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The 2002 Copa Colsanitas was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Club Campestre El Rancho in Bogotá, Colombia that was part of Tier III of the 2002 WTA Tour. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and ran from 19 February through 25 February 2002. Unseeded wild-card Fabiola Zuluaga won the singles title and earned $27,000.
Finals
Singles
Fabiola Zuluaga defeated Katarina Srebotnik 6â1, 6â4
It was Zuluaga's 1st singles title of the year and the 4th of her career.
Doubles
Virginia Ruano Pascual / Paola Suárez defeated Tina KriÅŸan / Katarina Srebotnik 6â2, 6â1
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Viktor Arsenievich Nikolaev (6 December 1893 â 25 September 1960) was a Russian and soviet geologist and petrologist. He was a specialist on the petrology and deep crustal structure of the Tien Shan region. The so-called "Nikolaev Line" is a fault that separates the northern and central Tien Shan ranges.
Nikolaev was born in Nizhny Novgorod where his father Arseny Ivanovich was a store clerk married to Ekaterina Petrovna. After schooling in Novgorod, he joined the mining institute at St. Petersburg where he studied under E.S. Fedorov, V.V. Nikitin, K.I. Bogdanovich. He then worked on surveys in Pechory and worked on hydrology from 1914. In 1915 he worked in the northern Tien Shan range and he studied the volcanic strata which resulted in his thesis published ten years later. In 1917 he worked with N.G. Kassin surveying along the Murmansk rail line. He graduated in geology in 1918. In 1920 he became a geologist with the Geological Committee and surveyed in Turkestan along with V. N. Weber and D. I. Mushketov. They produced a geological map at the 1:420000 scale. His work on the Zeravshan River helped in irrigation of the Samarkand oasis.
He examined faults in the Tien Shan region and helped in delineating tectonic zones. This separation has been called the "Nikolaev line". He also studied petrological processes and considered theoretical aspects of silicate formation under pressure and involving reactions with water and carbon dioxide.
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äžæ¢æ§ | {
"id": null,
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"url": "https://www.askdoctors.jp/drugs/8947",
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Badgingarra Wind Farm is a wind farm in the locality of Hill River northwest of the town of Badgingarra in Western Australia, about north of Perth. It is owned by APA Group and located immediately north of the older Emu Downs Wind Farm which has the same owner.
Construction of Badgingarra Wind Farm began in November 2017 and it was completed in early 2019. It consists of 37 Siemens wind turbine generators, each generating 3.6 MW of electricity. The turbine hubs are above the ground, and the rotor tips reach . APA Group is also constructing the Badgingarra Solar Farm adjacent to the wind farm to provide 17.5 MW of solar photovoltaic generation.
Badgingarra Wind Farm was officially opened by the Western Australian Energy Minister, Bill Johnston on 2 May 2019. It is connected to the Western Power network North Country region. The output is contracted to Alinta Energy until the end of 2035. The wind farm is expected to generate 500â550 GWh of energy per annum.
Operations
AEMO records begin in January 2019 for the wind farm. The generation table uses AEMO Facility SCADA to obtain generation values for each month.
Note: Asterisk indicates power output was limited during the month.
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Common names: (none).
Macrovipera lebetinus transmediterranea is a viper subspecies endemic to North Africa. Like all other vipers, it is venomous.
Description
This subspecies is not known to exceed in total length (body + tail). It is further distinguished by having only 25 midbody dorsal scale rows, a lower ventral scale count of 150-164 scales, and more fragmented head scales. The color pattern is light gray with 34-41 dark transverse bars which are each 2-3 scales wide.
Geographic range
It is found only in North Africa, where it is restricted to the coastal mountains of Algeria and Tunis. One of the few specific localities where it is known to occur is Djebel Murdjaro near Oran in western Algeria. This subspecies may be sympatric with M. deserti and/or D. mauritanica.
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ãããŒã«ã»ãã³ã©ïŒã·ã£ã«ã«ã»ãã¯ãµïŒRobert Nicolas-Charles Bochsa, 1789幎8æ9æ¥ - 1856幎1æ6æ¥ïŒã¯ã19äžçŽãã©ã³ã¹ã®äœæ²å®¶ã»ããŒãå¥è
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John Henry McMahon (October 15, 1869 â December 30, 1894) was a Major League Baseball first baseman and catcher. He played in 51 games, with a .243 batting average, for the New York Giants of the National League in 1892 and 1893.
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Ivan TomiÄiÄ (born 1 March 1993 in Split) is a Croatian retired football midfielder who was most recently manager of RNK Split.
Club career
Ivan TomiÄiÄ joined Hajduk Split's youth academy in 2007 from the lower tier side Kamen Ivanbegovina. A youth international, he joined the Hajduk senior team in 2012, and was sent to the club's feeder team NK Primorac 1929 in the summer of 2012. In the summer of 2013 Ivan went on loan in HNK Segesta, returning to Hajduk for the second part of the season. TomiÄiÄ spent the 2014/15 season on loans in Italy, at Serie C sides Mantova F.C. and Ischia before returning to Croatia. Following another period at Hajduk's reserve team, TomiÄiÄ was released from his contract and joined second-tier NK Imotski. After a year at the club, TomiÄiÄ returned to the top tier of Croatian football, signing for RNK Split. Following the club's relegation, TomiÄiÄ joined Inter ZapreÅ¡iÄ, but left the club at the winter break. Following some trials abroad, TomiÄiÄ another Prva HNL team, NK RudeÅ¡, in the summer of 2018, on a year-long contract.
Managerial career
TomiÄiÄ replaced Ivan RadeljiÄ as manager of RNK Split in March 2022, only to be relieved of his duties himself in September that same year.
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Cereceda de la Sierra is a municipality in the province of Salamanca, western Spain, part of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. It is located from the city of Salamanca and as of 2016 had a population of 75 people.
The vast majority of the population emigrated to other parts of Spain in the sixties and seventies but used to come back to his native land on summer holidays, most of them have a house in the village.
There is only one bar that agglutinates the shop and pub functions.
The romanic church, Ntra Sra del Rosario, and the Roman bridge called Puente CanterÃa, are the most important examples of the local architecture as well as the typical houses most of them rebuilt by the emigrants in the last twenty years.
There is a school building with a wall court behind to play typical Spanish sport as pelota with a racket or one hand and also to play traditional sport known as calva.
But the most popular game in this village is the tute, a popular card game which is played at the pubs all along the year and the losers occasionally have to paid the drinks that the winners consume as they are playing.
The local amateur football club is formed with the sons and grandsons of the local inhabitants that are proud of their parents and grandparents' land. It used to play a married-single match every year as part of the local summer celebrations.
The Sierra de Francia is the comarca that includes not only Cereceda but many small towns as El Cabaco, La Nava de Francia, Tamames and La Alberca that are typical places to visit on summer and very similar because all of them receive the emigrants that come back home to spend the summer holidays.
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CyprusâIsrael relations refer to the bilateral relations between Cyprus and Israel. Israel has an embassy in Nicosia, while Cyprus has an embassy in Tel Aviv. Both countries are members of the Union for the Mediterranean, United Nations, Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World Trade Organization.
Cyprus and Israel have extensive collaboration on military, cultural, and political matters. The prospect of a joint use of oil and gas fields off Cyprus, as well as EuroAsia Interconnector, now the world's longest subsea electric power cable have also brought the two countries closer together.
History
During and immediately after World War II, Cyprus became a transit point for Jewish Holocaust survivors trying to reach Mandate Palestine. Cyprus was then a British Crown Colony. From 1946 to 1949, an estimated 53,000 Jews were detained by the British in camps on Cyprus.
Today, relations between Cyprus and Israel are strong. Many Cypriots and Israelis refer to them as Cypriot-Israeli brotherhood. In September 2013, the leader of Democratic Rally Averof Neofytou called for supporting Israel as Cyprus's most reliable partner. Israeli President Shimon Peres called Cyprus Israel's most predictable neighbour.
Bilateral relations
In the 1980s and 1990s, Cyprus expressed concern over Israel's then close defense relationship with Turkey. Cyprus outwardly backed the Palestinians in the ArabâIsraeli conflict and officially recognizes Palestine as a de facto state. Cypriot first lady Androulla Vassiliou, wife of President George Vasiliou, was declared persona non grata in Israel when a delegation she was leading attempted to meet with Yasser Arafat, who was then under house arrest.
Relations began to improve in 1993. A number of bilateral agreements were signed and many official visits have taken place including the official State visit by the President of Israel and a reciprocate visit by the President of Cyprus.
In the early 2000s, members of the Cypriot branch of the Greek Orthodox Church were accused of selling church-owned land in the West Bank to Israeli developers.
In 2010, an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) was set within the territorial waters between Israel and Cyprus at the maritime halfway point, a clarification essential for safeguarding Israel's rights to oil and underwater gas reservoirs. The agreement was signed in Nicosia by Israeli Infrastructure Minister Uzi Landau and the Cypriot Foreign Minister Markos Kyprianou. The two countries agreed to cooperate in the development of any cross border resources discovered, and to negotiate an agreement on dividing joint resources.
In February 2012, Netanyahu visited Cyprus, the first visit of an Israeli Prime Minister in history, and the two countries signed a search and rescue agreement. Israeli foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman visited Cyprus at the invitation of his Cypriot counterpart when Netanyahu was in Washington, and Lieberman has met with Cyprus foreign minister Kyprianou several times.
Energy and natural gas
Israeli energy firm Delek Group is seeking to work with Cyprus on natural gas exploration and extraction near the Leviathan gas field off the Israeli coast where Delek is already active. The large oil and gas field, and the opportunities of joint use, have brought the two countries closer together. This however has opened a new source of frictions between both countries and Turkey. Noble Energy, a US company, is also involved in the Leviathan field and this may lead to US government involvement in the gas fields dispute.
Turkey claimed that the Greek-Cypriot government in the southern part of the island did not have the authority to sign deals with Israel which could be detrimental to the Turkish-Cypriot population in Northern Cyprus. The discovery of oil fields in the Mediterranean allowed Turkey Prime Minister Recep Tayyip ErdoÄan to continue his diplomatic confrontation on two fronts: one with Israel, and one with Cyprus.
Cyprus President Dimitris Christofias visited Israel in March 2011 for the first-ever official visit by a Cypriot head of state.
Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism Antonis Paschalides noted however that, despite all the enthusiasm, Cyprus could not ignore Israeli tourism and real estate projects in the island's north, which was under disputed Turkish control.
According to Turkish media reports in September 2011, Israel Air Force fighter planes flew through the airspace of both Cyprus and Northern Cyprus after taking off to face a Turkish seismic research ship in the Eastern Mediterranean. The reports added that Turkey responded by launching two fighters to track the Israeli planes, at which point the Israeli fighter jets returned to Israeli airspace. The Turkish research vessel was seen as a Turkish provocation in the dispute over gas fields. The operation of Israeli planes in Cyprus airspace was interpreted as a further sign of close Israel-Cyprus ties.
ÎÎÎ-Quantum Energy, a Cyprus-based group including Greece's state-controlled power utility Public Power Corporation of Greece (PPC, also known as DEH) is planning to lay the world's longest submarine power cable, linking Israel, Cyprus and Greece. The link, called the EuroAsia Interconnector project, would be the longest in the world. The cable is supposed to pass from Israel via Cyprus and Crete, and from there to mainland Europe notably Italy and Switzerland and from Bulgaria to Serbia.
During his visit in Israel in April 2013 Foreign Minister of Cyprus has expressed his enthusiasm that as Cyprus has financial and economic problems, the energy cooperation agreement between Cyprus and Israel is a bright spot in that will boost hopes for a quick recovery by 2014.
In March 2021, Cyprus said that it had reached an agreement with Israel concerning the gas reserves in their maritime border. The Israeli side said that the two countries have set a framework that might solve the issue.
In May 2023, Cyprus and Israel were working on a deal to create a natural gas pipeline between the two countries, whereas Israeli natural gas would be liquified and exported to Europe. The American energy company Chevron is reportedly interested in the potential pipeline, which would be 320-kilometer (200-mile) in length and estimated to cost 450 million euros ($489 million), while the liquefaction plant would cost 1 billion euros ($1.1 billion). The pipeline would take about two and a half years to build.
Cypriot mediation between Israel and Lebanon
Since the establishment of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Cyprus, Israel and Lebanon, Cyprus has been offering mediation between Lebanon and Israel over their maritime border dispute which was delaying gas and oil exploration of the two countries. General Director of the Department of Energy in Cyprus Solonas Kasinis announced in 2010 from Limassol that Cyprus does anything possible to strengthen cooperation between the three countries not only on the issue of the division of gas and oil reserves but also on military and strategic matters. In an effort to further settle the unstable situation between Israel and Lebanon, Chair President of Cypriot Parliament Yiannakis Omirou visited Lebanese President Michel Suleiman in Beirut to find solution to the disputes.
Tripartite energy memorandum
On August 8, 2013, Greece, Israel and Cyprus signed the tripartite energy memorandum of understanding after the completion of one year negotiation in Nicosia. Negotiations were held between the Energy and Water Resources Minister of Israel Silvan Shalom, the Cypriot minister of agriculture, natural resources and environment Nicos Kouyialis and the Cypriot minister of environment, energy and climate change George Lakkotrypis. The 2,000-mega-watt EuroAsia Interconnector is planned to lift Cyprus and Israel out of energy isolation through cheaper electricity as supported by George Lakkotrypis.
Silvan Shalom announced that the agreement is "historic" and that it demonstrated the powerful relations between the three countries adding that electricity will be exported to the European energy market via cable. The Greek Prime Minister at the time Antonis Samaras proclaimed on 8 August that Israel has a special role to play in supplying Europe with energy resources and supported that it can become a key energy hub.
Civil marriage
Israeli matrimonial law is still based on the Millet system employed in the Ottoman Empire, which was not modified during the British Mandate and remains in force. Marriages in each religious community are under the jurisdiction of its own religious authority. Israeli couples who for any reason are unable or unwilling to contract a religious marriage often opt to get married in neighboring Cyprus, given that civil, interfaith and same-sex marriages entered into abroad are recognised by the Israeli state. Republic of Cyprus is ranked as the first or second destination for Israeli civil wedding, alongside Prague.
State visits to Cyprus
Israel and Cyprus agreed on the middle of February 2011 to launch a joint natural gas and oil exploration venture in their adjoining territorial waters. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Cypriot President Demetris Christofias inked the deal during Netanyahu's visit to Nicosia, which was the first by an Israeli leader ever.
The deal will also allow Israel to use Cyprus' air space and territorial waters for aerial and naval search and rescue drills.
The Prime Minister's Office said that the deal was part of the two nations' efforts to "strengthen the improving ties between the two nations, as well as boost energy security in both countries."
Netanyahu traveled to Cyprus with a mission of 20 high-level government officials, including Energy and Water Minister Uzi Landau and the directors of Israel's National Security and National Economic councils.
In April 2012 Foreign Minister made a three-day visit to Nicosia to discuss the gas-sharing agreement to exploit reserves that fall on the maritime boundary between the two countries. Lieberman later discussed the prospects of further expansion of cooperation between the two countries in the fields of energy, tourism and investment with Commerce and Industry Minister Neoclis Sylikiotis. Lieberman said relations between the two countries are probably at their best stage since the establishment of Cyprus and Israel.
On 2 September 2013 President of the Cypriot House of Representatives Yiannakis Omirou and the Knesset Speaker Yuli-Yoel Edelstein signed a protocol of cooperation between their countries' Parliaments. After the signing of the protocol Yiannakis Omirou expressed his enthusiasm for the setting up of a Cyprus-Israeli Friendship Group in the respective parliaments. Edelstein announced that the signing of the memorandum is a testament to the joint efforts and close cooperation between the two countries and will increase connection in the years to come. On 2 September 2013 the president of Democratic Rally, Averof Neophytou in a press conference in Nicosia characterised Israel as Cyprus' most reliable ally.
Economic relations
The Cypriot media report that the country could receive natural gas from Israel in early 2015, at reduced prices, if discussions on the supply of small quantities are completed by the end of the year, as the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism Neoklis Sylikiotis has announced in a press conference about a visit to Israel by a high-ranking Cypriot delegation. The Cypriot government is seeking an interim energy solution until its own natural gas reserves can be developed. Minister Sylikiotis said that Israel is positive in supplying Cyprus a small quantity of natural gas, 0.5-0.7 billion cubic meters, for electricity production. He added that Cyprus would import Israeli gas in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG) through contracts between Electricity Authority of Cyprus and Israel Electric Corporation (IEC).
Export proposals also include building a pipeline from Israel, Cyprus and finally to Greece or combining the gas from discoveries off Cyprus and Israel at a joint LNG plant as soon as 2018 that will be built in the southern city of Larnaca. Another option suggested by Noble was to build a plant in Jordan to ship the fuel to Asia through the Red Sea.
Cyprus-Israel Business Association
With the cooperation of both Cypriot and Israeli government in 2008 Cyprus-Israel Business Association was formed and is held annually in Nicosia, Cyprus. It headquarters in Cyprus Chamber of Commerce and Industry building and contacts Ministry of Finance of both Israel and Cyprus to coordinate an increase in financial bonds of the two countries. In the annual forum of Cyprus-Israel Business Association speakers from key positions from both countries take part. In September 2011 Chief Executive Officer of the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange Ester Levanon visited Cyprus to present âThe Tel Aviv Stock Exchange as a reflection of the Israeli Economyâ. Other prominent speakers include Ex-Ministers of Commerce and Trade Praxoulla Antoniadou Kyriacou and Antonis Paschalides, the President and the Secretary-General of the Cyprus Chamber of Commerce and Industry Manthos Mavrommatis, the President and the General Manager of the Cyprus Stock Exchange George Koufaris, the Ambassador of Israel Michael Harari and the Ambassador of Belgium Christakis Papavassiliou.
In 2013 Cyprus-Israel Business Association conferences took place in Jerusalem and even though the participants of 100 Israeli companies and the 30 Cypriot firms discuss how to increase cooperation in fields ranging âfrom milk to gas,â the main emphasis was on the Mediterranean natural resource that each of the countries has the potential to export. In May 2013 the President of the Israel-Cyprus Business Association Christakis Papavasilious announced âthe new historic eraâ that Cyprus and Israel are entering together in regards to the economic aspect, and that both countries should rely on each other in order to push forward.
Electricity connection
Electricity connection between Hadera of Israel and Vasilikos in Cyprus is one of the projects that will be funded by the European Union in the framework of the programme Connecting Europe Facility (CEF). According to a press release issued by the European Commission the amount earmarked for the Hadera Israel-Vasilikos Cyprus connection is approximately â¬1.325m. The project is based on an undersea cable for the connection of the electricity systems of Israel, Cyprus and Greece. Its capacity will be 2000 MW and its length approximately 1518 km. It will include three connections: 329 km between Israel and Cyprus, 879 km between Cyprus and Crete and 310 km between Crete and mainland Greece and will allow electricity transmission to both directions.
Military collaboration
In October 2011 Phileleftheros newspaper published a document detailing a military exercise between Israel and Cyprus, which included mid-air refuelling of fighter jets and quick touchdown landings by Israel Air Force combat helicopters in Cyprus.
In 2013 Israel is expecting to receive approval from the Cypriot government to station military jets at the Andreas Papandreou airbase in the city of Paphos, creating the first Israeli military station outside the Israel. It is unknown if the plans include a permanent military presence on the island, with a full-time deployment of airmen.
In April 2013 it was reported that Israel was set to send warships to the eastern Mediterranean for a joint military exercise with the Republic of Cyprus. Cypriot Defense Minister Fotis Fotiou confirmed that the joint exercise, which will include the participation of four or five Israeli warships, would start on 25 April. Fotiou also noted that Cyprus will focus on the security of the eastern Mediterranean region and that of gas companies. On 9 April the Minister of Defence, Fotis Fotiou, met at his office with the Ambassador of Israel Michael Harari. In an official statement after the meeting Michael Harari expressed his view that Israel and Cyprus are determined to strengthen and deepen their relations in all areas in favor of their peoples and the region in general.
In early May 2013 Israel Defence Minister Moshe Ya'alon and Cypriot Defence Minister Fotis Fitiou met in Tel Aviv to set the foundations for a coordinated cooperation in energy security issues. On his return to Cyprus, the Cyprus Defense Minister announced that during his meeting in Tel Aviv, they also decided to set up technical committees to promote the issues examined.
Moshe Ya'alon referred to the strategic relationship between the two countries and their benefit from the natural-gas field that lies between their shores. He added that Israel intends to improve the preparedness of its navy in the Mediterranean to protect the gas facilities of Israel and Cyprus."
On 11 February 2014 between 11am and 1am Israel and Cyprus held a joint military exercise codenamed âOnisilos-Gideonâ in Cypriot FIR and the scheduled drill occurred inside the Nicosia flight information region (FIR). Israeli fighter jets carried out flybys over areas south of Limassol featuring 32 F15 and F16 jets and six more support aircraft of the Israeli Air Force, the exercise included simulated firing at targets on land and sea along the southern coast from Limassol to Paphos.
"Onisilos-Gideon" October 2014
On 21 October 2014 Israel and Cyprus held joint military exercise that included aerial maneuvers by Israeli Air Force fighter jets in Cypriot airspace in collaboration with the Cypriot National Guard. Another part of the military drill took place in Cypriot territorial waters off the island of Crete.
Memorandum of Understanding
On 21 December 2011 Israeli minister of public security, Avi Dichter, with the Cypriot Minister of Interior Eleni Mavrou, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) ensuring the mutual protection and assistance between the two countries in the field of disaster management and civil protection. The MoU provides for collaboration and sharing practices on how to prepare the population for disasters and crises.
Environmental cooperation
A new desalination plant operates in Limassol, launched by the National Water Company Mekorot. The desalination plant has the capacity to produce up to of desalinated potable water daily. At the inauguration of the plant in August 2013, there were present both President of Cyprus Nicos Anastasiades and Israeli Minister of Energy and Water Resources Silvan Shalom.
Cypriot Minister of Agriculture Nicos Kouyalis and Israel Minister of Energy and Water Resources Silvan Shalom met between 24 and 27 August 2013, during which they discussed issues pertaining to water development, management and protection based on the larger framework of the Memorandum of Understanding. There was high level of discussion at a technocratic level which is targeting at the further reinforcement of the cooperation and the exchange of experiences and knowledge, particularly relating to urban waste water treatment and the use of recycled water in agriculture.
Cyprus fires in June 2016
Cyprus on 18 June asked help from Israel after a fire was raging out of control in Argaka and other forest areas close to Evrychou which had approximately burned seventeen square kilometres of wild vegetation, hay and pine forest and could not be brought under control due to strong winds. Israel immediately sent three airtankers on 19 June, and an additional plane carrying 36 cubic meters of firefighting foam flew to the island on 20 June, per the Cypriot government request. Greece, Britain, Italy and France also sent helicopters and planes to aid in the firefighting efforts.
On 20 June Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu before the weekly Cabinet meeting announced he was pleased his country was able to extend assistance to Cyprus in order to put out the fire that broke out near Argaka and recalled that in 2010, during the massive Mount Carmel forest fire, the first person to contact for assistance was the president of Cyprus Demetris Christofias. Cyprus dispatched its only helicopter and plane to assist in the fire-fighting effort.
On 28 June Cyprus President Nicos Anastasiades thanked from his bottom of his heart the prime minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu in their telephone conversation.
Educational collaboration
In June 2016 Cyprus and Israel signed a programme of cooperation in the sectors of culture, education and science, for a period of three years (2016-2019), during an official visit of the Cypriot Minister of Education and Culture Costas Kadis to Israel. Cyprus Minister Costas Kadis visited Israel between 22 and 23 of June, at the invitation of his Israeli counterpart Naftali Bennett. During their meeting both Ministers emphasised the importance of strengthening the cooperation of the two countries in the field of education and especially in higher education. Naftali Benntett accepted the invitation of the Cypriot Minister to visit Cyprus with representatives of Universities and Research Centres of Israel to continue the dialogue and to identify areas of common interest for cooperation in higher education.
Cultural collaboration
With the initiative of Cyprus Ministry of Education a number of exchange programmes have been funded between Israeli and Cypriot students from years 12 to 18. The Israeli Yacht club and Famagusta District Sailing Club organised between 1â4 October 2012 the first "Cyprus-Israel Regatta" during which participants sailed from Larnaca to Tel Aviv. In August 2012 both countries signed a treaty to cooperate in forming a bank that will host the important amount of data which results from the numerous excavations that are conducted in both Israel and Cyprus. On 18 May 2013 Cypriot public was offered the opportunity to experience Israeli culture at the New Theatre Building of THOC in Nicosia through an exclusive series of cultural events and artistic happenings. Those who attended experienced some of Israel's best works of art, including theatre, children's puppet show, films and a photograph exhibition.
Diplomacy
Republic of Cyprus
Tel Aviv (Embassy)
Republic of Israel
Nicosia (Embassy)
High level visits
| {
"id": "32126043",
"title": "CyprusâIsrael relations",
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93Israel%20relations",
"docId": null,
"date": null
} |
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The 1953 Cal Poly Mustangs football team represented California Polytechnic State Collegeânow known as California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispoâas a member of the California Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA) during the 1953 college football season. Led by fourth-year head coach LeRoy Hughes, Cal Poly compiled an overall record of 9â0 with a mark of 5â0 in conference play, winning the CCAA title for the second consecutive season. The team was dominant in every game, scoring 395 points while allowing only 65. The Mustangs played home games at Mustang Stadium in San Luis Obispo, California.
Schedule
Team players in the NFL
The following were selected in the 1954 NFL Draft.
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The Elizabeth River is a tidal estuary forming an arm of Hampton Roads harbor at the southern end of Chesapeake Bay in southeast Virginia in the United States. It is located along the southern side of the mouth of the James River, between the cities of Portsmouth, Norfolk, and Chesapeake. Forming the core of the Hampton Roads harbor, it is heavily supported by its tributaries which depend upon it.
Through its Southern Branch and the Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal, the Elizabeth River also is a gateway to points to the south for the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, an inland path from the ocean providing a more sheltered navigable waterway to Florida for commercial and recreational boating.
History
The Elizabeth River was named by the Jamestown colonists in the early 17th century for Princess Elizabeth Stuart, She was the daughter of King James I of England and a sister of the later King Charles I, and his older brother, Henry Frederick, the ill-fated heir-apparent to the throne who died of typhoid fever as a teenager.
When the settlers aboard the three tiny ships of Captain Christopher Newport's 1607 voyage first discovered the great harbor of Hampton Roads a few days after reaching land at Cape Henry, they were seeking a pathway to the west to reach the "Great Indies" and soon sailed upriver along the largest and most likely westerly river, which they named the James (for their king), passing by the areas closest to the ocean as they sought a protected haven from other European forces such as the Spanish. Their settlement inland at Jamestown was flawed in many other ways, but did meet the requirement of providing protection. Settlement along the Elizabeth River came a few years later.
During the U.S. Revolutionary War, Lord Dunmore and the British Royal Army sailed up the Elizabeth River and landed in Norfolk. The British Royal Army and the U.S. Continental Army then engaged at the Battle of Great Bridge on December 9, 1775. Upon British defeat, Lord Dunmore and his army withdrew onto four ships of the British Royal Navy, the Dunmore, the Liverpool, the Otter, and the Kingfisher. Under the command of Lord Dunmore, these ships patrolled along Norfolk's Elizabeth River waterfront and on New Year's Day 1776, began shelling Norfolk in what would later become known as the Burning of Norfolk.
During the War of 1812, two harbor fortifications located on opposite banks of the Elizabeth River were occupied to prevent the British from attacking Norfolk or Portsmouth. These defensive positions were Fort Norfolk, located on the eastern bank in Norfolk, and Fort Nelson, located on the western bank in Portsmouth. Neither of these forts saw action during the War of 1812. However, the men stationed at Fort Norfolk reinforced Craney Island, located at the mouth of the Elizabeth River, and took part in the Battle of Craney Island.
Geography
The main branch of the estuary is approximately long and is wide at its mouth. It is formed by three primary branches, all tidal, known as the Eastern, Southern, and Western branches of the Elizabeth River, extending into neighboring communities. The Western and Southern branches are partially fed by tributaries that originate within the Great Dismal Swamp.
Importance and use
The Elizabeth River estuary and its tributaries provide significant military and commercial port facilities for Norfolk and Portsmouth, as well as a third major city, Chesapeake, which was formed by the voluntary political consolidation in 1963 of the small independent city of South Norfolk with much larger Norfolk County, which had long surrounded the other two large and expanding cities. The three cities surround the Elizabeth River and most of the area served by its three main branches. The Elizabeth River is the home of the oldest shipyard in the United States, the Norfolk Naval Shipyard. Founded as The Gosport Shipyard in 1767, the shipyard is still in use today having survived both the American Revolutionary and Civil wars and fires set to the shipyard within each conflict.
The river and its branches provide for both commerce and recreation activities. The Intracoastal Waterway connects to the greater Hampton Roads area through the Elizabeth River. They are of great importance to both commerce and the U.S. military considerations.
Environmental concerns
The Elizabeth River is a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay and faces significant environmental pollution challenges of its own that also hamper recovery in the Bay. The Elizabeth River's history with various industrial sites, such as dry docks, Norfolk Naval Shipyard, processing plants, and both sewage and storm water discharge contributed over time to the declining health of the river. In 1983, the EPA mentions
the Elizabeth River was singled out as one of the most highly polluted bodies of water in the entire Bay watershed and as of 2011 remains one of the most polluted rivers on the United States east coast. Sediment contamination has made "toxic hot spots" within the Elizabeth River. Notably, the Southern Branch of the river at Money Point had become a 35-acre biological dead-zone with a nearly entirely lifeless river floor. Creosote (high in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) from dumping and a major fire in 1963 played a major role in contaminating the river sediment there, which in some areas were as much as five feet thick.
The Commonwealth of Virginia entered into an agreement in 1995 after the Chesapeake Bay Program identified the Elizabeth River system as a "Region of Concern" in 1993. By 2003 a report entitled "State of the River 2003" by the Elizabeth River Project had been published, highlighting the sediment contamination in the Southern Branch along with other toxins including those causing cancer in some fish after a monitoring the river between 1999 and 2001. Efforts began in the 1990s and by 2003 bald eagles were returned to the watershed. 2008 saw the 3rd State Of The Elizabeth River report, prepared for the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, which finally provided data that most of the river was not suitable for swimming. At the same time, the report showed the most positive trends for improving levels of nutrients in Virginia compared to other areas of the Chesapeake Bay. In 2009, a pilot area was dredged at Money Point, replaced with clean sand, and restored with vegetation and artificial oyster reefs and in 2010 at least 17 species of fish and shellfish were found in the former toxic site where barely any life existed previously.
In 2011, dredging of the toxic sediment began, near Money Point as part of a larger initiative to help restore the Elizabeth River. Industries along the river are also voluntarily playing their part in restoring wetlands and oyster reefs in one of the largest restoration projects on the Chesapeake Bay.
Crossings
Shipping has always been in competition with land-based transportation for crossings. Both activities are vital to the region.
Motor vehicles cross the main portion of the river using the Downtown Tunnel and the Midtown Tunnel. There are many other highway and railroad bridge crossings of the Eastern, Southern, and Western branches of the river of various ages and capacities, often with draw spans. The city of Chesapeake, with crossings of all three branches of the river by both railroads and highways of every type, and both bascule and swing-type draw spans, has the greatest number to contend with. In Chesapeake, the legal ownership and maintenance responsibilities are divided among the city, VDOT, and the railroads. In November 2012, the South Norfolk Jordan Bridge (SNJB) opened, a public-private partnership that allows the builder to toll for 50 years. The Bridge connects to Elm Avenue in Portsmouth and to Poindexter Street in Chesapeake. The bridge has no toll booths and relies on VDOT EZ-Pass transponders for payment or sends bills based on photography of license plates.
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Ahlem Belhadj (1964 â 11 March 2023) was a Tunisian psychiatrist and women's rights campaigner. Serving at various times as president, chair, and director of the Tunisian Association of Democratic Women (ATFD), Belhadj campaigned for better treatment of women in Tunisia. She successfully fought for the right of women and children to apply for passports without permission of their husband or father. Belhadj led a march of thousands of women against President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali during the 2011 Tunisian Revolution. She was the 2012 winner of the Simone de Beauvoir Prize and placed 18th on Foreign Policys 2012 list of global thinkers.
Early life
Belhadj grew up in Korba, one of five siblings. Her father was a teacher and mayor of the town for 20 years. A keen athlete, she won many school prizes and competed for the Korba and Stade Nabeulien teams as well as the national team in the long jump and 100m. Belhadj studied medicine at the Medicine School of Tunis where she decided to become a child psychiatrist.
Belhadj worked at the child and adolescent psychiatry department, Mongi Slim Hospital, University of Tunis El Manar. Ahlem performed research in autism, genetics, early intervention, and family intervention. Her second field of interest was the evaluation and psychotherapy of child psychotraumatism.
Later, she became interested in politics. She took part in her first political march on 8 March 1983 (International Women's Day) and there met her future husband Brik Zoghlami, a lawyer who was in a Marxist revolutionary group.
Belhadj was married in 1993 and had two children. Her husband was forced to work in France due to the regime issuing an arrest warrant against him; he later served eight months in prison.
Tunisian Association of Democratic Women
In 2004, Belhadj became president of the Tunisian Association of Democratic Women (ATFD). She continued to practice medicine and specialized in child psychiatry.
Belhadj was chair of the ATFD from 2011 to 2013 and campaigned for gender and social equality. Her interest in revolutionary politics began after enrolling in medicine school in Tunisia back in the 80's, when she participated in movements against Ben Ali's system, specially by defending women's rights and her freedom. During the Jasmine Revolution of 2011 she led marches of thousands of women against President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali; the revolution later led to the fall of Ali and Tunisia's first-ever democratic elections.
Belhadj campaigned for new laws to be put in place against domestic violence. In 2015 amendments that she campaigned for brought about the freedom of women and children to apply for their own passports; previously they had to have the permission of their husband or father. She was director of the ATFD by 2014. After elections that brought Islamist parties into power, Belhadj became concerned about the resurgence of conservative Islamist policies. She also complained of the disruption of ATFD meetings by government officials in the name of preserving "moral values".
Described as the "Arab Spring's Tunisian Heroine", she won the Simone de Beauvoir Prize and placed 18th on Foreign Policys 2012 list of global thinkers.
Belhadj died on 11 March 2023, at age 59.
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This list of fictional plants describes invented plants that appear in works of fiction.
In fiction
Audrey Jr.: a man-eating plant in the 1960 film The Little Shop of Horrors
Audrey II: a singing, fast-talking alien plant with a taste for human blood in the stage show Little Shop of Horrors and the 1986 film of the same name
Bat-thorn: a plant, similar to wolfsbane, offering protection against vampires in Mark of the Vampire.
Biollante: a monster plant of very large proportions in the movie Godzilla vs Biollante.
Bush of many uses: a bush native to Vergon 6 in Futurama.
Cactacae: sentient races of cactus people from China Miéville's Bas-Lag series (unlike the real xerophyte family Cactaceae).
Dyson tree: a hypothetical genetically-engineered plant (perhaps resembling a tree) capable of growing on a comet, suggested by the physicist Freeman Dyson
Flower of Life: a flower featured in some anime series: The Super Dimension Cavalry Southern Cross, Robotech or Nurse Angel Ririka SOS
G'Quan Eth: plant indigenous to the Narn homeworld, used as incense in religious ceremonies from Babylon 5 TV series. It is ritually burned as incense, and its seeds are a narcotic for Centauri when dropped in alcohol. The G'Quan Eth plant is "difficult to grow, expensive to transport, very expensive to own." Whether it affects other species in this way when in alcohol is not clear, but we know that Narn don't seem to use it as a recreational drug (Londo chides G'Kar for Narns "It's a shame you Narns waste them, burning them as incense") and that it is illegal to possess on B5 except in religious contexts. The plant is presumably named after Narn spiritual leader G'Quan.
Inkvine: a creeping plant frequently used to whip in the slave cribs in the Dune universe
Integral Trees: enormous trees from the science-fiction novel The Integral Trees by Larry Niven. They are 100 kilometers long and have a leafy "tuft" at each end oriented in opposite directions forming an â«, the integral symbol.
Kite-Eating Tree: a tree featured in the comic strip Peanuts
Krynoid: extraterrestrial carnivorous plant in episode "The Seeds of Doom" from Doctor Who TV series
Mariphasa lupina lumina (Wolf Flower): an extremely rare selenotropic, phosphorescent plant found only in the mountains of Tibet from the movie Werewolf of LondonPlant Men of Barsoom: a race of humanoid plants from the Martian novels of Edgar Rice BurroughsRe-annual plants: plants in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series which, due to a rare 4-dimensional twist in their genetic structure, flower and grow before their seed germinates.Red weed: a red plant from Mars brought to Earth possibly accidentally by the invading Martians in the novel The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells.Sapient pearwood: a rare species of plant in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series. When sapient pearwood is crafted into an item, the product gains a semblance of magical life, and becomes devoted to the owner. Snake vine: an odd-looking vine with dusky, variegated leaves hunkered around a stem that winds a stranglehold around nearby trees, eventually killing them from the Sword of Truth fantasy series by Terry Goodkind. It will bite at nearby creatures, leaving deadly toothlike thorns that burrow into their skin and eventually kill them. There is actually a plant commonly called by this name that is native to Australia. See Snake vineSerenna veriformans: a fictional plant that appears in the novel and movie Jurassic Park. There has never been reported a prehistoric fern genus named Serenna or a veriformans species. The word vermiform usually refers to something that is worm-like, like in Vermiform appendix. In the movie the plant is not a fern but an angiosperm.
Sukebind: fictional flower in the novel Cold Comfort Farm by Stella Gibbons.
Tesla trees: large electrified trees from the planet Hyperion in Hyperion Cantos novels by Dan Simmons. They appear to store up electricity inside their body during certain seasons, releasing all of it in huge arcs of lightning from their crown, burning away all that was growing or walking near them and thus getting fertilizer.
Tree-of-Life: the ancestor of yams, with similar appearance and taste, from Larry Niven's Known Space novels.
Triffids: carnivorous plants which possess a whip-like poisonous sting as well as mobility by three foot-like appendages, from the novel The Day of the Triffids (1951) by John Wyndham. They subsequently appeared in a radio series (BBC, 1960), a motion picture (1962), a TV series (BBC, 1981) and a sequel novel, The Night of the Triffids (2001) by Simon Clark.
In J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth
Aeglos: a plant similar to a gorse, named for the Elvish 'snow-thorn'
Athelas: a healing plant with long leaves (also known as Kingsfoil or asëa aranion)
Elanor: a small star-shaped yellow flower from Tol Eressëa and Lothlórien
Mallorn: a huge tree with green-and-silver leaves turning golden in autumn and remaining so till spring, upon which the Elves of Lothlórien housed
Nimloth: the White Tree of Númenor, a seedling of Celeborn, a seedling of Galathilion, created in the image of Telperion
Niphredil: a small white flower from Doriath and Lothlórien
Pipe-weed: "a strain of the herb nicotiana" (tobacco), varieties mentioned include Longbottom Leaf, Old Toby, Southern Star, grown in the Shire, and Southlinch, from Bree
Oiolairë: an evergreen fragrant tree highly esteemed by the Númenóreans
Simbelmynë: a white flower that grew in Gondolin and Rohan (also known as Evermind and Alfirin)
Valinor, Two Trees of: magic trees that illuminated the Blessed Realm in ancient times
In J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series
Bowtruckle
Leaping toadstool
Gillyweed: seaweed-like plant which, when you eat it, allows you to breathe underwater for a short period of time. You also temporarily grow fins and flippers.
Gurdyroot: resembles a green onion. Basis for a foul-tasting purple infusion brewed by the Lovegoods in order to fend off Gulping Plimpies. Considered not very original by Charles Elliott, depending on a funny name for effect.
Mandrakes: tubers that look like babies when young. Their screams can kill when fully grown. A potion made from mature mandrakes can restore victims who have been petrified. A different kind of mandrake is a real plant. Whilst the mandrake as it appears in the books and films is fictional, J. K. Rowling's description does reflect genuinely held beliefs about the mandrake, in particular, the danger surrounding its screams. This led to the practice of using dogs to collect the mandrake and the blocking of ears during collecting.
The whomping willow: a tree which has club-like branches which can move. The whomping Willow is very hostile in the Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets book; Harry Potter and Ron Weasley crash into it with a car, and are lucky to escape alive. There is a secret passage that leads into the Shrieking Shack, a haunted house, underneath the whomping Willow's roots.
In Brandon Sanderson's Cosmere Series
On the planet Roshar (The Stormlight Archive)
Firemoss: A red-brown moss that, when activated by rubbing between the thumb and forefinger, releases wisps of smoke that create feelings of euphoria when inhaled and is used as a recreational drug. Firemoss is highly addictive, limiting its medicinal use, though it is sometimes used to reduce cranial swelling and offer pain relief.
Knobweed: Like most of the plants found on Rohsar, knobweed has adapted to survive the planet's harsh storms. The reed-like stalk anchors itself directly to stone and the frond found at the top of the stalk has the ability to contract and retreat into the stalk during storms for protection. Knobweed reproduces by releasing fluffy pappuses that carry seeds into the air. The milky white sap found inside knobweed stems is a natural and highly valuable antiseptic used in the field and by established apothecaries.
Prickletac: Prickletac plants are actually colonies of much smaller living buds. As each generation of buds dies it converts to a hard, stony material which the next generation builds upon. Prickletac's reproductive system is based on this oddity â when a 'limb' grows too large it breaks off and falls to the ground, scattering living buds. Also known as Twisted Spine.
Rockbuds: Rockbud is both a general term for several shelled plants on Roshar, including Lavis Polyps, Vinebuds, and Prickletac Shrubs, and the proper name for a specific plant. The true Rockbud plant is a shelled plant containing lengthy tendrils that reach out to lap up water (and occasionally animal blood). The size of fully grown rockbuds depends largely on climate. In colder climates they grow no larger than a human fist, while rockbuds in warm climates can grow to the size of a barrel. Rockbuds are harvested for consumption, limited medicinal uses, and paper making.
Shalebark: A class of stony, fanlike plants often used for decoration and landscaping.
On the planet Nalthis (Warbreaker)
Tears of Edgli: Vibrantly colored flowers that grow only in the temperate T'Telir climate. Highly valuable both economically and magically.
On the planet First of the Sun (Sixth of the Dusk);
Unnamed Telepathic Trees: Many flora and fauna on this planet communicate with a form of natural telepathy. Certain unnamed plants living on the islands that make up the Pantheon send false thoughts of wounded or frightened animals to attract predators, which often fight and leave victims dead near enough to the tree to provide nutrition. These plants are not directly carnivorous.
On the planet Taldain (White Sand Series)
Dorim vines: Dorim vines live under the sand that covers most of Taldain's Dayside continent, reaching down to the water table where they fill themselves with water as a defensive mechanism against predators â the hard shells of many of the continents animals is dissolved by contact with water. Pouring water onto sand draws nearby vines out of the ground.
In Dungeons & Dragons
The role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons has a number of imaginary, according to Charles Elliott "not-very-ingenious", plant species, as well as "a taxonomy of fungal horrors", which Ben Woodard considers eerie not only for their poisonous nature, but because many have the ability to move.
Basidirond: a giant multi-stemmed fungus creature
Hangman tree: a tree that will attempt to strangle anyone who ventures under it
Kelpie: a shape-shifting mass of animate seaweed that can imitate a woman or other creatures, and drowns its victims
Myconid: A "race of [man-sized] sentient fungus creatures", "some of which pack a mean punch", and which have the "ability to spray poisons that can disable their foes".
Oaken defender: an enormous disk-shaped plant that lives in dryad groves and assists in their defense
Obliviax: "memory moss", a black moss that steals memories from intelligent creatures
Phantom fungus: a dangerous subterranean plant that grapples victims with tentacles
Shambling mound: an atrocious plant-like creature, also called a shambler
Shrieker: Ambulatory fungus, which "can be used as cheap alarm systems for Underdark societies, but they possess no combat abilities of their own. The only thing a shrieker can do is shriek". Scott Baird from Screen Rant ranked the man-sized shrieker among the weakest monsters in the game.
Tendriculos: an enormous, savage, sentient plant resembling a huge, tangled shrubbery
Treant: sentient trees with human characteristics that typically protect forests from antagonists
Vegepygmy: a "mold man", a former human transformed by russet mold
Wood woad: a creature resembling big, burly, bestial men made entirely of wood and bark bearing, but without foliage
Yellow musk creeper: a creeping plant that drains the intelligence of its victims, killing them or turning them into "yellow musk zombies" under the plant's control
In Monty Python's Flying Circus
The following plants appear in the David Attenborough sketch of the last Monty Python episode.
Angolan sauntering tree (Amazellus robin ray).
Gambian sidling bush.
Puking Tree of Mozambique.
The Turkish little rude plant.
Walking tree of Dahomey (Quercus nicholas parsonus).
In the 2009 film Avatar
Plants in Pandora have evolved according to the characteristics of their environment, which has an atmosphere that is thicker than on Earth, with higher concentrations of carbon dioxide, xenon and hydrogen sulfide. Gravity is weaker in Pandora, thereby giving rise to gigantism. There is a strong magnetic field, causing plants to develop 'magnetotropism'. A particularly intriguing quality of flora and fauna in Pandora is their ability to communicate with each other. This is explained in the movie as a phenomenon called 'signal transduction', pertaining to how plants perceive a signal and respond to it.
In video games
Video games frequently feature fictional plants as items that can be collected by the player, or occasionally appear as non-player characters.
The Monster Hunter series has multiple fictional flowers and plants that can be gathered by the player character, including nulberries, might seeds, flowferns, and dragonstrike nuts.
The titular plants from the Plants vs. Zombies series, which are used to defeat zombie enemies.
The Legend of Zelda series, plants play a significant role. In many games, bomb flowers allow the player character to explode rocks and obstacles. In Breath of the Wild in particular, the game is full of flowers and herbs that convey different abilities to Link, including the Silent Princess, Princess Zelda's favourite flower. The series also contains the Great Deku Tree, a guardian tree that watches over the forest in multiple games in the franchise.
Broc Flower: a plant in Fallout: New Vegas used as a medical remedy.
Plantera: a flower from the game Terraria which is used to be a two phase bossfight, when it is at 51% health and higher it is in its first phase moving towards the player and firing seeds, but when the player decreases its life to 50% it enters phase two, bursting a mouth with many sharp teeth, spawning biters and spores.
Candypop Bud: a flower found in the video games Pikmin and Pikmin 2.
Chuck the Plant: a plant found in several of LucasArts' games.
Elowan: a race of plant-like creatures in Starflight computer game.
Flowah: A Sunflower With the elements of plant and fire from the game My Singing Monsters. Flowah Makes A "Who Gochu" vocal sound.
Potbelly: Potbelly is a green venus flytrap with the element of plant from the game My Singing Monsters. Potbelly Makes A "Bap" Or "Bah" Vocal Sound.
Flowey: A sentient golden flower who is one of the main antagonists from the game Undertale. Flowey has no soul and in the neutral route Flowey consumes 6 human souls to become Photoshop Flowey, the final boss of that route.
Genesis Trees: trees located in the world of Legaia from the video game Legend of Legaia. They have the power to keep a large area free of the Mist.
Laganaphyllis simnovorii: a carnivorous cow-like plant found in The Sims series of games, commonly known as the Cowplant.
Lunar Tears, from Nier and Nier: Automata, by PlatinumGames.
Nirnroot: Is a very rare plant with strong alchemical properties from The Elder Scrolls series of video games. Appearing as a blueish green plant that emits a constant hum.
Piranha Plants: plants with mouths from the Mario series of video games, often depicted as sentient. It is also a playable character in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.
Wumpa fruits: Collectible fruits from Crash Bandicoot.
Fire Flower another famous flower from Mario series of videogames, used to enable Mario to shoot fire balls.
Supox utricularia: a race of kind, sentient plant creatures from Star Control computer game series.
Xander Root: a plant in Fallout: New Vegas used as a medical remedy.
Sylvari: a race of sapient plant people in the MMO Guild Wars 2, available as a playable race.
In DC comics
The Black Mercy is an extraterrestrial hallucinogenic plant used a weapon by the supervillain Mongul. Mongul first uses it in "For the Man Who Has Everything", a story by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons that was first published in Superman Annual #11 (1985). The story was later adapted into the Justice League Unlimited episode of the same name. Supergirl has an episode called "For the Girl Who Has Everything", where in this version the plant was sent by Kryptonian Non. The story also served as an inspiration for the episode of Krypton, "Mercy", where in this version the plant was put on Lyta-Zod by her son from the future, General Zod. Described in the original story by Mongul as "something between a plant and an intelligent fungus", the Black Mercy attaches itself to its victims in a form of symbiosis, and feeds from the victim's "bio-aura". The organism is telepathic, and reads its victim's heart's desire, giving them a logical simulation and an ending that the victim wants, which the victim experiences an entirely immersive, virtual experience in which their actual surroundings are masked to them. According to Mongul, victims are capable of "shrugging off" the hallucination, though some find the experience too compelling to do so unaided.
The Black Mercy is typically depicted as consisting of dark green, thorned vines that attach themselves to a humanoid victim's upper torso, with a set of pink flowers, each with a long, red, tentacle-like stigma, growing in the center of the victim's chest. When Mongul first uses the Black Mercy on Superman, they burrow through his costume and into his body, able to penetrate his otherwise invulnerable skin because, Wonder Woman senses, they are at least partially magical, which is one of Superman's weaknesses. During his experience with the organism, Superman's breathing appears faint, and his ability to sense the fraudulent nature of the simulation it feeds him and fight it manifests as tears produced by his actual eyes. The Black Mercy can be pulled off a victim by a strong humanoid such as Batman, and Mongul uses special protective gauntlets to handle the plant safely. Superman is not able to awaken from the Black Mercy's simulation without help from Batman, though Oliver Queen and Hal Jordan are both able to do so in a subsequent storyline when they are both trapped by the same plant, as this meant that the two were sharing an illusion and Hal's strength of will caused Oliver to experience what Hal believed was his friend's greatest desire rather than Oliver making the choice himself.
In the video game Injustice 2, Supergirl mentions Black Mercy in pre-battle dialogue with Scarecrow. She states dealing with him is no different than dealing with Black Mercy, causing Scarecrow to ask her what is Black Mercy out of curiosity, causing Supergirl to describe it as an evil space plant.
Characters who have experienced the Black Mercy include:
Superman sees himself on a still-intact Krypton with his biological parents, married to a retired actress named Lyla, and a son named Van.
Batman envisions a life in which his parents were not murdered during his childhood, and he is married to Kathy Kane.
Mongul envisions a life in which he successfully kills Superman, before setting out across the universe, killing all of his enemies, entire populations kneeling before him amid his destruction of countless galaxies.
Green Arrow envisions a life in which he is married to Sandra "Moonday" Hawke, and in addition to their older son Connor, they have a younger son, and a newborn third. When Mongul uses the Black Mercy on him, Green Arrow was caught along with Hal Jordan, with the result that he saw what Hal believed would be his perfect life.
Hal Jordan envisions a life in which his parents and his siblings are present in his life, and Sinestro is a friend who fights by his side as a member of the Green Lantern Corps. When Mongul uses the Black Mercy on him, Jordan was caught in the same illusion as Oliver Queen, which resulted in Jordan creating what he believed would be Queen's perfect life rather than Queen experiencing his own idea of a perfect life, allowing Queen to see through its simulation and thus awaken from it.
In mythology
Aglaophotis: A type of Peony said to be magical
Austras koks: a tree which grows from the start of the Sun's daily journey across the sky in Latvian mythology
Barnacle tree: mythical tree believed in the Middle Ages to have barnacles that opened to reveal geese. The story may have started from goose barnacles growing on driftwood.
Fern flower: a magic plant in Baltic mythology thought to only bloom one night, sought by lovers
Lotus tree: a plant in Greek mythology bearing a fruit that caused a pleasant drowsiness. It may have been real (a type of jujube (perhaps Ziziphus lotus) or the date palm).
Moly: a magic herb in Greek mythology with a black root and white blossoms
Raskovnik: a magic plant in Serbian mythology which can open any lock
Vegetable Lamb of Tartary: a mythical plant supposed by medieval thinkers to explain the existence of cotton
Yggdrasil: the World tree of Norse mythology
Hoaxes
Man-eating plant or Madagascar tree: a fictitious tree in the forests of Madagascar. There are stories of similar trees in the jungles of Mindanao Island in the Philippines. The tree is said to have a gray trunk and animated vine-like stems used to capture and kill humans and other large animals. Comparable plants are mentioned in tall tales and fiction.
Spaghetti tree: a tree from which spaghetti is harvested. It was an April Fool's Day joke launched by the BBC TV programme Panorama in 1957.
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geo | {
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Frivaldszkyola is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.
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The Women's +82.5Â kg powerlifting event at the 2004 Summer Paralympics was competed on 25 September. It was won by Li Rui Fang, representing .
Final round
25 Sept. 2004, 14:30
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The World Day of Prayer is an international ecumenical Christian laywomen's initiative. It is run under the motto âInformed Prayer and Prayerful Action,â and is celebrated annually in over 170 countries on the first Friday in March. The movement aims to bring together women of various races, cultures and traditions in a yearly common Day of Prayer, as well as in closer fellowship, understanding and action throughout the year.
History
The Women's World Day of Prayer started in the US in 1887 when Mary Ellen Fairchild James, wife of Darwin Rush James from Brooklyn, New York, called for a day of prayer for home missions, and Methodist women called for a week of prayer and self-denial for foreign missions. Two years later, two Baptists called together a Day of Prayer for the World Mission. The Day of Prayer initiated by these two women expanded to Canada in 1922, then to the British Isles in the 1930s. The movement's focus on ecumenism and reconciliation led to growth after World War II. Since 1927 the day of prayer in the month of March has been known as the Women's World Day of Prayer. Catholic women joined the movement after the Second Vatican Council, beginning in 1967, and united what had been their May day of prayer with the March Women's World Day of Prayer in 1969. As such, Catholic women honor the World Day of Prayer.
Two other Christian denominations celebrate a World Day of Prayer in September. Firstly, the Unity Church, a New Thought denomination headquartered at Unity Village, Missouri celebrates a twenty-four-hour World Day of Prayer, principally on the second Thursday in September (member churches may start at sunset on September 11, and the themes differ from those of the Women's World Day of Prayer set forth below). And secondly, the terrorist events of September 11, 2001 prompted the Knights of Columbus, a Catholic fraternal order, to designate that date annually as a World Day of Prayer for Peace.
Aims
Through the World Day of Prayer, women are encouraged to become aware of the other countries and cultures and no longer live in isolation. They are also encouraged take up the burdens of other people, to sympathize with the problems of other countries and cultures and pray with and for them. They are further encouraged to become aware of their talents and use them in the service of society. The World Day of Prayer aims to demonstrate that prayer and action are inseparable and that both have immeasurable influence in the world.
Programme
Every year, worship service focuses on a different country and a specific theme. World Day of Prayer National/Regional Committees of that country prepare the order of worship on these themes to be used on the next World Day of Prayer.
On the first Friday of March, then, in services all over the world that country becomes the focus of prayer and understanding. Through preparation and participation in the worship service, women worldwide learn how their sisters of other countries, languages and cultures understand the biblical passages in their context. They learn of the concerns and needs of those women and to empathize and feel in solidarity with them.
World Day of Prayer themes and writer countries
see
Forthcoming World Day of Prayer themes and writer countries
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Abez is a rural locality (a settlement) in Inta District, Komi Republic, Russia. The population was 478 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.
From 1932 to 1959 there was the Abez camp, where many eminent people were imprisoned and died.
Geography
The settlement is located on the right bank of the Usa River, 205 km northeast of Inta (the district's administrative centre) by road. Fion is the nearest rural locality.
Died in the camp
Lev Karsavin, a philosopher and historian.
Hryhoriy Lakota, a Ukrainian priest.
Der Nister, a Yiddish writer.
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Cryptoconchus porosus, the butterfly chiton, is a species of chiton, a marine polyplacophoran mollusc in the family Acanthochitonidae.
Description
Cryptoconchus porosus is a large chiton reaching a length of about . The eight valves are almost completely covered by a raised girdle, young specimens may have only seven. These are pale blue or white on top, sometimes sky blue underneath, and when removed from the animal they each resemble a butterfly giving the common name. The girdle is fleshy and smooth with short sutural bristles that protrude from 18 rounded pores, which are elevated and run in two crested rows from head to tail. The colour of the dorsal surface can range from dark brown to bright orange, while the underside of the girdle is pale orange with a bright orange foot.
Distribution and habitat
Cryptoconchus porosus is native to New Zealand, and present in Madagascar. These common grazers prefer outer exposed rocks washed by waves, in the low intertidal and shallow subtidal zone, or in deeper water down to 30m, often in association with sponges.
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Dennis Allen Cutts (born April 11, 1968) is an American basketball coach, currently an assistant for the Austin Spurs of the NBA G League. He is the former men's basketball head coach for University of California, Riverside.
Cutts was announced as a part of the Wisconsin Herd coaching staff on September 24, 2019.
Head coaching record
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The National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh, Scotland, was formed in 2006 with the merger of the new Museum of Scotland, with collections relating to Scottish antiquities, culture and history, and the adjacent Royal Scottish Museum (opened in 1866 as the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art, renamed in 1904, and for the period between 1985 and the merger named the Royal Museum of Scotland or simply the Royal Museum), with international collections covering science and technology, natural history, and world cultures. The two connected buildings stand beside each other on Chambers Street, by the intersection with the George IV Bridge, in central Edinburgh. The museum is part of National Museums Scotland. Admission is free.
The two buildings retain distinctive characters: the Museum of Scotland is housed in a modern building opened in 1998, while the former Royal Museum building was begun in 1861 and partially opened in 1866, with a Victorian Venetian Renaissance facade and a grand central hall of cast iron construction that rises the full height of the building, design by Francis Fowke and Robert Matheson. This building underwent a major refurbishment and reopened on 29 July 2011 after a three-year, £47 million project to restore and extend the building led by Gareth Hoskins Architects along with the concurrent redesign of the exhibitions by Ralph Appelbaum Associates.
The National Museum incorporates the collections of the former National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland. As well as the national collections of Scottish archaeological finds and medieval objects, the museum contains artefacts from around the world, encompassing geology, archaeology, natural history, science, technology, art, and world cultures. The 16 new galleries reopened in 2011 include 8,000 objects, 80 per cent of which were not formerly on display. One of the more notable exhibits is the stuffed body of Dolly the sheep, the first successful cloning of a mammal from an adult cell. Other highlights include Ancient Egyptian exhibitions, one of Elton John's extravagant suits, the Jean Muir Collection of costume and a large kinetic sculpture named the Millennium Clock. A Scottish invention that is a perennial favourite with school parties is the Scottish Maiden, an early beheading machine predating the guillotine.
In 2019, the museum received 2,210,024 visitors, making it Scotland's most popular visitor attraction that year.
History
Royal Museum of the University
In 1697 Robert Sibbald presented the University of Edinburgh College of Medicine with a natural history collection he had put together with his friend Andrew Balfour, who had recently died. The wide range of specimens was put on permanent display in the university, as one of the first museums in the UK. Daniel Defoe, in A Tour thro' the Whole Island of Great Britain published in 1737, called it "a fine MusÊum, or Chamber of Rarities, which are worth seeing, and which, in some things, is not to be match'd in Europe". Later editions of the book said it had rarities not to be found in the Royal Society or the Ashmolean Museum. In 1767 the museum became the responsibility of the first Regius Professor of natural history, Robert Ramsey, then in 1779 his successor John Walker recorded that he had found the collection was in poor condition.
The Regius Professorship, and the museum, was taken over in 1804 by Robert Jameson, a mineralogist whose course covered zoology and geology, who built it up "not a private department of the university but as a public department connected in some degree with the country of Scotland". In 1812 it was renamed the "Royal Museum of the University". An enormous number of specimens were acquired, by buying from other collections and by encouraging travellers abroad to collect and preserve their finds. Packages were delivered duty free, and half of the specimens collected by Royal Navy survey ships went to the museum (the other half going to the British Museum in London). Jameson's natural history course held practical classes three times a week in "the great museum he had collected for illustrating his teaching", including description of exhibits and identification of mineral specimens. With support from the University Authorities, Edinburgh Town Council and the Commissioners for the College Buildings, a new museum was built in 1820 as part of new university buildings (the museum is now occupied by the Talbot Rice Gallery, its main features still in place). The taxidermist John Edmonstone undertook work for the museum, and in 1826 gave private lessons to Charles Darwin, who later studied in the museum and befriended its curator, the ornithologist William MacGillivray.
The collections, noted as "second only to those of the British Museum", overfilled the available space. In 1852 Jameson suggested proposals, which were put forward by the university Senatus, that the natural history collections be taken over by the government to form a new National Museum adjacent to the university, and integrated into it. Jameson was seriously ill during this time, and died on 19 April 1854, shortly after the negotiated agreement was formalised.
Chambers Street Museum
For a few years after the museum first opened, its frontage looked on to a narrow lane. In the 1870s this lane was widened in forming Chambers Street. Over the following century, though there were official names, it became popularly known as the "Chambers Street Museum".
Industrial Museum of Scotland
The site for building, bought earlier to ensure unobstructed light to the university buildings, had been occupied by two properties west of Jameson's museum; an Independent Chapel with seats for 1,000 fronting West College Street, and the Trades' Maiden Hospital girls' school beside Argyle Square. The grounds of these buildings were bounded on the north by a narrow lane connecting North College Street to the square, and on the south by the Flodden Wall.
In 1854, the government chose to transfer the university's collection into an enlarged natural history museum combined with a new institution educating the public about commerce and industrial arts. It established the Industrial Museum of Scotland under the direction of the Board of Trade's Science and Art Department in London, and approved purchase of the site. The brief was to emulate The Museum of Practical Geology of "London, but embracing, in addition, the economic products of the animal and vegetable kingdoms". The general director of the museum would be responsible to the Board. The university's Regius Professor of natural history continued as Keeper of its collection, with access to specimens to illustrate lectures, and also reported directly to the Board. In 1855 George Wilson was appointed as the museum's first director, he pressed ahead with preparations while the Board of Works organised designs, but died in 1859. Thomas Croxen Archer was appointed director on 10 May 1860, and the Industrial Museum (Scotland) Act 1860 was passed on 28 August.
Design work was carried out by Captain Francis Fowke, Engineer and Artist of the Science and Art Department, and architect Robert Matheson of the Office of Works in Edinburgh. Contract documents were signed in May 1861, and construction began. In ceremonies on 23 October 1861, Prince Albert laid the foundation stone of the General Post Office on Waterloo Place, then the foundation stone of the museum. This was his last public appearance before his death six weeks later.
Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art
The institution became the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art in 1864, with two divisions; Natural History, and Industrial Arts. The natural history collection was transferred from the university in 1865â1866. Prince Alfred formally opened the first phase on 19 May 1866, with public access to the east wing and about a third of the Great Hall (now the Grand Gallery). A temporary wall formed the west gable of this space, displays in it included models and machinery of architecture, military and civil engineering, including lighthouses. A small hall (now Living Lands) accommodated manufactures. The natural history collection took up the large hall in the east wing (now Animal World), a corridor link to the university formed a "Bridge of Sighs" over West College Street. On the western half of the site, "old buildings" which had formed Argyll Square were in temporary use for agricultural and educational exhibits.
George Allman became Regius Professor and Keeper of the natural history collection in 1855. Issues developed over access to specimens for teaching, particularly when some were lost, and he apparently neglected curation. Wyville Thomson took over in 1870, and the Board of Trade redefined duties, but curation was not his priority. For a reception in the Spring of 1871, the museum stored refreshments in the "Bridge of Sighs" corridor, but students found this and no drinks were left for the Edinburgh worthies, so a door restricted access from the university. Wyville Thomson went on the Challenger expedition for four years. The museum severed ties with the university in 1873, and appointed Ramsay Traquair as its Keeper of the Natural History Collections. The bridge was closed (at some time later it was reopened and for a while prior to the museum's temporary closure during World War II it provided limited access between the museum and University). The university had lost use of the museum specimens, so started a replacement teaching collection in its old museum space. This became intolerably cramped, eventually James Hartley Ashworth raised funds and a new teaching laboratory and museum was opened in 1929 at the King's Buildings campus.
In 1871 work began on widening the street to the north of the university and museum to form Chambers Street, linked to George IV Bridge. The central section of the Museum of Science and Art building, including the rest of the Great Hall, was completed in 1874 and formally opened to the public on 14 January 1875. The west wing was completed in 1888, rooms were opened to the public when they were fitted out, until the last one opened on 14 October 1890.
Royal Scottish Museum
Administration of the museum was transferred in 1901 from the Science and Art Department to the Scottish Education Department, and in 1904 the institution was renamed the Royal Scottish Museum.
Electricity was introduced, replacing the original gas lighting, and powering the first interactive displays in the museum: push-button working models, starting with a marine steam engine and a sectioned steam locomotive.
During the period 1871 to 1911 much of the day-to-day running of the museum was undertaken not by the director, but by the curator.
The Royal Scottish Museum displayed prank exhibits on April Fool's Day on at least one occasion. In 1975, a fictitious bird called the Bare-fronted Hoodwink (known for its innate ability to fly away from observers before they could accurately identify it) was put on display. The exhibit included photos of blurry birds flying away. To make the exhibit more convincing, a mount of the bird was sewn together by a taxidermist from various scraps of real birds, including the head of a carrion crow, the body of a plover, and the feet of an unknown waterfowl. The bare front was composed of wax.
Royal Museum of Scotland
In 1985 the museum was renamed the Royal Museum of Scotland, and its administration came under the newly formed National Museums Scotland, along with the Museum of Antiquities which in 1998 moved to a new building constructed as an extension to the Royal Museum at the west end of Chambers Street.
National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland
The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland was founded in 1780. It still continues, but in 1858 its collection of archaeological and other finds was transferred to the government as the National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland, and from 1891 it occupied half of a new building in Queen Street in the New Town, with its entrance hall shared with the Scottish National Portrait Gallery which occupied the other half.
Museum of Scotland
The organisational merger of the National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland and the Royal Scottish Museum took place in 1985, but the two collections retained separate buildings until 1995 when the Queen Street building closed, to reopen later occupied solely by the Scottish National Portrait Gallery. In 1998 the new Museum of Scotland building opened, adjacent to the Royal Museum of Scotland building, and connected to it. The masterplan to redevelop the Victorian building and further integrate the architecture and collections was launched in 2004. The split naming caused confusion to visitors, and in 2006 permission was granted to remove "Royal" to achieve a unified brand.
Merger â present day
On 2006 the two museums were formally merged as the National Museum of Scotland. The naming had been changed for practical reasons, including strategy and marketing. The old Chambers Street Museum building closed for redevelopment in 2008, before reopening in July 2011.
Staff at the museum took several days of strike action at points during 2015 and 2016, called by the Public and Commercial Services Union.
Architecture
Royal Scottish Museum building
Construction was started in 1861 and proceeded in phases, the eastern sections opened in 1866 before others had even begun construction. The full extent of the original design was completed in 1888. It was designed by civil engineer Captain Francis Fowke of the Royal Engineers, Engineer and Artist of the Science and Art Department in London who was also responsible for the Royal Albert Hall, and architect Robert Matheson of the Office of Works in Edinburgh. The exterior, designed in a Venetian Renaissance style, contrasts sharply with the light-flooded main hall or Grand Gallery, inspired by The Crystal Palace.
Numerous extensions at the rear of the building, particularly in the 1930s, extended the museum greatly. 1998 saw the opening of the Museum of Scotland (now the Scottish History and Archaeology department), linked internally to the main building. The major redevelopment completed in 2011 by Gareth Hoskins Architects uses former storage areas to form a vaulted Entrance Hall of at street level with visitor facilities. This involved lowering the floor level by . Despite being a Class A listed building, it was possible to add lifts and escalators. The accessible entrance is at the corner tower of the Scottish History and Archaeology building.
Museum of Scotland (Scottish History and Archaeology) building
The building is made up of geometric, Corbusian forms, but also has numerous references to Scotland, such as brochs and castellated defensive architecture. It is clad in golden Moray sandstone, which one of its architects, Gordon Benson, has called "the oldest exhibit in the building", a reference to Scottish geology. The building was a 1999 Stirling Prize nominee.
Collections
The galleries in the newer building present Scottish history in an essentially chronological arrangement, beginning at the lowest level with prehistory to the early medieval period, with later periods on the higher levels. The Victorian building, as reopened in 2011, contains four zones (each with numerous galleries), covering natural history, world cultures (including galleries on the South Pacific, East Asia, and Ancient Egypt), European art and design, and science & technology. The Grand Gallery contains a variety of large objects from the collections, with a display called the "Window on the World" rising through four storeys, or about , containing over 800 objects reflecting the breadth of the collections. Beyond the Grand Gallery at ground level is the "Discoveries" gallery, with objects connected to "remarkable Scots ... in the fields of invention, exploration and adventure". Notable artifacts include:
Assyrian relief of King Ashurnasirpal II and a court official
Monymusk Reliquary
St Ninian's Isle Treasure
11 of the Lewis chessmen. (The rest are owned by the British Museum)
Celtic brooches, including the Hunterston Brooch
Torrs Pony-cap and Horns
Pictish stones, such as the Hilton of Cadboll Stone, Woodwrae Stone, and Monifieth Sculptured Stones
The Cramond Lioness, Newstead Helmet and other items from the Roman frontier
The Lunnasting stone
Whitecleuch Chain
Migdale Hoard
Bute mazer
Sculptures by Sir Eduardo Paolozzi, housing prehistoric jewellery
A Union Flag and Scottish Flag raised by the Hanoverians and Jacobites respectively at the Battle of Culloden
The Maiden, an early form of guillotine
The stuffed remains of Dolly the sheep
Paintings by Margaret MacDonald
Sculptures by Andy Goldsworthy, inspired by the work of Scottish geologist James Hutton
Ballachulish figure
The Galloway Hoard
The Darien chest, used to store money and documents as part of the Darien scheme
A silver girdle gifted to tenant farmer Margaret Hardie by the Earl of Lauderdale.
Gallery
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London Levi Fletcher-Baker (born May 19, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for 16 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the St. Louis Rams, Buffalo Bills, and Washington Redskins. He played college football at John Carroll and signed with Rams as an undrafted free agent in 1998. After four seasons with the Rams, he was a member of the Bills for five seasons and spent his last seven seasons with the Redskins. He made four Pro Bowls during his Redskins tenure and won a Super Bowl title with the Rams in Super Bowl XXXIV.
Fletcher was recognized for never missing a game in his career, being one of only five players in NFL history to play in over 250 consecutive games and holding the record for consecutive starts at the linebacker position. He finished his career with 215 consecutive games started, which ties him for seventh all-time along with Alan Page and Ronde Barber. He was named to the Washington Ring of Fame in 2019 and joined their radio broadcast crew in 2022.
High school years
Fletcher attended Villa Angela-St. Joseph High School in Cleveland, Ohio, and won varsity letters in football and basketball. He played on two state championship basketball teams.
College years
While attending John Carroll University, Fletcher played both basketball and football for the John Carroll Blue Streaks. As a senior, he had 202 tackles (a school-record) and was named the Division III National Linebacker of the Year. Fletcher also attended Saint Francis University of Pennsylvania before transferring to John Carroll University. He was on the men's basketball team while at Saint Francis.
Professional career
Fletcher attended the NFL Scouting Combine and ran a 4.38 in the 40-yard dash. He worked out for several NFL teams and was expected to be a day 2 selection, but was not one of the 30 linebackers drafted during the 1998 NFL Draft.
Fletcher was known by his nickname - dot.com - because he was 'always online with the other team.'
St. Louis Rams
1998
On April 28, 1998, the St. Louis Rams signed Fletcher to a one-year, $158,000 contract as an undrafted free agent.
He made his professional regular season debut in the St. Louis Ramsâ season-opening 24â17 loss against the New Orleans Saints. On December 27, 1998, Fletcher earned his first career start after Eric Hill sustained an injury. He made eight solo tackles on defense and seven special teams tackles as the Rams lost 38â19 at the San Francisco 49ers in a Week 17. Fletcher earned the Rams Rookie of the Year Award. He finished the season with 14 combined tackles (11 solo) in 16 games and one start.
1999
Throughout training camp, Fletcher competed against Charlie Clemons and Lorenzo Styles to be the starting middle linebacker after the Rams chose not to re-sign Eric Hill. Head coach Dick Vermeil named Fletcher the starting middle linebacker to begin the regular season, alongside outside linebacker Todd Collins and Mike Jones.
On October 3, 1999, Fletcher collected a season-high 11 combined tackles (nine solo) and made his first career sack during a 38â10 win at the Cincinnati Bengals in Week 3. Fletcher sacked Bengalsâ quarterback Jeff Blake for a ten-yard loss during the third quarter. In Week 9, Fletcher recorded five combined tackles and earned his first career safety during a 31â27 loss at the Detroit Lions. Fletcher earned his safety by tackling running back Greg Hill in the endzone for a one-yard loss during the first quarter. Fletcher started in all 16 games in 1999 and recorded a total of 138 tackles on defense and special teams combined. His 138 tackles were the most by a Ram since Roman Phifer collected 149 tackles in the 1995. Fletcher recorded 90 combined tackles (66 solo), with three sacks, and one safety on defense.
The St. Louis Rams finished first in the NFC West with a 13â3 record and earned a first round bye. On January 16, 2000, Fletcher started in his first career playoff game and recorded 11 combined tackles (eight solo) and made one sack during a 49â37 victory against the Minnesota Vikings in the NFC Divisional Round. The following week, he made nine combined tackles as the Rams defeated the Tampa Bay Buccaneers 11â6 in the NFC Championship Game. On January 30, 2000, Fletcher started in Super Bowl XXXIV and recorded 11 combined tackles (nine solo) as the Rams defeated the Tennessee Titans 23â16. He also was named to the All-Madden team and as a second alternate to the Pro Bowl for the first time.
2000
On February 2, 2000, St. Louis Ramsâ head coach Dick Vermeil announced his decision to retire. The St. Louis Rams promoted offensive coordinator Mike Martz to head coach. Martz retained Fletcher, Collins, and Jones as the starting linebackers. He started in the St. Louis Ramsâ against the Denver Broncos and collected a season-high 14 combined tackles (nine solo) and made two sacks during their 41â36 victory. On November 12, 2000, Fletcher made six solo tackles, forced a fumble, and made his first career interception during a 38â24 at the New York Giants in Week 11. Fletcher intercepted a pass by Giantsâ Kerry Collins, that was intended for wide receiver Ike Hilliard, and returned it for a 12-yard gain during the third quarter. In Week 13, Fletcher recorded seven combined tackles, was credited with half a sack, and made a season-high two interceptions during a 31â24 loss against the New Orleans Saints. He made both interceptions off pass attempts by Saintsâ quarterback Aaron Brooks. In Week 15, he recorded ten combined tackles (nine solo) and two sacks during a 40â29 victory against the Minnesota Vikings. His performance earned him NFC Defensive Player of the Week honors. He led the team with 193 tackles on defense and special teams, eclipsing the old franchise mark of 185 set by LB Jim Collins in 1984. Fletcher recorded 132 combined tackles (105 solo) solely on defense and made four interceptions and 5.5 sacks in 16 games and 15 starts.
2001
In 2001, Fletcher earned NFC Defensive Player of the Week honors twice and was an alternate to the pro bowl for the third straight season. In a game against the San Francisco 49ers on September 23, he led the team with a career-high 21 tackles, 15 solo. The second time was after his big performance against the New England Patriots on November 18 as he led the team with 17 tackles with one pass deflection. He forced a fumble on the Ramsâ three-yard line that led to a 97-yard scoring drive to end the first half and intercepted a Tom Brady pass with 5:18 left in the third quarter for an 18-yard return. This season, the Rams made the Super Bowl XXXVI but were defeated by the Patriots 20â17, after kicker Adam Vinatieri made a game-winning 48-yard field goal as time expired.
Buffalo Bills
On March 6, 2002, the Buffalo Bills signed Fletcher to a five-year, $17.12 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $4 million.
Starting in 2002, Fletcher started all 16 regular season games for the Bills until his last season in 2006, when he recorded a team-high 157 tackles, including nine for loss, set a career-high with 14 deflections and tied a career-high with four interceptions. On September 10, in the first regular season game, Fletcher scored his first career touchdown after recovering a fumble by the Patriots' Tom Brady and returning it five yards for a touchdown only 12 seconds into the game. Fletcher was named a 2007 Pro Bowl alternate in his last season as a member of the Bills.
Washington Redskins
On March 2, 2007, Fletcher signed with the Washington Redskins to a five-year, $25 million contract. He immediately became the team's starting middle linebacker. With his first season on the team, he was named co-winner of the B.J. Blanchard Award, an honor given annually to a Redskins player who best helps the local media do their jobs, along with quarterback Jason Campbell. Fletcher continued his Pro Bowl-caliber run with the Redskins in 2008.
He was the Redskins' defensive co-captain for the team from 2008 season until he retired. Also in 2008, the Redskins nominated Fletcher as their Walter Payton Man of the Year Award representative.
Fletcher was named to the NFC squad in the 2010 Pro Bowl after Jonathan Vilma's New Orleans Saints qualified for Super Bowl XLIV, the first Pro Bowl selection in his career. Fletcher was also one of three candidates for the 2009 Walter Payton Man of the Year Award, which was ultimately won by the Kansas City Chiefs's Brian Waters.
After the Redskins' switch to a 3â4 defensive scheme, Fletcher moved from the middle linebacker position to the left inside linebacker for the 2010 season. He made the Pro Bowl for the second consecutive time in 2010, where he had an interception which set up a touchdown for the NFC.
Despite not making the 2012 Pro Bowl starting roster, Fletcher led the entire league in tackles with 166 tackles by the end of the 2011 season. He started all 16 games of the 2011 season and recorded 166 combined tackles, 1.5 sacks, two interceptions, and eight pass breakups. Fletcher, however, did make it as alternate for the 2012 Pro Bowl along with teammates, Brian Orakpo and Lorenzo Alexander. On January 9, 2012, Fletcher was added to the NFC 2012 Pro Bowl roster after Brian Urlacher confirmed that he would not be participating.
On January 11, 2012, it was announced that Fletcher won the Bart Starr Award. He was also named the Redskins' 2011 Defensive Player of the Year.
On April 13, 2012, Fletcher was re-signed by the Redskins to a two-year contract worth $10.75 million with $5.25 million guaranteed. He was given the 87th ranking in the NFL Network's Top 100 Players of 2012 list. Despite the Redskins' 31â28 loss to the St. Louis Rams in Week 2 of the 2012 season, Fletcher had a stellar performance. In the game, he intercepted quarterback Sam Bradford in the endzone and forced running back Daryl Richardson to fumble in the fourth quarter and the ball was recovered by DeAngelo Hall, which gave the Redskins one last attempt to tie or win the game. In the Week 12 win against the Dallas Cowboys on Thanksgiving, he recorded his second interception for the season making him one of three active NFL players, at that time, to have recorded 20 interceptions and 30 sacks, the other two being Brian Urlacher and Ray Lewis.
Fletcher intercepted Joe Flacco in Week 14 against the Baltimore Ravens. He had another interception, against Brandon Weeden, in the Redskins' win over the Cleveland Browns. He finished the season with 139 tackles, three sacks, and a career-high five interceptions.
There was doubt over whether Fletcher would return for the 2013 season until it was announced that he had surgery on his left ankle and was scheduled for elbow surgery to prepare for another season with the Redskins on March 6, 2013. On November 7, Fletcher started his 208th consecutive game, tying the league's all-time record of most starts by a linebacker last held by retired linebacker Derrick Brooks.
Retirement
On December 18, 2013, Fletcher announced his retirement. Fletcher finished his career having played in 256 consecutive games and starting 215 consecutive games, which is the NFL all-time record of consecutive starts at the linebacker position. He joined Washington's radio broadcast crew in 2022. On September 1, 2022, Fletcher was inducted into Washington's Greatest Players list in honor of the franchise's 90th anniversary.
Career awards and highlights
Super Bowl champion (XXXIV)
4Ã Pro Bowl selection (2009â2012)
2Ã second-team All-Pro selection (2011, 2012)
NFL combined tackles leader (2011)
Bart Starr Man of the Year Award (2012)
Redskins Ring of Fame (2019)
NFL career statistics
Regular season
Postseason
Personal life
Fletcher and his wife Charne have three children, two daughters, Paige and Brooke, and a son, Steele.
Fletcher is a Christian. Fletcher spoke about his conversion to Christianity saying, "I spent years chasing things I thought would bring me everlasting joy and happiness: chasing Super Bowl rings or a multi-million dollar contract; or a new house, cars and jewelry. None of those things did for me what Christ did in an instant."
Fletcher was named a Pro Bowl alternate 11 times during his career and did not play in his first one until the 2010 Pro Bowl via replacing Jonathan Vilma. As a result, Fletcher called himself the NFL version of Susan Lucci, who won a Daytime Emmy after 19 nominations.
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General Bowles may refer to:
George Bowles (British Army officer) (1787â1876), British Army general
Phineas Bowles (British Army officer, born 1690) (1690â1749), British Army lieutenant general
Phineas Bowles (British Army officer, died 1722) (died 1722), British Army major general
Robert Bowles (East India Company officer) (1744â1812), British East India Company major general | {
"id": "69531771",
"title": "General Bowles",
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Bowles",
"docId": null,
"date": null
} |
Nagaland Information Commission is an autonomous and statutory body constituted as per The Right to Information Act, 2005 by the state government of Nagaland through a notification in official Gazette. The commission will have one State Chief Information Commissioner (CIC) and not more than 10 State Information Commissioners (IC) to be appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of the committee consisting of the Chief Minister as chairperson, the Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly and a state Cabinet Minister nominated by the Chief Minister.
History and objective
Nagaland State Information Commission has to be constituted as per The Right to Information Act, 2005 by the State Governments in India through a notification in official Gazette.
Nagaland State Information Commission is formed to take up the following:
Appeals on the information shared by various government entities under the Right to Information Act.
Complaints on refusal to give information or in relation to inability to file Right to Information Act.
Commission should get annual report from various departments working in the state about complaints received under Right to Information Act, 2005 and their responses on the same.
Nagaland Information Commission occasionally conducts awareness programmes on implementation of the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 effectively by general public.
Nagaland Information Commission was rated as the best Information Commissions those in other states of India with only 0.7 percentage of rejected applications filed under Right to Information Act.
Composition
Nagaland State Information Commission members should consist of a:
1. State Chief Information commissioner and
2. Not more than ten State Information Commissioners.
The Chief and other members of State Information Commission are appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of the committee consisting of the Chief Minister as chairperson, the Leader of the Opposition in the Legislative Assembly and a state Cabinet Minister.
The members of State Information Commission should be of eminence in public life and are not permitted to hold any other office of profit or any position which is connected with any political party and are also barred from carrying on any business or continuing any profession in any field.
Bukchem Phom is the current Chief Information commissioner of Nagaland Information Commission.
Tenure and service
The tenure of the Nagaland State Chief Information Commissioner and a State Information Commissioner for holding office will be a term of 3 years or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier and will not be eligible for reappointment on completion of tenure.
Any vacancy in the State Information Commission has to be filled within six months from the date of vacancy.
Nagaland Chief Information Commissioner (CIC), Information Commissioner (IC) and State Information Commissioner's salaries, allowances and other service terms and conditions are equivalent to a Judge of the Supreme Court.
Powers and functions
Nagaland State Information Commission prepares report on the implementation of the provisions of State Information Commission act and submits an annual report to the state government which is placed by the later before the state legislature.
The commission on reasonable grounds can order inquiry into any matter related to the Act.
The commission under powers granted to it can secure from the public authorities compliance of any of its decisions.
Commission is duty bound to receive and conduct enquiry into any complaint received from any person.
The commission can call for and examine any record which it considers necessary and is under the possession of the public authority and any such record should not be withheld from it on any grounds during the inquiry of a complaint.
The commission has the power of the civil court during the course of enquiry and in respect of the following matters:
Any complaint which requires the discovery and inspection of documents relating to it.
Powers exercised for issuing summons requiring examination of any witnesses or related documents or any other prescribed matters relating to complaint.
Any provision under which summons were issued and as per which attendance is required of persons and requires them to give written or oral evidence under an oath and producing documents or other details relevant to it.
Provision requiring evidence on stamped affidavit.
Powers relating to request from any court or office of any public record.
Commission under the powers can recommend steps which can be taken for confirming to the provisions of the act if any public authority fails to do so.
Challenges
Nagaland State Information Commission are overburdened with backlog cases, similar to Central Vigilance Commission. Due to shortage of available staff and vacancies not being filled, there is backlog of cases filed. The maximum number of appeals and complaints pending as per October 2014 records were in state of Uttar Pradesh. However, some states like Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura didn't have pending complaints. State Information Commission as per the provision has limited to provide information and cannot take any action.
In spite of above limitation, Nagaland State Information Commissions plays a crucial role in ensuring transparency in public life and supports in greater way in checking corruption, combating oppression, preventing nepotism and misuse of the public authority.
A survey conducted by Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, showed that most State Information Commission in India were inactive during Covid pandemic.
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Elaiyur is a large village located in the Udayarpalayam Taluk of Tamil Nadu, India. The village is named after the Eallaiyur temple, located at the border of Gangaikonda Cholapuram.
Geography
Elaiyur Village is comprising seven regions:
Elaiyur (West),
Elaiyur (West),
Elaiyur (South),
Elaiyur (Southeast),
Kandiyankollai,
Koriyampatti and
Palla Kulam (Northeast).
Areas surrounding and within Elaiyur have been known to be sedimentary depositional environments. Field/outcrops prominence,
such as bed geometry,
sedimentary structure,
texture,
erosional surfaces,
etc.,
indulge as confirmation for depositional environments.
Magnetic susceptibility in the areas within and surrounding Elaiyur is not uncommon. The magnetic fabric in the sedimentary rocks,
surrounding Elaiyur,
can develop during deposition (primary fabric) and even after deposition (secondary fabrics) of the sediments as a result of bioturbation, compaction and tectonic disturbances (Rees 1961).
Magnetic samples of Kallankurichchi limestone have been deemed suitable for magnetic fabric studies due to its high magnetic susceptibility.
Elaiyur and surrounding areas are also known for rare, distinctive, shell microstructures.
Optical microscopic observations and SEM studies of the shells,
in this area,
of six genera clearly indicate that all the four sub-families consist of distinctive set of shell-microstructures.
Notable locations
There are several temples in this village. Selliyammen Koil is a temple located in Sendurai on Jayamkondam's Main Road. The Selliyammen Koil Festival is a festival in this district that takes place once a year at the end of May.
There are two Vijayanagar Temples in Elaiyur. One is located near Malangan Lake, and the other is located near Canara Bank.
Elaiyur Village contains three large lakes: the Malangan Lake, the South Veli Lake, and Palla Kulam Canara Bank are located in Elaiyur South.
Population
As of 2011 Elaiyur had a population of 6393 of which 3052 are males while 3341 are females, 3402 were employed. 59.11% of workers describe their work as Main Work (Employment or Earning more than 6 Months) while 40.89% were involved in Marginal activity providing livelihood for less than 6 months. Of 3402 workers engaged in Main Work, 743 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) while 661 were Agricultural labourers.
Elaiyur is made up of 1738 families. The population age 0â6 is 650 which makes up 10.17% of total population of village. Average sex ratio of Elaiyur village is 1095 which is higher than Tamil Nadu state average of 996. Child sex ratio for the Elaiyur as per census is 862, lower than Tamil Nadu average of 943.
Elaiyur village has lower literacy rate compared to Tamil Nadu. In 2011, literacy rate of Elaiyur village was 67.65% compared to 80.09% of Tamil Nadu. In Elaiyur Male literacy stands at 79.91% while female literacy rate was 56.74%.
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TichileÈti may refer to several populated places in Romania:
TichileÈti, a commune in BrÄila County
TichileÈti, a village in Horia Commune, ConstanÈa County
TichileÈti, Tulcea, a leper colony in Tulcea County | {
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"docId": null,
"date": null
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home > ã¢ãžã£ã€ã«ãžã£ãã³2013 åå ç»é²ã«ã€ã㊠| {
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"date": "2014-03-28T07:03:01"
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Baroness Marion Lambert (1943 â 28 May 2016) was a Swiss art collector, and the wife of Baron Philippe Lambert of the Bank Brussels Lambert banking dynasty. She was described as "one of the first collectors and patrons of contemporary photography".
Early life
Marion Lambert was born Marion de Vries in 1943, into a prominent Swiss family of Dutch descent. She was raised in Geneva.
Art collector
Lambert has been called "one of the first collectors and patrons of contemporary photography".
In a November 2004, she sold her entire collection of about 300 photographs mostly from the 1980s, entitled Veronica's Revenge, at Phillips de Pury in Chelsea, New York for a total of $9.2Â million. Her original intention was for the collection to hang in the new headquarters of Bank Brussels Lambert in Geneva, but the directors found the works "simply too shocking". New records were set for works by Barbara Kruger, Charles Ray, Cindy Sherman, Mike Kelley, Richard Prince, and Louise Lawler.
From 3 to 14 October 2015, 306 objects from the Lambert Art Collection with estimates from £20 up to £3 million were on show at Ely House in Dover Street, and then auctioned by Christie's on 14 October 2015. Lambert and many of the objects in the auction appear in episode two of The Extraordinary Collector, presented by Gordon Watson.
Personal life
In 1975, Marion married Baron Philippe Lambert, and they had two children together, a son, Henri Lambert, and Philippine Lambert, who died by suicide aged 20. Her suicide note and diaries accused a prominent family friend of sexual abuse.
The Lamberts lived in Geneva, Switzerland, and owned an 18th-century Florentine-style villa, the Palazzo Terranova, in Umbria.
Death
On 24 May 2016, she was hit by a bus driver on Route 73 near Bond Street tube station in London. She died from head injuries on 28 May 2016.
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The siege of Clermont was a Frankish siege of the Aquitanian fortress of Clermont in 761 during the Aquitanian War. The Frankish army under King Pepin the Short burned the fortress, with a large number of men, women and children dying in the flames. The Count of Auvergne, Bladinus, was taken prisoner and put in chains, while his Gascon levies were killed or captured by the Franks.
Prelude
After conquering Bourbon earlier in 761 and devastating Aquitaine, King Pepin the Short of Francia advanced with his entire army on Clermont in the region of Auvergne. The fort was defended by Count Bladinus of Auvergne with a levy of Gascon soldiers.
Siege
Pepin's army conquered the fortified town and set it on fire. A large number of men, women and children were burned alive in the flames. The massacre is mentioned by the continuator of the Chronicle of Fredegar but not by the Royal Frankish Annals. The Gascon levies in the garrison were either killed or captured. Count Bladinus was captured and brought in chains to Pepin.
Aftermath
Pepin's army was "unscathed", according to the continuator of Fredegar. That same year, Pepin also took the fort of Chantelle in battle. The Frankish army penetrated as far as Limoges, burning and destroying as it went and then returned with home with much plunder.
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ãµã€ãããã | {
"id": null,
"title": null,
"url": "http://www.tonictech.com/",
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Sveinung Fjeldstad (born 26 August 1978) is a retired Norwegian football striker.
Sveinung was the first player in the Norwegian top division to fail a drug test, he tested positive for steroids during training on 21 April 2004. He was released from his contract with HamKam and was suspended in 2004 and 2005.
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The Perfect Element, Part I is Pain of Salvation's third studio album, released in October 2000. It is a concept album that focuses on the forming of the individual, particularly on the events from one's childhood and adolescence. It is the first segment of a planned three-part concept. The Perfect Element, Part II was released in 2007 under the title Scarsick.
Overview
"The album is in a way a blend of the two earlier albums, with the groove and originality of Entropia and the focus, thoroughness and production of One Hour by the Concrete Lake. However, it will be quite unique as an album."
Analysis
The Perfect Element, Part I is the first part of a planned, two-piece concept, and is divided into three chapters, each containing four tracks.
Part one of the concept is a story of human development, which focuses specifically on the progression from childhood to adolescence. It contains many themes within its context which include:
Child abuse (sexual and physical)
Sexuality
Tragedy
Drug abuse
Love
Pain
Anger
Loss (of life and innocence, among other things)
Shame
Regret
Despair
Inner struggles
All these themes are dealt with as the story explores the lives of two characters, one male and one female (known commonly as "He" and "She") who are broken, dysfunctional people. They meet in the events of the song "Ashes" after the first two songs of the album present us with a depiction of their troubled pasts ("Used" for "He" and in "In the Flesh" for "She"). After that introduction, the concept focuses on the inner struggles and feelings of the characters after the events on "Ashes", and we also have some memory flashes, telling us more about their pasts and revealing what events in their lives caused them to become what they are, finally ending with the "falling" of He on the last song, "The Perfect Element".
Track listing
All lyrics by Daniel Gildenlöw. All music and arrangements by Daniel Gildenlöw except the middle part of "Her Voices" by Daniel Gildenlöw and Fredrik Hermansson, and the "Once..." part of "The Perfect Element" by Daniel Gildenlöw and Johan Langell. String arrangements by Daniel Gildenlöw and Fredrik Hermansson.
Concept, lyrics and artwork by Daniel Gildenlöw.
A Limited Edition has been also released with an extra cd including bonus tracks and multimedia application containing videos ("Ashes", "Exclamation") and additional material/information.
Extra CD:
1. "Beyond the Mirror" - 8:20
2. "Never Learn to Fly" - 5:10
3. "Time Weaverâs Tale" - 6:19
4. (PC multimedia track with videos, photos, interview, additional information/material and hidden area)
Personnel
Daniel Gildenlöw â lead vocals, guitar, producer, mixing, mastering
Kristoffer Gildenlöw â bass, backing vocals
Johan Hallgren â guitar, backing vocals, mixing
Fredrik Hermansson â keyboards, Steinway and samples
Johan Langell â drums, backing vocals, mixing, mastering
Additional personnel
Anders "Theo" Theander â producer, engineering
Pontus Lindmark â engineering
Mihai Cucu â strings
Camilla Andersson â strings
Petter Axelsson â strings
Gretel Gradén â strings
Johnny Björk â strings
Daniel Gildenlöw/Gildenlöw MultiMedia â artwork
Elin Iggsten â photos
Johanna Iggsten â photos
Fredrik Hallgren â photos
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Ravi K. Chandran is an Indian cinematographer and film director who predominantly works in Hindi, Malayalam, and Tamil-language cinema. He is the founding member of the Indian Society of Cinematographers (ISC) and has won two Filmfare Awards and one Southern Filmfare Award.
Career
Ravi was born as the 7th child in a Malayali family to Kunjan Pillai and Padmini Amma and brought up in Maduranthakam. His eldest brother, cinematographer Ramachandra Babu, who went to the Pune Film Institute in the seventies was the major influence and inspiration for Ravi. Growing up in the 70's, amidst the new wave of French cinema, names like Truffaut and Gordard become familiar to Ravi when he was very young. Latter part time closet painter, Ravi joined his brother as an assistant cinematographer, learning the technical aspects of the job.
In 1984 Ravi K.Chandran started his career working in Malayalam films as an assistant to his brother, cinematographer, Ramachandra Babu ISC and later with his friend Rajiv Menon. He got his first break as a cinematographer in a Malayalam film Kilukkampetti and worked his way up until he shot the legendary Virasat which won many awards for Ravi. Since then there has been no looking back. He is a pioneer in using new equipment and cameras in the Indian film industry like the akila crane, kino flo lights, mole beams, hawk lenses, sky panels, celeb lights, and space lights. His âBLACK" movie was featured in an American cinematographer's magazine. Kodak international cinematographer calendar, and the cover of the ALEXA camera brochure.
His best known works are Virasat, Dil Chahta Hai, Kannathil Muthamittal, Kannezhuthi Pottum Thottu, Black, Fanaa, and Saawariya.
Personal life
Ravi Chandran is the younger brother of K. Ramachandra Babu, who himself is a noted cinematographer. He is married to Hemalata and currently resides in Mumbai with his two sons. One of his sons, Santhana Krishnan, also followed his father's footsteps as a cinematographer.
Filmography
As cinematographer
As director
Awards and nominations
Filmfare Awards/Filmfare Awards South
1998: Best Cinematographer - Virasat
2002: Best Cinematographer â South - Kannathil Muthamittal
2006: Best Cinematographer - Black
Star Screen Awards
2002: Nominated, Star Screen Award for Best Cinematography - Dil Chahta Hai
Zee Cine Awards
2004: Nominated, Zee Cine Award for Best Cinematography - Yuva
2004: Nominated, Best Cinematography - Calcutta Mail
Vijay Awards
2011: Nominated, Vijay Award for Best Cinematography - 7aum Arivu
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The gens Tineia was a Roman family of imperial times. Members of this gens first appear in history in the time of Hadrian; the first to obtain the consulship was Quintus Tineius Rufus in AD 127.
Origin
The Tineii of the second and third centuries lived at Side, in Pamphylia. They may have been an old Roman family that had migrated to Asia Minor, where Italian migrants had settled since the first century BC; however, it was not uncommon for men from the Eastern Mediterranean, without any connection with Italy, to reach the Roman nobility in this period. For example, Arrian, a Greek, was consul circa AD 132, and Marcus Julius Philippus, a native of Arabia Petraea, became emperor in 244.
A funerary monument from Rome identifies one of the Tineii as a member of the tribus Sabatina, corresponding with the region of Sabinum; this may imply that the Tineii were originally a Sabine family, although the man who built it was a native of Nicomedia in Bithynia. Nomina ending in -eius were common under the Republic, and frequently belonged to families of Sabine origin.
Praenomina
The main praenomen of the Tineii was Quintus, which the Tineii Rufi used to the exclusion of all others; in this family the praenomen was fossilized, and passed down to all of the sons in the family, with no distinguishing function; instead the sons would typically be distinguished by their surnames. Different praenomina are occasionally found among the other Tineii, including Lucius, Marcus, and Gaius; like Quintus, these were among the most common names throughout Roman history.
Branches and cognomina
The only distinct family of the Tineii bore the cognomen Rufus, red. This was a common surname, typically given to those who had red hair. Several members of this family bore additional cognomina, including Sacerdos, a priest, and Clemens, pleasant or gentle. Surnames derived from occupations and individual traits were very typical of Roman cognomina.
Members
Tineii Rufi
Quintus Tineius Rufus, governor of Thrace in AD 124, during the reign of Hadrian, and consul suffectus from the Kalends of May to the Kalends of October in 127. He was governor of Judaea from at least 130 to 132, at the beginning of the Bar Kochba rebellion.
Quintus Tineius Q. f. Sacerdos Clemens, consul ordinarius in AD 158. Son of Quintus Tineius Rufus, the consul of 124, he was created a patrician, and made a member of the College of Pontifices by the emperor Antoninus Pius. Three of his sons also became consul.
Quintus Tineius Q. f. Q. n. Rufus, consul ordinarius in AD 182, was one of the Salii Palatini.
Quintus Tineius Q. f. Q. n. Sacerdos, consular legate in Bithynia from 189 to 190, and consul suffectus in AD 192; he became Proconsul of Asia circa 210. He was consul ordinarius with Elagabalus in 219.
Quintus Tineius Q. f. Q. n. Clemens, consul ordinarius in AD 195.
Quintus Tineius, governor of Achaea, may be identified with one of the consular Tineii, but which is uncertain.
Others
Tineia Lucida, dedicated a tomb at Rome for her husband, Publius Aelius Verus.
Tineia Antonia, buried at Rome, with a tomb dedicated by her sister, Tineia Hygeia, dating to the second century AD.
Tineia Hygeia, dedicated a tomb at Rome for her sister, Tineia Antonia, some time during the second century.
Quintus Tineius Demetrius, prefect of Egypt from AD 189 to 190.
Marcus Tineius Ovinius L. f. Casto Pulchro, a senator and pontifex, had been quaestor urbanus, and a candidate for the praetorship.
Quintus Tineius Dorus, husband of Pulchra Domna, and father of Quintus Tineius Primigenius.
Quintus Tineius Q. f. Primigenius, son of Quintus Tineius Dorus and Pulchra Domna, for whom he built a tomb at Aternum in Sabinum.
Quintus Tineius Primigenius, possibly a freedman, buried with Vibia Psyche at Mutina in Etruria.
Quintus Tineius Herculanus, buried at Rome, aged twelve.
Quintus Tineius Q. f. Her[mes?], a soldier from Nicomedia, and the husband of Tineia Hieropis, buried a child at Rome.
Tineia Hieropis, wife of Quintus Tineius Hermes.
Quintus Tineius Eusebes, husband of Postumia Callityche, buried at Rome, aged twenty-two.
Gaius Tineius C. f. Threptus, named in an inscription from Rome.
Tineius Longus, a cavalry prefect under Ulpius Marcellus, governor of Britain during the reign of Commodus. An inscription from Condercum indicates that he was quaestor designatus, but whether he entered office, and if so which year, cannot be determined.
Marcus Tineius, named in an inscription from Ara Bona in Pannonia Superior.
Tineia Primitiva, buried at Castellum Tidditanorum in Numidia, aged seventy-nine.
Lucius Clodius Tineius Pupienus Bassus, a young man from a senatorial family, who assumed the Toga virilis at Rome early in the third century.
Tineius Eubulus, freedman of the mother of Lucius Clodius Tineius Pupienus Bassus.
Quintus Tineius Severus Petronianus, curator rei publicae, probably at Nicaea, in AD 244.
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"id": null,
"title": null,
"url": "https://syukatsu-kaigi.jp/companies/144769",
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"date": "2016-12-09T23:40:49"
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ã£æã | {
"id": null,
"title": null,
"url": "https://r25.jp/life/00050619/",
"docId": "81cb3f81-cd3d-4c76-be03-e4222941b601",
"date": "2016-12-08T09:53:26"
} |
Issa Nikiema (born 23 January 1978) is a Burkinabé former football midfielder.
Career
On 29 October 2001 Nikiema moved from RS Settat to Borussia Fulda on a free transfer.
Nikiema joined GÀnclÀrbirliyi Sumqayit at the start of 2004, scoring 11 goals in 12 league games. The following season, Nikiema was the club's top goalscorer with 16, which was the 5th best in the league. Nikiema joined Turan Tovuz for the first half of the 2005â06, before returning to GÀnclÀrbirliyi Sumqayit for the remainder of the season and the next season.
Azerbaijan statistics
Honors
Neftchi Baku
CIS Cup
Runners-up: 2005
| {
"id": "22643478",
"title": "Issa Nikiema",
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issa%20Nikiema",
"docId": null,
"date": null
} |
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The Nite-Liters is the debut album by the Louisville, Kentucky group The Nite-Liters, the instrumental ensemble offshoot of New Birth featuring Tony Churchill, James Baker, Robin Russell, Austin Lander, Robert "Lurch" Jackson, Leroy Taylor, Charlie Hearndon, Bruce Marshall and Nathaniel "Nebs" Neblett. Released in 1970 on RCA Records. Produced by mentor Harvey Fuqua.
Track listing
"Get Back Buddy" 3:15
"Stuff-n-It" 2:35
"Con-Funk-Shun" 4:49
"The Heckler" 4:00
"Cherish Every Precious Moment" 3:43
"Pretty Words Don't Mean a Thing (Lie To Me)" 2:33
"Down and Dirty" 2:51
"Nothing (Can Make Me Love You More Than I Do)" 3:35
"Itchy Brother" 3:03
"Horny Man" 3:15
"Snap Your Twig" 3:25
"Eleanor Rigby" 5:18
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The 2008 Republican National Convention took place at the Xcel Energy Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, from September 1, through September 4, 2008. The first day of the Republican Party's convention fell on Labor Day, the last day of the popular Minnesota State Fair, though because of Hurricane Gustav, this day was mostly a call for action to help victims and formal, required activities; most of the politicking and partying did not start until Tuesday, the second scheduled day.
This was the latest any major party convention has ever been convened, and the first one to take place entirely in September. Traditionally, the party who holds the White House has the opportunity to select the date of its convention second, and normally the challenging party holds their convention in July while the incumbent party holds its convention in August. This year, later dates were chosen for both conventions because the parties wanted to schedule their conventions after the 2008 Summer Olympics ended.
President George W. Bush did not attend the convention (although he did appear by satellite), in order to oversee relief efforts to help citizens recover from Hurricane Gustav. The attending delegates at the convention nominated Senator John McCain from Arizona for president and Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska for vice president. 1,191 pledged delegates were necessary for candidates to win the respective nominations.
Speakers
Monday, September 1, 2008
Scheduled speeches by U.S. President George W. Bush, U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney and U.S. Senator Joe Lieberman were canceled because of Hurricane Gustav. An abbreviated meeting was scheduled for late afternoon to conduct business required under party rules. The remainder of the convention schedule was determined day by day depending on the nature of the storm.
Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States
Cindy McCain, wife of (then-presumptive) Presidential nominee John McCain
The two women appeared together and delivered short remarks to encourage support for hurricane relief efforts.
Tuesday, September 2, 2008
George W. Bush, President of the United States (by satellite). Because of the events of Hurricane Gustav, Bush did not attend the convention, and delivered his remarks to the delegates by satellite. Bush honored McCain's courage and his maverick reputation, and said that McCain is ready to lead.
Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States. The First Lady touted McCain's experience and credentials, while talking about her and her husband's achievements in the White House. She introduced President Bush who appeared by satellite.
Joe Lieberman, Independent Democrat (formerly Democrat) U.S. Senator from Connecticut. Lieberman, who ran for Vice President (as a Democrat) with Democratic Party Presidential nominee, Al Gore in the 2000 presidential election, praised McCain and argued that Barack Obama, the Democratic Party's presidential nominee, was not ready to be president.
Fred Thompson, former U.S. Senator from Tennessee. Thompson attacked perceived liberal-media bias, branded Democrats as elitists, and praised McCain's vice presidential pick, Sarah Palin.
Norm Coleman, U.S. Senator from Minnesota
John Boehner, U.S. House of Representative Minority Leader from Ohio
Wednesday, September 3, 2008
Rudy Giuliani, former Mayor of New York City, New York. Giuliani questioned Obama's judgment and overall experience. He said, "John [McCain] has been tested. Barack Obama has not. Tough times require strong leadership, and this is no time for on-the-job training." He also said that Obama and Democrats "are in a state of denial" about the threat of terrorism to the U.S., while McCain can confront and defeat "anything that terrorists do to us". He further said that Obama is without a record of leadership: "He's the least-experienced candidate for President of the United States in at least the last 100 years." The former Mayor praised Palin as "one of the most successful governors in Americaâand the most popular... She already has more executive experience than the entire Democratic ticket."
Sarah Palin, Governor of Alaska and (then-presumptive) Vice Presidential nominee. In Palin's speech, she portrayed herself as a reformer and a fighter for change. She introduced her family and described her life in Alaska, saying she is just "an average hockey mom," while commenting on her recent negative publicity: "Here's a little news flash for all those reporters and commentators: I'm not going to Washington to seek their good opinion. I'm going to Washington to serve the people of this great country." She defended her relative lack of political experience and criticized Obama. Her speech was well received by the convention delegates and media commentators.
Mike Huckabee, former Governor of Arkansas. While he commended Obama for clinching his party's nomination, Huckabee said that Obama lacks experience and judgment, especially in foreign policy. He said, "I don't believe his preparation or his plans will lift America up."
Mitt Romney, former Governor of Massachusetts. Romney commented on Obama's campaign message of change, saying, "We need change all right. Change from a liberal Washington to a conservative Washington. We have a prescription for every American who wants change in Washingtonâthrow out the big-government liberals and elect John McCain." Romney said that Obama "ducked and dodged" when asked about terrorism and Islamic extremism.
Mitch McConnell, U.S. Senate Minority Leader. McConnell performed the Adoption and Announcement of Vice-Presidential nominee Palin.
Norm Coleman , U.S. Senator from Minnesota
Linda Lingle, Governor of Hawaii
Carly Fiorina, former chair and chief executive officer of Hewlett-Packard
Meg Whitman, former president and chief executive officer of eBay
Anne F. Beiler, founder of Auntie Anne's
Thursday, September 4, 2008
John McCain, United States Senator from Arizona and 2008 Republican nominee for President of the United States. In his speech, McCain culminated the Republican convention by accepting his party's nomination for President of the United States. He was introduced by a video tribute.
Cindy McCain, wife of John McCain. Before appearing on stage, a video tribute honoring Cindy McCain was shown to the delegates. She then appeared and introduced the seven McCain children. McCain portrayed her husband as a "straight talker" and a father who, by example, has passed his love of his country onto his children. She avoided criticizing Democratic nominee Barack Obama, rather she praised her husband, saying, "He has shown the value of self-sacrifice by daily example and, above all John showers us with the unconditional love and support every family dreams of. I know what his children say of him. And his courageous service to America in war and peace leaves no doubt what our forefathers would make of him." She also showed her support for vice presidential nominee Sarah Palin, all before her husband took the stage.
Tim Pawlenty, Governor of Minnesota
Tom Ridge, Former Governor of Pennsylvania
Sam Brownback, United States Senator from Kansas
Bill Frist, Former United States Senate Majority Leader
Mel Martinez, United States Senator from Florida
John Ensign, United States Senator from Nevada
Lindsey Graham, United States Senator from South Carolina
Tom Cole, United States Representative from Oklahoma
Mary Fallin, United States Representative from Oklahoma
Marsha Blackburn, United States Representative from Tennessee
Aaron Schock, 27-year-old Illinois State Representative; nominee for U.S. House of Representatives
Rosario Marin, Former Treasurer of the United States
Hosting city selection
Four cities made bids to the Republican National Committee (RNC) for proposals to host the 2008 Convention. Those cities were Cleveland, Ohio; Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota; New York City, New York; and Tampa-St. Petersburg, Florida. The RNC Selection Committee made its recommendation for Minneapolis-Saint Paul and on September 27, 2006, the RNC made its decision public that the 2008 Republican National Convention would be held in Minneapolis-Saint Paul. The RNC made their decision earlier than originally scheduled because the Democratic National Committee (DNC) also had Minneapolis-Saint Paul as a finalist among bidding cities. (After the RNC's selection, the DNC removed Minneapolis-Saint Paul from consideration which left the DNC with only two cities to choose from: New York City and Denver, Colorado.) This is the second time the Minneapolis-Saint Paul area held the Republican National Conventionâthe first was held in 1892.
Political significance
The 27 electoral college votes from Minnesota, Wisconsin and Iowa as a blockâequal in value to Florida'sâwas judged by the University of Minnesota Elections project to be subject to swing toward either major party. Even so, Minnesota has not gone to the Republicans since the 1972 election when during his reelection President Richard Nixon won every state except Massachusetts and the District of Columbia. In 1984, during his reelection, President Ronald Reagan was victorious over Minnesota's "favorite son," Walter Mondale, in all states except Minnesota, and the District of Columbia.
Since the U.S. Constitution limits the president to two terms and vice president Dick Cheney did not seek the presidency, the 2008 election was the first election in which neither the sitting president nor the sitting vice president sought his party's nomination since 1928 (when neither the sitting president, Calvin Coolidge, nor the sitting vice president, Charles G. Dawes, chose to seek the presidency) and the first since 1952 where neither the sitting president nor sitting vice president received his party's nomination (when the sitting president, Harry S. Truman, chose not to seek reelection and the sitting vice president, Alben Barkley, lost the Democratic Nomination to Adlai Stevenson). With the exception of the 1964 convention, which nominated Barry Goldwater for president and William E. Miller for vice-president, this was the first convention since 1948 not to feature a man named either Nixon, Dole or Bush on the ticket.
Sarah Palin, nominated for vice president, became the first female on the Republican presidential ticket.
Considering the signs that were waved by the delegates, the dominant message of the convention was "Country First." The "U.S.A.!" chant was also a part of the message of the convention with the delegates chanting it during Lieberman's and Thompson's speeches on the first evening.
Scheduling
With the landfall of Hurricane Gustav on the U.S. Gulf Coast, the White House canceled the planned appearances of President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney. Governors Bobby Jindal of Louisiana and Rick Perry of Texas skipped the convention to remain in their states during the hurricane's landfall. The Monday, September 1, 2008, schedule was compressed to two hours from seven. McCain called on the party to reduce partisan activities ahead of the hurricane's arrival. The Republican Party chartered a DC-9 to fly convention delegates representing the affected areas back home to their families. The last time a major hurricane struck in a Presidential-election year was Hurricane Andrew in 1992, which hit South Florida four days after the Republican Convention in Houston, Texas.
On March 26, 2008, the NFL and NBC agreed to move the kickoff time of a September 4 season-opening football game to 7:00Â p.m. EDT instead of 8:30Â p.m. EDT to accommodate the convention. The game ended relatively on time, at 10:01Â p.m. EDT, with NBC Sports handing off to NBC News within moments of the end of the game. According to Nielsen Media Research, 38.9 million Americans watched McCain deliver his acceptance speechâa half million more than tuned in to see Obama the previous week.
Delegate count
To be selected as the 2008 Republican Party Nominee, a candidate must have received the vote of 1,191 delegates. As of March 4, 2008, McCain had received the pledges of more than 1,191 delegates. Although most of those delegates were not required to vote for him, on September 3, 2008, McCain won the nomination almost unanimously.
Palin was nominated for vice president by voice vote on September 4, 2008.
Hurricane Gustav
Several early predictions made by the National Hurricane Center showed Minneapolis-St. Paul on the predicted ground track of Hurricane Gustav. Gustav would have long been extra-tropical by the time it reached the area, it could have caused a significant impact to the convention due to rain. Most of the convention's activities were curtailed as Gustav neared, and President Bush canceled his plans to attend the convention. As the hurricane moved inland, its track shifted well to the east missing the area by several hundred miles.
Protests
Approximately 10,000 largely peaceful protesters marched against the war in Iraq and 2,000 more to end homelessness and poverty. They represented a number of organizations opposed to the Republican Administration including the Poor People's Economic Human Rights Campaign, Veterans for Peace, Iraq Veterans Against the War, Military Families Speak Out, the Teamsters, Code Pink, the American Indian Movement and the RNC Welcoming Committee. About 1,000 people in place for the third major march, and the last to be sanctioned, were stopped on Thursday, September 4, 2008, by police because they attempted to begin their march after the time their march permit expired. The Anti-War Committee, which supports nonviolent action and civil disobedience and had cooperated with anarchist groups, had organized and publicized the march to protest at the time of McCain's acceptance speech, which was in violation of the court-approved protest permit time.
Ron Paul's Campaign for Liberty and 10,000 Ron Paul supporters attended the Rally for the Republic, a protest convention on September 2, 2008, held a few miles from the Xcel Energy Center at the Minneapolis Target Center in direct contrast to the Republican National Convention.
Several groups had been preparing to protest near the convention.
In early January 2008, protesters marched from the Minnesota State Capitol to the Xcel Energy Center in hopes of securing a protest permit. The Saint Paul Police Department authorized the event, but only approved the permit through July 2008. On February 8 and February 9, 2008, antiwar protesters attended a weekend conference at the University of Minnesota to discuss the protests and antiwar rally. On February 28, 2008, the Associated Press (AP) reported that the police department adopted new guidelines for the investigation of protest groups. The police department said that this did not have anything to do with the convention.
In early March 2008, the city of Saint Paul gave the first permits to protest organizers. The city had said that it was not going to follow the "New York model" for protest security, referring to the tactics the New York City Police Department used for the 2004 Republican National Convention protest activity. Later, on March 24, 2008, the antiwar group the Coalition to March on the RNC and Stop the War, sued the city, claiming their free speech and due process rights were denied by the vagueness of the permits which did not specify a permitted route for their march. On July 16, 2008, a Federal judge upheld the terms of the permit. And when the time came on September 2, 2008, police led the Poor People's Economic Human Rights Campaign for two hours on a trek away from the convention which had been less than from their starting point.
Search warrants and arrests
Before the convention began, search warrants were executed by Ramsey County Sheriff Bob Fletcher in coordination with the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Six persons who were a part of the organizing group, the RNC Welcoming Committee, were arrested when police executed search warrants on a handful of homes in Minneapolis and Saint Paul during the weekend preceding the convention.
Media outlets reported on several of the searches. Given the nature of the probable cause for the warrant applications, a district court judge authorized no-knock warrants. Police entered the homes wearing body armor with weapons drawn, which is standard for no-knock warrants. RNC Welcoming Committee members detained at the group's headquarters, located in an old theater on Saint Paul's West Side, were ultimately arrested by Ramsey County Sheriff Bob Fletcher of misdemeanor fire code violations.
On the first day of the convention, a group of protesters stood in front of approximately 30 to 40 delegates from Connecticut in an attempt to prevent them from entering the convention. Paramedics had to treat an 83-year-old member of the delegation for breathing problems when his credentials were ripped from his neck by a protester. Additionally, a black bloc smashed windows of downtown businesses and slashed the tires several police cars, lit one police car on fire, and used a garbage dumpster as a battering ram against another. About 12 protesters were arrested.
During the convention's first three days, more than 300 individuals were detained by police, including journalists, healthcare workers, and legal observers. Some were released, but nearly half received felony charges. Of these felony arrests, many cases were dropped or reviewed, sometimes for lesser charges, and about 21 were found to be prosecutable. About 102 persons were arrested for unlawful assembly at a Rage Against the Machine concert in downtown Minneapolis.
Over the four days of the convention, more than 30 journalists were arrested while reporting on the protests. The arrests included journalists from national organizations such as AP and Democracy Now!, journalists from local radio and TV stations, as well as university journalism students and advisors.
Three journalists from Democracy Now!âincluding principal host Amy Goodmanâwere detained by police during their reporting on the protests. According to a press release by Democracy Now!, Goodman was arrested after confronting officers regarding the arrest of her colleagues. The officers were in the midst of crowd control, and ordered Goodman to move back. She was arrested after refusing the officer's orders. All were held on charges of "probable cause for riot". Several news sources have criticized the arrest as unlawful and a violation of the freedom of the press, and warned of the "chilling effects" of such measures. Democracy Now! journalist Amy Goodman and producers Sharif Abdel Kouddous and Nicole Salazar
prevailed in a lawsuit against the cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul and the U.S. Secret Service
brought by the Center for Constitutional Rights, attorney Steven Reiss from Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP in New York, and Albert Goins of Minneapolis. The federal lawsuit asserted that the government cannot, in the name of security, limit the flow of information by intimidating and arresting journalists who engage in constitutionally protected reporting on speech protected by the First Amendment, such as dissent or law enforcement activities. The settlement included compensation of $100,000 for the three journalists and an agreement by the St. Paul Police Department to implement a training program aimed at educating officers regarding the First Amendment rights of the press and public with respect to police operations â including police handling of media coverage of mass demonstrations â and to pursue implementation of the training program in Minneapolis and statewide.
The final protest march was permitted for 2:00 to 5:00Â p.m. on the final day of the convention. This meant that the last of the marchers needed to be back on capitol grounds by 5Â p.m. By 4Â p.m., the march had still not left the capitol grounds. Understanding that the protesters were interested in being near the Xcel Energy Center when delegates were, police offered a compromise: march leaders were told that if they started their march before 5Â p.m., police would allow it to continue past the permit time. March organizers refused. When the final protest march permit expired at 5Â p.m., overpasses over Interstate 94 leading into downtown from the state capitol were closed. Two hours later, when the final assembly permit on capitol grounds expired and protesters refused several commands to disperse, police used tear gas, smoke bombs, pepper spray, flash bangs, mounted police, paint marker rounds, and rubber bullets to prevent an antiwar march organized by the Anti-War Committee to march on the Xcel Energy center. This march would have been in violation of the court-approved march permits. Between 300 and 400 people were arrested or held including 19 journalists, among them AP reporters Amy Forliti and Jon Krawczynski, reporters from Twin Cities Daily Planet and The Uptake, and Paul Demko of The Minnesota Independent. Total arrests of convention protesters numbered approximately 800, although only 15 cases resulted in criminal charges. Several suits were started in U.S. District Court, claiming civil rights abuses by the St. Paul Police Department and other agencies involved in the RNC, particularly the Minneapolis Police Department and Ramsey County Sheriff's Office. Search warrants were still being granted into 2009 in relation to the events that transpired during the 2008 RNC.
Post-RNC convictions of protesters
Bradley Neal Crowder of Midland, Texas, pleaded guilty in federal court on January 8, 2009, to one charge of possessing an unregistered firearm (as Molotov cocktails are defined under federal law) in return for prosecutors dropping two other firearm charges. Each of the three charges carried a maximum of 10 years in prison. He is still awaiting sentencing to between 30 and 46 months in prison depending on whether U.S. Chief Judge Michael J. Davis decides that he played a minor or major role in the crime. Crowder has been in jail since his September 1, 2008, arrest for disorderly conduct.
David Guy McKay, also of Midland, Texas, was initially released on bail on February 2, 2009, after his first trial ended in a hung jury. The case never went to retrial as on March 17, McKay accepted a plea deal and plead guilty to three federal felonies: possession of an unregistered firearm (Molotov cocktails), illegal manufacture of a firearm, and possession of a firearm with no serial number, in return for the government not seeking four additional sentencing points for "intent to use" the Molotov cocktails. Based on transcripts from his first trial, McKay had a good chance of proving entrapment, but if found guilty, he could have faced 30 years in prison on the weapons charges alone. As of May 21, 2009, McKay was sentenced to 2 years in prison and a further 3 years of supervision.
A total of twenty-one individuals were charged with felony crimes. Three pleaded guilty and charges were dropped for two people. An attempt at charging the "RNC 8" with a post-9/11 Minnesota Patriot Act statute "609.714 Crimes committed in furtherance of terrorism" was also dropped.
Both McKay and Crowder were arrested based on FBI surveillance and testimony by former-activist turned informant, Brandon Michael Darby and Andrew C. Darst, also known as "Panda," "warchyld" or Killswitch. Darst is currently being charged in Ramsey County, MN, with two felony counts of first- and second-degree burglary as well as fifth-degree assault relating to a January 11, 2009, domestic disturbance.
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Georgia Henshaw (born 11 July 1993) is a Welsh actress best known for her roles on British television. Among her leading roles have been those of Rosie, a member of "The Ace Gang" in Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging, and as JJ's love interest, Lara, in Skins. She has also appeared as Cassie Claypole in the BBC Three show Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps. From 2011 to 2012, she starred in the BBC One school-based drama series, Waterloo Road, as Madi Diamond.
Filmography
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The 2018â19 DePaul Blue Demons men's basketball team represented DePaul University during the 2018â19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by fourth-year (seventh overall with DePaul) head coach Dave Leitao and played their home games at the Wintrust Arena in Chicago as members of the Big East Conference. They finished the season 19â17, 7â11 in Big East play to finish in a three-way tie for last place. As the No. 10 seed in the Big East tournament, they lost in the first round to St. John's. They received a bid to the College Basketball Invitational where they defeated Central Michigan, Longwood, and Coastal Carolina to advance to the championship series against South Florida. There, in a best-of-three series, they lost to South Florida two games to one.
Previous season
The Blue Demons finished the 2017â18 season 11â20, 4â14 in Big East play to finish in a tie for ninth place. They lost in the first round of the Big East tournament to Marquette.
Offseason
Departures
Incoming transfers
2018 recruiting class
2019 recruiting class
Roster
Schedule and results
|-
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|-
!colspan=9 style=|Non-conference regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Big East regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Big East tournament
|-
!colspan=9 style=| College Basketball Invitational
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Geranium bicknellii is a species of geranium known by the common names Bicknell's cranesbill and northern cranesbill. It is native to much of the northern half of North America, where it can be found in a number of forest and woodland habitats. This is an annual or biennial herb which grows hairy stems up to about half a meter long. It may be erect or lie near the ground. Each leaf is several centimeters long and wide and is divided into several lobes, each of which may have smaller lobes or teeth. Flowers grow singly or in pairs and have pointed sepals and small lavender petals, each with a notch in the tip. The fruit has a rounded body with a long, straight style about 2 centimeters in length and tipped with a small beak.
Geranium bicknellii is a fire-adapted species, occurring most abundantly in recently burned forests. The seeds remain dormant while buried in the forest floor, sometimes for centuries, until a fire removes the organic litter and exposes the seeds to sunlight. The geraniums will germinate, bloom, and set seed profusely for several years after the fire, until other plants grow large enough to shade them out. The new seeds will then lie dormant in the soil, waiting for the next fire.
The leaves of this species and some related species are somewhat difficult to distinguish from those of some plants in the family Ranunculaceae, particularly members of the genera Aconitum and Delphinium. They have also been confused with members of the genus Ranunculus, which is also part of that family, such as the meadow buttercup, Ranunculus acris. As the species from this family with a similar leaf shape are toxic to ingest or sometimes even touch, especially in the case of Aconitum species, it is possible that this is an example of mimicry designed to reduce herbivory. However, it may simply be accidental, due to adaption to conditions. As the family Ranunculaceae is especially ancient, other families have had quite a lot of time to mimic their characteristics via selection by herbivory.
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Nasya Dimitrova (Bulgarian Cyrillic: ÐаÑÑ ÐОЌОÑÑПва) (born on 6 November 1992) is an international volleyball player from Bulgaria.
She participated in the 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League. 2021 Women's European Volleyball League, winning a gold medal,and 2022 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.
She currently plays for Bulgaria and CS Dinamo BucureÈti as middle blocker.
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The Rebirth of Tragedy is Twelve Tribes's second album.
Track listing
"Post Replica"
"Baboon Music"
"Translation of Fixes"
"Venus Complex"
"Backburner"
"Chroma"
"The Train Bridge"
"Godshaped War"
"Luma"
"Flight of the Pathogen"
Credits
Adam Jackson - vocals
Andrew Corpus - guitar
Kevin Schindel - guitar
Matt Tackett - bass guitar
Shane Shook - drums
2004 albums
Twelve Tribes (band) albums | {
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Charisma Taylor (born September 3, 1999) is a Bahamian hurdler and jumper from Nassau, Bahamas who competes in the 100m Hurdles, triple jump and long jump. She attended SPIRE Institute and Academy in Geneva, Ohio, before going on to compete for Washington State Cougars and the Tennessee Volunteers.
Taylor has won multiple CARIFTA Games gold medals.
Personal bests
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Euseius odoratus is a species of mite in the family Phytoseiidae.
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Jazeh (also Romanized as Jezeh; also known as Gazeh) is a village in Kuhpayeh Rural District, in the Central District of Kashan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 288, in 83 families.
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åšåº« â | {
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"date": "2016-12-08T00:15:37"
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PrzemysÅaw MiarczyÅski (born 26 August 1979) is a Polish windsurfer and Olympic athlete.
MiarczyÅski already competed at the top-level when he was a teenager, becoming a multiple medal winner in Junior and Youth World Championships. During the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, he finished in eighth position in the mistral class. In 2001 he won a silver medal at the Junior and Senior World Championships. He became World Champion in 2003 and finished in fifth position during the 2004 Summer Olympics. In the Olympic season, he also became European Champion and a World Champion runner-up.
MiarczyÅski won the bronze medal at the 2006 RS:X World Championships. He finished only one point behind world champion Casper Bouman and Tom Ashley who had as much points as Bouman. The gap between MiarczyÅski and fourth placed Joeri van Dijk was 24 points.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he won the bronze medal in the RS:X class.
Achievements
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Kasthuri is an Indian Tamil-language soap opera that aired on Sun TV from 21 August 2006 and later a show named 'Madhavi' replaced this serial on 19 April 2010. It shifted at 11.30AM. This serial was replaced by Kanmaneeya and again shifted on 13 December 2011, telecasted for 1532 episodes. The show starred Easwari Rao, Niya, Latha, Delhi Ganesh, Shyam, Neelima Rani, Aparna and Nithish among others. It was produced by Balaji Telefilms Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor, and had various directors. It also aired in Sri Lanka on the Tamil channel on Shakthi TV. It is an official remake of blockbuster Telugu series Kalyanee which aired on Gemini TV.
Plot
The story of a village girl who marries a groom from the city. Ram is the groom and wants a modern and educated wife. While he and his parents come to this village to see Kasturi, unknowingly he sees another girl who is fairer near the well of the house. Thinking that she is Kasthuri (Easwari Rao), Ram says OK for the marriage, and they arrange the marriage. On the date of marriage, Ram is shocked to see the real Kasturi very dark in color and not educated or looks modern. However, there is no choice for him other than to marry Kasthuri (Easwari Rao), so he marries her. Later he brings Kasturi to his residence in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Ram later identifies the girl he had seen in the village, gets in touch with her, and hides the truth that he is married to Kasturi and marries that girl. There is a friend of Ram who is very polite and responsible. He helps Kasturi and her father to reunite with Ram again. The entire serial showcases how Kasthuri (Easwari Rao) solves all the problems when she is alone without Ram.
Cast
Main
Easwari Rao/ Niya /Easwari Rao as Kasthuri
Jayakrishnan as Ram
Supraja / Kavitha Solairajan as Rekha
Supporting
Production
Ekta Kapoor decided to produce a village based serial in Indian Television using Sun Network to telecast the serial. At first Kalyanee was produced on Gemini TV in the year 2005 Gayathri Sastry, the fame of Metti Oli who played as lead role in that serial. After the success of serial, she planned to remake the series Kalyanee. Later it was remade as Kasthuri on Sun TV. Easwari Rao played the role of Kasthuri, and the series was accepted by all people including villagers.
In 2006 it was remade as Kalyani on Surya TV in Malayalam and in same name of Kalyani in Kannada on Udaya TV. In Telugu version were ended in 2010 and Malayalam version were ended in 2008 , Kannada version was abruptly ended in 2012.
In 2009 the lead of serial Easwari Rao left and Niya was replaced as Kasthuri and it got low TRP ratings and again Easwari Rao was replaced and still led as Kasthuri until 2012.
In 2010 a series named Nadhaswaram was aired on prime time and some serials in Sun TV changed time slots and this serial was pushed back to 11:30am.
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Weekend of a Champion (alternately titled Afternoon of a Champion) is a British 1972 documentary film that captures the effort of British Formula One racing driver Jackie Stewart to compete in the 1971 Monaco Grand Prix in Monte Carlo. Stewart's friend Roman Polanski produced the film and shadows him throughout the weekend of the race.
The film premiered at the 1972 Berlin Film Festival andâ after a small theatrical release in Europeâ was unscreened for 40 years. The archive in possession of the negative contacted Polanski, inquiring as to whether they should keep the film or throw it away. Polanski restored the film from the original print, remixing and slightly recutting it. An approximately 15-minute epilogue was added, showing Polanski and Stewart reminiscing in present-day Monaco, having a conversation about their friendship, the evolution of racing safety, hairstyles, and life in general.
Production
Having no experience with documentaries, Polanski recruited Frank Simon to direct the film. They both accompanied Stewart to Monaco for that year's Grand Prix.
Four decades later, the Technicolor lab in London contacted Polanski to say that they were getting rid of all their old negatives. In conversations with producer Brett Ratner, the idea of polishing it up for a reissue took shape.
About the film, Stewart said "working with Roman Polanski was very nice for me not only because he was a good friend, but when the movies come out, it's very straightforward. It's cinema vérité and it showed how it was."
Cameos
Graham Hill
François Cevert
Joan Collins
Ringo Starr
Grace Kelly
Prince Rainier III
Release
The re-released film was screened out of competition as an Official Selection at the Cannes Film Festival in 2013. It had a limited U.S. theatrical release on 22 November 2013.
Home media
A Region 2 DVD was released by Universal Pictures UK on 4 November 2013.
Reception
Accolades
Critical reception
Weekend of a Champion received generally favorable reviews from critics. The film has a 71% "fresh" rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 14 reviews. Metacritic rates Weekend of a Champion a score of 63/100 based on 9 reviews ("generally favorable").
Calum Marsh of The Village Voice stated that "the result is a pleasure, perhaps as much for audiences as for Polanski; it's a chance to luxuriate in the atmosphere of world-class Formula One, here a lavish free-love party interrupted now and again by a few laps on the track. In a way, Weekend of a Champion is less about the sport than the extravagant lifestyle sports stardom apparently precipitates â the tireless carousing, the inexhaustible atmosphere of celebration. Stewart and Polanski potter about Monaco like kings surveying the scope of their lands.".
Mike D'Angelo of The A.V. Club gave the film a Bâ grade and stated that it "serves as a terrific primer on auto racing. Its climactic chronicle of the actual Grand Prix is a bit pedestrian (forgive that pun), due to the nature of Monaco's street circuit; Simon and Polanski just can't secure many worthwhile angles on the action. [...] All in all, the original 1972 version of Weekend Of A Champion, which ran a fleet 80 minutes, was probably a thorough if minor pleasure. Unfortunately, that's not the version now being released. Polanski says that he felt the need to re-edit the picture in order to make its rhythm more palatable to a modern audience; presumably, that means the new version is punchier, though it's hard to say without being able to make a direct comparison. Much more damagingly, he's added a 20-minute present-day epilogue in which he and Stewart sit in their same hotel room from 1971 and discuss the various ways in which they, Monaco, and Formula One have changed over the past four decades."
Dade Hayes, writing for Forbes, stated that "[f]or fans of 1970s "New Hollywood" cinema, Formula 1 auto racing and exaggerated sideburns, the release of Weekend of a Champion is like Christmas morning. [...] Sensory pleasures abound in the film, which captures the swirl of royalty and celebrity in Monaco, but also the rigors of elite-level racing and the uncanny acumen of Stewart".
Jeannette Catsoulis of The New York Times gave the film 2.5 stars out of 5 and stated that "[t]he combination of fast cars, gorgeous men and Monte Carlo sounds a lot like heaven, but Frank Simon's Weekend of a Champion will appeal mostly to motor-racing enthusiasts and movie archaeologists. [...] [T]his newly restored and updated documentary offers a minor sidebar to two major careers."
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"url": "http://www.leela.jp/grace/part2/title4-day1-5.html",
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Galagedara is a village in the Western Province of Sri Lanka.
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Claire Conner McCaskill (born July 24, 1953) is an American politician who served as a United States senator from Missouri from 2007 to 2019 and as State Auditor of Missouri from 1999 to 2007.
McCaskill is a native of Rolla, Missouri. She graduated from the University of Missouri and the University of Missouri School of Law. A member of the Democratic Party, McCaskill served as a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1983 to 1989, as Jackson County Prosecutor from 1993 to 1998, and as the 34th State Auditor of Missouri from 1999 to 2007. She ran for Governor of Missouri in the 2004 election, defeating Democratic incumbent Bob Holden in the Democratic primary and losing to Republican Matt Blunt in a close general election.
McCaskill was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2006. While the 2nd female senator to have represented Missouri, she is the 1st female candidate elected to the Senate from Missouri. (Jean Carnahan was appointed upon the death of her husband.) Re-elected in 2012, McCaskill was defeated in 2018 by Republican challenger Josh Hawley. , McCaskill is a political analyst for MSNBC and NBC and a visiting fellow at the University of Chicago Institute of Politics.
Early life, education and early law career
McCaskill was born in Rolla, Missouri. Her father, William Young McCaskill (1925â1993), served as a state Insurance Commissioner during the administration of Governor Warren E. Hearnes. Her mother, Betty Anne (née Ward; 1928â2012), was the first woman elected to the city council of Columbia, Missouri. Betty Anne McCaskill lost a race for a seat in the state House of Representatives to Leroy Blunt, the father of U.S. Senator Roy Blunt and grandfather of former Missouri Governor Matt Blunt.
McCaskill spent her early childhood in the small Missouri town of Houston, later moving to Lebanon, and eventually Columbia. She attended David H. Hickman High School in Columbia, where she was a cheerleader, Pep Club president, a member of the debate club, a musical cast member, and homecoming queen. While attending the University of Missouri, McCaskill joined Kappa Alpha Theta sorority, graduating in 1975 with a B.A. in political science. She received her Juris Doctor (J.D.) from the University of Missouri School of Law in 1978. In the summer of 1974, before graduating from the University of Missouri, McCaskill studied at the Institute on Comparative Political and Economic Systems at Georgetown University.
From the time she graduated from law school in 1978 until her exit from the U.S. Senate in January 2019, McCaskill spent all but three years of her professional career in the public sector. The exception is the three years she spent in private practice as an attorney in a Kansas City law firm (1989 to 1991). Following her graduation from law school, she spent one year as a law clerk on the Missouri Court of Appeals for the Western District, which sits in Kansas City. Thereafter, McCaskill joined the Jackson County prosecutor's office, where she specialized in arson cases.
Early political career
State legislature
In 1982, McCaskill was elected to represent the Brookside neighborhood of Kansas City in the Missouri House of Representatives. She left the State House and contemplated running for Jackson County Prosecutor in 1988, but did not pursue the position when her mentor, fellow Democrat and incumbent Prosecutor Albert Riederer decided to seek another term.
County politics
In 1990, McCaskill was elected to the Jackson County Legislature (the equivalent of a county commission or county council).
In February 1991, she testified in favor of a Missouri Senate bill that would prohibit a man accused of raping his wife from using marriage as a defense. "This is simply an issue of fundamental justice. It's embarrassing that we live in a state where it's okay to rape your wife", McCaskill said.
In December 1991, McCaskill announced her intention to run for county prosecutor. At the time of the announcement, Riederer had not announced whether he was going to seek reelection. McCaskill said that crime had "run amok" during Riederer's eleven years as county prosecutor. McCaskill won the Democratic primary, and she went on to win the 1992 general election with 53 percent of the vote. McCaskill was the first woman to serve as prosecutor for Jackson County. She was reelected in 1996 with 71 percent of the vote.
State Auditor
In 1998, McCaskill was elected as State Auditor with 50.3 percent of the vote in the general election. She was the second female to hold the post, the first having been her immediate predecessor, Margaret B. Kelly.
When McCaskill ran for reelection in 2002, the winner of the Republican Party primary was Al Hanson, who had previously been incarcerated for fraud. Hanson said he was qualified to detect fraud because he had committed fraud himself. Because of Hanson's history, the leader of the Missouri Republican Party urged voters not to vote for Hanson in the general election. McCaskill was reelected with 60 percent of the vote.
2004 gubernatorial campaign
On August 3, 2004, McCaskill defeated incumbent Governor Bob Holden in the Democratic primary, becoming the first candidate to defeat an incumbent Governor in a primary election in state history.
On November 2, 2004, McCaskill lost to her Republican opponent, then-Secretary of State Matt Blunt in the general election by a margin of 51% to 48%. McCaskill's loss to Blunt was the first defeat in her twenty-year political career.
U.S. Senate
Elections
2006
Both incumbent Jim Talent and McCaskill easily defeated their opponents in their respective primaries on August 8, 2006. McCaskill and Talent debated each other on Meet the Press on October 8, 2006. On November 8, 2006, McCaskill defeated Talent by a margin of 49.6% to 47.3% with two minor-party candidates taking the remainder.
2012
McCaskill ran unopposed in the Democratic primary and faced Republican nominee Todd Akin in the general election. Until mid-August, polling showed them running neck and neck. Then, in a television interview on August 12, Akin claimed that women who were the victims of what he described as "legitimate rape" rarely ended up pregnant. His comments caused controversy and he was criticized by members of both parties. He faced calls to withdraw from the race but did not do so, and McCaskill opened up an increasing lead in opinion polls. Akin's comments caused a backlash among voters, particularly women, and McCaskill was re-elected with 54.7% of the vote to his 39.2%.
In August 2015, McCaskill penned a Politico article describing how she indirectly helped Akinâwho she believed would make a weak general election candidateâwin the Republican primary. Specifically, her campaign ran ads during primary season criticizing Akin as being too conservative; McCaskill did this to encourage conservatives (via reverse psychology) to vote for Akin. Washington Post contributor Jonathan Adler and others questioned whether McCaskill's indirect coordination with the Akin campaign constituted an unreported and in-kind contribution to Akin's campaign in violation of federal election law.
2018
McCaskill announced she was running for her third term. As of January 2018, six declared Democratic opponents, and five Republicans, including poll leader state Attorney General Josh Hawley, were declared candidates for the GOP primary. On July 27, The Daily Beast reported that Microsoft had discovered that in September 2017, GRU "Fancy Bear" hackers had attempted spoofing hacks of her staff aides' email in an attempt to target her candidacy efforts, on behalf of the Russian state. Less than three weeks before the November general election, conservative group Project Veritas released secretly recorded video footage of statements by McCaskill and her campaign staff that appeared to differ from their public stances on several issues. In response, McCaskill said she has been "very upfront about all my positions", and called on Republican opponent Hawley to launch an investigation into whether state laws were violated in capturing and publishing the footage. On election day, Hawley received 51.5% of the vote, to McCaskill's 45.5%. She has said that one of the reasons she lost was her party's lack of reach to rural Americans.
Tenure
McCaskill was the first elected woman to represent Missouri in the U.S. Senate. Jean Carnahan was appointed to the Senate following her husband's death and posthumous election, but was defeated in a close election by Jim Talent.
In 2006, McCaskill defeated Talent for a full term.
In 2011, she became Missouri's senior Senator when Roy Blunt took office as the junior Senator.
Political positions
Through 2012, McCaskill was named by the National Journal as one of the ten most "moderate" Senators. In 2011, she was ranked 50th on its scale of the 100 senators, from most liberal to most conservative. In 2013, the National Journal rated McCaskill's voting record as 53% liberal and 47% conservative. The Washington Post reported in 2012 that she was the second-most-likely Democratic Senator to vote against her party. The conservative Americans for Prosperity gave her a 30% score for being in line with their positions in 2016. The progressive Americans for Democratic Action gave her a 65% liberal quotient in 2015. As of 2018, FiveThirtyEight, which tracks Congressional votes, found that McCaskill voted with President Donald Trump's position 45% of the time.
2008 presidential election
In January 2008, McCaskill endorsed then-Senator Barack Obama in his campaign for the Democratic nomination for president, making her one of the first Senators to do so. She was one of the most visible faces for his campaign, and her support was crucial to Obama's narrow victory in the Missouri primary in February 2008. She has credited her daughter Maddie as having persuaded her to publicly endorse Obama. She was frequently mentioned as a possible vice-presidential nominee for Obama, but was never seriously considered. She spoke on the opening day of the Democratic National Convention in August 2008.
2016 presidential election
In 2013, McCaskill announced that she would be supporting Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. During the primaries, McCaskill was among Clinton's top surrogates. She described Bernie Sanders as "too liberal" and "extreme" and saying that the enthusiasm of his supporters was no more impressive than that of Ron Paul's supporters in 2012. On March 21, after Clinton's sweep of Southern primaries, McCaskill called for Sanders to throw his support to Clinton.
Economic issues
In 2013, the National Journal gave her a 46% score on "Liberal on Economic Policy" and a 53% score on "Conservative on Economic Policy". In 2016, FreedomWorks and the Club for Growth, both of which support lower taxes, gave her ratings of 10% and 15%, respectively.
In November 2017, President Trump visited Missouri to promote his tax bill and said that if McCaskill didn't support his tax plan, she should be voted out of office. She said that she could support a tax bill put together "in a bipartisan way" and that she would support "doubling the standard deduction", "enhancing the child tax credit", and even "some corporate tax relief as long as we were cleaning up some of the loopholes that allow so many corporations to avoid paying their fair share." But she did not support Trump's tax bill, which in Missouri, she said, would mainly help rich St. Louis suburbanites.
Ahead of an August 7, 2018, Missouri vote on Proposition A on adopting a right-to-work law in Missouri, McCaskill endorsed a "no" vote on the proposition.
Immigration
In 2010, McCaskill voted for the DREAM Act, which would have given undocumented immigrants who entered the United States as children a pathway to citizenship provided that they fulfilled certain conditions.
In January 2018, McCaskill and three other Democratic senators were cosponsors of the Border and Port Security Act, legislation that would mandate that US Customs and Border Protection "hire, train and assign at least 500 officers per year until the number of needed positions the model identifies is filled" in addition to requiring the commissioner of Customs and Border Protection to determine potential equipment and infrastructure improvements that could be used for ports of entry.
McCaskill has said that "protecting the DREAMers has to be a very top priority." McCaskill opposed the Trump administration's policy of separating immigrant families who illegally crossed the border, and supported legislation to end the family separation policy.
Government spending
She co-sponsored the Saving Federal Dollars Through Better Use of Government Purchase and Travel Cards Act, which sought to improve the processes related to the use of credit cards by government employees.
Armed services
As a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, McCaskill has called for nuclear weapons modernization. In June 2017, she voted to support Trump's $350 billion arms deal with Saudi Arabia.
On January 14, 2014, she introduced the Victims Protection Act of 2014 (S. 1917; 113th Congress), which seeks to help victims of sexual assault in the military. This bill was a watered down version of a similar sexual assault bill previously introduced by Senator Kirsten Gillibrand. The latter proposal would have streamlined the prosecution process by removing it from the military chain of command. McCaskills' bill allows victims to give a preference as to whether they would prefer their cases to be tried in the military or in the civilian justice system. The bill passed the Senate on March 10, 2014, by a vote of 97â0.
Disaster recovery
As a member of the Senate ad hoc subcommittee on disaster recovery, McCaskill criticized the Federal Emergency Management Agency's handling of Hurricane Katrina recovery efforts.
Health care
In 2017, the Planned Parenthood Action Fund gave her a 100% lifetime rating for her positions on health care. In 2016, the American Public Health Association also gave her a 100% rating for the positions she had taken on health-care issues during the previous year.
McCaskill voted for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, popularly known as ObamaCare, in December 2009.
In April 2017, McCaskill expressed her opposition to a single-payer healthcare system, saying it is too expensive and not realistic.
In August 2017, she introduced the Health Care Options for All Act, whereby people living in counties with no health-care exchanges "would be able to buy coverage through the D.C. small business exchange, called SHOP", with the U.S. government "contribut[ing] toward the cost of premiums if they meet a certain income threshold." Criticizing Trump's health-care bill in September 2017, she called it "a bait-and-switch, in which they're trying to buy off certain states with promises of more money now, but with no guarantee that healthcare dollars in our state won't ultimately go down." She added that the bill would not help "folks in Missouri who've been sick before and have a pre-existing condition, and older Missourians."
At each event during her 2018 re-election bid campaign, McCaskill asked attendees with preexisting conditions to stand up, and vowed to keep in place health insurance protections for such individuals.
Gun law
McCaskill received an "F" rating from the National Rifle Association (NRA) for not supporting their view of Second Amendment rights and opposing all right-to-carry legislation.
She voted for expanded background checks and co-sponsored the "Feinstein Amendment," a proposal that would have made it illegal for individuals on the terror watchlist to purchase guns. In January 2016, McCaskill was one of eighteen senators to sign a letter to Thad Cochran and Barbara Mikulski requesting that the Labor, Health and Education subcommittee hold a hearing on whether to allow the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to fund a study of gun violence and "the annual appropriations rider that some have interpreted as preventing it" with taxpayer dollars. The senators noted their support for taking steps "to fund gun-violence research, because only the United States government is in a position to establish an integrated public-health research agenda to understand the causes of gun violence and identify the most effective strategies for prevention." In June 2016, McCaskill participated in the Chris Murphy gun control filibuster and in a sit-in on the House floor urging votes for gun control.
In response to the 2017 Las Vegas shooting, McCaskill co-sponsored a bill to ban bump stocks.
Terrorism
During a 2013 congressional hearing, McCaskill asked Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano: "Based on the evidence at this point, is there any difference between Sandy Hook and Boston other than the choice of weapon?" McCaskill then urged Napolitano "to reevaluate when and how the federal government defines a criminal act as terrorism".
#MeToo
In October 2017, in the midst of a flurry of news reports about sexual assaults by politicians and other celebrities, McCaskill said on Meet the Press that while serving in the state legislature, she had asked the House Speaker, Bob F. Griffin, to discuss a bill she was sponsoring. "And I explained to him the bill I had, and did he have any advice for me on how I could get it out of committee?" McCaskill said. "And he looked at me, and he paused, and he said, 'Well, did you bring your knee pads?'"
Comments on men
In November 2015, in a video for The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, McCaskill encouraged men to "sometimes just shut the hell up." McCaskill added, "It's not that women don't value your thoughts, it's just that we don't value all of them." She then set forth a variety of topics about which "women no longer need to hear men's opinions." Regarding the topic of "what women do with their bodies", McCaskill advised men to "hush". McCaskill described the video as a joke.
LGBT rights
On March 24, 2013, McCaskill posted to Tumblr in support of same-sex marriage: "While churches should never be required to conduct marriages outside of their religious beliefs, neither should the government tell people who they have a right to marry."
On a November 4, 2020, MSNBC broadcast, McCaskill said that by supporting issues like abortion, same-sex marriage, and the rights of transgender people, whom McCaskill referred to as "transsexuals", Democrats "left voters behind and Republicans dove in." McCaskill apologized for using the word transsexuals, which she called a "hurtful term", the next day in a tweet, saying she was "tired" but admitting that is "never a good excuse". She further said that "our party should never leave behind our fight for equality for trans people or anyone else who has been marginalized by hate", adding that "my record reflects that."
Net neutrality
In January 2018, McCaskill announced her support for a Senate bill intended to reverse the Federal Communications Commission's repeal of net neutrality; as she was the 30th Senator to support the bill, it was ensured that the bill would reach the floor of the Senate. In October 2017, McCaskill was one of four Democrats who voted to confirm FCC Commissioner Ajit Pai, who announced the plan to reverse net neutrality rules earlier that year. In explaining her vote, McCaskill said that she disagreed with Pai on net neutrality but voted for Pai because "the president has a right to the chairman because he won the election". According to Ars Technica, "it's common for [FCC] commissioners to get broad bi-partisan support in the Senate even if their policies are opposed by one of the two major parties."
Trade
McCaskill opposed Trump's trade tariffs, saying they were "hurting Missouri farmers and manufacturing."
Israel Anti-Boycott Act
In June 2017, McCaskill co-sponsored the Israel Anti-Boycott Act, Senate Bill 720, which made it a federal crime, punishable by a maximum sentence of 20 years imprisonment, for Americans to encourage or participate in internationally sponsored boycotts against Israel and Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories if protesting actions by the Israeli government.
Voting rights
In July 2018, McCaskill introduced legislation that would make it illegal to knowingly and intentionally spread false information about an election, such as false information about the time and place of voting, voter qualifications and registration status. She said, "Misinformation campaigns intended only to suppress the vote and disenfranchise Missourians are crimes that run counter to our democratic values."
Committee assignments
Committee on Armed Services
Subcommittee on Airland
Subcommittee on Cybersecurity
Subcommittee on Personnel
United States Senate Committee on Finance
United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on International Trade, Customs, and Global Competitiveness
United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight
Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (Ranking Member)
Subcommittee on Federal Financial Management, Government Information and International Security
Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (Ranking Member)
Ad Hoc Subcommittee on State, Local, and Private Sector Preparedness and Integration
McCaskill also served as the Chairwoman of the Select Committee for the Impeachment of Samuel B. Kent, which was disbanded July 22, 2009, after Judge Kent resigned, and the United States Senate Homeland Security Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Contracting Oversight, which was disbanded in 2013.
Controversies
Private airplane
On March 16, 2011, McCaskill told reporters that she was "embarrassed" about revelations that her office had used taxpayer money for the senator's use of a private airplane she co-owned with her husband and friends. According to a government audit, the plane was used for 90 flights taken between Washington, D.C., and her home in suburban St. Louis, as well as to numerous sites around the state of Missouri. According to McCaskill's Senate office, all but 1 of the 90 flights in question were within Senate rules. As soon as the story broke, McCaskill sent a check for $88,000 to the U.S. Treasury as reimbursement for the flights.
The Missouri Republican Party filed a formal complaint with the Senate Ethics Committee on March 16. In response McCaskill said, "The Missouri Republican Party is going to try to ride this horse as long as they can. They're going to try to make this as big a deal as they can. Them filing the ethics complaint is about as surprising as the sun coming up." On March 21, 2011, Politico reported that McCaskill and her husband had failed to pay more than $280,000 in property taxes on the plane and were planning to sell it. "I have convinced my husband to sell the damn plane", McCaskill said on a conference call with reporters. "I will never set foot on the plane again". The Ethics Committee dismissed the Missouri GOP's complaint.
The plane, a 2001 Pilatus PC-12, was sold in October 2011. It was stored at Spirit of St. Louis Airport, McCaskill confirmed, and owned by Timesaver LLC, a Delaware-based limited liability company. McCaskill noted that she had paid $38,800 in sales taxes on the plane, and she had only recently (as of March 2011) become aware that Missouri also imposed a property tax on private aircraft. She said she was "disappointed" in herself for not ensuring that Timesaver LLC paid the property taxes. "Frankly, having the plane owned in Delaware would not negate the necessity of paying the personal property tax in Missouri", she said. "This is a mistake. It should have been reported in Missouri. It was owed in Missouri. It will be paid in Missouri today".
Meetings with Russian government officials
On March 2, 2017, McCaskill tweeted that she had had "No call or meeting w/Russian ambassador. Ever". After her own tweets of January 20, 2013 ("Off to meeting w/Russian Ambassador.") and August 6, 2015 ("Today calls with British, Russian, and German Ambassadors") were exposed, McCaskill recanted her tweet of March 2, blaming Twitter's character limit. McCaskill had been a leading critic of Attorney General Jeff Sessions's meetings with Russian government officials in his capacity as United States senator and had called for Sessions's resignation on this account. McCaskill also said that the nature of her meetings with the Russian ambassador were different to his. PolitiFact rated McCaskill's assertion false, and also noted "though the context for McCaskill's and Sessions' interactions with Kislyak may be very different, she goes too far in saying she didn't 'ever' have that meeting or phone call."
Pressuring Army officials to punish soldiers cleared of crimes
In a February 4, 2014, contracting oversight hearing with Army officials, McCaskill was on record pressuring officials to bring punishment on up to 1,900 servicemembers by inappropriately adding them to Defense Department and FBI databases. As part of the botched investigation into the Guard Recruiter Assistance Program (G-RAP), false arrest records were added into federal databases after individuals were cleared of charges. This resulted in wide-ranging consequences for affected soldiers. Guardsmen who worked as police officers outside the Guard lost their jobs, concealed weapons permits were revoked, and promotions inappropriately denied.
Electoral history
State Auditor
She was elected Missouri State Auditor in the 1998 Missouri State Auditor election and re-elected in the 2002 Missouri State Auditor election.
Governor
Results
U.S. Senator
Career after public office
On January 15, 2019, McCaskill joined NBC News and MSNBC as a political analyst. McCaskill is featured as a regular guest on Deadline: White House and Morning Joe. She also makes frequent appearances on The Last Word with Lawrence O'Donnell and The 11th Hour with Brian Williams along with, MSNBC and NBC News Special Event Breaking News Coverage.
In May 2021, McCaskill was reportedly being considered for an ambassadorship in Europe under the Joe Biden administration.
In October 2022, McCaskill joined the Council for Responsible Social Media project launched by Issue One to address the negative mental, civic, and public health impacts of social media in the United States co-chaired by former House Democratic Caucus Leader Dick Gephardt and former Massachusetts Lieutenant Governor Kerry Healey.
Personal life
McCaskill was married to David Exposito, with whom she had three children. The couple divorced in 1995, after 11 years of marriage, while McCaskill was Jackson County Prosecutor. David Exposito was found murdered in Kansas City, Kansas on December 12, 2005. Exposito's murder has never been solved.
McCaskill married Joseph Shepard in 2002.
On the October 3, 2009, episode of Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! on National Public Radio, McCaskill spoke about a vacation early in her career as a lawyer, where she was a contestant on High Rollers. McCaskill reigned as champion for four days, and later sold several of her prizes to pay off her student loan debt.
McCaskill's mother, Betty Anne McCaskill, died on October 29, 2012, from natural causes at the age of 84. A convert to Roman Catholicism, McCaskill was denied communion for her pro-choice stance on abortion by then-Bishop Raymond Burke, later Cardinal Raymond Burke.
McCaskill maintains residences in Washington, D.C. and Kirkwood, a suburb of St. Louis. She joined Sheryl Sandberg's movement to encourage young women to be more assertive in professional interactions. On February 22, 2016, McCaskill announced that she had been diagnosed with breast cancer. She stated through Tumblr, "It's a little scary, but my prognosis is good and I expect a full recovery."
Honors
Scholastic
University degrees
Chancellor, visitor, governor, rector and fellowships
Honorary degrees
Memberships and non-scholastic fellowships
Awards
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The Foreign Representation was an organizational institution of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO). It was established in Ottoman Thessaloniki at the Congress of the IMRO in 1896. Its aim was to keep in touch the Central Committee there with the foreign representatives in Sofia, through who to inform the Bulgarian authorities about the situation in the region of Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace. The office was responsible to build and manage the illegal border crossings from Bulgaria to the Ottoman Empire for the transfer of weapons, munitions, money and literature. Its task was also to maintain contacts with the Supreme Macedonian Committee and with the Bulgarian society, and to seek support for the Liberation movement. In addition to this activity, the foreign representatives were obliged to maintain contacts with the diplomatic representatives in Bulgaria and to inform them about the situation in Macedonia and Adrianople areas. This Institution was set up in Sofia, and acted in parallel with the Central Committee until 1924. The representatives were appointed by the CC. This institution was closed at the IMRO Congress in Simitli in 1928.
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"id": "63108577",
"title": "Foreign Representation of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization",
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WEXZ-LD, virtual channel 13 (VHF digital channel 5), is a low-powered Retro TV-affiliated television station licensed to Bangor, Maine, United States. The station is owned by Station X, Inc. WEXZ-LD's transmitter is located on Spring Street in Dexter, Maine.
History
The station's construction permit was issued on March 27, 2012 under the calls of W05DF-D. The callsign changed to the current WEXZ-LD on November 11, 2015.
The station was built and operated by Joe Jurkenas, who got his start in radio as a top 40 jock at Worcesterâs WAAB in the late 60âs. (Air name was Joey Collins). A boy electronic genius, Joe passed the FCCâs first class radio telephone license on his first try at age 15. He then went on NYC as an announcer at CBS owned properties.
Digital channels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
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Events in the year 1856 in India.
Incumbents
Queen Victoria, Monarch of United Kingdom.
James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, Governor-General of India (since 12 January 1848)
Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning, Governor-General of India (till 21 March 1862)
Events
11 Februaryâ Nawab Wajid Ali Shah deposed. He was last King of Oudh State, reigned 13 February 1847 â 11 February 1856. Annexation of the Kingdom of Oudh
28 February â End the tenure of Governor-General of India James Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie.
28 February â Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning became Governor-General of India (till 21 March 1862)
25 July â Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856
Law
Indian Bills of Lading Act
Foreign Tribunals Evidence Act (British statute)
Births
4 March â Toru Dutt, poet (died 1877).
1 April â Acacio Gabriel Viegas, Goan physician (died 1933)
14 June â Ahmed Rida Khan, Sunni Muslim scholar and founder of Barelwi school of thought (died 1921).
23 July â Bal Gangadhar Tilak, nationalist, social reformer and independence fighter (died 1920).
20 August â Narayana Guru (died 1928)
Deaths
India
Years of the 19th century in India | {
"id": "19747386",
"title": "1856 in India",
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Elections to Barrow-in-Furness Borough Council were held on 1 May 2003. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour party gained control of the council from no overall control.
After the election, the composition of the council was
Labour 21
Conservative 14
Independent 3
Election result
Ward results
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This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 2022. For video games, see 2022 in video gaming.
Games released or invented in 2022
Frosthaven
Game awards given in 2022
Significant games-related events in 2022
Deaths
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In early August 1943, Lieutenant General George S. Patton slapped two United States Army soldiers under his command during the Sicily Campaign of World War II. Patton's hard-driving personality and lack of belief in the medical condition of combat stress reaction, then known as "battle fatigue" or "shell shock", led to the soldiers' becoming the subject of his ire in incidents on August 3 and 10, when Patton struck and berated them after discovering they were patients at evacuation hospitals away from the front lines without apparent physical injuries.
Word of the incidents spread, eventually reaching Patton's superior, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who ordered him to apologize to the men. Patton's actions were initially suppressed in the news until journalist Drew Pearson publicized them in the United States. While the reactions of the U.S. Congress and the general public were divided between support and disdain for Patton's actions, Eisenhower and Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall opted not to fire Patton as a commander.
Seizing the opportunity the predicament presented, Eisenhower used Patton as a decoy in Operation Fortitude, sending faulty intelligence to German agents that Patton was leading the Invasion of Europe. While Patton eventually returned to combat command in the European Theater in mid-1944, the slapping incidents were seen by Eisenhower, Marshall, and other leaders to be examples of Patton's brashness and impulsivity.
Background
The Allied invasion of Sicily began on July 10, 1943, with Lieutenant General George S. Patton leading 90,000 men of the Seventh United States Army in a landing near Gela, Scoglitti, and Licata to support Bernard Montgomery's British 8th Army landings to the north. Initially ordered to protect the British forces' flank, Patton took Palermo after Montgomery's forces were slowed by heavy resistance from troops of Nazi Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. Patton then set his sights on Messina. He sought an amphibious assault, but it was delayed by lack of landing craft and his troops did not land in Santo Stefano until August 8, by which time the Germans and Italians had already evacuated the bulk of their troops to mainland Italy. Throughout the campaign, Patton's troops were heavily engaged by German and Italian forces as they pushed across the island.
Patton had already developed a reputation in the U.S. Army as an effective, successful, and hard-driving commander, punishing subordinates for the slightest infractions but also rewarding them when they performed well. As a way to promote an image that inspired his troops, Patton created a larger-than-life personality. He became known for his flashy dress, highly polished helmet and boots, and no-nonsense demeanor. General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the commander of the Sicily operation and Patton's friend and commanding officer, had long known of Patton's colorful leadership style, and also knew that Patton was prone to impulsiveness and a lack of self-restraint.
Battle fatigue
Prior to World War I, the U.S. Army considered the symptoms of battle fatigue to be cowardice or attempts to avoid combat duty. Soldiers who reported these symptoms received harsh treatment. "Shell shock" had been diagnosed as a medical condition during World War I. But even before the conflict ended, what constituted shell shock was changing. This included the idea that it was caused by the shock of exploding shells. By World War II soldiers were usually diagnosed with "psychoneurosis" or "combat fatigue." Despite this, "shell shock" remained in the popular vocabulary. But the symptoms of what constituted combat fatigue were broader than what had constituted shell shock in World War I. By the time of the invasion of Sicily, the U.S. Army was initially classifying all psychological casualties as "exhaustion" which many still called shell shock. While the causes, symptoms, and effects of the condition were familiar to physicians by the time of the two incidents, it was generally less understood in military circles.
An important lesson from the Tunisia Campaign was that neuropsychiatric casualties had to be treated as soon as possible and not evacuated from the combat zone. This was not done in the early stages of the Sicilian Campaign, and large numbers of neuropsychiatric casualties were evacuated to North Africa, with the result that treatment became complicated and only 15 percent of them were returned to duty. As the campaign wore on, the system became better organized and nearly 50 percent were restored to combat duty.
Some time before what would become known as the "slapping incident," Patton spoke with Major General Clarence R. Huebner, the newly appointed commander of the U.S. 1st Infantry Division, in which both men served. Patton had asked Huebner for a status report; Huebner replied: "The front lines seem to be thinning out. There seems to be a very large number of 'malingerers' at the hospitals, feigning illness in order to avoid combat duty." For his part, Patton did not believe the condition was real. In a directive issued to commanders on August 5, he forbade "battle fatigue" in the Seventh Army:
Incidents
August 3
Private Charles H. Kuhl, 27, of L Company, U.S. 26th Infantry Regiment, reported to an aid station of C Company, 1st Medical Battalion, on August 2, 1943. Kuhl, who had been in the U.S. Army for eight months, had been attached to the 1st Infantry Division since June 2, 1943. He was diagnosed with "exhaustion," a diagnosis he had been given three times since the start of the campaign. From the aid station, he was evacuated to a medical company and given sodium amytal. Notes in his medical chart indicated "psychoneurosis anxiety state, moderately severe (soldier has been twice before in hospital within ten days. He can't take it at the front, evidently. He is repeatedly returned.)" Kuhl was transferred from the aid station to the 15th Evacuation Hospital near Nicosia for further evaluation.
Patton arrived at the hospital the same day, accompanied by a number of medical officers, as part of his tour of the U.S. II Corps troops. He spoke to some patients in the hospital, commending the physically wounded. He then approached Kuhl, who did not appear to be physically injured. Kuhl was sitting slouched on a stool midway through a tent ward filled with injured soldiers. When Patton asked Kuhl where he was hurt, Kuhl reportedly shrugged and replied that he was "nervous" rather than wounded, adding, "I guess I can't take it." Patton "immediately flared up," slapped Kuhl across the chin with his gloves, then grabbed him by the collar and dragged him to the tent entrance. He shoved him out of the tent with a kick to his backside. Yelling "Don't admit this son of a bitch," Patton demanded that Kuhl be sent back to the front, adding, "You hear me, you gutless bastard? You're going back to the front."
Corpsmen picked up Kuhl and brought him to a ward tent, where it was discovered he had a temperature of ; and was later diagnosed with malarial parasites. Speaking later of the incident, Kuhl noted "at the time it happened, [Patton] was pretty well worn out ... I think he was suffering a little battle fatigue himself." Kuhl wrote to his parents about the incident, but asked them to "just forget about it." That night, Patton recorded the incident in his diary: "[I met] the only errant coward I have ever seen in this Army. Companies should deal with such men, and if they shirk their duty, they should be tried for cowardice and shot."
Patton was accompanied in this visit by Major General John P. Lucas, who saw nothing remarkable about the incident. After the war he wrote:
Patton was further heard by war correspondent Noel Monks angrily claiming that shell shock is "an invention of the Jews."
August 10
Private Paul G. Bennett, 21, of C Battery, U.S. 17th Field Artillery Regiment, was a four-year veteran of the U.S. Army, and had served in the division since March 1943. Records show he had no medical history until August 6, 1943, when a friend was wounded in combat. According to a report, he "could not sleep and was nervous." Bennett was brought to the 93rd Evacuation Hospital. In addition to having a fever, he exhibited symptoms of dehydration, including fatigue, confusion, and listlessness. His request to return to his unit was turned down by medical officers. A medical officer describing Bennett's condition
On August 10, Patton entered the receiving tent of the hospital, speaking to the injured there. Patton approached Bennett, who was huddled and shivering, and asked what the trouble was. "It's my nerves," Bennett responded. "I can't stand the shelling anymore." Patton reportedly became enraged at him, slapping him across the face. He began yelling: "Your nerves, hell, you are just a goddamned coward. Shut up that goddamned crying. I won't have these brave men who have been shot at seeing this yellow bastard sitting here crying." Patton then reportedly slapped Bennett again, knocking his helmet liner off, and ordered the receiving officer, Major Charles B. Etter, not to admit him. Patton then threatened Bennett, "You're going back to the front lines and you may get shot and killed, but you're going to fight. If you don't, I'll stand you up against a wall and have a firing squad kill you on purpose. In fact, I ought to shoot you myself, you goddamned whimpering coward." Upon saying this, Patton pulled out his pistol threateningly, prompting the hospital's commander, Colonel Donald E. Currier, to physically separate the two. Patton left the tent, yelling to medical officers to send Bennett back to the front lines.
As he toured the remainder of the hospital, Patton continued discussing Bennett's condition with Currier. Patton stated, "I can't help it, it makes my blood boil to think of a yellow bastard being babied," and "I won't have those cowardly bastards hanging around our hospitals. We'll probably have to shoot them some time anyway, or we'll raise a breed of morons."
Aftermath
Private reprimand and apologies
The August 10 incidentâparticularly the sight of Patton threatening a subordinate with a pistolâupset many of the medical staff present. The II Corps surgeon, Colonel Richard T. Arnest, submitted a report on the incident to Brigadier General William B. Kean, chief of staff of II Corps, who submitted it to Lieutenant General Omar Bradley, commander of II Corps. Bradley, out of loyalty to Patton, did nothing more than lock the report in his safe. Arnest also sent the report through medical channels to Brigadier General Frederick A. Blesse, General Surgeon of Allied Force Headquarters, who then submitted it to Eisenhower, who received it on August 16. Eisenhower ordered Blesse to proceed immediately to Patton's command to ascertain the truth of the allegations. Eisenhower also formulated a delegation to investigate the incidents from the soldiers' points of view, including Major General John P. Lucas, two colonels from the Inspector General's office, and a theater medical consultant, Lieutenant Colonel Perrin H. Long, to investigate the incident and interview those involved. Long interviewed medical personnel who witnessed each incident, then filed a report entitled "Mistreatment of Patients in Receiving Tents of the 15th and 93rd Evacuation Hospitals" which extensively detailed Patton's actions at both hospitals.
By August 18, Eisenhower had ordered that Patton's Seventh Army be broken up, with a few of its units remaining garrisoned in Sicily. The majority of its combat forces would be transferred to the Fifth United States Army under Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark. This had already been planned by Eisenhower, who had previously told Patton that his Seventh Army would not be part of the upcoming Allied invasion of Italy, scheduled for September. On August 20, Patton received a cable from Eisenhower regarding the arrival of Lucas at Palermo. Eisenhower told Patton it was "highly important" that he personally meet with Lucas as soon as possible, as Lucas would be carrying an important message. Before Lucas arrived, Blesse arrived from Algiers to look into the health of the troops in Sicily. He was also ordered by Eisenhower to deliver a secret letter to Patton and investigate its allegations. In the letter, Eisenhower told Patton he had been informed of the slapping incidents. He said he would not be opening a formal investigation into the matter, but his criticism of Patton was sharp.
Eisenhower's letter to Patton, dated August 17, 1943:
Eisenhower noted that no formal record of the incidents would be retained at Allied Headquarters, save in his own secret files. Still, he strongly suggested Patton apologize to all involved. On August 21, Patton brought Bennett into his office; he apologized and the men shook hands. On August 22, he met with Currier as well as the medical staff who had witnessed the events in each unit and expressed regret for his "impulsive actions." Patton related to the medical staff a story of a friend from World War I who had committed suicide after "skulking"; he stated he sought to prevent any recurrence of such an event. On August 23, he brought Kuhl into his office, apologized, and shook hands with him as well. After the apology, Kuhl said he thought Patton was "a great general," and that "at the time, he didn't know how sick I was." Currier later said Patton's remarks sounded like "no apology at all [but rather like] an attempt to justify what he had done." Patton wrote in his diary that he loathed making the apologies, particularly when he was told by Bennett's brigade commander, Brigadier General John A. Crane, that Bennett had gone absent without leave (AWOL) and arrived at the hospital by "falsely representing his condition." Patton wrote, "It is rather a commentary on justice when an Army commander has to soft-soap a skulker to placate the timidity of those above." As word of the actions had spread informally among troops of the Seventh Army, Patton drove to each division under his command between August 24 and 30 and gave a 15-minute speech in which he praised their behavior and apologized for any instances where he had been too harsh on soldiers, making only vague reference to the two slapping incidents. In his final apology speech to the U.S. 3rd Infantry Division, Patton was overcome with emotion when the soldiers supportively began to chant "No, general, no, no," to prevent him from having to apologize.
In a letter to General George Marshall on August 24, Eisenhower praised Patton's exploits as commander of the Seventh Army and his conduct of the Sicily campaign, particularly his ability to take initiative as a commander. Still, Eisenhower noted Patton continued "to exhibit some of those unfortunate traits of which you and I have always known." He informed Marshall of the two incidents and his requirement that Patton apologize. Eisenhower stated he believed Patton would cease his behavior "because fundamentally, he is so avid for recognition as a great military commander that he will ruthlessly suppress any habit of his that will tend to jeopardize it." When Eisenhower arrived in Sicily to award Montgomery the Legion of Merit on August 29, Patton gave Eisenhower a letter expressing his remorse about the incidents.
Media attention
Word of the slapping incidents spread informally among soldiers before eventually circulating to war correspondents. One of the nurses who witnessed the August 10 incident apparently told her boyfriend, a captain in the Seventh Army public affairs detachment. Through him, a group of four journalists covering the Sicily operation heard of the incident: Demaree Bess of the Saturday Evening Post, Merrill Mueller of NBC News, Al Newman of Newsweek, and John Charles Daly of CBS News. The four journalists interviewed Etter and other witnesses, but decided to bring the matter to Eisenhower instead of filing the story with their editors. Bess, Mueller, and Quentin Reynolds of Collier's Magazine flew from Sicily to Algiers, and on August 19, Bess gave a summary on the slapping incidents to Eisenhower's chief of staff, Major General Walter Bedell Smith. The reporters asked Eisenhower directly about the incident, and Eisenhower requested that the story be suppressed because the war effort could not afford to lose Patton. Bess and other journalists initially complied. However, the news reporters then demanded Eisenhower fire Patton in exchange for them not reporting the story, a demand which Eisenhower refused.
The story of Kuhl's slapping broke in the U.S. when newspaper columnist Drew Pearson revealed it on his November 21 radio program. Pearson received details of the Kuhl incident and other material on Patton from his friend Ernest Cuneo, an official with the Office of Strategic Services, who obtained the information from War Department files and correspondence. Pearson's version not only conflated details of both slapping incidents but falsely reported that the private in question was visibly "out of his head," telling Patton to "duck down or the shells would hit him" and that in response "Patton struck the soldier, knocking him down." Pearson punctuated his broadcast by twice stating that Patton would never again be used in combat, despite the fact that Pearson had no factual basis for this prediction. In response, Allied Headquarters denied that Patton had received an official reprimand, but confirmed that Patton had slapped at least one soldier.
Patton's wife, Beatrice Patton, spoke to the media to defend him. She appeared in True Confessions, a women's confession magazine, where she characterized Patton as "the toughest, most hard boiled General in the U.S. Army ... but he's quite sweet, really." She was featured in a Washington Post article on November 26. While she did not attempt to justify Patton's action, she characterized him as a "tough perfectionist," stating that he cared deeply about the men under his command and would not ask them to do something he would not do himself:
Public response
Demands for Patton to be relieved of duty and sent home were made in Congress and in newspapers across the country. U.S. Representative Jed Johnson of Oklahoma's 6th district described Patton's actions as a "despicable incident" and was "amazed and chagrined" Patton was still in command. He called for the general's immediate dismissal on the grounds that his actions rendered him no longer useful to the war effort. Representative Charles B. Hoeven of Iowa's 9th district said on the House floor that parents of soldiers need no longer worry of their children being abused by "hard boiled officers." He wondered whether the Army had "too much blood and guts." Eisenhower submitted a report to Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, who presented it to Senator Robert R. Reynolds, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Military Affairs. The report laid out Eisenhower's response to the incident and gave details of Patton's decades of military service. Eisenhower concluded that Patton was invaluable to the war effort and that he was confident the corrective actions taken would be adequate. Investigators Eisenhower sent to Patton's command found the general remained overwhelmingly popular with his troops.
By mid-December, the government had received around 1,500 letters related to Patton, with many calling for his dismissal and others defending him or calling for his promotion. Kuhl's father, Herman F. Kuhl, wrote to his own congressman, stating that he forgave Patton for the incident and requesting that he not be disciplined. Retired generals also weighed in on the matter. Former Army Chief of Staff Charles P. Summerall wrote to Patton that he was "indignant about the publicity given a trifling incident," adding that "whatever [Patton] did" he was sure it was "justified by the provocation. Such cowards used to be shot, now they are only encouraged." Major General Kenyon A. Joyce, another combat commander and one of Patton's friends, attacked Pearson as a "sensation mongerer," stating that "niceties" should be left for "softer times of peace." In one notable dissension, Patton's friend, former mentor and General of the Armies John J. Pershing publicly condemned his actions, an act that left Patton "deeply hurt" and caused him to never speak to Pershing again.
After consulting with Marshall, Stimson, and Assistant Secretary of War John J. McCloy, Eisenhower retained Patton in the European theater, though his Seventh Army saw no further combat. Patton remained in Sicily for the rest of the year. Marshall and Stimson not only supported Eisenhower's decision, but defended it. In a letter to the U.S. Senate, Stimson stated that Patton must be retained because of the need for his "aggressive, winning leadership in the bitter battles which are to come before final victory." Stimson acknowledged retaining Patton was a poor move for public relations but remained confident it was the right decision militarily.
Effect on plans for invasion of Europe
Contrary to his statements to Patton, Eisenhower never seriously considered removing the general from duty in the European Theater. Writing of the incident before the media attention, he said, "If this thing ever gets out, they'll be howling for Patton's scalp, and that will be the end of Georgie's service in this war. I simply cannot let that happen. Patton is indispensable to the war effort â one of the guarantors of our victory." Still, following the capture of Messina in August 1943, Patton did not command a force in combat for 11 months.
Patton was passed over to lead the invasion in northern Europe. In September, Patton's junior in both rank and was selected to command the First United States Army that was forming in England to prepare for Operation Overlord. According to Eisenhower, this decision had been made months before the slapping incidents became public knowledge, but Patton felt they were the reason he was denied the command. Eisenhower had already decided on Bradley because he felt the invasion of Europe was too important to risk any uncertainty. While Eisenhower and Marshall both considered Patton to be a superb corps-level combat commander, Bradley possessed two of the traits that a theater-level strategic command required, and that Patton conspicuously lacked: a calm, reasoned demeanor, and a meticulously consistent nature. The slapping incidents had only further confirmed to Eisenhower that Patton lacked the ability to exercise discipline and self-control at such a command level. Still, Eisenhower re-emphasized his confidence in Patton's skill as a ground combat commander by recommending him for promotion to four-star general in a private letter to Marshall on September 8, noting his previous combat exploits and admitting that he had a "driving power" that Bradley lacked.
By mid-December, Eisenhower had been appointed Supreme Allied Commander in Europe and moved to England. As media attention surrounding the incident began to subside, McCloy told Patton he would indeed be eventually returning to combat command. Patton was briefly considered to lead the Seventh Army in Operation Dragoon, but Eisenhower felt his experience would be more useful in the Normandy campaign. Eisenhower and Marshall privately agreed that Patton would command a follow-on field army after Bradley's army conducted the initial invasion of Normandy; Bradley would then command the resulting army group. Patton was told on January 1, 1944 only that he would be relieved of command of the Seventh Army and moved to Europe. In his diary, he wrote that he would resign if he was not given command of a field army. On January 26, 1944, formally given command of a newly arrived unit, the Third United States Army, he went to the United Kingdom to prepare the unit's inexperienced soldiers for combat. This duty occupied Patton throughout early 1944.
Exploiting Patton's situation, Eisenhower sent him on several high-profile trips throughout the Mediterranean in late 1943. He traveled to Algiers, Tunis, Corsica, Cairo, Jerusalem, and Malta in an effort to confuse German commanders as to where the Allied forces might next attack. By the next year, the German High Command still had more respect for Patton than for any other Allied commander and considered him central to any plan to invade Europe from the north. Because of this, Patton was made a central figure in Operation Fortitude in early 1944. The Allies fed the German intelligence organizations, through double agents, a steady stream of false intelligence that Patton had been named commander of the First United States Army Group (FUSAG) and was preparing for an invasion of Pas de Calais. The FUSAG command was actually an intricately constructed "phantom" army of decoys, props and radio signals based around southeast England to mislead German aircraft and to make Axis leaders believe a large force was massing there. Patton was ordered to keep a low profile to deceive the Germans into thinking he was in Dover throughout early 1944, when he was actually training the Third Army. As a result of Operation Fortitude, the German 15th Army remained at Pas de Calais to defend against the expected attack. The formation remained there even after the invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944.
It was during the following month of July 1944 that Patton and the Third Army finally did travel to Europe, and entered into combat on August 1.
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MacroDroid is an automation app for Android. Jamie Higgins is the developer of MacroDroid, and the app supports Tasker plugins. The app has also been described as a simpler version of Tasker.
The app has been in development since at least 2012. In 2014, automation for Wear OS devices was introduced.
Usage
The app works on both rooted devices and ordinary devices, though some functions will only work on a rooted device. It includes many pre-made macros.
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In mathematics, Chrystal's equation is a first order nonlinear ordinary differential equation, named after the mathematician George Chrystal, who discussed the singular solution of this equation in 1896. The equation reads as
where are constants, which upon solving for , gives
This equation is a generalization of Clairaut's equation since it reduces to Clairaut's equation under certain condition as given below.
Solution
Introducing the transformation gives
Now, the equation is separable, thus
The denominator on the left hand side can be factorized if we solve the roots of the equation and the roots are , therefore
If , the solution is
where is an arbitrary constant. If , then the solution is
When one of the roots is zero, the equation reduces to Clairaut's equation and a parabolic solution is obtained in this case, and the solution is
The above family of parabolas are enveloped by the parabola , therefore this enveloping parabola is a singular solution.
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Esmeralda is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by SBT in 2004 and 2005. It was based on the 1970 Venezuelan telenovela of same name by Delia Fiallo.
Cast
Bianca Castanho as Esmeralda Ãlvares Real
Cláudio Lins as José Armando Ãlvares Real
Tânia Bondezan as Fátima Ãlvares Real
Karina Barum as Graziella Ãlvares Real
Daniel Andrade as Adrián Lucero
Lucinha Lins as Branca Ãlvares Real
Paulo César Grande as Rodolfo Ãlvares Real
Manoelita Lustosa as Rosário
SÃŽnia Guedes as Margarida
Delano Avelar as Dr. Lúcio Malavér
Olivetti Herrera as Dr. Ãlvaro Lafaieti
Cleide Queiroz as Emanuela
Josmar Martins as Firmino
Jardel Mello as DionÃsio Lucero
Marco Lunez as Januário
Carol Hubner as Joana
Cyda Baú as Jacinta
Pedro Paulley as Inácio
Priscila Ferreira as Florysa "Florzinha" Lucero
AntÎnio Petrin as Sabiá
Fabiana Alvarez as PatrÃcia
Renato Scarpin as Dr. Marcelo
Nara Gomes as Socorro
Graça Berman as Hortência
Cris Bessa as Aurora
Mário Sérgio Pretini as Dr. Bernardo
Carl Schumacher as Dr. Fausto
LuÃs Carlos Bahia as Cláudio
Débora Gomez as Dóris
Domingos Meira as Daniel
Ruth Roncy as Betânia
PatrÃcia Vilela as Hilda
Maria Estela as Irmã Piedade
PatrÃcia Salvador as Pietra
Daniela Franco as Márcia
Bibi Menegon as Amélia
Tallyta Cardoso as Tânia
Fabiana Meireles as Irmã Lucila
Nirce Levin as Rita
João Bourbonnais as Gustavo
Other versions
Esmeralda - a Venezuelan telenovela produced by José Enrique Crousillat for Venevisión in 1970.
Topacio - a Venezuelan telenovela produced by Jorge Gherardi and Omar Pin for RCTV in 1984.
Esmeralda - a Mexican telenovela produced by Salvador MejÃa Alejandre for Televisa in 1997.
Sin tu mirada - In 2017 Televisa returned to make another more modern version of the story.
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Stephanosphaera is a genus of green algae in the family Haematococcaceae, containing the single species Stephanosphaera pluvialis. It forms colonies of flagellated cells. Although it was once placed in the family Volvocaceae, it is not closely related to them; its sister is the unicellular genus Balticola.
Description
Stephanosphaera pluvialis forms colonies of four or eight cells, arranged in a ring and surrounded by a spherical matrix. Each cell is elongated, irregularly shaped with several protrusions that join the cells together. Cells contain several contractile vacuoles, a rounded stigma, and a single large parietal chloroplast with usually two pyrenoids. Cells have two flagella of equal length.
Reproduction
Stephanosphaera pluvialis reproduces both asexually and sexually. Asexual reproduction occurs by autocolony formation: a cell divides until it becomes like a miniature version of the existing colony, and the new colony is released from the cell. Sexual reproduction is done with gametes, which are isogamous.
Distribution
Stephanosphaera pluvialis is found in freshwater habitats. It tends to occur in rainwater puddles on non-basic rocks, more rarely in lakes. It is rare.
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Pomadasys is a genus of grunts native to the waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and through the Indian Ocean to the Pacific coast of the Americas. The name of this genus is a compound of poma meaning "lid" or "covering" and dasys meaning "rough", a reference to the serrated preopercle.
Species
There are currently 34 recognized species in this genus:
Pomadasys aheneus McKay & J. E. Randall, 1995 (Yellowback grunt)
Pomadasys andamanensis McKay & Satapoomin, 1994
Pomadasys argenteus (Forsskål, 1775) (Silver grunt)
Pomadasys argyreus (Valenciennes, 1833) (Bluecheek silver grunt)
Pomadasys auritus (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Longhead grunt)
Pomadasys bayanus D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (Purplemouth grunt)
Pomadasys bipunctatus Kner, 1898
Pomadasys branickii (Steindachner, 1879) (Sand grunt)
Pomadasys commersonnii (LacépÚde, 1801) (Smallspotted grunter)
Pomadasys crocro (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Burro grunt)
Pomadasys empherus W. A. Bussing, 1993 (Bigspine grunt)
Pomadasys furcatus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Banded grunter)
Pomadasys guoraca (G. Cuvier, 1829)
Pomadasys incisus (S. Bowdich, 1825) (Bastard grunt)
Pomadasys jubelini (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Sompat grunt)
Pomadasys kaakan (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Javelin grunter)
Pomadasys laurentino (J. L. B. Smith, 1953) (Manylined grunter)
Pomadasys macracanthus (GÃŒnther, 1864) (Longspine grunt)
Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) (Saddle grunt)
Pomadasys multimaculatus (Playfair (fr), 1867) (Cock grunter)
Pomadasys olivaceus (F. Day, 1875) (Olive grunt)
Pomadasys panamensis (Steindachner, 1876) (Panama grunt)
Pomadasys perotaei (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Parrot grunt)
Pomadasys punctulatus (RÃŒppell, 1838) (Lined grunt)
Pomadasys quadrilineatus S. C. Shen & W. W. Lin, 1984 (Yellow-lined grunter)
Pomadasys ramosus (Poey, 1860)
Pomadasys rogerii (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Pigsnout grunt)
Pomadasys schyrii Steindachner, 1900
Pomadasys striatus (Gilchrist & W. W. Thompson, 1908) (Striped grunter)
Pomadasys stridens (Forsskål, 1775) (Striped piggy)
Pomadasys suillus (Valenciennes, 1833)
Pomadasys taeniatus McKay & J. E. Randall, 1995 (Bronzestriped grunt)
Pomadasys trifasciatus Fowler, 1937 (Black-ear javelin)
Pomadasys unimaculatus M. C. Tian, 1982 (Red patched grunter)
Systematics
Pomadasys has been subject to some molecular studies which have resolved the genus as paraphyletic. To resolve this paraphyly the genera Rhencus and Rhonciscus were revived with the eastern Pacific species P. maacrocanthus and P. panamensis being placed in Rhencus while Rhonicus contains the eastern Pacific species P. bayanus and the western Atlantic species P. crocro.
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SMS Admiral Spaun was a scout cruiser built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy. Named for Admiral and Marinekommandant (Commander-in-Chief of the Navy) Hermann von Spaun, Admiral Spaun was constructed shortly before World War I. Laid down at the Pola Navy Yard in May 1908, the cruiser was launched in October 1909. Admiral Spaun was commissioned into the Navy just over a year later, in November 1910. The first ship of the Austro-Hungarian Navy to be constructed with steam turbines, her design later influenced the construction of the s.
Admiral Spaun served as the flotilla leader of the Second Torpedo Flotilla at the outbreak of World War I and was stationed out of the naval base at Cattaro. She saw limited action during the first year of the war, and following Italy's declaration of war on Austria-Hungary in May 1915, the cruiser participated in a bombardment of the Italian coastline. Throughout the rest of 1915, Admiral Spaun engaged in various operations across the Adriatic Sea. While she was involved in missions centred mostly around Trieste in the northern Adriatic for the rest of the war, Admiral Spaun also participated in many of Austria-Hungary's naval operations as far south as the Otranto Barrage and the Strait of Otranto, alongside the Novara-class cruisers.
Emboldened by the Austro-Hungarian victory during the Battle of the Strait of Otranto, and determined to break the Otranto Barrage with a major attack on the strait, Austria-Hungary's newly appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet Miklós Horthy organised a massive attack on the Allied forces with Admiral Spaun, alongside seven battleships, three cruisers, four destroyers, four torpedo boats, and numerous submarines and aircraft, but the operation was abandoned after the battleship was sunk by the Italian motor torpedo boat MAS-15 on the morning of 10 June.
After the sinking of Szent István, the ships returned to port where they remained for the rest of the war. When Austria-Hungary was facing defeat in October 1918, the Austrian government transferred its navy to the newly formed State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs in order to avoid having to hand the ship over to the Allies. Following the Armistice of Villa Giusti in November 1918, Admiral Spaun was seized by the Allies and transferred to Italy, where she participated in a victory parade through the Venice Lagoon in March 1919. The final distribution of Austria-Hungary's former navy was settled under the terms of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1920. Admiral Spaun was ceded to the United Kingdom before being sold for scrap and broken up between 1920 and 1921.
Background
In 1904, the Austro-Hungarian Navy consisted of ten battleships of various types, three armoured cruisers, six protected cruisers, eight torpedo vessels, and 68 torpedo craft. The total tonnage of the navy was . While the navy was capable of defending the coastline of Austria-Hungary, this fleet was drastically outclassed by other major Mediterranean navies, namely Italy and the United Kingdom. Following the establishment of the Austrian Naval League in September 1904, and the October appointment of Vice-Admiral Rudolf Montecuccoli to the posts of Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (German: Marinekommandant) and Chief of the Naval Section of the War Ministry (German: Chef der Marinesektion), the Austro-Hungarian Navy began an expansion program suitable for that of a Great Power. Montecuccoli immediately pursued the efforts championed by his predecessor, Admiral Hermann von Spaun, and pushed for a greatly expanded and modernized navy.
During the first decade of the 20th century, Austria-Hungary's naval policy began to shift away from simply coastal defence, to projecting power into the Adriatic and even Mediterranean Seas. This change in policy was motivated by both internal and external factors. New railroads had been constructed through Austria's Alpine passes between 1906 and 1908, linking Trieste and the Dalmatian coastline to the rest of the Empire and providing the interior of Austria-Hungary with quicker access to the sea than ever before. Lower tariffs on the port of Trieste aided the expansion of the city and a similar growth in Austria-Hungary's merchant marine. These changes necessitated the development of a new line of battleships capable of more than the defence of Austria-Hungary's coastline.
Prior to the turn of the century, sea power had not been a priority in Austrian foreign policy, and the navy had little public interest or support. The appointment of Archduke Franz Ferdinand â heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne and a prominent and influential supporter of naval expansion â to the position of admiral in September 1902 greatly increased the importance of the navy in the eyes of both the general public and the Austrian and Hungarian Parliaments. Franz Ferdinand's interest in naval affairs stemmed primarily from his belief that a strong navy would be necessary to compete with Italy, which he viewed as Austria-Hungary's greatest regional threat.
Austro-Italian naval arms race
As the first scout cruiser of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, Admiral Spaun was authorized when Austria-Hungary was engaged in a naval arms race with its nominal ally, Italy. Italy's Regia Marina was considered the most-important naval power in the region which Austria-Hungary measured itself against, often unfavourably. The disparity between the Austro-Hungarian and Italian navies had existed for decades; in the late 1880s Italy boasted the third-largest fleet in the world, behind the French Navy and the British Royal Navy. While that disparity had been somewhat equalized with the Imperial Russian Navy and the German Imperial Navy surpassing the Italian Navy in 1893 and in 1894, by 1904 the balance began to shift towards Italy's favour once more. Indeed, by 1904 the size of the Italian Regia Marina was by tonnage was over twice that of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, and while the two nations had relatively even numbers of battleships, Italy had over twice as many cruisers.
Montecuccoli's plan
Admiral Spaun first conceived on paper in early 1905 when Montecuccoli drafted his first proposal for a modern Austrian fleet as part of his plan to construct a navy large enough to contest the Adriatic Sea. This initial plan consisted of 12 battleships, four armoured cruisers, eight scout cruisers, 18 destroyers, 36 high seas torpedo craft, and six submarines. While specifics had yet to be drawn up, the four cruisers in Montecuccoli's plan would ultimately become Admiral Spaun and the three ships of the Novara class. Due to a political crisis within the Hungarian government, a vote on Montecuccoli's proposed program was delayed for most of 1905. It would not be until the end of the year before the Austrian and Hungarian Delegations for Common Affairs approved Montecuccoli's program. Under the terms of the budget agreement, 121,000,000 Krone was set aside for warship construction over a period of three years, with the installments for this special credit being retroactively pushed back to 1904. The budget lacked funding for the three other cruisers Montecuccoli wished to construct, but included funding for the three s, six destroyers, and Admiral Spaun.
Design
Designed for scouting missions, Admiral Spaun was based on the premise that the theater of operations she would operate in would be largely confined to the Adriatic Sea. She was intended to act as a fast moving scout cruiser capable of conducting hit-and-run missions while also threatening communications and convoy routes. Montecuccoli believed that should Austria-Hungary be drawn into a larger naval conflict encompassing the Mediterranean, Admiral Spaun would still be capable of fulfilling her role successfully and that a class of battlecruisers was not necessary for such a scenario. Following the construction of Admiral Spaun, her design was so well received that she was used to influence the construction of the three Novara-class cruisers which followed her. The similarities between Admiral Spaun and the Novaras were so close that despite being different classes, both contemporary and modern publications occasionally link all four ships together as members of the same class.
Admiral Spaun had an overall length of . At the waterline, the cruiser had a length of , while her length between perpendiculars measured . She had a beam of and a mean draft of at deep load. She was designed to displace at normal load, but at full combat load she displaced . The propulsion systems of the ship consisted of six Parsons steam turbines and four shafts. These turbines were designed to provide and were powered by 16 Yarrow water-tube boilers, giving Admiral Spaun a top speed of during her sea trials. Admiral Spaun had a crew of 320â327 officers and men.
Admiral Spaun was armed with a main battery of seven 50-caliber guns in single pedestal mounts. Two were placed forward on the forecastle of the ship, four were located amidship, two on either side, and one was located on the quarterdeck. She also possessed a SFK L/44 gun. A Å koda /50 K10 anti-aircraft gun and four torpedo tubes in twin mounts were added to Admiral Spaun in 1916. The guns of Admiral Spaun were of a smaller caliber than many other cruisers of the era, which led to plans to remove the guns on the forecastle and quarterdeck of the ship and replace them with a pair of guns fore and aft, but these modifications were not able to take place before the war ended. Her smaller armament was due in part because of a desire within the Austro-Hungarian Navy for Admiral Spaun to have a faster speed and greater armour than most other contemporary cruisers of the era. As a result, the armament of the cruiser had to be scaled down.
Admiral Spaun was protected at the waterline by an armoured belt which measured thick amidship. The guns had thick shields, while the thickness of the deck for the ship was . The armour protecting the conning tower was .
Construction
Admiral Spaun was laid down at the Pola Navy Yard on 30 May 1908. During construction, Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino struck an agreement with the Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company to allow for the construction of Admiral Spauns steam turbines to be assembled in Trieste using materials found from within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. She was the first ship of the Austro-Hungarian Navy to be constructed with steam turbines.
In September 1909, Montecuccoli proposed to the Austro-Hungarian Ministerial Council a budget for 1910 which would authorise construction on the three cruisers of the Novara class, alongside the four dreadnoughts of the battleships and several torpedo boats and submarines. While Montecuccoli's desire to construct a new class of cruisers was delayed, this time due to the financial costs Austria-Hungary took on following the annexation of Bosnia and the mobilisation of her fleet and army at the height of Bosnian crisis, the navy was given funds to speed up completion of the battleships and Admiral Spaun.
After nearly a year and a half of construction, Admiral Spaun was launched on 30 October 1909. Thereafter, she conducted sea trials for a year. When Admiral Spaun was ordered, she was designed to attain a speed greater than contemporary cruisers found in other navies around the world, such as the United States Navy and the British Royal Navy. In September 1910, it was reported that she obtained a top speed of . This was faster than her contracted speed. After the conclusion of her sea trials, Admiral Spaun was commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy on 15 November 1910.
Service history
Pre-war
Within a year of Admiral Spauns commissioning into the Austro-Hungarian Navy, the Italo-Turkish War erupted in September 1911. Despite the fact that Austria-Hungary and Italy remained nominal allies under the Triple Alliance, tensions between the two nations remained high throughout the war. The Austro-Hungarian Navy was placed on high alert, while the Army was deployed to the Italian border. While the war would ultimately become localised at the request of Austria-Hungary to parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and Libya, the First Balkan War broke out even before Italy and the Ottoman Empire were able to conclude a peace agreement. Once again, the Ottoman military proved insufficient to defeat its opponents. The Balkan League of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro swiftly overran the Ottoman Empire's last remaining European possessions in a matter of weeks. By November 1912, Serbia appeared poised to obtain a port on the Adriatic Sea. Austria-Hungary strongly opposed this as a Serbian port on the Adriatic could drastically alter the balance of power in the region, bring Serbia and Italy closer together through economic ties, and also serve as a Russian naval base.
Austria-Hungary found support from Italy, who opposed Serbian access to the Adriatic on the belief that Russia would use any Serbian ports to station its Black Sea fleet. Italy also feared that Austria-Hungary itself would one day annex Serbia, and thus gain more Adriatic coastline without handing over any Italian-speaking territories such as Trentino or Trieste. Russia and Serbia both protested to Vienna this objection to a potential Serbian coastline. By the end of November 1912, the threat of conflict between Austria-Hungary, Italy, Serbia, and Russia, coupled with allegations of Serbian mistreatment of the Austro-Hungarian consul in Prisrena led to a war scare in the Balkans. Both Russian and Austria-Hungary began mobilizing troops along their border, while Austria-Hungary began to mobilize against Serbia. During the crisis, the entire Austro-Hungarian Navy was also fully mobilized. At the time, several Austro-Hungarian warships had already been deployed to the Aegean Sea or the city of Constantinople to protect Austro-Hungarian interests during the Italo-Turkish War and the First Balkan War. The Navy subsequently ordered Admiral Spaun and from their stations in Constantinople. They were ordered to join the rest of the fleet in the Aegean Sea in the event of a war with Serbia and Russia.
By December 1912, the Austro-Hungarian Navy had, in addition to Admiral Spaun, a total of seven battleships, five cruisers, eight destroyers, 28 torpedo boats, and six submarines ready for combat. The crisis eventually subsided after the signing of the Treaty of London, which granted Serbia free access to the sea through an internationally supervised railroad, while at the same time establishing an independent Albania. The Austro-Hungarian Army and Navy was subsequently demobilised on 28 May 1913.
In June 1914, the battleship was tasked with transporting Archduke Franz Ferdinand to the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to watch military manoeuvres. Following the manoeuvres, Ferdinand and his wife Sophie planned to visit Sarajevo to open the state museum in its new premises. On 24 June the battleship brought the Archduke from Trieste to the Narenta River, where he boarded a yacht which took him north towards Sarajevo. After observing the military maneuvers for three days, the Archduke met his wife in Sarajevo. On 28 June 1914, they were shot to death by Gavrilo Princip.
Upon hearing of the assassination, Marinekommandant Anton Haus sailed south from Pola with an escort fleet comprising Admiral Spaun, Viribus Unitiss sister ship , and several torpedo boats. Two days after their murders, Ferdinand and Sophia's bodies were transferred aboard Viribus Unitis, which had been anchored waiting to receive the Archduke for his return, and were transported back to Trieste. Viribus Unitis was shadowed by Haus' escort fleet for the journey, with the fleet moving slowly along the Dalmatian coast, usually within sight of land. Coastal towns and villages rang church bells when the ships passed while spectators watched the fleet from the shoreline. The Archduke's death triggered the July Crisis, culminating in Austria-Hungary's declaration of war on the Kingdom of Serbia on 28 July 1914.
1914
Events unfolded rapidly in the ensuing days. On 30 July 1914, Russia declared full mobilisation in response to Austria-Hungary's declaration of war on Serbia. Austria-Hungary declared full mobilisation the next day. On 1 August, both Germany and France ordered full mobilisation and Germany declared war on Russia in support of Austria-Hungary. While relations between Austria-Hungary and Italy had improved greatly in the two years following the 1912 renewal of the Triple Alliance, increased Austro-Hungarian naval spending, political disputes over influence in Albania, and Italian concerns over the potential annexation of land in the Kingdom of Montenegro caused the relationship between the two allies to falter in the months leading up to the war. Italy's 1 August declaration of neutrality in the war dashed Austro-Hungarian hopes to use their larger shipsâincluding Admiral Spaunâin major combat operations in the Mediterranean, as the navy had been relying upon coal stored in Italian ports to operate in conjunction with the Regia Marina. By 4 August, Germany had already occupied Luxembourg and invaded Belgium after declaring war on France. The United Kingdom subsequently declared war on Germany that same day in support of Belgian neutrality.
Shortly after the onset of the war, the assistance of the Austro-Hungarian fleet was called upon by the German Mediterranean Division, which consisted of the battlecruiser and light cruiser . The German ships were attempting to break out of Messina, where they had been taking on coal prior to the outbreak of war. By the first week of August, British ships had begun to assemble off Messina in an attempt to trap the Germans. While Austria-Hungary had not yet fully mobilised its fleet, a force was assembled to assist the German ships. This consisted of Admiral Spaun, along with the three Radetzkys and the three Tegetthoffs, the armoured cruiser , six destroyers, and 13 torpedo boats. The Austro-Hungarian high command, wary of instigating war with Great Britain, ordered the fleet to avoid the British ships and to only support the Germans openly while they were in Austro-Hungarian waters. On 7 August, when the Germans broke out of Messina, the Austro-Hungarian fleet had begun to sail for Brindisi to link up with the Germans and escort their ships to a friendly port in Austria-Hungary. However, the German movement toward the mouth of the Adriatic had been a diversion to throw the British and French off their pursuit, and the German ships instead rounded the southern tip of Greece and made their way to the Dardanelles, where they would eventually be sold to the Ottoman Empire. Rather than follow the German ships towards the Black Sea, the Austrian fleet returned to Pola.
Following France and Britain's declarations of war on Austria-Hungary on 11 and 12 August respectively, the French Admiral Augustin Boué de LapeyrÚre was issued orders to close off Austro-Hungarian shipping at the entrance to the Adriatic Sea and to engage any Austro-Hungarian ships his Anglo-French fleet came across. LapeyrÚre chose to attack the Austro-Hungarian ships blockading Montenegro. The ensuing Battle of Antivari ended Austria-Hungary's blockade, and effectively placed the Strait of Otranto firmly in the hands of Britain and France.
After the Battle of Antivari and the breakout of Goeben and Breslau from Messina, the Austro-Hungarian Navy saw very little action, with many of its ships spending much of their time in port. The navy's general inactivity was partly caused by a fear of mines in the Adriatic. Other factors contributed to the lack of naval activity in the first year of the war. Admiral Haus was fearful that direct confrontation with the French Navy, even if it should be successful, would weaken the Austro-Hungarian Navy to the point that Italy would have a free hand in the Adriatic. This concern was so great to Haus that he wrote in September 1914, "So long as the possibility exists that Italy will declare war against us, I consider it my first duty to keep our fleet intact." Haus' decision to keep his fleet in port earned sharp criticism from the Austro-Hungarian Army, the German Navy, and the Austro-Hungarian Foreign Ministry, but it also led to a far greater number of Allied naval forces being devoted to the Mediterranean and the Strait of Otranto. These could have been used elsewhere, such as against the Ottoman Empire during the Gallipoli Campaign. Throughout the rest of 1914, Admiral Spaun was among the most active ships in the Austro-Hungarian Navy, despite chronic engine problems.
1915
By January 1915, Haus had adopted a cautious strategy to preserve his fleet, as Austria-Hungary was drastically outnumbered by the Anglo-French fleets in the Mediterranean, and the attitude of Austria-Hungary's erstwhile ally Italy remained unknown. Haus decided the best course of action would be to act as a fleet in being, which would tie down Allied naval forces, while torpedo boats, mines, and raids with fast cruisers like Admiral Spaun could be used to reduce the numerical superiority of the enemy fleets before a decisive battle could be fought.
However, engine and other machinery problems related to her propulsion systems hindered Admiral Spauns abilities to be deployed for operations in the Adriatic in a similar fashion to the ships of the Novara class. Indeed, Gardiner and Grey write in Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906â1921 that "the ship suffered so many teething troubles with her engines that she never participated in the cruiser operations of her successors, although she saw wartime service in minor and less dangerous roles." Instead, the ships of the Novara class continued operations in the Adriatic, conducting missions such as towing U-boats out into the Mediterranean or raiding Allied convoys and drifters guarding the Strait of Otranto. Nevertheless, Admiral Spaun would participate in the largest and most successful Austro-Hungarian naval operation of the war following Italy's entry into the conflict on the side of the Allies in May 1915.
Bombardment of Ancona
After failed negotiations with Germany and Austria-Hungary over Italy joining the war as a member of the Central Powers, the Italians negotiated with the Triple Entente for Italy's eventual entry into the war on their side in the Treaty of London, signed on 26 April 1915. On 4 May Italy formally renounced her alliance to Germany and Austria-Hungary, giving the Austro-Hungarians advanced warning that Italy was preparing to go to war against them. On 20 May, Emperor Franz Joseph I gave the Austro-Hungarian Navy authorisation to attack Italian ships convoying troops in the Adriatic or sending supplies to Montenegro. Haus meanwhile made preparations for his fleet to sortie out into the Adriatic in a massive strike against the Italians the moment war was declared. On 23 May 1915, between two and four hours after the Italian declaration of war reached the main Austro-Hungarian naval base at Pola, the Austro-Hungarian fleet, including Admiral Spaun, departed to bombard the Italian coast.
During the Austro-Hungarian attacks along the Italian coastline, Admiral Spaun, the cruisers , , and , as well as nine destroyers, provided a screen against a possible Italian counterattack. The expected Italian counterattack failed to materialize however. While scouting in the southern Adriatic, Admiral Spaun bombarded the port of Termoli, inflicting damage on a railway bridge and freight train, before moving on to Campomarino where she shelled the city's freight yard and train station buildings, destroying both. Meanwhile, the core of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, spearheaded by the ships of the Tegetthoff class, made their way to Ancona. The bombardment of Ancona was a major success for the Austro-Hungarian Navy. In the port of Ancona, an Italian steamer was destroyed and three others damaged, while an Italian destroyerâTurbineâwas sunk further south. The infrastructure of the port of Ancona and the surrounding towns was severely damaged. The railroad yard and port facilities in the city were damaged or destroyed, while local shore batteries defending them were knocked out. Multiple wharves, warehouses, oil tanks, radio stations, and coal and oil stores were set on fire by the bombardment, and the city's electricity, gas, and telephone lines were severed. Within the city itself, Ancona's police headquarters, army barracks, military hospital, sugar refinery, and Bank of Italy offices all saw damage. 30 Italian soldiers and 38 civilians were killed, while an additional 150 were wounded in the attack. During the attacks along the Italian coastline that day, Austro-Hungarian seaplanes also bombed Venice and Ancona.
The Austro-Hungarian fleet would later move on to bombard the coast of Montenegro, without opposition; by the time Italian ships arrived on the scene, the Austro-Hungarians were safely back in port. The objective of the bombardment of Italy's coastline was to delay the Italian Army from deploying its forces along the border with Austria-Hungary by destroying critical transportation systems, and the surprise attack on Ancona and the Italian Adriatic coast succeeded in delaying the Italian deployment to the Alps for two weeks. This delay gave Austria-Hungary valuable time to strengthen the Italian front and re-deploy some of its troops from the Eastern and Balkan fronts. The bombardment and sinking of several Italian ships also delivered a severe blow to Italian military and public morale.
1915â1916
Following Italy's entry into the war in May 1915, Admiral Spaun would be among the most regularly used ships throughout the rest of the year against the Italians in the Adriatic. However, her mechanical problems prevented her from engaging in the same number of raids and sorties as the Novara-class cruisers. During this time, Admiral Spaun spent most of her time in service in the northern Adriatic, providing cover for Austro-Hungarian ships conducting mine-laying and mine-sweeping operations. Nevertheless, she did participate in some raids in the southern Adriatic in a secondary role. On the night of 28 December 1915, Helgoland and five destroyers participated in a raid on French and Italian ships. During this raid, Helgoland rammed and sank the French submarine between Brindisi and the Albanian port of Durazzo, before attacking shipping in Durazzo the following morning. After sinking several ships in the port, two of the Austro-Hungarian destroyers accompanying Helgoland struck mines and one sank. In response to these setbacks, Novara, Admiral Spaun, and the were mobilised to support Helgoland and the Austro-Hungarian destroyers. Helgoland was unscathed in the operation and managed to evade the Allied pursuit when darkness fell, rendezvousing with the reinforcements sent out to escort her back to Cattaro. Admiral Spaun saw much less action throughout 1916 as mechanical issues remained a problem. Instead, she remained on duty in more secondary roles and underwent a refit to strengthen her anti-aircraft and torpedo weaponry. Despite these setbacks, throughout most of the war Admiral Spaun and the Novara-class ships served as the "real capital ships of the Adriatic", as many of the larger ships of the Austro-Hungarian Navyâsuch as the Tegetthoff-class battleshipsâremained at port in Pola between May 1915 and June 1918.
1917â1918
Following the torpedoing of the coastal defence ship on 10 December 1917, Admiral Spaun, the pre-dreadnought battleship , and six destroyers were sent to reinforce Austria-Hungary's harbour defences in Trieste. On 19 December, these warships linked up with Budapest, as well as 16 torpedo boats, five minesweepers, and five seaplanes to bombard Italian artillery positions at the mouth of the Piave River. This operation was supposed to provide cover for a division of the Royal Hungarian Honvéd to cross the river, but failed due to poor weather. By 1 January, Admiral Spaun and the rest of this fleet had withdrawn back to Pola.
After the Cattaro Mutiny, Admiral Maximilian Njegovan was fired as Marinekommandant, though at Njegovan's request it was announced that he was retiring. Miklós Horthy, who had since been promoted to commander of the battleship , was promoted to rear admiral and named Flottenkommandant (Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet). Horthy's promotion was met with support among many members of the naval officer corps, who believed he would use Austria-Hungary's navy to engage the enemy. Horthy's appointment posed difficulties. His relatively young age alienated many of the senior officers, and Austria-Hungary's naval traditions included an unspoken rule that no officer could serve at sea under someone of inferior seniority. This meant that the heads of the First and Second Battle Squadrons, as well as the Cruiser Flotilla, all had to go into early retirement or take shore-based positions.
Otranto Raid
Horthy was determined to use the fleet to attack the Otranto Barrage, and he planned to repeat his successful raid on the blockade in May 1917. Horthy envisioned a major attack on the Allied forces with his four Tegetthoff-class ships providing the largest component of the assault. They would be accompanied by the three ships of the Erzherzog Karl-class pre-dreadnoughts, three Novara-class cruisers, Admiral Spaun, four Tátra-class destroyers, and four torpedo boats. Submarines and aircraft would also be employed in the operation to hunt down enemy ships on the flanks of the fleet.
On 8 June 1918 Horthy took his flagship, Viribus Unitis, and Prinz Eugen south with the lead elements of his fleet. On the evening of 9 June, Szent István and Tegetthoff followed along with their own escort ships. Horthy's plan called for Novara and Helgoland to engage the Barrage with the support of the Tátra-class destroyers. Meanwhile, Admiral Spaun and Saida would be escorted by the fleet's four torpedo boats to Otranto to bombard Italian air and naval stations. The German and Austro-Hungarian submarines would be sent to Valona and Brindisi to ambush Italian, French, British, and American warships that sailed out to engage the Austro-Hungarian fleet, while seaplanes from Cattaro would provide air support and screen the ships' advance. The battleships, and in particular the Tegetthoffs, would use their firepower to destroy the Barrage and engage any Allied warships they ran across. Horthy hoped that the inclusion of these ships would prove to be critical in securing a decisive victory.
En route to the harbour at Islana, north of Ragusa, to rendezvous with the battleships Viribus Unitis and Prinz Eugen for the coordinated attack on the Otranto Barrage, Szent István and Tegetthoff attempted to make maximum speed in order to catch up to the rest of the fleet. In doing so, Szent Istváns turbines started to overheat and speed had to be reduced. When an attempt was made to raise more steam in order to increase the ship's speed, Szent István produced an excess of smoke. At about 3:15 am on 10 June, two Italian MAS boats, MAS 15 and MAS 21, spotted the smoke from the Austrian ships while returning from an uneventful patrol off the Dalmatian coast. Both boats successfully penetrated the escort screen and split to engage each of the dreadnoughts. MAS 15 fired her two torpedoes successfully at 3:25 am at Szent István. Szent István was hit by two torpedoes abreast her boiler rooms. Tegetthoff attempted to take Szent István in tow, which failed. At 6:12 am, with the pumps unequal to the task, Szent István capsized off Premuda.
Fearing further attacks by torpedo boats or destroyers from the Italian navy, and possible Allied dreadnoughts responding to the scene, Horthy believed the element of surprise had been lost and called off the attack, forcing Admiral Spaun back to port. In reality, the Italian torpedo boats had been on a routine patrol, and Horthy's plan had not been betrayed to the Italians as he had feared. The Italians did not even discover that the Austrian dreadnoughts had departed Pola until 10 June when aerial reconnaissance photos revealed that they were no longer there. Nevertheless, the loss of Szent István and the blow to morale it had on the navy forced Horthy to cancel his plans to assault the Otranto Barrage. The Austro-Hungarian ships returned to their bases where they would remain for the rest of the war.
End of the war
By October 1918 it had become clear that Austria-Hungary was facing defeat in the war. With various attempts to quell nationalist sentiments failing, Emperor Karl I decided to sever Austria-Hungary's alliance with Germany and appeal to the Allied Powers in an attempt to preserve the empire from complete collapse. On 26 October Austria-Hungary informed Germany that their alliance was over. At the same time, the Austro-Hungarian Navy was in the process of tearing itself apart along ethnic and nationalist lines. Horthy was informed on the morning of 28 October that an armistice was imminent, and used this news to maintain order and prevent a mutiny among the fleet. While a mutiny was spared, tensions remained high and morale was at an all-time low. The situation was so stressful for members of the navy that the captain of Prinz Eugen, Alexander Milosevic, committed suicide in his quarters aboard the battleship.
On 29 October the National Council in Zagreb announced Croatia's dynastic ties to Hungary had come to a formal conclusion. The National Council also called for Croatia and Dalmatia to be unified, with Slovene and Bosnian organisations pledging their loyalty to the newly formed government. This new provisional government, while throwing off Hungarian rule, had not yet declared independence from Austria-Hungary. Thus Emperor Karl I's government in Vienna asked the newly formed State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs for help maintaining the fleet stationed at Pola and keeping order among the navy. The National Council refused to assist unless the Austro-Hungarian Navy was first placed under its command. Emperor Karl I, still attempting to save the Empire from collapse, agreed to the transfer, provided that the other "nations" which made up Austria-Hungary would be able to claim their fair share of the value of the fleet at a later time. All sailors not of Slovene, Croatian, Bosnian, or Serbian background were placed on leave for the time being, while the officers were given the choice of joining the new navy or retiring.
The Austro-Hungarian government thus decided to hand over the bulk of its fleet to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs without a shot being fired. This was considered preferential to handing the fleet to the Allies, as the new state had declared its neutrality. Furthermore, the newly formed state had also not yet publicly dethroned Emperor Karl I, keeping the possibility of reforming the Empire into a triple monarchy alive. The transfer to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs began on the morning of 31 October, with Horthy meeting representatives from the South Slav nationalities aboard his flagship, Viribus Unitis in Pola. After "short and cool" negotiations, the arrangements were settled and the handover was completed that afternoon. The Austro-Hungarian Naval Ensign was struck from Viribus Unitis, and was followed by the remaining ships in the harbour. Control over the battleship, and the head of the newly established navy for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, fell to Captain Janko VukoviÄ, who was raised to the rank of admiral and took over Horthy's old responsibilities as Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet.
Post-war
On 3 November the Austro-Hungarian government signed the Armistice of Villa Giusti with Italy, ending the fighting along the Italian Front. The Armistice refused to recognize the transfer of Austria-Hungary's warships to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs. As a result, on 4 November, Italian ships sailed into the ports of Trieste, Pola, and Fiume. On 5 November, Italian troops occupied the naval installations at Pola. While the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs attempted to hold onto their ships, they lacked the men and officers to do so as most sailors who were not South Slavs had already gone home. The National Council did not order any men to resist the Italians, but they also condemned Italy's actions as illegitimate. On 9 November, all remaining ships in Pola harbour had the Italian flag raised. At a conference at Corfu, the Allied Powers agreed the transfer of Austria-Hungary's Navy to the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs could not be accepted, despite sympathy from the United Kingdom. Faced with the prospect of being given an ultimatum to surrender the former Austro-Hungarian warships, the National Council agreed to hand over the ships beginning on 10 November.
While under Italian custody, Admiral Spaun sailed into Venice in March 1919 as part of an Italian victory parade, alongside the captured battleships Tegetthoff and Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand. All three entered the Venice Lagoon flying the Italian flag, and were escorted into the port where they were displayed as war trophies by the Italians. It would take a year for the final disposition of the ships to be settled by the Allied powers through the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The United Kingdom was ceded Admiral Spaun under the terms of the treaty. Much like the larger battleships of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, however, Admiral Spaun's post-war service would be short. The same year the British were granted possession of the cruiser, she was sold for scrap to Italian ship breakers and broken up between 1920 and 1921.
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Kyoto Weather Forecast, Japan | {
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An ultra light displacement boat (or ULDB) is a modern form of watercraft with limited displacement relative to the hull size (waterline length).
ULDBs are competitive, even after 35 years with open ocean racing participation and podium finishes even today. The relative low cost to obtain, tough construction and readily easy modifications make an Olson or a Hobie an extremely competitive and fun boat. The boats do lack comfort, and are not designed for cruising; however, with multiple transpac races, and multiple Bermuda 1-2 entries, they are proving to be a stalwart competitor despite their older design.
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Lobelia deckenii is a species of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. It is a giant lobelia endemic to the mountains of Tanzania. It is listed as a threatened plant of the forests of Cherangani hills, Kenya.
It grows in moist areas, such as valley bottoms and moorland, in contrast to Lobelia telekii which grows in a similar but drier habitat. These two species produce occasional hybrids. Lobelia deckenii plants usually produce multiple rosettes. Each rosette grows for several decades, produces a single large inflorescence and hundreds of thousands of seeds, then dies. Because individual plants have multiple rosettes, they survive to reproduce repeatedly, and plants with more rosettes flower more frequently. It is iteroparous.
Lobelia deckenii plants usually form between one and eighteen rosettes which are connected underground. The individual rosettes grow slowly in the alpine environment, and may take decades to reach reproductive size. The rosette that produces an inflorescence dies after flowering, but the remaining connected rosettes live on.
Lobelia deckenii is the only alpine species of lobelia that is native to Kilimanjaro, occurring between .
Lobelia deckenii subsp. keniensis is the variety of Lobelia deckenii that occurs on Mount Kenya, between . It is eaten less by rock hyrax than Lobelia telekii, which occurs more often in hyrax habitat. The lobelia species on Mount Kenya are both pollinated by birds, especially the scarlet-tufted sunbird and the alpine chat.
This species of giant lobelia is known for the reservoirs of water held in its rosettes, which freeze at night and protect the apical meristem which is contained in a dense central leaf bud. When this reservoir is drained, the temperature of the inner meristem drops below freezing, which does not occur when the fluid is left intact. The crescent-shaped ice cubes formed in these rosettes gave rise to the nickname, "gin and tonic lobelia".
Gallery
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WHBX, or 96.1 Jamz, is an urban adult contemporary radio station in the Tallahassee, Florida market owned by Cumulus Licensing, LLC. According to AllAccess.com, WHBX is the highest rated station in the Tallahassee, FL market, joining sister stations Blazin 102.3 and Star 98 as the market's highest rated stations. Its studios are located in the westside of Tallahassee and its transmitter is based near Wakulla State Forest, south of the city.
History
WMNX signed on in 1981 on 95.9Â MHz. By 1982, it was carrying an automated country format. In 1988, the callsign changed to WTMG.
In 1991, WTMG moved up 200Â kHz to 96.1, which afforded it a class change from A to C2 and a much stronger signal. The callsign was changed to WHBX to accompany the new facility. Cumulus acquired WBZE and WHBX in 1997 for $15.4 million.
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Salmon Fletcher Dutton (July 7, 1870 â December 2, 1931) was an American businessman, Lieutenant colonel in World War I, and owner of the Dutton house, one of the original homes on Carmel Point at the southern city limits of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. He was one of the original members of the Abalone League in the 1920s.
Early life
Dutton was born on July 7, 1870, in Cavendish, Vermont. His father was postmaster Richard Henry Dutton (1833-1891), and his mother was Helen Louise Wood (1850-). He was raised in New England. The settlement Duttonsville, was named after his gg grandfather Salmon Dutton (1744-1824) in the early 1780s. In the 1920s, the name was still being used as the official name of the Cavendish village schools.
Dutton entered the military service during the SpanishâAmerican War in 1898. He served as commissary with the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 3rd Corps, in Georgia and Alabama, and was with the United States Forces of Occupation in Cuba from January to May 1899. He was commissioned a Captain during the war by a senatorial appointment from his uncle, governor Redfield Proctor Jr., of Vermont.
He married Laura May Chase of Charlestown, New Hampshire on September 25, 1901, in Keene, New Hampshire. Dutton was then appointed to the Regular Army in 1901. The position carried a salary of $2,000. He served in the Philippines, Denver, San Francisco, and Boston, as well as in France during World War I. His son Salmon Fletcher Dutton, Jr., was born on November 19, 1908, while stationed in Panay, Philippines. While with the American Expeditionary Forces he was Quartermaster of the 3rd Corps, serving in the Aisne-Marne, Oise-Aisne, MeuseâArgonne operations, and in the Champagne and Lorraine defensive during the campaigns in World War I.
Professional background
He was a former druggist at the drug firm of Aldrich & Dutton, in Keene, New Hampshire in the early 1900s.
Dutton and his family moved from the East Coast to San Francisco, California in 1920. After his aunt, Emily Jane Dutton (1835-1915) died, Dutton received a benefit from her trust estate in July 1923.
Dutton House
Dutton and his family moved to Carmel-by-the-Sea by the early 1920s. On June 15, 1923, at age 52 and retired, he applied for a United States passport. His friend, Carmel photographer Lewis Josselyn, identified him in the passport application as a friend who he had known for the past nine years. The passport also listed his address as the Highlands Inn, in Carmel, California. Dutton travelled by ship on the SS Montlaurier, to Great Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, Switzerland, and Spain with his son. They returned on the SS Zeeland, on September 9, 1923, via Cherbourg, France to New York City.
Dutton built a large two-story house on the rocky coastline on Scenic Road, Carmel Point, at the southern city limits of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. The house was referred to as "The Warehouse," and "The Castle" by his neighbor Robinson Jeffers. It was a stone house with large iron doors to the west of the "Sea Road," (Scenic Road) which at the time was a dirt road that was marked by driftwood stakes on both sides of the road. The house was between the Kuster's house and the Jeffer's house.
By 1920, the only homes on Carmel Point were the homes of Florence Wells's Driftwood Cottage (1908); John Fleming Wilson's Cottage (1912); Little Cottage of River Winds designed by Julia Morgan (1915); Col. Dutton's "Warehouse" (ca. 1919); poet Robinson Jeffers and his wife Una (1919); Playwright Charles King Van Riper (1920); musician, and attorney Edward G. Kuster (1920); and George W. Reamer's House (1920s).
The Dutton house was remodeled in 1953 for Mrs. Gladys Hosking by Francis W. Wynkoop. It was the second house built by Wynkoop on the Carmel Point coastline, called Seaburst House or the Henry Johnson House. It is a mid-century modern Expressionist-style house at 26200 Scenic Road, and was influenced by Frank Lloyd Wright's organic architecture style.
Wynkoop and his family moved to Carmel-by-the-Sea in the early 1950s. He designed two houses on Carmel Point. The first house was the Butterfly House built in 1951, at 26320 Scenic Road. It was Wynkoop's own residence for several years.
Abalone League
The Abalone League was a Carmel focal point for many years. In the 1920s, Dutton became close friends with group players that included writers Jimmie Hopper Bob Pinkerton, and Harry Leon Wilson; actors Frank Sheridan and Kit Cooke; developers of Pebble Beach Sam Morse and By Ford; theatrical producer Ted Kuster; Helen Wilson, Philip Wilson, Sr., (of the Philip Wilson Building); Elliot and Marion Boke, Col. Fletcher Dutton, Fred and Harrison Godwin (of the La Playa Hotel); Jo Mora, and Don Hale.
Dutton and his son were early players on an Abalone League together. Dutton was the team captain for the "Sardines". The players were: Gordon Campbell, c; Fred Ammerman, p; Helen Van Ripper, 1st; Col. Dutton, captain and 2nd; Fletcher Dutton Jr., 3nd; Richard Boke, ss; writer Jimmy Hooper Sr., lf; Aucourt, cf; Grace McConnell, rf; Bill Heron, if; Jim Hopper Jr., of.
In December 1927, Dutton wrote a check to the American Red Cross Flood Relief Fund in his home town of Cavendish, Vermont.
Death
Dutton died on December 2, 1931, in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, at the age of 61. After his death, his wife applied for a US War Pension on February 23, 1932. Dutton's wife Laura Chase Dutton, of Carmel Highlands, died by suicide on September 4, 1939.
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"title": "Salmon Fletcher Dutton",
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"id": null,
"title": null,
"url": "http://www.crystal-mind.net/",
"docId": "0e6d5e38-3e5d-4989-a786-6eee42b0c9d0",
"date": "2013-05-22T19:19:13"
} |
Joseph Benjamin Keeper (January 17, 1886 â September 29, 1971) was a Canadian long-distance runner, and a member of the 1912 Canadian Olympic team.
Early and personal life
Joseph Benjamin Keeper, a member of the Norway House Cree Nation, was born at Walker Lake, Manitoba. He was sent to Brandon for schooling at the Brandon Indian Residential School, and it was while there that he showed an enthusiasm for long-distance running. During his upbringing he was raised to practice the Methodist religion.
In 1916, Keeper joined the Army, and served for two years in France. He received The Military Medal for his actions at Cambrai during WWI. In 1917, Keeper joined with Tom Longboat to win an inter-Allied cross country championship near Vimy Ridge. Longboat, Keeper, and other First Nation long-distance runners A. Jamieson and John Nackaway served as dispatch carriers for the 107th Pioneer Battalion. In addition to the Military Medal, Keeper received the British War Medal and the Victory Medal.
Following the war, he returned to Winnipeg, where he worked as a carpenter, before moving back to the northern part of the province, where he worked for the Hudson's Bay Company until he retired in 1951. He and his wife Christina McLeod had four sons and three daughters. He is the grandfather of actress and Canadian politician Tina Keeper.
Career
In 1910, Keeper moved to Winnipeg, where he joined the North End Amateur Athletic Club. The following year he set a Canadian record for the ten mile run.
In 1912, he was selected to the Canadian Olympic team, and participated at the 1912 Summer Olympics at Stockholm, Sweden. He raced in the 5000 metre run and in the 10,000 metre run, where he finished fourth in the 10,000 and ninth in the 5,000, the best result ever for a Canadian runner in those events. His 5000-meter and 10,000 meter personal bests also came from the 1912 Stockholm games where he ran a time of 15:28.9 for the 5000 and 32:36.2 for the 10,000 meter run.
Keeper was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame and Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 2015 and also the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum in 1984.
Legacy
The Joe Keeper Memorial Run (now the Joe Keeper - Angela Chalmers celebration run) is held each spring by the Manitoba Runnersâ Association. The Norway House Cree Nation holds memorial races in Keeper's name.
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"id": "14885027",
"title": "Joe Keeper",
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Keeper",
"docId": null,
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In computer science, a literal is a notation for representing a fixed value in source code. Almost all programming languages have notations for atomic values such as integers, floating-point numbers, and strings, and usually for booleans and characters; some also have notations for elements of enumerated types and compound values such as arrays, records, and objects. An anonymous function is a literal for the function type.
In contrast to literals, variables or constants are symbols that can take on one of a class of fixed values, the constant being constrained not to change. Literals are often used to initialize variables; for example, in the following, 1 is an integer literal and the three letter string in "cat" is a string literal:
int a = 1;
string s = "cat";
In lexical analysis, literals of a given type are generally a token type, with a grammar rule, like "a string of digits" for an integer literal. Some literals are specific keywords, like true for the boolean literal "true".
In some object-oriented languages (like ECMAScript), objects can also be represented by literals. Methods of this object can be specified in the object literal using function literals. The brace notation below, which is also used for array literals, is typical for object literals:
{"cat", "dog"}
{name: "cat", length: 57}
Literals of objects
In ECMAScript (as well as its implementations JavaScript or ActionScript), an object with methods can be written using the object literal like this:
var newobj = {
var1: true,
var2: "very interesting",
method1: function {
alert(this.var1)
},
method2: function {
alert(this.var2)
}
};
newobj.method1;
newobj.method2;
These object literals are similar to anonymous classes in other languages like Java.
The JSON data interchange format is based on a subset of the JavaScript object literal syntax, with some additional restrictions (among them requiring all keys to be quoted, and disallowing functions and everything else except data literals). Because of this, almost every valid JSON document (except for some subtleties with escaping) is also valid JavaScript code, a fact exploited in the JSONP technique.
| {
"id": "1908624",
"title": "Literal (computer programming)",
"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literal%20%28computer%20programming%29",
"docId": null,
"date": null
} |
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[ < ç°¡åãªææ²ãäœæãã ] [ äžãž : ææ² ] [ è€æ°ã®èãžã®æè© > ] | {
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The Battle of Momotsugi was fought on October 9, 1539 when an army of the Iriki-in clan (loyal to Shimazu Takahisa) stormed the castle of Iwaya, aligned with the rival Shimazu Sanehisa.
Sanehisa had been the lord of Izumi castle in Satsuma province. He was a member of a branch family of the Shimazu. In 1526 he rebelled against Shimazu Katsuhisa and managed to expel him from Satsuma Province. Sanehisa attempted to establish himself as an independent power. With the clan's allegiance divided, Iriki-in Shigetomo remained loyal to Katsuhisa and his successor Takahisa.
Momotsugi Castle had been granted to the Iriki-in in 1536, motivating Shigetomo to capture it first since it was held by Sanehisa's forces. Shigetomo took the castle on a single night raid. The action earned Shigetomo's praise from his Lord Shimazu Takahisa.
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Kang Kon (June 23, 1918 â September 8, 1950) was a Korean military leader active in Manchuria and the Korean peninsula as well as a politician during the years leading up to the Korean War and during the first stages of the Korean War in 1950.
Biography
Kang (born Kang Shin-tae) was born in Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do (modern South Korea), on June 23, 1918, and at the young age of 16 began his involvement in national liberation and military ventures. He moved to Jilin Province in Manchuria as a child and grew up there. As a teenager, he was actively involved in recruiting anti-Japanese guerrillas for his long-time friend, Kim Il Sung, and is remembered as being unusually tall and often towering over others. Before his leadership roles in the Korean War, Kang joined the anti-Japanese struggle in Manchuria in 1932, and later fled into Soviet territory in the early 1940s, where, by the end of World War II was an officer in the 88th Independent Brigade in the Red Army, consisting of both Korean and Chinese soldiers. Lieutenant General Kang led the North Korean Army offensive during the opening stages of the Korean War until he was killed by a land mine on September 8, 1950.
Pre-Korean War
Like many of the others who served in high ranking positions under Kim Il Sung, Kang had served with Kim in Manchuria fighting against the Japanese. While in Manchuria he organized and commanded the Kiring peace Preservation Army. Even though Kang (and other Koreans fighting in Manchuria) had better military credentials than Kim, Kim was encouraged to take the reins of the new communist country because of ability to cultivate the Russians.
In the summer of 1946, Kang returned from Soviet Russia to North Korea to help establish the Korean People's Army and by 1948 he was appointed the Chief of the General Staff Department, and was an important figure in the planning of the South Korean invasion with the help of Russian war strategists and was selected to lead the invasion. He was a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea and a member of the Supreme People's Assembly.
Kang was known as a ruthless soldier, as was reflected in the armies he commanded; they were aggressive, insensitive to risk, and eager for a victory by August 15, as Kim Il Sung demanded.
Korean War
General Kang Kon spearheaded the North Korean People's Army operations southeast towards Pusan. His military endeavors were successful and had pushed the South Korean and UN forces down to the Pusan Perimeter, and on the morning of August 4, 1950, the North Korean's were ready to strike their final blow, and capture the last UN controlled area on the Peninsula. On August 4, the morning that began the Battle of Pusan Perimeter, General Kang was injured when his makeshift command post (an abandoned meat-packaging plant, selected for its thick concrete walls, originally constructed for refrigeration) was struck by a 500-pound bomb. The blast killed three people and wounded eight, one of whom was Kang. He had been in the radio room checking messages at the time of the explosion and suffered a head injury and a broken forearm.
Death
On September 8, 1950, General Kang and several others were killed by a land mine in Andong, Gyeongbuk, not far from his hometown. He was awarded âHero of the Republicâ and two days after his death, Kim Il Sung held a funeral for his fallen, long-time comrade in Pyongyang.
Legacy
In 1968 Kim Il Sung built a statue for Kang, and there is a North Korean military school named after him, Kang Kon Military Academy.
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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-90341322481541823032015-09-17T16:31:40.499+09:00
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-43919893692991538872013-09-22T00:00:00.000+09:002014-07-16T13:13:53.062+09:00<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPjBXGtftw4/Uj3QY2hhfAI/AAAAAAAAAwI/L50OcRDNuSI/s1600/IMG_4078.JPG" imageanchor="1" ><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pPjBXGtftw4/Uj3QY2hhfAI/AAAAAAAAAwI/L50OcRDNuSI/s400/IMG_4078.JPG" /></a><br />thank you Korea, we were Harvard
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-7459012364865735042012-04-09T14:00:00.014+09:002012-04-12T00:41:20.382+09:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://music.daum.net/musicbar/musicbar/detail?board_id=2913" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="267" width="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZilCRzIXbJM/T4J3Ou8-KdI/AAAAAAAAAtM/P73QGy3nr3I/s400/_MG_0397.jpg" /></a></div>
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-28063899672465311542012-02-28T21:05:00.001+09:002012-03-01T19:23:38.290+09:00Purple Roses / 察蚳<br /><br />玫ã®ãã©<br /><br /><br />æ»ãã ç«ã¯é¢šã«ã®ã£ãŠã玫ã®ãã©ã®ããã«å€§ãããªã£ãŠãã<br />ããã¯ãšãŠãåçŽãªããšã§ãäœãããå®ç§ãªãããªæ°ããã<br />颚ãåªãã圌女ã®èº«äœããªã¶ã<br /><br />ãŒããã¡ã®èšèã¯ã倩䜿ã®ç ãå¢ã®åã§å«ã¶æäººãã¡ã®ãããªãã®ã<br />ããã§ã¯æ©ãã ãã§ç²ããã£ãŠããŸã<br />èœã¡ãã€ãèã«ã€ãŸã¥ãããããŠ<br />ãŸãã§ãã¿ã®ååã®äžã§ç ã£ãŠãããã <br /><br />ãŽãç®±ã¯èœã¡çããŠã£ãŠèšããã©<br />ããã€åã®äºã奜ããªã®ããªïŒ<br />ã»ã¯ã·ãŒãªçœãã¹ãã©ãã¯è±å«ããæ¬ºãèŒãã ã<br />ã»ããé¢šã¯æ¢ãã ãããã£ã¡åŽã®äžçã¿ããã«<br />è±ãæ»ãªãªãå ŽæãèŠã€ãããã <br />ãã©ãã¡ãç ãå ŽæãæããŠãã
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-74310349446515715852012-01-02T17:55:00.017+09:002012-04-09T21:18:55.439+09:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7iBb6eXzuZM/TwFu0WJv52I/AAAAAAAAAsE/N3FSBgcXwcM/s1600/0210_FLYER_OMOTE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="400" width="284" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-7iBb6eXzuZM/TwFu0WJv52I/AAAAAAAAAsE/N3FSBgcXwcM/s400/0210_FLYER_OMOTE.jpg" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-El8mYso2Nuo/TwFu7l_dqTI/AAAAAAAAAsQ/htGz7e4kNa0/s1600/0210_FLYER_URA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style=""><img border="0" height="400" width="280" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-El8mYso2Nuo/TwFu7l_dqTI/AAAAAAAAAsQ/htGz7e4kNa0/s400/0210_FLYER_URA.jpg" /></a></div>
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-9812419871985741362011-11-16T22:10:00.002+09:002011-11-16T22:55:50.977+09:00ã®ããŸãªã¹ãã¬ã³ãžã£ãŒ<br /><br /><br />ãã€ããŒãã»ããç ãªããŠé£ã¹ãªãã§<br />ãèåã§ãé£ã¹ãã°ããã®ã«<br />çããŠããããããæ±ãããã®ã¯ãªãã ã£ãŠãããã ãã<br />峿ã«ã¯ã¯ãããŒ<br />å·Šæã«ã¯ãã³ãã»ã¢ã€ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã <br /><br />ããããã¬ã³ããã©ã€ã欲ããã£ãŠã<br />ãŒããã¯ããããªãã®ã¯è¯ããªããããšèšãã ããã<br />ã©ãããŠãèªåãéãããã®ãªã<br />æŠãã®èŠæã¯ããŠãããŠã»ãã<br /><br />ãã¹ãŠãæã«å
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[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-87479420017391978742011-11-15T22:10:00.000+09:002011-11-15T22:38:10.441+09:00ã¹ãã€ã»ãŠã£ãºã»ãŠãŒ<br /><br /><br />ãã°ã«ããã<br />æ»ãã æãæ¬²ãããªã<br />ãã®çãææãæ¬²ãããªã<br /><br />ãã°ã«ããã<br />åãã¿ã®æãã¡ã欲ãããªã<br />ãã®æåº§ãæ¬²ãããªã<br />ãã£ãšãã°ã«ã<br /><br />ã¢ã¶ãã¯ã¡ãã£ãšãããããªã<br />ãŠãªãªãéããããã©<br />ãã¿ã¯ããã§æºè¶³ããã¯ã<br />ãã®æã«ãªã³ã°ãã¯ããŠ<br /><br />ãã¿ã¯ã±ãŒãã®ã¹ããŒããèŠã€ããŠã<br />ãã®ç
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[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-30998059168865999662011-11-14T21:09:00.000+09:002011-11-14T21:13:35.326+09:00ãŒãããç·ã ããã£ãŠ<br /> <br /><br />ããã¯ããæå³ãæªè¶£å³ãªãžã§ãŒã¯<br />ãããšã£ãã«å»ããŠããŸã£ããããª<br />ãã¿ã«ãšã£ãŠå€§ããããšãããªããšããããã©<br />ããããç¥ã£ãŠãããŠã»ãã<br />å¿ã®å¥¥åºãã<br />åã¯åã©ããã¿ãŠãã£ãŠããšã<br /><br />äœããæ¶ãå»ãã€ã€ãã£ãŠã<br />ããã¯ã»ãã®å°ãæ²ããæ°ããã<br />ããã³ã®ã¢ã€ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã <br />ãããªã®ããããããã <br />åã©ããã¿ãŠã<br /><br />ãã¹ãŠã¯æéã®åé¡ã§<br />ãããŠãŒãã®è²¬ä»»ã§ããã<br />çå®ãç¥ãã°ç¥ãã»ã©ã«ããããªããªã£ãŠãã<br />ããã¯äžã«ããããçŒã®ããã®æ<br />ãããŠç¿ã®äžã®çŸã®ããã®âŠ
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-17899945862504363702011-11-13T21:09:00.006+09:002011-11-13T21:46:47.490+09:00åºåã®ããªã³ã¹<br /><br /><br />ãŒããã¯ãã¿ã§ã倪éœã¯èŒãå
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[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-83763023909474922011-11-11T22:10:00.002+09:002011-11-11T22:17:05.528+09:00éå€ã«ãŠ<br /><br /><br />æã«æãåã£ãŠéæ©ããã<br />ãããŠéšã®å€ã«åããã<br />åºãããæã«ã¯ãã€ããŽãŒã«ãã身ã«ãŸãšã<br />ãŽãŒã«ããããã¯ãŒãã®å¿ã®æåœ±<br /><br />ããšãã°ãâ Ballet Du Rêve â / Francois De Roubaix / 1970<br />ããšãã°ãâGraduation Day â / The Beach Boys (Cover) / 1965<br />ãããã¯ãâ On Fire â / Phoenix / 2000<br />ãããªãµãã«ãŸãèžããã <br /><br />æã«æãåã£ãŠéæ©ããã<br />ãããŠãã£ã€ãã¿ãŠã³ã®åå Žã«åããã<br />ãã®åãâééŸçªâ
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-40054601909242725612011-11-10T23:11:00.006+09:002012-04-18T00:48:23.171+09:00å¶ç¶ã®åºäŒã<br /><br /><br />èŠæž¡ããšãããã«ã¯1茪ã®è±<br />ããã«ã¯ã2èã®ãã·ãŽ<br />ãããŠã6æ¬ã®ãã¯ã¿ã€<br />ããã§ãæããŠãããã®ã«ã¯è§Šããããªããã <br /><br />èŠæž¡ããšãããã«ã¯é»ã®è±å«<br />ããã«ã¯ãåžè¡é¬Œ<br />ãããŠããªãŒãããã»ã¬ãŒã«<br />ãã£ã±ãæããŠãããã®ã«ã¯ãŸã å±ããªã<br /><br />å£ãéãããŠ<br />ãŒãã®ããã«çã倢ãèŠãŠ<br />äžæ¥ã®çµããã«ã¯ã©ãæãããã ãã<br />è³ããµããã§<br />ãã£ããç ã£ãŠããŸã倢ã®ç¶ããèŠããšãã<br />ãåã®å³¶ã®åãè£ãéãã®ããšã話ããã£ãïŒ<br /><br />ãã¿ã匷ãæãã»ã©ã«<br />ãŒãã®ç®ã«ã¯éãæ¶ãããµããŠ<br />ãããŠé ¬ãäŒã<br />ããããã®ãã®ã倱ã£ãŠããŸã£ãããã©<br />ã³ãŒããåãã«è¡ããªãã¡ã<br />誰ããç®ã®åãé女ã®ããã«éããããŠãã<br /><br />ã€ãã«ãã¿ãèŠã€ãããšãã<br />ãã¿ã®æã¯ãŒãã®çãçŒãããã ãã<br /><br />ãŒãã¯ãã£ãã身åããåããã«ãã<br />ãããªããã©ã€ãã€ã€ãŒãº<br />ãããªããè¡ãŸã¿ãã®æ¥ã
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[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-78772500542981575042011-10-28T20:08:00.001+09:002015-02-17T16:08:11.430+09:00<iframe width="374" height="210" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/0WLZ-EyTHw0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
[email protected]:blogger.com,1999:blog-9034132248154182303.post-36716575543853373572011-10-22T17:05:00.002+09:002011-10-28T23:30:41.252+09:00HARVARD / HAHVAHD<br /><br />I. Under The Moondog<br />II. A Chance Meeting<br />III. In The Suburbs<br />IV. Vanessary<br />V. Jardin<br />VI. Romance<br />VII. Just Because We're Men<br />VIII. Bacalorea Rules<br />IX. Stay With You<br />X. Paisley On Liberty<br />XI. Slow Strangers<br /><br />bac001<br /><br />Bacalorea. / AWDR/LR2 / BounDEE, Inc
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"url": "http://viharvardiv.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default",
"docId": "917236ac-0cce-42b1-b737-854b6fafeb7f",
"date": "2015-09-17T07:31:40"
} |
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