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https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/program-search?f%5B0%5D=program_tag%3A647 | <urn:uuid:8a412ce1-c4fc-4bc0-a145-f9c419391eec> | 0 | UNK | [
"Listen to New Voices on Studs Terkel our partnership with 826CHI-here! Read the Story\nShowing 1 - 15 of 26 results\nAccording to Richard Barnet's book, \"The Rockets' Red Glare: When America Goes to War: The Presidents and the People,\" most people kept to themselves and didn't talk to one another about anything. Barnet talks about how the government would use propaganda to get people interested and thus backing the government with going to war.\nMarya Mannes discusses her book But Will It Sell?, published in 1964. Mannes talks about American life and consumerism.\nMarya Mannes talks about her book But Will It Sell?, published in 1964. Mannes talks about American life and consumerism.\nAuthor Laurence Shoup discusses his book, \"The Carter Presidency and Beyond: Power and Politics in the 1980s,\" and explains how President Carter came to be elected. He describes the Trilateral Commission and other groups created by corporations and the richest American families to lobby. the government. He also discusses the Carter presidency and his double-dealing with major issues such as unions and regulating big businesses.\nContent Warning: This conversation has the presence of outdated, biased, offensive language. Rather than remove this content, we present it in the context of twentieth-century social history to acknowledge and learn from its impact and to inspire awareness and discussion. In his book, \"Feiffer on Nixon: The Cartoon Presidency,\" Jules Feiffer tries to give his readers his take on politics and the government. In addition, through his descriptions of the cartoon panels, Feiffer offers his explanations of who President Nixon was.\nHistorian James McPherson discusses the his book, \"Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era.\" McPerson explores the American Civil War and introduces some Civil War music. He talks about black soldiers, photography, and reconstruction. Content Warning: This conversation has the presence of outdated, biased, offensive language. Rather than remove this content, we present it in the context of twentieth-century social history to acknowledge and learn from its impact and to inspire awareness and discussion.\nHistorian James McPherson discusses the his book, \"Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era.\" McPerson explores the American Civil War and talks about some Civil War music. He also discusses the reasoning behind the Civil War and some of the key figures during that time and how many songs came to be written about the battles and leaders.\nDiscussing the book \"Black Lives, White Lives: Three Decades of Race Relations in America,\" (published by University of California Press) with the author, sociologist Bob Blauner.\nDiscussing American democracy and interviewing Henry Steele Commager. Commager is an eminent historian who published an annotated version of Alexis de Tocqueville's \"Democracy in America\".\nInterviewing the director of the Center for Defense Information (CDI), retired United States Navy Admiral Gene La Rocque. Founded by La Rocque in 1972 as an independent monitor of the military, the CDI is a private, nongovernmental, research organization.\nEqbal Ahmad and Muhammad Yunus discuss the current state of East and West Pakistan with Studs Terkel. Topics of discussion include current food shortages, United States intervention in South and Southeast Asia, military rule in Pakistan, cultural differences between East and West Pakistan, and the human toll resulting from the military government, disease, and natural disasters. Includes an excerpt of a recording of Shanta Gandhi telling a story about an audience member’s response at the end of a play she performed during the Bengal Famine.(Wav ID: 1863201-3-1, 3-2, 3-3)\nAuthor Douglas Dowd discusses topics from his book \"Blues For America: A Critique, A Lament, and Some Memories,\" including war, religion, and American history.\nDelving into their Irish immigrant backgrounds is what makes Doris Kearns Goodwin's book, \"The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga\" stand out from other books. Although they had wanted to settle on a farm in the West, the Fitzgeralds ended up in Boston. Goodwin talks a lot about Rose Fitzgerald and her husband, Joe Kennedy."
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https://tedshome.net/do-i-need-a-modem-to-get-wifi/ | <urn:uuid:4b009815-82ac-4668-9e1f-edecef716cad> | 0 | UNK | [
"In today’s digital age, Wi-Fi has become an indispensable part of our lives. We rely on it to stay connected, work, entertain, and communicate with the world. But have you ever wondered how Wi-Fi actually works? Do you need a modem to get Wi-Fi, or can you somehow magically conjure up a connection without one? In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into the world of modems, routers, and Wi-Fi to provide you with a clear understanding of what you need to get online.\nWhat is a Modem, and How Does it Work?\nA modem (modulator-demodulator) is a device that connects your home or business to the internet via a broadband connection. Think of it as a bridge between your local network and the vast expanse of the internet. The modem’s primary function is to convert digital data from your devices into analog signals that can travel over phone or cable lines, and then convert the received analog signals back into digital data for your devices to understand.\nThere are several types of modems, including:\n- DSL modems for digital subscriber line connections\n- Cable modems for cable TV connections\n- Fiber modems for fiber-optic connections\n- Mobile hotspots for cellular networks\nThe Modem’s Role in Wi-Fi\nNow that you know what a modem does, let’s explore its relationship with Wi-Fi. In a typical home or business setup, the modem is connected to a router, which is responsible for distributing the internet connection to your devices via Wi-Fi. The router takes the digital data from the modem and converts it into a radio signal, which is then broadcasted as Wi-Fi.\nModem vs. Router: What’s the Difference?\nMany people use the terms “modem” and “router” interchangeably, but they are two distinct devices with different functions.\n- The modem connects to the internet via a broadband connection and provides a digital signal.\n- The router takes the digital signal from the modem and converts it into a Wi-Fi signal for your devices.\nThink of it like a supply chain: the modem is the supplier of internet goods, and the router is the distributor that gets those goods to your devices.\nCan I Get Wi-Fi Without a Modem?\nIn short, no, you cannot get Wi-Fi without a modem. Well, not exactly. While it’s possible to have a Wi-Fi connection without a modem in your home or business, there are some caveats.\nPublic Wi-Fi Networks\nYou can access public Wi-Fi networks at cafes, libraries, airports, or other public hotspots without needing a modem. These networks typically have their own modems and routers, which provide internet access to users. However, these connections are often unsecured, which can put your devices and data at risk.\nMobile hotspots, such as those provided by cellular carriers, can also give you Wi-Fi without a traditional modem. These devices convert cellular signals into Wi-Fi, allowing you to connect your devices to the internet. However, these connections are usually limited by data caps and slower speeds compared to traditional broadband connections.\nSome devices, like smartphones, tablets, or laptops, can connect to Wi-Fi networks without needing a modem. However, these devices still rely on a modem and router at the other end of the connection to provide access to the internet.\nDo I Need a Modem to Get Wi-Fi at Home?\nIf you want to set up a Wi-Fi network in your home or business, the answer is a resounding yes, you need a modem. The modem is the gateway to the internet, and without it, you won’t be able to connect to the internet or set up a Wi-Fi network.\nTypes of Modem Routers\nWhen shopping for a modem, you’ll often come across devices that combine a modem with a router, known as a modem router or gateway. These devices simplify the setup process by providing a single unit that connects to the internet and distributes the connection via Wi-Fi.\nModem Router Type | Description |\nSingle-Band Modem Router | Supports one frequency band (2.4 GHz or 5 GHz) and is suitable for smaller households with few devices. |\nDual-Band Modem Router | Supports two frequency bands (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) and is ideal for larger households with many devices. |\nTri-Band Modem Router | Supports three frequency bands (one 2.4 GHz and two 5 GHz) and is perfect for extremely busy networks with many devices. |\nIn conclusion, a modem is an essential component for getting Wi-Fi in your home or business. While it’s possible to access Wi-Fi without a modem in certain situations, a modem is necessary to establish a reliable and secure internet connection. When choosing a modem, consider your internet service provider, the number of devices you need to connect, and the type of modem router that best suits your needs.\nRemember, a modem is the foundation of your Wi-Fi network, and investing in a quality device will ensure a fast, secure, and reliable connection for years to come.\nWhat is the difference between a modem and a router?\nA modem is a device that connects to the internet through a physical connection, such as a coaxial cable or fiber optic cable, and converts the signal into a digital signal that can be understood by your devices. A router, on the other hand, is a device that takes the digital signal from the modem and distributes it to multiple devices through Wi-Fi or Ethernet cables.\nIn other words, a modem is responsible for bringing the internet into your home, while a router is responsible for sharing that internet connection with all your devices. You need both devices to access the internet, but they serve different purposes and are not interchangeable. Some internet service providers (ISPs) offer a single device that combines the functions of a modem and router, but these devices are not as common.\nCan I use my router as a modem?\nNo, you cannot use your router as a modem. While some routers have a built-in modem, this is not the same as a standalone modem. A router with a built-in modem is typically designed to work with a specific type of internet connection, such as DSL or cable, and may not be compatible with other types of connections.\nAdditionally, a router with a built-in modem may not provide the same level of performance and reliability as a standalone modem. If you’re looking to upgrade your internet speed or switch to a different type of connection, a standalone modem is usually a better option. It’s also worth noting that some ISPs may require a specific modem model or type to work with their network, so it’s always best to check with your ISP before purchasing a modem or router.\nDo I need a modem if I have a fiber optic connection?\nIf you have a fiber optic connection, you may not need a traditional modem. Fiber optic connections use light signals to transmit data, rather than traditional cable or DSL signals, so a traditional modem is not necessary. Instead, you’ll need a special device called an optical network terminal (ONT) or a fiber modem, which converts the light signal into a digital signal that your devices can understand.\nHowever, you will still need a router to distribute the internet connection to your devices. Some fiber optic providers may offer a combined ONT and router device, but these devices are not as common as traditional modems and routers. It’s best to check with your ISP to determine the specific equipment requirements for your fiber optic connection.\nHow do I know if I need a new modem?\nThere are several signs that you may need a new modem. If your internet speed is slow or unreliable, it could be due to an outdated or faulty modem. Additionally, if you’ve recently upgraded your internet plan to a faster speed, you may need a new modem that can handle the increased bandwidth.\nAnother sign that you may need a new modem is if you’re experiencing frequent disconnections or dropped signals. If you’re using an older modem, it may not be compatible with the latest internet standards or technologies, such as DOCSIS 3.1. Upgrading to a new modem can help improve your internet performance and reliability.\nCan I use a modem from a different ISP?\nIn most cases, you cannot use a modem from a different ISP. Modems are typically customized to work with a specific ISP’s network and may not be compatible with other ISPs. Additionally, some ISPs may require specific features or settings on their modems, which may not be supported by a modem from a different ISP.\nUsing a modem from a different ISP can also cause compatibility issues and may result in poor internet performance or complete loss of service. It’s always best to check with your ISP to determine their specific modem requirements and to purchase or rent a modem from them or an authorized retailer.\nHow do I set up my modem and router?\nSetting up your modem and router typically involves connecting the modem to the internet source (such as a coaxial cable or fiber optic connection), powering it on, and then connecting the router to the modem using an Ethernet cable. You’ll then need to configure the router’s settings using a web-based interface or mobile app, which usually involves setting up a password, configuring Wi-Fi settings, and enabling any security features.\nIt’s also a good idea to check the documentation that came with your modem and router, as well as any instructions provided by your ISP, to ensure that you’re following the correct setup procedure. If you’re not comfortable setting up the devices yourself, you can usually contact your ISP for assistance or schedule a professional installation.\nWhat happens if I don’t use a modem?\nIf you don’t use a modem, you won’t be able to access the internet from your devices. Without a modem, your devices won’t be able to communicate with the internet service provider’s network, and you’ll be unable to browse the web, check email, or use online applications.\nIn addition, without a modem, you may also be unable to use certain features and services provided by your ISP, such as online backup or security services. If you’re trying to connect to the internet without a modem, you may experience errors or be unable to establish a connection at all."
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https://terribartholtrains.com/self-control-strategies/ | <urn:uuid:708f1c0c-6f61-48e0-8657-c31441a280c8> | 0 | UNK | [
"It’s been said that “the best offense is a good defense.” Probably nowhere is this truer than when it comes to classroom management. Prevention is a key ingredient in classroom management, and the more preventative maintenance that can be done through the use of proactive strategies, the less likely teachers will be to encounter problem behavior. But even the most well run classrooms will experience problems from time to time. For some teachers, behavior problems in the classroom will be a common occurrence or even a daily “routine” that results from the growing “culture of disrespect” that has progressively infiltrated our schools. For others, discipline problems may be rare, occurring only in unusual circumstances or situations. But regardless of their frequency, we know they are bound to occur.\nWhen challenging behavior does occur, teachers must be equipped with the necessary tools to handle such challenges in a professional, mutually respectful way that still holds offending students accountable while minimizing disruptions to learning. This is a tall order, but it can be achieved in all but the most extreme circumstances through the use of the reactive strategies taught in my course.\nIn all cases, a proper response to misbehavior begins early on in the chain of events. Teachers must commit to dealing with behavior problems when they occur by first evaluating the nature or threat of the behavior to student learning and then by responding appropriately. Conflict is inevitable, but combat is optional, and with prompt attention paid to emergent misbehavior through early intervention strategies, up to ninety percent of minor, pesky behavior problems can be eliminated in the classroom.\nClassroom Management Beliefs\n- Times have changed.\n- Teachers are doing an incredible job.\n- ”Kids don’t care how much you know until they know how much you care.” Dr. Madeline Hunter\n- Good discipline is a matter of good timing.\n- Conflict is an essential part of growing up.\n- Parenting affects behavior.\n- We cannot use poor parenting as an excuse for not teaching.\n- Problem behavior can entrap us.\n- Curriculum comes first, but discipline does, too!\n- Self-esteem matters.\n- Students do not necessarily know how to behave.\n- Classroom rules and routines need to be systematically taught.\n- Teaching succeeds where punishment fails.\n- We need an effective consequence for low-level misbehavior.\n- An effective discipline program teaches responsible behavior.\n- We can make a difference to every child."
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https://thecinnamonhollow.com/how-safe-are-self-driving-cars/ | <urn:uuid:83557b8c-e0d2-4812-8251-62b9beb02ae2> | 0 | UNK | [
"Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles (AVs), represent a promising advancement in transportation technology. These vehicles have the potential to revolutionize the way we travel, offering increased convenience, improved efficiency, and enhanced safety on the roads. However, as with any new technology, concerns about the safety of self-driving cars persist. In this blog post, we’ll explore the current state of self-driving car safety, examining both the benefits and challenges associated with this innovative technology.\nUnderstanding Self-Driving Car Technology\nBefore delving into the safety aspects, it’s essential to understand how self-driving car technology works. Autonomous vehicles rely on a combination of sensors, cameras, radar, lidar, and advanced software algorithms to perceive their environment, navigate roads, and make driving decisions. These systems allow self-driving cars to detect obstacles, interpret traffic signals, and respond to changing road conditions without human intervention.\nSafety Benefits of Self-Driving Cars\nSelf-driving cars have the potential to significantly improve road safety by reducing human error, which is a leading cause of traffic accidents. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), human error is a factor in approximately 94% of all traffic crashes. By eliminating human factors such as distracted driving, speeding, and impaired driving, autonomous vehicles have the potential to prevent many accidents and save lives.\nGovernment Regulation and Oversight\nGovernment agencies play a crucial role in regulating and overseeing the development and deployment of self-driving cars to ensure their safety. The NHTSA, for example, establishes safety standards and regulations for vehicle manufacturers and developers of autonomous vehicle technology. Additionally, the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) provides guidance and frameworks for testing and deployment of self-driving cars on public roads.\nSafety Concerns and Challenges\nDespite the potential safety benefits, self-driving cars still face several challenges and concerns regarding their safety and reliability. One primary concern is the ability of autonomous vehicles to accurately perceive and respond to complex and unpredictable driving scenarios, such as adverse weather conditions, construction zones, or interactions with pedestrians and cyclists. Ensuring the robustness and reliability of self-driving car technology in all driving environments remains a significant challenge for developers and regulators.\nTesting and Validation\nAnother critical aspect of ensuring the safety of self-driving cars is rigorous testing and validation of autonomous vehicle systems. Companies developing self-driving technology conduct extensive testing programs, including simulated testing, closed-course testing, and real-world testing on public roads. Testing allows developers to identify and address potential safety issues and refine their technology to improve performance and reliability.\nCollaboration and Industry Standards\nEnsuring the safety of self-driving cars requires collaboration and cooperation among industry stakeholders, including automakers, technology companies, regulators, and researchers. Establishing industry-wide standards and best practices for the design, development, and deployment of autonomous vehicle technology is essential for promoting consistency, transparency, and accountability in the industry.\nThrough continued research, development, testing, and collaboration, stakeholders can work together to address safety concerns and realize the full potential of self-driving car technology in creating safer and more efficient transportation systems. If you happen to get injured in a car accident involving a self-driving vehicle, please contact an Oklahoma City injury attorney for legal guidance and support."
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https://theinformant.co.nz/the-united-nations-reveals-its-first-assessment-of-the-paris-agreement-liberation/ | <urn:uuid:e64504e7-0167-4b97-a844-c0454d40a8bc> | 0 | UNK | [
"Where are we really in the fight against climate change? One report after another from the international community warns of the relentless warming of the planet. The unpublished report, published on Friday 8 September, is ambitious: this first “global assessment” (called “the Global Assessment” in English) is a key document published by the UNFCCC Secretariat.\nThe purpose of this evaluation? Find out if the world is making progress towards meeting the goals of the 2015 Paris Agreement, which call for keeping the increase in average global temperature well below 2°C compared to the pre-industrial era, and if possible to 1.5°C. The global balance of carbon dioxide emissions is “An exercise aimed at ensuring that each party sticks to its side of the deal, and to know where it needs to go next and how quickly it needs to move to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement,” Simon Steele, UN Executive Secretary for Climate Change sums it up.\n“Global emissions are not consistent with typical global mitigation pathways compatible with the temperature target set in the Paris Agreement.” Alert un that determines that “Window” to “Increase ambition and implement existing commitments to limit temperature rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels” It exists, but it is “It shrinks quickly.”\n“We are behind in everything.”\nAs a first step since the signing of the agreement, this inventory of the efforts made by the countries will be at the heart of the COP28 UN Climate Summit, which will be held in Dubai at the end of the year. It will allow countries to know where and in which direction to review their climate action plans.\nThis report is the result of a long process of collecting information from reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, United Nations climate experts, as well as from governments and non-governmental organizations. The message from the global balance sheet is clear: humanity must exit its dependence on fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) urgently.\n“In terms of specific goals, we know that there is no way we can achieve a victorious response, we are behind in everything.” summarizes researcher Lola Vallejo, Director of the Climate Program at the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations. Nuance, the United Nations calls for the first time to “Gradual exit from untapped fossil fuels and non-phasing out of all fossil fuels, i.e. including gas and oil,” Explains Lola Vallejo, who considers her a “Very good news.”\nList of recommendations\nIn fact, to achieve carbon neutrality, “We must transform […] all sectors, in particular through the development of renewable energies”, “through the phasing out of all unexploited fossil fuels”, And by ending deforestation, Doc urges.\nThe report also provides a list of recommendations for countries to improve the situation, such as the need Much more ambitious […] To implement national mitigation actions and set more ambitious targets To reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by 43% by 2030 and 60% by 2035 compared to 2019 levels, and ultimately achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 globally.\nUnsurprisingly, the text invites the world to spread “quickly” the current clean technologies during acceleration Innovation, development and transfer of new technologies in order to meet the needs of developing countries. On the financing side, publishing “strategic” of international public funds is still a “a basic incentive to work” climate, the document notes.\nThe real signal would be “what comes out of COP28”\nThere is a glimmer emerging in the nightmare of the climate emergency. positive, Adaptation plans and commitments are becoming increasingly ambitious. We recognize the United Nations, although most of the efforts have been noted “Sectoral and unevenly distributed among regions.”\nTo reach these conclusions, “There were three technical dialogues between country representatives, scholars and members of civil society.” explains Lola Vallejo. The aim is to review all areas of climate action: reducing emissions but also adapting to current and future impacts, irreversible losses caused by climate change, and mobilizing the financial flows and investments needed for the transition. Energy… For a specialist, the real signal will be What will come out of COP28? Where world leaders will have a choice between ignoring the emergency and leading humanity into the unknown, or implementing ambitious policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\n“Unapologetic pop culture trailblazer. Freelance troublemaker. Food guru. Alcohol fanatic. Gamer. Explorer. Thinker.”"
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https://today.stcloudstate.edu/2015/11/18/visualization-lab-creates-interactive-skull-museum/ | <urn:uuid:10478e4d-acab-4864-afb8-ce73cafbaa72> | 0 | UNK | [
"St. Cloud State University students can now get up close and personal with skulls from 20 different creatures without handling the often delicate originals.\nBiology department has teamed up with the Visualization Lab on an Interactive Skull Museum. The project has already spawned 3-D printed copies of small skulls from the biology department and a project is underway to create the interactive virtual museum that will allow students to study each angle of a skull and study similarities and differences between the skulls of different animals, said Mark Gill, visualization engineer.\nThese skulls are delicate, rare, expensive or all three. Scanning them allows students access to study and handle the skulls in ways they’ve never been able to before, Gill said.\nOnce the project is completed, Julius plans to use the Interactive Skull Lab to distribute it as a DVD or open-source software for download to high schools or other universities that don’t have the same level of collection as St. Cloud State. The interactive lab could then be paired with an updated version of a paper “Phylogenetic Reconstruction as a Broadly Applicable Teaching Tool in the Biology Classroom” Julius and Professor Heiko Schoenfuss previously printed that encourages biology teachers to work with their students to compare features in different animal skulls to look for similarities.\nAccess to the Interactive Skull Museum would give these classrooms virtual access to all the skulls needed to complete the lessons.\nIn addition to creating a virtual museum with the scans. Gill is also printing some of the skulls, includes the skull of a small lizard. The skull was about the size of a quarter, but using the technology, Gill was able to enlarge the skull to the size of a deck of cards, which allows students to easier make out details of the skull’s anatomy.\nTo capture the skulls, Gill and students working in the Visualization Lab used an Artec Spider scanner and Studio 10, a 3-D visualization software.\nThe next step is to work with students from the biology and the sociology and anthropology departments to make scans of all the university’s skulls to complete the Interactive Skull Museum and make it available for use by students and others.\nThe biology department is also teaming with the Visualization Lab to make enlarged 3D prints of microscopic organisms and natural structures or small prints of very large objects that could be used for museum displays.\nJulius has also worked with the Visualization Lab together with Department of Art Professor Bill Gorcica to design a virtual component to SimRiver, a web-based platform for education about the aquatic environment headed by the Mayama lab at Tokyo Gakugei University. Julius is a project member on the SimRiver program."
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https://trackingdownthefamily.substack.com/p/nov-11-two-brothers-and-their-cousin?open=false | <urn:uuid:93ddafb3-8302-4558-9c83-1e5e4e383c92> | 0 | UNK | [
"Remembrance Day: Two Brothers and Their Cousin Lost To War\nRemembrance Day 2024\nRemembrance Day is observed every year on 11 November, with one minute silence, to give remembrance to the end of the First World War, that ended at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918.\nIn Australia, Remembrance Day is always observed on 11 November, regardless of the day of the week, and is not a public holiday. It is a day when people can pay their respects to the huge number of soldiers who died in battle\nRemembrance Day is also known as Poppy Day.\nFor this Remembrance Day post, I am remembering three young men in my family, two brothers and their cousin, who lost their lives in World War 1. These three young men were nephews of my Great Grandfather Ernest Waters. I knew my great grandfather well as a child, and do wonder at the pain he must have felt, as the bad news continued to arrive during the war years.\nDavid Waters, Private. Service Number 2711, Eighth Reinforcements, 5th Batallion AIF\nBorn in 1897 at Rochester, Victoria, Australia, David enlisted in the army on 8 April 1915, at age 18. He was killed in battle, in France on 11 February 1917. David Waters’ death is commemorated at Dernancourt Communal Cemetery in France.\nfrom: The Bendigonian, Thursday 1st march 1917, Page 9\nAlbert William Mancer\nAlbert William Mancer, Private. Service Number 2716. 60th Batallion\nBorn in 1892 at Rochester, Victoria, Australia. He enlisted in the army on 25 August 1916, at age 24, and served in the 60th Batallion. Albert died in the front line trench at the Battle of Bullecourt on 12 May 1917, age 25. Memorial Wytschaete Military Cemetery in Belgium\nAlbert was raised in Rochester, and upon finishing school he was employed at a timber yard owned by the Moore brothers, where he trained as a plumber. He was also very interested in movies, and regularly worked the projector at the local theatre, known at the time as the picture show. He was a prominent member of the Rochester Brass Band, and a member of the Order of Rechabites, a society that promoted sobriety and clean living.\nWhen war broke out, Albert was very keen to enlist. He made three attempts, but was turned down each time because he had a malformed toe. It was thought that this slight defect, may restrict how much marching he could do.\nIn 1915, Albert married Florence Lamb, the sister of a serving soldier. He eventually had an operation to fix the problem with his toe. Once healed, he was finally accepted by the Australian Imperial Force in August 1916. He was posted to the 60th Battalion and sent to England for further training in October 1916.\nPrivate Mancer joined his battalion in France in February 1917. On 12 May 1917, two companies of the 60th Battalion moved to the front line near Bullecourt, and in the early hours of the morning, the Germans began heavy artillery firing on the Australian line. Private Albert Mancer was sitting on top of a dug out, when he was instantly killed by rife fire. He was 25 years old.\nAlbert Mancer left behind a widow and an infant daughter. His wife’s brother, Vic Lamb, was also killed in action, as was his own brother, Ernest, in 1918.\nWytschaete Military Cemetery in Belgium\nfrom: The Rochester Express, Tuesday 5 June, 1917, page 3\nErnest Charles Mancer\nErnest Charles Mancer, Private. Service Number 5145. 7th Batallion\nBorn in 1898 at Rochester, Victoria, Australia. He enlisted in the army on 25 January 1916. He was killed on 12 December 1917, in the battle of Flanders in Belgium, age 19. He was part of the 15th Brigade Trench Mortar Battery and was in a trench, when a shell in the gun exploded, killing him instantly.\nErnest Charles Mancer\nfrom: The Bendigo Advertiser, Thursday 10 January 1918, page 5\nPhoto: cwgc.org: Derry Road No 2 Cemetery, Messines, Belgium.\nLEST WE FORGET\n*Please note: punctuation and paragraphs have been added to transcribed articles for ease and speed of reading."
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https://uniqueacademy.education/curriculum/ | <urn:uuid:d6882961-85ad-4c86-81ac-e63a8a59dd19> | 0 | UNK | [
"Here at Unique Academy we provide a knowledge rich, broad, balanced and coherent creative curriculum using themes from Cornerstones Curriculum Maestro, which is designed to deliver outstanding learning experiences for children.\nWhat is the Cornerstones Curriculum?\nThe Cornerstones Curriculum is a creative and thematic approach to learning that is mapped to the 2014 primary National Curriculum to ensure comprehensive coverage of national expectations. It is based on a child-centred pedagogy and at Unique Academy, we base our teaching and learning experiences on our Islamic ethos as well as Knowledge Rich Projects (KRPs) from Cornerstones, which combined provide a rich menu of exciting and motivating learning activities that make creative links between all aspects of children’s learning and our Islamic values. We believe children learn better when they are encouraged to use their imagination and apply their learning to engaging contexts. Our curriculum provides many learning challenges throughout the academic year that require children to solve problems, apply themselves creatively and express their knowledge and understanding effectively. The curriculum also provides rigorous skills and knowledge framework that outlines the end of year expectations in all subjects. These skills and knowledge are tied to activities and are age-related so that staff can track children’s progress on a daily basis and identify their individual learning needs."
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https://webscriptlab.com/6y5zrJkWcJw-youtube-summary/ | <urn:uuid:b658628c-1ae4-4810-8431-07da6ebc15bd> | 0 | UNK | [
"This summary of the video was created by an AI. It might contain some inaccuracies.\nThe video provides a comprehensive historical timeline of significant events and key figures within the context of the continent's history, using \"AU\" (After Unification) and \"BU\" (Before Unification) as markers. Central themes include the unification of Navar, beginning with Darnak's egg around 17 BU and the Great War which consolidated Navar's provinces into a single kingdom by 1 AU. Notable historical events include the long-standing war with Porile starting in 233 AU, the second Signy incursion in 328 AU, and the critical trade agreement of Ren in 434 AU. The Tiar Rebellion led by Finn Ryerson and culminating in the Battle of Arisha in 628 AU marks the celebration of Reunification Day on July 1st. Significant character developments from 627 to 633 AU are also discussed, notably Mira joining a writer's quadrant, Violet's training, and Zaden's transition to foster homes and later to the writer's quadrant. The narrative leads up to the key moment of Violet’s conscription day in mid-633 AU, emphasizing available detailed outlines and resources from the Imperian Wiki.\nIn this part of the video, the speaker discusses a highly requested topic: the historical timeline of continent events. They explain that the timeline uses “AU” (After Unification) and “BU” (Before Unification) as markers. Key events include the laying of Darnak’s egg around 17 BU, the Great War fought over six centuries ago which led to the unification of Navar, and significant battles like the Battle of Gfar where dragons and griffins fought together. The unification of Navar at 1 AU brought together six provinces into a single kingdom with a common language and culture, centralized in the capital, Cir. A notable migration occurred between 1 and 2 AU when Navar opened its borders for one year to allow people from Poral to live under its protection.\nIn this part of the video, key historical events from the timeline of Nar are discussed. The beginning of the war with Porile in 233 Au marks a conflict that lasts over 400 years. By 328 Au, the second Signy incursion results in Signis being absorbed into the kingdom of Porm. The trade agreement of Ren, established before 434 Au, leads to regular exchanges between Nar and Porile. In the same year, the second Crin Uprising consolidates military command under the commander of the writers. Fast-forwarding to 627 Au, the Tiar Rebellion begins, led by Finn Ryerson, culminating in the Battle of Arisha in 628 Au, where Navar defeats Tior. Reunification Day is declared on July 1st in honor of the battle. Additionally, another timeline mentions Violet meeting Danne in 618 Au and events involving Zayan’s mother in 621 Au.\nIn this part of the video, the timeline of significant events and character developments from 627 to 633 Au is detailed. Mira joins a writer’s quadrant while Brennan becomes a lieutenant. Violet last sees Brennan before the Battle of Arisha and later trains for the writer’s quadrant under Major Gilstead by her mother’s orders. In 628 Au, Zaden and other marked ones are moved to foster homes with aristocratic families. In 629 Au, Papaa Surale begins having heart problems and passes away between 630 and 631 Au. In 631 Au, Zaden joins the writer’s quadrant, and by mid-633 Au, the main story begins with Violet’s conscription day. The importance of checking out detailed outlines on their Patreon and the benefits of resources from the Imperian Wiki are highlighted."
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https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/healthaz/neurology/craniopharyngiomas/?hub=braintumours&hubSite=https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/ | <urn:uuid:06ac50ea-81fe-4ea6-bfa0-d8a1c016bedd> | 0 | UNK | [
"What is a craniopharyngioma?\nA craniopharyngioma is a benign, slow-growing tumour made up of solid parts and, in children, most commonly of cysts. The solid parts contain calcium, and the cysts are full of fluid. The tumour is located in the central part of the brain, in and around the area of the pituitary gland. It is also near other important parts of the brain such as the hypothalamus, the optic pathway, and the third ventricle. Symptoms begin when it starts to grow and affect surrounding areas of the brain.\nTwo small but important parts in the brain — the hypothalamus and pituitary gland — are likely to be affected. These areas release important hormones; chemicals that regulate growth, sexual development, sleep patterns, the body’s temperature, water balance, appetite, blood sugar levels, and the way the body uses fat (fat metabolism). The optic pathway, which is involved in vision, may also be affected. Hormone replacement will probably be needed if the tumour or treatment affects the hypothalamus and/or pituitary gland.\nThere are different approaches to treatment based on the child’s age and on features of the tumour. Surgery, intracystic therapy and possibly radiation therapy at the site of the tumour, may be used for treatment. Currently, targeted therapies are being investigated in clinical trials to see how effective they are at treating craniopharyngiomas.\nWhat are the symptoms of a craniopharyngioma?\nCommon symptoms of craniopharyngiomas are:\n- problems with vision\nThe tumour can press on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which affects their ability to release hormones. Because hormone levels are changed, the child with a craniopharyngioma may experience poor growth, delayed puberty (or in rare cases, early puberty), and appetite changes. A child may also develop diabetes insipidus, which causes intense thirst and increased need to urinate (pee).\nOther symptoms can include:\n- sleepiness in the daytime\n- waking at night\n- significant weight gain\n- behaviour changes\n- memory problems\nWhat causes a craniopharyngioma?\nThe exact cause of craniopharyngiomas is unknown. It is believed that it grows from cells that normally disappear during embryonal (fetal) development. Because these cells did not disappear, they may give rise to form a craniopharyngioma.\nThere is no way to predict that a child will get a tumour. Nobody is to blame if a child develops a craniopharyngioma.\nResearchers have been studying whether environmental factors, such as food or chemicals, can cause brain tumours. At the moment, there is no definite proof that there is a connection.\nHow many other children have craniopharyngiomas?\nCraniopharyngiomas account for about 3% to 5% of brain tumours in children. They are usually found in children aged 5 to 10.\nHow is a craniopharyngioma diagnosed?\nDoctors and other health-care professionals will use well-established diagnostic tests to see if a brain tumour is causing your child’s symptoms. These tests will include a physical examination, and brain scans such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT) scan, which will identify the presence of a tumour.\nA sample of the tumour may be taken at the time of surgery to confirm the diagnosis. This is called a biopsy. In craniopharyngioma, the engine oil-like cyst fluid of the tumour is pathognomonic (characteristic) for craniopharyngioma and not seen in any other brain tumours. If a small piece of tumour is removed, it will be sent to a doctor called a pathologist. They will look at the tumour under a microscope to determine the exact type of tumour. If the tumour contains the engine oil-like cyst fluid, then it is a craniopharyngioma.\nHow is a craniopharyngioma treated?\nOnce the health-care team has a clear understanding of what is causing your child’s symptoms — usually after surgery — a meeting with the team will be set up to talk about results and the treatment plan. Remember that it is helpful to bring something to take notes with, such as a paper and a pen or laptop, at each meeting with this team. It is important to have the child’s primary caregivers in this meeting, for example both parents.\nThe treatment team may include a neurosurgeon, a neuro-oncologist, endocrinologist, radiation oncologist, a nurse practitioner or nurse, and a social worker. During the meeting, they will explain which doctor is responsible for your child’s treatment, and the roles of everyone who is there. Other team members may be involved such as a dietitian, pharmacist, occupational therapist, and physiotherapist, depending on your child’s needs. Every team member has their role in your child’s care, and everyone works together to make your child feel better.\nThe doctor will explain the type of tumour that your child has, based on what the team has learned through diagnostic testing. You will learn the expected effect this tumour will have on your child in the upcoming months and years, based on what is known about the tumour. This is called the prognosis.\nThe team may talk about placing your child on a protocol, which is a treatment plan for craniopharyngioma. You will need to consent (agree) to the plan for the treatment to begin. Teenaged patients may be asked for their consent as well.\nThere are different approaches to treatment based on the child’s age and on features of the tumour.\nBefore you agree to the treatment offered, it is important that you understand what to expect and feel comfortable with your decision.\nSurgery when the tumour is mostly solid\nSurgery can be difficult and can cause many problems because these tumours \"stick\" to nearby tissues. Doing a resection (surgical removal of the tumour) safely will depend on the location and the size of the craniopharyngioma. Surgeons aim to remove only those parts of the tumour that are safely resectable without causing harm. Radiation therapy may be used to treat the remaining tumour if it continues to grow. Radiation can be given as photon or proton therapy; currently proton therapy is available in the United States for Canadians.\nSurgery when the tumour has cysts\nIf the craniopharyngioma is mainly cystic, draining the fluid in the cyst will reduce pressure quickly. The surgeon will make a small hole (burr hole) in the skull and insert a tube into the cyst to drain it and/or they may put a permanent drain in called an Ommaya reservoir. This can be followed by injection of interferon directly into the cyst to help decrease the fluid being made by the walls of the cyst and to make the cyst smaller. Sometimes several treatments with interferon are needed to dry the cyst.\nInterferon is the name of the drug administered into the cyst. This drug helps to stop the cyst from producing fluid and eventually helps to shrink the cyst. Side effects of interferon include joint pain, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms.\nSome treatment centres may use a radioactive substance such as phosphorus or yttrium. It is planted in part of the cyst to help shrink it.\nIn some cases, the craniopharyngioma may block the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway. This causes hydrocephalus, a build-up of fluid in the hollow channels of the brain called the ventricles. The surgeon may need to do a small operation to place a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VP-shunt) so the CSF can flow from the ventricles to the abdominal cavity where it is absorbed.\nIntracystic therapy for craniopharyngiomas\nSome cystic craniopharyngiomas can be treated with local administration of interferon. This means that the agent is given directly into the cyst. It is also referred to as intracystic therapy. An Ommaya reservoir is used for intracystic therapy.\nAn Ommaya reservoir is used when interferon should go directly to the craniopharyngioma cyst. An Ommaya reservoir is implanted directly under the scalp which is connected to a thin tube (catheter) going into a cyst. The reservoir is inserted during surgery.\nBefore starting intracystic therapy, a \"permeability study\" (a CT scan with contrast given into the Ommaya catheter) is done to rule out any leakage out of the cyst.\nWhile your child is getting intracystic therapy, they will have regular checkups. It is important to tell the treatment team about all of the changes or symptoms your child has while at home. The treatment team will ask about your child’s appetite, daily activities, pain, headaches, and vision problems. There will also be a physical exam during regular checkups.\nMany doctors are trying to make cancer treatments more successful. They can do this by studying different types of treatment, in clinical trials. Your child’s doctor may ask if you would like your child to participate in a clinical trial. You will have to sign an informed consent form for your child to participate in a trial. The health-care team will explain the differences between being on a clinical trial and getting the standard treatment.\nWhen you meet with the treatment team, you may also be told about resources available to support your child, you and your other children during treatment and recovery. You will be encouraged to think about any questions concerning the diagnosis and the treatment plan.\nWhat is the outcome for a child with a craniopharyngioma?\nA child with craniopharyngioma has a very good chance of surviving. After 10 years, about 90% of children with a craniopharyngioma will survive.\nHowever, there is a large range of possible challenges. Some children may have very few long-term effects. Others can have very serious long-term effects that will have a significant impact on their lives. Often, lifelong hormone replacement is needed because the tumour, surgery and/or radiation therapy has damaged the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus.\nSome long-term effects that may occur are diabetes insipidus, obesity, sleep problems, memory problems, and mood swings.\nFollow-up care may be very complex as it may require involvement of many doctors including the following:\nChildren ideally should be followed up in a comprehensive craniopharyngioma clinic.\nRecurrence of craniopharyngiomas\nIf a craniopharyngioma recurs (grows back) there are different approaches to treatment. Because a craniopharyngioma may be made up of cysts and solid tumour, the recurrence can happen in either. The treatment will depend on the type of recurrence.\nIf the solid tissue grows back, either surgery or radiation may be used as treatment. In some cases, surgery and radiation may both be used.\nIf the cysts grow back, intracystic therapy may be needed using interferon. Sometimes, repeated treatment courses with interferon are needed. Targeted therapies (e.g. MEKinhibitor) are being investigated in clinical trials for efficacy."
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https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/healthaz/pain/anaesthesia/myths-about-pain/?language=en | <urn:uuid:85b7edcc-5d46-43b2-aff6-b62077626e6f> | 0 | UNK | [
"Many people have misconceptions or misbeliefs about pain in children. These myths have lasted even though there is now evidence to support that they are not true.\nThe most common myths on pain in children include the following:\nMyth: Pain cannot be accurately assessed\nFact: While it is true that an absolute measure of pain is impossible because pain is personal, in the majority of cases an accurate pain assessment is possible, even in children. Depending on the situation and the age and health condition of the child, a pain assessment is possible using a number of valid and reliable self-reports, behavioural and composite measurement tools.\nMyth: Pain cannot be accurately assessed in babies\nFact: While it is true that some children may not express their pain in the same way as adults, especially if they have not yet learned to speak, in most cases children are capable of expressing and identifying pain. A young child’s or baby’s behaviour provides clues to the amount of pain they have. These behavioural changes, including facial expressions, crying, and body movements, can also be used to determine the level of pain intensity in adults.\nMyth: If a child says they are in pain but does not appear to be in pain, there is no need for pain relief\nFact: Because children cope in different ways, their behaviour is not necessarily an indication of their pain intensity. A child who has pain may be behaving normally. For example, a school age child may spend hours playing video games as a way to distract themselves from the pain rather than lying in bed complaining.\nMyth: Children will tell you if they are in pain\nFact: Children may not report pain due to fear or a desire to please those around them. A child who does not report pain may do so in an attempt to avoid a further painful experience such as a needle. In addition, children may not report pain because they fear that if they do they may have to stay in the hospital or be separated from their parents. As well, children may not report their pain if they believe that it will displease their parents, siblings and friends. Older children may not wish to appear “weak” by showing their pain, especially in front of their peers.\nMyth: Pain which has no known physical cause is a symptom of some kind of “mental or psychological problem”\nFact: Despite the continuing research, there is still a lot of work to be done before we fully understand what causes pain. Therefore, because we may not be able to identify a physical cause for pain, we cannot automatically assume that it is a “mental or psychological problem.” It is not particularly helpful to imagine pain as being a physical or a psychological phenomenon; pain is both a mind and body experience.\nMyths and misconceptions about pain\nAs in all branches of medicine, research reveals new knowledge and opens new doors. As a result, treatment methods improve reflecting the new-found knowledge. The end of the twentieth century produced new evidence that substantially changed our beliefs and treatment ideas about pain. However, despite this new evidence, some old and incorrect ideas about pain persist. The following beliefs about pain have all been shown to be wrong.\nMyth: Babies cannot feel pain\nFact: Decades ago, it was thought that a newborn's nervous system had not developed enough to process pain messages and therefore could not feel pain. Surgery without anaesthetic was not uncommon and the use of analgesics was thought unnecessary for what are now known to be painful procedures. Today, we know that a 26-week-old fetus has a nervous system sufficiently developed to feel pain.\nMyth: Children are less sensitive to pain than adults\nFact: Younger children experience higher levels of pain than do older children and adults. For some, pain sensitivity seems to decrease with age.\nMyth: Babies are incapable of remembering pain\nFact: Babies as young as six months old can show fear of painful situations, indicating a memory of the unpleasantness of pain.\nMyth: Babies must learn about pain from previous experience\nFact: Pain requires no previous experience. A child's first injury will hurt; pain does not require an earlier episode to be painful.\nMyth: Babies and children are incapable of expressing pain\nFact: Children may not express their pain in the same way as adults, especially if they have not yet learned to speak. But in most cases, children are capable of expressing and identifying pain. A child's behaviour provides clues to how much pain they are in. These behavioural changes include facial expressions, crying, and body movements. Studies have shown that children as young as three years of age can accurately use pain scales.\nMyth: Children get used to pain\nFact: The opposite is often true. For example, children exposed to repeated painful procedures often experience increased anxiety and perception of pain with repeated procedure. Children with chronic pain may also become more sensitive to pain and other stimulation because of changes in the nervous system.\nMyth: If a child can be distracted, they are not really in pain\nFact: Distraction is one of the most effective ways in which people cope with pain. If someone or something can distract your child, this is not an indication that the pain is not real. While most children must be taught this coping technique, some children spontaneously use this method to focus away from their pain.\nMyth: If a child says they are in pain but do not appear to be in pain, there is no need for pain relief\nFact: Children are unique in their ways of coping. A child who is experiencing pain may be behaving normally. For example, school-age children may spend hours playing video games as a way to distract themselves from pain rather than lying in bed.\nMyth: Children will tell you if they are in pain\nFact: Children may not report pain due to fear or a desire to please those around them. A child who does not report pain may do so in an attempt to avoid a further painful experience such as a needle. Also, children may not report pain because they fear if they do, they may have to stay in the hospital or be separated from their parents. Children may not report their pain if they believe doing so will displease parents and others. Older children may not wish to appear \"weak\" by showing pain.\nMyth: Pain-relief medications are too dangerous and addictive for children\nFact: Fear of addiction or overdose is often given as a reason not to give opioids, such as morphine, to children. When appropriately administered, strong pain relievers are no more dangerous for children than they are for adults. Unlike substance abusers, children taking opioids do not develop a psychological dependence on them. It is this psychological dependence, or craving, that causes addiction. Longer-term use of these drugs may create a physical tolerance, so that larger doses are required for the same pain relief. This is not an indication of an addiction to the medicine. When the need for pain relief diminishes, a gradual reduction of the medication will be used to prevent any physical withdrawal.\nOn the same note, parents often worry about infants being given pacifiers and sugar water to relieve pain, but this will not become a habit either. Once the need for these measures is gone, children are not left with a craving for a pacifier or sweets.\nMyth: Pain that has no known physical cause is a symptom of some kind of psychological or \"mental problem\"\nFact: Despite research, there are still things about pain that we do not understand. Not being able to identify a cause for pain does not mean that the pain is a \"mental problem.\" Because pain is a complex interaction between the body and mind, it is not helpful to imagine pain as solely a physical or a psychological phenomenon. Pain is a complex interaction between nerves, emotions, thoughts, feeling, and physical activities."
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https://www.aiartkingdom.com/post/neural-networks-ai-art | <urn:uuid:9eac1785-ce50-4a29-91ef-426ddbd63109> | 0 | UNK | [
"Neural networks serve as the cornerstone of numerous AI art applications, providing machines with the ability to learn and generate artistic outputs by discerning patterns and examples. These powerful computational models mimic the structure and functionality of the human brain, paving the way for groundbreaking advancements in the realm of AI generated art.\nNeural networks have revolutionized the field of art, enabling computers to create stunning works of art that rival those created by humans. This technology has opened up new possibilities for artists, designers, and marketers, allowing them to explore new forms of creative expression. In this article, we will delve into the world of neural networks and explore how they are used to create art.\nWhat are Neural Networks?\nNeural networks are computer systems designed to mimic the human brain. They consist of interconnected neurons (or nodes) connected via synapses, transmitting information using electrical signals. Neural networks can take in multiple pieces of information to produce an output, unlike traditional computers. They can learn and adapt based on the outputs they produce, improving their performance over time. Neural networks are often used to solve problems that are difficult for traditional computers to solve, such as recognizing patterns or facial expressions.\nThe concept of neural networks is inspired by the complex network of interconnected neurons in the human brain. These networks consist of layers of artificial neurons, known as nodes or units, which work collaboratively to process and analyze data. Each node receives inputs, performs computations, and produces an output that is passed on to the next layer. By traversing through multiple layers, neural networks can extract intricate features and representations from input data, enabling machines to comprehend and generate artistic outputs.\nOne of the key strengths of neural networks lies in their ability to learn from examples. Through a process called training, neural networks analyze large datasets of labeled examples, extracting underlying patterns and relationships. The network adjusts its internal parameters, known as weights and biases, to minimize the difference between its generated outputs and the desired outputs. This iterative learning process, often referred to as deep learning, empowers neural networks to improve their performance over time, becoming increasingly proficient in generating art that mirrors human creativity.\nIn the realm of AI art, neural networks have revolutionized the generation of visual content. For instance, style transfer algorithms employ neural networks to blend the style of one image with the content of another, creating visually stunning and unique artworks. By extracting style features from one image and applying them to another, neural networks can produce art pieces that merge different artistic styles, resulting in captivating compositions.\nGenerative models, such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs), also rely on neural networks to generate new artistic outputs. VAEs encode input data into a latent space representation and then decode it back into an output. This latent space allows for the exploration of creative variations and the generation of novel artworks. GANs, on the other hand, pit two neural networks against each other, a generator and a discriminator, in a competitive process. This adversarial training leads to the creation of AI generated art that exhibits remarkable realism and artistic flair.\nCreating Art with Neural Networks\nNeural networks can create art by analyzing thousands of art pieces and “copying” the techniques they see in those pieces. They can generate new images in the style of the art they were trained on, such as using Deep Style. Deep Style is a neural network trained on thousands of images to learn how to generate new images in a specific style. Neural networks can create completely original art, not just a copy of what they have seen before. They can experiment with different techniques and styles to create something truly unique.\nThe Science Behind Neural Style Transfer\nNeural style transfer is a technique that merges two images, taking style from one image and content from another image. The technique involves three images: a pixelated image, the content image, and the style image. A machine learning model transforms the pixelated image into a new image that maintains recognizable features from the content and style image. Neural style transfer has several use cases, including enhancing images by applying artistic styles, creating engaging content for marketers, and creating unique and new art forms or prototyping artwork.\nApplications of Neural Networks in Art\nNeural networks have a wide range of applications in the field of art. They can be used to create stunning visuals for social media, design unique characters for stories, generate concept art for projects, and explore new forms of creative expression. Neural networks can also be used to create AI-generated art, which can be sold as NFTs (non-fungible tokens) on online digital art marketplaces. Additionally, neural networks can be used to create artistic filters, such as those used in photo editing software, and to transfer the style of one image to another.\nThe integration of neural networks with AI art applications has opened up new frontiers for creative expression. These systems can now produce art that transcends the limits of traditional techniques and explores uncharted artistic territories. Neural networks enable machines to learn from vast datasets, analyze patterns, and generate art that captures the essence of human creativity.\nIn conclusion, neural networks serve as the foundational building blocks of AI art applications. With their capacity to learn and generate artistic outputs based on patterns and examples, neural networks have reshaped the way machines create and appreciate art. As research and development in this field continue to advance, we can expect neural networks to propel AI-generated art to new heights, pushing the boundaries of imagination and artistic expression.\nIf you'd like to know more you can head over to AIArtKingdom.com for a curated collection of today's most popular, most liked AI artwork from across the internet. Plus explore an extensive array of AI tools, complemented by comprehensive guides and reviews, on our AI blog."
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https://www.akcpetinsurance.com/blog/how-picking-up-dog-poop-prevents-infection | <urn:uuid:01942b0e-c5e2-4aaa-99fb-711cd7c9fc32> | 0 | UNK | [
"How Picking Up Dog Poop Prevents Infection\nPicking up dog poop isn't just for keeping up appearances... it can help prevent parasitic infection. Here are the types of parasites transmitted through feces.\nAs dog owners, we all have a responsibility to pick up our dog’s waste and put it in the trash. We’ve all seen it left behind while taking our dogs for walks or in the park. I’ve even seen it on the beach!\nYes, it is gross, has a foul odor, and is not on anybody’s list of favorite things to do. But leaving it on the ground is bad for everyone. Not only could it end up on somebody’s shoes (which is just wrong), but it could spread infectious diseases to other dogs and people.\nDog Poop Spreads Disease!\nThere are many zoonotic parasites (diseases that are spread from animals to people) that infected dogs pass in their stool. Some examples are roundworms, whipworms, hookworms, and giardia. Parvovirus is not zoonotic, but is a frequent viral pathogen spread by dog feces and infected puppies. Most of these lead to diarrhea in dogs, which increases the spread, as there are more frequent bowel movements and more feces is widely dispersed compared to normal stool.\nTypes of Parasites Spread by Poop\nIn humans, when roundworm eggs are accidently ingested, a larvae will eventually develop and begin to migrate through the liver, lungs, and other organs. In rare cases, they can even migrate to the eyes and lead to blindness. In dogs, roundworms can cause diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss.\nHookworms, as the name implies, attach and damage the lining of the intestines. This can lead to blood loss, anemia, and diarrhea in dogs and people. Most infections in people happen when walking barefoot in contaminated soil. In this case, larvae penetrate the skin, and then migrate under the skin, leaving itchy red tracks.\nWhipworm infections cause diarrhea in both dogs and people. In children, those with large amounts of the worm in their body can become anemic and have their growth stunted. Most infections occur when there is contact with infected soil. The CDC estimates that around 604-795 million people worldwide are infected with whipworm.\nGiardiaalso causes diarrhea in humans and pets. It can be found in soil, on surfaces, food, and in water that was contaminated by an infected human or animal.\nOne common example of how dogs and people may accidently ingest contaminated fecal matter at the park is a game of fetch. Picture this: you are casually enjoying a summer afternoon by taking your dog to the park and tossing the ball around. Unbeknownst to you, the ball rolled over a pile of poop the was covered by grass. Your pup picks up the ball with their mouth, and drops it at your feet. You pick it up and toss it again, not knowing that you have roundworm eggs on your hand and that your dog just ingested them. Gross and dangerous!\nThe best way to prevent the spread of zoonotic parasites is to pick up your dog’s poop. If you are grossed out: wear a mask and a glove when using your poop bags. At this point, we all have plenty of masks! If you are around the house, you can use many different types of pooper scoopers to minimize contact and smell.\nAnother way to help prevent the spread is to keep your pet on monthly parasite prevention. There are numerous anthelmintics (medicines that kill parasites) that can be given to your dog. Many are paired with heartworm prevention as well.\nIt is best to discuss prevention with your veterinarian, so that they can pinpoint which parasites your dog is at risk for in your area and then select an appropriate preventative. Annual fecal tests through your veterinarian are also important in preventing the spread, as are regular deworming of puppies and young dogs, since they are more commonly infected than older animals.\nDo Your Part\nPrevention for people starts with picking up the poop as well. Cleaner parks and streets mean poop is less likely to end up on your shoe or on your pet’s ball. Keeping pets on leashes keeps them out of areas where children play. Washing your hands and making sure your children regularly do as well will also help prevent contamination.\nSo, do your part, pick up your dog’s poop, and put it in the trash… and bonus points for those that pick up poop left behind by other owners. You don’t get credit for just picking it up and leaving the plastic bag behind. Bagged poop is still poop left on the ground. Not only will you be a responsible pet owner, but you will help prevent the spread of zoonotic diseases.\nAKC Pet Insurance (underwritten by Independence American Insurance Company) offers optional Wellness Coverage* that provides reimbursement for blood, fecal, and parasite examinations. This coverage is not subject to waiting periods, coinsurance, deductible, or annual limit, and can be added to base Accident and Illness plans.\nIf you want to learn more about Wellness Coverage or get a pet insurance quote, click here or give us a call at 866-725-2747.\n* Not available in all states. Coverage is offered at an additional cost.\nDr. Preston Turano graduated from the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine in 2002. Since that time, he has been a Veterinarian, Medical Director, and Practice Owner.\nREAD MORE ARTICLES"
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https://www.antimoon.com/forum/t9257.htm | <urn:uuid:e0e84018-04cc-4a51-a5df-80e1709395c1> | 0 | UNK | [
"Vusted, vusía , vuecencia.\nAccording to Wikipedia, appart from usted and ustedes, there are a few more polite personal pronouns in Spanish:\n2nd person, singular: usted/vusted/vusía/vuecencia\n2nd person, plural: usted/vustedes/vusías/vuecencias\nWhere are vusted-es/vusía-s/vuecencia-s used? What is their etymology?\n2nd person, plural: ustedes/vustedes/vusías/vuecencias\nplease moderator, delete the message Guest Fri Dec 21, 2007 12:36 pm GMT .\nUsted comes from \"vuestra merced\" so usted probably has the same origin, same with vustedes. Note that in Latin America ustedes is the only 2nd person pronoun used, in formal and informal situations. But the others I've never heard them. Son más raros que un perro a cuadros.\nFor the second person singular in formal situations there's another pronoun \"su merced\" which becomes \"sumercé\".\nthanks for the information, Rodrigo. I read about vusted/vuecencia/vuesía in Wikipedia, but I can't find anywhere if these ones are still used or not and in which countries. Probably they are archaic and no longer used in normal speech. For example vuesía appears in Don Quixote many times.\nVuecencia is preceded by the possesive adjective su as well. For example \"¿Su vuecencia desea tomar té o café?\"\nThe origin of -usted- could derive from two possible sources.\nOld-Spanish = Vuestra merced = Vuested = Vusted = Usted : formal\nArabic = Ustadd (m.) Ustadda (f.) : formal\nAccording to RAE usted derives from Vuestra Merced. It's attested vusted as an older version of usted, hence Arabic Ustadd has nothing to do with Usted. It's much more logic that usted derived from vusted, rather than a strange arabic word.\nI think that vusía is a beautiful word. Let's use it instead of the tu/usted.\nYeah, we missed you, because someone needs to clean up this forum from this evil nazi language \"German\"\nvusia is used in Sicialian as well\nIs there a book that native speakers of Spanish use for looking up the origin of words in Spanish? A book that people throughout the Spanish speaking world use?\nYes, RAE Spanish dictionary usually provides the etymologies of words, but for example in Wikipedia usted appears as deriving from Arabic ustadd, or at least as influenced by it. RAE doesn't say anything like that. Also in Wikipedia vusía appears as a kind of an exotic alternative to usted but according to RAE this word simply does not exist. As far as I know, this word is frankly strange, it's only appears in Don Quixote.\nSorry, I meant to say it only appears in Don Quixote.\nOh, I see the reply, thanks. It answers other questions I had."
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https://www.ape-apps.com/viewpage.php?p=15239 | <urn:uuid:2171fc85-5a45-4322-9c51-635235fa5af5> | 0 | UNK | [
"This planet type is basically a Mercury-type planet. A rocky planet with a rocky core instead of an iron one, and a very close proximity to the sun. The sun beats down on Mercury's surface, cooking the day side to extremely high temperatures. Mercury turns at 2 mph so you can imagine the days and nights to be extremely long and to have drastic differences. The nights are very cold, while the days are hot and radioactive enough to cook a man/insect/reptile in his skin. For the sake of simplicity though, I wouldn't worry about planetary rotation or temperature change from night to day times. Instead we will focus on the radiation exposure that the colonists will get, and challenge the player to find ways to reduce and eventually deflect radiation from areas that are highly populated or traversed.\nNew colonist stat: Rads: This stat affects the max health and energy of the colonist. As this stat climbs, their max health and energy falls. Eventually, if the exposure get's too much, their max health will become 0 and they will die instantly. I don't think that this is going to violate any fallout/bethesda copywrite/trademarks because this is on a different planet and doesn't involve nuclear warfare. Radiation exposure would only happen during daytime and would subside at night.\nNew building type: electromagnets: these buildings will reduce the rate at which colonists gain rads in a certain radius. As the player progresses, he can get better magnets with better reduction power and better radius's. In fact, the alien magnet would completely deflect all radiation in a very wide area. These buildings require tons of power and possibly artifacts for the alien one.\nNew building type: radiation treatment centers: these would use the latest technology to reduce colonists rad count. The first center should be added very early in the game since outside of the rover, new colonists arrivals would have no way to heal since the first magnet type would not be very powerful and they would still gain rads at a fast rate.\nLander: The lander provides impervious resistance toward radiation for colonists while they are inside of it, and it heals these colonists once they come back in at a very fast rate, faster than the most advanced radiation treatment facility actually. This would be to ensure that at least two people would survive if everyone else died of radiation poisoning. Just be sure not to give them big commute distances. This is also to give the lander another fundamental purpose so people don't destroy it.\nNew resource: Magnetite: An untradable resource that will be used to build magnets that reduce/deflect solar radiation from certain areas. Magnetite is not found on the surface in the form of nodes, the player must create temporary mines that allow them to collect it. This requires a new tech called \"Solar Wind deflection theory.\" Eventually the player will get the core driller, which would provide a steady stream of magnetite as a side effect.\nNew vehicle: mag rovers: These guys are used to build magnetite mines and gather magnetite from them.\nNew Tech: Solar Wind deflection theory: unlocks the collection and use of magnetite to build electromagnets to reduce colonists exposure to solar radiation.\nNew Tech: Core conditioning: unlocks structures that are used to dig down to and change the makeup of the planet's core, specifically to molten iron so that it can generate a powerful and permanent magnetic field.\nNew Terraforming stats: Distance to core and core viscosity:Distance to core determines how far down the core driller has gone and how much distance it has before it can be upgraded to a core filler. The core viscosity stat determines the base rad exposure rate that a colonist would be subjected to if they were to be outside the range of all magnets on the map. As this stat lowers, the base rad exposure lowers, until eventually both equal 0 and the planet now has a working and permanent magnetic field.\nNew buildings: Core driller and core filler: These two core buildings will be responsible for drilling down to the core and filling it with molten iron so that the planet develops a powerfull magnetic field of it's own.\nCore driller: Has a change to produce massive spurts of either ore, gold, alu, or ura at the end of each worker round and would provide a constant supply of magnetite. The deeper the driller digs(based on the distance to core stat), the better chance for better resources and better amounts of resources. Subtracts from the \"distance to core\" terraforming stat. There can be only one core driller on the field at a time.\nCore filler: once the core driller has reduced the distance to core to zero feet, it can be upgraded to a core filler. This building consumes massive amounts of iron and uranium to both fill and heat the core. The core filler decreases the core viscosity stat. Once the stat reaches 0, radiation comes a thing of the past and the player can now work on planetary atmosphere if they haven't done so already. The core filler can only be obtained via upgrading the core driller, it cannot be built on it's own, thus it should not be added to the build menu.\nResources: This planet contains all of the resource nodes that are found on Red planet. The only new resource that would be added here, and untradable(since it wouldn't be needed elsewhere) is magnetite. There should be no added difficulty regarding resources or any more bottlenecks than usual besides maybe a bottleneck concerning magnetite. This will be a planet that either UE or LIS can colonize. Since there is no atmosphere, zolarg are out of the picture, and so are reptilians since their slaves don't have space suits yet.\nRight now this is just a concept that I am sharing with everyone. I have no images to help my cause on this one as of yet, and I don't have much time for now to draw anything since drawing takes me hours to do that I don't have. If you like this idea, please vote on it or send us some pictures that could be put in the game if this idea is even partially used.\nI like the Idea of magnetite and the blast furnace planet, but it would be cool it magnetite could be tradable and used for other kinds of buildings on different planets. The rads and core technology seem a little much to be added to the game. I feel like additions of that nature would be ideal after education and crime are added.\ntime said:I like the Idea of magnetite and the blast furnace planet, but it would be cool it magnetite could be tradable and used for other kinds of buildings on different planets. The rads and core technology seem a little much to be added to the game. I feel like additions of that nature would be ideal after education and crime are added.\n@time, I figured that the core feature would be too much, but if we kept the rads and went with having the player use the magnetite to build magnets that reduce exposure rate, I think that it wouldn't be too much. I mean, what other use for magnetite would there be though, and what would be the point of creating a blast furnace/mercury type planet without solar radiation or some sort of danger from the sun? Do you have any ideas that you can add?\ni like this idea and what have said Time/aaAaa in this same idea\nit can have solar erution all the week (if you play 50 hours you have a solar eruption who can break some path\nbut for the rad it can be in % or like this\npower of electromagnets / population\nit is (i think) more easy to programe\nyou can add road like this where people can walk less rad and bot drive at the top\ncan use only 1 magnet and some ore\nMagnetic roads would be tricky though. The game doesn't have any tunnel or bridge tiles yet and I'm wondering how difficult it will be for bast to add them. I'm going to guess that it will be hard before you can only enter and exit tunnels and bridges from certain directions, while colonists can get on and off of a road in any direction. It would be interesting to see how bast accomplishes this feat. Maybe he might have them act like buildings that can be placed on a specific texture type, with entry squares only being on the ends instead of all the way around. like all other buildings. But at the same time, colonists can't walk through buildings, so he may have to figure something else out.\nThanks Time and mars for voting on this. Just moving this back to the top where everyone can see it.\nsorry but i understand only the half of your last post\nyou want to i creat a new topic or delet my old or a other thing ?"
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https://www.brugbart.com/tag/ai-education | <urn:uuid:8c66da67-a11d-412b-84b0-92d68405d3f4> | 0 | UNK | [
"Math tutoring has evolved. Traditional face-to-face sessions are no longer the only option for students who need help. With the rise of virtual platforms, students can access expert tutors from anywhere, making learning more flexible and effective.\nFor students who struggle with math, technology is a game-changer. Virtual tutoring provides personalized guidance, instant feedback, and interactive lessons. A high school math tutor Asheville can now offer customized support through video calls, digital whiteboards, and AI-powered tools, helping students easily grasp complex concepts.\nWhy Virtual Math Tutoring Works\nTechnology-driven tutoring goes beyond convenience. It enhances understanding through engaging visual aids, real-time assessments, and adaptive learning techniques. Many online platforms use artificial intelligence to assess students’ progress and adjust lessons accordingly.\nCollaboration tools like shared documents and virtual whiteboards allow students and tutors to work through problems together. This interactive approach makes learning more engaging than passive video lectures or textbook exercises.\nBreaking Down Barriers to Learning\nAccessibility is one of the biggest advantages of virtual math tutoring. Students in remote areas, those with busy schedules, or those who feel anxious about in-person sessions can benefit from online instruction. The flexibility of scheduling means students can get help when they need it most, whether it’s after school, on weekends, or even late at night.\nAdditionally, virtual tutoring platforms often provide recorded sessions. This allows students to revisit explanations and reinforce their understanding at their own pace.\nThe Role of AI in Personalized Math Tutoring\nArtificial intelligence is revolutionizing education. AI-driven tutors analyze mistakes, identify patterns, and recommend targeted exercises. This level of personalization helps students master difficult topics faster.\nChatbots and AI-powered assistants are also becoming more common. They can answer quick questions, provide step-by-step solutions, and even generate practice problems based on a student’s skill level.\nEngaging Students with Gamification\nGamification is making math more enjoyable. Many virtual tutoring platforms integrate game-like elements such as leaderboards, badges, and rewards. These features motivate students to complete lessons, practice problems, and challenge themselves.\nEducational apps like Prodigy and Khan Academy use gamification techniques to make learning feel less like a chore and more like an interactive experience.\nChallenges of Virtual Math Tutoring\nWhile online tutoring offers many benefits, it’s not without challenges. Some students may struggle with self-discipline in a virtual setting. Without a physical classroom environment, distractions can be a problem.\nInternet connectivity and technical issues can also disrupt lessons. However, most platforms have solutions such as offline access, chat support, and troubleshooting guides to minimize disruptions.\nThe Future of Math Education\nAs technology advances, virtual math tutoring will continue to evolve. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) may soon play a bigger role in making abstract concepts more tangible. AI will become even more sophisticated, offering deeper insights into student learning behaviors.\nUltimately, combining human expertise and technology shapes a future where math education is more effective, engaging, and accessible for all students.\nVirtual tutoring is changing the way students learn math. It offers personalized, interactive, and flexible support, making complex concepts easier to grasp. With advancements in AI, gamification, and collaboration tools, technology will continue to play a vital role in math education.\nFor students looking for expert guidance, virtual platforms provide a valuable resource. Whether struggling with algebra or preparing for exams, the right tutor can significantly affect learning outcomes."
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https://www.civilserviceindia.com/subject/Essay/education-without-values-is-useful-or-a-complete-waste1.html | <urn:uuid:20b9e4b0-299e-4bdc-b91b-97845d1ef894> | 0 | UNK | [
"Education without values, is useful or a complete waste.\nEducation is a process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of Knowledge, Skills, Values, Beliefs, and Habits which are essential parts in leading a proper life. Acquiring knowledge means knowing how things are going on, Why, Where, When, In What Way and so on. Acquiring Skills means gain the procedure or way to perform a particular activity or thing. Acquiring values means know what type of conduct or end state of existence is preferred socially or personally by others with whom we interact. Beliefs means a practice to follow on with other people i.e. in what way things are going on, will go, and would lead to and adopting the same in ones actions. Habits are the things that usually developed based on ones’ interest that means an act of doing a particular activity regularly.\nAccording to me Education means betterment of life through learning step by step on the areas of ones’ own interest. If we question ourselves “Why people need education?” we could easily find this answer more relevant. Betterment means enhancement or improvement or doing things more properly, systematically and so on. Thus Education makes oneself to lead a perfect life. Here we also need to know the types of education. Basically there are two types of education one is formal education and the other is informal education. Formal education means the regular studies right from the school to college level i.e. from primary education to higher educations. Informal education means studying privately on self interest without any regular connection with any institute. This could happen by purchasing books, reading newspaper, magazines, watching Television, listening radio and today surfing internet and browsing topics based on their self interest and learning more and more to gain deeper knowledge on ones selected areas.\nAs we all know that Man is a social animal he has to live with others and so he has to know the values to lead a better life. Education without values cannot be useful at all because anyone has to live a life that is acceptable by others. If we consider the term ‘values’ it means that “values are ones’ end state of existence or mode of living being acceptable or preferable by others’ end state of existence or code of conduct”. Right from the home to work every person need to possess values. Education is one such activity where people used to know the values in different aspects of life. For instance at home a person should know how to behave with parents, brothers, sisters, cousins, grand parents, uncles, aunts, neighbours, friends, relatives and others who ever approaches their family regularly. In the same way at work one should also learn how to behave with ones’ superior, subordinates, peers and others who ever approaches them as a part of their work.\nIf a person’s education never provides them with the way to behave with others it cannot be called as education at all. And also it could lead to different negative consequences. So such type of education will lead to diminishing or degrading of the person, education system, that region or state as well as the nation at large. Whether in a formal process of education or informal process of education one should know how to lead a valuable life in three major phases as follows:\n- Know the meaning of education first and then think of their interested areas and start their process of learning in order to become a role model.\n- After choosing their concerned area of interest they should also know more on values i.e. at the end what they want to become for that they should be clear with their terminal values and\n- To achieve their ultimate objective they should also know what type of character they must possess means more on instrumental values.\nThus the people who lead a valuable life will become the role models in their concerned areas of interest like the Nobel prize winner Amartya Sen in Economic Sciences, the Indian Jurist, Economist, Politician and Social Reformer Dr. B.R.Ambedkar, Freedom fighter Mahatma Gandhi, Social servant Mother Teresa, Cricket player Sachin Tendulkar, Singer Latha Mangeshkar and so on. So, I strongly opine that Education without values is not at all useful and could also say that it is merely waste.\n- Education without moral values is no education at all\n- Education without values makes a man clever devil\n- Education without values education is incomplete\n- Speech on education without values is no education\n- education without values is a complete waste\n- Good education is nothing without strong moral values\n- Education is Incomplete without Values\n- Education without Moral and Human Values is Meaningless\n- without moral values education is incomplete\n- without moral values education is complete waste\n- Education without a sturdy value system is waste"
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https://www.civilserviceindia.com/subject/Law/notes/amending-power.html | <urn:uuid:ea01b974-8fd6-4946-a1c2-b506c0b9db8b> | 0 | UNK | [
"Theory of basic structure: a limitation on amending power\nThe validity of constitution (24th amendment) Act 1971, was challenged in keshvananda bharti vs. state of kerala (AIR 1973 SC 1461). This 13 judge bench decided that 24th amendment is valid and the power to amend the constitution is found in Art. 368 itself. Further the court recognized that there is a distinction between ordinary law and constitutional law. This could impliedly mean that Art.368 confers power to even abridge a fundamental right and to this extent, Golaknath case was overruled. But 7 of judges held that power of amendment under article 368 is subject to certain implied and inherent limitations and that in the exercise of amending the basic structure or frame-work of the constitution. So the majority was of the opinion that the amending power under article 368 is subject to the qualification that this amending power cannot be exercised to alter the basic structure of the framework of the constitution. Such as (1) Supremacy of the constitution. (2) Republican and democratic form of govt. (3) Secular character of constitution. (4) Separation of power. (5) Federal character of constitution\nIn Indira Gandhi vs. Raj Narain (AIR 1975 SC 2299), the sc referred to keshava nanda bharti case and accepted the doctrine of basic structure of frame work of constitution. The validity of thirty ninth amendment (1975) of the constitution was in question. This amendment excluded judicial review of election and law relating to elections. This amendment was held to be invalid by the SC.as it altered a basic feature of the constitution; the judicial review in election disputes.\nTo neutralise the affect of doctrine of the basic structure, the Govt. enacted the constitution (42ND Amendment) Act.1979 and added clauses (4) and (5) to art. 368 which provided for exclusion of judicial review of amendments of the constitution made before or after the 42nd Amendment. It also declared that there shall be no limitation on the amending power of the parliament under article 368. The court held that clause (4) and (5) of art. 368 are unconstitutional as it affects the basic structure of the constitution i.e. judicial review. However, there was difference of opinion on validity of amended article 31-C which gave primacy to all Directive principles over the fundamental rights. Although the minority declared void the amended article 31-C, justice Bhagwati (minority judgment) upheld it by giving a restrictive interpretation in terms of doctrine of basic structure.\nIn Minerva mills vs. union of India (air 1980 sc 1789) The SC by 4 to 1 majority struck down clauses (4) and (5) of article 368 inserted by the 42nd amendment as these clauses destroyed the essential features of the basic structure of the constitution. And held that the following are basic structure of the constitution:\n- limited power of parliament to amend the constitution;\n- harmony and balance between fundamental rights and directive principles;\n- fundamental rights in certain cases;\n- power of judicial review in certain cases;\nIndependence of judiciary is part of the basic structure.\nIn Woman Rao vs. Union of India (AIR 1881 SC 271) The supreme court held that all amendment to the constitution which were made before April 24th, 1973(i.e.. the date on which the judgment of Keshvananda Bharti was delivered )including those by which the ninth schedule to the constitution was amended from time to time were valid and constitutional.\nIn S.P. Sampat kumar vs. union of India (AIR 1987 SC 271), the Supreme Court upheld the validity of art. 323-A and the Act as the necessary changes suggested by the court were incorporated in the Administrative Tribunal Act.\nIn a landmark judgment in L.Chandra kumar vs. union of India (AIR 1997 SC 1125) a seven-member constitutional bench of the supreme court has unanimously while reconsidering the SAMPATH KUMAR'S CASE, has struck down clause 2(d) of articles 323A and clause 3(d) pf art. 323B which provided for the exclusion of the jurisdiction of the high courts under articles 226 and 227 and the Supreme Court under article 32 of the constitution as unconstitutional and invalid as they damage the power of judicial review which is the basic structure of the constitution."
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https://www.connectradio.fm/abc-health/why-moderna-says-its-vaccine-efficacy-in-children-is-better-than-it-seems | <urn:uuid:d4b93e93-b744-4914-bf4f-2a7b68a98525> | 0 | UNK | [
"(NEW YORK) — Moderna’s bid for FDA authorization for its two-dose vaccine for children comes with lower efficacy against infection than previous vaccines, but the company and some experts say it will offer strong protection against illness from tougher strains like Omicron.\nThe pharmaceutical company submitted the request on Thursday to the Food and Drug Administration to authorize its two-dose vaccine for kids 6 months to 5 years old.\nModerna CEO Stéphane Bancel said in a statement, “We believe mRNA-1273 will be able to safely protect these children against SARS-CoV-2, which is so important in our continued fight against COVID-19, and will be especially welcomed by parents and caregivers.”\nThe vaccine was found to be roughly 51% effective against infection for children under 2, and 37% effective among children 2 to 5. Importantly, the study was performed mostly during the Omicron surge. When the vaccines were first released in early 2021, Moderna’s vaccine efficacy was 90% for children 5-11 years old.\nIs an efficacy of 37-51% good enough?\nDr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, says that it’s not fair to compare efficacy from the early trial days to today. When the Moderna vaccine trial was being tested for 5-11 year olds, Delta was the predominant variant and the vaccine was shown to be 90% effective, he noted.\nBut the new vaccine was shown to be 37% effective when Omicron was predominant, he noted.\n“It’s not that Omicron is more contagious, it’s that it’s more immunoevasive, Offit told ABC News. “Even if you have been vaccinated with two doses of the vaccine, you are not going to be as well protected against mild illness as you would against Delta and that’s the problem.”\nNotably, these efficacy numbers are roughly equivalent to the protection against Omicron infection that you would expect to see among adults who also got a two-dose vaccine.\nWhat about protection against severe illness?\nNo children in the Moderna study became severely sick, the company reports. The company was unable to provide an efficacy estimate for its ability to prevent severe illness. But, given evidence that children in the trials developed an antibody response similar to that in adults, there’s hope that the vaccines will offer strong protection against serious illness.\n“You will have trouble doing a trial big enough that is going to find serious illness in the less than 6-year-olds” Offit said. But among children 5 to 11 during the Omicron wave, while effectiveness against mild disease was low, there was good protection against severe illness which he says is the goal of the vaccine.\nAmong older children 5-11, being vaccinated dramatically reduced the risk of winding up in the hospital, with the CDC estimating that 9 out of 10 children who were hospitalized during the omicrons surge were unvaccinated.\nIs it safe?\nABC News contributor Dr. Alok Patel of Stanford Children’s Health says of the most recent Moderna trial, “It was safe, and there were no reported cases of serious adverse events or myocarditis or heart inflammation.”\nAccording to a Moderna press release from March on the clinical trial, fever greater than 40 degrees Celsius was seen in only 0.2% of children per age group. In addition, there was no pericarditis, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or death in the study. No study pause rules were met and no safety concerns were identified in either age group during the clinical trial.\nWhen can we expect the FDA to make a final decision?\nIt will be up to the FDA and its advisors to debate and discuss the merits of Moderna’s application, which will tentatively take place in June.\n“I think every day that [kids] are without a vaccine is obviously another day that somebody can get infected, can get hospitalized. So I would hope that, you know, they can move as quickly as possible,” Dr. Paul Burton, chief medical officer at Moderna, told ABC News.\n“It will hopefully tell parents that this vaccine is not only safe, but it will prevent against severe illness, hospitalization—which is the goal of vaccines,” Dr. Patel said.\nCopyright © 2022, ABC Audio. All rights reserved."
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https://www.csmonitor.com/1990/1002/dbkurz.html | <urn:uuid:48ac3e9c-9c4a-42e6-8b59-2c1f7689a15e> | 0 | UNK | [
"Trying to Make Computers More Like Humans\nTHE best computer chess machine in the world, Deep Thought, can evaluate a million different chess positions every second. In the middle of a typical game, Deep Thought looks ahead more than five moves for each player; evaluating more than 150 million boards, it takes between two and three minutes to reach its calculated decision. Richard Reti, one of the great chess masters of this century, was once asked how many moves he looked ahead. ``One,'' said Reti. ``The right one.''\nThis vignette illustrates the key difference between the way people approach problems themselves and the way they program computers to solve problems. The fact that this story is missing from Raymond Kurzweil's new book on artificial intelligence, ``The Age of Intelligent Machines,'' is symptomatic of the book's key failing.\nComputers are fast but dumb. They have a perfect memory, but no innate system for organizing the facts that they remember.\nHumans are comparatively slow thinkers, but can make every thought count. And while human memory is far less than perfect, we automatically draw associations and connections between new things as we learn them.\nKurzweil is the founder of Kurzweil Computer Products and Kurzell Applied Intelligence. His book is a tour de force history of artificial intelligence (AI), the branch of computer science that tries to make computers more like humans. The author follows the philosophy of intelligence from ancient Greece, through the Renaissance, to modern times. He follows the history of computers from the mechanical tabulating machines used in the United States' census of 1890, through the electronic computers developed during World War II, to the modern microcomputers of today. He teaches the reader about the Turing Test, a method devised by the British mathematician Alan Turing to determine if a computer is actually ``thinking.'' Kurzweil describes the advances artificial intelligence has made possible and speculates on what the future may bring.\nBut Kurzweil's book suffers from many of the problems that afflict the machines he wishes to demystify. Although the book is orderly, it is not organized. Each invention or development is neatly placed in its own chapter or section, but the reader is left awash trying to figure out how everything fits together.\nToday there are computer programs that can play chess, that can respond to commands typed in English, even programs that feign psychoanalysis. But no single program can do all these things. Perhaps more important, these computer programs do not know what they do. They are not self-aware or ``intelligent.''\nNevertheless, there is still an amazing number of tasks that these so-called intelligent machines can do, from robots that build cars to computers that score musical works.\nBut for the most part, Kurzweil does not explain how this magic takes place, he simply says it does. When he uses examples, he does not show how they work, he merely asserts that they do.\nDetails are missing throughout. The sections describing the history of philosophy and computers contain only enough historical details to whet the reader's appetite.\nKurzweil's pedantic style often lapses into bouts of techno-jargon. ``There is sufficient sequential speed to perform extensive recursive search in the problem space,'' he writes, discussing an important advantage of computers over human brains (they can do things really fast). Many humans reading the sentence may themselves find need of an ``extensive recursive search'' to figure out just what this sentence means.\n``The Age of Intelligent Machines'' does have its moments. After describing a telephone of the future that will use computerized speech recognition, automatic language translation, and speech synthesis to let a person who speaks only English have a conversation with a person who speaks only French, Kurzweil concludes: ``Overcoming the language barrier will result in a more tightly integrated world economy and society. We shall be able to talk more easily to more people, but our ability to misunderstand each other will remain undisturbed.''\nThe best part of this book is its last chapter, where Kurzweil speculates on what future artificial intelligence may bring to the world. Also notable are the many essays and articles that other authors have contributed. But the language and presentation make this a difficult book to tackle, especially for readers not versed in computers and AI - presumably Kurzweil's intended audience."
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https://www.defeatdd.org/blog/mind-gappd-pivotal-new-resource-offers-global-and-local-strategies-overcome-leading-child-kill/ | <urn:uuid:25e335c9-9d45-4cac-b671-5b1e078f0f8c> | 0 | UNK | [
"Mind the GAPPD—A pivotal new resource offers global and local strategies to overcome leading child killers\nThis week, we celebrate integration. Though it is intrinsically at the heart of what we and our partners do in addressing myriad global health challenges through thoughtful, efficient strategies, today integration is particularly at the fore. For the very first time, there is a global plan to simultaneously take on the two diseases killing more than 2 million young children each year: pneumonia and diarrhea.\nThe Integrated Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia and Diarrhoea (GAPPD), released today by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, provides the latest strategies and evidence needed to reduce death and illness from the two leading killer diseases among children. Beyond integration across the two diseases, the GAPPD is an opportunity to meld global and local agendas, giving national governments a comprehensive tool to determine the specific plans, investments, and partners needed to address the unique needs of their countries and achieve the greatest health impact for their citizens.\nGlobal prioritization can only make a difference if it spurs complementary urgency among national governments where diarrhea and pneumonia still claim far too many lives. Engagement among national officials, health ministers, civil society, the private sector, donor agencies, multilateral institutions, and vulnerable communities is an ideal reflection of the GAPPD’s integration of prevention and treatment strategies and its combined focus on diarrhea and pneumonia.\nThrough integration, the GAPPD pairs prevention with treatment, pneumonia with diarrhea, and applies several proven interventions like ORS and zinc to pursue the greatest possible impact for children worldwide.\nClinical workers from Cambodia to Kenya know well that neither diarrhea nor pneumonia occurs in a vacuum. These diseases are often linked in a vicious cycle that exploits weakened immune systems struggling to overcome co-infections and threatened by basic environmental perils. By the same token, the good news is that many of the solutions needed to fight pneumonia and diarrhea are complementary. The GAPPD provides a framework to protect children, prevent disease, and treat those who do become sick using proven interventions that we know work against both diarrhea and pneumonia, like vaccines, proper nutrition, safe water, sanitation, and integrated case management.\nPATH is working to integrate our work related to diarrhea and pneumonia across a range of countries and platforms to contribute to this critical global health priority, aligned with the GAPPD framework. Specifically, we will be partnering with governments, international organizations, private-sector entities, and others to maximize utilization of critical interventions proven to reduce illness and deaths from these killers of children – and holding ourselves accountable for achieving clear results.\nWe will, for example, be building on our work in Cambodia, where about 9,100 children under the age of five die from pneumonia every year, and 2,300 die from diarrhea,integration is already at work.Since 2005, PATH has helped Cambodian officials implement clinical and community interventions that integrate diarrhea and pneumonia control, particularly in rural communities where child deaths are highest. Policy changes at the national level are cascading to provincial, district, and village levels, and empowering volunteers and caregivers to spark change and achieve lasting impact. During a one-year demonstration project, village health volunteers trained through the project hosted more than 450 mother classes, reaching more than 11,000 pregnant women and caregivers with lifesaving messages on pneumonia and diarrhea prevention and treatment. In parallel, Cambodia’s national investment provides a model for the translation of integrated policies into action plans and interventions in other vulnerable communities.\nMothers’ classes in rural Cambodian communities brought messages of diarrhea and pneumonia prevention and treatment directly to families. In a pilot project that is now expanding nationwide, PATH reached more than 11,000 caregivers.\nWith support secured from the world’s leading health authorities, the call now shifts to national governments to translate this global framework into reality in the clinics and communities that battle childhood diarrhea and pneumonia every day. The GAPPD offers guidance on tapping into the strengths of national programs that already combine diarrhea and pneumonia interventions; on clarifying roles, responsibilities, and accountability across ministries, sectors and partners; and on dedicating resources to reduce health inequality and reach those in greatest need.\nIn addition to our commitment to working at country level to ensure access to life-saving diarrhea and pneumonia interventions, we also are helping to turn the action plan into health impact. For example, PATH and World Vision International developed an advocacy toolkit for in-country NGOs and CSOs. GAPPD messages, advocacy actions, and template materials (press release, brief, letter) can be tailored for each country context.\nToday’s launch of the GAPPD with its complementary resources is a reminder of the crucial value of collaboration and integrated efforts: Global and local officials must work together. Stakeholders such as civil society and the private sector must work together. Governments must engage health workers who must in turn work with their communities, so that diarrhea and pneumonia can be overcome… together.\n— Steve Davis, President and CEO, PATH\nPhoto 1: PATH/Hope Randall\nPhotos 2 and 3: PATH/Heng Chivoan\nSteve Davis headshot: Auston James"
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https://www.dentaljuce.com/skull-bones-facial-bones | <urn:uuid:9c58f628-5f34-411e-8f22-5759f2ccef14> | 0 | UNK | [
"Welcome to our comprehensive online course on the Bones of the Skull, designed specifically for dental professionals to master the anatomy of the skull, enhancing diagnostic and treatment skills in dental practice.\nPerfect for ORE, LDS, BDS, Royal College Exams.\nThe aim of this course is to provide dental professionals with a comprehensive understanding of the anatomy of the skull, including the identification of its bones, sutures, sinuses, and key structures, to enhance diagnostic and treatment skills in dental practice.\n- To enable participants to accurately list, identify, and describe the bones of the cranium and facial skull, including their significant features.\n- To equip participants with the knowledge to locate and name the major suture lines, paranasal sinuses, orbital walls, nasal structures, and the bony openings of the skull.\nAnticipated learning outcomes:\nThe learner will, with respect to the components that he or she has elected to study as listed below:- be able to list and identify the bones of the cranium and facial skull, detailing their important anatomical features.\n- be able to locate and name the major suture lines of the skull and the articulating bones that form these sutures.\n- be able to define the paranasal sinuses and accurately identify the location of each sinus.\n- be able to name the bones that constitute the walls of the orbit and identify the various openings associated with the orbit.\n- be able to identify the bones and structures that form the nasal septum and nasal conchae, and precisely locate the hyoid bone.\n- be able to identify the bony openings of the skull, noting their locations and associated structures.\nGDC Development Outcomes\nThis CPD will support the learner in meeting the following GDC Development Outcome(s): C."
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https://www.earth.com/news/fathers-diet-impacts-the-health-of-his-future-children/ | <urn:uuid:ffb3c0cf-2cf8-42c9-baa8-26146450b6af> | 0 | UNK | [
"The experts examined the role of special small RNA molecules in sperm, known as mitochondrial tRNA fragments (mt-tsRNAs), which are crucial for gene expression regulation.\nFathers pass their genetic material to their unborn children, specifically through their sperm. Each sperm cell carries one set of 23 chromosomes, which includes genes that contribute to various traits and characteristics of the child.\nThis genetic information combines with the genetic material from the mother’s egg, which also contains 23 chromosomes, to form a new set of 46 chromosomes in the child.\nThe combined genetic material influences everything from physical traits like eye color and height to genetic predispositions and certain health conditions.\nThe study utilized data from the LIFE Child cohort, which includes over 3,000 families. Analyses revealed that a father’s body weight influences the weight and metabolic disease susceptibility of their children, independent of maternal weight, parental genetics, or environmental factors.\nTo confirm their findings, the team conducted experiments with mice fed a high-fat diet. This diet affected the animals’ reproductive organs, including the epididymis, where sperm matures.\n“Our study shows that sperm exposed to a high-fat diet in the mouse epididymis led to offspring with an increased tendency to metabolic diseases,” said senior author Raffaele Teperino, head of the Environmental Epigenetics research group at Helmholtz. This indicates that a father’s diet can have significant implications for his offspring’s health.\nFurther laboratory studies revealed that mt-tsRNAs from sperm influenced gene expression in early embryos. This supports the hypothesis that acquired traits can be transmitted epigenetically across generations.\n“Our hypothesis that acquired phenotypes over the course of life, such as diabetes and obesity, are transmitted via epigenetic mechanisms across generations, is reinforced by this study,” explained co-author Martin Hrabě de Angelis, Research Director at Helmholtz Munich.\n“Our results suggest that preventive health care for men wishing to become fathers should receive more attention and that programs should be developed for this purpose, especially with regard to diet,” Teperino concluded.\nMitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell, containing their own DNA separate from the cell nucleus. Traditionally, it was believed that mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) is inherited only from mothers.\nHowever, recent research, including this study, shows that sperm carry fragments of mt-RNA into the egg during fertilization. These mt-tsRNAs play a significant role in epigenetics by regulating gene expression in the early embryo.\nThis means fathers have an indirect but important influence on the genetic imprinting of mitochondria and, consequently, on the energy metabolism of their children. This discovery highlights a new layer of complexity in how paternal factors can affect offspring health.\n“Our study supports the importance of paternal health at conception for offspring metabolism; shows that mt-tRNAs are diet-induced and sperm-borne; and demonstrates, in a physiological setting, father-to-offspring transfer of sperm mitochondrial RNAs at fertilization,” wrote the study authors.\nThe maternal diet plays a critical role in shaping the health and development of an unborn child.\nNutrients and other dietary components consumed by the mother provide the foundational building blocks for the child’s growth and development.\nFor example, essential nutrients like folic acid, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids directly support the development of the fetal brain, bones, and vital organs.\nAn adequate intake of these nutrients can significantly reduce the risk of developmental abnormalities and chronic health issues in the child.\nOn the other hand, a diet lacking in these vital nutrients or one that is unbalanced can lead to complications.\nInsufficient folic acid, for example, increases the risk of neural tube defects, while inadequate calcium can affect the skeletal development of the fetus.\nMoreover, excessive consumption of harmful elements like sugar and unhealthy fats can predispose the child to obesity, diabetes, and even cardiovascular diseases later in life.\nThe impact of the maternal diet isn’t confined only to physical health; it can also affect the child’s cognitive development and immune function.\nThe study is published in the journal Nature.\nLike what you read? Subscribe to our newsletter for engaging articles, exclusive content, and the latest updates."
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https://www.explainingwhy.com/technology-and-computing/video-games/explain-why-some-video-games-require-a-permanent-internet-connection-to-work/ | <urn:uuid:7b3d326b-1789-437f-8557-c533710d00af> | 0 | UNK | [
"Some video games require a permanent Internet connection to function because they rely on remote servers for various aspects such as player authentication, game updates, or online data storage.\nSome games require a constant connection to regularly verify that you are indeed the owner of the game (authentication). The server checks that you are not using a pirated or modified copy. If your game is questionable, boom, it blocks access. This also significantly reduces the risks of piracy and enhances the security of the game server. In short, it's a kind of discreet but effective digital guard.\nRecent video games often integrate multiplayer features, which involve playing online with other gamers. They use a centralized server to coordinate the exchange of information: character positions, collected items, or ongoing strategies. For this, a constant connection is required to instantly communicate all these elements in real-time. Some games also prioritize interactions between players, such as cooperative modes, direct confrontations, or community events. All of this makes a permanent internet connection essential, without which these multiplayer aspects would be impossible to manage effectively and without lag.\nSome games require a constant connection because they save your progress on a remote server rather than just on your console or computer. This allows you to pick up exactly where you left off from any device, or even after reinstalling the game. When you complete a mission or unlock a new level, this data is immediately sent to the developer's servers for storage and to keep your progress up to date everywhere. Without this real-time synchronization, you could lose all your progress in the event of hardware or software issues. For example, in games like Destiny 2 or The Division, everything you do is constantly shared online to keep your performance and rewards updated across all your platforms.\nModern video games often evolve after their release thanks to regular updates. These updates fix annoying bugs, improve gameplay, or balance certain mechanics. Sometimes, they even bring entirely new content, such as additional characters or special challenges. To ensure that everyone has access to these changes at the same time and to maintain consistency in the experience, a permanent connection is often required. This allows the game to automatically apply these fixes and stay continuously up to date. Without it, it's impossible to have all players on the same page.\nSome video games require a constant Internet connection mainly to prevent players from using cheats, modified software, or other types of cheating during their matches. By continuously monitoring what happens during the game, servers can directly detect suspicious behaviors, thus preventing some clever players from cheating quietly on their own. This can include, for example, preventing the abusive use of unlimited tricks, identifying players using hacks, or regularly checking the integrity of the game files to block any unauthorized modifications. Essentially, keeping the game always connected greatly reduces the chances of some sneaky players ruining the experience for others by cheating.\nIf your Internet connection is interrupted, you may temporarily lose access to the game or lose your unsaved progress. Some games automatically save data online to minimize this loss, but a prolonged interruption may completely prevent you from continuing the game.\nIt varies greatly depending on the type of game, but generally, the bandwidth consumption for checking permissions, synchronizing data, or performing updates is relatively low. On the other hand, intensive multiplayer games, massively open worlds, or those with constantly downloaded resources can consume more data.\nA permanent internet connection allows publishers to regularly perform checks to detect and correct cases of cheating more effectively. While it does not completely prevent cheating, it drastically limits its possibilities and facilitates the quick detection of malicious players.\nSure! Here’s the translation: \"Yes, many video games allow offline play in solo mode or offer optional offline modes. If your connection is unstable or limited, it is advisable to check the game's description and requirements before purchasing to avoid issues related to online-only games.\"\nUnfortunately, if a game requires a constant internet connection, it will generally be impossible to play without being connected. However, some games may offer limited offline features, but the majority require a permanent connection for technical or security reasons.\n0% of respondents passed this quiz completely!"
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https://www.favor.pet/2025/05/dogs-forced-into-situations-actually.html | <urn:uuid:0bc04a85-8fcf-45cd-9365-b5efda5b3191> | 0 | UNK | [
"Understanding Your Dog's Silent Signals\nDid you know? When dogs are forced into something or feel uncomfortable, they might display certain behaviors that quietly say to you, \"I really don't want this, can we please stop?\"\nIf owners fail to notice these subtle \"refusal signals\" that show their dog is feeling wronged or distressed, it can lead to prolonged stress for the animal. This ongoing stress not only affects their health but can also damage the trust between dog and owner.\nPaying close attention to your dog's body language and respecting their boundaries is essential for building a happy, healthy, and trusting relationship.\n5 Common \"Calming Signals\" Dogs Use to Say No\nUnderstanding Dog Yawning: More Than Just Sleepiness\nWhen dogs yawn, it's not always simply because they are tired or want to sleep. In many cases, this behavior serves a different purpose: it helps them calm themselves down. This is known as a \"stress-induced yawn\".\nFor example, you might notice your dog yawning frequently when you are getting ready to leave the house, when they feel neglected for a long time, or when they are facing something they dislike. In these situations, yawning acts as a coping mechanism to reduce anxiety and stress.\nUnderstanding this subtle form of communication can help pet owners better respond to their dogs' emotional needs and create a more comforting environment for them.\nUnderstanding Your Dog's Avoiding Eye Contact\nHave you ever noticed that when you're scolding your dog, or getting ready to give them a bath or trim their nails, they suddenly become experts at avoiding eye contact? They just don't want to look you in the eye. This isn't your dog pretending to be clueless; rather, it's their way of communicating through body language, silently telling you, \"Please, have mercy on me!\"\nAvoiding eye contact is a common canine behavior that signals discomfort, submission, or a plea for kindness. When your dog turns their gaze away, they're trying to de-escalate the situation and show that they mean no harm. Understanding this subtle cue can help strengthen the bond between you and your furry friend, making stressful moments easier for both of you.\nUnderstanding Dog Ear Positions: What It Means When Their Ears Are Pinned Back\nWhen a dog pins its ears back, it is often a natural response to feelings of nervousness, unease, or fear. This ear position is a classic sign of stress in dogs. Along with pinned-back ears, dogs may also tuck their tails and curl their bodies, which are additional indicators of anxiety or discomfort.\nDogs communicate a lot through their body language, and the position of their ears is a key signal. Ears that are pulled back and flattened against the head typically indicate that the dog is feeling threatened, fearful, or stressed. This can happen in response to unfamiliar environments, loud noises, or other stressors.\nBesides ears, other body cues such as a tucked tail and a crouched posture often accompany this stressed state. These behaviors are part of the dog's way to appease perceived threats and to protect itself by appearing smaller and less confrontational.\nRecognizing these signs is important for dog owners to provide comfort and reduce their pet's stress. Observing the full body language, not just the ears, helps to accurately understand what a dog is feeling and how best to support them.\nIn summary, ears pinned back are a clear and classic stress response in dogs, often paired with tail tucking and body curling, signaling that the dog is anxious, scared, or uneasy.\nWhy Dogs Lick Their Nose\nWhen a dog licks its nose, it is often not because something is stuck on it. Instead, this behavior can be a way for the dog to calm itself down. Nose licking is a form of self-soothing, especially common when dogs feel anxious or stressed.\nThe Meaning Behind Nose Licking\nDogs rely heavily on their noses to understand the world around them. Keeping their noses moist by licking helps them enhance their sense of smell. However, beyond the functional aspect, nose licking also serves as a calming signal. When dogs experience discomfort, anxiety, or pressure, they may lick their noses repeatedly to pacify themselves and reduce stress.\nThis action is often observed in situations where the dog feels uneasy or overwhelmed. It can be a subtle sign that the dog is trying to regain composure. Owners noticing frequent nose licking in their dogs during stressful moments should consider the dog's emotional state and provide comfort accordingly.\nIn summary, nose licking in dogs is not always about cleaning or tasting something on their nose. It is frequently an effort to self-calm and a behavioral cue indicating anxiety or stress. Understanding this helps owners better interpret their dog's emotional needs and respond with empathy.\nUnderstanding Your Dog's Sudden Scratching and Shaking\nWhen you are giving your dog a bath or brushing its fur, you might notice that it suddenly starts scratching itself or vigorously shaking its whole body. These behaviors are actually ways your dog is releasing stress or even expressing protest.\nDogs often feel vulnerable during grooming sessions, as these activities involve close contact and sometimes unfamiliar sensations. The sudden scratching or shaking acts as a natural coping mechanism to relieve tension and regain comfort. It can also be a subtle way for your dog to communicate discomfort or resistance to what's happening.\nUnderstanding these signals is important for building trust and ensuring a positive grooming experience. If your dog frequently exhibits such behaviors, try to make the environment more calming, use gentle handling techniques, and take breaks when needed. This approach helps your dog feel safe and reduces stress during grooming.\nRemember, patience and empathy go a long way in strengthening the bond between you and your furry friend.\nWhat to Do When Your Dog Says \"No\"\nWhen your dog expresses resistance or says \"no\" through certain behaviors, it's important to immediately stop whatever is causing them discomfort or anxiety. Dogs communicate their feelings in subtle ways, and respecting their boundaries helps build trust and a stronger bond.\nIf the activity is a necessary part of daily care—such as bathing, nail trimming, or grooming—consider shortening the duration and breaking the task into smaller segments instead of expecting your dog to cooperate for the entire process all at once. This approach reduces stress and makes the experience more manageable for your dog.\nAdditionally, after each session or segment, be sure to offer verbal praise or treat rewards to encourage your dog. This positive reinforcement helps your dog understand that cooperating isn't so bad after all, and naturally increases their willingness to cooperate next time.\nUnderstanding Dogs' Nonverbal Communication\nDogs, unlike humans, cannot directly say \"I don't want to.\" However, they express their emotions through body language. By paying closer attention and developing a deeper understanding of these nonverbal cues, we can avoid causing them unnecessary stress.\nSince dogs rely on gestures, postures, and facial expressions to communicate how they feel, it is essential for us as their caretakers to observe these signals carefully. Recognizing signs of discomfort, anxiety, or reluctance allows us to respond appropriately and create a more harmonious relationship.\nUltimately, fostering empathy and awareness in how we interpret our dogs' behaviors not only improves their well-being but also strengthens the bond we share with them."
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https://www.freethink.com/energy/steel-industry | <urn:uuid:22aa1eef-9dbd-4015-91a1-7c042718dc44> | 0 | UNK | [
"Decarbonizing the steel industry is a crucial challenge to overcome if the world is going to meet its climate goals. Steel production contributes around 11% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, making it one of the heaviest polluting industries and a heavy-emitting sector of focus for the First Movers Coalition, an initiative seeking to aggregate demand for near-zero emissions products and services across some of the world’s most polluting industries.\nThe coalition’s mission is to drive investment and accelerate the scaling of the breakthrough technologies required to make these products by demonstrating a credible demand signal for highly decarbonized products.\nBut how can these innovative technologies be surfaced and scaled? The First Movers Coalition’s near zero steel challenge was a recently concluded global initiative by the World Economic Forum and Greenhouse, with support from partners Boston Consulting Group, Deloitte, ResponsibleSteel and RMI. It aimed at identifying which companies will supply final steel products at First Movers’ near-zero emissions thresholds by 2030, which companies seek to buy these steel products and which companies are providing the enabling technologies for highly decarbonized steel production.\nThe 70 submissions to this latter challenge of enabling technologies showcase solutions across several sub-categories that steel producers require to produce near-zero emissions steel. An expert evaluating panel whittled the 70 submissions to 17 top innovators based on relevance, feasibility, scalability, technology readiness and impact, with each technology sub-category having a top-ranked entry.\nHydrogen is a crucial enabler for near-zero emissions production processes across steel and other hard-to-abate industries and demand for the product is soaring. It can be produced from various resources such as natural gas, nuclear power, biomass and renewable power such as solar and wind.\nAlthough no greenhouse gases are emitted when hydrogen is used as an energy source, its production differentiates between a “cleaner” fuel and a fuel with near-zero emissions.\nVarious colours describe the different types of hydrogen: green hydrogen is often created by pairing electrolysis using renewable energy, while grey and blue hydrogen are typically produced through steam methane reforming or coal gasification. Blue hydrogen is made similarly to grey hydrogen but with carbon captured from the natural gas used.\nMolten Industries, a California-based company, was the steel challenge’s top-ranked green hydrogen-based submission. They focus on producing carbon-neutral hydrogen for net-zero steel using methane pyrolysis, a process in which thermal energy is applied to methane to break the chemical bond between carbon and hydrogen. As a result, graphite, a solid carbon product that can be used in lithium-ion batteries or electric arc furnace electrodes with no CO2 emissions and hydrogen gas, is produced.\nThe steelmaking technology that uses hydrogen is typically a direct reduction of iron ore, called hydrogen-based ironmaking or H2-DRI. In traditional blast furnace-basic oxygen furnaces, iron ore is reduced using carbon-based fuels such as coke (coal-based), heating furnaces up to 1,600 degrees Celsius. However, in direct reduction, hydrogen can also serve as a reducing agent: it reacts with iron ore to remove oxygen, yielding metallic iron, with H2-DRI processes operating below the melting point of iron of 1,200 degrees Celsius.\nThe highest-scoring direct reduction entry came from French company GravitHy, whose solution is powered entirely by low-carbon hydrogen. Using an integrated H2-DRI process, GravitHy can produce hot briquetted iron, a premium form of direct reduced iron for steelmaking. This hot briquetted iron can be stored and shipped long distances for use in electric arc furnaces, melters or blast furnaces to produce decarbonized steel.\nA significant constraint to the commercialization of low-carbon hydrogen is the levelized costs associated with its production process. This means there are currently a handful of pilot-scale projects producing hydrogen-based steel, such as two Swedish projects: HYBRIT (a partnership between SSAB, Vattenfall, and LKAB) and H2 Green Steel, which is due to begin producing in 2025.\nScaling the supply of green hydrogen would involve reducing costs associated with electrode technologies through innovation and surfacing technologies to store hydrogen more efficiently.\nElectrolysis is when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte (a solution containing ions) to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. In many applications, this means splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen. Electrolysis technologies efficiently produce iron, aluminium, green hydrogen and many other materials.\nBoston Metal’s Molten Oxide Electrolysis was a high-scoring electrolysis solution that creates high-purity molten iron from low-grade iron ore using only electricity. It eliminates scope one emissions attributed to steel production, reduces end customers’ scope three emissions and can be applied to any iron ore grade.\nXi’an LONGI Hydrogen Energy Technology Company also provided a high-scoring electrolyzer technology submission focusing on its new alkaline electrolyzer that continuously lowers energy consumption and improves the cost-efficiency of green hydrogen production.\nAlthough the widespread adoption of electrolysis still faces challenges related to cost, efficiency and infrastructure development, the increasing number of green hydrogen projects means electrolysis technology is likely to continue growing in popularity.\nBreakthrough furnace technologies seek to innovate the various systems, technologies and methods connected to the construction, design and operation of furnaces. Several feasible technologies already exist that could advance the decarbonization of the steel industry, such as electric arc furnaces, which are already replacing traditional, carbon-intensive blast furnace-basic oxygen furnaces in many countries.\nFinnish company Coolbrook provided the highest-ranked furnace technology. Their RotoDynamic Technology is designed to generate high-temperature process heat up to 1,700 degrees Celsius. It is powered by electrification, removing the need to burn fossil fuels to create high temperatures. It can potentially remove 600 megatonnes of iron and steel-related global CO2 emissions annually.\nCarbon capture, utilization and storage\nWhile innovative, breakthrough technologies may drastically cut steel production emissions, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology allows residual emissions and emissions from traditional blast furnace processes to be captured, particularly while deeply decarbonizing solutions remain unavailable at scale due to high-cost premiums. CCUS is also a key decarbonization lever in other sectors, such as cement and aluminium production.\nAustralian company KC8’s “UNO MK3” solution received the highest score in carbon capture, utilization and storage challenge entries. This carbon capture solution is retrofittable to large-scale emissions sources, typically has lower CAPEX and OPEX costs than amine-based carbon capture and can centralize the regeneration unit for wide-area processing such as steel mill applications.\nScaling the technologies\nNo one solution is a silver bullet to solve the steel decarbonization question. The variety of the 70 solutions submitted to the First Movers Coalition steel enabling technologies challenge demonstrates the plethora of innovative technologies being developed to reduce steel’s carbon footprint.\nTo advance decarbonization of the sector at the pace required to meet 2050 net-zero goals, increased investment in these technologies is needed to scale them, reduce their cost and implement them in steel plants worldwide. The responsibility is shared across the value chain: steel producers are required to use these technologies and end users pay a green premium while green steel remains more expensive than traditionally-produced steel.\nThe best steel challenge entries are also due to be added to the First Movers Coalition’s First Suppliers Hub database of near-zero emissions final product and value chain suppliers, which aims to foster connections between demand and supply players across the heavy-emitting sectors.\nThis article is republished from the World Economic Forum under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article."
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https://www.fuelzonesa.co.za/diesel-the-backbone-of-south-african-industry/ | <urn:uuid:e651b740-e85b-4d00-83c8-9ab4868a1731> | 0 | UNK | [
"Diesel is the lifeblood of South Africa’s economy, powering key sectors like agriculture, mining, and transportation. Its reliability, energy density, and versatility make it indispensable for industrial operations and everyday logistics. This blog takes a closer look at the role of diesel, trends in its consumption, the move towards cleaner technologies, and potential alternatives that could shape the future.\nThe Sectors Relying on Diesel\n- Diesel fuels tractors, harvesters, irrigation systems, and other machinery essential for farming. In a country where agriculture plays a significant role in food security and exports, diesel ensures operations run smoothly in remote and rural areas.\n- Backup generators, also powered by diesel, are critical during load-shedding to maintain productivity and prevent crop losses.\n- South Africa’s mining industry depends heavily on diesel-powered equipment, including haul trucks, drills, and loaders. Mines, often located in off-grid areas, require diesel for power generation and operational continuity.\n- Diesel’s reliability in extreme conditions, such as underground mining, makes it a preferred energy source.\n- Transport and Logistics:\n- Diesel is the primary fuel for long-haul trucks, buses, and other commercial vehicles. It supports the efficient movement of goods and people across the country.\n- Rail networks also rely on diesel locomotives for freight transportation, especially on routes not electrified.\nThese sectors illustrate how deeply integrated diesel is into the nation’s economic framework, highlighting its importance for sustained growth and development.\nTrends in Diesel Consumption\nDiesel consumption in South Africa has shown steady growth over the years, driven by:\n- Economic Expansion: As industries grow, so does the demand for diesel-powered machinery and vehicles.\n- Infrastructure Development: Large-scale projects require significant diesel usage for construction equipment and transport.\n- Energy Reliability: With frequent power outages, diesel generators remain a vital backup solution for businesses and households.\nHowever, recent global and local factors have influenced consumption patterns:\n- Fuel Price Volatility: The fluctuating Rand-Dollar exchange rate and global oil prices directly impact diesel costs, prompting businesses to optimize usage.\n- Environmental Concerns: Increasing awareness of diesel’s environmental impact has led to calls for reduced reliance on fossil fuels.\n- Technological Advancements: Modern diesel engines are more fuel-efficient, slightly mitigating the rise in consumption while improving performance.\nThe Shift to Cleaner Diesel Technologies\nAs environmental regulations tighten globally and locally, the diesel industry is adapting to meet sustainability goals. Cleaner diesel technologies include:\n- Low-Sulfur Diesel (LSD):\n- South Africa has phased out high-sulfur diesel in favor of low-sulfur alternatives, reducing harmful emissions and improving air quality.\n- Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs):\n- Modern vehicles are equipped with DPFs to capture soot and reduce particulate emissions.\n- Adoption of Euro Emission Standards:\n- South Africa is aligning with international emission standards, encouraging the use of advanced diesel engines that emit fewer pollutants.\nThese advancements demonstrate the industry’s commitment to balancing economic needs with environmental responsibility.\nPotential Alternatives to Diesel\nWhile diesel remains dominant, the search for sustainable alternatives is gaining momentum. Key options include:\n- Electric Vehicles (EVs):\n- EVs are making inroads in the transportation sector, especially for short-haul logistics and passenger vehicles. However, their viability in heavy industries like mining and agriculture is limited by battery technology and charging infrastructure.\n- Biodiesel, derived from organic materials like vegetable oils and animal fats, offers a renewable alternative to traditional diesel. South Africa’s agricultural sector could potentially produce biofuel feedstocks, creating a circular economy.\n- Hydrogen Fuel Cells:\n- Hydrogen-powered vehicles and equipment are emerging as a clean alternative, producing only water vapor as a byproduct. This technology holds promise for heavy-duty applications but requires significant investment in production and infrastructure.\n- Compressed Natural Gas (CNG):\n- CNG is already being used as a diesel substitute in some transport fleets. Its lower emissions and cost make it an attractive option, although availability remains limited in South Africa.\nDiesel’s role as the backbone of South African industry cannot be overstated. From powering farms and mines to keeping the transport sector moving, it is essential for the country’s economic resilience. However, as environmental concerns and technological innovations reshape the energy landscape, the industry must adapt. Cleaner diesel technologies and viable alternatives are paving the way for a more sustainable future while maintaining the reliability and efficiency that diesel provides.\nFor more insights into diesel’s role in South Africa, visit FuelZoneSA."
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https://www.getjobber.com/academy/tree-service-arborist/how-to-become-an-arborist/ | <urn:uuid:516593d0-c776-4081-a219-7f31da02fc03> | 0 | UNK | [
"If you enjoy climbing trees, working with your hands, and spending time outdoors, a career as an arborist might be right for you.\nAs a professional arborist, you’ll need to know tree biology and anatomy, as well as how to identify and care for trees, assess risks, treat diseased trees, and remove pests.\nWant to join this promising industry? In this article, we’ll explain how to become a certified arborist and grow a profitable career.\nWhat is an arborist?\nAlso known as tree surgeons, arborists are professionals in the field of arboriculture. Arborists care for trees—along with bushes, shrubs, and other large perennials—to keep them strong and healthy.\nThis is essential because trees provide clean oxygen and help fight climate change. Trees also help improve the beauty of an area so people can enjoy their surroundings.\nThese trained professionals can work in either the private or public sector. They can be independent contractors or employees at tree care companies, institutions, or parks, and urban forestry departments.\n1. Complete your education\nDepending on your state, some arborists won’t need higher education beyond a high school diploma or GED. However, many employers will only hire certified arborists with formal education. It’s also a requirement for arborist certification.\nTo learn both the theoretical and practical sides of the tree care industry, get a bachelor’s degree from a respected college or university in one of these fields:\n- Arboriculture (study of tree care)\n- Biology (study of living things, including plants and animals)\n- Botany (study of plant biology)\n- Environmental science (study of the natural world and how its systems interact)\n- Forestry (study of forest growth and management)\n- Horticulture (study of growing a wide variety of plants)\n- Landscape architecture (study of land design and management)\nIn these programs, you’ll learn about soil science, plant pathology, and forest ecology, which will help you in your career as a tree care professional.\n2. Earn your arborist’s license\nIf you live in one of these states, you’re required to have a tree care or arborist license:\n- California arborists need to register with the Contractors State License Board.\n- Connecticut arborists need a commercial arborist license.\n- Hawaii arborists need to register with the Contractors License Board.\n- Louisiana arborists must hold an arborist or utility arborist license through the Louisiana Horticulture Commission.\n- Maine arborists need an arborist license to provide independent arboricultural services. Apprentice training permits are also available for supervised tree work.\n- Maryland arborists must be a licensed tree expert to practice tree care.\n- Minnesota arborists must join the Tree Care Registry.\n- New Jersey tree care businesses must register with the New Jersey Board of Tree Experts and have at least one full-time licensed tree expert or tree care operator on staff.\n- Rhode Island arborists need a standard arborist license to practice arboriculture. A limited utility arborist license is also available for arborists who work with utility providers.\nEach license comes with its own requirements, like previous experience, business insurance, passing a written exam, and paying a licensing fee.\nOn the other hand, if you’re wondering how to become an arborist in Florida, for example, that’s much easier. All you need is an occupational license—although ISA certification is still a good idea.\n3. Get on-the-job training\nThe easiest way to start learning the arborist trade is to get your hands dirty. Apply to work at a local lawn care or landscaping company or job shadow an arborist at a greenhouse or plant nursery.\nYou can also complete an arborist internship or apprenticeship to get hands-on, practical work experience. You’ll learn the ins and outs of the trade and gain a great reference for future employment.\nHere are a few options to get you started:\n- Bartlett Tree Experts offers 8 to 12-week paid internships to give students or graduates a hands-on introduction to a career in arboriculture.\n- Seed Your Future has a directory of arboriculture internships across the United States.\n- The Tree Care Industry Association (TCIA) offers a variety of training programs and webinars to further your industry knowledge and tree trimmer skills.\nIn any of these roles, you’ll learn about identifying, pruning, and maintaining different types of trees. Other arborists will show you how to safely climb trees and use equipment for tree trimming.\nYou should also join community and online arborist groups, attend tree industry events, and get to know local arborists. These networking opportunities help you learn and grow as an arborist.\n4. Take safety courses\nWorking at heights can be dangerous, especially when using power tools and harmful chemicals. Take a safety training course and learn how to use protective gear, avoid hazards, and handle emergencies.\nLearning basic tree climbing techniques can also keep you safe and prolong your career. The Climbing Arborist has free climbing tutorials and teaches knot tying, rigging, and rope splicing techniques.\nYou’ll also come into contact with natural threats like large birds, wasps’ nests, and poison ivy. It’s a good idea to know how to handle these encounters and avoid injury.\n5. Become ISA certified\nIndustry accreditation isn’t a requirement for most arborist roles. However, some employers prefer to hire arborists who have passed the International Society of Arboriculture’s certification exam.\nTo pass this exam, you’ll need one of the following:\n- Three years (5,385 hours) of tree care experience\n- An associate’s degree with at least two years (3,590 hours) of experience and two courses directly related to arboriculture\n- A bachelor’s degree with at least one year (1,795 hours) of experience and four courses directly related to arboriculture\nEarning your ISA certified arborist credential doesn’t just help you get a job. It can also help customers trust you and make you stand out from non-accredited arborists.\nOther popular ISA certification options include:\n- Board Certified Master Arborist\n- Certified Arborist Utility Specialist\n- Certified Arborist Municipal Specialist\n- Certified Tree Worker Climber Specialist\n- Certified Tree Worker Aerial Lift Specialist\n- Tree Risk Assessment Qualification\nA Board Certified Master Arborist is the highest ISA credential. Qualifying for the exam requires formal education, in-depth knowledge and experience, and related credentials.\nHow long does it take to become a certified arborist?\nYou’ll need at least three years (or 5,385 hours) of on-the-job training, formal education, or a mix of both before you can take the ISA’s certified arborist exam.\nYour work experience can cover a variety of tasks related to tree care, including responsibilities like planting, pruning, climbing, disease treatment, tree maintenance, and pest management.\nAny formal education should be in the field of horticulture, plant science, forestry, or agriculture business technology. Multi-year degrees are available through various colleges, or you can take a shorter certification program.\n6. Join the tree care industry\nIf you love working outdoors, are physically strong, and have the necessary experience, you might be ready to become a full-time arborist.\nWrite a resume that describes your education and work experience and send it to local tree care companies. Working for an established company will give you arboriculture experience and help you be successful in your industry.\nFrequently Asked Questions\nArborists play an important role in caring for the world’s trees. They’re responsible for both improving the appearance of the plant and caring for overall tree health.\nThese are just some of the tasks that an arborist may need to complete:\nCreating a landscaping plan with tree varieties and maintenance, soil, and space requirements\nPlanting new trees, shrubs, and woody plants\nTransplanting young trees, including backfilling, staking, watering, and mulching\nTesting, monitoring, and maintaining soil conditions\nInspecting trees and shrubs for damage, disease, and pests\nAssessing tree size, age, and value\nRepairing damaged trees and treating tree disease\nInspecting tree care equipment for functionality and safety\nTree pruning and trimming branches using chainsaws, hand saws, pruning shears, and loppers\nGrinding stumps and removing debris after pruning and trimming\nProviding tree identification and removing dead, damaged, hazardous, and unneeded branches, trees, and shrubs\nApplying fertilizer and pesticide to trees\nRecording and reporting on tree care activities\nSupervising landscaping and groundskeeping teams\nMonitoring and reporting on tree, grove, or forest health\nSome arborists specialize in certain areas of arboriculture. For example, you could focus on keeping power lines clear of tree branches or work within a municipality to maintain trees in public parks. -\nAs an arborist, you can have one of several job titles, depending on where and how you work:\nClimbing Arborist: (or tree climber) specifically works in treetops to do pruning, tree removal, and other tree care and maintenance tasks. They can work for both commercial and residential customers.\nCommercial Arborist: Commercial arborists usually work for private companies to plant, prune, and maintain trees, as well as diagnose and treat diseases.\nUtility Arborist: Trees can cause big problems when they grow near power lines. A utility arborist safely uses equipment to maintain and remove these trees as needed. They often work with electrical companies, as well as other clients like homeowners and insurance companies.\nMunicipal Arborist: Municipal arborists oversee teams that maintain a town or city’s trees. Instead of cutting and pruning, this type of arborist plans and reports to ensure the community’s trees are healthy and well-managed. -\nYou might need an arborist’s license if you live in California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, or Rhode Island. All of these states require arborists to have a license.\nDepending on the arborist job description, some employers may also require you to hold additional licenses. These may include:\nRestricted Use Pesticides (RUPs) certification is required if you’ll be applying certain pesticides on the job. Contact the Pesticide Safety Education Program in your state for training materials and visit your local certifying agency to register for your exam.\nA commercial driver’s license (CDL) is necessary if you’ll be driving a company vehicle to and from the worksite. Contact your state licensing bureau or local Department of Motor Vehicles to complete your CDL application and requirements. -\nYou can become a certified arborist by passing the International Society of Arboriculture’s certification exam. Qualifying for the exam requires formal education, years of practical experience, or both.\nYou’ll also need an arborist’s license if you live in California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Minnesota, New Jersey, or Rhode Island.\nYou may need Restricted Use Pesticides certification if you’ll be applying pesticides, as well as a commercial driver’s license if you’ll be driving a company vehicle. This varies depending on the employer. -\nWhile formal education can be helpful as an arborist, you don’t need to go to college. Here’s how to become a certified arborist without a degree:\nGet your high school diploma or GED\nGet on-the-job training\nTake safety courses\nApply for an arborist job with a nursery or landscaping company\nOnce you have three years of industry experience, you can earn your arborist’s license (if needed) and apply for ISA certification. -\nThe mean arborist salary is $52,850/year (USD). However, the annual salary of a skilled, certified arborist can be as low as $34,450 or up to $75,870.\nThis amount can vary depending on factors like:\nEmployer (e.g., government, energy, home services)\nEducation and experience level\nSpecial licensing or certification\nThe geographic area where you work\nLocal demand for tree care services\nArborists are part of the conservation scientists and foresters industry, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The industry is expected to increase by 5% by 2033, with around 1,900 new job openings during that time. -\nArborists can work for many different types of employers, like golf courses, tree nurseries, landscaping companies, and parks and recreation departments for towns and cities. They also work with homeowners and property managers to maintain trees on private property.\nThere are a number of workplace hazards for arborists. They not only work at great heights, but also use power tools, operate heavy machinery, work near power lines, and cut heavy tree limbs that can cause damage.\nWhile these risks can all be managed, it’s important for arborists to be properly trained. It’s the best way to ensure an arborist can continue working for a long time. -\nThat depends on where the arborist is located. They don’t normally work during cold weather because of the ice, snow, and freezing temperatures.\nInstead, arborists often work longer hours during the spring, summer, and fall to make up for the off-season. They may even start a snow removal business or Christmas light company for extra work during the winter to navigate seasonal demand.\nThat said, if the arborist works in an area with good weather year-round, there’s no reason why they can’t continue to work in the winter.\nOriginally published November 2021. Last updated on October 24, 2024."
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https://www.gi.alaska.edu/news/vibrations-so-small-you-cant-feel-them-hold-alaska-climate-secrets | <urn:uuid:03ca9bdb-7a59-4cbc-b229-3450de278d39> | 0 | UNK | [
"Vibrations so small you can’t feel them hold Alaska climate secrets\nTiny Gulf of Alaska ocean wave vibrations unnoticeable by humans reach as far north as the state’s Arctic coastline. These and other very low-frequency vibrations running every day through Alaska from ocean waves offer insight into climate changes.\nResearch by doctoral student Sebin John at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute shows a correlation between ocean waves and seismic signals recorded in the ground in Alaska. The signals are also strongly affected by sea ice.\nThe seismic signals, called microseisms, appear as continual background noise for seismologists focusing on earthquake data.\nJohn finds them useful.\n“There is a revival of a field called the environment of seismology,” John said. “It is using seismology to learn about climate change.”\nMicroseisms provide a long‐term record of meteorological, seasonal and climate influences, John writes in the research paper.\nWhile numerous methods exist for tracking the evolution of phenomena driven by climate — such as ocean storms and sea ice — seismic noise is among the few that has captured second-by-second changes around the globe continuously over decades.\nAnalyzing microseismic activity provides an additional method of researching current and past storm trends, intensity and trajectories, as well as the dynamics of sea ice.\nMicroseisms come in three types of signals, each tied to a different oceanic process: primary, secondary and short-period secondary. John focused on secondary and short-period secondary waves.\nSecondary microseisms are the strongest of the three and arise from the interaction of opposing wave systems in deeper water. These waves, called standing waves, oscillate vertically in place.\n“Energy from standing waves gets transmitted through Earth as secondary microseisms many thousands of miles without substantial weakening,” John said.\nThe amount of energy from a standing wave varies by storm but generally creates several decibels of additional power for each few feet of wave height.\nShort-period secondary microseisms are typically generated by shorter wind-driven waves near shore and don’t travel as far.\n“We have modern instruments now, and our coverage across the globe has improved significantly, so we have a significant amount of data,” John said. “We have long-term data, and that’s important for studying the climate, and that’s where Alaska comes in. Alaska has a lot of seismic stations.”\nUsing data from 155 seismic stations spanning Alaska and western Canada, John looked for a correlation between storm and sea ice behavior and microseismic signals in six regions across the state.\nJohn found that the Gulf of Alaska, with its strong storms and lack of ice, is the primary source of far-reaching secondary microseisms, which were recorded by sensors in each of his six designated regions.\nHe also found that sea ice suppresses short-period secondary signals.\nThese results show how seismic noise acts as a record of wave and ice action.\n“What we are trying to do with this research is better understand environmental change through the use of seismology,” John said. “The Arctic is quite important in terms of climate change.”"
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https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/we-need-just-climate-transition | <urn:uuid:98b64f5b-fa88-4b62-98a1-46589a161867> | 0 | UNK | [
"The climate movement has to take up the issues of refugees, war and global inequality to ensure a just climate for all.\nThe climate crisis is generating instability and a scarcity of resources via rising sea levels and more intense and extreme weather events, such as floods, storm surges and droughts. As a result, we are already seeing the first waves of climate refugees.\nThe Environmental Justice Foundation estimates more than 150 million people will be forced to leave their homes due to the climate crisis by 2050.\nCountries such as Australia need to open up their borders to welcome refugees fleeing climate disasters. Rather than placing asylum seekers in inhumane detention centres, they should be allowed to live in the community and be granted full rights, including access to social support systems.\nScarcity of resources is already leading to conflicts and wars, generating more displaced people in the process.\nThe imperialist war machines of nations such as the United States and Australia have greatly contributed to the numbers of refugees across the globe. Conflicts driven by the desire to appropriate other countries' resources have meant it is no longer possible for people to continue living safely in their homes.\nBut the link between the climate crisis and the military of industrialised countries goes much further.\nThe US military machine is a huge consumer of fossil fuels, among other resources. A recent study found the US military consumes more liquid fuels and emits more carbon dioxide than many medium-sized countries.\nIn 2014, the US military was the 47th largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world — and this is before taking into consideration emissions from corporations engaged in producing weapons for the US military.\nThe US insisted on, and won, an exemption from reporting military emissions as part of its overall greenhouse gas emissions during discussion over the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. The Paris Accord closed that loophole, but the US is set to withdraw from the agreement next year.\nIn Australia, the government is putting effort into developing a weapons manufacturing industry, with the aim of becoming one of the world’s top 10 weapons exporters.\nImagine if the huge amount of money and resources tied up in maintaining the military and perpetrating wars was diverted to combating the climate crisis and assisting climate refugees from this crisis? The US military budget will reach US$693 billion this year alone.\nAll of this poses the need for the climate movement to take up the issue of the military.\nIn a recent article, “Planetary Crisis: We are not all in this together”, Canadian ecosocialist Ian Angus wrote: \"Climate change and extreme weather events are not devastating a random selection of human beings from all walks of life. There are no billionaires among the dead, no corporate executives living in shelters, no stockbrokers watching their children die of malnutrition.\"\nThis is the reality of the climate crisis. Those who are suffering the most are the people who have contributed the least towards it. Meanwhile, the wealthy within industrialised nations have the money and resources to minimise its impacts on them.\nA justice-based response to the climate crisis needs to take into account who bears the lion’s share of responsibility for generating the crisis and ensure they are the ones who are made to shoulder its costs.\nMoreover, it has to take into account that industrialised countries owe much of their wealth and resources to the historic and ongoing pillaging of resources from the Global South.\nIndustrialised countries must repay their climate debt to these countries. Among other things, this must include sharing resources and technology that can help address the many climate-related issues people in the Global South are facing, from extreme weather catastrophes to transitioning their economies away from fossil fuels and mining.\nA global aid program, not in the form of loans with strings attached but rather historic reparations, is needed to help the Global South mitigate the destabilising effects of extreme weather events and their consequences, such as the loss of agricultural land and food and water supplies.\nOnly in this way can we truly talk about winning climate justice for all."
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https://www.halongclassicsail.com/electrician-in-home-automation-systems/ | <urn:uuid:b9a7e005-101a-49df-826d-6b3041aaa43c> | 0 | UNK | [
"In today’s digital age, home automation is no longer a futuristic dream but a present-day reality. From smart thermostats to automated lighting systems, the technology available to enhance our living spaces is expanding rapidly. However, while these advancements offer unparalleled convenience and efficiency, integrating them into your home requires more than just purchasing the latest gadgets. This is where the expertise of an electrician becomes crucial. Let’s explore how electricians contribute to the effective implementation and maintenance of home automation systems.\nUnderstanding Home Automation\nHome automation, or domotics, involves the use of technology to control various systems and devices in a home remotely or automatically. This includes lighting, heating, cooling, security, and entertainment systems. The goal is to enhance comfort, increase energy efficiency, and improve security.\nAt its core, home automation relies on a network of interconnected devices, often controlled through a central hub or smartphone application. For this network to function seamlessly, a solid electrical infrastructure and professional installation are essential. This is where electricians come into play.\nThe Role of Electricians in Home Automation\nDesigning the Electrical Infrastructure. The foundation of any successful home automation system is a robust electrical infrastructure. Electricians play a critical role in designing and installing the necessary wiring and circuit systems that support smart devices. They ensure that the electrical capacity of the home meets the demands of automated systems, preventing issues like overloaded circuits or inadequate power supply.For example, if you’re installing a smart lighting system, an electrician will need to ensure that the existing wiring can handle the additional load. They may also need to install new circuits or update the electrical panel to accommodate advanced control systems.\nInstalling Smart Devices. Once the infrastructure is in place, electricians are responsible for the actual installation of smart devices. This involves more than just plugging in new gadgets; it requires proper integration with the home’s electrical system. For instance, installing a smart thermostat involves connecting it to the existing HVAC system and ensuring it communicates effectively with other smart devices.Electricians also handle the installation of smart switches, outlets, and lighting controls. These devices need to be wired correctly to ensure they operate reliably and safely.\nEnsuring Compliance with Electrical Codes. Home automation systems must adhere to local electrical codes and regulations. Electricians are well-versed in these codes and ensure that all installations meet safety standards. This is crucial not only for the functionality of the automation system but also for the safety of the home’s occupants.Compliance includes proper grounding of devices, correct circuit configurations, and adherence to load capacities. An electrician’s knowledge helps prevent potential hazards such as electrical fires or short circuits.\nIntegrating Systems. Home automation often involves integrating multiple systems to work together harmoniously. Electricians are skilled in connecting various components, such as lighting systems, security cameras, and climate control units, to ensure they operate in sync.For example, integrating a smart security system with automated lighting can enhance home security. Electricians can set up systems so that lights automatically turn on when motion is detected or when the security system is armed, providing both convenience and added safety.\nTroubleshooting and Maintenance. Even the most advanced automation systems can encounter issues. Electricians play a vital role in troubleshooting and maintaining these systems. Whether it’s a malfunctioning smart switch or connectivity issues between devices, electricians have the expertise to diagnose and resolve problems effectively.Regular maintenance is also essential to ensure the longevity and reliability of home automation systems. Electricians can perform routine checks, update software if needed, and make necessary repairs to keep everything running smoothly.\nEnhancing Energy Efficiency. One of the significant benefits of home automation is improved energy efficiency. Electricians can help maximize these benefits by installing energy-efficient devices and configuring systems to optimize energy use.For instance, smart thermostats can be programmed to adjust heating and cooling based on occupancy patterns, reducing energy consumption. Electricians can also install sensors that turn off lights when rooms are unoccupied, further contributing to energy savings.\nUpgrading Existing Systems. Many homes have existing electrical systems that may need upgrades to support modern automation technologies. Electricians assess these systems and recommend necessary upgrades, such as new wiring, circuit breakers, or electrical panels, to ensure compatibility with advanced home automation devices.Upgrading existing systems not only supports new technologies but can also enhance overall electrical safety and efficiency. Electricians can identify and address potential issues in older systems that may impact the performance of new automation features.\nThe integration of home automation systems into modern living spaces represents a significant leap in convenience, efficiency, and security. However, the successful implementation of these systems relies heavily on the expertise of electricians. From designing and installing the necessary electrical infrastructure to ensuring compliance with codes, integrating systems, and providing ongoing maintenance, electricians are essential to making home automation both functional and safe.\nAs technology continues to evolve, the role of electricians in home automation will likely become even more critical. Their knowledge and skills ensure that homes are not only equipped with the latest advancements but also operate seamlessly and safely. So, if you’re considering upgrading your home with smart technology, partnering with a qualified electrician is a crucial step toward achieving a truly automated and efficient living environment. Are you looking for more information regarding choosing the right local electrician? Then come and check their page to learn more."
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https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/J_M/Mycoplasma-genitalium | <urn:uuid:e2d2fd5a-fc14-4557-a9d9-2df6d5afeb4e> | 0 | UNK | [
"- Mycoplasma genitalium (Mgen) is a sexually transmissible infection (STI).\n- It is easy to test for and most infections can be cured with antibiotics.\n- If left untreated, Mgen can cause pelvic inflammatory disease in women which can result in infertility or ectopic pregnancy, meaning you can’t have a baby.\n- Regular STI testing and using condoms will help protect you and your partners.\nMgen is a sexually transmissible infection (STI).\nHow do you get it?\nMgen is spread by unprotected vaginal, oral (mouth) or anal (bum) sex with someone. Unprotected sex is sex without a condom or dam.\nHow can you prevent it?\n- Have regular STI tests.\n- Always use condoms and/ or dams and water-based lube when having sex.\n- Talk to your sexual partners about sexual health.\nWhat are the signs and symptoms?\nMost people don’t know they have Mgen because they don’t see or feel anything different.\nYou may notice one or more of the following symptoms:\n- burning or pain when peeing\n- yellow or white discharge from the penis\n- pain or redness at the opening of the penis\n- pain or swelling in the testicles or scrotum\n- unusual vaginal discharge\nIf you have any of these symptoms, visit a doctor as soon as possible to ask for an STI test.\nEven if you do not have symptoms, Mgen can be in your body. If untreated, it can be passed on to other people through sex.\nHow do you get tested?\nThe only way to know if you have Mgen is by getting an STI test at your GP, Aboriginal medical service or sexual health clinic.\n- Find a Service Get the Facts (external site)\n- Learn more about STI tests and take the free online test (external site)\nMgen is not part of a standard STI screen. You will only be tested if you have symptoms or are known sexual contact of someone with Mgen.\nWhen you get a test from your health care worker, they will ask for a urine (pee) sample and may recommend that you get a swab of your mouth, vagina or rectum, depending on the types of sex you have had.\nIt’s a good idea to get tested for other STIs (like chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, hepatitis B and HIV) at the same time. This involves getting a blood test.\nHow do you tell your sexual partners?\nIf you test positive for Mgen, it is important to let your sexual partners know so they can get tested and treated (if needed) too. This is to make sure Mgen does not impact their health and continue to spread. If your regular sexual partners do not get treated, you can get Mgen again.\nYou can tell your partners yourself – if you feel safe and comfortable to do so. If you don’t want your partners to know your name, you can ask your health care worker to do it or send an anonymous message from the Let Them Know website (external site).\nWhat if you do not get treated?\nIf left untreated, Mgen can cause painful and serious health problems in women. Mgen can spread and cause pelvic inflammatory disease which can result in infertility or ectopic pregnancy, which makes you unable to have a baby.\nLast reviewed: 11-09-2024"
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https://www.ilt.fraunhofer.de/en/studies/laser-tutorial/laser-principle.html | <urn:uuid:ddf8f81f-7838-4cf8-8954-65262c464b7f> | 0 | UNK | [
"Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths less than several hundred m m. The emission and absorption of electromagnetic radiation is caused by the acceleration of electrically charged particles. If the frequencies are sufficiently small, corresponding to large wavelengths, this occurs, for instance, via alternating current in antennas. In the visible spectrum, atoms or molecules act as these antennas which can emit or absorb light on transition between the various internal states.On absorption, a quantum (a unit of energy) of electromagnetic field is captured by an atom or molecule and the energy in the light quantum is converted into atomic excitation energy. The energy in a quantum of light is equal to the product of Planck’s constant, a natural constant, and the frequency of the light. The excited atom can re-emit this excitation energy in the form of a quantum of light, either spontaneously or through stimulation by the external radiation field. During spontaneous emission, the quantum is emitted in a random direction at a random phase. This occurs, for instance, in ordinary lamps, and the resultant radiation field consists of overlapping wave trains at various phases and in various directions. In contrast, the atoms emitted during stimulated emission are forced into phase by the radiation field. When a number of these in-phase wave trains overlap each other, the resultant radiation field propagates in the one direction with a very stable amplitude. The spectral bandwidth of the radiation is also much smaller than that\nof an ordinary lamp."
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https://www.interestinganimals.net/most-unusual-animal-courtship-rituals/ | <urn:uuid:cffab84e-e9d6-4ae8-a7fe-3d9541b2f9d9> | 0 | UNK | [
"Animals have some wild ways of wooing their mates. From flashy dances to bizarre gifts, courtship in the animal kingdom can get pretty weird. These unusual rituals show how far some species will go to find love and pass on their genes.\nYou might be surprised to learn about some of the strange things animals do to attract partners. Peacock spiders put on colorful dance shows. Pufferfish create intricate sand art. And bowerbirds build elaborate structures decorated with colorful objects. Nature has come up with all kinds of creative courtship behaviors that go way beyond simple mating calls.\n1. Blue-footed Boobies’ Foot Dance\nBlue-footed boobies have a fun way to find a mate. These seabirds show off their bright blue feet in a funny dance. The males strut around, lifting their feet high with each step. It’s like they’re saying, “Look at my awesome blue feet!”\nThe bluer the feet, the better. Female boobies really dig guys with super blue feet. Why? Blue feet mean the male is healthy and strong. So if you’re a blue-footed booby looking for love, you’d better hope your feet are extra blue!\nDuring the dance, males also spread their wings and whistle. They might give the female a gift, like a stick or rock. If she likes what she sees, she’ll join in the dance. Together, they’ll point their beaks to the sky and make loud honking noises.\n2. Seahorses’ Pouch Transfer\nSeahorses have a courtship ritual that’ll knock your socks off. These little sea creatures dance together for days before mating. They twirl around, change colors, and lock tails.\nThe male fertilizes the eggs in his pouch and carries them for weeks. His belly swells up as the babies grow. When it’s time, he squeezes out tiny seahorse babies. It’s quite a sight to see!\nThis unique swap of parental roles makes seahorses stand out in the animal world. You won’t find many other dads carrying the babies around in their bellies!\n3. Bowerbirds’ Artistic Nests\nBowerbirds take courtship to a whole new level with their artistic skills. These feathered architects build elaborate structures called bowers to woo potential mates. You’d be amazed at the effort they put in!\nMale bowerbirds are the master decorators of the bird world. They gather colorful objects like flowers, berries, and even man-made items to adorn their bowers. The brighter and more eye-catching, the better!\nEach species has its own unique style. Some create avenue-like structures with two walls of sticks, while others prefer a simple cleared area on the forest floor. The tooth-billed bowerbird even arranges large leaves with the pale side up to create a striking green “carpet.”\nThese avian artists don’t stop at just building. They sing, dance, and show off their prized decorations to impress females. It’s like a talent show and an art exhibition rolled into one!\n4. Kakapos’ Lek System\nKakapos, New Zealand’s flightless parrots, have a wild way of wooing mates. These chubby green birds gather in special spots called leks to show off. It’s like a nightclub for parrots!\nMale kakapos dig bowl-shaped holes and make loud booming noises to get the ladies’ attention. They puff up their chests and boom all night long. You can hear them from over 3 miles away!\nThe females check out different males and pick their favorite. It’s a tough competition – some guys don’t get picked at all. This unique system helps kakapos find the best mates.\nSadly, there are only about 200 kakapos left. Their odd mating habits make it hard to boost numbers. But scientists are working hard to save these quirky birds.\n5. Penguins’ Pebble Proposal\nYou might think penguin romance is all about waddling and fish breath. But these tuxedo-clad birds have a surprisingly sweet way of wooing their mates. Some penguin species, like the gentoo, give smooth pebbles as gifts to their chosen partners.\nPicture this: A male penguin scours the beach for the perfect pebble. When he finds it, he proudly presents it to his lady love. If she accepts, it’s a match made in icy heaven! The pebble isn’t just for show – it helps build their nest.\nBut the proposal doesn’t always go smoothly. Other penguins might try to swipe that special stone! It’s like a chilly version of ring shopping, with added drama. Some penguin Romeos even go the extra mile, offering their pebbles underwater for an extra splash of romance.\n6. Long-tailed Dance of Manakin Birds\nManakin birds are nature’s dancers. These small forest birds from South America put on quite a show to attract mates. Male manakins perform elaborate dances on special stages called leks.\nThe long-tailed manakin has one of the most impressive routines. Two male birds team up to dance for females. They hop and flutter in perfect sync, like feathered acrobats. Their bright colors flash as they leap and twirl.\nYou’d be amazed by their fancy footwork. The birds slide backwards in a move that looks just like Michael Jackson’s moonwalk. They also do rapid wing flaps that make snapping sounds.\nThis dazzling dance can go on for hours. The female watches closely, judging the males’ skills. She picks the best dancer as her mate. It’s a tough competition, but the most talented performers win the prize.\n7. Fiddler Crabs’ Wave Displays\nEver seen a crab waving at you on the beach? Chances are it was a male fiddler crab trying to impress the ladies. These quirky crustaceans have one enlarged claw that they use like a flag to catch a female’s eye.\nWhen it’s time to find a mate, male fiddler crabs put on quite a show. They wave their big claw in the air, moving it up and down in a rhythmic dance. It’s like they’re saying “Hey, look at me!” to any females passing by.\nBut the waving isn’t just for show. The speed and style of a crab’s wave can make or break his chances with the ladies. Females prefer guys who wave faster and more often. So if you see a crab waving like crazy, he’s probably trying extra hard to get noticed.\n8. Albatrosses’ Synchronised Swaying\nAlbatrosses have a dance that will make you smile. These big seabirds do a funny swaying dance when they meet up. It’s like they’re at a bird disco!\nThe dance starts when a male and female albatross see each other. They spread their wings wide and point their beaks to the sky. Then they sway back and forth together.\nYou might think they look silly, but this dance is super important. It helps albatrosses find their perfect match. They keep doing this dance for years before they decide to have babies.\nEach pair has their own special moves. It’s like they’re creating their own secret handshake. This dance helps them form a strong bond that lasts their whole lives.\n9. Peacock Spiders’ Colorful Dance\nYou might think spiders are creepy, but peacock spiders put on quite a show! These tiny arachnids, found in Australia, have some seriously flashy moves. The male peacock spider has a brightly colored fan on his abdomen that he shows off to impress the ladies.\nWhen it’s time to woo a mate, the male spider raises his fan and does a wild dance. He waves his legs, vibrates his body, and hops around like he’s at a disco. It’s like watching a tiny, eight-legged Michael Jackson perform!\nThe female spider watches this spectacle closely. If she likes what she sees, she might choose him as her mate. But if not, she could eat him instead! Talk about a tough crowd.\n10. Porcupines’ Quill-based Romance\nYou might think porcupines have a prickly love life, but these spiny critters have some surprisingly sweet moves. When it’s time to woo a mate, male porcupines get creative. They’ll spray urine on females to catch their attention. Sounds gross, but it works!\nOnce a lady porcupine is interested, the real dance begins. The male will show off by chattering his teeth and doing a little shuffle. If she likes what she sees, she’ll flatten her quills and lift her tail. This special pose lets the male know it’s safe to approach.\nWhen it’s time to get intimate, porcupines are extra careful. They fold down their quills and use gentle movements to avoid poking each other. It’s a delicate balancing act, but these prickly lovers make it work. Who knew quills could be part of such a unique romance?\n11. Pufferfish’s Underwater Sand Art\nYou might think crop circles only happen on land, but pufferfish create their own versions underwater. These little fish are quite the artists! Male pufferfish spend days making intricate circular patterns in the sand on the seafloor.\nWhy do they bother? It’s all about impressing the ladies. The males use their fins to create these beautiful designs, which can be up to 7 feet wide. They work tirelessly, moving sand and shell fragments to form ridges and valleys.\nThe circles aren’t just for show. They serve as nests for female pufferfish to lay their eggs. The raised edges protect the eggs from currents. Males maintain their circles carefully, as ocean currents can wash them away quickly.\nWhen a female likes what she sees, she’ll swim through the circle to inspect it. If she approves, she’ll lay her eggs there. Talk about a unique way to woo a mate!\n12. Giraffes’ Necking Contests\nGiraffes have a unique way of settling disputes and wooing mates. You might think their long necks are just for reaching leaves, but they’re also powerful weapons. Male giraffes engage in fierce battles called “necking” to show off their strength.\nThese contests aren’t gentle. The males swing their necks like wrecking balls, slamming their heads into each other. It’s a test of strength and endurance. The winner gets bragging rights and a better chance to mate.\nBut necking isn’t just about fighting. It’s also a way for males to impress females. They’ll rub necks with potential mates, showing off their size and power. It’s like a giraffe version of flexing muscles at the gym.\n13. Moose’s Antler Displays\nMoose use their massive antlers to impress potential mates. These antlers can weigh up to 40 pounds and span 6 feet wide. That’s like carrying a small child on your head!\nDuring mating season, male moose show off their antlers to females. They strut around, shaking their heads to make their antlers more noticeable. It’s like a big, flashy billboard saying “Pick me!”\nSometimes male moose fight each other using their antlers. These battles can be loud and intense. The winner gets to mate with nearby females. It’s nature’s way of making sure only the strongest moose pass on their genes.\nAfter mating season, moose shed their antlers. They grow new ones each year, bigger and better than before. So next time you’re in moose country, keep an eye out for these impressive displays!\n14. Flamingos’ Head-flagging Dance\nYou might think flamingos are just pretty pink birds, but they’ve got some seriously funky moves! Their head-flagging dance is a wild sight to behold. Picture this: a tall flamingo suddenly stretches its neck up straight and starts swinging its head back and forth.\nIt’s not just random movement – this dance is all about attracting a mate. The tallest males usually kick things off, trying to catch the eye of potential partners. Once one starts, others often join in, creating a mesmerizing group performance.\nThe brighter a flamingo’s feathers, the more likely it is to snag a date. So these birds really put their hearts into the dance, showing off their vibrant plumage. Next time you spot flamingos, keep an eye out for their head-flagging antics. You might just witness nature’s version of a dance party!\n15. Satin Bowerbirds’ Blue Collection\nSatin bowerbirds have a thing for blue. The males go wild for anything blue they can find. They gather blue objects to decorate their bowers – special structures built to impress females.\nYou’d be amazed at what these birds collect. Bottle caps, plastic bits, even stolen laundry pegs end up in their blue displays. The brighter and bluer, the better. Males spend hours arranging their treasures just so.\nWhy blue? It’s all about showing off. A big blue collection tells females the male is a skilled forager. It proves he can find rare items in the forest. The best decorators get the girls.\nBut it’s not just about stuff. Male satin bowerbirds have glossy blue-black feathers too. They dance and sing to really wow potential mates. It’s quite a show when you see it all come together.\n16. Narwhals’ Tusk Play\nNarwhals, those mysterious “unicorns of the sea,” have a unique courtship ritual involving their iconic tusks. Did you know that tusk is actually an elongated tooth? It’s true! Male narwhals use these tusks to impress potential mates.\nDuring mating season, you might see male narwhals crossing and rubbing their tusks together. This tusk play helps them show off their strength and size to females. It’s like a underwater sword fight, but for love!\nSome scientists think narwhals might also use their tusks to detect water temperature and pressure. This could help them find good spots for mating. Pretty clever, right?\nWhile we’re still learning about narwhal behavior, it’s clear their tusks play a big role in finding a mate. Next time you see a picture of a narwhal, remember – that tusk isn’t just for show!\n17. Garden Snails’ Love Dart\nYou might think snails are slow and boring, but their love lives are anything but! These slimy creatures have a wild mating ritual that’ll make your jaw drop. Garden snails use a special “love dart” to spice things up.\nThis dart isn’t Cupid’s arrow – it’s a sharp calcium spike the snail shoots at its partner. Ouch! But don’t worry, it’s all part of the plan. The dart helps transfer sperm and boosts the chances of making baby snails.\nBoth snails can shoot darts since they’re hermaphrodites (they have male and female parts). The dart-shooting can go on for a while, with some snails jabbing their mate for nearly an hour! It’s a risky game of snail roulette, but it works for them.\nEvolutionary Significance of Courtship Rituals\nCourtship rituals play a crucial role in animal reproduction and species survival. These behaviors help animals find suitable mates and pass on their genes to future generations.\nNatural Selection and Mate Choice\nCourtship rituals are shaped by natural selection. Animals with the most effective displays are more likely to attract mates and reproduce. These rituals often showcase an animal’s health, strength, and genetic quality.\nFor example, the blue-footed booby’s foot-lifting dance shows off its bright blue feet. The brighter the blue, the healthier the male. Females prefer males with the brightest feet, as this indicates good genes.\nSome rituals can be risky or energy-intensive. The praying mantis male risks being eaten during mating. This danger ensures only the fittest males pass on their genes.\nRole in Species Survival\nCourtship rituals help animals recognize members of their own species. This is especially important in environments with many similar species.\nThese behaviors also help prevent wasted energy on unsuitable mates. For instance, smooth newts use chemical signals during courtship. This helps them find partners ready to mate.\nRituals can strengthen pair bonds in species that mate for life. This improves the chances of successful reproduction and offspring survival.\nSome courtship behaviors, like those of bonobos, serve multiple purposes. They help form social bonds, reduce conflict, and ensure genetic diversity within the group.\nInfluence of Habitat on Courtship Behavior\nAnimals adapt their courtship rituals to their surroundings. The places they live shape how they find mates and show off. Let’s look at some examples from water and forests.\nAdaptations to Aquatic Environments\nFish and sea creatures get creative underwater. Seahorses dance together, rising up in the water. They wrap their tails and change colors to impress each other.\nPufferfish make amazing sand art on the ocean floor. Males spend days building intricate circles with their fins. These designs catch females’ eyes and show off the males’ skills.\nSome fish use sounds to woo mates. Toadfish “sing” by vibrating their swim bladders. The noise travels far in water, helping them find partners.\nCourtship Strategies in Dense Forests\nBirds living in thick jungles face challenges. They can’t always see each other through the leaves. So they get loud and flashy to stand out.\nMale birds-of-paradise clear spaces on the forest floor. They make “dance floors” by removing leaves and debris. Then they put on dazzling shows with bright feathers and weird calls.\nGibbons swing through trees and sing duets. Pairs bond by matching each other’s whoops and howls. Their songs echo through the forest, marking their territory and strengthening their relationship."
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