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int64
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C
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call(unsigned long long int a,unsigned long long int b) { /* if(a!=0) call(b%a,a); else{ return b; }or*/ return a==0?b:call(b%a,a); } main() { unsigned long long int a,b; int n,pro; scanf("%d",&n); scanf("%llu%llu",&a,&b); // int pro=call(a,b); for(int i=2;i<n;i++) { scanf("%llu",&b); pro=call(a,b); a=(a*b)/pro; } printf("%d",a); }
C
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main() { int a,b,c,d,t,x; float per; printf("Enter the marks of four subjects out of 100 "); scanf("%d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d); t=a+b+c+d; per=t/4; if((a>b) && (a>c) && (a>d)) { if ((b>c) && (b>d)) printf("%f %d",per,b); else if ((c>b) && (c>d)) printf("%f %d",per,c); else if ((d>b) && (d>c)) printf("%f %d",per,d); } else if((b>a) && (b>c) && (b>d)) { if ((a>c) && (a>d)) printf("%f %d",per,a); else if ((c>a) && (c>d)) printf("%f %d",per,c); else if ((d>a) && (d>c)) printf("%f %d",per,d); } else if((c>a) && (c>b) && (c>d)) { if ((a>b) && (a>d)) printf("%f %d",per,a); else if ((b>a) && (b>d)) printf("%f %d",per,b); else if ((d>a) && (d>b)) printf("%f %d",per,d); } else if((d>a) && (d>b) && (d>c)) { if ((c>a) && (c>b)) printf("%f %d",per,c); else if ((b>a) && (b>c)) printf("%f %d",per,b); else if ((a>b) && (a>c)) printf("%f %d",per,a); } return 0; }
C
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#include "time.c" #include <stdio.h> int main() { Calendar *random_calendar = makeRandomCalendar(); //should be 0000-00-00 char *date_time = getDateTime(random_calendar, "YYYY-MM-DD"); puts(date_time); setDateTimeRandomly(random_calendar); TIME_COUNT date_time_counter = getDateTimeAsCounter(random_calendar); if(dateTimeIsBefore(random_calendar, 0)) { puts("Fail! random time is earlier than the dawn of time!"); } TIME_COUNT date_time_old_counter = date_time_counter; advanceTime(random_calendar, YEAR); if(dateTimeIsAfter(random_calendar, date_time_old_counter)){ puts("Fail! advance (or associated checks) isn't working"); } rewindTime(random_calendar, YEAR); if(getDateTimeAsCounter(random_calendar) != date_time_old_counter) { puts("Fail! rewind isn't working."); } return 0; }
C
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#include "concurrent_queue_2locks.c" /* #include "queue.c" */ #include <pthread.h> void spawnThreads(int n, int x); void *dummy_function(void *arg); #define foo 100000 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int n = 6; int x = 100000; srand(time(NULL)); initialize_queue(); for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { enqueue(rand()); } struct timeval t0; struct timeval t1; gettimeofday(&t0, NULL); spawnThreads(n, x); gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); long elapsed = (t1.tv_sec - t0.tv_sec) * 1000000 + t1.tv_usec - t0.tv_usec; printf("Elapsed time: %ld\n", elapsed); } void spawnThreads(int n, int x) { pthread_t threadIds[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { printf("Launching thread: %d\n", i); int *number = malloc(sizeof(*number)); *number = x/n; pthread_create(&(threadIds[i]), NULL, dummy_function, (void * ) number); } for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { pthread_join(threadIds[i], NULL); } } void *dummy_function(void *arg) { for (int i = 0; i < *((int *) arg); i ++) { double coin = ((double) rand() / (RAND_MAX)); if (coin < 0.8) { enqueue(rand()); } else { int val; dequeue(&val); } } return NULL; }
C
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/* * RFSwitch433.c * * Created on: Jun 30, 2018 * Author: robert */ #include <avr/io.h> #include <util/delay.h> #include "RF433_SF500.h" //Kudos to the Arduino NewRFSwitch library for the timings and parts of the code //Private, send the stoppulse void send_stoppulse(){ PORTD |= (1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US*40); } void send_bit(uint8_t bit){ if (bit) { // Send '1' PORTD |= (1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US * 5); PORTD |= (1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); } else { // Send '0' PORTD |= (1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD |= (1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US * 5); } } //Private, send the address of the unit void send_unit_address(uint8_t unit){ for (int8_t i=3; i>=0; i--) { send_bit(unit & 1<<i); } } //Private, send the address to the device void send_address(uint32_t address){ for (int8_t i=25; i>=0; i--) { send_bit((address >> i) & 1); } } //Private, send start pulse to the device void send_startpulse(){ PORTD |= (1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US); PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); _delay_us(PERIOD_US * 10 + (PERIOD_US >> 1)); } void RFS_init(){ //Set the TX pin to output DDRD |= (1<<PD4); //Set the TX pin to low PORTD &= ~(1<<PD4); } void RFS_send_unit(uint32_t address, uint8_t unit, uint8_t state){ send_startpulse(); send_address(address); //No group bit send_bit(0); //Send state send_bit(state); send_unit_address(unit); send_stoppulse(); }
C
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#include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <signal.h> #include <time.h> int child_pids[1000]; int parent_hp = 0; int MAX_CHILDREN = 10; int numChildren = 0; void sig_handler_parent(int signum) { printf("\nParent: Inside handler function\n"); for(int i = 0; i < numChildren; i ++) { kill(child_pids[i], SIGUSR2); } exit(0); } void sig_handler_child(int signum) { printf("\nChild:Inside handler function\n"); printf("parent hp is %d!!!!\n", parent_hp); //printf("%d", getpid()); printf("Now dying!!!%d\n", getpid()); exit(0); } void kidKiller(int kidToKill) { sleep(1); printf("\nenter KILL MODE\n"); //added this 3 due to a weird race condition sleep(3); printf("Killed PID: %d\n", kidToKill); kill(getpid(), SIGKILL); } int main() { //preset length of array TODO it would be cool not to but I also benefit in capping //out the number of running procs. just as a saftey net. time_t t; srand((unsigned) time(&t)); parent_hp = rand() % 10 + 5; signal(SIGINT, sig_handler_parent); while(1) { int pid = fork(); if(pid == 0) { printf("Another kid born\n"); signal(SIGUSR2, sig_handler_child); //pause keeps the child alive pause(); } else { //I am daddy child_pids[numChildren] = pid; numChildren ++; // prevent race condition sleep(1); //kill(pid, SIGUSR2); } } return 0; }
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#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> int main() { int size = 0; int i = 0; char str[50]; char* p_str = NULL; scanf("%s", str); size = strlen(str); p_str = str; for(i = size; i > 0;) { printf("%c", *p_str++); i--; if(i%3 == 0 && i > 0) { printf(","); } } puts(""); return 0; }
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/** * * Implementing Circular Queue * **/ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> struct Node { int data; struct Node *next; }; struct CircularQueue { struct Node *front; struct Node *rear; int size; }; struct CircularQueue* createCircularQueue(){ struct CircularQueue *queue = (struct CircularQueue *) malloc(sizeof(struct CircularQueue)); queue->front = NULL; queue->rear = NULL; queue->size = 0; return queue; } void enqueue(struct CircularQueue *queue, int data){ struct Node *newnode = (struct Node *) malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); newnode->data = data; /*Check if the queue is empty or not */ if(queue->front == NULL){ queue->front = newnode; queue->rear = newnode; newnode->next = newnode; queue->size++; return; } queue->rear->next = newnode; queue->rear = newnode; newnode->next = queue->front; queue->size++; } int dequeue(struct CircularQueue *queue){ /*Check whether the queue is empty or not*/ if(queue->front == NULL){ printf("The Queue is empty\n"); return INT_MIN; } /*When the queue has single element*/ if(queue->front == queue->rear){ int del = queue->front->data; queue->front = NULL; queue->rear = NULL; queue->size--; return del; } /*Other case*/ int item = queue->front->data; queue->front = queue->front->next; queue->rear->next = queue->front; queue->size--; return item; } int frontNode(struct CircularQueue *queue){ if(queue->front == NULL){ printf("The queue is empty\n"); return INT_MIN; } return queue->front->data; } int rearNode(struct CircularQueue *queue){ if(queue->rear == NULL){ printf("The queue is empty\n"); return INT_MIN; } return queue->rear->data; } void printQueue(struct CircularQueue *queue){ struct Node *temp = queue->front; int size = queue->size; printf("The Circular Queue is:\n"); while(size-->0){ printf("%d ", temp->data); temp = temp->next; } printf("\n"); } int main(){ struct CircularQueue *queue = createCircularQueue(); int n, data; while(1){ printf("Insert an item to queue(1)\n"); printf("Remove item from queue(2)\n"); printf("Retrieve the front item from queue(3)\n"); printf("Retrieve theL last item from queue(4)\n"); printf("Exit(0)\n"); scanf("%d", &n); switch(n){ case 1: printf("Enter an item: "); scanf("%d", &data); enqueue(queue, data); printQueue(queue); break; case 2: dequeue(queue); if(queue->front != NULL){ printQueue(queue); } break; case 3: printf("%d\n", frontNode(queue)); break; case 4: printf("%d\n", rearNode(queue)); break; case 0: exit(1); } } return 0; }
C
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#include<stdio.h> void main() { char x,y,z; x='A'; y=x+7; printf("the value of x is %c\n",x); printf("the value of y is %c\n",y); }
C
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// // lock_3.c - Using a mutex (mutual exclusion lock) // // pthread_mutex_lock() - acquire a lock on the specified mutex variable. If the mutex is already locked by another thread, // this call will block the calling thread until the mutex is unlocked. // // pthread_mutex_unlock() - unlock a mutex variable. An error is returned if mutex is already unlocked or owned by another thread. // #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <stdlib.h> // // input 10 numbers and print them // #define MAX_READ 1 // maximun number of readers #define MAX_WRITE 1 // maximun number of writers int v[100] = {}; pthread_mutex_t mtx; // a mutex // // Readers start routine // void* check(void* a) { int k = (int)a; pthread_mutex_lock(&mtx); // lock for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) scanf("%d", &v[i]); pthread_mutex_unlock(&mtx); // unlock return NULL; } // // Writers start routine // void* buy(void* a) { int k = (int)a; pthread_mutex_lock(&mtx); // lock int num; printf("read num to check: "); scanf("%d", &num); for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) if (v[i] % num == 0) printf("%d mod %d == 0\n", v[i], num); printf("end writer -------------\n"); pthread_mutex_unlock(&mtx); // unlock return NULL; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { pthread_t tr[MAX_READ]; pthread_t tw[MAX_WRITE]; pthread_mutex_init(&mtx, NULL); // init the mutex int i; for (i = 0; i < MAX_READ; i++) { pthread_create(&tr[i], NULL, check, (void*)i); // create readers } for (i = 0; i < MAX_WRITE; i++) { pthread_create(&tw[i], NULL, buy, (void*)i); // create writers } for (i = 0; i < MAX_READ; i++) { pthread_join(tr[i], NULL); // wait for readers to finish } for (i = 0; i < MAX_WRITE; i++) { pthread_join(tw[i], NULL); // wait for writers to finish } pthread_mutex_destroy(&mtx); // destroy the mutex return 0; }
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#ifndef DICEGAME_H #define DICEGAME_H typedef enum GuessType { REGULAR, BONUS, ELIMINATION } GuessType; typedef struct Guess { int points; int die1; int die2; GuessType type; } Guess; void printGuess( Guess g ); void getDice( int* d1, int* d2 ); void fillGuesses( Guess* guesses, int length ) ; #endif
C
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#include <stdio.h> #include <assert.h> #include <string.h> int _strlen(const char *s) { if (s == NULL) return 0; register const char* c = s; while (*c) { c++; } return (c - s); } int main(int argc, char ** argv) { const char *test = "this is a test"; printf("my strlen is %d\n", _strlen(test)); assert(_strlen(test) == strlen(test)); printf("empty strlen is %d\n", _strlen(NULL)); }
C
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/* ** malloc.c for malloc in /home/erwan/Code/teck/PSU_2016_malloc ** ** Made by erwan ** Login <[email protected]> ** ** Started on Thu Jan 26 14:08:12 2017 erwan ** Last update Sat Feb 11 16:09:33 2017 Antoine */ #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <pthread.h> #include "linked_list.h" void my_put_nbr(int); pthread_mutex_t g_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; void *malloc(size_t size) { void *ptr; if (size % 8) size = ((size / 8) * 8) + 8; pthread_mutex_lock(&g_mutex); ptr = searchSlot(size); pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_mutex); return (ptr); } void free(void *ptr) { pthread_mutex_lock(&g_mutex); free_elem(ptr); pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_mutex); } void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size) { char *res; char *src; t_block *scroll; if (ptr == NULL) return (malloc(size)); scroll = g_start; while (scroll && scroll->_end != ptr) scroll = scroll->_next; if (scroll != NULL && scroll->_blockSize >= size) { pthread_mutex_lock(&g_mutex); scroll->_effSize = size; pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_mutex); return (ptr); } src = ptr; if ((res = malloc(size)) == NULL) return (NULL); pthread_mutex_lock(&g_mutex); res = memcpy(res, src, size); pthread_mutex_unlock(&g_mutex); free(ptr); return (res); } void show_alloc_mem() { t_block *scroll; printf("break : %p\n", sbrk(0)); scroll = g_start; while (scroll) { if (scroll->_effSize > 0) printf("%p - %p : %d\n", scroll->_end, scroll->_end + scroll->_effSize, (int) scroll->_effSize); scroll = scroll->_next; } }
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#ifndef __AUTH_H__ #define __AUTH_H__ /** * Uses PAM to authenticate the given user. * * @param user User to authenticate. * @return `0` if the user successfully authenticated, `-1` otherwise. */ int auth_authenticate_user(char* user); #endif
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define NUM_ORGANISMS 3 #define DIMINISHING 0.25 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int organisms[NUM_ORGANISMS]; float pr1[NUM_ORGANISMS] = {0}; float pr2[NUM_ORGANISMS * NUM_ORGANISMS] = {0}; float pr_dom, dim; int t, i, j; t = 0; pr_dom = 0; dim = 1; /* Start by getting the number of each organism type */ printf("Homogenous Dominant: "); scanf("%d", &organisms[0]); printf("Hetrogenous: "); scanf("%d", &organisms[1]); printf("Homogenous Recessive: "); scanf("%d", &organisms[2]); /* Compute the total number of organisms */ for( i=0; i<NUM_ORGANISMS; i++ ) { t += organisms[i]; } /* For each type of organism, compute the probability that the first * randomly chosen organism will be of that type */ for( i=0; i<NUM_ORGANISMS; i++) { pr1[i] = (float)organisms[i]/t; } /* Decrement t as we have one less organism to choose from */ t--; /* Compute the second round of probabilities accounting. What is the * likelihood that a particular organism type will be chosen given * that the first choice was of the same or a different type */ for( i=0; i<NUM_ORGANISMS; i++ ) { for( j=0; j<NUM_ORGANISMS; j++ ) { pr2[NUM_ORGANISMS*i+j] = (float)( organisms[j] - ((i==j)? 1 : 0))/t; } } /* Compute the probability that a child will have a dominant * allele */ for( i=0; i<NUM_ORGANISMS; i++ ) { dim = 1; for( j=0; j<NUM_ORGANISMS; j++ ) { pr_dom += pr1[i] * pr2[NUM_ORGANISMS*i + j] * dim; dim = dim - DIMINISHING*i; } } /* Print the tree for aesthetics */ printf("%.4f\n", 1.0); for( i=0; i<NUM_ORGANISMS; i++ ) { printf("\t%.4f\n", pr1[i]); for( j=0; j<NUM_ORGANISMS; j++ ) { printf("\t\t%.4f\n", pr2[NUM_ORGANISMS*i + j]); } } /* Print the result */ printf("%.4f\n", pr_dom); return 0; }
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/* This program sums all rows in an array using MPI parallelism. * The root process acts as a master and sends a portion of the * array to each child process. Master and child processes then * all calculate a partial sum of the portion of the array assigned * to them, and the child processes send their partial sums to * the master, who calculates a grand total. */ #include <mpi.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include "plugin.h" #include "aes.h" #define DIR_UNKNOWN 0 #define DIR_CIPHER 1 #define DIR_DECIPHER 2 void memprint(uint8_t * ptr, int size, int width) { int i; for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) { printf("%02x ", ptr[i]); if ( ! ((i+1) % width) ) printf("\n"); } } int main(int argc, char **argv) { // variables necessary for MPI int my_id, root, ierr, num_procs; // variables used for storing cipher settings char * in_fname = NULL; char * out_fname = NULL; int rel_out_fname = 0; int key_size = 0; char * key = NULL; int direction = DIR_UNKNOWN; char * algo = NULL; char * generator = NULL; int verbose = 0; int failure = 0; uint8_t genkey[32]; uint8_t * input_buffer; void * buffer; aes_global_t data; lib_hash_t lib_hash; int failed = 1; aes_times_t times; double ela; /* * Now replicate this process to create parallel processes. * From this point on, every process executes a separate copy * of this program */ ierr = MPI_Init(&argc, &argv); if (ierr != MPI_SUCCESS) { fprintf(stderr, "OpenMPI initialization failed.\n"); return -1; } // set root process number root = 0; /* find out MY process ID, and how many processes were started. */ ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &my_id); ierr = MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &num_procs); if (my_id == root) { //printf("Spawned %d processes.\n", num_procs); //fflush(stdout); if (argc < 2) { //printUsage(argv[0]); } // Parsing console parameters int c; while ( (c = getopt(argc, argv, "a:cdg:hk:o:s:v")) != -1) { switch (c) { case 'a': algo = optarg; break; case 'c': if (direction == DIR_DECIPHER) { printf("Conflicting direction flags specified (-c and -d)!\n"); failed = 2; break; } else { direction = DIR_CIPHER; } break; case 'd': if (direction == DIR_CIPHER) { printf("Conflicting direction flags specified (-c and -d)!\n"); failed = 2; break; } else { direction = DIR_DECIPHER; } break; case 'g': generator = optarg; break; case 'h': //printHelp(); failed = 2; break; case 'k': key = optarg; break; case 'o': if (out_fname) { printf("Only one -o option allowed!\n"); failed = 2; break; } else { out_fname = optarg; } break; case 's': key_size = atoi(optarg); break; case 'v': verbose = 1; break; case '?': //printHelp(); failed = 2; break; default: printf("Unknown argument: %c!\n", c); failed = 2; break; } if (failed == 2) break; } if ( (optind < argc) && (failed < 2) ) { while (optind < argc) { if (in_fname) { printf("Too many input files specified!\n"); break; } else { in_fname = argv[optind]; } optind++; } } if (failed == 2) { printf("failed.\n"); fflush(stdout); } // Checking, if all necessary parameters were set if (direction == DIR_UNKNOWN && failed < 2) { printf("Specify either cipher or decipher (-c/-d)!\n"); failed = 2; } if (!in_fname && failed < 2) { printf("No input file specified!\n"); failed = 2; } if (!out_fname && failed < 2) { rel_out_fname = 1; out_fname = malloc(strlen(in_fname) + 8); strcpy(out_fname, in_fname); if (direction == DIR_CIPHER) strcat(out_fname, ".secret"); else if (direction == DIR_DECIPHER) strcat(out_fname, ".public"); } if (key_size != 128 && key_size != 192 && key_size != 256 && failed < 2) { printf("Key size have to be either 128, 192 or 256 bits!\n"); failed = 2; } if (!key && failed < 2) { printf("Key not specified!\n"); failed = 2; } if (!algo) { algo = "aes"; } if (!generator) { generator = "raw"; } if (verbose && failed < 2) { printf("Input file: %s\n", in_fname); printf("Output file: %s\n", out_fname); printf("Key: %s\n", key); printf("Key length: %d bits\n", key_size); printf("Key generator: %s\n", generator); printf("Algorithm: %s\n", algo); printf("Direction: %s\n", direction == DIR_CIPHER ? "cipher" : "decipher"); } // find all required plugins if (failed < 2 && loadHashPlugin(generator, &lib_hash) != 0) { printf("Unable to load key generator plugin.\n"); failure = 1; } // prepare key from given input lib_hash.hash(key, genkey, key_size / 8); if (failed < 2 && verbose) { printf("Key: "); memprint(genkey, key_size / 8, key_size / 8); } // load data from file, compute all necessary parameters if(failed < 2) { FILE * in_f; int per_proc; int rest; aesInitGlobalData(&data, key_size); in_f = fopen(in_fname, "rb"); if (in_f == NULL) perror("Can't open input file!"); // get input file size fseek(in_f, 0, SEEK_END); data.in_size = ftell(in_f); if (direction == DIR_DECIPHER) data.in_size -= 8; data.in_blocks = (uint32_t) ceil(1.0 * data.in_size / data.block_size); data.in_blocks = (uint32_t) ceil(1.0 * data.in_blocks / num_procs) * num_procs; fseek(in_f, 0, SEEK_SET); per_proc = data.in_blocks / num_procs; rest = data.in_blocks % num_procs; //printf("Input file has %d bytes, which is %d blocks.\n", data.in_size, data.in_blocks); //printf("Each of %d processes will have %d blocks in buffer (%d blocks left).\n", num_procs, per_proc, rest); data.in_blocks /= num_procs; // allocate memory for input buffer input_buffer = (uint8_t *) malloc(data.in_blocks * data.block_size * num_procs); if (input_buffer == NULL) { fclose(in_f); perror("Can't allocate memory for input buffer!"); } if (direction == DIR_CIPHER) { data.nonce_0 = time(NULL); data.nonce_1 = 1; } else { fread(&(data.nonce_0), sizeof(uint32_t), 1, in_f); fread(&(data.nonce_1), sizeof(uint32_t), 1, in_f); } // load file content into buffer if (data.in_size != fread(input_buffer, sizeof(uint8_t), data.in_size, in_f)) { free(input_buffer); fclose(in_f); perror("Can't read input file to buffer!"); } fclose(in_f); failed = 0; } } // end of data preparation // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // WARNING! MAGIC SECTION BEGINS HERE!! // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- if (my_id == root) { clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &(times.t0)); } // broadcast global data to all processes MPI_Bcast(&key_size, 1, MPI_INT, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); MPI_Bcast(&direction, 1, MPI_INT, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); MPI_Bcast(genkey, key_size/8, MPI_BYTE, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); MPI_Bcast(&data.in_blocks, 4, MPI_BYTE, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); MPI_Bcast(&data.nonce_0, 4, MPI_BYTE, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); MPI_Bcast(&data.nonce_1, 4, MPI_BYTE, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); aesInitGlobalData(&data, key_size); // allocate data buffer for each process //buffer = malloc(data.in_blocks * data.block_size); //MPI_Buffer_attach (buffer, data.in_blocks * data.block_size); data.in_data = malloc(data.in_blocks * data.block_size); aesKeyExpansion(&data, genkey); // scatter data to all processes MPI_Scatter(input_buffer, data.in_blocks*data.block_size, MPI_BYTE, data.in_data, data.in_blocks*data.block_size, MPI_BYTE, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); if (my_id == root) { clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &(times.t1)); } // process data - cipher/decipher given block aesCipherT(&data); if (my_id == root) { clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &(times.t2)); } // return processed data MPI_Gather(data.in_data, data.in_blocks*data.block_size, MPI_BYTE, input_buffer, data.in_blocks*data.block_size, MPI_BYTE, root, MPI_COMM_WORLD); if (my_id == root) { clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &(times.t3)); aesPrintTimes(times); } // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // NOTE: Chill out, all the magic is gone now. // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // store processed file if (my_id == root) { { FILE * out_f; out_f = fopen(out_fname, "wb"); if (out_f == NULL) printf("Can't open output file!\n"); if (direction == DIR_CIPHER) { fwrite(&(data.nonce_0), sizeof(uint32_t), 1, out_f); fwrite(&(data.nonce_1), sizeof(uint32_t), 1, out_f); } // write output buffer into file if (data.in_size != fwrite(input_buffer, sizeof(uint8_t), data.in_size, out_f)) { fclose(out_f); perror("Can't store output file!"); } fclose(out_f); } free(input_buffer); unloadHashPlugin(&lib_hash); } free(data.in_data); ierr = MPI_Finalize(); return 0; }
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/* atexit function */ #include <stdlib.h> /* external declarations */ extern void (*_Atfuns[])(void); extern size_t _Atcount; int (atexit)(void (*func)(void)) { /* function to call at exit */ if (_Atcount == 0) return (-1); /* list is full */ _Atfuns[--_Atcount] = func; return (0); }
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#include <types.h> #include <kern/errno.h> #include <kern/fcntl.h> #include <kern/limits.h> #include <kern/stat.h> #include <kern/seek.h> #include <lib.h> #include <uio.h> #include <thread.h> #include <current.h> #include <synch.h> #include <vfs.h> #include <vnode.h> #include <file.h> #include <syscall.h> #include <copyinout.h> #include <limits.h> #include <kern/unistd.h> #include <kern/fcntl.h> #include<kern/seek.h> //create an of_table at boot int of_table_init(void){ //char c0[] = "con:"; char c1[] = "con:"; char c2[] = "con:"; int result = 0; int retval; // step 1: Create the current threads t_file_table using create_file_table curthread->t_file_table = create_file_table(); if (curthread->t_file_table == NULL){ return EFAULT; } /* // open fd 0 struct single_file *sf0 = create_single_file(c0, O_RDONLY, 0); if (sf0 == NULL){ return ENOMEM; } result = put_file_in_filetable(sf0, &retval); if (result){ return result; } result = vfs_open(c0, O_RDONLY, 0, &sf0->vn); if (result){ return result; } */ // open fd 1 struct single_file *sf1 = create_single_file(c1, O_WRONLY, 0); if (sf1 == NULL){ return ENOMEM; } result = put_file_in_filetable(sf1, &retval); if (result){ return result; } /* result = vfs_open(c1, O_WRONLY, 0, &sf1->vn); if (result){ return result; } */ // open fd 2 struct single_file *sf2 = create_single_file(c2, O_WRONLY, 0); if (sf2 == NULL){ return ENOMEM; } result = put_file_in_filetable(sf2, &retval); if (result){ return result; } /* result = vfs_open(c2, O_WRONLY, 0, &sf2->vn); if (result){ return result; } */ return 0; } struct single_file * create_single_file (char* dest, int flags, mode_t mode){ /* struct single_file { struct vnode * vn; //vnode corresponding to each file off_t file_pointer_offset; //offset to the starting point int permissions; struct lock *f_lock; //file lock in case two process access to the same file leading to race condition }; */ //kprintf("create_single_file func is triggered\n"); int result; struct vnode *node; //step 4: pass the dest/flags/new_node to the vfs_open function //kprintf("before vfs_open\n"); //kprintf ("The inputs are dest %s, flags %d\n", dest, flags); result = vfs_open(dest, flags, mode, &node); if (result){//if result is not 0 (unsuccessful, it's error code) return NULL; } //if result is 0 (successful), now we have obtained vnode info stored in new_node //kprintf("Step 4 finished\n"); struct single_file * f = kmalloc(sizeof(struct single_file)); if (f == NULL){ //return ENOMEM; return NULL; } //kprintf("file memory allocation finished\n"); f -> vn = node; f -> file_pointer_offset = 0; //new file, start from beginning f -> permissions = flags & O_ACCMODE; KASSERT((f -> permissions == O_RDONLY) || (f -> permissions == O_WRONLY) || (f -> permissions == O_RDWR)); f -> f_lock = lock_create("lock created"); if (f -> f_lock == NULL){ return NULL; } return f; } /* int delete_single_file(struct single_file *sf){ kfree(sf); return 0; } */ struct file_table * create_file_table (void){ struct file_table * new_ft = kmalloc(sizeof(struct file_table)); if (new_ft == NULL){ //return ENOMEM; //malloc error return NULL; } for (int j = 0; j < __OPEN_MAX; j++){ new_ft -> multi_opens[j] = NULL;//initialization of a file_table } return new_ft; } int put_file_in_filetable(struct single_file * sf, int * retval){//if successfully, store fd in ret //step 1: check if both pointers are valid lock_acquire(sf -> f_lock);// one process should get access to ft at one time //kprintf("put_file_in_filetable has acquired the lock\n"); if (sf == NULL){ lock_release(sf -> f_lock); //kprintf("put_file_in_filetable has released the lock\n"); return ENOMEM;//should be memory allocation error while creating them } //step 2: now put the single_file into the file_table for (int fd = 1; fd < __OPEN_MAX; fd++){ if (curthread->t_file_table-> multi_opens[fd] == NULL){//find the lowest available fd number curthread->t_file_table-> multi_opens[fd] = sf; //also store the single file pointer into the multi_opens, notice that we use fd as index to indicate files //kprintf("inserting file %d in file table\n", fd); *retval = fd;//this is the fd we put in retval //kprintf("the returned value is %d\n", *retval); lock_release(sf -> f_lock); //kprintf("put_file_in_filetable has released the lock\n"); return 0;//successful, return 0 } // if we iterate through the entire file table and the last file in the // table is taken, then the process's file table is full and return EMFILE if ((fd == __OPEN_MAX - 1) && curthread->t_file_table-> multi_opens[fd] != NULL){ return EMFILE; } } lock_release(sf->f_lock); //kprintf("put_file_in_filetable has released the lock\n"); return 0; } // function to check if the file table is full or not. Used for returning EMFILE int ft_isfull(void){ for (int fd = 1; fd < __OPEN_MAX; fd++){ if (curthread->t_file_table-> multi_opens[fd] == NULL){ return 0; } } return EMFILE; } int check_valid_fd(int file_d){ //step 1: check if the user provided fd is a valid number if ((file_d < 0) || (file_d >= __OPEN_MAX)){//smaller than 0 or bigger than max_open is invalid return EBADF; } // step 2: is the file in the of_table? struct file_table * cur_ft; cur_ft = curthread -> t_file_table; if (!cur_ft){ //file is not opened return ENOENT;//no such file error } //step 3: since file is opened, is the fd correct? if (cur_ft -> multi_opens[file_d] == NULL){ //invalid fd number return EBADF; } return 0; } // ------------------------------------------major functions----------------------------------------------- // sys_open int sys_open (userptr_t filename, int flags, mode_t mode, int * retval){ //step 1: check if file name is safe input //kprintf("sys_open is called\n"); char dest[__NAME_MAX]; //size_t actual; int result; // "If O_CREATE and O_EXCL are set, open shall fail if the file exists" if (flags & ( O_EXCL & O_CREAT)){ return EEXIST; } // return an error if filename is an invalid pointer if (!(char *)filename){ return EFAULT; } result = copyinstr(filename, dest, sizeof(dest), NULL); if (result){ return result; //invalid filename is handled here } //kprintf("the current file is %s\n", dest); //kprintf("step 1 finished\n"); //step 3: create a single new file struct single_file * sf = create_single_file(dest, flags, mode); if (sf == NULL){ return ENOMEM;//should be memory allocation error if single_file is not created successfully } //kprintf("step 3 finished\n"); //step 5: place the single file in filetable struct file_table * cur_ft = curthread -> t_file_table;//get current file table if (cur_ft == NULL){ return -1;//error handling if we cannot find t_file_table in the current thread } //kprintf("step 5 finished\n"); // step 6: return from sys_open the resulting fd number to the caller. If this fails, then return an error in step 7 result = put_file_in_filetable(sf, retval);//sf refer back to step 4, fd is also updated //kprintf("in sys_open the returned value is %d\n", *retval); if (result){ return result; } // step 7: if the single file is not placed in the filetable, return -1 return 0; } int sys_close(int file_d){ //step 1: check if the file_d is valid int result = check_valid_fd(file_d); if (result){ return result; } //step 2: get the current file table struct file_table * cur_ft = curthread -> t_file_table; //step 3: get current file and current vnode struct single_file * cur_file = cur_ft -> multi_opens[file_d]; struct vnode * node = cur_file -> vn; //step 4: delete single file and erase its record in the file table //delete the single file /* result = delete_single_file(cur_file);//free the memory if (result){ return result; } */ //step 6: check how many times the file is opened. If 1, clean the vnode, otherwise, just decrement the open count lock_acquire(cur_file -> f_lock); //kprintf("sys_close has acquired the lock\n"); int open_counts = cur_file -> vn -> vn_refcount; if (open_counts > 1){ // opened more than once node -> vn_refcount --; } else if (open_counts == 1){ //kprintf("the file is opened once\n"); vfs_close(node);//this will decref the vnode's refcount by 1 //kprintf("The current open %d is \n", cur_file -> vn -> vn_refcount); } else { lock_release(cur_file -> f_lock); //kprintf("sys_close has released the lock\n"); lock_destroy(cur_file -> f_lock); return -1; } cur_ft -> multi_opens[file_d] = NULL;//erase the single file from the multi_opens array in file_table cur_file ->file_pointer_offset = 0;//clean the offset cur_file ->vn = NULL; lock_release(cur_file -> f_lock); lock_destroy(cur_file -> f_lock); cur_file = NULL; //kprintf("sys_close has released the lock\n"); return 0; } //sys_read int sys_read(int file_d, userptr_t buf, size_t buflen, int * retval){//store the size in retval //step 1: check if the file_d is valid int result = check_valid_fd(file_d); if (result){ return result; } // if buf is invalid, return an EFAULT if (!buf){ return EFAULT; } //step 2: get the current file table struct file_table * cur_ft = curthread -> t_file_table; //step 3: read from vnode in vfs //step 3.0 get the file and check permission struct single_file * f2_read = cur_ft -> multi_opens[file_d]; lock_acquire(f2_read -> f_lock); //kprintf("sys_read has acquired the lock\n"); if (((f2_read -> permissions) & O_ACCMODE) == O_WRONLY){ lock_release(f2_read -> f_lock); //kprintf("sys_read has released the lock\n"); return EBADF; //permission denied } //step 3.1: get the vnode from cur_ft (also get the single_file) struct vnode * node = f2_read -> vn; //get the current vnode //step 3.2: create a uio data struct and initialize it calling the uio_uinit func struct uio u; struct iovec iov; off_t cur_offset = f2_read -> file_pointer_offset;//get the current offset uio_kinit(&iov, &u, buf, buflen, cur_offset, UIO_READ);//knitilize a uio, this is read from kernel to user //step 3.3 use vfs op to reach data result = VOP_READ(node, &u); if (result){ lock_release(f2_read -> f_lock); //kprintf("sys_read has released the lock\n"); return result; } // the return value is the original buff size minus the residual size *retval = buflen - u.uio_resid; f2_read -> file_pointer_offset += *retval; //update current file pointer lock_release(f2_read -> f_lock); //kprintf("sys_read has released the lock\n"); return 0; } //sys_write int sys_write(int fd, userptr_t buf, size_t nbytes, int *retval){ //kprintf("sys_write is called\n"); // write requires a vnode to operate on, which requires an uio struct for operation metadata struct iovec iov; struct uio u; int result; // step 1: Search the current filetable to see if the input file descriptor is valid // if buf is invalid, return an EFAULT if (!buf){ return EFAULT; } // check if the current fd exists, return an error if it doesnt result = check_valid_fd(fd); if (result){ return result; } // if the current fd is opened as read only, return EBADF if (curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->permissions == O_RDONLY){ return EBADF; } // step 3: Acquire a lock on the file so that no two processes can write at the same time. This requires synchronisation // as there may be many processes that open a file, each updating the file pointer at any given time. lock_acquire(curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->f_lock); //kprintf("sys_write has acquired the lock\n"); // if valid, get the current files file pointer offset off_t file_offset = curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->file_pointer_offset; // step 4: construct a uio for write uio_uinit(&iov, &u, buf, nbytes, file_offset, UIO_WRITE); // step 5: Check if the right write permission is valid on the file if (curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->permissions == O_RDONLY){ // As per Man Pages, EBADF is returned if the file is not opened for writing lock_release(curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->f_lock); //kprintf("sys_write has released the lock\n"); return EBADF; } result = VOP_WRITE(curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->vn, &u); if (result){ lock_release(curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->f_lock); //kprintf("sys_write has released the lock\n"); return result; } // step 6: update the file pointer offset. The uio struct keeps track of how much is written. curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->file_pointer_offset = u.uio_offset; //lock_release(curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->offset_lock); test test test lock_release(curthread->t_file_table->multi_opens[fd]->f_lock); // step 7: Record the amount of bytes written and save it in the return value. The amount written is the buffer length // nbytes minus the residual amount that was not written in the uio struct //kprintf("sys_write has release the lock\n"); //kprintf("sys_write is done\n"); *retval = nbytes - u.uio_resid; return 0; } int dup2(int oldfd, int newfd, int *retval){ //kprintf("dup2 is triggered\n"); int result; // "Using dup2 to clone a file handle onto itself has no effect" (Man Pages) if (oldfd == newfd){ return 0; } // check if the file table is full result = ft_isfull(); if (result){ return result; } //step 2: check if the old and new fds are valid (if they're already in the file_table) result = check_valid_fd(oldfd); if (result){ return result; } //step 3: check if the newfd is out of range or if some other file is already in the place of newfd's intended position // we don't want it override other file's record struct file_table * cur_ft = curthread -> t_file_table; if ((newfd < 0) || (newfd >= __OPEN_MAX)){ return EBADF; } //step 4: now we can safely copy the handler struct single_file * cur_file = cur_ft -> multi_opens[oldfd]; //step 4.1: firstly we need to manually increment the refcount in vnode lock_acquire(cur_file ->f_lock); cur_file -> vn -> vn_refcount ++; //step 4.2: then we put the file into the new position cur_ft -> multi_opens[newfd] = cur_file; lock_release(cur_file ->f_lock); *retval = newfd; return 0; } int sys_lseek(int fd, int pos, int whence, off_t * retval){ //step 1: check if fd is valid and get the vnode int result = check_valid_fd(fd); if (result){ return result; } //step 2: check if the file fd points to is seekable struct vnode * node = curthread ->t_file_table ->multi_opens[fd] ->vn; result = VOP_ISSEEKABLE(node); if (result == false){ return ESPIPE; } //step 3: check if whence is valid if ((whence != SEEK_CUR) && (whence != SEEK_END) && (whence != SEEK_SET)){ return EINVAL; } //step 4 get current file struct single_file * cur_file = curthread -> t_file_table ->multi_opens[fd]; lock_acquire(cur_file ->f_lock); //step 5 check whence if (whence == SEEK_SET){ *retval = pos; } else if (whence == SEEK_CUR){ *retval = pos + cur_file->file_pointer_offset; } else {//SEEK_END off_t file_size; struct stat * target_file_stat = NULL; result = VOP_STAT(node, target_file_stat); if (result){ lock_release(cur_file->f_lock); return result; } file_size = target_file_stat->st_size; *retval = pos + file_size; } cur_file ->file_pointer_offset = *retval; lock_release(cur_file->f_lock); return 0; } void sys_exit(void){ panic("Syscall 3 (sys_exit) called\n"); }
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#ifndef __QUEUE_ARRAY_H__ #define __QUEUE_ARRAY_H__ #include <stdio.h> // FIFO Queue using circular arrays typedef struct QueueArray { void** q; int first; int last; int cap; int dim; } QueueArray; // initialize the queue void init_queue_array (QueueArray*, int); // enqueue the queue void enqueue_array (QueueArray*, void*, size_t); // dequeue the queue void* dequeue_array (QueueArray*); // vierifies whether the queue is empty or not int empty_queue_array (QueueArray); #endif
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#include<stdio.h> int main() { int times=10; float high=100,lenght=0,temp=0; while(times) { lenght+=2*high; high/=2; times--; } lenght-=100; printf("10th's height is %f\n",high); printf("10th's lenght is %f\n",lenght); return 0; }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <pthread.h> #define N 10 #define NULL_PTHREAD 0 pthread_t tid[N];//Array of threads' id void* thread_do(void *arg){ pthread_t id=pthread_self(); int i; for(i=0;i<N;i++){//Try to find myself in array of threads' id if(pthread_equal(id,tid[i])){ printf("Hello, I'm thread %d\n",i); break; } } } int main(){ int i; for(i=0;i<N;i++){ pthread_create(&(tid[i]),NULL,&thread_do,NULL);//Creating new thread and saving its id into tid[i] printf("Thread %d is created\n",i); pthread_join(tid[i],NULL);//Wait until i-th thread finish execution. If we remove this line, threads' outputs will be shuffled. tid[i]=NULL_PTHREAD;//If we won't do this, then next thread will most possibly get id equal to id of previous thread, and all threads will recognize themselves as 0-th thread. } return 0; }
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/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/ #ifndef __STM32F4xx_HAL_GPIO_H #define __STM32F4xx_HAL_GPIO_H #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "stm32f4xx_hal_def.h" #include "stm32f4xx_hal_gpio_ex.h" /** * @brief GPIO Bit SET and Bit RESET enumeration */ typedef enum { GPIO_PIN_RESET = 0, GPIO_PIN_SET } GPIO_PinState; #define GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP ((uint32_t)0x00000001U) /*!< Output Push Pull Mode */ #define GPIO_MODE_AF_PP ((uint32_t)0x00000002U) /*!< Alternate Function Push Pull Mode */ #define GPIO_NOPULL ((uint32_t)0x00000000U) /*!< No Pull-up or Pull-down activation */ #define GPIO_PULLUP ((uint32_t)0x00000001U) /*!< Pull-up activation */ /** @defgroup GPIO_pins_define GPIO pins define * @{ */ #define GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW ((uint32_t)0x00000000U) /*!< IO works at 2 MHz, please refer to the product datasheet */ #define GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH ((uint32_t)0x00000002U) /*!< range 25 MHz to 100 MHz, please refer to the product datasheet */ #define GPIO_PIN_0 ((uint16_t)0x0001U) /* Pin 0 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_1 ((uint16_t)0x0002U) /* Pin 1 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_2 ((uint16_t)0x0004U) /* Pin 2 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_3 ((uint16_t)0x0008U) /* Pin 3 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_4 ((uint16_t)0x0010U) /* Pin 4 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_5 ((uint16_t)0x0020U) /* Pin 5 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_6 ((uint16_t)0x0040U) /* Pin 6 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_7 ((uint16_t)0x0080U) /* Pin 7 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_8 ((uint16_t)0x0100U) /* Pin 8 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_9 ((uint16_t)0x0200U) /* Pin 9 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_10 ((uint16_t)0x0400U) /* Pin 10 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_11 ((uint16_t)0x0800U) /* Pin 11 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_12 ((uint16_t)0x1000U) /* Pin 12 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_13 ((uint16_t)0x2000U) /* Pin 13 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_14 ((uint16_t)0x4000U) /* Pin 14 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_15 ((uint16_t)0x8000U) /* Pin 15 selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_All ((uint16_t)0xFFFFU) /* All pins selected */ #define GPIO_PIN_MASK ((uint32_t)0x0000FFFFU) /* PIN mask for assert test */ /** * @} */ /** * @brief GPIO Init structure definition */ typedef struct { uint32_t Pin; /*!< Specifies the GPIO pins to be configured. This parameter can be any value of @ref GPIO_pins_define */ uint32_t Mode; /*!< Specifies the operating mode for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_mode_define */ uint32_t Pull; /*!< Specifies the Pull-up or Pull-Down activation for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_pull_define */ uint32_t Speed; /*!< Specifies the speed for the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_speed_define */ uint32_t Alternate; /*!< Peripheral to be connected to the selected pins. This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_Alternate_function_selection */ }GPIO_InitTypeDef; void HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin); void HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef *GPIO_Init); GPIO_PinState HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin); void HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin, GPIO_PinState PinState); #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif /* __STM32F4xx_HAL_GPIO_H */
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// // Node.c // SimpleDatabase // // Created by 顾超 on 2020/05/09. // Copyright © 2020 Chao Gu. All rights reserved. // #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include "Node.h" #include "Row.h" #include "Table.h" #include "Cursor.h" #include "Pager.h" typedef enum NodeType { NODE_INTERNAL, NODE_LEAF } NodeType; /* * Common Node Header Layout */ const uint32_t NODE_TYPE_SIZE = sizeof(uint8_t); const uint32_t NODE_TYPE_OFFSET = 0; const uint32_t IS_ROOT_SIZE = sizeof(uint8_t); const uint32_t IS_ROOT_OFFSET = NODE_TYPE_SIZE; const uint32_t PARENT_POINTER_SIZE = sizeof(uint32_t); const uint32_t PARENT_POINTER_OFFSET = IS_ROOT_OFFSET + IS_ROOT_SIZE; const uint8_t COMMON_NODE_HEADER_SIZE = NODE_TYPE_SIZE + IS_ROOT_SIZE + PARENT_POINTER_SIZE; /* * Leaf Node Header Layout */ const uint32_t LEAF_NODE_NUM_CELLS_SIZE = sizeof(uint32_t); const uint32_t LEAF_NODE_NUM_CELLS_OFFSET = COMMON_NODE_HEADER_SIZE; const uint32_t LEAF_NODE_HEADER_SIZE = COMMON_NODE_HEADER_SIZE + LEAF_NODE_NUM_CELLS_SIZE; /* * Leaf Node Body Layout */ const uint32_t LEAF_NODE_KEY_SIZE = sizeof(uint32_t); const uint32_t LEAF_NODE_KEY_OFFSET = 0; uint32_t LEAF_NODE_VALUE_SIZE() { return ROW_SIZE; } const uint32_t LEAF_NODE_VALUE_OFFSET = LEAF_NODE_KEY_OFFSET + LEAF_NODE_KEY_SIZE; uint32_t LEAF_NODE_CELL_SIZE() { return LEAF_NODE_KEY_SIZE + LEAF_NODE_VALUE_SIZE(); } uint32_t LEAF_NODE_SPACE_FOR_CELLS() { return PAGE_SIZE - LEAF_NODE_HEADER_SIZE; } uint32_t LEAF_NODE_MAX_CELLS() { return LEAF_NODE_SPACE_FOR_CELLS() / LEAF_NODE_CELL_SIZE(); } uint32_t* leaf_node_num_cells(void* node) { return node + LEAF_NODE_NUM_CELLS_OFFSET; } void* leaf_node_cell(void* node, uint32_t cell_num) { return node + LEAF_NODE_HEADER_SIZE + cell_num * LEAF_NODE_CELL_SIZE(); } uint32_t* leaf_node_key(void* node, uint32_t cell_num) { return leaf_node_cell(node, cell_num); } void* leaf_node_value(void* node, uint32_t cell_num) { return leaf_node_cell(node, cell_num) + LEAF_NODE_KEY_SIZE; } void initialize_leaf_node(void* node) { *leaf_node_num_cells(node) = 0; } void leaf_node_insert(Cursor* cursor, uint32_t key, Row* value) { void* node = get_page(cursor->table->pager, cursor->page_num); uint32_t num_cells = *leaf_node_num_cells(node); if (num_cells >= LEAF_NODE_MAX_CELLS()) { // Node full printf("Need to implement splitting a leaf node.\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (cursor->cell_num < num_cells) { // Make room for new cell for (uint32_t i = num_cells; i > cursor->cell_num; i--) { memcpy(leaf_node_cell(node, i), leaf_node_cell(node, i - 1), LEAF_NODE_CELL_SIZE()); } } *(leaf_node_num_cells(node)) += 1; *(leaf_node_key(node, cursor->cell_num)) = key; serialize_row(value, leaf_node_value(node, cursor->cell_num)); } void print_constants() { printf("ROW_SIZE: %d\n", ROW_SIZE); printf("COMMON_NODE_HEADER_SIZE: %d\n", COMMON_NODE_HEADER_SIZE); printf("LEAF_NODE_HEADER_SIZE: %d\n", LEAF_NODE_HEADER_SIZE); printf("LEAF_NODE_CELL_SIZE: %d\n", LEAF_NODE_CELL_SIZE()); printf("LEAF_NODE_SPACE_FOR_CELLS: %d\n", LEAF_NODE_SPACE_FOR_CELLS()); printf("LEAF_NODE_MAX_CELLS: %d\n", LEAF_NODE_MAX_CELLS()); } void print_leaf_node(void* node) { uint32_t num_cells = *leaf_node_num_cells(node); printf("leaf (size %d)\n", num_cells); for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_cells; i++) { uint32_t key = *leaf_node_key(node, i); printf(" - %d : %d\n", i, key); } }
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/* ** rm_good_env.c for rm_good_env in /u/epitech_2012/jaspar_y/cu/rendu/c/minishell/v1 ** ** Made by yoann jaspar ** Login <[email protected]> ** ** Started on Thu Feb 28 15:56:29 2008 yoann jaspar ** Last update Tue Jun 3 17:55:49 2008 yoann jaspar */ #include "sh.h" char **rm_good_env(char **environ, int ref_env) { int i; i = 0; while (environ[ref_env][i++] != '=') ; environ[ref_env][i] = '\0'; i = 0; my_putstr("\e[1;34m"); while (environ[ref_env][i] != '=') my_putchar(environ[ref_env][i++]); my_putstr("\e[1;32m : Has been deleted\n\n\e[0m"); return (environ); }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> //方法一,只要求是整数 int mySqrt0(int x){ if (x < 2) { return x; } int i = 1; while (i*i <= x) { //超过int最大值溢出了为负的 if (i*i <= 0) { break; } i++; } return --i; } //方法二,公式 int mySqrt1(int x){ if (x < 2) { return x; } //sqrt(x) = e^(logx / 2) int left = (int)pow(exp(1), 0.5 * log(x)); int right = left + 1; return (long)right *right > x ? left : right; } //方法三,二分叉查找 int mySqrt2(int x){ if (x < 2) { return x; } long num = 0; int pivot = 0, left = 2, right = x/2; while (left <= right) { pivot = left + (right - left)/2; num = (long)pivot*pivot; if (num > x) { right = pivot - 1; } else if (num < x) { left = pivot + 1; } else { return pivot; } } return right; } //方法三,牛顿迭代法 int mySqrt(int x){ if (x < 2) { return x; } double x0 = x; double x1 = (x0 + x/x0) / 2.0; while (fabs(x0 - x1) >= 1) { printf("%.4lf %.4lf\n", x0, x1); x0 = x1; x1 = (x0 + x/x0)/2.0; printf("%.4lf\n", x1); } return (int)x1; } int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { printf("%d\n", mySqrt(2147483647)); return 0; }
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#include<stdio.h> int main() { int i; int key; int arr[5]={10,20,30,40,50}; //arr dec //return type array_name[size]; printf("Entered elements that you want to search : \n"); scanf("%d",&key); for(i=0;i<5;i++) { if(arr[i]==key) { printf("found.. \n"); break; } else { printf("not found..\n"); break; } } return 0; }
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/* * Account_Persist.c * * Created on: 2015年5月8日 * Author: Administrator */ #include "Account_Persist.h" #include "../Service/Account.h" #include "../Common/list.h" #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include<unistd.h> #include <assert.h> #include <string.h> static const char ACCOUNT_DATA_FILE[] = "Account.dat"; static const char ACCOUNT_DATA_TEMP_FILE[] = "AccountTmp.dat"; //判断账号文件是否存在,返回1存在,返回0不存在 int Account_Perst_CheckAccFile() { return 1; } //根据用户名载入账号,载入成功 return 1;否则 return 0 int Account_Perst_SelByName(char usrName[], account_t *buf) { return 1; } //新账号写入账号文件中,返回实际写入的数据块数目 int Account_Perst_Insert(const account_t *data) { return 1; } //在账号文件中查找与参数账号匹配的账号,找到 return 1;否则 return 0;并进行覆盖重写 int Account_Perst_Update(const account_t * data) { return 1; } //在账号文件中删除与参数id匹配的账号,删除成功 return 1;否则 return 0; int Account_Perst_DeleteByID(int id) { return 1; } //在账号文件中查找与参数id匹配的账号,并通过指针buf传出;匹配成功 return 1;否则 return 0; int Account_Perst_SelectByID(int id, account_t *buf) { return 1; } //遍历读ACCOUNT_DATA_FILE文件,动态构建用户账号list链表,list 为链表头指针,返回list长度 int Account_Perst_SelectAll(account_list_t list) { return 1; }
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#include <stdio.h> #include "format.h" #include "def.h" void strCopyN(char *s1,char *s2, int num); extern int formatFlag; extern int numEnd; extern int numBegin; extern int cntCharacter; void format(char *finalyLine, char *line) { switch(formatFlag) { case 0: strCopyN(finalyLine,line,numEnd-numBegin); break; case 1: formatLeft(finalyLine, line); break; case 2: formatRight(finalyLine, line); break; case 3: formatCenter(finalyLine, line); break; case 4: formatLeftAndRight(finalyLine, line); break; } } void formatLeft(char *finalyLine, char *line) { while(*line && *line == ' ') line++; strCopyN(finalyLine,line,numEnd-numBegin); } void formatRight(char *finalyLine, char *line) { while(*(line+cntCharacter-1)==' ') cntCharacter--; if(numEnd - numBegin<cntCharacter) cntCharacter = numEnd - numBegin + 1; sprintf(finalyLine,"%*s",numEnd - numBegin - cntCharacter + 1,""); strCopyN(finalyLine + numEnd - numBegin - cntCharacter + 1,line,cntCharacter); } void formatCenter(char *finalyLine, char *line) { int cntInterval; int offset; int numSpaces; int numPlaces; int space_a_place; int extraSpace; int tmp; char *pStartCharInterval[WIDTH/2+1]; char *l; char *nowInterval; l = line; for(cntInterval = 1; cntInterval<WIDTH/2; cntInterval++) pStartCharInterval[cntInterval] = l; cntInterval = 0; pStartCharInterval[cntInterval] = 0; offset = 0; for(;*l;l++) { if(*l==' ') pStartCharInterval[cntInterval] = 0; else { if(!pStartCharInterval[cntInterval]) pStartCharInterval[cntInterval++] = finalyLine + offset; *(finalyLine + offset++) = *l; if(offset>numEnd-numBegin-cntInterval) break; } } numSpaces = numEnd - numBegin - offset; numPlaces = cntInterval - 1; if(numPlaces <= 0) { *(finalyLine + offset) = '\0'; return; } space_a_place = numSpaces / numPlaces; extraSpace = numSpaces % numPlaces; l = finalyLine+numEnd -numBegin-1; pStartCharInterval[cntInterval--] = finalyLine+offset; offset = 0; while(cntInterval>=0) { offset++; nowInterval = pStartCharInterval[cntInterval+1]-1; while(nowInterval!=pStartCharInterval[cntInterval]) *l-- = *nowInterval--; *l-- = *nowInterval--; tmp = space_a_place; while((tmp-->0) && (numSpaces-->0)) *l-- = ' '; if(extraSpace-->0) { numSpaces--; *l-- = ' '; } cntInterval--; } } void formatLeftAndRight(char *finalyLine, char *line) { int offset; if(numEnd - numBegin>cntCharacter) offset = (numEnd - numBegin - cntCharacter + 1)/2; else offset = 0; sprintf(finalyLine,"%*s",offset,""); strCopyN(finalyLine + offset,line,cntCharacter); sprintf(finalyLine + offset+cntCharacter,"%*s",offset,""); }
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#include "pool.h" #include "detector.h" void load_parameters(struct pool_info *pool,char *config) { int name,value; char buf[SIZE_BUFFER]; char *ptr; memset(buf,0,sizeof(char)*SIZE_BUFFER); strcpy(pool->filename_config,config); pool->file_config=fopen(pool->filename_config,"r"); while(fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),pool->file_config)) { if(buf[0]=='#'||buf[0]==' ') continue; ptr=strchr(buf,'='); if(!ptr) continue; name=ptr-buf; //the end of name string+1 value=name+1; //the start of value string while(buf[name-1]==' ') name--; buf[name]=0; if(strcmp(buf,"size of scm")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_scm); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of ssd")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_ssd); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of hdd")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_hdd); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of chunk")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_chunk); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of subchk")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_subchk); } else if(strcmp(buf,"window type")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->window_type); } else if(strcmp(buf,"window size")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->window_size); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold rw")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%lf",&pool->threshold_rw); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold cbr")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%lf",&pool->threshold_cbr); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold car")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%lf",&pool->threshold_car); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold seq")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->threshold_sequential); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold inactive")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->threshold_inactive); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold intensive")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->threshold_intensive); } else if(strcmp(buf,"threshold free gc")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->threshold_gc_free); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of stream")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_stream); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of stride")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_stride); } else if(strcmp(buf,"size of interval")==0) { sscanf(buf+value,"%d",&pool->size_interval); } memset(buf,0,sizeof(char)*SIZE_BUFFER); } fclose(pool->file_config); } void initialize(struct pool_info *pool,char *trace,char *output,char *log) { unsigned int i,j; pool->chunk_sum=((pool->size_scm+pool->size_ssd+pool->size_hdd)*1024-1)/pool->size_chunk+1; pool->chunk_sub=pool->size_chunk/pool->size_subchk; //size_chunk%size_subchk must equal to 0 in config.txt pool->chunk_max=0; pool->chunk_min=0; pool->chunk_all=0; pool->chunk_win=0; pool->chunk_scm=1024*pool->size_scm/pool->size_chunk; pool->chunk_ssd=1024*pool->size_ssd/pool->size_chunk; pool->chunk_hdd=1024*pool->size_hdd/pool->size_chunk; pool->free_chk_scm=pool->chunk_scm; pool->free_chk_ssd=pool->chunk_ssd; pool->free_chk_hdd=pool->chunk_hdd; pool->window_sum=0; pool->window_time_start=0; pool->window_time_end=0; pool->time_start=0; pool->time_end=0; pool->req_sum_all=0; pool->req_sum_read=0; pool->req_sum_write=0; pool->req_size_all=0; pool->req_size_read=0; pool->req_size_write=0; pool->seq_sum_all=0; pool->seq_sum_read=0; pool->seq_sum_write=0; pool->seq_size_all=0; pool->seq_size_read=0; pool->seq_size_write=0; pool->seq_stream_all=0; pool->seq_stream_read=0; pool->seq_stream_write=0; pool->migrate_scm_scm=0; //data migration pool->migrate_scm_ssd=0; pool->migrate_scm_hdd=0; pool->migrate_ssd_scm=0; pool->migrate_ssd_ssd=0; pool->migrate_ssd_hdd=0; pool->migrate_hdd_scm=0; pool->migrate_hdd_ssd=0; pool->migrate_hdd_hdd=0; pool->size_in_window=0; pool->req_in_window=0; pool->time_in_window=0; pool->i_non_access=0; pool->i_inactive=0; pool->i_seq_intensive=0; pool->i_seq_less_intensive=0; pool->i_random_intensive=0; pool->i_random_less_intensive=0; for(i=0;i<SIZE_ARRAY;i++) { pool->window_time[i]=0; pool->chunk_access[i]=0; pool->pattern_non_access[i]=0; pool->pattern_inactive[i]=0; pool->pattern_seq_intensive[i]=0; pool->pattern_seq_less_intensive[i]=0; pool->pattern_random_intensive[i]=0; pool->pattern_random_less_intensive[i]=0; } strcpy(pool->filename_trace,trace); strcpy(pool->filename_output,output); strcpy(pool->filename_log,log); pool->file_trace=fopen(pool->filename_trace,"r"); pool->file_output=fopen(pool->filename_output,"w"); pool->file_log=fopen(pool->filename_log,"w"); pool->chunk=(struct chunk_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct chunk_info)*pool->chunk_sum); alloc_assert(pool->chunk,"pool->chunk"); memset(pool->chunk,0,sizeof(struct chunk_info)*pool->chunk_sum); pool->req=(struct request_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct request_info)); alloc_assert(pool->req,"pool->req"); memset(pool->req,0,sizeof(struct request_info)); pool->stream=(struct stream_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct stream_info)*pool->size_stream); alloc_assert(pool->stream,"pool->stream"); memset(pool->stream,0,sizeof(struct stream_info)*pool->size_stream); pool->map=(struct map_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct map_info)*pool->chunk_sum); alloc_assert(pool->map,"pool->map"); memset(pool->map,0,sizeof(struct map_info)); pool->record_win=(struct record_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct record_info)*pool->chunk_sum); alloc_assert(pool->record_win,"pool->record_win"); memset(pool->record_win,0,sizeof(struct record_info)*pool->chunk_sum); pool->record_all=(struct record_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct record_info)*pool->chunk_sum); alloc_assert(pool->record_all,"pool->record_all"); memset(pool->record_all,0,sizeof(struct record_info)*pool->chunk_sum); printf("-------------Initializing...chunk_sum=%d------------\n",pool->chunk_sum); for(i=0;i<pool->chunk_sum;i++) { pool->map[i].lcn=i; pool->map[i].pcn=i; pool->record_win[i].accessed=0; pool->record_all[i].accessed=0; pool->chunk[i].status=FREE; pool->chunk[i].pattern=PATTERN_UNKNOWN; pool->chunk[i].pattern_last=PATTERN_UNKNOWN; pool->chunk[i].location=HDD; pool->chunk[i].location_next=HDD; pool->chunk[i].req_sum_all=0; pool->chunk[i].req_sum_read=0; pool->chunk[i].req_sum_write=0; pool->chunk[i].req_size_all=0; pool->chunk[i].req_size_read=0; pool->chunk[i].req_size_write=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_sum_all=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_sum_read=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_sum_write=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_size_all=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_size_read=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_size_write=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_stream_all=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_stream_read=0; pool->chunk[i].seq_stream_write=0; for(j=0;j<SIZE_ARRAY;j++) { pool->chunk[i].history_pattern[j]=' '; pool->chunk[i].history_migration[j]=0; } pool->chunk[i].subchk=(struct chunk_info *)malloc(sizeof(struct chunk_info)*pool->chunk_sub); alloc_assert(pool->chunk[i].subchk,"pool->chunk[i].subchk"); memset(pool->chunk[i].subchk,0,sizeof(struct chunk_info)*pool->chunk_sub); for(j=0;j<pool->chunk_sub;j++) { pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].status=FREE; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].pattern=PATTERN_UNKNOWN; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].pattern_last=PATTERN_UNKNOWN; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].location=pool->chunk[i].location; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].location_next=pool->chunk[i].location_next; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].req_sum_all=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].req_sum_read=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].req_sum_write=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].req_size_all=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].req_size_read=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].req_size_write=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_sum_all=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_sum_read=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_sum_write=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_size_all=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_size_read=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_size_write=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_stream_all=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_stream_read=0; pool->chunk[i].subchk[j].seq_stream_write=0; } } pool->req->time=0; pool->req->lba=0; pool->req->type=0; pool->req->size=0; for(i=0;i<pool->size_stream;i++) { pool->stream[i].chk_id=0; pool->stream[i].type=0; pool->stream[i].sum=0; pool->stream[i].size=0; pool->stream[i].min=0; pool->stream[i].max=0; pool->stream[i].time=0; } }
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#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> int nextFreeCell = 0; char *ram[1000] = { NULL }; void removeFromRam (int start, int end){ for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) { ram[i] = NULL; } } void addToRAM (FILE *p, int *start, int *end){ *start = nextFreeCell; int i = *start; char buffer[1000]; while (!feof(p) && i<1000){ fgets(buffer,999,p); ram[i]= strdup(buffer); i++; } if (i>=1000 && !feof(p)){ removeFromRam(0,i-1); nextFreeCell = 0; *start = -1; *end = -1; } else { nextFreeCell=i; *end=i-1; } } /* Reset free cell to 0 */ void resetRAM(){ nextFreeCell = 0; }
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#include <stdio.h> int main() { int ligne,colonne; for (ligne = 0; ligne < 16; ++ligne) { for (colonne = 0; colonne < 6; colonne++) { char c = 0x20+(0x10*colonne)+ligne; if (c < 127) printf("%c %d (%02x)\t", c,c,c); } putchar('\n'); } return (0); }
C
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/* Author: Andrew DiCarlo Assignment Number: Lab 2 File Name: lab2b.c Course/Section: CS 3843 Section 003 Due Date: 02 Mar 2020 Instructor: Dr. Ku Contains the modified code to complete the requirements of lab 2 */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define MAX 10 int readArray(int [], int); void printArray(int [], int); void reverseArray(int [], size_t); int main(void) { int array[MAX], numElements; numElements = readArray(array, MAX); reverseArray(array, numElements); printArray(array, numElements); return 0; } int readArray(int arr[], int limit) { int i, input; printf("Enter up to %d integers, terminating with a negative integer.\n", limit); i = 0; scanf("%d", &input); while (input >= 0) { arr[i] = input; i++; scanf("%d", &input); } return i; } void reverseArray(int arr[], size_t size) { int *end, *start; int temp; start = arr; end = &arr[size - 1]; while(start < end){ temp = *start; *start = *end; *end = temp; start++; end--; } } void printArray(int arr[], int size) { int i; for (i=0; i<size; i++) { printf("%d ", arr[i]); } printf("\n"); }
C
UTF-8
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/* * twi.c * * Created: 25/09/2013 6:05:40 PM * Author: Eden Barby */ /* INCLUDES *****************************************************************/ #include <avr/io.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> /* PRIVATE TYPEDEFS *********************************************************/ /* PRIVATE DEFINES **********************************************************/ /* Bit Rate Register = ((CPU Frequency) / (SCL Frequency) - 16) / (2 * Prescaler) * CPU Frequency = 8MHz * SCL Frequency = 100kHz * Prescaler = 1 */ #define BRR (uint8_t)(32) #define IMU_ADDR 0b1101001 /* MPU6050 I2C address. */ /* PRIVATE MACROS ***********************************************************/ #define STATUS() (TWSR & 0xF8) /* PRIVATE VARIABLES ********************************************************/ /* PRIVATE FUNCTION PROTOTYPES **********************************************/ static uint8_t twi_start(void); static uint8_t twi_start_r(void); static uint8_t twi_sla_w(uint8_t address); static uint8_t twi_sla_r(uint8_t address); static uint8_t twi_write(uint8_t data); static uint8_t twi_read_ack(uint8_t *data); static uint8_t twi_read_nack(uint8_t *data); static void twi_stop(void); static uint8_t handle_error(uint8_t status); /* Initialize two wire interface. * */ void init_twi(void) { /* Set the bit rate register. Prescaler of 1 is default. */ TWBR = BRR; } /* Read num bytes starting from regAddrStart. Each subsequent byte will be from the register above (newRegPtr = oldRegPtr + 1). * * Input: regAddrStart The register address to start reading bytes from * data Location to store read data * num The number of registers to be read * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ uint8_t twi_read_bytes(uint8_t regAddrStart, uint8_t *data, uint8_t num) { uint8_t i, error; /* Transmit start condition. */ if((error = twi_start())) return error; /* Transmit slave address and write bit. */ if((error = twi_sla_w(IMU_ADDR))) return error; /* Transmit to slave the register to be read. */ if((error = twi_write(regAddrStart))) return error; /* Transmit repeated start condition. */ if((error = twi_start_r())) return error; /* Transmit slave address and read bit. */ if((error = twi_sla_r(IMU_ADDR))) return error; /* Read data from slave. */ for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { if(i == num - 1) { /* Last byte, return NACK. */ if((error = twi_read_nack(&data[i]))) return error; } else { if((error = twi_read_ack(&data[i]))) return error; } } /* Transmit stop condition. */ twi_stop(); return 0; } /* Writes num bytes starting from regAddrStart. Each subsequent byte will be written to the register above (newRegPtr = oldRegPtr + 1). * * Input: regAddrStart The register address to start reading bytes from * data Pointer to data to be written * num The number of registers to be read * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ uint8_t twi_write_bytes(uint8_t regAddrStart, uint8_t *data, uint8_t num) { uint8_t i, error; /* Transmit start condition. */ if((error = twi_start())) return error; /* Transmit slave address and write bit. */ if((error = twi_sla_w(IMU_ADDR))) return error; /* Transmit to slave the register to write to. */ if((error = twi_write(regAddrStart))) return error; /* Write data to slave. */ for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { if((error = twi_write(data[i]))) return error; } /* Transmit stop condition. */ twi_stop(); return 0; } /* Writes num bytes starting from regAddrStart. Each subsequent byte will be written to the register above (newRegPtr = oldRegPtr + 1). Respects regMasks. * * 76543210 * 00010100 value[n] to write * 00011100 mask[n] byte * 01101101 original register[regAddrStart + n] * 01100001 original & ~mask * 01110101 masked | value * * Input: regAddrStart The register address to start reading bytes from * data Pointer to data to be written * regMasks Pointer to byte masks for each register * num The number of registers to be read * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ uint8_t twi_write_bits(uint8_t regAddrStart, uint8_t *data, uint8_t *regMasks, uint8_t num) { uint8_t i; uint8_t buffer[num]; twi_read_bytes(regAddrStart, buffer, num); for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { data[i] &= regMasks[i]; buffer[i] &= ~regMasks[i]; buffer[i] |= data[i]; } twi_write_bytes(regAddrStart, buffer, num); return 0; } /* Transmits start condition. * * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_start(void) { /* Transmit start condition. */ TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTA) | (1 << TWEN); /* Wait for transmission to complete. */ while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); /* If status register indicates an error, handle it and return the appropriate error code. */ if(STATUS() != 0x08) return handle_error(STATUS()); return 0; } /* Transmits repeated start condition. * * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_start_r(void) { /* Transmit repeated start condition. */ TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTA) | (1 << TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); if(STATUS() != 0x10) return handle_error(STATUS()); return 0; } /* Transmits slave address and write bit condition. * * Input: address Slave address * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_sla_w(uint8_t address) { /* Transmit slave address and write bit. */ TWDR = (address << 1); TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); if(STATUS() != 0x18) return handle_error(STATUS()); return 0; } /* Transmits slave address and read bit condition. * * Input: address Slave address * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_sla_r(uint8_t address) { /* Transmit slave address and read bit. */ TWDR = (address << 1) | 0x01; TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); if(STATUS() != 0x40) return handle_error(STATUS()); return 0; } /* Transmits data to slave. * * Input: data Data to be transfered * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_write(uint8_t data) { /* Write data to slave. */ TWDR = data; TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); if(STATUS() != 0x28) return handle_error(STATUS()); return 0; } /* Receives data from slave. Returns ACK to continue transfer. * * Input: data Location to store read data * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_read_ack(uint8_t *data) { TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN) | (1 << TWEA); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); if(STATUS() != 0x50) return handle_error(STATUS()); (*data) = TWDR; return 0; } /* Receives data from slave. Returns NACK to stop transfer. * * Input: data Location to store read data * Return: 0 Succeeded * >0 Failed, see handle_error() for relavant error codes */ static uint8_t twi_read_nack(uint8_t *data) { TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))); if(STATUS() != 0x58) return handle_error(STATUS()); (*data) = TWDR; return 0; } /* Transmits stop condition. * */ static void twi_stop(void) { TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTO) | (1 << TWEN); while(!(TWCR & (1 << TWSTO))); } /* Handles errors and returns relevant error code. * * Input: status TWI status register * Return: 1 Bus error due to an illegal START or STOP condition * Return: 2 SLA+W has been transmitted, NOT ACK has been received * Return: 3 Data byte has been transmitted, NOT ACK has been received * Return: 4 Control of TWI line lost * Return: 5 SLA+R has been transmitted, NOT ACK has been received * Return: 10 Unexpected status */ static uint8_t handle_error(uint8_t status) { switch(status) { case 0x00: TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTO) | (1 << TWEN); return 1; case 0x20: TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTO) | (1 << TWEN); return 2; case 0x30: TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTO) | (1 << TWEN); return 3; case 0x38: TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN); return 4; case 0x48: TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTO) | (1 << TWEN); return 5; default: TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWSTO) | (1 << TWEN); return 10; } }
C
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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio_ext.h> #define true 1 #define false 0 #define vazio -1 typedef struct estado { char Nest[20][5];/*contem os estados*/ int cont; /*conta os estados*/ }Estados; typedef struct NState {/*tem o objetivo de obter os movimentos de um estado (seja ele do afd ou afn) com as letras do alfabeto*/ char locale[20]; }Nstate; typedef struct TMarcas {/*tem o objetivo de simular uma fila quando encontramos um novo estado após fazer o fecho de um E[d(x,&)]*/ char resultado[20]; int marca; }TMarcas; void inicializa (Estados *N, int pos) { N[pos].cont=0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: RETIRAR AS VÍRGULAS DE UM MOVIMENTO DO N PARAMETRO: N: QUE É A MOVIMENTACAO DOS ESTADOS COM AS LETRAS DO ALFABETO pos: QUE É A POSICAO DO ESTADO QUE SE DESEJA RETIRAR VIRGULA *aux que são os movimentos ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void retiraVirgulaMove (char *aux, int pos, Estados *N) { int i,j; i=j=0; while( !(aux[i] == '\0') ) { if ( !(aux[i] == ',') && !(aux[i] == '\n')){ N[pos].Nest[N[pos].cont][j++] = aux[i]; } else { N[pos].Nest[N[pos].cont][j] = '\0'; N[pos].cont = N[pos].cont + 1; j=0; } i++; } /*N[pos].Nest[j-1] = '\0';/*como o fgets lê tbm o '\n' precisamos colocar o '\0' no seu lugar para finalizar a string*/ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: RETIRAR AS VIRGULAS DO ALFABETO POIS ENTRA COM OS DADOS SEPARADOS POR VÍRGULAS PARAMETRO: A STRING ----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void retiraVirgulaAlfa (char string[]) { int i,j; char aux[10]; i=j=0; strcpy(aux,string);/*COPIA A STRING PARA PODER RETIRAR AS VIRGULAS*/ while( !(aux[i] == '\0') ) /*PROCURA ATÉ ENCONTRAR O FINAL DA STRING*/ { if ( !(aux[i] == ',') ){ string[j++] = aux[i]; } i++; } string[j-1] = '&'; /*ADICIONA A PALAVRA VAZIA NO ALFABETO*/ string[j] = '\0';/*como o fgets lê tbm o '\n' precisamos colocar o '\0' no seu lugar para finalizar a string*/ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: RETIRAR AS VIRGULAS DOS ESTADO POIS ENTRA COM OS DADOS SEPARADOS POR VÍRGULAS PARAMETRO: A MATRIZ QUE VAI GUARDAR OS ESTADOS, est: POSSUI TODOS OS ESTADOS DIGITADOS PELO USUARIO *tam: VAI OBTER O TAMANHO DE CADA ESTADO (NUMEROS DE LETRAS) RETORNO: O TOTAL DE ESTADOS DO AFN ----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void retiraVirgulaState (Estados *matriz, char est[]) { int i,j,k; int aux=0; j=i=k=0; inicializa(matriz,0); while( !(est[k] == '\0') ) /*PROCURA ATÉ ENCONTRAR O FINAL DA STRING*/ { if ( !(est[k] == ',') && !(est[k] == '\n')){ matriz->Nest[aux][j] = est[k]; j++; } else { matriz->Nest[aux][j] = '\0'; /*ADICIONA O FINALIZADOR DE STRING TODA VEZ QUE ENCONTRAR VIRGULA*/ matriz->cont = matriz->cont + 1; i++; /*INCREMENTA PARA MUDAR A LINHA PARA OUTRA STRING DO ESTADO*/ j=0; /*COMEÇA DA POSICAO 0 POIS PULOU PARA A PROXIMA LINHA*/ aux = matriz->cont; } k++; } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: FAZER A LEITURA DO ESTADO INICIAL E FINAL PARAMETROS: A MATRIZ COM OS ESTADOS tot: QUE É O TOTAL DE ESTADOS *q0: QUE É O ESTADO INICIAL *qf: QUE É O ESTADO FINAL ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void estadoInicial (Estados *matriz, char *q0, Estados *qf) { int i; char aux[20]; /*auxilia quando obtemos o estado inicial para copiar ele para o primeiro estado*/ char oneEstate[4];/*obtem um estado para verificar se está em matriz*/ int cont = false; int j,k,l; int ver; /*VERIFICA QUANTAS VEZES ENTROU NO FOR, QUE REPRESENTA QUANTOS ESTADOS FINAIS POSSUI*/ int tam; /*obtem obtem o tamanho de qf*/ char estFinal[20]; int tamState; do{ printf("\nEstado inical = "); __fpurge(stdin); fgets(q0,4,stdin); q0[strlen(q0)-1] = '\0';/*COLOCA O FINALIZADOR POIS FGETS LÊ O '\n'*/ i=0; while(!(strcmp(matriz->Nest[i],q0)==0) && i < matriz->cont) { i++; } if(i < matriz->cont){/*se estado incial e valido eu o coloco na primeira posicao*/ cont = true; strcpy(aux,matriz->Nest[0]); strcpy(matriz->Nest[0],matriz->Nest[i]); strcpy(matriz->Nest[i],aux); } if(!cont) printf("Entre com estado válido\n"); }while(!cont); cont = false; ver = 0; do{ printf("\nEstado final = "); __fpurge(stdin); fgets(estFinal,20,stdin); tam = strlen(estFinal); estFinal[tam-1] = '\0'; j=0; l=0; printf("%s\n", estFinal); /*retiro todas as vírgulas e também o '\n' da string para outra string*/ while(estFinal[j] != '\0') { if(estFinal[j]!=',' && estFinal[j]!='\n') { aux[l++] = estFinal[j]; } j++; } aux[l] = '\0'; printf("%s\n",aux ); j=0; tamState = strlen(matriz->Nest[i]); /*obtenho 1 a 1 estado até encontrar o '\0' para verificar se esses estados pertencem aos estados do AFN*/ while(aux[j] != '\0') { l=0; for(k=j;k<j+tamState;k++) { oneEstate[l++] = aux[k]; } oneEstate[l] = '\0'; printf("o = %s\n",oneEstate); j = j+tamState; ver++; for(i=0;i<matriz->cont;i++) { if( !(strcmp(matriz->Nest[i],oneEstate)) ) { cont++; } } } printf("ver = %d cont = %d\n",ver,cont); if(cont != ver) printf("Entre com estado válido\n"); }while(cont != ver); inicializa(qf,0); retiraVirgulaMove(estFinal,0,qf); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: VERIFICAR SE OS DESTINOS DE UM CERTO ESTADO COM x LETRA DO ALFABETO ESTÃO NA MATRIZ DE ESTADOS PARÂMETROS: A MATRIZ DE ESTADOS dest: DESTINO DE UM ESTADO ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void verifica_destinos (Estados matriz, char *dest) { int i=0; char aux[4]; int j=0,k=0; if(dest[j] != '-')/*VERIFICA SE NAO EH ESTADO VAZIO*/ { while(dest[j] != '\0') { while(dest[j] != ',' && dest[j] != '\0' && dest[j] != '\n') aux[k++] = dest[j++];/*OBTEM UM ESTADO PURO, SOMENTE SUA STRING*/ j++; aux[k] = '\0'; k = 0; printf("%s\n",aux ); i=0; while(strcmp(matriz.Nest[i],aux) && matriz.cont ) /*VERIFICA 1 A 1 ESTADO SE CORRESPONDE COM OS DA MATRIZ*/ i++; if(!(i < matriz.cont)) /*CASO ELE PASSE DA POSICAO ACESSÍVEL O PROGRAMA PARA*/ exit(100); } } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: FAZER A LEITURA DOS MOVIMENTOS DOS ESTADOS COM AS LETRAS DO ALFABETO PARAMETROS: matriz: CONTENDO TODOS OS ESTADOS alfa: CONTENDO O ALFABETO DA MAQUINA N: QUE É O QUE VAI ADQUIRIR TODOS OS MOVIMENTOS DE UM ESTADO totState: TOTAL DE ESTADOS DA MATRIZ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void read_move (Estados matriz, char alfa[], Estados N[], int *totN) { int i,j,cont=0; char move[20]; printf("\n[obs: entre com os estados separados por vírgula]\n"); for(i=0;i<matriz.cont;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("Delta(%s,%c) = ",matriz.Nest[i] , alfa[j]); __fpurge(stdin); fgets(move,20,stdin); verifica_destinos(matriz,totState,move); inicializa(N,cont); retiraVirgulaMove(move,cont,N); cont++; } } *totN = cont; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: IMPRIMIR AS INFORMAÇÕES DO AFN ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void imprime (char *alfa, Estados state, char *q0, Estados qf, Estados *dest, int totDest) { int i,j,l,cont=0; printf("Informações do AFN: \n"); printf("--------------------------------------------\n"); printf("\nAlfabeto = %s\n",alfa); printf("--------------------------------------------\n"); printf("Estados = "); for(i=0;i<state.cont;i++) printf("%s ",state.Nest[i]); printf("\n--------------------------------------------\n"); printf("\nEstado inicial = %s\n", q0); printf("--------------------------------------------\n"); printf("Estado final = "); for(i=0; i < qf.cont; i++){ printf(" %s ", qf.Nest[i]); } printf("--------------------------------------------\n"); for(i=0;i<state.cont;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("\nDelta(%s,%c) = ",state.Nest[i] , alfa[j]); for(l=0; l < dest[cont].cont; l++) printf(" %s ",dest[cont].Nest[l]); cont++; } printf("--------------------------------------------\n"); } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: OBTER A POSICAO DE UM ESTADO PARAMETRO: est: ESTADO QUE DESEJA OBTER A POSICAO state: MATRIZ COM TODOS OS ESTADOS tot: TOTAL DE ESTADOS DE state RETORNO: A POSICAO DO ESTADO ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int obtemPosEstado (char *est, char state[][4], int tot) { int i=0; printf("--> est = %s\n",est); while(i<tot) { if( strcmp(est,state[i])==0 ) return i; i++; } return i; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: OBTER A MOVIMENTACAO DE UM ESTADO COM A PRIMEIRA LETRA DO ALFABETO PARAMETRO: *estado: ESTADO QUE VAMOS OBTER A MOVIMENTACAO dest: EH O DESTINO DE CADA ESTADO COM UMA LETRA DO ALFABETO tam1Estado: EH O TAMANHO DE UM ESTADO (QUANTAS LETRAS TEM) *estFinal: EH O ESTADO FINAL COM O MOVIMENTO, POIS O A STRING *estado PODE ESTAR COM UM CONJUNTO DE ESTADO E VAMOS RECEBER TAMBḾE OUTRO CONJUNTO DE ESTADOS EM *estFinal state: EH A MATRIZ COM TODOS OS ESTADOS totState: EH O TOTAL DE ESTADOS DE state ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void move1alfa (char *estado, Nstate dest[], int tam1Estado, char *estFinal, char state[][4], int totState) { int i=0,j,k; char est[4]; int pos; if(estado[i] != '-')/*representação de vazio*/ { while(estado[i] != '\0') { k=0; for(j=i;j<i+tam1Estado;j++){/*COMO JA SABEMOS O TAMANHO DE 1 ÚNICO ESTADO FAZEMOS A ATRIBUIÇÃO EM est DIRETO*/ est[k++] = estado[i]; } est[k] = '\0'; /*COMO SEMPRE K E INCREMENTADO, COLOCAMOS EM SUA ÚLTIMA POSICAO O FINALIZADOR*/ i = i+tam1Estado; /*COMO JÁ SEI O TAMANHO DA UM ESTADO E VAI ESTAR SEM VIRGULAS NA STRING *estado PODEMOS AVANÇAR SEMPRE COM INCREMENTANDO i COM tam1Estado ATÉ ENCONTRA '\0'*/ pos = obtemPosEstado(est,state,totState); /*como o dest ele tem as movimentacoes de um estado com todas letras do alfabeto e de padrao temos sempre 3 letras, exemplo 0,1 e &, por tanto para cada posicao de um estado temos 3 movientacoes em dest, uma para 0, outra para 1 e por ultimo o de &, por isso faço essa equacao pos*3*/ printf("move = %s\n",estFinal); if(strcmp(dest[(pos*3)].locale,"-")){ strcat(estFinal,dest[(pos*3)].locale); printf("move = %s\n",estFinal); } } } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: OBTER A MOVIMENTACAO DE UM ESTADO COM A SEGUNDA LETRA DO ALFABETO PARAMETRO: *estado: ESTADO QUE VAMOS OBTER A MOVIMENTACAO dest: EH O DESTINO DE CADA ESTADO COM UMA LETRA DO ALFABETO tam1Estado: EH O TAMANHO DE UM ESTADO (QUANTAS LETRAS TEM) *estFinal: EH O ESTADO FINAL COM O MOVIMENTO, POIS O A STRING *estado PODE ESTAR COM UM CONJUNTO DE ESTADO E VAMOS RECEBER TAMBḾE OUTRO CONJUNTO DE ESTADOS EM *estFinal state: EH A MATRIZ COM TODOS OS ESTADOS totState: EH O TOTAL DE ESTADOS DE state ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void move2alfa (char *estado, Nstate dest[], int tam1Estado, char *estFinal, char state[][4], int totState) { int i=0,j,k; char est[4]; int pos; int l,m,n; int q,r,s; int cont=0; char est1Dest[4],est1EstFin[4]; char final[20]={'\0'}; if(estado[i] != '-')/*representação de vazio*/ { while(estado[i] != '\0') { k=0; for(j=i;j<i+tam1Estado;j++) { est[k++] = estado[i]; } est[k++] = '\0'; i = i+tam1Estado; pos = obtemPosEstado(est,state,totState); /*como o dest ele tem as movimentacoes de um estado com todos alfabeto e de padrao temos sempre 3 letras, exemplo 0,1 e &, por tanto para cada posicao de um estado temos 3 movientacoes em dest, uma para 0, outra para 1 e por ultimo o de &, por isso faço essa conta*/ printf("move2 = %s\n",estFinal); if(strcmp(dest[(pos*3)+1].locale,"-")) { l=0; if(strlen(estFinal)!=0) { while(dest[(pos*3)+1].locale[l] != '\0') { /*separa um estado da string para poder verificar se já esta em estFinal*/ n=0; for(m=l;m<l+tam1Estado;m++) { est1Dest[n++] = dest[(pos+1)*3-1].locale[m] ; } est1Dest[n] = '\0'; l = l + tam1Estado; q=0; while(estFinal[q] != '\0') { r=0; for(s=q;s<q+tam1Estado;s++) { est1EstFin[r++] = estFinal[m] ; } est1EstFin[r] = '\0'; q = q + tam1Estado; if(strcmp(est1EstFin,est1Dest) == 0)/*caso o estado já esteja dentro de estFinal nao vou adicionar*/ cont = 1; } if(cont == 0) strcat(final,est1Dest); cont = 0; } } else strcat(estFinal,dest[(pos*3) + 1].locale); } } strcat(estFinal,final); printf("->move2 = %s\n",estFinal); } } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: OBTER O FECHO DE UM ESTADO E JOGAR NA PILHA PARAMETROS: estado: eh o estado que vamos verificar o fecho state: eh a a matriz com todos os estados pilha: eh onde guardo todos os estados finais apos o fecho dest: eh a movimentacao de um estado com o alfabeto fimpilha: eh o final da pilha tam1estado: eh o tamanho de 1 unico estado, (q0 é de tamanho 2) totState: eh o total de estados em state ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void fecho (char *estado, char state[][4], TMarcas *Fila, Estados *N, int *fimFila, int tam1Estado, int totState, Nstate *AFD, int *totAFD) { char est[5]; /*obtem um unico estado para ver o fecho dele só*/ char estFinal[20]={'\0'}; /*obtem o estado final após o fecho */ int i=0,j=0,k,z; int ver = false; int pos; /*obtem a posicao que um do(s) estado(s) do char *estado esta para poder acessar em dest por essa posicao, pois as movimentações estao em posicoes iguais para cada variavel*/ int l,m,n; int q,r,s; int cont=0; char est1Dest[4],est1EstFin[4]; char final[20]={'\0'}; if(estado[i] != '-') {/*representação de vazio*/ while(estado[i] != '\0') { k=0; for(j=i;j<i+tam1Estado;j++)/*como os estados ja estao sem virgulas eu faco a copia direto pois ja sei o tamanho(quantas letras tem) de cada estado, até encontrar um '\0'*/ { est[k++] = estado[i]; } est[k] = '\0'; printf("EST = %s %i %i\n",estado,tam1Estado,i); i = i+tam1Estado; pos = obtemPosEstado(est,state,totState); /*como o dest ele tem as movimentacoes de um estado com todos alfabeto e de padrao temos sempre 3 letras, exemplo 0,1 e &, por tanto para cada posicao de um estado temos 3 movientacoes em dest, uma para 0, outra para 1 e por ultimo o de &, por isso faço essa conta*/ printf("pos = %d ",pos); /*if(pos == 0){ strcat(estFinal,dest[pos+2].locale); printf(" %s\n",dest[pos+2].locale); } else{ strcat(estFinal,dest[(pos*3) - 1].locale); printf(" %s\n",dest[(pos*3)-1].locale); }*/ l=0; if(strlen(estFinal)!=0) { while(N[(pos+1)*3-1].cont < l) { /*separa um estado da string para poder verificar se já esta em estFinal*/ strcpy(est1Dest,N[(pos+1)*3-1].Nest[l]) l++; q=0; while(estFinal[q] != '\0') { r=0; for(s=q;s<q+tam1Estado;s++) { est1EstFin[r++] = estFinal[m] ; } est1EstFin[r] = '\0'; q = q + tam1Estado; if(strcmp(est1EstFin,est1Dest) == 0)/*caso o estado já esteja dentro de estFinal nao vou adicionar*/ cont = 1; } if(cont == 0) strcat(final,est1Dest); cont = 0; } } else strcpy(estFinal,N[(pos+1)*3-1].Nest[l]); } strcat(estFinal,final); if(strcmp(estFinal,"-")){/*se for igual ele da falso e vai para o else*/ for (z = 0; z < *fimFila; z++)/*verifico se o fecho do estado já esta na pilha*/ { printf(" %s -",Fila[z].resultado); if ( strcmp(Fila[z].resultado,estFinal)==0 ) { ver = true; } } } else { ver = true; } printf("verficacao = %i estFinal = %s\n", ver,estFinal); if(!ver){ printf("Acrescentou!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! %s\n",estFinal); strcpy(Fila[*fimFila].resultado,estFinal); /*jogo para a fila um estado que nao tem ainda*/ Fila[*fimFila].marca = false; *fimFila = *fimFila + 1; /*aumento a fila */ } strcpy(AFD[*totAFD++].locale,estFinal);/*faco a copia do fecho para o AFD, pois trabalho com respectivas posicoes, as mesmas para os estados e também para a movimentacao com a primeira e segunda letra de alfa*/ } } /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OBJETIVO: FAZER A TRANSICAO DE ESTADO DE CADA ESTADO COM UMA LETRA DO ALFABETO E FAZ TAMBÉM A TRANSFORMAÇÃO DO AFN EM AFD DIRETO PARAMETRO: state: eh a a matriz com todos os estados dest: eh a movimentacao de um estado com o alfabeto tam1estado: eh o tamanho de 1 unico estado, (q0 é de tamanho 2) totState: eh o total de estados em state AFD: vai ser as novas transicoes com a transformacao NewState: sao os novos estados do AFD totAFD: quantidade de transicoes do AFD (acho dispensavel) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int delta (char state[][4], Nstate dest[], int tam1Estado, int totState, Nstate AFD[], char NewState[][10], int *totAFD, Estados *N) { int iniFila=0 /*trabalho com fila para ver as marcacoes*/; int fimFila=0; /*final da fila para poder retirar um estado*/ Estados Fila[20]; /*o registro trabalho com fila para enfileirar os estados novos*/ Estados estado; /*obtem um estado da fila para fazer o fecho do delta do estado*/ Estados moveAlfa1; /*obtem o movimento de um estado com a primeira letra do alfabeto*/ Estados moveAlfa2; /*obtem o movimento de um estado com a segunda letra do alfabeto*/ int aux; /*um simples auxiliar para fazer a primeira chamada do fecho*/ Nstate aux1[2]; /*o mesmo acima*/ int i,j; estado.cont = 0; moveAlfa1.cont = 0; moveAlfa2.cont = 0; fecho(state[0], state, Fila, N, &fimFila, tam1Estado, totState,aux1,&aux); printf("%i\n",fimFila ); while(iniFila != fimFila) { j=0; while(Fila[iniFila].cont>j) { printf("fimfila = %d\n", fimFila); printf("Entrou\n"); strcpy(estado,Fila[iniFila].Nest[j]);/*faco a copia de um estado da fila e ando com ela*/ Fila[iniFila].marca = true;/*faz a marcacao*/ printf("inifila = %d\n",iniFila); move1alfa(estado,dest,tam1Estado,moveAlfa1,state,totState,j); j++; } fecho(moveAlfa1,state, Fila, dest, &fimFila, tam1Estado, totState, AFD, totAFD); moveAlfa1[0]='\0'; move2alfa(estado,dest,tam1Estado,moveAlfa2,state,totState); fecho(moveAlfa2,state, Fila, dest, &fimFila, tam1Estado, totState, AFD, totAFD); moveAlfa2[0]='\0'; iniFila = iniFila + 1;/*retira da fila*/ } for(i=0;i<fimFila;i++) { strcpy(NewState[i],Fila[i].resultado); } return fimFila; } void AfnAfd () { char alfa[10]; /*é o alfabeto*/ Estados state; /*vai conter os estados do AFN*/ state.cont=0; char totstate[100]; /*faz a primeira leitura dos estados para depois jogar em state*/ Estados destino[20]; /*é um registro que vai conter a informação de quantas estados uma letra do alfabeto pode influenciar em um único estado por exemplo no delta(q0,&) = {q1,q2,q3}*/ int totDestino=0; char q0[4]; /*estado inicial*/ Estados qf; /*estado final*/ Nstate AFD[20]; /*eh o AFD pronto, com os movimentos divididos 2 a 2, conforme a posicao de cada NewState*/ Estados NewState[20]; /*sao os novos estados apos a transformacao em AFD*/ int tamAFD=0; /*obtem o tamanho de estados do AFD(penso dispensavel)*/ int tamNewState; /*Obtem o novo total de estados*/ int i; Estados est[20]; /*obtem todas as movimentacoes dos estados*/ printf("Digite o alfabeto separado por vírgula\n"); __fpurge(stdin); fgets(alfa,10,stdin); retiraVirgulaAlfa(alfa); printf("Digite os estados separados por vírgula\n"); __fpurge(stdin); fgets(totstate,100,stdin); retiraVirgulaState(&state,totstate); estadoInicial(&state,q0,&qf); read_move(state,alfa,est,&totDestino); imprime(alfa,state,q0,qf,destino,totDestino); tamNewState = delta(state, destino, tam, contState, AFD, NewState, &tamAFD); printf("------------------------------------------------------------\n"); printf("%d\n",tamNewState ); printf("\n\tNOVOS ESTADOS DO AFD\n"); for ( i = 0; i < tamNewState; i++) { printf("%s\n",NewState[i]); } } int main() { int opc; do { printf("1 - Converta AFN-AFD\n"); scanf("%d",&opc); if (opc==1) { AfnAfd(); } } while(opc == 1); /*__fpurge(stdin); fgets(a,10,stdin); printf("%s\n",a); a[strlen(a) - 1] = '\0'; if(strcmp(a,state[0])==0) printf("ok\n");*/ return 0; }
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#include <stdlib.h> int main(void) { char *buf = malloc(20); int i = 0; buf[-1] = '0'; for (i = 0; i <=20; i++) { buf[i] = '0'; } }
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/******************************************************************************/ /* generate.c - create a new generation of individuals */ /******************************************************************************/ #include "external.h" generation () { int mate1, mate2, jcross, j = 0; /* perform any preselection actions necessary before generation */ preselect (); /* select, crossover, and mutation */ do { /* pick a pair of mates */ mate1 = select (); mate2 = select (); /* Crossover and mutation */ jcross = crossover (oldpop[mate1].chrom, oldpop[mate2].chrom, newpop[j].chrom, newpop[j + 1].chrom); mutation (newpop[j].chrom); mutation (newpop[j + 1].chrom); /* Decode string, evaluate fitness, & record */ /* parentage date on both children */ objfunc (&(newpop[j])); newpop[j].parent[0] = mate1 + 1; newpop[j].xsite = jcross; newpop[j].parent[1] = mate2 + 1; objfunc (&(newpop[j + 1])); newpop[j + 1].parent[0] = mate1 + 1; newpop[j + 1].xsite = jcross; newpop[j + 1].parent[1] = mate2 + 1; /* Increment population index */ j = j + 2; } while (j < (popsize - 1)); }
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#include "speed_meter.h" #include "util.h" /** * Initialize speed meter. * @param[in] speed */ void spdm_init(struct speed_meter *speed) { atomic_init(&speed->i, 0); atomic_init(&speed->speed_aux, 0); atomic_init(&speed->last_update, 0); for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAYSIZE(speed->backlog); i++) { atomic_init(&speed->backlog[i].speed, 0); atomic_init(&speed->backlog[i].timestamp, 0); } } /** * Destroy speed meter. * @param[in] speed */ void spdm_destroy(struct speed_meter *speed) { (void) speed; } /** * Update speed meter. * @param[in] speed * @param[in] count */ void spdm_update(struct speed_meter *speed, uint64_t count) { uint64_t curr_time = zclock(false); uint64_t last_update = atomic_load_explicit(&speed->last_update, memory_order_acquire); if (curr_time - last_update >= SEC2USEC(1)) { if (atomic_compare_exchange_strong_explicit(&speed->last_update, &last_update, curr_time, memory_order_release, memory_order_relaxed)) { size_t i = atomic_load_explicit(&speed->i, memory_order_acquire); uint64_t speed_aux = atomic_load_explicit(&speed->speed_aux, memory_order_acquire); atomic_store_explicit(&speed->backlog[i].speed, speed_aux, memory_order_release); atomic_fetch_sub_explicit(&speed->speed_aux, speed_aux, memory_order_release); atomic_store_explicit(&speed->backlog[i].timestamp, last_update, memory_order_release); i++; if (SPEED_METER_BACKLOG == i) { i = 0; } atomic_store_explicit(&speed->i, i, memory_order_release); } } atomic_fetch_add_explicit(&speed->speed_aux, count, memory_order_release); } /** * Calculate speed. * @param[in] speed * @return Calculated speed. */ uint64_t spdm_calc(const struct speed_meter *speed) { uint64_t aux = 0; uint64_t curr_time = zclock(false); for (size_t i = 0; i < SPEED_METER_BACKLOG; i++) { uint64_t diff = USEC2SEC(curr_time - atomic_load_explicit(&speed->backlog[i].timestamp, memory_order_acquire)); if (diff <= SPEED_METER_BACKLOG) { aux += atomic_load_explicit(&speed->backlog[i].speed, memory_order_acquire); } } return aux / SPEED_METER_BACKLOG; }
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/* * Copyright (C) by Argonne National Laboratory * See COPYRIGHT in top-level directory */ #include <stdio.h> #include <mpi.h> #include "mpitest.h" /* This test checks request-based get with MPI_Testall. Both the return value of * MPI_Testall and status.MPI_ERROR should be correctly set. * * Thanks for Joseph Schuchart reporting this bug in MPICH and contributing * the prototype of this test program. */ int main(int argc, char **argv) { int rank, size; MPI_Win win = MPI_WIN_NULL; int *baseptr = NULL; int errs = 0, mpi_errno = MPI_SUCCESS; int val1 = 0, val2 = 0, flag = 0; MPI_Request reqs[2]; MPI_Status stats[2]; MTest_Init(&argc, &argv); MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size); MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank); MPI_Comm_set_errhandler(MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_ERRORS_RETURN); MPI_Win_allocate(2 * sizeof(int), sizeof(int), MPI_INFO_NULL, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &baseptr, &win); /* Initialize window buffer */ MPI_Win_lock(MPI_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE, rank, 0, win); baseptr[0] = 1; baseptr[1] = 2; MPI_Win_unlock(rank, win); /* Synchronize the processes before starting the second access epoch */ MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD); /* Issue request-based get with testall. */ MPI_Win_lock_all(0, win); MPI_Rget(&val1, 1, MPI_INT, 0, 0, 1, MPI_INT, win, &reqs[0]); MPI_Rget(&val2, 1, MPI_INT, 0, 1, 1, MPI_INT, win, &reqs[1]); do { mpi_errno = MPI_Testall(2, reqs, &flag, stats); } while (flag == 0); /* Check get value. */ if (val1 != 1 || val2 != 2) { printf("%d - Got val1 = %d, val2 = %d, expected 1, 2\n", rank, val1, val2); fflush(stdout); errs++; } /* Check return error code. */ if (mpi_errno != MPI_SUCCESS) { printf("%d - Got return errno %d, expected MPI_SUCCESS(%d)\n", rank, mpi_errno, MPI_SUCCESS); fflush(stdout); errs++; } MPI_Win_unlock_all(win); MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD); MPI_Win_free(&win); MTest_Finalize(errs); return MTestReturnValue(errs); }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include "mpi.h" /* int MPI_Send(const void *buf, int count, MPI_Datatype datatype, int dest, */ /* int tag, MPI_Comm comm); */ /* int MPI_Recv(void *buf, int count, MPI_Datatype datatype, */ /* int source, int tag, MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Status *status) */ void my_int_sum_reduce(int *sendbuf, int *recvbuf, int count, int root, MPI_Comm comm) { int size, rank; MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size); MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank); if (rank == root) { memcpy(recvbuf, sendbuf, count * sizeof(int)); int temp[count]; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { if (i == root) continue; MPI_Recv(temp, count, MPI_INT, i, 0, comm, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE); for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) { recvbuf[j] += temp[j]; } } } else { MPI_Send(sendbuf, count, MPI_INT, root, 0, comm); } } int main(int argc, char*argv[]) { MPI_Init(&argc, &argv); int size, rank; MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size); MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank); int sendbuffer[4]; int recvbuffer[4]; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { sendbuffer[i] = 100 + (10 * rank) + i; } /* int MPI_Reduce(const void *sendbuf, void *recvbuf, int count, */ /* MPI_Datatype datatype, MPI_Op op, int root, */ /* MPI_Comm comm) */ my_int_sum_reduce(sendbuffer, recvbuffer, 4, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD); if (rank == 0) { for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { printf("%d ", recvbuffer[i]); } printf("\n"); } MPI_Finalize(); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }
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#include<stdio.h> struct polynode { int coef; int exp; struct polynode *next; }; typedef struct polynode *polyptr; polyptr createPoly() { polyptr p, tmp, start = NULL; int ch=1; while(ch) { p = (polyptr)malloc(sizeof(struct polynode)); printf("Enter the coefficient: "); scanf("%d",&p->coef); printf("Enter the exponent: "); scanf("%d",&p->exp); p->next = NULL; if(start==NULL) start=p; else { tmp=start; while(tmp->next!=NULL) tmp=tmp->next; tmp->next=p; } printf("More nodes to be added (1/0): "); scanf("%d",&ch); } return start; } void display(polyptr *poly) { polyptr list; list=*poly; while(list!=NULL) { if(list->next!=NULL) printf("%d X^ %d + " ,list->coef,list->exp); else printf("%d X^ %d " ,list->coef,list->exp); list=list->next; } } polyptr addTwoPolynomial(polyptr *F,polyptr *S) { polyptr A,B,p,result,C=NULL; A=*F;B=*S; result=C; while(A!=NULL && B!=NULL) { switch(compare(A->exp,B->exp)) { case 1: p=(polyptr)malloc(sizeof(struct polynode)); p->coef=A->coef; p->exp=A->exp; p->next=NULL; A=A->next; if (result==NULL) result=p; else attachTerm(p->coef,p->exp,&result); break; case 0: p=(polyptr)malloc(sizeof(struct polynode)); p->coef=A->coef+B->coef; p->exp=A->exp; p->next=NULL; A=A->next; B=B->next; if (result==NULL) result=p; else attachTerm(p->coef,p->exp,&result); break; case -1: p=(polyptr)malloc(sizeof(struct polynode)); p->coef=B->coef; p->exp=B->exp; p->next=NULL; B=B->next; if (result==NULL) result=p; else attachTerm(p->coef,p->exp,&result); break; } } while(A!=NULL) { attachTerm(A->coef,A->exp,&result); A=A->next; } while(B!=NULL) { attachTerm(B->coef,B->exp,&result); B=B->next; } return result; } int compare(int x, int y) { if(x==y) return 0; if(x<y) return -1; if(x>y) return 1; } attachTerm(int c,int e,polyptr *p) { polyptr ptr,tmp; ptr=*p; tmp=(polyptr)malloc(sizeof(struct polynode)); while(ptr->next!=NULL) { ptr=ptr->next; } ptr->next=tmp; tmp->coef=c; tmp->exp=e; tmp->next=NULL; } main() { polyptr Apoly,Bpoly; clrscr(); printf("Enter the first polynomial : \n"); Apoly=createPoly(); display(&Apoly); printf("\n"); Bpoly=createPoly(); display(&Bpoly); printf("\nResult is : "); C=addTwoPolynomial(&Apoly,&Bpoly); display(&C); getch(); }
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[ "Zlib" ]
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#include "hashMap.h" #include <assert.h> #include <time.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <ctype.h> /** * Allocates a string for the next word in the file and returns it. This string * is null terminated. Returns NULL after reaching the end of the file. * @param file * @return Allocated string or NULL. */ char* nextWord(FILE* file) { int maxLength = 16; int length = 0; char* word = malloc(sizeof(char) * maxLength); while (1) { char c = fgetc(file); if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || c == '\'') { if (length + 1 >= maxLength) { maxLength *= 2; word = realloc(word, maxLength); } word[length] = c; length++; } else if (length > 0 || c == EOF) { break; } } if (length == 0) { free(word); return NULL; } word[length] = '\0'; return word; } /** * Loads the contents of the file into the hash map. * @param file * @param map */ void loadDictionary(FILE* file, HashMap* map) { // FIXME: implement char* word = nextWord(file); while(word != NULL) { hashMapPut(map, word, 1); free(word); word = nextWord(file); } } /** * Calculates the Levenshtein Distance Between two strings. * @param string 1 to compare * @param string 2 to compare */ int calcLeven(char* string1, char* string2) { int sum = 0; char* toUse; char* other; if(strlen(string1) <= strlen(string2)) { toUse = string1; other = string2; } else { toUse = string2; other = string1; } for(int i = 0; i < strlen(toUse); i++) { if(toUse[i] != other[i]) { sum++; } } sum += (strlen(other) - strlen(toUse)); return sum; } /** * Changes all of the value pairs to be the Levenshtein Distance between the input. * @param Hashmap to change * @param String to use in calculation */ void changeWeight(HashMap* map, char* comparedString) { for(int i = 0; i < map->capacity; i++) { HashLink* lnk = map->table[i]; if (lnk != NULL) { while (lnk != NULL) { lnk->value = calcLeven(lnk->key, comparedString); lnk = lnk->next; } } } } /** * Returns an array of length 5 that has words with the lowest Levenshtein Distance * @param Map to search */ char** recomend(HashMap* map) { char** arr; int size = 0; int compareLen = 1; while(size < 5) { for(int i = 0; i < map->capacity; i++) { HashLink* lnk = map->table[i]; if (lnk != NULL) { while (lnk != NULL) { if(lnk->value == compareLen) { if(size >= 5) { break; } arr[size] = lnk->key; size++; } lnk = lnk->next; } } } compareLen++; } return arr; } /** * Prints the concordance of the given file and performance information. Uses * the file input1.txt by default or a file name specified as a command line * argument. * @param argc * @param argv * @return */ int main(int argc, const char** argv) { // FIXME: implement HashMap* map = hashMapNew(1000); FILE* file = fopen("dictionary.txt", "r"); clock_t timer = clock(); loadDictionary(file, map); timer = clock() - timer; printf("Dictionary loaded in %f seconds\n", (float)timer / (float)CLOCKS_PER_SEC); fclose(file); char inputBuffer[256]; int quit = 0; while (!quit) { printf("Enter a word or \"quit\" to quit: "); scanf("%s", inputBuffer); // Implement the spell checker code here.. for(int i = 0; inputBuffer[i] != '\0'; i++) { inputBuffer[i] = tolower(inputBuffer[i]); } if(hashMapContainsKey(map, inputBuffer)) { printf("The inputted word, %s, was spelled correctly.\n", inputBuffer); } else { char** poss; changeWeight(map, inputBuffer); poss = recomend(map); printf("The inputted word was spelled incorrectly. Did you mean:"); for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { printf(" %s", poss[i]); } printf("?\n"); } // file = fopen("dictionary.txt", "r"); // loadDictionary(file, map); // fclose(file); if (strcmp(inputBuffer, "quit") == 0) { quit = 1; } } hashMapDelete(map); return 0; }
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UTF-8
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/** Utilizando uma estrutura de pilha, Implemente uma calculadora pós-fixada, contendo as operações básicas (+, -, *, /) **/ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define MAX 10 #define BASE 0 int TOPO=0, OPERACAO=0; float VETOR[MAX], VALOR=0, N1=0, N2=0, RESULTADO=0; void EMPILHAR(float VALOR) { VETOR[TOPO] = VALOR; TOPO++; } float DESEMPILHAR() { TOPO--; RESULTADO = VETOR[TOPO]; return RESULTADO; } void CALCULA() { int RESULT = 0; if (OPERACAO == 1) { printf("\nAdicao\n"); N1 = DESEMPILHAR(); N2 = DESEMPILHAR(); RESULTADO = N1 + N2; printf("\n%f + %f = %f\n",N1,N2,RESULTADO); EMPILHAR(RESULTADO); RESULT = 1; } if (OPERACAO == 2) { printf("\nSubtracao\n"); N1 = DESEMPILHAR(); N2 = DESEMPILHAR(); RESULTADO = N1 - N2; printf("\n%f - %f = %f\n",N1,N2,RESULTADO); EMPILHAR(RESULTADO); RESULT = 1; } if (OPERACAO == 3) { printf("\nMultiplicacao\n"); N1 = DESEMPILHAR(); N2 = DESEMPILHAR(); RESULTADO = N1 * N2; printf("\n%f * %f = %f\n",N1,N2,RESULTADO); EMPILHAR(RESULTADO); RESULT = 1; } if (OPERACAO == 4) { printf("\nDivisao\n"); N1 = DESEMPILHAR(); N2 = DESEMPILHAR(); RESULTADO = N2 / N1; printf("\n%f / %f = %f\n",N2,N1,RESULTADO); EMPILHAR(RESULTADO); RESULT = 1; } if (RESULT==0) { printf("\nOpcao nao valida!!! \n1 -> Adicao\n2 -> Subtracao\n3 -> Multiplicacao\n4 -> Divisao\nInforme a operacao novamente: "); scanf("%d",&OPERACAO); CALCULA(); } } void MOSTRARESULTADO() { printf("Resultado da operacao e' %f\n",VETOR[BASE]); } int main() { int aux =1; printf("\n Calculadora basica (+, -, *, /) \n"); while (aux != 0) { printf("\nDigite o valor1: "); scanf("%f",&N1); EMPILHAR(N1); printf("\nDigite o valor2: "); scanf("%f",&N2); EMPILHAR(N2); printf("\n1 -> Adicao\n2 -> Subtracao\n3 -> Multiplicacao\n4 -> Divisao"); printf("\nDigite a operacao: "); scanf("%d",&OPERACAO); CALCULA(); MOSTRARESULTADO(); printf("\nDigite 0 para sair ou 1 para realizar outra operacao: "); scanf("%d",&aux); TOPO = BASE; } return 0; }
C
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #define BUFFERSIZE 100 void setint(int* ip, int i) { *ip = i; } void write_message(char *message) { char buffer[BUFFERSIZE]; memset(buffer, '\0', BUFFERSIZE); strcpy(buffer, message); printf("%s\n", buffer); } int main() { char message[] = "Look, this seems like an innocent message!"; int a; int c; int *b = &c; a++; setint(&a, 10); printf("%d\n", a); setint(b, 20); printf("%d\n", *b); write_message(message); return 0; }
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/* * TaskRS485.c * * Created on: 10/09/2015 * Author: patrizio */ #include <FreeRTOS.h> #include <queue.h> #include <task.h> #include <rs485.h> #include <TaskRS485Slave.h> // Estado do processo. static unsigned char processState; static xQueueHandle commandQueue; static xQueueHandle responseQueue; enum { WAITING_RX_MESSAGE, PARSING_RESPONSE, PARSING_MESSAGE, PUBLISHING_MESSAGE, SENDING_MESSAGE }; static void prvRS485SlaveTask(void *arg); static unsigned char isValidMessageHeader(unsigned char c); static unsigned char isValidMessageEnd(unsigned char c); void xStartRS485SlaveTask(void) { processState = WAITING_RX_MESSAGE; commandQueue = xQueueCreate(1, 3); responseQueue = xQueueCreate(1, 3); if (commandQueue != NULL && responseQueue != NULL) { xTaskCreate(prvRS485SlaveTask, (signed portCHAR *) "R485", configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE, NULL, 3, NULL); } } xQueueHandle getRs485CommandQueue(void) { return commandQueue; } xQueueHandle getRs485ResponseQueue(void) { return responseQueue; } static void prvRS485SlaveTask(void *arg) { unsigned char rxChar; unsigned char rxMessage[3]; unsigned char* msg; unsigned char response[3]; unsigned char rxIndex = 0; for (;;) { switch (processState) { case WAITING_RX_MESSAGE: rs485SetRead(); vTaskDelay(RS485_TRANSITION_DELAY_MS); rxChar = readRS485(); if (rxChar && isValidMessageHeader(rxChar)) { rxIndex = 0; rxMessage[rxIndex] = rxChar; rxIndex++; processState = PARSING_MESSAGE; } else { flushRs485RxBuffer(); } break; case PARSING_MESSAGE: rxChar = readRS485(); if (rxChar != '\0') { rxMessage[rxIndex] = rxChar; if (isValidMessageEnd(rxMessage[rxIndex])) { flushRs485RxBuffer(); processState = PUBLISHING_MESSAGE; } else { rxIndex++; } } break; case PUBLISHING_MESSAGE: msg = rxMessage; while (xQueueSend(commandQueue, msg, portMAX_DELAY) != pdPASS); processState = PARSING_RESPONSE; break; case PARSING_RESPONSE: while (xQueueReceive(responseQueue, response, portMAX_DELAY) != pdPASS); processState = SENDING_MESSAGE; break; case SENDING_MESSAGE: rs485SetWrite(); vTaskDelay(RS485_TRANSITION_DELAY_MS); writeRS485(response); while (!rs485TransmitComplete()); vTaskDelay(RS485_CHECK_TRANSMIT_OK_DELAY); processState = WAITING_RX_MESSAGE; break; } } } static unsigned char isValidMessageHeader(unsigned char c) { if (c == '|') { return 1; } return 0; } static unsigned char isValidMessageEnd(unsigned char c) { if (c == '\n') { return 1; } return 0; }
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#include "utils.h" int go = 1; void Server(char* userFile, char* logFile){ printf("server pid: %d\n", getpid()); int sock, newSocket; struct sockaddr_in my_addr; bzero(&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; my_addr.sin_port = htons(5001); my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(my_addr)) < 0) { perror("bind"); exit(-1); } listen(sock, 10); while(go){ newSocket = accept(sock, NULL, 0); char message[256]; bzero(message, sizeof(message)); read(newSocket, message, 256); fprintf(stderr, "Server received:%s\n", message); //lancia un worker detached //termina su SIGTERM o SIGINT (go = 0) } close(sock); exit(0); } void* Dispatcher(void* data) { //while (go) //prod-cons buffer circolare //controlla se gli utenti sono online (hash table in mutex) //nel caso invia il messaggio tramite socket } void* Worker(void* data) { //while (go) //registra nel log-file in mutex //exec reg o ls | prod-cons con dispatcher (buffer circolare) } int main(int argc, char** argv) { pid_t p; p = fork(); if(p==0) Server(userFile, logFile); else if(p < 0) printf("fork fallita"); exit(0); }
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/** \file client-run.c * \brief Основные функции. * * В этом файле описана главная функция программы. */ #include <client-worker-commands.h> #include <time.h> #include "client-run.h" #include "client-logger.h" #include "client-worker.h" #include "smtp_sockets.h" #include "hashtable.h" int scan_dir_for_new_mail(struct smtp_client_context *ctx, struct hashtable *directory_dict); int spawn_worker_process(struct smtp_client_context* main_ctx, struct smtp_client_worker_context* worker_ctx); int spawn_logger_process(struct smtp_client_context* main_ctx); int dispatch_task_to_worker(struct smtp_client_context* ctx, struct hashtable_node_list *list); int initialize_client_fd_set(struct smtp_client_context* ctx); int initialize_directories(struct smtp_client_context* ctx); static bool main_process_running; int spawn_worker_process(struct smtp_client_context* main_ctx, struct smtp_client_worker_context* worker_ctx) { int sockets[2]; if (create_local_socket_pair(sockets) != 0) { log_print(main_ctx->name, "Failed to spawn worker process - socket pair creation failed"); return -1; } worker_ctx->process_dir = main_ctx->process_dir; worker_ctx->sent_dir = main_ctx->sent_dir; worker_ctx->master_socket = sockets[0]; worker_ctx->worker_socket = sockets[1]; worker_ctx->logger_socket = main_ctx->logger_socket; worker_ctx->mail_send_timeout = main_ctx->mail_send_timeout; worker_ctx->mail_retry_wait_time = main_ctx->mail_retry_wait_time; worker_ctx->is_running = true; pid_t pid = fork(); worker_ctx->pid = pid; if (pid == 0) { worker_process_run(worker_ctx); logger_socket = sockets[0]; } return 0; } int spawn_logger_process(struct smtp_client_context* main_ctx) { int sockets[2]; if (create_local_socket_pair(sockets) != 0) { perror("Failed to spawn logger process - socket pair creation failed"); return -1; } main_ctx->logger_socket = sockets[0]; pid_t pid = fork(); if (pid == 0) { log_process_run(sockets[1], main_ctx->log_file_name); } else { main_ctx->logger_pid = pid; logger_socket = sockets[0]; } return 0; } int initialize_client_fd_set(struct smtp_client_context* ctx) { fd_set write_sd; FD_ZERO(&write_sd); for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ctx->number_of_workers; i++) { int socket = ctx->worker_ctx[i].master_socket; socket_set_nonblocking(socket, true); FD_SET(socket, &write_sd); } memcpy(&ctx->worker_task_fds, &write_sd, sizeof(write_sd)); } int initialize_directories(struct smtp_client_context *ctx) { log_print(ctx->name, "Checking if directory '%s' exists", ctx->root_dir); if (!check_if_directory_exists(ctx->root_dir)) { if(!create_path(ctx->root_dir, 0666)) { log_print(ctx->name, "Unable to create directory %s", ctx->root_dir); } } if (!check_if_directory_exists(ctx->process_dir)) { log_print(ctx->name, "Creating '%s' directory", ctx->root_dir); if(!create_path(ctx->process_dir, 0666)) { log_print(ctx->name, "Unable to create directory '%s'", ctx->process_dir); } } log_print(ctx->name, "Checking if directory '%s' exists", ctx->process_dir); if (!check_if_directory_exists(ctx->sent_dir)) { log_print(ctx->name, "Creating '%s' directory", ctx->process_dir); if(!create_path(ctx->sent_dir, 0666)) { log_print(ctx->name, "Unable to create directory '%s'", ctx->sent_dir); } } for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ctx->number_of_workers; i++) { char buffer[20]; struct smtp_client_worker_context *worker_ctx = ctx->worker_ctx + i; log_print(ctx->name, "Creating directory for pid: %d", worker_ctx->pid); snprintf(buffer, 20, "%d", worker_ctx->pid); create_subdirectory(ctx->process_dir, buffer, 0666); } } int main_loop(struct smtp_client_context* ctx) { log_print(ctx->name, "Starting to look for new mail to send in maildir"); struct hashtable *directory_dict = outgoing_mail_dictionary_create(); initialize_client_fd_set(ctx); initialize_directories(ctx); while (main_process_running) { scan_dir_for_new_mail(ctx, directory_dict); sleep(30); } log_print(ctx->name, "Finished main loop"); return 0; } int scan_dir_for_new_mail(struct smtp_client_context *ctx, struct hashtable *directory_dict) { log_print(ctx->name, "Start scanning for new mail"); outgoing_mail_dictionary_add_files_from_directory(directory_dict, ctx->outmail_dir); for (int i = 0; i < directory_dict->current_size; i++) { if (directory_dict->data[i].list_length == 0) { continue; } log_print(ctx->name, "Found mail for %s domain", directory_dict->data[i].list->key); dispatch_task_to_worker(ctx, directory_dict->data); } log_print(ctx->name, "Scan finished, going to sleep"); } char *generate_filename(struct smtp_client_context* ctx, const char *domain) { char *result = NULL; char current_time_string[32]; time_t current_time = time(NULL); strftime(current_time_string, 32, "%Y%m%d%H%M%S", localtime(&current_time)); int len = snprintf(result, 0, "%s%s%d", current_time_string, domain, ctx->number_of_mail_sent); result = (char *)malloc(len + 1); snprintf(result, len + 1, "%s%s%d", current_time_string, domain, ctx->number_of_mail_sent); ctx->number_of_mail_sent++; return result; } int dispatch_task_to_worker(struct smtp_client_context* ctx, struct hashtable_node_list *list) { log_print(ctx->name, "Waiting on select()..."); fd_set fds; memcpy(&fds, &ctx->worker_task_fds, sizeof(ctx->worker_task_fds)); int result = select(ctx->number_of_workers + 1, NULL, &fds, NULL, NULL); if (result < 0) { log_print(ctx->name, "select() failed"); return -1; } char *path = NULL; struct smtp_client_worker_context *worker_ctx = NULL; for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ctx->number_of_workers; i++) { worker_ctx = ctx->worker_ctx + i; if (FD_ISSET(worker_ctx->master_socket, &fds)) { break; } else { worker_ctx = NULL; } } if (worker_ctx == NULL) { log_print(ctx->name, "unable to get free worker after select()"); return -1; } int len = snprintf(path, 0, "%s/%d", ctx->process_dir, worker_ctx->pid); path = (char *)malloc(len + 1); snprintf(path, len + 1, "%s/%d", ctx->process_dir, worker_ctx->pid); const char *domain = list->list->key; size_t domain_len = list->list->key_size; struct hashtable_node *current_node = list->list; for (uint32_t i = 0; i < list->list_length; i++) { if (strncmp(domain, current_node->key, domain_len) == 0) { char *path_to_file = NULL; char * filename = generate_filename(ctx, domain); len = snprintf(path_to_file, 0, "%s/%s/%s", path, domain, filename); path_to_file = (char *)malloc(len + 1); snprintf(path_to_file, len + 1, "%s/%s/%s", path, domain, filename); log_print(ctx->name, "Moving '%s' to '%s'", current_node->value, path_to_file); if (rename(current_node->value, path_to_file) != 0) { log_print(ctx->name, "Moving failed"); } free(path_to_file); free(filename); } } send_task_to_worker(worker_ctx, domain, domain_len); free(path); return 0; } int stop_all_worker_processes(struct smtp_client_context* ctx) { log_print(ctx->name, "Stopping all workers"); struct client_process_command command = { .type = SMTP_CLIENT_PROCESS_STOP }; for (int i = 0; i < ctx->number_of_workers; i++) { struct smtp_client_worker_context *worker_ctx = ctx->worker_ctx + i; send_terminate_to_worker(worker_ctx); int status; waitpid(worker_ctx->pid, &status, 0); } return 0; } int stop_logger_process(struct smtp_client_context* ctx) { log_print(ctx->name, "Stopping logger thread"); log_process_send_terminate(); int status; waitpid(ctx->logger_pid, &status, 0); return 0; } int run(const char *root_dir, const char *outmail_dir, const char *process_dir, const char *sent_dir, const char *log_file_name, uint32_t mail_send_timeout, uint32_t mail_retry_wait_time, uint32_t number_of_workers) { main_process_running = true; int result = 0; struct smtp_client_context ctx; // initialize client context ctx.root_dir = root_dir; size_t root_dir_len = strlen(root_dir); char *outmail_path = (char*)malloc(0x100); strncpy(outmail_path, root_dir, 0x100); strncat(outmail_path, outmail_dir, 0x100 - root_dir_len); ctx.outmail_dir = outmail_path; char *process_path = (char*)malloc(0x100); strncpy(process_path, root_dir, 0x100); strncat(process_path, process_dir, 0x100 - root_dir_len); ctx.process_dir = process_path; char *sent_path = (char*)malloc(0x100); strncpy(sent_path, root_dir, 0x100); strncat(sent_path, sent_dir, 0x100 - root_dir_len); ctx.sent_dir = sent_path; ctx.log_file_name = log_file_name; ctx.mail_send_timeout = mail_send_timeout; ctx.mail_retry_wait_time = mail_retry_wait_time; ctx.number_of_workers = number_of_workers; ctx.worker_ctx = (struct smtp_client_worker_context*)malloc(sizeof(struct smtp_client_worker_context) * number_of_workers); ctx.number_of_mail_sent = 0; ctx.name = MAIN_PROCESS_NAME; spawn_logger_process(&ctx); log_print(ctx.name, "Starting SMTP client"); log_print(ctx.name, "Number of worker processes: %d"); //spawn worker processes for (unsigned int i = 0; i < number_of_workers; i++) { if (spawn_worker_process(&ctx, ctx.worker_ctx + i) != 0) { log_print(ctx.name, "Spawning worker process failed (id=%d)", i); return -1; } } log_print(ctx.name, "All worker processes started"); log_print(ctx.name, "Start main loop"); main_loop(&ctx); log_print(ctx.name, "Quitted main loop"); log_print(ctx.name, "Stopping all workers"); stop_all_worker_processes(&ctx); log_print(ctx.name, "Stopping logger"); stop_logger_process(&ctx); free(ctx.worker_ctx); free(ctx.outmail_dir); free(ctx.process_dir); free(ctx.sent_dir); return result; };
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/* ************************************************************************** */ /* */ /* ::: :::::::: */ /* set_file.c :+: :+: :+: */ /* +:+ +:+ +:+ */ /* By: piquerue <[email protected]> +#+ +:+ +#+ */ /* +#+#+#+#+#+ +#+ */ /* Created: 2018/05/19 00:50:46 by piquerue #+# #+# */ /* Updated: 2018/07/30 00:50:30 by piquerue ### ########.fr */ /* */ /* ************************************************************************** */ #include "libft.h" static int set_file_get_command(char *cmd, int type) { if (ft_strcmp(cmd, "##start") == 0) return (1); if (ft_strcmp(cmd, "##end") == 0) return (2); return (type); } static int set_file_set_ants(char *cmd, t_lem *lem) { char *rk; lem->atns = ft_atoi(cmd); rk = ft_itoa(lem->atns); if (ft_strcmp(rk, cmd) != 0 || lem->atns <= 0) exit(0); ft_strdel(&rk); return (1); } static int set_file_set_tube(char *l, int tube, t_lem *lem, int type) { t_listroom *room; tube = is_tube_or_not(l); if (type >= 0) { if (tube == 1) add_tube(l, &(lem->rooms)); else add_room(set_room(l, type), &(lem->rooms)); if (type == 2) { room = *(&(lem->rooms)); while (room->next) { if (room->room->start == 1) return (1); room = room->next; } tube = (room->room->start == 1) ? 1 : 0; } } return (tube); } static int set_file_exist(t_lem *lem) { if (!lem->filecontents) exit(0); return (0); } void set_file(t_lem *lem) { int i; int type; int tube; int done; i = -1; type = 0; tube = 0; done = set_file_exist(lem); while (lem->filecontents[++i]) if (ft_strlen(lem->filecontents[i]) == 0) return ; else if (lem->filecontents[i][0] == '#') type = set_file_get_command(lem->filecontents[i], type); else { if (done == 0 && type == 0) done = set_file_set_ants(lem->filecontents[i], lem); else if (done == 0 && type >= 1) exit(0); else tube = set_file_set_tube(lem->filecontents[i], tube, lem, type); type = 0; } }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct vec { int arrSize; int arr[]; }; struct vec *vecArr; vecArr = malloc(sizeof(struct vec)); if (vecArr == NULL) { perror("Error "); return EXIT_FAILURE; } if (argc != 2) { fprintf(stderr, "Parameter missing or too many"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } int amountOfElements = atoi(argv[1]); if (amountOfElements < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "Parameter needs to be >= 0"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } vecArr->arrSize = vecArr->arrSize + amountOfElements; vecArr = realloc(vecArr, amountOfElements * sizeof(int)); if (vecArr == NULL) { perror("Error"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } for (int i = 0; i < vecArr->arrSize; i++) { printf("%u\n", vecArr->arr[i]); } free(vecArr); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }
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#include <Windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include "common.h" #define buffSize 1000 HANDLE hComm; // Handle to the Serial port OVERLAPPED o; void openComPort() { BOOL Status; // Status of the various operations char ComPortName[] = "\\\\.\\COM3"; // Name of the Serial port(May Change) to be opened, hComm = CreateFile(ComPortName, // Name of the Port to be Opened GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, // Read/Write Access 0, // No Sharing, ports cant be shared NULL, // No Security OPEN_EXISTING, // Open existing port only /*FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED*/0, NULL); // Null for Comm Devices /*if (hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) printf("\n Error! - Port %s can't be opened\n", ComPortName); else printf("\n Port %s Opened\n ", ComPortName);*/ o.hEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, // default security attributes TRUE, // manual-reset event FALSE, // not signaled NULL // no name ); // Initialize the rest of the OVERLAPPED structure to zero. o.Internal = 0; o.InternalHigh = 0; o.Offset = 0; o.OffsetHigh = 0; /*------------------------------- Setting the Parameters for the SerialPort ------------------------------*/ DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 }; // Initializing DCB structure dcbSerialParams.DCBlength = sizeof(dcbSerialParams); Status = GetCommState(hComm, &dcbSerialParams); //retreives the current settings /*if (Status == FALSE) printf("\n Error! in GetCommState()"); */ dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = CBR_115200; // Setting BaudRate = 115200 dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = 8; // Setting ByteSize = 8 dcbSerialParams.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT; // Setting StopBits = 1 dcbSerialParams.Parity = NOPARITY; // Setting Parity = None dcbSerialParams.fDtrControl = 0; dcbSerialParams.fRtsControl = 0; Status = SetCommState(hComm, &dcbSerialParams); //Configuring the port according to settings in DCB SetCommMask(hComm, EV_RXCHAR); //if (Status == FALSE) //{ // printf("\n Error! in Setting DCB Structure"); //} //else //If Successfull display the contents of the DCB Structure //{ // printf("\n\n Setting DCB Structure Successfull\n"); // printf("\n Baudrate = %d", dcbSerialParams.BaudRate); // printf("\n ByteSize = %d", dcbSerialParams.ByteSize); // printf("\n StopBits = %d", dcbSerialParams.StopBits); // printf("\n Parity = %d", dcbSerialParams.Parity); //} /*------------------------------------ Setting Timeouts --------------------------------------------------*/ COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts = { 0 }; timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 50; timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 50; timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10; timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 50; timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10; SetCommTimeouts(hComm, &timeouts); /* printf("\n\n Error! in Setting Time Outs"); else printf("\n\n Setting Serial Port Timeouts Successfull");*/ /*------------------------------------ Setting Receive Mask ----------------------------------------------*/ Status = SetCommMask(hComm, EV_RXCHAR); //Configure Windows to Monitor the serial device for Character Reception /*if (Status == FALSE) printf("\n\n Error! in Setting CommMask"); else printf("\n\n Setting CommMask successfull\n");*/ } void comSend(const char* data, int len) { char lpBuffer[buffSize]; // lpBuffer should be char or byte array, otherwise write wil fail DWORD dNoOFBytestoWrite; // No of bytes to write into the port DWORD dNoOfBytesWritten = 0; // No of bytes written to the port dNoOFBytestoWrite = min(buffSize, len); // Calculating the no of bytes to write into the port strncpy(lpBuffer, data, dNoOFBytestoWrite); BOOL Status = WriteFile(hComm, // Handle to the Serialport lpBuffer, // Data to be written to the port dNoOFBytestoWrite, // No of bytes to write into the port &dNoOfBytesWritten, // No of bytes written to the port NULL); } int comRead(char *buff, int bufSize) { int bytesRead; ReadFile(hComm, buff, bufSize, &bytesRead, 0); if (bytesRead > 0 && bytesRead < bufSize) { buff[bytesRead] = 0; } return bytesRead; }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <errno.h> #include <strings.h> #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc != 3) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: ./tcp_client <Sever IP> <Port>\n"); exit(-1); } const char* ip = argv[1]; int port = atoi(argv[2]); // 0. 初始化服务端地址(IP+Port) struct sockaddr_in server_addr; bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_addr.sin_port = htons(port); inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &server_addr.sin_addr); // 1. 创建socket int sock_fd; sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); // 2. 建立连接 int conn_ret = connect(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); if (conn_ret < 0) { perror("connect()"); exit(-1); } fprintf(stdout, "connect Server(%s:%d) success.\n", ip, port); // 3. 发送数据 char buff[BUFFER_SIZE]; bzero(buff, BUFFER_SIZE); strcpy(buff, "Hello, Server!"); int send_ret = send(sock_fd, buff, sizeof(buff), 0); if (send_ret < 0) { perror("send()"); close(sock_fd); exit(-1); } else if (send_ret == 0) { fprintf(stderr, "server close socket!\n"); close(sock_fd); exit(-1); } fprintf(stdout, "Client: %s\n", buff); // 4. 接收数据 bzero(buff, BUFFER_SIZE); int recv_ret = recv(sock_fd, buff, BUFFER_SIZE, 0); if (recv_ret < 0) { perror("recv()"); close(sock_fd); exit(-1); } else if (recv_ret == 0) { fprintf(stderr, "server close socket!\n"); close(sock_fd); exit(-1); } fprintf(stdout, "Server: %s\n", buff); // 5、关闭连接 close(sock_fd); exit(0); } // build: // gcc -o tcp_client tcp_client.c // run // ./tcp_client 127.0.0.1 8080
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#include <stdio.h> void fun(int a) { if (a == 1) { printf("a == %d\n", a); return; // жϺҪ } fun(a - 1); printf("a = %d\n", a); } // ݹۼ int add(int n) { if (n < 1) { return n; } return n + add(n - 1); } int add2(int n) { if (n == 100) { return n; } return n + add2(n + 1); } int main() { //fun(6); //ݹ1-100ĺ int a = add(100); printf("add:%d\n", a); a = add2(1); printf("add2:%d\n", a); int n = 100; int sum = 0; for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) { sum += i; } printf("sum=%d\n", sum); return 0; }
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/* ************************************************************************** */ /* */ /* ::: :::::::: */ /* ligne_img.c :+: :+: :+: */ /* +:+ +:+ +:+ */ /* By: jmoussu <[email protected]> +#+ +:+ +#+ */ /* +#+#+#+#+#+ +#+ */ /* Created: 2019/02/12 16:09:28 by jmoussu #+# #+# */ /* Updated: 2019/02/15 17:00:49 by jmoussu ### ########.fr */ /* */ /* ************************************************************************** */ #include "fdf.h" void linebhi(t_coord p1, t_coord p2, t_mv v) { int dx; int dy; int cumul; int x; int y; x = p1.x; y = p1.y; dx = p2.x - p1.x; dy = p2.y - p1.y; fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); y = p1.y + 1; cumul = dy / 2; while (y <= p2.y) { cumul += dx; if (cumul >= dy) { cumul -= dy; x += 1; } fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); y++; } } void linebli(t_coord p1, t_coord p2, t_mv v) { int dx; int dy; int cumul; int x; int y; x = p1.x; y = p1.y; dx = p2.x - p1.x; dy = (p2.y - p1.y); fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); x = p1.x + 1; cumul = dx / 2; while (x <= p2.x) { cumul += dy; if (cumul >= dx) { cumul -= dx; y += 1; } fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); x++; } } void linehli(t_coord p1, t_coord p2, t_mv v) { int dx; int dy; int cumul; int x; int y; x = p1.x; y = p1.y; dx = ABS(p2.x - p1.x); dy = ABS(p2.y - p1.y); fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); x = p1.x + 1; cumul = dx / 2; while (x <= p2.x) { cumul += dy; if (cumul >= dx) { cumul -= dx; y -= 1; } fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); x++; } } void linehhi(t_coord p1, t_coord p2, t_mv v) { int dx; int dy; int cumul; int x; int y; x = p1.x; y = p1.y; dx = ABS(p2.x - p1.x); dy = ABS(p2.y - p1.y); fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); y = p1.y + 1; cumul = dy / 2; while (y >= p2.y) { cumul += dx; if (cumul >= dy) { cumul -= dy; x += 1; } fill_pixel(v.img, x, y); y--; } } void linei(t_coord p1, t_coord p2, t_mv v) { t_coord pt; int dx; int dy; if (p1.x > p2.x) { pt = p1; p1 = p2; p2 = pt; } dx = ABS(p2.x - p1.x); dy = ABS(p2.y - p1.y); if (p1.y > p2.y) { if (dx > dy) linehli(p1, p2, v); else linehhi(p1, p2, v); } else if (dx > dy) linebli(p1, p2, v); else linebhi(p1, p2, v); }
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#include "GeraSemente.h" int SementeMain (char *senha) { int semente=0; if ((senha[0] >= 'A') && (senha[0] <= 'Z')) { //converte com os valores de letra maiuscula semente = ConverteMaiuscula (senha); } else if ((senha[0] >= 'a') && (senha[0] <= 'z')) { //converte com os valores de letra minuscula semente = ConverteMinuscula (senha); } else if ((senha[0] >= '0') && (senha[0]) <= '9') { //converte com os valores de numeros semente = ConverteNumero (senha); } return semente; //retorna a semente } int ConverteMaiuscula (char *senha) { //vai converter a senha quando o primeiro caractere e uma letra maiuscula //le a quantidade de cada tipo de caractere para gerar a semente int tamanho=0, semente=0; int maiuscula=0, minuscula=0, numeros=0; tamanho = strlen (senha); LeQuantidades (senha, tamanho, &maiuscula, &minuscula, &numeros); if (minuscula == 0) { //caso a quantidade de minusculas seja 0 semente = ((maiuscula * 8) * (1 * 1)) - (numeros * 7); } else { semente = ((maiuscula * 8) * (minuscula * 4)) - (numeros * 7); } return semente; } int ConverteMinuscula (char *senha) { //vai converter a senha quando o primeiro caractere e uma letra minuscula int tamanho=0, semente=0; int maiuscula=0, minuscula=0, numeros=0; tamanho = strlen (senha); LeQuantidades (senha, tamanho, &maiuscula, &minuscula, &numeros); if (maiuscula == 0) { //caso a quantidade de maiusculas seja 0 semente = ((1 * 1) * (minuscula * 6)) - (numeros * 5); } else { semente = ((maiuscula * 3) * (minuscula * 6)) - (numeros * 5); } return semente; } int ConverteNumero (char *senha){ //vai converter a senha quando o primeiro caractere e um numero int tamanho=0, semente=0; int maiuscula=0, minuscula=0, numeros=0; tamanho = strlen (senha); LeQuantidades (senha, tamanho, &maiuscula, &minuscula, &numeros); if (maiuscula == 0) { //caso o numero de maiusculas seja 0 semente = ((1 * 1) * (minuscula * 2)) - (numeros * 11); } else if (minuscula == 0) { //caso o numero de minusculas seja 0 semente = ((maiuscula * 9) * (1 * 2)) - (numeros * 11); } else { semente = ((maiuscula * 9) * (minuscula * 2)) - (numeros * 11); } return semente; } void LeQuantidades (char *senha, int tamanho, int *maiuscula, int *minuscula, int *numeros) { int i; for (i=0; i < tamanho; i++) { if ((senha[i] >= 'A') && (senha[i] <= 'Z')) { *maiuscula += 1; } else if ((senha[i] >= 'a') && (senha[i] <= 'z')) { *minuscula += 1; } else if ((senha[i] >= '0') && (senha[i]) <= '9') { *numeros += 1; } } }
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#include <stdint.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <signal.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define WITH_PRINT ( 0 ) /* Lorant SZABO Build with: `gcc -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -O0 -ggdb -o branch_test branch_test.c' Inspect assembly code for the critical section (e.g. compiler doesn't optimized away important steps): `objdump -d -S (-M intel) branch_test' Run with perf (usually perf packed with 'linux-tools-generic' / 'linux-tools-common') `perf stat ./branch_test 17 3' And watch for branch-misses! E.g.: `` */ int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { register uint64_t shr; register volatile uint64_t x = 0; int shr_len = 32; register int shr_len_minus_1 = 31; register uint64_t mask = (1UL << shr_len) - 1; /* run for only 1 sec */ alarm(1); signal(SIGALRM, exit); /* * To test every 0-1 cases which are rotary invariant but the 0s and 1s' order matters, * simply odd numbers should be used as input. To test **only** the different * integer partitions of 0s and 1s, A194602 series could be used (from oeis.org) * - this ommit the 0s and 1s groups to be varible (e.g. 0111011011 and 0110111011 * are not used in that series at the same time). */ if (argc == 3) { shr_len = atoi(argv[1]); shr_len_minus_1 = shr_len - 1; if (shr_len == 64) mask = 0xffffffffffffffffUL; else mask = (1UL << shr_len) - 1; shr = atol(argv[2]); shr &= mask; } else { printf("Usage: %s <shr_length> <shr_init_value>\n", argv[0]); exit(-1); } #if WITH_PRINT printf("shr_len: %d, shr: 0x%0*lx\n", shr_len, ((shr_len + 3) >> 2), shr); #endif while (1) { if (shr & 1) { /* dummy, unreductible instructions to (hopefully) fill the pipeline */ ++x; x &= 0x1234567890111111UL; x ^= 0x1edcba9876111111UL; ++x; x &= 0x2234567890222222UL; x ^= 0x2edcba9876222222UL; ++x; x &= 0x3234567890333333UL; x ^= 0x3edcba9876333333UL; } else { --x; x &= 0x4234567890444444UL; x ^= 0x4edcba9876444444UL; --x; x &= 0x5234567890555555UL; x ^= 0x5edcba9876555555UL; --x; x &= 0x6234567890666666UL; x ^= 0x6edcba9876666666UL; } /* rotate around shift register with the initial content */ shr = ( shr >> (shr_len_minus_1) ) | ( shr << 1 ); shr &= mask; } return 0; }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(){ char **line=NULL, c; int linenum=0, letternum=0, nword=0, j, i=0; FILE *fpin, *fpout; fpin=fopen("file.txt", "rt"); if(fpin==NULL) return; fpout=fopen("result.txt", "wt"); if(fpout==NULL) return; line=(char**)malloc(sizeof(char*)); line[0]=(char*)malloc(sizeof(char)); while((c=fgetc(fpin))!=EOF){ line[linenum] = (char*)realloc(line[linenum], letternum + 1); line[linenum][letternum++] = c; if (c=='\n'){ line[linenum] = (char*)realloc(line[linenum], letternum + 1); line[linenum][letternum] = '\0'; line = (char**)realloc(line, ((++linenum) + 1) * sizeof(char*)); line[linenum] = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)); letternum = 0; } } line[linenum] = (char*)realloc(line[linenum], letternum + 1); line[linenum][letternum] = '\n'; line[linenum] = (char*)realloc(line[linenum], letternum ); line[linenum][letternum] = '\0'; for(i=0;i<=linenum;i++){ for(j=0;line[i][j]!='\0';j++){ printf("%c", line[i][j]); } } printf("\n"); fclose(fpin); fclose(fpout); return 0; }
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#pragma once #include "core.h" #include "ir/ir.h" i64 convertLiteralToInt64(IR::Literal& literal) { auto& primitive = literal.getType()->getPrimitive(); assert(primitive.isConcrete() && primitive.isInteger()); if (primitive.Signed) { switch (primitive.size) { case 8: return literal.readValue<i8>(); case 16: return literal.readValue<i16>(); case 32: return literal.readValue<i32>(); case 64: return literal.readValue<i64>(); default: assert("int size not supported in evaluation"); } } else { switch (primitive.size) { case 8: return literal.readValue<u8>(); case 16: return literal.readValue<u16>(); case 32: return literal.readValue<u32>(); case 64: { auto uvalue = literal.readValue<u64>(); assert(uvalue < (u64)INT64_MAX); return uvalue; } default: assert("int size not supported in evaluation"); } } return -1; }
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#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> #include<memory.h> int numlen(int al[]); void plus(void); int minus(void); void mutiply(void); void divise(void); void stvnum(int num[]); void rm0(int num[]); void rm1(int num[]); int num1[501]={-1}; int num2[501]={-1}; char non[501]={0}; int main(void){ int ch; char op; int i=0; int j; while(1){ // ch=getchar(); i=0; memset(num1,-1,sizeof(num1)); memset(num2,-1,sizeof(num1)); // for(i=0;i<=500;i++){ // printf("%d",num1[i]); // } // puts("----"); //exit(0); // printf("hello"); //exit(0); while((ch=getchar())!=' '){ if(ch==EOF){ exit(0); } ch-=48; num1[i]=ch; // printf("%d",num1[i]); i++; // if(i==10){ // break; // } } // exit(0); // puts(" "); // puts("----"); // for(j=0;j<=50;j++){ // printf("%d",num2[j]); // } // puts(" "); // puts("----"); op=getchar(); // putchar(op); ch=getchar(); // puts("----"); // for(j=0;j<=50;j++){ // printf("%d ",num1[j]); // } // puts(""); // puts("----"); // exit(0); i=0; while(!(((ch=getchar())=='\n')||(ch==EOF))){ // printf("%c\n",ch); ch-=48; num2[i]=ch; // printf("num2[%d]=%d\n",i,num2[i]); i++; } // puts("----"); // puts(" "); // for(j=0;j<=50;j++){ // printf("%d ",num2[j]); // } // puts(""); // puts("----"); // exit(0); if(op=='+'){ plus(); // puts("plus"); // exit(0); } else if(op=='-'){ minus(); } else if(op=='*'){ mutiply(); } else if(op=='/'){ divise(); } i=0; while(num1[i]!=-1){ printf("%d",num1[i]); i++; } puts(""); // if(ch==10){ // exit(0); // } // printf("ch=%d\n",ch); // printf("1"); } return 0; } void plus(void){ int ans[501]={0}; int len,i; if(numlen(num1)>=numlen(num2)){ len=numlen(num1); } else{ len=numlen(num2); } // exit(0); stvnum(num1); stvnum(num2); rm1(num1); rm1(num2); for(i=0;i<len;i++){ ans[i]=num1[i]+num2[i]; } for(i=0;i<=499;i++){ ans[i+1]+=ans[i]/10; ans[i]=ans[i]%10; } rm0(ans); stvnum(ans); // exit(0); for(i=0;i<=500;i++){ num1[i]=ans[i]; } return; } int minus(void){ int ans[501]={0}; int len,i; int plus; plus=1; if(numlen(num1)>=numlen(num2)){ len=numlen(num1); } else if(numlen(num1)<numlen(num2)){ printf("-"); plus=0; len=numlen(num2); } else{ len=numlen(num1); for(i=0;i<=500;i++){ if(num1[i]>num2[i]){ break; } else if(num1[i]<num2[i]){ printf("-"); plus=0; len=numlen(num2); break; } } } // for(i=0;i<=10;i++){ // printf("%d",num1[i]); // } // puts("--num1 "); // for(i=0;i<=10;i++){ // printf("%d",num2[i]); // } // puts("--num2 "); stvnum(num1); stvnum(num2); // for(i=0;i<=10;i++){ // printf("%d",num1[i]); // } // puts("--num1 "); // for(i=0;i<=10;i++){ // printf("%d",num2[i]); // } // puts("--num2 "); rm1(num1); rm1(num2); // for(i=0;i<=10;i++){ // printf("%d",num1[i]); // } // puts("--num1 "); // for(i=0;i<=10;i++){ // printf("%d",num2[i]); // } // puts("--num2 "); for(i=0;i<len;i++){ if(plus==1){ ans[i]=num1[i]-num2[i]+ans[i]; } else{ ans[i]=num2[i]-num1[i]+ans[i]; } if(ans[i]<0){ ans[i]+=10; ans[i+1]-=1; } } // for(i=0;i<=499;i++){ // ans[i+1]+=ans[i]/10; // ans[i]=ans[i]%10; // } rm0(ans); stvnum(ans); // exit(0); for(i=0;i<=500;i++){ num1[i]=ans[i]; } return 0; } void divise(void){ return; } void mutiply(void){ int ans[501]={0}; int i,j; stvnum(num1); stvnum(num2); for(i=0;i<numlen(num2);i++){ for(j=0;j<numlen(num1);j++){ ans[j+i]+=num2[i]*num1[j]; } } for(i=0;i<=499;i++){ ans[i+1]+=ans[i]/10; ans[i]=ans[i]%10; } rm0(ans); stvnum(ans); for(i=0;i<=500;i++){ num1[i]=ans[i]; } return; } void stvnum(int *av){ int i; int len; int r; len=numlen(av); for(i=1;i<=len/2;i++){ r=av[i-1]; av[i-1]=av[len-i]; av[len-i]=r; } return; } int numlen(int al[]){ int i=0; while(al[i]!=-1){ i++; } return i; } void rm0(int num[]){ int i; for(i=500;i>=1;i--){ if(num[i]==0){ num[i]=-1; } else{ // printf("break; whe i=%d\n",i); break; } } return; } void rm1(int num[]){ int i; // for(i=0;i<=500;i++){ // printf("%d",num[i]); // } // puts(""); for(i=500;i>=1;i--){ if(num[i]==-1){ num[i]=0; } else{ // printf("break when i=%d\n",i); break; } } return; }
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#include <stdio.h> /* prints a histogram of the lengths of words */ main() { int c, i, j; int count = 0; int words[10]; for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) words[i] = 0; while ((c = getchar()) != EOF) { if (c != ' ' && c != '\n' && c != '\t' && c != '.') { ++count; } else { if (count != 0) ++words[count]; count = 0; } } printf("words lengths ="); for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) printf(" %d", words[i]); printf("\n\n"); printf("%10s", " "); printf("Histogram of Word Lengths\n"); for (i = 1; i < 10; ++i) { printf("Length of"); printf(" %d", i); for (j = 0; j < words[i]; ++j) { printf("-"); } printf("\n"); } }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> int main() { int x1, y1, x2, y2; scanf("%d %d %d %d", &x1, &y1, &x2, &y2); double distancia = sqrt(pow((x2 - x1),2) + pow((y2 - y1),2)); printf("%.4lf\n", distancia); }
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#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> void str_sum_digits(const char *cs); int main() { const char cs[100] = { 0 }; printf("enter string with digits\n"); scanf("%[0-9]", &cs); printf("cs %s\n", cs); str_sum_digits(cs); //*cs=getchar(); //printf("Hello World!"); return 0; } void str_sum_digits(const char *cs) { int a; int b; int i; int sum = 0; // const char cs[100] = { 0 }; // printf("enter string with digits\n"); // scanf("%[0-9]", &cs); b = strlen(cs); printf("len %d\n", b); a = atoi(cs); printf("a=%d\n", a); for(i=0; i<=b; i++) { sum = sum+=(a % 10); a = a / 10; } printf("sum digits=%d\n", sum); }
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/* ************************************************************************** */ /* */ /* ::: :::::::: */ /* ft_formstr_s.c :+: :+: :+: */ /* +:+ +:+ +:+ */ /* By: dbennie <[email protected]> +#+ +:+ +#+ */ /* +#+#+#+#+#+ +#+ */ /* Created: 2019/08/22 20:43:02 by dbennie #+# #+# */ /* Updated: 2019/08/22 20:43:03 by dbennie ### ########.fr */ /* */ /* ************************************************************************** */ #include "ft_printf.h" static char *ft_printf_s(t_format *form, char *s) { char *buf; char *tmp; int j; tmp = s; if (!s) tmp = "(null)"; j = ft_strlen(tmp); if (form->p >= 0 && form->p < j) j = form->p; form->len = j; if (!(buf = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * j + 1))) return (NULL); buf[j] = '\0'; while (--j >= 0) buf[j] = tmp[j]; return (buf); } void ft_formstr_s(t_format *form, char *s) { if (!(form->str = ft_printf_s(form, s))) exit(0); if ((form->w && form->f[4] && !form->f[0]) && form->p < 0 && form->w > form->len) ft_addstr(form, form->w - form->len, '0', 0); if (form->w > form->len) { if (form->f[0]) ft_addstr(form, form->w - form->len, ' ', 1); else ft_addstr(form, form->w - form->len, ' ', 0); } }
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#ifndef R_PIN_H #define R_PIN_H #include <stdio.h> #include "struct.h" #define LED_1 ("4") //Pines GPIO #define LED_2 ("17") #define LED_3 ("27") #define LED_4 ("22") #define LED_5 ("18") #define LED_6 ("23") #define LED_7 ("24") //Las siguientes funciones son para el manejo de pines en el RASPBERRY PI // Esta función cambia el estados de los pines seteados como salidas // // char *pin: es un puntero a un string que indica el pin GPIO // char led_state: caracter 0 o 1 que indica el estado de OFF o ON del pin void state_set(char * pin, char led_state); // Esta funcion prepara los pines para ser utilizados en el Rasp pi // // void * pointer: puntero a la estructura que acompaña al manejo de estados de los pines void set_leds (void * pointer); // Esta funcion finaliza el uso de los pines // // No recibe parámetros void unset_leds (void); #endif /* LED_PRINT_H */
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#include<stdio.h> main() { int mid,n,a[10],i,ele,j; ele=sizeof(a)/sizeof (a[0]); for(i=0;i<ele;i++) { printf("enter a number...\n"); scanf("%d",&a[i]); } for(i=0;i<ele;i++) printf("%d\t",a[i]); printf("\n"); int sum=0,k=0,l=0,b[6],c[6]; for(i=0;i<(ele/2+1);i++) { if((ele-i)>=5) { sum=0; for(j=i;j<(i+5);j++) sum=sum+a[j]; b[k++]=sum; c[l++]=i; printf("sum=%d\t",sum); } } l=b[0]; j=0; for(i=0;i<k;i++) if(l<b[i]) j=i; printf("index=%d\narray elements\n",j); for(i=j;i<(j+5);i++) printf("%d\t",a[i]); printf("\n"); }
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#include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int size,i,j,sum=0;; printf("enter size of matrix:-\n "); scanf("%d",&size); int arr[size][size]; printf("enter elements in matrix:- \n"); for(i=0;i<size;i++) { for(j=0;j<size;j++) { scanf("%d",&arr[i][j]); } } for(i=0;i<size;i++) { for(j=0;j<size;j++) { if(i+j==size-1) { sum=sum+arr[i][j]; } } } printf("sum= %d",sum); }
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#include "vector.h" #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <assert.h> /** * Struct: Vector * * Implements the storage for the vector type defined in `vector.h`. The vector * struct uses three members: * `elems` Array of pointers; stores the vector's contents. * `capacity` Max number of elements the vector can store without * reallocating. * `size` Number of elements currently stored. */ struct vector { void **elems; int capacity; int size; }; // Two internal helper functions. Implemented at the bottom of this file. static void **get_element(const vector v, int i); static void extend_if_necessary(vector v); /** * Create a new, empty vector. * * The returned vector will have been dynamically allocated, and must be * destroyed after use using `vector_destroy`. */ vector vector_create() { // Allocate space for the vector itself, as well as its internal element // storage (capacity 1 to start). vector v = malloc(sizeof (vector)); assert(v != NULL); v->elems = malloc(sizeof (void *)); assert(v->elems != NULL); // Vector metadata. Capacity starts at one, since we have allocated space for // one element already. v->capacity = 1; v->size = 0; return v; } /** * Clean up a vector after use. * * This function must be called to avoid memory leaks. It frees the vector's * own storage, but it does not clean up the values that may exist inside of * it. If a vector is storing the only reference to any dynamically allocated * values, that memory must be freed by the client beforehand. */ void vector_destroy(vector v) { free(v->elems); free(v); } /** * Get the size (number of elements stored) of `v`. */ int vector_size(const vector v) { return v->size; } /** * Determine whether `i` is a valid index within `v`. */ bool vector_in_bounds(const vector v, int i) { return i < (size_t) v->size; } /** * Write `value` at the existing index `i` in the vector `v`. */ void vector_set(vector v, int i, void *value) { // We use the `get_element` helper routine to safely get a pointer to the // given index's location in the vector's own internal storage. *get_element(v, i) = value; } /** * Get the value at index `i` in `v`. */ void *vector_get(const vector v, int i) { // Hand off the work to the `get_element` helper, which gives us a pointer to // the matching element within the vector's internal storage. Then, just // dereference. return *get_element(v, i); } /** * Insert `value` at index `i` in the vector `v`. * * This will shift all existing elements, starting at index `i`, one position * to the right, so that `value` can occupiy the space at index `i`. */ void vector_insert(vector v,int i, void *value) { v->size += 1; extend_if_necessary(v); // Get a reference to the desired element position within the vector's own // internal storage. void **target = get_element(v, i); // We compute the number of elements *including and after* the element to // remove, and then use `memmove` to shift those elements to the right so as // to make room for the new value. int remaining = v->size - i - 1; memmove(target + 1, target, remaining * sizeof (void *)); *target = value; } /** * Remove and return the value at index `i` of the vector `v`. */ void *vector_remove(vector v, int i) { // Get a reference to the desired element position within the vector's own // internal storage, and save the found value to return. void **target = get_element(v, i); void *result = *target; // We compute the number of elements *after* the element to remove, and then // use `memmove` to shift all subsequent elements down to cover the removed // element. int remaining = v->size - i - 1; memmove(target, target + 1, remaining * sizeof (void *)); v->size -= 1; return result; } /** * Push `value` onto the end of the vector `v`. */ void vector_push(vector v, void *value) { // Offload to the existing insertion routine. vector_insert(v, v->size, value); } /** * Remove and return the value at the end of the vector `v`. */ void *vector_pop(vector v) { // Offload to `vector_remove`. return vector_remove(v, v->size - 1); } /** * Internal helper; computes a pointer to the memory location for a given index * `i` within `v`. */ static void **get_element(const vector v, int i) { assert(i < (size_t) v->size); return &v->elems[i]; } /** * Internal helper; doubles the vector's internal storage capacity when * necessary (*i.e.*, the vector's `size` becomes greater than its `capacity`). */ static void extend_if_necessary(vector v) { if (v->size > v->capacity) { // Doubling the capacity when necessary allows for an amortized constant // runtime for extensions. Using `realloc` will conveniently copy the // vector's existing contents to any newly allocated memory. v->capacity *= 2; v->elems = realloc(v->elems, v->capacity * sizeof (void *)); } }
C
UTF-8
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4.25
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[]
no_license
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> struct value { int v; struct value *next; }; /* * Inserts a new value into the LLL. Creates a new node as well */ int insert_LLL(struct value **head, int new_value) { struct value *new_node; /* If head doesn't exist we need to make it */ if(!*head) { *head = (struct value*) malloc(sizeof(struct value)); (*head) -> v = new_value; (*head) -> next = NULL; return 1; } /* If new_value is higher than us, keep going. */ if( (*head) -> v < new_value) { return insert_LLL(&((*head) -> next), new_value); } /* If we're higher than new_value then we need to change head and put * the new node in our place and shift us up */ /* if ( (*head) -> v > new_value) */ new_node = (struct value*) malloc(sizeof(struct value)); new_node -> v = new_value; new_node -> next = (*head); *head = new_node; return 1; } /* * Implementation of the insertion sort */ int insertion(int *array, size_t len) { struct value *head, *temp; int i; head = (struct value*) malloc(sizeof(struct value)); temp = head; head -> v = array[0]; head -> next = NULL; for(i = 1; i < len; ++i) insert_LLL(&(head), array[i]); for(i = 0; i < len; ++i) { array[i] = head -> v; temp = head; head = head -> next; free(temp); } return 1; }
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