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--- |
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license: etalab-2.0 |
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tags: |
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- climate |
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- weather |
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- forecasting |
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pretty_name: 5 Minutes Radar Rainfall over mainland France |
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size_categories: |
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- 100K<n<1M |
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--- |
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# 📡 5 Minutes Radar Rainfall over mainland France |
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**Short name**: `radar-rainfall` |
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**Source**: Météo-France |
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**License**: Etalab 2.0 (Open License 2.0) |
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## 🗂️ Dataset Summary |
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This dataset provides high-resolution radar-based rainfall accumulation data over mainland France. Each file contains the rainfall accumulation (in hundredths of millimeters) over the **past 5 minutes**, with a **spatial resolution of 1 km**. |
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The data is derived from the radar precipitation mosaic produced by **Météo-France**. |
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* **Temporal resolution**: every 5 minutes |
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* **Spatial resolution**: 1 km |
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* **Grid size**: (1536, 1536) |
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* **Coverage**: France mainland |
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* **Projection**: Data is in a Stereographic projection and not in a regular Latitude/Longitude projection 🚨 |
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* **Period covered**: currently 2020–2025 (will be extended back to 2015 in future versions) |
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* **Data format**: `.npz` (NumPy compressed archive) |
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* **Total size**: approx. 15 GB/year (\~100,000 files/year) |
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## 📁 Dataset Structure |
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Files are organized in folders by year. Each `.npz` file corresponds to a single 5-minute time step. |
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```bash |
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radar-rainfall/ |
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├── 2020/ |
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│ ├── 202001010000.npz |
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│ ├── 202001010005.npz |
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│ └── ... |
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├── 2021/ |
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│ └── ... |
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└── ... |
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``` |
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Each `.npz` file contains a 2D NumPy array representing the rainfall accumulation over the French territory during that 5-minute interval. Units are **hundredths of millimeters**. |
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## 🧪 Example Usage |
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To open and visualize a single `.npz` file: |
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```python |
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import numpy as np |
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt |
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# Load the file |
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data = np.load("2020/202004201700.npz") # Adjust path as needed |
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rain = data['arr_0'] # The array is stored under 'arr_0' |
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print(rain.shape) # Shape = (1536, 1536) |
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# Negative values indicate no data, replace them with NaN: |
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rain = np.where(rain < 0, np.nan, rain) |
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# Visualize |
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plt.imshow(rain, cmap="Blues") |
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plt.colorbar(label="Rainfall (x0.01 mm / 5min)") |
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plt.title("Rainfall Accumulation – 2020-04-20 17:00 UTC") |
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plt.savefig("rainfall_20200420_1700.png") |
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``` |
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The provided `plots.py` module contains some utilities to make nice maps in a regular lat/lon grid. |
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To convert data to mm/h and plot a beautiful map: |
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```python |
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import numpy as np |
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from plots import plot_map_rain |
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data = np.load("2020/202004201700.npz") |
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rain = data['arr_0'] |
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rain = np.where(rain < 0, np.nan, rain) |
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rain = rain / 100 # Convert from mm10-2 to mm |
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rain = rain * 60 / 5 # Convert from mm in 5 minutes to mm/h |
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plot_map_rain( |
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rain, |
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title="Rainfall Rate – 2020-04-20 17:00 UTC", |
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path="rainfall_20200420_1700_map.png" |
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) |
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``` |
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## 🔍 Potential Use Cases |
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* Precipitation **nowcasting** and short-term forecasting |
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* Training datasets for **machine learning** or **deep learning** models in meteorology |
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* **Visualization** and analysis of rainfall patterns |
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* Research in hydrology, flood risk prediction, and climate science |
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## 📜 Licensing |
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The dataset is made available under the **Etalab Open License 2.0**, which permits free reuse, including for commercial purposes, provided proper attribution is given. |
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More information: [https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/](https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/) |
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## 📦 Citation |
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If you use this dataset in your work, please cite it as: |
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``` |
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@misc{radar_rainfall_france, |
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title = {5 Minutes Radar Rainfall over French Mainland Territory}, |
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author = {Météo-France}, |
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year = {2025}, |
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howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/meteofrance/radar-rainfall}}, |
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note = {Distributed under Etalab 2.0 License} |
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} |
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``` |
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## 🙏 Acknowledgements |
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Data provided by **Météo-France**. Processed and distributed by **Météo-France AI Lab** for open research and development purposes. |
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