035686493,
-0.4982910156,
-0.6220703125,
-0.60546875,
-0.000399828,
-1.154296875,
-1.3896484375,
0.2917480469,
-0.6879882812,
-0.1669921875,
-1.236328125,
-0.4848632812,
-0.5893554688,
-0.5727539062,
0.0461120605,
0.4345703125,
1.5224609375,
0.1593017578,
0.1800537109,
-0.228515625,
0.560546875,
-0.0210266113,
0.0823364258,
-0.1762695312,
-0.0982055664,
-0.6147460938,
-0.2478027344,
0.0001311302,
-0.055847168,
0.158203125,
-0.8247070312,
-0.2858886719,
-0.1073608398,
0.1265869141,
-0.806640625,
-0.5180664062,
0.1661376953,
-0.6083984375,
-0.521484375,
-0.4907226562,
0.3762207031,
-0.4382324219,
-1.4248046875,
0.18359375,
0.427734375,
0.0095291138,
-0.8291015625,
0.2288818359,
-0.1596679688,
-0.1973876953,
1.341796875,
-0.9897460938,
-0.7021484375,
1.0048828125,
-0.458984375,
0.4060058594,
-0.0123672485,
-0.3608398438,
-0.9692382812,
-0.7465820312,
0.5546875,
0.833984375,
0.75390625,
-0.0152130127,
-0.1253662109,
-0.0015640259,
-0.2094726562,
-0.2330322266,
0.5678710938,
0.0366821289,
0.0490112305,
-0.5336914062,
1.466796875,
-0.3181152344,
-0.0724487305,
-0.3408203125,
0.8759765625,
-0.1091918945,
0.2687988281,
0.1540527344,
-0.4826660156,
-0.2136230469,
0.2995605469,
0.3132324219,
-0.2734375,
0.3835449219,
-0.2663574219,
-0.9067382812,
-0.4633789062,
-0.1292724609,
-1,
-0.5625,
1.0556640625,
1.474609375,
0.4714355469,
0.8198242188,
-0.4135742188,
1.0869140625,
0.7412109375,
-0.5908203125,
-0.6328125,
-1.712890625,
1.306640625,
-0.0412902832,
-0.6108398438,
-0.7353515625,
0.0283508301,
-0.3400878906,
-0.369140625,
-0.7412109375,
-0.9213867188,
-0.0840454102,
0.8129882812,
-0.4172363281,
-1.1474609375,
-0.83203125,
-0.3891601562,
-1.4453125,
0.8623046875,
-0.2937011719,
0.37890625,
-0.7685546875,
-0.8745117188,
0.1805419922,
0.4328613281,
0.9262695312,
-0.5493164062,
-0.4580078125,
-0.5415039062,
-0.4956054688,
-0.0637817383,
0.234375,
-0.7509765625,
0.0032234192,
-0.0883789062,
-0.1073608398,
-0.74609375,
-0.4575195312,
-0.6323242188,
-0.548828125,
0.5522460938,
-0.3076171875,
0.1313476562,
-0.3298339844,
0.9970703125,
0.7421875,
0.1827392578,
0.8891601562,
0.5888671875,
0.0524597168,
-0.9243164062,
-0.5502929688,
1.72265625,
-0.0554199219,
0.2468261719,
-0.5595703125,
-0.0800170898,
-0.5126953125,
-0.1245727539,
0.2924804688,
-0.7392578125,
0.4477539062,
-1.5791015625,
-0.2805175781,
-0.0131149292,
-0.3266601562,
0.2770996094,
0.9428710938,
0.53125,
-0.5634765625,
0.5727539062,
-0.7504882812,
0.7485351562,
0.26953125,
0.3854980469,
0.8627929688,
-0.4221191406,
0.0637817383,
-0.63671875,
0.7353515625,
0.6079101562,
-0.6357421875,
-1.0322265625,
-0.2054443359,
0.0627441406,
-0.4108886719,
-0.6005859375,
1.1806640625,
-0.8442382812,
1.1337890625,
0.7846679688,
-0.9125976562,
-0.4147949219,
0.7583007812,
-0.2390136719,
0.2009277344,
0.5512695312,
-0.0265045166,
0.9907226562,
-1.130859375,
0.4912109375,
-1.0888671875,
0.6547851562,
0.4055175781,
-0.8359375,
-0.2166748047,
-0.0524902344,
1.0361328125,
0.6669921875,
-0.1541748047,
0.0964355469,
-0.7685546875,
0.0834960938,
-1.158203125,
0.90234375,
0.4665527344,
-0.4536132812,
0.0803222656,
1.0185546875,
1.064453125,
0.3151855469,
-0.3325195312,
-0.1976318359,
-0.0422058105,
0.8837890625,
0.0565490723,
-0.1666259766,
-0.2094726562,
-0.7250976562,
0.3356933594,
-0.4907226562,
0.9345703125,
-0.3125,
-0.0274200439,
-0.8549804688,
0.6279296875,
0.1494140625,
-0.3239746094,
-0.3806152344,
0.5561523438,
-0.6723632812,
-0.6108398438,
-0.3444824219,
1.4619140625,
-0.4155273438,
-0.3400878906,
-0.2313232422,
-0.87109375,
-1.015625,
0.3435058594,
-0.2318115234,
0.9047851562,
-0.0200958252,
-0.330078125,
0.1479492188,
0.1812744141,
0.4187011719,
-0.0000604391,
-0.3288574219,
-0.3918457031,
1.318359375,
0.8002929688,
0.27734375,
-0.34765625,
0.7700195312,
-1.1787109375,
-0.4772949219,
0.1245727539,
0.7094726562,
0.1407470703,
-0.4001464844,
0.4079589844,
0.4216308594,
-0.0879516602,
0.4252929688,
-1.3984375,
-0.4462890625,
-0.0218658447,
-0.1666259766,
-0.5043945312,
0.4108886719,
0.3513183594,
-0.5805664062,
0.3010253906,
0.8520507812,
0.3872070312,
-0.3239746094,
0.5151367188,
0.5366210938,
-0.1430664062,
-0.3671875,
-0.4074707031,
-0.5766601562,
-1.1767578125,
-0.4650878906,
0.4255371094,
0.7006835938,
-1.681640625,
-0.4382324219,
-0.9296875,
-1.330078125,
-0.1125488281,
0.2819824219,
-0.0786743164,
0.4487304688,
0.2888183594,
-1.3466796875,
-0.595703125,
-0.2451171875,
0.380859375,
0.0297393799,
-0.1148071289,
-0.2010498047,
-0.8447265625,
-1.69921875,
0.5263671875,
-0.9765625,
-0.6889648438,
0.3505859375,
1.546875,
-0.3076171875,
-0.0933837891,
-0.2470703125,
-0.5576171875,
-0.2756347656,
0.0266876221,
-0.3850097656,
-0.0530395508,
0.6713867188,
0.9604492188,
0.2531738281,
-0.30078125,
0.4304199219,
0.2191162109,
0.5908203125,
0.4299316406,
-0.0153121948,
0.8139648438,
-0.5004882812,
0.0891113281,
0.529296875,
-0.4296875,
-0.8310546875,
0.39453125,
0.3891601562,
-0.118347168,
1.2490234375,
0.2841796875,
-1.748046875,
0.4660644531,
0.0928955078,
0.4685058594,
-0.6123046875,
-0.0899658203,
-0.0842895508,
-0.9833984375,
0.1553955078,
0.037902832,
0.59765625,
0.1143188477,
0.2198486328,
0.6474609375,
-0.1196899414,
1.1787109375,
-0.4924316406,
0.3486328125,
0.2890625,
0.5454101562,
1.150390625,
-0.1319580078,
-0.5385742188,
0.5581054688,
-0.1796875,
0.3015136719,
-0.7075195312,
-1.1953125,
0.5620117188,
-0.1078491211,
-0.5395507812,
-0.4235839844,
0.1348876953,
-0.9169921875,
-0.0394287109,
-0.0279388428,
-0.5053710938,
-0.8203125,
0.7475585938,
0.8627929688,
0.7973632812,
-0.0830078125,
0.3940429688,
-0.5615234375,
-0.3881835938,
0.4677734375,
-0.7631835938,
-0.3715820312,
1.2509765625,
-0.3132324219,
-0.029006958,
-0.1317138672,
-0.2239990234,
0.1004638672,
0.2756347656,
-0.9794921875,
0.3532714844,
0.2534179688,
0.4711914062,
-0.3405761719,
-0.0129470825,
0.1807861328,
0.0721435547,
-0.3771972656,
-0.1717529297,
-1.412109375,
0.7338867188,
0.6909179688,
-0.5791015625,
-0.2875976562,
-0.0660400391,
0.744140625,
-0.740234375,
-0.0412902832,
0.3173828125,
-0.3198242188,
0.1001586914,
-0.1492919922,
1.1298828125,
0.0830688477,
1.263671875,
0.5473632812,
0.016418457,
0.5986328125,
-1.0068359375,
-0.419921875,
0.029510498,
1.564453125,
0.6005859375,
-0.5590820312,
-0.0358581543,
0.2890625,
-0.0744018555,
-0.333984375,
0.3530273438,
-0.8920898438,
-0.3234863281,
0.1708984375,
1.0888671875,
-0.44140625,
-0.552734375,
0.2260742188,
-0.7319335938,
-0.3791503906,
0.3510742188,
-0.0295562744,
0.8793945312,
-0.1759033203,
-0.0332641602,
0.5932617188,
-0.3071289062,
-0.8500976562,
1.484375,
0.6494140625,
0.470703125,
-0.1458740234,
-1.009765625,
0.73046875,
-0.4191894531,
-0.771484375,
-1.34375,
0.1577148438,
0.2374267578,
0.46484375,
0.3544921875,
-0.5825195312,
-0.6123046875,
-0.7153320312,
0.4497070312,
-0.283203125,
0.1898193359,
1.3076171875,
0.2888183594,
1.1318359375,
-0.2152099609,
-0.5517578125,
-0.0494689941,
0.0065765381,
-0.4790039062,
-0.0346984863,
-0.1468505859,
-0.8764648438,
-0.1401367188,
0.953125,
-0.0327453613,
-0.6254882812,
-0.1890869141,
-0.60546875,
0.7231445312,
0.2998046875,
0.1511230469,
0.5747070312,
-0.2939453125,
0.0137634277,
0.4189453125,
0.0480041504,
-0.291015625,
-0.951171875,
-0.1089477539,
-0.0392150879,
0.4753417969,
0.1934814453,
-1.703125,
-1.28515625,
0.8198242188,
-0.9580078125,
-0.1812744141,
-0.4992675781,
-0.8935546875,
0.7978515625,
0.042175293,
-0.2592773438,
-0.6606445312,
0.0236663818,
-0.1685791016,
-0.4479980469,
0.6689453125,
0.7788085938,
-0.0760498047,
-0.0517578125,
-0.4521484375,
-0.4467773438,
0.8603515625,
-0.3208007812,
-0.4174804688,
0.1241455078,
-0.78125,
0.2430419922,
-0.2178955078,
-0.0399780273,
0.6630859375,
-0.529296875,
-0.4802246094,
-0.7153320312,
-0.837890625,
0.6967773438,
-0.2570800781,
0.7905273438,
-0.669921875,
0.2673339844,
0.0359802246,
0.1009521484,
-0.0536499023,
0.998046875,
-1.14453125,
-0.7451171875,
-0.7573242188,
-0.1561279297,
0.5268554688,
-0.07421875,
1.169921875,
0.7514648438,
0.6689453125,
0.5673828125,
-0.1585693359,
-0.9135742188,
-12.5703125,
-0.4526367188,
0.1153564453,
-0.6713867188,
1.1142578125,
0.4375,
-1.1171875,
0.314453125,
-0.548828125,
-0.1712646484,
0.7817382812,
0.5595703125,
0.4287109375,
0.6215820312,
-0.2939453125,
0.2281494141,
-0.6372070312,
0.9853515625,
-0.0657348633,
-1.1552734375,
0.80859375,
-0.4099121094,
-0.7416992188,
0.1353759766,
-0.5131835938,
0.0824584961,
-0.1021118164,
-1.6728515625,
0.1090087891,
-1.08203125,
-0.3498535156,
-0.5141601562,
-0.2890625,
0.3979492188,
0.5180664062,
-1.1669921875,
0.3022460938,
-0.2391357422,
-0.5986328125,
-0.0459594727,
-0.1890869141,
-0.3137207031,
-1.484375,
-0.1607666016,
0.3735351562,
0.0740966797,
-0.443359375,
0.2418212891,
0.1595458984,
-1.087890625,
-0.4340820312,
1.2177734375,
0.5234375,
-0.4992675781,
-0.4030761719,
-0.5322265625,
1.0498046875,
0.2648925781,
0.0181732178,
0.2025146484,
0.677734375,
0.58203125,
-0.9467773438,
-0.3967285156,
-0.3781738281,
-0.4519042969,
-0.54296875,
-1.70703125,
0.1095581055,
0.2602539062,
-0.1296386719,
0.9545898438,
0.1207885742,
1.2685546875,
-0.4387207031,
0.0999755859,
0.3967285156,
0.6875,
-0.3996582031,
0.2578125,
-0.3076171875,
0.134765625
] |
Among the many such methods, some are:
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) – a collection of statistical models and their associated procedures which compare means by splitting the overall observed variance into different parts
Boolean analysis – a method to find deterministic dependencies between variables in a sample, mostly used in exploratory data analysis
Cluster analysis – techniques for finding groups (called clusters), based on some measure of proximity or similarity
Factor analysis – a method to construct models describing a data set of observed variables in terms of a smaller set of unobserved variables (called factors)
Meta-analysis – combines the results of several studies that address a set of related research hypotheses
Multivariate analysis – analysis of data involving several variables, such as by factor analysis, regression analysis, or principal component analysis
Principal component analysis – transformation of a sample of correlated variables into uncorrelated variables (called principal components), mostly used in exploratory data analysis
Regression analysis – techniques for analysing the relationships between several predictive variables and one or more outcomes in the data
Scale analysis (statistics) – methods to analyse survey data by scoring responses on a numeric scale
Sensitivity analysis – the study of how the variation in the output of a model depends on variations in the inputs
Sequential analysis – evaluation of sampled data as it is collected, until the criterion of a stopping rule is met
Spatial analysis – the study of entities using geometric or geographic properties
Time-series analysis – methods that attempt to understand a sequence of data points spaced apart at uniform time intervals
Other
Aura analysis – a technique in which supporters of the method claim that the body's aura, or energy field is analysed
Bowling analysis – Analysis of the performance of cricket players
Lithic analysis – the analysis of stone tools using basic scientific techniques
Lithic analysis is most often used by archeologists in determining which types of tools were used at a given time period pertaining to current artifacts discovered. | [
0.3249511719,
-1.1025390625,
-0.6162109375,
0.0742797852,
0.1585693359,
0.3620605469,
-0.3515625,
0.0339660645,
0.2973632812,
0.2861328125,
0.1079711914,
0.541015625,
-0.7314453125,
0.4636230469,
0.615234375,
-1.046875,
0.8325195312,
1.05078125,
0.1513671875,
-0.9770507812,
-0.1314697266,
-0.3598632812,
0.1236572266,
-1.076171875,
0.3435058594,
-0.814453125,
0.1467285156,
0.1687011719,
0.2058105469,
0.224609375,
-0.6416015625,
0.2290039062,
-0.5102539062,
0.498046875,
-0.2236328125,
0.0162658691,
0.2401123047,
-0.9536132812,
-0.763671875,
-0.1481933594,
-1.3212890625,
0.3295898438,
-0.2255859375,
-0.5415039062,
0.3962402344,
0.1744384766,
-0.2387695312,
-0.6196289062,
-1.2998046875,
0.0525512695,
-0.9228515625,
-0.6303710938,
0.4538574219,
0.1207275391,
-0.5063476562,
-0.2087402344,
0.3928222656,
-0.4211425781,
0.2404785156,
0.1965332031,
-0.1773681641,
0.779296875,
-0.552734375,
-0.3879394531,
1.5087890625,
-0.3759765625,
-0.8310546875,
0.3813476562,
-0.16796875,
-0.2244873047,
1.1787109375,
-0.1938476562,
-0.2998046875,
-0.0437011719,
0.6298828125,
-0.75,
0.2819824219,
0.3288574219,
-0.1820068359,
1.1376953125,
-0.7001953125,
-0.345703125,
-1.24609375,
-0.4504394531,
0.2149658203,
0.4897460938,
0.1756591797,
-1.1376953125,
-0.650390625,
1.5830078125,
0.7221679688,
-0.5673828125,
-0.1044311523,
-0.5913085938,
0.0443725586,
0.2073974609,
0.1508789062,
0.3703613281,
-0.2247314453,
-0.0035629272,
-0.0386657715,
-0.572265625,
-0.0268249512,
0.3486328125,
0.0615539551,
1.15234375,
-0.1252441406,
0.56640625,
0.3681640625,
0.040222168,
-0.1801757812,
0.4934082031,
-0.2990722656,
-0.3891601562,
-0.2770996094,
0.5854492188,
0.1877441406,
0.0149612427,
0.4821777344,
-0.0770263672,
0.1300048828,
0.8686523438,
0.3010253906,
-0.1473388672,
-0.2607421875,
-0.3454589844,
0.3151855469,
-0.7001953125,
1.390625,
0.2066650391,
0.3525390625,
-0.1251220703,
-0.8676757812,
-0.0492858887,
0.0402832031,
-0.837890625,
-0.8564453125,
0.7016601562,
0.2849121094,
0.564453125,
0.3981933594,
0.564453125,
-0.7548828125,
-0.7998046875,
0.3444824219,
0.1508789062,
-1.072265625,
-0.306640625,
0.3784179688,
-0.353515625,
-0.9697265625,
0.1049804688,
0.5708007812,
0.0369567871,
-0.4436035156,
0.0185394287,
-0.0802612305,
-0.2888183594,
-0.7080078125,
-0.0733642578,
-1.34765625,
-0.4521484375,
-1.1845703125,
0.775390625,
-0.4519042969,
0.9409179688,
-0.6357421875,
-0.1006469727,
-0.1220092773,
-0.4040527344,
-1.0634765625,
-0.0047988892,
-0.2056884766,
0.7211914062,
-0.0635986328,
0.3273925781,
0.6318359375,
-0.2158203125,
-0.625,
-0.669921875,
-0.4438476562,
-1.15234375,
0.1307373047,
-0.13671875,
-0.5302734375,
-0.3193359375,
-0.5249023438,
0.619140625,
-0.58984375,
-0.0407409668,
0.1845703125,
-0.2912597656,
-0.4851074219,
-0.0516662598,
-0.6274414062,
-0.6801757812,
-0.9282226562,
-0.626953125,
0.0700683594,
0.4924316406,
0.314453125,
0.3842773438,
0.2766113281,
0.0126876831,
0.3488769531,
1.021484375,
1.392578125,
0.4841308594,
1.02734375,
-0.3735351562,
-0.3217773438,
1.2451171875,
0.3244628906,
-0.4865722656,
0.4645996094,
0.453125,
-0.568359375,
-0.1264648438,
-0.2502441406,
0.5654296875,
0.1307373047,
1.0947265625,
-1.5986328125,
-0.3920898438,
-0.4235839844,
-0.3747558594,
-0.2641601562,
0.2272949219,
1.037109375,
-0.810546875,
-0.0294952393,
0.7827148438,
0.2078857422,
-0.1519775391,
0.2084960938,
-0.1765136719,
0.1595458984,
0.1654052734,
-0.2424316406,
-0.0607910156,
0.7768554688,
0.0701293945,
-0.3647460938,
-0.6000976562,
0.9877929688,
-0.6333007812,
-0.3325195312,
0.0562744141,
0.318359375,
0.5913085938,
-0.0785522461,
0.2030029297,
0.3076171875,
0.7153320312,
-0.2169189453,
0.0753173828,
-0.67578125,
-1.13671875,
0.3854980469,
0.2751464844,
-0.1232299805,
-0.1590576172,
0.0704956055,
-0.673828125,
0.1842041016,
0.4262695312,
-0.9111328125,
-1.0166015625,
0.8876953125,
0.0408325195,
-0.0137023926,
0.7729492188,
0.5239257812,
-0.4370117188,
0.0182800293,
0.0637207031,
-0.0371704102,
-1.1474609375,
1.0439453125,
0.2890625,
0.1458740234,
0.2900390625,
0.4877929688,
-0.3310546875,
0.0888061523,
0.6499023438,
-0.0947875977,
0.6728515625,
0.3911132812,
-0.4860839844,
-1.5,
-0.2377929688,
0.0637207031,
0.2047119141,
0.2448730469,
0.0790405273,
0.3435058594,
-1.0283203125,
0.5424804688,
0.3986816406,
0.568359375,
-0.0609741211,
1.0439453125,
-0.5703125,
0.5063476562,
0.0094070435,
-0.1594238281,
-0.3747558594,
-0.7553710938,
-0.0650634766,
-0.1544189453,
0.2430419922,
0.0811157227,
0.0054740906,
-1.16015625,
-0.9111328125,
-0.6396484375,
-0.3703613281,
0.4367675781,
-0.837890625,
0.2301025391,
0.0258331299,
-0.0883178711,
-0.6982421875,
0.1264648438,
0.68359375,
-1.8974609375,
-0.6044921875,
-0.7734375,
-0.2739257812,
1.2646484375,
0.240234375,
0.4655761719,
0.5629882812,
-0.3244628906,
0.2141113281,
-0.2788085938,
-0.7583007812,
-0.0074310303,
-0.521484375,
-0.1006469727,
-0.6196289062,
0.3610839844,
0.3356933594,
1.0634765625,
0.2336425781,
-1.1494140625,
-1.0478515625,
0.2037353516,
-0.5322265625,
0.8828125,
-0.3090820312,
-0.5053710938,
-0.4128417969,
-0.1071166992,
-0.9150390625,
0.2541503906,
1.0517578125,
-0.150390625,
0.3122558594,
-0.3894042969,
1.240234375,
-1.0244140625,
0.2016601562,
-1.2431640625,
-0.0973510742,
0.1101074219,
-0.1282958984,
-0.705078125,
-0.4592285156,
0.9653320312,
0.4260253906,
0.2399902344,
0.927734375,
-0.1676025391,
-1.587890625,
0.0741577148,
1.0556640625,
0.1325683594,
-0.97265625,
-0.7290039062,
-0.4738769531,
0.1213989258,
-1.3759765625,
-1.05078125,
0.4189453125,
-0.8549804688,
0.4602050781,
-1.2119140625,
0.8657226562,
-0.4174804688,
0.0432434082,
0.4282226562,
0.5678710938,
0.8969726562,
0.787109375,
0.003238678,
-0.78125,
0.1375732422,
-0.1937255859,
0.2185058594,
-1.544921875,
-0.728515625,
-0.8149414062,
0.1778564453,
-0.4194335938,
0.80078125,
0.3295898438,
0.1020507812,
-0.6245117188,
0.023147583,
-0.4130859375,
0.1339111328,
0.0108108521,
-0.482421875,
0.3059082031,
0.673828125,
-0.0817260742,
0.1318359375,
0.1110229492,
-0.796875,
-0.3754882812,
0.5102539062,
-0.4118652344,
0.0465087891,
0.5834960938,
-0.5126953125,
-0.2288818359,
0.6123046875,
-0.35546875,
-0.2553710938,
1.5009765625,
0.4025878906,
0.1665039062,
-0.4421386719,
-0.4936523438,
-0.2619628906,
-0.0268249512,
0.6958007812,
0.064453125,
0.505859375,
1.5625,
0.0681762695,
0.3674316406,
-0.4633789062,
0.0103988647,
0.5869140625,
-0.4714355469,
0.3581542969,
-0.7119140625,
0.3923339844,
0.1566162109,
0.4501953125,
-0.3918457031,
0.3376464844,
0.4125976562,
-0.5297851562,
0.3913574219,
-0.4187011719,
0.3706054688,
-0.1159667969,
0.0863647461,
-0.439453125,
0.0467834473,
-0.3000488281,
-1.4619140625,
-1.6015625,
1.7080078125,
-0.1176757812,
-0.2980957031,
0.7978515625,
0.7778320312,
-0.0809936523,
0.0744018555,
-0.3698730469,
1.0654296875,
0.603515625,
-0.5668945312,
0.0667114258,
-0.4494628906,
0.8198242188,
0.6694335938,
-0.7294921875,
0.2751464844,
0.4755859375,
-0.1177368164,
-0.1916503906,
-0.6796875,
-0.2924804688,
0.427734375,
0.5073242188,
-0.3840332031,
-0.3513183594,
-0.5229492188,
-0.3217773438,
-0.8955078125,
0.5546875,
0.4719238281,
0.1012573242,
-0.2680664062,
-1.361328125,
0.1575927734,
0.3588867188,
0.2609863281,
-0.7553710938,
1.0107421875,
0.1555175781,
-0.5224609375,
0.6958007812,
1.0517578125,
-0.3381347656,
0.1024780273,
0.3122558594,
-0.8994140625,
-0.5791015625,
-0.0745239258,
-0.6743164062,
-0.0974121094,
0.0290222168,
-0.2880859375,
0.014465332,
-0.2631835938,
0.0995483398,
-0.0227508545,
0.3127441406,
1.2900390625,
0.0769042969,
-0.4538574219,
-0.2299804688,
-0.41015625,
0.978515625,
-0.0310821533,
0.7397460938,
-0.505859375,
0.1293945312,
-0.5737304688,
-0.3293457031,
0.7275390625,
-1.078125,
0.3840332031,
-0.8515625,
-0.0620117188,
-0.5092773438,
-0.775390625,
-0.4614257812,
0.6391601562,
0.5864257812,
0.3349609375,
0.2156982422,
-0.41796875,
0.4597167969,
0.1545410156,
-0.1989746094,
0.2348632812,
-0.5590820312,
-0.1712646484,
-0.4450683594,
0.3894042969,
0.3254394531,
0.7192382812,
-0.9013671875,
-0.2015380859,
0.2670898438,
0.7192382812,
-0.0703735352,
1.021484375,
-0.7866210938,
-0.16015625,
-0.1110839844,
-0.5854492188,
-0.6049804688,
-0.2866210938,
0.3359375,
-0.0112838745,
1.2705078125,
-0.6274414062,
0.8461914062,
-0.7661132812,
0.2482910156,
0.9018554688,
-0.1491699219,
-0.0250549316,
-1.7158203125,
-0.1394042969,
0.5756835938,
1.0068359375,
0.7426757812,
-0.77734375,
-0.640625,
-1.068359375,
0.4909667969,
-1.0419921875,
0.6791992188,
1.142578125,
-0.0879516602,
-0.3288574219,
0.3842773438,
1.505859375,
0.740234375,
-0.0534973145,
-0.2426757812,
-0.2114257812,
0.521484375,
-0.1492919922,
0.50390625,
0.630859375,
0.1518554688,
-0.0241699219,
-0.1655273438,
1.01953125,
0.2854003906,
0.1002197266,
-0.0665283203,
-0.3879394531,
0.1921386719,
-0.0027694702,
-0.1883544922,
-0.0007305145,
-0.943359375,
-0.7602539062,
-1.173828125,
1.455078125,
-0.4829101562,
0.0715332031,
-0.1249389648,
0.4760742188,
-0.6967773438,
0.6328125,
0.5864257812,
-0.1907958984,
-0.0556640625,
0.3347167969,
-0.2702636719,
-0.0635986328,
0.1414794922,
0.5283203125,
1.005859375,
0.7709960938,
-0.1394042969,
0.66796875,
0.2377929688,
0.57421875,
-0.947265625,
-0.2282714844,
0.1536865234,
-0.3845214844,
0.3608398438,
-0.4379882812,
-0.6538085938,
-0.3835449219,
0.3093261719,
-0.0050544739,
0.8359375,
-0.1798095703,
-0.5927734375,
-0.0722045898,
0.8642578125,
-0.4169921875,
0.1536865234,
-0.2834472656,
-0.4663085938,
0.38671875,
-0.0142974854,
0.6840820312,
-0.1259765625,
0.5390625,
-1.162109375,
-0.4560546875,
-0.5947265625,
-0.9614257812,
0.46875,
0.0489807129,
0.0019187927,
1.349609375,
0.7221679688,
-0.9306640625,
-0.4365234375,
-1.0654296875,
-0.7666015625,
0.2489013672,
-0.521484375,
0.0556335449,
0.5297851562,
0.8862304688,
-1.4814453125,
-1.8037109375,
-0.1750488281,
-0.3803710938,
-0.3046875,
0.1127929688,
-0.3200683594,
-0.708984375,
-0.2858886719,
-0.0727539062,
-1.0166015625,
-0.2427978516,
0.2944335938,
1.2275390625,
0.1557617188,
0.4118652344,
0.3981933594,
-1.080078125,
-0.904296875,
0.3845214844,
-0.2907714844,
-0.6455078125,
-0.1721191406,
0.720703125,
0.4223632812,
0.1400146484,
-0.0667724609,
0.3073730469,
0.3171386719,
0.8129882812,
0.6313476562,
0.6020507812,
-0.560546875,
0.0437316895,
-0.505859375,
0.1860351562,
-1.076171875,
0.232421875,
0.7778320312,
0.3940429688,
0.0895996094,
0.8188476562,
-1.1513671875,
0.4143066406,
-0.0819702148,
-0.4858398438,
-0.560546875,
-0.6123046875,
0.0122833252,
0.3017578125,
0.78125,
-0.1634521484,
0.3308105469,
-0.4689941406,
0.3483886719,
0.3601074219,
0.6899414062,
0.5258789062,
-1.125,
0.5546875,
0.3942871094,
-0.1789550781,
1.3369140625,
-0.0021572113,
-0.603515625,
0.2573242188,
-0.5708007812,
0.075378418,
-0.3947753906,
-0.9213867188,
-0.3876953125,
0.1427001953,
-0.58984375,
-0.7841796875,
-0.0891723633,
-0.3012695312,
1.28125,
-0.4382324219,
-0.650390625,
-0.4401855469,
0.0523681641,
0.9453125,
0.7075195312,
0.2875976562,
0.3913574219,
-0.3312988281,
-0.3217773438,
0.3908691406,
-0.5688476562,
0.6005859375,
0.0200195312,
0.74609375,
0.9829101562,
0.330078125,
-0.1246948242,
0.2709960938,
-0.3098144531,
-0.6059570312,
0.6533203125,
0.8349609375,
0.6767578125,
-0.2393798828,
0.1413574219,
1.2373046875,
-0.0129776001,
-0.6840820312,
-0.3015136719,
-0.8999023438,
0.1822509766,
-0.1178588867,
0.7651367188,
0.2104492188,
0.4907226562,
0.7294921875,
-0.55859375,
0.1091918945,
-0.6372070312,
0.6528320312,
0.4936523438,
-1.521484375,
0.6303710938,
-0.7622070312,
0.8217773438,
0.0363464355,
0.1359863281,
0.4255371094,
-1.412109375,
0.3427734375,
-0.8706054688,
-0.0909423828,
0.5786132812,
-0.548828125,
-0.9780273438,
0.2369384766,
-0.0290679932,
-0.5322265625,
0.006362915,
-0.4699707031,
0.7055664062,
-0.291015625,
1.248046875,
-0.4340820312,
-0.7138671875,
-0.1135864258,
-0.6235351562,
0.3125,
-0.3276367188,
0.0885620117,
0.4150390625,
-0.1079711914,
0.6118164062,
0.7084960938,
0.8549804688,
0.5063476562,
1.3740234375,
0.5581054688,
0.2780761719,
-0.6245117188,
0.1887207031,
-0.1408691406,
0.0327148438,
-0.9995117188,
0.3171386719,
0.1739501953,
-0.0057258606,
0.4641113281,
-0.6411132812,
-0.716796875,
-0.5859375,
-0.4028320312,
0.1826171875,
-0.1975097656,
0.185546875,
0.1077270508,
0.1154174805,
0.517578125,
0.4392089844,
0.3623046875,
-0.9916992188,
0.3498535156,
-0.2331542969,
-0.1271972656,
-0.8002929688,
0.3181152344,
0.4375,
0.4377441406,
-0.1696777344,
-0.0872192383,
0.1072387695,
-0.3188476562,
-0.177734375,
-0.0168151855,
-0.3352050781,
-0.5244140625,
-0.9365234375,
0.8491210938,
0.6879882812,
0.4299316406,
-0.4458007812,
-1.0439453125,
0.1591796875,
0.740234375,
-0.2325439453,
0.0157928467,
-0.0425720215,
-1.0791015625,
0.1533203125,
0.2629394531,
-0.0486450195,
-0.0128707886,
-1.005859375,
0.2983398438,
0.2934570312,
-0.4833984375,
-0.2807617188,
0.5454101562,
-0.2724609375,
-0.3400878906,
0.8188476562,
0.1706542969,
0.2152099609,
0.5786132812,
-0.2368164062,
0.1604003906,
1.3505859375,
-0.1124267578,
-0.4045410156,
-0.1293945312,
-0.478515625,
0.3908691406,
-1.2236328125,
-0.4294433594,
0.6572265625,
-0.6401367188,
0.1456298828,
-0.6928710938,
-0.2055664062,
-0.1251220703,
0.4426269531,
1.1103515625,
-0.7563476562,
0.5444335938,
-1.1552734375,
-0.5952148438,
-0.0807495117,
1.0234375,
-0.4948730469,
-0.3278808594,
-0.8500976562,
-0.1608886719,
-0.4870605469,
-0.3010253906,
-0.23828125,
-0.5541992188,
0.6948242188,
0.0494689941,
0.0484008789,
-0.5419921875,
-14.2890625,
-0.1441650391,
0.587890625,
0.0152206421,
0.9291992188,
-0.1744384766,
0.1820068359,
-0.1226196289,
0.4838867188,
-0.2607421875,
0.0872192383,
1.064453125,
-0.2934570312,
0.1557617188,
0.2504882812,
-0.9204101562,
-0.9345703125,
-0.3874511719,
-0.5659179688,
-0.91796875,
0.3234863281,
0.0672607422,
-0.2279052734,
-0.328125,
-1.4501953125,
0.7944335938,
-0.6342773438,
-0.3701171875,
-0.3742675781,
0.2415771484,
-0.515625,
-0.2166748047,
-0.642578125,
1.494140625,
0.1901855469,
-0.1903076172,
0.1330566406,
-0.8969726562,
-0.4841308594,
0.6420898438,
0.0904541016,
-0.6704101562,
-0.6811523438,
-0.3110351562,
0.7265625,
0.3312988281,
-0.1744384766,
-0.1051635742,
0.3928222656,
-0.1179199219,
0.2199707031,
1.9599609375,
0.8422851562,
-0.5668945312,
-0.9741210938,
-0.0686035156,
1.0048828125,
0.0735473633,
-0.4387207031,
-0.2224121094,
0.0301513672,
0.9477539062,
-0.4631347656,
-0.1466064453,
0.2442626953,
-0.9541015625,
-0.6625976562,
-0.4216308594,
-1.1640625,
0.3249511719,
0.0142364502,
0.1505126953,
-0.7319335938,
1.080078125,
-0.4020996094,
1.0185546875,
1.9208984375,
-0.1572265625,
0.5668945312,
0.5791015625,
-0.4499511719,
-0.5659179688
] |
Protocol analysis – a means for extracting persons' thoughts while they are performing a task
See also
Formal analysis
Metabolism in biology
Methodology
Scientific method
References
External links
Abstraction
Critical thinking skills
Emergence
Empiricism
Epistemological theories
Intelligence
Mathematical modeling
Metaphysics of mind
Methodology
Ontology
Philosophy of logic
Rationalism
Reasoning
Research methods
Scientific method
Theory of mind | [
0.1502685547,
-0.8950195312,
0.7036132812,
0.1749267578,
0.073425293,
-0.0187530518,
0.0345458984,
0.66015625,
0.1779785156,
0.4777832031,
0.2543945312,
0.349609375,
-0.6928710938,
0.0578613281,
-0.5576171875,
-1.2158203125,
0.6416015625,
-0.1829833984,
-0.4487304688,
-0.5698242188,
0.7006835938,
0.1268310547,
-0.130859375,
-1.388671875,
-0.8588867188,
-0.4299316406,
0.5615234375,
0.2915039062,
0.1839599609,
0.7797851562,
-0.2021484375,
0.515625,
-1.384765625,
0.1561279297,
-0.0862426758,
0.3583984375,
0.2347412109,
-0.4384765625,
-0.5791015625,
-0.2946777344,
-0.7631835938,
-0.8100585938,
0.0155105591,
0.2012939453,
0.1831054688,
1.435546875,
0.1204833984,
-0.5073242188,
-0.7485351562,
-0.3149414062,
-0.021270752,
0.1357421875,
-0.2661132812,
-0.484375,
-0.2839355469,
-0.6215820312,
1.1376953125,
-0.2202148438,
0.310546875,
0.0479736328,
-0.2125244141,
0.66015625,
0.1632080078,
0.3115234375,
1.1826171875,
-0.1734619141,
-0.62109375,
-0.3586425781,
-0.9399414062,
0.7211914062,
-0.2507324219,
0.2204589844,
-0.9741210938,
-0.5830078125,
0.0958251953,
0.953125,
1.25,
-0.2482910156,
0.26171875,
0.7294921875,
-1.2587890625,
-1.0849609375,
-0.3742675781,
-0.8862304688,
0.1611328125,
-0.0943603516,
-0.4313964844,
-0.2056884766,
0.734375,
0.1427001953,
1.3525390625,
-0.7387695312,
-0.1252441406,
-1.09375,
0.1524658203,
0.2108154297,
-0.0598144531,
0.0842895508,
-0.7729492188,
-1.154296875,
-0.7338867188,
-0.1966552734,
-0.8862304688,
-0.3625488281,
0.8056640625,
0.3764648438,
-0.9565429688,
0.7612304688,
0.728515625,
0.1481933594,
-0.1628417969,
-0.3029785156,
0.4392089844,
0.3110351562,
-0.234375,
0.2883300781,
0.3044433594,
0.3283691406,
0.3256835938,
0.8857421875,
-0.1341552734,
0.1680908203,
-0.7685546875,
0.3874511719,
-0.5297851562,
-0.0522460938,
0.4064941406,
-0.3464355469,
0.9765625,
0.302734375,
-0.4313964844,
-1.0400390625,
0.3029785156,
-0.3227539062,
-0.3793945312,
-0.5073242188,
-0.9926757812,
0.0430603027,
0.1175537109,
1.8154296875,
0.6284179688,
-0.1643066406,
-0.4064941406,
-0.4267578125,
0.044128418,
0.2607421875,
-0.69140625,
0.5791015625,
0.3615722656,
-0.6284179688,
-0.44140625,
0.0803222656,
0.3103027344,
0.4077148438,
-0.6772460938,
0.1423339844,
-1.240234375,
-0.4001464844,
-0.6577148438,
0.4643554688,
-0.4841308594,
-2.05859375,
-0.3513183594,
0.3234863281,
0.7426757812,
0.8251953125,
-0.3618164062,
0.1680908203,
0.3293457031,
0.5014648438,
-0.8530273438,
0.6103515625,
0.5620117188,
0.40234375,
-0.8984375,
0.50390625,
0.4072265625,
0.2403564453,
0.2961425781,
-0.2152099609,
-0.263671875,
-1.6982421875,
1.228515625,
0.3427734375,
0.4528808594,
0.1779785156,
0.583984375,
-0.3603515625,
-0.5400390625,
-0.9575195312,
0.0642700195,
-0.5063476562,
-0.1270751953,
0.6376953125,
-0.5615234375,
-0.085144043,
-1.1865234375,
-0.4729003906,
-0.7958984375,
1.375,
0.1789550781,
-0.1732177734,
0.3776855469,
-0.525390625,
0.0702514648,
0.2824707031,
0.0389099121,
0.767578125,
1.6650390625,
0.0260467529,
-0.3127441406,
0.6865234375,
-0.0427246094,
0.3603515625,
0.2907714844,
0.1682128906,
-0.4499511719,
-0.7211914062,
0.3117675781,
-0.5073242188,
0.828125,
0.6474609375,
-0.0495910645,
0.5063476562,
-0.5668945312,
0.6977539062,
-0.5458984375,
1.1298828125,
0.3229980469,
0.0256195068,
0.1469726562,
0.2000732422,
0.9765625,
-0.0386352539,
-0.3195800781,
-1.1611328125,
-0.0502319336,
0.5224609375,
0.6508789062,
0.7836914062,
0.2863769531,
-0.2646484375,
-0.3364257812,
-0.2653808594,
0.5932617188,
-0.9340820312,
-0.4426269531,
-0.7270507812,
0.3742675781,
0.3637695312,
0.9370117188,
0.2224121094,
-1.482421875,
0.9516601562,
0.2429199219,
0.0280151367,
-0.7260742188,
-0.7973632812,
0.2111816406,
-0.1691894531,
-0.369140625,
-0.2517089844,
1.296875,
-1.373046875,
-0.2408447266,
0.4428710938,
-1.263671875,
-1.572265625,
1.7900390625,
-0.0169830322,
-0.5205078125,
-0.5698242188,
-0.6821289062,
-0.634765625,
0.4653320312,
-0.1702880859,
0.4387207031,
-0.6586914062,
-0.5493164062,
0.92578125,
0.6196289062,
0.0402832031,
1.421875,
-1.1865234375,
0.4619140625,
0.2570800781,
-0.0478210449,
0.6225585938,
0.1513671875,
-0.0042724609,
-0.0170593262,
-0.4594726562,
-0.7905273438,
0.9204101562,
0.68359375,
-0.2130126953,
0.6049804688,
-0.775390625,
0.0337524414,
0.1501464844,
0.7387695312,
-0.3903808594,
-0.0021057129,
-0.4504394531,
0.732421875,
-0.2144775391,
0.4479980469,
-0.0650024414,
-0.0286865234,
0.2080078125,
-0.5004882812,
-0.3835449219,
0.689453125,
0.2451171875,
-0.4140625,
-0.3803710938,
-0.8911132812,
-0.8720703125,
1.158203125,
-0.3403320312,
0.0159912109,
0.3713378906,
-0.6899414062,
-1.1318359375,
0.365234375,
0.3393554688,
-1.9775390625,
-0.4404296875,
-0.1035766602,
-0.5249023438,
0.8002929688,
0.3781738281,
-0.2888183594,
-0.9208984375,
-0.1072387695,
0.7983398438,
0.5747070312,
-0.6059570312,
1.310546875,
-0.6782226562,
-0.0586853027,
0.0974731445,
0.2421875,
-0.1446533203,
-0.0347595215,
0.66796875,
-0.6025390625,
-0.6225585938,
0.7421875,
-0.2359619141,
-0.4211425781,
-1.1025390625,
-0.5439453125,
0.0737915039,
0.3889160156,
-1.2802734375,
0.5922851562,
0.5791015625,
0.5327148438,
0.0106201172,
-0.048248291,
0.6733398438,
-0.8681640625,
-0.5092773438,
-2.40234375,
0.2722167969,
0.4782714844,
-0.3940429688,
-0.8403320312,
-0.2486572266,
0.7255859375,
0.0766601562,
-0.0216522217,
0.369140625,
0.1806640625,
-0.6640625,
-0.1392822266,
-0.1397705078,
-0.020324707,
-0.9360351562,
0.3798828125,
-1.1552734375,
0.5693359375,
-0.2066650391,
-0.7578125,
0.8125,
-0.9404296875,
0.2875976562,
-1.4951171875,
0.2413330078,
-0.1778564453,
0.5776367188,
1.25,
-0.1564941406,
0.40234375,
-0.0586853027,
-0.1617431641,
-0.5122070312,
0.8403320312,
-0.8212890625,
-0.2060546875,
-0.8095703125,
-1.0302734375,
-0.2629394531,
0.3869628906,
1.0283203125,
1.525390625,
-0.400390625,
1.1201171875,
-0.1478271484,
0.2268066406,
-0.8129882812,
-0.3693847656,
0.0014486313,
-0.8422851562,
0.0117416382,
-0.1877441406,
0.0619812012,
0.8559570312,
1.15625,
-1.2470703125,
0.1629638672,
-0.3107910156,
-0.2961425781,
-0.1672363281,
0.7802734375,
0.5434570312,
0.4645996094,
0.6899414062,
-0.6176757812,
-0.9458007812,
1.9384765625,
0.2758789062,
0.0318908691,
-0.0095596313,
-0.6220703125,
-0.3669433594,
0.1942138672,
0.16796875,
0.2795410156,
-0.0827026367,
0.5751953125,
0.1237182617,
0.6088867188,
1.3896484375,
-0.4453125,
-0.1724853516,
-0.87109375,
0.1990966797,
-0.396484375,
1.064453125,
-0.4897460938,
0.0204162598,
-0.4741210938,
0.6557617188,
0.6879882812,
-0.2487792969,
0.0294952393,
-0.9794921875,
0.2951660156,
0.0785522461,
0.1782226562,
-0.8779296875,
-0.6064453125,
-0.6030273438,
-2.09375,
-1.3212890625,
0.953125,
-0.3054199219,
-1.287109375,
-0.2257080078,
0.978515625,
0.615234375,
1.263671875,
-0.564453125,
0.5439453125,
1.4248046875,
0.005771637,
-0.73828125,
-0.9213867188,
0.4418945312,
0.1240844727,
-1.2900390625,
0.1459960938,
0.1962890625,
-0.361328125,
0.3461914062,
-0.3273925781,
0.3371582031,
-0.568359375,
0.7622070312,
-1.0458984375,
-0.4240722656,
0.4699707031,
-0.2103271484,
-0.0806884766,
0.7182617188,
0.124206543,
0.1881103516,
-0.65625,
-1.5791015625,
-0.2493896484,
-0.3278808594,
0.1528320312,
-0.8315429688,
0.8208007812,
-0.1416015625,
-0.0126113892,
-0.1566162109,
-0.73046875,
0.016998291,
0.2724609375,
0.6606445312,
-0.53515625,
-0.3083496094,
-0.8793945312,
-1.0205078125,
-0.4152832031,
-0.0128250122,
-0.587890625,
0.7299804688,
0.0051498413,
0.6118164062,
-0.8823242188,
0.0406188965,
0.6274414062,
0.3107910156,
-1.03515625,
-0.2585449219,
-1.1767578125,
1.9833984375,
0.3054199219,
-0.9838867188,
-0.7797851562,
-0.4213867188,
0.2690429688,
-0.3896484375,
-0.0485229492,
-1.37109375,
0.9443359375,
-0.9018554688,
0.3198242188,
-0.79296875,
-0.1280517578,
1.15625,
0.5771484375,
0.3391113281,
0.640625,
0.673828125,
0.4250488281,
0.748046875,
-0.0699462891,
-0.2193603516,
1.365234375,
-0.7504882812,
-0.0971069336,
-0.7104492188,
0.0934448242,
0.4765625,
-0.7397460938,
-0.1827392578,
0.400390625,
-0.4597167969,
0.212890625,
-0.451171875,
0.5258789062,
-0.0485229492,
0.0340576172,
0.3605957031,
-0.7143554688,
-1.5615234375,
1.0185546875,
0.7817382812,
-0.4116210938,
0.9262695312,
0.1328125,
0.8999023438,
-0.5415039062,
0.2451171875,
-0.1745605469,
-0.1695556641,
0.15234375,
-1.0625,
-0.1053466797,
-0.0615234375,
1.4833984375,
1.1865234375,
-0.3193359375,
-0.2001953125,
-0.3291015625,
-0.0756225586,
-0.4611816406,
1.162109375,
1.2392578125,
-0.6884765625,
-0.9184570312,
0.1541748047,
1.314453125,
0.1812744141,
0.2658691406,
0.2727050781,
-0.4016113281,
1.1044921875,
0.2227783203,
-0.447265625,
-0.6865234375,
-0.6171875,
0.0658569336,
-0.2973632812,
0.71875,
-0.1060180664,
-0.2336425781,
-0.7006835938,
-0.041229248,
0.0853881836,
1.4453125,
0.3544921875,
0.2175292969,
-0.4780273438,
-1.326171875,
1.068359375,
0.2756347656,
0.9169921875,
-0.9487304688,
0.4777832031,
0.6362304688,
-0.56640625,
0.2712402344,
0.2448730469,
0.4714355469,
-1.2353515625,
0.2534179688,
-0.0877075195,
0.1057128906,
-0.3571777344,
-0.1783447266,
-0.0573425293,
1.2646484375,
0.7543945312,
0.4240722656,
0.349609375,
0.57421875,
-0.951171875,
-0.3488769531,
-0.4912109375,
-0.3981933594,
-0.0498657227,
-0.6528320312,
-0.6499023438,
0.7744140625,
1.1591796875,
0.861328125,
1.0478515625,
-0.7241210938,
0.0262756348,
-0.6840820312,
0.4919433594,
-0.1033935547,
-0.4079589844,
0.4006347656,
-0.2956542969,
1.3310546875,
1.017578125,
0.3850097656,
-0.5590820312,
0.529296875,
-0.1860351562,
-0.0964355469,
-0.623046875,
-0.7397460938,
0.3720703125,
-0.3518066406,
-0.1497802734,
1.5625,
0.68359375,
-1.82421875,
-0.6196289062,
-0.8349609375,
-0.7690429688,
-0.615234375,
0.2164306641,
-0.3002929688,
-0.0329589844,
0.9526367188,
-0.6850585938,
-0.5209960938,
0.2785644531,
1.1650390625,
-0.3039550781,
0.4592285156,
-1.1103515625,
-0.0599975586,
-0.3322753906,
-0.2260742188,
0.0640869141,
-1.2236328125,
0.3247070312,
0.7094726562,
-0.0960693359,
0.521484375,
0.3752441406,
-1.1337890625,
0.1287841797,
0.8579101562,
0.9145507812,
-0.0377197266,
0.4309082031,
-0.5947265625,
0.1940917969,
-0.4755859375,
0.1690673828,
-0.3950195312,
-0.2426757812,
-0.8369140625,
0.271484375,
0.2531738281,
0.1785888672,
-0.0635986328,
-0.0595397949,
-0.5805664062,
-1.0087890625,
-0.2474365234,
1.22265625,
-0.1290283203,
0.8217773438,
-0.7412109375,
-0.0620422363,
0.4323730469,
0.435546875,
0.4616699219,
-0.83984375,
-0.9067382812,
-0.4309082031,
-0.1928710938,
0.3559570312,
-0.089050293,
0.294921875,
0.630859375,
0.2482910156,
-0.1192626953,
0.2634277344,
0.59765625,
-0.146484375,
0.5166015625,
1.15625,
-0.6850585938,
1.1083984375,
-0.0640869141,
-1.6337890625,
0.1374511719,
-0.0921020508,
-0.3625488281,
-0.3251953125,
-0.2351074219,
-0.1573486328,
0.0312805176,
-0.2658691406,
-0.994140625,
0.8115234375,
-0.1993408203,
0.1761474609,
-0.2490234375,
0.0076522827,
-0.146484375,
1.07421875,
0.669921875,
0.1917724609,
0.4125976562,
0.3955078125,
-0.564453125,
-0.7065429688,
0.116394043,
-0.7348632812,
-0.689453125,
0.2409667969,
-0.3090820312,
-0.0718383789,
0.4470214844,
0.1245117188,
0.5561523438,
0.8120117188,
0.0780639648,
0.4104003906,
0.7036132812,
-0.2355957031,
-0.9565429688,
-0.1174926758,
0.1983642578,
-0.2058105469,
-0.4504394531,
-0.2075195312,
-0.5771484375,
0.548828125,
-0.2807617188,
-0.5854492188,
-0.1624755859,
0.4504394531,
0.1480712891,
-0.7392578125,
0.1804199219,
-0.2171630859,
0.1176147461,
0.875,
0.4125976562,
0.72265625,
-0.455078125,
1.494140625,
-0.4333496094,
0.5883789062,
0.6333007812,
-0.5551757812,
0.6831054688,
-0.3391113281,
0.9951171875,
1.6435546875,
-1.2998046875,
2.18359375,
-0.2325439453,
0.5395507812,
0.1479492188,
0.1147460938,
0.4575195312,
0.3020019531,
0.5146484375,
1.6259765625,
-0.9482421875,
-0.7338867188,
-0.5595703125,
-0.640625,
0.54296875,
0.5590820312,
0.3125,
0.4897460938,
-0.1677246094,
0.2717285156,
0.7373046875,
0.4814453125,
0.6083984375,
0.3479003906,
0.0754394531,
-0.25390625,
0.1860351562,
-1.0029296875,
0.4265136719,
-0.4519042969,
-0.6801757812,
-0.2634277344,
-0.3344726562,
0.4821777344,
0.4016113281,
0.1690673828,
-1.171875,
-0.7294921875,
-0.8540039062,
0.5546875,
-0.4455566406,
0.3161621094,
0.3193359375,
-0.0784912109,
1.234375,
-0.4934082031,
-0.3251953125,
-0.640625,
0.4282226562,
-1.2001953125,
-0.2739257812,
-0.4108886719,
-0.4934082031,
0.9497070312,
-1.0927734375,
0.4819335938,
-0.572265625,
-0.0930786133,
-0.6352539062,
-0.73046875,
0.8012695312,
0.1838378906,
0.1853027344,
0.5073242188,
-0.0697021484,
1.041015625,
0.58203125,
0.9252929688,
-0.876953125,
-0.775390625,
-0.4125976562,
0.1597900391,
-0.0424194336,
-0.69921875,
-0.6176757812,
0.6025390625,
-0.1700439453,
-0.3159179688,
-0.7177734375,
-0.59765625,
0.5751953125,
0.9584960938,
-1.0966796875,
-0.5908203125,
0.2668457031,
-0.5102539062,
-0.080871582,
0.814453125,
0.3271484375,
0.0909423828,
1.1064453125,
-0.4489746094,
-0.7099609375,
0.3864746094,
-0.189453125,
-1.2548828125,
-0.5903320312,
-0.3220214844,
-0.3881835938,
-0.5595703125,
-0.197265625,
0.5200195312,
0.0372009277,
-0.2459716797,
-0.3708496094,
-0.1034545898,
0.3784179688,
-0.0628662109,
0.396484375,
-1.2041015625,
1.8251953125,
-0.2315673828,
0.5668945312,
-0.443359375,
1.5654296875,
-0.4145507812,
-0.724609375,
-0.3139648438,
0.306640625,
-0.2231445312,
-0.0056304932,
1.2685546875,
-0.2631835938,
1.078125,
0.0191955566,
0.1704101562,
-1.298828125,
-11.6640625,
-1.1220703125,
-0.2722167969,
0.3598632812,
-0.267578125,
-0.0902709961,
0.1997070312,
-1.1435546875,
-0.8237304688,
0.2802734375,
0.4377441406,
1.9326171875,
-0.240234375,
-0.4230957031,
-0.6586914062,
-1.4873046875,
-0.3793945312,
-0.515625,
-0.3049316406,
-0.8828125,
0.8969726562,
-0.6010742188,
-0.1702880859,
-0.2274169922,
-1.2265625,
0.3295898438,
-0.4614257812,
-0.1784667969,
-0.0387878418,
-0.1884765625,
0.4008789062,
-0.2232666016,
0.3674316406,
-0.1618652344,
-0.3088378906,
0.0720825195,
0.2954101562,
-0.8115234375,
0.2269287109,
-0.7524414062,
-1.2607421875,
-0.6181640625,
-1.6220703125,
0.2839355469,
0.7182617188,
-0.2932128906,
-0.0291290283,
0.1879882812,
-0.4685058594,
-0.3137207031,
0.4536132812,
1.390625,
0.7895507812,
-0.83203125,
-0.740234375,
0.2254638672,
1.0439453125,
-0.3049316406,
-1.0068359375,
-0.1078491211,
-1.22265625,
1.041015625,
-0.2641601562,
-0.8564453125,
0.513671875,
-0.3454589844,
-1.333984375,
-0.7626953125,
-0.61328125,
-0.4006347656,
0.1899414062,
0.5522460938,
-0.9233398438,
1.69921875,
-0.2088623047,
0.4287109375,
0.263671875,
-0.1473388672,
-0.236328125,
0.4387207031,
-0.6723632812,
-0.6059570312
] |
Augustin-Jean Fresnel ( ; ; or ; ; 10 May 1788 – 14 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century. He is perhaps better known for inventing the catadioptric (reflective/refractive) Fresnel lens and for pioneering the use of "stepped" lenses to extend the visibility of lighthouses, saving countless lives at sea. The simpler dioptric (purely refractive) stepped lens, first proposed by Count Buffon and independently reinvented by Fresnel, is used in screen magnifiers and in condenser lenses for overhead projectors. By expressing Huygens's principle of secondary waves and Young's principle of interference in quantitative terms, and supposing that simple colors consist of sinusoidal waves, Fresnel gave the first satisfactory explanation of diffraction by straight edges, including the first satisfactory wave-based explanation of rectilinear propagation. Part of his argument was a proof that the addition of sinusoidal functions of the same frequency but different phases is analogous to the addition of forces with different directions. By further supposing that light waves are purely transverse, Fresnel explained the nature of polarization, the mechanism of chromatic polarization, and the transmission and reflection coefficients at the interface between two transparent isotropic media. Then, by generalizing the direction-speed-polarization relation for calcite, he accounted for the directions and polarizations of the refracted rays in doubly-refractive crystals of the biaxial class (those for which Huygens's secondary wavefronts are not axisymmetric). | [
-0.8637695312,
-0.6821289062,
-1.0048828125,
-0.7392578125,
0.2690429688,
-0.1735839844,
-0.1038208008,
-0.0643310547,
0.9975585938,
0.3771972656,
-0.1182250977,
-0.4714355469,
-0.453125,
-0.4033203125,
-0.073059082,
-0.1556396484,
-0.1588134766,
-0.9643554688,
0.0503540039,
0.0748291016,
0.0622558594,
-0.7124023438,
-0.9916992188,
0.020401001,
-0.8779296875,
0.7358398438,
0.4526367188,
0.1809082031,
-0.642578125,
-0.7861328125,
0.166015625,
-0.0328063965,
-0.3952636719,
-0.1096801758,
0.0770874023,
1.2734375,
-0.59375,
1.302734375,
-0.169921875,
0.0724487305,
-0.123840332,
-0.7006835938,
-0.2084960938,
-1.1259765625,
-0.1964111328,
-0.2196044922,
-0.3232421875,
0.0289916992,
-0.7182617188,
-0.28515625,
0.1854248047,
-0.6958007812,
-0.2731933594,
-0.1821289062,
-0.3325195312,
-0.8500976562,
0.3542480469,
-0.6044921875,
0.296875,
1.1962890625,
-0.8950195312,
0.1337890625,
-0.6655273438,
-0.3122558594,
0.912109375,
-0.2912597656,
0.1090087891,
-1.2255859375,
-0.4018554688,
0.4187011719,
-1.328125,
-0.017868042,
-0.3479003906,
-0.3930664062,
0.2568359375,
0.0838623047,
-1.080078125,
0.0764770508,
0.2736816406,
0.9453125,
-0.3647460938,
-0.5791015625,
-0.5483398438,
-1.1328125,
-1.46875,
0.4001464844,
-0.2496337891,
-0.5927734375,
-0.6650390625,
1.4912109375,
-0.1518554688,
-0.3342285156,
-0.2897949219,
-0.1166992188,
-0.2666015625,
0.2077636719,
-0.638671875,
-0.9858398438,
-0.8896484375,
0.5258789062,
0.7124023438,
-0.5659179688,
0.3410644531,
0.0290222168,
0.5405273438,
1.373046875,
-0.0380859375,
-0.7998046875,
-0.1054077148,
0.4331054688,
0.1904296875,
0.0519714355,
0.1827392578,
-0.5405273438,
-0.71484375,
0.7841796875,
-0.2727050781,
-0.365234375,
-0.7685546875,
-0.1030273438,
-0.25,
0.3359375,
0.1616210938,
-0.779296875,
0.0397338867,
0.1129760742,
-0.1135864258,
0.3000488281,
-0.2580566406,
-0.0915527344,
-0.4052734375,
-0.2122802734,
-0.0941162109,
-0.2687988281,
-0.943359375,
-0.52734375,
-1.1474609375,
-0.2663574219,
-0.251953125,
-0.2724609375,
-0.0858154297,
-0.1702880859,
0.6264648438,
-0.5356445312,
-0.2634277344,
-0.1940917969,
-0.1512451172,
0.1387939453,
-0.2651367188,
0.1629638672,
-0.9584960938,
-0.0331115723,
0.4426269531,
0.0589599609,
-0.443359375,
-0.0904541016,
-0.1958007812,
-0.0145339966,
-0.0374450684,
-1.5087890625,
-0.6284179688,
-0.1658935547,
-0.1787109375,
-0.7783203125,
0.0332641602,
0.4560546875,
-0.0649414062,
-1.2177734375,
0.1962890625,
0.3813476562,
0.4899902344,
0.0436401367,
-0.0370788574,
1.19921875,
-0.5444335938,
0.1882324219,
0.869140625,
0.9555664062,
0.4934082031,
0.6083984375,
0.1089477539,
-1.015625,
-0.4658203125,
-0.25390625,
0.5068359375,
-0.2203369141,
0.0491638184,
0.0288848877,
-0.1323242188,
-0.2290039062,
-0.9477539062,
1.013671875,
0.4270019531,
0.2585449219,
0.2727050781,
0.517578125,
-0.8032226562,
0.5556640625,
0.2844238281,
0.039855957,
0.6923828125,
0.91015625,
0.4401855469,
0.73828125,
0.4848632812,
0.2717285156,
0.3627929688,
0.7797851562,
0.38671875,
0.5390625,
-0.1106567383,
0.3493652344,
0.0293273926,
0.6015625,
-0.2661132812,
0.1412353516,
0.2917480469,
0.1234130859,
1.4033203125,
-0.9555664062,
0.1370849609,
0.1434326172,
-0.982421875,
-0.1039428711,
-0.4523925781,
-0.7265625,
0.0884399414,
0.685546875,
0.71484375,
0.1889648438,
0.6640625,
0.4677734375,
-0.4362792969,
0.4965820312,
0.5737304688,
-0.3400878906,
0.3923339844,
-1.0166015625,
-0.2191162109,
-1.37890625,
0.0708618164,
0.0043907166,
-0.3063964844,
-0.2993164062,
0.3666992188,
-0.5493164062,
0.6181640625,
-0.0538330078,
0.7075195312,
0.8466796875,
0.2521972656,
-0.0243225098,
1.0302734375,
-0.8715820312,
-0.4699707031,
0.306640625,
0.0986938477,
-0.359375,
-0.2536621094,
0.0991821289,
-0.2462158203,
0.0492553711,
0.5854492188,
-0.1791992188,
0.6762695312,
-0.6333007812,
0.3889160156,
0.0007829666,
-0.2108154297,
-0.069519043,
0.541015625,
-0.1324462891,
-0.607421875,
0.2758789062,
0.5141601562,
-0.1271972656,
-0.4428710938,
-0.0498352051,
0.065612793,
-0.9614257812,
0.1196289062,
-0.6684570312,
-0.7451171875,
-0.517578125,
0.42578125,
0.2565917969,
0.4340820312,
0.4477539062,
-0.7709960938,
0.8041992188,
1.2275390625,
0.4157714844,
-0.4787597656,
0.1490478516,
0.2766113281,
-0.3581542969,
-0.2437744141,
1.30078125,
-1.2392578125,
-0.4592285156,
0.5546875,
0.9233398438,
-0.2482910156,
0.1967773438,
-0.3681640625,
0.6826171875,
0.0171203613,
0.0739135742,
-1.576171875,
0.1512451172,
-0.0430603027,
0.3649902344,
-0.2856445312,
-0.5600585938,
-1.126953125,
-0.1728515625,
-0.4106445312,
-0.4282226562,
0.1397705078,
-0.5141601562,
0.673828125,
0.4860839844,
-0.4584960938,
0.0779418945,
0.1765136719,
0.9008789062,
0.4541015625,
-0.9985351562,
0.1838378906,
0.3488769531,
0.3122558594,
0.0739135742,
1.421875,
-0.0182342529,
-0.796875,
0.662109375,
-0.1529541016,
-0.314453125,
-0.2352294922,
-0.4377441406,
-0.3640136719,
-0.5483398438,
-0.69921875,
0.2709960938,
-0.3583984375,
1.0927734375,
-0.7827148438,
0.8374023438,
0.9428710938,
-0.0661621094,
0.0002646446,
-0.1960449219,
-0.4509277344,
-0.59765625,
-0.2734375,
0.5112304688,
-0.4543457031,
-0.2346191406,
-0.0854492188,
0.55859375,
0.533203125,
-0.37890625,
0.2136230469,
-0.0112686157,
-0.4118652344,
0.2290039062,
-0.1078491211,
0.8447265625,
-0.0806274414,
-0.3002929688,
0.1378173828,
0.2846679688,
-0.5073242188,
0.4929199219,
-0.3159179688,
-0.3881835938,
-0.734375,
-0.2442626953,
-0.400390625,
-0.115234375,
-0.5659179688,
-0.5395507812,
-0.4736328125,
-0.880859375,
0.3923339844,
0.5795898438,
0.0041656494,
-0.1713867188,
-0.580078125,
-0.1826171875,
0.70703125,
0.3759765625,
-0.1802978516,
0.2435302734,
-0.2687988281,
0.806640625,
0.0650024414,
-1.1103515625,
-0.73828125,
0.2236328125,
0.3332519531,
-1.3818359375,
-1.0068359375,
0.615234375,
0.3181152344,
0.0981445312,
1.111328125,
0.1335449219,
0.4267578125,
0.0629882812,
-0.1765136719,
-0.1467285156,
0.5834960938,
-0.4692382812,
-0.8110351562,
-0.0565490723,
0.56640625,
0.7446289062,
-0.3374023438,
0.1397705078,
-0.1706542969,
0.521484375,
-0.2414550781,
0.1411132812,
1.125,
0.2973632812,
-0.4267578125,
0.0470275879,
0.2202148438,
-1.208984375,
-0.1743164062,
-0.810546875,
-0.0579528809,
0.5361328125,
-0.0991210938,
-0.3366699219,
-0.142578125,
0.0093536377,
-0.3803710938,
-0.1546630859,
0.1831054688,
0.9052734375,
-0.7856445312,
0.7387695312,
0.7685546875,
-0.3486328125,
-0.0627441406,
-0.8608398438,
0.1335449219,
-0.5571289062,
-0.5874023438,
1.0791015625,
0.2556152344,
0.5151367188,
1.009765625,
-0.5234375,
-0.0576171875,
-0.4631347656,
0.7241210938,
0.1564941406,
-0.0966186523,
0.2073974609,
-0.50390625,
0.59765625,
0.8706054688,
-1.193359375,
-0.2426757812,
0.4821777344,
-1.21484375,
-0.556640625,
0.3151855469,
0.1890869141,
-1.01171875,
-0.0938720703,
-1.8642578125,
0.3056640625,
-0.1302490234,
-0.4604492188,
0.3793945312,
0.5786132812,
1.060546875,
0.1680908203,
0.40625,
-0.5942382812,
0.4831542969,
-0.576171875,
-0.4174804688,
0.0529785156,
0.4736328125,
-0.556640625,
0.0911254883,
0.3090820312,
-0.6909179688,
-0.2849121094,
-0.51953125,
-0.1727294922,
-0.6123046875,
-0.041229248,
-2.0390625,
-0.1258544922,
-1.0322265625,
0.1101074219,
-0.3989257812,
-0.9877929688,
0.7651367188,
0.8833007812,
0.1270751953,
0.2370605469,
0.7084960938,
0.5961914062,
-0.4099121094,
-0.3178710938,
-0.3786621094,
-0.1851806641,
-0.6596679688,
-0.974609375,
0.0241241455,
-0.0133590698,
0.0431213379,
0.3369140625,
-0.0867919922,
-0.1546630859,
0.8100585938,
0.0560913086,
-0.0185089111,
1.0830078125,
0.2712402344,
0.1713867188,
-0.7924804688,
0.0823974609,
0.9506835938,
-0.0237121582,
0.5903320312,
-0.4645996094,
-0.2351074219,
-0.0729980469,
0.7724609375,
1.1630859375,
0.9208984375,
0.4462890625,
0.4040527344,
0.6196289062,
-0.2086181641,
0.0156173706,
-0.2164306641,
0.5571289062,
0.1805419922,
0.1472167969,
-0.6928710938,
1.373046875,
-0.580078125,
-0.1339111328,
0.3720703125,
1.271484375,
-0.8217773438,
-0.4013671875,
-0.2592773438,
-0.4741210938,
0.4506835938,
-0.1901855469,
-0.572265625,
-0.5043945312,
0.0399169922,
-0.6416015625,
-0.5014648438,
0.3940429688,
0.3542480469,
0.6733398438,
-0.2469482422,
-0.0322265625,
-0.5952148438,
-0.0444946289,
0.0154724121,
0.984375,
-1.2119140625,
0.006401062,
-0.1219482422,
-0.681640625,
0.59765625,
-0.2141113281,
0.5727539062,
0.3671875,
-0.0243530273,
0.1875,
-0.9501953125,
-0.1680908203,
0.6557617188,
-0.8271484375,
0.2092285156,
-0.5268554688,
-0.2900390625,
-1.1884765625,
0.4887695312,
0.7709960938,
0.2646484375,
-0.0274353027,
-1.083984375,
0.857421875,
1.455078125,
-0.1312255859,
0.2548828125,
0.3334960938,
-0.7631835938,
-0.0916748047,
0.5961914062,
-0.3684082031,
0.6181640625,
0.3984375,
0.2817382812,
0.7299804688,
-0.8237304688,
-0.1352539062,
0.3823242188,
-0.7060546875,
1.11328125,
0.853515625,
-0.9282226562,
-0.3684082031,
-0.30078125,
-0.46484375,
0.3041992188,
0.1700439453,
0.1987304688,
-0.3229980469,
1.3115234375,
0.4201660156,
-0.4921875,
0.1176147461,
-0.4953613281,
0.2253417969,
0.6528320312,
-1.314453125,
0.0977783203,
-0.1944580078,
-0.0875854492,
0.701171875,
-0.0711669922,
0.7299804688,
0.3813476562,
0.3327636719,
0.4301757812,
0.1249389648,
-0.2391357422,
0.3742675781,
1.0009765625,
-0.2312011719,
0.107421875,
0.2583007812,
-1.654296875,
0.2790527344,
0.0517883301,
0.4526367188,
0.4497070312,
-0.5053710938,
-0.0044021606,
-0.4296875,
-0.4157714844,
-0.37109375,
0.5229492188,
-0.0143508911,
1.2119140625,
0.0885620117,
0.0061149597,
-0.8427734375,
-0.1859130859,
0.9545898438,
0.5112304688,
-0.6206054688,
-0.0439147949,
-0.3271484375,
0.7036132812,
-0.9897460938,
-0.043762207,
0.9389648438,
0.0209197998,
0.33203125,
0.1489257812,
-0.5112304688,
-1.130859375,
0.7080078125,
0.1667480469,
0.5673828125,
-0.8271484375,
-0.4926757812,
-0.0149078369,
-0.2373046875,
-1.1826171875,
0.4338378906,
-0.1374511719,
0.4196777344,
-0.3317871094,
0.1782226562,
-1.1884765625,
-0.6577148438,
-0.7485351562,
-0.6010742188,
0.0101699829,
0.1170654297,
0.333984375,
0.3354492188,
0.4833984375,
0.2509765625,
-0.9775390625,
0.4143066406,
-1.3662109375,
-0.6240234375,
0.3037109375,
0.5122070312,
0.2037353516,
-0.3852539062,
-0.2000732422,
-0.1508789062,
0.2521972656,
0.3544921875,
1.7529296875,
-0.4475097656,
-0.3076171875,
0.927734375,
1.447265625,
0.1481933594,
-0.0583190918,
0.0667724609,
-0.5688476562,
0.3732910156,
-0.6215820312,
1.6123046875,
0.4597167969,
-0.1216430664,
-0.2462158203,
-0.3874511719,
-0.6518554688,
-0.1960449219,
0.82421875,
-0.1984863281,
0.3999023438,
-0.0321960449,
0.7456054688,
-0.6391601562,
0.7646484375,
0.7133789062,
-0.671875,
-0.2288818359,
0.103515625,
-0.6059570312,
0.2170410156,
-0.0468444824,
1.0712890625,
0.947265625,
0.2130126953,
-0.9926757812,
-0.2802734375,
-0.3017578125,
0.4575195312,
-0.3991699219,
-0.0880737305,
0.1527099609,
-0.0207366943,
-0.6396484375,
0.8725585938,
-0.094543457,
-0.1857910156,
-0.1903076172,
-0.4382324219,
-0.33984375,
-0.0096130371,
0.1428222656,
-0.4809570312,
0.3469238281,
-0.1661376953,
1.2177734375,
0.8188476562,
0.4028320312,
-0.2370605469,
0.2614746094,
0.3833007812,
0.2027587891,
-0.1102905273,
-1.205078125,
0.0264892578,
-0.0608825684,
-0.6591796875,
-0.0417175293,
-0.2302246094,
0.509765625,
-0.33984375,
-0.3527832031,
-1.0634765625,
1.14453125,
-0.5795898438,
-0.9189453125,
0.1600341797,
0.9731445312,
0.2153320312,
1.2001953125,
0.5004882812,
0.7578125,
-0.4541015625,
-1.6416015625,
0.0568847656,
0.3041992188,
0.0590209961,
-0.3088378906,
-0.0744628906,
0.5029296875,
-1.1259765625,
-0.4521484375,
0.4047851562,
-0.1211547852,
0.765625,
0.59765625,
0.3642578125,
0.6259765625,
0.0194549561,
0.9038085938,
0.6455078125,
-0.7290039062,
0.4709472656,
0.1407470703,
0.2121582031,
0.537109375,
-0.2631835938,
0.3828125,
0.0689697266,
-0.3933105469,
0.8432617188,
1.134765625,
0.6362304688,
0.8618164062,
-0.7456054688,
0.2575683594,
-0.0983276367,
0.5512695312,
0.1092529297,
0.1435546875,
0.2042236328,
1.16796875,
-0.2729492188,
0.1851806641,
0.3884277344,
-0.4621582031,
-0.3498535156,
-0.9604492188,
0.2333984375,
0.4560546875,
-0.748046875,
-0.2619628906,
-0.6650390625,
-0.1320800781,
-0.736328125,
-0.509765625,
-0.2646484375,
0.3190917969,
-0.3850097656,
-0.0312805176,
-0.3286132812,
-0.8994140625,
0.033416748,
-0.2314453125,
-0.3210449219,
-0.1575927734,
0.2498779297,
0.3029785156,
-0.126953125,
-0.0285644531,
-0.0599365234,
-0.6689453125,
-0.6850585938,
-0.830078125,
0.1190185547,
-0.006362915,
0.9462890625,
-0.5576171875,
-0.2077636719,
-0.4084472656,
-0.9838867188,
-0.701171875,
-0.4187011719,
-0.1541748047,
-0.78515625,
-0.2351074219,
0.3098144531,
0.3596191406,
-0.0725097656,
0.94140625,
0.740234375,
0.2915039062,
-0.0648193359,
0.1486816406,
-0.2054443359,
-0.0666503906,
0.5,
0.3132324219,
0.8232421875,
0.4890136719,
-0.8032226562,
0.3603515625,
-0.2495117188,
0.2491455078,
0.1228027344,
-0.1301269531,
-0.5317382812,
-0.0685424805,
-0.0220336914,
-0.1973876953,
-0.4035644531,
-0.3942871094,
0.5048828125,
-0.7094726562,
-0.1834716797,
-0.2235107422,
0.283203125,
-0.3803710938,
-0.3908691406,
-0.3090820312,
0.537109375,
-0.55859375,
-0.2846679688,
-0.0174407959,
0.4025878906,
-0.9614257812,
-0.1706542969,
0.0107650757,
1.3017578125,
-0.5004882812,
0.1904296875,
-0.1026000977,
-0.8178710938,
-0.2136230469,
0.3215332031,
-0.33984375,
-0.0548706055,
0.4436035156,
-0.2707519531,
-0.5302734375,
-0.1110839844,
0.6870117188,
1.0205078125,
-0.7338867188,
0.4829101562,
-0.1832275391,
-1.0771484375,
-0.0850219727,
-14.765625,
-1.3046875,
0.032409668,
0.1267089844,
-1.119140625,
0.7431640625,
0.16796875,
-0.0555114746,
0.5620117188,
-0.5581054688,
-0.2985839844,
0.916015625,
0.2342529297,
-0.3054199219,
0.40625,
-0.1156616211,
-0.3513183594,
0.0765991211,
-0.923828125,
1.046875,
0.2049560547,
0.0830688477,
-0.8198242188,
0.505859375,
-0.1495361328,
0.0967407227,
1.6083984375,
-0.2073974609,
-0.3403320312,
0.6293945312,
-0.5712890625,
0.2624511719,
-0.2208251953,
0.6059570312,
-0.1510009766,
-0.3020019531,
0.4025878906,
-0.2834472656,
0.4462890625,
0.0275421143,
-0.1295166016,
-0.2307128906,
-0.7280273438,
0.3227539062,
0.7133789062,
0.8627929688,
0.0557556152,
-0.7290039062,
-0.2783203125,
-1.01953125,
0.8916015625,
1.4013671875,
0.2958984375,
-0.5561523438,
-1.0107421875,
-1.197265625,
-0.787109375,
0.595703125,
0.5517578125,
0.578125,
-0.2420654297,
0.5190429688,
0.935546875,
0.3344726562,
0.4997558594,
-0.6196289062,
-1.1640625,
-0.427734375,
0.7573242188,
-0.1654052734,
-0.5107421875,
-1.4775390625,
1.6943359375,
0.1781005859,
-0.4963378906,
0.7133789062,
0.0292205811,
-0.68359375,
-0.3190917969,
0.2897949219,
0.0457458496,
-0.0009031296
] |
The period between the first publication of his pure-transverse-wave hypothesis, and the submission of his first correct solution to the biaxial problem, was less than a year. Later, he coined the terms linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization, explained how optical rotation could be understood as a difference in propagation speeds for the two directions of circular polarization, and (by allowing the reflection coefficient to be complex) accounted for the change in polarization due to total internal reflection, as exploited in the Fresnel rhomb. Defenders of the established corpuscular theory could not match his quantitative explanations of so many phenomena on so few assumptions. Fresnel had a lifelong battle with tuberculosis, to which he succumbed at the age of 39. Although he did not become a public celebrity in his lifetime, he lived just long enough to receive due recognition from his peers, including (on his deathbed) the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society of London, and his name is ubiquitous in the modern terminology of optics and waves. After the wave theory of light was subsumed by Maxwell's electromagnetic theory in the 1860s, some attention was diverted from the magnitude of Fresnel's contribution. In the period between Fresnel's unification of physical optics and Maxwell's wider unification, a contemporary authority, Humphrey Lloyd, described Fresnel's transverse-wave theory as "the noblest fabric which has ever adorned the domain of physical science, Newton's system of the universe alone excepted." | [
-0.25390625,
-0.75,
-0.5830078125,
-0.1917724609,
-0.1994628906,
0.0681152344,
0.4123535156,
0.427734375,
0.5952148438,
0.0647583008,
-0.2573242188,
-0.4458007812,
-0.3793945312,
-0.8525390625,
-0.0426635742,
-0.3051757812,
-0.0440979004,
-0.5883789062,
-0.3051757812,
0.4074707031,
0.0676269531,
-0.2303466797,
-0.5395507812,
0.2033691406,
-1.5751953125,
0.669921875,
0.6118164062,
-0.2844238281,
-0.6459960938,
-0.6303710938,
0.0150527954,
0.1518554688,
0.2337646484,
0.138671875,
0.0257720947,
0.8193359375,
-1.099609375,
0.3542480469,
-0.3850097656,
0.091003418,
0.0884399414,
-1.2373046875,
0.2305908203,
-0.1976318359,
0.3286132812,
0.3610839844,
-0.0511474609,
-0.2061767578,
-0.4077148438,
-0.6904296875,
-0.2084960938,
-0.4799804688,
0.0475463867,
0.4753417969,
-0.197265625,
-0.5239257812,
0.2058105469,
-0.2419433594,
0.7685546875,
0.2724609375,
-0.5708007812,
0.3896484375,
-0.4030761719,
-0.6889648438,
1.3896484375,
-0.4177246094,
-0.203125,
-0.5478515625,
-0.466796875,
0.7895507812,
-1.31640625,
0.6049804688,
-0.3559570312,
-0.8549804688,
-0.4116210938,
-0.0190734863,
-1.7939453125,
0.380859375,
0.3364257812,
0.8422851562,
-0.1754150391,
-0.4272460938,
-0.5268554688,
-1.3974609375,
-1.0732421875,
0.6323242188,
0.1744384766,
-0.0105209351,
-1.166015625,
1.611328125,
0.0374755859,
-0.82421875,
-0.419921875,
0.3649902344,
0.1342773438,
-0.3498535156,
-0.0775756836,
-1.85546875,
-0.609375,
0.2131347656,
0.26953125,
-0.6362304688,
0.6826171875,
0.4836425781,
0.2729492188,
1.0947265625,
-0.6840820312,
-0.1015625,
0.1195068359,
0.2680664062,
-0.2902832031,
0.2819824219,
0.4829101562,
-0.1690673828,
-0.7133789062,
0.1754150391,
-0.1907958984,
0.2448730469,
-0.3764648438,
-0.4865722656,
0.0900268555,
0.0153427124,
0.2595214844,
-0.5673828125,
0.0615234375,
0.3017578125,
-0.1309814453,
-0.8754882812,
-0.16015625,
0.1174926758,
-0.1927490234,
-0.12890625,
-0.0627441406,
-0.5590820312,
-0.2193603516,
-0.5102539062,
-0.767578125,
0.1413574219,
-0.0582885742,
-0.1639404297,
-0.1912841797,
1.1611328125,
0.5717773438,
-0.2213134766,
-0.2856445312,
0.0327453613,
0.0820922852,
0.2475585938,
-0.3461914062,
0.0104751587,
-1.5419921875,
-0.2783203125,
0.6352539062,
0.4802246094,
-0.0121765137,
0.5268554688,
-0.0905761719,
-0.2663574219,
-0.705078125,
-1.0908203125,
-1.2578125,
-0.2514648438,
-0.5073242188,
-0.46484375,
0.0414733887,
0.4663085938,
-0.4548339844,
-0.5288085938,
-0.4711914062,
0.5986328125,
0.0909423828,
0.84765625,
-0.0664672852,
0.1573486328,
-0.0172576904,
-1.3056640625,
0.8247070312,
0.1051025391,
0.2548828125,
0.5986328125,
0.4406738281,
-0.8579101562,
-0.2492675781,
-0.318359375,
0.2905273438,
-0.080078125,
0.2497558594,
-0.1385498047,
-0.2036132812,
-0.4892578125,
-1.0693359375,
0.8491210938,
0.1419677734,
-0.130859375,
-0.3713378906,
0.1712646484,
-1.466796875,
-0.1904296875,
0.6821289062,
0.2351074219,
-0.1130371094,
0.7734375,
1.1533203125,
0.3823242188,
0.80078125,
-0.1912841797,
0.3503417969,
-0.2880859375,
0.9614257812,
-0.0871582031,
0.1275634766,
0.3688964844,
0.0298156738,
0.6333007812,
-0.0721435547,
-0.314453125,
0.8642578125,
0.1927490234,
0.7548828125,
-1.2314453125,
-0.0217895508,
0.0783081055,
-1.41796875,
0.283203125,
-1.6015625,
-0.3488769531,
-0.2536621094,
0.9111328125,
0.5317382812,
0.4294433594,
0.361328125,
0.1087646484,
-0.5771484375,
0.4020996094,
0.30078125,
0.1325683594,
0.1676025391,
-0.869140625,
0.2347412109,
-1.115234375,
-0.3427734375,
0.026473999,
0.0821533203,
-0.6645507812,
-0.1209106445,
-0.4348144531,
0.28125,
0.1162109375,
0.3447265625,
0.8032226562,
0.6494140625,
0.4270019531,
0.3725585938,
0.4624023438,
-0.0065460205,
0.5942382812,
-0.2963867188,
-0.1290283203,
-0.0908203125,
0.5185546875,
-0.3916015625,
0.5053710938,
0.9770507812,
-0.2219238281,
0.0492553711,
-0.5375976562,
0.2438964844,
-0.0039901733,
-0.0091247559,
0.5678710938,
0.3383789062,
-0.2340087891,
-0.70703125,
-0.1705322266,
0.1202392578,
0.2707519531,
-0.4028320312,
-0.857421875,
0.3439941406,
-0.3127441406,
0.0732421875,
-0.3308105469,
-0.9619140625,
-0.8637695312,
1.005859375,
0.5810546875,
0.3842773438,
0.2329101562,
-0.5961914062,
0.8188476562,
0.4201660156,
0.1119995117,
-0.6098632812,
0.1555175781,
0.2265625,
-0.6157226562,
0.1127929688,
0.720703125,
-0.6635742188,
-0.6713867188,
1.0751953125,
1.248046875,
-0.3974609375,
0.2951660156,
-0.1586914062,
0.4748535156,
-0.666015625,
-0.1380615234,
-0.7626953125,
-0.1337890625,
0.32421875,
0.2039794922,
-0.1285400391,
-1.173828125,
-0.69921875,
-0.0796508789,
-0.4067382812,
-0.6923828125,
0.2634277344,
-0.4504394531,
-0.25390625,
-0.0192718506,
-0.5380859375,
0.0302581787,
0.4086914062,
0.6318359375,
-0.3752441406,
-0.8735351562,
-0.0955810547,
-0.016204834,
0.892578125,
-0.3598632812,
0.0973510742,
0.6904296875,
-0.8452148438,
0.875,
-0.0065536499,
0.4267578125,
0.0528869629,
-0.1508789062,
0.2749023438,
-0.0245056152,
-0.7817382812,
0.3625488281,
-0.1134643555,
0.4948730469,
-1.068359375,
0.6352539062,
0.3215332031,
-0.2364501953,
-0.3210449219,
0.3967285156,
-0.541015625,
-0.6596679688,
0.2998046875,
0.7163085938,
-0.2443847656,
0.0648193359,
-0.1496582031,
0.2583007812,
0.462890625,
-0.3193359375,
-0.1993408203,
-0.3269042969,
-0.5947265625,
-0.7749023438,
0.4165039062,
0.61328125,
0.2587890625,
0.6264648438,
-0.6997070312,
0.2917480469,
-0.6450195312,
-0.74609375,
-0.5122070312,
-0.9873046875,
-0.9521484375,
0.1898193359,
-0.3762207031,
-0.3835449219,
-0.6181640625,
-1.048828125,
-0.7763671875,
-0.6591796875,
0.8134765625,
0.1319580078,
-0.1682128906,
0.3244628906,
-0.376953125,
0.0294342041,
0.8090820312,
0.9599609375,
-0.8237304688,
0.1629638672,
-0.6147460938,
0.0744018555,
0.2388916016,
-1.2021484375,
-1.0693359375,
0.4250488281,
0.7353515625,
-1.37890625,
0.1881103516,
1.158203125,
-0.4521484375,
0.4609375,
1.7744140625,
-0.2678222656,
0.0701904297,
-0.0062789917,
-0.1988525391,
-0.3601074219,
0.3479003906,
0.1575927734,
-0.7255859375,
-0.0711669922,
0.4223632812,
0.6694335938,
0.0872802734,
0.1118164062,
-0.4348144531,
0.3466796875,
-0.4089355469,
-0.0064277649,
1.1650390625,
0.5634765625,
-0.6025390625,
-0.3530273438,
0.3303222656,
-1.080078125,
-0.0191040039,
-0.224609375,
-0.0037174225,
0.4416503906,
0.0174560547,
-0.7783203125,
0.357421875,
-0.001001358,
-0.0764160156,
0.0651855469,
-0.2937011719,
0.759765625,
-0.2553710938,
0.5615234375,
0.7275390625,
-0.1295166016,
-0.2770996094,
-0.31640625,
0.669921875,
-0.8671875,
-1.3291015625,
0.7080078125,
0.6772460938,
0.2292480469,
0.7114257812,
-0.065246582,
-0.0985107422,
-0.4577636719,
0.4685058594,
-0.125,
0.2244873047,
-0.2237548828,
-0.3920898438,
-0.2722167969,
0.640625,
-2.0859375,
-0.2690429688,
0.8051757812,
-1.5400390625,
-0.1843261719,
0.3884277344,
0.0699462891,
-1.2548828125,
-0.2612304688,
-1.1826171875,
-0.15625,
0.0007052422,
0.2153320312,
0.404296875,
0.2709960938,
1.6083984375,
0.1156616211,
0.2868652344,
-0.1520996094,
0.150390625,
-0.8271484375,
-0.580078125,
-0.0143051147,
0.3012695312,
-0.2272949219,
-0.3784179688,
0.1791992188,
0.1056518555,
-0.0060997009,
0.2290039062,
-0.3090820312,
-0.9301757812,
-0.107421875,
-1.791015625,
0.034942627,
-0.2366943359,
0.2678222656,
-0.2514648438,
-0.56640625,
0.3271484375,
0.9404296875,
-0.1793212891,
0.2529296875,
1.03515625,
0.5439453125,
-0.8310546875,
-0.4475097656,
0.5068359375,
-0.3850097656,
-0.1611328125,
-0.3325195312,
0.4375,
0.7392578125,
-0.3864746094,
0.8471679688,
0.666015625,
-0.0634155273,
0.4814453125,
-0.2065429688,
-0.8154296875,
0.2476806641,
0.3010253906,
0.1004638672,
-0.2614746094,
-0.1967773438,
1.0498046875,
-0.330078125,
-0.013458252,
0.2055664062,
-0.7221679688,
0.2095947266,
0.5893554688,
0.6059570312,
1.20703125,
0.8291015625,
-0.19921875,
0.8203125,
0.0650634766,
0.1623535156,
0.705078125,
1.5791015625,
0.9301757812,
0.0424804688,
-0.7412109375,
0.8857421875,
-0.8544921875,
-0.328125,
0.4963378906,
0.2822265625,
-0.3039550781,
-0.7944335938,
-0.1861572266,
-0.587890625,
1.1630859375,
-0.1702880859,
-0.7924804688,
-0.474609375,
0.2154541016,
0.0020160675,
-0.2137451172,
0.2188720703,
0.2005615234,
0.0437011719,
-0.650390625,
-0.4619140625,
-0.4382324219,
-0.1585693359,
0.0375671387,
0.2534179688,
-0.5415039062,
-0.7080078125,
-0.6206054688,
-0.7670898438,
1.107421875,
-0.4353027344,
0.1499023438,
-0.380859375,
-0.2227783203,
-0.0137634277,
-0.9135742188,
-0.5541992188,
0.8359375,
-0.6782226562,
-0.3920898438,
-0.66796875,
-0.6064453125,
-0.4580078125,
0.6298828125,
0.4067382812,
0.7680664062,
-0.431640625,
-0.875,
0.1898193359,
1.134765625,
0.1186523438,
-0.0773925781,
0.2185058594,
-0.2587890625,
0.2183837891,
0.1390380859,
-0.58984375,
0.1990966797,
0.0646972656,
0.5327148438,
-0.1297607422,
-0.8530273438,
-0.2856445312,
1.259765625,
-0.2731933594,
0.1087646484,
0.4953613281,
-0.744140625,
-0.5610351562,
0.0459289551,
-1.8125,
0.0156860352,
-0.4738769531,
0.2022705078,
0.1556396484,
1.6201171875,
0.0798339844,
-0.0422058105,
0.2578125,
-1.091796875,
0.0878295898,
0.5546875,
-0.890625,
-0.3491210938,
-0.2131347656,
0.075378418,
-0.5786132812,
-0.2471923828,
1.640625,
0.5932617188,
0.5439453125,
0.1315917969,
-0.255859375,
-0.3273925781,
0.1312255859,
0.6904296875,
0.1927490234,
0.6484375,
0.4426269531,
-1.3994140625,
0.4636230469,
-0.3410644531,
0.515625,
0.4587402344,
-0.9575195312,
-0.2065429688,
0.3596191406,
-0.4265136719,
-0.775390625,
0.7749023438,
-0.3803710938,
1.052734375,
-0.2780761719,
0.0659179688,
-0.890625,
-0.2890625,
0.5678710938,
1.630859375,
-0.662109375,
-0.0247802734,
-0.9384765625,
0.9448242188,
-0.5834960938,
-0.8310546875,
1.0927734375,
-0.0033321381,
0.4787597656,
-0.9497070312,
-0.078125,
-0.7001953125,
1.291015625,
0.0357666016,
-0.0353088379,
-0.2717285156,
-0.0211486816,
-0.1211547852,
-0.0892333984,
-1.0576171875,
0.4663085938,
-0.2524414062,
0.4348144531,
0.5888671875,
0.0499267578,
-0.87109375,
-0.5854492188,
-1.3798828125,
-1.41015625,
0.3376464844,
0.3681640625,
-0.0303344727,
-0.0208892822,
1.0087890625,
-0.1791992188,
-0.81640625,
0.490234375,
-0.9096679688,
-0.3837890625,
-0.1540527344,
0.0909423828,
-0.2631835938,
-0.8115234375,
-0.5112304688,
-0.5561523438,
0.267578125,
-0.2121582031,
0.9873046875,
-0.4440917969,
-0.7680664062,
0.9526367188,
0.70703125,
-0.1333007812,
0.2854003906,
0.4523925781,
0.0363464355,
-0.1065673828,
-0.359375,
0.966796875,
0.5541992188,
-0.4934082031,
0.21484375,
-0.7944335938,
-0.572265625,
-0.1534423828,
0.5014648438,
-0.5034179688,
0.1862792969,
-0.6376953125,
0.310546875,
-0.4877929688,
0.2224121094,
0.7592773438,
-0.3647460938,
-0.5346679688,
0.0327148438,
-0.2355957031,
-0.0048789978,
-0.1921386719,
1.1640625,
0.9912109375,
-0.6616210938,
-0.3273925781,
-0.1463623047,
0.4689941406,
0.5815429688,
-0.3835449219,
0.0137481689,
-0.3757324219,
-0.4423828125,
-1.1904296875,
1.2919921875,
0.0827636719,
-0.4321289062,
0.1083374023,
-0.1676025391,
-0.3498535156,
0.2983398438,
0.4272460938,
-0.189453125,
0.3220214844,
0.0127182007,
1.0791015625,
0.5893554688,
1.2802734375,
0.6528320312,
-0.583984375,
-0.0192260742,
-0.2814941406,
0.2352294922,
-0.5913085938,
0.5634765625,
0.3596191406,
-1.2099609375,
-0.1039428711,
-0.0858764648,
0.3825683594,
-0.2355957031,
0.2529296875,
-0.3041992188,
0.5859375,
-0.529296875,
-0.2788085938,
0.4445800781,
0.4172363281,
0.60546875,
0.85546875,
0.2607421875,
0.6713867188,
-0.075378418,
-0.748046875,
0.7446289062,
0.2280273438,
0.2032470703,
-0.4367675781,
-0.3830566406,
0.3933105469,
-1.4111328125,
-0.1263427734,
0.3422851562,
0.1522216797,
0.7680664062,
0.56640625,
0.490234375,
0.9794921875,
0.4211425781,
0.8740234375,
1.1875,
-0.0891113281,
-0.1380615234,
-0.3464355469,
0.0801391602,
0.5693359375,
-0.1862792969,
0.505859375,
-0.1014404297,
0.1932373047,
0.6040039062,
1.0400390625,
0.5483398438,
0.0187835693,
-1.166015625,
-0.3986816406,
0.5405273438,
0.5639648438,
-0.3413085938,
-0.0715942383,
-0.0064239502,
0.8305664062,
-0.1531982422,
0.8994140625,
0.5493164062,
-0.5595703125,
0.578125,
-0.7641601562,
0.3903808594,
0.4890136719,
-0.5859375,
0.2392578125,
0.67578125,
-0.0189666748,
-0.6333007812,
0.0998535156,
0.0661621094,
-0.3874511719,
-0.2690429688,
-0.748046875,
-0.1955566406,
-1.056640625,
0.123840332,
0.0371398926,
-0.2124023438,
0.0718994141,
-0.1057128906,
0.7670898438,
-0.0371704102,
-0.2135009766,
-0.3801269531,
-0.3977050781,
0.4614257812,
-0.7973632812,
0.701171875,
0.0386657715,
0.6044921875,
0.2741699219,
0.2590332031,
-0.2312011719,
-0.8408203125,
-0.150390625,
-0.5366210938,
-0.1845703125,
-0.708984375,
0.1595458984,
0.3818359375,
0.4916992188,
0.2790527344,
1.0439453125,
0.2313232422,
0.6953125,
0.2016601562,
0.0364990234,
-0.6733398438,
-0.5439453125,
0.3293457031,
0.4401855469,
1.0107421875,
0.065246582,
-0.1625976562,
0.1285400391,
0.1168823242,
0.095703125,
0.4008789062,
-0.0400085449,
-0.1469726562,
0.34375,
0.0434570312,
-0.3049316406,
0.004070282,
-0.0563964844,
0.2312011719,
-0.7612304688,
0.396484375,
0.1599121094,
-0.3425292969,
-0.1412353516,
-0.2534179688,
0.1420898438,
0.6650390625,
-0.0085449219,
0.0021076202,
0.025894165,
0.568359375,
-0.2788085938,
0.3354492188,
0.3005371094,
0.7705078125,
-0.806640625,
-0.29296875,
0.2485351562,
-0.439453125,
-0.4255371094,
0.3371582031,
-0.5190429688,
-0.4895019531,
1.123046875,
0.1693115234,
-0.0948486328,
-0.4155273438,
1.1923828125,
0.6884765625,
-0.4599609375,
0.3247070312,
-0.318359375,
-0.259765625,
-0.3232421875,
-14.671875,
-1.9814453125,
0.6870117188,
-0.1065673828,
-0.5625,
0.2939453125,
-0.0101623535,
-0.3615722656,
0.1276855469,
-0.6206054688,
0.1923828125,
0.783203125,
0.1491699219,
-0.3818359375,
1.0029296875,
0.0336608887,
-0.7983398438,
-0.7080078125,
-0.455078125,
1.0615234375,
0.3801269531,
0.1719970703,
-0.4973144531,
0.4868164062,
-0.51953125,
0.0909423828,
1.2333984375,
-0.638671875,
-0.4868164062,
1.1767578125,
-0.3740234375,
0.2033691406,
-0.4133300781,
0.4738769531,
-0.4306640625,
-0.4206542969,
0.3581542969,
-0.1300048828,
0.2885742188,
0.0999755859,
-0.2668457031,
-0.1755371094,
-0.3813476562,
-0.1668701172,
0.5224609375,
0.5791015625,
0.0129852295,
-0.6069335938,
-0.0819091797,
-0.4885253906,
0.071105957,
1.2744140625,
0.1170043945,
0.0486450195,
-1.322265625,
-0.8994140625,
-0.8828125,
0.9365234375,
0.0128936768,
0.1887207031,
-0.8657226562,
0.578125,
0.6826171875,
0.1708984375,
-0.5712890625,
-0.6728515625,
-0.708984375,
-1.0048828125,
0.0341796875,
0.0000405312,
0.37109375,
-0.0190887451,
1.783203125,
-0.4736328125,
-0.0883789062,
-0.2313232422,
-0.1993408203,
-0.609375,
0.1997070312,
0.1249389648,
-0.275390625,
-0.2856445312
] |
Early life
Family
Augustin-Jean Fresnel (also called Augustin Jean or simply Augustin), born in Broglie, Normandy, on 10 May 1788, was the second of four sons of the architect Jacques Fresnel (1755–1805) and his wife Augustine, née Mérimée (1755–1833). In 1790, following the Revolution, Broglie became part of the département of Eure. The family moved twice – in 1789/90 to Cherbourg, and in 1794 to Jacques's home town of Mathieu, where Madame Fresnel would spend 25 years as a widow, outliving two of her sons. The first son, Louis (1786–1809), was admitted to the École Polytechnique, became a lieutenant in the artillery, and was killed in action at Jaca, Spain, the day before his 23rd birthday. The third, Léonor (1790–1869), followed Augustin into civil engineering, succeeded him as secretary of the Lighthouse Commission, and helped to edit his collected works. The fourth, Fulgence Fresnel (1795–1855), became a noted linguist, diplomat, and orientalist, and occasionally assisted Augustin with negotiations. Fulgence died in Bagdad in 1855 having led a mission to explore Babylon. Léonor apparently was the only one of the four who married. Their mother's younger brother, Jean François "Léonor" Mérimée (1757–1836), father of the writer Prosper Mérimée (1803–1870), was a paint artist who turned his attention to the chemistry of painting. | [
-1.259765625,
-0.0291595459,
0.0378723145,
-1.5908203125,
0.935546875,
0.2060546875,
-0.0634155273,
0.2788085938,
0.0802001953,
0.7958984375,
0.8393554688,
-0.5747070312,
-0.6069335938,
-0.0986328125,
0.0186004639,
0.556640625,
0.2221679688,
-0.7387695312,
-0.32421875,
-0.6313476562,
-0.1534423828,
-1.162109375,
-0.3498535156,
0.3884277344,
-1.4833984375,
0.931640625,
1.1884765625,
-0.1013793945,
-1.232421875,
-0.60546875,
0.0044212341,
-0.2783203125,
0.6279296875,
-0.5952148438,
0.1507568359,
0.7534179688,
-0.3208007812,
-0.1634521484,
0.2648925781,
0.0646362305,
-0.7197265625,
-0.998046875,
0.1948242188,
-0.3000488281,
0.1239624023,
0.1678466797,
-0.5161132812,
-0.1484375,
-0.2321777344,
0.0626831055,
0.1584472656,
0.3005371094,
-0.8813476562,
0.7578125,
1.4736328125,
-0.2032470703,
-0.026763916,
0.60546875,
-0.0681152344,
0.1817626953,
0.4045410156,
0.6899414062,
-0.6469726562,
-0.712890625,
1.361328125,
-2.373046875,
-0.0737304688,
-1.541015625,
0.3056640625,
-0.3647460938,
-0.7202148438,
-0.2824707031,
-0.7436523438,
0.0231781006,
-1.24609375,
-0.9858398438,
-0.904296875,
1.455078125,
0.3166503906,
0.2641601562,
-0.0865478516,
-1.3916015625,
-1.2548828125,
-0.3054199219,
-1.0791015625,
-0.2897949219,
-0.8588867188,
-0.3933105469,
-0.7924804688,
0.3530273438,
-0.5688476562,
-1.4189453125,
-0.3393554688,
-0.2841796875,
-0.1407470703,
0.4301757812,
-0.0600280762,
-2.13671875,
-1.033203125,
0.4990234375,
0.6372070312,
-1.08984375,
0.2817382812,
0.3806152344,
-0.7197265625,
1.4580078125,
-0.3317871094,
-0.7607421875,
-0.3251953125,
-0.7275390625,
-0.3132324219,
0.1763916016,
0.609375,
0.0938110352,
-1.0244140625,
0.5795898438,
-1.2841796875,
-0.3715820312,
-0.6127929688,
1.005859375,
0.0706787109,
0.8969726562,
0.3752441406,
-0.3188476562,
0.6787109375,
0.3967285156,
-0.3989257812,
0.68359375,
-0.0828857422,
0.0448303223,
-0.1711425781,
0.6264648438,
-0.9140625,
0.583984375,
0.4353027344,
-0.7978515625,
-1.265625,
-0.0084152222,
1.0341796875,
-0.0428161621,
0.2310791016,
0.3752441406,
-0.2963867188,
-0.515625,
0.0465393066,
-0.8032226562,
-0.1671142578,
0.3583984375,
-0.50390625,
0.4675292969,
0.2985839844,
0.2183837891,
0.626953125,
0.0823364258,
-1.650390625,
-0.2565917969,
-0.1156616211,
-1.0263671875,
0.5415039062,
-0.75390625,
0.1085205078,
0.4245605469,
-1.0947265625,
0.3227539062,
-0.5654296875,
0.4916992188,
0.4096679688,
-0.6000976562,
-0.07421875,
0.1920166016,
1.14453125,
-0.275390625,
-0.39453125,
1.1826171875,
0.1397705078,
-0.451171875,
0.6655273438,
-0.33203125,
0.3537597656,
0.3586425781,
0.4770507812,
-1.2626953125,
-0.1717529297,
0.1999511719,
-0.2092285156,
-0.5571289062,
-0.3820800781,
-0.2890625,
0.0646972656,
-1.349609375,
0.234375,
0.8559570312,
1.392578125,
-0.2543945312,
0.2692871094,
-0.8466796875,
-0.3249511719,
0.3627929688,
0.1612548828,
0.0942993164,
-0.0703125,
0.6611328125,
-0.0919799805,
0.5942382812,
0.1252441406,
0.5087890625,
-0.6533203125,
1.2265625,
1.5546875,
-0.0930175781,
-1.00390625,
0.0050239563,
0.1455078125,
0.0187225342,
-0.0214233398,
0.1235351562,
0.7495117188,
0.0524597168,
0.6958007812,
-2.03125,
0.1508789062,
-0.5307617188,
-1.21875,
-1.126953125,
-0.8872070312,
-1.1484375,
0.1078491211,
0.5029296875,
0.6279296875,
-0.3139648438,
0.0645141602,
0.5717773438,
-0.7626953125,
1.3134765625,
-0.2020263672,
0.341796875,
-0.951171875,
-0.5649414062,
0.533203125,
-0.4340820312,
-0.1162109375,
-0.3698730469,
-0.5502929688,
-0.5454101562,
0.3974609375,
-0.3234863281,
1.015625,
0.2587890625,
-0.2541503906,
1.158203125,
0.8212890625,
0.4255371094,
0.3618164062,
-0.2836914062,
0.7036132812,
0.1045532227,
0.3618164062,
-1.1396484375,
0.8168945312,
0.0514221191,
0.0682983398,
0.1430664062,
1.1435546875,
-0.6586914062,
-0.1525878906,
-0.5107421875,
-0.1519775391,
0.3876953125,
0.8208007812,
0.0969848633,
0.1939697266,
-0.7241210938,
-0.734375,
0.0616455078,
-0.2208251953,
-0.3291015625,
-0.1232910156,
0.6518554688,
0.0992431641,
-0.66015625,
-0.033203125,
-0.3666992188,
-0.8266601562,
-0.556640625,
-0.3244628906,
0.6557617188,
-0.6123046875,
0.1799316406,
0.6865234375,
-0.1964111328,
0.8251953125,
-0.2042236328,
0.0701293945,
0.2156982422,
-0.4008789062,
-0.0817871094,
-0.4301757812,
0.6235351562,
-0.9575195312,
0.1334228516,
0.0986938477,
0.8491210938,
-0.1697998047,
0.4045410156,
0.0401916504,
0.2133789062,
-0.5502929688,
0.5971679688,
-0.4792480469,
0.3063964844,
0.6567382812,
0.6967773438,
-0.2274169922,
-0.6088867188,
0.3334960938,
0.3889160156,
0.2983398438,
-0.6772460938,
0.0839233398,
-0.6416015625,
0.814453125,
0.533203125,
-0.8032226562,
-0.4118652344,
0.0091781616,
0.7250976562,
0.4458007812,
-1.015625,
0.458984375,
-0.7456054688,
0.638671875,
1.2705078125,
0.8852539062,
0.06640625,
0.5307617188,
0.0444335938,
0.7182617188,
-0.2917480469,
-0.1364746094,
-0.3933105469,
0.0946044922,
-0.66796875,
-1.0859375,
0.4250488281,
-0.0915527344,
1.69921875,
-0.8188476562,
0.2202148438,
1.1630859375,
0.0455932617,
0.2322998047,
0.60546875,
-0.1579589844,
-1.236328125,
-0.0305633545,
0.4262695312,
-1.3212890625,
-0.8002929688,
-0.2602539062,
0.2202148438,
1.0478515625,
0.020980835,
-0.6303710938,
0.2116699219,
0.5673828125,
0.2580566406,
-0.4775390625,
0.9223632812,
0.1922607422,
-0.3198242188,
0.0095291138,
-0.1975097656,
-0.7670898438,
0.3996582031,
1.021484375,
0.6459960938,
-0.369140625,
0.7241210938,
-0.4287109375,
0.1419677734,
-0.069152832,
-0.5517578125,
-0.861328125,
0.2406005859,
-0.3479003906,
-0.1873779297,
0.8149414062,
-0.2768554688,
-1.48046875,
-0.1611328125,
0.094543457,
-0.1245727539,
-0.2312011719,
-0.1030273438,
0.1942138672,
1.1796875,
0.8129882812,
-1.150390625,
-2.056640625,
1.162109375,
-0.0158843994,
-0.650390625,
0.3088378906,
1.3408203125,
0.9721679688,
-0.3408203125,
2.1640625,
-0.7895507812,
0.8569335938,
0.08984375,
-0.0797119141,
-0.7231445312,
-0.1229858398,
-0.57421875,
-0.673828125,
0.0432434082,
0.5595703125,
0.3889160156,
0.2600097656,
0.115234375,
-0.3054199219,
0.58984375,
-0.2445068359,
0.2978515625,
2.1171875,
0.12890625,
-0.2165527344,
0.4094238281,
-0.7587890625,
-0.5639648438,
-0.2973632812,
-0.1866455078,
0.1011352539,
1.1640625,
0.2609863281,
-0.3986816406,
0.306640625,
-0.1131591797,
0.2302246094,
0.5756835938,
0.556640625,
1.0556640625,
-0.568359375,
0.6616210938,
0.6577148438,
-0.4167480469,
-1.40625,
-0.3520507812,
0.4096679688,
-1.4033203125,
-0.7954101562,
-0.0966796875,
0.8139648438,
0.7763671875,
0.34375,
-1.541015625,
-0.0116424561,
-1.056640625,
1.0546875,
-0.2521972656,
0.560546875,
0.0713500977,
-1.3857421875,
-0.0321655273,
-0.2263183594,
-1.0126953125,
-0.5981445312,
0.2683105469,
0.1469726562,
-0.3295898438,
-0.5615234375,
0.2529296875,
-1.2666015625,
-0.65625,
0.2451171875,
0.1210327148,
-0.1667480469,
0.4460449219,
-0.5893554688,
0.0938110352,
1.4853515625,
-0.40625,
0.6357421875,
-0.2083740234,
-0.1516113281,
0.5102539062,
-0.3742675781,
0.0110168457,
1.552734375,
-0.3564453125,
-0.0403137207,
0.3090820312,
-0.5844726562,
0.4245605469,
-1.140625,
-0.6513671875,
-0.919921875,
-0.058013916,
-0.8530273438,
0.2135009766,
-0.9770507812,
1.03125,
0.0908203125,
-0.4697265625,
0.3142089844,
1.2861328125,
-0.1903076172,
1.2490234375,
0.3762207031,
0.3481445312,
0.728515625,
0.3198242188,
-0.1713867188,
0.52734375,
0.3774414062,
-0.8994140625,
0.6938476562,
0.564453125,
0.8481445312,
-0.1832275391,
-0.4267578125,
0.3977050781,
1.513671875,
-0.7690429688,
-1.6767578125,
0.1965332031,
0.0955810547,
-0.5463867188,
0.1129150391,
0.4069824219,
0.4943847656,
-0.4421386719,
0.6953125,
0.1077880859,
0.556640625,
0.2331542969,
0.5830078125,
1.6650390625,
-0.1951904297,
0.93359375,
1.3125,
0.2257080078,
0.3425292969,
0.5346679688,
0.5512695312,
1.23828125,
-0.3249511719,
0.7153320312,
-0.4816894531,
0.085144043,
0.0896606445,
0.6538085938,
0.2282714844,
1.2626953125,
-0.25390625,
-1.0029296875,
-0.1090698242,
-1.150390625,
0.2829589844,
-0.8266601562,
-0.0024871826,
0.908203125,
0.443359375,
0.8095703125,
-0.2626953125,
-0.0877685547,
0.2668457031,
-0.1572265625,
0.0324707031,
0.6665039062,
0.3530273438,
-0.2631835938,
-0.1789550781,
1.041015625,
-0.8125,
0.439453125,
-0.7265625,
-0.5747070312,
0.2973632812,
0.4528808594,
0.4475097656,
-0.490234375,
-0.912109375,
0.4831542969,
-0.8237304688,
0.0496520996,
1.75,
-1.970703125,
0.4670410156,
-0.5092773438,
-0.6528320312,
0.93359375,
-0.4072265625,
1.1845703125,
0.3549804688,
-0.3444824219,
-0.9487304688,
-0.1770019531,
1.0732421875,
-0.4174804688,
0.5078125,
-0.2176513672,
0.0778198242,
-0.3940429688,
0.7939453125,
-1.40234375,
-0.5234375,
-0.48828125,
0.3352050781,
0.65234375,
0.4318847656,
-0.5791015625,
1.1298828125,
-0.3930664062,
0.9013671875,
0.0753173828,
0.2362060547,
-0.533203125,
-0.1448974609,
-0.3225097656,
0.5229492188,
-0.1197509766,
0.34375,
-0.8842773438,
0.9028320312,
-0.0261383057,
-0.7280273438,
-0.845703125,
-0.5673828125,
-0.6538085938,
0.4938964844,
-0.884765625,
0.2331542969,
-0.1607666016,
0.4853515625,
0.2291259766,
-0.2028808594,
-0.5668945312,
0.1730957031,
1.1357421875,
-0.1540527344,
-0.3271484375,
0.1567382812,
-0.1540527344,
1.546875,
0.2457275391,
-0.2142333984,
0.8657226562,
-1.037109375,
0.6845703125,
0.4365234375,
0.3054199219,
0.322265625,
-1.1572265625,
1.119140625,
-1.134765625,
-0.3410644531,
-0.5864257812,
-0.2409667969,
-0.8032226562,
0.8076171875,
0.560546875,
-0.9057617188,
-1.3212890625,
0.7734375,
0.7475585938,
-0.5712890625,
-0.310546875,
0.0926513672,
0.0357055664,
0.693359375,
-0.9399414062,
0.4323730469,
0.5668945312,
-0.2922363281,
1.08984375,
-1.1337890625,
-0.6069335938,
-0.2741699219,
0.0790405273,
-0.2941894531,
-1.0712890625,
-0.17578125,
0.2741699219,
0.0414428711,
-0.8618164062,
-1.1220703125,
0.3325195312,
-1.296875,
1.2861328125,
-0.8178710938,
-0.4580078125,
-0.2946777344,
-0.6401367188,
-1.4970703125,
-0.3278808594,
0.0051307678,
-0.6958007812,
-0.2687988281,
0.3413085938,
-0.6640625,
-0.2459716797,
-0.8618164062,
1.0380859375,
-1.19921875,
-0.8735351562,
-0.306640625,
0.0349121094,
0.5810546875,
-0.3601074219,
-0.4191894531,
0.3010253906,
-0.0226593018,
0.2583007812,
0.8188476562,
-0.6469726562,
-0.9028320312,
0.705078125,
0.3483886719,
-0.0894775391,
0.4860839844,
0.0766601562,
-0.423828125,
0.8090820312,
0.1871337891,
1.3837890625,
0.2274169922,
0.0429382324,
-0.1981201172,
0.2824707031,
0.0751342773,
-0.6826171875,
0.0053863525,
-0.7846679688,
0.0163879395,
-0.5415039062,
-0.067565918,
-0.4162597656,
0.8515625,
0.7426757812,
-0.623046875,
-0.8168945312,
0.2780761719,
-0.8134765625,
0.1909179688,
0.0707397461,
1.6220703125,
1.3330078125,
-0.8510742188,
-1.4609375,
0.0688476562,
-0.6176757812,
0.087097168,
1.505859375,
-0.2785644531,
0.2731933594,
-0.3647460938,
0.0769042969,
1.1201171875,
0.3046875,
-0.0321044922,
0.2922363281,
-0.3464355469,
0.4187011719,
-0.6787109375,
0.4096679688,
-0.4682617188,
1.0859375,
0.1456298828,
1.515625,
0.291015625,
-0.0950927734,
-0.1920166016,
0.509765625,
0.0260620117,
0.0285797119,
-1.0673828125,
0.0894775391,
0.5043945312,
-0.1849365234,
-0.4147949219,
0.0019283295,
-0.4223632812,
-0.552734375,
-1.05859375,
0.3393554688,
-1.1494140625,
0.2575683594,
-0.7275390625,
-0.7944335938,
0.0232391357,
-0.0565185547,
0.1939697266,
0.3088378906,
1.080078125,
-0.4560546875,
-0.1873779297,
-0.5576171875,
0.4895019531,
0.1848144531,
0.0383911133,
-0.72265625,
-0.0006856918,
1.0126953125,
-0.4384765625,
0.1343994141,
-0.021697998,
-0.3596191406,
1.0830078125,
0.2386474609,
0.7436523438,
0.0440368652,
0.0916748047,
0.5537109375,
0.0989379883,
-0.4428710938,
0.0346984863,
0.3376464844,
0.0499267578,
0.0370483398,
0.2973632812,
-0.59765625,
0.3801269531,
-0.8745117188,
-0.2174072266,
0.6831054688,
1.0322265625,
-0.0585632324,
-1.2431640625,
-0.0784301758,
-0.1965332031,
0.0326843262,
0.1534423828,
-0.1539306641,
0.7456054688,
1.8408203125,
-0.5498046875,
0.7861328125,
-1.181640625,
-0.3254394531,
0.1650390625,
-0.0822753906,
-0.1182250977,
-0.8129882812,
-0.2325439453,
-0.0712890625,
0.8676757812,
0.0263519287,
-0.6767578125,
-0.5502929688,
0.0056381226,
0.027557373,
-0.8037109375,
0.2041015625,
-0.1730957031,
-0.4462890625,
0.3564453125,
-1.44921875,
-0.3803710938,
-1.21875,
-0.0194091797,
-0.0863647461,
-0.6962890625,
-0.6611328125,
-0.2478027344,
-0.4443359375,
-1.568359375,
-0.0435791016,
0.2849121094,
-0.0827026367,
0.111328125,
-0.5043945312,
-0.7368164062,
0.4848632812,
-0.0328063965,
-0.3662109375,
-0.2644042969,
-0.0915527344,
-1.2724609375,
0.3850097656,
-1.0419921875,
-0.3215332031,
-0.6088867188,
0.3286132812,
-0.0224761963,
1.140625,
0.2315673828,
0.6240234375,
-0.7250976562,
-0.5654296875,
0.7216796875,
-0.0154724121,
0.4328613281,
0.552734375,
-1.2197265625,
0.3305664062,
-0.6201171875,
-0.1433105469,
0.3366699219,
-0.2719726562,
-0.2609863281,
-0.4113769531,
-0.2634277344,
-0.3256835938,
-0.2739257812,
-0.2449951172,
1.2314453125,
-0.8823242188,
-0.4858398438,
-0.1632080078,
0.828125,
-0.4423828125,
-0.1325683594,
0.0817260742,
0.48828125,
-0.2010498047,
-0.2232666016,
-0.1655273438,
-0.0795288086,
-1.3271484375,
-0.392578125,
0.0733642578,
0.2308349609,
0.4282226562,
0.2770996094,
-0.2775878906,
-1.1123046875,
0.1724853516,
0.6923828125,
-0.3012695312,
0.8715820312,
0.9731445312,
-0.3059082031,
-0.0887451172,
0.0934448242,
1.048828125,
1.015625,
-0.0947265625,
0.5649414062,
0.51953125,
-0.857421875,
-0.1496582031,
-11.4375,
-0.9370117188,
0.2060546875,
0.2961425781,
-1.7119140625,
0.2305908203,
0.8090820312,
-1.2705078125,
-0.1857910156,
-0.4499511719,
-0.4763183594,
0.5263671875,
0.0925292969,
-0.5771484375,
0.3920898438,
-0.5146484375,
0.1295166016,
-1.119140625,
-0.7846679688,
0.2893066406,
0.4338378906,
1.0478515625,
-1.5322265625,
-0.098815918,
0.5415039062,
0.3491210938,
1.7158203125,
0.2313232422,
0.4501953125,
-0.8959960938,
-0.51953125,
0.5981445312,
0.2541503906,
-0.0693969727,
-0.572265625,
0.1491699219,
0.2663574219,
-0.1943359375,
-0.65625,
-0.3168945312,
-0.4826660156,
0.5478515625,
0.2156982422,
-0.0025596619,
0.5673828125,
0.1120605469,
-0.7895507812,
-0.2200927734,
0.3947753906,
-0.8110351562,
0.3359375,
0.7553710938,
0.6767578125,
0.2614746094,
-1.111328125,
-0.1707763672,
-0.4660644531,
-0.1899414062,
0.0254364014,
1.8984375,
-0.5424804688,
0.6538085938,
0.5029296875,
0.4926757812,
0.6372070312,
0.0211181641,
-0.6059570312,
-0.3322753906,
-0.1684570312,
0.1381835938,
-0.5361328125,
-0.4926757812,
1.5400390625,
0.7768554688,
-0.0238342285,
0.1806640625,
-0.1075439453,
-0.5336914062,
-0.7963867188,
0.2770996094,
-0.1361083984,
0.0327148438
] |
He became the Permanent Secretary of the École des Beaux-Arts and (until 1814) a professor at the École Polytechnique, and was the initial point of contact between Augustin and the leading optical physicists of the day . Education
The Fresnel brothers were initially home-schooled by their mother. The sickly Augustin was considered the slow one, not inclined to memorization; but the popular story that he hardly began to read until the age of eight is disputed. At the age of nine or ten he was undistinguished except for his ability to turn tree-branches into toy bows and guns that worked far too well, earning himself the title l'homme de génie (the man of genius) from his accomplices, and a united crackdown from their elders. In 1801, Augustin was sent to the École Centrale at Caen, as company for Louis. But Augustin lifted his performance: in late 1804 he was accepted into the École Polytechnique, being placed 17th in the entrance examination. As the detailed records of the École Polytechnique begin in 1808, we know little of Augustin's time there, except that he made few if any friends and – in spite of continuing poor health – excelled in drawing and geometry: in his first year he took a prize for his solution to a geometry problem posed by Adrien-Marie Legendre. | [
-0.4106445312,
0.2661132812,
0.0140457153,
-1.2412109375,
0.5922851562,
0.5014648438,
0.7006835938,
0.6499023438,
-0.2534179688,
0.5048828125,
0.2054443359,
-0.1527099609,
-0.3732910156,
0.138671875,
-0.1014404297,
0.7963867188,
0.7119140625,
-0.9194335938,
-0.031463623,
0.0162200928,
-0.548828125,
-1.44140625,
-0.90625,
-0.7944335938,
-1.044921875,
0.2416992188,
1.3798828125,
0.6284179688,
-1.5390625,
-0.5141601562,
0.2866210938,
0.4370117188,
0.65625,
-0.9272460938,
-0.3767089844,
1.0283203125,
0.2990722656,
-0.0845947266,
0.1787109375,
0.1881103516,
-1.02734375,
-1.0166015625,
-0.6865234375,
0.1706542969,
0.0846557617,
-0.2790527344,
-0.8564453125,
-0.0040206909,
0.1418457031,
-0.2529296875,
-0.0241851807,
0.8256835938,
-0.8510742188,
-0.1155395508,
0.6059570312,
-1.05859375,
1.0947265625,
0.1411132812,
0.4245605469,
0.5854492188,
-0.0855102539,
0.7094726562,
-0.2161865234,
-0.748046875,
0.1895751953,
-0.9033203125,
-0.6254882812,
-2.05859375,
0.3024902344,
0.2344970703,
-0.9614257812,
0.1423339844,
-0.6215820312,
0.1520996094,
-1.033203125,
-0.7529296875,
-1.119140625,
0.9604492188,
0.2177734375,
0.0897827148,
0.1915283203,
-0.3500976562,
-1.345703125,
-0.4553222656,
-0.4260253906,
-0.2427978516,
0.0874023438,
-0.8505859375,
-0.58984375,
1.0166015625,
-0.6430664062,
-1.0947265625,
-0.4956054688,
-0.2413330078,
0.1804199219,
-0.9995117188,
0.3369140625,
-2.400390625,
-1.099609375,
0.8247070312,
0.7026367188,
-1.419921875,
0.669921875,
0.3781738281,
0.36328125,
1.9375,
-0.3894042969,
-0.9907226562,
0.36328125,
0.513671875,
0.2783203125,
-0.4243164062,
0.2028808594,
1.0478515625,
-0.455078125,
0.3471679688,
-1.5654296875,
-0.5102539062,
-0.4755859375,
0.1585693359,
0.1867675781,
0.82421875,
-0.4340820312,
-0.5146484375,
0.4887695312,
0.3374023438,
-0.8852539062,
0.8979492188,
0.0146026611,
-0.3605957031,
-0.4157714844,
0.1599121094,
-0.3513183594,
-0.31640625,
0.6254882812,
0.0880126953,
-0.5063476562,
-0.4719238281,
0.1195678711,
-0.1804199219,
-0.0350036621,
0.5151367188,
0.2438964844,
-0.2232666016,
-0.0661621094,
-0.2486572266,
-0.880859375,
0.2707519531,
-0.3420410156,
0.4992675781,
-0.73046875,
-0.3955078125,
1.0439453125,
-0.4055175781,
-1.505859375,
-0.830078125,
0.98828125,
-0.9599609375,
0.2255859375,
-0.4885253906,
0.2607421875,
-0.1142578125,
-0.0797729492,
-0.7421875,
-0.0980224609,
-0.7905273438,
0.7915039062,
0.0877075195,
0.2116699219,
0.0623474121,
1.3642578125,
-0.1871337891,
-0.6928710938,
-0.0618591309,
0.3430175781,
-0.6865234375,
0.3259277344,
-0.7797851562,
0.6748046875,
-0.2009277344,
1.0654296875,
-1.3564453125,
0.037109375,
-0.7270507812,
-0.279296875,
-0.3522949219,
0.27734375,
-0.1151123047,
-0.6547851562,
-1.6728515625,
0.4809570312,
0.3642578125,
0.5102539062,
-0.4147949219,
0.1781005859,
-1.0458984375,
-0.7377929688,
-0.0795898438,
-0.21484375,
0.9838867188,
-0.039276123,
0.9287109375,
0.0769042969,
0.5649414062,
0.2531738281,
-0.1422119141,
0.1604003906,
0.0249633789,
0.775390625,
0.4748535156,
-0.2907714844,
-0.9418945312,
0.2211914062,
0.1948242188,
0.1184082031,
-1.4091796875,
0.9545898438,
0.2390136719,
0.36328125,
-1.76171875,
0.1303710938,
-0.7875976562,
-0.8969726562,
0.3774414062,
-2.310546875,
-0.5625,
-0.939453125,
0.067199707,
0.353515625,
0.41015625,
0.1142578125,
0.6401367188,
-0.6499023438,
1.259765625,
0.3762207031,
-0.2087402344,
-0.9428710938,
0.020614624,
-0.0586242676,
-0.0926513672,
-0.5166015625,
-1.3251953125,
0.1938476562,
-1.263671875,
0.1544189453,
-0.51953125,
0.4016113281,
1.0654296875,
-0.3364257812,
0.4128417969,
0.7978515625,
-0.4423828125,
0.1456298828,
-0.0453796387,
0.3935546875,
-0.2221679688,
-0.3803710938,
0.1619873047,
-0.1369628906,
0.1254882812,
0.112121582,
0.4916992188,
1.060546875,
-0.3208007812,
0.0352478027,
-0.2208251953,
0.4018554688,
0.0461425781,
0.587890625,
0.9750976562,
0.0672607422,
-0.6689453125,
-0.5043945312,
0.1264648438,
-0.102355957,
-0.053894043,
-0.5986328125,
0.6352539062,
-0.1673583984,
-0.6635742188,
0.021987915,
-1.2880859375,
-0.7993164062,
0.2078857422,
-0.1089477539,
-0.1076660156,
-0.1447753906,
0.5903320312,
0.1431884766,
0.439453125,
0.0948486328,
0.4270019531,
0.3469238281,
0.2130126953,
-0.7739257812,
-0.0214691162,
-0.2709960938,
0.3366699219,
-0.2141113281,
-0.2459716797,
0.1331787109,
0.9252929688,
-0.8383789062,
-0.4360351562,
0.9501953125,
1.076171875,
-0.1286621094,
-0.1701660156,
-0.1129760742,
0.505859375,
0.7622070312,
-0.4140625,
-0.2296142578,
-0.8515625,
0.2301025391,
0.7280273438,
0.3645019531,
-0.0312805176,
-0.2147216797,
0.1926269531,
0.1418457031,
-0.5249023438,
-0.806640625,
-0.4716796875,
0.2766113281,
0.3718261719,
0.2375488281,
-1.400390625,
0.1848144531,
-0.5112304688,
0.84765625,
0.4934082031,
1.3583984375,
-0.3623046875,
-0.2314453125,
0.0634765625,
1.408203125,
0.3869628906,
0.8291015625,
-0.4008789062,
-0.1090087891,
-0.5517578125,
-0.8002929688,
-0.1907958984,
0.0764160156,
1.0634765625,
-1.533203125,
-0.4011230469,
1.2744140625,
-0.0920410156,
-0.0689086914,
0.4875488281,
0.0704345703,
-1.8779296875,
-0.6538085938,
0.8544921875,
-0.8295898438,
-0.0698242188,
-0.4787597656,
0.2419433594,
0.3012695312,
-0.73828125,
-0.5229492188,
0.4177246094,
0.2973632812,
0.66796875,
-0.2976074219,
0.8095703125,
1.51171875,
-0.8193359375,
0.5942382812,
0.3999023438,
-0.734375,
0.4526367188,
1.22265625,
0.5952148438,
-0.7221679688,
-0.1478271484,
-0.67578125,
0.736328125,
0.3327636719,
-0.509765625,
-0.3527832031,
0.3210449219,
0.0370178223,
0.1019287109,
0.4702148438,
0.15234375,
-1.478515625,
-0.0989990234,
0.6416015625,
0.0689697266,
-0.3388671875,
0.1495361328,
-0.734375,
1.2685546875,
1.6240234375,
-2.138671875,
-0.564453125,
-0.1300048828,
0.2082519531,
0.1304931641,
1.1083984375,
1.0478515625,
0.2770996094,
-0.5239257812,
1.83203125,
-0.4194335938,
0.2768554688,
-0.2415771484,
-0.6079101562,
-0.3122558594,
-0.4621582031,
-0.65234375,
-0.6630859375,
-0.7998046875,
0.4809570312,
-0.0955200195,
0.783203125,
1.0283203125,
-0.2268066406,
-0.9838867188,
-0.7026367188,
-0.0685424805,
1.208984375,
0.1842041016,
-0.3869628906,
0.5600585938,
-1.037109375,
0.2360839844,
-0.537109375,
0.0370178223,
0.419921875,
1.1787109375,
-0.0914916992,
-0.4885253906,
-0.1550292969,
0.0629272461,
1.056640625,
0.8149414062,
0.5278320312,
0.9599609375,
-0.6586914062,
0.7026367188,
0.3374023438,
-0.2420654297,
-0.4392089844,
-1.1630859375,
0.88671875,
-0.9819335938,
-0.3762207031,
-0.2491455078,
0.810546875,
0.1545410156,
0.7958984375,
-1.0263671875,
0.8217773438,
-0.6826171875,
0.1122436523,
0.5913085938,
-0.912109375,
-0.6225585938,
-1.32421875,
-0.4189453125,
-0.5048828125,
-0.90234375,
-0.3618164062,
0.1345214844,
0.833984375,
0.1105957031,
-0.4047851562,
0.82421875,
-1.0546875,
-0.1856689453,
-0.3400878906,
0.0795898438,
0.0642700195,
0.076965332,
-0.0701293945,
0.587890625,
0.6337890625,
0.3393554688,
0.6376953125,
-0.0526123047,
0.4045410156,
-0.2541503906,
-0.42578125,
-0.76171875,
0.7436523438,
-0.671875,
-0.2873535156,
-0.4860839844,
-0.8881835938,
0.6694335938,
-0.603515625,
-0.6166992188,
-0.6557617188,
-0.1032714844,
-0.9057617188,
0.0954589844,
-0.2136230469,
1.208984375,
-0.0848388672,
-0.63671875,
0.2288818359,
0.3681640625,
-0.6875,
0.4755859375,
0.43359375,
0.7426757812,
0.234375,
0.1502685547,
-0.0080795288,
0.3669433594,
-0.4479980469,
-0.4636230469,
0.54296875,
-0.201171875,
0.1744384766,
0.0104446411,
-0.6069335938,
0.1861572266,
0.720703125,
-0.0880737305,
-0.9995117188,
0.1812744141,
0.0436096191,
-0.3271484375,
0.5502929688,
-0.4274902344,
-0.6064453125,
-0.59375,
-0.4499511719,
0.3186035156,
0.0195922852,
-0.2893066406,
1.1142578125,
1.2548828125,
0.3513183594,
1.140625,
1.4775390625,
0.1009521484,
0.7080078125,
-0.3461914062,
0.0188751221,
1.2734375,
0.055847168,
0.4526367188,
-0.3195800781,
1.103515625,
-0.5825195312,
0.650390625,
1.3095703125,
1.2470703125,
0.0952148438,
-0.974609375,
-0.4702148438,
-1.6142578125,
0.1702880859,
-0.0844116211,
-0.5708007812,
1.171875,
0.1441650391,
0.1019287109,
0.5517578125,
-0.1314697266,
0.6088867188,
0.6416015625,
-0.45703125,
0.52734375,
0.3684082031,
-1.416015625,
-0.1569824219,
0.2807617188,
-0.2131347656,
0.6923828125,
-0.390625,
-0.0517883301,
0.0124282837,
0.1799316406,
-0.7749023438,
0.7392578125,
0.1547851562,
-0.4460449219,
-0.1119384766,
0.2281494141,
1.3525390625,
-1.388671875,
0.1938476562,
-0.5278320312,
-0.6948242188,
0.7548828125,
0.3688964844,
0.4680175781,
0.2775878906,
-0.3481445312,
-1.5634765625,
-0.9750976562,
0.5581054688,
-0.3012695312,
-0.3205566406,
-0.703125,
0.116394043,
0.4538574219,
0.9482421875,
-0.7880859375,
-0.3010253906,
0.0509033203,
0.5034179688,
0.1511230469,
0.4477539062,
-0.1632080078,
1.083984375,
-0.4670410156,
0.93359375,
0.4816894531,
0.4506835938,
-0.4985351562,
-0.2739257812,
-0.4750976562,
0.3903808594,
0.599609375,
0.8212890625,
-0.5336914062,
0.8999023438,
0.4921875,
-0.6328125,
-0.7827148438,
-0.1580810547,
-0.9301757812,
0.0031261444,
-1.2548828125,
1.1884765625,
0.3911132812,
0.5385742188,
0.1806640625,
-0.4228515625,
-0.1439208984,
0.1376953125,
1.2392578125,
0.3623046875,
0.0788574219,
0.3715820312,
-0.3115234375,
0.3408203125,
0.8842773438,
-0.1311035156,
0.3796386719,
-0.55078125,
0.68359375,
0.9360351562,
0.7612304688,
0.478515625,
-0.1756591797,
0.7353515625,
-0.6704101562,
-0.4865722656,
-0.9067382812,
0.4663085938,
-0.1866455078,
0.720703125,
1.0263671875,
-1.0341796875,
-0.828125,
0.95703125,
0.3803710938,
0.2512207031,
-0.2741699219,
1.0751953125,
-0.6254882812,
0.7465820312,
-0.4736328125,
0.869140625,
0.069152832,
-0.4497070312,
0.5908203125,
-0.8247070312,
-0.0705566406,
-1.4375,
-0.0182952881,
0.0958862305,
-0.9711914062,
-0.6264648438,
-0.0610656738,
-0.4895019531,
-0.4665527344,
-1.1689453125,
0.638671875,
-1.0634765625,
0.3508300781,
-0.4091796875,
-0.0657348633,
-0.0140609741,
-0.1375732422,
-0.8759765625,
-0.6572265625,
0.21875,
0.8256835938,
0.4091796875,
0.2307128906,
0.2756347656,
0.0024871826,
-0.9907226562,
0.7524414062,
-1.263671875,
-0.126953125,
0.546875,
-1.0185546875,
0.4812011719,
-0.4936523438,
-0.2888183594,
0.3881835938,
-0.6611328125,
-0.2287597656,
0.4443359375,
-0.68359375,
0.2071533203,
0.4184570312,
0.6000976562,
-0.2232666016,
0.1881103516,
0.5375976562,
-0.587890625,
1.0029296875,
0.0148010254,
1.7802734375,
0.6708984375,
-0.4284667969,
0.4475097656,
0.1999511719,
0.3957519531,
-0.5361328125,
-0.2048339844,
-0.8955078125,
-0.2883300781,
-0.2250976562,
0.7250976562,
0.1356201172,
0.5673828125,
0.4174804688,
-0.3579101562,
0.4045410156,
-0.708984375,
-0.560546875,
-0.2839355469,
-0.83984375,
1.326171875,
-0.1566162109,
-0.4113769531,
-1.7880859375,
-0.4926757812,
-0.4997558594,
0.0554199219,
0.7412109375,
-0.1033935547,
-0.181640625,
-0.0032119751,
-0.3798828125,
0.2159423828,
0.3920898438,
0.8955078125,
0.2244873047,
-0.2208251953,
-0.3415527344,
0.078125,
0.2117919922,
-0.6005859375,
0.7407226562,
0.3500976562,
1.134765625,
-0.0719604492,
0.0498962402,
0.2961425781,
-0.3422851562,
-0.3503417969,
0.1752929688,
-0.6274414062,
-0.876953125,
0.6284179688,
-0.2612304688,
-0.8491210938,
0.3303222656,
0.3310546875,
-0.4282226562,
-0.6259765625,
0.0579223633,
-1.123046875,
-0.0833129883,
-0.7231445312,
0.1466064453,
0.3935546875,
0.2485351562,
0.0606689453,
-0.5610351562,
0.328125,
-0.4375,
-0.8857421875,
-0.544921875,
0.3669433594,
0.6142578125,
0.4733886719,
-1.009765625,
-0.3054199219,
0.3684082031,
-0.7236328125,
-0.2298583984,
0.1439208984,
-0.012260437,
0.73046875,
-0.6762695312,
0.5649414062,
-0.1025390625,
0.591796875,
-0.41796875,
0.0836791992,
0.0115890503,
0.3093261719,
0.6025390625,
-0.0758056641,
0.2685546875,
0.1807861328,
-0.9614257812,
1.04296875,
-0.916015625,
0.013130188,
1.0439453125,
0.86328125,
0.1750488281,
-0.7309570312,
-0.1236572266,
0.1346435547,
-0.076171875,
-0.0400695801,
-0.1899414062,
1.3876953125,
1.513671875,
-0.6376953125,
0.5546875,
-0.7392578125,
-0.7026367188,
-0.2907714844,
-0.1067504883,
0.3781738281,
0.0717773438,
0.3283691406,
0.4831542969,
0.642578125,
0.1066894531,
-0.1568603516,
-0.9223632812,
-0.0466308594,
-0.1927490234,
-1.3154296875,
0.3312988281,
-0.1081542969,
0.4289550781,
0.7446289062,
-0.9379882812,
-0.4533691406,
-0.4462890625,
-0.1094360352,
0.3132324219,
-0.8833007812,
-0.3293457031,
-0.2177734375,
-0.7875976562,
-1.2587890625,
-0.2362060547,
0.1512451172,
0.5024414062,
0.4169921875,
-0.30078125,
-0.1513671875,
0.4045410156,
-0.4655761719,
-0.3286132812,
-0.1700439453,
-0.9418945312,
-1.2109375,
-0.2242431641,
-0.853515625,
0.4897460938,
0.0120162964,
-0.875,
-0.1766357422,
0.7373046875,
0.0465393066,
-0.1470947266,
-0.4709472656,
0.62109375,
-0.2000732422,
0.1888427734,
0.2084960938,
0.8305664062,
-0.1850585938,
-0.056427002,
0.251953125,
-0.1174316406,
0.2133789062,
-1.2119140625,
-0.2963867188,
0.8520507812,
-0.79296875,
0.2448730469,
0.5366210938,
-0.3427734375,
0.5815429688,
-0.8686523438,
-0.578125,
-0.0355834961,
0.5786132812,
-0.5239257812,
-0.6645507812,
0.0778198242,
0.7250976562,
0.0122070312,
0.0936889648,
0.3852539062,
-0.1361083984,
-1.6044921875,
0.4541015625,
-0.3552246094,
0.29296875,
-0.4851074219,
0.0576171875,
0.0909423828,
-1.0390625,
0.572265625,
0.3857421875,
0.1102294922,
1.244140625,
0.8735351562,
-0.0403442383,
0.1245117188,
-0.1224975586,
1.05859375,
1.1103515625,
0.611328125,
0.5986328125,
0.2204589844,
0.0869750977,
-0.6411132812,
-12.1796875,
-0.986328125,
0.3310546875,
-0.6904296875,
-1.1005859375,
0.4262695312,
0.4650878906,
-1.1923828125,
0.0457458496,
-0.0064353943,
0.0317993164,
1.0224609375,
0.4821777344,
-0.5659179688,
0.104675293,
-0.263671875,
0.0980834961,
-0.2661132812,
-0.0877685547,
0.6728515625,
0.5888671875,
0.1118164062,
-1.39453125,
0.098815918,
0.3583984375,
0.9125976562,
1.3310546875,
0.0594482422,
-0.0740356445,
-0.3913574219,
-0.435546875,
-0.2073974609,
0.291015625,
-0.73046875,
-0.7348632812,
0.673828125,
0.5893554688,
-0.2260742188,
-0.6201171875,
-0.0514831543,
-0.9497070312,
0.5546875,
-0.5209960938,
0.3774414062,
0.0426635742,
0.14453125,
-0.5590820312,
-0.142578125,
0.1645507812,
-0.6923828125,
0.7827148438,
1.125,
0.1033935547,
0.71875,
-1.0224609375,
0.2288818359,
-0.8017578125,
-0.1383056641,
-0.0044441223,
1.783203125,
-1.0244140625,
0.8071289062,
0.5966796875,
0.1553955078,
0.5405273438,
-0.0800170898,
-0.8071289062,
0.018951416,
-0.0274658203,
0.5068359375,
0.0720214844,
-0.7861328125,
1.2919921875,
1.03515625,
-1.029296875,
-0.47265625,
-0.1213378906,
-0.5620117188,
-0.7465820312,
-0.5844726562,
-0.5517578125,
0.4323730469
] |
Graduating in 1806, he then enrolled at the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (National School of Bridges and Roads, also known as "ENPC" or "École des Ponts"), from which he graduated in 1809, entering the service of the Corps des Ponts et Chaussées as an ingénieur ordinaire aspirant (ordinary engineer in training). Directly or indirectly, he was to remain in the employment of the "Corps des Ponts" for the rest of his life. Religious formation
Augustin Fresnel's parents were Roman Catholics of the Jansenist sect, characterized by an extreme Augustinian view of original sin. Religion took first place in the boys' home-schooling. In 1802, Mme Fresnel reportedly said:
Augustin remained a Jansenist. He indeed regarded his intellectual talents as gifts from God, and considered it his duty to use them for the benefit of others. Plagued by poor health, and determined to do his duty before death thwarted him, he shunned pleasures and worked to the point of exhaustion. According to his fellow engineer Alphonse Duleau, who helped to nurse him through his final illness, Fresnel saw the study of nature as part of the study of the power and goodness of God. He placed virtue above science and genius. Yet in his last days he needed "strength of soul," not against death alone, but against "the interruption of discoveries… of which he hoped to derive useful applications." | [
-1.1298828125,
0.4077148438,
0.4851074219,
-1.201171875,
0.3435058594,
0.0332641602,
0.7021484375,
0.8803710938,
-0.7993164062,
0.515625,
0.3454589844,
0.138671875,
-0.5341796875,
0.0827636719,
0.3132324219,
0.2172851562,
0.6103515625,
-0.5737304688,
0.1944580078,
0.662109375,
0.1964111328,
-0.2373046875,
0.4045410156,
-0.7065429688,
-0.6547851562,
0.1361083984,
1.9990234375,
0.3022460938,
-1.4619140625,
-0.2883300781,
-0.4826660156,
0.0637817383,
0.4321289062,
-0.1287841797,
-0.1246337891,
0.053527832,
-0.2487792969,
-0.8979492188,
-0.056640625,
0.7124023438,
-0.7358398438,
-1.3125,
-0.6826171875,
-0.4716796875,
-0.5317382812,
0.1354980469,
-0.1572265625,
0.3276367188,
-0.2932128906,
-0.3537597656,
-0.5493164062,
0.7290039062,
-0.7504882812,
-0.1301269531,
0.2003173828,
-0.3049316406,
0.748046875,
-0.5971679688,
0.2556152344,
0.2208251953,
-0.0479736328,
0.6752929688,
-0.6909179688,
-0.1896972656,
0.4987792969,
-1.197265625,
-0.88671875,
-0.3469238281,
0.5454101562,
0.6005859375,
-1.1494140625,
0.2846679688,
-1.0107421875,
-0.2946777344,
-1.5107421875,
-0.2758789062,
-0.447265625,
1.205078125,
1.1005859375,
0.0006418228,
-0.6176757812,
-0.4040527344,
-0.970703125,
-0.2023925781,
-0.7060546875,
-1.12890625,
0.3828125,
-0.3669433594,
0.1684570312,
1.3896484375,
0.1099243164,
-1.83984375,
-0.3093261719,
-0.2683105469,
-0.0445556641,
-0.5693359375,
-0.1965332031,
-2.06640625,
-1.2138671875,
0.8515625,
0.9033203125,
-0.755859375,
0.7280273438,
0.3251953125,
-0.755859375,
2.205078125,
-0.8784179688,
-1.203125,
0.0900878906,
0.5219726562,
-0.0231628418,
-0.2875976562,
0.5263671875,
0.4470214844,
-0.771484375,
-0.4826660156,
-1.259765625,
-0.3020019531,
-1.669921875,
-0.0193481445,
-0.2897949219,
0.560546875,
-0.1767578125,
0.3181152344,
0.826171875,
0.46484375,
-0.8154296875,
0.3979492188,
0.025680542,
0.3271484375,
-0.509765625,
0.5126953125,
-0.8505859375,
-0.3454589844,
0.4013671875,
-0.5249023438,
-1.0498046875,
0.2498779297,
0.2265625,
0.2971191406,
-0.7265625,
0.859375,
-0.5209960938,
0.2839355469,
-0.3010253906,
-0.2044677734,
-0.0489807129,
0.923828125,
-1.1728515625,
0.1735839844,
-0.2666015625,
-0.3762207031,
0.8525390625,
0.0688476562,
-1.427734375,
-1.09765625,
0.0078125,
-0.6918945312,
0.2092285156,
-0.1715087891,
0.1783447266,
-0.9975585938,
-0.1802978516,
-0.609375,
-0.3020019531,
0.0229187012,
0.576171875,
-0.4951171875,
-0.2399902344,
0.030456543,
0.3996582031,
0.4096679688,
0.0688476562,
0.5810546875,
0.728515625,
-0.0975952148,
0.529296875,
-0.4714355469,
-0.6606445312,
0.873046875,
1.4345703125,
-0.8540039062,
0.615234375,
-0.2132568359,
-0.921875,
0.2761230469,
0.2038574219,
-0.2990722656,
-0.685546875,
-1.162109375,
0.6020507812,
0.3168945312,
0.4333496094,
-0.6474609375,
0.1179199219,
-0.7543945312,
-0.1905517578,
0.1584472656,
0.4050292969,
-0.0410766602,
0.3911132812,
0.98046875,
0.45703125,
0.2800292969,
-0.0370788574,
-0.031829834,
-0.1291503906,
0.2543945312,
0.0391235352,
0.3232421875,
-0.8686523438,
-0.00415802,
0.0726928711,
0.3225097656,
0.517578125,
-0.4880371094,
0.4838867188,
-0.0194091797,
0.8774414062,
-1.330078125,
-0.1087036133,
0.005821228,
-1.2353515625,
-0.2839355469,
-1.193359375,
-0.5986328125,
-0.4716796875,
0.2036132812,
0.0561523438,
0.4645996094,
0.9526367188,
0.5463867188,
-0.71875,
0.6752929688,
0.5078125,
-0.2286376953,
-0.0645141602,
0.2548828125,
0.7426757812,
0.1226196289,
-0.2199707031,
0.0186462402,
0.169921875,
-0.689453125,
-0.1132202148,
-0.6098632812,
0.3247070312,
0.3059082031,
-0.0594482422,
0.5922851562,
0.4670410156,
-0.0861206055,
1.037109375,
0.52734375,
0.4533691406,
0.3674316406,
0.1577148438,
-0.3381347656,
0.6801757812,
0.1918945312,
1.0146484375,
-0.0542297363,
0.5239257812,
-0.1439208984,
-0.1522216797,
-0.5771484375,
-0.0328674316,
-0.33203125,
0.49609375,
0.8364257812,
0.2951660156,
-0.2359619141,
-0.1575927734,
-0.7724609375,
0.2052001953,
-0.0423278809,
-0.5502929688,
-0.0648193359,
0.1693115234,
-0.7705078125,
-0.3137207031,
0.00806427,
-0.1198120117,
-0.1971435547,
-0.2282714844,
0.5639648438,
0.2849121094,
0.4609375,
0.62890625,
0.75,
0.3825683594,
0.8955078125,
-0.0589904785,
0.9443359375,
-0.8315429688,
-0.775390625,
0.0618286133,
0.5361328125,
-0.564453125,
0.1641845703,
-0.3227539062,
0.8530273438,
-0.0390319824,
-0.5126953125,
-0.1925048828,
0.9018554688,
-0.5927734375,
0.2110595703,
0.5151367188,
0.3203125,
0.6381835938,
0.2385253906,
-0.1818847656,
-0.5004882812,
0.3395996094,
0.5336914062,
0.2258300781,
-0.0999755859,
0.2489013672,
-0.9038085938,
0.771484375,
0.0575256348,
-1.0048828125,
0.4125976562,
0.0943603516,
0.4733886719,
-0.071472168,
-1.259765625,
0.33203125,
-0.7456054688,
0.462890625,
0.6372070312,
0.6889648438,
-0.7470703125,
0.6518554688,
0.5263671875,
0.2126464844,
0.1430664062,
1.0224609375,
-0.122253418,
-0.0255889893,
-0.2457275391,
-0.337890625,
-0.0337524414,
0.4604492188,
0.7250976562,
-0.8549804688,
-0.1263427734,
1.3505859375,
-0.0422668457,
0.2081298828,
0.8369140625,
0.1624755859,
-0.732421875,
-0.3864746094,
0.7958984375,
-0.5556640625,
0.017868042,
-0.375,
0.4992675781,
0.8076171875,
-0.3923339844,
-1.3857421875,
0.2062988281,
-0.3981933594,
0.4392089844,
-0.1678466797,
0.5737304688,
0.8872070312,
-0.8466796875,
-0.2333984375,
0.7768554688,
-0.421875,
0.3532714844,
0.626953125,
0.0835571289,
-0.4008789062,
0.4643554688,
-0.8159179688,
0.609375,
0.3737792969,
-0.4389648438,
-0.6743164062,
-0.2536621094,
-0.3654785156,
-0.0974121094,
0.3115234375,
0.0651245117,
-0.061706543,
-0.0952758789,
0.5112304688,
0.2178955078,
-0.0090103149,
0.3054199219,
-0.1267089844,
1.04296875,
1.3818359375,
-1.302734375,
-0.0588684082,
0.6513671875,
0.1573486328,
1.2509765625,
0.1177368164,
1.654296875,
0.0240325928,
-0.8696289062,
1.1572265625,
-0.623046875,
0.8076171875,
-0.1448974609,
-0.3410644531,
-0.6713867188,
0.1329345703,
-0.2446289062,
-0.4228515625,
-0.2895507812,
0.5219726562,
0.1419677734,
0.3696289062,
0.4887695312,
-1.041015625,
-0.3579101562,
0.2147216797,
-0.0625610352,
0.8916015625,
0.736328125,
-0.0140075684,
-0.1263427734,
-1.5361328125,
0.0682983398,
-0.9155273438,
-0.447265625,
0.1900634766,
0.9658203125,
0.5327148438,
-0.4094238281,
0.5869140625,
-0.5532226562,
0.4714355469,
0.2751464844,
0.6879882812,
0.9926757812,
-0.7573242188,
0.9526367188,
0.8310546875,
-0.408203125,
-0.5,
-0.7524414062,
0.5263671875,
-1.3984375,
0.5581054688,
-0.537109375,
1.0869140625,
-0.1950683594,
0.3354492188,
-0.6713867188,
0.0897827148,
-1.2275390625,
0.2963867188,
0.0993041992,
0.2619628906,
-0.0660400391,
-0.8681640625,
-0.4919433594,
0.3759765625,
-1.07421875,
-0.7353515625,
-0.130859375,
0.1634521484,
0.0095367432,
-1.4150390625,
0.4001464844,
-0.5551757812,
-0.25,
-0.3959960938,
0.7998046875,
0.4675292969,
0.7119140625,
-0.7265625,
0.6801757812,
-0.1547851562,
-0.9877929688,
0.8505859375,
-0.1707763672,
0.5390625,
0.1971435547,
-0.2178955078,
-0.3828125,
1.2490234375,
-0.71484375,
-0.7670898438,
-0.578125,
-0.3920898438,
0.9301757812,
-1.2255859375,
-1.00390625,
-0.3100585938,
-0.4331054688,
-0.4536132812,
-0.37890625,
-1.146484375,
0.759765625,
-0.0648193359,
-1.1533203125,
-0.0015134811,
0.6528320312,
-0.64453125,
0.923828125,
0.5068359375,
0.9252929688,
-1.0947265625,
0.0785522461,
-0.2036132812,
0.1463623047,
-0.0602722168,
-1.1171875,
0.0593566895,
-0.020111084,
0.4953613281,
0.505859375,
-0.580078125,
0.0419006348,
1.2587890625,
-0.3657226562,
-1.0751953125,
0.4782714844,
0.4467773438,
-0.68359375,
0.0848999023,
-0.6079101562,
-0.787109375,
-0.640625,
-0.1896972656,
-0.0175476074,
-0.1566162109,
-0.6342773438,
0.2398681641,
1.36328125,
0.1403808594,
1.1806640625,
1.5908203125,
0.7734375,
0.3918457031,
0.5551757812,
0.7133789062,
1.205078125,
-0.5654296875,
1.1318359375,
-0.8452148438,
0.7216796875,
-0.5356445312,
0.3937988281,
0.44140625,
1.3359375,
0.2355957031,
-1.30078125,
-0.521484375,
-0.74609375,
1.015625,
-0.9819335938,
-0.4343261719,
0.3813476562,
0.0755004883,
-0.0246582031,
0.5161132812,
-0.0132217407,
0.2437744141,
-0.3408203125,
0.3776855469,
0.6469726562,
0.0321960449,
-0.158203125,
-0.6455078125,
0.5986328125,
-0.9248046875,
-0.0612792969,
-0.9448242188,
0.0943603516,
0.6772460938,
0.291015625,
0.3254394531,
0.169921875,
-0.2015380859,
-0.1745605469,
-0.7788085938,
-0.2001953125,
1.8134765625,
-0.6376953125,
0.673828125,
-1.611328125,
-0.4782714844,
0.1240844727,
-0.298828125,
0.8349609375,
0.2712402344,
0.0729980469,
-0.4541015625,
0.1909179688,
0.9379882812,
0.1752929688,
-0.1318359375,
0.125,
0.4216308594,
-0.2468261719,
1.3076171875,
-0.7124023438,
-0.515625,
0.0479736328,
0.54296875,
0.0088653564,
0.513671875,
-0.8999023438,
1.03515625,
-0.80859375,
0.3793945312,
0.0113983154,
0.6181640625,
0.1749267578,
-0.4328613281,
-1.142578125,
0.75,
1.046875,
1.5029296875,
-1.1845703125,
-0.0534362793,
0.0003960133,
-0.2507324219,
0.1100463867,
-0.0887451172,
-0.6416015625,
0.0949707031,
-1.0966796875,
0.5068359375,
-0.1457519531,
-0.1170654297,
0.2543945312,
-0.9223632812,
0.8256835938,
0.7583007812,
0.9790039062,
0.5590820312,
-0.0435180664,
-0.5063476562,
0.0765380859,
-0.3056640625,
0.55078125,
0.6376953125,
0.2802734375,
-0.8168945312,
0.3076171875,
0.443359375,
0.7915039062,
0.419921875,
-0.0791625977,
-0.3557128906,
-0.53125,
-1.359375,
-1.2861328125,
0.1896972656,
-1.1689453125,
0.1337890625,
0.3103027344,
-0.3996582031,
-0.8295898438,
0.3957519531,
0.2685546875,
-0.3181152344,
-0.5078125,
0.2900390625,
-0.1721191406,
0.9291992188,
-0.1624755859,
0.0462646484,
0.6420898438,
-0.1234130859,
-0.035949707,
-0.8208007812,
-0.4106445312,
-0.4738769531,
-0.0838623047,
0.0520935059,
-0.2932128906,
-0.5966796875,
0.1741943359,
0.2413330078,
-0.3110351562,
-1.41015625,
0.529296875,
-1.0595703125,
-0.0895385742,
-0.7280273438,
0.1267089844,
-0.3195800781,
-0.3317871094,
-0.8876953125,
-0.8125,
0.0109329224,
0.3037109375,
1.1904296875,
0.3562011719,
1.025390625,
-0.4597167969,
-1.0595703125,
-0.1241455078,
-0.404296875,
-0.4973144531,
-0.3527832031,
-0.3200683594,
0.0172576904,
-0.2614746094,
-0.07421875,
0.2276611328,
-0.4819335938,
0.5522460938,
0.3696289062,
-0.1390380859,
-0.9477539062,
-0.2425537109,
0.4262695312,
-0.1882324219,
1.0419921875,
0.513671875,
-0.5283203125,
0.4685058594,
0.9404296875,
0.4951171875,
0.4846191406,
-0.2141113281,
0.4311523438,
0.8247070312,
0.0969848633,
-0.4853515625,
0.5034179688,
-0.5747070312,
0.0588378906,
-0.1034545898,
0.6689453125,
-0.4533691406,
0.3439941406,
0.2514648438,
0.4609375,
-0.4035644531,
-0.6586914062,
0.6860351562,
-0.3920898438,
-0.4982910156,
1.306640625,
0.3630371094,
-0.4985351562,
-1.2255859375,
-0.2481689453,
0.263671875,
-0.2449951172,
0.4765625,
-0.4953613281,
-0.259765625,
-0.1303710938,
-0.7822265625,
0.3530273438,
0.9272460938,
0.2973632812,
0.0209960938,
-0.2069091797,
0.1840820312,
0.0409545898,
-0.2048339844,
-0.1627197266,
0.765625,
0.4499511719,
1.6142578125,
-0.1525878906,
-0.0793457031,
0.607421875,
0.8798828125,
-0.3913574219,
-0.3806152344,
-0.5561523438,
-0.7763671875,
0.275390625,
-0.0733642578,
-1.5927734375,
-0.2416992188,
0.6826171875,
-0.1307373047,
-0.59375,
0.1147460938,
-0.7822265625,
0.0063018799,
-0.9140625,
0.1684570312,
0.0414733887,
0.3200683594,
-0.4028320312,
-0.1770019531,
0.3029785156,
-0.4653320312,
-0.7290039062,
-0.1850585938,
0.2724609375,
-0.1457519531,
0.39453125,
-1.140625,
0.0865478516,
1.1552734375,
-0.3623046875,
0.4147949219,
0.1979980469,
-0.5087890625,
0.9536132812,
-0.0430297852,
1.232421875,
0.3920898438,
0.1791992188,
0.3959960938,
0.138671875,
-0.50390625,
-0.6596679688,
0.4282226562,
0.0133590698,
0.5517578125,
-0.1331787109,
-0.1439208984,
0.0989379883,
-0.740234375,
0.1089477539,
0.4221191406,
0.0360717773,
0.2279052734,
-1.306640625,
0.1352539062,
0.1318359375,
-0.2163085938,
-0.3713378906,
-0.3654785156,
0.90234375,
1.4130859375,
-0.78125,
0.474609375,
-1.89453125,
-0.5864257812,
0.3325195312,
-0.2602539062,
-0.642578125,
0.62109375,
-0.0718994141,
0.3081054688,
1.0859375,
0.3557128906,
-0.2819824219,
-0.5732421875,
0.0879516602,
0.0704956055,
-0.923828125,
1.0263671875,
0.0208740234,
-0.7265625,
0.1525878906,
-0.7470703125,
-0.096862793,
0.0146713257,
0.4418945312,
1.0673828125,
-0.3208007812,
-0.6655273438,
-0.5620117188,
-0.7060546875,
-0.7192382812,
-0.7036132812,
0.2736816406,
-0.54296875,
0.6108398438,
0.1944580078,
-0.1530761719,
0.1904296875,
-0.5166015625,
-0.4052734375,
-0.4584960938,
-0.5908203125,
-0.1546630859,
0.4094238281,
-0.4982910156,
0.7734375,
-0.0245056152,
-0.314453125,
-0.607421875,
0.0798339844,
0.2365722656,
0.404296875,
-0.166015625,
0.2416992188,
-0.541015625,
0.6123046875,
0.0194549561,
0.927734375,
-0.1207275391,
0.3249511719,
0.6162109375,
0.3745117188,
0.494140625,
-1.1474609375,
0.1958007812,
-0.5805664062,
-0.9047851562,
0.0458984375,
0.4323730469,
-0.4074707031,
0.3605957031,
-0.966796875,
-0.7583007812,
-0.0512695312,
0.1677246094,
0.2370605469,
0.1927490234,
-0.0821533203,
0.3471679688,
0.0310058594,
0.1567382812,
-0.1322021484,
-0.16015625,
-0.744140625,
0.1439208984,
-1.099609375,
0.2827148438,
0.2673339844,
0.1812744141,
-0.2551269531,
-1.2314453125,
0.2536621094,
0.5454101562,
-0.4265136719,
0.3935546875,
1.078125,
-0.3427734375,
-0.2454833984,
0.0503845215,
1.337890625,
0.4213867188,
-0.5883789062,
0.7973632812,
0.4572753906,
-0.2641601562,
-1.375,
-13.2265625,
-1.390625,
0.0703125,
-0.3200683594,
-0.8583984375,
0.0232849121,
0.7895507812,
-1.353515625,
-0.2064208984,
-0.0562438965,
-0.3037109375,
1.068359375,
-0.1683349609,
-0.4133300781,
0.251953125,
-0.2322998047,
0.6079101562,
-0.4216308594,
-0.6728515625,
-0.0255889893,
0.7114257812,
0.5537109375,
-1.1162109375,
0.1524658203,
0.0426635742,
0.6284179688,
1.33203125,
-0.7846679688,
0.5649414062,
-0.1779785156,
-1.1416015625,
0.78515625,
0.4248046875,
0.2922363281,
-0.9711914062,
0.4213867188,
0.0004868507,
-0.619140625,
-0.8374023438,
-0.2775878906,
-0.8676757812,
0.5004882812,
-0.8774414062,
0.0797119141,
0.0108947754,
0.1547851562,
-0.2270507812,
0.2347412109,
0.1761474609,
-0.7094726562,
-0.5561523438,
1.0478515625,
-0.0571594238,
0.4260253906,
-1.0537109375,
-0.0494995117,
-0.9877929688,
0.2507324219,
0.2315673828,
1.5380859375,
-1.19921875,
0.9375,
0.7983398438,
0.3139648438,
0.2117919922,
-0.599609375,
-0.759765625,
-0.4782714844,
-0.5024414062,
0.3264160156,
-0.2834472656,
-1.26953125,
0.0838623047,
0.4711914062,
-0.4567871094,
-0.0921020508,
0.0845336914,
-0.4616699219,
-0.4680175781,
-0.4768066406,
0.025970459,
-1.6142578125
] |
Jansenism is considered heretical by the Roman Catholic Church , and this may be part of the explanation why Fresnel, in spite of his scientific achievements and his royalist credentials, never gained a permanent academic teaching post; his only teaching appointment was at the Athénée in the winter of 1819–20. Be that as it may, the brief article on Fresnel in the old Catholic Encyclopedia does not mention his Jansenism, but describes him as "a deeply religious man and remarkable for his keen sense of duty." Engineering assignments
Fresnel was initially posted to the western département of Vendée. There, in 1811, he anticipated what became known as the Solvay process for producing soda ash, except that recycling of the ammonia was not considered. That difference may explain why leading chemists, who learned of his discovery through his uncle Léonor, eventually thought it uneconomic. About 1812, Fresnel was sent to Nyons, in the southern département of Drôme, to assist with the imperial highway that was to connect Spain and Italy. It is from Nyons that we have the first evidence of his interest in optics. On 15 May 1814, while work was slack due to Napoleon's defeat, Fresnel wrote a "P.S." to his brother Léonor, saying in part:
As late as 28 December he was still waiting for information, but he had received Biot's memoir by 10 February 1815. (The Institut de France had taken over the functions of the French Académie des Sciences and other académies in 1795. | [
-0.9741210938,
0.1672363281,
1.1552734375,
-1.287109375,
0.4147949219,
-0.1459960938,
0.7607421875,
0.4091796875,
0.1442871094,
0.2614746094,
0.4118652344,
-0.2580566406,
0.4387207031,
0.3857421875,
0.3305664062,
-0.1916503906,
0.00365448,
-0.7763671875,
-0.8002929688,
0.4272460938,
-0.2749023438,
-0.2449951172,
-0.6889648438,
-1.248046875,
-0.9619140625,
0.2739257812,
0.6303710938,
0.0994873047,
-1.064453125,
-0.763671875,
0.2171630859,
0.0110473633,
0.098815918,
-0.1439208984,
0.3974609375,
0.2037353516,
-0.5673828125,
0.1121826172,
-0.1092529297,
0.3112792969,
0.0424804688,
-0.3615722656,
0.2563476562,
0.5307617188,
-0.0233764648,
-0.1594238281,
-0.9052734375,
0.703125,
-0.3369140625,
-0.4848632812,
-0.2154541016,
-0.7192382812,
-1.0986328125,
-0.8466796875,
0.0634765625,
-1.609375,
0.1226196289,
-0.4001464844,
-0.6015625,
0.3835449219,
-0.2299804688,
0.5458984375,
-0.9555664062,
-0.0885009766,
0.8525390625,
-0.5869140625,
0.96484375,
-0.0367126465,
0.8706054688,
1.2919921875,
-1.0537109375,
-0.4797363281,
-0.6513671875,
-0.5126953125,
-0.7846679688,
0.4697265625,
-0.39453125,
0.4951171875,
0.8872070312,
-0.0521240234,
-0.5146484375,
-0.4479980469,
-0.9638671875,
-0.81640625,
-1.1279296875,
0.20703125,
-0.4343261719,
-0.6840820312,
-0.3581542969,
1.228515625,
-0.6928710938,
-0.9287109375,
-0.4482421875,
-0.0319824219,
-0.1015014648,
-0.9311523438,
-0.0362854004,
-2.240234375,
-0.7822265625,
0.3100585938,
0.6821289062,
-1.05859375,
1.177734375,
0.2834472656,
-0.330078125,
1.8740234375,
-0.685546875,
-0.8720703125,
-0.2348632812,
0.4135742188,
-0.4619140625,
-0.439453125,
1.1953125,
0.5541992188,
-0.5395507812,
-0.1864013672,
-1.43359375,
-0.6069335938,
-1.5830078125,
-0.1156616211,
0.2219238281,
0.3776855469,
-0.1060791016,
-0.2839355469,
0.3269042969,
0.1635742188,
-0.71875,
-0.1109619141,
-0.4709472656,
0.4321289062,
-0.8955078125,
0.4982910156,
-0.5561523438,
-0.2939453125,
0.2434082031,
-0.8881835938,
-1.412109375,
0.1018066406,
0.5703125,
0.2047119141,
-0.6547851562,
0.7236328125,
-0.4924316406,
-0.6645507812,
-0.4055175781,
-0.2536621094,
-0.6235351562,
0.900390625,
-0.9365234375,
-0.0226135254,
0.6420898438,
-0.640625,
0.5747070312,
0.3117675781,
-1.2998046875,
-0.8349609375,
-0.1416015625,
-0.5161132812,
0.390625,
-0.85546875,
0.4282226562,
-1.0009765625,
-0.771484375,
-0.7817382812,
0.0486450195,
0.7216796875,
-0.0338134766,
-0.3308105469,
-0.369140625,
-0.1873779297,
1.06640625,
0.3674316406,
0.5161132812,
0.5786132812,
0.8798828125,
-0.3278808594,
0.8569335938,
-0.396484375,
-0.228515625,
0.3894042969,
0.2836914062,
-0.6040039062,
-0.2082519531,
-0.0527954102,
0.1790771484,
0.693359375,
0.2609863281,
-0.5893554688,
-0.2144775391,
-0.453125,
0.1414794922,
0.4799804688,
0.0600891113,
-1.1572265625,
-0.2824707031,
-0.0831298828,
-0.6025390625,
0.2497558594,
0.8315429688,
-0.138671875,
0.8540039062,
1.7685546875,
0.3781738281,
0.5185546875,
-0.0647583008,
0.4956054688,
0.4262695312,
0.2270507812,
0.8041992188,
1.16015625,
-1.0078125,
0.4396972656,
-0.833984375,
0.3386230469,
0.4814453125,
-0.7890625,
-0.1408691406,
0.4152832031,
0.8544921875,
-1.1005859375,
0.1282958984,
-0.1520996094,
-0.9599609375,
-0.6875,
-1.2294921875,
-0.1932373047,
-0.4116210938,
0.9321289062,
-0.1882324219,
0.3154296875,
0.6015625,
0.3598632812,
-0.25,
-0.0459289551,
0.9536132812,
-0.5380859375,
-0.310546875,
-0.8388671875,
0.2543945312,
-0.3432617188,
0.0904541016,
0.2307128906,
0.0917358398,
-0.607421875,
-0.4675292969,
-0.794921875,
0.4846191406,
-0.1804199219,
-0.3596191406,
0.7705078125,
0.1860351562,
0.1167602539,
0.1607666016,
-0.8115234375,
0.057800293,
0.0348205566,
-0.3229980469,
-0.3435058594,
1.1025390625,
0.1513671875,
0.5307617188,
0.3483886719,
0.9423828125,
-0.6201171875,
-0.1888427734,
-0.8374023438,
0.626953125,
0.3376464844,
0.490234375,
0.3967285156,
0.173828125,
-0.4404296875,
-0.5219726562,
-0.5288085938,
-0.56640625,
0.5805664062,
-1.234375,
-0.3017578125,
-0.2286376953,
-0.5668945312,
0.0052375793,
-0.3081054688,
0.1246337891,
-1.0546875,
0.0832519531,
0.6201171875,
0.0870361328,
0.3896484375,
-0.4060058594,
1.0634765625,
0.6323242188,
0.1979980469,
-0.7314453125,
0.9409179688,
0.4501953125,
-0.3369140625,
0.2322998047,
1.2841796875,
-0.7905273438,
-0.4716796875,
0.0527038574,
0.69140625,
-0.2526855469,
-0.8159179688,
-0.3278808594,
0.498046875,
0.3071289062,
-0.052734375,
-0.3815917969,
-0.3403320312,
1.126953125,
-0.2958984375,
1.013671875,
-0.5400390625,
-0.1424560547,
0.3530273438,
-0.3911132812,
0.0083618164,
-0.333984375,
-0.693359375,
1.091796875,
-0.0965576172,
-0.4318847656,
0.0695800781,
0.1378173828,
0.0185089111,
-0.28125,
-1.70703125,
1.0009765625,
-0.0619506836,
0.2329101562,
0.8383789062,
0.5732421875,
0.1459960938,
0.4187011719,
0.0977783203,
0.4169921875,
-0.0442810059,
0.6484375,
0.0408935547,
-0.6293945312,
-0.2802734375,
-0.2602539062,
0.0702514648,
-0.2829589844,
-0.0342102051,
-0.0446777344,
0.5561523438,
0.7568359375,
0.1623535156,
-0.1168212891,
0.408203125,
-0.2406005859,
-1.3505859375,
-0.5922851562,
0.8315429688,
-0.6083984375,
-0.3703613281,
-0.3986816406,
-0.4697265625,
-0.0193328857,
0.4465332031,
-1.1474609375,
0.0079498291,
-0.1578369141,
0.0448608398,
-0.2531738281,
-0.0624389648,
0.908203125,
-0.4440917969,
-0.57421875,
0.5434570312,
-0.2836914062,
0.6938476562,
0.3898925781,
0.1396484375,
-0.3137207031,
0.1684570312,
-0.7724609375,
0.3151855469,
-0.5625,
-0.5541992188,
-0.8637695312,
-0.9853515625,
0.36328125,
-0.5209960938,
0.2875976562,
-0.3742675781,
-1.7216796875,
-0.1055297852,
0.6518554688,
0.0758666992,
0.5991210938,
-0.3859863281,
-0.2722167969,
0.3862304688,
1.185546875,
-0.9018554688,
-0.1501464844,
0.8168945312,
-0.4719238281,
0.3098144531,
-0.4274902344,
0.4587402344,
0.4936523438,
-0.6401367188,
1.6015625,
-1.12109375,
0.2145996094,
0.4748535156,
0.0254516602,
-0.2132568359,
0.1639404297,
-0.125,
-0.82421875,
-0.4763183594,
0.140625,
0.4128417969,
0.1403808594,
1.025390625,
-0.890625,
0.826171875,
0.1646728516,
0.3483886719,
0.7856445312,
0.2152099609,
0.1683349609,
1.025390625,
-1.12890625,
-0.2279052734,
-1.025390625,
-0.2366943359,
0.8989257812,
1.77734375,
0.5541992188,
-0.4790039062,
0.82421875,
-0.5532226562,
0.5122070312,
0.1550292969,
0.9228515625,
0.5551757812,
-0.6845703125,
0.1524658203,
0.20703125,
0.3488769531,
0.0995483398,
-0.3474121094,
0.2152099609,
-0.8510742188,
-0.1994628906,
-0.4609375,
1.5048828125,
0.203125,
0.453125,
-0.2252197266,
0.0043983459,
-0.8413085938,
0.7465820312,
0.2459716797,
0.1918945312,
-0.3349609375,
-0.572265625,
0.1075439453,
-0.080871582,
-1.2783203125,
-0.2849121094,
0.2514648438,
0.0055503845,
0.1365966797,
-1.4169921875,
0.3547363281,
-0.9555664062,
-0.7045898438,
-0.390625,
0.6787109375,
-0.119140625,
-0.693359375,
-0.7607421875,
0.5537109375,
0.9067382812,
-0.4072265625,
-0.1662597656,
-0.069152832,
0.8364257812,
-0.36328125,
0.2145996094,
-0.2219238281,
1.076171875,
0.0127716064,
-0.8583984375,
-0.1677246094,
-0.0389404297,
0.5415039062,
-0.591796875,
-0.7568359375,
-0.4692382812,
-0.3332519531,
-1.1875,
0.0649414062,
-0.4921875,
1.1376953125,
-0.3251953125,
-0.9907226562,
-1.1533203125,
1.3232421875,
-0.3259277344,
0.6645507812,
0.8940429688,
1.275390625,
-0.0572814941,
-0.3386230469,
-0.2915039062,
-0.1643066406,
0.1572265625,
-1.2548828125,
0.6254882812,
-0.0437011719,
-0.1458740234,
0.8041992188,
0.1340332031,
0.2169189453,
1.3447265625,
-0.1901855469,
-0.7001953125,
0.6328125,
0.3210449219,
-0.5126953125,
0.3071289062,
-0.3237304688,
-0.4360351562,
0.1737060547,
0.1810302734,
-0.8627929688,
-0.2351074219,
-0.6142578125,
0.126953125,
1.0966796875,
0.35546875,
1.16796875,
1.2548828125,
0.2731933594,
0.4750976562,
0.5395507812,
0.5532226562,
0.9614257812,
0.2846679688,
0.5756835938,
-1.2509765625,
0.9389648438,
-0.68359375,
0.0707397461,
0.1441650391,
1.158203125,
-0.0128707886,
-0.8159179688,
-0.9311523438,
-0.2227783203,
1.1708984375,
-0.2885742188,
-1.03515625,
0.1211547852,
0.1285400391,
1.0341796875,
0.3854980469,
-0.0008907318,
-0.0637817383,
0.0869750977,
0.2827148438,
0.3627929688,
0.595703125,
-0.2680664062,
0.12890625,
0.5458984375,
-0.966796875,
0.1017456055,
0.1413574219,
-0.2205810547,
-0.4721679688,
0.6000976562,
0.3125,
0.1749267578,
-0.3781738281,
0.0827636719,
-0.0887451172,
0.69140625,
0.8969726562,
-1.1865234375,
0.0640258789,
-1.0615234375,
-0.466796875,
-0.296875,
-0.1627197266,
0.1380615234,
0.3693847656,
0.6909179688,
-0.3649902344,
0.3269042969,
1.1396484375,
-0.5322265625,
0.2012939453,
0.1224975586,
0.822265625,
-0.552734375,
1.6884765625,
-0.2956542969,
0.1024780273,
0.2951660156,
0.5571289062,
0.6997070312,
0.7954101562,
-0.4489746094,
1.4736328125,
-1.03125,
1.044921875,
-0.4851074219,
0.9223632812,
-0.5083007812,
0.0272521973,
-1.3681640625,
-0.2919921875,
1.0966796875,
1.271484375,
-0.318359375,
0.8168945312,
-0.0238189697,
-0.1434326172,
-0.4345703125,
-0.4367675781,
-0.2932128906,
0.681640625,
-1.1181640625,
0.2235107422,
0.5131835938,
1.0078125,
0.56640625,
-0.681640625,
1.1396484375,
0.8662109375,
-0.7211914062,
0.880859375,
0.0438842773,
0.0211334229,
-0.4682617188,
0.8520507812,
-0.5952148438,
0.4956054688,
0.79296875,
-0.8046875,
-0.408203125,
0.7739257812,
1.009765625,
0.80078125,
0.361328125,
-1.0029296875,
-0.5307617188,
-0.6821289062,
-0.9711914062,
0.712890625,
-0.4162597656,
0.3344726562,
-0.1501464844,
-0.6743164062,
-0.45703125,
-0.0603942871,
0.5405273438,
0.0511474609,
-0.3598632812,
-0.1123657227,
0.0284118652,
2.396484375,
0.1934814453,
-0.0294036865,
-0.0739746094,
-0.1756591797,
-0.7578125,
-0.6982421875,
-0.4555664062,
-0.5478515625,
-0.0855102539,
-0.3137207031,
0.1407470703,
-0.2868652344,
-0.359375,
-0.0453796387,
-0.2319335938,
-1.0146484375,
0.4548339844,
-1.080078125,
0.2264404297,
0.3139648438,
-0.0416870117,
-0.5771484375,
-0.2233886719,
-0.7568359375,
-1.0908203125,
0.64453125,
0.3237304688,
0.2281494141,
0.537109375,
0.802734375,
-0.1136474609,
-0.8974609375,
-0.2009277344,
-0.509765625,
-0.0709838867,
0.0590209961,
-0.2692871094,
0.4880371094,
-0.6450195312,
-1.4677734375,
0.2849121094,
0.0465393066,
-1.0625,
-0.3291015625,
-0.1096191406,
-0.4675292969,
0.1781005859,
0.533203125,
0.9189453125,
-0.310546875,
0.8735351562,
-0.7963867188,
0.2420654297,
0.0182647705,
0.6044921875,
0.1441650391,
0.20703125,
-0.2471923828,
-0.3576660156,
-0.0168304443,
-0.1102905273,
0.8061523438,
-0.0645141602,
0.1746826172,
-0.5385742188,
0.6420898438,
-0.2990722656,
0.7880859375,
0.3295898438,
0.009147644,
-0.3410644531,
-0.3576660156,
0.2600097656,
-0.4616699219,
-0.5654296875,
1.162109375,
1.216796875,
-1.1455078125,
-1.591796875,
-1.06640625,
-0.2003173828,
-0.1040039062,
0.91015625,
-0.2095947266,
-0.5502929688,
-0.5034179688,
0.2095947266,
0.6684570312,
0.7412109375,
0.2078857422,
-0.5390625,
-0.578125,
0.4833984375,
0.2800292969,
0.5102539062,
-0.3020019531,
0.6801757812,
0.2451171875,
1.6953125,
0.2196044922,
0.0338439941,
-0.0202484131,
0.587890625,
-0.4748535156,
0.0164489746,
-0.509765625,
-1.640625,
-0.2644042969,
0.0684204102,
-1.0244140625,
0.0832519531,
0.3000488281,
-0.0825805664,
-0.5825195312,
-0.1052856445,
-0.4233398438,
0.3181152344,
-0.7026367188,
-0.5615234375,
-0.0997314453,
0.1547851562,
-0.4204101562,
0.4440917969,
0.1656494141,
0.2902832031,
-0.6064453125,
-0.4958496094,
0.271484375,
-0.0797729492,
0.4450683594,
-0.9306640625,
-0.5712890625,
0.6044921875,
-1.3076171875,
-0.1135864258,
0.7387695312,
-0.3666992188,
1.119140625,
0.4326171875,
0.3447265625,
0.26171875,
0.3681640625,
0.79296875,
-0.2824707031,
-0.0963134766,
-0.3049316406,
0.87890625,
-0.1771240234,
0.4509277344,
0.1320800781,
0.0559387207,
0.2766113281,
0.068359375,
-0.6728515625,
1.0361328125,
0.0665893555,
0.4892578125,
-1.251953125,
0.1923828125,
-0.5991210938,
0.0661010742,
0.0434570312,
0.0998535156,
0.505859375,
1.791015625,
-0.1004638672,
0.1923828125,
0.1768798828,
0.0068206787,
-0.4899902344,
-0.1917724609,
-0.1766357422,
0.625,
0.4189453125,
0.5473632812,
0.8803710938,
-0.116027832,
-0.1815185547,
0.0935668945,
0.1396484375,
-0.7333984375,
-0.0363769531,
-0.4904785156,
-0.2866210938,
-0.1639404297,
0.1209106445,
-0.6201171875,
0.2447509766,
-0.5341796875,
0.5102539062,
0.2653808594,
-0.0116500854,
-0.7509765625,
-0.3671875,
0.3991699219,
-0.6220703125,
0.3420410156,
0.30078125,
-0.1295166016,
0.8481445312,
-0.44921875,
-0.1806640625,
-0.4970703125,
-0.1915283203,
-0.5869140625,
-0.2117919922,
-1.3642578125,
0.1396484375,
-0.2907714844,
-0.2067871094,
0.3828125,
-0.3669433594,
-0.6494140625,
-0.1451416016,
0.0062904358,
-0.1455078125,
0.2340087891,
-0.2631835938,
-0.4284667969,
-0.6430664062,
1.1669921875,
0.5126953125,
0.5727539062,
0.2719726562,
-0.2919921875,
0.3767089844,
-0.294921875,
0.6728515625,
-0.740234375,
-0.6704101562,
-0.4118652344,
-0.9453125,
-0.1237182617,
0.5073242188,
-0.1646728516,
1.3857421875,
-0.6225585938,
-0.0377807617,
-0.3020019531,
0.4602050781,
-0.0520935059,
-0.0176544189,
-0.4914550781,
0.8022460938,
0.2369384766,
0.21875,
-0.4016113281,
0.2299804688,
-0.0972900391,
-0.0448303223,
-0.71875,
0.8159179688,
-0.8920898438,
0.4580078125,
-0.1671142578,
-0.8432617188,
0.1170043945,
0.6840820312,
-0.6733398438,
0.3176269531,
0.0018825531,
-0.2380371094,
-0.1732177734,
-0.0186767578,
0.97265625,
0.6772460938,
0.6665039062,
0.7958984375,
-0.0944824219,
-0.1456298828,
-1.0244140625,
-12.9453125,
-1.9755859375,
-0.7836914062,
-0.2661132812,
-1.357421875,
0.089050293,
0.7260742188,
-0.5346679688,
-0.0833740234,
0.1904296875,
-0.8999023438,
0.7822265625,
-0.7553710938,
-0.7958984375,
0.9731445312,
-0.3503417969,
0.3159179688,
-0.6279296875,
-0.4018554688,
0.1680908203,
1.0029296875,
1.630859375,
-1.2529296875,
0.57421875,
0.1608886719,
-0.1384277344,
1.2158203125,
-0.7905273438,
0.5336914062,
-0.2907714844,
-0.7055664062,
0.8393554688,
-0.2761230469,
0.5405273438,
-0.8559570312,
0.3449707031,
0.3623046875,
-0.7602539062,
-0.572265625,
-0.4282226562,
-0.0611877441,
0.666015625,
-0.4487304688,
0.5478515625,
0.4143066406,
0.1397705078,
0.1182861328,
0.3630371094,
0.3598632812,
-0.7280273438,
-0.5947265625,
1.5517578125,
0.2099609375,
0.0784301758,
-2.24609375,
0.0801391602,
-0.6767578125,
-0.2277832031,
0.7978515625,
0.4995117188,
-0.8159179688,
0.6821289062,
0.2868652344,
-0.1257324219,
0.453125,
-0.529296875,
-0.5859375,
-1.216796875,
-0.3664550781,
-0.1916503906,
-0.1799316406,
-1.3720703125,
0.6323242188,
-0.0414123535,
0.1575927734,
0.9013671875,
-0.1016235352,
-0.6240234375,
-0.283203125,
-0.322265625,
-0.1128540039,
-0.6083984375
] |
In 1816 the Académie des Sciences regained its name and autonomy, but remained part of the institute.) In March 1815, perceiving Napoleon's return from Elba as "an attack on civilization", Fresnel departed without leave, hastened to Toulouse and offered his services to the royalist resistance, but soon found himself on the sick list. Returning to Nyons in defeat, he was threatened and had his windows broken. During the Hundred Days he was placed on suspension, which he was eventually allowed to spend at his mother's house in Mathieu. There he used his enforced leisure to begin his optical experiments. Contributions to physical optics
Historical context: From Newton to Biot
The appreciation of Fresnel's reconstruction of physical optics might be assisted by an overview of the fragmented state in which he found the subject. In this subsection, optical phenomena that were unexplained or whose explanations were disputed are named in bold type. The corpuscular theory of light, favored by Isaac Newton and accepted by nearly all of Fresnel's seniors, easily explained rectilinear propagation: the corpuscles obviously moved very fast, so that their paths were very nearly straight. The wave theory, as developed by Christiaan Huygens in his Treatise on Light (1690), explained rectilinear propagation on the assumption that each point crossed by a traveling wavefront becomes the source of a secondary wavefront. Given the initial position of a traveling wavefront, any later position (according to Huygens) was the common tangent surface (envelope) of the secondary wavefronts emitted from the earlier position. | [
-0.587890625,
-0.505859375,
0.1044921875,
-0.4709472656,
0.2795410156,
0.2502441406,
1.01171875,
-0.130859375,
1.083984375,
0.5380859375,
0.2420654297,
-0.2746582031,
-0.1948242188,
-0.552734375,
0.548828125,
0.2729492188,
-0.1054077148,
-0.6513671875,
-0.8764648438,
0.0645141602,
-0.8193359375,
-0.8608398438,
-0.3713378906,
-0.9252929688,
-1.3173828125,
-0.0595092773,
0.5029296875,
-0.4350585938,
-0.1424560547,
-0.2614746094,
0.3940429688,
-0.0628051758,
-0.1137084961,
-0.1435546875,
-0.4890136719,
0.720703125,
0.0406494141,
-0.2205810547,
-0.2521972656,
0.1251220703,
-0.7451171875,
-0.50390625,
-0.2298583984,
-0.5551757812,
0.2526855469,
0.4458007812,
-0.2290039062,
-0.0352783203,
-0.5576171875,
-1.833984375,
-0.4912109375,
-0.4926757812,
-0.2805175781,
-0.4028320312,
-0.2709960938,
-0.9438476562,
0.2442626953,
-0.2259521484,
0.7944335938,
0.3474121094,
-0.5688476562,
0.4416503906,
-0.1510009766,
-0.4060058594,
0.748046875,
-0.7641601562,
0.106262207,
-1.330078125,
-0.0902099609,
0.4311523438,
-0.88671875,
-0.0979003906,
0.0601806641,
-0.763671875,
-0.6762695312,
-0.2756347656,
-1.4794921875,
0.7875976562,
0.0742797852,
1.1083984375,
0.0631103516,
-0.5659179688,
-0.5400390625,
-1.0947265625,
-1.0908203125,
0.1716308594,
0.3996582031,
0.0424804688,
-1.2763671875,
0.7138671875,
-0.4973144531,
-0.5874023438,
-0.0706176758,
0.3098144531,
0.3273925781,
-0.4821777344,
-0.6997070312,
-1.7509765625,
-0.8403320312,
-0.2758789062,
0.2609863281,
-1.15234375,
1.1259765625,
-0.1602783203,
0.3315429688,
1.373046875,
-0.7934570312,
-0.916015625,
0.5561523438,
0.5356445312,
0.7021484375,
-0.013130188,
0.9916992188,
-0.4829101562,
-0.7924804688,
0.2905273438,
-0.646484375,
-0.0950927734,
-0.4553222656,
-0.4284667969,
-0.0378417969,
0.599609375,
0.5966796875,
-1.0283203125,
0.4279785156,
0.5361328125,
-0.1965332031,
-0.4587402344,
0.0172576904,
0.0035934448,
-0.2712402344,
-0.125,
-0.701171875,
0.1750488281,
-0.6958007812,
-0.5610351562,
-0.9130859375,
-0.0355834961,
0.2326660156,
0.0628662109,
0.3291015625,
0.1448974609,
0.3403320312,
0.0348815918,
-0.39453125,
-0.6098632812,
-0.1828613281,
0.3203125,
-0.4870605469,
-0.0830078125,
-0.9409179688,
0.126953125,
0.3256835938,
0.0381164551,
0.1273193359,
0.1134033203,
-0.3034667969,
0.4890136719,
-0.2861328125,
-0.3049316406,
-0.4069824219,
-0.0092773438,
-0.8559570312,
-0.904296875,
-0.5,
1.1572265625,
-0.3168945312,
-0.1922607422,
-0.490234375,
0.9033203125,
0.1045532227,
0.580078125,
0.0370178223,
0.2507324219,
0.1205444336,
-1.25,
0.9189453125,
-0.4704589844,
-0.220703125,
0.27734375,
0.3547363281,
-1.119140625,
-0.55078125,
-0.4479980469,
0.2453613281,
0.3662109375,
0.1356201172,
-0.4838867188,
-0.6323242188,
-0.7646484375,
-0.5205078125,
0.7934570312,
0.0894165039,
-0.662109375,
-0.2073974609,
0.337890625,
-1.4599609375,
-0.3725585938,
-0.2534179688,
0.1530761719,
-0.630859375,
1.1630859375,
0.8803710938,
0.3527832031,
0.3217773438,
-0.2912597656,
0.42578125,
-0.19140625,
1.5517578125,
0.8251953125,
-0.2369384766,
0.5400390625,
-0.130859375,
0.4282226562,
0.5375976562,
-0.1320800781,
0.3659667969,
0.1522216797,
0.0193786621,
-1.55859375,
0.1916503906,
0.3078613281,
-1.1259765625,
0.5737304688,
-1.2939453125,
-0.6176757812,
-0.5498046875,
1.85546875,
1.017578125,
0.4370117188,
0.1508789062,
0.3134765625,
0.0138015747,
-0.2702636719,
0.5283203125,
0.1843261719,
-0.4895019531,
-1.923828125,
0.3122558594,
0.0840454102,
-0.1256103516,
0.1215209961,
-0.1632080078,
-0.5375976562,
0.2932128906,
-0.6928710938,
0.3469238281,
0.353515625,
-0.1782226562,
1.03515625,
0.0950317383,
-0.3500976562,
0.2763671875,
0.3666992188,
-0.7529296875,
1.162109375,
-0.4582519531,
0.1856689453,
-0.2521972656,
0.8725585938,
-0.3298339844,
0.3986816406,
1.3486328125,
-1.1064453125,
0.1630859375,
-0.1898193359,
0.5029296875,
-0.31640625,
0.3955078125,
0.546875,
0.3112792969,
-0.2536621094,
-0.7534179688,
-0.0308837891,
0.2810058594,
-0.0395812988,
-0.92578125,
-0.5151367188,
0.7036132812,
0.0654296875,
0.2768554688,
-0.80078125,
-0.9057617188,
-0.5102539062,
1.025390625,
1.474609375,
0.34375,
-0.1002807617,
0.1907958984,
0.8793945312,
0.2135009766,
-0.3210449219,
-0.8310546875,
0.669921875,
-0.0257110596,
0.0238037109,
0.7182617188,
0.2836914062,
-0.7783203125,
-0.2517089844,
0.8041992188,
0.70703125,
-0.2376708984,
0.4968261719,
0.76171875,
1.2255859375,
0.0421447754,
-0.0014305115,
-0.8671875,
-0.400390625,
0.7314453125,
0.1251220703,
-0.0432434082,
-1.10546875,
-0.0039176941,
-0.2731933594,
0.763671875,
-0.658203125,
0.0891113281,
-0.3171386719,
0.0340270996,
0.07421875,
-0.1843261719,
-0.59765625,
0.26953125,
0.4521484375,
-0.1199951172,
-0.9008789062,
-0.4116210938,
0.2399902344,
0.4777832031,
0.5791015625,
-0.2880859375,
0.953125,
0.2205810547,
0.607421875,
1.095703125,
0.1337890625,
0.5634765625,
-0.1346435547,
0.4477539062,
-0.0038299561,
-0.8715820312,
0.1723632812,
0.1959228516,
0.2727050781,
-1.2724609375,
0.3208007812,
1.0771484375,
0.0104370117,
-0.4829101562,
0.1761474609,
-0.72265625,
-0.34765625,
-0.44921875,
0.8618164062,
-0.337890625,
-0.4489746094,
-0.8383789062,
-0.1237792969,
0.3054199219,
-0.6586914062,
0.4799804688,
-0.5576171875,
-1.0966796875,
-1.0009765625,
0.0417175293,
0.1146240234,
1.1748046875,
-0.5268554688,
-0.611328125,
0.3337402344,
-0.75390625,
-0.4655761719,
0.3913574219,
-0.2922363281,
-1.150390625,
0.3083496094,
-0.4562988281,
-0.3942871094,
-0.7138671875,
-0.9047851562,
-0.6630859375,
0.0653686523,
0.1546630859,
0.5576171875,
-0.1727294922,
-0.3090820312,
-0.689453125,
0.3154296875,
1.052734375,
0.787109375,
-0.0991821289,
-0.1281738281,
-0.0990600586,
0.6337890625,
1.123046875,
-1.34765625,
-1.0078125,
0.716796875,
0.4167480469,
-0.6909179688,
0.5478515625,
0.697265625,
-0.0597839355,
-0.330078125,
2.259765625,
0.0784301758,
0.3073730469,
0.0499572754,
-0.2319335938,
-0.4245605469,
-0.1021118164,
0.4873046875,
-1.068359375,
0.0423583984,
0.0444946289,
0.3344726562,
0.7524414062,
0.3698730469,
-0.5083007812,
0.2978515625,
-0.8413085938,
-0.0242767334,
1.095703125,
0.3806152344,
-0.3020019531,
0.0974731445,
-1.1083984375,
-0.3374023438,
-0.9189453125,
-0.0784912109,
0.1668701172,
1.1806640625,
0.3911132812,
-0.2653808594,
0.3981933594,
-0.4875488281,
0.0277404785,
-0.0506591797,
-0.6791992188,
0.4289550781,
-0.5249023438,
0.79296875,
0.1947021484,
0.7534179688,
0.0054130554,
-0.8989257812,
0.4406738281,
-0.7578125,
-0.3371582031,
1.1513671875,
0.2551269531,
0.6801757812,
1.265625,
-0.6499023438,
-0.1146240234,
-0.4006347656,
-0.3063964844,
0.0745849609,
0.4050292969,
-0.0972900391,
-0.0539245605,
0.166015625,
-0.1536865234,
-1.59375,
-0.1608886719,
0.7495117188,
-0.6489257812,
-0.1260986328,
-0.2312011719,
0.1854248047,
-0.9018554688,
-1.2158203125,
-1.0634765625,
0.5439453125,
0.3439941406,
-0.3095703125,
0.126953125,
0.1839599609,
1.65234375,
0.4279785156,
0.1130371094,
-0.3029785156,
-0.0241241455,
-0.74609375,
0.0475463867,
-0.2399902344,
-0.1052856445,
0.0865478516,
-0.0505371094,
0.763671875,
-0.4450683594,
0.0855712891,
-0.051940918,
-0.0092468262,
-0.8364257812,
-0.2117919922,
-1.548828125,
-0.0379943848,
0.0552368164,
-0.1549072266,
-0.1096801758,
-0.4191894531,
-0.3547363281,
1.177734375,
-0.1931152344,
0.5200195312,
0.9506835938,
0.544921875,
-0.5717773438,
-0.4514160156,
0.4523925781,
-0.6127929688,
-0.3110351562,
-0.5053710938,
0.564453125,
1.255859375,
-0.5068359375,
1.2392578125,
0.034942627,
-0.1727294922,
0.9604492188,
-0.4602050781,
-0.7836914062,
0.4926757812,
-0.1970214844,
-0.2420654297,
-0.509765625,
0.330078125,
1.1572265625,
0.0508422852,
0.2069091797,
-0.4265136719,
-0.4514160156,
0.0845336914,
0.576171875,
0.8657226562,
0.3552246094,
1.09765625,
0.0251464844,
0.4782714844,
0.2585449219,
0.595703125,
0.521484375,
1.4365234375,
1.541015625,
0.1668701172,
-0.3425292969,
1.19921875,
-0.6645507812,
-0.2418212891,
0.6352539062,
0.2189941406,
-0.513671875,
0.1240844727,
-0.2602539062,
-0.953125,
0.5034179688,
-0.3935546875,
-0.3251953125,
-0.0093078613,
0.0290985107,
-0.658203125,
-0.0606994629,
0.3000488281,
-0.341796875,
-0.2476806641,
0.0966796875,
-0.1506347656,
0.3637695312,
-0.8344726562,
0.6904296875,
0.2198486328,
-0.7275390625,
-0.7001953125,
0.2668457031,
0.0470581055,
0.0344238281,
-0.3352050781,
-0.2768554688,
0.2849121094,
-0.0817260742,
0.2381591797,
-0.2761230469,
0.662109375,
0.3293457031,
-0.7377929688,
-0.8081054688,
-0.9609375,
-0.2526855469,
-0.2181396484,
0.3098144531,
0.3999023438,
0.5512695312,
-0.0811157227,
-1.6669921875,
0.1549072266,
0.9047851562,
-0.2137451172,
0.421875,
-0.2905273438,
-0.0294342041,
0.427734375,
0.3955078125,
-0.9838867188,
-0.0426940918,
0.6684570312,
0.8759765625,
0.3566894531,
0.4604492188,
-0.2473144531,
0.775390625,
-1.2646484375,
0.3310546875,
0.5307617188,
-0.2379150391,
-0.896484375,
-0.2086181641,
-2.115234375,
0.0750732422,
0.9375,
0.4399414062,
0.5634765625,
0.8974609375,
0.5419921875,
-0.9326171875,
-0.0181732178,
-0.2269287109,
-0.5625,
-0.6899414062,
-0.6181640625,
0.7875976562,
0.1469726562,
1.150390625,
0.1479492188,
-0.90234375,
1.2578125,
0.4572753906,
0.0006480217,
0.3920898438,
-0.4946289062,
-1.283203125,
0.208984375,
0.8227539062,
0.0244445801,
1.0654296875,
0.8759765625,
-1.7841796875,
0.4318847656,
0.7963867188,
-0.177734375,
0.1314697266,
-0.7924804688,
-0.431640625,
0.0379638672,
-0.6000976562,
-0.8647460938,
1.28515625,
-0.4973144531,
1.533203125,
0.116027832,
0.6499023438,
-0.1535644531,
-0.0809326172,
1.7314453125,
0.7094726562,
0.2951660156,
-0.8647460938,
-0.55078125,
0.9077148438,
-0.1593017578,
-0.2622070312,
1.0732421875,
-0.3393554688,
-1.0185546875,
-1.513671875,
0.0412597656,
-0.8061523438,
1.2626953125,
-0.5288085938,
-0.1204833984,
-0.2612304688,
0.0394897461,
-0.7236328125,
-0.3508300781,
-0.8212890625,
0.9755859375,
-0.3076171875,
0.3920898438,
0.9125976562,
0.3037109375,
-1.1474609375,
-0.3935546875,
-1.0908203125,
-1.4912109375,
-0.3422851562,
-0.0492248535,
-0.7983398438,
-0.3259277344,
0.98828125,
0.625,
-0.4516601562,
0.5756835938,
-0.6826171875,
-0.2668457031,
-0.3701171875,
0.294921875,
0.0609436035,
-1.4287109375,
-0.7255859375,
-0.2612304688,
0.1751708984,
-0.6235351562,
0.1966552734,
-0.3679199219,
-0.814453125,
0.9213867188,
1.2587890625,
0.6557617188,
-0.0442199707,
1.16015625,
-0.4382324219,
0.0575256348,
-0.1502685547,
1.1875,
0.7626953125,
-0.0232849121,
-0.3647460938,
-0.8833007812,
-0.3542480469,
-0.2136230469,
0.2163085938,
-0.6479492188,
-0.931640625,
-0.0294494629,
0.4375,
-0.2094726562,
0.396484375,
1.0009765625,
-0.6127929688,
-0.8608398438,
0.2316894531,
0.2178955078,
-0.0825805664,
-0.1511230469,
1.2626953125,
0.6103515625,
0.2344970703,
-0.1737060547,
-0.6708984375,
-0.0571594238,
0.4938964844,
-0.4982910156,
0.2397460938,
-0.3132324219,
-0.8881835938,
-0.52734375,
1.02734375,
0.1512451172,
-0.0199737549,
-0.0404968262,
-0.697265625,
-0.1201171875,
0.2924804688,
0.623046875,
0.0471801758,
0.5581054688,
0.4235839844,
1.4150390625,
-0.2299804688,
0.0961914062,
0.3381347656,
-0.6196289062,
0.1622314453,
-0.2098388672,
-0.0423583984,
-0.607421875,
0.54296875,
0.6381835938,
-1.43359375,
0.0796508789,
-0.0446472168,
0.1248779297,
-0.5717773438,
-0.1885986328,
-0.1472167969,
1.201171875,
-1.158203125,
0.6098632812,
1.0693359375,
0.0895996094,
0.2077636719,
0.4138183594,
-0.0484008789,
0.4865722656,
0.4174804688,
-0.6909179688,
0.4689941406,
0.1944580078,
0.541015625,
-0.5668945312,
-0.5234375,
0.3908691406,
-1.4296875,
-0.1871337891,
-0.1129760742,
0.1807861328,
0.4089355469,
0.529296875,
0.8364257812,
0.6733398438,
0.1414794922,
0.1798095703,
0.3454589844,
-0.9321289062,
-0.4211425781,
0.2299804688,
0.017578125,
0.3217773438,
-0.1568603516,
-0.3454589844,
0.3293457031,
0.2834472656,
-0.0000443459,
1.1396484375,
-0.036315918,
-0.7626953125,
-0.9604492188,
-0.8447265625,
0.4294433594,
0.7763671875,
-0.056427002,
-0.4855957031,
0.4750976562,
1.591796875,
0.5419921875,
0.544921875,
0.8193359375,
-0.5268554688,
0.2600097656,
-0.6645507812,
0.4877929688,
-0.0985717773,
-0.8833007812,
0.7250976562,
0.2719726562,
-0.2858886719,
-0.4338378906,
-0.8857421875,
-0.1689453125,
-0.1485595703,
-0.0306854248,
-0.1376953125,
0.1174316406,
0.1340332031,
0.205078125,
-0.7583007812,
-0.1346435547,
0.1810302734,
0.0593566895,
1.0107421875,
-0.098449707,
-0.6313476562,
-0.1379394531,
-0.3024902344,
-0.5502929688,
-0.3984375,
0.591796875,
-0.3293457031,
0.8012695312,
-0.6943359375,
-0.0841674805,
-0.6103515625,
-0.6323242188,
0.0232391357,
-0.3693847656,
-1.62109375,
-0.5166015625,
0.080871582,
-0.114440918,
0.5434570312,
-0.0231628418,
0.4758300781,
0.5615234375,
0.2905273438,
-0.5786132812,
-0.1801757812,
-0.3764648438,
-0.9560546875,
0.2556152344,
-0.0227661133,
1.1376953125,
0.662109375,
0.4438476562,
0.1456298828,
0.1613769531,
0.826171875,
0.4597167969,
0.0596618652,
-0.271484375,
-0.2249755859,
0.2113037109,
-0.4104003906,
0.092590332,
-0.2104492188,
0.23828125,
-1.0078125,
0.3859863281,
-0.41015625,
-0.83984375,
-0.9028320312,
-0.25390625,
0.0982055664,
1.3779296875,
-0.3540039062,
0.1693115234,
-0.6611328125,
0.3154296875,
-0.5732421875,
0.1743164062,
0.0071411133,
0.4755859375,
-0.7651367188,
-0.8159179688,
0.5083007812,
0.0003256798,
-0.3051757812,
0.0299072266,
-0.5732421875,
0.0713500977,
1.18359375,
0.2648925781,
-0.4475097656,
-0.9106445312,
1.1259765625,
0.8393554688,
0.1267089844,
0.1544189453,
-0.6430664062,
0.4916992188,
0.1368408203,
-12.9375,
-2.859375,
0.8002929688,
0.5815429688,
-0.7685546875,
0.501953125,
-0.0734863281,
-1.158203125,
0.1545410156,
-0.6640625,
0.9516601562,
1.0546875,
-0.2890625,
-0.7734375,
0.662109375,
-0.2866210938,
0.1246337891,
-0.8662109375,
-0.421875,
0.023727417,
0.3073730469,
0.7221679688,
-0.486328125,
0.1978759766,
-0.1431884766,
-0.3188476562,
1.23828125,
-0.8896484375,
0.0795898438,
1.12109375,
-0.1263427734,
0.1605224609,
-0.0783081055,
0.1766357422,
-0.8442382812,
0.2863769531,
0.8168945312,
0.7866210938,
-0.0711669922,
-0.3083496094,
-0.412109375,
-0.5009765625,
-0.8193359375,
-0.5888671875,
0.3837890625,
0.5244140625,
-0.6748046875,
-0.2152099609,
-0.525390625,
-0.9916992188,
0.763671875,
0.8813476562,
0.5263671875,
0.2253417969,
-1.083984375,
-0.4108886719,
-0.7270507812,
0.5595703125,
-0.2325439453,
0.3103027344,
-0.6030273438,
0.4877929688,
0.962890625,
-0.1107177734,
-0.4020996094,
-0.5522460938,
-1.109375,
-0.75390625,
-0.1351318359,
-0.1909179688,
0.5483398438,
-0.3374023438,
1.8125,
0.39453125,
-1.037109375,
0.1287841797,
0.9169921875,
-0.2344970703,
-0.0437927246,
0.328125,
-0.4035644531,
0.0092926025
] |
As the extent of the common tangent was limited by the extent of the initial wavefront, the repeated application of Huygens's construction to a plane wavefront of limited extent (in a uniform medium) gave a straight, parallel beam. While this construction indeed predicted rectilinear propagation, it was difficult to reconcile with the common observation that wavefronts on the surface of water can bend around obstructions, and with the similar behavior of sound waves – causing Newton to maintain, to the end of his life, that if light consisted of waves it would "bend and spread every way" into the shadows. Huygens's theory neatly explained the law of ordinary reflection and the law of ordinary refraction ("Snell's law"), provided that the secondary waves traveled slower in denser media (those of higher refractive index). The corpuscular theory, with the hypothesis that the corpuscles were subject to forces acting perpendicular to surfaces, explained the same laws equally well, albeit with the implication that light traveled faster in denser media; that implication was wrong, but could not be directly disproven with the technology of Newton's time or even Fresnel's time . Similarly inconclusive was stellar aberration—that is, the apparent change in the position of a star due to the velocity of the earth across the line of sight (not to be confused with stellar parallax, which is due to the displacement of the earth across the line of sight). Identified by James Bradley in 1728, stellar aberration was widely taken as confirmation of the corpuscular theory. | [
-0.4299316406,
0.283203125,
-0.6147460938,
-0.3395996094,
-0.2946777344,
-0.1546630859,
0.837890625,
-0.3020019531,
0.5322265625,
0.4929199219,
-0.2331542969,
-0.4582519531,
-0.1806640625,
-0.521484375,
0.1132202148,
-0.2524414062,
-0.0145263672,
-0.6708984375,
0.0856933594,
0.1657714844,
-0.5717773438,
-0.1072387695,
-0.3308105469,
-1.0546875,
-0.8081054688,
-0.4743652344,
0.2137451172,
0.3564453125,
-0.2281494141,
-0.1260986328,
0.58984375,
0.1652832031,
-0.1895751953,
-0.1588134766,
-0.1920166016,
0.9008789062,
-0.2934570312,
0.3115234375,
-0.83984375,
0.2476806641,
-0.515625,
-0.251953125,
-0.6918945312,
-0.5107421875,
0.2641601562,
-0.2626953125,
-0.15625,
0.6591796875,
-0.1550292969,
-1.3330078125,
-0.0989990234,
-0.3225097656,
0.0905761719,
-0.3793945312,
-0.4919433594,
-1.3466796875,
-0.1998291016,
-0.3930664062,
0.7255859375,
0.5703125,
-0.4487304688,
0.2504882812,
-0.873046875,
-0.8090820312,
1.0556640625,
0.0317993164,
-0.3344726562,
-0.6357421875,
-0.0894165039,
0.603515625,
-0.634765625,
-0.4489746094,
-0.0006771088,
-1.0615234375,
-0.6767578125,
-0.5073242188,
-2.095703125,
0.1285400391,
0.5454101562,
0.916015625,
-0.3344726562,
-0.6181640625,
-0.1488037109,
-0.515625,
-1.015625,
0.0960083008,
0.1791992188,
0.0024604797,
-0.888671875,
1.1611328125,
-0.1785888672,
-0.6137695312,
-0.7451171875,
0.4421386719,
-0.0299987793,
0.1133422852,
-0.734375,
-1.6318359375,
-0.380859375,
-0.7973632812,
0.1243286133,
-1.119140625,
0.859375,
0.0779418945,
-0.0350646973,
0.6811523438,
0.0377807617,
-0.4274902344,
0.544921875,
0.4033203125,
0.0072174072,
-0.4775390625,
0.1378173828,
-0.4213867188,
-1.1220703125,
0.9067382812,
-0.4460449219,
-0.3610839844,
-0.4907226562,
0.0466918945,
0.3815917969,
0.3962402344,
0.3493652344,
-0.3583984375,
0.3596191406,
0.8271484375,
0.2027587891,
-0.400390625,
0.0684204102,
0.5102539062,
0.0426025391,
-0.1635742188,
0.0436096191,
-0.0531921387,
-0.3012695312,
-0.5576171875,
-0.4799804688,
-0.2565917969,
0.7001953125,
-0.140625,
0.1383056641,
-0.51953125,
0.3237304688,
0.6298828125,
-0.337890625,
-0.3354492188,
-0.51171875,
0.1167602539,
-0.3395996094,
0.2320556641,
-0.9389648438,
0.0510253906,
0.408203125,
-0.3081054688,
-0.0999755859,
0.4951171875,
-0.4462890625,
0.1530761719,
-0.9340820312,
-0.732421875,
-0.4389648438,
-0.0491333008,
-0.6865234375,
-0.4387207031,
0.1126098633,
0.740234375,
-0.2993164062,
0.1029663086,
-0.7749023438,
0.80078125,
-0.2219238281,
0.2758789062,
0.0659790039,
0.2391357422,
0.3720703125,
-0.4494628906,
0.6938476562,
-0.8559570312,
-0.5146484375,
0.8090820312,
0.1391601562,
-0.97265625,
0.1756591797,
-0.8022460938,
0.548828125,
0.0912475586,
0.5874023438,
0.6381835938,
-0.3017578125,
-0.0233612061,
-0.2668457031,
1.30078125,
-0.5668945312,
-0.3447265625,
-0.1494140625,
0.9174804688,
-1.0068359375,
-0.0423278809,
0.5473632812,
-0.2873535156,
-0.5180664062,
0.4499511719,
1.1328125,
0.4453125,
0.2668457031,
-0.3493652344,
0.56640625,
-0.5751953125,
0.6040039062,
0.6904296875,
0.1851806641,
0.830078125,
-0.2758789062,
0.65625,
0.369140625,
0.2551269531,
0.2191162109,
0.1225585938,
0.5092773438,
-1.01953125,
0.3059082031,
0.296875,
-0.578125,
0.9858398438,
-0.6850585938,
-0.1243896484,
-0.2971191406,
1.6884765625,
0.564453125,
-0.31640625,
0.3090820312,
-0.6010742188,
-0.7407226562,
-0.0470275879,
0.1752929688,
-0.267578125,
-0.5219726562,
-1.861328125,
0.0369567871,
-0.7265625,
-0.0560913086,
-0.0304107666,
0.5493164062,
-0.2380371094,
0.0518188477,
-0.5654296875,
-0.0693359375,
-0.2116699219,
-0.5341796875,
0.5405273438,
-0.4060058594,
0.0908203125,
0.3366699219,
0.7529296875,
-0.7416992188,
1.03125,
-0.6430664062,
-0.1655273438,
-0.8100585938,
0.7158203125,
-0.6928710938,
0.2609863281,
1.0234375,
-0.1916503906,
0.546875,
-0.0463867188,
0.4624023438,
0.1293945312,
0.0325012207,
0.708984375,
0.4118652344,
-0.4680175781,
-0.4636230469,
-0.2216796875,
0.3876953125,
0.1123657227,
-0.3935546875,
-0.8520507812,
0.8344726562,
-0.4453125,
0.2712402344,
-0.7583007812,
-0.7900390625,
-0.7641601562,
1.0732421875,
1.3076171875,
0.8969726562,
-0.462890625,
-0.0908203125,
1.4140625,
0.8139648438,
-0.3955078125,
-0.8315429688,
0.7783203125,
0.4321289062,
-0.3630371094,
0.3259277344,
-0.4846191406,
-0.2486572266,
-0.1375732422,
0.6572265625,
0.2724609375,
0.4777832031,
0.3879394531,
0.6030273438,
0.9794921875,
-0.3315429688,
0.0584716797,
-0.6733398438,
-0.0680541992,
0.2462158203,
0.2836914062,
-0.2531738281,
-0.1184082031,
-0.3137207031,
-0.5791015625,
0.7001953125,
-0.4682617188,
0.3527832031,
0.0971679688,
-0.2976074219,
0.1740722656,
0.3195800781,
-0.3259277344,
0.3178710938,
0.3498535156,
-0.2088623047,
-1.1103515625,
-0.6787109375,
0.2509765625,
0.39453125,
0.01512146,
-0.1351318359,
1.4296875,
-0.1196899414,
0.0950927734,
-0.0877075195,
-0.0344848633,
0.333984375,
-0.162109375,
0.0474853516,
0.1862792969,
-1.0029296875,
0.010307312,
0.7138671875,
0.1696777344,
-1.59765625,
-0.1143188477,
0.6645507812,
0.0556945801,
-0.1084594727,
0.6162109375,
-0.4321289062,
-0.6669921875,
-0.3415527344,
0.2849121094,
-0.2177734375,
-0.1545410156,
0.1843261719,
-0.2200927734,
-0.0979614258,
-0.390625,
-0.572265625,
-0.5600585938,
-1.0419921875,
-0.7880859375,
0.2449951172,
0.1596679688,
0.4753417969,
-0.1223144531,
-0.5131835938,
0.5083007812,
-0.9609375,
-0.1721191406,
0.0594177246,
-0.3442382812,
-0.8647460938,
-0.1800537109,
-0.7602539062,
-0.2181396484,
-1.0146484375,
-0.515625,
-0.82421875,
-0.435546875,
0.4545898438,
0.6899414062,
-0.4162597656,
0.4716796875,
-0.4255371094,
0.6772460938,
0.9526367188,
0.2464599609,
-0.6015625,
-0.4494628906,
-0.5092773438,
0.80078125,
0.3732910156,
-1.384765625,
-0.8032226562,
-0.3115234375,
0.2995605469,
-1.4296875,
-0.1733398438,
0.2049560547,
-0.0153961182,
0.3806152344,
1.5615234375,
0.1763916016,
0.4367675781,
-0.0906982422,
-0.3571777344,
-0.1109619141,
0.0534667969,
1.0341796875,
-0.8696289062,
0.3937988281,
0.4995117188,
-0.564453125,
0.0595703125,
0.1829833984,
-0.2301025391,
-0.9184570312,
0.2136230469,
0.6586914062,
0.98046875,
0.1850585938,
-0.8090820312,
0.1462402344,
-0.0243225098,
-0.1539306641,
-0.0473022461,
0.2883300781,
-0.1447753906,
0.2401123047,
0.3061523438,
0.0704956055,
0.0818481445,
-0.1805419922,
-0.2307128906,
-0.0862426758,
-0.7846679688,
0.3911132812,
-0.5825195312,
1.09765625,
0.4990234375,
0.564453125,
0.0381774902,
-1.23828125,
-0.1833496094,
-0.1005249023,
-0.8388671875,
0.6083984375,
-0.2575683594,
0.6147460938,
1.0390625,
-0.5122070312,
0.0440063477,
0.0874633789,
0.1575927734,
0.3159179688,
0.2827148438,
0.2484130859,
0.3999023438,
0.6655273438,
0.0613098145,
-1.6083984375,
-1.033203125,
1.46875,
-0.9296875,
-0.88671875,
-0.1455078125,
-0.3859863281,
-1.1455078125,
-0.435546875,
-0.1094970703,
0.1295166016,
-0.1414794922,
-0.705078125,
0.2083740234,
0.1000366211,
1.361328125,
0.98046875,
0.4011230469,
-0.2406005859,
-0.548828125,
-0.4475097656,
-0.1568603516,
0.1520996094,
0.6416015625,
-0.3974609375,
0.931640625,
0.3552246094,
0.3337402344,
0.0031795502,
-0.0728149414,
0.369140625,
-1.408203125,
0.1078491211,
-1.2646484375,
-0.1567382812,
0.049041748,
-0.2039794922,
0.1561279297,
-0.3217773438,
-0.2149658203,
1.0390625,
-0.073059082,
0.2004394531,
1.61328125,
0.427734375,
-0.625,
-0.71875,
0.4880371094,
0.1495361328,
-0.1717529297,
-0.5327148438,
0.7045898438,
1.197265625,
-0.4995117188,
0.8974609375,
0.267578125,
0.4377441406,
0.1528320312,
-0.6850585938,
-0.7778320312,
0.7045898438,
0.1647949219,
-0.2583007812,
-0.4580078125,
-0.2639160156,
0.6088867188,
-0.1883544922,
0.1611328125,
-0.7036132812,
-0.7392578125,
0.2042236328,
0.705078125,
1.458984375,
0.6201171875,
0.1655273438,
0.2580566406,
0.025390625,
-0.1467285156,
-0.0748901367,
0.5473632812,
1.7060546875,
0.896484375,
-0.0609130859,
-0.298828125,
0.4111328125,
-0.7465820312,
-0.0070343018,
0.5268554688,
0.2551269531,
-0.5815429688,
-0.0341491699,
-0.2315673828,
-0.62109375,
0.8559570312,
-0.2946777344,
-0.3522949219,
-0.1879882812,
-0.1499023438,
-1.15234375,
-0.0814819336,
-0.095703125,
-0.7036132812,
0.1510009766,
-0.3928222656,
-0.3601074219,
0.1710205078,
-0.75390625,
0.6811523438,
0.4897460938,
-1.1826171875,
-0.349609375,
-0.0200805664,
0.034942627,
-0.1359863281,
-0.1047973633,
0.112487793,
-0.5688476562,
0.1237792969,
0.3662109375,
-0.4345703125,
0.8500976562,
0.2895507812,
-0.5244140625,
-0.91796875,
-0.7514648438,
-0.4636230469,
-0.3859863281,
0.51171875,
0.2131347656,
0.9760742188,
-0.1831054688,
-1.9345703125,
-0.1665039062,
0.2457275391,
0.2132568359,
0.1507568359,
0.1668701172,
-0.0667114258,
0.8627929688,
0.5708007812,
-0.5087890625,
0.6328125,
0.5502929688,
0.7758789062,
0.404296875,
0.0650634766,
0.0324401855,
0.3845214844,
-0.5454101562,
0.2136230469,
0.7612304688,
-0.724609375,
-0.71875,
-0.1977539062,
-1.74609375,
-0.0735473633,
0.1993408203,
0.419921875,
0.6303710938,
0.955078125,
0.1452636719,
-0.1632080078,
0.019821167,
-0.4836425781,
-0.0247955322,
-0.2299804688,
-0.8032226562,
0.5366210938,
0.4501953125,
0.1802978516,
0.106262207,
-0.2453613281,
1.0634765625,
0.5205078125,
0.1772460938,
0.5859375,
-0.5112304688,
-0.763671875,
-0.0312805176,
1.0830078125,
-0.1111450195,
0.5932617188,
0.2108154297,
-1.0859375,
0.470703125,
0.5927734375,
-0.2237548828,
-0.1025390625,
-0.9013671875,
-0.2309570312,
0.208984375,
-0.4714355469,
-0.400390625,
1.1298828125,
-0.3688964844,
1.1689453125,
-0.75,
0.7783203125,
-0.1569824219,
-0.0563354492,
1.2119140625,
0.3571777344,
0.1419677734,
-0.6293945312,
-0.4887695312,
-0.0997314453,
-0.7578125,
-0.5737304688,
0.943359375,
-0.0308380127,
-0.7705078125,
-0.5073242188,
0.0837402344,
-0.8974609375,
1.017578125,
-0.1350097656,
0.1634521484,
-0.1074829102,
0.3916015625,
-0.3078613281,
-0.4682617188,
-0.7192382812,
0.6567382812,
-0.0791625977,
-0.2629394531,
0.349609375,
0.9560546875,
-1.59765625,
-0.1205444336,
-1.0302734375,
-1.2099609375,
-0.0372314453,
0.4768066406,
-0.8862304688,
0.1033935547,
0.8012695312,
0.3054199219,
-0.6318359375,
0.3305664062,
0.2998046875,
0.0342712402,
0.2587890625,
0.1369628906,
0.697265625,
-1.1318359375,
-0.8471679688,
-0.4594726562,
1.142578125,
0.1423339844,
0.2819824219,
-0.1927490234,
0.0144042969,
0.7744140625,
0.939453125,
0.6831054688,
-0.443359375,
0.2408447266,
-0.287109375,
-0.032623291,
0.0281829834,
1.138671875,
0.6088867188,
0.0214233398,
-0.9594726562,
-0.4953613281,
0.0678100586,
0.0706787109,
0.3410644531,
-0.9213867188,
-0.732421875,
0.3791503906,
0.5146484375,
-0.013633728,
0.4638671875,
0.9140625,
-0.1910400391,
-1.1982421875,
0.6474609375,
-0.009552002,
0.035949707,
-0.2600097656,
1.1767578125,
0.0287475586,
0.0029125214,
-0.3759765625,
-0.978515625,
0.3024902344,
1.1455078125,
-0.98046875,
0.0230102539,
-0.2326660156,
-0.5229492188,
0.1115112305,
0.86328125,
-0.1197509766,
0.0353088379,
-0.2998046875,
-0.2749023438,
-0.2553710938,
0.02784729,
0.2042236328,
-0.1199951172,
0.4331054688,
0.0400695801,
0.8295898438,
-0.4521484375,
0.4226074219,
0.0579528809,
-0.2744140625,
-0.3452148438,
0.026184082,
0.1052856445,
-0.9213867188,
0.923828125,
0.0107727051,
-0.8422851562,
-0.0475463867,
-0.244140625,
-0.1264648438,
-0.1658935547,
-0.1662597656,
-0.2236328125,
1.337890625,
-0.7866210938,
0.2120361328,
0.5751953125,
0.7197265625,
0.5278320312,
0.5483398438,
-0.0582885742,
0.5131835938,
-0.0353393555,
-0.9311523438,
0.556640625,
-0.5258789062,
0.421875,
-0.0673217773,
-0.6342773438,
-0.4392089844,
-1.04296875,
-0.490234375,
-0.2761230469,
0.0087890625,
0.0284881592,
0.2915039062,
0.470703125,
0.3342285156,
-0.5073242188,
-0.29296875,
0.78515625,
-0.7026367188,
0.8046875,
-0.2956542969,
0.1413574219,
0.0625610352,
0.16796875,
-0.106628418,
0.705078125,
0.4873046875,
0.8486328125,
0.81640625,
-0.3547363281,
-0.82421875,
-0.99609375,
-0.2883300781,
-0.0892944336,
0.69921875,
-0.0767211914,
-0.7734375,
0.3552246094,
1.0341796875,
0.380859375,
0.2800292969,
0.8837890625,
-0.5366210938,
0.0202484131,
-0.0881347656,
0.3742675781,
-0.2036132812,
-1.248046875,
0.3493652344,
0.259765625,
-0.1143798828,
0.6962890625,
-0.7543945312,
-0.0189361572,
0.3610839844,
0.056427002,
-0.1193847656,
0.0424499512,
0.3286132812,
-0.024230957,
-0.5869140625,
-0.0693969727,
0.4655761719,
0.2397460938,
0.9252929688,
-0.1845703125,
-0.020690918,
0.0436096191,
-0.791015625,
-0.2531738281,
-0.3911132812,
0.1418457031,
0.7895507812,
0.6567382812,
-0.5029296875,
-0.0510559082,
-0.7822265625,
-0.6186523438,
-0.1407470703,
0.2008056641,
-0.8901367188,
-1.0390625,
0.1422119141,
-0.3044433594,
0.1724853516,
0.56640625,
0.5693359375,
0.9814453125,
0.1846923828,
-0.2924804688,
-0.537109375,
-0.5122070312,
-1.2939453125,
-0.2380371094,
0.2893066406,
1.0185546875,
0.5166015625,
-0.0874023438,
0.2395019531,
0.7211914062,
0.9301757812,
0.0859985352,
-0.5854492188,
0.0749511719,
0.3708496094,
0.1053466797,
-0.4990234375,
0.4106445312,
-0.455078125,
0.5209960938,
-0.9697265625,
1.029296875,
0.2292480469,
-1.2578125,
-0.6147460938,
-0.7563476562,
0.0619812012,
0.501953125,
-0.0139160156,
-0.1312255859,
-0.8076171875,
0.6254882812,
0.2414550781,
-0.6147460938,
0.2447509766,
-0.2182617188,
-0.2244873047,
-0.2585449219,
0.65625,
0.5053710938,
-0.1890869141,
0.046295166,
-0.3913574219,
-0.0637817383,
0.9990234375,
0.4997558594,
-0.3391113281,
-0.0256652832,
1.1953125,
0.5205078125,
-0.1341552734,
0.3173828125,
-1.0048828125,
0.8388671875,
0.8666992188,
-14.578125,
-2.138671875,
0.4653320312,
0.1743164062,
-0.361328125,
0.3215332031,
0.3166503906,
-0.7075195312,
-0.2321777344,
-0.2425537109,
0.3735351562,
1.7138671875,
-0.3928222656,
-1.1513671875,
0.322265625,
-1.1962890625,
0.2778320312,
0.4028320312,
-0.3771972656,
0.6440429688,
0.2467041016,
0.2666015625,
-0.2170410156,
0.5795898438,
-0.8017578125,
-0.4055175781,
0.5971679688,
-0.3322753906,
-0.1448974609,
0.8701171875,
0.0466918945,
-0.2697753906,
-0.2956542969,
0.8120117188,
-0.3195800781,
-0.1038818359,
0.4968261719,
0.2739257812,
0.16796875,
-0.3041992188,
-0.6513671875,
-0.2902832031,
-0.7827148438,
-0.1190185547,
0.3012695312,
0.359375,
-0.66015625,
-1.044921875,
-0.4291992188,
-0.7983398438,
1.1875,
0.5083007812,
0.6313476562,
0.1433105469,
-1.3193359375,
-1.03515625,
-0.6176757812,
0.1834716797,
-0.4033203125,
-0.0199584961,
-0.7646484375,
1.1796875,
1.1318359375,
-0.1408691406,
-0.421875,
-0.6459960938,
-1.197265625,
-0.849609375,
-0.849609375,
-0.2294921875,
0.1982421875,
0.4506835938,
1.2353515625,
-0.0713500977,
-0.5888671875,
0.2856445312,
0.8642578125,
-0.6474609375,
0.568359375,
0.1809082031,
-0.1843261719,
-0.1074829102
] |
But it was equally compatible with the wave theory, as Euler noted in 1746 – tacitly assuming that the aether (the supposed wave-bearing medium) near the earth was not disturbed by the motion of the earth. The outstanding strength of Huygens's theory was his explanation of the birefringence (double refraction) of "Iceland crystal" (transparent calcite), on the assumption that the secondary waves are spherical for the ordinary refraction (which satisfies Snell's law) and spheroidal for the extraordinary refraction (which does not). In general, Huygens's common-tangent construction implies that rays are paths of least time between successive positions of the wavefront, in accordance with Fermat's principle. In the special case of isotropic media, the secondary wavefronts must be spherical, and Huygens's construction then implies that the rays are perpendicular to the wavefront; indeed, the law of ordinary refraction can be separately derived from that premise, as Ignace-Gaston Pardies did before Huygens. Although Newton rejected the wave theory, he noticed its potential to explain colors, including the colors of "thin plates" (e.g., "Newton's rings", and the colors of skylight reflected in soap bubbles), on the assumption that light consists of periodic waves, with the lowest frequencies (longest wavelengths) at the red end of the spectrum, and the highest frequencies (shortest wavelengths) at the violet end. | [
-0.5380859375,
-0.060333252,
0.0919189453,
-0.5473632812,
-0.4479980469,
0.40234375,
0.0552368164,
-0.3464355469,
0.7021484375,
0.7280273438,
-0.5634765625,
-0.1358642578,
-0.0809936523,
-0.927734375,
-0.067199707,
0.4682617188,
-0.2353515625,
-1.00390625,
0.0024585724,
0.0880126953,
-0.705078125,
-0.1904296875,
-0.2008056641,
-0.1494140625,
-1.06640625,
-0.4926757812,
-0.4223632812,
-0.4450683594,
-0.1324462891,
-0.0517883301,
-0.5283203125,
0.1368408203,
0.0310516357,
-0.2292480469,
0.6215820312,
1.2333984375,
-0.0758056641,
-0.2020263672,
-0.2751464844,
0.0117721558,
-0.5405273438,
-0.1953125,
-1.1025390625,
-0.7158203125,
0.7749023438,
-0.603515625,
0.2069091797,
0.4250488281,
-0.4118652344,
-0.2371826172,
0.2037353516,
-0.5322265625,
0.1409912109,
-0.1656494141,
-0.1030273438,
-0.9091796875,
0.7309570312,
-0.673828125,
0.2551269531,
0.326171875,
0.0276947021,
0.5029296875,
-0.4477539062,
-0.5444335938,
1.087890625,
-0.7622070312,
0.0859375,
-0.1821289062,
-0.4206542969,
0.7109375,
-0.065612793,
-0.1374511719,
-0.2553710938,
-0.5541992188,
-0.67578125,
-0.2941894531,
-1.7578125,
0.0452270508,
0.2583007812,
0.9208984375,
-0.1876220703,
-1.3251953125,
-0.4553222656,
-0.8471679688,
-0.9584960938,
-0.2946777344,
0.1033325195,
-0.1214599609,
-0.5576171875,
1.1796875,
0.146484375,
-0.689453125,
-0.2680664062,
1.0224609375,
0.0899658203,
0.2365722656,
-0.7529296875,
-2.001953125,
-1.1904296875,
-0.5717773438,
0.3374023438,
-1.20703125,
0.6547851562,
0.2529296875,
-0.3334960938,
0.4616699219,
-0.0118026733,
-0.7495117188,
0.1486816406,
0.8427734375,
-0.2561035156,
-0.013633728,
0.29296875,
0.1437988281,
-0.9262695312,
0.3666992188,
-0.92578125,
-0.7197265625,
-0.431640625,
-0.77734375,
0.5302734375,
-0.0635375977,
-0.107421875,
-0.98046875,
0.4494628906,
0.8188476562,
-0.1899414062,
-0.0708007812,
-0.3056640625,
0.0447692871,
-0.447265625,
-0.2126464844,
0.3359375,
0.5815429688,
-0.8696289062,
-0.5869140625,
-0.0982055664,
-0.1446533203,
1.0517578125,
-0.2670898438,
0.1198730469,
-0.1802978516,
-0.1752929688,
0.0438842773,
-0.3586425781,
-0.2001953125,
0.5219726562,
0.4306640625,
-0.625,
0.2985839844,
-1.0498046875,
0.0500488281,
0.3000488281,
-0.8500976562,
0.2758789062,
0.3234863281,
-0.0999755859,
0.505859375,
-0.3884277344,
-0.2492675781,
-0.4113769531,
-0.2885742188,
-1.076171875,
-0.203125,
0.2983398438,
0.1776123047,
-0.5590820312,
-0.9912109375,
-0.2463378906,
0.853515625,
-0.5805664062,
-0.0610656738,
0.517578125,
0.3559570312,
-0.3325195312,
0.3776855469,
0.4851074219,
-0.7119140625,
-0.1069335938,
0.3041992188,
0.7734375,
-0.5454101562,
0.1511230469,
-1.1767578125,
0.279296875,
-0.0589904785,
-0.1988525391,
0.4719238281,
-0.4636230469,
0.1848144531,
-0.3068847656,
1.2109375,
-0.2427978516,
-0.4809570312,
-0.6772460938,
0.8461914062,
-0.7807617188,
0.1818847656,
0.5336914062,
-0.0001381636,
-0.2846679688,
0.9145507812,
0.9946289062,
0.2822265625,
0.4147949219,
-0.1452636719,
1.087890625,
0.0295715332,
-0.0951538086,
0.4790039062,
-0.4172363281,
0.0860595703,
0.1102294922,
-0.314453125,
1.5498046875,
-0.2165527344,
-0.4052734375,
-0.619140625,
0.2849121094,
-1.162109375,
-0.0900878906,
0.6010742188,
-1.2265625,
0.4750976562,
-0.2707519531,
0.236328125,
-0.0342407227,
1.1767578125,
0.40234375,
-0.3637695312,
-0.0950317383,
-0.4699707031,
-0.8813476562,
0.1470947266,
-0.1000976562,
0.5141601562,
0.1791992188,
-2.212890625,
-1.0029296875,
-0.51953125,
-0.0639038086,
-0.0874023438,
0.2209472656,
-0.1806640625,
-0.3696289062,
-0.5185546875,
0.2827148438,
-0.259765625,
-0.693359375,
0.8447265625,
0.0232849121,
0.1000976562,
0.0330505371,
-0.2469482422,
0.1091918945,
0.5009765625,
-0.2971191406,
0.2185058594,
-0.6713867188,
0.26953125,
-0.1525878906,
0.4523925781,
1.060546875,
-0.5107421875,
0.9057617188,
-0.15234375,
-0.3295898438,
-0.0856933594,
-0.2829589844,
0.0612792969,
0.6635742188,
-0.8706054688,
0.1212158203,
-0.2380371094,
0.4738769531,
0.5268554688,
-0.1373291016,
-0.9750976562,
0.3942871094,
-0.3073730469,
0.1607666016,
-0.7602539062,
-0.2416992188,
-0.3181152344,
0.95703125,
0.4719238281,
0.6069335938,
0.1882324219,
0.3322753906,
1.3935546875,
0.74609375,
0.302734375,
-0.71875,
0.2971191406,
0.55859375,
-0.0911254883,
-0.0001580715,
-0.1951904297,
-0.6948242188,
0.0216217041,
0.3876953125,
0.6259765625,
0.1398925781,
0.5815429688,
0.1705322266,
0.7661132812,
-0.1245117188,
0.46875,
-0.4294433594,
-0.3623046875,
1.0224609375,
0.2761230469,
-0.1560058594,
-0.7856445312,
-0.6245117188,
-0.341796875,
0.73046875,
-0.2553710938,
0.283203125,
-0.1790771484,
-0.3666992188,
0.2883300781,
0.1876220703,
-0.1989746094,
-0.0864257812,
0.65625,
0.0988769531,
-0.5263671875,
-0.5771484375,
0.0361328125,
0.5004882812,
-0.2641601562,
0.2412109375,
0.8559570312,
-0.4165039062,
0.0243377686,
0.056854248,
0.6806640625,
-0.2056884766,
-0.2169189453,
-0.2768554688,
-0.0032482147,
-0.5234375,
0.2939453125,
0.4689941406,
0.7846679688,
-1.6767578125,
-0.2814941406,
0.5458984375,
-0.0626831055,
0.4748535156,
-0.1525878906,
-0.5717773438,
-0.1815185547,
-0.140625,
0.1662597656,
-0.1931152344,
-0.8740234375,
0.0786743164,
0.0375061035,
-0.0351257324,
-0.2932128906,
-0.3217773438,
-0.330078125,
-0.5659179688,
-0.2700195312,
0.5322265625,
-0.0070266724,
0.3898925781,
-0.4108886719,
-0.4079589844,
0.2404785156,
-1.0205078125,
-0.0758666992,
-0.2025146484,
-0.2360839844,
-0.791015625,
-0.1296386719,
-1.2578125,
-0.3618164062,
0.0157928467,
0.365234375,
-1.2900390625,
-0.5532226562,
0.9897460938,
0.1334228516,
-0.0631713867,
-0.3076171875,
-0.3002929688,
0.4672851562,
0.6572265625,
1.0380859375,
-0.3427734375,
-0.0129776001,
-0.4821777344,
0.615234375,
0.1895751953,
-1.423828125,
-0.59375,
0.0403747559,
0.0423583984,
-1.48828125,
-0.1027832031,
0.6171875,
0.1011352539,
0.0731811523,
1.59375,
-0.1486816406,
0.75,
-0.1434326172,
0.0728759766,
-0.1450195312,
-0.4033203125,
0.4682617188,
-0.6181640625,
0.4855957031,
0.5849609375,
-0.3962402344,
-0.4975585938,
-0.1944580078,
-0.5859375,
-0.2915039062,
0.2322998047,
-0.1652832031,
1.0966796875,
0.8134765625,
0.2059326172,
0.3146972656,
-0.1307373047,
-0.2919921875,
-0.0205383301,
0.3764648438,
-0.4816894531,
0.7436523438,
0.5380859375,
-0.0836791992,
-0.049987793,
0.2248535156,
0.2551269531,
-0.0279693604,
-0.1263427734,
1.2734375,
-0.3212890625,
0.4992675781,
0.6333007812,
0.1018676758,
-0.5405273438,
-0.5834960938,
0.0249176025,
-0.4755859375,
-0.4211425781,
0.6005859375,
0.0029392242,
0.9453125,
0.8344726562,
-0.5009765625,
-0.1095581055,
-0.0859985352,
0.1746826172,
-0.0748291016,
0.0176239014,
0.0698852539,
0.6508789062,
0.4243164062,
0.3391113281,
-0.7817382812,
-0.5434570312,
1.751953125,
-1.0029296875,
-0.5126953125,
0.0218353271,
-0.2690429688,
-0.6909179688,
-0.7104492188,
-0.2976074219,
0.0403747559,
0.4208984375,
0.1213378906,
0.7114257812,
0.1850585938,
1.5546875,
0.984375,
-0.0838012695,
0.4052734375,
0.1416015625,
-0.0720825195,
-0.4262695312,
0.42578125,
-0.3706054688,
-0.0938110352,
0.2153320312,
0.058807373,
0.0983886719,
0.0191802979,
0.0101013184,
-0.4909667969,
-1.236328125,
0.3937988281,
-1.12890625,
0.1832275391,
-0.4870605469,
-0.053314209,
-0.0184631348,
-0.6381835938,
-0.2230224609,
1.2861328125,
-0.26953125,
0.4306640625,
1.7939453125,
0.546875,
-0.4729003906,
-0.1427001953,
0.8798828125,
0.2327880859,
0.4772949219,
-0.1478271484,
0.0991821289,
0.6684570312,
-0.3000488281,
1.1201171875,
0.5234375,
0.0623779297,
0.0654296875,
-0.5283203125,
-1.396484375,
0.4765625,
0.4477539062,
-0.6044921875,
-1,
-0.033782959,
1.0947265625,
-0.5454101562,
0.3728027344,
0.0681762695,
-0.8383789062,
0.3308105469,
0.3784179688,
1.0537109375,
1.2109375,
0.2395019531,
0.3088378906,
0.3979492188,
-0.580078125,
0.1634521484,
-0.0540161133,
1.3525390625,
1.09375,
-0.2119140625,
-0.3798828125,
0.4375,
-0.1130371094,
-0.1420898438,
0.5703125,
0.2729492188,
-0.3862304688,
-0.9438476562,
-0.0280151367,
-0.2340087891,
0.6005859375,
-0.0913696289,
-0.3891601562,
0.0598754883,
0.2062988281,
-0.2252197266,
-0.2130126953,
-0.1442871094,
-0.4567871094,
0.0598449707,
-0.106262207,
-0.0676879883,
-0.098449707,
-1.228515625,
0.5268554688,
0.5874023438,
-1.189453125,
-0.1781005859,
0.2443847656,
-0.5625,
0.3505859375,
-0.4147949219,
0.1029052734,
-0.3249511719,
0.3549804688,
-0.2446289062,
-0.4055175781,
1.005859375,
0.3547363281,
-1.150390625,
-0.580078125,
-0.018157959,
-0.38671875,
-0.3178710938,
0.3100585938,
-0.3825683594,
1.349609375,
0.3662109375,
-2.37109375,
0.1398925781,
1.3203125,
0.2841796875,
0.5385742188,
0.3745117188,
-0.1538085938,
0.7587890625,
0.8466796875,
-0.6494140625,
0.4685058594,
0.7446289062,
0.0735473633,
0.1483154297,
-0.0634765625,
-0.3999023438,
0.5849609375,
-0.6123046875,
0.533203125,
0.48828125,
-0.4865722656,
-0.6499023438,
-0.1901855469,
-1.71484375,
0.673828125,
0.9443359375,
0.1971435547,
0.8989257812,
1.16796875,
-0.016708374,
-0.0275726318,
-0.1610107422,
-0.640625,
-0.007144928,
-0.0160827637,
-0.6889648438,
0.13671875,
0.4836425781,
0.0742797852,
0.267578125,
-0.1486816406,
1.255859375,
0.2239990234,
-0.0387878418,
0.4604492188,
0.4541015625,
-0.6328125,
-0.5893554688,
0.0687255859,
-0.2020263672,
0.66796875,
0.5141601562,
-1.0048828125,
0.3271484375,
0.1528320312,
0.0325622559,
-0.5263671875,
-0.5415039062,
-0.5288085938,
-0.3525390625,
-0.2082519531,
-0.4506835938,
0.3835449219,
-0.4631347656,
0.7485351562,
-0.3439941406,
0.7846679688,
0.3120117188,
-0.0109939575,
0.8686523438,
0.6591796875,
0.1091308594,
-0.5727539062,
-0.6704101562,
0.890625,
-1.1328125,
-0.7563476562,
0.7856445312,
-0.1014404297,
-0.0224304199,
-0.3828125,
-0.4812011719,
-0.0803222656,
1.3125,
0.0074768066,
0.1375732422,
-0.2078857422,
0.5234375,
-0.4692382812,
-0.1103515625,
-1.1650390625,
0.6801757812,
-0.9912109375,
0.1666259766,
0.4187011719,
0.7817382812,
-1.1103515625,
-0.2954101562,
-1.2734375,
-1.08203125,
-0.46875,
0.6918945312,
-1.3974609375,
-0.4340820312,
0.923828125,
-0.1688232422,
-0.900390625,
0.0767211914,
-0.3701171875,
0.112121582,
0.3232421875,
-0.3200683594,
0.7348632812,
-2.001953125,
-0.5737304688,
-0.6748046875,
0.8515625,
0.5859375,
1.4326171875,
-0.3076171875,
-0.626953125,
1.2421875,
0.474609375,
0.1960449219,
-0.1864013672,
0.7241210938,
-0.4409179688,
-0.52734375,
-0.4147949219,
0.7836914062,
-0.2917480469,
-0.3793945312,
-0.8520507812,
-0.0634155273,
-0.9125976562,
0.0127029419,
0.5385742188,
-0.9165039062,
-0.3698730469,
-0.0570373535,
0.7993164062,
-0.0832519531,
0.0934448242,
0.7963867188,
-0.3308105469,
-1.0908203125,
0.1212768555,
0.3173828125,
-0.4729003906,
-0.2496337891,
0.994140625,
0.1281738281,
0.4050292969,
-0.568359375,
-1.0771484375,
0.0635986328,
0.849609375,
0.3046875,
-0.0141830444,
-0.5522460938,
-0.7514648438,
-0.2211914062,
0.8247070312,
0.1585693359,
0.0084609985,
0.2486572266,
-0.5380859375,
-0.1624755859,
-0.525390625,
0.3198242188,
0.1811523438,
0.5756835938,
-0.087097168,
0.8076171875,
-0.546875,
1.08203125,
0.4594726562,
-0.529296875,
-0.2322998047,
0.1531982422,
-0.1035766602,
-1.01953125,
1.037109375,
0.4389648438,
-0.8149414062,
-0.3569335938,
-0.7783203125,
-0.2130126953,
-0.2712402344,
-0.1744384766,
-0.4645996094,
1.1142578125,
-1.236328125,
-0.1685791016,
0.2241210938,
0.3923339844,
0.3273925781,
0.9799804688,
0.2498779297,
-0.1580810547,
-0.2839355469,
-1.001953125,
-0.458984375,
-0.2221679688,
0.4680175781,
0.1690673828,
-0.8081054688,
-1.1962890625,
-1.548828125,
-0.2878417969,
0.9428710938,
0.3488769531,
0.83984375,
0.1999511719,
1.025390625,
0.2783203125,
-0.53125,
0.2017822266,
0.7915039062,
-0.5107421875,
0.1461181641,
0.1070556641,
0.783203125,
0.1231689453,
-0.0802612305,
0.1155395508,
0.4240722656,
-0.7006835938,
1.25390625,
1.5126953125,
0.020324707,
0.5190429688,
-0.9028320312,
-0.3955078125,
0.089050293,
0.7241210938,
-0.267578125,
-0.3776855469,
0.2524414062,
0.4221191406,
0.2666015625,
-0.4213867188,
-0.0241546631,
-0.46875,
0.7827148438,
-0.6015625,
0.849609375,
-0.1567382812,
-0.2944335938,
0.4250488281,
0.5419921875,
-0.3571777344,
0.576171875,
-0.5078125,
-0.065246582,
-0.1207275391,
0.3088378906,
-0.0850830078,
0.4685058594,
-0.7817382812,
-0.3664550781,
-1.083984375,
-0.0166778564,
0.1481933594,
0.5708007812,
0.0374145508,
-0.0520324707,
-0.6733398438,
-0.7319335938,
-0.5830078125,
-0.3403320312,
-0.2810058594,
0.42578125,
0.9086914062,
1.013671875,
-0.6630859375,
-0.1861572266,
-0.0875854492,
-0.5556640625,
0.1630859375,
-0.2320556641,
-0.9790039062,
-0.9916992188,
-0.3178710938,
0.1854248047,
0.0812988281,
-0.3154296875,
1.2900390625,
0.9370117188,
0.3876953125,
-0.016418457,
-0.0105361938,
-0.1309814453,
-0.927734375,
-0.3376464844,
-0.0627441406,
0.7900390625,
0.4450683594,
-0.7553710938,
0.1253662109,
0.173828125,
0.3898925781,
0.34765625,
-0.3591308594,
0.2570800781,
0.595703125,
0.4750976562,
-0.6831054688,
0.3920898438,
-0.3205566406,
0.4943847656,
-1.408203125,
0.7182617188,
0.0235900879,
-1.181640625,
-0.1150512695,
-0.8510742188,
0.1228637695,
1.0810546875,
0.2746582031,
-0.1705322266,
-0.2883300781,
0.029800415,
0.0559082031,
-0.3046875,
0.0352172852,
-0.0123596191,
0.1721191406,
-0.2170410156,
0.3947753906,
-0.2526855469,
-0.4504394531,
-0.3122558594,
-0.4255371094,
0.4294433594,
1.4931640625,
0.1516113281,
-1.0888671875,
-0.2868652344,
1.4521484375,
0.8642578125,
-0.4797363281,
0.35546875,
-0.5766601562,
0.2276611328,
0.5249023438,
-14.1796875,
-1.5322265625,
0.1453857422,
-0.5229492188,
-1.2802734375,
0.47265625,
0.3474121094,
-0.9853515625,
0.0680541992,
-0.000254631,
0.3044433594,
1.294921875,
-0.4125976562,
-0.962890625,
0.4956054688,
-0.9829101562,
0.3334960938,
0.0139770508,
-0.6616210938,
0.4682617188,
0.5737304688,
1.1650390625,
-1.1904296875,
0.794921875,
-1.5712890625,
-0.017074585,
0.4594726562,
-0.2971191406,
0.2548828125,
0.6333007812,
-0.1531982422,
0.5366210938,
-0.6713867188,
1.0107421875,
-0.3774414062,
-0.40234375,
0.4567871094,
-0.3471679688,
0.6743164062,
-1.0830078125,
-0.3215332031,
-0.0819702148,
-0.2416992188,
0.8994140625,
0.3579101562,
0.5419921875,
-0.1190795898,
-0.5336914062,
-0.1892089844,
-0.7958984375,
0.8540039062,
0.8452148438,
0.6381835938,
-0.5205078125,
-1.28515625,
-0.041229248,
-1.3173828125,
0.2956542969,
0.3513183594,
0.107421875,
-1.107421875,
0.82421875,
1.0146484375,
0.0254516602,
-0.4052734375,
-0.6215820312,
-0.6318359375,
-0.4382324219,
-0.7846679688,
-0.150390625,
-0.2022705078,
0.4143066406,
1.5048828125,
0.3454589844,
-0.3642578125,
0.4750976562,
0.5961914062,
-0.4973144531,
0.1010131836,
0.1744384766,
-0.1011352539,
-0.0059394836
] |
In 1672 he published a heavy hint to that effect, but contemporary supporters of the wave theory failed to act on it: Robert Hooke treated light as a periodic sequence of pulses but did not use frequency as the criterion of color, while Huygens treated the waves as individual pulses without any periodicity; and Pardies died young in 1673. Newton himself tried to explain colors of thin plates using the corpuscular theory, by supposing that his corpuscles had the wavelike property of alternating between "fits of easy transmission" and "fits of easy reflection", the distance between like "fits" depending on the color and the medium and, awkwardly, on the angle of refraction or reflection into that medium. More awkwardly still, this theory required thin plates to reflect only at the back surface, although thick plates manifestly reflected also at the front surface. It was not until 1801 that Thomas Young, in the Bakerian Lecture for that year, cited Newton's hint, and accounted for the colors of a thin plate as the combined effect of the front and back reflections, which reinforce or cancel each other according to the wavelength and the thickness. Young similarly explained the colors of "striated surfaces" (e.g., gratings) as the wavelength-dependent reinforcement or cancellation of reflections from adjacent lines. He described this reinforcement or cancellation as interference. Neither Newton nor Huygens satisfactorily explained diffraction—the blurring and fringing of shadows where, according to rectilinear propagation, they ought to be sharp. | [
-0.6225585938,
-0.2420654297,
-0.0752563477,
-0.2507324219,
-0.1622314453,
-0.0525512695,
0.0147323608,
-0.5478515625,
-0.1234741211,
0.3901367188,
-0.8315429688,
0.0679321289,
-0.5307617188,
-0.2551269531,
0.345703125,
-0.0341796875,
-0.384765625,
-0.2766113281,
-0.439453125,
-0.03515625,
-0.0130844116,
0.2724609375,
-0.4252929688,
-0.7241210938,
-0.6748046875,
-0.3801269531,
0.0880737305,
-0.76171875,
-0.1981201172,
-0.3264160156,
-0.0317687988,
-0.4255371094,
-0.2592773438,
-0.6000976562,
0.1374511719,
0.3005371094,
0.3325195312,
-0.265625,
0.4733886719,
0.2670898438,
0.1034545898,
-0.3234863281,
0.4504394531,
-0.5463867188,
0.1171264648,
0.2263183594,
0.1838378906,
0.2045898438,
-0.4519042969,
-0.802734375,
-0.2481689453,
-0.2509765625,
-0.0667114258,
0.0838623047,
-0.0361938477,
-0.703125,
0.54296875,
-0.7915039062,
0.58984375,
-0.0991210938,
-0.2412109375,
0.8364257812,
-0.1137084961,
-0.4885253906,
0.4694824219,
-0.255859375,
-0.173828125,
-0.116027832,
-0.849609375,
0.1262207031,
-0.2144775391,
0.7065429688,
-0.0729980469,
-0.5268554688,
0.1343994141,
-0.7138671875,
-2.25390625,
-0.0539855957,
-0.0370483398,
1.3349609375,
-0.310546875,
-1.4091796875,
-0.1682128906,
-1.0498046875,
-1.7021484375,
-0.3923339844,
0.4970703125,
-0.2279052734,
-0.3459472656,
1.638671875,
0.0748901367,
-0.7661132812,
-0.8579101562,
0.654296875,
0.3508300781,
-0.2150878906,
-1.248046875,
-0.728515625,
-1.33984375,
-0.2844238281,
0.0137252808,
-1.2939453125,
0.6123046875,
0.2115478516,
-0.2758789062,
1.2333984375,
-0.5556640625,
-0.8217773438,
0.2044677734,
0.2937011719,
-0.1794433594,
-0.4487304688,
0.1385498047,
-0.006526947,
-1.6240234375,
0.3249511719,
-0.3879394531,
-0.4494628906,
-1.0498046875,
-0.7075195312,
0.3139648438,
0.736328125,
-0.1440429688,
-0.9345703125,
0.4780273438,
0.1237792969,
0.0147476196,
-1.0185546875,
-0.4670410156,
0.1535644531,
-0.3625488281,
0.0419006348,
-0.1017456055,
0.3161621094,
-0.6303710938,
-0.3942871094,
-0.5751953125,
-0.3034667969,
0.3718261719,
-0.4333496094,
0.7216796875,
0.1186523438,
-0.2358398438,
-0.0120697021,
-0.0508422852,
-0.27734375,
0.0088043213,
0.0946655273,
-0.4282226562,
0.9975585938,
-0.8227539062,
-0.0031890869,
0.6923828125,
0.2644042969,
-0.189453125,
0.0849609375,
-0.2900390625,
-0.6000976562,
-0.6225585938,
-0.5776367188,
-0.5434570312,
0.6625976562,
-0.6787109375,
-0.669921875,
0.3142089844,
0.6059570312,
-0.0697021484,
-0.4860839844,
-0.5234375,
1.0546875,
-0.15625,
0.1656494141,
0.2136230469,
0.5771484375,
-0.3493652344,
-0.7900390625,
0.7802734375,
-0.2678222656,
-0.0123901367,
0.9609375,
1.31640625,
-0.89453125,
-0.4064941406,
-0.40234375,
0.5844726562,
0.5595703125,
0.3679199219,
-0.0908813477,
-0.5444335938,
-0.9165039062,
-0.0049362183,
0.7333984375,
0.2445068359,
-0.2291259766,
-0.53125,
0.6494140625,
-0.673828125,
-0.2990722656,
-0.4470214844,
-0.0378417969,
0.0725708008,
0.8432617188,
1.4580078125,
0.6240234375,
-0.1968994141,
-0.2401123047,
0.1226806641,
-0.7163085938,
0.0101318359,
0.7583007812,
-0.2885742188,
0.9365234375,
0.431640625,
0.8188476562,
0.9379882812,
-0.0141372681,
0.0462341309,
-0.1278076172,
-0.1276855469,
-1.0234375,
0.7270507812,
0.3833007812,
-1.4560546875,
0.6791992188,
-0.751953125,
-0.2348632812,
-0.2117919922,
1.1484375,
0.2504882812,
-0.49609375,
0.6005859375,
0.7202148438,
-0.6958007812,
0.3259277344,
-0.3576660156,
-0.1829833984,
0.6704101562,
-1.453125,
0.248046875,
-0.8095703125,
-0.5053710938,
-0.8256835938,
0.1119995117,
-0.0669555664,
-0.2814941406,
-1.1435546875,
0.3110351562,
-0.5434570312,
0.3657226562,
0.3159179688,
0.4311523438,
0.3310546875,
0.1153564453,
0.8154296875,
-0.2253417969,
0.4790039062,
-0.2014160156,
0.4489746094,
-0.3598632812,
0.615234375,
-0.0600891113,
0.1606445312,
1.51171875,
-0.0503234863,
0.1320800781,
-0.2182617188,
0.4279785156,
0.1744384766,
0.1710205078,
0.0272216797,
0.2261962891,
-0.1884765625,
-1.1455078125,
-0.3481445312,
-0.3298339844,
0.337890625,
-0.8515625,
-1.0068359375,
-0.1711425781,
-0.9477539062,
0.8803710938,
-1.4951171875,
-0.8447265625,
-0.8515625,
0.7314453125,
1.439453125,
0.6806640625,
-0.2407226562,
-0.0159912109,
0.8037109375,
0.39453125,
-0.794921875,
-1.388671875,
0.36328125,
0.4909667969,
-0.5502929688,
0.3864746094,
1.04296875,
-0.3500976562,
-0.263671875,
0.7509765625,
1.30859375,
0.2897949219,
0.3706054688,
0.6889648438,
0.7241210938,
-0.6083984375,
0.337890625,
-0.7397460938,
-0.6723632812,
0.1575927734,
0.3376464844,
0.4387207031,
-1.1044921875,
-0.30859375,
-0.0635375977,
0.0025844574,
-0.3776855469,
-0.2700195312,
0.2076416016,
0.0841064453,
0.1200561523,
-0.9272460938,
-0.9140625,
0.0507507324,
0.2607421875,
-0.5717773438,
-0.6049804688,
-0.3200683594,
0.2766113281,
0.8627929688,
-0.0957641602,
0.4182128906,
1.150390625,
-0.8959960938,
-0.0346984863,
0.9326171875,
0.4716796875,
0.4697265625,
-0.024520874,
-0.6376953125,
-0.2973632812,
-0.5991210938,
-0.087097168,
-0.326171875,
0.9145507812,
-1.568359375,
-0.388671875,
0.1971435547,
-0.1862792969,
0.1153564453,
-0.1188964844,
0.2883300781,
-0.2067871094,
-0.1000366211,
0.5786132812,
-0.0785522461,
-0.3010253906,
-0.1920166016,
0.4250488281,
-0.744140625,
-0.1990966797,
0.0093460083,
-0.8745117188,
-0.7294921875,
-0.1857910156,
-0.1260986328,
0.314453125,
0.8784179688,
-0.5146484375,
-0.3168945312,
0.791015625,
-1.0009765625,
0.1798095703,
-0.6381835938,
-0.0121307373,
-0.4523925781,
-0.9575195312,
-0.6875,
-0.3332519531,
0.3083496094,
-0.2094726562,
-0.8154296875,
-0.7265625,
0.8583984375,
0.0795288086,
0.1053466797,
-0.0445251465,
-0.3823242188,
-0.0455322266,
0.9965820312,
0.5346679688,
-0.0177764893,
-0.1009521484,
-0.13671875,
0.0344238281,
1.67578125,
-1.0595703125,
-0.7768554688,
0.2849121094,
0.0617675781,
-1.1826171875,
-0.1641845703,
0.9028320312,
-0.3361816406,
0.1723632812,
1.59375,
-0.0177764893,
0.6811523438,
-0.2670898438,
-0.5073242188,
0.3671875,
-0.1854248047,
0.2861328125,
-0.7856445312,
-0.4909667969,
0.681640625,
0.0110321045,
-0.2585449219,
-0.529296875,
-0.2009277344,
-0.5024414062,
0.2543945312,
0.108581543,
0.611328125,
0.1179199219,
-0.3435058594,
-0.2337646484,
-0.330078125,
-0.7768554688,
-0.2766113281,
0.7055664062,
-0.6098632812,
1.2685546875,
0.6645507812,
-0.1177978516,
-0.0030956268,
0.3181152344,
0.0221252441,
-0.0217132568,
-0.1455078125,
0.6826171875,
-0.4052734375,
0.787109375,
0.0271911621,
0.2142333984,
-0.3942871094,
-0.7124023438,
0.4709472656,
0.255859375,
-0.9033203125,
1.48828125,
-0.0570983887,
0.5283203125,
0.7260742188,
-0.9418945312,
-0.4047851562,
0.2756347656,
0.4802246094,
0.4409179688,
0.5639648438,
-0.2575683594,
0.2575683594,
-0.0717163086,
-0.1190185547,
-0.3034667969,
-0.3491210938,
1.46875,
-0.4643554688,
0.435546875,
0.4267578125,
-0.0140686035,
-1.837890625,
-0.4267578125,
-1.0947265625,
-0.3818359375,
-0.5532226562,
-0.2221679688,
0.5502929688,
0.2976074219,
1.5029296875,
0.3073730469,
0.3649902344,
0.0817260742,
-0.3852539062,
-0.6225585938,
-0.6337890625,
0.1448974609,
-0.162109375,
-0.1150512695,
0.0223236084,
-0.33203125,
0.0970458984,
0.5634765625,
0.8120117188,
-0.6171875,
-1.1611328125,
-0.0455627441,
-1.974609375,
-0.0720214844,
0.1533203125,
-0.2756347656,
-0.0654907227,
-0.8286132812,
-0.7622070312,
0.9995117188,
0.2819824219,
0.1823730469,
1.75390625,
-0.0769042969,
-0.4443359375,
-0.008605957,
0.6865234375,
-0.50390625,
0.1339111328,
-0.4055175781,
0.6962890625,
1.1767578125,
-0.076965332,
1.0703125,
0.3671875,
-0.3200683594,
0.3747558594,
-0.4809570312,
-0.3874511719,
0.0584411621,
0.3801269531,
-0.7104492188,
-0.0531616211,
-0.1901855469,
1.080078125,
-0.548828125,
-0.0355224609,
-0.9794921875,
-1.0986328125,
0.4191894531,
0.873046875,
1.2626953125,
0.744140625,
1.2158203125,
0.2739257812,
0.2290039062,
0.3647460938,
-0.0967407227,
0.2358398438,
1.388671875,
0.2954101562,
0.4526367188,
-0.1882324219,
0.5063476562,
0.0735473633,
0.0606384277,
1.2734375,
-0.3505859375,
-0.44140625,
0.0605163574,
-0.2531738281,
-0.8979492188,
1.0009765625,
0.5400390625,
-0.3151855469,
0.3984375,
0.1865234375,
-0.0963134766,
-0.0407104492,
-0.1531982422,
0.0809326172,
-0.603515625,
-0.7612304688,
-0.6533203125,
0.453125,
-0.54296875,
-0.2590332031,
-0.3215332031,
-0.8471679688,
0.0440063477,
-0.050201416,
-0.8071289062,
0.1391601562,
-0.853515625,
-0.2171630859,
-0.1278076172,
0.5991210938,
0.3801269531,
0.1937255859,
0.6518554688,
0.625,
-1.0234375,
-0.3159179688,
-0.4685058594,
-0.0744018555,
-0.693359375,
0.2902832031,
-0.0625610352,
0.2590332031,
0.1394042969,
-1.6611328125,
0.2281494141,
1.5830078125,
0.2607421875,
0.4011230469,
0.666015625,
-0.345703125,
0.6865234375,
0.8393554688,
-0.6171875,
-0.3459472656,
0.5302734375,
0.4438476562,
0.5126953125,
0.263671875,
-0.9067382812,
0.2568359375,
-0.2690429688,
0.75390625,
0.6059570312,
-0.2028808594,
-0.9633789062,
-0.5439453125,
-1.7431640625,
-0.0640869141,
0.061920166,
-0.1529541016,
0.5810546875,
1.072265625,
0.3273925781,
-0.1216430664,
-0.1887207031,
0.1297607422,
0.6049804688,
-0.453125,
-0.7504882812,
0.3940429688,
-0.0360412598,
0.0723876953,
0.4499511719,
-0.1530761719,
1.115234375,
0.6440429688,
0.1143188477,
0.3171386719,
-0.0256195068,
-0.2961425781,
-0.1749267578,
0.7265625,
-0.0985107422,
0.9443359375,
0.3005371094,
-0.4099121094,
0.8349609375,
1.009765625,
-0.2629394531,
0.2839355469,
-0.3508300781,
0.1053466797,
-0.0582885742,
0.2076416016,
-0.5810546875,
0.8754882812,
-0.8217773438,
1.685546875,
-0.5200195312,
0.7294921875,
-0.2320556641,
0.0208282471,
1.59375,
1.3427734375,
0.1806640625,
-1.232421875,
-1.0478515625,
0.3720703125,
-0.9838867188,
-0.2149658203,
0.5424804688,
0.0351257324,
0.1717529297,
-1.142578125,
-0.3286132812,
-1.0634765625,
1.34375,
-0.1884765625,
0.6435546875,
0.0795898438,
0.8486328125,
-0.6821289062,
-0.0762329102,
-1.0517578125,
1.0947265625,
-0.267578125,
1.294921875,
-0.2785644531,
0.4995117188,
-1.2275390625,
-0.5561523438,
-1.1025390625,
-1.0732421875,
-0.2196044922,
0.3835449219,
-1.0703125,
-0.3200683594,
1.2666015625,
0.8505859375,
-0.4213867188,
1.119140625,
-0.46484375,
-0.0825805664,
0.5083007812,
-0.5048828125,
0.2778320312,
-1.39453125,
-0.58203125,
-0.2419433594,
0.1654052734,
0.484375,
1.3515625,
-0.1552734375,
-0.6157226562,
1.0673828125,
1.2431640625,
0.3188476562,
-0.5219726562,
0.921875,
-0.30078125,
-0.3325195312,
-0.5146484375,
1.380859375,
0.435546875,
-0.65625,
-0.5874023438,
0.1340332031,
-0.0980224609,
0.1625976562,
-0.0371398926,
-0.7104492188,
-0.1789550781,
0.2225341797,
0.6787109375,
0.0709838867,
-0.4060058594,
0.7919921875,
-0.2269287109,
-1.1455078125,
0.1156005859,
0.5698242188,
-0.39453125,
-0.2756347656,
1.2275390625,
0.2980957031,
-0.0453796387,
-0.0568237305,
-0.4174804688,
0.2507324219,
0.6987304688,
-0.4248046875,
0.3044433594,
-0.1286621094,
-1.341796875,
-1.0078125,
0.6518554688,
0.2456054688,
-0.2266845703,
-0.1441650391,
-0.748046875,
-0.3759765625,
-0.3876953125,
0.1853027344,
0.0076255798,
0.2292480469,
0.3461914062,
1.185546875,
-0.2966308594,
0.6357421875,
0.4938964844,
-0.2509765625,
-0.3706054688,
-0.2958984375,
-0.7114257812,
-0.2396240234,
0.646484375,
1.17578125,
-0.3198242188,
-0.66796875,
-0.560546875,
-0.0670776367,
-0.1287841797,
-0.6567382812,
-0.2310791016,
0.8828125,
-0.8974609375,
0.5678710938,
0.7294921875,
-0.2729492188,
0.642578125,
0.3842773438,
-0.1075439453,
0.689453125,
-0.4916992188,
-0.87109375,
-0.2261962891,
-0.2227783203,
0.7734375,
-0.2705078125,
-0.5356445312,
-0.2788085938,
-1.9306640625,
-0.6083984375,
0.4489746094,
-0.1005249023,
-0.1850585938,
0.4462890625,
0.3012695312,
-0.0094909668,
0.1220703125,
-0.2127685547,
0.9697265625,
-0.4675292969,
0.771484375,
0.9697265625,
-0.0772094727,
0.2668457031,
0.4743652344,
-0.3745117188,
0.8681640625,
0.4418945312,
1.14453125,
0.8603515625,
0.1062011719,
-0.8623046875,
-1.23828125,
-0.6201171875,
0.1048583984,
0.662109375,
0.0441589355,
-0.5463867188,
0.2413330078,
1.904296875,
0.3645019531,
0.1702880859,
0.2937011719,
-0.3928222656,
0.0865478516,
-0.3146972656,
1.04296875,
-0.1655273438,
-0.1610107422,
-0.3742675781,
0.4506835938,
-0.8725585938,
0.0873413086,
-0.4067382812,
-0.4194335938,
-0.6606445312,
0.1575927734,
0.1119995117,
0.1556396484,
-0.6357421875,
0.0540466309,
-0.99609375,
-0.0589294434,
0.2583007812,
0.509765625,
0.28125,
0.1457519531,
-0.5561523438,
0.0656738281,
-0.8798828125,
-0.7211914062,
-0.2248535156,
0.55859375,
0.2026367188,
1.3173828125,
-0.609375,
0.051940918,
-0.0654907227,
0.1569824219,
0.1677246094,
-0.5454101562,
-0.5932617188,
-0.7944335938,
-0.0617675781,
-0.2829589844,
0.5454101562,
0.0540771484,
0.7529296875,
0.5595703125,
0.3432617188,
-0.2329101562,
0.1224975586,
-0.3349609375,
-1.14453125,
0.0223388672,
0.3703613281,
0.6665039062,
0.4555664062,
-0.19921875,
0.2355957031,
-0.3483886719,
-0.0188598633,
-0.0467529297,
-0.6381835938,
-0.1801757812,
0.623046875,
-0.0650024414,
0.0236358643,
0.3454589844,
-0.1770019531,
0.2132568359,
-0.9384765625,
0.18359375,
-0.7451171875,
-1.34765625,
0.2001953125,
-0.2561035156,
-0.5424804688,
0.6635742188,
0.2056884766,
-0.6357421875,
-1.044921875,
0.2270507812,
0.1939697266,
-0.1724853516,
0.1776123047,
0.1309814453,
-0.111328125,
-1.0986328125,
0.5751953125,
0.0317687988,
-0.3278808594,
-0.1929931641,
-0.3500976562,
-0.3129882812,
1.0078125,
0.5048828125,
-0.8076171875,
-0.5161132812,
1.5361328125,
1.39453125,
-0.5795898438,
0.4328613281,
-0.6733398438,
-0.2344970703,
-0.4287109375,
-13.296875,
-1.591796875,
0.0727539062,
-0.0021038055,
-1.6572265625,
0.9228515625,
0.1078491211,
-0.3693847656,
-0.5126953125,
0.4516601562,
0.2025146484,
1.720703125,
-0.1981201172,
-0.5595703125,
0.4411621094,
-0.2092285156,
0.6875,
-0.1293945312,
-0.4665527344,
0.4594726562,
1.2080078125,
0.7231445312,
-0.5786132812,
1.048828125,
-1.2744140625,
0.2529296875,
0.8149414062,
-0.4650878906,
0.3337402344,
0.9833984375,
-0.5439453125,
0.1133422852,
-0.4802246094,
0.4594726562,
-0.0808105469,
-0.603515625,
0.1671142578,
0.5673828125,
0.4992675781,
-0.4001464844,
-0.6518554688,
-0.3022460938,
0.2634277344,
0.626953125,
0.3735351562,
0.0315856934,
-0.734375,
-0.669921875,
-0.3403320312,
-0.654296875,
0.2958984375,
0.4250488281,
0.5913085938,
-0.4519042969,
-1.583984375,
-0.5004882812,
-1.3828125,
0.4626464844,
-0.1147460938,
0.5219726562,
-0.3537597656,
0.65234375,
1.205078125,
-0.505859375,
-0.2266845703,
-0.8647460938,
-0.99609375,
0.1342773438,
-0.4870605469,
-0.51953125,
-0.2749023438,
-0.1082763672,
1.69140625,
1.0810546875,
-0.7768554688,
0.2758789062,
0.7333984375,
-0.3642578125,
-0.0660400391,
0.4189453125,
-0.5048828125,
-0.0046234131
] |
Newton, who called diffraction "inflexion", supposed that rays of light passing close to obstacles were bent ("inflected"); but his explanation was only qualitative. Huygens's common-tangent construction, without modifications, could not accommodate diffraction at all. Two such modifications were proposed by Young in the same 1801 Bakerian Lecture: first, that the secondary waves near the edge of an obstacle could diverge into the shadow, but only weakly, due to limited reinforcement from other secondary waves; and second, that diffraction by an edge was caused by interference between two rays: one reflected off the edge, and the other inflected while passing near the edge. The latter ray would be undeviated if sufficiently far from the edge, but Young did not elaborate on that case. These were the earliest suggestions that the degree of diffraction depends on wavelength. Later, in the 1803 Bakerian Lecture, Young ceased to regard inflection as a separate phenomenon, and produced evidence that diffraction fringes inside the shadow of a narrow obstacle were due to interference: when the light from one side was blocked, the internal fringes disappeared. But Young was alone in such efforts until Fresnel entered the field. | [
-0.6689453125,
-0.0643920898,
-0.2292480469,
0.3059082031,
-0.5883789062,
0.3559570312,
0.2388916016,
-0.0128250122,
0.78125,
0.4924316406,
-0.9038085938,
0.3093261719,
-0.0563964844,
-0.0783691406,
0.4272460938,
-0.2292480469,
-0.2680664062,
-0.2397460938,
-0.3120117188,
1.052734375,
-0.1290283203,
-0.2761230469,
-0.3686523438,
-1.0390625,
-1.1416015625,
-0.5981445312,
-0.1160888672,
-0.3271484375,
0.1778564453,
0.1453857422,
0.513671875,
0.2020263672,
-0.4787597656,
0.3959960938,
-0.3098144531,
1.078125,
-0.3740234375,
-0.3676757812,
-0.2922363281,
0.3515625,
-0.3166503906,
-0.15234375,
0.3393554688,
-0.5244140625,
0.0922241211,
0.0231170654,
0.3249511719,
0.2797851562,
0.0362854004,
-0.6967773438,
0.5581054688,
-0.7280273438,
0.2318115234,
0.150390625,
-0.1345214844,
-0.9711914062,
-0.0748901367,
-0.5380859375,
0.6328125,
0.765625,
-0.5034179688,
0.2822265625,
0.2193603516,
-0.2003173828,
1.5205078125,
-0.2492675781,
0.0878295898,
-0.96484375,
-0.513671875,
-0.2993164062,
-0.8471679688,
0.421875,
-0.0891723633,
-0.9155273438,
0.1547851562,
-0.3508300781,
-1.0400390625,
0.3090820312,
0.4562988281,
0.5517578125,
-0.2609863281,
-0.4133300781,
-0.6293945312,
-1.1279296875,
-0.5341796875,
-0.56640625,
0.3549804688,
-0.5849609375,
-0.6665039062,
1.341796875,
-0.1627197266,
-0.8139648438,
-1.0966796875,
0.8173828125,
-0.1181030273,
0.0679931641,
-0.9541015625,
-0.9658203125,
-0.689453125,
-0.5922851562,
0.2026367188,
-0.7143554688,
0.7568359375,
0.0592346191,
0.007724762,
0.7641601562,
-0.2189941406,
-0.5673828125,
-0.2946777344,
0.6225585938,
0.2464599609,
-0.771484375,
-0.0579528809,
-0.2425537109,
-0.4396972656,
0.1970214844,
-0.7255859375,
-0.0593566895,
-0.7231445312,
-0.1918945312,
0.2352294922,
0.3671875,
-0.3806152344,
-0.5009765625,
0.2839355469,
0.3950195312,
0.2800292969,
-0.3039550781,
0.108215332,
-0.3676757812,
-0.4145507812,
-0.2927246094,
-0.2113037109,
-0.7431640625,
-0.3420410156,
-0.5737304688,
-1.44140625,
-0.0090332031,
0.4880371094,
-0.71875,
0.0201721191,
0.396484375,
0.0254058838,
0.3298339844,
-0.0527038574,
-0.5698242188,
0.3225097656,
0.3706054688,
0.087097168,
0.5078125,
-0.48046875,
0.0361938477,
0.5170898438,
0.6596679688,
-0.1971435547,
0.1624755859,
0.5874023438,
0.2805175781,
-0.9506835938,
-0.9384765625,
-0.7563476562,
0.2827148438,
-0.3537597656,
-0.6254882812,
0.2464599609,
0.1123046875,
-0.2778320312,
0.122253418,
0.4506835938,
0.72265625,
-0.8764648438,
0.0961914062,
-0.3818359375,
0.9663085938,
-0.2185058594,
-0.3266601562,
0.4731445312,
-0.0257415771,
0.3383789062,
1.3828125,
0.7958984375,
-0.3649902344,
0.0986328125,
-0.2370605469,
0.6884765625,
0.1606445312,
0.572265625,
0.3903808594,
-0.6103515625,
0.0114898682,
-0.7563476562,
1.27734375,
-0.1462402344,
-0.4765625,
-0.4653320312,
0.8813476562,
-0.9868164062,
-0.2486572266,
0.0651245117,
0.1884765625,
0.2000732422,
0.9267578125,
1.205078125,
0.3386230469,
0.0119247437,
0.3161621094,
0.591796875,
-0.2543945312,
0.3701171875,
0.3732910156,
0.1038818359,
0.6831054688,
-0.0155944824,
1.27734375,
0.5961914062,
-0.76953125,
0.1588134766,
-0.3415527344,
0.4501953125,
-1.1259765625,
0.8881835938,
0.5600585938,
-1.572265625,
0.3693847656,
-1.296875,
0.2900390625,
-0.2788085938,
0.822265625,
0.2023925781,
-0.1938476562,
0.6254882812,
-0.0350646973,
-0.4252929688,
-0.2739257812,
-0.5551757812,
-0.3369140625,
0.5473632812,
-1.3662109375,
-0.4501953125,
-0.2507324219,
-0.6108398438,
-0.62890625,
-0.4453125,
0.0302429199,
0.0346374512,
-0.87109375,
0.3879394531,
-0.099609375,
-0.3041992188,
0.2225341797,
-0.2052001953,
0.1249389648,
0.6313476562,
0.1145629883,
-0.5708007812,
1.080078125,
0.0370483398,
0.3054199219,
-0.0021247864,
0.4548339844,
0.0914306641,
0.0326538086,
1.318359375,
-0.5,
0.0087051392,
-0.1336669922,
0.3488769531,
-0.0345458984,
0.1293945312,
0.1840820312,
0.8256835938,
-0.5942382812,
-1.0146484375,
0.020690918,
-0.0621337891,
0.1206665039,
-0.5249023438,
-0.791015625,
0.630859375,
-1.0146484375,
0.0350646973,
-0.9233398438,
-0.6474609375,
-0.5043945312,
0.3994140625,
1.546875,
0.5087890625,
-0.2329101562,
-0.7534179688,
1.080078125,
0.3840332031,
-0.9663085938,
-1.28125,
0.1522216797,
0.4313964844,
-0.0839233398,
0.3444824219,
0.8422851562,
-0.783203125,
0.0200500488,
0.3200683594,
0.7514648438,
0.2639160156,
0.5571289062,
0.7290039062,
0.2192382812,
-0.4582519531,
-0.0168914795,
-1.0869140625,
-0.1488037109,
0.470703125,
0.1899414062,
0.2282714844,
-0.2380371094,
-1.1826171875,
0.1087036133,
0.1177978516,
-0.1541748047,
0.0806884766,
-0.1341552734,
-0.3212890625,
0.0975341797,
-0.8198242188,
-0.1258544922,
-0.3381347656,
0.1724853516,
-0.7280273438,
-0.841796875,
0.0923461914,
0.4086914062,
0.5434570312,
-0.1790771484,
0.4724121094,
0.5815429688,
-1.548828125,
0.0021934509,
0.0347290039,
0.798828125,
0.1468505859,
-0.21875,
-0.7387695312,
0.19140625,
-0.9555664062,
0.2325439453,
0.2310791016,
0.3918457031,
-1.265625,
-0.0044174194,
0.5483398438,
-0.0440979004,
-0.626953125,
-0.1979980469,
0.2493896484,
-0.3073730469,
-0.5629882812,
0.3493652344,
-0.0813598633,
-0.1665039062,
0.3056640625,
0.7211914062,
-0.5771484375,
-0.8403320312,
-0.3776855469,
-0.3195800781,
-0.837890625,
-0.0006899834,
-0.0085144043,
1.0859375,
0.3950195312,
-0.1486816406,
-0.0343322754,
0.3901367188,
-0.51953125,
0.2768554688,
-0.2839355469,
-0.0599365234,
-1.0009765625,
-1.1796875,
-0.4382324219,
0.0275878906,
-0.2468261719,
-0.2141113281,
-0.83984375,
-0.4895019531,
0.552734375,
0.3605957031,
0.0121841431,
0.0979614258,
-0.3469238281,
0.006778717,
0.6640625,
0.8891601562,
-0.7177734375,
0.1746826172,
-0.9282226562,
0.0093460083,
0.7260742188,
-1.09375,
-0.1627197266,
-0.0432434082,
0.1832275391,
-0.8471679688,
0.2619628906,
1.1240234375,
0.1879882812,
0.0955810547,
1.8896484375,
0.4143066406,
0.4738769531,
0.1616210938,
-0.2486572266,
-0.0132446289,
0.0262298584,
0.2135009766,
-1.0615234375,
-0.1623535156,
1.205078125,
0.0794067383,
-0.0580444336,
-0.849609375,
-0.8666992188,
-0.4558105469,
0.6782226562,
0.5122070312,
0.7119140625,
0.5581054688,
-0.9418945312,
0.49609375,
-0.2878417969,
-0.2775878906,
-0.4606933594,
0.0584716797,
-0.0240478516,
0.9594726562,
0.6215820312,
0.0571899414,
-0.3134765625,
-0.0960693359,
0.0695800781,
-0.7392578125,
-0.1516113281,
0.8310546875,
-0.8310546875,
0.5043945312,
0.2648925781,
0.3698730469,
-0.5190429688,
-0.3896484375,
-0.2145996094,
-0.6123046875,
-1.1181640625,
1.54296875,
0.546875,
0.4228515625,
0.9389648438,
-0.3728027344,
0.2944335938,
-0.1839599609,
-0.027557373,
0.0390014648,
0.3000488281,
-0.4301757812,
-0.0461425781,
0.092956543,
0.8974609375,
-0.904296875,
-0.1300048828,
0.5952148438,
-0.6098632812,
-0.0084838867,
0.5791015625,
-0.3598632812,
-1.208984375,
-0.0428161621,
-0.6010742188,
-0.173828125,
0.0985107422,
-0.2575683594,
0.096496582,
0.0200958252,
1.2685546875,
0.0999755859,
0.6040039062,
-0.5107421875,
0.1662597656,
-0.4838867188,
-0.1535644531,
0.5673828125,
0.0196990967,
-0.8041992188,
0.4921875,
-0.1925048828,
-0.1525878906,
-0.2526855469,
0.3955078125,
-0.4204101562,
-0.8940429688,
-0.2622070312,
-1.548828125,
0.3278808594,
0.096862793,
-0.322265625,
0.203125,
-1.111328125,
0.3967285156,
1.0595703125,
0.0268249512,
0.2100830078,
2.0859375,
1.15234375,
-0.4221191406,
-0.3937988281,
0.4641113281,
0.0856323242,
-0.1098632812,
-0.4672851562,
0.0933837891,
0.1982421875,
0.0297241211,
0.1459960938,
0.2462158203,
0.0848388672,
0.7163085938,
-0.1412353516,
-0.3708496094,
0.7470703125,
-0.2275390625,
-0.3435058594,
-0.5947265625,
0.1254882812,
0.48828125,
0.0705566406,
0.4709472656,
-0.34375,
-0.662109375,
-0.1176147461,
0.7856445312,
1.419921875,
0.599609375,
0.388671875,
-0.4191894531,
-0.3952636719,
-0.0196380615,
0.2861328125,
0.1989746094,
1.587890625,
0.0369262695,
-0.0413513184,
-0.328125,
0.6123046875,
0.3068847656,
0.4665527344,
0.9594726562,
-0.0682983398,
-0.6259765625,
0.2045898438,
-0.5361328125,
-0.6899414062,
0.1090087891,
-0.0850219727,
-0.8862304688,
-0.1030273438,
0.2025146484,
-0.677734375,
-0.609375,
0.104309082,
0.3405761719,
-0.0550537109,
-0.3132324219,
-0.2429199219,
0.1566162109,
-1.234375,
0.3168945312,
0.2868652344,
-1.171875,
-0.3986816406,
0.1676025391,
-0.8979492188,
-0.5180664062,
-1.083984375,
0.1557617188,
-0.44921875,
0.5283203125,
0.6967773438,
-0.0455322266,
0.4089355469,
1.0693359375,
-1.3828125,
-0.7729492188,
-0.7846679688,
-0.4167480469,
0.0094604492,
0.9584960938,
-0.0078735352,
0.8422851562,
0.4677734375,
-1.369140625,
0.2423095703,
0.578125,
-0.0406799316,
0.1408691406,
0.1224365234,
0.1184082031,
0.3505859375,
0.93359375,
-0.0928344727,
0.5942382812,
0.7856445312,
0.310546875,
0.9150390625,
-0.1950683594,
-0.5864257812,
0.3637695312,
-0.8520507812,
0.5747070312,
0.306640625,
0.1341552734,
-0.2961425781,
-0.4008789062,
-1.541015625,
0.3637695312,
0.7451171875,
-0.1297607422,
0.5390625,
0.5532226562,
0.0372314453,
0.154296875,
0.216796875,
-0.7646484375,
0.5971679688,
0.3354492188,
-0.87890625,
0.4333496094,
0.166015625,
-0.412109375,
0.4516601562,
-0.5458984375,
1.37109375,
0.1647949219,
0.4001464844,
-0.2161865234,
-0.0377502441,
-0.078918457,
-0.1821289062,
0.869140625,
-0.8618164062,
0.4216308594,
0.1944580078,
-0.7954101562,
0.7841796875,
0.6318359375,
0.6801757812,
-0.0927124023,
-0.267578125,
0.0676879883,
-0.0565185547,
0.0886230469,
-0.5708007812,
1.2021484375,
-0.3854980469,
1.650390625,
-0.4265136719,
0.810546875,
-0.45703125,
-0.6772460938,
1.431640625,
0.7592773438,
-0.4702148438,
-1.115234375,
-0.576171875,
0.3156738281,
-0.7817382812,
-0.666015625,
0.7407226562,
0.1363525391,
0.0199584961,
-0.4921875,
-0.4926757812,
-1.2841796875,
0.7651367188,
-0.0305938721,
0.5688476562,
-0.3830566406,
0.5522460938,
-0.4853515625,
0.014289856,
-0.4091796875,
0.8530273438,
-0.4228515625,
0.1256103516,
-0.4038085938,
-0.2109375,
-1.2412109375,
-0.6293945312,
-0.2551269531,
-1.6064453125,
-0.583984375,
0.7329101562,
-0.552734375,
0.255859375,
0.958984375,
0.0598449707,
-1.1865234375,
0.1655273438,
-1.0166015625,
0.054901123,
0.6015625,
0.0370178223,
0.3112792969,
-1.658203125,
-1.0791015625,
-0.2858886719,
0.970703125,
0.1089477539,
1.068359375,
-0.1834716797,
-0.1243896484,
0.7524414062,
1.32421875,
0.4479980469,
-0.921875,
0.5224609375,
-0.6723632812,
0.1209106445,
-0.2663574219,
0.8012695312,
0.7548828125,
-0.2359619141,
0.0402832031,
0.548828125,
-0.462890625,
-0.1202392578,
0.1446533203,
-0.552734375,
-0.671875,
-0.1945800781,
1.0595703125,
-0.5463867188,
-0.3142089844,
1.3955078125,
-0.685546875,
-1.2138671875,
0.1138305664,
0.2653808594,
0.2766113281,
-0.1244506836,
1.087890625,
0.3557128906,
-0.1243286133,
-0.3840332031,
-0.9155273438,
0.1446533203,
0.9692382812,
-0.3686523438,
-0.2308349609,
-0.0393676758,
-1.005859375,
-0.1259765625,
0.6044921875,
0.3801269531,
-0.4606933594,
0.0953979492,
-0.6420898438,
-0.5268554688,
-0.2556152344,
-0.1595458984,
-0.1453857422,
0.1884765625,
-0.2727050781,
0.8520507812,
-0.1468505859,
0.5297851562,
0.49609375,
-0.5239257812,
0.1354980469,
-0.0515136719,
-0.5258789062,
-0.705078125,
0.705078125,
0.623046875,
-0.5483398438,
-0.0118408203,
-0.8950195312,
0.1661376953,
-0.5444335938,
-0.4794921875,
0.116394043,
0.8911132812,
-0.9560546875,
-0.42578125,
0.3991699219,
0.028793335,
-0.2990722656,
0.7055664062,
-0.4328613281,
0.4936523438,
0.0845947266,
-0.5122070312,
0.4350585938,
-0.4565429688,
0.4990234375,
0.0682373047,
0.0786743164,
-0.3979492188,
-2.298828125,
-0.6655273438,
0.4084472656,
-0.0157318115,
0.0021457672,
0.3547363281,
-0.0064697266,
0.0425720215,
0.6123046875,
0.1572265625,
0.6845703125,
-0.578125,
0.8413085938,
0.3122558594,
0.7612304688,
0.294921875,
0.2043457031,
-0.2026367188,
0.51171875,
0.2895507812,
0.8247070312,
0.3198242188,
0.0720214844,
-0.6352539062,
-0.6259765625,
-0.1832275391,
-0.4912109375,
1.123046875,
-0.2072753906,
-0.5004882812,
0.1716308594,
0.9428710938,
0.110168457,
0.3359375,
0.9252929688,
-0.3645019531,
0.4458007812,
-0.515625,
0.7416992188,
0.0182800293,
-0.9750976562,
0.2673339844,
-0.1041870117,
-0.9150390625,
0.5737304688,
-0.4855957031,
-0.5166015625,
0.0759887695,
0.552734375,
-0.3154296875,
0.0259857178,
-1.568359375,
0.328125,
-0.091796875,
-0.1583251953,
-0.4318847656,
0.2199707031,
1.0537109375,
-0.1246337891,
-0.2507324219,
0.055847168,
-0.7119140625,
-0.2308349609,
-0.2030029297,
0.076965332,
0.2025146484,
1.021484375,
-0.7099609375,
-0.2015380859,
-0.6166992188,
-0.1490478516,
-0.4274902344,
-0.81640625,
-0.5068359375,
-0.77734375,
-0.2504882812,
0.0755615234,
0.5458984375,
0.0710449219,
0.7514648438,
1.021484375,
0.5249023438,
0.4462890625,
0.1025390625,
0.173828125,
-0.6752929688,
-0.2086181641,
0.3791503906,
0.833984375,
0.1958007812,
0.2357177734,
0.2266845703,
0.4460449219,
0.3522949219,
0.1008911133,
-0.3725585938,
-0.1727294922,
0.3881835938,
-0.3676757812,
0.4445800781,
0.6235351562,
-0.568359375,
0.5200195312,
-0.8090820312,
0.2888183594,
-0.9809570312,
-0.9721679688,
0.2690429688,
-0.64453125,
-0.595703125,
0.2301025391,
-0.1845703125,
-0.6357421875,
-0.1981201172,
0.19140625,
0.2258300781,
0.0677490234,
-0.1389160156,
-0.5786132812,
-0.0830688477,
-0.2344970703,
0.8212890625,
0.2072753906,
-0.5991210938,
0.0266723633,
-0.0928344727,
0.1412353516,
0.4545898438,
-0.0791015625,
-0.6967773438,
-0.0854492188,
0.642578125,
1.544921875,
-0.8603515625,
-0.3742675781,
-0.2310791016,
0.6352539062,
-0.1834716797,
-14.2890625,
-2.10546875,
0.3864746094,
0.0635986328,
-1.6064453125,
0.3239746094,
0.3161621094,
0.2259521484,
0.1541748047,
0.5180664062,
0.1799316406,
1.5234375,
-0.4467773438,
0.1172485352,
0.4633789062,
-0.251953125,
-0.0736083984,
0.0944213867,
-0.8784179688,
-0.3359375,
0.0348510742,
1.0732421875,
-0.59765625,
0.65234375,
-0.9091796875,
0.1088867188,
0.9243164062,
-1.0517578125,
0.2861328125,
0.677734375,
-0.3190917969,
0.1442871094,
-0.0744018555,
0.5620117188,
-0.0193023682,
-0.6494140625,
0.1291503906,
0.5166015625,
0.8515625,
0.0316467285,
-1.361328125,
0.2335205078,
0.0958251953,
-0.0040054321,
0.1024780273,
1.060546875,
-0.2565917969,
-0.4223632812,
-0.0576782227,
-1.083984375,
0.0961914062,
1.005859375,
0.4855957031,
-0.3745117188,
-1.248046875,
-0.6025390625,
-1.3623046875,
0.958984375,
-0.7348632812,
0.466796875,
-0.73828125,
0.7421875,
0.9306640625,
-0.3332519531,
-0.3630371094,
-0.9838867188,
-0.8603515625,
0.0343322754,
-0.3039550781,
-0.2817382812,
-0.2191162109,
-0.0915527344,
1.6376953125,
-0.1612548828,
-0.1104125977,
0.4072265625,
0.3295898438,
-0.4328613281,
0.7377929688,
-0.587890625,
-0.6518554688,
-0.3454589844
] |
Huygens, in his investigation of double refraction, noticed something that he could not explain: when light passes through two similarly oriented calcite crystals at normal incidence, the ordinary ray emerging from the first crystal suffers only the ordinary refraction in the second, while the extraordinary ray emerging from the first suffers only the extraordinary refraction in the second; but when the second crystal is rotated 90° about the incident rays, the roles are interchanged, so that the ordinary ray emerging from the first crystal suffers only the extraordinary refraction in the second, and vice versa. This discovery gave Newton another reason to reject the wave theory: rays of light evidently had "sides". Corpuscles could have sides (or poles, as they would later be called); but waves of light could not, because (so it seemed) any such waves would need to be longitudinal (with vibrations in the direction of propagation). Newton offered an alternative "Rule" for the extraordinary refraction, which rode on his authority through the 18th century, although he made "no known attempt to deduce it from any principles of optics, corpuscular or otherwise." In 1808, the extraordinary refraction of calcite was investigated experimentally, with unprecedented accuracy, by Étienne-Louis Malus, and found to be consistent with Huygens's spheroid construction, not Newton's "Rule". | [
-1.046875,
-0.0977783203,
0.1501464844,
-0.4255371094,
-0.2868652344,
0.0965576172,
0.6196289062,
-0.2858886719,
1.06640625,
0.4641113281,
-0.6665039062,
-0.509765625,
0.2122802734,
-1.08984375,
0.0534362793,
-0.3823242188,
-0.4655761719,
-0.1209716797,
-0.0493469238,
0.1605224609,
-0.6552734375,
-0.7685546875,
-0.2648925781,
-0.68359375,
-1.13671875,
-0.6279296875,
-0.2932128906,
-0.1729736328,
-0.0244598389,
0.466796875,
0.37890625,
0.1899414062,
-0.1340332031,
-0.599609375,
0.2827148438,
1.2880859375,
-0.0375976562,
0.1322021484,
0.1571044922,
-0.2384033203,
-0.7915039062,
-0.3530273438,
-0.5952148438,
-0.9755859375,
0.603515625,
-0.0305633545,
-0.0562438965,
0.32421875,
-0.1839599609,
-1.130859375,
0.0079421997,
-0.3188476562,
0.0690917969,
-0.1246948242,
-0.0000642538,
-0.4873046875,
0.1940917969,
-0.583984375,
-0.2983398438,
0.4716796875,
-0.0080413818,
0.8349609375,
-0.42578125,
-0.8657226562,
0.802734375,
-0.4658203125,
-0.1243286133,
-0.2005615234,
0.1468505859,
0.2188720703,
-0.3928222656,
0.2406005859,
-0.8764648438,
-0.7163085938,
-0.3803710938,
-0.3625488281,
-1.7353515625,
0.3889160156,
0.9150390625,
1.2724609375,
-0.2978515625,
-0.802734375,
-0.1751708984,
-1.125,
-1.1591796875,
-0.022567749,
-0.0102920532,
0.0908203125,
-1.169921875,
0.9716796875,
0.1286621094,
-0.3264160156,
-0.787109375,
0.94921875,
0.3322753906,
-0.1218261719,
-0.2445068359,
-1.591796875,
-1.208984375,
-0.0977783203,
0.5405273438,
-0.4528808594,
0.6044921875,
0.2741699219,
-0.376953125,
0.7221679688,
-0.396484375,
-0.8627929688,
-0.3498535156,
0.4748535156,
-0.2462158203,
-0.2958984375,
0.533203125,
-0.5385742188,
-1.142578125,
0.8046875,
-1.048828125,
-0.4250488281,
-0.2551269531,
-0.4697265625,
0.5537109375,
-0.2169189453,
0.2468261719,
-0.6733398438,
0.1424560547,
0.9663085938,
-0.1646728516,
-0.3432617188,
-0.2746582031,
0.2257080078,
0.0252990723,
-0.0112609863,
0.1817626953,
0.1947021484,
-0.4775390625,
-0.6279296875,
-0.2841796875,
-0.2279052734,
0.2055664062,
-0.5986328125,
0.2924804688,
0.1910400391,
0.1571044922,
0.3625488281,
-0.1298828125,
-0.4128417969,
0.0821533203,
0.0684814453,
-0.9853515625,
0.4897460938,
-1.1650390625,
-0.090637207,
0.5107421875,
-0.2568359375,
0.4055175781,
0.4514160156,
-0.150390625,
0.2104492188,
-0.5620117188,
-0.6215820312,
-0.6958007812,
-0.20703125,
-1.171875,
-0.4587402344,
-0.1552734375,
0.552734375,
-1.037109375,
-0.4321289062,
0.1100463867,
0.6708984375,
-0.1466064453,
0.154296875,
0.1499023438,
-0.0951538086,
0.5537109375,
-0.48828125,
0.8310546875,
-0.3342285156,
-0.4692382812,
0.2459716797,
0.6103515625,
-0.69140625,
-0.1734619141,
-0.8784179688,
0.5991210938,
-0.0458374023,
0.4572753906,
0.0606384277,
-0.51171875,
-0.0540771484,
-0.4172363281,
1.5224609375,
-0.5322265625,
-0.591796875,
-0.1588134766,
0.5229492188,
-0.8955078125,
-0.2998046875,
0.4755859375,
0.0039787292,
0.0166473389,
0.408203125,
1.408203125,
1.09375,
0.2687988281,
-0.1586914062,
1.0166015625,
-0.1728515625,
-0.1267089844,
0.3283691406,
-0.5278320312,
0.0355834961,
0.275390625,
0.5234375,
0.9521484375,
-0.4543457031,
0.1861572266,
-0.1011962891,
0.3317871094,
-1.23828125,
0.5830078125,
0.5966796875,
-1.26171875,
1.2880859375,
-0.8598632812,
0.1383056641,
0.1125488281,
1.2470703125,
0.5786132812,
-0.2641601562,
-0.2224121094,
-0.703125,
-1.1455078125,
0.1569824219,
0.0939941406,
0.4057617188,
-0.3666992188,
-2.109375,
-0.357421875,
-0.9995117188,
-0.0752563477,
0.4213867188,
-0.2619628906,
-0.1442871094,
-0.1533203125,
-0.4350585938,
0.6616210938,
-0.3491210938,
-0.2736816406,
1.009765625,
0.1270751953,
-0.1898193359,
0.2976074219,
-0.1861572266,
-0.0867919922,
0.765625,
0.1079711914,
-0.1373291016,
-0.6547851562,
0.7783203125,
-0.1732177734,
0.3369140625,
0.626953125,
-0.2301025391,
1.1162109375,
-0.2092285156,
0.2741699219,
-0.4006347656,
0.0944824219,
0.5083007812,
0.1340332031,
-0.1820068359,
0.2783203125,
0.0030441284,
0.2076416016,
-0.1058959961,
-0.2697753906,
-0.9633789062,
0.4406738281,
-0.5200195312,
-0.1359863281,
-0.8798828125,
-1.05859375,
-0.486328125,
0.6625976562,
1.33203125,
0.9833984375,
-0.2462158203,
-0.2047119141,
1.099609375,
0.3681640625,
-0.4497070312,
-1.0498046875,
0.9775390625,
0.8349609375,
-0.5620117188,
-0.2770996094,
0.0655517578,
-0.2507324219,
0.697265625,
0.2048339844,
1.025390625,
0.0592041016,
0.1795654297,
0.3947753906,
0.6743164062,
-0.4807128906,
0.6206054688,
-0.7548828125,
0.0414428711,
0.2556152344,
0.2290039062,
0.5234375,
-1.005859375,
-0.443359375,
0.2475585938,
0.5883789062,
-0.2440185547,
0.2900390625,
0.0957641602,
-0.2204589844,
0.4138183594,
-0.1541748047,
-1.146484375,
0.2071533203,
0.466796875,
-0.3002929688,
-0.8588867188,
0.0157775879,
-0.1374511719,
0.568359375,
-0.0567016602,
0.2951660156,
1.4443359375,
-0.6748046875,
0.4350585938,
-0.390625,
0.662109375,
-0.5961914062,
-0.5498046875,
-0.4582519531,
0.2415771484,
-0.7763671875,
0.3674316406,
-0.0120162964,
0.0731811523,
-1.2509765625,
0.33984375,
0.861328125,
-0.0886230469,
-0.0869750977,
-0.5068359375,
-0.5268554688,
-0.7724609375,
-0.55078125,
0.5625,
0.0809326172,
-0.9194335938,
-0.0540466309,
0.4694824219,
0.0822143555,
-0.4494628906,
-0.0903320312,
-0.0050811768,
-0.6450195312,
-0.0212402344,
-0.1492919922,
0.1676025391,
0.5864257812,
-0.0953369141,
-0.2939453125,
0.2624511719,
-0.7026367188,
0.1387939453,
-0.732421875,
-0.1691894531,
-0.4643554688,
-0.951171875,
-1.1650390625,
-0.2568359375,
-0.4877929688,
-0.2651367188,
-0.7045898438,
-1.0693359375,
0.9833984375,
0.0210571289,
-0.1223144531,
-0.2261962891,
-0.6342773438,
0.028137207,
0.9711914062,
0.79296875,
-0.4450683594,
-0.2236328125,
-0.4609375,
0.0759887695,
0.1413574219,
-1.1962890625,
-0.6196289062,
-0.0104598999,
0.470703125,
-1.595703125,
-0.073059082,
0.8793945312,
0.1837158203,
0.3698730469,
1.4970703125,
0.0791015625,
0.3413085938,
0.1105957031,
0.0233459473,
-0.1380615234,
-0.1552734375,
0.52734375,
-0.6821289062,
0.0159606934,
0.4133300781,
-0.1466064453,
0.4912109375,
-0.3591308594,
-0.5151367188,
-0.4560546875,
-0.4736328125,
0.3635253906,
0.7202148438,
0.7197265625,
-0.3139648438,
0.2194824219,
-0.3715820312,
-0.1685791016,
-0.2573242188,
1.0556640625,
-0.1520996094,
0.5947265625,
0.1372070312,
0.1691894531,
-0.1594238281,
0.3955078125,
0.1154174805,
-0.1944580078,
-0.4406738281,
0.7646484375,
-0.5512695312,
0.6342773438,
0.68359375,
0.9184570312,
-0.2905273438,
-0.7534179688,
-0.1296386719,
-0.2937011719,
-0.1257324219,
0.7797851562,
0.2548828125,
0.7314453125,
1.4326171875,
-0.658203125,
0.3083496094,
0.3029785156,
-0.4509277344,
-0.2778320312,
0.1165161133,
0.2963867188,
-0.119934082,
-0.2277832031,
0.63671875,
-1.255859375,
-0.7666015625,
1.6259765625,
-0.3391113281,
-0.0025272369,
-0.1655273438,
0.0791015625,
-0.970703125,
-0.9052734375,
-0.669921875,
-0.0359191895,
-0.4719238281,
-0.4145507812,
0.8974609375,
0.5024414062,
1.669921875,
0.7397460938,
0.2386474609,
-0.3249511719,
-0.4272460938,
-0.2895507812,
-0.4382324219,
-0.0780639648,
-0.1712646484,
-0.0388183594,
0.2037353516,
-0.2822265625,
-0.1895751953,
-0.1189575195,
-0.0075416565,
-0.1561279297,
-1.22265625,
0.2432861328,
-1.90234375,
-0.4182128906,
0.2951660156,
-0.7490234375,
0.1977539062,
0.1707763672,
-0.1252441406,
0.7895507812,
0.5444335938,
0.4077148438,
1.3583984375,
0.9658203125,
-0.2065429688,
-0.3537597656,
0.8198242188,
-0.0831298828,
0.2687988281,
-0.8466796875,
0.1267089844,
0.9926757812,
-0.3037109375,
1.4638671875,
0.2075195312,
0.3654785156,
0.2235107422,
-0.4145507812,
-0.1730957031,
0.3278808594,
-0.2663574219,
-0.6865234375,
-1.138671875,
0.0164642334,
0.9599609375,
-0.1173095703,
0.4079589844,
-0.4633789062,
-0.7319335938,
0.1770019531,
0.6640625,
0.9653320312,
0.50390625,
0.3520507812,
0.6333007812,
0.93359375,
-0.0205841064,
0.1263427734,
0.69921875,
0.671875,
0.984375,
-0.3410644531,
-0.7856445312,
0.4516601562,
-0.0941772461,
0.0232391357,
0.734375,
0.5834960938,
-0.0607299805,
-0.8647460938,
0.1290283203,
-0.4309082031,
1.0146484375,
-0.1986083984,
-0.9213867188,
0.0745849609,
0.3493652344,
-0.419921875,
-0.027053833,
0.1892089844,
-0.2770996094,
-0.30078125,
0.3605957031,
-0.2834472656,
-0.0791625977,
-0.822265625,
0.4697265625,
0.1335449219,
-1.1064453125,
-0.7783203125,
0.1112060547,
-0.61328125,
0.4521484375,
-1.06640625,
-0.2150878906,
-0.1339111328,
0.509765625,
0.1949462891,
0.3110351562,
0.6401367188,
0.6645507812,
-1.166015625,
-0.5415039062,
-0.7890625,
-0.6362304688,
-0.1834716797,
0.3706054688,
-0.3566894531,
1.7294921875,
-0.1928710938,
-2.6953125,
0.1494140625,
1.0693359375,
0.1231079102,
0.3427734375,
0.0994262695,
-0.3269042969,
0.8447265625,
0.8784179688,
-0.4809570312,
0.3337402344,
0.8974609375,
0.1453857422,
0.6499023438,
0.2252197266,
-0.2534179688,
0.7587890625,
-0.3830566406,
-0.0542297363,
0.5249023438,
-0.5400390625,
-0.5283203125,
-0.4040527344,
-1.373046875,
0.138671875,
0.7275390625,
0.7265625,
1.05859375,
1.1025390625,
0.3876953125,
-0.0042076111,
-0.2091064453,
0.0643310547,
0.2186279297,
0.1512451172,
-1.0244140625,
0.6669921875,
0.2445068359,
0.7192382812,
0.1302490234,
-0.3000488281,
0.6362304688,
0.2900390625,
0.5830078125,
0.1489257812,
-0.1068725586,
-0.3767089844,
-0.3928222656,
0.4304199219,
-0.13671875,
0.9614257812,
1.0625,
-0.6137695312,
0.6411132812,
0.3935546875,
0.8217773438,
-0.1602783203,
-0.3332519531,
-0.6083984375,
0.2648925781,
-0.1260986328,
-0.7299804688,
0.6791992188,
-0.4973144531,
1.029296875,
-0.1149902344,
0.5302734375,
0.0382385254,
-0.3630371094,
1.513671875,
0.1274414062,
-0.3059082031,
-0.4331054688,
-0.6762695312,
0.3029785156,
-0.916015625,
-0.3161621094,
0.3564453125,
-0.1673583984,
-0.1447753906,
-0.3229980469,
-0.2370605469,
-0.3627929688,
1.07421875,
0.203125,
0.1259765625,
-0.7260742188,
0.451171875,
-0.1188964844,
0.2203369141,
-0.5424804688,
0.7036132812,
-0.8579101562,
-0.193359375,
0.0710449219,
0.5341796875,
-1.529296875,
-0.4384765625,
-1.6904296875,
-0.5268554688,
-0.4055175781,
0.6640625,
-1.0771484375,
-0.4553222656,
1.1181640625,
0.8056640625,
-0.5869140625,
0.2551269531,
-0.5356445312,
0.4116210938,
-0.069152832,
-0.2995605469,
0.66796875,
-1.224609375,
-0.8837890625,
-0.6435546875,
0.7885742188,
0.3449707031,
0.7241210938,
-0.3129882812,
-0.4645996094,
1.4970703125,
0.8349609375,
0.6918945312,
-0.2213134766,
0.4326171875,
-0.4899902344,
-0.4597167969,
-0.759765625,
0.6928710938,
-0.3234863281,
-0.6484375,
-1.2177734375,
-0.4191894531,
0.2780761719,
-0.1531982422,
-0.0516662598,
-0.47265625,
-0.2254638672,
0.2302246094,
1.1103515625,
-0.51953125,
0.3718261719,
0.6245117188,
-0.1694335938,
-1.2119140625,
-0.1187133789,
-0.1853027344,
-0.2619628906,
-0.2487792969,
1.0703125,
0.6787109375,
0.5200195312,
-0.7387695312,
-1.2373046875,
0.035736084,
0.6884765625,
0.1444091797,
-0.2022705078,
-0.4521484375,
-0.6333007812,
-0.5361328125,
0.513671875,
0.1889648438,
-0.03074646,
0.1279296875,
-0.3020019531,
-0.3037109375,
-0.1568603516,
0.1569824219,
-0.4577636719,
0.806640625,
-0.000895977,
0.8393554688,
-0.580078125,
1.0224609375,
-0.1806640625,
-0.4423828125,
0.1195068359,
-0.2854003906,
-0.2585449219,
-1.123046875,
0.9497070312,
0.3483886719,
-1.1494140625,
-0.0870361328,
-0.8759765625,
-0.3168945312,
-0.3129882812,
-0.4536132812,
0.1398925781,
1.607421875,
-0.7338867188,
-0.6508789062,
0.1190185547,
0.4846191406,
0.8959960938,
0.8383789062,
0.015083313,
0.4084472656,
-0.1341552734,
-0.708984375,
-0.4741210938,
-0.0653686523,
0.603515625,
-0.2131347656,
-0.837890625,
-0.4509277344,
-1.3125,
-0.2509765625,
0.3276367188,
0.0407409668,
0.3088378906,
0.5712890625,
0.8383789062,
-0.1027832031,
-0.7021484375,
0.46484375,
0.611328125,
-0.482421875,
0.6372070312,
0.1906738281,
0.2331542969,
-0.0861816406,
0.130859375,
0.154296875,
0.9409179688,
-0.3256835938,
0.9423828125,
0.6918945312,
-0.0405578613,
0.0581054688,
-0.6987304688,
-0.3796386719,
0.25390625,
0.541015625,
-0.2985839844,
-0.0538635254,
0.6494140625,
1.3662109375,
0.5537109375,
0.4155273438,
0.5029296875,
-0.8046875,
0.5302734375,
-0.6650390625,
1.0927734375,
-0.0109329224,
-1.4736328125,
-0.7255859375,
0.1063232422,
-0.0493164062,
0.193359375,
-0.5971679688,
-0.2376708984,
0.2208251953,
0.1683349609,
-0.3298339844,
-0.2410888672,
-0.0534667969,
-0.4816894531,
-0.3952636719,
0.1872558594,
0.287109375,
0.3171386719,
0.46875,
-0.2056884766,
-0.8676757812,
-0.3464355469,
-0.6572265625,
-0.3771972656,
0.2164306641,
0.2639160156,
-0.1768798828,
0.76953125,
-0.4448242188,
-0.5751953125,
-0.283203125,
-0.3889160156,
0.6069335938,
-0.1396484375,
-0.8720703125,
-0.5732421875,
-0.0834350586,
-0.5043945312,
-0.1577148438,
0.1505126953,
1.3046875,
1.150390625,
0.1311035156,
-0.3420410156,
-0.3439941406,
-0.2687988281,
-0.6967773438,
-0.3278808594,
-0.017364502,
0.6704101562,
0.7216796875,
-0.1065063477,
-0.029800415,
0.646484375,
0.86328125,
-0.0969848633,
-0.8295898438,
-0.30859375,
0.0015325546,
-0.0699462891,
-0.1398925781,
-0.1402587891,
-0.6044921875,
0.6376953125,
-1.0322265625,
0.9736328125,
0.3176269531,
-1.1474609375,
-0.6474609375,
-0.90625,
0.1326904297,
0.4914550781,
-0.4736328125,
-0.2719726562,
-0.2971191406,
-0.0179748535,
-0.2976074219,
-0.400390625,
0.1483154297,
0.3020019531,
0.1281738281,
-0.2995605469,
1.0380859375,
0.412109375,
-0.556640625,
0.5849609375,
-0.224609375,
0.2244873047,
1.1533203125,
0.3842773438,
-0.6923828125,
-0.6147460938,
0.7861328125,
0.9326171875,
-0.6875,
0.2712402344,
-0.509765625,
0.650390625,
0.0137023926,
-13.84375,
-1.935546875,
0.2449951172,
-0.4958496094,
-0.66796875,
0.681640625,
-0.0751953125,
-0.69140625,
0.3474121094,
-0.4018554688,
0.4633789062,
1.5712890625,
-0.3571777344,
-0.8295898438,
0.314453125,
-0.1431884766,
-0.001958847,
0.1672363281,
-0.638671875,
-0.1397705078,
0.4443359375,
1.0869140625,
-0.3510742188,
1,
-1.0556640625,
-0.5180664062,
0.3205566406,
-0.6259765625,
0.2990722656,
1.2001953125,
-0.2570800781,
0.1396484375,
-0.5190429688,
0.6733398438,
-0.4567871094,
-0.1511230469,
1.1005859375,
0.7368164062,
-0.118347168,
-0.658203125,
-1.15234375,
0.1068725586,
-0.2015380859,
0.2658691406,
0.5283203125,
0.533203125,
-0.4484863281,
-0.6533203125,
0.0727539062,
-0.9477539062,
1.1806640625,
0.6376953125,
0.5400390625,
0.31640625,
-0.9794921875,
-0.5092773438,
-1.51953125,
0.693359375,
0.1040039062,
0.2415771484,
-1.095703125,
0.8715820312,
0.8828125,
-0.0789794922,
-0.8208007812,
-0.861328125,
-1.267578125,
-0.5317382812,
-0.1441650391,
-0.4357910156,
0.3481445312,
-0.4306640625,
1.8662109375,
-0.0885009766,
-0.1744384766,
0.6943359375,
0.5244140625,
-0.6220703125,
0.2954101562,
0.896484375,
-0.439453125,
-0.5854492188
] |
Malus, encouraged by Pierre-Simon Laplace, then sought to explain this law in corpuscular terms: from the known relation between the incident and refracted ray directions, Malus derived the corpuscular velocity (as a function of direction) that would satisfy Maupertuis's "least action" principle. But, as Young pointed out, the existence of such a velocity law was guaranteed by Huygens's spheroid, because Huygens's construction leads to Fermat's principle, which becomes Maupertuis's principle if the ray speed is replaced by the reciprocal of the particle speed! The corpuscularists had not found a force law that would yield the alleged velocity law, except by a circular argument in which a force acting at the surface of the crystal inexplicably depended on the direction of the (possibly subsequent) velocity within the crystal. Worse, it was doubtful that any such force would satisfy the conditions of Maupertuis's principle. In contrast, Young proceeded to show that "a medium more easily compressible in one direction than in any direction perpendicular to it, as if it consisted of an infinite number of parallel plates connected by a substance somewhat less elastic" admits spheroidal longitudinal wavefronts, as Huygens supposed. But Malus, in the midst of his experiments on double refraction, noticed something else: when a ray of light is reflected off a non-metallic surface at the appropriate angle, it behaves like one of the two rays emerging from a calcite crystal. | [
-0.3447265625,
0.0775756836,
0.6430664062,
-0.3493652344,
-0.7875976562,
0.2514648438,
0.8642578125,
0.6284179688,
0.0758666992,
0.2236328125,
-0.3852539062,
-0.625,
0.1501464844,
-0.400390625,
0.8623046875,
-0.1721191406,
-0.703125,
-0.326171875,
-0.3500976562,
0.6264648438,
-0.3464355469,
-0.7783203125,
-0.7104492188,
-0.8422851562,
-1.0830078125,
-0.2327880859,
0.2722167969,
0.2250976562,
0.5717773438,
-0.27734375,
0.1389160156,
-0.3315429688,
-0.2487792969,
-0.8286132812,
0.28515625,
1.62890625,
-0.3442382812,
0.328125,
0.0576477051,
-0.3273925781,
-0.6826171875,
-0.3735351562,
0.0450744629,
-0.3737792969,
0.3359375,
0.0262451172,
0.189453125,
0.3747558594,
-0.7451171875,
-1.3330078125,
-0.0881347656,
-0.0956420898,
-0.1859130859,
-0.3444824219,
-0.1174316406,
-1.2841796875,
0.1917724609,
0.095703125,
0.3928222656,
0.1575927734,
-0.5522460938,
0.8779296875,
-0.1403808594,
-1.2958984375,
0.16015625,
-0.1093139648,
-0.279296875,
-0.359375,
0.0447998047,
0.6831054688,
-0.322265625,
0.1257324219,
-0.0581054688,
-1.119140625,
-0.0855712891,
-0.7509765625,
-2.263671875,
-0.0638427734,
0.0966796875,
1.0341796875,
-0.1011352539,
-1.0234375,
-0.6997070312,
-0.6142578125,
-0.9311523438,
-0.748046875,
1.0849609375,
0.0034446716,
-1.05078125,
1.548828125,
-0.2551269531,
-0.8286132812,
-0.7841796875,
0.4912109375,
-0.2509765625,
0.3803710938,
-0.6625976562,
-1.9072265625,
-0.6748046875,
-0.1574707031,
0.1202392578,
-0.7553710938,
0.6147460938,
-0.1848144531,
0.0226745605,
0.7700195312,
-0.2863769531,
-0.5849609375,
0.7841796875,
0.3286132812,
-0.4709472656,
-0.9697265625,
0.482421875,
0.2626953125,
-0.8125,
0.4252929688,
-0.451171875,
-0.353515625,
-0.2398681641,
0.17578125,
0.5732421875,
0.1798095703,
0.5439453125,
-0.302734375,
0.4826660156,
0.5766601562,
-0.1978759766,
-0.978515625,
0.28515625,
0.3874511719,
-0.1964111328,
0.2502441406,
0.1342773438,
0.564453125,
-0.2604980469,
0.1134033203,
-0.3806152344,
0.1369628906,
0.5512695312,
0.0390014648,
0.1130981445,
0.3764648438,
-0.2038574219,
1.0078125,
0.5991210938,
-0.4067382812,
-0.58203125,
-0.1370849609,
-0.1936035156,
0.3754882812,
-0.9428710938,
-0.291015625,
0.6411132812,
-0.4479980469,
0.4477539062,
0.2624511719,
0.0109863281,
0.1539306641,
-0.7587890625,
-0.4924316406,
-0.740234375,
0.0998535156,
-1.0302734375,
-0.7138671875,
-0.3642578125,
0.0833740234,
-0.3527832031,
-0.8310546875,
-0.4348144531,
0.4226074219,
-0.9331054688,
0.3474121094,
0.0182342529,
-0.1200561523,
-0.2810058594,
-1.2412109375,
0.5161132812,
-0.6411132812,
0.2585449219,
0.3237304688,
0.7421875,
-0.6811523438,
0.2021484375,
-0.8022460938,
0.0026683807,
-0.4272460938,
0.869140625,
-0.2496337891,
0.3454589844,
-0.6943359375,
-0.9931640625,
0.7592773438,
-0.505859375,
-0.44140625,
-0.1168212891,
0.5952148438,
-1.162109375,
-0.0651245117,
0.0188751221,
-0.2741699219,
0.5786132812,
0.82421875,
0.9545898438,
1.1025390625,
0.0676879883,
-0.3974609375,
0.7612304688,
-0.6411132812,
0.5209960938,
0.5419921875,
-0.0448608398,
0.6796875,
-0.2934570312,
0.0751342773,
0.3244628906,
0.2626953125,
0.7231445312,
0.5244140625,
0.6098632812,
-0.9619140625,
0.6274414062,
0.0916748047,
-1.4013671875,
0.388671875,
-0.35546875,
-0.3076171875,
0.0707397461,
1.6083984375,
0.7250976562,
0.1285400391,
0.1034545898,
-0.2751464844,
-1.310546875,
-0.0713500977,
0.3168945312,
0.400390625,
-0.3491210938,
-1.6669921875,
0.1013183594,
-1.0146484375,
-0.2900390625,
-0.9096679688,
0.0958251953,
0.0708618164,
-0.0392150879,
-0.9887695312,
0.6665039062,
0.7348632812,
-0.0358886719,
0.7734375,
0.0862426758,
0.0523681641,
0.3671875,
0.1123657227,
-0.4755859375,
0.734375,
-0.0044937134,
0.1437988281,
-0.5424804688,
1.123046875,
-0.2507324219,
0.0842285156,
0.6357421875,
-0.5717773438,
1.0888671875,
-0.66796875,
0.5239257812,
-0.2529296875,
0.2196044922,
0.2176513672,
0.7412109375,
-0.2108154297,
-0.271484375,
0.2553710938,
0.5854492188,
-0.1594238281,
-0.61328125,
-1.50390625,
0.3505859375,
-0.6997070312,
0.30078125,
-0.623046875,
-0.5561523438,
-0.1883544922,
0.5693359375,
1.515625,
1.2412109375,
-0.7333984375,
0.6245117188,
1.375,
0.2741699219,
-0.1324462891,
-0.8715820312,
0.8217773438,
0.5288085938,
0.0285644531,
-0.0524597168,
0.1237792969,
-0.1157836914,
-1.10546875,
0.1690673828,
0.998046875,
0.0749511719,
-0.0510253906,
0.7622070312,
1.0830078125,
-0.6508789062,
0.4387207031,
-0.412109375,
0.4694824219,
0.5141601562,
0.1588134766,
0.020690918,
-0.0787353516,
-0.0797119141,
-0.0733032227,
0.9233398438,
-0.2963867188,
-0.119140625,
-0.7709960938,
-0.5830078125,
-0.1237792969,
-0.3198242188,
-0.7822265625,
0.4846191406,
0.6889648438,
0.2885742188,
-0.55859375,
-0.6303710938,
0.3869628906,
0.9086914062,
-0.8569335938,
-0.3110351562,
1.2890625,
0.3732910156,
-0.1723632812,
0.2473144531,
-0.0184326172,
-0.4501953125,
-0.0665893555,
-0.1885986328,
-0.0230865479,
-0.8671875,
-0.3701171875,
0.1114501953,
0.8344726562,
-1.548828125,
0.3315429688,
1.2431640625,
-0.1494140625,
-0.0535583496,
0.3725585938,
-0.380859375,
-0.5356445312,
-0.3449707031,
0.3586425781,
-0.0941772461,
-0.396484375,
0.1771240234,
-0.3383789062,
-0.099609375,
-0.51171875,
-0.4020996094,
-0.1346435547,
-1.48046875,
-0.0232391357,
0.3203125,
0.1978759766,
0.7104492188,
0.2534179688,
-0.1727294922,
-0.0667724609,
-1.103515625,
-0.3041992188,
-0.4409179688,
-0.521484375,
-0.3698730469,
-0.1998291016,
-1.080078125,
-0.6591796875,
-0.6352539062,
-0.6640625,
-1.142578125,
-0.2052001953,
0.4182128906,
0.3032226562,
-0.552734375,
0.4196777344,
-0.85546875,
-0.1684570312,
0.865234375,
0.1458740234,
-0.4799804688,
-0.0790405273,
0.0662841797,
-0.1677246094,
0.6196289062,
-1.271484375,
-0.1837158203,
0.3486328125,
0.3259277344,
-1.3154296875,
-0.841796875,
0.7270507812,
-0.3540039062,
0.591796875,
1.673828125,
-0.5161132812,
0.5087890625,
-0.1008300781,
-0.46484375,
0.0688476562,
-0.1024780273,
0.5512695312,
-0.6181640625,
-0.5205078125,
0.62890625,
0.3833007812,
0.2244873047,
0.034362793,
-0.6870117188,
0.1120605469,
-0.0650634766,
0.0925292969,
0.9809570312,
0.3510742188,
-0.9887695312,
-0.088684082,
-0.4509277344,
-0.5439453125,
-0.055480957,
0.5361328125,
-0.509765625,
0.6264648438,
0.4404296875,
0.3928222656,
0.4350585938,
0.1361083984,
-0.4038085938,
0.0251312256,
-0.4931640625,
1.0732421875,
-0.2607421875,
0.1264648438,
0.6254882812,
1.3828125,
-0.2412109375,
-0.5546875,
0.0938110352,
0.4880371094,
-0.26171875,
0.5629882812,
0.0947265625,
0.3984375,
1.6123046875,
-0.9653320312,
0.2410888672,
0.2971191406,
-0.4594726562,
-0.1940917969,
0.3447265625,
-0.2451171875,
0.3830566406,
1.193359375,
-0.098449707,
-0.4875488281,
-0.3044433594,
1.4560546875,
-0.2014160156,
-0.2858886719,
-0.0483093262,
0.4934082031,
-1.1220703125,
-1.138671875,
-0.5444335938,
0.1865234375,
0.3220214844,
-0.035369873,
0.4467773438,
-0.4450683594,
1.2431640625,
0.8325195312,
0.1783447266,
-0.359375,
-0.7944335938,
-0.0895996094,
-0.4291992188,
-0.3037109375,
0.1328125,
-0.2376708984,
0.3151855469,
-0.0686645508,
0.0713500977,
0.4985351562,
-0.2423095703,
0.3989257812,
-1.0791015625,
0.017868042,
-0.8364257812,
0.2156982422,
-0.2783203125,
-0.3061523438,
0.082824707,
0.0057373047,
-0.1558837891,
0.9814453125,
0.1210327148,
0.1265869141,
0.8525390625,
0.83203125,
-0.3376464844,
-0.1340332031,
1.4677734375,
-0.2303466797,
-0.1117553711,
-0.576171875,
0.5366210938,
0.77734375,
-0.5307617188,
0.7133789062,
0.3974609375,
-0.1088256836,
0.0778808594,
-0.9291992188,
-0.6528320312,
0.4167480469,
-0.0911865234,
-0.2866210938,
-0.9609375,
-0.2177734375,
0.5390625,
0.0663452148,
0.0679321289,
-1.029296875,
-0.6845703125,
0.564453125,
0.5546875,
1.08203125,
1.068359375,
0.2102050781,
0.4091796875,
0.7465820312,
-0.4724121094,
0.098815918,
0.3225097656,
1.30078125,
0.5161132812,
0.4150390625,
-0.4650878906,
0.4926757812,
-0.6669921875,
-0.1059570312,
0.474609375,
-0.0770263672,
-0.3532714844,
-0.4645996094,
-0.1325683594,
-0.7045898438,
0.4963378906,
0.1428222656,
-0.287109375,
0.33203125,
-0.1524658203,
-0.4423828125,
-0.2293701172,
-0.4421386719,
-0.7587890625,
-0.525390625,
-0.625,
0.4326171875,
0.0185241699,
-1.2763671875,
0.1262207031,
-0.2609863281,
-0.9013671875,
-0.3305664062,
0.2022705078,
-0.4792480469,
0.3151855469,
-0.634765625,
-0.6333007812,
-0.5297851562,
0.2470703125,
0.3713378906,
0.1282958984,
-0.0056266785,
0.3813476562,
-0.7373046875,
-0.705078125,
-0.6401367188,
-0.0034828186,
-0.5952148438,
0.2873535156,
0.0258789062,
1.328125,
0.3317871094,
-1.5830078125,
0.2739257812,
0.1569824219,
-0.1199951172,
0.4587402344,
0.7485351562,
-0.9448242188,
0.3249511719,
1.3486328125,
-0.4057617188,
-0.3186035156,
0.4558105469,
0.3959960938,
0.7685546875,
0.4445800781,
-0.3041992188,
0.7456054688,
-0.4738769531,
0.0182647705,
0.1760253906,
-0.6889648438,
-0.7905273438,
-0.6254882812,
-1.16796875,
-0.6069335938,
0.0567932129,
1.0244140625,
0.3703613281,
1.326171875,
-0.0773925781,
-0.1712646484,
0.1008300781,
-0.8979492188,
-0.1098022461,
-0.3508300781,
-1.1748046875,
0.1954345703,
0.26953125,
0.3935546875,
0.3435058594,
0.0235290527,
0.5615234375,
0.3200683594,
0.2709960938,
0.2341308594,
-0.1461181641,
-0.6391601562,
-0.1756591797,
1.35546875,
0.1353759766,
0.423828125,
0.6811523438,
-0.724609375,
0.3386230469,
0.5327148438,
0.0767822266,
-0.0120315552,
-0.4467773438,
-1.326171875,
0.1418457031,
-0.2785644531,
-0.6396484375,
1.1416015625,
-0.7006835938,
0.986328125,
0.3696289062,
0.2053222656,
0.369140625,
-0.4013671875,
1.111328125,
0.0791015625,
-0.0232391357,
-0.9223632812,
-0.6186523438,
-0.1110839844,
-0.9301757812,
-0.4182128906,
0.8500976562,
-0.1844482422,
-0.8149414062,
-0.0769042969,
0.0433959961,
-0.0219421387,
1.7705078125,
-0.5649414062,
-0.1870117188,
-0.3442382812,
0.1171264648,
0.2670898438,
-0.1856689453,
-0.7104492188,
0.4223632812,
-0.771484375,
0.0476989746,
0.4853515625,
0.779296875,
-1.96484375,
-0.623046875,
-1.3955078125,
-1.30078125,
-0.0933837891,
0.3583984375,
-0.1193237305,
-0.4929199219,
0.8129882812,
0.1462402344,
-0.7060546875,
0.4450683594,
-0.0294189453,
-0.4819335938,
0.2849121094,
-0.1884765625,
0.5190429688,
-0.857421875,
-0.58203125,
-0.0894775391,
0.5268554688,
0.6240234375,
0.8408203125,
-0.3120117188,
-0.6088867188,
0.912109375,
0.9443359375,
0.8178710938,
0.275390625,
0.4653320312,
-0.931640625,
-0.2049560547,
-0.3193359375,
0.3076171875,
-0.1057739258,
-0.5815429688,
0.1287841797,
-0.0097961426,
-0.6469726562,
0.1882324219,
0.3374023438,
-0.5888671875,
-0.7563476562,
0.783203125,
1.05859375,
0.3220214844,
0.8149414062,
1.12890625,
-0.306640625,
-1.052734375,
0.2322998047,
0.0110931396,
-0.0269927979,
-0.1267089844,
0.9375,
0.4409179688,
0.0855712891,
0.4860839844,
-1.1064453125,
-0.1682128906,
0.7788085938,
-0.2958984375,
0.0059394836,
0.0910644531,
-0.423828125,
-0.2401123047,
0.599609375,
0.1350097656,
-0.2890625,
-0.0836791992,
-0.3947753906,
-0.0078811646,
-0.1583251953,
0.2469482422,
0.0671386719,
0.9516601562,
0.0241088867,
0.8955078125,
-0.3872070312,
0.8955078125,
-0.2379150391,
-0.5366210938,
0.2064208984,
0.1729736328,
-0.1402587891,
-1.0673828125,
0.8237304688,
-0.3229980469,
-0.9594726562,
-0.708984375,
-0.6254882812,
-0.3410644531,
0.00440979,
-0.0818481445,
0.1568603516,
1.328125,
-0.3957519531,
-0.6284179688,
0.2802734375,
0.2951660156,
0.4069824219,
0.7255859375,
0.0247497559,
0.4819335938,
-0.1787109375,
-0.5825195312,
0.611328125,
0.0442504883,
0.6220703125,
-0.3427734375,
0.2744140625,
-0.2310791016,
-1.5869140625,
-0.935546875,
0.4279785156,
-0.0991210938,
0.7827148438,
0.4138183594,
0.7670898438,
0.1530761719,
0.3513183594,
-0.1923828125,
1.51953125,
-0.9487304688,
0.6669921875,
0.0038318634,
0.59375,
-0.0060501099,
0.9956054688,
-0.1809082031,
0.744140625,
-0.2025146484,
0.7954101562,
0.4787597656,
-0.7172851562,
-0.4267578125,
0.1224365234,
-0.2866210938,
0.4741210938,
0.4812011719,
-0.6640625,
-0.118347168,
0.4836425781,
1.0107421875,
1.041015625,
0.4145507812,
-0.1571044922,
-0.724609375,
0.1221313477,
-0.5224609375,
1.083984375,
-0.0099487305,
-1.04296875,
-0.1820068359,
-0.2088623047,
-0.1916503906,
-0.2775878906,
-0.4465332031,
0.0417785645,
0.0723266602,
-0.6567382812,
-0.4301757812,
-0.0293731689,
-0.3745117188,
-0.3212890625,
-0.8681640625,
0.30078125,
-0.0344543457,
0.6391601562,
0.3835449219,
-0.2420654297,
-0.6420898438,
-0.2507324219,
-0.984375,
-0.3293457031,
0.5776367188,
0.0550537109,
0.0161743164,
0.4104003906,
-0.5336914062,
0.1488037109,
-0.873046875,
-0.1795654297,
-0.0198974609,
-0.3610839844,
-0.75,
-1.1767578125,
0.0124588013,
-0.3520507812,
-0.1539306641,
0.5073242188,
1.0830078125,
1.076171875,
0.8461914062,
-0.2939453125,
0.0473937988,
-0.40625,
-0.796875,
-0.4016113281,
0.0156860352,
1.3779296875,
0.8471679688,
-0.4533691406,
-0.069519043,
-0.1463623047,
0.8696289062,
0.1932373047,
-0.6040039062,
0.4807128906,
0.3798828125,
-0.4396972656,
-0.3015136719,
0.1387939453,
-0.0084838867,
0.5493164062,
-0.9106445312,
0.0429077148,
-0.2039794922,
-0.7919921875,
-0.7387695312,
-0.5541992188,
0.1700439453,
0.7763671875,
-0.3352050781,
0.40625,
-0.2303466797,
-0.0608520508,
0.3210449219,
-0.1220092773,
-0.0378723145,
-0.0590209961,
0.302734375,
0.0808105469,
0.2954101562,
0.0947265625,
-0.4423828125,
0.4924316406,
-0.646484375,
0.0666503906,
0.92578125,
0.4296875,
-0.6215820312,
-0.4404296875,
1.3388671875,
0.4602050781,
-0.0684204102,
0.3161621094,
-0.7885742188,
0.4653320312,
-0.5053710938,
-14.015625,
-1.87109375,
0.4748535156,
0.0001091957,
-0.4326171875,
0.505859375,
0.4909667969,
-1.1923828125,
-0.2822265625,
-0.1279296875,
0.2447509766,
1.6044921875,
0.0454711914,
-0.0223999023,
0.7231445312,
-0.578125,
-0.0776367188,
-0.548828125,
-0.4379882812,
0.6401367188,
0.7592773438,
1.1923828125,
-0.5493164062,
0.642578125,
-0.8481445312,
-0.0407104492,
0.8828125,
-0.4790039062,
-0.0471191406,
1.2421875,
-0.8173828125,
0.5200195312,
-0.541015625,
0.3430175781,
0.1578369141,
0.28515625,
0.1401367188,
0.6220703125,
0.6069335938,
-0.509765625,
-0.9604492188,
-0.4187011719,
-0.0833740234,
0.1986083984,
0.1599121094,
0.1864013672,
-0.3872070312,
-0.6069335938,
0.1368408203,
-0.4833984375,
0.53515625,
0.4650878906,
0.2021484375,
-0.33984375,
-0.7026367188,
-0.4543457031,
-1.388671875,
0.6098632812,
0.0353393555,
-0.3291015625,
-0.673828125,
0.845703125,
0.5458984375,
-0.6572265625,
-0.6455078125,
-0.5439453125,
-1.0478515625,
-1.373046875,
-0.3979492188,
-0.53125,
0.3779296875,
-0.4140625,
1.119140625,
0.4367675781,
-0.9965820312,
0.4260253906,
0.6767578125,
-0.5234375,
0.4516601562,
0.3098144531,
-0.4353027344,
-0.4626464844
] |
It was Malus who coined the term polarization to describe this behavior, although the polarizing angle became known as Brewster's angle after its dependence on the refractive index was determined experimentally by David Brewster in 1815. Malus also introduced the term plane of polarization. In the case of polarization by reflection, his "plane of polarization" was the plane of the incident and reflected rays; in modern terms, this is the plane normal to the electric vibration. In 1809, Malus further discovered that the intensity of light passing through two polarizers is proportional to the squared cosine of the angle between their planes of polarization (Malus's law), whether the polarizers work by reflection or double refraction, and that all birefringent crystals produce both extraordinary refraction and polarization. As the corpuscularists started trying to explain these things in terms of polar "molecules" of light, the wave-theorists had no working hypothesis on the nature of polarization, prompting Young to remark that Malus's observations "present greater difficulties to the advocates of the undulatory theory than any other facts with which we are acquainted." Malus died in February 1812, at the age of 36, shortly after receiving the Rumford Medal for his work on polarization. In August 1811, François Arago reported that if a thin plate of mica was viewed against a white polarized backlight through a calcite crystal, the two images of the mica were of complementary colors (the overlap having the same color as the background). | [
-0.013999939,
-0.5209960938,
0.0490722656,
0.4213867188,
-0.2164306641,
0.2125244141,
0.34375,
0.6328125,
0.9594726562,
0.4350585938,
-0.7353515625,
-0.2607421875,
-0.3522949219,
-0.4304199219,
0.4006347656,
-0.515625,
-0.3227539062,
-0.728515625,
-0.0783081055,
0.6357421875,
0.1297607422,
-0.4978027344,
-1.900390625,
0.2624511719,
-1.7099609375,
-0.4086914062,
-0.3095703125,
0.15625,
-0.1746826172,
-0.1927490234,
-0.2788085938,
-0.4360351562,
0.3525390625,
-0.4287109375,
0.4501953125,
1.03515625,
-0.5825195312,
0.3974609375,
-0.111328125,
0.3466796875,
0.1583251953,
-1.0322265625,
0.6708984375,
0.0866088867,
-0.3129882812,
0.2663574219,
0.2805175781,
0.1915283203,
-0.826171875,
-0.806640625,
-0.2126464844,
-0.5795898438,
-0.1744384766,
0.1657714844,
0.1778564453,
-0.9956054688,
0.4270019531,
-0.1259765625,
-0.0270843506,
0.0191192627,
0.0594482422,
0.4616699219,
-0.2491455078,
-1.03125,
0.0710449219,
-0.2299804688,
-0.4724121094,
0.1656494141,
-0.4873046875,
0.0776367188,
-0.171875,
0.6323242188,
0.298828125,
-1.1328125,
0.3063964844,
-1.0068359375,
-1.44140625,
-0.15625,
0.3234863281,
0.0276184082,
-0.1217041016,
-0.8134765625,
-0.0185089111,
-0.9741210938,
-1.39453125,
0.6958007812,
0.4045410156,
-0.4028320312,
-1.3056640625,
1.1943359375,
0.5493164062,
-0.4526367188,
-0.7358398438,
0.3229980469,
-0.0667724609,
0.0718383789,
-0.0970458984,
-0.7202148438,
-0.6274414062,
0.234375,
0.4155273438,
-0.9970703125,
0.0909423828,
0.9038085938,
0.150390625,
-0.0621948242,
-0.8178710938,
0.1860351562,
0.2200927734,
0.5258789062,
0.2152099609,
-0.1805419922,
0.4123535156,
0.1246337891,
-0.5063476562,
0.7470703125,
-0.2178955078,
-0.3923339844,
0.2174072266,
0.5307617188,
0.1198730469,
0.1965332031,
-0.349609375,
-0.4204101562,
0.748046875,
-0.0881347656,
-0.3549804688,
-1.9013671875,
0.1599121094,
-0.1547851562,
0.2751464844,
0.0902099609,
-0.1459960938,
0.3598632812,
0.5161132812,
0.2563476562,
-0.6967773438,
-0.1832275391,
-0.1628417969,
-0.1824951172,
-0.1795654297,
0.2111816406,
0.1383056641,
0.298828125,
0.8461914062,
-0.4719238281,
-0.2634277344,
-0.0707397461,
-0.6142578125,
0.2775878906,
-0.849609375,
-0.7109375,
0.1680908203,
0.2534179688,
-0.49609375,
0.9677734375,
-0.5009765625,
-0.8657226562,
-1.0419921875,
-0.4912109375,
-0.7026367188,
-0.4353027344,
0.0070877075,
0.2171630859,
0.0816040039,
0.74609375,
-0.6313476562,
-1.029296875,
-0.2827148438,
0.5561523438,
-0.4421386719,
0.1641845703,
-0.376953125,
0.5971679688,
-0.5004882812,
-1.0751953125,
0.6430664062,
1.0712890625,
-0.4118652344,
0.93359375,
0.541015625,
-1.0986328125,
-0.4350585938,
-0.73828125,
0.6284179688,
-0.6708984375,
0.64453125,
0.578125,
-0.1097412109,
-0.5112304688,
-0.4138183594,
0.9116210938,
-0.1633300781,
-0.662109375,
0.1319580078,
0.1136474609,
-1.259765625,
0.0889282227,
0.4362792969,
0.2436523438,
0.9345703125,
0.2827148438,
0.5932617188,
0.0732421875,
0.9169921875,
-1.115234375,
0.3527832031,
-0.1342773438,
1.1025390625,
-0.2196044922,
-0.1300048828,
0.1083374023,
-0.0103378296,
1.1962890625,
0.4025878906,
0.2235107422,
0.4035644531,
0.0005264282,
0.7822265625,
-0.7075195312,
0.0610046387,
0.2464599609,
-1.662109375,
0.3610839844,
-1.4453125,
-0.3098144531,
-0.0247650146,
0.5795898438,
0.7392578125,
0.1112060547,
0.1207275391,
0.1676025391,
-1.4501953125,
-0.1997070312,
0.2321777344,
0.7197265625,
0.0342102051,
-1.876953125,
-0.5336914062,
-1.3505859375,
-0.7993164062,
-0.203125,
-0.0856323242,
-0.4235839844,
-0.2841796875,
-1.1611328125,
0.908203125,
0.2629394531,
0.4875488281,
0.1712646484,
0.310546875,
-0.1898193359,
0.1127929688,
-0.515625,
-0.52734375,
0.4833984375,
-0.291015625,
0.6059570312,
0.7543945312,
0.3291015625,
0.1153564453,
0.3666992188,
0.5922851562,
-0.4328613281,
0.6606445312,
-0.4055175781,
0.4641113281,
-0.0767822266,
0.3063964844,
0.607421875,
0.7124023438,
-0.896484375,
-0.1221923828,
0.2978515625,
0.0885009766,
-0.0952148438,
0.1752929688,
-1.4970703125,
-0.2536621094,
-0.3330078125,
0.4895019531,
-0.0874023438,
-1.2587890625,
-1.0341796875,
0.3366699219,
0.8857421875,
0.5859375,
-0.4838867188,
-0.4602050781,
-0.33984375,
0.1428222656,
-0.5786132812,
-1.1357421875,
-0.1427001953,
0.3842773438,
-0.8081054688,
-0.2332763672,
0.5639648438,
-0.5317382812,
-0.4968261719,
0.6728515625,
1.458984375,
-0.2156982422,
-0.0279388428,
0.8583984375,
0.626953125,
-0.4255371094,
-0.2299804688,
-0.3151855469,
0.2973632812,
0.0736694336,
-0.63671875,
0.2954101562,
-1.4375,
-0.3811035156,
0.1596679688,
-0.837890625,
-0.3110351562,
-0.1475830078,
-0.0420837402,
-0.1958007812,
0.4072265625,
-0.3686523438,
-0.061126709,
0.7216796875,
0.349609375,
-0.306640625,
-0.8642578125,
-0.5029296875,
0.4892578125,
1.2646484375,
-0.0446777344,
0.0687866211,
0.369140625,
-0.30078125,
0.3317871094,
-0.318359375,
-0.5825195312,
-0.6323242188,
-0.2275390625,
0.3781738281,
-0.4028320312,
-0.4951171875,
-0.0492553711,
-0.3679199219,
1.07421875,
-1.025390625,
-0.3173828125,
0.6479492188,
-0.2280273438,
0.2922363281,
0.4572753906,
0.2856445312,
-0.1029052734,
0.1450195312,
0.0546875,
-0.345703125,
0.1984863281,
0.0911254883,
0.3498535156,
-0.271484375,
-0.1850585938,
-1.2587890625,
-0.1646728516,
-1.150390625,
-0.4829101562,
0.0874633789,
0.5546875,
0.4836425781,
0.28515625,
0.1433105469,
-0.4111328125,
-1.2255859375,
0.3608398438,
-0.1613769531,
-1.0185546875,
-0.8427734375,
-0.4528808594,
-0.806640625,
0.0177459717,
-0.4479980469,
-0.453125,
-0.5673828125,
-0.7060546875,
0.9345703125,
-0.513671875,
-0.9638671875,
0.8427734375,
-0.8974609375,
-0.5922851562,
0.1124267578,
-0.2261962891,
-0.63671875,
-0.1661376953,
-0.0848999023,
0.2452392578,
0.1708984375,
-1.1572265625,
-0.7353515625,
0.2431640625,
0.5322265625,
-0.7348632812,
-0.25390625,
0.2890625,
-0.1895751953,
0.2631835938,
1.482421875,
-0.8754882812,
-0.4936523438,
-0.4716796875,
-0.1457519531,
0.2420654297,
0.939453125,
0.5747070312,
-0.74609375,
-0.2744140625,
0.0671386719,
0.4077148438,
0.1384277344,
-0.4208984375,
-0.7114257812,
0.8891601562,
0.5756835938,
-0.1378173828,
0.9931640625,
0.3347167969,
-0.7001953125,
-0.3745117188,
0.6318359375,
-1.1806640625,
0.4758300781,
-0.2362060547,
0.2241210938,
0.8315429688,
0.4731445312,
-0.4489746094,
0.0389709473,
0.8022460938,
-0.701171875,
-0.7905273438,
-0.3041992188,
1.0810546875,
-0.6010742188,
0.3298339844,
0.7661132812,
0.4035644531,
-0.2087402344,
-0.458984375,
0.3530273438,
-0.0785522461,
-0.0812988281,
-0.3569335938,
0.3447265625,
0.8833007812,
1.572265625,
-0.501953125,
0.1701660156,
-0.0602111816,
0.3046875,
-0.4323730469,
-0.2861328125,
-0.1280517578,
0.2404785156,
0.2236328125,
0.3996582031,
-1.30078125,
-0.2113037109,
0.3642578125,
-0.5009765625,
-0.8266601562,
-0.0975952148,
0.1198730469,
-0.9990234375,
-0.5766601562,
-1.40625,
-0.1979980469,
0.0202789307,
-0.3708496094,
0.2836914062,
0.3051757812,
1.3974609375,
0.630859375,
0.3693847656,
-0.2719726562,
-0.3293457031,
-0.1458740234,
-0.5751953125,
0.0141525269,
-0.1008911133,
-0.5415039062,
-0.5244140625,
0.4279785156,
0.4182128906,
-0.0287628174,
0.0588989258,
-0.0661621094,
-1.05078125,
0.2783203125,
-1.5478515625,
-0.1734619141,
-0.4089355469,
0.244140625,
-0.2073974609,
-0.4521484375,
-0.3862304688,
0.841796875,
0.6342773438,
-0.2954101562,
0.1633300781,
0.5908203125,
-0.0172576904,
-0.4934082031,
0.701171875,
-0.3527832031,
-0.3767089844,
-0.4670410156,
0.4274902344,
0.3728027344,
-0.826171875,
0.431640625,
0.8569335938,
-0.5361328125,
1.248046875,
-0.2661132812,
-0.4594726562,
0.8344726562,
0.595703125,
0.3122558594,
-0.1285400391,
-0.1588134766,
1.19921875,
0.0856933594,
0.4367675781,
-0.0958251953,
-0.4331054688,
-0.1535644531,
0.6411132812,
1.16796875,
0.53125,
0.0352783203,
-0.1668701172,
1.037109375,
-0.5424804688,
0.8090820312,
1.56640625,
0.8544921875,
0.4401855469,
-0.3293457031,
-0.6450195312,
0.1678466797,
-0.8989257812,
-0.541015625,
0.5307617188,
0.2149658203,
-0.2231445312,
-0.5283203125,
-0.6318359375,
-0.2768554688,
0.880859375,
0.4211425781,
-0.5908203125,
0.294921875,
-0.0190734863,
0.6162109375,
0.1859130859,
-0.0279693604,
0.5961914062,
0.0296478271,
-0.900390625,
-0.1284179688,
-0.7172851562,
-0.5493164062,
0.5258789062,
0.2237548828,
-0.3994140625,
-0.4453125,
-0.7377929688,
-0.2415771484,
1.2783203125,
-0.8354492188,
-0.6030273438,
-0.4750976562,
0.1097412109,
-0.1772460938,
-0.0332946777,
0.8232421875,
0.0267333984,
-1.04296875,
-0.7885742188,
-0.4614257812,
0.5966796875,
-0.6845703125,
0.7631835938,
0.0021324158,
0.4575195312,
-0.2678222656,
-0.6923828125,
0.4296875,
0.1800537109,
-0.0523376465,
0.4421386719,
0.5244140625,
-1.4892578125,
0.7822265625,
0.59375,
-0.1106567383,
0.0648803711,
0.0934448242,
0.2034912109,
0.1734619141,
-0.2770996094,
-0.6572265625,
1.63671875,
0.0596923828,
0.0528869629,
-0.0966186523,
0.0339355469,
-0.880859375,
0.1496582031,
-1.4384765625,
-0.4892578125,
-0.40234375,
0.8134765625,
0.640625,
1.4658203125,
0.5473632812,
0.1256103516,
0.7202148438,
-0.625,
0.529296875,
0.5444335938,
-1.828125,
-0.4191894531,
-0.0299072266,
-0.2797851562,
0.3237304688,
-0.3234863281,
1.3583984375,
0.1772460938,
0.5346679688,
0.0670776367,
1.01171875,
-0.1606445312,
0.0510864258,
0.4345703125,
0.0650024414,
0.1990966797,
0.515625,
-0.4694824219,
-0.5063476562,
0.1116333008,
0.4914550781,
0.7978515625,
-0.791015625,
-0.1076660156,
-0.8208007812,
-0.2670898438,
-0.8549804688,
0.5463867188,
-0.2036132812,
1.1904296875,
0.8461914062,
-0.0068359375,
-0.853515625,
-0.921875,
0.7392578125,
0.6494140625,
-0.4311523438,
-0.7172851562,
0.1143798828,
0.8681640625,
-0.3850097656,
-0.615234375,
1.23046875,
-0.2875976562,
-0.0737915039,
-0.2368164062,
0.1281738281,
0.3347167969,
0.802734375,
-0.6547851562,
0.3513183594,
-0.1896972656,
-0.1722412109,
0.3186035156,
-0.2509765625,
-0.951171875,
0.0168304443,
-0.3198242188,
0.4919433594,
0.3405761719,
0.0535888672,
-0.1302490234,
-0.2432861328,
-1.3037109375,
-1.2119140625,
0.0596008301,
0.6826171875,
-1.2666015625,
0.591796875,
0.634765625,
-0.1341552734,
-0.443359375,
0.2607421875,
-0.8427734375,
0.0001775026,
0.5263671875,
-0.43359375,
0.4448242188,
-0.9418945312,
-0.7182617188,
-1.0029296875,
0.533203125,
0.2785644531,
1.4130859375,
-0.7177734375,
-1.03125,
0.7705078125,
0.63671875,
-0.1799316406,
-0.0712280273,
0.3491210938,
-0.2174072266,
-0.6557617188,
0.0005402565,
1.1767578125,
-0.2137451172,
-0.3598632812,
0.4616699219,
-0.3930664062,
-1.001953125,
-0.2468261719,
0.1762695312,
-0.580078125,
0.1440429688,
-0.3286132812,
0.4970703125,
0.2646484375,
0.736328125,
0.76171875,
0.6870117188,
-1.5009765625,
0.2037353516,
-0.3347167969,
0.08203125,
-0.1398925781,
0.9755859375,
0.6186523438,
0.1805419922,
-0.2454833984,
-0.7211914062,
0.87109375,
0.5405273438,
-0.2526855469,
0.3569335938,
-0.2020263672,
-0.0816650391,
-0.5888671875,
0.703125,
-0.2065429688,
0.4497070312,
-0.0334777832,
0.2624511719,
-0.1298828125,
-0.388671875,
0.3916015625,
-0.0068244934,
0.5708007812,
-0.0518798828,
1.1796875,
0.1785888672,
1.6748046875,
-0.007358551,
-0.5625,
0.034576416,
-0.3962402344,
-0.4482421875,
-0.2739257812,
1.0078125,
-0.4975585938,
-0.9169921875,
-0.3020019531,
-0.6259765625,
-0.7094726562,
0.1229858398,
0.2446289062,
0.1041870117,
1.3115234375,
0.4204101562,
-0.5825195312,
-0.4094238281,
0.56640625,
0.7827148438,
0.9018554688,
0.486328125,
0.3059082031,
-0.7041015625,
-0.3510742188,
0.55078125,
0.5541992188,
-0.032989502,
-0.4279785156,
-0.1437988281,
-0.4365234375,
-1.806640625,
-0.8193359375,
0.1466064453,
0.0018701553,
0.5209960938,
0.255859375,
0.0052833557,
0.0915527344,
0.0939941406,
0.1133422852,
0.5244140625,
-0.8081054688,
0.556640625,
0.3012695312,
0.6572265625,
0.693359375,
0.2917480469,
0.2384033203,
-0.455078125,
0.4301757812,
1.34765625,
1.2138671875,
-0.2502441406,
-0.0697021484,
-1.0546875,
-0.7021484375,
-0.3891601562,
0.9243164062,
-0.2468261719,
-0.0902709961,
0.4675292969,
1.2666015625,
0.9995117188,
0.2037353516,
0.0336914062,
-0.3427734375,
0.4750976562,
-0.6333007812,
0.2624511719,
0.6669921875,
0.6108398438,
0.3657226562,
0.5659179688,
0.1788330078,
-0.2463378906,
-0.2976074219,
0.1575927734,
0.1315917969,
-0.2165527344,
-0.67578125,
-0.5361328125,
-0.65234375,
-0.6743164062,
0.0215148926,
-0.0938720703,
-0.6469726562,
0.1099243164,
-0.1189575195,
-0.1317138672,
0.0452270508,
-0.3923339844,
-1.177734375,
0.4606933594,
-0.2995605469,
-0.4099121094,
0.5048828125,
0.4616699219,
-0.4089355469,
-0.6489257812,
-0.8178710938,
-0.3498535156,
0.2517089844,
-0.2907714844,
-0.1584472656,
-0.9487304688,
-0.5903320312,
0.3227539062,
-0.57421875,
1.1572265625,
1.8798828125,
0.7133789062,
1.2216796875,
-0.2683105469,
-0.0997314453,
-1.0830078125,
-0.8564453125,
0.4423828125,
-0.2451171875,
1.1455078125,
0.642578125,
-0.3095703125,
0.1148071289,
-0.0171661377,
-0.3635253906,
-0.1837158203,
0.0708618164,
-0.0596923828,
0.5102539062,
0.0078582764,
-0.4919433594,
-0.1696777344,
-0.4008789062,
-0.0344543457,
-0.2047119141,
-0.4611816406,
0.007850647,
0.0383911133,
-0.154296875,
-0.5522460938,
-0.1118774414,
0.7006835938,
0.3757324219,
-0.8481445312,
0.5913085938,
-0.0012435913,
0.5947265625,
-0.2507324219,
0.0175018311,
1.84375,
-0.20703125,
0.0225982666,
-0.0444030762,
0.1477050781,
-1.220703125,
0.939453125,
-0.2512207031,
-0.7026367188,
0.6875,
1.142578125,
-0.9682617188,
-0.6010742188,
1.169921875,
0.7578125,
-0.1416015625,
-0.033996582,
0.0331115723,
-0.0819091797,
-0.6997070312,
-13.78125,
-1.37890625,
0.2286376953,
-0.1146850586,
-0.326171875,
0.3701171875,
0.4111328125,
-1.380859375,
-0.1118164062,
-0.0195465088,
0.32421875,
0.8515625,
0.6689453125,
-0.2425537109,
0.9794921875,
0.6279296875,
-0.5463867188,
-0.3920898438,
-0.9609375,
-0.1291503906,
0.619140625,
1.0185546875,
-0.689453125,
-0.0408935547,
-0.8530273438,
0.1888427734,
0.6342773438,
-0.0188598633,
0.1997070312,
0.9677734375,
-0.3063964844,
-0.1833496094,
-0.6411132812,
0.5366210938,
0.3464355469,
-0.1824951172,
0.330078125,
0.3603515625,
-0.1098632812,
-0.4409179688,
-0.7915039062,
-0.984375,
0.8471679688,
0.2932128906,
0.3527832031,
0.2932128906,
0.8168945312,
-1.4521484375,
0.2247314453,
-0.1534423828,
0.3029785156,
1.0380859375,
0.3947753906,
-0.3728027344,
-0.8671875,
0.3198242188,
-1.318359375,
0.4213867188,
0.0265960693,
0.5849609375,
-0.2744140625,
1.044921875,
0.1369628906,
-0.1658935547,
0.0048484802,
-0.8110351562,
-0.2680664062,
-1.00390625,
-0.1499023438,
-0.4384765625,
0.0733642578,
-0.1044311523,
1.53125,
0.1232910156,
0.4963378906,
1.0498046875,
-0.3913574219,
-0.3354492188,
0.3195800781,
0.771484375,
-0.5786132812,
-0.4318847656
] |
The light emerging from the mica was "depolarized" in the sense that there was no orientation of the calcite that made one image disappear; yet it was not ordinary ("unpolarized") light, for which the two images would be of the same color. Rotating the calcite around the line of sight changed the colors, though they remained complementary. Rotating the mica changed the saturation (not the hue) of the colors. This phenomenon became known as chromatic polarization. Replacing the mica with a much thicker plate of quartz, with its faces perpendicular to the optic axis (the axis of Huygens's spheroid or Malus's velocity function), produced a similar effect, except that rotating the quartz made no difference. Arago tried to explain his observations in corpuscular terms. In 1812, as Arago pursued further qualitative experiments and other commitments, Jean-Baptiste Biot reworked the same ground using a gypsum lamina in place of the mica, and found empirical formulae for the intensities of the ordinary and extraordinary images. The formulae contained two coefficients, supposedly representing colors of rays "affected" and "unaffected" by the plate – the "affected" rays being of the same color mix as those reflected by amorphous thin plates of proportional, but lesser, thickness. Arago protested, declaring that he had made some of the same discoveries but had not had time to write them up. In fact the overlap between Arago's work and Biot's was minimal, Arago's being only qualitative and wider in scope (attempting to include polarization by reflection). | [
-0.0628051758,
0.2592773438,
0.8188476562,
0.0504760742,
0.509765625,
0.6811523438,
0.2335205078,
0.2279052734,
0.0062446594,
0.9892578125,
-0.2122802734,
-0.7006835938,
-0.2159423828,
-0.8764648438,
-0.030960083,
-0.4790039062,
0.1790771484,
-0.6401367188,
-0.1832275391,
0.3403320312,
0.0586853027,
-0.6274414062,
-0.1983642578,
0.5356445312,
-0.4665527344,
-0.783203125,
0.1159667969,
-0.1577148438,
-0.2200927734,
-0.6528320312,
-0.1056518555,
-0.3681640625,
0.0787963867,
-0.7192382812,
0.5317382812,
1.142578125,
0.1838378906,
-0.0161132812,
-0.1370849609,
0.4074707031,
-0.2507324219,
-0.4243164062,
-0.2702636719,
-0.4123535156,
-0.369140625,
0.7192382812,
0.1243896484,
0.4331054688,
-0.3664550781,
-0.4470214844,
-0.544921875,
-0.7055664062,
-0.6533203125,
0.7856445312,
0.1430664062,
-1.548828125,
0.6767578125,
-0.5590820312,
-0.1378173828,
-0.6533203125,
-0.4619140625,
0.8642578125,
-0.3874511719,
-0.65625,
0.1414794922,
0.0575866699,
-0.1564941406,
0.1427001953,
-0.3466796875,
0.4672851562,
-0.0238494873,
0.267578125,
0.7836914062,
-0.8540039062,
0.5688476562,
-0.5234375,
-1.072265625,
-0.1668701172,
-0.0163116455,
-0.228515625,
-0.4697265625,
-0.3508300781,
-0.5053710938,
-0.6049804688,
-1.5595703125,
-0.6665039062,
-0.0942993164,
-0.6967773438,
-1.4580078125,
2.19921875,
0.2629394531,
-0.7895507812,
-1.2109375,
0.2727050781,
0.0899047852,
-0.33203125,
-0.3771972656,
-1.650390625,
-1.1328125,
-0.2932128906,
-0.2454833984,
-1.5322265625,
0.63671875,
0.15234375,
-0.462890625,
0.6020507812,
-0.1436767578,
0.2496337891,
0.98828125,
0.8959960938,
0.5815429688,
-0.4875488281,
0.7490234375,
0.1937255859,
-0.916015625,
0.8447265625,
-0.9580078125,
-0.4641113281,
-1.193359375,
-0.84375,
0.603515625,
0.3422851562,
0.2536621094,
-0.4865722656,
0.3874511719,
0.3754882812,
-0.6801757812,
-0.7236328125,
-0.1369628906,
0.662109375,
0.3967285156,
-0.6284179688,
-0.8032226562,
0.54296875,
0.1240844727,
-0.6557617188,
-0.4956054688,
-0.1226806641,
0.576171875,
0.0698242188,
-0.3354492188,
0.4821777344,
0.0828857422,
-0.462890625,
0.568359375,
-0.1510009766,
-0.1177978516,
-0.166015625,
-1.0751953125,
0.3461914062,
-0.9990234375,
-0.4287109375,
0.0229034424,
-0.3896484375,
-0.1927490234,
0.2371826172,
-1.00390625,
-0.9262695312,
-1.2783203125,
-0.4035644531,
-0.2054443359,
-0.3530273438,
-0.3823242188,
0.5239257812,
-0.0804443359,
0.6870117188,
-1.0205078125,
-1.0888671875,
-0.5224609375,
0.6396484375,
-0.7983398438,
0.0654296875,
0.5161132812,
0.4836425781,
-0.3666992188,
-1.1513671875,
0.3405761719,
-0.4741210938,
-0.7036132812,
-0.1448974609,
0.3935546875,
-0.984375,
-0.5610351562,
-0.8022460938,
-0.18359375,
-0.1286621094,
0.1790771484,
0.9858398438,
-0.5556640625,
-0.8115234375,
-0.1065673828,
0.4030761719,
0.3610839844,
-0.1862792969,
-0.9697265625,
-0.1624755859,
-0.0686645508,
-0.0437011719,
0.1285400391,
0.58984375,
0.3842773438,
0.6059570312,
0.2670898438,
-0.1246337891,
0.2609863281,
-0.6235351562,
0.4138183594,
0.1065063477,
0.1201171875,
0.2042236328,
-0.3276367188,
0.0187988281,
-0.0496520996,
0.6743164062,
1.0185546875,
0.3100585938,
-0.2197265625,
-0.3742675781,
-0.1961669922,
-0.1500244141,
-0.197265625,
0.5708007812,
-1.5419921875,
0.2990722656,
-1.271484375,
-0.4155273438,
-0.0306091309,
1.0712890625,
0.6000976562,
-0.5859375,
-0.1616210938,
-0.3298339844,
-1.8779296875,
0.2467041016,
-0.0308990479,
0.7470703125,
0.1044311523,
-1.5703125,
-0.8759765625,
-0.8588867188,
-0.4594726562,
-0.4106445312,
0.0751342773,
-0.1073608398,
-0.1707763672,
-0.7993164062,
0.7934570312,
-0.3503417969,
0.4455566406,
0.27734375,
-0.24609375,
-0.2819824219,
-0.4797363281,
-0.7436523438,
-0.8510742188,
0.70703125,
-0.6420898438,
0.5224609375,
0.8403320312,
0.2883300781,
-0.2005615234,
0.4440917969,
0.9775390625,
-0.4987792969,
0.9833984375,
-0.2365722656,
0.3825683594,
-0.2336425781,
-0.1998291016,
-0.3334960938,
-0.1019897461,
-0.587890625,
0.4860839844,
-0.1805419922,
-0.0394897461,
0.2604980469,
0.0704956055,
-0.962890625,
-0.5297851562,
-0.4519042969,
0.5224609375,
-0.58984375,
-1.2578125,
-0.7778320312,
0.2568359375,
0.7861328125,
0.1586914062,
-0.0022239685,
0.2025146484,
0.3610839844,
-0.5639648438,
-0.4399414062,
-1.0185546875,
-0.1159667969,
-0.2265625,
-0.7153320312,
-0.0582885742,
-0.1091308594,
-0.2000732422,
0.1357421875,
-0.0430908203,
1.15625,
0.6235351562,
-0.0279693604,
0.8022460938,
0.8603515625,
-0.2221679688,
0.2585449219,
-0.65234375,
-0.3249511719,
0.1997070312,
-0.2347412109,
-0.1220703125,
-0.5625,
0.1898193359,
0.1555175781,
-0.3471679688,
-0.3356933594,
-0.2435302734,
0.1931152344,
0.3918457031,
-0.0587158203,
0.2076416016,
-0.0599060059,
1.5849609375,
0.5307617188,
-0.2191162109,
-1.001953125,
-0.2185058594,
0.4860839844,
1.078125,
0.373046875,
-0.2700195312,
0.7036132812,
-0.1748046875,
0.61328125,
0.3334960938,
0.5185546875,
-0.1909179688,
0.1606445312,
-0.4343261719,
0.1244506836,
0.044128418,
-0.1656494141,
-0.5556640625,
-0.1253662109,
-1.625,
-0.802734375,
0.3439941406,
-0.5390625,
0.5112304688,
-0.3420410156,
0.2482910156,
-1.3349609375,
-0.2221679688,
-0.0657348633,
-0.763671875,
0.0573120117,
-0.0584411621,
0.0270385742,
-0.8403320312,
-0.3386230469,
-0.2775878906,
-0.52734375,
-1.197265625,
-0.1228637695,
-0.4328613281,
0.6865234375,
1.0009765625,
-0.4638671875,
-0.4340820312,
0.1428222656,
-0.48828125,
1.0673828125,
-0.4050292969,
-0.4392089844,
-1.3564453125,
-0.2956542969,
-1.4580078125,
0.0852050781,
-0.1817626953,
-0.2719726562,
-0.3278808594,
-1.06640625,
1.3984375,
0.3872070312,
-1.103515625,
0.9077148438,
-0.8125,
0.1354980469,
0.4052734375,
0.109375,
-0.111328125,
-0.0310974121,
-0.1998291016,
0.2277832031,
0.8315429688,
-0.794921875,
-0.6767578125,
0.0051727295,
-0.3232421875,
-0.9262695312,
-0.3256835938,
1.2138671875,
-0.6259765625,
-0.8369140625,
2.046875,
-0.1690673828,
-0.2575683594,
-0.3041992188,
-0.1409912109,
0.1468505859,
0.1535644531,
0.2114257812,
-0.5498046875,
-0.1397705078,
0.0070037842,
-0.2208251953,
-0.5620117188,
-0.455078125,
-1.01953125,
-0.1155395508,
0.2404785156,
-0.2692871094,
0.1812744141,
0.0287475586,
0.3068847656,
-0.1614990234,
0.4995117188,
-0.3806152344,
-0.2514648438,
-0.0269165039,
0.1115722656,
0.6025390625,
0.5717773438,
-0.0588684082,
0.1268310547,
0.1234741211,
-0.181640625,
-0.5576171875,
0.4052734375,
0.6625976562,
-0.2954101562,
0.6826171875,
0.8271484375,
0.2174072266,
-0.7841796875,
-0.5576171875,
1.1787109375,
-0.2381591797,
-0.083190918,
-0.2927246094,
0.8217773438,
0.4353027344,
0.974609375,
-0.4213867188,
0.0099182129,
0.2521972656,
0.2509765625,
0.0661621094,
-0.090637207,
0.517578125,
0.5380859375,
-0.3532714844,
0.1860351562,
-0.8706054688,
-0.1076049805,
1.1435546875,
-0.0514526367,
-0.5107421875,
0.0932006836,
-0.3295898438,
-0.2102050781,
-0.4438476562,
-0.3422851562,
0.1822509766,
0.0969238281,
-0.0784912109,
0.6059570312,
-0.22265625,
1.1240234375,
1.2041015625,
0.1812744141,
0.0218353271,
-0.3811035156,
-0.3774414062,
-0.3557128906,
0.3232421875,
-0.7607421875,
-0.1727294922,
0.3288574219,
-0.2395019531,
0.2141113281,
0.3801269531,
0.6577148438,
0.0576477051,
-0.9760742188,
0.4096679688,
-0.86328125,
-0.2149658203,
-0.1422119141,
0.2407226562,
-0.1787109375,
0.2117919922,
-0.7397460938,
0.962890625,
0.2373046875,
0.2707519531,
0.7495117188,
0.2607421875,
-0.1149902344,
-0.240234375,
0.7504882812,
0.0481872559,
-0.0613098145,
-0.2980957031,
1.140625,
0.7436523438,
-0.8803710938,
1.0302734375,
0.7788085938,
0.0498657227,
1.1904296875,
-0.3623046875,
-0.7319335938,
0.884765625,
0.6596679688,
-0.2729492188,
-0.2388916016,
-0.4182128906,
1.3466796875,
0.0115661621,
0.349609375,
-0.5405273438,
-0.8193359375,
-0.3525390625,
0.806640625,
1.9267578125,
0.0349731445,
0.3303222656,
0.7006835938,
0.9833984375,
-0.3605957031,
0.021270752,
0.9370117188,
0.4008789062,
0.5166015625,
-0.3933105469,
-0.2729492188,
-0.2041015625,
-0.4294433594,
-0.73828125,
0.4714355469,
-0.4736328125,
0.0225219727,
-0.6655273438,
-0.462890625,
-0.3361816406,
0.3647460938,
0.5844726562,
-1.0703125,
-0.4772949219,
0.3989257812,
0.787109375,
0.5004882812,
-0.5141601562,
0.0452270508,
0.2258300781,
-0.6669921875,
0.1008300781,
-0.1306152344,
-1.1142578125,
0.1146240234,
-0.0941772461,
-0.2954101562,
-0.2963867188,
-0.7504882812,
-0.2496337891,
0.541015625,
-0.3203125,
-0.2156982422,
0.3051757812,
0.0809936523,
0.1673583984,
0.54296875,
0.9096679688,
-0.048828125,
-0.943359375,
-0.6567382812,
-1.0712890625,
0.1716308594,
0.1286621094,
-0.2863769531,
-0.0007872581,
0.9770507812,
-0.32421875,
-1.333984375,
0.7890625,
1.1083984375,
0.2426757812,
0.0313110352,
0.53515625,
-1.3759765625,
0.564453125,
1.45703125,
0.298828125,
-0.2486572266,
0.27734375,
0.3254394531,
0.0016727448,
-0.265625,
-0.6870117188,
0.8442382812,
-0.1580810547,
-0.15625,
0.3803710938,
0.4890136719,
-0.8442382812,
0.0559692383,
-1.2177734375,
-0.2614746094,
0.2169189453,
0.5268554688,
0.69140625,
1.2412109375,
0.5659179688,
-0.030456543,
0.2314453125,
0.1511230469,
0.5263671875,
-0.0207366943,
-1.734375,
0.2587890625,
-0.0726928711,
-0.2227783203,
0.1674804688,
-0.3635253906,
1.1083984375,
0.0521240234,
0.3959960938,
0.611328125,
0.7377929688,
-0.3283691406,
-0.1929931641,
-0.0942382812,
0.0854492188,
1.103515625,
0.55859375,
-0.1641845703,
-0.6982421875,
0.4660644531,
-0.0361328125,
0.873046875,
-0.6845703125,
-0.2386474609,
0.4526367188,
0.0422058105,
-0.6918945312,
-0.1734619141,
0.1053466797,
0.9580078125,
0.1528320312,
0.0634765625,
-0.421875,
-0.2502441406,
1.673828125,
1.10546875,
-0.1162719727,
-1.4248046875,
-0.3908691406,
1.751953125,
-0.2194824219,
-0.4047851562,
0.8583984375,
-0.9331054688,
-0.6606445312,
0.0114440918,
-0.1293945312,
0.0689697266,
0.9829101562,
-1.0947265625,
-0.3601074219,
-0.5283203125,
0.3273925781,
-0.096496582,
-0.0020065308,
-1.7607421875,
0.625,
-0.6596679688,
-0.0606689453,
0.4953613281,
-0.3977050781,
0.1444091797,
-0.6206054688,
-0.9169921875,
-0.7421875,
0.2077636719,
0.80078125,
-1.2724609375,
1.16796875,
1.126953125,
-0.3967285156,
-0.4038085938,
0.3022460938,
-0.609375,
-0.1389160156,
0.884765625,
-0.7524414062,
0.5014648438,
-1.0859375,
-1.0126953125,
-0.2941894531,
0.3176269531,
-0.1184082031,
0.7314453125,
-0.4631347656,
-0.9326171875,
0.908203125,
0.5590820312,
-0.1793212891,
0.2493896484,
0.7739257812,
-0.1112060547,
-0.259765625,
-0.5078125,
1.09765625,
-0.1490478516,
0.3688964844,
-0.0157623291,
-0.0634155273,
-0.7221679688,
-0.1633300781,
0.2408447266,
-0.3720703125,
0.341796875,
0.4243164062,
0.6625976562,
0.2114257812,
0.2888183594,
0.3117675781,
0.783203125,
-1.564453125,
-0.2993164062,
0.0422668457,
-0.0267944336,
0.3422851562,
0.9018554688,
0.6879882812,
0.3410644531,
0.3940429688,
-1.328125,
0.4311523438,
0.6728515625,
1.1787109375,
-0.2407226562,
-0.5053710938,
-0.7939453125,
-0.4309082031,
0.8251953125,
0.1309814453,
0.5107421875,
-0.30078125,
-0.4038085938,
-0.2319335938,
-0.1130371094,
0.4575195312,
0.0901489258,
0.8266601562,
0.1865234375,
0.50390625,
-0.3217773438,
0.5942382812,
0.3896484375,
-0.8227539062,
-0.4147949219,
0.0248260498,
-0.2783203125,
-0.6806640625,
1.0478515625,
0.5205078125,
-1.205078125,
0.0187530518,
-0.9311523438,
-0.7080078125,
0.2149658203,
0.5327148438,
-0.6333007812,
1.54296875,
-0.036315918,
0.0614318848,
-0.2337646484,
-0.1594238281,
0.41796875,
0.4077148438,
0.7685546875,
0.0156402588,
-0.9765625,
-0.880859375,
-0.2309570312,
-0.1888427734,
0.003118515,
-0.2028808594,
0.1960449219,
-0.7875976562,
-1.3681640625,
0.0501708984,
-0.3530273438,
0.4777832031,
0.6450195312,
-0.0039672852,
0.5849609375,
0.1318359375,
-0.5751953125,
0.4736328125,
-0.3283691406,
-0.1740722656,
-0.2978515625,
0.2486572266,
0.0225372314,
0.5122070312,
0.1876220703,
0.5815429688,
0.2327880859,
0.0428161621,
1.28515625,
1.3564453125,
-0.3508300781,
0.2351074219,
-0.7329101562,
-0.2985839844,
0.1788330078,
0.5263671875,
0.0806884766,
0.1336669922,
1.0322265625,
1.251953125,
0.85546875,
-0.1744384766,
-0.1641845703,
0.3234863281,
0.091796875,
-1.0927734375,
0.7080078125,
-0.0560302734,
0.388671875,
0.4372558594,
1.052734375,
0.0581665039,
-0.2944335938,
-0.9282226562,
-0.1961669922,
-0.073059082,
0.0493469238,
0.122253418,
-0.8173828125,
-0.4079589844,
-0.3481445312,
-0.1214599609,
-0.2415771484,
-0.740234375,
0.3874511719,
0.1577148438,
-0.0430603027,
-0.2746582031,
-0.0016698837,
-1.107421875,
0.5551757812,
-0.9677734375,
0.3786621094,
0.4311523438,
0.1455078125,
0.2377929688,
0.2065429688,
-0.0150604248,
-0.3386230469,
0.0087127686,
-0.9018554688,
-0.6391601562,
-1.162109375,
-0.6127929688,
0.3837890625,
-0.2983398438,
0.1928710938,
0.3996582031,
0.2351074219,
0.8803710938,
-0.0467529297,
0.0995483398,
-1.0380859375,
-0.9643554688,
0.3322753906,
0.0195465088,
0.7109375,
0.6337890625,
-0.6245117188,
0.0154724121,
-0.0537719727,
-0.0512695312,
0.2253417969,
-0.0422363281,
-0.1715087891,
-0.051940918,
0.5405273438,
0.2678222656,
0.3347167969,
-0.1800537109,
0.3762207031,
-0.3894042969,
0.1417236328,
0.1673583984,
0.2210693359,
0.2482910156,
0.036895752,
-0.0941772461,
1.0517578125,
0.5400390625,
-0.1623535156,
-0.2366943359,
-0.1799316406,
-0.560546875,
-0.0278320312,
0.1533203125,
1.208984375,
-0.5244140625,
0.1512451172,
0.5864257812,
0.2822265625,
-0.8666992188,
-0.5004882812,
-0.2106933594,
-0.2719726562,
0.9833984375,
0.6943359375,
-0.7705078125,
-0.2269287109,
0.1428222656,
0.5595703125,
-0.3112792969,
0.8471679688,
-0.2309570312,
0.0139465332,
-0.4035644531,
-13.8671875,
-2.099609375,
0.302734375,
-0.1828613281,
-1.4658203125,
-0.0640869141,
0.2131347656,
-0.8115234375,
-0.1336669922,
0.1892089844,
0.1176147461,
1.6171875,
-0.1066894531,
-0.7548828125,
-0.0191345215,
0.1641845703,
0.1743164062,
-0.0413818359,
-1.2255859375,
0.0980224609,
0.8842773438,
0.9067382812,
-0.732421875,
0.1157226562,
-0.919921875,
0.4995117188,
0.0448303223,
0.3107910156,
0.6040039062,
0.6596679688,
-0.513671875,
0.1625976562,
-0.71875,
0.098449707,
-0.1278076172,
-0.4055175781,
0.8637695312,
0.5434570312,
-0.0105285645,
-0.3537597656,
-0.1530761719,
-0.712890625,
0.6083984375,
0.3681640625,
0.3530273438,
0.4321289062,
1.0478515625,
-0.79296875,
0.2727050781,
-0.5541992188,
0.1256103516,
2.166015625,
0.2863769531,
-0.0625610352,
-0.8159179688,
0.5678710938,
-0.6879882812,
0.2219238281,
-0.3037109375,
-0.1293945312,
-0.2802734375,
0.5703125,
0.654296875,
0.3452148438,
0.1408691406,
-0.7958984375,
-0.9423828125,
-0.5874023438,
-0.6533203125,
-0.626953125,
0.3735351562,
0.5356445312,
1.4677734375,
1.1015625,
0.6015625,
1.494140625,
0.3181152344,
0.1357421875,
-0.88671875,
0.7729492188,
-0.4165039062,
0.1463623047
] |
But the dispute triggered a notorious falling-out between the two men. Later that year, Biot tried to explain the observations as an oscillation of the alignment of the "affected" corpuscles at a frequency proportional to that of Newton's "fits", due to forces depending on the alignment. This theory became known as mobile polarization. To reconcile his results with a sinusoidal oscillation, Biot had to suppose that the corpuscles emerged with one of two permitted orientations, namely the extremes of the oscillation, with probabilities depending on the phase of the oscillation. Corpuscular optics was becoming expensive on assumptions. But in 1813, Biot reported that the case of quartz was simpler: the observable phenomenon (now called optical rotation or optical activity or sometimes rotary polarization) was a gradual rotation of the polarization direction with distance, and could be explained by a corresponding rotation (not oscillation) of the corpuscles. Early in 1814, reviewing Biot's work on chromatic polarization, Young noted that the periodicity of the color as a function of the plate thickness – including the factor by which the period exceeded that for a reflective thin plate, and even the effect of obliquity of the plate (but not the role of polarization)—could be explained by the wave theory in terms of the different propagation times of the ordinary and extraordinary waves through the plate. But Young was then the only public defender of the wave theory. | [
0.0820922852,
-0.546875,
-0.1641845703,
0.3427734375,
0.0325012207,
0.5825195312,
0.580078125,
-0.0062484741,
0.089050293,
0.1987304688,
-0.6455078125,
0.0365600586,
0.0648803711,
-0.0696411133,
0.3815917969,
-0.2156982422,
-0.0021419525,
-0.9516601562,
0.0265960693,
0.6264648438,
-0.1656494141,
0.2352294922,
-0.19921875,
0.1690673828,
-0.4970703125,
-0.68359375,
0.7915039062,
-0.4306640625,
-0.3151855469,
-0.3742675781,
0.1519775391,
0.1755371094,
-0.595703125,
-0.2834472656,
-0.0283508301,
0.6015625,
-0.4606933594,
-0.0240020752,
0.3210449219,
0.1916503906,
-0.3728027344,
-0.0910644531,
0.2673339844,
0.2504882812,
0.0315551758,
0.1038818359,
0.3190917969,
0.2790527344,
-0.5498046875,
-1.23046875,
-0.6098632812,
-0.4782714844,
0.0705566406,
0.396484375,
0.1704101562,
-1.69140625,
0.8095703125,
-0.0867919922,
0.5263671875,
0.0772094727,
-0.3706054688,
0.62890625,
-0.1109008789,
-0.6313476562,
0.1245117188,
-0.0882568359,
0.2076416016,
-0.3422851562,
-0.0642700195,
0.3034667969,
-0.9833984375,
0.4499511719,
0.3146972656,
-1.24609375,
0.3269042969,
-1.251953125,
-2.05859375,
-0.2253417969,
-0.3764648438,
0.3227539062,
-0.1754150391,
-0.6499023438,
-0.876953125,
-0.49609375,
-1.2060546875,
0.0296478271,
-0.0708007812,
-0.4567871094,
-0.8989257812,
1.3798828125,
-0.125,
-0.7084960938,
-0.8442382812,
0.2473144531,
-0.3801269531,
-0.4709472656,
-0.4360351562,
-1.4189453125,
-1.341796875,
-0.0234375,
0.0404968262,
-1.5390625,
0.5336914062,
0.2983398438,
-0.2164306641,
1.0048828125,
-0.478515625,
0.2000732422,
0.3361816406,
0.3525390625,
0.1463623047,
-0.3251953125,
0.7631835938,
-0.8994140625,
-0.8315429688,
0.0798339844,
-0.794921875,
-0.1947021484,
-0.3325195312,
-0.7436523438,
0.4123535156,
0.5185546875,
0.5791015625,
-1.12109375,
0.6630859375,
0.7885742188,
-0.1252441406,
-1.1298828125,
0.1607666016,
0.1536865234,
-0.0819091797,
-0.4787597656,
-0.205078125,
0.853515625,
-0.0847167969,
-0.076965332,
-0.5834960938,
-0.2993164062,
-0.1975097656,
-0.5712890625,
0.6899414062,
0.5478515625,
0.6577148438,
-0.3388671875,
0.0263061523,
-0.1518554688,
-0.1705322266,
-0.0350341797,
-0.1220092773,
0.873046875,
-1.3798828125,
-0.4528808594,
0.0853881836,
-0.0658569336,
-0.3815917969,
1.0107421875,
-0.1340332031,
-0.5078125,
-0.9184570312,
0.058807373,
-0.9282226562,
0.3491210938,
-0.0600280762,
-0.1795654297,
0.3291015625,
0.5073242188,
-0.7592773438,
-0.7338867188,
-0.6176757812,
0.3479003906,
-0.6372070312,
0.5361328125,
0.6010742188,
-0.0337219238,
-0.3854980469,
-0.4357910156,
0.8212890625,
-0.8403320312,
0.2399902344,
0.3210449219,
0.3002929688,
-0.96484375,
-0.0437011719,
-0.666015625,
0.3642578125,
0.2023925781,
0.408203125,
0.6459960938,
-0.2264404297,
-1.4208984375,
-0.3229980469,
0.3542480469,
0.2452392578,
-0.8149414062,
-0.7880859375,
0.2147216797,
-1.197265625,
-0.5502929688,
0.3176269531,
0.515625,
-0.310546875,
0.1364746094,
1.1337890625,
0.3564453125,
0.0627441406,
-0.1417236328,
0.5971679688,
-0.8852539062,
0.9404296875,
0.0502319336,
0.5341796875,
0.8774414062,
0.1450195312,
0.8217773438,
0.5649414062,
0.0758666992,
0.0990600586,
0.1324462891,
-0.1875,
-0.4992675781,
-0.016418457,
0.3850097656,
-1.4873046875,
0.1717529297,
-0.8051757812,
0.3178710938,
0.1395263672,
0.9731445312,
0.8334960938,
-0.5590820312,
0.0141677856,
-0.5551757812,
-0.8901367188,
-0.2919921875,
0.2905273438,
0.4006347656,
0.42578125,
-2.20703125,
-0.1879882812,
-0.4233398438,
-0.2543945312,
-0.494140625,
0.2666015625,
-0.1580810547,
-0.2504882812,
-1.0751953125,
1.0185546875,
-0.587890625,
0.5390625,
0.5385742188,
-0.37890625,
-0.1458740234,
-0.7729492188,
0.1225585938,
-0.52734375,
0.098815918,
-0.265625,
0.1881103516,
1.1357421875,
1.0390625,
-0.6396484375,
0.1771240234,
2.380859375,
-0.0104827881,
0.4560546875,
-0.310546875,
0.3686523438,
-0.7504882812,
0.1199951172,
0.2534179688,
0.1873779297,
-0.4282226562,
-0.0393066406,
-0.3215332031,
0.0077018738,
0.8950195312,
-0.1499023438,
-1.0576171875,
0.2012939453,
-0.5107421875,
1.1259765625,
-0.1084594727,
-0.9091796875,
-0.5888671875,
0.6420898438,
1.439453125,
-0.0035114288,
0.3090820312,
0.291015625,
0.9243164062,
-0.2666015625,
-0.4606933594,
-1.25390625,
0.46875,
0.50390625,
-0.72265625,
0.5249023438,
0.1077270508,
-0.8173828125,
-0.8095703125,
0.9282226562,
0.4360351562,
-0.2261962891,
-0.4826660156,
0.990234375,
1.0078125,
0.2482910156,
-0.5029296875,
-0.1196289062,
-0.0447387695,
0.6069335938,
-0.4611816406,
0.0547485352,
-1.1572265625,
0.0570678711,
0.2442626953,
0.1800537109,
-0.6533203125,
0.1906738281,
0.6435546875,
0.3857421875,
0.3740234375,
-0.1287841797,
-0.2355957031,
0.3605957031,
0.4692382812,
-0.7934570312,
-1.1357421875,
-0.546875,
0.6381835938,
0.8325195312,
0.3173828125,
0.1265869141,
0.3720703125,
-0.15234375,
-0.2822265625,
0.4829101562,
0.3732910156,
0.1728515625,
0.1781005859,
0.3537597656,
-0.3291015625,
-0.6137695312,
-0.2066650391,
-0.4084472656,
0.008354187,
-1.4052734375,
-0.5551757812,
0.3918457031,
-0.5595703125,
-0.0822753906,
-0.0530090332,
-0.1145629883,
-0.4819335938,
-0.57421875,
0.0839233398,
-0.4167480469,
0.1696777344,
-0.521484375,
0.078918457,
-0.2249755859,
0.0506896973,
0.0800170898,
-0.1452636719,
-2.501953125,
-0.7470703125,
0.501953125,
0.4677734375,
0.7680664062,
0.2214355469,
-0.564453125,
0.31640625,
-0.4272460938,
0.3732910156,
-0.4318847656,
-0.3940429688,
-0.3718261719,
-0.2375488281,
-0.7680664062,
0.1453857422,
-0.4753417969,
-0.5971679688,
-0.439453125,
-0.5190429688,
0.9404296875,
0.2722167969,
-0.8876953125,
0.5737304688,
-0.884765625,
-0.1486816406,
0.4877929688,
0.7353515625,
-0.583984375,
0.3310546875,
0.1644287109,
0.4167480469,
0.9975585938,
-1.3349609375,
-0.58203125,
0.5610351562,
0.9106445312,
-1.390625,
-0.8110351562,
0.8857421875,
0.1842041016,
-0.2227783203,
1.1318359375,
-0.1867675781,
0.104675293,
0.1060180664,
-0.1485595703,
0.0790405273,
-0.1270751953,
0.2487792969,
-0.87890625,
0.036529541,
0.4064941406,
0.3298339844,
0.2746582031,
-0.6572265625,
-0.8544921875,
0.2171630859,
0.1057128906,
-0.1063842773,
0.0802612305,
0.671875,
-0.1528320312,
-0.7045898438,
-0.6533203125,
-0.6376953125,
-0.2022705078,
0.2436523438,
-0.8120117188,
1.8310546875,
0.8393554688,
-0.4006347656,
0.65234375,
0.166015625,
0.3151855469,
-0.4572753906,
0.3251953125,
0.5483398438,
-0.408203125,
0.4436035156,
0.4519042969,
0.7280273438,
-0.0609130859,
-0.3212890625,
0.8037109375,
-0.5258789062,
-0.4443359375,
0.853515625,
1.00390625,
0.3513183594,
0.7016601562,
-0.3942871094,
0.1196289062,
-0.2795410156,
-0.2393798828,
0.1917724609,
0.7250976562,
-0.1724853516,
-0.1929931641,
-0.1927490234,
1.033203125,
-0.4812011719,
-0.1497802734,
1.1015625,
-0.0783691406,
-0.6645507812,
0.591796875,
0.3205566406,
-0.3461914062,
-0.767578125,
-0.6987304688,
-0.3278808594,
0.2670898438,
-0.3752441406,
0.2927246094,
0.17578125,
0.7802734375,
0.5078125,
0.6684570312,
-0.5131835938,
0.447265625,
-0.1418457031,
-0.8247070312,
-0.1409912109,
-0.875,
0.1662597656,
0.2496337891,
-0.5126953125,
-0.0062980652,
0.5385742188,
0.3115234375,
-0.4162597656,
-1.0439453125,
0.1346435547,
-2.0390625,
0.1300048828,
0.1271972656,
-0.5209960938,
-0.3278808594,
-0.7758789062,
0.2939453125,
1.212890625,
0.3151855469,
0.4770507812,
0.2734375,
0.2932128906,
-0.8334960938,
-0.1605224609,
0.810546875,
-0.1936035156,
-0.0726318359,
-0.092590332,
0.3000488281,
0.7465820312,
-0.5532226562,
0.7451171875,
0.7661132812,
-0.1252441406,
0.9018554688,
-0.900390625,
-0.619140625,
0.1181640625,
-0.1531982422,
0.0687255859,
-0.345703125,
-0.0340270996,
0.974609375,
0.2058105469,
-0.0278625488,
-0.6538085938,
-0.3454589844,
0.2489013672,
0.2546386719,
1.19921875,
0.1302490234,
0.8413085938,
-0.2744140625,
0.75390625,
-0.2213134766,
1.17578125,
1.068359375,
1.0478515625,
0.7172851562,
-0.8383789062,
-0.3996582031,
0.2763671875,
-0.4638671875,
0.1741943359,
0.7119140625,
-0.4794921875,
-0.4162597656,
-0.3459472656,
-0.3620605469,
-0.6118164062,
0.2744140625,
-0.4074707031,
-0.974609375,
-0.1469726562,
-0.0257415771,
0.0899047852,
0.3486328125,
-0.4377441406,
0.513671875,
-0.505859375,
-0.7099609375,
0.1673583984,
0.0268249512,
-1.421875,
-0.6225585938,
-0.2280273438,
0.55859375,
-1.6494140625,
-0.0669555664,
-0.0119171143,
0.4855957031,
-0.7788085938,
-0.6000976562,
-0.112487793,
0.1645507812,
0.4318847656,
0.5795898438,
0.2985839844,
0.5170898438,
-0.3937988281,
-0.7729492188,
-0.5092773438,
0.451171875,
-0.2443847656,
-0.0328369141,
-0.1778564453,
0.3232421875,
-0.0327758789,
-0.912109375,
0.1116333008,
0.9252929688,
-0.3706054688,
-0.1854248047,
0.3413085938,
-1.001953125,
0.56640625,
0.451171875,
-0.2766113281,
0.0489196777,
-0.0180206299,
0.4958496094,
-0.2135009766,
-0.0069732666,
-0.599609375,
0.3920898438,
-0.0191497803,
-0.2193603516,
0.1728515625,
0.0036659241,
-0.4235839844,
-0.671875,
-1.5361328125,
-0.501953125,
0.2761230469,
-0.16015625,
0.8720703125,
1.1552734375,
0.2104492188,
-0.2524414062,
0.7475585938,
-0.3112792969,
-0.0328979492,
-0.1781005859,
-0.2653808594,
-0.0069885254,
0.0865478516,
-0.3381347656,
0.0316467285,
-0.6889648438,
1.11328125,
0.3559570312,
0.705078125,
0.0184936523,
-0.1708984375,
0.2155761719,
0.3125,
0.8862304688,
-0.1198730469,
0.6708984375,
0.2406005859,
0.018951416,
0.068359375,
0.0607910156,
0.232421875,
0.3276367188,
-0.4504394531,
0.3601074219,
0.1966552734,
0.1743164062,
-0.9975585938,
0.2839355469,
-0.1174316406,
1.5341796875,
-0.0369262695,
1.0966796875,
-0.0476379395,
-0.0894165039,
1.6171875,
1.1494140625,
-0.1599121094,
-0.8291015625,
-0.4365234375,
0.6752929688,
-0.552734375,
-1.1015625,
0.4943847656,
-0.4455566406,
-0.7490234375,
-0.7045898438,
0.1685791016,
-0.8583984375,
1.1708984375,
-0.7827148438,
0.3168945312,
-0.2563476562,
0.6396484375,
-0.4584960938,
-0.5087890625,
-0.7954101562,
1.28515625,
-0.580078125,
0.8198242188,
0.3857421875,
0.2119140625,
-1.2421875,
0.1267089844,
-1.21484375,
-1.42578125,
-0.0311126709,
0.5395507812,
-0.6435546875,
-0.0598449707,
1.5322265625,
0.1161499023,
-0.7163085938,
0.6967773438,
-0.6201171875,
-0.1817626953,
0.4079589844,
-0.2819824219,
0.2927246094,
-1.0185546875,
-0.9497070312,
-0.76171875,
0.435546875,
-0.1153564453,
1.439453125,
0.3791503906,
-0.7631835938,
0.6674804688,
0.5224609375,
-0.2015380859,
-0.4350585938,
0.7265625,
0.1345214844,
-0.2958984375,
-0.8833007812,
0.9135742188,
0.8012695312,
0.0576477051,
-0.0505371094,
-0.6713867188,
-0.6157226562,
-0.0747680664,
0.1628417969,
0.1885986328,
-0.5654296875,
-0.2175292969,
0.9956054688,
0.5302734375,
0.0913085938,
0.94921875,
0.2059326172,
-1.56640625,
-0.0783691406,
-0.1234741211,
-0.1224975586,
-0.3061523438,
1.080078125,
-0.3063964844,
-0.0157165527,
0.3215332031,
-1.0908203125,
0.6123046875,
0.4130859375,
0.2912597656,
0.1298828125,
-0.2668457031,
-0.8798828125,
-0.8344726562,
1.130859375,
-0.2744140625,
0.3149414062,
-0.5874023438,
-0.1362304688,
-0.4228515625,
0.3083496094,
0.7622070312,
0.4279785156,
0.2291259766,
0.4812011719,
0.9428710938,
-0.5620117188,
0.2807617188,
0.26171875,
-0.765625,
0.1730957031,
0.0518188477,
-0.1107788086,
-0.2587890625,
0.7177734375,
0.8491210938,
-0.5405273438,
-0.3249511719,
-0.9711914062,
-0.1381835938,
0.0273895264,
-0.3215332031,
-0.2507324219,
0.9780273438,
-0.1292724609,
0.3942871094,
0.8217773438,
0.2071533203,
0.634765625,
0.3898925781,
0.0708007812,
0.0722045898,
-0.4990234375,
-1.080078125,
0.1265869141,
-0.4013671875,
-0.0318908691,
-0.7666015625,
0.4677734375,
-0.19921875,
-1.7421875,
-0.4150390625,
0.2963867188,
0.5068359375,
-0.2739257812,
0.1527099609,
0.9833984375,
-0.1938476562,
-0.0535888672,
0.3337402344,
1.0625,
-0.1903076172,
-0.3227539062,
-0.1008300781,
-0.0436401367,
0.5239257812,
0.2644042969,
0.0630493164,
0.6459960938,
0.505859375,
0.986328125,
1.767578125,
-0.0216827393,
-0.4245605469,
-1.4033203125,
-0.6762695312,
0.1782226562,
0.5766601562,
0.2607421875,
-0.3122558594,
0.2880859375,
1.11328125,
0.125,
0.5209960938,
-0.1636962891,
-0.6962890625,
0.5302734375,
-0.78515625,
0.5268554688,
-0.0414123535,
-0.15625,
0.0210723877,
0.4096679688,
-0.0553283691,
-0.322265625,
-0.8999023438,
-0.4157714844,
0.1389160156,
0.1192016602,
-0.2673339844,
-0.1517333984,
-0.2614746094,
-0.1434326172,
-0.4672851562,
-0.69140625,
-0.1391601562,
-0.034362793,
0.322265625,
0.1671142578,
-0.1524658203,
-0.5380859375,
-0.7416992188,
0.5512695312,
-0.3466796875,
0.7651367188,
0.0280456543,
0.6450195312,
-0.4455566406,
-0.4165039062,
-0.4826660156,
-0.3627929688,
0.4086914062,
-0.8403320312,
-0.6909179688,
-0.8491210938,
-0.4125976562,
0.4421386719,
0.0345153809,
0.2404785156,
0.6352539062,
-0.1765136719,
0.1026000977,
-0.0171203613,
0.060546875,
-0.4304199219,
-0.7495117188,
0.3068847656,
0.0171661377,
0.8369140625,
0.189453125,
-0.3427734375,
-0.2568359375,
0.0877685547,
0.1389160156,
0.0458374023,
0.4455566406,
-0.2570800781,
0.6064453125,
-0.1192016602,
-0.4174804688,
-0.0990600586,
-0.0873413086,
0.0298309326,
-1.1533203125,
0.4475097656,
0.2744140625,
-0.2861328125,
-0.0068893433,
0.0271148682,
-0.0320129395,
1.517578125,
0.0015592575,
0.1143188477,
0.1094970703,
-0.0419921875,
-0.096862793,
0.4338378906,
-0.3500976562,
0.9970703125,
0.1135253906,
0.1668701172,
0.810546875,
0.7680664062,
-0.5283203125,
-0.3479003906,
-1.0146484375,
-0.7280273438,
0.923828125,
0.5126953125,
-0.63671875,
-0.9057617188,
1.326171875,
1.2978515625,
-1.1044921875,
0.46484375,
-0.6059570312,
-0.4577636719,
-0.8212890625,
-14.0859375,
-1.4462890625,
0.1834716797,
0.56640625,
-0.4438476562,
0.1285400391,
0.0731811523,
-0.689453125,
-0.3640136719,
-0.4909667969,
0.8642578125,
0.76171875,
0.0020008087,
-0.828125,
0.0926513672,
0.5463867188,
0.0443725586,
-0.576171875,
-0.2895507812,
-0.4428710938,
0.9560546875,
1.0654296875,
-0.2509765625,
-0.1490478516,
-1.5341796875,
0.2135009766,
0.6567382812,
0.4926757812,
0.4750976562,
1.03515625,
-0.3779296875,
-0.0623168945,
-0.1027832031,
0.3483886719,
-0.2484130859,
-0.818359375,
-0.1099853516,
-0.2653808594,
-0.3310546875,
-0.2707519531,
0.0261383057,
-0.880859375,
-0.3935546875,
-0.4169921875,
0.1665039062,
0.4155273438,
0.5400390625,
0.0113296509,
-0.2761230469,
-0.0991821289,
0.3969726562,
1.927734375,
0.529296875,
0.5756835938,
-1.6591796875,
-0.0137176514,
-0.8984375,
-0.1026611328,
0.1868896484,
-0.0707397461,
-0.1287841797,
0.7919921875,
0.9711914062,
-0.2463378906,
-0.4916992188,
-0.748046875,
0.017791748,
-0.6420898438,
0.0271759033,
-0.3952636719,
-0.3154296875,
0.3447265625,
1.453125,
-0.4633789062,
-0.1229858398,
0.8681640625,
0.8427734375,
0.0720214844,
-0.5864257812,
1.1162109375,
-0.1860351562,
-0.1419677734
] |
In summary, in the spring of 1814, as Fresnel tried in vain to guess what polarization was, the corpuscularists thought that they knew, while the wave-theorists (if we may use the plural) literally had no idea. Both theories claimed to explain rectilinear propagation, but the wave explanation was overwhelmingly regarded as unconvincing. The corpuscular theory could not rigorously link double refraction to surface forces; the wave theory could not yet link it to polarization. The corpuscular theory was weak on thin plates and silent on gratings; the wave theory was strong on both, but under-appreciated. Concerning diffraction, the corpuscular theory did not yield quantitative predictions, while the wave theory had begun to do so by considering diffraction as a manifestation of interference, but had only considered two rays at a time. Only the corpuscular theory gave even a vague insight into Brewster's angle, Malus's law, or optical rotation. Concerning chromatic polarization, the wave theory explained the periodicity far better than the corpuscular theory, but had nothing to say about the role of polarization; and its explanation of the periodicity was largely ignored. And Arago had founded the study of chromatic polarization, only to lose the lead, controversially, to Biot. Such were the circumstances in which Arago first heard of Fresnel's interest in optics. Rêveries
Fresnel's letters from later in 1814 reveal his interest in the wave theory, including his awareness that it explained the constancy of the speed of light and was at least compatible with stellar aberration. | [
-0.2907714844,
-0.814453125,
0.1047973633,
-0.5263671875,
-0.466796875,
-0.0885620117,
1.044921875,
0.4812011719,
0.5625,
0.2458496094,
-0.677734375,
-0.3503417969,
-0.291015625,
-0.9272460938,
0.2435302734,
-0.0698242188,
0.2188720703,
-0.4709472656,
-0.763671875,
0.58984375,
-0.1165771484,
0.4565429688,
-0.6899414062,
-0.50390625,
-1.1865234375,
-0.3713378906,
0.3615722656,
-0.388671875,
-0.4038085938,
-0.4187011719,
0.4897460938,
0.1834716797,
0.1905517578,
-0.021484375,
-0.2502441406,
1.1142578125,
-0.384765625,
-0.314453125,
-0.2563476562,
0.3640136719,
-0.4943847656,
-0.7490234375,
0.142578125,
-0.4348144531,
-0.2266845703,
0.4616699219,
0.2998046875,
0.2888183594,
-0.2619628906,
-1.0966796875,
-0.80078125,
-0.5307617188,
-0.3686523438,
-0.0058479309,
-0.3635253906,
-1.4541015625,
0.68359375,
-0.3935546875,
0.67578125,
0.0776977539,
-0.4858398438,
0.5048828125,
0.1056518555,
-0.2873535156,
0.8696289062,
-0.010597229,
0.2331542969,
-0.876953125,
-0.1104736328,
0.5185546875,
-0.849609375,
0.1694335938,
0.0042190552,
-0.4313964844,
-0.7583007812,
-0.4243164062,
-1.44921875,
0.3776855469,
0.2010498047,
1.2333984375,
-0.2734375,
-0.5561523438,
-0.4243164062,
-0.7036132812,
-0.8974609375,
-0.0642089844,
0.1778564453,
-0.5200195312,
-1.318359375,
2.119140625,
0.1137084961,
-0.7749023438,
-0.7583007812,
0.2354736328,
0.0955810547,
-0.263671875,
-0.3291015625,
-1.2353515625,
-0.814453125,
-0.2087402344,
0.0259399414,
-1.4658203125,
0.4560546875,
-0.0568847656,
0.1767578125,
1.2265625,
-0.7778320312,
-0.1380615234,
0.4870605469,
0.4985351562,
0.3395996094,
-0.4555664062,
1.0205078125,
-0.2785644531,
-0.697265625,
0.0230255127,
-0.5747070312,
0.2359619141,
-0.2302246094,
-0.5732421875,
0.1672363281,
0.5302734375,
0.7622070312,
-0.4880371094,
0.5620117188,
0.1135864258,
-0.3264160156,
-0.5922851562,
-0.0411987305,
0.2829589844,
0.2381591797,
-0.232421875,
-0.5029296875,
0.3862304688,
-0.1645507812,
-0.9052734375,
-0.23046875,
-0.1910400391,
0.3295898438,
-0.4033203125,
-0.3701171875,
0.7885742188,
-0.2006835938,
0.0698242188,
0.2407226562,
-0.1672363281,
-0.2425537109,
0.2496337891,
-0.3857421875,
0.4523925781,
-1.3369140625,
-0.0489501953,
0.53515625,
0.41015625,
-0.1483154297,
0.5400390625,
-0.9448242188,
-0.6860351562,
-0.8530273438,
-0.5737304688,
-0.6201171875,
-0.0990600586,
-0.9873046875,
-0.4765625,
-0.060760498,
0.9155273438,
-0.5546875,
-0.1198730469,
-0.515625,
0.77734375,
-0.1826171875,
0.4499511719,
0.2298583984,
0.0081100464,
-0.2023925781,
-1.3310546875,
0.62890625,
-0.2658691406,
-0.2263183594,
0.8344726562,
0.291015625,
-0.990234375,
0.2121582031,
-0.84765625,
0.2432861328,
0.2124023438,
0.0639038086,
0.2462158203,
-0.361328125,
-0.9208984375,
-0.5366210938,
1.052734375,
0.4194335938,
-0.4614257812,
-0.2824707031,
0.6669921875,
-1.015625,
-0.2391357422,
0.3068847656,
0.3823242188,
-0.2288818359,
0.8090820312,
1.0966796875,
0.3022460938,
0.4074707031,
0.1760253906,
0.2546386719,
-0.0504150391,
1.095703125,
0.0779418945,
-0.1373291016,
0.689453125,
-0.1875,
0.8359375,
0.4321289062,
0.1850585938,
0.4455566406,
0.1540527344,
0.3759765625,
-1.0517578125,
0.5229492188,
0.4108886719,
-1.6953125,
0.6303710938,
-0.9970703125,
-0.5146484375,
-0.4379882812,
1.7265625,
0.4682617188,
-0.1013183594,
0.3000488281,
0.1470947266,
-0.6181640625,
0.2526855469,
0.2498779297,
0.3388671875,
-0.1713867188,
-1.958984375,
0.3264160156,
-0.1514892578,
-0.3364257812,
-0.5107421875,
0.4206542969,
-0.0229644775,
-0.3571777344,
-0.8017578125,
0.8935546875,
0.3166503906,
0.3698730469,
0.7524414062,
0.0567016602,
0.0171966553,
-0.2644042969,
0.4802246094,
-0.7114257812,
0.7978515625,
-0.3520507812,
0.2993164062,
0.2175292969,
0.9892578125,
-0.25,
0.6508789062,
0.7661132812,
-0.5966796875,
0.4897460938,
-0.458984375,
0.681640625,
-0.0942382812,
0.089050293,
0.2648925781,
0.1381835938,
-0.5166015625,
-0.3266601562,
-0.6108398438,
0.2634277344,
0.1834716797,
-0.3908691406,
-1.11328125,
-0.0069389343,
-0.2841796875,
0.3801269531,
-0.546875,
-0.7514648438,
-0.98046875,
0.9619140625,
1.0849609375,
0.515625,
-0.0983276367,
0.1893310547,
0.9443359375,
-0.3039550781,
-0.7192382812,
-1.24609375,
0.3391113281,
0.4768066406,
-0.5966796875,
-0.0977783203,
0.0650634766,
-0.8466796875,
0.0418395996,
0.8544921875,
0.4392089844,
0.2026367188,
-0.0989990234,
0.6713867188,
0.9125976562,
0.1304931641,
-0.1115112305,
-1.025390625,
-0.4431152344,
1.025390625,
0.2269287109,
0.0417785645,
-1.1142578125,
0.2142333984,
0.0119171143,
-0.1574707031,
-0.6264648438,
-0.2680664062,
-0.2044677734,
-0.0977783203,
0.2502441406,
-0.1970214844,
-0.2408447266,
0.5869140625,
0.5263671875,
-0.6196289062,
-1.2431640625,
-0.404296875,
0.0788574219,
0.9443359375,
-0.0673217773,
0.091796875,
0.943359375,
0.4106445312,
0.8862304688,
0.3432617188,
-0.0628051758,
0.0670166016,
-0.024887085,
0.1115722656,
-0.3286132812,
-0.5419921875,
0.4357910156,
-0.0303649902,
0.2578125,
-2.015625,
0.0062942505,
0.5307617188,
-0.3454589844,
-0.1418457031,
0.4416503906,
-0.2602539062,
-1.0439453125,
-0.1196289062,
0.2834472656,
-0.2236328125,
-0.3332519531,
-0.3820800781,
-0.0637817383,
-0.2578125,
-0.4829101562,
-0.3051757812,
-0.3979492188,
-1.9853515625,
-0.4255371094,
-0.0646972656,
0.1120605469,
0.8168945312,
-0.1104125977,
-0.30859375,
0.4436035156,
-0.4555664062,
0.1501464844,
-0.087890625,
-0.8051757812,
-0.6552734375,
-0.2614746094,
-0.3806152344,
0.443359375,
-0.38671875,
-0.693359375,
-0.53515625,
-0.3015136719,
1.0029296875,
0.7744140625,
-0.3801269531,
0.5327148438,
-1.220703125,
-0.3481445312,
0.8168945312,
0.4270019531,
-0.7397460938,
0.2570800781,
0.1427001953,
0.3740234375,
0.7495117188,
-1.3583984375,
-0.8999023438,
0.0520629883,
0.515625,
-1.439453125,
0.4226074219,
1.1103515625,
0.2697753906,
-0.0551452637,
2.10546875,
0.0848388672,
-0.30859375,
0.1350097656,
-0.4387207031,
-0.0695800781,
0.357421875,
0.4975585938,
-1.013671875,
-0.0472717285,
0.2944335938,
0.5737304688,
0.640625,
0.1096191406,
-0.8979492188,
0.2985839844,
-0.6899414062,
-0.0585327148,
0.8623046875,
0.3679199219,
-0.2443847656,
-0.2244873047,
-0.537109375,
-0.8115234375,
-0.0765380859,
0.0836791992,
0.008430481,
0.9077148438,
0.3178710938,
0.033203125,
0.521484375,
0.1958007812,
0.1828613281,
-0.3259277344,
-0.4111328125,
0.7299804688,
-0.41015625,
0.4106445312,
0.9970703125,
0.5239257812,
-0.3879394531,
-0.6831054688,
0.6499023438,
-0.1237792969,
-0.6088867188,
0.6215820312,
0.3557128906,
0.4255371094,
0.85546875,
-0.2775878906,
-0.4245605469,
-0.4118652344,
0.0116119385,
0.1231079102,
0.3425292969,
-0.1549072266,
0.2481689453,
-0.1091918945,
0.5180664062,
-1.287109375,
-0.5751953125,
0.6889648438,
-0.0650634766,
-0.5034179688,
-0.0745849609,
-0.0522460938,
-0.7885742188,
-0.9580078125,
-0.736328125,
0.2314453125,
-0.0892944336,
-0.1395263672,
0.5786132812,
-0.2218017578,
1.1435546875,
0.494140625,
0.830078125,
-0.3117675781,
0.2279052734,
-0.3432617188,
-0.4296875,
0.0987548828,
-0.4091796875,
-0.4182128906,
0.3544921875,
0.2298583984,
0.4274902344,
0.75390625,
0.1844482422,
0.15234375,
-1.0703125,
0.0375671387,
-1.7119140625,
-0.2054443359,
-0.4150390625,
-0.0116577148,
-0.2905273438,
-0.7646484375,
-0.3706054688,
0.8051757812,
0.1604003906,
0.5483398438,
0.9931640625,
0.9282226562,
-0.931640625,
-0.78515625,
0.2722167969,
-0.5366210938,
-0.5234375,
-0.427734375,
0.7993164062,
0.3317871094,
-0.3327636719,
1.09765625,
0.0684814453,
-0.2878417969,
0.9672851562,
-0.521484375,
-1.1025390625,
0.1793212891,
0.197265625,
-0.197265625,
-0.271484375,
-0.6391601562,
1.78515625,
-0.0257720947,
0.1219482422,
-0.8125,
-0.5268554688,
0.5483398438,
0.904296875,
1.2490234375,
0.4152832031,
0.5209960938,
-0.0182495117,
1.087890625,
0.0556030273,
0.8154296875,
0.7221679688,
1.4765625,
0.5234375,
0.1126708984,
-0.4724121094,
1.0673828125,
-0.9443359375,
-0.4384765625,
0.6196289062,
0.2651367188,
-0.6298828125,
-0.2075195312,
-0.0425415039,
-0.6997070312,
0.6499023438,
-0.2021484375,
-0.671875,
-0.4045410156,
-0.0026435852,
-0.0523071289,
-0.2590332031,
0.0092849731,
0.1586914062,
0.0244598389,
-0.4223632812,
-0.0185394287,
0.0275115967,
-0.6850585938,
0.0228271484,
0.3862304688,
-0.51171875,
-0.8403320312,
-0.4694824219,
-0.2692871094,
0.5883789062,
-0.185546875,
-0.970703125,
-0.2668457031,
0.5932617188,
0.6401367188,
-0.4189453125,
0.5986328125,
0.568359375,
-0.4743652344,
-0.9345703125,
-0.9819335938,
-0.2641601562,
-0.478515625,
0.8979492188,
0.1877441406,
0.7319335938,
-0.0303497314,
-1.58203125,
0.1956787109,
1.1689453125,
0.0193786621,
-0.3166503906,
0.39453125,
-0.6362304688,
0.9331054688,
1.1005859375,
-0.5947265625,
-0.3955078125,
-0.1373291016,
0.6762695312,
0.1671142578,
-0.3293457031,
-0.6279296875,
1.1904296875,
-0.1892089844,
0.4128417969,
0.4501953125,
-0.6245117188,
-0.4526367188,
-0.3366699219,
-1.841796875,
-0.2766113281,
0.0085601807,
0.623046875,
0.4946289062,
0.69140625,
0.5087890625,
-0.1765136719,
0.0903320312,
-0.7001953125,
0.055267334,
0.2912597656,
-1.474609375,
0.2658691406,
0.1563720703,
0.2215576172,
-0.4013671875,
-0.9272460938,
1.4775390625,
0.544921875,
0.6015625,
0.3303222656,
-0.4614257812,
-1.0625,
0.4157714844,
1.29296875,
0.3293457031,
0.9633789062,
0.4848632812,
-0.9809570312,
-0.0458984375,
0.5151367188,
0.2941894531,
0.4094238281,
-0.7592773438,
-0.3857421875,
-0.0559692383,
-0.3627929688,
-0.7065429688,
0.7060546875,
0.2438964844,
1.0244140625,
0.3493652344,
0.5473632812,
-0.1947021484,
-0.4738769531,
0.8193359375,
1,
-0.673828125,
-0.6201171875,
-0.724609375,
0.9501953125,
-0.3891601562,
-1.0703125,
0.89453125,
-0.3715820312,
-0.4809570312,
-0.775390625,
-0.2008056641,
-0.6240234375,
1.1572265625,
-0.984375,
-0.004699707,
-0.3061523438,
0.1290283203,
-0.0849609375,
-0.0050430298,
-1.1015625,
0.2393798828,
-0.6455078125,
-0.1096801758,
0.6538085938,
0.2132568359,
-0.669921875,
-0.3041992188,
-1.34765625,
-0.9506835938,
-0.3388671875,
0.5244140625,
-0.4243164062,
0.2093505859,
1.1279296875,
0.3732910156,
-0.4035644531,
0.7495117188,
-0.5654296875,
-0.3356933594,
-0.1337890625,
-0.0347290039,
0.26953125,
-0.822265625,
-0.8134765625,
-0.59375,
0.6015625,
-0.3276367188,
0.625,
-0.4211425781,
-0.6196289062,
1.19921875,
1.09375,
0.63671875,
-0.2139892578,
0.861328125,
-0.2272949219,
0.0966186523,
-0.2680664062,
1.22265625,
0.2290039062,
0.032043457,
-0.4125976562,
-0.90625,
-0.3835449219,
-0.724609375,
0.3481445312,
-1.1220703125,
-0.1995849609,
-0.1688232422,
0.671875,
0.2509765625,
0.4436035156,
0.90234375,
-0.1912841797,
-1.0537109375,
-0.0904541016,
0.2149658203,
-0.0986328125,
-0.2391357422,
0.736328125,
0.7158203125,
-0.4248046875,
0.3308105469,
-1.0537109375,
0.2257080078,
0.6811523438,
-0.1229858398,
0.0075340271,
-0.376953125,
-0.8466796875,
-0.5708007812,
0.9633789062,
0.1708984375,
0.4479980469,
-0.3002929688,
-0.6313476562,
-0.3024902344,
0.5131835938,
0.1514892578,
0.096496582,
0.54296875,
0.37109375,
1.2421875,
-0.3239746094,
0.2064208984,
-0.013381958,
-0.6455078125,
-0.0545654297,
-0.1506347656,
-0.1973876953,
-0.2678222656,
0.5883789062,
0.2204589844,
-1.0390625,
-0.3283691406,
-0.3696289062,
-0.1629638672,
-0.3159179688,
-0.2937011719,
-0.4873046875,
1.3818359375,
-0.6616210938,
0.1462402344,
0.5747070312,
0.4689941406,
0.6513671875,
0.935546875,
-0.0384521484,
0.4436035156,
-0.2415771484,
-0.953125,
0.2073974609,
-0.1206054688,
0.0401916504,
-0.3286132812,
0.1307373047,
-0.677734375,
-0.865234375,
-0.2349853516,
-0.3920898438,
0.1901855469,
0.787109375,
0.2890625,
1.1357421875,
0.4055175781,
-0.1707763672,
0.076171875,
1.0361328125,
-0.2108154297,
-0.1647949219,
0.0817260742,
-0.0445861816,
0.2834472656,
0.0902099609,
0.3991699219,
0.33203125,
0.4382324219,
0.4614257812,
1.2568359375,
0.0687255859,
-0.62109375,
-1.2568359375,
-0.822265625,
0.0858764648,
0.6435546875,
-0.4211425781,
-0.3913574219,
0.3393554688,
1.4306640625,
0.5952148438,
0.59375,
0.4321289062,
-0.3227539062,
0.4150390625,
-0.9013671875,
0.6293945312,
0.1710205078,
-1.0830078125,
0.1721191406,
1.0048828125,
-0.0850219727,
-0.6166992188,
-0.6337890625,
-0.2026367188,
-0.4331054688,
-0.3911132812,
-0.7734375,
-0.1875,
-0.5786132812,
-0.0847167969,
-0.5830078125,
-0.4204101562,
0.0765380859,
0.556640625,
0.7734375,
-0.4953613281,
-0.3134765625,
0.0334777832,
-0.9765625,
-0.0324707031,
-0.6958007812,
0.4018554688,
0.2097167969,
0.3488769531,
-0.37890625,
-0.0461730957,
-0.513671875,
-0.1368408203,
-0.0737915039,
-0.3999023438,
-1.140625,
-1.1181640625,
-0.2529296875,
0.1063232422,
0.390625,
0.1790771484,
0.56640625,
-0.1132202148,
0.4904785156,
-0.3342285156,
-0.1630859375,
-0.1646728516,
-0.8642578125,
0.0181884766,
0.4333496094,
0.853515625,
0.2413330078,
0.0810546875,
-0.0715942383,
0.3405761719,
0.5454101562,
0.1583251953,
0.1783447266,
0.2194824219,
-0.1486816406,
0.1276855469,
0.1265869141,
0.1104736328,
-0.2360839844,
0.2015380859,
-0.9638671875,
0.2303466797,
0.6103515625,
-0.2344970703,
-0.0241851807,
0.0736083984,
-0.4738769531,
0.9809570312,
-0.1616210938,
-0.1899414062,
-0.6479492188,
0.1350097656,
-0.5883789062,
0.3161621094,
0.6704101562,
0.5610351562,
-0.580078125,
-0.4770507812,
0.513671875,
-0.1105957031,
-0.388671875,
0.2082519531,
-0.2817382812,
-0.5634765625,
0.6625976562,
0.3664550781,
-0.5537109375,
-0.6616210938,
1.4189453125,
0.9560546875,
-0.9086914062,
0.591796875,
-0.4152832031,
0.4948730469,
-0.1640625,
-13.9296875,
-2.486328125,
-0.0591125488,
0.4672851562,
-1.0859375,
0.1895751953,
0.2425537109,
-0.8715820312,
-0.2529296875,
-0.0236968994,
0.8715820312,
1.5390625,
-0.4255371094,
-0.3889160156,
-0.2174072266,
0.1602783203,
-0.390625,
-0.76171875,
-0.3771972656,
0.0844726562,
0.5498046875,
1.0185546875,
-0.4465332031,
0.4670410156,
-1.0322265625,
-0.1084594727,
1.0830078125,
-0.2175292969,
0.1849365234,
1.0732421875,
-0.4558105469,
0.0880737305,
-0.5288085938,
0.5600585938,
-1.06640625,
-0.4196777344,
0.5122070312,
0.3430175781,
-0.0924682617,
-0.1019287109,
-0.857421875,
-0.0416870117,
-0.3461914062,
0.1983642578,
0.4821777344,
0.630859375,
0.458984375,
-0.5864257812,
0.0607910156,
-0.1151123047,
0.8852539062,
1.2216796875,
0.4741210938,
-0.092956543,
-1.6953125,
-0.4223632812,
-0.3190917969,
0.5400390625,
-0.84765625,
0.4189453125,
-0.39453125,
1.02734375,
1.1923828125,
0.33203125,
-0.154296875,
-0.7163085938,
-0.5795898438,
-0.4406738281,
-0.2321777344,
-0.1564941406,
-0.0829467773,
0.0333862305,
1.62109375,
0.5756835938,
-0.5078125,
0.5502929688,
0.5087890625,
-0.3698730469,
-0.712890625,
0.2264404297,
-0.0318603516,
-0.3781738281
] |
Eventually he compiled what he called his rêveries (musings) into an essay and submitted it via Léonor Mérimée to André-Marie Ampère, who did not respond directly. But on 19 December, Mérimée dined with Ampère and Arago, with whom he was acquainted through the École Polytechnique; and Arago promised to look at Fresnel's essay. In mid 1815, on his way home to Mathieu to serve his suspension, Fresnel met Arago in Paris and spoke of the wave theory and stellar aberration. He was informed that he was trying to break down open doors ("il enfonçait des portes ouvertes"), and directed to classical works on optics. Diffraction
First attempt (1815)
On 12 July 1815, as Fresnel was about to leave Paris, Arago left him a note on a new topic:
Fresnel would not have ready access to these works outside Paris, and could not read English. But, in Mathieu – with a point-source of light made by focusing sunlight with a drop of honey, a crude micrometer of his own construction, and supporting apparatus made by a local locksmith – he began his own experiments. His technique was novel: whereas earlier investigators had projected the fringes onto a screen, Fresnel soon abandoned the screen and observed the fringes in space, through a lens with the micrometer at its focus, allowing more accurate measurements while requiring less light. Later in July, after Napoleon's final defeat, Fresnel was reinstated with the advantage of having backed the winning side. He requested a two-month leave of absence, which was readily granted because roadworks were in abeyance. | [
-1.0107421875,
0.2145996094,
0.2456054688,
-1.3173828125,
-0.3598632812,
-0.3483886719,
0.572265625,
0.8701171875,
1.26953125,
0.4448242188,
-0.3315429688,
0.1541748047,
-0.4899902344,
-0.1468505859,
0.1541748047,
0.3955078125,
0.357421875,
-0.5561523438,
-0.8525390625,
0.275390625,
-0.451171875,
-0.8413085938,
-0.5673828125,
-0.3881835938,
-1.009765625,
-0.2038574219,
0.8041992188,
0.0628051758,
-0.8032226562,
-0.3718261719,
0.3586425781,
-0.34765625,
-0.0543212891,
-0.4567871094,
-0.4912109375,
1.3076171875,
0.0196533203,
-0.3107910156,
-0.28515625,
0.100769043,
-1.3203125,
-0.8256835938,
0.0174713135,
-0.4052734375,
-0.57421875,
0.3745117188,
-0.2958984375,
0.4379882812,
-0.716796875,
-0.5205078125,
-0.5415039062,
-0.0693969727,
-0.4113769531,
0.216796875,
-0.0475463867,
-0.5366210938,
-0.3833007812,
-0.7270507812,
-0.1549072266,
-0.1329345703,
-0.1529541016,
0.9594726562,
-0.4860839844,
-0.1290283203,
1.662109375,
-0.8916015625,
0.0451965332,
-1.1728515625,
0.5,
0.4477539062,
-0.1851806641,
-0.0659790039,
-0.6254882812,
-0.57421875,
-0.9306640625,
0.1943359375,
-0.830078125,
1.07421875,
-0.1502685547,
0.4272460938,
-0.623046875,
-0.3420410156,
-1.455078125,
-1.33203125,
-1.0615234375,
-0.93359375,
-0.28515625,
-0.8793945312,
-1.2978515625,
1.853515625,
-0.0109100342,
-0.9624023438,
-0.1773681641,
0.2315673828,
-0.2512207031,
-0.8984375,
-0.3337402344,
-2.021484375,
-0.9868164062,
-0.5517578125,
0.1850585938,
-1.166015625,
0.8754882812,
-0.1573486328,
-0.0354614258,
1.697265625,
-0.5107421875,
-0.6528320312,
0.2037353516,
0.017578125,
0.2336425781,
-0.4248046875,
0.9418945312,
-0.2375488281,
-1.5068359375,
0.6870117188,
-0.9125976562,
-0.3657226562,
-1.076171875,
-0.3444824219,
0.1986083984,
0.0419616699,
0.2230224609,
-0.51171875,
-0.052734375,
0.2388916016,
0.0102157593,
0.2209472656,
0.3029785156,
-0.2868652344,
-0.4135742188,
0.3039550781,
-0.8896484375,
-0.3078613281,
0.4790039062,
-0.6513671875,
-1.44921875,
0.1159057617,
-0.1701660156,
0.2116699219,
-0.203125,
0.9038085938,
0.2629394531,
-0.3518066406,
0.4182128906,
-0.578125,
-0.4892578125,
0.4663085938,
-0.6401367188,
0.7001953125,
-1.2548828125,
-0.0797119141,
0.4633789062,
0.4279785156,
-0.8955078125,
-0.1606445312,
-0.7553710938,
-0.34375,
-0.7124023438,
-0.2307128906,
-0.1895751953,
-0.974609375,
-0.896484375,
-1.3125,
0.1590576172,
0.35546875,
0.1805419922,
0.2454833984,
0.2900390625,
0.1580810547,
0.3491210938,
0.2778320312,
-0.5229492188,
0.2418212891,
-0.4106445312,
-1.8125,
0.5200195312,
-0.0684204102,
0.3627929688,
0.3967285156,
0.6245117188,
-1.267578125,
-0.5546875,
-0.6118164062,
-0.2844238281,
-0.3395996094,
0.0885620117,
-0.0014877319,
-0.3879394531,
-1.033203125,
-0.4733886719,
1.080078125,
-0.0917358398,
-0.3579101562,
-0.521484375,
0.1602783203,
-1.345703125,
0.5639648438,
-0.0802612305,
1.0263671875,
-0.1774902344,
1.0068359375,
0.1234741211,
-0.1798095703,
0.1627197266,
0.716796875,
0.0586547852,
0.2900390625,
1.0947265625,
1.0478515625,
-0.1314697266,
0.2885742188,
0.1141967773,
0.3723144531,
0.2629394531,
-0.5810546875,
0.9169921875,
0.59375,
0.2459716797,
-1.306640625,
0.9389648438,
0.7504882812,
-1.404296875,
0.1973876953,
-1.4296875,
-0.6899414062,
-1.0283203125,
1.5146484375,
0.4006347656,
-0.3454589844,
0.3205566406,
0.7651367188,
-0.6459960938,
0.1091918945,
0.4392089844,
0.0338439941,
-0.7807617188,
-1.1455078125,
0.0936889648,
-0.1741943359,
0.1285400391,
-0.669921875,
-0.2288818359,
-0.9750976562,
0.2900390625,
-0.7075195312,
0.8364257812,
0.4658203125,
0.0391540527,
0.38671875,
0.849609375,
-0.7114257812,
0.4658203125,
-0.1829833984,
-0.4208984375,
0.6962890625,
-0.4951171875,
0.2197265625,
0.4348144531,
0.9555664062,
0.2890625,
0.2917480469,
1.30078125,
-0.9775390625,
0.0297241211,
-0.2517089844,
0.4106445312,
-0.3637695312,
-0.0389404297,
0.2286376953,
0.4208984375,
-0.7368164062,
-0.3776855469,
-0.0198974609,
0.3864746094,
-0.4084472656,
-0.6118164062,
0.3002929688,
0.4353027344,
0.0193328857,
-0.2561035156,
-0.666015625,
-1.015625,
-0.3330078125,
0.8798828125,
0.7436523438,
0.35546875,
0.0332641602,
0.0477905273,
0.904296875,
-0.8422851562,
-0.4506835938,
-0.2724609375,
-0.2247314453,
0.1046142578,
0.2814941406,
-0.2495117188,
-0.2138671875,
-1.0673828125,
-0.3825683594,
-0.8037109375,
0.9169921875,
0.1085205078,
-0.4709472656,
0.1563720703,
1.267578125,
0.2944335938,
0.0409545898,
-0.7631835938,
-0.1630859375,
0.1307373047,
0.6806640625,
-0.0988769531,
-0.4931640625,
0.0063476562,
0.2509765625,
0.1754150391,
0.0154953003,
-0.396484375,
-0.8364257812,
0.2800292969,
0.0896606445,
0.1073608398,
-0.251953125,
0.2247314453,
0.8842773438,
-0.1341552734,
-1.802734375,
0.3488769531,
0.0451660156,
0.330078125,
0.3659667969,
0.6337890625,
0.5083007812,
-0.0935058594,
0.380859375,
1.4677734375,
-0.0239257812,
0.5024414062,
0.1497802734,
-0.1466064453,
0.1927490234,
-0.4838867188,
0.0794067383,
-0.2338867188,
0.1656494141,
-1.189453125,
0.4045410156,
0.1078491211,
-0.0440673828,
-0.1684570312,
0.076965332,
-0.3701171875,
-1.3076171875,
-0.224609375,
0.8369140625,
-0.8251953125,
-0.1944580078,
0.0643310547,
-0.1586914062,
0.25,
-0.7177734375,
0.4936523438,
0.1694335938,
-0.4516601562,
-0.7983398438,
-0.1258544922,
0.7041015625,
1.4453125,
0.4892578125,
0.0361328125,
0.1762695312,
-0.5151367188,
0.5224609375,
0.83203125,
0.0659790039,
-1.1533203125,
-0.0623779297,
-0.5932617188,
0.177734375,
-0.2998046875,
-1.1240234375,
-1.130859375,
-0.4558105469,
0.0997924805,
0.5161132812,
0.0402832031,
-0.4995117188,
-1.259765625,
0.1392822266,
0.818359375,
0.619140625,
0.0454711914,
-0.4782714844,
-0.2318115234,
0.4626464844,
1.3173828125,
-1.8564453125,
-0.556640625,
0.0639038086,
-0.1170043945,
-0.6953125,
0.9868164062,
0.5947265625,
-0.2573242188,
-0.3725585938,
2.73046875,
0.2442626953,
0.0942993164,
-0.0608825684,
-0.3876953125,
0.0350036621,
0.4113769531,
0.3259277344,
-0.89453125,
-0.0183258057,
0.0844116211,
0.2563476562,
0.1037597656,
0.720703125,
-0.603515625,
0.2548828125,
0.1488037109,
0.2634277344,
1.0166015625,
0.29296875,
-0.0290679932,
0.767578125,
-0.1129150391,
-0.91796875,
-0.5502929688,
-0.1068115234,
0.2612304688,
0.5234375,
0.4064941406,
-0.0030708313,
0.2105712891,
0.2153320312,
0.650390625,
-0.2156982422,
-0.0940551758,
0.6196289062,
-0.5786132812,
0.2736816406,
0.6987304688,
0.4716796875,
0.1209106445,
-0.4008789062,
0.8129882812,
-0.8657226562,
-0.4489746094,
0.0453491211,
0.3666992188,
0.2307128906,
0.9765625,
-0.3332519531,
-0.3737792969,
-0.6005859375,
0.3620605469,
0.3103027344,
-0.0795898438,
0.3984375,
-0.3720703125,
-0.4794921875,
-0.1243896484,
-1.068359375,
-0.0622253418,
0.552734375,
0.333984375,
0.1895751953,
-0.4621582031,
0.0933837891,
-1.408203125,
-0.2778320312,
-0.3857421875,
0.7006835938,
0.2127685547,
0.0728759766,
0.016784668,
0.1280517578,
1.1875,
-0.6196289062,
-0.1000366211,
-0.0820922852,
0.6733398438,
-0.51953125,
0.2396240234,
-0.0399475098,
0.0633544922,
-1.1005859375,
0.548828125,
0.654296875,
-0.1390380859,
0.6948242188,
-0.6083984375,
0.0335693359,
-0.5014648438,
-0.1008300781,
-1.578125,
0.1346435547,
-0.6274414062,
0.5278320312,
-0.4350585938,
-0.5673828125,
-0.6806640625,
1.0107421875,
-0.4709472656,
1.244140625,
0.7592773438,
1.0458984375,
-0.2298583984,
-0.4641113281,
0.02293396,
-0.0184326172,
0.0450134277,
-0.5053710938,
0.9252929688,
0.1478271484,
-0.0132064819,
0.5678710938,
0.5151367188,
-0.0430297852,
0.791015625,
-0.1906738281,
-1.1474609375,
1.056640625,
0.3305664062,
-0.5512695312,
0.1111450195,
0.3752441406,
0.7856445312,
-0.6474609375,
0.705078125,
-0.70703125,
-0.6293945312,
-0.19921875,
0.9736328125,
1.1630859375,
0.5258789062,
0.9047851562,
0.3010253906,
0.6909179688,
0.677734375,
-0.0381469727,
0.2021484375,
1.4990234375,
-0.1551513672,
0.7036132812,
-0.9189453125,
1.05859375,
-0.3935546875,
-0.4509277344,
1.158203125,
1.0361328125,
-0.4597167969,
-0.2814941406,
-0.796875,
-0.6240234375,
0.1447753906,
0.2257080078,
-0.1594238281,
-0.1577148438,
0.4606933594,
0.4897460938,
0.0415344238,
-0.3642578125,
0.4436035156,
0.7412109375,
-0.4033203125,
-0.4431152344,
0.3283691406,
-0.9682617188,
0.0202331543,
-0.056427002,
-0.8369140625,
-0.3637695312,
0.0346069336,
-0.59765625,
0.0450134277,
-0.7348632812,
-0.1604003906,
0.6142578125,
-0.4675292969,
0.7631835938,
-0.0210113525,
0.1535644531,
0.5024414062,
-0.7822265625,
-0.3896484375,
-0.61328125,
-0.5590820312,
-0.4125976562,
0.0200958252,
-0.4697265625,
0.939453125,
0.0063209534,
-1.1533203125,
-0.0439147949,
1.24609375,
-0.1260986328,
0.375,
0.4128417969,
0.1334228516,
0.9755859375,
1.4423828125,
-0.3217773438,
-0.333984375,
0.1020507812,
0.7006835938,
0.9692382812,
0.1194458008,
-0.3039550781,
1.2939453125,
-1.5166015625,
1.087890625,
0.7377929688,
0.2836914062,
-0.044921875,
0.0813598633,
-2.05078125,
0.6450195312,
0.2631835938,
0.4240722656,
-0.3706054688,
0.591796875,
0.3315429688,
-0.3100585938,
0.28125,
-0.1962890625,
-0.2766113281,
-0.021194458,
-1.4208984375,
-0.1032714844,
0.20703125,
1.0244140625,
0.0056686401,
-0.521484375,
0.908203125,
-0.1131591797,
0.2641601562,
0.3171386719,
-0.4880371094,
-0.388671875,
0.2280273438,
1.5673828125,
-0.0386962891,
0.7700195312,
1.056640625,
-0.64453125,
0.2108154297,
1.1611328125,
0.732421875,
1.025390625,
-0.33203125,
-0.1668701172,
0.0847167969,
-0.3742675781,
-0.9389648438,
0.671875,
0.1405029297,
0.7543945312,
0.2990722656,
-0.5224609375,
-0.2419433594,
-0.1759033203,
0.3229980469,
-0.1779785156,
-0.7456054688,
-0.6884765625,
-0.2663574219,
1.2802734375,
0.104309082,
-0.1773681641,
1.1953125,
0.039276123,
0.0542297363,
-1.0556640625,
-1.0595703125,
-0.6821289062,
0.3708496094,
-0.5141601562,
-0.0822753906,
-0.4367675781,
-0.1887207031,
0.0895385742,
0.0764160156,
-1.0693359375,
0.7983398438,
-0.6127929688,
0.1884765625,
0.4169921875,
-0.1234130859,
-0.748046875,
-0.9755859375,
-0.5185546875,
-1.3955078125,
-0.203125,
-0.3884277344,
-0.102722168,
1.1552734375,
0.1333007812,
0.1459960938,
-0.7622070312,
0.1628417969,
-0.9267578125,
0.0386962891,
0.0516967773,
-0.0880737305,
0.4458007812,
-1.69921875,
-0.5581054688,
-0.2193603516,
-0.0950927734,
-1.083984375,
0.2340087891,
-0.9555664062,
-0.728515625,
0.6547851562,
1.265625,
0.5131835938,
-0.5278320312,
1.35546875,
-0.8232421875,
0.3984375,
-0.1634521484,
1.0732421875,
-0.2381591797,
-0.1721191406,
0.3859863281,
-0.2512207031,
-1.1083984375,
-0.4235839844,
0.1434326172,
-0.9096679688,
0.0903320312,
0.5854492188,
0.3371582031,
0.085144043,
0.2890625,
1.0712890625,
-0.5336914062,
-0.3771972656,
-0.0443115234,
-0.2687988281,
-0.0067672729,
-0.4875488281,
0.9501953125,
0.3920898438,
-0.3571777344,
-0.5415039062,
-0.5576171875,
-0.4016113281,
0.5224609375,
0.8217773438,
-0.1916503906,
-0.0920410156,
-0.166015625,
-0.3630371094,
0.9501953125,
-0.0979003906,
0.3400878906,
-0.3029785156,
-0.732421875,
-0.4450683594,
1.0283203125,
0.5336914062,
-0.6782226562,
0.880859375,
-0.2861328125,
1.4130859375,
-0.2491455078,
-0.1008300781,
0.2749023438,
-0.1782226562,
-0.1958007812,
0.1228637695,
0.0174713135,
-1.0771484375,
1.2734375,
-0.0129394531,
-1.54296875,
-0.2990722656,
0.3327636719,
-0.4514160156,
-0.9936523438,
-0.2712402344,
-0.4694824219,
0.9262695312,
-1.0087890625,
-0.2814941406,
0.3481445312,
0.1533203125,
0.0348205566,
0.583984375,
-0.0961303711,
0.0319519043,
-0.1604003906,
-0.6455078125,
0.4580078125,
-0.0706176758,
0.3073730469,
-0.65234375,
-0.1284179688,
-0.2445068359,
-1.283203125,
0.1480712891,
0.1346435547,
-0.0399780273,
0.9809570312,
-0.1525878906,
0.7290039062,
0.4074707031,
0.6708984375,
0.5795898438,
-0.5458984375,
-0.1298828125,
0.2778320312,
0.2932128906,
0.6655273438,
0.4582519531,
-0.1052246094,
-0.7709960938,
0.84375,
-0.1394042969,
0.2995605469,
0.46875,
-0.2604980469,
0.0261077881,
-1.1826171875,
-0.4106445312,
-0.2469482422,
0.3994140625,
-0.0409545898,
0.0395507812,
0.8227539062,
1.7138671875,
-0.3247070312,
-0.1370849609,
0.1944580078,
0.1519775391,
-0.4841308594,
-0.5654296875,
1.068359375,
-0.3366699219,
-0.3088378906,
0.8442382812,
0.6552734375,
-0.3532714844,
-0.1905517578,
-0.76953125,
-0.7421875,
-0.595703125,
-0.6254882812,
-0.578125,
-0.1652832031,
-0.5698242188,
-0.2722167969,
-0.7294921875,
-0.4191894531,
-0.5825195312,
0.8149414062,
0.8466796875,
-0.4084472656,
-0.462890625,
-0.4360351562,
-0.083984375,
-0.2216796875,
-0.2631835938,
-0.6064453125,
0.0688476562,
0.794921875,
-0.4763183594,
-0.3977050781,
-0.2331542969,
-0.2412109375,
-0.1785888672,
-0.4416503906,
-1.26953125,
-0.76953125,
-0.3581542969,
-0.6635742188,
1.13671875,
0.4653320312,
-0.1462402344,
0.2744140625,
0.6049804688,
-0.1046142578,
0.2088623047,
-0.6918945312,
-0.2751464844,
0.1508789062,
0.2863769531,
0.7094726562,
0.365234375,
0.0556030273,
0.2071533203,
-0.1209716797,
0.2797851562,
0.3244628906,
-0.102722168,
-0.2486572266,
-0.1586914062,
-0.2156982422,
0.302734375,
0.0366210938,
-0.361328125,
0.8466796875,
-0.6040039062,
0.0456848145,
0.3666992188,
0.4611816406,
0.1233520508,
-0.1342773438,
-0.2106933594,
0.9926757812,
0.375,
0.3425292969,
-0.7153320312,
-0.1071777344,
-0.8764648438,
0.72265625,
0.6586914062,
0.1697998047,
-0.19921875,
0.1571044922,
0.7412109375,
-0.3322753906,
0.34375,
-0.1942138672,
-0.1877441406,
0.1276855469,
1.228515625,
0.3063964844,
-0.2990722656,
-0.5732421875,
0.9716796875,
0.78125,
-0.1568603516,
0.9052734375,
-0.0772094727,
-0.1368408203,
0.2854003906,
-13.140625,
-1.791015625,
0.3017578125,
0.0965576172,
-0.5678710938,
0.6596679688,
0.2307128906,
-0.064453125,
0.27734375,
-0.2556152344,
0.0845947266,
1.4287109375,
-0.3796386719,
-0.1452636719,
-0.1346435547,
-0.3073730469,
0.78515625,
-0.7333984375,
-0.4733886719,
0.4416503906,
0.7612304688,
1.4306640625,
-1.21484375,
0.8564453125,
0.548828125,
0.1320800781,
1.0458984375,
-0.703125,
0.3171386719,
0.1689453125,
-0.763671875,
-0.0534057617,
0.1641845703,
-0.1198120117,
-1.0322265625,
0.4216308594,
0.251953125,
0.1889648438,
-0.3403320312,
-0.1549072266,
-0.7407226562,
0.8203125,
0.2381591797,
0.4709472656,
0.0518188477,
1.0341796875,
-0.8159179688,
-1.001953125,
-0.0413818359,
-0.5834960938,
-0.1993408203,
1.52734375,
0.4113769531,
-0.4411621094,
-0.8369140625,
-0.2388916016,
-0.2573242188,
0.6044921875,
0.0874023438,
0.4592285156,
-0.5678710938,
0.5092773438,
0.2651367188,
-0.1599121094,
0.0834350586,
-0.4064941406,
-0.7041015625,
-0.5903320312,
-0.0608215332,
-0.3278808594,
0.110168457,
-1.240234375,
2.021484375,
0.8247070312,
-0.5244140625,
0.8090820312,
0.2183837891,
0.0653076172,
-0.4470214844,
0.453125,
-0.6010742188,
-1.076171875
] |
On 23 September he wrote to Arago, beginning "I think I have found the explanation and the law of colored fringes which one notices in the shadows of bodies illuminated by a luminous point." In the same paragraph, however, Fresnel implicitly acknowledged doubt about the novelty of his work: noting that he would need to incur some expense in order to improve his measurements, he wanted to know "whether this is not useless, and whether the law of diffraction has not already been established by sufficiently exact experiments." He explained that he had not yet had a chance to acquire the items on his reading lists, with the apparent exception of "Young's book", which he could not understand without his brother's help. Not surprisingly, he had retraced many of Young's steps. In a memoir sent to the institute on 15 October 1815, Fresnel mapped the external and internal fringes in the shadow of a wire. He noticed, like Young before him, that the internal fringes disappeared when the light from one side was blocked, and concluded that "the vibrations of two rays that cross each other under a very small angle can contradict each other…" But, whereas Young took the disappearance of the internal fringes as confirmation of the principle of interference, Fresnel reported that it was the internal fringes that first drew his attention to the principle. | [
-0.4475097656,
-0.9321289062,
0.2507324219,
-0.1989746094,
-0.8793945312,
0.4360351562,
0.8012695312,
0.2717285156,
0.2990722656,
0.5522460938,
-0.2408447266,
0.7661132812,
0.05859375,
-0.0893554688,
-0.1988525391,
-0.3093261719,
0.0451049805,
-0.3415527344,
-1.0908203125,
0.4875488281,
-0.4235839844,
-0.3806152344,
0.2529296875,
-0.734375,
-0.6865234375,
-0.4584960938,
0.5791015625,
0.1632080078,
-0.0064888,
-0.3649902344,
0.5415039062,
0.1932373047,
-0.1411132812,
0.3586425781,
0.0878295898,
1.0390625,
-0.2785644531,
-0.1940917969,
-0.0434570312,
-0.1187744141,
-0.1551513672,
-0.5375976562,
0.2333984375,
-0.4489746094,
-0.2010498047,
-0.0203094482,
0.0903930664,
0.0777587891,
-0.6313476562,
-0.7236328125,
-0.0049629211,
-0.62890625,
-0.4050292969,
0.0305633545,
0.0562438965,
-0.9189453125,
-0.2507324219,
-0.3190917969,
0.5043945312,
-0.1441650391,
-0.6118164062,
0.8344726562,
0.267578125,
-0.2071533203,
1.154296875,
-0.859375,
-0.4248046875,
-1.5458984375,
0.0285797119,
0.1895751953,
-0.560546875,
0.4624023438,
-0.5297851562,
-0.9599609375,
-0.6801757812,
0.028137207,
-0.9267578125,
0.4418945312,
-0.0246582031,
0.8676757812,
-1.189453125,
-0.5556640625,
-0.3068847656,
-1.7783203125,
-0.4880371094,
-0.5678710938,
0.7133789062,
-0.5771484375,
-0.7768554688,
1.7587890625,
0.3286132812,
-0.6352539062,
-1.2431640625,
0.7016601562,
-0.0750732422,
-0.4709472656,
-0.7670898438,
-1.8720703125,
-1.29296875,
-0.236328125,
0.1978759766,
-0.6489257812,
1.0703125,
-0.1384277344,
-0.1618652344,
1.134765625,
-0.6088867188,
-0.4660644531,
-0.3330078125,
0.66015625,
0.4638671875,
-0.2663574219,
0.4147949219,
-0.390625,
-1.0986328125,
0.3469238281,
-0.42578125,
-0.3901367188,
-1.0048828125,
-0.5859375,
0.4504394531,
-0.0149383545,
0.3395996094,
-0.4951171875,
-0.1700439453,
0.2042236328,
0.3830566406,
-0.361328125,
-0.2341308594,
0.065246582,
-0.4990234375,
0.2275390625,
-0.3901367188,
-0.548828125,
0.4877929688,
-0.763671875,
-0.8032226562,
-0.1424560547,
0.0162353516,
-0.3454589844,
-0.1068115234,
0.9301757812,
0.2573242188,
0.3442382812,
-0.2724609375,
-0.3815917969,
0.1989746094,
0.1235351562,
0.2568359375,
0.3227539062,
-0.6005859375,
-0.1723632812,
0.5473632812,
0.7456054688,
-0.3420410156,
0.3483886719,
-0.580078125,
0.3349609375,
-0.8251953125,
0.2780761719,
-0.3955078125,
-0.1655273438,
-0.5385742188,
-1.1015625,
0.4985351562,
-0.0885620117,
0.2587890625,
0.15234375,
0.0971679688,
0.998046875,
-0.8232421875,
0.6987304688,
-0.1890869141,
0.4445800781,
0.189453125,
-1.4599609375,
0.9541015625,
-0.2347412109,
-0.0557556152,
1.0361328125,
0.3510742188,
-0.8588867188,
0.4733886719,
-0.1938476562,
-0.2274169922,
-0.0312805176,
0.568359375,
0.0383605957,
-0.3786621094,
-0.66796875,
-0.0902709961,
0.5678710938,
-0.0434570312,
-0.5546875,
-0.6928710938,
0.9565429688,
-0.4033203125,
0.1517333984,
-0.045715332,
0.1689453125,
0.1167602539,
1.279296875,
0.0358581543,
-0.118347168,
0.361328125,
0.216796875,
0.1417236328,
-0.3627929688,
0.8037109375,
1.314453125,
0.0727539062,
0.8383789062,
0.3137207031,
0.7192382812,
0.1342773438,
-0.8315429688,
0.2844238281,
0.1677246094,
0.2467041016,
-0.6069335938,
0.8056640625,
0.93359375,
-1.7060546875,
0.3608398438,
-1.6494140625,
0.8154296875,
-0.8383789062,
1.5009765625,
0.6796875,
-0.0394287109,
0.3195800781,
0.2115478516,
-0.8056640625,
-0.0048141479,
0.0821533203,
-0.2917480469,
0.4711914062,
-1.25,
0.5302734375,
-0.1068725586,
-0.6103515625,
-1.4375,
0.4291992188,
-0.6958007812,
0.0452575684,
-0.744140625,
0.7807617188,
0.0733642578,
0.7412109375,
0.6635742188,
-0.0637207031,
-0.0132064819,
0.1588134766,
0.5341796875,
-0.7001953125,
0.4274902344,
-0.3898925781,
0.7587890625,
0.1986083984,
0.5263671875,
0.3273925781,
-0.1872558594,
1.5263671875,
-0.7265625,
-0.298828125,
0.26953125,
0.1175537109,
0.2469482422,
0.615234375,
0.009262085,
0.3881835938,
-0.8876953125,
-1.3447265625,
0.5649414062,
-0.3842773438,
-0.2915039062,
-0.2966308594,
-0.9741210938,
0.1954345703,
-0.73828125,
0.018447876,
-0.7915039062,
-0.3776855469,
-0.6337890625,
0.4821777344,
1.3408203125,
0.1079711914,
-0.0759887695,
-0.4877929688,
0.6591796875,
-0.6958007812,
-0.1607666016,
-1.15234375,
0.3654785156,
-0.048828125,
0.3549804688,
0.0252838135,
1.048828125,
-0.2861328125,
-0.5385742188,
-0.3415527344,
1.0888671875,
0.716796875,
0.3359375,
0.6787109375,
0.4577636719,
-0.3703613281,
-0.0082092285,
-1.2138671875,
-0.0861816406,
0.1403808594,
0.5336914062,
0.2091064453,
-0.4287109375,
-0.6899414062,
0.1192016602,
-0.1860351562,
-0.1518554688,
0.6328125,
-0.2941894531,
0.2171630859,
0.5180664062,
-0.4978027344,
-0.3359375,
0.3161621094,
-0.033203125,
-0.1248779297,
-1.48046875,
-0.328125,
0.2493896484,
0.0431518555,
0.0005664825,
0.0198059082,
0.7099609375,
-0.2108154297,
-0.2275390625,
0.7583007812,
0.8427734375,
0.1878662109,
0.3896484375,
-0.5874023438,
-0.016998291,
-0.8994140625,
0.2543945312,
-0.1831054688,
0.2335205078,
-0.88671875,
0.2351074219,
0.3896484375,
-0.1083374023,
-0.6044921875,
-0.1979980469,
0.0162200928,
-0.517578125,
-0.5209960938,
0.0363464355,
-0.5639648438,
-0.3269042969,
0.4274902344,
0.1662597656,
0.0854492188,
-0.8017578125,
0.3981933594,
0.010635376,
-1.2607421875,
-0.0321350098,
-0.1207275391,
1.025390625,
0.734375,
-0.0465087891,
0.5034179688,
-0.1278076172,
-0.3603515625,
0.3010253906,
-0.0177001953,
0.0825195312,
-0.7124023438,
-0.2194824219,
-0.2604980469,
0.0429077148,
-0.49609375,
-0.7426757812,
-1.21875,
-0.6518554688,
0.3896484375,
0.2561035156,
-0.0556640625,
0.1328125,
-0.5170898438,
-0.1645507812,
0.2548828125,
0.7216796875,
-0.3120117188,
0.1351318359,
-0.1418457031,
-0.1181030273,
1.07421875,
-0.994140625,
-0.4008789062,
-0.2042236328,
-0.4677734375,
-0.8657226562,
0.1907958984,
1.3193359375,
-0.3720703125,
-0.4013671875,
2.68359375,
0.0856933594,
0.3596191406,
-0.1724853516,
-0.5576171875,
0.1108398438,
0.2023925781,
0.0352783203,
-1.208984375,
-0.102722168,
0.4528808594,
0.0286102295,
-0.4658203125,
0.4050292969,
-0.81640625,
-0.2783203125,
-0.0009860992,
0.2219238281,
0.9301757812,
0.5400390625,
-1.01953125,
0.6596679688,
-0.0219421387,
-0.5551757812,
-0.7216796875,
0.1245117188,
0.7119140625,
1.1884765625,
0.5380859375,
0.0829467773,
0.2188720703,
-0.2164306641,
0.2072753906,
-0.71875,
-0.3237304688,
1.51171875,
-0.5502929688,
0.1916503906,
-0.4921875,
0.4523925781,
-0.162109375,
0.2443847656,
0.3435058594,
-0.349609375,
-0.927734375,
0.68359375,
-0.08203125,
0.090637207,
0.40625,
-0.5854492188,
0.2646484375,
-0.0191802979,
-0.043182373,
0.0533752441,
0.2951660156,
-0.3139648438,
-0.1356201172,
-0.4140625,
0.3217773438,
-2.091796875,
-0.2442626953,
0.3383789062,
-0.9448242188,
0.3405761719,
0.0670166016,
-0.513671875,
-0.6577148438,
0.1976318359,
0.0398864746,
0.2873535156,
0.1910400391,
-0.2885742188,
-0.1300048828,
-0.21875,
0.978515625,
0.110168457,
0.1236572266,
-0.1877441406,
0.4631347656,
-0.8090820312,
-0.2373046875,
0.6108398438,
-0.0171356201,
-0.8374023438,
0.2489013672,
0.4357910156,
-0.2734375,
0.6166992188,
0.2668457031,
-0.1492919922,
-0.732421875,
-0.2156982422,
-1.560546875,
-0.2553710938,
-0.1375732422,
0.2685546875,
-0.0562438965,
-0.7241210938,
-0.4677734375,
1.3740234375,
-0.0847167969,
0.2687988281,
1.0576171875,
0.7490234375,
-0.1319580078,
-0.2565917969,
0.6333007812,
-0.41015625,
-0.333984375,
-1.322265625,
0.076965332,
0.16015625,
-0.5190429688,
-0.611328125,
0.4020996094,
0.0850219727,
0.8159179688,
-0.2064208984,
-0.3698730469,
0.1806640625,
0.0529174805,
-0.1030273438,
-0.0071029663,
0.3022460938,
1.0048828125,
-0.0715332031,
0.1925048828,
-0.1083374023,
-0.7202148438,
-0.3728027344,
0.8935546875,
0.5888671875,
0.5302734375,
0.9047851562,
-0.0436706543,
0.1976318359,
0.1011352539,
-0.1623535156,
0.1237182617,
1.2568359375,
-0.052947998,
0.1529541016,
-0.4477539062,
1.154296875,
-0.4020996094,
0.1713867188,
1.04296875,
-0.3266601562,
-0.3728027344,
0.0673828125,
-0.2095947266,
-0.9521484375,
0.3061523438,
0.0017004013,
-0.8598632812,
0.0950317383,
0.2078857422,
0.0350952148,
-0.4877929688,
-0.14453125,
0.2192382812,
-0.646484375,
-0.794921875,
-0.6030273438,
-0.3413085938,
-0.2531738281,
0.7939453125,
-0.369140625,
-0.701171875,
-0.3146972656,
-0.0739746094,
-0.599609375,
-0.2722167969,
0.0124588013,
-0.3093261719,
0.0231323242,
0.0827026367,
0.337890625,
0.1322021484,
0.36328125,
0.2609863281,
-1.2890625,
-0.640625,
-0.2329101562,
-0.3876953125,
-0.1501464844,
0.0551757812,
0.0158996582,
0.6606445312,
-0.0267486572,
-0.958984375,
0.3483886719,
0.69921875,
0.30078125,
1.0869140625,
0.23828125,
-0.4140625,
0.4614257812,
1.244140625,
-0.1361083984,
0.1765136719,
0.4504394531,
1.064453125,
0.6479492188,
0.3903808594,
-1.1142578125,
0.4116210938,
-1.29296875,
0.6694335938,
0.4763183594,
-0.7744140625,
-0.1806640625,
0.0101852417,
-2.08203125,
-0.2457275391,
0.3029785156,
0.212890625,
0.1734619141,
0.5571289062,
0.0693969727,
-0.1962890625,
0.2291259766,
-0.1909179688,
0.7377929688,
-0.1508789062,
-0.9399414062,
-0.0303039551,
0.0914306641,
0.033782959,
-0.0289916992,
-0.5146484375,
1.2666015625,
0.6689453125,
-0.0390014648,
0.2272949219,
-0.2238769531,
-0.2995605469,
-0.1917724609,
1.271484375,
-0.654296875,
1.2978515625,
0.0891723633,
-1.1962890625,
0.2393798828,
0.6708984375,
0.857421875,
0.751953125,
0.1793212891,
-0.3818359375,
0.2858886719,
-0.1036987305,
-1.9443359375,
1.04296875,
-0.6606445312,
1.009765625,
0.1878662109,
0.3293457031,
-0.5766601562,
-0.345703125,
1.060546875,
0.970703125,
-0.384765625,
-1.1337890625,
-0.3854980469,
0.392578125,
-0.0527648926,
-1.0185546875,
1.03125,
-0.2934570312,
0.33984375,
-1.0869140625,
-0.7509765625,
-0.83984375,
0.5131835938,
-0.3361816406,
0.0220031738,
-0.4484863281,
0.982421875,
-0.3266601562,
-0.0446166992,
-0.5502929688,
0.76953125,
-0.3095703125,
0.5424804688,
-0.6684570312,
0.236328125,
-1.431640625,
-1.0107421875,
0.0589599609,
-1.2197265625,
0.1400146484,
0.2130126953,
-0.4521484375,
1.0078125,
0.685546875,
0.1905517578,
-0.7836914062,
-0.0238037109,
-1.18359375,
0.1104125977,
-0.0378723145,
-0.4204101562,
0.5170898438,
-1.4267578125,
-1.4248046875,
0.0266723633,
0.3825683594,
-0.2493896484,
0.1016235352,
-0.4599609375,
-0.9018554688,
0.4299316406,
1.2451171875,
-0.0977783203,
-0.9311523438,
1.2998046875,
-0.6103515625,
0.2392578125,
-0.1145629883,
0.9760742188,
0.9794921875,
-0.337890625,
-0.0186767578,
0.3596191406,
-0.3823242188,
-0.0166931152,
0.1633300781,
-0.3598632812,
-0.3530273438,
-0.4250488281,
0.9428710938,
-0.4892578125,
0.0989379883,
0.8481445312,
-0.4482421875,
-0.7915039062,
-0.3598632812,
0.1390380859,
-0.2270507812,
0.0910644531,
1.216796875,
0.4702148438,
-0.3654785156,
-0.4348144531,
-0.37109375,
0.2585449219,
0.533203125,
0.462890625,
-0.53125,
0.4470214844,
-1.00390625,
-0.4814453125,
1.0283203125,
0.036895752,
-0.591796875,
-0.1831054688,
-0.5415039062,
-0.3337402344,
0.3215332031,
-0.0507507324,
-0.1571044922,
0.560546875,
-0.0477600098,
0.802734375,
0.3662109375,
-0.2492675781,
0.5849609375,
-0.2622070312,
0.427734375,
-0.2712402344,
0.0319213867,
-0.4213867188,
0.7065429688,
1.07421875,
-1.005859375,
-0.0202331543,
-0.1638183594,
0.1381835938,
-0.7827148438,
0.162109375,
-0.3273925781,
0.9995117188,
-1.173828125,
-0.5380859375,
0.1785888672,
-0.1418457031,
0.4836425781,
0.6328125,
-0.5048828125,
0.6606445312,
-0.2905273438,
-0.7724609375,
0.6025390625,
-0.3054199219,
-0.4755859375,
-0.0152664185,
-0.1636962891,
0.0814208984,
-1.634765625,
-0.1319580078,
0.8989257812,
0.1134643555,
0.6000976562,
0.4045410156,
0.3752441406,
-0.0537719727,
1.0166015625,
0.3586425781,
-0.0598449707,
-0.4567871094,
0.8896484375,
-0.0369873047,
0.876953125,
0.4060058594,
0.2186279297,
-0.6025390625,
0.9526367188,
0.7807617188,
1.2509765625,
0.1364746094,
-0.6708984375,
-0.1657714844,
-1.2822265625,
-0.4716796875,
-0.1322021484,
0.6689453125,
0.3071289062,
-0.1176757812,
0.580078125,
1.5126953125,
0.59765625,
0.1078491211,
0.4792480469,
-0.4099121094,
0.1651611328,
-0.646484375,
0.7431640625,
-0.0302886963,
-0.5874023438,
0.685546875,
0.6625976562,
-0.0837402344,
-0.0779418945,
-0.8544921875,
-0.884765625,
-0.4240722656,
-0.0676269531,
-0.8608398438,
-0.5004882812,
-1.2900390625,
0.0137710571,
-0.4760742188,
-0.2934570312,
-0.7529296875,
0.466796875,
0.8217773438,
-0.2440185547,
-0.2496337891,
0.1099243164,
-0.4348144531,
-0.7099609375,
-0.5122070312,
0.0885009766,
0.2810058594,
0.8725585938,
-0.7954101562,
-0.0027141571,
-0.0550842285,
-0.0408325195,
-0.2399902344,
-0.767578125,
-0.8637695312,
-0.6245117188,
-0.2156982422,
0.1661376953,
0.7368164062,
0.1229858398,
0.2663574219,
0.7387695312,
0.4995117188,
0.1663818359,
0.4116210938,
0.0640869141,
-0.3000488281,
-0.2561035156,
0.5073242188,
0.9047851562,
-0.2073974609,
0.2471923828,
-0.0773925781,
0.29296875,
-0.1334228516,
-0.2388916016,
0.1556396484,
-0.2097167969,
0.1556396484,
0.37109375,
0.9404296875,
0.255859375,
-0.2427978516,
0.529296875,
-0.4772949219,
0.2741699219,
-0.4077148438,
-0.322265625,
0.0167388916,
-0.0286407471,
-0.8696289062,
0.296875,
0.5043945312,
0.0251312256,
-0.6611328125,
0.1920166016,
0.0411071777,
0.66796875,
0.5229492188,
0.0188140869,
-1.1513671875,
-0.1100463867,
0.3720703125,
0.1544189453,
-0.7685546875,
0.2807617188,
0.2546386719,
-0.0246124268,
0.6313476562,
0.1252441406,
-0.1383056641,
-0.2524414062,
0.9072265625,
1.45703125,
-0.392578125,
0.2822265625,
-0.3295898438,
0.46875,
-0.7260742188,
-13.9921875,
-1.953125,
0.6201171875,
0.2744140625,
-1.33203125,
0.5341796875,
0.0296783447,
0.0868530273,
-0.0321350098,
0.6762695312,
0.6938476562,
1.353515625,
-0.2890625,
-0.2375488281,
0.3830566406,
-0.4123535156,
0.0967407227,
-0.3244628906,
-1.1689453125,
0.0532531738,
0.556640625,
0.5043945312,
-1.2021484375,
0.9296875,
-0.4301757812,
-0.0966186523,
0.5498046875,
-0.7451171875,
0.341796875,
0.5795898438,
-0.6977539062,
0.6225585938,
-0.0729980469,
0.4504394531,
-0.5043945312,
-0.1622314453,
0.2744140625,
1.021484375,
-0.3012695312,
-0.3696289062,
-1.22265625,
-0.2976074219,
0.5234375,
0.2856445312,
0.4133300781,
0.2465820312,
-0.2241210938,
-0.3405761719,
0.267578125,
-0.6284179688,
-0.7084960938,
1.283203125,
0.3857421875,
-0.3149414062,
-1.3095703125,
-0.6669921875,
-0.4848632812,
1.0595703125,
-0.8178710938,
0.4445800781,
-0.5815429688,
0.640625,
0.5810546875,
-0.1898193359,
-0.7651367188,
-0.4477539062,
-0.9189453125,
0.0801391602,
0.3684082031,
-0.2509765625,
0.1811523438,
-0.6728515625,
2.37109375,
0.501953125,
0.1463623047,
-0.3044433594,
0.1306152344,
-0.2292480469,
0.2666015625,
0.3840332031,
-0.6318359375,
-0.5708007812
] |
To explain the diffraction pattern, Fresnel constructed the internal fringes by considering the intersections of circular wavefronts emitted from the two edges of the obstruction, and the external fringes by considering the intersections between direct waves and waves reflected off the nearer edge. For the external fringes, to obtain tolerable agreement with observation, he had to suppose that the reflected wave was inverted; and he noted that the predicted paths of the fringes were hyperbolic. In the part of the memoir that most clearly surpassed Young, Fresnel explained the ordinary laws of reflection and refraction in terms of interference, noting that if two parallel rays were reflected or refracted at other than the prescribed angle, they would no longer have the same phase in a common perpendicular plane, and every vibration would be cancelled by a nearby vibration. He noted that his explanation was valid provided that the surface irregularities were much smaller than the wavelength. On 10 November, Fresnel sent a supplementary note dealing with Newton's rings and with gratings, including, for the first time, transmission gratings – although in that case the interfering rays were still assumed to be "inflected", and the experimental verification was inadequate because it used only two threads. As Fresnel was not a member of the institute, the fate of his memoir depended heavily on the report of a single member. The reporter for Fresnel's memoir turned out to be Arago (with Poinsot as the other reviewer). On 8 November, Arago wrote to Fresnel:
Fresnel was troubled, wanting to know more precisely where he had collided with Young. | [
-0.3068847656,
-0.4858398438,
-0.3198242188,
-0.5434570312,
-0.4155273438,
0.2932128906,
0.3522949219,
0.6801757812,
0.3198242188,
0.7094726562,
-0.3076171875,
0.3112792969,
0.0295562744,
0.0794067383,
0.3630371094,
0.341796875,
0.2592773438,
-0.1473388672,
-0.8745117188,
0.1364746094,
-0.2680664062,
0.3330078125,
-0.1011962891,
-0.5541992188,
-1.1015625,
0.1186523438,
0.7788085938,
-0.5883789062,
0.3630371094,
-0.4523925781,
0.4912109375,
-0.0402832031,
-0.501953125,
0.4169921875,
-0.3115234375,
0.8647460938,
-0.2900390625,
0.0670776367,
0.1233520508,
0.2221679688,
0.1614990234,
-0.5483398438,
0.1976318359,
-0.98046875,
-0.421875,
0.3896484375,
0.1776123047,
0.2327880859,
-0.1032714844,
-0.7587890625,
0.0783691406,
-0.056854248,
0.1297607422,
0.0006985664,
0.0502319336,
-0.5581054688,
-0.546875,
-0.3515625,
0.443359375,
0.2600097656,
-0.0905151367,
1.076171875,
-0.3132324219,
0.0002832413,
1.2880859375,
-0.4140625,
-0.3212890625,
-1.5166015625,
-0.0465393066,
0.0663452148,
-0.7065429688,
0.5678710938,
-0.5693359375,
-1.0888671875,
-0.525390625,
0.0936889648,
-0.9375,
0.4680175781,
0.2297363281,
0.638671875,
-1.193359375,
-0.3071289062,
-0.2421875,
-1.1669921875,
-0.72265625,
-1.2509765625,
0.4357910156,
-0.4040527344,
-0.7900390625,
1.7265625,
0.1917724609,
-0.7392578125,
-0.96484375,
0.6235351562,
-0.2961425781,
-0.3784179688,
-0.630859375,
-1.943359375,
-1.2294921875,
-0.3767089844,
0.1373291016,
-0.1186523438,
0.5668945312,
-0.3708496094,
0.1030273438,
1.599609375,
-0.326171875,
-0.7109375,
0.3376464844,
0.4182128906,
-0.2634277344,
-0.3669433594,
0.3728027344,
-0.5458984375,
-1.330078125,
0.1827392578,
-0.5727539062,
0.0024833679,
-0.9692382812,
-0.5073242188,
0.6157226562,
0.0939941406,
0.494140625,
-0.3735351562,
0.1184082031,
0.2335205078,
-0.1474609375,
-0.1387939453,
0.4299316406,
0.1257324219,
-0.8764648438,
-0.0152435303,
-0.494140625,
-0.4963378906,
-0.2795410156,
-0.98046875,
-0.841796875,
-0.4111328125,
-0.0971679688,
-0.234375,
-0.3032226562,
0.93359375,
0.003786087,
-0.5942382812,
-0.2034912109,
-0.0611572266,
0.3286132812,
0.4113769531,
-0.4123535156,
0.5068359375,
-0.8935546875,
-0.0241546631,
-0.0000675321,
0.1032104492,
-0.1893310547,
0.4177246094,
-0.904296875,
0.2283935547,
-0.1708984375,
0.0419921875,
-0.509765625,
-0.4267578125,
-0.7280273438,
-1.0546875,
0.3903808594,
0.1672363281,
0.01902771,
0.108581543,
-0.0640258789,
1.1259765625,
-0.6245117188,
0.3293457031,
0.1721191406,
0.4362792969,
0.1337890625,
-1.3671875,
0.728515625,
-0.2553710938,
0.3107910156,
1.15234375,
0.7866210938,
-0.5278320312,
0.3383789062,
-0.3347167969,
-0.4189453125,
0.0562438965,
0.5844726562,
0.1046142578,
-0.4367675781,
-0.5517578125,
-0.0493164062,
0.9755859375,
0.2296142578,
-0.5068359375,
-0.5678710938,
0.5571289062,
-0.7392578125,
0.291015625,
0.3508300781,
-0.0436706543,
-0.2191162109,
0.71875,
0.5224609375,
0.4221191406,
0.2805175781,
-0.1878662109,
0.5341796875,
-0.0653686523,
0.2429199219,
1.0693359375,
0.2541503906,
0.7963867188,
0.0102767944,
0.8696289062,
0.0413818359,
-0.2032470703,
0.3928222656,
0.1716308594,
0.3471679688,
-1.1474609375,
0.4868164062,
1.015625,
-1.5078125,
0.2985839844,
-1.189453125,
-0.1249389648,
-0.6083984375,
1.318359375,
0.5053710938,
-0.1446533203,
0.4348144531,
0.1187133789,
-0.5927734375,
0.7456054688,
-0.0178375244,
-0.0556945801,
0.4438476562,
-1.2412109375,
0.1179199219,
0.045135498,
-0.2446289062,
-1.0615234375,
-0.2670898438,
-0.5869140625,
0.0973510742,
-1.2119140625,
0.5009765625,
0.3483886719,
0.6577148438,
0.8383789062,
0.0038852692,
-0.1452636719,
0.5727539062,
0.2814941406,
-0.1658935547,
0.7915039062,
-0.431640625,
0.1167602539,
-0.2230224609,
0.5551757812,
0.501953125,
0.5966796875,
1.35546875,
-0.95703125,
-0.1534423828,
-0.4597167969,
0.3981933594,
-0.0950317383,
0.3093261719,
0.3408203125,
0.515625,
-0.3649902344,
-1.5,
0.3356933594,
-0.6108398438,
0.0648803711,
0.1170043945,
-0.9077148438,
-0.0462341309,
-0.8642578125,
-0.2150878906,
-0.4702148438,
-0.4580078125,
-0.572265625,
0.7451171875,
1.095703125,
0.5810546875,
-0.2607421875,
-0.4233398438,
0.7358398438,
-0.99609375,
-0.0481567383,
-1.208984375,
-0.2922363281,
-0.4262695312,
-0.0883178711,
-0.3442382812,
0.7465820312,
0.0114517212,
-0.2397460938,
-0.376953125,
1.2109375,
0.0639648438,
0.5107421875,
0.4030761719,
0.50390625,
-0.4348144531,
0.3505859375,
-0.91796875,
0.0838012695,
0.0065040588,
-0.1035766602,
0.310546875,
-0.671875,
-0.8666992188,
0.1116333008,
-0.1779785156,
-0.2110595703,
0.5883789062,
-0.1811523438,
-0.0814819336,
0.8232421875,
-0.5463867188,
-0.8022460938,
0.5185546875,
0.3073730469,
-0.0700683594,
-1.4326171875,
-0.5942382812,
0.4436035156,
0.2125244141,
0.0706176758,
0.0374755859,
0.80859375,
-0.39453125,
0.0143966675,
0.1385498047,
0.724609375,
0.4846191406,
0.1970214844,
-1.1591796875,
-0.8979492188,
-0.6948242188,
0.6801757812,
0.0927124023,
-0.5717773438,
-0.67578125,
-0.1705322266,
0.4445800781,
-0.2457275391,
-0.61328125,
0.0633544922,
0.0485229492,
-0.9252929688,
-0.8955078125,
0.2790527344,
-0.4904785156,
-0.3786621094,
0.0467834473,
0.0041427612,
0.1579589844,
-0.8168945312,
0.0891723633,
0.0559997559,
-1.2607421875,
0.038848877,
-0.2578125,
0.7319335938,
0.9189453125,
0.0607299805,
0.0922241211,
0.1580810547,
-0.2008056641,
0.1549072266,
-0.0117263794,
-0.1430664062,
-1.390625,
-0.4587402344,
-0.0961303711,
0.0378417969,
-0.8090820312,
-0.7387695312,
-1.45703125,
-0.578125,
0.7377929688,
0.4060058594,
0.0146179199,
-0.3286132812,
-0.7836914062,
-0.2998046875,
0.5122070312,
0.6962890625,
0.0393066406,
0.3608398438,
0.0374755859,
-0.3637695312,
0.53125,
-1.3173828125,
-0.1572265625,
-0.3669433594,
-0.2266845703,
-0.76171875,
0.4150390625,
1.3115234375,
-0.3161621094,
-0.3061523438,
2.322265625,
0.708984375,
0.9575195312,
0.0565795898,
-0.3498535156,
-0.3051757812,
0.2165527344,
0.3596191406,
-1.6494140625,
-0.30859375,
0.8188476562,
0.2359619141,
-0.3774414062,
0.3342285156,
-0.9047851562,
-0.2595214844,
0.2956542969,
0.3757324219,
0.7001953125,
0.4890136719,
-0.34765625,
0.3217773438,
0.1843261719,
-0.8540039062,
-0.5083007812,
0.0225982666,
0.108215332,
0.9750976562,
0.283203125,
0.310546875,
-0.0838012695,
-0.4697265625,
0.0857543945,
-0.4216308594,
0.0956420898,
1.38671875,
-0.3967285156,
0.2810058594,
0.0249328613,
0.6372070312,
0.1954345703,
0.0600585938,
0.2734375,
-0.5454101562,
-0.4768066406,
1.0263671875,
-0.1520996094,
-0.010345459,
0.8330078125,
-1.19921875,
-0.2944335938,
-0.0670166016,
-0.4616699219,
-0.3374023438,
0.1357421875,
-0.2575683594,
-0.322265625,
0.0376586914,
0.4208984375,
-1.490234375,
0.291015625,
0.3754882812,
-0.658203125,
0.4680175781,
-0.3640136719,
0.0197906494,
-0.9204101562,
-0.2058105469,
-0.0781860352,
0.2551269531,
0.1098022461,
0.0020179749,
-0.0476074219,
0.3012695312,
1.2783203125,
0.3046875,
0.4541015625,
-0.1635742188,
0.3391113281,
-0.9985351562,
-0.1596679688,
0.3518066406,
-0.0141525269,
-1.1953125,
0.4846191406,
-0.14453125,
-0.1613769531,
0.2819824219,
0.6772460938,
-0.1376953125,
-0.724609375,
-0.4777832031,
-1.783203125,
-0.4226074219,
-0.3159179688,
0.0748901367,
-0.0799560547,
-0.68359375,
-0.1887207031,
1.2568359375,
-0.2260742188,
0.0666503906,
1.1328125,
0.359375,
-0.4873046875,
-0.1203613281,
0.5122070312,
-0.416015625,
-0.5141601562,
-0.9272460938,
0.2834472656,
0.3549804688,
0.0301361084,
-0.2722167969,
0.3171386719,
-0.1466064453,
0.8486328125,
-0.2152099609,
-0.6850585938,
0.5888671875,
0.1746826172,
-0.3117675781,
0.0510559082,
0.5620117188,
1.0654296875,
0.1843261719,
0.0393981934,
0.1172485352,
-1.0009765625,
-0.2780761719,
0.8823242188,
0.7368164062,
0.8193359375,
0.4514160156,
0.0813598633,
0.3833007812,
-0.3308105469,
0.1428222656,
0.1905517578,
1.876953125,
-0.3745117188,
0.5659179688,
-0.736328125,
1.7919921875,
0.0311737061,
-0.0787963867,
0.7216796875,
0.400390625,
-0.4116210938,
-0.4167480469,
-0.3125,
-0.4240722656,
0.3134765625,
-0.4794921875,
-0.6220703125,
0.1018676758,
0.294921875,
-0.2741699219,
-0.3444824219,
0.2081298828,
0.0766601562,
-0.4865722656,
-0.6782226562,
-0.3330078125,
-0.4665527344,
-0.4084472656,
0.77734375,
0.0717773438,
-0.6083984375,
-0.4721679688,
0.3278808594,
-0.7446289062,
-0.1374511719,
0.0299835205,
-0.3649902344,
0.0770263672,
0.1943359375,
-0.0120925903,
0.1303710938,
0.51953125,
0.638671875,
-1.08984375,
-0.65234375,
-0.3381347656,
-0.2944335938,
-0.337890625,
0.7529296875,
-0.2687988281,
0.681640625,
-0.0345458984,
-1.10546875,
0.2375488281,
0.736328125,
0.5087890625,
0.6494140625,
0.1295166016,
-0.8974609375,
0.9189453125,
0.92578125,
-0.38671875,
0.0971069336,
0.1948242188,
0.857421875,
0.3056640625,
0.0057830811,
-0.3852539062,
0.978515625,
-0.8095703125,
0.677734375,
0.3635253906,
-0.4125976562,
-0.0265197754,
-0.1826171875,
-1.5634765625,
0.1453857422,
0.0226745605,
0.3603515625,
-0.7475585938,
1.212890625,
0.3540039062,
-0.0229492188,
0.3132324219,
0.0645751953,
0.6767578125,
0.1613769531,
-0.7456054688,
0.0329284668,
0.0308074951,
0.1842041016,
0.0021686554,
-0.4230957031,
1.30078125,
0.4416503906,
0.4204101562,
0.1002807617,
0.078918457,
-0.1779785156,
0.3022460938,
1.494140625,
-0.2741699219,
0.9223632812,
0.0761108398,
-0.8588867188,
0.759765625,
0.2692871094,
0.8095703125,
0.40625,
0.3215332031,
-0.3564453125,
-0.0241851807,
-0.0458374023,
-0.9931640625,
0.8642578125,
-0.4653320312,
0.95703125,
0.5112304688,
0.4211425781,
-0.443359375,
-0.0193481445,
1.19921875,
0.8598632812,
-0.1370849609,
-1.017578125,
-0.4477539062,
0.423828125,
0.0231628418,
-0.5649414062,
0.9897460938,
-0.1734619141,
0.4763183594,
-0.8779296875,
-0.4724121094,
-0.7998046875,
0.791015625,
-0.251953125,
0.41796875,
-0.5883789062,
0.70703125,
0.3005371094,
0.2817382812,
-0.4167480469,
0.5756835938,
-0.8598632812,
0.640625,
-0.1417236328,
0.3054199219,
-1.6015625,
-0.9609375,
-0.4196777344,
-0.5024414062,
-0.31640625,
0.0356140137,
-0.4025878906,
0.2416992188,
0.3637695312,
-0.1817626953,
-0.8530273438,
0.1154174805,
-1.1953125,
0.0911254883,
-0.37109375,
0.2403564453,
0.4162597656,
-0.9643554688,
-1.0458984375,
-0.1240234375,
0.5302734375,
-0.2580566406,
1.0673828125,
-0.6533203125,
-0.5625,
1.029296875,
1.353515625,
0.5043945312,
-1.0068359375,
0.8608398438,
-0.6069335938,
0.318359375,
0.1922607422,
1.681640625,
0.2375488281,
0.1209716797,
0.2734375,
0.1071777344,
-0.4914550781,
-0.3017578125,
0.1802978516,
-0.4431152344,
-0.0270385742,
0.1104736328,
0.8676757812,
-0.5122070312,
-0.0959472656,
1.0615234375,
-0.8837890625,
-0.5571289062,
0.2768554688,
-0.67578125,
-0.1844482422,
0.1724853516,
1.1884765625,
-0.1358642578,
0.2722167969,
-0.2951660156,
-0.4079589844,
-0.0838012695,
0.7700195312,
0.3002929688,
-0.4533691406,
-0.3327636719,
-0.7958984375,
-0.1791992188,
0.6689453125,
-0.022567749,
-0.8291015625,
-0.2062988281,
-0.4069824219,
-0.3681640625,
-0.0447387695,
-0.0143356323,
-0.2117919922,
0.6850585938,
-0.2069091797,
1.263671875,
0.1522216797,
0.0561828613,
0.4196777344,
-0.2028808594,
0.3244628906,
-0.1743164062,
-0.0504150391,
-0.9404296875,
0.1234741211,
0.5844726562,
-1.0107421875,
-0.3435058594,
0.1440429688,
-0.4455566406,
-0.9458007812,
-0.3054199219,
-0.3120117188,
1.076171875,
-1.146484375,
-0.9477539062,
0.0711669922,
-0.1098632812,
0.0540161133,
0.6552734375,
-0.0780029297,
0.232421875,
-0.0987548828,
-0.767578125,
-0.4733886719,
0.3654785156,
-0.1530761719,
-0.4279785156,
0.392578125,
-0.2543945312,
-2.30078125,
-0.4357910156,
0.2661132812,
0.7612304688,
0.7626953125,
0.1618652344,
0.2360839844,
0.6997070312,
0.8608398438,
-0.5454101562,
-0.0076293945,
-0.2907714844,
0.5600585938,
0.2308349609,
0.9233398438,
0.4255371094,
-0.2432861328,
-0.546875,
0.279296875,
-0.0181884766,
1.2587890625,
0.107421875,
0.0860595703,
0.2396240234,
-1.361328125,
-0.5673828125,
-0.0450134277,
1.21875,
-0.0018033981,
-0.010055542,
0.2739257812,
1.509765625,
0.0703125,
0.0818481445,
0.5390625,
0.0096893311,
0.1776123047,
-1.03125,
0.70703125,
-0.0541992188,
-0.5107421875,
0.0894165039,
0.533203125,
-0.1850585938,
-0.1949462891,
-0.2573242188,
-0.50390625,
-0.5004882812,
-0.2927246094,
-0.6201171875,
-0.4636230469,
-0.9213867188,
0.1474609375,
-0.5571289062,
-0.0304260254,
0.2502441406,
0.8881835938,
0.9077148438,
0.0774536133,
-0.7534179688,
-0.5498046875,
-0.5,
-0.9174804688,
-0.4714355469,
0.5844726562,
0.4602050781,
1.1728515625,
-0.6787109375,
-0.4501953125,
0.0682373047,
0.4260253906,
-0.073059082,
-1.0380859375,
-0.39453125,
-1.0595703125,
0.1223754883,
0.0820922852,
0.9111328125,
0.2553710938,
0.6069335938,
0.7080078125,
0.2117919922,
0.6547851562,
0.4797363281,
-0.7373046875,
-0.2683105469,
-0.1044311523,
0.65234375,
1.111328125,
0.1916503906,
0.4501953125,
-0.2934570312,
0.0185699463,
0.294921875,
0.0590209961,
-0.7670898438,
0.2108154297,
-0.0475158691,
0.0128326416,
0.5620117188,
0.1267089844,
-0.2607421875,
0.5024414062,
-0.931640625,
0.4450683594,
-1.03515625,
-0.0651855469,
0.0108108521,
-0.4934082031,
-0.71484375,
0.100402832,
0.0519104004,
0.4526367188,
-0.3591308594,
0.1403808594,
0.4284667969,
0.3679199219,
0.4182128906,
0.1198730469,
-0.39453125,
0.6147460938,
0.5522460938,
0.0015945435,
-0.2116699219,
0.0433044434,
-0.69140625,
-0.3112792969,
0.6743164062,
-0.0818481445,
-0.736328125,
0.2683105469,
1.119140625,
1.1572265625,
-0.3664550781,
0.4387207031,
-0.3159179688,
0.0798339844,
-0.0506286621,
-14.1640625,
-1.671875,
0.2941894531,
-0.2939453125,
-1.0419921875,
0.8510742188,
-0.1931152344,
-0.3095703125,
-0.1944580078,
0.5258789062,
0.4633789062,
0.65625,
0.4587402344,
-0.9399414062,
0.1252441406,
-0.3193359375,
0.37890625,
-0.8950195312,
-1.0517578125,
0.5747070312,
0.8203125,
0.6352539062,
-1.5537109375,
0.7846679688,
-0.900390625,
-0.0494995117,
0.2785644531,
-0.6577148438,
-0.1175537109,
0.80078125,
-0.849609375,
0.166015625,
-0.13671875,
0.1212768555,
-0.4724121094,
-0.5024414062,
0.2722167969,
0.765625,
-0.431640625,
-0.68359375,
-0.9814453125,
-0.0949707031,
0.7133789062,
0.2854003906,
0.2495117188,
0.4616699219,
-0.6157226562,
-0.5522460938,
0.7465820312,
-0.640625,
-0.2827148438,
0.7231445312,
0.3637695312,
-0.6591796875,
-0.8544921875,
-0.7958984375,
-0.3845214844,
0.8916015625,
-0.8403320312,
0.2073974609,
-0.5434570312,
0.6352539062,
0.806640625,
0.1167602539,
-0.5595703125,
-0.5693359375,
-1.2509765625,
-0.6059570312,
0.5249023438,
-0.419921875,
-0.0597839355,
-0.7592773438,
1.962890625,
0.9633789062,
-0.3718261719,
0.5551757812,
-0.3854980469,
-0.1899414062,
-0.0802001953,
0.3100585938,
-0.4228515625,
-0.8203125
] |
Concerning the curved paths of the "colored bands", Young had noted the hyperbolic paths of the fringes in the two-source interference pattern, corresponding roughly to Fresnel's internal fringes, and had described the hyperbolic fringes that appear on the screen within rectangular shadows. He had not mentioned the curved paths of the external fringes of a shadow; but, as he later explained, that was because Newton had already done so. Newton evidently thought the fringes were caustics. Thus Arago erred in his belief that the curved paths of the fringes were fundamentally incompatible with the corpuscular theory. Arago's letter went on to request more data on the external fringes. Fresnel complied, until he exhausted his leave and was assigned to Rennes in the département of Ille-et-Vilaine. At this point Arago interceded with Gaspard de Prony, head of the École des Ponts, who wrote to Louis-Mathieu Molé, head of the Corps des Ponts, suggesting that the progress of science and the prestige of the Corps would be enhanced if Fresnel could come to Paris for a time. He arrived in March 1816, and his leave was subsequently extended through the middle of the year. Meanwhile, in an experiment reported on 26 February 1816, Arago verified Fresnel's prediction that the internal fringes were shifted if the rays on one side of the obstacle passed through a thin glass lamina. Fresnel correctly attributed this phenomenon to the lower wave velocity in the glass. Arago later used a similar argument to explain the colors in the scintillation of stars. | [
-0.4321289062,
-0.814453125,
0.3049316406,
-0.8193359375,
0.0152893066,
0.0165252686,
0.765625,
0.7104492188,
0.7504882812,
0.3664550781,
-0.3017578125,
-0.0664672852,
-0.255859375,
0.1678466797,
-0.1372070312,
0.1104125977,
0.3110351562,
-0.1075439453,
-0.6337890625,
0.3037109375,
-0.5141601562,
-0.1262207031,
0.1126708984,
-0.7041015625,
-0.3081054688,
0.0822753906,
0.3200683594,
-0.3608398438,
0.0589904785,
-0.4428710938,
-0.0097427368,
-0.1997070312,
-0.2277832031,
0.3806152344,
-0.435546875,
0.8374023438,
0.1462402344,
0.1239624023,
0.3029785156,
0.5493164062,
-0.1369628906,
0.1082763672,
-0.1322021484,
-0.4763183594,
-0.5795898438,
0.5600585938,
-0.2152099609,
0.4792480469,
-0.552734375,
-0.5913085938,
-0.6372070312,
0.2504882812,
-0.2785644531,
0.2346191406,
0.1390380859,
-0.755859375,
-0.3513183594,
-0.3364257812,
0.830078125,
-0.0012550354,
-0.3229980469,
1.0869140625,
-0.0545349121,
-0.2795410156,
1.4580078125,
-0.5922851562,
-0.2144775391,
-1.7861328125,
0.0959472656,
0.6176757812,
-0.2028808594,
0.0704345703,
-0.541015625,
-0.9599609375,
0.0849609375,
-0.3542480469,
-1.0947265625,
0.8208007812,
0.1126708984,
0.7504882812,
-1.333984375,
-0.865234375,
-0.677734375,
-1.0634765625,
-0.8325195312,
-0.794921875,
0.3227539062,
-0.6489257812,
-0.5522460938,
1.755859375,
0.0171203613,
-0.6000976562,
-0.9951171875,
0.3488769531,
-0.3530273438,
-0.7954101562,
-0.1781005859,
-1.431640625,
-1.599609375,
0.1019897461,
0.5258789062,
-0.6518554688,
0.5859375,
-0.0486755371,
0.0059242249,
1.3662109375,
-0.3120117188,
-1.04296875,
0.5620117188,
0.505859375,
0.4819335938,
-0.3918457031,
0.2546386719,
-0.044921875,
-0.7817382812,
0.011428833,
-0.6235351562,
-0.58984375,
-0.775390625,
-0.4162597656,
0.521484375,
0.4909667969,
0.7631835938,
-0.3273925781,
0.294921875,
0.3874511719,
0.3757324219,
-0.1140136719,
-0.0153274536,
0.2912597656,
-0.3793945312,
0.1921386719,
-1.029296875,
-0.6206054688,
0.2509765625,
-0.4614257812,
-0.2517089844,
-0.5454101562,
0.6284179688,
-0.7358398438,
0.0488586426,
0.814453125,
0.2271728516,
0.1842041016,
-0.0549621582,
-0.1733398438,
-0.2071533203,
0.0245819092,
-0.708984375,
0.1395263672,
-0.6108398438,
-0.0293884277,
-0.0508728027,
0.3215332031,
-0.3212890625,
0.3937988281,
-0.9711914062,
-0.2124023438,
-0.7958984375,
-0.4204101562,
-0.1898193359,
-0.1173095703,
-0.2442626953,
-0.9111328125,
0.0933227539,
0.310546875,
0.0354309082,
-0.2056884766,
0.0272674561,
0.6567382812,
-1.041015625,
0.3715820312,
-0.310546875,
0.2359619141,
-0.0692749023,
-0.9858398438,
0.3840332031,
-0.8203125,
-0.2332763672,
0.8193359375,
0.7470703125,
-0.4621582031,
0.296875,
-0.662109375,
-0.1012573242,
0.6396484375,
0.6967773438,
0.4650878906,
-0.3273925781,
-0.6157226562,
-0.4504394531,
0.693359375,
0.0961914062,
-0.2335205078,
-0.4914550781,
0.8735351562,
-0.5859375,
-0.0083084106,
0.1962890625,
0.1613769531,
0.2430419922,
1.029296875,
0.5473632812,
0.390625,
0.3051757812,
-0.0678100586,
0.4147949219,
-0.0068016052,
0.4619140625,
1.5546875,
0.1538085938,
-0.4523925781,
0.3371582031,
0.6396484375,
1.2158203125,
0.1343994141,
0.0975952148,
0.1633300781,
0.7407226562,
-1.01953125,
0.9877929688,
1.0390625,
-1.7138671875,
0.2868652344,
-1.1083984375,
0.1300048828,
-0.6982421875,
1.974609375,
0.900390625,
-0.0266418457,
0.0880737305,
0.0694580078,
-0.953125,
0.3466796875,
-0.0967407227,
0.4992675781,
0.1412353516,
-0.8681640625,
0.4736328125,
-0.1784667969,
-0.2210693359,
-1.197265625,
0.2917480469,
-0.6806640625,
0.19921875,
-1.6015625,
0.6801757812,
-0.002866745,
-0.0689086914,
0.7729492188,
-0.1273193359,
-0.2012939453,
0.3310546875,
0.0786743164,
-1.1728515625,
0.3854980469,
-0.7622070312,
0.1248779297,
-0.0794677734,
0.5029296875,
0.4250488281,
0.020401001,
0.8525390625,
-0.5815429688,
-0.0977172852,
0.1778564453,
-0.2445068359,
-0.3215332031,
-0.056427002,
-0.0440368652,
0.5244140625,
-0.5668945312,
-1.33984375,
-0.2756347656,
0.40625,
0.0631103516,
-0.2498779297,
-0.6689453125,
0.0557556152,
-0.4753417969,
0.0429992676,
-0.8452148438,
-0.6791992188,
-0.5629882812,
0.7543945312,
1.29296875,
0.3090820312,
-0.6694335938,
0.2321777344,
0.7783203125,
-0.78515625,
-0.5024414062,
-0.736328125,
0.416015625,
-0.6000976562,
-0.3532714844,
0.1419677734,
-0.0935058594,
0.4450683594,
-0.2159423828,
-0.5771484375,
1.0849609375,
0.587890625,
0.0924682617,
0.4274902344,
0.3557128906,
-0.1533203125,
0.279296875,
-0.4553222656,
-0.2333984375,
-0.0646362305,
1.2763671875,
-0.2366943359,
-0.0692749023,
0.3020019531,
0.2336425781,
0.7060546875,
-0.392578125,
0.1331787109,
-0.4711914062,
-0.1155395508,
0.2727050781,
-0.4250488281,
-0.5131835938,
0.3801269531,
0.29296875,
-0.1258544922,
-1.875,
-0.087890625,
0.1171875,
0.380859375,
0.4836425781,
-0.2396240234,
0.8793945312,
0.1173706055,
0.2225341797,
0.9306640625,
0.904296875,
0.681640625,
-0.1651611328,
-0.5610351562,
0.548828125,
-0.6904296875,
0.3774414062,
0.0833740234,
-0.0788574219,
-1.1943359375,
0.0747680664,
0.947265625,
-0.2330322266,
0.1094970703,
0.056640625,
0.1755371094,
-1.115234375,
-1.171875,
-0.0444030762,
-0.7314453125,
-0.2731933594,
0.0831298828,
0.4418945312,
0.2878417969,
-1.361328125,
0.2103271484,
-0.701171875,
-1.197265625,
-0.2443847656,
-0.0364379883,
0.2978515625,
0.7568359375,
-0.1552734375,
0.1369628906,
0.2963867188,
-0.4375,
0.2790527344,
0.4521484375,
0.3212890625,
-1.201171875,
-0.0283813477,
-0.6171875,
-0.1227416992,
-0.6669921875,
-0.3723144531,
-1.2939453125,
-0.6782226562,
0.3249511719,
0.6528320312,
-0.2578125,
0.1156616211,
-0.6020507812,
-0.2381591797,
0.3542480469,
0.2426757812,
0.0797119141,
-0.0527648926,
0.1420898438,
-0.4677734375,
1.3603515625,
-0.9189453125,
-0.4912109375,
-0.2822265625,
-0.5219726562,
-0.9213867188,
-0.2653808594,
1.609375,
-0.0371398926,
0.0343017578,
1.927734375,
0.1276855469,
0.0969848633,
-0.2724609375,
-0.2775878906,
0.3840332031,
-0.134765625,
0.3740234375,
-0.9536132812,
0.0585021973,
1.005859375,
-0.2065429688,
-0.2687988281,
0.80859375,
-1.1181640625,
-0.4055175781,
0.3022460938,
0.806640625,
1.3125,
0.7104492188,
-0.4826660156,
0.2978515625,
-0.0240936279,
-1,
-0.8872070312,
-0.2756347656,
-0.1111450195,
1.47265625,
0.4855957031,
0.2805175781,
-0.0682373047,
-0.5947265625,
-0.1999511719,
0.0219116211,
0.1568603516,
0.8374023438,
-0.6508789062,
0.3188476562,
-0.2082519531,
0.6127929688,
-1.158203125,
-0.0154647827,
-0.0335998535,
-1.060546875,
-0.0668945312,
1.0849609375,
-0.1352539062,
0.1463623047,
0.4680175781,
-0.7495117188,
0.1192626953,
-0.1137084961,
0.0440979004,
-0.1903076172,
-0.0291137695,
0.3237304688,
-0.259765625,
-1.146484375,
0.0830688477,
-1.4306640625,
-0.4047851562,
0.7915039062,
-0.1268310547,
0.0718383789,
-0.552734375,
-0.060333252,
-0.599609375,
-0.1372070312,
-0.3449707031,
0.5883789062,
0.2502441406,
-0.2233886719,
0.4074707031,
-0.0044593811,
1.5732421875,
0.6533203125,
0.4348144531,
0.0367126465,
0.8149414062,
-0.4895019531,
-0.2056884766,
0.1844482422,
0.2270507812,
-0.0037708282,
0.4924316406,
0.5654296875,
-0.2066650391,
0.6748046875,
0.513671875,
-0.0404663086,
-0.7041015625,
0.0690917969,
-0.6005859375,
-0.1926269531,
-0.6137695312,
0.3325195312,
-0.3422851562,
-0.52734375,
-1.001953125,
1.0390625,
-0.0853271484,
0.76171875,
1.384765625,
0.66796875,
0.098449707,
-0.0569458008,
0.3676757812,
-0.44140625,
-0.2902832031,
-0.3757324219,
0.787109375,
0.6064453125,
-0.3969726562,
0.0612487793,
0.033203125,
0.5014648438,
0.1098022461,
-0.1380615234,
-0.2687988281,
0.2912597656,
-0.2875976562,
-0.4240722656,
-0.3210449219,
-0.4812011719,
0.3706054688,
-0.3857421875,
0.0617980957,
-0.3928222656,
-0.8798828125,
-0.0360107422,
1.2060546875,
1.0576171875,
-0.1226196289,
0.6381835938,
0.3908691406,
1.1591796875,
0.0216217041,
-0.0679321289,
0.0451049805,
1.015625,
-0.3754882812,
-0.2651367188,
-1.052734375,
1.48046875,
-0.39453125,
0.447265625,
1.150390625,
0.3056640625,
-0.4926757812,
-0.2639160156,
0.1784667969,
-1.255859375,
0.6298828125,
-0.3286132812,
-0.7275390625,
-0.4338378906,
-0.0831298828,
0.0848999023,
-0.2700195312,
-0.2661132812,
-0.7236328125,
0.3576660156,
-0.0682373047,
0.1719970703,
-0.0767211914,
-0.4797363281,
0.3342285156,
0.0817260742,
-1.0888671875,
-0.3696289062,
0.455078125,
-0.7080078125,
-0.1400146484,
0.0148239136,
0.0343017578,
-0.3674316406,
0.2663574219,
0.1489257812,
-0.306640625,
0.6684570312,
0.4047851562,
-1.6533203125,
-0.8793945312,
-0.5112304688,
-0.3239746094,
-0.4013671875,
-0.0248413086,
-0.0960083008,
0.923828125,
-0.2055664062,
-1.0869140625,
0.5375976562,
1.1162109375,
0.0811767578,
0.4013671875,
0.5615234375,
-0.7963867188,
-0.1658935547,
1.119140625,
-0.5517578125,
-0.0238494873,
0.1508789062,
0.5346679688,
0.2958984375,
0.1608886719,
-0.9326171875,
0.4125976562,
-0.880859375,
0.5244140625,
1.189453125,
-0.708984375,
-0.2307128906,
0.6586914062,
-1.998046875,
-0.2221679688,
1.1240234375,
0.4770507812,
0.533203125,
0.7724609375,
0.4138183594,
-0.4208984375,
-0.2257080078,
0.2333984375,
-0.1989746094,
0.0099411011,
-0.5361328125,
0.2030029297,
-0.6650390625,
0.91015625,
-0.1550292969,
-1.095703125,
1.109375,
0.4814453125,
0.51953125,
0.1145629883,
-0.3188476562,
-0.4555664062,
0.7133789062,
1.083984375,
-0.0843505859,
0.5180664062,
0.5551757812,
-0.5234375,
0.6411132812,
0.6435546875,
0.4306640625,
0.5561523438,
-0.392578125,
-0.4792480469,
0.2010498047,
-0.5395507812,
-0.8813476562,
0.9907226562,
-0.5014648438,
1.0234375,
0.2098388672,
0.314453125,
-0.923828125,
-0.37890625,
1.41796875,
0.5185546875,
-0.7998046875,
-1.1640625,
-0.4177246094,
0.8046875,
-0.5834960938,
-0.97265625,
0.7841796875,
-0.0091018677,
-0.3825683594,
-0.865234375,
-0.7426757812,
-0.8505859375,
1,
-0.625,
-0.5014648438,
-0.1038818359,
1.0283203125,
-0.4428710938,
-0.1644287109,
-1.060546875,
0.6870117188,
-0.625,
0.1988525391,
-0.3518066406,
-0.0226745605,
-1.3935546875,
-0.2548828125,
-0.6684570312,
-0.3286132812,
-0.32421875,
0.3908691406,
-0.64453125,
0.8061523438,
0.3955078125,
0.0794677734,
-1.3330078125,
0.5590820312,
-0.849609375,
-0.2322998047,
-0.1323242188,
0.4145507812,
0.5395507812,
-1.3056640625,
-0.7827148438,
-0.0484008789,
0.5180664062,
-0.1257324219,
0.1743164062,
-0.5610351562,
-0.3654785156,
0.4802246094,
1.1533203125,
0.6669921875,
-1.25390625,
0.9252929688,
-0.748046875,
-0.0211791992,
0.2435302734,
1.169921875,
0.0093917847,
-0.1148681641,
-0.5927734375,
0.4650878906,
-0.0798950195,
-0.1368408203,
0.0454101562,
-0.6005859375,
-0.3771972656,
-0.5068359375,
1.1298828125,
-0.1964111328,
0.2122802734,
1.2666015625,
-0.3305664062,
-0.8974609375,
-0.5170898438,
0.486328125,
-0.599609375,
0.0720214844,
1.1669921875,
0.4069824219,
-0.5205078125,
-0.2685546875,
-0.8818359375,
0.2027587891,
0.615234375,
-0.3352050781,
-0.2150878906,
0.9116210938,
-0.576171875,
-0.0574645996,
0.6010742188,
-0.5185546875,
-0.0764770508,
-0.4658203125,
-0.4814453125,
-0.4826660156,
0.4733886719,
0.3425292969,
0.1479492188,
0.560546875,
-0.5366210938,
0.7846679688,
0.3876953125,
-0.2680664062,
0.3327636719,
0.2888183594,
-0.1408691406,
-0.1716308594,
0.2037353516,
-0.423828125,
1.0712890625,
1.3515625,
-1.716796875,
-0.1873779297,
-0.0903930664,
-0.9018554688,
-0.7797851562,
-0.4289550781,
-0.5483398438,
1.4169921875,
-0.8784179688,
-0.2401123047,
0.3718261719,
0.4851074219,
-0.0170288086,
0.0745239258,
-0.1964111328,
0.4943847656,
-0.8544921875,
-0.6997070312,
0.2015380859,
0.0698852539,
-0.1107177734,
0.1074829102,
-0.1474609375,
-0.2924804688,
-1.3349609375,
-0.2944335938,
0.3234863281,
0.1466064453,
0.9770507812,
0.1721191406,
0.791015625,
-0.0995483398,
0.4116210938,
0.1525878906,
0.1380615234,
-0.9389648438,
0.7412109375,
0.4345703125,
0.607421875,
0.0748291016,
-0.1978759766,
0.2458496094,
0.8125,
0.1607666016,
0.62109375,
0.5107421875,
-1.0283203125,
-0.2147216797,
-1.0107421875,
-1.013671875,
-0.2680664062,
0.7587890625,
-0.0834350586,
-0.4816894531,
0.4855957031,
1.5751953125,
0.3481445312,
0.1384277344,
0.8720703125,
-0.2250976562,
-0.1929931641,
-0.6796875,
1.1064453125,
0.1159057617,
-0.5151367188,
0.3139648438,
0.7783203125,
0.0479431152,
0.1096801758,
-0.716796875,
-0.7983398438,
-0.1956787109,
0.1682128906,
-0.1312255859,
-0.3681640625,
-0.4548339844,
-0.2132568359,
-0.4479980469,
0.0936279297,
-0.1788330078,
0.90234375,
0.7661132812,
-0.181640625,
-0.5219726562,
-0.2196044922,
-0.2243652344,
-0.8740234375,
-0.3696289062,
0.2486572266,
0.0016708374,
0.892578125,
-0.5439453125,
0.0412902832,
0.2094726562,
-0.1612548828,
-0.4855957031,
-0.6381835938,
-0.6489257812,
-0.9072265625,
0.1011352539,
0.3767089844,
0.104675293,
0.3527832031,
-0.1527099609,
0.9331054688,
0.2216796875,
-0.2653808594,
0.2004394531,
-0.3503417969,
-0.2451171875,
-0.4624023438,
0.5556640625,
0.4604492188,
0.4523925781,
-0.1212158203,
0.0442810059,
0.4287109375,
0.546875,
0.3518066406,
-0.2056884766,
0.0228424072,
0.1677246094,
0.5649414062,
0.0429077148,
0.6791992188,
0.0009446144,
0.7280273438,
-0.3342285156,
0.3508300781,
-0.6162109375,
-0.6694335938,
-0.2592773438,
0.0743408203,
-0.2980957031,
0.27734375,
-0.3088378906,
0.0386657715,
-0.7578125,
0.0012655258,
-0.4326171875,
0.5595703125,
0.4150390625,
0.30859375,
-0.0220031738,
-0.2154541016,
0.1545410156,
-0.0592651367,
-0.4438476562,
-0.1374511719,
-0.91796875,
0.1236572266,
1.0732421875,
0.0948486328,
-0.5,
-0.1790771484,
0.7211914062,
1.2158203125,
-0.2602539062,
0.5932617188,
-0.1842041016,
0.4633789062,
-0.2612304688,
-13.796875,
-1.8193359375,
0.7138671875,
-0.5009765625,
-1.3193359375,
0.9194335938,
-0.3344726562,
0.0517578125,
-0.2056884766,
0.9228515625,
0.0872192383,
1.4990234375,
-0.1265869141,
-0.5244140625,
-0.1138305664,
-0.3142089844,
0.83984375,
-0.53125,
-1.3466796875,
-0.1358642578,
0.6416015625,
0.865234375,
-0.5258789062,
0.8642578125,
-0.3020019531,
-0.427734375,
0.1147460938,
-0.9936523438,
0.2032470703,
0.7646484375,
-0.108581543,
-0.0364685059,
-0.0203704834,
-0.1357421875,
-0.9389648438,
-0.3698730469,
-0.1298828125,
-0.0737304688,
-0.5078125,
-0.7250976562,
-1.3056640625,
0.3762207031,
-0.15234375,
0.8310546875,
-0.0991210938,
0.2561035156,
-0.3625488281,
-0.1707763672,
0.8159179688,
-1.0283203125,
-0.5986328125,
1.0283203125,
0.2998046875,
0.0024623871,
-1.2041015625,
-0.7919921875,
-0.1802978516,
0.4389648438,
-0.689453125,
0.3022460938,
-1.228515625,
0.7153320312,
1.1650390625,
0.0482788086,
-0.599609375,
-0.724609375,
-1.52734375,
-0.2180175781,
-0.0082550049,
-0.6079101562,
0.4912109375,
-0.5776367188,
2.04296875,
1.37890625,
-0.5869140625,
0.0553894043,
0.2126464844,
-0.0096206665,
0.1906738281,
0.4853515625,
0.0160827637,
-0.5405273438
] |
Fresnel's updated memoir was eventually published in the March 1816 issue of Annales de Chimie et de Physique, of which Arago had recently become co-editor. That issue did not actually appear until May. In March, Fresnel already had competition: Biot read a memoir on diffraction by himself and his student Claude Pouillet, containing copious data and arguing that the regularity of diffraction fringes, like the regularity of Newton's rings, must be linked to Newton's "fits". But the new link was not rigorous, and Pouillet himself would become a distinguished early adopter of the wave theory. "Efficacious ray", double-mirror experiment (1816)
On 24 May 1816, Fresnel wrote to Young (in French), acknowledging how little of his own memoir was new. But in a "supplement" signed on 14 July and read the next day, Fresnel noted that the internal fringes were more accurately predicted by supposing that the two interfering rays came from some distance outside the edges of the obstacle. To explain this, he divided the incident wavefront at the obstacle into what we now call Fresnel zones, such that the secondary waves from each zone were spread over half a cycle when they arrived at the observation point. The zones on one side of the obstacle largely canceled out in pairs, except the first zone, which was represented by an "efficacious ray". This approach worked for the internal fringes, but the superposition of the efficacious ray and the direct ray did not work for the external fringes. | [
-0.7255859375,
-0.3784179688,
0.3195800781,
-1.06640625,
-0.0741577148,
-0.4157714844,
0.466796875,
0.4604492188,
0.0840454102,
0.5795898438,
-0.2084960938,
-0.003320694,
-0.0276031494,
-0.6015625,
0.4418945312,
0.1979980469,
0.1623535156,
-0.4313964844,
-0.4731445312,
-0.0923461914,
-0.6782226562,
-0.115234375,
-0.48046875,
-0.010307312,
-1.396484375,
0.1265869141,
0.3041992188,
0.2905273438,
-0.52734375,
-0.46875,
0.591796875,
-0.056060791,
-0.7182617188,
-0.345703125,
-0.6494140625,
0.9184570312,
-0.6430664062,
-0.4685058594,
-0.2878417969,
0.0720825195,
-0.1820068359,
-0.3410644531,
0.671875,
-0.1784667969,
-0.3813476562,
0.0469970703,
-0.0869750977,
0.0205383301,
0.3737792969,
-0.912109375,
-0.3208007812,
-0.6694335938,
0.0046882629,
-0.4204101562,
-0.0481262207,
-0.818359375,
-0.1345214844,
0.1314697266,
-0.19921875,
0.3308105469,
-0.3454589844,
0.9931640625,
0.0746459961,
-0.0350952148,
1.908203125,
-0.1739501953,
-0.2177734375,
-2.228515625,
0.3679199219,
0.36328125,
-0.2514648438,
0.4106445312,
-0.306640625,
-0.6967773438,
-1.02734375,
0.3718261719,
-0.6708984375,
0.2834472656,
0.4968261719,
0.4196777344,
-0.572265625,
-0.46484375,
-0.4643554688,
-0.2270507812,
-0.8481445312,
-1.029296875,
0.8266601562,
-0.4680175781,
-1.4423828125,
2.388671875,
-0.3837890625,
-0.4624023438,
-0.2961425781,
0.0997924805,
0.0282745361,
0.0275421143,
-0.5766601562,
-2.2265625,
-1.1923828125,
-0.4050292969,
0.3000488281,
-0.6606445312,
0.478515625,
0.3759765625,
0.0436706543,
1.2255859375,
0.0025539398,
-0.2939453125,
-0.0084609985,
-0.1307373047,
-0.3874511719,
-0.1975097656,
1.072265625,
0.3010253906,
-0.4514160156,
0.0617980957,
-0.9643554688,
0.0632324219,
-0.8383789062,
0.2470703125,
0.7001953125,
-0.1815185547,
-0.0635375977,
-0.3801269531,
0.5131835938,
0.4382324219,
0.0543823242,
-0.1025390625,
0.4509277344,
0.2736816406,
-0.5424804688,
-0.1171875,
0.0054473877,
-0.2337646484,
0.1100463867,
-1.134765625,
-1.244140625,
-0.3540039062,
0.2041015625,
-0.513671875,
0.2432861328,
0.9194335938,
-0.6958007812,
-0.1728515625,
-0.3181152344,
0.0111846924,
-0.0881958008,
0.7392578125,
-0.1268310547,
0.8876953125,
-1.193359375,
-0.5200195312,
0.4978027344,
0.2673339844,
-0.1062011719,
0.0954589844,
-0.1922607422,
-0.0626220703,
-0.7216796875,
0.0060043335,
-0.2631835938,
0.5786132812,
-1.7021484375,
-0.5458984375,
0.1754150391,
-0.1052856445,
-0.0985717773,
-0.8505859375,
0.0924682617,
0.8266601562,
-0.2020263672,
0.533203125,
-0.2436523438,
0.5581054688,
-0.1088867188,
-1.7978515625,
0.8911132812,
0.0921630859,
-0.1729736328,
0.9946289062,
0.2299804688,
-1.0947265625,
-0.5249023438,
-0.6245117188,
-0.5561523438,
-0.3972167969,
0.7451171875,
-0.3139648438,
-0.2612304688,
-0.4108886719,
0.2524414062,
1.2822265625,
0.2268066406,
-0.642578125,
-1.3095703125,
0.0159912109,
-0.9775390625,
0.4157714844,
0.1942138672,
0.2531738281,
-0.2780761719,
1.1015625,
1.427734375,
0.7827148438,
0.2141113281,
0.7622070312,
0.8603515625,
0.5083007812,
1.0322265625,
1.283203125,
0.130859375,
0.7490234375,
0.1623535156,
0.2258300781,
0.1618652344,
-0.1275634766,
-0.0934448242,
1.0126953125,
0.2456054688,
-0.9638671875,
0.3994140625,
0.3688964844,
-1.16796875,
0.8657226562,
-1.2685546875,
-0.3940429688,
-1.060546875,
1.3095703125,
0.701171875,
-0.5283203125,
0.1729736328,
0.1563720703,
-0.8046875,
0.6416015625,
0.2436523438,
0.0334777832,
0.1302490234,
-1.052734375,
0.1960449219,
-0.5244140625,
-0.6064453125,
-1.4755859375,
-0.3510742188,
0.036529541,
-0.4455566406,
-1.1005859375,
0.5849609375,
-0.1569824219,
0.2824707031,
0.1046142578,
0.5131835938,
-0.2526855469,
0.2221679688,
0.0939331055,
-0.5385742188,
0.548828125,
-0.5576171875,
-0.2239990234,
-0.5654296875,
0.3693847656,
0.1510009766,
0.3933105469,
1.3564453125,
-0.865234375,
0.1772460938,
-0.9619140625,
0.7431640625,
0.0043907166,
0.0132064819,
0.55078125,
0.7612304688,
-0.3391113281,
-1.5634765625,
0.1584472656,
-0.0700683594,
0.4990234375,
-0.2442626953,
-0.5615234375,
-0.2861328125,
-0.6049804688,
0.3041992188,
-1.2822265625,
-0.2286376953,
-0.4162597656,
0.4145507812,
0.8486328125,
0.2381591797,
-0.7836914062,
-0.0992431641,
1.126953125,
-0.59375,
0.0724487305,
-0.8232421875,
0.54296875,
0.6342773438,
-0.0450744629,
-0.0512084961,
0.5283203125,
-1.2548828125,
-0.1461181641,
0.6000976562,
1.0478515625,
-0.0715332031,
0.0739135742,
0.3225097656,
0.8198242188,
0.0498962402,
0.0593566895,
-1.0888671875,
0.1276855469,
0.7221679688,
-0.4072265625,
0.1997070312,
-0.9443359375,
-0.8662109375,
0.7075195312,
-0.2272949219,
-0.1052246094,
0.4897460938,
-0.7426757812,
0.0891113281,
0.30859375,
-0.7880859375,
-0.6103515625,
0.3642578125,
0.6015625,
-0.0852661133,
-1.220703125,
0.2629394531,
-0.6401367188,
0.5092773438,
0.0913696289,
0.4440917969,
0.3029785156,
-0.0172576904,
-0.5747070312,
0.0364685059,
0.1433105469,
0.3286132812,
-0.6215820312,
-1.017578125,
-0.3625488281,
-0.5205078125,
-0.1051635742,
-0.0086135864,
-0.0323181152,
-1.0234375,
0.0134963989,
0.9365234375,
-0.3698730469,
-0.8271484375,
0.067199707,
-0.0237121582,
-1.236328125,
-0.6362304688,
1.1484375,
-0.5971679688,
-0.8286132812,
-0.1401367188,
-0.3874511719,
-0.0607299805,
-0.6943359375,
-0.3427734375,
-0.1220703125,
-0.4072265625,
0.0621948242,
-0.1818847656,
0.400390625,
1.16796875,
-0.1248168945,
0.0794677734,
0.0686035156,
-0.3364257812,
0.7548828125,
-0.2126464844,
-0.0033302307,
-0.9272460938,
-0.5556640625,
-0.3830566406,
-0.0621032715,
-0.3249511719,
-0.9692382812,
-0.6865234375,
-1.017578125,
0.8208007812,
0.2456054688,
-0.0469055176,
0.3862304688,
-1.021484375,
0.6879882812,
0.7958984375,
0.9794921875,
-0.0794677734,
-0.673828125,
-0.1170654297,
0.4763183594,
0.7866210938,
-1.2890625,
-0.4077148438,
0.1994628906,
-0.5776367188,
-1.390625,
0.7231445312,
1.62890625,
0.2746582031,
-0.7587890625,
2.26953125,
-0.0350952148,
0.3356933594,
0.478515625,
-0.2052001953,
0.3947753906,
-0.5615234375,
0.2546386719,
-1.572265625,
-0.4055175781,
0.2399902344,
-0.4470214844,
-0.0702514648,
0.1169433594,
-0.361328125,
0.0110397339,
0.1766357422,
0.1643066406,
1.0927734375,
0.1683349609,
-0.2502441406,
0.7119140625,
0.6606445312,
-0.4672851562,
-0.6435546875,
0.0885009766,
0.2476806641,
0.5307617188,
0.0539855957,
-0.1137695312,
0.4047851562,
-0.3056640625,
0.3972167969,
-0.4816894531,
-0.2221679688,
1.20703125,
-0.5063476562,
0.9111328125,
0.4736328125,
0.7114257812,
0.8081054688,
-0.4562988281,
0.2432861328,
-0.5024414062,
-0.4404296875,
0.9086914062,
-0.4362792969,
-0.1131591797,
1.1123046875,
-0.7275390625,
0.1102294922,
-0.0727539062,
-0.4982910156,
-0.1823730469,
0.0385742188,
-0.2622070312,
-0.7055664062,
-0.0223693848,
0.6669921875,
-1.91796875,
-0.1889648438,
-0.2003173828,
0.0985107422,
0.4152832031,
0.3359375,
-0.0731201172,
-2,
-0.2602539062,
0.6206054688,
-0.1567382812,
0.0490722656,
-0.3334960938,
-0.529296875,
-0.0614624023,
1.15234375,
0.1145019531,
-0.1274414062,
0.1596679688,
0.6635742188,
-1.2236328125,
-0.2271728516,
-0.0390014648,
0.1611328125,
-1.0390625,
0.6059570312,
0.4738769531,
-0.1540527344,
0.6240234375,
-0.1099853516,
-0.5283203125,
-0.5971679688,
-0.3625488281,
-1.83984375,
-0.2176513672,
-0.1859130859,
-0.0273895264,
-0.2568359375,
-0.7060546875,
-0.0616760254,
0.845703125,
0.051361084,
-0.33984375,
1.244140625,
0.8359375,
-0.1022338867,
-0.3100585938,
0.5405273438,
0.1244506836,
-0.3684082031,
-0.9887695312,
0.3518066406,
0.1916503906,
0.1781005859,
-0.2507324219,
0.5258789062,
0.3173828125,
0.7729492188,
-0.1301269531,
-0.9213867188,
0.7709960938,
-0.0390014648,
-0.2797851562,
-0.0520629883,
0.4389648438,
1.357421875,
0.314453125,
0.3601074219,
-0.6372070312,
-0.6162109375,
0.1979980469,
0.8544921875,
1.17578125,
0.8305664062,
0.4167480469,
0.4118652344,
0.51171875,
0.1840820312,
0.3540039062,
0.59765625,
1.33984375,
-0.1428222656,
0.74609375,
0.0546875,
1.3603515625,
-0.2895507812,
0.1499023438,
0.7724609375,
0.6000976562,
-0.1284179688,
-0.6303710938,
-0.28125,
-0.3850097656,
0.3530273438,
-0.0657958984,
-0.8657226562,
-0.1329345703,
0.0037746429,
0.0914306641,
-0.4514160156,
0.0756225586,
0.4477539062,
-0.3598632812,
-0.7734375,
-0.2298583984,
0.1976318359,
-0.775390625,
0.3278808594,
-0.1481933594,
-0.533203125,
-0.4426269531,
0.2854003906,
-0.7846679688,
-0.2619628906,
-0.3056640625,
-0.0624084473,
0.5864257812,
-0.1000976562,
0.625,
0.7856445312,
-0.1505126953,
0.1434326172,
-0.7939453125,
-0.2836914062,
-0.703125,
0.2905273438,
-0.7749023438,
0.2878417969,
-0.1401367188,
0.9946289062,
-0.4240722656,
-1.3896484375,
-0.0992431641,
0.9541015625,
-0.0511779785,
0.4182128906,
0.2692871094,
0.0820922852,
0.8896484375,
1.380859375,
-0.2015380859,
0.2526855469,
0.2435302734,
1.107421875,
0.541015625,
-0.6279296875,
-0.759765625,
0.8837890625,
-0.9580078125,
0.3532714844,
-0.0333862305,
-0.8447265625,
-0.2042236328,
-0.6079101562,
-1.0205078125,
-0.7275390625,
0.2658691406,
0.6357421875,
-0.1926269531,
1.59765625,
-0.265625,
-0.2265625,
0.2619628906,
-0.3479003906,
0.5390625,
0.2316894531,
-0.3701171875,
0.5375976562,
-0.0228118896,
0.3525390625,
0.3017578125,
-0.4196777344,
0.98046875,
0.0784301758,
0.4904785156,
0.4809570312,
-0.7592773438,
-0.837890625,
-0.1809082031,
1.380859375,
0.1643066406,
0.458984375,
0.4982910156,
-0.6083984375,
1.015625,
0.7216796875,
1.0498046875,
0.59765625,
0.2958984375,
-0.2371826172,
-0.4340820312,
-0.4169921875,
-0.7470703125,
0.8310546875,
0.0509338379,
0.6372070312,
0.3588867188,
0.1889648438,
-0.1112060547,
0.2971191406,
1.005859375,
0.5234375,
-0.3039550781,
-0.978515625,
-0.7763671875,
0.6005859375,
-0.0178527832,
-0.9360351562,
1.12890625,
0.0306396484,
0.3200683594,
-0.9560546875,
-0.5219726562,
-0.7114257812,
1.01171875,
-0.2296142578,
-0.0354003906,
-0.9506835938,
0.5244140625,
0.4282226562,
0.0514526367,
-0.4438476562,
1.17578125,
-0.2912597656,
0.4699707031,
-0.1036987305,
-0.00007236,
-1.7080078125,
-0.0682983398,
-0.666015625,
-0.2788085938,
-0.1854248047,
0.1146240234,
0.4777832031,
0.66015625,
0.1761474609,
0.0495300293,
-0.0564880371,
0.0003988743,
-1.705078125,
-0.0697631836,
0.5102539062,
0.4345703125,
0.0899658203,
-0.6787109375,
-0.7290039062,
-0.1610107422,
0.3618164062,
-0.7431640625,
0.018737793,
-0.9770507812,
-0.3264160156,
1.1220703125,
1.4345703125,
0.4477539062,
-0.3774414062,
1.18359375,
-0.0227966309,
-0.1243896484,
-0.7368164062,
1.3544921875,
-0.0364685059,
0.2275390625,
-0.1885986328,
-0.1749267578,
0.0032100677,
0.0437927246,
0.5478515625,
0.0570068359,
-0.5625,
0.0588989258,
1.052734375,
-0.7514648438,
0.3208007812,
0.783203125,
-0.2880859375,
-0.4660644531,
-0.4204101562,
-1.1162109375,
-0.8081054688,
-0.2003173828,
0.8940429688,
0.4326171875,
-0.5541992188,
-0.474609375,
-0.3747558594,
-0.4562988281,
0.84765625,
0.2073974609,
-0.063659668,
0.4230957031,
-1.2109375,
-0.2492675781,
0.8051757812,
0.1756591797,
-0.5869140625,
0.0934448242,
-0.5268554688,
-0.1624755859,
-0.0777587891,
0.102722168,
0.045135498,
0.8061523438,
-0.3896484375,
1.259765625,
-0.1962890625,
0.5190429688,
0.5659179688,
-0.833984375,
0.6708984375,
-0.3454589844,
0.0516357422,
-1.3955078125,
0.9018554688,
-0.3103027344,
-0.70703125,
-0.1865234375,
0.6020507812,
-0.0729980469,
-1.2412109375,
-0.037109375,
-0.033996582,
0.53125,
-0.9692382812,
-1.03125,
0.1246948242,
-0.3603515625,
0.6635742188,
0.1875,
0.1563720703,
-0.2038574219,
-0.5678710938,
-0.4279785156,
-0.2817382812,
0.1937255859,
0.4714355469,
-0.5737304688,
-0.5439453125,
0.1483154297,
-2.0078125,
-0.2318115234,
0.0660400391,
0.5458984375,
0.8837890625,
0.07421875,
0.3688964844,
0.669921875,
0.9208984375,
0.5483398438,
0.4995117188,
-0.1096801758,
0.8046875,
-0.33203125,
0.3645019531,
0.3854980469,
0.2658691406,
-0.1323242188,
1.0546875,
-0.3918457031,
1.4892578125,
0.2293701172,
0.0271759033,
-0.8706054688,
-1.103515625,
-0.439453125,
-0.0806274414,
0.8154296875,
-0.1073608398,
-0.1150512695,
0.7534179688,
1.533203125,
0.0257873535,
-0.2954101562,
0.3798828125,
-0.1326904297,
0.3154296875,
-1.25390625,
1.1708984375,
0.5322265625,
-0.7490234375,
0.8979492188,
0.3972167969,
-0.3969726562,
-0.0022602081,
-0.501953125,
-0.2661132812,
-1.1708984375,
-0.5966796875,
-1.072265625,
-0.2498779297,
-0.91015625,
-0.7963867188,
-0.7421875,
0.2102050781,
-0.1000976562,
0.1060180664,
0.9936523438,
-0.2083740234,
-0.3500976562,
-0.0959472656,
-0.2900390625,
-0.2880859375,
0.1546630859,
0.4086914062,
0.3181152344,
1.015625,
-0.8061523438,
-0.3054199219,
-0.5209960938,
0.0377807617,
0.587890625,
-0.2380371094,
-0.49609375,
-0.4418945312,
-0.2160644531,
-0.8471679688,
1.0576171875,
0.3334960938,
0.2471923828,
0.7211914062,
0.4904785156,
0.80078125,
0.158203125,
-0.5092773438,
-0.6455078125,
-0.2430419922,
0.7294921875,
1.4267578125,
0.2381591797,
0.5751953125,
0.0232849121,
-0.2484130859,
-0.2098388672,
0.2878417969,
-1.1240234375,
-0.3869628906,
0.0224304199,
-0.7060546875,
0.6713867188,
-0.1115112305,
-0.4985351562,
1.0009765625,
-1.140625,
0.228515625,
-0.3403320312,
-0.3051757812,
-0.0448913574,
-0.6030273438,
-0.6440429688,
0.5717773438,
0.0762939453,
0.5747070312,
-0.4255371094,
-0.1102294922,
-0.34375,
-0.0623474121,
0.5498046875,
-0.4838867188,
-0.5493164062,
0.4223632812,
0.88671875,
-0.6181640625,
-0.7817382812,
0.1116943359,
-0.8276367188,
-0.2004394531,
1.0703125,
-0.0970458984,
-0.3210449219,
-0.4116210938,
1.1796875,
1.8994140625,
0.0599365234,
0.828125,
-0.2409667969,
-0.1256103516,
-0.0361938477,
-12.96875,
-1.9111328125,
0.1044311523,
0.6875,
-0.8256835938,
0.4743652344,
-0.0499267578,
-0.1478271484,
-0.0791015625,
-0.2044677734,
0.2629394531,
0.8857421875,
-0.2893066406,
-0.53515625,
-0.3754882812,
-0.3801269531,
1.083984375,
-0.8686523438,
-0.755859375,
0.2056884766,
0.7822265625,
0.8447265625,
-0.2573242188,
0.4331054688,
-0.0972900391,
-0.4279785156,
1.1015625,
-0.7607421875,
0.0156860352,
0.8505859375,
0.0483703613,
0.1956787109,
-0.1136474609,
0.3303222656,
-0.3977050781,
-0.3708496094,
0.4069824219,
0.5581054688,
-0.4064941406,
-0.2702636719,
-0.3723144531,
0.3095703125,
-0.0493469238,
-0.2919921875,
0.3166503906,
0.8911132812,
-1.0947265625,
-0.1599121094,
0.1630859375,
-1.12109375,
0.0220031738,
0.6791992188,
0.0317993164,
-0.4956054688,
-0.6264648438,
-0.8041992188,
-1.181640625,
0.7280273438,
-0.6176757812,
0.4462890625,
-0.6459960938,
0.4873046875,
0.515625,
-0.1531982422,
-0.6357421875,
-0.9594726562,
-1.5439453125,
-0.3713378906,
-0.1639404297,
-0.4289550781,
-0.1095581055,
-1.06640625,
2.275390625,
1.115234375,
-0.5126953125,
0.9301757812,
-0.0854492188,
-0.0155944824,
-0.6303710938,
0.5454101562,
-0.8344726562,
-0.62890625
] |
The contribution from the "efficacious ray" was thought to be only partly canceled, for reasons involving the dynamics of the medium: where the wavefront was continuous, symmetry forbade oblique vibrations; but near the obstacle that truncated the wavefront, the asymmetry allowed some sideways vibration towards the geometric shadow. This argument showed that Fresnel had not (yet) fully accepted Huygens's principle, which would have permitted oblique radiation from all portions of the front. In the same supplement, Fresnel described his well-known double mirror, comprising two flat mirrors joined at an angle of slightly less than 180°, with which he produced a two-slit interference pattern from two virtual images of the same slit. A conventional double-slit experiment required a preliminary single slit to ensure that the light falling on the double slit was coherent (synchronized). In Fresnel's version, the preliminary single slit was retained, and the double slit was replaced by the double mirror – which bore no physical resemblance to the double slit and yet performed the same function. This result (which had been announced by Arago in the March issue of the Annales) made it hard to believe that the two-slit pattern had anything to do with corpuscles being deflected as they passed near the edges of the slits. But 1816 was the "Year Without a Summer": crops failed; hungry farming families lined the streets of Rennes; the central government organized "charity workhouses" for the needy; and in October, Fresnel was sent back to Ille-et-Vilaine to supervise charity workers in addition to his regular road crew. | [
-0.8022460938,
-0.1927490234,
0.2778320312,
-0.978515625,
-0.4777832031,
-0.7270507812,
0.6728515625,
-0.53515625,
-0.0402526855,
0.9125976562,
-0.2663574219,
-0.4702148438,
0.4973144531,
-0.7651367188,
-0.2424316406,
0.337890625,
0.0247344971,
-0.6357421875,
-0.0435180664,
0.2514648438,
-0.3908691406,
-0.0670166016,
-0.4191894531,
-0.2174072266,
-0.5888671875,
0.0935668945,
0.1038818359,
0.4421386719,
-0.5854492188,
-0.4995117188,
0.0775756836,
-0.3542480469,
-0.0847167969,
0.4489746094,
-0.5288085938,
0.7763671875,
-0.4621582031,
0.1137695312,
0.3698730469,
-0.2524414062,
0.1091918945,
-0.7338867188,
0.1115112305,
-0.1706542969,
-0.33984375,
0.3022460938,
-0.5610351562,
-0.6640625,
-0.478515625,
-0.6674804688,
-0.6025390625,
-0.3466796875,
0.5073242188,
0.1822509766,
0.1518554688,
-1.0673828125,
-0.4992675781,
-0.1687011719,
0.408203125,
0.2136230469,
0.0762329102,
0.5610351562,
-0.0654907227,
-0.29296875,
1.5263671875,
-0.51171875,
0.2093505859,
-1.6337890625,
0.2895507812,
0.4584960938,
-0.4211425781,
0.2175292969,
-0.7841796875,
-0.2583007812,
-0.6987304688,
-0.4226074219,
-0.515625,
0.7036132812,
0.2033691406,
-0.059967041,
-0.6879882812,
-1.1640625,
-0.5170898438,
-0.8452148438,
-0.9702148438,
-1.431640625,
0.3874511719,
-0.552734375,
-1.625,
1.6689453125,
-0.3713378906,
-0.767578125,
-0.8745117188,
-0.2985839844,
0.1474609375,
-1.2470703125,
-1.12890625,
-1.8525390625,
-0.4340820312,
-0.3024902344,
-0.1335449219,
-1.3662109375,
0.5615234375,
0.2744140625,
-0.1434326172,
2.193359375,
-0.2646484375,
-0.5942382812,
-0.121887207,
0.0677490234,
0.5703125,
-0.4221191406,
0.3527832031,
-0.4477539062,
-1.0888671875,
0.4045410156,
-0.7041015625,
0.1318359375,
-0.5517578125,
0.1787109375,
0.3195800781,
0.529296875,
-0.3032226562,
-0.3454589844,
-0.1685791016,
0.7377929688,
0.0500488281,
-0.2430419922,
0.1715087891,
0.2939453125,
-0.2973632812,
-0.1340332031,
0.0919189453,
-0.5,
0.552734375,
-1.212890625,
-1.4970703125,
0.0823974609,
0.1258544922,
-0.552734375,
-0.1883544922,
0.4575195312,
0.0907592773,
0.1402587891,
-0.2312011719,
0.1995849609,
-0.7431640625,
0.298828125,
-0.2702636719,
0.4506835938,
-1.21484375,
0.1662597656,
-0.0676879883,
0.2445068359,
-0.008682251,
-0.1689453125,
-0.5493164062,
-0.5122070312,
0.035369873,
-0.0766601562,
-0.845703125,
-0.51171875,
-0.8359375,
-0.5903320312,
0.0871582031,
0.0589294434,
-0.275390625,
-0.8715820312,
0.2255859375,
0.7109375,
-0.5654296875,
-0.0073394775,
-0.4294433594,
0.8481445312,
-0.5546875,
-1.0751953125,
1.2236328125,
0.0865478516,
-0.1396484375,
0.7939453125,
0.7666015625,
-1.0078125,
-0.5805664062,
-0.4548339844,
-0.6596679688,
0.095703125,
-0.0000147223,
-0.4006347656,
0.0955200195,
-0.050201416,
-0.2214355469,
2.00390625,
-0.3967285156,
-0.8715820312,
-0.4013671875,
0.3854980469,
-0.9091796875,
0.1220092773,
0.1284179688,
0.6713867188,
0.4755859375,
1.015625,
1.3193359375,
0.9877929688,
0.271484375,
0.70703125,
1.0107421875,
0.3659667969,
-0.3146972656,
1.6005859375,
-0.1528320312,
0.875,
0.0178070068,
-0.0791015625,
0.3713378906,
-0.6591796875,
0.1697998047,
0.7880859375,
0.7587890625,
-0.8520507812,
0.6870117188,
-0.1682128906,
-1.3837890625,
0.3930664062,
-1.4814453125,
-0.6357421875,
-0.8857421875,
1.185546875,
0.6967773438,
-0.2197265625,
0.6474609375,
-0.0480651855,
-0.8271484375,
0.0485229492,
0.3522949219,
0.0869750977,
-0.0445861816,
-1.2294921875,
-0.3547363281,
-1.2197265625,
0.1597900391,
-0.6245117188,
-0.2758789062,
-0.0102462769,
-0.0308837891,
-0.9345703125,
0.4174804688,
-0.5205078125,
0.0124511719,
0.4990234375,
0.0209960938,
-0.2032470703,
0.5991210938,
0.1871337891,
-0.6391601562,
0.4978027344,
-0.3725585938,
-0.1378173828,
-0.2731933594,
0.607421875,
0.5131835938,
0.4116210938,
1.5390625,
-0.4606933594,
-0.0408935547,
-0.3994140625,
0.2797851562,
0.1440429688,
0.44921875,
0.4133300781,
0.7514648438,
-0.031829834,
-1.12109375,
-0.439453125,
0.2468261719,
-0.0360107422,
-0.3273925781,
-0.7358398438,
0.1627197266,
-0.671875,
0.3205566406,
-0.9033203125,
-0.4384765625,
-0.7641601562,
0.2327880859,
0.6713867188,
0.2369384766,
-0.2476806641,
0.0560913086,
1.1826171875,
-0.2856445312,
0.4658203125,
-0.3393554688,
-0.0975952148,
0.271484375,
-0.505859375,
0.017288208,
0.1654052734,
-0.4921875,
0.2280273438,
0.0692138672,
0.7841796875,
-0.1135253906,
-0.4289550781,
0.2512207031,
0.2880859375,
-0.2200927734,
0.5512695312,
-1.1142578125,
0.283203125,
0.0574951172,
0.1765136719,
0.5595703125,
-0.7866210938,
-0.2517089844,
0.6733398438,
-0.0144195557,
-0.3312988281,
-0.1029052734,
-1.2880859375,
0.2983398438,
0.1943359375,
-0.6665039062,
-1.35546875,
0.0690917969,
0.4604492188,
-0.3923339844,
-0.2734375,
0.2269287109,
-0.3471679688,
1.09375,
0.9038085938,
0.1793212891,
0.3498535156,
-0.5122070312,
0.0621643066,
-0.1262207031,
0.1339111328,
0.0731201172,
-0.2907714844,
-0.7573242188,
-0.3974609375,
-1.4404296875,
-0.0876464844,
-0.1918945312,
0.4406738281,
-0.8784179688,
0.1071166992,
1.263671875,
-0.1194458008,
-0.7319335938,
-0.0686645508,
0.1453857422,
-0.1173706055,
-0.431640625,
0.5009765625,
-0.2785644531,
-0.2580566406,
-0.0795288086,
0.3054199219,
-0.071472168,
-0.2685546875,
-0.369140625,
-0.2127685547,
-0.7309570312,
-0.3676757812,
-0.50390625,
0.2319335938,
1.28125,
-0.7563476562,
-0.3549804688,
0.3740234375,
-0.4963378906,
0.4401855469,
-0.7866210938,
-0.2403564453,
-0.40625,
-0.3317871094,
-0.1293945312,
-0.4304199219,
-0.5551757812,
-0.1715087891,
-1.189453125,
-1.6826171875,
0.2464599609,
0.2805175781,
0.3908691406,
0.1369628906,
-0.3579101562,
0.98828125,
0.8203125,
0.4069824219,
0.2912597656,
-0.650390625,
0.1740722656,
0.537109375,
1.251953125,
-1.244140625,
-0.017288208,
0.4086914062,
-0.1923828125,
-1.0048828125,
0.1964111328,
1.2275390625,
1.279296875,
-0.8046875,
1.5869140625,
1.04296875,
0.3559570312,
-0.122253418,
-0.2027587891,
0.6518554688,
0.0610656738,
0.1248168945,
-1.3505859375,
0.283203125,
0.0087280273,
-0.4069824219,
-0.0975341797,
0.4538574219,
-0.498046875,
0.1986083984,
0.4350585938,
0.4699707031,
1.345703125,
0.3591308594,
-0.287109375,
0.6899414062,
0.4602050781,
-0.796875,
-0.466796875,
0.4553222656,
0.0484619141,
0.5922851562,
0.1156616211,
-0.3210449219,
0.2983398438,
0.0785522461,
0.5048828125,
-0.2291259766,
-0.4482421875,
0.66015625,
-0.8544921875,
0.8452148438,
0.3671875,
0.3627929688,
-0.1251220703,
0.0861206055,
-0.328125,
-0.3664550781,
-0.5375976562,
1.2626953125,
0.1622314453,
-0.0051956177,
0.736328125,
-0.2548828125,
0.1715087891,
-0.2373046875,
-0.376953125,
-0.1948242188,
0.2045898438,
-0.4743652344,
-0.5463867188,
0.0609436035,
0.8686523438,
-1.748046875,
0.1016235352,
0.76171875,
0.5034179688,
0.4848632812,
0.4978027344,
0.73828125,
-1.3935546875,
-0.443359375,
0.4196777344,
0.1164550781,
-0.0767211914,
-0.7456054688,
-0.1649169922,
0.8002929688,
1.2763671875,
-0.4016113281,
-0.2133789062,
-0.5053710938,
0.4094238281,
-0.375,
-0.0664672852,
0.1182250977,
0.4821777344,
0.0540771484,
0.9584960938,
-0.4897460938,
-0.5190429688,
1.2412109375,
-0.259765625,
-0.0318908691,
-0.4765625,
-0.1968994141,
-1.6142578125,
-0.1185302734,
-0.3479003906,
-0.1049804688,
0.2568359375,
-0.0909423828,
-0.1745605469,
0.9965820312,
-0.767578125,
0.6064453125,
0.6987304688,
0.8881835938,
-0.2648925781,
-0.6616210938,
0.67578125,
-0.1700439453,
-0.0433959961,
-0.6772460938,
0.1722412109,
0.53125,
0.7495117188,
0.1061401367,
0.3488769531,
0.1065063477,
0.5131835938,
-0.1756591797,
-0.6079101562,
1.1328125,
0.2036132812,
-0.3435058594,
-0.6806640625,
0.7104492188,
1.1796875,
0.1080932617,
0.3576660156,
-0.9399414062,
-0.5341796875,
-0.08984375,
0.7338867188,
1.34765625,
1.048828125,
0.50390625,
0.1097412109,
0.6875,
0.2985839844,
0.0855712891,
0.1854248047,
1.12109375,
0.1028442383,
0.5522460938,
-0.4328613281,
0.5581054688,
-0.3430175781,
0.3720703125,
0.9692382812,
1.2587890625,
0.0483093262,
-0.1831054688,
-0.2856445312,
-0.4624023438,
0.7041015625,
-0.2403564453,
-0.4045410156,
0.4892578125,
0.2043457031,
0.1577148438,
-0.0475463867,
-0.0803833008,
0.3864746094,
0.0728759766,
-0.3078613281,
-0.0268707275,
0.10546875,
-0.646484375,
-0.5874023438,
0.2854003906,
-1.416015625,
-0.3435058594,
0.0772094727,
-1.2333984375,
-0.1662597656,
-0.6264648438,
-0.1166992188,
0.2802734375,
-0.0085754395,
0.0887451172,
0.4670410156,
-0.396484375,
0.0844116211,
-0.4682617188,
-0.1732177734,
-0.8388671875,
-0.1984863281,
-0.0419616699,
0.2958984375,
-0.5249023438,
0.958984375,
-0.0041923523,
-1.2763671875,
0.4130859375,
1.4482421875,
-0.0559387207,
-0.1961669922,
0.6254882812,
0.4416503906,
0.6909179688,
1.1962890625,
-0.4458007812,
0.1341552734,
0.3818359375,
0.9965820312,
0.5512695312,
-0.5190429688,
-0.3723144531,
1.162109375,
-0.9985351562,
0.4108886719,
0.19921875,
-0.1848144531,
-0.1654052734,
0.1324462891,
-1.4990234375,
-0.654296875,
-0.0900268555,
0.3718261719,
0.52734375,
1.2119140625,
0.1019287109,
-0.455078125,
0.5869140625,
-0.33203125,
-0.0252838135,
-0.3525390625,
-0.9418945312,
0.328125,
-0.4797363281,
0.5678710938,
0.3369140625,
-0.6416015625,
0.908203125,
0.1171264648,
0.0276641846,
0.234375,
-1.001953125,
-0.4855957031,
0.4448242188,
0.70703125,
0.0682983398,
1.0048828125,
0.7275390625,
-0.802734375,
0.58984375,
1.0771484375,
0.9467773438,
0.1976318359,
-0.6948242188,
-0.5932617188,
-0.2763671875,
-0.0014638901,
-0.568359375,
1.109375,
-0.5815429688,
0.7094726562,
-0.1815185547,
-0.2177734375,
-0.2575683594,
0.4604492188,
1.1474609375,
0.6440429688,
0.3618164062,
-0.732421875,
-0.3791503906,
0.6342773438,
-0.8149414062,
-0.1060791016,
0.9682617188,
-0.1036376953,
-0.2749023438,
-0.8959960938,
-0.6079101562,
-0.8715820312,
1.0712890625,
-0.3471679688,
0.4130859375,
-1.2568359375,
0.9599609375,
-0.2395019531,
0.390625,
-0.7407226562,
0.6870117188,
-0.1838378906,
-0.3569335938,
0.0459289551,
0.2196044922,
-1.580078125,
-0.71875,
-0.7255859375,
-0.0096359253,
-0.4904785156,
0.0555725098,
-0.2836914062,
0.7470703125,
0.4602050781,
-0.2722167969,
-0.0549926758,
-0.0276184082,
-1.6494140625,
0.2421875,
0.1740722656,
0.8818359375,
0.1457519531,
-1.4833984375,
-0.3989257812,
-0.390625,
0.2248535156,
-0.8588867188,
0.0354309082,
-0.9541015625,
-0.77734375,
0.9482421875,
1.171875,
0.9716796875,
-0.1402587891,
0.6538085938,
-0.1079711914,
-0.3630371094,
-0.2697753906,
1.3193359375,
0.455078125,
0.0161437988,
0.1779785156,
0.44921875,
0.3061523438,
-0.1013183594,
0.5009765625,
-0.4501953125,
-0.6313476562,
0.1176147461,
1.26171875,
-0.6508789062,
0.1427001953,
0.4064941406,
-0.7280273438,
-0.693359375,
-0.5927734375,
-0.6030273438,
-0.4797363281,
0.0430297852,
0.982421875,
0.1389160156,
0.1937255859,
0.1385498047,
-0.0304718018,
0.2849121094,
0.4157714844,
-0.3354492188,
0.1243286133,
0.0239868164,
-1.1640625,
0.4663085938,
0.4777832031,
-0.1405029297,
-0.5346679688,
0.1292724609,
-0.7119140625,
-0.4914550781,
0.1353759766,
-0.0590820312,
-0.1691894531,
0.5649414062,
-0.5869140625,
1.3212890625,
0.1801757812,
0.4301757812,
0.3298339844,
-0.2888183594,
0.5278320312,
-0.5590820312,
0.2424316406,
-0.9921875,
0.8862304688,
0.0277709961,
-0.7841796875,
-0.443359375,
0.1711425781,
-0.59765625,
-0.6254882812,
-0.0746459961,
-0.1730957031,
0.8979492188,
-0.61328125,
-1.13671875,
0.1915283203,
-0.4274902344,
0.3962402344,
0.3842773438,
0.77734375,
0.4724121094,
-0.80078125,
-0.8046875,
0.0286865234,
-0.1287841797,
0.2239990234,
-0.2264404297,
-0.7861328125,
0.0674438477,
-2.205078125,
-0.1654052734,
-0.0955810547,
0.4914550781,
0.619140625,
0.1728515625,
1.0576171875,
1.1083984375,
0.8041992188,
0.4067382812,
0.4255371094,
-0.1440429688,
0.1944580078,
0.0319824219,
0.1593017578,
0.0510559082,
0.0497436523,
-0.4431152344,
0.9946289062,
-0.0598449707,
0.7490234375,
0.1931152344,
-0.2200927734,
-0.8603515625,
-0.8564453125,
-0.6411132812,
0.0865478516,
0.6977539062,
-0.1616210938,
-0.3833007812,
0.6489257812,
1.634765625,
0.3845214844,
0.2032470703,
0.544921875,
-0.2783203125,
0.0067977905,
-0.7294921875,
0.7241210938,
0.4802246094,
-0.4382324219,
0.8276367188,
0.3701171875,
-0.2907714844,
0.0516052246,
-0.2978515625,
-0.7216796875,
-0.8764648438,
-0.1563720703,
-0.2878417969,
0.1370849609,
0.041809082,
-0.4982910156,
-0.5283203125,
0.1384277344,
-0.1571044922,
0.1121826172,
1.2236328125,
0.1079101562,
-0.140625,
0.5678710938,
-0.7856445312,
-0.5224609375,
-0.3117675781,
0.0204315186,
0.1604003906,
0.5112304688,
-0.5922851562,
-0.2108154297,
-0.2197265625,
0.2218017578,
0.3918457031,
-0.1959228516,
-0.4855957031,
-0.3203125,
-0.2368164062,
-0.6147460938,
0.6826171875,
-0.0575561523,
0.3337402344,
0.5791015625,
0.6103515625,
0.2340087891,
0.3117675781,
-0.4479980469,
-0.8930664062,
0.2702636719,
0.4846191406,
0.8627929688,
0.2604980469,
0.6088867188,
0.251953125,
-0.3901367188,
0.65234375,
0.2856445312,
-0.2966308594,
-0.7250976562,
0.3718261719,
-0.818359375,
0.1827392578,
0.3359375,
-0.4714355469,
0.4248046875,
-0.708984375,
0.5751953125,
-0.6298828125,
-0.798828125,
-0.2478027344,
-0.7504882812,
0.041229248,
-0.0836791992,
-0.4516601562,
0.26953125,
-0.1348876953,
-0.1636962891,
-0.7026367188,
0.3032226562,
-0.0200653076,
0.1436767578,
-0.5932617188,
0.4912109375,
0.2497558594,
-0.2917480469,
-0.1041870117,
0.1152954102,
-0.6147460938,
-0.28125,
1.0478515625,
-0.2059326172,
-0.3688964844,
-0.6767578125,
0.9516601562,
1.1259765625,
0.4204101562,
0.1381835938,
-1.01171875,
0.3625488281,
-0.1402587891,
-13.7578125,
-2.23828125,
0.2927246094,
0.4074707031,
-1.2353515625,
0.5327148438,
-0.0360107422,
-0.2442626953,
0.2086181641,
0.30859375,
0.0533447266,
0.6840820312,
-0.46484375,
-0.3078613281,
0.1579589844,
0.2814941406,
0.1098632812,
-0.5288085938,
-0.7827148438,
0.8032226562,
0.89453125,
0.7788085938,
-0.2174072266,
0.9350585938,
-0.2685546875,
-0.1774902344,
1.052734375,
-1.259765625,
-0.1940917969,
0.2008056641,
-0.3815917969,
0.1112060547,
-0.4965820312,
0.72265625,
-0.2922363281,
-0.8393554688,
0.1588134766,
0.1182861328,
-0.490234375,
-0.578125,
-0.1689453125,
0.4389648438,
-0.0415649414,
0.2369384766,
0.3415527344,
0.6767578125,
-0.560546875,
0.0575866699,
0.1922607422,
-0.732421875,
0.0509338379,
1.1640625,
0.099609375,
-0.3510742188,
-0.7075195312,
-0.8525390625,
-0.9604492188,
0.4790039062,
-0.0408630371,
0.3315429688,
-1.185546875,
1.193359375,
-0.3349609375,
0.1256103516,
-0.3935546875,
-0.6357421875,
-1.759765625,
-0.1635742188,
0.7490234375,
-0.291015625,
-0.2364501953,
-0.7573242188,
1.853515625,
0.0623474121,
-0.775390625,
0.7700195312,
0.2448730469,
-0.2064208984,
0.451171875,
0.8369140625,
-0.4250488281,
-0.4096679688
] |
According to Arago,
Fresnel's letters from December 1816 reveal his consequent anxiety. To Arago he complained of being "tormented by the worries of surveillance, and the need to reprimand…" And to Mérimée he wrote: "I find nothing more tiresome than having to manage other men, and I admit that I have no idea what I'm doing." Prize memoir (1818) and sequel
On 17 March 1817, the Académie des Sciences announced that diffraction would be the topic for the biannual physics Grand Prix to be awarded in 1819. The deadline for entries was set at 1 August 1818 to allow time for replication of experiments. Although the wording of the problem referred to rays and inflection and did not invite wave-based solutions, Arago and Ampère encouraged Fresnel to enter. In the fall of 1817, Fresnel, supported by de Prony, obtained a leave of absence from the new head of the Corp des Ponts, Louis Becquey, and returned to Paris. He resumed his engineering duties in the spring of 1818; but from then on he was based in Paris, first on the Canal de l'Ourcq, and then (from May 1819) with the cadastre of the pavements. On 15 January 1818, in a different context (revisited below), Fresnel showed that the addition of sinusoidal functions of the same frequency but different phases is analogous to the addition of forces with different directions. | [
-1.3505859375,
-0.2375488281,
0.1466064453,
-0.7275390625,
-0.4851074219,
0.2171630859,
0.7143554688,
0.4909667969,
0.8212890625,
0.4714355469,
0.0648193359,
0.0771484375,
0.0752563477,
-0.0212249756,
0.2197265625,
0.3627929688,
0.2822265625,
-0.4799804688,
-0.8911132812,
0.1240234375,
-0.2922363281,
-0.3859863281,
-0.5883789062,
-0.4030761719,
-1.4072265625,
0.1697998047,
0.8139648438,
-0.0200042725,
-0.8212890625,
-0.4995117188,
0.1063842773,
-0.045501709,
0.357421875,
0.0751953125,
-0.7509765625,
1.13671875,
-0.3999023438,
-0.0063056946,
0.1165771484,
0.0894775391,
-0.7426757812,
-1.8671875,
0.2934570312,
-0.4963378906,
-0.3017578125,
0.3969726562,
-0.6791992188,
-0.2563476562,
-0.7583007812,
-0.873046875,
-0.3757324219,
0.4731445312,
-0.5932617188,
0.0714111328,
0.1311035156,
-0.8452148438,
-0.4599609375,
-0.4367675781,
0.7265625,
-0.1018676758,
-0.4675292969,
0.8139648438,
-0.2778320312,
-0.712890625,
1.482421875,
-0.1716308594,
0.1280517578,
-1.0537109375,
-0.1584472656,
-0.3325195312,
-0.46875,
0.0772094727,
-0.3522949219,
-0.3659667969,
-0.1479492188,
-0.5708007812,
-0.3942871094,
1.0712890625,
0.0029125214,
-0.0764160156,
-1.185546875,
-0.9057617188,
-0.87109375,
-1.26171875,
-1.0791015625,
-0.9755859375,
0.1899414062,
-0.6870117188,
-1.4716796875,
1.734375,
-0.1967773438,
-1.1708984375,
-0.576171875,
0.3671875,
-0.2083740234,
-1.05078125,
-0.0995483398,
-2.595703125,
-0.7509765625,
0.775390625,
0.0825805664,
-0.8500976562,
0.9931640625,
-0.1927490234,
-0.0606689453,
2.693359375,
-0.4418945312,
-0.75390625,
0.1271972656,
-0.3830566406,
0.2340087891,
-0.5571289062,
0.5434570312,
0.0739135742,
-0.6391601562,
0.591796875,
-1.1318359375,
-0.1107788086,
-0.7666015625,
0.075012207,
0.0018978119,
0.33984375,
-0.2299804688,
-0.8896484375,
-0.1177978516,
0.1876220703,
0.4028320312,
0.3081054688,
-0.0639038086,
-0.2265625,
-0.38671875,
0.1193237305,
-0.771484375,
-0.560546875,
0.4077148438,
-1.1611328125,
-1.4951171875,
-0.069152832,
0.2410888672,
-0.3176269531,
-0.2626953125,
1.2900390625,
-0.4519042969,
-0.619140625,
-0.216796875,
0.1402587891,
-0.5532226562,
0.1323242188,
-0.0230560303,
0.8173828125,
-0.5786132812,
-0.2397460938,
-0.0153808594,
0.4665527344,
-0.1306152344,
-0.3957519531,
-0.599609375,
0.1589355469,
0.0220794678,
-0.2634277344,
-0.0498046875,
-0.2783203125,
-0.1270751953,
-1.3916015625,
0.4460449219,
0.2431640625,
0.5625,
-0.2600097656,
0.455078125,
0.216796875,
-0.2751464844,
-0.1887207031,
-0.0654907227,
0.5048828125,
0.1711425781,
-2.177734375,
0.3186035156,
-0.5356445312,
-0.2622070312,
0.5717773438,
0.8041992188,
-0.75,
0.2451171875,
-0.5571289062,
-0.3334960938,
-0.2266845703,
0.5463867188,
-0.8608398438,
-0.5727539062,
-0.5776367188,
0.0220184326,
1.4150390625,
-0.1834716797,
-0.7568359375,
-0.8061523438,
0.3010253906,
-0.79296875,
0.84765625,
-0.4057617188,
1.0771484375,
-0.3835449219,
1.8330078125,
1.056640625,
0.0902709961,
0.1462402344,
-0.2005615234,
0.1918945312,
0.32421875,
0.6337890625,
0.8715820312,
-0.4348144531,
0.5864257812,
0.0194091797,
0.0361633301,
0.3049316406,
-0.5942382812,
0.4582519531,
0.9951171875,
0.4477539062,
-1.3154296875,
0.8095703125,
0.4904785156,
-0.947265625,
0.3515625,
-1.3251953125,
-0.8969726562,
-0.6879882812,
1.7470703125,
-0.1215209961,
0.0906982422,
0.0713500977,
0.2260742188,
-0.37109375,
0.2114257812,
0.505859375,
0.6474609375,
-0.1463623047,
-0.9169921875,
0.1018066406,
0.2939453125,
-0.7973632812,
-0.9658203125,
0.0498352051,
-1.755859375,
-0.8564453125,
-0.4724121094,
0.42578125,
-0.1785888672,
0.0798339844,
0.4992675781,
0.5034179688,
-0.0500488281,
0.4970703125,
0.2709960938,
0.0591430664,
-0.2208251953,
-0.5263671875,
0.4504394531,
-0.4057617188,
1.0322265625,
0.1796875,
0.4404296875,
0.7998046875,
-1.1220703125,
-1.171875,
-0.1302490234,
-0.1102294922,
-0.4111328125,
0.1645507812,
0.0546264648,
0.35546875,
0.2159423828,
-1.724609375,
-0.2390136719,
0.0737304688,
-0.6513671875,
-0.880859375,
-0.1313476562,
0.537109375,
-0.2431640625,
0.6098632812,
0.0071182251,
-0.2033691406,
-0.529296875,
0.7421875,
-0.0863037109,
-0.4133300781,
0.2171630859,
-0.1232299805,
0.6850585938,
-0.2119140625,
-0.2958984375,
-0.4838867188,
0.078125,
-0.0082855225,
-0.1110839844,
-0.2026367188,
-0.1668701172,
-1.2705078125,
-0.1651611328,
-0.5170898438,
0.896484375,
-0.4138183594,
-0.8466796875,
0.7138671875,
0.7578125,
-0.4235839844,
-0.5102539062,
-0.6103515625,
0.1435546875,
0.7451171875,
0.2685546875,
-0.5869140625,
-0.2139892578,
0.4611816406,
0.7338867188,
0.1129150391,
-0.8090820312,
-0.6411132812,
-0.689453125,
0.5463867188,
-0.3552246094,
-0.3100585938,
-0.2890625,
0.0058403015,
1.001953125,
0.2668457031,
-0.8232421875,
0.5146484375,
0.1734619141,
0.5556640625,
0.1878662109,
0.1006469727,
-0.5786132812,
-0.6240234375,
0.0787963867,
1.2294921875,
0.2873535156,
0.8696289062,
0.0116882324,
-0.2927246094,
0.3178710938,
-0.9560546875,
-0.0982666016,
0.1931152344,
0.6064453125,
-1.2119140625,
-0.0255126953,
0.95703125,
-0.0218505859,
-0.9155273438,
0.4035644531,
0.2041015625,
-1.01953125,
-0.4768066406,
0.5317382812,
-0.3342285156,
0.1019287109,
-0.3764648438,
-0.0706787109,
0.984375,
-0.708984375,
0.78125,
0.1975097656,
0.2144775391,
-0.2927246094,
-0.5180664062,
0.5483398438,
1.2822265625,
0.4577636719,
-0.1036376953,
0.4826660156,
-0.0026721954,
-0.2322998047,
1.125,
-0.3720703125,
-0.4545898438,
-0.419921875,
-0.4899902344,
-0.2326660156,
0.0498352051,
-0.1966552734,
-1.1123046875,
-0.94140625,
-0.2381591797,
0.1474609375,
0.705078125,
-0.359375,
-1.189453125,
0.3266601562,
0.4538574219,
0.7509765625,
0.7041015625,
-0.4384765625,
0.1832275391,
0.3598632812,
2.771484375,
-1.6650390625,
-0.4692382812,
-0.1220703125,
-0.1663818359,
-0.0128631592,
0.6274414062,
1.0166015625,
-0.1489257812,
-0.7143554688,
2.287109375,
0.2565917969,
0.4921875,
0.6723632812,
0.0280303955,
-0.4887695312,
0.0539245605,
-0.291015625,
0.0010042191,
-0.1779785156,
0.3740234375,
-0.1661376953,
0.4191894531,
0.1788330078,
-0.58203125,
-0.0813598633,
-0.755859375,
0.58203125,
1.322265625,
0.5268554688,
-0.2966308594,
0.6245117188,
-0.4431152344,
-0.3146972656,
-0.4299316406,
0.2592773438,
0.4020996094,
0.7036132812,
0.6450195312,
-0.400390625,
0.4814453125,
-0.2978515625,
0.5263671875,
-0.3784179688,
-0.0665283203,
0.80859375,
-0.2418212891,
-0.1175537109,
1.0068359375,
-0.1755371094,
-0.2210693359,
-0.5693359375,
0.5283203125,
-1.265625,
-0.1448974609,
0.66015625,
-0.2106933594,
-0.4575195312,
0.2277832031,
-0.5947265625,
-0.4560546875,
-0.6147460938,
-0.2280273438,
0.0618896484,
0.3491210938,
0.1040649414,
-0.3444824219,
-1.29296875,
0.4506835938,
-1.380859375,
-0.1940917969,
-0.2115478516,
0.005531311,
0.0982666016,
-0.0041885376,
0.1877441406,
-1.4990234375,
-0.6025390625,
0.6831054688,
0.3881835938,
0.6528320312,
-0.0744018555,
0.208984375,
0.2156982422,
0.9765625,
-0.1752929688,
-0.2961425781,
0.0157775879,
1.33984375,
-0.62890625,
0.0500488281,
-0.0922241211,
0.61328125,
-0.6689453125,
0.3549804688,
0.0899047852,
-0.0970458984,
0.4602050781,
-0.3068847656,
-1.02734375,
-0.8115234375,
-0.29296875,
-0.787109375,
0.1439208984,
0.1400146484,
0.30859375,
-0.3720703125,
-0.7919921875,
0.4506835938,
0.1828613281,
-0.8559570312,
1.232421875,
1.0068359375,
1.19921875,
-0.0122528076,
0.3828125,
0.1693115234,
-0.2191162109,
-0.0243835449,
-0.8642578125,
0.662109375,
0.1657714844,
0.3273925781,
0.6538085938,
0.3991699219,
0.5971679688,
0.1522216797,
0.8759765625,
-1.8642578125,
0.1260986328,
0.2663574219,
0.0899047852,
0.2924804688,
-0.2927246094,
-0.0096817017,
-0.2985839844,
-0.1871337891,
-0.775390625,
-0.42578125,
-0.1678466797,
0.8662109375,
0.9599609375,
-0.162109375,
0.595703125,
0.63671875,
0.2243652344,
0.15625,
-0.3347167969,
-0.1361083984,
1.3876953125,
-0.2849121094,
0.9780273438,
-0.6499023438,
0.8681640625,
-0.2795410156,
-0.1556396484,
0.9150390625,
1.357421875,
-0.408203125,
-0.1737060547,
-0.7109375,
-0.5224609375,
0.2435302734,
0.1353759766,
-0.1094360352,
0.9047851562,
0.6215820312,
0.2269287109,
0.2736816406,
0.43359375,
0.681640625,
0.9150390625,
-0.3815917969,
-0.0408935547,
0.1765136719,
0.0042877197,
-0.3972167969,
0.271484375,
-0.9091796875,
-0.6928710938,
-0.1534423828,
-0.3308105469,
0.1314697266,
-0.8530273438,
-0.1166992188,
0.2810058594,
-0.0312194824,
-0.2019042969,
-0.4091796875,
-0.1722412109,
0.0064888,
-1.4892578125,
-0.1474609375,
-0.4831542969,
-0.5844726562,
0.0566711426,
0.548828125,
-0.0235443115,
0.5708007812,
0.1019287109,
-0.8134765625,
0.3347167969,
1.5283203125,
-0.130859375,
0.1257324219,
0.3037109375,
0.8237304688,
0.7861328125,
0.3322753906,
-0.2971191406,
-0.3916015625,
0.2763671875,
0.80859375,
0.2827148438,
-0.1579589844,
-0.720703125,
1.08203125,
-0.6264648438,
0.1047973633,
-0.079284668,
-0.6713867188,
-0.2211914062,
0.2551269531,
-1.96484375,
0.0424499512,
-0.83984375,
-0.1781005859,
0.1351318359,
1.267578125,
0.3837890625,
-0.486328125,
0.4816894531,
0.3776855469,
0.0731811523,
-0.4506835938,
-1.2041015625,
0.3266601562,
-0.5708007812,
0.7446289062,
0.4108886719,
0.092956543,
1.2001953125,
-0.1101074219,
1.6650390625,
0.0112762451,
-0.6127929688,
0.073059082,
0.2958984375,
1.3173828125,
-0.1260986328,
1.400390625,
1.2451171875,
-1.392578125,
0.2653808594,
0.4138183594,
1.0126953125,
0.7529296875,
-0.8759765625,
-0.0894165039,
-0.2109375,
-0.0798339844,
-0.8115234375,
0.7124023438,
0.2475585938,
0.1276855469,
0.1905517578,
-1.2060546875,
-0.2005615234,
0.4291992188,
0.58203125,
0.4460449219,
-0.5874023438,
-0.1593017578,
-0.7348632812,
1.2353515625,
0.5078125,
-0.6533203125,
1.3388671875,
0.14453125,
0.3366699219,
-1.6689453125,
-1.02734375,
-0.4396972656,
0.552734375,
-0.1480712891,
-0.1710205078,
-0.1340332031,
0.5639648438,
0.2084960938,
-0.0777587891,
-1.2314453125,
0.9189453125,
-1.189453125,
0.50390625,
0.7065429688,
-0.580078125,
-1.46484375,
-0.6259765625,
-0.4541015625,
-0.9916992188,
-0.0589599609,
-0.3740234375,
0.9072265625,
0.4064941406,
0.5795898438,
-0.4223632812,
-0.9995117188,
0.0862426758,
-1.60546875,
-0.2585449219,
0.1737060547,
0.2100830078,
0.1444091797,
-1.0732421875,
-1.13671875,
0.1558837891,
-0.1514892578,
-0.7802734375,
0.451171875,
-0.5830078125,
-0.0039253235,
0.3974609375,
0.7934570312,
0.4221191406,
-0.3601074219,
1.4794921875,
-0.5170898438,
0.5463867188,
-0.3190917969,
0.5107421875,
0.396484375,
0.3676757812,
0.3186035156,
0.162109375,
-0.2033691406,
-0.7231445312,
-0.1218261719,
-0.8491210938,
0.1210327148,
-0.1126098633,
0.2447509766,
-0.0385437012,
0.140625,
0.4909667969,
-0.818359375,
-0.4187011719,
-0.3000488281,
0.2144775391,
-0.40234375,
0.1911621094,
1.3251953125,
0.2044677734,
-0.1350097656,
-0.2795410156,
0.7622070312,
-0.0681762695,
-0.0177001953,
0.6284179688,
0.056854248,
-0.2712402344,
-1.3193359375,
-0.4128417969,
1.1357421875,
-0.1051635742,
-0.5219726562,
0.0320129395,
-0.0711669922,
-0.560546875,
0.3359375,
0.3520507812,
0.3645019531,
0.82421875,
0.3930664062,
1.658203125,
0.419921875,
0.1149291992,
0.4604492188,
-0.1697998047,
0.1093139648,
-0.107421875,
-0.4682617188,
-0.7934570312,
0.5673828125,
-0.4174804688,
-0.8959960938,
0.2502441406,
0.7368164062,
-0.3752441406,
-0.9672851562,
0.3408203125,
-0.4926757812,
0.57421875,
-0.6030273438,
-0.3000488281,
0.8686523438,
0.3024902344,
-0.2119140625,
0.3269042969,
-0.595703125,
0.1917724609,
-0.0823974609,
0.1118164062,
0.9267578125,
0.6743164062,
0.7719726562,
-0.5053710938,
-0.1832275391,
0.3269042969,
-1.4384765625,
-0.0360412598,
0.0195617676,
0.1235351562,
0.9296875,
-0.0039291382,
0.3569335938,
0.1688232422,
0.8520507812,
0.1936035156,
0.3649902344,
-0.4526367188,
-0.0373535156,
0.810546875,
0.76171875,
1.0498046875,
-0.1875,
-0.4194335938,
0.583984375,
0.2463378906,
0.0419616699,
-0.0338745117,
-0.4616699219,
-0.1341552734,
-1.0869140625,
-0.4787597656,
0.40625,
0.3540039062,
-0.5185546875,
0.1120605469,
0.5346679688,
0.6235351562,
-0.51953125,
0.4282226562,
-0.4016113281,
0.0977783203,
-0.1954345703,
-0.8989257812,
0.5629882812,
0.2038574219,
-0.2646484375,
0.689453125,
0.8623046875,
-0.5737304688,
-0.3881835938,
0.0308685303,
-0.9165039062,
-0.5971679688,
-0.9140625,
-0.3493652344,
-0.5668945312,
-0.5771484375,
-1.0400390625,
-0.5649414062,
0.0841674805,
-0.7875976562,
0.1297607422,
0.9252929688,
0.4599609375,
-0.6333007812,
-0.4365234375,
-0.3911132812,
-0.58203125,
-0.38671875,
-0.0194549561,
-0.0885009766,
0.4819335938,
-0.7646484375,
0.529296875,
0.002576828,
-0.25,
0.1831054688,
0.0481872559,
-0.9858398438,
-0.845703125,
0.5395507812,
0.0638427734,
1.2724609375,
0.5883789062,
0.3234863281,
0.3666992188,
0.0708618164,
-0.0070838928,
0.701171875,
-0.3544921875,
0.0167999268,
-0.1580810547,
0.1219482422,
0.7280273438,
0.2241210938,
0.1319580078,
0.80859375,
-0.3061523438,
0.0630493164,
0.1560058594,
-0.4008789062,
-0.3779296875,
0.68359375,
-1.0947265625,
0.5493164062,
0.6220703125,
0.1132202148,
1.017578125,
-0.724609375,
-0.1095581055,
-0.865234375,
-0.0828857422,
0.063659668,
-0.8422851562,
-0.9028320312,
0.7407226562,
-0.3933105469,
0.9624023438,
-0.1743164062,
-0.2269287109,
-0.8999023438,
0.4621582031,
0.53125,
0.3720703125,
-0.3395996094,
-0.294921875,
1.185546875,
-0.5971679688,
0.4411621094,
0.6318359375,
-0.0926513672,
0.3012695312,
1.33203125,
-0.1258544922,
-0.671875,
-0.6474609375,
1.271484375,
1.2763671875,
-0.2196044922,
0.8276367188,
-0.2768554688,
-0.4245605469,
-0.357421875,
-12.984375,
-2.072265625,
-0.1522216797,
0.1380615234,
-0.4401855469,
0.806640625,
-0.3151855469,
-0.6459960938,
-0.0458374023,
0.3747558594,
0.2401123047,
1.2451171875,
-0.0940551758,
-0.4348144531,
0.5166015625,
-0.3737792969,
0.0621337891,
-0.9692382812,
-1.0234375,
1.2021484375,
1.18359375,
0.6225585938,
-0.4475097656,
0.5869140625,
-0.0871582031,
-0.1912841797,
1.1083984375,
-0.43359375,
0.1074829102,
0.2600097656,
-0.1811523438,
0.2983398438,
0.2366943359,
-0.0191650391,
-0.2824707031,
-0.7124023438,
-0.4985351562,
0.2003173828,
-0.0519104004,
-0.4223632812,
-1.0615234375,
0.5864257812,
-0.46875,
0.3703613281,
-0.2902832031,
1.0234375,
-0.0159301758,
-0.4748535156,
0.1302490234,
-0.1632080078,
-0.412109375,
1.158203125,
-0.1063232422,
-0.6928710938,
-0.7993164062,
-0.2008056641,
-0.4921875,
0.2338867188,
-0.76953125,
0.6157226562,
0.1564941406,
0.5024414062,
0.208984375,
0.0390319824,
-0.1046142578,
-0.5161132812,
-1,
-0.4731445312,
0.1905517578,
-0.673828125,
0.2687988281,
-1.05078125,
1.03515625,
0.5698242188,
-0.8315429688,
0.33203125,
-0.2401123047,
0.1522216797,
0.0805053711,
0.46484375,
-0.4091796875,
-0.7705078125
] |
His method was similar to the phasor representation, except that the "forces" were plane vectors rather than complex numbers; they could be added, and multiplied by scalars, but not (yet) multiplied and divided by each other. The explanation was algebraic rather than geometric. Knowledge of this method was assumed in a preliminary note on diffraction, dated 19 April 1818 and deposited on 20 April, in which Fresnel outlined the elementary theory of diffraction as found in modern textbooks. He restated Huygens's principle in combination with the superposition principle, saying that the vibration at each point on a wavefront is the sum of the vibrations that would be sent to it at that moment by all the elements of the wavefront in any of its previous positions, all elements acting separately . For a wavefront partly obstructed in a previous position, the summation was to be carried out over the unobstructed portion. In directions other than the normal to the primary wavefront, the secondary waves were weakened due to obliquity, but weakened much more by destructive interference, so that the effect of obliquity alone could be ignored. For diffraction by a straight edge, the intensity as a function of distance from the geometric shadow could then be expressed with sufficient accuracy in terms of what are now called the normalized Fresnel integrals:
The same note included a table of the integrals, for an upper limit ranging from 0 to 5.1 in steps of 0.1, computed with a mean error of 0.0003, plus a smaller table of maxima and minima of the resulting intensity. | [
-0.5458984375,
-0.2199707031,
0.0456848145,
-0.0038719177,
-0.146484375,
0.435546875,
0.4162597656,
0.4526367188,
0.9965820312,
0.2286376953,
0.4194335938,
0.1458740234,
0.0069084167,
-0.6625976562,
0.2502441406,
-0.3142089844,
-0.1577148438,
0.0053749084,
-0.7094726562,
0.3127441406,
-0.2030029297,
-0.6694335938,
-0.1571044922,
-0.8583984375,
-0.7124023438,
-0.3356933594,
0.3212890625,
0.2252197266,
-0.224609375,
-0.7504882812,
0.4558105469,
-0.3532714844,
-0.1545410156,
0.6293945312,
-0.5688476562,
0.8950195312,
-1.23828125,
0.1571044922,
-0.3103027344,
-0.2470703125,
-0.0501098633,
-1.1962890625,
-0.0806884766,
-0.5991210938,
-0.1113891602,
0.1275634766,
-0.2008056641,
-0.0876464844,
-0.1408691406,
-0.6333007812,
0.4643554688,
-1.197265625,
0.0259552002,
0.1966552734,
-0.181640625,
-0.84375,
-0.1838378906,
-0.8862304688,
1.1533203125,
0.37890625,
-0.6362304688,
0.3903808594,
-0.0343017578,
-0.3869628906,
1.3193359375,
-0.3051757812,
-0.4604492188,
-0.9365234375,
-0.6455078125,
0.1994628906,
-0.9580078125,
0.0708618164,
-0.1618652344,
-1.1552734375,
0.2075195312,
-0.3884277344,
-0.9033203125,
0.5615234375,
0.587890625,
0.693359375,
-0.4978027344,
-0.8525390625,
-0.7153320312,
-1.396484375,
-0.26953125,
-1.154296875,
0.3547363281,
-0.6108398438,
-0.8442382812,
1.0556640625,
0.0054321289,
0.0476989746,
-0.5346679688,
0.5776367188,
0.0422363281,
0.4953613281,
-0.3532714844,
-1.8896484375,
-1.412109375,
-0.513671875,
0.546875,
-0.6323242188,
0.8833007812,
-0.0625610352,
0.1199951172,
1.53125,
-0.7724609375,
-0.3630371094,
0.4165039062,
0.0003249645,
0.1381835938,
-0.5561523438,
0.4731445312,
-0.6147460938,
-0.7587890625,
0.7041015625,
-0.4921875,
-0.3115234375,
-0.7197265625,
-0.1333007812,
0.4790039062,
-0.2200927734,
-0.1953125,
-0.5048828125,
-0.009437561,
0.3967285156,
-0.2370605469,
-0.3093261719,
0.2578125,
0.1331787109,
-0.2524414062,
-0.2927246094,
-0.2033691406,
0.5454101562,
-0.2751464844,
-1.07421875,
-0.8393554688,
0.3466796875,
0.7817382812,
0.4296875,
0.2299804688,
0.43359375,
0.45703125,
-0.0357971191,
-0.1760253906,
-0.306640625,
-0.4907226562,
0.07421875,
0.5727539062,
0.2841796875,
-0.7495117188,
-0.3195800781,
0.6704101562,
0.4936523438,
-0.7646484375,
0.0000873804,
0.016418457,
0.3803710938,
-0.5600585938,
-0.3303222656,
-0.3796386719,
0.2044677734,
-0.1383056641,
-0.5908203125,
0.1669921875,
0.4506835938,
-0.0715942383,
-0.0258331299,
-0.0709228516,
0.5932617188,
-0.8041992188,
0.1708984375,
-0.1865234375,
0.1240844727,
-0.0502624512,
-1.1552734375,
0.3955078125,
0.4553222656,
-0.5185546875,
1.08203125,
0.6259765625,
-1.103515625,
0.0179138184,
-0.2075195312,
-0.1716308594,
-0.1824951172,
0.4929199219,
0.2247314453,
-0.5776367188,
-0.8447265625,
-0.0845336914,
0.9985351562,
-0.5659179688,
-0.4030761719,
-0.2534179688,
0.7177734375,
-1.0537109375,
-0.2043457031,
-0.1884765625,
0.0602111816,
0.1275634766,
1.177734375,
1.171875,
0.0163269043,
0.73828125,
-0.2376708984,
0.3168945312,
-0.049987793,
0.7573242188,
0.482421875,
0.2032470703,
1.142578125,
0.3244628906,
0.2365722656,
0.861328125,
0.0703125,
0.3061523438,
-0.2325439453,
0.138671875,
-1.1923828125,
1.1005859375,
0.1040649414,
-1.18359375,
0.130859375,
-1.4951171875,
-0.8364257812,
-0.6015625,
1.3271484375,
0.1791992188,
0.3762207031,
0.90625,
0.765625,
-0.8881835938,
-0.3635253906,
0.3979492188,
0.1295166016,
-0.3598632812,
-1.37890625,
-0.1624755859,
-0.4943847656,
-0.4165039062,
-0.6831054688,
-0.3637695312,
-1.021484375,
-0.0405273438,
-1.0185546875,
0.5229492188,
-0.0799560547,
0.1955566406,
1.1162109375,
-0.0258483887,
-0.5361328125,
0.9028320312,
0.865234375,
-0.5756835938,
1.080078125,
0.1134643555,
0.3723144531,
-0.1831054688,
0.8876953125,
-0.2266845703,
0.0887451172,
1.0966796875,
-0.8271484375,
-0.0641479492,
-0.3425292969,
0.7607421875,
0.2354736328,
-0.0166473389,
0.1479492188,
0.5063476562,
0.1483154297,
-1.0166015625,
-0.5698242188,
-0.4289550781,
-0.08203125,
-0.5073242188,
-1.0966796875,
0.837890625,
-0.5883789062,
0.2102050781,
-0.859375,
-0.5014648438,
-0.626953125,
0.5048828125,
0.71484375,
0.369140625,
-0.443359375,
-0.1970214844,
1.248046875,
-0.4384765625,
-0.048248291,
0.1264648438,
0.5190429688,
-0.1700439453,
-0.0897827148,
0.0336303711,
0.7060546875,
-0.7368164062,
-0.5366210938,
-0.2072753906,
1.4990234375,
0.6362304688,
-0.1928710938,
-0.2025146484,
0.6166992188,
-0.1846923828,
-0.4526367188,
-0.9624023438,
0.1381835938,
0.7221679688,
-0.2392578125,
0.0723876953,
-0.0499572754,
-1.1376953125,
-0.6840820312,
0.2824707031,
-0.5576171875,
0.5439453125,
-0.7719726562,
-0.0783081055,
0.6254882812,
-0.4658203125,
-0.069519043,
-0.1634521484,
0.5532226562,
0.0004515648,
-0.7104492188,
-0.7045898438,
0.2106933594,
0.8896484375,
0.337890625,
0.075012207,
1.25390625,
-0.7124023438,
0.2222900391,
0.3850097656,
0.2578125,
0.0311584473,
-0.2425537109,
0.0366516113,
-0.5083007812,
-0.7094726562,
-0.0186920166,
0.3435058594,
0.6879882812,
-1.568359375,
-0.1949462891,
0.7392578125,
-0.1078491211,
-0.7001953125,
-0.1276855469,
-0.2531738281,
-0.3190917969,
-0.0951538086,
0.2785644531,
-0.7236328125,
0.0234222412,
0.5131835938,
-0.3044433594,
-0.5048828125,
-0.5537109375,
-0.1940917969,
-0.2049560547,
-0.2375488281,
-0.6215820312,
0.7255859375,
0.7358398438,
0.4470214844,
-0.3918457031,
-0.1925048828,
-0.2381591797,
-0.7211914062,
0.3100585938,
0.0899047852,
-0.2139892578,
-1.08203125,
-0.4880371094,
-0.6235351562,
-0.2067871094,
-0.4194335938,
-0.43359375,
-1.1572265625,
-0.328125,
-0.1193847656,
-0.1004638672,
0.0751953125,
0.8779296875,
-0.5415039062,
0.6010742188,
0.865234375,
0.3129882812,
-0.0359191895,
0.2435302734,
-0.7202148438,
0.8920898438,
0.3435058594,
-1.1591796875,
-0.7216796875,
0.0576171875,
-0.0859985352,
-1.0576171875,
0.375,
0.0228118896,
-0.0701293945,
-0.3559570312,
2.4296875,
0.0405578613,
0.53125,
-0.2534179688,
-0.615234375,
-0.3217773438,
0.2357177734,
0.3483886719,
-1.3505859375,
0.3264160156,
1.1455078125,
0.6752929688,
-0.2819824219,
-0.0706787109,
-0.3093261719,
-0.544921875,
0.1478271484,
0.2797851562,
0.5717773438,
0.3940429688,
-0.78125,
0.2717285156,
0.0548095703,
-0.3249511719,
-0.1599121094,
0.0587463379,
0.2734375,
0.3237304688,
0.4794921875,
-0.8032226562,
0.1772460938,
-0.0009474754,
0.2440185547,
-0.2587890625,
-0.1925048828,
1.255859375,
-0.4848632812,
1.10546875,
0.4926757812,
-0.4733886719,
-0.1033935547,
-0.876953125,
0.2575683594,
-0.4033203125,
-0.6982421875,
0.95703125,
0.0472106934,
0.5893554688,
1.36328125,
-0.5678710938,
0.673828125,
-0.2108154297,
-0.3754882812,
-0.2062988281,
0.6240234375,
-0.419921875,
0.2003173828,
0.3474121094,
-0.0027599335,
-1.5810546875,
0.2321777344,
1.2353515625,
-0.9692382812,
-0.1633300781,
0.1846923828,
-0.1682128906,
-1.2197265625,
-1.2314453125,
-0.1491699219,
-0.0299377441,
0.0815429688,
-0.4965820312,
-0.2224121094,
-0.2722167969,
0.8422851562,
0.1088867188,
-0.6225585938,
-0.0401306152,
0.2036132812,
-0.5693359375,
-0.1826171875,
-0.2316894531,
-0.3356933594,
-0.923828125,
0.2995605469,
0.203125,
-0.0062522888,
0.073425293,
0.0325317383,
-0.5737304688,
-1.140625,
-0.3271484375,
-1.8720703125,
-0.0031280518,
0.0214080811,
-0.2071533203,
0.1678466797,
-0.6689453125,
-0.0640869141,
1.0654296875,
-0.5439453125,
0.51953125,
1.556640625,
0.4125976562,
-0.9125976562,
-0.4382324219,
0.1318359375,
-0.1602783203,
-0.2707519531,
-0.2498779297,
0.3513183594,
0.619140625,
-0.5405273438,
0.4624023438,
0.4118652344,
0.0657348633,
0.0070571899,
-0.7026367188,
-0.2259521484,
1.064453125,
-0.3181152344,
-0.1988525391,
-0.4924316406,
0.1235961914,
1.48046875,
0.028213501,
0.1539306641,
-0.3061523438,
-0.904296875,
-0.1628417969,
0.90234375,
1.7919921875,
0.751953125,
0.4738769531,
0.177734375,
-0.4067382812,
-0.0640869141,
0.2022705078,
-0.50390625,
1.5634765625,
0.7192382812,
0.0360717773,
-0.4763183594,
0.931640625,
-0.6279296875,
-0.2225341797,
0.6279296875,
-0.1796875,
-0.8212890625,
0.1517333984,
-0.3735351562,
-0.2509765625,
0.2219238281,
-0.0468139648,
-0.4084472656,
0.44921875,
0.1966552734,
-0.759765625,
-0.1916503906,
-0.4714355469,
0.0947875977,
0.2712402344,
-0.3569335938,
-0.5424804688,
-0.1853027344,
-0.8920898438,
0.5590820312,
0.1640625,
-0.4243164062,
0.4907226562,
0.4624023438,
-0.490234375,
-0.4924316406,
-0.462890625,
-0.2800292969,
-0.1851806641,
-0.0749511719,
0.2976074219,
0.3049316406,
0.220703125,
0.4387207031,
-0.73828125,
-0.9560546875,
-0.1760253906,
-0.1507568359,
-0.1804199219,
0.6528320312,
0.4951171875,
0.6396484375,
0.33984375,
-0.9584960938,
0.0732421875,
0.5190429688,
-0.0765991211,
0.2030029297,
0.0351867676,
-0.2624511719,
0.7900390625,
1.1796875,
-0.1665039062,
0.2619628906,
0.3273925781,
0.8330078125,
0.5087890625,
-0.0869750977,
-0.2631835938,
0.3447265625,
-1.087890625,
0.104675293,
0.7705078125,
0.4194335938,
-0.2707519531,
-0.13671875,
-2.529296875,
0.1643066406,
0.7314453125,
-0.1512451172,
0.3537597656,
0.4975585938,
-0.0083007812,
-0.4187011719,
0.2829589844,
-0.4262695312,
0.8276367188,
-0.6010742188,
-0.7543945312,
0.2717285156,
0.2114257812,
-0.0717163086,
0.4174804688,
-0.3283691406,
1.3681640625,
0.1920166016,
0.3344726562,
0.5043945312,
-0.341796875,
-0.2325439453,
0.0455932617,
0.5864257812,
-0.4111328125,
0.5971679688,
0.5224609375,
-1.384765625,
0.8217773438,
0.353515625,
0.4692382812,
0.1511230469,
-0.578125,
-0.0587158203,
0.1254882812,
-0.2248535156,
-0.4880371094,
1.1318359375,
-0.2861328125,
0.8354492188,
0.2546386719,
0.4660644531,
0.0913085938,
0.0935668945,
1.20703125,
0.7485351562,
-0.5053710938,
-0.3625488281,
-1.0888671875,
0.1932373047,
-0.2360839844,
-0.0573425293,
1.3857421875,
-0.2467041016,
-0.1221313477,
-0.357421875,
-0.3134765625,
-0.60546875,
0.7265625,
-0.2702636719,
0.2517089844,
-0.5502929688,
0.2076416016,
-0.8061523438,
-0.1630859375,
-1.5283203125,
0.84375,
-0.6645507812,
0.4506835938,
0.3298339844,
0.3737792969,
-1.478515625,
-0.4040527344,
-0.7260742188,
-1.1201171875,
-0.494140625,
0.8159179688,
-0.2194824219,
0.8115234375,
0.7202148438,
-0.2534179688,
-1.087890625,
-0.0545959473,
-0.4548339844,
-0.0643310547,
0.063293457,
0.1551513672,
-0.0210418701,
-0.826171875,
-1.2900390625,
-0.1953125,
0.2454833984,
0.2475585938,
0.2631835938,
-0.7763671875,
-0.52734375,
1.3046875,
0.8950195312,
0.970703125,
-0.2751464844,
0.6171875,
-0.4311523438,
0.4926757812,
-0.5190429688,
1.3388671875,
0.3818359375,
0.0882568359,
0.3576660156,
0.1247558594,
-0.6586914062,
-0.0419921875,
0.5068359375,
-0.5747070312,
-0.7509765625,
0.24609375,
1.15234375,
-0.4702148438,
-0.1007080078,
0.6606445312,
-0.634765625,
-0.4306640625,
-0.5307617188,
0.0802612305,
0.2629394531,
0.0284576416,
1.201171875,
0.3073730469,
0.1704101562,
-0.0263671875,
-0.0205841064,
0.1320800781,
1.08984375,
-0.4455566406,
-0.0289306641,
0.0994873047,
-0.712890625,
-0.0069084167,
0.5717773438,
0.0745849609,
-0.3198242188,
-0.0333862305,
-0.7104492188,
-0.1898193359,
0.2371826172,
0.3454589844,
-0.470703125,
0.755859375,
0.1820068359,
1.263671875,
-0.0690917969,
0.630859375,
0.2199707031,
-0.6723632812,
-0.0152359009,
-0.3527832031,
0.0782470703,
-1.2626953125,
0.0301208496,
-0.2770996094,
-0.4321289062,
-0.0969238281,
-0.4230957031,
0.544921875,
-0.6450195312,
0.3793945312,
-0.2047119141,
1.1337890625,
-0.6967773438,
-0.6313476562,
0.2390136719,
-0.0661621094,
-0.0966186523,
0.5249023438,
0.400390625,
0.6064453125,
-0.0370178223,
-0.896484375,
0.4736328125,
-0.2467041016,
0.4736328125,
-0.3859863281,
0.0274353027,
-0.1849365234,
-2.056640625,
-0.7114257812,
0.5322265625,
0.2707519531,
-0.0469360352,
0.6015625,
0.4997558594,
0.4660644531,
0.2795410156,
-0.3081054688,
0.5888671875,
-0.5375976562,
0.78515625,
0.732421875,
0.1032104492,
0.6098632812,
0.0688476562,
-0.8974609375,
-0.1234741211,
0.1284179688,
0.8647460938,
0.7255859375,
0.1671142578,
-0.0559387207,
-1.2373046875,
-0.392578125,
0.009147644,
0.591796875,
0.0157775879,
-0.6142578125,
0.4606933594,
1.201171875,
0.2255859375,
0.3840332031,
0.7758789062,
-0.0583190918,
-0.1054077148,
-0.4140625,
0.5400390625,
-0.4868164062,
-0.7241210938,
-0.197265625,
0.2641601562,
-0.33203125,
-0.2171630859,
-0.5107421875,
-0.8833007812,
-0.3032226562,
-0.0784912109,
-0.2432861328,
0.4313964844,
-0.447265625,
0.0682373047,
-0.5693359375,
-0.1527099609,
-0.1772460938,
0.3293457031,
1.0947265625,
-0.1948242188,
-0.2438964844,
0.4428710938,
-0.560546875,
-0.810546875,
0.0966186523,
-0.2097167969,
0.5668945312,
1.06640625,
-0.5532226562,
0.1477050781,
-0.6020507812,
-0.3740234375,
0.2722167969,
-0.7431640625,
-0.8359375,
-1.2373046875,
-0.1909179688,
0.034942627,
0.8510742188,
0.3918457031,
0.3017578125,
0.8959960938,
0.29296875,
0.0518493652,
-0.0005979538,
-0.1657714844,
-0.8994140625,
-0.0425720215,
-0.1220092773,
0.900390625,
0.3471679688,
0.2314453125,
-0.0880126953,
0.0994262695,
0.5717773438,
-0.0038757324,
-0.086730957,
-0.0249938965,
0.2814941406,
0.1240234375,
0.0668945312,
0.365234375,
-0.0803833008,
0.2956542969,
-0.3933105469,
0.7797851562,
-0.4987792969,
-0.8759765625,
0.0299377441,
-0.4338378906,
-0.97265625,
0.9038085938,
-0.1843261719,
0.1047973633,
0.2283935547,
0.3796386719,
0.1525878906,
-0.0215911865,
-0.1956787109,
0.1712646484,
-0.2980957031,
0.2033691406,
0.7138671875,
0.0645141602,
-0.1074829102,
0.57421875,
-0.3747558594,
-0.0404663086,
0.9624023438,
-0.2381591797,
-0.740234375,
0.3740234375,
0.7504882812,
0.7153320312,
-0.1873779297,
0.3703613281,
-0.9438476562,
0.322265625,
-0.6904296875,
-14.3046875,
-1.1416015625,
-0.2290039062,
0.6606445312,
-1.1689453125,
0.4655761719,
0.022857666,
-0.2744140625,
-0.2512207031,
-0.3249511719,
0.3869628906,
1.1865234375,
0.0274047852,
-0.0188446045,
0.1249389648,
0.0323486328,
-0.1717529297,
-0.7817382812,
-1.1025390625,
0.8393554688,
0.1862792969,
0.28515625,
-1.365234375,
0.9287109375,
-1.1162109375,
0.6005859375,
1.32421875,
-0.2022705078,
0.0368041992,
1.310546875,
-0.578125,
-0.2548828125,
-0.3640136719,
0.1448974609,
-0.1430664062,
-0.6030273438,
-0.063293457,
0.681640625,
0.6381835938,
-0.0003988743,
-1.125,
-0.431640625,
-0.3981933594,
-0.29296875,
0.49609375,
1.005859375,
-0.78515625,
-0.81640625,
-0.0853881836,
-0.771484375,
0.5161132812,
1.421875,
0.3784179688,
-0.48046875,
-0.9521484375,
-0.501953125,
-0.654296875,
0.5649414062,
-0.5986328125,
0.3198242188,
-0.7368164062,
1.294921875,
0.7841796875,
-0.2607421875,
-0.1072387695,
-0.677734375,
-1.23828125,
0.0812988281,
0.0693969727,
-0.3134765625,
0.0763549805,
-0.255859375,
1.341796875,
1.076171875,
0.1278076172,
0.7436523438,
0.541015625,
-0.1768798828,
0.1717529297,
0.4167480469,
0.0186920166,
-0.2030029297
] |
In his final "Memoir on the diffraction of light", deposited on 29 July and bearing the Latin epigraph "Natura simplex et fecunda" ("Nature simple and fertile"), Fresnel slightly expanded the two tables without changing the existing figures, except for a correction to the first minimum of intensity. For completeness, he repeated his solution to "the problem of interference", whereby sinusoidal functions are added like vectors. He acknowledged the directionality of the secondary sources and the variation in their distances from the observation point, chiefly to explain why these things make negligible difference in the context, provided of course that the secondary sources do not radiate in the retrograde direction. Then, applying his theory of interference to the secondary waves, he expressed the intensity of light diffracted by a single straight edge (half-plane) in terms of integrals which involved the dimensions of the problem, but which could be converted to the normalized forms above. With reference to the integrals, he explained the calculation of the maxima and minima of the intensity (external fringes), and noted that the calculated intensity falls very rapidly as one moves into the geometric shadow. The last result, as Olivier Darrigol says, "amounts to a proof of the rectilinear propagation of light in the wave theory, indeed the first proof that a modern physicist would still accept." | [
-0.2509765625,
0.1304931641,
-0.236328125,
-0.0684204102,
-0.0354309082,
0.3317871094,
0.765625,
0.7431640625,
0.2012939453,
0.3005371094,
-0.2138671875,
0.0395812988,
-0.0395812988,
-0.548828125,
0.1879882812,
0.1873779297,
-0.1888427734,
-0.0374450684,
-0.7602539062,
0.373046875,
-0.990234375,
0.1904296875,
-0.0497741699,
-0.640625,
-1.2265625,
0.0514221191,
0.5634765625,
-0.6259765625,
0.0414428711,
0.0312042236,
0.6713867188,
0.3586425781,
0.1193237305,
0.3767089844,
-0.4050292969,
0.5668945312,
-1.1630859375,
0.2504882812,
-0.3911132812,
-0.0055389404,
-0.5883789062,
-1.5546875,
0.2088623047,
-0.5620117188,
-0.68359375,
-0.116394043,
-0.1391601562,
0.2408447266,
-0.0522155762,
-1.21875,
-0.3127441406,
-1.0869140625,
-0.2502441406,
-0.2055664062,
0.0673217773,
-0.7241210938,
-0.4768066406,
-0.0137252808,
1.01171875,
-0.1293945312,
-0.4821777344,
0.1791992188,
-0.0688476562,
-0.2038574219,
0.9873046875,
-0.9799804688,
-0.0190124512,
-1.412109375,
-0.2272949219,
0.62890625,
-0.6499023438,
0.1890869141,
-0.3474121094,
-1.14453125,
-0.8901367188,
-0.2607421875,
-0.7036132812,
0.6748046875,
0.3325195312,
0.6196289062,
-0.4592285156,
-0.013710022,
-0.2202148438,
-0.9516601562,
-0.8564453125,
-0.8149414062,
0.9848632812,
-0.1258544922,
-0.4462890625,
1.8017578125,
0.2010498047,
-0.0187072754,
-0.6484375,
0.5244140625,
-0.2196044922,
0.2425537109,
-0.7265625,
-2.181640625,
-1.76953125,
-0.5952148438,
0.2076416016,
-0.1104125977,
0.7446289062,
-0.1173095703,
-0.2327880859,
1.9541015625,
-0.2498779297,
0.4660644531,
-0.3681640625,
0.1331787109,
0.0521240234,
-0.3344726562,
0.537109375,
-0.2327880859,
-0.60546875,
0.4499511719,
-0.2462158203,
-0.5600585938,
-0.7456054688,
-0.4006347656,
0.2462158203,
-0.4423828125,
-0.3037109375,
-0.2583007812,
0.5844726562,
0.3740234375,
-0.4443359375,
-0.0209655762,
0.4816894531,
0.0028476715,
-0.096496582,
-0.5786132812,
-0.0503234863,
-0.0896606445,
-0.1536865234,
-0.92578125,
-1.712890625,
-0.146484375,
-0.2231445312,
0.1604003906,
-0.0454711914,
0.2126464844,
-0.3947753906,
-0.0021190643,
-0.4287109375,
-0.8544921875,
-0.067565918,
0.0654907227,
0.529296875,
0.3413085938,
-0.3796386719,
0.4301757812,
0.3264160156,
0.5795898438,
0.1064453125,
0.0714111328,
-0.2934570312,
0.3061523438,
0.2941894531,
-0.0146408081,
-0.2467041016,
-0.2766113281,
-0.5546875,
-0.8984375,
0.1361083984,
1.181640625,
-0.4084472656,
-0.9145507812,
-0.2321777344,
1.064453125,
-0.748046875,
0.537109375,
-0.0508422852,
0.1590576172,
-0.1925048828,
-1.2265625,
0.4509277344,
0.0375061035,
-0.0772705078,
0.7939453125,
0.2375488281,
-1.2158203125,
0.3901367188,
-0.2375488281,
-0.5888671875,
0.0282592773,
0.090637207,
0.2595214844,
-0.1330566406,
0.0069732666,
-0.1390380859,
0.7490234375,
0.2401123047,
-0.5688476562,
-0.4448242188,
0.6889648438,
-0.8452148438,
0.78515625,
-0.0271453857,
0.265625,
-0.1629638672,
0.6069335938,
0.654296875,
-0.0083465576,
0.4379882812,
0.1286621094,
0.0759277344,
0.1958007812,
0.5463867188,
0.9248046875,
0.8002929688,
0.69921875,
0.2592773438,
0.4899902344,
0.3728027344,
0.009513855,
0.3234863281,
0.2369384766,
0.33984375,
-1.5556640625,
0.533203125,
0.0178375244,
-1.119140625,
0.4919433594,
-1.037109375,
-0.5092773438,
-0.4309082031,
1.7841796875,
0.271484375,
0.1221313477,
0.4755859375,
0.0753173828,
-0.763671875,
0.0420532227,
0.8032226562,
0.0952758789,
-0.1759033203,
-1.4453125,
0.7260742188,
-0.0365905762,
-0.4963378906,
-0.5043945312,
-0.2980957031,
-0.2934570312,
0.3439941406,
-0.4606933594,
0.8046875,
0.0606079102,
0.4279785156,
1.0986328125,
0.2546386719,
-0.8671875,
0.5888671875,
0.3029785156,
-0.3676757812,
1.6474609375,
-0.2668457031,
0.7553710938,
-0.1879882812,
0.1236572266,
-0.2666015625,
0.62890625,
1.0205078125,
-0.7744140625,
-0.3181152344,
-0.5639648438,
0.061706543,
0.0752563477,
-0.0015106201,
-0.0674438477,
0.6333007812,
-0.8569335938,
-1.6083984375,
-0.5903320312,
-0.2355957031,
-0.6723632812,
-0.7373046875,
-0.3413085938,
0.2712402344,
-0.5473632812,
0.2758789062,
-0.8623046875,
-0.5083007812,
-0.4855957031,
0.4165039062,
0.6108398438,
1.3974609375,
-0.708984375,
-0.1510009766,
1.05859375,
-0.2360839844,
0.2604980469,
-0.2364501953,
0.1690673828,
-0.6889648438,
-0.1994628906,
-0.1791992188,
0.6782226562,
-0.8447265625,
-0.2763671875,
0.2934570312,
0.4489746094,
-0.0092315674,
0.4267578125,
0.8369140625,
0.5581054688,
-0.2907714844,
-0.0565490723,
-0.5151367188,
0.2509765625,
0.2604980469,
-0.0406799316,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2115478516,
-1.1669921875,
-0.4934082031,
-0.6450195312,
-0.1622314453,
0.7729492188,
-0.8857421875,
-0.0201721191,
0.8427734375,
-0.3334960938,
-0.1227416992,
-0.4443359375,
0.2631835938,
0.1048583984,
-1.2119140625,
-0.2163085938,
0.15625,
1.1181640625,
-0.0522766113,
-0.6313476562,
0.8891601562,
-0.314453125,
0.0831298828,
1.376953125,
0.6240234375,
0.3796386719,
-0.3876953125,
-0.5239257812,
-0.3649902344,
-0.1590576172,
0.2788085938,
0.30078125,
0.4467773438,
-1.291015625,
-0.5004882812,
0.7514648438,
-0.1550292969,
-0.2448730469,
-0.2658691406,
-0.2761230469,
-0.0502929688,
-0.7895507812,
0.6909179688,
-0.509765625,
-0.2360839844,
0.5126953125,
-0.2330322266,
-0.0382995605,
-0.7578125,
-0.1510009766,
0.0587463379,
-0.5092773438,
-0.0185852051,
0.1639404297,
0.630859375,
1.494140625,
-0.1600341797,
-0.2556152344,
0.2084960938,
-0.576171875,
0.3510742188,
-0.5727539062,
-0.0864868164,
-0.8125,
0.1809082031,
-0.544921875,
-0.2396240234,
-0.3784179688,
-0.7661132812,
-1.30078125,
0.2019042969,
0.0958862305,
-0.3400878906,
-0.0949707031,
0.1351318359,
-0.2958984375,
0.1982421875,
0.759765625,
0.5610351562,
0.0944824219,
-0.0819702148,
-0.0340881348,
0.3684082031,
0.1109008789,
-0.931640625,
-0.6909179688,
-0.4184570312,
-0.0361938477,
-0.8393554688,
-0.0283203125,
0.7065429688,
-0.2478027344,
-0.6435546875,
1.6513671875,
0.2746582031,
0.5234375,
-0.0992431641,
-0.1385498047,
-0.4494628906,
-0.0161743164,
0.0712890625,
-0.2369384766,
0.1644287109,
0.4489746094,
0.1658935547,
-0.40234375,
-0.2243652344,
-0.6508789062,
-0.1286621094,
0.3383789062,
0.0545349121,
0.74609375,
1.0107421875,
0.0370483398,
1.1220703125,
-0.2702636719,
-0.0828857422,
-1.052734375,
-0.116027832,
0.2170410156,
0.3098144531,
0.4702148438,
-0.205078125,
0.3115234375,
-0.3969726562,
-0.2104492188,
-1.0869140625,
-0.2927246094,
1.3662109375,
-0.7006835938,
0.4953613281,
0.1695556641,
0.1920166016,
-0.0848999023,
-0.8139648438,
0.4069824219,
-0.5341796875,
-0.9931640625,
0.662109375,
0.1185302734,
0.703125,
0.7241210938,
-0.6469726562,
0.1339111328,
-0.3911132812,
-0.6127929688,
-0.3840332031,
0.3776855469,
-0.1314697266,
0.0228271484,
0.0956420898,
-0.0280761719,
-1.0634765625,
-0.3486328125,
0.3173828125,
-0.7275390625,
-0.0144424438,
0.0860595703,
-0.54296875,
-1.478515625,
-0.5278320312,
0.1022338867,
0.4118652344,
-0.2082519531,
0.3198242188,
-0.1455078125,
-0.4306640625,
1.48828125,
-0.0584411621,
-0.6645507812,
0.0039825439,
0.3896484375,
-1.0078125,
-0.3786621094,
0.2420654297,
-0.0020465851,
-1.234375,
0.0467529297,
0.3637695312,
0.2366943359,
0.4443359375,
0.2222900391,
0.2524414062,
-1.283203125,
-0.4287109375,
-1.6103515625,
-0.5317382812,
-0.3732910156,
-0.2653808594,
0.1182861328,
-0.7749023438,
0.1176757812,
0.935546875,
-0.6171875,
-0.2077636719,
1.66015625,
0.5668945312,
-0.5385742188,
-0.1939697266,
0.0541687012,
-0.1286621094,
-0.185546875,
-0.8251953125,
-0.0101699829,
-0.2084960938,
-0.2015380859,
-0.3298339844,
0.64453125,
-0.0722045898,
0.6166992188,
0.3833007812,
-0.9658203125,
0.4880371094,
-0.055480957,
0.1826171875,
-0.0452880859,
0.1054077148,
1.556640625,
0.1110839844,
-0.2215576172,
0.1593017578,
-0.6455078125,
-0.3981933594,
1.5205078125,
1.4013671875,
0.2822265625,
0.3579101562,
0.0884399414,
-0.0345458984,
0.142578125,
0.0951538086,
-0.310546875,
1.0302734375,
0.4479980469,
0.693359375,
-0.5654296875,
0.8671875,
-0.623046875,
-0.5209960938,
0.3449707031,
-0.0057907104,
-0.5307617188,
0.0208892822,
-0.4396972656,
-0.4086914062,
0.4704589844,
0.2055664062,
-0.2573242188,
0.68359375,
-0.0480651855,
-0.6806640625,
-0.0214080811,
-0.0569763184,
-0.2265625,
-0.4597167969,
-0.3420410156,
0.1119384766,
-0.7358398438,
-0.8100585938,
1.3037109375,
0.027633667,
-0.1707763672,
0.0473937988,
0.1844482422,
-0.6489257812,
-0.0231170654,
-0.2736816406,
-0.0557861328,
-0.2335205078,
0.7924804688,
0.4729003906,
-0.2258300781,
0.6000976562,
0.3232421875,
-0.9208984375,
-0.2200927734,
-0.0635986328,
0.0592041016,
-1.1142578125,
0.0848999023,
0.0858154297,
0.3823242188,
0.2229003906,
-0.7802734375,
0.4970703125,
0.7880859375,
-0.0299072266,
0.4973144531,
-0.4699707031,
-0.100402832,
0.6225585938,
0.91796875,
-0.5107421875,
0.046295166,
0.3073730469,
0.5581054688,
1.27734375,
0.4990234375,
0.1116333008,
0.6049804688,
-0.4523925781,
0.2839355469,
0.4997558594,
-0.0566101074,
-0.1555175781,
0.1823730469,
-2.720703125,
-0.3103027344,
0.4738769531,
-0.4055175781,
-0.6557617188,
1.779296875,
-0.0054283142,
-0.5639648438,
0.8588867188,
-0.9799804688,
-0.0103225708,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2175292969,
0.1571044922,
0.2902832031,
-0.0777587891,
0.4340820312,
-0.5751953125,
0.5034179688,
0.5405273438,
0.2922363281,
0.44140625,
-0.6049804688,
-0.3483886719,
-0.2418212891,
1.1484375,
-0.5415039062,
1.1865234375,
0.62109375,
-1.3671875,
0.5317382812,
0.3549804688,
0.76171875,
0.2265625,
-0.470703125,
-0.4248046875,
0.0863037109,
-0.5629882812,
-0.8564453125,
1.26171875,
-0.7504882812,
0.8588867188,
0.3815917969,
0.0164794922,
-0.4865722656,
0.1508789062,
0.9790039062,
1.30078125,
-0.298828125,
-0.783203125,
-0.7353515625,
0.4528808594,
-0.302734375,
-0.4743652344,
1.6552734375,
-0.2705078125,
-0.1133422852,
-0.9946289062,
-0.0135269165,
-0.59375,
1.1728515625,
-0.2897949219,
-0.3510742188,
-0.60546875,
0.4543457031,
0.2548828125,
-0.4057617188,
-1.158203125,
0.9677734375,
-0.8090820312,
0.7006835938,
-0.0728759766,
0.2097167969,
-1.4736328125,
-1.1591796875,
-0.9526367188,
-0.8681640625,
-0.1287841797,
-0.4064941406,
-0.2785644531,
0.1013793945,
0.85546875,
-0.5,
-0.6762695312,
0.1624755859,
-0.6010742188,
-0.0467529297,
0.3955078125,
-0.3029785156,
0.2749023438,
-0.8159179688,
-0.8759765625,
-0.0183563232,
0.3076171875,
-0.5844726562,
-0.2709960938,
-1.1904296875,
-1.154296875,
1.9501953125,
0.9287109375,
0.3393554688,
0.1156005859,
1.2216796875,
-0.8837890625,
-0.0316467285,
-0.4304199219,
1.64453125,
0.9721679688,
0.162109375,
0.0858764648,
0.2276611328,
-0.58984375,
0.0776977539,
0.357421875,
-1.134765625,
-0.0006957054,
-0.0759277344,
0.5185546875,
-0.2795410156,
0.1395263672,
1.396484375,
-0.6708984375,
-0.9379882812,
0.2565917969,
-0.5141601562,
0.2149658203,
0.2927246094,
1.3017578125,
1.533203125,
0.3212890625,
0.6206054688,
0.3181152344,
-0.2919921875,
0.4291992188,
-0.7963867188,
-0.1879882812,
-1.12109375,
-1.01953125,
-0.8198242188,
0.8334960938,
0.4716796875,
-0.7353515625,
0.4978027344,
-0.5805664062,
-0.3884277344,
-0.1893310547,
0.1142578125,
-0.1448974609,
1.193359375,
-0.2022705078,
1.2548828125,
0.1527099609,
0.8608398438,
0.3955078125,
-0.0486755371,
0.326171875,
-0.2165527344,
-0.0458984375,
-1.04296875,
0.1640625,
-0.3171386719,
-0.771484375,
-0.2158203125,
-0.1241455078,
0.3874511719,
-0.2424316406,
0.2529296875,
0.3354492188,
1.095703125,
-1.5,
-0.5288085938,
0.1849365234,
0.018371582,
0.0245361328,
0.2215576172,
-0.2810058594,
0.0998535156,
-0.2724609375,
0.0545043945,
-0.1798095703,
-0.8764648438,
-0.2376708984,
-0.2631835938,
0.0385742188,
-0.1212158203,
-1.8798828125,
-0.2580566406,
0.5014648438,
-0.1251220703,
0.9819335938,
0.2391357422,
0.4086914062,
0.9111328125,
0.87109375,
-0.1275634766,
0.4770507812,
-0.098815918,
0.7377929688,
0.4343261719,
0.91796875,
0.6625976562,
0.1977539062,
-0.7954101562,
0.4643554688,
-0.3225097656,
1.111328125,
0.7270507812,
-0.4621582031,
-0.2563476562,
-0.1362304688,
0.1492919922,
-0.0544433594,
1.4736328125,
0.0841674805,
-0.650390625,
0.6103515625,
1.392578125,
0.3601074219,
0.0582275391,
-0.2573242188,
0.0739135742,
0.85546875,
-0.359375,
0.59765625,
0.2104492188,
-0.4987792969,
0.0484008789,
0.0944213867,
-0.3889160156,
0.073425293,
-0.7983398438,
-0.5708007812,
-0.1497802734,
-0.7021484375,
-0.8071289062,
-0.0721435547,
-0.0479125977,
-0.4084472656,
-0.7788085938,
0.3444824219,
-0.4599609375,
0.5073242188,
0.8325195312,
-0.7260742188,
-0.9526367188,
-0.1546630859,
-0.2177734375,
-0.1428222656,
-0.3984375,
-0.1185302734,
0.0433654785,
0.8793945312,
-0.6000976562,
0.1279296875,
-0.7426757812,
0.1215820312,
-0.4665527344,
-0.5786132812,
-0.53515625,
-0.5810546875,
-0.1409912109,
0.0600280762,
0.6831054688,
0.3718261719,
0.2301025391,
1.189453125,
-0.0499572754,
0.4008789062,
0.5419921875,
0.0372314453,
-0.5288085938,
-0.1446533203,
0.2443847656,
1.1845703125,
0.1025390625,
0.4836425781,
0.1915283203,
0.49609375,
0.3764648438,
0.0104446411,
-0.5693359375,
0.9604492188,
-0.1904296875,
0.0164031982,
0.1683349609,
0.4035644531,
-0.1422119141,
0.3022460938,
-1.0009765625,
0.3752441406,
-0.4975585938,
-1.2626953125,
-0.1469726562,
-0.7788085938,
-0.3823242188,
0.6938476562,
-0.1051635742,
0.9169921875,
-0.2790527344,
0.2844238281,
0.1895751953,
-0.3283691406,
0.2958984375,
0.1026000977,
-0.7202148438,
-0.4155273438,
0.3430175781,
0.0701904297,
-0.3325195312,
-0.0146713257,
0.2729492188,
-0.3466796875,
0.779296875,
-0.3408203125,
-0.0525512695,
0.3002929688,
1.7138671875,
1.267578125,
0.1860351562,
0.4448242188,
-0.6362304688,
0.4086914062,
-0.865234375,
-13.546875,
-1.8330078125,
-0.3168945312,
-0.1857910156,
-1.1025390625,
0.4821777344,
0.4763183594,
-1.30078125,
-0.40234375,
0.0167236328,
0.751953125,
0.8530273438,
0.3708496094,
0.3237304688,
0.5229492188,
0.0700683594,
0.1357421875,
-1.298828125,
-0.98046875,
0.1016235352,
0.6333007812,
0.3493652344,
-1.171875,
0.3569335938,
-0.1157836914,
-0.1502685547,
0.8774414062,
-0.6083984375,
0.3720703125,
1.0732421875,
-0.3547363281,
-0.1560058594,
0.0036659241,
0.658203125,
-0.6596679688,
-0.3920898438,
0.2410888672,
0.705078125,
0.3432617188,
-0.2685546875,
-1.8740234375,
-0.111328125,
0.1235961914,
-0.0532226562,
0.4328613281,
0.6943359375,
-0.6821289062,
-0.8745117188,
0.2130126953,
-0.1966552734,
-0.2829589844,
1.41796875,
0.4008789062,
-0.3447265625,
-0.9711914062,
-1.0498046875,
-0.6538085938,
1.0400390625,
-0.1453857422,
-0.2099609375,
-0.0113449097,
1.2255859375,
0.7353515625,
-0.0856323242,
-0.587890625,
-0.5405273438,
-1.31640625,
-0.4233398438,
0.2756347656,
-0.3249511719,
0.408203125,
-0.1383056641,
1.615234375,
0.677734375,
0.1102294922,
0.42578125,
0.3684082031,
0.0239868164,
-0.822265625,
-0.0011043549,
-0.0357971191,
-0.4621582031
] |
For the experimental testing of his calculations, Fresnel used red light with a wavelength of 638nm, which he deduced from the diffraction pattern in the simple case in which light incident on a single slit was focused by a cylindrical lens. For a variety of distances from the source to the obstacle and from the obstacle to the field point, he compared the calculated and observed positions of the fringes for diffraction by a half-plane, a slit, and a narrow strip – concentrating on the minima, which were visually sharper than the maxima. For the slit and the strip, he could not use the previously computed table of maxima and minima; for each combination of dimensions, the intensity had to be expressed in terms of sums or differences of Fresnel integrals and calculated from the table of integrals, and the extrema had to be calculated anew. The agreement between calculation and measurement was better than 1.5% in almost every case. Near the end of the memoir, Fresnel summed up the difference between Huygens's use of secondary waves and his own: whereas Huygens says there is light only where the secondary waves exactly agree, Fresnel says there is complete darkness only where the secondary waves exactly cancel out. The judging committee comprised Laplace, Biot, and Poisson (all corpuscularists), Gay-Lussac (uncommitted), and Arago, who eventually wrote the committee's report. Although entries in the competition were supposed to be anonymous to the judges, Fresnel's must have been recognizable by the content. | [
-0.640625,
-0.1038208008,
-0.2369384766,
-0.93359375,
-0.1411132812,
0.2822265625,
0.564453125,
0.0571594238,
-0.100402832,
-0.0596618652,
-0.4670410156,
-0.1152954102,
0.193359375,
-0.3896484375,
0.5268554688,
0.0341186523,
0.0073127747,
-0.3210449219,
-1.0771484375,
0.4470214844,
-0.3815917969,
-0.4506835938,
-0.2171630859,
-0.271484375,
-0.8994140625,
0.2746582031,
0.9018554688,
0.1900634766,
-0.26953125,
-0.6586914062,
-0.0111541748,
0.4909667969,
-0.4331054688,
0.0680541992,
0.1622314453,
0.9951171875,
-1.0205078125,
-0.1201782227,
-0.548828125,
-0.4340820312,
-0.6196289062,
-0.5532226562,
-0.3798828125,
-0.978515625,
-0.6674804688,
0.5708007812,
0.1970214844,
0.328125,
-0.4875488281,
-0.7846679688,
0.1877441406,
-0.9204101562,
0.0778808594,
0.0900268555,
-0.0183868408,
-0.8330078125,
-0.1122436523,
-0.0798950195,
0.8618164062,
0.4150390625,
-0.4575195312,
0.4304199219,
-0.0438537598,
-0.2707519531,
1.38671875,
-0.8920898438,
-0.0262298584,
-1.552734375,
0.0678100586,
0.6977539062,
-0.9907226562,
0.5141601562,
-0.4755859375,
-0.7421875,
-0.3291015625,
0.1577148438,
-1.2099609375,
0.7075195312,
-0.4182128906,
0.5947265625,
-0.96484375,
-0.3139648438,
-1.0283203125,
-0.67578125,
-0.9555664062,
-1.5947265625,
-0.2543945312,
-0.6640625,
-0.69140625,
1.62109375,
-0.2493896484,
-0.4172363281,
-0.2386474609,
0.5576171875,
-0.7543945312,
-0.3798828125,
-0.4638671875,
-2.322265625,
-1.6484375,
0.0646972656,
0.3024902344,
-0.4123535156,
0.7348632812,
0.0225524902,
0.0187530518,
1.6337890625,
-0.3188476562,
-0.3767089844,
0.4458007812,
-0.3627929688,
-0.0392456055,
-0.3308105469,
0.1701660156,
-0.2082519531,
-0.6245117188,
0.3002929688,
-0.80859375,
0.0611572266,
-0.9653320312,
-0.2235107422,
0.6196289062,
0.2541503906,
0.0019016266,
-0.3732910156,
0.5732421875,
0.0401916504,
0.4025878906,
-0.3193359375,
0.6713867188,
-0.3781738281,
-0.2044677734,
-0.0707397461,
-0.220703125,
0.2619628906,
-1.046875,
-1.2041015625,
-1.03125,
-0.5712890625,
-0.2409667969,
-0.2116699219,
0.3286132812,
0.4130859375,
-0.3349609375,
-0.6440429688,
0.0401000977,
0.0775756836,
-0.5751953125,
-0.3532714844,
0.0487670898,
0.6264648438,
-1.0791015625,
-0.0293731689,
-0.0740356445,
0.4997558594,
-0.0635375977,
0.0317687988,
-0.681640625,
0.1722412109,
-0.5,
0.1066894531,
-0.3754882812,
-0.0595703125,
-0.8471679688,
-1.017578125,
-0.0358581543,
-0.1227416992,
0.0018672943,
-0.7475585938,
0.1090087891,
0.3754882812,
-0.4477539062,
0.48046875,
0.2863769531,
0.9184570312,
-0.2032470703,
-1.078125,
0.3381347656,
-0.1186523438,
-0.4104003906,
0.5268554688,
0.5805664062,
-0.6645507812,
-0.2490234375,
-0.2756347656,
-0.6923828125,
-0.2775878906,
-0.21484375,
0.4047851562,
-0.6899414062,
-0.5234375,
0.0119857788,
0.8471679688,
-0.1303710938,
-0.4045410156,
-0.607421875,
0.4521484375,
-0.3356933594,
-0.0654907227,
0.1417236328,
0.0254974365,
-0.3813476562,
1.6728515625,
0.7153320312,
0.0996704102,
0.2512207031,
0.7036132812,
0.4975585938,
0.3986816406,
0.8852539062,
0.2834472656,
0.4343261719,
1.2412109375,
0.2293701172,
0.1929931641,
0.4799804688,
-0.0795288086,
0.5126953125,
-0.0896606445,
-0.193359375,
-1.357421875,
0.703125,
0.5112304688,
-1.384765625,
0.1096801758,
-1.154296875,
-0.1832275391,
-0.4504394531,
0.70703125,
0.5034179688,
-0.5390625,
0.6059570312,
-0.0431213379,
-0.4760742188,
0.3232421875,
0.6040039062,
-0.1328125,
-0.1104125977,
-1.076171875,
-0.1177368164,
-0.0922241211,
-0.0267944336,
-1.4677734375,
0.2309570312,
-0.8969726562,
0.1463623047,
-1.2431640625,
0.7568359375,
-0.1135253906,
0.2026367188,
0.5712890625,
-0.2731933594,
-0.5463867188,
0.2778320312,
0.6040039062,
-0.3083496094,
0.2893066406,
-0.564453125,
0.3576660156,
-0.255859375,
0.4956054688,
-0.1851806641,
0.3420410156,
1.1171875,
-0.751953125,
0.2048339844,
-0.3269042969,
0.0668945312,
-0.2746582031,
0.3269042969,
-0.0281066895,
0.2359619141,
0.4611816406,
-0.5869140625,
0.3298339844,
-0.28515625,
-0.5048828125,
-0.0130691528,
-0.0122756958,
0.2486572266,
-0.5649414062,
0.0916748047,
-0.4916992188,
-0.9077148438,
-0.6245117188,
0.8471679688,
0.5439453125,
0.5219726562,
-0.3303222656,
-0.2340087891,
0.9013671875,
-0.685546875,
-0.2302246094,
-0.2108154297,
-0.1646728516,
-0.1508789062,
0.0093078613,
0.0422363281,
0.1137084961,
-0.7338867188,
-0.451171875,
-0.2863769531,
1.015625,
-0.1079711914,
0.0914306641,
0.548828125,
1.01171875,
-0.2856445312,
-0.5668945312,
-0.7045898438,
-0.0472106934,
0.3786621094,
0.3591308594,
-0.4616699219,
-0.6713867188,
-0.9716796875,
-0.4541015625,
-0.6606445312,
-0.5087890625,
0.5317382812,
-0.8891601562,
-0.2575683594,
0.4206542969,
-0.4096679688,
-0.4157714844,
0.3220214844,
0.4975585938,
-0.2257080078,
-1.62890625,
-0.5727539062,
-0.0608825684,
0.849609375,
0.1617431641,
0.6059570312,
0.7412109375,
-0.5493164062,
0.2196044922,
0.6337890625,
0.6787109375,
0.1635742188,
0.0477294922,
-0.56640625,
-0.4409179688,
-0.1585693359,
0.0181732178,
0.0802001953,
0.5913085938,
-1.412109375,
-0.4443359375,
0.4309082031,
-0.4016113281,
0.2741699219,
-0.0917358398,
0.1876220703,
-0.2336425781,
-0.1480712891,
0.5493164062,
-0.5688476562,
-0.4365234375,
-0.2457275391,
0.3352050781,
-0.4226074219,
-0.4094238281,
0.294921875,
-0.4580078125,
-0.4733886719,
-0.1999511719,
0.073059082,
0.8583984375,
0.8359375,
-0.0009422302,
0.2025146484,
0.5810546875,
-0.1346435547,
-0.014289856,
0.1552734375,
-0.1540527344,
-0.2670898438,
-0.0060043335,
-0.1287841797,
-0.2495117188,
-0.662109375,
-0.1362304688,
-1.072265625,
-0.6088867188,
0.3532714844,
0.0891113281,
-0.1555175781,
-0.2404785156,
-0.65625,
0.4565429688,
0.6352539062,
0.8120117188,
0.3779296875,
0.6372070312,
-0.0745239258,
0.712890625,
1.0244140625,
-1.052734375,
-0.6240234375,
-0.0686645508,
-0.1146240234,
-0.9916992188,
0.7924804688,
0.3142089844,
-0.4814453125,
-0.1296386719,
2.412109375,
0.837890625,
0.3791503906,
0.1130981445,
-0.2222900391,
-0.1583251953,
-0.1772460938,
-0.5693359375,
-0.4165039062,
-0.0905151367,
1.05078125,
-0.0021476746,
0.498046875,
0.2180175781,
-0.8403320312,
-0.3781738281,
-0.1112670898,
0.3120117188,
1.5859375,
0.6596679688,
-0.1392822266,
0.3012695312,
0.3481445312,
-0.6875,
-0.5795898438,
0.54296875,
0.056427002,
0.658203125,
0.08984375,
-0.375,
0.3002929688,
-0.0607299805,
-0.1420898438,
0.058013916,
0.208984375,
1.23828125,
-0.1195678711,
0.9609375,
0.9091796875,
0.0590820312,
-0.1865234375,
-0.5708007812,
0.693359375,
0.001042366,
-0.4655761719,
1.171875,
-0.3464355469,
0.6079101562,
0.6176757812,
-0.1065063477,
0.9262695312,
-0.3825683594,
0.2320556641,
0.2286376953,
0.525390625,
-0.1824951172,
-0.1441650391,
0.3469238281,
0.0515441895,
-0.8217773438,
-0.705078125,
0.8872070312,
0.3139648438,
-0.1630859375,
0.580078125,
0.5102539062,
-1.298828125,
-0.6733398438,
0.098815918,
0.798828125,
0.3625488281,
-0.0586242676,
-0.2309570312,
0.1617431641,
1.119140625,
-0.1240844727,
-0.7377929688,
-0.2052001953,
0.1694335938,
-0.517578125,
-0.765625,
0.322265625,
0.1817626953,
-0.7236328125,
0.806640625,
0.3251953125,
-0.2653808594,
-0.2578125,
-0.1239624023,
-0.1383056641,
-0.8666992188,
-0.0695800781,
-0.9296875,
-0.3198242188,
-0.3576660156,
0.2059326172,
0.3947753906,
-1.2265625,
-0.4321289062,
1.099609375,
0.2993164062,
1.046875,
1.806640625,
0.7924804688,
-0.6567382812,
-0.0963134766,
0.2563476562,
0.073059082,
0.1682128906,
-0.7963867188,
0.3620605469,
0.57421875,
-0.2861328125,
0.251953125,
0.5209960938,
-0.2619628906,
0.8515625,
-0.0407714844,
-0.7338867188,
0.6586914062,
0.4392089844,
-0.2912597656,
-0.6147460938,
-0.3708496094,
0.5600585938,
-0.359375,
-0.1378173828,
0.1408691406,
-0.7524414062,
-0.0626220703,
0.8315429688,
1.1279296875,
0.2902832031,
0.5849609375,
0.039276123,
0.4418945312,
-0.2514648438,
-0.021697998,
-0.5087890625,
1.4443359375,
-0.0868530273,
0.2293701172,
-0.1303710938,
0.3186035156,
-0.5576171875,
-0.18359375,
1.125,
0.47265625,
-1.0009765625,
-0.8115234375,
-0.845703125,
-0.8530273438,
0.1683349609,
0.2456054688,
-0.3395996094,
0.3969726562,
-0.0362854004,
-0.1254882812,
0.3400878906,
0.1165771484,
-0.0397338867,
0.2814941406,
-0.1790771484,
0.1105957031,
-0.5419921875,
-0.4868164062,
0.4125976562,
0.2900390625,
-0.4885253906,
-0.4216308594,
0.3618164062,
-0.3439941406,
-0.1249389648,
-0.60546875,
-0.4233398438,
0.1604003906,
0.1510009766,
0.4680175781,
-0.2514648438,
0.4270019531,
0.3881835938,
-0.9868164062,
0.0697631836,
-0.1827392578,
0.0339050293,
-0.3115234375,
0.65234375,
-0.2893066406,
0.3703613281,
-0.1109008789,
-1.37890625,
0.8315429688,
1.0810546875,
0.0147247314,
0.3415527344,
0.0985717773,
0.3122558594,
1.3251953125,
0.4995117188,
0.00806427,
0.2880859375,
0.3344726562,
0.5859375,
0.7231445312,
-0.0594787598,
-0.2648925781,
0.5493164062,
-0.9443359375,
0.2844238281,
0.55859375,
-0.2177734375,
-0.0021095276,
0.1572265625,
-0.9057617188,
0.3332519531,
-0.051574707,
-0.2456054688,
-0.4494628906,
1.44921875,
0.3771972656,
-0.3820800781,
0.4763183594,
-0.5478515625,
0.5463867188,
0.2590332031,
-0.728515625,
0.3168945312,
-0.075012207,
0.326171875,
0.75,
-0.8896484375,
0.912109375,
0.3571777344,
1.2646484375,
0.58203125,
-0.2160644531,
-0.1223144531,
0.1646728516,
0.9169921875,
-0.5634765625,
0.7778320312,
0.2644042969,
-1.078125,
0.5883789062,
0.890625,
1.0625,
0.3039550781,
0.0722045898,
-0.576171875,
-0.0188903809,
-0.2868652344,
-0.8276367188,
0.9658203125,
-0.1441650391,
0.7880859375,
0.4606933594,
0.376953125,
-0.1849365234,
-0.771484375,
0.7641601562,
0.9169921875,
-0.6450195312,
-0.6645507812,
-1.0673828125,
0.5268554688,
-0.6411132812,
-0.5209960938,
1.2177734375,
-0.0567016602,
0.0121459961,
-0.388671875,
-1.10546875,
-0.5263671875,
0.1137084961,
0.0838012695,
0.1538085938,
-0.8745117188,
0.6298828125,
-0.3742675781,
0.5375976562,
-1.482421875,
0.2817382812,
-1.2216796875,
0.3552246094,
-0.2005615234,
-0.1194458008,
-1.5283203125,
-0.9389648438,
-0.7041015625,
-0.7758789062,
-0.3723144531,
1.056640625,
-0.5268554688,
0.4650878906,
0.779296875,
0.2120361328,
-1.548828125,
0.1667480469,
-1.236328125,
-0.0684814453,
0.3967285156,
0.2697753906,
0.8671875,
-1.0732421875,
-1.021484375,
0.3598632812,
0.9946289062,
0.1998291016,
0.5493164062,
-0.9790039062,
-0.6430664062,
1.017578125,
0.6206054688,
0.1704101562,
-0.6171875,
1.4931640625,
-0.94140625,
0.038482666,
-0.1997070312,
1.3388671875,
0.0977172852,
0.0821533203,
-0.0398254395,
0.5043945312,
-0.8276367188,
-0.6591796875,
0.4086914062,
-0.7192382812,
0.2685546875,
-0.2476806641,
1.001953125,
0.5649414062,
0.0591430664,
0.5971679688,
-0.6401367188,
-0.4851074219,
-0.5166015625,
-0.1145019531,
0.0856323242,
0.2082519531,
1.1669921875,
0.7182617188,
0.5786132812,
-0.2145996094,
-0.5083007812,
-0.3562011719,
0.5224609375,
0.2266845703,
-0.3874511719,
-0.6474609375,
-0.9536132812,
-0.3901367188,
0.3322753906,
0.0858154297,
-0.3188476562,
-0.3913574219,
-0.2756347656,
-0.3869628906,
-0.4694824219,
0.2521972656,
-0.2265625,
0.7407226562,
-0.009727478,
1.3095703125,
-0.5009765625,
-0.2279052734,
-0.3815917969,
-0.2978515625,
0.4931640625,
-0.4709472656,
0.2016601562,
-1.5517578125,
0.2678222656,
0.4997558594,
-1.0400390625,
0.1013793945,
0.3564453125,
0.3737792969,
-0.3959960938,
-0.2478027344,
-0.3288574219,
0.9267578125,
-0.9653320312,
-0.6103515625,
0.2624511719,
-0.3564453125,
0.0252075195,
0.4299316406,
-0.2160644531,
0.1999511719,
-0.4826660156,
-0.1921386719,
-0.4274902344,
0.0084533691,
0.0543518066,
0.0453796387,
-0.1248779297,
-0.5087890625,
-1.35546875,
-0.5791015625,
0.3969726562,
-0.0963134766,
0.6264648438,
0.2878417969,
-0.2110595703,
1.1142578125,
0.7895507812,
0.3828125,
-0.069152832,
-0.494140625,
0.498046875,
0.6420898438,
0.7709960938,
0.7504882812,
-0.075378418,
-0.2702636719,
0.8266601562,
-0.2983398438,
1.5732421875,
0.6640625,
-0.0651855469,
0.0806884766,
-0.8471679688,
-0.345703125,
0.3483886719,
0.3562011719,
0.3681640625,
-0.2062988281,
0.95703125,
1.6103515625,
0.5766601562,
0.4670410156,
0.2098388672,
0.4978027344,
-0.3559570312,
-1.046875,
1.3154296875,
-0.1159057617,
-0.2604980469,
-0.623046875,
0.1107177734,
-0.3706054688,
0.3557128906,
-0.3928222656,
-0.728515625,
-0.4587402344,
-0.7104492188,
-0.837890625,
-0.0836791992,
-0.6689453125,
-0.1743164062,
-1.201171875,
-0.0660400391,
0.1638183594,
0.2976074219,
0.939453125,
-0.3322753906,
-0.2502441406,
0.1166381836,
-0.1357421875,
-0.8701171875,
-0.64453125,
0.8125,
0.0790405273,
0.984375,
-1.0205078125,
-0.0341796875,
-0.259765625,
-0.1544189453,
-0.1811523438,
-0.2973632812,
-0.619140625,
-0.9096679688,
0.4077148438,
0.1876220703,
1.4345703125,
0.4587402344,
-0.0559387207,
0.7451171875,
0.2995605469,
0.2631835938,
-0.2335205078,
-0.3784179688,
-0.5551757812,
-0.2600097656,
0.2810058594,
1.0009765625,
0.2673339844,
-0.1385498047,
0.6337890625,
0.552734375,
0.2800292969,
0.1028442383,
-0.0133895874,
-0.0766601562,
0.3298339844,
0.2336425781,
0.6376953125,
0.6557617188,
-0.0858154297,
0.1546630859,
-1.3056640625,
0.4758300781,
-0.0054893494,
-0.501953125,
0.1039428711,
-0.5571289062,
-0.0313720703,
0.7495117188,
-0.3522949219,
0.0298309326,
-0.7788085938,
0.0382080078,
-0.4208984375,
0.2420654297,
0.6494140625,
0.2454833984,
-1.04296875,
-0.3959960938,
0.6884765625,
0.0531005859,
-0.7094726562,
-0.0858154297,
-0.7934570312,
-0.3542480469,
0.7822265625,
-0.0437316895,
-0.51171875,
0.0512390137,
0.6928710938,
1.1552734375,
-0.6142578125,
0.6694335938,
-0.6479492188,
0.0921020508,
-0.7294921875,
-14.265625,
-1.2265625,
-0.1783447266,
-0.3125,
-0.58984375,
-0.0232849121,
0.3330078125,
-0.2244873047,
0.0154647827,
0.060546875,
0.7568359375,
1.4619140625,
-0.1862792969,
-0.0596923828,
0.251953125,
-0.1165161133,
-0.380859375,
-0.93359375,
-1.4306640625,
0.4301757812,
1.0517578125,
0.4162597656,
-1.0908203125,
0.2489013672,
-1.3310546875,
0.3349609375,
0.95703125,
-0.4943847656,
0.1903076172,
0.0746459961,
-0.3215332031,
0.0550537109,
0.0055465698,
-0.0450744629,
-0.4716796875,
-0.4614257812,
0.102722168,
-0.4167480469,
0.1062011719,
-0.3273925781,
-1.2109375,
0.2164306641,
0.1630859375,
0.1110839844,
0.2951660156,
0.9321289062,
-0.5874023438,
-0.5883789062,
0.2409667969,
-0.3500976562,
1.0205078125,
1.275390625,
0.3505859375,
-1.0703125,
-0.9633789062,
-0.5610351562,
0.2924804688,
0.6865234375,
-0.1228027344,
0.1606445312,
-0.908203125,
1.052734375,
0.5986328125,
-0.0023994446,
0.0407409668,
-0.619140625,
-1.1474609375,
-0.3229980469,
-0.3796386719,
-0.2641601562,
0.6977539062,
-0.7006835938,
1.1865234375,
1.162109375,
-0.3354492188,
0.0871582031,
0.7270507812,
0.2641601562,
-0.6689453125,
0.666015625,
-0.578125,
-0.4729003906
] |
There was only one other entry, of which neither the manuscript nor any record of the author has survived. That entry (identified as "no.1") was mentioned only in the last paragraph of the judges' report, noting that the author had shown ignorance of the relevant earlier works of Young and Fresnel, used insufficiently precise methods of observation, overlooked known phenomena, and made obvious errors. In the words of John Worrall, "The competition facing Fresnel could hardly have been less stiff." We may infer that the committee had only two options: award the prize to Fresnel ("no. 2"), or withhold it. The committee deliberated into the new year. Then Poisson, exploiting a case in which Fresnel's theory gave easy integrals, predicted that if a circular obstacle were illuminated by a point-source, there should be (according to the theory) a bright spot in the center of the shadow, illuminated as brightly as the exterior. This seems to have been intended as a reductio ad absurdum. Arago, undeterred, assembled an experiment with an obstacle 2mm in diameter – and there, in the center of the shadow, was Poisson's spot. The unanimous report of the committee, read at the meeting of the Académie on 15 March 1819, awarded the prize to "the memoir marked no. 2, and bearing as epigraph: Natura simplex et fecunda." At the same meeting, after the judgment was delivered, the president of the Académie opened a sealed note accompanying the memoir, revealing the author as Fresnel. | [
-0.1163330078,
0.2900390625,
0.5288085938,
-0.1961669922,
-0.37890625,
-0.3757324219,
0.2563476562,
0.3598632812,
-0.3598632812,
0.0725097656,
-0.1639404297,
0.1217041016,
0.4948730469,
0.0447692871,
-0.0203704834,
0.2585449219,
-0.4025878906,
-0.3354492188,
-0.4802246094,
0.2127685547,
-0.5092773438,
-0.4165039062,
-0.3151855469,
-0.427734375,
-0.7124023438,
0.7163085938,
0.5913085938,
0.4895019531,
-0.2998046875,
-0.3940429688,
0.529296875,
0.0534973145,
0.3225097656,
0.0648803711,
0.0981445312,
1.5234375,
-0.671875,
-0.2568359375,
0.0182952881,
-0.2232666016,
-0.2175292969,
-0.95703125,
0.5390625,
-0.6791992188,
-0.2203369141,
0.4096679688,
-0.5424804688,
-0.2502441406,
-0.4936523438,
-0.7524414062,
-0.2883300781,
-0.1575927734,
-0.5224609375,
0.2622070312,
1.091796875,
-0.8295898438,
-0.5673828125,
-0.7270507812,
0.4963378906,
-0.3315429688,
0.4047851562,
1.0185546875,
-0.0736083984,
-0.8916015625,
0.6196289062,
-0.4748535156,
-0.0328063965,
-0.7963867188,
-0.0406799316,
0.4243164062,
-0.4816894531,
0.5107421875,
-0.119140625,
-0.7944335938,
0.0545043945,
0.3647460938,
-1.470703125,
0.8740234375,
-0.0228271484,
0.2868652344,
-0.7080078125,
0.2709960938,
-0.8330078125,
-1.267578125,
-0.3161621094,
-1.2890625,
1.12109375,
-0.4125976562,
-1.6064453125,
2.712890625,
-0.106262207,
-0.658203125,
-0.5629882812,
0.1237792969,
-0.1396484375,
-0.9770507812,
-0.515625,
-2.3984375,
-1.296875,
-0.0630493164,
0.0547180176,
-1.029296875,
1.06640625,
-0.0400085449,
-0.4201660156,
1.30078125,
0.1586914062,
0.1822509766,
-0.357421875,
-0.1654052734,
-0.3083496094,
-0.5668945312,
-0.0157470703,
0.0893554688,
-0.8217773438,
-0.1072387695,
-1.0302734375,
-0.2445068359,
-0.9262695312,
-0.703125,
0.0694580078,
0.3142089844,
-0.2127685547,
-0.5864257812,
0.4916992188,
0.1824951172,
0.0382385254,
0.5380859375,
-0.1128540039,
0.061126709,
-0.634765625,
0.1625976562,
-0.2370605469,
-0.1456298828,
0.3327636719,
-0.7788085938,
-1.0654296875,
-0.4895019531,
-0.2766113281,
-0.0729370117,
-0.0629272461,
0.5747070312,
-0.8032226562,
-0.1931152344,
-0.3483886719,
-0.2507324219,
-0.0791015625,
-0.2741699219,
-0.0773925781,
0.2142333984,
-0.9682617188,
-0.5717773438,
0.6801757812,
-0.3435058594,
-0.1882324219,
0.2216796875,
-0.7290039062,
-0.1029052734,
-0.2998046875,
0.1958007812,
-0.0459899902,
-0.2600097656,
-1.171875,
-0.8774414062,
-0.2182617188,
0.1176147461,
-0.4599609375,
-1.2548828125,
0.0724487305,
0.2937011719,
-0.3024902344,
0.7797851562,
0.0415649414,
0.2042236328,
0.2758789062,
-1.197265625,
0.6186523438,
-0.5737304688,
0.2254638672,
0.0175933838,
0.8989257812,
-1.3427734375,
0.263671875,
-0.1671142578,
-0.576171875,
-0.2185058594,
0.6762695312,
-0.375,
-0.0889282227,
-0.560546875,
-0.2133789062,
0.5634765625,
0.8715820312,
-0.9106445312,
-0.5004882812,
-0.2457275391,
-0.7299804688,
0.4821777344,
-0.1557617188,
0.0498962402,
0.0051193237,
1.150390625,
0.5043945312,
-0.1896972656,
0.1539306641,
0.2327880859,
0.19921875,
-0.1682128906,
0.7905273438,
0.322265625,
0.2719726562,
1.0517578125,
0.1488037109,
0.5717773438,
0.0399780273,
-0.110534668,
0.7666015625,
1.158203125,
-0.0093765259,
-1.37109375,
0.7348632812,
0.0270233154,
-1.2333984375,
0.3825683594,
-1.0234375,
-0.7416992188,
-0.9033203125,
1.1279296875,
0.2214355469,
-0.1212768555,
0.0057983398,
-0.6586914062,
-0.8725585938,
0.361328125,
0.2473144531,
0.544921875,
-0.2037353516,
-1.056640625,
0.8745117188,
0.2369384766,
0.2592773438,
-1.576171875,
0.2155761719,
-0.5112304688,
-0.2364501953,
-0.3215332031,
1.0693359375,
0.296875,
0.5473632812,
0.6459960938,
0.4614257812,
-0.3154296875,
0.1806640625,
0.0216827393,
-0.3752441406,
-0.4548339844,
-0.0374755859,
-0.1211547852,
-0.3947753906,
1.0380859375,
-0.0070838928,
0.8671875,
1.24609375,
-0.9711914062,
-0.2373046875,
-0.2634277344,
0.3063964844,
0.3957519531,
0.7236328125,
0.0158843994,
0.3139648438,
-0.4208984375,
-1.83984375,
0.4494628906,
-0.2504882812,
-0.8627929688,
0.0210723877,
-0.1684570312,
-0.7182617188,
-0.6411132812,
0.3149414062,
-0.80859375,
-0.3986816406,
-0.4396972656,
0.529296875,
0.6430664062,
-0.3903808594,
-0.1442871094,
0.0147171021,
0.6127929688,
-0.0319824219,
-0.2563476562,
-0.3464355469,
-0.3647460938,
-0.0295562744,
0.1970214844,
-0.2088623047,
-0.4963378906,
0.5322265625,
-0.022354126,
-0.1779785156,
0.8881835938,
-0.5112304688,
-0.4807128906,
1.109375,
0.4914550781,
-0.79296875,
-0.1666259766,
-0.1661376953,
0.8032226562,
0.345703125,
0.5620117188,
-0.1067504883,
-1.4375,
-0.1231689453,
0.6259765625,
-0.525390625,
-0.6416015625,
0.2531738281,
-0.724609375,
-0.4909667969,
-0.0484924316,
-0.4614257812,
-0.583984375,
0.9995117188,
0.2673339844,
-0.1176147461,
-1.861328125,
-0.3413085938,
0.2668457031,
0.783203125,
-0.0608520508,
-0.3125,
0.7138671875,
-0.0467224121,
0.073059082,
0.787109375,
0.6806640625,
0.5366210938,
0.0637207031,
-1.3544921875,
-0.4506835938,
-0.6645507812,
0.1036987305,
0.1558837891,
0.5532226562,
-1.3486328125,
-0.2481689453,
0.4377441406,
-0.3068847656,
-0.5625,
0.3425292969,
-0.1691894531,
-0.8989257812,
-0.4833984375,
0.857421875,
-0.75390625,
-0.3625488281,
0.7822265625,
-0.1221313477,
-0.1328125,
-0.5971679688,
0.775390625,
-0.0732421875,
-0.1875,
-0.3369140625,
-0.6938476562,
0.7470703125,
1.5703125,
0.9116210938,
-0.0280303955,
0.7924804688,
0.2631835938,
0.1748046875,
0.3305664062,
-0.1317138672,
-0.2917480469,
0.2897949219,
-0.51953125,
-0.0075416565,
-0.2214355469,
-0.2666015625,
-0.9028320312,
-0.8544921875,
-0.0795898438,
-0.0028266907,
0.3315429688,
0.0042190552,
-0.9711914062,
0.1282958984,
0.4223632812,
0.0467834473,
-0.2115478516,
-0.4775390625,
0.369140625,
0.1428222656,
0.8588867188,
-1.482421875,
-0.1864013672,
-0.421875,
-0.5903320312,
-0.6958007812,
-0.2602539062,
0.8984375,
-0.53125,
-0.3996582031,
2.443359375,
0.4235839844,
0.4201660156,
0.4575195312,
-0.1684570312,
0.0098953247,
0.2097167969,
-0.1000366211,
-0.3830566406,
-0.2174072266,
-0.568359375,
-0.4143066406,
0.012550354,
-0.0252380371,
-0.0973510742,
-0.8881835938,
-0.3542480469,
0.2291259766,
1.0732421875,
0.3259277344,
-0.2347412109,
0.6845703125,
-0.40234375,
-0.1688232422,
-0.720703125,
-0.1646728516,
0.3508300781,
0.3264160156,
0.4313964844,
0.1264648438,
0.9462890625,
-0.6064453125,
-0.0285949707,
-0.1944580078,
0.1252441406,
1.1669921875,
-0.1296386719,
0.6958007812,
0.587890625,
0.599609375,
0.5600585938,
-0.3395996094,
0.5625,
-0.26171875,
-1.13671875,
0.6987304688,
-0.3244628906,
0.3129882812,
0.7646484375,
-0.3146972656,
0.5146484375,
-0.1383056641,
-0.484375,
0.1309814453,
0.4370117188,
-0.4755859375,
-0.4060058594,
-0.4675292969,
0.45703125,
-0.7451171875,
-0.2335205078,
0.1932373047,
-0.0789794922,
0.5102539062,
0.1423339844,
-0.2185058594,
-1.083984375,
-0.3830566406,
-0.2139892578,
0.5034179688,
0.6787109375,
0.3701171875,
-0.0323181152,
-0.2663574219,
0.8500976562,
0.4565429688,
-0.7509765625,
-0.0897827148,
0.66015625,
-0.70703125,
-0.603515625,
-0.0961303711,
0.3229980469,
-0.4677734375,
0.2364501953,
-0.1488037109,
-0.3024902344,
0.0244598389,
0.1774902344,
-0.537109375,
-0.763671875,
-0.5034179688,
-0.8798828125,
-0.1263427734,
0.0912475586,
0.2983398438,
-0.42578125,
-0.1307373047,
0.5771484375,
0.8408203125,
-0.6748046875,
0.4499511719,
1.4169921875,
0.5649414062,
-0.2337646484,
-0.2208251953,
0.744140625,
-0.4084472656,
-0.5424804688,
-0.9536132812,
1.1044921875,
-0.1350097656,
0.2578125,
0.2037353516,
0.4685058594,
0.1975097656,
1.1142578125,
-0.3098144531,
-1.103515625,
-0.1483154297,
-0.094909668,
-0.3491210938,
0.4045410156,
-0.2749023438,
0.6474609375,
0.02003479,
-0.0599365234,
-0.591796875,
-0.4584960938,
-0.4604492188,
1.2412109375,
1.3037109375,
0.1359863281,
0.9311523438,
0.6489257812,
-0.029296875,
0.5263671875,
-1.029296875,
0.564453125,
1.453125,
0.2100830078,
0.4289550781,
-0.4631347656,
0.9536132812,
-0.3698730469,
-0.1312255859,
1.7802734375,
0.5830078125,
-0.0427246094,
-1.14453125,
-0.5766601562,
-0.8974609375,
0.6274414062,
0.5073242188,
-0.8081054688,
0.6450195312,
0.3298339844,
-0.2004394531,
0.7045898438,
0.3276367188,
0.5073242188,
0.4477539062,
-0.9223632812,
-0.4812011719,
-0.3659667969,
-0.3276367188,
-0.0709228516,
0.0460205078,
-1.087890625,
-1.1669921875,
-1.1494140625,
-0.7373046875,
-0.2374267578,
-0.3723144531,
0.0776977539,
0.6284179688,
0.1429443359,
0.2844238281,
-0.4455566406,
0.2961425781,
0.0264587402,
-1.099609375,
-0.1079101562,
-0.48046875,
-0.625,
-0.1211547852,
-0.0494384766,
-0.2352294922,
0.1324462891,
-0.6704101562,
-1.1552734375,
0.1748046875,
1.3681640625,
0.0323486328,
0.5854492188,
0.4240722656,
0.1424560547,
1.5341796875,
0.5625,
0.1459960938,
0.1430664062,
0.5322265625,
0.7026367188,
-0.1547851562,
-0.4118652344,
-0.4519042969,
1.24609375,
-1.0126953125,
-0.078125,
0.1356201172,
-0.359375,
-0.1074829102,
-0.1137695312,
-1.3603515625,
0.1815185547,
-0.6899414062,
-0.0476074219,
-0.4953613281,
2.07421875,
-0.3986816406,
-0.7426757812,
0.3552246094,
-0.408203125,
-0.0354003906,
0.1220703125,
-0.7290039062,
-0.3430175781,
-0.3237304688,
0.5180664062,
0.8515625,
-0.1929931641,
0.2121582031,
0.4309082031,
1.494140625,
0.0724487305,
0.5219726562,
0.6372070312,
0.4709472656,
1.38671875,
-0.0617675781,
1.0078125,
0.8466796875,
-0.490234375,
-0.4040527344,
0.80078125,
0.6958007812,
0.0426940918,
-0.0410461426,
-0.4938964844,
-0.0628662109,
0.3852539062,
-1.3974609375,
0.9072265625,
-0.3549804688,
-0.3059082031,
0.8901367188,
-0.6225585938,
-0.2279052734,
-0.1235351562,
0.4221191406,
1.0009765625,
-0.2822265625,
-0.2915039062,
-0.3728027344,
0.5952148438,
-0.1359863281,
-0.6215820312,
1.7607421875,
0.1877441406,
0.1174316406,
-0.2885742188,
-0.3830566406,
-0.7290039062,
0.7827148438,
-0.2907714844,
0.1544189453,
-0.9794921875,
1.4423828125,
0.2529296875,
0.0401916504,
-1.2099609375,
0.51953125,
-0.7241210938,
0.3298339844,
0.787109375,
-0.0452575684,
-1.0263671875,
-1.0458984375,
-0.1840820312,
-0.853515625,
0.4802246094,
-0.60546875,
-0.2919921875,
0.8500976562,
0.4653320312,
-0.4011230469,
-1.232421875,
-0.0450744629,
-1.40234375,
0.3432617188,
0.6450195312,
-0.634765625,
0.6323242188,
-0.66796875,
-0.9887695312,
-0.1429443359,
0.1553955078,
-0.302734375,
0.6552734375,
-0.7368164062,
-0.1906738281,
0.2624511719,
0.6040039062,
0.2498779297,
0.1447753906,
1.08203125,
-0.9653320312,
-0.0302276611,
-0.7006835938,
0.8862304688,
0.875,
0.3454589844,
0.0094223022,
0.1676025391,
0.0668945312,
0.177734375,
0.4196777344,
-0.9721679688,
-0.2724609375,
0.51953125,
0.2573242188,
0.33984375,
-0.087890625,
0.1964111328,
-0.6083984375,
-0.4897460938,
-0.4357910156,
-0.2203369141,
-0.4223632812,
0.2758789062,
0.9458007812,
0.833984375,
-0.7104492188,
-0.615234375,
-0.2932128906,
-0.0124588013,
0.2369384766,
0.8828125,
0.4096679688,
-0.9741210938,
-1.2568359375,
-0.8193359375,
1.0341796875,
0.0641479492,
-0.6772460938,
-0.4470214844,
0.197265625,
-0.2973632812,
-0.2827148438,
0.3779296875,
-0.0366210938,
0.7529296875,
-0.1701660156,
1.49609375,
-0.3256835938,
-0.26171875,
0.412109375,
-0.2810058594,
-0.1533203125,
-0.27734375,
-0.0672607422,
-1.3564453125,
0.5151367188,
0.1256103516,
-1.0009765625,
-0.0833740234,
1.0625,
0.0943603516,
-0.3269042969,
0.3542480469,
-0.275390625,
0.4187011719,
-1.0048828125,
-0.0155487061,
0.0762329102,
0.1505126953,
0.4296875,
0.1676025391,
-0.5864257812,
0.6352539062,
-0.8720703125,
-0.2893066406,
-0.0564575195,
0.4296875,
-0.4748535156,
-0.4611816406,
0.3159179688,
1.0908203125,
-1.1767578125,
-0.1058959961,
-0.1502685547,
0.3364257812,
0.8354492188,
0.1138916016,
0.1695556641,
1.14453125,
1.1591796875,
0.2868652344,
-0.0708007812,
0.1402587891,
0.6723632812,
-0.2010498047,
0.6166992188,
0.7446289062,
0.1632080078,
-0.3098144531,
0.8408203125,
0.4509277344,
0.0911865234,
-0.7875976562,
-0.2712402344,
0.4580078125,
-0.5849609375,
-0.1242675781,
0.7099609375,
0.1640625,
-0.029296875,
-0.2543945312,
1.3505859375,
1.1337890625,
0.2116699219,
0.4328613281,
0.1112060547,
0.2629394531,
-0.0928955078,
-0.71484375,
0.4348144531,
-0.2280273438,
0.0454711914,
0.2165527344,
0.7114257812,
-0.3259277344,
-0.1809082031,
-0.1802978516,
-0.2998046875,
-0.6044921875,
-0.9711914062,
-0.1193237305,
-0.8212890625,
0.0570983887,
-0.193359375,
-0.4226074219,
-0.0061607361,
-0.8305664062,
0.1580810547,
0.810546875,
-0.0398864746,
-0.9194335938,
0.1929931641,
-0.5400390625,
-1.033203125,
-0.3474121094,
0.5883789062,
0.1673583984,
0.77734375,
0.0230407715,
0.9443359375,
0.73046875,
-0.0888671875,
-0.2600097656,
-0.3352050781,
-0.8813476562,
-1.150390625,
0.3217773438,
-0.7016601562,
1.0556640625,
0.6000976562,
0.6879882812,
1.041015625,
0.4921875,
-0.0900878906,
0.0935058594,
-1.04296875,
-0.1959228516,
-0.7568359375,
0.0673217773,
0.8422851562,
-0.0657958984,
0.1416015625,
0.1663818359,
-0.1484375,
-0.3076171875,
0.1663818359,
0.1751708984,
0.081237793,
-0.1607666016,
-0.5463867188,
0.8149414062,
0.224609375,
0.3029785156,
1.171875,
-0.9921875,
-0.0571899414,
-0.3908691406,
0.0019836426,
-0.4357910156,
-1.1962890625,
-0.5473632812,
-0.2800292969,
0.0462036133,
0.6147460938,
-0.59765625,
-0.1857910156,
-1.0322265625,
0.7963867188,
0.2985839844,
0.6962890625,
-0.6762695312,
-0.5673828125,
0.4992675781,
-0.3955078125,
0.0188751221,
-0.2421875,
-0.1047363281,
0.6293945312,
0.9931640625,
0.2293701172,
0.2934570312,
-0.1019287109,
1.123046875,
1.1923828125,
-0.0408325195,
1.0771484375,
-0.4733886719,
-0.1374511719,
-0.2770996094,
-13.3984375,
-1.7548828125,
0.1839599609,
-0.63671875,
-0.318359375,
0.408203125,
-0.0913085938,
-0.6762695312,
-0.0765380859,
0.0051612854,
0.4191894531,
1.134765625,
-0.3220214844,
-0.91796875,
0.2915039062,
-0.2602539062,
0.4533691406,
-1.55859375,
-1.2236328125,
1.19140625,
1.646484375,
0.802734375,
-0.7827148438,
0.2687988281,
-0.0581359863,
0.5336914062,
0.8115234375,
0.0540161133,
-0.2592773438,
0.7890625,
-0.5708007812,
-0.4191894531,
-0.4216308594,
-0.0011148453,
-0.3662109375,
-0.1333007812,
-0.1870117188,
0.7924804688,
0.4006347656,
0.1330566406,
-0.9047851562,
0.3271484375,
0.2478027344,
0.537109375,
0.263671875,
0.3903808594,
0.1394042969,
-0.3601074219,
0.2512207031,
-0.2543945312,
0.4206542969,
0.9477539062,
0.4858398438,
-0.8471679688,
-0.6079101562,
-0.9033203125,
-0.9267578125,
1.41796875,
-0.4143066406,
0.2211914062,
-0.9541015625,
0.9633789062,
0.1153564453,
0.3559570312,
-0.1223144531,
-0.3310546875,
-1.544921875,
-1.0224609375,
0.3857421875,
0.0419006348,
-0.0347900391,
-0.9819335938,
1.361328125,
0.4291992188,
-0.794921875,
0.2416992188,
0.4545898438,
-0.4587402344,
-0.9575195312,
0.486328125,
-0.552734375,
-0.8974609375
] |
The award was announced at the public meeting of the Académie a week later, on 22 March. Arago's verification of Poisson's counter-intuitive prediction passed into folklore as if it had decided the prize. That view, however, is not supported by the judges' report, which gave the matter only two sentences in the penultimate paragraph. Neither did Fresnel's triumph immediately convert Laplace, Biot, and Poisson to the wave theory, for at least four reasons. First, although the professionalization of science in France had established common standards, it was one thing to acknowledge a piece of research as meeting those standards, and another thing to regard it as conclusive. Second, it was possible to interpret Fresnel's integrals as rules for combining rays. Arago even encouraged that interpretation, presumably in order to minimize resistance to Fresnel's ideas. Even Biot began teaching the Huygens-Fresnel principle without committing himself to a wave basis. Third, Fresnel's theory did not adequately explain the mechanism of generation of secondary waves or why they had any significant angular spread; this issue particularly bothered Poisson. Fourth, the question that most exercised optical physicists at that time was not diffraction, but polarization – on which Fresnel had been working, but was yet to make his critical breakthrough. Polarization
Background: Emissionism and selectionism
An emission theory of light was one that regarded the propagation of light as the transport of some kind of matter. While the corpuscular theory was obviously an emission theory, the converse did not follow: in principle, one could be an emissionist without being a corpuscularist. | [
0.0329589844,
-0.1525878906,
-0.0438537598,
-0.4370117188,
-0.4509277344,
-0.3342285156,
0.7822265625,
0.4553222656,
0.4528808594,
-0.1099853516,
-0.1813964844,
0.1458740234,
-0.2687988281,
-1.017578125,
0.7236328125,
0.0272827148,
-0.3393554688,
-0.4235839844,
-0.6669921875,
0.4194335938,
0.0899047852,
0.1351318359,
-0.435546875,
-0.6806640625,
-1.095703125,
0.0745239258,
0.2291259766,
0.2241210938,
-0.2381591797,
-0.4008789062,
0.7075195312,
0.5073242188,
0.2744140625,
0.3115234375,
-0.1082763672,
1.517578125,
-0.3117675781,
0.1517333984,
-0.1248779297,
0.1971435547,
-0.7563476562,
-1.2353515625,
-0.1040649414,
-0.7719726562,
-0.4638671875,
0.6079101562,
-0.3388671875,
-0.2325439453,
-0.1292724609,
-0.88671875,
-0.2807617188,
-0.4990234375,
-0.6616210938,
0.0059127808,
0.0936889648,
-0.6538085938,
0.0058403015,
-1.43359375,
0.423828125,
-0.0547485352,
-0.1304931641,
0.6333007812,
0.1226196289,
-0.802734375,
1.5302734375,
0.4187011719,
-0.0913085938,
-0.6240234375,
0.2863769531,
0.5053710938,
-1.181640625,
0.0097122192,
-0.0143508911,
-0.9125976562,
-0.1096191406,
0.4501953125,
-1.912109375,
0.8295898438,
0.0128936768,
0.7622070312,
-0.2548828125,
-0.2966308594,
-0.3181152344,
-0.4655761719,
-0.7944335938,
0.0380249023,
-0.2805175781,
-0.6411132812,
-1.75390625,
1.9091796875,
-0.1008300781,
-0.7055664062,
-0.5014648438,
0.3188476562,
-0.3181152344,
-0.0372314453,
0.2702636719,
-1.3046875,
-1.150390625,
0.2626953125,
-0.0237579346,
-1.48046875,
0.5908203125,
0.0727539062,
0.1639404297,
1.384765625,
-0.3989257812,
0.4448242188,
0.26953125,
-0.2236328125,
0.5014648438,
-0.423828125,
0.6181640625,
-0.78515625,
-0.9453125,
-0.3864746094,
-0.9501953125,
-0.0687866211,
-0.4982910156,
-1.119140625,
-0.0448303223,
0.1926269531,
0.4936523438,
-1.232421875,
0.4020996094,
-0.1378173828,
-0.1231689453,
0.1456298828,
0.114074707,
-0.1774902344,
0.0927734375,
-0.2229003906,
-0.1263427734,
0.6396484375,
0.1508789062,
-0.8271484375,
-0.7426757812,
-0.18359375,
-0.3388671875,
-0.38671875,
0.2498779297,
0.6162109375,
0.1325683594,
-0.2208251953,
0.0243225098,
-0.3981933594,
-0.2419433594,
0.1483154297,
-0.32421875,
0.0913696289,
-0.994140625,
-0.7094726562,
0.2751464844,
0.4011230469,
0.1979980469,
-0.1590576172,
-0.806640625,
-0.2094726562,
-0.85546875,
-0.3837890625,
-0.578125,
-0.4704589844,
-0.8588867188,
-0.6850585938,
-0.0238647461,
0.6279296875,
-0.546875,
-1.1708984375,
-0.0017547607,
0.4938964844,
-0.3415527344,
0.6108398438,
0.5161132812,
0.2778320312,
0.0362548828,
-0.1975097656,
0.7758789062,
-0.3330078125,
-0.1859130859,
0.2362060547,
0.1005249023,
-1.0634765625,
0.0272064209,
-0.4721679688,
0.4367675781,
0.6640625,
0.4155273438,
0.2150878906,
-0.4711914062,
-0.7919921875,
-0.3410644531,
0.6997070312,
0.4638671875,
-0.666015625,
-0.4318847656,
-0.201171875,
-0.6606445312,
-0.0578308105,
0.560546875,
-0.1827392578,
0.7431640625,
1.224609375,
1.255859375,
-0.0382385254,
0.4724121094,
0.3967285156,
0.4367675781,
0.455078125,
1.0078125,
0.4643554688,
-0.0513000488,
1.017578125,
-0.4514160156,
0.4626464844,
0.5190429688,
-0.1960449219,
0.6645507812,
-0.0239868164,
-0.197265625,
-1.49609375,
0.2690429688,
0.26171875,
-1.6962890625,
1.205078125,
-1.0234375,
-0.4477539062,
-0.6518554688,
1.125,
0.4543457031,
-0.5278320312,
0.2149658203,
-0.8642578125,
-0.8295898438,
0.2371826172,
0.7963867188,
0.5654296875,
0.1618652344,
-1.587890625,
0.548828125,
-0.4274902344,
-0.1057739258,
-0.6391601562,
0.08984375,
-0.3278808594,
-0.2849121094,
-0.5268554688,
0.841796875,
-0.25390625,
0.3937988281,
0.8466796875,
0.361328125,
-0.1575927734,
-0.5454101562,
-0.0952758789,
-1.224609375,
-0.2783203125,
-0.2490234375,
-0.2175292969,
-0.4235839844,
1.2763671875,
-0.59375,
1.0234375,
0.9370117188,
-0.8266601562,
0.0510253906,
-0.759765625,
0.3762207031,
-0.349609375,
0.4875488281,
0.1719970703,
-0.0545043945,
-0.3547363281,
-0.6215820312,
-0.2717285156,
0.6801757812,
-0.0923461914,
-0.4736328125,
-0.2037353516,
-0.1079101562,
-0.2331542969,
0.2963867188,
-0.3823242188,
-0.8344726562,
-0.9233398438,
0.9916992188,
0.6420898438,
0.2658691406,
-0.0543823242,
-0.0242919922,
1.5419921875,
0.2103271484,
-0.3454589844,
-0.8110351562,
-0.1793212891,
0.0550537109,
-0.3525390625,
0.3037109375,
-0.1096191406,
-0.6157226562,
-0.8359375,
0.9814453125,
0.2021484375,
-0.3015136719,
0.2885742188,
0.7309570312,
0.87890625,
-0.271484375,
0.3471679688,
-0.8344726562,
-0.0737915039,
0.4631347656,
0.7744140625,
-0.2624511719,
-1.298828125,
0.3156738281,
0.1458740234,
-0.5048828125,
-0.8154296875,
-0.859375,
-0.404296875,
-0.4309082031,
0.2700195312,
-0.4545898438,
-0.2546386719,
0.787109375,
0.1788330078,
-0.1645507812,
-1.52734375,
0.1175537109,
0.1556396484,
1.05078125,
0.0914306641,
0.615234375,
0.9340820312,
0.2937011719,
0.6484375,
0.7622070312,
0.6767578125,
0.4348144531,
0.2276611328,
-0.658203125,
-0.4626464844,
-0.0638427734,
0.1999511719,
-0.0564880371,
0.3754882812,
-1.849609375,
0.1928710938,
0.9609375,
-0.4501953125,
-0.2685546875,
0.1179199219,
-0.2248535156,
-0.8002929688,
-0.5883789062,
0.923828125,
-0.4858398438,
-0.5805664062,
0.3872070312,
-0.1154785156,
-0.6494140625,
-0.4946289062,
0.0579223633,
-0.71875,
-0.9897460938,
-0.3698730469,
-0.4184570312,
0.4663085938,
1.203125,
0.4191894531,
0.0416564941,
0.8950195312,
-0.0753173828,
0.4313964844,
-0.3557128906,
-0.3623046875,
-0.1806640625,
-0.2211914062,
-0.9829101562,
-0.4489746094,
-0.640625,
-0.4157714844,
-1.2724609375,
-1.20703125,
0.701171875,
0.62109375,
0.1932373047,
-0.1713867188,
-1.31640625,
0.5004882812,
0.7836914062,
0.4321289062,
-0.2193603516,
0.6635742188,
0.5576171875,
0.4790039062,
1.38671875,
-1.1064453125,
-0.8706054688,
0.58203125,
0.88671875,
-1.0693359375,
0.3745117188,
0.9975585938,
-0.1561279297,
-0.4899902344,
2.30078125,
0.4150390625,
0.1774902344,
0.1233520508,
-0.1501464844,
-0.2590332031,
0.2270507812,
0.58203125,
-0.0780029297,
0.0513000488,
-0.0114135742,
-0.1735839844,
0.5122070312,
-0.125,
-0.7309570312,
-0.6254882812,
-0.828125,
0.3715820312,
0.5556640625,
0.5908203125,
-0.0865478516,
0.091003418,
-0.2939453125,
-0.7143554688,
-0.6416015625,
-0.2795410156,
-0.4514160156,
1.142578125,
0.7026367188,
-0.3662109375,
0.5102539062,
0.0815429688,
-0.4436035156,
-0.2531738281,
-0.1508789062,
0.8549804688,
-0.2318115234,
0.787109375,
0.677734375,
0.2121582031,
-0.1564941406,
-0.9770507812,
0.6064453125,
-0.3435058594,
-0.5629882812,
1.1875,
0.0439147949,
0.71484375,
0.6162109375,
-0.1689453125,
0.2429199219,
-0.7978515625,
0.0295257568,
0.1719970703,
0.3400878906,
-0.3312988281,
-0.4677734375,
0.3752441406,
-0.2734375,
-1.0615234375,
-0.4370117188,
0.7216796875,
-0.9204101562,
-0.1909179688,
-0.3608398438,
0.1358642578,
-0.849609375,
-0.8857421875,
-0.9453125,
0.0413818359,
0.4033203125,
-0.2526855469,
0.3129882812,
-0.0871582031,
1.072265625,
0.7099609375,
0.096862793,
-0.6689453125,
0.9125976562,
-0.5170898438,
-0.4375,
-0.0335388184,
0.1412353516,
-0.3271484375,
-0.1652832031,
0.3518066406,
0.4838867188,
0.0710449219,
0.28515625,
-0.2264404297,
-0.5825195312,
0.0034770966,
-1.5078125,
0.0660400391,
-0.2354736328,
-0.0246887207,
-0.3623046875,
-0.9995117188,
0.4660644531,
0.939453125,
-0.1352539062,
0.7607421875,
1.416015625,
0.7666015625,
-0.4040527344,
-0.1069335938,
0.478515625,
-0.6748046875,
-0.2873535156,
-0.8588867188,
1.2705078125,
0.6821289062,
-0.1696777344,
0.9350585938,
-0.0943603516,
-0.1312255859,
1.138671875,
-0.5791015625,
-0.9580078125,
0.5498046875,
-0.1024780273,
0.1187744141,
-0.2458496094,
-0.828125,
0.9301757812,
0.1607666016,
-0.0504455566,
-0.9516601562,
-0.1069335938,
0.3225097656,
1.203125,
0.99609375,
0.3864746094,
0.603515625,
0.896484375,
0.9990234375,
0.2961425781,
0.0327758789,
0.232421875,
1.3369140625,
0.8334960938,
-0.2080078125,
-0.8193359375,
1.0732421875,
-0.5200195312,
-0.2888183594,
1.3740234375,
0.6416015625,
-0.3820800781,
-0.40234375,
-0.3146972656,
-0.9526367188,
0.541015625,
0.2509765625,
-0.755859375,
-0.5405273438,
0.6943359375,
-0.1301269531,
0.345703125,
0.5307617188,
0.1729736328,
0.5776367188,
-0.4191894531,
-0.3718261719,
-0.2912597656,
-0.1314697266,
0.1259765625,
0.5668945312,
-0.876953125,
-1.2890625,
-0.4187011719,
-0.4650878906,
-0.0106048584,
-0.5556640625,
-0.8208007812,
-0.0231628418,
0.1994628906,
-0.2034912109,
-0.5454101562,
0.701171875,
0.2315673828,
-0.8515625,
-0.5185546875,
-0.8764648438,
-0.2888183594,
-0.8505859375,
0.4187011719,
0.2727050781,
0.6137695312,
-0.7163085938,
-1.6611328125,
0.4323730469,
1.3974609375,
0.2600097656,
-0.2756347656,
0.4477539062,
-0.1640625,
1.345703125,
0.591796875,
-0.3330078125,
0.5307617188,
-0.0586853027,
0.9204101562,
0.0476989746,
-0.4709472656,
-0.6650390625,
1.0068359375,
-0.8706054688,
-0.1352539062,
0.2147216797,
-0.0350646973,
-0.1564941406,
-0.4345703125,
-1.03125,
0.3747558594,
-0.3227539062,
0.2707519531,
-0.0297546387,
1.0888671875,
0.1437988281,
-0.3146972656,
0.6689453125,
-0.3891601562,
-0.2917480469,
0.1186523438,
-1.0341796875,
0.0629272461,
0.0822753906,
0.5595703125,
0.4475097656,
-0.1871337891,
1.57421875,
0.1513671875,
0.5043945312,
0.7397460938,
0.6342773438,
-0.4846191406,
-0.0154953003,
0.7875976562,
0.0874633789,
1.01953125,
0.6240234375,
-0.2629394531,
0.2622070312,
0.4367675781,
0.5561523438,
0.5283203125,
-0.3071289062,
-1.1435546875,
0.0226135254,
-0.2744140625,
-0.7509765625,
0.8745117188,
0.5942382812,
0.8510742188,
-0.2561035156,
0.3959960938,
-0.7900390625,
-0.2103271484,
0.833984375,
0.5288085938,
-0.4057617188,
-0.7099609375,
-0.89453125,
0.8627929688,
-0.2651367188,
-0.7412109375,
1.0068359375,
-0.3198242188,
-0.1409912109,
-0.7104492188,
-0.568359375,
-0.7451171875,
1.3154296875,
-0.3037109375,
-0.2111816406,
-0.8286132812,
0.0036849976,
-0.3776855469,
-0.0530090332,
-0.8911132812,
0.5795898438,
-0.7094726562,
-0.435546875,
0.8173828125,
0.2305908203,
-0.9599609375,
-0.1695556641,
-1.1171875,
-1.1064453125,
0.1309814453,
0.2883300781,
-0.1408691406,
0.8076171875,
1.1904296875,
0.3427734375,
-1.103515625,
1.107421875,
-1.251953125,
-0.4086914062,
0.2897949219,
-0.3815917969,
0.3056640625,
-1.26953125,
-1.1083984375,
-0.2473144531,
0.3427734375,
-0.4208984375,
0.3117675781,
0.1866455078,
-0.1381835938,
0.6948242188,
0.591796875,
0.1259765625,
-0.0557250977,
0.515625,
-0.4299316406,
-0.76953125,
-0.8232421875,
0.9116210938,
0.6123046875,
0.5141601562,
-1.0986328125,
-0.7177734375,
-0.5659179688,
-0.2139892578,
0.5571289062,
-1.2373046875,
-0.6337890625,
-0.3317871094,
1.046875,
0.4848632812,
-0.1903076172,
0.544921875,
-0.3967285156,
-1.044921875,
-0.265625,
0.5913085938,
0.3195800781,
0.0963745117,
1.0791015625,
0.3110351562,
-0.7172851562,
0.1211547852,
-0.7236328125,
0.2543945312,
0.3935546875,
0.4033203125,
0.3515625,
-0.6284179688,
-1.033203125,
-0.708984375,
0.9741210938,
0.0299682617,
-0.3666992188,
-0.1422119141,
-0.3127441406,
-0.916015625,
0.34375,
0.3569335938,
-0.2670898438,
0.8911132812,
0.3410644531,
1.7841796875,
-0.5087890625,
0.2741699219,
-0.1965332031,
-0.7348632812,
-0.0720214844,
-0.5815429688,
-0.4897460938,
-0.9609375,
1.1123046875,
0.7734375,
-0.7744140625,
0.0125045776,
-0.1130981445,
-0.1148681641,
-0.4997558594,
0.1546630859,
-0.5688476562,
0.9541015625,
-0.4729003906,
0.2839355469,
0.6040039062,
0.1435546875,
0.1251220703,
0.92578125,
0.1295166016,
0.6987304688,
-0.39453125,
-0.5595703125,
-0.4138183594,
0.7065429688,
-0.4057617188,
-0.0024986267,
-0.826171875,
-0.1920166016,
-0.8403320312,
-0.4113769531,
-0.2264404297,
0.4357910156,
0.7421875,
0.1666259766,
0.5883789062,
0.7348632812,
0.1879882812,
0.4968261719,
0.755859375,
-0.1411132812,
0.2437744141,
0.1837158203,
-0.1486816406,
-0.0477905273,
-0.0906982422,
0.0310974121,
0.1008911133,
0.3103027344,
-0.3176269531,
1.2529296875,
0.6782226562,
-0.5825195312,
-1.6884765625,
-0.6264648438,
0.900390625,
0.1447753906,
-0.4118652344,
0.3916015625,
0.798828125,
1.1240234375,
0.1605224609,
0.4208984375,
0.7377929688,
-0.4465332031,
0.1732177734,
-0.6435546875,
0.876953125,
0.3005371094,
-0.0879516602,
-0.3916015625,
0.5493164062,
-0.0254211426,
0.0216064453,
-0.0850830078,
-0.3645019531,
-0.703125,
-0.4714355469,
-0.1696777344,
-0.5317382812,
-0.2327880859,
-0.2073974609,
-0.5126953125,
-0.2770996094,
0.4409179688,
0.0825195312,
0.9575195312,
-0.2795410156,
-0.3813476562,
0.2313232422,
-0.7260742188,
-0.744140625,
-0.9516601562,
0.5141601562,
-0.2055664062,
0.6665039062,
-0.134765625,
-0.1796875,
0.2966308594,
-0.1387939453,
0.1120605469,
-0.287109375,
-1.181640625,
-0.9951171875,
-0.0498962402,
0.4406738281,
0.390625,
-0.5083007812,
0.5859375,
-0.2083740234,
0.5678710938,
-0.2958984375,
-0.3627929688,
-0.38671875,
-0.2321777344,
-0.1812744141,
0.7446289062,
0.4611816406,
0.2233886719,
-0.5673828125,
0.1900634766,
0.1851806641,
0.2741699219,
0.3928222656,
-0.0671386719,
0.0294647217,
-0.1799316406,
0.3000488281,
0.6083984375,
0.2287597656,
0.6083984375,
0.2329101562,
-0.86328125,
0.2666015625,
1.0400390625,
-0.4045410156,
0.1489257812,
-0.3337402344,
-0.1348876953,
0.892578125,
-0.2890625,
-0.3227539062,
-0.1716308594,
-0.1306152344,
-1.7119140625,
0.1060791016,
-0.4890136719,
0.7705078125,
-0.2056884766,
0.0143966675,
0.697265625,
-0.0961914062,
-1.009765625,
0.0773925781,
-0.3515625,
-0.3217773438,
0.6787109375,
0.4929199219,
-0.30078125,
-0.082824707,
1.3408203125,
1.4111328125,
-1.0634765625,
0.623046875,
-0.5590820312,
-0.6782226562,
-0.4992675781,
-13.1953125,
-2.154296875,
0.3813476562,
-0.0111694336,
-0.7690429688,
-0.0505371094,
0.3229980469,
-0.6821289062,
-0.30859375,
-0.1694335938,
-0.0339660645,
1.294921875,
0.0845336914,
-0.6733398438,
0.5317382812,
0.1329345703,
-0.9497070312,
-0.8793945312,
-0.8696289062,
0.8076171875,
1.0439453125,
1.267578125,
-0.7846679688,
0.4797363281,
-1.083984375,
0.2403564453,
1.4697265625,
0.3190917969,
0.5205078125,
0.5297851562,
-0.2629394531,
-0.2524414062,
-0.5395507812,
0.0099868774,
-0.509765625,
-0.2543945312,
0.2912597656,
0.4401855469,
0.2573242188,
0.400390625,
-0.654296875,
0.1624755859,
-1.0009765625,
-0.3605957031,
0.52734375,
0.7338867188,
0.2700195312,
-0.3469238281,
0.3046875,
-0.48046875,
0.9858398438,
1.3125,
0.2814941406,
-0.3356933594,
-0.9321289062,
-0.7900390625,
-0.4326171875,
0.625,
-0.6650390625,
0.603515625,
-1.0439453125,
1.0078125,
1.1171875,
0.2648925781,
0.076965332,
-0.9721679688,
-0.6762695312,
-0.8583984375,
-0.2856445312,
-0.030090332,
0.0487060547,
-0.2575683594,
1.1669921875,
0.6840820312,
-0.7416992188,
0.421875,
0.5825195312,
-0.6416015625,
-1.10546875,
0.1380615234,
-0.1628417969,
-0.9970703125
] |
This was convenient because, beyond the ordinary laws of reflection and refraction, emissionists never managed to make testable quantitative predictions from a theory of forces acting on corpuscles of light. But they did make quantitative predictions from the premises that rays were countable objects, which were conserved in their interactions with matter (except absorbent media), and which had particular orientations with respect to their directions of propagation. According to this framework, polarization and the related phenomena of double refraction and partial reflection involved altering the orientations of the rays and/or selecting them according to orientation, and the state of polarization of a beam (a bundle of rays) was a question of how many rays were in what orientations: in a fully polarized beam, the orientations were all the same. This approach, which Jed Buchwald has called selectionism, was pioneered by Malus and diligently pursued by Biot. Fresnel, in contrast, decided to introduce polarization into interference experiments. Interference of polarized light, chromatic polarization (1816–21)
In July or August 1816, Fresnel discovered that when a birefringent crystal produced two images of a single slit, he could not obtain the usual two-slit interference pattern, even if he compensated for the different propagation times. A more general experiment, suggested by Arago, found that if the two beams of a double-slit device were separately polarized, the interference pattern appeared and disappeared as the polarization of one beam was rotated, giving full interference for parallel polarizations, but no interference for perpendicular polarizations . | [
-0.0460205078,
-0.3596191406,
-0.0220794678,
0.0806274414,
0.1740722656,
-0.4011230469,
0.4304199219,
0.3095703125,
0.56640625,
0.3732910156,
-1.0380859375,
0.080078125,
-0.0839233398,
-0.9272460938,
0.2137451172,
-0.3327636719,
-0.2346191406,
-0.6142578125,
0.0782470703,
0.7890625,
0.2296142578,
0.2856445312,
-0.9497070312,
0.0102767944,
-1.548828125,
-0.703125,
0.1773681641,
-0.0982055664,
-0.25390625,
-0.263671875,
-0.1804199219,
0.2529296875,
-0.2230224609,
0.0600585938,
0.1058959961,
0.8056640625,
-0.4782714844,
-0.1502685547,
0.121887207,
0.0394287109,
-0.4775390625,
-0.734375,
0.0388793945,
-0.6020507812,
-0.2739257812,
0.3093261719,
-0.0786743164,
-0.3413085938,
-0.669921875,
-0.392578125,
-0.2386474609,
-0.7890625,
-0.0979614258,
0.3708496094,
0.2077636719,
-0.7221679688,
0.4907226562,
-0.0677490234,
0.9404296875,
0.1303710938,
-0.2270507812,
0.2763671875,
-0.2030029297,
-0.6801757812,
1.080078125,
-0.2292480469,
0.1694335938,
-0.8818359375,
-0.3054199219,
-0.0401000977,
-1.5537109375,
-0.0205078125,
-0.568359375,
-0.6489257812,
-0.0074577332,
-0.3666992188,
-1.396484375,
-0.1352539062,
0.4887695312,
0.1216430664,
-0.1478271484,
-0.625,
-0.6298828125,
-0.8916015625,
-1.1767578125,
-0.1826171875,
0.4497070312,
-0.8930664062,
-1.1123046875,
1.5625,
0.3227539062,
-0.5830078125,
-0.8857421875,
-0.2205810547,
-0.2600097656,
0.0969238281,
-0.3806152344,
-0.9506835938,
-1.2529296875,
-0.2287597656,
-0.1164550781,
-1.0615234375,
0.2019042969,
0.3569335938,
-0.0429382324,
0.8901367188,
-0.9018554688,
0.1986083984,
-0.349609375,
0.0609741211,
0.3056640625,
-0.1821289062,
0.3588867188,
-0.705078125,
-0.4548339844,
0.455078125,
-0.4963378906,
0.4489746094,
-0.6103515625,
-0.3046875,
0.0842285156,
0.78125,
0.1291503906,
-0.7001953125,
0.330078125,
0.049407959,
-0.9711914062,
-1.423828125,
-0.2048339844,
-0.0160827637,
0.2182617188,
-0.607421875,
-0.3081054688,
0.0332641602,
0.1315917969,
-0.3928222656,
-1.3837890625,
-0.0872802734,
-0.6079101562,
-0.5961914062,
-0.1766357422,
0.1309814453,
-0.4716796875,
-0.1246948242,
0.3747558594,
-0.5297851562,
-0.3791503906,
0.2197265625,
-0.2912597656,
-0.3354492188,
-1.794921875,
0.0078430176,
0.0792236328,
0.3840332031,
-0.2731933594,
0.1506347656,
-0.1512451172,
-0.3828125,
-0.9306640625,
-0.1625976562,
-0.9907226562,
-0.5498046875,
-0.521484375,
-0.0272369385,
-0.0224609375,
0.1534423828,
-0.2119140625,
-1.1435546875,
-0.0794677734,
0.845703125,
-0.4052734375,
0.2404785156,
0.5556640625,
1.0712890625,
-0.3776855469,
-0.4250488281,
0.8735351562,
0.4562988281,
-0.2468261719,
1.28515625,
0.2741699219,
-0.7387695312,
-0.3435058594,
-0.19921875,
-0.1910400391,
-0.1475830078,
0.4270019531,
0.5634765625,
-0.2687988281,
-0.2355957031,
-0.2088623047,
0.9248046875,
-0.0972900391,
-0.3745117188,
-0.1206054688,
0.2451171875,
-1.1640625,
-0.365234375,
0.3962402344,
0.3305664062,
0.2761230469,
0.6201171875,
1.2548828125,
0.43359375,
0.3610839844,
-0.0167236328,
0.4260253906,
0.4577636719,
0.5932617188,
0.6831054688,
0.0902709961,
1.2998046875,
-0.0170440674,
0.9140625,
0.4885253906,
-0.4799804688,
0.4311523438,
-0.057434082,
0.7221679688,
-0.78125,
-0.3442382812,
0.1892089844,
-1.9267578125,
0.5478515625,
-1.4775390625,
0.3051757812,
-0.4145507812,
0.8266601562,
0.3967285156,
-0.1480712891,
0.4770507812,
0.2252197266,
-0.8784179688,
-0.1434326172,
0.5737304688,
0.1837158203,
-0.0922851562,
-1.419921875,
-0.7485351562,
-0.6606445312,
-0.3278808594,
-0.0836181641,
-0.1580810547,
-0.0307769775,
-0.224609375,
-1.5625,
0.3129882812,
-0.6665039062,
0.6796875,
0.1417236328,
0.2125244141,
0.0430297852,
-0.6059570312,
-0.3405761719,
-0.3454589844,
0.8232421875,
0.1513671875,
-0.2729492188,
0.9809570312,
0.865234375,
-0.2059326172,
0.6879882812,
1.5234375,
-0.3806152344,
0.3898925781,
-0.2568359375,
0.6821289062,
-0.2342529297,
0.5141601562,
0.6606445312,
0.1881103516,
-0.6875,
-0.2902832031,
-0.0563049316,
-0.0973510742,
-0.0451965332,
-0.3618164062,
-1.17578125,
-0.7392578125,
-0.6616210938,
0.3857421875,
0.0397033691,
-0.2084960938,
-1.1962890625,
0.6748046875,
1.0234375,
0.5966796875,
-0.7358398438,
-0.95703125,
0.7905273438,
0.7119140625,
-0.1466064453,
-1.4326171875,
0.6455078125,
-0.4709472656,
-0.99609375,
-0.1895751953,
0.2924804688,
-0.5483398438,
-0.4079589844,
1.220703125,
0.7885742188,
-0.3330078125,
-0.4719238281,
0.5922851562,
0.1995849609,
-0.279296875,
0.1531982422,
-1.1357421875,
-0.423828125,
-0.2474365234,
-0.4216308594,
0.3942871094,
-1.4501953125,
-0.1641845703,
0.8833007812,
-0.6552734375,
-0.4743652344,
0.2683105469,
-0.2386474609,
-0.5747070312,
0.3935546875,
-1.056640625,
-0.8916015625,
0.7470703125,
0.1352539062,
-0.4653320312,
-0.5654296875,
-0.056640625,
0.2437744141,
1.091796875,
0.0815429688,
0.58203125,
0.5122070312,
-0.2531738281,
0.3688964844,
0.9799804688,
-0.0282592773,
-0.267578125,
-0.232421875,
-0.118347168,
-0.3400878906,
-0.1625976562,
0.5903320312,
-0.6782226562,
-0.1227416992,
-1.083984375,
0.1604003906,
0.9306640625,
-0.2666015625,
-0.6767578125,
-0.4682617188,
-0.3125,
-0.1904296875,
-0.0811157227,
0.2081298828,
-0.3334960938,
-0.3325195312,
0.3637695312,
-0.1067504883,
-0.6840820312,
0.0302276611,
-0.1893310547,
-0.830078125,
-1.6953125,
-0.1951904297,
-0.3549804688,
0.6694335938,
1.2041015625,
-0.2437744141,
0.0856933594,
0.3366699219,
-0.6870117188,
0.71484375,
-0.8090820312,
-0.3271484375,
-0.8188476562,
-0.5678710938,
-0.2580566406,
0.0726928711,
-1.1953125,
-0.0536193848,
-0.6713867188,
-1.318359375,
0.8559570312,
0.3288574219,
-0.5498046875,
0.1280517578,
-1.10546875,
-0.0862426758,
0.8740234375,
0.1903076172,
-0.3815917969,
0.3186035156,
-0.369140625,
0.2360839844,
0.7641601562,
-1.30859375,
-0.8310546875,
0.2126464844,
0.505859375,
-1.0712890625,
-0.2751464844,
0.7890625,
0.5229492188,
-0.2683105469,
1.91796875,
0.3754882812,
0.0881958008,
0.1696777344,
-0.5551757812,
0.2580566406,
-0.1142578125,
0.2386474609,
-0.7890625,
-0.0552062988,
0.4792480469,
0.9384765625,
0.1207275391,
-0.1395263672,
-0.529296875,
0.5107421875,
0.4558105469,
0.1873779297,
0.6254882812,
0.3874511719,
0.0378417969,
-0.0526123047,
0.2541503906,
-0.73046875,
-0.3444824219,
-0.1009521484,
0.1604003906,
1.1767578125,
0.8374023438,
-0.4401855469,
0.3559570312,
0.2604980469,
-0.5688476562,
-0.8159179688,
-0.5732421875,
1.3935546875,
-0.9624023438,
0.919921875,
0.646484375,
0.26953125,
-0.79296875,
-0.51171875,
0.4616699219,
0.0837402344,
-1.01953125,
0.7329101562,
0.4565429688,
1.03125,
1.2392578125,
-0.353515625,
0.6455078125,
-0.2437744141,
-0.2600097656,
0.2905273438,
-0.28125,
-0.2175292969,
-0.5458984375,
0.1962890625,
0.3693847656,
-1.2783203125,
-0.3815917969,
0.7041015625,
-0.6943359375,
-0.8759765625,
0.3898925781,
0.0102081299,
-1.22265625,
-0.0616760254,
-0.7734375,
0.3569335938,
-0.1475830078,
-0.3549804688,
0.2922363281,
0.1544189453,
1.095703125,
0.3728027344,
0.3098144531,
-0.6206054688,
0.2156982422,
-0.3195800781,
-0.2362060547,
0.2854003906,
-1.244140625,
-0.3364257812,
-0.1342773438,
-0.0077590942,
-0.2230224609,
0.0269927979,
0.6147460938,
-0.2668457031,
-0.3369140625,
0.451171875,
-1.7578125,
-0.0161895752,
-0.4252929688,
-0.0712280273,
0.0533447266,
-0.8955078125,
0.0697631836,
0.9770507812,
0.5776367188,
0.3100585938,
1.2021484375,
0.3022460938,
-0.3525390625,
-0.3657226562,
0.2349853516,
-0.361328125,
-0.5849609375,
-0.4357910156,
0.35546875,
0.521484375,
-0.2376708984,
0.5766601562,
0.3522949219,
-0.572265625,
0.640625,
-0.2130126953,
0.1422119141,
0.3083496094,
-0.3403320312,
-0.0903930664,
-0.453125,
-0.0452880859,
1.0322265625,
0.640625,
0.0532226562,
-0.7626953125,
-0.2414550781,
0.0942993164,
0.8344726562,
0.7587890625,
1.171875,
0.3332519531,
-0.1541748047,
1.072265625,
0.1030273438,
1.001953125,
0.8178710938,
1.1279296875,
0.73046875,
-0.9731445312,
-0.4155273438,
0.6303710938,
-1.091796875,
-0.4357910156,
1.3740234375,
-0.3662109375,
0.0209503174,
-0.5673828125,
-0.1142578125,
-0.4094238281,
0.3835449219,
0.1588134766,
-0.6840820312,
-0.1490478516,
0.2883300781,
0.2241210938,
-0.1828613281,
-0.0874023438,
-0.3403320312,
-0.0879516602,
-0.9067382812,
0.08203125,
-0.7163085938,
-0.2839355469,
-0.2404785156,
0.33984375,
0.4387207031,
-0.4426269531,
-0.8237304688,
-0.8256835938,
0.958984375,
-0.2736816406,
-0.6279296875,
-0.1291503906,
-0.2250976562,
0.4821777344,
0.2097167969,
0.6069335938,
0.4274902344,
-0.7456054688,
-0.4099121094,
-0.6611328125,
0.1083374023,
-0.6025390625,
0.9340820312,
0.0911254883,
0.5776367188,
-0.0276641846,
-0.9106445312,
0.4418945312,
1.2421875,
-0.3381347656,
0.4289550781,
0.4621582031,
-0.9111328125,
0.5141601562,
1.109375,
-0.0446777344,
0.4243164062,
-0.1977539062,
0.7583007812,
0.2260742188,
-0.5737304688,
-0.5029296875,
0.9091796875,
0.005115509,
0.3713378906,
0.0868530273,
0.3950195312,
-0.2834472656,
0.4697265625,
-1.193359375,
-0.4477539062,
0.4326171875,
-0.0693359375,
0.5712890625,
1.556640625,
0.5366210938,
0.0708007812,
0.5732421875,
-0.8081054688,
0.4838867188,
0.8959960938,
-1.419921875,
0.1486816406,
0.2900390625,
-0.3198242188,
0.0004808903,
-0.4487304688,
1.6650390625,
0.2834472656,
-0.0958862305,
0.0856323242,
0.5986328125,
-0.6840820312,
0.0174407959,
-0.0139846802,
0.0830688477,
0.9985351562,
0.9926757812,
-0.53515625,
0.6381835938,
0.41015625,
1.0625,
0.3793945312,
-0.361328125,
-0.5844726562,
-0.5024414062,
0.0028953552,
-0.7275390625,
0.6635742188,
0.1314697266,
0.5834960938,
0.041809082,
0.4020996094,
-0.2403564453,
-0.5913085938,
1.0927734375,
1.0712890625,
-0.1265869141,
-0.6274414062,
-0.5766601562,
0.9389648438,
-0.7802734375,
-0.6928710938,
1.0263671875,
-0.1828613281,
-0.1611328125,
-0.1436767578,
-0.0431518555,
0.1209716797,
0.4230957031,
-0.8564453125,
0.2125244141,
-1.1640625,
-0.1529541016,
0.1427001953,
0.1610107422,
-1.0576171875,
0.0162200928,
-0.4880371094,
0.0455627441,
0.30859375,
0.4421386719,
-0.837890625,
-0.5825195312,
-1.03515625,
-0.3671875,
-0.3488769531,
0.1119995117,
-0.8671875,
0.5112304688,
1.435546875,
0.400390625,
-0.25390625,
0.4931640625,
-1.2880859375,
-0.0602416992,
0.1888427734,
0.2785644531,
0.4899902344,
-0.8959960938,
-0.6206054688,
-0.4514160156,
0.2185058594,
-0.1528320312,
0.7939453125,
0.0021743774,
-0.7426757812,
1.0048828125,
1.1220703125,
-0.0213165283,
-0.0886230469,
0.1899414062,
-0.3432617188,
-0.9853515625,
0.079284668,
1.654296875,
0.521484375,
-0.3017578125,
-0.1226806641,
-0.4665527344,
-0.8442382812,
-0.1644287109,
0.3583984375,
-0.6435546875,
0.4992675781,
-0.4138183594,
0.5424804688,
-0.486328125,
0.15625,
0.8686523438,
-0.0302276611,
-0.8676757812,
-0.3068847656,
-0.0843505859,
0.66796875,
0.0880126953,
1.056640625,
1.0791015625,
-0.2335205078,
0.3427734375,
-0.904296875,
0.8950195312,
0.7919921875,
-0.7885742188,
0.4431152344,
-0.4077148438,
-0.4340820312,
-0.3833007812,
0.4895019531,
0.4174804688,
0.365234375,
-0.4291992188,
-0.5170898438,
-0.3671875,
0.0498046875,
-0.1666259766,
0.0728149414,
0.9306640625,
-0.1684570312,
1.337890625,
-0.0219421387,
1.3203125,
0.0470275879,
-0.15234375,
0.6572265625,
0.0136260986,
-0.2514648438,
-0.9516601562,
0.2445068359,
0.7905273438,
-0.2080078125,
0.2878417969,
-1.0166015625,
-0.083190918,
-0.3415527344,
0.3093261719,
0.033416748,
1.6845703125,
0.0632324219,
-0.5424804688,
0.1604003906,
0.1577148438,
0.3198242188,
0.6440429688,
0.1417236328,
0.333984375,
-0.5380859375,
-0.494140625,
-0.0431213379,
0.4289550781,
0.2751464844,
-0.49609375,
-0.0367431641,
-0.3654785156,
-1.69140625,
-0.9541015625,
0.3303222656,
0.4187011719,
0.580078125,
0.2670898438,
0.330078125,
0.5727539062,
0.2954101562,
0.4155273438,
0.8452148438,
-0.6279296875,
0.62109375,
-0.5434570312,
0.4467773438,
0.1243896484,
-0.54296875,
0.3569335938,
-0.2368164062,
0.2563476562,
2.240234375,
0.9951171875,
0.494140625,
0.2280273438,
-1.6240234375,
-0.6401367188,
0.2392578125,
0.693359375,
0.1134033203,
-0.0651245117,
0.3618164062,
1.921875,
0.4279785156,
0.4772949219,
1.2841796875,
-0.0388183594,
-0.0681762695,
-1.1435546875,
0.7548828125,
0.8427734375,
0.2590332031,
-0.3671875,
0.4487304688,
-0.4301757812,
-0.0094070435,
0.0212860107,
-0.1815185547,
-0.2939453125,
-0.1005249023,
-0.4541015625,
-0.767578125,
-0.3288574219,
-0.2458496094,
0.1549072266,
-0.0378112793,
-0.2514648438,
-0.1197509766,
0.32421875,
-0.0769042969,
0.2121582031,
0.1781005859,
-0.9443359375,
0.1170043945,
-0.2580566406,
0.2722167969,
0.4340820312,
1.26953125,
-0.09765625,
-0.0933227539,
-0.4243164062,
-0.4460449219,
-0.2768554688,
-0.7641601562,
-0.4479980469,
-0.6059570312,
-1.06640625,
0.44921875,
-0.685546875,
-0.012840271,
1.1611328125,
0.1568603516,
0.7631835938,
0.873046875,
-0.2319335938,
-0.0305023193,
-0.85546875,
-0.0731201172,
0.1691894531,
0.6196289062,
0.0550231934,
-0.255859375,
-0.2890625,
-0.3444824219,
-0.2012939453,
0.0983886719,
-0.3674316406,
-0.0314331055,
0.2087402344,
0.2858886719,
0.3686523438,
-0.1182250977,
-0.4174804688,
-0.4772949219,
-0.5854492188,
-0.4279785156,
0.0032997131,
-0.708984375,
0.3452148438,
-0.564453125,
-0.4716796875,
1.154296875,
0.2321777344,
-0.2243652344,
-0.1746826172,
-0.3640136719,
-0.3188476562,
-0.2666015625,
-0.5927734375,
1.3125,
-0.0263519287,
0.953125,
0.1462402344,
-0.484375,
-0.9326171875,
-0.1307373047,
-0.4797363281,
-0.4509277344,
0.6762695312,
0.3918457031,
-0.2198486328,
-0.1270751953,
0.7026367188,
1.7294921875,
-0.3842773438,
0.1564941406,
-0.1928710938,
-0.3745117188,
-1.4931640625,
-13.6640625,
-1.955078125,
-0.3076171875,
0.1380615234,
-0.6298828125,
0.2734375,
0.3720703125,
-0.3745117188,
-0.2092285156,
-0.0701293945,
0.8774414062,
1.0029296875,
0.4938964844,
-0.2780761719,
0.4978027344,
0.537109375,
-0.5131835938,
-0.654296875,
-1.056640625,
-0.026550293,
0.38671875,
1.0830078125,
-0.8212890625,
0.4226074219,
-0.6782226562,
-0.4609375,
0.7436523438,
-0.0634765625,
-0.1633300781,
0.7690429688,
-0.791015625,
0.1463623047,
-0.2697753906,
1.0810546875,
-0.2639160156,
-0.4592285156,
0.53125,
0.4125976562,
-0.0181884766,
-0.1983642578,
-0.671875,
-0.5385742188,
-0.5771484375,
-0.3500976562,
0.7182617188,
0.5361328125,
0.7739257812,
-0.5634765625,
0.4252929688,
-0.7983398438,
0.5346679688,
1.1328125,
0.0127716064,
-0.6508789062,
-1.51171875,
-0.6196289062,
-0.7934570312,
0.55078125,
-0.4770507812,
0.2951660156,
-0.6083984375,
1.0400390625,
0.2927246094,
0.2697753906,
-0.1900634766,
-0.7119140625,
-0.4455566406,
-0.0878295898,
-0.047668457,
-0.2049560547,
-0.4008789062,
0.1910400391,
1.181640625,
0.9282226562,
-0.1872558594,
1.17578125,
0.982421875,
-0.7158203125,
0.063659668,
0.4079589844,
-0.6416015625,
-0.4340820312
] |
These experiments, among others, were eventually reported in a brief memoir published in 1819 and later translated into English. In a memoir drafted on 30 August 1816 and revised on 6 October, Fresnel reported an experiment in which he placed two matching thin laminae in a double-slit apparatus – one over each slit, with their optic axes perpendicular – and obtained two interference patterns offset in opposite directions, with perpendicular polarizations. This, in combination with the previous findings, meant that each lamina split the incident light into perpendicularly polarized components with different velocities – just like a normal (thick) birefringent crystal, and contrary to Biot's "mobile polarization" hypothesis. Accordingly, in the same memoir, Fresnel offered his first attempt at a wave theory of chromatic polarization. When polarized light passed through a crystal lamina, it was split into ordinary and extraordinary waves (with intensities described by Malus's law), and these were perpendicularly polarized and therefore did not interfere, so that no colors were produced (yet). But if they then passed through an analyzer (second polarizer), their polarizations were brought into alignment (with intensities again modified according to Malus's law), and they would interfere. This explanation, by itself, predicts that if the analyzer is rotated 90°, the ordinary and extraordinary waves simply switch roles, so that if the analyzer takes the form of a calcite crystal, the two images of the lamina should be of the same hue (this issue is revisited below). | [
-0.4772949219,
-0.3916015625,
0.3393554688,
-0.1148071289,
-0.1848144531,
0.4836425781,
0.4284667969,
0.0761108398,
0.5,
0.4672851562,
-1.052734375,
-0.3872070312,
0.1998291016,
-0.587890625,
0.3327636719,
-0.1030273438,
-0.2492675781,
-1.099609375,
-0.29296875,
0.3544921875,
-0.4653320312,
-0.2381591797,
-1.4384765625,
0.1157226562,
-1.115234375,
-0.2778320312,
-0.0386962891,
-0.2841796875,
-0.2030029297,
-0.2619628906,
0.02784729,
0.0953369141,
-0.5014648438,
-0.7045898438,
-0.0731811523,
0.908203125,
-0.8715820312,
-0.1566162109,
0.0381469727,
-0.0106658936,
-0.0598754883,
-0.9057617188,
0.3264160156,
-0.310546875,
-0.0531005859,
-0.0114212036,
0.4536132812,
0.2641601562,
-0.4406738281,
-0.4533691406,
0.0876464844,
-0.9545898438,
0.0441894531,
0.0534667969,
0.4077148438,
-0.703125,
0.32421875,
0.4506835938,
0.3032226562,
0.0410461426,
-0.1315917969,
0.6083984375,
0.048828125,
-0.1553955078,
0.5170898438,
-0.55859375,
-0.3601074219,
-1.12890625,
-0.31640625,
0.3103027344,
-1.0166015625,
0.576171875,
-0.0875854492,
-0.56640625,
-0.3918457031,
-0.0389709473,
-1.193359375,
-0.2160644531,
0.4619140625,
0.3500976562,
-0.0084381104,
-0.419921875,
-0.2683105469,
-0.8002929688,
-1.1201171875,
-0.1942138672,
0.1171875,
-0.3425292969,
-0.9711914062,
1.6533203125,
0.3125,
-0.2149658203,
-0.6098632812,
0.3410644531,
-0.2951660156,
0.3869628906,
-0.5249023438,
-1.6201171875,
-1.3525390625,
-0.1900634766,
0.3193359375,
-0.849609375,
-0.008644104,
0.5151367188,
0.0054016113,
1.0888671875,
-0.1013793945,
0.0306396484,
-0.0448303223,
0.4587402344,
-0.1702880859,
-0.1997070312,
0.994140625,
-0.0402832031,
-0.6469726562,
0.2286376953,
-0.9379882812,
-0.51171875,
-0.2624511719,
-0.419921875,
0.4572753906,
0.114440918,
0.4501953125,
-0.3881835938,
0.4912109375,
0.4265136719,
-0.8759765625,
-0.7490234375,
-0.0732421875,
-0.091796875,
-0.1488037109,
-0.4702148438,
-0.3725585938,
0.5551757812,
-0.2888183594,
-0.8559570312,
-1.025390625,
0.1623535156,
-0.6635742188,
-0.2072753906,
-0.021987915,
0.7998046875,
-0.1319580078,
-0.3605957031,
0.0359802246,
-0.5185546875,
0.166015625,
0.2410888672,
-0.8676757812,
0.958984375,
-1.501953125,
-0.1249389648,
0.1134033203,
-0.1346435547,
-0.6577148438,
0.2399902344,
0.232421875,
-0.431640625,
-0.501953125,
0.1986083984,
-0.5942382812,
-0.4750976562,
-0.5483398438,
-0.2183837891,
-0.1207885742,
0.2198486328,
-0.2663574219,
-1.30859375,
-0.302734375,
0.8540039062,
-0.5551757812,
0.3803710938,
-0.2026367188,
0.4650878906,
-0.1918945312,
-0.9150390625,
0.830078125,
0.0999145508,
-0.037902832,
0.8310546875,
0.65234375,
-0.6806640625,
-0.1306152344,
-0.6943359375,
-0.2388916016,
-0.16015625,
-0.0810546875,
0.5908203125,
-0.3955078125,
-0.2241210938,
0.1442871094,
1.14453125,
0.4165039062,
-0.6108398438,
0.0300445557,
0.3835449219,
-0.8178710938,
0.0936889648,
0.5747070312,
0.1463623047,
-0.1312255859,
0.7724609375,
0.6245117188,
0.3786621094,
0.3891601562,
-0.322265625,
0.458984375,
0.2839355469,
0.6567382812,
0.3669433594,
-0.0054244995,
0.7861328125,
0.2365722656,
0.91796875,
0.318359375,
-0.1812744141,
0.0169525146,
0.2021484375,
0.3684082031,
-0.693359375,
-0.3139648438,
0.2104492188,
-1.25,
0.3518066406,
-1.21875,
-0.0836791992,
-0.0440063477,
0.8745117188,
0.4663085938,
-0.240234375,
0.322265625,
-0.2700195312,
-1.2626953125,
0.2927246094,
0.0789794922,
0.4074707031,
-0.1634521484,
-1.904296875,
-0.6806640625,
-0.2634277344,
-0.4963378906,
-0.5434570312,
-0.1468505859,
-0.1950683594,
-0.43359375,
-1.203125,
1.1259765625,
-0.6176757812,
0.8330078125,
0.560546875,
-0.201171875,
-0.2570800781,
-0.0936889648,
-0.41015625,
-0.3344726562,
0.2095947266,
-0.0695800781,
0.3425292969,
0.8764648438,
0.6640625,
-0.1042480469,
0.6206054688,
1.1962890625,
-0.8999023438,
0.6987304688,
-0.7329101562,
0.767578125,
0.0570678711,
-0.1685791016,
0.1782226562,
0.2507324219,
-1.041015625,
-0.0686035156,
0.1181640625,
-0.3837890625,
0.234375,
0.2116699219,
-1.1298828125,
-0.8608398438,
-0.6918945312,
0.474609375,
-0.5014648438,
-0.5551757812,
-1.0546875,
0.53515625,
0.9057617188,
0.4401855469,
-0.4304199219,
-0.36328125,
0.2915039062,
-0.0538024902,
-0.3559570312,
-1.44921875,
0.3569335938,
0.0809326172,
-0.7470703125,
-0.3654785156,
0.5913085938,
-0.6708984375,
-0.2661132812,
0.453125,
1.171875,
-0.5854492188,
0.2026367188,
0.6123046875,
0.6708984375,
0.0304260254,
-0.046661377,
-0.9428710938,
-0.1440429688,
0.3393554688,
-0.5415039062,
0.2288818359,
-1.69921875,
-0.5869140625,
0.8959960938,
-0.3435058594,
-0.0090179443,
0.8374023438,
-0.0317687988,
-0.0974731445,
0.72265625,
-0.2028808594,
-0.4404296875,
0.8481445312,
0.544921875,
-0.3308105469,
-1.2265625,
-0.2224121094,
0.2546386719,
0.880859375,
0.3278808594,
0.419921875,
0.3715820312,
-0.3029785156,
0.5576171875,
0.5639648438,
0.3955078125,
0.0536804199,
-0.2055664062,
-0.32421875,
-0.91015625,
-0.2556152344,
0.3742675781,
-0.5361328125,
0.029800415,
-1.2490234375,
-0.3271484375,
0.7578125,
-0.3610839844,
-0.2456054688,
-0.4602050781,
0.0787353516,
-0.69140625,
-0.5610351562,
0.3896484375,
-0.7465820312,
-0.767578125,
-0.3408203125,
0.0651855469,
0.1290283203,
-0.1287841797,
-0.0857543945,
-0.1696777344,
-0.939453125,
0.2814941406,
-0.1176757812,
0.4111328125,
1.1357421875,
-0.1923828125,
-0.0709228516,
0.2004394531,
-0.6499023438,
0.3344726562,
-0.4035644531,
-0.3659667969,
-1.06640625,
-0.2469482422,
-0.5087890625,
0.2690429688,
-0.4223632812,
-0.1583251953,
-0.95703125,
-0.4028320312,
1.4677734375,
-0.0428771973,
-0.7055664062,
0.2125244141,
-1.1181640625,
0.013343811,
0.5517578125,
0.32421875,
-0.089050293,
0.462890625,
-0.3251953125,
0.0492858887,
0.5048828125,
-1.880859375,
-0.8959960938,
0.1831054688,
0.3557128906,
-1.5849609375,
-0.4365234375,
0.91015625,
-0.2113037109,
-0.2354736328,
2.0078125,
-0.2261962891,
0.3657226562,
-0.0832519531,
-0.1143188477,
-0.0570068359,
0.3410644531,
-0.4501953125,
-1.1669921875,
-0.1298828125,
0.1353759766,
0.6293945312,
-0.096496582,
-0.1600341797,
-0.8095703125,
0.6689453125,
0.1535644531,
-0.3937988281,
0.7744140625,
0.1754150391,
0.1462402344,
0.0011892319,
0.2653808594,
-0.8989257812,
-0.5698242188,
-0.3754882812,
0.5048828125,
0.8842773438,
0.40234375,
-0.1525878906,
0.6499023438,
0.2330322266,
0.0065956116,
-0.8051757812,
0.3903808594,
1.3583984375,
-0.4353027344,
0.4216308594,
0.4489746094,
0.3842773438,
-0.2521972656,
-0.0183105469,
0.7456054688,
-0.1834716797,
-0.3540039062,
0.1254882812,
-0.0724487305,
0.6010742188,
0.9140625,
-0.6708984375,
0.2692871094,
0.0719604492,
-0.1976318359,
-0.1285400391,
0.0778198242,
0.2081298828,
-0.1903076172,
-0.1022949219,
0.2403564453,
-0.8818359375,
-0.4895019531,
0.8540039062,
-0.6826171875,
-0.3371582031,
0.1832275391,
-0.2408447266,
-0.93359375,
-0.4787597656,
-0.7895507812,
0.3645019531,
-0.0178375244,
-0.1135253906,
0.3698730469,
-0.1384277344,
0.7470703125,
0.3249511719,
-0.0383300781,
-0.4592285156,
0.103515625,
-0.4697265625,
-0.4184570312,
0.263671875,
-0.6850585938,
-0.4814453125,
-0.2468261719,
0.1719970703,
0.0559692383,
0.3415527344,
0.5595703125,
-0.1954345703,
-0.5029296875,
0.2348632812,
-1.9609375,
-0.2152099609,
-0.061706543,
0.051361084,
0.1312255859,
-0.7978515625,
-0.1654052734,
1.2255859375,
0.6333007812,
0.345703125,
0.8774414062,
0.4274902344,
-0.2905273438,
-0.1345214844,
0.1359863281,
0.1199951172,
-0.1213989258,
-0.4443359375,
0.8100585938,
0.2155761719,
-0.3654785156,
0.4460449219,
0.6186523438,
-0.4047851562,
1.51953125,
-0.2088623047,
-0.60546875,
0.580078125,
0.1125488281,
-0.1510009766,
-0.568359375,
0.2266845703,
1.2080078125,
0.8979492188,
-0.1477050781,
0.09765625,
-0.3571777344,
-0.1735839844,
1.3232421875,
0.7236328125,
1.0029296875,
0.4704589844,
0.4758300781,
1.23046875,
-0.1837158203,
0.6552734375,
0.7387695312,
1.318359375,
0.5283203125,
-0.112487793,
-0.6772460938,
0.8754882812,
-0.5122070312,
-0.5341796875,
0.8354492188,
0.2227783203,
-0.5673828125,
-0.7109375,
-0.294921875,
-0.0139694214,
0.7377929688,
0.0803222656,
-0.3134765625,
0.3693847656,
0.4099121094,
0.6333007812,
-0.2113037109,
-0.416015625,
0.2416992188,
-0.4519042969,
-0.8359375,
-0.1713867188,
-0.4543457031,
-1.1748046875,
-0.15234375,
0.1890869141,
0.3344726562,
-0.6391601562,
-0.7158203125,
-0.4836425781,
0.5859375,
-0.0293121338,
-0.8798828125,
0.3159179688,
0.2407226562,
0.6469726562,
0.4755859375,
0.0113220215,
0.4123535156,
-0.6401367188,
-0.3391113281,
-0.3361816406,
-0.2971191406,
-0.2493896484,
0.4609375,
-0.4367675781,
0.5966796875,
0.0975341797,
-1.0537109375,
0.2658691406,
1.09765625,
0.0215148926,
0.5390625,
0.1150512695,
-1.0703125,
0.8559570312,
0.890625,
0.045501709,
-0.2373046875,
0.3198242188,
0.2727050781,
0.0735473633,
-0.2126464844,
-0.9091796875,
0.953125,
-0.1917724609,
0.1726074219,
-0.0813598633,
-0.2512207031,
-0.5400390625,
-0.1059570312,
-1.4267578125,
-0.6474609375,
-0.2061767578,
0.0656738281,
0.4204101562,
1.8017578125,
0.4450683594,
-0.0429077148,
0.5424804688,
-0.4968261719,
0.3757324219,
0.3725585938,
-1.421875,
0.34765625,
0.1741943359,
-0.0708007812,
0.2541503906,
-0.3913574219,
0.8940429688,
0.4323730469,
0.7915039062,
-0.1270751953,
0.2719726562,
-0.1044311523,
-0.2489013672,
0.7255859375,
0.1203613281,
1.1162109375,
0.5517578125,
-0.7412109375,
0.2600097656,
0.4431152344,
0.697265625,
0.4577636719,
-0.2570800781,
0.1915283203,
-0.4306640625,
0.3427734375,
-0.3815917969,
0.0019798279,
-0.13671875,
1.162109375,
0.4948730469,
0.3413085938,
-0.4665527344,
-0.2114257812,
0.7211914062,
0.7983398438,
0.0676879883,
-0.1411132812,
-0.5224609375,
1.0927734375,
-0.4387207031,
-0.9204101562,
1.2861328125,
-0.0008077621,
0.1995849609,
-0.6782226562,
-0.4853515625,
-0.2131347656,
0.8256835938,
-0.646484375,
-0.0215148926,
-0.8671875,
0.177734375,
0.2980957031,
-0.0428161621,
-1.669921875,
0.1016235352,
-1.3857421875,
0.7143554688,
0.1857910156,
0.0703735352,
-0.7543945312,
-0.7583007812,
-1.3388671875,
-0.4343261719,
0.3146972656,
0.33984375,
-0.859375,
0.1018676758,
0.9990234375,
-0.0202789307,
-0.3444824219,
0.1279296875,
-1.294921875,
-0.112487793,
0.4135742188,
-0.0231781006,
0.57421875,
-0.9638671875,
-0.8920898438,
-0.6137695312,
0.341796875,
0.4279785156,
0.8637695312,
-0.3598632812,
-1.318359375,
1.486328125,
1.1396484375,
-0.1536865234,
0.1018676758,
0.869140625,
-0.65234375,
-0.6708984375,
-0.6513671875,
1.7197265625,
0.3820800781,
0.1688232422,
-0.2445068359,
-0.5009765625,
-1.0185546875,
-0.1856689453,
0.533203125,
-0.3840332031,
0.3325195312,
-0.5986328125,
0.724609375,
-0.1148071289,
0.3090820312,
1.0458984375,
0.1928710938,
-0.92578125,
-0.2161865234,
-0.7998046875,
0.4340820312,
0.1710205078,
0.7983398438,
1.03125,
-0.2271728516,
-0.0429382324,
-1.177734375,
0.0450439453,
0.958984375,
0.0739746094,
-0.201171875,
-0.3627929688,
-0.4536132812,
-0.4736328125,
0.3413085938,
0.2197265625,
0.1136474609,
0.1364746094,
-0.6630859375,
-0.4223632812,
-0.0523681641,
0.7661132812,
0.1361083984,
0.7001953125,
-0.0102767944,
1.1748046875,
0.1923828125,
0.8779296875,
0.2802734375,
-0.5229492188,
0.5502929688,
-0.3122558594,
-0.2580566406,
-1.1953125,
0.5668945312,
0.5849609375,
-1.1591796875,
0.2121582031,
-0.603515625,
-0.0578308105,
-0.4240722656,
0.0487670898,
-0.1362304688,
1.44140625,
-0.130859375,
-0.515625,
0.1478271484,
0.1401367188,
0.3557128906,
0.5063476562,
0.3952636719,
-0.0666503906,
-0.4267578125,
-0.5625,
-0.071105957,
0.263671875,
0.3759765625,
-0.9013671875,
0.1812744141,
-0.5834960938,
-1.9736328125,
-0.1394042969,
0.5419921875,
0.4606933594,
0.8217773438,
0.2839355469,
0.6938476562,
0.4365234375,
0.0026779175,
0.6713867188,
0.9736328125,
-0.4919433594,
-0.2127685547,
-0.1639404297,
0.548828125,
0.53125,
-0.21875,
0.3635253906,
0.0475158691,
-0.3642578125,
1.146484375,
1.056640625,
-0.2573242188,
0.509765625,
-1.3857421875,
-0.4157714844,
0.578125,
0.9848632812,
-0.2216796875,
0.1383056641,
0.8364257812,
1.8427734375,
0.1011352539,
-0.0389404297,
0.2758789062,
0.0428466797,
0.5883789062,
-1.5107421875,
0.7548828125,
0.5341796875,
0.2775878906,
0.073059082,
0.5170898438,
-0.2756347656,
-0.6572265625,
-0.6474609375,
-0.2293701172,
-0.2790527344,
-0.3803710938,
-0.7211914062,
-0.8427734375,
-0.6337890625,
-0.2548828125,
0.1798095703,
-0.2388916016,
-0.3112792969,
0.2883300781,
0.2661132812,
0.3029785156,
-0.1831054688,
-0.53125,
-0.591796875,
0.2022705078,
-0.4794921875,
0.5141601562,
0.2744140625,
0.9272460938,
-0.0296325684,
-0.3762207031,
-0.4755859375,
-0.0292358398,
0.0764160156,
-0.9536132812,
-0.6875,
-1.4033203125,
-0.6088867188,
0.5776367188,
0.0433044434,
0.3540039062,
0.9038085938,
0.2260742188,
0.1771240234,
0.4645996094,
-0.1437988281,
-0.2907714844,
-0.7729492188,
0.4128417969,
0.326171875,
0.8344726562,
0.4738769531,
-0.171875,
-0.2692871094,
-0.4445800781,
-0.1189575195,
-0.14453125,
-0.0243682861,
-0.4807128906,
0.5478515625,
0.1944580078,
0.1479492188,
-0.3400878906,
-0.771484375,
0.2032470703,
-1.267578125,
-0.1194458008,
-0.0558776855,
-0.3422851562,
0.3471679688,
-0.1245117188,
-0.3896484375,
1.361328125,
0.0885009766,
0.1225585938,
-0.2810058594,
-0.3715820312,
0.0981445312,
0.1831054688,
0.0558776855,
1.716796875,
-0.5415039062,
0.578125,
0.2485351562,
-0.4951171875,
-1.1826171875,
-0.2504882812,
-0.5424804688,
-0.2014160156,
0.8950195312,
0.2756347656,
-1.423828125,
-0.5375976562,
1.171875,
1.5263671875,
-0.6323242188,
0.4914550781,
0.065612793,
0.0972900391,
-1.083984375,
-13.9921875,
-1.6376953125,
0.0565795898,
-0.384765625,
-1.208984375,
0.5102539062,
-0.0397338867,
-0.896484375,
0.0348205566,
0.3859863281,
0.9887695312,
0.3974609375,
0.5825195312,
-0.5771484375,
0.7758789062,
0.5795898438,
-0.1252441406,
-0.4453125,
-0.8305664062,
-0.0101318359,
0.6420898438,
1.171875,
-0.9321289062,
0.4543457031,
-0.5444335938,
-0.1613769531,
0.2170410156,
-0.0592651367,
-0.3620605469,
0.642578125,
-0.8793945312,
0.3012695312,
-0.2602539062,
0.6752929688,
-0.7563476562,
-0.8603515625,
0.7504882812,
0.1378173828,
-0.5966796875,
-0.1373291016,
-0.8110351562,
-0.4541015625,
-0.0854492188,
0.228515625,
0.0298614502,
0.5678710938,
0.1857910156,
-0.1533203125,
0.3720703125,
-0.6108398438,
0.3933105469,
1.37109375,
0.30859375,
-0.3642578125,
-1.15234375,
0.205078125,
-1.1357421875,
0.5083007812,
-0.2600097656,
0.0703735352,
-0.6142578125,
0.9208984375,
0.3422851562,
0.2775878906,
-0.3044433594,
-0.703125,
-0.3793945312,
-0.6318359375,
0.1431884766,
-0.3811035156,
-0.3173828125,
0.4252929688,
1.724609375,
0.9262695312,
0.0136032104,
0.9931640625,
0.3452148438,
-0.1237792969,
-0.5029296875,
0.4616699219,
-0.4311523438,
-0.0729370117
] |
But in fact, as Arago and Biot had found, they are of complementary colors. To correct the prediction, Fresnel proposed a phase-inversion rule whereby one of the constituent waves of one of the two images suffered an additional 180° phase shift on its way through the lamina. This inversion was a weakness in the theory relative to Biot's, as Fresnel acknowledged, although the rule specified which of the two images had the inverted wave. Moreover, Fresnel could deal only with special cases, because he had not yet solved the problem of superposing sinusoidal functions with arbitrary phase differences due to propagation at different velocities through the lamina. He solved that problem in a "supplement" signed on 15 January 1818 (mentioned above). In the same document, he accommodated Malus's law by proposing an underlying law: that if polarized light is incident on a birefringent crystal with its optic axis at an angle θ to the "plane of polarization", the ordinary and extraordinary vibrations (as functions of time) are scaled by the factors cosθ and sinθ, respectively. Although modern readers easily interpret these factors in terms of perpendicular components of a transverse oscillation, Fresnel did not (yet) explain them that way. Hence he still needed the phase-inversion rule. He applied all these principles to a case of chromatic polarization not covered by Biot's formulae, involving two successive laminae with axes separated by 45°, and obtained predictions that disagreed with Biot's experiments (except in special cases) but agreed with his own. | [
-0.3193359375,
-0.4633789062,
0.4829101562,
0.2137451172,
-0.3891601562,
-0.0450439453,
0.6298828125,
0.5908203125,
0.2922363281,
0.0585632324,
-0.5541992188,
-0.0911865234,
0.1003417969,
-0.6606445312,
0.0926513672,
0.2408447266,
-0.3583984375,
-0.5375976562,
-0.2836914062,
-0.19140625,
0.0122833252,
-0.5532226562,
-1.126953125,
-0.073425293,
-0.9741210938,
-0.265625,
0.591796875,
-0.3532714844,
-0.3122558594,
-0.5693359375,
0.0065498352,
-0.6430664062,
0.4533691406,
0.3591308594,
-0.4709472656,
1.953125,
-0.4470214844,
0.423828125,
0.0002765656,
-0.0377807617,
0.2191162109,
-0.5932617188,
0.099609375,
-0.0744628906,
-0.291015625,
0.8627929688,
0.3112792969,
0.3447265625,
-0.4177246094,
-1.0361328125,
0.7846679688,
-1.140625,
-0.7309570312,
-0.1352539062,
0.3742675781,
-1.6875,
0.0708618164,
-0.0173950195,
0.1140136719,
-0.4311523438,
-1.109375,
0.9814453125,
0.2934570312,
-1.1484375,
0.185546875,
-0.2609863281,
-0.4431152344,
0.0397338867,
0.1212158203,
0.826171875,
-0.2142333984,
0.7778320312,
0.2607421875,
-0.6728515625,
0.2269287109,
-0.1195678711,
-1.9873046875,
0.035369873,
0.3596191406,
0.3828125,
-0.8466796875,
-0.7783203125,
-0.3974609375,
-0.8745117188,
-1.2578125,
-0.2770996094,
-0.0059814453,
-0.2685546875,
-0.861328125,
1.1552734375,
0.3603515625,
-0.5551757812,
-0.53125,
0.5205078125,
-0.2600097656,
-0.6137695312,
-0.0911254883,
-2.01953125,
-1.3251953125,
-0.0635375977,
0.31640625,
-1.0498046875,
1.0830078125,
0.2454833984,
-0.1677246094,
1.2685546875,
-0.87890625,
0.0052032471,
0.3449707031,
0.5532226562,
-0.1145629883,
-0.2670898438,
0.7124023438,
-0.6630859375,
-0.1453857422,
0.9501953125,
-0.681640625,
-0.0922241211,
-0.9243164062,
0.279296875,
0.810546875,
-0.5581054688,
-0.030960083,
-0.6489257812,
0.1932373047,
0.0405883789,
-0.3264160156,
-0.546875,
0.4599609375,
-0.0695800781,
0.010925293,
0.171875,
0.0758666992,
0.6372070312,
-0.2125244141,
-0.4033203125,
-0.6186523438,
0.0997314453,
0.2452392578,
-0.0396118164,
-0.2622070312,
-0.0292510986,
-0.0508117676,
-0.1755371094,
0.0749511719,
-0.1849365234,
-0.0008349419,
-0.2680664062,
-0.2995605469,
0.7509765625,
-0.521484375,
-0.365234375,
-0.0000837445,
-0.6005859375,
-0.453125,
0.0027637482,
-0.2122802734,
0.3454589844,
-1.2626953125,
-0.1784667969,
-0.896484375,
0.443359375,
-0.1405029297,
0.1920166016,
-0.0628662109,
0.0698242188,
-0.2479248047,
-0.56640625,
-0.2001953125,
0.3413085938,
-1.0927734375,
0.6552734375,
-0.6635742188,
0.5419921875,
0.3291015625,
-0.3745117188,
0.6010742188,
0.2457275391,
-0.2692871094,
0.8647460938,
0.4255371094,
-1.1455078125,
0.162109375,
-0.3442382812,
0.4594726562,
-0.4182128906,
0.5712890625,
0.1989746094,
-0.6909179688,
-0.7465820312,
-0.591796875,
0.4025878906,
0.2902832031,
-0.4091796875,
-0.3923339844,
0.4201660156,
-0.8828125,
0.4206542969,
-0.0740356445,
0.580078125,
0.6938476562,
0.9931640625,
0.4348144531,
0.048614502,
0.4052734375,
-0.8881835938,
0.1669921875,
0.1774902344,
-0.1154174805,
0.6928710938,
-0.6884765625,
0.7866210938,
-0.513671875,
0.3642578125,
1.150390625,
0.3776855469,
0.0608520508,
-0.1773681641,
0.96484375,
-0.86328125,
0.083984375,
0.2775878906,
-1.451171875,
0.830078125,
-0.6977539062,
-0.2199707031,
-0.1711425781,
1.1826171875,
0.5297851562,
0.1502685547,
0.0866088867,
0.0887451172,
-1.8017578125,
0.1529541016,
1.3369140625,
0.0514526367,
0.1156005859,
-1.5908203125,
-0.3159179688,
-0.2042236328,
-0.3210449219,
-0.75390625,
0.3911132812,
-0.373046875,
0.0291748047,
-0.8188476562,
0.8745117188,
0.0346984863,
0.4152832031,
0.8037109375,
-0.2290039062,
-0.0917358398,
-0.0970458984,
-0.1021728516,
-0.0629272461,
0.58984375,
-0.3317871094,
0.0635375977,
0.533203125,
0.8686523438,
0.3403320312,
0.1604003906,
0.943359375,
-0.86328125,
0.4018554688,
-0.2258300781,
0.5517578125,
0.0845336914,
0.896484375,
0.1198120117,
-0.1101074219,
-1.5458984375,
-0.5532226562,
-0.4738769531,
-0.0489196777,
0.4914550781,
-0.150390625,
-1.2265625,
-0.7060546875,
-0.8344726562,
0.2932128906,
-0.5966796875,
-1.171875,
-0.85546875,
0.6547851562,
1.13671875,
0.0465393066,
-0.9077148438,
-0.5380859375,
0.9658203125,
0.1383056641,
-0.4853515625,
-0.9956054688,
0.2683105469,
-0.2479248047,
0.2349853516,
0.0252227783,
0.3557128906,
-0.5493164062,
-0.6474609375,
0.4890136719,
1.275390625,
-0.5571289062,
0.1497802734,
0.4719238281,
0.943359375,
-0.3835449219,
0.296875,
-0.3181152344,
0.4716796875,
0.2543945312,
0.0501708984,
-0.0842895508,
-0.779296875,
-0.3779296875,
0.2318115234,
0.4055175781,
-1.080078125,
0.388671875,
0.3872070312,
-0.0289154053,
0.4318847656,
-0.1234741211,
-0.1210327148,
0.3354492188,
0.1435546875,
-0.4104003906,
-1.1611328125,
0.2922363281,
0.1672363281,
0.748046875,
0.0930786133,
-0.0377807617,
0.4399414062,
-0.259765625,
0.0394592285,
-0.0054626465,
0.7529296875,
-0.3605957031,
0.3452148438,
0.328125,
-0.0921630859,
-0.9018554688,
-0.0527648926,
0.1437988281,
0.4938964844,
-1.5419921875,
-0.31640625,
1.0146484375,
-0.3913574219,
-0.0180511475,
0.0703735352,
-0.4135742188,
-0.9814453125,
-0.8100585938,
-0.3056640625,
-0.955078125,
-0.6772460938,
0.5473632812,
-0.1359863281,
0.0078430176,
-0.3188476562,
-0.6176757812,
-0.3735351562,
-0.8154296875,
-0.4750976562,
0.6499023438,
0.6127929688,
1.0771484375,
0.0177307129,
-0.3203125,
-0.9731445312,
-0.7514648438,
0.5541992188,
0.0328369141,
-0.3828125,
-0.9765625,
-0.3344726562,
-0.50390625,
-0.0470275879,
-0.650390625,
-0.4362792969,
-0.8935546875,
-0.4597167969,
0.7041015625,
0.1187133789,
-0.73828125,
0.4992675781,
-0.3586425781,
0.4360351562,
0.46875,
0.3134765625,
-0.8139648438,
1.236328125,
0.0803833008,
-0.806640625,
0.1041259766,
-0.2418212891,
-0.9418945312,
0.2707519531,
-0.1989746094,
-0.97265625,
-0.0153045654,
1.0244140625,
0.0809326172,
0.2895507812,
2.4140625,
-0.8442382812,
0.3864746094,
-0.0477294922,
-0.0633544922,
0.9760742188,
0.2575683594,
-0.23828125,
-0.80859375,
0.0399780273,
0.67578125,
0.5112304688,
-0.3913574219,
0.1168212891,
-0.8198242188,
0.8779296875,
-0.3522949219,
-0.2124023438,
0.7919921875,
0.1756591797,
-0.6059570312,
-0.1768798828,
-0.1646728516,
-1.0498046875,
-0.529296875,
-0.8198242188,
0.3325195312,
0.69921875,
0.5903320312,
-0.427734375,
0.1530761719,
-0.2078857422,
-0.4177246094,
-0.2646484375,
0.2114257812,
1.005859375,
-0.8090820312,
0.2329101562,
0.9926757812,
0.7397460938,
-0.8422851562,
-0.4035644531,
0.818359375,
0.1947021484,
-0.3571777344,
0.912109375,
0.2233886719,
0.8564453125,
1.2392578125,
-0.3779296875,
0.9052734375,
-0.490234375,
-0.0758056641,
-0.3515625,
0.0312194824,
0.2373046875,
-0.171875,
0.4714355469,
-0.0866088867,
-1.24609375,
-0.4113769531,
0.4604492188,
-0.3725585938,
-0.5502929688,
0.0117263794,
-0.341796875,
-0.5166015625,
-0.30078125,
-1.232421875,
0.0897827148,
-0.0374145508,
-0.3349609375,
0.1997070312,
-0.4748535156,
1.31640625,
0.1044311523,
0.063293457,
-0.2182617188,
0.0178375244,
-0.1864013672,
-0.68359375,
0.6206054688,
-0.5297851562,
-0.3088378906,
0.1446533203,
0.1944580078,
1.041015625,
0.5424804688,
0.9091796875,
-0.4699707031,
-0.943359375,
-0.0287017822,
-1.66015625,
-0.8266601562,
-0.0858764648,
0.0036354065,
-0.1516113281,
-0.0243530273,
0.2517089844,
0.8330078125,
-0.5908203125,
-0.1956787109,
0.3432617188,
0.8637695312,
-0.0341491699,
-0.2193603516,
0.7583007812,
0.1256103516,
-0.1146240234,
-0.7177734375,
0.8383789062,
0.1053466797,
-0.716796875,
0.83203125,
0.0251312256,
-0.3415527344,
0.58203125,
-0.5180664062,
-0.2327880859,
0.7158203125,
0.3125,
0.2098388672,
-0.0236816406,
0.6342773438,
0.7490234375,
0.0415649414,
0.2734375,
-0.58984375,
-0.9545898438,
0.2727050781,
1.14453125,
1.3896484375,
0.6459960938,
0.4631347656,
1.4296875,
1.123046875,
-0.4177246094,
0.9038085938,
0.6977539062,
1.525390625,
0.576171875,
-0.2878417969,
-0.7236328125,
1.037109375,
-0.7631835938,
-0.4777832031,
1.2060546875,
-0.1730957031,
-0.1945800781,
-0.4157714844,
-0.55078125,
-0.1165161133,
-0.0509338379,
-0.291015625,
-0.7119140625,
0.46484375,
-0.1019897461,
-0.1817626953,
-0.3618164062,
-0.7548828125,
0.4108886719,
-0.2143554688,
-0.7373046875,
0.1064453125,
-0.57421875,
-0.5942382812,
-0.1663818359,
-0.4267578125,
0.2312011719,
-1.4228515625,
0.2541503906,
-0.3549804688,
-0.0376586914,
-1.2568359375,
-0.58203125,
-0.0207672119,
0.0485534668,
0.1346435547,
-0.3447265625,
0.1622314453,
-0.0208892822,
-1.26171875,
-0.1843261719,
-0.5678710938,
0.0572509766,
0.1470947266,
0.7265625,
0.0473327637,
0.6127929688,
-0.2573242188,
-0.5258789062,
0.4978027344,
1.4541015625,
-0.1795654297,
-0.3740234375,
0.37109375,
-0.7788085938,
0.3742675781,
1.177734375,
-0.6274414062,
-0.1629638672,
0.4978027344,
0.2008056641,
-0.1989746094,
0.1414794922,
-0.6791992188,
0.560546875,
-0.0841674805,
-0.0271911621,
0.8500976562,
-0.857421875,
-0.6899414062,
0.0207519531,
-2.13671875,
-0.8120117188,
-0.6044921875,
0.3674316406,
0.3569335938,
0.7143554688,
-0.2700195312,
-0.1311035156,
0.0421142578,
-0.2849121094,
0.8447265625,
-0.1951904297,
-1.177734375,
0.2000732422,
0.3210449219,
0.0268707275,
0.6938476562,
-0.4020996094,
1.095703125,
0.4279785156,
0.3251953125,
0.063293457,
0.0893554688,
0.1682128906,
-0.1533203125,
0.7607421875,
0.7900390625,
0.5717773438,
0.1638183594,
-0.6372070312,
0.5927734375,
0.6396484375,
0.6508789062,
0.1004638672,
-0.3269042969,
-0.2244873047,
-0.1857910156,
0.0935058594,
-0.4541015625,
-0.1077880859,
0.29296875,
1.21875,
-0.248046875,
-0.0115737915,
-0.4877929688,
-0.642578125,
1.3818359375,
0.6948242188,
-0.0221099854,
-1.181640625,
0.1259765625,
0.7763671875,
-0.8251953125,
-1.087890625,
0.8017578125,
-0.6904296875,
0.6694335938,
-0.3425292969,
-0.1713867188,
-0.2030029297,
0.1838378906,
-0.7021484375,
-0.3139648438,
-0.5043945312,
0.505859375,
0.1227416992,
-0.2917480469,
-1.005859375,
0.1339111328,
-0.6655273438,
0.76953125,
-0.1073608398,
-0.3103027344,
-0.8701171875,
0.0699462891,
-1.2197265625,
-1.3076171875,
-0.30078125,
0.607421875,
0.1589355469,
0.3874511719,
0.4626464844,
-0.2531738281,
-0.3891601562,
0.3693847656,
-0.2490234375,
-0.2015380859,
0.7309570312,
-0.1737060547,
0.5249023438,
-0.9428710938,
-0.2553710938,
-0.4875488281,
0.2049560547,
-0.041595459,
0.1128540039,
-0.4799804688,
-0.8647460938,
0.7109375,
0.728515625,
-0.054901123,
-0.1164550781,
0.259765625,
-0.56640625,
-0.5297851562,
-0.3820800781,
1.134765625,
0.0480957031,
0.0406494141,
0.4860839844,
-0.6904296875,
-1.0322265625,
0.1304931641,
0.5063476562,
-0.2354736328,
-0.7138671875,
0.1104125977,
0.90234375,
0.9809570312,
0.7622070312,
0.6201171875,
0.1495361328,
-1.1923828125,
-0.7309570312,
0.6772460938,
0.1300048828,
0.0547790527,
1.2255859375,
0.3737792969,
0.0810546875,
-0.3623046875,
-1.203125,
0.1324462891,
0.640625,
0.5649414062,
-0.0393066406,
-0.1361083984,
-0.1673583984,
0.1139526367,
0.7993164062,
-0.4467773438,
-0.0111846924,
-0.3188476562,
-0.673828125,
-0.2902832031,
-0.0640869141,
0.8115234375,
-0.3220214844,
0.447265625,
0.0462036133,
1.1162109375,
-0.1197509766,
0.81640625,
0.0156555176,
-0.650390625,
0.447265625,
-0.3493652344,
-0.48046875,
-1.2099609375,
0.7880859375,
0.4245605469,
-0.9887695312,
0.0144271851,
-1.056640625,
-0.3154296875,
-0.2182617188,
0.4328613281,
-0.6118164062,
1.28515625,
0.0830688477,
0.0262756348,
0.4599609375,
0.1524658203,
0.3303222656,
0.427734375,
0.2020263672,
0.9702148438,
-0.4797363281,
-0.8100585938,
-0.3322753906,
0.4748535156,
0.6469726562,
-0.8935546875,
0.4321289062,
-0.6401367188,
-1.728515625,
-0.2147216797,
0.3718261719,
0.3349609375,
0.3129882812,
0.2087402344,
1.3330078125,
0.0528869629,
-0.0204467773,
0.7041015625,
0.7001953125,
-0.478515625,
-0.0462036133,
-0.0789794922,
0.1203613281,
1.177734375,
0.2824707031,
0.1326904297,
-0.2106933594,
-0.4353027344,
1.123046875,
0.7788085938,
0.3508300781,
0.0111465454,
-1.4775390625,
-0.3063964844,
0.072265625,
0.380859375,
-0.1883544922,
-0.0128936768,
0.69921875,
0.7661132812,
1.1650390625,
-0.1845703125,
-0.010597229,
0.083190918,
0.7026367188,
-1.197265625,
0.5400390625,
0.1236572266,
-0.2473144531,
0.59765625,
0.765625,
0.0095672607,
-0.3701171875,
-0.8974609375,
-0.065246582,
-0.2208251953,
-0.3073730469,
-0.3305664062,
-0.3959960938,
-0.51953125,
-0.091003418,
0.7524414062,
-0.1625976562,
-0.3193359375,
0.1335449219,
0.2846679688,
0.705078125,
-0.4777832031,
0.0837402344,
-0.3559570312,
-0.310546875,
-0.3298339844,
-0.1401367188,
-0.1641845703,
0.7124023438,
-0.6005859375,
0.1734619141,
-0.5537109375,
-0.5688476562,
-0.1143188477,
-1.2216796875,
-0.0557556152,
-0.8442382812,
-0.5180664062,
0.6909179688,
0.1026000977,
0.1049804688,
0.4765625,
0.3420410156,
0.1936035156,
0.0907592773,
-0.2966308594,
0.2451171875,
-0.568359375,
0.7377929688,
0.4274902344,
0.6416015625,
0.1694335938,
-0.2362060547,
-0.2858886719,
-0.0545959473,
0.5053710938,
0.0739135742,
0.1571044922,
0.1303710938,
0.1016235352,
0.31640625,
-0.0816650391,
-0.4821777344,
-0.0794677734,
0.1975097656,
-0.3618164062,
0.4086914062,
-0.3151855469,
-0.1634521484,
0.677734375,
-0.091796875,
-0.6284179688,
1.6865234375,
0.5668945312,
0.3742675781,
0.3388671875,
-0.4545898438,
-0.5913085938,
0.697265625,
-0.2888183594,
1.1748046875,
-0.390625,
0.3571777344,
-0.1287841797,
0.1530761719,
-0.3774414062,
-0.1898193359,
-0.3623046875,
-0.3967285156,
0.6865234375,
0.6196289062,
-1.3515625,
-0.2961425781,
0.9755859375,
1.1396484375,
-0.6528320312,
0.1016235352,
-0.7294921875,
0.4138183594,
-0.6831054688,
-13.9140625,
-1.529296875,
-0.0281982422,
0.572265625,
-1.2783203125,
0.564453125,
-0.091796875,
-0.3508300781,
-0.4299316406,
0.014465332,
0.1165771484,
0.5439453125,
0.0963134766,
-0.2351074219,
0.0442810059,
0.1477050781,
-0.4089355469,
-0.0853271484,
-1.03515625,
-0.092590332,
0.6791992188,
1.052734375,
-0.6791992188,
0.4396972656,
-1.1611328125,
-0.5634765625,
0.4157714844,
0.0051689148,
0.1531982422,
1.3486328125,
-0.4396972656,
0.0881347656,
-0.31640625,
-0.2216796875,
-0.2944335938,
-0.6181640625,
0.2626953125,
0.1116333008,
-0.1744384766,
-0.0112533569,
-0.6240234375,
-0.2673339844,
-0.5014648438,
-0.1304931641,
0.0037593842,
0.5141601562,
0.2939453125,
-0.853515625,
0.26171875,
-0.5043945312,
-0.3061523438,
0.2670898438,
0.0642700195,
-0.0264892578,
-1.23046875,
-0.3532714844,
-1.240234375,
0.4597167969,
0.4353027344,
0.5126953125,
-0.4223632812,
0.9047851562,
1.6787109375,
0.3645019531,
-0.1026000977,
-0.7290039062,
-1.0849609375,
-0.625,
-0.0772705078,
-0.2464599609,
-0.0943603516,
0.416015625,
1.609375,
0.7846679688,
0.4514160156,
0.6787109375,
0.2692871094,
0.2322998047,
0.4235839844,
0.234375,
-0.4990234375,
0.5444335938
] |
Fresnel applied the same principles to the standard case of chromatic polarization, in which one birefringent lamina was sliced parallel to its axis and placed between a polarizer and an analyzer. If the analyzer took the form of a thick calcite crystal with its axis in the plane of polarization, Fresnel predicted that the intensities of the ordinary and extraordinary images of the lamina were respectively proportional to
where is the angle from the initial plane of polarization to the optic axis of the lamina, is the angle from the initial plane of polarization to the plane of polarization of the final ordinary image, and is the phase lag of the extraordinary wave relative to the ordinary wave due to the difference in propagation times through the lamina. The terms in are the frequency-dependent terms and explain why the lamina must be thin in order to produce discernible colors: if the lamina is too thick, will pass through too many cycles as the frequency varies through the visible range, and the eye (which divides the visible spectrum into only three bands) will not be able to resolve the cycles. From these equations it is easily verified that for all so that the colors are complementary. Without the phase-inversion rule, there would be a plus sign in front of the last term in the second equation, so that the -dependent term would be the same in both equations, implying (incorrectly) that the colors were of the same hue. These equations were included in an undated note that Fresnel gave to Biot, to which Biot added a few lines of his own. | [
-0.4462890625,
-0.0425109863,
0.3908691406,
0.4147949219,
0.1745605469,
0.384765625,
0.4621582031,
0.3054199219,
-0.1325683594,
-0.0599060059,
-0.8369140625,
0.0158691406,
-0.1184082031,
-0.3674316406,
-0.0243988037,
0.1446533203,
0.06640625,
-0.3884277344,
-0.1320800781,
-0.0099411011,
0.1820068359,
-0.0907592773,
-0.8178710938,
-0.2189941406,
-0.55078125,
-0.2590332031,
0.8676757812,
-1.1015625,
-0.108581543,
-0.8466796875,
-0.8618164062,
-0.1475830078,
-0.1890869141,
0.0156860352,
-0.2041015625,
0.8081054688,
-0.4638671875,
-0.0503845215,
-0.0025463104,
-0.2028808594,
0.4587402344,
-0.1508789062,
-0.4846191406,
0.2290039062,
-0.310546875,
0.7866210938,
0.6518554688,
0.2067871094,
-0.6416015625,
-0.3483886719,
0.54296875,
-1.146484375,
-0.4826660156,
0.0067558289,
0.2416992188,
-0.8598632812,
0.6557617188,
0.0079040527,
0.4455566406,
-0.4841308594,
-0.5166015625,
0.8618164062,
0.4677734375,
-0.5571289062,
0.1871337891,
-0.2778320312,
-0.4274902344,
0.2849121094,
-0.3447265625,
0.2875976562,
-0.2546386719,
0.6674804688,
0.1850585938,
-0.5361328125,
0.3083496094,
0.0529785156,
-1.431640625,
0.0620422363,
0.3686523438,
0.4880371094,
-0.98046875,
-0.720703125,
-0.1940917969,
-0.5654296875,
-0.7260742188,
-0.2744140625,
-0.1141967773,
-0.3696289062,
-0.0305786133,
1.23046875,
0.5620117188,
-0.2563476562,
-1.0537109375,
0.6938476562,
-0.0424804688,
-0.3718261719,
-0.4685058594,
-1.45703125,
-1.599609375,
-0.6806640625,
0.0157165527,
-0.9155273438,
0.2873535156,
0.1130371094,
-0.1805419922,
1.185546875,
-0.3117675781,
-0.6259765625,
0.2009277344,
1.083984375,
-0.2846679688,
-0.5546875,
1.1123046875,
-0.2420654297,
0.0754394531,
0.7631835938,
-0.5322265625,
-0.1468505859,
-1.009765625,
-0.4580078125,
0.7670898438,
-0.1409912109,
0.0925292969,
-0.6333007812,
0.5805664062,
-0.0002129078,
-0.8271484375,
-0.7055664062,
0.4309082031,
-0.1154785156,
0.4372558594,
-0.4975585938,
0.2814941406,
0.814453125,
-0.9072265625,
-0.5771484375,
-0.2497558594,
0.2648925781,
0.150390625,
0.1052856445,
0.0895385742,
-0.6577148438,
0.1588134766,
-0.7172851562,
-0.087890625,
-0.6220703125,
0.1912841797,
-0.0049324036,
-0.3957519531,
1.3720703125,
-1.037109375,
-0.5688476562,
-0.002374649,
-0.4245605469,
-0.5288085938,
0.0642089844,
0.2165527344,
0.010848999,
-0.7358398438,
0.2634277344,
-0.875,
-0.1085205078,
0.0621948242,
0.5014648438,
-0.010383606,
0.1137695312,
-0.3149414062,
-1.34375,
-0.7397460938,
0.6401367188,
-0.7475585938,
0.4340820312,
-0.0111694336,
0.4509277344,
-0.0319824219,
-0.3671875,
0.3168945312,
0.1312255859,
-0.1678466797,
0.658203125,
0.1536865234,
-0.5004882812,
0.3981933594,
-0.4897460938,
0.4470214844,
0.0895996094,
0.3474121094,
0.6513671875,
-1.001953125,
-0.7885742188,
-0.1233520508,
0.1558837891,
0.9536132812,
-0.4672851562,
-0.5068359375,
0.3774414062,
-0.8740234375,
0.283203125,
0.0190429688,
-0.0395812988,
0.2443847656,
0.2692871094,
0.349609375,
-0.1164550781,
0.2641601562,
-0.8076171875,
0.318359375,
0.755859375,
0.0756225586,
0.5087890625,
-0.701171875,
0.7172851562,
-0.0425109863,
0.6684570312,
0.9760742188,
0.3786621094,
-0.2932128906,
-0.5,
0.049407959,
-1.078125,
-0.4379882812,
0.3149414062,
-1.5419921875,
0.6337890625,
-0.8271484375,
-0.1561279297,
-0.0536804199,
0.9418945312,
0.3010253906,
-0.0565185547,
0.1988525391,
0.4035644531,
-1.3642578125,
0.6127929688,
0.591796875,
0.3615722656,
0.3178710938,
-1.794921875,
-1.1328125,
-0.6069335938,
-0.1479492188,
-1.056640625,
0.123840332,
-0.1968994141,
-0.1848144531,
-1.0263671875,
0.6879882812,
-0.7182617188,
0.0651245117,
0.443359375,
-0.6728515625,
-0.2021484375,
-0.5141601562,
0.4501953125,
-0.0737915039,
0.5249023438,
-0.2709960938,
0.1437988281,
0.7138671875,
0.7299804688,
-0.059753418,
0.1539306641,
1.671875,
-0.106262207,
0.2266845703,
-0.30078125,
0.4338378906,
0.63671875,
0.306640625,
-0.6118164062,
-0.2364501953,
-1.2919921875,
-0.1155395508,
-0.658203125,
-0.4992675781,
0.9057617188,
0.1008300781,
-1.2177734375,
-1.2333984375,
-1.021484375,
0.7314453125,
-0.8715820312,
-0.8408203125,
-1.0048828125,
0.1892089844,
0.9287109375,
-0.0982055664,
-0.1510009766,
-0.3957519531,
0.6215820312,
0.359375,
-0.8129882812,
-1.0341796875,
0.1865234375,
-0.1651611328,
-0.5346679688,
0.220703125,
1.0732421875,
-0.3366699219,
-0.4284667969,
1.197265625,
1.0712890625,
-0.0819702148,
-0.0836181641,
0.1911621094,
0.73828125,
-0.2707519531,
0.0189361572,
-0.4406738281,
-0.3845214844,
0.1317138672,
-0.1599121094,
-0.0045166016,
-0.8032226562,
-0.5708007812,
0.0852661133,
-0.0904541016,
-0.7680664062,
-0.0971679688,
0.5024414062,
0.4030761719,
0.6166992188,
0.177734375,
0.1258544922,
0.5346679688,
0.3146972656,
-0.2619628906,
-1.20703125,
-0.1866455078,
-0.001042366,
0.763671875,
0.8041992188,
-0.6279296875,
0.6879882812,
-1.26953125,
0.59765625,
0.16796875,
0.62890625,
-0.2841796875,
0.3481445312,
-0.1887207031,
-0.4030761719,
-0.501953125,
0.6821289062,
-0.2464599609,
0.7583007812,
-1.3642578125,
-0.7065429688,
1.271484375,
-0.4479980469,
0.3122558594,
-0.0822753906,
-0.3483886719,
-1.208984375,
-0.9760742188,
-0.720703125,
-1.1259765625,
-0.287109375,
0.1452636719,
0.2800292969,
-0.0817260742,
-0.2648925781,
-0.1650390625,
-0.6171875,
-1.26953125,
-0.2194824219,
0.552734375,
0.798828125,
0.7670898438,
-0.4506835938,
-0.7895507812,
-0.4794921875,
-0.6186523438,
0.4731445312,
-0.0816040039,
0.0177459717,
-0.6103515625,
-0.0575866699,
-0.094909668,
0.0581665039,
0.0323181152,
-0.0594482422,
-0.9267578125,
-0.2072753906,
1.4560546875,
0.2863769531,
-0.9326171875,
0.4072265625,
-0.6748046875,
0.6708984375,
0.5151367188,
0.3088378906,
-0.3454589844,
1.353515625,
-0.4267578125,
-0.8994140625,
-0.205078125,
-0.0654296875,
-0.7739257812,
-0.0835571289,
0.1284179688,
-1.0810546875,
-0.4372558594,
0.6665039062,
-0.1208496094,
-0.1265869141,
1.76953125,
-0.8291015625,
0.1413574219,
-0.4914550781,
-0.2139892578,
1.16015625,
0.1910400391,
-0.3671875,
-0.537109375,
0.0404663086,
0.4606933594,
0.1329345703,
-0.4450683594,
0.0341796875,
-0.546875,
0.4670410156,
0.1088867188,
-0.8764648438,
0.2561035156,
0.1192626953,
-0.1102905273,
-0.3891601562,
0.3642578125,
-1.001953125,
-0.7802734375,
-1.1064453125,
-0.1998291016,
0.8935546875,
0.7578125,
-0.7622070312,
0.4860839844,
-0.0510559082,
-0.287109375,
-0.4770507812,
0.8056640625,
1.2763671875,
-0.0397644043,
0.265625,
0.7197265625,
-0.2498779297,
-0.8681640625,
-0.7109375,
1.3798828125,
-0.0327453613,
-0.41015625,
1.306640625,
0.2203369141,
0.611328125,
0.8037109375,
0.1970214844,
0.7875976562,
-0.1982421875,
0.0885620117,
0.1790771484,
0.1860351562,
0.23046875,
-0.3264160156,
0.3342285156,
-0.3386230469,
-0.9428710938,
-0.6889648438,
0.658203125,
0.1414794922,
-0.1917724609,
-0.4958496094,
-0.25,
0.1868896484,
0.0607299805,
-1.328125,
0.0840454102,
-0.2291259766,
-0.3234863281,
0.5966796875,
-0.3239746094,
0.9780273438,
0.089050293,
-0.2442626953,
-0.0758056641,
0.1940917969,
-0.2866210938,
-0.7202148438,
0.2868652344,
-0.6484375,
-0.1129150391,
-0.0772094727,
-0.0697631836,
0.9750976562,
0.1640625,
0.8798828125,
-0.2680664062,
-0.6665039062,
0.4475097656,
-1.1357421875,
-0.6020507812,
-0.1903076172,
0.1275634766,
-0.3664550781,
-0.7934570312,
-0.1987304688,
0.8149414062,
0.2052001953,
-0.462890625,
0.3200683594,
0.2768554688,
-0.978515625,
0.1195678711,
0.4431152344,
0.0746459961,
-0.2028808594,
-0.1883544922,
0.748046875,
-0.2712402344,
-0.4655761719,
0.7802734375,
-0.0523376465,
-0.1740722656,
1.0087890625,
-1.060546875,
-0.030456543,
0.5200195312,
0.5278320312,
0.0722045898,
-0.047454834,
0.5625,
1.2919921875,
0.3801269531,
-0.1154785156,
-0.0948486328,
-0.8310546875,
0.3825683594,
0.861328125,
1.0966796875,
0.0764160156,
0.5581054688,
0.8305664062,
1.171875,
-0.2663574219,
0.78515625,
0.40625,
1.470703125,
0.66015625,
0.063659668,
-0.623046875,
0.8916015625,
-0.7578125,
0.34765625,
0.7944335938,
-0.041015625,
-0.7407226562,
-0.4968261719,
-0.4147949219,
-0.1470947266,
-0.0789794922,
0.4721679688,
-0.4833984375,
0.3093261719,
-0.4487304688,
-0.0027160645,
-0.296875,
-0.650390625,
0.5068359375,
-0.1947021484,
-0.46484375,
0.0066604614,
-0.5400390625,
-0.583984375,
-0.3881835938,
-0.2114257812,
0.2705078125,
-1.150390625,
0.0167999268,
-0.2890625,
-0.1867675781,
-0.2133789062,
-0.5317382812,
-0.0693969727,
0.3195800781,
0.1704101562,
-0.0187988281,
0.1784667969,
-0.0504455566,
-0.9125976562,
-0.56640625,
-0.1617431641,
0.4694824219,
-0.0539245605,
0.4475097656,
-0.3444824219,
-0.0880126953,
0.2116699219,
-0.9643554688,
0.8583984375,
1.3515625,
-0.3640136719,
-0.4948730469,
0.3098144531,
-0.6489257812,
0.1467285156,
1.3525390625,
-0.3002929688,
-0.2032470703,
0.603515625,
-0.3161621094,
-0.4887695312,
-0.0214385986,
-0.845703125,
0.7983398438,
0.5283203125,
0.0074577332,
0.9858398438,
-0.3100585938,
-0.2073974609,
0.1052856445,
-1.7099609375,
-0.5776367188,
0.3598632812,
0.3115234375,
0.4372558594,
0.9946289062,
0.0742797852,
-0.1973876953,
-0.0886230469,
-0.0896606445,
1.095703125,
0.4069824219,
-0.9409179688,
0.1918945312,
0.3637695312,
-0.4741210938,
0.767578125,
-0.4675292969,
0.70703125,
0.3627929688,
0.3559570312,
0.255859375,
0.3491210938,
0.265625,
-0.0399475098,
0.2202148438,
0.7734375,
0.1398925781,
0.0499572754,
-0.3637695312,
0.513671875,
0.0875244141,
0.2243652344,
0.1625976562,
-0.634765625,
0.7788085938,
-0.8276367188,
0.6098632812,
0.0454406738,
-0.3547363281,
0.5219726562,
0.55078125,
-0.3032226562,
0.6811523438,
-0.3537597656,
-0.6840820312,
1.3193359375,
0.9775390625,
0.0303497314,
-0.4020996094,
0.0765380859,
1.154296875,
-1.0078125,
-1.08203125,
1.0302734375,
-0.7006835938,
0.3503417969,
0.279296875,
0.3347167969,
-0.4602050781,
0.1791992188,
-0.583984375,
-0.0011758804,
-0.6860351562,
0.8984375,
0.1340332031,
-0.0940551758,
-1.5830078125,
-0.102355957,
-1.5390625,
0.8842773438,
-0.4497070312,
-0.3896484375,
0.4157714844,
-0.4038085938,
-1.4140625,
-1.40234375,
0.1033935547,
0.9956054688,
-0.6264648438,
0.2758789062,
0.689453125,
-0.2318115234,
-0.2976074219,
0.52734375,
-0.447265625,
-0.0959472656,
1.373046875,
-0.4992675781,
0.6279296875,
-0.65625,
-0.2902832031,
-0.7255859375,
0.0393981934,
0.3659667969,
0.6396484375,
-0.1766357422,
-0.6865234375,
0.6801757812,
0.6787109375,
-0.6337890625,
0.0511474609,
0.2197265625,
-0.4855957031,
-0.3530273438,
-0.3559570312,
1.4892578125,
0.0966796875,
0.7290039062,
0.2490234375,
-0.5122070312,
-1.302734375,
0.1844482422,
0.6728515625,
-0.2230224609,
0.0516967773,
0.1680908203,
0.8701171875,
0.5634765625,
0.6186523438,
0.5756835938,
0.6948242188,
-0.9252929688,
-0.7802734375,
0.2281494141,
0.8193359375,
0.0455932617,
1.017578125,
0.0469665527,
0.2731933594,
0.0137710571,
-1.5546875,
0.018157959,
0.7080078125,
0.2802734375,
-0.2177734375,
-0.4580078125,
-0.48828125,
-0.3088378906,
0.4499511719,
-0.6733398438,
0.1119384766,
-0.2944335938,
-0.81640625,
-0.4462890625,
-0.5869140625,
0.5454101562,
0.0881347656,
0.4060058594,
0.2391357422,
0.6303710938,
-0.2103271484,
0.630859375,
0.0383911133,
-0.587890625,
0.3940429688,
-0.0347900391,
-0.4006347656,
-0.7719726562,
0.6157226562,
1.0595703125,
-0.7119140625,
-0.2937011719,
-1.3125,
-0.2822265625,
0.1016235352,
0.2861328125,
-0.2556152344,
1.44921875,
0.3112792969,
0.0634765625,
0.3391113281,
0.2106933594,
0.1165161133,
-0.0959472656,
0.7553710938,
0.7514648438,
-0.5361328125,
-1.1923828125,
-0.2897949219,
-0.1300048828,
0.1661376953,
-0.873046875,
0.3796386719,
-0.9365234375,
-1.9169921875,
-0.0725708008,
0.4284667969,
0.1779785156,
0.3234863281,
0.2568359375,
1.5927734375,
0.583984375,
-0.3374023438,
0.7153320312,
0.865234375,
-0.1573486328,
-0.1220703125,
-0.2108154297,
-0.1553955078,
1.3125,
0.6166992188,
0.4409179688,
-0.2104492188,
-0.3137207031,
1.0654296875,
0.947265625,
0.4519042969,
0.1447753906,
-1.572265625,
0.3117675781,
0.4877929688,
0.0861206055,
-0.1302490234,
0.380859375,
0.533203125,
0.7915039062,
0.9702148438,
0.1810302734,
-0.0841674805,
0.1157836914,
0.5981445312,
-1.236328125,
0.52734375,
-0.0969238281,
0.1293945312,
0.3657226562,
0.25390625,
-0.024810791,
-0.8198242188,
-1.326171875,
-0.1740722656,
-0.4208984375,
0.1047973633,
-0.54296875,
-0.2971191406,
-0.4975585938,
0.0328369141,
1.1728515625,
-0.3928222656,
-0.3952636719,
0.0533447266,
-0.3393554688,
0.708984375,
-0.5634765625,
-0.3149414062,
-0.3764648438,
-0.578125,
-0.5649414062,
0.4494628906,
0.2741699219,
0.7563476562,
-0.3142089844,
-0.1684570312,
-0.2878417969,
-0.2359619141,
-0.5024414062,
-1.1865234375,
0.7490234375,
-1.1474609375,
-0.3618164062,
0.8217773438,
-0.1495361328,
0.1154174805,
-0.2338867188,
0.39453125,
-0.0042381287,
-0.0553283691,
-0.3774414062,
0.4978027344,
-0.8330078125,
0.4758300781,
0.3786621094,
0.3413085938,
0.0844726562,
-0.3747558594,
-0.8154296875,
-0.1290283203,
0.4895019531,
0.2722167969,
0.0938720703,
0.0932006836,
0.0921020508,
0.7504882812,
-0.0366210938,
0.1812744141,
0.0332641602,
-0.359375,
-0.68359375,
0.014831543,
0.0703735352,
-0.2802734375,
0.623046875,
0.0563964844,
-0.6572265625,
1.4033203125,
0.720703125,
0.0032978058,
0.1193847656,
-0.1259765625,
-0.2465820312,
0.4204101562,
-0.5053710938,
1.7294921875,
-0.5727539062,
-0.0708618164,
-0.0603027344,
-0.4826660156,
-0.3654785156,
-0.5908203125,
-0.0453491211,
-0.4985351562,
0.5073242188,
0.7924804688,
-1.271484375,
0.1513671875,
1.1201171875,
1.083984375,
-0.7607421875,
0.7158203125,
-0.5112304688,
-0.2274169922,
-0.8510742188,
-13.8984375,
-0.9145507812,
0.2766113281,
0.2971191406,
-1.458984375,
0.6923828125,
-0.099609375,
-0.58984375,
-0.7333984375,
0.3159179688,
0.0168151855,
0.6474609375,
0.833984375,
-0.5444335938,
-0.0118713379,
0.1387939453,
-0.5014648438,
-0.158203125,
-0.7416992188,
-0.1871337891,
0.8637695312,
0.7275390625,
-0.4079589844,
0.60546875,
-0.7719726562,
-0.8061523438,
0.2873535156,
0.006690979,
0.0661621094,
0.4465332031,
-0.150390625,
0.3466796875,
-0.3771972656,
-0.1755371094,
-0.1477050781,
-0.9013671875,
0.513671875,
-0.1241455078,
-0.7783203125,
-0.1910400391,
-0.5903320312,
-1.1611328125,
-0.4162597656,
0.1413574219,
-0.5463867188,
-0.0767822266,
0.1832275391,
-0.8154296875,
-0.0129852295,
-0.7065429688,
0.3461914062,
0.982421875,
0.0575561523,
0.0462646484,
-1.5283203125,
0.0891113281,
-0.9116210938,
0.3227539062,
0.0447387695,
0.1184692383,
-0.9653320312,
1.0068359375,
1.748046875,
0.6953125,
0.0465087891,
-0.748046875,
-1.0361328125,
-0.0583190918,
-0.2109375,
-0.2257080078,
-0.1873779297,
0.9174804688,
1.60546875,
0.900390625,
0.4606933594,
0.5341796875,
0.4704589844,
0.1627197266,
0.1394042969,
-0.4299316406,
-0.1796875,
1.1396484375
] |
If we substitute
and
then Fresnel's formulae can be rewritten as
which are none other than Biot's empirical formulae of 1812, except that Biot interpreted and as the "unaffected" and "affected" selections of the rays incident on the lamina. If Biot's substitutions were accurate, they would imply that his experimental results were more fully explained by Fresnel's theory than by his own. Arago delayed reporting on Fresnel's works on chromatic polarization until June 1821, when he used them in a broad attack on Biot's theory. In his written response, Biot protested that Arago's attack went beyond the proper scope of a report on the nominated works of Fresnel. But Biot also claimed that the substitutions for and and therefore Fresnel's expressions for and were empirically wrong because when Fresnel's intensities of spectral colors were mixed according to Newton's rules, the squared cosine and sine functions varied too smoothly to account for the observed sequence of colors. That claim drew a written reply from Fresnel, who disputed whether the colors changed as abruptly as Biot claimed, and whether the human eye could judge color with sufficient objectivity for the purpose. On the latter question, Fresnel pointed out that different observers may give different names to the same color. Furthermore, he said, a single observer can only compare colors side by side; and even if they are judged to be the same, the identity is of sensation, not necessarily of composition. | [
-0.1396484375,
-0.4255371094,
0.0684204102,
-0.4091796875,
-0.1724853516,
-0.1304931641,
0.3610839844,
0.2495117188,
-0.1690673828,
0.3767089844,
-0.0481872559,
-0.6186523438,
0.298828125,
-0.0645141602,
-0.509765625,
-0.1756591797,
0.1761474609,
-0.6625976562,
-0.6459960938,
0.2983398438,
-0.0140151978,
0.1184082031,
-0.3171386719,
-0.5283203125,
-0.1966552734,
0.2369384766,
0.5991210938,
0.0912475586,
-0.0702514648,
-0.6489257812,
0.0738525391,
-0.0904541016,
-0.4772949219,
-0.0073852539,
-0.0798339844,
1.373046875,
-0.6235351562,
-0.6704101562,
0.1243286133,
-0.1453857422,
0.3781738281,
-0.1409912109,
0.2183837891,
-0.1693115234,
-0.7333984375,
0.7124023438,
0.0259399414,
-0.0939331055,
-0.45703125,
-0.3244628906,
-0.4897460938,
-1.30078125,
-0.5473632812,
-0.470703125,
0.1899414062,
-1.494140625,
0.724609375,
-0.5913085938,
-0.1854248047,
-0.2340087891,
-0.4497070312,
0.7807617188,
-0.0669555664,
-0.4028320312,
0.5336914062,
-0.3002929688,
0.0919799805,
-0.4055175781,
0.380859375,
0.2348632812,
-0.2824707031,
0.2425537109,
0.0570678711,
-0.4465332031,
0.501953125,
0.0016546249,
-1.5908203125,
0.3645019531,
-0.2802734375,
0.1178588867,
-0.9228515625,
-0.654296875,
-0.7329101562,
-0.6684570312,
-1.22265625,
0.0152053833,
-0.2275390625,
-0.2138671875,
-0.8857421875,
1.783203125,
0.0614929199,
-0.4816894531,
0.0112762451,
0.4462890625,
-0.1943359375,
-0.638671875,
-0.2105712891,
-2.3515625,
-1.0615234375,
-0.1842041016,
-0.2937011719,
-1.5712890625,
0.716796875,
0.5986328125,
-0.3518066406,
0.3859863281,
-0.74609375,
0.0428466797,
0.5249023438,
0.1271972656,
0.5424804688,
-0.5366210938,
0.7045898438,
-0.7631835938,
-0.6577148438,
0.2116699219,
-0.875,
-0.3571777344,
-1.3095703125,
-0.755859375,
0.5830078125,
0.58984375,
0.1356201172,
-0.5454101562,
-0.0071258545,
0.023727417,
-0.10546875,
-0.1555175781,
0.0442199707,
-0.0249938965,
-0.3645019531,
-0.263671875,
-0.7529296875,
0.4020996094,
-0.630859375,
-0.935546875,
-0.1239624023,
-0.6313476562,
-0.64453125,
0.0209350586,
-0.1224365234,
0.525390625,
-0.7075195312,
-0.8627929688,
-0.0726318359,
0.3684082031,
0.0394592285,
-0.0177307129,
-0.6772460938,
0.7114257812,
-0.5014648438,
-0.1157836914,
-0.1518554688,
0.2481689453,
-0.4138183594,
-0.0694580078,
-0.7749023438,
-0.1128540039,
-1.5576171875,
0.044921875,
-0.3295898438,
0.1088867188,
-0.1080932617,
-0.5908203125,
0.0425109863,
0.4753417969,
-0.2015380859,
-1.220703125,
-0.4052734375,
0.4467773438,
-0.6728515625,
0.5854492188,
0.8828125,
0.1034545898,
-0.119934082,
-0.8798828125,
0.5268554688,
-0.2890625,
-0.0000225902,
0.0001769066,
0.2283935547,
-1.3916015625,
-0.2534179688,
-0.0840454102,
-0.1120605469,
0.0724487305,
0.5922851562,
1.0341796875,
-0.916015625,
-0.7543945312,
-0.2431640625,
-0.1176147461,
0.501953125,
-0.4599609375,
-0.822265625,
0.01902771,
-0.7138671875,
0.4458007812,
0.349609375,
0.3215332031,
0.2912597656,
0.859375,
0.505859375,
-0.0674438477,
0.5209960938,
0.5122070312,
0.4702148438,
0.390625,
0.1489257812,
0.6313476562,
0.0433349609,
0.8403320312,
0.4931640625,
0.3134765625,
1.1572265625,
0.3249511719,
0.5151367188,
-0.0798950195,
-0.3173828125,
-0.5668945312,
0.1133422852,
0.560546875,
-1.1904296875,
0.4997558594,
-0.8481445312,
-0.2697753906,
-0.5268554688,
1.0693359375,
0.7622070312,
0.19140625,
0.103515625,
-0.1563720703,
-1.060546875,
0.1086425781,
0.4301757812,
-0.0207672119,
0.4252929688,
-0.9321289062,
0.3034667969,
0.1130981445,
0.0706176758,
-0.650390625,
0.515625,
-0.6245117188,
-0.1813964844,
-0.6518554688,
1.0234375,
0.3776855469,
0.7592773438,
0.7954101562,
-0.1507568359,
-0.5693359375,
-0.7529296875,
0.3195800781,
-0.4768066406,
0.0062484741,
-1.083984375,
0.2025146484,
0.9951171875,
0.9580078125,
-0.0598144531,
0.1528320312,
1.2998046875,
-0.9145507812,
0.0651245117,
-0.1818847656,
0.6298828125,
-0.2005615234,
0.5107421875,
-0.5366210938,
0.4130859375,
-0.7631835938,
-0.5708007812,
0.0839233398,
0.4812011719,
0.3190917969,
-0.0799560547,
-0.3552246094,
-0.33984375,
-0.5170898438,
0.5581054688,
-0.2998046875,
-0.0466308594,
-0.7983398438,
0.4453125,
0.861328125,
0.4624023438,
0.2543945312,
0.0309753418,
0.396484375,
-0.2570800781,
-0.3312988281,
-0.609375,
-0.2165527344,
0.4248046875,
0.0268707275,
0.4016113281,
0.2416992188,
-0.3547363281,
-0.4196777344,
0.4260253906,
1.16015625,
0.2377929688,
-0.2976074219,
0.7192382812,
1.2412109375,
0.2788085938,
0.2093505859,
-0.7416992188,
0.4477539062,
0.5673828125,
0.2442626953,
-0.16015625,
-0.4848632812,
-0.0500488281,
-0.0911254883,
-0.1964111328,
-0.3566894531,
0.3459472656,
-0.2814941406,
0.0348815918,
-0.0849609375,
-0.4729003906,
-0.4106445312,
0.427734375,
-0.0288696289,
-0.658203125,
-1.70703125,
-0.1651611328,
0.0092010498,
0.615234375,
0.112487793,
0.0284118652,
0.3212890625,
-0.298828125,
0.2310791016,
0.7138671875,
0.3635253906,
-0.21484375,
-0.1697998047,
0.0475769043,
-0.611328125,
-0.3286132812,
-0.4829101562,
0.0881958008,
-0.3039550781,
-2.095703125,
-0.7275390625,
0.2854003906,
-0.4538574219,
0.173828125,
-0.2358398438,
-0.1848144531,
-0.4819335938,
-0.5043945312,
-0.3425292969,
-0.3422851562,
-0.1700439453,
0.0790405273,
0.267578125,
-0.7504882812,
-0.2269287109,
-0.2420654297,
-0.5590820312,
-1.8662109375,
-0.5180664062,
0.6020507812,
0.5771484375,
1.1123046875,
-0.0522766113,
0.5615234375,
0.1546630859,
-0.1473388672,
1.5,
-0.2185058594,
-0.2454833984,
-0.7680664062,
0.26953125,
-0.2609863281,
-0.3928222656,
-0.6547851562,
-0.4741210938,
-0.4521484375,
-0.9614257812,
1.1337890625,
0.4895019531,
-0.642578125,
0.1553955078,
-0.548828125,
0.8720703125,
0.5126953125,
1.0966796875,
-0.0582885742,
1.0947265625,
0.4821777344,
0.2922363281,
0.8798828125,
-0.7514648438,
-1.201171875,
0.5830078125,
-0.0025558472,
-1.220703125,
-0.1641845703,
0.6733398438,
0.1056518555,
0.0848999023,
2.74609375,
0.2237548828,
0.4953613281,
-0.1513671875,
-0.2362060547,
0.1372070312,
-0.0397033691,
-0.2260742188,
-0.1940917969,
0.3322753906,
0.3579101562,
-0.3212890625,
-0.1079101562,
0.0196685791,
-0.6479492188,
0.0829467773,
-0.1046142578,
-0.0653076172,
0.2255859375,
-0.0610961914,
0.1823730469,
-0.4111328125,
0.9282226562,
-0.8588867188,
-0.505859375,
-0.3872070312,
-0.1497802734,
0.3190917969,
1.0390625,
-0.1948242188,
0.4182128906,
0.033782959,
-0.5771484375,
0.1259765625,
0.5405273438,
0.818359375,
-0.28515625,
1.0927734375,
1.1591796875,
0.431640625,
-0.7294921875,
-0.5083007812,
0.921875,
0.1704101562,
-0.2481689453,
0.0529785156,
1.296875,
0.7368164062,
0.4868164062,
-0.6088867188,
0.1156616211,
-0.4821777344,
0.4694824219,
0.3137207031,
0.4479980469,
0.1306152344,
-0.1705322266,
0.0558776855,
-0.3051757812,
-0.9599609375,
-0.4035644531,
0.8774414062,
0.2551269531,
-0.7153320312,
0.2205810547,
0.1480712891,
-0.1065673828,
-0.8720703125,
-0.8662109375,
0.259765625,
0.4768066406,
0.2225341797,
0.1569824219,
-0.6801757812,
0.7524414062,
0.5107421875,
-0.6513671875,
0.2032470703,
0.5986328125,
-1.1943359375,
0.0663452148,
0.4965820312,
0.0407409668,
-0.3859863281,
0.3601074219,
0.3356933594,
0.4128417969,
0.3000488281,
0.0894165039,
0.2846679688,
-0.8305664062,
-0.0456542969,
-1.2265625,
-1.142578125,
-0.6850585938,
0.556640625,
-0.236328125,
-0.9189453125,
-0.2054443359,
1.4541015625,
-0.1203613281,
0.595703125,
0.677734375,
1.001953125,
-0.1376953125,
0.205078125,
0.7270507812,
-0.2272949219,
-0.4692382812,
0.2651367188,
0.822265625,
0.2457275391,
-0.1329345703,
0.2893066406,
0.2427978516,
-0.0250091553,
1.2138671875,
-0.4560546875,
-0.0213470459,
0.3874511719,
0.619140625,
-0.2192382812,
0.2053222656,
-0.9580078125,
0.78515625,
0.039642334,
-0.0609741211,
-0.41015625,
-1.0791015625,
0.1077270508,
0.1397705078,
1.2939453125,
0.4055175781,
0.9096679688,
0.6547851562,
0.8056640625,
-0.0475463867,
0.173828125,
0.599609375,
1.2529296875,
0.2292480469,
-0.0115356445,
0.0026893616,
0.6528320312,
-0.4619140625,
-0.1473388672,
1.0498046875,
0.2687988281,
-0.16796875,
-0.2446289062,
-0.3620605469,
-0.4255371094,
0.4489746094,
-0.603515625,
-0.8676757812,
0.0808105469,
0.3305664062,
-0.1160888672,
-0.2025146484,
-0.2182617188,
0.25,
0.552734375,
-0.5522460938,
-0.0838623047,
0.1364746094,
-0.1921386719,
-0.3254394531,
-0.4313964844,
-0.1923828125,
-0.9760742188,
0.3659667969,
-0.1937255859,
-0.0749511719,
0.1260986328,
-0.6528320312,
0.3171386719,
0.0762329102,
-0.1956787109,
0.2822265625,
0.8955078125,
0.1160888672,
-0.8720703125,
-0.2314453125,
-0.6479492188,
-0.0393371582,
-0.1273193359,
0.955078125,
0.3666992188,
0.1333007812,
-0.291015625,
-1.4580078125,
0.6958007812,
1.1201171875,
0.0031490326,
-0.1539306641,
0.1684570312,
-0.2426757812,
0.9497070312,
1.3681640625,
-0.3762207031,
-0.2592773438,
0.4460449219,
0.3312988281,
0.1704101562,
-0.6342773438,
-0.5688476562,
0.2795410156,
-0.2822265625,
0.3073730469,
0.6284179688,
-0.3820800781,
-0.6640625,
0.1661376953,
-1.146484375,
-0.44921875,
-0.2998046875,
-0.0773925781,
0.2932128906,
0.7885742188,
0.19921875,
-0.6196289062,
-0.0624389648,
-0.0830078125,
0.3352050781,
-0.63671875,
-1.361328125,
0.0695800781,
0.0554199219,
-0.392578125,
0.5205078125,
-0.6298828125,
1.318359375,
0.8745117188,
0.3833007812,
0.0285491943,
-0.0174865723,
-0.6684570312,
-0.0023803711,
0.8588867188,
0.4216308594,
0.7509765625,
0.4633789062,
-0.1011352539,
-0.4321289062,
0.7509765625,
0.0142364502,
0.0961303711,
-0.5498046875,
-0.3801269531,
0.24609375,
-0.248046875,
-0.76171875,
0.0513916016,
0.1387939453,
0.7866210938,
-0.0262908936,
0.7377929688,
-0.37890625,
-0.6977539062,
1.2568359375,
1.7060546875,
0.0317687988,
-1.701171875,
-0.7387695312,
0.9340820312,
-0.869140625,
-0.76171875,
0.7749023438,
-0.8515625,
-0.1402587891,
-0.9038085938,
-0.271484375,
-0.3139648438,
0.5068359375,
-0.8061523438,
-0.2775878906,
-0.4943847656,
0.6557617188,
-0.375,
-0.23046875,
-1.021484375,
0.2442626953,
-0.4016113281,
0.4697265625,
-0.2810058594,
-0.4990234375,
-0.6479492188,
-0.837890625,
-1.0107421875,
-0.9926757812,
-0.3205566406,
0.5874023438,
-0.0452270508,
0.419921875,
1.111328125,
-0.1811523438,
-0.6743164062,
0.96484375,
-0.8940429688,
-0.5615234375,
0.607421875,
0.1688232422,
0.916015625,
-1.3564453125,
-1.1572265625,
-0.4606933594,
-0.2364501953,
-0.6860351562,
1.171875,
-0.0577697754,
-0.3381347656,
0.3330078125,
0.9575195312,
-0.3217773438,
0.0158996582,
1.0869140625,
-0.018081665,
0.0543212891,
-0.845703125,
0.4714355469,
0.0437011719,
0.1156616211,
-0.5029296875,
-0.1441650391,
-0.3642578125,
0.1480712891,
0.4895019531,
-0.78125,
-0.4194335938,
-0.3156738281,
1.0673828125,
0.6958007812,
-0.4675292969,
0.5161132812,
0.2161865234,
-0.806640625,
-0.3071289062,
0.0305480957,
0.0352172852,
-0.2897949219,
0.9946289062,
-0.0059661865,
-0.0362854004,
-0.0844726562,
-1.263671875,
-0.2077636719,
0.4396972656,
0.3728027344,
0.3439941406,
-0.3227539062,
-0.8564453125,
-0.0297851562,
0.3090820312,
-0.042175293,
-0.0038852692,
-0.806640625,
-0.1657714844,
-0.3771972656,
0.609375,
0.2017822266,
0.2670898438,
0.5244140625,
0.1750488281,
0.8271484375,
-0.6127929688,
0.0088806152,
-0.1707763672,
-0.4125976562,
-0.0185546875,
-0.3833007812,
-0.3251953125,
-1.0869140625,
0.6000976562,
1.025390625,
-1.1201171875,
0.029006958,
-0.3537597656,
-0.0866699219,
-0.3115234375,
0.3508300781,
-0.8256835938,
0.623046875,
-0.3305664062,
0.1838378906,
0.47265625,
-0.7177734375,
0.7626953125,
0.2081298828,
0.4990234375,
0.4553222656,
-0.7036132812,
-0.6552734375,
-0.1866455078,
-0.1824951172,
0.0834960938,
-0.2175292969,
0.0228729248,
-0.7006835938,
-0.9223632812,
-0.5537109375,
0.349609375,
0.7880859375,
0.5981445312,
0.1206054688,
0.8100585938,
0.2954101562,
0.3947753906,
0.517578125,
0.0567932129,
0.2761230469,
-0.1488037109,
-0.4514160156,
-0.0775146484,
0.3720703125,
0.3657226562,
0.7626953125,
0.2272949219,
0.0284576416,
0.4375,
0.6064453125,
-0.6127929688,
0.0591125488,
-1.6259765625,
-0.6850585938,
-0.1291503906,
0.4443359375,
0.4152832031,
-0.1044311523,
0.9580078125,
1.3359375,
1.4208984375,
0.5268554688,
0.1315917969,
0.0428161621,
0.4108886719,
-0.9858398438,
0.6948242188,
0.1644287109,
0.0034751892,
0.1947021484,
0.7456054688,
-0.2376708984,
-0.1632080078,
-0.8364257812,
0.0913696289,
-0.6137695312,
-0.3720703125,
-0.7192382812,
-0.6376953125,
0.0034389496,
-0.2536621094,
-0.5634765625,
-0.2073974609,
0.2194824219,
-0.8198242188,
0.6220703125,
-0.0871582031,
0.1948242188,
0.5888671875,
-0.6293945312,
-0.3229980469,
-0.666015625,
0.7983398438,
0.4714355469,
0.7705078125,
-0.3967285156,
0.8999023438,
0.1469726562,
0.2377929688,
0.0368041992,
-0.5947265625,
-1.029296875,
-0.5932617188,
-0.681640625,
0.544921875,
0.4340820312,
0.6333007812,
-0.6904296875,
0.4560546875,
0.2531738281,
0.2423095703,
-0.032989502,
0.0016489029,
-1.1953125,
0.611328125,
0.075012207,
0.4624023438,
0.3400878906,
-0.53515625,
-0.1427001953,
0.3103027344,
0.2524414062,
0.0967407227,
0.9907226562,
-0.2491455078,
0.1128540039,
0.615234375,
0.4736328125,
0.0406799316,
0.0649414062,
-0.4426269531,
-0.7529296875,
0.0944824219,
0.150390625,
0.212890625,
0.1987304688,
-0.4638671875,
-0.9204101562,
1.494140625,
-0.4995117188,
0.5112304688,
-0.1135253906,
-0.2592773438,
-1.533203125,
0.0812988281,
0.3767089844,
1.033203125,
-0.7231445312,
-0.1612548828,
-0.0540771484,
0.022857666,
-0.548828125,
-0.4611816406,
-0.591796875,
-0.3225097656,
0.5395507812,
0.5200195312,
-0.2410888672,
-0.0212402344,
0.4719238281,
0.9858398438,
-0.6865234375,
0.5092773438,
-0.5390625,
-0.373046875,
-1.0595703125,
-14.3046875,
-1.7626953125,
0.1723632812,
0.3383789062,
-1.625,
0.2397460938,
-0.014503479,
0.0199737549,
-0.8076171875,
0.6030273438,
0.1221313477,
1.2109375,
-0.349609375,
-0.6787109375,
0.3332519531,
-0.6240234375,
-0.0263061523,
-0.8735351562,
-1.095703125,
-0.0524597168,
1.21484375,
0.3032226562,
-0.8784179688,
0.1397705078,
-1.4169921875,
0.4038085938,
0.4221191406,
0.3178710938,
0.0565185547,
0.9008789062,
-0.2249755859,
0.1157836914,
-0.1146240234,
0.2849121094,
-0.3491210938,
-0.7739257812,
0.4731445312,
0.2296142578,
0.6040039062,
-0.1773681641,
0.1006469727,
-0.3940429688,
-0.8271484375,
-0.2188720703,
0.0420227051,
0.337890625,
0.2341308594,
-0.3811035156,
0.3757324219,
-0.7543945312,
0.1300048828,
1.34765625,
0.1520996094,
-0.72265625,
-0.806640625,
-0.3435058594,
-0.267578125,
0.857421875,
0.4233398438,
-0.0883178711,
-0.8701171875,
0.705078125,
1.2421875,
0.4477539062,
0.103515625,
-0.7001953125,
-1.333984375,
-1.3359375,
0.2658691406,
-0.5698242188,
0.2033691406,
0.4997558594,
1.6767578125,
1.16796875,
0.0002989769,
0.5791015625,
0.8046875,
-0.2272949219,
-1.0888671875,
0.8515625,
-0.0874633789,
0.2963867188
] |
Fresnel's oldest and strongest point – that thin crystals were subject to the same laws as thick ones and did not need or allow a separate theory – Biot left unanswered. Arago and Fresnel were seen to have won the debate. Moreover, by this time Fresnel had a new, simpler explanation of his equations on chromatic polarization. Breakthrough: Pure transverse waves (1821)
In the draft memoir of 30 August 1816, Fresnel mentioned two hypotheses – one of which he attributed to Ampère – by which the non-interference of orthogonally-polarized beams could be explained if polarized light waves were partly transverse. But Fresnel could not develop either of these ideas into a comprehensive theory. As early as September 1816, according to his later account, he realized that the non-interference of orthogonally-polarized beams, together with the phase-inversion rule in chromatic polarization, would be most easily explained if the waves were purely transverse, and Ampère "had the same thought" on the phase-inversion rule. But that would raise a new difficulty: as natural light seemed to be unpolarized and its waves were therefore presumed to be longitudinal, one would need to explain how the longitudinal component of vibration disappeared on polarization, and why it did not reappear when polarized light was reflected or refracted obliquely by a glass plate. Independently, on 12 January 1817, Young wrote to Arago (in English) noting that a transverse vibration would constitute a polarization, and that if two longitudinal waves crossed at a significant angle, they could not cancel without leaving a residual transverse vibration. | [
-0.6342773438,
-0.79296875,
0.1947021484,
-0.091796875,
-0.0046691895,
0.6762695312,
0.4597167969,
0.8466796875,
0.640625,
0.3786621094,
-0.7475585938,
0.0986328125,
-0.4462890625,
-0.541015625,
0.1466064453,
-0.0053863525,
-0.2602539062,
-1.1259765625,
-0.5659179688,
0.1916503906,
0.1568603516,
0.1856689453,
-0.6958007812,
-0.1018066406,
-0.912109375,
0.2580566406,
1.1455078125,
-0.7280273438,
-0.369140625,
-0.0576782227,
0.1850585938,
0.0375061035,
0.2049560547,
0.1172485352,
-0.0872192383,
1.490234375,
-0.48828125,
0.0530395508,
0.5029296875,
0.2507324219,
0.0969238281,
-1.28515625,
0.3220214844,
0.0408935547,
0.1364746094,
0.1070556641,
-0.4235839844,
0.6479492188,
-0.4453125,
-0.5708007812,
0.7573242188,
-0.6240234375,
-0.2110595703,
-0.2010498047,
-0.2797851562,
-0.6948242188,
0.0903320312,
-0.5532226562,
0.2149658203,
-0.2639160156,
-0.1380615234,
0.3483886719,
-0.5922851562,
-0.4992675781,
1.009765625,
-0.2854003906,
-0.677734375,
-0.3325195312,
0.4875488281,
0.4431152344,
-1.19921875,
0.2622070312,
0.0921020508,
-0.4553222656,
-0.8510742188,
-0.2427978516,
-1.142578125,
0.0361022949,
0.2111816406,
0.4357910156,
-0.4221191406,
-0.7548828125,
-0.2150878906,
-1.35546875,
-1.2158203125,
0.2680664062,
0.3056640625,
-0.6469726562,
-0.9028320312,
1.685546875,
0.4440917969,
-0.7314453125,
-0.5375976562,
0.6108398438,
0.1579589844,
-0.6860351562,
-0.8959960938,
-1.2890625,
-0.5112304688,
-0.3310546875,
0.3037109375,
-0.572265625,
1.0732421875,
0.26171875,
0.4313964844,
1.3125,
-1.2587890625,
-0.3439941406,
-0.0135192871,
0.587890625,
0.1192016602,
-0.1314697266,
0.8383789062,
-0.6987304688,
-1.0302734375,
0.5903320312,
-1.09375,
0.0551147461,
-1.1884765625,
-0.7172851562,
0.4738769531,
-0.2391357422,
0.4069824219,
-0.3244628906,
0.2614746094,
0.4067382812,
-0.3764648438,
-0.9462890625,
-0.8056640625,
-0.3581542969,
0.0539855957,
-0.6733398438,
-0.3754882812,
0.4763183594,
-0.3540039062,
-1.025390625,
-0.9848632812,
-0.2474365234,
0.2135009766,
-0.2294921875,
-0.125,
1.255859375,
0.4060058594,
-0.5927734375,
-0.0145492554,
-0.6474609375,
0.404296875,
-0.2088623047,
-0.8994140625,
1.142578125,
-1.25390625,
0.0311431885,
-0.0185394287,
-0.022064209,
-0.3688964844,
0.2744140625,
-0.2060546875,
-0.0677490234,
-0.779296875,
-0.7387695312,
-0.5302734375,
0.1955566406,
-0.6640625,
-0.1779785156,
0.4030761719,
0.6650390625,
0.0425720215,
-0.5234375,
-0.5708007812,
0.6953125,
-0.2257080078,
0.67578125,
0.23828125,
-0.2108154297,
0.0314025879,
-0.9565429688,
1.0146484375,
0.2049560547,
0.0904541016,
1.490234375,
0.4255371094,
-1.4619140625,
-0.0698242188,
-0.0092926025,
0.1275634766,
0.0011234283,
0.3686523438,
0.6123046875,
-0.3146972656,
-0.3657226562,
-0.7392578125,
0.8364257812,
0.4155273438,
-0.2281494141,
-0.2917480469,
0.5600585938,
-1.595703125,
0.0421142578,
0.1008911133,
0.0378723145,
0.1131591797,
0.9282226562,
0.3139648438,
0.4428710938,
0.3767089844,
-0.6728515625,
0.2073974609,
-0.1245727539,
0.6459960938,
0.4365234375,
-0.0315246582,
0.6064453125,
-0.162109375,
1,
0.4990234375,
0.26171875,
0.5483398438,
-0.5551757812,
0.1889648438,
-0.6069335938,
0.1182250977,
-0.0734863281,
-1.44140625,
0.634765625,
-1.0986328125,
0.0041046143,
-0.3046875,
1.2119140625,
0.6162109375,
0.010597229,
-0.3024902344,
-0.1087036133,
-1.44140625,
0.1756591797,
1.3984375,
-0.0700683594,
-0.052734375,
-1.486328125,
-0.0520324707,
-0.7919921875,
-0.6533203125,
-0.1296386719,
0.1137084961,
-0.8940429688,
-0.1676025391,
-0.7045898438,
1.0791015625,
0.3732910156,
0.1195068359,
0.4306640625,
0.5864257812,
0.0068588257,
0.1154785156,
0.104309082,
-0.3615722656,
0.9521484375,
0.0566101074,
0.7202148438,
0.3488769531,
1.0908203125,
0.064453125,
0.52734375,
1.2646484375,
-0.7900390625,
0.0855712891,
-0.291015625,
0.2261962891,
-0.022857666,
-0.2590332031,
0.083984375,
-0.1871337891,
-0.7001953125,
-0.1987304688,
-0.6674804688,
-0.6328125,
0.3588867188,
-0.5288085938,
-0.9028320312,
-0.3764648438,
-0.9418945312,
0.5541992188,
-0.7631835938,
-0.1573486328,
-0.8330078125,
1.04296875,
0.6533203125,
0.1579589844,
-0.7036132812,
-0.9067382812,
1.0537109375,
0.3103027344,
-0.3361816406,
-1.1806640625,
0.6015625,
0.3686523438,
-0.2037353516,
-0.1212158203,
0.58984375,
-0.8525390625,
-1.6083984375,
0.2600097656,
0.8427734375,
-0.3669433594,
-0.2563476562,
-0.1641845703,
0.396484375,
-0.3439941406,
0.4274902344,
-0.7470703125,
0.2069091797,
0.6987304688,
0.6235351562,
0.1510009766,
-0.54296875,
-0.0811767578,
0.3977050781,
-0.5024414062,
-0.6040039062,
0.58984375,
-0.3073730469,
-0.0050849915,
0.4670410156,
-0.1990966797,
-0.2836914062,
0.1533203125,
0.0647583008,
-0.3933105469,
-1.04296875,
0.3083496094,
0.4526367188,
0.673828125,
-0.1644287109,
0.2727050781,
0.3286132812,
-0.5747070312,
0.9760742188,
0.2335205078,
0.7138671875,
-0.2203369141,
0.2202148438,
0.0972290039,
-0.1746826172,
-1.27734375,
0.4282226562,
-0.1333007812,
0.0262298584,
-1.3662109375,
0.1252441406,
1.1416015625,
-0.4208984375,
-0.31640625,
0.0269927979,
0.4558105469,
-0.6547851562,
-0.9370117188,
0.5922851562,
-0.1887207031,
-0.3947753906,
0.0108642578,
-0.0767822266,
-0.0155334473,
-0.0244140625,
-0.208984375,
0.052520752,
-0.3107910156,
-0.5874023438,
0.6948242188,
0.6220703125,
0.4084472656,
0.0438537598,
-0.4001464844,
-0.2052001953,
-1.033203125,
0.5776367188,
-0.392578125,
-0.5805664062,
-0.75390625,
-0.4099121094,
-0.4719238281,
0.3872070312,
-0.3784179688,
-0.5415039062,
-1.060546875,
-0.2271728516,
0.8139648438,
0.2307128906,
0.0269775391,
0.2036132812,
-0.4704589844,
0.0019512177,
0.5283203125,
0.2607421875,
-0.7397460938,
0.7553710938,
-0.1922607422,
-0.5307617188,
0.6616210938,
-1.880859375,
-1.349609375,
-0.063293457,
0.7690429688,
-1.1064453125,
-0.2609863281,
0.759765625,
-0.2646484375,
0.1290283203,
2.42578125,
0.1978759766,
-0.0217437744,
-0.1510009766,
-0.1270751953,
0.0138778687,
0.7836914062,
-0.0218963623,
-0.234375,
-0.1459960938,
0.2298583984,
0.55859375,
-0.0591125488,
-0.2109375,
-0.7524414062,
0.779296875,
-0.3911132812,
-0.2751464844,
0.5034179688,
0.2188720703,
-0.6059570312,
-0.4379882812,
-0.31640625,
-1.0419921875,
0.2006835938,
-0.609375,
0.1600341797,
1.2841796875,
0.8549804688,
-1.4326171875,
0.876953125,
0.0751953125,
-0.2785644531,
-0.7099609375,
-0.541015625,
0.8979492188,
-0.734375,
0.7158203125,
0.3051757812,
-0.0307006836,
-0.3779296875,
-0.2990722656,
0.8637695312,
-0.3229980469,
-0.7758789062,
0.6420898438,
0.505859375,
0.3381347656,
0.90625,
-0.6303710938,
-0.0247802734,
-0.6625976562,
0.2829589844,
0.2349853516,
-0.5517578125,
0.0118637085,
-0.3073730469,
-0.1395263672,
0.603515625,
-1.8505859375,
0.029296875,
0.5634765625,
-1.1396484375,
-0.6059570312,
0.0325012207,
-0.5185546875,
-0.8823242188,
-0.701171875,
-1.11328125,
0.1872558594,
-0.78515625,
-0.2291259766,
0.3881835938,
-0.2156982422,
1.0703125,
-0.0029449463,
-0.0889892578,
-0.3969726562,
0.4208984375,
-0.9741210938,
-0.4487304688,
0.1040039062,
-0.6762695312,
-0.2529296875,
-0.2836914062,
0.7006835938,
0.1600341797,
0.76953125,
0.6352539062,
-0.4794921875,
-0.7744140625,
-0.0532531738,
-1.9072265625,
-0.1939697266,
0.173828125,
0.5043945312,
-0.3513183594,
-0.5219726562,
-0.109375,
0.4489746094,
-0.7758789062,
0.1453857422,
0.8623046875,
0.4147949219,
-0.073059082,
-0.630859375,
0.6958007812,
0.0144500732,
-0.1878662109,
-0.2331542969,
0.900390625,
0.775390625,
-0.3588867188,
0.6005859375,
-0.4604492188,
-0.0716552734,
0.4013671875,
-0.3225097656,
-0.5825195312,
0.5180664062,
-0.0011110306,
-0.1669921875,
-0.2932128906,
0.5854492188,
0.8168945312,
0.0338439941,
-0.4169921875,
0.0913696289,
-0.9243164062,
0.1862792969,
1.4208984375,
1.0859375,
1.0029296875,
0.8598632812,
-0.4211425781,
0.4079589844,
0.2230224609,
0.8569335938,
0.3088378906,
1.5830078125,
0.8510742188,
-0.1748046875,
-1.087890625,
0.9672851562,
-0.8803710938,
-0.3723144531,
0.755859375,
0.4067382812,
-0.6098632812,
-0.62890625,
-0.0440063477,
-0.712890625,
0.4934082031,
0.1030273438,
-0.4841308594,
-0.4919433594,
0.6435546875,
-0.1140136719,
0.1928710938,
-0.3828125,
0.5400390625,
-0.3972167969,
-1.2099609375,
-0.123840332,
-0.435546875,
-1.05859375,
0.0188293457,
0.83203125,
-0.1137084961,
-0.9028320312,
-0.45703125,
-0.5498046875,
1.01953125,
-0.7104492188,
-0.642578125,
0.2265625,
-0.6625976562,
0.5512695312,
0.0329589844,
0.390625,
0.591796875,
0.0168151855,
-0.4675292969,
-0.6108398438,
-0.6557617188,
-0.2758789062,
0.2741699219,
-0.0030269623,
0.875,
0.2294921875,
-0.64453125,
0.4946289062,
2.041015625,
-0.2717285156,
-0.3659667969,
0.4506835938,
-0.775390625,
0.505859375,
1.447265625,
-0.2507324219,
0.2124023438,
0.4799804688,
1.1064453125,
-0.0179290771,
-0.1640625,
-0.5595703125,
1.3173828125,
-0.4038085938,
0.5087890625,
0.6337890625,
-0.3293457031,
-0.7055664062,
0.2717285156,
-1.6796875,
-0.3422851562,
-0.5263671875,
-0.0404052734,
0.3681640625,
1.2138671875,
0.53125,
-0.3344726562,
0.1849365234,
-0.4638671875,
0.693359375,
0.1145629883,
-0.650390625,
-0.0238342285,
0.568359375,
-0.3227539062,
0.1138305664,
-0.5234375,
1.0537109375,
0.6499023438,
-0.0287780762,
-0.1163330078,
-0.2724609375,
-0.3845214844,
-0.2927246094,
0.5776367188,
-0.3430175781,
1.1845703125,
-0.1050415039,
-1.482421875,
0.2401123047,
0.4047851562,
0.7626953125,
0.4606933594,
-0.5043945312,
-0.0953979492,
-0.0008687973,
0.30859375,
-0.9379882812,
0.0192260742,
0.1217041016,
1.6484375,
-0.2937011719,
0.466796875,
-0.73046875,
0.0694580078,
1.197265625,
1.2216796875,
0.0806884766,
-0.8325195312,
-0.466796875,
0.7875976562,
-0.5830078125,
-0.919921875,
0.53125,
-0.4812011719,
0.4116210938,
-1.130859375,
-0.5502929688,
0.1787109375,
0.3935546875,
-0.5756835938,
-0.2282714844,
-0.6245117188,
-0.6088867188,
-0.4409179688,
0.3273925781,
-1.5224609375,
0.7993164062,
-0.5400390625,
0.1624755859,
0.5883789062,
0.2033691406,
-1.0537109375,
0.0140609741,
-0.95703125,
-1.04296875,
-0.0240020752,
0.1339111328,
0.3068847656,
-0.1123046875,
1.2265625,
0.0004768372,
-0.2399902344,
0.4609375,
-0.91015625,
-0.1877441406,
-0.1286621094,
-0.5170898438,
0.1575927734,
-0.86328125,
-0.880859375,
-0.8505859375,
-0.1304931641,
-0.2783203125,
0.7548828125,
-0.1586914062,
-1.12109375,
0.7358398438,
1.7001953125,
0.4904785156,
0.2905273438,
-0.1107788086,
-0.3134765625,
-0.1906738281,
-0.3212890625,
1.482421875,
0.6323242188,
-0.0219421387,
0.2220458984,
-0.6044921875,
-0.2385253906,
-0.4230957031,
0.400390625,
-0.5541992188,
-0.1566162109,
0.1092529297,
0.4729003906,
-0.0000157952,
0.4445800781,
1.0810546875,
0.4855957031,
-1.4248046875,
-0.0199432373,
-0.1954345703,
-0.0202178955,
-0.8149414062,
1.30078125,
1.123046875,
-0.1359863281,
-0.7724609375,
-0.5239257812,
0.5288085938,
0.5092773438,
-0.0239715576,
-0.2985839844,
-0.4328613281,
-0.2795410156,
-0.9755859375,
0.9262695312,
0.0604248047,
0.3271484375,
0.0959472656,
0.0541381836,
-0.6713867188,
0.8266601562,
0.638671875,
-0.5942382812,
0.9243164062,
-0.021774292,
1.013671875,
-0.1390380859,
0.947265625,
0.3869628906,
0.0733642578,
-0.0019760132,
0.2604980469,
0.0874023438,
-0.8623046875,
0.6201171875,
0.5625,
-1.0712890625,
-0.0145950317,
-0.69921875,
0.3952636719,
-0.1458740234,
0.2404785156,
-0.4855957031,
0.6352539062,
-0.37109375,
0.3591308594,
0.7104492188,
0.2578125,
0.0571289062,
0.7744140625,
-0.3947753906,
0.2790527344,
-0.2491455078,
-1.60546875,
-0.2780761719,
-0.1416015625,
-0.1123657227,
-0.8798828125,
-0.2819824219,
-0.2091064453,
-1.064453125,
0.171875,
0.6748046875,
0.50390625,
0.3923339844,
0.1348876953,
1.119140625,
0.3967285156,
0.4997558594,
0.4765625,
1.4208984375,
0.1826171875,
-0.0919799805,
-0.4243164062,
0.2199707031,
0.521484375,
-0.1831054688,
0.3032226562,
0.8120117188,
-0.4013671875,
0.4201660156,
0.9555664062,
0.4387207031,
0.1638183594,
-1.5146484375,
-0.3979492188,
-0.3000488281,
1.1650390625,
-0.5576171875,
-0.2956542969,
0.3991699219,
1.2451171875,
1.037109375,
-0.5454101562,
0.2565917969,
-0.0606994629,
0.4565429688,
-0.2646484375,
0.8432617188,
0.1030883789,
-0.1707763672,
0.1508789062,
1.03125,
0.2154541016,
-0.6865234375,
-0.9365234375,
-0.447265625,
-0.4123535156,
0.0462646484,
-0.6420898438,
-0.5180664062,
-0.4543457031,
-0.591796875,
0.64453125,
-0.4934082031,
-0.9301757812,
-0.0373840332,
0.6137695312,
0.439453125,
-0.0454101562,
-0.521484375,
-0.6274414062,
-0.1950683594,
-1.1162109375,
-0.0050621033,
0.0825805664,
1.1240234375,
-0.4709472656,
-0.5815429688,
-0.4279785156,
-0.3754882812,
-0.0169219971,
-1.6650390625,
-0.0972900391,
-0.7719726562,
-0.7685546875,
0.4436035156,
0.1118774414,
-0.0353088379,
0.5483398438,
0.3759765625,
0.5249023438,
0.3259277344,
-0.1176147461,
0.2531738281,
-1.103515625,
0.4284667969,
0.970703125,
0.759765625,
0.359375,
-0.3676757812,
-0.108581543,
-0.0912475586,
0.072265625,
-0.0565185547,
-0.1296386719,
0.1593017578,
1.0009765625,
-0.0330505371,
-0.1370849609,
-0.0690307617,
-0.1083984375,
0.24609375,
-0.6572265625,
0.3837890625,
0.5629882812,
-0.6884765625,
1.033203125,
-0.3530273438,
-0.6469726562,
0.6474609375,
0.1656494141,
0.3364257812,
0.2287597656,
0.2604980469,
-0.3122558594,
0.2661132812,
-0.6987304688,
0.7568359375,
-0.4689941406,
-0.2056884766,
0.771484375,
-0.0834960938,
-0.513671875,
-0.0013551712,
-0.0744018555,
-0.2590332031,
1.3681640625,
-0.0047531128,
-0.732421875,
-0.3835449219,
1.7548828125,
0.8745117188,
-1.044921875,
-0.0868530273,
0.2192382812,
0.2341308594,
-0.4274902344,
-12.9921875,
-2.12109375,
0.1116943359,
0.4887695312,
-0.8686523438,
0.2932128906,
0.4658203125,
0.0823974609,
0.0547180176,
-0.1107788086,
0.5659179688,
0.2114257812,
0.2368164062,
-1.1650390625,
0.759765625,
0.5893554688,
-0.2551269531,
-0.6889648438,
-0.3666992188,
-0.0002923012,
0.3635253906,
1.494140625,
-0.7080078125,
0.6938476562,
-0.7309570312,
-0.6650390625,
0.8120117188,
-0.0990600586,
-0.1206054688,
1.169921875,
-0.8754882812,
0.0205230713,
0.3020019531,
0.6313476562,
-0.6450195312,
-0.5883789062,
-0.4848632812,
0.4638671875,
-0.1967773438,
0.0207366943,
-1.0361328125,
-0.032989502,
-0.982421875,
-0.2565917969,
0.2795410156,
0.4870605469,
0.5556640625,
-0.60546875,
-0.0894775391,
-0.8798828125,
0.2524414062,
1.0068359375,
0.1875,
0.31640625,
-1.7783203125,
0.2080078125,
-1.201171875,
0.9653320312,
-0.3510742188,
0.7080078125,
-0.404296875,
0.4577636719,
1.37109375,
0.1945800781,
-0.3825683594,
-0.7045898438,
-0.3610839844,
-0.1477050781,
0.1485595703,
-0.013458252,
-0.6401367188,
0.3845214844,
1.556640625,
0.6020507812,
0.2529296875,
0.6748046875,
0.2211914062,
-0.057800293,
0.1954345703,
-0.0709838867,
-0.4208984375,
-0.4611816406
] |
Young repeated this idea in an article published in a supplement to the Encyclopædia Britannica in February 1818, in which he added that Malus's law would be explained if polarization consisted in a transverse motion. Thus Fresnel, by his own testimony, may not have been the first person to suspect that light waves could have a transverse component, or that polarized waves were exclusively transverse. And it was Young, not Fresnel, who first published the idea that polarization depends on the orientation of a transverse vibration. But these incomplete theories had not reconciled the nature of polarization with the apparent existence of unpolarized light; that achievement was to be Fresnel's alone. In a note that Buchwald dates in the summer of 1818, Fresnel entertained the idea that unpolarized waves could have vibrations of the same energy and obliquity, with their orientations distributed uniformly about the wave-normal, and that the degree of polarization was the degree of non-uniformity in the distribution. Two pages later he noted, apparently for the first time in writing, that his phase-inversion rule and the non-interference of orthogonally-polarized beams would be easily explained if the vibrations of fully polarized waves were "perpendicular to the normal to the wave"—that is, purely transverse. But if he could account for lack of polarization by averaging out the transverse component, he did not also need to assume a longitudinal component. | [
-0.6459960938,
-0.4995117188,
0.0368652344,
0.0792236328,
-0.5375976562,
0.6318359375,
0.4345703125,
0.0604858398,
0.8208007812,
0.0606384277,
-1.0166015625,
-0.0841064453,
-0.0723876953,
-0.1381835938,
0.66796875,
0.050567627,
-0.2526855469,
-0.5810546875,
-0.2462158203,
0.2692871094,
0.1467285156,
-0.2221679688,
-0.9423828125,
-0.2915039062,
-1.2607421875,
-0.1259765625,
0.7255859375,
-0.3127441406,
-0.52734375,
-0.4260253906,
0.0228424072,
-0.1478271484,
0.3234863281,
-0.0475769043,
0.1555175781,
1.439453125,
-1.0830078125,
0.3815917969,
0.3984375,
0.0506286621,
0.2607421875,
-0.9008789062,
-0.2237548828,
0.2685546875,
-0.0469665527,
-0.1916503906,
-0.1021728516,
0.2191162109,
-0.2849121094,
-0.6752929688,
0.1628417969,
-0.7026367188,
0.1412353516,
-0.1302490234,
0.0313110352,
-0.806640625,
0.061706543,
-0.0972290039,
0.4514160156,
0.2595214844,
-0.3071289062,
0.0615234375,
-0.607421875,
-0.9682617188,
0.5029296875,
-0.755859375,
-0.458984375,
-0.3034667969,
-0.2592773438,
0.3210449219,
-1.275390625,
0.3081054688,
-0.1964111328,
-0.8056640625,
-0.3305664062,
-0.8198242188,
-2.021484375,
-0.3666992188,
0.451171875,
0.4260253906,
-0.36328125,
-0.62109375,
-0.1944580078,
-1.353515625,
-1.33203125,
0.7001953125,
0.2822265625,
-0.0663452148,
-0.8061523438,
1.3701171875,
0.2335205078,
-0.4497070312,
-0.7827148438,
0.5219726562,
0.0063247681,
-0.4387207031,
-0.6064453125,
-1.193359375,
-0.7163085938,
-0.0150222778,
0.1860351562,
-0.6240234375,
0.7680664062,
0.66796875,
-0.0999145508,
1.1123046875,
-0.9697265625,
0.1146240234,
-0.1159667969,
0.1984863281,
0.2302246094,
-0.3029785156,
0.4301757812,
-0.7875976562,
-0.3908691406,
0.677734375,
-0.6420898438,
0.0404663086,
-0.3439941406,
-0.0246124268,
0.4536132812,
0.1215820312,
-0.1905517578,
0.0176544189,
0.7788085938,
0.314453125,
0.0869140625,
-1.2119140625,
-0.330078125,
-0.1017456055,
0.1956787109,
-0.1849365234,
-0.044342041,
0.5537109375,
0.0346069336,
-0.3581542969,
-0.4533691406,
0.0297851562,
0.1216430664,
-0.0408630371,
-0.0313720703,
0.4462890625,
0.62109375,
0.0413208008,
0.2047119141,
-0.4626464844,
-0.3151855469,
0.0472717285,
-0.705078125,
0.3083496094,
-1.3388671875,
-0.2634277344,
0.1866455078,
0.2902832031,
-0.7016601562,
0.6879882812,
-0.3041992188,
0.0622558594,
-0.5239257812,
-0.6484375,
-0.9125976562,
-0.1439208984,
-0.5341796875,
0.0287322998,
0.5,
0.4543457031,
-0.5146484375,
-0.4367675781,
-0.2663574219,
0.4323730469,
-0.4426269531,
0.6630859375,
-0.0974121094,
0.0841064453,
0.2209472656,
-1.0009765625,
1.2529296875,
0.3432617188,
-0.4443359375,
0.9897460938,
0.3332519531,
-1.1796875,
-0.26953125,
-0.2263183594,
0.4016113281,
-0.0101165771,
0.2751464844,
0.3603515625,
0.3967285156,
-0.4580078125,
-0.572265625,
1.0517578125,
0.3376464844,
-0.4633789062,
-0.2795410156,
0.4709472656,
-1.736328125,
-0.3745117188,
0.5712890625,
-0.1607666016,
0.4187011719,
0.8549804688,
0.740234375,
0.3178710938,
0.6997070312,
-0.3967285156,
0.5737304688,
-0.3037109375,
0.3259277344,
0.1489257812,
0.07421875,
0.5307617188,
-0.3918457031,
0.5454101562,
0.4614257812,
0.1950683594,
0.5151367188,
-0.25,
0.8618164062,
-0.4455566406,
0.0567321777,
-0.2160644531,
-1.7138671875,
0.4079589844,
-1.00390625,
-0.0854492188,
-0.59375,
0.9990234375,
0.63671875,
0.4528808594,
0.3217773438,
0.0827636719,
-1.4873046875,
0.0358886719,
0.6616210938,
0.0331726074,
-0.0817260742,
-1.33984375,
-0.5610351562,
-1.166015625,
-0.5791015625,
-0.1297607422,
0.3559570312,
-0.7348632812,
-0.0257720947,
-0.755859375,
1.0107421875,
0.2292480469,
0.369140625,
0.625,
-0.1440429688,
0.5317382812,
-0.1848144531,
-0.0511474609,
-0.2758789062,
0.6005859375,
-0.4235839844,
0.48046875,
0.2941894531,
0.80078125,
-0.2177734375,
0.2978515625,
1.4931640625,
-0.1774902344,
0.0994873047,
-0.2924804688,
0.1901855469,
0.1497802734,
-0.1607666016,
0.4584960938,
0.0076828003,
-0.8803710938,
-0.1756591797,
-0.1041259766,
0.2819824219,
0.4265136719,
-0.1687011719,
-1.5869140625,
-0.2319335938,
-1.0390625,
0.5415039062,
-0.2524414062,
-0.6323242188,
-0.9643554688,
0.8603515625,
1.021484375,
0.2504882812,
-0.4118652344,
-0.8413085938,
1.103515625,
0.5717773438,
-0.6455078125,
-1.29296875,
0.5268554688,
0.5053710938,
-0.4858398438,
0.092590332,
1.087890625,
-0.6352539062,
-0.8056640625,
0.5361328125,
1.3837890625,
-0.5864257812,
-0.3000488281,
-0.0230865479,
0.1370849609,
-0.030380249,
0.1955566406,
-0.6088867188,
0.0339355469,
0.6767578125,
0.4636230469,
0.0853271484,
-0.716796875,
-0.8764648438,
0.1375732422,
-0.1630859375,
-0.1547851562,
0.3776855469,
-0.3669433594,
-0.0835571289,
0.5732421875,
0.0542602539,
-0.3500976562,
0.2177734375,
0.2200927734,
-0.4284667969,
-0.765625,
0.0075569153,
0.7133789062,
0.7060546875,
-0.0491027832,
0.2432861328,
0.2415771484,
-0.3083496094,
0.7158203125,
-0.26171875,
0.3627929688,
-0.3090820312,
-0.1068115234,
0.0786743164,
0.0296936035,
-1.3310546875,
-0.060546875,
0.3039550781,
0.1166381836,
-1.0751953125,
-0.0673217773,
0.7241210938,
-0.4013671875,
-0.0218505859,
0.2958984375,
0.4304199219,
-0.5546875,
-0.5087890625,
0.1752929688,
-0.2276611328,
0.045135498,
-0.1435546875,
0.0092315674,
-0.3107910156,
0.1496582031,
-0.6899414062,
-0.1006469727,
-1.046875,
-0.541015625,
0.3618164062,
0.7768554688,
0.51171875,
0.4072265625,
-0.4731445312,
-0.2224121094,
-1.1845703125,
0.2061767578,
-0.3015136719,
-0.6987304688,
-0.1627197266,
-0.2915039062,
-0.6411132812,
0.2724609375,
-0.849609375,
-0.9760742188,
-1.033203125,
-0.2230224609,
0.931640625,
-0.1414794922,
-0.5307617188,
0.5327148438,
-0.3571777344,
-0.669921875,
0.3879394531,
0.1708984375,
-0.4938964844,
0.7890625,
-0.0939331055,
-0.1105957031,
0.3842773438,
-1.537109375,
-0.76171875,
0.3801269531,
0.7680664062,
-1.55078125,
-0.3361816406,
0.333984375,
0.2012939453,
0.2712402344,
1.5693359375,
-0.0465698242,
-0.2209472656,
-0.4545898438,
-0.2177734375,
0.2492675781,
1.2724609375,
-0.1396484375,
-0.7094726562,
-0.0709228516,
0.5991210938,
0.4104003906,
0.0965576172,
-0.0324401855,
-0.2253417969,
0.669921875,
-0.0292663574,
-0.4631347656,
0.4736328125,
0.3005371094,
-0.94921875,
-0.486328125,
-0.2095947266,
-0.8891601562,
0.0726318359,
-0.4680175781,
0.0802001953,
1.1552734375,
0.38671875,
-0.6430664062,
0.3059082031,
0.0003402233,
-0.40234375,
-0.0855712891,
-0.1708984375,
1.1376953125,
-1.0458984375,
0.49609375,
0.591796875,
0.25,
-0.1089477539,
-0.5888671875,
0.3776855469,
-0.2805175781,
-0.75,
0.4641113281,
0.4331054688,
0.4196777344,
0.9702148438,
-0.34765625,
0.2276611328,
-0.0573730469,
0.0999145508,
-0.05859375,
0.4323730469,
-0.4331054688,
-0.1226196289,
0.1069335938,
1.0947265625,
-1.5380859375,
-0.2893066406,
0.5795898438,
-1.1337890625,
-0.6245117188,
0.5659179688,
-0.2446289062,
-0.7377929688,
-0.7001953125,
-1.1845703125,
-0.1243286133,
-0.4599609375,
-0.6689453125,
0.3298339844,
0.1883544922,
1.3466796875,
-0.0839233398,
0.3828125,
-0.0950927734,
0.3054199219,
-0.7299804688,
-0.6411132812,
-0.2556152344,
-0.4763183594,
-0.169921875,
-0.3701171875,
0.4208984375,
-0.0413818359,
0.1645507812,
0.3078613281,
-0.1551513672,
-0.69921875,
-0.1357421875,
-2.05078125,
0.0272521973,
-0.2924804688,
0.1911621094,
-0.2149658203,
-0.6435546875,
-0.0448608398,
0.9252929688,
0.0229187012,
0.0663452148,
0.4372558594,
0.73046875,
-0.1889648438,
-0.5405273438,
0.2612304688,
-0.1268310547,
0.126953125,
-0.5610351562,
0.54296875,
0.7407226562,
-0.7841796875,
0.0459289551,
0.1540527344,
-0.2260742188,
0.87109375,
-0.7412109375,
-1.0654296875,
0.4663085938,
-0.115234375,
0.0783691406,
-0.5356445312,
0.1849365234,
0.5888671875,
0.4187011719,
-0.1293945312,
-0.2120361328,
-0.6147460938,
0.2469482422,
1.134765625,
0.990234375,
0.8984375,
0.4848632812,
-0.2131347656,
0.1239624023,
-0.2548828125,
0.9267578125,
0.3029785156,
1.873046875,
0.8901367188,
-0.2917480469,
-0.9140625,
0.8852539062,
-0.8857421875,
-0.3986816406,
0.3850097656,
0.4396972656,
-0.5131835938,
-0.4294433594,
-0.1638183594,
-1.169921875,
0.7563476562,
0.3352050781,
-0.548828125,
0.1209716797,
0.3403320312,
-0.2484130859,
-0.1342773438,
0.0547790527,
0.2301025391,
-0.7958984375,
-1.203125,
-0.0682373047,
-0.6884765625,
-1.044921875,
-0.1479492188,
0.603515625,
-0.3605957031,
-0.3454589844,
-0.4621582031,
-0.5092773438,
0.7822265625,
-0.3762207031,
-0.3115234375,
-0.0972290039,
-0.55078125,
0.6328125,
-0.33203125,
0.1513671875,
0.5258789062,
-0.3786621094,
-0.298828125,
-0.3981933594,
-0.4091796875,
-0.296875,
1.0068359375,
0.1649169922,
0.7451171875,
0.4133300781,
-0.52734375,
-0.0646362305,
1,
-0.0930175781,
0.1005249023,
0.6137695312,
-1.021484375,
0.259765625,
0.9155273438,
0.0099487305,
0.5380859375,
0.8530273438,
0.5678710938,
-0.0825195312,
-0.1801757812,
-0.52734375,
1.1875,
-0.0101089478,
-0.0189666748,
0.17578125,
-0.2071533203,
-0.7060546875,
-0.0222320557,
-1.341796875,
-0.703125,
-0.2069091797,
0.3022460938,
0.8217773438,
1.5458984375,
-0.0062942505,
-0.3076171875,
0.2514648438,
-1.0107421875,
0.46875,
0.9169921875,
-0.8920898438,
-0.1074829102,
0.3171386719,
-0.318359375,
-0.1447753906,
-0.0076293945,
0.9658203125,
0.4211425781,
0.1572265625,
0.0297851562,
-0.0359191895,
-0.1011962891,
0.0842285156,
0.5268554688,
0.0565185547,
0.4445800781,
0.2420654297,
-1.0107421875,
0.3862304688,
-0.02003479,
1.1640625,
0.6596679688,
-0.5859375,
-0.2504882812,
-0.1195068359,
0.3562011719,
-0.6943359375,
0.9262695312,
-0.251953125,
1.4326171875,
-0.0468444824,
0.5161132812,
-0.9345703125,
-0.26171875,
0.9326171875,
1.1943359375,
-0.4069824219,
-0.2785644531,
-0.1303710938,
0.3779296875,
-0.6640625,
-0.7709960938,
1.2890625,
-0.2385253906,
0.3276367188,
-0.6791992188,
-0.341796875,
-0.2473144531,
0.9389648438,
-0.4086914062,
-0.3605957031,
-0.3596191406,
-0.3322753906,
-0.3767089844,
-0.12890625,
-1.044921875,
0.4777832031,
-0.67578125,
0.3334960938,
0.1309814453,
0.2653808594,
-0.9794921875,
-0.073059082,
-1.33203125,
-0.9228515625,
0.0003933907,
0.3159179688,
0.3078613281,
0.1484375,
1.2041015625,
-0.0891113281,
-0.6474609375,
0.4050292969,
-0.876953125,
-0.4416503906,
0.1123046875,
-0.4926757812,
-0.0587158203,
-1.0107421875,
-1.0205078125,
-1.0556640625,
0.3388671875,
0.3566894531,
1.3916015625,
-0.1453857422,
-0.8154296875,
0.5249023438,
0.9697265625,
0.3100585938,
0.1407470703,
0.0843505859,
-0.1157836914,
-0.3857421875,
-0.1900634766,
0.8852539062,
0.2359619141,
-0.0582580566,
0.0066452026,
-0.5239257812,
-0.3156738281,
-0.1748046875,
0.5014648438,
-0.3532714844,
0.1328125,
-0.3459472656,
0.673828125,
-0.0601501465,
0.7041015625,
0.880859375,
0.4313964844,
-1.11328125,
0.1593017578,
-0.3254394531,
0.1285400391,
-0.3103027344,
0.9228515625,
0.8984375,
-0.3747558594,
-0.3232421875,
-0.6069335938,
0.6987304688,
0.4812011719,
-0.7421875,
0.0577392578,
-0.6274414062,
-0.3137207031,
-0.673828125,
0.6108398438,
-0.0041542053,
0.2663574219,
-0.3720703125,
0.1932373047,
-0.220703125,
0.7250976562,
0.3674316406,
-0.4143066406,
0.4140625,
-0.0697021484,
1.404296875,
0.1545410156,
1.1796875,
0.1252441406,
-0.5629882812,
0.2834472656,
-0.1330566406,
-0.2478027344,
-0.82421875,
0.708984375,
0.3522949219,
-0.625,
-0.2585449219,
-0.671875,
0.4460449219,
-0.0228424072,
0.2687988281,
-0.044708252,
0.7680664062,
-0.259765625,
-0.032623291,
0.2204589844,
0.6850585938,
0.49609375,
1.162109375,
0.091003418,
0.3798828125,
-0.0820922852,
-1.15625,
0.0597229004,
-0.1045532227,
-0.0129089355,
-0.8505859375,
0.4936523438,
-0.1412353516,
-0.9526367188,
-0.3325195312,
0.6049804688,
0.2956542969,
0.2165527344,
0.4111328125,
0.8818359375,
0.4855957031,
0.423828125,
0.9453125,
1.3203125,
-0.4050292969,
-0.0536804199,
0.2180175781,
0.3566894531,
0.4826660156,
-0.0026435852,
0.2067871094,
-0.0343017578,
-0.0530090332,
0.7158203125,
1.185546875,
0.4333496094,
-0.4934082031,
-1.330078125,
-0.2744140625,
-0.4230957031,
1.0625,
-0.3937988281,
-0.1878662109,
0.2097167969,
1.3466796875,
0.4353027344,
-0.2282714844,
0.40234375,
-0.5126953125,
0.1708984375,
-0.4033203125,
0.1712646484,
0.5747070312,
-0.0201873779,
-0.0687866211,
0.3874511719,
-0.0292358398,
-0.55078125,
-0.4052734375,
-0.4421386719,
-0.2326660156,
-0.0466308594,
-0.6323242188,
-0.5815429688,
-0.7407226562,
-0.6748046875,
0.2087402344,
-0.2161865234,
-0.6943359375,
-0.0861816406,
0.4360351562,
-0.0016212463,
-0.0547180176,
-0.3469238281,
-0.8110351562,
0.2517089844,
-0.541015625,
0.2109375,
0.3269042969,
0.6303710938,
-0.2492675781,
-1.0126953125,
-0.5727539062,
-0.5615234375,
-0.1302490234,
-0.9106445312,
-0.0022659302,
-0.8168945312,
-0.1083374023,
0.6342773438,
-0.1158447266,
0.48828125,
1.259765625,
0.8154296875,
0.654296875,
0.2790527344,
-0.2590332031,
-0.0712890625,
-1.2265625,
0.3876953125,
0.36328125,
0.7211914062,
0.5805664062,
-0.2834472656,
0.0419006348,
-0.3823242188,
0.0725708008,
0.1589355469,
-0.0119552612,
-0.0418395996,
0.9526367188,
-0.3408203125,
-0.5307617188,
-0.2338867188,
-0.2044677734,
-0.234375,
-0.7705078125,
0.3117675781,
0.3188476562,
-0.7172851562,
0.5810546875,
-0.6103515625,
-0.24609375,
0.6923828125,
-0.013458252,
-0.2543945312,
0.0723876953,
0.0982055664,
0.1175537109,
0.2561035156,
-0.4150390625,
1.369140625,
-0.2196044922,
0.2619628906,
0.4565429688,
0.1885986328,
-1.1669921875,
0.4460449219,
-0.6616210938,
-0.7041015625,
1.060546875,
0.1492919922,
-0.7348632812,
-0.4926757812,
1.4228515625,
0.8471679688,
-0.7192382812,
-0.2673339844,
-0.1854248047,
0.3869628906,
-0.5693359375,
-14.421875,
-1.7431640625,
0.3662109375,
0.4284667969,
-0.4006347656,
0.3908691406,
0.7314453125,
-0.4284667969,
0.2416992188,
-0.1743164062,
0.7309570312,
0.6401367188,
0.3601074219,
-0.1566162109,
1.2568359375,
1.1337890625,
-0.7963867188,
-0.3015136719,
-0.7846679688,
-0.2174072266,
0.2486572266,
1.1064453125,
-0.666015625,
0.4008789062,
-0.4677734375,
-0.6171875,
0.990234375,
0.2502441406,
0.0156555176,
1.107421875,
-0.611328125,
0.3203125,
-0.3161621094,
0.6611328125,
-0.1921386719,
-0.4025878906,
-0.2473144531,
0.3825683594,
0.630859375,
-0.0983276367,
-0.9086914062,
-0.408203125,
-0.7255859375,
-0.2248535156,
0.0767822266,
0.4909667969,
0.7416992188,
-0.8916015625,
0.376953125,
-0.9921875,
0.0524902344,
1.22265625,
0.2966308594,
-0.0942382812,
-1.474609375,
-0.1782226562,
-1.5107421875,
0.8125,
-0.1173706055,
0.2670898438,
-0.2104492188,
0.4372558594,
1.05859375,
0.1644287109,
-0.023147583,
-0.7412109375,
-0.4714355469,
-0.9521484375,
0.3342285156,
-0.1966552734,
-0.7114257812,
0.029586792,
1.1103515625,
0.0893554688,
0.3547363281,
0.6235351562,
0.1611328125,
-0.2003173828,
0.5146484375,
0.0332641602,
-0.1970214844,
-0.7026367188
] |
It was enough to suppose that light waves are purely transverse, hence always polarized in the sense of having a particular transverse orientation, and that the "unpolarized" state of natural or "direct" light is due to rapid and random variations in that orientation, in which case two coherent portions of "unpolarized" light will still interfere because their orientations will be synchronized. It is not known exactly when Fresnel made this last step, because there is no relevant documentation from 1820 or early 1821 (perhaps because he was too busy working on lighthouse-lens prototypes; see below). But he first published the idea in a paper on "Calcul des teintes…" ("calculation of the tints…"), serialized in Arago's Annales for May, June, and July 1821. In the first installment, Fresnel described "direct" (unpolarized) light as "the rapid succession of systems of waves polarized in all directions", and gave what is essentially the modern explanation of chromatic polarization, albeit in terms of the analogy between polarization and the resolution of forces in a plane, mentioning transverse waves only in a footnote. The introduction of transverse waves into the main argument was delayed to the second installment, in which he revealed the suspicion that he and Ampère had harbored since 1816, and the difficulty it raised. He continued:
According to this new view, he wrote, "the act of polarization consists not in creating these transverse movements, but in decomposing them into two fixed perpendicular directions and in separating the two components". | [
-0.7290039062,
-0.5546875,
-0.3859863281,
0.0961914062,
0.1800537109,
0.1605224609,
0.4123535156,
0.4616699219,
0.7270507812,
0.2578125,
-0.591796875,
-0.0563659668,
-0.80859375,
-0.3725585938,
-0.0375366211,
-0.1190185547,
-0.1782226562,
-0.7021484375,
-0.3566894531,
0.5483398438,
-0.0394897461,
0.5390625,
-0.8583984375,
-0.0111999512,
-1.056640625,
-0.1118774414,
0.3942871094,
-0.4875488281,
-0.8276367188,
-0.1654052734,
0.11328125,
0.0738525391,
0.4025878906,
0.0953369141,
0.3276367188,
1.4365234375,
-1.0244140625,
-0.0740356445,
0.4348144531,
0.0852050781,
0.5224609375,
-1.6015625,
0.0619506836,
-0.0901489258,
0.1730957031,
-0.3498535156,
-0.3159179688,
0.0081787109,
-0.6435546875,
-0.3017578125,
0.2124023438,
-1.5400390625,
-0.2275390625,
-0.1051635742,
-0.3337402344,
-0.0344848633,
0.4577636719,
-0.1378173828,
0.4321289062,
0.1458740234,
-0.2476806641,
0.0293884277,
-0.5131835938,
-0.2358398438,
0.4748535156,
-0.78515625,
-0.2041015625,
-0.66796875,
-0.6416015625,
0.8696289062,
-1.4375,
0.2626953125,
-0.52734375,
-0.4790039062,
-0.5122070312,
-0.4614257812,
-1.5068359375,
0.2493896484,
0.8862304688,
0.4389648438,
-0.1099243164,
-0.4899902344,
-0.2756347656,
-1.283203125,
-1.265625,
0.158203125,
0.7270507812,
-0.2241210938,
-0.7958984375,
1.5556640625,
0.6850585938,
-0.3942871094,
-0.3752441406,
0.4506835938,
-0.0688476562,
-0.1190795898,
-1.318359375,
-0.501953125,
-0.9365234375,
-0.9384765625,
0.1837158203,
-0.85546875,
0.8374023438,
0.3464355469,
0.3835449219,
1.2001953125,
-1.5,
0.5693359375,
-0.1625976562,
0.9086914062,
0.7465820312,
-0.0637207031,
0.8911132812,
-0.88671875,
-0.7797851562,
0.3977050781,
-0.3835449219,
0.1702880859,
-0.8583984375,
-0.99609375,
0.0296478271,
-0.2203369141,
0.0553588867,
-0.2322998047,
0.8715820312,
0.1016845703,
-0.16015625,
-1.4892578125,
-1.2861328125,
-0.1111450195,
-0.1771240234,
-0.771484375,
-0.265625,
0.7294921875,
-0.006313324,
-0.7495117188,
-0.8227539062,
0.0498352051,
0.3776855469,
-0.580078125,
-0.5048828125,
0.591796875,
0.4111328125,
-0.1428222656,
0.0128097534,
-0.4968261719,
0.7885742188,
-0.2111816406,
-1.1591796875,
0.4248046875,
-1.4599609375,
0.2585449219,
-0.2641601562,
0.8784179688,
-0.2377929688,
0.8598632812,
-0.2915039062,
-0.298828125,
-0.3139648438,
-0.5102539062,
-0.6411132812,
-0.2260742188,
-0.3879394531,
-0.2963867188,
0.3903808594,
0.921875,
-0.9848632812,
-1.142578125,
-0.6596679688,
1.013671875,
0.296875,
0.546875,
0.1708984375,
-0.271484375,
0.1800537109,
-0.8930664062,
1.142578125,
-0.0076751709,
-0.079284668,
0.6645507812,
0.1805419922,
-1.458984375,
-0.2452392578,
-0.6020507812,
-0.1945800781,
0.032409668,
-0.0849609375,
0.5893554688,
-0.2333984375,
-0.1114501953,
-0.0480651855,
1.353515625,
0.52734375,
-0.4089355469,
-0.4064941406,
0.4675292969,
-1.974609375,
0.2004394531,
0.7387695312,
-0.1533203125,
0.455078125,
0.5083007812,
0.70703125,
0.4921875,
0.5434570312,
-0.46484375,
0.4572753906,
0.259765625,
0.1649169922,
-0.1407470703,
0.3229980469,
0.9814453125,
-0.5537109375,
0.9658203125,
0.3942871094,
-0.1317138672,
0.7221679688,
-0.0363769531,
0.728515625,
-0.8662109375,
0.5771484375,
0.0594787598,
-2.056640625,
0.69140625,
-1.12890625,
0.248046875,
-0.53125,
1.2216796875,
0.556640625,
0.6586914062,
-0.0221405029,
-0.4951171875,
-1.3623046875,
-0.44140625,
0.6010742188,
0.2680664062,
-0.60546875,
-1.03515625,
-0.2266845703,
-0.7353515625,
-0.7143554688,
-0.1422119141,
0.3371582031,
-0.447265625,
0.1427001953,
-0.5576171875,
0.7216796875,
-0.1541748047,
0.6538085938,
0.4724121094,
0.4938964844,
0.4172363281,
0.0657958984,
0.1599121094,
-0.2397460938,
0.9311523438,
0.0959472656,
1.3359375,
0.2358398438,
0.943359375,
-0.5961914062,
0.716796875,
1.2587890625,
-0.2702636719,
0.2502441406,
-0.466796875,
0.5029296875,
-0.0016822815,
-0.642578125,
0.2043457031,
-0.3557128906,
-0.8002929688,
-0.3862304688,
-0.6557617188,
0.5063476562,
0.5166015625,
-1.107421875,
-1.05859375,
-0.3469238281,
-0.6059570312,
0.5830078125,
-0.3669433594,
-0.8041992188,
-1.0078125,
1.3564453125,
0.3576660156,
0.3972167969,
-0.6850585938,
-0.716796875,
0.6772460938,
0.4006347656,
-0.0102005005,
-1.0771484375,
0.5649414062,
0.1315917969,
-0.8818359375,
-0.0657958984,
1.4462890625,
-1.1708984375,
-0.625,
1.017578125,
1.1181640625,
-0.3879394531,
-0.35546875,
0.1589355469,
0.1374511719,
0.2224121094,
0.1563720703,
-1.1650390625,
-0.1468505859,
1.130859375,
0.9453125,
-0.3408203125,
-0.4389648438,
-0.0760498047,
0.2398681641,
-0.3698730469,
-0.4423828125,
0.556640625,
-0.5517578125,
-0.26171875,
0.4997558594,
0.1073608398,
-0.1117553711,
0.1988525391,
0.1137695312,
0.2663574219,
-0.3662109375,
0.5727539062,
0.6162109375,
1.0322265625,
0.0264282227,
0.1022949219,
0.4653320312,
-0.5493164062,
0.8994140625,
0.6435546875,
0.3383789062,
0.38671875,
-0.1530761719,
-0.1727294922,
-0.0793457031,
-0.748046875,
-0.0133361816,
-0.2109375,
0.505859375,
-1.2470703125,
0.3693847656,
0.6015625,
-0.4294433594,
-0.5380859375,
0.1682128906,
0.2958984375,
-0.6508789062,
-0.6127929688,
0.3395996094,
-0.248046875,
-0.2585449219,
-0.1063842773,
-0.2022705078,
-0.2966308594,
-0.0768432617,
0.116394043,
-0.2093505859,
-0.7172851562,
-0.6508789062,
-0.2902832031,
0.8017578125,
0.8911132812,
-0.1590576172,
-0.3115234375,
0.2005615234,
-1.2177734375,
0.10546875,
-1.0517578125,
-0.1198120117,
-0.5708007812,
0.31640625,
-0.7993164062,
0.3715820312,
-0.2719726562,
-1.09375,
-0.7973632812,
-0.5825195312,
0.6489257812,
-0.2763671875,
-0.2357177734,
0.53515625,
-0.0797729492,
-0.2670898438,
0.5073242188,
0.2142333984,
-0.5424804688,
0.5590820312,
-0.4807128906,
0.037109375,
0.7670898438,
-2.263671875,
-1.6572265625,
0.0842895508,
0.900390625,
-1.3291015625,
-0.3239746094,
0.9985351562,
0.0400695801,
0.4294433594,
2.625,
-0.056854248,
-0.1633300781,
-0.2844238281,
-0.2888183594,
-0.1422119141,
0.7788085938,
0.3291015625,
-0.890625,
-0.0942993164,
-0.0912475586,
0.7182617188,
0.1034545898,
-0.3842773438,
-0.3315429688,
0.5400390625,
-0.2161865234,
-0.2956542969,
0.626953125,
-0.275390625,
-0.2014160156,
-0.4409179688,
0.2739257812,
-0.5805664062,
-0.1331787109,
-1.0751953125,
0.4887695312,
1.1962890625,
1.0703125,
-0.8217773438,
0.8696289062,
-0.4274902344,
-0.0330505371,
-0.2279052734,
-0.5415039062,
0.857421875,
-1.2275390625,
0.7651367188,
-0.2274169922,
-0.46484375,
-0.3972167969,
-0.7841796875,
0.5556640625,
-0.1783447266,
-1.4345703125,
0.1564941406,
-0.2282714844,
0.2481689453,
0.6748046875,
-0.4528808594,
-0.08984375,
-0.5654296875,
0.33984375,
0.3217773438,
-0.2888183594,
-0.2056884766,
-0.1072998047,
-0.6801757812,
0.0687866211,
-1.1015625,
-0.517578125,
0.3862304688,
-1.6826171875,
-0.4401855469,
-0.100402832,
-0.498046875,
-0.6474609375,
-0.7919921875,
-0.974609375,
0.2958984375,
-1.1171875,
-0.5034179688,
0.1759033203,
0.9663085938,
1.029296875,
-0.0840454102,
-0.1909179688,
-0.4953613281,
0.8120117188,
-0.826171875,
-0.4448242188,
-0.0692749023,
-0.693359375,
-0.2749023438,
-0.3732910156,
0.4758300781,
0.3881835938,
0.6459960938,
-0.2507324219,
0.4030761719,
-0.8911132812,
0.1064453125,
-1.4912109375,
0.1181640625,
-0.1109619141,
0.1936035156,
-0.4191894531,
-0.9868164062,
0.3637695312,
0.2244873047,
0.3520507812,
0.7172851562,
1.1484375,
0.45703125,
0.2429199219,
-0.8803710938,
0.1431884766,
-0.1781005859,
-0.5048828125,
-0.3857421875,
0.9350585938,
0.5522460938,
-0.865234375,
0.8291015625,
0.0797119141,
-0.1234130859,
0.3747558594,
-0.2362060547,
-0.6123046875,
-0.3188476562,
-0.2661132812,
0.0650634766,
-0.4792480469,
-0.0410461426,
0.767578125,
-0.1481933594,
-0.5888671875,
0.1348876953,
-0.3559570312,
-0.5053710938,
1.416015625,
1.166015625,
0.8725585938,
0.7084960938,
-0.2565917969,
0.1134643555,
-0.0182189941,
0.6640625,
0.5859375,
1.1953125,
0.44140625,
-0.2208251953,
-0.6889648438,
1.080078125,
-1.4794921875,
-0.373046875,
0.6606445312,
0.9921875,
-0.7216796875,
-0.4338378906,
-0.1684570312,
-0.8388671875,
0.646484375,
0.525390625,
-0.744140625,
-0.2320556641,
0.7783203125,
-0.1359863281,
0.1917724609,
-0.0030269623,
0.2055664062,
-0.5810546875,
-1.2001953125,
-0.1427001953,
-0.7626953125,
-1.4091796875,
-0.2863769531,
0.423828125,
-0.2756347656,
-0.0123062134,
-0.734375,
-0.2553710938,
1.3271484375,
0.1654052734,
-0.2954101562,
-0.6538085938,
-0.3366699219,
0.7739257812,
-0.6767578125,
-0.0220947266,
0.5029296875,
0.3984375,
-0.7880859375,
-0.4799804688,
-0.6181640625,
-0.6958007812,
0.544921875,
0.0604858398,
0.5776367188,
0.6806640625,
-0.6455078125,
0.0797729492,
1.9833984375,
0.0177459717,
-0.1815185547,
0.2153320312,
-0.8706054688,
0.7885742188,
1.2392578125,
-0.0512390137,
0.3820800781,
0.3210449219,
0.7065429688,
0.2890625,
-0.4528808594,
-0.4162597656,
1.28515625,
-0.2330322266,
0.3940429688,
-0.1479492188,
0.2203369141,
-0.4318847656,
0.1893310547,
-2.251953125,
-0.5200195312,
-0.5112304688,
-0.1672363281,
0.2907714844,
1.693359375,
0.5161132812,
-0.4323730469,
0.5625,
-1.1376953125,
0.5361328125,
0.6645507812,
-1.39453125,
-0.28515625,
0.1346435547,
-0.1248779297,
-0.5595703125,
-0.1010131836,
1.22265625,
0.6630859375,
-0.0120620728,
-0.1391601562,
-0.3676757812,
-0.5366210938,
0.5712890625,
0.6611328125,
-0.0484313965,
0.833984375,
0.1118164062,
-0.9770507812,
0.2370605469,
0.1458740234,
0.6044921875,
0.4675292969,
-1.0087890625,
0.0606689453,
0.2426757812,
-0.2551269531,
-0.9262695312,
0.3530273438,
0.0947875977,
1.3125,
-0.2687988281,
0.3117675781,
-1.041015625,
0.0845336914,
1.0859375,
1.55078125,
-0.3151855469,
0.2122802734,
-0.2373046875,
1.265625,
-0.3488769531,
-0.7548828125,
1.28125,
-0.0860595703,
-0.3012695312,
-0.7412109375,
0.1638183594,
0.0571289062,
0.828125,
-0.626953125,
0.0154342651,
-0.6743164062,
-0.3269042969,
-0.318359375,
-0.0213165283,
-1.74609375,
0.3813476562,
-0.3508300781,
0.4975585938,
0.6030273438,
0.6879882812,
-0.3391113281,
0.0004479885,
-1.251953125,
-1.0126953125,
0.0602111816,
-0.1434326172,
-0.3107910156,
-0.0456542969,
1.775390625,
0.0065574646,
-0.1730957031,
0.177734375,
-0.6635742188,
0.0321044922,
-0.4462890625,
-0.5703125,
-0.3942871094,
-0.9140625,
-1.3876953125,
-1.171875,
-0.0911865234,
0.0810546875,
0.5952148438,
-0.0462036133,
-1.1005859375,
1.28125,
1.4423828125,
0.0659790039,
0.6000976562,
0.26171875,
-0.6147460938,
-0.3244628906,
-0.49609375,
1.3671875,
0.4262695312,
-0.3212890625,
0.177734375,
-0.1474609375,
-0.0794067383,
-0.1995849609,
0.7451171875,
-0.4194335938,
0.2314453125,
-0.1956787109,
0.3405761719,
-0.4228515625,
0.6752929688,
0.5625,
-0.0543823242,
-1.3828125,
-0.4079589844,
-0.607421875,
0.1307373047,
-0.4621582031,
0.9404296875,
1.935546875,
0.2297363281,
-0.2602539062,
-0.3488769531,
1.0673828125,
0.3952636719,
-0.3837890625,
-0.0262756348,
-0.6650390625,
-0.7934570312,
-0.9545898438,
0.5380859375,
0.4328613281,
0.6430664062,
0.2322998047,
0.4904785156,
-0.302734375,
0.6333007812,
0.1795654297,
-0.2868652344,
0.552734375,
0.2370605469,
1.1484375,
0.0726928711,
1.4091796875,
-0.1826171875,
-0.2042236328,
-0.5185546875,
-0.3676757812,
-0.020980835,
-0.9057617188,
0.1901855469,
0.5004882812,
-1.2705078125,
0.1823730469,
-0.8061523438,
0.552734375,
-0.098815918,
0.4116210938,
-0.1759033203,
1.2255859375,
-0.2425537109,
0.1165771484,
0.4001464844,
0.541015625,
0.1403808594,
0.9458007812,
0.29296875,
0.4313964844,
-0.0908203125,
-1.044921875,
0.2836914062,
0.0552978516,
-0.587890625,
-0.4262695312,
0.4091796875,
-0.3256835938,
-0.3696289062,
-0.3303222656,
-0.065612793,
0.2644042969,
0.4309082031,
0.1358642578,
1.2685546875,
0.8139648438,
0.3269042969,
0.658203125,
1.1611328125,
0.0025024414,
0.1362304688,
-0.0860595703,
0.0299835205,
0.73046875,
-0.19921875,
0.5268554688,
-0.0462036133,
0.4006347656,
0.81640625,
1.1875,
0.0590209961,
0.065246582,
-1.1083984375,
-0.65234375,
-0.4987792969,
0.9150390625,
-0.7670898438,
-0.4650878906,
0.3767089844,
1.49609375,
1.130859375,
-0.2998046875,
0.7075195312,
-0.6293945312,
-0.1961669922,
-0.6220703125,
0.0154418945,
0.5859375,
-0.1179199219,
0.0375976562,
0.7822265625,
-0.0132827759,
-0.9418945312,
-0.53515625,
-0.8505859375,
-0.1784667969,
0.0515441895,
-0.8754882812,
-0.2548828125,
-0.591796875,
-0.8090820312,
-0.2396240234,
-0.1953125,
-0.8408203125,
-0.2919921875,
0.7646484375,
0.2963867188,
-0.3269042969,
-0.2846679688,
-0.5961914062,
0.5620117188,
-1.03125,
0.2900390625,
0.5551757812,
0.8461914062,
-0.5444335938,
-0.2440185547,
-0.7158203125,
-0.6235351562,
0.5307617188,
-0.9189453125,
-0.1044311523,
-0.6977539062,
-0.9541015625,
-0.0972290039,
-0.1307373047,
0.1467285156,
1.1171875,
0.1147460938,
0.4489746094,
-0.0285797119,
-0.0060806274,
0.008934021,
-1.2607421875,
0.2902832031,
0.3041992188,
0.1604003906,
0.7973632812,
-0.1411132812,
-0.3442382812,
0.0248565674,
0.1232299805,
0.3081054688,
-0.5830078125,
0.2661132812,
0.4826660156,
0.2744140625,
0.0183258057,
-0.2770996094,
-0.1945800781,
0.1726074219,
-0.357421875,
-0.0432739258,
1.0185546875,
-0.9633789062,
0.373046875,
0.44921875,
-0.5673828125,
0.7797851562,
0.0946655273,
-0.0155944824,
-0.4428710938,
0.189453125,
0.2663574219,
0.1748046875,
-0.3571777344,
1.72265625,
0.0290985107,
-0.3171386719,
0.4475097656,
-0.3732910156,
-0.5263671875,
0.3698730469,
-0.400390625,
-1.009765625,
0.8881835938,
-0.1229248047,
-0.1706542969,
-0.62109375,
1.5390625,
1.044921875,
-1.177734375,
0.2919921875,
0.3786621094,
0.9663085938,
-0.8745117188,
-12.03125,
-2.3515625,
-0.0531616211,
1.1953125,
-0.7563476562,
0.7026367188,
0.8481445312,
-0.1566162109,
0.0814819336,
0.1196289062,
0.7880859375,
0.30859375,
0.4997558594,
0.0244293213,
0.693359375,
1.255859375,
-0.7583007812,
-0.505859375,
-0.5053710938,
-0.0861816406,
-0.2287597656,
0.4907226562,
-0.689453125,
0.546875,
-0.1368408203,
-0.4697265625,
1.0009765625,
0.0748901367,
-0.1215209961,
1.193359375,
-1.0546875,
0.2421875,
0.0883178711,
0.6318359375,
-0.5078125,
-0.4514160156,
-0.3063964844,
0.3488769531,
0.1795654297,
0.3237304688,
-1.6845703125,
0.0519104004,
-0.8061523438,
0.1101074219,
0.1784667969,
0.6508789062,
0.8515625,
-1.3203125,
-0.1076049805,
-0.814453125,
0.3056640625,
1.0859375,
0.0026187897,
-0.0134353638,
-1.6201171875,
0.4506835938,
-1.1025390625,
0.7353515625,
-0.3703613281,
0.4406738281,
0.5307617188,
0.2775878906,
0.7231445312,
0.0739135742,
0.2132568359,
-0.5400390625,
-0.888671875,
-0.2056884766,
0.7084960938,
-0.2897949219,
-0.6279296875,
-0.0079040527,
1.19921875,
0.505859375,
0.2313232422,
0.388671875,
0.0409545898,
-0.0105895996,
-0.5141601562,
0.0026435852,
0.0479431152,
-0.4599609375
] |
While selectionists could insist on interpreting Fresnel's diffraction integrals in terms of discrete, countable rays, they could not do the same with his theory of polarization. For a selectionist, the state of polarization of a beam concerned the distribution of orientations over the population of rays, and that distribution was presumed to be static. For Fresnel, the state of polarization of a beam concerned the variation of a displacement over time. That displacement might be constrained but was not static, and rays were geometric constructions, not countable objects. The conceptual gap between the wave theory and selectionism had become unbridgeable. The other difficulty posed by pure transverse waves, of course, was the apparent implication that the aether was an elastic solid, except that, unlike other elastic solids, it was incapable of transmitting longitudinal waves. The wave theory was cheap on assumptions, but its latest assumption was expensive on credulity. If that assumption was to be widely entertained, its explanatory power would need to be impressive. Partial reflection (1821)
In the second installment of "Calcul des teintes" (June 1821), Fresnel supposed, by analogy with sound waves, that the density of the aether in a refractive medium was inversely proportional to the square of the wave velocity, and therefore directly proportional to the square of the refractive index. | [
-0.1580810547,
-0.3305664062,
-0.2408447266,
-0.2902832031,
-0.1766357422,
-0.0076141357,
1.0791015625,
0.7421875,
0.763671875,
0.4367675781,
-0.7241210938,
-0.3107910156,
-0.2194824219,
-0.9189453125,
0.5517578125,
0.0459899902,
0.3098144531,
-0.2770996094,
0.279296875,
0.8823242188,
0.1892089844,
0.4370117188,
-0.4670410156,
-0.2697753906,
-1.3349609375,
-0.1329345703,
0.546875,
-0.4343261719,
-0.7626953125,
-0.7099609375,
-0.2563476562,
-0.1184692383,
-0.0244445801,
-0.2126464844,
-0.1051635742,
1.796875,
-0.6064453125,
-0.2534179688,
-0.0836791992,
0.2265625,
-0.3156738281,
-0.9731445312,
0.1174316406,
-0.279296875,
-0.1843261719,
-0.2205810547,
-0.4548339844,
0.0522766113,
-0.1155395508,
-0.1755371094,
0.4670410156,
-0.4953613281,
-0.1233520508,
-0.6337890625,
-0.0286102295,
-0.4899902344,
0.830078125,
-0.3654785156,
0.841796875,
0.2230224609,
-0.3000488281,
-0.0975341797,
-0.5185546875,
-0.970703125,
1.046875,
0.115234375,
-0.2445068359,
-0.4638671875,
-0.2939453125,
0.4968261719,
-0.8334960938,
0.0360412598,
-0.4116210938,
-0.4311523438,
0.1115722656,
0.1945800781,
-1.64453125,
0.3732910156,
0.5361328125,
0.9047851562,
-0.2263183594,
-0.388671875,
-0.1745605469,
-1.1572265625,
-0.9487304688,
-0.1428222656,
0.3708496094,
-0.5327148438,
-0.7124023438,
1.8359375,
0.0811767578,
-0.7783203125,
-0.8627929688,
0.6020507812,
0.3234863281,
-0.057434082,
-0.533203125,
-1.7255859375,
-1.0537109375,
-0.3586425781,
-0.1470947266,
-1.130859375,
0.6796875,
0.1353759766,
0.1865234375,
1.5830078125,
-0.9565429688,
-0.3137207031,
0.5390625,
0.3115234375,
-0.0516662598,
-0.4233398438,
0.5478515625,
0.1954345703,
-0.9775390625,
0.2819824219,
-0.9033203125,
0.3103027344,
-0.5903320312,
-0.4614257812,
-0.1022338867,
0.4274902344,
0.3576660156,
-0.8706054688,
0.0740966797,
0.1102294922,
0.2839355469,
-0.8637695312,
0.0807495117,
0.0698852539,
-0.3818359375,
0.05078125,
-0.2399902344,
0.6704101562,
-0.38671875,
-0.6518554688,
-0.4494628906,
0.4204101562,
0.2536621094,
0.0460205078,
-0.21875,
0.1022949219,
-0.8276367188,
-0.1260986328,
-0.3957519531,
-1.02734375,
0.4025878906,
0.2880859375,
0.1450195312,
0.26953125,
-1.4091796875,
-0.3041992188,
0.7651367188,
0.1369628906,
-0.5888671875,
0.3798828125,
0.5229492188,
0.0395812988,
-0.91015625,
-0.3901367188,
-0.4645996094,
0.0678100586,
-0.8701171875,
0.5747070312,
-0.0653686523,
0.0389404297,
-0.3664550781,
-1.03515625,
-0.5380859375,
0.58203125,
0.2941894531,
0.3112792969,
0.37109375,
0.2327880859,
-0.505859375,
-0.9560546875,
0.8676757812,
-0.0280456543,
0.509765625,
0.8872070312,
0.6723632812,
-0.888671875,
-0.3000488281,
-0.8056640625,
-0.501953125,
-0.0235443115,
0.4152832031,
0.4780273438,
0.373046875,
-0.4877929688,
-0.70703125,
1.7626953125,
0.0178833008,
-0.3920898438,
-0.2360839844,
0.1801757812,
-1.3798828125,
-0.4821777344,
1.1875,
0.0874023438,
0.3784179688,
1.2548828125,
0.9282226562,
0.5561523438,
0.3044433594,
0.1430664062,
0.3698730469,
-0.1600341797,
0.4030761719,
0.4777832031,
0.2517089844,
1.0185546875,
-0.014289856,
0.4375,
-0.2834472656,
-0.2944335938,
0.6137695312,
0.1323242188,
0.8232421875,
-0.8413085938,
0.0648803711,
0.3806152344,
-1.291015625,
0.4377441406,
-0.7734375,
-0.1430664062,
-0.5654296875,
1.24609375,
0.685546875,
-0.125,
0.0450744629,
0.1217041016,
-0.7143554688,
0.4912109375,
0.63671875,
-0.53515625,
0.2322998047,
-0.8657226562,
-0.3703613281,
-0.53125,
-0.2727050781,
-0.2873535156,
-0.0598144531,
-0.4794921875,
-0.890625,
-0.5581054688,
0.7045898438,
0.4245605469,
0.1785888672,
0.7573242188,
0.0639038086,
0.6787109375,
-0.46484375,
-0.0956420898,
-0.58203125,
0.8681640625,
0.0687866211,
0.1602783203,
-0.0361938477,
0.7998046875,
-0.7592773438,
0.9067382812,
1.361328125,
-0.9033203125,
0.6801757812,
-0.1695556641,
0.2622070312,
-0.2034912109,
0.1207885742,
-0.1409912109,
-0.0390625,
-0.4748535156,
-0.0494689941,
-1.1611328125,
0.3654785156,
0.701171875,
-0.7294921875,
-1.099609375,
-0.4052734375,
-0.6904296875,
0.4018554688,
-0.2573242188,
-0.1685791016,
-0.8823242188,
0.9799804688,
-0.1547851562,
-0.0260162354,
-0.3041992188,
-0.1372070312,
1.572265625,
0.2927246094,
-0.0712280273,
-0.900390625,
0.3923339844,
0.1475830078,
0.0932617188,
-0.3994140625,
0.2156982422,
-0.59375,
-0.294921875,
1.306640625,
0.3078613281,
-0.7084960938,
-0.1459960938,
0.5859375,
-0.201171875,
0.0767211914,
0.8901367188,
-0.6708984375,
-0.056854248,
0.5893554688,
0.408203125,
0.0361022949,
-0.5361328125,
0.1420898438,
0.6245117188,
-0.576171875,
0.0332641602,
0.1928710938,
-0.919921875,
-0.3869628906,
-0.3217773438,
-0.4399414062,
-0.822265625,
0.0256500244,
0.4455566406,
-0.1726074219,
-0.6752929688,
0.1717529297,
-0.2595214844,
1.0595703125,
-0.8466796875,
0.49609375,
0.2563476562,
0.1743164062,
0.4155273438,
0.1586914062,
-0.0012254715,
-0.5009765625,
-0.5737304688,
-0.0174407959,
-0.607421875,
-1.3369140625,
0.447265625,
0.0073509216,
0.4436035156,
-2.25,
-0.1096191406,
1.2236328125,
-0.4753417969,
-0.6596679688,
0.4956054688,
-0.5278320312,
-0.3103027344,
-0.4645996094,
0.5883789062,
-0.1469726562,
-0.1395263672,
0.5659179688,
-0.0321350098,
-0.486328125,
-0.521484375,
-0.9736328125,
-0.3002929688,
-0.2244873047,
-0.4572753906,
0.0394287109,
0.7524414062,
0.6552734375,
0.5864257812,
-0.0856323242,
0.2210693359,
-0.8330078125,
0.3354492188,
-0.4343261719,
-0.7822265625,
-0.6557617188,
-0.5400390625,
-0.5444335938,
0.1275634766,
-0.388671875,
-0.681640625,
-1.162109375,
-0.5288085938,
1.1103515625,
-0.2807617188,
0.4633789062,
0.0872192383,
-0.4987792969,
-0.4780273438,
0.822265625,
0.78515625,
-0.7202148438,
0.0695800781,
-0.0841674805,
0.5888671875,
0.4965820312,
-1.453125,
-0.6767578125,
0.3942871094,
0.9477539062,
-1.8994140625,
-0.0131835938,
0.8725585938,
-0.6455078125,
-0.2026367188,
1.943359375,
-0.2449951172,
0.2980957031,
-0.1452636719,
-0.1557617188,
0.2561035156,
0.2836914062,
0.6938476562,
-0.9443359375,
-0.2788085938,
-0.3159179688,
0.2512207031,
-0.0892333984,
0.2493896484,
-0.5942382812,
-0.5302734375,
-0.2142333984,
-0.2678222656,
0.0631713867,
0.4389648438,
0.0244598389,
-0.2213134766,
0.3334960938,
-0.69921875,
-0.4438476562,
0.0618896484,
-0.4672851562,
0.4377441406,
0.8559570312,
-0.6059570312,
0.5751953125,
0.0928955078,
0.4714355469,
-0.3974609375,
-0.2449951172,
1.458984375,
-0.0175628662,
0.7358398438,
0.7841796875,
-0.1608886719,
-0.6005859375,
-0.5502929688,
0.3793945312,
-0.6333007812,
-0.5087890625,
0.9243164062,
0.5634765625,
0.81640625,
0.775390625,
-0.5717773438,
0.0375366211,
-0.1205444336,
-0.7211914062,
0.1882324219,
0.0471191406,
-0.6484375,
-0.0607910156,
0.27734375,
0.3215332031,
-0.7709960938,
-0.2712402344,
1.0498046875,
-0.7138671875,
-0.6518554688,
-0.0028533936,
-0.2432861328,
-1.4365234375,
-0.50390625,
-0.9428710938,
-0.2985839844,
-0.1311035156,
0.2478027344,
0.4458007812,
-0.1866455078,
1.1806640625,
0.59375,
-0.2258300781,
-0.3137207031,
0.9243164062,
-0.53515625,
-0.1687011719,
0.1872558594,
-1.595703125,
0.005695343,
-0.3994140625,
0.4936523438,
0.4106445312,
0.4426269531,
-0.2583007812,
-0.3110351562,
-1.1474609375,
0.2541503906,
-1.5283203125,
0.1850585938,
-0.9663085938,
-0.3337402344,
-0.19140625,
-0.6958007812,
0.4016113281,
0.8623046875,
-0.1300048828,
0.2697753906,
1.1796875,
0.548828125,
-0.7680664062,
-0.3754882812,
0.1726074219,
-0.3039550781,
0.2236328125,
-0.154296875,
0.1467285156,
0.3930664062,
-0.115234375,
0.1973876953,
-0.4970703125,
-0.5146484375,
0.1733398438,
-0.72265625,
-0.4682617188,
0.8393554688,
-0.0798950195,
-0.3972167969,
-0.5551757812,
-0.2951660156,
0.8618164062,
0.4331054688,
-0.0161743164,
-0.7368164062,
-0.2094726562,
0.1256103516,
0.2161865234,
1.466796875,
-0.0395202637,
0.330078125,
-0.0897827148,
0.2399902344,
0.1513671875,
0.6079101562,
-0.4360351562,
2.501953125,
0.8291015625,
-0.2514648438,
-0.54296875,
0.2322998047,
-0.9873046875,
-0.0570373535,
1.46875,
0.3984375,
-1.0322265625,
-0.6157226562,
-0.2185058594,
-0.5947265625,
0.9951171875,
0.1831054688,
-0.6713867188,
0.1818847656,
0.3627929688,
-0.3664550781,
0.3305664062,
-0.4077148438,
0.1418457031,
-0.6005859375,
-0.6787109375,
0.2956542969,
-0.1857910156,
-0.4182128906,
-0.2795410156,
0.7924804688,
-0.7080078125,
-0.5322265625,
-0.2493896484,
-0.4382324219,
0.5151367188,
-0.3747558594,
-0.4782714844,
0.1019287109,
0.1051025391,
0.4084472656,
-0.2971191406,
0.1209716797,
0.7026367188,
-0.6899414062,
0.2244873047,
-0.9409179688,
-0.0260925293,
0.1162109375,
0.7626953125,
0.1228637695,
1.1171875,
-0.0903320312,
-1.2548828125,
-0.1055908203,
1.2568359375,
0.0218048096,
-0.4548339844,
1.03515625,
-0.2213134766,
0.4067382812,
0.69921875,
-0.2868652344,
0.0913696289,
-0.7329101562,
0.5625,
0.0362854004,
-0.509765625,
-0.034942627,
0.9340820312,
-0.0180969238,
0.5107421875,
0.0044136047,
-0.5405273438,
-0.1616210938,
-0.3273925781,
-1.3486328125,
-0.0319824219,
0.2257080078,
0.2902832031,
-0.2729492188,
0.5141601562,
0.04296875,
-0.0752563477,
0.0983886719,
-0.5244140625,
0.2114257812,
0.2335205078,
-0.82421875,
0.4702148438,
0.5952148438,
-0.4250488281,
0.4580078125,
0.0006313324,
1.0205078125,
0.1453857422,
0.7666015625,
0.29296875,
0.1424560547,
-1.126953125,
-0.1671142578,
1.3037109375,
0.3862304688,
0.4228515625,
-0.2160644531,
-0.7109375,
0.77734375,
-0.2312011719,
0.5327148438,
0.4672851562,
-0.7719726562,
-0.5966796875,
-0.1329345703,
0.1358642578,
-0.4401855469,
1.4384765625,
0.3908691406,
0.0811767578,
0.2036132812,
0.6127929688,
-0.5073242188,
-0.4360351562,
0.61328125,
0.5537109375,
0.0198974609,
-1.0166015625,
-0.66796875,
0.7998046875,
-0.6967773438,
-0.7084960938,
1.375,
0.1391601562,
-0.0615234375,
0.0419006348,
-0.5678710938,
-0.6215820312,
1.1953125,
-0.1448974609,
-0.1439208984,
-0.923828125,
-0.1453857422,
-0.4025878906,
-0.0841064453,
-0.6870117188,
0.2585449219,
-1.1279296875,
-0.1561279297,
0.0640258789,
0.7758789062,
-1.662109375,
-0.1976318359,
-0.7822265625,
-0.9262695312,
-0.4245605469,
0.6665039062,
-0.1770019531,
-0.1071166992,
1.3671875,
0.1636962891,
-0.6186523438,
0.6694335938,
-1.0498046875,
-0.5078125,
0.6245117188,
-0.4157714844,
0.6323242188,
-1.03125,
-0.4887695312,
-0.90234375,
0.5190429688,
0.7119140625,
0.416015625,
-0.388671875,
-0.1492919922,
0.9741210938,
1.12109375,
-0.0763549805,
0.1960449219,
0.2296142578,
-0.2200927734,
-0.1461181641,
-0.5415039062,
1.1865234375,
0.5205078125,
0.1801757812,
-0.1732177734,
-0.6635742188,
-0.3981933594,
-0.6635742188,
0.5317382812,
-0.95703125,
0.2449951172,
-0.0721435547,
1.2314453125,
-0.2473144531,
0.3298339844,
0.9291992188,
-0.0620422363,
-0.7788085938,
0.0467529297,
0.0216522217,
0.2318115234,
-0.2702636719,
0.7866210938,
0.7626953125,
-0.1351318359,
1.0419921875,
-0.533203125,
0.1926269531,
0.5541992188,
-1.0029296875,
0.5302734375,
-0.3959960938,
-0.5400390625,
-0.5981445312,
0.8681640625,
0.2487792969,
0.3071289062,
-0.3649902344,
-0.09765625,
-0.6430664062,
0.845703125,
-0.48046875,
0.0975341797,
1.0166015625,
-0.0805053711,
1.6123046875,
-0.4125976562,
1.58203125,
-0.0813598633,
-0.2058105469,
0.2044677734,
-0.0864868164,
-0.0642089844,
-0.447265625,
0.9267578125,
0.2387695312,
-0.08984375,
-0.041229248,
-0.0302124023,
-0.1546630859,
-0.5112304688,
-0.1811523438,
-0.1541748047,
0.8471679688,
-0.1860351562,
-0.5356445312,
0.62890625,
0.2731933594,
0.4233398438,
1.076171875,
-0.0583190918,
-0.2587890625,
-0.53125,
-0.6079101562,
-0.1650390625,
0.521484375,
0.8740234375,
-0.94140625,
-0.6381835938,
0.0362243652,
-1.16796875,
-0.1034545898,
0.3125,
0.49609375,
0.5229492188,
0.5849609375,
1.3818359375,
0.015411377,
0.4982910156,
0.4763183594,
1.724609375,
0.0483703613,
0.5668945312,
0.0853271484,
0.42578125,
0.2485351562,
-0.1513671875,
0.56640625,
0.1104125977,
-0.4084472656,
1.38671875,
0.46484375,
-0.1872558594,
-0.2390136719,
-1.4912109375,
-0.6640625,
-0.1628417969,
0.486328125,
0.0374755859,
-0.8662109375,
0.3562011719,
1.8125,
-0.0242767334,
-0.49609375,
0.0403747559,
-0.0638427734,
0.3659667969,
-0.2541503906,
0.5834960938,
0.2220458984,
-0.6723632812,
-0.2590332031,
0.8115234375,
-0.2595214844,
0.075012207,
0.0714111328,
-0.3881835938,
-0.1329345703,
-0.54296875,
0.2841796875,
-0.1544189453,
-0.4230957031,
-0.2915039062,
0.3193359375,
-0.0335388184,
0.2216796875,
0.0230255127,
0.4152832031,
-0.580078125,
-0.0778198242,
-0.5395507812,
-0.9140625,
-0.0912475586,
-0.5102539062,
0.4436035156,
0.8881835938,
0.7607421875,
-0.2091064453,
-0.1331787109,
-0.3044433594,
-0.1379394531,
-0.2592773438,
-0.4831542969,
-0.4926757812,
-0.83984375,
-0.052154541,
0.1500244141,
-0.030670166,
-0.5073242188,
1.384765625,
-0.2308349609,
0.4379882812,
-0.0021286011,
-0.0567016602,
-0.0069580078,
-1.064453125,
0.1200561523,
0.3918457031,
0.70703125,
0.1898193359,
-0.33203125,
0.5517578125,
-0.3217773438,
0.0996704102,
0.2893066406,
-0.8774414062,
0.3168945312,
-0.1121826172,
-0.5942382812,
0.1446533203,
-0.47265625,
-0.0640869141,
-0.1071777344,
-1.2021484375,
0.0684204102,
0.3454589844,
-0.4829101562,
0.1859130859,
-0.759765625,
-0.5317382812,
0.9970703125,
0.2059326172,
0.0273590088,
0.0983276367,
-0.1910400391,
-0.783203125,
0.4150390625,
-0.4428710938,
0.4616699219,
-0.109375,
-0.5234375,
0.0956420898,
-0.9829101562,
-0.2340087891,
0.1135864258,
-0.2287597656,
-0.016204834,
1.330078125,
-0.3327636719,
-0.1883544922,
0.0759277344,
1.3369140625,
1.1162109375,
-0.7739257812,
0.1130371094,
-0.6787109375,
0.4777832031,
-0.4465332031,
-13.4609375,
-2.328125,
-0.65625,
0.016204834,
-0.6103515625,
0.9521484375,
0.1213378906,
-0.9809570312,
-0.2202148438,
-0.2702636719,
0.4533691406,
1.5703125,
-0.0624694824,
-0.615234375,
0.5703125,
-0.0798339844,
-0.2663574219,
-0.6538085938,
-1.1689453125,
0.5141601562,
0.0220184326,
1.7109375,
-1.3720703125,
1.013671875,
-1.533203125,
-0.6396484375,
1.294921875,
-0.2269287109,
0.4914550781,
0.6606445312,
-0.3107910156,
-0.0921020508,
-0.4118652344,
1.216796875,
-0.4553222656,
-0.5766601562,
0.0155792236,
0.2177734375,
0.7905273438,
0.2452392578,
-0.6640625,
0.4812011719,
-1.3037109375,
-0.1155395508,
0.2529296875,
0.857421875,
-0.0333251953,
-0.9111328125,
0.2854003906,
-0.6313476562,
0.5634765625,
0.7041015625,
-0.0958862305,
-0.4738769531,
-1.353515625,
-0.4487304688,
-1.2568359375,
0.8012695312,
-0.2788085938,
0.3610839844,
-0.3625488281,
0.9287109375,
1.3095703125,
0.2841796875,
-0.2049560547,
-0.9609375,
-0.7846679688,
-0.2651367188,
0.2548828125,
-0.421875,
-0.6245117188,
0.1733398438,
1.4833984375,
0.9296875,
-0.4655761719,
0.6640625,
0.3759765625,
-0.9331054688,
-0.7456054688,
0.050201416,
0.2493896484,
-0.2039794922
] |
For reflection and refraction at the surface between two isotropic media of different indices, Fresnel decomposed the transverse vibrations into two perpendicular components, now known as the s and p components, which are parallel to the surface and the plane of incidence, respectively; in other words, the s and p components are respectively square and parallel to the plane of incidence. For the s component, Fresnel supposed that the interaction between the two media was analogous to an elastic collision, and obtained a formula for what we now call the reflectivity: the ratio of the reflected intensity to the incident intensity. The predicted reflectivity was non-zero at all angles. The third installment (July 1821) was a short "postscript" in which Fresnel announced that he had found, by a "mechanical solution", a formula for the reflectivity of the p component, which predicted that the reflectivity was zero at the Brewster angle. So polarization by reflection had been accounted for – but with the proviso that the direction of vibration in Fresnel's model was perpendicular to the plane of polarization as defined by Malus. (On the ensuing controversy, see Plane of polarization.) The technology of the time did not allow the s and p reflectivities to be measured accurately enough to test Fresnel's formulae at arbitrary angles of incidence. But the formulae could be rewritten in terms of what we now call the reflection coefficient: the signed ratio of the reflected amplitude to the incident amplitude. | [
0.0511474609,
-0.1035766602,
-0.4611816406,
-0.1094970703,
-0.1759033203,
0.0866699219,
-0.058380127,
0.478515625,
0.7158203125,
0.63671875,
-0.1774902344,
-0.6171875,
-0.3591308594,
-0.373046875,
0.69140625,
0.0060653687,
0.3146972656,
-0.2456054688,
-0.2387695312,
-0.079284668,
-0.2292480469,
0.3483886719,
-1.2119140625,
-0.0662231445,
-1.7119140625,
-0.1600341797,
0.865234375,
-0.267578125,
-0.3232421875,
-0.5776367188,
-0.1481933594,
0.0469360352,
-0.2314453125,
0.3444824219,
-0.2854003906,
0.8764648438,
-1,
0.8569335938,
-0.4250488281,
-0.3383789062,
-0.2120361328,
-0.7954101562,
0.3269042969,
-0.1130981445,
0.5151367188,
0.3435058594,
0.2829589844,
-0.116027832,
-0.2253417969,
0.0586853027,
0.3400878906,
-0.6884765625,
0.3991699219,
-0.3557128906,
0.2060546875,
-1.693359375,
0.5346679688,
-0.4140625,
0.345703125,
0.1578369141,
-0.5034179688,
0.2238769531,
-0.2976074219,
-0.787109375,
0.8422851562,
-0.1528320312,
-0.4650878906,
0.37109375,
-0.3178710938,
0.1228027344,
-0.7006835938,
0.0259094238,
0.1126708984,
-0.5756835938,
0.2238769531,
-0.2222900391,
-1.142578125,
0.3764648438,
0.4353027344,
0.80859375,
-0.5229492188,
-0.7895507812,
-0.1939697266,
-1.3046875,
-0.69921875,
-0.8237304688,
0.3664550781,
-1.0283203125,
-1.01171875,
1.130859375,
0.4938964844,
0.0393981934,
-0.6118164062,
-0.0342407227,
0.0711669922,
-0.1383056641,
-0.5795898438,
-1.2294921875,
-0.5288085938,
0.15625,
0.3146972656,
-0.2868652344,
0.0067710876,
0.5170898438,
-0.5771484375,
1.619140625,
-1.0107421875,
-0.4387207031,
0.4702148438,
0.9047851562,
-0.2551269531,
0.2678222656,
0.9736328125,
0.2252197266,
-0.5532226562,
0.78125,
-0.4262695312,
-0.0640258789,
-1.10546875,
-0.0667724609,
0.2008056641,
-0.3229980469,
0.2227783203,
-0.2893066406,
-0.1716308594,
0.2766113281,
-0.294921875,
-1.49609375,
0.0550537109,
-0.2102050781,
0.5610351562,
-0.1284179688,
-0.2337646484,
0.2973632812,
0.3933105469,
-0.908203125,
-0.8325195312,
-0.3798828125,
0.1030273438,
0.4711914062,
-0.2296142578,
-0.1807861328,
-0.0010347366,
-0.8149414062,
-0.0176849365,
-0.1510009766,
-0.3193359375,
-0.2165527344,
-0.3471679688,
0.5751953125,
-1.267578125,
-0.7465820312,
0.6801757812,
0.3986816406,
-0.0711669922,
0.4946289062,
-0.2436523438,
0.0129394531,
-0.4074707031,
-0.9912109375,
-0.6318359375,
0.1634521484,
-0.5703125,
0.4260253906,
0.2841796875,
-0.1987304688,
-0.1291503906,
-0.5112304688,
-0.2531738281,
0.623046875,
-0.4086914062,
0.4848632812,
0.4365234375,
0.3601074219,
-0.2353515625,
-0.7836914062,
0.4150390625,
0.7885742188,
0.3198242188,
1.1689453125,
0.8735351562,
-0.4011230469,
-0.1140136719,
-1.0341796875,
0.328125,
-0.6240234375,
-0.0228424072,
0.5981445312,
0.517578125,
-1.1142578125,
-0.2169189453,
0.5126953125,
0.0491027832,
0.0099182129,
-0.7216796875,
0.3269042969,
-1.431640625,
-0.6430664062,
0.8491210938,
0.0889282227,
-0.0659790039,
1.1318359375,
0.8081054688,
0.1739501953,
0.3464355469,
-0.7612304688,
0.0958862305,
0.1330566406,
0.4560546875,
0.2827148438,
-0.3845214844,
0.7133789062,
0.4406738281,
0.3940429688,
0.1073608398,
-0.0651855469,
0.4279785156,
-0.8374023438,
0.5625,
-0.8715820312,
0.0288085938,
-0.069519043,
-1.634765625,
0.031036377,
-1.9931640625,
-0.3291015625,
-0.3315429688,
0.6748046875,
0.5913085938,
0.040435791,
0.4936523438,
0.3168945312,
-1.2900390625,
0.0422973633,
0.6303710938,
-0.0326538086,
-0.0610351562,
-0.9663085938,
-0.2583007812,
-0.8911132812,
-0.2707519531,
-0.2998046875,
-0.0358886719,
-0.9404296875,
0.1099853516,
-0.6376953125,
-0.0946044922,
0.4387207031,
0.32421875,
0.455078125,
0.7348632812,
0.2746582031,
-0.2062988281,
0.3708496094,
-0.0484619141,
1.0810546875,
0.1203613281,
0.0182342529,
-0.1127319336,
0.4924316406,
-0.3032226562,
0.4052734375,
1.23828125,
0.1192626953,
0.1912841797,
-0.3588867188,
0.7436523438,
0.9985351562,
0.2580566406,
0.3198242188,
0.9931640625,
-0.1700439453,
-1.3701171875,
-0.4497070312,
-0.4790039062,
0.0624389648,
-1.021484375,
-1.0888671875,
0.3251953125,
-0.5791015625,
0.0556335449,
-0.9643554688,
-0.9482421875,
-0.6801757812,
0.7856445312,
0.2465820312,
0.9072265625,
-0.6928710938,
-0.3239746094,
0.75390625,
0.0934448242,
-0.0432128906,
-1.1484375,
-0.6044921875,
-0.6450195312,
-0.4826660156,
0.4067382812,
0.6455078125,
-0.0743408203,
-0.8583984375,
0.609375,
1.4384765625,
-0.1185913086,
-0.0853881836,
0.4636230469,
0.7626953125,
-0.0289306641,
-0.3728027344,
-0.3598632812,
0.0378723145,
0.0887451172,
-0.2849121094,
0.3225097656,
-0.4763183594,
-0.4526367188,
0.0113601685,
-0.3537597656,
-0.009552002,
0.0780639648,
-1.1142578125,
0.1783447266,
-0.1089477539,
-0.3439941406,
-0.7338867188,
0.0692138672,
0.4367675781,
-0.4975585938,
-0.8120117188,
-0.0639648438,
0.5029296875,
0.8383789062,
-0.0845336914,
-0.0133895874,
1.435546875,
-0.3422851562,
0.2937011719,
0.0505981445,
-0.1477050781,
0.3493652344,
-0.4599609375,
-0.4694824219,
-1.330078125,
-1.015625,
-0.5620117188,
0.4370117188,
0.5688476562,
-1.3671875,
-0.8032226562,
0.5717773438,
-0.2624511719,
-0.056060791,
0.1700439453,
-0.3303222656,
-0.611328125,
-0.2177734375,
-0.1772460938,
-0.6313476562,
-0.1345214844,
-0.2612304688,
0.111328125,
-0.3010253906,
0.1181030273,
-0.392578125,
-0.2105712891,
0.0130996704,
-1.111328125,
0.4365234375,
0.2255859375,
1.0732421875,
0.5317382812,
-0.4633789062,
-0.0015821457,
-1.0048828125,
0.1361083984,
-0.7041015625,
-0.6767578125,
-0.94140625,
-0.7094726562,
-0.681640625,
-0.1209716797,
-0.1063842773,
-0.6259765625,
-0.8159179688,
-0.2302246094,
0.7661132812,
-0.1856689453,
-0.1391601562,
0.3527832031,
-0.9028320312,
-0.1767578125,
0.6499023438,
0.607421875,
-0.2976074219,
0.4660644531,
-0.49609375,
0.0849609375,
-0.8100585938,
-1.6025390625,
-0.1917724609,
-0.0849609375,
0.5537109375,
-0.6044921875,
-0.0726318359,
-0.0544433594,
-0.625,
0.2573242188,
2.5390625,
-0.7275390625,
0.8149414062,
-0.4577636719,
-0.4055175781,
0.0766601562,
0.5434570312,
0.2741699219,
-0.8544921875,
0.2211914062,
0.2303466797,
0.408203125,
-0.626953125,
-0.0677490234,
0.0992431641,
0.4948730469,
0.36328125,
-0.3095703125,
0.560546875,
-0.0526428223,
-0.6811523438,
-0.1561279297,
0.6723632812,
-0.8515625,
0.2624511719,
-0.4619140625,
0.6245117188,
0.2548828125,
0.8334960938,
-0.6049804688,
0.671875,
0.2951660156,
0.5732421875,
0.0700073242,
0.0270080566,
1.49609375,
-0.2751464844,
0.3989257812,
1.044921875,
0.5458984375,
-0.3068847656,
-0.1403808594,
0.630859375,
0.2327880859,
-0.6098632812,
0.3498535156,
-0.0940551758,
0.73828125,
1.4384765625,
-1.09375,
-0.1945800781,
0.0001331568,
-0.3493652344,
-0.2189941406,
-0.2147216797,
0.0389099121,
-0.027633667,
0.0899658203,
0.4523925781,
-1.5810546875,
0.2321777344,
0.5795898438,
-0.8022460938,
-0.138671875,
-0.802734375,
-0.31640625,
-1.3056640625,
-0.6274414062,
-0.7373046875,
-0.0494689941,
-0.5380859375,
0.251953125,
0.0883178711,
0.4228515625,
0.8203125,
0.0296936035,
-0.59375,
-0.0137405396,
-0.0540771484,
-0.9399414062,
-0.4663085938,
-0.2133789062,
-0.73828125,
-0.5151367188,
0.171875,
0.124206543,
0.5712890625,
0.4758300781,
-0.091796875,
0.4997558594,
-0.712890625,
-0.6279296875,
-1.0791015625,
0.2770996094,
0.2136230469,
0.4497070312,
-0.1511230469,
-0.5307617188,
0.0045700073,
0.880859375,
-0.5698242188,
0.4814453125,
1.0185546875,
0.4418945312,
-0.7314453125,
-0.3469238281,
0.2410888672,
-0.4013671875,
-0.1761474609,
0.603515625,
-0.005153656,
0.4382324219,
-0.4372558594,
0.71875,
-0.2301025391,
-0.5981445312,
0.042755127,
-0.2780761719,
-0.974609375,
0.3168945312,
-0.4692382812,
0.0492858887,
-0.1746826172,
-0.1109619141,
0.9116210938,
0.0093460083,
0.1345214844,
-0.1684570312,
-0.9604492188,
-0.0206451416,
0.1307373047,
1.6591796875,
0.3854980469,
0.3029785156,
-0.30859375,
0.4206542969,
-0.2802734375,
0.0213775635,
0.4084472656,
1.84765625,
0.7846679688,
0.6528320312,
-0.9853515625,
0.1467285156,
-0.8696289062,
-0.7607421875,
0.2174072266,
-0.1873779297,
-0.4782714844,
-0.0675048828,
-0.8061523438,
-0.0072975159,
0.7495117188,
0.2746582031,
-0.76171875,
0.19140625,
0.39453125,
-0.0112762451,
0.1372070312,
-0.5756835938,
0.4370117188,
-0.1685791016,
-0.6948242188,
-0.5932617188,
-0.1953125,
-0.2307128906,
0.5966796875,
-0.0466918945,
-0.5258789062,
0.3251953125,
0.0553588867,
-0.3234863281,
0.1138916016,
-0.0889892578,
-0.2055664062,
-0.2291259766,
0.3662109375,
0.3505859375,
0.603515625,
0.2493896484,
0.0218505859,
-0.650390625,
-0.4206542969,
-0.3596191406,
-0.0226287842,
-0.2978515625,
0.5771484375,
0.2819824219,
0.5966796875,
-0.0491333008,
-0.5283203125,
0.5356445312,
1.4921875,
-0.0734863281,
0.1893310547,
0.5239257812,
-1.0380859375,
0.513671875,
0.8779296875,
-0.2077636719,
0.0229187012,
0.010597229,
0.6948242188,
0.4934082031,
-0.0745849609,
-0.3100585938,
1.2529296875,
0.3618164062,
0.4555664062,
0.962890625,
-0.83203125,
-0.7919921875,
-0.4655761719,
-1.3818359375,
-0.1057739258,
-1.09765625,
0.1189575195,
0.302734375,
1.05859375,
0.030670166,
-0.3425292969,
0.4704589844,
0.0252838135,
0.8525390625,
-0.2722167969,
-1.0400390625,
0.4611816406,
0.2868652344,
-0.3823242188,
-0.0904541016,
0.0192108154,
1.177734375,
0.3657226562,
0.7895507812,
0.57421875,
-0.5322265625,
-0.5083007812,
-0.2951660156,
0.640625,
0.4157714844,
0.6630859375,
0.552734375,
-1.3642578125,
0.2064208984,
-0.1693115234,
0.1716308594,
-0.1165161133,
-0.3059082031,
-1.1904296875,
-0.1291503906,
0.3071289062,
-0.2687988281,
0.7319335938,
0.1639404297,
0.5922851562,
0.0648803711,
0.0858764648,
-0.5805664062,
0.1463623047,
0.9643554688,
0.98046875,
0.1571044922,
-0.9125976562,
-0.9233398438,
0.8256835938,
-0.4301757812,
0.1358642578,
0.5986328125,
-0.040435791,
0.0125350952,
-0.7841796875,
0.0171203613,
-0.7216796875,
0.990234375,
-0.4753417969,
0.4428710938,
-0.689453125,
-0.0991821289,
-0.3830566406,
0.1638183594,
-1.40625,
0.3395996094,
-0.6279296875,
0.5703125,
-0.0601501465,
0.5551757812,
-1.423828125,
-0.3522949219,
-1.2744140625,
-1.375,
0.435546875,
0.3461914062,
-0.4360351562,
0.1203613281,
0.7275390625,
-0.1921386719,
-0.8295898438,
0.548828125,
-0.8002929688,
0.0049743652,
0.4931640625,
-0.431640625,
0.5405273438,
-1.0361328125,
-1.0390625,
-0.7470703125,
0.2333984375,
0.5595703125,
1.0205078125,
-0.4931640625,
-0.3767089844,
1.2587890625,
1.2490234375,
0.0911254883,
0.3132324219,
0.580078125,
-0.0615234375,
0.0417785645,
-0.4489746094,
1.8876953125,
-0.1734619141,
0.0453796387,
0.5610351562,
-0.6259765625,
-0.0866699219,
-0.4135742188,
0.2084960938,
-0.108215332,
-0.2893066406,
-0.1439208984,
0.6328125,
-0.3940429688,
0.2670898438,
0.7529296875,
0.0136108398,
-0.8833007812,
-0.1672363281,
-0.2600097656,
0.1721191406,
0.2077636719,
1.09375,
0.6372070312,
0.0553894043,
0.8139648438,
-0.6625976562,
-0.3640136719,
0.748046875,
-1.15625,
-0.0654296875,
-0.791015625,
-0.3657226562,
-0.587890625,
0.669921875,
-0.0698242188,
-0.4262695312,
-0.2399902344,
-0.2727050781,
0.0751342773,
0.0793457031,
0.1282958984,
-0.1590576172,
0.6982421875,
-0.271484375,
1.689453125,
-0.1383056641,
0.5522460938,
-0.3100585938,
0.1517333984,
0.2014160156,
0.2255859375,
0.4382324219,
-0.4868164062,
0.5439453125,
-0.3771972656,
-1.09375,
-0.2844238281,
-0.4814453125,
-0.369140625,
-0.3928222656,
0.0662231445,
-0.033203125,
1.1318359375,
-0.1645507812,
-0.75390625,
0.0654296875,
0.4582519531,
1.0185546875,
1.4560546875,
0.3891601562,
0.203125,
-0.6010742188,
-0.5986328125,
-0.4826660156,
-0.1067504883,
1.025390625,
-0.4819335938,
-0.1083374023,
0.4084472656,
-1.947265625,
-0.9155273438,
0.634765625,
0.3137207031,
0.5048828125,
0.7124023438,
0.1571044922,
0.6274414062,
0.3181152344,
-0.1458740234,
0.8154296875,
0.1903076172,
0.6577148438,
0.4599609375,
0.3381347656,
0.3845214844,
0.1107788086,
0.1962890625,
0.0676879883,
0.3588867188,
1.775390625,
-0.3806152344,
0.3513183594,
0.3967285156,
-0.9287109375,
-0.4560546875,
0.5986328125,
0.5634765625,
0.098815918,
-0.5659179688,
0.5717773438,
1.638671875,
0.5083007812,
-0.087890625,
0.0514221191,
-0.1113891602,
-0.0182037354,
-0.291015625,
0.0440979004,
0.7895507812,
-0.646484375,
-0.36328125,
0.6528320312,
0.1043701172,
-0.2561035156,
-0.0223999023,
0.3642578125,
0.0372009277,
0.53125,
-0.5,
0.1047363281,
-0.3962402344,
0.2922363281,
-0.0224914551,
0.2398681641,
0.0968017578,
0.5249023438,
0.0934448242,
0.224609375,
-0.1710205078,
-0.3552246094,
-0.4094238281,
0.3276367188,
-0.1647949219,
-0.1610107422,
0.83984375,
1.1923828125,
-0.5327148438,
0.1488037109,
-0.5727539062,
0.544921875,
-0.0594787598,
-0.994140625,
0.2333984375,
-1.0732421875,
-0.0938110352,
0.3498535156,
0.3054199219,
-0.2958984375,
0.8833007812,
0.9702148438,
0.5512695312,
0.5400390625,
0.3005371094,
-0.3972167969,
-0.6928710938,
0.4953613281,
0.5947265625,
0.7524414062,
0.1694335938,
-0.1716308594,
0.2731933594,
-0.4831542969,
0.2117919922,
0.0029697418,
-0.701171875,
0.4819335938,
0.0305175781,
-0.5922851562,
-0.2330322266,
0.3054199219,
0.0968017578,
-0.0151290894,
-0.5288085938,
0.2580566406,
-1.0419921875,
-0.1859130859,
0.5224609375,
-0.494140625,
-1.033203125,
0.7885742188,
1.0771484375,
0.0059165955,
0.086730957,
0.5209960938,
-0.5595703125,
0.0566101074,
0.2423095703,
0.8217773438,
-0.38671875,
0.2259521484,
-0.1096191406,
-0.2093505859,
-0.2592773438,
0.1229248047,
-0.330078125,
-0.35546875,
0.6049804688,
0.173828125,
-0.8745117188,
0.0140838623,
0.8662109375,
0.4936523438,
-0.1109619141,
0.6752929688,
-0.1262207031,
-0.0509338379,
0.0101394653,
-14.0234375,
-1.3701171875,
-0.8168945312,
0.1259765625,
-0.8959960938,
0.6533203125,
-0.0059432983,
-0.3251953125,
-0.3103027344,
0.0764770508,
-0.040435791,
0.1761474609,
0.1459960938,
-0.73046875,
0.9438476562,
-0.697265625,
-0.5415039062,
-1.09765625,
-0.4833984375,
-0.0354309082,
0.427734375,
1.2568359375,
-1.240234375,
0.6674804688,
-0.998046875,
-0.0014801025,
0.3598632812,
-0.2602539062,
0.0771484375,
1.517578125,
-0.8408203125,
-0.5854492188,
-0.4946289062,
-0.0871582031,
-0.2709960938,
-1.44140625,
0.4038085938,
0.9375,
0.1080932617,
0.0302581787,
-0.6958007812,
0.0411987305,
-0.5478515625,
0.1781005859,
0.1517333984,
1.28125,
-0.1561279297,
-1.025390625,
0.1870117188,
-0.5874023438,
-0.2678222656,
0.5185546875,
0.1100463867,
-0.6118164062,
-1.2509765625,
0.0401000977,
-0.75,
0.3796386719,
-0.0519104004,
0.0862426758,
-0.1896972656,
1.6123046875,
1.5556640625,
0.0134811401,
-0.361328125,
-0.4162597656,
-1.1630859375,
-0.8427734375,
0.1796875,
-0.6474609375,
0.4770507812,
-0.071105957,
2.10546875,
1.251953125,
-0.0048408508,
0.802734375,
-0.4484863281,
-0.3005371094,
-0.2900390625,
0.0541992188,
-0.2583007812,
-0.8935546875
] |
Then, if the plane of polarization of the incident ray was at 45° to the plane of incidence, the tangent of the corresponding angle for the reflected ray was obtainable from the ratio of the two reflection coefficients, and this angle could be measured. Fresnel had measured it for a range of angles of incidence, for glass and water, and the agreement between the calculated and measured angles was better than 1.5° in all cases. Fresnel gave details of the "mechanical solution" in a memoir read to the Académie des Sciences on 7 January 1823. Conservation of energy was combined with continuity of the tangential vibration at the interface. The resulting formulae for the reflection coefficients and reflectivities became known as the Fresnel equations. The reflection coefficients for the s and p polarizations are most succinctly expressed as
and
where and are the angles of incidence and refraction; these equations are known respectively as Fresnel's sine law and Fresnel's tangent law. By allowing the coefficients to be complex, Fresnel even accounted for the different phase shifts of the s and p components due to total internal reflection. This success inspired James MacCullagh and Augustin-Louis Cauchy, beginning in 1836, to analyze reflection from metals by using the Fresnel equations with a complex refractive index. The same technique is applicable to non-metallic opaque media. With these generalizations, the Fresnel equations can predict the appearance of a wide variety of objects under illumination – for example, in computer graphics . | [
-0.1593017578,
-0.3962402344,
-0.5532226562,
-0.1455078125,
0.3112792969,
0.0611877441,
0.1257324219,
0.7006835938,
0.9545898438,
0.1431884766,
-0.0549621582,
-0.2432861328,
-0.1418457031,
-0.8188476562,
0.4313964844,
-0.0655517578,
0.1363525391,
-0.4162597656,
-0.0854492188,
0.2106933594,
-0.1508789062,
0.1115722656,
-1.4267578125,
-0.255859375,
-1.3388671875,
-0.2692871094,
0.943359375,
-0.1585693359,
-0.0979614258,
-0.5561523438,
0.0379638672,
-0.1514892578,
-0.0472106934,
0.2375488281,
0.0880126953,
0.9912109375,
-0.5786132812,
1.041015625,
-0.83984375,
-0.4245605469,
0.1915283203,
-1.0068359375,
0.1513671875,
-0.5346679688,
-0.1522216797,
0.2634277344,
-0.138671875,
-0.4006347656,
-0.5004882812,
-0.4509277344,
0.806640625,
-0.7377929688,
-0.1006469727,
-0.4177246094,
0.0024147034,
-1.34765625,
0.2115478516,
-0.7622070312,
0.5297851562,
0.5166015625,
-0.98828125,
0.326171875,
-0.3020019531,
-0.3491210938,
1.0791015625,
-0.5478515625,
-0.552734375,
-1.19140625,
-0.5473632812,
0.3486328125,
-0.8896484375,
0.1219482422,
-0.1712646484,
-0.9956054688,
-0.4973144531,
-0.2321777344,
-1.205078125,
0.7104492188,
-0.0006661415,
0.8813476562,
-0.91796875,
-0.0128479004,
-0.5791015625,
-0.982421875,
-0.3869628906,
-0.8803710938,
0.5434570312,
-0.6918945312,
-0.94140625,
1.5966796875,
0.2954101562,
0.0115890503,
-0.869140625,
0.1614990234,
-0.1796875,
-0.28125,
-0.6196289062,
-1.1904296875,
-0.6650390625,
0.1311035156,
0.4067382812,
-0.419921875,
0.3854980469,
-0.0735473633,
0.3493652344,
1.5009765625,
-0.5834960938,
-0.2895507812,
0.2705078125,
0.4475097656,
-0.0556030273,
-0.3903808594,
0.6186523438,
0.5859375,
-0.6220703125,
0.3234863281,
-0.34765625,
-0.0912475586,
-1.12109375,
0.1274414062,
0.2124023438,
-0.0908813477,
0.2883300781,
-0.4914550781,
-0.0167388916,
0.0290527344,
0.0897216797,
-0.6508789062,
0.533203125,
-0.236328125,
-0.7788085938,
-0.1671142578,
0.0091629028,
0.1877441406,
0.2768554688,
-0.7348632812,
-0.7768554688,
-0.275390625,
0.4208984375,
0.1341552734,
-0.0648193359,
-0.3137207031,
0.1861572266,
-0.5307617188,
0.0386352539,
-0.1818847656,
-0.2563476562,
0.1755371094,
0.0542297363,
0.2138671875,
-1.1826171875,
-0.4697265625,
1.1474609375,
0.0270385742,
-0.3151855469,
0.4460449219,
0.0611572266,
0.2717285156,
-0.6005859375,
-0.5131835938,
-0.6938476562,
0.0670166016,
-0.6157226562,
0.2165527344,
-0.079284668,
-0.1252441406,
-0.1348876953,
-0.5952148438,
-0.5576171875,
0.646484375,
-0.036895752,
0.2585449219,
0.2296142578,
0.767578125,
0.1655273438,
-0.8178710938,
0.7065429688,
0.7006835938,
0.054473877,
1.3095703125,
0.4929199219,
-0.4572753906,
0.1204833984,
-0.6337890625,
0.1533203125,
-0.22265625,
-0.0706176758,
0.3557128906,
-0.283203125,
-0.6044921875,
-0.3088378906,
0.76953125,
0.4907226562,
-0.0161437988,
-0.55078125,
0.3688964844,
-1.4560546875,
-0.337890625,
0.8076171875,
-0.2846679688,
0.3159179688,
1.1708984375,
0.7231445312,
0.2320556641,
0.5834960938,
-0.0050811768,
0.3125,
0.2421875,
0.3286132812,
0.7705078125,
-0.6640625,
0.791015625,
-0.0814819336,
0.3991699219,
0.1572265625,
-0.1663818359,
0.8232421875,
-0.2746582031,
0.6196289062,
-1.4130859375,
0.5190429688,
0.0119857788,
-1.2646484375,
0.0335083008,
-1.876953125,
-0.2927246094,
-0.4521484375,
0.8671875,
0.2507324219,
0.1707763672,
0.4738769531,
1.064453125,
-0.7260742188,
0.2663574219,
0.751953125,
0.1168212891,
0.1143798828,
-0.8828125,
-0.0186004639,
-0.4943847656,
-0.5087890625,
-0.2410888672,
-0.5864257812,
-0.8168945312,
0.25390625,
-0.97265625,
0.1787109375,
0.0979003906,
0.8041992188,
0.6166992188,
0.5034179688,
0.2934570312,
0.27734375,
0.1711425781,
0.1097412109,
0.841796875,
0.1507568359,
-0.1200561523,
0.0770263672,
0.1483154297,
-0.2131347656,
0.4724121094,
1.10546875,
-0.3996582031,
0.3784179688,
-0.1311035156,
0.84765625,
0.6547851562,
0.3215332031,
0.2176513672,
0.5859375,
-0.3103027344,
-1.150390625,
-0.4748535156,
-0.1292724609,
-0.2200927734,
-0.93359375,
-0.8813476562,
0.0442504883,
-0.7299804688,
0.0484008789,
-0.7470703125,
-1.171875,
-0.703125,
0.91015625,
0.470703125,
0.7138671875,
-0.2687988281,
-0.537109375,
0.2269287109,
-0.0582580566,
-0.0123214722,
-1.146484375,
-0.3967285156,
-0.1340332031,
0.0410766602,
0.2266845703,
0.3557128906,
-0.5668945312,
-0.5141601562,
1.134765625,
1.736328125,
-0.0922241211,
-0.1500244141,
0.1437988281,
0.7021484375,
-0.37109375,
-0.6997070312,
-0.9028320312,
-0.2592773438,
0.2512207031,
-0.4055175781,
0.1496582031,
-0.7553710938,
-0.8237304688,
-0.482421875,
-0.4877929688,
-0.3308105469,
0.3952636719,
-1.2490234375,
0.0593566895,
0.1474609375,
-0.4416503906,
-0.4738769531,
0.0309753418,
0.4028320312,
-0.1658935547,
-0.92578125,
-0.1654052734,
0.4899902344,
1.0771484375,
0.4145507812,
-0.0177764893,
1.02734375,
-0.9716796875,
0.60546875,
-0.0749511719,
-0.2484130859,
0.35546875,
-0.2231445312,
-0.3176269531,
-0.7451171875,
-1.001953125,
-0.330078125,
0.0362243652,
0.8359375,
-1.2802734375,
-0.2484130859,
1.349609375,
-0.158203125,
0.0298156738,
0.2008056641,
-0.1789550781,
-0.9975585938,
-0.2156982422,
0.2044677734,
-0.6494140625,
0.2485351562,
0.2238769531,
0.0887451172,
-0.0799560547,
-0.2452392578,
-0.4184570312,
0.1226196289,
0.0049095154,
-0.4953613281,
0.2827148438,
0.625,
0.685546875,
0.4216308594,
0.0109710693,
0.1494140625,
-0.8671875,
0.4521484375,
-0.2003173828,
-0.4375,
-1.263671875,
-0.630859375,
-0.3676757812,
0.0899047852,
-0.6196289062,
-0.9272460938,
-0.7094726562,
-0.7080078125,
0.4858398438,
0.1873779297,
0.5126953125,
0.3947753906,
-1.0810546875,
-0.1697998047,
1.0859375,
0.4621582031,
-0.3471679688,
0.4616699219,
-0.6108398438,
0.4658203125,
-0.0162506104,
-1.5107421875,
-0.1309814453,
-0.0748901367,
0.3342285156,
-0.7021484375,
-0.3188476562,
0.59765625,
-0.2727050781,
0.2436523438,
2.16015625,
-0.748046875,
0.7001953125,
-0.3076171875,
-0.5864257812,
0.2253417969,
0.4558105469,
0.0806884766,
-1.154296875,
-0.2102050781,
0.6303710938,
0.7387695312,
-0.6484375,
-0.1461181641,
-0.2170410156,
0.1204833984,
0.3342285156,
-0.4868164062,
1.0888671875,
-0.0437011719,
-1.0712890625,
-0.0861206055,
0.2648925781,
-0.9677734375,
-0.2464599609,
-0.8354492188,
0.3930664062,
0.2062988281,
0.818359375,
-0.2069091797,
0.1389160156,
-0.2452392578,
-0.1170654297,
-0.0621337891,
-0.2172851562,
1.306640625,
-0.3669433594,
0.5668945312,
0.759765625,
0.2548828125,
0.0223236084,
-0.4724121094,
0.6606445312,
-0.2062988281,
-1.21484375,
0.5620117188,
0.0490722656,
0.5107421875,
1.64453125,
-0.8911132812,
0.1820068359,
-0.2253417969,
-0.1970214844,
0.2846679688,
-0.0983886719,
-0.4226074219,
-0.4697265625,
0.3432617188,
0.2467041016,
-1.271484375,
0.2247314453,
0.3044433594,
-0.9965820312,
0.1268310547,
-0.5458984375,
-0.4501953125,
-1.3369140625,
-0.2866210938,
-1.060546875,
0.0175170898,
-0.4150390625,
-0.0556030273,
0.0737304688,
-0.1999511719,
1.0146484375,
-0.0745239258,
-0.1948242188,
0.1614990234,
0.1756591797,
-0.7817382812,
-0.5502929688,
-0.3701171875,
-0.6787109375,
-0.5278320312,
0.2490234375,
0.4030761719,
0.1010131836,
0.2309570312,
0.2358398438,
0.3337402344,
-0.5981445312,
-0.4604492188,
-1.439453125,
0.2805175781,
-0.7817382812,
0.1018066406,
-0.1939697266,
-0.5053710938,
-0.0834350586,
0.9770507812,
-0.3220214844,
0.4663085938,
1.169921875,
0.603515625,
-0.7612304688,
-0.4304199219,
-0.953125,
-0.2326660156,
-0.7890625,
0.2521972656,
-0.2038574219,
-0.1772460938,
-0.5971679688,
0.3649902344,
-0.0009202957,
-0.560546875,
0.4016113281,
0.0618286133,
-0.8876953125,
0.5297851562,
0.0394592285,
0.2834472656,
-0.6635742188,
0.2998046875,
1.056640625,
-0.1397705078,
0.4892578125,
0.2069091797,
-0.9428710938,
0.0783691406,
0.91015625,
1.634765625,
0.5263671875,
0.6352539062,
-0.1878662109,
0.6171875,
-0.1586914062,
0.5673828125,
0.2102050781,
1.361328125,
0.9165039062,
0.3615722656,
-0.86328125,
0.75,
-0.8759765625,
-0.0502929688,
0.3186035156,
-0.0430603027,
-0.7631835938,
-0.5581054688,
-0.6953125,
-0.2224121094,
0.494140625,
0.2399902344,
-0.7568359375,
-0.0461120605,
0.505859375,
0.0086135864,
-0.1956787109,
0.0037174225,
0.501953125,
0.2934570312,
-0.3713378906,
-0.6157226562,
-0.7416992188,
-0.376953125,
0.7436523438,
0.2303466797,
-0.4919433594,
0.1018066406,
-0.1154174805,
-1.0654296875,
0.0277252197,
-0.2012939453,
-0.07421875,
-0.2313232422,
-0.0086746216,
0.3920898438,
0.118347168,
0.1319580078,
0.427734375,
-1.2607421875,
-0.7163085938,
-0.5786132812,
-0.0273132324,
-0.2426757812,
0.9482421875,
0.5375976562,
0.5986328125,
-0.3581542969,
-0.9516601562,
0.19921875,
0.9375,
0.0269317627,
0.3146972656,
0.2583007812,
-0.7661132812,
0.2093505859,
0.8994140625,
-0.026473999,
0.3215332031,
0.5629882812,
0.4689941406,
0.6748046875,
-0.5419921875,
-0.17578125,
0.8940429688,
-0.458984375,
0.5595703125,
0.4890136719,
-0.7978515625,
-0.544921875,
-0.2954101562,
-1.287109375,
-0.0589904785,
-0.1947021484,
-0.2357177734,
-0.0798339844,
1.5576171875,
0.1176147461,
-0.4833984375,
0.032409668,
-0.3129882812,
0.6005859375,
0.6362304688,
-0.734375,
0.171875,
0.2099609375,
-0.1278076172,
0.0714111328,
-0.2819824219,
1.181640625,
0.1932373047,
0.6909179688,
0.8544921875,
-0.53125,
-0.0153808594,
-0.0195465088,
0.875,
-0.0579223633,
0.0824584961,
0.4765625,
-1.5068359375,
0.349609375,
0.2827148438,
0.3173828125,
0.1039428711,
-0.4033203125,
-0.7602539062,
-0.0258789062,
0.0608215332,
-0.2071533203,
0.3696289062,
0.1228637695,
0.732421875,
-0.255859375,
0.1412353516,
-0.63671875,
-0.3654785156,
1.298828125,
0.7397460938,
-0.3896484375,
-0.4230957031,
-0.6362304688,
1.2177734375,
-0.2521972656,
0.25,
0.9692382812,
0.27734375,
0.0742797852,
-0.1976318359,
-0.3483886719,
-1.1748046875,
0.7729492188,
-0.1514892578,
-0.068359375,
-0.6967773438,
-0.0411987305,
-0.173828125,
0.0860595703,
-0.9619140625,
0.4016113281,
-0.5009765625,
0.6586914062,
-0.0653076172,
0.1391601562,
-1.09375,
-0.5444335938,
-0.86328125,
-1.37109375,
0.3239746094,
0.4077148438,
0.2489013672,
0.3308105469,
0.2888183594,
-0.0059776306,
-1.4619140625,
0.8500976562,
-1.2138671875,
0.1326904297,
0.4106445312,
-0.098815918,
0.4108886719,
-1.0205078125,
-0.8178710938,
-0.37109375,
0.2602539062,
0.720703125,
1.076171875,
-0.619140625,
-0.7763671875,
1.263671875,
1.1806640625,
-0.0260162354,
-0.4145507812,
0.5366210938,
-0.3757324219,
0.1680908203,
-0.8100585938,
2.05859375,
0.0238037109,
-0.3044433594,
0.76953125,
-0.67578125,
-0.5571289062,
0.0167694092,
0.5053710938,
0.0209197998,
-0.0909423828,
0.5219726562,
0.8383789062,
-0.1137084961,
0.5458984375,
0.9467773438,
-0.4968261719,
-0.341796875,
-0.1051025391,
-0.3979492188,
0.2322998047,
0.1236572266,
0.9765625,
0.5717773438,
-0.0297851562,
0.0902709961,
-0.4296875,
-0.4294433594,
0.9116210938,
-0.806640625,
-0.1508789062,
-0.3332519531,
-0.5190429688,
-0.0375366211,
0.4382324219,
0.087097168,
-0.05859375,
-0.4165039062,
-0.6879882812,
-0.1315917969,
-0.2990722656,
0.2465820312,
0.0511169434,
0.3937988281,
-0.1629638672,
1.490234375,
0.3283691406,
1.1640625,
-0.2648925781,
-0.4406738281,
0.1282958984,
0.0720825195,
0.1462402344,
-1.046875,
0.1171264648,
-0.1994628906,
-0.8315429688,
-0.3649902344,
-0.2430419922,
0.0751342773,
-0.3298339844,
-0.1889648438,
-0.533203125,
1.2236328125,
0.0165405273,
-0.8061523438,
-0.0022907257,
0.6010742188,
0.91796875,
0.9536132812,
0.9301757812,
0.0788574219,
-0.4758300781,
-0.5654296875,
0.3937988281,
0.0233306885,
0.4755859375,
-0.4597167969,
-0.3977050781,
0.2734375,
-2.36328125,
-0.2232666016,
0.7026367188,
0.0582275391,
0.646484375,
0.7885742188,
-0.0657958984,
1.1865234375,
0.5146484375,
0.298828125,
0.4538574219,
-0.3278808594,
0.4777832031,
0.1534423828,
-0.1319580078,
1.0078125,
0.2707519531,
0.2858886719,
-0.1651611328,
0.2034912109,
1.3564453125,
0.5209960938,
0.4301757812,
0.5795898438,
-1.0029296875,
-0.2758789062,
0.3051757812,
0.3259277344,
0.3139648438,
-0.3527832031,
0.4956054688,
1.4794921875,
0.1628417969,
-0.0266723633,
0.5786132812,
-0.1878662109,
-0.1139526367,
-0.6674804688,
-0.0834350586,
0.2973632812,
-0.5434570312,
0.0035514832,
0.3337402344,
0.0893554688,
-0.5415039062,
-0.3515625,
0.2308349609,
-0.4636230469,
-0.4162597656,
-0.7080078125,
0.064453125,
-0.5703125,
0.6303710938,
0.2192382812,
0.0426025391,
0.2259521484,
0.3391113281,
0.1075439453,
-0.0144500732,
-0.0863647461,
-0.020111084,
-0.1486816406,
-0.2863769531,
-0.2232666016,
-0.1915283203,
0.69921875,
1.380859375,
-0.3605957031,
-0.0986328125,
-0.3803710938,
0.0533447266,
-0.4858398438,
-0.59375,
-0.0835571289,
-0.9541015625,
-0.4467773438,
0.46484375,
0.4907226562,
-0.0465393066,
0.6450195312,
0.1616210938,
0.2387695312,
0.1650390625,
0.0388793945,
-0.3017578125,
-0.9619140625,
0.4353027344,
0.3640136719,
1.2431640625,
0.0411376953,
-0.0633544922,
0.2961425781,
0.0674438477,
0.0831298828,
0.4445800781,
-0.3076171875,
-0.004573822,
-0.1745605469,
0.0544128418,
-0.1925048828,
0.1403808594,
-0.1711425781,
0.5112304688,
-0.7397460938,
0.0184783936,
-1.1962890625,
0.0661621094,
0.4240722656,
-0.5517578125,
-0.8251953125,
1.3916015625,
0.5249023438,
0.096496582,
0.1986083984,
0.4250488281,
-0.4807128906,
0.1966552734,
0.19921875,
0.8115234375,
0.0841064453,
0.2807617188,
-0.2043457031,
-0.6162109375,
0.4206542969,
0.1623535156,
-0.3037109375,
-0.3747558594,
0.4145507812,
0.3547363281,
-0.8828125,
0.0046539307,
0.6918945312,
1.185546875,
-0.1774902344,
0.7094726562,
-0.23046875,
0.094909668,
-0.3950195312,
-14.1484375,
-1.55078125,
0.1680908203,
0.0061759949,
-1.345703125,
0.7250976562,
-0.1036987305,
-0.4089355469,
-0.19140625,
-0.0806884766,
0.0887451172,
0.33203125,
0.092956543,
-0.4968261719,
0.2998046875,
-0.2365722656,
-0.2242431641,
-0.7338867188,
-1.0458984375,
0.3884277344,
0.4267578125,
0.6474609375,
-1.1328125,
0.5869140625,
-0.6396484375,
0.0775146484,
1.189453125,
-0.4631347656,
-0.3364257812,
1.00390625,
-0.3161621094,
-0.0875244141,
-0.7749023438,
0.0642089844,
-0.3493652344,
-0.9921875,
0.5927734375,
0.1828613281,
0.8896484375,
-0.1087036133,
-0.8154296875,
-0.1322021484,
-0.1408691406,
-0.0724487305,
0.2153320312,
1.17578125,
-0.4055175781,
-1.0966796875,
0.0807495117,
-0.6928710938,
-0.1242675781,
0.4211425781,
0.2199707031,
-0.8447265625,
-1.0419921875,
-0.31640625,
-0.2033691406,
0.2230224609,
-0.0397338867,
0.3801269531,
-0.3562011719,
1.2978515625,
1.2353515625,
-0.2368164062,
-0.0009651184,
-0.6005859375,
-1.1298828125,
-0.5458984375,
-0.2834472656,
-0.5673828125,
0.5444335938,
-0.646484375,
2.138671875,
1.3466796875,
-0.2233886719,
0.6259765625,
-0.55859375,
-0.5219726562,
0.2565917969,
0.0705566406,
0.0257873535,
0.1339111328
] |
Circular and elliptical polarization, optical rotation (1822)
In a memoir dated 9 December 1822, Fresnel coined the terms linear polarization (French: polarisation rectiligne) for the simple case in which the perpendicular components of vibration are in phase or 180° out of phase, circular polarization for the case in which they are of equal magnitude and a quarter-cycle (±90°) out of phase, and elliptical polarization for other cases in which the two components have a fixed amplitude ratio and a fixed phase difference. He then explained how optical rotation could be understood as a species of birefringence. Linearly-polarized light could be resolved into two circularly-polarized components rotating in opposite directions. If these components propagated at slightly different speeds, the phase difference between them – and therefore the direction of their linearly-polarized resultant – would vary continuously with distance. These concepts called for a redefinition of the distinction between polarized and unpolarized light. Before Fresnel, it was thought that polarization could vary in direction, and in degree (e.g., due to variation in the angle of reflection off a transparent body), and that it could be a function of color (chromatic polarization), but not that it could vary in kind. Hence it was thought that the degree of polarization was the degree to which the light could be suppressed by an analyzer with the appropriate orientation. Light that had been converted from linear to elliptical or circular polarization (e.g., by passage through a crystal lamina, or by total internal reflection) was described as partly or fully "depolarized" because of its behavior in an analyzer. | [
-0.0334472656,
-1,
-0.3833007812,
0.1981201172,
0.560546875,
0.5063476562,
0.04296875,
0.1734619141,
1.7509765625,
0.0281524658,
-0.4907226562,
-0.279296875,
0.2766113281,
-0.9033203125,
-0.1971435547,
-0.4536132812,
0.2976074219,
-0.6186523438,
0.0927734375,
0.5625,
0.4638671875,
-0.3703613281,
-1.0576171875,
-0.1865234375,
-1.5185546875,
-0.7421875,
0.0577087402,
-0.7836914062,
-1.0234375,
-0.5698242188,
-0.2471923828,
-0.1926269531,
0.9599609375,
0.00390625,
0.4099121094,
1.1279296875,
-1.470703125,
0.3371582031,
0.5708007812,
0.5771484375,
0.4865722656,
-0.869140625,
0.0608215332,
-0.884765625,
-0.0625610352,
0.033416748,
0.1088867188,
-0.5986328125,
-0.3249511719,
-0.7817382812,
-0.0734863281,
-1.0791015625,
-0.4221191406,
0.2277832031,
0.1584472656,
-0.6708984375,
0.1878662109,
-0.0049476624,
1.1162109375,
-0.1057128906,
-0.6137695312,
0.7802734375,
0.1072998047,
-0.6420898438,
0.3674316406,
-0.5659179688,
-0.032043457,
0.2426757812,
-0.4802246094,
0.6357421875,
-1.5244140625,
-0.1912841797,
0.2795410156,
-1.2802734375,
-0.3544921875,
-1.0205078125,
-1.2099609375,
-0.5004882812,
0.2086181641,
0.2039794922,
-0.650390625,
-0.404296875,
-0.8056640625,
-1.3369140625,
-0.8100585938,
0.841796875,
0.0685424805,
-0.7192382812,
-0.802734375,
0.6704101562,
0.6591796875,
-0.8432617188,
-0.4987792969,
-0.0360107422,
0.3708496094,
-0.1888427734,
-0.6103515625,
-1.2255859375,
-0.7197265625,
-0.0039176941,
0.7485351562,
-0.9204101562,
0.9384765625,
0.2071533203,
-0.0027351379,
1.12890625,
-0.9526367188,
0.2541503906,
-0.2452392578,
0.4997558594,
0.2661132812,
-0.2396240234,
0.5478515625,
-0.6206054688,
-0.4772949219,
0.8051757812,
-0.4914550781,
0.5141601562,
-0.837890625,
-0.796875,
0.1658935547,
-0.4750976562,
-0.2619628906,
-1.1376953125,
0.763671875,
0.1940917969,
-1.08984375,
-1.4033203125,
-0.58203125,
-0.1915283203,
0.6918945312,
-1.015625,
0.0032634735,
0.4782714844,
-0.2651367188,
-0.2995605469,
-1.40625,
0.2014160156,
0.1527099609,
-0.4301757812,
-0.5322265625,
-0.1383056641,
0.8935546875,
-0.5844726562,
0.0218658447,
-0.4655761719,
0.1396484375,
0.21484375,
-0.1409912109,
0.4526367188,
-0.4870605469,
-0.4919433594,
0.1006469727,
0.2570800781,
-0.106628418,
0.9033203125,
0.0301513672,
-0.9321289062,
-0.7314453125,
-0.1400146484,
-0.4621582031,
0.2366943359,
0.0946655273,
-0.0187225342,
0.2844238281,
1.341796875,
-0.7114257812,
-1.044921875,
-0.3955078125,
0.6723632812,
0.1534423828,
0.5986328125,
-0.3195800781,
0.1518554688,
0.2687988281,
-1.3134765625,
0.6372070312,
0.265625,
-0.3662109375,
0.845703125,
-0.0614624023,
-1.095703125,
-0.9575195312,
-0.5375976562,
0.9448242188,
-0.4133300781,
0.3254394531,
0.3083496094,
-0.1584472656,
-0.5068359375,
-0.3278808594,
1.515625,
0.4714355469,
-0.703125,
-0.2897949219,
0.1990966797,
-1.5087890625,
-0.7651367188,
0.6040039062,
0.4001464844,
-0.4699707031,
-0.0483398438,
0.9091796875,
0.1871337891,
0.6752929688,
-0.75390625,
0.3889160156,
0.5078125,
0.888671875,
-0.0043563843,
0.2412109375,
-0.0073280334,
-0.1166381836,
1.220703125,
0.4406738281,
0.0904541016,
0.4599609375,
-0.7109375,
0.7602539062,
-0.9389648438,
-0.3588867188,
-0.0560913086,
-1.6435546875,
0.123046875,
-1.3369140625,
-0.63671875,
-0.1878662109,
0.9721679688,
1.0986328125,
0.4340820312,
0.3259277344,
0.1815185547,
-0.6943359375,
-0.3735351562,
0.3879394531,
1.1025390625,
-0.1398925781,
-1.33203125,
-0.6616210938,
-1.0966796875,
-0.3166503906,
0.3400878906,
0.0118942261,
-0.8823242188,
-0.240234375,
-0.69140625,
0.7958984375,
0.0694580078,
0.2132568359,
0.685546875,
0.5502929688,
0.4067382812,
0.0175628662,
0.1398925781,
-0.0877075195,
0.7885742188,
0.0549621582,
-0.392578125,
0.2861328125,
0.5966796875,
-0.4118652344,
0.7856445312,
0.9912109375,
-0.4240722656,
0.279296875,
-0.0427856445,
0.5434570312,
0.4162597656,
-0.6015625,
0.1810302734,
0.6186523438,
-0.4462890625,
-0.7377929688,
-0.042755127,
0.3623046875,
0.0777587891,
-0.2457275391,
-1.1982421875,
-0.0697021484,
-0.3862304688,
-0.2442626953,
0.2766113281,
-1.208984375,
-0.83984375,
0.4538574219,
1.13671875,
-0.016204834,
-0.1058349609,
-0.5615234375,
0.4643554688,
0.287109375,
-0.1343994141,
-1.0419921875,
0.6323242188,
-0.1422119141,
-0.7353515625,
0.0894775391,
1.181640625,
-1.134765625,
0.1795654297,
0.4543457031,
0.9677734375,
-0.7265625,
0.2917480469,
0.2491455078,
0.1800537109,
0.0493164062,
-0.3518066406,
-1.2578125,
0.078918457,
0.6938476562,
-0.4177246094,
-0.0484924316,
-0.9916992188,
-0.6557617188,
-0.0665893555,
-0.3500976562,
-0.108581543,
0.4409179688,
-0.1993408203,
0.0370483398,
0.3149414062,
0.4204101562,
0.0429382324,
0.8022460938,
0.611328125,
-0.1915283203,
-0.75,
-0.0571899414,
0.4963378906,
1.2705078125,
-0.0897216797,
-0.2995605469,
0.5029296875,
-0.9541015625,
1.783203125,
0.1336669922,
-0.1285400391,
-0.53125,
-0.70703125,
0.6733398438,
-0.0700073242,
-0.9213867188,
0.8642578125,
-0.3059082031,
0.3415527344,
-0.9985351562,
-0.1556396484,
0.2512207031,
-0.373046875,
0.1561279297,
0.2524414062,
-0.6318359375,
-0.99609375,
-0.3984375,
0.0872192383,
-0.4028320312,
0.7797851562,
-0.0052146912,
0.3666992188,
-0.4235839844,
0.099609375,
-0.0153045654,
0.1064453125,
-0.6606445312,
-0.576171875,
0.1900634766,
0.5307617188,
1.033203125,
-0.0892333984,
-0.623046875,
0.259765625,
-0.5454101562,
-0.19140625,
-0.5239257812,
-0.5581054688,
-0.8759765625,
0.4299316406,
-0.7255859375,
-0.1948242188,
-0.9951171875,
-0.5634765625,
0.1223754883,
-0.3354492188,
0.6318359375,
-0.0086135864,
-0.5458984375,
1.220703125,
-0.50390625,
-0.3923339844,
0.662109375,
0.0010671616,
-1.32421875,
0.6049804688,
-0.5966796875,
0.5283203125,
0.4870605469,
-1.05859375,
-1.171875,
-0.1383056641,
0.4978027344,
-1.3837890625,
-0.505859375,
0.3063964844,
0.3610839844,
0.2218017578,
1.6455078125,
-0.1953125,
-0.1806640625,
-0.6259765625,
-0.0899047852,
0.2467041016,
0.9272460938,
-0.2158203125,
-1.443359375,
0.1248779297,
-0.0586547852,
0.96484375,
1.0048828125,
0.110534668,
-0.5112304688,
1.5205078125,
0.1033325195,
-0.4301757812,
0.6328125,
0.3142089844,
-0.4187011719,
-0.5380859375,
0.3781738281,
-1.0205078125,
-0.392578125,
-1.1689453125,
0.1248779297,
0.9560546875,
0.5092773438,
-1.205078125,
0.4289550781,
0.626953125,
-0.583984375,
0.0325622559,
-0.0017728806,
0.90625,
-0.4724121094,
0.018447876,
0.7895507812,
-0.59375,
-0.0496826172,
-1.4619140625,
0.689453125,
-0.4245605469,
-0.9580078125,
0.1156005859,
0.5346679688,
0.744140625,
1.3134765625,
0.1380615234,
0.1732177734,
-0.439453125,
0.2147216797,
-0.2578125,
0.3530273438,
-0.3562011719,
0.2117919922,
-0.2233886719,
0.9677734375,
-0.8857421875,
-0.4379882812,
0.8481445312,
-1.916015625,
-0.98828125,
0.2592773438,
0.525390625,
-0.763671875,
-0.5981445312,
-1.0751953125,
0.384765625,
0.0424499512,
-0.826171875,
0.6015625,
-0.2692871094,
0.8706054688,
-0.0339050293,
0.9057617188,
-0.1122436523,
0.1756591797,
-0.35546875,
-0.8374023438,
-0.0150146484,
-1.3447265625,
-0.478515625,
-0.7783203125,
0.541015625,
0.0227050781,
0.6455078125,
0.4453125,
-0.4860839844,
-0.4265136719,
0.0816650391,
-1.7138671875,
-0.4055175781,
-0.2888183594,
0.3017578125,
-0.7734375,
-1.3603515625,
0.6806640625,
0.5556640625,
0.5981445312,
0.3679199219,
0.1596679688,
0.8701171875,
-1.0146484375,
-0.2587890625,
-0.5815429688,
-0.1221313477,
0.0380554199,
-0.3762207031,
0.78515625,
-0.1566162109,
-0.5942382812,
1.341796875,
0.4143066406,
-0.1483154297,
0.982421875,
-0.3229980469,
0.2061767578,
0.8857421875,
0.0195007324,
0.3796386719,
-0.361328125,
0.3579101562,
1.29296875,
0.0545043945,
0.3513183594,
-0.3029785156,
-0.4184570312,
-0.0486755371,
1.1240234375,
1.3955078125,
0.93359375,
0.3608398438,
-0.5532226562,
0.9501953125,
0.1661376953,
1.18359375,
0.6376953125,
0.896484375,
1.1484375,
-0.6821289062,
-0.9877929688,
0.7216796875,
-1.7001953125,
-0.509765625,
0.576171875,
0.3591308594,
-0.4235839844,
-0.5688476562,
-0.55859375,
-0.2288818359,
0.1838378906,
-0.1101074219,
-0.6884765625,
-0.642578125,
-0.3244628906,
-0.9165039062,
0.0086212158,
0.1606445312,
0.5751953125,
-0.3693847656,
-0.4802246094,
0.0687866211,
-0.8911132812,
-1.1787109375,
-0.0347290039,
0.4240722656,
-0.4323730469,
0.0696411133,
-0.80078125,
-0.5747070312,
0.8305664062,
-0.1029052734,
-0.0690307617,
-0.2565917969,
0.0542602539,
0.7807617188,
-0.6674804688,
0.1591796875,
0.1785888672,
-0.3522949219,
-1.2265625,
-0.8149414062,
-0.2045898438,
-0.298828125,
-0.0191650391,
0.1333007812,
0.671875,
0.2561035156,
-0.4858398438,
-0.2817382812,
1.1337890625,
-0.9189453125,
-0.05078125,
0.1525878906,
-1.431640625,
0.2883300781,
0.3791503906,
-0.2866210938,
0.4904785156,
0.2580566406,
-0.0307006836,
-0.3017578125,
-0.88671875,
-0.4099121094,
1.1640625,
0.1859130859,
0.4287109375,
0.7700195312,
-0.1124267578,
-0.1506347656,
0.7626953125,
-1.69921875,
-0.4887695312,
0.3015136719,
-0.1566162109,
0.7333984375,
1.4501953125,
0.7661132812,
-0.4196777344,
-0.2768554688,
-0.7734375,
0.2927246094,
0.974609375,
0.3857421875,
-0.2342529297,
-0.0599365234,
-0.912109375,
-0.2310791016,
-0.7744140625,
1.2919921875,
0.658203125,
0.1264648438,
-0.1651611328,
0.298828125,
0.3684082031,
0.4982910156,
0.6538085938,
-0.109375,
0.6376953125,
1.4716796875,
-1.130859375,
-0.1577148438,
-0.4172363281,
0.837890625,
0.0932617188,
-1.193359375,
-0.1312255859,
0.0631103516,
0.0125656128,
-0.5356445312,
0.4848632812,
0.0659179688,
0.876953125,
0.1740722656,
-0.0726928711,
-0.2512207031,
-0.3525390625,
0.9594726562,
1.2607421875,
-0.8671875,
-0.5688476562,
-0.0885620117,
0.5483398438,
-0.8701171875,
-0.9594726562,
1.0625,
-0.1331787109,
-0.6123046875,
-0.2181396484,
0.5463867188,
-0.119934082,
0.5571289062,
-0.8354492188,
-0.1472167969,
-0.44140625,
-0.6147460938,
0.2448730469,
-0.6201171875,
-1.0791015625,
0.5546875,
-0.1051025391,
0.91015625,
0.2485351562,
-0.1127929688,
0.7495117188,
-0.061340332,
-1.6650390625,
-0.7314453125,
0.294921875,
0.1037597656,
-0.216796875,
0.4958496094,
1.1376953125,
0.0281677246,
-0.404296875,
0.0665283203,
-1.0615234375,
0.0349731445,
0.2690429688,
0.0226593018,
-0.1553955078,
-0.8891601562,
-0.7514648438,
-0.6909179688,
0.5405273438,
-0.2946777344,
1.73046875,
-0.0530090332,
-0.9731445312,
1.0322265625,
1.533203125,
0.1164550781,
0.2856445312,
0.3408203125,
-0.4819335938,
-0.6328125,
0.0580444336,
1.025390625,
0.5185546875,
-0.0843505859,
-0.1481933594,
-0.7392578125,
-1.1689453125,
-0.4462890625,
0.2318115234,
-0.3732910156,
0.2326660156,
-0.9321289062,
0.8598632812,
-0.110168457,
1.0185546875,
0.6147460938,
0.1671142578,
-0.8291015625,
-0.2529296875,
-0.5888671875,
0.2365722656,
-0.3034667969,
0.5883789062,
0.7221679688,
0.1605224609,
0.4892578125,
-1.7333984375,
1.1220703125,
0.3720703125,
-0.3916015625,
0.2844238281,
-1.06640625,
-0.5771484375,
0.047088623,
0.560546875,
-0.0309143066,
0.89453125,
0.1613769531,
-0.2117919922,
-0.3950195312,
0.1708984375,
0.2442626953,
0.2270507812,
-0.2177734375,
-0.1602783203,
0.6728515625,
0.52734375,
1.259765625,
0.0100021362,
-0.640625,
-0.0416870117,
0.1236572266,
0.0787963867,
-0.8159179688,
0.4313964844,
-0.1860351562,
-1.2548828125,
0.0865478516,
-0.4621582031,
0.0362243652,
-0.3310546875,
-0.1982421875,
-0.1416015625,
1.8466796875,
-0.2727050781,
-0.6674804688,
0.2331542969,
0.9418945312,
0.4125976562,
1.1259765625,
-0.2661132812,
0.8325195312,
-0.2661132812,
-1.0009765625,
0.99609375,
0.2829589844,
-0.1417236328,
-0.5463867188,
0.7119140625,
-0.1510009766,
-1.3525390625,
-0.5375976562,
0.3999023438,
0.1801757812,
0.0938110352,
0.0182800293,
0.88671875,
1.43359375,
-0.0666503906,
1.2412109375,
0.765625,
0.5698242188,
0.1149291992,
-0.2238769531,
0.5805664062,
0.5083007812,
-0.0132064819,
0.3244628906,
-0.3349609375,
0.0894775391,
0.98046875,
2.044921875,
0.8432617188,
0.4216308594,
-0.9609375,
-0.640625,
-0.4965820312,
1.0966796875,
0.2268066406,
-0.4150390625,
0.1723632812,
1.123046875,
0.4873046875,
0.0844116211,
0.5458984375,
-0.27734375,
-0.4248046875,
-1.259765625,
0.1071777344,
0.9970703125,
0.0402526855,
0.011428833,
0.1281738281,
0.279296875,
-0.9545898438,
-0.5751953125,
-0.0047874451,
0.63671875,
0.1728515625,
-1.05078125,
-0.5322265625,
-0.1806640625,
-0.1578369141,
0.87890625,
-0.2770996094,
-0.2397460938,
0.2712402344,
-0.0739135742,
0.6577148438,
-0.5844726562,
-0.572265625,
-0.8959960938,
0.9340820312,
-0.1439208984,
-0.1676025391,
0.4985351562,
0.3325195312,
-0.2385253906,
-0.5131835938,
-0.8081054688,
-0.9697265625,
-0.4274902344,
-1.03125,
-0.6147460938,
-0.2741699219,
-0.8588867188,
-0.5561523438,
-0.3732910156,
-0.0455932617,
1.3056640625,
-0.5200195312,
0.62109375,
-0.841796875,
-0.0217895508,
0.3356933594,
-0.4401855469,
0.0160827637,
-0.2546386719,
1.2138671875,
0.1978759766,
-0.0173187256,
0.1700439453,
-0.1134033203,
0.2763671875,
0.4196777344,
0.1928710938,
-0.1658935547,
0.6796875,
0.4636230469,
-0.5659179688,
0.2788085938,
0.1781005859,
0.3852539062,
-0.6469726562,
0.0481872559,
0.1573486328,
-0.5239257812,
0.0622253418,
0.2770996094,
0.1181030273,
1.1552734375,
0.23046875,
-0.1795654297,
0.1857910156,
-0.0758666992,
-0.2973632812,
0.1205444336,
-0.0516662598,
1.9697265625,
-0.736328125,
0.708984375,
0.2900390625,
-0.3466796875,
-0.5405273438,
0.4780273438,
-0.8115234375,
-0.57421875,
0.8984375,
0.2255859375,
-0.4599609375,
-0.2778320312,
1.294921875,
1.0859375,
-0.69140625,
-0.0096817017,
-0.1259765625,
-0.2705078125,
-0.1264648438,
-11.90625,
-2.5234375,
-0.5546875,
0.0897827148,
-1.3671875,
0.3239746094,
0.3029785156,
-1.1845703125,
0.2907714844,
-0.0649414062,
0.4167480469,
0.7397460938,
0.2661132812,
-0.3205566406,
0.7602539062,
0.9697265625,
-1.017578125,
-0.9365234375,
-0.552734375,
-0.3718261719,
-0.1228637695,
0.416015625,
-0.1157836914,
0.306640625,
-0.2066650391,
-0.4462890625,
1.43359375,
0.5283203125,
0.0505981445,
1.423828125,
0.079284668,
-0.0540161133,
-0.4516601562,
0.6494140625,
-0.4523925781,
-0.6235351562,
-0.70703125,
-0.1982421875,
0.1817626953,
0.0555725098,
-0.3342285156,
-0.84375,
-0.7333984375,
-0.4125976562,
0.3413085938,
0.61328125,
0.7783203125,
-1.26953125,
-0.1658935547,
-0.8530273438,
1.0751953125,
0.9057617188,
0.2119140625,
0.0935668945,
-1.3076171875,
-0.1293945312,
-1.4130859375,
0.2238769531,
0.259765625,
0.3366699219,
0.8930664062,
1.171875,
0.7299804688,
-0.0193939209,
-0.298828125,
-0.7202148438,
-0.3549804688,
-0.5288085938,
0.0697021484,
-0.1126708984,
0.294921875,
0.1927490234,
1.7158203125,
0.3364257812,
0.2305908203,
0.6186523438,
0.3742675781,
0.008934021,
-0.314453125,
0.3391113281,
0.2822265625,
0.1320800781
] |
After Fresnel, the defining feature of polarized light was that the perpendicular components of vibration had a fixed ratio of amplitudes and a fixed difference in phase. By that definition, elliptically or circularly polarized light is fully polarized although it cannot be fully suppressed by an analyzer alone. The conceptual gap between the wave theory and selectionism had widened again. Total internal reflection (1817–23)
By 1817 it had been discovered by Brewster, but not adequately reported, that plane-polarized light was partly depolarized by total internal reflection if initially polarized at an acute angle to the plane of incidence. Fresnel rediscovered this effect and investigated it by including total internal reflection in a chromatic-polarization experiment. With the aid of his first theory of chromatic polarization, he found that the apparently depolarized light was a mixture of components polarized parallel and perpendicular to the plane of incidence, and that the total reflection introduced a phase difference between them. Choosing an appropriate angle of incidence (not yet exactly specified) gave a phase difference of 1/8 of a cycle (45°). Two such reflections from the "parallel faces" of "two coupled prisms" gave a phase difference of 1/4 of a cycle (90°). These findings were contained in a memoir submitted to the Académie on 10 November 1817 and read a fortnight later. An undated marginal note indicates that the two coupled prisms were later replaced by a single "parallelepiped in glass"—now known as a Fresnel rhomb. | [
-0.2233886719,
-1.0439453125,
-0.0580444336,
-0.1374511719,
0.0001031756,
0.0137023926,
0.4711914062,
0.4685058594,
0.8291015625,
0.0617980957,
-0.6528320312,
-0.30859375,
-0.4064941406,
-0.8666992188,
-0.0337524414,
-0.2648925781,
0.1417236328,
-1.0634765625,
-0.142578125,
0.31640625,
0.2462158203,
-0.1688232422,
-1.2001953125,
0.4460449219,
-1.3359375,
-0.4501953125,
0.1201171875,
-0.0942382812,
-0.7963867188,
-0.4345703125,
0.2415771484,
0.0068778992,
-0.3059082031,
-0.3850097656,
0.3325195312,
1.068359375,
-0.875,
0.4655761719,
-0.4248046875,
-0.0440979004,
0.431640625,
-0.7954101562,
-0.078125,
-0.2585449219,
0.0278778076,
0.0585021973,
-0.1028442383,
-0.31640625,
-0.5439453125,
-0.5688476562,
0.1280517578,
-0.8061523438,
0.0179595947,
0.0933837891,
0.033203125,
-1.2060546875,
0.5087890625,
-0.0552368164,
0.4831542969,
-0.1645507812,
-0.8759765625,
0.4301757812,
-0.1396484375,
-0.5908203125,
0.2281494141,
-0.7045898438,
-0.2039794922,
-0.2408447266,
-0.73828125,
0.005771637,
-1.451171875,
0.3850097656,
0.044708252,
-1.138671875,
-0.3173828125,
-0.2478027344,
-0.9169921875,
-0.4130859375,
0.4025878906,
0.6650390625,
-0.677734375,
-0.9057617188,
-0.5610351562,
-1.0078125,
-1.3212890625,
0.0537109375,
0.1361083984,
-0.62109375,
-0.951171875,
0.8564453125,
0.7944335938,
-0.5454101562,
-1.2353515625,
-0.085144043,
-0.035369873,
-0.529296875,
-0.3015136719,
-1.138671875,
-0.5180664062,
-0.3872070312,
0.337890625,
-0.5131835938,
0.8818359375,
0.4262695312,
-0.1254882812,
0.78125,
-0.5688476562,
0.5258789062,
-0.296875,
0.384765625,
0.2553710938,
0.3395996094,
0.6298828125,
0.1396484375,
-0.4130859375,
0.7065429688,
-0.537109375,
0.6015625,
-1.376953125,
-0.2426757812,
-0.10546875,
0.0874633789,
0.0928955078,
-0.4479980469,
0.4362792969,
-0.1264648438,
-0.2121582031,
-1.7802734375,
-0.5952148438,
-0.0112457275,
0.79296875,
-0.2998046875,
-0.3186035156,
-0.1440429688,
-0.0854492188,
-0.416015625,
-1.0546875,
0.1177368164,
0.041809082,
-0.33203125,
-0.5795898438,
-0.1512451172,
0.1776123047,
-0.3837890625,
0.3767089844,
-0.0030078888,
-0.517578125,
-0.2683105469,
-0.8032226562,
0.521484375,
-1.7412109375,
-0.3366699219,
-0.2354736328,
0.9936523438,
0.0144500732,
0.76953125,
-0.3041992188,
-0.4897460938,
-1.03125,
-0.0532226562,
-0.7509765625,
-0.0377807617,
-0.3054199219,
0.1975097656,
0.3615722656,
0.2414550781,
-0.2685546875,
-0.5346679688,
-0.1767578125,
1.072265625,
-0.0888061523,
0.7568359375,
-0.3212890625,
0.9448242188,
0.0219421387,
-1.0341796875,
1.21875,
0.224609375,
0.0940551758,
1.171875,
0.2017822266,
-1.0576171875,
-0.3879394531,
-0.9692382812,
0.1553955078,
-0.4562988281,
0.4665527344,
0.5986328125,
-0.0112762451,
-0.3779296875,
-0.0308227539,
1.3466796875,
0.1965332031,
0.1989746094,
-0.810546875,
0.4479980469,
-1.03125,
-0.1939697266,
0.9033203125,
0.3068847656,
-0.5732421875,
0.97265625,
0.8920898438,
0.4560546875,
0.7182617188,
-0.6416015625,
-0.2095947266,
-0.057800293,
0.3830566406,
0.3742675781,
0.0310058594,
0.6625976562,
-0.1518554688,
1.328125,
0.0567016602,
-0.4057617188,
0.2717285156,
-0.5307617188,
0.8271484375,
-0.3854980469,
-0.0045394897,
-0.2131347656,
-2.283203125,
1.0234375,
-1.6982421875,
0.3837890625,
-0.1641845703,
0.9799804688,
0.9907226562,
0.1252441406,
0.2553710938,
0.0462646484,
-1.08203125,
-0.3000488281,
0.4462890625,
-0.1192626953,
0.0536499023,
-1.2099609375,
-0.2448730469,
-1.0947265625,
-0.7880859375,
-0.0807495117,
0.2504882812,
-0.7919921875,
-0.287109375,
-0.8051757812,
0.2875976562,
-0.1043701172,
0.4501953125,
0.3620605469,
0.3322753906,
0.2668457031,
-0.0491333008,
-0.2668457031,
-0.4670410156,
0.4008789062,
0.0195922852,
0.205078125,
0.625,
0.564453125,
-0.3044433594,
0.681640625,
0.8305664062,
-0.091796875,
0.2983398438,
-0.2120361328,
0.4516601562,
0.2951660156,
0.0852050781,
0.3659667969,
-0.036529541,
-0.5522460938,
-0.55078125,
-0.4069824219,
0.0938720703,
0.193359375,
-0.666015625,
-1.345703125,
-0.2445068359,
-0.5961914062,
-0.23046875,
-0.42578125,
-0.9252929688,
-0.83984375,
0.5610351562,
0.6782226562,
0.4829101562,
-0.4479980469,
-0.826171875,
0.67578125,
0.6860351562,
-0.0927734375,
-1.568359375,
0.2110595703,
-0.5356445312,
-0.2379150391,
0.150390625,
1.361328125,
-0.81640625,
0.0414428711,
0.7661132812,
1.607421875,
-0.0588378906,
0.2010498047,
0.6513671875,
0.1522216797,
0.0534667969,
-0.1085205078,
-1.1513671875,
-0.2626953125,
-0.3061523438,
-0.5620117188,
0.3764648438,
-1.4326171875,
-0.5102539062,
0.2517089844,
-0.4477539062,
-0.1235961914,
0.0923461914,
-0.1883544922,
0.3854980469,
0.5092773438,
-0.5190429688,
-0.1478271484,
0.7275390625,
0.4067382812,
-0.9555664062,
-0.5185546875,
0.1990966797,
0.5297851562,
0.9858398438,
0.0975952148,
0.0274810791,
0.3005371094,
-0.5556640625,
0.6655273438,
-0.028427124,
-0.0483093262,
0.0136032104,
-0.1453857422,
0.5327148438,
-0.5317382812,
-0.8759765625,
0.7416992188,
-0.1745605469,
0.537109375,
-0.8842773438,
-0.1535644531,
0.3657226562,
-0.3017578125,
-0.7836914062,
-0.0171051025,
0.13671875,
-1.216796875,
-0.4516601562,
-0.0725097656,
-0.728515625,
-0.2666015625,
-0.0993041992,
0.1225585938,
-0.2235107422,
-0.0225067139,
-0.0192108154,
0.0889282227,
-0.5888671875,
-0.2609863281,
0.1284179688,
0.5502929688,
1.0205078125,
-0.0341796875,
-0.3342285156,
-0.0106430054,
-0.1967773438,
0.1499023438,
-0.59375,
-0.841796875,
-1.0078125,
-0.2932128906,
-0.6435546875,
0.0360107422,
-0.6655273438,
-0.7329101562,
-0.3190917969,
-0.5581054688,
1.123046875,
-0.2025146484,
-0.5546875,
0.3715820312,
-0.5737304688,
-0.7177734375,
0.7978515625,
0.0953979492,
-0.5151367188,
-0.2749023438,
-0.5766601562,
0.2291259766,
-0.0304412842,
-1.130859375,
-0.4887695312,
-0.1950683594,
0.5434570312,
-0.8173828125,
-0.3073730469,
1.2529296875,
-0.0491333008,
0.6328125,
2.181640625,
-0.0247192383,
-0.2702636719,
-0.4052734375,
-0.0742797852,
0.677734375,
0.638671875,
-0.2719726562,
-0.8569335938,
0.0252532959,
-0.1128540039,
0.5170898438,
0.4143066406,
0.0968017578,
-0.7392578125,
1.1064453125,
-0.0237121582,
-0.3698730469,
0.7309570312,
-0.15234375,
-0.8032226562,
-0.46484375,
0.1881103516,
-1.0869140625,
-0.1600341797,
-0.0317687988,
0.9404296875,
0.4697265625,
0.3962402344,
-0.6650390625,
0.2758789062,
0.2386474609,
0.0697631836,
-0.4362792969,
-0.2634277344,
1.0048828125,
-0.1530761719,
0.7045898438,
0.8081054688,
-0.3356933594,
0.2459716797,
-0.6274414062,
0.5893554688,
0.1429443359,
-0.9125976562,
-0.0505981445,
0.4606933594,
1.064453125,
1.1904296875,
0.1677246094,
0.4833984375,
0.0523986816,
-0.0094223022,
-0.1892089844,
-0.4223632812,
0.018661499,
-0.6948242188,
-0.0456542969,
0.9892578125,
-1.53125,
-0.5458984375,
0.7045898438,
-1.3330078125,
-0.5913085938,
0.3852539062,
-0.0927124023,
-1.162109375,
0.0654907227,
-1.2216796875,
-0.1307373047,
-0.0506591797,
-0.2429199219,
0.3056640625,
0.2824707031,
1.517578125,
0.0469970703,
0.2680664062,
-0.1208496094,
0.380859375,
-0.7749023438,
-0.9052734375,
0.5366210938,
-0.9731445312,
-0.3522949219,
-0.0639648438,
0.2609863281,
0.1370849609,
0.734375,
0.1750488281,
0.0403137207,
-0.76953125,
0.2875976562,
-1.3740234375,
-0.2951660156,
0.4318847656,
0.2919921875,
-0.1400146484,
-1.1591796875,
0.3090820312,
0.4855957031,
0.4384765625,
0.1619873047,
0.59765625,
0.4860839844,
-0.3923339844,
-0.1918945312,
0.4741210938,
-0.1516113281,
-0.4294433594,
-0.9462890625,
0.6518554688,
0.8286132812,
-0.5629882812,
0.42578125,
0.5366210938,
-0.2288818359,
0.9204101562,
-0.5,
-0.1517333984,
0.5200195312,
0.1111450195,
-0.1571044922,
-0.8676757812,
0.2247314453,
1.1015625,
-0.2261962891,
-0.0131454468,
0.1500244141,
-0.0849609375,
-0.6303710938,
0.9565429688,
0.8891601562,
0.9682617188,
0.4602050781,
-0.2021484375,
0.5361328125,
-0.4072265625,
0.8798828125,
0.4260253906,
1.123046875,
0.9892578125,
-0.4331054688,
-0.830078125,
1.0537109375,
-1.32421875,
-0.2191162109,
1.0849609375,
0.0506896973,
0.0119552612,
-0.8305664062,
-0.1984863281,
-0.0662231445,
0.2717285156,
0.2956542969,
-0.7807617188,
-0.634765625,
-0.1588134766,
0.0650634766,
-0.1964111328,
-0.103515625,
0.5546875,
-0.9399414062,
-0.5283203125,
-0.4772949219,
-0.5615234375,
-0.9760742188,
0.3500976562,
0.2076416016,
-0.0425415039,
-0.3857421875,
-0.4653320312,
-0.7895507812,
0.732421875,
-0.1947021484,
-0.3706054688,
-0.2117919922,
-0.4252929688,
-0.073425293,
-0.2719726562,
0.4106445312,
-0.0740356445,
-0.9252929688,
-0.591796875,
-0.9580078125,
0.0445556641,
-0.0358276367,
0.091003418,
-0.0453796387,
0.5942382812,
-0.1218261719,
-1.02734375,
0.1325683594,
1.8916015625,
0.0195159912,
0.3266601562,
0.4301757812,
-1.3212890625,
0.5327148438,
0.8837890625,
-0.1429443359,
0.1107177734,
0.5107421875,
0.4074707031,
0.1239624023,
-0.6616210938,
-0.1909179688,
1.380859375,
-0.3034667969,
0.8701171875,
0.5786132812,
0.0237884521,
-0.2200927734,
0.1745605469,
-1.2802734375,
-0.4299316406,
-0.8530273438,
-0.26953125,
0.54296875,
1.2509765625,
0.5390625,
-0.0011453629,
0.4079589844,
-0.2205810547,
0.865234375,
0.732421875,
-0.609375,
0.2303466797,
-0.3237304688,
-0.8227539062,
-0.2712402344,
-0.5170898438,
1.28125,
0.3994140625,
0.027557373,
0.1572265625,
0.1580810547,
-0.1843261719,
0.4013671875,
0.533203125,
0.1076049805,
1.234375,
0.59765625,
-1.0537109375,
0.1512451172,
-0.2885742188,
0.3276367188,
0.6889648438,
-0.5551757812,
-0.4111328125,
-0.2409667969,
0.1258544922,
-0.8076171875,
0.2258300781,
0.1688232422,
1.14453125,
-0.2263183594,
0.1674804688,
-0.732421875,
-0.4599609375,
1.171875,
0.97265625,
-0.3166503906,
-0.2142333984,
-0.4875488281,
0.3503417969,
-0.2631835938,
-1.1474609375,
0.9291992188,
-0.2006835938,
0.1853027344,
-0.3857421875,
0.1035766602,
-0.5659179688,
0.6328125,
-0.7006835938,
0.0025157928,
-0.4099121094,
0.1413574219,
-0.0589904785,
0.1818847656,
-1.2734375,
0.2418212891,
-0.3359375,
0.6157226562,
0.0403747559,
0.1497802734,
-0.4099121094,
-0.5151367188,
-1.1826171875,
-0.9594726562,
0.1602783203,
0.7490234375,
-0.232421875,
0.990234375,
0.8930664062,
-0.0030708313,
-0.3857421875,
0.0656738281,
-1.244140625,
0.3481445312,
0.3562011719,
-0.2434082031,
0.1546630859,
-1.255859375,
-0.5288085938,
-0.4924316406,
0.4965820312,
0.0215911865,
0.9624023438,
-0.3928222656,
-0.54296875,
0.9951171875,
1.1689453125,
-0.4445800781,
-0.0649414062,
0.6303710938,
-0.3989257812,
-0.75390625,
0.2225341797,
1.2939453125,
0.7021484375,
-0.3623046875,
0.4555664062,
-0.4809570312,
-0.5166015625,
-0.2033691406,
0.1999511719,
-0.1549072266,
0.6044921875,
-0.3369140625,
0.6650390625,
-0.6459960938,
0.5249023438,
0.6220703125,
0.4155273438,
-0.9682617188,
-0.1552734375,
-0.6796875,
0.5942382812,
-0.3479003906,
1.0439453125,
0.9047851562,
0.220703125,
0.1325683594,
-1.0244140625,
0.4365234375,
0.6025390625,
-0.8286132812,
-0.3520507812,
-0.87109375,
-0.1593017578,
-0.8544921875,
1.1533203125,
0.01512146,
0.2172851562,
-0.1707763672,
-0.4973144531,
-0.703125,
0.3056640625,
0.4030761719,
-0.112487793,
0.3896484375,
-0.1409912109,
1.1806640625,
0.5869140625,
0.927734375,
0.5620117188,
-0.0106658936,
0.3093261719,
0.3198242188,
0.3305664062,
-0.2288818359,
0.3696289062,
0.6372070312,
-0.94921875,
-0.0821533203,
-0.6665039062,
-0.2354736328,
-0.0607299805,
-0.0687255859,
-0.4084472656,
1.5361328125,
-0.1690673828,
-0.9008789062,
0.0517578125,
0.4987792969,
0.8178710938,
0.9169921875,
-0.2585449219,
0.4772949219,
-0.6528320312,
-1.0439453125,
0.1815185547,
0.447265625,
0.112487793,
-0.693359375,
-0.4821777344,
0.2010498047,
-2.095703125,
-0.5698242188,
0.79296875,
0.4360351562,
0.4182128906,
-0.0126800537,
0.2736816406,
1.19921875,
0.5649414062,
0.8452148438,
0.1427001953,
0.0302124023,
0.0272521973,
-0.1401367188,
0.3208007812,
0.8491210938,
-0.2878417969,
0.1647949219,
-0.0377502441,
0.2111816406,
1.3564453125,
1.029296875,
0.5234375,
0.0679321289,
-1.359375,
-0.8896484375,
0.28515625,
1.0185546875,
0.44140625,
-0.1045532227,
0.3041992188,
1.3505859375,
0.3588867188,
0.2729492188,
0.6948242188,
-0.2763671875,
-0.2196044922,
-0.97265625,
0.5180664062,
0.6987304688,
0.1242675781,
0.4350585938,
0.935546875,
0.3420410156,
-0.3557128906,
-0.6323242188,
0.2819824219,
0.4431152344,
0.0818481445,
-0.2614746094,
-0.2468261719,
-0.5854492188,
0.20703125,
-0.1643066406,
-0.2507324219,
-0.54296875,
0.080078125,
0.548828125,
0.5419921875,
-0.21875,
0.1011962891,
-0.41796875,
0.6689453125,
-0.5751953125,
0.3330078125,
0.9975585938,
0.5419921875,
-0.0533752441,
-0.6767578125,
-0.5346679688,
-0.6196289062,
-0.2437744141,
-0.8642578125,
-0.3068847656,
-0.9555664062,
-1.0029296875,
0.0800170898,
0.4189453125,
0.1235961914,
0.9829101562,
-0.1743164062,
0.9189453125,
0.1176757812,
-0.3979492188,
-0.1139526367,
-0.7368164062,
0.8393554688,
0.2302246094,
0.908203125,
0.2822265625,
0.1506347656,
0.1705322266,
0.0997314453,
0.0848999023,
0.0679931641,
0.1052246094,
-0.2875976562,
0.638671875,
0.4885253906,
0.0878295898,
-0.0408630371,
0.1840820312,
0.1619873047,
-0.138671875,
-0.3322753906,
-0.2858886719,
-0.5834960938,
0.5317382812,
-0.0206604004,
-0.1936035156,
0.7543945312,
0.6274414062,
-0.3542480469,
-0.1398925781,
-0.330078125,
-0.1306152344,
-0.019744873,
0.0133285522,
1.6533203125,
-0.8872070312,
0.6064453125,
0.0526428223,
-0.3386230469,
-0.4040527344,
-0.056640625,
-0.3271484375,
-0.8159179688,
0.564453125,
0.5327148438,
-0.7890625,
-0.4450683594,
1.181640625,
0.9262695312,
-0.5971679688,
0.2780761719,
-0.0070152283,
0.1488037109,
-0.4914550781,
-13.8359375,
-1.7451171875,
-0.059173584,
-0.2529296875,
-1.0546875,
0.6025390625,
0.1495361328,
-0.7250976562,
-0.1094970703,
0.3356933594,
0.7436523438,
0.7309570312,
0.427734375,
-0.0186767578,
0.0565185547,
0.578125,
-0.6982421875,
-0.1661376953,
-1.08203125,
0.4475097656,
0.0717773438,
0.3227539062,
-0.1723632812,
0.2381591797,
-0.6630859375,
-0.7211914062,
0.56640625,
-0.055267334,
-0.0442199707,
0.9892578125,
-0.3256835938,
-0.1944580078,
-0.71875,
0.4201660156,
-0.3881835938,
-1.05078125,
0.4846191406,
0.3625488281,
-0.2983398438,
-0.1089477539,
-0.3728027344,
-0.3735351562,
0.104309082,
-0.4133300781,
0.1646728516,
0.8686523438,
0.2885742188,
-1.11328125,
-0.0218353271,
0.3012695312,
0.1005859375,
1.294921875,
-0.1024169922,
0.162109375,
-1.4833984375,
-0.1949462891,
-0.7001953125,
0.2091064453,
-0.462890625,
0.4504394531,
-0.2885742188,
0.712890625,
0.4562988281,
-0.0419311523,
0.0213775635,
-0.6391601562,
-0.7846679688,
-0.3002929688,
0.6440429688,
-0.0840454102,
0.5263671875,
-0.0122909546,
1.9873046875,
0.3386230469,
0.2624511719,
0.2279052734,
-0.6713867188,
0.0544128418,
0.0059318542,
0.4743652344,
-0.68359375,
-0.4755859375
] |
This was the memoir whose "supplement", dated January 1818, contained the method of superposing sinusoidal functions and the restatement of Malus's law in terms of amplitudes. In the same supplement, Fresnel reported his discovery that optical rotation could be emulated by passing the polarized light through a Fresnel rhomb (still in the form of "coupled prisms"), followed by an ordinary birefringent lamina sliced parallel to its axis, with the axis at 45° to the plane of reflection of the Fresnel rhomb, followed by a second Fresnel rhomb at 90° to the first. In a further memoir read on 30 March, Fresnel reported that if polarized light was fully "depolarized" by a Fresnel rhomb – now described as a parallelepiped – its properties were not further modified by a subsequent passage through an optically rotating medium or device. The connection between optical rotation and birefringence was further explained in 1822, in the memoir on elliptical and circular polarization. This was followed by the memoir on reflection, read in January 1823, in which Fresnel quantified the phase shifts in total internal reflection, and thence calculated the precise angle at which a Fresnel rhomb should be cut in order to convert linear polarization to circular polarization. For a refractive index of 1.51, there were two solutions: about 48.6° and 54.6°. Double refraction
Background: Uniaxial and biaxial crystals; Biot's laws
When light passes through a slice of calcite cut perpendicular to its optic axis, the difference between the propagation times of the ordinary and extraordinary waves has a second-order dependence on the angle of incidence. | [
-0.0950317383,
-0.3764648438,
0.3740234375,
-0.2087402344,
0.3076171875,
0.1717529297,
0.0347900391,
0.736328125,
0.9619140625,
0.1287841797,
-0.1831054688,
-0.1271972656,
0.6123046875,
-1.1630859375,
0.5786132812,
0.1019897461,
0.0394592285,
-0.9487304688,
-0.4392089844,
0.3439941406,
-0.1018066406,
-0.8706054688,
-1.2265625,
0.3718261719,
-1.837890625,
-0.2531738281,
0.1873779297,
-0.3708496094,
-0.6220703125,
-0.6030273438,
0.5200195312,
-0.1120605469,
-0.1566162109,
-0.5639648438,
-0.2098388672,
1.396484375,
-1.0625,
0.7055664062,
-0.4575195312,
-0.3203125,
0.4680175781,
-1.0634765625,
0.5717773438,
-0.9423828125,
-0.108215332,
0.4711914062,
0.6479492188,
-0.2019042969,
-0.5859375,
-1.181640625,
0.1706542969,
-0.9643554688,
-0.039276123,
-0.2504882812,
0.5102539062,
-1.2509765625,
0.8745117188,
-0.015914917,
0.2976074219,
0.3312988281,
-0.4572753906,
0.5766601562,
-0.0106964111,
-0.7690429688,
0.2521972656,
-0.8251953125,
-0.5043945312,
-0.4873046875,
-0.4775390625,
0.8315429688,
-1.0986328125,
0.3642578125,
-0.4291992188,
-0.8100585938,
-0.2834472656,
-0.5322265625,
-1.212890625,
-0.603515625,
0.7661132812,
0.1812744141,
-0.4611816406,
-0.4765625,
-0.4267578125,
-1.0234375,
-0.9614257812,
-0.0966796875,
0.6782226562,
-0.2814941406,
-1.2548828125,
1.1005859375,
0.4323730469,
-0.1275634766,
-0.0973510742,
0.6865234375,
0.0458374023,
-0.2266845703,
-0.60546875,
-2.298828125,
-0.8208007812,
-0.4948730469,
0.466796875,
-0.3173828125,
0.1798095703,
0.5229492188,
-0.1948242188,
1.029296875,
-0.0457763672,
0.0756225586,
-0.2917480469,
0.41015625,
-0.5078125,
-0.2292480469,
0.919921875,
0.2113037109,
0.104309082,
0.5356445312,
-0.8696289062,
0.1232910156,
-0.8017578125,
-0.1331787109,
0.419921875,
-0.5483398438,
-0.2602539062,
-0.0940551758,
0.63671875,
0.0330810547,
-0.83984375,
-1.05078125,
0.0542602539,
-0.2137451172,
-0.0568847656,
-0.6533203125,
0.1401367188,
-0.0114517212,
-0.1058349609,
-0.5952148438,
-1.400390625,
0.1148071289,
-0.3332519531,
-0.2436523438,
-0.6362304688,
0.3505859375,
0.3625488281,
-0.1005859375,
0.0390930176,
-0.6665039062,
-0.0224761963,
-0.0635986328,
0.1749267578,
0.7973632812,
-1.439453125,
-0.5825195312,
0.3510742188,
-0.2447509766,
-0.0168914795,
0.1893310547,
0.6889648438,
-0.1279296875,
-0.638671875,
-0.1076660156,
-0.6147460938,
-0.1575927734,
-0.7846679688,
0.7563476562,
-0.0598754883,
0.236328125,
-0.8754882812,
-1.0205078125,
-0.5810546875,
0.3395996094,
0.0331115723,
0.6811523438,
-0.3583984375,
0.4272460938,
0.0502319336,
-1.6640625,
1.0244140625,
0.2712402344,
0.3464355469,
0.75390625,
0.3198242188,
-0.6005859375,
-0.2213134766,
-0.6264648438,
0.5590820312,
-0.3818359375,
0.1750488281,
0.3276367188,
-0.4018554688,
-0.1513671875,
-0.1892089844,
0.810546875,
0.494140625,
-0.3737792969,
-0.8696289062,
0.423828125,
-1.0048828125,
0.2885742188,
0.3793945312,
0.0563049316,
-0.2418212891,
0.6381835938,
0.7788085938,
0.3039550781,
0.7416992188,
-0.6860351562,
0.4187011719,
0.2583007812,
0.4541015625,
-0.0230255127,
-0.0511779785,
0.908203125,
-0.1734619141,
0.7939453125,
0.3427734375,
-0.3525390625,
0.1116943359,
-0.4680175781,
0.73828125,
-0.9326171875,
-0.5336914062,
-0.0491943359,
-1.7470703125,
0.49609375,
-1.607421875,
-0.5717773438,
-0.2313232422,
1.2294921875,
0.5385742188,
0.1442871094,
-0.0469055176,
0.6103515625,
-1.03515625,
0.4411621094,
0.5659179688,
0.5029296875,
-0.3427734375,
-1.3779296875,
-0.4484863281,
-0.6254882812,
-0.4033203125,
0.1298828125,
-0.0510253906,
-0.6025390625,
0.0836181641,
-0.5625,
0.3452148438,
0.2108154297,
0.3161621094,
0.5356445312,
0.2419433594,
-0.1420898438,
-0.0179443359,
-0.6684570312,
0.3862304688,
0.8603515625,
-0.4165039062,
0.0791625977,
0.3786621094,
0.4504394531,
-0.0179290771,
0.5439453125,
0.7587890625,
-0.3679199219,
0.7412109375,
-0.3273925781,
0.5541992188,
0.5737304688,
-0.1358642578,
0.4829101562,
0.4260253906,
-0.5703125,
-0.8681640625,
-0.1912841797,
-0.1676025391,
0.9228515625,
-0.521484375,
-1.25,
-0.4260253906,
-0.1463623047,
0.2287597656,
-0.125,
-1.162109375,
-1.1748046875,
0.3774414062,
0.5229492188,
0.2305908203,
-0.6254882812,
-0.5087890625,
0.2895507812,
-0.0723266602,
-0.1201171875,
-0.9086914062,
0.1214599609,
-0.62890625,
-0.4733886719,
0.100769043,
0.5034179688,
-0.8095703125,
0.3957519531,
0.1811523438,
1.43359375,
-0.5146484375,
0.4265136719,
0.3049316406,
0.6879882812,
-0.4965820312,
-0.3381347656,
-0.728515625,
-0.0447387695,
0.2651367188,
-1.7998046875,
0.2504882812,
-0.8447265625,
-1.1318359375,
0.259765625,
-0.0885620117,
-0.0274353027,
0.69140625,
-0.4145507812,
-0.0397338867,
0.2770996094,
-0.1452636719,
-0.2683105469,
0.8056640625,
0.3474121094,
-0.6611328125,
-0.7456054688,
0.0176696777,
0.3444824219,
0.5463867188,
-0.1851806641,
-0.9526367188,
0.599609375,
-0.4384765625,
0.8706054688,
-0.0731201172,
0.1229248047,
-0.6987304688,
-0.3420410156,
0.1519775391,
-0.47265625,
-0.7895507812,
0.5473632812,
0.2626953125,
0.265625,
-0.8193359375,
0.0049285889,
0.525390625,
-0.3974609375,
-0.52734375,
-0.26171875,
-0.0269012451,
-1.041015625,
-0.1986083984,
0.662109375,
-0.8461914062,
-0.5561523438,
-0.3095703125,
0.2883300781,
-0.2121582031,
-0.2902832031,
-0.65625,
0.5087890625,
-0.5004882812,
-0.4267578125,
0.5239257812,
0.521484375,
1.1201171875,
0.2563476562,
-0.3015136719,
-0.494140625,
-0.8657226562,
-0.2438964844,
-0.1405029297,
-0.955078125,
-1.3525390625,
0.1175537109,
-0.7104492188,
-0.1654052734,
-1.16015625,
-0.7509765625,
-0.7856445312,
-0.458984375,
1.16796875,
0.0749511719,
-0.9169921875,
0.8540039062,
-0.9155273438,
0.3933105469,
0.6171875,
0.0897216797,
-0.384765625,
0.2032470703,
-0.2362060547,
-0.2585449219,
-0.1962890625,
-1.2939453125,
-1.1240234375,
0.1013183594,
-0.0139846802,
-1.109375,
-0.0845336914,
1.3212890625,
-0.2125244141,
-0.1915283203,
2.1796875,
-0.7744140625,
0.5361328125,
-0.2415771484,
-0.0968017578,
0.3256835938,
0.513671875,
-0.2348632812,
-1.6123046875,
0.0531921387,
0.2829589844,
0.71875,
0.1569824219,
-0.1151733398,
-0.1750488281,
0.8627929688,
0.4118652344,
-0.8876953125,
0.802734375,
-0.1315917969,
-0.8388671875,
0.1025390625,
-0.0189361572,
-1.1015625,
-0.2551269531,
-0.4973144531,
0.3603515625,
0.2819824219,
0.947265625,
-0.0803222656,
0.3210449219,
0.3388671875,
-0.0697021484,
-0.1351318359,
0.1391601562,
1.4130859375,
-0.1934814453,
0.591796875,
0.908203125,
0.2221679688,
0.4304199219,
-0.6674804688,
0.9194335938,
-0.1416015625,
-1.27734375,
-0.3186035156,
0.4367675781,
0.7163085938,
1.3212890625,
-0.7416992188,
0.1089477539,
0.1180419922,
-0.2568359375,
-0.208984375,
0.5830078125,
-0.4841308594,
-0.3039550781,
-0.2712402344,
0.9365234375,
-1.029296875,
-0.1456298828,
0.1320800781,
-0.59765625,
-0.0420227051,
-0.026550293,
0.0746459961,
-0.9877929688,
-0.654296875,
-0.6049804688,
0.20703125,
0.1713867188,
-0.3474121094,
0.0462341309,
-0.0677490234,
1.7197265625,
0.1331787109,
0.2690429688,
0.2469482422,
-0.2442626953,
-0.2087402344,
-0.5224609375,
0.048828125,
-0.7158203125,
-0.7646484375,
-0.4150390625,
0.3813476562,
0.150390625,
0.7690429688,
0.6166992188,
0.3422851562,
-0.7509765625,
-0.3859863281,
-1.7451171875,
-0.5283203125,
0.0028343201,
0.0081253052,
-0.5126953125,
-0.853515625,
0.1884765625,
1.142578125,
-0.1333007812,
0.0586853027,
0.4343261719,
0.849609375,
-0.4521484375,
-0.6040039062,
0.1060180664,
0.314453125,
-0.1033325195,
-0.4487304688,
-0.2521972656,
0.0134277344,
-0.5546875,
0.5478515625,
0.5258789062,
-0.1843261719,
1.2099609375,
-0.2849121094,
-1.2890625,
0.3515625,
0.2634277344,
-0.2846679688,
-0.6059570312,
0.4987792969,
0.8481445312,
0.2386474609,
-0.039276123,
0.3881835938,
-0.6533203125,
-0.5932617188,
0.6313476562,
1.0712890625,
1.2958984375,
0.2885742188,
-0.2802734375,
0.9077148438,
-0.0176239014,
0.6762695312,
0.8041992188,
1.759765625,
0.8178710938,
0.4528808594,
-0.9443359375,
1.0546875,
-0.8100585938,
-0.8754882812,
0.2895507812,
-0.3522949219,
0.1782226562,
-0.4794921875,
-0.6020507812,
-0.1419677734,
0.6962890625,
-0.0858764648,
-1.1376953125,
0.6669921875,
-0.1184082031,
-0.0979003906,
-0.0008444786,
-0.2054443359,
0.3876953125,
-0.9956054688,
-0.6640625,
0.1590576172,
-0.8608398438,
-0.65625,
0.447265625,
-0.3959960938,
0.1319580078,
-0.4921875,
-0.5747070312,
-0.732421875,
0.6743164062,
-0.51171875,
-0.2644042969,
-0.0583496094,
-0.0642089844,
0.0373840332,
-0.203125,
-0.1027832031,
0.2023925781,
-1.2255859375,
-0.4514160156,
-0.4377441406,
-0.0987548828,
-0.0767822266,
0.56640625,
-0.1674804688,
0.6938476562,
-0.0321655273,
-1.2578125,
-0.1627197266,
0.5053710938,
0.1781005859,
0.3757324219,
0.0308685303,
-1.2119140625,
0.5327148438,
0.5639648438,
0.0598144531,
0.5844726562,
0.7802734375,
0.3254394531,
0.0985717773,
0.0651245117,
0.0508728027,
1.55078125,
-0.4990234375,
0.3818359375,
-0.0238189697,
-0.1400146484,
-0.3142089844,
-0.0102462769,
-1.8798828125,
-0.8798828125,
-0.2646484375,
0.5014648438,
-0.03074646,
1.802734375,
-0.2351074219,
-0.5014648438,
0.3374023438,
-0.7612304688,
1.09765625,
0.7543945312,
-0.8955078125,
0.0159606934,
0.5307617188,
0.0385742188,
-0.6215820312,
-0.7358398438,
1.1181640625,
0.4873046875,
0.1112670898,
-0.2507324219,
-0.0345458984,
0.3859863281,
0.1728515625,
0.771484375,
0.1640625,
1.310546875,
1.06640625,
-0.9516601562,
0.2338867188,
0.0848388672,
0.6069335938,
0.1806640625,
-0.3708496094,
-0.6171875,
0.568359375,
0.2319335938,
-0.2473144531,
-0.1749267578,
0.0382385254,
0.8959960938,
-0.4338378906,
-0.3752441406,
-0.5302734375,
-0.0802001953,
0.9741210938,
0.7099609375,
-0.5322265625,
-0.3952636719,
-0.4438476562,
1.0888671875,
0.2432861328,
-1.001953125,
1.330078125,
-0.4072265625,
0.3981933594,
-0.4790039062,
0.1071166992,
-0.6235351562,
1.029296875,
-0.5307617188,
0.0451965332,
-0.7919921875,
0.0615844727,
0.8725585938,
-0.0368347168,
-0.9770507812,
0.013053894,
-0.8134765625,
1.126953125,
0.8203125,
-0.0836181641,
-0.5336914062,
-0.7084960938,
-1.2763671875,
-1.1298828125,
0.3161621094,
0.5825195312,
-0.5546875,
0.0398864746,
0.8662109375,
-0.2922363281,
-0.19140625,
-0.1254882812,
-1.115234375,
0.2780761719,
0.2291259766,
-0.1467285156,
-0.0722045898,
-1.0068359375,
-0.8139648438,
-0.4790039062,
0.4040527344,
-0.0776977539,
0.9526367188,
-0.2200927734,
-1.4541015625,
1.15625,
0.6547851562,
0.1291503906,
0.1723632812,
0.7084960938,
-0.0484008789,
-0.3393554688,
-0.5478515625,
1.408203125,
0.3688964844,
-0.595703125,
0.2690429688,
-0.6528320312,
-0.6811523438,
0.1726074219,
0.2408447266,
-0.1284179688,
0.3959960938,
-0.0537414551,
1.0068359375,
-0.1617431641,
1.359375,
0.7543945312,
0.2556152344,
-0.8408203125,
-0.1551513672,
-0.7729492188,
0.380859375,
-0.458984375,
0.5551757812,
0.8291015625,
0.3410644531,
0.1665039062,
-1.0888671875,
0.2482910156,
0.845703125,
0.3486328125,
-0.6293945312,
-1.0048828125,
0.0015964508,
-0.68359375,
0.9868164062,
0.3798828125,
-0.1486816406,
0.2473144531,
-0.2849121094,
0.0642700195,
-0.0446777344,
0.1628417969,
0.1589355469,
0.7739257812,
-0.3874511719,
1.28515625,
0.3935546875,
1.19921875,
-0.0203399658,
-0.986328125,
0.408203125,
-0.0894165039,
0.2629394531,
-1.201171875,
0.3093261719,
-0.25390625,
-1.1806640625,
0.1627197266,
-0.1463623047,
-0.1867675781,
-0.1771240234,
-0.0853271484,
-0.0771484375,
1.5439453125,
-0.1932373047,
-1.291015625,
0.0613098145,
0.3579101562,
0.5302734375,
1.046875,
0.3708496094,
0.1455078125,
-0.3005371094,
-0.5224609375,
0.8510742188,
0.0326538086,
0.6064453125,
-0.8740234375,
0.587890625,
0.3146972656,
-1.8701171875,
0.2468261719,
1.0107421875,
0.0983276367,
0.4240722656,
-0.0634765625,
0.751953125,
1.3779296875,
-0.1039428711,
0.4448242188,
-0.0174713135,
-0.0375976562,
-0.2360839844,
-0.4223632812,
0.4934082031,
1.1845703125,
0.1036376953,
0.36328125,
-0.1794433594,
-0.416015625,
1.8076171875,
0.990234375,
0.7543945312,
0.5522460938,
-0.6704101562,
-0.3310546875,
0.275390625,
0.71484375,
0.3215332031,
-0.2215576172,
0.537109375,
1.240234375,
0.2398681641,
0.5791015625,
0.1519775391,
0.1568603516,
0.26953125,
-1.41796875,
0.4206542969,
0.5498046875,
-0.1695556641,
0.9604492188,
0.5405273438,
-0.0111541748,
-0.5629882812,
-0.4831542969,
0.2189941406,
0.0034923553,
-0.626953125,
-0.69921875,
-0.5400390625,
-1.2001953125,
-0.0526733398,
0.0081634521,
0.2174072266,
-0.1180419922,
-0.1384277344,
0.4953613281,
0.2702636719,
-0.6943359375,
-0.6137695312,
-0.3000488281,
0.3083496094,
-0.0774536133,
-0.2060546875,
1.173828125,
1.1572265625,
0.0806884766,
-0.3928222656,
-0.7436523438,
-0.6430664062,
-0.5546875,
-1.3642578125,
-0.1463623047,
-0.8959960938,
-0.4243164062,
-0.0035953522,
0.0593261719,
0.3959960938,
1.08984375,
0.3759765625,
0.0304260254,
0.2021484375,
0.2651367188,
-0.4167480469,
-0.509765625,
0.6069335938,
-0.1981201172,
1.54296875,
0.5068359375,
0.0460205078,
-0.1231689453,
0.2563476562,
-0.4421386719,
0.3857421875,
0.2780761719,
-0.3149414062,
0.2531738281,
0.1376953125,
-0.0621643066,
-0.1953125,
-0.3781738281,
0.5522460938,
-0.9599609375,
0.2275390625,
-0.3400878906,
0.0530090332,
0.4438476562,
-0.6889648438,
0.0709228516,
1.3115234375,
0.7099609375,
0.775390625,
0.4194335938,
-0.1075439453,
0.3586425781,
0.1646728516,
0.065612793,
0.9399414062,
-0.6479492188,
0.77734375,
0.2249755859,
-0.3330078125,
-0.4333496094,
-0.0152740479,
-0.6577148438,
-0.5600585938,
1.046875,
0.4206542969,
-0.4187011719,
0.0396118164,
1.2041015625,
0.8940429688,
0.0352478027,
0.5869140625,
-0.1527099609,
-0.0107803345,
-0.2320556641,
-12.8984375,
-1.615234375,
-0.0580444336,
-0.1785888672,
-0.708984375,
0.6015625,
-0.1646728516,
-0.6489257812,
-0.028213501,
0.1362304688,
0.5815429688,
0.328125,
0.3159179688,
-0.74609375,
0.8491210938,
0.5063476562,
-0.1505126953,
-0.9418945312,
-0.8876953125,
-0.0221405029,
0.6547851562,
0.3647460938,
-1.150390625,
0.3198242188,
-0.3618164062,
0.3305664062,
0.8369140625,
-0.2390136719,
-0.1208496094,
1.5556640625,
-0.3117675781,
0.1341552734,
-1.1396484375,
0.3254394531,
-0.4631347656,
-0.666015625,
0.8525390625,
-0.0007810593,
-0.0231323242,
-0.1765136719,
-0.3662109375,
-0.8305664062,
-0.0333251953,
-0.63671875,
0.3596191406,
0.3767089844,
-0.2739257812,
-0.8701171875,
0.2122802734,
-0.1845703125,
0.022277832,
1.015625,
-0.5786132812,
-0.4233398438,
-1.080078125,
-0.3383789062,
-1.26953125,
0.7099609375,
-0.0980224609,
0.018157959,
0.0870361328,
1.15625,
0.3876953125,
-0.0711669922,
-0.4167480469,
-0.4526367188,
-0.4938964844,
-1.009765625,
0.4411621094,
-0.2010498047,
1.255859375,
-0.4577636719,
1.8564453125,
0.3720703125,
0.1733398438,
0.8979492188,
-0.4506835938,
-0.0401306152,
-0.529296875,
0.58984375,
-0.0718994141,
-0.0717773438
] |
If the slice is observed in a highly convergent cone of light, that dependence becomes significant, so that a chromatic-polarization experiment will show a pattern of concentric rings. But most minerals, when observed in this manner, show a more complicated pattern of rings involving two foci and a lemniscate curve, as if they had two optic axes. The two classes of minerals naturally become known as uniaxal and biaxal—or, in later literature, uniaxial and biaxial. In 1813, Brewster observed the simple concentric pattern in "beryl, emerald, ruby &c." The same pattern was later observed in calcite by Wollaston, Biot, and Seebeck. Biot, assuming that the concentric pattern was the general case, tried to calculate the colors with his theory of chromatic polarization, and succeeded better for some minerals than for others. In 1818, Brewster belatedly explained why: seven of the twelve minerals employed by Biot had the lemniscate pattern, which Brewster had observed as early as 1812; and the minerals with the more complicated rings also had a more complicated law of refraction. In a uniform crystal, according to Huygens's theory, the secondary wavefront that expands from the origin in unit time is the ray-velocity surface—that is, the surface whose "distance" from the origin in any direction is the ray velocity in that direction. | [
-0.0177764893,
-0.2788085938,
0.6225585938,
0.7407226562,
0.5004882812,
0.146484375,
-0.1602783203,
-0.1282958984,
0.4592285156,
0.7104492188,
-0.4213867188,
0.1748046875,
-0.2095947266,
-0.2819824219,
0.2646484375,
-0.0558776855,
-0.1579589844,
-0.8276367188,
-0.1173706055,
0.3425292969,
-0.1826171875,
-0.546875,
-0.8793945312,
0.0888061523,
-0.6450195312,
-0.0513916016,
0.3278808594,
-1.119140625,
0.2358398438,
-0.251953125,
-0.8017578125,
-0.2333984375,
-0.68359375,
-0.1491699219,
-0.5502929688,
0.2409667969,
-0.3967285156,
-0.2119140625,
-0.1949462891,
0.2985839844,
-0.2507324219,
0.2746582031,
-0.2244873047,
-0.1611328125,
0.3542480469,
-0.2457275391,
0.2761230469,
0.0362243652,
0.0541992188,
-0.5888671875,
-0.41796875,
-0.9814453125,
-0.0320129395,
0.3562011719,
-0.4304199219,
-0.8999023438,
0.7192382812,
0.1580810547,
-0.0021018982,
-0.541015625,
-0.6318359375,
0.1849365234,
0.2265625,
-0.3974609375,
0.8422851562,
-0.4418945312,
-0.2177734375,
0.1885986328,
-0.185546875,
0.2592773438,
-0.4748535156,
-0.3461914062,
-0.1706542969,
-0.8413085938,
-1.140625,
0.2235107422,
-1.173828125,
-0.609375,
0.2932128906,
-0.025970459,
-0.2561035156,
-0.6376953125,
-0.7919921875,
-0.4760742188,
-0.564453125,
-0.7841796875,
0.4038085938,
-0.1262207031,
-1.4609375,
1.994140625,
-0.3803710938,
-0.2219238281,
-1.5390625,
0.0992431641,
-0.1431884766,
0.494140625,
-0.0739746094,
-1.5009765625,
-1.212890625,
0.0520324707,
0.3513183594,
-1.40234375,
0.9438476562,
0.5068359375,
-0.4846191406,
1.6279296875,
-0.3178710938,
-0.4365234375,
-0.0150756836,
0.763671875,
0.1751708984,
0.0149078369,
0.6376953125,
-0.2619628906,
0.4499511719,
0.5712890625,
-0.8125,
-0.310546875,
0.0955200195,
-0.9643554688,
0.7290039062,
0.4936523438,
0.3129882812,
-0.2741699219,
0.7578125,
0.6616210938,
-0.7504882812,
-0.2685546875,
-0.3212890625,
-0.1527099609,
0.3405761719,
-0.2203369141,
0.2313232422,
0.2543945312,
-0.0006322861,
-0.5390625,
-0.3444824219,
-0.00573349,
0.5239257812,
-0.6416015625,
-0.4343261719,
0.4736328125,
1,
-0.1229248047,
-0.0970458984,
0.1311035156,
0.0024604797,
0.2841796875,
-0.4038085938,
0.1767578125,
-1.154296875,
-0.5,
-0.3012695312,
-0.0951538086,
-0.6240234375,
-0.2083740234,
-0.3923339844,
-0.2371826172,
-0.736328125,
-0.7333984375,
-0.861328125,
-0.2264404297,
-0.110534668,
0.3254394531,
-0.1995849609,
1.13671875,
-0.4724121094,
-0.9633789062,
-0.1380615234,
0.3747558594,
-1.0458984375,
0.3801269531,
0.5698242188,
0.3854980469,
-0.5668945312,
-0.1956787109,
0.7919921875,
-0.673828125,
-0.4030761719,
0.8500976562,
-0.2025146484,
-0.3034667969,
-0.086730957,
-0.943359375,
0.0767822266,
-0.2453613281,
0.2271728516,
0.7387695312,
-0.083190918,
-0.4694824219,
0.1511230469,
0.2702636719,
0.1115112305,
0.1258544922,
-0.6459960938,
-0.642578125,
-0.5083007812,
-0.564453125,
0.2897949219,
0.3432617188,
-0.3103027344,
0.421875,
0.2856445312,
-0.1205444336,
0.0302276611,
-0.595703125,
0.7197265625,
-0.2359619141,
0.3312988281,
-0.1942138672,
-0.5727539062,
0.0131759644,
-0.4965820312,
0.6728515625,
0.9453125,
-0.091003418,
-0.0183563232,
-0.291015625,
0.1447753906,
-0.5415039062,
0.0653686523,
0.2585449219,
-1.8623046875,
-0.1868896484,
-0.8813476562,
-0.4562988281,
0.537109375,
1.3642578125,
0.4467773438,
-0.2883300781,
-0.5786132812,
-0.0731811523,
-0.5205078125,
-0.2264404297,
-0.3210449219,
1.3740234375,
-0.1298828125,
-1.751953125,
-0.8232421875,
-0.5009765625,
0.0566711426,
0.5981445312,
0.3735351562,
-0.1306152344,
-0.0379333496,
-0.7158203125,
-0.1469726562,
-0.5932617188,
-0.3227539062,
0.6528320312,
-0.2062988281,
-0.0917358398,
-0.3693847656,
0.1455078125,
-0.201171875,
0.94140625,
-0.76953125,
-0.0458679199,
0.8974609375,
0.1334228516,
-0.0905151367,
0.5185546875,
0.5825195312,
-0.0538024902,
0.3269042969,
-0.4951171875,
0.26953125,
0.1961669922,
0.1339111328,
-0.2648925781,
-0.1599121094,
-0.50390625,
0.7084960938,
-0.3076171875,
0.0239257812,
0.2067871094,
0.2025146484,
-0.830078125,
-1.0009765625,
-0.3583984375,
0.4733886719,
-0.52734375,
-0.3564453125,
-1.4365234375,
0.6040039062,
1.046875,
0.9848632812,
0.1531982422,
-0.5551757812,
0.1906738281,
-0.916015625,
-0.7451171875,
-0.86328125,
0.3068847656,
-0.2822265625,
-0.822265625,
0.8803710938,
-0.0361022949,
-0.4948730469,
0.0538635254,
0.5083007812,
0.8500976562,
0.0138320923,
0.1895751953,
0.5766601562,
0.2905273438,
-0.1674804688,
-0.3203125,
-0.89453125,
-0.2529296875,
-0.1004638672,
-0.2897949219,
0.4978027344,
-1.1923828125,
-0.5737304688,
0.3271484375,
-0.0643920898,
-0.9165039062,
0.055480957,
-0.0147094727,
0.3955078125,
-0.0102005005,
-0.3610839844,
-0.3598632812,
1.1611328125,
0.9760742188,
-0.53125,
-1.33984375,
-0.02394104,
0.6220703125,
1.1259765625,
0.5581054688,
-0.2944335938,
1.2841796875,
-0.3232421875,
0.4609375,
0.7314453125,
-0.3444824219,
-0.6962890625,
0.4645996094,
-0.0190887451,
-0.4965820312,
-0.0479125977,
0.8520507812,
-0.1513671875,
-0.1392822266,
-1.4755859375,
-0.3654785156,
0.4760742188,
-0.1751708984,
0.5991210938,
0.1499023438,
0.0339660645,
-0.4873046875,
-0.3532714844,
-0.3168945312,
-0.5112304688,
-0.1999511719,
-0.0354003906,
-0.0318603516,
-0.4487304688,
-0.4519042969,
-0.8134765625,
-0.6137695312,
-0.8603515625,
0.0942993164,
-0.0384521484,
0.6943359375,
1.056640625,
-0.5454101562,
-0.3322753906,
-0.0134048462,
-0.1400146484,
0.0353088379,
-1.216796875,
-1.146484375,
-0.625,
-0.0419921875,
-0.9877929688,
-0.0044403076,
0.1518554688,
0.1096801758,
-0.9111328125,
-0.9760742188,
0.9418945312,
0.7954101562,
-1.2919921875,
0.6782226562,
-1.0078125,
0.3039550781,
0.6611328125,
-0.0980834961,
-0.5258789062,
0.3820800781,
-0.2408447266,
0.1205444336,
-0.4929199219,
-1.1005859375,
0.0004820824,
-0.7924804688,
-0.30078125,
-0.5688476562,
-1.033203125,
0.5122070312,
-0.2456054688,
-0.3774414062,
1.3076171875,
0.2507324219,
0.1961669922,
0.3986816406,
-0.3857421875,
0.1840820312,
-0.2707519531,
0.96484375,
-0.8017578125,
-0.2178955078,
0.458984375,
0.1584472656,
-0.087097168,
-0.0739135742,
-1.0419921875,
0.1722412109,
0.0170135498,
-0.5888671875,
0.5688476562,
0.1489257812,
0.0335083008,
-0.1376953125,
0.2998046875,
-0.6176757812,
0.0755615234,
0.4536132812,
0.26171875,
0.9008789062,
0.3342285156,
0.0393981934,
-0.0319519043,
0.2600097656,
0.2082519531,
-0.5571289062,
-0.3520507812,
0.3149414062,
-0.2496337891,
0.1732177734,
1.00390625,
0.544921875,
-0.3835449219,
-0.2971191406,
0.5693359375,
-1.244140625,
-0.4213867188,
0.5874023438,
-0.0610656738,
0.2045898438,
1.1923828125,
-0.3073730469,
0.1979980469,
-0.01197052,
0.9140625,
-0.0722045898,
-0.3395996094,
0.2629394531,
-0.0401611328,
0.5131835938,
-0.004032135,
-1.0732421875,
-0.5893554688,
1.1474609375,
-0.5649414062,
-0.3454589844,
0.2424316406,
0.71484375,
-0.9389648438,
-0.2587890625,
-0.1910400391,
0.4423828125,
0.1696777344,
-0.3779296875,
0.027130127,
0.5615234375,
1.2587890625,
1.0888671875,
0.1090087891,
-0.3864746094,
-0.4753417969,
0.423828125,
-0.5854492188,
0.490234375,
-0.2117919922,
0.21875,
0.3991699219,
-0.0061531067,
0.6552734375,
-0.1401367188,
0.5209960938,
-0.8120117188,
-0.9248046875,
0.4680175781,
-1.2666015625,
0.0596313477,
0.1177368164,
0.065246582,
-0.0444030762,
0.310546875,
-0.4265136719,
1.044921875,
0.5185546875,
-0.0627441406,
1.6435546875,
0.6948242188,
-0.1068725586,
0.0384216309,
0.4694824219,
0.5498046875,
-0.0186004639,
-0.6821289062,
1.0205078125,
0.2457275391,
-0.693359375,
1.1484375,
1.2900390625,
-0.3850097656,
0.6694335938,
-0.7055664062,
-0.2307128906,
0.8422851562,
-0.673828125,
-0.2807617188,
-0.4350585938,
0.1341552734,
0.97265625,
-0.3776855469,
0.2719726562,
0.4990234375,
-0.1281738281,
0.0305023193,
0.8071289062,
1.01953125,
0.2213134766,
0.3681640625,
0.053314209,
1.3505859375,
-0.2849121094,
0.4626464844,
0.7211914062,
0.9345703125,
0.7890625,
-0.3525390625,
0.1221313477,
0.2235107422,
-0.1372070312,
-0.5537109375,
0.74609375,
0.2025146484,
-0.1553955078,
-0.7436523438,
-0.1400146484,
-0.5,
0.3752441406,
0.3090820312,
-0.9892578125,
0.3637695312,
-0.3813476562,
0.2973632812,
-0.1896972656,
-0.83984375,
-0.0994873047,
-0.4079589844,
-0.431640625,
0.0625,
-0.3684082031,
-1.7734375,
0.2036132812,
-0.58203125,
-0.3747558594,
-0.4406738281,
-0.087097168,
-0.5908203125,
0.7529296875,
0.0776977539,
0.0633544922,
-0.1578369141,
-0.0789794922,
-1.076171875,
0.4645996094,
0.8559570312,
-0.058807373,
-1.7568359375,
-0.7055664062,
-0.16015625,
0.1823730469,
-0.6396484375,
0.681640625,
-0.4045410156,
0.5361328125,
-0.0421447754,
-0.6811523438,
0.0872192383,
0.544921875,
-0.1833496094,
0.484375,
0.1877441406,
-0.6787109375,
0.0275115967,
0.5107421875,
0.2622070312,
0.2474365234,
-0.1489257812,
-0.3508300781,
0.0887451172,
-0.0603942871,
-0.0278320312,
1.7451171875,
-0.4108886719,
-0.2746582031,
0.4592285156,
0.2498779297,
-0.513671875,
-0.0179290771,
-1.4853515625,
-0.1759033203,
0.6127929688,
0.3840332031,
1.44140625,
1.056640625,
0.4753417969,
0.1806640625,
0.3203125,
-0.3215332031,
-0.6499023438,
0.599609375,
-0.7509765625,
-0.2868652344,
-0.0117416382,
0.0659790039,
-0.3364257812,
0.0800170898,
1.029296875,
0.4526367188,
-0.1976318359,
0.3466796875,
0.6245117188,
-0.3435058594,
-0.0719604492,
-0.000743866,
-0.2700195312,
1.0146484375,
0.4790039062,
-0.7553710938,
0.3024902344,
0.2749023438,
0.4514160156,
1.23046875,
-0.7177734375,
0.0314025879,
-0.3356933594,
0.6005859375,
-0.2800292969,
-0.1127319336,
0.1574707031,
0.5078125,
0.3220214844,
0.5356445312,
0.2495117188,
-0.1217041016,
1.2158203125,
0.2602539062,
0.1851806641,
-0.2075195312,
-0.3659667969,
0.4284667969,
-0.2902832031,
-0.7856445312,
0.9140625,
-0.5698242188,
-0.0999755859,
-0.3156738281,
-0.7685546875,
-0.2058105469,
0.4880371094,
-0.5834960938,
0.466796875,
-0.3605957031,
0.9145507812,
0.3166503906,
-0.0882568359,
-2.125,
-0.0563049316,
-0.8984375,
0.494140625,
0.4951171875,
-0.0213165283,
0.4978027344,
-1.1640625,
-1.419921875,
-1.0537109375,
0.50390625,
0.634765625,
-1.8623046875,
-0.4150390625,
0.5336914062,
-0.3552246094,
-0.0828857422,
-0.0881958008,
-0.1268310547,
0.5473632812,
0.3962402344,
-0.8359375,
-0.1710205078,
-0.712890625,
-0.7001953125,
-0.63671875,
0.9375,
-0.0050697327,
0.9384765625,
-0.2094726562,
-0.9926757812,
1.384765625,
0.513671875,
-0.0757446289,
0.1387939453,
0.6821289062,
0.3894042969,
-0.4462890625,
-0.1275634766,
1.205078125,
-0.1505126953,
0.3503417969,
0.3747558594,
-0.4038085938,
-0.72265625,
-0.85546875,
0.1661376953,
-0.2220458984,
0.765625,
-0.3471679688,
0.2467041016,
0.0390014648,
0.2521972656,
0.6064453125,
0.0127563477,
-0.765625,
0.0425415039,
-0.0735473633,
-0.3986816406,
0.2124023438,
0.9755859375,
0.3747558594,
-0.2205810547,
-0.3181152344,
-1.677734375,
0.2302246094,
0.6123046875,
0.5009765625,
0.0441894531,
-0.7426757812,
-0.5708007812,
-0.4599609375,
0.7119140625,
0.0054283142,
0.2318115234,
0.0378112793,
-0.4738769531,
-0.011932373,
-0.8955078125,
0.0266723633,
0.7543945312,
0.071472168,
0.3095703125,
0.525390625,
-0.1440429688,
1.3564453125,
-0.2059326172,
-0.3276367188,
-0.0932617188,
-0.0433654785,
-0.3464355469,
-1.4296875,
0.5146484375,
0.2464599609,
-0.9736328125,
-0.3383789062,
-0.6689453125,
-0.6606445312,
0.2309570312,
0.1619873047,
0.1778564453,
1.791015625,
-0.6630859375,
-0.984375,
0.2741699219,
0.0648803711,
0.7216796875,
0.96484375,
0.2413330078,
-0.1730957031,
-0.3298339844,
-0.8432617188,
-0.6318359375,
-0.3459472656,
0.4270019531,
-1.07421875,
0.0364074707,
-0.8920898438,
-1.001953125,
0.3090820312,
0.1206665039,
0.2437744141,
0.3505859375,
0.2705078125,
0.3500976562,
-0.0971679688,
-0.4406738281,
-0.2856445312,
0.2456054688,
-0.8286132812,
0.1113891602,
-0.5102539062,
0.248046875,
0.1014404297,
-0.0520324707,
-0.067565918,
-0.1229858398,
0.0202331543,
1.525390625,
1.2734375,
-0.3530273438,
0.455078125,
-0.4367675781,
-0.3237304688,
0.720703125,
0.4553222656,
0.1311035156,
-0.2749023438,
0.7016601562,
1.0146484375,
1.1923828125,
0.1585693359,
0.6108398438,
-0.30078125,
0.8149414062,
-1.7587890625,
0.62890625,
0.2683105469,
0.2685546875,
0.48828125,
0.5732421875,
0.6459960938,
-0.1771240234,
-0.662109375,
0.0248260498,
-0.0057525635,
0.3657226562,
0.3520507812,
0.2264404297,
-0.1864013672,
-0.1331787109,
-0.1877441406,
-0.3132324219,
-0.2111816406,
0.2268066406,
-0.0205535889,
0.7407226562,
0.0390014648,
0.1353759766,
-0.1940917969,
-0.0005950928,
-0.0173492432,
0.4743652344,
0.6000976562,
0.5971679688,
-0.1896972656,
-0.2008056641,
-0.720703125,
-0.2546386719,
-0.3984375,
-0.34765625,
-0.0334472656,
-1.189453125,
-0.0566101074,
0.4865722656,
-0.1034545898,
0.6474609375,
0.4436035156,
1.48828125,
0.5048828125,
-0.2446289062,
-0.0197906494,
-0.4963378906,
-1.78515625,
0.0897216797,
0.1485595703,
1.0390625,
0.0740966797,
-0.2139892578,
-0.2531738281,
-0.2197265625,
0.296875,
0.1212768555,
-0.1078491211,
0.0712280273,
0.3583984375,
0.8984375,
0.028137207,
0.5073242188,
0.098815918,
0.140625,
-0.8559570312,
0.4953613281,
-0.5493164062,
-0.4541015625,
0.3115234375,
-0.0291595459,
0.3977050781,
1.361328125,
0.8295898438,
-0.0578308105,
-0.3286132812,
0.2406005859,
0.0301971436,
0.2504882812,
-0.6879882812,
0.85546875,
-0.0249786377,
0.3605957031,
0.533203125,
-0.3212890625,
-0.4912109375,
0.2208251953,
-0.4240722656,
-0.0810546875,
1.484375,
0.4221191406,
-0.6826171875,
-0.0484313965,
0.8212890625,
0.7177734375,
-0.8984375,
0.5092773438,
-0.1244506836,
0.4267578125,
-0.1840820312,
-14.3046875,
-1.5126953125,
0.9565429688,
-0.681640625,
-1.0126953125,
0.3349609375,
0.1669921875,
-0.9672851562,
0.1499023438,
-0.3366699219,
-0.3854980469,
0.712890625,
0.0893554688,
-1.2470703125,
0.1994628906,
-0.1916503906,
-0.0905761719,
-0.0300445557,
-0.37890625,
0.4067382812,
0.1060180664,
0.7426757812,
-0.0853271484,
0.5913085938,
-1.291015625,
0.2595214844,
0.4772949219,
-0.0947265625,
-0.2575683594,
0.6806640625,
-0.6293945312,
0.0625610352,
-0.7822265625,
0.2158203125,
-0.1804199219,
-0.0924682617,
0.1666259766,
-0.5502929688,
-0.6923828125,
-0.3481445312,
-0.5981445312,
-0.62890625,
-0.0081253052,
0.2199707031,
-0.1226806641,
0.1306152344,
0.1353759766,
-0.5053710938,
-0.3754882812,
-0.1444091797,
0.1970214844,
1.875,
0.3166503906,
0.3862304688,
-0.791015625,
0.3251953125,
-1.58984375,
-0.1756591797,
-0.6372070312,
-0.3513183594,
-0.78125,
1.0087890625,
0.3996582031,
0.3203125,
-0.4194335938,
-0.5791015625,
-0.1628417969,
-0.0903930664,
-1.3173828125,
-0.09765625,
0.4155273438,
0.3615722656,
1.146484375,
-0.1822509766,
0.3889160156,
0.529296875,
0.439453125,
0.2756347656,
0.4377441406,
1.1982421875,
-0.5883789062,
-0.0389099121
] |
In calcite, this surface is two-sheeted, consisting of a sphere (for the ordinary wave) and an oblate spheroid (for the extraordinary wave) touching each other at opposite points of a common axis—touching at the north and south poles, if we may use a geographic analogy. But according to Malus's corpuscular theory of double refraction, the ray velocity was proportional to the reciprocal of that given by Huygens's theory, in which case the velocity law was of the form
where and were the ordinary and extraordinary ray velocities according to the corpuscular theory, and was the angle between the ray and the optic axis. By Malus's definition, the plane of polarization of a ray was the plane of the ray and the optic axis if the ray was ordinary, or the perpendicular plane (containing the ray) if the ray was extraordinary. In Fresnel's model, the direction of vibration was normal to the plane of polarization. Hence, for the sphere (the ordinary wave), the vibration was along the lines of latitude (continuing the geographic analogy); and for the spheroid (the extraordinary wave), the vibration was along the lines of longitude. On 29 March 1819, Biot presented a memoir in which he proposed simple generalizations of Malus's rules for a crystal with two axes, and reported that both generalizations seemed to be confirmed by experiment. For the velocity law, the squared sine was replaced by the product of the sines of the angles from the ray to the two axes (Biot's sine law). | [
-0.578125,
-0.2993164062,
0.7211914062,
-0.0343322754,
-0.0758056641,
0.2844238281,
0.6772460938,
0.0529174805,
0.8325195312,
0.4821777344,
-0.1889648438,
-0.8149414062,
0.3334960938,
-0.4057617188,
0.3427734375,
-0.1827392578,
-0.603515625,
-0.3337402344,
-0.0539245605,
0.109375,
-0.7524414062,
-0.626953125,
-1.0322265625,
-0.38671875,
-1.2236328125,
0.0356750488,
0.7709960938,
0.0282287598,
0.5668945312,
-0.5595703125,
-0.0310821533,
-0.0393676758,
0.4287109375,
-0.4565429688,
0.2614746094,
1.2109375,
-0.8901367188,
0.7045898438,
-0.1065063477,
-0.0714111328,
-0.1859130859,
-0.6982421875,
-0.0103988647,
-0.5634765625,
0.8793945312,
-0.1536865234,
0.4064941406,
0.2954101562,
-0.4851074219,
-1.4677734375,
-0.2176513672,
-0.2365722656,
-0.1466064453,
-0.0033760071,
-0.3754882812,
-1.26953125,
-0.044128418,
0.0895996094,
-0.3564453125,
0.3337402344,
-0.3701171875,
0.6440429688,
-0.15625,
-0.7592773438,
0.5024414062,
-0.2293701172,
-0.2609863281,
-0.5610351562,
-0.1233520508,
0.2844238281,
-0.5981445312,
0.5834960938,
0.1030883789,
-0.91796875,
-0.681640625,
-0.48046875,
-1.658203125,
0.1275634766,
-0.0188751221,
0.4819335938,
-0.4499511719,
-0.7661132812,
-0.5537109375,
-0.8940429688,
-0.5068359375,
-0.049407959,
0.2492675781,
0.4135742188,
-1.5029296875,
1.572265625,
0.0759887695,
-0.3786621094,
-0.5463867188,
0.4990234375,
0.034576416,
0.5717773438,
-0.0264434814,
-2.138671875,
-0.7280273438,
-0.2239990234,
0.5327148438,
-0.4711914062,
0.6098632812,
0.2403564453,
0.0584716797,
0.9716796875,
-0.8237304688,
-0.4809570312,
0.3911132812,
0.4230957031,
-0.8442382812,
-0.5361328125,
0.7802734375,
0.2736816406,
-0.0787963867,
0.7138671875,
-0.509765625,
-0.361328125,
-0.0841064453,
0.3603515625,
0.6870117188,
-0.2302246094,
0.427734375,
-0.1379394531,
0.045715332,
0.998046875,
-0.065246582,
-0.8618164062,
0.4760742188,
0.0085449219,
0.096862793,
-0.2233886719,
0.2846679688,
0.6166992188,
-0.4404296875,
-0.0868530273,
-0.6435546875,
-0.0575256348,
0.4907226562,
-0.4780273438,
0.3017578125,
0.6826171875,
0.1340332031,
0.4968261719,
0.3791503906,
-0.1838378906,
-0.5600585938,
0.0750732422,
-0.4423828125,
0.154296875,
-0.9291992188,
-0.4340820312,
-0.1252441406,
-0.3774414062,
-0.2058105469,
0.423828125,
-0.0414123535,
0.2705078125,
-0.7475585938,
-0.9189453125,
-0.693359375,
0.4484863281,
-0.6474609375,
0.1206054688,
0.0486450195,
0.3227539062,
-0.994140625,
-0.5766601562,
-0.3605957031,
0.0381164551,
-0.4914550781,
0.3017578125,
0.2734375,
-0.2778320312,
-0.3137207031,
-0.71484375,
0.685546875,
-0.2109375,
-0.1899414062,
0.7338867188,
0.2178955078,
-0.4467773438,
0.2308349609,
-0.9057617188,
0.2303466797,
-0.7182617188,
0.4399414062,
0.3984375,
-0.4462890625,
-0.6904296875,
-1.1298828125,
0.7543945312,
-0.2268066406,
-0.7578125,
-0.4409179688,
0.41796875,
-1.09765625,
-0.2509765625,
0.3410644531,
-0.1782226562,
0.3024902344,
0.619140625,
0.8994140625,
0.705078125,
0.4450683594,
-0.3286132812,
0.9233398438,
0.1901855469,
1.0556640625,
0.0825805664,
-0.2120361328,
-0.3754882812,
-0.2934570312,
0.3525390625,
0.7260742188,
-0.2392578125,
0.0307159424,
0.2607421875,
0.60546875,
-1.0693359375,
-0.0832519531,
0.37890625,
-1.25,
0.423828125,
-0.7622070312,
-0.8471679688,
0.0224761963,
1.123046875,
0.83203125,
-0.0573425293,
-0.7109375,
-0.2045898438,
-1.484375,
-0.3515625,
0.3540039062,
0.9755859375,
-0.1977539062,
-1.8310546875,
-0.7202148438,
-0.7065429688,
-0.228515625,
0.0723266602,
0.1650390625,
0.2512207031,
-0.0726318359,
-0.9887695312,
0.828125,
0.0888671875,
-0.0744628906,
0.7348632812,
-0.2354736328,
-0.1611328125,
0.0635986328,
-0.2556152344,
-0.544921875,
0.6416015625,
-0.0619506836,
-0.2746582031,
0.2274169922,
0.6743164062,
-0.1030273438,
0.2078857422,
1.2294921875,
-0.7680664062,
0.6201171875,
-0.6826171875,
0.67578125,
0.1243286133,
-0.0301971436,
0.451171875,
0.62109375,
-0.7016601562,
-0.1333007812,
0.1892089844,
0.4619140625,
0.8940429688,
-0.2421875,
-1.4248046875,
0.0094146729,
-0.3645019531,
0.4206542969,
-0.0005493164,
-0.951171875,
-0.529296875,
0.7319335938,
0.6196289062,
0.4948730469,
-0.583984375,
0.0853271484,
1.029296875,
-0.2590332031,
-0.771484375,
-0.7954101562,
0.5161132812,
0.4758300781,
-0.2951660156,
0.0124359131,
-0.5708007812,
-0.4619140625,
-0.8232421875,
0.4826660156,
0.9931640625,
-0.5043945312,
0.0390625,
0.5859375,
1.1318359375,
-0.6264648438,
-0.12109375,
-0.3918457031,
0.3745117188,
0.6362304688,
-0.3532714844,
0.5390625,
-1.0869140625,
-0.6982421875,
-0.1530761719,
0.5366210938,
-0.1397705078,
0.484375,
-0.1635742188,
-0.2193603516,
0.2890625,
0.0302124023,
-0.3098144531,
0.580078125,
1.13671875,
-0.2171630859,
-0.4704589844,
-0.138671875,
-0.0074424744,
1.0869140625,
-0.6118164062,
-0.2156982422,
1.02734375,
-0.1003417969,
0.0942993164,
-0.3659667969,
-0.0032558441,
-0.4150390625,
-0.1735839844,
-0.0823364258,
-0.3005371094,
-0.7661132812,
-0.4597167969,
-0.1971435547,
0.3791503906,
-1.3203125,
0.0777587891,
1.1591796875,
-0.2036132812,
0.1474609375,
0.1890869141,
-0.4936523438,
-0.8198242188,
-0.4877929688,
0.0556030273,
-0.3955078125,
-0.2861328125,
0.0665283203,
-0.3947753906,
0.0701293945,
0.0019130707,
-1.216796875,
-0.2438964844,
-1.3564453125,
-0.2673339844,
0.70703125,
0.2717285156,
0.3310546875,
-0.0072059631,
-0.2058105469,
-0.4431152344,
-1.0244140625,
0.0682983398,
-0.3937988281,
-0.7329101562,
-0.904296875,
0.0414733887,
-0.9360351562,
-0.2983398438,
-0.6645507812,
-0.8774414062,
-1.0048828125,
-0.4018554688,
1.2041015625,
0.3771972656,
-1.138671875,
0.755859375,
-1.2763671875,
0.0390930176,
0.6123046875,
0.1646728516,
-0.6909179688,
-0.1518554688,
-0.2895507812,
-0.1907958984,
-0.4790039062,
-1.162109375,
-0.4379882812,
0.1000976562,
0.4123535156,
-1.224609375,
-0.5776367188,
0.5024414062,
-0.1727294922,
0.1685791016,
1.021484375,
-1.08984375,
0.048828125,
0.265625,
-0.2846679688,
0.1032104492,
-0.2287597656,
0.6005859375,
-0.921875,
0.1374511719,
0.2646484375,
0.5107421875,
-0.0149612427,
-0.5532226562,
-0.4438476562,
0.4123535156,
0.4934082031,
-0.2486572266,
0.2890625,
0.1767578125,
-0.7456054688,
-0.2546386719,
-0.1335449219,
-0.3168945312,
0.3757324219,
0.52734375,
-0.118347168,
0.5146484375,
0.6806640625,
0.0307617188,
0.3256835938,
0.2863769531,
-0.3728027344,
-0.2741699219,
-0.75390625,
0.87890625,
-0.2756347656,
-0.072265625,
0.87109375,
1.0615234375,
-0.0339355469,
-0.3615722656,
0.034362793,
-0.3635253906,
0.3063964844,
0.6357421875,
0.5322265625,
0.6850585938,
1.810546875,
-0.6879882812,
-0.10546875,
-0.2161865234,
-0.2124023438,
-0.0551452637,
-0.0673217773,
0.0072212219,
-0.019317627,
1.1240234375,
-0.1408691406,
-0.9775390625,
-0.4814453125,
1.3408203125,
-0.0846557617,
-0.5673828125,
-0.2271728516,
0.5620117188,
-1.08984375,
-0.8740234375,
-0.7866210938,
0.0502319336,
-0.2463378906,
0.1867675781,
0.1884765625,
-0.0756225586,
1.4541015625,
0.6440429688,
0.2473144531,
-0.1431884766,
-0.3063964844,
-0.0791625977,
-0.4455566406,
-0.3237304688,
-0.0732421875,
-0.0573425293,
-0.0470275879,
0.0004756451,
0.8486328125,
0.3388671875,
0.0941162109,
0.2639160156,
-0.8823242188,
-0.0033779144,
-1.380859375,
-0.4587402344,
0.1096191406,
0.1435546875,
-0.2020263672,
-0.1813964844,
0.3125,
0.9306640625,
-0.2573242188,
0.0941772461,
0.35546875,
0.89453125,
-0.6069335938,
-0.0966186523,
0.9799804688,
0.4191894531,
-0.2010498047,
-0.37109375,
0.1722412109,
0.7065429688,
-0.4123535156,
0.7978515625,
0.7045898438,
-0.2561035156,
0.4362792969,
-0.5795898438,
-1.009765625,
0.6538085938,
-0.1710205078,
-0.1513671875,
-0.8676757812,
0.3552246094,
0.7348632812,
0.1905517578,
0.1019287109,
-0.4931640625,
-0.6708984375,
0.509765625,
0.5219726562,
1.2373046875,
0.1901855469,
0.018737793,
0.4230957031,
1.0791015625,
-0.6743164062,
0.7373046875,
0.9389648438,
1.3193359375,
0.6567382812,
-0.1448974609,
-0.6791992188,
0.1375732422,
-0.4328613281,
-0.4106445312,
0.2768554688,
0.2509765625,
-0.3823242188,
-0.6704101562,
-0.099609375,
0.0483703613,
0.5961914062,
-0.328125,
-0.7094726562,
0.4343261719,
0.0078582764,
0.1159057617,
-0.2459716797,
-0.5668945312,
0.3237304688,
-0.0550231934,
-0.421875,
0.5107421875,
-0.4196777344,
-1.0283203125,
0.5473632812,
-0.2303466797,
-0.4946289062,
-0.67578125,
-0.0035991669,
-0.0074157715,
0.716796875,
-0.7861328125,
-0.2658691406,
-0.2763671875,
0.2255859375,
-0.2476806641,
0.291015625,
0.4558105469,
0.1815185547,
-1.064453125,
-0.9287109375,
-0.701171875,
0.0989379883,
-0.0936279297,
0.9638671875,
-0.408203125,
1.4931640625,
0.0394897461,
-1.103515625,
0.0510864258,
0.1787109375,
-0.2575683594,
-0.0228271484,
0.2145996094,
-1.01171875,
0.2174072266,
0.8774414062,
-0.4794921875,
0.1337890625,
-0.0020656586,
0.2286376953,
0.3220214844,
0.3234863281,
-0.1247558594,
1.275390625,
-0.4409179688,
-0.3608398438,
0.3176269531,
-0.51953125,
-0.7177734375,
-0.1623535156,
-1.3681640625,
-0.5234375,
0.0082931519,
1.0810546875,
1.0986328125,
1.2666015625,
-0.1882324219,
-0.0013093948,
0.5620117188,
-0.3835449219,
0.003900528,
-0.1419677734,
-0.9125976562,
-0.2810058594,
0.529296875,
0.2268066406,
0.0811767578,
-0.0611877441,
0.869140625,
0.3955078125,
0.6396484375,
0.0515441895,
-0.1856689453,
-0.5209960938,
-0.1809082031,
0.7944335938,
0.2834472656,
0.4262695312,
0.7524414062,
-0.47265625,
-0.2854003906,
0.0458984375,
0.3100585938,
0.4543457031,
-0.8740234375,
-0.6826171875,
0.1547851562,
0.0634155273,
-0.3459472656,
0.0342102051,
-0.1447753906,
0.8623046875,
0.736328125,
0.4138183594,
-0.1866455078,
-0.287109375,
1.0712890625,
0.3608398438,
-0.5424804688,
-1.064453125,
-0.4428710938,
0.1810302734,
-0.4038085938,
-0.4929199219,
0.5234375,
-0.220703125,
-0.3247070312,
-0.5341796875,
0.2734375,
-0.0460510254,
1.51953125,
-0.3623046875,
-0.1619873047,
-0.1873779297,
0.0817871094,
0.740234375,
-0.4653320312,
-0.828125,
0.0990600586,
-1.3798828125,
0.2932128906,
0.1688232422,
0.3718261719,
-1.2177734375,
-0.2177734375,
-1.4912109375,
-1.201171875,
-0.0103759766,
0.64453125,
-0.4184570312,
-0.5112304688,
0.408203125,
-0.2783203125,
-0.2890625,
0.2299804688,
-0.0837402344,
-0.1916503906,
0.3930664062,
-0.3227539062,
0.41796875,
-0.6088867188,
-0.8286132812,
-0.8549804688,
0.615234375,
0.7895507812,
0.9790039062,
-0.3405761719,
-0.9287109375,
1.2705078125,
0.6069335938,
0.4714355469,
-0.1085205078,
0.3671875,
-0.2122802734,
-0.0103302002,
-0.5478515625,
0.5893554688,
-0.4367675781,
-0.0669555664,
0.1080322266,
-0.7485351562,
-0.8950195312,
0.291015625,
0.2136230469,
-0.0286407471,
-0.4655761719,
0.5092773438,
0.4260253906,
0.0395812988,
0.8388671875,
1.009765625,
-0.0302429199,
-1.2431640625,
0.3332519531,
-0.6923828125,
-0.0205993652,
-0.1215209961,
0.8657226562,
0.0708618164,
0.1584472656,
0.6030273438,
-1.359375,
-0.1790771484,
0.5825195312,
-0.1768798828,
0.0198059082,
-0.2220458984,
0.0718383789,
0.1522216797,
0.6215820312,
-0.3918457031,
0.1984863281,
0.0541687012,
-0.451171875,
-0.0225524902,
-0.0717773438,
0.7836914062,
0.2388916016,
0.900390625,
0.0009102821,
0.7309570312,
-0.3046875,
1.2255859375,
-0.0277862549,
-0.7001953125,
0.2707519531,
-0.3017578125,
-0.1254882812,
-0.8935546875,
0.56640625,
-0.5478515625,
-0.822265625,
-0.3510742188,
-1.01953125,
-0.1849365234,
0.0316467285,
0.26953125,
0.5717773438,
1.236328125,
-0.3103027344,
-1.0078125,
0.2425537109,
0.3369140625,
0.3806152344,
0.9794921875,
0.6020507812,
0.0605773926,
0.0444946289,
-0.5366210938,
-0.203125,
-0.1451416016,
0.5483398438,
-0.4538574219,
0.2531738281,
-0.5849609375,
-1.244140625,
-0.4165039062,
0.1052856445,
0.0924682617,
0.3537597656,
0.5454101562,
0.7138671875,
0.1317138672,
0.1789550781,
-0.2690429688,
1.2822265625,
-0.6430664062,
0.0604858398,
-0.2154541016,
0.1845703125,
0.1843261719,
0.3559570312,
0.0185852051,
0.2863769531,
-0.3686523438,
0.9057617188,
0.7368164062,
0.1508789062,
-0.1069946289,
-0.6010742188,
-0.6533203125,
0.455078125,
0.4775390625,
0.0369873047,
0.2866210938,
0.6220703125,
0.9501953125,
0.689453125,
0.4172363281,
-0.1119995117,
-0.7548828125,
0.4797363281,
-1.1455078125,
0.8803710938,
0.118347168,
-0.4680175781,
0.4057617188,
0.2507324219,
0.2468261719,
-0.6987304688,
-0.7490234375,
0.4633789062,
-0.2337646484,
0.0497131348,
-0.08203125,
0.4011230469,
-0.3388671875,
-0.2805175781,
-0.0657348633,
0.1893310547,
0.58984375,
0.3903808594,
0.3120117188,
0.0491333008,
-0.3142089844,
-0.4306640625,
-0.7827148438,
0.0420837402,
0.2734375,
-0.2578125,
0.1268310547,
0.3645019531,
-0.5361328125,
-0.5239257812,
-0.9155273438,
-0.2885742188,
0.5966796875,
-0.548828125,
-0.3312988281,
-1.119140625,
0.0981445312,
-0.1697998047,
-0.5185546875,
0.4338378906,
1.0078125,
1.431640625,
0.62890625,
0.3471679688,
-0.2069091797,
-0.5693359375,
-0.8359375,
0.5849609375,
-0.1755371094,
1.5048828125,
1.130859375,
-0.3466796875,
-0.1359863281,
0.1943359375,
0.4912109375,
-0.2049560547,
-0.3176269531,
0.30859375,
0.1300048828,
-0.035949707,
-1.162109375,
0.2117919922,
-0.3657226562,
0.1302490234,
-1.6396484375,
0.3952636719,
0.045501709,
0.0141067505,
-0.1031494141,
-0.1497802734,
-0.3898925781,
0.9013671875,
0.1470947266,
0.400390625,
0.3708496094,
0.4743652344,
0.4138183594,
-0.0780639648,
-0.2902832031,
0.3754882812,
0.3227539062,
0.5932617188,
0.2182617188,
0.2247314453,
-0.9501953125,
0.110534668,
-0.6987304688,
-0.2376708984,
1.1689453125,
0.673828125,
-1.1123046875,
-0.2614746094,
0.84375,
0.8125,
-0.3974609375,
0.5883789062,
-0.4904785156,
0.5708007812,
-0.4916992188,
-14.5,
-1.5322265625,
0.6752929688,
0.2126464844,
-0.2327880859,
0.5390625,
0.5620117188,
-1.2890625,
-0.1468505859,
-0.8383789062,
0.2315673828,
0.7358398438,
-0.3125,
-0.4282226562,
0.4108886719,
-0.443359375,
0.3491210938,
-0.8452148438,
-0.6171875,
0.0661621094,
0.4689941406,
1.259765625,
-0.7739257812,
0.2164306641,
-0.978515625,
0.021270752,
0.7783203125,
-0.4108886719,
-0.5307617188,
1.130859375,
-0.2261962891,
-0.2807617188,
-0.603515625,
0.794921875,
-0.0070533752,
0.0969848633,
0.8422851562,
0.2396240234,
-0.0803222656,
-0.7788085938,
-0.2678222656,
-0.4577636719,
-0.2956542969,
0.2546386719,
0.259765625,
0.5922851562,
-0.1536865234,
-0.5737304688,
0.2137451172,
-0.4279785156,
0.6025390625,
1.4091796875,
0.4721679688,
0.0361938477,
-0.8061523438,
0.1450195312,
-1.2822265625,
0.5278320312,
-0.1574707031,
0.0678710938,
-0.0542297363,
1.296875,
1.1005859375,
-0.1722412109,
-0.9838867188,
-0.55078125,
-0.771484375,
-1.525390625,
-0.4716796875,
-0.5483398438,
0.515625,
-0.0277862549,
1.4052734375,
-0.1573486328,
0.0345153809,
0.619140625,
0.3666992188,
-0.3435058594,
0.7563476562,
0.7158203125,
-0.1622314453,
-0.2541503906
] |
And for the polarization of the ordinary ray, the plane of the ray and the axis was replaced by the plane bisecting the dihedral angle between the two planes each of which contained the ray and one axis (Biot's dihedral law). Biot's laws meant that a biaxial crystal with axes at a small angle, cleaved in the plane of those axes, behaved nearly like a uniaxial crystal at near-normal incidence; this was fortunate because gypsum, which had been used in chromatic-polarization experiments, is biaxial. First memoir and supplements (1821–22)
Until Fresnel turned his attention to biaxial birefringence, it was assumed that one of the two refractions was ordinary, even in biaxial crystals. But, in a memoir submitted on 19 November 1821, Fresnel reported two experiments on topaz showing that neither refraction was ordinary in the sense of satisfying Snell's law; that is, neither ray was the product of spherical secondary waves. The same memoir contained Fresnel's first attempt at the biaxial velocity law. For calcite, if we interchange the equatorial and polar radii of Huygens's oblate spheroid while preserving the polar direction, we obtain a prolate spheroid touching the sphere at the equator. A plane through the center/origin cuts this prolate spheroid in an ellipse whose major and minor semi-axes give the magnitudes of the extraordinary and ordinary ray velocities in the direction normal to the plane, and (said Fresnel) the directions of their respective vibrations. The direction of the optic axis is the normal to the plane for which the ellipse of intersection reduces to a circle. | [
-0.5327148438,
-0.0218505859,
0.9013671875,
0.5830078125,
-0.0043449402,
0.5083007812,
0.4614257812,
0.1279296875,
1.4111328125,
0.341796875,
-0.23828125,
-0.7241210938,
0.1358642578,
-0.3557128906,
0.1428222656,
0.0561218262,
-0.60546875,
-0.8212890625,
-0.3076171875,
0.265625,
-0.4892578125,
-0.9165039062,
-0.720703125,
-0.5458984375,
-1.2763671875,
0.3381347656,
0.5288085938,
-0.2834472656,
0.0844726562,
-0.81640625,
-0.0278015137,
0.5083007812,
-0.0177001953,
-0.3688964844,
-0.0537109375,
0.728515625,
-0.927734375,
0.4907226562,
0.0113372803,
-0.1216430664,
-0.33984375,
-0.3195800781,
-0.1772460938,
-0.7412109375,
0.978515625,
-0.3134765625,
0.0240478516,
0.5380859375,
-0.2814941406,
-0.9252929688,
0.1015625,
-0.615234375,
-0.0762939453,
-0.1958007812,
-0.3654785156,
-1.1162109375,
0.3015136719,
0.0266418457,
-0.1146850586,
0.1228027344,
-0.8061523438,
0.904296875,
-0.46875,
-0.3361816406,
0.2553710938,
-0.525390625,
-0.9370117188,
-0.2866210938,
0.0787963867,
0.0606384277,
-0.7451171875,
0.2415771484,
-0.3359375,
-0.5268554688,
-0.7797851562,
-0.0666503906,
-1.046875,
-0.4096679688,
0.5244140625,
0.5537109375,
-0.2238769531,
-0.0009384155,
-0.3723144531,
-0.96875,
-0.65625,
-0.9379882812,
0.5551757812,
0.4313964844,
-1.25390625,
1.8701171875,
-0.0279083252,
-0.7016601562,
-1.078125,
0.9594726562,
0.2423095703,
0.3115234375,
-0.1713867188,
-2.541015625,
-0.8266601562,
-0.173828125,
0.525390625,
-0.9985351562,
1.3857421875,
0.4094238281,
0.2265625,
1.177734375,
-0.744140625,
-0.3081054688,
-0.4360351562,
0.7036132812,
-0.8334960938,
-0.6083984375,
0.6928710938,
0.4858398438,
0.3908691406,
0.8657226562,
-0.9780273438,
-0.1867675781,
-0.3330078125,
-0.1652832031,
0.837890625,
-0.3395996094,
0.0875244141,
-0.0032157898,
-0.081237793,
0.7509765625,
-0.4099121094,
-1.01953125,
-0.116394043,
0.3403320312,
0.287109375,
-0.599609375,
-0.0393371582,
0.1892089844,
-0.7666015625,
-0.7036132812,
-1.494140625,
-0.0776367188,
0.1303710938,
-0.1034545898,
-0.3479003906,
0.62890625,
0.888671875,
-0.2583007812,
0.345703125,
-0.0284118652,
0.0265197754,
0.2666015625,
-0.2797851562,
0.5053710938,
-1.025390625,
-0.6987304688,
0.173828125,
-0.3149414062,
-1.064453125,
0.2242431641,
-0.0439147949,
0.0003228188,
-0.4438476562,
-0.7309570312,
-0.7568359375,
0.0841064453,
-0.5815429688,
-0.1376953125,
0.089050293,
0.3359375,
-0.6694335938,
-0.5786132812,
-0.2489013672,
0.4509277344,
-0.3803710938,
0.3112792969,
0.861328125,
0.0337219238,
-0.0027751923,
-0.5278320312,
0.322265625,
0.2697753906,
-0.1296386719,
1.322265625,
-0.1982421875,
-0.0859375,
-0.0619506836,
-1.1650390625,
-0.0278930664,
-0.609375,
-0.0932617188,
0.4167480469,
-0.5791015625,
-0.5986328125,
-0.3205566406,
0.3920898438,
-0.4653320312,
-0.5649414062,
-0.2082519531,
0.2707519531,
-0.8681640625,
-0.3525390625,
0.32421875,
-0.1096801758,
-0.1971435547,
0.3728027344,
0.4052734375,
0.7534179688,
0.2985839844,
-0.0775146484,
0.5859375,
0.9204101562,
0.30078125,
-0.1381835938,
-0.1358642578,
-0.0758666992,
-0.2423095703,
0.7309570312,
-0.1167602539,
-0.419921875,
-0.104309082,
0.3806152344,
0.6762695312,
-0.8959960938,
-0.625,
0.6762695312,
-0.8725585938,
0.2476806641,
-1.701171875,
-0.189453125,
0.3308105469,
0.9946289062,
0.5083007812,
-0.2888183594,
-0.134765625,
-0.0547790527,
-1.5634765625,
-0.5322265625,
0.2021484375,
0.998046875,
0.2436523438,
-1.771484375,
-1.0908203125,
-0.5844726562,
-0.287109375,
0.1026611328,
-0.3107910156,
-0.0797119141,
-0.1075439453,
-0.6704101562,
0.6064453125,
0.1246948242,
-0.2639160156,
0.7080078125,
-0.2357177734,
-0.2600097656,
-0.1948242188,
-0.1844482422,
0.0305480957,
1.09765625,
0.0044708252,
0.1510009766,
0.3774414062,
0.3659667969,
-0.1649169922,
0.2875976562,
0.857421875,
-0.525390625,
0.5717773438,
-0.6640625,
0.958984375,
0.1322021484,
-0.81640625,
-0.0262145996,
0.0631713867,
-0.53515625,
-0.0938110352,
-0.5092773438,
-0.4289550781,
0.4313964844,
-0.1529541016,
-1.474609375,
-0.3420410156,
-0.7143554688,
-0.0204620361,
0.1625976562,
-0.2153320312,
-0.9174804688,
0.4272460938,
0.5375976562,
0.82421875,
-0.4948730469,
-0.439453125,
0.0897827148,
-0.0639648438,
-0.3928222656,
-1.083984375,
0.3278808594,
-0.4370117188,
-0.3759765625,
0.380859375,
-0.0421447754,
-0.7983398438,
0.0222320557,
0.1173706055,
1.048828125,
-0.4709472656,
0.1643066406,
0.26171875,
0.8828125,
-0.4875488281,
0.1348876953,
-0.5283203125,
-0.1605224609,
1.0859375,
-0.7670898438,
0.6782226562,
-0.7451171875,
-0.6455078125,
0.0846557617,
0.1115112305,
0.2739257812,
0.830078125,
-0.2971191406,
0.3295898438,
-0.1656494141,
0.1113891602,
0.0870361328,
0.7641601562,
1.005859375,
0.0036773682,
-0.8720703125,
0.1551513672,
0.5595703125,
1.03515625,
-0.3503417969,
-0.9443359375,
1.1083984375,
-0.1885986328,
0.7509765625,
-0.1905517578,
-0.058380127,
-0.8291015625,
-0.1789550781,
-0.0938720703,
-0.775390625,
-0.3969726562,
0.0112915039,
-0.1826171875,
0.1113891602,
-0.951171875,
0.0668334961,
1.1318359375,
-0.1448974609,
-0.3315429688,
-0.1094970703,
-0.619140625,
-0.9443359375,
-0.732421875,
0.9536132812,
-0.9755859375,
-0.2619628906,
-0.1213989258,
-0.3276367188,
-0.4379882812,
-0.2454833984,
-0.6962890625,
-0.1519775391,
-0.9223632812,
-0.1682128906,
0.6098632812,
0.1888427734,
0.6547851562,
0.1555175781,
0.1453857422,
-0.0116577148,
-0.64453125,
-0.0540161133,
-1.404296875,
-0.705078125,
-1.2724609375,
-0.2770996094,
-1.2890625,
-0.2185058594,
-1.3046875,
-0.32421875,
-0.876953125,
-0.2854003906,
0.955078125,
0.4313964844,
-1.15625,
1.0478515625,
-1.45703125,
0.6723632812,
0.6328125,
0.0437011719,
-0.6025390625,
0.1111450195,
-0.7451171875,
0.0472717285,
-1.1181640625,
-0.740234375,
-0.7939453125,
-0.3688964844,
0.1673583984,
-0.9995117188,
-0.4765625,
0.4169921875,
-0.5908203125,
-0.3315429688,
1.126953125,
-0.1127929688,
0.0601806641,
0.1285400391,
-0.6049804688,
0.0241546631,
-0.0935058594,
0.2023925781,
-1.162109375,
0.4699707031,
0.2529296875,
0.4165039062,
-0.201171875,
-0.42578125,
-0.904296875,
0.7724609375,
0.2741699219,
-0.5815429688,
0.5981445312,
-0.0676879883,
-0.3830566406,
0.0726318359,
-0.0222625732,
-0.2578125,
0.0720214844,
-0.4311523438,
0.3674316406,
0.9409179688,
0.8374023438,
-0.0426940918,
0.6459960938,
-0.2934570312,
0.0371704102,
-0.3388671875,
0.2476806641,
0.787109375,
0.0088882446,
0.2758789062,
0.9111328125,
0.6494140625,
-0.2824707031,
-0.65234375,
0.537109375,
-0.7397460938,
-0.33984375,
-0.1278076172,
0.0690917969,
0.4462890625,
1.66015625,
-0.7021484375,
0.2126464844,
-0.2241210938,
-0.0109558105,
-0.4555664062,
-0.1311035156,
0.0668334961,
0.2309570312,
0.9936523438,
0.4689941406,
-1.3369140625,
-0.4033203125,
1.1611328125,
-0.8232421875,
-0.58984375,
-0.1215209961,
0.5913085938,
-1.08984375,
-0.943359375,
-0.0311584473,
0.4892578125,
-0.084777832,
0.2722167969,
0.2082519531,
-0.0069770813,
0.7890625,
0.85546875,
-0.1066894531,
-0.054107666,
-0.4230957031,
-0.4338378906,
-0.6274414062,
0.0397338867,
-0.6030273438,
-0.1859130859,
-0.1536865234,
0.3793945312,
0.5668945312,
0.0534057617,
-0.0472717285,
0.3461914062,
-0.5,
0.1544189453,
-1.298828125,
-0.1896972656,
0.1018676758,
0.4445800781,
-0.1446533203,
-0.5083007812,
0.1275634766,
0.3608398438,
-0.2264404297,
-0.171875,
0.9907226562,
0.814453125,
-0.6323242188,
-0.3422851562,
0.0426635742,
0.8447265625,
0.0986938477,
-0.2254638672,
0.5698242188,
-0.0108718872,
-0.6049804688,
0.8452148438,
0.7998046875,
-0.6049804688,
0.7099609375,
0.0299835205,
-0.1442871094,
0.9145507812,
-0.6723632812,
-0.1594238281,
-0.9926757812,
0.3957519531,
1.0537109375,
0.3801269531,
-0.1030273438,
0.4936523438,
-0.7866210938,
0.2275390625,
0.548828125,
0.9208984375,
0.9174804688,
0.1553955078,
-0.12890625,
0.755859375,
-0.3039550781,
0.72265625,
0.5551757812,
1.220703125,
0.8408203125,
-0.3740234375,
-0.2902832031,
0.7250976562,
-0.2016601562,
-0.4145507812,
0.1856689453,
0.2729492188,
-0.3725585938,
-0.6962890625,
-0.373046875,
0.2807617188,
0.2878417969,
-0.3244628906,
-1.1689453125,
0.390625,
-0.1033325195,
0.1417236328,
0.0706176758,
-0.5541992188,
0.4709472656,
-0.1881103516,
-0.7705078125,
0.0061225891,
-0.6220703125,
-1.3056640625,
0.8115234375,
-0.31640625,
-0.0624389648,
-0.6235351562,
-0.67578125,
0.21484375,
0.2380371094,
0.2102050781,
-0.0830688477,
0.2966308594,
0.3449707031,
-0.60546875,
0.0599975586,
0.1981201172,
0.2700195312,
-0.9721679688,
-1.0595703125,
-0.53515625,
-0.2705078125,
-0.2012939453,
0.3723144531,
-0.26171875,
0.8779296875,
0.5581054688,
-1.0380859375,
0.1583251953,
0.9091796875,
-0.3901367188,
0.2932128906,
0.1154174805,
-0.48046875,
0.1939697266,
1.1552734375,
-0.1130981445,
0.755859375,
-0.1353759766,
-0.1287841797,
0.3930664062,
0.0902099609,
-0.3325195312,
1.23828125,
-0.537109375,
-0.4169921875,
0.5263671875,
-0.2249755859,
-0.8774414062,
-0.048034668,
-1.056640625,
0.0373840332,
0.2729492188,
0.2702636719,
0.7788085938,
1.6220703125,
-0.13671875,
-0.4675292969,
0.2055664062,
-0.5703125,
0.5771484375,
0.515625,
-1.1328125,
-0.1395263672,
0.8076171875,
-0.3095703125,
0.2371826172,
-0.2536621094,
1.271484375,
0.4450683594,
0.5014648438,
0.1595458984,
-0.0027103424,
-0.4724121094,
-0.6293945312,
0.3312988281,
0.3400878906,
1.3447265625,
1.34765625,
-1.0439453125,
-0.1960449219,
-0.1224365234,
0.548828125,
0.3229980469,
-0.0103530884,
-0.7548828125,
0.4194335938,
0.0494995117,
0.0817871094,
-0.25390625,
0.5009765625,
0.3364257812,
0.2280273438,
0.7124023438,
0.009765625,
-0.4294433594,
1.7392578125,
0.9228515625,
-0.1040649414,
-0.587890625,
-0.9716796875,
0.7016601562,
0.1323242188,
-0.1975097656,
0.8178710938,
-0.3811035156,
-0.0504760742,
-0.40625,
0.4533691406,
-0.3188476562,
0.8046875,
-0.4006347656,
0.1219482422,
-0.3940429688,
0.0110015869,
0.7885742188,
-0.2890625,
-1.5,
0.2941894531,
-1.2607421875,
0.6860351562,
0.6040039062,
0.0021114349,
-0.9575195312,
-0.3015136719,
-1.1083984375,
-0.6767578125,
0.6137695312,
0.53515625,
-0.4814453125,
-0.849609375,
0.447265625,
-0.2163085938,
-0.2648925781,
-0.541015625,
-0.2946777344,
0.0784301758,
-0.061706543,
-0.2583007812,
0.1303710938,
-0.9541015625,
-1.0556640625,
-1.0830078125,
0.5454101562,
0.0451965332,
1.2470703125,
-0.1227416992,
-1.19921875,
1.61328125,
1.0673828125,
0.1334228516,
-0.1372070312,
0.5659179688,
-0.30859375,
-0.0452270508,
0.2653808594,
1.0234375,
-0.0679321289,
0.2883300781,
0.1494140625,
-0.66796875,
-0.8100585938,
-0.0739746094,
0.1240234375,
-0.1552734375,
0.40234375,
-0.1170654297,
0.3864746094,
0.2639160156,
0.5903320312,
0.9067382812,
0.0452880859,
-1.0537109375,
-0.0440979004,
-0.2247314453,
0.0194091797,
-0.0594177246,
0.68359375,
0.6708984375,
0.4892578125,
-0.0477905273,
-1.5185546875,
0.0530090332,
1.287109375,
0.2369384766,
-0.2607421875,
-1.0517578125,
-0.2037353516,
-0.5961914062,
0.7602539062,
-0.29296875,
0.0489807129,
-0.1098022461,
-0.2338867188,
-0.1391601562,
-0.0587768555,
0.544921875,
-0.2763671875,
0.4897460938,
-0.2626953125,
0.9252929688,
0.1624755859,
1.0703125,
0.2685546875,
-0.2729492188,
0.0920410156,
0.2449951172,
-0.0687866211,
-1.3056640625,
-0.2790527344,
0.1248779297,
-0.8588867188,
-0.0596008301,
-0.7177734375,
-0.2037353516,
-0.0414123535,
0.1672363281,
0.384765625,
1.6025390625,
-0.7231445312,
-1.1337890625,
0.3576660156,
0.3103027344,
-0.0274810791,
0.798828125,
0.5625,
-0.0283508301,
-0.0576171875,
-1.1064453125,
-0.4104003906,
0.2487792969,
0.7607421875,
-0.53515625,
0.2358398438,
-0.1067504883,
-1.287109375,
-0.224609375,
0.365234375,
0.423828125,
0.5512695312,
0.7182617188,
0.8510742188,
-0.0209503174,
0.0193328857,
0.2854003906,
0.3596191406,
-0.6938476562,
-0.607421875,
-0.4851074219,
-0.2817382812,
0.0533447266,
0.1862792969,
0.4025878906,
-0.3391113281,
-0.3310546875,
1.09375,
0.6323242188,
-0.1881103516,
0.580078125,
-0.4675292969,
-0.0489501953,
0.3972167969,
0.611328125,
0.4086914062,
0.3298339844,
0.6264648438,
0.6376953125,
0.6372070312,
0.4055175781,
-0.032409668,
-0.2009277344,
0.771484375,
-1.5625,
0.3076171875,
0.2626953125,
-0.5576171875,
0.6826171875,
-0.0668945312,
0.1685791016,
-0.361328125,
-0.6787109375,
0.419921875,
0.453125,
-0.073059082,
-0.0995483398,
0.3154296875,
-0.3857421875,
-0.3803710938,
-0.2761230469,
-0.0578308105,
0.423828125,
0.3823242188,
0.4477539062,
0.6650390625,
-0.1795654297,
-0.0980224609,
-0.1251220703,
0.3732910156,
0.3957519531,
0.0704345703,
0.6928710938,
0.7172851562,
-0.5473632812,
-0.173828125,
-1.025390625,
-0.3410644531,
-0.2578125,
-1.380859375,
-0.3806152344,
-0.9702148438,
-0.1900634766,
-0.0083084106,
-0.1448974609,
0.096496582,
0.9467773438,
0.9711914062,
0.546875,
0.3732910156,
-0.0185699463,
0.1529541016,
-0.9140625,
0.4577636719,
-0.1154174805,
1.0947265625,
1.2529296875,
-0.6787109375,
-0.1857910156,
0.0019283295,
-0.0799560547,
0.0568237305,
-0.0131530762,
0.6137695312,
0.1826171875,
1.1787109375,
-0.1759033203,
0.6313476562,
-0.4096679688,
0.4213867188,
-1.2998046875,
0.3303222656,
-0.052734375,
-0.1545410156,
0.58203125,
-0.357421875,
-0.5336914062,
1.2509765625,
0.6567382812,
0.4479980469,
0.6748046875,
0.1606445312,
0.5776367188,
0.0428466797,
-0.4697265625,
0.65234375,
-0.0939941406,
0.884765625,
-0.1865234375,
-0.1739501953,
-0.8017578125,
-0.6557617188,
-0.1480712891,
0.0154953003,
1.16796875,
0.8305664062,
-0.6083984375,
0.1553955078,
0.7290039062,
0.9741210938,
-0.6015625,
1.0361328125,
-0.0922851562,
0.49609375,
-0.4162597656,
-13.7421875,
-1.4091796875,
0.8251953125,
-0.4812011719,
-0.5805664062,
0.9453125,
-0.1696777344,
-0.9599609375,
-0.0651855469,
-0.5356445312,
-0.1690673828,
0.9174804688,
0.0082168579,
-0.6254882812,
0.466796875,
-0.3469238281,
0.0387268066,
-1.103515625,
-0.681640625,
0.3991699219,
-0.0772705078,
1.1630859375,
-0.7592773438,
0.7602539062,
-0.7309570312,
-0.0393981934,
0.4577636719,
-0.1087036133,
-0.4641113281,
1.08203125,
-0.5712890625,
-0.1719970703,
-0.498046875,
0.564453125,
-0.2174072266,
-0.4914550781,
0.4636230469,
-0.0369262695,
-0.3591308594,
-0.4509277344,
-0.4130859375,
-0.6372070312,
-0.3518066406,
0.1008911133,
0.0591125488,
0.884765625,
-0.1633300781,
-0.32421875,
-0.0497131348,
-0.6767578125,
0.3103027344,
1.9794921875,
0.0485534668,
0.1806640625,
-1.3681640625,
0.7651367188,
-1.6025390625,
0.0405273438,
-0.2841796875,
-0.3542480469,
-0.1955566406,
1.3515625,
0.8012695312,
0.3461914062,
-0.7412109375,
-0.5415039062,
-0.55078125,
-1.0908203125,
-0.6508789062,
-0.4677734375,
0.3974609375,
0.5249023438,
2.08203125,
0.1000976562,
-0.3532714844,
0.4963378906,
0.1468505859,
0.0314941406,
0.2303466797,
0.6284179688,
-0.7084960938,
-0.4255371094
] |
So, for the biaxial case, Fresnel simply replaced the prolate spheroid with a triaxial ellipsoid, which was to be sectioned by a plane in the same way. In general there would be two planes passing through the center of the ellipsoid and cutting it in a circle, and the normals to these planes would give two optic axes. From the geometry, Fresnel deduced Biot's sine law (with the ray velocities replaced by their reciprocals). The ellipsoid indeed gave the correct ray velocities (although the initial experimental verification was only approximate). But it did not give the correct directions of vibration, for the biaxial case or even for the uniaxial case, because the vibrations in Fresnel's model were tangential to the wavefront—which, for an extraordinary ray, is not generally normal to the ray. This error (which is small if, as in most cases, the birefringence is weak) was corrected in an "extract" that Fresnel read to the Académie a week later, on 26 November. Starting with Huygens's spheroid, Fresnel obtained a 4th-degree surface which, when sectioned by a plane as above, would yield the wave-normal velocities for a wavefront in that plane, together with their vibration directions. For the biaxial case, he generalized the equation to obtain a surface with three unequal principal dimensions; this he subsequently called the "surface of elasticity". But he retained the earlier ellipsoid as an approximation, from which he deduced Biot's dihedral law. Fresnel's initial derivation of the surface of elasticity had been purely geometric, and not deductively rigorous. | [
-0.1365966797,
-0.5556640625,
0.5151367188,
0.1150512695,
-0.6020507812,
-0.0213317871,
0.4943847656,
0.5810546875,
0.8881835938,
-0.2454833984,
0.0065956116,
-0.6489257812,
0.0237426758,
-0.5961914062,
-0.0169219971,
-0.0571594238,
-0.2135009766,
-0.9296875,
-0.177734375,
0.1185302734,
-0.1726074219,
-0.4731445312,
-0.4143066406,
-0.837890625,
-0.681640625,
0.1420898438,
0.74609375,
-0.1227416992,
0.1298828125,
-0.1761474609,
-0.0939941406,
0.0733032227,
-0.6020507812,
0.5161132812,
-0.4270019531,
1.3671875,
-0.5268554688,
1.142578125,
-0.1434326172,
0.1252441406,
0.2961425781,
-1.046875,
-0.3110351562,
-0.7744140625,
0.6484375,
0.2065429688,
-0.0715942383,
-0.0098419189,
-0.3166503906,
-1.07421875,
-0.0176086426,
-0.5678710938,
-0.0066261292,
0.3251953125,
-0.6489257812,
-0.9331054688,
-0.0294342041,
-1.1640625,
0.3916015625,
0.4736328125,
-0.947265625,
0.6879882812,
-0.2429199219,
-0.546875,
0.77734375,
-0.9208984375,
-0.8125,
-0.0530700684,
0.1628417969,
0.6567382812,
-0.7368164062,
0.51171875,
-0.0244598389,
-0.9809570312,
-0.075378418,
0.3774414062,
-0.9047851562,
0.4089355469,
0.3395996094,
0.5454101562,
-1.0380859375,
-0.5551757812,
-0.6401367188,
-1.1875,
-0.68359375,
-0.978515625,
0.3210449219,
0.2486572266,
-1.3740234375,
1.7265625,
0.3010253906,
0.0434570312,
-0.7504882812,
1.0791015625,
0.0187072754,
0.0992431641,
-0.1844482422,
-2.482421875,
-0.71484375,
-0.529296875,
0.6015625,
-0.6708984375,
1.306640625,
-0.0020599365,
0.0081939697,
1.0361328125,
-0.9594726562,
-0.2364501953,
0.1087036133,
0.4482421875,
-0.0157012939,
-0.5986328125,
0.8349609375,
0.0815429688,
-0.5463867188,
0.4750976562,
-0.7065429688,
0.3557128906,
-0.7651367188,
0.0697631836,
0.7983398438,
-0.1694335938,
0.3684082031,
0.0913085938,
-0.2524414062,
0.5698242188,
-0.1770019531,
-0.5932617188,
0.2145996094,
0.8032226562,
0.2841796875,
0.3051757812,
-0.1610107422,
-0.0041542053,
-0.5776367188,
-0.7529296875,
-0.9599609375,
0.1632080078,
0.2927246094,
0.4182128906,
-0.2861328125,
0.4169921875,
0.6059570312,
-0.2048339844,
0.30078125,
0.0747070312,
-0.0723266602,
-0.1485595703,
-0.1351318359,
0.5610351562,
-1.03125,
-0.7641601562,
0.6206054688,
0.2012939453,
-0.4340820312,
0.0614013672,
0.2888183594,
0.3972167969,
-0.70703125,
-0.5947265625,
-0.99609375,
0.7197265625,
-0.875,
0.0115737915,
-0.4438476562,
0.4997558594,
-0.7973632812,
-0.546875,
-0.2145996094,
0.2739257812,
-0.2966308594,
0.4997558594,
0.7573242188,
-0.5834960938,
0.1322021484,
-1.74609375,
0.4741210938,
-0.0677490234,
0.2302246094,
1.16796875,
-0.0322265625,
-0.2027587891,
-0.1375732422,
-0.8046875,
-0.0039634705,
-0.6552734375,
0.2347412109,
0.2783203125,
-0.857421875,
-0.8061523438,
-0.5283203125,
0.2170410156,
-0.6567382812,
-0.4240722656,
-0.9174804688,
0.2575683594,
-0.7451171875,
-0.7280273438,
0.3510742188,
-0.716796875,
-0.1189575195,
0.4294433594,
0.755859375,
0.6821289062,
0.6284179688,
0.1729736328,
0.8100585938,
0.0110092163,
0.124206543,
0.4074707031,
-0.118347168,
0.120300293,
-0.2624511719,
-0.1931152344,
0.7075195312,
-0.0650024414,
0.3510742188,
0.4135742188,
0.2690429688,
-1.205078125,
-0.0075759888,
0.3657226562,
-1.228515625,
0.3598632812,
-1.15234375,
-0.3562011719,
-0.2064208984,
1.46875,
0.6440429688,
-0.1896972656,
0.1020507812,
-0.0919799805,
-1.359375,
-0.3625488281,
0.4772949219,
0.587890625,
-0.014465332,
-0.642578125,
-0.5229492188,
-0.5859375,
0.4245605469,
-0.5952148438,
0.0668945312,
-0.3100585938,
0.0142211914,
-0.4270019531,
0.2819824219,
-0.035949707,
-0.1323242188,
1.2763671875,
0.4262695312,
-0.3935546875,
-0.6064453125,
0.6313476562,
0.085144043,
0.9643554688,
-0.1674804688,
-0.1455078125,
0.5317382812,
0.53125,
0.0339660645,
0.3278808594,
1.44140625,
-0.447265625,
0.3859863281,
-0.6298828125,
0.3803710938,
0.6850585938,
-0.3005371094,
-0.2497558594,
0.3410644531,
-0.7958984375,
-0.705078125,
-0.5629882812,
-0.0028171539,
0.3522949219,
-0.4260253906,
-1.0029296875,
0.3354492188,
-0.6259765625,
-0.5322265625,
0.0963745117,
-0.7001953125,
-0.5942382812,
0.54296875,
0.1335449219,
0.8056640625,
-0.65625,
-0.1727294922,
0.8232421875,
-0.0248565674,
-0.2376708984,
-0.6826171875,
-0.556640625,
0.0754394531,
-0.1624755859,
0.1595458984,
0.0247650146,
-0.3364257812,
-0.9189453125,
-0.3742675781,
0.857421875,
-0.0960083008,
-0.2941894531,
-0.1821289062,
0.4250488281,
-0.3002929688,
0.1477050781,
-0.4453125,
-0.0206298828,
0.2392578125,
-0.162109375,
0.1903076172,
-0.3647460938,
-0.7939453125,
-0.1317138672,
0.3093261719,
-0.2019042969,
0.501953125,
-0.669921875,
-0.0974121094,
0.0765380859,
-0.2590332031,
-0.1829833984,
0.2707519531,
0.693359375,
-0.0883178711,
-0.88671875,
0.2487792969,
0.1121826172,
0.8076171875,
-0.1461181641,
-0.501953125,
0.794921875,
-0.2449951172,
-0.2438964844,
0.2827148438,
0.5361328125,
-0.2719726562,
-0.3215332031,
-0.1013793945,
-1.091796875,
-1.5107421875,
-0.505859375,
0.3623046875,
-0.1923828125,
-1.5185546875,
-0.5302734375,
0.8559570312,
-0.3098144531,
-0.2279052734,
0.0266265869,
-0.880859375,
-0.6845703125,
-0.7646484375,
0.3771972656,
-0.8037109375,
-0.4353027344,
0.0366516113,
0.0293121338,
-0.3957519531,
-0.1026611328,
-0.279296875,
-0.2106933594,
-0.4958496094,
-0.759765625,
0.78515625,
0.4221191406,
0.6337890625,
0.419921875,
-0.2294921875,
-0.1029663086,
-0.2189941406,
-0.4038085938,
-1.37109375,
-0.4018554688,
-1.134765625,
-0.0933837891,
-0.8798828125,
-0.2189941406,
-0.7788085938,
-0.5346679688,
-1.0693359375,
-0.4560546875,
0.0492553711,
0.8017578125,
-0.9692382812,
-0.1258544922,
-0.8955078125,
0.2412109375,
0.9545898438,
0.8930664062,
-0.3234863281,
0.474609375,
-0.2071533203,
0.0819702148,
-0.4116210938,
-0.6020507812,
-0.5102539062,
0.1923828125,
-0.0854492188,
-0.5966796875,
-0.075378418,
-0.0141906738,
-0.2719726562,
0.4453125,
1.7509765625,
-0.0993652344,
0.2370605469,
-0.2707519531,
-0.7778320312,
0.0379943848,
-0.3295898438,
-0.0305480957,
-1.3427734375,
0.2705078125,
0.7265625,
0.6127929688,
0.0988769531,
-0.0452575684,
-0.4030761719,
0.1312255859,
0.1043701172,
-0.2387695312,
0.7329101562,
0.7153320312,
-0.5078125,
0.5458984375,
0.3745117188,
-0.5317382812,
-0.1401367188,
-0.3466796875,
0.4418945312,
0.6513671875,
0.8081054688,
-0.5737304688,
0.4602050781,
-0.1551513672,
-0.2502441406,
0.0221862793,
0.1033935547,
0.6337890625,
-0.26953125,
0.8173828125,
0.6059570312,
0.2958984375,
-0.1928710938,
-0.7470703125,
0.54296875,
-0.1940917969,
0.2071533203,
1.2373046875,
-0.6337890625,
0.4914550781,
1.5009765625,
-0.2395019531,
-0.1116943359,
-0.2109375,
-0.349609375,
-0.1485595703,
-0.1312255859,
-0.1906738281,
-0.2524414062,
1.197265625,
0.1328125,
-0.8334960938,
-0.0464477539,
1.4228515625,
-0.779296875,
0.0310058594,
-0.2001953125,
0.2534179688,
-0.5317382812,
-0.3479003906,
-0.2829589844,
0.0840454102,
-0.0552368164,
0.5356445312,
0.1525878906,
0.1689453125,
1.123046875,
1.1015625,
0.4306640625,
0.2927246094,
0.5893554688,
-0.5659179688,
-0.7158203125,
-0.3283691406,
-0.3327636719,
-0.1102294922,
-0.0026187897,
0.4794921875,
1.107421875,
0.2130126953,
-0.1793212891,
0.3896484375,
-0.8212890625,
-0.2318115234,
-1.5986328125,
-0.1766357422,
0.1840820312,
-0.5063476562,
-0.4436035156,
-0.6918945312,
0.4152832031,
0.2995605469,
-0.478515625,
0.0392456055,
0.9697265625,
0.4653320312,
-0.7197265625,
-0.3725585938,
-0.0254516602,
0.5043945312,
0.4682617188,
-0.5458984375,
-0.1402587891,
0.4575195312,
-0.2314453125,
0.2585449219,
0.2998046875,
-0.2993164062,
-0.2119140625,
0.0858154297,
-0.2293701172,
1.126953125,
-0.607421875,
0.0415344238,
-0.9409179688,
0.5932617188,
0.8969726562,
0.0835571289,
-0.0260620117,
-0.298828125,
-0.9291992188,
0.5146484375,
0.9721679688,
1.591796875,
1.0185546875,
0.2253417969,
0.2543945312,
0.8579101562,
0.0895996094,
0.548828125,
0.1677246094,
1.8232421875,
0.5307617188,
-0.1439208984,
-0.2517089844,
0.9331054688,
-0.607421875,
-0.1940917969,
0.6186523438,
0.3325195312,
-0.2697753906,
-0.3786621094,
-0.2661132812,
-0.0069541931,
0.4953613281,
-0.0641479492,
-0.873046875,
0.1882324219,
0.0262298584,
-0.4077148438,
-0.5551757812,
-0.7119140625,
0.142578125,
0.4260253906,
-0.3149414062,
0.4016113281,
-0.2176513672,
-0.5258789062,
0.3735351562,
-0.9555664062,
-0.25,
-0.4521484375,
0.1168823242,
-0.1956787109,
-0.3564453125,
-0.0646362305,
-0.1247558594,
-0.1256103516,
0.2497558594,
-0.3576660156,
0.2800292969,
-0.515625,
0.1201171875,
-1.0947265625,
-0.537109375,
-0.6479492188,
-0.5400390625,
-0.5668945312,
0.9340820312,
-0.1665039062,
0.8383789062,
0.0008311272,
-1.3798828125,
0.2230224609,
0.728515625,
-0.0803833008,
-0.2297363281,
0.4565429688,
-0.3608398438,
0.2110595703,
0.8159179688,
-0.8315429688,
0.2253417969,
-0.3017578125,
0.2239990234,
0.6342773438,
0.3088378906,
-0.1762695312,
0.8940429688,
0.1864013672,
-0.376953125,
0.7314453125,
-0.6655273438,
-0.583984375,
-0.2741699219,
-0.39453125,
-0.2160644531,
0.3889160156,
0.2580566406,
0.669921875,
0.9809570312,
-0.4172363281,
-0.603515625,
0.2218017578,
-0.7802734375,
0.7939453125,
-0.1931152344,
-0.7529296875,
-0.5014648438,
0.8461914062,
-0.3432617188,
-0.0269165039,
-0.140625,
1.236328125,
0.7890625,
1.376953125,
0.2741699219,
-0.97265625,
-0.6982421875,
-0.4130859375,
0.9443359375,
0.5639648438,
0.86328125,
0.560546875,
-0.5405273438,
0.2426757812,
-0.2521972656,
0.7407226562,
-0.0406494141,
-0.3862304688,
-0.841796875,
0.34375,
-0.2092285156,
-0.0579833984,
0.5380859375,
0.0596313477,
-0.1748046875,
0.3364257812,
0.7075195312,
0.0305023193,
-0.1630859375,
1.9130859375,
1.23046875,
-0.5180664062,
-1.2197265625,
-0.9165039062,
-0.2895507812,
0.2004394531,
-0.2624511719,
0.4077148438,
-0.3059082031,
-0.4423828125,
-0.646484375,
0.68359375,
0.1274414062,
0.650390625,
-0.9731445312,
-0.1595458984,
-0.9975585938,
0.4755859375,
-0.2232666016,
-0.7329101562,
-1.263671875,
0.0027141571,
-1.1416015625,
0.5483398438,
-0.1987304688,
0.3283691406,
-2.373046875,
0.0348510742,
-1.244140625,
-1.46484375,
0.3522949219,
1.4052734375,
0.583984375,
-0.4562988281,
0.576171875,
0.1968994141,
-0.8579101562,
-0.1204223633,
-0.0845336914,
-0.1424560547,
0.33203125,
-0.2641601562,
0.3732910156,
-0.9829101562,
-0.7348632812,
-0.6948242188,
0.81640625,
-0.5771484375,
0.7348632812,
-0.0755004883,
-0.4548339844,
1.1953125,
1.392578125,
0.2165527344,
-0.0004096031,
0.4377441406,
-0.0053329468,
0.41796875,
-0.7158203125,
1.3681640625,
0.3151855469,
0.357421875,
0.0974121094,
-0.32421875,
-0.2156982422,
0.0184936523,
0.2795410156,
-0.0482177734,
-0.2218017578,
0.3898925781,
1.2607421875,
0.2722167969,
0.2475585938,
0.8081054688,
-0.2868652344,
-0.759765625,
-0.3395996094,
-0.0225372314,
-0.3024902344,
-0.1420898438,
0.9467773438,
-0.1805419922,
0.69921875,
0.5966796875,
-0.45703125,
0.1502685547,
1.0654296875,
-0.4162597656,
-0.1641845703,
-1.1103515625,
-0.1358642578,
-0.7583007812,
0.6645507812,
-0.8735351562,
-0.6728515625,
-0.791015625,
-0.0257415771,
-0.2412109375,
-0.2039794922,
0.2083740234,
-0.638671875,
0.90234375,
-0.4013671875,
1.474609375,
-0.2729492188,
1.1025390625,
0.1688232422,
-0.5864257812,
0.3576660156,
0.1628417969,
-0.1895751953,
-0.5078125,
0.2485351562,
0.2020263672,
-1.4150390625,
-0.23046875,
-0.4328613281,
0.244140625,
-0.3745117188,
-0.3786621094,
0.4787597656,
1.5234375,
-0.53125,
-0.4753417969,
0.7177734375,
-0.205078125,
0.3225097656,
0.6635742188,
0.8647460938,
0.2462158203,
-0.3271484375,
-1.349609375,
-0.2099609375,
0.2336425781,
1.1435546875,
-0.509765625,
0.2990722656,
0.7104492188,
-1.474609375,
-0.4291992188,
0.328125,
0.3623046875,
0.4946289062,
0.5546875,
1.4208984375,
0.69921875,
0.1189575195,
0.6875,
0.4775390625,
0.0302124023,
0.2805175781,
-0.4287109375,
-0.4709472656,
-0.2998046875,
0.0474243164,
0.09765625,
0.5151367188,
0.1021728516,
1.2216796875,
0.42578125,
-0.2131347656,
0.2048339844,
-0.501953125,
-0.30078125,
0.3681640625,
0.0947875977,
0.513671875,
-0.0349731445,
0.2005615234,
0.6669921875,
0.5322265625,
0.783203125,
0.1439208984,
-0.4880371094,
0.100769043,
-0.7294921875,
0.603515625,
-0.1752929688,
-0.7978515625,
0.625,
-0.4099121094,
0.0748291016,
-0.2104492188,
-0.9809570312,
0.2836914062,
0.1826171875,
0.1328125,
0.31640625,
0.85546875,
0.1437988281,
0.1536865234,
0.0552062988,
0.0246124268,
0.5146484375,
0.3522949219,
0.5083007812,
0.9233398438,
-0.2897949219,
-0.2841796875,
-0.2897949219,
-0.1474609375,
0.0550537109,
0.0257568359,
1.11328125,
0.8901367188,
-0.9047851562,
0.2006835938,
-1.0478515625,
-0.6748046875,
0.1484375,
-1.69140625,
0.2314453125,
-0.4145507812,
0.1650390625,
0.0325622559,
0.583984375,
0.2697753906,
0.1866455078,
0.771484375,
0.5864257812,
0.0823364258,
-0.3081054688,
-0.1350097656,
-1.2099609375,
0.3952636719,
0.3623046875,
0.8676757812,
0.9091796875,
-0.4084472656,
-0.0477905273,
0.1862792969,
0.361328125,
-0.1890869141,
-0.0014200211,
1.0380859375,
-0.4345703125,
0.4143066406,
-0.5581054688,
0.71875,
-0.0036487579,
0.4584960938,
-1.17578125,
0.6762695312,
-0.27734375,
0.1381835938,
0.5068359375,
-0.2998046875,
-1.1787109375,
1.404296875,
0.4226074219,
0.3776855469,
-0.0956420898,
0.6596679688,
-0.0678710938,
0.5043945312,
0.1688232422,
-0.61328125,
0.4489746094,
0.2293701172,
0.2012939453,
0.2371826172,
-0.7495117188,
-0.5849609375,
-0.4741210938,
-0.0254211426,
0.9555664062,
0.2313232422,
-0.2702636719,
0.484375,
0.9760742188,
0.76953125,
-0.58984375,
0.4226074219,
-0.515625,
0.4895019531,
-0.1304931641,
-13.671875,
-1.8017578125,
0.5219726562,
0.4189453125,
-0.546875,
0.9047851562,
-0.341796875,
-0.6635742188,
-0.3806152344,
-0.7919921875,
-0.24609375,
1.6650390625,
-0.3681640625,
-0.83984375,
0.4797363281,
-0.3781738281,
-0.466796875,
-1.0771484375,
-0.7373046875,
0.326171875,
-0.2196044922,
1.126953125,
-1.431640625,
0.5961914062,
-0.84765625,
0.6552734375,
1.05078125,
-0.4807128906,
-0.5073242188,
1.587890625,
-0.2135009766,
-0.275390625,
-0.5053710938,
0.0059547424,
-0.3293457031,
-0.4694824219,
0.102722168,
0.0485229492,
0.1475830078,
-0.1358642578,
-1.283203125,
0.0212860107,
-0.7124023438,
-0.1113891602,
0.3823242188,
1.115234375,
-0.7817382812,
-0.5581054688,
-0.0853271484,
-0.7885742188,
0.3044433594,
1.1103515625,
0.0201263428,
0.0112380981,
-1.107421875,
-0.1708984375,
-1.392578125,
0.2973632812,
0.4418945312,
-0.1541748047,
-0.5673828125,
0.8315429688,
0.880859375,
-0.2194824219,
-0.98046875,
-0.5766601562,
-1.220703125,
-0.9926757812,
-0.7729492188,
-0.4401855469,
0.5444335938,
-0.1928710938,
2.0234375,
0.6728515625,
-0.6435546875,
0.1552734375,
0.1868896484,
-0.1192626953,
0.3420410156,
-0.0437927246,
-0.5551757812,
-0.1721191406
] |
His first attempt at a mechanical derivation, contained in a "supplement" dated 13 January 1822, assumed that (i) there were three mutually perpendicular directions in which a displacement produced a reaction in the same direction, (ii) the reaction was otherwise a linear function of the displacement, and (iii) the radius of the surface in any direction was the square root of the component, in that direction, of the reaction to a unit displacement in that direction. The last assumption recognized the requirement that if a wave was to maintain a fixed direction of propagation and a fixed direction of vibration, the reaction must not be outside the plane of those two directions. In the same supplement, Fresnel considered how he might find, for the biaxial case, the secondary wavefront that expands from the origin in unit time—that is, the surface that reduces to Huygens's sphere and spheroid in the uniaxial case. He noted that this "wave surface" (surface de l'onde) is tangential to all possible plane wavefronts that could have crossed the origin one unit of time ago, and he listed the mathematical conditions that it must satisfy. But he doubted the feasibility of deriving the surface from those conditions. | [
-0.1845703125,
-0.47265625,
0.3059082031,
-0.0806884766,
-0.748046875,
-0.3210449219,
0.9350585938,
0.2049560547,
1.208984375,
0.8647460938,
-0.6459960938,
-0.3120117188,
-0.2685546875,
-0.2141113281,
0.5732421875,
0.5595703125,
0.5,
-0.2919921875,
-0.7534179688,
0.2327880859,
-0.5478515625,
-0.4067382812,
-0.4008789062,
-1.0947265625,
-0.75,
0.0368347168,
0.1951904297,
0.0361938477,
-0.4931640625,
-0.2172851562,
0.0872802734,
0.0425415039,
-0.50390625,
0.0125579834,
-0.4323730469,
1.2392578125,
-0.2585449219,
0.3005371094,
-0.0549621582,
0.0676269531,
-0.625,
-0.6889648438,
-0.3891601562,
-0.2709960938,
0.3999023438,
-0.0118484497,
-0.0836181641,
-0.3413085938,
-0.4033203125,
-0.3283691406,
0.2465820312,
-0.828125,
0.0950317383,
0.2426757812,
0.0594177246,
-0.2431640625,
-0.3649902344,
-0.3029785156,
0.4645996094,
0.5219726562,
-0.8583984375,
0.2604980469,
0.2322998047,
-0.7475585938,
1.0556640625,
-1.0263671875,
-0.58984375,
-1.1630859375,
0.0265808105,
0.1496582031,
-0.7670898438,
-0.4096679688,
-0.3168945312,
-1.5478515625,
0.0431518555,
-0.4792480469,
-1.7548828125,
0.6625976562,
0.365234375,
0.9360351562,
-0.7666015625,
-0.2612304688,
-0.7934570312,
-1.0927734375,
-0.3005371094,
-0.888671875,
1.0234375,
0.2277832031,
-0.5703125,
1.603515625,
-0.1685791016,
-0.2736816406,
-0.2342529297,
0.2856445312,
0.1359863281,
-0.306640625,
-0.7436523438,
-2.150390625,
-0.8955078125,
-0.4296875,
0.059173584,
-0.4035644531,
1.05859375,
-0.38671875,
0.1243896484,
1.689453125,
-0.9677734375,
-0.4084472656,
0.6772460938,
0.6923828125,
0.0258483887,
-0.1784667969,
0.9658203125,
-0.1293945312,
-1.4990234375,
0.2756347656,
-0.689453125,
-0.1028442383,
-0.7705078125,
0.0514831543,
0.5927734375,
-0.3227539062,
0.3962402344,
0.0328979492,
0.5595703125,
0.6826171875,
-0.259765625,
-0.1356201172,
-0.2280273438,
0.6958007812,
-0.3818359375,
0.1829833984,
-0.1604003906,
0.3303222656,
-0.4619140625,
-0.7177734375,
-0.7475585938,
0.10546875,
0.5029296875,
-0.1967773438,
-0.1785888672,
0.4985351562,
0.4694824219,
0.1633300781,
-0.1413574219,
-0.2973632812,
-0.0955810547,
0.4145507812,
-0.53125,
-0.123840332,
-0.83203125,
0.1710205078,
0.4079589844,
0.2449951172,
-0.5981445312,
0.4548339844,
0.4040527344,
0.4790039062,
-0.3798828125,
-1.1865234375,
-0.6328125,
0.0355224609,
-1.0390625,
-0.0001631975,
-0.4174804688,
0.6650390625,
-0.4060058594,
-0.77734375,
-0.0907592773,
0.4536132812,
-0.1363525391,
0.3757324219,
0.2839355469,
-0.9018554688,
-0.108581543,
-0.970703125,
0.474609375,
-0.5161132812,
-0.0732421875,
0.4873046875,
0.2829589844,
-0.9287109375,
0.0659179688,
-0.5234375,
0.2302246094,
-0.4255371094,
0.1279296875,
0.3989257812,
0.5258789062,
-0.5141601562,
-1.1416015625,
1.3486328125,
-0.4709472656,
-0.6743164062,
-0.66015625,
0.2072753906,
-1.486328125,
0.1198730469,
0.1337890625,
-0.5029296875,
0.291015625,
1.4794921875,
0.79296875,
0.6303710938,
0.1496582031,
0.2147216797,
0.7177734375,
-0.0084686279,
0.0049476624,
0.2927246094,
-0.1984863281,
0.3933105469,
-0.0059700012,
-0.5717773438,
-0.0891723633,
0.2138671875,
1.013671875,
0.33984375,
0.7241210938,
-1.099609375,
0.96875,
0.1578369141,
-1.380859375,
-0.1097412109,
-1.4189453125,
-0.5556640625,
-0.7221679688,
1.662109375,
0.7666015625,
0.077331543,
-0.0347290039,
0.0716552734,
-1.095703125,
-0.2369384766,
0.4731445312,
0.4484863281,
-0.6748046875,
-0.8637695312,
0.359375,
-0.4318847656,
0.1517333984,
-0.9360351562,
-0.5771484375,
-0.4790039062,
0.3896484375,
-0.2973632812,
0.2553710938,
-0.0740966797,
-0.080078125,
1.5244140625,
0.4448242188,
0.2897949219,
0.5014648438,
0.3779296875,
-0.3474121094,
0.6357421875,
0.2065429688,
0.5454101562,
-0.5571289062,
0.5146484375,
-0.3151855469,
0.4018554688,
1.5869140625,
-0.9331054688,
0.2072753906,
-0.6708984375,
0.4851074219,
0.4421386719,
-0.3129882812,
0.4001464844,
0.8803710938,
0.0433044434,
-0.6064453125,
0.104309082,
-0.1286621094,
-0.3312988281,
-0.6982421875,
-0.5903320312,
0.6030273438,
-1.0166015625,
-0.294921875,
-0.4338378906,
-0.74609375,
-0.38671875,
0.5180664062,
0.5859375,
0.7250976562,
-0.0081710815,
-0.2354736328,
1.3154296875,
-0.4985351562,
0.4809570312,
-0.5439453125,
-0.3295898438,
0.1361083984,
-0.4692382812,
-0.1326904297,
-0.0455627441,
-0.5732421875,
-1.0478515625,
-0.1058959961,
0.5732421875,
0.5415039062,
0.0038452148,
0.3527832031,
0.9877929688,
-0.4404296875,
-0.17578125,
-0.4423828125,
0.3996582031,
0.6118164062,
0.9819335938,
0.1141357422,
-0.1667480469,
-0.6552734375,
0.2905273438,
0.2221679688,
-0.2888183594,
0.962890625,
-0.87109375,
-0.6352539062,
0.3073730469,
0.6401367188,
-0.1778564453,
0.1212768555,
0.951171875,
0.3181152344,
-1.3154296875,
0.0633544922,
0.349609375,
0.9829101562,
0.0181884766,
0.3120117188,
1.0390625,
-0.3349609375,
0.0888671875,
0.732421875,
-0.2670898438,
0.1301269531,
-0.0811767578,
0.111328125,
-0.884765625,
-1.7099609375,
-0.1928710938,
0.31640625,
0.2888183594,
-1.6103515625,
-0.3872070312,
0.8588867188,
0.0206298828,
-0.2420654297,
0.3193359375,
-0.5327148438,
-0.9028320312,
-0.4104003906,
-0.0505981445,
-0.4392089844,
0.0993652344,
0.4155273438,
-0.1646728516,
0.1739501953,
-0.4641113281,
-0.7260742188,
-0.51171875,
-0.6806640625,
-0.3000488281,
0.037322998,
0.6875,
0.7890625,
0.2169189453,
-0.4284667969,
0.4963378906,
-1.2255859375,
-0.6440429688,
-0.3430175781,
-0.0050430298,
-0.955078125,
-0.0983276367,
-0.4389648438,
0.0872802734,
-0.3571777344,
-0.5971679688,
-1.341796875,
-0.2548828125,
0.4123535156,
-0.0346679688,
-0.0865478516,
-0.0227661133,
-0.3332519531,
0.3139648438,
0.4125976562,
0.5141601562,
0.1368408203,
1.2421875,
0.052947998,
0.0784912109,
0.2534179688,
-1.4462890625,
-0.0131912231,
-0.2371826172,
0.595703125,
-1.125,
-0.5805664062,
0.3918457031,
0.3420410156,
0.2125244141,
1.4736328125,
-0.1721191406,
0.4479980469,
0.2296142578,
-0.2432861328,
-0.1079711914,
0.0495300293,
0.0394287109,
-0.9135742188,
0.5756835938,
0.8002929688,
-0.0668334961,
0.2526855469,
0.098815918,
0.1022949219,
-0.505859375,
0.1437988281,
-0.0503540039,
0.65625,
0.6293945312,
-1.208984375,
0.4782714844,
-0.4868164062,
-0.4428710938,
-0.8354492188,
-0.1748046875,
0.2919921875,
0.5708007812,
0.8813476562,
-0.5380859375,
0.6723632812,
-0.3156738281,
0.3547363281,
0.0427856445,
-0.6127929688,
0.7143554688,
-0.763671875,
1.095703125,
0.306640625,
0.162109375,
-0.0863037109,
-0.0661621094,
0.0191345215,
-0.1887207031,
-0.3276367188,
0.7548828125,
-0.267578125,
0.2434082031,
1.154296875,
-0.4216308594,
-0.4685058594,
-0.3830566406,
-0.6171875,
0.122253418,
0.1850585938,
0.1340332031,
-0.2570800781,
0.3725585938,
0.6782226562,
-0.6997070312,
-0.0458068848,
0.8247070312,
-0.93359375,
-0.1633300781,
-0.1654052734,
0.1857910156,
-0.9038085938,
-0.6508789062,
0.0051460266,
0.0049781799,
-0.2478027344,
-0.2504882812,
0.3210449219,
-0.1650390625,
0.95703125,
0.1282958984,
-0.4343261719,
-0.7666015625,
-0.2055664062,
-0.2670898438,
-0.3637695312,
-0.3696289062,
-0.1213989258,
-0.1853027344,
-0.3078613281,
0.52734375,
-0.4890136719,
-0.0626220703,
-0.603515625,
0.2130126953,
-0.6645507812,
-0.4787597656,
-1.6181640625,
0.2890625,
-0.0134735107,
-0.3479003906,
-0.0137710571,
-0.9052734375,
-0.0665893555,
1.1689453125,
0.0252075195,
0.6166992188,
1.283203125,
0.91015625,
-0.7583007812,
-0.3872070312,
0.2939453125,
-0.1336669922,
0.3413085938,
-0.2985839844,
0.6127929688,
0.6831054688,
-0.3952636719,
0.5385742188,
-0.2305908203,
-0.3020019531,
-0.6040039062,
0.1098022461,
-0.4311523438,
1.0673828125,
-0.6938476562,
-0.0016841888,
-0.4343261719,
-0.0498962402,
1.171875,
-0.1732177734,
0.2423095703,
-0.9409179688,
-0.4963378906,
0.0101928711,
1.1953125,
1.328125,
0.5771484375,
1.0126953125,
0.5336914062,
0.1854248047,
0.7177734375,
0.0498352051,
0.2221679688,
1.2314453125,
0.3937988281,
0.564453125,
-0.80078125,
0.7587890625,
-0.2443847656,
-0.2404785156,
0.8110351562,
0.9633789062,
-0.6704101562,
-0.36328125,
-0.4609375,
-0.8872070312,
0.423828125,
-0.1431884766,
-0.0221405029,
-0.0498352051,
0.7583007812,
-0.5043945312,
-0.4873046875,
-0.2834472656,
0.3046875,
0.0223083496,
-0.5874023438,
-0.0186309814,
0.0718994141,
-1.2724609375,
0.2392578125,
0.0024967194,
-0.7963867188,
-0.2585449219,
0.478515625,
-0.4548339844,
-0.642578125,
-0.3701171875,
-0.4597167969,
-0.1049804688,
0.0843505859,
0.6435546875,
-0.0808105469,
0.3112792969,
0.4111328125,
-0.5170898438,
-0.9565429688,
-0.0317687988,
-0.3322753906,
-0.1602783203,
0.9916992188,
0.3391113281,
0.662109375,
0.8349609375,
-1.328125,
0.3015136719,
0.4787597656,
-0.1727294922,
0.0033569336,
-0.3125,
-0.7963867188,
0.5234375,
0.49609375,
-0.3471679688,
-0.6606445312,
0.1139526367,
0.4641113281,
0.6245117188,
-0.1239624023,
-0.56640625,
0.7387695312,
-0.6499023438,
0.1633300781,
0.23828125,
-0.4797363281,
-0.4147949219,
-0.1657714844,
-1.6513671875,
-0.3095703125,
0.3142089844,
0.2330322266,
0.4887695312,
1.455078125,
-0.0469055176,
-0.6528320312,
0.4208984375,
-0.4436035156,
0.451171875,
-0.1193237305,
-1.0283203125,
0.3999023438,
-0.1162109375,
0.4965820312,
0.2758789062,
0.2371826172,
0.5029296875,
0.1824951172,
0.9609375,
0.2763671875,
-0.630859375,
0.0165100098,
-0.27734375,
1.0439453125,
0.2573242188,
0.4206542969,
0.8212890625,
-0.8872070312,
0.1457519531,
0.5278320312,
0.6430664062,
0.0473022461,
-0.693359375,
-0.6557617188,
-0.1867675781,
-0.2071533203,
-0.0217895508,
1.962890625,
-0.5322265625,
-0.1363525391,
0.3979492188,
-0.0977783203,
-0.008430481,
0.0863647461,
0.8930664062,
0.6958007812,
-0.0305480957,
-1.056640625,
-0.7202148438,
-0.3898925781,
-0.5639648438,
-0.8134765625,
1.25,
0.0146026611,
-0.349609375,
-0.50390625,
0.6611328125,
-0.2722167969,
0.6362304688,
-0.771484375,
0.1726074219,
-0.6293945312,
0.4111328125,
-0.0616149902,
-0.5180664062,
-1.1220703125,
0.556640625,
-0.4030761719,
0.26171875,
-0.4506835938,
0.5844726562,
-1.333984375,
-0.7758789062,
-0.8974609375,
-0.787109375,
0.0817260742,
0.2922363281,
0.4641113281,
-0.275390625,
1.19140625,
0.0946044922,
-1.68359375,
-0.1304931641,
-0.2749023438,
0.0891113281,
-0.1433105469,
0.4572753906,
0.65234375,
-1.23828125,
-0.9013671875,
0.1530761719,
0.8715820312,
-0.7915039062,
0.2868652344,
-0.1500244141,
-0.3134765625,
1.166015625,
1.2509765625,
0.1341552734,
0.4431152344,
0.4494628906,
-0.6040039062,
0.7739257812,
-0.1278076172,
0.9711914062,
0.5239257812,
0.2147216797,
-0.1563720703,
-0.185546875,
-0.9487304688,
-0.6376953125,
0.2269287109,
0.2381591797,
-0.1513671875,
0.2316894531,
0.65234375,
-0.0888061523,
0.2215576172,
1.0751953125,
-0.6079101562,
-0.2822265625,
0.2565917969,
-0.3840332031,
-0.2502441406,
0.1076049805,
1.1103515625,
0.3466796875,
-0.2004394531,
0.4426269531,
-1.0009765625,
-0.0574035645,
0.794921875,
-0.83203125,
-0.3364257812,
-0.7353515625,
-0.8481445312,
-0.2529296875,
0.4526367188,
-0.1389160156,
-0.328125,
-0.2602539062,
-0.4831542969,
-0.2602539062,
0.26953125,
0.6904296875,
0.1336669922,
0.630859375,
-0.4191894531,
1.2255859375,
-0.0723876953,
0.3664550781,
0.3203125,
-1.0927734375,
-0.1766357422,
-0.5537109375,
-0.2580566406,
-1.2607421875,
0.4521484375,
-0.4909667969,
-1.140625,
0.1796875,
-0.2912597656,
0.2225341797,
-0.7475585938,
-0.4755859375,
0.2976074219,
0.611328125,
-0.1850585938,
-1.1826171875,
-0.1405029297,
0.4699707031,
0.0271148682,
0.763671875,
1.1611328125,
0.2387695312,
0.1678466797,
-0.8745117188,
0.107421875,
-0.3884277344,
0.1759033203,
0.0407714844,
0.0510253906,
0.6909179688,
-1.2451171875,
-1.248046875,
0.5004882812,
0.1324462891,
-0.2463378906,
0.921875,
1.296875,
0.3862304688,
0.1329345703,
0.8076171875,
1.087890625,
0.0034866333,
0.8525390625,
-0.2116699219,
0.6044921875,
0.2485351562,
0.3286132812,
0.1304931641,
0.4401855469,
0.5673828125,
0.8525390625,
0.279296875,
-0.2805175781,
-0.2281494141,
-0.6674804688,
-0.6489257812,
0.28125,
0.2069091797,
-0.1401367188,
0.1098632812,
0.4382324219,
1.146484375,
0.5625,
0.2800292969,
-0.1594238281,
-0.8471679688,
-0.2543945312,
-0.1240234375,
0.7421875,
-0.034576416,
-1.2353515625,
-0.0225830078,
0.2037353516,
-0.2973632812,
-0.0423583984,
-0.7314453125,
-0.0690307617,
0.1817626953,
0.3640136719,
-0.3764648438,
0.1500244141,
-0.1696777344,
-0.1916503906,
-0.458984375,
-0.1159667969,
0.064453125,
0.069152832,
0.7788085938,
0.3359375,
-0.4089355469,
-0.2829589844,
-0.2556152344,
-0.1199951172,
0.2631835938,
-0.0439758301,
0.3474121094,
0.576171875,
-0.84765625,
-0.1721191406,
-0.7407226562,
-0.5493164062,
0.1106567383,
-0.9545898438,
-0.3269042969,
-0.7255859375,
0.0637207031,
-0.0440673828,
0.4377441406,
0.3322753906,
0.75390625,
1.185546875,
1.1044921875,
-0.2401123047,
0.3012695312,
0.0196990967,
-0.8505859375,
-0.1176147461,
0.1812744141,
0.7578125,
1.06640625,
0.6127929688,
0.5390625,
-0.3703613281,
0.982421875,
0.2719726562,
-0.6826171875,
0.0628662109,
-0.4426269531,
-0.0210876465,
-0.8203125,
0.3566894531,
0.0059585571,
0.8134765625,
-1.3525390625,
0.3266601562,
0.1251220703,
-0.7421875,
-0.2352294922,
-0.3981933594,
-0.7373046875,
0.5942382812,
0.1280517578,
-0.1282958984,
-0.2110595703,
0.82421875,
0.4157714844,
0.041809082,
0.1567382812,
-0.4279785156,
0.1084594727,
0.0654296875,
0.67578125,
-0.1953125,
-0.0541687012,
0.4982910156,
-0.8388671875,
0.2159423828,
0.5307617188,
-0.1175537109,
-0.8256835938,
0.169921875,
0.3742675781,
1.0791015625,
0.0859985352,
0.5537109375,
-0.740234375,
0.4389648438,
-0.70703125,
-13.8828125,
-2.447265625,
0.0130462646,
0.2016601562,
-1.0595703125,
0.7514648438,
0.2132568359,
-0.9931640625,
-0.1351318359,
-0.4528808594,
-0.7470703125,
1.43359375,
0.0317993164,
-0.2531738281,
0.9755859375,
-0.2037353516,
0.0308074951,
-1.447265625,
-0.8623046875,
0.2680664062,
-1.2939453125,
1.2060546875,
-1.1015625,
0.8793945312,
-0.7846679688,
0.5083007812,
0.880859375,
-0.595703125,
-0.1330566406,
0.6420898438,
-0.2099609375,
-0.0187072754,
0.0238189697,
0.5029296875,
-0.3071289062,
-0.2531738281,
0.1632080078,
1.072265625,
0.5200195312,
-0.369140625,
-1.3544921875,
0.8403320312,
-0.5498046875,
-0.0629272461,
0.345703125,
0.9384765625,
-0.2543945312,
-0.3676757812,
-0.1594238281,
-0.5766601562,
0.5771484375,
1.5810546875,
-0.0777587891,
-0.2175292969,
-1.1064453125,
-0.2454833984,
-1.041015625,
0.3420410156,
-0.1116943359,
0.2639160156,
0.3474121094,
0.9365234375,
1.04296875,
-0.0518798828,
-0.4038085938,
-0.572265625,
-1.18359375,
-0.9116210938,
0.0852661133,
-0.71875,
0.0657958984,
-0.5927734375,
1.1416015625,
0.794921875,
-0.587890625,
0.236328125,
0.3349609375,
-0.2624511719,
0.7377929688,
0.1568603516,
-0.3178710938,
-0.5009765625
] |
In a "second supplement", Fresnel eventually exploited two related facts: (i) the "wave surface" was also the ray-velocity surface, which could be obtained by sectioning the ellipsoid that he had initially mistaken for the surface of elasticity, and (ii) the "wave surface" intersected each plane of symmetry of the ellipsoid in two curves: a circle and an ellipse. Thus he found that the "wave surface" is described by the 4th-degree equation
where and are the propagation speeds in directions normal to the coordinate axes for vibrations along the axes (the ray and wave-normal speeds being the same in those special cases). Later commentators put the equation in the more compact and memorable form
Earlier in the "second supplement", Fresnel modeled the medium as an array of point-masses and found that the force-displacement relation was described by a symmetric matrix, confirming the existence of three mutually perpendicular axes on which the displacement produced a parallel force. Later in the document, he noted that in a biaxial crystal, unlike a uniaxial crystal, the directions in which there is only one wave-normal velocity are not the same as those in which there is only one ray velocity. Nowadays we refer to the former directions as the optic axes or binormal axes, and the latter as the ray axes or biradial axes . Fresnel's "second supplement" was signed on 31 March 1822 and submitted the next day – less than a year after the publication of his pure-transverse-wave hypothesis, and just less than a year after the demonstration of his prototype eight-panel lighthouse lens . | [
-0.5747070312,
-0.7915039062,
0.3354492188,
0.1842041016,
-0.1704101562,
0.1105957031,
0.9326171875,
0.2971191406,
1.021484375,
0.5166015625,
-0.4189453125,
0.022857666,
-0.2551269531,
-0.4716796875,
-0.0272064209,
-0.092590332,
-0.0268554688,
-0.2658691406,
-0.6411132812,
-0.134765625,
-0.66015625,
-0.2690429688,
-0.373046875,
-0.5717773438,
-1.212890625,
0.3342285156,
0.3542480469,
-0.2680664062,
-0.2004394531,
-0.4782714844,
0.2626953125,
0.3408203125,
-0.775390625,
0.0075759888,
-0.5693359375,
1.3291015625,
-0.8291015625,
0.6689453125,
0.2403564453,
0.0130004883,
0.1029663086,
-0.9506835938,
-0.1706542969,
-0.5791015625,
0.9780273438,
0.2301025391,
0.2314453125,
-0.2504882812,
-0.3291015625,
-0.6088867188,
-0.0203857422,
-0.986328125,
-0.0598754883,
-0.2680664062,
-0.0261688232,
-0.4340820312,
-0.0131912231,
0.3017578125,
0.3103027344,
0.5439453125,
-0.6396484375,
-0.0785522461,
0.162109375,
-0.8720703125,
0.7875976562,
-0.578125,
-0.9697265625,
-1.373046875,
0.2548828125,
-0.0072174072,
-0.6020507812,
0.7241210938,
-0.1760253906,
-1.0068359375,
-0.1784667969,
0.0291137695,
-1.4140625,
0.755859375,
0.3732910156,
1.0537109375,
-0.7841796875,
0.0249328613,
-0.2561035156,
-1.2216796875,
-0.1820068359,
-1.0556640625,
1.068359375,
-0.0383300781,
-1.125,
1.84375,
-0.4467773438,
0.0623779297,
-0.9633789062,
0.5009765625,
0.2387695312,
0.2451171875,
-0.3996582031,
-1.9111328125,
-1.1123046875,
-0.1452636719,
0.1910400391,
-0.2274169922,
1.125,
0.1829833984,
0.2080078125,
1.7216796875,
-1.1953125,
-0.7158203125,
0.1436767578,
0.5336914062,
-0.2490234375,
-0.0588684082,
0.8129882812,
-0.0821533203,
-0.6181640625,
0.4653320312,
-0.3989257812,
-0.275390625,
-0.1306152344,
-0.0234375,
0.6025390625,
-0.4704589844,
0.2739257812,
0.0317687988,
0.1120605469,
0.6064453125,
-0.0907592773,
-0.5239257812,
-0.365234375,
0.46484375,
-0.4001464844,
-0.2055664062,
-0.0670166016,
-0.1005859375,
-0.2307128906,
-0.8154296875,
-1.2587890625,
0.2086181641,
0.4328613281,
-0.4729003906,
-0.69921875,
0.6987304688,
0.4118652344,
0.1517333984,
-0.1838378906,
0.0127105713,
-0.3669433594,
0.0480957031,
-0.1551513672,
0.2213134766,
-1.455078125,
-0.0146331787,
0.7421875,
-0.0135421753,
-0.3190917969,
0.1655273438,
-0.0284423828,
0.120300293,
-0.2463378906,
-0.8012695312,
-0.7485351562,
0.0289306641,
-1.1826171875,
-0.0614013672,
0.3125,
0.3608398438,
-0.3474121094,
-1.119140625,
-0.4575195312,
0.0462646484,
-0.3635253906,
0.3227539062,
0.5688476562,
-0.4663085938,
0.1293945312,
-0.8188476562,
0.5268554688,
-0.5219726562,
0.1177368164,
0.822265625,
-0.1771240234,
-0.646484375,
0.3103027344,
-0.7719726562,
0.1921386719,
-0.6826171875,
0.193359375,
0.2290039062,
-0.0651855469,
-0.6577148438,
-0.708984375,
0.8193359375,
0.2169189453,
-0.310546875,
-0.4802246094,
0.4138183594,
-0.6264648438,
0.0930786133,
0.3073730469,
-0.3559570312,
-0.4086914062,
1.203125,
1.1640625,
0.3740234375,
0.4602050781,
-0.069519043,
0.6528320312,
0.4147949219,
0.3491210938,
0.2946777344,
-0.3488769531,
0.4450683594,
0.1168212891,
-0.0885009766,
0.2023925781,
0.1159667969,
0.4455566406,
0.1597900391,
0.5727539062,
-0.4848632812,
0.4506835938,
0.3259277344,
-1.560546875,
0.054901123,
-1.51171875,
-0.6328125,
0.0225982666,
1.572265625,
0.8100585938,
0.2709960938,
0.1258544922,
0.2310791016,
-1.0634765625,
-0.1437988281,
0.3444824219,
0.5859375,
-0.4558105469,
-0.5249023438,
-0.2410888672,
-0.073425293,
0.1849365234,
-0.8823242188,
-0.0079116821,
-0.3774414062,
-0.1356201172,
-0.5737304688,
0.5576171875,
0.0426330566,
-0.0770263672,
1.501953125,
0.4982910156,
-0.1571044922,
0.0355224609,
0.0765991211,
-0.2624511719,
1.1328125,
0.232421875,
0.5458984375,
-0.7895507812,
0.6357421875,
-0.0550231934,
0.4208984375,
1.2548828125,
-0.4011230469,
0.6381835938,
-0.3171386719,
0.3276367188,
0.6474609375,
-0.2648925781,
0.484375,
0.7192382812,
0.1831054688,
-0.4167480469,
0.3110351562,
0.081237793,
0.3474121094,
-0.7329101562,
-0.7700195312,
0.2302246094,
-0.2548828125,
0.240234375,
-0.3208007812,
-0.7524414062,
-0.513671875,
0.6274414062,
0.2023925781,
0.2413330078,
0.0036010742,
-0.1806640625,
0.9106445312,
-0.3713378906,
0.5810546875,
-0.4138183594,
-0.3884277344,
-0.0505981445,
-0.65234375,
-0.0729980469,
-0.1253662109,
-0.806640625,
-0.6010742188,
-0.1221313477,
0.7788085938,
0.4772949219,
0.0692749023,
0.6274414062,
0.8432617188,
0.0775756836,
-0.1802978516,
-1.0322265625,
0.2897949219,
0.4770507812,
0.0072555542,
0.2315673828,
-0.2546386719,
-1.154296875,
-0.1740722656,
-0.0093154907,
-0.3347167969,
0.4921875,
-0.5043945312,
-0.2174072266,
0.2406005859,
0.7055664062,
-0.5717773438,
0.5283203125,
0.908203125,
0.3139648438,
-1.048828125,
0.1590576172,
0.0852050781,
0.8369140625,
-0.4389648438,
-0.2817382812,
1.037109375,
-0.0442504883,
0.2121582031,
0.1791992188,
-0.3342285156,
0.2132568359,
0.0775756836,
0.1529541016,
-1.09375,
-1.326171875,
-0.2008056641,
0.3125,
-0.185546875,
-1.3935546875,
-0.318359375,
0.9174804688,
0.0042076111,
-0.44921875,
-0.016494751,
-0.162109375,
-0.6689453125,
-0.4533691406,
-0.1334228516,
-0.6352539062,
-0.3395996094,
-0.2171630859,
0.0449523926,
0.74609375,
-0.5083007812,
-0.6342773438,
-0.1809082031,
-0.1431884766,
-0.5278320312,
0.3818359375,
0.1677246094,
1.0302734375,
-0.2481689453,
-0.7377929688,
0.2797851562,
-0.7827148438,
-0.6782226562,
-0.5229492188,
-0.8061523438,
-1.5078125,
0.0820922852,
-0.3447265625,
0.5576171875,
-0.2878417969,
-0.2897949219,
-0.83984375,
-0.3234863281,
0.4594726562,
0.5102539062,
-0.337890625,
0.7680664062,
-0.61328125,
-0.1135864258,
0.681640625,
0.572265625,
-0.611328125,
0.7592773438,
-0.2261962891,
-0.11328125,
-0.3220214844,
-1.5732421875,
-0.6567382812,
-0.4536132812,
0.0377502441,
-1.3720703125,
0.051361084,
0.7001953125,
-0.1661376953,
-0.1489257812,
1.7890625,
-0.1193847656,
0.7700195312,
0.2204589844,
-0.5439453125,
-0.4150390625,
0.283203125,
-0.0442199707,
-1.1923828125,
0.2178955078,
0.2661132812,
0.2437744141,
-0.3566894531,
0.0038471222,
-0.2602539062,
0.1602783203,
-0.1457519531,
-0.2447509766,
1.076171875,
0.2800292969,
-1.1591796875,
0.546875,
-0.35546875,
-0.5229492188,
-0.7065429688,
-0.8090820312,
0.9477539062,
0.7099609375,
0.462890625,
-0.5053710938,
0.4340820312,
-0.2663574219,
-0.1751708984,
0.0980834961,
-0.4953613281,
0.7158203125,
-0.2885742188,
0.8579101562,
0.4897460938,
0.46484375,
-0.1385498047,
0.0333557129,
0.0939331055,
-0.7836914062,
-0.541015625,
0.634765625,
-0.2429199219,
0.1416015625,
1.126953125,
-0.4929199219,
-0.8823242188,
0.1179199219,
-0.2585449219,
-0.0818481445,
0.0494995117,
-0.1760253906,
-0.1895751953,
0.0634155273,
1.30859375,
-1.4365234375,
-0.4499511719,
0.953125,
-1.125,
-0.4233398438,
0.1612548828,
0.1276855469,
-1.3447265625,
-0.591796875,
-0.1395263672,
-0.1292724609,
-0.388671875,
-0.1091308594,
0.1802978516,
-0.0441589355,
1.203125,
0.4763183594,
-0.2934570312,
-0.3081054688,
0.1106567383,
-0.5517578125,
-0.2797851562,
-0.4875488281,
-0.0186309814,
0.2587890625,
-0.0411682129,
0.8662109375,
0.3142089844,
0.4230957031,
-0.2531738281,
0.0909423828,
-0.5239257812,
-0.5932617188,
-1.5361328125,
0.0181121826,
-0.0466003418,
-0.0279998779,
-0.2388916016,
-0.4614257812,
0.3391113281,
0.609375,
-0.4753417969,
0.349609375,
0.9545898438,
0.8881835938,
-0.7280273438,
-0.0322265625,
0.1409912109,
0.2010498047,
-0.443359375,
-0.1473388672,
-0.4978027344,
0.5405273438,
-0.4484863281,
0.1244506836,
0.1296386719,
-0.3513183594,
-0.3967285156,
0.1896972656,
-1.080078125,
0.6655273438,
-0.818359375,
-0.181640625,
-0.4291992188,
-0.0393981934,
1.087890625,
-0.2243652344,
-0.0988769531,
-0.2670898438,
-0.5346679688,
-0.0248718262,
1.2685546875,
0.9497070312,
0.6494140625,
0.6870117188,
0.6586914062,
0.4296875,
0.1853027344,
0.5698242188,
0.0981445312,
1.748046875,
0.3693847656,
0.3403320312,
-0.6801757812,
0.9873046875,
-0.2631835938,
-0.1122436523,
0.3583984375,
0.6630859375,
-0.3962402344,
-0.2639160156,
-0.3193359375,
-0.3327636719,
0.7060546875,
-0.0830078125,
-0.5532226562,
0.1419677734,
0.0301971436,
-0.3950195312,
-0.2546386719,
-0.58203125,
0.2563476562,
0.1447753906,
-0.365234375,
0.3901367188,
-0.6137695312,
-0.7768554688,
0.3735351562,
0.447265625,
-0.58203125,
0.1910400391,
0.0043640137,
0.0241546631,
-0.0707397461,
0.0648803711,
-0.1610107422,
-0.3078613281,
-0.48828125,
0.3828125,
-0.0390930176,
0.2736816406,
0.2734375,
-0.9775390625,
-0.75,
-0.607421875,
-0.2797851562,
0.078918457,
0.6899414062,
0.2592773438,
0.4975585938,
0.8369140625,
-1.4365234375,
-0.1407470703,
0.6528320312,
-0.0651245117,
0.3615722656,
0.189453125,
-1.3203125,
0.4482421875,
0.66796875,
-0.3544921875,
0.2397460938,
-0.2099609375,
0.4270019531,
0.6811523438,
-0.0914306641,
-0.3200683594,
0.93359375,
-0.5302734375,
-0.2276611328,
0.2578125,
-0.9633789062,
-0.5102539062,
-0.3586425781,
-1.8837890625,
-0.2360839844,
-0.1524658203,
0.3857421875,
-0.0139846802,
1.2900390625,
-0.1295166016,
-0.4770507812,
0.2393798828,
-0.5966796875,
0.7524414062,
0.0390625,
-0.5571289062,
-0.1612548828,
0.4047851562,
0.0335388184,
0.1285400391,
-0.0883789062,
0.9951171875,
0.3823242188,
1.140625,
-0.0925292969,
-0.5795898438,
-0.8803710938,
-0.1087036133,
1.326171875,
0.0953369141,
0.8129882812,
0.7797851562,
-1.5380859375,
0.2543945312,
0.3002929688,
0.4370117188,
0.2663574219,
-0.4497070312,
-0.88671875,
0.0839233398,
0.548828125,
0.1051635742,
1.3798828125,
-0.6196289062,
-0.3740234375,
0.5249023438,
0.0424499512,
-0.515625,
0.3793945312,
0.7475585938,
0.7436523438,
-0.2478027344,
-0.7905273438,
-0.8149414062,
-0.267578125,
0.2076416016,
-0.755859375,
1.0087890625,
-0.3188476562,
-0.0403747559,
-0.919921875,
-0.0180511475,
-1.1337890625,
1.818359375,
-0.5576171875,
0.5234375,
-0.4516601562,
0.4724121094,
0.1221313477,
-0.4025878906,
-1.4140625,
0.1710205078,
-0.2473144531,
0.3354492188,
-0.3850097656,
0.634765625,
-1.638671875,
-0.443359375,
-0.9516601562,
-0.638671875,
-0.0542297363,
0.3989257812,
0.1756591797,
-0.5913085938,
0.763671875,
0.1038208008,
-1.244140625,
-0.1988525391,
-0.1997070312,
0.0263519287,
-0.0498352051,
0.4396972656,
0.2868652344,
-0.9633789062,
-0.9248046875,
-0.4055175781,
0.4724121094,
0.0169067383,
0.1409912109,
-0.5708007812,
-0.75,
1.5361328125,
0.9750976562,
0.4265136719,
0.1651611328,
0.4230957031,
0.0000286102,
0.677734375,
-0.3569335938,
1.6337890625,
0.8159179688,
-0.2442626953,
0.2369384766,
-0.2399902344,
-0.4118652344,
-0.5795898438,
0.517578125,
0.0997924805,
-0.1483154297,
-0.0682983398,
0.50390625,
-0.138671875,
0.4760742188,
0.8061523438,
-0.4970703125,
-0.9243164062,
-0.0403442383,
-0.045501709,
-0.1634521484,
-0.1708984375,
0.9970703125,
1.0322265625,
-0.1397705078,
0.4299316406,
-0.2961425781,
-0.1324462891,
0.6455078125,
-0.58984375,
-0.3635253906,
-0.5629882812,
-0.7377929688,
-0.5493164062,
0.3483886719,
0.0625610352,
-0.3989257812,
-0.1614990234,
-0.302734375,
-0.1118774414,
0.4311523438,
0.4975585938,
0.0921630859,
0.4733886719,
-0.4777832031,
1.14453125,
-0.1520996094,
0.3684082031,
0.3952636719,
-0.6782226562,
0.0628051758,
-0.232421875,
0.2646484375,
-1.0771484375,
-0.0095825195,
-0.3735351562,
-1.103515625,
0.1901855469,
-0.0752563477,
0.5034179688,
-0.4360351562,
-0.3134765625,
0.1163330078,
1.0390625,
-0.4948730469,
-1.1337890625,
0.3161621094,
0.146484375,
0.224609375,
0.8032226562,
0.5810546875,
0.3679199219,
0.4760742188,
-0.83203125,
-0.3508300781,
-0.4345703125,
0.3220214844,
-0.1209106445,
0.3435058594,
0.7465820312,
-1.31640625,
-1.0078125,
0.6137695312,
0.0189208984,
0.1993408203,
0.8930664062,
1.212890625,
0.5087890625,
0.2326660156,
0.1697998047,
0.8579101562,
0.0875854492,
0.2946777344,
-0.2136230469,
0.4523925781,
0.3771972656,
0.1651611328,
0.4250488281,
0.3317871094,
0.1970214844,
1.138671875,
-0.102722168,
-0.2216796875,
-0.1640625,
-0.8217773438,
-0.7314453125,
0.5048828125,
0.4194335938,
-0.1618652344,
-0.4162597656,
0.6875,
0.7583007812,
0.6713867188,
0.96875,
-0.1834716797,
-0.8061523438,
0.0366516113,
-1.052734375,
0.6845703125,
0.2607421875,
-1.6591796875,
0.1362304688,
0.1793212891,
-0.1196899414,
-0.2573242188,
-0.8129882812,
0.0239105225,
-0.0429382324,
0.5146484375,
-0.1459960938,
0.2437744141,
-0.2413330078,
-0.4294433594,
-0.513671875,
-0.0601501465,
0.2768554688,
0.089050293,
0.9428710938,
0.6083984375,
-0.0678710938,
-0.0948486328,
-0.0846557617,
-0.0143127441,
-0.0033054352,
0.3784179688,
0.701171875,
0.7709960938,
-0.5756835938,
-0.0144805908,
-0.9775390625,
-1.037109375,
0.0300750732,
-1.6162109375,
0.1674804688,
-0.87109375,
0.4599609375,
0.314453125,
0.4692382812,
-0.2614746094,
0.5258789062,
1.0576171875,
0.56640625,
0.2005615234,
0.1614990234,
-0.4731445312,
-0.85546875,
-0.2041015625,
0.3227539062,
1.015625,
1.1142578125,
-0.1944580078,
0.4396972656,
-0.2238769531,
0.0633544922,
0.18359375,
-0.3728027344,
0.6772460938,
0.018951416,
0.1550292969,
-0.6416015625,
0.658203125,
-0.3024902344,
0.7260742188,
-1.3193359375,
0.6748046875,
0.0549316406,
-0.3923339844,
0.0168304443,
-0.8247070312,
-1.3193359375,
0.7944335938,
0.55078125,
0.4797363281,
-0.1083984375,
0.3012695312,
-0.0293426514,
0.2573242188,
0.2465820312,
0.2077636719,
-0.0999145508,
-0.2100830078,
0.0008010864,
-0.6572265625,
0.1064453125,
-0.0400390625,
-1,
-0.0411987305,
0.9956054688,
-0.1049194336,
-0.6279296875,
-0.1181640625,
1.044921875,
0.9291992188,
0.2025146484,
0.9848632812,
-0.5747070312,
0.4660644531,
-0.3576660156,
-13.9765625,
-2.0390625,
0.4365234375,
0.533203125,
-0.5834960938,
0.990234375,
0.1313476562,
-0.7783203125,
0.5458984375,
-0.4719238281,
0.1510009766,
1.6259765625,
0.0131149292,
-0.4360351562,
0.5766601562,
-0.4614257812,
0.1403808594,
-1.2099609375,
-0.9038085938,
0.427734375,
-0.6293945312,
0.9907226562,
-1.12109375,
0.1610107422,
-0.79296875,
0.3107910156,
0.9453125,
-0.4201660156,
-0.6088867188,
1.091796875,
-0.650390625,
-0.2117919922,
-0.5444335938,
0.5336914062,
-0.541015625,
-0.1292724609,
-0.1138305664,
0.4616699219,
-0.0382385254,
-0.0302734375,
-1.275390625,
0.1293945312,
-0.8896484375,
0.1783447266,
0.5537109375,
0.6918945312,
-0.6083984375,
-0.1949462891,
-0.24609375,
-0.7333984375,
0.5024414062,
2.095703125,
-0.1020507812,
-0.1205444336,
-0.93359375,
0.3986816406,
-1.31640625,
0.7646484375,
-0.2188720703,
-0.1057128906,
-0.0562133789,
1.0859375,
1.1376953125,
-0.0880126953,
-0.4047851562,
-0.3291015625,
-1.1259765625,
-1.162109375,
-0.1531982422,
-0.5048828125,
0.5043945312,
-0.2209472656,
1.50390625,
0.3288574219,
-0.2651367188,
0.1104125977,
0.1625976562,
-0.4340820312,
0.2697753906,
0.5112304688,
0.1707763672,
-0.568359375
] |
Second memoir (1822–26)
Having presented the pieces of his theory in roughly the order of discovery, Fresnel needed to rearrange the material so as to emphasize the mechanical foundations; and he still needed a rigorous treatment of Biot's dihedral law. He attended to these matters in his "second memoir" on double refraction, published in the Recueils of the Académie des Sciences for 1824; this was not actually printed until late 1827, a few months after his death. In this work, having established the three perpendicular axes on which a displacement produces a parallel reaction, and thence constructed the surface of elasticity, he showed that Biot's dihedral law is exact provided that the binormals are taken as the optic axes, and the wave-normal direction as the direction of propagation. As early as 1822, Fresnel discussed his perpendicular axes with Cauchy. Acknowledging Fresnel's influence, Cauchy went on to develop the first rigorous theory of elasticity of non-isotropic solids (1827), hence the first rigorous theory of transverse waves therein (1830) — which he promptly tried to apply to optics. The ensuing difficulties drove a long competitive effort to find an accurate mechanical model of the aether. Fresnel's own model was not dynamically rigorous; for example, it deduced the reaction to a shear strain by considering the displacement of one particle while all others were fixed, and it assumed that the stiffness determined the wave velocity as in a stretched string, whatever the direction of the wave-normal. | [
-1.005859375,
-0.7275390625,
0.2897949219,
0.2770996094,
-0.140625,
0.0023269653,
0.3757324219,
0.3737792969,
0.9111328125,
0.1959228516,
0.0187072754,
-0.3276367188,
-0.1267089844,
-0.2280273438,
0.7358398438,
0.505859375,
-0.0930175781,
-0.8149414062,
-0.7607421875,
0.1971435547,
-0.3876953125,
-0.3786621094,
-0.5151367188,
-0.7163085938,
-1.4765625,
0.7250976562,
0.560546875,
0.0706787109,
0.2126464844,
0.0209655762,
0.857421875,
-0.25,
-0.0607910156,
-0.2885742188,
0.0744628906,
1.1162109375,
-0.4602050781,
-0.1102905273,
-0.0500183105,
0.3083496094,
-0.3117675781,
-1.4951171875,
0.126953125,
0.1513671875,
0.8178710938,
-0.3244628906,
-0.0492248535,
-0.0260620117,
0.1115112305,
-1.359375,
-0.3891601562,
-0.4404296875,
-0.0515136719,
-0.7587890625,
-0.2069091797,
-0.8793945312,
0.7202148438,
0.3210449219,
0.3520507812,
0.705078125,
-0.7270507812,
0.7231445312,
-0.0059890747,
-0.3264160156,
1.1162109375,
-0.8129882812,
-1.09375,
-0.7314453125,
0.4577636719,
0.443359375,
-0.8002929688,
0.3120117188,
0.1456298828,
-0.673828125,
-1.05078125,
-0.0442199707,
-1.765625,
0.6694335938,
0.6362304688,
0.3061523438,
-0.4768066406,
-0.873046875,
-0.3601074219,
-1.412109375,
-0.7294921875,
-0.6069335938,
1.2587890625,
0.2416992188,
-1.1162109375,
1.419921875,
0.1889648438,
0.008392334,
-0.5400390625,
0.5224609375,
0.0286712646,
0.2526855469,
-0.5942382812,
-2.701171875,
-0.7543945312,
-0.8271484375,
0.4018554688,
-0.91015625,
1.4658203125,
0.2496337891,
0.2021484375,
1.4267578125,
-0.6967773438,
-0.1928710938,
0.6884765625,
0.97265625,
-0.0144042969,
-0.3100585938,
1.134765625,
0.638671875,
-0.724609375,
0.5498046875,
-1.1962890625,
-0.43359375,
-0.3820800781,
-0.1922607422,
0.4104003906,
0.3454589844,
0.2137451172,
0.0211334229,
0.1776123047,
0.4553222656,
-0.142578125,
-0.60546875,
-0.0437011719,
0.4487304688,
-0.0545349121,
-0.0560913086,
-0.3469238281,
0.615234375,
-0.1865234375,
-0.9145507812,
-1.2841796875,
-0.0290527344,
0.3493652344,
-0.3439941406,
-0.2424316406,
0.9125976562,
0.2683105469,
0.3317871094,
-0.061706543,
-0.0640869141,
0.1761474609,
0.3957519531,
0.1774902344,
0.314453125,
-0.9970703125,
-1.1171875,
0.8237304688,
-0.1771240234,
-0.2242431641,
0.2377929688,
0.5834960938,
0.1215820312,
-0.5439453125,
-0.64453125,
-0.3188476562,
0.1760253906,
-1.203125,
0.1687011719,
0.2517089844,
0.5869140625,
-0.3107910156,
-0.359375,
-0.6235351562,
0.6362304688,
-0.2342529297,
0.5063476562,
0.2573242188,
-0.7026367188,
0.3481445312,
-1.3916015625,
0.9555664062,
-0.4953613281,
0.3020019531,
1.22265625,
-0.0334777832,
-0.7905273438,
-0.2044677734,
-0.7470703125,
-0.1671142578,
-0.4821777344,
-0.3464355469,
-0.5493164062,
-0.533203125,
-0.6694335938,
0.2529296875,
0.708984375,
0.2404785156,
-1.05078125,
-1.1708984375,
0.2216796875,
-1.2109375,
-0.2231445312,
0.1817626953,
-0.2061767578,
-0.0190734863,
0.873046875,
0.6489257812,
0.7094726562,
0.53125,
-0.14453125,
0.8466796875,
-0.1311035156,
0.3334960938,
0.2548828125,
-0.4714355469,
1.5087890625,
-0.2463378906,
0.2380371094,
-0.3127441406,
0.1088867188,
0.6713867188,
0.6958007812,
0.501953125,
-0.7470703125,
0.4897460938,
0.2491455078,
-1.240234375,
0.2384033203,
-1.919921875,
0.572265625,
-0.6176757812,
1.4345703125,
0.3239746094,
0.2386474609,
0.3745117188,
-0.5068359375,
-1.74609375,
-0.2274169922,
0.1956787109,
0.4365234375,
-0.4638671875,
-1.4951171875,
-0.208984375,
0.1475830078,
0.3474121094,
-0.7309570312,
-0.1650390625,
-0.2663574219,
0.4157714844,
-0.4851074219,
1.2490234375,
0.3361816406,
0.3530273438,
1.185546875,
0.3657226562,
-0.3295898438,
0.1677246094,
0.1204223633,
-0.4338378906,
1.640625,
0.0881347656,
0.93359375,
0.7119140625,
0.3483886719,
-0.3247070312,
0.3439941406,
1.8154296875,
-1.02734375,
0.5415039062,
-0.6440429688,
0.7041015625,
0.4448242188,
-0.451171875,
0.34375,
0.2097167969,
-0.81640625,
-0.4580078125,
-0.3198242188,
0.2724609375,
0.552734375,
-0.4602050781,
-0.4868164062,
0.2651367188,
-0.5141601562,
-0.0280609131,
-0.8247070312,
-0.2159423828,
-0.673828125,
0.4741210938,
0.4313964844,
0.1948242188,
-0.9047851562,
-0.0177307129,
0.9677734375,
-0.1427001953,
-0.2009277344,
-0.755859375,
-0.1348876953,
0.1331787109,
-0.1397705078,
-0.7084960938,
0.0056533813,
-1.0693359375,
-0.4387207031,
0.2073974609,
0.8901367188,
-0.1879882812,
0.5087890625,
0.294921875,
0.9140625,
-0.609375,
0.5078125,
-1.2373046875,
0.3969726562,
1.5625,
-0.9204101562,
0.0363769531,
-0.8413085938,
-0.7822265625,
0.0627441406,
-0.0139083862,
-0.2100830078,
0.8408203125,
-0.8344726562,
-0.51953125,
0.4619140625,
0.2138671875,
-0.2924804688,
0.1964111328,
0.7436523438,
0.0955810547,
-1.189453125,
-0.1859130859,
0.4782714844,
0.7182617188,
0.1198120117,
-0.4716796875,
1.0048828125,
0.505859375,
0.0510559082,
0.1084594727,
-0.1122436523,
0.1859130859,
-0.4020996094,
-0.1719970703,
-0.84375,
-1.1923828125,
-0.5463867188,
0.2795410156,
-0.4592285156,
-1.19921875,
-0.0695800781,
1.359375,
-0.2573242188,
-1.1025390625,
0.4443359375,
-0.5834960938,
-0.0015211105,
-0.642578125,
0.9887695312,
-0.212890625,
-0.474609375,
0.2722167969,
-0.3896484375,
0.0258636475,
-0.1312255859,
-1.0361328125,
-0.4399414062,
0.0635986328,
-0.3771972656,
0.0869750977,
-0.092956543,
1.8583984375,
-0.037689209,
-0.1752929688,
-0.0974731445,
-0.599609375,
-0.5087890625,
-0.4123535156,
-0.0258789062,
-1.58984375,
0.1552734375,
-0.8203125,
-0.1833496094,
-0.5068359375,
-0.8022460938,
-1.263671875,
-0.1534423828,
0.5947265625,
-0.0595397949,
-0.3791503906,
0.3598632812,
-0.6811523438,
0.51953125,
0.931640625,
0.2917480469,
-0.4460449219,
-0.0351867676,
-0.0681762695,
-0.0809936523,
-0.0240936279,
-1.2177734375,
-0.755859375,
0.3500976562,
0.2785644531,
-0.9008789062,
-0.0655517578,
0.4389648438,
-0.0590209961,
0.0467834473,
1.80078125,
-0.5126953125,
0.6181640625,
-0.2604980469,
-0.5776367188,
0.0253753662,
-0.1942138672,
0.1301269531,
-1.7607421875,
-0.0818481445,
-0.0214385986,
0.5034179688,
-0.2907714844,
-0.1017456055,
-0.0292816162,
0.1143188477,
0.0897216797,
-1.1669921875,
0.9580078125,
0.2045898438,
-0.2568359375,
0.25390625,
0.0958862305,
-0.1427001953,
-0.7041015625,
-1.0126953125,
0.7758789062,
1.1650390625,
0.8862304688,
-0.4931640625,
0.4155273438,
-0.5620117188,
-0.02684021,
0.0177001953,
-0.4318847656,
1.263671875,
-0.7612304688,
0.5161132812,
0.3122558594,
1.06640625,
0.2021484375,
-0.3103027344,
1.0595703125,
-0.8530273438,
-0.0474243164,
0.7314453125,
-0.4858398438,
0.2310791016,
0.5639648438,
-0.912109375,
0.1213989258,
-0.0742797852,
-0.1882324219,
0.0258178711,
0.0089035034,
-0.7202148438,
-0.228515625,
0.4714355469,
0.3754882812,
-1.1923828125,
0.5732421875,
0.3415527344,
-1.001953125,
0.7827148438,
-0.2883300781,
0.0614929199,
-1.310546875,
-0.884765625,
-0.5419921875,
0.1512451172,
-0.1279296875,
0.2225341797,
-0.0172424316,
-0.9497070312,
0.8999023438,
0.5913085938,
0.2091064453,
0.1837158203,
-0.1779785156,
-0.544921875,
-0.1529541016,
-0.470703125,
-0.4294433594,
-1.1865234375,
-0.5126953125,
0.5659179688,
-0.0044403076,
0.3654785156,
-0.0122909546,
-0.5610351562,
-1.1630859375,
-0.4196777344,
-2.203125,
0.1636962891,
-0.0353393555,
-0.2335205078,
-0.3779296875,
-0.9189453125,
0.580078125,
0.3671875,
-0.2481689453,
-0.3166503906,
1.3720703125,
0.7607421875,
-0.79296875,
-0.990234375,
0.3374023438,
-0.0287475586,
-0.185546875,
-0.3237304688,
0.2026367188,
0.3181152344,
-0.353515625,
0.5864257812,
0.4182128906,
-0.0963745117,
0.8603515625,
0.470703125,
0.1359863281,
1.0107421875,
-0.763671875,
-0.5131835938,
-0.6254882812,
0.6494140625,
0.7607421875,
0.5151367188,
-0.1195068359,
-0.0895385742,
-0.9331054688,
0.2017822266,
1.0361328125,
1.2763671875,
0.8291015625,
0.8095703125,
0.0341186523,
0.4567871094,
0.0192718506,
0.2166748047,
0.1499023438,
2.142578125,
0.478515625,
0.5834960938,
0.050994873,
0.7407226562,
-0.4624023438,
-0.1429443359,
0.736328125,
-0.1045532227,
-0.4008789062,
-0.4323730469,
-0.5795898438,
-0.5131835938,
-0.0469665527,
-0.1417236328,
-0.7978515625,
0.7963867188,
0.310546875,
0.0788574219,
-0.3046875,
0.1132202148,
0.4716796875,
0.3413085938,
-0.7866210938,
0.1271972656,
0.4543457031,
-0.65625,
1.00390625,
-0.2712402344,
0.3061523438,
0.1017456055,
-0.3220214844,
-0.3083496094,
0.1251220703,
-0.0919189453,
-0.673828125,
0.6499023438,
-0.5205078125,
-0.3395996094,
0.0122680664,
-0.3405761719,
0.4680175781,
-0.1014404297,
0.0221405029,
-0.5356445312,
-0.6694335938,
-0.61328125,
0.5561523438,
0.3395996094,
0.6323242188,
-0.2351074219,
-1.5673828125,
0.380859375,
0.4375,
0.1268310547,
0.4958496094,
-0.0941162109,
-0.2749023438,
0.5297851562,
0.7856445312,
-0.6567382812,
-0.2153320312,
0.3823242188,
0.8286132812,
0.5512695312,
-0.123046875,
-0.62890625,
1.1064453125,
-0.5810546875,
-0.0871582031,
-0.1151123047,
-0.7255859375,
-0.6845703125,
-0.4304199219,
-0.9936523438,
-0.6333007812,
0.0632324219,
0.3842773438,
0.0998535156,
1.2998046875,
-0.361328125,
-0.5727539062,
0.3051757812,
-0.5659179688,
0.6142578125,
0.012840271,
-1.0390625,
0.2624511719,
0.5966796875,
0.3073730469,
0.2105712891,
-0.1813964844,
1.0791015625,
0.7934570312,
0.4099121094,
0.2326660156,
-0.6791992188,
-0.6884765625,
0.1116333008,
0.8754882812,
0.4091796875,
1.068359375,
0.1812744141,
-1.623046875,
0.412109375,
0.513671875,
0.4094238281,
0.2110595703,
0.1768798828,
-0.4455566406,
0.2663574219,
-0.6474609375,
-0.1090087891,
0.4104003906,
-0.3400878906,
0.5122070312,
0.6171875,
0.7685546875,
-0.0834350586,
0.1115722656,
0.53125,
1.1767578125,
-0.0888671875,
-0.3999023438,
-0.6123046875,
-0.1301269531,
0.5981445312,
-0.5380859375,
1.0244140625,
-0.2313232422,
0.1658935547,
-1.072265625,
0.6948242188,
-0.7099609375,
0.748046875,
-0.4436035156,
-0.4890136719,
-0.6508789062,
0.2117919922,
-0.0008878708,
-0.7158203125,
-1.265625,
0.4211425781,
0.0215606689,
0.4404296875,
0.4558105469,
0.8061523438,
-1.7021484375,
-0.0031108856,
-0.8706054688,
-1.287109375,
0.3737792969,
0.5424804688,
0.4406738281,
-0.583984375,
1.4326171875,
-0.2661132812,
-0.4467773438,
-0.611328125,
-0.7319335938,
-0.1875,
-0.1317138672,
0.3359375,
0.6435546875,
-1.193359375,
-0.9086914062,
-0.7744140625,
-0.2687988281,
0.3835449219,
0.3520507812,
-0.3618164062,
-0.6142578125,
1.220703125,
0.95703125,
0.2137451172,
0.525390625,
0.693359375,
-0.1593017578,
0.2387695312,
-0.0296478271,
1.0791015625,
0.3525390625,
0.1575927734,
0.0614929199,
-0.2082519531,
-0.6166992188,
-0.3400878906,
0.9296875,
0.4841308594,
-0.4245605469,
0.2215576172,
0.6796875,
-0.3227539062,
0.1745605469,
0.7065429688,
-0.2110595703,
-0.4604492188,
0.0519104004,
-0.3623046875,
0.1192626953,
-0.8071289062,
1.1845703125,
0.486328125,
-0.3276367188,
0.2396240234,
-1.095703125,
-0.2790527344,
0.8481445312,
-0.52734375,
-0.6020507812,
-0.1970214844,
-0.814453125,
-0.5361328125,
0.2797851562,
0.4184570312,
-0.2205810547,
-0.3723144531,
-0.5922851562,
-0.0645141602,
-0.1723632812,
0.8471679688,
-0.34375,
0.6557617188,
0.580078125,
1.28125,
0.083190918,
1.30859375,
0.1968994141,
-0.3806152344,
0.5693359375,
-0.1912841797,
-0.2303466797,
-1.0595703125,
0.646484375,
-0.814453125,
-1.39453125,
-0.1502685547,
0.5234375,
0.3791503906,
-0.6108398438,
-0.1047363281,
0.6616210938,
0.8569335938,
-1.09375,
-0.7456054688,
1,
-0.3701171875,
0.5146484375,
0.3354492188,
0.1090087891,
-0.1162109375,
0.4011230469,
-1.095703125,
-0.1291503906,
0.3256835938,
0.6494140625,
-0.7568359375,
0.4348144531,
0.3479003906,
-1.375,
0.681640625,
0.171875,
0.6181640625,
0.9106445312,
0.2182617188,
0.859375,
0.6557617188,
0.7333984375,
0.2141113281,
0.8779296875,
-0.4680175781,
0.0163421631,
-0.7373046875,
0.1564941406,
0.3103027344,
-0.2435302734,
-0.0458068848,
0.822265625,
-0.4240722656,
0.9907226562,
0.1887207031,
-0.5791015625,
-0.1254882812,
-1.189453125,
-0.2856445312,
0.6064453125,
0.1452636719,
0.4768066406,
-0.1336669922,
1.0556640625,
0.7973632812,
0.2265625,
0.0773925781,
0.1649169922,
-0.5991210938,
0.91796875,
-0.4304199219,
-0.1818847656,
-0.2431640625,
-0.7060546875,
1.18359375,
0.1657714844,
-0.3469238281,
-0.673828125,
-0.5229492188,
-0.4575195312,
-1.0166015625,
-0.2252197266,
-0.6416015625,
-0.3542480469,
-0.7817382812,
-1.0810546875,
-0.0767211914,
0.3740234375,
-0.0140380859,
-0.4479980469,
1.16796875,
0.783203125,
-0.1258544922,
-0.2663574219,
-0.0020980835,
0.154296875,
0.4692382812,
0.6162109375,
1.052734375,
1.1513671875,
-0.447265625,
0.0878295898,
-0.5771484375,
-0.76171875,
0.4274902344,
-1.546875,
-0.2512207031,
-0.2536621094,
0.0211181641,
-0.0118026733,
0.114074707,
-0.0742797852,
0.5966796875,
0.4262695312,
0.3835449219,
0.4702148438,
0.6254882812,
0.0545959473,
-1.3134765625,
-0.482421875,
0.5458984375,
1.2734375,
1.359375,
-0.4169921875,
0.2258300781,
-0.0291442871,
-0.2401123047,
0.2344970703,
-0.4619140625,
0.3850097656,
0.1975097656,
-0.2924804688,
-0.5307617188,
0.1617431641,
-0.19140625,
1.1494140625,
-1.7412109375,
0.3283691406,
0.2038574219,
-0.2707519531,
-0.1511230469,
-0.9326171875,
-0.7817382812,
1.658203125,
0.2470703125,
0.4331054688,
-0.1109008789,
0.7470703125,
-0.1411132812,
-0.1687011719,
-0.3591308594,
-0.4189453125,
-0.0262451172,
-0.3959960938,
0.4711914062,
-0.5625,
0.1352539062,
0.1864013672,
-0.87890625,
0.1479492188,
0.943359375,
0.4333496094,
-0.7163085938,
-0.1624755859,
0.66796875,
1.0556640625,
-0.3850097656,
0.8842773438,
-0.3237304688,
0.1456298828,
-0.1380615234,
-12.1328125,
-2.63671875,
0.2624511719,
0.4384765625,
-0.8315429688,
0.4853515625,
-0.038482666,
-1.04296875,
-0.0515136719,
-1.18359375,
-0.045715332,
1.1640625,
0.2766113281,
-0.8681640625,
0.3713378906,
-0.515625,
0.4675292969,
-1.712890625,
0.1235351562,
0.3916015625,
0.0996704102,
1.7529296875,
-1.44921875,
0.6967773438,
-0.6704101562,
1.0322265625,
1.1494140625,
-0.8125,
-0.6958007812,
1.68359375,
-0.3579101562,
0.0500183105,
-0.2712402344,
0.1455078125,
-0.712890625,
-0.6796875,
0.505859375,
0.3344726562,
-0.0961914062,
0.0546569824,
-1.111328125,
-0.6240234375,
-0.9931640625,
-0.6440429688,
0.6044921875,
0.9643554688,
-0.9985351562,
-0.2232666016,
-0.2512207031,
-0.9609375,
0.2082519531,
0.3835449219,
-0.4616699219,
-0.3100585938,
-1.07421875,
0.1922607422,
-1.1201171875,
0.1634521484,
-0.1461181641,
-0.0887451172,
-0.75390625,
0.8955078125,
0.67578125,
-0.1927490234,
-0.7543945312,
-0.466796875,
-0.4299316406,
-1.505859375,
-0.775390625,
-0.6318359375,
0.4448242188,
-0.0185546875,
1.962890625,
0.8833007812,
-0.9360351562,
0.408203125,
0.3012695312,
-0.0141525269,
-0.1716308594,
0.0228881836,
-0.7055664062,
0.0503845215
] |
But it was enough to enable the wave theory to do what selectionist theory could not: generate testable formulae covering a comprehensive range of optical phenomena, from mechanical assumptions. Photoelasticity, multiple-prism experiments (1822)
In 1815, Brewster reported that colors appear when a slice of isotropic material, placed between crossed polarizers, is mechanically stressed. Brewster himself immediately and correctly attributed this phenomenon to stress-induced birefringence — now known as photoelasticity. In a memoir read in September 1822, Fresnel announced that he had verified Brewster's diagnosis more directly, by compressing a combination of glass prisms so severely that one could actually see a double image through it. In his experiment, Fresnel lined up seven 45°-90°-45° prisms, short side to short side, with their 90° angles pointing in alternating directions. Two half-prisms were added at the ends to make the whole assembly rectangular. The prisms were separated by thin films of turpentine (térébenthine) to suppress internal reflections, allowing a clear line of sight along the row. When the four prisms with similar orientations were compressed in a vise across the line of sight, an object viewed through the assembly produced two images with perpendicular polarizations, with an apparent spacing of 1.5mm at one metre. | [
-0.4755859375,
-0.1672363281,
0.4389648438,
0.3708496094,
0.1274414062,
0.1578369141,
0.2102050781,
-0.2080078125,
1.1416015625,
0.1796875,
-1.0458984375,
-0.3557128906,
-0.6259765625,
-0.6010742188,
0.2614746094,
-0.6801757812,
0.0276031494,
-1.123046875,
-0.1976318359,
1.0107421875,
0.0222015381,
-0.3688964844,
-0.5249023438,
0.0151062012,
-1.2333984375,
-0.48046875,
-0.1229858398,
-0.5078125,
0.0436706543,
0.0096664429,
-0.7543945312,
0.1243896484,
-0.9892578125,
-0.5571289062,
0.2320556641,
1.0458984375,
0.0591430664,
-0.2071533203,
0.1390380859,
0.1280517578,
0.2797851562,
-0.6787109375,
0.0699462891,
-0.1801757812,
-0.2890625,
0.0601501465,
0.4916992188,
0.1689453125,
-0.525390625,
-0.3176269531,
-0.56640625,
-0.7670898438,
0.2292480469,
-0.0074920654,
0.2741699219,
-0.3217773438,
0.3486328125,
0.7578125,
0.6767578125,
0.5922851562,
0.1551513672,
1.015625,
0.3125,
-0.626953125,
0.2259521484,
-0.556640625,
-0.7138671875,
-0.4665527344,
-0.057800293,
-0.1481933594,
-0.75390625,
0.2249755859,
-0.1865234375,
-1.16796875,
0.1955566406,
0.3391113281,
-0.8520507812,
0.1929931641,
0.5825195312,
0.4111328125,
-0.1569824219,
-0.2634277344,
-0.2893066406,
-0.9560546875,
-1.1650390625,
-0.4548339844,
0.5263671875,
-0.6762695312,
-1.1826171875,
1.7158203125,
-0.1324462891,
-0.7446289062,
-1.3935546875,
-0.2448730469,
-0.2893066406,
-0.2175292969,
-0.6103515625,
-0.90234375,
-1.19921875,
-0.0913085938,
0.2342529297,
-1.4697265625,
0.7744140625,
0.3803710938,
-0.4851074219,
0.6196289062,
-0.3063964844,
-0.1245117188,
0.0658569336,
0.7373046875,
0.3293457031,
0.3508300781,
0.80078125,
0.4379882812,
-1.04296875,
0.3288574219,
-0.7778320312,
-0.1623535156,
-0.7509765625,
-0.3569335938,
0.0838623047,
0.8227539062,
0.3737792969,
-0.8676757812,
0.2758789062,
0.2380371094,
-0.6303710938,
-1.2373046875,
0.1557617188,
-0.1878662109,
0.4924316406,
-0.28125,
-0.4575195312,
-0.3259277344,
-0.1696777344,
-0.4450683594,
-0.8100585938,
0.265625,
-0.1483154297,
-0.2196044922,
-0.3288574219,
0.4006347656,
0.6801757812,
-0.3740234375,
0.7373046875,
-0.1704101562,
-0.3364257812,
0.4714355469,
-0.3427734375,
0.6826171875,
-1.509765625,
-0.7348632812,
0.5473632812,
0.045715332,
-0.546875,
0.2150878906,
0.0615844727,
-0.2492675781,
-1.291015625,
0.2082519531,
-0.787109375,
0.275390625,
-0.1923828125,
-0.0806884766,
-0.3872070312,
0.1652832031,
-0.1192626953,
-1.482421875,
-0.1513671875,
0.3247070312,
-0.0932006836,
0.0925292969,
-0.006111145,
0.845703125,
-0.3833007812,
-1.3447265625,
0.4753417969,
-0.1860351562,
0.2849121094,
1.423828125,
0.3142089844,
-0.2347412109,
-0.2145996094,
-0.658203125,
0.4035644531,
-0.1140136719,
0.1329345703,
0.1721191406,
-0.1922607422,
-0.6772460938,
0.4956054688,
0.9423828125,
-0.3129882812,
0.0419921875,
-0.87890625,
-0.0349731445,
-1.0380859375,
-0.4577636719,
0.2169189453,
0.560546875,
-0.0079956055,
0.7377929688,
0.3937988281,
0.0977172852,
-0.1122436523,
0.2401123047,
-0.0312805176,
0.7719726562,
0.5810546875,
0.611328125,
-0.3239746094,
1.068359375,
-0.2314453125,
1.3759765625,
0.6264648438,
-0.2575683594,
0.326171875,
0.1131591797,
0.576171875,
-0.3344726562,
-0.3840332031,
0.5122070312,
-2.28515625,
0.2746582031,
-1.6533203125,
0.7739257812,
-0.328125,
1.63671875,
0.4870605469,
0.0474853516,
0.5947265625,
-0.1252441406,
-1.064453125,
-0.1530761719,
-0.15625,
0.4484863281,
0.1789550781,
-1.017578125,
-0.5903320312,
-0.6948242188,
-0.2440185547,
-0.9624023438,
0.3422851562,
-0.4477539062,
0.0869750977,
-1.5205078125,
0.3247070312,
-0.2298583984,
0.259765625,
0.3430175781,
0.1518554688,
-0.3413085938,
0.1497802734,
-0.1806640625,
-0.1810302734,
0.7163085938,
0.1145629883,
0.5834960938,
1.1474609375,
0.7807617188,
-0.0027046204,
0.3852539062,
0.8115234375,
-0.3447265625,
0.6459960938,
-0.3039550781,
1.20703125,
0.0211639404,
-0.1007080078,
-0.1105957031,
0.3525390625,
-0.2122802734,
0.1680908203,
-0.28515625,
0.0299072266,
0.4372558594,
-0.0853881836,
-0.2044677734,
-0.2073974609,
-0.279296875,
0.5522460938,
-0.1765136719,
-0.4240722656,
-0.8461914062,
0.4858398438,
0.9169921875,
0.2458496094,
-0.5444335938,
-0.30078125,
-0.0833129883,
0.1606445312,
0.1363525391,
-1.0595703125,
-0.4831542969,
0.1873779297,
-1.2939453125,
0.4130859375,
0.56640625,
-0.5532226562,
-0.6240234375,
0.8100585938,
1.537109375,
-0.1846923828,
0.2440185547,
0.986328125,
0.7749023438,
-1.0126953125,
0.0165557861,
-0.8046875,
-0.0722045898,
-0.5317382812,
0.0250244141,
0.2817382812,
-1.1064453125,
-0.4758300781,
0.5673828125,
-0.2066650391,
-0.1300048828,
-0.619140625,
-0.4387207031,
0.19921875,
0.3132324219,
-0.0265808105,
-0.8056640625,
-0.0480651855,
0.7138671875,
-0.7763671875,
-1.3076171875,
-0.2104492188,
0.2578125,
1.2646484375,
0.0560302734,
0.0477294922,
0.466796875,
-0.0782470703,
0.0825805664,
0.1472167969,
-0.0096969604,
-0.2320556641,
-0.4147949219,
-0.0955200195,
-1.1611328125,
-0.60546875,
0.5712890625,
-0.2961425781,
0.1729736328,
-1.1748046875,
-0.3005371094,
0.2381591797,
-0.1339111328,
-0.5375976562,
-0.576171875,
0.0690917969,
-0.701171875,
-0.28125,
0.0840454102,
-0.5244140625,
-0.5908203125,
-0.9331054688,
0.8676757812,
-0.3732910156,
-0.5751953125,
0.0869750977,
-0.4626464844,
-1.1982421875,
-0.2507324219,
0.0031452179,
-0.0962524414,
1.1015625,
0.4260253906,
-0.3693847656,
0.1853027344,
-0.2766113281,
0.0935058594,
-0.8452148438,
-0.7797851562,
-1.7080078125,
-0.4494628906,
-0.2193603516,
-0.0873413086,
-0.3498535156,
-0.14453125,
-0.5854492188,
-0.6826171875,
1.046875,
0.4487304688,
-1.232421875,
0.1811523438,
-0.1295166016,
0.37890625,
0.4265136719,
1.1845703125,
0.0660400391,
-0.2282714844,
-0.4135742188,
0.0952758789,
0.106262207,
-1.2705078125,
-0.1232299805,
-0.1035766602,
0.17578125,
-0.7094726562,
-0.1448974609,
0.6201171875,
-0.353515625,
-0.20703125,
2.197265625,
0.9506835938,
0.2220458984,
-0.3713378906,
-0.4077148438,
0.0979003906,
-0.3295898438,
-0.4091796875,
-1.2568359375,
-0.4262695312,
0.1130371094,
0.1047363281,
-0.2097167969,
0.5415039062,
0.0362548828,
0.2213134766,
0.8930664062,
-0.2084960938,
1.1298828125,
-0.4069824219,
0.0739135742,
-0.47265625,
0.5258789062,
-0.7231445312,
-0.8999023438,
-0.603515625,
0.1490478516,
0.9077148438,
0.9370117188,
-0.3159179688,
0.4460449219,
0.0114212036,
0.098449707,
-0.5922851562,
0.4597167969,
1.4169921875,
0.1087646484,
1.1962890625,
0.3542480469,
0.2209472656,
-0.259765625,
-0.3454589844,
0.818359375,
-0.003068924,
0.34375,
0.3916015625,
-0.0177764893,
0.6088867188,
0.7622070312,
0.4497070312,
-0.0531616211,
-0.2010498047,
0.1904296875,
-0.3020019531,
0.0361633301,
-0.2673339844,
0.2670898438,
0.4584960938,
0.8374023438,
-0.6743164062,
-0.3518066406,
0.7436523438,
-0.236328125,
-0.1591796875,
-0.0152053833,
-0.0512084961,
-1.3837890625,
-0.0891723633,
-0.46484375,
0.2347412109,
0.1538085938,
-0.0603942871,
0.4599609375,
-0.0665283203,
0.9799804688,
0.4895019531,
0.5278320312,
0.1391601562,
-0.2534179688,
-0.4841308594,
-0.244140625,
0.546875,
-0.5805664062,
-0.0124206543,
0.1109619141,
0.2685546875,
0.2333984375,
0.4597167969,
0.5502929688,
-0.01902771,
-1.0087890625,
0.6684570312,
-1.4296875,
0.4528808594,
-0.0491333008,
-0.8452148438,
-0.3701171875,
-0.8798828125,
-0.1216430664,
0.5053710938,
1.392578125,
-0.1019287109,
1.2353515625,
0.0612792969,
-0.035736084,
-0.3703613281,
0.8334960938,
-0.0612487793,
-0.1075439453,
-0.5307617188,
0.4541015625,
0.6723632812,
-0.1602783203,
0.57421875,
0.8676757812,
-0.1451416016,
0.3508300781,
-0.453125,
-0.7250976562,
0.7192382812,
-0.517578125,
-0.3542480469,
-0.7734375,
-0.1259765625,
1.0078125,
0.1938476562,
0.3540039062,
-0.6123046875,
-0.4755859375,
-0.4858398438,
1.1884765625,
0.1271972656,
1.302734375,
0.2604980469,
0.1505126953,
1.08203125,
0.0544433594,
0.0692138672,
0.7573242188,
0.9067382812,
0.1341552734,
-0.2475585938,
0.0135955811,
0.8217773438,
-0.0357666016,
-0.3374023438,
1.267578125,
0.0957641602,
-0.2580566406,
-0.4445800781,
-0.396484375,
0.1396484375,
0.5815429688,
0.357421875,
0.0873413086,
-0.3933105469,
-0.051574707,
0.3889160156,
-0.3254394531,
-0.3679199219,
-0.0915527344,
0.0031700134,
-0.5927734375,
0.1176147461,
0.28515625,
-1.015625,
0.0944824219,
-0.2973632812,
0.4838867188,
-0.5,
-0.3615722656,
-0.4855957031,
-0.0074081421,
0.0019102097,
-0.828125,
0.1520996094,
-0.8813476562,
0.2729492188,
0.1866455078,
-0.2668457031,
0.0817871094,
-0.587890625,
-0.4086914062,
-0.2092285156,
0.3059082031,
-0.9370117188,
0.3937988281,
-0.208984375,
0.3854980469,
-0.0220794678,
-1.3408203125,
0.1541748047,
1.4306640625,
-0.036529541,
0.4289550781,
0.501953125,
-1.5302734375,
0.8774414062,
1.025390625,
-0.1982421875,
-0.3986816406,
0.0257720947,
0.2254638672,
0.2386474609,
-0.3015136719,
-0.4848632812,
1.224609375,
-0.6821289062,
0.1571044922,
-0.3923339844,
0.3112792969,
-0.3713378906,
-0.1383056641,
-1.359375,
-0.5151367188,
-0.0969848633,
-0.1337890625,
0.12890625,
1.791015625,
-0.2276611328,
-0.4790039062,
0.6435546875,
-0.5126953125,
0.6767578125,
0.623046875,
-1.2802734375,
0.404296875,
0.0914306641,
-0.7885742188,
0.3583984375,
-0.1776123047,
0.9467773438,
0.1854248047,
0.1115112305,
-0.34765625,
0.4614257812,
-1.3154296875,
-0.1667480469,
0.3227539062,
0.2039794922,
0.68359375,
-0.0709228516,
-0.2971191406,
0.1468505859,
0.66015625,
0.0131759644,
0.7192382812,
-0.7319335938,
0.5493164062,
-0.3198242188,
-0.138671875,
0.0810546875,
1.0400390625,
0.4323730469,
0.1513671875,
0.3420410156,
0.4299316406,
-0.3837890625,
-0.53515625,
1.4931640625,
1.0478515625,
-0.1433105469,
-0.5942382812,
-0.6606445312,
0.216796875,
0.0439147949,
-0.6884765625,
0.6860351562,
-0.0939941406,
-0.5834960938,
-0.3967285156,
-0.3154296875,
-0.5170898438,
0.7348632812,
-0.5400390625,
0.2868652344,
-1.02734375,
0.1597900391,
-0.1596679688,
-0.94921875,
-1.83203125,
0.3225097656,
-0.3422851562,
0.091796875,
0.7666015625,
0.2025146484,
-0.7797851562,
-0.3957519531,
-1.4296875,
-0.8090820312,
-0.0676879883,
1.2265625,
-0.9252929688,
-0.1172485352,
0.822265625,
0.6513671875,
-0.0208892822,
0.0599975586,
-1.16796875,
-0.2423095703,
0.1862792969,
0.2883300781,
0.0747070312,
-1.8310546875,
-1,
-1.1513671875,
0.4147949219,
-0.9223632812,
0.2846679688,
-0.0340576172,
-0.650390625,
0.9267578125,
1.4228515625,
0.3132324219,
0.5200195312,
1.033203125,
-0.5776367188,
-0.486328125,
-0.5405273438,
1.3330078125,
0.4165039062,
-0.2766113281,
0.1278076172,
0.1295166016,
-0.8901367188,
-0.2415771484,
0.0821533203,
-0.5307617188,
-0.0001108646,
-0.5063476562,
0.615234375,
0.0014362335,
0.0083084106,
0.5927734375,
-0.0336608887,
-1.69140625,
-0.4057617188,
0.4663085938,
0.0233001709,
-0.1173706055,
1.1767578125,
0.6352539062,
-0.1373291016,
-0.5893554688,
-0.625,
0.3142089844,
0.7963867188,
-0.81640625,
-0.4011230469,
0.4514160156,
-0.5415039062,
-1.5791015625,
1.16015625,
0.4252929688,
-0.2834472656,
-0.0606689453,
-0.0574035645,
-0.2327880859,
0.2149658203,
0.1116333008,
0.1600341797,
0.2451171875,
0.0039482117,
0.8623046875,
-0.1472167969,
0.6416015625,
0.6469726562,
-0.546875,
0.0422973633,
0.4230957031,
0.0940551758,
-0.1845703125,
0.8056640625,
0.3791503906,
-1.2783203125,
0.5317382812,
-0.3974609375,
-0.4934082031,
-0.5883789062,
-0.017074585,
-0.031463623,
1.716796875,
-0.1798095703,
-0.4567871094,
0.5498046875,
-0.3483886719,
0.521484375,
0.4899902344,
0.0577697754,
0.51171875,
-0.0208587646,
-0.9384765625,
-0.0944824219,
-0.2661132812,
0.7348632812,
-0.3366699219,
0.0515136719,
0.8979492188,
-1.5576171875,
-0.5537109375,
-0.0860595703,
0.1820068359,
0.4602050781,
-0.0590515137,
-0.0002343655,
0.66796875,
-0.3681640625,
0.8408203125,
0.3139648438,
-0.3701171875,
-0.1161499023,
0.0386962891,
0.689453125,
-0.1245727539,
-0.0404052734,
0.3520507812,
0.3271484375,
0.5151367188,
1.806640625,
0.865234375,
-0.2326660156,
0.0963745117,
-1.1123046875,
-0.3356933594,
0.814453125,
0.4482421875,
0.0218658447,
0.0320129395,
0.6875,
0.9252929688,
0.5219726562,
0.6948242188,
0.1849365234,
-0.4611816406,
0.5693359375,
-1.16796875,
0.3894042969,
-0.022644043,
0.0914306641,
1.0498046875,
0.2186279297,
-0.3471679688,
0.4965820312,
-0.38671875,
0.1859130859,
0.3247070312,
0.6591796875,
-0.5629882812,
-0.7875976562,
-0.8310546875,
-0.2575683594,
0.28125,
0.1101074219,
-0.1319580078,
-0.2644042969,
0.671875,
0.6411132812,
0.0123825073,
-0.314453125,
-0.2685546875,
0.2093505859,
-0.5043945312,
0.9370117188,
0.994140625,
0.7299804688,
-0.3442382812,
-0.2395019531,
-0.4311523438,
-0.3720703125,
-0.689453125,
-1.3515625,
-0.27734375,
-1.6806640625,
-0.6147460938,
0.4553222656,
0.3615722656,
-0.2102050781,
0.7465820312,
0.1617431641,
1.0009765625,
0.4770507812,
-0.0235443115,
-0.1287841797,
-0.90625,
-0.2038574219,
0.0896606445,
0.9174804688,
0.9858398438,
-0.2678222656,
-0.0562744141,
-0.6743164062,
-0.6665039062,
-0.0587158203,
0.0942382812,
0.0542297363,
0.7509765625,
0.2111816406,
0.2749023438,
0.1416015625,
-0.3073730469,
0.0923461914,
-0.4582519531,
-0.2166748047,
-0.0665893555,
-0.1306152344,
0.1826171875,
-0.2644042969,
-0.6479492188,
1.349609375,
0.3413085938,
-0.6640625,
-0.5268554688,
-0.1804199219,
0.3149414062,
0.2093505859,
-0.3605957031,
0.755859375,
-0.0875244141,
-0.2199707031,
0.0849609375,
-0.2219238281,
-0.6791992188,
-0.1103515625,
-0.9091796875,
0.1806640625,
0.9047851562,
0.6630859375,
-0.5073242188,
-0.810546875,
0.4499511719,
0.8393554688,
-0.4943847656,
0.8168945312,
-0.7216796875,
-0.0657348633,
-0.8349609375,
-13.6953125,
-1.5927734375,
0.1304931641,
0.0980224609,
0.3413085938,
0.701171875,
-0.501953125,
-0.69921875,
0.4797363281,
0.029006958,
0.3918457031,
1.5498046875,
0.3923339844,
-1.193359375,
0.6650390625,
-0.3547363281,
-0.0441894531,
-0.9213867188,
-0.9233398438,
-0.0272674561,
0.1878662109,
0.8701171875,
-0.6850585938,
0.6752929688,
-0.5708007812,
0.2890625,
0.7060546875,
0.0674438477,
-0.6591796875,
0.6645507812,
-0.3862304688,
0.0748901367,
-0.6293945312,
0.6806640625,
-0.5927734375,
-0.2006835938,
0.1613769531,
0.279296875,
-0.8203125,
0.0881347656,
-0.5366210938,
-0.5078125,
-0.0727539062,
0.0391845703,
0.3793945312,
0.4641113281,
-0.0918579102,
-0.3286132812,
-0.1945800781,
-0.2658691406,
0.1944580078,
1.71484375,
-0.0298156738,
-0.71875,
-1.109375,
0.0760498047,
-0.6552734375,
-0.1037597656,
-0.1667480469,
0.8427734375,
-0.6640625,
1.0947265625,
0.2817382812,
0.69921875,
-0.4489746094,
-0.7602539062,
-0.7802734375,
-0.4379882812,
-0.3452148438,
-0.9609375,
-0.271484375,
-0.0541381836,
2.046875,
0.047668457,
-0.4479980469,
-0.1138916016,
0.2426757812,
0.1893310547,
-0.26171875,
-0.0505065918,
-1.1357421875,
-0.4311523438
] |
At the end of that memoir, Fresnel predicted that if the compressed prisms were replaced by (unstressed) monocrystalline quartz prisms with matching directions of optical rotation, and with their optic axes aligned along the row, an object seen by looking along the common optic axis would give two images, which would seem unpolarized when viewed through an analyzer but, when viewed through a Fresnel rhomb, would be polarized at ±45° to the plane of reflection of the rhomb (indicating that they were initially circularly polarized in opposite directions). This would show directly that optical rotation is a form of birefringence. In the memoir of December 1822, in which he introduced the term circular polarization, he reported that he had confirmed this prediction using only one 14°-152°-14° prism and two glass half-prisms. But he obtained a wider separation of the images by replacing the glass half-prism with quartz half-prisms whose rotation was opposite to that of the 14°-152°-14° prism. He added in passing that one could further increase the separation by increasing the number of prisms. Reception
For the supplement to Riffault's translation of Thomson's System of Chemistry, Fresnel was chosen to contribute the article on light. The resulting 137-page essay, titled De la Lumière (On Light), was apparently finished in June 1821 and published by February 1822. With sections covering the nature of light, diffraction, thin-film interference, reflection and refraction, double refraction and polarization, chromatic polarization, and modification of polarization by reflection, it made a comprehensive case for the wave theory to a readership that was not restricted to physicists. | [
0.0422973633,
-0.60546875,
0.2495117188,
-0.2739257812,
0.3637695312,
0.5009765625,
-0.1187133789,
0.1917724609,
0.8989257812,
0.2412109375,
-0.986328125,
-0.1516113281,
0.0982055664,
-1.0234375,
0.1098022461,
0.0444641113,
0.2546386719,
-0.896484375,
-0.4592285156,
0.3232421875,
-0.1196899414,
-0.4777832031,
-1.029296875,
0.0859375,
-1.8642578125,
-0.310546875,
-0.0786132812,
0.0133666992,
-1.01953125,
-0.5053710938,
0.2381591797,
-0.1143188477,
0.2124023438,
-0.517578125,
0.3134765625,
1.1220703125,
-0.6923828125,
0.4035644531,
-0.0678100586,
-0.104675293,
0.0375061035,
-0.6391601562,
0.3354492188,
-0.6333007812,
0.121887207,
0.1341552734,
0.4816894531,
0.1021118164,
-0.3188476562,
-0.6049804688,
-0.4597167969,
-0.89453125,
-0.0012025833,
-0.2888183594,
0.2125244141,
-0.7426757812,
0.4594726562,
-0.0625610352,
0.83203125,
0.5556640625,
-0.2697753906,
0.4660644531,
0.2731933594,
-0.6020507812,
0.7548828125,
-0.7553710938,
-0.248046875,
-0.9321289062,
-0.9204101562,
0.7509765625,
-0.7114257812,
0.0429077148,
-0.2196044922,
-1.0224609375,
-0.6313476562,
-0.6528320312,
-1.1591796875,
-0.3542480469,
0.28515625,
0.3132324219,
0.0751953125,
-0.1085205078,
-0.9438476562,
-0.84375,
-1.1806640625,
-0.2849121094,
0.8051757812,
-0.4753417969,
-1.2861328125,
1.9638671875,
-0.063659668,
-0.412109375,
-0.4020996094,
0.102722168,
-0.3952636719,
-0.1544189453,
-0.7924804688,
-1.3603515625,
-1.3994140625,
-0.1634521484,
0.2396240234,
-0.7104492188,
-0.0830688477,
0.2827148438,
0.0462646484,
1.609375,
-0.2685546875,
0.2443847656,
-0.2661132812,
0.1207885742,
-0.0263824463,
-0.3205566406,
0.8544921875,
-0.0624389648,
-0.79296875,
0.8051757812,
-0.6806640625,
-0.067565918,
-0.9418945312,
-0.6508789062,
0.0638427734,
-0.2138671875,
-0.4560546875,
-0.6303710938,
0.8071289062,
0.1115112305,
-0.8583984375,
-0.6987304688,
-0.1666259766,
-0.0895385742,
0.3771972656,
-0.4819335938,
0.0570373535,
0.1376953125,
0.0705566406,
-0.2770996094,
-1.044921875,
-0.0605163574,
-0.4440917969,
0.0562133789,
-0.1137084961,
0.0324707031,
0.0592651367,
-0.7172851562,
0.0180053711,
-0.5185546875,
0.0050773621,
0.1702880859,
-0.3735351562,
0.3542480469,
-1.435546875,
-0.158203125,
0.509765625,
0.29296875,
-0.1843261719,
0.4880371094,
-0.0164642334,
-0.2849121094,
-0.4201660156,
-0.2037353516,
-0.5673828125,
-0.1604003906,
-0.8999023438,
-0.1364746094,
0.0745849609,
0.802734375,
-0.8837890625,
-1.248046875,
-0.1047363281,
0.4016113281,
-0.2377929688,
0.5971679688,
-0.2313232422,
0.740234375,
0.0357055664,
-1.3583984375,
0.7319335938,
-0.0032539368,
0.2646484375,
0.5844726562,
0.2221679688,
-0.8129882812,
-0.7421875,
-0.6171875,
0.427734375,
-0.1604003906,
-0.1928710938,
0.2565917969,
0.1820068359,
-0.6469726562,
-0.3203125,
1.1494140625,
0.6884765625,
-0.2819824219,
-0.4816894531,
0.3198242188,
-1.14453125,
0.5327148438,
-0.0582885742,
-0.0631713867,
-0.3271484375,
0.6259765625,
0.9599609375,
0.3369140625,
0.2573242188,
0.1486816406,
0.5551757812,
0.2985839844,
-0.205078125,
0.3510742188,
0.4006347656,
0.6420898438,
-0.0520935059,
0.4465332031,
0.3215332031,
-0.1232910156,
0.6005859375,
-0.4020996094,
0.4360351562,
-0.4514160156,
-0.1845703125,
-0.15234375,
-1.7470703125,
0.1619873047,
-0.7846679688,
-0.3930664062,
-0.25,
1.404296875,
0.7016601562,
0.0776977539,
0.1354980469,
0.0104598999,
-1.2431640625,
0.8427734375,
0.2578125,
0.5571289062,
-0.3063964844,
-0.4892578125,
-0.0168304443,
-0.86328125,
-0.6103515625,
-0.4770507812,
-0.0196685791,
-0.57421875,
-0.3969726562,
-0.2225341797,
0.9462890625,
0.201171875,
0.849609375,
0.62890625,
0.8364257812,
-0.0946655273,
0.4487304688,
-0.4331054688,
0.1868896484,
0.3837890625,
-0.5419921875,
0.0663452148,
0.3408203125,
0.6206054688,
-0.1527099609,
0.5517578125,
1.66015625,
-0.298828125,
0.611328125,
-0.3461914062,
0.3908691406,
0.0832519531,
-0.4597167969,
0.1105957031,
0.6665039062,
-0.4606933594,
-0.4995117188,
0.084777832,
0.1479492188,
0.3637695312,
-0.0685424805,
-0.673828125,
-0.4055175781,
-0.3957519531,
0.4084472656,
-0.2607421875,
-0.9638671875,
-0.4926757812,
0.7109375,
0.4226074219,
0.1921386719,
0.0091400146,
-0.33984375,
0.5341796875,
0.4165039062,
0.0044975281,
-0.8505859375,
-0.2756347656,
0.3649902344,
-0.7802734375,
0.3686523438,
0.7915039062,
-0.9169921875,
0.003993988,
0.3354492188,
1.0087890625,
-0.3937988281,
0.3032226562,
0.2778320312,
0.7509765625,
0.084777832,
-0.18359375,
-0.9501953125,
-0.0974731445,
0.2178955078,
-0.552734375,
-0.0698852539,
-0.7133789062,
-0.6948242188,
0.0111923218,
-0.2473144531,
-0.4177246094,
0.2631835938,
-0.43359375,
0.3076171875,
0.3410644531,
0.1175537109,
-0.117980957,
0.6235351562,
0.6953125,
-0.4340820312,
-0.8662109375,
-0.0036392212,
0.3864746094,
0.833984375,
-0.0900878906,
-0.4787597656,
-0.1431884766,
-0.5068359375,
0.6977539062,
0.791015625,
-0.0454711914,
-0.48046875,
-0.6889648438,
-0.3720703125,
-0.6826171875,
-0.6049804688,
0.3273925781,
-0.0678100586,
0.3364257812,
-0.8271484375,
-0.3935546875,
0.1458740234,
-0.3422851562,
-0.2827148438,
0.1457519531,
-0.3308105469,
-1.046875,
-0.3950195312,
0.7900390625,
-0.8354492188,
-0.5556640625,
-0.3686523438,
-0.154296875,
0.0587158203,
-0.2836914062,
-0.0167236328,
0.3076171875,
-0.7534179688,
-0.3845214844,
-0.3520507812,
0.4985351562,
0.6528320312,
0.548828125,
-0.2255859375,
0.3020019531,
-0.6196289062,
-0.1098632812,
-0.5932617188,
-0.513671875,
-0.8754882812,
0.3083496094,
-0.703125,
0.2775878906,
-0.8022460938,
-0.4719238281,
-0.5185546875,
-0.0828857422,
0.9248046875,
0.2885742188,
-0.548828125,
0.3935546875,
-0.662109375,
-0.2261962891,
0.5927734375,
0.2807617188,
-0.4609375,
0.0179901123,
0.0990600586,
0.7587890625,
0.15234375,
-1.6171875,
-0.4770507812,
0.0994873047,
0.1778564453,
-1.4609375,
-0.3625488281,
1.095703125,
0.234375,
-0.0274658203,
1.8583984375,
0.1104736328,
0.2042236328,
-0.3100585938,
-0.1872558594,
-0.1405029297,
0.2956542969,
-0.2622070312,
-0.9780273438,
-0.3293457031,
0.0846557617,
0.5908203125,
0.3081054688,
-0.0062599182,
-0.2261962891,
0.3232421875,
-0.0436096191,
-0.8901367188,
0.7905273438,
0.3024902344,
-0.1362304688,
0.1978759766,
-0.3676757812,
-0.8334960938,
-0.8256835938,
-0.671875,
0.5200195312,
0.3173828125,
0.55859375,
-0.3156738281,
0.3432617188,
0.1898193359,
0.0321655273,
-0.2498779297,
-0.1021728516,
1.4453125,
-0.3032226562,
1.23046875,
0.7172851562,
0.4755859375,
0.4875488281,
-0.9306640625,
0.6235351562,
-0.3146972656,
-0.759765625,
0.0418395996,
0.2371826172,
0.802734375,
1.2138671875,
-0.7578125,
-0.0055732727,
-0.8315429688,
-0.0308685303,
0.2160644531,
0.7719726562,
-0.1365966797,
-0.1178588867,
-0.1022949219,
0.4033203125,
-0.7939453125,
-0.63671875,
0.2883300781,
-1.0029296875,
-0.2651367188,
0.0442199707,
-0.2357177734,
-1.267578125,
-0.63671875,
-0.6479492188,
0.5268554688,
0.1794433594,
-0.3981933594,
0.1868896484,
0.3012695312,
1.0166015625,
0.0048408508,
0.3737792969,
0.3571777344,
0.1536865234,
-0.6240234375,
-0.9467773438,
-0.376953125,
-0.5693359375,
-0.630859375,
-0.5825195312,
0.5815429688,
-0.5190429688,
0.7138671875,
-0.025100708,
0.4196777344,
-0.9931640625,
-0.0913696289,
-1.345703125,
-0.0891113281,
-0.5737304688,
0.0326843262,
-0.1553955078,
-1.041015625,
0.2495117188,
1.2744140625,
0.5185546875,
0.3779296875,
0.3291015625,
0.2038574219,
-0.1439208984,
-0.0705566406,
0.0391540527,
0.0479431152,
0.1418457031,
-0.57421875,
0.458984375,
0.0270080566,
-0.3869628906,
0.3986816406,
0.4978027344,
-0.4157714844,
1.3359375,
-0.66796875,
-1.1240234375,
0.3728027344,
-0.0642700195,
-0.2005615234,
-0.751953125,
-0.0629882812,
1.07421875,
0.6801757812,
0.1045532227,
-0.1285400391,
-0.5341796875,
-0.1981201172,
0.740234375,
1.205078125,
0.955078125,
0.548828125,
0.3286132812,
0.6889648438,
0.0650634766,
0.6225585938,
0.765625,
1.857421875,
0.9438476562,
0.2807617188,
-0.7114257812,
0.7387695312,
-0.69140625,
-0.4663085938,
0.4860839844,
1.091796875,
-0.3955078125,
-0.5419921875,
-0.2778320312,
-0.7202148438,
0.4255371094,
0.1962890625,
-0.619140625,
-0.4645996094,
0.0413818359,
-0.1085205078,
-0.4194335938,
-0.2335205078,
0.3364257812,
-0.3676757812,
-0.7592773438,
-0.1802978516,
-0.9135742188,
-1.1494140625,
-0.2200927734,
0.5732421875,
-0.2330322266,
-0.3908691406,
-0.5209960938,
-0.4724121094,
0.8208007812,
-0.5888671875,
-0.453125,
0.1376953125,
-0.1201782227,
0.4807128906,
-0.2666015625,
-0.0519104004,
0.0507202148,
-0.8666992188,
-0.4279785156,
-0.146484375,
-0.4191894531,
-0.3916015625,
0.4504394531,
0.2873535156,
0.48828125,
0.2468261719,
-1.236328125,
-0.1723632812,
0.6606445312,
0.2052001953,
0.5625,
0.3376464844,
-1.48828125,
0.4519042969,
0.7348632812,
0.1586914062,
0.3640136719,
0.4108886719,
0.5581054688,
0.3344726562,
-0.1541748047,
-0.1954345703,
1.083984375,
-0.3254394531,
0.9721679688,
-0.1879882812,
-0.0632324219,
0.0187988281,
-0.1469726562,
-1.7646484375,
-0.4462890625,
-0.0643310547,
-0.2440185547,
-0.2019042969,
1.541015625,
0.1961669922,
-0.4040527344,
0.2578125,
-0.802734375,
0.599609375,
0.8510742188,
-1.0224609375,
0.326171875,
-0.1054077148,
-0.5888671875,
0.2036132812,
-0.3498535156,
1.017578125,
0.2310791016,
0.5869140625,
0.0592041016,
0.2912597656,
-0.3024902344,
0.3527832031,
0.8564453125,
0.4672851562,
0.4240722656,
1.177734375,
-0.640625,
-0.2802734375,
-0.0778808594,
0.5517578125,
0.2312011719,
-0.7641601562,
-0.6376953125,
0.0356140137,
0.0194396973,
-0.5517578125,
0.5595703125,
0.0626831055,
0.8754882812,
0.2072753906,
-0.0237731934,
-0.3208007812,
-0.1091918945,
0.7666015625,
0.822265625,
-0.544921875,
-0.1788330078,
-0.60546875,
0.3159179688,
-0.7377929688,
-0.6552734375,
1.380859375,
0.0417175293,
-0.3872070312,
0.0594787598,
-0.6196289062,
-0.7524414062,
1.1494140625,
-0.9135742188,
0.3015136719,
-0.8276367188,
-0.0079650879,
0.3940429688,
-0.5356445312,
-0.8071289062,
0.2763671875,
-0.9267578125,
1.0185546875,
0.5615234375,
0.2352294922,
-0.5561523438,
-1.24609375,
-1.4912109375,
-0.8374023438,
0.0542297363,
0.2314453125,
-0.5014648438,
0.4201660156,
1.0859375,
0.039855957,
-0.8227539062,
0.34375,
-1.046875,
-0.0431518555,
0.0872192383,
-0.4233398438,
0.0950317383,
-0.9033203125,
-0.7119140625,
-0.6079101562,
0.3903808594,
-0.5849609375,
1.216796875,
-0.3764648438,
-1.4140625,
1.1826171875,
0.6518554688,
-0.318359375,
0.2019042969,
0.5493164062,
-0.6513671875,
-0.4406738281,
-0.6064453125,
1.533203125,
1.0732421875,
-0.5419921875,
-0.0473937988,
-0.2504882812,
-0.4653320312,
-0.3134765625,
0.6728515625,
-0.2536621094,
0.6220703125,
-0.1146850586,
1.1455078125,
-0.0585632324,
0.8901367188,
0.6645507812,
-0.0418701172,
-0.8315429688,
0.2229003906,
-0.6547851562,
0.0541687012,
-0.4853515625,
0.8920898438,
0.9169921875,
0.1715087891,
0.1866455078,
-1.068359375,
0.1104125977,
0.5327148438,
0.0657348633,
-0.1636962891,
-0.7631835938,
-0.5131835938,
-0.8461914062,
0.6689453125,
0.45703125,
0.1610107422,
0.1123046875,
-0.5502929688,
-0.2897949219,
0.2502441406,
0.2353515625,
0.19921875,
0.5004882812,
-0.0706176758,
1.1259765625,
0.1573486328,
1.0537109375,
-0.0894775391,
-0.6416015625,
0.1495361328,
0.0338745117,
0.0755615234,
-0.9267578125,
0.33984375,
-0.1878662109,
-0.462890625,
0.0876464844,
-0.2279052734,
0.1179199219,
-0.4272460938,
0.0043563843,
-0.5122070312,
1.2666015625,
-0.6015625,
-0.611328125,
0.3171386719,
0.65625,
0.4716796875,
1.138671875,
0.2169189453,
0.2103271484,
-0.5053710938,
-0.9541015625,
0.447265625,
0.0966186523,
0.271484375,
-0.4458007812,
0.5502929688,
-0.0965576172,
-1.61328125,
-0.2224121094,
0.4689941406,
0.1744384766,
0.6357421875,
0.2624511719,
0.44921875,
0.85546875,
-0.2130126953,
0.7983398438,
0.3869628906,
0.1142578125,
0.2856445312,
-0.5698242188,
0.2551269531,
0.7470703125,
0.427734375,
-0.2346191406,
-0.0281677246,
-0.1649169922,
1.283203125,
1.7958984375,
0.0554504395,
0.3618164062,
-1.0302734375,
-0.2600097656,
0.0640869141,
0.93359375,
0.380859375,
-0.0940551758,
0.7065429688,
1.43359375,
0.34375,
0.0881958008,
0.2993164062,
-0.1536865234,
0.1094360352,
-1.041015625,
0.74609375,
0.9956054688,
-0.3012695312,
0.4052734375,
0.5932617188,
-0.4477539062,
-0.5961914062,
-0.5415039062,
0.0786132812,
-0.12890625,
-0.3332519531,
-0.6318359375,
-0.7368164062,
-1.0087890625,
-0.2768554688,
-0.4050292969,
-0.4331054688,
-0.7578125,
0.1759033203,
-0.0530395508,
-0.1958007812,
-0.60546875,
-0.2580566406,
-0.2795410156,
0.4370117188,
-0.5205078125,
0.3737792969,
0.8657226562,
0.7534179688,
-0.3376464844,
-0.2467041016,
-0.30859375,
-0.4128417969,
-0.1604003906,
-0.5161132812,
-0.6206054688,
-0.4035644531,
-0.64453125,
0.0276031494,
0.5141601562,
0.2319335938,
0.84765625,
0.904296875,
0.349609375,
0.1834716797,
0.0323181152,
-0.1767578125,
-0.6845703125,
-0.0492858887,
-0.4702148438,
1.2275390625,
0.591796875,
-0.3039550781,
-0.1153564453,
-0.318359375,
-0.3322753906,
0.6528320312,
0.1567382812,
-0.2724609375,
0.1876220703,
-0.0306396484,
-0.0453186035,
0.1881103516,
-0.2619628906,
0.6259765625,
-0.8935546875,
0.3410644531,
0.1866455078,
0.0028858185,
0.3046875,
-0.4653320312,
-0.2265625,
1.35546875,
0.2766113281,
0.5327148438,
0.0703125,
0.0584106445,
-0.2895507812,
0.1639404297,
-0.2390136719,
1.3291015625,
-0.5952148438,
0.4379882812,
0.0188293457,
-0.6293945312,
-0.4597167969,
-0.0919189453,
-0.5805664062,
-0.234375,
0.9926757812,
-0.2939453125,
-0.0513916016,
0.3129882812,
1.232421875,
0.9174804688,
-0.0588378906,
0.7153320312,
-0.3127441406,
-0.1300048828,
-0.6958007812,
-14.34375,
-1.97265625,
0.0478210449,
0.2410888672,
-0.9526367188,
0.3740234375,
0.6137695312,
-0.5756835938,
-0.1009521484,
-0.104309082,
0.4797363281,
1.1103515625,
0.3298339844,
-0.390625,
0.755859375,
0.1413574219,
0.1872558594,
-0.5595703125,
-1.2099609375,
0.0944213867,
0.2197265625,
0.7875976562,
-0.6240234375,
0.2065429688,
-0.3098144531,
0.0577697754,
1.3056640625,
0.3334960938,
0.0990600586,
1.1328125,
-0.3254394531,
0.3002929688,
-0.0094146729,
1.1865234375,
-0.658203125,
-0.3369140625,
0.2509765625,
0.050994873,
0.2338867188,
-0.0417480469,
-0.7817382812,
-0.484375,
-0.1916503906,
0.2646484375,
0.2182617188,
0.51953125,
0.2802734375,
-0.9248046875,
-0.0877685547,
-0.4487304688,
0.2158203125,
1.6748046875,
0.0701293945,
-0.2368164062,
-0.8715820312,
0.0520629883,
-1.4638671875,
0.5541992188,
0.1926269531,
0.2900390625,
0.0247192383,
1.3447265625,
-0.024597168,
-0.2266845703,
-0.0271453857,
-0.6733398438,
-0.169921875,
-0.697265625,
0.1453857422,
-0.173828125,
0.2047119141,
-0.5893554688,
1.435546875,
0.0875244141,
-0.3579101562,
0.6967773438,
0.1595458984,
-0.0353088379,
-0.7885742188,
0.4943847656,
-0.2761230469,
-0.1160888672
] |
To examine Fresnel's first memoir and supplements on double refraction, the Académie des Sciences appointed Ampère, Arago, Fourier, and Poisson. Their report, of which Arago was clearly the main author, was delivered at the meeting of 19 August 1822. Then, in the words of Émile Verdet, as translated by Ivor Grattan-Guinness:
Whether Laplace was announcing his conversion to the wave theory – at the age of 73 – is uncertain. Grattan-Guinness entertained the idea. Buchwald, noting that Arago failed to explain that the "ellipsoid of elasticity" did not give the correct planes of polarization, suggests that Laplace may have merely regarded Fresnel's theory as a successful generalization of Malus's ray-velocity law, embracing Biot's laws. In the following year, Poisson, who did not sign Arago's report, disputed the possibility of transverse waves in the aether. Starting from assumed equations of motion of a fluid medium, he noted that they did not give the correct results for partial reflection and double refraction – as if that were Fresnel's problem rather than his own – and that the predicted waves, even if they were initially transverse, became more longitudinal as they propagated. In reply Fresnel noted, inter alia, that the equations in which Poisson put so much faith did not even predict viscosity. | [
-0.2778320312,
-0.4272460938,
0.084777832,
-0.4245605469,
-0.4291992188,
-0.1851806641,
0.3835449219,
0.7060546875,
0.3977050781,
0.2326660156,
0.1569824219,
-0.443359375,
-0.2741699219,
-0.8374023438,
0.2673339844,
0.435546875,
-0.5014648438,
-0.3264160156,
-0.5522460938,
-0.0169372559,
0.3288574219,
0.0153579712,
-0.2309570312,
0.3471679688,
-1.6201171875,
0.6655273438,
0.638671875,
0.2692871094,
-0.3127441406,
-0.3627929688,
0.6171875,
-0.1337890625,
0.1655273438,
-0.1599121094,
0.106262207,
2.005859375,
0.1140136719,
-0.0601806641,
-0.0299530029,
0.4338378906,
-0.5830078125,
-0.9506835938,
-0.2805175781,
-0.4401855469,
0.1211547852,
-0.1905517578,
-0.6044921875,
0.4099121094,
-0.0782470703,
-0.5400390625,
-0.6069335938,
0.1375732422,
-0.4353027344,
-0.1986083984,
0.2055664062,
-0.9252929688,
-0.0880126953,
-0.5161132812,
0.1605224609,
-0.116394043,
-0.084777832,
0.7373046875,
-0.4460449219,
-0.9848632812,
0.9135742188,
-0.580078125,
-0.8305664062,
-0.5883789062,
0.4455566406,
0.77734375,
-0.7299804688,
0.0248718262,
0.0009179115,
-1.2197265625,
-0.1309814453,
0.1159057617,
-1.361328125,
0.6987304688,
0.1901855469,
1.1484375,
-0.9506835938,
-0.2827148438,
-0.3957519531,
-0.8525390625,
-0.53515625,
0.0095443726,
0.4426269531,
-0.5307617188,
-1.6044921875,
2.34375,
0.0471496582,
-0.8076171875,
-0.2061767578,
0.6948242188,
0.0533447266,
-0.2087402344,
0.0620727539,
-2.59375,
-0.8330078125,
-0.1092529297,
-0.1932373047,
-0.7563476562,
0.7216796875,
0.2783203125,
0.0385742188,
1.6552734375,
-0.6264648438,
0.1566162109,
0.4682617188,
0.3493652344,
-0.0747070312,
0.0461730957,
0.6948242188,
0.0214385986,
-1.3564453125,
0.2109375,
-0.8959960938,
-0.2164306641,
-0.4401855469,
-0.7329101562,
0.52734375,
0.1684570312,
-0.2043457031,
-0.1843261719,
0.0626831055,
0.1688232422,
-0.1080322266,
0.0481567383,
-0.4787597656,
0.5581054688,
-0.2937011719,
-0.2037353516,
-0.4719238281,
0.1697998047,
0.6372070312,
-1.2958984375,
-0.3845214844,
-0.2479248047,
0.2573242188,
-0.2407226562,
-0.2025146484,
0.8989257812,
-0.2702636719,
-0.1567382812,
-0.2462158203,
-0.443359375,
-0.1544189453,
-0.4299316406,
-0.3408203125,
-0.1006469727,
-1.3681640625,
-0.3901367188,
0.3461914062,
-0.6450195312,
0.1161499023,
0.2531738281,
-0.0618591309,
-0.3735351562,
-0.6254882812,
-0.7763671875,
-0.0017242432,
0.3977050781,
-1.537109375,
-0.6127929688,
-0.0390014648,
0.1729736328,
-0.4797363281,
-0.7939453125,
0.0428771973,
0.3603515625,
-0.4155273438,
0.576171875,
0.2668457031,
-0.4770507812,
0.0136566162,
-1.1845703125,
0.6010742188,
-0.51171875,
0.6684570312,
0.116394043,
0.1815185547,
-1.2373046875,
0.1624755859,
-0.765625,
-0.2966308594,
0.3703613281,
0.23046875,
0.4838867188,
-0.0916137695,
-1.029296875,
-0.4099121094,
0.9331054688,
0.4992675781,
-0.5068359375,
-0.9794921875,
-0.0655517578,
-0.9912109375,
0.5385742188,
0.4516601562,
0.1126708984,
0.3664550781,
1.15234375,
0.79296875,
-0.0982666016,
0.5126953125,
-0.0299682617,
0.5522460938,
-0.2768554688,
-0.0570068359,
0.1315917969,
-0.3291015625,
0.517578125,
0.3374023438,
0.0563049316,
0.028213501,
0.3889160156,
0.7036132812,
0.3781738281,
0.4594726562,
-0.6162109375,
0.0436401367,
0.5668945312,
-1.30859375,
1.04296875,
-0.8447265625,
0.1929931641,
-0.8061523438,
1.302734375,
0.5834960938,
-0.0690917969,
0.5131835938,
-0.4313964844,
-1.77734375,
0.4282226562,
0.1547851562,
0.5864257812,
-0.13671875,
-1.0458984375,
0.5102539062,
-0.078918457,
-0.1364746094,
-1.09375,
-0.0960083008,
-0.740234375,
-0.4946289062,
-0.740234375,
1.185546875,
0.3930664062,
0.1489257812,
0.8120117188,
0.6606445312,
0.2763671875,
-0.1508789062,
0.0712890625,
-0.8955078125,
-0.2719726562,
-0.1502685547,
-0.0283355713,
-0.2451171875,
0.703125,
-0.1849365234,
0.9736328125,
0.8759765625,
-1.173828125,
0.951171875,
-0.3569335938,
0.2888183594,
0.2303466797,
0.3210449219,
0.1765136719,
0.6923828125,
-1.1708984375,
-0.8740234375,
-0.2875976562,
0.3518066406,
-0.1022949219,
-0.5205078125,
-0.4636230469,
-0.2897949219,
-0.4296875,
0.1815185547,
-0.5732421875,
-1.3251953125,
-0.3737792969,
0.8657226562,
0.4291992188,
0.4526367188,
0.072265625,
0.0430297852,
0.8349609375,
-0.1511230469,
-0.314453125,
-0.6665039062,
-0.0603027344,
-0.0243988037,
-0.1993408203,
0.1448974609,
0.1113891602,
-0.2495117188,
-0.6616210938,
0.3559570312,
0.4560546875,
-0.0577697754,
0.3381347656,
0.3684082031,
1.052734375,
-0.1705322266,
0.1234130859,
-0.380859375,
0.2111816406,
1.7197265625,
0.7543945312,
-0.5732421875,
-0.8637695312,
0.173828125,
0.3305664062,
-0.27734375,
0.0194702148,
0.6489257812,
-0.748046875,
-0.1010742188,
0.2432861328,
0.0408325195,
-0.376953125,
0.2020263672,
0.4018554688,
0.1168823242,
-1.6318359375,
0.3129882812,
0.1291503906,
0.1236572266,
-0.2941894531,
0.4030761719,
0.79296875,
0.9931640625,
0.4428710938,
0.4440917969,
0.63671875,
0.5390625,
-0.0406494141,
-0.4763183594,
-0.5874023438,
-1.083984375,
-0.2159423828,
0.3403320312,
-0.0824584961,
-1.6923828125,
-0.3737792969,
0.7993164062,
-0.4321289062,
-0.1387939453,
0.2795410156,
-0.3972167969,
-1.138671875,
-0.5029296875,
1.1328125,
-0.6298828125,
-0.333984375,
0.3405761719,
-0.0368041992,
-0.0484619141,
-0.333984375,
-0.2257080078,
-0.0848388672,
-0.1339111328,
-0.5327148438,
-0.4184570312,
0.2437744141,
0.8798828125,
1.0107421875,
-0.0473937988,
0.2683105469,
-0.6157226562,
0.2427978516,
-0.0151367188,
-0.1224975586,
-1.232421875,
-0.1486816406,
-0.8291015625,
0.0297698975,
-0.3430175781,
-0.8208007812,
-1.3154296875,
-0.681640625,
1.0205078125,
0.7475585938,
0.2109375,
-0.7080078125,
-1.2373046875,
-0.54296875,
0.1354980469,
0.3642578125,
-0.6337890625,
0.1215209961,
-0.2683105469,
-0.0840454102,
1.259765625,
-1.6103515625,
-0.609375,
0.486328125,
0.4299316406,
-1.5478515625,
0.45703125,
1.015625,
-0.4033203125,
0.2790527344,
2.345703125,
-0.1667480469,
0.515625,
-0.0788574219,
0.0274353027,
-0.0839233398,
0.2673339844,
0.3168945312,
-0.4018554688,
-0.0329284668,
-0.0329284668,
0.1090087891,
-0.1975097656,
0.0874633789,
-0.2973632812,
-0.3796386719,
-0.3901367188,
0.4128417969,
0.8515625,
0.5473632812,
-0.0205993652,
0.0270080566,
-0.2471923828,
-0.7885742188,
-0.30859375,
-0.1480712891,
-0.1099853516,
0.2602539062,
0.734375,
-0.279296875,
0.369140625,
-0.1896972656,
0.4609375,
-0.1101074219,
0.1118164062,
1.1357421875,
-0.0958862305,
0.603515625,
1.056640625,
0.4477539062,
-0.4765625,
-0.4606933594,
1.0390625,
-0.7377929688,
-0.4780273438,
-0.0845336914,
0.7470703125,
0.6220703125,
0.8203125,
-0.9272460938,
-0.0446472168,
0.0183410645,
-0.1424560547,
-0.0706176758,
-0.2648925781,
-0.2534179688,
-0.7001953125,
-0.2026367188,
0.1252441406,
-1.162109375,
0.0973510742,
0.185546875,
-0.2425537109,
-0.3190917969,
-0.2573242188,
-0.5288085938,
-1.2666015625,
-0.58203125,
-0.6381835938,
-0.509765625,
-0.0629882812,
0.1611328125,
0.3588867188,
-0.2390136719,
0.5209960938,
0.3984375,
-0.1153564453,
-0.013885498,
0.4794921875,
-0.4660644531,
-0.544921875,
-0.3017578125,
0.0987548828,
-0.6020507812,
0.3542480469,
0.3054199219,
0.2243652344,
0.521484375,
-0.3884277344,
-0.4404296875,
-0.8569335938,
-0.1922607422,
-1.0869140625,
0.0109634399,
-0.3161621094,
0.3884277344,
-0.4477539062,
-0.6811523438,
0.2814941406,
0.7924804688,
-0.552734375,
0.9672851562,
0.90234375,
0.8671875,
-0.046295166,
-0.0818481445,
0.2895507812,
0.1798095703,
0.1352539062,
-0.306640625,
1.14453125,
0.4736328125,
-0.1547851562,
0.5698242188,
-0.2416992188,
-0.2641601562,
0.2498779297,
-0.6650390625,
-1.548828125,
0.6474609375,
0.1009521484,
-0.1573486328,
0.0853881836,
-0.7475585938,
0.931640625,
0.0382080078,
0.1600341797,
-0.5795898438,
-0.6689453125,
0.2778320312,
1.06640625,
1.498046875,
0.4252929688,
0.7983398438,
0.9072265625,
0.5668945312,
0.0250701904,
0.0783081055,
0.3420410156,
1.7890625,
0.1944580078,
0.85546875,
-0.888671875,
0.8291015625,
-0.4113769531,
0.0371398926,
1.0478515625,
0.6079101562,
-0.5068359375,
-0.6030273438,
-0.2181396484,
-1.033203125,
0.7998046875,
0.1945800781,
-1.0048828125,
0.0653686523,
0.5283203125,
-0.1778564453,
0.2680664062,
0.1574707031,
0.1967773438,
0.2746582031,
-0.4287109375,
-0.2175292969,
-0.0000658631,
-0.7333984375,
-0.4350585938,
0.3872070312,
-1.1474609375,
-0.7846679688,
-0.4047851562,
-0.3715820312,
0.2381591797,
0.2012939453,
-0.6333007812,
0.1104736328,
0.0977783203,
-0.2019042969,
-0.75390625,
0.46484375,
0.1934814453,
-1.0166015625,
0.1248168945,
-0.58984375,
-0.9350585938,
-0.5244140625,
0.7421875,
0.3134765625,
1.23046875,
-0.4436035156,
-1.732421875,
-0.1606445312,
1.3544921875,
0.3977050781,
0.0343933105,
0.6879882812,
-0.9409179688,
1.6650390625,
1.0400390625,
-0.609375,
0.1187133789,
0.5986328125,
1.0380859375,
0.3161621094,
-1.0341796875,
-0.8056640625,
0.9838867188,
-0.65625,
0.6142578125,
0.30859375,
-1.404296875,
-0.5278320312,
-0.4287109375,
-1.1904296875,
0.1674804688,
-0.5776367188,
0.8188476562,
-0.3657226562,
1.400390625,
-0.0497131348,
-0.1837158203,
-0.0983886719,
-0.3110351562,
0.3598632812,
0.4182128906,
-1.5,
0.271484375,
0.505859375,
0.3818359375,
0.1312255859,
0.37109375,
0.833984375,
0.3706054688,
0.7729492188,
0.4643554688,
-0.4682617188,
-0.4282226562,
-0.0164337158,
1.28125,
0.396484375,
0.9770507812,
0.3459472656,
-0.8803710938,
0.3935546875,
0.3315429688,
0.4482421875,
0.80078125,
-0.0213012695,
-1.158203125,
0.5434570312,
0.1174316406,
-0.2388916016,
0.4548339844,
0.3364257812,
0.9931640625,
0.7241210938,
-0.1856689453,
-0.7490234375,
0.2800292969,
0.8125,
0.783203125,
-0.3325195312,
-1.28515625,
-0.6586914062,
0.4985351562,
-0.7133789062,
-0.84375,
0.4372558594,
-0.462890625,
0.5302734375,
-0.57421875,
-0.5029296875,
-0.529296875,
1.744140625,
-0.2080078125,
-0.1527099609,
-0.66796875,
0.0708007812,
-0.3298339844,
-0.0597229004,
-0.4255371094,
0.6977539062,
-0.6689453125,
-0.4772949219,
0.4191894531,
0.4575195312,
-1.8173828125,
-0.4113769531,
-1.0146484375,
-0.9731445312,
0.1838378906,
0.2705078125,
0.6860351562,
0.3469238281,
1.01171875,
-0.0884399414,
-0.7890625,
0.2110595703,
-1.2431640625,
-0.4755859375,
-0.2231445312,
-0.4875488281,
0.5732421875,
-1,
-1.212890625,
-0.4025878906,
0.4350585938,
0.0608520508,
1.0966796875,
-0.560546875,
-0.031463623,
0.6342773438,
0.6694335938,
0.4326171875,
0.2023925781,
1.0341796875,
-0.3244628906,
-0.240234375,
-0.4396972656,
1.2685546875,
0.0883789062,
0.1411132812,
-0.826171875,
-0.3596191406,
0.1247558594,
-0.1361083984,
0.3063964844,
-0.32421875,
-0.2419433594,
0.3139648438,
0.8662109375,
0.654296875,
0.1236572266,
0.5454101562,
-0.0978393555,
-0.94140625,
0.0245819092,
-0.0329589844,
-0.3835449219,
-0.3798828125,
0.8544921875,
0.5771484375,
-0.607421875,
-0.2565917969,
-0.5146484375,
-0.0162658691,
0.5498046875,
0.6215820312,
-0.0894165039,
-0.3918457031,
-0.94921875,
-0.9858398438,
0.7944335938,
0.328125,
-0.2800292969,
-0.2912597656,
0.1712646484,
-0.1793212891,
0.2573242188,
0.7875976562,
-0.4672851562,
1.095703125,
-0.3947753906,
1.3623046875,
-0.1082763672,
0.3176269531,
0.4865722656,
-0.3481445312,
0.0631713867,
-0.3901367188,
-0.0212860107,
-0.509765625,
1.2529296875,
0.0602111816,
-1.068359375,
0.0510864258,
0.3347167969,
-0.0734863281,
-0.6508789062,
-0.1121826172,
-0.859375,
0.6474609375,
-1.1884765625,
-0.4968261719,
0.2236328125,
-0.0363464355,
0.6772460938,
0.9584960938,
0.1932373047,
0.1044921875,
-0.603515625,
-0.498046875,
0.5473632812,
0.0436706543,
-0.0244293213,
-0.2868652344,
-0.1257324219,
0.2775878906,
-1.1923828125,
0.0027370453,
0.1577148438,
0.4467773438,
0.6923828125,
-0.2126464844,
0.9169921875,
0.4443359375,
0.4562988281,
0.7065429688,
0.763671875,
0.20703125,
0.2039794922,
-0.1076049805,
0.0803222656,
-0.0571899414,
0.016784668,
0.1486816406,
0.7944335938,
-0.818359375,
0.0966796875,
0.0717773438,
0.1041259766,
-0.3366699219,
-1.1328125,
-0.80078125,
-0.1003417969,
0.5610351562,
-0.3134765625,
-0.0830078125,
0.763671875,
1.2998046875,
-0.6733398438,
0.1600341797,
0.1153564453,
0.0044708252,
0.2827148438,
-0.0727539062,
0.7875976562,
-0.3969726562,
-0.7172851562,
0.2271728516,
0.5732421875,
-0.0731811523,
-0.089050293,
-0.3022460938,
-0.2663574219,
-0.8403320312,
-0.765625,
-0.265625,
-0.6215820312,
-0.3659667969,
-0.1185302734,
-0.7783203125,
-0.1848144531,
-0.1467285156,
0.1007080078,
0.642578125,
-0.37890625,
-0.6694335938,
-0.0777587891,
-0.6513671875,
-0.5698242188,
-1.0810546875,
0.6162109375,
0.2810058594,
1.04296875,
-0.2612304688,
0.2080078125,
0.3054199219,
-0.2897949219,
0.2624511719,
-0.6489257812,
-0.9360351562,
-0.7197265625,
-0.083984375,
-0.2995605469,
0.3317871094,
0.3522949219,
0.59765625,
0.4929199219,
0.3171386719,
0.2459716797,
0.1176147461,
-0.1962890625,
-0.2318115234,
-0.208984375,
0.5805664062,
0.7387695312,
0.2563476562,
-0.6088867188,
0.6674804688,
0.1707763672,
-0.197265625,
0.2548828125,
-0.1259765625,
0.2315673828,
-0.122253418,
-0.2573242188,
0.2553710938,
-0.0594787598,
-0.1962890625,
0.8090820312,
-1.6337890625,
0.3791503906,
0.4113769531,
-0.1710205078,
-0.0104293823,
-0.7817382812,
-0.599609375,
1.3544921875,
0.1042480469,
-0.1470947266,
-0.2946777344,
-0.1875,
-1.408203125,
0.119934082,
0.2573242188,
0.2905273438,
0.4147949219,
-0.2366943359,
0.8662109375,
-0.5029296875,
-0.2009277344,
0.4968261719,
-0.6313476562,
-0.2956542969,
1.435546875,
-0.20703125,
0.0477600098,
0.0739746094,
1.4453125,
1.1572265625,
-0.6943359375,
0.8676757812,
-0.2729492188,
-0.3957519531,
-0.1187133789,
-13.40625,
-1.8427734375,
-0.0296630859,
-0.2702636719,
-0.5810546875,
0.3325195312,
0.4519042969,
-0.0617980957,
-0.1149902344,
-0.3395996094,
-0.1166992188,
1.8369140625,
-0.2133789062,
-0.63671875,
0.3571777344,
-0.3447265625,
-0.1328125,
-0.951171875,
-0.9443359375,
0.6860351562,
0.8706054688,
1.5498046875,
-1.0595703125,
0.4838867188,
-0.8984375,
0.0143051147,
1.083984375,
-0.2692871094,
0.5747070312,
1.0673828125,
-0.7822265625,
0.1071777344,
-0.68359375,
0.25390625,
-0.4787597656,
-0.2956542969,
-0.3686523438,
0.3491210938,
0.4956054688,
-0.1907958984,
-0.5502929688,
0.6040039062,
-0.92578125,
0.2902832031,
0.9267578125,
1.109375,
-0.3845214844,
-0.6201171875,
0.798828125,
-0.7607421875,
-0.0055656433,
0.2673339844,
0.2081298828,
-0.8422851562,
-0.6958007812,
-0.1257324219,
-0.7182617188,
0.6196289062,
-0.44140625,
0.591796875,
-0.6020507812,
0.2778320312,
1.1611328125,
0.1488037109,
-0.0118179321,
-0.9897460938,
-1.2197265625,
-0.97265625,
0.0580749512,
-0.6030273438,
0.6591796875,
-0.3803710938,
1.8359375,
0.693359375,
-0.1868896484,
0.3312988281,
0.0176849365,
-0.6635742188,
-1.041015625,
0.1842041016,
-0.0061225891,
-0.822265625
] |
The implication was clear: given that the behavior of light had not been satisfactorily explained except by transverse waves, it was not the responsibility of the wave-theorists to abandon transverse waves in deference to pre-conceived notions about the aether; rather, it was the responsibility of the aether modelers to produce a model that accommodated transverse waves. According to Robert H. Silliman, Poisson eventually accepted the wave theory shortly before his death in 1840. Among the French, Poisson's reluctance was an exception. According to Eugene Frankel, "in Paris no debate on the issue seems to have taken place after 1825. Indeed, almost the entire generation of physicists and mathematicians who came to maturity in the 1820s – Pouillet, Savart, Lamé, Navier, Liouville, Cauchy – seem to have adopted the theory immediately." Fresnel's other prominent French opponent, Biot, appeared to take a neutral position in 1830, and eventually accepted the wave theory – possibly by 1846 and certainly by 1858. In 1826, the British astronomer John Herschel, who was working on a book-length article on light for the Encyclopædia Metropolitana, addressed three questions to Fresnel concerning double refraction, partial reflection, and their relation to polarization. The resulting article, titled simply "Light", was highly sympathetic to the wave theory, although not entirely free of selectionist language. It was circulating privately by 1828 and was published in 1830. Meanwhile, Young's translation of Fresnel's De la Lumière was published in installments from 1827 to 1829. | [
-1.087890625,
-0.8383789062,
0.1569824219,
-0.4375,
-0.2012939453,
0.1558837891,
0.7006835938,
-0.0396728516,
0.4282226562,
0.4929199219,
-0.2492675781,
0.2097167969,
-0.7993164062,
-0.4089355469,
0.1516113281,
0.3984375,
-0.1539306641,
-0.5747070312,
-0.2496337891,
-0.1627197266,
-0.5693359375,
-0.19921875,
-0.3759765625,
-0.1149291992,
-1.359375,
0.6494140625,
0.3825683594,
-0.1579589844,
-0.8452148438,
-0.6430664062,
0.3132324219,
-0.25,
0.1839599609,
0.3972167969,
0.2719726562,
1.3740234375,
0.3112792969,
-0.7470703125,
0.038269043,
0.0836181641,
-0.8837890625,
-0.3278808594,
0.2526855469,
-0.2666015625,
0.0776977539,
-0.2700195312,
-0.3818359375,
-0.3312988281,
0.2670898438,
-0.4221191406,
-0.8310546875,
-0.4780273438,
-0.341796875,
-0.6791992188,
0.2626953125,
-1.0576171875,
0.0659790039,
-0.5361328125,
0.1872558594,
0.013885498,
-0.6142578125,
0.5512695312,
0.0402832031,
-0.591796875,
0.98046875,
-0.533203125,
-0.3591308594,
-1.0654296875,
-0.024230957,
0.2717285156,
-0.458984375,
0.2541503906,
0.1052246094,
-0.8442382812,
-0.53125,
-0.0372619629,
-2.02734375,
0.7504882812,
-0.0076179504,
0.748046875,
-0.1668701172,
-0.0155792236,
0.018081665,
-0.9365234375,
-1.2744140625,
0.7465820312,
0.3198242188,
-0.0991821289,
-1.611328125,
1.591796875,
-0.330078125,
-0.7451171875,
-0.0966796875,
0.6284179688,
0.2185058594,
-0.5825195312,
-0.3078613281,
-1.76171875,
-1.306640625,
0.1770019531,
-0.0511474609,
-0.595703125,
0.5952148438,
0.48046875,
0.0248260498,
1.033203125,
-0.3393554688,
0.8989257812,
0.1943359375,
0.2670898438,
0.2529296875,
-0.0352172852,
1.115234375,
-0.0769042969,
-1.443359375,
0.0396118164,
-1.09765625,
-0.2495117188,
-0.982421875,
-0.75,
-0.0191192627,
0.1737060547,
-0.375,
-1.0537109375,
0.5395507812,
0.6928710938,
-0.1306152344,
0.4172363281,
-1.0087890625,
-0.0752563477,
-0.0753173828,
0.3125,
-0.0791625977,
0.2824707031,
-0.3051757812,
-0.7041015625,
-0.4919433594,
-0.310546875,
0.3068847656,
-0.4494628906,
0.63671875,
0.5844726562,
-0.1241455078,
-0.4248046875,
-0.5190429688,
-0.2265625,
0.0748901367,
0.4689941406,
-0.2030029297,
0.0883178711,
-1.66796875,
-0.1254882812,
0.15625,
-0.2138671875,
-0.3266601562,
0.8041992188,
-0.1506347656,
0.0366210938,
-0.318359375,
-0.8740234375,
-0.4272460938,
0.1904296875,
-1.134765625,
-0.458984375,
0.4885253906,
0.6567382812,
-0.693359375,
-0.2299804688,
-0.4807128906,
0.4982910156,
0.3815917969,
0.6313476562,
0.4873046875,
-0.5034179688,
-0.1971435547,
-0.4174804688,
0.8461914062,
-0.6591796875,
-0.0966796875,
0.1867675781,
0.4345703125,
-1.14453125,
0.2570800781,
-1.080078125,
-0.3869628906,
0.990234375,
0.0419921875,
0.1584472656,
0.1014404297,
-0.7329101562,
-0.787109375,
0.7138671875,
0.666015625,
-0.8491210938,
-0.7231445312,
-0.0551757812,
-0.6684570312,
0.114074707,
0.075012207,
0.2075195312,
0.0060310364,
1.2314453125,
0.6337890625,
0.2116699219,
0.3212890625,
-0.2368164062,
0.4401855469,
0.0638427734,
0.6669921875,
0.0031661987,
-0.3774414062,
0.9106445312,
-0.576171875,
0.1499023438,
0.3234863281,
0.042755127,
0.6259765625,
-0.2139892578,
0.3156738281,
-0.6157226562,
0.3149414062,
0.3186035156,
-0.8696289062,
0.7705078125,
-0.8291015625,
0.2739257812,
-0.3754882812,
0.4743652344,
0.7866210938,
-0.0993652344,
0.2607421875,
-0.8271484375,
-0.7158203125,
0.2237548828,
0.5009765625,
0.1291503906,
-0.3933105469,
-0.8090820312,
0.9125976562,
-0.3193359375,
0.3977050781,
-0.4462890625,
0.2751464844,
-0.9633789062,
-0.345703125,
-0.2548828125,
1.208984375,
0.1763916016,
0.4909667969,
0.8330078125,
0.2178955078,
0.2585449219,
-0.1357421875,
-0.4069824219,
-0.505859375,
0.4768066406,
0.044342041,
0.5087890625,
0.23046875,
0.7431640625,
-0.4868164062,
0.6528320312,
2.3203125,
-0.8090820312,
0.4040527344,
-0.8764648438,
0.5512695312,
-0.3693847656,
0.1167602539,
0.5249023438,
0.032989502,
-0.7719726562,
-0.088684082,
0.0315551758,
0.9086914062,
-0.0361938477,
-0.1651611328,
0.0493469238,
-0.0322875977,
-0.3337402344,
0.6171875,
-0.8637695312,
-1.0576171875,
-0.435546875,
1.1669921875,
0.6572265625,
-0.0398254395,
0.505859375,
0.4672851562,
0.76953125,
0.0444946289,
-0.1052246094,
-0.6953125,
-0.3107910156,
0.9028320312,
0.0121459961,
0.4594726562,
0.4365234375,
-0.841796875,
-0.6030273438,
1.0810546875,
0.1923828125,
-0.3217773438,
-0.0149230957,
0.591796875,
0.900390625,
0.1126098633,
-0.0258636475,
-0.8237304688,
0.1584472656,
1.3447265625,
0.875,
-0.4067382812,
-1.2958984375,
0.1016235352,
0.1947021484,
0.3996582031,
-0.3991699219,
0.4309082031,
-0.7963867188,
-0.1723632812,
-0.1517333984,
0.1343994141,
-0.5590820312,
-0.0531311035,
0.2316894531,
-0.4501953125,
-1.720703125,
0.1887207031,
-0.4855957031,
0.4399414062,
0.1411132812,
0.6943359375,
0.7172851562,
0.3698730469,
0.0827636719,
0.1853027344,
-0.177734375,
0.3100585938,
-0.0131454468,
-0.3408203125,
-0.568359375,
-0.5400390625,
0.0193786621,
-0.0010080338,
0.3188476562,
-2.056640625,
0.10546875,
0.9770507812,
-0.3481445312,
-0.349609375,
0.3781738281,
-0.51171875,
-0.4719238281,
-0.5537109375,
0.7421875,
-0.3950195312,
-0.6958007812,
0.2325439453,
-0.0467224121,
0.3146972656,
-0.4519042969,
-0.1744384766,
-0.4638671875,
-0.978515625,
-0.3713378906,
0.0859375,
0.1164550781,
0.6860351562,
0.2556152344,
-0.3540039062,
0.5209960938,
-0.8447265625,
0.2587890625,
-0.8212890625,
0.2381591797,
-0.58203125,
0.2758789062,
-0.8012695312,
-0.1605224609,
-0.1748046875,
-0.9497070312,
-1.015625,
-0.7265625,
0.5454101562,
0.6958007812,
-0.0639038086,
0.1788330078,
-0.630859375,
0.1061401367,
0.5366210938,
1.3291015625,
-0.4572753906,
-0.1029052734,
-0.0178222656,
0.2824707031,
0.96875,
-1.490234375,
-0.8530273438,
0.8217773438,
0.6987304688,
-1.283203125,
-0.1546630859,
0.5678710938,
0.1259765625,
0.3093261719,
1.7861328125,
0.0899658203,
0.248046875,
0.1343994141,
-0.083984375,
0.3264160156,
-0.3220214844,
0.5551757812,
-0.3723144531,
0.4406738281,
-0.4350585938,
0.0699462891,
-0.071105957,
0.2873535156,
-0.7465820312,
-0.5146484375,
-0.6186523438,
0.3742675781,
0.8642578125,
0.7006835938,
-0.1469726562,
-0.0965576172,
-0.638671875,
-0.1811523438,
-0.3178710938,
-0.4934082031,
-0.0605773926,
0.572265625,
0.9755859375,
-0.0888061523,
0.552734375,
-0.1602783203,
0.666015625,
-0.0466003418,
-0.7241210938,
0.3354492188,
-0.890625,
0.6430664062,
0.3093261719,
0.5092773438,
-0.2376708984,
0.0369262695,
0.9541015625,
-0.5615234375,
-1.0009765625,
0.8046875,
0.4045410156,
0.8803710938,
0.7490234375,
-0.4560546875,
0.0068016052,
-0.4123535156,
0.3117675781,
0.0054702759,
0.0959472656,
-0.1892089844,
-0.5419921875,
-0.2109375,
0.6674804688,
-1.1572265625,
-0.5952148438,
0.8588867188,
-0.591796875,
0.3918457031,
-0.0241699219,
-0.0787353516,
-1.306640625,
-0.5048828125,
-1.009765625,
0.0605773926,
0.0444335938,
0.0947265625,
-0.09765625,
-0.0142440796,
0.990234375,
0.2580566406,
0.1416015625,
-0.1429443359,
0.0178527832,
-0.6440429688,
-0.3986816406,
0.0047340393,
-0.5805664062,
-0.5185546875,
-0.5991210938,
-0.4265136719,
0.2446289062,
-0.1117553711,
-0.5625,
-0.6079101562,
-1.3505859375,
-0.048034668,
-1.8232421875,
0.2861328125,
-0.4196777344,
0.5717773438,
-0.7416992188,
-0.7436523438,
0.3903808594,
1.1953125,
-0.0245361328,
1.0126953125,
1.2529296875,
0.9790039062,
0.1854248047,
-0.5107421875,
0.5537109375,
-0.2390136719,
0.0869140625,
-0.251953125,
0.7944335938,
0.5092773438,
-0.1875,
1.087890625,
-0.1262207031,
-0.0629272461,
0.4760742188,
-0.845703125,
-1.2578125,
0.0755004883,
-0.0419006348,
-0.5405273438,
-0.6083984375,
-0.6918945312,
1.0078125,
-0.0727539062,
-0.2485351562,
-0.9067382812,
-0.4240722656,
0.5454101562,
0.9580078125,
1.255859375,
0.890625,
1.21484375,
0.7065429688,
0.2736816406,
0.0808105469,
0.0295257568,
0.3684082031,
2.044921875,
0.685546875,
0.0756225586,
-0.1470947266,
0.5966796875,
-0.6508789062,
-0.0116577148,
0.8862304688,
0.5258789062,
-0.083984375,
-0.9018554688,
-0.4030761719,
-1.0146484375,
0.572265625,
-0.0777587891,
-0.3967285156,
0.1751708984,
0.9223632812,
-0.2709960938,
-0.0133895874,
-0.0674438477,
0.1982421875,
-0.0773925781,
-0.7802734375,
-0.6552734375,
-0.01612854,
-0.4077148438,
-0.2941894531,
0.6108398438,
-0.4543457031,
-1.2490234375,
0.0653076172,
-0.3820800781,
-0.0509338379,
-0.7622070312,
-0.62109375,
0.1789550781,
-0.3493652344,
-0.2269287109,
-0.4702148438,
0.1872558594,
0.5600585938,
-0.537109375,
-0.1306152344,
0.1372070312,
-0.4538574219,
-0.8608398438,
1.076171875,
0.2065429688,
0.4587402344,
-0.3298339844,
-1.619140625,
-0.6245117188,
1.439453125,
0.4372558594,
-0.064453125,
0.4289550781,
-0.3715820312,
0.8515625,
1.0751953125,
-0.7294921875,
0.4248046875,
0.435546875,
0.9951171875,
0.9912109375,
-0.5385742188,
-0.4099121094,
0.669921875,
-1.052734375,
0.0362243652,
0.1181030273,
-0.9760742188,
-0.7446289062,
-0.6586914062,
-1.31640625,
0.4165039062,
-0.28125,
-0.0460205078,
-0.30078125,
0.8383789062,
-0.1573486328,
-0.4306640625,
0.2922363281,
-0.4143066406,
-0.1646728516,
-0.2272949219,
-0.8725585938,
0.5087890625,
0.3239746094,
0.2208251953,
0.3161621094,
-0.1281738281,
1.052734375,
-0.0462341309,
0.0531616211,
0.4235839844,
-0.4191894531,
-0.5795898438,
-0.3225097656,
1.013671875,
0.2614746094,
0.4060058594,
0.4050292969,
0.2414550781,
0.7280273438,
0.7685546875,
0.0310974121,
0.076171875,
-1.0517578125,
-0.7529296875,
-0.0442504883,
-0.3703613281,
-0.7900390625,
1.068359375,
-0.0791625977,
1.359375,
-0.3083496094,
0.1102905273,
-0.97265625,
-0.0390625,
1.1474609375,
1.119140625,
-0.3586425781,
-0.939453125,
-0.4633789062,
0.5888671875,
-0.7348632812,
-0.8774414062,
0.6733398438,
-0.3400878906,
0.4606933594,
-0.4270019531,
-0.443359375,
-1.373046875,
1.1552734375,
0.2907714844,
-0.7192382812,
-0.6323242188,
-0.1418457031,
-0.240234375,
-0.9404296875,
-0.4260253906,
0.8271484375,
-0.259765625,
0.4177246094,
0.2915039062,
0.2958984375,
-1.2802734375,
-0.02734375,
-1.888671875,
-1.6630859375,
-0.08984375,
0.0542602539,
-0.2658691406,
-0.1781005859,
1.5498046875,
-0.0767211914,
-1.3203125,
0.5859375,
-1.0283203125,
-0.5092773438,
0.197265625,
-0.875,
0.7255859375,
-1.599609375,
-1.0908203125,
-0.1551513672,
0.4379882812,
-0.4680175781,
0.9008789062,
-0.3706054688,
-0.1069335938,
0.515625,
0.3974609375,
0.0529174805,
0.3911132812,
0.68359375,
-0.6928710938,
-0.061920166,
-0.833984375,
1.1142578125,
0.6000976562,
0.3393554688,
-0.0226287842,
-0.7485351562,
0.142578125,
-0.6435546875,
0.4929199219,
-0.8193359375,
-1.06640625,
0.0436096191,
0.8500976562,
-0.1622314453,
0.0800170898,
0.7456054688,
-0.3557128906,
-0.5268554688,
-0.1489257812,
0.1674804688,
-0.6411132812,
-0.0456848145,
1.134765625,
1.1787109375,
-0.5581054688,
-0.6499023438,
-0.3698730469,
0.2697753906,
-0.2932128906,
-0.1133422852,
-0.0250396729,
-0.1613769531,
-1.2646484375,
-0.8862304688,
0.6826171875,
0.2624511719,
0.2846679688,
0.0064964294,
-0.1645507812,
-0.3173828125,
0.6801757812,
1.1572265625,
-0.3977050781,
0.8149414062,
0.1372070312,
1.4931640625,
-0.6181640625,
0.6147460938,
0.453125,
-0.599609375,
-0.0443115234,
-0.701171875,
-0.3383789062,
-1.3271484375,
1.0439453125,
0.6333007812,
-0.90234375,
-0.013053894,
0.2399902344,
0.841796875,
-0.8383789062,
-0.0407104492,
-0.0454406738,
-0.0430603027,
-1.1748046875,
0.2758789062,
0.5947265625,
0.1510009766,
0.1331787109,
0.8193359375,
0.7587890625,
0.3444824219,
-0.1303710938,
-0.4594726562,
0.0119400024,
0.0336608887,
0.5390625,
-0.4064941406,
-0.6850585938,
0.2170410156,
-0.8159179688,
0.0069503784,
-0.2270507812,
0.4008789062,
0.3701171875,
0.2442626953,
1.08203125,
0.2868652344,
0.5747070312,
1.08984375,
0.3251953125,
-0.2692871094,
0.1209106445,
-0.0539245605,
-0.28125,
-0.0819091797,
0.1058959961,
-0.3322753906,
0.5541992188,
-0.1281738281,
0.517578125,
1.169921875,
-0.2966308594,
-0.9887695312,
-1.8759765625,
-0.71484375,
0.3039550781,
0.4150390625,
-0.1890869141,
-0.4311523438,
0.7109375,
1.30078125,
0.1298828125,
0.4516601562,
0.0877685547,
-0.7583007812,
0.2873535156,
-0.0575866699,
0.2868652344,
0.0897216797,
-1.2421875,
0.3586425781,
0.1102905273,
0.0486755371,
0.0422973633,
-0.302734375,
-0.4995117188,
-0.4611816406,
-0.0239868164,
-0.4025878906,
-0.0219421387,
-0.0947875977,
-0.2022705078,
-1.1953125,
0.0378417969,
0.1889648438,
-0.1161499023,
0.8032226562,
0.0180664062,
-0.0896606445,
-0.1574707031,
-0.1116943359,
-0.3190917969,
-0.2548828125,
0.5043945312,
0.0318908691,
0.8696289062,
-0.4482421875,
-0.008430481,
0.3884277344,
-0.5258789062,
0.2802734375,
0.0918579102,
-0.6982421875,
-0.5346679688,
0.5302734375,
0.1861572266,
0.6586914062,
0.0167694092,
0.8247070312,
0.1196289062,
0.5166015625,
-0.2514648438,
0.0648193359,
-0.5390625,
-0.72265625,
0.2663574219,
0.6591796875,
0.5615234375,
0.796875,
-0.8212890625,
0.4294433594,
0.1556396484,
0.0888061523,
0.5224609375,
-0.0072746277,
-0.4809570312,
-0.1693115234,
0.0338134766,
0.0521850586,
0.0301208496,
-0.1931152344,
0.677734375,
-0.8872070312,
0.4626464844,
1.392578125,
0.059387207,
-0.2758789062,
-0.3469238281,
-0.0992431641,
2.021484375,
0.1958007812,
-0.2359619141,
-0.5053710938,
-0.5361328125,
-1.02734375,
0.3515625,
-0.0236358643,
0.1365966797,
-0.2257080078,
-0.4340820312,
0.5498046875,
-0.3024902344,
-0.1903076172,
0.2622070312,
-0.517578125,
0.2416992188,
1.306640625,
0.0668334961,
-0.4191894531,
-0.6435546875,
1.0478515625,
2.052734375,
-0.3701171875,
0.783203125,
-0.6752929688,
0.1300048828,
0.0523986816,
-13.25,
-2.37890625,
-0.0641479492,
0.7915039062,
-0.75,
0.4069824219,
0.1463623047,
-0.2866210938,
0.0009660721,
-0.669921875,
0.4243164062,
1.576171875,
-0.4418945312,
-0.9526367188,
-0.1507568359,
0.0397644043,
-0.0098724365,
-0.3640136719,
-0.6323242188,
0.5014648438,
0.5024414062,
1.56640625,
-0.4599609375,
0.3015136719,
-0.6225585938,
0.071105957,
1.5205078125,
0.0587463379,
0.1467285156,
0.71875,
-0.4736328125,
0.4606933594,
-0.1494140625,
-0.0107650757,
-0.4809570312,
0.4008789062,
0.357421875,
0.1485595703,
0.7197265625,
0.2060546875,
-0.1126098633,
0.3557128906,
-0.7431640625,
-0.3371582031,
0.9829101562,
0.6904296875,
-0.2614746094,
-0.2264404297,
-0.0620727539,
-0.3947753906,
0.259765625,
1.3388671875,
-0.1253662109,
-0.5166015625,
-1.2626953125,
-0.5634765625,
-1.0244140625,
0.6225585938,
0.073425293,
0.35546875,
-0.6977539062,
-0.0054244995,
0.9047851562,
-0.1705322266,
0.412109375,
-0.8676757812,
-1.1083984375,
-0.603515625,
0.0708007812,
-0.28515625,
-0.2961425781,
-0.1000366211,
1.359375,
-0.009765625,
-0.4245605469,
0.1291503906,
1.091796875,
-0.2937011719,
-0.78125,
0.2836914062,
0.3176269531,
-0.546875
] |
George Biddell Airy, the former Lucasian Professor at Cambridge and future Astronomer Royal, unreservedly accepted the wave theory by 1831. In 1834, he famously calculated the diffraction pattern of a circular aperture from the wave theory, thereby explaining the limited angular resolution of a perfect telescope . By the end of the 1830s, the only prominent British physicist who held out against the wave theory was Brewster, whose objections included the difficulty of explaining photochemical effects and (in his opinion) dispersion. A German translation of De la Lumière was published in installments in 1825 and 1828. The wave theory was adopted by Fraunhofer in the early 1820s and by Franz Ernst Neumann in the 1830s, and then began to find favor in German textbooks. The economy of assumptions under the wave theory was emphasized by William Whewell in his History of the Inductive Sciences, first published in 1837. In the corpuscular system, "every new class of facts requires a new supposition," whereas in the wave system, a hypothesis devised in order to explain one phenomenon is then found to explain or predict others. In the corpuscular system there is "no unexpected success, no happy coincidence, no convergence of principles from remote quarters"; but in the wave system, "all tends to unity and simplicity." Hence, in 1850, when Foucault and Fizeau found by experiment that light travels more slowly in water than in air, in accordance with the wave explanation of refraction and contrary to the corpuscular explanation, the result came as no surprise. | [
-0.3591308594,
-0.9389648438,
0.1640625,
0.034942627,
-0.6811523438,
-0.1024169922,
0.7329101562,
-0.5341796875,
0.4545898438,
0.1585693359,
0.073425293,
0.1898193359,
-0.1033325195,
-0.5571289062,
0.1204223633,
-0.4523925781,
-0.6948242188,
-0.7963867188,
0.2098388672,
0.5600585938,
-0.3798828125,
0.1655273438,
-0.0545349121,
-1.021484375,
-1.5419921875,
0.0628051758,
0.0479125977,
0.2456054688,
-0.4338378906,
0.1649169922,
-0.1326904297,
0.0902709961,
0.1682128906,
-0.439453125,
0.050994873,
0.7583007812,
0.0631713867,
-0.8530273438,
-0.9155273438,
-0.0216369629,
-0.7778320312,
-0.2846679688,
-0.4240722656,
-0.3815917969,
-0.0481872559,
-0.1623535156,
-0.1220703125,
-0.4135742188,
-0.5454101562,
-0.6850585938,
-0.7275390625,
-0.8178710938,
-0.2578125,
-0.0586242676,
-0.1478271484,
-1.189453125,
0.1683349609,
-0.0740966797,
0.6044921875,
0.0528259277,
-0.6357421875,
0.0489807129,
0.0478210449,
0.0068359375,
0.6245117188,
-0.2398681641,
-0.0645751953,
-1.126953125,
-0.4426269531,
0.958984375,
-0.5747070312,
-0.27734375,
-0.1875,
-1.05078125,
-0.625,
-0.3276367188,
-1.298828125,
0.6352539062,
0.1089477539,
1.4091796875,
0.0065116882,
-0.734375,
-0.1951904297,
-0.4228515625,
-1.1123046875,
-0.0294799805,
-0.0075035095,
-0.3569335938,
-0.9829101562,
1.478515625,
0.1790771484,
-0.6118164062,
-0.7358398438,
0.451171875,
0.124206543,
-0.6137695312,
-0.3200683594,
-1.171875,
-1.408203125,
0.1104125977,
-0.1607666016,
-1.0634765625,
0.5161132812,
0.3371582031,
-0.1009521484,
0.7436523438,
-0.6752929688,
0.018371582,
0.0634155273,
-0.1735839844,
0.24609375,
-0.2507324219,
0.6220703125,
-0.0450134277,
-0.8989257812,
0.2785644531,
-0.353515625,
-0.124206543,
-0.1553955078,
-0.8295898438,
-0.2158203125,
0.6298828125,
0.0674438477,
-0.8505859375,
0.1641845703,
0.1256103516,
0.0321960449,
-0.1749267578,
-0.8774414062,
0.298828125,
0.3459472656,
0.458984375,
-0.1589355469,
0.1500244141,
-0.5112304688,
-0.4658203125,
-0.4140625,
0.0144577026,
0.2827148438,
-0.80859375,
0.1752929688,
0.478515625,
-0.3588867188,
-0.2252197266,
0.3356933594,
0.3063964844,
-0.7319335938,
0.1672363281,
-0.0567321777,
0.0536193848,
-0.98828125,
-0.7104492188,
0.8540039062,
-0.1363525391,
-0.5732421875,
0.6831054688,
-0.4360351562,
-0.734375,
-0.1463623047,
-0.8872070312,
-0.1685791016,
0.5063476562,
-1.31640625,
-0.8393554688,
0.3132324219,
0.6284179688,
-0.4626464844,
0.049041748,
-0.3215332031,
0.2474365234,
0.0571594238,
0.42578125,
0.3693847656,
0.2973632812,
-0.1075439453,
-0.2587890625,
0.7119140625,
-0.8071289062,
0.2202148438,
0.8999023438,
0.0978393555,
-1.287109375,
-0.0812988281,
-0.5498046875,
0.1350097656,
0.5522460938,
0.1826171875,
0.2731933594,
-0.5083007812,
-0.4182128906,
-0.3784179688,
1.056640625,
0.1170043945,
-0.6533203125,
-0.2448730469,
0.4104003906,
-0.6220703125,
-0.5390625,
0.0852661133,
0.5434570312,
0.0874633789,
1.7333984375,
0.8725585938,
0.5024414062,
0.1788330078,
0.3571777344,
0.8588867188,
-0.4758300781,
1.3212890625,
0.2349853516,
-0.0411376953,
0.5522460938,
-0.1979980469,
0.2131347656,
0.5620117188,
-0.2335205078,
0.8154296875,
0.0632324219,
0.8759765625,
-0.828125,
0.876953125,
-0.1462402344,
-0.9985351562,
1.064453125,
-0.6069335938,
-0.1488037109,
-0.3198242188,
1.056640625,
0.3442382812,
-0.0030651093,
0.2561035156,
-0.2849121094,
-0.58984375,
0.0817871094,
0.1749267578,
-0.0549926758,
0.2514648438,
-1.826171875,
0.0668945312,
0.0877075195,
-0.216796875,
-0.8012695312,
0.3518066406,
-0.3352050781,
-0.4040527344,
-0.587890625,
1.25,
-0.5419921875,
0.4187011719,
0.8872070312,
-0.2454833984,
0.3591308594,
-0.0232696533,
0.1818847656,
-0.8315429688,
0.1220703125,
-0.3586425781,
-0.0563354492,
-0.0794677734,
0.4594726562,
-0.2614746094,
0.7846679688,
1.0478515625,
-0.61328125,
0.7041015625,
-0.4074707031,
1.0263671875,
-0.1837158203,
0.3227539062,
0.5703125,
0.1385498047,
-0.8950195312,
0.3930664062,
-0.6000976562,
0.8828125,
-0.2534179688,
-0.7939453125,
-0.6508789062,
0.4870605469,
-0.2277832031,
0.5834960938,
-0.9248046875,
-0.2932128906,
-0.1646728516,
1.0009765625,
1.0888671875,
0.4777832031,
-0.0004308224,
0.0504455566,
0.8798828125,
0.1390380859,
-0.0395507812,
-1.18359375,
0.1403808594,
1.6728515625,
0.1563720703,
0.0378417969,
0.6166992188,
-0.935546875,
-0.7055664062,
1.392578125,
0.5107421875,
0.2061767578,
-0.062286377,
0.9536132812,
0.6499023438,
0.2028808594,
-0.783203125,
-0.4389648438,
0.1380615234,
0.2946777344,
0.5102539062,
-0.2680664062,
-0.6870117188,
0.0493774414,
-0.2447509766,
0.2425537109,
-0.1533203125,
-0.0776367188,
-0.7392578125,
-0.4743652344,
-0.3610839844,
-0.0532226562,
-0.3989257812,
0.2888183594,
1.1650390625,
-0.5063476562,
-1.5234375,
-0.0914306641,
-0.0905151367,
1.0302734375,
-0.1247558594,
0.5952148438,
1.125,
0.138671875,
0.0995483398,
-0.888671875,
0.3032226562,
-0.1589355469,
0.0252075195,
0.3676757812,
-0.3605957031,
-0.4514160156,
0.171875,
-0.2275390625,
0.6586914062,
-1.7568359375,
-0.5463867188,
0.7084960938,
-0.1468505859,
0.2412109375,
0.4462890625,
-0.626953125,
-0.5424804688,
-0.5473632812,
0.369140625,
0.1478271484,
-0.2172851562,
-0.4870605469,
-0.2341308594,
0.1231689453,
-0.3386230469,
-0.0087280273,
-0.912109375,
-0.875,
-0.146484375,
-0.0511474609,
-0.092590332,
0.74609375,
0.1058349609,
-0.1363525391,
0.55078125,
-0.3798828125,
0.17578125,
-0.4482421875,
-0.5639648438,
-1.025390625,
-0.2998046875,
-0.2388916016,
-0.4494628906,
-0.435546875,
-0.9462890625,
-0.3244628906,
-1.21875,
0.8012695312,
0.8657226562,
-0.0653686523,
0.0819091797,
-0.5146484375,
-0.2592773438,
0.9204101562,
0.7670898438,
-0.1842041016,
-0.0014772415,
-0.2685546875,
0.9072265625,
0.3110351562,
-1.4853515625,
-0.3686523438,
0.8549804688,
0.2653808594,
-0.8276367188,
-0.3647460938,
0.953125,
0.3530273438,
0.0085220337,
2.09765625,
0.5942382812,
-0.0729980469,
0.0462341309,
-0.2709960938,
-0.3588867188,
-0.4975585938,
0.4921875,
-0.5595703125,
-0.3786621094,
0.0475769043,
0.0111465454,
0.0150756836,
0.3435058594,
-0.7739257812,
-0.3530273438,
-0.9443359375,
0.568359375,
0.7919921875,
-0.2366943359,
-0.5454101562,
-0.2932128906,
-0.6840820312,
-0.5922851562,
-0.0402526855,
0.3549804688,
0.041015625,
0.0322265625,
0.5146484375,
-0.2485351562,
-0.1342773438,
0.1125488281,
0.4291992188,
0.0654296875,
-0.876953125,
0.5473632812,
-0.6328125,
0.8657226562,
0.8686523438,
0.7592773438,
-0.0526733398,
-0.1953125,
0.4814453125,
-0.1170654297,
-0.2210693359,
0.4658203125,
0.4306640625,
0.6811523438,
0.7563476562,
-0.724609375,
0.116394043,
-0.2150878906,
-0.0725708008,
0.1953125,
0.2868652344,
0.0739746094,
-0.666015625,
0.4479980469,
0.4055175781,
-1.42578125,
-0.7099609375,
0.8955078125,
-0.2736816406,
-0.5053710938,
0.2805175781,
-0.0144729614,
-1.443359375,
-0.91015625,
-1.0390625,
0.2866210938,
0.0058670044,
-0.3654785156,
0.1231689453,
0.3100585938,
1.2412109375,
0.9731445312,
0.3664550781,
-0.1384277344,
-0.4250488281,
-0.0926513672,
-0.6323242188,
0.4301757812,
-0.1396484375,
0.3720703125,
0.201171875,
-0.0693359375,
-0.1409912109,
-0.0731811523,
-0.1071166992,
-0.521484375,
-1.0439453125,
-0.0148086548,
-1.5166015625,
0.1744384766,
0.0313110352,
0.0190734863,
-0.0813598633,
-0.1676025391,
0.0540466309,
0.9501953125,
0.3325195312,
0.2724609375,
1.51953125,
0.5532226562,
-0.5844726562,
-0.6279296875,
0.8115234375,
-0.124206543,
-0.3674316406,
-0.5869140625,
0.3752441406,
0.642578125,
-0.4299316406,
1.287109375,
1.0234375,
-0.3244628906,
0.5737304688,
-0.2973632812,
-0.47265625,
0.0124511719,
0.2858886719,
-0.560546875,
-0.771484375,
-0.9936523438,
1.31640625,
-0.2320556641,
-0.1442871094,
-1.201171875,
-0.4904785156,
0.4865722656,
1.021484375,
1.048828125,
1.0185546875,
0.8354492188,
0.3981933594,
0.2290039062,
0.1198120117,
0.0933227539,
0.6787109375,
1.6142578125,
0.4094238281,
-0.2783203125,
-0.2705078125,
0.6928710938,
-0.6787109375,
0.2030029297,
0.4443359375,
0.9350585938,
-0.42578125,
-0.51171875,
-0.2138671875,
-0.4365234375,
0.3725585938,
-0.7094726562,
-0.1640625,
-0.009475708,
0.30859375,
0.3896484375,
-0.3889160156,
0.4807128906,
0.2058105469,
-0.4624023438,
-0.0243225098,
-0.5400390625,
0.3576660156,
-0.341796875,
0.2292480469,
0.7670898438,
-0.583984375,
-0.8374023438,
0.2449951172,
-0.3833007812,
0.2841796875,
-0.2514648438,
-0.9169921875,
0.1697998047,
0.083190918,
-0.3854980469,
-0.4233398438,
0.9912109375,
-0.1076049805,
-0.5927734375,
-0.556640625,
-0.5390625,
0.0374450684,
-0.6879882812,
1.265625,
0.0553588867,
0.62890625,
-0.3166503906,
-2.03125,
-0.2736816406,
0.5297851562,
0.0897216797,
0.0704956055,
0.4816894531,
-0.1669921875,
0.7626953125,
1.060546875,
-0.4641113281,
-0.2166748047,
-0.0254821777,
0.83203125,
0.2058105469,
-0.3605957031,
-0.1762695312,
0.5556640625,
-0.9409179688,
0.4040527344,
0.0978393555,
-0.7783203125,
-0.4677734375,
-0.5610351562,
-1.7333984375,
-0.3010253906,
-0.0670166016,
0.4602050781,
-0.0543823242,
1.03125,
0.3684082031,
0.0400085449,
0.2631835938,
-0.4143066406,
-0.1026611328,
0.8515625,
-0.736328125,
0.4978027344,
0.0156707764,
-0.0369262695,
0.3020019531,
-0.0306549072,
1.0732421875,
0.1899414062,
-0.0697631836,
0.3208007812,
-0.7294921875,
-0.5712890625,
-0.3176269531,
0.9360351562,
-0.1877441406,
0.2670898438,
0.0938720703,
-0.9418945312,
0.376953125,
0.3376464844,
0.0393676758,
0.0599975586,
-0.6533203125,
-0.2449951172,
0.2785644531,
-0.7578125,
-0.6669921875,
1.1103515625,
0.2274169922,
1.2001953125,
-0.099609375,
0.8549804688,
-0.6215820312,
-0.0174407959,
0.6728515625,
0.427734375,
-0.3159179688,
-1.380859375,
-0.7221679688,
-0.0684204102,
-0.6181640625,
-0.5932617188,
0.4641113281,
-0.0266571045,
-0.4357910156,
-0.0654296875,
-0.6225585938,
-1.8974609375,
1.10546875,
-0.1638183594,
-0.3464355469,
-0.2152099609,
0.4201660156,
-0.2985839844,
-0.83203125,
-0.5083007812,
0.7446289062,
-0.884765625,
0.0386962891,
0.9741210938,
0.9404296875,
-1.8701171875,
-0.3442382812,
-1.1923828125,
-1.1845703125,
-0.0530395508,
0.5478515625,
-0.0940551758,
-0.4921875,
1.162109375,
-0.1372070312,
-1.2451171875,
0.7124023438,
-0.3796386719,
-0.1137084961,
0.5620117188,
-0.0231018066,
0.509765625,
-1.478515625,
-0.681640625,
-0.060760498,
0.7524414062,
0.2883300781,
0.56640625,
0.1000976562,
0.0241241455,
0.7866210938,
0.4577636719,
0.3278808594,
0.28125,
0.7900390625,
-0.5122070312,
-0.0322875977,
-1.0224609375,
1.015625,
0.3942871094,
-0.0236206055,
0.0086364746,
-0.677734375,
0.0327148438,
-0.1115722656,
0.5405273438,
-1.111328125,
-0.712890625,
-0.3078613281,
0.921875,
-0.000222683,
0.265625,
0.3544921875,
-0.8920898438,
-0.60546875,
-0.1505126953,
0.4152832031,
-0.3735351562,
-0.0470275879,
1.029296875,
0.833984375,
-0.1096191406,
0.1168212891,
-0.724609375,
0.9536132812,
0.26171875,
-0.1292724609,
0.1122436523,
0.5141601562,
-0.6669921875,
-0.7270507812,
0.9936523438,
0.1467285156,
0.0690917969,
0.0670776367,
-0.54296875,
-0.2614746094,
0.4582519531,
1.2353515625,
0.0117034912,
0.5561523438,
0.552734375,
1.1494140625,
-0.5478515625,
0.2634277344,
0.7563476562,
-0.9697265625,
-0.1995849609,
-0.796875,
-0.2053222656,
-1.05859375,
0.8930664062,
0.3063964844,
-0.9306640625,
-0.2915039062,
-0.2265625,
-0.2934570312,
-0.376953125,
-0.2171630859,
-0.3444824219,
0.7763671875,
-0.646484375,
-0.4365234375,
1.4345703125,
0.568359375,
0.7241210938,
0.58984375,
0.52734375,
-0.0952758789,
0.345703125,
-0.552734375,
0.53125,
-0.2866210938,
0.3278808594,
-0.1483154297,
-0.697265625,
0.0194396973,
-1.060546875,
0.0807495117,
-0.0272064209,
0.0241394043,
0.3911132812,
0.5810546875,
0.5229492188,
0.5463867188,
0.80859375,
0.5766601562,
0.8549804688,
-0.5498046875,
0.2083740234,
0.37109375,
-0.4565429688,
0.2795410156,
0.1058959961,
-0.5122070312,
0.6484375,
0.2668457031,
0.6518554688,
0.9135742188,
-0.5493164062,
-0.9873046875,
-1.0810546875,
-0.9580078125,
0.6083984375,
0.5844726562,
-0.0012626648,
-0.2885742188,
-0.123840332,
1.1181640625,
0.0190582275,
0.7236328125,
0.5458984375,
-0.9301757812,
-0.359375,
-0.1804199219,
0.5576171875,
-0.3952636719,
-1.2255859375,
0.96484375,
0.4411621094,
-0.3654785156,
-0.1444091797,
-0.3522949219,
-0.4240722656,
-0.0463256836,
0.1138916016,
-0.5708007812,
0.3811035156,
-0.1143188477,
0.0850219727,
-0.3022460938,
0.0834960938,
0.3464355469,
0.2661132812,
0.6044921875,
-0.5493164062,
0.0841674805,
0.0975952148,
-0.259765625,
0.0073699951,
0.0420837402,
0.8481445312,
0.1362304688,
0.9838867188,
-0.6616210938,
0.2678222656,
-0.1595458984,
-0.5,
0.1824951172,
-0.0112228394,
-0.8173828125,
-0.60546875,
0.00045681,
0.419921875,
0.4790039062,
0.2221679688,
0.9497070312,
0.3859863281,
0.5341796875,
-0.4479980469,
-0.1740722656,
-0.7294921875,
-1.1279296875,
-0.5483398438,
0.1017456055,
1.0263671875,
0.6694335938,
0.0799560547,
0.4162597656,
0.669921875,
0.2409667969,
0.3146972656,
-0.4929199219,
-0.3410644531,
-0.2895507812,
0.3662109375,
0.4763183594,
-0.2376708984,
-0.31640625,
0.1989746094,
-0.6455078125,
0.8427734375,
0.2385253906,
-0.2895507812,
-0.3942871094,
-0.8276367188,
-0.1264648438,
1.2255859375,
-0.1466064453,
-0.0227661133,
-0.8310546875,
-0.8125,
-0.3315429688,
-0.42578125,
0.062286377,
0.3840332031,
-0.302734375,
-0.3249511719,
0.6748046875,
-0.2563476562,
0.1754150391,
0.4721679688,
0.0641479492,
-0.4265136719,
0.5869140625,
0.0076255798,
-1.13671875,
-1.017578125,
1.4873046875,
1.7607421875,
-0.3962402344,
0.9555664062,
-0.9692382812,
-0.0800170898,
0.0144805908,
-14.1171875,
-1.9580078125,
-0.2590332031,
0.4631347656,
-0.3383789062,
0.2607421875,
0.017288208,
-0.7578125,
-0.2734375,
-0.25390625,
-0.1773681641,
1.541015625,
-0.7084960938,
-0.0905151367,
-0.0749511719,
-0.5341796875,
-0.2493896484,
-0.0173797607,
-0.8364257812,
0.5209960938,
0.3952636719,
1.314453125,
-0.5693359375,
-0.1142578125,
-1.2216796875,
0.0531921387,
1.19921875,
-0.5493164062,
-0.6103515625,
0.40625,
-0.2274169922,
0.2888183594,
-0.6826171875,
0.8530273438,
-0.4279785156,
0.2447509766,
0.7216796875,
0.2071533203,
-0.1988525391,
-0.4711914062,
-0.2097167969,
0.3947753906,
-0.2344970703,
-0.2346191406,
0.3005371094,
0.4040527344,
-0.0778808594,
-0.1524658203,
-0.1921386719,
-0.236328125,
0.6508789062,
1.0712890625,
0.2100830078,
-0.2841796875,
-0.619140625,
-0.1195068359,
-0.2406005859,
-0.0077476501,
-0.6484375,
0.0899658203,
-0.2191162109,
0.6254882812,
0.521484375,
-0.2875976562,
-0.0654907227,
-0.7646484375,
-0.7495117188,
-0.2414550781,
0.5200195312,
-0.0241851807,
-0.0699462891,
-0.4030761719,
1.205078125,
0.119140625,
-0.8715820312,
-0.2204589844,
0.5927734375,
-0.4799804688,
-0.3381347656,
0.8842773438,
-0.3364257812,
-0.0924682617
] |
Lighthouses and the Fresnel lens
Fresnel was not the first person to focus a lighthouse beam using a lens. That distinction apparently belongs to the London glass-cutter Thomas Rogers, whose first lenses, 53cm in diameter and 14cm thick at the center, were installed at the Old Lower Lighthouse at Portland Bill in 1789. Further samples were installed in about half a dozen other locations by 1804. But much of the light was wasted by absorption in the glass. Nor was Fresnel the first to suggest replacing a convex lens with a series of concentric annular prisms, to reduce weight and absorption. In 1748, Count Buffon proposed grinding such prisms as steps in a single piece of glass. In 1790, the Marquis de Condorcet suggested that it would be easier to make the annular sections separately and assemble them on a frame; but even that was impractical at the time. These designs were intended not for lighthouses, but for burning glasses. Brewster, however, proposed a system similar to Condorcet's in 1811, and by 1820 was advocating its use in British lighthouses. Meanwhile, on 21 June 1819, Fresnel was "temporarily" seconded by the Commission des Phares (Commission of Lighthouses) on the recommendation of Arago (a member of the Commission since 1813), to review possible improvements in lighthouse illumination. The commission had been established by Napoleon in 1811 and placed under the Corps des Ponts – Fresnel's employer. | [
-1.056640625,
-0.2322998047,
0.48828125,
-0.19140625,
1.1923828125,
-0.2322998047,
0.0260162354,
-0.2775878906,
0.8334960938,
0.4240722656,
-0.049407959,
0.0356445312,
-0.2768554688,
0.0387573242,
-0.5634765625,
-0.8217773438,
-0.0897827148,
-0.7333984375,
-0.5849609375,
0.619140625,
-0.2338867188,
-0.966796875,
-0.90625,
-0.3371582031,
-1.2919921875,
0.94921875,
-0.4133300781,
-0.1577148438,
-0.5341796875,
-0.5405273438,
0.9047851562,
-1.2236328125,
-0.5249023438,
-0.0588378906,
0.2139892578,
1.3515625,
-0.4663085938,
0.8896484375,
-0.0616455078,
-0.2115478516,
0.1771240234,
-0.5888671875,
1.1953125,
-0.8784179688,
0.9575195312,
-0.1633300781,
0.5551757812,
0.26171875,
-1.412109375,
-0.4382324219,
-0.0746459961,
-1.513671875,
-0.744140625,
0.0908813477,
0.3356933594,
0.049041748,
-0.0388793945,
-0.5634765625,
0.0204315186,
0.5297851562,
-0.2512207031,
0.646484375,
-0.8315429688,
0.65234375,
1.9306640625,
-0.8403320312,
0.2344970703,
-0.703125,
-1.0234375,
0.51953125,
-0.6328125,
-0.8530273438,
-0.1589355469,
-0.3984375,
-0.7192382812,
0.765625,
-1.302734375,
0.3623046875,
0.4802246094,
0.4575195312,
-0.5107421875,
-0.1252441406,
-0.873046875,
-0.6899414062,
-0.4401855469,
-0.3198242188,
0.8266601562,
-0.650390625,
-1.396484375,
2.25,
-0.4758300781,
-0.4697265625,
-0.1787109375,
-0.110168457,
-0.7407226562,
-0.7495117188,
-1.185546875,
-0.6606445312,
-0.7866210938,
-0.3605957031,
0.5546875,
-1.3974609375,
0.3994140625,
0.8486328125,
0.22265625,
1.501953125,
-0.5981445312,
-0.2138671875,
-0.1062011719,
0.4318847656,
0.2265625,
-0.1180419922,
0.5927734375,
-0.114440918,
-1.0576171875,
0.4506835938,
-1.544921875,
0.2563476562,
-1.525390625,
0.0539550781,
0.5727539062,
0.2312011719,
-0.4584960938,
-0.0270385742,
0.3190917969,
-0.5205078125,
-0.5249023438,
0.1210327148,
-0.6357421875,
-0.2315673828,
-0.4172363281,
-0.0532226562,
-0.3046875,
-0.7241210938,
-0.705078125,
-0.5356445312,
-1.7705078125,
-0.1455078125,
0.328125,
-0.7846679688,
0.0062446594,
0.7158203125,
0.3876953125,
0.3215332031,
-0.4299316406,
-0.0592956543,
0.0974731445,
0.0626220703,
-0.1340332031,
0.416015625,
-1.00390625,
0.2814941406,
0.671875,
0.0889892578,
-1.0673828125,
-0.0975341797,
-0.5478515625,
-0.8408203125,
0.2507324219,
-1.2783203125,
-0.4616699219,
-0.2553710938,
-0.98046875,
-0.6357421875,
-0.7216796875,
-0.0167388916,
-0.2209472656,
-0.8408203125,
-0.4802246094,
0.48046875,
0.666015625,
0.1481933594,
0.0825805664,
0.8334960938,
-0.1029052734,
-0.5869140625,
0.939453125,
0.6538085938,
0.3872070312,
1.20703125,
-0.2856445312,
-0.9868164062,
-0.6547851562,
0.1567382812,
-0.0450744629,
-0.4958496094,
-0.0351257324,
-0.818359375,
-0.2216796875,
-0.2585449219,
-0.4067382812,
0.7250976562,
0.4768066406,
-0.0011911392,
-0.6201171875,
-0.2186279297,
-0.5346679688,
0.5649414062,
0.1887207031,
-0.2744140625,
0.1848144531,
0.1372070312,
0.4372558594,
0.8129882812,
0.29296875,
0.7900390625,
0.763671875,
0.3989257812,
1.408203125,
-0.2541503906,
-0.3681640625,
0.5966796875,
-0.568359375,
0.0520935059,
-0.0613098145,
-0.1947021484,
0.3737792969,
0.546875,
0.9057617188,
-1.3759765625,
0.2604980469,
0.6010742188,
-1.587890625,
-0.7182617188,
-1.1494140625,
-1.0009765625,
-0.4450683594,
1.0576171875,
0.3317871094,
0.2790527344,
-0.0792236328,
0.5297851562,
-0.5747070312,
0.6040039062,
0.3234863281,
0.0975341797,
-0.7563476562,
-0.3762207031,
-0.3395996094,
-0.7827148438,
0.75390625,
0.1766357422,
-0.1751708984,
0.1824951172,
-0.1524658203,
-0.2846679688,
0.3510742188,
0.294921875,
0.2531738281,
0.3034667969,
0.0839233398,
-0.3977050781,
1.953125,
-0.1390380859,
0.2827148438,
0.6943359375,
0.2907714844,
-0.4091796875,
0.0603027344,
0.2565917969,
0.8129882812,
0.2396240234,
-0.3056640625,
-0.6762695312,
0.4501953125,
-0.4133300781,
0.572265625,
-0.2381591797,
-0.2197265625,
-0.1341552734,
0.5170898438,
-0.4560546875,
-0.7817382812,
-0.1370849609,
0.5073242188,
-0.6391601562,
-0.912109375,
0.5595703125,
-0.2543945312,
-0.0589294434,
-0.4108886719,
-0.7758789062,
-1.015625,
-0.7841796875,
0.9453125,
1.0634765625,
0.0141906738,
0.1828613281,
-1.265625,
0.51171875,
1.712890625,
0.283203125,
-0.1010742188,
-0.1512451172,
0.7709960938,
-0.0194549561,
0.2595214844,
1.185546875,
-1.4365234375,
-0.2766113281,
-0.0331115723,
1.224609375,
-0.6088867188,
-0.5927734375,
0.1132202148,
0.9296875,
-0.4140625,
-0.1995849609,
-1.8037109375,
0.024230957,
-0.1705322266,
0.4284667969,
0.3894042969,
0.1311035156,
-0.5751953125,
-0.1607666016,
-0.0932006836,
-0.8271484375,
-0.3620605469,
-1.2646484375,
0.775390625,
-0.0780029297,
-0.390625,
0.0346679688,
0.6215820312,
0.4216308594,
0.2058105469,
-1.3662109375,
0.4194335938,
-0.1409912109,
-0.1330566406,
-0.1561279297,
0.8427734375,
-0.2739257812,
-0.2924804688,
0.8818359375,
0.3125,
-0.5283203125,
0.1125488281,
-0.4538574219,
-0.2230224609,
-0.890625,
-0.7534179688,
0.5078125,
-0.3039550781,
1.1142578125,
-0.990234375,
0.1353759766,
0.3276367188,
0.0527954102,
0.4140625,
0.5590820312,
0.3369140625,
-0.9370117188,
-0.509765625,
0.4799804688,
-0.3212890625,
-0.6176757812,
-0.2331542969,
0.5791015625,
-0.8686523438,
-0.458984375,
0.9130859375,
0.1606445312,
0.9013671875,
-0.2924804688,
-0.7426757812,
0.8168945312,
0.3937988281,
0.4104003906,
-0.3283691406,
0.45703125,
-0.6264648438,
0.6533203125,
-0.4140625,
-0.4907226562,
-0.9213867188,
0.3232421875,
0.0348510742,
0.2548828125,
-0.2182617188,
-0.5830078125,
-0.6953125,
-0.5747070312,
-0.7456054688,
0.2890625,
0.4477539062,
-0.572265625,
-1.2783203125,
-0.0052719116,
0.3989257812,
0.1270751953,
-0.0740356445,
-0.6782226562,
0.0484924316,
0.9443359375,
0.4704589844,
-1.15234375,
-0.6337890625,
0.2956542969,
-0.4733886719,
-1.732421875,
-0.1892089844,
0.6020507812,
0.2604980469,
-0.4321289062,
2.322265625,
0.3818359375,
0.0078735352,
-0.2342529297,
-0.541015625,
-0.7651367188,
0.4711914062,
-0.1904296875,
-1.59765625,
-0.2592773438,
0.3356933594,
0.861328125,
0.3601074219,
0.6020507812,
-0.646484375,
-0.3134765625,
0.271484375,
-0.1009521484,
1.0068359375,
-0.2093505859,
0.1646728516,
0.9555664062,
0.0794677734,
-0.2670898438,
-1.0654296875,
0.100769043,
0.8911132812,
0.1275634766,
-0.1876220703,
0.1198120117,
0.3149414062,
0.5463867188,
-0.2180175781,
-0.2188720703,
-0.1948242188,
0.7065429688,
-0.3168945312,
0.2257080078,
0.9125976562,
0.0876464844,
0.7719726562,
0.1695556641,
0.4724121094,
0.1995849609,
-1.1103515625,
0.2111816406,
0.4794921875,
0.4633789062,
0.8872070312,
-0.4099121094,
-0.419921875,
-0.9008789062,
1.599609375,
-0.0479125977,
0.2338867188,
-0.0797729492,
-1.013671875,
0.5419921875,
0.8842773438,
-0.8725585938,
-0.3864746094,
-0.1307373047,
-0.7768554688,
-0.2956542969,
0.0999755859,
0.1502685547,
-2.1875,
-1.1572265625,
-0.9545898438,
0.89453125,
0.3317871094,
-0.1087036133,
-0.0341186523,
0.783203125,
1.203125,
-0.7456054688,
0.1178588867,
-0.0076293945,
-0.1021728516,
-0.0686035156,
-0.0130310059,
-0.5297851562,
-0.263671875,
-0.0477600098,
0.0283355713,
0.8256835938,
0.5034179688,
0.3491210938,
-1.291015625,
-0.4072265625,
-0.0995483398,
-0.3662109375,
-1.8974609375,
-0.1926269531,
-1.06640625,
0.2744140625,
-0.1636962891,
-0.857421875,
-0.4350585938,
0.5512695312,
-0.0795898438,
0.66015625,
-0.1193847656,
0.9077148438,
-0.5771484375,
-0.1759033203,
-0.0434265137,
-0.3583984375,
-0.1677246094,
-0.8374023438,
1.908203125,
0.1944580078,
-0.0476379395,
0.4094238281,
0.4108886719,
-0.1264648438,
0.9106445312,
-0.6362304688,
-0.71875,
1.13671875,
0.0141143799,
-0.0473632812,
-1.0546875,
1.162109375,
1.05078125,
-1.0830078125,
0.1156616211,
-0.2371826172,
-0.3745117188,
0.060760498,
0.3942871094,
0.98828125,
0.8247070312,
0.80859375,
-0.3793945312,
0.4743652344,
-0.3718261719,
-0.1949462891,
0.8271484375,
1.119140625,
0.1809082031,
-0.0552062988,
-0.158203125,
0.94921875,
-0.2641601562,
-0.5361328125,
0.3603515625,
1.7900390625,
-0.2944335938,
0.037322998,
-0.5366210938,
-1.2890625,
1.0888671875,
-0.2220458984,
-0.9077148438,
-0.166015625,
-0.1458740234,
-0.0208892822,
-0.5649414062,
-0.2622070312,
0.3725585938,
0.8154296875,
-0.5336914062,
0.1245727539,
-0.0645751953,
-0.931640625,
-0.1060180664,
0.1402587891,
-0.9731445312,
-0.4438476562,
-0.0409240723,
-0.193359375,
0.3901367188,
0.2631835938,
1.1328125,
0.564453125,
-0.8481445312,
0.2309570312,
-0.6479492188,
-0.1096191406,
0.5107421875,
-0.654296875,
-0.5903320312,
-0.4997558594,
-0.8388671875,
-0.8125,
0.3896484375,
0.0783691406,
0.2203369141,
0.85546875,
-1.1416015625,
0.69921875,
1.4609375,
-0.3991699219,
0.666015625,
0.1693115234,
-0.8779296875,
0.625,
1.455078125,
-0.3286132812,
0.3327636719,
-0.0661621094,
0.2619628906,
0.724609375,
0.546875,
-0.1756591797,
1.3837890625,
-1.4248046875,
1.3017578125,
-0.078125,
-0.0731201172,
0.2320556641,
-0.40625,
-1.208984375,
0.13671875,
-0.0520629883,
0.4499511719,
0.1661376953,
0.0795288086,
-0.0122680664,
-0.8852539062,
0.0874023438,
-1.1484375,
0.4797363281,
0.8168945312,
-0.9501953125,
0.0794067383,
-0.2937011719,
0.4321289062,
0.0335388184,
-0.6469726562,
0.4978027344,
-0.0761108398,
0.1711425781,
0.6342773438,
-0.2242431641,
-0.9750976562,
0.0059547424,
1.8037109375,
-0.1907958984,
0.2122802734,
0.3684082031,
-1.58203125,
0.2413330078,
1.3115234375,
0.7138671875,
0.6044921875,
-0.2919921875,
0.2471923828,
-1.005859375,
-0.2646484375,
0.0671386719,
0.5961914062,
-0.1772460938,
0.4499511719,
-0.119140625,
-0.4216308594,
-0.7119140625,
-0.0674438477,
1.2041015625,
0.7934570312,
-0.3732910156,
-0.8974609375,
-0.5747070312,
0.1110229492,
-0.3776855469,
-0.3349609375,
0.8706054688,
0.3803710938,
-0.1781005859,
-0.9560546875,
-0.2973632812,
-0.9306640625,
0.9272460938,
-0.3857421875,
0.4499511719,
-0.6059570312,
-0.6538085938,
0.5034179688,
0.0621948242,
-0.9443359375,
0.68359375,
-0.36328125,
0.5615234375,
0.609375,
0.0891723633,
-0.2137451172,
-1.3134765625,
-0.595703125,
-0.9633789062,
-0.3725585938,
0.0867919922,
0.0696411133,
-0.3051757812,
0.4030761719,
0.0068473816,
-1.171875,
0.5576171875,
-1.38671875,
-0.3122558594,
-0.0243377686,
0.0404052734,
0.2232666016,
-0.1278076172,
-0.1527099609,
-0.0003256798,
0.1414794922,
-0.6772460938,
1.40625,
-0.162109375,
-0.16796875,
0.7587890625,
1.30859375,
0.5913085938,
0.3430175781,
0.4768066406,
-0.5786132812,
1.0947265625,
-0.3310546875,
1.0224609375,
1.033203125,
-0.9868164062,
0.0977172852,
-0.1418457031,
0.0231323242,
-0.3657226562,
0.8471679688,
-0.6264648438,
-0.1571044922,
-0.130859375,
0.2380371094,
-0.6943359375,
0.8447265625,
0.3488769531,
-0.6577148438,
-0.4714355469,
-0.1639404297,
-0.5908203125,
-0.2561035156,
-0.7392578125,
1.41015625,
1.048828125,
0.1121826172,
-1.2958984375,
-0.4797363281,
0.1744384766,
0.4245605469,
-0.3571777344,
0.072265625,
0.7353515625,
-0.0855712891,
-0.0240783691,
1.0126953125,
0.5249023438,
0.1104125977,
-0.0354309082,
0.3310546875,
-0.110534668,
0.1722412109,
0.603515625,
0.2159423828,
0.0185089111,
-0.5283203125,
0.8720703125,
0.7739257812,
-0.1324462891,
0.3159179688,
0.2319335938,
-0.2604980469,
-0.1519775391,
-0.138671875,
-1.17578125,
0.0566101074,
0.6376953125,
-1.6005859375,
0.3120117188,
-0.7124023438,
-0.1142578125,
-0.9765625,
-0.1533203125,
-0.83984375,
1.2109375,
0.0116424561,
-0.7241210938,
0.8198242188,
0.6088867188,
-0.1243286133,
0.1452636719,
0.079284668,
0.4069824219,
0.251953125,
-0.9189453125,
0.0419006348,
-0.6704101562,
0.1004638672,
-0.5004882812,
-0.6015625,
0.6708984375,
-1.2080078125,
0.1506347656,
0.3537597656,
-0.6943359375,
0.75,
0.8608398438,
-0.3706054688,
1.0283203125,
0.2673339844,
0.1018066406,
0.1622314453,
0.1224975586,
0.3896484375,
0.2474365234,
-0.1100463867,
0.1401367188,
0.2025146484,
-0.2556152344,
0.4560546875,
-0.3215332031,
0.4594726562,
1.513671875,
1.185546875,
-0.5126953125,
-0.984375,
0.1944580078,
0.0424194336,
0.5874023438,
-0.0394897461,
0.013999939,
0.8344726562,
2.111328125,
0.4880371094,
0.35546875,
-0.0316772461,
-0.8569335938,
-0.6743164062,
-0.2115478516,
0.6333007812,
0.072265625,
-1.41015625,
0.6640625,
0.509765625,
0.3232421875,
-0.3137207031,
-0.4167480469,
0.0992431641,
0.1575927734,
-0.0017938614,
-0.0019102097,
0.3332519531,
-1.171875,
-0.0200500488,
-0.3347167969,
-0.5454101562,
-0.6401367188,
0.4736328125,
1.1181640625,
0.0856323242,
-0.2758789062,
1.154296875,
-0.3229980469,
-0.4353027344,
-1.0703125,
0.0095291138,
0.0348510742,
1.1826171875,
-0.1876220703,
0.0114212036,
-0.8271484375,
-0.4289550781,
-1.029296875,
-0.7783203125,
-0.6616210938,
-0.2741699219,
-0.6166992188,
-1.265625,
1.791015625,
-0.7036132812,
-0.081237793,
0.61328125,
0.3747558594,
-0.3676757812,
-0.3598632812,
-0.4221191406,
-1.09765625,
0.0479736328,
0.2670898438,
0.921875,
0.8344726562,
-0.2131347656,
0.5712890625,
-0.3803710938,
-0.1483154297,
0.5908203125,
0.6674804688,
-0.5493164062,
-0.1884765625,
-0.244140625,
-0.1577148438,
0.4282226562,
-0.3818359375,
0.1820068359,
-0.4260253906,
-0.0673828125,
0.4604492188,
0.4838867188,
0.1159057617,
0.1520996094,
-0.2172851562,
-0.0834960938,
-0.3032226562,
0.1211547852,
-0.3310546875,
-0.4133300781,
-1.4306640625,
-0.40234375,
0.2021484375,
0.7880859375,
-0.3317871094,
0.0090713501,
0.3041992188,
0.118347168,
0.5908203125,
-0.99609375,
-0.9814453125,
-0.0993041992,
0.8403320312,
-0.8266601562,
0.3029785156,
0.0641479492,
1.1083984375,
1.2822265625,
0.0802612305,
0.421875,
0.3171386719,
-0.0109405518,
0.0841064453,
-11.625,
-1.8359375,
0.5913085938,
0.9760742188,
-1.064453125,
0.1528320312,
0.7084960938,
-0.3352050781,
0.84375,
-0.3100585938,
-0.4294433594,
1.859375,
-0.521484375,
-0.2805175781,
0.2680664062,
0.271484375,
0.0192108154,
-0.5190429688,
-0.6098632812,
0.6435546875,
0.6337890625,
0.4677734375,
0.1126708984,
-0.1251220703,
0.5239257812,
1.205078125,
1.9833984375,
-0.5522460938,
-0.263671875,
0.5234375,
-0.8193359375,
0.83984375,
-0.5932617188,
0.3054199219,
0.1084594727,
0.3666992188,
0.8022460938,
-0.7514648438,
-0.1696777344,
0.0765380859,
-0.9228515625,
0.5712890625,
-0.0999145508,
0.4973144531,
1.1455078125,
0.9194335938,
-0.6020507812,
-0.6455078125,
-0.720703125,
-0.2486572266,
0.0985717773,
-0.1892089844,
0.3493652344,
-0.6977539062,
-1.0703125,
-1.1142578125,
-0.0950927734,
-0.0556335449,
-0.4252929688,
0.5522460938,
0.7822265625,
0.0765380859,
0.0334777832,
-0.0688476562,
0.4499511719,
-0.7080078125,
-1.3837890625,
-0.5454101562,
0.6533203125,
0.104675293,
0.2741699219,
-0.6928710938,
0.7021484375,
0.4792480469,
-0.1021118164,
-0.0975952148,
-0.2529296875,
-0.529296875,
-0.0762939453,
-0.1806640625,
-0.3129882812,
-1.4140625
] |
By the end of August 1819, unaware of the Buffon-Condorcet-Brewster proposal, Fresnel made his first presentation to the commission, recommending what he called lentilles à échelons (lenses by steps) to replace the reflectors then in use, which reflected only about half of the incident light. One of the assembled commissioners, Jacques Charles, recalled Buffon's suggestion, leaving Fresnel embarrassed for having again "broken through an open door". But, whereas Buffon's version was biconvex and in one piece, Fresnel's was plano-convex and made of multiple prisms for easier construction. With an official budget of 500 francs, Fresnel approached three manufacturers. The third, François Soleil, produced the prototype. Finished in March 1820, it had a square lens panel 55cm on a side, containing 97 polygonal (not annular) prisms – and so impressed the Commission that Fresnel was asked for a full eight-panel version. This model, completed a year later in spite of insufficient funding, had panels 76cm square. In a public spectacle on the evening of 13 April 1821, it was demonstrated by comparison with the most recent reflectors, which it suddenly rendered obsolete. Fresnel's next lens was a rotating apparatus with eight "bull's-eye" panels, made in annular arcs by Saint-Gobain, giving eight rotating beams – to be seen by mariners as a periodic flash. Above and behind each main panel was a smaller, sloping bull's-eye panel of trapezoidal outline with trapezoidal elements. | [
-0.8217773438,
0.0425109863,
-0.0638427734,
-0.5107421875,
0.3315429688,
-0.548828125,
-0.1971435547,
-0.1549072266,
0.6625976562,
0.7314453125,
-0.3942871094,
-0.5942382812,
-0.6508789062,
0.1258544922,
-0.0986328125,
0.103515625,
0.0465087891,
-1.0751953125,
-0.4580078125,
0.8071289062,
0.0091171265,
-0.2719726562,
-0.3071289062,
0.158203125,
-0.6254882812,
0.9150390625,
0.5693359375,
0.3330078125,
-0.7592773438,
-0.6948242188,
0.6254882812,
-0.447265625,
-1.3212890625,
0.3540039062,
-0.1739501953,
1.1064453125,
-0.2386474609,
1.5263671875,
0.0881958008,
0.2183837891,
0.8374023438,
-0.1188964844,
0.7211914062,
-0.560546875,
-0.0873413086,
-0.0239105225,
0.100769043,
-0.1383056641,
-1.2216796875,
-0.56640625,
-0.1265869141,
-0.3493652344,
-0.6005859375,
-0.0693359375,
-0.0647583008,
-0.7504882812,
0.6440429688,
-0.4118652344,
0.2788085938,
1.2138671875,
0.0951538086,
0.8872070312,
-0.3486328125,
-0.0420532227,
1.193359375,
-0.1293945312,
-0.3754882812,
-0.1314697266,
-0.0744018555,
0.6762695312,
-0.7768554688,
0.1408691406,
-0.2768554688,
-0.439453125,
-1.1103515625,
0.3718261719,
-0.783203125,
0.3879394531,
0.3828125,
-0.2398681641,
-0.6030273438,
-0.4306640625,
-1.1044921875,
-0.8647460938,
-0.6420898438,
-1.123046875,
-0.0125198364,
-0.9033203125,
-1.09765625,
2.470703125,
-0.767578125,
-0.3649902344,
-0.3103027344,
-0.1865234375,
-1.015625,
-0.7465820312,
-0.5688476562,
-1.341796875,
-1.1669921875,
0.4807128906,
0.55859375,
-0.1900634766,
0.166015625,
0.1490478516,
0.0641479492,
1.046875,
-0.4267578125,
-0.6772460938,
0.2514648438,
0.1910400391,
0.052734375,
0.412109375,
0.8833007812,
0.1161499023,
-0.71484375,
0.3967285156,
-1.2392578125,
-0.1168212891,
-1.4091796875,
-0.3901367188,
0.8017578125,
-0.6313476562,
0.2136230469,
-0.7006835938,
0.2410888672,
-0.2086181641,
-0.2355957031,
0.0000422597,
0.039276123,
0.2384033203,
-0.4736328125,
-0.0176849365,
-0.6713867188,
-0.5458984375,
-0.2401123047,
-0.6596679688,
-1.0537109375,
-0.1752929688,
0.3383789062,
0.0292510986,
0.0606994629,
0.19140625,
0.2775878906,
0.1209716797,
-0.2319335938,
-0.4799804688,
-0.2326660156,
0.1302490234,
-0.2543945312,
-0.0947265625,
-1.5537109375,
0.0235137939,
0.4143066406,
0.73046875,
-0.9301757812,
-0.6376953125,
-0.4895019531,
-0.021270752,
0.8120117188,
-1.2431640625,
-0.5405273438,
0.099609375,
-0.357421875,
-0.6459960938,
-0.4946289062,
-0.0431213379,
-0.65625,
-0.5659179688,
-0.1232910156,
0.0565185547,
0.4423828125,
-0.1872558594,
0.408203125,
0.9672851562,
-0.0407714844,
-0.7880859375,
0.8999023438,
0.8549804688,
0.5732421875,
0.0131607056,
0.3452148438,
-0.7880859375,
0.3725585938,
-0.65234375,
0.2629394531,
-0.5805664062,
0.3798828125,
-0.0805053711,
-0.2452392578,
-0.5810546875,
-0.0512084961,
1.2734375,
0.1373291016,
-0.3237304688,
0.1784667969,
-0.3371582031,
-0.3635253906,
0.4973144531,
-0.0489807129,
0.061920166,
-0.2338867188,
0.798828125,
0.513671875,
0.8334960938,
-0.1948242188,
0.3227539062,
0.7060546875,
0.646484375,
0.8325195312,
0.2119140625,
-0.2142333984,
0.3684082031,
0.2252197266,
0.0124282837,
-0.7290039062,
0.0735473633,
1.015625,
0.90234375,
0.5502929688,
-1.2763671875,
0.1008300781,
0.1931152344,
-1.6337890625,
-0.2668457031,
-0.8500976562,
-1.4560546875,
-0.4360351562,
0.2170410156,
0.6508789062,
0.14453125,
0.1801757812,
0.3391113281,
-0.7680664062,
0.3054199219,
0.3942871094,
-0.0724487305,
0.0899658203,
-0.5307617188,
0.2788085938,
-0.9248046875,
0.1656494141,
-0.6547851562,
-0.2319335938,
-0.4689941406,
0.1862792969,
-0.9790039062,
-0.1276855469,
0.3618164062,
0.751953125,
0.51171875,
0.2049560547,
0.0008273125,
1.04296875,
-0.7880859375,
0.1600341797,
-0.1643066406,
0.1279296875,
0.1204833984,
-0.3149414062,
0.4418945312,
0.4406738281,
0.2778320312,
0.5815429688,
-0.7758789062,
0.4519042969,
-0.5454101562,
0.5263671875,
0.4653320312,
0.1053466797,
0.3525390625,
0.6909179688,
-0.3674316406,
-0.5278320312,
-0.2237548828,
-0.4846191406,
-0.5224609375,
-0.763671875,
-0.2099609375,
-0.3020019531,
0.3684082031,
-0.0501708984,
-0.4548339844,
-0.6630859375,
-1.09765625,
1.181640625,
0.3718261719,
0.1606445312,
0.1037597656,
-0.1687011719,
0.5151367188,
0.0420227051,
0.2646484375,
-0.2666015625,
-0.7416992188,
-0.2614746094,
-0.9125976562,
-0.474609375,
0.4772949219,
-0.203125,
-0.0784301758,
-0.2322998047,
1.3828125,
0.2158203125,
-0.5966796875,
0.9013671875,
0.884765625,
-0.5620117188,
-0.0025939941,
-1.3671875,
0.1932373047,
-0.4545898438,
0.0196075439,
0.0820922852,
-0.8984375,
-0.55078125,
0.1915283203,
-0.4130859375,
-0.5576171875,
-0.1082763672,
-0.591796875,
0.888671875,
0.0055465698,
-0.2810058594,
-0.1226196289,
0.2205810547,
0.6118164062,
-0.4655761719,
-1.2509765625,
0.2958984375,
0.2158203125,
0.3071289062,
-0.098815918,
0.765625,
-0.2756347656,
-0.0088043213,
0.2893066406,
1.318359375,
-0.3117675781,
-0.6845703125,
-0.0700073242,
-0.8461914062,
-1.08984375,
-0.8432617188,
0.1922607422,
-0.58984375,
0.3837890625,
-0.7416992188,
-0.6020507812,
1.1650390625,
-0.1812744141,
0.3395996094,
0.1672363281,
-0.3552246094,
-1.1064453125,
-0.564453125,
0.75,
-0.1417236328,
-0.7685546875,
-0.5463867188,
0.0096893311,
-0.3459472656,
-0.3525390625,
0.6865234375,
0.6953125,
0.4631347656,
-0.4045410156,
-0.5971679688,
0.2326660156,
0.8383789062,
0.2298583984,
-0.0442504883,
0.4587402344,
-0.6376953125,
0.4580078125,
-0.5625,
-0.2663574219,
-0.779296875,
0.0634765625,
-0.0567321777,
0.4287109375,
0.6684570312,
-0.3247070312,
-0.6875,
-0.6005859375,
0.0372314453,
0.1162719727,
-0.0818481445,
-0.3776855469,
-0.4389648438,
0.7578125,
0.4636230469,
0.5024414062,
-0.0953979492,
-0.3937988281,
0.4206542969,
0.8623046875,
0.2507324219,
-0.9033203125,
0.049407959,
-0.4074707031,
0.1170654297,
-0.8911132812,
-0.2797851562,
0.7436523438,
-0.0030288696,
0.1262207031,
1.701171875,
0.4328613281,
0.1378173828,
0.1112060547,
-0.5581054688,
-0.4995117188,
0.5004882812,
0.4887695312,
-1.7568359375,
-0.4812011719,
0.2015380859,
0.3369140625,
0.1177978516,
0.6083984375,
-0.6201171875,
-0.1164550781,
0.0544433594,
-0.0492858887,
0.6840820312,
0.3820800781,
-0.2127685547,
0.7875976562,
0.3962402344,
-0.5048828125,
-0.8310546875,
-0.30859375,
0.1030273438,
-0.123046875,
-0.43359375,
-0.6513671875,
0.2106933594,
0.2452392578,
0.546875,
0.2595214844,
0.21875,
0.7006835938,
-0.4050292969,
0.5883789062,
0.6215820312,
0.9853515625,
0.4223632812,
-0.3862304688,
0.375,
0.5131835938,
-1.35546875,
0.3659667969,
0.59375,
0.2235107422,
1.185546875,
0.0054473877,
-0.7895507812,
-0.9262695312,
0.2724609375,
-0.0215454102,
0.75,
-0.228515625,
-0.7524414062,
0.4399414062,
1.3056640625,
-0.0305786133,
-0.435546875,
0.1822509766,
-0.6655273438,
0.1511230469,
-0.2568359375,
0.2152099609,
-1.41015625,
-0.919921875,
-0.4943847656,
1.2109375,
-0.2418212891,
0.5463867188,
-0.2961425781,
0.9047851562,
0.5205078125,
0.2362060547,
0.0409851074,
-0.0354919434,
0.1539306641,
0.0624389648,
-0.2768554688,
-0.5112304688,
-0.1458740234,
-0.3842773438,
0.49609375,
0.1712646484,
-0.4331054688,
0.30078125,
-1.107421875,
-0.5576171875,
-1.0498046875,
-0.0060157776,
-0.9399414062,
0.0840454102,
-0.1452636719,
0.5708007812,
0.1341552734,
-1.4501953125,
0.0062103271,
1.0849609375,
-0.0518493652,
0.8369140625,
-0.5263671875,
0.837890625,
-1.0107421875,
-0.4541015625,
-0.0769042969,
-0.2390136719,
-0.2231445312,
-0.9946289062,
0.7905273438,
-0.1403808594,
-0.1037597656,
0.2434082031,
0.4138183594,
-0.2005615234,
0.3928222656,
-0.3166503906,
-0.9970703125,
0.8276367188,
-0.0298156738,
-0.765625,
-0.2849121094,
0.8388671875,
1.11328125,
-0.6484375,
-0.012802124,
-0.2204589844,
-0.306640625,
-0.5258789062,
0.7631835938,
1.705078125,
0.63671875,
0.3232421875,
0.8823242188,
0.958984375,
0.2019042969,
-0.1011352539,
0.5751953125,
1.3447265625,
-0.059753418,
0.1079711914,
-0.110534668,
0.4577636719,
-0.734375,
-0.390625,
0.93359375,
1.9326171875,
-0.2030029297,
-0.7465820312,
-0.1950683594,
-0.4108886719,
0.4140625,
-0.3930664062,
-0.7587890625,
0.3129882812,
-0.2507324219,
0.1859130859,
-0.5717773438,
0.2553710938,
0.8754882812,
0.7924804688,
-0.0131225586,
-0.0997314453,
-0.4597167969,
-0.7314453125,
-0.7456054688,
0.5502929688,
-0.7001953125,
-0.3588867188,
0.6494140625,
-0.65625,
-0.3364257812,
-0.6430664062,
0.0146179199,
0.603515625,
-0.447265625,
0.10546875,
-0.003484726,
0.0399169922,
0.7387695312,
-0.9326171875,
-1.046875,
0.0853881836,
-0.1087036133,
-0.5556640625,
0.1843261719,
0.1013793945,
0.34375,
0.173828125,
-1.43359375,
0.1018066406,
1.169921875,
-0.1790771484,
0.4521484375,
1.3115234375,
-0.7329101562,
0.2467041016,
1.2138671875,
-0.6127929688,
-0.37109375,
-0.1613769531,
0.4223632812,
0.951171875,
0.5717773438,
-0.2861328125,
1.125,
-0.9443359375,
1.3056640625,
0.7021484375,
-0.263671875,
0.1950683594,
-0.1884765625,
-0.916015625,
0.1040039062,
0.0088653564,
0.2398681641,
-0.1976318359,
1.0263671875,
0.025100708,
-0.6723632812,
0.5532226562,
-0.712890625,
0.7983398438,
0.2775878906,
-1.05859375,
-0.2517089844,
-0.76171875,
-0.2253417969,
0.5390625,
-0.5385742188,
1.1962890625,
-0.0756225586,
0.5961914062,
0.205078125,
0.2768554688,
-0.2191162109,
0.42578125,
1.41796875,
0.099609375,
-0.2998046875,
0.0980224609,
-0.8422851562,
-0.0403137207,
0.7905273438,
0.8232421875,
0.3986816406,
-0.24609375,
-0.021194458,
-0.9086914062,
-0.0628051758,
0.0678710938,
0.9282226562,
-0.6352539062,
0.28515625,
1.154296875,
-0.3854980469,
-0.2154541016,
-0.1949462891,
0.2122802734,
0.8095703125,
0.1800537109,
-0.1063842773,
-0.3127441406,
0.43359375,
-0.1589355469,
-0.4575195312,
1.169921875,
0.4311523438,
-0.1536865234,
0.0207061768,
-0.4711914062,
-0.4360351562,
0.6752929688,
-0.2514648438,
0.5859375,
-0.8422851562,
-0.1392822266,
-0.086730957,
-0.0311889648,
-1.181640625,
0.1998291016,
-0.7690429688,
0.6279296875,
-0.3208007812,
-0.0608825684,
-0.69140625,
-0.6801757812,
-0.8125,
-0.5893554688,
0.2180175781,
0.25,
-0.3181152344,
-0.2294921875,
-0.603515625,
0.4401855469,
-0.9370117188,
0.513671875,
-1.6494140625,
-0.2003173828,
0.0300598145,
-0.0196838379,
0.1611328125,
-0.1854248047,
-0.4150390625,
-0.2397460938,
0.2980957031,
-0.8837890625,
1.51953125,
-0.8740234375,
-0.4458007812,
0.6655273438,
1.2353515625,
0.55859375,
-0.0300140381,
0.8427734375,
-0.1809082031,
0.537109375,
-0.1232299805,
0.8559570312,
0.4479980469,
-0.2783203125,
0.3662109375,
0.279296875,
0.0310821533,
-0.8530273438,
0.955078125,
-0.76171875,
-0.2795410156,
-0.0388183594,
0.830078125,
0.0392150879,
0.046661377,
0.2479248047,
-0.4167480469,
-0.0935058594,
-0.3742675781,
-1.1875,
-0.0787963867,
-0.2099609375,
1.1083984375,
0.5986328125,
1.263671875,
-0.7026367188,
-0.4956054688,
0.0795898438,
0.6962890625,
0.1456298828,
-0.0227050781,
0.1447753906,
-0.5166015625,
0.0891723633,
0.51953125,
0.3112792969,
-0.4228515625,
-0.337890625,
0.0668334961,
0.0107345581,
0.0710449219,
0.2917480469,
-0.2807617188,
0.3127441406,
-0.1959228516,
1.0498046875,
0.3564453125,
0.0083236694,
0.3220214844,
0.5693359375,
-0.0073394775,
-0.3295898438,
-0.2082519531,
-1.236328125,
0.388671875,
-0.208984375,
-0.8950195312,
-0.4086914062,
0.0342102051,
-0.1716308594,
-0.6728515625,
0.0311279297,
-1.12890625,
1.3935546875,
0.1472167969,
-1.1552734375,
-0.1865234375,
0.4287109375,
0.0920410156,
0.3952636719,
-0.0628051758,
0.6162109375,
-0.5068359375,
-1.2724609375,
-0.0816040039,
-0.48828125,
0.6220703125,
-0.3063964844,
-0.5102539062,
0.2863769531,
-1.7978515625,
-0.7973632812,
-0.482421875,
-0.6430664062,
1.0078125,
0.55078125,
0.0928344727,
0.69140625,
0.1668701172,
0.65234375,
0.3706054688,
0.5932617188,
0.1728515625,
0.0028610229,
0.0627441406,
0.6196289062,
0.1689453125,
-0.7973632812,
0.91796875,
-0.2504882812,
0.703125,
0.6059570312,
0.322265625,
0.2514648438,
-1.154296875,
-0.2546386719,
0.0507202148,
-0.0957641602,
0.0524902344,
-0.1677246094,
1.0029296875,
1.7841796875,
0.541015625,
0.1389160156,
-0.0589294434,
-0.2727050781,
-0.9697265625,
-0.1754150391,
0.6186523438,
0.544921875,
-0.7631835938,
0.2288818359,
0.296875,
0.2756347656,
-1.1435546875,
-0.7915039062,
0.646484375,
-0.0500183105,
-0.1588134766,
0.728515625,
0.2080078125,
-0.91015625,
0.0446777344,
-0.4372558594,
-0.6049804688,
-0.1257324219,
0.26171875,
0.8862304688,
0.3325195312,
-0.5244140625,
0.5415039062,
-0.7719726562,
-0.2724609375,
-0.8120117188,
0.1201171875,
0.3159179688,
0.4567871094,
-0.4748535156,
0.4826660156,
-0.4772949219,
0.1539306641,
-0.6381835938,
-0.32421875,
-0.4997558594,
-1.0029296875,
0.2131347656,
-0.5444335938,
0.697265625,
-0.2780761719,
-0.7543945312,
0.5883789062,
0.4462890625,
0.0942993164,
-0.2047119141,
-1.1787109375,
-0.36328125,
0.2927246094,
0.666015625,
0.2619628906,
0.9775390625,
0.1728515625,
0.1275634766,
-0.9086914062,
-0.0999145508,
0.5717773438,
1.09375,
-0.5444335938,
-0.2756347656,
-0.2017822266,
0.1071777344,
0.748046875,
0.3142089844,
0.1126708984,
-1.08984375,
0.1068725586,
0.0407104492,
0.6005859375,
0.2634277344,
-0.1063232422,
-0.8754882812,
-0.0220489502,
0.0849609375,
0.1114501953,
-0.3479003906,
0.357421875,
-0.9624023438,
-0.1147460938,
0.7041015625,
1.2744140625,
-0.9204101562,
-0.0232086182,
-0.0281982422,
0.2235107422,
-0.0651855469,
-0.9970703125,
-0.7275390625,
0.2277832031,
0.693359375,
-0.3312988281,
-0.0869750977,
0.607421875,
0.7763671875,
0.9926757812,
0.1756591797,
0.4377441406,
-0.1319580078,
-0.1362304688,
-0.4333496094,
-13.8984375,
-0.9921875,
0.4658203125,
0.7358398438,
-1.0810546875,
0.3540039062,
-0.1553955078,
-0.7963867188,
0.1021728516,
-0.0372619629,
-0.1070556641,
1.59765625,
-0.1605224609,
0.0811767578,
0.1253662109,
-0.3051757812,
0.4968261719,
-0.7690429688,
-0.3361816406,
1.22265625,
0.3662109375,
-0.5185546875,
-0.3920898438,
0.018737793,
-0.28515625,
-0.0069503784,
1.1513671875,
-0.4624023438,
0.0420532227,
-0.0000095963,
-0.3117675781,
-0.0553588867,
-0.4135742188,
0.6923828125,
-0.17578125,
0.1278076172,
0.1918945312,
-0.9291992188,
-0.0803222656,
-0.2064208984,
-0.2939453125,
-0.4689941406,
0.4487304688,
0.8125,
0.923828125,
0.9794921875,
-0.0231933594,
-0.4248046875,
-0.2087402344,
-0.3747558594,
0.869140625,
0.5278320312,
0.0846557617,
-0.2327880859,
-1.1953125,
-0.7866210938,
-0.68359375,
-0.0354309082,
0.1455078125,
0.552734375,
-0.7236328125,
0.9267578125,
0.1531982422,
0.2299804688,
-0.3034667969,
-0.4536132812,
-1.451171875,
-0.5708007812,
0.1342773438,
-0.2003173828,
-0.1155395508,
-2.359375,
1.890625,
0.095703125,
-0.7700195312,
0.2270507812,
-0.4052734375,
-0.1976318359,
-0.3671875,
0.1081542969,
-0.3149414062,
-0.5532226562
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.