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THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
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WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly Preamble. |
resolved to constitute India into a 1 [SOVEREIGN |
SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC] and |
to secure to all its citizens: |
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JUSTICE, social, economic and political; |
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LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and |
worship; |
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EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; |
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and to promote among them all |
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FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual |
and the 2[unity and integrity of the Nation]; |
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IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty- |
sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, |
ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS |
CONSTITUTION. |
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1 |
Subs. by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976, s. 2, for “SOVEREIGN |
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC” (w.e.f. 3-1-1977). |
2 |
Subs. by s. 2, ibid., for “unity of the Nation” (w.e.f. 3-1-1977). |
PART I |
THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY |
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Name and territory 1. (1) India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States. |
of the Union. |
1 |
[(2) The States and the territories thereof shall be as |
specified in the First Schedule.] |
(3) The territory of India shall comprise— |
(a) the territories of the States; |
2 |
[(b) the Union territories specified in the First |
Schedule; and] |
(c) such other territories as may be acquired. |
Admission or 2. Parliament may by law admit into the Union, or |
establishment of establish, new States on such terms and conditions as it |
new States. |
thinks fit. |
3 |
2A. [Sikkim to be associated with the Union.] Rep. by the |
Constitution (Thirty-sixth Amendment) Act, 1975, s. 5 (w.e.f. |
26-4-1975). |
Formation of new 3. Parliament may by law— |
States and |
alteration of areas, (a) form a new State by separation of territory |
boundaries or from any State or by uniting two or more States or |
names of existing |
parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of |
States. |
any State; |
(b) increase the area of any State; |
(c) diminish the area of any State; |
(d) alter the boundaries of any State; |
(e) alter the name of any State: |
4 |
[Provided that no Bill for the purpose shall be |
introduced in either House of Parliament except on the |
recommendation of the President and unless, where the |
proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries |
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1 |
Subs. by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 2, for cl. (2). |
2 |
Subs. by s. 2, ibid., for sub-clause (b). |
3 |
Article 2A was ins. by the Constitution (Thirty-fifth Amendment) Act, 1974, s. 2 (w.e.f. |
1-3-1975). |
4 |
Subs. by the Constitution (Fifth Amendment) Act, 1955, s. 2, for the proviso. |
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2 |
THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA 3 |
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(Part I.—The Union and its territory.—Arts. 3-4.) |
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or name of any of the States 1***, the Bill has been referred |
by the President to the Legislature of that State for |
expressing its views thereon within such period as may |
be specified in the reference or within such further period |
as the President may allow and the period so specified or |
allowed has expired.] |
2 |
[Explanation I.—In this article, in clauses (a) to (e), |
"State'' includes a Union territory, but in the proviso, |
"State'' does not include a Union territory. |
Explanation II.—The power conferred on Parliament |
by clause (a) includes the power to form a new State or |
Union territory by uniting a part of any State or Union |
territory to any other State or Union territory.] |
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