metadata
license: odc-by
tags:
- text
configs:
- config_name: olmocr-bench
data_files:
- split: arxiv_math
path:
- bench_data/arxiv_math.jsonl
- split: headers_footers
path:
- bench_data/headers_footers.jsonl
- split: long_tiny_text
path:
- bench_data/long_tiny_text.jsonl
- split: multi_column
path:
- bench_data/multi_column.jsonl
- split: old_scans
path:
- bench_data/old_scans.jsonl
- split: old_scans_math
path:
- bench_data/old_scans_math.jsonl
- split: table_tests
path:
- bench_data/table_tests.jsonl
language:
- en
pretty_name: olmOCR-bench
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
olmOCR-bench
olmOCR-bench is a dataset of 1,403 PDF files, plus 7,010 unit test cases that capture properties of the output that a good OCR system should have. This benchmark evaluates the ability of OCR systems to accurately convert PDF documents to markdown format while preserving critical textual and structural information.
Quick links:
Table 1. Distribution of Test Classes by Document Source
| Document Source | Text Present | Text Absent | Reading Order | Table | Math | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arXiv Math | - | - | - | - | 2,927 | 2,927 |
| Headers Footers | - | 753 | - | - | - | 753 |
| Long Tiny Text | 442 | - | - | - | - | 442 |
| Multi Column | - | - | 884 | - | - | 884 |
| Old Scans | 279 | 70 | 177 | - | - | 526 |
| Old Scans Math | - | - | - | - | 458 | 458 |
| Table Tests | - | - | - | 1,020 | - | 1,020 |
| Total | 721 | 823 | 1,061 | 1,020 | 3,385 | 7,010 |
Table 2. Document source category breakdown
| Category | PDFs | Tests | Source | Extraction Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| arXiv_math | 522 | 2,927 | arXiv | Dynamic programming alignment |
| old_scans_math | 36 | 458 | Internet Archive | Script-generated + manual rules |
| tables_tests | 188 | 1,020 | Internal repository | gemini-flash-2.0 |
| old_scans | 98 | 526 | Library of Congress | Manual rules |
| headers_footers | 266 | 753 | Internal repository | DocLayout-YOLO + gemini-flash-2.0 |
| multi_column | 231 | 884 | Internal repository | claude-sonnet-3.7 + HTML rendering |
| long_tiny_text | 62 | 442 | Internet Archive | gemini-flash-2.0 |
| Total | 1,403 | 7,010 | Multiple sources |
Evaluation Criteria
- Text Presence: Checks if a short text segment (1–3 sentences) is correctly identified in the OCR output. Supports fuzzy matching and positional constraints (e.g., must appear in the first/last N characters). Case-sensitive by default.
- Text Absence: Ensures specified text (e.g., headers, footers, page numbers) is excluded. Supports fuzzy matching and positional constraints. Not case-sensitive.
- Natural Reading Order: Verifies the relative order of two text spans (e.g., headline before paragraph). Soft matching enabled; case-sensitive by default.
- Table Accuracy: Confirms that specific cell values exist in tables with correct neighboring relationships (e.g., value above/below another). Supports Markdown and HTML, though complex structures require HTML.
- Math Formula Accuracy: Detects the presence of a target equation by matching symbol layout (e.g., $\int$ to the left of $x$). Based on rendered bounding boxes and relative positioning.
📊 Benchmark Results by Document Source
| Model | ArXiv | Base | Hdr/Ftr | TinyTxt | MultCol | OldScan | OldMath | Tables | Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GOT OCR | 52.7 | 94.0 | 93.6 | 29.9 | 42.0 | 22.1 | 52.0 | 0.2 | 48.3 ± 1.1 |
| Marker v1.6.2 | 24.3 | 99.5 | 87.1 | 76.9 | 71.0 | 24.3 | 22.1 | 69.8 | 59.4 ± 1.1 |
| MinerU v1.3.10 | 75.4 | 96.6 | 96.6 | 39.1 | 59.0 | 17.3 | 47.4 | 60.9 | 61.5 ± 1.1 |
| Mistral OCR API | 77.2 | 99.4 | 93.6 | 77.1 | 71.3 | 29.3 | 67.5 | 60.6 | 72.0 ± 1.1 |
| GPT-4o (Anchored) | 53.5 | 96.8 | 93.8 | 60.6 | 69.3 | 40.7 | 74.5 | 70.0 | 69.9 ± 1.1 |
| GPT-4o (No Anchor) | 51.5 | 96.7 | 94.2 | 54.1 | 68.9 | 40.9 | 75.5 | 69.1 | 68.9 ± 1.1 |
| Gemini Flash 2 (Anchored) | 54.5 | 95.6 | 64.7 | 71.5 | 61.5 | 34.2 | 56.1 | 72.1 | 63.8 ± 1.2 |
| Gemini Flash 2 (No Anchor) | 32.1 | 94.0 | 48.0 | 84.4 | 58.7 | 27.8 | 56.3 | 61.4 | 57.8 ± 1.1 |
| Qwen 2 VL (No Anchor) | 19.7 | 55.5 | 88.9 | 6.8 | 8.3 | 17.1 | 31.7 | 24.2 | 31.5 ± 0.9 |
| Qwen 2.5 VL (No Anchor) | 63.1 | 98.3 | 73.6 | 49.1 | 68.3 | 38.6 | 65.7 | 67.3 | 65.5 ± 1.2 |
| Ours (No Anchor) | 72.1 | 98.1 | 91.6 | 80.5 | 78.5 | 43.7 | 74.7 | 71.5 | 76.3 ± 1.1 |
| Ours (Anchored) | 75.6 | 99.0 | 93.4 | 81.7 | 79.4 | 44.5 | 75.1 | 70.2 | 77.4 ± 1.0 |
License
This dataset is licensed under ODC-BY-1.0. It is intended for research and educational use in accordance with AI2's Responsible Use Guidelines.