Add comprehensive model card for encoder model
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by
nielsr
HF Staff
- opened
README.md
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---
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pipeline_tag: feature-extraction
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library_name: transformers
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license: apache-2.0
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---
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# Encoder Model from "Should We Still Pretrain Encoders with Masked Language Modeling?"
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This repository contains an encoder model, part of the research presented in the paper **"[Should We Still Pretrain Encoders with Masked Language Modeling?](https://huggingface.co/papers/2507.00994)"**.
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This paper investigates the effectiveness of Masked Language Modeling (MLM) versus Causal Language Modeling (CLM) for pretraining text encoders to achieve high-quality text representations. It demonstrates that while MLM generally yields better performance, CLM-trained models are more data-efficient. The research further proposes a biphasic training strategy that sequentially applies CLM and then MLM, achieving optimal performance under a fixed computational budget.
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* **Paper:** [Should We Still Pretrain Encoders with Masked Language Modeling?](https://huggingface.co/papers/2507.00994)
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* **Project Page:** [https://hf.co/MLMvsCLM](https://hf.co/MLMvsCLM)
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* **Code:** [https://github.com/Nicolas-BZRD/EuroBERT](https://github.com/Nicolas-BZRD/EuroBERT)
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## Model Description
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This model is an encoder designed to produce robust text representations for a wide range of natural language processing tasks. It is trained as part of an extensive study on encoder pretraining objectives, focusing on the trade-offs and benefits of MLM and CLM, and the effectiveness of a biphasic training approach. The model architecture is an `SLModel` as identified in the `config.json`.
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## Usage
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You can use this model for feature extraction with the Hugging Face `transformers` library. Since this model might use a custom architecture (`SLModel`), you may need to install the associated `EuroBERT` package and use `trust_remote_code=True` when loading the model.
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First, install the `EuroBERT` package:
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```bash
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pip install git+https://github.com/Nicolas-BZRD/EuroBERT.git
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```
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Then, you can load and use the model as follows:
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```python
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel
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import torch
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# Replace with the actual model ID if different, e.g., "AhmedAliHassan/MLMvsCLM-Biphasic-210M"
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# This placeholder assumes the current repository is the model you want to load.
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model_name = "<YOUR_MODEL_ID_HERE>"
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# Load the tokenizer and model, ensuring trust_remote_code for custom architectures
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name, trust_remote_code=True)
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model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(model_name, trust_remote_code=True)
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text = "This is an example sentence to extract features from."
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inputs = tokenizer(text, return_tensors="pt")
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with torch.no_grad():
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outputs = model(**inputs)
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# The last hidden state contains the token embeddings (features)
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last_hidden_state = outputs.last_hidden_state
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print(f"Shape of last hidden state: {last_hidden_state.shape}")
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# For sentence-level embeddings, common approaches include:
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# 1. Averaging the token embeddings (excluding special tokens)
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# 2. Using the embedding of the [CLS] token (if applicable for the model's architecture)
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# Example: Mean pooling (simple average over non-padding tokens)
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attention_mask = inputs["attention_mask"]
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input_mask_expanded = attention_mask.unsqueeze(-1).expand(last_hidden_state.size()).float()
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sum_embeddings = torch.sum(last_hidden_state * input_mask_expanded, 1)
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sum_mask = torch.clamp(input_mask_expanded.sum(1), min=1e-9)
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mean_pooled_embedding = sum_embeddings / sum_mask
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print(f"Shape of mean pooled embedding: {mean_pooled_embedding.shape}")
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```
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