jinulee-v/entailmentbank-stepwise · Datasets at Hugging Face

premises sequencelengths 1 4	conclusion stringlengths 17 156	label stringclasses 1 value
[ "storing water has a positive impact on a living thing's survival by increasing the availability of water.", "a dry environment is low in availability of water." ]	storing water increases the water available to organisms in a dry environment.	True
[ "adapting is when a living thing responds to a change in an environment.", "storing water increases the water available to organisms in a dry environment." ]	storing water is an adaptation to a dry environment.	True
[ "as the available water in an environment increases, the populations of organisms in that environment will increase.", "an aquatic animal requires great amounts of water to thrive." ]	as water increases in an environment, the population of aquatic animals will increase.	True
[ "a salamander is a kind of aquatic animal.", "as water increases in an environment, the population of aquatic animals will increase." ]	as water increases in an environment, the population of salamanders may increase.	True
[ "when a body of water receives more water than it can hold, a flood occurs.", "as the amount of water in a body of water increases, the water levels will increase especially at the edge of that body of water." ]	a flood is a result of a large increase of water in a body of water.	True
[ "a flood is a result of a large increase of water in a body of water.", "a body of water is a part of some environments." ]	a flood is a result of a large increase of water in an environment.	True
[ "as water increases in an environment, the population of salamanders may increase.", "a flood is a result of a large increase of water in an environment." ]	a flood may cause the population of salamander to increase in an environment.	True
[ "frogs / turtles / fish / mice / birds are kinds of animals.", "alligators eat frogs / turtles / fish / mice / birds." ]	alligators eat animals.	True
[ "a predator eats other animals for food.", "alligators eat animals." ]	alligators are a kind of predator.	True
[ "alligators are a kind of predator.", "as the population of prey decreases, competition between predators will increase." ]	as the population of prey decreases, competition between alligators will increase.	True
[ "competition may cause animals to act aggressively towards members of their own species.", "as the population of prey decreases, competition between alligators will increase." ]	as the population of prey decreases, agression between alligators will increase.	True
[ "a drought occurs over a period of months / years.", "drought is when available water decreases in an environment." ]	drought is when available water decreases in an environment over a period of months / years.	True
[ "drought is when available water decreases in an environment over a period of months / years.", "as available water decreases, the population of plants will decrease." ]	a drought that occurs over a period of months / years may cause the population of plants in an environment to decrease.	True
[ "a marsh willow herb is a kind of plant.", "a drought that occurs over a period of months / years may cause the population of plants in an environment to decrease." ]	a drought that occurs over a period of months / years may cause the population of marsh willow herb in an environment to decrease.	True
[ "sweat is used for adjusting to hot temperatures by some animals.", "sweat cools a body." ]	when the body is hot, sweat is used to cool the body.	True
[ "panting is when an animal's body is cooled by hanging out their tongue.", "when the body is hot, sweat is used to cool the body." ]	panting and sweating are used to cool the body.	True
[ "cooling means decreasing heat / temperature.", "if an animal becomes too hot then that animal may die." ]	cooling can be used by an animal for survival.	True
[ "cooling can be used by an animal for survival.", "if the environmental temperature is too hot then an animal in that environment may become hot." ]	if the temperature of an animal's environment becomes too hot then that animal must cool itself.	True
[ "if the temperature of an animal's environment becomes too hot then that animal must cool itself.", "adapting is when a living thing responds to a change in an environment." ]	an animal cooling itself is an adaptation to hot temperatures.	True
[ "an animal cooling itself is an adaptation to hot temperatures.", "panting and sweating are used to cool the body." ]	an example of adaptations to hot temperatures are panting and sweating.	True
[ "cellular respiration is when a cell converts from oxygen and carbohydrates into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.", "living things require respiration to use energy." ]	living things must convert oxygen into carbon dioxide to use energy.	True
[ "living things must convert oxygen into carbon dioxide to use energy.", "breathing is when animals convert oxygen into carbon dioxide." ]	living things must breathe to use energy.	True
[ "animals are a source of carbon dioxide by exhaling.", "breathing out is when animals exhale carbon dioxide from their lungs into the air." ]	animals are a source of carbon dioxide by breathing.	True
[ "animals are a source of carbon dioxide by breathing.", "a source of something produces that something." ]	animals produce carbon dioxide by breathing.	True
[ "animals produce carbon dioxide by breathing.", "living things must breathe to use energy." ]	animals produce carbon dioxide by using energy.	True
[ "carbohydrates are used for storing energy.", "photosynthesis makes energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates." ]	photosynthesis stores energy.	True
[ "if something is required to use something else then that something is a source of that something else.", "living things require respiration to use energy." ]	respiration is a source of energy for living things.	True
[ "if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else.", "respiration is a source of energy for living things." ]	respiration releases energy.	True
[ "photosynthesis stores energy.", "respiration releases energy." ]	photosynthesis stores energy and respiration releases energy.	True
[ "digestion is when stomach acid breaks down food.", "the digestive system digests food for the body." ]	the digestive system breaks down food.	True
[ "if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else.", "if something is made of something else then that something contains that something else." ]	if something contains something else then that something can be broken down into that something else.	True
[ "if something contains something else then that something can be broken down into that something else.", "the digestive system breaks down food." ]	the digestive system breaks down food into the substances it contains.	True
[ "food contains nutrients for living things.", "the digestive system breaks down food into the substances it contains." ]	the digestive system breaks down food into nutrients for the body.	True
[ "scales are a covering around the body of a scaled animal.", "a fish is a kind of scaled animal." ]	fish is a kind of scaled animal with scales covering around the body.	True
[ "scales are used for protection by scaled animals.", "fish is a kind of scaled animal with scales covering around the body." ]	scales are used for protection by fish.	True
[ "a human is a kind of animal.", "an animal is a kind of living thing." ]	a human is a kind of living thing.	True
[ "a plant is a kind of living thing.", "an apple tree is a kind of plant." ]	an apple tree is a kind of living thing.	True
[ "a human is a kind of living thing.", "an apple tree is a kind of living thing.", "all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory." ]	both the human and the apple tree are made of cells.	True
[ "a plant cell is a kind of cell.", "a cell nucleus is a part of a cell." ]	a cell nucleus is a part of a plant cell.	True
[ "a cell wall is a part of a plant cell for supporting and protecting the cell membrane.", "chloroplast is a part of a plant cell.", "a cell nucleus is a part of a plant cell." ]	a cell nucleus, chloroplast and a cell wall are part of a plant cell.	True
[ "a computer room is used to control the assembly process in a factory.", "the cell nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell.", "controlling is a kind of function." ]	a computer room in a factory has a similar function to the cell nucleus in controlling the functions.	True
[ "if something does not contain something else, then that something else cannot be found in that something.", "a prokaryotic cell does not contain a nucleus." ]	a nucleus cannot be found in prokaryotic cells.	True
[ "photosynthesis makes food for the plant.", "a leaf performs photosynthesis / gas exchange." ]	a leaf makes food for the plant by performing photosynthesis.	True
[ "a leaf makes food for the plant by performing photosynthesis.", "providing food is a kind of specific life process." ]	a leaf performs a specific life process of making food for the plants.	True
[ "a leaf performs a specific life process of making food for the plants.", "organs perform specific life process in organisms." ]	a leaf in a plant is performing like an organ in organisms.	True
[ "taking in carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process.", "absorbing something is a kind of method for taking something in." ]	absorbing carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process.	True
[ "absorbing carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process.", "carbon dioxide can be found in the air." ]	absorbing carbon dioxide from the air is a stage in the photosynthesis process.	True
[ "absorbing carbon dioxide from the air is a stage in the photosynthesis process.", "plants perform photosynthesis." ]	a plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to perform photosynthesis.	True
[ "a plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to perform photosynthesis.", "when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed by plants, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is reduced in the atmosphere." ]	plant photosynthesis reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.	True
[ "sunlight is a kind of solar energy.", "photosynthesis means green plants convert from carbon dioxide and water and solar energy into carbohydrates and food and oxygen for themselves." ]	photosynthesis means plants convert carbon dioxide and water and sunlight into carbohydrates and food and oxygen.	True
[ "if an orgnism uses a process to convert something into something else, then that something is used for that process.", "photosynthesis means plants convert carbon dioxide and water and sunlight into carbohydrates and food and oxygen." ]	a plant uses sunlight for photosynthesis.	True
[ "a plant uses sunlight for photosynthesis.", "in the photosynthesis process sunlight has the role of raw material." ]	a plant uses the raw material sunlight for photosynthesis.	True
[ "using a raw material sometimes requires absorbing that raw material.", "a plant uses the raw material sunlight for photosynthesis." ]	a plant absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis.	True
[ "a leaf absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis.", "chlorophyll is found in the cells of leaves." ]	chlorophyll is found in the cells of parts of plants that absorb sunlight to perform photosynthesis.	True
[ "chlorophyll is found in the cells of parts of plants that absorb sunlight to perform photosynthesis.", "a plant absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis." ]	chlorophyll is used for absorbing sunlight by plants.	True
[ "sunlight is a kind of light.", "light is a kind of energy." ]	sunlight is a kind of light energy.	True
[ "sunlight is a kind of light energy.", "chlorophyll is used for absorbing sunlight by plants." ]	chlorophyll is used for absorbing light energy by plants.	True
[ "some microorganisms have a positive impact on human body.", "if something has a positive impact on another thing, then the relationship is benificial." ]	some microorganisms are benificial to human body.	True
[ "disease-causing microbes have a negative impact on the body.", "if something has a negative impact on another thing, then the relationship is harmful." ]	some disease-causing microbes are harmful to human body.	True
[ "some disease-causing microbes are harmful to human body.", "some microorganisms are benificial to human body." ]	the relationship between human and microorganisms is sometimes beneficial and sometimes harmful.	True
[ "water is a kind of nonliving thing.", "a river is a kind of body of water." ]	a river is a nonliving thing.	True
[ "preferences are generally learned characteristics.", "a food preference is a kind of preference." ]	food preference is a kind of learned characteristics.	True
[ "food preference is a kind of learned characteristics.", "learned characteristics are similar to acquired characteristics." ]	food preference is a kind of acquired characteristics.	True
[ "an animal is a kind of organism.", "a dog is a kind of animal." ]	a dog is a kind of organism.	True
[ "food preference is a kind of acquired characteristics.", "an organism's environment affects that organism's acquired characteristics.", "a dog is a kind of organism." ]	the food preference of a dog is affected by its environment.	True
[ "following orders is a learned characteristic.", "an example of following orders is coming when called." ]	a dog coming when called is a kind of learned characteristic.	True
[ "hunting is a kind of skill.", "skills are learned characteristics / behaviors." ]	hunting is a kind of learned behaviors.	True
[ "preferences are generally learned characteristics.", "a food preference is a kind of preference." ]	food preference is a kind of learned characteristics.	True
[ "inherited characteristics are the opposite of learned characteristics.", "inheriting is when an inherited characteristic is passed from parent to offspring by genetics / dna." ]	learned characteristics are not inherited from parents.	True
[ "learned characteristics are not inherited from parents.", "food preference is a kind of learned characteristics." ]	food preference is not inherited from parents.	True
[ "a human is a kind of animal.", "the intelligence of animals is an acquired characteristic." ]	the intelligence of a human is an acquired characteristic.	True
[ "the intelligence of a human is an acquired characteristic.", "inherited characteristics are the opposite of acquired characteristics." ]	the intelligence of a human is not an inherited characteristic.	True
[ "genes is a vehicle for passing inherited characteristics from parent to offspring.", "a father is a kind of male parent.", "a mother is a kind of female parent." ]	genes are a vehicle for passing inherited characteristics from a mother and a father to offspring.	True
[ "genes are a vehicle for passing inherited characteristics from a mother and a father to offspring.", "in sexual reproduction sperm is a vehicle for the genes from the father to the offspring.", "in sexual reproduction the egg is a vehicle for the genes from the mother to the offspring." ]	genes are passed from a mother and a father to offspring through the egg and sperm.	True
[ "genes are passed from a mother and a father to offspring through the egg and sperm.", "genes determine the traits for the living things." ]	traits are passed from a mother and a father to offspring through the egg and sperm.	True
[ "dna is a kind of nucleic acid.", "thymine is found in dna.", "thymine cannot be found in rna." ]	if thymine is found in a strand of nucleic acid, then the nucleic acid is dna.	True
[ "if thymine is found in a strand of nucleic acid, then the nucleic acid is dna.", "a researcher found thymine in a strand of nucleic acid." ]	the researcher found a strand of dna.	True
[ "if a pure dominant organism is crossed a recessive organism, then the offspring will have a 100% probability of being heterozygous dominant.", "a scientist crosses a red-flowered plant with a white-flowered plant, and all offspring have red flowers." ]	all the offspring with red flowers are heterozygous dominant.	True
[ "the offspring with red flowers are crossed with pure recessive white flowered plants.", "all the offspring with red flowers are heterozygous dominant." ]	heterozygous dominant red flowered plants are crossed with pure recessive white flowered plants.	True
[ "crossing a heterozygous dominant organism with a homozygous recessive organism causes their offspring to be dominant or recessive with either of 50% probability.", "heterozygous dominant red flowered plants are crossed with pure recessive white flowered plants." ]	the offspring will have either dominant red flowers or recessive white flowers with either of 50% probability.	True
[ "each parent carries one sickle cell allele.", "sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in human." ]	each parent has one dominant gene and a recessive gene for sickle cell anemia.	True
[ "heterozygous dominant organisms have one dominant gene and one recessive gene.", "each parent has one dominant gene and a recessive gene for sickle cell anemia." ]	both parents are heterozygous dominant for sickle cell anemia.	True
[ "if a heterozygous dominant organism is crossed with a heterozygous dominant organism, then the offspring will have a 25% probability of being homozygous recessive.", "both parents are heterozygous dominant for sickle cell anemia." ]	the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of being homozygous recessive for sickle cell anemia.	True
[ "homozygous recessive organisms will show the recessive trait.", "the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of being homozygous recessive for sickle cell anemia." ]	the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of having sickle cell anemia.	True
[ "the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of having sickle cell anemia.", "one in four is the same as 25%." ]	one in four of the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have sickle cell anemia.	True
[ "a plant is a kind of organism.", "flower is a part of a plant.", "the colors of parts of an organism are inherited characteristics." ]	the color of plants' flowers is a kind of inherited characteristic.	True
[ "the color of plants' flowers is a kind of inherited characteristic.", "inheriting is when an inherited characteristic is passed down from parent to offspring by genetics / dna." ]	plants offspring can inherit the flower color from their parents.	True
[ "yellow is a kind of color.", "the plant offspring has yellow flowers.", "plants offspring can inherit the flower color from their parents." ]	the parents of the plant are likely to have yellow flowers.	True
[ "a newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean.", "if an animal hatches from an egg then that animal is born." ]	a sea turtle that is just born walks toward the ocean.	True
[ "a sea turtle that is just born walks toward the ocean.", "an animal knows how to do instinctive behaviors when it is born." ]	walking toward the ocean is sea turtles' instinct behavior.	True
[ "a chicken is a kind of bird.", "a chick is a kind of young / baby chicken." ]	a chick is a kind of baby bird.	True
[ "an example of an instinctive behavior is a baby bird pecking at its shell to hatch.", "a chick is a kind of baby bird." ]	a chick pecking at its shell to hatch is an example of an instictive behavior.	True
[ "receiving the recessive gene for a trait from each parent causes the offspring to have that recessive trait.", "blue eye is a recessive trait in human." ]	to have blue eyes requires receiving the recessive gene from each parent.	True
[ "an egg cell is a kind of sex cell.", "a sperm cell is a kind of sex cell.", "a mutation in the sex cells of a parent can cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring." ]	a mutation in sperm or egg of a parent can cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring.	True
[ "smaller dogs have genetic trait of smaller size.", "human are breeding german shepherd dogs to other smaller dogs." ]	human are breeding german shepherd dogs with dogs with genetic trait of smaller size.	True
[ "selective breeding is when an organism receives selective genetic traits from its parents by human design.", "human are breeding german shepherd dogs with dogs with genetic trait of smaller size." ]	human breeding german shepherd dogs with dogs with genetic trait of smaller size is an example of selective breeding.	True
[ "sexual reproduction requires both sperm and egg.", "the sperm production is prevented in male insects.", "if something required for a process is not produced then that process is prevented from occurring." ]	the sexual reproduction process is prevented in the insects.	True
[ "the sexual reproduction process is prevented in the insects.", "preventing reproduction decreases the rate of reproduction.", "sexual reproduction is a kind of reproduction." ]	the reproduction rate in the insects will decrease.	True
[ "the reproduction rate in the insects will decrease.", "as the rate of reproduction decreases, the population will decrease." ]	the population of the insects will decrease.	True
[ "a hammer often is made of metal.", "when a metal rusts, that metal becomes flaky on the surface." ]	when a hammer rusts, the hammer will becom flaky on the surface.	True

[ "storing water has a positive impact on a living thing's survival by increasing the availability of water.", "a dry environment is low in availability of water." ]

storing water increases the water available to organisms in a dry environment.

True

[ "adapting is when a living thing responds to a change in an environment.", "storing water increases the water available to organisms in a dry environment." ]

storing water is an adaptation to a dry environment.

True

[ "as the available water in an environment increases, the populations of organisms in that environment will increase.", "an aquatic animal requires great amounts of water to thrive." ]

as water increases in an environment, the population of aquatic animals will increase.

True

[ "a salamander is a kind of aquatic animal.", "as water increases in an environment, the population of aquatic animals will increase." ]

as water increases in an environment, the population of salamanders may increase.

True

[ "when a body of water receives more water than it can hold, a flood occurs.", "as the amount of water in a body of water increases, the water levels will increase especially at the edge of that body of water." ]

a flood is a result of a large increase of water in a body of water.

True

[ "a flood is a result of a large increase of water in a body of water.", "a body of water is a part of some environments." ]

a flood is a result of a large increase of water in an environment.

True

[ "as water increases in an environment, the population of salamanders may increase.", "a flood is a result of a large increase of water in an environment." ]

a flood may cause the population of salamander to increase in an environment.

True

[ "frogs / turtles / fish / mice / birds are kinds of animals.", "alligators eat frogs / turtles / fish / mice / birds." ]

alligators eat animals.

True

[ "a predator eats other animals for food.", "alligators eat animals." ]

alligators are a kind of predator.

True

[ "alligators are a kind of predator.", "as the population of prey decreases, competition between predators will increase." ]

as the population of prey decreases, competition between alligators will increase.

True

[ "competition may cause animals to act aggressively towards members of their own species.", "as the population of prey decreases, competition between alligators will increase." ]

as the population of prey decreases, agression between alligators will increase.

True

[ "a drought occurs over a period of months / years.", "drought is when available water decreases in an environment." ]

drought is when available water decreases in an environment over a period of months / years.

True

[ "drought is when available water decreases in an environment over a period of months / years.", "as available water decreases, the population of plants will decrease." ]

a drought that occurs over a period of months / years may cause the population of plants in an environment to decrease.

True

[ "a marsh willow herb is a kind of plant.", "a drought that occurs over a period of months / years may cause the population of plants in an environment to decrease." ]

a drought that occurs over a period of months / years may cause the population of marsh willow herb in an environment to decrease.

True

[ "sweat is used for adjusting to hot temperatures by some animals.", "sweat cools a body." ]

when the body is hot, sweat is used to cool the body.

True

[ "panting is when an animal's body is cooled by hanging out their tongue.", "when the body is hot, sweat is used to cool the body." ]

panting and sweating are used to cool the body.

True

[ "cooling means decreasing heat / temperature.", "if an animal becomes too hot then that animal may die." ]

cooling can be used by an animal for survival.

True

[ "cooling can be used by an animal for survival.", "if the environmental temperature is too hot then an animal in that environment may become hot." ]

if the temperature of an animal's environment becomes too hot then that animal must cool itself.

True

[ "if the temperature of an animal's environment becomes too hot then that animal must cool itself.", "adapting is when a living thing responds to a change in an environment." ]

an animal cooling itself is an adaptation to hot temperatures.

True

[ "an animal cooling itself is an adaptation to hot temperatures.", "panting and sweating are used to cool the body." ]

an example of adaptations to hot temperatures are panting and sweating.

True

[ "cellular respiration is when a cell converts from oxygen and carbohydrates into carbon dioxide, water, and energy.", "living things require respiration to use energy." ]

living things must convert oxygen into carbon dioxide to use energy.

True

[ "living things must convert oxygen into carbon dioxide to use energy.", "breathing is when animals convert oxygen into carbon dioxide." ]

living things must breathe to use energy.

True

[ "animals are a source of carbon dioxide by exhaling.", "breathing out is when animals exhale carbon dioxide from their lungs into the air." ]

animals are a source of carbon dioxide by breathing.

True

[ "animals are a source of carbon dioxide by breathing.", "a source of something produces that something." ]

animals produce carbon dioxide by breathing.

True

[ "animals produce carbon dioxide by breathing.", "living things must breathe to use energy." ]

animals produce carbon dioxide by using energy.

True

[ "carbohydrates are used for storing energy.", "photosynthesis makes energy for the plant by converting carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight into carbohydrates." ]

photosynthesis stores energy.

True

[ "if something is required to use something else then that something is a source of that something else.", "living things require respiration to use energy." ]

respiration is a source of energy for living things.

True

[ "if something releases something else then that something is the source of that something else.", "respiration is a source of energy for living things." ]

respiration releases energy.

True

[ "photosynthesis stores energy.", "respiration releases energy." ]

photosynthesis stores energy and respiration releases energy.

True

[ "digestion is when stomach acid breaks down food.", "the digestive system digests food for the body." ]

the digestive system breaks down food.

True

[ "if something is made of something else then that something can be broken down into that something else.", "if something is made of something else then that something contains that something else." ]

if something contains something else then that something can be broken down into that something else.

True

[ "if something contains something else then that something can be broken down into that something else.", "the digestive system breaks down food." ]

the digestive system breaks down food into the substances it contains.

True

[ "food contains nutrients for living things.", "the digestive system breaks down food into the substances it contains." ]

the digestive system breaks down food into nutrients for the body.

True

[ "scales are a covering around the body of a scaled animal.", "a fish is a kind of scaled animal." ]

fish is a kind of scaled animal with scales covering around the body.

True

[ "scales are used for protection by scaled animals.", "fish is a kind of scaled animal with scales covering around the body." ]

scales are used for protection by fish.

True

[ "a human is a kind of animal.", "an animal is a kind of living thing." ]

a human is a kind of living thing.

True

[ "a plant is a kind of living thing.", "an apple tree is a kind of plant." ]

an apple tree is a kind of living thing.

True

[ "a human is a kind of living thing.", "an apple tree is a kind of living thing.", "all living things are made of cells according to the cell theory." ]

both the human and the apple tree are made of cells.

True

[ "a plant cell is a kind of cell.", "a cell nucleus is a part of a cell." ]

a cell nucleus is a part of a plant cell.

True

[ "a cell wall is a part of a plant cell for supporting and protecting the cell membrane.", "chloroplast is a part of a plant cell.", "a cell nucleus is a part of a plant cell." ]

a cell nucleus, chloroplast and a cell wall are part of a plant cell.

True

[ "a computer room is used to control the assembly process in a factory.", "the cell nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell.", "controlling is a kind of function." ]

a computer room in a factory has a similar function to the cell nucleus in controlling the functions.

True

[ "if something does not contain something else, then that something else cannot be found in that something.", "a prokaryotic cell does not contain a nucleus." ]

a nucleus cannot be found in prokaryotic cells.

True

[ "photosynthesis makes food for the plant.", "a leaf performs photosynthesis / gas exchange." ]

a leaf makes food for the plant by performing photosynthesis.

True

[ "a leaf makes food for the plant by performing photosynthesis.", "providing food is a kind of specific life process." ]

a leaf performs a specific life process of making food for the plants.

True

[ "a leaf performs a specific life process of making food for the plants.", "organs perform specific life process in organisms." ]

a leaf in a plant is performing like an organ in organisms.

True

[ "taking in carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process.", "absorbing something is a kind of method for taking something in." ]

absorbing carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process.

True

[ "absorbing carbon dioxide is a stage in the photosynthesis process.", "carbon dioxide can be found in the air." ]

absorbing carbon dioxide from the air is a stage in the photosynthesis process.

True

[ "absorbing carbon dioxide from the air is a stage in the photosynthesis process.", "plants perform photosynthesis." ]

a plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to perform photosynthesis.

True

[ "a plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air to perform photosynthesis.", "when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed by plants, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is reduced in the atmosphere." ]

plant photosynthesis reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.

True

[ "sunlight is a kind of solar energy.", "photosynthesis means green plants convert from carbon dioxide and water and solar energy into carbohydrates and food and oxygen for themselves." ]

photosynthesis means plants convert carbon dioxide and water and sunlight into carbohydrates and food and oxygen.

True

[ "if an orgnism uses a process to convert something into something else, then that something is used for that process.", "photosynthesis means plants convert carbon dioxide and water and sunlight into carbohydrates and food and oxygen." ]

a plant uses sunlight for photosynthesis.

True

[ "a plant uses sunlight for photosynthesis.", "in the photosynthesis process sunlight has the role of raw material." ]

a plant uses the raw material sunlight for photosynthesis.

True

[ "using a raw material sometimes requires absorbing that raw material.", "a plant uses the raw material sunlight for photosynthesis." ]

a plant absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis.

True

[ "a leaf absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis.", "chlorophyll is found in the cells of leaves." ]

chlorophyll is found in the cells of parts of plants that absorb sunlight to perform photosynthesis.

True

[ "chlorophyll is found in the cells of parts of plants that absorb sunlight to perform photosynthesis.", "a plant absorbs sunlight to perform photosynthesis." ]

chlorophyll is used for absorbing sunlight by plants.

True

[ "sunlight is a kind of light.", "light is a kind of energy." ]

sunlight is a kind of light energy.

True

[ "sunlight is a kind of light energy.", "chlorophyll is used for absorbing sunlight by plants." ]

chlorophyll is used for absorbing light energy by plants.

True

[ "some microorganisms have a positive impact on human body.", "if something has a positive impact on another thing, then the relationship is benificial." ]

some microorganisms are benificial to human body.

True

[ "disease-causing microbes have a negative impact on the body.", "if something has a negative impact on another thing, then the relationship is harmful." ]

some disease-causing microbes are harmful to human body.

True

[ "some disease-causing microbes are harmful to human body.", "some microorganisms are benificial to human body." ]

the relationship between human and microorganisms is sometimes beneficial and sometimes harmful.

True

[ "water is a kind of nonliving thing.", "a river is a kind of body of water." ]

a river is a nonliving thing.

True

[ "preferences are generally learned characteristics.", "a food preference is a kind of preference." ]

food preference is a kind of learned characteristics.

True

[ "food preference is a kind of learned characteristics.", "learned characteristics are similar to acquired characteristics." ]

food preference is a kind of acquired characteristics.

True

[ "an animal is a kind of organism.", "a dog is a kind of animal." ]

a dog is a kind of organism.

True

[ "food preference is a kind of acquired characteristics.", "an organism's environment affects that organism's acquired characteristics.", "a dog is a kind of organism." ]

the food preference of a dog is affected by its environment.

True

[ "following orders is a learned characteristic.", "an example of following orders is coming when called." ]

a dog coming when called is a kind of learned characteristic.

True

[ "hunting is a kind of skill.", "skills are learned characteristics / behaviors." ]

hunting is a kind of learned behaviors.

True

[ "preferences are generally learned characteristics.", "a food preference is a kind of preference." ]

food preference is a kind of learned characteristics.

True

[ "inherited characteristics are the opposite of learned characteristics.", "inheriting is when an inherited characteristic is passed from parent to offspring by genetics / dna." ]

learned characteristics are not inherited from parents.

True

[ "learned characteristics are not inherited from parents.", "food preference is a kind of learned characteristics." ]

food preference is not inherited from parents.

True

[ "a human is a kind of animal.", "the intelligence of animals is an acquired characteristic." ]

the intelligence of a human is an acquired characteristic.

True

[ "the intelligence of a human is an acquired characteristic.", "inherited characteristics are the opposite of acquired characteristics." ]

the intelligence of a human is not an inherited characteristic.

True

[ "genes is a vehicle for passing inherited characteristics from parent to offspring.", "a father is a kind of male parent.", "a mother is a kind of female parent." ]

genes are a vehicle for passing inherited characteristics from a mother and a father to offspring.

True

[ "genes are a vehicle for passing inherited characteristics from a mother and a father to offspring.", "in sexual reproduction sperm is a vehicle for the genes from the father to the offspring.", "in sexual reproduction the egg is a vehicle for the genes from the mother to the offspring." ]

genes are passed from a mother and a father to offspring through the egg and sperm.

True

[ "genes are passed from a mother and a father to offspring through the egg and sperm.", "genes determine the traits for the living things." ]

traits are passed from a mother and a father to offspring through the egg and sperm.

True

[ "dna is a kind of nucleic acid.", "thymine is found in dna.", "thymine cannot be found in rna." ]

if thymine is found in a strand of nucleic acid, then the nucleic acid is dna.

True

[ "if thymine is found in a strand of nucleic acid, then the nucleic acid is dna.", "a researcher found thymine in a strand of nucleic acid." ]

the researcher found a strand of dna.

True

[ "if a pure dominant organism is crossed a recessive organism, then the offspring will have a 100% probability of being heterozygous dominant.", "a scientist crosses a red-flowered plant with a white-flowered plant, and all offspring have red flowers." ]

all the offspring with red flowers are heterozygous dominant.

True

[ "the offspring with red flowers are crossed with pure recessive white flowered plants.", "all the offspring with red flowers are heterozygous dominant." ]

heterozygous dominant red flowered plants are crossed with pure recessive white flowered plants.

True

[ "crossing a heterozygous dominant organism with a homozygous recessive organism causes their offspring to be dominant or recessive with either of 50% probability.", "heterozygous dominant red flowered plants are crossed with pure recessive white flowered plants." ]

the offspring will have either dominant red flowers or recessive white flowers with either of 50% probability.

True

[ "each parent carries one sickle cell allele.", "sickle cell anemia is a recessive trait in human." ]

each parent has one dominant gene and a recessive gene for sickle cell anemia.

True

[ "heterozygous dominant organisms have one dominant gene and one recessive gene.", "each parent has one dominant gene and a recessive gene for sickle cell anemia." ]

both parents are heterozygous dominant for sickle cell anemia.

True

[ "if a heterozygous dominant organism is crossed with a heterozygous dominant organism, then the offspring will have a 25% probability of being homozygous recessive.", "both parents are heterozygous dominant for sickle cell anemia." ]

the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of being homozygous recessive for sickle cell anemia.

True

[ "homozygous recessive organisms will show the recessive trait.", "the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of being homozygous recessive for sickle cell anemia." ]

the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of having sickle cell anemia.

True

[ "the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have 25% probability of having sickle cell anemia.", "one in four is the same as 25%." ]

one in four of the offspring of heterozygous dominant parents will have sickle cell anemia.

True

[ "a plant is a kind of organism.", "flower is a part of a plant.", "the colors of parts of an organism are inherited characteristics." ]

the color of plants' flowers is a kind of inherited characteristic.

True

[ "the color of plants' flowers is a kind of inherited characteristic.", "inheriting is when an inherited characteristic is passed down from parent to offspring by genetics / dna." ]

plants offspring can inherit the flower color from their parents.

True

[ "yellow is a kind of color.", "the plant offspring has yellow flowers.", "plants offspring can inherit the flower color from their parents." ]

the parents of the plant are likely to have yellow flowers.

True

[ "a newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean.", "if an animal hatches from an egg then that animal is born." ]

a sea turtle that is just born walks toward the ocean.

True

[ "a sea turtle that is just born walks toward the ocean.", "an animal knows how to do instinctive behaviors when it is born." ]

walking toward the ocean is sea turtles' instinct behavior.

True

[ "a chicken is a kind of bird.", "a chick is a kind of young / baby chicken." ]

a chick is a kind of baby bird.

True

[ "an example of an instinctive behavior is a baby bird pecking at its shell to hatch.", "a chick is a kind of baby bird." ]

a chick pecking at its shell to hatch is an example of an instictive behavior.

True

[ "receiving the recessive gene for a trait from each parent causes the offspring to have that recessive trait.", "blue eye is a recessive trait in human." ]

to have blue eyes requires receiving the recessive gene from each parent.

True

[ "an egg cell is a kind of sex cell.", "a sperm cell is a kind of sex cell.", "a mutation in the sex cells of a parent can cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring." ]

a mutation in sperm or egg of a parent can cause a new trait to appear in the parent's offspring.

True

[ "smaller dogs have genetic trait of smaller size.", "human are breeding german shepherd dogs to other smaller dogs." ]

human are breeding german shepherd dogs with dogs with genetic trait of smaller size.

True

[ "selective breeding is when an organism receives selective genetic traits from its parents by human design.", "human are breeding german shepherd dogs with dogs with genetic trait of smaller size." ]

human breeding german shepherd dogs with dogs with genetic trait of smaller size is an example of selective breeding.

True

[ "sexual reproduction requires both sperm and egg.", "the sperm production is prevented in male insects.", "if something required for a process is not produced then that process is prevented from occurring." ]

the sexual reproduction process is prevented in the insects.

True

[ "the sexual reproduction process is prevented in the insects.", "preventing reproduction decreases the rate of reproduction.", "sexual reproduction is a kind of reproduction." ]

the reproduction rate in the insects will decrease.

True

[ "the reproduction rate in the insects will decrease.", "as the rate of reproduction decreases, the population will decrease." ]

the population of the insects will decrease.

True

[ "a hammer often is made of metal.", "when a metal rusts, that metal becomes flaky on the surface." ]

when a hammer rusts, the hammer will becom flaky on the surface.

True