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[ "7 I'i.wn-h.all, li.i-le. The Town-hall (Rath-/, an intei of the sixti he Rhim ound the fountains w i ,Und in B may usually b r-^n^^^S^^ ■1 the", "BELLIXZOXA. towards him. Perhaps his fairy bride could help him. When he told her of his thought, she smiled upon him brightly. * # * * * The tribute-day came; the Chapter was met in solemn conclave, and my lord Abbot on his carven seat was twiddling his white thumbs until the pro- ion should arrive from Urseren. A mountain-horn sounded at the gate. The wealthiest of the dalesmen entered with rustic gifts, and in their midst Otto the Handsome, in a green jerkin with silver tassels, and the gloves laid i charger in his hand. They were presented in form, on bended knee. My lord Abbot drew on the first, and his furrowed brow grew clear ; the second, and turning to his nephew he signed him to approach, and kissed him between the eves with these words, ' Peace be with thee, my son. Sure never were such gloves seen before in Switzerland. Ask of me what thou wilt ; it is granted.' Trembling, yet radiant, Otto withdrew, the Abbot still rding hi They were indeed marvellous with broidery, small gems, and golden thread. But he knew not that their subtle perfume was a fairy ee, and that he himself, holy man ! was bewitched. Otto reappeared, and led by the hand the beautiful White Lady. With priestly grace, the Abbot rose and kissed her brow. ' By mine head,' he cried '(now the holy Saints forgive me), by Saint Placidus himself, I vow this lady ir to be a heathen ; and maybe,' he added, with a pleasant smile, fingering his own well-shaped chin, 'thou, mine Otto, art too handsome for a monk. Be it as thou wilt ; I have no further wish to hinder thee from so fair a wife.' BELLI N ZONA. Bellinzona is, alternately with Lugano and Locarno, the capital ofthe canton Ticino. Its situation at the junction of the great roads leading over the St. Gothard and St. Bernardino Passes to the fertile plain of Lombardy has always made it a thriving, commercial town and an important strategic position. The Swiss obtained pi n of it and the adjacent territory for a nominal sum paid to its feudal lord, whose ancestors had wem it from the Dukes of Milan. Disre- iing this purchase, Philip Maria Visconti, on the first favourable opportunity, captured Bellinzona, and, in the battle of Arbedo (1422), drove the Swiss from the Leventina. lhe*)-, however, twice re-captured it, ' by the help of God and their halberts;' and from the beginning of the sixteenth to the end of the eighteenth century it was governed in a most despotic manner by the", "LAKE OE Ci 48 A pleasant road of about eighteen miles leads from Lugano to ( ing the former town it skirts the eastern side of Monte Salvatorc* to the village of Mclidi the lake is considerably narrowed by a small water here is so shallow that a i iy has been built to connect the two banks. On reaching Bissonc at the eastern extremity of this causeway, the road runs by the eastern shore of the southern arm of the lake wliich it leaves at Capolago. At Mendrisio, a few miles farther on, omnibuses may be procured for ( Camerlata. LAKE OF COMO (continued). The chief vi ing on either side of the lake from Como to Men. the soil mntry near them all is delightful, and the whole district is thickly studded with villas, to many of which access is easily gained. ern shore). — The hotel now* called Regina d'Ing/iilterra, erl)- tin I'Este, v ome time the residence of Queen Caroline. This village may be made the starting-point for the ascent, an easy one, of which rises to the north of it. The view from the summit far as Monte Rosa. Monte Bisbino, barometer to tin of the neighbourhood. rivalled Como in wealth and importance. It i, taken and by the Spaniards in the sixteenth century, anel has nevi rmer position. In the angle of the little bay, which lies aids the Villa Pliniana, a large but >my structure of the latter part of tlie sixteenth century. It derives its name from . pring, accurately described by Pliny the You) which ebbs and flows daily. short distance from the lake. In its neighbourhood . th origin of which was due to accident. An engineer, in arge mass of rock, and thus opened a pa: ui stream, which burst out of the mountain side. Thc two falls are formed in sui ne is 75 feet, the other 130. collection of antiquities, found on the shores of th eed here in the Villa of Count l'assalacqua. 1) is principally celebrated for a large pyramid erected to ph Fran, ia, who left 25,000 francs to immortalise his own memory in this foolish way. At - rn, Puea dt If Orso, in which, some years ago, lAund a large number of bones, principally of the cave-bear, which excited" ]

[ "3 OH AM I NOT A LOVER STILL? Oh ! am I not a lover still. In heart and soul the same — As Avhen I sought thy bower first, And learnt to breathe thy name ? Oh ! look I not as proud of thee ? Oh ! speak I not as kind ? And Avhen I leaAe thee, do I not Leave joy itself behind ? The love I offered long ago, Is but matured by time ; As tendrils round their chosen bough, Cling closer as they climb : Then am I not a lover still, In heart and soul the same, As when I sought thy bower first, And learnt to breathe thy name ? b 2", "50 At the Avell a Beggar accosted them, (A Sprite in a mean disguise ;) The Eldest spoke with a scornful broAv, The Youngest Avith tearful eyes : Cried the Fairy \" whenever you speak, sweet girl, \" Pure gems from your lips shall fall ;\" \" But AvheneA'er you utter a word, proud maid, \" From your tongue shall a serpent craAvl.\" And have you not met with these sisters oft In the haunts of the old and young ? They..../ Avith her pure and unsullied lip ? The last with her serpent tongue ? Yes — the first is Goodnature — diamonds bright On the darkest theme she throws ; And the last is Slander — leaving the slime Of the snake Avherever she goes !", "57 LORD HARRY HAS WRITTEN A NOVEL Lord Harry has Avritten a Novel, A story of elegant life ; No stuff about love in a hovel, No sketch of a cIoavii and his wife : No trash such as pathos, and passion, Fine feelings, expression, and wit, But all about people of fashion, Come look at his caps, how they fit ! Oh, Radcliffe ! thou once Avert the charmer Of girls who sat reading all night ; Thy Heroes Avere striplings in armour ! Thy Heroines damsels in Avhite ! But past are thy terrible touches, Our lips in derision Ave curl, Unless we are told hoAV a Duchess Conversed Avith her cousin, the Earl ! i" ]

[ "A gratis FOR g>tr Samuel _&omtllp.", "10 Nor bolts, nor bars, liad I been thee 5 should e'er Have kept me from that interesting room : Physicians were but second to thy cart, For friendship might have stay'd the dreadful doom But, O forgive, forgive me, for I rave ! So blame attach'd to them — attached to tliee ; One wish pervaded all — the wish to sa\\e; For where was one as great as good as he ? '* A man he was to all the country dear ;\" Nay the whole globe, where'er his fame lias spread, Will not refuse to worth, like his, the tear ; For, once united, all will mourn the dead. ■ Had he a fault ? and who is faultless found r 1 His very faults inclined to virtue's side i\" 1 His principles correct, his judgment sound — Quick in decision. O, he was our pride ? As scholar, speaker, lawyer, statesman, all — He shone pre-eminent — a brilliant star : Nor were his aids 'gainst slavery few or small, The friend of freedom and the foe of war. c 2", "28 great reluctance the day aster Lady Romilly's death, but he declared that -he would be governed entirely by Dr. Roget and his friends. On Friday night we slept at Winchester, on our w ay to town, being accompanied by Mrs. Davis, who is one of the sisters of Lady Romilly, as well as by Miss Romilly, Mr. Wm. Romilly, the eldest son, and some of Sir Samuel's servants. I travelled in the same chaise with Sir Samuel ; and on our arrival at Winchester, he said that he felt himself extremely exhausted. Dr. Roget slept in the same room with him at Winchester, and Sir Samuel was throughout the night extremely restless, as I understood from the Doctor. On the next morning Sir Samuel showed marks of agitation, which he tried to subdue. He was continually tearing his gloves or the palms of his hands, or scratching his fingers and nose. Some blood came from his nose. When we arrived at an inn at Murrel Green, which is two stages from Winchester, Sir Samuel was so weak that he could proceed no further : we therefore slept at that inn. Dr. Roget still slept in the same room with Sir Samuel. I had proposed to Sir Samuel not to go to Russell Square, but to take some other house for the present. He answered, that as he was likely to have a long illness, and to be laid up for some time, he preferred his own house. As he proceeded homewards, I ob served a more violent degree of irritation, with still more tearing of his hands and of his nose. Iu a moment when he was shut ting his eyes and wringing Iris hands, I took the hand of his daughter and placed it in his ; upon which, opening his eyes, he perceived what I had done, and casting upon me the most ex pressive look of gratitude and tenderness, he embraced his daughter. When we arrived at Russell Square, he made a great effort to compose himself, and went into his library, where he threw himself upon a sofa, in a state of calm, which appeared to me, who knew him so well, peculiarly frightful. In this situ ation he was for some moments joining his hands as if in a state of prayer. In a moment after he got up from the sofa, he took my arm, and walked with me about the two rooms. He appear-" ]

[ "342 HISTOIRE DE PARIS. Ki ou Mémoires sur V étude , les lundis et jeudis, à quatre heures du soir. Langue et littérature sanscrite : M. E. Burnous, membre de lTnsti tut, Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, expliquera le troi sième livre de Manou, avec commentaire, le mercredi , et Rhagavad gitâ,ìe vendredi, à neuf heures et demie. Langue et littérature grecque : M. Boissonade , membre de lTnsti tut, Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres , expliquera YAntigotie de Sophocle, les mercredis et vendredis, à midi et demi Eloquence latine : M. Nizard, membre de lTnstitut, Académie française , continuera de traiter de la morale dans les écrits de Ci céron, Sénèque et des Pères de TEglise latine, les jeudis, à midi et demi. II s'occupera spécialement de la bienfaisance. Les lundis , à midi et demi , il fera une étude comparée des textes. Poésie latine : M. Tissot, membre de lTnstitut, Académie française, expliquera les Satires de Juvénal , comparées avec Perse, Horace, et avec les écrivains ou les orateurs chrétiens , considérés comme pein tres de mœurs, les mardis et samedis, à onze heures et demie. Philosophie grecque et latine : M. Barthélemy Saint-Hilaire, mem bre de lTnstitut, Académie des sciences morales et politiques, et, en son absence, M. A. Franck, membre de lTnstitut, Académie des scien ces morales et politiques, traitera de la philosophie grecque anté rieure à Socrate, les mardis et samedis, à deux heures et demie. Littérature française : M. J.-J. Ampère, membre de lTnstitut, Aca démie française et Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, et, en son absence, M. de Loménie , traitera du mouvement littéraire en France , depuis 1789 , les lundis, à midi, et les mercredis, à trois heures. Langues et littératures d'origine germanique : M. Philarète Chas les traitera, les mardis, à trois heures, des publications nouvelles les plus importantes de TAngleterre, des Etats-Unis et de TAlle magne, dans leurs rapports avec le mouvement de la civilisation ac tuelle. Les samedis , à dix heures et demie, il continuera Thistoire comparée des langues teutoniques, éclairée par Texplication des textes. Langues et littératures de TEuropeméridionale:M. E. Quinet, et, en", "HISTOIRE DE PARIS. 61 quatre-vingt-dix-neuf patrons , qui emploient deux mille cinq cent quarante-cinq hommes et six mille quarante-six femmes. La pro duction, qui se divise en spécialités très-distinctes, est de près de 30 millions par an. La passementerie parisienne emploie trois mille cent cinq mé tiers à tissus, dont plus de la moitié à la Jacquart-, deux mille huit cent douze mécaniques et machines diverses pour tresser, dévider, ourdir, laminer, cylindrer-, pour faire les ganses, les lacets, les cor dons, les épaulettes, etc., etc.; deux mille trois cent soixante quatorze rouets divers ; plus de dix-huit machines à vapeur et trois machines hydrauliques. La moyenne du salaire des femmes, employées en grand nombre dans les diverses parties de cette profession, est de 1 fr. 39 cent.; la moyenne du salaire des hommes est de 3 fr. 18 cent. Paris, à lui seul, fabrique chaque année des châles dont la valeur s'élève à 10 millions de francs. Cette fabrication met en mouvement sept cent cinquante-deux métiers à mécanique; plus, quatre cent quatre-vingts ourdissoirs et rouets; deux mille cinq cents travail leurs des deux sexes y sont employés; les hommes gagnent en moyenne 3 fr. 62 cent. ; le salaire des femmes n'atteint pas en moyenne le chiffre de 1 fr. par jour. Modistes. — Lingères. — Corsets. — Sous le nom de Modes, on désigne à Paris la confection des chapeaux, capotes, bonnets montés, coiffures de soirée et objets de fantaisie pour la toilette. Les gants, les lingeries, les broderies, la façon des robes entrent dans d'autres catégories. Paris compte huit cent soixante-dix-neuf magasins de modes : huit cent soixante-sept sont dirigés par des femmes. Ces maisons occupent un personnel de deux mille sept cent dix-sept ouvrières. Le chiffre des affaires de cette industrie est de 13 millions de francs. La moyenne du salaire des ouvrières est de 1 fr. 98 cent, par jour. Un grand nombre parmi elles sont payées à Tannée et logent chez leurs maîtresses. Quatre-vingt-dix-huit sur cent savent lire et écrire. L'industrie des modes compte six mois de morte-saison, trois d'été, trois d'hiver. Pendant ce temps, les maisons qui s'occupent de Te\\-", "HISTOIRE DE PAKIS. 339 Un terrain vague, encombré de matériaux de toute sorte, bornait Tédifice du côté de Saint-Germain-FAuxerrois. Ce terrain a été abaissé de manière à dégager le bandeau inférieur, enfoui jusqu'à ce jour, et à permettre à Tœil d'embrasser les parterres qu'on y a dessinés, du haut de la chaussée centrale, laissée de niveau avec le sol inté rieur de la cour et des vestibules. Une grille entoure cette enceinte et offre, dans la partie centrale, des panneaux de bronze surmontés d'aigles dorés et ornés du monogramme de TEmpereur. La décoration sculpturale et l'achèvement de la façade du Midi, nouvellement découverte, est une des œuvres qui honorent le plus le goût de notre époque. Au centre de cette immense façade, qui n'a pas moins de 130 mètres d'étendue, depuis le pavillon de Charles IX jusqu'au pavillon de Lesdiguières, s'élève un avant-corps formé par quatre colonnes isolées. De cet avant-corps au pavillon de Charles IX, Tordre du rez-de-chaussée, qu'une certaine combinaison déformes et de bossages a fait attribuer à Philibert Delorme, offrait seul des parties sculptées. La charmante frise du soubassement, qui représente des petits génies et des attributs marins, est due au ciseau de Pierre et de François L'Heureux. Quelques moulures des cadres qui ornent Tétage intermédiaire, quelques chapitaux de Tordre supérieur, avaient été à peine attaqués du temps de Henri IV, et dans les années de sa plus grande passion pour Gabrielle d'Estrées. Puis les travaux étaient restés suspendus jusqu'au moment où le régime de la Terreur de 1793 vint s'acharner contre cette façade inachevée. On dit que Robespierre avait donné Tordre brutal de faire dispa raître à coups de marteau tout ce qui pouvait rappeler la royauté, et que, à la prière de MM.Percier et Fontaine, il consentit à un moyen terme. Au lieu d'enlever les saillies, les deux architectes proposèrent de combler les creux par un enduit grisâtre; Teffet devait être le même, et Ton ne verrait plus, de loin, qu'une surface plane au lieu des emblèmes qui offusquaient la rigidité républicaine. Ce parti fut adopté. On avait procédé à ces mutilations et à ces placages avec une barbarie inintelligente. Ainsi, les têtes d'anges, qui portaient à leur cou des cordons, des astragales et des médaillons de Saint-Michel, avaient été dépouillées de ces attributs. Le monogramme H G (Henri, Gabrielle), disparu sous le ciseau, ou calfeutré par le mastic, ne" ]

[ "A STARVED SOUL. 35 lodgings at Cowes till this matter is settled, and shall know where to find you if you don't turn up here within a week, now that I have once found my way here. That is my address,\" and she tossed him an envelope as she spoke. Then, without looking at him, and in a more tender voice, \" and is that all you have to say to me, Charlie ? \" \" Yes,\" he said, indifferently ; \" and now come, if you are ready.\" Was the gleam of almost demoniac fury that shot across her handsome face due merely to the spretœ injuria formic implied in his answer ? Who knows ? They passed together down the ill-lit, narrow, back street of the barracks to the gate, meeting, as they did so, the Colonel, on his way home from mess, who scrutinised, rather too closely for good manners, the veiled face of Vandaleur's tall com panion. As the latter walked rapidly down the hill outside the barracks on the Cowes road, she muttered to herself, \" At any rate, I will make him pay finely for his scorn — new experience as it is to me ! Perhaps it is as well that he makes no attempt at a resumption of his marital rights. It might have been awkward ! Still, it is what I have been always led to expect of him — and, so far, so good.\" Vandaleur walked slowly back to his empty quarters with a heavy heart, and the feeling of an escaped prisoner recaptured by his gaolers, whose short taste of freedom but makes still more bitter the daily agony of a life-long sentence of servitude. To make the foregoing episode in our hero's life clear to our readers, we must take them back a period of some six years, to the time when Charles Vandaleur, a handsome youth of nineteen, joined the — th Lancers, then stationed at the cathedral city of York. Although popular from the first in his regiment, as might have been expected from his good looks and gentlemanly manners, and, as an only son of fairly rich parents, both dead, pos sessed of an income rather above the average of his brother subs, Vandaleur was a little held in awe by his juniors on account of a certain distance in his manner towards them, and looked upon by his seniors with a slight suspicion that he considered himself \"too good for the service, you know,\" though no fault was ever found with the way in D 2", "A STARVED SOUL. 79 finished tea; but, perceiving by Savage's limping walk, for he had cut his bare feet badly, and the generally dilapidated appearance of the group, that something untoward had happened, they crowded down to meet them, and to hear Brady's recital of the battle with the \" devil-fish,\" at the successful escape of which they all seemed most annoyed. Indeed, as \" Battle \" and \" Murder \" exclaimed together, \" It wouldn't have happened if we had been there ! \" \" Shure, thin, ye're right,\" was Brady's pertinent re joinder. \" How would we have got the baste out of the water if we hadn't gone in ? \" After which there was a dead silence, till the worthy Papa changed the subject. The setting sun now warned the meeting that it was time, in Brady's words, \" to dissemble,\" and each party taking its different route home at the entrance to St. George's Harbour, we may here part company with the Dreadnought, and accompany the Ireland Island portion of the gathering to the Dockyard in the \" garrison gig,\" seating ourselves discreetly with Captain and Mrs. Hall in the stern-sheets, while the engaged pair are packed rather closely in the bows, since, as Winnie said, \" We have only a short time left to settle a good many things, Freddy and I.\" For it had been arranged that she was to go home by the next mail, to suit the convenience of the lady who had promised her father to look after her during the voyage ; and Mortimer hoped to get his leave within a month, and to be mads a happy man very shortly after returning to his native shores. Savage, too, who was looking more cadaverous and ghostly after his late experience of the \" 'Mudian \" climate than even when we first met him, had arranged his exchange with Vandaleur to take place as soon as the regiment moved to Nova Scotia, rather, as Vandaleur had sadly told himself, \" a day after the fair \" for him, at least ! \" Good night, Winnie darling ; and I shall be over to morrow early, as we have only five more days to be together. We must ' make sun while the hay shines,' as Brady says.\" This from Mortimer, who had been dining with the Halls in their airy quarters at Ireland Island, and now had to leave for Prospect Camp,", "116 A STARVED SOUL. at the requisite low temperature of the air above, and due probably to the enormous difference of degree between the two elements brought into sudden contact). \" The worst of it was that, through some blunder of the War Office people, none of the men's Canadian ' kits ' had turned up, except the fur caps ; so they stood and shivered about the deck in their light serge ' 'Mudian ' tunics and trousers. The wonder was that there were so few serious cases of illness in hospital afterwards. I fancy,\" added Savage, \" that the blood must have been so thoroughly heated by a four years' sojourn in Bermuda, that it took some time to get the ' caloric ' chilled out of it. With the exception of two or three men who had lost their toes from frost-bite on 'sentry-go,' I had very few invalids for Netley among the draft of time-expired men I brought home. I assure you all this is a ' true bill,' and I am not exaggerating in the least.\" (Nor was he !) He stopped as the door opened and Vandaleur entered, and for a moment \"silence reigned supreme\" among the little party. Our hero's long-hidden mystery had, of course, been divulged during the absence necessitated by his ill ness ; and both the secret of his marriage and the cause of his seizure had been much discussed with wondering pity for many a day in his absence by every one of the knot of chattering youngsters now before him. Cannot we all appreciate the momentary awkwardness of the situation, both for him and them ? Jackson was the first to break the silence. \" Hullo, Vandaleur, old fellow ! Where have you dropped from ? \" he exclaimed. \" I am glad to see you again, though you look more like a ghost than a living man ! But we all know you had a hard tussle to pull through with your — illness,\" and the not over-delicate adjutant stopped short somewhat suddenly, and abruptly changed the subject. \"By the way,\" he added, \"here is an 'official' which ' Q.C.' told me to give you when you arrived. I hope it won't bother you much, but you know the authorities don't often consult our feelings or convenience.\" As soon as he had shaken hands with, and replied to the greetings of his assembled brother-officers, Vandaleur opened the long blue envelope in his hand, and read as follows : —" ]

[ "MY DEBUT. 25 tances — that we met ever so long ago at Fairport.\" \" I have never forgotten you, Madame,\" I managed to say. \" How strange ! and I have never for gotten the little girl whose face was so wonderful a study. You did not come to hear me again, though.\" \" I had to go home,\" I explained. \" Where my cousin and I once paid you a visit,\" added Madame Serlini's com- panion. \"Oh, Mr. Sylvester!\" I cried out in my astonishment at meeting him ; and then he said Miss Cleeves had been talking about me quite lately, that he knew I was studying under Herr Droigel, and that he congratulated me upon my success. There was a httle stiffness and reserve about his manner which seemed only natural in the address of any one con nected with the Great House, but it made", "AFTER LONG YEARS. 77 part and parcel of the unreality of my hfe. Often I wondered, when listening to a Babel of tongues, or to a bit of practice from an opera, whether it was myself who stood in the midst of that throng or an other — the Annie Trenet of days that seemed hundreds of years distant, or a changeling who, having surreptitiously en tered that little cottage overlooking the Love, had performed freaks of which no true Motfield would have been guilty — freaks ending in this. And what struck me with the greatest wonder was, that whilst I had an unceasing sense of wrong-doing oppressing me, no one else had. In my Pharisaism, if it were necessary to do the thing at all, I would have done it in secret. Like the lady who told her httle boy to play his marbles in the back yard — which order elicited the inquiry whether it were not Sunday there — I should scarcely have elected to make our performances public. But no one appeared", "MY OWN SECRET. 303 acting the part of a judicious guardian d you were to permit me to set you and your ward down at Herr Droigel's instead of aiding and abetting Miss Trenet in her endeavours to catch bronchitis ?\" \" You are very kind,\" answered Mr. Syl vester ; and without consulting my wishes he paused to let the conveyance overtake us. Mr. Florence opened the door for me, and then with a bow stood aside to permit Mr. Sylvester to fodow, after which he got in himself. It did not take us long to reach the Professor's door. \" Shad you be long here ?\" asked Mr. Florence, as Mr. Sylvester was bidding him good-night. \" Only a few minutes was the reply. \" Then, if you permit, I will wait. I should like to have a httle conversation with you, and we can talk on our way to your chambers.\"" ]

[ "22 LE CIMETIÈRE DE MÉRY puisque nous ne nous occupons maintenant que de cette question spéciale. Réunie à Versailles, la Commission d'enquête, après avoir consacré plusieurs séances au dépouillement des pièces et à l'audition de M. Bassompierre, ingénieur dé légué par M. Haussmann pour expliquer et défendre le tracé proposé, rejeta, le 23 août, à la majorité de sept voix contre cinq, le projet de M. le préfet de la Seine. L' Administration n'a jamais publié les procès-verbaux de cette Commission d'enquête, où nous aurions sans doute trouvé d'excellentes raisons à Pappui du vote qu'elle a émis. Au reste, le tracé administratif est connu, et jus tifie aisément les critiques dont d est Pobjet. En effet, le chemin mortuaire, partant d'une gare spé ciale étabhe au cimetière Montmartre, traverse une pre mière fois la Seine à l'extrémité occidentale de Pîle Saint- Denis, coupe la plaine de Gennevilhers pour passer une seconde fois le fleuve à 200 mètres d'Epinay, tourne der rière Saint-Gratien et vient joindre la ligne du Nord à la station d'Ermont. De là, le tracé municipal traverse toute la vallée de Montmorency, sur une longueur de dix kilo mètres, à une faible distance et parfaitement en vue des villages d'Ermont , Eaubonne , Saint-Prix , le Plessis- Bouchard, Napoléon-Saint-Leu, Taverny et Bessan court, et vient aboutir sur le territoire du cimetière pro jeté, entre Frépillon etMéry. Si l'on veut se rendre compte de Pémoi que devait né cessairement causer l'annonce de ce tracé, d n'y a qu'à monter, par un beau jour d'été, à l'extrémité méridio nale de la suite de collines qui aboutit à Sannois. De là, à Pendroit dit les Moulins de Sannois, on jouit de la vue la plus admirable. D'un côté, au nord-est, la vallée de", "LE CIMETIÈRE DE MÉRY 46 « que du tracé par Ermont et la vallée de Montmo >t rency (1). » II faut bien qu'il en soit ainsi, car Pétude en question, dont nous adons nous occuper, est en désaccord formel avec le tracé levé sur le terrain. Mais alors comment présenter une semblable étude sous les apparences d'un travad complet et sans réplique? Pourquoi conclure de ce coup d'œil jeté sur la carte que le tracé proposé est impossible ? Notons que les paroles de M. Chenel, membre de la Commission d'enquête, que nous venons de citer, n'ont été démenties, ni par PAdministration, ni par M. Bassom pierre, et qu'il est en conséquence admis au débat que Pétude de ce savant ingénieur n'a pas été faite sur le ter rain. Nous adons trouver, dans ce que le Rapport cite de son travad, des assertions d'une hardiesse bien surpre nante pour une semblable étude. (1) Lettre à M. Henri Baudrillart , p. 7. — Notons ici un curieux rappro chement de dates : c'est le 22 août que M. Bassompierre faisait cette décla ration précise, et, le 13 septembre, ['Administration avait en main le Rapport de cet ingénieur; l'étude aurait donc été faite entre ces deux époques. Or, il est notoire dans le pays qu'aucun relèvement. n'a été opéré sur les lieux pendant cette période. M. l'ingénieur Bassompierre et son personnel ne travailleraient ils que la nuit? II y aurait là un procédé nouveau dont l'Administration devrait bien enrichir le domaine public, car jusqu'à présent on avait eu besoin du jour pour cette sorte d'étude.", "ET SON CHEMIN DE FER. 61 XII. Atténuer, dans certains cas, amplifier dans d'autres, ou passer sous silence les faits qui semblaient pouvoir compromettre ce projet, tede paraît avoir été la tâche entreprise par M. le rapporteur Barbier. II était donc du devoir de ceux qui connaissent les faits de les rétablir dans leur sincérité, afin qu'il fût possible à ceux de qui dépend la sanction définitive des idées municipales, de décider en parfaite connaissance de cause. Nous croyons avoir prouvé : 1° Que des considérations très-importantes s'opposent à la création d'un grand cimetière éloigné ; que l'enquête sur cette question a été trop sommaire, et qu'il y aurait convenance, au moins, à ne pas précipiter Pexécution d'un projet insuffisamment mûri ; 2° Que sur la question du chemin de fer mortuaire une opposition très-vive, unanime de la part des intéressés, se manifeste contre le tracé proposé; 3° Qu'un tracé différent paraît facile et devrait, être" ]

[ "A FASCINATING TRAITOR", "A FASCINATING TRAITOR. 15 With courtly hospitality he offered the creamy champagne as a remplacement for the lost vin du pays. A charming smile rewarded the gallant youth, while Major Hawke turned with interest to the renewal of the interrupted narrative. He had caught a glance of burning intensity from the dark brown eyes of the lady a la Houbigant, which set every nerve in his body tingling. It was a challenge to a companionship, and, as he led on the triumphant Anstruther, he deeply regretted the absence of that most necessary organ, — an eye in the back of the head. He was dimly aware that his beautiful neighbor was very leisurely drinking the peace offering of the susceptible son of Mars. \"I will bet hundreds to ha'pennies she speaks English! \" quickly reflected the now aroused Major, \"You astound me, Anstruther,\" the Major said. \" Not a lawful child! Some Eurasian legacy — a relic of the old days of the Pagoda Tree! Why, the old commissioner always was a woman hater, and abso lutely hostile to all social influences!\" The Captain was now stealing longing glances at the willowy figure of the beautiful woman whose glistening dark brown eyes were turned to him with a languid glance, as Alan Hawke leaned forward. To prolong the sight of that bewitching half profile, with the fair, low brows, the velvet cheeks, a Provencale flush tinting them, the parted lips a dainty challenge speaking, and the rich masses of dark brown hair nobly crowning her regal outlines, Anstruther yielded to the spell and babbled on. \"The whole thing is a strange tn/lange of official business and dying gossip! \" dreamily said An struther with his eyes straying over the ivory throat, the superbly modeled bust and perfect figure of the young Venus Victrix. He was duly rewarded by a glance of secret intelli gence when he leaned back, dreamily closing his eyes. \" You see, they were going to make old Hugh Fraser or Hugh Johnstone, as he is now called, a baronet for some secret services to the Crown of an important na ture, rendered about the time when mad Hodson piled up the whole princely succession to the House of Oude in a trophy of nake-f- corpses, pistoling them with his", "A FASCINATING TRAITOR. 307 Pointing to the key, he mutely signed to the woman to lock herself in. Then down the stair he crept, ready to face any unseen enemy. The light streamed out from Janet Fairbarn's open door. \" Perhaps it was only old Simpson, drunk, or trying to gain a surrepti tious entrance,\" he mused. But the woman had point ed to the light and the keyhole of the door. \" Some one is in the old man's study ! \" Yes ! There was the little tell-tale pencil of light flickering on the darkened wall opposite. And Hardwicke scented danger. \"Was it Alan Hawke ? \" Light-footed as the panther, the young soldier crept to the heavy oaken door. A moment in his crouching position showed to him a man, with his back toward him, raising one of the great red tiles of the study floor. Yes ! There was only a moment of suspense, for the tile was slid aside, and a package was then eagerly clutched. With one mighty leap, the Major bounded to the man's side as the door swung open. The cold steel muzzle pressed the ruffian's temple as Hardwicke's hand closed upon the burglar's throat. There lay the sealed canvas package, covered with official Indian seals. In an instant the Major's knee was on the scoundrel's breast. \" One single sound, and I blow your brains out ! \" hissed the disguised Englishman. And, astounded at the apparition of a stalwart Hindu warrior, Jack Blunt's teeth chattered with fear. Dragging the half throttled wretch to his feet, Hardwicke tore off the sash of his Indian sleeping robe and bound the villain's arms behind him. Picking up his saber, he then cut the bell cord and lashed the fellow's legs to a chair. Then, giving the canvas package a closer glance of in spection, Hardwicke pressed the edge of his tulwar to Jack Blunt's throat, when he had closed the window, half raised, and shut the shutter so neatly forced with a jimmy. \" What's in that package ? \" he said, with a sudden divination of Alan Hawke's overmastering in fluence. \"A lot of valuable jewels,\" the sneaking ruffian answered. \"If you'll turn me loose, I'll now save what's dearer to you than all this diamond stuff that I was sent for. I've watched you here for three" ]

[ "THE MILLS OF GOD. 65 everybody, but in the language of many was \" the devil's own garden.\" Pea-pickers are seldom superstitious, and have generally outgrown nerves. In pea-picking eyes, therefore, the cedar grove at O'Hell Run was good camping ground, and the first arrivals in Rancocus Township always made a rush for this spot. In the season which introduced the black- eyed woman to Rancocus Farm, the first arrivals happened to be a queer lot — the bankrupt remnant of a \" barn storming\" theatrical company. Practically penni less, everywhere in debt, and, therefore, unable to retrace their steps and chance a return of good luck, one member of the troop, a native of the farming district of New Jersey, had suggested a few weeks' \" pea-picking.\" \" It's hard work,\" he had told them, \" but it's good pay, plenty to eat, a fair place to sleep, and the pine wood will pull the whole crowd of us together physically. I once lived near the best pea-picking ground in Jersey, and I'll pilot you to the spot and do my best to make it easy for the girls. The crowd will be a rough one, but as we'll number eight, and F", "THE MILLS OF GOD. 67 would have made her fortune on the stage ; while an underfed and over-read Hamlet limped slowly and sullenly by the side of an Ophelia all real tears and unpicturesque disorder. When strength was all but exhausted, and even anger had burned to ashes, the little party of actor folk arrived at O'Hell Run. In less than ten minutes Frank Swayen, the man who had brought the party into the pea-picking country, had a bed of leaves and soft pine needles ready for the three women, and a lunch, soon afterwards, prepared for all. But now, when the rough journey was over, and the way promised brighter things, Lady Macbeth fainted. Whisky they had none, and Lady Macbeth had a heart as bad physically as it was good psychologically. \"Tea's the only thing that will pick her up. asserted Ophelia. \" Tea's the one thing we haven't got — no, nor milk either, for that matter,\" answered Pickwick. Swayen here interposed — \" Tea's got to be got somehow, and I think I know how and where.\"", "296 THE MILLS OF GOD. Then the old mischievous gleam, ever present in the old careless days, slid into his brown eyes. \" And won't dad be hoppin' mad ! how he'U swear at my fool luck.\" Then feeling strangely tired and weak, Jim turned over in bed and sleep swept him away from that real Use which had suddenly grown dangerously heavy with happiness." ]

[ "264 That very afternoon he found her alone by Dan's grave on the mountain - side. She made a desolate picture among the dry grass and weeds, the black pines above her, and a few autumnal clouds wandering helplessly about in the sky. She had flung herself forward against the low pile of stones, her arms stretched out and her hands clasped. Her face was hidden ; her attitude was one of deep dejection, perhaps of tears. He paused in doubt, wondering if it were possible to retreat without being discovered. If he turned, he would be sure to arouse her. In his perplexity he stood quite still, and his attention being concentrated upon the pros trate figure, he could see that she was weeping. There was an irregular, convulsive heaving of the shoulders which told him everything, although he heard nothing. How still the world was ! And yet there was a muffled sound from the river, and the pines seemed trying to voice a soul's extreme desolation. \"I'll go back,\" he decided, and turned cautiously. \"Pore little thing — pore little thing !\" But the dry twig of a fallen pine brushed his shoulder and snapped with a loud noise. Anny lifted her head abruptly. \" Sam !\" she cried, when she saw who it was. He turned, but made no movement in her direction. The silence seemed to deepen with a slow crescendo from the pines and an explicit sibilance from the river. \"I was goin',\" he said, at last. \"I didn't aim to break in on ye.\" \"I'm glad I heerd ye,\" said Anny, straightening herself a little away from the heap of stones. He came forward and sat down at her side. \" Ye was cryin',\" he said, taking her hand in his. She was no more ashamed of her tears than a child would have been, and her eyes were still overflowing as she looked at him.", "312 thing fer ye, V I make no doubt ye keer fer me. Wrell, we'll go 'n' be tied at daylight.\" Pinky got upon his feet. \"D' ye mean it ?\" he cried. \"Set down — set down 'n' keep yer hair on. Ole man Halstead's a reg'lar ordained Methodis' preacher — used to preach back in Indiany somers. He tole me so hisself. We'll have 'im do the job arter breakfas'. He don't talk much 'bout it, 'cause he's kind o' out o' the gospel biz ness, I reckon, V sech things don't recommend a feller in Collyraydo, nohow. But it's all right. I'll answer fer that.\" \"So '11 I,\" was Pinky's suffusive rejoinder. \" But — \" She understood his objection before he uttered it and faced it boldly. \"Do I love Sam any more? Shucks! I hate 'im. There ! Be ye satisfied ? 'N' I need ye, Pinky, to help me fight 'im — that's why I'm in sech a hurry for the wed din'. We'll see if a man kin run off with a idiot gal 'n' hide 'er away from 'er folks 'thout bein' brought to time fer it. If we can't fix 'im in one way we kin in 'nother. 'N' as a las' resort, there's alius the law. Be ye willin' to stan' up agin 'im, with me 'n' the ranch to back ye ?\" \"Willin'?\" Pinky's eagerness was too evident to re quire a declarative sentence, and Phœbe Ellen accepted it in its interrogative form. \" Well,\" was her way of concluding the arrangement, \"we kin git a couple o' hours' sleep yit afore breakfas', I reckon, 'n' we'll need it if Sam should take it into his head to come back to-morrer. Ye kin have his room — ye know yer way. Good-night ! Be ready when I holler fer ye in the mornin'.\" After breakfast they set out without a word of explana tion to any one, and on their return the mistress remarked to Leatherhead : \"I've ast Pinky to stay with us all day, 'n' 'pears like", "CHAPTER XL Phœbe Ellen came in with a rush. Her eyes met Sam's in a question which he did not try to answer. \"Look arter the doctor,\" was all the explanation he had time to give. \"I'll 'tend to her.\" He applied all the restoratives at hand — water, brandy, ammonia ; he rubbed her wrists, chafed her temples ; he lowered her head over the side of the bed, holding it so that the weight would not wrench the muscles of the neck. His eyes were too intent on the pale, unconscious face to notice definitely what Phœbe Ellen was doing, but he knew that she was applying the same restoratives that he had used, and in the same way. Presently he was gratified to see that his patient began to breathe again. But her eyes did not unclose, and there was no sign of consciousness. He laid her head gently back upon the pillow. The wound in the scalp was still bleeding with a slow persist ence that made him shiver. He spunged it off — it looked horribly deep after the blood was washed away — drew the edges of the flap together, pressed them firmly down, and applied a bandage. Then for a moment he stood off to contemplate his work. \"Sam,\" he heard the doctor call, faintly, behind him. For answer he approached the chair. He thought he detected a ghastly humor in the drawn mouth and fading eyes. \"You — you see ?\" the stricken man articulated, in a voice that rattled in his throat. \"I knew— I wouldn't live — to see how it turned out.\" He lifted his dim, fatal eyes. \"It's God's fault — not mine,\" he whispered." ]

[ "Diary of a Tour 2 me at all, were it not for the help of a bottle of good claret, by ' It seems the Captain likes a bottle of good claret ! Arrive in the evening at Kinross. Next morning, Tuesday the 23rd, set out for the waterside. At Kelty-bridge meet a vast number of coal-drivers, who inform me they have them at the pits there at the rate of sixpence and eight pence every eighteen stone-weight. Would to God we had coals as near us, and as cheap, in the Stormont ! By the side of the brooks that run by Kelty-bridge the coal appears in the face of the banks, rising even to the surface. The pits here of no considerable depth, and the coal very accessible. It is covered with a stratum of free stone, (here called a coal-band) of a considerable thickness, soft and easily wrought, but, when exposed for some time to the air, hard and durable. A little to the North of Inverkeithing, see by the way-side the Parietaria officinalis and the Juncus Betwixt the turnpike and the N. Ferry observed some plants of the Viola hirta in the face of the basaltic rocks. Breakfast at the Ferry. No prospect of a passage till the after noon : contrary winds and heavy rain. No matter, Cally1 and I must not contend with the 1 His horse ; probably bought at Cally, in Strath ardle. He was an Irish horse, as one learns from the elegy in which his master laments his death, some years later.", "Diary of a Tour 70 Monday, 20th July. Sharrow. — Leave my horse with my friend. Set out at half-past three o'clock a.m. with Mr. Mackenzie's boy carrying my saddle-bags to the Toll-bar separating the counties of York and Derby, where take my seat on the stage-coach at half-past four. Breakfast at Chesterfield, remarkable for its twisted spire, apparently crooked, and like to fall. Mr. Wilkin son, the banker, has an elegant house on the east side of the town. Mount our coach after swallowing breakfast in a few minutes, and set out again in company of a Mr. Mackenzie1 from Sheffield. Stevens, a blind man, entertains us highly all the way, with music on a fife and a fiddle, and sings like a nightingale. The weather exceedingly warm and favourable, enjoy a delightful view of the country from the outside of the coach. Arrive about ten a.m. at Mansfield, where our jolly blind piper leaves us. Set out for Nottingham, along Sher- wood Forest, fourteen miles long. Some fine old trees scattered here and there over it ; some places of it begin to be well cultivated. Dine at Nottingham, a large and elegant town, finely situated on the north bank of the Trent, a broad river here (with a bridge of seventeen arches), which has its course to north-east, and at last joins the Humber. The streets, houses, and 1 Perhaps a slip of the diarist's or of the transliterator's : it seems unlikely that this surname should be so common in Sheffield at that time.", "through Great Britain in 1795 137 prospect of the coast and the ocean. Proceed a little farther, and have a view of Newcastle below you. Come down upon the village of Gateshead. Cross the Tyne, and arrive in Newcastle to breakfast. Newcastle a very ugly, large, irregular town. The river Tyne, here separating the Counties of Durham and North umberland, seems to be scarcely as broad as the Tay at Perth. The bridge has nine arches. Great coal trade the staple of this town. Ships of two masts come up here, but not in great numbers. Vessels of considerable burden are built here, but not so large as those built at Shields. After breakfast take a walk to the Quay. Thence up the north side of the river to the Northumberland Glass Warehouse, through a narrow, dirty street, if it may be so called, as most of the streets here, except Dean Street and Pilgrim Street, are. Arrive at the west gate by the river side (here is the east termination of the Picts' Wall1). Go out to the Cast Metal and Brass foundery, &c. Walk up the north bank of the Tyne to get a prospect of this nasty, sooty, smoky chaos of a town. The view[s] of the river, the bridge, and the boats sailing down with the tide, with the country on each side of the river to the west, are, however, not unpleasant. The bank here abounds with the Scrophularia 1 Hadrian's Wall was so known in Scotland at that date, if not also in Northumberland." ]

[ "ON THE COONOR GHAT.", "A DANGEROUS DRIVE. 5 two wheels, with low axles. It accommodates three passengers ; one by the side of the driver, the other two behind, as in our dogcarts. The pole passes through the body, and is furnished with an iron yoke that rests upon the collars of the horses. Within a quarter of an hour after the arrival of the train, the mad-bags have been stowed away and a start is made. If there be room, some of your luggage will accompany you ; if not, you must do as best you can. In any event, if you have much, the bulk of it must fodow you — I need not say at more than an appreciable distance — borne on the heads of coolies. But we are off. The horn tootles as though we were leaving the White Horse Cellar, Piccadilly, and away we go at full gallop, through the bazaar and over a bridge crossing the Bhowany river; in the bed of which, by the way, the natives frequently wash for gold. This crossed, a straight road of six mdes, shaded by large trees, brought us to the first place for a change of horses. This is Kullar, at the foot of the Coonoor Chat ; and here the ascent com mences. The scenery increases in interest, as we proceed at a flying pace up the zigzag roads. The route here has also the element of a little peril. Danger does not seem to enter into the coachman's calculation. Whisking round the sharp corners, skirting the very edge of steep precipices, escaping as by a miracle the stone posts protecting the wooden bridges that cross", "TEE LABOUR SUPPLY. 57 CHAPTER VII. THE QUESTION OF LABOUR. Necessity that labour should be plentiful and cheap — Abundance offering in the Wynaad — Timidity of the natives — Chinese immigration considered — The system of imported labour — Local cultivators — The Korumbers — Principal sources of supply — Canarese coolies from Mysore — The Moplahs — The Wuddurs and Balkaras — Payment by advances described — Differences in the system on various estates — Interest of the gold companies in the question — Proposed help from Madrasse Eurasians — Peculiarities of the class — Need of English miners as headmen — Arrangements of our staff — Necessity of departmental system and reports. Amongst the essentials to success in gold-mining in this, or, indeed, in any district, not the least im portant is the question of labour. There may be gold on the reefs ; there may be water sufficient for driving power; and ample timber for building and other purposes : but if there is no labour procurable, or only such as is very costly, it would scarcely be possible to mine with success. An inquiry as to labour facilities should not, therefore, be overlooked in writing on this subject. Whilst in the Wynaad, my serious attention was" ]

[ "AS mankind was primarily created by the Supreme Being, for the reciprocal comfort and benefit of one another, an incumbent duty is imposed upon every member of society, to contribute, as much as lays in his power, towards the general good. In the beginning of the Cataline War, Sallust not only shews the difference existing between rational and irrational creatures, but thus elegantly writes : — ' Omnis homines, qui sese student præstare cæteris animalibus, summa ope niti decet, ne vitam silentio transeant, veluti pecora, quæ natura prona atque ventri obedientia finxit.' And the inimitable bard of Avon, thus deciphers man ' What is man, If his chief good, and market of his time, Be but to sleep and feed? a beast, no more. Sure, he, that made us with such large discourse Looking before, and after, gave us not That capability and godlike reason To rust in us unused.' Should, therefore, the following pages, which arc submitted to the public, without much comment or introduction, escape the keen eye of criticism, and meet with the approbation of the gentle reader, the most sanguine expectations of the compiler arc realized. Whatever he hath been able to glean, from the field of antiquarian lore, relative to the town and castle of Pontefract, he hath sedulously endeavoured to compress in such a form, without", "4 HISTORY OF PONTEFRACT. portions, as shall be assessed by the mayor and aldermen for the time being, upon pain to lose for every defect, 5s. and to have their shops restraint, and chambers shut, till they pay the same. In testimony whereof, the common seal of the said corporation of Pontefract, is hereunto set and affixed the day and year above written. After the passing of this order, the grain was openly exposed for sale, and continued so until the year 1740, 'to the great prej udice, damage, and impoverishment of the poor in this town and parts adja cent,' when at a general meeting held in the mote-hall, on the 26th of May in that year, it was ordered ' that no grain shall hereafter be opened and exposed for sale in the market, until after ten o'clock in the forenoon, at which time the market bell will be rung, on pain of being prosecuted.'* Its fairs t are, St. Andrew's held on the first Saturday in Decem ber ; twenty days' fair the first Saturday after the twentieth day from Christmas ; Candlemas on the first Saturday after the 13th. of February ; and St. Giles's on the first Saturday after the 12th of September ; April 8th. and May 4th. for cattle, sheep, &c. ; with the moveable fairs, Palm-Sunday, Low Sunday, May 4th, and Trinity-Sunday, which are held on the Saturday preceding each of these days respectively. The fortnight fairs are held on the Saturday next after York fortnight fairs. The show for horses, formerly called Palm-Sunday show, now begins on the 5th. of February. Its situation is in the parish of Pontefract, in the wapontake of Osgoldcross, and in the liberty and honor of Pontefract ; and is distant from Aberford, eleven miles ; from Wakefield, nine ; from Leeds, thirteen ; from Doncaster, fourteen ; from Rotherham, twenty ; and from Ferrybridge, two and a half miles, and sixty yards ;l and is twenty four miles s.w. of York, and one hundred and seventy-three N.w. of London. The population by the census of 1801 appeared to be 3097, viz. 1394 males, and 1703 females, and the town contained 741 houses, of which 48 were uninhabited; but in 1821 the population had increased 4447, viz. 1890 males and 2557 females ; and, it was possessed of 930 houses. Barnaby Harrington, in his itinerary, thus humourously notices this place : * Old Town's Books, pp. 180. f Edward the tirst, in the 22d. year of his reign, on the 6th of June, granted to Henry Lascy, earl of Lincoln, and constable of Chester, a market every week at his manor of Puntefract; and a fair for five days, viz. on the vigil of Palm-Sunday, Palm- Sunday, and three following days. t The measured distance from Pontefract to Ferrybridge, by two separate ways, is thus noted : from Pontefract cross, down the horsefair, broadlane, and by the wash, to Ferrybridge is 4(386 yards : and from the cross down the horsefair, by the castle, mill daoi and St. Thomas' hill, is 44CU yards.", "38 HISTORY OF PONTEFRACT. and poor persons of the said hospital, out of our special favour and sure knowledge and mere motion, have willed and granted, and by these presents for us, our heirs and successors, do will, and grant to the aforesaid mayor and burgesses of the town or borough of Ponte fract aforesaid, and to their successors, that whensoever it shall hap pen for the future, that any person or persons of them the aforesaid reader and poor of the hospital aforesaid, depart this life, or for any reasonable cause be removed from tbeir place or places ; (which reader indeed and poor persons of the hospital aforesaid, who now are, or hereafter shall be, in every or any of them for misbehaviour or any reasonable cause, we order to be removed and removable from their place or places, by the mayor and burgesses of the town or borough aforesaid to be done; then, and so often, it may be well and shall be lawful for the mayor and comburgesses of the town or borough aforesaid, or for the greater part of them (of which we order the mayor of the town or borough aforesaid for the time being to be one,) with our permission, and for us, and in our name, to chuse, nominate, appoint and institute one other or many others out of the poor and indigent persons of the town or borough aforesaid, in the room or places of such reader or poor of the hospital aforesaid, so happening to die or to be removed, and that every person so aforesaid, elected, nominated, appointed and instituted in the said hospital, shall be and remain during his natural life, unless, in the mean time, for his bad behaviour, or any other reasonable cause from the hospital aforesaid, he shall be re moved ; And in like manner, this must be done as often as occasion shall require, any act, statute, law, proviso, prescription, usage, or custom heretofore, to the contrary hereof, in any wise notwithstand ing. Provided always, nevertheless, that this present grant, as to the election and the power of appointing them the said reader and poor persons in the hospital aforesaid, only shall remain and continue during the pleasure of us and our heirs and successors, and no longer, (any thing in these presents contained to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding.) We will, also, and by these presents, do grant to the aforesaid mayor and burgesses of the town or borough, that they may have, and shall have, these our letters patent, under our great seal of England, in due form, made and sealed without fine, or great or small fee, in any manner, by reason thereof, to be yielded, paid, or rendered to us, in our hanaper, or elsewhere, for our use, so that express mention of the true annual value, or any other values, or a certainty of the premises, or any of them, or of any other gifts or grants heretofore, made by us, or by any of our ancestors or progenitors, to the aforesaid mayor and" ]

[ "A REBUFF. 69 I had never been warned that the king was less anxious for my coming than were his Ministers, nor that the prin cipal argument used by his chiefs to induce him to dismiss Mr Baker was that they were quite prepared to govern their country without help from any foreigner. It flashed through my mind that I might stand on my dignity as the emissary of a foreign Government sent at the king's own request conveyed through his chief Minister, and insist upon the choice between admitting me to the Council or allowing me to resign and leave Tonga; but with the thought came the reflection that he would either admit me unwillingly, and henceforth regard me with suspicion, or accept my resignation. In the latter event I should return to Fiji to confess myself unable to do the work I had un dertaken : and English interests would be in a worse posi tion than if I had never come ; for with their sovereign's views every Tongan would agree, the Government would flounder deeper into the mire, and the German Vice-Con sul would be invited to give the aid in financial matters that I had failed to afford. So during the silence that followed the king's last remark, my mind was made up ; I would simply stand where I was, and pretend not to hear what was said. Fatafehi's elbow was close to me, and I fell back upon the undignified expedient of pinching it. He understood, and began to shout persuasive words into the king's ear. \" Pardon me,\" he said, \" it is about the money. Which of us understands the way of money, and such foreigners' things ? But this gentleman will explain it all to us : he is here only as an expounder.\"", "218 ODIUM THEOLOGIGUM. have made for you. It is our farewell to you : do not be angry with us that we are going to leave you for a time. AVe are your children, but for a time we are going to worship the god of the foreigners : nevertheless, be not angry with us ! \" Then the gods consumed the spiritual essence of the meat, and the missionary and his suite ate its grosser material fibre and enjoyed it very much. To the converted native the heathen gods are not always false gods ; they continue to exist, but they have been deserted for a time in favour of the gods of the foreigners. This is why relapses into heathenism on the part of the most promising converts will always be so dangerously easy. The spirits of their ancestors are to them what Baal and Bimmon were to the people of Israel — existing beings, who may at any time become malignant and demand propitiatory sacrifice. With so thin a curtain drawn between the old and the new faith, the fickleness of the natives, and the coolness that always follows hard upon the white heat of conversion, have doubtless each contributed their share to the decay of mission influ ence ; but I venture to assert that the main cause has been the unseemly dissension between the Churches, and the enlistment of the natives in feuds utterly un worthy of the Christianity the missionaries profess to be teaching. I do not forget that the Wesleyans were first in the field, and that all these evils might have been avoided if, as in British New Guinea, the Churches had agreed upon exclusive spheres of influence, with well-defined boun daries for each mission. But the time for that has gone by, and it remains for the missions to look to the concli-", "308 A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF TONGA. are known to have settled in Mangaia to the eastward, and in Ongtong Java to the westward, — castaways, per- The Tongiaki,1 the canoe, jww obsolete, in which the early voyages of the Tongans were made. (From a plate in the British Museum.) haps, who fought their way into the possession of lands belonging to the aborigines. II. THE COMING OF THE FOREIGNERS. Under a strong central Government, knowing nothing of civil disturbances, never called upon to repel invasions from without, the people had time to digest the new in- 1 Unlike the Fijian canoe, the Tongiaki had a fixed bow, and went about like the modern cutter. In tacking, the sail was unlaced from the yards and carried to leeward of the mast. It was entirely displaced by the more complicated Ndrua of Fiji about the beginning of this century. Both Schouten and Captain Cook give detailed descriptions, and I have an excellent model built for me under King George's directions." ]

[ "86 TRAVELS IN GREECE. with the removal of the altar, the pulpit, and the sundial, Pnyx may be deemed to have undergone no very material alteration. It had formerly many houses about it, and that region of the city was call ed by its name. Cimon, with Elpinice his sister, lived in Pnyx ; and Plato relates of the earlier Athens, that it had extended on one side of the Acropolis toward the rivers Eridanus and Ilissus, and on the other had comprised Pnyx, having beyond it mount Lycabettus u. CHAP. XIV. STORY OF THESEUS A TEMPLE ERECTED TO HIM THE DECO- RATIONS PRESENT STATE OF THE TEMPLE THE SCULP- TURES GYMNASIUM OF PTOLEMY. We proceed now to the temple of Theseus. This most renowned hero, it is related, was born at Trœ zen, a city of the Peloponnesus, and was the son of Neptune and Ægeus, king of Athens, by Æthra daughter of Pittheus. His mother conducted him, when sixteen years old, to a rock, beneath which Ægeus had deposited his sword and slippers. She directed him to bear these pledges to Athens ; and he resolved to go by land, though the way was full of perils. In Epidauria he was stopped by Peri phetes, whom he slew, and afterwards carried about his weapon, which was a club, in imitation of Her cules. Sinis or Pityocamptes, whose haunt was by the Isthmus of Corinth, had been accustomed to u Lycabettus.] The site of the edifice is upon Lycabettus, con sequently could not be Pnyx, being beyond that region. R.", "200 TRAVELS IN GREECE. church at Cephisia, and is among the marbles given by Mr. Dawkins to the university of Oxford. This represented Pollux, but the head is wanting. It is inscribed with an affectionate address to him ; after which the possessor of the spot is required, as he re spects the gods and heroes, to protect from violation, and to preserve clean and entire, the images and their bases ; and if he failed, severe vengeance is im precated on him, that the earth might prove barren to him, the sea not navigable, and that perdition might overtake both him and his offspring ; but if he complied, that every blessing might await him and his posterity. Another stone, with a like for mulary, was seen there by Mr. Wood ; and a third near Marathon. We dismounted about sunset at a place almost deserted, called Stamati ; and after supper lay down to sleep beneath a spreading vine before the cottage of an Albanian. Early in the morning I proceeded, with a guide, to examine an inscription of which a peasant had given me information ; quitting the straight road to Marathon, between which place and Athens was once a town named Pallene. We soon entered between two mountains, Pentele ranging on our right ; and on the left, one of Diacria, the region extending across from mount Parnes to Brauron. Tarrying to water our horses near some houses, I was presented by an Albanian with a handful of white roses fresh gathered. We penetrated into a lonely recess, and came to a small ruined church of St. Dionysius standing on the marble heap of a tro phy, or monument, erected for some victory obtained by three persons named Ænias, Xanthippus, and", "250 TRAVELS IN GREECE. I landed on Cynosura, and examined some remains, consisting of a few stones with a fragment or two of white marble, while the wherries doubled the cape. We then crossed over to the opposite coast of the bay, where are vestiges of the city. In Salamis, says Pausanias, on this side is a tem ple of Diana, and on that has stood a trophy for the victory obtained by Themistocles, and there is the temple of Cychreus. The trophy was probably a column adorned with arms, which had been thrown down before his time. The remnants on Cynosura, it has been supposed, belonged to this monument ; and the defeat of the Barbarians, as those enemies of Greece were styled, may have given rise to the name Panto Barbaro, by which the cape is now distin guished. The church of St. Nicholas perhaps occu pies the site of the temple of Cychreus. A serpent, which was seen in the Athenian ships while engag ing the Medes, was believed, on the authority of Apollo, to have been this hero. The city of Salamis was demolished by the Athe nians, because in the war with Cassander it surren dered to the Macedonians, from disaffection. In the second century, when it was visited by Pausanias, some ruins of the agora, or market-place, remained, with a temple and image of Ajax ; and not far from the port was shewn a stone, on which, they related, Telamon sate to view the Salaminian ships on their departure to join the Grecian fleet at Aulis. The walls may still be traced, and, it has been conjectur ed, were about four miles in circumference. The level space within them was now covered with green corn. The port is choked with mud, and was partly dry. Among the scattered marbles are some with" ]

[ "284 THE CITY OF THE MAGYAR. the same advantages as those afforded to the more wealthy. Some of the pupils do not pay more than three silver florins yearly, and none exceed nine, whatever may be their means. The great expense is the engagement of private tutors from among the Togati, who are paid according to their talents, and who maintain themselves prin cipally by tuition. Thus it will be seen that the \" semi-barbarous\" Magyars are not living quite in the state of igno rance and inertness which party spirit and political feeling have tried to make us believe in England. I do not say that the students are dandies or elegants, but I can assert that they are by no means so elaborately impertinent as many of our own Oxonians and Cantabs, nor so fantastically boorish as the German Biirschen. Debretzin may be termed the head-quarters of Hungarian Calvinism ; and all the students leave her college both staunch Protestants and loyal Magyars. The Lutherans are more numerous in the northern and easterly parts of the country, and as I have already mentioned, include both Germans and Sclaves.", "299 THE CITY' OF THE MAGYAR. which has induced travellers to assert that the Hungarian nobles are altogether exempt from taxation of any kind. It is also worthy of mention that as early as the eleventh century, during the reign of Bela the First, the Magnates took with them to the Diet a great number of Commoners, with whom they voted and acted in conjunction ; and that a law was passed under Matthias Corvinus, en forcing the taxation of the Nobles for the liquida tion of the county expenses. Two admirable examples of tolerance and equity, which were they followed .in the present day, would do more to accelerate civilization, and forward the moral regeneration of the country, than half the modern innovations. It is certain that the great evil in Hungary con sists not so much in the laws themselves, as in their imperfect administration, and the defective manner in which they are understood ; for not withstanding that there are many points in the constitution which are extremely faulty, particu larly those relating to the privileged and unpri vileged classes ; yet are there others which have", "318 THE CITY OF THE MAGYAR. to leave them to encounter the casualties incidental to his absence from home. It is very common to see nine horses in these waggons, four abreast next the vehicle, preceded by three, and these again by two. The driver sits on the front of the carriage with a long whip, and the reins of rope carelessly dangling from his hand ; the animals are tied together with cords in a most primitive manner, and look as though they would all break loose before they had travelled a mile; but as though such an event were altogether out of the question, they tear along the bad roads at full gallop, with their heads down, one turning to' the right, another to the left, a third running straight forward, but all brought into order in turn by the voice of the driver, who keeps up a con tinual feu de joie of reproach and encouragement that quite supersedes the use of the whip, which is rather carried as a plaything than as a mean of correction. \" Where are you running to, Rose ? Do you want to upset us into the ditch? Fritz, my beauty, pull away ; you are worth a thousand sluggards." ]

[ "200 THE LOST INHERITANCE. days of chUdhood, before she had become aware of the importance of events, and saw those consequences attend everything. And Adeline had been happy, she had been the sole object of Vernon's attention ; he had given her every thought, and his conversation had amused and excited her. What girl would not have looked back with pleasure to a day spent in such circumstances ? I cannot describe the sweet, tender feelings Vernon had experienced, he had been as it were, in some dream ; sitting near her, reading to her, getting anything she required, hearing her voice, sunning himself in her smUes, to haA-e the power of doing aU this, Avas e\\'erything to him — he Avent away that night more com pletely, more entirely her slave than ever, only anxious for the morrow ; — could he always enjoy such days, he Avould not have been sorry for Adeline's ancle to haA-e been rather tardy in recoA-ery. He liked so to knoAv that he was of some use to her, that he prevented her feeling her confinement to the sofa so irk some.", "THE LOST INHERITANCE. 265 Murray's face at this remark, but he added carelessly : \" What is to be done ? some military baU in prospect, where Vernon is to be a hero ?\" \" Have you not heard the news of their engagement ? Do not pretend to be so ignorant, Murray.\" \" Indeed, I did not know of it ; weU, I think they AA-U1 suit very weU.\" He then turned away, and I fancied I saw a shght frown on his brow; however, he was far too complete a master of himself to aUow his feehngs to be apparent, or his curiosity to be noticed. Marion sung that night with more than her usual expression ; eA-en Stanley, who Avas generaUy a careless Ustener to music, was rivetted by the pathos of her voice as she uttered those beautiful hnes of Moore's \" All that's bright must fade, the brightest stUl the fleetest,\" and a shade of deep feeling Avas in Murray's eye; he was extremely fond of music, not perhaps as the scientific love it, for he was utterly ignorant of its intricate harmonies and combinations ; but as it appealed to the heart,", "THE LOST INHERITANCE. 231 increased her deA-otion, for he needed sympathy and soothing, and this she yearned to give him ; had he been always cool and reasonable, al though she might have revered him more, she could not have poured such a flood of endearing love over him, as now when he had confessed he had erred, and had thrown himself upon her gentleness for forgiveness. She now felt that whde he was strong and noble, and able to stem the rough current of the world, yet that his proud spirit would need all the sweet ministerings of woman's love ; and she knew that an unceasing fountain of it was swelling in her breast which would never tire of pouring its Avaters over his soul. I beheve that Avith pure-hearted, ardent feeling women hke Marion, this love for those who are morady unhappy, if such a term be admissible, is deeply rooted. I hav7e seen them straggle against indifference, against unkindness and neglect, with a patient smde of affection," ]

[ "12 THE BARN STORMERS. wish to close with offer, and shall accept services of another lady who has already applied for the position.\" Good gracious ! And this was Wednesday morn ing ! The shock of those potent words, the \" other lady,\" was too much for Monica's mental balance. Poignant jealousy set in. Rather than that greedy wretch should have the engagement, Monica would take it herself, even if there had been no salary attached at all. She dressed hastily, and pale with the excitement of her decision, flew out into thc street, and sent her acceptance along the wires to Mr. Scott Ambler, Colosseum Theatre, Bagra, Ohio.", "216 THE BARN STORMERS. superfluous supply of vaseline. Never once during the entrancing process did he remove his eyes from the lined mask which hid the beauty of her young face. He drew long, ecstatic breaths as she rolled her handkerchief, torn in two parts, round his awkwardly extended digits. Her lashes had been downcast throughout, but as she fastened the last of the safety-pins which were to hold the impromptu bandages in place, she lifted them, as by an effort, toward which she had been forcing herself for some anxious moments. \" There ! \" she exclaimed. \" I am sure that will keep the hands from blistering. Thank you, again, very much, for what you have done. I want to tell you that I think the more of your kindness after what has passed.\" \"Are we go'n' to be friends again ? \" he asked. \" Yes. We'll forgive and forget, won't we ? I took offence where none was meant, maybe, and you — you'll be more careful of my feelings after this, I'm sure.\" \" I'll do anything — before the Lord I will, Miss Nairne. You don't know what I've gone through on your account this week. I've been half crazy — you bet I have.\" \" You take things too hard,\" she answered uneasily. \" We are only slight acquaintances, you know. But ifyou want to please me, really, and win my friend ship, you'll turn over a new leaf, and make yourself worthy of a woman's respect.\"", "THE BARN STORMERS. 341 bonnets, with bilious babies in their arms, dawdled out of mysterious places of concealment. Young girls stopped manipulating their omnipresent chew ing-gum in the interest of this providentially pro vided entertainment. Grey-headed darkies scratched their matted wool with ash-coloured fingers, and turned up their whortle-berry-and-skim-milk eyes. Young darkies frankly showed their ivories and coral-pink gums. Little boys of the \" poor white trash \" order danced with glee at the ignominious fall of the elegant \" city boss.\" \" Oh my, hi ! ain't he a mud-pie ? Wat 'ud yo' take to eat him ? \" yelled one. \" Reckon you'm had yo' peck o' dirt all to onct, mistah ! \" kortled another of larger growth, gingerly extending a stick to the dripping, inchoate object, as he might or might not have done to a drowning mongrel. \" Say, boss, how much'll yo' gib us ef we fish so' yo' nice high hat ? \" chirped an adventurous third, and a chorus of irrepressible juvenile yells arose, as at length a huge, muddy scarecrow emerged, swear ing such oaths as delighted Moonsville had seldom been treated to before, from the hospitable bosom of the swamp. Jewett had had enough. He was not equal to playing future games of cards with Randolph. The joker had taken all his tricks." ]

[ "VI LETTORI COSTANZO GAZZERA Il presente volume dei Monumenti di Storia Patria non comprende che un solo lavoro di argomento storico, il quale ci siamo con tanto maggiore fiducia determinati a fare di pub blica ragione colla stampa , non tanto perché fosse questa da molto tempo, e con univer sale desiderio di tutti i cultori della Storia nostra, invocata ed attesa, quanto e molto più per l'importanza dell'argomento in esso svolto, e per il modo col quale venne con dotto dall'Autore.", "XVII che in numero si scorgevano sparse per le circostanti campagne, visitate ed estratte le principali carte dagli archivi della città , del castello , del vescovato , dell' abazia di S. Ponzio e dei principali comuni della con tea , si trovò aver raccolta tal messe di no tizie e di documenti importantissimi , che lo posero in grado , non più di quattro anni dopo aver terminato il corso co' suoi studi, di far di pubblico diritto colla stampa il bello e dotto lavoro della Nicaea civitas. La Civica Amministrazione, conosciuta l'importanza del dotto lavoro, dal quale era per tornare sommo lustro alla patria comune, volle che ne fosse procurata la stampa col pubblico danaro ; né tale previdenza andò fallita, che uscita ap pena dai torchi l'opera della Nicaea civitas, salì in altissimo grido, e giuste lodi le tri butarono, oltre molti altri letterati di ogni paese, gli eruditissimi autori dell'esita San ctovum; ed il Burmanno, nel collocarla, come fece, nel suo Tesoro delle storie italiane, con dedica al Re nostro Vittorio Amedeo II, la volle accompagnata da larghi e giustissimi ■2", "XXXII poi della citta e castello di Nizza , nei mesi di marzo e aprile del presente anno 1691. Nizza, Romero, in-/|°. La svelano lavoro dell' Abate di S. Ponzio la dettatura , lo stile e l'indole della narrazione, non che l'aver ri trovati nelle sue carte alcuni fogli di essa , scritti di proprio pugno del Gioffredo." ]

[ "23 and Avranches; but at length a peace was con cluded, by which it was stipulated that hall the island of Guernsey should be given to lhe abbey of Mont Saint-Michel'. The horrible famine which prevailed in Normandy from io3i to io34, the suffer ings of his people , and probably compunc tions of conscience prompted Robert to undertake a voyage to Jerusalem , previously to which , he named William , the son of Arlette *, then only six years old , his suc cessor, and the duke of Brittany regent. He gave no mean opinion of Norman grandeur at tjie coKrts of Rome and Cons tantinople; having had his mules shod with gold , while he himself proudly refused to resume the splendid dresses which he had taken off, when going into lhe presence of the Emperor , observing that ' dresses which had touched the ground were no longer fit for the Normans3'. He died of fever in Bythinia on his return , and William — better known as the Conqueror , — had a ' M. Houel. 2 The English word Harlot is said to have been derived from this lady's name. 3 M- Houel.", "204 Nicholas Francis, who was the last Montgommery' in France; he died in 1721 , and bequeathed bis lordship to his niece la rnarqirisc de Thiboutet. The arms of the house are ' d'azur au lion d'or arme et lampasse d'un casque de comte orne de ses lambre quins ' ; and the devise ' garde bien '. Richard Montgommery , who was born in the north of Ireland in 1737, was probably descended from thi* laird of Braidstanes. He was highly distinguished in the Canadian warfare in 1756 , and then settled in the state of New-York ; he afterwards held a high command in the American service, and witji 3,000 men attempted to expel the English from iheir posses sions in Canada. He took Montreal, and joined colonel Arnold in thc attack upon Quebec, but fell in a sin gularly gallant manner in the attack upon that fortress, lamented and honoured by both armies. Thc congress have erected a monument to his memory in New-York . some blunder here, for he state* that James left only a daugh ter ; yet soon afterwards he tells us, lhat Mrholas Francis was liis sen. ffiffi®*'", "213 of the goblin hunters , who had already surrounded the house of the official whose dame had compassionately af forded a hiding place to the hunted demon , which , having gained the roof of the house , escaped once more from its pursuers. Tracked again , it again took slight , and was again compassionated by another dame , and pur sued afresh ; and thus he fled from wife to wife , husband after husband ever at his heels. At length , wishing to escape from them at any hazard , and aided by Isele, niece of the provost of the fishery , it succeeded in shutting itself up in the dovecot of that worthy man. But the pursuers arrived there nearly at the same time ; finding therefore that he was so hard pressed , the ware -wolf was compeUed to remain amongst the pi geons. The old woman Saint-Sever, who directed the troop of hunters , opened the door of the pigeon house , and after sprinkling it with holy water , took a torch , and bending low crossed the threshold. ' By my monk's habit , cried the verger, it is a chris tian ! ' — ' And a christian of our acquaintance , added the official.'— 'It is Raoul, my lord's page, exclaimed all the confused an*astonished husbands in a breath.' ' It is the devil who has taken his form, cried dame Samp-Sever at the top of her voice, it is the devU; he may escape , be not too sure of him , he may slip fron us in thc shape of a toad , or evaporate in a Hue llauie. '" ]

[ "IN A GLASS DARKLY. 2 tions, well known to the sages of eight hundred years ago, and two of which are still, he alleges, known to the fraternity of thieves, and, among them, as police-office inquiries sometimes disclose to this day, in practical use. The Essay, Mortis Imago, will occupy as nearly as I can, at present, calculate, two volumes, the ninth and tenth, of the col lected papers of Doctor Martin Hesselius. This Essay, I may remark, in conclusion, is very curiously enriched by citations, in great abundance, from mediæval verse and prose romance, some of the most valuable of which, strange to say, are Egyptian. I have selected this particular statement from among many cases equally striking, but hardly, I think, so effective as mere narratives, in this irregular form of publi cation, it is simply as a story that I present it.", "THE DRAGON VOLANT. 55 tailor would fine-draw an old-coat. Parbleu ! gentlemen, if you saw me naked, you would laugh ? Look at my hand, a sabre-cut across the palm, to the bone, to save my head, taken up with three stitches, and five days afterwards I was playing ball with an English general, a prisoner in Madrid, against the wall of the convent of the Santa Maria de la Castita ! At Arcola, by the great devil him self ! that was an action. Every man there, gentlemen, swallowed as much smoke in five minutes as would smother you all, in this room ! I received, at the same moment, two musket balls in the thighs, a grape shot through the calf of my leg, a lance through my left shoulder, a piece of a shrapnel in the left deltoid, a bayonet through the cartilage of my right ribs, a sabre-cut that carried away a pound of flesh from my chest, and the better part of a congreve rocket on my forehead. Pretty well, ha,", "164 IN A GLASS DARKLY. discretion. I shall respect you accordingly.\" \" Mademoiselle would despise me, were I to violate a confidence.\" \" But you don't deceive me. You imitate your friend's diplomacy. I hate diplomacy. It means fraud and cowardice. Don't you think I know him. The gentleman with the cross of white ribbon on his breast. I know the Marquis d'Harmonville perfectly. You see to what good purpose your ingenuity has been expended.\" \" To that conjecture I can answer neither yes nor no.\" \" You need not. But what was your mo tive in mortifying a ladv?\" \"It is the last thing on earth I should do.\" \" You affected to know me, and you don't ; through caprice or listlessness or curiosity you wished to converse, not with a lady, but with a costume. You admired, and you" ]

[ "THE POLL TAKEN AT THE ELECTION OF TWO MEMBERS, FOR THE BOROUGH OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE JULY 25, 1837. CANDIDATES. WILLIAM ORD, Esq. JOHN HODGSON HINDE, Esq. CHARLES JOHN BIGGE, Esq. JOHN BLENKINSOPP COULSON, Esq. AUGUSTUS HARDING BEAUMONT, Esq. ANTHONY NICHOL, Esq., Sheriff. GEORGE WAUGH STABLE, Esq., Undbr.Sheriff NEWCASTLE: PRINTED BY T. AND J. HODGSON, UNION STREET 1837*", "10 POLL BOOK. 0.[H. B. C.jBt Burnup, John, Derwent-place, ... ... — Burnup, William, Eldon-place, F., ... ... — — Burnup, William, Westgate-street, ... ... — — Burrell, Isaac, Forth-street, ... ... ... — — Burrell, James, St. Mary 's-place, F , ... ... — — Burrell, John, South-street, ... ... ... — — Burrett, Thomas, Forth Banks, F., ... .. — — Burton, William, Rosemary-lane, F., .. ... — — Bustin, George, Saville-row, ... ... ... — — Butterly, George, Skinner-burn, ... ... — — Byne, Charles-Poyntz, Sheriff-hill, Durham, F., ... — — Cail, Richard, Northumberland-street, F., ... — — Cairns, James, Picton -terrace, ... ... — — Calbreath, James, Liverpool-street, F., ... — — Calbreath, Robert, Newgate-street, F., ... — — Caley, William, Leazes-terrace, ... ... — — Cameron, John, Egypt, F., ... ... ... + Campbell, Edward-Hall, Jun., Ellison -place, ... — — Campbell, Murdock, Trafalgar-street, ... ... — — Campbell, Thomas, St. Nicholas'-church-yard, ... — — Campbell, William, Dean-street, ... ... -\\- Campbell, William, Peacock's-entry, F., ... — — Cant, George, Bigg-market, F., ... ... — — Cant, George, Jun , Low Friar-street, F., ... — — Cant, John, Monk-street, F., ... ... ... — — Capstaff, Isaac, St. Peter's-quay, F., ... .. Cargill, Thomas, Eldon-square, ... ... — — Cargill, William, 12, Blackett-street, F., ... — — Cairns, George, Heaton, .. ... ... — — Carlisle, John, Gateshead, ... ... ... — — Carmichael, John- Wilson, Percy-street, ... — — Carnaby, Anthony, Gallowgate, F., ... ... — — Carnaby, John, Gallowgate, F., ... .. Carnaby, Ralph, Close, F., ... ... .. — Carnaby, Robert, Butcher-bank, F., ... ... — — Carnaby, Robert, Gallowgate, F., ... ... Carnaby, William, Gallowgate, F., ... ... Carr, Fenwick, St. Peter's-quay, F., ... ... + Carr, James, Pilgrim-street, ... ... ... — — Carr, James, Trafalgar-street, ... ... ... — — Carr, John, Bird's-nest, Byker, F., ... ... — — Carr, John, Close, F., ... ... ... — Carr, John, Hillgate, Gateshead, F., ... ... Carr, John, Villa-place, ... ... ... Carr, John- Thomas, Hanover-square, ... .. — Carr, Joseph, Pilgrim-street, ... ... .. Carr, Lancelot- Stobart, Blenheim-street, ... Carr, Mark, Percy-street, F., ... ... ... Carr, Richard, Jun., Percy-street, F., ... ... Carr, Robert, Elswick-terrace, F., ... ...", "48 POLL BOOK. 0.. II. B. C. Bt. Robson, Thomas, Howard-street (late Wall-knoll), F., — — Robson, Thomas, Manors, F, ... ... — — Robson, Thomas, New-road, F., ... ... +■ Robson, Thomas, New-road, F., ... ... — — Robson, Thomas, Northumberland-street, ... — — Robson, Thomas, New Pandon-street, l'\\, ... Robson, William, Dean-street, .. .. — — Robson, William, Forth-terrace, ... .. — — Robson, William, Green-court, ... .. — — Robson, William, Manor-chare, F., ... .. 4- Robson, William, New Pandon-street, F., ... — — Robson, William, New-road, ... ... Robson, William, Northumberland-street, ... — — Robson, William, Paradise, ... ... — — Robson, William, Stamfordham-place, ... ... Robson, William, 2, Stamfordham-place, ... — — Robson, William, Sunnyside, ... ... — — Robson, William, William-street, ... ... — — Rochester, Thomas, Pilgrim-street, F., ... — — Rodham, Thomas, High-bridge, ... .. — — Rogers, Arthur, Leazes-terrace, .. ... — — Rogers, William, Windmill-hills, Gateshead, ... — — Rogerson, Thomas, Oxford-street, ... ... — — Rollins, John, Back-row, F., ... ... — — Roxby, Thomas, Ouseburn Bridge, ... ... — — Ross, William, Pandon-bank, ... ... — — Routledge, Christopher, Denton-chare, ... — — RoutleJge, John, Hanover-square, ... ... — — Routledge, James, Trafalgar-street, F., ... ... — — Routledge, Robert, New Pandon-street, F., ... — — Row, John-Burnett, Sandgate, F., ... ... — — Rowe, Jeremiah, Close, ... ... ... — — Rowe, Robert, Side,... ... .. ... 4. Rowell, John, Northumberland-street, ... ... — — Rowell, John, 18, Pipewellgate, Gateshead, F., ... — — Rowell, Joseph, Pilgrim-street, . ... ... — — Rowell, Robert, Percy-street, F., ... .. 4. Rowell, Samuel, 74, Northumberland-street, F., ... — — Rowell, William, Thornton-street, ... ... — — Rowland, George, High Elswick, F., ... ... — — Reucastle, James, Howard-street, F., .. ... — — Rucastle, John, WTestgate, ... ... ... — — Russell, Frederick, North-shore, ... ... — — Russell, John, St. Peters, ... ... ... — — Russell, Peter, Willington, F., ... ... ... — — Russell, Robert, Groat-market, ... ... — — Rutherford, George, Westgate, ... ... Rutherford, James, Cloth-market, ... ... — — Rutherford, John, Newgate-street, ... ... — — Rutherford, John-Haswell, Sandgate, F., ... — — Rutherford, William, 27, Butcher-bank, ... 4." ]

[ "1 Molen, ein Land, ein Volt und ein Staat fast nur durch Unglück denkwürdig, umfaßte seit 1000 Jahren die größte Ebene Europas, hatte, Litthauen mit eingeschlossen, vor der ersten Theilung 1773 einen Flächenraum von mehr als 13,000 Quadratmeilen, auf welchem 15 Millionen Menschen unter der Herrschaft von nahe einer halben Million adlicher Herren eben fo wenig ihrer republikanischen Freiheit wie der großen Fruchtbarkeit ihres Bodens theilhaftig wurden. Die verschiedensten, unermeßlichen Naturprodukte sowie der ausgebreiteste Handelsverkehr, den die schiffbaren Ströme dem Lande nach der Ostsee und dem schwarzen Meer hin zu den entlegensten Welttheilen darboten, würden dieses Volt zur glücklichsten Nation gemacht haben können. Allein die Gewerbe lagen darnieder, so daß außer in Warschau, Bromberg, Posen und einigen ähnlichen Städten nur die Peitsche die Seele der National-Oelonomie vertrat und jede Thätigkeit des Erfindungsgeistes in den Branntweinschenken der Juden ersäuft wurde. Das Volk, ein Zweig der Sarmaten, erlangte in dem großen Völkergedränge der Gothen und Hunnen nach 200 jährigem Kriege mit den Germanen fomie durch die 1»", "94 gegen das eigene Vaterland als Vorläufer ihres Unter ganges kundgegeben , so daß' ihre Auflösung und Vernich tung nicht Wunder nehmen konnte. Nicht also war es mit der polnischen Nation beschaffen. In dem Augenblick als sie auseinllndergerissen und ihr Vaterland zerstückelt wurde, hatte das Nationalleben neue Kraftfülle und durch den Anblick der sie umstellenden mächtigen Feinde einen Auf schwung genommen, der dem innern Zwist ein Ende machte und alle Schichten des Volkes zu jenem Todesmuth für das Vaterland zu sterben, beifpiellos mächtig emporhob, der die Namen Kosciuszko, Dombrowsti und vieler anderen denkwürdigen Helden und Patrioten, in der Geschichte ver ewigt hat. Für solche Männer war das verlorene Vater land nicht mehr der Boden, auf dem sie länger verweilen mochten. Die Unabhängigkeit und Freiheit suchten sie in fernen Landen und- fanden sie in Frankreich , das Polens treuster Verbündeter zu allen Zeiten geblieben und eben damals dieselben Mächte, die ihr Vaterland zerstückelt, mit Krieg überzogen hatte. Die Kriegesthaten der polnischen Legionen weiden noch gegenwärtig von Mund zu Munde getragen, durch Gesang und Lied und füllen die Kriegesjahrbücher der Heere des verjüngten Frankreichs. Ein Ausschuh von der polnischen Emigration wurde zu Paris tmd Venedig errichtet. Der General Dombrowsti vereinigte die Trümmer seiner zer streuten Waffenbrüder und bildete aus ihnen die ersten Legionen. Die Schlachttage von Novi, Modena und Neapel waren Zeuge ihrer alten Tapferkeit. Der damalige con sularische General Bonaparte zählte sie zu den besten Trup pen im ganzen Verlauf feiner denkwürdigen Feldzüge in Italien. Die Legion „der Donau\" — so wurde sie ge-", "207 Der jetzt einstweilige russische Obergeneral Toll machte jedoch schnell eine wohl berechnete Scheinbemegung gegen Sierock, die den um Warschau beängstigten Skrzynecki be- wog, den, den Feind noch nicht erreichten Rybinski nicht blos, sondern auch den Iantowski zurückzuberufen. Der Letztere würde zwar den General Rüdiger, der durch dessen Vorhut unter den Obersten Turno bereits in die Flucht geschlagen war, noch bevor er die Zurückberufungs - Ordre in den Händen hatte, gänzlich vernichtet haben können, allein weder Iantowski noch der von ihm zur Unterstützung der Vorhut abgesendete General Bukowski, konnten zum Angriff bestimmt werden. Der Letztere begab sich vielmehr auf den Rückmarsch und der gegen Kreutz dirigirte General Chrzanowski, statt diesen ebenfalls geschlagenen Feind ver- nichten zn können, mußte, in Folge der kläglichen Wen- dung, welche die Expedition genommen, von ihm ablassen, um nur mit Noth am 23. Juni durch eiuen schnellen Weichselübergang sich zu dem General Romarino nach San- domir zu retten. Die Generale Iantowski und Bukowski auf den Grund einer zu Gunsten der Russen in Galizien angezettelten und entdeckten Verschwörung dringend ver- dächtigt, ließ' der Obergeneral Skrzynecki nebst noch anderen sechs erräthern, unter diesen auch das verhaßte frühere Werkzeug des Großfürsten Konstantin, General Hurtig, zwar öffentlich verhaften, damit das, gegen die Missethäter erbitterte Volt, kaum nur mit Mühe von dem Fürsten Czartorysti beruhigt werden konnte; jedoch hatte er sich den gerechten Vorwurf zugezogen, wieder einmal durch Un entfchlosseuheit fein bedrängtes Vaterland und feine zweifel hafte Stellung zugleich empor zu heben, versäumt zu haben. Nachdem der zum Oberbefehlshaber der russifchen" ]

[ "124 BATTAGLIA DI CUSTOZA - RAPPORTO DEL GENERALE LAMARMORA occupava Goito stesso, Marmirolo e Roverbella , come riserva generale del movimento in avanti degli altri due Corpi, e complemento contro Man tova dell'occupazione offensiva divisata. « Il quartier generale principale doveva por tarsi in Valeggio, centro naturale di questa occu pazione. « Era prescritto che le divisioni marciassero con tutte le cautele necessarie dinanzi al ne mico. « 11 ponte di Goito, quelb gettati il 23 ai mo lini di Volta ed a Ferri, un altro da stabilirsi il 24 alla Torre di Goito, dovevano assicurarsi con teste di ponte ; i due di Monzambano e di Borsetto lo BATTAGLIA DI CL'STOZA. — Ferimento del principe Amedei erano abbastanza, dopo la forte occupazione mi litare delle alture che li fronteggiano. « Ma questa marcia in avanti , che sembrava dover condurre ad una semplice occupazione di posizioni, si cambiò , poco dopo il suo principio, in un serio combattimento su tutta la fronte delle nostre colonne. siva, potenti masse nemiche lasciarono le posizioni che tenevano lungo l'Adige a Pastrengo, a Chievo, e nel campo trincerato di Verona, e con una mar cia obliqua verso sud-ovest si disposero a contra starci l'indimane l'occupazione cui miravamo. Quasi tutte quelle forze si portarono ad occupare le forti posizioni delle colline tra Salionze, Oliosi, San Gior gio in Salice e Sommacampagna ; mentre masse « Nel pomeriggio del 23 e nella notte succes-", "126 BATTAGLIA DI CUSTOZA - RAPPORTO DEL GENERALE LAMARMORA cavalleggieri di Alessandria. I ripetuti ed energici sforzi del nemico sono resi vani da enormi per dite. Le due divisioni si riordinano, si collegano più regolarmente fra di loro , e rimangono tutta la giornata nella stessa posizione, da cui non mos sero se non per gli avvenimenti che succedevano sulle alture con sorte meno propizia. « A questo punto convien seguitare la marcia del 1° Corpo. « Perché questo Corpo potesse raggiungere le posizioni che doveva occupare, era stato stabilito dal suo comandante che la divisione Cerale mar ciasse da Monzambano su Castelnuovo ; la divisione Sirtori da Valeggio per Fornelli, San Rocco di Pa lazzolo, San Giorgio in Salice su Santa Giustina; la divisione Brignone da Pozzolo per Valeggio, Cu stoza, Sommacampagna a Sona ; la riserva del Corpo d'armata da Volta per N'aleggio a Castelnuovo su la grande strada, lasciando un battaglione di ber saglieri e uno squadrone in Valeggio , a guardia dei carriaggi che non dovevano oltrepassare que sto villaggio. « La 2a divisione (Pianell) era destinata a ri manere sulla destra del Mincio tra Pozzolengo e Monzambano, per osservare Peschiera. « Tutti questi movimenti cominciarono tra le 3 e le 4 antimeridiane del 24, ma alcune circostanze imprevedibili impedirono che si effettuassero con la connessione voluta da operazioni cospiranti allo stesso obbiettivo. rono sparati contro il 3° Corpo , e precisamente contro la divisione Principe Umberto. « Questo Corpo si era messo in marcia alle 2 antimeridiane su tre colonne per occupare la linea Sommacampagna-Villafranca, che gli era stata as segnata. « A destra la divisione Principe Umberto, diri gendosi su Villafranca, percorreva la strada di Ro verbella e Mozzecane. La divisione Bixio al centro, avviata alle Gonfardine, seguiva da Massimbona a Villafranca la strada che, volgendo a sinistra, tende a quella borgata. « La divisione Cugia a sinistra, per la strada da Pozzolo a Ramelli, Quaderni, Rosegaferro, co steggiando il piede delle colline , moveva verso Sommacampagna, ove doveva collegarsi a sinistra con la destra del-l° Corpo d'armata. « Seguiva in riserva la divisione Govone , che per la strada di Seivie, Bassanello, Quaderni e Ro segaferro, dirigevasi a Pozzo Moretto per ivi pren dere posizione. « La brigata di cavalleria (cavalleggieri di Sa luzzo e lancieri di Foggia) , in coda alla divisione Bixio, doveva stabilirsi in Rosegaferro. I cavalleg gieri di Alessandria erano distribuiti in squadroni fra le varie divisioni e il quartier generale del Corpo d' armata. Questo per la strada stessa te nuta dalla divisione Principe Umberto, alle 4 an timeridiane si portò da Goito a Villafranca. « Quest'ultima divisione giunse alle 5. 30 in nanzi a Villafranca. La sua avanguardia, composta di due battaglioni bersaglieri e uno squadrone cavalleggieri, traversò rapidamente Villafranca, che trovò sgombra ; esplorò le strade di Verona e Po vegliano, e scoperse a un miglio dal paese le estre me vedette nemiche. Il grosso della divisione ol trepassò Villafranca, e spiegò in prima linea la brigata Parma, a cavallo delle due strade che da Villafranca tendono a Verona e della strada ferrata. Non tardò l artiglieria nemica ad aprire un vivo fuoco ; e poco dopo sopraggiunse improvvisamente la cavalleria, la quale caricò con tant' impeto, che appena la brigata Parma ebbe tempo a formare i quadrati, entro uno dei quali (quello del 4° bat taglione del 49°) dovette chiudersi il giovane prin cipe con parte del suo stato-maggiore. Quest' at tacco fu ripetuto due volte, e due volte respinto dal fuoco della fanteria e dell artiglieria , e dalle cariche di due squadroni cavalleggieri d'Alessan dria guidati dal loro bravo colonnello Strada. « 11 contegno della truppa fu vero modello di fermezza e di ardimento. 11 giovane erede della Casa di Savoja, che per la prima volta affrontava i periccb della guerra, die prova di quelle splen dide virtù militari che sono il retaggio secolare della sua stirpe. « Intanto la divisione Bixio, udito come alla sua destra la 16\" divisione si trovava impegnata in un serio combattimento, si porta rapidamente in linea spiegandosi sotto il fuoco nemico a sinistra e avanti Villafranca ; si collega colla sinistra di que sta divisione ; lotta colla propria contro l'artiglieria nemica, e respinge anch'essa i ripetuti attacchi della cavalleria , secondata pure dal reggimento « Anzitutto la 1 a divisione , invece di seguire l'itinerario prescrittole, si preoccupò del pericolo di trovarsi sotto il tiro del forte Monte Croce di Peschiera, e preferì discendere il Mincio fino a Va leggio in una sola colonna, con tutto il suo traino, per prendere di là la grande strada di Castelnuovo. Da ciò derivò perdita di tempo, ingombro di carri in Valeggio, ove affluivano contemporaneamente la truppa e i carriaggi della 5a divisione e della riserva , e' peggio ancora, che la 5a divisione, di rettasi da Valeggio verso Fornelli, si trovò scoperta a sinistra ; e incontrando il nemico verso Oliosi, si trovò impegnata in combattimento , avanti che la la e la 3a divisione potessero entrare in azione. « Vi è di più. « L'avanguardia della 5a divisione sotto gli or dini del maggior generale di Villahermosa , com-*. posta di due battaglioni del 19°, del 5U battaglione bersaglieri, uno squadrone di cavalleggieri di Lucca, una squadra di zappatori del genio e due pezzi , giunta a Fornelli, sbagliò strada ; ed anziché per correre la via secondaria di San Rocco di Palazzolo, s'impegnò in quella postale di Castelnuovo. « Onde, diventata avanguardia alla la divisione, che era in ritardo, anziché della propria, fu ca gione che questa si imbattè nel nemico senza aspet tarselo, e che il suo spiegamento e le sue prime disposizioni non poterono farsi senza una momen tanea confusione. Questo incontro ebbe luogo alla cascina Pernisa. « Il generale Sirtori spiegò la brigata Brescia e Una batteria a destra e a sinistra della casa, e la brigata Valtellina e un'altra batteria in seconda linea alla via Cava, con la destra a Santa Lucia", "171 VIENNA DOPO LA BATTAGLIA DI KOENIGGRATZ tre arciduchi feriti, i principi Lichtenstein e Win dischgratz fatti prigionieri, il generale Gablentz sparito, annegato nell'Elba un numero sterminato di soldati, ignoto il luogo del quartier generale, i prussiani alle porte di Vienna. « Vienna è nello stupore, — scrivevasi al Jour nal des Débats. E appena se pare si pensi che i prussiani son a tre giornate di cammino di qui ,\" che le popolazioni spaventate fuggono al loro av vicinarsi e che la strada della capitale è tutta quanta aperta al loro esercito trionfante. Ieri ho visto pas sar l'imperatore pallido, sprofondato nella sua car rozza e come^ disfatto dal dolore : e' recavasi al l'ambulanza. E ora la sua prima occupazione di ogni giorno dal principio di questa terribile guerra. A quattro ore di sera è giunto l'ultimo telegramma. Pareva che la città intiera ricevesse una medesima scossa elettrica. Dopo, colla riflessione, si produsse una reazione, e non si senti più discutere che sui modi da prendere per continuare la guerra contro la Prussia. cesi accettò la cessione del Veneto, cessione che fu annunziata all'Europa dalla nota seguente del Monileur universe!, del 5 luglio: « È accaduto un fatto importante. « Dopo aver salvato l onor delle sue armi in Italia, l'imperatore d' Austria, annuendo alle idee espresse dall imperatore Napoleone nella sua let tera diretta il dì 11 giugno al suo ministro degli esteri, cede la Venezia all'imperatore de' Francesi ed accetta la sua mediazione per ridurre a pace i belligeranti. « L'imperatore Napoleone s'è affrettato di rispon dere a questo appello e s' è immediatamente in dirizzato a' re di Prussia e d Italia per dar luogo ad un armistizio. » Questo « fatto importante » ci riconduce a parlar dell Italia e ad esporre quel che v' era avvenuto dopo il 24 giugno. Chiuderemo intanto questo capitolo con un arti colo tolto da un giorfiale di Vienna, il Didaskalia. È una scena pietosa e terribile, un lugubre quadro degli orrori che partorisce la guerra, — questa immensa violenza fatta alla natura ed al 1 umanità! « Si lavora notte e giorno a fortificar Vienna dalla parte di Florisdorff, dove mettono capo le strade per le quali verranno i prussiani. « Povera difesa questa di pochi bastioni alzati fra un esercito inebbriato del suo trionfo ed una popolazione demoralizzata ! Tutto concorre ad ab battere gli animi. Stamane si trasportò via in tutta fretta il materiale delle ferrovie del Nord, affinchè non cada in mano ai nemici. » « La mano di chi scrive queste righe è agitata da un tremito nervoso , il polso gli batte preci pitoso, gli occhi gli scottano, e tratto tratto, mentre scrive, una lagrima glimperla l'estremità delle ci glia, giacché ha passato una notte alla stazione del Nord. Ma dopo le prime ore di scoraggiamento si pensò a far fronte alla meglio al disastro, ad evitarne tutte le conseguenze. Il generale Benedek fu de stituito, ed il governo austriaco, implacabile contro i suoi generali quando si lasciano battere , fece arrestare e tradurre innanzi un consiglio di guerra i generali Clam-Gallas , comandante di corpo, ba rone Henikstein, capo dello stato -maggiore gene rale dell'esercito settentrionale, maggiore generale De Krismanic, sottocapo dello stesso stato-maggiore. L'arciduca Alberto diresse all'imperatore il se guente dispaccio: « Colo, 4 luglio 1866. « Conosce il lettore quella stazione sotto il suo nuovo aspetto? Il debarcadère, ove gli amici so gliono andar a dare il benvenuto agli arrivati è stato trasformato in un gigantesco spedale. Ivi il patriottico comitato di soccorso fa medicare i po veri feriti dell'esercito settentrionale. « — Volete apprezzare tutto l'orrore delle sven ture della guerra? mi disse un membro del co mitato di soccorso; ebbene! venite a passar con noi una notte alla stazione del Nord; sarete te stimone di scene tanto pietose che nessuna penna saprebbe descriverle, nessuna bocca narrarle. « Accettai l'invito. Aveva detto il vero : che me sto, che truce spettacolo ! « La sconfitta dell'esercito del Nord è una grande sventura, ma per questo nulla è perduto. « Nel 1809, alla sconfìtta di Ratisbona, seguì la bellissima vittoria di Aspern ! « Abbiamo ancora un'eguale prospettiva se non son presi da scoraggiamento nò l'esercito né il popolo. » Magro conforto! quella che gli austriaci chia mano battaglia di Aspern, è dai francesi chiamata battaglia di Essling ; essa fu ben altro che una vit toria austriaca. Rimase tutto al più indecisa, come la giudicano gli strategici e gli storici. La casa d'Austria, ridotta in si dure condizioni, deliberò allora di prendere un gran partito : ce dere il Veneto all'imperatore de'Francesi, ritirarne le truppe e farsene scudo contro l'esercito prus siano, che s' avvicinava alla capitale, affidandone il comando all'arciduca Alberto. « Era suonata la mezzanotte; il convoglio che doveva recare il primo trasporto di 300 feriti era aspettato all'una; già somma attività regnava nel debarcadère e nelle sale d'aspetto. Gl'impiegati del comitato portavano materasse e le ponevano lungo le mura della sala a vòlta; nelle sale d' aspetto s'allestivano letti per gli uomini gravemente feriti ed i medici preparavano le loro medicature; da ogni parte recavansi fasce, filacce e gli strumenti necessari a'chirurgi. « I membri del comitato di soccorso, l'instanca bile Boschan con la mirabile sua abnegazione, il giovane conte Wickemburg , il barone Kraus, il langravio Furstemberg, Franz Hautmann, proprie tario d'un albergo, il barone Gorup, il cavaliere Von Suttner, ecc. andavano e venivano, dando gli ordini necessari. Nella giornata\" del 4 un attivo scambio di tele grammi fu fatto fra la corte di Vienna e quella della Tuileries. Finalmente l'imperatore de'Fran- « Là vedonsi mucchi di sigari, qua brocche d'ac qua, centinaia di bicchieri già pieni di vino o di" ]

[ "96 EPISODIOS MARÍTIMOS El capitán Williams pasó al mando del vapor Maipo que montaba cinco cañones. En cambio, tomó su puesto, como segundo del capitán Goñi, el teniente 1.° don Ricardo Rogers, natural de Concepción, brillante i hermoso mestizo, hijo de un capitán ingles i de una chilena, como Williams, i que una muerte tan inesperada como lamenta ble arrebató al servicio de la República en sus mejores años. Ricardo Rogers pereció ahogado en la bahía de Caldera, cuando mandaba el vapor Maule en 1862, i ese dia, la naciente marina de Chile vistió luto, porque habia desaparecido uno de sus mas nobles jefes. Rogers no habia cumplido treinta años, i después de Williams era considerado la mejor esperanza de nuestra marina de guerra. IX. Por uno de esos signos del destino tan comunes en la vida del mar, el primer servicio de alguna nota que la Esmeralda prestó al país eu sus costas, fué el apresamiento de un buque mercante llama do el Sportman, que con bandera de Estados Uni dos i permiso de las autoridades bolivianas de Cobija, cargaba metales en la que entonces se lla maba bahía de Santa María, «diez leguas al sur de Mejillones», i que hoi es probablemente el puerto de Antofagasta o una de sus caletas mas", "276 EPISODIuS MARITIMOS notar la desaparición del trasporte conductor del elemento que en las guerras marítimas es hoi de mas entidad que la pólvora, i aunque se le buscó durante media hora, como prenda perdida en un paseo, gobernando los buques durante media hora hacia el sud-este, a las diez déla mañana volvióse a tomar la derrota del Callao, dándose por nuevo punto de cita a los seis buques del con^oi las is las de las Hormigas, grupo de peñones casi a flor de agua, situado 30 millas hacia el Oeste del Ca llao i fuera de la vista de sus vijías. El dado esta ba tirado. A. las tres de la tarde de ese dia, segundo de la marcha, hicieron se señales por la almiranta para «estrechar las distancias», i verificada esta ma niobra, pasó en un bote el mayor jeneral a comu nicar a cada comandante de buque las instruccio nes de la próxima i formidable batalla. VIII. Parecería, en virtud de noticias posteriores, que solo en ese dia el almirante comunicó su plan a su asesor civil, sin entrar por esto a disutirio. Pero de todas suertes, el atrevido propósito fué recibido con vivo regocijo a bordo de todos los buques, i desde ese momento comenzaron los aprestos del sañudo i ya próximo encuentro cuer po a cuerpo. Aunque la escuadra avanzaba lenta-", "EPISODIOS MARÍTIMOS 446 Habia recibido el joven i entusiasta cirujano hacia un escaso mes (el 14 de abril) sus despa chos de licenciado en medicina de la Universidad; pero con corazón verdaderamente coquimbano disputó a sus mas antiguos colegas el derecho i la gloria de ir «a morir por su patria». de la Independencia, su capellán, nn maestro de novicios de San Agustín de Lima, llamado Sotil. — «Después de decir algunos requiescat in pace, (cuenta un diario de Lima), i de pronuuciar algunos ego te absolvo, terció el hábito, i tomanda un rifle, se presentó en la cubierta de la Independencia, vivando a la pa tria, ni mas ni menos que aquellos valientes sacerdotes que con denuedo defendieron a Zaragoza, cuando los aguerridos soldados de Napoleón trataron de apoderarse de esa ciudad. — »Fuego, mucnachos! no hai que darse! fuego! fuego! mu chachos!, i el reverendo menudeaba que era una bendición. i) Para cargar se parapetaba dando vuelta a la chimenea del buque; mas para apuntar i descargar, diz que esclamaba: ¡cuer po afuera, fuego, muchachos! fuego! i llovían balas, i el R. P. parecíale como si estuviera en el coro de San Agustin oyendo el sonoro órgano. — »¡Quién dijo miedo! — repetía i cargaba i abría brecha en tre los enemigos: ¡fuego, fuego, muchachos! » Aquel padre estaba, nos dice quien nos ha hecho la referen cia, como para haberle retratado. »Ajil cómo un saltaperico, arrojado como un león, el padre Sotil hubiese querido ver un puente, una viga, cualquier cosa que pusiera a los buques en comunicación, para lanzarse, rifle en mano, contra las mismas filas enemigas i hacer morder el polvo a los chilenos. »Los agustinos, (concluía la relación), deben hallarse conten tísimos al saber el noble comportamiento, el heroico valor del padre Sotil»." ]

[ "captain norman's journal. 19 meters, steamed up to Port Chalmers, where the Harbor-master, Captain Thomson, took charge and moored the ship. At 11 a.m. proceeded to Dunedin, according to my instructions, to call upon the officer representing the Government, with refer ence to a supply of coal. Had an interview with His Honor the Superintendent, and presented letter (No. 4), reporting the arrival of the ship, and stating the service on which she was employed. At a meeting of the Provincial Council (which was immediately summoned by His Honor the Superintendent), it was decided that, although no instructions had been received from the General Government of New Zealand upon the subject, the Provincial Government would supply coal and provisions as may be required by the ship, and that they would settle the question of payments with the General Government (see letter No. 5). His Honor directed that orders, in accordance with this decision, should be at once forwarded to the contractors ; and, on my return to the ship, I found a collier alongside discharging coal. Thursday, 9th. — Coaling and effecting some necessary repairs. Tuesday, 14th ■ — At this port I first learned of the wreck of the Invercauld ; also of the Southland being despatched to search the Auckland Islands, and of her return, after having gone over part of the ground searched by us. Being now doubly satis fied that to return and continue the search, starting from the spot where the Invercauld was wrecked, would be a wasteful ex penditure, and His Honor the Superintendent being of the same opinion, I have decided on returning to Melbourne without delay. Thursday, 16th. — His Honor the Superintendent and the Mem bers of the Provincial Council, with some of the principal inhabi tants of Dunedin and Port Chalmers, visited and inspected the ship. Received a statement from Thomas Thomson, in reference to an old long-boat left by him at the Auckland Islands. — (See Enclosure No. 1.) Friday, 17th. — At 2-30 a.m. left Port Chalmers. At 3 a.m. passed over the bar. N.N.W. winds, increasing during the day ; glasses lowering fast from 29° 80' to 29° at 5 p.m., at which hour we anchored in Bluff Harbor, as the weather threatened for a gale. Captain Lowden, whose services were very acceptable in piloting the vessel round and into the anchorage, informs me that, before this ship had arrived on their coast, the pilots had decided to give their services gratis, in consideration of the mission on which the ship had been despatched. Saturday, 18th. — A heavy N.W. and S.W. gale, with several squalls. Bar. 29° 6'. Received invitation from His Honor the Superintendent and the inhabitants of Invercargil. — (See En closure, No. 2.) Sunday, 19th. — Very heavy rain until 9 a.m., then looking finer, weighed and stood out ; wind N.W., increasing, and squalls b 2", "captain musgrave's journal. 27 prints were nearly as large as those of a deer. But we saw no evidence of man ever having been here ; neither do I think it has ever been visited by man before, or the sealers would undoubtedly have made it their head-quarters. Mr. MacLellan, with his boat, met me at the entrance of the inlet, and reported numerous marks of pigs, but nothing else. We sailed together, and pro ceeded to Inlets Nos. 7, 8, and 9. Our crossing the entrance of No. 6, was the signal for the steamer to weigh aud follow us. Our examination of 7, 8, and 9, resulted in no new discoveries, but it is evident that pigs are very numerous about this part of the island ; they have no doubt been driven from the north end, but have not yet reached the southern parts. After an examina tion of Inlets 7 and 8, with my boat, I went on board the ship, which was laying off waiting for us. We then steamed up Inlet No. 9, and at 4 p.m., anchored at its head, about three miles from the sea, where we found the whaleboat. Shortly after anchoring, two parties went on shore ; we separated, each man going where chance or inclination might lead him, and wandered about until dark. We saw large beaten tracks made by pigs, and the ground everywhere uprooted by them, still we did not see any of the animals excepting a litter of young ones which were dead. We also found the remains of a wigwam ; sealers have most likely been here, but it is evidently very long ago. Seals, which appear to be very scarce just now, are more numerous here than we have seen them elsewhere. The wind was fresh from S.W. through out the day, with squalls and frequent showers of mist. Guns have been fired. October 13th. — This morning the hills were all white with snow ; at 5 a.m. we commenced to weigh, but just as we had got both anchors a snow storm came on, and it fell so thickly that we could not see ten yards, and were obliged to let go an anchor again. After breakfast the weather cleared ; we again hove up and steamed out, and along the shore to the northward, despatched the boats as yesterday, to examine all the bights between Inlet No. 9 and the N.E. cape of the island, which being satisfactorily done, without seeing anything to lead us to suppose that anyone has been here recently, we went on board ; nor did we find any traces of pigs. We now steamed round the N.E. cape, passing midway between the cape and a small islet which lays about two miles off it ; we then hauled in shore, and steamed quite slow, keeping as close in as was prudent, and firing guns, but saw nothing to attract our at tention. We passed Ewin or Green Island on the right, and Ocean Island on the left, and so entered Port Ross, and at about 2 p.m. anchored in Erebus Cove, and fired guns. Shortly after anchoring, Captain Norman, Colonel Smith, R.A., (who has been my boating companion on every occasion), and myself, landed in Erebus Cove, and sent the boat round to Lawrie Cove to wait for", "CAPTAIN MUSGRAVE'S JOURNAL. 35 Ross, but as the wind was not favorable we went direct to the ship, where we arrived at 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Captain Norman has decided on landing the remainder of the goats and the rabbits on Enderby Island ; and I think they are more likely to thrive there than anywhere else on the group. After dinner I accompanied Captain Norman on shore, to make a final inspection of the gardening, and the carving on the tree, which was finished, and the tree painted black and white, which will at once attract the attention of any one who may visit this harbor ; a sealed bottle, containing a letter describing the nature of our visit, was placed in a hollow at the foot of the tree, which bore the following inscription: — H.M.C.S. Victoria Norman, In search of Shipwrecked People. October 13th, 1865. Tandy, Gr. D. McLel .1. Nelson, Cr. E. Andrews, B F. Robinson D. McLeli.an, 2nd O. T. Granger, P M. D. MANGAN. When we returned on board, one anchor was picked up, and every thing ready for an early start in the morning, as we have done everything that we conceive to be necessary on the east side, and at this end of the island, and, weather permitting, we proceed to search its western shore. October 18th. — Light northerly airs and fine clear weather all this day. At 5 a.m. we weighed, and proceeded under steam to the sand bay, on the south side of Enderby Island, dropped the anchor in 8 fathoms water, and immediately sent on shore the remainder of the goats, and all the rabbits ; sowed some canary seed, and returned on board. WTe had no time for planting trees or sowing other seeds, as the wind was inclined to freshen and come from S.E., to which quarter this bay is open ; besides, delay would have caused a waste of fuel which we cannot afford ; and we expected to have required all the daylight we could get to enable us to get round the west coast to-day. On the N.E. end of Enderby Island there is another small sand beach, on which we saw a great number of sea-lions. In sailing round we kept close enough to see a seal, so that it would have been impossible for anything in the shape of wreck to have escaped our notice ; however, we saw nothing of that sort. The water was tolerably smooth, and we did not see anything like a break where Bristow Rock is said to be ; neither did Captain Norman and I see it when we were upon the hill on Enderby Island yesterday, although I saw a break covering considerable space in that direction when I was on the mountains the other day, so I have no doubt but there is a treacherous danger about the position given to the said rock, which C 2" ]

[ "Away and Forget. 42 indulge themselves provided they let me alone. And as for the parsons, why, they're not the only humbugs in the world, — are they, Rob ? \" Alan had noticed a very bright colour in the boy's cheek, and a flash in his eye which seemed to him ominous of a falling out between him and his host, and he lost no time in changing the subject of discussion, and resolutely prevented any return to it.", "Miss Fait Us Decided Step. 173 travelling alone, she annihilated him instantly with — \" Don't imagine /want you.\" So it was settled, but the next morning brought different ideas. \" Such a budget of letters for you, Aunt Judy ; one from Aunt Faith among them. Come, perhaps it will set your mind at rest, and make you alter your plans.\" Now Miss Faith's letters were always long, frequently incoherent, and always rather tedious to read. Her sister sighed as she looked at the three sheets of fine running hand, written in faint lilac ink, and entirely devoid of stops. \" Susannah Rae must have been dreaming,\" she said, as she laid down the first sheet. \" There's nothing the matter. The dining-room chimney has been smoking ; the cook has had two policemen to supper three times last week, — what does that signify? Faith has been making a scrap-book for Mr. O'Flaherty's little sister ; she is thinking of consulting Air. Cutthroat about her hair, which is turning grey. Of course it is, — what then ? I can't really read all these pages ; if there's anything wrong, it will be at the end.\" She took up the third sheet, and began reading in the middle. \" You see I write from Dover ; he wished to see Paris, and all places are the same ; he needs change of scene. I need nothing now ; love and sympathy, dear Judith — love and sympathy are balm and life to me.\" — \"W'hat's this! what's this!\" cried Miss Judy.— \" Paris,— he, — love and sympathy, — balm and life ; what does it all mean ? \" \" Read on, Aunt Judy,\" suggested Alan, while Patty came and peeped over her aunt's shoulder, and, with a suppressed laugh, pointed to the signature at the end, which was \"Faith Wyke. Oh! I forgot. I suppose I", "An Afternoon Walk. 303 have been witness of his disaster. I wonder what he'll tell them at home.\" \" AVill Dent find his sheep again ? \" inquired Mr. Rae, \" or do you suppose they're gone for good ? \" \" They've gone straight home, no doubt. How he and Sir Andrew will settle it, I can't say. A few years back the stage coach coming along the road met a flock of sheep like these travelling back whence they had been brought. The coachman slashed them with his whip and tried to turn them, but the only result was that they scattered this way and that, and some of them were never seen again.\" \" I wish the girls had followed Sir Andrew and seen him safely part of his way. Rie, you should have thought of it,\" remarked Mrs. Rae reproachfully, and Rie, who had had some such regrets already, admitted that she ought to have done so, whereupon Maggie, who was spreading the table for the evening meal, broke in upon the conversation to explain that she had been so frightened she had persuaded Miss Rie to come away. \" Frightened ? \" said her master ; \" and why, Maggie ? \" The girl hesitated to reply, looked at Rizpah, and muttered under her breath — \" He'd been drinking, Sir Andrew had, and folks did tell such fearful tales about him ; she was always frightened to death if she met him.\" \" You're a simpleton, Maggie,\" said her master good humouredly. \" Now see if you can't practise a little self-restraint, and don't tell this story all over the village, there's a good girl.\" \" Well, I've only told Sammy the postman, and the folks up at the post, and Tyson's at the shop, and old Phyzacklae, and two or three more. It's not doing as you would be done by to keep such a bit of news to" ]

[ "29 ACT IV. SCENE I. VENICE. A. COURT OP JUSTICE. The Duke , the Magnificoes , Antonio , Bassanio , and others. Enter Shylock. Duke. Make room, and let him stand before our face. — Shylock, the world thinks, and I think so too, That thou but lead'st this fashion of thy malice To the last hour of act; and then 'tis thought Thou'lt show thy mercy and remorse, more strange Than is thy strange-apparent cruelty; And where thou now exact'st the penalty, — Which is a pound of this poor merchant's flesh, — Thou wilt not only loose the forfeiture, But, touch'd with human gentleness and love, Forgive a moiety of the principal; Glancing an eye of pity on his losses, That have of late so huddled on his back, Enough to press a royal merchant down , And pluck commiseration of his state From brassy bosoms and rough hearts of flint, From stubborn Turks and Tartars, never train'd To offices of tender courtesy. We all expect a gentle answer, Jew. Shy. I have possess'd your grace of what I purpose And by our holy Sabbath have I sworn To have the due and forfeit of my bond: If you deny it, let the danger light Upon your charter and your city's freedom. You'll ask me, why I rather choose to have A weight of carrion-flesh than to receive Three thousand ducats; I'll not answer that; But say it is my humour: is It answer'd? What if my house be troubled with a rat, And I be pleas'd to give ten thousand ducats To have it ban'd! What, are you answer'd yet? Some men there are love not a gaping pig; Some, that are mad if they behold a cat; As there is no firm reason to be render'd , Why he cannot abide a gaping pig; Why he, a harmless necessary cat; So can I give no reason, nor I will not, More than a lodg'd hate and a certain loathing I bear Antonio, that I follow thus A losing suit against him. Are you answer'd?", "53 Not one, bnt all mankind's epitome: Stiff in opinions, always in the wrong. Was ev'rything by starts, and nothing long; But, in the course of one revolving moon, Was chemist, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon; Then all for women, painting, rhyming, drinking, Besides ten thousand freaks that died in thinking. Blest madman! who could ev'ry hour employ With something new to wish , or to enjoy. Railing and praising were his usual themes: And both, to show his judgment, in extremes. Beggared by fools, whom still he found too late, He had his jest, and they had his estate; He laughed himself from court, then sought relief By forming parties , but could ne'er be chief; For , spite of him , the weight of business fell On Absalom and wise Achitophel : Thus , wicked but in will , of means bereft, He left not faction , but of that was left. Buckingham and Ashley were men in whom the immorality which was epiden ic among the politicians of that age appeared in its most malignant type , but variously modified by great diversities of temper and understanding. Buckingham was a sated man of pleasure, who had turned to ambition as to a pastiiae. As he had tried to amuse himself with architecture and music, with writing farces and with seeking for the philosopher's stone , so he now tried to amuse himself with a secret negociation and a Dutch war. He had nlready, rather from fickleness and love of novelty than from any deep design , been faithless to every party. Ashley, with a far stronger head, and with a far fiercer and more earnest ambition, had been equally versatile. But Ashley's versatility was the effect, not of levity, but of deliberate selfishness. He had served and betrayed a succession of governments. But he had timed all his treacheries so well that , through all revolutions , his fortu nes had constantly been rising. The multitude, struck with admiration by a prosperity which, while everything else was constantly changing, remained unchangeable, attri buted to him a prescience almost miraculous, and likened him to the Hebrew statesman of whom it is written that his counsel was as if a man had inquired the oracle of God. 2 Sam. XVI. 23. . Macaulay's History of England.", "196 Do you question the young children in the sorrow, Why their tears are falling so? — The old man may weep for his to-morrow Which is lost in Long Ago — The old tree is leafless in the forest — The old year is ending in the frost — The old wound, if stricken, is the sorest— The old hope is hardest to be lost: But the young, young children, 0 my brothers, Do you ask them why they stand Weeping sore before the bosoms of their mothers, In our happy Fatherland? They look up with their pale and sunken faces, And their looks are sad to see, For the man's hoary anguish draws and presses Down the cheeks of infancy — \"Your old earth,\" they say, \"is very dreary;\" \"Our young feet,\" they say, \"are very weak! Few paces have we taken, yet are weary — Our grave-rest is very far to seek.\" Alas , alas , the children ! they are seeking Death in life, as best to have! They are binding up their hearts away from breaking , With a cerement from the grave. Go out, children, from the mine and from the city — Sing out, children, as the little thrushes do — Pluck you handfuls of the meadow-cowslips pretty — Laugh, aloud, to feel your fingers let them through! But they answer, \"Are your cowslips of the meadows Like our weeds anear the mine? Leave us quiet in the dark of the coal-shadows , From your pleasures fair and fine ! \"For oh,\" say the children, \"we are weary, And we cannot run or leap — If we cared for any meadows, it were merely To drop down in them and sleep. Our knees tremble sorely in the stooping — We fall upon our faces, trying to go; And, underneath our heavy eyelids drooping, The reddest flower would look as pale as snow. For, all day, we drag our burden tiring Through the coal-dark, underground —" ]

[ "THE GRAND MODERN EXEMPLAR. 15 the Russian explorers, down to Wrangell — for Hud son, in the case of his two North-eastern voyages for the merchants of London, but particularly the first, had quite distinct ideas of going via the Pole — various expeditions with this object in view, and with that of Arctic research in addition, sought to pierce the ice barrier to the east of Greenland, though the voyage of Parry was almost exceptional as being a distinctive attempt to reach the Pole. The expedition of Pet and Jackman, so far back as 1580, appears in reality to have been the last expedition of any importance sent out by England exclusively to discover a North -East Passage. But about a hundred years after the expedition of Wood, which closed the long list of North-wes tern and North-eastern voyages made during the seventeenth century, the grand dream of the mer chants was a North-West Passage — the solution, in fact, of the very problem which Sir Martin Frobisher in his day declared to be \" the only thing left un done in the world whereby a notable mind might be made famous and fortunate.\" To this quest, however, a little variety was given when, in 1776, Captain Cook was despatched in search of the same passage, by sailing north-east from Behring's Straits. Yet he but poorly succeeded, reaching no higher", "THE ARCTIC REVIVAL. 83 the Government also placed at his disposal an old United States gunboat, which he rechristened the \"Polaris,\" and in the summer of 1871 the expedi tion sailed in pursuit of the great quest. Upon the importance of the general results of this comparatively feeble expedition — acknowledged by all to have been very great — we need not here dilate, nor upon its influence in deciding England to test, by the thorough means which she is bring ing to bear, the practicability of the Smith Sound route ; but we may ask, in the words of Mr. E. Vale Blake, \" If so much could be accomplished by a divided and disaffected party, what might not be done by a united and properly disciplined body equally well equipped ? \" * It is worthy of remark, too, in passing, that it was undoubtedly fact — were such men as the late Senator Sumner of Massachusetts, Senator Sherman of Ohio, and Senator Fenton of New York; the bill for Government aid to the enterprise having been originally introduced into the House of Representatives by the Hon. Mr. Stevenson of Ohio, and, after its introduction into the Senate, referred to the Committee of which the late Hon. Charles Sumner was chairman. It was, therefore, due to the energetic influence of such men, supported by men of science, with Professor Joseph Henry, President of the National Academy of Sciences, at their head, that Captain Hall was enabled to obtain the means for carrying forward this undertaking, which must ever redound to the honour of the United States. * Arctic Experiences. Edited by E. Vale Blake. (New York : Harper Brothers, 1874.) Preface.", "A DUTCH ARCTIC EXPEDITION AND ROUTE. 168 out this track past Spitzbergen as the proper course for North Polar explorers. Here, we are told, in the first place, the mildest temperature is to be found ; here also is an assisting current — valeat quantum valere debet (adds Mr. Proctor). But the chief circumstance to which attention is drawn is, that the course followed by the Gulf Stream shows that there is open water — \" ice - encumbered, no doubt, but still not ice-bound \" — in this direction. Another interesting fact noticed is, the great depth of the sea in this part of the Atlantic. Scoresby long ago endeavoured in vain to find a bottom here with a two-mile line ; and Von Freeden quaintly remarks that the whole of the Bernese Oberland might be hidden, \"its presence unbe trayed even by an eddy,\" under the ocean to the north of Spitzbergen. \" Here, then, if anywhere,\" adds Mr. Proctor, \" a ship might expect to find her way through, though experience has shown again and again that the way is full of dangers.\" Again, pointing to Parry's experience during his boat-and-sledge expedition, when carried back by the movement of the ice over which he travelled, and to the lessons taught by his defeat, Mr. Proctor says : \" The very fact that Parry's great ice-ship floated freely shows how wide and deep the sea must" ]

[ "Contents. IV CHAPTER X. page Two Valentines u7 CHAPTER XI. A Picnic 12S CHAPTER XII. A Night and a Day 140 CHAPTER XIII. Surmises 148 CHAPTER XIV. \"Come Again!\" 160 CHAPTER XV. Gussie's Confession 171", "Revenged. 80 Half the fashionable world of London was watching with inter ested eyes this new fascination of Claude Wilmott's,— his struggles on the brink of the whirlpool of love into which he seemed about to plunge for Mary Gardener's sake. He was the most fastidious of well-to-do bachelors, and for several seasons had with wonder ful ingenuity and success escaped the nets spread for him in all directions by the parents and guardians of marriageable young ladies. \" I believe Master Claude is caught at last ! \" his friends would say, smiling, or shaking their heads, according as their private experiences led them to regard matrimony from a favourable point of view, or otherwise. All the Sturdy family were in town that spring, and each had some special object in view, so that Mary spent most of her time with Ethel St. Claire ; and where those two were, Claude Wilmott was generally to be found also. Poor Sir Benjamin was almost afraid to go anywhere, so hotly was he pursued by an elderly widow who had known him in former days. She never quite approved of the installation of Mary at Heathhurst, and thought that now if \" that little upstart girl' was going to be married, this present was a good opportunity to secure for herself the position of Lady Sturdy the Second. Dick had in the previous autumn got himself elected junior member for Brazenstoke, and was fretting his life out on the back Opposition benches because he could not get an opportunity to distinguish himself; and in the struggle between his principles and his family affections, which made him dislike to oppose a Government of which his brother-in-law was a leading member. This was very simple of him, no doubt, and quite unworthy of a sucking politician ; but it must be remembered, in excuse for him, that he was not to the manner born or brought up, because his father's theory was that family ties superseded all other claims but those of Right and Wrong. Dick had something else upon his mind — an unrequited pas sion for a certain Lady Maud, who was young, well-born, and beautiful, who would not have much objection to be mistress of Heathhurst Hall, or to help to spend the fortune gained by patent polish, and would like to please her noble but impover-", "Fanny's Confidences. 97 then it comes to Jack ; so with that and Littleham he'll be well off. Then there was money left also to send him to Rugby and Cambridge ; he's at Cambridge now, and poor Bertie and Bob have only been to the Grammar School at Longborough ; and we other girls — well, we've scarcely learnt anything at all!\" said Fanny, with a shrug of her shoulders. \"You have told me nothing about your father. Is he well? He used to be very kind to me when I was a little girl,\" said Mary. \" Oh, father ! — yes, he's well enough ; he wouldn't come up to town, you know ; he never will go anywhere. He just pokes about by himself in the garden, or on the farm, and no one\" ever takes much notice of him.\" \"And is he at home by himself now ? \" \"Oh, no; he has Laura to take care, of him; you remember Laura ? \" \" Yes; a little fat ball of a girl, with curls.\" \" She isn't little now ; she's nearly as tall as I am, though she's only fifteen. She is awfully pleased, you know, to be left in charge of the house. Then there's Bunch at home too ; he has never been to school at all yet ; I am supposed to teach him, but I can't get him to do anything I tell him — tiresome little wretch ! Gussie says it is because I laugh when he does anything naughty, and she is always lecturing me about the proper way to manage him ; but she won't try it herself. Sometimes father tells her she was educated so well on purpose that she might teach the younger ones, and then, — oh, isn't there a flare-up ! I must say Gussie isn't very useful at home ; she is always busy and full of plans about one thing and another, but there's very little comes of it generally. Bertie says that clever women never are much use, and Jack says that Gussie isn't clever ; but she is, you know. She can do — oh, all sorts of things ! She sings, and draws, and recites beautifully, and rows, and rides, and shoots ; and then her poetry — did you know she was a poetess ? \" \" No, indeed I didn't,\" said Mary, trying hard not to laugh in Fanny's face. \" Oh, yes, she can write splendid poetry ! Any amount of it, and it all rhymes, you know ! \" H" ]

[ "HISTORY OF AFRICAN COLONIZATION. 255 We were looking forward with confidence to the more perfect consummation of our wishes, when that moral desert should rejoice and blossom as the rose ; but God has seen fit to cross our expectations, in calling from his station this laborious mis sionary. It becomes us to bow with submission to the stroke, and to realize the saying ofthe apostle, ' how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out.' Although we were not permitted to receive his dying testimony to the truth, we have the fullest assurance that our loss is his unspeakable and eternal gain.\" While we are faithfully recording the labours and services of the ardent friends of this blessed cause, in Africa, we ought not to pass over in silence, the names of benefactors, who have by their influence or their wealth, promoted the cause at home. We have, for many pages, been occupied with the character and indefatigable labours of that extraordinary man, Lott Cary; but just when his sun had risen to the meridian, it was sud denly extinguished. Without a moment's warning he was snatched away from all his long cherished hopes of extensive usefulness to the heathen. And in the same year we must record the sudden departure of one ofthe earliest and most de voted friends of colonization in the city of Washington. Our reference is, to Doctor William Thornton. In another part of this history, we noticed that this learned and benevolent citizen had proposed a plan of colonizing the free people of colour as early as 1785, or 1787. When the American Colonization Society was founded and organized, he was prepared at once to enter with ardour into the scheme. He was a member of the first Board of Managers ever chosen, and continued to be a faithful and punctual asso ciate with the other gentlemen of the Board, until his lamented death. His temperament was ardent and his heart generous. While he was free in declaring and firm in maintaining his own opinions, he was candid and liberal towards those of others. His ardent mind would quickly kindle into a glow of indigna tion at acts of perfidy and inhumanity; but he was equally prompt to yield unstinted praise to noble and generous acts. If he was an enthusiast, it was an enthusiasm for the improve ment of the human kind. Not satisfied with man's present progress, he looked forward with high wrought anticipations,", "HISTORY OF AFRICAN COLONIZATION. 553 meaning name, but a real blessing, and he hesitated not to confer it. He promised, also, to appropriate fifteen hundred dollars, as an outsit to them, on the sailing of the vessel.\" Several of the emigrants in the Marine were volunteers from among the free coloured people. At the close of a meeting held by the agent with some of these persons, a large number came forward and enrolled their names: others declared their intention to become citizens of the young republic, as soon as they could make the necessary preparations. One of them, a very respectable mechanic, of considerable property and great influence, expressed much regret that he was prevented by a large job of work on hand, from accompanying the present expedition, and declared that he should avail himself of the next opportunity to remove with his family to Bassa Cove. A number of highly respectable emigrants were collected in the counties of Bladen and Brunswick ; one of these, James Brown, from the peculiar circumstances of the family, deserves particular mention. The following interesting account of him is from Mr. Buchanan. \"Brown was the favourite servant of an excellent lady, who had reared him, from a child, under her personal inspection. The interest which had led her to take special care of his infancy, and to watch with parental diligence over his early education, had grown with his maturing years into a firm and confiding attachment, and in her declining years he was her constant attendant, her adviser, her friend, and the staff of her old age. Under the good influence of his pious mistress, James, too, had become a Christian, and in the strict integrity of his character, and the faithful discharge of every duty, he illustrated the holy principles of his faith, and obtained the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. But his wife and children were slaves. He had married, early in life, the slave of a neighbouring planter, and now, when he saw his interesting family growing up about him, his cup of happiness was embittered by the reflection, that the wife of his bosom and the children of his care, were in bondage, and might at any moment be torn from him, by the will of another, and separated to a returnless distance. He heard of Liberia; and he imme diately besought his mistress to intercede for the freedom of his family, and to send them and him to that country. At first, the feelings of the good old lady were wounded, and she wept at his supposed ingratitude in wishing to leave her; but when she 47", "590 HISTORY OF AFRICAN COLONIZATION. and the fact of having compelled a nation so powerful and distant, to pay an indemnity for the aggressions of their allies, and to receive as a boon, the permission to trade with the colony, greatly increased their influence in the country. A difficulty yet more painful than war in such circumstances with savages, arose in the bosom of the colony. For obvious reasons the goods necessary for the several missionary estab- lishments had been made by law duty free. The missionary labours of the Methodist Episcopal Church had been early and very zealously directed to Liberia. Goods adapted to purposes of trade, were the best means of remitting from their treasury in this country, to their missionaries there. A differ- ence of opinion soon sprang up between the head of the mis- sion and the Governor. It was contended on the one hand, that all the goods necessary in any way to carrying on the mission, should be admitted free of duty; and on the other, that only those supplies for the personal use of the missionaries, were included in the privilege. Because the expenditures of the mission amounted in the aggregate to a large sum, and were met by the sale or barter of such commodities, the greater part of the trade would by this means come into the hands of the missionaries, and they would thus be able to undersell the colonial merchants, of whom duties were required. The Gov- ernor adhered firmly to his interpretation of the law, and there is much reason to regret that his decision was not submitted to; as in the controversies which followed, many painful things were done and said. The colonists took part in it, and a serious rupture was for a time feared. It would not be wise to enter into statements, which, however true, might provoke reply, after peace has been restored, but justice to Governor Bucha- nan requires us to say, that the American Colonization Society sustained him in his course throughout, and by emphatic re- corded resolutions, approved, without qualification, of all his measures. His motives and character, though assailed in the heat of party, came bright and pure through the ordeal. His friends who loved him before, found only reason to love him the more, and cherish his memory with the greater reverence and esteem, for having shared with his divine Master in the baptism of undeserved reproach. The American Colonization Society sent out two expeditions to Africa this year. The ship Saluda left Norfolk on the 14th" ]

[ "A QUAKER MAID 202 lightful task of furnishing it according to her own ideas and without much, if any, thought of cost. This was easily done, for London tradesmen are accommodating at first, and Captain Chambers did not grudge the cost when he only intended to pay about one-third of the amount and leave the remainder for the future to take care of. In his estimation it was sheer waste of money to use it for paying bills. He left the army, and in time he and his young wise settled down to their domestic life, such as it was. Not that the former was a domestic man. Very far from it. But he liked to have a place where he could bring his friends to dine, smoke, and play cards ; and it pleased him to have his pretty, well-dressed wife at the head of the table. But the greater part of his time was spent away at his club or visiting amongst his old friends, keeping the most irregular hours, against which Naomi rebelled in vain. They went into society also a good deal together, and this to the bride was almost the pleasantest feature of her new life. She had learned quickly to dance, and danced well, with a thorough enjoyment of the exercise, which those who had been accustomed to it from childhood could perhaps hardly understand. And to know she was well and tastefully dressed ; that Gus's critical eye had found no fault with her appearance ; to receive all kinds of pleasant attentions, and to listen to pretty compliments, was altogether a charming experience. At such times Naomi told herself she had nothing in the world left to wish for. Later on, when they were quite settled down in the new home with its tasteful and costly furniture, Mrs. Chambers and her two daughters came to pay them a visit. Naomi had been looking forward to this with unmixed pleasure. She had thought with", "426 A QUAKER MAID and Caroline Bourne which Lotta's marriage had brought. To Tilla the advent of the Lawsons opened a new phase of life. She had never before seen enough of the new vicar to get to know him or to feel at ease with him. It still took Tilla a long time to feel quite easy with any one who was not \" a Friend, \" and a clergyman of all others was a person with whom she thought she never could feel at home. But she could not resist the pleasure of being often with Faith now that she had her again so near at hand ; and to be often with Faith meant seeing a great deal of her husband. A strange thing it seemed to Priscilla to think of Uncle John's daughter, and Uncle John's grand children inhabiting the old ivy-grown vicarage, and it was still stranger to think of herself as a frequent and ever-welcome guest there. And she soon grew to enjoy the intercourse with Arthur Lawson, and after a time lost her shyness in his presence. The society of a university man, well read, intellectual, and broad and liberal in his views, was a new and pleasant experience, and in spite of constant difference of opinion the two were soon firm friends. \" I like the way your cousin sticks to her own views,\" Arthur would say to his wife. \"She is always ready to admit when she is convinced that there is something to be said on the other side of any question, but she is not ashamed of her own views, and always has a reason for everything — though I do not think it will always hold water when you come to examine into it.\" Nothing delighted him more than to get Tilla into an argument, and to watch the grave, earnest way in", "L'ENVOIE Priscilla was very fond of an occasional run up to town for a few hours, with one of her nieces for company, or perhaps Faith, when she could be induced to spare the time from her multifarious home duties. A long morning spent dreaming and studying amongst the galleries of Burlington House was an unfailing delight to her artistic soul ; and when wearied even of these Priscilla and her companion would betake themselves to a neighbouring restaurant and lunch frugally on tea and buns, or such-like light refreshment. Sometimes this visit to the Academy would be followed by an afternoon concert at St. James's Hall or elsewhere, after which, tired and happy, they would return to the quiet of The Beeches and the refreshment of the comfortable \" high tea \" which was still the order of the day there. A harmless, innocent mode of enjoyment, but to Priscilla — who is never likely quite to outgrow the traditions of her early training — these concerts always had a smack of the pleasures of the forbidden fruit ; and the intense enjoyment she derived therefrom was never quite without a sort of feeling of wrong-doing in indulging in such wild dissipation. But she went, nevertheless, and enjoyed the music most thoroughly in spite of self-upbraiding. 43-" ]

[ ". id MARTIN LUTHER. \" It was upon him and his soul that the fate of Europe depended — \" He was the man of his age and nation.\" Schlegel. ..SCHLEGEL. PART I. O ! Thou bright Seraph — which in heav'n art known The chosen watchman round Jehovah's throne ! Supreme intelligence of yonder Sphere, Say — can a mortal strain arrest thine ear ? Far from thy sight, in baffled rage, retire Pale slander's brood, and falsehood's baneful fire ; Error, with all her changeful shapes, hath fled, And the thick film, which envy's pow'rs had spread, Touch'd by thy ray, deceitful phantoms seem, The vanish'd shades of some delusive dream.", "ARGUMENT. Luther returns to Wittemburgh, and is elected to a professor's chair — He prosecutes his studies very ardently, and gradually becomes more enlightened — The freedom of his remarks upon the papal abuses begins to arrest the general attention, and Luther appeals to Pope Leo X — He is anathematized, and his books are burnt — Luther retali ates, by burning the papal bull — A council of the States is convened — Luther is called upon, and answers to the summons — Upon his return, the Elector, Frederick the Wise, apprehensive of treachery, carries him off, and places him in a friendly imprisonment, at Wartburgh.", "27 I'.RT II. A POEM. \" What impious doctrine,\" Luther boldly cried, \" In vain hath God, th' incarnate Saviour, died — \" If gold can ransom and absolve from pain, \" Martyrs have bled, and saints rejoic'd in vain. \" Here will I stand — beneath this bleeding cross, \" And count my life but vile and worthless dross \" Erect the sign before expiring eyes, \" Nor cease my labours, till the day-spring rise!\" 430 Intrepid warrior! join that fearless band, Dispers'd through many an unfrequented land ! That hunted tribe, whose faith unshaken stood, Though tried by tortures, and chastis'd with blood! Those who ne'er join'd the idol's glitt'ring train; The simple followers of the Lamb once slain ! ( ' ) But see ! the strife has reach'd the distant court, And angry disputants in shoals resort; Bear witness Leipsic ! for thy lofty tow'rs Rung with the conflict of contending pow'rs ! 440" ]

[ "Route 5.— CORK TO LIMERICK. IRELAND. 45 rick, and caused Thomond Bridge to be built. Edward Bruce be sieged it iq 1314, and burned the suburbs. At the end of that war the city w:is strongly fortified. The most interesting objects at Limerick are the calheilnil and the caitle. both in the English Town, ruined statn, >vith its seven towers and massive walls, is a noble structure, and one of the best examples remaining or' a Norman stronghold. Its appearance is mucli injured by tlie modern bar racks wliicli have been constructed vritliiu the walls. CASTLE AT LIMERICK. aod near together. The cathedral was commenced as tar b;ii-k as the last of the lath century, by Do nald O'Brien, Kin^ of Limerick ; but little of the original structure remains. It is now in process of restoration. One of the chapels contains the touib3 of the Earls of Limerick, and in the chancel is ao elaborate monument of many coloured marbles of the Earl of Thoniond. The church possesses a fine chime of bells. The view from the tower is very fine. 1 he caslle was built in therei^n of King John, and even in its At one end of Thomond Bridge is the famous \" Treaty Stone,\" on which was signed, on the 3rd of November, 1691, the treaty be tween the commander of the Irish force, which occupied the town, and General Ginkell, or de Gin kel, the English commander, by which it was provided that the Roman Catholics should enjoy the same religious privileges they had enjoyed in the reign of Charles II., and that William and Mary would endeavour to secure them immu nity from disturbance on account of their religion. This article wa*", "126 LONDON. ENGLAND. &c. Here are likewise two \" Na- poleon Rooms,\" containing the camp-bed on which the ex-empe- ror died ; the two carriages used by him at the battle of Water- loo, and several portraits. The collection is altogether a magnifi- cent display of paintings, costumes of all periods, jewellery, relics ; and wax modelling, seen as it should be as to effect of colour, light, &c. Admission : Great Room and the Hall of Kings, Is. ; children, 6d. Napoleon Rooms and Chamber of Horrors, 6-i. extra. Pitt, by Chantrey, 12 ft. in height, placed on a granite pedestal. Belgrave Square, Pimlico, was commenced in 1825, on the estate of the Marquis of West minster, and is now one of the most distinguished ornaments of the metropolis, being 864 ft. long and 617 ft. broad ; the houses, large, handsome, and uniform, are adorned with Corinthian columns. Eaton Square, situated to the south-east of Belgrave-square, is a parallelogram,l,637ft.by371. At the north end is St. Peter s Church, designed by Mr. Hakewell. Russell Square, one of the largest and most uniform squares in London, has the interior laid out with great taste. In the centre of the south side, facing Bedford- place, is the bronze statue of Francis Duke of Bedford, in his peer's robes, by Westmacott, R.A. Lincoln's Inn Fields, laid out in 1618, by Inigo Jones, but the west side only was built upon in his time. On the south side is the Royal College of Surgeons, with its wonderful Museum; on the north, Sir John Soane's Museum ; and on the east side, the new hall and library of Lincoln's Inn complete the square. It was in this square that William, Lord Russell was beheaded, July 21, 1683. Squares. Among the Squares best worth notice are the following : — Trafalgar Square contains several statues, the Nelson Co- lumn, and the north side is occu- pied by the National Gallery. Near the Nelson Column, towards Westminster, is an equestrian statue of Charles I. It occupies the site of Queen Eleanor's Cross, and the place of the execution of the Regicides. Grosvenor Square is situated on the south side of Oxford- street, and contains 6 acres of ground : in the centre was for- merly a gilt equestrian statue of George I., by Van Nost, erected in 1726, by direction of Sir R. Grosvenor. The buildings are handsome, and the ground within the railing well laid out. Portman Square is surrounded by large and elegant mansions. It was begun in 1764, and was not completed for 20 years. At the north-west angle is the man- sion built for Mrs. Montague, and where the chimney-sweeps of London were, for several years, entertained on May-day. Hanover Square was built soon after the accession of the house of Hanover. On the south side is a colossal bronze statue of Public Buildings. The Mansion House, the resi- dence of the lord mayor during his year of office, is a magnificent building at the west-end of Lom- bard-street, erected entirely of Portland stone. The interior is splendidly decorated and fur- nished; and when lighted up on festive occasions, the state apart- ments are very superb. They consist ofthe Egyptian hall, ball room, state drawing-room, saloon, Venetian parlour, long parlour, and state bed-room.", "Route 43.— THE ENGLISH LAKES. 190 ENGLAND. islands; one of them, Belle Isle, containing thirty acres. The scenery of the lower part of the lake is tame, but at the upper end, where it widens, it is grand. The only town of importance on the lake is Bowness, of which a fine view is had from the. steamer. The whole distance from the foot of the lake to Waterhead, 1 mile from Ambleside, is made in about an hour and a half. left, Steel Fell. On the highest part of the pass, a stone fence marks the boundary between Westmoreland and Cumberland. After passing the village of Wythburn, we see the beautiful Thirlmere with its picturesque bridge. After passing a road which branches off to the right for the Vale of St. John, we see, on the right, Castle Rock, the en chanted castle of Walter Scott's \"Bridal of Triermain.\" After several miles of uninteresting scenery we reach the brow of Castlerigg, from which a view is had of Keswick, with Derwent water, and in the distance Bas senthwaite. The view from this point is one of the finest in all the Lake district. Keswick (Hotels: See \"Hotel Appen dix\"). This is a market town of 3,000 inhabitants, on the south bank of the Greta, a little more than a mile from the foot of Skid daw, and half a mile from Der wentwater. The town itself pos sesses few objects of interest, the chief one is Flintofts' model of the Lake District in the Town Hall. It is 12 feet 9 inches, by 9 feet 3 inches. It gives an excellent idea of the district, and is pro nounced the best piece of geogra phical modelling ever made in England. From the bridge across the Greta in the main street of the town, a view may be had of Greta Hall, on the right, on a slight elevation. Here , from 1803, until his death, in 1843, lived the poet Southey. There are several lead pencil factories in the town. \"The Knoll,\" the residence of the late Harriet Martineau, is close to Ambleside. The Stock gill Force, a pretty waterfall of 70 feet, is a few hundred yards from the town. The path to it leads through the stable-yard of the Salutation Hotel. Excursion by Rydal and Grass mere to Keswick, 16^ miles. One and a half miles on the way is Rydal Mount, the home of Wordsworth. He died here on the 23rd of April, 1850, at the age of eighty years. The house* stands on a slight acclivity a few yards above the church. It has recently been rebuilt, and con tains no relic of the poet. Rydal Lake is the smallest of the lakes of the district being only J mile long and $ mile broad. Grassmere Lake is now seen. It is 1 mile long and about J mile broad. On the margin of the lake is the Prince of Wales Hotel. In the burying-ground of Grassmere Church, visible to the left of the road, are the graves of Words worth and his family, and of Hartley Coleridge. The hill be neath which the village lies is Helm Crag, and on its summit are the rocks known as the Lion and the Lamb. Our road now ascends the famous Dunmail Raise, a pass of 700 feet above the level of the sea; on each side, rising 2000 feet above the pass, are, on the right, Seat Sandal, and, on the Excursions from Keswick. Derwentwater is about 3 miles long and 1J miles broad in the broadest part. It is generally con sidered the most beautiful of the lakes of the district, by many" ]

[ "Geschichte des Stadtrathes. 11! Gramich, Verfassung und Verwaltung der Stadt Würzburg, bestellte Vertrauensmänner; waren diese ausserordentlichen Auflagen, wie meist der Fall, zur Schuldentilgung bestimmt, so ward wohl auch ein genauer Plan dieser Finanzoperation zum Voraus festgestellt'). Entbehrte die Stadt demnach der selbständigen obrigkeitlichen Gewalt, so war es nur folgerichtig, dass auch der Kreis der Befugnisse, welche dem Rathe der Stadt auf dem Gebiete der Verwaltung hätten zustehen können, vom Bischof auf jede Weise eingeengt ward. Schien es doch wiederholt, als ob der Rath selbst sein Recht des Daseins vertheidigen müsse. In dem für die Stadt so nachtheiligen Vergleiche mit Bischof Mangold vom J. 1296 wird der Rath aufgehoben'-), 60 Bürger beschwören den Vergleich, und diesem „Friedensgericht\" schwört dann die Gemeinde, das Teiding zu halten. Das „Ab sein\" des Rathes ist sicherlich nicht dahin zu verstehen, als ob überhaupt der Rath zu bestehen aufgehört hätte; wir finden schon in den nächsten Zeiten der Regierung Bischof Mangold's den Rath handelnd in Urkunden 3). Die Bürger hatten, wie Fries (S. 597) berichtet, vorher einen neuen Rath und neue Bürgermeister gemacht, sie hatten Wahl und Organisation des Rathes aus aller Abhängigkeit vom Bischöfe befreien wollen. Das schlug der Bischof kurzer Hand nieder, indem er den so bestellten Rath auflöste. Der Rath trat wieder in seine alte Stelle als Orts- Verwaltungsbehörde, um eine moderne Bezeichnung zu gebrauchen, zurück ; es blieb ihm zunächst kaum mehr als die Verwaltung des Gemeinde- Vermögens4). — In der ersten Hälfte des 14. Jahrhunderts war dann Macht und Ansehen des Raths offenbar wieder im Steigen. Dies zeigt z. B. die Form, in welcher die Leistungen der Stadt für das Kriegs wesen geordnet werden 5), das kräftige Verbot aller Ruhestörung, welches Bürgermeister und Rath zur Zeit der allgemeinen Judenverfolgungen ergehen Hessen 6) u. a. m. Sogar nach Aussen regte sich wieder das ') Urkk. v. 1368, 15. u 17. Oct. M. B. 42,462 ff. -°) . . . daz ir burgermeister rat rathus vnd ratgloggen vnd allez daz ze dem selben rate gehöret ieze abe suln sin, vnd fnrbaz nimmer mere suln gesetzet werden oder wider genumen, 1296, 13. Dec, M. B. 38,i4<t. 3) 1299, 10. Jan. M. B. 38,209. ') Darauf beschränkt findet den Rath in Bamberg: Zöpfl, das alte Bam- berger Recht, S. 79. 6, Vgl. oben S. 12. e) 1337, 12. Juni. M. B. 40,1«. — Schon im J. 1288, 1. März hatten Rath und Bürgerschaft den Juden der Stadt eidlich Schutz versprochen (pro", "Gramich, Verfassung und Verwaltung der Stadt Würzburg. 39 Das beruht nicht in der Würdigung besonderer Eigenschaften der Frauen, wie man wohl gemeint hat'), auch nicht in der Absicht allein, die Durchführung der Strafvorschriften zu sichern — es stand ja nichts entgegen, die Frau gleichfalls strafbar zu erklären **) — sondern in dem Begriffe der persönlichen Verantwortung dessen, der ein Gewerbe betreibt. Wie der mit einem Amte Bekleidete in eigener Person die übernommenen Pflichten erfüllen muss, so soll der Handwerker durch seine stete Gegen wart und Thätigkeit die pflichtgemäss**** Leistung alles dessen, was sein Handwerk fordert, verbürgen. Der Gedanke der öffentlichen Pflicht des Handwerkers lässt uns auch das sonst nicht mit der damals lange erreichten Freiheit der Handwerker zu vereinigende Gebot Bischof Otto's verstehen, welches er in der Voraussicht, dass sich seinen strengen Vor schriften für die Bäcker nicht jeder fügen werde, beifügte: „der gebacken hat biz her vnd ein pfister ist Fetosen, daz der backe /u/*l*a****, an alles verzugenisse so er meist muge\" (O. P. c. 75). Es ist eine Forderung der Gerechtigkeit, dass alle Handwerksarbeit eine „gerechte\" sei, nicht blos der privatrechtlichen Verpflichtung aus dem Vertrage zwischen Handwerker und Gonsumenten. „Kursnerwerck c/«2 gerecht ist, leder und schuhe das gerecht 8«/, rehter kauf an allerley brote\" u. s. w. ward beurtheilt gemäss einem von vornherein nach den Anforderungen bekannter Technik feststehenden Massstabe, nicht nach dem Verhältnisse der Gegenleistung des Gonsumenten im Preise. Vor schriften, welche bis in die Einzelheiten der Technik eingingen, sollten die Güte der gewerblichen Erzeugnisse sichern, die obrigkeitliche Regelung der Preisbewegung sollte es erreichen, Gonsumenten wie Producenten in gleichem Masse gerecht zu werden. War der Arbeiter verpflichtet, treu ') Bensen, a. a 0, S. 368: „Wahrscheinlich traute man ihnen eine grössere Hartnäckigkeit zu als den Männern,\" Viel später — 1581, 13. Jan. — findet sich eine Würzburger Verordnung: „das hinfurter alle die vischer ire weiber vnd gesindt so vfim visehmark faill habenn sich des vnor dienlichen vnd vnf r eundtlichcn znsch reiens gentzlieh enthalten ... sonderlich nach- barlich vnd frcundtlich handeln vnd reden.\" (Jung, Oberrathsbuch Bl. 89). 2j So droht der neue Satz vom Brotkaufe a. d. J. 1386: „wer aber syn brot hoher verkeuffet ez sein frawen oder man magt oder kint als dicke sol er einen manden dy stat rumen\" (G, P. Bl. 14 a) und sonst. Auch war den Frauen keineswegs Gewerbebetrieb in eigenem Namen oder als Arbeiterinnen verschlossen, vielmehr im weitesten Umfange zugänglich. Vgl. Bücher, die Frauenfrage im Mittelalter. Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Staatswissensch. 1882. S. 358-359,", "Gramich, Verfassung und Verwaltung der Stadt Würzburg, 55 Ausbildung des Zunftwesens. gebleichte, gefärbte und welsche Leinwand, dann Specereien (G. P. Bl. 52 b). Die Grundzüge des Zunftwesens sind natürlich die gleichen, wie anderswo. In früheren Zeiten geht ein freierer Zug durch das Ganze. Es konnte Jemand sogar mehrere Handwerke zugleich betreiben; nur musste er dann von jedem derselben Steuer entrichten'). Zwischen Handwerk und Handel ward früher mit Strenge geschieden. So durften Schneider und Tuchscherer kein Tuch nach der Elle verkaufen (G. P. Bl. 52 a); die Müller sollten nur das von dem Einzelnen ihnen über gebene Getreide mahlen und das erhaltene Mehl (daz selbe mel daz dor uz« worden ist) zurückliefern , nicht aber selbst Getreide kaufen, mahlen und frei verkaufen (G. P. LI. 38). Die scharfe Abgrenzung der einzelnen Gewerbe und die daraus hervorgehenden kleinlichen Streitigkeiten traten erst später ein, wohl vor Allem in Folge immer wachsender Goncurrenz. So klagten im J. 1430 die Schmiede und Schlosser gegen die Sattler, dass diese Nägel, Schlösser und Spangen (bouge) feilhielten, worauf letztere verurfheilt wurden, diese drei Stücke ferner nicht mehr zu führen*-*). Von einer inneren Organisation der Zünfte, dem Verhältnisse von Meister, Geselle und Lehrling wird uns erst in der zweiten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts Einiges bekannt. Doch lässt sich aus einer Bestimmung Bischof Otto's schliessen, dass auch in Würzburg die Gesellen, wie Schmoller urtheilt, sich in den Anfangszeiten des Gesellen wesens am ungeberdigsten zeigten. Es war ihnen verboten, Schwert, Messer oder gefährliches, spitziges Scheidenmesser zu tragen: es sollte ihnen abge nommen werden und die einem Widerstand Leistenden allenfalls zugefügte Gewalt straflos bleiben (O. P. c. 68). Die Gesellen wurden vom Ober rathe vereidigt: binnen 14 Tagen nach ihrem Eintritte musste der Meister sie vor denselben bringen (G. P, Bl. 57 b). Die Hauptpunkte des Eides waren, der Geselle werde bei entstehender Unruhe, Auflauf ') In einer Sammlung von Urtheilen des Bandgerichts (Hs. U.) findet sich das folgende v.J. 1309: wo ein man dreyerley hantwerck wurkt, es sey schuey- derwerck schwwerck oder altmantelwerck, das er yedes hantwerck sol verschozze, das er dan wurekt als manigs er do wurekt. 2) Nach der Aufzeichnung über die Verhandlung vor dem Käthe am 13, Januar 1430 in einem (jetzt in der llniv.Bibliothek befindlichen) Oopeibuch der Stadt aus dem J. 1428—1434." ]

[ "1 MONOGRAPHIE DE LA PAROISSE DE LA MANCELLIÈRE AU DIOCÈSE D'AVRANCHES LA MANCELLIÈRE - SITUATION PASSÉE ET PRÉSENTE II existe deux communes de ce nom (en latin : Mancellaria, Thabitation de Mancel), dans le département de la Manche. Celle qui nous occupe se trouve dans Tarrondissement de Mortain, et le canton d'Isigny-le-Buat, olim: Isigny-les-Bois ou Isigny-Pain-d'Avaine (i). Avant la Révolution, cette paroisse était du doyenné de Cuves, de l'archidiaconé de Mortain et du diocèse d'Avranches. Le doyenné de Cuves comprenait les 23 paroisses suivantes : Boisbenâtre (réunie à Coulouvray en 1850), Boisyvon, la Boulouze, Brécey, la Chapelle-Urée, Chasseguey, Coulouvray (Coulouvray-Boisbenâtre depuis 1850), les Cresnays (Saint- Pierre-de-Cresnay et Notre-Dame-de-Cresnay, celle-ci aujourd'hui détruite; leur réunion ne date que de 1835), Cuves, le Grand- Celland, Lingeard, les Loges-sur-Brécey, la Mancellière, le Mesnil-Adelée, le Mesnil-Gilbert, le Mesnil-Ozenne, Montgo- (t) L'autre est de l'arrondissement de Saint-Lo et du canton de Canisy. 11 y a encore une commune de la Mancelière dans l'Eure-el-Loir, arron dissement de Dreux, canton de Brezolles.", "29 ou terre de son nom en Reffuveille est orthographié de Signy sur les cartes modernes. II est donc facile de confondre ces deux familles qui n'ont pourtant rien de commun entre ellés. Dans sa courte notice d'une page et quart sur la Mancellière, parue dans Tannuaire de la Manche de 1882, M. Hippolyte Sauvage écrit Colin d'Isigny. Mais c'est à tort sans doute. Nous en aurons plus loin la preuve à propos de ce fief du Bois-Frazier de la Mancellière, tenu en parage du Seigneur du fief du Bois-Frazier de Chevreville, seigneur du nom de Signé. D'ailleurs, on a bien écrit Colin de Signy dans l'état des fiefs, des terres et villages de la paroisse de la Mancellière, liasse A 1360 des Archives de la Manche, et Gabriel-Michel Tesson, mon bisaïeul, rendant aveu de tous ses fiefs de la Mancellière, dit, en parlant du grand fief, qu'il fut à Guillaume Frazier, Colin de Signy, René de Rommilly, Jean Tesson, écuyer, Robert Tesson, écuyer, qui en fit hommage en 1700. Toutefois, il est à remarquer que Taveu du fief du Bois-Frazier de Chevreville, par Charles de Signey, en 1500, suit celui de Nicolas d'Isigny, en 1485, ce qui n'est point fait pour diminuer Timbroglio. Néanmoins, nous nous en tiendrons pour le Bois- Frazier de la Mancellière à de Signy au lieu d'Isigny, pour toutes les raisons que nous venons d'énumérer. Le 15 juin 1609, ìe fief, terre et seigneurie de la Mancellière, décrété sur Marguerite de Rommilly, femme de Daniel de la Mare, sieur de la Chesnaye, fille et héritière de feu René de Rommilly, seigneur de la Mancellière, fut adjugé pour quinze mille livres à Tenneguy de Varignières, sieur de Blainville, gentilhomme ordinaire de la chambre du Roy. L'adjudication comprenait : le manoir et la métairie de la Mancellière (contenant le tout ensemble 161 vergées et demie ou environ 3 3 hectares) ; la métairie du Bois-Clérice (113 ver gées ou environ 23 hectares) ; les deux moulins de .la Roche (4 vergées rz 81 ares 71 centiares). Total 57 hectares; les aînesses de la Sauvagère, de la Roche et de TOfficière; les dessus dits héritages tenus pour un huitième de fief de haubert, uni et incorporé ensemble, relevant de Monseigneur le duc de Montpensier à cause de son comté de Mortain.", "80 ment le même écusson que le chef de leur maison étant obligés d'y ajouter une pièce quelconque pour brisure. D'ailleurs, les armes des Tesson de la Guérinière, telles qu'on les voit encore très distinctement sur leur pierre tombale, dans Téglise du Grand-Celland, sont bien fascées de six pièces d'her mine et de chaînes, les mouchetures d'hermine, disposées au nombre de cinq sur la première fasce, quatre sur la troisième et trois sur la cinquième. Cette disposition décroissante provient sans doute de ce qu'autrefois Técu français était triangulaire. II y a donc lieu, pour les Tesson de la branche de la Man cellière, seule survivante, de reprendre les armes de leurs an cêtres, c'est-à-dire de supprimer la dernière fasce d'argent à une hermine ajoutée sur le brevet de Chamillart. Remarquons enfin qu'un véritable héraldiste (MM. les Inten dants ne Tétaient guère), aurait dit : porte d'hermine à trois fasces de sinople, etc., et non : d'argent à trois fasces de sinople, etc., accompagnées de douze ou treize hermines ; car il est extra vagant, dit Vulson de la Colombière, de compter les mouche tures que les peintres mettent sur les armoiries, de la façon qui leur plaît et en nombre tel que le hasard ou le caprice le leur permet, étant certain que ceux qui veulent assujétir la noblesse à en user autrement, embrouillent plutôt la science des armes qu'ils ne Téclaircissent. L'hermine (panne ou fourrure), fait la pièce de Tarmoirie et non les mouchetures, qui ne servent que de lustre et d'enjolivement à cette fourrure. Les registres paroissiaux existant depuis la Recherche de Chamillart, nous possédons, à partir de cette époque, notre filiation établie par actes de l'état civil délivrés en titres authen tiques par les greffes des Tribunaux. II est donc assez facile, quoi qu'on en dise, de faire ses preuves depuis la grande réfor mation. Le 7 juin 1674, le duc de Roquelaure, Chevalier des Ordres du Roy, Commandant en chef pour Sa Majesté dans la pro vince de Normandie, étant pleinement informé de la valeur, expérience, vigilance et bonne conduite au fait des armes et de la fidélité et affection au service du Roy de Jean Tesson du" ]

[ "HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN HISTORY 280 Eastern, Southern, & Northern Europe. Germany. 1808. Alexander invades Finland, and an English army is sent to Stockholm under Sir John Moore. The English intervention effected nothing, and in 1809 Gustavus IV was dethroned. The Tugendbund is constituted at Konigsberg April). An Austrian Landwehr is called into existence 1808. The Russians invade Finland (Feb. 21). Charles IV of Spain abdicates in favour of his son, Ferdinand VII. Frederick VI suc- ceeds Christian VII as King of Denmark (March). Mahmoud II suc- ceeds Mustapha IV, who is dethroned (July 28). 1809. Revolution in Swe- (June 9). By a new treaty (Sept. 8) Napoleon insists that for ten years the Prussian army is not to exceed 42,000 men. Fall of Stein (Dec.). 1809. The Austrians occupy Warsaw (April), and evacuate it in June. The Tyrolese under Hofer rise against the rule of Bavaria (April) . Schill fails in an attempt to rouse North Germany and is killed (May 31). The armistice of Znaim (July 12). The Archduke Charles resigns his command (July 31). Mettermch succeeds Stadion as Chancellor of den (March), War breaks out be- tween Russia and Tur key (April). Russia declares war against Austria (May). Pius VII is impri soned at Savona (July) . Treaty of Frederick s hamm between Russia and Sweden (Sept. 19), the latter promising to adhere to the Conti nental System and to cede Finland, the Aland Islands, and part of West Bothnia to Russia. [Napoleon refuses to recognize this treaty.] The Turks are de feated by the Russians' at Braila and Silistria (Sept. 26). Austria. The uncle of Gus tavus IV succeeds as Charles XIII, and Bernadotte is elected Prince Royal (Nov.).", "HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN HISTORY 306 1832 Eastern, Southern, & Northern Europe. Germany. The Dutch attack and defeat the Belgians (August), but Leopold is supported by the English and French. Assassination of Capo d'lstria (Oct. 9). William I of Hol land refuses to recog nize the conditions laid down by the London Conference. [Venezuela, Co- lombia, and New Grenada, united since 18 1 9, become separate States (Nov. 17).] 1832. The Sultan declares !. The German Diet confirms the Carlsbad Decrees, and, in full agreement with Metternich, forbids all popular assemblies, silences the Press, and curbs the Universities. war against Mehemet Ali, Viceroy of Egypt (April 15). Russia accepts the conclusions of the London Conference with regard to Bel gium, but Holland remains obdurate (May). Austrian troops again intervene to put down a revolt in the Papal States (Jan.). Otho of Bavaria is elected King of Greece (August 8). Austria makes no attempt to expel the French from Ancona. The Hungarian Diet (1832-36), influenced by Szechenyi, shows a liberal spirit. Pedro, ex-Emperor of Brazil, lands in Por tugal to support his daughterMaria against Miguel, and a war en sues. Dom Miguel is de feated (Sept.), and the Queen of Spain (the King being ill) be comes Regent (Oct. 25). Two Leagues are formed in Switzerland — the Sarner Bund, composed of the Ro man Cathobc and Conservative cantons, and the Siebener Con cordat, composed of the democratic can- tons.", "346 HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN HISTORY Eastern, Southern, & Northern Europe. Germany. 1859. Austria demands that Sardinia should disarm (April 23). Prussia refuses to interfere in the war between 1859. Cavour, on behalf of Sardinia, refuses Aus- tria's demand to dis- arm (April 26). The Austrians cross Austria and Sardinia, and Austria complains of her abandonment by Prussia. Foundation of the National Association (July), with the object of restoring the German Con stitution of 1848, followed by the foundation of an opposing association called the Reform- Ver ein. the Ticino (April 26\\ and the War of Italian Liberation begins. The success of the Allies causes Leopold of Tuscany and the rulers of Parma, Mo dena, and Bologna to fly (April 27). Victor Emanuel II takes command of the Sardinian and Tuscan forces (April 29 and 3°)- Death of Ferdinand II (Bomba), King of the Two Sicilies (May 22) ; he is succeeded by Francis II, who clings to the Austrian alliance. The following battles are fought during the War of Italian Liberation : Montebello (May 20), Palestro (May 30 and 31), Magenta (June 4), Malignano (June 7), Solferino (June 24). A strong feeling of opposition to Napoleon in Prussia and all Germany leads to the interview between the French and Austrian Emperors at Villafranca (July 11). The Treaty of Villa franca (July 11) ends the Italian war. Cavour resigns (July 13), being succeeded by Rattazzi. Leopold of Tuscany resigns in favour of his son Ferdinand IV (July 21). The Turks begin to persecute the Chris tians in Crete (July). Victor Emanuel II enters Milan (August 8). Tuscany, Parma, Modena, and the Le gations form an al liance (August 20\\ A Russian expe dition against the Cir cassians is successful (July and Sept.)." ]

[ "DE LA LAGUNE DE COMACCHIO. 21 Celle de Pédone porte quelquefois le nom de l'entrepreneur Tho masi, qui, en 1726, férigea aux frais du trésor pontifical. En résumé, f organisation de toutes ces écluses, espacées sur une longueur de 16 kilomètres environ du côté du Volano, de 20 ki lomètres du côté du Beno, mettent au service de l'exploitation vingt courants qui permettent de mêler aux eaux salées de la lagune celles des deux rivières qui en suivent les bords, et de faire con courir ces deux rivières, pour la part qui leur revient, à ì'ense mencement de cette lagune. Voyons maintenant quel rôle doivent jouer les eaux de l'Adriatique dans cette opération importante. Entre fembouchure du Volano et celle du Beno, à 9 kilomètres de la première et à 12 de la seconde, se trouve, avons-nous déjà dit, le port de Magnavacca, canal antique, de 66 mètres de large, qui remonte vers la lagune à travers fisthme étroit qui la sépare de la mer. Ce canal, si peu profond, que des navires d'un port supérieur aux grandes barques de pêche ne peuvent y entrer, con duisait autrefois, après un trajet de 1,000 mètres, les eaux de l'Adriatique à des fossés irréguliers, tortueux, qui les amenaient dans Comacchio, ou dans la lagune elle-même, par des voies dont les atterrissements menaçaient de compromettre l'industrie, si on n'avait pris des mesures pour conjurer le péril. Le cardinal Palotta, frappé des inconvénients d'un pareil état de choses, et voulant, dans sa sollicitude pour la colonie, porter remède à un mal qui s'aggravait sans cesse, forma le hardi projet, pendant sa légation de Ferrare, de i63i à 1 636, de prolonger le port de Magnavacca, non-seulement jusqu'à la ville de Comacchio, mais de le conduire, à travers toute la lagune, au delà même des limites de cette dernière, le creusant dans des langues de terre quand il s'en rencontrait, f enfermant dans des digues artificielles quand la terre ferme faisait défaut, afin d'aller, sur la rive opposée. chercher, à 10,000 mètres du point de départ, un vaste bassin d'eau douce, le Mezzano, qu'il incorpora, en l'inondant d'eau salée, à l'appareil hydraulique dans lequel son œuvre concourait si puis samment à transformer cette mer intérieure. Ce canal , dont le", "DE LA LAGUNE DE COMACCHIO. 69 (inspiedatori) , qui, avec une vitesse égale, enfilent tous ces tronçons de manière à en charger les broches. Fig. h. Broche garnie d'anguilles. Les miglioramenli et les morelli, qui viennent des valli supérieures, sont les seules qui subissent la décapitation et les sections dont je viens de parler. C'est à leur grosseur et à la difficulté qu'il y aurait à les tordre qu'elles doivent de n'être pas embrochées vivantes; mais celles d'une taille moindre, qui viennent des valli inférieures, sont vouées à ce supplice, après avoir subi une ou deux entailles, qui en rendent la torsion plus facile. On les replie ensuite en zigzag, et les ouvriers chargés de cette opération les traversent en trois ou quatre endroits, avec une dextérité qui étonne tous ceux qui en sont les témoins. Cette coutume de faire cuire les anguilles à la broche, soit entières , soit coupées par tronçons, remonte aux anciens Bomains, comme le prouvent deux peintures trouvées à Pompéi, sur le pilier extérieur d'une hôtellerie découverte près des thermes. Les figures qui y ser vaient d'enseigne représentent, l'une, une anguille entière, repliée sur elle-même et embrochée, l'autre, trois tronçons enfilés à la même broche. SURVEILLANCE DES RROCHES. Les broches, chargées comme je viens de le dire, passent aux mains des femmes attachées au service des cheminées, qui les posent sur les crochets des armures dont les ailes de ces cheminées sont garnies. Ces femmes, au nombre de trois pour chaque cheminée, ont des fonctions diverses : l'une règle le feu, le maintient toujours à un égal degré d'intensité, retire du foyer les cendres, qu'elle met en réserve pour d'autres usages, et sépare les braises qui excèdent la consommation des fourneaux, demeurant responsable des unes et des autres; la seconde veille aux broches et préside à la cuisson des anguilles; la troisième décharge ces broches, emporte les anguilles", "APPENDICE. - 213 des portions de rivières dont ils se rendent adjudicataires; charge égale ment fictive à laquelle ils ne manquent jamais de se soustraire, parce que les produits de leur location n'en couvriraient pas la dépense. Aussi le pillage s'exerce-t-il sans entraves partout où les résidus délé tères de nos usines, la chaux brûlante, la coque du Levant, le suc de feuphorbe, le rouissage du chanvre, les barrages, etc. n'ont pas encore amené la stérilité complète. Ici , c'est un bras de rivière qu'on obstrue aux deux bouts, afin que, dans ses eaux passagèrement stagnantes, faction du poison atteigne plus sûrement les espèces sédentaires qui s'y réfugient : ailleurs, des appareils destructeurs adaptés aux chutes y coupent la voie aux jeunes saumons qui, en se rendant à la mer, tombent en telle abon dance dans ces pièges, qu'en certaines localités, sur les bords de la Loire. par exemple, ne pouvant les consommer sur place, on les donne en pâture aux animaux domestiques. Tout cela, Sire, s'accomplit au grand jour, en pleine sécurité; car les auteurs de ces désastreuses pratiques savent bien que nul ne viendra troubler leur coupable industrie. A ce mal, Sire, il n'y a qu'un souverain remède : c'est de confier la police de la pêche fluviale à l'administration des ponts et chaussées, à celle qui, ayant déjà dans ses attributions l'aménagement général des eaux, dispose, par cela même, de tout ce qui peut faire la prospérité ou accomplir la ruine des pêches. Cette administration sans rivale dans le monde, partout présente, sur nos cours d'eau comme sur nos routes, dispose, pour le double service dont elle y est investie, d'un personnel de vingt-huit mille hommes; véri table armée de la paix, admirablement instruite et disciplinée pour les grandes entreprises de la paix, qui, par la nature même de ses fonctions et par l'entreprise de f établissement de pisciculture d'Huningue, qu'elle dirige, sera finstrument efficace d'ensemencement de nos fleuves, depuis leur tronc principal jusqu'en leurs moindres ramifications, si Votre Majesté lui fait une loi de vedler à la conservation de son œuvre. En dehors de son gouvernement, il n'y a rien de sérieux à tenter. On pourra bien créer des fonctionnaires nouveaux et grever le budget de charges nouvelles. mais, à coup sûr, on n'atteindra pas le but. Cette armée du travail, composée de 65o ingénieurs, de 3, 600 con ducteurs, de 2 4,o 00 employés secondaires, se partage en deux grands corps d'opération, ayant tous deux un détachement dans chaque départe-" ]

[ "145 agfes that have survived the wreck of time or of sacrilege j I mean the Tomb of Dagobert, a sepulchral chapel which originally adorned the church of St. Denis, form ing one ofthe number of those pious memorials which Saint Louis caused to be erected to the honour and (according to the Romish Faith) for the souls of his predecessors. It is covered with bass reliefs, represent ing, in a most singular succession of groupes, the monkish legend of King Dagoberl's soul rescued, at its de parture, from the claws of the Devil and his angels, by the interposition of Saint Denis ! This monument, from brtng continually exposed, contrary to inten tion, to the action of the atmosphere in a confined situation, has already become spotted with a green vegetable mould, and is, with many others, evidently suffering injury : and this for no other apparent reason in the world than that of making them subservient to the purposes of fantastical remark and of sentimental rhapsody.* The objects contained in the interior compartments of the Museum do not appear to have received any material additions either to their number or their im portance, since my former visit. The whole prodi gious assemblage has undergone a new disposition : the number of halls has been increased ; and the Intro ductory Saloon, considerably enlarged and of the most appropriate construction, presents a coup d'ceil of a very magnificent and interesting kind. One cannot in deed, sufficiently express one's admiration at the able and learned classification, and the extraordinary variety of these works of ancient and modern art : these correct and splendid illustrations of human character and of * Description du Musee par Lenoir.— See Observations sur 1'Elysee, p. 277. U", "154 tt monarch — that shrine has been knelt at by such « warrior — at this altar such a prelate has officiated. — • And, for my own part, never do I reap, from the scanty acquisitions and humble measure of intellectual powers that have fallen to my lot, any results more pleasurable than those which produce themselves when thus the reii* is given to Fancy, under the lively excitement of ob jects in themselves so venerable and so impressive. Opposite the portal of the South Transept, at the ex- tremity of an enclosed piece of ground of circumscribed dimensions, and clogged with fragments of sculptured stone, is a little green hillock, on the top of which stands a small wooden cross. It marks the spot where the se« pulchral tenants of this dignified cemetery— this West- minster Abbey of France,, were, in the annus dctestabilis of ninety -three, flung into a deep hole, dug there for that purpose. The bodies and bones of more than an hundred personages, more or less renowned in history ; statesmen, churchmen, warriors, princes and princesses, queens and kings, were, in a ferocious hatred of the priesthood, of nobility, and of royalty ; and with a stu- pid contempt for every thing great and virtuous ; con- signed to the same oblivious ignominy which attends the scattered remnants of \" the beasts that perish !\" O days of impiety — O deeds of sacrilege — provocatives of divine vengeance on that guilty people of which ye attest the mind-destroying change ; why have ye been so circumstantially recorded? Why, in the same pit where still \" unlionoured lie\" the illustrious dead of. France, were not committed, as to \" dull forgetfulness a prey,\" all details, and if possible all proof, of her children's degeneracy and infamy ? Posterity might hesitate in giving credence to the narrative of those", "165 of more regular and appropriate construction could be selected for such a public purpose : the only objection is its locality; being approached through a dirty part of the town, and too far removed from the Royal resi dence, and from the Lower House of Legislature. The whole building, inside and out, has been greatly beau tified, the gardens enlarged and thrown open, are beyond measure improved ; forming a striking contrast to the general appearance of this arrondissement of Paris; and adorned with basins, statues, and young planta tions, afford a promenade very little inferior to that of the Thuilleries : it is a more tranquil but not less agreeable place of resort ; and the avenue from the Palace, extended now as far as the Observatory, is an uncommonly fine piece of perspective. We were dis appointed of seeing the handsome Salle des Seances, of this French House of Lords : it not being the time of Session, the reason or pretext for excluding strangers was, that it was cleaning. The principal object of in terior attraction, however, is the collection of pictures, statues, busts, &c. in the galleries; and of those we had the gratification of passing some hours in the inspec tion. In the anti-chamber to the Gallery of Rubens, are some of Phillipe de Champaigne's best productions, both in point of design and colouring; among the rest, The Supper at Simon's the Pharisee's and The Last Supper. — In the well known and universally ad mired collection painted by Rubens to illustrate the chief transactions in the life of Murie de Medicis, (wife of Henry the Fourth and mother of Louis XIII.) there are such striking proofs both of knowledge, and of imagination, that it well deserves to be called the \" Poem\" of that astonishing Genius. Had there beeu" ]

[ "88 A STRAY SHOT AT THE YANKEES. their appearance, wearing long beards that, if anything, add to their ugliness. There are no cabs here, and their absence is most incommodious to strangers wishing to see everything. A company endeavoured to establish some, but, for various reasons, the project was given up as soon as enter tained. I reckon Lord Bury would find this a grand field for the exercise of his convey ance-creating faculties. The New Yorkers are more appreciative of commercial specu lation than the Londoners, and he might find Broadway dollars a rare solace for the loss of Oxford Street sixpences. Tramway omnibuses flourish here, and, except the post-carriages that ply at a dollar a trip, there are no public means of convey ance in the city. The Broadway is full of gaily-painted stages, under the care of one man, who discharges the double duty of driver and conductor. The fare is generally from five to six cents. Although tobacco-", "143 A STRAY SHOT AT THE YANKEES. told sadly upon them. They have lost largely of their territory ; and next year they must struggle harder than ever, if they would defend themselves from national extinction. You meet numbers of Federal officers, in valided and wounded, in New York, on leave of absence. I met a young fellow, only twenty-one years of age, who had been through seventeen general engagements. He had enlisted as a sergeant, and had got a company through his valour and steadiness. He had been wounded, and was on a couple of months' leave. He was enthusiastic in praise of his profession, and was anxious to be on the field once more. There are many brave, gentlemanly fellows like him ; but the Northern officers are generally what they are represented in the English papers — coarse and bombastic, not what would be expected from their position and profession. This, no doubt, arises from the fact that many of them have risen from very doubtful origin,", "182 A STRAY SHOT AT THE YANKEES. each other in a chain, as it were, and selected from the important and commanding position which they occupy. Some of them are mounted with seven or eight cannon, others with more. But these forts will interest few of my readers. Men care little for such things, and ladies less. How can I expect my fair readers to interest themselves about them ? The arrows of Cupid are their weapons of warfare. It is true they storm the citadel of a man's heart often enough. Down the breastwork goes before then light brigades of delicate attentions, their sweeping artillery of ardent eyes, their heavy phalanxes of sighs and tears, and their anxious inquiries and tender hopes — the sappers and miners of love's field of battle. Many strangers like Baltimore exceedingly. Bustle — constant, ever-anxious bustle — is always present; still I can't remember a pleasanter place to be quartered in, particu-" ]

[ "3 Words, though delicious, neither weak nor mean, But well adapted to the varying scene, Such as may charm the carping critic's ear, And chase those frowns less-daring poets fear : — Guide me, regardless of the roaring tide, To where, reposing on St. Catherine's side, Black Gang, in all his terrible array Of dearth and darkness, scowls upon the day, Like some foul monster of a former world, Or rebel angel, by th' Almighty hurl'd Down from the realms of everlasting bliss, Into his present comfortless abyss !. And oh ! ye softer genii of the downs, That shun Black Gang's inexorable frowns, Guide me to where simplicity and grace Adorn alike the peasant and the place, To where the babbling of the woodland brook, Heard in some leafy, unfrequented nook, Delights the ear, whilst all the neighb'ring grounds Are fill'd with pleasant and romantic sounds, Such as celestials breathe when Virtue flies From this dark sphere to mingle with the skies, T' enjoy that bliss we all expect to taste, And by its God be welcom'd and embrac'd : Guide me to scenes besides the boundless sea, Where verdure reigns and silence loves to be, b2", "124 To mock the lightning's fiercest flame, And hurl it back from whence it came ! Thou art a cheerful thing at eve, When all thy splendid lamps are lighted, And summer seems averse to leave The groves her sultry suns have blighted ; The forms that fancy loves to weave, Then start from her prolific loom, And, sporting round thee, soon relieve The ocean of its twilight gloom : Their airy flights, their fairy pranks, Are but the types of what we view In those terrestrial mountebanks, Whom Fashion terms her Parvenus, Grotesque, conceited, upstart things Whom Fortune into notice brings ! How oft, thou bright and cheerful thing ! Have I and Anne along the shore Prolong'd our ev'ning wandering, To hear the moonlit billows roar — How often have we sat, and seen The rays of thy resplendent lamps Dancing upon those billows sheen,", "146 had been previously tied up. The limping gait of the animal, gave the lanthorn a kind of motion exactly similar to that of a Ship's Light, and led the deceived pilot on these fatal rocks, a prey to merciless plunderers, who, it is said, would not scruple to murder any unfortunate individual that survived the wreck, in order to secure their booty more effectually. We now stood out to sea (says the same author) to avoid the shoals of Rocken End Race : the waves rolled tremendously, and whilst our minds were impressed with an idea of the ocean's immensity, we could have exclaimed with an admired writer — \" Hail ! thou' inexhaustible source of wonder and contem plation ! — Hail ! thou multitudinous Ocean ! whose waves chase one another down like the generations of men, and, after a momentary space, are immerged for ever in oblivion ! Thy fluctuating waters wash the varied shores of the world, and whilst they disjoin nations, whom a nearer connexion would involve in eternal war, they circulate their arts and their labours, and give health and plenty to mankind !\" How glorious, yet how awful are thy scenes, Thou vast, sublime, illimitable Sea ! Whether we mark thee when the winds are hush'd, And morning silvers the horizon's bound, Or ev'ning gilds it with its burnish'd gold — Whether we view thee in thy terrors clad, What time the hurricane sweeps headlong on, And boiling surges mingle with the clouds, Where Death conducts the vanguard of the storm, We can but watch thee with religious awe, And for the toiling mariner, whose heart Is sinking fast with terror and dismay, Implore the mercies of an all-wise God ! The scenery on either side, as viewed from Black Gang Chine Hotel, is transcendently imposing; for though there is an air of great sterility in many of the distant objects, the mind cannot but be highly gratified with the general character of the neigh-" ]

[ "LETTER Lill. BRUNSWICK — CATHEDRAL MONUMENTS — MARKET-PLACE — VARIOUS BUILDINGS CHURCHES PALACE CASTLE — VARIOUS BUILDINGS THEATRE VIEWEG'SCHE HAUS — SIERSTORFF PICTURE-GALLERY DUCAL MONUMENT — MR. VIEHWEG's VILLA — CAMPE's GRAVE. Brunswick. The good old city of Brunswick [Braunschweig], like the Hanse-towns, is surrounded by a planted rampart. As a British subject, I must first trans port you to the depository of your sovereign's an cestry. The Cathedral, dedicated to St. Blaise, was founded, in 1172, by Henry the Lion. In the in ternal architecture are three gradations. The great aisle is old Saxon. Some of the capitals are distinguished by four semicircles, or festoons, as in the old churches of Westphalia ; some have a simple leaf ornament; while others exhibit sa-", "383 GERMANY. ly, but fertile tract. The agreeable garden of the amtmann, on an eminence above the village, contains the scanty ruins of a castle. Our next object was a stalactitic grotto near Rilbeland, in the Brunswick territory, called the Baumannsbohle. The student gladly accepted of a seat to Blankenburg, and we departed by a road leading through the Bodethal, a stony and rug ged valley. Riibeland is a dingy hamlet. An innkeeper of a smutty, metallic aspect, is also the conductor to the Baumannshohle, so called from its discoverer, a miner, — who, having entered it in search of ore, lost his way, and, although he succeeded after two days in discovering an egress, died of exhaustion. The entrance of the cave, which is in the face of a hill, is fantastically over hung with foliage. A flight of rude steps leads into a succession of caverns, sinking deeper and deeper. Being provided with torches, we inspect ed all the capricious forms, wrought by Nature in imitation of Art, her own imitator and splen did inferior. There was little danger of life, but much of limb, in sliding from one curiosity to another, which we were often obliged to do, along the shelving and slippery rock. In one nook was a well of immaculate purity. The objects are de nominated according to their forms — the Cruci fixion, the Nun; the Hamburgh Arms; the Cha pel ; the Great Lion ; the Little Lion ; the Ring ing-Column ; &c. The last, called vernacularly", "LETTER LVI. BLANKENBURG — CASTLE — ENVIRONS — ROAD TO THE ROSS- TRAPPE — ROSSTRAPPE LEGENDS OF THE ROSSTRAPPE— GERNRODE MAGDESPRUNG MAGDETRAPPE SELKEN- THAL — ALEXISBAI) — SIPTENFELDE — ADVENTURE AT BREIT- ENSTEIN — EMBARRASSMENT HANNOv'rISCHE NEUSTADT — HOHENSTEIN CASTLE — ILFELD — AGREEABLE VISIT — SE- MINARY — ENVIRONS — ROAD TO NORDHAUSEN. Nordhausen. My date informs you that we are out of the Hartz, where, however, we have had some hair breadth escapes. We reached Blankenburg too late for more than a hasty view of the castle — a plain white edi fice, literally \" founded upon a rock.\" About half way up the leafy ascent is a platform, whereon stands a church. Smoking, and basking in a spot which commanded a delightful view — but for which he probably did not care a whiff — sat the Schlossver waiter, or castellan, who gruffly refused me admittance, as it was now getting vol. n. s" ]

[ "34 AN INTRODUCTION TO METALLURGY Incipient red . . . . . ■ 525 Dark red 7°°° Incipient cherry-red ..... 800 Clear cherry-red ..... 1000 White 1300° Dazzling white . ..... 1500 Un solidifying from a molten state, metals frequently exhibit ex crescences due to the expulsion of absorbed gases. This expulsion often occurs shortly before the solidification, and causes a sudden outburst of metal through the surface. In this way silver, when molten, absorbs oxygen, and expels it on solidification. In the case of steel, the evolution of gas continues long after the metal has solidified 011 the surface. When a metal passes from the hquid to the sohd state, it either does so suddenly, or it passes through an intermediate pasty stage. This fact is occasionaUy of great metallurgical importance. Thus, white pig hon is more suitable for dry puddling than is grey pig iron, as the former becomes very pasty, whilst the latter does not. On solidification after melting, metals usuaUy crystallise. CrystaUisation also occurs when metals are condensed from a state of vapour or are deposited by the electrolytic decomposition of metallic solutions. Metals most frequently crystallise in the cubic system. This is the case with platinum, gold, silver, copper, lead, and iron, and probably with tin and zinc. Tin also crystal lises in the tetragonal system, and the iron carbide known as spiegeleisen crystallises in the rhombic system. Antimony, arsenic, and zinc crystallise in the hexagonal system, whilst bis muth crystallises in rhoinbohedra resembling cubes. Tin, zinc, and lead are thus dimorphous — that is, they may be developed according to two systems of crystallisation. The CrystaUisation of metals is of great importance, as the formation of crystals, due to continued vibration, intense cold, sudden alterations of tem perature, or the presence of impurities may render a metal abso lutely useless. Crystallisation may serve to indicate the quality of the metal, as in the case of foundry pig hon ; to indicate the presence of impurities, as in the case of the film of antimony produced on lead that is refined by steam ; and, lastly, to separate metals on a large scale, as is the case in Pattinsohs process of de shVerising lead. Welding is the property possessed by metals which on cooling from the molten state pass through a plastic stage before becom ing perfectly solid, of being joined together by the cohesion of the molecules that is induced by the application of an extraneous", "MEANS OF SUPPLYING AIR TO FURNACES. 233 /^-shaped cast-iron pipes, that connect two paraUel horizontal main pipes, embedded in the masonry on either side of the rectangular fire-place that extends throughout the stove. A modification of this second type is the so-called pistol-pipe stove (Fig. 74). In this case the arch is replaced by a single pipe divided longitudinally, the division reaching nearly to the top, which is enlarged in the form of the stock of a pistol. Two types of regenerative hot-blast stoves are employed. These are based on the principle of the intermittent absorption of heat by masses of fire-brick and the transference of the heat to the blast. The first stove of this type was constructed by Cowper in 1860 ; it is simUar in arrangement to a Siemens regenerator. It is enclosed, however, in an iron case so as to withstand the pres sure of the blast. The first stove of the second type was con structed by Whitwell in 1865 for the Thornaby works at Stockton. It is essentially a serpentine pipe-stove constructed of fire-brick. The Cowper stove, which is represented in sectional elevation and plan in Figs. 75 and 76, consists of a sheet-iron tower I, of circular horizontal section, closed with a dome-shaped roof B, and lined internally with fire-brick. A circular flame-flue F, extends from the base to the dome, whilst the remainder of the stove is filled with fire-brick chequer-work, and forms the re generator R. The waste gases from the blast-furnace pass in by the valve G, and are burnt at N, the necessary air for com bustion entering by the valve A. The flame descends through the chequer-work and passes out by tbe chimney-valve V. In this way the brickwork becomes heated. The valves G, A, and V are closed, and cold blast, admitted tlirough the valve C, is passed through in the reverse direction. It absorbs heat from the chequer-work and is delivered as hot-blast by the valve H. The chequer-work is constructed of Cowper's honeycomb bricks. Two stoves are worked in conjunction, one being heated whUe the blast passes through the other. It is advisable to have a third in reserve. These stoves are 40 to 65 feet high and 26 to 28 feet in diameter. Compared with pipe-stoves the saving of fuel is about 20 per cent, and the increased make is also 20 per cent. An exact average of over 100 stoves shows the saving in fuel to amount to a little over 5 cwt. of coke per ton of hon.* In 1883 there were 360 of these stoves at work in Europe and America. The Whitwell stove is shown in Fig. 77. It is merely a brick work serpentine pipe formed by vertical walls, and enclosed in a cylindrical case. The waete gases from the furnace enter * E. A. Cowper, Journ Iron and Steel Inst., 1883, p. 576.", "MEDICINE AND THE ALLIED SCIENCES. 11 By Drs. MEYER and FERGUS. Now Ready, with Three Coloured Plate', and numerous Illustrations. Royal 8vo, Handsome Cloth, 25s. DISEASES OF THE EYE (A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON), By EDOUARD MEYER, Prof. a VEcole Pratique de la Faculti de Midecine de Paris, Chev. ofthe Leg. of Honour, t&e. Translated from the Third French Edition, with Additions as contained in the Fourth German Edition, By F. FERGUS, M.B., Ophthalmic Surgeon, Glasgow Infirmary. The particular features that will most commend Dr. Meyer's work to English readers are — its conciseness, its helpfulness in explana tion, and the practicality of its directions. The best proof of ita worth may, perhaps, be seen in the fact that it has now gone through three French and Jour German editions, and has been translated into most European languages — Italian, Spanish, Russian, and Polish — and even into Japanese. Opinions of the Press. \" A good translation of a good book. . . . A SOUND GUIDE in the diagnosis aud treatment ot the various diseases of the eye that are likely to fall under the notice of the general Practitioner. The Paper, Type, and Chromo-Lithographs are all that could be desired. . . . We know of no work in which the diseases and deformities of the lids are more fully treated. Numerous figures illus trate almost every defect remediable by operation.\" — Practitioner. \"A vert trustworthy guide in all respects. . . . thoroughly practical. Excellently trans lated, and very well got up. Type, Woodcuts, and Chromo-LithographB are alike excellent.\" — Lancet. \" Any Student will find this work of great value. . . . The chapter on Cataract is excellent. . . The Illustrations describing the various plastic operations are specially helpful. '— Brit. ited. Journal. \"An excellent translation of a standard French Text-Book. . . . We can cordially recom mend Dr. Meyer's work. It is essentially a practical work. The Publishers have done their part in the tMteful and Bubstanti-il manner characteristic of their medical publications.\"— Oplxilxa.'mic Bevietc. A 3" ]

[ "the Brighton directory for 1800. 9 Jonathan Grenville (Headborough in 1800) was formally appointed poor-rate collector \"at a compensation of 3d. in the £ on all monies collected ; the appointment to be discretionary in the 'Breast' of the Parish Officers.\" The inhabitants were ignorant of police, watch, and other such like rates, which present Brightonians may be supposed to luxuriate in. The supervision of the town was then chiefly performed by the High Constable and his Head boroughs; the duties at night being carried out by one or two watchmen — \"Old Charlies,\" — one of whom, in winter time, acted as bell-man, perambulating the town and proclaiming hourly in most lugubrious tones the time of night or morning and the state of the weather, a custom which did not fall into desuetude till near 1830.* Not the least important individual in the list of Parish Officers is the last — the Town Crier and Beadle,! who, when fully attired en regie — in cocked hat and other insignia of office — doubtless considered himself, and was considered, the concentrated embodiment of parochial authority. By an entry in the Parish Vestry Book, under date March 31st, 1800, his appointment and duties are thus set forth : — \" That Mr. Thomas Waring be appointed Beadle and Cryer at a salary of Twenty Pounds and Cloathes. It is understood that his duty is to make the Poor Books, the Church Book, the Surveyor's Book, and the Town Book. He is also to attend the North and West Galleries of the Church on Sundays. He is to go round the town with the Officers to make the Militia List, and is likewise to officiate as Headborough in the town ; but not elsewhere, and to be sworn for the purpose.\" With such a salary and such multifarious and onerous duties, Mr. Thomas Waring's office was no sinecure} ; but, probably, the Parish Officers were not unmindful of the \" Order of Vestry,\" passed two or three years previously, in 1796 : — \" All vagrants and beggars are to be apprehended by the Crier, who is to receive a shilling a head for their capture.\" A substantial addition this to his salary, possibly ; and, as beggar-hunting was profitable, * \"Poss\" Lynn, a fisherman, for many years officiated as the local Dogberry; and without taxing the memory of the \" oldest inhabitant,\" many, doubtless, recollect his matutinal cry of \" Past four o'clock and a cloudy morning \" (or \"fine,\" as the case might be). \" Poor old Poss Lynn ! \" In the latter years of his official life his custom was to make a Christmas call on the principal inhabitants for a \" remembrancer.\" At such times he wore a tall black shiny leather hat, around which was tied a piece of paper, bearing some such doggerel as the following : — \" Men and maids arise, Make your puddings and your pies, A merry Christmas and happy New Year, And when you die to heaven to steer. Remember poor old Poss Lynn.\" t The office of Town Crier fell into desuetude in Brighton in 1877, on the death of Giles, junior. } It appears to have been a sailing with our forefathers to make their officials earn their salaries. Erredge gives a quotation from the Vestry Book in 1707, which is as follows :— \" John Mockford appointed Clerk at Church ; part of his duty is to wash the Church linen and scour the Church plate. \"", "f bppvjhlti Plan Showing the Promenade GRovEr Pavilion, &C.J803.", "A PEEP INTO THE PAST. 320 The little Chapel, which was of the plainest character, was opened, as we have said, in the year 1761 ; the opening sermons being preached by the Rev. Martin Madan. For some time it was solely supplied by clergymen of the Established Church ; and among those who successively took charge of the congregation were the Revs. W. Romaine, J. Berridge (Rector of Everton), Henry Venn (the grandfather of the late Rev. H. V. Elliott, of St. Mary's, Brighton), and J. Fletcher. So rapidly did the congregation increase, that, six years after its opening, the Chapel was found \" too strait \" for them. Accordingly, in 1767, an enlargement took place. The Chapel was closed during the alterations ; and, on the 20th March, \" Her Ladyship gathered her Chaplains around her, and re-opened the sanctuary for the worship of God.\" The Rev. Mr. Madan preached in the morning, and the Rev. George Whitefield in the evening, to crowded congregations. From an old map of the period, it would appear that one entrance to the Chapel must then have been by a passage at the west side of the Countess's house, leading from North-street; another entrance also being just below what was subsequently known as Poplar place (in the Lanes) — from a row of poplars growing there — but then being a portion of the pathway through the fields from North-street to Black Lion-street. To the south of the garden in which the Chapel stood, there was at this period a large meadow (attached to a farm close by), in which for many a year after cattle were wont to graze. The Countess took a lively interest in the welfare of the little Chapel, and personally super intended the instruction of the younger members of the congregation in singing, and also in religion. Special progress would appear to have been made in singing, as an effective choir was formed. One of its earliest members, in her youthful days, was Mrs. Humber, the wife of the once well-known local schoolmaster. An event in the history of the choir deserves notice, namely, its visit to Tunbridge Wells. The Lewes Journal of July 24, 1769, says : — \" Saturday last about twenty young people went through this place from Brighthelmston to Tun bridge Wells, to attend at the opening of a new Chapel built there by Lady Huntingdon : they were young people that Her Ladyship got instructed in Psalm singing, &c.\" * In 1774, to meet the necessities of a constantly-increasing attendance, the original Chapel was rebuilt in a much-enlarged form (the walls of the old structure forming part of the building pulled down in 1870) the pulpit being placed in the centre of the eastern side, just opposite the spot where the Sortain memorial tablet was subsequently placed. The main entrance to the Chapel at this period was by the Lanes, as the Countess's residence (immediately north of the Chapel) completely shut it out from North-street. The expenses of this rebuilding were chiefly ham Chapel, said to Lady Ann, ' I want ,£300. I have no money in the house but that put by for my funeral. For the first time in my life I feel inclined to let that go. ' Lady Ann replied, ' I shall be glad when that money is out of the house. You can trust God with your soul ; why not with your funeral ? ' The Countess at once took the money, and devoted it to the desired purpose.\" *A\"Diarist,\" who resided in Ship-street, Brighton, in 1780, doubtless refers to some members of the choir when he alludes to \" the spiritual songs and hymns which some females (attendants at Lady Huntingdon's Chapel) in the next house are continually chanting.\"" ]

[ "CAPTAIN OF THE ISLAND. 53 I caused Elger, the schoolmaster, to provide an oration, which was made unto him at the schoolmaster's door by Keeling, one of the scholars [was this Keeling a son of William Keeling, whose tablet with his epitaph on it is still in Carisbrooke Church ?] ; then the Mayor with his brethren met him with tender of wine and cakes. Coming near the Castle the company of boys met him and skirmished before him, and alighting, the ordnance saluted him. There came with him only Sir Francis Onslow and Sir Thomas Jarvis, his deputies on the main. On Monday, coming to view Sandham and St. Helens, he and all the gentlemen of the Island dined at my house. On Wednesday morning we had a general muster, and he dined that day at my Lady Worsley's. Thursday he went and saw Freshwater and Yarmouth, having sent provisions to Thorley he dined there. This was all his journeys, and on the 19th from Blackedge [Blackedge, a place not far from West Cowes, near what is now called Egypt], he went out of our Island. Concerning his person he was old, unwieldy, and very sickly ; neither fit for the employment or command. Certainly he had been a brave fellow, as now a courtier ; he had excellent gifts of nature, but no art ; spoke very well, with many good words and compliments ; affable and courteous to all ; with many large promises to divers in their particulars ; as also most especially for the state and public good of the Island in general ; of which promises we took hold and made use of, showing him, and by writing giving him a true account of all our wants and defects. Now we are to expect his worth by his willingness (if not ability) and forwardness both for his own honour and our safety.' In the second year of Charles I he had been created Viscount Killultagh of Killultagh, County Antrim, Ireland, and on June 6, 1627, Viscount Conway of Conway Castle in Carnarvonshire, by which title Oglander always speaks of him. Before paying his official visit to the Isle of Wight, Conway had a good deal to do in settling the domestic squabbles between Charles I and his Queen, Henrietta Maria, arising from the natural partiality of the latter to her French attendants and priests. An amusing account of Conway's negotiations with the French bishop and priests, and the more recalcitrant women-attendants, ' who howled", "M.P. FOR NEWTOWN, I. W. 373 known. 'I never,' writes Sir William Temple, who had seen the abolition of the monarchy and all that followed, 'saw greater disturbance in men's minds.' The tide ran furiously against the Court, and the Court made corresponding efforts to meet the opposition. During some weeks the contention throughout the country was fierce and obstinate beyond example. Horses were hired at a great charge for the con veyance of electors. The practice of splitting freeholds, for the purpose of manufacturing what now are called ' faggot votes,' dates from this memorable struggle. The fury of the people was chiefly directed against the Duke of York, who had avowed himself a Roman Catholic, while the King was only one in secret. Charles had found it necessary to yield to the violence of the public feeling. His brother, the Duke of York, was on the point of retiring to Holland. John Churchill, who was on the establishment of the Duke of York, would have found it very difficult to be returned to Parliament. Fortunately for him, Newtown in the Isle of Wight was at the disposal of the Governor of the Isle of Wight, who was then Sir Robert Holmes (1667-1692). Holmes was a person in favour with the King and the Duke of York. He got John Churchill along with Sir Richard Holmes to be returned as members for Newtown. The Parliament assembled on March 6, when a new council was formed, consisting of members of the ' country party,' who were bent on shutting out the Duke of York from the throne on account of his religion. Shaftesbury, who was the presi dent of the council, lived to see the great party which he had led scattered to the winds by the machinery of the ' Popish Plot,' which, though he may not have invented it, he con descended to use, and which broke down, after bringing some innocent men to the scaffold. His ungovernable passions entailed a judicial blindness to consequences, which in the end brought him, with all his desperate hardiness, abundant resources, and skilful retreats, to his doom. This Parliament has the credit of having passed what is known as the ' Habeas Corpus Act ' for the better securing of the liberty of the subject, and for prevention of imprisonment beyond the seas. The Great Charter had established the immunity of every freeman from arbitrary imprisonment, but the judges often", "640 CHARLES X OF FRANCE AT COWES. yourself.' Then raising his hand to bless the Due de Bor deaux (whom his mother had placed in the foreground), he added — 'And for this child, to whom you should transmit the throne, after my son and my daughter,' as he affection ately styled the Due and Duchesse d'Angouleme, looking at the Due de Bordeaux he said, ' may you be wiser and happier than your father ! ' This dying advice was lost upon Charles X. At first he gained a gleam of passing popularity by issuing an ordinance abolishing the censorship of the press, which had been re established by his predecessor only in August, the month before he died. Eventually the king's treatment of the press was the cause of his ruin. It had been said of the ancient monarchy of France that it was ' a despotism tempered by epigrams.' The keen wit of the sharpshooters of the Parisian newspaper press directed their well-aimed shafts against the person of the king, his ministers, and the bishops. Such personages were the usual targets of this guerilla warfare. The public who take in their Balaam to curse, and not to bless, expect the newspaper which represents their own particular views of politics to follow this course of acri monious language. It goes for what it is worth, and it is the wiser course for governments to let the press alone. By repetition these attacks lose their point. The Prince Jules de Polignac, who had become the chief adviser of Charles X, was annoyed with the assaults of these modern Ishmaelites, who found in every act of the administration the raw material for epigram. Prince Polignac, whose head was full of the ideas which belonged to the age of the ' Grand Monarque,' was one of those accomplished, strong headed politicians, who are respected by their associates as men of sincerity, conscience, and loyalty, but whom their adversaries detest with all the bitterness of party spite. He had been in England, where the Duke of Wellington enter tained a warm personal friendship for him. This friendship did him no good among the sensitive and suspicious French people, who hated Wellington, and nicknamed the Polignac administration the ' Wellington ministry.' It is probable that if Polignac, who was inaccessible to the counsels of moderation, had ever obtained any opinion from the Duke" ]

[ "34 LIVE IT DOWN. ' canting hypocrite' (as he persisted in calling the rector) made Carry tremble in her minute shoes, and Martha turn pale with astonishment, and John Brom head say, \" Easy, easy, Edgar, — come my young friend, don't be so violent. You must let every man act ac cording to his conscience.\" \" Conscience !\" cried Edgar. \" Don't talk to me about that man's conscience. Conscience is the word now used everywhere to dress up acts of impertinent interference, so that they may be tolerated by the world.\" \" Well,\" observed the merchant, wishing to pacify his daughter's lover, \" Mr. Wylie teUs everyone that the rector has called upon him, and offered him the most handsome and delicate apologies or his unin tended insult. And you mayn't be so severe against people who disapprove of actors ; for (though as a young man I used to take great interest in the drama) we dissenters entertain conscientious scruples against patronizing the play-house.\" \" Of course, he apologised !\" returned Edgar hotly, paying no attention to the latter portion of John Brom head's speech. \" He found out he had made a prodi gious mistake ; and having set the sown against him self, he hadn't the courage to persist in his conscientious course. It isn't the first time I've known a man sneak out of a scrape — with an apology.\" \" Well,\" said John Bromhead, charitably, \" that's better than lying in a nasty muddy scrape, out of sheer obstinacy.\" \" True, — but creeping out of a scrape doesn't brush mud off soUed clothes. So I'U still say, the rector has a muddy coat on his back. But I'U fight him ! He doesn't approve horse-racing (there's nothing he does", "156 LIVE IT DOWN. delicate consideration thus shown for Adelaide Turrett by her father missed its chief end ; for Edgar, though he had expensive pleasures at Cambridge, and (after leaving in ' tbe light lands/ had always managed his affairs so well, that he had never stumbled into a pecuniary difficulty. Aunt Ade laide's fund had therefore gone on increasing, until it was an important sum. Since Edgar's engagement, she had decided that ' the hoard ' should be in some way expended to add to the splendour of the approaching alliance, — and be a memorial of tbe satisfaction she took in it. Since Carry would bring a large fortune to the Hollow House, she — as an heiress — ought to be welcomed by the Turretts with a suitable offering of precious stones and jewels. Thus thought the old Squire's daughter ; and innocent of worldly pride though she was, a glow of exultation came to the cheek of the gentle lady when the thought occurred to her that she would lay out her money in diamonds (diamonds trea sured in a casket which should be inscribed ' Aunt Adelaide's Casket'), and present them to Edgar's bride on her wedding-day. If she should not herself live to see the wedding-day, the gift should still be made, — and it would be sweeter and more sacred, the donor being dead — to gratitude and ingratitude alike. And then exultation gave way to softer emotion. But the simple creature was still happy in her heart, thinking how, in the far-off, happy future, women of her family — delicate, beautiful, gracious, meek towards Heaven, generous towards the world — would have the bright gems ! and how, before they left their mirrors for ball or concert, they would mirthfully press the empty casket to their fresh pink lips, and say, \" Bless you, dear Aunt Adelaide !\"", "192 LIVE IT DOWN. church is three miles away — too far for a walk ; and now that Mr. Barber is away from home with the gig, I can't leave the farm — except on my feet. Dear, dear uncle, you're better than sunshine on this dull day!\" The church was rather more than three miles away from the farm-house, but it was nearer to Alec Barber's ' little place' (as he mysteriously called the homestead when he mentioned it to his King's Heath friends) than any habitation superior to the peasant's cottages which were thinly scattered about the flat, oozy marsh-land. Retirement was the solitary recommendation of the horse-dealer's residence. A small, dilapidated house, with a slip of neglected garden on one side of it, and an equally neglected orchard on the other ; ,a crazy barn standing in the midst of a few sheds and stables, which were the only objects on the estate marked by indica tions of recent repair; forty or fifty acres of sedgy swamp and coarse pasturage ; a field or two of poor land, from which the occupant extracted, year after year, with the smallest possible amount of labour, a thin crop of very inferior oats, broken fences, rotten rails, gates with broken hinges, and left half open — other gates made fast with bands of old rope-end ! Such were the principal external features of Mr. Alexander Bar ber's ' little place.' The interior of the house was less desolate and miser able. The building was weather-tight, as far as a lath and-plaster dwelling, more than a century old, could be weather-tight, in a locality over which sluggish marsh-miasma brooded the whole year round — over which the bleak east winds, coming from the sea, swept, unbroken by a single clump of timber more important than the scanty collection of" ]

[ "SUNSET. 11 crowded room. Barclay had always been the hero of the hour because of his great wealth, his dignified bearing, and his extraordinary physical beauty. Now he was more than ever conspicuous because of the fact of his engage ment to Miss Fullerton, the reigning belle of the last winter's season ; and there was an air of self-consciousness about the man as he entered the room, not to be wondered at, perhaps, under the circumstances, yet none the less apparent in spite of the cause. Barclay was accused by his enemies of study ing effects. If, indeed, effects had been the sole study of his life he could not have made a more effective entrance into a room than was the case in this present instance, as with dignified strides and stately bearing he majestically made his way through the sumptuous apartment; his broad-brimmed silk hat set back upon his curly black head, his silver shepherd's-crook cane under his arm, and one of his neatly gloved hands thrust deep into his trousers' pocket. Bowing to the right hand and to the left with arrogant composure, like a king dispensing his patronage, Barclay crossed the morning-room of the club-house, and approached the group that awaited him in the window.", "176 SILKEN THREADS. most folks. Yet I could n't get a little chloro form for the toothache ! I tell you it ain't rea sonable. Why could n't you sell me chloroform just as well as Mr. Edgerton? \" The portly druggist smiled in gentle depreca tion of the other's heat. \" I am acquainted with Mr. Edgerton,\" he blandly answered. \" So, because you 're acquainted with Mr. Edgerton, you 'd sell him anything he asked for ; while I might hang round and suffer, and could n't get a drop of relief, just because you did n't know me?\" \" Well, that 's about it,\" the druggist admitted, smiling again with gentle deprecation. Citizens are apt to treat sailors as they treat children, — a fact of which Eley had taken advantage when he adopted his present disguise. \" You see, Captain,\" the druggist familiarly continued, \" we have to be very careful about what we sell, and whom we sell it to. It is n't ex actly against the law to sell poisons, you know ; but if we did sell 'em, like as not some accident might happen that would kill our business.\" Thus the portly druggist and the watchful detective fell into easy conversation, the upshot of which was, that Eley promised to refill his", "THE INVITATION. 319 trembling and shuddering, looked from one to the other of the group, as if seeking pardon for the deed he had done. Then he addressed the mourning Italian, — \" I am very sorry,\" he said gently. \" I was afraid, and not myself. I beg your pardon ; \" and he pressed a roll of money upon the man, ten times the value of the murdered beast. The Italian looked upon the gentleman ; then upon the roll of bills. He would be glad to sell a monkey every day upon such generous terms. \" That all right,\" he answered, smiling, \" ver cross monk, bittee;\" and he showed his own white teeth in pleasant smiles. \"Make no differ ence, make no difference, ver cross monk, bittee, bittee ; \" and rubbing his hands he raised the dead creature from the gutter, and placed it beneath the red covering of the organ. With which for mality he speedily departed, fearing lest the young man should demand the restitution of a portion of his money. Dalton turned towards his friends, — \" I beg your pardon, fellows. Lately, I some times think I am not quite myself; \" and with hurried steps he left the group and hastened up the street. Prose and Candage stood on the steps of the" ]

[ "7 moving cars of the different idols, believing that thus crushed to death they would instantly ascend to heaven. But this nefarious practice as many others of a similarly revolting nature has been put down by our English governors. Except the pandits who are perhaps numerous, but whose influence is not salutary, the people in general are not educated in any sense ofthe word. They are not at all industrious, and as a necessary consequence, they are very poor, ready to be crushed by one single bad season, The Chaitanya religion predominates here as in Bengal, as established by Chaitanya himself. They speak a lan guage called the Odhra which is wholly derived from the Sanskrit, and in which there is some literature. There is in this province a large class of Zemindars whose estates are called the tributary mehals, and some of whom are remarkably intelligent, although few have had the ad vantage of receiving a liberal education. The adherents of Chaitanya here, as in Bengal, called the Prabhu-santdna, or the offspring of the Lord, live in a sort of Indian spiri tual agapemone. Although apathetic the people are not cruel, and heinous crime is not frequent there. Each man thinks it his bounden duty to feed Brahmans, and to give them something every now and then. There are hosts of begging Brahmans who live entirely upon this sort of black mail, and who rove about in quest of it. The people sometimes give food to a traveller, if he is not a mahammadan, for whom they have the greatest hatred. The Odhras wear as a general rule coarse cloths ; and their personal ornaments, except among the Brahmans and other superior classes, are made of brass and bell-metal. They use certain kinds of animal food ; but to eat onions", "9 country. The people here are, as a rule, more indiscrimi nately hospitable, more social, more liberal than anywhere else, except those of the south, who excel all others in these virtues. The Bengalis fight more generally with the tongue than with the sword; for it is a proverb among the Hindustanis, that the Bengali faints at the sight of a drawn sword. With regard to learning also, the Bengalis are superi or, for they have always been a set of highly intellectual people ; and much of our ancient non-vedic literature owes its origin to Bengal. Their language bearing the same relationship to the Odhra, as does the Tamil to the Te lugu, has been much more cultivated, and contains a far superior literature, and is admittedly sweeter than all the modern A'rydn languages put together. In Bengal there is no place of important religious resort; but the Ganga or Bhagirathi is a very great attraction to the people who, at stated periods, swarm to the sacred stream which confers all kinds of benefits. The temple of Kali near Calcutta is also a centre of attrac tion ; and many resort to it ; but now-a-days those fabu lous human sacrifices of which we used to hear so much in our younger days are no more heard of there ; nor does the o-oddess Kali exercise the same influence as she used to do in former days, seeing that English education and western learning of the people have estranged them from her. The city of Calcutta rightly deserves and demands a closer study. It is by its capital that the surrounding B", "36 from which it is deducible that the different races of mankind must have had different patriarchs ; and attempts are also being made to prove the common identity of the whole human race by the production of linguistic evidence. As man where-ever and however formed, whether in the frizid or torrid zone, whether as civilized or barbarous, his natural wants and desires are all identical, it follows that his language must have originally been one and the same. Again the identity of human language being thus establish ed, it directly establishes the identity of human race. There can be no doubt whatever as to the common lan guage of man being that from which the primitive Sanskrit was wrought out ; and the most remarkable verbal and inflectional coincidences which strike us in many of the old inflectional languages cannot be attributed to chance. As a practical illustration of this fact I shall read out to you some short sentences which I have composed in San skrit and Latin, which are in every respect identical and mean the same thing in both languages. In Sanskrit the equivalent expression for \" I have a house\" is : — Asti mahyam dhdma. In Latin the same is : — Est mihi domus. For \" My father and mother are dead\" You say in Sanskrit: — Pita mdta mama mritau. In Latin the same is : — Pater, mater mef mortni. For \" I have got three brothers\" the Sanskrit is:— Brataro mama trayah santi." ]

[ "166 Sweet Irish Eyes So Honor went on ; ' but if you will only be calm, and have a little patience, and listen to me, I can make it all clear to you. Eila is playing a very difficult double game ; how it will end I can't say. But I assure you her heart is as true to you as on that night when she said good-bye to you down on the loch. She wrote to you at the last address you gave as recently as a month or six weeks ago. What have you been doing that you didn't get the letter ? ' ' What have I been doing ? ' he repeated, a little more calmly, but still bitterly. ' It's a sorry enough story since I left the service. No, you need not look at me like that, Miss Mayne, I give you my word of honour as a gentleman — it's about the only thing I've left to give — that I've done nothing to be ashamed of. There is every inducement there for a fellow who is down on his luck to console himself with the whiskey-bottle. But I've kept clear of that sort of thing for Eila's sake,' he added, with a break in his voice. ' I was, I suppose, too much in a hurry to begin with. I wanted instantly to set about getting ready the home in which she had", "171 Sweet Irish Eyes So a selfish, jealous brute. I really do not deserve her forgiveness, but if she will ' ' Give me a message to take back to her ; stoat's what she's longing for.' ' Tell her,' said Bob, in a low voice, and looking earnestly at Honor — ' tell her that I love her now, and have loved her always, as much as when we last met. Ask her to be patient — to wait.' 'I will.' ' Only I don't see daylight anywhere — I don't indeed,' Bob went on, in a gloomy tone. ' Do you ? ' Honor hesitated a moment ' It would be cruel to deceive you both ; indeed, I don't, just now. The combined forces are terribly against you — Sir John, Lady Ravensheuch, Mr Warleigh ' ' Have I no chance with my uncle ? He used to make so much of me,' Bob continued, piteously. ' He won't hear your name mentioned. Tommie is the only person who ever speaks of you above her breath.' ' Dear little Tommie ! Is she as naughty as ever ? Give her my love.'", "189 Sweet Irish Eyes 5^ Warleigh. We can't possibly entertain any such suspicion. I couldn't bring myself to it — I couldn't indeed.' ' Didn't I hear you say that her family are in a good deal of trouble just now with Irish property ? ' ' Indeed they are. Poor things ! Place shut up, boys taken away from school. It's been quite preying on Miss Mayne's mind, poor girl ! But, no, Warleigh, no. It's impossible, quite. I couldn't think of it. I sooner lose fifty brooches.' ' Just listen, uncle,' replied Warleigh, bending forward, and speaking in a low voice. ' I have something to tell you — something I noticed in connection with Miss Mayne the day we went to the Wild West, and again yesterday — something I saw unexpectedly in the street,' and he told him about Honor's meeting with the cowboy, and of his seeing her in the Bayswater Road with the seedy looking man. Whilst he was speaking the door was opened noiselessly, and Lady Ballater, stealing in, overheard his story. ' Oh, John ! Oh, Warleigh ! ' she moaned," ]

[ "5 With her he uses all the little Arts, Invented to surprize unguarded Hearts. No Treats are wanting that may bribe her Sense, And to her heart convey soft Love from thence. To Balls and Plays she'.*; Daily ufher'd in, Tell mee St. James\\-par\\ how oft' you've seen, (Grove, The Perjur'd wretch conduct her through the And whisper Tales of his pretended Love. How oft he kist her hand, and softly swore, i That ihe, and none but she he could adore, > When the same time he Ogl'd at a Whore. ) His vigrou's Courtship overcomes the Fair, She can no longer such brisk Sallyes bear. With blushes which too well the heart discover, The cred'lous Phillis, owns her self a Lover. Which mighty secret when theWretch has known,\") Retires and all his Passion does disown. \\ Disown't said I ? Ah certainly he'd none; ) And 'tis a part of his diversion made, > To tell the World how th' Fair One was betraidA Your Thunder-Gods ! to strike the Villain dead. ) O could my Pen dart Lightning at the Slave, A fate deserv'd his Perjuries should have: But a Curst Impotence attends mee still, And Men must for the Deed accept the Will; Bnt", "8 He'l tick with Hell for one false Promise more, And a whole Race of feigned Vows run o're. No Woman shall monopolise his Heart, But every Female shall pretend apart. Inconstancy the Practic'd Vice of th' Age, Makes him all Women that he sees engage. One Woman takes him with her charming Air, This 'cause fhee's Blacfohe other cause shee's Fair. Now now he dyes for Sylvia's Charming Eyes, Till Cœlias Singing, did his Soul surprize; His trifsting heart she for a while possest, Till 'twas remov'd to Rosalindas Breast: She could not long of her new Treasore Boast, The Skittish Thing soon took another Post, OBavia next would the Gay Bubble claim, But still for Daphne he'd a greater flame; For her he languish's in soft fond desire, Till Florimena set his Heart on fire. A while indeed he revel'd in her Arms, But soon Was captiv'd vj'ith Almeria s Charms: For full six hours she held her Aiery Lover, Till Arrabclla did new Charms discover: Her welcome Guest she did not long enjoy, But Lydia was presented with the Toy; And tho' she'd Magick that might cause it's stay, YetClaristella becond it away: In two hours time the inclination fled, And", "That Gulph wherein she'd like t've been destroy 'd. If Beauty, Wit, or Complaisance could do? Her's Woman that can all these Wonders shew; Beauty that might new Fire to Hermits lend; And Wit which serves that Beauty to defend. When courted she did Wonders with her Charms, Till Parson conjur'd her to Hue band Arms. And tho' the fame Perfections still remain ; Yet nothing now can the Dull Creature gain : No looks can win him, nor no smiles invite; The Wretch does her, and her Endearments ( flight; And leaves those Graces which he should adore, To Dote upon some ugly Suburb-Whore; While poor neglected Spouse remains at home, With Discontent and Sorrow overcome. No Prayers nor Tears, nor all. the Vertuous Arts, Which Women use to tame Rebellious Hearts : Can the Incorrigible Husband move, And make him Own his once so promis'd Love. Consider ! Lord ! 'twill make his head grow giddy, He fays he is not yet for Bedlam ready : But the next time that you thro' Ludgate pass, Through Grates you'l see the loving Spen d- All's ( Face : And 'twil some Pleasure be the Wretch to veiw, Stuffing ■for Gnjyl* S^onn? m a fe&or. Tell" ]

[ "12 géométrie élémentaire accessibles à tous et qui me paraît être celle dont s'inspirèrent uniquement nos pères. Des formes très variées, avons-nous dit, ont été proposées par les Grecs pour l'exécution des réseaux géographiques ; elles se rattachent, avec des nuances différentes, à deux caté gories principales. II importe, pour les désigner, d'adopter une nomenclature précise. — « Une bonne dichotomie (c'est à dire classification des idées) \"disait déjà notre vieux savant Simon Stevin au XVIe siècle, « est le meilleur couronnement de la science. » — Je n'hésite pas à accepter la nomenclature proposée par d'Avezac, malgré sa forme un peu prétentieuse. ire Catégorie. Représentation obtenue directement par les lois de la perspective, auxquelles il faut exclusivement réserver le nom de projections ('), c'est à dire: \"transport » d'un point de l'espace par un rayon visuel, ou la lumière, » sur un tableau, pour y produire une image. » Parmi les projections il faut distinguer les projections orthogonales, obliques, scénographiques , centrales, etc., qui dépendent de la direction des rayons projetants et dont la distinction s'établit suffisamment par l'usage. Pour la cartographie, d'Avezac propose encore de distinguer les projections exostères (vue extérieure de la sphère) et coe loscopiques (vues intérieures) (2). 2e Catégorie. Représentation des parties de la sphère par son développement sur un plan, qu'on désignera spéciale ment sous le nom de développements. (3) Ces développe ments, ainsi que nous l'avons dit, ne s'obtiennent que par des altérations, déchirements, extensions de la surface de la sphère, qui altèrent la distance relative des lieux ■ on a cherché à y porter remède par diverses combinaisons pou vant se classer en trois catégories principales : homéotère (1) d'Avezac! Projections, etc.. p. 4. (2) In. p. 140. (3) lu. p. 4.", "377 la paix, continuèrent à désoler le commerce sur toutes les mers. Ces brigands désignés sous le nom de frères Vitaliens ne se bornèrent plus à attaquer les navires en mer, ils envahirent les côtes, dont ils pillaient les villes et les ports. En 1397 la grande diète tenue à Lubeck résolut d'en purger les mers, et à sa demande le Grand Maître Teutonique s'empara de Pile de Gothland et les chassa dans TOcéan Atlantique. Ils y poursuivirent leurs déprédations avec le concours des Frisons qui leur donnaient abri, alors en guerre avec la Hollande, et du roi d'Angleterre Edouard III, désireux de détruire le monopole de la Hanse sur tous les marchés. De nombreuses diètes de la Hanse furent tenues pour rechercher le moyen de se débarasser de ces terribles adversaires du commerce, et ce ne fut qu'en 1436, à la suite d'un traité passé entre le roi d'Angleterre et le Grand Maître Teutonique, que Tordre et la police commencèrent à se rétablir sur la mer. En reconnaissance des services rendus à la Ligue, le Grand Maître fut reconnu Protecteur de la Hanse Teuto nique (-). A la fin du XVe siècle la situation de la place de Bruges nous est dépeinte encoixs comme très prospère. Les efforts pour la destruction de la piraterie lui eussent donné un surcroît d'activité par le développement du com merce maritime, si déjà la nature n'y eut mis obstacle par Tenvasement du Zwyn. Malheureusement les évènements politiques de la Flandre vinrent détruire toute confiance. La sédition du peuple de 1488 contre Maximilien, son emprisonnement pendant plus de cinq semaines sous la garde du peuple en arme, Texécution des magistrats restés fidèles, la fermeture des boutiques et la suspension de tout trafic à laquelle ne mit un terme que Tarrivée de (1) Roux de Rochelle, p, 122.", "400 pages. struction résultant de l'incertitude de sa dimension. — Latitudes et longitudes pour la détermination des lieux. — Les climats. Premières caries: — Dicéàrque de Messines. — L'Œcumène et le colosse de Rhodes. — Diaphragme et Perpendiculaire. Eratosthène de Rhodes, — Première mesure du globe. — Posi donius d'Apamée. — l'Ecole d'Alexandrie. — Claude Ptolémée de Ptolémaïs, — ses travaux, — l'Almageste et l'Hyphégèse géo graphique. Epilogue. — Destruction de la bibliothèque d'Alexandrie. Reconstitution de l'œuvre de Ptolémée. Chapitre III. - LES ITINÉRAIRES ROMAINS. ... 60 La géographie chez les romains. — Les itinéraires écrits de Pompeïus Mêla, Tacite, Pline. — Itinéraire d'Agrippa sous le règne d'Auguste. — Portique d'Octavie. — Tables de Peutinger. — Allas de Ptolémée reconstitué et les Itinéraires de Théodose. — Agathadeemon d'Alexandrie. — Théodorite. — Anonyme de Rayonne. — Bœtus. — Etienne de Byranie. — Tables de Charlemagne. — La science arabe. — La rose des vents et le cabotage. — Les premiers portulans. — Le voyage de St. -Paul. Chapitre IV. - PROGRÈS DE LA NAVIGATION ... 82 La navigation chez les anciens. — Progrès dus aux Normands. — Galère.-. — Gouvernail. — Voile. — Boussole. — Loch. Chapitre V. - LES PORTULANS 113 Les Croisades. — Les Normands en Italie. — El-Edrisi á la cour du Roi Roger de Sicile. — Alphonse X de Castille. — Les grands voyages de Ruysbroeck, Plan Carpin, Marco Polo. — Marino Sanuto. — Fra Mauro. — Officines géographiques en Italie et en Espagne. — Le Secret d'Etat et le Secret Commer cial. — Chartrier de Bechigieri. Chapitre VI. - RENAISSANCE PTOLÉMÉENNE ... 142 Restitution de l'Almageste et de l'Hiphegèse de Ptolémée. — Manuel Chrysoloras. — Jacq. Angelo. — Succès de cette œuvre en Allemagne. — Elle est popularisée far l'imprimerie de Snbiaco sous le Pape Paul III; — vulgarisée par l'imprimerie de Venise. Albert le Grand. — Thomas de Cambridge à Louvain. — Vincent de Beauvais. — Le Cardinal Pierre d'Ailly. — Le Cardinal Nicolas Crebs (Cusa). — Georges Purbach. — Jean Muller (Régiomontanus). — Georges de Trebizonde. — Paolo Toscanelli. Transformation des méthodes Ptoléméennes. — Méthode cor-" ]

[ "30 Erste« Capitel. Allianz allein hinreiche» würde'). In gleichem Sinne gingen Auf träge an Saurau. Abcr cs gelang Cobenzl nicht, am Czarenhofe das einmal ucrfcherzte Vertrauen wieder zu erwerben. Die großen Ver hältnisse selbst waren dabei im Wege. Bonaparte gab im September 1801 Aegypten definitiv auf und verhandelte mit England übcr den Frieden. Dadurch lief Nußland, welches feit der Thronbesteigung Alexander's sich auf die britische Seite gestellt und noch keinen for mellen Frieden mit Frantreich geschlossen hatte, Gefahr, isolirt zu werden. Dieser zu begegnen, gab man an der Newa den Lockungen Duroc's Gehör. Am l. October wurdcn die Präliminarien zwischen Großbritannien uud Frankteich abgeschlossen und am 8. desselben Monats der formelle Friede zwischen Bonaparte und Alexander. Aber dabei blieb es nicht. Am ll. October kam ein geheimer Vertrag zwischen den Beiden zu Stande, der von der größten Bedeutung war. Er umfaßte die brennendsten Fragen der Zeit. Vor Allem tan, man überein und verpslichtctc sich gegenseitig, das Entschädigungsgeschäft der deutschen Fürsten und die italienischen Angelegenheiten in Gemeinschaft zu ordnen 2), Damit war Oesterreich auch in Petersburg definitiv aus dem Felde geschlagen. Von diesen Vorgängen, die streng geheim gehalten wurdcn, hatte Cobcnzl nicht die geringste Kenntniß. Noch im November schreibt er an Collorcdo: „Ich habe neuerdings dem russischen Gesandten eindring lich vorgestellt, wic nothwendig es sei, daß sein Herr mit Energie intervenire um eine uuuerhättnißmäßige Vergrößerung Preußens und damit den Umsturz Deutschlands zu verhindern. Wir selbst können nichts thun, Rußland aber braucht nur zu sprechen.\" Und Rußland sprach. Aber seine Rede bereitete dcm österreichischen Ministerium eine schmerzliche Enttäuschung. Wie es nach der Verabredung mit Bonaparte vom I I. October nicht anders sein konnte, trugen die Entschädigungs „l'ableaux\" des Czaren, welche Razoumowsty kurz darauf in Wien >) Bericht über diese Unterredung in einem Briefe an Colloredo vom 20. Septcmber 1801. 2) Auszüge bei Biguon II. 89 und Lefebvre I, ,84 Hausier II, 385 gibt die Artikel VII und VIII über die vorzugsweise Entschädigung Baierns und Württembergs. Bei Ranke, „Denkwürdigkeiten Hardenberg's\", II, 24. Anmerkung, wird die Mittheilung des ganzen Vertrages versprochen.", "zum dritten Capitel. 205 feit zu vcrfchaffen. Allein auch dicsc Versuche bliebe,, fruchtlos, weil die mcisttu Einfluß habenden Mächtc eine Matlß»cl,»,»»g, wodurch Oester reich sich aus seiner abhäugigcn und Prise gcbcndcu Lage gezogen hätte, zu kreutzcu uud zu vcreitcl» bciuühc! waren. Was alle dicsc Versuche nicht crzicleu tonutcu, Hot dcr Verlauf uud Ausgaug dcs frtmzüsifchcu Rcvolutious-Kricgs, bei sich crgcbcncn Auflösung dcr voluischcu und vcucziauischcu Republik, bewirket. Durch dic Abgebuug dcr Nicdcrlaudc hört die Eristenz ciucr zwi schen Oesterreich und Frcmlrcich bcsttiudencu uatürlichcu und nothwendigen Onclle von Collision und Feindschaft auf. Mit der ostcrrcichischcn Lom bardcy ist eine zweite Qucllc dazu uertroctuct, uud da uuniuchr auch der, der zweiten Linic Uuscres Erzhauscs übcrlasscnc, uud »och viel unsichcrcrc Besitz von Toscana mit ciucr zwar miudcrc», abcr um so sichcrcrcu Besitzung an Unserer deutsche!. Grunze vcrtauschct worden ist, fo sind dic cheinaligcu Äcißvcrhältnissc, wclchc dic Sicherheit dcr österrcichischc» Mouarchic unaufhörlich bedrohten und fclbc iu cincr »othiucudigcu Ab hängigkeit uo» ihrc» Allürtc» vcrsctztc», auf iimucr gehoben. Allerdings aber haben auf dcr andere» Seite dic Folge» des fra»;ösischc» Rcuo lutions-Kricgcs neue Mißvcrhältuißc nach sich gezogen, die Uuscrc ganzc Sorgfalt vcldicncn. Hicruutcr gchürc» hauptsächlich dic Gcfahrcn dcr französischen Revolutions-Grundsätze u»d die Ucbcrtiicicht und der uutcr uchnicndc Gcist dcr gegenwärtigen frauzösischcn Regierung. Die Unterdrückung der französische,, Rcoolutious-Gruudsätzc i» ihrer Ouelle war dcr Hauptzweck Unseres mit so vieler Staudhtiftigkcit und Aufopferung geführten Krieges. Nun ist nicht zu leugnen, daß dic Ausführung diefes Endzweckes, den alle Unfere Anstrengung, sowie jene der übrigen toalisirteu Mächte nicht erzielen tonnte», von dcm erste» Consul Bonaparte unternommen uud größtcitthcils bcwcrtstclligt worden ist. Oh»c in dic Beurtheiluug seiner Beweggründe eiuzugchcu, könncn Wir nicht in Abredc stellen, daß, nachdem jeder andere Weg, dic Her stellung der Ordnung und einer der monarchischen ähnlichen Rcgicruugs form in Frankreich zu bewirken uumnchr uuthunlich scheint, dic R»hc von Europa von dcr Gclingung und Vollendung seiner Untcrnehmuug wesentlich abhäugcu dürfte. Werden fcrncr dic inneren und äußeren Gefahren, untcr wclchc» Bontiportc diefes Wert unternommen hat, crwogcu, fo scheint man mit einigem Giuiidc die außcrordcntlichc» Ätaßrcgcl», womit er seinen Ein fluß über Italien, die Schwcitz und Holland befestigt hat, dem Bedürfniß", "246 Beiia,,cn Uillsonst. Abcr ebcn, daß wir zu einer solchen Denkart hcrabsinkcu kountcn; daß die, in deren Hunden uuscr künftiges Schickfal ruht, tciuc oudrc Marinlen, tciuc oudrc Ansichtcu mchr lcnue» — cbcn darin licgt dic Ticfc unsers Verfalls, die Tiefe unfrer Gefahren und unfrcr Noth: ebeu deßhalb scheint mir dcr Zeitpunkt gekommen zu scyu, wo »ur noch dic Wahl zwischen absoluter Umkehrung des Systems, oder unvermeid lichem Untergänge übrig blcibt. Dic Gefahr ist so groß und so dringend, daß zu der ltingsanicr» Eutwickluug dcr Ucbcl, wclchc der unerwartete Ausgaug der französische» Rcvoluzio», »»tcr allen Umständen über uns verhängt hoben würdc, höchst wahrscheinlich uicht einmal Zeit genug bleibcu wird. Eiuc plötz liche Krankheit wird uus vou außcu her todte», chc noch das Gift, was längst in dc» Adcr» der Staate» schleicht, ihr Blut gcuugsam vcr dorbcn haben wird, um die Verfassung von innc» her aufzulöfcn. Ich muß mich über dicsc Bcsorguiß „ähcr crkläreu. Weun die französische Rcvoluziou, auch ohnc cinc gänzlichc Zcrstör»»g dcs politischen Glcich gctoichts uo» Europa gcendigt, wen» sie Frankreich in sei»cn ehemalige» Gränzen, wenn sie Deutschland bey seinem Zustande im Jahre 1789, wcuu sie Italien i» seiner danioligc» Vcrfassling, wc»» sic das Haus Oesterreich bey feiner damaligen Macht uud bey seincm damalige» An sehen und Einfluß gclllsscu hätte, so würde sic demnach, bloß dadurch, daß sie siegreich geblieben ist, allcn alten Regicrungsformeu uud dcr ganzen altc» Verfassung von Europa den Uutcrgang bercitct habcn. Mit cincm so furchtbarcu Bcispicl von geluugucr, gcpricsner, zuletzt gar gctröutcr Rebcllion, mit dc» u»verkcn»bare» Anlogen zu ähnlichem Ber° suchcu und Wagcstückcn, dic jeder Europäischc Staat, je gebildeter und wohlhabender, desto cutwickcltcr und dcsto mächtiger, cuthält, mit der täglich mehr um sich greifende» Verachtung alter Grundfätzc uud Lehren und dem blindcu Euthusiasmus für alles Neue, Verwegne uud Unvcr suchtc, mit dcr stuiupscu Glcichgültigtcii und dcm strasbarcu Egoismus der höhern Stände, endlich, mit dcr uucrhortcu Schwäche, die alle alte Regicrungcn uou Europa, nicht cinc ausgenommen, während dieser schrccklicheu Crisc au den Tag legten, und wovo» dic Zustimmuug zu Bontipartc's Kaiscrtitcl »ur das letzte Symptom uud gleichsam die ewigc Vollcudung ist — mit allc» dicscu Elcmcntcn der Zerstörung mußte heutc odcr morgcu das gctuzc alte Gcbäude ohuc Rettung dahin fallen. Ictzt aber, da sich zu fo viel schleichende.!!, vcrzchrcndcn, untergrabenden Uebcln auch »och so uicl »»mittelbarc, positive, schnell-tödtlichc Gefahren" ]

[ "29 concert le fils de France... Trois mois après, le 6 août i83o, j ai revu cette même rade de Toulon , elle était triste et silencieuse ; le Duquesne, le Marengo , le Scipion, l'Al gésiras et le Nestor , chargés des trésors d'Alger, attendaient Tordre d'arborer un pavillon ; on n'en voyait aucun sur leur poupe ; le soir, au coucher du soleil , quel ques salves de mousqueterie saluèrent le pavillon d Aboukir et de Trafalgar!... M. le dauphin était parti de Toulon le 5 mai , après avoir passé eu revue la pre mière division de Tarmée; alors on put s occu per sans relâche des préparatifs de Texpédi tion : les travaux étaient immenses; les armé niens des vaisseaux, faits à la hâte, n'étaient pas complets, les vivres arrivaient lentement, et l'artillerie et le génie avaient à réparer tout leur matériel , venu à marches forcées", "63 que nous avons appris depuis, c est que les mesures avaient été si mal prises pour les convois, qu'on ne savait plus où les retrou ver ; qu'une partie était tombée sous le vent, que les bateaux-bœufs, que nous ne voyions plus et qu'on croyait dispersés , étaient al lés au rendez-vous général , et se trouvaient devant Torre - Chica , où nous aurions dû être comme eux, et qu enfin le convoi qu'on s'était obstiné à ne faire partir qu'après nous de Toulon , avait été jeté loin de sa route le 28, par un coup de vent de nord- ouest. Ce qu'il y a de très-sûr, c est que le 3i au matin nous ne savions plus où étaient nos transports , et que les bâtimens de guerre seuls étaient en bon ordre. Le soir, à sept heures, lEuryale, qui commandait les ba teaux-bœufs, rallia l'escadre, et, ànotre grand désappointement , nous fîmes route vers le golfe de Palma. C'est ici que commence cette longue et sotte promenade qui dura onze jours, et qui", "146 n'entendions autour de nous que le bruit régulier et monotone de la lame, qui venait se briser sur les rochers de la falaise, et dans le lointain le cri aigu et plaintif des chakals, attirés par Todeur des cadavres que la terre recouvrait à peine (i). Vers minuit, des coups de fusils répétés sur toute Ia ligne, et un houra, nous réveillèrent en sursaut. Au même instant, tout le monde fut sur pied; on criait aux armes! de toutes parts; Talerte fut générale, le feu se soutenait, et personne ne douta que nos avant-pos tes n'eussent été attaqués. M. de Bourmont sortit de sa baraque, à moitié habillé. II avait toujours le même calme et le même sang froid. Allons, messieurs, à cheval, à cheval! disait-il à ses aides -de -camp. Le premier ( i ) Le dib ou cliahal est un animal moins gros qu'un chien et aussi féroce qu'un loup : très-commun sur la côte d'Afrique , les corps morts sont sa nourriture favorite. Ils venaient, pen dant la nuit, rôder en très-grand nombre autour du camp. Nos soldats en ont tué beaucoup; et avec leur peau, qui est fauve et assez douce , ils se faisaient de très-jolies blagues pour leur tabac. C'est 1c Lupus aurcus des anciens." ]

[ "Sechster Brief. 39 uns kaum schon gedacht hat. Da sind die drei verschie denen Häuser Minton , dann Maw & Co. , dann wieder Doulton, Campbell, Stanley und andere, die uns die reichste Musterkarte für die Fliesenindustrie vorführen. Die Boden fliesen sind zum Theil matt, wie die Mettlacher, zum Theil auch glasirt. Durchschnittlich ist ihr Farbenton dunkler, gesättigter als der bei uns übliche. Vortrefflich sind auch die geprefsten Mosaikwürfelchen aus Thon, so fest wie Stein und so exakt wie die Geometrie. Die Muster für die Bodenbelege sind vorzüglich, den Teppichkarakter nirgend verlassend. Für die Wandfliesen ist durchweg Gla sirung angewandt. Bei ihnen ist der Spielraum für das Muster weit grösser als bei den Bodenplatten, indem sowohl das aufsteigende geometrische, als das wachsende, rankende Pflanzenornament nebst dem figürlichen einen weit grösseren Reichthum an Motiven liefert, als der Bodenbeleg erlaubt. Auch die Farbenskala ist entsprechend reicher, heller, mun terer gewählt. Dies alles hat zu einer überaus reichen Fülle von Mustern geführt, die uns hier in das Gartenzimmer, das Treibhaus, dort in den Hausflur, die Küche, das Badezimmer, dann wieder in die Wohnstube führen , indem nämlich die Inkrustirung von Kaminen wiederholt vorgeführt ist. Ueber all zeigt sich eine Fertigkeit, welche spielend die zahlreichen Schwierigkeiten überwindet, die sich der Fliesentechnik in den verschiedenen Stilarten entgegenstellen. Aus demselben Grunde übrigens überspringt der Fliesenschmuck auch ge legentlich die ihm gesteckten Grenzen. Mehrere Engländer, darunter auch der sonst strenge und stilvolle Doulton, haben völlige grosse Gemälde, aus Quadratplatten zusammen gesetzt, gebracht. Man hat sich zu denken, dass die Mal fläche aus leicht vorgebrannten Platten zusammengelegt, dann gemalt und wieder auseinandergenommen wird, um die", "Sechster Brief. 43 seine grossen Gaben in der Doulton'schen Anstalt bis zu einer wunderbaren Höhe entwickelt. Es ist nicht Floskel, wenn ich sage, dass ich darauf verzichten muss, durch blosse Beschreibung die Trefflichkeit der Leistungen erfassbar zu machen. Das Talent Tinworth's hat ihn von dem unbeleb ten und Pflanzenornament mit kühnen Schritten in die figürliche Plastik hinein schreiten lassen. Und gerade die Art seiner Plastik ist das wichtigste und bedeutendste Kenn zeichen seines wahrhaften Verständnisses der Aufgabe. Es ist die ganz rein aus der Thontechnik hervorgehende Plastik. Da ist nicht das Verkleinern der griechischen Antike, oder das Reproduziren der Thorwaldsen oder Pradier, was wir an vielen Terrakotten der Ausstellung zwar hochachten, aber nicht ohne Vorbehalt bewundern, sondern da ist die scheinbar unmittelbare Erfindung, welche das arbeitende Modellirholz führt, wenn es das bildsame, nachgiebige und doch widerstehende Material nach Willkür gestaltet. Man glaubt den Arbeiten jene Schassungsfreude anzusehen, welche auch unsere Marmorbildhauer erfasst, wenn sie aus dem ge schmeidigen Material das Thonmodell bilden. Hier bei Tinworth ist der frische, eben geborene Gedanke festgehal ten und ausgebildet; es ist nicht die unserem Bildhauer nothwendig vorschwebende Uebersetzung der Bronze in Thon, des Marmors in Thon — an dessen Stelle Drake's Meisterhand den Gips gesetzt — , sondern die Schaffung dessen, was unmittelbar in seiner Eigenthümlichkeit erhalten bleiben und (durch das Brennen) dauernd gemacht werden soll. Ganz dasselbe ist es, was wir an mittelalterlichen Werken deutscher Töpfereikünstler bewundern und bisher als kaum je wieder erreichbar angesehen haben. Hier aber, vor Tinworth's Sachen, glaubt man, dass die Zeit der Hirschvogel und Hans Kraut wieder lebendig geworden fei.", "Achter Brief. 72 uns wohl das Bestreben fortzuschreiten zu und spricht die Hoffnung aus, dass wir alte Fehler demnächst ablegen wür den; er behauptet aber nicht, dass wir auf der obersten Stufe ständen, d. h. dass wir die Konkurrenz siegreich be stehen könnten. Darum gemach, Ihr Herren, die Ihr es als ein Staatsverbrechen denunzirt, wenn man den deutschen Buchhandel nicht bedingungslos feiert! unsere Buchhändler selbst wissen besser als Ihr, wo es uns fehlt, und welche Ziele sie zu erstreben haben, und haben sich auch dem gemäss bemüht! Während aber wir vorwärts strebten, haben andere, die schon einen Vorsprung besassen, eben auch gestrebt und wir sind ihnen deshalb noch nicht nach gekommen. Dies ist um so begreiflicher, als auch im Buch gewerbe das in meinem dritten Briefe geschilderte blinde Pferd der Preiskonkurrenz mit einer Kraft rückwärts zieht, welcher kaum der Stärkste gewachsen ist. Im Papier und im Druck sind uns die englischen und amerikanischen Bücher da, wo es sich um die besten Lei stungen handelt, entschieden und weit voran, zum grossen Theil auch die französischen. Alle drei sind uns durch schnittlich in der Buchbindung überlegen. Die hübsche saubere Kunst des Buchbindens ist bei uns in einer kaum genügend erkannten Weise vernachlässigt worden und des halb sehr zurückgegangen. In Amerika dagegen, dem Lande der Squatter und Pioniere, steht sie hoch; sie steht hier in der Kunstfertigkeit kaum irgendwie verschieden da von der französischen Buchbinderkunst, welche durch den Buchbinde künstler Lortic aus Paris noch glänzender als in Wien ver treten ist. In der Ausdehnung aber der Buchbinderkunst auf bändereiche Werke, in der Konsequenz ihrer Durch führung steht sie vielleicht über der französischen, mindestens ihr nicht nach. Die englischen Bände erreichen, wenigstens" ]

[ "[1499. 30 SPANISH VOYAGES OF DISCOVERY. it. In the bottom of the canoe lay an Indian prisoner, bound hand and foot. On being liberated he informed the Spaniards by signs that these Caribs had been on a marauding expedition along the neighbouring coasts, shut ting themselves up at night in a stockade which they car ried with them, and issuing forth by day to plunder the villages and to make captives. He had been one of seven prisoners ; his companions had been devoured before his eyes at the cannibal banquets of these savages, and he had been awaiting the same miserable fate. Honest Nino and his confederates were so indignant at this recital, that, receiving it as established fact, they performed what they considered an act of equitable justice, by abandoning the Carib to the discretion of his late captive. The latter fell upon the defenceless warrior with fist and foot and cudgel ; nor did his rage subside even after the breath had been mauled out of his victim, but, tearing the grim head from the body, he placed it on a pole, as a trophy of his vengeance. Nifio and his fellow-adventurers now steered for the island of Margarita, where they obtained a considerable quantity of pearls by barter. They afterwards skirted the opposite coast of Cumana, trading cautiously and shrewdly, from port to port; sometimes remaining on board of their little bark, and obliging the savages to come off to them, when the latter appeared too numerous, at other times venturing on shore, and even into the inte rior. They were invariably treated with amity by the natives, who were perfectly naked, excepting that they were adorned with necklaces and bracelets of pearls. These they sometimes gave freely to the Spaniards, at other times they exchanged them for glass beads and", "[1513. 208 SPANISH VOYAGES OF DISCOVERY. bourhood of the residence of Tubanama by the following evening, though at the distance of two regular days' journey. There waiting until midnight he assailed the village suddenly, and with success, so as to surprise and capture the cacique and his whole family, in which were eighty females. When Tubanama found himself a prisoner in the hands of the Spaniards, he lost all presence of mind, and wept bitterly. The Indian allies of Vasco Nunez beholding their once dreaded enemy thus fallen and cap tive, now urged that he should be put to death, accusing him of various crimes and cruelties. Vasco Nunez pre tended to listen to their prayers, and gave orders that his captive should be tied hand and foot, and given to the dogs. The cacique approached him trembling, and laid his hand upon the pommel of his sword. \"Who can pretend,\" said he, \"to strive with one who bears this weapon, which can cleave a man asunder with a blow? Ever since thy fame has reached among these mountains have I reverenced thy valour. Spare my life, and thou shalt have all the gold I can procure.\" Vasco Nufiez, whose anger was assumed, was readily pacified. As soon as the day dawned, the cacique gave him armlets and other jewels of gold to the value of three thousand crowns, and sent messengers throughout his do minions ordering his subjects to aid in paying his ransom. The poor Indians, with their accustomed loyalty hasten ed in crowds, bringing their golden ornaments, until in the course of three days they had produced an amount equal to six thousand crowns. This done, Vasco Nufiez set the cacique at liberty, bestowing on him several European trinkets, with which he considered himself richer than he had been with all his gold. Nothing", "1515.] 253 VASCO NUNEZ DE BALBOA. Having thus fulfilled his office of peace-maker, and settled, as he supposed, all feuds and jealousies on the sure and permanent foundation of family alliance, the worthy bishop departed shortly afterwards for Spain." ]

[ "132 donde es conocido, se tiene noticia de la propiedad que po seía, de socorrer á los individuos enfermos de su misma es- pecie. Pero si el pelícano era digno de admiración por ser com pasivo con sus semejantes, no era menos maravilloso el yoalcuachilli, por las armas que le habia suministrado el Criador para su defensa. Este pajarillo acuático tenia cue llo largo y sutil, la cabeza pequeña, el pico largo y amari llo; con pies, piernas y .uñas largas, y cola corta: el color de las piernas y pies ceniciento, y el de la parte inferior del cuerpo, negro, con algunas plumas amarillas junto al vientre. Sus armas eran una coronilla de sustancia cór nea, que tenia en la cabeza, dividida en tres puntas agu dísimas, y otras dos que le guarnecían la parte anterior de las alas. En las otras clases de aves, las habia apreciables por su carne, por su plumage, por su voz ó canto, y otras por su instinto, y por algunas propiedades notables, que excita ban la curiosidad. De las aves cuya carne era alimento sano y sabroso, se calculaban mas de sesenta especies, contándose entre ellas una gallina propia del país, que por ser semejante en par te á la de Europa, y en parte al pavón, fué llamada pavo ó gallipavo, y los Mexicanos la nombraban huexolotl ó to tolin. Estas aves trasportadas á Europa, en cambio de las gallinas, se han multiplicado con exceso, particularmente en Italia, donde en atención á sus caracteres y tamaño, se les ha dado el nombre de gallinacio. Habia también gran abundancia de pavos salvajes, seme jantes en todo á los domésticos; pero mayores, y en algu nos países, de carne mas gustosa. Abundaban las perdices, las codornices, los faisanes, las grullas, las tórtolas, las pa-", "250 en que con ellos vivían. Con el socorro de los Texcocanos, y con el pérfido artificio de los Tepanecas, tos Huexotzin gos fueron completamente derrotados, y obligados á volver con ignominia á sus tierras. Los Tlaxcaltecas, libres de tan gran peligro, hicieron la paz con sus vecinos, y regresaron á sus establecimientos para continuar la comenzada pobla ción. Tal fué el origen de la famosa ciudad y república de Tlaxcala, eterna rival de México y causa de su ruina. Ha biéndose sublevado los hijos del cuarto rey de Texcoco Quinatzin, como dijimos antes, en contra de su padre, éste batió y dispersó á los rebeldes, y muchos se refugiaron en Tlaxcala, aumentando su población y engendrando desde entonces un odio profundo contra los Mexicanos, porque en esta vez fueron aliados de aquel rey. Al principio era re gida toda la nación por un gefe; pero multiplicados los habitantes, quedó la ciudad dividida en cuatro cuarteles, que se llamaron Tepeticpac, Ocotelolco, Quiahuiztlan y Ti zatlan. Cada cuartel obedecía á un gefe, á quien pres taban también obediencia todos los lugares que de aquel dependían: así que, todo el estado se dividía en cuatro pro vincias; pero aquellos cuatro caudillos, juntamente con los otros nobles de la primera clase, formaban una especie de aristocracia con respecto al común del estado. Esta dieta ó senado decidía la paz ó la guerra, y el número de tro pas que debían armarse, nombrando gefe que las man dara. En la república, aunque pequeña, habia muchas ciudades y villas populosas, en las cuales, por los años de 1520, se contaban mas de ciento cincuenta mil casas, y mas de quinientos mil habitantes. El distrito de la nación, por la parte de Occidente, estaba fortificado con fosos y trin cheras; por la de Oriente, con una muralla de seis millas", "274 Los Chichimecas testigos de este prodigio, lo interpreta ron como un agüero favorable. Habiendo quedado aban donado el señorío de Tzintzuntzan, aprovecharon la opor tunidad, é invadieron la frontera: uno de los gefes, llamado Tarapecha Chanliori, conduciendo á su dios Odecavecara, se dirigió á tomar posesión de Curíncuaro, y otro llamado Ipinchuani, con su dios Tiripinié, se estableció en Peche taro. El pasage referido de la metamorfosis de los prínci pes y sacerdotes, es una fábula ó alegoría, cuyo significado no hemos podido encontrar, y lo consignamos únicamente como una tradición. Todo el país se trastornó, preparándose cada cacique á la guerra: los Tarascos, al observar los sospechosos movi mientos de los Chichimecas, se llenaron de terror. Vapea ití y Pavacumc, que después de la muerte de su padre ha bían permanecido tranquilos en Paceo, tomaron las armas para apoderarse de las hermosas regiones cercanas, y car gando en sus espaldas el arca venerada de Curicaveri, se ñalaban la cima del cerro de Capacureo que dominaba el lago, diciendo que ese dios les habia ordenado que allí edificasen su altar. Los guerreros acogieron con entusias mo estas palabras y marcharon adelante, sometiéndose to das las poblaciones de grado ó por fuerza, al dominio de los hijos de Sicuiracha, no tardando éstos en subyugar á los habitantes de Patamahua-N acaradlo. En este parage fué donde los dioses hermanos de Curicaveri, que serian los otros de la tribu, se separaron, y tomando cada uno de tos gefes chichimecas el suyo, se dirigió á establecer su residencia en el sitio que le proporcionase la victoria. Cuyupuré, gefe de los sacerdotes, que habia quedado en el servicio de la diosa Xaratanga, en lugar de los que fue ron convertidos en serpientes, se llenó de temor al observar" ]

[ "The Edlingham Burglary. 23 \" Let's look,\" replied Peter ; and on examination, it was found to be even so. Poor bunny had been in trouble before falling into the jaws of \" Mat/' and had been obliged to save his life by leaving one of his legs in a trap. Proceeding along a stone dyke, they went into a field, and in the corner of this field there was an empty barrel, into which they diligently looked, but finding nothing, they consoled themselves for their disappointment by sitting down for a smoke, of which pleasure they could unfortu nately give their faithful auxiliary \" Mat \" no share. In a quarter of an hour or so, they rose and pro ceeded up a dyke for a short distance, and got rabbit No. 4. They came back again to the road for merly mentioned, which they crossed, and took to the left on to the moor again, and came to a clump of trees which stand on the middle of Charlton Moor. Here again \"Mat\" ran a bunny to earth, but they failed to \"howk\" him out. Then they made up their minds to go home. \" At any rate,\" remarked Michael, \" we may as well go and see mother first. She lives close by here at Ditchburn, and we can give her a call, and see how she is.\" \" I dinna think we should, the noo,\" replied Peter, \" it's ower late, and she will no be best pleased wi' us, knocking her up at this time o' night. Let's gae hame.\" And although they were only a few hundred yards from the old lady's door they determined not to disturb her. Well had it been for them if they had risked the worthy dame's displeasure, and shown themselves to her and her neighbours. But little could they read the future, however near, and small thought had they of the terrible peril impend ing from the \" fearsome joy \" of that night's sport. Turning homewards, they proceeded across the moor, crossed the March Dyke, which separates INorth Charlton from South Charlton Moor, came down that dyke for a little distance, and struck the dyke", "The Edlingham Burglary. 114 send round a description of stolen property to the jewellers of the neighbourhood, in order to put them on their guard, when any of it is offered for sale, but in this case, they had not done so, for reasons which may be surmised. Mr. Whinham therefore bought the seal, and had it repaired, and a new stone, an agate, put in. He exposed it for sale in his window for some time after he bought it, but sailing to find a purchaser, he wore it on his own watch-guard, having a fancy for quaint, old-fashioned things. In this way he wore out two of the rings which were attached to the head of the eagle. But there the seal was in its unmistakable identity*, with Mr. Whinham' s account of how he became possessed of it, to speak for itself, and the finding of it created no little astonishment. Meanwhile, Brannagan and Alurphy were on their way to Alnwick. Murphy arrived in New castle by the last train from the South, too late to go on to Alnwick that night. Brannagan joined him by the first train in the morning. Of course they were interviewed by* the ubiquitous reporters, all anxious to get a full account of their conviction, prison-life, and release. To one of them Brannagan said, \" I feel very thankful to be released, and I do hope the judge will deal leniently with the men who have confessed. From the time I was con victed until now, I have never seen either my wife, sisters, or any of my children. Two of my children have died since I have been away, and this morning I actually did not know my children. I left the youngest a girl of two years of age, and she is now twelve. I would never have known that it was my daughter. I am free now, and I know well enough that if either Mr. or Miss Buckle had died, I would not have been here now. I would have been hanged, and so would Alurphy* too, for the judge said he could see no difference between us. But I can say this, that if I had known what I had to go through, I would rather have been hanged at the first.\"", "The Edlingham Burglary. 302 a crime in which they play7ed no part, but not an atom of real and trustworthy evidence has been offered in corroboration. Until this is done no sane being can be induced to accept implicitly the idea of a Quixotism so egregiously strange.\" The Saturday Review quotes the picturesque if ungrammatical language of Mr. Bret Harte, and asks, \" Are things what they seem, or is visions abroad?\" \"Edlingham Vicarage is, we presume, a substantial structure, and, as Mr. Justice Manisty was born there, it cannot be a creation of yesterday7. There is a vicarage, and there was a burglary. These statements ought to be made firmly7, and repeated to himself by7 any7 one who em- barks on a study of the proceedings which came to an end with the satisfactory acquittal of three police- men on an odious charge. But, even supposing the amazing fiction that they7 could not be punished to have been concocted, and swallowed by Egdell and Richardson, there was abundant time in which to explode it. They must have been brought before the magistrates, where sufficient evidence must have been given against them to warrant their committal. At the trial they pleaded ' Guilty,' though we can scarcely7 suppose the consequences of such a plea had not been made clear to them. Thirdly7, after receiv- ing sentence of five years' penal servitude, they appeared as witnesses at the trial of the constables, and once more asserted that they were the genuine burglars. Counsel for the defence were quite right to contend, in the interest of their clients, that Brannagan and Murphy were properly7 convicted, though it was not strictly necessary for them to prove so much. As our humble contribution to the question, of which no more is likely to be heard, we may suggest that the burglary7 was not committed by Brannagan or Alurphy, or Richardson or Egdell, but by four other persons of the same name.\" At any rate, the present writer has endeavoured, to the best of his knowledge and belief, to lay the facts of the case before the public, and the amount" ]

[ "Jski us pht$lrafimt& Artist. Engraver. Page Etched Portrait of Author, . Walter Tomlinson, . . . Frontispiece. Bessy Going to School, C. Potter, . . W. Morton, . . 7 Bessy Reading, ..... W. Tomlinson, . H. Watkinson &> Co., 10 Bessy Returning from School, . George Hayes, . R. Langton, . . 14 Bessy Playing with Kitten, . . Robert Pollitt, . H. Watkinson & Co., 15 Bessy Looking out of Window, . J. H. E. Partington, Do. do. 23 Bessy Gathering Flowers, . . George Sheffield, . Do. do. 24 Stranger at the Grave, . . W. Tomlinson, . Do. do. 31 Title Page and Initial Letters, . H. Watkinson, . Do. do.", "PART 15 neck, i] EA WR BESS Y. XVI. Neaw th' kittlin's off a-meetin' her; They are some fond, thoose two, — Last Sunday morn, puss follow'd Bess Reet into th' Sunday schoo'. Just luthe heaw they're marlockin' Reawnd yonder owd oak tree ; A pictur fit for th' Queen hersel', Yet noan too good for me. XVII. An' neaw hoo taks her kittlin up, To kiss an' stroke it too, An' praise each patch o' tortoiseshell, Hoo keeps as breet as new. Kit mony a time keawers reawnd her An' mixes wi' her curls, Till aw'm fair puzzled which is which, Young pussy's yure or th' girls.", "PART I.] EAWR BESSY. 17 c XX. An' when it's bedtime, in her prayers, Hoo'll say, \"God bless my dad, An' dunno' let him drink agen, It mae's him swear so bad ; An' God bless mammy, an' bless me, An' bless my teycher too : \" An' then hoo'll goo to bed an' sleep, As nobbut good folk do. XXI. Aw've lots o' trouble day by day, A bit aboon my share, Bu' little Bessy seems to say, \" Yo'n joy as weel as care.\" An' so aw han, aw know it weel, An' if aw met bu' choose, Aw'd ston' another load o' care, If Bess aw shouldno' lose." ]

[ "Fr. Gaspar de Carvajal XXV temporal, favoreciéndolo el Señor, dejaba augmen tados: en su tiempo, en parte del, fué prior desta casa el muy religioso maestro Fr. Tomás de Argo medo, varón docto y de mucho ejemplo, el cual el año de 6o me dio el hábito, á quienes, si no era cual, ó cual, nos quitaba los nombres y nos daba otros, diciendo que á la nueva vida nuevos nombres reque rían: yo me llamaba Baltasar; mandó me llamase Reginaldo, y con él me quedé hasta hoy. Este reli giosísimo varón fué el primero que en nuestro con vento comenzó á poner orden en el coro; hasta entonces no la había, por no haber religiosos que lo sustentasen; en pocos meses tomamos más de treinta el hábito, con los cuales y los demás sacer dotes del convento se comenzó de día y de noche, como en el más religioso de España, á guardar la observancia de la religión; y lo mismo se comenzó en los demás desta ciudad, porque hasta este año de 6o muy corto era el número de religiosos que había en los conventos: para que se vea cuán en breve la mano del Señor ha venido favorabilíssima sobre todos ellos. — Dióme la profesión el padre provincial Fr. Gaspar de Carvajal, cumplido mi año de noviciado, que ojalá y en la simplicidad que en tonces tenía hobiera perseverado. » 24 24 En el capítulo 38 de esta misma obra, que trata del monasterio IV", "Introducción CCIV á lo que contestaba Orellana»que la gente la tenía repartida en Sevilla y en Sanlúcar y su comarca; que en las islas de Canarias y Cabo Verde pensaba men), á quien sigue Herrera al pie de la letra en toda su relación (Déca da VII, pág. 146), «que partió con cuatro navios redondos, en que sacó 400 hombres de guerra»; y, por fin, Juan de Peñalosa (pág. 260 de este volumen), que Orellana «salió de los reinos de España para la dicha con quista y descubrimiento con 450 hombres y cuatro capitanes»; afirmación á que asienten D.a Ana de Ayala, mujer de Orellana, y Antonio Pérez de Vibero. Nosotros creemos que estos cálculos son muy exagerados. De la visita ejecutada por el P. Torres no consta este importante detalle; pero de la que poco antes hicieron los Oficiales Reales resulta claramente, como ex presamos en el texto, que en Abril de 1545, es decir, cuando todo estaba ya listo para la partida, Orellana aún no tenía á bordo los trescientos hom bres que era obligado á llevar según su capitulación. «Y que el número de los trescientos hombres, dicen aquéllos, él los tenía allí en Sanlúcar y en Sevilla y en los lugares de aquella comarca»; refiriéndose, al parecer, á las islas Canarias y de Cabo Verde, ó si se quiere á Sanlúcar: prueba evi dente de que aún no se hallaban en las naves. Á esto se agregan, por lo que sabemos, las dificultades sin cuento con que tuvo que luchar Orellana para reunir su gente; de modo que, aun suponiendo que fuese cierto lo que aseguraba á los Oficiales Reales, lo más probable nos parece que escasa mente pudo llevar cincuenta más de los trescientos á que se había compro metido. Este cálculo nuestro puede también comprobarse estudiando la esta dística de los fallecidos durante el viaje, según la relación citada de Guz mán. Cuenta éste que de los 400 hombres que salieron de España, Orellana perdió 98 en Cabo Verde, 77 en la costa del Brasil, 57 en el Amazonas, y luego 17, ó sea un total de 249. Á este número hay que agregar 50 hombres que quedaron en Cabo Verde y 28 en aquellos sitios cuando se apartó para subir por el río arriba; de modo que le habrían quedado para tripular el bergantín en que andaba 73 hombres, al parecer muchos, pues los que en realidad le acompañaban y llegaron luego á la Margarita, aun que no consta su número con precisión, no podían pasar quizás de 30, tanto por la capacidad del barco, como por los que llegaron á la Isla Mar garita, que fueron muy pocos, según una carta de la Audiencia de Santo Domingo, que citaremos luego.", "Río de las Amazonas 221 capellanes, que sus sacros pies besa-Fray Pablo de Torres. Sacra, Cesárea, Católica Majestad. — Acabóse de cargar el galeón á diez y seis de Setiembre, y estáse aún en el río, y la carabela se carga ahora, y hay tanto vagar y di lación en expedir esta armada, nó por falta de solicitud y trabajos que ponemos, sino porque aún no se han podido haber dineros para acabar de pagar la carabela ni la nao, y dejan de fletarse grande número de hombres por no ver ya libertadas la nave y carabela, y esto con temor de dar sus dineros y que después no se haga ahora la empresa: por los treinta mili de juro ó censo de Cosme de Chaves no se hallaron dineros en Sevilla, y fué á Trujillo á ver si allí se podrían hallar: acá los mercaderes genoveses y otros presentaron partido para ayuda á expedir el armada, y con artículos y condiciones y cautelas y con consejos de letrados para su seguridad ponen, nunca acaban, aunque los solicitamos y los resolvemos en lo que de justicia y conciencia se debe y puede hacer; están ellos para firmar los capítulos que pusieron, aunque el Adelantado y los nues tros no firmarán sin consultar los Oficiales de la Casa de la Contratación: soy cierto que si las naves ya fuesen paga das, que mucha gente vendría que aquí tiene de algunas partes las espías para ver lo que hacemos, como es del Maestrazgo, y del Almendralejo, y de Málaga, y Granada, y de Jerez y Condado: personas van ó quieren ir en esta armada, que no conviene que vayan, porque cuanto más bien acostumbrados y virtuosos fueren los que allá hubie ren de pasar, mejor se hará lo que pertenece al servicio de Dios y pro de Vuestra Sacra Majestad, á la cual suplico que mande á los Oficiales de la Casa de la Contratación que no dejen pasar en este viaje las semejantes personas que no fueren pacíficas y moderadas como es razón, por que otras veces, no teniéndose desto cuenta, se han amo tinado y revuelto en algunas armadas los que en ellas iban," ]

[ "POOR MATTIE ! 115 with the pity I had always felt for that unfortunate woman. She sat and stared before her with her usual ex pression of stolid discontent, augmented to-night, it appeared to me, into a look of almost despair, while I put on Ivy's little night-gown, helped her with her sleepy, inarticulate prayer, and laid her in her bed. Then having stooped to kiss the already unconscious little face, she laid her own on the pillow beside it, and suddenly burst into stormy tears. I knew what trouble and sorrow had been hers ; but she had seemed to me to take her griefs apathetically for the most part, and I had never seen her cry before. I sat down on the side of the bed, surprised and sorry, and waited in silence. She said not a word at first, burying her face in the pillow and wildly sobbing. After a time I laid my hand on her heaving shoulder, and bent down my face to hers. \" I am so sorry for you,\" I said as gently as I could speak the words. \" I wish — I wish that I could help you.\" She flung off my hand and started up upon the bed, the tears all unheeded on her flushed face. \" No one can help me/' she cried amid her sobs. \" No one who will. Don't talk to me of help ! \" So I was silent, but laid my hand on hers in token of my sympathy. Thus we sat together and heard the rain beat \" a fusillade upon the roof, a tattoo on the I 2", "287 AFTER LONG YEARS. \" Oh, stop — stop her,\" I cried. \" I cannot — cannot bear it ! \" Mrs. Bishopp stopped her swaying chair, and looked at me in some consternation as I sprang up from my chair and hurried from the room. \" Her words were such a mockery,\" I said with tears afterwards to her sister, as she held my head on her knees, and softly stroked my hair as in those old days when she had been my only comfort. \" My heart is heavy and breaking to-night, but is buried in no grave. You know, dear Mrs. Caston — you, who were and are my dearest friend — you know, you know how it is and always was, and always — always will be with me ! You know, do you not ? \"", "302 COWARD AND COQUETTE. \" You were right, Drummond. You never had that to fear.\" \"What had come and gone between you and me might bind us — as we are bound — might separate us wide as the earth asunder — in either case we should have been sacred to each other.\" \" Shall I stay in England with you, Winifred ? I have been successful in all these miserable years. I can choose my home, or you can choose it for me. Should you be afraid to go out there to my own home with me?\" \" Afraid ? With you ? It was the secret of the early attraction you had for me that with you I could not be afraid ! Let us go, Drummond ! You have seen what a coward I am — I want you to see how brave I can be with you. No hardships — \" \" There will be no hardships, darling ; they're all a over. \" Ah, but if there were — if they came ! Let me say it. No hardship would be hardship to me wdth you ; no danger would have any terror. Drummond, I have been so lonely — so weak and forlorn ! I have so longed for you ! If I may be with you — if God will let us he together — there is nothing that I will not do and dare for you.\" In Drummond's blue eyes a tear had gathered; he" ]

[ "5 EARLY HISTORY OF LADY LOVEL. a prey, as the fox is a prey to the huntsman and the salmon to the angler. But he had acquired great skill in his sport, and could pursue his game with all the craft which experience will give. He could look at a woman as though he saw all heaven in her eyes, and could listen to her as though the music of the spheres was to be heard in her voice. Then he could whisper words which, to many women, were as the music of the spheres, and he could persevere, abandoning all other pleasures, devoting himself to the one wickedness with a per severance which almost made success certain. Eut with Josephine Murray he could be successful on no other terms than those which enabled her * to walk out of the church with him as Countess Lovel. She had not lived with him six months before he told her that the marriage was no marriage, and that she was — his mistress. There was an audacity about the man which threw aside all fear of the law, and which was impervious to threats and interference. He assured her that he loved her, and that she was welcome to live with him ; but that she was not his wife, and that the child which she bore could not be the heir to his title, and could claim no heirship to his property. He did love her, — having found her to be a woman of whose company he had not tired", "CHAPTER III. LADY ANNA. The idea of this further compromise, of this some thing more than compromise, of this half acknow ledgment of their own weakness, came from Mr. Flick, of the firm of Norton and Flick, the solicitors who were employed in substantiating the Earl's position. When Mr. Flick mentioned it to Sir William Patterson, the great barrister, who was at that time Solicitor-General and leading counsel on behalf of Lord Lovel, Sir William Patterson stood aghast and was dismayed. Sir William intended to make mince-meat of the Countess. It was said of him that he intended to cross-examine the Countess off her legs, right out of her claim, and almost into her grave. He certainly did believe her to be an impostor, who had not thought herself to be entitled to her name when she first assumed it. \" I should be sorry, Mr. Flick, to be driven to think that anything of that kind could be expedient.\"", "206 LADY ANNA. continued, \" if it really be that you cannot love me \" \" Oh, Lord Lovel, pray ask of me no further ques tion.\" \" I am bound to ask and to know, — for all our sakes.\" Then she rose quickly to her feet, and with altered gait and changed countenance stood over him. \" I am engaged,\" she said, \" to be married — to Mr. Daniel Thwaite.\" She had told it all, and felt that she had told her own disgrace. He rose also, but stood mute before her. This was the very thing of which they had all warned him, but as to which he had been so sure that it was not so ! She saw it all in his eyes, reading much more there than he could read in hers. She was degraded in his esti mation, and felt that evil worse almost than the loss of his love. For the last three weeks she had been a real Lovel among the Lovels. That was all over now. Let this lawsuit go as it might, let them give to her all the money, and make the title which she hated ever so sure, she never again could be the equal friend of her gentle relative, Earl Lovel. Minnie would never again spring into her arms, swearing that she would do as she pleased with her own cousin. She might be Lady Anna, but never Anna again to the two ladies at the rectory. The" ]

[ "22 PERAMBULATION same side, one of the principal Inns, tlie Warwick Arms, presents a spacious front, built of white stone, in a pleas ing style of simple elegance. Opposite is the Printing- Office, whence issues, every Saturday, a Newspaper, which has an extensive circulation. Still lower down, stands one of the Dissenting Chapels, a small but neat edifice, belong ing to those who are commonly, but improperly, called Presbyterians. Near it, concealed from sight, is the Qua kers' Meeting House. Almost opposite, in Cow-lane, but retired from view, is the Independent Chapel, a large and commodious building. In the same lane, stand Pickering's Alms Houses, of which, as well as of all the charitable and other institutions, distinct notice will be taken here after. The High-street is terminated, in a striking manner, by St. James's Chapel, belonging to Leicester's Hospital, for the relief of maimed soldiers, and decayed tradesmen, built on an arch, which presents the appearance of a gate way entrance into the town. Near this chapel, on the south, began the dreadful Fire. Through the Gate-way, beneath St. James's Chapel, is the passage leading to the West-street, which is chiefly in habited by industrious labourers and artisans. Towards the extremity of it, anciently stood the Church of St. Law rence ; but of which, no remains can now be traced. Returning back to the Cross — branching from it east erly, is the Jury-street — so called from the matted room in it, where the Juries were formerly impanneled. In this street stands tlie Court-Housc. Over its door is placed the Royal Arms above, and those of the Borough under neath ; in tlie centre, is the figure of Justice, with her usual insignia. Lower down, on tlie same side, is another of the principal Inns, the Black Swan, with a new and good front. Many of the houses in this street are old, and afford strik ing specimens of the ancient mode of architecture; and", "28 PERAMBULATION Entrance of the Castle ; and, a little above, the small but elegant tower of St. Peter's Chapel. Further back, to the i ight, is the Priory, embosomed in its own beautiful woods - and, still further to the right, is the ancient Hospital of St. John, which, no pleasing object in itself, is well relieved by tlie interposing shade of trees. The town is seen, scattered about, interspersed with wood, rising in the center; and crowned w ith its noble tower of St. Mary's, ascending far above the richly variegated and extensive groves of the Castle. On the left, eclipsing by its solemn grandeur every other object, appears the Castle, proudly seated on a bold and elevated rock, and raising high its towers and battle ments above all the lofty and spreading trees which encir cle it, and lend the aid of their varied shades, to diversify and enrich the prospect. The majestic towers of Cæsar, on the one side, and of Guy, on tlie other, with the grand embattled Gateway in the middle, richly clad in the thick est foliage, would of themselves form a fine and complete picture. Such are the outlines of the striking and beauti ful scenery, which marks the approach to Warwick, on the eastern side. The lover of picturesque scenery must next remove from the Leamington Road ; and, at tlie Bridge, tinning on the left, proceed along the road that leads to Tachbrook. Here, on a rising ground, about a mile from the town, his eye will be gratified by a view, which, in all that constitutes a beautiful and impressive landscape, few can surpass. In this, as in the former view, the noble tower of St. Mary's Church majestically soars in the center, the most elevated object in the picture. The Castle, super-eminently the glory of tlie scene, next presents itself to the astonished eye, in all its magnificence. The whole range of front, of ample breadth and lofty height, displays itself at once with great effect: and its long line is finely broken and in terspersed, by large and luxuriant trees, which throw their", "ST. MARK'S CHURCH. 48 less— and a sixth, to the ancient family of Staunton of Longbridge, within the precincts of the borough, 1778. In this transept is, also, a marble monument to the memory of George and Mary Webb, 1743 : and another, more remark able than all for its singularity, and its antiquity, to the memory of Thomas and Joan Oken, with their portraitures in brass, 1573.* To this monument, damaged by the fire, a marble tablet has been added by his feoffees, with a long inscription, commemorating the private worth, the public honors, and the charitable bequests, of that distinguished benefactor of his native town. In the south transept, are three marble monuments, one, to the memory of William Viner, the honored and faithful steward, for 40 years, of the celebrated Fulk Lord Brooke, 1639, — the second, to the memory of John Norton, deputy recorder of Warwick, 1709— and the third, to the memory of Henry Beaufoy, Esq. of Edmonscott, in this county; one of whose daughters was married to Sir Samuel Garth, dis tinguished as a poet of some eminence, and still more as an enlightened, an active and benevolent physician. The two last were erected in the place of others destroyed by the fire. But in this transept, are to be seen the small remains of a most splendid monument, erected in 1409, to the memory of Thos. Beauchamp, second Earl of that name, and Marga ret Ferrers, his wife, daughter of Lord Ferrers. The origi nal monument, which stood near the present, was an altar tomb, surmounted with a rich canopy, forming a half subast arch, adorned with the arms of Beauchamp and Ferrers. The present monument consists only of the brass plate, * The imcriptioui is as follows, \" Of your charyte give thanks for '• the soules ofThomas Oken and Joiue bis U'jff; on whose souls .Icmis \"Iiasmetcey; Je;u» has mercy- A men— Remember the charyu- ul llic \"poor fur ever, mblxxuij.\"" ]

[ "12 IRISH MELODIES I will fly with my Coulin, and think the rough wind Less rude than the foes we leave frowning be- hind : — And I'll gaze on thy gold hair as graceful it wreaths, And hang o'er thy soft harp, as -wildly it breathes ; Nor dread that the cold-hearted Saxon will tear One chord from that harp, or one lock from that hair.' i « In the twenty-eighth year of the reign of Henry VIII. an act was made respecting the habits, and dress in gene ral, of the Irish, whereby all persons were restrained from being shorn or shaven above the ears, or from wearing Glibbes, or Coulins (long locks), on their heads, or hair on the upper lip, called Crommeal. On this occasion a song was written by one of our bards, in which an Irish virgin is made to give the preference to her dear Coulin (or the youth with the flowing locks), to all strangers (by which the English were meant), or those who wore their habits. Of this song the air alone has reached us, and is universally admired. » — Walker's Memoirs of the Irish Bards, page 1 34- Mr. Walker informs us, also, that, about the same pe riod, there were some harsh measures taken against the Irish minstrels.", "84 IRISH _!F.T-a_TE_- THE MINSTREL _0_. Am — The Moreen. The Minstrel-boy to the viar is gone, In the ranks of death you'll find him; His father's sword he has girded on, And his wild harp slung behind him. « Land of song-! » said the warrior-bard, « Though all the world betrays thee, One sword, at least, thy rights shall guard, One faithful harp shall praise thee ! » The Minstrel fell ! — but the foeman's chain Could not bring his proud soul under ; The harp he loved ne'er spoke again, For he tore its chords asunder; And said, « No chains shall sully thee. Thou soul of love and bravery ! Thy songs were made for the pure aud tree, They shall ne\\er sound in slavery. »", "IRISH MELODIES. 90 Then think of the friend, who once welcomed it too, And forgot his own griefs to be happy with you. His griefs may return — not a hope may remain Of the few that have brighten'd his path-way of pain — But he ne'er will forget the short vision, that threw Its encnantment around him , while ling'rmg with you. And still on that evening, when pleasure fills up To the highest top sparkle each heart and each cup, Where'er my path lies, be it gloomy or bright, My soul, happy friends ! shall be with vou that night. Shall join in your revels, your sports and your wiles, And return to me, beaming all o'er witn your smiles ! Too blest, if it tells me that, 'mid the gay cheer, Some kind voice had murmur'd, « I wish he were here !" ]

[ "96 KUPRI KEUI PLUNDERED OF GRAIN. soon as brought in, but no great quantity could be collected. A large number of cattle were also procured, and given over to the Colonels of regiments to be pastured during the day just outside the lines, and shut up in pens, made expressly for the purpose, during the night. Repeated applications continued to be made by Her Majesty's Commissioner, both to Constantinople for supplies of various descriptions, and to Erzeroom for grain and other articles, but not a single thing of any kind arrived, although, at this period, there would have been little risk or difficulty in throwing in a convoy. A large supply of grain had been collected and stored at the village of Kupri Keui, about fifty miles from Erzeroom ; and though General Williams had issued repeated instructions for having it conveyed to Kars, the Turkish authorities had neglected to carry out his orders, and the consequence was that the village was soon afterwards plundered by that portion of the Russian army which was stationed in the neighbourhood of Byazid, and the whole of the stores fell into their hands. This was a very heavy loss, and was more to be lamented from its having* arisen solely and entirely from Turkish carelessness. It is, however, due to the Mushir, Vassif Pasha, to state that he used his utmost endeavours to get supplies thrown into Kars, being fully alive to the necessity of replenishing the nearly exhausted", "272 THE PASHA IS IN VAIN URGED TO ADVANCE. Selim Pasha had evidently been much disturbed by the letter he had just read, and seemed to feel the weight of the responsibility he had drawn upon himself by his boastful misrepresentations. To all the questions which were put to him as to his in tended movements, he replied in vague and un meaning generalities, chiefly dwelling on the diffi culties he apprehended from the Russian detach ment at Delibaba, which he stated to consist of five thousand infantry, six guns and. cavalry in propor tion. This, it must be observed, was a misstatement on the part of his Excellency, whether wilful or not was best known to himself; for at the time alluded to it was known that there were at Deli baba not more than fifteen hundred infantry at the very utmost, three hundred and fifty Cossacks, six guns, and about forty dragoons. The Pasha was urged, but in vain, to advance to the entrenched position at Kupri-keui, which would at once develop the real intentions of this Russian force, and demonstrate whether or not it would be in the power of the Turks to operate still further. The strongest arguments in support of this move ment were submitted to him, but all that he would promise was, that he would attack the Russians at Delibaba as soon as two thousand Bashi-Bozouks were collected in their rear to cut off their retreat. This was nothing more nor less than a grave mockery, for the greater part of that number of", "IMPOSSIBILITY OF COLLECTING BASHI-BOZOUKS. 273 irregular horsemen would have to be collected throughout the surrounding country, a work of some weeks at least, but more probably of months, if it could be accomplished at all. Indeed, it was subsequently learned that an order to this effect was given, which resulted in two hundred and fifty being assembled at Erzeroom in the following- January ! T" ]

[ "6 headings of chapters that are among the most interesting por tions of works treating of Natural History, and it is from these that the geographer draws the material necessary to his purpose. To give, as frequently and as fully as possible, \" a local habi tation\" to the truths of natural science, is in an especial manner the business ofthe geographer. It is no disadvantage to his sub ject, but very decidedly the reverse of a disadvantage, that it presents so many points of contact with other branches of study ; and he must indeed be a dull teacher who does not avail himself ofthe opportunities hence afforded for kindling a vivid interest, awakening earnest and inquiring attention, on the part ofthe learner. It is usual to regard Geography as divided under the three headings of Mathematical, Physical, and Political. At least, such a division is found in many ofthe works that treat of Geography. I do not think it worth much ; and if I have sometimes lent it verbal sanction, it has been rather in deference to established usage than from any conviction of its soundness. In my own view, physical geography (.. e. the description of the world of nature) underlies and forms the basis of all geography ; and I cannot understand — much less acquiesce in — any attempt to teach the particular geography of any country, its divisions, towns, &c, (which is what is meant by so-called \" political\" geography,) apart from clear and methodical description of its natural features. In other words, I hold physical geography to be the foundation essential to all geographical description, whether of a country, a province, a county, or a continent. The expression \"political geography\" involves, to my apprehen sion, a very obvious confusion of ideas. To talk of (or attempt to teach) \" political\" geography as a distinct subject, apart from physical geography, seems to me an absurdity and a blunder. Physical geography, and the description of provincial divi sions, with towns and cities, the boundaries of states, their popu lations and industries (and these latter are, in the main, the topics to which the so-called \"political\" geography of the school-books is devoted), are not, I repeat, distinct subjects, nor even so much distinct departments of the same subject, as one entire edifice, of which the physical geography forms the neces sary and indispensable foundation. The attempt to treat any", "7 portion of geography — call it \"political,\" or by whatever epithet you like — apart from physical geogvaphy, and as a thing per se, involves confusion and absurdity. Let me give a brief example or two. The Monsoons, the Gulf Stream, the theory of Climate ; these belong undoubtedly to Physical Geography : but they are also inseparably connected with the descriptive (or so-called \" poli- tical\") geography of particular countries, and no intelligent study of the latter can be pursued without constant reference to them. For the aspects and phenomena of the natural world exercise an influence (and that of a most potential kind) over the indus- trial pursuits, the habits, thoughts, feelings, and daily life of man, civilized and uncivilized alike. The miner, toiling deep in the bowels of the earth for the mineral which is laid up in that particular part ofthe great store-house of nature ; the ship-wright, working busily at his craft on the banks of navigable river- mouths, or beside harbours of which nature has been the archi- tect ; the timber-cutter in the Canadian forest ; the Australian shepherd, continually extending his experience of the vast in- terior to \" fresh fields and pastures new\"; the trader within the spice-producing islands of eastern seas — are not the less really (hardly even less directly) under the influence of those condi- tions which it is the purpose of physical geography, as a study, to describe and develope, than the bushman of the South African wilderness, who derives his chief nutriment from the succulent fruits that belong to the arid soil of the desert; the Indian who lives (or whose ancestors once lived) by the chase ; the Esquimaux who follows his prey upon the ice-fields of a polar sea ; or the South Sea islander whose taro-ground constitutes his chief wealth, and to whom the surrounding waters furnish the scene of adventure and recreation alike. How can the geography of India be taught without explanation of the monsoons, by which the daily life of the millions upon millions of mankind who dwell between the Himalayas and Cape Comorin is regu lated ; where any unusual delay in the coming of the expected monsoon may involve a famine that will carry desolation over an entire province ? Who can instruct a class concerning the climate of countries on the western seaboard of Europe, without explanation of the currents and prevailing winds of the neigh-", "10 nearer approach to adult years. I own to suspicion of such pro fessed discoveries, in the case of geography or any other subject. I have an intense dislike to dogma of every kind, and to educa tional dogma in a degree which is by no means the least of my antipathies in such regards. There is, it seems to me, an espe cial weakness involved in the professed attempt to teach geo graphy by any rigid method of supposed universal application, arising from the fact that no two divisions ofthe world — no two countries — even no two portions of any one country, are alike ; and that the order of subjects, their relative importance, their mutual relationships, present never-ending conditions of diversity. In one country, its mountains or plateaus ; in another, its river-basins ; in a third, its deserts ; in a fourth, the waters of a surrounding ocean, will constitute the prime objects of regard, upon which the judicious teacher will concentrate the attention of his pupils, and in relation to which he will endeavour to awaken the interest and inquiring regard of the learner. The particular order and proportionate treatment of various subjects which might be usefully employed in the case of Russia, may be unsuitable to Scandinavia ; and the geography of Arabia can hardly be described by the same standard that would be appli cable to Brazil or the valley of the Danube. No merely Pro crustean system can be wisely made the medium of describing the truths of geographical science. Such systems, however, have been sometimes tried, in past and present times alike. Perhaps the earliest experiment of the kind is found in the work of the Arabian geographer, Edrisi, composed in the early part of the twelfth century. \" The work of Edrisi,\" says the historian of ' Maritime and Inland Discovery,' '• contains a full description of the whole world, as far as it was known to the author, with its countries, cities, and all its fea tures, physical and political. These are arranged, not according to any of the methods to which we are accustomed, but in a manner peculiar to itself. The world is divided into seven climates, commencing at the equinoctial line, and extending northwards to the limit at which the earth is supposed to be rendered uninhabitable by the cold. Each climate is then divided by per pendicular lines into eleven equal parts, beginning with the western coast of Africa, and ending with the eastern coast of" ]

[ "THE WHITE SQUAW. 42 will prove fatal alike to him and me. Wnen ambition enters the heart, honour and justice find no home therein. Our people cannot know that man in the past; they must jud-re him by his present. I would be generous— the Great Spirit knows that— but I must also be just. If I. hare raised augry feelings at this council, I have nothing to char-re mvself with ; I did but my duty. May the white a heart be turned from the covetous thoughts which fill it ! Great Spirit, hear my prayer : \" With a natural and beautiful action, the aged Indian raised his hands in-supplication* to that Power alike cogni zant of the thoughts of white and red. CHAPTER XLL THE SITUATION. Several days had elapsed since the meeting in the council house. The answer of the Seminole warriors had been convey.-. to the white governor by Oluski himself. The old chief couched the decision in kindly words mingled with regrets. Elias Body was wonderfully self-possessed. He smiled, shrugged his shoulders, grasped the Seminole'. hand, and with a wave of his own seemed to dismiss the ject from his thoughts. Nay, more, he presented the old warrior with a beauti fully inlaid rille, a bale of broad-cloth, and a keg of powder. \" Come, come,\" said he speaking in the friendliest \" don't let a mere whim of mine affect such a friendship as ours. You mit.it accept these things — mere trifles. Your taking them will prove that you harbour no unkindm wards me or mine. Thus pressed, Oluski accepted the presents. The governor smiled covertly as the old chief departed.", "127 DEATH AT THE STAKE. It was one of his guards of yesterday who addressed him. \"Come!\" \" Is that you, old Dummy ? \" asked he, recognising the Indian. \"I can't. say I'm glad to see yur, since yur've broke in on the pleasantest dream I've had for a long time. But never mind, how shed you know that you whar a doing it, you poor savage critter you, that don' t know nothin' hut to handle a tomahawk, and raise the hair off a human head ? What do you want with me now ? \" \"The warriors are assembled ! \" \"Air they ? Wal, that's kind of them, only they needn't have put themselves out o' the way to get up so early on my account ; I could ha' waited.\" \" Come.\" \" Wal, I'm comin' ; d'ye think I'm afraid, durn yur ? D'ye think I'm afraid of you or all the warriors of your tribe, or of your chief, Wacora, either ? \" \" Wacora is not here.\" \" Not here ! Where is he ? \" \" I cannot answer the pale-face's questions. I came to bring you before the council.\" \" Wal, I'm ready to go afore the council.\" As they were about to emerge from the house, a sudden idea seemed to strike Carrol, and he stopped his conduc tors. \" Stay, friend, will you tell me one thing ? \" \"Speak!\" \" Whar are we ? \" \"At Oluski's town.\" Carrol's face beamed with a sudden joy. \"And his son Nelatu— is this his home ?\" \"It is.\" \" Hurray ! Now, I dare say you wonder at my bein' struck all of a heap wi' delight. But I'll tell you one thing, red-skin — no offence, not knowin' your name — you and yur three partners have taken a most uncommon sight o' trouble all for nothin'.\" \"What do you mean ?\" \" Just this — go and tell Nelatu that Cris Carrol is the", "SAVED ! SAVED ! ! 153 \" None ; none but my own.\" \"Then, tell me if you like.\" Was it the faint tremor in her voice that emboldened him to speak ? \"Unworthy of you /\" was his answer. \"Of me?\" she said, her face averted from his. \"Of you, and you only. But why should I withhold further confidence? You have given me courage to speak ; have I also your leave ?\" She made no answer to the last question, but her look was eloquent of assent. \" I thought on that day,\" he continued, \" that I was accursed by man and heaven — that I, an Indian savage, was not accounted worthy to indulge in thoughts of love that had sprung up within my heart, like a pure flower, only to be blighted by the prejudices of race ; that all my adoration for the fair and excellent, must be kept down by the accident of birth ; and that whilst nur turing a holy passion, I must crush it out and stifle it for ever. \" But now ?\" Her voice was low and tremulous. \"Now — all rests upon one word. Upon that word depends my happiness or misery now and for ever. \" And what is it ?\" \" Do not ask it from me. It must come from your eyes —from your lips — from your heart !\" There was an eloquence that spoke the answer without a word being uttered. It was the eloquence of love ! In another instant the lips of the white maiden touched those of her Indian lover. From their rapturous embrace they were startled by a sound. It was a groan ! It came from the other side of Sansuta's grave, behind which there was a clump of bushes. Wacora rushed towards the spot, while Alice kept her place, transfixed to it by a terrible presentiment. The young chief uttered an exclamation of horror, as he looked in among the bushes. His cousin was lying beneath them, stretched out — dead!" ]

[ "THE BARREN GROUND CHAP. IV. 52 by boiling, which takes most of the flavour out of the meat, but has the advantage of being easy and eco nomical of firewood. The marrow is usually eaten raw, and, as there is no blood visible in the bones of a fat animal, it is not such a disgusting habit as it seems to be at first sight, and one readily accustoms oneself to the fashion. Every body who has travelled in the North has experienced the same craving for grease as the cold becomes more intense. In the case of a white man the enforced absence of flour and all vegetable food may be an additional cause for this feeling ; but it is a fact that you can cheerfully gnaw a solid block of grease or raw fat that it would make you almost sick to look at in a land of temperate climate and civilized methods of living. The Indian is by no means the only enemy of the caribou. Along the shore of the Arctic Sea live straggling bands of Esquimaux who kill great quan tities of these persecuted animals, although employing more primitive methods than their southern neigh bours ; it is done, moreover, at the most fatal season of the year, just as the females have arrived at the coast and are dropping their young. Then there are the ever-hungry wolves and wolverines that hang with such pertinacity on the travelling herds and rely upon them entirely for subsistence. It is rarely that a caribou once singled out can escape. The wolves hunt in bands and seldom leave the track they have selected ; the chase lasts for many hours, till the victim, wearied by the incessant running, leaves the band and his fate", "OF NORTHERN CANADA CHAP. XIV. 223 accepting his promise, ever readily given and as readily broken, to hand in his fur in the following spring to the officer in charge of the post. Whenever the often told story of a band of Indians caught by the horrors of starvation reaches the fort, the Company sends to the rescue, and every winter saves many a man from death, while the free-trader, having taken as much fur as he can out of the country during a short summer's trip, is living at ease on the confines of civilization. The days are long gone by when a prime silver fox could be bought for a cotton pockethandkerchief, but still the rumours brought from this little known Northern country attract the venturesome trader, usually to his own loss, and always to the upsetting of the Company's wise system of dealing with the Indians. Vermillion has a comparatively large population, outside the numerous employe's of the country. Both the Protestant and Roman Catholic churches have missions here, and several half-breeds have taken up an irregular method of stock-raising and small farming to help out the uncertain living afforded by fur-trap ping. Mr. Lawrence, a practical hard-working farmer from Eastern Canada, has been successful with a farm three miles above the fort ; but for many years to come there is not the slightest reason for that emigra tion of farmers to Peace River which wild enthusiasts clamour for. So much talk about this scheme has lately appeared in the Canadian newspapers, mostly, no doubt, as one of the political cries which find such favour with the statesmen of Ottawa, that I cannot allow this opportunity to pass without a word of", "THE BARREN GROUND CHAP. XV. 250 and starving in the mountains with no guns to procure food, no snow-shoes with which to travel over the increasing depth of snow, and no clothes to withstand the cold of mid-winter which was already upon us. There was still a hope, for Charlie was not quite ready to admit that he was mistaken. Our advance party had turned back on seeing a rapid, and even now could not give me any accurate description of this obstacle to navigation ; if it was so bad that a scow could not run down, it was obvious that this could not be Macleod's River, for I knew that no portage was necessary to reach the lake. Pat was still sure that he had recognised many places this morning, but could not say anything about\" the log-cabin ; it stood back from the river, and there was a chance that people, passing quickly down-stream, might have missed seeing it when the foliage was thick on the willows. The best plan seemed to first make sure about the rapid, so we started up-stream to inspect it. I was very doubtful of any good result coming from this move, when I saw that the strength of the current increased, and the mountains on each side of the stream grew higher and steeper. Soon we passed a newly-built beaver-house, which certainly was a strange object on the side of a travelled river, and in a couple of hours reached the rapid. Surely this \"was enough to make anyone turn back ; a heavy shute of broken water down which no scow could ever run without being smashed to pieces ; even Pat now acknowledged that he was hopelessly lost. A valu able day had been wasted, and the sun was down" ]

[ "REVOLUTION IN FRANCE, 1830. 47 same day they cleared the Quai Pelletier up to the Place de Grdve, but the murderous fire of their assailants was insupportable, and obliged them instantly to retreat. and divine, and in which I look part only out of human respect, with which I shall ever reproach myself, my conscience impe riously forbids me to serve an instant longer. In my life I have given so many proofs of devotedness to the King that I may be per mitted, without it being possible for my mo tives to be calumniated, to make a distinction betweest What emanates from him and the atrocities now committed in his name. I have, therefore, the honor to beg you to lay before his Majesty my resignation as Captain of his Guards. On the first day, and even before they left their barracks, the greater part of the officers and soldiers of the line agreed among them selves not to fire upon their fellow citizens. The commandant Maillard, of the 15th light in fantry, positively refused to order his battalion to fire, in spite of the reiterated commands which he received. At the same time, in another quarter, the sub-lieutenant Lacroix, of the same regiment, who commanded a detach ment stationed at the prison of Montaign, divided his time between preventing the pri soners from escaping and inducing the sol diers to meet the people as brothers. This brave officer remained at his post till the next day, and then delivered it up to the National Guard. \"I have the honor to be, &c, \" Count RAOUL DE LATOUR DU PIN.\" Notwithstanding the troops had retired, there was some apprehension of a renewal of the combat. The following conversation passed between a gentleman and a general officer in the Elysee Charles : — Q. \" Well, General, I am glad to see the troops withdrawing : it is of course settled.\" A. \" Settled, indeed ! you are mistaken, Sir. True, the troops have withdrawn for a moment, but it is only to join other regiments at St. Cloud, and commence an attack to morrow.\" In short, the military felt for their country, and sympathised with the people. The French army is recruited by conscription, a species of ballot, by which an annual supply is obtained from the ranks of citizens and farmers. In time of peace it is composed of the same order as our militia, if not of a better. The privates of the line can all, with a few exceptions, read and write ; and hence the politics of the day make an impression on the French soldiery that statesmen, ac customed to view them as passive instru ments of power, can never bring themselves to credit. The soldiers of the line are, for the most part, well acquainted with both the nature and extent of the prerogatives of the Crown and their limitations, and the sacred lights which the Charter purported to the people. It was not, therefore, surprising that upon Wednesday the 5th and 53rd re giments refused to fire upon the people who came in a mass to the hotel of Prince Po lignac to demand the revocation of the ordi nances of the 25th. On that occasion offi cers of the line and of the staff were heard to recommend the leaders of the popular party to be firm in their demands; but not to proceed to violence whilst a hope of suc cess was left by treating with the ministers. Q \"You surely do not mean to attack your brothers and fellow subjects, unarmed as they are, and seeking as they are to gain the liberties taken from them.\" A. \" I know nothing of that, Sir, as a soldier. But I tell you that, unless conditions be arranged to-night, we shall bombard Paris to-morrow.\" On the royal route to St. Cloud, which is a back or bye road, estaffettes had passed every half hour throughout the day to St. Cloud, announcing to the King the movements of the army, and the progress of the siege. The Royal troops, driven from the capital, were stationed in the Bois de Boulogne, ex hausted by fatigue. The Mayor of Autueil was required to provide them with provisions and refreshments. He addressed himself ac cordingly to the principal inhabitants of his commune, who answered that in complying with his request they should be furnishing their own enemies with support, since these troops had fired upon their brothers in Paris. However, from motives of humanity, pro visions and refreshments were provided. The Duke d' Angouleme went in person to thank the Mayor for the provisions given to \" his army.\" The Mayor could not help saying that all the misfortunes which now afflicted There is in the following letter from an officer of the Royal Guard to Prince Po lignac an expression of feeling which ani mated many of equal and superior rank in the French army. \" Monseigneur, \"After a day of massacre and dis aster, undertaken against all laws, human", "REVOLUTION IN FRANCE, 1830. 91 The first vice president received from one of the secretaries an open paper, which he read as follows : — to defend exact from us that we should fix the conditions on which he shall obtain power. Shamefully deceived as we have been repeat edly, it is allowable in us to stipulate severe guarantees. Our institutions are incompati ble, — vicious even in many respects. It is fitting that we extend and ameliorate them. The prince who is at our head is already aware of our just wants. The principles of many fundamental laws have been proposed by the Chamber and recognized by him. Other prin ciples, other laws, are not less indispensable, and will likewise be obtained. We are elected by the people. They have confided to us the defence of their interests and the expression of their wants. Their first wants, their dearest interests, are liberty and repose. They have conquered their liberty ; it is for us to secure their repose ; and we cannot do so except by giving them a stable and just government. It is vainly pretended that by agitating these questions we overstep our rights. I would get rid of that objection, if it were necessary, by referring to the law which I have already invoked — that of impe rious, invincible necessity. In this state of things, taking into consideration the grave and pressing situation in which the country is placed, the indispensable necessity which it experiences of changing its precarious po sition, and the universal wish expressed by France to obtain the completion of her insti tutions, I have the honor to propose the fol lowing \" The Chamber of Deputies accuses of high treason the Ministers who signed the report to the King, and the ordinances, dated the 25th of July, 1830. \" Eusebe Salverte, \" Deputy of the Seine.\" On the left and in the centre there were loud cheers. On the extreme right, a mourn ful silence was observed. M. Eusebe Salverte. — This proposition must be submitted to the bureaux, according to the usual form ; but as the Chamber, how- ever important this matter may be, has still more important business to settle, I do not wish to address the Chamber in explanation of my proposition, supposing it to need ex- planation, until the expiration of eight days. M. Berryer opened the important business of the day by saying — \" A solemn compact united the French people to their Monarch. This com- pact has been broken. The violators of the contract cannot, with any title, claim the ex- ecution of it. Charles X. and his son in vain pretend to transmit a power which they no longer possess. That power is washed away by the blood of many thousands of victims. The act of abdication with which you are ac- quainted is a fresh perfidy. The appearance of legality with which it is closed is a decep- tion. It is a brand of discord which it is wished to throw amongst us. The real ene- mies of our country, and those who by flattery urged the last government on to its ruin, are stirring in all quarters ; they assume all colors, and proclaim all opinions. A desire of inde- finite liberty possesses some generous indi- viduals, and the enemies to whom I speak hasten to encourage a sentiment which they are incapable of comprehending,; and ultra- royalists appear in the guise of republican regicides. Some others affect to have for the child of the forgotten conqueror of Europe a hypocritical attachment, which would be con- verted into hate if there could be any ques- tion of making him chief of France. The unavoidable instability of the existing means of governing encourage the promoters of dis- cord. Let us hasten, then, to put an end to it. A supreme law, — that of necessity, — has placed arms in the hands of the people of Paris, for the purpose of opposing oppression. This law induced us to adopt for a provision- ary chief, and as the only means of safety, a Prince who is the sincere friend of constitu- tional institutions. The same law would lead us to adopt, without delay, a definitive head of our government. But, whatever may be the confidence with which this chief in spires us, the rights which we are called upon Resolutions. \" ' The Chamber of Deputies, taking into consideration, with a view to the public in terests, the imperious necessity which results from the events of the 26th, 27th, 28th, and 29th of July last, and the following days, and the general situation of France, declare, 1st., that the throne is vacant, and that it is indis pensably necessary to provide foe that circum stance. \" ' The Chamber of Deputies declares, 2ndly, that, according to the wish and for the interest of the people of France, the preamble and following articles of the Constitutional Charter should be suppressed or modified in the man ner here pointed out \" M. Berryer then detailed the proposed sup pressions or modifications. Among the pro visions were — the suppression of the article on the religion of the state — that the King is the supreme chief of the state, he com mands the forcesby land and sea, declares war, makes treaties of peace, of alliance, and com merce, nominates to all employments in the public administration, and frames the regula tions and ordinances necessary for the execu tion of the laws, and for the safety of the", "REVOLUTION IN FRANCE, 1830. 105 number rose themselves unsolicited to that dignity; in the course of the day each leader succeeded in procuring a horse, the greater number of which were taken from the gen darmes, and, if we did not raise, we at least maintained unsullied the reputation of the Ecole Polytechnique. But, where all proved themselves heroes, none deserve praise. A companion of mine fought beside a wine-mer chant; a Swiss aimed at him a sabre blow with such violence, that the blade broke in his chest ; the patriot's gun fell from his hand, his lips quivered, and he remained for a moment, as it were, unconscious of what was passing around him ; but it was but for a moment, for, with a resolution of pur pose which mocks description, dragging the broken sword from his mutilated body, he handed it to my friend, \" Apportez le a ma femme, dis lui que je s'ai recu pour la patrie.'' MONDAY, AUGUST 9. Yesterday, Sunday, nothing of public interest occurred. It was the anniversary of the accession of the Polignac adminis tration. peared to be greatly moved. She several times saluted the assembly. Her dress and that of the young Princesses were plain white robes. The Princes were dressed in sky blue frock coats. To-day the Duke of Orleans was to be en throned King of the French, upon condition of his accepting the Declaration of Rights. By seven o'clock in the morning the peo ple anxiously crowded round the gates of the Palace of Deputies. At ten o'clock they had occupied the tribunes. At noon all the De puties were present. Only four or five mem bers of the right were observed, Messrs. Berryer de Lardemelle, Murat, Paul de Chateaudouble, &c. At one o'clock the Peers began to occupy the benches assigned them on the right of the throne. The tribune of the diplomatic body was almost entirely filled with ladies. There were a few Charges d' Affaires and a general officer, who ap peared to be an Englishman. The fleur-de-lis, which decorated the velvetcurtain of the throne, had been removed. Four large tri-colored flags were displayed to the right and left of the throne. Three red velvet stools were before it. Lower down, to the right and lest, were the benches for the provisional Ministers. The National Guard alone were on duty at the Palace. Two seats covered with pink silk were placed in the centre of the Assembly, on the last bench generally occupied by the Ministers Secretaries of State ; they were for the Presi dents of the Chamber of Deputies and the Chamber of Peers. The Peers were to the number of ninety. The crown, the sceptre, the sword, and the hand of justice were brought upon a rich cushion, and placed upon a table to the right of the throne. Four Marshals of France, the Dukes of Treviso, Tarentem, and Reggio, and Count Molitor, placed themselves standing behind the throne. At half-past two sounds of warlike music were heard in the assembly, announcing the arrival of the Prince. Profound silence en sued. The great deputation returned to the Hall. M. Cassimir Perrier, President of the Chamber of Deputies, and M. Pasquier, President of the Chamber of Peers, took the two seats prepared for them. The Duke of Orleans entered the Hall, followed by his two sons, the Dukes de Chartres and Nemours, and took their places some feet before the throne. Cries, a thousand times repeated, of\" Vive le Due d'Orleans!\" &c, were heard from all the benches : the public in the galleries joined in these acclamations. The Prince bowed several times, and said, \"Gentlemen, be seated.\" The Prince himself sat down and put on his hat, and requested the Pre sident to read to him the declaration of the Chamber of Deputies. M. Cassimir Perrier, the President, then read with a firm and loud voice, during a most solemn silence, the Declaration of the Chamber of Deputies. He then ascended the steps, bowed to the Prince, who rose, re ceived the declaration from his hands, and said — Soon after one o'clock the provisional Com missioners for the several departments of Justice, the Interior, Foreign Affairs, War. Finance, Public Instruction, entered the Hall, The tribune intended for the family of the Lieutenant-General was opened at a quarter past two, and all eyes were turned to that side. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Orleans entered first ; Mademoiselle d' Or leans, the Prince de Joinville, and the Duke de Montpensier, seated themselves on her right hand ; Mademoiselles de Valois and Baujolais on her left. The Princess ap- \"Monsieur, the President of the Chamber of Peers, I request you to deliver to me the act of adherence given by the Peers of France to the declaration of the Chamber of Deputies.\" Baron Pasquier delivered to the Duke, with the same ceremonial, the act of adher ence of the Chamber of Peers." ]

[ "Aanwijzing der Platen Aan den Jordaan Tegenover den Titel. Kameeldrijvers, biddende in de woestijn » blz. 37 De weg naar de Pyramiden » » 43 De Moskee van Omar te Jerusalera » • 53 De Olijfberg met Gethseraane * » 67 In de kerk van het Heilige Graf. » 73 De klaagmuur der Joden te Jerusalem » » 79 De Doode Zee » » 107 Nabulus en de berg Gerizim » 121 De groote Hermon » » 125 Gezicht op Tiberias » » 131 De verbrande zuil te Constantinopel 147", "128 HET LAND VAN ISRAËL. reine ziel is omgegaan, als Hij staarde naar die zalige wrereld daarboven en naar de zondige wereld beneden, die Hij zalig maken wilde? Ik was blijde, toen ik vernam, dat ook hier in Zijnen geest van protestantsche zijde gearbeid wordt; de scholen reeds 300 leerlingen en de gemeente reeds 500 leden telt, en hier van uit Engeland een protestantsch weeshuis voor meisjes is opgericht. En dit mag ik zeggen, dat, toen wij bij ons afscheid met trillende stem het „geloofd zij 's Vaders eenige Zoon\" zongen, in dit lied ook eene bede voor de protestantsche missie onder de Nazarethanen omhoog steeg. In deze wereld laat ons nergens het beeld des Heeren los. Het oude stadje Kana trokken wij door, waar Jezus water in wijn veranderde en een groot wit huis de plek aanwijst, waar Nathanaël moet hebben gewoond; wij reden voorbij een niet hoogen, langzaam afloopen den, aan steenen rijken berg, waar Jezus de bergrede moet hebben uitgesproken, en aanschouwden spoedig in de verte de zee van Tiberias. Aau de overzijde leunt tegen machtige bergen het hoogland van Gadara, waar de Heiland eens „het legioen\" uit den bezetene deed uitgaan; al weder tegen den horizon parelt de Hermon, waar eens Mozes en Elias aan Jezus ver schenen ; aan den noordwestelij ken oever liggen enkele ruïnen van het oude Kapérnaüm „tot den hemel toe verhoogd, tot de hel toe nedergestooten ;\" westelijk verrijzen de arme hutten van Magdala, waar eens", "AAN DEN BOSPORUS." ]

[ "193 MAUSOLEUM. several hundred ancient steel skull-caps, or helmets, said to have been lying there ever since the time of the Tartars, and which resemble in form those still worn by the Circassians, and other mountain tribes of the Caucasus.* At the south end of this building is one much smaller, and of great beauty. Its form without is round, and the inner part of the roof is in the shape of a cone. The body of the building, however, in the interior, is poly gonal, and each face forms a lofty arch, very richly sculptured in the same style as the gateway. The whole of the interior, as well as the gateway, is of a fine alabaster, said to be from Moush, and a beautiful gate of the same material was removed from the building by the Russians after their last campaign. The fabric, which swarmed with pigeons and their nests, is falling rapidly to decay, but might be very easily restored. It was, no doubt, the mausoleum of some distinguished personage; and descending by a ladder through the centre of the floor, we entered * Also by some Koordish tribes. VOL. I. K", "MEREND. 67 sprinkled with snow. A long descent, cross ing occasional spurs, and branches of water courses led through the village of Deeza into a valley. Merend, with its mud castle on a neighbouring height, was visible in front, peering from among pleasant gardens, watered by clear streams. The country here was much greener, though the trees showed some withered leaves; and the weather, among the hills, was very cool and pleasant. We reached Merend before our baggage, and the Ket-koda's deputy was at first very uncivil. He pointed to a bad quarter in the place, near his house, without a court for horses ; but we soon brought him to rea son, and he then assigned us a better abode. Merend is a much larger place than Soofian, and contains probably 1000 houses, with bazaars, &c. Its aspect is cheerful and agreeable in the extreme. The houses stand in pleasant gardens, con taining many fruit, poplar, and other trees, and the fresh verdure around be speaks frequent rain. We had, indeed, a heavy shower in the afternoon, and during", "JAFOOT-KALLEH. 233 nearly perpendicular cliff as to require ladders to reach them These excavations, which are of great antiquity, are believed to have existed long before the Tartar invasion, and were no doubt resorted to by the Christian inhabitants of that period as places of refuge from their conquerors, and may probably have been enlarged since, and rendered more defensible. The monastery contains a complete Greek church, cut into lofty vaulted aisles, and embellished with the usual paraphernalia. Several monks reside in the edifice, and show it to visitors. The valley is traversed by a rocky cause way of difficult ascent, from which we soon obtained a view of Jafoot-Kalleh, perched on a ridge at the termination of the valley, which, strategically speaking, it completely commands. A steep zig-zag path, which few horses from the plains could climb with facility, leads up to the town. The weather cleared just as we reached it, and we were rewarded, on gaining the summit, with a delightful prospect towards the Euxine and VOL. II. n" ]

[ "15 245 250 255 260 He did not go to the Parnassian mount To hear Apollo warbling to the lute, Surrounded by the Graces and the Nymphs; Nor did he climb Olympus to behold The fiery coursers of the sun subdued By art divine, while round the car were seen Aurora and the rosy-finger'd Hours. He chose a nobler view, and plac'd his god In that proud attitude which while on earth He took, as the deliverer of Greece, When the fell Python at his feet lay slain. Thus frowning stands, in majesty divine, The Belvidere Apollo's godlike form, Still threat'ning death, but still -the deadly frown Is temper'd with a look of conscious worth, And satisfaction at the glorious deed. Nor was it only in the heathen times, That highest honors recompens'd the worth", "24 410 415 420 With ev'ry ornament of savage taste ; Each shell and feather, well dispos'd by art, Procur'd distinctions: then the diamond lay Rough in it's native mine; no Indian then Had ever search'd the bottom of the sea, To gather pearls to deck his tawney love. The silk-worm then unnotic'd wound it's ball : No graceful cov'ring for the Fair was known; For want of which their tender flesh was mark'd With painful care to please the savage eye.* Barbarian fashion claim'd as much of thought, As much of suff'ring, as in polish'd times Is freely given by the modern belle, To be distinguish' d from the rival fair. Virtue in them was often love of fame, * In Otaheite and all the South Sea Islands that have been visited by Europeans, the practice of tattooing, or marking the tlesh in different fantastic figures, has been found to prevail generally, and more particularly among the females. The nose as well as the ears is pierced to receive what they consider ornaments. It was probably for the same reason, that the ancient Britons painted their bodies.", "30 515 520 525 530 And watch'd the motions of the wand'ring spheres, Which round the sun their circling orbits roll : They nam'd and register'd each glitt'ring light Which sparkles in the starry firmament, And rang'd in constellations; by whose place The sailor through the pathless ocean steer'd In safety, ere the compass was found out, Or th' attraction of the pole was known. The learning of the wise men of the East Shone with such lustre through barbarian night, That darkness comprehended not the light, And call'd it magic or astrology : And such of learning ever was the fate, In it's first progress through a darken'd age. In Galileo, by the court of Rome 'Twas deem'd prophane and impious heresy To say the sun stood still, the planets mov'd! When Machiavel, in a corrupted age Essay'd to rouse the ancient Roman fire" ]

[ "134 SOCIAL PECULIARITIES. correct, from the West African Herald of May 31st, 1860:— \"A few weeks ago an old man died in Ajumor coong in the interior, leaving to his family over three thousand ounces of gold, three hundred slaves, and much land. The old fellow when alive dwelt in a most wretched hut, and the only piece of furniture he possessed was a mat. The deceased miser's name was Ocrah Taweah. Now, this man was a fair type of a large class of na tives in this part of Africa, who are to be found chiefly in those districts of the protected territory that are situated at some distance from the forts. Near the forts where British authority is more generally felt, men know that they are secured in the quiet possession of whatsoever they have lawfully acquired; and, moreover, contact with civilisation has resulted not only in the introduc tion of a certain taste for the comforts of Eu ropeans, but also in an imitation of some of their habits and customs. Hence in the towns on the seaside there are to be found numbers of natives of Africa who dwell in large and well-built houses, comfortably and tastefully furnished. And it is not the educated native merchants of the higher class only who live comfortably. A number of educated natives, occupying subordinate positions", "COMMERCIAL VIEW OF THE SUBJECT. 271 and they often lose their way, there can be no doubt that numbers of the negroes die of starva tion.\" I hope it will not be suspected that I have ever been engaged in the cattle trade, from my confession that I am able to testify to having frequently seen pigs put on board steamers for transhipment from Ireland to England ; and that I have observed, even in summer, that they were protected from casual inclemencies of the weather, and not \" left a day and night without any covering whatever,\" as is the custom with negroes who voluntarily emigrate from Zanzibar to the islands of Bourbon or Reunion. Having seen so much of the humanity side of the question, let us now look at it in a com mercial point of view. I cannot say whether it is a pecubarity of the cbmate or not, but one does often see philanthropy and trade on the west coast of Africa as nearly related as the Siamese twins. Although a blue book is not exactly the kind of book with which we are likely to try and wile away the time in a shady arbour on a Summer's day, some startbng facts may be occasionally gleaned from these interesting an nuals.", "13, GREAT MARLBOROUGH ST. LONDON. NEW AND INTERESTING WORKS PUbLISHED BT MESSRS. HURST AND BLACKETT, SUCCESSORS TO MR. COLBURN. MEMOIRS OF THE COURTS AND CABINETS OF WILLIAM IV. AND VICTORIA. From Original Family Docd hents. By the DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM AND CHANDOS, K.G. Completing the Buckingham Papers. 2 vols. 8vo. with Portraits. 30s. Among the principal interesting subjects of these volumes will be sonnd : — The Ite-establishment of the Royal Household — The Sailor King and his Court — The Duke of Wellington In, and Out of, Office— The Reform Cabinet and the Conservative Opposition — Career of Sir Robert Peel — Civil List Expenditure — Vicissitudes of Louis Philippe — Attacks on the Duke as Wellington — Corona tions of William IV. and Queen Victoria — Rise and Fall of O'Connell — Lord Mel bourne and bis Ministry — Proceedings of the Kings of Hanover and Belgium — Pri vate Negotiations at Apsley House — Secret History of Court Arrangements. &c. \"These volumes bring to a conclusion the interesting series of memoirs which have been, published under the auspices of the Duke of Buckingham during the last tew years. Founded on the traditions of a family whose members have long possessed the entree into the charmed circle of courtiers and politicians, and enriched by the private and confidential letters of the great men of the time, these works possess a peculiar interest which is not always the attribute of state memoirs. They lift the veil of mystery with which the agents of court influence and cabinet intrigues shroud their actions from the eyes of the public and show us the motives which actuated our statesmen, and ihe degree in which the private expressions ot their views coincided with the public declaration of th, ir sentiments. The number of original documents in the prest-nt volumes invests the work with a fresh and authentic interest. As forming the conclusion of a valuable and important series, these memoirs should find a place on the shelves of every iibraiy.\" — Sun. MEMOIRS OF THE COURT OF GEORGE IV. FROM Original Family Documents. By the DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM AND CHANDOS, K.G. 2 vols. 8vo. with Portraits. 30s. bound. '* The country is very much indebted to the Duke of Buckingham for the publication of these volumes — to our thinking the most valuable of the contributions to recent history which he has yet compiled from his family papers. Besides the King, the Duke of Buckingham's canvass is full of the leading men of the day— Castlereagh, Liverpool, Can ning, Wellington, Peel, and their compeers. We are sure that no reader, whether he seeks for gossip, or lor more sterling information, wilt be disappointed by the book. There aie several most characteristic letters of the Duke of Wellington. \"—John Bull. \"The original documents and private letters published in these volumes — penned by public men, who were themselves active participators in the events and scenes described — throw a great deal of very curious and very valuable light upon this period of our history. Written in the absence of all restraint, they necessarily possess a high interest even for the lightest and most careless reader j whilst, in an historical sense, as an authentic source from which future historians wilt be enabled to form their estimate of the characters of the leading men who flourished in the reign of the last George, they must be regarded as possessing an almost inestimable value. Taking this publication altogether, we must give the Duke of Buckingham great credit tor the manner in which he has executed it, and at the same time return him our hearty thanks for the interesting and valuable information which he has unfolded to us from his family archives.\"— Observer," ]

[ "20 cal force ofthe State department. We now pass through the hall to the western end, and descend by a circular stairway to the portico floor, in front of the Treasury and Auditor Geue ral departments Both are open to visitors. Having com pleted the \"Tour ofthe Buildings,\" we proceed to the front ofthe main building to resume the tour ofthe city. TOUR OF THE CITY RESUMED. ON WEST STATE STREET. The handsome avenue, 120 feet wide, immediately in front of us, is West State street, with the Union Soldiers' monu ment prominently before us. The large brick hotel, corner of Third street, is the Keystone, and near by, on same side, is West State Street Public school building — a specimen of the public schools — although later ones of larger dimensions and -finer specimens of architecture may be seen in other portions of the city. On the right hand is the Grace M. E. church ; when completed this will be one ofthe most costly as well as most beautiful churches in the State. A little farther on, on the same side, is the private residence of the Bishop, and the St. Patrick's Pro-Cathedral. The monument at the intersection of Second and State streets has the following inscription: \"To the Soldiers of Dauphin County who gave their lives for the life of the Union in the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, 1861-5. Erected by their fellow citizens, 1869.\" The design is purely classic, and is founded on the proportions of the pair of obelisks at the gates of Memphis, and of that which stands in the Place Ven dome, at Paris. It is four-sided, ten feet square at the base and eleven diameters (one hundred and ten feet) high to the apex of the pyramidal top. When completed it will be a much more graceful object than the Bunker Hill monument. It was designed by Mr. E. Hudson Worral, of Harrisburg. Here we make the circuit of a single square and take in our view a specimen of the City Fire Department, the Cotton Mills and the Water Works.", "29 It is doubtful if John Harris came farther west until after the permanent removal of all the French traders. It was during one of his expeditions that Harris first beheld the beauty and advantages of the location of Paxtang. It was the best fording place on the Susquehanna, and then, as now in these later days, on the great highway between the north and iuth, the east and the west. Annually the chiefs of tho Five Nations went to the Carolinas, where were located their vast hunting grounds, and these, returning with peltrys, found need of a trading post. The eye of that hardy pioneer, looking out over the vast expanse of wood, c»nd plain, and river, saw and knew that it was the place for the realization of that fond dream of the founder of Pennsylvania — \"a city on the Susque hanna.\" At the period referred to, the lands lying between the Conewago or Lechay hills, and the Kittatinny mountains, had not been purchased from the Indians. Of course, neither John Harris nor the early Scotch-Irish settlers could locate except by the right of squatter sovereignty or as licensed traders. As a trader, it could only be with the permission of the Indians. Harris' first move was the erection of a store house, whichshe surrounded by a stockade. It was located on the lower bank of the river, at about what is now the foot of Paxton street, just below Harris Park. A well dug by him still exists, although covered over about twenty-five years ago, the old pump^stock having become useless and the plat form dangerous. A mound or hillock about one hundred feet south-east of the graveyard denotes the spot. \" For almost a century,\" in the language of the'present David Harris, \"this well supplied a large neighborhood with water, which was ex ceedingly cool and pleasant to the taste.\" Adjoining his cabin were sheds for the housing of peltrys obtained by traffic which, at stated] periods, were conveyed to Philadelphia on pack horses. About the year 1718 or '19 an incident took place in the life of John Harris which has\" received all sorts of versions, and even doubts as to_itsJ:ruthiulness. We shall give it as we believe it, and as traditionary and other facts, in our possession, sup ply the materiaLtherefor. All the French traders having gone \"over Sasquahannah,\" John Harris monopolized the business", "55 Colonel John W. Forney, who recently visited his grave, writes : \" I never supposed that my experience would be so full of interest ; nor, indeed, that the grave of William Penn would be found in a spot so obscure, or that his name would be forgotten in the very neighborhood where he lived and died. I am not without hope that the Friends of Philadelphia will take steps to remove the remains of their greatest leader to the State that bears his name, and to the city he founded in 1682. There is no place in the world so fitting as Fairmount Park, and no time more appropriate for the ceremony than the Centennial year. In any case, what I have written may quicken discussion and inquiry. The whole story of William Penn is tho romance of truth,, and there is not a region in the globe in which it is so well illustrated as in the forty miles around Philadelphia, including part of New Jersey and Dela ware THE STATE ARSENAL. The State Arsenal is located on the square between Herr and Broad streets, and Eighteenth and Nineteenth streets, East Harrisburg, just inside the city limits. The location is ad mirably chosen. The ground occupied is six acres, partly covered by a natural growth of forest trees. The building is one hundred and fifty by fifty-four feet in the main, and seventy five feet in the center, which is surmounted with a tower one hundred feet in height. The arsenal was built in 1874, from a design by Mr. L. M. Simons, of Harrisburg, at a cost of $26, 950. It is connected by wire with the Adjutant General's De partment, at the Capitol, and with the Western Union Tele graph, BANKS. The banking interest of Harrisburg is represented by nine banking houses, four of which are National, and five private and State Institutions, affording good facilities for securing -capital to carry forward any enterprise that will advance the interests of individuals, city or State." ]

[ "130 THE SETTLING OF Mr. Merian's face. His brows were drawn in a rigid, straight line ; and in his eyes was an ominous displeasure. He was standing, too, in the mail ; and had rather oddly shortened one rein, keeping a coil of it firmly under his left thumb. He passed the onlookers and drove the horses up to the coach-house gate. There he jumped down, — still holding the rein tight ; and, with a penetrating glance around, he said: \" This rein has not been used before. And it has been deliberately cut just half through with a knife.\" Stevens turned very white. He came up at once to Mr. Merian. His hand shook as he examined the leather. \" This is a bad-looking thing, sir,\" he admitted, touching his cap humbly. \" See this, Tom and Carter ! \" The other two men inspected the rein. They looked considerably disturbed. Bertie turned suddenly round contemptuously on Frank, and snapped the leather in two at one pull of his fingers. \" I should like to see Lord Herfield's horse if you can bring him out,\" he said to Stevens. To say that Frank's face was scarlet is to put it", "258 THE SETTLING OF The bulk of the goods were in the way of revivals, or newer conquests, in the field of Industrial progress. Straw-plaiting made a beautiful exhibit. There was a quantity of finely -wrought, home -woven linen. Some hand-loom silks were lovely in texture ; and there was lace, from Cecil's school of lace at Chilling ton, which was really most beautiful both in design and workmanship. Lady Emmeline had spared no trouble over this school, and had bought at great expense designs from some of the more celebrated Italian and Peninsular convents. A basket-weaving depot showed groups of all sorts of capital things ; feather dressers, wool carders, and pattern drawers were in evidence ; and there was a marquee of uncommonly good photography. The wood-carving was magnificent : besides hall furniture of various descriptions, and a sideboard with scenes from the egend of Hereward on its doors, a sexagon pulpit and half-a-dozen chancel stalls were a feature. Coming into a tent at the end of the long transept en plein air, Bertie asked : \" Am I in the Rastro of an Andalucian town ? I think not,\" he added, taking interested note of some embossed leather. \" This is where we have failed,\" Lady Durris allowed candidly. \" All here is only slavish imitation,", "BERTIE MERIAN. 327 greetings. The delicate fairness of her colouring seemed accentuated, Bertie thought, though he was unable to trace any change in the beauty of her healthfulness. Looking at her more carefully, he became aware that the heightening of her skin purity was due to her wearing a black frock. He recollected now that Frank had worn a black tie. \" It is nice to have you again,\" she was saying in her pretty little-sisterly way. \" Mamma 's in the library. You '11 think the library here such a funny one. It 's the biggest room in the house, and we camp in it the whole of the day. We only don't take our food in it. It 's delicious that you 've come. Cousin Ottilie 's stopping another month in Switzerland. Concha won't be back for ever such a time. And Mr. Skene says we stagnate mentally without Nollie and Lollie. Here 's Mamma.\" Lady Emmeline was advancing along the wide corridor, which, being lit from the roof, forms a small picture-gallery leading from the hall to the library. Mr. Merian was not surprised to find her seeming more beautiful, looking younger and fairer, than ever. There was a rose-leaf flush on the oval face, and her eyes seemed softer, deeper, richer with the tenderness that has suffered. Through some hospitable chat, which Lady Durris contrived" ]

[ "A NARROW ESCAPE. 73 my sledge violently against an old dead tree of a large size, that stood near the road side ; and, as it was very rotten, the shock broke off the upper half, which fell with a thundering crash within a foot or two of our heads, and so very near the horses, that I thought at first they were both killed. Fortunately the butt of the tree had a bend in it that inclined it off the road, and it was without branches. One would have imagined such an accident would have scared the horses, and made them run off; but it seemed to have the contrary effect. Even the horses which were going on at a trot with the other sledges, were so frightened at the tre mendous sound produced, that with one accord they stopped suddenly and began to tremble. The noise of the fall resembled that of a clap of thunder, and made the whole forest re-echo to the sound far and wide. Our companions were no less alarmed than their horses, and, until the business was explained to them, they conceived there had been a violent convulsion of nature. I certainly never had a narrower escape ; and this accident ought to serve as a warning to all commissaries, and persons having the superin tendance of roads, never to suffer rotten trees to remain near them. It afforded me some sa- VOL. II. E", "KRASNOYESK. 99 of an hour to clean them. The drivers and Cossacks had their faces frozen ; so that I was obliged to give over the idea of travelling by night until the weather got milder. This did not happen until we arrived at Krasnoyesk ; and we then remained there four days, when the weather became a little more moderate, and suf fered us to travel night and day. I found the district of Inneseisk had been erected into a province, and Krasnoyesk had become its seat of government, where the polite and amiable Governor, Mr. Stepanof, gave me a most kind and hospitable reception. He re commended to me two soldiers, one a grenadier of the guards of the regiment of Moscow, and the other of the Semenofsky, who, having been allowed a certain time to go and see their friends in Siberia, from whom they had been absent eleven years, were now about to return to St. Petersburg, and not having the means of hiring a conveyance, were much at a loss how to act so as to arrive within the term of their billets of absence. As I was much pleased with their ap pearance, (being both men of upwards of six feet high, with fine manly open countenances,) I agreed to take them with me instead of Cossacks. Nothing could exceed the joy they experienced f2", "131 OFFICE OF THE COMPRADOR. can only be had by plunging their heads a con siderable depth under water. The compradors hold chops,* or licenses, from the Hoppoo, or collector of the revenues of the port of Canton, to supply foreigners with pro visions of every sort and description. These honest fellows serve you without wages, although they are obliged to pay the Mandarins a good douceur for the privilege ; but they take espe cial care to remunerate themselves at your ex pence. They are also exposed to the exactions and frequent vexations of the petty mandarins ; but they are themselves adepts in deception, and they manage to cheat both the Mandarins and the Europeans ; and enrich themselves in spite of all the dangers and difficulties which apparently surround them. The captains, offi cers, and sailors, buy chiefly from the compra dors; so that, as they keep shops both at Wham poa and Canton, they carry on an extensive trade. Their boats visit the ships with provi sions, &c. Sec. every morning between seven and eight o'clock, and are suffered to remain there until sun-set. A tide-waiter is appointed to ex amine those boats before they leave Whampoa. * Pae is the real Chinese name ; Chop is an appella tion given by Europeans." ]

[ "ZULU RELIGION. 127 heathen Empire, as in that of the Cæsars, the political and military despot's throne stands for the altar of their God ; the shrine of visible and tangible Force, and of arbitrary self-will ; undoubtedly the final result of every immoral superstition. There are no regular temples, or stated ordinances of public prayer, except those superintended by Royalty, and the solemnities appointed for certain seasons of the year, at which the King, as Arch- Pontiff, takes the leading part. The 1st day of January, being Midsummer day, is dedicated to the great national festival of U-kwechwana, a kind of harvest thanksgiving for the crop of \" mealies \" or maize, which is now ripe to be gathered, fit for roasting or boiling. There is a grand muster and review of the troops, and it is at this period that some of the soldiers of older regiments are permitted to retire, or to marry, after a careful inspection by the King. His Majesty then proceeds to perform a series of sacrificial and propitiatory acts in honour of his deified ancestors, whose souls are ever present, either inhabiting serpent bodies, or hovering about him in the viewless air. A choice bull of the royal herds is slaughtered by a party of young men, who must capture and kill the animal with their hands alone, I suppose killing it by strangling, as they are forbidden", "THE ZULUS AND THE BRITISH FRONTIERS. 136 the Boers, resolved to assert and to enforce its claim to Natal, after seeming to give it up. A body of some 500 troops, with two guns, under Captain T. B. Smith, was landed in May, 1842, and was opposed to a nearly equal force of Dutch militia, each party holding its own fortified camp. The Boers got rather the best of it, knowing the ground and having plenty of provisions ; the English soldiers, driven back from a sally, were soon closely besieged. They were almost starved out, but a message had been sent to the Cape, and relief came just in time, on the 24th of June. Two British ships of war, conveying 700 troops, under Lieutenant-Colonel Josias Cloete, lay off the harbour. The Dutchmen retreated up the country to their new capital of Pietermaritzburg. They were followed by Colonel Cloete, but he had no more fighting to do. Their Volksraad, or popular Legislative Assembly, voted an Act of submission, upon the promise that their lands and property should be secured to them. In the following year, her Majesty's Government pro ceeded to establish a new civil administration of Natal. Its principles were signified to the Boers and other colonists, in a proclamation forbidding any aggression upon the native race, abolishing slavery and pledging the Government to equal justice for black men and white, for Englishmen and Dutchmen", "LANGALIBALELE AND BISHOP COLENSO. 177 young men, their practising with their guns, and their mystic ceremony of sprinkling their knees with a certain magical \"medicine,\" to give them strength for the battle. All this, however, was reduced by Dr. Colenso's subsequent investigation to very small proportions. The Court was nevertheless easily con vinced that Langalibalele must be found guilty ; he was therefore sentenced to imprisonment for life. Next came the trials of seven of his sons, one of whom, Alalumbule, had fired at the persons sent to arrest him in Basuto Land ; and of two Indunas of their tribe. The Secretary for Native Affairs presided at this trial ; the prisoners were convicted and sen tenced to various terms of imprisonment, Malumbule to five years. It was resolved to send Langalibalele and this son of his to undergo their punishment in Robben Island, which is in Table Bay at Capetown, and where Macomo and other rebellious Kaffir chiefs had in former years been confined. An act was speeddy passed by the Legislature of the Cape Colony to legalise the reception of the two prisoners from Natal. Before, however, they were conveyed to Robben Island, their case was taken up by the right reverend prelate whose name has been often mentioned. Bishop Colenso, having long personally known Langalibalele, and having been shocked by the ruin N" ]

[ "39 belonged to Ralph Baignard or Baynard, who was also Lord of the Manor of Ashdon Hall, and forty other manors in Essex. The family had settled at Messing in the time of Henry IIL, and was possessed of the Manor there called after the family name. Lady Juga was a descendant of this family, and sister to Ralph, but nothing is known of her Ladyship beyond the fact of her founding the Priory of Little Dunmow in 1104. Geofrey Baynard succeeded his father Ralph. Geofrey's son, William, succeeded him, and inherited the large paternal estates in the county, but was deprived of tbe barony and whole estates for alleged treason against King Henry I., and in 1111 they were given by the King (Henry I.) to Robert, a young son of Richard Fitz-Gislebert, and from whom the noble family of Fitz- Walter descended. THE FITZ-WALTERS. Cn the forfeiture of William, the grandson of Ralph Baynard, the Barony and lordships passed by gift to Robert Fitz-Gislebert, the son of Bichard (progenitor of the ancient Earls of Clare), from whom they descended to the Fitz-Walters, whose posterity held die lordship of Little Dunmow, and Woodham-Walter, as part of the Barony of Fitz- Walter, through ten generations down to 1464, when, in defect of heirs male, it was divided among co-heiresses. Robert, suruamed Fitz-Richard, died in 1134, leaving, by his wife, Maud, daughter of Simon de St. Liz, Earl of Huntingdon, his son and heir, Walter Fitz-Robert, who married Maud, eldest daughter of Richard de Lucy, by whom he had Robert Fitz- Walter, the second of the name, and distinguished in English history by his zealously appearing against King John, as General of the army of the English Barons, under the title of \" Marechal of the Army of God and Holy Church,\" when the famous Magna Charta was wrung from King John in 1215, on the plains of Runnymede. This Robert Fiz- Walter is credited with instituting the famous \"Custom of Dunmow.\" Mr. J. W. Savill, of Dunmow, to whom we are indebted for the successful revivals of the custom, is very strongly confirmed in his belief that Robert Fitz- Walter was the actual founder of the Dunmow Flitch, and claims for it a national interest on the great historical association connected with the", "44 that appellation is very flimsy and extremely doubtful. Mr. J. W. Savill, who has inspected all of the local churches for miles around Dunmow, has seen it, and declares it to be, to the best of his judgment, a finial or \" knotte \" * of one of the small \" crocketted\" ornaments of the old church, and of which the cathedrals of York, Salisbury and Wells, afford good specimens. The Rev. J. H. Hallett is Lord of the Manor of Little Dunmow Priory. In 1274, Roger de Saling founded a chantry in the chapel of St. Mary (the priory church), in the court of the priory, for the reception of strangers, to pray for his soul, and the souls of some other persons for ever, and endowed it with lands in Rayne. CLAIMING THE FLITCH. In answer to the remarks culled from \"The People's History of Essex,'' (see page 13 of this book) Mr. Savill states : — \" In law, the wife's identity is lost in that of her husband's, therefore there would be no necessity to name her. and. from this fact alone, there is a strong inference that she was always present, or the flitch would have been granted ex parte. DR. BELL'S NOTES ON DUNMOW AND SIMILAR CUSTOMS. In Dr. Bell's work, entitled \" Shakespeare's Puck and his Folk-Lore,\" will be found much information as to the Dnnmow Flitch. The author observes, in reference to the Custom in Germany, that in a very scarce book, entitled \" Curieuse Antiquitaten,\" published at Hamburg, in 1715, is a story called \"Der Man und die Speckseite \" — \"The Man and the Flitch of Bacon.\" Further, that at Vienna, beneath the Red Tower, before it was taken down, hung a Flitch of Bacon, to which were appended these lines : — Befind' sich irgend hir ein Mann Der mit den Wahrheit sprecken kann, Daas ihm sine Heurath nischt gerowe, Und f iircht' sich nischt vor sine Frowe, Der mag desen Backen hereunter howe which he interprets in similar doggerel : — Is there to be found a married man, That in verity declare can, That his marriage him doth not rue, That he has no fear of his wife for a shrew He may this Bacon for himself down hew. * \" With crochetes on corneres with knottes of gold.\"", "53 Slow breaks the morn o'er Asia's hoary hills, Till broad and bright Sol shakes Ids flag of flame Touching and changing all, the orient fills With shimmering haze a golden glow of fame 1 Then lake and mountain kindle fair and far O'er all a roseate hue of crimson light Eclipses nature, and the morning star Fainting with bliss pales slowly in the height ! The blushing morn that opes her am'rous arms To woe her welcome lord with sweet embrace In the fair freshness of her opening charms The dull remembiance of the night to chase Away, smiles gaily as her silent sway From peak to plain o'er all the land extends The opeuing buds expanding to her ray Till all in one sweet perfect picture blends ! Thus o'er our lives Love spreads his splendid glow, Till all the bleak and bare fades faint and far In growing distance. Thus his blossoms blow More warm and bright than Aurore's flashing car ! How sweet the mellow glow of sunny days, Embalmed in soul-subduing light of love, Where never tempest comes nor cloudlet straj's To dim the splendour of the blue above. Such the felicity that blest the lot Of two immortal in the page of fame — Two happy souls who may not be forgot, Whose lives Love's most peculiar care became ! He smiled in blessing on the joyous hour In which they met. He touched each youthful heart With his fond magic, gave them for a dower True tenderness that never shall depart. Taught by his art each virtue ever wears A heavenly garb of dear attractive grace, To them the haggard face of weary cares Seems but to frown when they do not embrace. One smile of Love abolishes the gloom, One kiss, one clasp, Love reigns and sorrow flees, The star of true affection gilds the tomb — They live to Love, they only Love to please ! To this fond pair, the Dunmow Flitch appears Unclaimed, a slight upon the holy spring Of all their joys. To them the gift endears The sacred pleasures that its teachings bring. Thrice blest forbearance ! Of domestic bliss The happy fount, they best know bow to prize, Who long renewing the sweet peaceful kiss, Have seen dread storms o'ershadow neighb'ring skies." ]

[ "®&]?, wmi* OdtAtxwiione di I sòcuciucu na città non oscura, vantaggio samente allogata , colla e pope lata abbastanza ; una città com mendevole per la sede del fa moso tempio di Giunone Argi- va cessò finalmente di essere : essa fu pur deso lata e dìstrutta ; è questo un fatto , che non può mettersi in dubbio, ma il quando, e da chi è incerto ; or questo punto è quello che conviene esaminare e chiarire. Nel silenzio della storia non bisogna dipartirci dalla costante tradizione ; or questa ci assicura che essa scomparve nel V se colo Cristiano, e solamente ci lascia in dubbio se lo fu per le armi di Alarico Re dei Goti , o di Genserico Re dei Vandali , e su di ciò divisi sono di sentimento i moderni scrittori ; nessuno però si è brigato di trovare un qualche ap poggio alla propria opinione : sembrami intanto di vederne una pruo va, benché negativa nella stessa serie, e ragionevolezza dei fatti. Perciocché osservo da una parte, che dopo il I secolo Cristiano in cui fu da Strabone rammentata Marcina , non se ne anno ulterio ri memorie , e dall' altra l' Anonimo Salernitano (1) ci attesta che il sito ove ne stava nell' Vili secolo chiamavasi Teiere ; quindi è che se tal nome sa di latinismo , si dovette da quel luogo acquistare pri ma che i Goti ed i Longobardi corrotto avessero nel VI e VII seco lo la lingua latina neh' Italia : che perciò è giusto affermare di essere nel VI secolo svanito ogni vestigio di Marcina, e neh' intervallo tra'l 11) ANON. SAL. presso il Mur. An. Chron. cap. 80.", "267 e 1331 , e dell' Ab. Ligorio del 1384. Bisogna dire però che in appresso cambiò tal sistema, poiché dopo del 1384 non più dai regi giustizieri , ma da un capitano , cioè governatore con un giu dice, ed un rnastrodatti era la giustizia amministrata, come costa dal diploma della Regina Margherita (2) con cui furon confermati alcuni capitoli esibiti da parte dell'università, i quali fari vedere, che il capitano, e giudici nominati dal governo eran diversi dal giudice, e bajulo eletti dal monastero per l'esercizio della giusti zia civile (3). Per la\" civile amministrazione l'università ebbe un capo col titolo di Sindaco, e sebbene non sappiasi come lo fu in appresso, quando partito il nostro territorio per quartieri, vi furono gli Elet ti, pure se ne' primi tempi aveva de' compagni, la distanza, numero e dispersione de' casali c'induce a ritenere l' affermativa, anche in allora, non potendo il tutto dissimpegnare una sola persona; siam però sicuri che per quanto riguardava l'annona e la grascia, il Sindaco aveva in ajuto i Catapani, che per ciascuna soda ossia quartiere veniva eletto in ogni tre mesi, dovendo pur esser conformato dall'Abate, il quale poteva escluderlo, se non lo credeva idoneo , ed eleggerlo , ove non n' era fatta Y elezione nel decorso del trimestre. Vi erano pur allora de' dazi sì regi che civici, a' quali tutti do vevan provvedere gli amministratori dell' università, ed un diplo ma del Re Ladislao del 1403 offre, che i pesi fiscali erano antiqui tus di annue once 81, tari 20 e grana 4 tassati in cedulariis , et (2) In Jrch. Reg. Cam. in reg. Reginae Johannae. (3) Nel 1290 prendeva lite in regia curia prò creatione judicum , et no tariorum in terra Cavae; I Salernitani pretendevano doversi eleggere ex co ram civibus , i Cavesi ex coram hominibus; intervenne l'Abate , e sostenne spettare a lui questo dritto ex concessione capitulorum Regni Siciliae: igno rasi a qual punto fosse il piato pervenuto; il fatto posteriore dimostra essere stato risoluto a favore del monastero , poiché esso in appresso creò i giudici e notaj , che anzi Carlo II con suo foglio diretto nobili viro Tetro de Grime militi et Vicario, et Stralig alo , ordinò che avesse impedito ogni possibile danno , che per via di fatto avesse potuto recarsi al monastero noli' eserciz.o de' suoi dritti.", "278 te , perlocchè poi il Re dispose di rimanerne eccettuata , né mai potersi vendere (4). II Lo stemma antico della Cava componevasi di quattro fasce ver miglie, ed altrettante di argento senza verun campo simile a quello di Salerno, e così pure l'aveva il nostro monastero benedettino, variando soltanto nel colore , per esser nere le fasce vermiglie , ed in mezzo di una delle quattro di argento le due lettere S. T. ( SS. Trinità ) ed il pastorale. AH' indicato antico stemma furono aggiunte le armi reali di Aragona per privilegio di Ferdinando I di Aragona: Carlo Vili poi nel 1495 donò un giglio d'oro, ma ritornato il Regno al Re Ferdinando II non vi fece più uso del gi glio , e furon conservate le armi antiche , cioè le quattro fasce ver miglie , e le quattro di argento con due pali di oro , ed altrettanti vermigli (5). IH. In men di due ore da Napoli per la strada a guide di ferro si perviene nella Cava : al punto di mettervi piede un' aere fresco e balsamico, ed un ciel ridente inebria e rallegra ; finito il sen tiero, lungo il tetro ed alto monte Albino, un ben diverso teatro si apre innanzi ; gli alti monti di S. Angelo e di Finestra coi loro boschi e selve, rigogliosi di lussureggiante vegetazione , a dritta ed a sinistra le apriche colline coperte di ben ordinati vigneti, con de'paesetti, e delle tante torri formate a modo di minaretti asia tici , inservienti alla deliziosa caccia dei palombi , presentano una piacevole prospettiva , perciocché ben disse il Mabillon : Cava in (4) Privilegio originale nella cancelleria comunale. (5) Stemmi col giglio di Francia pochi ve ne furon, ed uno se ne vede incastrato nel muro su di una porta del Casale del corpo di Cava. È però a notarsi che la famiglia Contiero abitante di Castagneto, avendo avuto l'onore nel 5* novembre 1535 di dare alloggio ali' Imperatore Carlo V, le fu accordata la grazia d' incastrare le sue armi colle proprie eh' eran quelle che già aveva della casa di Aragona." ]

[ "Wills pinx? Sopwoodf sa-Tp . THOMAS PEKHA5T ESO? Pu&Urfod June. i^ifiio by Whrt» £ <.':' ho.", "BETTISFIELD. 296 John he gave Haughton or Halghton (a house in this neighborhood) and Llai ; to Edzvard, lands in Fenns, a place likewise not remote ; and to Richard, lands in Bettisfield. Jenkin soon after fell, valiantly fighting, in the field near Shrezvs bury, against the usurper Bolingbroke. John departed from the principles of his father, and embraced the side of the house of Lancaster, in the reign of Henry VI. John Mozvbray duke of Norfolk, and Grey lord Powis, carried fire and sword through his estates in 1463, and burnt his house at Haughton ; which induced him, the year following, to make his submission to the victorious Edzvard0. All these estates are now united, and in pos session of Sir Thomas Hanmer, baronet. Writers differ about the origin of this great family. Collins, i. 412, derives it from a Sir John Macks el, who had a son, John, constable of Caer narvon castle in the reign of Edward I. The Salesbury Pedigree, p. 113, makes John Uptoni, clerk, parson of the church of Hanmer, to be the first of the family, who married Hawys, serch Anian ap Gwillem ap Gryffydd ap Gwcnwynwyn, e Salesbury Pedigree. * From the family pedigrfe, and various records, it appears that John dc Hanmere, erroneously called Upton, was not a priest; he lived in the reign of Eduard I. En.", "3$S Walls and Gates. OSWESTRY. under the patronage of the earl of Pozvis, who is also lord of this extensive manor. Part of this parish still uses the Welsh language; for which reason, divine service is in a certain proportion read by the minister in that tongue. The town was fortified with a wall and four gates. That called the Black-gate is demolished : the Nezv-gatc, the Willow-gate, and the Beatrice gate, still remain. The last is a handsome build ing, with a guard-room on both sides ; and over it the arms of the Fitz-alans, a lion rampant. It probably was built by Thomas earl of Arundel, in the beginning of the reign of Henry IV. who be stowed the name on it in honor of his wife Beatrix, natural daughter to the king of Portugal. Over the Nezv-gate is the figure of a horse in full speed, with an oaken bough in his mouth. There is a conjecture, but I will not pretend to say how well warranted, that it alluded to the ge nerous breed of horses which Powysland (of which this was part) was famous for, derived from some fine Spanish stallions, introduced by Robert de Belesme earl of Shrewsbury. The walls were begun in the year 1277, or the sixth of Edzvard I. who granted a murage or toll on the inhabitants of the county, which lasted for six years ; in which time it may be supposed they were completed. They were about a mile in com-" ]

[ "Cjj* foiunffcrs.", "- Invocation. — Bass Solo, and Semi-Chords. Spirits, whom the King of kings, Gives to watch o'er human things, Hither, from each blest abode : From the morning's purple robe ; From the solar world of light ; From the planet of the night ; From the rainbow's varied round ; From the blue horizon's bound ; Hither, borne through seas of air, Sons of life and love repair ! And now, with all that charms the eye, Our monarch's triumph dignify ! The clouds having descended and sunk, leave Juno in the centre veiled from head to foot. — Iris rising behind, lifts the veil, form- ing a rainbow the entire width of the stage and shows Juno sitting on a throne, — a diadem on her head, a golden sceptre in her right hand, the bach part of the throne, composed of Peacock feathers, spreads and sinks, discovering Mount Caucuses covered, in some parts with snow, other parts variegated with fruitful orchards and plantations, and beds of gold, crowded with Gods, Goddesses, Volunteers, and Peasants, ramping horses, lions, Sfc, painted on the wings. — Juno comes forward and sings accompanied by the full chorus. Soprano Solo. Swell the bugle's boldest note ! Let the drum its thunder roll ! And on airy wings shall float, Victoria's name from pole to pole ! Queen, of ev'ry fame possess ! Queen and Patriot, both confest ! Thy grateful Albion shall to latest days, Boll down thy glories in a tide of praise. end of the first part.", "7 For her the fairest dreams adorn, That wave on fancy's wing ; The purple of ascending mom, The bloom of op'ning spring. Let all that soothes the soul or charms, Her doubtful hours employ ; Till hope shall banish false alarms, And perfect ev'ry joy. Bark clow t>e the sa disperse and disc- magnificently illuminated saloon. — Tiie Volunteer Banquet. 3olo rD Chorus. Now comrades, around this table, Lets' quaff the rosy wine ; For stars are never able Without some aid to shine. We'll then ; bright With Bacchus light, And laurel wreaths entwine. Let none refuse Nor dare abuse A Toast we all revere — 'Tis the Queen and Volunteer ! Untainted ever be thy name Most mighty noble wine ' May traitors never know thy flame, Most mighty noble wine. The Bugles announce the general assembly while dark cloud* dope all, and as they disperse, change lo sunrise, shewing the scene of Avenues with the raised stage discovering Juno. Apollo, and Mercury, attended upon the raised stage. — Neptune, Æolus, and Brito.nnia, on tlie stage attended/ — the Volunteers form Military and Naval groups — Peasantry fill up the back- ground — -all join in the following grand Finale. Grand Fi Their Monarch to serve, or to gain their own right. True Britons never yet flinch'd from the fight. Though soldiers in truth, we are free as the Queen ; 'Tis this makes us brave, and twill ever be seen" ]

[ "10 THE CARDING-MILL VALLEY. nervous twitches round her thin lips ; her white face grew yet more deathlike. Feelings seldom stirred swayed her like a leaf. She trembled from head to foot, and there was something sadder than sorrow in the expression of her tearless eyes. Stella did not look at her, but, nevertheless, she was aware that her cousin, as well as herself, had been, and still was, unusually agitated. \" Forget what I have said, Ursula. You are quite right. I am content with my lot now, aud thankful for its tranquillity,\" she said kindly. \"Tell me, what new troubles brought you home so suddenly 1\" \" Indeed, indeed, Stella, I did not mean to grieve you. A. mother of many children like me is not always to be envied. Colonel Derinzy, though I am far from wishing to blame my husband, has his pecu liarities, and so have all his and my sons and daughters, though they are unlike us both. Thea has a thousand whims and fancies, and wanted me to ask her father to allow her to become a nursing- sister, or assistant pupil, I know'not what, in a great London Hospital! The next thing will be that she will take it into her head to be a Lady Doctor. I can't think where they get such ideas — certainly not from me or their father !\" \" No ; I do not think you ever had any such eccen tric inclinations,\" said her cousin. \" It is like a hen bringing up in her coop ducklings or game birds, or a hedge-sparrow with a cuckoo in her little nest. But I do not think Althea will develop into a cuckoo. All her instincts are kindly ones. As yet she is but groping in the dark to find her true vocation.\"", "278 THE CARDING-MILL VALLEY. every circumstance ? I confess I have thought you fellow culprits ; or, at least, indifferent to my wrongs — to my banishment, perhaps to my death.\" \" Stella, Colonel Derinzy ; — oh Hugh, they knew nothing ! Your sister never believed you guilty, but she was utterly in darkness. I must vindicate them, even if it brings on me yet heavier punishment. If Stella had ever received that cruel letter which you bade me show to her — how could you think I shoidd have the courage ? — she would have followed you to the world's end. But I could not give it to her. I was sure she would guess the truth from some of your expressions ; so I burnt it. She never read a line of it ; and as to my husband, he loves me better than I deserve; and, even now, I doubt whether he would believe a word against my truthfulness and honour. If he did, I am quite certain it would break his heart.\" \" That is the best argument you could use, Ursula. I would fain spare you from being humiliated in his eyes, and in those of your children. On one condition I will remit part of your punishment. It is that I never look upon your false fair face again. That you leave this part of the country at once and for ever. But you must give me your written con fession before we part, that it was you, not I, that framed that insulting letter ; and I must show it to my sister and to Sir Henry and Lady Balfour. In their eyes my honour must stand clear. Other opinions are of less importance, and my right to be the owner of Hagleth, and to dwell in the Halls of my", "THE CARDING-MILL VALLEY. 341 had not the remotest idea of any one to whom his unexpected remark could bear especial application. It was rather a relief when, while she rested after her pleasant quiet walk in the Vicarage parlour, she saw that her brother was completely absorbed in the plans and calculations which Leo and Althea had prepared for his consideration. Not one of the three seemed to be thinking of anything but the future comforts and advantages of the scholars, and the subordinate but tasteful consideration how well the pretty cottages Althea had drawn would look among the trees of the village. Hugh gave carte blanche for expenses, and highly approved of the plans, thanking them for the trouble they had taken. They went together to inspect the site, and when the matter was concluded her brother hastened Stella away as the November twilight was creeping on. It was very sweet to the scarcely tired woman to lean lovingly on that strong arm, but she tried not unsuccessfully to quench the selfish wish to keep his love all her own. Hugh did not say much, but he listened as reverently as he had often done when he was a boy to the words his sister murmured, as they sat down for a few moments to rest on a sheltered bench in the woodlands. \" So be it, Lord ; I know it best ; Though not, as yet, my wayward breast Beat quite in answer to Thy voice, Yet surely I have made my choice ; I know not yet the promised bliss, Know not if I shall win or miss ; So doubting, rather let me die, Than close with aught beside, to last eternally.\"" ]

[ "CHAPTER IV. THE HOROLOGE OF THE DEAD HORSE. With inquiring eye and anxious heart, I turned towards the spot where I had left my companion. To my joy, he was still upon his feet, and coming towards me. I could see blood dripping from his fingers, and a crimson stained rent in the sleeve of his buckskin shirt ; but the careless air with wliich he was regarding it, at once set my mind at rest. He was smiling: there could not be much danger in the wound ? It proved so in effect. The bullet had passed through the muscular part of the left forearm — only tearing the flesh. The wound", "ATTEMPT TO STAMPEDE. 201 escaping by flight. True, it is only a faint hope. There are many contingencies by which the design may be defeated, but there are also circumstances to favour it ; and to yield with out a struggle, would only be to deliver our selves into the hands of an unpitying foe. The last words uttered by the Arapaho chief have warned us that death will be preferable to captivity. We are sustained by another remembrance. We know that we are not the first white men who have been thus surrounded, and who afterwards contrived to escape. Many a small band of brave trappers have sustained the at tack of a whole Indian tribe ; and though half of their number may have fallen, the others lived to relate the perilous adventure. The life of a determined man is difficult to take. A desperate sortie often proves the safest de fence; and three or four resolute arms will cut a loophole of escape through a host of enemies. Some such thoughts, flitting before us, hin der us from succumbing to despair.", "227 THE ASSAULT. Is it too late to reach our horses ? Doubt less, they are already snatched away ? No matter : we cannot remain where we are. In five minutes, we must yield to the fearful asphyxia. ' No ! never ! let us die as we had deter mined, with arms in our hands !' Voices husky and hoarse make answer in the affirmative. We spring to our feet, and come together — so that we can touch each other. We grasp our guns, and get ready our knives and pistols. We make to the edge of the rock, and, sliding down, assure ourselves of the path. We grope our way downward, guided by the granite walls on each side. We go not with caution, but in the very recklessness of a des perate need. We are met by the masses of smoke still rolling upwards. Further down, we feel the hot caloric as we come nearer to the crackling fires. We heed them not, but rush madly for ward — till we have cleared both the cloud and the flames, and stand upon the level plain !" ]

[ "Gold 83 the family. She also had her own maid, a plump little Javanese woman, who was continually surprising her by her strange ways and postures. Marie soon found that her uncle was very proud of her. He liked to \" show her off,\" as he said, and he was perpetually wondering to whom he would marry her. She was free to teach his children as much or as little as she liked, as long as she came to meals looking cool and pretty, and spent her evenings in the front gallery receiving and entertaining his guests ; and as Dutch-Indian visitors make visits of an hour or two, this last was often the most irksome of all her duties. He asked no questions as to how she spent the rest of her time, nor did he seem to mind how she spent his money. \" Order what you like for yourself or the monkeys \" (his daughters), he would say, when the question of dress arose. \"Get something dashing and stylish from Paris, so as to cut a figure in the place, and turn all the ' nonnas ' * green and yellow with * Nonna, the native name for an unmarried lady, and the European title for half-caste women.", "Gold 119 she would tell her uncle, and implore his help in the matter; the next, she shrank from confiding her secret to him. She knew so weU what sort of jokes he would make if he heard that she wanted to go to Jan. At last a happy idea came to her. \"I wiU go to Vera,\" she thought, \"and teU her everything.\" By the time the children's lessons were over, the \"rice table\" was ready, and after that she did not Uke to provoke remarks by going out in the hot after noon, when aU wise folk slept. She tossed restlessly on her white-curtained bed for an hour or two, trying to sleep. At last her round-eyed maid brought the tea, and she knew that she was free to go unnoticed to her friend. She found Vera in her studio, finishing a portrait of her brother. It was very like, only the pictured face was firmer and more powerful than the real one. \"It is what he wiU be ' afterwards,' \" his sister thought. To Marie's disappointment Serge was also in the studio. He sprang up to meet", "Gold 142 mountains to speak of. As you know, mountains run right through Boeko; but those of Bwoolo were very low, though the land rises gradually from the shore. The natives told us that there was a big lake in the midst of the forests, which was haunted by the spirits of the conquered Moaites, and guarded by a monster centipede. But they always tell strangers bunkum of that sort to frighten them away, though, indeed, they are dread fully afraid of ghosts themselves.\" \"But what do you mean by the con quered Moaites?\" \"Why, those Bwoolo folk seem, some hundreds of years ago, to have come up from the south in great canoes, and to have founded this new kingdom right in the heart of Moa, which seems to have been a pretty civilised sort of a place. I have seen old grave-cloths in New Moa with Hindoo figures on them, so I conclude that they had some means of communica tion with that source of ancient civilisation, the Hindoo race. Well, this invasion led to a war, and there are still many legends about it which it is very difficult to get" ]

[ "THE REBECCA RIOTER. 93 Hughes leant over the man, ancl felt if his heart was beating. \" I was not think he dead neither,\" answered he, after a pause; \"but, and if he were, it is better so than for he to be alive and swearing to us at the next sessions. And us have got his money whatever.\" \" AVell, us have got what us did want then, so there shall be no more use to stay here longer,\" said Tom, looking nervously round ; \" be quick, man, do, and come you away before someone shall come now.\" \" Take you the saddle and bridle off the horse first,\" returned Hughes ; \" it will be pity to let them go when us do have the chance of them. And stop you while I do see if he have a watch about him too, for, when a bit of luck do come in our way, us may so well as not make the most of it.\"", "THE REBECCA RIOTER. 157 but she is no guide for us. AVe are not cold-blooded English ! AVe belong to AVales, to that wdd AVales, which, in days gone by would be ruled by none but her own native princes, and long flung back every attempt of the English tyrant to grind her under his heel. Have we degenerated ? Have we grown so mean spirited and tame as to be no better than dogs that cringe and fawn on the master who strikes them ? Never be it said of us that we are so unworthy of our forefathers ! Let us not endure injustice and insults, but let us rise against our oppressors. Surely the spirits of our ancestors will be with us, and will encourage us to victory. Let us join together as one man and destroy every turnpike ! Let our deeds speak for us, and declare that we will no longer endure the wrongs that have been done io", "208 THE REBECCA RIOTER. delight with Avhich the broken pieces of Avood were tossed on to the fire. I think we must have looked more like fiends than men. But we dared not stay long. We knew that the fire would be seen from far around, and that the pike-keeper would take the alarm wherever he went ; and that, therefore, the sooner we scattered and returned to our homes the better. So after a few Avords from the leader to congratulate us on our success, and to tell us to be ready to come at a moment's notice when Rebecca should Avant us, ancl to warn us to be perfectly secret about our movements, Ave broke up, and dispersed in different directions — Tom Davies going off with Beynon to a safer district than Killay would be for him." ]

[ "A COMEDY. 15 SIR CHARLES. Be content : I have it not about me. LADY TRANSIT. Search your pockets. SIR CHARLES. I never carry letters in my pockets. LADY TRANSIT. Oh yes, on such occasions, when you come Express on a commission, you would bring it. SIR CHARLES. Now why should you desire to see a letter Which 'tis so natural for a man to burn As soon as he has read it ? — A mere start Of fond effusion from a doting wife To a devoted husband. LADY TRANSIT. Ah, that 's true, That's Very true: — You are so fond a husband, And your dear lady such a darling wife ; — Upon my word, Sir Charles, I will not be Your goddess any longer — not, at least, Your household goddess. There you must excuse me; And so, good morning ! When I see your lady I'll pay my thanks to her. [Exit. SIR CHARLES. The vengeance ! will you r That will be perfectly mal-a-propos.", "68 A HINT TO HUSBANDS : } Servant enters. SERVANT. My lord, Sir Charles Le Brun, and Mr. Pliant [Exit Servant. Sir Charles Le Brun and Pliant enter. SIR CHARLES. Lord Transit, may we speak to our affair Before this gentleman ? LORD TRANSIT. He'll answer that. TREVOR. If there is no objection — SIR CHARLES. None whatever. Your lordship has been pleas'd to treat my name With undue liberty before my friends Sir Harry Sumner and this gentleman, Who has reported to me what you said, And what no man of honour can put up with, Unless by revocation most express, And unequivocal, you shall recall it. LORD TRANSIT. Sir Charles Le Brun, our conference will be short For if that gentleman sits at my table, And chooses, in defiance of the rights Of hospitality, to recollect Words utter'd in the heedlessness of talk, I am not careful to correct my speech Under the terror of his information, Nor shall recall one syllable 1 spoke.", "92 A HINT TO HUSBANDS : LADY TRANSIT. What did that look imply ? It seem'd lifee pity ; it might be contempt ; They are allied too nearly. Did I not Come here unsanction'd by my father's leave ? And can I wonder if chastising Heaven Provides a punishment for disobedience ? O Trevor, gallant friend, what wou'd I give That thou wert now beside me ! Ha ! who's that ? Sir Charles Le Brun appears. SIR CHARLES. A friend as gallant, and'not less dispos'd Than Trevor to protect you. Fear me not ! Whilst you are silent, you are in no danger ; If yon cry out, you bring destruction down On all around you, and perhaps this chamber Shall float with your unworthy husband's blood. LADY TRANSIT. Sir Charles Le Brun, I set you at defiance. I find that innocence can feel no fear; That conscious virtue buoys my spirit up, To meet your menaces with firm contempt. Why should I cry, when there are none to hear? When you, whose heart no pity can approach, Have barr'd your doors from them who might have felt it? SIR CHARLES. Yrou do me wrong : you wrong the truest friend That ever sacrifie'd his heart's best feelings To pity, to respect, to love for woman. Y'our faithlers husband spurn'dyou from his door?, I open'd mine — You 've enter'd, and arc safe." ]

[ "A SKETCH OK NEW SOUTH WALES. BY J. 0. BALFOUR, Esq. FOR SIX XEARS A SETTLER IN THE BATHURST DISTRICT. LONDON: SMITH, ELDER AND CO., 65, CORNHILL. 1845.", "68 FEMALE CONVICTS. tralian community, would not again have returned to their crimes. Convict servants who misbehaved were brought up before the neighbouring bench of magistrates, and, on their crimes being proved, were sentenced to receive fifty or a hundred lashes, if their offences were slight; but if their guilt was of a more fla grant character, they were sentenced to be worked in chains in the road gangs, for spaces of time pro portioned to the magnitude of their offence. Female convicts were assigned immediately on their landing, as house servants, to respectable married applicants : they were also entitled to the indulgence of \" tickets-of-leave \" and \" conditional pardons ;\" but among women \" dest le premier pas qui coute,\" seems to be very apposite, — it is at least so among the female convicts of Australia ; and few, if any of them, have either improved in morality, or have been found deserving of the slightest indulgence. On conviction of misdemeanours, female convicts were removed from private service, and placed in confinement in the Paramatta Factory, where they were, and still are, kept employed in manufacturing a cloth which, although of a coarse description, is now almost universally worn in the interior. Wealth, all-powerful as it is, has not been able hitherto to efface a very strong prejudice, and line of demarcation, which has all along been observed by the emigrant settlers towards the emancipists and their descendants. The rich emancipist, although a shrewd man, is perfectly illiterate, and his children,", "118 REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. items, such as those of tolls on roads and ferries, which in 1843 were carried to the general account, will in 1845 be transferred to the District Council. The ways and means, as prepared by the Auditor- General, show an expected revenue of 290,280/. \" No contribution can, I fear, be expected from the crown revenue in aid of the ordinary revenue during the year 1845, as not only is the whole ex pense of the survey department now thrown upon the Crown revenue, but it is further burthened with a debt on account of immigration, which will proba bly amount to from 80,000/. to 100,000/. sterling by the end of the present year.\" Again : \" The estimates of the police are framed upon the principle laid down in the 47th clause of the Act for the government of New South Wales, namely, that one-half of the expense of maintaining the police shall be defrayed out of the general funds of the colony, the other half by local assessments.\" The finance message concludes with — \"I also submit to the consideration of the Council, a supple mentary estimate for the service of the present year, amounting to 12,845/. ls. sterling. I have reason, however, to hope that a considerable portion of this estimate will be covered by savings on the estimates already voted for 1844.\" Although this is the only allusion in the Governor's message to the expenditure of 1844, it is to be in ferred that the abstract of the revenue and expendi ture of 1844, will, when it does appear, show a balance in favour of the former of that part of the" ]

[ "CONTENTS. VI CHAPTER VI. PAGE CONTAINING MUCH CORRESPONDENCE .... 138 CHAPTER VII. POOR BARBERRY ! . . . ... 165 CHAPTER Vin. LOST IN THE SEA MISTS . ..... 192", "A MATTER-OF-FACT GIRL. 26 may lay one broad hand on his knee. \"Dinna ye trouble aboot the fairm. I'm wishing every day ye would leave it a' to Tom. The lad has a gude head on his shoulders ; an' though the place is a bit big for him now, that's easily mended, for ye'll no be forgetting Mr. Gleddall has made a downright offer for the lang meadow and the bit waste land beyond, an' that'll be a gude roun' sum for us an' take a hantle o' care off my heid. Why, even wi'out Phil, Tom culd guide the rest as lichtly as no, an' you just sit easy in your arm chair an' tak tent o' yourseef as I'd be fain to see you for the rest o' your days. Nay, man, if a' on the fairm went as well as a' wi' the fairm is doing this summer I'd say thank the Lord an' be glad.\" \" An' what's wrong then ? \" the farmer asks with some testiness ; very little, for", "166 A MATTER-OF-FACT GIRL. neighbourhood. Indeed, it is with a de cided feeling of relief that, after wandering round the outside of the house, and even entering it, in search of somebody of whom to make inquiries, he comes at last upon an old man engaged in whitewashing a scullery in the rear, and appeals to him for information. \" Isn't this Farmer Brown's place ; or have he and his family left it ? I was told they lived here.\" \" Aye, an' ye'll be richt ; but they're a' awa' the noo.\" \" Away ? How's that ? Are they living elsewhere ? \" \" Eh no, sir ; no for gude, that is. The family are but gaun doon to young Mr. Souter's fairm, to get ower their trouble a bittie ; an' have the entire hoose cleaned an' deesinfected.\"" ]

[ "220 LETTERS FROM have created those mountain torrents so beautifully and faithfully described by Mrs. Grant, as they issue down the dark sides of the hills, appearing in the sun beams like liquid silver. The cottages throughout the whole of this district are built of turf, the roof covered with weeds and grass, which appear at a distance like so many black mole-hills,* and certainly gives a most comfortless idea of the lives of these gimple people, who, as I have before remarked, glide through the world, if strangers to its luxuries, happily and virtuously, while their more easy neigh bours are oppressed with many cares, of which they are totally ignorant. Here, much of the primitive highlander remains. — The influence of lucky and un lucky days is regarded with the most religious superstition. — If it chances to ram on a Friday morning, they never expect sine weather until the Friday fol lowing. * I find thai Pennant made a similar remark.", "342 APPENDIX. Then did this youth, day after day, His search for her renew; Nor pass'd the stranger on his way, But ask'd if he her knew. Oh, have you seen fair Bessy Bell, The flower of woman-kind? Oh, gentle stranger, can you tell, Where 1 this nymph might find ? Her hair is like the threads of gold, Ty'd with a ribbon blue; Her frame was cast in beauty's mould, With Nature's likeness true. Then would he to the winds complain Of his hard destiny ; Or breath'd his plaint in mournful strain, Or sad soliloquy. Oh love ! my everlasting foe, And cause of all my pain ; Must I the sweets of life forego, And waste my youth in vain F Oh ! hear my plaint, ye pow'rs above, And mitigate my woe ; Oh ! had she known how much I love. She had not left me so. The dove may take a morning flight, And leave her mate to mourn ; But long before the fall of night Will to her nest return.", "352 APPENDIX. The abbey ground, from north to south, 190 paces ; from e^st to west, 113 ; enclosed with a stone wall, 18 feet high. Abbey Church, the length, 275 feet ; the breadth of nave and side aisles, 70. The length from the entry to Cross Church, or the transept, 150 feet. — Length of Cross Church, 170 feet. No. VIII. Majoris Hist. DalrympWs (Lord Hade's) Ann. vol. i. p. 41. \" Sainct Margaret died in the Castle of Edinburgh, the 10th of June. Her body wras carried with royal pomp to Dunfermling. Alexander the Third caused her bones to be put into a chest of silver, enriched with pre cious stones, after many prayers and solemn processions, and placed it in the noblest part of the church. During the troubles of the Reformation, the coffin wherein her head and hair were inclosed, was carried to the Castle of Edinburgh, and from thence transported to the manor-house of the Laird of Dury, who was a reverend father, priest and monk of" ]

[ "42 Dies Land gehörte zum Bisthum des Rimbertus und er war gerade dort, als die Normannen zurückkehrten. Ein großes Heer der Christen stellte sich ihnen bei der jetzigen Stadt Norden entgegen. Der Bischof hatte sie durch Predigt und Mahnung ermuthigt. Es kam zu einer blutigen Schlacht. Während der selben lag Rimbertus in der Nähe der Wahlstatt auf den Knieen und betete. Ein glänzender Sieg ward über die Normannen er fochten; viele derselben, welche ihr Heil in der Flucht suchten, wurden an den Flüssen eingeholt und getödtet*). Im Ganzen blieben 10,377 Normannen in dieser Schlacht und Flucht. Die ungewöhnlich genaue Angabe der Zahl könnte die ganze Nachricht verdächtigen, aber sie ist durch unsere zuverlässigsten Geschichts quellcn beglaubigt. (H.6. Li-ßiu. 1, 35. IÜ8b. Li-sm. 71.) Noch lange zeigte man den Hügel, auf welchem Rimbertus gebetet hatte und behauptete, es bliebe der Rastn dort grüner, als anderswo. Man wollte auch den Stein kennen, auf welchen er betend seine Hände gestützt hatte. Im Anfange des vorigen Jahrhunderts wußte man von der Lage des Hügels nichts mehr, aber man zeigte vor der Kirchthür in Norden einen Stein mit zwei Vertiefungen, welche die Knie des betenden Bischofs hineingedrückt haben sollten. (llui-Ksui-olit Oozbi'i-. Ooi-zpronFic. p. 147.) Wie denn die Volkssage so gern Wunder sieht und erzeugt. Das Schlachtfeld selbst, einige tausend Morgen groß, ist der Vergessenheit durch ganz besondere Erb- und Pachtrechte entzogen, welche mit diesem Lande, Isellanä, verbunden sind. Der Ursprung dieser Eigenthümlichkeit ist etwas dunkel. Es giebt mehrere Ab handlungen ostfriesischer Rechtsgelehrter über dcn kleinen Bezirk, auch eine Reihe von Urkunden im Archiv zu Aurich und Stade, welche sich sehr gut ergänzen. Als das Wahrscheinlichste stellt sich heraus, daß dem Rim bertus nach dem Siege für sein erfolgreiches Gebet das Schlacht feld selbst von der dankbaren Bevölkerung geschenkt wurde. Eine *) Ueber diese Niederlage, die größte, welche jemals die Normannen erlitten, schrieb Rimbertus einen Brief an feinen Freund, den Erzbischof Lmtbert von Mainz. Die Jahrbücher von Fulda (Hn, ?ert2 1, 400) enthiel ten denselben, aber gerade da, wo sie sagen, „der Brief lautet also:\" ist eine bedauernswerthe Lücke in der Handschrift. Das ist recht Schade, denn der Bericht eines Augenzeugen würde sehr anziehend sein.", "85 In seinem unmittelbaren Sprengel war er eben so thätig. Bei rein geistlichen Einrichtungen fand er darin keine Schwierig keit, aber so wie die Ausübung hoheitlicher Rechte in's Spiel kam, traten ihm die sächsischen Herrscher und Grafen entgegen. Dies wiederholte sich immer, denn ihre Besitzungen waren in der ganzen Provinz zerstreut. Man darf aber nicht glauben, daß es allein Herrschsucht war, welche den Adalbert trieb, allen fürst lichen Einfluß zu verdrängen, es wirkten auch menschliche Gefühle mit, denn die Herrschaft jener weltlichen Gebieter war hart und rücksichtslos, sie drückte das Volk; die geistliche Regierung war schonend, und suchte den Unterthanen zu helfen, wie sie nur konnte. Das war Marime ihrer Herrschaft, aber es war auch AdalbertS eigene Neigung. Er konnte gewissenlos sein, eS kam ihm zuweilen auf ein böses Mittel nicht an, er scheute keine Ge waltthat, um seinen Zweck zu erreichen — aber für sein arme« Volk hat er immer ein Herz gehabt. „Er war ein Vater der Waisen und ein Richter der Wittwen. Wo es die Noth erfor derte, bewies er sich als der thätigste Verfolger, auch der Aller geringsten.\" Der Anfang des Streits zwischen den sächsischen Fürsten und dem bremischen Erzbischof lag nicht in unserm Lande, sondern jenseits der Elbe, bei den Slaven. Hier hatten sich die Erzbischöfe nie weltliche Macht angemaßt, aber sie betrachteten die Nächstlie genden Slaven als das Feld ihrer besonderen Missionsthätigkeit. ES waren ihre geistlichen Kinder, Wo aber die Bischöfe das Kreuz predigten, dahin kamen auch die Herzöge mit dem Schwert. Sie besiegten daS Volk, bestraften hart jeden Versuch der Empö rung und drückten die Slaven mit schweren Abgaben. DaS war den Erzbischöfe« ein bitteres Leid, welche« sie mit Kummer und Unwillen duldeten. Was Allen eine Last gewesen war, ward dem Adalbert unleidlich. Fortwährende Streitigkeiten erhoben sich und wurden bald in unsere Provinz verpflanzt. Die Hoheits rechte des ErzbischofS wurden von den Grafen als eine Anmc» ßung betrachtet, sie bestritten deren Ausübung, sie erschwerten die Einnahmen der geistlichen Stiftungen und legten ihrem Gegner so viele Hindernisse in den Weg, als sie nur konnten. Dieser Zustand ward dem Erzbischof zuletzt unerträglich. Plötzlich und ohne Jemandem seine Absicht kund zu thun, reiftte er an den kaiserlichen Hof. Er mußte sein Vorhaben verhehlen, denn es wäre fraglich gewesen, ob seine Gegner ihn ungefährdet", "159 Heinrich VI. mit dem alten Herzog eine persönliche Zusämmen tUtlft, auf welcher die Aussöhnung erfolgte. In Folge dieses Vertrages wurde auch der Erzbischof der Reichsacht entledigt und in seine Würde und Rechte wieder eingesetzt. Er kehrte nach Bremen zurück. Seine Partei daselbst war schwach und bestand nur aus Geistlichkeit und einigen Adligen. Die Bürger waren aber heftig gegen ihn erbittert, denn er hatte eS mit dem Herzog gehalten. Sie warm damit umgegangen, ihn abzusehen und Waldemar, den Bischof von Schleswig, an seine Stelle zu berufen. Dazu hatten sie nun freilich weder das Recht noch die Macht, aber die Bürgerschaft fühlte sich jetzt schon kräftig genug, ein Wort mitzureden. Es sollen schon Münzen mit dem Bilde Waldemar's geschlagen sein, aber diese Nachricht ist aus anderen Gründen wenig glaubhaft. Die Bürger hatten bei der Verurtheilung Hartwig's vom Kaiser den Befehl empfangen, die erzbischösiichen Einkünfte zurück zuhalten. Darauf beriefen sie sich und stellten nun die Behaup tung auf, Hartwig sei vom Kaiser noch nicht wieder zu Gnaden angenommen. Das ließ sich aber nicht schnell darthun, denn der Kaiser war noch in Süditalien. Der Erzbischof Adolf von Cöln nahm sich Hartwig's an uud bewirkte durch Briefe und Voten wenigstens so viel, daß er an seinen geistlichen Amtsverrichtungen nicht länger gehindert wurde. Aber die Einkünfte wollten sie ihm nicht gestatten. Graf Adolf von Holstein, welcher nun Stadc in Besitz hatte, nahm sich des Erzbischofs kräftig an. Er hatte sich schon früher für seine Rückkehr verwandt und reisete persönlich nach Bremen, um den Stielt auszugleichen. Er gab darin den Bürgern Recht, daß sie bis auf ausdrücklichen Befehl des Kaisers die Einkünfte zurückhalten dürften. Der Erzbischof, schon lange gereizt und auf gebracht, wurde durch diesen Ausspruch aufs Höchste erzürnt, nannte den Grafen in's Gesicht einen Räuber kirchlicher Güter und verlangte von ihm die Rückgabe derselben bei Strafe des kirchlichen Bannes. Auf solche Begegnung war Graf Adolf nicht gefaßt gewesen, er war mit redlicher Absicht nach Bremen gekom men; daher legte er Berufung an den Papst ein. Hartwig aber rief seine geistliche Umgebung zum Rathe zusammen und es ward beschlossen, alle seine Gegner in den Bann zu thun, den Grafen und dessen Vogt, die Stadt und alle Widersacher. Weil die Geistlichen es mit ihrem Vorgesetzten hielten, so hatte der Bann" ]

[ "Dolt Wynyard's Revenge. 46 ' Very likely, but as we have not yet come to that stage of her perform ances, you must let me continue the catalogue of her merits. She is amus- O ing—' ' Humph — occasionally, and when there is a man in the case whom she fancies she can turn to account.' 'But her singing! Surely you cannot deny her that gift ? She has such a perfect ear, and her voice is very pleasant' ' As pleasant as it is passionless. There is no more seeling in it than in a canary bird's chatter. I have sung with her fifty times at least, and I know her repertoire by heart. There Avas an Irish chap in the 57th — he is dead now, poor fellow — who was over head and ears in love with her, but she •found out that besides a longish purse —", "DoU Wynyard s Revenge. 122 conclusion that Geoff could only have known these distressing particulars from the sufferer herself, and she at once (suspense being just then unendurable to her) asked him if this were not so. But his ansAver completely dispelled her doubts. ' If I had ever loved poor Winifred, she might have made me her confidant ; but she unhappily appealed for pity to a scoundrel who professed to adore her, and, therefore, I say that death in the Welsh lane would have been a better lot for her than the one which, alas ! she chose.'", "CHAPTER XI MRS COVENTRY REALISES AN OLD PROVERB. T was late in the afternoon. The shadows both of people and things were lengthening, and the pointed roof of the old pigeon house was being brightly burnished by the low-lying sun. Helen had succeeded in gaining, without her maid's assistance, the old-fashioned couch which stretched along the window-sill, and, being now comparatively free from pain, was en joying the soft freshness of the early autumn air. She had determined not" ]

[ "11 nur an den Versuch, die Geschwindigkeit eines Stromganges zu berechnen , wohinein z. B. wie in das Stammsiel vom Ferdinan dusthor bis zur englischen Kirche, gegen 500 Hausstele und ohn gefähr 25 Nebenstele, mit verschiedenen Gefällen und fortwäh rend wechselndem Wasserschatze münden, so wird Einem der Ge danke zu einer solchen Berechnung schon vergehn! Der gesunde Verstand würde bei Anlage von Sielen wohl be rechtigt sein so zu folgern : mache ich einen Ausfluß aus einem Siele niedriger als den Einfluß in dasselbe, so wird das, was ich oben hinein gieße, unten schon wieder herauskommen. Bei schlammigtcn oder gar ablagerungsfähigen Substanzen aber wird, wenn nicht durch Abschließung ein Druck erreichbar ist (wie bei Dückern) eine gleichmäßig geneigte Ebene des Bodens zur Fortspülung des Nie derschlages erforderlich sein. Diese Neigung oder das Gefälle muß um so stärker sein in solchen Sielen, welche nicht stets, oder doch in oft wiederkehrenden Perioden mit Wasser gefüllt sind, durch welches die leichteren Theile schwebend erhalten werden. Herr Lindley hat deshalb auch sehr richtig Marsch- und Geestsiele unterschieden, und den letzteren ein steileres Gefälle gegeben. Marschstele haben nämlich fortwährend Ueberfluß an Wasser, Geestsiele hingegen Mangel daran. Nach diesen einfachen Ver nunftschlüssen hat man seit der Ndmerzeit Siele gcbauet, die mei sten in London. Hauptsächlich nach den daselbst gemachten Er fahrungen hat Herr Lindley das Gefälle seiner Siele angelegt. Nichts desto weniger ist von Männern, welche sich als Autori täten betrachten, behauptet worden, daß Hrn. Lindley's Siele weder naturgemäß für Hamburg, noch nach wissenschaftlichen Grundsätzen angelegt seien. Nicht naturgemäß! Herr Lindley hat, bevor er seinem, schon vor dem Brande erhaltenen Auftrage, die Siel-Größen und die Siel-Tiefen für Hamburg zu bestimmen, irgendwie nachge kommen ist, ein Nivellement der ganzen Stadt vornehmen lassen, da ein solches, zu unserer Schande müssen wir es bekennen, noch nicht vorhanden war. Erst nachdem er hiernach das Terrain zu", "14 wenn auch die jetzige rasche Ausdehnung unserer Sielanlagen und die allein dadurch zu erreichenden Vortheile der Luftverbes serung in den Städten, bei uns in Folge des großen Brand unglückes, und nicht wie anderwärts, hauptsächlich durch die Für sorge der Aerzte hervorgerufen worden ist, so steht es doch nichts desto weniger zu erwarten, daß auch von dieser Seite, und na mentlich durch unsern Gesundheitsrath, zur Fortführung der Siele in den nicht abgebrannten Stadttheilen hingewirkt werde. Bei der sich jetzt hier rasch verbreitenden Anwendung von Waterclosets , welche zur Einrichtung abgeschlossener Wohnungen in oberen Etagen fast unentbehrlich sind, würde in den Geest districten, ohne die Freiheit der Privaten, die Abflußrohre aus den Häusern in die Siele münden zu dürfen, die Abscheu erre gende Eristenz der Kothgruben nur noch verschlimmert und ver theuert werden. Denn die in den Gruben aufzufangenden Stoffe werden durch die Zuthat des Wassers in den Waterclosets bei nahe vervierfacht. Man würde also die Gruben um so öfterer, mindestens jährlich einmal, zu reinigen haben. Wer die Unan nehmlichkeit solcher Reinigungen im eigenen, oder auch nur im Nachbarhause, und selbst in ziemlich entfernter Nachbarschaft er lebt hat, wird nur mit Entsetzen daran denken können. Und jede solche Reinigung kostet ohngefahr 30 A. In den an Flethen gelegenen Häusern ist es aber nicht min der wünschcnswerth , die Bewilligung zu erhalten, seine Abzug rdhren in die Siele münden zu dürfen. Denn mit dem Fallen des Wassers auf Null und früher schon laufen die Flethe trocken, alsdann friert im Winter bei der bisherigen Entwässerung in die Flethe der Ausfluß der Haussiele zu, gehemmt wird hierdurch die Benutzung der (_losets und sämmtlicher Wasserausgüsse, und demzufolge sind gewöhnlich diese Einrichtungen schadhaft geworden. Münden hingegen die Hausausflüsse in die tiefen Straßensiele, so theilt sich deren Wärme selbst erponirterem Rdhrenwerk im Hause mit, und ist dasselbe leicht auch während des Frostes im Gange zu erhalten. Wie aber sollten die landwärts gelegenen", "l6. fern errichtet, deren Oberfläche um fast 10 Fuß tiefer als die Straße liegt. Nun ist die Dachfläche dieses neuen Gebäudes be deutend, wo soll man mit dem von ihr aufgefangenen Regen bleiben? Unter der Erde giebt es durch eignes Gebiet keinen Ausweg. Nur durch kostspielige Aussicht und Abschließungen während der Frostzeit, oder durch Nachbarsgrund nach niedriger liegenden Straßen hin wird ein Abfluß zu bewerkstelligen sein. — Für die obige Anführung, daß in den niedrigsten Theilen der Stadt das Drängwasser von den Höhen und nicht von der Was serseite komme, erinnere man sich der nur sehr flach eingehenden Keller auf der Esplanade und im neuen Iungfernsiieg. In einem Keller daselbst, dessen Fußboden kaum 5 Fuß unter dem Pflaster liegt, wurde dieser Fußboden aufs Vorsichtigste mit großen Kosten mit einer in Eement gemauerten Schicht ausgelegt. Das Dräng wasser hob denselben und drang durch die Fugen. In die Alster konnte man es nicht leiten, da dieselbe oft höher stieg, nur durch das Pumpen eines im Hofe dahinter angelegten Sodes konnte man sich des Wassers entledigen, und es zeigte sich nun deutlich, daß die Alster beim höchsten Stande keinesweges durch den Straßendamm dringe. Die meisten Häuser am neuen Iungfernsiieg leiden durch Drängwasser. Ein vor einigen Jahren erbautes Siel läuft hinter ihnen weg von Böckmann's Grund bis zur Theatetstraße , aber es liegt zu hoch und das Drängwasser muß hineingepumpt werden. Die Schwierigkeit, und bisher oft die Unmöglichkeit, wasserfreie Keller zu erhalten, sind der Grund, weshalb in un sern hochgelegenen Gassen so viele Häuser mit hohen Haustreppen versehen werden mußten, den Hausbewohnern eben so unbequem, als den Vorübergehenden lästig. Wie sieht es ferner in vielen Gegenden unserer Stadt auf den Gassen aus, woselbst die zahlreichen Bewohner daranliegender Gänge ihr Schmutzwafscr ««.zugießen angewiesen sind? Wie, wenn der Frost die gefärbten Brühen standfest macht? Man denke an den Schaarmarkt, an die Nieoernstraße, an den Ebräer gang, an den Schulgang u. f. w. ! Das Wegschaffen des Schnees kostet alljährlich nicht halb so viel, als das Wegschaffen derarti gen Eises. Ueberhaupt ist es der Frost, welcher den Wunsch nach unterirdischen Sielen in Hamburg noch viel dringender macht, als in dem weniger kalten London." ]

[ "A Duke and no Duke 7 Ot Tufcany 'till my return ; your Power I leave unlimited, keep open Ear To juft Complaints: Allow and A (51 no wrong; Lookclofely to our Prifoner Brunetto. , Alb. So may your wifli't Return be fafe and fpeedy. Lav. Sifter, your tears afflict us; a few Weeks Shall grace our Court with the fair MilUnefe. Lead on, 'tis time we were upon our way. [Exeunt. SCENE. A Defan Enter Trappolin. Trap.HpHis banifht life is very doleful What an'inhu • Jt .mane Duke waschistobanlfh me, that never banifbt him? At every ftep I take, my poor Flametta comes into my mind : She met me at the Towns end, and would fain have come along with me, but thatfctold her (he was not baniftit, and might not. Methinks this is a very melancholy place! I havenpt met a living Body yet, but they had wings- or four legs. Let me bethink me where to betake my felf, I would to Borne, and turn FriaY, but that I have too much Learning. A man of my Occupation might once have finger'd the Polux Ryals in Venice, ; but now the Gentry go a more compendious way to work, and Pimp for one another •, 'tquite (poils all trading. [ Soft Mufic in the Air.\"] What found is this < Sure this place muft needs be haunted: This with a good Dinner were fomething, but as it is, itfeels as if they were playing upon my fmall Guts. £ Storm and Thunder.] So now, my airy Fidlers are fallen out amongft themfel ves • I lik'd", "A Duke and no Duh. 23 MykSuhjects minds when I was gone- Dye know me i Barb. The Duke of Florence our -moft gracious Mafter. Lav. Are not youcall'd- B.irberino, you Albert*), My prudent faithful Counfellours to whom I left the Government ofTudpany <? Alb. We are your Loyal Subjects, tho' your Prifoners. Lav. How came you fo ? Barb. Great Sir, Your felf knows well : T was only for obeying your Commands. Lav. By Heav'n a general Plot up^n^ my Wits •, X~ Tell me the meaning, jeft not with rm/ Rage, I charge you do not, therefore tpeak fenfe to me -, Or on your naked hearts I'le read the (Riddle. Alb. Alafs! what fhall we lay ? Great Sir, you know That none except yourR^f/elf could do it, And to your Sacred Juff.ee we appeal How far we have delerv d. Lav. Perdition;! Furies ■-, • 7, . Where will this end i Gods j I (lull burft ' wtih Choler. Be merciful good Fieay'o,and give7m1e Temper. Alb. Amen goocr Heaven r Ifear the fatal want. Lav. Some Frenziehason the poor1^re.t)ch^:sTeiz'ctj y> Or elfe they durft not^hus to tempt ra^ Indeed I was toobr-amein threatningfyp,u, Who fo much need , my pity; My good Lords, I do befeech you to collect your Wits, . . , . And tell me gently how you came in Prifon. Barb. By the Profperity oVTush.ny Your Highnefs left us there. i_ Lav. When did I foC Alb. The felf fame time you went in Perfon thither to free Brunetto, Lav. The felffame. time that I went, thither , TofreeBrtinetio :' \"Death, whom ? What Bnwetto ? Barb. Your Prifoner taken in the Mantnan Wars. lav, The more I fearch, theinore I am confounded, Quite loft within a Labyrinth of wonders. Gods ! how he fpe^ks, as if all we were mad, And he had done nothing. Lav. I will yet have patience : Tell", "A Duke and no Duke. 31 SCENE Draws, and Shews Trappolin afleep, Flash of Wine by him. Trap. ¥ T THat a Princely Nap have I taken ! ButasI V V remember I was to have gone to ray Dutchefs, or dreamt fo. Give me a Bumper. xa t j , C Barberino 4^ Alberto r^r.] My Lords at large again ? Barb. Long live your Highnefs. Trap. Amen. Alb. And happily. Trap.. Amen for that too. But my fmall Friends how came you hither ? I thought you had been under Lock and Key. Barb. Alafs J he Lrelaps'd as bad as ever. Trap. Sirrah Captain, Why kept you not thefe Vermin up till I bid you let them out ? Capt. So pleafe your Grace, I did. Trap. Will you lie Raskal to my Princely Face ? [ He throws Capt. Gods ! will this humour never leave him ? Wine in his Barb. We muft in again. Face. Trap. To Kennel with them, walk my good Lords Banilhers, your Honours know the way. Along with them. Trugh ! trugh! Alb. There is no remedy. [ihey are carried off. Trap. Thus far I take it, we have kept the Government in good Order , now for my Dutchefs, lead to her Graces Apart- ment. £ Officer enters. ] Off. Embaftadours from Savoy defire admittance. Trap. What are their Names ? Off. Sir, I prefum'd not to enquire. Trap. Then what's their Bufinefs? Off. That Sir were worfe preemption. Trap. Thou infolent Varlet, What a Vulgar Fellow doft thou take me for, to fpeak with Strangers before I know their bufi rieb?" ]

[ "A Letter to Mr. Addison, on 2 \" Long have we flruggled in a glorious Caufe, To guard Religion, and fecure our Laws. In vain we taught th' ambitious Gaul to yield, And reap'd the Harvefl of each bloody Field: Abroad Triumphant, ftill new Dangers rofe From home-bred Faction, and inteftine Foes: Whom ev'n againft their Wills the Hero faves, With Freedom wretched, happy if but Slaves. This Wl L LI A Mprov'd, when to our Aid he flew, And his proud Rival trembled, and withdrew. Infernal Arts were fruitlefsly employed ; The Kingdoms, which he refcu'd, he enjoy 'd. Alcmena's Son, thus, fpite of Juno, gain'd Thofe Stars, and Heav'ns, which he had once fuftain'd. Such were the Bleffings paft, and yet we owe Our prefent Tranfports to the dead Naffau; He bravely vow'd the Wonder to compleat, And make our Joys as permanent, as great. With prudent Caution, and Paternal Fears, He weigh'd the diftant Fates of future Years; Then faid, when //A?A7/4fhall her Breath refign, Succeed thou Glorious Hannovertan Line ! There I dare truft my Sons, the Father cry'd, And having fix d Britannia's Blifs, he dy'd. May ever-fpringing Flow'rs his Tomb adorn, And Nations praife him, who are yet unborn ! Now", "A Letter to Mr. Addison, on 8 O happy Britain! blefl with her Defires, Bleft with a Monarch, whom the World admires ! O happy Monarch ! who his Subjects fees Inclin'd by Choice, and not Conftraint, to pleafe ! In vain the proud Triumphal Arches rife On lofty Columns, 'till they mate the Skies: Not him the proud Triumphal Arches move, His nobleft Triumph is his People's Love. We evYy Art induftrioufly employ To paint our Paflion, and defcribe our Joy. Each tuneful Son of Harmony prepares His fweeteft Mufick, and his foftefl Airs. Old Age, tranfported, feels a youthful Fire, And, trembling, ftrikes the long-neglected Lyre. Poetick Youths their Infant Pinions try, And every callow Mufe attempts to fly. Ev'n thofe, by Nature not defign'd to Sing, Who never tafled the Caflalian Spring, Forgetful of their unperforming Parts, In homely Doggrel vent their honeft Hearts : At the high Theme they impotently aim, And facrifice to Loyalty their Fame. While dext'rous Virgins nobler Arts purfue, And with old Glories interweave the New : Watch", "A Letter to Mr. Addison, on 12 O! On Orfords Name obedient Tritons dwell, And lowder yet provoke the founding Shell. Who fhall the brave Argyles Deferts proclaim, In Years flill blooming, but mature in Fame? His quick Difcernment can all Chances weigh, Fierce without Fury, without Wildnefs gay. Here, Cowper's Mufick Crowds attentive draws, There, Nottingham afferts Britannia's Laws. While Parker judges, bafe Oppreflbrs flie, No more the Widows weep, or Orphans figh. To Calls of Honour Stanhope's Arms obey, Conqueft flill follows, and adorns his Way. Or if the Statefman rather would appear, The willing Senate lends a lifl'ning Ear. Had the fam'd Tally thus been form'd, of old, Dreadful in Camps, as in Aflemblies bold; Not Eloquence inglorioufly had bled, The Warrior's Arm had fav'd the Patriot's Head. Though the long Series flill proceeds in State, And my Strength finks beneath the growing Weight, To Sunderland a Verfe I muft decree, Though hence he carries all the Arts with Theei O'er bleft Hibernia fhall his Reign diffufe New Joys: a Theme for thy exalted Mufe." ]

[ "History of Cilgerran. 94 period no one who has a knowledge of the parish will doubt ; which is also satisfactorily testified by the enormous quantity of human bones which have been from time to time disinterred near Forest, during the erection of the present edifices, as well as by the discovery of cannon-balls, of wrought iron, in the fields adjoining and intervening between the castle and Forest, which evidently were manufactured during that time ; and hence, for my own part, I am inclined to give more credit to this version than is generally due to such traditions. Now, however, that those tumultuous days are over — that friends and foes are united — that Welsh, Saxons, and Normans are one nation, enjoying the same privileges, subservient to the same sovereign, and subject to the same laws — this time-honoured fortress has lost its primary functions, and has been divested of its feudal importance, and remains only a lasting memorial of a great national struggle. What formerly afforded shelterage to military forces and safety in times of war is now habited only by the drowsy bat and the nocturnal owl, who flap their noiseless wings through the twilight air over places hallowed by the asso ciations of the mysterious past. \" The turrets o'ermantled with ivy around, Shall echo to music no more ; No longer the chords of the harp shall resound ; And the carol of gladness is o'er.\" But notwithstanding we are prone to deplore the Fates that have so ruthlessly dealt with this relic of bygone ages, yet there is much cause for rejoicing ; for the adjoining fields, once desolated by bloodthirsty war, under the blessings of peace are cultivated, and yield forth sustenance to man and beast. \" Now on the place of slaughter Are cots and sheepfolds seen, And rows of trees, and fields of wheat, And apple orchards green ;", "History of Cilgerran. 132 tendent of the Ordnance Survey, he was appointed one of the assistants in that great work. Entering at once on his duties, he justified the expectations formed of him, by the intelligence and conscientious activity which he brought to the work of surveying. He was on a tour of inspection in Cornwall in 1803, when he lest his left hand by the bursting of an old pistol, and suffered at the same time such a fracture of the skull from a fragment of the barrel, that he felt the effects of the accident for the rest of his life whenever he attempted any long-continued mental exertion. Though the loss of his hand was a hindrance to the active dis charge of his duties, Colonel Mudge was so well satisfied of his merits, that he kept the young lieutenant permanently attached to the Survey. \" In 1803 Lieutenant Colby was observing at Dunnose, one of the prominent parts of the survey ; in 1804, at Beaumaris ; and in 1806, with the zenith sector at Burleigh Moor and Delamere Forest. The winter months he passed in the 'Drawing Room ' at the Tower, computing and preparing the results for publication, and superintending the construction and engraving of the ordnance maps on a scale of one inch to the mile. So thoroughly was he identified with that great national work, that the history of the one becomes, in a great measure, the history of the other. In 1807 Colby was promoted to the rank of captain. The third volume of An Account of the Trigonometrical Survey of England,' was published in 1811, and his name appearing jointly with that of Colonel Mudge on the title-page showed how highly his services had been appreciated by his chief. In 1813 it was determined to extend the meridian line into Scotland, a task which called out in an especial manner the energies for which Captain Colby was remarkable. Within the next three years he visited and observed at the principal", "History of Cilgerran. 187 The Established Church has fairly and bravely stood all the storms and tempests of the past ; has scathelessly survived the contentions from within, and the open enmity from without, and yet remains the principal means of reforming the world. To what degree her ministers might have slept in olden days — how ever reckless of their charge they might have been, the present generation knows not. Now, however, a spirit of activity pre vails, and the Church increases daily throughout the principality. And in this parish, through the untiring energy of the present worthy rector, the Church has considerably gained ground, to the deterioration of dissent (which is evidently on the wane), and the number of communicants is yearly increasing. May it go on increasing more and more ! METHODISM. The following account of this persuasion is translated from the \" History of Methodism,\" by Hughes. \" It is reported that Howel Harries1 paid a visit to this place soon after the dawn of Methodism in Wales, and that his mission was not fruitless. His preaching was so pointed, and such an air of authority pervaded his discourses, that his hearers fell insen sible to the earth, \" stricken with awe and fear.\" Some gave up their avocations, beheving that the end of the world was at hand. Harries subsequently paid another visit, preaching the good tidings of a Saviour of sinners, strengthening the contrite in spirit, and comforting the sorrowful, so that all that heard him returned to their callings with lightsome hearts. \" It is presumed that there were some true to the cause from 1 The founder of Methodism in Wales — a native of Trevecca, Breckonshire, born 1714, a.d., was destined for the Church, but changed his mind. For a full account of his life, see \" Rees's History of Noncomformity in Wales.\" Pp. 358 — 407." ]

[ "116 THE RED RAG. change had come o'er the spirit of your dream. You wanted to make the amende honorable in a neat little speech about retracting your previous bad opinion of his profession. By the living Jingo, AVarriner, my boy, I was never so surprised in my life as when I saw vou come into the drawing-room the guest of my old friend ! Anyone might have knocked me down with a feather.' ' AVhat an opportunity I lost !' growled Air. Buddlecombe. ' I'd have expended the con tents of my last pdlow in the cause.' ' I am sure,' said Warriner; with excessive politeness, ' that a profound sense of gratifica tion would permeate through all ranks of the British army could they only know how they have risen in the estimation of the worshipful Mayor of Puddleton.' ' Does he mean that now for impudence or not ?' mentally reasoned Air. Buddlecombe. ' Impudence, I should think. I'll confront impudence with dignity.' With this intention Air. Buddlecombe assumed an attitude much affected by old gentlemen when standing on their dignity— that is to say, he pulled up his shirt-coUar with one hand, placed the thumb of the other", "344 THE RED RAG. Airs. Buddlecombe, who, with the somnolency of old age, had gone off into a quiet little doze. ' Something's up. My new assistant's so busy.' ' Neiu assistant indeed !' said Mr. Buddle combe, glaring on the speaker. ' AVhy, he replaced you as butler about twenty years ago. ' ' It's no use asking what's up, for they never hear you,' continued old Spigot. ' I'll give 'em another chance, though. I'll just ask this once.' Going up to Air. Buddlecombe, Spigot applied his mouth to his once revered master's ear and shouted in any but reverent tones : ' What's up ?' ' Bolitho,' said Mr. Buddlecombe, who knew from experience the futility of any ordinary vocal effort to reach the questioner's senses, ' let us make one last attempt to enlighten this old beetle. Come here, I've a plan.' Mr. Bolitho willingly lent himself to the scheme, and the two old gentlemen retired to a corner of the room, where for some minutes they were busily engaged in twisting up a couple of newspapers to act as speaking trumpets. ' I never speaks to 'em nowr,' resumed Spigot", "TEMPORA MUTANTUR. 347 trumpets like hot potatoes, the two old fellows hastened to her side. '0, where's my smeUing - bottle ?' gasped Airs. Buddlecombe. ' I thought it was the CT Afghans.' • AA'ell,' said Spigot, still looking intently before him, ' I've w*aited long enough. I ought to have known I'd get no answer. But 1 CT mustn't blame 'em, poor old stoopids. They can't give answers if they don't hear no ques tions. How could they ? Hullo !' suddenly exclaimed Spigot, cocking his head very much on one side Uke a sagacious old parrot, and holding up a finger. ' HuUo ! I heard a phi drop somewheres. Some of them maids down stairs, I suppose. It wTas a hair-pin too, what they skewers then fal-lals on to their heads with, I should say by the sound of it. Untidy hussies ! I'U go and wake 'em up a bit. Ala king a chap jump with their row ! I'll make 'em jump with a corkscrew.' AVith this bloodthirsty intention Spigot shambled off, and he had scarcely left the room when a peal of joy-beds clanged and clashed from a neighbouring steeple. ' Ah ! that means the regiment has just marched off from the station,' observed old" ]

[ "3 The places, and the annual motion of the superior planets are designed in the Zodiac, according to the true proportion •f their course in their orbits. The colures which divide the four seasons, are marked at the two solstices of summer and winter, and at the two equinoctial points, as well as the pole of the ecliptic, at 23 J degrees from the pole of the world, or from the equinoc tial colure. Those who wish to make themselves acquainted with the slcy, by the means of this new Uranographia, stiould, at first, examine attentively every object contained in it, such as the twelve months of the year, and every constellation, traced under these months) on each of the meridians, par ticularly those whose configuration is most remarkable ; as for example (Ursa Major) or the Great Bear, of which the seven most beautiful stars present, by their dispositions, a parallelogram, having one of its sides prolonged and curved, which may be called the tail of the Bear, and the parallelogram, its body, or a part of it. This constellation is called vulgarly the David's car The Swan (cygnus) of which the five most striking stars have some appearance of a long cross, of which the four extremities may be considered as the ends ofthe two wings, of the beak, and of the tail of the bird. Orion, one of the finest constellations, of which the five most shining stars being joined by lines, form two inverted cones, and resemble a clepsydre, or hour glass ; this con stellation is remarkable also for three fine stars on the fame line, called the Three Kings, and situated on the equi noctial linr. Scorpio, of which the principal stars connected together, resemble a paper kite. Corvus (Raven) of which the four principal stars form a trapezium. b a Taurus'", "7 or three hours before ten; bring these 45 degrees to the well, or the ri^ht hand of the meridian, which answers to the 15th of January, the point of the compass will fall upon 43 degrees of the equator ; upon this point 43 degrees, draw in the map a line parallel to the other meridians; this new line will indicate to you that the constellations which pass at seven o'clock on our meridian, the 15th of January, are, Eridanus, the last stars' of Cetus, Aries and Perseus. But if, instead of seven o'clock at night, you want to see the constellations on our meridian, at one o'clock in the morning, or three hours after ten the fame night, you stiould have brought the point of your compass towards the east, or the left hand of the meridian of the 15th of January, with the fame opening of the compass of 45 degrees, and you would have found that the constella tions on the meridian of the 15th of January, at that time, are, Hydra, Cancer, and Lynx: and even without a compass, it is sufficient to count at the top, three hours sooner or later, to the right or to the left, and you will find the meridian and the situation wanted. Amongst several interesting uses, to which this map might be employed, I will confine myself to the following. To know at what time any star whatever will pass on pur meridian at a fixed day. If, I suppose, yon wish to know particularly the Nova, or changing star of Cetus, tp observe it the first of January on the meridian of London, and to know consequently at what hour it will happen to be there that day : you see in this map, that it is the 25th o.f November that that star of Cetus., marked ° passes at ten o'clock on this meridian ; take, with a compass, the stiortest distance from this star °, to the meridian of the first of January ; bring that distance upon the division ofthe hours, and seeing that it gives 2 hours 30 minutes, take that quan tity from 10 hours, there will remain 7 hours 14 minutes,", "8 for the time when the Nova of Cetus will be on the meridian the first of January. Or, if you wish to know at what time Syrius, the finest star of the sky, will pass on our meridian the aoth of De cember, you see in this map that Syrius, in the south or inferior division, corresponds to 6 hours 37 minutes, and that the 20th of December corresponds to 4 hours; the difference is 2 hours 37 minutes; and as the 24th of Janu ary (the day on which Syrius passes on our meridian at ten o'clock) is subsequent to the proposed day (the 20th of December); add the 2 hours 37 minutes to ten at night, then 12 hours 37 minutes is the time of the passage of Syrius, on our meridian, the 20th of December, with a few minutes difference, according to the exactness which can be expected from measures taken on maps. I hope, after these examples and details that the less learned persons will be able to use this map with more facility than any other, and particularly than the globes; and that the learned will find it very convenient for their common practice, as well as for their demonstrations to students. This map applied to a proportioned cylinder, is a com panion for my geographical column. With these two columns, all geographical and astrono mical problems, the use of the globes, &c. can be resolved. Because they shew, both ; the vertical, and glo bular projections, and contain the universal sea charts, as well as celestial and terrestrial maps; with which the sky and land may be observed, and compared in many different and new aspects, some of them extremely pleas ing, and convenient, by the advantage of the vertical meridians, &c. Printed by Henry Rcynell., No. z\\, PLcaddiy. -" ]

[ "AT SIR WILLLAM HUNT'S. 7 \" Well, mamma, you must endeavour to keep out of his sight while they are in the neighbourhood. In a short time he and Lady Hunt leave again, and then all danger will be over.\" \" For the present ; only for the present. Oh, my child, what will become of me ? I shall never know peace again.\" \" You may know it better than I shall,\" thought Mary sadly. \" Sir William might recognise your singing; take care of that,\" said Mrs. Mayne. \" He heard it, you know, that day \" \" Yes, I know,\" interrupted Mary, with a shiver. \" Mamma, I shall not be likely to sing where he can hear me.\" \" You must never sing again,\" cried Mrs. Mayne, almost fiercely in her eagerness. \"It was most imprudent to sing to Godfrey. To let him know that you have such a voice.\" \" I don't see why. He will not talk of it. I dare say I shall not sing to him again. And now, mamma, I shall tell Lydia to bring you some tea, while I go and take off this grand dress. After that I will read to", "IN THE MOONLIT GALLERY. 59 \" I beg your pardon if I have offended you,\" he said in a cold, proud tone. \" But you mistake me. Did you ever have a sister, Miss Dixon ? I believe not. Well, I have one : my dear little sister Isabel. This was her room ; and sometimes I have heard sobs of distress from her in her girlish troubles just as I now heard them from you ; and I have come to the door here to com fort her — to see what I could do for her. I had no other thought now. And for that I humbly crave your pardon. I am not quite mad. Good-night.\" He went quickly along the gallery towards his own room. Mary Dixon gazed after him until he was out of view, a strangely softened expression on her face, and a piteous look in her tear- dimmed eyes, as if it was hard to be so cruel to this well-meaning young man, who wanted to be kind to her. \"I cannot help myself; I cannot help myself !\" she murmured plaintively, a fresh flood of tears streaming forth. \"Oh, merci ful God, Thou knowest all my miserable plight ; all my helplessness !\"", "WITH THE DETECTIVE. 263 \" Is Mr. Cattermole in ?\" said he softly. \" Yes, sir. He is writing his letters.\" \" Will you ask if he can see a messenger from his cousin ?\" Nancy stared. \" I — I don't understand.\" \" No, no ; women are not expected to do so. Do as you're told, Nancy.\" She went into the parlour, and exchanged a few words with the occupant in a low voice. Then Godfrey heard a voice which made him start, prepared though he was. It was un doubtedly that of the man he had heard talking with Sir William. \" Take away the lamp, Nancy,\" he was saying. \" I have finished writing, and the light hurts my eyes.\" \"If that be to keep up the delusion that you are a simple-minded artist, my friend, you are taking unnecessary pains,\" thought Godfrey. Nancy came out and showed him in. The room was almost dark. \" I hope you don't mind this semi-obscurity, sir,\" said the man, rising and offering Godfrey" ]

[ "COUSIN MARY. 154 always stand between her and its penalties. But if this was their feeling, they were at least very kind and liberal in this final setting out, which also was her own doing or her husband's doing, and no way suggested by any desire of theirs to get rid of her. And her aunt and the girls urged upon her the necessity of writing, and keeping them fully informed of all that happened. \" Write every week,\" said Mrs. Prescott at the Hall ; \"if you don't make a habit of it, you will fall out of it altogether. Now, Mary, remember, once a week.\" \" Don't let us hear of the new babies only through the newspapers,\" said Mrs. Prescott at the Rectory. \" Oh, Aunt John, of course I shall write every week, or oftener. Oh, Aunt Hugh, how could you suppose such a thing ? and perhaps there will be no more babies,\" Mary said. She was a little, tearful as she bade them all good-bye, remembering then, with a touch of compunction, how kind they had always been ; but all the same she was radiant, setting out upon", "COUSIN MARY. 228 Mrs. Mills looked keenly at her from the other side of the table. She seemed to examine the girl's pale face with questioning eyes. She came in every morning while they were at breakfast, for orders, she said, but there were never any orders to give her. She suggested what there was to be for dinner, if the ladies pleased ; and the ladies generally did please, though Miss Hofland, to show her independence, would make an alteration now and then. \" It's cheerful to hear the clocks when one can't sleep,\" said Mrs. Mills, as if it were possi ble that she could have heard Rhoda's question. \" And in this quiet place there is nothing else to hear, unless one was to believe the stories of the ghosts about the place, and there's not much sense in them.\" \" I beg you won't speak of anything of the kind before Miss Rhoda ! \" cried the governess, sharply. \"And you, Hetty, you're trembling, you silly child ! \" \" N — no, Miss Hofland,\" Hetty said ; but her", "296 COUSIN MARY. cow. I can't say I believe in the cow. Oh, how her poor eyes stare ! Do you believe she doesn't see, though she stares so? Hetty! oh, shake it off, darling, shake it off! If you will only make an effort ! \" \"What is the use?\" said Mrs. Mills. \"She can't hear you. If she could, it would be bad for her to be roused so. Young Darrell is very clever, they say ; he'll do all that can be done.\" \"He looked as if he knew what it was \"Oh, hush, here he is coming back! don't let him hear you,\" cried the housekeeper, and then the colloquy came to an end. But the case was not so simple as Miss Hofland thought. No power of making an effort remained in poor little Hetty. Her previous terrors, which had been chiefly of the imagination, had under mined her strength. She had no longer any force to resist this overwhelming horror when it came. Whether it was her intelligence which had been killed by the blow, whether she were only stunned" ]

[ "10 sion, which seems hitherto unaccountably to have escaped attention. Debating societies have of late become so fashionable, and so well attended, that it is of the utmost importance to inquire into the effect likely to be produced on the public mind by the speeches of ingenious, learned, eloquent, and insinuating men, such as the orators at these places are usually found to be. It is possible, Gentlemen, that you have an ticipated me in this affair, and that the late at tempt to suppress the discussions at the Lon don Forum, was the effect of your discreet suggestion. 03 I am aware, that there are persons who con sider debating societies as vox et praterea nihil, but there are also others who regard them as hot-beds of sedition, fostering the growth of infidelity and treason. Having heard much of these literary societies, as they are frequently styled, I determined to judge for myself, as to their merits, the first opportunity which pre sented itself; and lately, travelling in the neighbourhood of Manchester, I saw a large posting-bill on the walls, announcing the en tertainment I so longed to witness. I accordingly paid my shilling, and took my seat. As I had no previous idea of the na-", "XVIII ficial observer, there seemed no other way of accomplishing this desirable ob ject than the one he has adopted, of using italic characters, (which has the advantage of brevity,) or of following the example of a learned and loft^ editor of modern poetry, who has very considerately spar ed his readers the trouble of thinking, judging or seeling for themselves, by giv ing laconic notes upon almost every line ; in the prosecution of which ingenious idea, all the typographical marks or re ferences are pressed into the service of each page. By consulting the note on the passage to which * is affixed, we learn that it is pathetic ! i is simple and affect ing ! % delicate ! 1 sublime ! Sec. Sec. Sec. This is certainly a most ingenious thought, and is probably capable of great and important extension. Applied to novels for instance, it would be of es sential service, as the great mischief of such publications arises from the circum stance of the reader's often feeling in the wrong place, which would be entirely prevented, by their consulting the notes", "24 Miss Lispit in another speech, full of point, and which would have taken admirably; however, the first lady could not utter one word, but sat down blushing as usual ; upon which, Miss Lis pit having a better memory than judgment, ac tually delivered the reply to what the first lady should have said ; however, it was very well re ceived, and I am sorry you will not hear her this evening. Fickle. So am I ; how happens it ? Schemer. Why, to tell you the truth, (tho' I do not wish it to go any farther,) she has taken a little sentimental excursion with an orator of congenial soul; a young gentleman, who spoke with so much feelino; and animation on the subject, \" Whether man or woman was the most ■useful member of society r* that there was no re- sisting it ; but when they have settled this point, they will return, I hope, as the absence of the lady is a serious loss to me. The evening after the affair, knowing that she could not he present at our debate, I provided a little boy, six years old, wrote a speech for him, which, after having several rehearsals, he delivered from one of the forms. Here, I confess, I was for once out in my calculation of the taste of my audience, as it did not take at all ; but that it should have failed, it is still unaccountable to me." ]

[ "7 V&l Ten. Sir Tho. No. Heel. Hird-harred \"Jew. Vat. F.ve, Sir; for I itan't go without some Money. St Tho. Not a Sow fe trom me. Hett. One, Sir, that we may dine; for I am sure my Ma^ ster has nor a G oar, by his Humility. Sir Tho. No ; if you are hungry, go sling a merry Main for your D.nncr. Heet Ah, Sir, I never „was fo well bred: Besides, I hate trusting to Chance for my Food. Sir To I admire you have liv'd so long with your Master. Then, Look'ee Valere, get you to Angelica: Out with your Uncle, and you fhm'r want Money. In the mean time, Sirrah, do you get me a List of his Debts. Heet. Yes, Sir. There's some hopes I may come in for my Wages. f Aside. Val. Sir, I obey you in every thing— —-and sly to Angelica. Heark'ee, Raical, get me some Money, or 1 will cut your Ears off (Aside to Hector.) (Exit. Heet. Money! Mercy on me ; where fhal! I get it ? Well, I think I am bewitch'd to him. (Exit. Sir Tho. If I can but reclaim my Child, and match him to Angelica, I shall date the happiest part of my Life from this Moment. Enter Cogdie. X?og. Sir your most humble Servant ; is not your Name Valere e Sr Tho It t5, Sir. Cog. Sir, I came to offer you my best Service. Sir Tho In what, p<av. Sir? Cog Sir, ( am Master of all forts of Games, and live by thai noble Art. My Name is Cogdie call'd by some Count Cogdie. Sir Tho. He takes me for my Son; I'll humour it, and hear What the Ro^ut has to fay. ' A/ide' Well, Sir, what then? Cog Hearing of y«tft ill Fortune at Play, I came out of pare Generosity to teach you the management oithe Die, Sir", "23 Sir Tho. Richard Scrape, who's he ? Heft. Y'our most humble Servant, Sir {Bows.) Sir Tho You, why, is not your Name Heftor} Heft. Ay, Sir, that is my Name de Nove • My Master thought Richard founded too clumsy for a Gentleman's Valet and a Gamster so, Sir, he gave me the Name of Heftor from the Knave of Diamonds. Sir Tho A very pretty Name- — I admire he don't call his Mistr^s Pallas from the Queen of Spades but, how came you so rich, Sirrah, to be able to lena your Master Money ? Heft. Why, when the Dxe has run well, my Master wou'd now and then tip me a Gainea, Sir. Sir Tho And so you supply 'd him, when he wanted, with his own Money : Oh, Extravagance ■ Heft. ' Tis what many an honest Gentleman is drove to some times. Sir. Sir Tho More shame for 'em Go or Heft. Secondly, Sir, here is due to Jeremy Aron, Usurer by Profession And Jew by Relgion. Sir Tho Never trouble your lclf about that, I (hall pay no Usurer's Debts, I assure you. If eft. Then, Sir, here is two hundred Guinea's lost to my Lord Lovegame, upon Honour. Sir Tho. That's another Debt I shall not Pay. Heft How, not pay it, Si> why, Sir, among Gentlemen, that Debt is look'd upon the most just of any : You may cheat Widows, Orphans, Tradesmen without a Blush— but a Debt of Honour, Sir, must be paid—- — I cou'd name you some Noblemen that pays no Bod ■ yet a Debt ot Honour, Sir, is as sure as their ready Money. Sir Tho. He that makes no Conscience of wronging the vhoseGood.N hive been deliver'd for his use, can have no pietence to Honour whatever Title he may wear But to the next. Heft Hf-eistheTayler's Bil' <he Milliner's, Hosier's, Shoemaker's, Tavern, and Eating House, in all, 300/. Sir Tho. A sine Sum, truly. & Heft.", "37 Dor. Now, M adam, are you convinc'd - — — Will you yet accept a Heart devoted only to your Charms ? Ang. No more of your Fustian 'tis unseasonable, don't provoke me to use you worse than good Manners will allow ; I respect your Age, but hate your Dor. Well, Scornful Maid, take up with your Gamester, do ; you'll be the first that repents it : And so farewell. [Exit. Ang. Oh / my too constant Heart, Canst thou still hold the Image of this Faithless Man And yet methinks I'd fain reclaim him I'll try the last Extremity. For when from IQa Proselite we gain, The Goodness of the aft rewards the Pain ; But if my honest Arts successless prove, To make the Vices of his Soul remove, T '11 dye or rid me from this Tyrant Love. I The End of the Third Act. ACT" ]