Sentence Transformers

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In the following you find models tuned to be used for sentence / text embedding generation. They can be used with the sentence-transformers package.

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tomaarsen 
posted an update 11 days ago
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I just released Sentence Transformers v4.1; featuring ONNX and OpenVINO backends for rerankers offering 2-3x speedups and improved hard negatives mining which helps prepare stronger training datasets. Details:

🏎️ ONNX, OpenVINO, Optimization, Quantization
- I've added ONNX and OpenVINO support with just one extra argument: "backend" when loading the CrossEncoder reranker, e.g.: CrossEncoder("cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L6-v2", backend="onnx")
- The export_optimized_onnx_model, export_dynamic_quantized_onnx_model, and export_static_quantized_openvino_model functions now work with CrossEncoder rerankers, allowing you to optimize (e.g. fusions, gelu approximations, etc.) or quantize (int8 weights) rerankers.
- I've uploaded ~340 ONNX & OpenVINO models for all existing models under the cross-encoder Hugging Face organization. You can use these without having to export when loading.

⛏ Improved Hard Negatives Mining
- Added 'absolute_margin' and 'relative_margin' arguments to mine_hard_negatives.
- absolute_margin ensures that sim(query, negative) < sim(query, positive) - absolute_margin, i.e. an absolute margin between the negative & positive similarities.
- relative_margin ensures that sim(query, negative) < sim(query, positive) * (1 - relative_margin), i.e. a relative margin between the negative & positive similarities.
- Inspired by the excellent NV-Retriever paper from NVIDIA.

And several other small improvements. Check out the full release notes here: https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers/releases/tag/v4.1.0

With this release, I introduce near-feature parity between the SentenceTransformer embedding & CrossEncoder reranker models, which I've wanted to do for quite some time! With rerankers very strongly supported now, it's time to look forward to other useful architectures!

tomaarsen 
posted an update about 1 month ago
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‼️Sentence Transformers v4.0 is out! You can now train and finetune reranker models with multi-GPU training, bf16 support, loss logging, callbacks & much more. I also prove that finetuning on your domain helps much more than you might think.

1️⃣ Reranker Training Refactor
Reranker models can now be trained using an extensive trainer with a lot of powerful features:
- MultiGPU Training (Data Parallelism (DP) and Distributed Data Parallelism (DDP))
- bf16 training support; loss logging
- Evaluation datasets + evaluation loss
- Improved callback support + an excellent Weights & Biases integration
- Gradient checkpointing, gradient accumulation
- Model card generation
- Resuming from a training checkpoint without performance loss
- Hyperparameter Optimization
and much more!

Read my detailed blogpost to learn about the components that make up this new training approach: https://huggingface.co/blog/train-reranker
Notably, the release is fully backwards compatible: all deprecations are soft, meaning that they still work but emit a warning informing you how to upgrade.

2️⃣ New Reranker Losses
- 11 new losses:
- 2 traditional losses: BinaryCrossEntropy and CrossEntropy
- 2 distillation losses: MSE and MarginMSE
- 2 in-batch negatives losses: MNRL (a.k.a. InfoNCE) and CMNRL
- 5 learning to rank losses: Lambda, p-ListMLE, ListNet, RankNet, ListMLE

3️⃣ New Reranker Documentation
- New Training Overview, Loss Overview, API Reference docs
- 5 new, 1 refactored training examples docs pages
- 13 new, 6 refactored training scripts
- Migration guides (2.x -> 3.x, 3.x -> 4.x)

4️⃣ Blogpost
Alongside the release, I've written a blogpost where I finetune ModernBERT on a generic question-answer dataset. My finetunes easily outperform all general-purpose reranker models, even models 4x as big. Finetuning on your domain is definitely worth it: https://huggingface.co/blog/train-reranker

See the full release notes here: https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers/releases/v4.0.1
tomaarsen 
posted an update about 2 months ago
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An assembly of 18 European companies, labs, and universities have banded together to launch 🇪🇺 EuroBERT! It's a state-of-the-art multilingual encoder for 15 European languages, designed to be finetuned for retrieval, classification, etc.

🇪🇺 15 Languages: English, French, German, Spanish, Chinese, Italian, Russian, Polish, Portuguese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Dutch, Arabic, Turkish, Hindi
3️⃣ 3 model sizes: 210M, 610M, and 2.1B parameters - very very useful sizes in my opinion
➡️ Sequence length of 8192 tokens! Nice to see these higher sequence lengths for encoders becoming more common.
⚙️ Architecture based on Llama, but with bi-directional (non-causal) attention to turn it into an encoder. Flash Attention 2 is supported.
🔥 A new Pareto frontier (stronger *and* smaller) for multilingual encoder models
📊 Evaluated against mDeBERTa, mGTE, XLM-RoBERTa for Retrieval, Classification, and Regression (after finetuning for each task separately): EuroBERT punches way above its weight.
📝 Detailed paper with all details, incl. data: FineWeb for English and CulturaX for multilingual data, The Stack v2 and Proof-Pile-2 for code.

Check out the release blogpost here: https://huggingface.co/blog/EuroBERT/release
* EuroBERT/EuroBERT-210m
* EuroBERT/EuroBERT-610m
* EuroBERT/EuroBERT-2.1B

The next step is for researchers to build upon the 3 EuroBERT base models and publish strong retrieval, zero-shot classification, etc. models for all to use. I'm very much looking forward to it!
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