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Periodic table of elements celebrating 150 years in 2019
- **Black symbol** - solid.
- **Red symbol** - gas.
- **Blue symbol** - liquid.
- **Outline symbol** - synthetically prepared.
- Based upon carbon-12. ( ) indicates most stable or best known isotope.
- Entries marked with daggers refer to the gaseous state at 273 K and 1 atm and are given in units of g/l.
| Atomic Number | Name | Symbol | Atomic Weight (2) | Density at 300 K (3) [g/cm³] |
|---------------|------------|--------|-------------------|------------------------------|
| 1 | Hydrogen | H | 1.00794 | 0.0899 1st |
| 2 | Helium | He | 4.00260 | 0.1785 2nd |
| 3 | Lithium | Li | 6.941 | 0.53 1st |
| 4 | Beryllium | Be | 9.01218 | 1.85 1st |
| 5 | Boron | B | 10.811 | 2.3d 1st |
| 6 | Carbon | C | 12.011 | 2.26 1st |
| 7 | Nitrogen | N | 14.0067 | 1.25f 1st |
| 8 | Oxygen | O | 15.9994 | 1.69f 1st |
| 9 | Fluorine | F | 18.99840 | 1.15f 1st |
| 10 | Neon | Ne | 20.1797 | 0.900 2nd |
| 11 | Sodium | Na | 22.98977 | 0.97 1st |
| 12 | Magnesium | Mg | 24.305 | 1.74 1st |
| 13 | Aluminum | Al | 26.98154 | 2.70 1st |
| 14 | Silicon | Si | 28.0853 | 2.33 1st |
| 15 | Phosphorus | P | 30.97376 | 1.82 1st |
| 16 | Sulfur | S | 32.066 | 2.07 1st |
| 17 | Chlorine | Cl | 35.4527 | 1.31 1st |
| 18 | Argon | Ar | 39.948 | 1.784 1st |
| 19 | Potassium | K | 39.0983 | 0.86 1st |
| 20 | Calcium | Ca | 40.078 | 1.55 1st |
| 21 | Scandium | Sc | 44.9559 | 2.99 1st |
| 22 | Titanium | Ti | 47.87 | 4.47 1st |
| 23 | Vanadium | V | 50.9415 | 6.11 1st |
| 24 | Chromium | Cr | 51.996 | 7.19 1st |
| 25 | Manganese | Mn | 54.9380 | 7.44 1st |
| 26 | Iron | Fe | 55.845 | 7.87a 1st |
| 27 | Cobalt | Co | 58.9323 | 8.90 1st |
| 28 | Nickel | Ni | 58.6934 | 8.96 1st |
| 29 | Copper | Cu | 63.544 | 9.51 1st |
| 30 | Zinc | Zn | 65.39 | 9.73 1st |
| 31 | Gallium | Ga | 69.723 | 10.81 1st |
| 32 | Germanium | Ge | 72.61 | 11.24 1st |
| 33 | Arsenic | As | 74.9216 | 11.5 1st |
| 34 | Selenium | Se | 78.96 | 11.90 1st |
| 35 | Bromine | Br | 79.904 | 11.7 1st |
| 36 | Krypton | Kr | 83.80 | 11.6 1st |
| 37 | Rubidium | Rb | 85.4673 | 1.532 1st |
| 38 | Strontium | Sr | 87.623 | 2.54 1st |
| 39 | Yttrium | Y | 88.9059 | 6.51 1st |
| 40 | Zirconium | Zr | 91.224 | 6.57 1st |
| 41 | Niobium | Nb | 92.9064 | 10.20 1st |
| 42 | Molybdenum | Mo | 95.94 | 11.5 1st |
| 43 | Technetium | Tc | 98.007 | 12.41 1st |
| 44 | Ruthenium | Ru | 101.07 | 12.6 1st |
| 45 | Rhodium | Rh | 102.9055 | 12.8 1st |
| 46 | Palladium | Pd | 106.42 | 12.0 1st |
| 47 | Silver | Ag | 107.868 | 10.5 1st |
| 48 | Cadmium | Cd | 112.41 | 12.8 1st |
| 49 | Indium | In | 114.82 | 13.1 1st |
| 50 | Tin | Sn | 118.710 | 13.2 1st |
| 51 | Antimony | Sb | 121.760 | 13.6 1st |
| 52 | Tellurium | Te | 127.60 | 13.9 1st |
| 53 | Iodine | I | 126.9043 | 14.3 1st |
| 54 | Xenon | Xe | 131.29 | 15.3 1st |
| 55 | Cesium | Cs | 132.9054 | 1.87 1st |
| 56 | Barium | Ba | 137.33 | 3.99 1st |
| 57 | Lanthanum | La | 138.9053 | 6.15 1st |
| 58 | Cerium | Ce | 140.12 | 6.77 1st |
| 59 | Praseodymium | Pr | 140.9077 | 7.01 1st |
| 60 | Neodymium | Nd | 144.24 | 7.22 1st |
| 61 | Promethium | Pm | 145.0 1st | 7.22 1st |
| 62 | Samarium | Sm | 150.36 | 7.52 1st |
| 63 | Europium | Eu | 151.964 | 7.90 1st |
| 64 | Gadolinium | Gd | 157.25 | 8.23 1st |
| 65 | Terbium | Tb | 158.9253 | 8.55 1st |
| 66 | Dysprosium | Dy | 162.50 | 8.80 1st |
| 67 | Holmium | Ho | 164.9303 | 9.07 1st |
| 68 | Erbium | Er | 167.26 | 9.32 1st |
| 69 | Thulium | Tm | 168.9342 | 9.69 1st |
| 70 | Ytterbium | Yb | 173.04 | 9.84 1st |
| 71 | Lutetium | Lu | 174.967 | 10.00 1st |
| 72 | Hafnium | Hf | 178.49 | 12.31 1st |
| 73 | Tantalum | Ta | 180.9479 | 19.3 1st |
| 74 | Tungsten | W | 183.84 | 21.0 1st |
| 75 | Rhenium | Re | 186.207 | 22.6 1st |
| 76 | Osmium | Os | 190.22 | 22.6 1st |
| 77 | Iridium | Ir | 192.22 | 22.6 1st |
| 78 | Platinum | Pt | 195.08 | 22.6 1st |
| 79 | Gold | Au | 196.9665 | 22.6 1st |
| 80 | Mercury | Hg | 200.59 | 22.6 1st |
| 81 | Thallium | Tl | 204.383 | 22.6 1st |
| 82 | Lead | Pb | 207.2 | 22.6 1st |
| 83 | Bismuth | Bi | 208.960 | 22.6 1st |
| 84 | Polonium | Po | 209.0 | 22.6 1st |
| 85 | Astatine | At | 210 | 22.6 1st |
| 86 | Radon | Rn | 222 | 22.6 1st |
| 87 | Francium | Fr | 223 | 22.6 1st |
| 88 | Radium | Ra | 226 | 22.6 1st |
| 89 | Actinium | Ac | 227 | 22.6 1st |
| 90 | Thorium | Th | 232.0381 | 22.6 1st |
| 91 | Protactinium | Pa | 231.0335 | 22.6 1st |
| 92 | Uranium | U | 238.029 | 22.6 1st |
| 93 | Neptunium | Np | 237 | 22.6 1st |
| 94 | Plutonium | Pu | 244 | 22.6 1st |
| 95 | Americium | Am | 243 | 22.6 1st |
| 96 | Curium | Cm | 247 | 22.6 1st |
| 97 | Berkelium | Bk | 247 | 22.6 1st |
| 98 | Californium | Cf | 251 | 22.6 1st |
| 99 | Einsteinium | Es | 258 | 22.6 1st |
| 100 | Fermium | Fm | 258 | 22.6 1st |
| 101 | Mendelevium | Md | 258 | 22.6 1st |
| 102 | Nobelium | No | 259 | 22.6 1st |
| 103 | Lawrencium | Lr | 262 | 22.6 1st |
|
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Кратка бизнес поредица –
ON-SITE INSPECTIONS ПРОВЕРКИ НА МЯСТО
Short business series –
Най-важното за ПРОВЕРКИТЕ НА МЯСТО по отношение на мерките за ЗАЩИТА НА ЛИЧНИТЕ ДАННИ при съмнение за извършени нарушения, което трябва да знаете:
Кой може да бъде проверяван: Всяко предприятие и/или организация във всеки един икономически сектор
Кой може да извършва проверки:
■ ■ Други комисии на ЕС за защита на личните данни — в трансгранични случаи.
■ ■ Комисия за защита на личните данни (КЗЛД) – с разрешение на Административния съд — София град и упълномощаване на инспекторите от председателя на КЗЛД;
Председателят и членовете на КЗЛД (или лица, упълномощени от КЗЛД и от неговата администрация) упражняват контрол чрез предварителни консултации, инспекции и съвместни операции. Проверките се извършват по инициатива на КЗЛД, жалба на която и да е заинтересована страна или след сигнал, изпратен до КЗЛД.
Инспекторите се легитимират със служебна карта и заповед на председателя на КЗЛД. При упражняване на своите правомощия КЗЛД взаимодейства с държавни органи и неправителствени организации.
Представителите на КЗЛД има следните права:
■ ■ Да получават от АД/ОД достъп до всички лични данни и до цялата информация, необходима за извършване на проверката
■ ■ Да влизат в и инспектират бизнес помещения на съответния администратор на данни (АД) и/ или обработващ данни (ОД), включително всяко оборудване и средства за обработка на данни
■ ■ Да преглеждат сертификатите, издадени в съответствие с член 42, параграф 7 от ОРЗД
■ ■ Да получава копия на документи под каквато и да е форма или да иззема оригинали (за периода на разследването), ако е необходимо
■ ■ Да се изследват ИТ средата (напр. сървъри, персонални компютри, лаптопи, таблети, телефони и др.) и всички носители на данни (напр. CD, DVD, USB, външни дискове, облачни услуги и др.) в помещенията (т.е., без право на изземване на вещи за проверка извън помещенията)
■ ■ Да изискват представители или служители на компанията да дават обяснения относно факти или документи в обхвата на инспекциите и т.н.
Когато проверяващите дойдат при вас, вие следва да:
■ ■ Проверите и копирате необходимата информация от идентификационните документи на проверяващите
■ ■ Се обадите на законните представители, ДЛЗД (ако има такова) и/или всеки служител, който отговаря за защитата на личните данни в офиса; обадете се и на адвокатите на компанията
■ ■ Помолите проверяващите да изчакат пристигането на адвокатите, ако е възможно
■ ■ Помагате на проверяващите
■ ■ Определите служители, които ще придружават проверяващите
■ ■ Не унищожавате информация и не предоставяте кореспонденция с адвокати
■ ■ Проверите окончателния протокол от проверката и го подпишете след консултация с адвокатите си
Подгответе се предварително за проверки на място като:
■ ■ Подготвите вътрешни инструкции/политики за спазване на закона за защита на данните
■ ■ Извършвате регулярни вътрешни одити за оценка на риска
■ ■ Организирате обучения на ключовия персонал и служителите как да действат по време на проверки на място, включително симулации (т.нар. mock dawn raids)
The most important about ON-SITE INSPECTIONS with respect to
DATA PROTECTION
measures and suspected violations you need to know
Who can be inspected: Any undertaking and/or organization in any economic sector
Who may conduct inspections:
■ ■ Other EU Personal Data Protection Commissions – in cross border cases;
■ ■ Bulgarian Commission for Personal Data Protection (CPDP) — permission of the Administrative Court – Sofia City and CPDP chairman's authorization of the inspectors
The chairman and the members of CPDP (or persons authorized by CPDP and from its administration) exercise control through preliminary consultations, inspections and joint operations. Inspections are carried out based on the initiative of CPDP, a complaint of any interested party or after a particular signal sent to CPDP.
The inspectors shall identify themselves with an official card and an order of the chairman of CPDP for the respective inspection. In exercising its powers, CPDP interacts with state bodies and non-governmental organizations.
CPDP have right:
■ ■ To receive from the DC and/or DP access to all personal data and to all the information needed for the performance of the inspection
■ ■ To enter and inspect business premises of the respective data controller (DC) and/or data processor (DP), including any equipment and means of data processing
■ ■ To review the certificates issued in accordance with Article 42 (7) of the GDPR
■ ■ To take or obtain copies in any form or seize originals (for the period of the investigation), if necessary
■ ■ To examine the IT environment (e.g. servers, PCs, laptops, tablets, sell phones, etc.) and all data carriers (e.g, CD, DVD, USB, external hard drives, cloud services, etc.) in the premises (ie, without the right to seize items for inspection outside the premises)
■ ■ To ask representatives or staff members for explanations concerning facts or documents within the inspections scope etc.
When inspectors come, you should:
■ ■ Check and copy the necessary information from the inspector's authorization IDs
■ ■ Call the legal representatives, the DPO (if any) and/or any employee who is responsible for the personal data protection in the office; call the in-house and/or outside lawyer/s
■ ■ Ask inspectors to wait for the arrival of the lawyers if possible
■ ■ Assist within the scope of the inspection
■ ■ Appoint employees who will accompany the inspectors
■
■ Do not destroy information and do not provide correspondence with any lawyers
■ ■ Check the final protocol and sign it upon consultation with the lawyers
Be prepared for inspection by:
■ ■ Internal written instructions/policies for compliance with data protection law
■ ■ Internal audits for risk assessment
■ ■ Trainings of the key staff and trainings of the employees how to act during on-site inspection, including simulations (mock dawn raids)
Най-важното за ПРОВЕРКИТЕ НА МЯСТО при съмнение за извършени
НАРУШЕНИЯ НА ПРАВОТО НА КОНКУРЕНЦИЯ,
което трябва да знаете:
Кой може да бъде проверяван: Всяко предприятие и/или сдружения на предприятия във всеки един икономически сектор
Кой може да извършва проверки:
■ ■ Комисия за защита на конкуренцията на Р България (КЗК) – с разрешение на Административен Съд – София град и упълномощаване на държавните експерти от председателя на КЗК
■ ■ Европейската Комисия (ЕК) – с решение на ЕК за проверка и писмено пълномощно;
Проверяващите експерти представят документ за идентификация
ЕК/КЗК имат право:
■ ■ Да преглеждат документите и записите относно дейността на предприятието без значение на какъв носител са те
■ ■ На достъп до помещения, собственост и моторни превозни средства на предприятието или сдружението
■ ■ Да изследват ИТ средата (напр. сървъри, персонални компютри, лаптопи, таблети, телефони и др.) и всички носители на данни (напр. CD, DVD, USB, външни дискове, облачни услуги и др.), намиращи се в работните помещения
■ ■ Да запечатват работните помещения, документи или записи за периода на проверката
■ ■ Да получават копия на документи под каквато и да е форма или да иззема оригинали (за периода на разследването), ако е необходимо
■ ■ Да изискват представители или служители на предприятието да дават обяснения относно факти или документи в обхвата на инспекциите
КЗК може да изземе документи, които свидетелстват за други нарушения на правото на конкуренция и да образува отделно производство
ЕК има право да извършва проверки и в лични помещения на персонала на предприятието при определени условия, но КЗК – няма.
Когато проверяващите дойдат при вас, вие следва да:
■ ■ необходимата информация от идентификационните документи на проверяващите
■ ■ Да се обадите на представляващите, юрисконсулта и външните адвокати на предприятието
■ ■ Помолите проверяващите да изчакат пристигането на адвокатите, на ако те искат да запознат не ги спирайте
■ ■ Помагате на проверяващите в рамките на предмета на проверката
■ ■ Определите служители, които ще придружават проверяващите
■ ■ Не унищожавате информация и не осъществявате контакт с вашите конкуренти/търговски партньори
■ ■ Копирате изземаните документи и записите на дадените устни обяснения
■ ■ Не предоставяте кореспонденция с адвокати
■ ■ Проверите окончателния протокол от проверката и го подпишете след консултация с адвокатите си Не нарушавайте печати, поставени от ЕК/КЗК, когато проверката не е завършила и продължава
Подгответе се предварително за проверки на място като:
■ ■ Подготвите вътрешни инструкции/политики за спазване на правото за защита на конкуренцията
■ ■ Извършвате регулярни вътрешни одити за оценка на риска
■ ■ Организирате обучения на отговорните служители за отношенията им с конкуренти и доставчици/ дистрибутори за съответствие с правото на конкуренция
ppglawyers.eu
■ ■ Организирате обучения на служителите как да действат при проверки на място, включително симулации на проверки (mock dawn raids)
Този документ предоставя обща информация с цел да ориентира читателя по темата. Той не предоставя правни съвети. Такива съвети могат да бъдат предоставени само въз основа на факти и по отношение на индивидуалните нужди на предприятие/сдружение след консултация с адвокат.
Short business series — Bulgaria:
The most important about ON-SITE INSPECTIONS for suspected VIOLATION OF COMPETITION LAW
you need to know
Who can be inspected: Each undertaking and association of undertaking, in every economic sector
Who may conduct inspections:
■ ■ Bulgarian Competition Protection Commission (CPC) — permission of the Administrative Court – Sofia City and CPC chairman's authorization of the inspectors
■ ■ European Commission (EC) –EC decision for inspection and written authorization;
The inspectors provide proof of identity
EC/CPC have right:
■ ■ To examine books and records concerning undertaking's business irrespective of the storage medium
■ ■ To access premises, property and vehicles of the undertaking or association
■ ■ To examine the IT environment (e.g. servers, PCs, laptops, tablets, sell phones, etc.) and all data carriers (e.g, CD, DVD, USB, external hard drives, cloud services, etc.) in the premises
■ ■ To seal business premises, books or records for the period of the inspection
■ ■ To take or obtain copies in any form or seize originals (for the period of the investigation), if necessary
■ ■ To ask representatives or staff members for explanations concerning facts or documents within the inspections scope
CPC may seize documents evidencing other violations of the competition law and open separate investigation EC may inspect personal premisses under certain conditions but CPC may not
When inspectors come, you should:
■ ■ Check and copy inspector's authorization documents
■ ■ Call the representatives, in-house and the outside lawyer/s, etc.
■ ■ Ask inspectors to wait for the arrival of the lawyers but if they want – let them start
■ ■ Assist within the scope of the inspection
■ ■ Appoint employees who will accompany each inspector
■ ■ Do not destroy information and do not contact competitors/commercial partners
■ ■ Copy seized documents and record oral explanations
■ ■ Do not provide correspondence with an outside lawyer (i.e. legal privilege)
■ ■ Check the final protocol and sign it upon consultation with the lawyer
Do not break seals placed by EC/CPC when inspection is not finished and continuous
Be prepared for inspection by:
■ ■ Internal written instructions/policies for compliance with competition law
■ ■ Internal audits for risk assessment
■ ■ Trainings of the key staff on its relations with competitors and suppliers/distributors for compliance with competition law
■ ■ Trainings of the staff how to act during on-site inspection, including simulations (mock dawn raids)
Кратка бизнес поредица — България:
Най-важното за
ПРОВЕРКИТЕ НА МЯСТО от
КОМИСИЯ ЗА ЗАЩИТА НА ПОТРЕБИТЕЛИТЕ (КЗП),
което трябва да знаете:
Кой може да бъде проверяван: производители, дистрибутори и доставчици на стоки и услуги за крайни потребители
Кой може да извършва проверки:
■ ■ Експерти от дирекция "Защита на потребители при продажби от разстояние" на КЗП
■ ■ Експерти от регионалните дирекции «Контрол на пазара» на КЗП
■ ■ Проверяващите трябва да представят документ за идентификация (напр. лични карти)
Предмет на проверките:
■ ■ Условия на доставка, начини на плащане, неравноправни клаузи и други търговски условия
■ ■ Информация, която се предоставя на потребителите — цени, етикети, характеристики, състав, начин на употреба, производител, вносител, функционалности и хардуерна/софтуерна съвместимост и др.
■ ■ Гаранция, рекламации и безопасност на нехранителните стоки, наличност на стоките
■ ■ Нарушения на интересите на потребителите съгласно Регламент №2017/2394
■ ■ Специални секторни изисквания
КЗП има право:
■ ■ Да проверява всички документи и данни, отнасящи се подозираното нарушение, независимо то тяхната форма
■ ■ На достъп до производствени и търговски помещения (и превозни средства във връзка с Регламент № 2017/2394)
■ ■ Да прави копия и взема образци
■ ■ Да изисква всяка информация относно подозираното нарушение, включително устни обяснения
Когато проверяващите дойдат при вас, вие следва да:
■ ■ Проверете документите за идентификация на проверяващите
■ ■ Обадете се на представляващите и юрисконсулта/външните адвокати на предприятието, др.
■ ■ Определите служители, които ще придружават проверяващите
■ ■ Не предоставяте кореспонденция с външен адвокат
■ ■ Съдействате и предоставяте информация в рамките на предмета на проверката
■ ■ Копирате изземаните документи и записите на дадените устни обяснения
■ ■ Проверите окончателния протокол от проверката и го подпишете след консултация с адвокатите си
Подгответе се предварително за проверки на място като:
■ ■ Подготвите вътрешни инструкции/политики и проведете обучения на отговорните за съответствие с правото за защита на потребителите служители
■ ■ Извършвате предварителна проверка за съответствие с правото за защита правата на потребителите на информацията, която представяте на потребителите (напр., етикети, обявяване на цени, реклами, общи условия, инструкции, гаранции и друга съпътстваща документация, регистър на потребителските рекламации, др.)
The most important about ON-SITE INSPECTIONS
by CONSUMERS PROTECTION COMMISSION (CRPC)
you need to know
Who can be inspected: manufacturers, distributors and suppliers of consumer goods and services
Who may conduct inspections:
■ ■ Experts from general directorate "Consumer Protection in Distance Selling" of CrPC
■ ■ Experts from regional directorates "Market Supervision" of CrPC
■ ■ The inspectors provide proof of identity (service ID cards)
Scope of inspections:
■ ■ Delivery conditions, payment methods, unequal provisions and other commercial conditions
■ ■ Information provided to consumers — prices, labels, characteristics, ingredients, way of use, producer, importer, functionalities and hardwater/software compatibility, etc.
■ ■ Guarantee, consumer claims register and non-food goods safety, goods in stock
■ ■ Violations of consumers interests within EU under Regulation No 2017/2394
■ ■ Special sector requirements
CrPC has right:
■ ■ To examine all documents and data concerning the suspected violation, irrespective of their form
■ ■ To access production and commercial premises (motor vehicles in connection with Regulation 2017/2394)
■ ■ Seize copies and take samples
■ ■ To request any information about suspected violation, including oral explanations
When inspectors come, you should:
■ ■ Check inspector's identity documents
■ ■ Call the representatives and in-house/outside lawyer/s, etc.
■ ■ Appoint employees who will accompany inspectors
■ ■ Do not provide correspondence with an outside lawyer (i.e. legal privilege)
■ ■ Assist and provide information within the scope of the inspection
■ ■ Copy seized documents and record oral explanations
■ ■ Check the final protocol, make objections in it, if necessary, and sign it
Be prepared for inspection by:
■ ■ Internal written instructions/policies and trainings of the key staff for compliance with consumer protection law
■ ■ Preliminary revision of the information provided to consumers (e.g., labels, price announcements, advertisements, general terms and conditions, instructions, guarantees and other supporting documentation, consumer claims register, etc.) for compliance with consumer protection law
Кратка бизнес поредица — България:
Най-важното за ПРОВЕРКИТЕ НА МЯСТО при съмнение за нарушение на ТРУДОВОТО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛСТВО,
което трябва да знаете
Кой може да бъде проверяван: Работодатели, органи по набиране на персонал, служители
Контролиращи органи: Главната инспекция по труда (ГИТ) осъществява цялостен и специализиран контрол по спазването на трудовото законодателство във всички отрасли и дейности. Предприятията могат да се проверяват толкова често и колкото е необходимо, за да се гарантира ефективното прилагане на съответните законови разпоредби.
Права на ГИТ и проверяващите:
■ ■ Да извършват всякакви проверки, инспекции и разследвания, с цел да се гарантира, че законовите разпоредби са действително спазени, като например:
■ ■ Да влизат свободно, без предизвестие и по всяко време на денонощието, във всяко предприятие, поставено под контрола на ГИТ;
- Разпити (самостоятелно или в присъствието на свидетели на работодателя или персонала на предприятието) по всички въпроси, свързани с прилагането на законовите разпоредби;
- Изискване за преглед на обяви за работа, поставянето на видно място на които е предвидено в законовите разпоредби;
- Запознаване с всички книжа, регистри и документи, чието поддържане е предписано от законодателството по отношение на условията на труд, за да се провери съответствието им със законовите разпоредби и да се правят копия или извлечения от тях;
- Вземане за изследване на проби от използвани или обработени материали или вещества.
■ ■ Да бъдат информирани директно от служителите по всички въпроси, свързани с упражняването на контрол, както и да изискват от тях да декларират писмено факти и обстоятелства, свързани с изпълнението на трудовата дейност;
■ ■ Да изискват от работодателя всякакъв вид обяснения, информация и представяне на всички необходими документи и копия, във връзка с упражняването на контрол;
■ ■ Да установяват причините и обстоятелствата, при които са настъпили трудови злополуки и др.
Когато проверяващите дойдат при вас, вие следва да:
■ ■ Проверите и копирате разрешителните документи на проверяващите
■ ■ Се Обадите се на представителите на компанията, на адвокатите и др.
■ ■ Определите служители, които ще придружават всеки проверяващ и ще подпомагат проверката
■ ■ Не предоставяте кореспонденция с адвокат (т.е. позовавате се на тайната между адвокат и клиент)
■ ■ Не унищожавате информация
■ ■ Копирате иззети документи и записвате устни обяснения
Подгответе се предварително за проверки на място като:
■ ■ Подготвите вътрешни инструкции/политики за спазване на закона за защита на данните
■ ■ Извършвате регулярни вътрешни одити за оценка на риска
■ ■ Организирате обучения на ключовия персонал и служителите как да действат по време на проверки на място, включително симулации (т.нар. mock dawn raids)
Short business series — Bulgaria:
The most important about ON-SITE INSPECTIONS for suspected violation of LABOR LAW you need to know
Who can be inspected: Employers, recruitment authorities, officials, employees
Controlling institution: The General Labor Inspectorate (GLI) carries out comprehensive and specialized control over the observance of the labor legislation in all branches and activities.
Enterprises can be inspected as often and as carefully as necessary to ensure the effective application of the relevant legal provisions.
Rights of GLI and the labor inspectors:
■ ■ to carry out any research, inspections and investigations deemed necessary to ensure that the legal provisions are actually complied with, such as:
■ ■ to enter freely, without prior notice at any time of the day or night, into any enterprise placed under the control of GLI;
- interrogate (alone or in the presence of witnesses of the employer or the staff of the enterprise) for all issues related to the application of the legal provisions;
- require the announcement of labor notices, the placing in a visible place of which is provided by the legal provisions;
- get acquainted with all books, registers and documents, the maintenance of which is prescribed by the legislation on the working conditions, in order to check their compliance with the legal provisions and to make copies or excerpts from them;
- take for examination samples of used or processed materials or substances.
■ ■ to be informed directly by the employees on all issues related to the exercise of control, as well as to require them to declare in writing facts and circumstances related to the performance of the labor activity;
■ ■ to require from the employer any kind of explanations, information and presentation of all necessary documents, papers and certified copies in connection with the exercise of control;
■ ■ to establish the causes and circumstances under which accidents at work have occurred etc.
When inspectors come, you should:
■ ■ Check and copy inspector's authorization documents
■ ■ Call the representatives, in-house and the outside lawyer/s, etc.
■ ■ Appoint employees who will accompany each inspector and assist the inspection
■ ■ Do not provide correspondence with an outside lawyer (i.e. legal privilege)
■ ■ Do not destroy information
■ ■ Copy seized documents and record oral explanations
Be prepared for inspection by:
■ ■ Drafting of internal written instructions/policies
■ ■ Organising internal audits for risk assessment
■ ■ Trainings of the staff how to act during on-site inspection, including simulations
Кратка бизнес поредица — България:
Най-важното за ПРОВЕРКИТЕ НА МЯСТО при съмнение за нарушение на ДАНЪЧНОТО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛСТВО,
което трябва да знаете:
Кой може да бъде проверяван: Всички данъчно-задължени лица
Видове контрол: Има две форми на данъчен контрол — данъчни инспекции и данъчни ревизии. Данъчните инспекции се използват за превантивен, предварителен и последващ контрол от органите по приходите в зависимост от преследваната цел. Данъчните ревизии винаги са последващи.
Данъчните ревизии започват със заповед за възлагане. Данъчните проверки се извършват от органите по приходите, без да е необходимо изрично писмено възлагане.
Права на проверяващите:
■ ■ Достъп до автоматизираните информационни системи, продукти и архиви на предприятието
■ ■ Достъп до помещенията и собствеността на предприятието
■ ■ Да осигурят доказателства чрез опис или чрез изземване на ценни книжа, предмети, документи и други носители, както и чрез копиране на информация от и върху технически носител, позволяващо възпроизвеждането, чрез предприемане на необходимите технически мерки за запазване на автентичността на информацията
■ ■ Да искат от представители или членове на персонала за обяснения относно факти или документи в обхвата на инспекциите
■ ■ Запечатване на обекта или част от него, само когато се открият доказателствата, които трябва да бъдат обезпечени, за период до 48 часа или (в някои случаи) по-дълго
Когато проверяващите дойдат при вас, вие следва да:
■ ■ Проверите и копирате разрешителните документи на проверяващите
■ ■ Се обадите се на представителите, вътрешни и външни адвокати и др.
■ ■ Помолите проверяващите да изчакат пристигането на адвокатите, ако е възможно
■ ■ Помагате в рамките на инспекцията
■ ■ Определите служители, които ще придружават всеки инспектор
■ ■ Не унищожавате информация
■ ■ Копирате иззети документи и записвате устните обяснения
■ ■ Не предоставяте кореспонденция с адвокати (т.е. позовавате се на тайната между адвокат и клиент)
■ ■ Проверите окончателния протокол и да го подпишете (по възможност след консултация с адвокат)
NB! В случай че ревизирано или проверено лице откаже на органа по приходите да предостави достъп до контролиран обект или откаже да представи документи или други носители на информация, органите по приходите могат да поискат съдействие от органите на Министерството на вътрешните работи, включително за извършване на претърсване или изземване в съответствие с процедурата, предвидена в Наказателно-процесуалния кодекс. По всяко време проверяваното предприятие има право да получи копия на иззети или предадени документи на хартия или на други носители.
Подгответе се предварително за проверки на място като:
■ ■ Изготвяте на вътрешни писмени инструкции/политики за служителите
■ ■ Организирате регулаярни вътрешни одити за оценка на риска
■ ■ Обучавате персонала как да действа по време на проверка на място, включително чрез симулации на проверки
Short business series — Bulgaria:
The most important about ON-SITE INSPECTIONS for suspected violation of TAX LAW
you need to know
Who can be inspected: Аll taxable persons
Type of control: There are two forms of tax control — tax inspections and tax audits.
Tax inspections are used for preventive, ex ante and ex post control by the revenue authorities, depending on the pursued goal. Tax audits are always ex post.
Tax audits begin with an assignment order. Tax inspections are carried out by the revenue authorities without the need for an explicit written assignment.
Rights of the revenue authorities:
■ ■ To access the automated information systems, products and archives of the undertaking
■ ■ To access premises and property of the undertaking
■ ■ To secure evidence by inventory or by seizure of securities, items, documents and other media, as well as by copying information from and on technical media enabling reproduction and by taking the necessary technical measures to preserve the authenticity of the information
■ ■ To ask representatives or staff members for explanations concerning facts or documents within the inspections scope
■ ■ Тo seal the object or part of it, only where the evidence to be secured is located, for a period of up to 48 hours, or (in certain cases) longer
When inspectors come, you should:
■ ■ Check and copy inspector's authorization documents
■ ■ Call the representatives, in-house and the outside lawyer/s, etc.
■ ■ Ask inspectors to wait for the arrival of the lawyers but if they want – let them start
■ ■ Assist within the scope of the inspection
■ ■ Appoint employees who will accompany each inspector
■ ■ Do not destroy information
■ ■ Copy seized documents and record oral explanations
■ ■ Do not provide correspondence with an outside lawyer (i.e. legal privilege)
■ ■ Check the final protocol and sign it (possibly upon consultation with the lawyer)
NB! In case an audited or verified person refuses the revenue authority to provide access to a controlled object or refuses to present papers or other information carriers, the revenue authorities may request assistance from the bodies of the Ministry of Interior, including for conducting a search or seizure in accordance with the procedure provided for in the Criminal Procedure Code.
At any time the inspected undertaking has the right to receive copies of seized or handed over documents, papers, or technical media.
Be prepared for inspection by:
■ ■ Drafting of internal written instructions/policies
■ ■ Organizing internal audits for risk assessment
■ ■ Trainings of the staff how to act during on-site inspection, including simulations
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Content alignment to national Common Core standards
| Common Core ELA Standards | Learning for Life Lessons |
|---|---|
| Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the answers. (Key Ideas and Details) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being a Good Worker; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Code of Ethics; Law and Government; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Setting Goals; Building My Courage; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship; Classic Literature; Money Management |
| Determine the main idea of a text; recount the key details and explain how they support the main idea. (Key Ideas and Details) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; People Who Cheat; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Building My Courage |
Third grade
Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-‐specific words and phrases in a text relevant to agrade 3 topic or subject area. (Craft and Structure)
Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being Responsible; Choices; Consumerism; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps; Safety
Use text features and search tools(e.g., key words, sidebars, hyperlinks) to locate information relevant to a given topic efficiently. (Craft and Structure)
Distinguish their own point of view from that of the author of a text. (Craft and Structure)
Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; World Cultures; A Job Well Done; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Choosing What's Right for Me; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Prepared for Today; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Importance of Family; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship; What is Freedom?; Conservation; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Physical Fitness; Places and Maps
Ethnic Heritage; Respecting Differences; Decision Making; Gangs; Code of Ethics
| Third grade | |
|---|---|
| Use information gained from illustrations (e.g. maps, photographs) and the words in a text to demonstrate understanding of the text (e.g. where, when, why, and how key events occur). (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Pet Care |
| Describe the logical connection between particular sentences and paragraphs in a text (e.g. comparison, cause/effect, sequence. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Making Good Decisions; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Violence Prevention; Overcoming Poor Decisions |
| Compare and contrast the most important points and key details presented in two texts on the same topic. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | |
| By the end of the year, read and comprehend informational texts, including history/social studies, science, and technical texts, at the high end of the grades 2-‐3 text complexity band independently and proficiently. (Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Never Lose Sight; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship |
| Third grade | |
|---|---|
| Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. (Conventions of Standard English) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; A Job Well Done; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Conservation; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Service; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Seting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Standing Up for Me; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps |
| Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, distinguishing literal from nonliteral language. (Craft and Structure) | Violence Prevention |
| Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the answers. (Key Ideas and Details) | Ethnic Heritage; Decision Making; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Coping with Stress; Setting Goals; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship |
| Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through the key details in the text. (Key Ideas and Details) | Setting Goals; Building My Courage; Money Management |
| Fourth Grade | |
|---|---|
| Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text (Key Ideas and Details) | Law and Government; Understanding People with Special Needs; Anger/Conflict Management |
| Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology. (Craft and Structure) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being a Good Worker; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Choosing What's Right for Me; Code of Ethics; Law and Government; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Developing Good Listening Skills; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Hobbies/Recycling; Money Management; Personal Habits for a Lifetime; Personal Safety; Places and Maps |
| Interpret information presented visually, orally, or quantitatively (e.g., in charts, graphs, diagrams, time lines, animations, or interactive elements on Web pages) and explain how the information contributes to an understanding of the text. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; World Cultures; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Developing Good Listening Skills; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Physical Fitness; Places and Maps; Transportation |
|---|---|
| Explain how an author uses reasons and evidence to support particular points in a text. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | Ethnic Heritage; Law and Government; People Who Cheat; Violence Prevention; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Accepting Consequences |
| Integrate information from two texts on the same topic in order to write or speak about the subjects knowledgeably. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | |
| Read and comprehend informational texts, including history/social studies, science, and technical texts. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | Ethnic Heritage; World Cultures; Law and Government; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Health |
Fourth Grade
Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. (Conventions of Standard English)
Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being Responsible; Choices; Consumerism; Decision Making; Gangs; Responsibility; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; When People Steal from Me; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Importance of Family; Pet Care; Service; Something Special About Me; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Fire Safety; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps
Use reference materials (glossary). (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use)
Summarize text. (Key Ideas and Details)
Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; World Cultures; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Building My Self-‐ Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐ Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps
Race, Religion, and Culture
| Use standard writing conventions. (Conventions of Standard English) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; Law and Government; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; When People Steal from Me; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Something Special About Me; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Give Up; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; Exhibiting Responsible Citizenship; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Habits for a Lifetime; Personal Safety; Places and Maps |
|---|---|
| Use context clues to determine meaning of words. (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use) | Being a Good Worker |
| Understand affixes. (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use) | Respecting Differences |
| Fifth Grade | |
|---|---|
| Use reference materials, such as a dictionary. (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps |
| Determine the meaning of words and phrases including similes and metaphors. (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use) | |
| Recognize idioms, proverbs, and adages. (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use) | Choices; Building My Self-‐Confidence |
| Recognize synonyms, antonyms, and homographs. (Vocabulary Acquisition and Use) | Personal Safety |
| Determine the theme of a story from details. (Key Ideas and Details) | Code of Ethics |
| Fifth Grade | |
|---|---|
| Determine the meaning of words and phrases. (Craft and Structure) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps |
| Analyze visual and multimedia elements contributions to a story. (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | Ethnic Heritage; Race, Religion, and Culture; Respecting Differences; Being Responsible; Choices; Decision Making; Gangs; Making Good Decisions; Meeting Deadlines; Code of Ethics; People Who Cheat; Trust Me—I Won't Let You Down; Empathy; Getting Along with Others; Pet Care; Understanding People with Special Needs; Violence Prevention; Never Lose Sight; Overcoming Poor Decisions; Anger/Conflict Management; Building My Self-‐Confidence; Coping with Stress; Health; Self-‐Awareness; Setting Goals; Accepting Consequences; Building My Courage; Standing Up for Me; Sticking to What's Right; Community; What is Freedom?; Classic Literature; Communication; Money Management; Personal Safety; Places and Maps |
| Compare/contrast within genre (Integration of Knowledge and Ideas) | |
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Weather in Royat
Sunday, 23 November
| | 9° | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atmospheric Description | | Cloudy Intervals | Cloudy Skies | Overcast | Overcast |
| Wind Description | | 13 mph S | 15 mph S | 17 mph S | 16 mph S |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 94 % | 88 % | 54 % | 73 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1018 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1017 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 3300 m | 3400 m | 3400 m | 3200 m |
| Monday, 24 November | | | | | |
| | 19° | Dawn | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 11° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Overcast | Cloudy Skies | Overcast | Overcast |
| Wind Description | | 12 mph S | 6 mph S | 4 mph SE | 4 mph E |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 1.4 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 79 % | 85 % | 71 % | 80 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1019 hPa | 1019 hPa | 1019 hPa | 1019 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 3000 m | 3000 m | 2900 m | 2600 m |
| Tuesday, 25 November | | | | | |
| | 16° | Dawn | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 11° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Light rain | Cloudy Skies | Light rain | Moderate rain |
| Wind Description | | 4 mph S | 6 mph S | 8 mph SW | 2 mph NW |
| Rain | | 0.7 mm | 0.1 mm | 1.1 mm | 5.7 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 93 % | 93 % | 80 % | 98 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1019 hPa | 1018 hPa | 1017 hPa | 1017 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 2700 m | 2600 m | 2700 m | 2500 m |
| Wednesday, 26 November | | | | | |
| | 13° | Dawn | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 9° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Light rain | Light rain | Light rain | Light rain |
| Wind Description | | 2 mph N | 4 mph N | 3 mph N | 2 mph NW |
| Rain | | 2.2 mm | 0.8 mm | 1.7 mm | 1.3 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 99 % | 99 % | 99 % | 100 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1017 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1016 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 2500 m | 2400 m | 2400 m | 2200 m |
1 / 2
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Weather in Royat
Thursday, 27 November
| | 11° | Dawn | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | 3° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Light rain | Cloudy Skies | Sunny | Sunny |
| Wind Description | | 7 mph W | 6 mph W | 6 mph W | 4 mph SE |
| Rain | | 0.5 mm | 0.1 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 90 % | 97 % | 60 % | 70 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1016 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1015 hPa | 1013 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 1900 m | 1700 m | 1600 m | 1700 m |
| Friday, 28 November | | | | | |
| | 15° | Dawn | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | -1° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Sunny | Sunny | Cloudy Intervals | Overcast |
| Wind Description | | 8 mph S | 12 mph S | 19 mph S | 12 mph S |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 87 % | 99 % | 58 % | 82 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1011 hPa | 1010 hPa | 1007 hPa | 1010 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 2500 m | 2700 m | 2700 m | 2700 m |
| Saturday, 29 November | | | | | |
| | 13° | Dawn | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 6° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Overcast | Cloudy Intervals | Light rain | Cloudy Skies |
| Wind Description | | 12 mph S | 6 mph S | 4 mph SW | 1 mph NW |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0.4 mm | 0.6 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 86 % | 96 % | 82 % | 98 % |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1013 hPa | 1017 hPa | 1020 hPa | 1023 hPa |
| Snow bound | | 2700 m | 2600 m | 2500 m | 2500 m |
| Sunday, 30 November | | | | | |
| | 13° | Dawn | Morning | | |
| | 7° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Description | | Cloudy Skies | Cloudy Skies | | |
| Wind Description | | 2 mph NE | 2 mph SE | | |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | | |
| Relative Humidity | | 99 % | 76 % | | |
| Atmospheric pressure | | 1025 hPa | 1025 hPa | | |
| Snow bound | | 2700 m | 3300 m | | |
2 / 2
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Department: Public Health
Mission:
To protect the residents of Klamath County from threats posed by biological, chemical, environmental and natural causes harmful to human health, and to improve the health status of the county by engaging in strategies and actions with the community to promote better health outcomes.
Mandated Services:
- The Vital Records Program --- Health Statistics—mandated by ORS 431(2)(c).
We are mandated to collect, analyze, and report data on all births and deaths occurring in Klamath County. We are likewise mandated to issue certificates on vital events occurring within the past six months. On average we record and report approximately 800 births and 700 deaths annually, and issue 1300 vital record certificates. In addition, the Department is required to provide information and referral services, and health information statistics, to be in compliance with the Minimum Standards for Local Health in Oregon.
- Environmental Health Services
- Licensed Facilities Program—mandated by ORS 624.510 to 624.570; ORS 446.310
to 446.325; ORS 448.035, 448.040, 448.273, 448.277, 448.990. We are required to license and inspect all facilities which provide prepared food,
beverage, drinking water, lodging, swimming pools and spas for the public. We provide over 850 inspections of these facilities annually to ensure that facility operations are in compliance with the governing Oregon Administrative Rules. We also are required to provide food handler training to food service workers within 30 days of their employment, and to review plans for any new or modified licensed facilities. We are responsible for reviewing the menus and food handling procedures proposed for over 100 benevolent events providing food and or beverage to member of the public in Klamath County annually.
- Public Drinking Water Program—mandated by OAR 333-029, 333-031, 333-060,
333-061-0030, 333-061-0076, 333-062, 333-150, 333-162, 333-170. The Environmental Health Services division is required by contract with the Oregon Health Authority to enforce the Safe Drinking Water Act requirements of 194 small public drinking water systems operating in Klamath County. We are required to inspect these systems at every three to five years, monitor the systems for compliance with required monthly and quarterly sampling of, notify operators and issue public notices when water test results do not meet standards, and assist system operators to take appropriate corrective action when needed.
- Communicable and Infectious Disease Control and Prevention—mandated by ORS 431.416 (2) (a) and ORS 433.006
The Acute and Communicable Disease Prevention program is responsible to collect and analyze disease reports, detect and investigate outbreaks of 91 different diseases and conditions, and implement control measures for preventable diseases and conditions. We
Department: Public Health
are furthermore charged with identifying, testing, treating and tracking any resident who has been exposed to any of these 91 different diseases and conditions. The program received and followed up on over 596 notifications of these reportable diseases or conditions in 2013. We provide an average of 500 testing and treatment visits for communicable or infectious diseases annually.
- Infectious Disease Vaccine Prevention Services—mandated by ORS 433.235 to ORS 433.284
This program must provide state supplied vaccine to all children who present in need, regardless of ability to pay, register their immunization records, track and recall all children out of compliance with vaccination requirements, manage public and privately supplied vaccine supplies, conduct surveillance of vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination rates within the County. Additionally we are required to administer adult vaccine to prevent outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases. The Department has been immunizing approximately 500 individuals annually.
- Family Planning Services—mandated by ORS 435.205.
This program provides clinical, counseling and educational services which allow county residents to determine the number and spacing of their children and prevent unintended pregnancies. We are required to provide counseling on contraceptive methods and supplies, education on reproductive risk factors, vaccination against preventable reproductive health conditions and testing and treatment of reproductive health diseases. We provide services to an average of 1200 residents annually through 2000 clinical encounters.
- Maternal and Child Health Services—mandated by ORS 431.416 (2) (b) and the Intergovernmental Agreement with the State of Oregon. We are required to provide nurse home visiting services to families who have a child born at medical risk for developmental delay. Public Health Nurse Case Managers are required to monitor the growth and development of these children up to the child's fifth birthday. Nursing interventions identify any barriers that may hamper the development of these children, or threaten their health and safety and support families in preventive interventions. An average of 75 children receive these services annually.
We are likewise obligated to provide nurse home visiting services to families who have a child under the age of 21 with a diagnosed special health care need, such as heart disease, cerebral palsy, a genetic abnormality, or orthopedic disorder. Nurse case managers help families address the diverse medical, emotional, financial and educational concerns which may arise, so that these children can achieve and maintain their potential. An average of 75 families receives these services yearly.
- Public Health Emergency Preparedness—mandated by OAR 104-010-005, the Intergovernmental Agreement with the State of Oregon and the Minimum Standards for Local Health Departments in Oregon.
Department: Public Health
The department is required to address mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery for public health emergencies through plan development and revision, exercise, and response activities based on the 15 CDC identified Public Health Preparedness Capabilities. Public health threats are always present; examples include flu outbreaks, radiation exposures, natural disasters, chemical events, and bioterrorism threats. Our department is required to prevent, respond to, and rapidly recover from such public health threats. Components of our work include the development of a basic public health emergency response plan, emergency and risk communication plan, behavioral resource plan, and a plan to protect vulnerable populations in the event of a public health emergency.
We are charged with operating a 24/7 public health emergency hot line, staffed by public health nurses to coordinate and report public health emergencies. We have responsibility to have stand-by capacity for implementing quarantine and isolation measures. We are mandated to receive, store and distribute Strategic National Stockpile resources needed in emergencies, and to distribute and dispense these medications in such events. We are required to employ a certified public information officer to provide public information and notification regarding public health emergencies.
Self-Imposed Services:
Environmental Health Services Division
Two non mandated programs are housed in this division: the Air Quality Protection program and the Non-licensed Facilities program.
- The Air Quality Protection Program
The Air Quality Protection program has been operated by the Environmental Health Services Division since the 1990's when the County struggled to achieve compliance with the national ambient air quality standards. Originally designed to promote the replacement of noncertified wood burning appliances, the program has now evolved to meet ever stricter air quality standards by providing education and information to residents on allowable "burning" practices. For approximately half of the year, daily advisories are provided on current and anticipated air quality and any restrictions on the use of woodstoves and outdoor burning. Staff patrols both inside and outside the Air Quality Zone to ensure that residents are aware of their need to comply with the requirements set forth in County Ordinance 406. Corrective actions include sending notifications to offenders, and in cases of repeat or serious violation, citations to appear in court.
- Non-licensed Facility Programs
Environmental Health Services conducts safety and sanitation inspections of facilities licensed by state departments, including pre-schools, schools, day care centers, group homes and public institutions. Sixty facilities reimburse us for annual inspections.
Women, Infant and Children Supplemental Nutrition Division/Program
This program provides supplemental nutritious food to low income women who are pregnant and families who have children five years of age and under. Nutrition education, risk assessment and
Department: Public Health
resource referrals for families are the cornerstones of this program. Key strategies are the promotion of breastfeeding and other health practices proven to positively influence health outcomes and lifetime healthy behaviors. Our WIC program participation has increased to over 1846 families. More than 4300 women, infants and children are served annually and participate in certification or educational activities at the Department four times a year.
Health Promotion/Disease and Injury Prevention Division/Program
The services and activities of this program have been created and enacted partially in response to our mandate to provide health information and referral services to residents. The program also serves as the flagship for evolving public health mandates to assess the causes of preventable poor health outcomes among county residents, and to implement population based initiatives to reduce the burden of chronic disease.
The Tobacco Prevention and Education component of this program provides community tobacco prevention and education services that have been proven best practice for tobacco use control and ensure sustainable improvements in the quality of air all residents breathe.
The My Future, My Choice project provides abstinence based sexuality education to over 600 middle school students in all public education facilities in Klamath County.
Department Overview:
The Department is required by statute or rule to provide five essential services:
1. Epidemiological (investigation) and control of preventable diseases and disorders;
2. Parent and child health services, including family planning clinics as described in ORS 435.205
3. Collection and reporting of health statistics
4. Health information and referral services; and
5. Environmental Health Services
In nearly all five areas of required "essential" services, the State's allocation of federal funds provided to us is not adequate to perform the required level of service, so the Department seeks other revenue streams and grants to subsidize these requirements, and to match the federal funding requirements.
The level and constitution of these "essential" services are defined by Klamath County's Intergovernmental Agreement or contacts with the Oregon Health Authority. The Department is composed of 4 divisions with the following programs to carry out this work (funded to varying extents by our Intergovernmental Agreement award). These programs are:
- Public Health Emergency Preparedness Services (2410-4010-4029)
- Environmental Health Services (2410-4010-4041)
- Vital Records (2410-4010-4039)
- Clinic and Communicable Disease Control Services (2410-4010-4044)
- Women, Infant and Children Nutrition Education Services (2410-4010-4048) and
- Community Nursing Outreach and Home Visiting Services (2410-4010-4047)
Department: Public Health
- Health Promotion/Disease and Injury Prevention Services (2410-4010-4049)
Successes and Challenges:
The primary challenge for this public health department has been and continues to be the lack of funding adequate to meet our statutory and contractual requirements for Clinic/Communicable Disease Control and Environmental Health Services. State funding for most programs has not kept pace with both increasing resident need and demand, or with the escalating costs of the skilled and accredited staff needed to provide services as required. The balance of funding to meet these requirements has historically come from the intergovernmental transfer from Klamath County's alcohol and tobacco tax revenues which are earmarked for public health and safety use, and customer user fees and insurance payments. In 2012-13, these "sin tax" revenues were reassigned to support shortfalls in the Sheriff's Department. In 2014-15, the Department received $120,000 in general funds to support mandated communicable disease control services, environmental health investigations and licensed facility program costs, and to support nonmandated priorities in air quality. In 2015-16, the public health department has been allocated intergovernmental transfers of $60,000 to help offset these funding challenges. The public health department has also restructured staff time and reduced staffing in programs with limited funding.
Notable exceptions to this pattern of inadequate state and federal funding are found in our Women, Infant, Children Nutrition Education, our Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Drinking Water programs where federal funding has been and continues to be adequate to meet programmatic requirements. We have also been successful in fully funding our Health Promotion/Disease and Injury Prevention programs with funding from our Intergovernmental Agreement with the State of Oregon and grants we have secured.
The Department has seen steady improvement in the identification of funding resources. Our ability to recoup charges has been greatly enhanced by our purchase of an external billing and collection service. Our Community Outreach Nurse Home Visiting services program has now accomplished fee-for-service opportunities which allow that divisions costs to be fully funded.
The use of tasks in the Springbrook accounting system continues to allow us to track expenses and revenues by program. This increases accountability for all programs within the department, and results in more accurate measurement of program performance.
The department recently moved into a newer building which has allowed for more efficient workspace for the department.
Budget Overview:
Public Health Emergency Preparedness 2410-4010-4029
Major Expenditures: Public Health Emergency Preparedness's personal service total is $76,745 with a total of 0.97 FTE which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel. Staff training, supplies, and equipment are the major expenses for Public Health
Department: Public Health
Emergency Preparedness designated to build and maintain an emergency response team within Public Health.
Major Revenues: The Public Health Emergency Preparedness program is fully funded with Federal dollars passed through the State each year.
Vital Records 2410-4010-4039
Major Expenditures: A majority of expenses for this mandated project are for the 0.89 FTE in personal services, which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel. Major Revenues: All revenues for this service are fee based.
Environmental Health Services Division 2410-4010-4041
Major Expenditures: Environmental Health's personal service total is $277,491. The FTE for this division is 3.85 which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel. Other major expenditures for this division include a percentage of license fees which are paid to Oregon Health Authority, facility services, and internal service costs.
Major Revenues: Environmental Health collects fees for all licensed and non-licensed facilities; the current fee structure was realigned in 2012 to more appropriately cover costs and is now aligned at full cost recovery. General Fund subsidy of $14,000 is expected for FY 15/16 to subsidize $3,000 of costs in the exempt licensed facility and $11,000 in air quality program costs. A portion of the on-line food handler test fees are paid to the Environmental Health Division. The State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is expected to award Klamath County with an Air Quality Grant of $50,000 to help support the Air Quality program. Environmental Health receives annual funds from the State in the amount of $73,000 to fund the Drinking Water program.
Clinic and Communicable Disease Control Division 2410-4010-4044
Major Expenditures: Clinic Services' personal service total is $415,794.70 with a total of 5.78 FTE which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel. The Clinic Services Division spends up to $135,000 for lab, drug /pharmacy and contract service expenses with the Family Planning and Immunization Programs. These expenses continually remain under funded by the State Programs, requiring a minimum of $46,000 in general fund support. New fee schedules have been implemented in both the Family Planning and Immunization Programs to help boost revenues for these services.
Major Revenues: Clinic Services receives $146,424 in State and Federal funding for their programs. Clinic Services receives reimbursement payments from eligible patient visits. $175,000 from Oregon Contraceptive Care (CCare) and $105,000 from Medicaid (Oregon Health Plan) is projected for receipt in 2015-16. Revenues from fees for service from private insurance and patient payments are expected to be $38,800. Revenues of $60,000 are expected for Medicaid Administrative Claiming. In additional general fund subsidy of $46,000 will help to support Clinic Services.
Community Nursing Outreach Program 2410-4010-4047
Major Expenditures: The Community Outreach personal service total is $237,891 with a total of 2.92 FTE which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel. Nursing
Outreach pays out up to $110,000 in matching funds in order to receive reimbursement for each qualifying visit.
Major Revenues: The revenue received for qualifying visits is anticipated to generate $295,000 in 2015-16. Community Outreach and Home Visiting receives $35,650 in State and Federal funding for their programs. Funding for the Babies First and CACOON programs are a set amount which allows us to provide and bill for additional full reimbursement from the Medicaid program.
Women Infant Children Nutrition Education Division 2410-4010-4048
Major Expenditures: The Women Infant Children (WIC) personal services total is $341,977.14 with a total of 5.92 FTE which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel. Personal service takes up 82% of the funding that WIC receives.
Major Revenues: The Women Infant Children program receives only Federal dollars through the State each year. The amount budgeted in FY 15/16 is $415,000 as funding for this program is anticipated to remain the same as the previous fiscal year.
Health Promotion Disease and Injury Prevention Division 2410-4010-4049
Major Expenditures: Health Promotion Disease Prevention's personal service total is $287,554.04 with a total of 4.25 FTE which includes an allocated portion of administrative personnel.
Major Revenues: Health Promotion Disease Prevention receives $154,700 in State and Federal funding for their programs. Regional Health Equity Coalition Grant will increase to $165,000 for FY 15/16.
Significant Changes:
Public Health expects to add an additional home visiting nurse to the outreach program through a collaboration with Klamath DHS. This joint effort would allow children and families who are clients of DHS to receive and benefit from the services of the public health nurse home visiting programs. This would be covered by funding provided by DHS.
The development of Coordinated Care Organizations in the state of Oregon continues to provide new opportunities for community partnership. In FY 15/16 the Targeted Case Management (TCM) program for children enrolled in managed coverage under Cascade Health Alliance (CHA) will roll into the CCO global budget. Funds for this portion of the home visiting programs clients will come through the CCO, with the remaining open card clients continuing on a fee-for-service basis with the state.
Another significant change in the Public Health Budget is the reduction of general fund subsidy by 50%.
The department has removed one fund:
Children and Family Prevention Services (2410-4010-4040)
Department: Public Health
Key Issues:
Significant issues facing the Department are the challenges that will be posed by the requirement for all State and local health departments to achieve accreditation in order to continue to be eligible to receive the federal funding which constitutes 90% of the funds provided us by the State. So far the department has successfully completed a Community Health Assessment, and a Community Health Improvement Plan. The department will also be completing an internal strategic plan in August 2015, at which point we will be ready to submit our intent to apply. Following our submission of our intent to apply the department has 18 months to upload all required documentation, which we continue to gather. The department plans to seek funding to apply for accreditation in FY 16/17.
Another looming issue is the status of Federal and State health care reform legislation enactment, and the attendant lack of definition of the role and responsibilities of local public health departments in such a scenario. It is anticipated that clarity will not be provided for several years.
Klamath County, Oregon
2015‐2016 Budget Financial Presentation
4010 Public Health
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Department
HPDIP (4049)
WIC (4048)
EH (4041)
PHEP (4029)
Grand Total
$5,732.13
$2,736.87
$13,143.71
$74,107.87
$64,896.66
$47,380.78
$63,762.41
$271,760.45
$5,732.13
$6,133.73
$57,181.92
$55,078.74
$63,400.17
$55,709.52
$49,228.64
$49,512.29
$341,977.14
$13,757.12
$10,947.48
$13,143.71
$46,155.40
$76,490.26
$79,151.18
$5,364.79
$245,009.94
$40,124.94
$8,210.61
$30,576.22
$56,412.16
$3,139.89
$26,803.08
$90,232.94
$45,600.68
$53,354.87
$44,517.90
$6,684.00
$10,137.40
$415,794.70
$34,392.81
$49,555.52
$4,381.24
$29,590.29
$80,419.05
$29,993.61
$53,354.87
$281,687.40
$9,171.42
$32,842.45
$13,853.56
$2,682.39
$58,549.81
$5,732.13
$6,133.73
$40,545.43
$23,994.89
$76,406.19
$1,691,185.63
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General Ledger
Budget Analysis
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Fiscal Year:
03/19/2015 - 6:11PM
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Oral Yeast Infections (Candidiasis)
What Is Candidiasis?
Candidiasis is a fungal infection on skin or mucous membranes caused by overgrowth of the yeast Candida albicans. When this infection occurs in the mouth or throat, it is called a "thrush." Thrush often causes painless, white patches in the mouth, but it may yield other symptoms.
What Causes Candidiasis?
* Having dry mouth syndrome
AlthoughCandida normally resides in the mouth, if the balance between bacterial and yeasts in the oral environment becomes disturbed,Candida can multiply and cause an infection. This infection more typically occurs in normal newborn babies, the elderly, denture wearers, and in individuals who have weakened immune systems. Other factors that may contribute to the onset of candidiasis include:
* Taking antibiotics
* Using inhaled corticosteroids
*
What Are the Symptoms?
The following are the more common signs and symptoms of candidiasis. However, other conditions may cause similar signs and symptoms, so see your dental professional for evaluation. Signs and symptoms may include but are not limited to:
* White painless patches in the mouth
* Redness or soreness inside the mouth
* Cracking at the corners of the mouth
* Pain or difficulty in swallowing
*
How Is Candidiasis Diagnosed?
After examining your mouth and symptoms, your dental professional may take a scraping of the white patches and examine it under a microscope. The scraping may also be cultured, but becauseCandida is usually found in the mouth, positive identification is not conclusive. Your dental professional will also work to identify what factors may be causing the infection.
How Is it Treated?
Controlling thrush depends on managing the underlying cause of the infection. Keeping your mouth clean is important. Dentures, especially those on the roof of the mouth, are
well-‐suited to harboring yeast. Therefore, they should thoroughly cleaned to remove Candida and taken out and disinfected at bedtime.
Other antifungal medications such as topical rinses, lozenges or pills taken by mouth may be used. Oral fluconazole is a commonly prescribed treatment. If these treatments do not work, a medical consultation may be in order.
"Mouth Sores." Mouth Healthy, American Dental Association.
http://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-‐topics/m/mouth-‐sores Accessed 2013.
"Candidiasis." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Foodborne, Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, January 5, 2012.
http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/candidiasis/Accessed 2013.
"Patient Information Sheet: Oral Yeast Infections (Thrush or Candidiasis)." The American Academy of Oral Medicine, June 1, 2007.
http://www.laudenbach.com/resources/PatienthandoutCandidiasisiSReddingrevMAH61 07.pdf Accessed 2013.
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Betty Gray Middle School Bell Schedule for SY23-24
| 6th Grade | | 7th Grade | | | 8th Grade | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Release Bell (release from study hall/morning intramurals) | 8:50 | Release Bell (release from study hall/morning intramurals) | 8:50 | | Release Bell (release from study hall/morning intramurals) | 8:50 |
| Warning Bell (everyone should be in homeroom by 9:07) | 9:07 | Warning Bell (everyone should be in homeroom by 9:07) | 9:07 | | Warning Bell (everyone should be in homeroom by 9:07) | 9:07 |
| Advisement (9:15am announcements begin) | 9:07 – 9:30 | Advisement (9:15am announcements begin) | 9:07 – 9:25 | | Advisement (9:15am announcements begin) | 9:07 – 9:35 |
| 1st Period 60 mins | 9:35 – 10:35 | 1st Period 50 mins Connections | 9:30 – 10:20 | | 1st Period 60 mins | 9:40 – 10:40 |
| 2nd Period 60 mins | 10:40 – 11:40 | 2nd Period 50 mins Connections | 10:25 – 11:15 | | 2nd Period 90 mins Lunch Period | 10:45 – 12:15 |
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Have you got a blue T-shirt?
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Have you got black jeans?
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Bridgeport Public Schools
45 Lyon Terrace
Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604
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|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| *28 | *29 | 30 | 31 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
| 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
August 21
Teachers First Day
August 21 - 25
Teachers Professional Development
August 28
*First Day for Kindergarten and Grade 9 Only
August 29
*First Day for All Students
September 4
Labor Day - No School
September 15-17
Rosh Hashanah
September 20
One Session - Professional Development
September 25
Yom Kippur
| DECEMBER (16 days) | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| | | | | 1 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
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December 6
One Session - Professional Development
December 22
One Sesssion Day
December 25 -29
Winter Recess
| MARCH ( 20 days) | | | | |
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| 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
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March 6
One Session - Professional Development
March 27
One Session - Professional Development
March 29
Good Friday
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| 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
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June 5
One Session Day - Professional Development
June 10
One Session Day - LAST DAY OF SCHOOL
June 17
Absolute Last Day of School
June 19
Juneteenth
SCHOOL CALENDAR 2023-2024
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October 9 Italian Heritage Day - No School
October 18 One Session - Professional Development
| JANUARY (21 days) | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | T | W | T | F |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| 29 | 30 | 31 | | |
January 1 New Year's Day
January 10 One Session - Professional Development
January 15 Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
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|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
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| 29 | 30 | | |
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Eid-al-Fitr - No School
April 15 -19 Spring Recess
April 24 & 25 Gr. K-12 Report Card Conferences
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Last Day for Students (180)
June 10
Last Day for Teachers (186)
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Dr. Carmela M. Levy - David
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| 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
| 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
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| 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
| 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | |
February 7
One Session - Professional Development
February 15 -16 & 19 President's Day Weekend
February 21
One Session - Professional Development
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | T | W | T | F |
| | | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 |
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One Session Day - Professional Development
May 27
Memorial Day
*
First Day of School
Professional Development /PD Day
One Session Day
Holiday: Schools Not In Session
R
Report Card Conference
Holiday Acknowledged: School Is In Session
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Sub-‐region: East Africa
General statistics
Size of country: 236,040 km²
Size of protected areas / percentage protected area coverage: 8%
(Sub)species
Rothschild's giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi)
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List (IUCN 2012):
Giraffa camelopardalis (as a species) – Least Concern
Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi – Endangered
In the Republic of Uganda:
In the Republic of Uganda (referred to as Uganda in this report), giraffe are protected under the Game (Preservation and Control) Act of 1959 (Chapter 198). Giraffe are listed under Part A of the First Schedule of the Act as animals that may not be hunted or captured in Uganda.
Issues/threats
Uganda is home to the Rothschild's giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi), one of the most imperilled giraffe (sub)species remaining in the wild. Illegal hunting, agricultural expansion, human encroachment, and habitat degradation, fragmentation and destruction have led to the extirpation of Rothschild's giraffe from almost all of its former range (GCF 2013; USAID 2011; Fennessy & Brenneman 2010; Sidney 1965). Only a few small and isolated populations of Rothschild's giraffe remain in Uganda (and Kenya), all of which are now confined to national parks and other protected areas (GCF 2013; Fennessy & Brenneman 2010).
In the 1960s, wildlife numbers and diversity in Uganda was high, roaming freely both inside and outside of protected areas in the country (Rwetsiba & Nuwamanya 2010; Olupot et al. 2009; Rwetsiba & Wanyama 2005). The breakdown of rule and law in the country during the 1970s and early 1980s resulted in large-‐ scale illegal hunting for bush meat by starving local people and soldiers, causing a significant decease of wildlife numbers, including giraffe (Rwetsibaet al. 2012; Smith 2012; Rwetsiba & Nuwamanya 2010).
Country Profile
Republic of Uganda
Giraffe Conservation Status Report
Northern Uganda has experienced ongoing conflict between Uganda Government forces, the Uganda Peoples Defence Forces (UPDF) and the Lords Resistance Army (LRA) since 1986 (Nampindo et al. 2005). Nevertheless, protected area management has improved since the late 1980s, and numbers of most wildlife species in Kidepo Valley and Murchison Falls National Parks have since increased steadily (Smith 2012; Rwetsiba et al. 2010; Lepp 2008; Rwetsiba 2005). However, protected areas in the region still face several problems related to anthropogenic influences, including large-‐scale landscape changes (USAID 2011; Nampindoet al. 2005).
Illegal hunting for the bush meat trade (frequently by using snares) as a result of food insecurity and for cultural reasons, remains rampant and limited manpower and resources are available to conduct anti-‐ poaching patrols (MTWA 2012; USAID 2011; Olupot et al. 2009; Nampindo et al. 2005). Giraffe are predominantly hunted for medicinal purposes, their meat, coats and their tail hair (Brennemanet al. 2009).
National parks in Uganda are increasingly being encroached upon by neighbouring communities and their agricultural developments (MTWA 2012; USAID 2011). Widespread, frequent, and severe human-‐wildlife conflicts occurs around both Kidepo Valley and Murchison Falls National Park as a result of wildlife movements from inside these protected areas into the surrounding agricultural and pasture lands (USAID 2011). Crop raiding cases are regularly reported by communities neighbouring these parks and along with other forms of human-‐wildlife conflict are two of the key drivers of illegal hunting (MTWA 2012; Olupotet al. 2009). An increasing number of incidences of human-‐wildlife conflict can be expected as a direct result of the high human population growth rate around protected areas (USAID 2011).
Recent oil and gas exploration have shown substantial commercial quantities within Murchison Falls National Park and the adjoining areas (USAID 2011). Oil sector development has already resulted in destruction of wildlife habitat and the two preliminary studies undertaken to assess the impacts of oil exploration activities on large mammals in Murchison Falls National Park found giraffe to be one of the mammal species most negatively affected (Ayebare 2011; Prinslooet al. 2011; USAID 2011). The results of these studies suggested indirect habitat loss at different temporal and spatial scales as giraffe showed increased habitat avoidance around the exploration activities (Ayebare 2011).
Estimate population abundance and trends
Historic
The historic distribution of Rothschild's giraffe ranged from the Rift Valley of central-‐west Kenya across Uganda to the Nile River and northwards into South Sudan (Dagg & Foster 1976).
In the early 1960s, Dagg (1962) estimated Rothschild's giraffe in Uganda at 1,130 individuals. In contrast, Rwetsiba (2005) reported that Rothschild's giraffe in Uganda numbered approximately 2,500 in the 1960s. By the early 1980s, the population had decreased to an estimated 350 individuals (Rwetsiba 2005).
It is important to note that although Dagg (1962) referred toG. c. cotonni andG. c. rothschildi,G. c. cotonni has been subsumed intoG. c. rothschildi (Dagg 1971) and is now referred to as such.
By the mid to late 1990s East (1999) estimated the total number of Rothschild's giraffe in Uganda at 145 individuals, most of which occurred in Murchison Falls National Park. In contrast to this, Rwetsiba (2005) estimated Uganda's giraffe population to number 250 individuals at the same time.
In 1968, an aerial survey of the Pian-‐Upe Wildlife Reserve in the Karamoja Region, estimated 899 Rothschild's giraffe in the reserve (Zwick et al. 1998; Lamprey & Michelmore 1996). The population decreased to an estimated 109 giraffe in 1983 (Eltringham & Malpas 1993). In 1995, an aerial survey
estimated the population at only 10 individuals (Lamprey & Michelmore 1996), and a subsequent ground surveys conducted in 1996 recorded a single indirect sighting of the remains of a giraffe that had been dead for several years. No giraffe were recorded during an aerial survey of the reserve in the same year (Lamprey & Michelmore 1996). Anecdotal reports suggested that the giraffe recorded by Lamprey & Michelmore (1996) in 1995 were hunted to extinction (Zwick et al.1998).
In 1967, 157 giraffe were estimated to occur in the Matheniko Wildlife Reserve (Nampindoet al. 2005). By 1983, giraffe had disappeared from the area (Nampindoet al. 2005)
In 1968, 207 giraffe were estimated to occur in the Bokoro Corridor Wildlife Reserve (Nampindo et al. 2005). The population decreased to an estimated 96 individuals in 1983 and only five individuals by 1996 (Lamprey & Michelmore 1996). This was the last time giraffe were reported in the reserve.
Kidepo Valley National Park, located in the Karamoja sub-‐region in the extreme north-‐eastern part of Uganda, formerly supported the country's largest protected Rothschild's giraffe population (East 1999). In the late 1960s to early 1970s there were an estimated 400 giraffe in the park (NEMA 2009; Rwetsiba 2006; Nampindo et al. 2005). The population decreased to an estimated 160 giraffe in 1982 (NEMA 2009; Rwetsiba 2006; Rwetsiba & Wanyama 2005) and by 1995, a mere five individuals remained in the park (East 1999). Three Rothschild's giraffe (one male and two females) were successfully translocated from Kenya's Lake Nakuru National Park to Kidepo Valley National Park in 1997 in an attempt to promote the recovery of the park's giraffe population (Rwetsiba & Wanyama 2005; East 1999; Lamprey & Michelmore 1996).
In the early 1970s the Rothschild's giraffe population in the Murchison Falls Conservation Area, consisting of Murchison Falls National Park and the adjacent wildlife reserves of Bugungu and Karuma in the north-‐ western part of Uganda, was estimated at 150 to 200 individuals (Rwetsiba et al. 2012; NEMA 2009; Rwetsiba 2006). Several aerial sample counts of wildlife in the Conservation Area were conducted in the 1990s. The population decreased to an estimated 78 giraffe in 1991 (Olivier 1991). Sommerlatte & Williamson (1995) estimated the population at 100 individuals, while Lamprey & Michelmore (1996) estimated 153 individuals.
Recent
In 2002, nine Rothschild's giraffe were estimated to remain in the Kidepo Valley Conservation Area (Rwetsiba & Wanyama 2005). In 2005, the first aerial total count of wildlife in the Conservation Area counted 14 giraffe, all of which occurred in the southern parts of Kidepo Valley National Park (Rwetsiba & Wanyama 2005).
By the new millennium, Lamprey (2000) estimated Murchison Falls National Park's giraffe population at 347 giraffe. In 2002, a total aerial count estimated the population at 229 individuals (Rwetsiba et al. 2002). In 2005, sample aerial counts of the Murchison Falls Conservation Area estimated the population at 245 giraffe, all of which were observed in Murchison Falls National Park, north of the Nile River (Rwetsiba & Wanyama 2005). In 2010, aerial sample counts of the Conservation Area estimated the giraffe population at 904 individuals (Rwetsiba & Nuwamanya 2010), however, these results are inaccurate as the analysis and extrapolation were for the whole park rather than the north only where the giraffe inhabit.
According to Rwetsiba (2005) and USAID (2011), Uganda's Rothschild's giraffe population was estimated at a total of 240 individuals in 2003. The population increased to an etimated 259 giraffe by 2006 (Rwetsiba 2006).
Current
Kidepo Valley National Park's Rothschild's giraffe population are reported to have increased. Vehicle-‐based photographic surveys conducted in July 2015 revealed a total minimum of 25 confirmed unique individuals throughout the Park (Bryant, Fennessy & Brown 2015), and ongoing surveys estimate a population between 31 and 35 individuals (A. Rwetsiba pers. comm.).
In 2012, aerial sample counts of wildlife in the Murchison Falls Conservation Area estimated the Rothschild's giraffe population at 757 individuals, all of which reside north of the Nile River in the Murchison Falls National Park (Rwetsibaet al. 2012). Rwetsibaet al. 2012 further reported that the giraffe in Murchison Falls National Park seem to be increasing steadily. Recent vehicle-‐based photographic capture-‐recapture surveys were conducted at four-‐month intervals between July 2014 and December 2015 as the first step in a long term monitoring and research programme of the Murchison Falls populations. Preliminary results from these surveys corroborate the increasing population trends and suggest that the current Rothschild's giraffe population may exceed 1,200 adults and subadults (M. Brown pers. comm.).
Additionally, the Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) has recently undertaken two successful giraffe translocation operations within Uganda to create separate giraffe populations and increase their range. In July 2015, UWA translocated fifteen individual giraffe from Murchison Falls National Park to Lake Mburo National Park in southwest Uganda and in January 2016, supported by GCF through their World Giraffe Day fundraiser 'Operation Twiga', 17 individual giraffe were translocated across the Nile to the southern side of Murchison Falls National Park.
In summary, current Rothschild's giraffe numbers for Uganda are estimated at approximately 1,300 individuals, of which approximately 1,250 occur in Murchison Falls National Park (17 of these on the southern bank of the River Nile), approximately 32 in Kidepo Valley National Park and 15 in Lake Mburo National Park.
Future Conservation Management
The following are proposed conservation management options for giraffe in Uganda:
* Development of National Giraffe Strategy for Uganda;
* Identification of priority conservation efforts for giraffe conservation, specifically for the viable remaining population in Murchison Falls National Park and Kidepo Valley National Park;
* Continuation of robust and systematic population monitoring programme;
* Development of scientifically rigorous assessments of giraffe habitat use in Uganda; and
* Support to dedicated giraffe conservation, translocation, habitat protection, education and awareness initiatives (government, NGO and academic).
Acknowledgements
This study was financially supported by the Giraffe Conservation Foundation, the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund and Blank Park Zoo.
References
Ayebare, S. 2011. Influence of industrial activities on the spatial distribution of wildlife in Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda. Dissertations and Master's Theses from the University of Rhode Island. Paper AAI1491614.
Brenneman, R.A., Bagine, R.K., Brown, D.M., Ndetei, R. & Louis Jr, E.E. 2009. Implications of closed ecosystem conservation management: the decline of Rothschild's giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi) in Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya.African Journal of Ecology47: 711-‐719.
Bryant, A., Fennessy, J. and Brown, M. 2015. Kidepo Valley National Park Giraffe Conservation Survey Report. Giraffid, IUCN SSC Giraffe & Okapi Specialist Group newsletter.
Dagg, A.I. 1962.The distribution of the giraffe in Africa. School of Graduate Studies, University of Waterloo,
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Dagg, A.I. 1971.Giraffa camelopardalis. Mamallian species 5: 1-‐8.
Dagg, A.I. & Foster, J.B. 1976. The Giraffe: Its Biology, Behavior and Ecology. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company, Inc., Malabar, FL.
East, R. 1999. African Antelope Database 1998. IUCN/SSC Antelope Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switserland and Cambridge, UK.
Eltringham, S.K. & Malpas, R.C. 1993. The conservation status of Uganda's Game and Forest Reserves in 1982 and 1983.Afrcan Journal of Ecology 31: 91-‐105.
Fennessy, J. & Brenneman, R. 2010.Giraffa camelopardalis ssp. rothschildi. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. www.iucnredlist.org (Downloaded on 08 July 2013).
GCF 2013. Rothschild's giraffe joins list of species threatened by extinction. Giraffe Conservation Foundation. Giraffa 4(1): 2.
Hellmann, R.A. 1989.Wildlife conservation in Uganda in relation to economic development. State University College publication, Brockport, New York.
Lamprey, R.H. & Michelmore F. 1996.Surveys of Protected Areas, Phase I and Phase II. Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities, Kampala, Uganda.
Lamprey, R.H. 2000.Aerial Counts of Wildlife in Queen Elizabeth National Park and Murchison Falls National Park, 1999-‐2000. Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala.
Lepp, A. 2008. Attitudes towards initial tourism development in a community with no prior tourism experience: The case of Bigodi, Uganda.Journal of Sustainable Tourism 16(1): 5-‐22.
MTWA. 2012. Annual Performance Report FY 2011/12. Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities. Kampala, Uganda.
Nampindo, S. Phillips, G.P. & Plumptre, A. 2005. The impact of conflict in northern Uganda on the environment and natural resource management. Wildlife Conservation Society & United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
NEMA. 2009. Uganda: Atlas of our changing environment. National Environment Management Authority, Uganda.
Olivier, R.C.D. 1991. Aerial total counts of elephants in Uganda National Parks, March-‐April 1991. Unpublished Report to Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Olupot, W., McNeilage, J. & Plumptre, A.J. 2009. An analysis of socioeconomics of bushmeat hunting at major hunting sites in Uganda. Wildlife Conservation Society Working Paper No. 38.
Prinsloo, S., Mulondo, P., Mugiru, G. & Plumptre, A.J. 2011. Measuring responses of wildlife to oil operations in Murchison Falls National Park. Wildlife Conservation Society and Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Rwetsiba, A., Lamprey, R.H., Aleper, D. & Tumwesigye, C. 2002.Aerial total counts in Queen Elizabeth and Murchison Falls National Parks. Monitoring and Research Unit, Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Rwetsiba, A. 2005. Wildlife population trends in Uganda, 1960 – 2005. Monitoring and Research Unit, Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Rwetsiba, A. & Wanyama, F. 2005. Aerial surveys of medium – large mammals in Kidepo Valley and Murchison Falls Conservation Areas. Monitoring and Research Unit, Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Rwetsiba, A. 2006. Aerial sample counts of medium – large mammals in Lake Mburo Conservation Area, Uganda. Monitoring and Research Unit, Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Rwetsiba, A. & Nuwamanya, E. 2010. Aerial surveys of Murchison Falls Protected Area, Uganda, March 2010.Pachyderm47: 118-‐123.
Rwetsiba, A., Wanyama, F., Kisame, F. & Owoyesigire, G. 2012.Aerial survey of medium – large mammals in Murchison Falls Conservation Area.Draft Report. Ecological Monitoring and Research Unit, Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Sidney, J. 1965. The past and present distribution of some African ungulates.Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 30.
Sommerlatte, M. & Williamson, D. 1995. Aerial Survey of the Murchison Falls National Park, the Karuma Game Reserve and the Bugungu Game Reserve, April 1995. Report to Murchison Falls National Park Rehabilitation Project, GTZ, Kampala, Uganda.
Smith, H. 2012. The overlap between conservation and development organisations in the Albertine Rift, Western Uganda. The Poverty and Conservtion Learning Group Discussion Paper No. 07.
USAID 2011. Uganda environmental threats and opportunities assessment. Prepared by International Resources Group for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Washington DC, USA.
Zwick, K.L., Sivell, D. Bamlett, R. Devon, I, Lloyd, J. MacGregor, H. & Stewart, L. 1998. Pian-‐Upe Wildlife Reserve: Biological and socio-‐economic survey. Frontier-‐Uganda Wildlife Protected Areas Project Baseline Surveys Programme Report No. 12. The Society for Environmental Exploration, London & Uganda Wildlife Authority, Kampala, Uganda.
Citation
Marais, A.J., Fennessy, S., Brown M.B. & Fennessy, J. 2016. Country Profile: A rapid assessment of the giraffe conservation status in the Republic of Uganda. Giraffe Conservation Foundation, Windhoek, Namibia.
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Soy sauce waste reuse project
Department of Visual Communication Design, Yuntech.
111th Grade of Project Design
水到麴城 Soysauce Waste Reuse Project
「麴水再利用，讓醬油產業蓬勃的西螺的土地更健康！」
設計一個麴水再利用的友善土地計畫，邀請醬油品牌「御鼎興」與農友共同參與，除了計畫的實踐落實，同時協助醬油老品牌的包裝再造與品牌推廣。
第一步：與醬油廠商「御鼎興」合作
第二步：於嘖嘖募資平台推動企劃
第三步：實踐回饋於農民、醬油廠及贊助者的身上
指導老師 邱顯源
陳鈺婷 / 邱子恩
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Living Environment Syllabus
Semester I
Ms. Gasero, Teacher Mr. Carter-‐Thorpe, Paraprofessional You, Awesome Active Learner
Objectives:
v To learn how to interpret and analyze our world in a scientific way.
v To understand the design and function of the basic mechanisms of life.
v To discover how organisms protect themselves from microscopic invasions.
v To investigate issues within the health care system
v To become familiar with, and comfortable using, scientific language.
Expectations:
v All Staff and Students will engage in respectful, meaningful discourse.
v All opinions will be respected and tolerated provided they are communicated respectfully.
v All Staff and Students will maintain appropriate language and conduct at all times.
v All Students will put forth their best efforts to learn and complete the required work.
v All Staff and Students will work together to create a respectful learning community.
Grading:
Units of Study:
40% Participation/Behavior
30% Classwork/Assignments
10% Homework
Scientific Method
Chemistry/Cell Review
Reproduction/Immunology
Human Health Care Issues
20% Assessments
Regents Review
My most sincere wish is for you to enjoy this class. Learn, question, discover, and above all, have fun in the process. I am always open to suggestions and polite criticisms.
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Tooth-‐Friendly Foods for Kids
A balanced diet helps your child build a healthy body — and that includes strong teeth. It also helps keep little gums in good shape. On the other hand, eating too many sugars and starches can increase your child's risk of tooth decay.
Below are some tips on helping your child make smart food choices:
* Serve your child a variety of healthful foods. Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and milk and dairy products. Also include protein foods, such as lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts.
* Notice when your child eats foods with sugar or starch in them. Sugar is found not only in sweets, but also in fruits, some vegetables, most milk products, and most processed foods—even some that don't taste sweet. Starch is found in breads, crackers, pasta, and many snack foods. The goal is not to cut out all these foods. Instead, aim to choose and use them wisely.
* Serve sugary or starchy foods with a meal rather than by themselves. Since more saliva is released during a meal, it helps wash food particles off the teeth. This reduces the chance for cavities.
* Limit the number of snack times during the day. When your child does snack, offer him or her nutritious foods. Kid-‐pleasing examples include cheese, raw veggies, plain yogurt, or a piece of fruit.
* Read food labels. Avoid foods and drinks with lots of added sugar, such as soft drinks, candy, and other sweets. Also skip the high-‐starch, low-‐nutrition snacks, such as chips.
* Beware of sticky foods, such as chewy candy. These foods are not easily washed away by a drink or saliva. As a result, they have high cavity-‐causing potential.
"Diet and Snacking." American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. http://d27vj430nutdmd.cloudfront.net/17243/64402/64402.5.pdf Accessed 2013.
"Food Groups." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, September 22, 2012. www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/basics/foodgroups.html Accessed 2013.
"Diet and Dental Health." Mouth Healthy, American Dental Association. www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-‐topics/d/diet-‐and-‐dental-‐health Accessed 2013.
"What are 'added sugars?'" United States Department of Agriculture, www.choosemyplate.gov/printpages/WeightManagementCalories/weightmanagement-‐calories.calories.added-‐sugars.PDF Accessed 2013.
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HLAVNÍ NÁDRAŽÍ V PRAZE - NEBOURAT, NAVAZOVAT...! | ADÉLA PŘECECHTĚLOVÁ | 4.SEMESTR - ATO | ATELIÉR CHALUPA & HOLUBCOVÁ | FA ČVUT | LS 2024
KRUHOVÁ VLNA
Základním elementem projektu je propojení Vinohrad s Vrchlického sady, které je vytvořeno kruhovou lávkou. Ta se soustředí kolem Fantovy budovy a zdůrazňuje tímto její důležitost. Na tomto kruhu vzniká nové zahradní město s nabídkou administrativních budov a bytů s výhledem přímo na Hlavní nádraží. Novou odbavovací halu zahrnuji obchodní stavbou, která se stává propojkou mezi sady a úrovní Fantova náměstí. Tato struktura poskytně zázemí pro obchody momentálně se nacházející v NOH. Zakládám Wilsonův bulvár se stromořadím a tramvají a vymezuji náměstí opery. Pokládám magistrálu ke křižovatce U Bulhara, eliminuji sociálně nekontrolovatelné prostory. Poskytuji péči Vrchlického sadům, kde odstraňuji nepřehledné prostory pomocí nové zástavby a zachovávám stávající stromy. Magistálu přetrasovávám na ulici Legerovu ve 2 pruzích v každém směru. Barevností projektu se snažím propojit Fantovu budovu a budovu NOH použitím barev pro tyto stavby charakteristických.
Koncept
The proposed development will be located on the site of the former London Road Goods Yard, which was closed in 1986 and has been derelict since then. The site is currently owned by Network Rail and is adjacent to the existing London Road station. The development will include a mix of residential, commercial and leisure uses, with a focus on creating a vibrant and sustainable community. The design will incorporate a range of sustainable features, including green roofs, rainwater harvesting systems and cycle parking facilities. The development will also include a new public realm, with pedestrian and cycle routes connecting the site to the surrounding area.
The project aims to create a vibrant and sustainable urban environment that promotes active transportation, reduces traffic congestion, and enhances the quality of life for residents and visitors alike. The proposed design includes:
1. **Pedestrian and Bicycle Infrastructure**: A network of dedicated lanes and pathways that encourage walking and cycling, reducing reliance on motor vehicles and promoting healthier lifestyles.
2. **Public Transportation**: Integration of efficient public transport systems, including buses and trams, to provide reliable and affordable options for commuters.
3. **Green Spaces**: The inclusion of parks, gardens, and green belts to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the area and provide recreational spaces for the community.
4. **Smart City Technologies**: Implementation of advanced technologies such as smart traffic management systems, energy-efficient lighting, and real-time data analytics to optimize resource use and improve overall efficiency.
5. **Sustainable Building Practices**: Encouragement of eco-friendly construction methods and materials to minimize environmental impact and promote sustainability.
6. **Community Engagement**: Active involvement of local residents in the planning process to ensure that the needs and aspirations of the community are met.
By combining these elements, the project seeks to transform the city into a model of sustainable urban development, where people can live, work, and play in harmony with nature.
The project aims to create a new public space that connects the city center with the historic district, promoting social interaction and cultural exchange. The design includes a mix of pedestrian pathways, green areas, and cultural facilities, all integrated into the existing urban fabric. The project also seeks to enhance the city's identity by incorporating local architectural elements and materials.
The new building will be located on the site of the former hospital, which will be demolished to make way for the new development. The new building will be designed to be energy efficient and sustainable, with a focus on reducing carbon emissions and promoting healthy living.
The new building will feature a range of facilities, including a gym, swimming pool, and a range of treatment rooms. It will also include a range of public spaces, such as a café and a community hub, which will be open to the wider community.
The new building will be designed to be accessible to all, with a range of facilities for people with disabilities. It will also include a range of facilities for people with disabilities, such as a lift and a ramp.
The new building will be designed to be accessible to all, with a range of facilities for people with disabilities. It will also include a range of facilities for people with disabilities, such as a lift and a ramp.
The new building will be designed to be accessible to all, with a range of facilities for people with disabilities. It will also include a range of facilities for people with disabilities, such as a lift and a ramp.
Půdorys úrovně mezaninu, m 1:720
nová odbavovací hala
retail
Vrchlického sady
retail
Půdorys úrovně 1, m 1:720
retail
Půdorys úrovně 2, m 1:720
retail
food court
kavárna
Půdorys úrovně 3-7, m 1:720
Příčný řez, m 1:720
Pohled z Vrchlického sadů, m 1:720
Situace, m 1:2500
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The Weather in Magdalena De Kino
Tuesday, 27 September
| | 15° | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atmospheric Overview | | Partly cloudy | Sunny | Sunny intervals | Clear |
| Wind | | 22 mph E | 16 mph E | 9 mph SE | 6 mph S |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 57 % | 68 % | 35 % | 53 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1015 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1013 hPa | 1011 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4000 m | 3900 m | 3900 m | 3900 m |
| Wednesday, 28 September | | | | | |
| | 32° | Early morning | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 18° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Overview | | Clear | Sunny intervals | Sunny intervals | Cloudy |
| Wind | | 3 mph S | 10 mph E | 12 mph S | 5 mph S |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 70 % | 75 % | 36 % | 47 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1014 hPa | 1015 hPa | 1015 hPa | 1015 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4100 m | 4200 m | 4300 m | 4300 m |
| Thursday, 29 September | | | | | |
| | 34° | Early morning | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 21° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Overview | | Overcast | Cloudy | Sunny intervals | Partly cloudy |
| Wind | | 4 mph NE | 9 mph NE | 5 mph NW | 4 mph N |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0.6 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 56 % | 66 % | 29 % | 39 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1017 hPa | 1018 hPa | 1017 hPa | 1016 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4200 m | 4400 m | 4500 m | 4400 m |
| Friday, 30 September | | | | | |
| | 35° | Early morning | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 19° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Overview | | Clear | Sunny | Sunny intervals | Thunder shower |
| Wind | | 9 mph E | 10 mph E | 4 mph W | 6 mph W |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0.6 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 73 % | 68 % | 33 % | 42 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1018 hPa | 1018 hPa | 1014 hPa | 1015 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4400 m | 4400 m | 4300 m | 4400 m |
1 / 2
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
The Weather in Magdalena De Kino
Saturday, 01 October
| | 21° | | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atmospheric Overview | | Clear | Sunny | Sunny intervals | Clear |
| Wind | | 1 mph E | 6 mph SE | 9 mph W | 7 mph W |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0.1 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 49 % | 61 % | 30 % | 41 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1015 hPa | 1016 hPa | 1013 hPa | 1014 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4300 m | 4300 m | 4300 m | 4300 m |
| Sunday, 02 October | | | | | |
| | 32° | Early morning | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 20° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Overview | | Partly cloudy | Sunny intervals | Sunny intervals | Partly cloudy |
| Wind | | 2 mph E | 6 mph SE | 14 mph SW | 8 mph W |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0.3 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 49 % | 52 % | 36 % | 51 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1014 hPa | 1015 hPa | 1012 hPa | 1012 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4200 m | 4100 m | 4100 m | 4300 m |
| Monday, 03 October | | | | | |
| | 30° | Early morning | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 17° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Overview | | Clear | Sunny | Sunny | Clear |
| Wind | | 4 mph E | 3 mph E | 8 mph W | 4 mph NW |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 57 % | 39 % | 19 % | 32 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1013 hPa | 1012 hPa | 1009 hPa | 1010 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4400 m | 4800 m | 4800 m | 4900 m |
| Tuesday, 04 October | | | | | |
| | 31° | Early morning | Morning | Afternoon | Night |
| | 15° | | | | |
| Atmospheric Overview | | Partly cloudy | Sunny intervals | Sunny | Clear |
| Wind | | 1 mph E | 4 mph E | 7 mph SW | 2 mph NW |
| Rain | | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm | 0 mm |
| Relative Humidity | | 44 % | 28 % | 13 % | 30 % |
| Atmospheric Pressure | | 1010 hPa | 1012 hPa | 1009 hPa | 1010 hPa |
| Snowline | | 4900 m | 4800 m | 4900 m | 5000 m |
2 / 2
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Sample
Pledge of Support
The undersigned, having reviewed and discussed the nine tenets of civility offered through the Sisters Country Civility Project in collaboration with Speak Your Peace, pledge to support and use these tenets and to promote their use throughout Sisters Country. The nine tenets are:
-Pay attention
-Listen
-Be Inclusive
-Don't Gossip
-Show Respect
-Be Agreeable
-Apologize
-Give Constructive Criticism
-Take Responsibility
(Optional: Additionally, we have decided to include a 10th tenet:
__________________________________________, which specifically reflects our core values. We are pleased to include it with the other nine tenets as a part of maintaining our commitment
to respectful communication.)
We support Citizens4Community’s efforts to enhance the quality of life in our community by inviting individuals and organizations to become familiar with these practices. And we gladly join this initiative to encourage respectful communication and build trust.
Dated this day of , 20
Representing: (Business, Organization or Group)
Signature: Printed Name:
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Invitation to an open discussion on the political outcome document of the ICN
Comment Form
Personal information
Organizations: World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF International) and The Non-‐ Communicable Disease Alliance (The NCD Alliance)
March 21 2014
Name: Corinna Hawkes
Organization: WCRF International
Location: London, United Kingdom
Email: [email protected]
Name: Katie Dain
Organization: The NCD Alliance
Location: Geneva, Switzerland
Email: [email protected]
World Cancer Research Fund International is an umbrella organisation that leads a network of cancer charities and has a global reach. The network funds scientific research and updates and interprets the evidence on the relationship of food, nutrition, body weight, physical activity and alcohol to cancer risk. WCRF International advocates the wider implementation of effective policies to prevent cancer and other non-‐communicable diseases.
The NCD Alliance is a unique civil society network of over 2,000 organizations in more than 170 countries focused on raising the profile of non-‐communicable diseases (NCDs) on the global development agenda. Founded in 2009, the NCD Alliance unites five international NGO federations and a network of global and national NGOs, scientific and professional associations, academic and research institutions, private sector entities, and dedicated individuals. The NCD Alliance works closely with key partners, including the World Health Organization and Member States, to catalyze action on NCDs at all levels.
1. Do you have any general comments on the draft political declaration and its vision (paragraphs 1-‐3 of the zero draft)?
While we applaud the inclusion of malnutrition in all its forms, the term "unbalanced diets" is insufficient without also an explicit mention of excess energy intake.
Under paragraph 2, the bullet point on obesity is misleading in the way it is written. As it is written it could be understood that rising NCDs are causing a rise in obesity. We recommend changing the sentence to: "obesity in children and adults has been going up quickly all over the world, as has the incidence of diet-‐related non-‐communicable diseases. " It is also recommended to specifically highlight the burden of NCDs in low-‐ and middle-‐ income countries, as the assumption that NCDs remain a problem of high-‐income countries remains pervasive.
The following examples of progress under paragraph 2 require data to reinforce the statements:
-‐ "micronutrient deficiencies have not improved…"
-‐ "obesity in children and adults has been going up quickly…"
-‐ "the incidence of non-‐communicable diseases related to diet has been rising rapidly all over the world."
We recommend the following amendments to the examples under paragraph 2:
-‐ change "large socio-‐economic differences" to large socio-‐economicinequalities,and at the end of this bullet point add"and many sections of the population are particularly vulnerable to risk.
2. Do you have any comments on the background and analysis provided in the political declaration (paragraphs 4-‐20 of the zero draft)?
We propose that paragraphs 3 – 21 are reorganized in the following way to improve the flow, focus and clarity of the document.
A vision for global action to end all forms of malnutrition.
3) Reaffirm that the elimination of malnutrition in all its forms is an imperative for ethical, political and economic reasons.
4) Renew the commitments made at the first International Conference on Nutrition and at the World Food Summit, and pledge to increase efforts to support initiatives such as the UN Secretary-‐General's Zero Hunger Challenge.
5) Renew the commitment to reduce the number of children under 5 who are stunted; reduce anaemia in women of reproductive age; reduce low birth weight; halt the increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children under 5; increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months; reduce and maintain the prevalence of wasting in children under 5; as well as halt the rise in obesity and diabetes, as part of the effort to achieve a 25% reduction in NCD mortality by 2025.
6) Recall the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Voluntary Guidelines to support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security; the Global Strategic Framework on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee of Food Security and the commitments of the Political Declaration of the High-‐level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-‐communicable Diseases.
The multiple determinants of malnutrition
7) Recognize that the causes of malnutrition are complex and multidimensional. Determinants include immediate causes (inadequate dietary intake and illness); underlying causes (inadequate access to food in a household; insufficient health services and an unhealthful environment; and inadequate care for children and women) and more distal causes.
8) Food availability, affordability and accessibility remain key determinants of malnutrition in all its forms. The evolution of food (including agricultural) systems -‐-‐ with innovations in production, manufacturing, storage and distribution -‐-‐ has led to enhanced dietary diversity, greater consumption of vegetables and fruit, as well as meat and dairy, in developing countries, although benefits have been uneven. The consumption of processed foods, sugars and fats, particularly saturated and trans-‐fats, as well as salt, have also increased globally, fuelling the global epidemic of NCDs, in particular in low-‐ and middle-‐ income countries. The food system is still unable to provide safe and nutritious food for all and is increasingly challenged to do so, in view of the constraints posed to food production by resource and ecological sustainability concerns, especially climate change.
Reshaping the food system to improve people's nutrition
9) Recognize that food systems – the resources, environment, people, institutions and processes with which food is produced, processed, stored, distributed, prepared and consumed – determine the quantity as well as quality of the food supply in terms of nutritional content, diversity, safety, accessibility and utilization.
10) Reaffirm that agriculture (including livestock), fisheries and potable water are at the basis of food systems, but that the way that food is stored, distributed, processed, retailed, prepared and consumed throughout the food system plays a critical role in the quality and quantity of the food supply as it reaches consumers.
11) Acknowledge that food systems are a critical factor in influencing access to sufficient food, to nutritious foods and to unbalanced diets, by populations at risk of malnutrition in all its forms.
12) Recognize that the food system is influenced by policies and incentives across a wide range of sectors.
13) Acknowledge that food systems should produce more nutritious food, not just more food, and guarantee adequate supply of fruit and vegetables, unsaturated fat and animal source foods while avoiding excess of sugars, saturated and trans-‐fats, salt and, where applicable, excess energy; food systems should enhance nutrition by providing year-‐round access to macro and micronutrients, promoting food safety and balanced diets, and avoiding food
processing that reduces or adversely affects nutrition.
14) Reaffirm that all systems for food production (soil, seeds, land, water, transport) and processing should be sustainably managed to ensure food and nutrition security for all by adopting ecologically sensitive farming practices. Climate change poses a major threat to sustainable food systems, and hence, to food and nutrition security. Good nutrition requires more sustainable, equitable and resilient food systems.
15) Acknowledging that creating consumer demand for sufficient food, nutritious foods and balanced diets is part of the process of creating a healthy food system. Empowering the consumer to make healthy food choices is essential.
16) Further acknowledging that nutrition policy and programme implementation is poorly developed, coordinated and monitored at both national and international levels. Government responsibility for and leadership on nutrition is often partial and fragmented, or even non-‐existent. National nutrition strategies should involve and coordinate all relevant ministries and departments in complementary interventions, supported by the necessary financial, human and other resources.
17) Convinced that food systems, and the policies and incentives which affect them, can play a significant role in alleviating malnutrition in all its forms and related health outcomes. There are opportunities for enhancing nutrition throughout the food system which can support and augment existing efforts to attain better nutrition, such as through the SUN and the Global NCD Action Plan 2013-‐2020, etc. Continued efforts are needed, not only to raise agricultural productivity to meet the dietary energy needs of a growing population, but also to improve access to more nutritious foods to provide other essential nutrients, especially micronutrients, i.e. vitamins and minerals, while curbing the excessive consumption of sugars and saturated fats.
3. Do you have any comments on the commitments proposed in the political declaration? In this connection, do you have any suggestions to contribute to a more technical elaboration to guide action and implementation on these commitments (paragraphs 21-‐23 of the zero draft)?
The currently proposed commitments are insufficiently clear. In order that the commitments add value, we propose the following alternative commitments for the zero draft:
Recognizing that a framework for collective commitment, action and results is needed to reshape the global food system to improve people's nutrition:
1. We declare our commitment to identifying and implementing effective food systems solutions to poor quality diets and malnutrition in all its forms. This should include finding solutions to underweight, stunting, micronutrient deficiencies, overweight/obesity and diet-‐related non-‐communicable diseases, including heart disease, diabetes and some cancers. We consider all of these conditions to be part of malnutrition in all its forms.
2. We commit to establishing cross-‐government and multi-‐sectoral governance structures with the mandate of identifying and encouraging effective food systems solutions to malnutrition. Governments should play a lead role.
3. We commit to improving the opportunities for our populations, especially vulnerable populations, to access safe and nutritious foods. We will identify and remove constraints to an available and affordable supply of nutritious foods so that all populations can access a diverse and healthy diet. Constraints can occur throughout the food system, and may include soil, water and land management, agricultural research, agricultural production, transportation, distribution networks, procurement logistics, transmission of price information and retailing. Focusing on increasing access to nutritious food has co-‐benefits for climate, resilience, and gender.
4. We commit to leveraging local food systems and engaging local populations to support the adoption of sustainable and nutritious diets, including by establishing markets for smallholder and family farmers, developing urban food systems to meet the needs of the local population, leveraging traditional/indigenous crops, and supporting women engaged in local and smallholder food production systems.
5. We commit to reviewing the coherence between national and international policies that influence food systems and the food supply and programmes and policies designed to achieve nutritional outcomes, including those associated with food safety. This will include reviewing bilateral, regional and international trade and investment agreements, investments in agricultural research, and incentives we provide to food processors and retailers. We will address policy incoherence to ensure investments and incentives that provide an enabling environment for the effective implementation of nutrition policies and programmes.
6. We commit to accelerating the implementation of population-‐wide interventions that enable and empower individuals, women and families to make healthy, nutritious food choices, which will create demand for healthy food systems. These should include the measures contained in the WHO Comprehensive implementation plan on maternal, infant and young child nutrition and the WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2013-‐2020, including the implementation of the WHO Set of Recommendations on the Marketing of Food and Non-‐Alcoholic Beverages to Children.
7. We commit to advancing the data revolution in nutrition. Data systems and metrics are needed to monitor progress and drive commitment and accountability for achieving nutrition outcomes, and the relationship between food systems and nutrition. We commit to focusing on creating and improving systems and tools for gathering better and more frequent data, particularly on undernutrition rates, micronutrients, diet quality (including metrics relevant to obesity and non-‐communicable diseases) and local availability and affordability of diverse nutritious foods. Achieving this may require improved data sharing and use between the private and public sectors. Data should also be disaggregated by gender, age, ethnicity, geography and other key targets essential for reaching the most vulnerable and marginalised.
8. We commit to engaging all actors in our efforts to identify and implement effective food system solutions to malnutrition in all its form including civil society. We recognize that engagement with the private sector should be conducted within a clear and transparent framework for engagement which is supported by appropriate rules, regulations and safeguarding against conflicts of interest.
9. We call for food and nutrition security to be included as a standalone goal, with relevant targets and indicators, and mainstreamed in the post-‐2015 development agenda. Food and nutrition security represent the cornerstone for progress on other development fronts such as employment, education, the environment and health and in achieving a
quality future for humankind. The sustainable development goals should strongly complement poverty eradication efforts when it comes to food and nutrition security, and include universal targets on eliminating malnutrition in all its forms.
10. We call for official development assistance, including climate mitigation and adaptation finance, philanthropic transfers and other foreign assistance, to support capacity building in identifying and implementing effective food systems solutions to improve malnutrition in all its forms.
We welcome, as an Annex to this document, the development of a framework for action that will report biennially on its implementation to FAO, WHO and ECOSOC.
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Module 1 (2 nd Edition): Introduction to Urban Ecology Teacher Resource
Hummingbird Species Common to Southern California/Los Angeles Region
| | Anna’s (Year-round) | Allen’s (Year-round) | Costa’s (Migratory) | Rufous (Migratory) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IUCN+ Species Status | Least Concern | Least Concern | Least Concern | Least Concern |
| Rating on Continental Concern Score | 8 out of 20 | 15 out of 20 | 13 out of 20 | 13 out of 20 |
| % decrease or % increase | 2% increase per yr | 83% cumulative decline | slow decline | 2% decline per yr 62% cumulative decline |
| Years Measured | 1966-2014 | 1966-2014 | 1966-2015 | 1966-2014 |
| Estimated Global Population | 5 million | 700,000 | 3 million | 11 million |
| *On 2014 State of the Birds Watch List? | NO | YES | ----- | YES |
| *On 2016 State of North America’s Bird Watch List? | ----- | ----- | NO | ----- |
| Possible reasons for decline | ----- | see below | habitat loss (loss of coastal scrub & Sonoran desert scrub) | see below |
| Possible reasons for increase | widespread backyard feeders; more eucalyptus trees | ----- | ----- | ----- |
+International Union for Conversation of Nature
*lists bird species that are at risk of becoming threatened, endangered, or at risk of extinction without conservation action
Sources:
https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Annas_Hummingbird/lifehistory https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Allens_Hummingbird/lifehistory
https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Costas_Hummingbird/lifehistory https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Rufous_Hummingbird/lifehistory
https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Black-chinned_Hummingbird/lifehistory
Module 1 (2 nd Edition): Introduction to Urban Ecology Teacher Resource
General List of possible causes for declines across hummingbird species and other bird species:
- less precipitation / moisture
- drier conditions / general drying trend (drought)
- overall changes in general climate (climate change)
- use of pesticides in gardens
- less snow melt at higher elevations, leading to lower water levels
- changes in blooming period
- fewer flowers for nectar feeders
- habitat loss
- disturbance from forest fires
- land use changes due to logging and human development
Viability of studying hummingbirds as an indicator species:
- hummingbirds feed on flower nectar, insects, spiders, tree sap, and at hummingbird feeders
- if changes in ecosystems cause a decline in those ecosystem resources, hummingbirds cannot survive
- if we see a general trend in declining hummingbird species, this is a key indicator that something is going on in the ecosystem
- it is important for us to preserve habitats that will provide ample hummingbird flowers for nectar feeders like hummingbirds and insects, as they are also key pollinators
What can we do in our urban areas in Los Angeles (schools, backyards, parks, green spaces)?
- plant hummingbird friendly flowers – see list below
- provide fresh water (hummers love to splash around in a bird bath!)
- maintain a variety of hummingbird-friendly habitats such as a variety of trees, bushes, flowers, etc. to provide feeding, roosting and nesting opportunities
- put up a hummingbird feeder and they will find it! It may take a little while but once they do, they will remember it and return each year to/from their migration. Feeders are a supplemental intervention in the event that flowers are not available.
Hummingbird friendly flowers:
Source: http://www.hummingbirdsociety.org/hummingbird-flowers/
"Hummingbird favorites usually but not always have long, tubular blossoms that are red, orange, yellow or blue, especially blue Salvia species; the shape limits insect access to the nectar inside. Hummers like blossoms with lots of concentrated nectar, preferring sucrose."
See below for photos and description of hummingbird favorites.
Module 1 (2
nd
Edition): Introduction to Urban Ecology
Teacher Resource
http://www.hummingbirdsociety.org/hummingbird-flowers/
| Photo | Family | Common Names | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| An asterisk (*) indicates warm climates. Our personal favorites are underlined. | | | |
| | Abutilon* | Chinese Bell Flower Chinese Lantern Indian Mallow Flowering Maple | Approximately 150 species of broadleaf plants in the mallow family. |
| | Agastache* | Cusick's Giant Hyssop Hummingbird Mint Threadleaf Hyssop | A genus of 9–12 species of aromatic flowering herbaceous perennial plants in the Lamiaceae family. |
| | Aloe* | Aloe Vera | A genus containing about 500 species of flowering succulent plants. |
| | Anisacanthus* | Desert Honeysuckle Flame Anisacanthus | A genus of flowering plants in the bear's breeches family native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. |
| | Aquilegia | Sierra Columbine Crimson Columbine Fragrant Columbine | A genus of about 60-70 species of perennial plants that are found in meadows, woodlands and higher altitudes throughout the Northern Hemisphere. |
| | Caesalpinia* | Bird of Paradise Broadpad Nicker Yellow Peacock | A genus of flowering plants in the legume family with different publications including anywhere from 70 to 165 species. |
Module 1 (2 nd Edition): Introduction to Urban Ecology
Teacher Resource
| | Weeping Bottlebrush Red Bottlebrush | Myrtaceae, all of which are endemic to Australia. |
|---|---|---|
| Chilopsis | Desert Willow | A genus of flowering plant containing a single species, Chilopsis linearis. |
| Fuchsia | Fuchsia | A genus of flowering plants that contains almost 110 recognized species. |
| Hamelia | Firebush | A genus of flowering plants in the coffee family. |
| Justicia | Water Willow Shrimp Plant | A genus of flowering plants native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the Americas, with two species occurring north into temperate zones. |
| Kniphofia | Red Hot Poker Torch Lily Knofflers | A genus of flowering plants that includes 70 or more species native to Africa. |
Module 1 (2 nd Edition): Introduction to Urban Ecology Teacher Resource
| Lonicera | Honeysuckle | There are about 180 species of honeysuckle, 100 of which occur in China; Europe, India and North America, with about 20 native species each. |
|---|---|---|
| Monarda | Bee Balm Oswego Tea Bergamot | A genus of roughly 16 species of flowering plants endemic to North America. |
| Penstemon* | Beard-Tongue | A large genus of North American and East Asian flowering plants with partly tube-shaped, and two- lipped flowers. |
| Salvia* | Sage | The largest genus of plants in the mint family with approximately 700–900 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. |
| Tecoma / Tecomaria | Yellow Trumpetbush | A genus of 14 species of shrubs or small trees in the trumpet vine family. Twelve species are from the Americas, while the other two species are African. |
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Kosmisk Støv
Anja C. Andersen
Dark Cosmology Centre
Niels Bohr Institutet
Københavns Universitet
http://www.dark-cosmology.dk/~anja
(Photos courtesy of S. Amari and B. Keel, see full credits under "Additional Resources.")
Kosmisk baggrund stråling
Hauser & Dwek 2001
Mængden af lys fra stjernerne = mængden af lys fra støvet
Sky Brightness
wavelength (microns)
optisk
starlight
infrarød
cosmic dust
optical and ultraviolet light
far-infrared and submillimetre light
Astronomer arbejder med at undersøge og forstå universet. Arbejdsredskaber er kikkerter, satellitter og computere.
Jordens atmosfæres gennemsigtighed
Transparency of the Earth's atmosphere versus radiation wavelength
Ørnetågen
M16 i synligt lys
M16 i infrarødt lys
Mælkevejen
Interstellar Matter Matters!
The centre of the Milky Way would be a billion times brighter if not for cosmic dust...
esa
www.spacetelescope.org
Kosmisk Støv - ”de hårde fakta”
• Omkring 1/5 af den del af Mælkevejens masse der består af stjerner, planeter og andet ”baryon stof” er i form af gas og støv. Af denne 1/5 er 99% gas og 1% støv.
• Røgpartikler der formentlig består af C, O, Si, Mg, Al, Fe.
The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy that contains our solar system. It is approximately 100,000 light-years in diameter and has a mass of about 1 trillion times that of the Sun. The galaxy is composed of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter, and it is part of a group of galaxies known as the Local Group. The Milky Way is one of the largest galaxies in the Local Group, and it is believed to have formed around 13 billion years ago. The galaxy is still actively forming new stars, and it is thought to have a supermassive black hole at its center. The Milky Way is also home to many other celestial objects, including planets, moons, comets, and asteroids.
Multiwavelength Milky Way
Mælkevejen
GAIA launch
December 2013
Andromeda galaksen
2,4 millioner lysår
Optical
Composite
Infrared & X-rays
Infrared
X-rays
Hubble Ultra Deep Field:
11 døgn eksponeringstid
en tidsmaskine!
Hubble Ultra Deep Field:
Young Galaxies
Ellipticals
Spirals
Irregulars
0 billion 3 billion 6 billion 9 billion 12 billion
approximate age of universe in years
Herschels infrarøde observationer af fjerne galakser
Infrarød
2.6 bn years
10.2 bn years
8.1 bn years
4.7 bn years
6.8 bn years
10.2 bn years
Infrarød
Billions of years in the past
Afterglow Light Pattern 400,000 yrs.
Dark Ages
Development of Galaxies, Planets, etc.
Dark Energy Accelerated Expansion
Inflation
Quantum Fluctuations
1st Stars about 400 million yrs.
Big Bang Expansion 13.7 billion years
Mikrobølge baggrundstårlingen
Forslået af George Gamow i 1946. Tilfældigt opdaget (serendipity) af Arno Penzias og Robert Wilson i 1964. Nobel pris i 1978.
COBE observations
Afterglow Light Pattern 400,000 yrs.
Dark Ages
Development of Galaxies, Planets, etc.
Dark Energy Accelerated Expansion
Inflation
Quantum Fluctuations
1st Stars about 400 million yrs.
Big Bang Expansion 13.7 billion years
ALMA observationer af det første ilt i galaksen MACS1149–JD1, 250 millioner år efter Big Bang
Støvets betydning
hydrogen
The extended molecular atmosphere of Mira as seen by the Cassini spacecraft.
Tomographically recovered images in four spectral bands, obtained by watching the star pass behind Saturn’s rings.
Steward et al. (2016)
ALMA and VLT observations of the cluster lensed dust galaxy at $z=7.4$. Dust mass $4 \times 10^7 M_{\text{sun}}$
NGC 4650A
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