DOI
string | abstract
string | title
string | author
list | URL
string | year
int64 | month
string | vector
list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1093/cep/20.3.246
|
<jats:p>Predictions of Portuguese export market performance consequent on European market integration tended to come up short. To explain why, the author presents and analyzes the technical literature. The author compares the forecasts with actual results and then develops a simple model to extrapolate and replicate the prE‐1992 Portuguese experiences. This model builds on relatively rapid growth already under way. The author holds that relative export industry market share as a function of relative sales effort explained export performance. Further, the author argues that four country industry concentration ratios as a function of changes in revealed comparative advantage as well as “home market” institutions explain the competitive situations faced by Portuguese exports both before and after 1992. The concatenation of these four variables yields successive equilibria.</jats:p>
|
EUROPEAN MARKET INTEGRATION AND THE SMALL NATION
|
[
"Stokes Charles J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1093/cep/20.3.246
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1093/cep/20.3.301
|
<jats:p>A matching function methodology is used to investigate the macroeconomic effects of labor market program (LMP) commencements on youth unemployment outflows in Australia using unpublished data that classify commencements and outflows by duration of unemployment. The results indicate that LMPs have had significant effects on outflows from short‐term unemployment. There is a net positive effect from LMP commencements on short‐term unemployed female outflow rates. However, females experienced negative spillover effects from male LMP commencements. These spillover effects appear to be associated with wage subsidy programs and suggest the net impact of such programs may have been overstated in previous studies.</jats:p>
|
YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT OUTFLOW RATES AND LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS: AUSTRALIAN EVIDENCE
|
[
"Leeves Gareth "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1093/cep/20.3.301
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1093/embo-reports/kvf124
|
<jats:p>Inhibition of amyloid β‐peptide (Aβ) production by blocking γ‐secretase activity is at present one of the most promising therapeutic strategies to slow progression of Alzheimer's disease pathology. γ‐secretase inhibitors apparently block Aβ generation via interference with presenilin (PS) function. Besides being an essential component of the γ‐secretase complex, PS itself may be an aspartyl protease with γ‐secretase activity, which is not only required for Aβ production but also for a similar proteolytic process involved in Notch signaling. Here we demonstrate that treatment of zebrafish embryos with a known γ‐secretase inhibitor affects embryonic development in a manner indistinguishable from Notch signaling deficiencies at morphological, molecular and biochemical levels. This indicates severe side‐effects of γ‐secretase inhibitors in any Notch‐dependent cell fate decision and demonstrates that the zebrafish is an ideal vertebrate system to validate compounds that selectively affect Aβ production, but not Notch signaling, under <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> conditions.</jats:p>
|
A γ‐secretase inhibitor blocks Notch signaling <i>in vivo</i> and causes a severe neurogenic phenotype in zebrafish
|
[
"Geling Andrea ",
"Steiner Harald ",
"Willem Michael ",
"Bally‐Cuif Laure ",
"Haass Christian "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1093/embo-reports/kvf124
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1093/pan/10.2.113
|
<jats:p>This paper discusses a nonstationary, heterogeneous Markov model designed to estimate entry and exit transition probabilities at the micro level from a time series of independent cross-sectional samples with a binary outcome variable. The model has its origins in the work of Moffitt and shares features with standard statistical methods for ecological inference. We outline the methodological framework proposed by Moffitt and present several extensions of the model to increase its potential application in a wider array of research contexts. We also discuss the relationship with previous lines of related research in political science. The example illustration uses survey data on American presidential vote intentions from a five-wave panel study conducted by Patterson in 1976. We treat the panel data as independent cross sections and compare the estimates of the Markov model with both dynamic panel parameter estimates and the actual observations in the panel. The results suggest that the proposed model provides a useful framework for the analysis of transitions in repeated cross sections. Open problems requiring further study are discussed.</jats:p>
|
Inferring Transition Probabilities from Repeated Cross Sections
|
[
"Pelzer Ben ",
"Eisinga Rob ",
"Franses Philip Hans "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/10.2.113
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1098/rstb.2002.1078
|
<jats:p>
All organisms examined to date, respond to a sudden change in environmental temperature with a specific cascade of adaptation reactions that, in some cases, have been identified and monitored at the molecular level. According to the type of temperature change, this response has been termed heat shock response (HSR) or cold shock response (CSR). During the HSR, a specialized sigma factor has been shown to play a central regulatory role in controlling expression of genes predominantly required to cope with heat-induced alteration of protein conformation. In contrast, after cold shock, nucleic acid structure and proteins interacting with the biological information molecules DNA and RNA appear to play a major cellular role. Currently, no cold–specific sigma factor has been identified. Therefore, unlike the HSR, the CSR appears to be organized as a complex stimulon rather than resembling a regulon. This review has been designed to draw a refined picture of our current understanding of the CSR in
<jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic>
. Important processes such as temperature sensing, membrane adaptation, modification of the translation apparatus, as well as nucleoid reorganization and some metabolic aspects, are discussed in brief. Special emphasis is placed on recent findings concerning the nucleic acid binding cold shock proteins, which play a fundamental role, not only during cold shock adaptation but also under optimal growth conditions.
</jats:p>
|
Coping with the cold: the cold shock response in the Gram-positive soil bacterium
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>
|
[
"Weber Michael H. W. ",
"Marahiel Mohamed A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1078
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1098/rstb.2002.1086
|
<jats:p>The plant actin cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic, fibrous structure essential in many cellular processes including cell division and cytoplasmic streaming. This structure is stimulus responsive, being affected by internal stimuli, by biotic and abiotic stresses mediated in signal transduction pathways by actin–binding proteins. The completion of the<jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic>genome sequence has allowed a comparative identification of many actin–binding proteins. However, not all are conserved in plants, which possibly reflects the differences in the processes involved in morphogenesis between plant and other cells. Here we have searched for the<jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic>equivalents of 67 animal/fungal actin–binding proteins and show that 36 are not conserved in plants. One protein that is conserved across phylogeny is actin–depolymerizing factor or cofilin and we describe our work on the activity of vegetative tissue and pollen–specific isoforms of this protein in plant cells, concluding that they are functionally distinct.</jats:p>
|
Actin–binding proteins in the<i>Arabidopsis</i>genome database: properties of functionally distinct plant actin–depolymerizing factors/cofilins
|
[
"Hussey Patrick J. ",
"Allwood Ellen G. ",
"Smertenko Andrei P. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1086
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1098/rstb.2002.1088
|
<jats:p>Handedness in plant growth may be most familiar to us when we think of tendrils or twining plants, which generally form consistent right– or left–handed helices as they climb. The petals of several species are sometimes arranged like fan blades that twist in the same direction. Another less conspicuous example is ‘circumnutation’, the oscillating growth of axial organs, which alternates between a clockwise and an anti–clockwise direction. To unravel molecular components and cellular determinants of handedness, we screened<jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</jats:italic>seedlings for helical growth mutants with fixed handedness. Recessive<jats:italic>spiral1</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>spiral2</jats:italic>mutants show right–handed helical growth in roots, hypocotyls, petioles and petals; semi–dominant<jats:italic>lefty1</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>lefty2</jats:italic>mutants show opposite left–handed growth in these organs.<jats:italic>lefty</jats:italic>mutations are epistatic to<jats:italic>spiral</jats:italic>mutations.<jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic>helical growth mutants with fixed handedness may be impaired in certain aspects of cortical microtubule functions, and characterization of the mutated genes should lead us to a better understanding of how microtubules function in left–right handedness in plants.</jats:p>
|
Molecular genetic analysis of left–right handedness in plants
|
[
"Hashimoto Takashi "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1088
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1101/gad.995702
|
<jats:p>Activator-mediated transcription complex assembly on templates lacking chromatin requires the interaction of activators with two major coactivator complexes: TFIID and mediator. Here we employed immobilized template assays to correlate transcriptional activation with mediator and TFIID recruitment. In reactions reconstituted with purified proteins, we found that activator, TFIID, and mediator engage in reciprocal cooperative interactions to form a complex on promoter DNA. Preassembly of the coactivator complex accelerates the rate of transcription in a cell-free system depleted of TFIID and mediator. Our data argue that this coactivator complex is an intermediate in the assembly of an active transcription complex. Furthermore, the reciprocity of the interactions demonstrates that the complex could in principle be nucleated with either TFIID or mediator, implying that alternative pathways could be utilized to generate diversity in the way activators function in vivo.</jats:p>
|
TFIID and human mediator coactivator complexes assemble cooperatively on promoter DNA
|
[
"Johnson Kristina M. ",
"Wang Jin ",
"Smallwood Andrea ",
"Arayata Charina ",
"Carey Michael "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.995702
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1101/gad.u-9988r
|
<jats:p>Prior work has indicated that D-type cyclin–cdk4 complexes, which are only active in proliferating cells, can suppress the skeletal muscle differentiation program in proliferating myoblasts. In this study, we show that cyclin D–cdk activity can block the activity of the MEF2 family of transcriptional regulators, which are crucial regulators of skeletal muscle gene expression. We have found that cyclin D–cdk activity blocks the association of MEF2C with the coactivator protein GRIP-1 and thereby inhibits the activity of MEF2. During skeletal muscle differentiation, GRIP-1 is localized to punctate nuclear structures and can apparently tether MEF2 to such structures. Cotransfection of GRIP-1 can both potentiate the transcriptional activity of a Gal4–MEF2C construct and induce MEF2C localization to punctate nuclear structures. Consistent with the absence of punctate nuclear GRIP-1 in proliferating myoblasts, we have found that ectopic cyclin D–cdk4 expression disrupts the localization of both GRIP-1 and MEF2C to these punctate subnuclear structures. Our findings indicate that cyclin D–cdk4 activity represses skeletal muscle differentiation in proliferating cells by blocking the association of MEF2 with the coactivator GRIP-1 and concomitantly disrupts the association of these factors with punctate nuclear subdomains within the cell.</jats:p>
|
Cyclin D–cdk4 activity modulates the subnuclear localization and interaction of MEF2 with SRC-family coactivators during skeletal muscle differentiation
|
[
"Lazaro Jean-Bernard ",
"Bailey Peter J. ",
"Lassar Andrew B. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.u-9988r
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1104/pp.003301
|
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>In flowering plants, the vegetative nucleus and the two sperm cells are proposed to form a functional assemblage, the male germ unit (MGU). Here, we describe the developmental pathway of MGU assembly in Arabidopsis and report two classes of mutations that affect the integrity and/or the positioning of the MGU in the mature pollen grain. In germ unit malformed (gum) mutants, the vegetative nucleus is positioned adjacent to the pollen grain wall, separate from the two sperm cells, whereas in MGU displaced (mud) mutants, the intact MGU is displaced to the pollen grain wall.mud and gum mutants correspond to male-specific gametophytic mutations that also reduce pollen fitness. Genetic mapping showed that the gum1 andgum2 mutations are genetically linked, possibly allelic, whereas the mud1 and mud2 mutations correspond to two unlinked loci mapping on different chromosomes. The hierarchical relationship between mud andgum mutations was investigated by phenotypic analysis of double mutants. gum1 appeared to act earlier thanmud1 and mud2, affecting initial MGU assembly and its stability during pollen maturation. In contrast,mud1 and mud2 mutations appear to act only on MGU positioning during final maturation. From in planta analyses of pollen germination in mud andgum mutants, we conclude that the initial proximity and positioning of MGU components is not required for their entrance into the pollen tube, but the efficiency of MGU translocation is reduced.</jats:p>
|
Genetic Control of Male Germ Unit Organization in Arabidopsis
|
[
"Lalanne Eric ",
"Twell David "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.003301
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1104/pp.005645
|
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>In plants, numerous Ca2+-stimulated protein kinase activities occur through calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs). These novel calcium sensors are likely to be crucial mediators of responses to diverse endogenous and environmental cues. However, the precise biological function(s) of most CDPKs remains elusive. The Arabidopsis genome is predicted to encode 34 different CDPKs. In this Update, we analyze the Arabidopsis CDPK gene family and review the expression, regulation, and possible functions of plant CDPKs. By combining emerging cellular and genomic technologies with genetic and biochemical approaches, the characterization of Arabidopsis CDPKs provides a valuable opportunity to understand the plant calcium-signaling network.</jats:p>
|
Calcium Signaling through Protein Kinases. The Arabidopsis Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Gene Family
|
[
"Cheng Shu-Hua ",
"Willmann Matthew R. ",
"Chen Huei-Chi ",
"Sheen Jen "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.005645
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1104/pp.010937
|
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>We have demonstrated that low concentrations of ethanol vapor efficiently induce the alc gene expression system in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Samsun NN), potato (Solanum tuberosum cv Solara), and oilseed rape (Brassica napus cv Westar). For many situations, this may be the preferred method of induction because it avoids direct application of comparatively high concentrations of an ethanol solution. Although induction was seen with less than 0.4 μm ethanol vapor, maximal induction of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene was achieved after 48 h in leaves of tobacco plants enclosed with 4.5 μm ethanol vapor. In the absence of ethanol, there is no detectable gene expression. Treatment of potato tubers with ethanol vapor results in uniform β-glucoronidase (GUS) expression. Vapor treatment of a single oilseed rape leaf resulted in induction of GUS in the treated leaf only and 14C-ethanol labeling in tobacco confirmed that the inducer was not translocated. In contrast, enclosure of the roots, aerial parts, or whole plant with ethanol vapor resulted in induction of GUS activity in leaves and roots. The data reported here broaden the utility of the alc system for research and crop biotechnology.</jats:p>
|
Ethanol Vapor Is an Efficient Inducer of the <i>alc</i> Gene Expression System in Model and Crop Plant Species
|
[
"Sweetman Justin P. ",
"Chu Chengcai ",
"Qu Nan ",
"Greenland Andrew J. ",
"Sonnewald Uwe ",
"Jepson Ian "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.010937
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1104/pp.010960
|
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>The response of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi-nc) plants with elevated catalase activity was studied after infection by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). These plants contain the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) peroxisomal catalase geneCTA1 under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The transgenic lines exhibited 2- to 4-fold higher total in vitro catalase activity than untransformed control plants under normal growth conditions. Cellular localization of the CTA1 protein was established using immunocytochemical analysis. Gold particles were detected mainly inside peroxisomes, whereas no significant labeling was detected in other cellular compartments or in the intercellular space. The physiological state of the transgenic plants was evaluated in respect to growth rate, general appearance, carbohydrate content, and dry weight. No significant differences were recorded in comparison with non-transgenic tobacco plants. The 3,3′-diaminobenzidine-stain method was applied to visualize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the TMV infected tissue. Presence of H2O2 could be detected around necrotic lesions caused by TMV infection in non-transgenic plants but to a much lesser extent in the CTA1 transgenic plants. In addition, the size of necrotic lesions was significantly bigger in the infected leaves of the transgenic plants. Changes in the distribution of H2O2 and in lesion formation were not reflected by changes in salicylic acid production. In contrast to the local response, the systemic response in upper noninoculated leaves of both CTA1 transgenic and control plants was similar. This suggests that increased cellular catalase activity influences local but not systemic response to TMV infection.</jats:p>
|
Effect of Yeast <i>CTA1</i> Gene Expression on Response of Tobacco Plants to Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection
|
[
"Talarczyk Andrzej ",
"Krzymowska Magdalena ",
"Borucki Wojciech ",
"Hennig Jacek "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.010960
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1105/tpc.12.12.2425
|
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Plant cells can exhibit highly complex nuclear organization. Through dye-labeling experiments in untransformed onion epidermal and tobacco culture cells and through the expression of green fluorescent protein targeted to either the nucleus or the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum/nuclear envelope in these cells, we have visualized deep grooves and invaginations into the large nuclei of these cells. In onion, these structures, which are similar to invaginations seen in some animal cells, form tubular or planelike infoldings of the nuclear envelope. Both grooves and invaginations are stable structures, and both have cytoplasmic cores containing actin bundles that can support cytoplasmic streaming. In dividing tobacco cells, invaginations seem to form during cell division, possibly from strands of the endoplasmic reticulum trapped in the reforming nucleus. The substantial increase in nuclear surface area resulting from these grooves and invaginations, their apparent preference for association with nucleoli, and the presence in them of actin bundles that support vesicle motility suggest that the structures might function both in mRNA export from the nucleus and in protein import from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.</jats:p>
|
Plant Nuclei Can Contain Extensive Grooves and Invaginations [W]
|
[
"Collings David A. ",
"Carter Crystal N. ",
"Rink Jochen C. ",
"Scott Amie C. ",
"Wyatt Sarah E. ",
"Allen Nina Strömgren "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.12.12.2425
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00012530210426257
|
<jats:p>A personal view of the ex‐editor of <jats:italic>Guardian Unlimited</jats:italic> and acknowledged new media expert on the problems of managing and juggling the digital information flow in the workplace. Considers the sheer speed at which we are expected to work in cyberspace. The benefits and problems associated with e‐mail in the workplace are discussed. The way we relate to e‐mail and how we allow it to dominate our lives are the key matters of concern.</jats:p>
|
Going for the burn dreaming of the short walk
|
[
"Hunt Robin "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00012530210426257
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00035590210426472
|
<jats:p>Phosphonates have shown synergistic effects in combination with Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> ions in controlling the corrosion of carbon steel immersed in neutral aqueous environments containing 60‐ppm Cl<jats:sup>‐</jats:sup>. The role of phosphonates in the presence of Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> ions has been investigated by polarisation tests and weight loss results. It was observed that the phosphonates functioned as transporters of Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> ions from the bulk of the solution towards the metal surface. The phosphonate‐Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> bond is sufficiently strong to carry Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> ions from the bulk solution towards the metal surface, but is weak enough for them to break to form a phosphonate‐Fe<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> bond at anodic sites on the metal surface. Inhibition efficiency increases when the phosphonate‐Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> complex remains in solution in soluble form. Inhibition efficiency decreased when the phosphonate‐Zn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> complex was precipitated in the bulk of the solution.</jats:p>
|
The role of phosphonates as transporters of Zn<sup>2+</sup> ions in the inhibition of carbon steel in neutral solutions containing chlorides
|
[
"Rajendran S. ",
"Apparao B.V. ",
"Palaniswamy N. ",
"Amalraj A.J. ",
"Sundaravadivelu M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00035590210426472
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709410050601
|
<jats:p>Socio‐affective state can affect appetite, and choice of food or drink
can affect mood and social perception. Effects of dietary constituents
on the brain often play some role in these food‐mood linkages but they
are forged into strong and particular shape by personal involvement in
cultural practices surrounding consumption of particular items. Briefly
discusses psychological research into the following examples: alcoholic
drinks, tea and coffee, nutritive tonics and dieters′ “danger foods”.</jats:p>
|
Social Situation and Emotional State in Eating and Drinking
|
[
"French Jennifer A. ",
"Blair Alan J. ",
"Booth David A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410050601
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709410059080
|
<jats:p>Examines provisions of the 1992 Regulation on the registration of
geographical indications and designations of origin for agricultural
products and foodstuffs. Also examines protection of such names under
the United Kingdom Trade Marks Act and the law of passing off.</jats:p>
|
Tradition and Progress:
|
[
"Thienes Marjorie "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410059080
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709410060772
|
<jats:p>Quality is increasingly being viewed as the hallmark of any successful
company. This philosophy has led to the evolution of the quality
management system (QMS), and the increasing use of independent
accreditation schemes such as BS 5750 represents the growing realization
that continual and recognized improvements in quality may be necessary
to achieve and sustain good economic performance, legal requirements and
a commercial advantage. Considers the impact of a quality‐oriented
approach within the food industry and, in particular, its potential
value in managing an effective product development function within that
system. Discusses various issues concerning the feasibility of
implementing such an approach, including the continuing benefits
provided by Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCPs) and Hazard
Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) processes.</jats:p>
|
Product Development and the QMS
|
[
"McIlveen Heather "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410060772
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709410072562
|
<jats:p>Sixty quota‐sampled consumers were interviewed regarding their knowledge
about biotechnology, their perceptions of risks and benefits resulting
from the application of the technology, and related ethical concerns
arising from the technology. Comparisons were made between food‐related
and other applications. The effect of information on responses to
focused questions about biotechnology was examined. Analysis of
interview data indicated that knowledge of the new biotechnology was
very low, particularly with respect to food and agricultural
applications. Both risks and benefits were seen as applying more to
other people and society than the self. The provision of information
about biotechnology appeared to increase perceptions of potential
benefits, but not reduce perceptions of risk. It was concluded that
public knowledge of the new biotechnology remains uncrystallized
(particularly with respect to food and agricultural applications) and
opinions are likely to be formed via whatever public information becomes
available.</jats:p>
|
Biotechnology and Food Production
|
[
"Frewer L.J. ",
"Shepherd R. ",
"Sparks P. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410072562
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709410074678
|
<jats:p>Discusses research recently carried out by Delyn BC and the Audit
Commission in its search for performance indicators for the
environmental health food safety function, and how this can facilitate
improved analysis of “Hazard” and “Risk Management” performance in food
premises. Analysis has been made of risk assessment scores from 8,000
food premises inspections carried out by Environmental Health Officers
from varying LAs, which have been transferred into a computerized
database, located at Delyn BC. Interpretation and observation of the
results and illustrations has revealed some fascinating similarities
between the LA data presented. Implementation of these proposals could
provide more uniform risk analysis and enhanced enforcement standards in
food premises, leading to improved food safety by enabling the more
accurate focusing of resources and efforts to where they are most needed
and effective.</jats:p>
|
How Indicators Can Perform for Hazard and Risk Management in Risk
Assessments of Food Premises
|
[
"Phillips Brinton ",
"Rutherford Neil ",
"Gorsuch Tom ",
"Mabey Mark ",
"Looker Nick ",
"Boggiano Ray "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410074678
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510077908
|
<jats:p>Examines the likely effect of the changes in GATT on the British
beef industry and the implications of these changes for the marketing
strategies of British beef producers. The result of GATT changes is that
there is unlikely to be any incentive for producers to increase
production. Instead, marketing strategies will have to centre on
increasing profitability by increasing quality and quality awareness
with the objective of increasing margins. Examines the production and
marketing of quality beef in the UK and proposes a number of strategies
for the future.</jats:p>
|
Implications of changes in GATT for the marketing strategies of
British beef producers
|
[
"Gibbs Juliette ",
"Shaw Susan A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510077908
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510077926
|
<jats:p>Describes a healthy eating campaign for schoolchildren, designed
and implemented by a member of the food industry, and evaluated by an
academic department. Promotes the importance of starch and discourages
the intake of fat. Indicates that satisfactory results were obtained on
both counts and that the children′s nutrition knowledge increased
sharply. Also shows the experiment to have justified the collaboration
between the food industry and independent dietitians.</jats:p>
|
Nutrition education for schoolchildren – the Nutri‐Programme
approach
|
[
"Seaman Claire ",
"Kirk Terry "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510077926
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510082470
|
<jats:p>Reports the findings of a study conducted to explain the recent
poor performances of the Australian food‐processing industry, by
historically analysing the structural determinants and intensity of
competition that prevailed in the early 1980s. Covers the period 1979 to
1985 in depth using a research design that incorporates information from
both published sources and empirical interviews of senior marketing
executives. Using the Porter framework, an accepted approach to the
structural analysis of industries, demonstrates that the food industry
was one of the most competitive industries in the world in the early
1980s. Attempts to analyse the resultant implications of such
competitive pressures on industry performance in the 1990s.</jats:p>
|
The impact of structural factors on the performance of the
Australian food‐processing industry
|
[
"Ratnatunga Janek "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510082470
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510085657
|
<jats:p>Suggests that though inulin is an oligosaccharide of dietary
interest as a bifidogenic factor, little consideration appears to have
been given to its behaviour in foods. Establishes that inulin would be
entirely suitable for incorporation into natural or stirred fruit
yogurt, in that it enhances the organoleptic properties of the
product(s), and at inclusion levels which could be valuable from a
nutritional standpoint.</jats:p>
|
The potential of inulin as a functional ingredient
|
[
"Robinson Richard K. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510085657
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510091029
|
<jats:p>Snacking is commonly regarded by the general public as unhealthy,
believing that it is more beneficial to stick to an eating pattern of
three meals a day. Similarly anyone on a weight reduction programme will
avoid snacks, reducing the frequency of eating occasions to two to three
times a day. However there is evidence to suggest that snacking is not
the evil once thought and individuals that snack throughout the day have
positive advantages over individuals who conform to a rigid pattern of
three meals a day. Increasingly western populations appear to be moving
away from the “gorging” to the “nibbling”
pattern of eating, probably as a direct result of the increased
availability of fast foods and snacks. Reviews the literature in the
area of snacking and frequency of eating with respect to energy and
nutrient intakes, body weight, body composition and energy balance and
indicates the direction for further research.</jats:p>
|
Snacking: implications in body composition and energy balance
|
[
"Drummond Sandra ",
"Kirk Terry ",
"de Looy Anne "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510091029
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510092307
|
<jats:p>The forces shaping the “new Europe” are many and
varied. The changes will test food manufacturers to the limits. If
appropriate strategies are to be developed, a clear understanding is
needed of the forces driving change and their likely effects. Outlines
the forces driving change, including: the prospect of further EU
enlargement; the liberalization of trade in central and eastern Europe;
the GATT and CAP agreements. Suggests ways in which manufacturers need
to adjust to the changes and the issues they need to be aware of.</jats:p>
|
The new Europe: an overview
|
[
"Morton Catherine "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510092307
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709510105078
|
<jats:p>There has been an increase in the consumption of pork in recent
years. Reports on a survey of the attitudes of Dublin consumers to pork.
Identifies the quality factors which consumers consider when purchasing
and eating pork, in particular pork chops. Determines the relative
importance of these factors and ascertains consumer attitudes to the
quality of pork available. Examines the responses of different market
segments. Finds that most consumers are happy with the quality of
available pork, and leanness is by far the most important quality factor
for consumers when buying pork chops. Marbling should not be visible.
Identifies tenderness and flavour as the most important attributes of
the eating quality of pork chops. Juiciness was the third most important
eating quality factor and many consumers perceived pork to be dry.
Suggests that the production of leaner meat must observe any effects
that proposed changes in procedure may have on these eating quality
attributes. Concludes that payment systems should reflect the consumer
demand for leanness, and ways of payment that reflect consumer needs in
tenderness and flavour also need to be developed. Finds that, in
relation to market segments, males and the ABC1 socio‐economic group
were more likely to be satisfied with the tenderness of pork chops than
females or consumers from other socio‐economic groups.</jats:p>
|
Dublin consumers and pork: attitudes to quality
|
[
"O′Mahony Robert ",
"Cowan Cathal ",
"Keane Michael "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709510105078
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709610150879
|
<jats:p>Considers the technique of conjoint analysis as a method for acquiring insights into the preferences for food products. Applies the technique to establish the trade‐offs that consumers make between price, quality, convenience to prepare and location of purchase in the purchasing of fruit and vegetables. Also uses the technique to estimate indirectly willingness to pay for the included attributes according to income group. Quality was found to be the most important attribute. Reveals, through segmentation of the price attribute by income, that those on higher incomes had a higher marginal valuation of price. Also suggests that respondents understood the questionnaire, and answered it in a meaningful and consistent way. Suggests that the technique could successfully be used to establish consumer preferences for alternative food products that are commercially feasible.</jats:p>
|
Using conjoint analysis to establish consumer preferences for fruit and vegetables
|
[
"van der Pol Marjon ",
"Ryan Mandy "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150879
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709610150914
|
<jats:p>Addresses important logistical considerations in the distribution of a seasonal food product. While most organizations recognize that quality affects both demand and cost, the degree of uncertainty in the distribution channel itself, which impacts quality through management’s efforts to procure adequate stock of product during peak demand, must also be considered. Develops a stochastic dynamic programming formulation from which budget‐constrained order quantities may be determined. Shows that the distribution and timing of orders impacts on quality, which is measured by the shortage probability over the multiple period planning horizon. Provides a numerical example from which optimal solutions are obtained. Provides a basic framework from which decision support tools may be developed to assist in procuring a product in a distribution channel where receipt quantities are probabilistic.</jats:p>
|
Budget‐constrained high‐quality procurement strategies subject to risk
|
[
"Boronico Jess S. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709610150914
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709610151067
|
<jats:p>Notes that the main criteria for selecting nutrients to be added to foods are that they are shown to be safe, effective and beneficial, or that for certain at‐risk population groups there is a demonstrable need. Also that addition of nutrients requires careful attention to food regulations, labelling, nutritional rationale, cost, acceptability of the product to consumers and assessment of technical and analytical limitations for compliance with label declarations. Points out that there are several examples where the nutritional enrichment of foods (restoration and fortification) has helped prevent or reduce the level of nutritional inadequacies within a population. Concludes that foods with added nutrients provide an ideal vehicle for improving the nutritional status of populations, particularly in the light of changing lifestyles and dietary patterns.</jats:p>
|
Addition of nutrients: current practice in the UK
|
[
"Brady Maeve C. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709610151067
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709710165205
|
<jats:p>Aims to identify the extent to which the reactions of the European Commission and Member States may justifiably sit alongside the aims of the single market and the wider objectives of the EC. Examines the reactions of Member States and the EC in effecting a ban on the movement of British beef and allied products within the context of the principles of free movement of goods and powers in relation to the Common Agricultural Policy. Confirms that, while first impressions may suggest the response of the Commission and Member States goes to the foundations of the single market, the protection is not absolute. The beef crisis provides the opportunity to examine the freedoms which form the foundation of the single market and, in particular, to identify the sensible limitations of those freedoms in the light of wider Community objectives.</jats:p>
|
The beef crisis: free trade issues in European law
|
[
"Upson Joan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709710165205
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709710179345
|
<jats:p>From the perspective of an image‐generating department to the perspective of profitability, the meat department possesses unsurpassed importance within the US grocery store. Surprisingly, the meat department is the subject of relatively little published research. Examines one aspect of the meat department ‐ customer use of the service meat counter <jats:italic>vis‐à‐vis</jats:italic> the self‐service meat counter. Results indicate that customers’ use of the service meat counter appears not to be a simplistic phenomenon. When used, the service meat counter appears to be viewed as a complement to the self‐service meat counter, not a replacement. The demographic factors examined did not appear to have the potential to serve as successful segmentation factors as far as use of the service meat counter is concerned.</jats:p>
|
Use of the service meat counter: an exploration
|
[
"Smith Peter W. ",
"Burns David J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709710179345
| 2,002 |
July
|
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10.1108/00070709710188408
|
<jats:p>European food manufacturers are switching to pan‐European marketing and rationalizing manufacturing operations to achieve economies of scale as margins are squeezed by retailers and brand loyalty wanes. The US multinational CPC International appears to epitomize this trend. However, its focus on manufacturing efficiencies cannot compensate for long‐standing marketing inefficiencies. It needs to recognize that although it has a pan‐European approach to the Knorr brand name, it cannot expect this brand to achieve sales levels in the UK comparable with those gained on the Continent.</jats:p>
|
Pan‐European branding: CPC International and Knorr
|
[
"McDermott Michael C. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709710188408
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709710196481
|
<jats:p>Explores the adoption of strategic planning techniques by agribusiness, specifically agricultural co‐operatives. Offers implications for policy. A survey was sent to 345 co‐operatives listed in the US Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Cooperative Service’s <jats:italic>Directory of Farmer Cooperatives</jats:italic>. Co‐operatives have widely adopted many of the sophisticated strategic planning techniques such as environmental analysis, core competences and SWOT analysis.</jats:p>
|
Strategic planning and agribusiness: an exploratory study of the adoption of strategic planning techniques by co‐operatives
|
[
"Miles Morgan P. ",
"White John B. ",
"Munilla Linda S. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709710196481
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709810207496
|
<jats:p>There is widespread concern that children consume too few fruit and vegetables and as a result are likely to incur health problems. This paper outlines a series of studies in which an intervention that combines video‐based peer modelling with rewards has been shown to be very effective in enabling children to eat a variety of fruit and vegetables that previously they rejected. These effects have been very substantial and long lasting. The procedure has been used successfully in children’s own homes and, as this paper shows in particular detail, in school settings. </jats:p>
|
The way to healthy eating for children
|
[
"Horne Pauline J. ",
"Fergus Lowe C. ",
"Bowdery Michael ",
"Egerton Christine "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709810207496
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00070709810242127
|
<jats:p>Based on the responses to a questionnaire about consumer behaviour carried out in Navarra. The aim of the present study is to classify the consumers in Navarra into homogeneous groups for the purpose of discovering the emergence of a “new consumer”, characterized by certain “impulsive” behaviour such as buying items that are not needed, purchasing products which will not be used, etc.</jats:p>
|
A single consumer or different types of consumer: an analysis of social types according to their consumer habits
|
[
"Diaz de Rada Vidal "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709810242127
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00197850110366922
|
<jats:p>How do you ensure that representatives can confidently sell a complex product to a sophisticated audience? This was the problem faced by a European pharmaceutical company whose salesforce and managers needed to understand the features and benefits of its novel “high tech” molecule – and be able to convey these to hospital consultants. The challenge was to make the training accurate and clear, yet lively and motivating. It had to engage representatives as well as product and marketing managers across Europe. This case‐study article describes how the challenge was met.</jats:p>
|
Effective training – it’s the thought that counts
|
[
"Meller Rachel ",
"Mann Roger "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00197850110366922
| 2,002 |
July
|
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10.1108/00197850210429110
|
<jats:p>Describes the background behind the development of a new leadership self‐assessment instrument, the dynamic leader inventory and how the authors were able to confirm much current thinking on “visionary” leadership. They found leadership situations were enormously variable – what was appropriate behaviour in terms of visionary leadership varied from one situation to another, particularly with respect to the leader’s influence over others and influence over change. This led to the development of a new model of leadership, the “dynamic” leader which builds on, but goes beyond, the “visionary” model. This development is explained and a framework is outlined, identifying four types of leadership situations. Findings have clear implications for thinking about leadership and for the practice of leadership development.</jats:p>
|
The dynamic leader – leadership development beyond the visionary leader
|
[
"Manning Tony ",
"Robertson Bob "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00197850210429110
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242530110363244
|
<jats:p>As a result of the new reform of the college curriculum in China in 1998, the previously separated five information‐related majors were merged into a new special “information management and systems” curriculum. This change brings about both new challenges and new threats to the old information science specialism. However, it is inevitable for the specialism to change itself.</jats:p>
|
Recent changes in information science education in Chinese universities
|
[
"Chu Jingli "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530110363244
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242530110363262
|
<jats:p>This paper stresses the importance of grey literature to a developing country like Ghana. Present attempts at grey literature acquisition, storage and organisation are discussed. The writer is of the view that these attempts have failed due to reasons such as funding and staffing. A Centralised Documentation Centre such as a National Library is recommended for the country. Failing this, then, selected libraries should be properly organised to play this role.</jats:p>
|
The need for the collection and bibliographic control of grey literature in Ghana
|
[
"Alemna A.A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530110363262
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242530210421040
|
<jats:p>The paper deals with questions about the historical dimension of the library and information studies (LIS) education seen from a Danish point of view and the perspective of primarily public representation. The arguments come from a sketch of the tradition of the librarians’ education and roles, an adaptation of contemporary historical thought combined with a refined concept of representation of history, and a short experiment study of final theses of LIS students within historical areas. It concludes with some educational objectives for the fundamental necessity of a broad, reflexive and democracy oriented cultural history perspective.</jats:p>
|
Educating LIS students in cultural history
|
[
"Lund Niels D. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530210421040
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242530210421068
|
<jats:p>Examines requirements of information professionals in the health sector, and ways career development can be enhanced. Includes analysis of job descriptions, categorising skills and roles, mapping profiles to other criteria, including health sector, and two statements for standards in higher education. Interviews with nine professionals confirmed findings of the job description analysis. There is a spectrum of skills, with clumps of traditional library skills, information analysis skills and a growing need for specialist skills. The statement provides a good basis for skills required. Providers need to encourage students towards “lifelong learning” to meet changing requirements.</jats:p>
|
Health informatics education – working across the professional boundaries
|
[
"Pearson Andrew ",
"Urquhart Christine "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530210421068
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539410049449
|
<jats:p>Describes abstracting and indexing services for science and
technology produced in India. Analyses the services with respect to such
aspects as frequency, nature of publications covered, chronological
development, and subject coverage. Concludes that most of the services
are selective and that engineering and technology are better covered
than are pure sciences. Recommends that the coverage of these services
should be broader‐based, if anything approaching total bibliographic
control of scientific and technical literature in India is to be
achieved.</jats:p>
|
A Study of Indian Secondary Services (Abstracting and
Indexing) in Science and Technology
|
[
"Bhattacharya P. ",
"Kar Debal C. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539410049449
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539410058322
|
<jats:p>A bibliometric analysis of 1,456 articles appearing in Indian
Library and Information Science journals between 1975 and 1985 revealed
that the average rate of citations per article in the field was quite
low. Books and journals were identified as the major categories of
documents referred to in these articles and both were positively
related. It is concluded that the increase in journal citations and rate
of citations between 1975 and 1985 indicates that Indian Library and
Information Science journals are now publishing a higher number of
research‐oriented articles in comparison with earlier years.</jats:p>
|
Indian Library and Information Science Journals
|
[
"Mahapatra G. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539410058322
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539410072146
|
<jats:p>Presents principles relating to acquisitions policy and collection
development as performance measurements. Evaluates the Moi University
Library (Kenya) based on these principles and existing IFLA standards
for University Libraries.</jats:p>
|
Collection Development as Performance Measurement
|
[
"Shibanda Gundu "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539410072146
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539510080146
|
<jats:p>The library services we provide today are built on the skill, energy and vision of earlier generations of librarians; yet most of these pioneers remain unknown. Examines the career of Butler Wood, librarian at Bradford for 50 years, 41 of them as chief librarian. In addition to the successful development of a major municipal library, he developed art gallery and museum services; was a founder member and contributor to many literary, historical and cultural organizations; he influenced the development of reference and rural libraries; and he contributed to the growth of the library profession itself. An appreciation of this visionary scholar/ administrator can provide inspiration today.</jats:p>
|
Standing on forgotten shoulders – who was Butler Wood?
|
[
"Duckett Bob "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539510080146
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539510080164
|
<jats:p>Outlines various positive achievements by the British Library
during 1994. Suggests that for the British Library, 1994 was marked by
continuing controversies over the new St Pancras building. Discusses the
arguments surrounding the St Pancras development in relation to three
documents issued during 1994. The hostility of the British Library
Regular Readers Group to losing the Round Reading Room in Bloomsbury was
reexpressed in a new edition of its pamphlet. The whole project was
examined by the National Heritage Committee; discusses its conclusions.
Finally, the chairman of the British Library Board, Sir Anthony Kenny,
produced a pamphlet outlining the background to the development of the
new British Library building, its present state and future prospects.
Discusses this in relation to the other documents and development of
British Library policy.</jats:p>
|
Turning point for the British Library?
|
[
"Day Alan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539510080164
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539510086267
|
<jats:p>Describes the history of the Bradford Mechanics′ Institute Library,
which was founded in 1832, in relation to prevailing educational and
social circumstances. Discusses changes resulting from the Education Act
of 1870 when education passed into public hands. Considers the Library′s
present survival and the circumstances hindering and harming that
survival, which are mostly concerned with funding.</jats:p>
|
History of the Bradford Mechanics′ Institute Library
|
[
"Verity David "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539510086267
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539510086285
|
<jats:p>Provides a brief outline of the background of British Book Trade
History studies as an introduction to the establishment of the British
Book Trade Index within the relevant library of the University of
Newcastle upon Tyne. This is a computerized index of the names and brief
biographical and trade details of all those who worked in the book trade
in England and Wales, starting work prior to 1851. Discusses the conduct
and present state of the project, as well as its uses.</jats:p>
|
British Book Trade Index: development and progress
|
[
"Isaac Peter "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539510086285
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610107541
|
<jats:p>Reviews the development of the catalogue in the light of changing needs and changing technology. Current development of the interactive catalogue coincides with an increased need to test user reaction to library services in the academic sector because of the growing emphasis on quality assessment. The coincidence has been exploited at the Universities of Hull and Newcastle, using Geac online catalogues to survey library users electronically. Describes the two experiments and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the approach.</jats:p>
|
The Golden Retriever bites back: using the catalogue for user surveying
|
[
"Mowat Ian R.M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610107541
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610107550
|
<jats:p>Investigates the history of the machine‐readable catalogue (MARC). Compares US and UK attitudes to MARC and raises the fact that US and British standards are incompatible. Suggests that the two should be able to integrate and gives reasons for this.</jats:p>
|
Common MARC, or <i>vivent les différences?</i>
|
[
"Bourne Ross "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610107550
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610113030
|
<jats:p>Deplores the apparent ignorance of English and other literatures displayed by many library staff. Early public librarians showed a great awareness of classical books and authors, but a century ago technical problems supplanted literary articles in the library press. In 1927 R.D. McLeod founded the <jats:italic>Library Review</jats:italic>. This, and other journals, prompted a reappearance of bookish librarians. But when library schools began to flourish, literary history disappeared from the Library Association syllabus and is no longer taught in the schools. This has led to the emergence of library science at the cost of literary knowledge. Claims it is time for a change.</jats:p>
|
The rise and fall of the bookish librarian
|
[
"Harrison K.C. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610113030
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610115281
|
<jats:p>Demonstrates the usefulness of the case study method as a learning tool for practising library and information specialists. Conclusions based on findings from a Botswana Library Association seminar involving the relationship between professional and paraprofessional staff in which case studies were used. Data on seminar participants’ opinions regarding the case studies were obtained through mail questionnaires. Based on the overwhelming positive response by participants, the case studies were found to be extremely useful at this seminar. Moreover, argues that case studies can be successful at seminars more generally, with suggested case study readers being provided.</jats:p>
|
The case study method
|
[
"Roselle Ann "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610115281
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610122508
|
<jats:p>Examines the role of the external assessor in the review of academic libraries. Considers the various types of library review and, within them, the differing roles of the assessor. Discusses the training preparation needs, documentary requirements of, and benefits to external reviewers. In conclusion, proposes that, as the external reviewer can have an important influence in library reviews, there should be suitable training and an agreed code of conduct.</jats:p>
|
Reviewing other people’s libraries
|
[
"Mowat Ian R.M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610122508
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610125631
|
<jats:p>Examines the Tanzanian political system and reviews the new role of Parliament within it. Outlines information needs of Members of Parliament and the role of the parliamentary library and research services. Examines the Tanzania Parliamentary Library and suggests additional services to be provided. Points out that the parliamentary library and research services are enjoined to be neutral rather than hold party allegiance, in order to serve all parties represented equally and fairly.</jats:p>
|
The role of parliamentary library and research services in multi‐party Tanzania
|
[
"Kimbunga Thomas Michael "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610125631
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00242539610131599
|
<jats:p>Explains that public libraries with well‐established library systems have flourished in Taiwan during the past four decades owing to economic prosperity. Points out that despite this, less than one‐tenth of the population in the community served by these libraries have registered as library users. Suggests that this relatively low level of use by customers may be due to a lack of awareness of the services that the public library has to offer. Proposes an effective approach to designing marketing strategies to incorporate marketing channels, corresponding communications messages and service quality dimensions, in order to promote the use of library services, and thus change the use pattern of current customers. Uses involvement segmentation and a hierarchy‐of‐effects paradigm.</jats:p>
|
Customer involvement with services in public libraries
|
[
"Chang Pao‐Long ",
"Hsieh Pao‐Nuan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00242539610131599
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740010311816
|
<jats:p>Reviews a number of models, discussing the strengths and the weaknesses of each. In every case, the contribution to global competitiveness is highlighted, so that piece by piece, a comprehensive outline of current knowledge is developed. Based on this comprehensive background, a new model is proposed. As the authors have benefited from the work of many other scholars and practitioners, the “individually‐focused model” is a pragmatic tool that can be used by the practising manager.</jats:p>
|
A human resources model for excellence in global organization performance
|
[
"Wright Phillip C. ",
"Geroy Gary D. ",
"MacPhee Maura "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740010311816
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740010317469
|
<jats:p>This article posits a paradigm of levels of success for strategic decision outcomes. A high level of strategic decision success is normally preceded by a positive strategic gap in which the strengths of the organization clearly outweigh its weaknesses. Three comprehensive cases are set forth as practical applications to illustrate and confirm the paradigm of levels of strategic decision success. Philip Morris’s decision in 1984 to diversify into the food processing industry is proffered as the epitome of a highly successful strategic choice. General Motors’ decision in 1978 to reinvent the corporation is advanced as a hallmark of a marginally successful strategic outcome. And Walt Disney’s decision in 1996 to acquire Capital Cities/ABC is cited as an example of a strategic choice with an indeterminately successful outcome. The conclusions in all three cases are supported by current research findings.</jats:p>
|
Levels of strategic decision success
|
[
"Harrison E. Frank ",
"Pelletier Monique A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740010317469
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740010317478
|
<jats:p>Examines non‐linear adaptation to change in the high‐technology environment of the computer industry. These environments are defined, and the efficacy of different organizational adaptations is assessed with respect to these environments. Results from our analyses show that there is a direct and causal relationship between the employment of non‐linear organizational archetypes and organizational effectiveness within high‐technology industries.</jats:p>
|
The relationship between transitory organizational structures and non‐linear environments
|
[
"Pashtenko Valentin H. ",
"Roy Matthew H. ",
"Dugal Sanjiv S. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740010317478
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740010373070
|
<jats:p>Globalization and economic integration have focused attention on the topic of ethics in international management. At a time when the European Union is attempting to harmonize standards in many areas, the issue of ethics within the EU deserves special attention. Given the diversity of the historical and cultural backgrounds of EU citizens, one might expect to find different ethical orientations in different EU countries. In an effort to gain an understanding about ethics in an EU country where little previous research has been conducted, this article is directed toward the attitudes of future Greek professionals. A sample of the current college‐student population in Greece was surveyed regarding professional and business ethics to understand how we might expect individuals from Greece to behave once they have to make the difficult decisions that are necessary in business circumstances.</jats:p>
|
Business ethics in the European Union: a study of Greek attitudes
|
[
"Peppas Spero C. ",
"Peppas George J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740010373070
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740010373494
|
<jats:p>IS spending by high‐growth medium‐sized enterprises is at a significantly lower level than that for other companies. However, there was no set pattern or correlation that identified relatively high IS investment with high growth or vice versa. The future forecast for IS investment favours a modest increase in the one to three years planning horizon. Although, given that these are high‐growth companies growing at rates in excess of 15 per cent per annum, the modest increase could represent a real reduction unless the price of technology reduces at a significant rate. The most notable evaluation criteria were “to facilitate change” and “formal financial investment”, but these were closely followed by “act of faith” or “gut feel” approaches. When asked to identify preferred project options, in the past the clear choice of most was medium risk and medium pay off. In the future the preferred options support medium risk and high pay off. </jats:p>
|
Information systems investment within high‐growth medium‐sized enterprises
|
[
"Tonge Richard ",
"Larsen Povl ",
"Roberts Martyn "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740010373494
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740210413334
|
<jats:p>This paper reviews the strategic benefits and problems relating to the outsourcing decision. These include issues of cost, quality, flexibility, strategic focus, leverage and diversification, the potential loss of critical skills and knowledge, and appropriation of final product value. The outsourcing decision is presented as one that will vary between firms within an industry through the differences in each organization’s context. A model is developed, structuring the contextual factors: capability, cost, technology, supply and product market conditions, to enable a consideration of the outsourcing decision through a focus upon its implications for competitive advantage.</jats:p>
|
Strategic sourcing: benefits, problems and a contextual model
|
[
"Jennings David "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740210413334
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740210413361
|
<jats:p>Understanding large amounts of information and efficiently using that information in improved decision making has become increasingly challenging as businesses collect terabytes of data. Businesses have turned to emerging technology including neural networks, symbolic learning, and genetic algorithms. In the current study, four classification methods were compared using results from an Indonesian contraceptive‐method preference survey. The four methods are linear discriminant analysis, quadratic discriminant analysis, backpropagation neural networks, and modular neural networks. The modular neural network is a more complex and less frequently used neural network model. This comparative study gives insight into its performance on classifying observations from a challenging data set, the 1987 National Indonesia Contraceptive Prevalence Survey.</jats:p>
|
Using modular neural networks for business decisions
|
[
"Mitchell David ",
"Pavur Robert "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740210413361
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740210420174
|
<jats:p>Maintains that high performance companies have an unmistakable profile that separates them from also‐rans, including distinctive characteristics of the corporate culture, the people and the management systems. Isolates seven attributes that differentiate the culture of high‐performing companies, lists staff, behaviours that set them apart, and describes three uncompromising principles upon which the management system is founded.</jats:p>
|
High‐performance companies: the distinguishing profile
|
[
"Osborne Richard L. ",
"Cowen Scott S. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740210420174
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740210420246
|
<jats:p>This article examines the construction and operation of a service industry information system in the early years of the twentieth century. It sets the operations of the Birmingham, UK, company of Mitchells & Butlers in the context of the brewing industry and the operation of public houses. The surviving records are used to construct a picture of a complex and sophisticated information system, which not only used accounting records to control managers but also used the same managers as sources of information about the broader context. The apparent success of this system is set against the reluctance of other brewers to adopt it. This is seen to relate in part to the very complexity of the information system created, but also in part to the broader perceptions of brewers about the nature and status of their trade.</jats:p>
|
Managing managers: an early twentieth century service industry information system
|
[
"Mutch Alistair "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740210420246
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251740210426330
|
<jats:p>One of the features of current society is that of protest against environmental issues and this paper considers protest against road building and the ecoprotest movement. In doing so it considers both the local inhabitants and new age travellers who are involved in such protest to show that not only does ecoprotest, as a form of protest, raise the profile of environmental issues within public discourse but also opens up space for such discourse. Of greater significance is the effect which the ecoprotest, movement has upon a local sense of identity and community. Indeed the travellers themselves, through their action and engagement, demonstrate that the key determinant of community identity is grounded in self‐belief and shared aspirations rather than in an externally imposed definition or in any economic imperatives. This paper shows that the migration of this sense of self‐belief into mainstream society serves to demonstrate that community spirit and identity are extant in modern society but need a catalyst for their re‐emergence. In doing so the role of ecoprotest points towards a possible mechanism for the re‐emergence of an active and participatory sense of community identity within society as a whole.</jats:p>
|
Rekindling community spirit and identity: the role of ecoprotestors
|
[
"Crowther David ",
"Cooper Stuart "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740210426330
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410050633
|
<jats:p>Considers computer simulation as a method for studying the behaviour of
business systems under a variety of assumed conditions for analysing the
simultaneous interaction of many variables to produce valuable insights
into problems. Looks at how simulations can help to provide answers to
complex decisions and problems which cannot be solved by conventional
methods.</jats:p>
|
Queues and the Power of Simulation: Helping with Business Decisions and
Problems
|
[
"Proctor Robert A. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410050633
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410054792
|
<jats:p>A key to economic success is that a company should be clear about its
purpose. Existing methods of reporting company performance have proved
inadequate. The missing link could be incorporating mission statements
to share the mission/purpose of the organization with the end‐users.
Describes the essential features of mission statements using 13
variables. Reports on research into about 200 UK‐based European
companies. Analyses their scores in terms of the 13 variables, and finds
they leave much to be desired. Concludes that, for company reporting to
be improved, a TQM approach needs to be adopted.</jats:p>
|
Corporate Reporting
|
[
"Zairi Mohamed ",
"Letza Steve "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410054792
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410057320
|
<jats:p>Focuses on retail pharmacy in the UK. Current concerns are identified,
as is the general trajectory of European Union policy in this area.
Consideration is given to the role played by individual pharmacists in
primary health care within the NHS. Considers the potential for
differential impact of the European Union proposals and draws attention
to possible competitive consequences.</jats:p>
|
Will the EU Legislation Affect Retail Pharmacies?
|
[
"Pioch Elke ",
"Davies Barry J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057320
| 2,002 |
July
|
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0.11803270876407623,
0.6880298852920532,
0.6299269199371338,
0.8580771684646606,
-0.060969192534685135,
0.6356936693191528,
-1.1551408767700195,
-0.30157095193862915,
-0.39957353472709656,
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0.024579549208283424,
-0.16659708321094513,
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-0.2552001178264618
] |
10.1108/00251749410057348
|
<jats:p>Bulgarian wine made a dramatic and successful entry into the UK wine
market in the 1980s and led a revolution in wine drinking in the UK.
Charts the strategies employed, and the relative success achieved, by
the state‐controlled Bulgarian wine industry in entering the UK and
other EC markets. The state system both supported and hindered the
efforts of the industry to apply a market‐oriented approach to
production, pricing and exporting. Reviews the development of the former
state‐owned company in the post‐communist era. The future for Bulgarian
wine in the UK and other EC markets is uncertain. Observes general
trends in the UK market and in the wine industry.</jats:p>
|
Bulgarian Wines
|
[
"Bainbridge Stephen ",
"Roe Aidan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057348
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410057384
|
<jats:p>The Marks & Spencer case is concerned with the development of the UK’s
leading retailer of food and fashion in international markets. Key
issues in the process are: (1) the question of the choice of market
entry strategies, what strategic routes are available to retail
organizations in entering new markets and the extent of strategic fit
between acquired companies and the UK business; (2) the development of a
retailer brand as an international brand. Significant differences exist
between the development of a retailer brand and that of the development
of a manufacturer brand in international markets.</jats:p>
|
Marks & Spencer –
|
[
"Whitehead Maureen "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057384
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410057410
|
<jats:p>A study in the retail market entry strategy of a major UK manufacturer
which highlights the difficulties of forward vertical integration,
conflict with other retail customers, and heralds a complete
restructuring of the company, as the joint venture in retailing takes
time and capital to establish.</jats:p>
|
A Case Study in Market Entry – Episode
|
[
"Lea‐Greenwood Gaynor "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410057410
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410058617
|
<jats:p>Accuses management of repeatedly substituting bureaucracy and complex
reporting and control systems for the things that really matter to
competitive success. It is claimed that all too often the implementation
of strategies is not simply ineffectual, it is positively damaging to
organizations. Short cases in the areas of quality management, customer
satisfaction management, and personal appraisal and development systems
are given to support this argument. Concludes with a list of symptoms of
this problem and appropriate managerial responses.</jats:p>
|
The Real Strategic Issues versus Organizational Bureaucracy and
Administrative Neatness
|
[
"Piercy Nigel F. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410058617
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410058644
|
<jats:p>Reviews the advances in creative thinking since De Bono′s <jats:italic>Lateral
Thinking</jats:italic>, including work on brain hemispheres, with particular reference
to practical techniques that can be applied in business. Outlines a
general approach, largely concerned with how the creative right brain is
best harnessed, and drawing, <jats:italic>inter alia</jats:italic>, on current research among top
British business leaders. Describes a number of specific techniques,
including what are termed Chunking, Sleight of Mouth, Reversals,
Metaphors, the Meta Model, and different forms of Visualization. Some of
these have been developed within Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP). A
new technique, Chunked Reversals, has been developed by the author.
These techniques allow, typically, hundreds of ideas to be generated and
applied to strategic or operational business objectives, in a more
focused way than traditional brainstorming or lateral thinking.</jats:p>
|
The Technology of Creativity
|
[
"Alder Harry "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410058644
| 2,002 |
July
|
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-0.8096000552177429,
0.4201154112815857,
0.020443536341190338,
-0.36953049898147583,
0.5194349884986877,
0.06992499530315399,
0.4963390529155731
] |
10.1108/00251749410058653
|
<jats:p>Describes work carried out at Cardiff Business School, University of
Wales, to investigate the scope for applying Artificial Intelligence
(AI) techniques in the field of management. The main thrust of the work
so far has been oriented towards marketing decisions, but the
implications extend to decision making in general.</jats:p>
|
Intelligent Computer Models for Marketing Decisions
|
[
"Curry Bruce ",
"Moutinho Luiz "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410058653
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410058699
|
<jats:p>Management is not always professional in all its attitudes and actions
and has often been – and still is – inadequate in some aspects. It is
useful for managers at all levels occasionally to review their approach
and experience in the light of continual change. In general terms,
attempts to assist that process. Setting the agenda, choosing the
method, executing the work, reviewing progress and learning for the
future are matters requiring the manager′s personal attention, in
addition to a plethora of other functions connecting “owners”, staff and
other interested parties – even customers!</jats:p>
|
Management Considerations
|
[
"Godfrey Ronald M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410058699
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410065105
|
<jats:p>Corporate and marketing strategists have begun seriously to address the
problems of adapting to turbulent environments. Discusses concepts of
adaptation and turbulence and describes some of the difficulties with
both notions. Concludes that strategic advantage rests with creating
turbulence or changing the rules.</jats:p>
|
The Strategic Imagination
|
[
"Glaser Stan "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410065105
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410065123
|
<jats:p>Documents ranging from advertisements to policy statements do not have
to be either sexist or clumsily anti‐sexist. There is a middle ground
of neutral writing which avoids sex bias, and communicates without
giving offence. Analyses the problem and suggests practical ways for
management to develop gender‐free style, starting with the most critical
documents.</jats:p>
|
A Practical Guide to Gender Neutral Language
|
[
"Pitt M.J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410065123
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749410071603
|
<jats:p>Presents an improved replicable systematic method for the selection or
promotion of employees through the developmental stages of a case study.
The method provides systematic techniques for ensuring fairness and
equality of opportunity for all candidates as related to particular job
functions. The Criteria‐Related Employability Assessment Method (CREAM)
has gone through continuous improvement over the past 20 years. The
case study is of a new firefighter recruit selection process developed
for the Phoenix Fire Department. Criteria were drawn from a group of
the organization′s currently successful employees. Follow‐up research of
those candidates selected for the first two firefighter recruit training
classes showed that there was a significantly high correlation between
the selected candidates and the criteria group of successful Phoenix
firefighters. The playing field being levelled resulted in a significant
increase in the number of minority group members and females that were
selected to be on the hiring list. The method can be replicated and is
applicable to other organizations in both the public and private
sectors, such as fire departments, police departments, large
corporations and government employee training programmes. Concludes that
CREAM does remove or at least neutralize a great deal of the uses of
personali ower, political manoeuvring, quotas and other special internal
selection methods while meeting most if not all the external regulatory
requirements, and assists in ensuring that the people selected know they
were selected for who they are and not for just what they are.</jats:p>
|
CREAM: Criteria‐Related Employability Assessment Method:
|
[
"Ripley Robert E. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749410071603
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510084662
|
<jats:p>Describes in detail the simpler approach to scenario planning which
retains the ability to handle uncertainty – the traditional reason
for using such scenarios. States that their greatest virtue, however, is
that their use naturally – and painlessly – widens managers′
viewpoints and helps to extend their planning horizons beyond the short
term. Concludes that the most important message to emerge is that
scenarios can be simple, and the simpler they are – and the
simpler the process used to derive them – the more effective they
may be; not least because those using them are able to understand how
they work.</jats:p>
|
Simpler scenarios
|
[
"Mercer David "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510084662
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510087605
|
<jats:p>Proposes the MCC decision matrix as a modern equivalent of the
original Boston Consulting Group (BCG) portfolio matrix. Focuses on the
key questions of mission and core competences which define the axes of
the matrix and give it its name. Unlike the BCG matrix, the MCC matrix
can be used to assess the relative merits of any competing claims on
resources, not just those associated with product/ market segments or
strategic business units. Also the validity of the matrix itself can be
challenged and its expression modified. Claims that the matrix can be
applied to sub‐units at any level of the organization and is therefore a
powerful tool for applying strategic logic to all types of
resource‐allocation decisions throughout an organization, ensuring their
optimal contribution to building competitive strength. Presents a
nine‐cell directional policy matrix as an alternative form.</jats:p>
|
The MCC decision matrix:
|
[
"Nicholls John "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510087605
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510087650
|
<jats:p>Provides an innovative perspective on the subject of
specialization. From the 1950s to the 1980s, the German management
practitioner and consultant Wolfgang Mewes, developed what he called the
“energo‐cybernetic strategy”, which he applied principally
to managerial problems on a very broad front. His work is relevant to
virtually any organization and even to individuals on a personal level.
Discusses the theory which places great emphasis on the value, nature
and use of specialization.</jats:p>
|
Specialization and its critical role in business
|
[
"Bloch Brian "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510087650
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510090548
|
<jats:p>One of the key dilemmas facing senior managers is IT investment. Much rides on it, yet it often fails to deliver. The usual cause of failure is cited as “human error”. Yet senior managers are perhaps expecting too much of IT managers, who are often technologists forced into management (in furtherance of their careers). Recently, much has been made of the potential of “hybrid managers”, individuals who combine computer literacy with business acumen and a flair for management. Offers a review of the status and potential of the hybrid manager and includes a sketch of the training required to help develop the necessary skills.</jats:p>
|
The hybrid manager: a review
|
[
"O′Connor Gerry ",
"Smallman Clive "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510090548
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510093941
|
<jats:p>Argues that the assumptions which drive consultancy research are
flawed, since they are based on the premiss that key management problems
revolve around uncertainty when, in fact, management is ambiguous rather
than uncertain. Analyses the effect of this understanding on management
consultancy. Suggests that consultants should embark on a process of
self‐development to enable them to understand the worlds of work which
others must experience.</jats:p>
|
Working daze: uncertainty and ambiguity in consulting
|
[
"de Burgundy Jak "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510093941
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510098955
|
<jats:p>Simple game theory offers a number of important insights into
strategic behaviour in a competitive business environment. Provides some
flavour of the issues which can be addressed. Using a two‐firm
framework, considers how some familiar and recurring business decisions
can be analysed as games. Shows that by such means a number of
apparently complex problems can be rendered tractable. The purpose of
the exercise is to show that the logical processes on which game theory
rests can be a valuable aid to strategy formulation.</jats:p>
|
Ten simple lessons in strategy from the games firms play
|
[
"Rothschild R. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510098955
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749510098973
|
<jats:p>Exploring data and relationships between variables by visual
inspection permits one to obtain excellent information for
decision‐making purposes. <jats:italic>CA Compete</jats:italic>! for Windows facilitates
this process. The range of applications for the package in management
decision making is quite enormous. Illustrates an application in the
marketing control process. The example illustration can be expanded and
developed to provide a control mechanism which enables the user to have
a better chance of ensuring that objectives are met.</jats:p>
|
Business modelling on a personal computer
|
[
"Proctor Tony "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749510098973
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610110328
|
<jats:p>Today, business organizations compete in the global marketplace. To compete successfully, organizations pursue the status of the world‐class organization (WCO). A WCO is defined as the best in its class, or as good as its best global competitor, in providing most value to the customer. The strategic pillars that enable an organization to become a WCO must be supported by effective information systems. Conventional information systems development approaches are not necessarily relevant for WCOs. Presents new approaches to developing the information for world‐class organizations.</jats:p>
|
Developing the information systems architecture for world‐class organizations
|
[
"Lee Sang M. ",
"Kim Bonn‐Oh "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610110328
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610113677
|
<jats:p>A two‐part article developing the necessary activities for professional firms to compete and develop their business in the late 1990s. Focuses mainly on changing the emphasis from broad‐based marketing to its practical follow‐up via active selling. Introduces a number of concepts in Part I to assist professional firms to realize the full potential that is available from their existing clients.</jats:p>
|
“Selling” professional services: a practical approach ‐ Part I
|
[
"Ferguson Clifford J. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610113677
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610115170
|
<jats:p>Reviews ten criticisms concerning business ethics: six of which question the development of the field in general; and four which challenge common teaching methods. By doing so, attempts to understand progress and aims to articulate the urgent need for a goal structure which can become the basis for assigning success or failure. Also calls for a new inquiry in which individual integrity, rather than corporate ethics is paramount.</jats:p>
|
Business ethics, where do we stand? Towards a new inquiry
|
[
"de Rond Mark "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610115170
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610115189
|
<jats:p>Investment in manufacturing is important to sustained UK economic recovery, quality of life and national economic standing. Considers results from a survey of UK manufacturers on influences on capital investment, the appraisal methods used and the impact of recent changes, particularly in interest rates. Compares results with the Bank of England and CBI surveys and studies of appraisal methodology. Outcomes include the finding that UK interest rates are not seen by most manufacturers as an important influence on their investment decisions. Examines the effects of factors such as inflation, taxation and the UK and EU economic outlooks. Responses confirm near universal usage of the payback method in financial appraisals and widespread use of multiple criteria. Looks at UK investment in advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) and what allowances are made for intangible benefits. Considers a number of aspects of short‐ termism and concludes that the Cadbury recommendations are unlikely to have a major impact.</jats:p>
|
Investment decision making in UK manufacturing industry
|
[
"Wilkes F.M. ",
"Samuels J.M. ",
"Greenfield S.M. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610115189
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610124909
|
<jats:p>Notes that measurement of R&D performance has always posed great problems due to the nature of R&D activity and the difficulties in identifying a tangible output. Also that performance measurement systems have often been built on input variables or on qualitative evaluation of the output. Attempts to identify quantitative measures of R&D performance and to single out those related to activities under complete and partial control of R&D managers. Takes as a starting‐point the concept of economic value creation as a firm’s normative objective and the analysis of the contribution of R&D to it. Builds on this a performance measurement system that leads to identify proxy measures of both R&D effectiveness and efficiency.</jats:p>
|
Searching for an effective measure of R&D performance
|
[
"Chiesa Vittorio ",
"Masella Christina "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610124909
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610128103
|
<jats:p>Relates that Intel invented the microprocessor which revolutionized computing and information technology and, unlike other rival semiconductor companies, Intel has dominated the sector for nearly two decades. Charts the history of Intel, and the core economic factors within the industry, and assesses the company’s approach to high growth and technological change. Looks at the dramatic rise in demand for ever more powerful processors and how Intel has maintained a clear strategy in this market. Assesses the importance of home and business markets for its PC‐based products, before focusing on its latest product development in the videoconferencing market.</jats:p>
|
Intel’s technology for videoconferencing
|
[
"Wendt F. ",
"Harris P. "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610128103
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610150009
|
<jats:p>Reveals that, despite the rapid growth of Malaysia and other South‐East Asian economies, very little is known about innovation in the region. Using Malaysia as an example, the evidence shows that technological and organizational innovation at the local transnational corporation (TNC) plant level has played a major part in Malaysia’s export success. Based on recent field research, assesses the nature, focus and extent of innovation within the TNCs’ subsidiaries. Uses a simple model to situate subsidiary innovation within the context of global TNC strategies, and raises key questions concerning the European Union and, in particular, the UK, which now relies heavily on TNCs’ investments for its industrial future.</jats:p>
|
Innovation in South‐East Asia: lessons for Europe?
|
[
"Hobday Mike "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610150009
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610150685
|
<jats:p>Observes that, as we move through the 1990s, a “competence‐based” view of strategic management is emerging and gathering force. Explains the underlying idea which organizational success is not only due to competitive market offers and activities but more to organizational skills which underpin them. Provides a framework to guide organizational leaders in developing and deploying an important leadership skill ‐ political strategy competence ‐ which would enable them to negotiate the future of their organizations successfully.</jats:p>
|
Organizational leaders as political strategists: a stakeholder management perspective
|
[
"Nwankwo Sonny ",
"Richardson Bill "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610150685
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749610367234
|
<jats:p>States that foreign investors have clamoured into Asia in the 1990s hoping to tap into the spectacular economic growth, but have often done so without awareness of existing or likely future political and social conditions which could affect their investments and business operations. Adds that political risk insurance is available from agencies such as the World Bank’s MIGA or the US government’s OPIC, but projecting needs for such insurance has not been a consistent practice. Reveals that business publications, such as <jats:italic>The Economist</jats:italic>, and firms such as Business Environment Risk Intelligence, Inc. (BERI), provide regular projections of political risk based on a variety of observed political and social variables. Examines choice of these variables in an Asian context and assesses statistically the forecasting capability of <jats:italic>The Economist </jats:italic>and BERI models. Finds that the existence of underlying theory makes a positive difference in the ability of the models to forecast correctly and to provide useful advice to foreign investors. Indicates that both models include variables representing conditions that clearly indicate future trouble for investors. Shows that, with some revisions, existing models of political risk can be useful in guiding investment and trade.</jats:p>
|
Asia at risk: the impact of methodology in forecasting
|
[
"Howell Llewellyn D. ",
"Xie Donald "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749610367234
| 2,002 |
July
|
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10.1108/00251749710160124
|
<jats:p>Reviews the acquisition of Forte plc, the longest established UK hotel company, by Granada plc. The Granada Group, a television and leisure conglomerate, launched a £3.3 billion hostile takeover bid for Forte on 22 November 1995, in one of the UK’s most expensive takeovers this decade. This marked the end of family control of a hotel group created by Lord Forte in the 1930s. Identifies the factors underpinning Granada’s success and in particular managerial style and approach.</jats:p>
|
The Granada takeover of Forte: a managerial perspective
|
[
"Teare Richard ",
"Eccles Gavin ",
"Costa Jorge ",
"Ingram Hadyn ",
"Knowles Tim "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749710160124
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749710160179
|
<jats:p>One of the consequences of trends in business worldwide has been the emergence of the “network form” organization ‐ alliances of independent operating units bound together by a mutuality of interests and shared visions of the future for their industry rather than as subsidiaries of a single hierarchical firm. These operating units are seen as offering the flexibility and responsiveness necessary in today’s turbulent and fast‐changing industrial situations. This article reviews the particular demands of these new organizational structures, including the reconciling of latest thinking on control and co‐ordination needs with the advantages of unit autonomy. It then offers a vision and structure for an information technology‐based integrating framework. The system is styled a virtual neural business system (V‐NBS) to suggest that it would not only manage and and fuel the operations of the network partners by linking their sensory and motor components, but also act as a whole‐system knowledge, experience and “thinking function accessible and available to support all managers in their individual decision making”.</jats:p>
|
The Virtual Neural Business System: a vision for IT support for the network form organization
|
[
"Winch Graham ",
"Gyllstrom Hans ",
"Sauer François ",
"Seror‐Märklin Susanne "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749710160179
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749710160278
|
<jats:p>Likens the world of top‐class sports and team playing with business organizations. Discusses player development, leadership, players’ assumptions, partnerships with customers and employs Tamrock, a multinational corporation based in Finland,as a case in point. </jats:p>
|
Going for the gold
|
[
"Burdett John "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749710160278
| 2,002 |
July
|
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] |
10.1108/00251749710170493
|
<jats:p>Wealth does not exist in infinite volume, it has to be created. The creation of new wealth which is necessary to support growing social expectations is determined by the ability to create new market values in the form of a new knowledge that significantly alters the patterns of expectations. The prevailing mindset, however, currently favours a stable formula for maintaining existing market values. Provides a framework for wealth creation by defining knowledge in a way that encompasses its origins through to the technologies which exploit it in the form of new market values.</jats:p>
|
The crisis of wealth creation
|
[
"Chaharbaghi Kazem ",
"Newman Victor "
] |
https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749710170493
| 2,002 |
July
|
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