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Open Google homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://google.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Google for Python Playwright.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Python Playwright", "target": "textarea[name=q]", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Click the Gmail link.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "text=Gmail", "options": null } ]
Open YouTube and search for AI tutorials.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://youtube.com", "target": null, "options": null }, { "action": "type", "value": "AI tutorials", "target": "input#search", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Play the first video on YouTube.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "ytd-video-renderer >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Log in with username Arun.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Arun", "target": "input#username", "options": null } ]
Enter password secretly.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "MySecret123", "target": "input[type=password]", "options": null } ]
Click the login button.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[type=submit}", "options": null } ]
Scroll down the page.
[ { "action": "scroll", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": null, "count": 2, "direction": "down" } } ]
Scroll back up.
[ { "action": "scroll", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": null, "count": 2, "direction": "up" } } ]
Check the terms and conditions box.
[ { "action": "check", "value": null, "target": "#terms", "options": null } ]
Uncheck the newsletter option.
[ { "action": "uncheck", "value": null, "target": "#newsletter", "options": null } ]
Select Male as gender.
[ { "action": "radio", "value": null, "target": "input[value=male]", "options": null } ]
Choose India from country dropdown.
[ { "action": "select", "value": "India", "target": "#country", "options": null } ]
Submit the registration form.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[type=submit]", "options": null } ]
Upload resume file.
[ { "action": "upload", "value": "/home/user/resume.pdf", "target": "input[type=file]", "options": null } ]
Download the report.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "text=Download", "options": null } ]
Go back to the previous page.
[ { "action": "back", "value": null, "target": null, "options": null } ]
Move forward in browser history.
[ { "action": "forward", "value": null, "target": null, "options": null } ]
Reload the current page.
[ { "action": "refresh", "value": null, "target": null, "options": null } ]
Open Twitter homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://twitter.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Twitter for GUI automation.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "GUI automation", "target": "input[data-testid=SearchBox_Search_Input]", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Click the first tweet.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "article >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Open Facebook homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://facebook.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Enter email into login field.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "[email protected]", "target": "input#email", "options": null } ]
Enter password in Facebook login.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "secret123", "target": "input#pass", "options": null } ]
Click Facebook login button.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[name=login]", "options": null } ]
Accept the popup dialog.
[ { "action": "dialog", "value": "accept", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Dismiss the confirmation dialog.
[ { "action": "dialog", "value": "dismiss", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Take a screenshot of the page.
[ { "action": "screenshot", "value": "page.png", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Highlight the submit button.
[ { "action": "highlight", "value": null, "target": "button#submit", "options": null } ]
Open Amazon homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://amazon.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search for iPhone 16.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "iPhone 16", "target": "input#twotabsearchtextbox", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Click the first product result.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": ".s-result-item >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Add item to cart.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "#add-to-cart-button", "options": null } ]
Proceed to checkout.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "#proceed-to-checkout", "options": null } ]
Open GitHub homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://github.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search GitHub for Playwright repo.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Playwright", "target": "input[name=q]", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Click the first repository link.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "ul.repo-list li >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Star the repository.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label*='Star']", "options": null } ]
Open LinkedIn homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://linkedin.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Enter LinkedIn username.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "arun123", "target": "input#username", "options": null } ]
Enter LinkedIn password.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "secret456", "target": "input#password", "options": null } ]
Click LinkedIn sign-in button.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[type=submit]", "options": null } ]
Open settings menu.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button#settings", "options": null } ]
Log out of the account.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "text=Logout", "options": null } ]
Open Wikipedia homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://wikipedia.org", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search for Artificial Intelligence on Wikipedia.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Artificial Intelligence", "target": "input#searchInput", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Click the first heading link.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "h1", "options": null } ]
Open Spotify homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://spotify.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Spotify for relaxing music.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "relaxing music", "target": "input[placeholder='Search']", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Play the first Spotify track.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": ".tracklist-row >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Pause the Spotify player.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[title=Pause]", "options": null } ]
Skip to the next track.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[title=Next]", "options": null } ]
Open Gmail inbox.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://mail.google.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Click compose new mail.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "div[role=button][gh='cm']", "options": null } ]
Type recipient email.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "[email protected]", "target": "textarea[name=to]", "options": null } ]
Enter email subject.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Meeting Update", "target": "input[name=subjectbox]", "options": null } ]
Write email body.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Hey, let’s meet tomorrow.", "target": "div[aria-label='Message Body']", "options": null } ]
Send the email.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "div[aria-label*='Send']", "options": null } ]
Open Slack web app.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://slack.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Slack for project updates.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "project updates", "target": "input[aria-label='Search']", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Send message in Slack channel.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Hello team!", "target": "div[role=textbox]", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Open Notion workspace.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://notion.so", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Create new Notion page.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "div[role=button][data-root=AddPage]", "options": null } ]
Type title in Notion page.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "My Notes", "target": "div[role=textbox]", "options": null } ]
Add paragraph text.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "This is a test note.", "target": "div[role=textbox]", "options": null } ]
Open Outlook mail.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://outlook.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Compose a new Outlook email.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='New mail']", "options": null } ]
Add recipient to Outlook email.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "[email protected]", "target": "input[aria-label='To']", "options": null } ]
Add subject to Outlook email.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Report Update", "target": "input[aria-label='Add a subject']", "options": null } ]
Send Outlook email.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Send']", "options": null } ]
Open Instagram web.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://instagram.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Instagram for AI.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "AI", "target": "input[aria-label='Search input']", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Like the first Instagram post.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "article >> nth=0 button[aria-label=Like]", "options": null } ]
Comment on first Instagram post.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "textarea", "options": null }, { "action": "type", "value": "Nice post!", "target": "textarea", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Open Google Maps.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://maps.google.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Maps for restaurants near me.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "restaurants near me", "target": "input#searchboxinput", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Zoom in on the map.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Zoom in']", "options": null } ]
Zoom out on the map.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Zoom out']", "options": null } ]
Get directions to Delhi.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Directions']", "options": null }, { "action": "type", "value": "Delhi", "target": "input#sb_ifc51", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Open Trello board.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://trello.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Create new Trello card.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Add a card']", "options": null }, { "action": "type", "value": "New Task", "target": "textarea", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Move card to Done column.
[ { "action": "drag_drop", "value": ".list[aria-label='Done']", "target": ".list-card >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Archive the Trello card.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Archive']", "options": null } ]
Open Zoom web client.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://zoom.us", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Schedule new Zoom meeting.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "a[href='/meeting/schedule']", "options": null } ]
Fill Zoom meeting topic.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Team Sync", "target": "input#topic", "options": null } ]
Set Zoom meeting date.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "2025-09-30", "target": "input#start_date", "options": null } ]
Save Zoom meeting.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[type=submit]", "options": null } ]
Open Calendar app.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://calendar.google.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Create new calendar event.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "div[role=button][gh='new-event']", "options": null } ]
Enter calendar event title.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "Project Meeting", "target": "input[aria-label='Add title']", "options": null } ]
Save calendar event.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Save']", "options": null } ]
Open Medium homepage.
[ { "action": "open_url", "value": "https://medium.com", "target": null, "options": null } ]
Search Medium for AI articles.
[ { "action": "type", "value": "AI", "target": "input[placeholder='Search']", "options": null }, { "action": "keypress", "value": null, "target": null, "options": { "key": "Enter", "count": null, "direction": null } } ]
Read the first Medium article.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "article >> nth=0", "options": null } ]
Clap for the article.
[ { "action": "click", "value": null, "target": "button[aria-label='Clap']", "options": null } ]

Supported Tasks

  • Natural Language → GUI Action Grounding Convert user instructions into JSON action objects.
  • Instruction Following Models learn to interpret varying natural language formulations (e.g., “press submit” vs “click the submit button”).
  • Multi-step UI Automation Some samples involve sequences of actions (e.g., open site → type → press Enter → screenshot).

Languages

  • English (en)
  • Generated with simple variations (synonyms, phrasings).

Dataset Structure

Data Format

Each entry is a JSON object with:

{
  "instruction": "Search Google for Python Playwright.",
  "actions": [
    {"action": "type", "target": "textarea[name=q]", "value": "Python Playwright"},
    {"action": "keypress", "options": {"key": "Enter"}}
  ]
}
  • instruction: natural language input.
  • actions: list of structured GUI actions in a standard schema.

JSON Schema for Actions

{
  "action": "string",
  "target": "string (CSS selector, text, XPath, etc.)",
  "value": "string (optional, e.g., input text, file path)",
  "options": { "key": "Enter", "button": "left", "count": 2, "direction": "down" }
}

Dataset Statistics

  • Size: 1,000 examples

  • Average actions per instruction: 1.7

  • Action types covered:

    • Click, double-click, right-click
    • Type, clear, keypress
    • Scroll, hover, drag-drop
    • Checkbox, radio, dropdown selection
    • Upload, download
    • Dialog handling (accept/dismiss)
    • Screenshot, highlight
    • Navigation (open_url, back, forward, refresh, switch_tab, resize)

Use Cases

  • Training GUI grounding agents (LLM-based or hybrid).
  • Creating instruction-tuned models for web automation.
  • Benchmarking natural language → structured action translation.
  • Bootstrapping RPA (Robotic Process Automation) agents with LLMs.

Generation Process

  • Synthetic data generated with templates + variations.
  • Actions derived from common web automation tasks (Google, YouTube, Gmail, Amazon, GitHub, Slack, Notion, Trello, etc.).
  • Covers both single-step (click, type) and multi-step (search + click + screenshot) workflows.

Limitations

  • Synthetic: No real human annotations.
  • Web-centric: Mostly web app actions, fewer desktop/native app actions.
  • Surface-level grounding: Uses simple selectors (text=Login, input#username) rather than pixel-perfect or accessibility trees.

Licensing

  • MIT License for dataset release.
  • Free for research & commercial use.
  • Attribution appreciated: “GUI Grounding Dataset (ArunKr, 2025)”.

Citation

If you use this dataset in your work, please cite:

@dataset{gui_grounding_2025,
  author    = {ArunKr},
  title     = {GUI Grounding Dataset},
  year      = {2025},
  url       = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/ArunKr/gui_grounding_dataset-100},
  license   = {MIT}
}
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