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12,237,797 |
Retention strengths of five luting cements on prefabricated dowels after root canal obturation with a zinc oxide/eugenol sealer: 1. Dowel space preparation/cementation at one week after obturation.
|
Hagge Mark S MS, Wong Ralan D M RD, Lindemuth James S JS
|
Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists . Vol. 11, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
PURPOSE: This investigation examined the effect of 5 different cements on the retention strength of prefabricated endodontic dowels placed into root canals previously obturated with gutta percha and a zinc oxide/eugenol (ZOE) sealer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six single-rooted teeth were decoronated, filed, cleaned, sequentially shaped, and divided into 6 groups of 16 specimens each. Five of the groups were then obturated with gutta percha and a ZOE sealer. One group was not obturated and served as the control group. Dowel space preparation and dowel cementation for all groups were completed 1 week later. Ten-mm deep dowel spaces were prepared using size 6 Gates Glidden drills. Size 5 Paraposts were then cemented with 5 different cements: Panavia 21 for group 1 (unobturated controls) and group 2; Ketac-Cem glass ionomer for group 3; Fleck's zinc phosphate for group 4; Parapost (composite) Cement for group 5; and C&B Metabond 4-META for group 6. After 48 hours, the dowels were removed using a universal testing machine in tensile mode at 1 mm min(-1). RESULTS: The following results were found (all values in kg): group 1 (controls; Panavia 21) mean = 61.81, 95% CI = +/-8.65; group 2 (Panavia 21), mean=43.15, 95% CI = +/-7.81; group 3 (Ketac-Cem), mean =34.45, 95% CI = +/-4.93; group 4 (zinc phosphate), mean = 25.07, 95% CI = +/-5.03; group 5 (Parapost Cement), mean = 24.99, 95% CI = +/-5.35. None of the group 6 (C&B Metabond) specimens developed measurable bond strengths, so this group was excluded from parametric statistical analyses. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of group; pairwise multiple comparison procedures (Tukey test) showed that group 1 (controls) had significantly greater retention than all other groups (p <0.001); group 2 (Panavia 21) had significantly greater retention than groups 4 (zinc phosphate) and 5 (Parapost cement) (p <0.001). None of the other pairwise comparisons were statistically different. CONCLUSION: Paraposts cemented with Panavia 21 in unobturated root canals exhibited significantly higher retention than Paraposts luted with Panavia 21 and 4 different cements into dowel spaces prepared 1 week after obturation with gutta percha/ZOE sealer (p <0.001). Among the obturated groups, Panavia 21 cement (group 2) demonstrated significantly greater retention of Paraposts than zinc phosphate (group 4) and Parapost composite (group 5) cements (p <0.001). Ketac-Cem glass ionomer cement (group 3) had intermediate retention values that were not statistically different than those of groups 2, 4, and 5 (p >0.05). The 4-META cement, C&B Metabond, failed to polymerize.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237797/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12237797
|
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12,237,816 |
Treatment of melasma with Pycnogenol.
|
Ni Z Z, Mu Y Y, Gulati O O
|
Phytotherapy research : PTR . Vol. 16, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Melasma (or chloasma) is a common disorder of cutaneous hyperpigmentation predominantly affecting sun-exposed areas in women. The pathogenesis of melasma is not fully understood and treatments are frequently disappointing and often associated with side effects. Pycnogenol is a standardized extract of the bark of the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), a well-known, potent antioxidant. Studies in vitro show that Pycnogenol is several times more powerful than vitamin E and vitamin C. In addition, it recycles vitamin C, regenerates vitamin E and increases the endogenous antioxidant enzyme system. Pycnogenol protects against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Therefore its efficacy in the treatment of melasma was investigated. Thirty women with melasma completed a 30-day clinical trial in which they took one 25 mg tablet of Pycnogenol with meals three times daily, i.e. 75 mg Pycnogenol per day. These patients were evaluated clinically by parameters such as the melasma area index, pigmentary intensity index and by routine blood and urine tests. After a 30-day treatment, the average melasma area of the patients decreased by 25.86 +/- 20.39 mm(2) (p < 0.001) and the average pigmentary intensity decreased by 0.47 +/- 0.51 unit (p < 0.001). The general effective rate was 80%. No side effect was observed. The results of the blood and urine test parameters at baseline and at day 30 were within the normal range. Moreover, several other associated symptoms such as fatigue, constipation, pains in the body and anxiety were also improved. To conclude, Pycnogenol was shown to be therapeutically effective and safe in patients suffering from melasma.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237816/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12237816
|
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] |
12,237,891 |
High-frequency microsatellite instability predicts better chemosensitivity to high-dose 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin chemotherapy for stage IV sporadic colorectal cancer after palliative bowel resection.
|
Liang Jin-Tung JT, Huang Kuo-Chin KC, Lai Hong-Shiee HS, Lee Po-Huang PH, Cheng Yung-Ming YM, Hsu Hey-Chi HC, Cheng Ann-Lii AL, Hsu Chih-Hung CH, Yeh Kun-Huei KH, Wang Shih-Ming SM, Tang Chi C, Chang King-Jen KJ
|
International journal of cancer . Vol. 101, No. 6, 2002 Oct 20
|
The influence of MSI on treatment outcome of colorectal cancers remains unclear and deserves further investigation. We recruited 244 patients with stage IV sporadic colorectal cancers for our study, based on appropriate eligibility criteria. Patients were nonrandomly allocated to 2 treatment groups of either with or without high-dose 5-FU plus leucovorin chemotherapy (HDFL, 5-FU 2,600 mg/m(2) leucovorin 300 mg/m(2) maximum 500 mg). Each treatment group was further divided into 2 subgroups according to high-frequency MSI (MSI-H) status. MSI-H was defined as the appearance of MSI in at least 2 of the 5 examined chromosomal loci (BAT-25, BAT-26, D5S346, D2S123, D17S250). We compared clinicopathologic parameters, p53 overexpression and overall survival between the groups. In addition, 4 subgroups were identified as follows: MSI-H(+)HDFL(+), n = 35; MSI-H(-)HDFL(+), n = 134; MSI-H(+)HDFL(-), n = 17; MSI-H(-)HDFL(-), n = 58. There was no significant difference of background clinicopathologic data between the HDFL(+) and HDFL(-) treatment groups (p > 0.05). Survival analyses indicated that the patients of subgroup MSI-H(+)HDFL(+) survived significantly longer than those of subgroup MSI-H(-)HDFL(+), with median survival times of 24 (95% CI 20.2-27.9) and 13 (95% CI 11.6-14.4) months, respectively (p = 0.0001, log-rank test). In contrast, in patients without chemotherapy, the prognosis was poor irrespective of MSI status, with median survival times of 7.0 (95% CI 4.6-9.4) and 7.0 (95% CI 6.1-7.9) months in the MSI-H(+)HDFL(-) and MSI-H(-)HDFL(-) subgroups, respectively (p = 0.8205, log-rank test). MSI-H cancers responded significantly better to HDFL (p = 0.001), with a mean response rate of 65.71% (95% CI 49.98-81.44%) in subgroup MSI-H(+)HDFL(+) compared to 35.07% (95% CI 26.99-43.15%) in subgroup MSI-H(-)HDFL(+). There appeared to be no preferential metastatic site where response to HDFL can be predicted based on the MSI status of the primary tumor. Toxicity to HDFL was similarly minimal between MSI-H(+) and MSI-H(-) patients (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis of all patients further indicated that MSI-H and chemotherapy were independent favorable prognostic parameters (p < 0.05). Thus, the better prognosis of stage IV sporadic colorectal cancers with MSI-H may be associated with better chemosensitivity, rather than lower aggressiveness in biologic behavior.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237891/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12237891
|
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] |
12,237,912 |
Gemcitabine plus epirubicin in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who are not eligible for platinum-based regimens.
|
Ricci Sergio S, Galli Luca L, Chioni Aldo A, Iannopollo Mauro M, Antonuzzo Andrea A, Francesca Francesco F, Vocaturo Vittorio V, Selli Cesare C, Orlandini Cinzia C, Conte PierFranco P
|
Cancer . Vol. 95, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine plus epirubicin in previously untreated patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who were not eligible for cisplatin-based regimens. METHODS: Patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and at least one of the following characteristics were eligible: impaired renal function (creatinine clearance < 60 mL per minute), an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) >or= 2, and age >or= 75 years. The treatment included epirubicin 70 mg/m(2) as an intravenous bolus on Day 1 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m(2) over 30 minutes on Days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients entered the study, and a total of 152 cycles were administered, with a median of 4 cycles per patient (range, 1-6 cycles per patient). The following Grade 3-4 hematologic toxicities were reported (percent of cycles): neutropenia, 22.4%; anemia, 11.2%; and thrombocytopenia, 6.5%. No cardiac, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed. Dose intensities of epirubicin and gemcitabine were 19.6 mg/m(2) per week (84%) and 532.2 mg/m(2) per week (80%), respectively. There were 2 complete responses (5.3%), 13 partial responses (34.2%), 11 patients with stable disease (28.9%), and 12 patients with progressive disease (31.6%), for an overall response rate of 39.5% (95% confidence interval, 25.1-55.1). The median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 4.8 months and 8.0 months, respectively. The 1-year survival rate was 38%, and the median PFS and OS were 6.4 months and 16.4 months, respectively, in patients with PS 0-1. Thirty patients were symptomatic: Seventeen patients (56.7%) achieved a complete response, and 5 patients (16.7%) achieved a partial symptomatic response. CONCLUSIONS: At the doses given in this study, gemcitabine and epirubicin had a good tolerability profile with interesting activity in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who were not fit for cisplatin-based regimens.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237912/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12237912
|
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] |
12,237,916 |
A Phase I/II trial of concurrent docetaxel and radiation after induction chemotherapy in patients with poor prognosis squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
|
Tishler Roy B RB, Norris Charles M CM, Colevas A Dimitrios AD, Lamb Carolyn C CC, Karp Daniel D, Busse Paul M PM, Nixon Asa A, Frankenthaler Robert R, Lake-Willcutt Bernadette B, Costello Rosemary R, Case Maryann M, Posner Marshall R MR
|
Cancer . Vol. 95, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
BACKGROUND: The authors conducted a Phase I/II study in patients with a poor prognosis who had locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and who were treated initially with induction chemotherapy. Patients were treated with weekly docetaxel and concurrent daily fractionated radiation therapy to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of docetaxel and the efficacy of the regimen. METHODS: Twenty-two patients were enrolled, and 21 patients were treated. Eight patients had Stage III SCCHN, and 13 patients had Stage IV SCCHN without distant metastases and were treated first with 2-3 cycles of induction chemotherapy, which consisted of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil with or without leucovorin. Patients with a poor prognosis were identified as those who achieved a partial response to induction treatment, achieved a complete response with a positive biopsy, or were at high risk for developing recurrent disease. Patients were treated subsequently with concurrent, escalating doses of docetaxel (given weekly x 6) and once daily 200-centigray radiation fractions. RESULTS: Three patients were treated with a weekly docetaxel dose of 20 mg/m(2) without dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Both patients who were treated at the next dose level of 30 mg/m(2) experienced DLT. A dose of 25 mg/m(2) was studied without DLT in the 16 patients who were treated, establishing this as the MTD. Sixty-seven percent of the patients are alive without disease at a median follow-up of 35 months (range, 12-59 months) after the initiation of chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The MTD of weekly docetaxel with concurrent daily radiation therapy in the postinduction setting was 25 mg/m(2). Disease free survival data from this study were good and indicated that this regimen was effective in the treatment of patients with SCCHN who had a poor prognosis.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237916/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase I",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12237916
|
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12,237,920 |
A Phase I-II study of sequential administration of topotecan and oral etoposide (toposiomerase I and II inhibitors) in the treatment of patients with small cell lung carcinoma.
|
Mok Tony S K TS, Wong Herman H, Zee Benny B, Yu Kwok Hung KH, Leung Thomas W T TW, Lee Tak Wai TW, Yim Anthony A, Chan Anthony T C AT, Yeo Winnie W, Chak Karen K, Johnson Philip P
|
Cancer . Vol. 95, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
BACKGROUND: Topotecan (9-dimethylaminomethyl-10-hydroxycampthothecin) is a new topoisomerase I inhibitor with promising efficacy in the treatment of patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Combination with a topoisomerase II inhibitor may potentate the therapeutic effect of topotecan, although there has been conflicting preclinical information on the combination. The objectives of this study were to establish the maximum tolerated dose and to determine the efficacy of the sequential combination of intravenous topotecan and oral etoposide in the treatment of patients with SCLC. METHODS: Patients with histologically confirmed, limited or extensive stage SCLC were eligible. The dose escalation scheme of three cohorts (six patients per cohort) started at intravenous topotecan 0.5 mg/m(2) per day for 5 days and oral etoposide 50 mg twice daily for 7 days (21-day cycles). Subsequent dose levels involved escalation of topotecan to 0.75 mg/m(2) per day and 1.0 mg/m(2) per day for 5 days. A Phase II study was conducted at one dose level below the maximum tolerated dose. The authors alternated the drug sequence with each consecutive cycle and compared the hematologic toxicity between the two sequences. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients (21 patients with limited disease and 15 patients with extensive disease) received a total of 173 courses of sequential combination chemotherapy (topotecan --> etoposide, 88 courses; etoposide --> topotecan, 85 courses). The authors identified dose levels for the Phase II study as follows: topotecan, 0.75 mg/m(2) per day for 5 days; and etoposide, 50 mg twice daily for 7 days. The dose-limiting toxicity was neutropenia. At this dose level, the incidence of Grade 3-4 neutropenia and the incidence of Grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia were 25% and 10.9%, respectively. Two patients died from neutropenic sepsis. There was no significant difference in hematologic toxicities between the two sequences. Complete and partial response rates were 5.6% and 55.6%, respectively (limited disease, 9.5% and 66.75%; extensive disease, 0% and 40%, respectively). The median progression free survival was 31.9 weeks (limited disease, 36.1 weeks; extensive disease, 28.9 weeks; 95% confidence interval, 25.6-36.0 weeks), and the median overall survival was 52.4 weeks (limited disease, 54.9 weeks; extensive disease, 30.1 weeks; 95% confidence interval, 39.6-57.7 weeks). CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with topoisomerase I and II inhibitors is a safe and effective regimen for patients with SCLC. Future research on this combination should focus on an oral regimen for patients with extensive disease and poor tolerance to cisplatin. The authors recommend an oral dosage of topotecan at 1.2 mg/m(2) per day (equivalent to intravenous topotecan at 0.75 mg/m(2) per day) for 5 days followed by etoposide 50 mg twice daily for 7 days.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237920/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase I",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12237920
|
[
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] |
12,237,921 |
Phase II trial of irinotecan, paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with previously untreated Stage IIIB/IV nonsmall cell lung carcinoma.
|
Socinski Mark A MA, Sandler Alan B AB, Israel Valerie K VK, Gillenwater Heidi H HH, Miller Langdon L LL, Locker Paula K PK, Antonellini Alessandro A, Elfring Gary L GL, Natale Ronald B RB
|
Cancer . Vol. 95, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
BACKGROUND: This Phase II multicenter, open-label, single-arm study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a three-drug combination of irinotecan (CPT-11), paclitaxel, and carboplatin in advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). METHODS: Patients received repeated 21-day cycles at starting doses of paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) administered over 3 hours, followed by carboplatin AUC of 5 over 30 minutes and CPT-11 at a starting dose level of 100 mg/m(2) over 90 minutes, all given on the first day of each cycle. Patients were evaluated for objective tumor response, time to tumor progression (TTP), survival, and safety. RESULTS: Forty patients were enrolled. Baseline patient characteristics included: median age 58 years (range, 32-79); 23 males and 17 females; performance status of 0 (21 patients), 1 (18 patients), or 2 (1 patient); and Stage IIIB (10 patients) and Stage IV (30 patients) disease. A median of six cycles (range, one to eight) were administered. Grade 3-4 toxicities observed in >/= 10% of the patients included neutropenia (78%), asthenia (20%), diarrhea (20%), nausea (18%), vomiting (13%), anemia (10%), and dyspnea (10%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in eight patients (20%), with one death due to neutropenic sepsis. Twelve of 38 evaluable patients had confirmed tumor responses (32%), while 21 (55%) had stable disease (including 12 patients [32%] with minor responses). Only 13% had disease progression at their initial tumor assessment. The median TTP and survival were 5.3 months (range, 0.03-6.2 months) and 12.5 months (range 0.3-28.6+ months), respectively. The one and two year survival probabilities were 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.73) and 0.21 (95% CI, 0.0-0.67), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of CPT-11, paclitaxel, and carboplatin can be safely administered and is active in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Based on the favorable survival outcome, this regimen is undergoing evaluation in prospective randomized trials.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237921/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12237921
|
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12,237,924 |
Small-volume image-guided radiotherapy using hypofractionated, coplanar, and noncoplanar multiple fields for patients with inoperable Stage I nonsmall cell lung carcinomas.
|
Fukumoto Shin-Ichi S, Shirato Hiroki H, Shimzu Shinichi S, Ogura Shigeaki S, Onimaru Rikiya R, Kitamura Kei K, Yamazaki Koichi K, Miyasaka Kazuo K, Nishimura Masaharu M, Dosaka-Akita Hirotoshi H
|
Cancer . Vol. 95, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
BACKGROUND: Occasionally, medically compromised and/or elderly patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) cannot be treated surgically. We investigated small-volume hypofractionated image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) without the need for breath control in patients with inoperable Stage I NSCLCs. METHODS: Between September 1996 and September 1999, 22 patients with Stage I NSCLCs, including 19 males and 3 females, were treated with IGRT. Among these patients, there were 13 Stage IA and 9 Stage IB tumors. The tumors ranged in size from 14.2 to 58.5 mm, with a median size of 26.7 mm. Of the 22 patients, 19 were unfit for surgical treatment due to poor pulmonary function, complications, and/or advanced age and 3 refused surgery. Computed tomographic scans (CT) of the primary tumor were taken during three respiratory phases and they were analyzed to determine the planning target volume, which included only the primary tumor with allowances for respiratory movement. The radiation doses administered at the edge of the moving tumor during normal breathing were 80% of the prescribed dose, either 48 or 60 Gy given in eight fractions over 2 weeks. Clinical evaluation, chest CT scan, and pulmonary function tests were performed before irradiation and at regular intervals for the post-IGRT follow-up. The median follow-up period was 24 months (range, 2-44 months; mean, 21.8 months) (at least 24 months for survivors). RESULTS: Of 17 tumors assessed at the initial follow-up 2-6 months after treatment (5 complete responses, 11 partial responses, and 1 progressive disease), 16 (94%) were controlled locally. One local recurrence was observed during the follow-up. The lung carcinoma-specific survival rate at 1 year was 94% and the 1-year actuarial recurrence-free survival rate was 71%. The lung carcinoma-specific survival rate at 2 years was 73% and the 2-year actuarial recurrence-free survival rate was 67%. The treatment was well tolerated and no major side effects were observed. Localized radiation pneumonitis was observed in all patients who were examined by CT scan, but the patients were asymptomatic. Parameters of pulmonary function, including vital capacity, total lung capacity, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, decreased very little or not at all, indicating that IGRT rarely deteriorated pulmonary functions. CONCLUSIONS: Small-volume hypofractionated IGRT without breath control is a feasible and beneficial method for the curative treatment of patients with Stage I NSCLCs. It has the potential of a high local tumor control rate and low morbidity.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237924/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12237924
|
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] |
12,237,976 |
Training-induced alterations of the fatty acid profile of rabbit muscles.
|
Szabó A A, Romvári R R, Fébel Hedvig H, Bogner P P, Szendró Zs Z
|
Acta veterinaria Hungarica . Vol. 50, No. 3, 2002
|
The present study was designed to investigate whether meat-type rabbits are able to perform treadmill running as a daily routine exercise, and if so, whether the exercise induces specific proportional changes in the fatty acid composition of their muscles. After a four-week training period 8-week-old rabbits were slaughtered and the total activity of plasma lactate dehydrogenase was measured, showing a significant difference between the exercised and control groups (429 +/- 126 IU/l vs. 639 +/- 203 IU/l). Furthermore the fatty acid composition of m. longissimus dorsi (MLD) and m. vastus lateralis (MVL) was determined by means of gas chromatography. Exercise increased the proportions of oleic acid (C18:1 n-9) in both MLD and MVL as compared to the control group. However, the level of stearic (C18:0) and arachidonic (C20:4 n-6) acids significantly decreased in the MVL after the exercise. Changes in the fatty acid profile resulting from the physically loaded condition were of the same tendency in both muscles, adding that the MVL might have been exposed to the exercise more intensively; alterations there occurred in a more pronounced manner. Based on the inference that the composition of membrane structure was also affected, these alterations may have important consequences on meat quality.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237976/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12237976
|
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] |
12,237,988 |
Outcomes of therapeutic massage for hospitalized cancer patients.
|
Smith Marlaine C MC, Kemp Janet J, Hemphill Linnea L, Vojir Carol P CP
|
Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing . Vol. 34, No. 3, 2002
|
PURPOSE: To examine the effects of therapeutic massage on perception of pain, subjective sleep quality, symptom distress, and anxiety in patients hospitalized for treatment of cancer. ORGANIZING CONSTRUCT: Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings and Watson's theory of human caring. METHODS: Quasiexperimental. The sample consisted of 41 patients admitted to the oncology unit at a large urban medical center in the United States for chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Twenty participants received therapeutic massage and 21 received the control therapy, nurse interaction. The outcome variables were measured on admission and at the end of 1 week via the following instruments: a Numerical Rating Scale for pain intensity and Likert-type scale for distress from pain; The Verran Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale, McCorkle and Young's Symptom Distress Scale, and the Speilberger State Anxiety Inventory. ANOVA and t tests were used to analyze between and within group differences in mean scores and main effects on outcome variables. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: Mean scores for pain, sleep quality, symptom distress, and anxiety improved from baseline for the subjects who received therapeutic massage; only anxiety improved from baseline for participants in the comparison group. Statistically significant interactions were found for pain, symptom distress, and sleep. Sleep improved only slightly for the participants receiving massage, but it deteriorated significantly for those in the control group. The findings support the potential for massage as a nursing therapeutic for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12237988/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12237988
|
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] |
12,238,372 |
Safety of Brucella abortus strain RB51 vaccine in non-target ungulates and coyotes.
|
Kreeger Terry J TJ, DeLiberto Thomas J TJ, Olsen Steven C SC, Edwards William H WH, Cook Walter E WE
|
Journal of wildlife diseases . Vol. 38, No. 3, 2002 Jul
|
Brucellosis is endemic in free-ranging elk (Cervus elaphus) and bison (Bison bison) in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA; USA). It is possible that an oral brucellosis vaccine could be developed and disseminated in the GYA to reduce disease transmission. Should this occur, non-target species other than elk and bison may come in contact with the vaccine resulting in morbidity or mortality. To assess biosafety, bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis; n = 10), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana; n = 9), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus; n = 11), moose (Alces alces shirasi; n = 10), and coyotes (Canis latrans; n = 24) were given a single oral dose of at least 1.0 x 10(10) colony-forming units of Brucella abortus strain RB51 vaccine (RB51). Animals were randomly divided into vaccinated and control groups. Ungulates were captured, blood sampled, and swabs taken from the nares, rectum, and vagina for bacterial culture on day 0, 42, and 84 post-inoculation (PI). On day 42, the vaccinated group became a control group and vice versa in a crossover design. Blood and swab samples were taken from coyotes on days 0, 14, 28, and 42 PI. There was no crossover for the coyote study. Two coyotes from each group were also euthanized and cultured for RB51 on days 42, 84, 168, and 336 PI. Blood samples were analyzed for hematologic changes and antibodies to RB51 using a modified dot-blot assay. No morbidity or mortality as a result of vaccination was observed in any animal. There were no differences in hematologic parameters at any time for ungulate species; vaccinated coyotes had higher hematocrit, hemoglobin, and eosinophil counts (P < or = 0.006). All individuals, except some moose, seroconverted to RB51. Strain RB51 was cultured from oropharyngeal lymph nodes from one coyote 42 days PI and from a moose 117 days PI. This study suggested that a single oral dose of RB51 was safe in these species.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238372/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] |
12238372
|
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] |
12,238,408 |
A cognitive approach to child abuse prevention.
|
Bugental Daphne Blunt DB, Ellerson Patricia Crane PC, Lin Eta K EK, Rainey Bonnie B, Kokotovic Anna A, O'Hara Nathan N
|
Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) . Vol. 16, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
This investigation tested the incremental utility of cognitive retraining as a component within a program designed to prevent child maltreatment. High-risk families (N = 96) were randomly assigned to a control condition, home visitation modeled after the Healthy Start program (unenhanced home visitation), or home visitation that included a cognitive component (enhanced home visitation). Mothers were identified late during pregnancy or soon after birth, and their participation continued for 1 year. Lower levels of harsh parenting were found among mothers in the enhanced home visitation condition than among those in the unenhanced home visitation or control conditions. Prevalence of physical abuse (percentage of mothers who were abusive) during the first year was 26% in the control condition, 23% in the unenhanced home visitation condition, and 4% in the enhanced home visitation condition. Benefits were greatest in families that included a medically at-risk child. A linear pattern of benefits was found for child health; as program features were added, benefits for child health increased.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238408/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12238408
|
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] |
12,238,421 |
Restenosis rates with flexible GFX stents (REFLEX): clinical and angiographic results.
|
Unverdorben Martin M, Reifart Nikolaus N, Degenhardt Ralf R, Bach Roland R, Hennen Benno B, Dahm Johannes J, Mathey Detlef D, Pfeiffer Dietrich D, Berthold Heiner K HK, Vallbracht Christian C
|
Journal of interventional cardiology . Vol. 15, No. 4, 2002 Aug
|
The objective of this prospective, multicenter, observational trial was to evaluate the procedural results and longterm outcomes of the flexible AVE GFX coronary stent in native coronary lesions. The trial included 137 consecutive patients (111 [81%] men, age 63.1 +/- 9.2 years) with one vessel disease (n = 76 [55.5%]), two vessel disease (n = 31 [22.6%]), and three vessel disease (n = 30 [21.9%]) with ischemia secondary to a significant denovo lesion (diameter > or = 3 mm, length < or = 18 mm) in a native coronary artery. Stent deployment was successful in 97.8% (134/137) of patients. Angiographic follow-up at 6.1 +/- 1.2 months was available in 111 (82.8%) of 134 patients. All angiographic images were analyzed by an independent core lab. The primary end point was the binary restenosis rate. In-hospital major cardiac events occurred in 3.7%. No postdischarge major adverse cardiac events occurred, except for one abrupt closure (0.7%). Angiographic restenosis was documented in 22 (19.8%) of 111 patients. The GFX stent is easy to handle with high success and low restenosis rates in patients with simple lesions in native coronary arteries and, thus, compares favorably with other sophisticated stents.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238421/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Evaluation Study",
"Journal Article",
"Multicenter Study"
] |
12238421
|
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] |
12,238,418 |
Resource utilization, cost, and health status impacts of coronary stent versus "optimal" percutaneous coronary angioplasty: results from the OPUS-I trial.
|
Neil Nancy N, Ramsey Scott D SD, Cohen David J DJ, Every Nathan R NR, Spertus John A JA, Weaver W Douglas WD,
|
Journal of interventional cardiology . Vol. 15, No. 4, 2002 Aug
|
In the OPUS-I trial, primary coronary stent implantation reduced 6-month composite incidence of death, myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery, or target vessel revascularization relative to a strategy of initial PTCA with provisional stenting in patients undergoing single vessel coronary angioplasty. The purpose of this research was to compare the economic and health status impacts of each treatment strategy. Resource utilization data were collected for the 479 patients randomized in OPUS-I. Itemized cost estimates were derived from primary hospital charge data gathered in previous multicenter trials evaluating coronary stents, and adjusted to approximate 1997 Medicare-based costs for a cardiac population. Health status at 6 months was assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). Initial procedure related costs for patients treated with a primary stent strategy were higher than those treated with optimal PTCA/provisional stent ($5,389 vs $4,339, P < 0.001). Costs of initial hospitalization were also higher for patients in the primary stent group ($9,234 vs $8,434, P < 0.01) chiefly because of the cost differences in the index revascularization. Mean 6-month costs were similar in the two groups; however, there was a slight cost advantage associated with primary stenting. Bootstrap replication of 6-month cost data sustained the economic attractiveness of the primary stent strategy. There were no differences in SAQ scores between treatment groups. In patients undergoing single vessel coronary angioplasty, routine stent implantation improves important clinical outcomes at comparable, or even reduced cost, compared to a strategy of initial balloon angioplasty with provisional stenting.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238418/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Multicenter Study",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] |
12238418
|
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] |
12,238,431 |
Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting: clinical outcomes in multivessel coronary artery disease.
|
Ledford C Samuel CS, Grines Cindy L CL
|
Journal of interventional cardiology . Vol. 15, No. 4, 2002 Aug
|
Revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is superior to medical management in reducing symptoms and prolonging exercise duration in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Ten randomized trials have compared the outcomes in percutaneous and surgically treated patients with multivessel CAD. The purpose of this article was to summarize the results of those trials to make recommendations regarding appropriate revascularization strategy.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238431/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Review"
] |
12238431
|
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] |
12,238,579 |
A 2-dose regimen of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine with the immune stimulant AS04 compared with the standard 3-dose regimen of Engerix-B in healthy young adults.
|
Levie K K, Gjorup I I, Skinhøj P P, Stoffel M M
|
Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases . Vol. 34, No. 8, 2002
|
An open-label randomized study was undertaken to compare a 2-dose regimen (Months 0 and 6) of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) vaccine formulated with a novel adjuvant (HBsAg/AS04) with a standard 3-dose regimen (Months 0, 1 and 6) of licensed recombinant HBsAg vaccine in terms of immunogenicity and reactogenicity when administered to healthy subjects aged between 15 and 40 y. At 1 and 6 months after the full vaccination course there was a 100% seroprotection rate (anti-HBs > or = 10 mIU/ml) with the HBsAg/AS04 vaccine, compared with a 99% response rate with the licensed vaccine. The corresponding geometric mean titres were significantly higher for the novel vaccine compared to the standard vaccine: 15,468 and 2,745 mIU/ml at Months 7 and 12 vs. 6,274 and 1,883 mIU/ml, respectively. There was a higher prevalence of local symptoms with the adjuvant vaccine (90% of doses) than with the standard vaccine (48% of doses). However, these symptoms (pain, swelling and redness) were predominantly of mild-to-moderate intensity and resolved rapidly without treatment. A 2-dose regimen of the new HBsAg/AS04 adjuvant vaccine therefore compared favourably to the standard regimen in healthy young adults. It is anticipated that the simplified vaccination schedule may improve compliance and reduce costs.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238579/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Multicenter Study",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12238579
|
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] |
12,238,616 |
Localization of ictal and interictal bursting epileptogenic activity in focal cortical dysplasia: agreement of magnetoencephalography and electrocorticography.
|
Ishibashi Hideaki H, Simos Panagiotis G PG, Wheless James W JW, Baumgartner James E JE, Kim Howard L HL, Castillo Eduardo M EM, Davis Robert N RN, Papanicolaou Andrew C AC
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is often associated with severe partial epilepsy. In such cases, interictal frequent rhythmic bursting epileptiform activity (FBREA) on both scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocorticography (ECoG) is generally accepted to be identical to the ictal epileptiform activity. We used magnetoencephalography (or Magnetic Source Imaging (MSI)) to determine the epileptogenic zone in a 6-year-old patient with histopathologically proven FCD and normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MSI was used to localize the sources of both ictal activity and FRBEA, which was then compared with ECoG findings. The intracranial sources of both types of activity co-localized in the left inferior frontal and superior temporal gyri. The location and extent of the epileptogenic area determined by MSI was essentially identical to that determined directly through extra-operative ECoG. In the absence of structural abnormalities detectable on MRI, the noninvasive method of MSI provided valuable information regarding the location and extent of the primary epileptogenic area. This was critical for pre-surgical planning regarding placement of intracranial electrodes and for risk-benefit evaluation.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238616/
|
[
"Case Reports",
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12238616
|
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0.05422583594918251
] |
12,238,617 |
Feasibility and limitations of magnetoencephalographic detection of epileptic discharges: simultaneous recording of magnetic fields and electrocorticography.
|
Shigeto Hiroshi H, Morioka Takato T, Hisada Kei K, Nishio Shunji S, Ishibashi Hideaki H, Kira Dun-ichi D, Tobimatsu Shozo S, Kato Motohiro M
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is considered clinically useful in localizing the epileptogenic focus in partial epilepsy. However, the relationship between the extent of the brain involved in paroxysmal activities and the magnetic field changes at the scalp has not been fully clarified. Furthermore, whether paroxysmal activities generated in deep brain structures such as the hippocampus can be detected magnetically is uncertain. Eight patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and two with extratemporal lobe epilepsy underwent chronic recording from subdural electrodes. Magnetic and electrocorticographic discharges representing epileptic activity were recorded simultaneously. MEG recorded magnetic field changes originating from paroxysmal activity in the superiolateral cerebral cortex when the amplitudes of the electrical paroxysmal activities exceeded 100 microV and extended over more than 3 cm2 of cortical surface. MEG failed to record paroxysmal activity localized to the medial temporal lobe. MEG is often useful in identifying a spike focus in the superiolateral aspects of the cerebral hemisphere, but not discharges arising from the medial temporal lobe. Rapid decay of the magnetic field is likely to be the reason for this limited sensitivity to medial discharges.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238617/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238617
|
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12,238,620 |
Brain tissue oxygenation monitoring supplementary to somatosensory evoked potential monitoring for aneurysm surgery. Initial clinical experience.
|
Szelényi Andrea A, Jung Carla S CS, Schön Holger H, Seifert Volker V
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
The object of the study was to evaluate brain tissue oxygenation (p(ti)O2) for intra-operative monitoring of critical ischemic events during early cerebral aneurysm surgery of the anterior circulation supplementary to somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). P(ti)O2 was continuously evaluated during surgery for an intracranial aneurysm in 28 patients. Standard cortical SEP monitoring was simultaneously performed. The two monitoring methods were compared by evaluating their respective responses to intra-operative events (particularly temporary vessel occlusion), clinical and neuroradiological outcome. P(ti)O2 and SEPs were reliably used for monitoring in 16 patients. Seven patients were excluded due to too high or too low p(ti)O2 readings or initial absence of SEPs (six patients). Of 64 intra-operative events 19 events (eight patients) were associated with a significant decrease in p(ti)O2 (below 10 mmHg), 22 events (13 patients) were associated with a significant change in SEP amplitude (< 50% decrease related to baseline). Temporary vessel occlusion (six SEP andp(ti)O2 changes each in eightpatients) and surgical dissection were most likely to be followed by significant changes in a monitoring method. Intra-operative p(ti)O2 was found to be a safe, rapid method for documenting ischemic events. P(ti)O2 was found to supplement SEP monitoring. The use of p(ti)O2 measurement as a routine monitoring method in aneurysm surgery is limited by its focal spatial resolution. Nevertheless, it might be helpful as an adjunct in situations when SEPs are absent at baseline, in aneurysms when parent vessel anatomy is complex or if temporary vessel occlusion is planned.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238620/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238620
|
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] |
12,238,621 |
Temporal lobe epilepsy and corpora amylacea in the hippocampus: clinicopathologic correlation.
|
Kawamura Tadao T, Morioka Takato T, Nishio Shunji S, Fukui Kimiko K, Fukui Masashi M
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Corpora amylacea (CoA) have been found in about 60% of neurosurgical specimens showing hippocampal sclerosis (HS). To determine clinical and neuroimaging differences between HS with and without CoA, we studied 29 patients (21 male, 8 female; age at surgery, 12 to 49 years) who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable medial temporal lobe epilepsy. No CoA were noted in the hippocampus of 11 cases, and deposition of CoA was mild and limited to the subependymal and vestigial hippocampal sulcus regions in nine cases; in nine cases, moderate to marked deposition was noted in the pyramidal cell layer, accompanying severe neuronal loss. No significant differences were evident between these three groups for age at onset, frequency and duration of epileptic seizures, the average age at surgery, or surgical results. Hippocampal hyperintensity in fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance images tended to increase with increasing hippocampal deposition of CoA. Formation of CoA appears to be a response to neuronal loss in the pyramidal cell layer, being related to the epileptogenic process as a consequence rather than a cause.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238621/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238621
|
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] |
12,238,622 |
Post-partum cerebral angiopathy: repetitive TCD, MRI, MRA, and EEG examinations.
|
Zunker Peter P, Golombeck Kirstin K, Brossmann Joachim J, Georgiadis Dimitrios D, Deuschl Günther G
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
We report of a woman with post-partum cerebral angiopathy (PCA), in whom we repetitively performed transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), MR imaging (MRI), and MR angiography (MRA) to evaluate the underlying pathophysiology. A 31-year-old woman, Gemini pregnant, complained of severe throbbing frontal headache four days after an uneventful delivery by Cesarean section. Blurred vision occurred eight days after delivery, followed by three generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Neurological examination revealed a somnolent woman without focal neurological deficits. At the day of the seizures increased flow velocities and disturbed flow were observed in the right posterior and anterior cerebral artery on transcranial Doppler (TCD). MRI showed infra- and supratentorial patchy hyperintensities in T2-weighted images and in the FLAIR sequence. Diffusion-weighted imaging revealed corresponding multi-focal hyperintense areas indicating increased diffusion and MRA showed a diffuse multisegmental narrowing of all pial arteries. MRI at day 10 was completely normal, but MRA still revealed vascular narrowing in the right posterior cerebral artery. General slight flow accelerations in all basal arteries occurred after 10 days and lasted for three weeks. PCA is apparently associated with a vascular narrowing causing cerebral ischemia with increased diffusion. Later reactive cerebral hyperperfusion is observed. Vascular narrowing and cerebral hyperperfusion still persist after MRI has normalized.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238622/
|
[
"Case Reports",
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238622
|
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] |
12,238,625 |
The relation between cerebral blood flow velocities as measured by TCD and the incidence of delayed ischemic deficits. A prospective study after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
|
Jarus-Dziedzic Katarzyna K, Juniewicz Henryk H, Wroñski Jerzy J, Zub Wojciech Leslaw WL, Kasper Ekkehard E, Gowacki Mariusz M, Mierzwa Janusz J
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Patients (n = 127) with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were examined by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) in a prospective study to follow the time course of the posthemorrhagic blood flow velocity in both the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and in the anterior cerebral artery (ACA). Results were analysed to reveal their relationship and predictive use with respect to the occurrence of delayed ischemic deficits. Mean flow velocities (MFV) higher than 120 cm sec(-1) in MCA and 90 cm sec(-1) in ACA were interpreted as indicative for significant vasospasm. In 20 of our 127 patients (16%) a delayed ischemic deficit (DID) was subsequently diagnosed clinically (DID+ group). Patients in the DID+ group can be characterized as those individuals who presented early during the observation period post-SAH with highest values of MFV, a faster increase and longer persistence of pathologically elevated MFV-values (exceeding 120 cm sec(-1) in MCA and 90 cm sec(-1) in ACA). They also show a greater difference in MFV-values if one compares the operated to the nonoperated side. Differences in MFV-values obtained in MCA or ACA were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for DID+ and DID- patients. The daily maximal increase of MFV was found between days 9 and 11 after SAH. In the DID+ group, the maximal MFV was 181 +/- 26 cm sec(-1) in MCA and 119 +/- 14 cm sec(-1) in ACA. In contrast to this, patients in the DID- group were found to present with MFV of 138 +/- 11 cm sec(-1) in MCA and 100 +/- 7 cm sec(-1) in ACA respectively. Delayed ischemic deficits appeared three times more often in DID+ patients than in patients with MFV < 120 cm sec(-1), if they showed a MFV > 120 cm sec(-1) in MCA. If pathological values were obtained in ACA, this ratio increases to about four times, if DID + patients presented with MFV > 90 cm sec(-1) versus patients with MFV < 90 cm sec(-1). Daily monitoring of vasospasm using TCD examination is thus helpful to identify patients at high risk for delayed ischemic deficits. This should allow us to implement further preventive treatment regimens.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238625/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238625
|
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] |
12,238,627 |
Velocity of microemboli and transit time from the heart to the brain in patients with patent foramen ovale and artificial heart valves.
|
Telman Gregory G, Kouperberg Efim E, Sprecher Elliot E, Reisner Shimon S, Goldsher Dorit D, Yarnitsky David D
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
There is no information about the physical behavior of microemboli en route from their source to the cerebral vessels. Microemboli could abide to a certain laminae, and have a consistent velocity, or wander between different laminae, and keep changing their velocity. Two hundred and seventy four microemboli were recorded by transcranial Doppler (TCD) in six patients with artificial valves, and 119 microemboli were recorded in response to i.v. injection of saline agitated with air in eight patent foramen ovale (PFO) patients. Transit time of microemboli, calculated based on their arrival time at the cerebral vessel (site of monitoring) was explored as a possible function of their measured velocity at the detection point. In the PFO group, the relation between embolus velocity and transit time was: embolus velocityPFO = -41.8 * transit time + 100.6, whereas for the artificial heart valve group it was: embolus velocityValve = -22.6 * transit time + 67.1. Transit time, in both clinical groups, was inversely related to velocity (p < 0.001), thus, early appearing emboli had higher velocity and vice versa. The inverse relation between transit time and measured terminal velocity implies a consistent velocity per microemboli en route, in both groups. Thus, a flow abided to a certain laminae seems to characterize microemboli.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238627/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238627
|
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] |
12,238,628 |
5-Hydroxyindolacetic acid and homovanillic acid are not involved in the cerebrospinal fluid after a seizure in patients with Delirium Tremens.
|
Couvreur Grégory G, Demougeot Céline C, Maugras Céline C, Marie Christine C, Beley Pierre P, Giroud Maurice M
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Little is known about 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Delirium Tremens revealed at onset by seizures. The aim of the study is to understand the biochemical abnormalities induced by seizures in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients involved by Delirium Tremens. Nine patients 42-62 years of age, who had experienced a Delirium Tremens after alcohol withdrawal, with one or two seizures at onset, were included in this study. The lumbar puncture (and a CT scan) were performed after the last seizure. Nine patients with neither Delirium Tremens nor seizure, needing a lumbar puncture for their medical problem, were matched by sex and by age. For the measures of 5-HIAA and HVA, we systematically took the first cm3. The mean value of 5-HIAA levels were 12.70 ng ml(-1) in the group of nine patients with Delirium Tremens versus 13.45 ng ml(-1) in the control group. The mean value of HVA levels were 19.81 ng ml(-1) in the group of nine patients with Delirium Tremens versus 25.25 ng ml(-1) in the control group. The differences were not statistically significant. During a Delirium Tremens with seizure at onset, there are no statistically significant changes in 5-HIAA and HVA levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Our work raises the question of the role of Delirium Tremens in the normalization of the levels of neuro-mediators that usually decrease soon after seizures.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238628/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238628
|
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] |
12,238,634 |
Report of the Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperlipidemia in Japanese adults.
|
Hata Yoshiya Y, Mabuchi Hiroshi H, Saito Yasushi Y, Itakura Hiroshige H, Egusa Genshi G, Ito Hideki H, Teramoto Tamio T, Tsushima Motoo M, Tada Norio N, Oikawa Shinichi S, Yamada Nobuhiro N, Yamashita Shizuya S, Sakuma Nagahiko N, Sasaki Jun J,
|
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis . Vol. 9, No. 1, 2002
|
This paper described the Guideline for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperlipidemias for Prevention of Atherosclerosis proposed by The Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guideline Investigating Committee (1,995-2,000) under the auspices of the JAS Board of Directors. 1) The guideline defines the diagnostic criteria for serum total cholesterol (Table 1), LDL-cholesterol (Table 1), triglycerides (Table 4) and HDL-cholesterol (Table 7). It also indicates the desirable range (Table 1), the initiation levels of management (Table 2) and the target levels of treatment (Table 2) for total and LDL-cholesterol. 2) Though both total and LDL-cholesterol are shown as atherogenic parameter in the guideline, the use of LDL-cholesterol, rather than total cholesterol, is encouraged in daily medical practice and lipid-related studies, because LDL-cholesterol is more closely related to atherosclerosis. 3) Elevated triglycerides and low HDL-cholesterol are included in the risk factors, since no sufficient data have been accumulated to formulate the guideline for these two lipid disorders. 4) Emphasis is laid on evaluation of risk factors of each subject before starting any kind of treatment (Table 2). 5) This guideline is applied solely for adults (age 20-64). Lipid abnormalities in children or the youth under age 19, and the elderly with an age over 65 have to be evaluated by their own standard. 6) This part of the guideline gives only the diagnostic aspects of hyperlipidemias. The part of management and treatment will follow in the second section of the guideline that will be published in future.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238634/
|
[
"Guideline",
"Journal Article",
"Practice Guideline"
] |
12238634
|
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] |
12,238,633 |
Plasma concentrations of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in a case with hypertensive encephalopathy.
|
Nakagawa Kazuhiko K, Yamaguchi Takekane T, Seida Mitsuru M, Tanaka Youji Y, Yoshino Maki M
|
Neurological research . Vol. 24, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Hemodynamic mechanism for brain edema forrmation in patients with hypertensive encephalopathy is unclear. Potential roles of natriuretic peptides in the pathogenesis of hypertensive encephalopathy are discussed. A 32-year-old man presented with slight left hemiparesis. He was slightly confused, and his blood pressure was extremely high. Cranial plain computerized tomography scans revealed diffuse brain edema mainly in the supratentorial white matter region. Blood examination revealed that plasma concentrations of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides were significantly high. His left hemiparesis disappeared within a day, but he tended to be agitated. His altered mental status, however, resolved with control of blood pressure. Serial magnetic resonance imagings demonstrated that the magnitude of brain edema was attenuated in proportion to decline in plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides. This case suggests that significant elevation of plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides may contribute to an acute rise in blood pressure, and that these peptides potentially play an important role in development of brain edema in hypertensive encephalopathy.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238633/
|
[
"Case Reports",
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238633
|
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] |
12,238,638 |
Clinical effects of rosuvastatin, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, in Japanese patients with primary hypercholesterolemia: an early phase II study.
|
Yamamoto Akira A, Arakawa Kikuo K, Sasaki Jun J, Matsuzawa Yuji Y, Takemura Kaoru K, Tsushima Motoo M, Fujinami Takao T, Mabuchi Hiroshi H, Itakura Hiroshige H, Yamada Nobuhiro N, Toyota Takayoshi T, Oikawa Shinichi S,
|
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis . Vol. 9, No. 1, 2002
|
The effects and tolerability of the new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor rosuvastatin were assessed in 68 hypercholesterolemic Japanese patients (22 men and 46 postmenopausal women; age range 28-72 years) in a multicenter, double-blind, dose-ranging, early phase II study. Patients were randomized into three groups and received once-daily doses of 1, 2, or 4 mg rosuvastatin. Sixty evaluable patients (19 men and 41 women) with mean total cholesterol (TC) 294 mg/dl (7.60 mmol/l) and mean triglyceride (TG) 150 mg/dl (1.69 mmol/l) provided data in the efficacy analysis based on percentage changes in lipids at 4 and 8 weeks. All doses of rosuvastatin improved lipid parameters after both 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. On average, TC decreases were 22-29%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreases 32-42%, TG decreases 2% to 22%, and HDL-C increases 3-7%. There were no remarkable differences between efficacy at 4 and at 8 weeks, and dose-dependent reductions were noted for LDL-C, with 30, 39, and 42% decreases in the 1-, 2-, and 4-mg/ day dose groups, respectively, at 8 weeks. The drug was well tolerated over the 8 weeks of therapy. These preliminary results indicate that rosuvastatin is a potent cholesterol-lowering agent, capable of achieving marked reductions in LDL-C even at low doses.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238638/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238638
|
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] |
12,238,641 |
Atorvastatin reduces plasma levels of factor VII activity and factor VII antigen in patients with hyperlipidemia.
|
Morishita Eriko E, Minami Shinji S, Ishino Chizuko C, Kanno Masanori M, Uotani Chika C, Asakura Hidesaku H, Matsuda Tamotsu T, Nakao Shinji S
|
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis . Vol. 9, No. 1, 2002
|
Atorvastatin is a powerful new synthetic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor currently in clinical use. Its effects on plasma levels of factor VII were examined in 30 hyperlipidemic patients. After 12 weeks of atorvastatin treatment, factor VII activity (FVIIc) and factor VII antigen (FVIIag) levels had decreased by 13% (p < 0.0001) and 12% (p < 0.0001), respectively. The decreased concentrations of serum triglycerides correlated with decreases in FVIIc levels (r = 0.54, p = 0.0023) and FVIIag levels (r = 0.59, p = 0.0006) at 12 weeks of treatment with atorvastatin. No significant changes were seen in activated factor VII (FVIIa) levels. Plasma concentrations of fibrinogen were slightly, but not significantly, increased at 12 weeks. No significant changes were seen in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels. The effects of atorvastatin on FVII may contribute to a decreased thrombotic potential, resulting in fewer thromboembolic events, including a reduction in coronary heart disease.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238641/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238641
|
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] |
12,238,654 |
Seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection in the general French population.
|
Malkin J E JE, Morand P P, Malvy D D, Ly T D TD, Chanzy B B, de Labareyre C C, El Hasnaoui A A, Hercberg S S
|
Sexually transmitted infections . Vol. 78, No. 3, 2002 Jun
|
BACKGROUND: In spite of the large prevalence and growing incidence of herpes simplex infection (HSV-1 and HSV-2), relatively few large serological surveys are available worldwide and it is still difficult compare frequencies of HSV contaminations in various countries. We present the results of HERPIMAX, the first epidemiological inquiry on HSV prevalence in the general French population. METHODS: Of a cohort of 12,735 presumed healthy adult volunteers included in the prospective study SU.VI.MAX, designed to assess the relation between nutritional supplementations and degenerative diseases, HERPIMAX randomly selected 4412 subjects (females 66.5%, males 33.5%). All serum samples were assessed for HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgG antibodies with a HSV type specific, enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA). Equivocal result were retested with another HSV type specific immunoblot assay combined with a type common HSV IgG EIA in order to give a definitive interpretation. RESULTS: The mean seroprevalence was 67% for HSV-1 and 17.2% for HSV-2. For HSV-2 the seroprevalence was higher in females (17.9%) compared with males (13.7%) (p<0.001). For both HSV types, there was no significant difference in prevalence as regards age distribution in males and females, whereas prevalence increased significantly with age in females for HSV-1. Univariate analysis showed a significant association between HSV-1 prevalence and education level in males and females (p<0.001) and between HSV-2 prevalence and marital status in both sexes (p<0.001). There were geographical disparities, with a higher HSV-2 prevalence in the south of France as well as in Paris. CONCLUSION: These results confirm a high prevalence of HSV infection in France. They are also in agreement with previous results of other survey carried out in other developed countries as regards higher prevalence of HSV-2 infection in women, the stability of seroprevalence for both HSV types after 35 years of age in females and 45 years of age in males.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238654/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12238654
|
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] |
12,238,688 |
Clinical comparison of a multistranded wire and a direct-bonded polyethylene ribbon-reinforced resin composite used for lingual retention.
|
Rose Edmund E, Frucht Sibylle S, Jonas Irmtrud E IE
|
Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) . Vol. 33, No. 8, 2002 Sep
|
OBJECTIVE: The reliability of posttreatment canine-to-canine retention with resin composite retainers reinforced with plasma-treated woven polyethylene ribbons was compared to the reliability of directly bonded, multistranded wire retainers. METHOD AND MATERIALS: This prospective study was based on an assessment of 20 consecutive patients (eight women and 12 men with a mean age of 22.4 years) who required a fixed canine-to-canine retainer after undergoing orthodontic treatment. The type of retainer used was randomized for each patient. A follow-up examination was carried out once every 3 months. The length of time the retainers stayed in place without resin fracture or loosening from the teeth at one or more points was evaluated. The study's endpoint was 24 months after the retainer had been bonded. RESULTS: The ribbon-reinforced retainer remained in place for an average of 11.5 months, and the multistranded wire for a mean of 23.6 months. The difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In terms of reliability for permanently fixed orthodontic retention from canine to canine, the direct-bonded multistranded wire is superior to the plasma-treated polyethylene woven ribbon and resin retainer.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238688/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238688
|
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] |
12,238,690 |
Resistance to maxillary premolar fractures after restoration of class II preparations with resin composite or ceromer.
|
de Freitas Cláudia Regina Buainain CR, Miranda Maria Isabel Serra MI, de Andrade Marcelo Ferrarezi MF, Flores Victor Humberto Orbegoso VH, Vaz Luís Geraldo LG, Guimarães Catanzaro C
|
Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) . Vol. 33, No. 8, 2002 Sep
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to fracture of intact and restored human maxillary premolars. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Thirty noncarious human maxillary premolars, divided into three groups of 10, were submitted to mechanical tests to evaluate their resistance to fracture. Group 1 consisted of intact teeth. Teeth in group 2 received mesio-occlusodistal cavity preparations and were restored with direct resin composite restorations. Teeth in group 3 received mesio-occlusodistal cavity preparations and were restored with ceromer inlays placed with the indirect technique. After restoration, teeth were stored at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and then thermocycled for 500 cycles at temperatures of 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that group 3 (178.765 kgf) had a significantly greater maximum rupture load than did group 1 (120.040 kgf). There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 or between groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: Class II cavity preparations restored with indirect ceromer inlays offered greater resistance to fracture than did intact teeth. The fracture resistance of teeth restored with resin composite was not significantly different from that of either the ceromer or intact teeth.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238690/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238690
|
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12,238,704 |
Dissemination of an efficacious antenatal smoking cessation program in public hospitals in Australia: a randomized controlled trial.
|
Lowe John B JB, Balanda P Kevin P PK, Stanton Warren R WR, Del Mar Chris C, O'Connor Vivienne V
|
Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education . Vol. 29, No. 5, 2002 Oct
|
This study investigated the impact of a behaviorally based intervention designed to increase the number of hospitals that routinely provide effective smoking cessation programs for pregnant women. In Queensland, Australia, 70 publicly funded hospitals were matched on numbers of births and maternal socioeconomic status and randomly allocated to an awareness-only intervention group or a behaviorally based intervention group. Success was defined as the routine offer of an evidence-based smoking cessation program to at least 80% of the pregnant clients who smoke. At 1 month, 65% of the behaviorally based intervention hospitals agreed to provide materials about smoking cessation programs for their antenatal patients, compared with 3% of the awareness-only hospitals. After 1 year, 43% of the intervention hospitals still provided the material, compared with 9% of the awareness-only hospitals. These findings show that a brief intervention to hospitals can encourage antenatal staff to provide smoking cessation materials to pregnant women.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238704/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12238704
|
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] |
12,238,823 |
Efficacy and safety of on-pump beating heart surgery for valvular disease.
|
Matsumoto Yasushi Y, Watanabe Go G, Endo Masamitsu M, Sasaki Hisao H, Kasashima Fuminori F, Kosugi Ikuko I
|
The Annals of thoracic surgery . Vol. 74, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and applicability of on-pump beating heart valvular operations using retrograde coronary sinus perfusion. METHODS: A prospective, randomized study was conducted. A total of 50 patients participated in this study after having been allocated to one of two groups. On-pump beating heart valvular operations using retrograde coronary sinus perfusion as myocardial protection were performed in 25 patients (beating heart procedure group: aortic = 8 patients, mitral = 15 patients, double = 2 patients). Twenty-five patients underwent conventional valvular operation using retrograde continuous warm blood cardioplegia (conventional procedure group: aortic = 9 patients; mitral = 13 patients; double = 3 patients). The remaining operative variables and early outcomes of these procedures were compared. In the beating heart procedure group, myocardial tissue oxygen was measured by near infrared spectroscopy, and partial oxygen pressure of coronary sinus perfusion was also measured. RESULTS: The visual field of the on-pump beating heart was equal to that of conventional valvular operation, and technical accuracy was not compromised. In the beating heart procedure group, tissue oxygen saturation was maintained at 79% +/- 2%, and partial oxygen pressure of coronary sinus perfusion blood and returned blood were maintained at 383 +/- 29 mm Hg and 38 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively. Postoperative peak creatine kinase-MB (measured every 3 hours postoperatively) and peak troponin T concentrations were significantly lower than those of conventional procedures (17.5 +/- 7.8 vs 32.1 +/- 9.3 IU/L and 0.12 +/- 0.04 vs 0.21 +/- 0.06 ng/mL, respectively; p < 0.05). There was no operative mortality and no major complications. CONCLUSIONS: On-pump beating heart valvular operation is a good surgical option, and has advantages because conditions for the heart are more physiologic with beating tonus than with cardioplegia.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238823/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Evaluation Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238823
|
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] |
12,238,830 |
Combination of sotalol and magnesium prevents atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting.
|
Forlani Stefano S, De Paulis Ruggero R, de Notaris Stefano S, Nardi Paolo P, Tomai Fabrizio F, Proietti Igino I, Ghini Anna S AS, Chiariello Luigi L
|
The Annals of thoracic surgery . Vol. 74, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication reported in 20% to 40% of patients after coronary operations. Sotalol alone and magnesium alone have been shown to partially decrease the incidence of AF. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of these two pharmacological agents, used alone or in combination, to reduce postoperative AF. METHODS: Two hundred seven consecutive coronary artery bypass patients (mean age 62 +/- 11 years) were randomized to receive sotalol alone (80 mg twice daily for 5 days starting from the morning of the first postoperative day) (group S), magnesium alone (1.5 g daily for 6 days starting in the operating room just before cardiopulmonary bypass) (group M), both pharmacologic agents at the same dosages (group S+M), or no antiarrhythmic agents (group CTR). All patients with an ejection fraction less than 0.40 were excluded. RESULTS: The incidence of postoperative AF was 11.8% (6/51) in the S group, 14.8% (8/54) in the M group, 1.9% (1/52) in the S+M group, and 38% (19/50) in the CTR group. The following differences were significant: group CTR versus groups S, M, and S+M with values of p = 0.002, p = 0.007 and p < 0.0001, respectively; and group S+M versus groups S and M with p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of AF after coronary operation was significantly reduced by the administration of sotalol alone and magnesium alone; more importantly, the incidence was further reduced by combining these agents.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238830/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238830
|
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] |
12,238,831 |
Is there a role for endothelin-blockade early after coronary artery bypass grafting?
|
Lockowandt Ulf U, Franco-Cereceda Anders A
|
The Annals of thoracic surgery . Vol. 74, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
BACKGROUND: Diverse results exist regarding myocardial release of endothelin after coronary artery bypass grafting. Because endothelin may be involved in regulation of coronary blood flow, postoperative endothelin-blockade could influence the surgical outcome. In this study, we have evaluated the cardiac outflow of endothelin and effects on coronary flow by endothelin-blockade immediately after completion of the coronary bypass grafting. METHODS: Thirty patients were subjected to infusions of endothelinA blocker (BQ-123, 260 nmoL/min for up to 30 minutes) or endothelinA blocker and endothelinB blocker (BQ-123 and BQ-788, 260 and 250 nmol/min, respectively, for up to 30 minutes) into a veingraft anastomosed to a coronary vessel, and the coronary blood flow was measured. Plasma levels of endothelin from the coronary sinus and the periphery were determined. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in flow caused by endothelinA blockade alone or in combination with endothelinB blockade. There were no immediately increased levels of endothelin after surgery or after infusions of the endothelin blockers. CONCLUSIONS: Endothelin blockade does not influence the immediate perioperative myocardial blood flow after coronary bypass grafting. There is no significantly increased myocardial outflow of endothelin, and endothelin does not have any influence on the basal tone of the coronary vessels in the early phase after coronary bypass grafting.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238831/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12238831
|
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] |
12,238,832 |
Tranexamic acid reduces bleeding and the need for blood transfusion in primary myocardial revascularization.
|
Zabeeda Deeb D, Medalion Benjamin B, Sverdlov Michael M, Ezra Shaul S, Schachner Arie A, Ezri Tiberiu T, Cohen Amram J AJ
|
The Annals of thoracic surgery . Vol. 74, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to study the effect of low-dose tranexamic acid (TA) on postoperative bleeding and coagulation variables after coronary artery bypass grafting operation. METHODS: Fifty patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly assigned to receive either placebo (0.9% NaCl; n = 25) or 10 mg/kg TA followed by infusion of 1 mg/kg per hour during the operation (n = 25). Data measured included blood loss, transfusion, reoperation, fibrinogen level, fibrinogen split products, platelet size, and platelet function. Measurements were made after induction of anesthesia, after heparin administration, during patient warming, after skin closure, and 24 hours after operation. RESULTS: Patients in the TA study group weighed less. Other demographic characteristics were similar between groups. Postoperative bleeding was less in the TA group (194 +/- 135 mL versus 488 +/- 238 mL, p < 0.001), whereas blood requirement was higher in the control group (1.68 +/- 1 versus 0.52 +/- 0.9 U of packed cells per patient, p < 0.001). The percent of patients exposed to blood products was significantly less in the TA group (36% versus 100%, p < 0.001). Fibrinogen split products were lower in the TA group during bypass (p < 0.001). Fibrinogen levels fell in both groups during cardiopulmonary bypass. Platelet number and function were reduced equally in both groups by cardiopulmonary bypass. Other test results were not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The use of low-dose TA during coronary artery bypass grafting significantly reduced the coagulopathy-induced postoperative bleeding and allogeneic blood products requirement. The low levels of fibrinogen split products during bypass in the study group reflect the inhibiting effect of TA in fibrinolysis. Tranexamic acid had no effect on platelet function during cardiopulmonary bypass.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238832/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238832
|
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] |
12,238,845 |
Clinical performance and biocompatibility of poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate)-coated extracorporeal circuits.
|
Gunaydin Serdar S, Farsak Bora B, Kocakulak Mustafa M, Sari Tamer T, Yorgancioglu Cem C, Zorlutuna Yaman Y
|
The Annals of thoracic surgery . Vol. 74, No. 3, 2002 Sep
|
BACKGROUND: Poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate) is an amphiphilic organic polymer consisting of a hydrophobic backbone with pendant hydrophilic groups that has been reported to reduce protein and platelet adsorption in in vitro and ex vivo studies. METHODS: Sixty patients undergoing three-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting were divided into two equal groups. Group 1 had operation with Capiox poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate) coated SX18R oxygenators with noncoated circuits, and group 2 had operation with all noncoated circuits. Hemodynamic variables, blood and urine test results, hematologic variables, complement fractions, C3a and C4d, and interleukin-6 levels were documented preoperatively (T1), on cardiopulmonary bypass (T2), before cessation of cardiopulmonary bypass (T3), after protamine sulfate reversal (T4), and on the first postoperative day (T5). Protein electrophoresis was performed at T1 and T5. Blood cell adhesion and aggregation on fibers were analyzed with optical microscopy, and desorbed protein was evaluated quantitatively by a spectrophotometer using samples obtained when the oxygenators were dismantled after cardiopulmonary bypass. RESULTS: Platelet counts in group 1 demonstrated significant differences at T3, T4, and T5 (p < 0.05) versus group 2 and white blood cell counts in group 1 versus group 2, at counts T4 and T5. Albumin levels were significantly better preserved in group 1 at T4, and T5 and fibrinogen levels, at T3 and T5 (p < 0.05). On electrophoresis, the postoperative albumin level was 57.9% +/- 3% in group 1 versus 50.2% +/- 3% in group 2 (p < 0.05). Postoperative hemorrhage was 452 +/- 35 mL in group 1 and 612 +/- 35 mL in group 2 (p < 0.05). Duration of intubation was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in group 1, as was need of blood transfusion (p < 0.01). More platelet adhesion and aggregation were demonstrated on noncoated oxygenator fibers. The amount of desorbed protein was 0.13 +/- 0.01 mg/dL versus 0.012 +/- 0.001 mg/dL (p < 0.001) on noncoated versus coated fibers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate)-coated oxygenators reduce platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation and protein adsorption. This surface provides a better perioperative clinical status through platelet-, albumin-, and fibrinogen-sparing effects.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238845/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Evaluation Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12238845
|
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] |
12,238,905 |
A comparison of terbutaline and fenoterol unit dose vials in treating children with acute asthmatic attacks.
|
Lin Yung-Zen YZ, Huang Fu-Yuan FY
|
Acta paediatrica Taiwanica = Taiwan er ke yi xue hui za zhi . Vol. 43, No. 4
|
To compare the bronchodilation and adverse effects of two commercially marketed short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists, terbutaline (Bricanyl, 5.0 mg/2ml) and fenoterol (Berotec,1.25 mg/2ml) unit dose vials (UDV), 108 acute asthmatic children, aged 5 to 14, were randomly enrolled into this study. Nebulization treatment for 10 minutes using an air compressor nebulizer was performed after measurements of baseline spirometry, SaO2, blood pressure and pulse rate. Same measurements were repeated at 0, 5, 15 and 30 minutes after the end of the nebulization treatment. The blood pressure was also monitored immediately and 30 minutes after treatment. Almost all the spirometric parameters of both treatments at various time points significantly improved. The pulse rate significantly increased at 15 and 30 min. The SaO2 significantly increased at 30 min. The systolic blood pressure significantly decreased immediately (terbutaline only) and at 30 min (fenoterol only). No significant change was found in diastolic blood pressure. When the laboratory parameters at the same time points were compared. Significant better results for fenoterol treatment were found in FEV, at 30 min (p = 0.048), PEF at 15 and 30 min (p = 0.049 and p = 0.027, respectively), FEF25-75% at 30 min (p = 0.033), mean absolute increase of PEF at 15 min (p = 0.034) and 30 min (p = 0.021), FEF25-75% at 30 min (p = 0.046), and in mean percent increase of FEF25-75% at 30 min (p = 0.047). The adverse effects for both groups were almost equal and around 21%. In conclusion, both terbutaline and fenoterol UDV nebulization treatments are effective in treating acute asthmatic children. The adverse effects are nearly equal. The fenoterol UDV nebulization treatment shows a little better result in improving pulmonary function than does terbutaline.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238905/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12238905
|
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12,238,942 |
Utility of pedometers for assessing physical activity: convergent validity.
|
Tudor-Locke Catrine C, Williams Joel E JE, Reis Jared P JP, Pluto Delores D
|
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) . Vol. 32, No. 12, 2002
|
Valid assessment of physical activity is important to researchers and practitioners interested in surveillance, screening, programme evaluation and intervention. The validity of an assessment instrument is commonly considered its most important attribute. Convergent validity is the extent to which an instrument's output is associated with that of other instruments intended to measure the same exposure of interest. A systematic review of the literature produced 25 articles directly relevant to the question of convergent validity of pedometers against accelerometers, observation, and self-reported measures of physical activity. Reported correlations were pooled and a median r-value was computed. Pedometers correlate strongly (median r = 0.86) with different accelerometers (specifically uniaxial accelerometers) depending on the specific instruments used, monitoring frame and conditions implemented, and the manner in which the outputs are expressed. Pedometers also correlate strongly (median r = 0.82) with time in observed activity. Time in observed inactivity correlated negatively with pedometer outputs (median r = -0.44). The relationship with observed steps taken depended upon monitoring conditions and speed of walking. The highest agreement was apparent during ambulatory activity (running, walking) or during sitting (when both observation and pedometers would register few steps taken). There was consistent evidence of reduced accuracy during slow walking. Pedometers correlate moderately with different measures of energy expenditure (median r = 0.68). The relationship between pedometer outputs and energy expenditure is complicated by the use of many different direct and indirect measures of energy expenditure and population samples. Concordance with self-reported physical activity (median r = 0.33) varied depending upon the self-report instrument used, individuals assessed, and how pedometer outputs are expressed (e.g. steps, distance travelled, energy expenditure). Pedometer output has an inverse relationship with reported time spent sitting (r = -0.38). The accumulated evidence herein provides ample support that the simple and inexpensive pedometer is a valid option for assessing physical activity in research and practice.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238942/
|
[
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Review",
"Systematic Review"
] |
12238942
|
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] |
12,238,954 |
Statistical issues in randomized trials of cancer screening.
|
Baker Stuart G SG, Kramer Barnett S BS, Prorok Philip C PC
|
BMC medical research methodology . Vol. 2, 2002 Sep 19
|
BACKGROUND: The evaluation of randomized trials for cancer screening involves special statistical considerations not found in therapeutic trials. Although some of these issues have been discussed previously, we present important recent and new methodologies. METHODS: Our emphasis is on simple approaches. RESULTS: We make the following recommendations: (1) Use death from cancer as the primary endpoint, but review death records carefully and report all causes of death; (2) Use a simple "causal" estimate to adjust for nonattendance and contamination occurring immediately after randomization; (3) Use a simple adaptive estimate to adjust for dilution in follow-up after the last screen CONCLUSION: The proposed guidelines combine recent methodological work on screening endpoints and noncompliance/contamination with a new adaptive method to adjust for dilution in a study where follow-up continues after the last screen. These guidelines ensure good practice in the design and analysis of randomized trials of cancer screening.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238954/
|
[
"Guideline",
"Journal Article",
"Practice Guideline"
] |
12238954
|
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12,238,997 |
Prevention of soccer injuries: a prospective intervention study in youth amateur players.
|
Junge Astrid A, Rösch Dieter D, Peterson Lars L, Graf-Baumann Toni T, Dvorak Jiri J
|
The American journal of sports medicine . Vol. 30, No. 5
|
BACKGROUND: Risk factors for soccer injuries and possibilities for prevention have been discussed by several authors, but only a few have investigated the effectiveness of preventive interventions. PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a prevention program on the incidence of soccer injuries in male youth amateur players. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective controlled intervention study. METHODS: Seven soccer teams took part in a prevention program that focused on education and supervision of coaches and players, while seven other teams were instructed to train and play soccer as usual. Over 1 year all injuries were documented weekly by physicians. Complete weekly injury reports were available for 194 players. RESULTS: The incidence of injury per 1000 hours of training and playing soccer was 6.7 in the intervention group and 8.5 in the control group, which equates to 21% fewer injuries in the intervention group. The greatest effects were observed for mild injuries, overuse injuries, and injuries incurred during training. The prevention program had greater effects in low-skill than in high-skill teams. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of soccer injuries can be reduced by preventive interventions, especially in low skill level youth teams. Coaches and players need better education regarding injury prevention strategies and should include such interventions as part of their regular training.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238997/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12238997
|
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] |
12,239,065 |
Cystic changes in hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) treated with Gleevec (imatinib mesylate).
|
Chen Michael Y M MY, Bechtold Robert E RE, Savage Paul D PD
|
AJR. American journal of roentgenology . Vol. 179, No. 4, 2002 Oct
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to illustrate the CT findings in patients with hepatic metastases from a gastrointestinal stromal tumor who were treated with STI-571. CONCLUSION: Hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal stromal tumors that respond to treatment with STI-571 can appear as near-cystic components with well-defined borders on contrast-enhanced CT. Most metastases became smaller. These metastases resemble simple cysts, but density measurements may differentiate them from one another.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239065/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12239065
|
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12,239,138 |
Use of epoetin in patients with cancer: evidence-based clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the American Society of Hematology.
|
Rizzo J Douglas JD, Lichtin Alan E AE, Woolf Steven H SH, Seidenfeld Jerome J, Bennett Charles L CL, Cella David D, Djulbegovic Benjamin B, Goode Matthew J MJ, Jakubowski Ann A AA, Lee Stephanie J SJ, Miller Carole B CB, Rarick Mark U MU, Regan David H DH, Browman George P GP, Gordon Michael S MS, ,
|
Blood . Vol. 100, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
Anemia resulting from cancer or its treatment is an important clinical problem increasingly treated with the recombinant hematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin. To address uncertainties regarding indications and efficacy, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the American Society of Hematology developed an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the use of epoetin in patients with cancer. The guideline panel found good evidence to recommend use of epoetin as a treatment option for patients with chemotherapy-associated anemia with a hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration below 10 g/dL. Use of epoetin for patients with less severe anemia (Hgb level below 12 g/dL but never below 10 g/dL) should be determined by clinical circumstances. Good evidence from clinical trials supports the use of subcutaneous epoetin thrice weekly (150 U/kg) for a minimum of 4 weeks. Less strong evidence supports an alternative weekly (40 000 U/wk) dosing regimen, based on common clinical practice. With either administration schedule, dose escalation should be considered for those not responding to the initial dose. In the absence of response, continuing epoetin beyond 6-8 weeks does not appear to be beneficial. Epoetin should be titrated once the hemoglobin concentration reaches 12 g/dL. Evidence from one randomized controlled trial supports use of epoetin for patients with anemia associated with low-risk myelodysplasia not receiving chemotherapy; however, there are no published high-quality studies to support its use for anemia in other hematologic malignancies in the absence of chemotherapy. Therefore, for anemic patients with hematologic malignancies it is recommended that physicians initiate conventional therapy and observe hematologic response before considering use of epoetin.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239138/
|
[
"Guideline",
"Journal Article",
"Practice Guideline"
] |
12239138
|
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12,239,144 |
Treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with HLH-94 immunochemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.
|
Henter Jan-Inge JI, Samuelsson-Horne AnnaCarin A, Aricò Maurizio M, Egeler R Maarten RM, Elinder Göran G, Filipovich Alexandra H AH, Gadner Helmut H, Imashuku Shinsaku S, Komp Diane D, Ladisch Stephan S, Webb David D, Janka Gritta G,
|
Blood . Vol. 100, No. 7, 2002 Oct 01
|
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) comprises familial (primary) hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) and secondary HLH (SHLH), both clinically characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and cytopenia. FHL, an autosomal recessive disease invariably fatal when untreated, is associated with defective triggering of apoptosis and reduced cytotoxic activity, resulting in a widespread accumulation of T lymphocytes and activated macrophages. In 1994 the Histiocyte Society initiated a prospective international collaborative therapeutic study (HLH-94), aiming at improved survival. It combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy (etoposide, corticosteroids, cyclosporin A, and, in selected patients, intrathecal methotrexate), followed by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in persistent, recurring, and/or familial disease. Between July 1, 1994, and June 30, 1998, 113 eligible patients aged no more than 15 years from 21 countries started HLH-94. All had either an affected sibling (n = 25) and/or fulfilled the Histiocyte Society diagnostic criteria. At a median follow-up of 3.1 years, the estimated 3-year probability of survival overall was 55% (95% confidence interval +/- 9%), and in the familial cases, 51% (+/- 20%). Twenty enrolled children were alive and off therapy for more than 12 months without BMT. For patients who received transplants (n = 65), died prior to BMT (n = 25), or were still on therapy (n = 3), the 3-year survival was 45% (+/- 10%). The 3-year probability of survival after BMT was 62% (+/- 12%). HLH-94 is very effective, allowing BMT in most patients. Survival of children with HLH has been greatly improved.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239144/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Multicenter Study",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239144
|
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] |
12,239,234 |
Physiologic consequences of vasopeptidase inhibition in humans: effect of sodium intake.
|
Azizi Michel M, Lamarre-Cliche Maxime M, Labatide-Alanore Agnès A, Bissery Alvine A, Guyene Than Tam TT, Ménard Joël J
|
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN . Vol. 13, No. 10, 2002 Oct
|
The in vivo inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and neutral endopeptidase (NEP) were monitored simultaneously by sequentially measuring the urinary excretion of N-Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro and of the atrial natriuretic factor to compare the magnitude and the duration of action of a vasopeptidase inhibitor, omapatrilat, and an ACE inhibitor, fosinopril. Single oral doses of 40 or 80 mg of omapatrilat or 20 mg of fosinopril were administered to 24 normotensive, sodium-depleted or -replete volunteers in a placebo-controlled crossover study. ACE inhibition persisted longer after treatment with omapatrilat than with fosinopril, and there was no major difference between the effects of 40 and 80 mg of omapatrilat. The duration of NEP inhibition by omapatrilat was shorter than that of ACE inhibition. Although omapatrilat effectively inhibited NEP, it had a mild and transient natriuretic effect and did not increase natriuresis more than fosinopril. Omapatrilat induced a decrease in BP and an increase in plasma renin more rapidly and more effectively than fosinopril. The BP and renin effects of omapatrilat persisted despite high sodium intake, which neutralized the effects of fosinopril. The simultaneous inhibition of ACE and NEP may be more effective in reducing BP than the inhibition of ACE alone and less dependent on sodium balance.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239234/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239234
|
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] |
12,239,258 |
Hemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in infection-associated acute renal failure in Vietnam.
|
Phu Nguyen Hoan NH, Hien Tran Tinh TT, Mai Nguyen Thi Hoang NT, Chau Tran Thi Hong TT, Chuong Ly Van LV, Loc Pham Phu PP, Winearls Christopher C, Farrar Jeremy J, White Nicholas N, Day Nicholas N
|
The New England journal of medicine . Vol. 347, No. 12, 2002 Sep 19
|
BACKGROUND: In some parts of the world, peritoneal dialysis is widely used for renal replacement in acute renal failure. In resource-rich countries, it has been supplanted in recent years by hemodialysis and, most recently, by hemofiltration and associated techniques. The relative efficacy of peritoneal dialysis and hemofiltration is not known. METHODS: We conducted an open, randomized comparison of pumped venovenous hemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in patients with infection-associated acute renal failure in an infectious-disease referral hospital in Vietnam. RESULTS: Seventy adult patients with severe falciparum malaria (48 patients) or sepsis (22 patients) were enrolled; 34 were assigned to hemofiltration and 36 to peritoneal dialysis. The mortality rate was 47 percent (17 patients) in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis, as compared with 15 percent (5 patients) in the group assigned to hemofiltration (P=0.005). The rates of resolution of acidosis and of decline in the serum creatinine concentration in the group assigned to hemofiltration were more than twice those in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis (P<0.005), and renal-replacement therapy was required for a significantly shorter period. In a multivariate analysis, the odds ratio for death was 5.1 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.6 to 16) and that for a need for future dialysis was 4.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 17) in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis. The cost of hemofiltration per survivor was less than half that of peritoneal dialysis, and the cost per life saved was less than one third. CONCLUSIONS: Hemofiltration is superior to peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of infection-associated acute renal failure.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239258/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239258
|
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] |
12,239,424 |
Photoprotection of UV-irradiated human skin: an antioxidative combination of vitamins E and C, carotenoids, selenium and proanthocyanidins.
|
Greul Anne-Katrin AK, Grundmann Jens-Uwe JU, Heinrich Felix F, Pfitzner Inka I, Bernhardt Jürgen J, Ambach Andreas A, Biesalski Hans-Konrad HK, Gollnick Harald H
|
Skin pharmacology and applied skin physiology . Vol. 15, No. 5
|
Endogenous antioxidants are decreased in skin and blood during UV exposure. Combined supplementation of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid in addition to topical sunscreens may help to lower the risk of sunburning. Acute UV erythema with sunburn reaction are the most important factors in conjunction with the cumulative life-long UV dose for inducing skin damage resulting in photoageing and precancerous and cancerous lesions. Therefore, a clinical, randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study was conducted in healthy young female volunteers (skin type II) investigating the preventive, photoprotective effect of supplementation with Seresis, an antioxidative combination containing both lipid and water-soluble compounds: carotenoids (beta-carotene and lycopene), vitamins C and E, selenium and proanthocyanidins. In this study, the oral administration of Seresis appeared to be well tolerated. The preparation contains antioxidant compounds in quantities occurring at physiological levels and can therefore be used safely over a long period of time. Despite the fact that the assessment of the light sensitivity (minimal erythemal dose, chromametry) of the skin did not show any statistically significant differences between the Seresis and the placebo group, a clear statistical trend, however, could be demonstrated, i.e. Seresis was able to slow down the time of the development and grade of UVB-induced erythema. The primary efficacy parameter matrix metalloproteinases 1 (MMP-1) between treatment and placebo group following UV irradiation showed a significant difference (p < 0.05), which occurred due to the fact that after a 2-week UV irradiation, MMP-1 slightly increased (p < 0.03) in the placebo group and decreased (p < 0.044) in the treated group. The MMP-9 changes showed a clear tendency of decrease in the Seresis group (p < 1.393) and increase (p < 0.048) in the placebo group. These data emphasise that supplementation with Seresis decreases the UV-induced expression of MMP-1 and 9, which might be important in photoprotective processes. From our data, we thus finally draw the conclusion that by the combination of antioxidants, such as in the formulation of Seresis, a selective protection of the skin against irradiation can be achieved. This might be important for future recommendations for immediate suppression of the early phase of UV-induced erythema, that means pharmacological prevention of sunburn reaction as well as subsequent chronic skin damage.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239424/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239424
|
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] |
12,239,432 |
Beta-carotene plasma levels and content in oral mucosal epithelium is skin type associated.
|
Gollnick Harald P M HP, Siebenwirth Carina C
|
Skin pharmacology and applied skin physiology . Vol. 15, No. 5
|
Beta-carotene is one of the important antioxidants in the defence mechanisms of the body against reactive oxygen species and, in particular, against UV radiation in the skin. The aim of our study was to measure if differences of beta-carotene in the peripheral blood and oral mucosa exist in relation to skin types I-IV (according to Fitzpatrick). One hundred and seventy-four subjects were studied with regard to beta-carotene plasma levels. Out of these, 63 healthy volunteers (24-28 years) with skin type I-IV were studied with regard to plasma levels and content of beta-carotene in the oral mucosa. Ten millilitres of venous blood was obtained and oral mucosa cells (OMCs) were taken by gently brushing the oral cavity without contamination of capillary leak blood. A modified method by Stich et al. was used for preparing cells and measuring beta-carotene in OMCs by HPLC. Plasma levels of skin type I were 0.1565 micromol/l and increased via skin types II with 0.2989 and III with 0.5457 to 1.221 micromol/l in skin type IV. A similar skin type-dependent increase in beta-carotene could be measured in the oral mucosa epithelium (OMC) either when measured in micromoles/litre (0.0056-0.0217) or in nanograms/10(6) cells (0.2090-0.9989). Smokers had significantly lower levels of beta-carotene in plasma and OMC as compared with non-smokers. Non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer patients also showed lower beta-carotene plasma levels and in the OMCs as well. From our results, we conclude that plasma levels and content of beta-carotene in the cytoplasm of OMCs show marked and significant differences with regard to skin types I-IV. The question arises whether these differences are genetically controlled.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239432/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12239432
|
[
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] |
12,239,440 |
Mood changes following acute tryptophan depletion in healthy adults.
|
Schmeck Klaus K, Sadigorsky Shella S, Englert Ekkehart E, Demisch Lothar L, Dierks Thomas T, Barta Stefan S, Poustka Fritz F
|
Psychopathology . Vol. 35, No. 4
|
A decrease in central serotonergic activity following plasma tryptophan depletion has been shown to provoke a deterioration of mood. We studied the impact of sex and aggressive traits on mood changes following tryptophan depletion in healthy volunteers. Twelve healthy subjects (6 males, 6 females, 24-31 years), who were screened for psychiatric and non-psychiatric medical illness, were administered a tryptophan-depleting amino acid mixture (TD) and a placebo mixture on two different occasions in a double-blind crossover design. Psychometric measures included the preliminary determination of aggressive traits and depression and repeated assessments of mood and emotionality. The tryptophan-free amino acid mixture caused a marked depletion of plasma tryptophan with lowest levels occurring between 3 and 5 h after TD. Maximum changes in mood occurred about 10 h after TD, but only in high-aggressive women who scored significantly higher in arousal, anger and depressed mood, whereas low-aggressive women and men did not show any effect of TD. In addition, we could not confirm an increase in aggressive mood (anger) after TD in males with higher scores of trait aggression, presumably because the level of trait aggression was not high enough in this group. Due to the small sample size, our results that tryptophan depletion exerts a rapid mood-lowering effect on healthy women with pre-existing aggressive traits can only be seen as preliminary and have to be confirmed in further studies with larger samples.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239440/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239440
|
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12,239,445 |
Phase II trial of vinorelbine, cisplatin and continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil followed by hyperfractionated radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer.
|
Orecchia Roberto R, Jereczek-Fossa Barbara A BA, Catalano Gianpiero G, Chiesa Fausto F, De Pas Tommaso T, Masci Giovanna G, Krengli Marco M, Vavassori Andrea A, De Paoli Fiora F, Robertson Chris C, Marrocco Emanuela E, De Braud Filippo F, DePas Tommaso T
|
Oncology . Vol. 63, No. 2, 2002
|
OBJECTIVE: We undertook a prospective phase II study to assess the feasibility and activity of a new induction chemotherapy regimen followed by hyperfractionated irradiation in locally advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer. METHODS: 25 patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer were treated with 4 cycles of vinorelbine (20 mg i.v. day 1, 3), cisplatin (60 mg/m(2) i.v. day 1) and 5-fluorouracil (200 mg/m(2) continuous i.v. infusion day 1-21) (ViFuP regimen) followed by bifractionated radiotherapy (bidRT) up to 74.4 Gy in 62 fractions of 1.2 Gy twice daily. RESULTS: Chemotherapy was well tolerated, 6 patients developed grade 3 and one patient grade 4 neutropenia. Response to chemotherapy was observed in 19 patients (76%) including three complete responses and 16 partial responses. Planned bidRT was completed in 25 patients and all but one received planned bidRT dose without interruptions. Radiotherapy was well tolerated, mucositis was the most common side effect (grade 3-12 patients, grade 4-1 patient). At evaluation after the completion of bidRT, 13 patients had complete response (52%), 7 partial response (28%), 2 stable disease and 3 tumor progression. At the median follow-up of 18.2 months, 11 patients were alive and free of disease, and 14 patients had died (12 of tumor). Late xerostomy was observed in all but one 3-month survivors. Late mandibular necrosis was seen in 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: bidRT preceded by ViFuP seems a feasible and active combination in locally advanced head and neck cancer. Good patient compliance did not compromise the delivery of planned dose of bidRT. However, short median duration of response (14.6 months) and moderate median overall survival (18.7 months) indicate the need for more intensive therapeutic strategies. On the basis of these results, modifications of our treatment schedule (shortening the overall treatment time by reduction of chemotherapy cycles and the use of chemotherapy concomitantly with irradiation) are planned for the future study.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239445/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Multicenter Study"
] |
12239445
|
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] |
12,239,448 |
Stepwise hook extension technique for radiofrequency ablation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
Kobayashi Masahiro M, Ikeda Kenji K, Someya Takashi T, Akuta Norio N, Suzuki Fumitaka F, Tsubota Akihito A, Suzuki Yoshiyuki Y, Saitoh Satoshi S, Arase Yasuji Y, Kumada Hiromitsu H
|
Oncology . Vol. 63, No. 2, 2002
|
OBJECTIVE: Our study was designed to examine the efficacy of stepwise hook extension technique for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma in a randomized controlled study. METHOD: Twenty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma measuring <25 mm were divided randomly into two equal groups. RFA was applied using our new stepwise hook extension technique in patients of group 1, and the full extension method in group 2. The 10-hook electrode of LeVeen needle was deployed in four steps to full extension during ablation in group 1, and full extension at start of treatment in group 2. RESULTS: Roll-off was achieved in all 10 patients of group 1, indicative of sufficient tumor coagulation, but only in 3 of 10 patients of group 2. The median time to completion of treatment was 6 min and 55 s (range 3 min to 14 min and 3 s) and 15 min (6-15 min), respectively. The total power output used for RF was lower in group 1 than in group 2 (median 271 vs. 1,045 W.m). The diameters of RFA-induced lesions were not significantly different between the groups (group 1: 27, range 23-37 mm; group 2: 23, 0-42 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Application of RFA using stepwise hook extension technique is superior to the full extension method since it produces the same therapeutic effects within a short period using a lower energy.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239448/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12239448
|
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] |
12,239,447 |
Vinblastine and interferon-gamma combination with and without 13-cis retinoic acid for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Results of two phase II clinical trials.
|
Bacoyiannis C C, Dimopoulos M A MA, Kalofonos H P HP, Nicolaides C C, Aravantinos G G, Bafaloukos D D, Samelis G G, Onyenadum A A, Kiamouris Ch Ch, Skarlos D D, Pavlidis N N, Triantafillidis A A, Kosmidis P P,
|
Oncology . Vol. 63, No. 2, 2002
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is firstly to determine the response rates and toxicity of two regimens containing vinblastine (VBL) in combination with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and secondly to evaluate the additional efficacy of 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) in RCC. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients were included in the first trial (Trial 1) and 40 in the second one (Trial 2). The therapy given in Trial 1 consisted of VBL 0.15 mg/kg i.v. every 2 weeks and IFN-gamma 100 microg s.c. 3 times weekly. In Trial 2, the therapy consisted of the same two drugs, in the same doses, plus oral 13-CRA 40 mg/day. RESULTS: In Trial 1 there were 3 (10.3%) patients with complete response, 3 (10.3%) patients with partial response, 8 (27.6%) patients with stable disease and 15 (51.7%) patients with progressive disease. In Trial 2, there was no complete response, however, 3 (7.5%) patients had partial response. Additionally, 15 (37.5%) patients maintained stable disease and 14 (35%) patients had progressive disease. In Trial 1, the median survival was 12.56 months (95% CI, 6.8-18.3, range 0.59-42.49) and the median time to progression was 3.21 months (95% CI, 1.7-4.7, range 0.03-42.49). In Trial 2, the median survival was 9.54 months (95% CI, 5.9-13.1, range 0.43-24.1) and the median time to progression was 3.9 months (95% CI, 0.8-7, range 0.26-24.1). In Trial 1, granulocytopenia grade 3 and 4 appeared in 5 (17.2%) patients and anaemia grade 3 in 1 (3.4%) patient. In Trial 2, there were grade 3 toxicities, as granulocytopenia in 5 (12.5%) patients, anemia in 4 (10.0%) patients, stomatitis in 3 (7.5%) patients, fatigue/malaise in 3 (7.5%) patients and 1 (2.5%) had diarrhea. No toxic deaths occurred in both studies. CONCLUSION: The use of IFN-gamma does not enhance the low response of VBL-based chemotherapy. The additional administration of 13-CRA with the combination of VBL and IFN-gamma does not add to the efficacy of this combination in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. New active agents are needed to treat patients with this disease.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239447/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12239447
|
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] |
12,239,449 |
Phase II study with docetaxel and cisplatin in the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
|
Gedlicka C C, Formanek M M, Selzer E E, Burian M M, Kornfehl J J, Fiebiger W W, Cartellieri M M, Marks B B, Kornek G V GV
|
Oncology . Vol. 63, No. 2, 2002
|
PURPOSE: Since the combination of cisplatin and docetaxel have demonstrated activity in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and oesophagus before, promising results in recurrent metastatic head and neck cancer were expected. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between September 1998 and October 2000, 40 patients entered this trial, 38 of whom were evaluable. Six patients were previously untreated, 24 had surgery and/or radiotherapy and 13 had received chemoradiation and/or surgery. Therapy consisted of 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel (1-hour infusion) and 75 mg/m(2) cisplatin (90-min infusion) on day 1, repeated every three weeks for a maximum of 6 courses. All patients received corticosteroids routinely, 5-HT3-antagonists, and hydration. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 52.5% (95% confidence interval, 36.1 to 68.5%) including 7 complete (17.5% complete response; CR) and 14 partial remissions (35% partial response; PR). The overall response rate in patients who had no prior treatment (n = 6) was 100%, including 3 CR and 3 PR. In patients who had prior surgery and/or radiotherapy (n = 21) an overall response rate of 42.8% was observed, including 2 CR and 7 PR; 8 patients (38.1%) had stable disease, while disease progressed in 3 (14.3%). Six of 13 patients (46.2%) who had prior chemoradiation +/- surgery responded, including 2 CR (15.4%) and 4 PR (30.8%), no change was seen in 4 patients (30.8%) and tumour progressed in 2 (15.4%). The median response duration for all patients was 10 months (range, 3-20), the median overall survival was 11 months (range, 1-30). Myelosuppression was commonly observed; WHO grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in 12 patients (30%) each, and was complicated by septicaemia in 5 cases. WHO grade 3 anaemia was observed in only 3 patients (7.5%). Severe non-hematologic toxicity except for alopecia was rarely observed, and included diarrhea in 2 (5%), nausea/vomiting in 2 patients (5%) and stomatitis in 1 patient (2.5%). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that docetaxel and cisplatin in combination is an effective and fairly well tolerated regimen for the treatment of head and neck cancer with an excellent response rate in previously untreated patients.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239449/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article"
] |
12239449
|
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12,239,475 |
Prospective clinical trial of dental implants in persons with ectodermal dysplasia.
|
Guckes Albert D AD, Scurria Mark S MS, King Tonya S TS, McCarthy George R GR, Brahim Jaime S JS
|
The Journal of prosthetic dentistry . Vol. 88, No. 1, 2002 Jul
|
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS: Ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary condition in which hypodontia is the second most frequently occurring sign. Hypodontia is associated with lack of development of the alveolar ridge and results in less volume of bone for support of conventional prostheses. Minimal development of the alveolar ridge can affect the bone volume available for the placement of dental implants. PURPOSE: This clinical trial evaluated the survival of implants placed in individuals with a form of ectodermal dysplasia and severe hypodontia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred sixty-four titanium endosteal dental implants were placed in 51 subjects: 37 males and 14 females between the ages of 8 and 68 (mean age 20.5 years, median age 16.5 years). Two hundred forty-three implants were placed in the anterior mandible, and 21 were placed in the anterior maxilla with a 2-stage surgical protocol. Either fixed-detachable dentures or bar-clip overdentures were provided. Subjects were followed up for 0 to 78 months after second-stage surgery. Kaplan-Meier survival rates and curves were produced to describe the survival of the implants for the different age groups and implant locations. Repeated-measures Cox regression models were used to evaluate the hazard ratios for age and location, with alpha=.05 as the criteria for significance. RESULTS: Of the 243 implants placed in the anterior mandible, 221 (91%) survived. Of the 21 implants placed in the anterior maxilla, 16 (76%) survived. Fourteen of the 51 (27%) subjects had a failed implant. All but 2 failures occurred before or at second-stage surgery. Implant-supported prostheses were provided for all patients. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, the results support the continued use of endosteal dental implants in this patient population with appropriate precautions in the maxilla.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239475/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12239475
|
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] |
12,239,480 |
Clinical evaluation of two adhesive composite cements for the suppression of dentinal cold sensitivity.
|
Sensat Michelle L ML, Brackett William W WW, Meinberg Trudy A TA, Beatty Mark W MW
|
The Journal of prosthetic dentistry . Vol. 88, No. 1, 2002 Jul
|
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS: Postoperative cold sensitivity after the cementation of indirect restorations with composite cements has been reported frequently but not scientifically documented. PURPOSE: This controlled clinical study was designed to simulate the dentin/composite cement interface immediately after cementation of a cast restoration. The desensitizing capabilities of a composite cement that contains a self-etching, dual-polymerizing resin adhesive system were compared with those of a composite cement that use phosphoric acid etching followed by a single-bottle, light-activated primer/resin-based adhesive. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hypersensitive root surfaces of selected teeth were randomized to receive 1 of 3 treatments: coating with a self-etching adhesive (Linkmax) and its respective cement, coating with a conventionally etched adhesive (RelyX ARC) and its cement, or no treatment (negative control). The sample size was 22. Dentin sensitivity was ascertained with an accurate cold testing device that slowly decreased in temperature. Tooth sensitivity was measured both immediately and at 7 days after placement. Two-way analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test (P<.05) were used to determine whether significant differences existed as a function of treatment type or time. RESULTS: Immediately after placement, the self-etching adhesive and its respective cement resulted in more suppression of cold sensitivity than no treatment (control); with Linkmax treatment, the temperature at which teeth responded was reduced by 8.4 degrees C. The conventionally etched adhesive and its cement reduced the temperature at which teeth responded by 9.4 degrees C. After 1 week, these temperature reductions were 7.0 degrees C and 4.3 degrees C, respectively. Untreated controls at the 2 intervals showed a mean decrease in sensitivity to cold of 3.6 degrees C and 4.1 degrees C. Statistical analysis showed type of composite cement to be a significant factor. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study and in comparison to untreated control teeth, Linkmax treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tooth root sensitivity over 1 week (P=.02), whereas RelyX ARC did not (P=.066).
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239480/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239480
|
[
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] |
12,239,624 |
Combined use of percutaneous ethanol injection and radiofrequency ablation for the effective treatment of hepatocelluar carcinoma.
|
Kurokohchi K K, Watanabe S S, Masaki T T, Hosomi N N, Funaki T T, Arima K K, Yoshida S S, Miyauchi Y Y, Kuriyama S S
|
International journal of oncology . Vol. 21, No. 4, 2002 Oct
|
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) therapy are currently used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of combination therapy of PEI and RFA (PEI-RFA). Seventy-three patients with biopsy-proven HCC and liver cirrhosis underwent RFA after a bolus injection of ethanol into HCC. The volume of coagulated necrosis in the liver caused by PEI-RFA was estimated and compared with that by RFA alone. Coagulated necrosis areas in the liver of patients treated with PEI-RFA were significantly larger than those of patients treated with RFA alone. In PEI-RFA group, the volume of coagulated necrosis was significantly correlated with the amounts of ethanol injected into HCC. No major complications were observed during and after the PEI-RFA treatment. These results indicate that PEI-RFA is more effective than RFA alone and can make dramatic improvement of therapeutic effects in RFA therapy for HCC with fewer sessions of treatments. Therefore, PEI-RFA is considered to be a practical and promising option and may open up new avenues for the treatment of HCC.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239624/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase I",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239624
|
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] |
12,239,650 |
Does major depression in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease affect the outcome of laparoscopic antireflux surgery?
|
Kamolz T T, Granderath F A FA, Pointner R R
|
Surgical endoscopy . Vol. 17, No. 1, 2003 Jan
|
BACKGROUND: It is known that psychological factors can affect end points of surgical treatment. The current study aimed to evaluate the outcome of laparoscopic antireflux surgery (LARS) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who experience concomitant major depression in comparison with GERD patients who have no known comorbidity. METHODS: Among a sample of more than 550 patients who underwent LARS, a group of 38 GERD patients with concomitant major depression (MD) were included in this study. The patients included 24 women and 14 men, with a mean age of 51 years. A group of 38 control patients (non-MD) matched in terms of age, gender, and esophageal manometry findings was selected from the database for comparison of surgical outcomes between patients with GERD accompanied by concomitant major depression and GERD patients with no known comorbidity. In each group, 23 patients received a Toupet fundoplication and 15 patients underwent a "floppy" Nissen fundoplication. The following factors were evaluated before surgery, 3 months afterward, and 1 year after LARS: symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, bloating, and dysphagia), quality of life (Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index [GIQLI]), lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP), and 24-h pH monitoring (DeMeester score). RESULTS: Before and after surgery, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of LESP and DeMeester score. Preoperative GIQLI showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two groups (MD group, 71.8 +/- 8.6 vs non-MD group, 91.1 +/- 9.8), and significant differences (p < 0.01-0.001) between the mean data and that for healthy individuals (122.6 +/- 8.5). The GIQLI scores had improved significantly at 3 months and at 1 year after surgery (p < 0.05-0.001) in all the patients (1 year postoperatively: MD group, 99.3 +/- 8.6 vs non-MD group, 121.9 +/- 9.7). Before surgery, when symptoms were compared between the two groups, significant differences (p < 0.001) were found in the percentage of chest pain (81.6% vs 37.4%) and bloating (92.2% vs 37.4%), showing that these symptoms were more predominant and graded as much more severe among patients with MD. In both groups, all the symptoms but dysphagia showed a significant improvement in severity (p < 0.05-0.0001). A comparison of both groups postoperatively showed that significant differences were still present in chest pain (44.7% vs 2.6%), bloating (68.4% vs 18.4), and dysphagia (50.1% vs 2.6%). A significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed only in patients with major depression and depending on the kind of wrap procedure (Nissen vs Toupet), showing that dysphagia (78.9% vs 21.1%) and chest pain (82.4% vs 17.6%) were much more predominant in patients who underwent "floppy" Nissen fundoplication. CONCLUSIONS: Even if they are good surgical candidates from a physiologic point of view, GERD patients with concomitant major depression should be selected carefully. In these patients, LARS can normalize physiologic data, but some patients have demonstrated less symptomatic relief, suffered from postoperative dysphagia, and showed less quality-of-life improvement. Eventually, laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication used with these patients could result in a better subjective outcome.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239650/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12239650
|
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12,239,651 |
Hand-assisted laparoscopic colon mobilization for esophageal reconstruction.
|
Lin Torng-Sen TS, Kuo Sou-Jen SJ, Chou Ming-Chinh MC
|
Surgical endoscopy . Vol. 17, No. 1, 2003 Jan
|
BACKGROUND: New techniques for hand-assisted laparoscopic colon surgery have been adopted quickly for the treatment of numerous colorectal diseases. However, reports of laparoscopic colonic mobilization for esophageal reconstruction are rare. In this report we describe an improved procedure for esophageal reconstruction with transverse colon. METHODS: From January 1999 to April 2001, we recruited seven patients (5 women and 2 men) who acquired esophageal stricture after swallowing hydrogen chloride or lye. The mean age of the patients was 42.7 years. For surgery, the patients were placed in lithotomy position under single-lumen intubated anesthesia. First, hand-assisted laparoscopic colon mobilization was performed with the assistance of the Harmonic Scalpel (AutoSuture Company, Norwalk, CT, USA) through a 7-cm upper abdominal incision. Then using cervical esophagocolostomy through the retrosternal route, coloenterostomy and colocolostomy were achieved. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 3.9 h (range, 3.2-5 h). The mean hospital stay was 9.1 days (range, 8-13 days). Mean blood loss was 100 ml (range, 50-350 ml). All the patients obtained successful outcomes. There was one mild abdominal wound infection, and no surgical mortality. At this writing, the seven patients can eat solid food very well after a mean follow-up period of 18.2 months. CONCLUSIONS: Hand-assisted laparoscopic colonic mobilization for esophageal reconstruction is a safe and feasible operation for treating patients with esophageal stricture.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239651/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12239651
|
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] |
12,239,666 |
Collagen as a clinical target: nonoperative treatment of Dupuytren's disease.
|
Badalamente Marie A MA, Hurst Lawrence C LC, Hentz Vincent R VR
|
The Journal of hand surgery . Vol. 27, No. 5, 2002 Sep
|
The cellular events leading to abnormal synthesis of collagen are important to our understanding of pathologic processes leading to impaired joint function. The contracture of Dupuytren's disease is a notable example. In a series of controlled phase-2 clinical trials, excessive collagen deposition in Dupuytren's disease has been targeted by a unique nonoperative method using enzyme (Clostridial collagenase) injection therapy to lyse and rupture finger cords causing metacarpophalangeal and/or proximal interphalangeal joint contractures. Forty-nine patients were treated in a random, placebo-controlled trial of one dose of collagenase versus placebo at one center. Subsequently 80 patients were treated in a random, placebo-controlled, dose-response study of collagenase at 2 test centers. The results of these studies indicate that nonoperative collagenase injection therapy for Dupuytren's disease is both a safe and effective method of treating this disorder in the majority of patients as an alternative to surgical fasciectomy. Phase-3 efficacy trials are now being planned to further develop and test this method under Food and Drug Administration regulatory guidelines. The findings of our study may lead to simpler and less invasive nonoperative treatments of joint limitation in which collagen plays a major pathologic role.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239666/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Clinical Trial, Phase II",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12239666
|
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] |
12,239,682 |
Hand size influences optimal grip span in women but not in men.
|
Ruiz-Ruiz Jonathan J, Mesa Jose L M JL, Gutiérrez Angel A, Castillo Manuel J MJ
|
The Journal of hand surgery . Vol. 27, No. 5, 2002 Sep
|
This study investigates which position (grip span) on the standard grip dynamometer results in maximum grip strength. Our null hypotheses included (1) no optimal grip span exists for measuring grip strength and (2) optimal grip span is unrelated to hand size. We also intended to derive a simple mathematical algorithm to adapt grip span to hand size. Seventy healthy subjects (40 women/30 men; mean age, 40 years; range; 20-80 years) free of upper-limb lesions were evaluated. Each hand was randomly tested on 10 occasions using 5 different grip spans. Our findings showed that (1) optimal grip span was identified for both genders and (2) hand size and optimal grip span correlated in women but not in men. When measuring handgrip strength in women, hand size must be taken into consideration. We provide a mathematical equation (y = x/5 + 1.5 cm) to adapt optimal grip span (y) to hand size (x) in women. In adult men, optimal grip span can be set at a fixed value (5.5 cm).
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239682/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12239682
|
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] |
12,239,690 |
Low-dose dexamethasone reduces nausea and vomiting after tympanomastoid surgery: a comparison of tropisetron with saline.
|
Wang Jhi-Joung JJ, Wang Pa-Chun PC, Liu Yun-Hou YH, Chien Chih-Cheng CC
|
American journal of otolaryngology . Vol. 23, No. 5
|
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose dexamethasone sodium phosphate (5 mg) on the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting after tympanomastoid surgery. Tropisetron hydrochloride (2 mg) and saline were used as controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty patients (n = 40 in each of 3 groups) undergoing general anesthesia for tympanomastoid surgery were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Following endotracheal intubation, group 1 received intravenous dexamethasone 5 mg, whereas groups 2 and 3 received intravenous 2 mg tropisetron and saline, respectively. Several parameters connected with the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were evaluated. RESULTS: Dexamethasone 5 mg significantly reduced the total incidence of nausea and vomiting by 40% (P =.002). Dexamethasone also reduced the incidence of vomiting episodes by more than 4-fold (P =.03) and the incidence of patients requiring rescue antiemetics (P =.02). Tropisetron at a 2-mg dose did not exhibit any significant antiemetic effect. CONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate 5 mg was more effective than 2 mg tropisetron hydrochloride and saline in the prevention of nausea and vomiting after tympanomastoid surgery.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239690/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12239690
|
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] |
12,239,758 |
Prospective randomised study of cephalic vein cut-down versus subclavian vein puncture technique in the implantation of subcutaneous venous access devices.
|
D'Angelo Francesco A FA, Ramacciato Giovanni G, Aurello Paolo P, De Angelis Renato R, Amodio Pietro P, Magrì Matilde M, Barillari Paolo P
|
Chirurgia italiana . Vol. 54, No. 4
|
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the results of a prospective randomised trial comparing cephalic vein cut-down (CCD) versus percutaneous subclavian vein puncture with the Seldinger technique (PSP) in the implantation of subcutaneous permanent central venous access devices (SPCVAD) in order to better define the safer technique in outpatient surgery. Fifty patients were randomly divided into two groups: CCD--17 males, 8 females (age range: 35-75 years; mean: 60 years); PSP--17 males, 8 females (age range: 17-75 years; mean: 63 years). The two groups were compared in terms of implant morbidity, technical failure, operative time, patient acceptance, and healthcare costs. Data were analysed statistically using the chi-square test (P < 0.05 was considered significant) and Student's t-test. Technical failure occurred in 2 PSP patients (8%) and in 4 CCD patients (16%) (P = 0.663; chi 2 = 0.189). Mean operative time was 40 min in PSP (range: 35-70 min) and 50 in CCD (range: 35-60 min) (p = 0.108, T = -1.64). Patients were requested to define the pain experiences as a result of the operation as mild, moderate or severe: 23 PSP patients reported mild to moderate pain (92% of cases), and 2 patients severe pain (8%). The same figures were obtained in the CCD group, i.e. 23 (92%) and 2 (8%) patients, respectively (P = 0.377; chi 2 = 0.781). In our institute both types of implant cost $1260; in the case of PSP there is an additional cost of $120 for postoperative chest x-rays, making a total cost of $1380 per implant. The data of this randomised trial show that the implantation of a totally implantable vascular access device is a surgical procedure with a limited rate of morbidity in both cephalic vein cut-down and subclavian vein percutaneous puncture, with no statistically significant difference between the two in terms of associated morbidity, technical failure, operative time and patient acceptance.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239758/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12239758
|
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] |
12,239,942 |
Effects of 5-isosorbide mononitrate and propranolol on subclinical hepatic encephalopathy and renal function in patients with liver cirrhosis.
|
Silva Guillermo G, Segovia Roberto R, Ponce Rodrigo R, Backhouse Claudia C, Palma Mariana M, Roblero Juan Pablo JP, Abadal José J, Quijada Carmen C, Troncoso Mónica M, Iturriaga Hernán H
|
Hepato-gastroenterology . Vol. 49, No. 47
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: In patients with cirrhosis pharmacological treatment of portal hypertension using beta-blockers and vasodilators has raised concerns for its potential deleterious effects on renal function and encephalopathy. To clarify this issue we evaluated the effects of propranolol and 5-isosorbide mononitrate or both on subclinical hepatic encephalopathy and renal function in a prospective randomized double-blinded study. METHODOLOGY: Thirty patients Child-Pugh A or B, with esophageal varices, normal renal function and non-previous pharmacological treatment were studied. After a basal period, patients received during 4 weeks 5-isosorbide mononitrate (80 mg/day) or placebo. In the next 4 weeks, propranolol was added to both groups. At baseline and at the end of each study period we assessed: renal function tests; plasma renin activity and aldosterone; subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (electroencephalograms, visual evoked potentials and psychometric studies). Mean arterial pressure, cardiac output (echo-Doppler) and indocyanine green retention were also measured. RESULTS: The most common alterations at baseline were increased arterial ammonia levels (85%), abnormal indocyanine green retention (75%), abnormal trail making B (44%), decreased inulin clearance (30%) and high plasma renin activity (27%). After 4 weeks of 5-isosorbide mononitrate or placebo no significant changes were observed in any variable. Five out of 14 patients receiving 5-isosorbide mononitrate were withdrawn due to side effects. The addition of propranolol decreased significantly plasma renin activity in both groups and cardiac output in those receiving 5-isosorbide mononitrate but did not change other variables. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with compensated or slightly decompensated liver cirrhosis 5-isosorbide mononitrate, propranolol or the association of both did not produce detectable worsening of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy or renal function.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239942/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12239942
|
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] |
12,239,969 |
Billroth I versus Billroth II versus Roux-en-Y after subtotal gastrectomy. Prospective [correction of prespective] randomized study.
|
Montesani Chiara C, D'Amato Alberto A, Santella Sergio S, Pronio Annamaria A, Giovannini Cristiano C, Cristaldi Mario M, Ribotta Giorgio G
|
Hepato-gastroenterology . Vol. 49, No. 47
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate functional results after Billroth I, Billroth II and Roux-en-Y reconstruction in subtotal gastrectomy. METHODOLOGY: Forty-five patients were randomized between 1990 and 1995 and stratified in 3 different groups: 15 BI, 15 BII and 15 Roux. They were investigated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy with multiple biopsies and upper gastrointestinal scintiscanning, to evaluate gastroesophageal reflux and dynamics of gastric emptying. They also answered a questionnaire: Gastrointestinal Quality of Life. Index. RESULTS: A reflux esophagitis was found in 5 BI, in 7 BII and in 2 Roux (p < 0.001). No gastric lesions were found in 6 BI, in 5 BII and in 12 Roux, (BI vs. Y, p < 0.05; BII vs. Y, p < 0.001). Chronic superficial gastritis was present in 9 BI, in 4 BII and in 3 Roux (BI vs. Y, p < 0.05). Dynamic scintiscan demonstrated the presence of gastroesophageal reflux in 5 BI and gastric emptying was fast (37' < T 1/2 < 86'), but incomplete (60' residual activity: 49-62%). Gastroesophageal reflux was evident in 7 BII with slow (28' < T 1/2 < 143') and incomplete (60' residual activity: 48-72%) gastric emptying. Gastroesophageal reflux was detected in 2 Roux and radioactive bolus progression in the Roux limb was fast (24' < T 1/2 < 53') and complete (60' residual activity: 42-52%) (BI vs. Y; BII vs. Y, p < 0.001). There was no statistical significance between Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index score in the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: The Authors affirm that Roux-en-Y is the technique of choice in subtotal gastrectomy, if compared with BI and BII.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12239969/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12239969
|
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12,240,499 |
The effects of aromatherapy on pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
|
Ro You-Ja YJ, Ha Hyae-Chung HC, Kim Chun-Gill CG, Yeom Hye-A HA
|
Dermatology nursing . Vol. 14, No. 4, 2002 Aug
|
This study was designed to investigate the effects of aromatherapy on pruritus in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. The participants were 29 adult patients living in Seoul, Korea. Thirteen patients were assigned to the experimental group and received the aromatherapy massage on the arm 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Pruritus score, skin pH, stratum corneum hydration, and pruritus-related biochemical markers were measured before and after the treatment. The results showed that pruritus score was significantly decreased after aromatherapy. Skin pH showed no significant changes in either group while stratum corneum hydration increased significantly in the experimental group after aromatherapy. The results support the use aromatherapy as a useful and effective method of managing pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240499/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240499
|
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] |
12,240,516 |
Written and computerized care plans. Organizational processes and effect on patient outcomes.
|
Daly Jeanette M JM, Buckwalter Kathleen K, Maas Meridean M
|
Journal of gerontological nursing . Vol. 28, No. 9, 2002 Sep
|
The purpose of this study was to determine how use of a standardized nomenclature for nursing diagnosis and intervention statements on the computerized nursing care plan in a long-term care (LTC) facility would affect patient outcomes, as well as organizational processes and outcomes. An experimental design was used to compare the effects of two methods of documentation: Computer care plan and paper care plan. Twenty participants (10 in each group) were randomly assigned to either group. No statistically significant differences were found by group for demographic data. Repeated measures ANOVA was computed for each of the study variables with type of care plan, written or computerized, as the independent variable. There were no statistically significant differences between participants, group (care plan), within subjects (across time), or interaction (group and time) effects for the dependent variables: Level of care, activities of daily living, perception of pain, cognitive abilities, number of medications, number of bowel medications, number of constipation episodes, weight, percent of meals eaten, and incidence of alteration in skin integrity. There were significantly more nursing interventions and activities on the computerized care plan, although this care plan took longer to develop at each of the three time periods. Results from this study suggest that use of a computerized plan of care increases the number of documented nursing activities and interventions, but further research is warranted to determine if this potential advantage can be translated into improved patient and organizational outcomes in the long-term care setting.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240516/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12240516
|
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] |
12,240,546 |
Immunohistochemically detected p53 mutations in epithelial tumors and results of treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A treatment-specific overview of the clinical data.
|
Thames Howard D HD, Petersen Cordula C, Petersen Sven S, Nieder Carsten C, Baumann Michael M
|
Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] . Vol. 178, No. 8, 2002 Aug
|
BACKGROUND: The aim was to ascertain whether many hundreds of clinical reports over the last decade are consistent with the prediction of a poorer outcome in cancer patients with p53 abnormalities treated with cytotoxic drugs and radiation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: There are 301 studies on the influence of p53 overexpression published through summer 2000, in which chemotherapy or radiotherapy was used alone or in combination with surgery. From 45 reports meeting stringent selection rules, comparison groups are identified in whom the same measure of outcome was reported for the same treatment applied to the same tumor, with results corrected for important prognostic factors. Metaanalysis techniques are then applied to the comparison groups. Attention was limited to reports using immunohistochemical techniques, to form comparison groups of sufficient size. RESULTS: Four comparison groups were identified by treatment and endpoint: 1) Stage I-III breast cancer (surgery and chemotherapy, disease-free survival, seven studies); 2) stage I-III breast cancer (surgery and chemotherapy, overall survival, six studies); 3) stage II-IV head and neck cancer (radiotherapy and chemotherapy, overall survival, five studies); 4) FIGO I-IV ovarian cancer (surgery and chemotherapy, overall survival, six studies). In the breast (disease-free survival) and ovarian (overall survival) comparison groups, the hazard ratio for a deleterious effect of p53 overexpression was significant or marginally significant, depending on assumed ranges for unreported hazard ratios in non-significant studies. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the many caveats related to metaanalysis applied to retrospective data, high variability of immunohistochemical technique, etc., a nearly significant negative effect of p53 overexpression on outcome of treatment with cytotoxic drugs and radiation emerges in the few studies where heterogeneity can be sufficiently reduced or accounted for.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240546/
|
[
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Meta-Analysis",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.",
"Review"
] |
12240546
|
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] |
12,240,567 |
Forearm bone non-union and its management.
|
Chirstos Chernet G CG
|
Ethiopian medical journal . Vol. 40, No. 1, 2002 Jan
|
A total of 125 patients with forearm (radio-ulnar) bone compound fractures resulting from missile injuries were examined 8 to 16 weeks after the time of injury with the objective of finding out the rate and causes of non-union. Initial management in each case was circular POP with windows for wound care or posterior slabs made of POP, Cramer-wire, or wood at random. Out of these, 22 (17.5%) patients had non-union. All were male, mean age 26 years, in good nutritional state and no underlying chronic illnesses found on routine examination. Fourteen had ulnar bone and 8 radial bone non-union. Four of the patients with ulnar non-union had both radio-ulnar fracture. All 22 patients had haematocrit values > 30%, had no associated injury and none had vascular injury at site of wounding. Seven (32%) had wound infection. All wounds healed within 2-4 weeks after injury. Diagnosis of non-union was made by clinical examination and x-rays of the forearm. All the 22 cases were operated on under general anaesthesia and exploration revealed that 18 had bone defects ranging from 1 cm to 5 cm, 2 had soft tissue interposition and 2 had failure of reduction as the obvious cause of non-union. Cancellous, slivered iliac bone grafts were made in all cases to bridge gaps and induce osteogenesis. Stabilization was made by rush-pins used as intramedullary nails in 12 cases in addition to either long or short arm plaster of paris casts in all cases. There was no post-operative infection including the donor site and all had well healed wounds and good union 8-10 weeks later. Bone defect is the most common cause of non-union of forearm bone fractures resulting from missile injury and early slivered cancellous bone graft is effective in the treatment of non-union.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240567/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240567
|
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12,240,572 |
A randomized clinical trial of the success rates of bilamellar tarsal rotation and tarsotomy for upper eyelid trachomatous trichiasis.
|
Adamu Yilikal Y, Alemayehu Wondu W
|
Ethiopian medical journal . Vol. 40, No. 2, 2002 Apr
|
A randomized clinical trial study was conducted to compare the success rates of two surgical methods: Bilamellar Tarsal Rotation (BTR) and Tarsotomy (Transverse Tarsotomy and lid margin Rotation = TTR) for trachomatous trichiasis of the upper lid; where success was defined as no lash/eyeball contact in all positions of gaze, complete lid closure, no under or over correction. The study was conducted at Minellik II Hospital, Addis Ababa. Two hundred fifty six upper eyelids of 153 patients with entropion/trichiasis related to trachoma were enrolled in the two groups. Patients were randomly allocated for the BTR (124) and TTR (132) procedures. Out of these, 237 (92.6%) came for the third month follow-up. One hundred fifteen (48.5%) lids underwent BTR and the remaining 122 (51.5%) underwent TTR. In total, from 141 patients who came for the last follow up, 109 (77.3%) were females. BTR procedure was found to be successful in 25 (86.2%) of the eyelids with minor trichiasis and 74 (86.0%) of those with major trichiasis; the difference between patients who had had minor and major trichiasis (X2 = 0.08, P = 0.772) was not statistically significant. TTR was successful in 39 (95.1%) of the eyelids with minor trichiasis and 68 (84.0%) of those with major trichiasis, again no statistically significant difference was observed for minor and major trichiasis (X2 = 3.15, P = 0.379). There was no statistically significant difference in recurrence between BTR and TTR (X2 = 0.14, P = 0.711). Complications such as lid-notching, pyogenic granuloma, etc. were observed more in BTR than in TTR and this was statistically significant (X2 = 9.54, P = 0.002). In conclusion, the results show that TTR is equally successful in minor and major trichiasis and has fewer complications than BTR at three months of follow-up.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240572/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12240572
|
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] |
12,240,663 |
Effect of positive and negative emotion on stimulus-preceding negativity prior to feedback stimuli.
|
Kotani Y Y, Hiraku S S, Suda K K, Aihara Y Y
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN) was recorded to investigate the effect of positive and negative emotion on the SPN preceding feedback stimuli. In the time-estimation task in which an acoustic stimulus was presented 3 s after a voluntary movement, (1) the negative valence (aversive band noise and pure tone) and (2) the positive valence (reward and no-reward) of feedback stimuli were manipulated. During noise conditions, participants received the band noise as a feedback stimulus except when their time estimations were accurate. They received a monetary reward for accurate time estimations under the reward conditions. The prefeedback SPN was larger under reward than no-reward conditions. In addition, the prefeedback SPN in the noise condition was larger compared with the pure tone condition. Our results appear to suggest that emotional anticipation is important in eliciting the prefeedback SPN.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240663/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240663
|
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] |
12,240,662 |
Cardiovascular and endocrine reactivity in older females: intertask consistency.
|
Hawkley L C LC, Burleson M H MH, Poehlmann K M KM, Berntson G G GG, Malarkey W B WB, Cacioppo J T JT
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Age-related structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular, sympathoadrenomedullary (SAM), and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) systems may affect the ability to reliably identify individual differences in response to stress. Heart rate, preejection period, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, respiratory rate, norepinephrine, epinephrine, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol were assessed in 64 healthy older women (mean = 67 years) in response to a mental arithmetic and public-speaking task. All cardiovascular and endocrine measures changed significantly during the tasks. All measures were consistent across the two tasks (r(s)s = .50 to .97). Moreover, a majority of women in this sample exhibited cross-task consistency in the relative activation of the autonomic, SAM, and HPA systems (i.e., response profiles). Further research is recommended to examine the significance of consistent individual differences in response profile.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240662/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240662
|
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] |
12,240,664 |
Comparison of hemodynamic responses to social and nonsocial stress: evaluation of an anger interview.
|
Prkachin K M KM, Mills D E DE, Zwaal C C, Husted J J
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Hemodynamic responses to an anger interview and cognitive and physical stressors were compared, and the stability of associated hemodynamic reactions examined. Participants experienced control, handgrip, counting, and mental arithmetic tests and an anger interview on two occasions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output were measured. Total peripheral resistance was also derived. The anger interview produced larger, more sustained changes in blood pressure in both sessions than the other stressors. These changes were largely a consequence of increased peripheral resistance. Consistent with previous findings, handgrip was associated with a resistance-type reaction whereas arithmetic was associated with a cardiac output-type reaction. There was low-to-modest stability of hemodynamic reactions to the interview. Further research is necessary to optimize its utility in studies of cardiovascular function. Nevertheless, the findings underscore the ability of ecologically relevant stressors to provoke unique configurations of cardiovascular activity.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240664/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240664
|
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12,240,665 |
Hypoalgesic effect of caffeine in normotensive men and women.
|
Keogh E E, Witt G G
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Evidence from both hypertensive and normotensive individuals indicate that elevated blood pressure is associated with decreased pain sensitivity. The current study sought to experimentally raise blood pressure using 250 mg caffeine, and investigate its effects on the cold pressor pain experiences of 25 men and 25 women. In a placebo-controlled repeated-measures experiment, caffeine increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as producing more clearheaded and energetic feelings. Caffeine produced higher pain threshold and pain tolerance levels compared to placebo, and women had a lower tolerance to pain than men. Finally, a significant association was found between caffeine-related increase in systolic blood pressure and caffeine-related increase in pain tolerance. Furthermore, this association was the strongest in women. These results are discussed in light of future directions for pain and hypertension research.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240665/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240665
|
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] |
12,240,666 |
Selective attention and response inhibition alter phase-dependent cardiac slowing.
|
van der Veen F M FM, van der Molen M W MW, Jennings J R JR
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
This study examined the effects of visual selective attention and stimulus discriminability on phasic heart rate changes. Grating stimuli consisting of four vertical bars were presented left or right from fixation. Participants attended to one side of the screen and responded with a button press to attended target stimuli that were defined by shorter middle bars. Stimulus discriminability was manipulated by increasing the length of the middle bars of targets. To examine the time course of response inhibition, participants had to respond to auditory probe stimuli that were presented occasionally and unpredictably at varying intervals following the visual stimulus. Responses to targets and probes following attended nontargets were slower in the difficult condition. Heart rate slowed in anticipation of a target and accelerated back to baseline afterwards. Phase-dependent cardiac slowing was larger for attended nontargets compared to unattended nontargets and was more pronounced in the difficult condition. These findings were interpreted vis-à-vis inhibition accounts of phase-dependent cardiac slowing.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240666/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240666
|
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] |
12,240,667 |
Cross-modal warning effects on reflexive and voluntary reactions.
|
Zeigler B L BL, Graham F K FK, Hackley S A SA
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Previous research has shown that warning signals can speed the onset of the startle-blink reflex. To relate this phenomenon to warning effects on voluntary reaction time (RT), the latencies of both reflexive and voluntary responses were measured for nine factorial combinations of warning and reflexogenic stimulus modalities. Previous failures to use factorial manipulations of warning (S1) and reaction (S2) stimulus modalities have led to conflicting results in both the reflex and RT literatures. Using psychophysically matched warning signals, we found a facilitation of reflex latency that was nonspecific with regard to S1 and S2 modality. Furthermore, there was no support for the widely held assumption that visual stimuli are inherently less alerting than auditory and cutaneous stimuli. A between-group comparison showed that simultaneous voluntary reactions do not distort the reflex facilitation effect. These results support the validity of reflex facilitation as a simple model system for studying warning effects on sensorimotor reactions.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240667/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240667
|
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12,240,668 |
Voluntary facial expression and hemispheric asymmetry over the frontal cortex.
|
Coan J A JA, Allen J J JJ, Harmon-Jones E E
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Brain activity was monitored while 36 participants produced facial configurations denoting anger, disgust, fear, joy, and sadness. EEG alpha power was analyzed during each facial pose, with facial conditions grouped according to the approach/withdrawal motivational model of emotion. This model suggests that "approach" emotions are associated with relatively greater left frontal brain activity whereas "withdrawal" emotions are associated with relatively greater right frontal brain activity. In the context of a bilateral decrease in activation, facial poses of emotions in the withdrawal condition resulted in relatively less left frontal activation in the lateral-frontal, midfrontal and frontal-temporal-central region, but not in the parietal region, as predicted. Findings in the approach condition were less consistently supportive of predictions of the approach/withdrawal model. Implications for the approach/withdrawal model and for the emotion eliciting potential of voluntary facial movement are discussed.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240668/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S."
] |
12240668
|
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] |
12,240,669 |
Neural substrates for visual perceptual grouping in humans.
|
Han S S, Song Y Y, Ding Y Y, Yund E W EW, Woods D L DL
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Two experiments investigated the neural mechanisms of Gestalt grouping by recording high-density event-related brain potentials (ERPs) during discrimination tasks. In Experiment 1, stimulus arrays contained luminance-defined local elements that were either evenly spaced or grouped into columns or rows based on either proximity or similarity of shape. Proximity grouping was indexed by a short-latency positivity (110-120 ms) over the medial occipital cortex and a subsequent right occipitoparietal negativity. Grouping by similarity was reflected only in a long-latency occipitotemporal negativity. In Experiment 2, proximity grouping was examined when local elements were defined by motion cues, and was again associated with a medial occipital positivity. However, the subsequent long-latency negativity was now enhanced over the left posterior areas. The implications of these results to the neural substrates subserving different grouping processes are discussed.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240669/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240669
|
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] |
12,240,670 |
Differential conditioning to facial emotional expressions: effects of hemispheric asymmetries and CS identification.
|
Peper M M, Karcher S S
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Previous studies on aversive learning have suggested a right hemispheric advantage for eliciting autonomic reactions to a masked conditioned facial stimulus (CS) depicting anger. The present study investigated the effects of visual field (VF), stimulus awareness, and emotional valence of the CSs on indicators of conditioning (bilateral SCRs, HR) using a differential conditioning paradigm (N = 41). In Group 1, four different negatively valenced facial expressions (CS+) but not four positively valenced CS- were associated with an unconditioned stimulus (US, aversive vocalization, 97 dB, 3 s) during acquisition. Group 2 received a treatment reversal with positive CS+ associated with the US. In a repeated measures design, CSs were presented with or without awareness during extinction (two weeks interval, order counterbalanced). SOAs were adapted for each subject and condition prior to the experiment so that identification performance was approaching chance level. The results revealed that both negative and positive facial expressions could be aversively conditioned providing evidence for a generalization of learning in the valence dimension. During extinction, preattentive negative CS+ presented to the left VF showed a trend towards greater electrodermal and cardiac reactions. However, no such effect emerged under full awareness of the CSs. These results confirm and further specify the nature of hemispheric asymmetries in emotional associative learning.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240670/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240670
|
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] |
12,240,672 |
Hyperventilation beyond fight/flight: respiratory responses during emotional imagery.
|
Van Diest I I, Winters W W, Devriese S S, Vercamst E E, Han J N JN, Van de Woestijne K P KP, Van den Bergh O O
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Hyperventilation (HV) is often considered part of a defense response, implying an unpleasant emotion (negative valence) combined with a strong action tendency (high arousal). In this study, we investigated the importance of arousal and valence as triggers for HV responses. Forty women imagined eight different scripts varying along the arousal and valence dimensions. The scripts depicted relaxation, fear, depressive, action, and desire situations. After each trial, the imagery was rated for valence, arousal, and vividness. FetCO2, inspiratory and expiratory time, tidal volume, and pulse rate were measured in a nonintrusive way. FetCO2 drops and decreases in inspiratory and expiratory time occurred in all but the depressive and the relaxation scripts, suggesting that a defense conceptualization of hyperventilation is not always appropriate.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240672/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240672
|
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] |
12,240,671 |
Piecewise latent growth curve modeling of systolic blood pressure reactivity and recovery from the cold pressor test.
|
Llabre M M MM, Spitzer S B SB, Saab P G PG, Schneiderman N N
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Latent growth curve methodology was used to model systolic blood pressure reactivity and recovery from the cold pressor test. A piecewise regression approach permitted the separate but simultaneous modeling of the two components (reactivity and recovery) of the stress process. Data came from a study of 99 participants classified on the basis of gender, ethnicity, and family history of hypertension. Their systolic blood pressure was assessed at rest, during the cold pressor test, and during a task recovery period. A measure of task appraisal and readings from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring during a workday were also examined. The article illustrates a step-by-step approach to modeling reactivity and recovery. Results indicated that both reactivity and recovery were associated with subsequent systolic blood pressure at work.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240671/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240671
|
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] |
12,240,673 |
The detection of constancy amidst change in children: a dissociation of preattentive and intentional processing.
|
Molholm S S, Gomes H H, Ritter W W
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
This study examined whether 7-9-year-old children preattentively build memories of constancy for individual stimulus features, and if these representations are affected by variability of other stimulus features. This was achieved by looking at the mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential to a duration deviant occurring in a stimulus environment in which one or two other features constantly changed. Performance data were also collected, to look at the correspondence between the effects of this manipulation on preattentive and intentional deviance detection. MMN data indicated that the children built a preattentive feature-based memory of constancy that was not affected by the number of varying features. In contrast, intentional deviance detection was considerably impaired by the introduction of feature variability. This dissociation is at variance with previous studies that usually report close association between MMN and behavior.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240673/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240673
|
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] |
12,240,674 |
Effects of rapid versus slow accumulation of eight hours of sleep loss.
|
Drake C L CL, Roehrs T A TA, Burduvali E E, Bonahoom A A, Rosekind M M, Roth T T
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
The present study assessed alertness, memory, and performance following three schedules of approximately 8 hr of sleep loss (slow, intermediate, and rapid accumulation) in comparison to an 8-hr time in bed (TIB) sleep schedule. Twelve healthy individuals aged 21-35 completed each of four conditions according to a Latin Square design: no sleep loss (8-hr TIB for 4 nights; 2300-0700), slow (6-hr TIB for 4 nights; 0100-0700), intermediate (4-hr TIB for 2 nights; 0300-0700), and rapid (0-hr TIB for 1 night) sleep loss. On each day, participants completed a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), a probed-recall memory task, a psychomotor vigilance task, a divided attention task, and the Profile of Mood States. "Rapid" sleep loss produced significantly more impairment on tests of alertness, memory, and performance compared to the "slow" accumulation of a comparable amount of sleep loss. The impairing effects of sleep loss vary as a function of rate, suggesting the presence of a compensatory adaptive mechanism operating in conjunction with the accumulation of a sleep debt.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240674/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240674
|
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12,240,676 |
The n-back as a dual-task: P300 morphology under divided attention.
|
Watter S S, Geffen G M GM, Geffen L B LB
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
The n-back task was hypothesized to be a dual task, permitting the imposition of parametrically increasing attentional and working memory demands, while keeping constant the demands of an embedded matching subtask. Visual targets were presented for 200 ms every 2.2 s at pseudorandomly varying positions on a computer screen. Participants were required to remember the most recent 0, 1, 2, or 3 positions and responded with a choice button push to whether the current target position matched the position presented n items previously. P300 peak latency was constant across n-back tasks, reflecting constant perceptual and cognitive demands of the matching subtask. P300 peak amplitude decreased with increasing memory load, reflecting reallocation of attention and processing capacity away from the matching subtask to working memory activity. These data support a dual-task nature of the n-back, which should be considered when employing this paradigm.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240676/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240676
|
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] |
12,240,675 |
Breast-feeding and maternal cardiovascular function.
|
Mezzacappa E S ES, Kelsey R M RM, Myers M M MM, Katkin E S ES
|
Psychophysiology . Vol. 38, No. 6, 2001 Nov
|
Two studies examined the effects of breast-feeding on maternal cardiovascular function. In the first experiment, groups of breast-feeding and bottle-feeding women were compared on preejection period (PEP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) recorded for 1-min periods before and during standard laboratory stressors. Compared with bottle-feeders, breast-feeders had higher CO throughout the session, and greater decreases in CO and increases in TPR during cold pressor. In the second experiment, HR and blood pressure (BP) were compared before and after one breast-feeding and one bottle-feeding session in a within-subjects design. Both feeding methods increased BP but decreased HR, and systolic BP was higher for the breast-feeding than the bottle-feeding condition. Both studies support the notion that breast-feeding alters maternal cardiovascular function, possibly through the actions of oxytocin.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240675/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240675
|
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] |
12,240,738 |
The relationship of subcortical MRI hyperintensities and brain volume to cognitive function in vascular dementia.
|
Cohen Ronald A RA, Paul Robert H RH, Ott Brian R BR, Moser David J DJ, Zawacki Tricia M TM, Stone William W, Gordon Norman N
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
The relationship between MRI findings (i.e., subcortical hyperintensities; SH, whole brain volume) and the cognitive dysfunction of vascular dementia (VaD) was examined. Participants included 24 persons that met NINDS-AIREN criteria for VaD (MMSE = 19.9 +/- 4.2) and underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and MRI brain imaging. The volume of subcortical hyperintensities (SH) was strongly associated with executive-psychomotor performance, but not with performance across other cognitive domains or global cognitive functional level. Conversely, WBV was strongly associated with global cognitive functioning and performance across most cognitive domains (memory, language, visual integration), but not with executive-psychomotor functioning. The failure of SH to account for either the global dementia evident in these VaD patients or impairments across most cognitive domains suggests that deep subcortical white matter disease may only indirectly contribute to the global cognitive dysfunction of VaD. That WBV emerged as a stronger correlate of dementia raises further questions regarding the cerebral mechanisms that contribute to the development of VaD.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240738/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240738
|
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] |
12,240,737 |
Neural basis of the Stroop interference task: response competition or selective attention?
|
Mead Larissa A LA, Mayer Andrew R AR, Bobholz Julie A JA, Woodley Scott J SJ, Cunningham Joseph M JM, Hammeke Thomas A TA, Rao Stephen M SM
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Previous neuroimaging studies of the Stroop task have postulated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a critical role in resolution of the Stroop interference condition. However, activation of the ACC is not invariably seen and appears to depend on a variety of methodological factors, including the degree of response conflict and response expectancies. The present functional MRI study was designed to identify those brain areas critically involved in the interference condition. Healthy subjects underwent a blocked-trial design fMRI experiment while responding to 1 of 3 stimulus conditions: (1) incongruent color words, (2) congruent color words, and (3) color-neutral words. Subjects responded to the printed color of the word via a manual response. Compared to the congruent and neutral conditions, the incongruent condition produced significant activation within the left inferior precentral sulcus (IpreCS) located on the border between the inferior frontal gyrus, pars opercularis (BA 44) and the ventral premotor region (BA 6). Significant deactivations in the rostral component of the ACC and the posterior cingulate gyrus were also observed. Selective activation of the left IpreCS is compatible with findings from previous neuroimaging, lesion, electrophysiological, and behavioral studies and is presumably related to the mediation of competing articulatory demands during the interference condition.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240737/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240737
|
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] |
12,240,739 |
Olfactory event-related potentials in Alzheimer's disease.
|
Morgan Charlie D CD, Murphy Claire C
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Areas of the brain affected in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease are also areas heavily involved in the processing of olfactory information. Olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) and auditory ERPs were recorded from the Fz, Cz, and Pz electrode sites in 12 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and 12 age and gender matched normal controls (NC) in a single-stimulus paradigm with a 45 s inter-trial interval, using amyl acetate as the olfactory stimulus, and in a separate session a 500 Hz tone as the auditory stimulus. Odor identification (ID) was also used to assess ability to identify odors. The results indicate that (1) OERP P2 and P3 latencies were significantly longer in AD patients than normal controls; (2) olfactory ERP latency measures correlated significantly with dementia status as measured by the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS), indicating that as participants performed more poorly on the DRS, reflecting increased dementia, OERP latencies increased; (3) olfactory ERP latency measures better differentiated AD patients from normal controls than auditory ERP latency measures; (4) olfactory ERP measures alone correctly classified up to 92% of participants; (5) odor ID measures, namely the UPSIT and San Diego-Odor-ID tests also classified participants at a high rate. Combining scores for odor identification with olfactory P3 latency measures resulted in a correct classification rate of 100%. The results strongly support the use of olfactory measures in the assessment of AD.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240739/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240739
|
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] |
12,240,740 |
Noun and verb retrieval in healthy aging.
|
Mackay Anna I AI, Connor Lisa Tabor LT, Albert Martin L ML, Obler Loraine K LK
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
This study tests the hypothesis that retrieval of object and action names declines at different rates with age. Uncued and cued performance on the Boston Naming Test (BNT) and the Action Naming Test (ANT) were examined for 171 individuals from 50 to 88 years old. To control for differences in item difficulty, a subset of items from each of the two tests was selected for which uncued performance was equivalent in individuals in their 50s. With this matched set of items, differences in action and object naming were tested in the 60s and 70+ age groups. Although age-related decline in name retrieval was observed for both the BNT and the ANT subsets, no differences between object and action retrieval were found. Our results, thus, do not confirm previous studies reporting that object names and action names are differentially retrieved with aging. We discuss these new findings in relation to evidence of dissociations in object and action naming in brain-damaged individuals.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240740/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240740
|
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] |
12,240,741 |
The application of "dysexecutive syndrome" measures across cultures: performance and checklist assessment in neurologically healthy and traumatically brain-injured Hong Kong Chinese volunteers.
|
Chan Raymond C K RC, Manly Tom T
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Deficits in planning, self-regulation and attention are a relatively common consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Such "dysexecutive" deficits tend to be most exposed in complex, real world situations. Consequently, clinicians often have to rely on interviews, questionnaires and observation in their assessments. While there is little doubt that dysexecutive symptoms occur across different cultures, the expression of those symptoms, the way in which they are experienced by others, and the propensity of friends/relatives to report negative features may vary considerably. The cross-cultural use of standardized checklists and measures that have predominantly been studied with English speaking, Western groups therefore requires empirical support. Here a group of 68 healthy Chinese speaking volunteers were asked to complete translations of 2 UK developed questionnaires (the Dysexecutive Questionnaire and Cognitive Failures Questionnaire) measures and to perform 2 "executive" tasks (The Six Elements Test and the Tower of Hanoi). Their self ratings and the ratings of close relatives were very close to those seen in the original UK standardization samples--as was their performance on the 2 tasks. Accordingly, the conditions for assessing their clinical sensitivity were met. Comparison between 30 Chinese patients with TBI and matched controls showed that both questionnaires and tests were sensitive to the deficits in this group.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240741/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240741
|
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] |
12,240,742 |
Neuropsychological functioning in a cohort of HIV infected women: importance of antiretroviral therapy.
|
Richardson Jean L JL, Martin Eileen M EM, Jimenez Nora N, Danley Kathleen K, Cohen Mardge M, Carson Valorie L VL, Sinclair Barbara B, Racenstein J Meg JM, Reed Robyn A RA, Levine Alexandra M AM
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
We evaluated neurocognitive function in 149 HIV-seropositive and 82 seronegative women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), a large multi-center study of disease progression in women living with HIV/AIDS. We evaluated the prevalence of abnormal neuropsychological (NP) test findings in HIV-seropositive and seronegative women and factors associated with increased risk of abnormal NP test performance. Risk of NP impairment was no higher for HIV positive women receiving antiretroviral therapy at testing than for HIV-negative women (OR = 1.00). However, the risk of abnormal NP performance increased significantly for seropositive women not receiving antiretroviral therapy (OR = 2.43). Further, treatment status was a significant predictor of NP impairment in a multivariate analysis that included viral load (OR = 1.48) and CD4 count (OR = 1.08) which were not significant. The multivariate analyses controlled for substance use, age, education, head injury, ethnicity, estimated IQ, and psychological distress. This study emphasizes the critical association of antiretroviral therapy with the risk of neurocognitive impairment in women living with HIV/AIDS.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240742/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Multicenter Study",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240742
|
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] |
12,240,743 |
Immediate versus sustained processing in schizophrenia.
|
Salo Ruth R, Henik Avishai A, Nordahl Thomas E TE, Robertson Lynn C LC
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
A Stroop negative priming (NP) task was used to assess immediate selective attention and priming in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Subject groups were comprised of 12 state hospital inpatients (41.8 +/- 7.5 years of age), 11 outpatients (39.8 +/- 7.5 years of age), and 16 controls (36.4 +/- 11.7 years of age). Compared with the control group and the outpatients, inpatients failed to exhibit NP [F(2,36) = 6.09, p < .01], despite exhibiting equivalent Stroop RT interference (p > .05). Error rates did not differ significantly between the 3 groups. Although medication types and dosages were similar between the 2 patient groups, length of illness was significantly longer in the inpatients (19.8 years) than in the outpatients (12.4 years; p < .05). Positive symptom ratings were also significantly higher in the inpatients. The finding of reduced NP in the state hospital patients appears to be related to severity of symptomatology and chronicity of illness.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240743/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240743
|
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] |
12,240,744 |
Sex difference in geographical knowledge: driving experience is not essential.
|
Beatty William W WW
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
When required to locate places on outline maps, males consistently perform more accurately than females. This sex difference in geographical knowledge has been observed in samples throughout the United States, in all age ranges examined from the second to the 9th decade of life and in samples differing in average education level from high school to postgraduate degrees. Both males and females appear to acquire geographical knowledge during surface travel through the environment. The information acquired during everyday travel is apparently integrated into topographic representations that comprise a cognitive map. This process is less efficient in females probably because they attend to and remember more about landmarks and less about distance and directional cues than do males. To examine the importance of driving experience on the ability to locate places on an outline map of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area, adolescents who were too young to drive and older persons with varying amounts of experience traveling in the metropolitan area were studied. In the present study the magnitude of the sex difference in accuracy, though not the absolute level of performance, was similar in groups of people too young to drive and in younger and older drivers. Hence, the sex difference in geographical knowledge cannot be the product of differences in driving that may exist between males and females.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240744/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240744
|
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] |
12,240,746 |
Stroop effect in Spanish-English bilinguals.
|
Rosselli Mónica M, Ardila Alfredo A, Santisi Mirtha N MN, Arecco María Del Rosario Mdel R, Salvatierra Judy J, Conde Alejandra A, Lenis Bonie B
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of Spanish-English bilinguals on the Golden Stroop Test. The effects of bilingualism, participants' age, age of acquisition of the second language, and proficiency in each language were analyzed. Participants consisted of 71 Spanish-English bilinguals, 40 English monolinguals, and 11 Spanish monolinguals from South Florida. Proficiency in Spanish and English was established using a self-report questionnaire and the English and Spanish versions of the Boston Naming Test. In bilinguals, the Golden Stroop Test was administered in English and in Spanish. Overall, performance was slower in bilinguals than in monolinguals. No significant differences were observed in color reading but bilinguals performed worse in the naming color condition. Even though bilinguals were 5% to 10% slower in the color-word condition, one-way ANOVAs revealed no statistically significant differences between groups. Within the bilingual group, the Stroop Test scores were similar in both English and Spanish. Age of acquisition of the second language did not predict the Stroop Test performance. Repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated a significant interaction between Language Proficiency x Language (in which the test was administered) in some of the ST conditions. In balanced bilinguals, the language used in the ST did not matter, but in unbalanced subjects, the best-spoken language showed better results. In addition, our results support the presence of both between- and within-language interference in Spanish-English bilinguals. Different conceptualization models of the structure of bilingual memory are disclosed.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240746/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240746
|
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] |
12,240,747 |
Effect of mild head injury on event-related potential correlates of Stroop task performance.
|
Potter Douglas D DD, Jory Susan H SH, Bassett Martin R A MR, Barrett Kenneth K, Mychalkiw Wasyl W
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
The effect of mild head injury on event-related potential (ERP) correlates of Stroop task performance was explored with the aim of further elucidating the basis of processing impairments after mild head injury. Computer- and card-based Stroop tasks were employed to assess attention function. A sequence of incongruent color words were presented followed by a sequence of congruent color words (printed in congruent colors). Control performance was equivalent on computer- and card-based versions of the incongruent task and faster on the congruent card task than the preceding congruent computer task. The mild head injury group were as fast as controls on the computer-based task but made more errors. However, they were relatively slower on both the congruent and incongruent parts of the card-based task and made more errors in the incongruent task. ERP correlates of computer-based Stroop task performance suggested a greater allocation of attention resources in the incongruent condition in both groups in the form of relatively greater negativity in the latency range 350 to 450 ms with a distribution consistent with the activation of the anterior cingulate gyrus. In addition the mild head injured group showed relatively greater enhancement than the control group in this latency range in both congruent and incongruent conditions. There was, however no evidence of reduced amplitude P1, N1, N2, or P3b deflections. Trails, digit symbol, digit span and auditory verbal learning tests (AVLT) were also administered. Mild head injured participants were impaired only on the AVLT. The finding of greater ERP negativity in the mild head injured group is consistent with greater allocation of attention resources to achieve equivalent performance in the computer-based Stroop task.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240747/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240747
|
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] |
12,240,748 |
Growth curve analyses of neuropsychological profiles in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: specific cognitive tests remain "spared" and "impaired" over time.
|
Cutting Laurie E LE, Huang Gua-Hua GH, Zeger Scott S, Koth Christine W CW, Thompson Richard E RE, Denckl Martha Bridge MB
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Cognitive deficits in neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1) have been documented in both the verbal and visuospatial domains. Previous investigations from our laboratory have determined a specific pattern of "spared" (Picture Arrangement, Picture Completion, and Rapid Automatized Naming) and "impaired" (Judgment of Line Orientation, Vocabulary, and Block Design) performance on cognitive measures in this population when compared to sibling-matched controls in pairwise designs. Growth curve analyses were conducted on these repeated measures in 19 patients with NF-1 and their siblings to investigate the longitudinal course and growth pattern of these spared and impaired measures. Results indicated that over time children with NF-1 do not catch up to their siblings on impaired measures, and they continue to perform similarly to their siblings on the spared measures. With respect to growth rates, on average across the 6 cognitive measures there was no significant difference between the groups. However, the variation among families for level of performance was estimated to be larger than variation among siblings within a family for 2 out of 6 cognitive measures (i.e., providing for these 2, Vocabulary and Rapid Automatized Naming, evidence of substantial familial correlation), suggesting that there is need to consider NF-1 associated deficits within a familial context.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240748/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
] |
12240748
|
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] |
12,240,750 |
Autobiographical memory in advanced multiple sclerosis: assessment of episodic and personal semantic memory across three time spans.
|
Kenealy Pamela M PM, Beaumont J Graham JG, Lintern Tracey C TC, Murrell Rachel C RC
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
In order to investigate the status of remote memory the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) was administered to 30 individuals with advanced multiple sclerosis (MS). In contrast to earlier studies which have shown only mild deficits in autobiographical memory in those with less physical progression of the disease, about two-thirds (60%) of the present MS sample had a deficit in autobiographical memory. The presence of such a deficit was not related to age, age of onset, duration of illness, or level of physical disability, but was related to level of general cognitive ability. Memory for episodic autobiographical incidents was more affected than for personal semantic information; a temporal gradient typical of some dementing conditions but not before demonstrated in MS, was also observed with memory for more recent events showing a significant decline.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240750/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240750
|
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] |
12,240,749 |
The National Adult Reading Test as a measure of premorbid intelligence: a comparison with estimates derived from demographic variables.
|
Bright Peter P, Jaldow Eli E, Kopelman Michael D MD
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Since its publication in 1982, the National Adult Reading Test (NART; Revised Version, NART-R) has become a widely accepted method for estimating premorbid levels of intelligence in neuropsychological research. However, the assumption that NART/NART-R performance is relatively independent of brain damage has been increasingly challenged in recent years. In a number of conditions, including Alzheimer dementia and Korsakoff's syndrome, studies have indicated a deterioration in reading ability, leading to an underestimated premorbid IQ. In a reaction to these studies, some researchers have advocated the use of demographic variables as a more suitable foundation for accurately predicting premorbid intelligence. We addressed this issue by calculating IQ estimates on the basis of NART/NART-R, demographic variables, and a combination of the two approaches and by comparing these with current WAIS/WAIS-R IQ in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, Alzheimer dementia, frontal or temporal lobe lesions, and in healthy controls. Estimated premorbid IQs did not differ across groups, whether derived from NART/NART-R or demographic variables. Those based on NART/NART-R demonstrated higher correlations with current WAIS/WAIS-R IQ in controls and patients than those derived from demographic variables. An equation combining NART scores with demographic variables did not significantly increase the amount of variance in IQ explained by NART only, either in patients or controls. The data offer reassurance regarding the continued use of NART as a valid estimate of premorbid intelligence in a number of conditions.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240749/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240749
|
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12,240,751 |
Memory and dating of past events in schizophrenia.
|
Venneri Annalena A, Bartolo Angela A, McCrimmon Sarah S, St Clair David D
|
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS . Vol. 8, No. 6, 2002 Sep
|
Memory deficits are frequently observed in schizophrenia but their intrinsic characteristics have not been clarified. We studied remote memory in a group of 20 schizophrenics and 20 healthy age and education matched controls using a newly devised public event questionnaire (PEQ) that employs a free recall, progressive cueing and recognition protocol and requires dating of events. Results indicate that patients with chronic schizophrenia perform significantly more poorly on the PEQ than a group of age and education matched controls both in terms of content and dating of events. The number of events recalled does not improve with progressive cuing or recognition. No distinctive pattern was observed in their temporal gradient. There was no significant difference in content scores for pre- and post-onset events in the schizophrenics. These findings indicate that remote memory deficits in chronic schizophrenics arise from deficient encoding rather than from a retrieval deficit secondary to executive dysfunction.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240751/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article"
] |
12240751
|
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12,240,757 |
Ultrasonography and videobronchoscopy to assess the subglottic diameter in the paediatric population: a first look.
|
Husein Murad M, Manoukian John J JJ, Platt Robert R, Patenaude Yves Y, Drouin Suzanne S, Giguère Chantal C
|
The Journal of otolaryngology . Vol. 31, No. 4, 2002 Aug
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasonography and videobronchoscopy in measuring the subglottic diameter in the paediatric population. DESIGN: A double-blinded, prospective clinical study carried out at the Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University. METHODS: Children undergoing non-life-threatening bronchoscopy for various reasons had the subglottic diameters measured with ultrasonography, videobronchoscopy, and the traditional method of endotracheal tube sizing during the operative period. Ten patients were enrolled in the study. Parental consent was obtained prior to the procedure. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that although ultrasonography was highly correlated with both videobronchoscopy and endotracheal tube sizing in measuring the subglottic diameter in the paediatric population, the measurements were not accurate in giving an exact value of the diameters in question. Videobronchoscopy was found to highly correlate with endotracheal tube sizing but had values that were slightly larger. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to examine the ability of ultrasonography and videobronchoscopy in evaluating the subglottic diameter in the paediatric population. Videobronchoscopy was shown to correlate highly with the present standard of measurement, namely, endotracheal tube sizing. The difference in measurement between the two was shown to be statistically significant, with videobronchoscopy being the consistently larger of the two. These results are in keeping with the limitations of measurement by the endotracheal tube. Similarly, ultrasonography was also correlated with both videobronchoscopy and endotracheal tube sizing. In contrast, ultrasonography was found to provide measurements that were significantly smaller than the other two methods. This suggests that ultrasonography may be a good technique to follow the change in lesions of the subglottis but may be poor for absolute measurements of this area as it always underestimated the size of the lumen.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240757/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Controlled Clinical Trial",
"Evaluation Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
] |
12240757
|
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] |
12,240,756 |
Serum selenium levels in patients with head and neck cancer.
|
Yadav S P S SP, Gera Amit A, Singh Ishwar I, Chanda Rakesh R
|
The Journal of otolaryngology . Vol. 31, No. 4, 2002 Aug
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to estimate serum selenium levels in patients with head and neck cancer and to correlate them with tumour burden, as well as to study the effect of radiotherapy on serum selenium levels to determine its prognostic significance. DESIGN: This prospective study was carried out by selection of head and neck cancer patients using periodic random numbers. SETTING: This was a hospital-based study. METHODS: Estimation of serum selenium was done using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Model AAS 4129; Electronic Corporation of India Ltd., Hydrabad, India) with a hydride generator after digestion of the serum sample. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients were followed for 1 year postradiotherapy for any change in serum selenium level and its correlation with the outcome of the treatment. RESULTS: All 30 patients had serum selenium levels significantly lower as compared with controls, and these levels decreased further as tumour burden increased. Levels came within normal range after 1 year of radiotherapy in 10 patients who were cured but in the remaining patients who had residual disease, levels remained persistently low. CONCLUSIONS: The serum selenium level may serve as a useful marker in head and neck cancer.
|
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12240756/
|
[
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial"
] |
12240756
|
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