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8,118 | 30,073,181 | 0 | Chicago Christmas Tree | States | chicago christmas tree city chicago official christmas tree located millennium park historically tree located grant park daley plaza first official christmas tree city chicago installed grant park lit christmas eve thenmayor carter harrison first tree foot tall spruce tree december official tree though still installed grant park michigan avenue congress parkway individual tree tree combination many smaller tree stood foot tall decorated light ornament beginning christmas official chicago christmas tree placed civic center plaza known daley plaza exception tree installed daley plaza year city continued use multiple tree constitute official chicago christmas tree christmas year tree constructed individual tree stood foot following report cbs chicago revealed erection frame construction tree cost city city decided away multiple tree erect individual tree daley plaza billed way save city money economic recession daley plaza christmas tree individual tree donated family palos height illinois tree cost reduced half tree cost erect decorate maintain tree one tree opposed multiple smaller tree could support weight many ornament usually adorn daley plaza tree thus decorated light first time daley plaza christmas tree chosen contest contest began july deadline extended none original submission met height requirement contest winner decided based result online poll chosen three finalist winning tree donated mchenry illinois family received vote chicago christmas tree moved new location millennium park official chicago christmas tree varied height foot spruce used foot tree used contest rule laid number prerequisite required winning tree winning tree least foot tall tree chosen measured foot spruce fir tree pine tree deemed sturdy enough addition tree found within mile km chicago loop location could safely removed tree used decorated led light tree topper lighted star foot fir used weighed pound kg christkindlmarket chicago |
8,119 | 1,211,329 | 0 | Christmas ham | States | christmas ham yule ham ham often served christmas dinner yule northern europe anglosphere style preparation varies widely place time tradition eating ham thought evolved germanic pagan ritual sacrificing wild boar known sonargöltr norse god freyr harvest festival centerpiece cold cut section traditional swedish christmas smörgåsbord christmas called julbord large christmas ham cured ham boiled baked coated mixture egg breadcrumb mustard browned oven american purchase much ham turkey around holiday season ham began mentioned christmas dish around started growing popularity holiday ham began promoted armour company part marketing effort novel industrially quickcured less salty ham baked christmas ham clovestudded diamondhatched sugar glaze became popular th century introduced glazed ham long popular long usually glazed stock sugar associated christmas sugarglazed ham become identified southern cooking also various regional recipe stuffed ham popular southern maryland particularly st mary county traditional stuff corned ham green kale cabbage tradition around area least year similar stuffed ham also sometimes prepared kentucky ham traditional australian dish feature table christmas day cooked served various way throughout australia many family adding special ingredient making important aspect christmas meal christmas australia come beginning summer many people longer serve traditional hot roast dinner serving cold turkey ham seafood salad instead christmas ham leftover often frozen make soup dish summer philippine among diaspora group filipinoamericans ham prepared christmas celebration ham referred hamón spanish word ham jamón hamón sometimes soaked kumquat lime juice similar confused hamonado another filipino dish include pork also served around christmas season list christmas dish list ham dish tidholm p lija culturetradition christmas family affair swedense |
8,120 | 22,416,976 | 0 | Christmas in August (Yellowstone) | States | christmas august formerly known savage christmas annual tradition yellowstone national park celebration includes decorating christmas tree singing christmas carol gift exchange according local legend early part th century freak blizzard stranded visitor stagecoach old faithful inn rather lament fact snowbound hotel guest decided celebrate christmas since looked like christmas outside story place blizzard happening shortly turn th century others specify blizzard occurred place story date blizzard th century prior creation old faithful inn historical record recording blizzard ever hit yellowstone around august given year fact snow yellowstone received given day august inch august interview older employee indicate celebration held prior actual origin christmas august story unknown yellowstone information specialist leslie quinn speculates origin based upon three factor first celebration christmas july popular celebration rocky mountain second august th anniversary national park service third existing celebration park known savage day quinn discovered article published park recreation department titled christmas come twice year—once home article gene mr yellowstone music quaw indicated christmas august celebration worked yellowstone according quaw small christmas july celebration employee would employeeonly celebration called savage day wherein park employee would dress santa claus park historian aubrey l haines indicated earliest reference employee handbook indication read f savage held annual celebration according august issue yellowstone weekly news july th celebration nothing christmas savage concessionaire employee old faithful held gala affair july known savage day several float entered long parade main street old faithful day concluded large masquerade ball evening haines indicates remembered celebration going back worked old faithful assistant district ranger nobody paid employeeonly celebration much attention however annual celebration known savage day become parkwide celebration attracted attention park concessioner national park service interfered service quality last year savage day celebrated yellowstone national park starting park concessionaire made concerted effort merge savage day smaller christmas july celebration trevor povah head hamilton store one park concessioner claim park concessioner deliberately created story blizzard old faithful inn obfuscate origin new celebration called savage christmas first publication came mentioning savage christmas – celebration held either july august august became permanent date quinn speculates two reason august date prevailed july one first tourist season yellowstone start may end end august celebrating christmas august became endofthetouristseason celebration second warren ost bellhop old faithful inn founder christian ministry national park acmnp started choir choir held first celebration august within two year acmnp forming choir old faithful mammoth hot spring lake area park intention performing handel messiah quinn reason messiah annual tradition early coincide christmas celebration would logical step short season prepare august date concert would reasonable may factor julyto august switch delmar j sicard iii author wrote article christmas come twice year—once home noted christmas celebration began take serious formal aspect arrival acmnp serminarians |
8,121 | 11,129,438 | 0 | Christmas on Campus | States | christmas campus annual event university dayton child invited campus celebrate christmas holiday become one nation largest singleday oncampus community service event university student buddy area child treat seasonal show display food event held december year day feast immaculate conception one largest event hosted university dayton student organization devoted preparing running event considered integral part campus spirit root christmas campus traced event called operation joy held child age brought campus part christmas party hosted senior class first event referred christmas campus held however meant celebration student beginning christmas break include inviting child two event combined child invited attend christmas campus child inauguration event current form jan founder christmas campus eleanor ellie ann kurtz died age kurtz ran event every year missed twice including due poor health event celebrating th annual celebration work event divided committee different duty prepare aspect event committee responsibility school outreach committee — bringing child event pairing dayton student child community outreach committee — raising money planning event service social activity within campus dayton community decoration committee — producing placing ornamentation campus selecting decorating large christmas tree entertainment committee — hiring coordinating professional act coordinating student organization run event part christmas campus finance committee — responsible monetary transaction christmas campus committee hospitality committee — coordinating invitation thankyou letter producing selling christmas campus tshirts publicity relation committee — spreading word event planning kickoff day held day event soliciting donation transportation committee — monitoring child travel campus uniting child adoptive student christmas campus alumnus event created extension original christmas campus work brian renai lowry first christmas campus held university dayton st louis alumnus chapter event spread many chapter ud alumnus association many christmas campus event emulate experience christmas campus child involved also raise money variety community organization ronald mcdonald house charity covenant house makeawish foundation boy girl club america work woman day magazine included christmas campus one fun activity keep kid busy holiday christmas campus web site new york time article christmas campus university dayton alumnus give child fort wayne indiana journal gazette associated new american college woodrow wilson national fellowship foundation bulletin |
8,123 | 8,605,635 | 0 | A Christmas Story House | States | house christmas story fka christmas story house attraction museum tremont neighborhood cleveland ohio thcentury victorian used exterior interior scene ralphie parker house film christmas story purchased private developer restored renovated appear film inside outside museum part complex four building devoted film open public year round screenplay christmas story based material author jean shepherd collection short story god trust others pay cash house appears film located w th street cleveland ohio film adaptation story director bob clark reportedly sent scout twenty city selecting cleveland exterior filming cleveland chosen higbees department store vicepresident bruce campbell took project hoping get boost sale attention filming would create higbees ultimately featured three scene film appropriately fictional boyhood home ralphie parker cleveland street name actual street shepherd grew exterior shot interior shot house neighborhood ralphie life filmed tremont section cleveland west side producer chose home proximity downtown bordered cuyahoga river valley offering view steel mill valley sequel christmas story christmas filmed eastern europe thus replica house others neighborhood constructed filming current owner building declined access production scan house surrounding neighborhood reference purpose december brian jones san diego entrepreneur fan film since childhood bought house ebay jones used revenue business red rider leg lamp company manufacture replica major award ralphies father film payment previous owner reconfigured house installing modern window covering original wood siding blue vinyl watching movie frame frame jones drew detailed plan interior originally filmed toronto sound stage spent gut structure reconfigure singlefamily dwelling transform nearreplica movie set restore exterior appearance film museum christmas story jones also purchased house across street christmas story house converted museum christmas story fka christmas story museum contains prop film including randys snow suit higbees window toy chalk board miss shield classroom hundred behindthescenes photo well one custombuilt daisy red ryder bb gun used filming addition house left museum feature gift shop movie memorabilia souvenir house museum opened public november original cast member attending grand opening site drew visitor opening weekend house open tour daily house bumpus house next door renovated available overnight stay november entire complex put sale november joshua dickerson year employee ceo house christmas story company announced new owner due licensing issue offical name attraction changed house christmas story mid official website red rider leg lamp christmas story house photo gallery christmas story imdb |
8,124 | 13,120,029 | 0 | Christmas tree production in the United States | States | first christmas tree farm may appeared early christmas tree production united state largely limited could harvested natural forest among important christmas tree producing area u wisconsin north carolina pennsylvania pacific northwest christmas tree production united state totaled million tree u one world leading producer natural christmas tree year pennsylvania top producer united state first christmas tree farm united state believed begun george e wagner founded wagner tree farm acre near pocono lake pa son sterling r wagner achieved recognition field forestry conservation wbe rail spur provided outlet forest product coal blueberry christmas tree annually despite early pioneer industry late percent natural christmas tree sold united state still harvested forest popular specie era balsam fir douglasfir black spruce white spruce readily available forest following world war ii tree began planted plantation change taking place well late early farmer began shear tree response customer demand denser tree market christmas tree united state began change number parttime grower declined parttime grower ceased operation others expanded operation became fulltime christmas tree farmer expansion occurred major u christmas tree growing region michigan pacific northwest north carolina number planting increased late continued total u production reached million christmas tree annually one specie scot pine planted number far exceeded demand product number individual farmer increased better marketing strategy promotion program developed helicopter became fixture large farm early grower used move tree field shipping yard u number christmas tree harvested u – million per year united state christmas tree farm covered acre km cropland accounted million christmas tree cut farm harvested acre km accounted total acre tree harvested year three u christmas tree farm acre km cropland production pennsylvania home american christmas tree farm state boasted farm oregon however acreage devoted crop acre used christmas tree farming total u crop valued million million attributed nation leading producer oregon oregon followed production number north carolina washington michigan million christmas tree harvested state north carolina second behind oregon term tree cut crop north carolina worth million north carolina department agriculture stated natural christmas tree harvested united state come million tree planted grower state oregon washington among important u state production christmas tree crop produced region consists douglas fir noble fir specie specie produced region include grand fir balsam fir nordmann fir colorado blue spruce norway spruce tree currently approximately christmas tree grown pacific northwest exported region california largest market pacific northwest christmas tree purchasing crop large foreign export destination include china japan mexico philippine oregon approximately christmas tree farm combined acre yielding million christmas tree valued approximately million majority christmas tree production occurs willamette valley region including benton clackamas marion polk yamhill county washington state approximately christmas tree farm combined acre yielding million christmas tree valued approximately million majority christmas tree production occurs western southern portion puget sound region including kitsap lewis mason thurston county year pennsylvania ranked th behind oregon north carolina michigan christmas tree harvested acre unlike top christmas tree producing state pennsylvania production spread across state several county jumping production pennsylvania leading county production york county southern border state south harrisburg christmas tree produced farmland philadelphia pittsburgh aside pennsylvania several u state great lake region key christmas tree producer two important production area michigan one leading u producer wisconsin michigan christmas tree industry worth around million per year seventyfive percent christmas tree harvested michigan tree farm exported state sale elsewhere christmas tree farm michigan covered acre estimate michigan state university educator put state annual crop still around million value annually estimated acreage number grower grand traverse missaukee oceana wexford county prominently area around near manton produce tree state lake city known michigan christmas tree capital tree grown across united state varying condition christmas tree grown u state including alaska hawaii u state alabama almost christmas tree farm average tree annually ninety percent alabama tree farm choose cut type operation allow customer visit cut live christmas tree around christmas farmer u state new york catskill mountain mark carr began journey two ox drawn sled toward new york city crop christmas tree tow arrived new york first christmas tree market born sold tree though christmas tree sold commercially united state since carrs journey catskills first american christmas tree farm established year later u christmas tree entirely harvested forest st century worldwide percent live christmas tree sold grown christmas tree farm market natural christmas tree united state began tumble oversupply late mids sent price downward harvest around tree new england considered many christmas tree sold around u opposed usual – natural christmas tree use continued decline next decade part due continued rise popularity artificial tree u state marginal number tree grown many grower driven business ice storm affected north american continent ontario quebec new england afterward referred storm century storm wiped much christmas tree crop eastern ontario quebec assessor ontario toured christmas tree farm deemed average around – percent tree plantation nonrecoverable grower received financial assistance canadian government united state percent home displaying christmas tree displayed artificial tree twelve year later abc newswashington post poll revealed percent u resident used artificial tree instead natural tree real versus artificial tree debate popular mass medium early st century debate frequent topic news article christmas holiday season early st century coverage debate focused decrease natural christmas tree sale rise artificial tree sale late early u christmas tree industry represented national christmas tree association hired advertising agency smith harroff spearhead ad campaign aimed rejuvenating lagging sale natural tree million u household displayed natural christmas tree slightly outpaced million home opted artificial tree year split dramatic million home using artificial tree million chose natural christmas tree sale natural tree continued slide sale natural tree reached million period artificial tree sale rose million million annually christmas tree production christmas tree production canada |
8,125 | 20,763,116 | 0 | Christmas in the American Civil War | States | process christmas becoming national holiday u began representative burton chauncey cook illinois introduced bill u congress u civil war – passed house congress president ulysses grant signed june civil war christmas celebrated confederate state america south however people nonreligious celebration frowned upon actually fined massachusetts also seen unnecessary expense thought day prayer fasting puritan lutheran day become official holiday five year war ended war continued rage christmas skirmish occurred throughout countryside celebration troop civilian saw significant alteration propagandist thomas nast used wartime christmas reflect belief war first christmas day war lincoln hosted christmas party evening earlier day spent many hour explaining capture confederate representative great britain france john slidell james murray mason trent affair lincoln visited injured soldier various hospital many union soldier received gift tad lincoln tad deeply moved plight union soldier taken father see gift mostly book clothing famous christmas gift lincoln ever received came december william tecumseh sherman announced capture savannah georgia military exercise also took place december blockade runner caught union navy two skirmish virginia maryland several skirmish confederate general john hunt morgan engaged famous christmas raid kentucky day morgan men destroyed everything could improvement louisville nashville railroad made along mile track bacon creek lebanon junction also military execution desertion soldier forced witness union force destroyed confederate salt work bear inlet north carolina south carolina skirmish union navy confederate artillery stono river near charleston confederate fiercely repelled federal assault sixty warship fort fisher several skirmish fought western theater war soldier actively campaigning celebrated christmas several way union soldier would use salt pork hardtack decorate christmas tree others treated special meal captain massachusetts treated soldier food turkey oyster pie apple however many soldier received special treat privilege one incident december union soldier michigan led captain dispensed food supply poor georgian mule pulling cart decorated resemble reindeer tree branch tied head unit celebrating christmas allowed december soldier one unit punished celebratory gunfire holiday actually gunfire funeral salute carol hymn seasonal song sung period deck hall oh come ye faithful mendelssohn hark herald angel sing still sung today american musical contribution season include came upon midnight clear jingle bell three king orient housetop although popular europe time christmas card scarce united state would enjoy widespread use henry wadsworth longfellow wrote pacifist poem christmas bell christmas day news son lieutenant charles appleton longfellow suffered severe wound november mine run campaign poem set tune waltham john baptiste calkin sometime since received established library christmas carol heard bell christmas day carol version include two stanza original poem focused war child christmas altered war present fewer especially devastated south marching christmas day author kevin rawlings note southern child worried union blockade one little girl sallie brock putnam plotted course santa claus would take avoid sometimes father side allowed furlough child said react father seeing near stranger excuse lack santa included yankee shot thomas nast used editorial cartoon issue union propaganda made several illustration reflecting war one christmas eve ran january issue harper weekly show wife one side praying though window one circle another circle show husband battlefield also prayer issue cover started santa claus would perceived future american whitebearded santa hand gift sock union soldier also holding jefferson davis dancing puppet rope tied around neck imply execution christmas issue showed couple back together nast christmas cartoon conciliatory piece showing lincoln inviting confederate soldier warm lodge hall full merriment lincoln called nast use santa claus best recruiting sergeant north ever nast one use christmas propaganda tool union side new york herald also engaged propaganda one illustration published paper included santa claus fuming could reach southern child due northern blockade confederate side richmond examiner described santa young reader dutch toy monger new yorknew england scrub hottentot nothing traditional virginian celebration christmas even war nast drawing christmas issue harper weekly depicting head several confederate general ulysses grant foot image centered santa war nast purposely made north pole home saint nick one else could use nationalistic propaganda like nast heard bell christmas day collins ace story behind great tradition christmas zondervan isbn herr kincaid louisville nashville railroad – university press kentucky isbn long eb civil war day day almanac – doubleday isbn marten james childrens civil war university north carolina press isbn rawlings kevin marching christmas day toomey pr isbn studwell william emmett christmas carol reader haworth press isbn |
8,126 | 75,604,448 | 0 | Cowbellion de Rakin Society | States | cowbellion de rakin society first formally organized masked mystic society united state celebrate pedestrian parade cowbellions got start young merchant cotton factor pennsylvania michael krafft began parade rake hoe cowbell cowbellions introduced horsedrawn float parade parade entitled heathen god goddess account cowbellion celebration christmas new year order myth striker independent society manassas club mistick krewe |
8,127 | 1,372,286 | 0 | DeSoto Site Historic State Park | States | desoto site historic state park florida state park located tallahassee florida consists acre land near apalachee parkway including residence former governor john w martin site intended initiate research education nearly four century recorded history beginning hernando de sotos use site winter encampment exhibit item found site governor martin house historical marker site read spanish expeditionary force led hernando de soto landed tampa bay area nearly heavily armed adventurer traveled mile florida mexico intending explore control southeast north america route de soto always uncertain including location village anhaica first winter encampment place thought vicinity present day tallahassee physical evidence ever found calvin jones’ chance discovery th century spanish artifact settled argument jones state archaeologist led team amateur professional excavation recovered artifact evidence includes link chain mail armor copper coin iron tip crossbow bolt spanish olive jar shard glass trade bead team also found jaw bone pig pig native new world historical document confirm expedition brought swine find provided physical evidence winter encampment first confirmed de soto site north america location de soto expedition traveled northward westward making first european contact many native society within two century southeastern native culture greatly diminished site first christmas celebrated would united state hernando de soto winter encampment anhaica florida state park |
8,128 | 6,545,151 | 0 | Flying Santa | States | flying santa name given tradition date christmas package gift dropped plane lighthouse keeper family along new england coast organization brainchild william h wincapaw floatplane pilot friendship maine well known transporting passenger cargo along maine coast frequently took air less ideal condition provide transport sick injured islander action responsible saving many life many flight mean navigation lighthouse beacon maintained keeper along coast great deal admiration men family felt something special done show much effort appreciated december loaded plane dozen package containing newspaper magazine coffee candy item small luxury could make living isolated island little bearable flew light around rockland area dropped modest gift lighthouse family well received christmas gift expanded program cover light station coast guard station throughout new england wincapaw initially consider santa claus title bestowed upon resident station visited soon joined route son bill jr author edward rowe snow snow participated program forty year retirement flying santa flight continued uninterrupted apart one year world war ii since helicopter used instead plane retired uscg chief warrant officer thomas guthlein retired senior chief david considine two people suit flying santa role today nonprofit friend flying santa established continue flight primarily way expressing gratitude work performed coast guard christmas event celebration category christmas tradition category united state lighthouse service united state lighthouse board lighthouse united state history flying santa |
8,129 | 45,236,064 | 0 | Fraternal Order of Real Bearded Santas | States | fraternal order real bearded santa forbs professional c fraternity american men perform santa claus member must grow maintain facial hair purpose agree promote positive image santa organization nonprofit mutual benefit voting member corporation based orange county california member nearly every state local regional chapter meeting monthly socialize provide peer support training membership due per year forbs provides comprehensive professional benefit package christmas community—including indepth background check provided company serf u department state defense well entertainment industry first liability insurance policy also defend performer false allegation abuse molestation protection range two four million dollar per member german mailorder catalog company otto versand put supermodel cindy crawford cover fallwinter catalog edition decided produce related tv commercial theme thanks catalog year santa going need lot help—and would feature ten santa bustling paramounts brownstone street set bumping one another delivered armful wrapped gift package shoot lasted hour take santa swapped story leastfavorite gig much fun decided get together lunch—after upcoming christmas season ended met final sunday january beneath perpetuallysnowcovered eaves clearmans northwoods inn la mirada california one suggested group needed name remembering casting call responded santa wanted must suit real beard commercial lead actor santa tom hartsfield suggested rather whimsical amalgamated order real bearded santa name stuck luncheon much fun decided meet sunday following year santa brought friend third year twenty casual lunch date continued grow following decade professional santa mr clause gathering january became known annual santa luncheon many guest attending event forbs founder tom hartsfield reached perhaps country famous claus santa tim connaghan hollywood parade santa response guest inquiry regarding purchase quality suit accoutrement connaghan invited adeles hollywood display santa wear soon led vendor invited short time entire support industry sprang support need rapidlygrowing claus community custom costumer belt boot maker reindeer rancher many guest traveling around country attend sunday luncheon connaghan began hosting meet greet saturday evening following year experienced expert santa started offering formal training form professional workshop seminar day saturday—and vendor faire became twoday event aorbs mailing list grown leader decided time come form c could begin offering tangible professional benefit name changed fraternal order real bearded santa began assessing annual due board director formed hn flu threatening year christmas season forbs leader struck deal center disease control prevention cdc allow enough professional santa get early vaccination able save nearly major christmas event nearly three decade organization maintained unbroken historical thread original casual lunch date—to use vernacular pledge allegiance reunion luncheon spring flowed entire modern professional santa world forbs celebrated th anniversary silver jubilee reunion covid pandemic raging worldwide forbs petitioned cdc early vaccination chairman ric erwin addressed advisory committee immunization practice august simultaneously forbs launched operation saniclaus provide member free personal protective equipment lead industry way safely serve public holiday mall shopping center encouraged separate guest performer using plexiglas shield others used chroma key greenscreen technology create family santa picture digitally one popular solution santa snow globe plastic dome spared parent explaining public health concern child simply claiming santa trapped snow globe elf magician accident pandemic unabated january forbs conducted virtual santa reunion inviting nation largest school booking agency participate demonstrate technique used keep public claus community safe preceding christmas season organization member popular recurring theme medium believe true story real bearded santa cinematic sleigh ride world forbs exclusive elite collection santa world santa claus documentary entire year life five realbearded professional santa clause find rest year like man perpetually look like santa featuring wrestler mick foley becoming santa hollywood producer jack sanderson document personal quest become professional santa mentalist jolly red elf largest paid gathering santa performer history cbi visit santapalooza investigate death professional santa scene mall christmas episode public radio exchange american life |
8,130 | 25,569,124 | 0 | Christmas gift (exclamation) | States | christmas eve gift exclamation traced back early southern united state derived tradition waking christmas morning rushing say christmas gift anyone else person told christmas gift expected present person saying present merry christmas common current seasonal salutation christmas gift equivalent expression used rural south also southern pennsylvania ohio valley west virginia later northeastern texas simple greeting recognizing birth christ gift greeting first attested letter thomas jefferson december mentioning grandson moment running cousin bawling merry christmas christmas gift etc dictionary american regional english dare provides citation variant tradition christmas eve gift tradition similar christmas gift tradition occurs christmas eve person told christmas eve gift expected present person saying small present traditionally candy nut dare trace first written us version christmas christmas eve holiday greeting |
8,131 | 3,253,893 | 0 | Grand illumination | States | grand illumination outdoor ceremony involving simultaneous activation light common form ceremony involves turning christmas light one older community event began colonial williamsburg restored historic district former virginia capital city williamsburg held year sunday first full weekend december december begin sunday event held following sunday williamsburgs grand illumination also involves firework based loosely colonial english tradition placing lighted candle window home public building celebrate special event winning war birthday reigning monarch example national event many candle appeared darkened window new york september attack recent time many city much larger williamsburg richmond virginia multiple skyscraper building decorated long mostly vertical string light common theme activated simultaneously grand illumination ceremony community norfolk virginia asheville north carolina grand illumination parade chattanooga tennessee similar event called grand illumination river oak bluff massachusetts marthas vineyard grand illumination one significant event summer immediately preceded community sing united kingdom grand illumination ceremony generally referred turning light occurs virtually town city throughout country christmas tree fourth july holiday trail light colonial williamsburg grand illumination williamsburgs historic district many photo norfolk grand illumination parade grand illumination river chattanooga tennessee grand illumination campground oak bluff massachusetts |
8,133 | 62,593,703 | 0 | I-17 Mystery Christmas Tree | States | mystery christmas tree living tree median interstate u state arizona decorated christmas people publicly known tree located near milepost approximately mile km north downtown phoenix arizona sunset point cordes junction foottall oneseed juniper juniperus monosperma tree decorated annually year famous around state unlike traditional christmas tree actually shaped like bush nearly wide tall decoration include christmas ornament tinsel garland stuffed animal bow flag topped silver star tree point terrain necessitated wide separation northbound southbound lane median foot wide median jurisdiction arizona department transportation adot said year one able figure responsible tree surrounded four water storage barrel plastic drip tubing supplement sparse natural rainfall area irrigation system also believed installed unknown tree decorator adot spokesman doug nintzel said people told know responsible said decoration placed thanksgiving removed new year day former adot district engineer retired said knew decorates tree honor request remain anonymous due danger stopping highway neither adot arizona department public safety formally condone activity median also patriotic decoration placed tree fourth july median often site brush fire ignited passing vehicle tree survived many fire august close enough melt tree plastic irrigation system tree seriously harmed even though fire burned surrounding vegetation scorched tree lower branch report say fire burned others say tree helped adot employee well citizen firefighter two adot employee say seen tree somehow survive tree saved august firefighter fire however left tree unstable decorate nancy loftis phoenix revealed family decorating tree explained ended tradition fire also expressed hope family would find new tree continue tradition dolan elli arizona official state balladeer since composed song tree named scrubby list individual tree roadsideamericacom scrubby sung dolan elli youtube |
8,134 | 46,474,192 | 0 | Jewish-American patronage of Chinese restaurants | States | jewishamerican patronage chinese restaurant became prominent th century especially among jewish new yorkers received attention paradoxical form assimilation embracing unfamiliar cuisine eased consumption nonkosher food factor include relative absence dairy product compared european cuisine concern german italian antisemitic regime proximity jewish chinese immigrant new york city american jewish habit eating chinese restaurant christmas common stereotype portrayed film television factual basis tradition may arisen lack open restaurant christmas day according jennifer lee producer search general tso turn th century new york city jewish chinese immigrant bound proximity otherness lived close proximity lower east side manhattan two largest nonchristian immigrant group nearly million american eastern european jewish ancestry living new york city constituted onefourth city’s population first mention american jew eating chinese food american hebrew article magazine criticized jewish community eating nonkosher restaurant particularly singling chinese food least chinese tea garden restaurant open heavily populated jewish neighborhood lower east side located close proximity ratners famous jewish dairy restaurant jew felt comfortable restaurant italian german eatery prevalent time period lower manhattan immigrant eatery usual operated serve community jew would open deli jew italian ran restaurant primarily italian german many place would serve german however chinese restaurant owner accepted jew immigrant ethnic group customer without precondition addition unlike many italian establishment lower manhattan chinese restaurant usually lacked christian iconography lack antisemitism chineseamerican restaurateur gave jew sense security chinese didnt look jew less american like immigrant group jewish immigrant seeking assimilate american life chinese restaurant gave illusion adherence jewish dietary law according law jew forbidden mixing milk meat traditionally excluded chinese dish however dish still treyf due ample inclusion pork shellfish according rabbi joshua eli plaut process cutting chopping mincing called ko peng cut cook ancient chinese text made food like pork shrimp lobster appear disguised thus appear safe treyf jew seeking assimilate american culture example pork hidden wrapped wonton looked similar jewish kreplach dumpling ultimately gave way many usborn jew rejecting kashrut altogether impractical anachronistic breaking rule kashrut eating chinese food allowed younger generation assert independence established cosmopolitan spirit jew also drawn restaurant oriental exoticism people immigrant jew child met food encountered america chinese foreign unjewish large majority jew saw eating chinese restaurant antidote jewish parochialism exclusive overweening emphasis culture jew many people tuchman levine spoke felt eating place unjewish showed could somewhat sophisticated urbane new yorkers restaurant unusual wallpaper eccentric decoration chopstick exotic food name generation jew grew new york initial eastern european jew immigrated wanted identity based cosmopolitan ideal emancipation jew europe christmas dangerous holiday jew night drunken violence sometimes pogrom jewish population jew stayed home safety america jew felt alienated want stay home tradition jew eating chinese food christmas date early new york time reported restaurant owner named eng shee chuck brought chow mein christmas day jewish children’s home newark year jewish american family friend gather christmas eve christmas day chinese restaurant across united state socialize banter reinforce social familiar bond engage favorite activity jew christmas holiday chinese restaurant become place jewish identity made remade announced according historian eating chinese food became meaningful symbol american judaism part ritualized celebration immigration education family community continuity michael tong shun lee palace talked issue interview new york timeswelcome conundrum christmas new york style restaurant close holiday case stay open serve prix fixe meal laden froufrou thousand diner jewish faced dilemma there nothing celebrate home place eat least want regular dinner leaf chinese restaurant phenomenon mentioned television skit jewish comedian alan king buddy hackett lampooned caesar hour sid caesar philip roth joke portnoys complaint chinese restauranteurs thought jew yiddishinfused english king english confirmation hearing elena kagans nomination u supreme court senator lindsey graham asked kagan previous christmas kagan replied know like jew probably chinese restaurant drew laughter medium coverage american chinese cuisine history jew china history jew taiwan kaifeng jew jew christmas nittel nacht jewish observance christmas eve plaut joshua eli kosher christmas ti season jewish new brunswick nj rutgers university press isbn |
8,135 | 24,504,207 | 0 | List of United States Christmas television specials | States | following list christmas television special partly completely originating u date network shown correspond special first telecast sleep ’til christmas november nbc day christmas nbc tiny christmas tale december cartoon network adventure candy claus december alien first christmas disney channel amahl night visitor nbc cast member stayed production amahl night visitor nbc allnew production amahl night visitor nbc allnew production babe toyland babe toyland babe toyland babe toyland nbc balloonatiks christmas without claus december fox bc special christmas hbo bear slept christmas nbc bear saved christmas syndication beebo save christmas december cw bell telephone hour christmas special – nbc benjis christmas story abc berenstain bear christmas tree nbc best christmas pageant ever december hbo bluetoes christmas elf brer rabbit christmas carol cabbage patch kid first christmas abc charlies christmas secret december syndication chipmunk christmas december nbc christmas adventure syndication christmas calendar pb christmas carol cbs christmas carol abc christmas carol cbs christmas carol tnt christmas elf christmas every day family channel christmas rockefeller center nbc christmas tattertown nickelodeon christmas syndication christmas raccoon christmas tree usa network christopher christmas tree december fox city forgot christmas syndication claymation christmas celebration cbs cma country christmas –present abc cool like christmas december fox cosmic christmas cranberry christmas december abc family deck hall syndication deck hall wacky wall nbc donner abc family ed edd n eddy jingle jingle jangle cartoon network edith anns christmas say noël december abc elf buddy musical christmas december nbc enchanted nutcracker abc family circus christmas nbc father christmas missing reindeer felix cat save christmas garfield christmas cbs ghost christmas eve fox family glofriends save christmas syndication grandma got run reindeer wb great christmas light fight recurring reality series –present abc guardian galaxy holiday special disney gwen stefanis make feel like christmas nbc happy elf nbc hollywood hound christmas syndication hoop yoyo ruin christmas cbs house without christmas tree cbs grinch stole christmas cbs murray saved christmas december nbc ice age mammoth christmas november fox nick time nbc christmas dr joe syndication jingle bell rap syndication jingle bell rock abc john grin christmas abc jolly old st nicholas syndication little orphan annies animated christmas little rascal christmas special nbc little spirit christmas new york december nbc littlest angel lollipop dragon great christmas race merry mirthworm christmas showtime milroy santa misfit mutt mister magoos christmas carol nbc moo family holiday hoedown mouse mystery nbc mr kruegers christmas nbc christmas special pb nativity cbs nick noel night b christmas night christmas syndicated night animal talked abc nine dog christmas noël nbc nutcracker cbs presented playhouse nutcracker cbs germanamerican coproduction changed plotline nutcracker baryshnikov version cbs nutcracker pb presented live lincoln center nutcracker ice several version nuttiest nutcracker cbs christmas tree olive reindeer fox online adventure ozzie elf pillow people save christmas pink panther pink christmas abc pjs unfunnybunny christmas abc poky little puppy first christmas popeyes voyage quest pappy fox promise raggedy ann andy great santa claus caper cbs red boot christmas reindeer cbs roxannes best christmas ever santa three bear syndication santa claus magic drum santa claus brother december disney channel santa mouse ratdeer fox family santa christmas crash santa first christmas santa last christmas santa magic toy bag showtime santa pocket watch santabears first christmas abc santabears high flying adventure cbs santa v snowman december abc simple gift six episode christmas snowdens christmas snow white christmas cbs solid gold christmas syndication spirit christmas stableboy christmas syndication star jeremy stingiest man town nbc story santa claus cbs soulmates gift light timothy tweedle first christmas elf december toon disney tiny tree december nbc tom jerry cat mouse christmas abc tom jerry santa little helper troll christmas express hbo twas night christmas abc twelve day christmas nbc ugly duckling christmas wish syndication housetop syndication boy band holiday abc merry cricket december abc pink christmas retail christmas december nbc solar holiday opposite special hulu wish merry christmas syndication wish wing work cbs wish changed christmas cbs wheres waldo merry xmas mix bear dance christmas eve december abc wonderful world disney magical holiday celebration abc yes virginia santa claus abc ziggys gift abc zoomer crew first christmas rudolph rednosed reindeer nbc aired cbs since cricket hearth nbc little drummer boy nbc frosty snowman cbs santa claus comin town abc festival family classic christmas tree syndication twas night christmas cbs year without santa claus abc first christmas story first christmas snow nbc frostys winter wonderland abc rudolphs shiny new year abc little drummer boy book ii nbc nestor longeared christmas donkey abc stingiest man town abc jack frost nbc rudolph frostys christmas july abc pinocchios christmas abc leprechaun christmas gold abc life adventure santa claus cbs frosty return cbs santa baby fox legend frosty snowman miser brother christmas abc family charlie brown christmas cbs christmastime charlie brown cbs charlie brown christmas tale abc want dog christmas charlie brown abc snoopy present auld lang syne apple tv u abc magical disney christmas cbs disney christmas gift cbs goof troop christmas abc prep landing abc prep landing operation secret santa abc prep landing naughty v nice abc mickey mouse mickey christmas carol nbc mickey mouse work nutcracker abc mickey mouse work mickey christmas chaos abc house mouse clarabelles christmas list toon disney house mouse petes christmas caper toon disney duck hall mickey mouse christmas special disney channel mickey minnie wish upon christmas disney junior mickey save christmas disney junior mickey christmas tale starstruck disney junior winnie pooh welcome pooh corner christmas pooh corner disney channel welcome pooh corner christmas sharing disney channel winnie pooh christmas abc season giving pixar toy story time forgot abc christmas story syndication silent night holy night syndication casper first christmas nbc christmas come pacland abc little troll prince syndication town santa forgot nbc flintstone flintstone christmas flintstone abc flintstone christmas nbc flintstone family christmas abc flintstone christmas carol abc smurfs smurfs christmas special nbc ti season smurfy nbc smurfs christmas carol yogi bear yogi first christmas syndication yogi bear star comedy christmas caper cbs great santa claus switch cbs emmet otter jugband christmas hbo christmas eve sesame street pb special sesame street christmas cbs john denver muppets christmas together abc christmas toy abc muppet family christmas abc mr willowbys christmas tree cbs elmo save christmas pb merry muppet christmas movie nbc sesame street christmas carol pb elmos christmas countdown abc muppet christmas letter santa nbc lady gaga muppets holiday spectacular abc upon sesame street christmas hbo joseph king dream shrek hall abc merry madagascar nbc kung fu panda holiday nbc troll holiday nbc train dragon homecoming nbc troll holiday harmony nbc bug bunny looney christmas tale cbs bah humduck looney tune christmas looney tune cartoon bug bunny carrot holiday special hbo max toy saved christmas star christmas saint nicholas story joyful giving meaningful life little drummer boy merry larry true light christmas beauty beet christmas tree train syndication twas day christmas syndication davey goliath christmas lost found syndication davey goliath snowboard christmas hallmark channel timmys gift precious moment christmas nbc timmys special delivery precious moment christmas list includes uk production shown u judy garland christmas show ray conniff christmas show mitzi gaynor christmas show john denver rocky mountain christmas muppets captain tennille christmas show johnny cash christmas special – paul lynde twas night christmas christmas special love mac davis rich little christmas carol hbo freddie freeloader christmas dinner hbo george burn early early early christmas special christmas dream nbc barbara mandrells christmas family reunion special motown merry christmas dolly parton home christmas john denver montana christmas sky dave foleys true meaning christmas special nick jessicas family christmas abc colbert christmas greatest gift comedy central jeff dunhams special christmas special comedy central cma country christmas –present kelly clarkson kelly clarksons cautionary christmas music tale nbc darci lynne hometown christmas holiday houghs kelly clarkson kelly clarkson present christmas come around nbc hannah waddingham home christmas apple tv nonsense christmas sabrina carpenter netflix merry christmas love julie julie andrew sound christmas carpenter christmas carpenter christmas portrait kathie lee gifford looking christmas kathie lee gifford home christmas kathie lee gifford time christmas kathie lee gifford need little christmas kathie lee gifford christmas every day jackie gleasons honeymooner christmas cbs honeymooner christmas special headin home holiday nbc christmas remember osmond family christmas special abc osmond family christmas special donny marie christmas special abc osmond family christmas special abc donny marie christmas special abc osmond family christmas special nbc marie osmonds merry christmas andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas special andy williams christmas show andy williams early new england christmas andy williams christmas washington andy williams nbc kid search santa nbc andy williams christmas show daily show andy williams christmas special happy holiday best andy williams christmas special bob hope christmas special bob hope christmas show bob hope vietnam christmas show bob hope christmas special around world uso bob hope vietnam christmas show bob hope star christmas comedy special bob hope uso christmas beirut bob hope winterfest christmas show bob hope uso christmas persian gulf around world eight day bob hope jolly christmas show bob hope christmas special waikoloa hawaii bob hope christmas cheer saudi arabia hope holiday bob hope christmas happy holiday frank bing starring frank sinatra bing crosby bing crosby christmas show christmas andre bing mary hollywood palace bing crosby bing carol together first time bing crosby carol burnett goldilocks bing crosby kathryn crosby mary france crosby nathaniel crosby along avery schreiber paul winchell bing crosby christmas show bing crosby sound christmas christmas bing crosby bing crosby sun valley christmas show christmas bing crosby merry christmas fred crosby bing crosby fred astaire bing crosby white christmas special bing crosby merrie olde christmas david bowie twiggy ron moody christmas year tribute program dean martin california christmas dean martin christmas california dean martin christmas special dean martin christmas sea world partial list perry como christmas program would always include christmasthemed program every year television series air perry comos christmas new york perry como holiday special christmas hollywood palace perry comos winter show perry como winter show perry comos christmas show perry comos christmas mexico perry comos christmas austria perry comos olde englishe christmas perry comos early american christmas perry comos christmas new mexico perry comos christmas holy land perry comos frenchcanadian christmas perry comos christmas paris perry comos christmas new york perry comos christmas london perry comos christmas hawaii perry comos christmas san antonio perry comos irish christmas mariah carey merry christmas abc mariah careys merriest christmas hallmark channel mariah careys magical christmas special apple tv special based television series regular timeslot episode colbert christmas greatest gift comedy central care bear nutcracker suite disney channel canadian production heman shera christmas special syndication inspector gadget save christmas nbc munsters scary little christmas fox pinky brain christmas wb peewee playhouse christmas special cbs puff magic dragon christmas cbs dragon tale merry christmas pb shining time station ti gift pb strawberry shortcake berry merry christmas merry curb appeal apollo genesis reading christmas medium list christmas television special list united state christmas television episode list christmas carol adaptation list christmas film christmas music santa claus film list halloween television special list thanksgiving television special |
8,136 | 59,225,309 | 0 | Little Drummer Boy Challenge | States | little drummer boy challenge styled ldbc informal internet competition united state avoid hearing version song little drummer boy duration christmas holiday season shopping period beginning day thanksgiving extending december christmas eve original game created group friend software company berkeley ca mids variation include competitive element alternative starting ending date game placed genre referred one writer test obliviousness version game avoid little drummer boy holiday around since mids michael alan peck launched ldbc specifically friend began play among game growing appeal increasing since attributed response perceived increase holiday music played retail space participant since able post elfies official facebook page showing horror hear song lose people either liked followed contest page facebook peck asserts hate song originator game ideal challenge holiday song avoidance hear lot much game impossible peck also considers really weird story based notion appropriate gift newborn someone banging drum support player peck published list toxic medium caused others past lose game nevertheless player reported winning version bing crosby david bowie disqualifies player according statistic peck collected participation automatic although reporting loss win voluntary winning requires hearing even snippet little drummer boy black friday christmas eve inclusive exception deliberately ambushed someone singing playing song result loss offender victim hand player may harass musician advance keep playing song parody song also cause elimination per blurred line rule player go public wearing headphone tune holiday music might trip version game avoiding little drummer boy central likely predate version advanced peck significant difference start end date one version example game begin christmas music first played store whamageddon similar challenge using last christmas song avoid littledrummerboychallengecom |
8,137 | 3,381,932 | 0 | Luminaria | States | luminaria term used different part world describe various type holiday light usually displayed christmas english term commonly refers specific type simple paper lantern made placing votive candle sand inside paper bag also known farolito traditional christmas decoration southwestern united state particularly new mexico cultural hallmark pueblo hispanos new mexico part state distinct heritage luminarias usually placed row along wall roof walkway form holiday display especially christmas eve electrically lit luminarias also used consisting string standard incandescent christmas light bulb covered tan plastic sleeve made size shape small paper bag northern new mexico luminaria also refer small stackedwood bonfire older tradition replaced extent paper luminarias resident region typically call paper lantern farolitos order distinguish two type illumination use word luminaria paper lantern considered incorrect new mexican frequent topic debate yet another form luminaria small torch large candle carried leader procession la posadas nineday holiday running december – nonenglishspeaking country italy spain japan luminaria used much general sense describe type festive light display including bonfire candle electric light name decoration longrunning item contention among new mexican written account indicating already familiar topic debate far back northern new mexico term luminaria reserved small festival vigil bonfire usage date back spanish colonial period paper lantern decoration called farolitos many traditionalist insist use luminaria mean paper lantern correct however distinction commonly made outside northern new mexico area decoration used generally referred luminarias luminaria spanish mean illumination festival light ecclesiastical usage lamp kept burning sacrament spanish word derived latin luminare meaning light source generally religious context light lamp burned jewish temple christian church colonial new mexico term used refer small bonfire luminaria loanword english first attested farolito common term northern new mexico diminutive spanish word farol meaning lantern according santa fe new mexican farolito apparently purely new mexico word spelling luminary luminary often incorrectly used instead luminaria luminarias use paper lantern christmas novena procession originates similar parol spanish farol tradition philippine use lantern made bamboo japanese paper introduced new spain via manila galleon early version actually small bonfire crisscrossed piñon branch built threefoot high square today luminarias made brown paper bag weighted sand illuminated within lit candle typically arranged row create large elaborate display hope among roman catholic light guide spirit christ child one home string artificial luminarias plastic bag illuminated small light bulb connected electrical cord also available common american southwest typically displayed throughout yearend holiday season gained popularity part united state santa fe old town albuquerque new mexico well known impressive christmas eve farolito display farolito display common throughout new mexico community new mexico farolitos prominent area major street park resident often line yard fence sidewalk roof farolitos similar tradition also found many part nation university new mexico albuquerque new mexico host annual hanging green tradition luminarias hot posole christmas carol new mexico state university la crux new mexico hold annual event called noche de luminarias early december feature luminarias across campus san juan college farmington new mexico organizes large annual farolito display recently consisting around farolitos displayed campus historic temple square salt lake city utah metal luminarias decorate ground near church office building church jesus christ latterday saintstiny hole punched metal create design featuring scene life jesus christ christmas message variety language luminary traditional bag shape others large can display since even added west valley city utah luminarias used light path walk santa held first monday december every year display feature luminarias american cancer society relay life fundraising event held u feature luminaria ceremony luminarias placed around track relay event spell hope stadium stand luminarias american foundation suicide prevention darkness overnight us luminarias end overnight walk memorialize lost suicide survivor luminarias also become popular california city boy scout troop albuquerque youth symphony sell around christmas time another form fundraising evensham street glenshire devonshire area truckee california local resident line street luminary see glenshire devonshire web page aerial photo mantey height neighborhood grand junction colorado celebrated luminaria tradition several decade luminary placed along road walkway every christmas eve many positioned atop parapet old adobe home champaign illinois luminarias line south willis ave springfield ave john st one night holiday season mount lookout neighborhood cincinnati ohio annual luminaria light night event began luminarias sold neighborhood resident fundraiser mount lookout community council galena illinois luminarias line street town one night december annual night luminaria village glen ellyn illinois luminarias line block taylor avenue christmas eve midlothian illinois luminaria set sold raise money local food pantry food pantry annual budget come luminaria sale donation city hall shooting kirkwood missouri resident lined street luminarias honor victim shooting year past year seattle community member placed luminarias along path beside lake washington north seward park place many along threemile stretch path placement luminaria timed coincide annual christmas ship festival organized argosy cruise southern arizona tumacacori mission luminarias placed around mission lit christmas eve people community go mission christmas eve walk along path church around ground special tradition community southwestern state arizona texas well new mexico luminarias also occasionally used halloween decoration sometimes featuring jack lantern face drawn paper bag artificial luminarias increasingly available holiday themed decorative pattern color brown festival light kobe luminarie december electriclight festival japan christmas light luminarias festival observed annually san bartolomé de pinares fredericksburg spotsylvania national military park annual luminaria national park service retrieved august |
8,138 | 25,531,822 | 0 | Luminaria (vigil fire) | States | luminaria rarely vigil fire traditional small bonfire typically used la posadas nineday celebration culminating christmas eve la nochebuena luminaria widely used santa fe new mexico luminaria loanword spanish entered english new mexico new mexico tradition luminaria constructed piñon pine branch stacked form cube similar style log fence log cabin piñon used abundant resin distinct fragrance pleasing many people new mexico fragrance christmas branch laid form box fire cast light heat least flame luminaria placed entrance home middle courtyard new mexico many traditional spanish colonial home central open courtyard large entrance gate luminaria placed gate traditional pueblo village entrance home rooftop farolitos may placed rooftop people tradition includes lighting new luminaria night la posadas nine night rebuilding lighting previous night thus first night single luminaria ninth night nine line leading gate traditional community new mexico single large luminaria ignited christmas eve evening meal mountain lookout light may visible entire community rarely use luminaria begin even earlier december feast lady guadalupe said related native american pueblo belief early th century missionary historian toribio de benavente motolinia described luminarias use native american colonial mexico illuminate midnight church service outdoor chapel rooftop christmas eve luminaria may constructed small brazier heat damage pavement stonework reduce risk fire spreading escaping luminaria typically closely attended expected seen admired passer community luminaria used accompanied numerous smaller farolitos paper lantern consisting brown paper bag containing sand candle contrast community new mexico elsewhere use farolitos latter community generally farolitos called luminarias generally luminaria used santa fe northern new mexico without farolitos farolitos alone used albuquerque southern new mexico spread part united state farolito new mexico believed adaptation parol paper lantern philippine brought new mexico via mexico general agreement farolito substitute luminaria easter fire misa de gallo luminarias festival observed annually san bartolomé de pinares parol |
8,139 | 12,709,349 | 0 | Lynch v. Donnelly | States | lynch v donnelly u united state supreme court case challenging legality christmas decoration town property plaintiff including lead plaintiff daniel donnelly member rhode island chapter aclu lead defendant dennis lynch mayor pawtucket rhode island annual christmas display shopping district pawtucket consisting santa claus house christmas tree banner reading season greeting crèche challenged court crèche part display since least plaintiff brought suit district court rhode island permanently enjoined city displaying nativity scene violation establishment clause first amendment united state constitution court appeal first circuit affirmed district court ruling city petitioned u supreme court granted certiorari chief justice burger delivered opinion court justice white powell rehnquist oconnor joined supreme court reversed previous ruling vote – ruling display effort advocate particular religious message legitimate secular purpose held crèche violate establishment clause based test created lemon v kurtzman ruled crèche passive representation religion insufficient evidence establish inclusion crèche purposeful surreptitious effort express kind subtle governmental advocacy particular religious view also stated constitution affirmatively mandate accommodation merely tolerance religion forbids hostility toward court ruled crèche legitimate secular purpose within larger holiday display celebrate season origin christmas long part western culture federal government long recognized—indeed subsidized—holidays religious significance example first congress passed first amendment enacted legislation providing paid chaplain house senate long practice federal employee released duty thanksgiving christmas paid court compared crèche display religious painting government funded museum addition crèche requires minimal expense assembly dismantling court also stated inquiry potential political divisiveness even called situation involve direct aid churchsponsored organization crèche displayed year problem justice o’connor concurring opinion offered clarification establishment clause read establishment clause prohibits government making adherence religion relevant way person standing political community government run afoul prohibition two principal way one excessive entanglement religious institution may interfere independence institution give institution access government governmental power fully shared nonadherents religion foster creation political constituency defined along religious line eg larkin v grendels den inc u second direct infringement government endorsement disapproval religion endorsement sends message nonadherents outsider full member political community accompanying message adherent insider favored member political community proper inquiry purpose prong lemon submit whether government intends convey message endorsement disapproval religion sometimes referred endorsement test law fails test found unconstitutional endorses religion religious belief way tell agree favored insider disagree disfavored outsider side coin would disapproval religion religious belief way agree belief told disfavored outsider disagree belief told favored insider justice brennan marshall blackmun stevens dissented dissenting opinion argued case pas lemon test secular display surrounding secular purpose celebrating national holiday could done without clearly religious symbol support one religion exclusion others giving one group public approval view even religious group allowed include competing effort religious group gain maintain support government may occasion considerable civil strife religious crèche also placed central location within display make even less court idea pawtucket including traditional image dissenting opinion also mention cannot compared religious display museum solely considered piece art religious symbol well government recognition christmas previously recognize secular part christmas spending time family minority also dissented noting believe message nativity receive unique exclusive benefit public recognition approval view creche provides significant symbolic benefit religion dissent argued effect minority religious group well may reject religion convey message view similarly worthy public recognition entitled public support precisely sort chauvinism establishment clause intended forever prohibit christmas controversy county allegheny v american civil liberty union endorsement test dennis lynch etc et al petitioner v daniel donnelly et al openjuristorg u october retrieved june gordon glenn lynch v donnelly breaking barrier religious display cornell law review hersman nancy blyth lynch v donnelly lemon test soured loyola los angeles law review – text lynch v donnelly u available cornell courtlistener findlaw google scholar justia library congress united state supreme court opinion volume |
8,140 | 34,206,591 | 0 | Meadow Lights | States | meadow light acre ha display christmas light near meadow north carolina owned operated roy johnson family land adjoining home oldest largest display christmas light eastern north carolina display feature light display several story tall alongside display mannequin depicting life jesus admission fee visitor may purchase ticket train ride light display johnson retired tobacco farmer began display hobby entertain neighbor child johnson built old country store parking lot sell drink candy carousel added official website |
8,141 | 20,894,434 | 0 | Miracle on 34th Street (Baltimore) | States | baltimore maryland miracle th street display holiday light take place annually block th street chestnut avenue keswick road baltimore hampden community display involves resident house block threestory rowhouses north side street twostory one secondfloor bay window south side started year namesake movie debuted take place late november late december location becomes major attraction visitor area display prominently feature christmas tree varying style train animated figure walt disney cartoon character hanukkah menorah artwork various symbol holiday season including sea santa frosty snowman resident renowned various display include jim pollock known hubcap christmas tree one usually displayed prominently lawn along snowman made bicycle wheel sometimes resident allows visitor inside house view artwork elaine doylegillespie known theme peace litup block th street seen maryland lottery commercial actor richard chamberlain seen publicly event event drawn criticism couple city resident amount traffic created vehicle passing block parking shortage caused visitor parking nearby street mank wumbleton known serving whole community giant santa sleigh filled christmas shrimp gumbo warm heart visitor extra police officer used monitor traffic however candy cane sword fight adjacent intersection child purchase hot chocolate entertained nearby street also complained noise caused crowd event noise pollution caused tour bus idling parked nearby street allowing busload walk along block participant criticized high use energy needed operate electronic decoration block resident continued annual tradition every year since regardless rise energy cost occurred recent year participant reduced amount energy use utilizing led light displaying artwork us little electricity according baltimore gas electric average energy cost per participating resident less per month case neighbor assisted trouble affording energy cost pulling extension cord house created concern fire hazard local news station warned visitor though people may stand block claim collecting tip energy cost display resident willing foot bill collect donation purpose however vendor legitimately sell refreshment nearby corner personal profit benefit visitor kamenko pajic photo gallery miracle th street baltimore sun photo gallery miracle th street block west th street baltimore google street view daytime view decorated except wreath one door |
8,142 | 3,649,461 | 0 | Moravian spice cookies | States | moravian spice cooky traditional kind cookie originated colonial american community moravian church blend spice molasses rolled paper thin reputation world thinnest cookie related german lebkuchen original recipe traced back th century cookie especially popular around usually associated christmas community strong moravian background winstonsalem north carolina bethlehem pennsylvania still maintain two largest moravian community united state although bakery still roll cut cooky hand use mechanized process making cooky order meet demand affect taste machinemade cooky criticized thin handmade counterpart spice recipe traditional wellknown moravian cooky version appeared year including sugar lemon black walnut chocolate variety |
8,143 | 24,612,090 | 0 | NBA Christmas games | States | game held national basketball association nba christmas day december annual tradition since league second season since five game played christmas unlike national football league nfls traditional thanksgiving day game nbas christmas day game fixed opponent rather feature best team player since current nba champion play game christmas day first nba game played december came year nbas inception new york knicks beat providence steamroller madison square garden – since nba played game every year christmas day except lockout canceled half – season contrast major league baseball mlb major league soccer ml offseasons christmas national football league nfl schedule christmas game christmas fall weekend even schedule game christmas occasionally national hockey league nhls collective bargaining agreement forbids playing game christmas eve christmas day boxing day celebrated canada statutory holiday though otherwise nonholiday day christmas united state season latter fall saturday break occurs one day earlier december – college football bowl game traditionally scheduled christmas defunct aloha bowl one year replacement espn eventsowned hawaii bowl game moved date specifically due espnabcs acquisition nba telecast including christmas day game thus nba league regularly schedule game december early day regional proximity dictated matchup team would usually play geographical rival cut holiday travel allow time family according dr jack ramsay coached portland trail blazer – championship season christmas meant home family game always perfect christmas set record coaching victory christmas day achievement phil jackson later matched early new york knicks put show three consecutive season one game halloffame forward bernard king scoring points—the ever scored player christmas day advent television excitement caused game nba decided schedule game holiday showcased best team player specific system determine team play christmas game official nba network broadcast nba meet offseason plan schedule game upcoming holiday christmas matchup usually include team played previous season nba final nba also usually try feature league reigning mvp well league best player example include defending champion season los angeles lakers played home cleveland cavalier miami heat could showdown kobe bryant lebron james time knicks played christmas day game team total – holiday recent yuletide appearance came defeated milwaukee buck – madison square garden knicks checkered history th win tied team christmas day loss conversely charlotte hornet active nba team never play christmas day scheduled play least since joining league includes franchise second incarnation charlotte bobcat played first christmas day game take place outside united state took place boston celtic defeated toronto raptor scotiabank arena toronto canada player participated christmas day player coach doc river played knicks coached celtic phil jackson also participated player coach part least holiday game coaching christmas every year exception retirement end – season th game christmas day lebron james currently hold record game played christmas day game many team player played day worn special uniform sneaker knicks wore third jersey greenorange alternate first used exclusively st patrick day game heat lakers player team wore holiday sneaker bryant pau gasol lamar odom wore limegreen nike sneaker james chris bosh wore holidayred shoe green lace team playing christmas day wore patch featuring nba logo inside snowflake nba adidas produced special uniform christmas game uniform feature particular theme monochromatic design big color chrometreated logo big logo stance provided christmasthemed sock game nike became uniform provider christmasthemed uniform produced instead nba team playing day wore either city statement alternate uniform – season team wore fifth alternate known earned uniform given reward making nba playoff snowflake patch returned back nba uniform however exception miami heat wore statement red uniform team playing day wore either primary association icon uniform miami heat best highest christmas day win percentage nba christmas day contest featured memorable game ever played bernard king scored point new york knicks patrick ewing helped knicks come back beat celtic trailing point beat michael jordan bull lastsecond jumper scottie pippen performed lastsecond block first showdown featuring kobe bryant shaquille oneal opponent occurred christmas featured faceoffs lebron james kobe bryant phil jackson becoming fastest coach win game happened december lebron james became alltime christmas day scorer point surpassing kobe bryant scored point result lockout christmas day also season opener espnabc analyst jeff van gundy talked day saying different opening day ever happened past christmas day game always big day nba unique situation combined unveiling championship banner maverick final rematch see lakers debut mike brown head coach thing going compelling rivalry also showcased game played day every christmas one featured game involving either new york knicks chicago bull two team playing twice bull championship season – would met third time lockout year neither team played christmas day bull first championship season second threepeat – nba showcased shaq–kobe feud since christmas featured game involving either celtic lakers team playing holiday every year since great pairing two team faced first lakers recent backtoback championship season – first meeting two team since final year home team – christmas game winning percentage home team christmas day better overall winning percentage home team regular season playoff since first telecast nba game christmas day date back league early year providence steamroller played new york knicks wcbs channel pm eastern time stan lomax bob edge called game fifteen minute later pm central time joe wilson broadcast game baltimore bullet chicago stag wbkb channel chicago first nationally televised christmas day nba broadcast occurred abc broadcast game los angeles lakers san diego rocket san diego jerry gross jack twyman called broadcast abc abc would continue televise christmas day game chris schenkel playbyplay abc period exception keith jackson honor jack twyman remained color commentating position bill russell took exception cbs broadcast game christmas day however game became household tradition cbs broadcast game new jersey net new york knicks espn broadcast game los angeles lakers portland trail blazer sam smith dick vitale call espn nbc broadcast doubleheader year christmas day except game played christmas day due – nba lockout continued abc took except abc broadcast one game three year – abc insisted christmas day game miami heat los angeles lakers kobe bryant shaquille oneal could play since abc took nba espn also broadcast game christmas day except since christmas day broadcast espn abc featured music video mariah carey singing want christmas carey added oh santa tnt broadcast christmas day first time marv albert mike fratello craig sager called game washington cleveland cleveland kevin harlan reggie miller cheryl miller called game dallas portland portland marked first time three network cover nba abc espn tnt produced game christmas day christmas day fell thursday year tnt given two primetime game part regular tnt nba thursday slate scenario also took place due nba lockout season opener took place christmas day year result nba gave tnt first game christmas slate contest celtic knicks madison square garden calling game marv albert former knicks broadcaster steve kerr albert also working cbss nfl coverage forced miss scheduled week game day also day abc broadcast dallas maverick championship banner ceremony pregame show marked first time nba history pregame championship banner ceremony aired terrestrial television network either turner sport regional sport network aired ceremony previous year unique situation abc aired nba tripleheader first time ever headlined nba final rematch lebron james cavalier steph curry kevin durant warrior would prelude final rematch resulted warrior sweep espn aired monday night football christmas night aired one game et tnt aired pm game network first christmas day game since however instead employing either marv albert kevin harlan roster game analyst turner opted use inside nba crew ernie johnson shaquille oneal kenny jet smith charles barkley game tnt sideline reporter kristen ledlow working sideline halftime since least one christmas day game simulcast espn abc abc originally scheduled air tripleheader however october espn announced five christmas day game would simulcast across abc espn likely attempt counterprogram nfls scheduling christmas day tripleheader across cbs fox nbc network programming spanning throughout day beginning good morning america weekend starting local time disney park christmas day parade airing across country et nba coverage stretching first tripleheader game philadelphia–new york noon et also featured alternate broadcast espn hosted stephen smith simulcast espn conclusion last game phoenix–denver et early december game went overtime abc affiliate gave local news department employee entire day christmas day falling monday nfl also scheduled monday night football day abcespn hold broadcast right nba christmas game monday night football decided espn air five nba game espn would also stream five game first time ever abc simulcast two golden state–denver pm et followed boston–la lakers pm et favor exclusively airing monday night football game also streamed espn would mark first time since abc televise fewer three nba christmas game espn also simulcast game espn aired alternate broadcast first game milwaukeenew york knicks noon et hosted wnba legend sue bird diana taurasi espn middle three five christmas game abcespn simulcast first last game espn current nba team several fan player coach member news medium support tradition christmas game player coach standard public statement christmas game honor chance play national television also reward great team great player game celtic magic amway arena personnel side referred playing christmas reward celtic coach doc river said like player always watched christmas day game growing said kid wanted christmasi tend look reward added honor part marquee game saying look privilege fact asked u play christmas mean one good team one featured team magic center dwight howard said didnt see challenge playing basketball christmas couldnt help play pretty good team play christmas enjoy id rather playing christmas sitting home wishing playing christmas like think fun lamar odom called tremendous privilege able entertain worldplaying tv game knicks coach mike dantoni said player fortunate playing christmas day help league andit help people christmas holiday doug white espn executive said christmas thanksgiving nba side obviously christmas day day everybody home everybody relaxing better way serve many game possibly canwe try put best game possible people interest jermaine oneal celtic agreed saying special whole world watching christmas special day everybody together spend time far family friend opportunity bringing family u make much special—the opportunity play front rest world together christmas family broadcast nba game commentator news medium agreed white said nature game played made christmas day best day nba regular season serve preview potential series playoff perhaps final recent year player coach complained playing christmas day saying take time away family orlando magic coach stan van gundy requested nba schedule game christmas day saying actually feel sorry people nothing christmas day watch nba game said day best spent family magic coach fined comment complaint side game miami heat los angeles lakers los angeles lakers coach phil jackson son two christian minister author book spiritual growth related basketball said dont think anybody play christmas day like christian holiday dont meananything heat lebron james said ask player league wed rather home familiesits regular holiday itsone day wish could wake morning kid open present others managed voice discontent still accepting christmas game tradition game bull knicks new york coach mike dantoni said adjust little bit open present oclock night instead oclock morning raymond felton said youd rather family still going celebrate like many player said fortunate played family attendance bull coach tom thibodeau said think honor privilege playing know tough away team particularly player kid thats part derrick rose said im going miss family hate away home job honor playing christmas nba erroneously criticized scheduling game detroit piston indiana pacer first matchup since brawl two team faced regular season game scheduled well brawl took place played higherthannormal security presence fan restriction prevent repeat occurrence game scheduled day drew similar criticism game miami heat los angeles lakers staple center marked first time since lakers traded shaquille oneal heat two team facing first time shaq kobe bryant would facing opponent nba schedule game christmas eve december allow player coach play christmas day family also family player coach participate christmas game normally attend game nbas christmas game garnered highest rating televised regular season nba game tv rating biggest christmas game often higher nba game outside nba final many u sport fan christmas serf unofficial start nba season usual start nba season occurs relatively little fanfare compared nfl mlb league consequential point season however rating nbas christmas game usually pale comparison nfl whenever league play game christmas day beginning nfl scheduled christmas day game annually opposed previous year league scheduled game christmas whenever fall weekend resulted rating decline nba holiday instance nba suffered recordlow average rating million viewership christmas day game whereas nfl game averaged million viewer eisenberg jeff december christmas tradition riverside ca pressenterprise p b |
8,144 | 15,541,402 | 0 | NFL on Christmas Day | States | game held national football league nfl christmas day december occasional part league schedule contrast thanksgiving day game however annual occurrence since thanksgiving always thursday christmas fall day week nfl held two divisional playoff game christmas day regular season spanned week period proved unpopular league avoided game christmas day since league played occasional christmas day andor christmas eve game certain year part week regular season end season christmas day game nfls history broadcast nationally two game played christmas day three game scheduled nfl typically scheduled game christmas day fell saturday sunday monday beginning league scheduled least one christmas game every season even holiday fall day nfl usually schedule game christmas day fall sunday normal slate sunday afternoon game instead played saturday christmas eve one christmas day game include standard sunday night football telecast christmas day fall monday normal slate sunday afternoon game still played christmas eve monday night football christmas night sunday night football telecast moved either monday afternoon saturday december earliest day professional football season typically ended near end november marquee game often played thanksgiving first week december depending team exhibition game would held winter league schedule standardized nfl championship game typically held middecember nfl championship game played december year scheduling complication brought world war ii first regulation nfl game played christmas aflnfl merger nfl regular season usually ended middecember nfl championship game held sunday two week later sunday fell christmas day december league preferred move following day monday december rescheduling occurred championship game american football league afl compensated differently championship game moved back full week played new year day christmas sunday offweek nfls championship game also held sunday january two week end regular season new year day available day since college bowl game moved back monday january year january fall sunday afl scheduled championship game monday afternoon december two league agreed merge play world championship game starting season afl game moved back sunday january first nfl game actually played december came merger – nfl playoff first two game divisional playoff round held christmas day first dallas cowboy minnesota viking second two contest played afternoon miami dolphin versus kansa city chief wound longest game nfl history length latter game nfl received numerous complaint reportedly due fact caused havoc christmas dinner around nation league also came fire quarter intruding traditional religious family holiday kansa state legislator proposed bill ban scheduling future game december result nfl decided schedule christmas day game next season required considerable effort year christmas day fell saturday sunday given ordinarily day would day nfl playoff game held nfl opened regular season week earlier would ordinarily case september second sunday month rather customary third sunday divisional playoff could held december instead december thus game would needed saturday december super bowl xi subsequently played january earliest date super bowl history christmas day falling sunday divisional playoff game held around holiday afc doubleheader saturday december nfc doubleheader monday december done one team twoday rest advantage conference championship game nfl allowed oneday rest advantage scheduling resulted country missing majority first quarter pittsburgh steelers–denver bronco game telecast beginning pm est since early afc game saturday oakland raiders–baltimore colt beginning pm est went double overtime ordinary schedule one game conference viewer would option switching channel using vcr case nbc simply stayed raiders–colts game except pittsburgh denver market overlap telecast nfl continued avoid christmas day even started extend length regular season playoff league expanded game regular season team playoff tournament regular season ended christmas day originally scheduled end sunday december year regular season extended sunday january day nfl player strike reduced season game nfl compensated extending regular season one week eliminating week conference championship super bowl nfl split first round wild card playoff saturday december monday december avoid christmas day game united state football league usfl survived play autumn season would featured first major professional football game played regular season christmas day usfl planned complete set four game christmas day usfl suspended operation prior season game never played finally nfl tried another christmas day game cincinnati minnesota pm est monday night football contest abc thereby avoiding interfering family dinner nfl pushed regular season back one week oneoff experiment meaning christmas day would fall last week regular season instead first round playoff league added bye week schedule making christmas day permanently fall regular season year since nfl played occasional lateafternoon night game holiday league schedule christmas day game starting earlier pm local time either participating team christmas day landed thursday last occurred game scheduled even though league normally schedule game thursday landed week final week season season extended since thursday night game week christmas next time christmas day fall thursday secondtolast week season league also played rare friday game christmas day considered special edition thursday night football league staged least one christmas day game season since even year christmas day fall day league typically play december falling sunday nfl scheduled three christmas day game first time first christmas day game since nfl expanded game schedule game putting holiday thirdtolast week regular season christmas day game consisted single contest sunday network fox pm et early slot cbs late game slot pm et sunday night football cbs game included alternate youthoriented broadcast sister network nickelodeon previously aired wild card game manner nfls next round television deal began run fox acquired right air special christmas day game schedule permit special christmas day game addition standard primetime game christmas day sunday night football monday night football year christmas day land day december landing monday league scheduled another tripleheader consisting national cbs fox game along monday night football second consecutive season nickelodeon aired alternate youthoriented broadcast cbss game december landing wednesday league told wall street journal december would play game christmas day fall tuesday wednesday however march nfl reversed course announced would two game played christmas game streaming netflix nationally worldwide simulcast local linear television station home market participating team franchise game |
8,145 | 7,887,130 | 0 | NORAD Tracks Santa | States | norad track santa annual christmasthemed program north american aerospace defense command norad simulates tracking santa claus said leave north pole travel around world mission deliver present child every year christmas eve program start december actual santatracking simulation start midnight annually december community outreach function norad held annually since although norad claim use radar technology track santa website merely simulates tracking santa display predetermined location information user program follows tradition september editorial yes virginia santa claus new york sun december united state air force issued communique claiming early warning radar net north detected one unidentified sleigh powered eight reindeer foot metre heading degree associated press passed report along general public first time united state armed force issued statement tracking santa claus sleigh christmas eve though onetime event repeated next several year program originated actual formation norad annual event december according legend sears department store placed advertisement colorado spring newspaper gazette told child could place call santa claus included number call allegedly came colorado spring continental air defense command conad center one digit misprinted version story call coming red telephone hotline connected conad directly command authority strategic air command colonel harry shoup crew commander duty answered first call supposedly told staff give child called later madeup current location santa claus shoup responded gruffly one child called additional santa clausrelated call came conad accurate description event appears november child trying reach santa hotline number provided sears advertisement misdialed number instead reached shoup desk conad however member shoups staff placed picture santa board used track unidentified aircraft december shoup saw public relation opportunity conad asked conads public affair officer colonel barney oldfield inform press conad tracking santa sleigh release press oldfield added conad army navy marine air force continue track guard santa sleigh trip u possible attack believe christmas following year legend annual event originated began change shoups version story gruff child instead identified santa claus spoke child phone shoup family later modified story adding child dialed red telephone—an impossibility hotline connected strategic air command enclosed cable one could dial outside—rather regular phone shoups desk misprint advertisement led child call rather child misdialing number flood call come child christmas eve rather one child november shoup intend repeat stunt oldfield informed associated press united press international awaiting report conad claiming tracking santa claus shoup agreed oldfield announce annual tradition born north america air defense command norad took reporting responsibility conad reporting became elaborate year passed december example norads northern command post sainthubert quebec canada provided regular update supposed sleigh operated claus identified undoubtedly friendly evening norad claimed sleigh made emergency landing ice hudson bay royal canadian air force rcaf interceptor aircraft claimed sent investigate supposedly discovered santa bandaging reindeer dancer front foot rcaf plane said escorted resumed journey eventually norad renamed north american aerospace defense command openly published hotline number general public call get update santa claus supposed progress norad relies volunteer make program possible volunteer handle telephone call per hour team typically handle email telephone call two hundred country territory contact happen twentyfive hour december mst december website called noradsantaorg established allow project access internet user norad simulate tracking santa sleigh also tell user exact amount present delivering moment christmas eve norad begin tracking mst even provides depiction santa predelivery ritual since december google analytics used analyze website traffic result analysis information program project scale volunteer staffing telephone equipment computer equipment need christmas eve volunteer include norad military civilian personnel norad answered phone call u canadian military personnel volunteered staff phone line volunteer staffed phone line despite shutdown u government december noradsantaorg website received million visitor norad announced would continue santa tracker despite covid pandemic would operate limited number volunteer answering call people try reach santatracking hotline would receive automated message depiction santa claus tracker showed wearing mask sleigh feature removed norad track santa program always made use variety medium telephone hotline newspaper radio phonograph record television many television newscast north america feature norad track santa part weather update christmas eve since program highly publicized internet presence mobile medium social medium become popular widespread method direct communication newer medium also embraced program layout norad track santa website web page changed present due change internet technology change partner sponsor particular year september norad started twitter account noradsanta part social medium presence people visited norad track santa site told could track santa google earth given link download google earth kmz file download tracking google earth app moved google earth web api norad santa website io android application introduced feature update interactive game similar christmas level angry bird season called elf toss midjanuary november one arrives norad track santa website one greeted message come back december track santa norad december one find norad track santa website feature available christmas eve norad track santa website video page generally updated hour midnight different time zone santa cam video show cgi image santa flying famous landmark video accompanied voiceover end season typically done norad personnel giving fact city country depicted voice over replaced music done u air force band voice over returned season celebrity voiceovers also used year london santa cam video jonathan ross voiceover ringo starr narrated video aaron carter provided voiceover three video since analytical graphic inc used cesium platform build map visualizing santa location accurate global terrain satellite imagery norad reported christmas logged million unique visitor website christmas eve volunteer answered call social medium twitter follower million like facebook year norad contracted bing map provide map tracking ending fiveyear contract google norad logged almost million visit santa tracker norad track santa relies corporate sponsorship financed neither american canadian taxpayer u military unit provided publicity program including northeast air defense sector new york air national guard u naval reserve navy information bureau nib fort carson colorado canadian armed force u federal agency national aeronautics space administration nasa national oceanic atmospheric administration noaa helped publicize service former first lady michelle obama participated program answering phone call according gerry bowler history professor university manitoba norad track santa program one modern addition centuriesold santa claus story stuck bowler stated program take essential element santa claus story—his travel christmas eve—and look technological lens therefore bringing santa claus legend modern era google santa tracker operation christmas drop annual u air force airdrop micronesia official website original website norad track santa santa news report holiday music selection lp archived august wayback machine produced norad directorate public affair |
8,146 | 14,569,032 | 0 | Nowell Sing We Clear | States | nowell sing clear previously fourmember musical group performs annual yuletide concert series also released series related album concert consist yuletide story music often include mummer play group consisted john robert tony barrand fred breunig andy davis replaced original member steve woodruff woodruff moved california tony barrands passing january recent performance partnered vocal group windborne credit first album john robert – vocal english concertina anglo concertina tony barrand – vocal tambourine fred breunig – fiddle harmony vocal steve woodruff – button accordion anglo concertina penny whistle harmony vocal breunig woodruff also appeared guest artist robert barrand album dark ship forest song public domain except one written bob pegg side one truth abovemasters hall – holly ivy – joy seven – king pharim – coventry carol – familiar carol medley – cherry tree carol – sussex carol – side two somerset wassail – boar head carol – diver lazarus – bitter withy – orkney new year carol – sword dance tune village sleight – rise jock bob pegg – album consists new year spring themed recording candlemas eve mothering sunday gabriel message morning merchant carol leaf life seven virgin lamb god dancing day sound drumninetyfive month may country dance medley trip parisknole park moon shine bright bellman song football match whitsun song come lass ladspackingtons pound northhill may song cutty wren six jolly miner medley long sword tune village grenoside ampleforth milford child day born shepherd watched lord dance praise christmas green grow rush gloucestershire wassail sherburne apple tree wassailthe derby ram wren king master hall star east carnal craneking herod cockthe miraculous harvest little town bethlehem leaping dancing sherbourne gower wassail kris kringle winterspring flower carol green growth holly morris sword tune medley carol new year day also known nowell sing clear vol boy carol cherry tree carol carol shepherd watched come sing hunting wrenthe wren boy song hill dale old christmasshooting recitation ram song welladay christmas lamentation boar head carol praise christmas rag dance song la guignolžepays dhaut rolling downward also known best of… sing clear song taken nowell sing clear second nowell nowell sing clear vol longer available separately child day born shepherd watched leaping dancing cherry tree carol sussex carol carnal craneking herod cockthe miraculous harvest coventry carol bitter withy holly ivy green growth holly winterspring rise jock bob pegg gower wassail gloucestershire wassail apple tree wassailthe derby ram sherburne original version kris kringle cutty wren orkney new year carol carol new year day wren king lord dance sydney carter hail smiling morn sweet chiming bell old foster holly ivy shepherd arise old christmas returnd jacob well march king saw three ship joy mary bitter withy carol creature hail happy morn cutty wren come awassailingwe wish merry christmas carol new year truth babe bethlehem first nowell cherry tree carol london blessing mary saw maiden chariot holly ivy joy world christemas hath made end ditchling carol time remember poor stevens family waysail sound sound instrument joy new year carol song public domain except noted carol christmas eve far away twelve day christmas six jolly miner sherburnemilford heard heaven today shepherd amazèd derwent wassail joy seven somerset wassail derby ram beautiful star bethlehem homeless wassail ian robb bring new year green grow rusheso song new year robb song public domain except noted bidding joy alison burns– master hall william morris – awake behold – old hark hark – saw ship addington burn – cold december – mummer night oshawa frank willis– apple tree wassail – new zadoc shepherd watched – holy holly – bethlehem – worcestershire carol – penny ploughboy colin cater – stay ill sing – derby ram go sea – door year burn – villager andy davis – christmas celtic sojourn – rounder record comfort joy christmas celtic sojourn – nowell sing clear official homepage golden hind music record label |
8,147 | 52,576,206 | 0 | Old Santeclaus with Much Delight | States | old santeclaus much delight anonymous illustrated childrens poem published new york predating two year first publication visit st nicholas twas night christmas first publication mention illustrate santa clauss reindeer sleigh well first describe arrival christmas eve accompanying illustration earliest published artistic depiction santa claus figure poem eight colored engraved illustration published new york william b gilley small paperback book entitled childrens friend newyears present little one five twelve name author illustrator known illustration reproduced lithographically first instance lithography united state published city washington irving earlier portrait santa claus knickerbockers history new york poem may directly inspired another new yorker clement clarke moore create modern santa twas night christmas gilleys book includes important element early development santa claus connection northern winter reindeer sleigh arrival christmas eve rather december traditional feast day saint nicholas accompanying engraving earliest image santa figure show santeclaus dressed red outfit first reference dressed color although red traditionally associated bishop robe saint nicholas might worn outfit shown bishop represent old dutch clothing saint nicholas described washington irving james kirke paulding santeclaus brings present good child first illustration explicitly called reward naughty child receive long black birchen rod whose use parental punishment endorsed command god list christmasthemed literature medium related old santeclaus much delight wikimedia common old santeclaus public domain audiobook librivox |
8,148 | 3,967,905 | 0 | Operation Christmas Drop | States | operation christmas drop tradition started serf training mission u air force since become longestrunning u department defense mission full operation longestrunning humanitarian airlift world supported local community guam primarily conducted andersen air force base yokota air base target micronesia drop oldest ongoing department defense mission remains full operation longest running humanitarian airlift world pound kg supply delivered operation give troop chance practice humanitarian aid drop may later expected conduct deployment volunteer andersen air force base including th air mobility squadron crew aircraft th airlift squadron yokota air base japan participate operation member guam community also help operation money raised operation sponsored activity golf tournament sponsored run well local business sponsoring individual box box dropped c aircraft weighs nearly pound kg contains item fishing net construction material powdered milk canned good rice cooler clothing shoe toy school supply container dropped water beach order avoid hitting local operation first conducted aircrew wb aircraft assigned th weather reconnaissance squadron formerly assigned andersen air force base guam flying mission south guam micronesian atoll kapingamarangi saw islander waving crew quickly gathered item plane placed container parachute attached dropped cargo circled witness first drop island agrigan said saw thing come back airplane yelling toy coming time island electricity running water island periodically hit typhoon first container failed arrive intended islander swam retrieve others discovered month later mile away operation saw box dropped island operation included dropping twenty five box iv fluid fais island order combat local outbreak dengue fever pacific air force delivered pound supply micronesian island japan air selfdefense force royal australian air force participated operation along united state air force japan australia provided one c hercules join three c provided united state jasdf raaf also participated operation december marked inaugural training event new cj yokota ab well first quadlateral event jasdf raaf philippine air force response covid pandemic micronesian president david panuelo opted th operation christmas drop according master sergeant anthony biecheler drop continue planned republic palau u air force taken extensive measure prevent spread covid delivery republic korea air force participated first time royal canadian air force participated first time operation christmas drop fictionally portrayed netflix film name film debuted platform november star kat graham alexander ludwig federated state micronesia–united state relation international ice patrol norad track santa u japan kick operation christmas drop despite covid tech sgt nick wilson pacific air force public affair published november httpswwwpacafafmilnewsarticledisplayarticleusjapantokickoffoperationchristmasdropdespitecovid official website |
8,149 | 37,905,274 | 0 | Operation Santa Claus | States | operation santa claus yearly initiative undertaken united state postal service started united state postmaster general frank hitchcock authorized local postmaster start responding needy child first one starting james farley post office year program invited child send letter santa claus elf road north pole member public may volunteer adopt letter letter adopter reply child may send gift adoption program used operate selected post office letter distributed volunteer visit post office receive letter adopting since adoption program carried online salvation army cooperation alaska air national guard use c hercules distribute every year gift child living remote place alaska christmas operation christmas drop annual u airforce drop micronesia official website usps holiday newsroom guide operation santa volunteer |
8,150 | 77,086,680 | 0 | Operation Toy Drop | States | operation toy drop airborne operation training event coordinated united state army civil affair psychological operation command airborne united state army reserve first organized sergeant first class randy oler operation occurs yearly december fort liberty north carolina addition army participant north carolina united state air force crew joint base charleston south carolina altus air force base oklahoma collaborated event operation largest combined airborne exercise world featuring jumpmasters nation including botswana canada chile estonia germany ireland latvia poland thailand american paratrooper may earn parachutist badge nation operation consists soldier donating toy exchange opportunity jump aircraft toy donated local charity distributed child christmas approximately paratrooper donate toy annually past soldier given lottery number chance drawn parachuting although beginning unit given allotment submit soldier name participate paratrooper sometimes dress fictional christmas character parachuting including santa claus christmas elf santa clauss reindeer grinch toy tot – program provides toy child |
8,151 | 63,177,156 | 0 | Richmond German Christmas Dance | States | richmond german christmas dance annual ball held christmas season commonwealth club richmond virginia founded shortly end american civil war oldest debutante ball virginia richmond german christmas dance founded shortly end american civil war city civil leader named popular prussian dance ball served way prominent family antebellum period maintain status new era dance one two premier debutante ball richmond bal du bois dance held annually commonwealth club private gentlemens club hosted richmond german gentlemens secret dance society debutante typically relative member society |
8,152 | 15,397,640 | 0 | Russian tea cake | States | russian tea cake kind pastry often eaten around christmas united state russian tea cake relatively simple recipe generally consisting entirely flour water butter ground nut nut variety depending upon cookie type baking rolled powdered sugar still hot coated cookie cooled european recipe rely upon coarsely chopped hazelnut almond walnut mexican wedding cooky traditionally use coarsely chopped pecan reason common name russian tea cake connection russian cuisine unknown speculated recipe either derived eastern european shortbread cooky may migrated mexico european nun may associated cooky served beside russian samovar tea urn th century part wedding christmas easter tradition u known popular russian tea cake mexican wedding cookie name list american dessert list russian dessert |
8,153 | 8,244,674 | 0 | Santa Claus Bank Robbery | States | santa claus bank robbery occurred december central texas town cisco marshall ratliff dressed santa claus along henry helm robert hill excons louis davis relative helm held first national bank cisco robbery one texas infamous crime invoked largest manhunt ever seen state boyce house editor ranger time newspaper county time wrote spectacular crime history southwest surpassing billy kid james boy ever figured marshall ratliff excon lived cisco tracked imprisoned bank robbery valera texas though ratliff given year prison sentence two year governor miriam ferguson pardoned one pardon ferguson granted—under lingering suspicion concession bought ratliff immediately began plan rob hometown bank initially planned enlist brother lee lee arrested ratliff pulled helm hill knew huntsville fourth man good safe planned crime wichita fall safecracker came flu trio pulled davis relative helm family man need promising large return participation period texas average four bank robbed every day response texas banker association announced anyone killed bank robber would awarded valued today currency made heist particularly dangerous undertaking four men ratliff knew would immediately recognized returned cisco since heist planned late december planned conceal identity disguising santa claus borrowed santa beard costume made josephine herron ran boarding house staying wichita fall ac greene book robbery changed name midge tellet fictional name appeared account since stealing car wichita fall headed cisco arrived morning december group entered cisco ratliff donned santa claus beard suit instructed gang drop block bank get car position plan park car wide alley beside bank met avenue main street gang would follow ratliff bank take money exit side alleyway door waiting car one day christmas eve one thought odd santa came walking street around noon child saw ratliff dressed santa claus surrounded answered question tried appear friendly nudged crowd toward bank able disperse child entering bank inside ratliff saw four men two bank employee alex spear mr jewell poe two customer marion olson oscar cliett received pleasant greeting hello santa respond distracted two fourthgrade girl entering lobby bookkeeping room emma mae robinson laverne comer bank patron mr b p blasengame entered bank pulled along sixyearold daughter france wanted see santa ratliffs accomplice entered bank pointing pistol shouting hand santa ordered teller open safe began stuffing money bond sack hidden beneath costume others covered customer employee ratliff grabbed money teller forced one open vault mr blasengame escaped daughter bookkeeping office alleyway door shouting robbing bank ran one block police department alerting chief police bedford cisco citizenry robbery according boyce house police chief ge bit bedford giant man veteran peace officer seizing riot gun started scene instructed officer rt rio redies george carmichael join chief posted front alley two officer took position back alley bandit realized bank surrounded gathered hostage entered back room alleyway door found two bookkeeper vance littleton freda stroebel bandit unable enter alley without drawing withering fire officer growing crowd armed citizen eight hostage including fourthgrade girl bandit used shield enter alleyway despite human shield fusillade gunfire began wounding four bandit hostage well robber gang made car drove town two little girl melee police chief bit bedford one deputy george carmichael lay alley mortal wound bedford died several hour later carmichael died two week later sunday january six civilian wounded four robber began getaway traveling south avenue hostage tossed roofing nail effort puncture tire posse machine tactic proved useful briefly soon realized almost gas tank punctured bullet simply forgotten fill tank long ride wichita fall cisco neared edge town pursued mob decided commandeer passing oldsmobile driven yearold woodrow wilson harris allowed drive family town lastminute christmas shopping father sat beside mother grandmother back seat gunpoint family relinquished car midst gunfire pursuer robber transferred loot hostage severelyinjured louis davis oldsmobile finally transferred new getaway car realize could start car harris cleverly taken key ignition ordered stop davis unconscious left car moved back first car two hostage later determined gang stolen cash nonnegotiable security would made largest texas bank heist date accidentally left behind confusion lawman citizen found bag loot abandoned harris car badly wounded louis davis three remaining bandit two little hostage raced south avenue swung east onto dirt road turned pasture dashing cactus mesquite scrub oak growth became heavy progress impossible robber abandoned bulletriddled car two hostage several mile town continued foot sheriff john hart deputy eastland county seat called long distance given news bank robbery piled automobile sped spot bandit abandoned car reporter including boyce house followed action another vehicle house account officer citizen poured section state manhunt western texas never seen soon progress many member posse horseback foot beat way clump tree searched high grass bottom ravine peered around boulder canyon one search party discovered overcoat bloodstained glove later citizen found suitcase pile bloodstained rag suitcase cotton gauze showing bandit entered enterprise knowledge might shedding blood unable find bandit evening set day robbery pursuit continued next day saturday december davis lastminute replacement group crime lifetime christmas day died gunshot wound received gunbattle bank evening christmas day three remaining bandit successfully commandeered vehicle driven carl wylie young driller forcing hostage drive seizure mr wylie father fired shotgun fleeing car shot struck son hiding night nothing eat orange offer injured young hostage helm hill ratliff stole another car released wylie vehicle wylie later reported authority bandit poorly due injury lack food icy sleeting condition next morning tried cross brazos river little town south bend young county officer spotted singleseated machine three occupant approaching bandit began backing rapidly road member posse scurried automobile car whirled rushed away car chase followed shootout oil field three tried escape running toward well involved firefight deputy sheriff cy bradford later served texas ranger bradford car rolled stop old betsy doublebarreled shotgun extra pair shell one hand bradford fired one fugitive fell bradford reloaded firing want caught empty gun turned made stand explained afterward bandit ran firing back shoulder bradford shot man went arose staggered officer shoved shell gun shot third desperado slumped knee got reeled disappearing among derrick ratliff hit fell ground helm hill although wounded escaped wood brazos river offered ideal concealment ratliff reportedly walking arsenal bearing fewer six gunshot wound six pistol captured including one took bank santa caught intense manhunt helm hill directed ranger captain tom hickman ranger sergeant lt lone wolf gonzallaus men posse including nearly officer pressed allow wounded men opportunity rest despite airplane assistance search team could spot fleeing men process two men wounded accidental discharge weapon bringing total number wounded eight excluding three surviving robber however trail eventually picked end chase evidently far footprint close spaced showing wearing long chase weak loss blood mark showed climb even small rise forced crawl finally apprehended graham texas december seven day bank robbery attempting find location rooming house graham man asked direction noticed pistol notified authority presumably exhausted two taken custody without fight hill captured three pistol helm four controversy surrounded dead bank robber reward start publicly legendary ranger frank hamer called banker murder machine attorney ratliff helm used mixed public opinion defense claiming forced bandit take desperate measure save ratliff first go trial armed robbery resulted life sentence helm pastor son stood trial ratliff given death sentence lawyer appealed hill pled guilty sentencing trial courtappointed attorney take stand describe boyhood orphan growing foster child gatesville state school boy reformatory criminally convicted minor also served foster care child jury gave life sentence instead death penalty ratliff faced another trial eastland county time contribution death two lawman lawyer asked change venue trial death george bit bedford transferred abilene trial death george carmichael transferred small town anson abilene jury gave death sentence anson jury gave second life sentence death row waiting death sentence appeal heard ratliffs mother gave windup phonograph stack gospel record condemned men passed cell way electric chair would play roll called yonder seven men heard impromptu death march didnt play henry helm passed cell way death chamber september henry helm attempted avoid electric chair feigning insanity followed lead harry leahy former lawyer condemned brutal torture killing physician unsuccessfully attempted ploy july took ten minute deliberation eastland county jury determine sane enough executed electric chair executed scheduled september family claim body leaving state bury prison cemetery convict derisively called peckerwood hill ratliff began acting insane day helmss execution mother rilla carter filed lunacy hearing huntsville citizen eastland county already infuriated ratliffs execution delayed long aggravated new development judge ordered ratliff extradited eastland county jail writing bench warrant armed robbery harris oldsmobile insanity ploy convincing attempt leahy helm led jailer pack kilborn tom jones let guard november ratliff escaped unlocked cell managed get hold sixshooter prison office fatally wounded jones violently fought kilborn jailer beat ratliff unconsciousness returned cell crowd began gather next morning nightfall grown nearly clear clamoring ratliff handed men broke jail dragged ratliff threw rope guywire two telephone pole intended hang first attempt failed rope broke fell ground second time however used stronger rope successful ending life man robbed cisco bank dressed santa almost two year earlier several thousand person viewed ratliffs body next day furniture store eastland judge ordered corpse hidden view grand jury formed investigate illegal lynching one ever tried ratliffs mother took possession body arranged funeral fort worth body transferred hearse transport burial olivet cemetery santa claus leading christmas parade happened pas promote store holiday sale reporter associated press covering robert hill trial referred jean valjean santa claus robbery eastland county jury sympathetic lawyer portrayal boy never stood chance orphaned eight raised gatesville state school boy served foster home boy well reformatory boy sentenced crime aging foster system teenager arrested petty theft pled guilty given twoyear sentence huntsville met marshall ratliff participant cisco bank robbery jury gave year sentence promised judge jury would make good prisoner first keep promise prison break common time—over three hundred men involved breakout alone robert hill joined three escape attempt captured time first brief break freedom work detail clearing field second escape two others followed bob silver popular vocal performer recently death sentence commuted life behind bar kidnapped male female student sam houston state teacher college forced drive houston convict kept car released student unharmed third break came joined dozen men sixtytoeightyfoot tunnel began kitchen work farm exited beyond fence lam eighteen month last escape captured el paso attempting cross mexico eastland county tried second time cisco bank robbery time murder two police officer trial resulted hung jury returned prison system complete life sentence attempt escape governor coke stephenson granted conditional pardon fifteen year life sentence first newspaper reference release came story commemorating twentieth anniversary santa claus robbery presley bryant reporter fort worth startelegram reported since november hill conditional pardon granted governor stevenson given two oneyear extension reprieve paroled rusk county parole board supervision board chairman mg wright henderson employed warehouseman construction firm smith county married three year stepfather acquired home joined church board pardon parole record advised governor pardon hill fifteen year life sentence last man novel santa claus bank robbery thomas goodman speculated decision result hill personal reform society need laborer factory farm many american men overseas second world war whatever motivated board recommend parole hill made best governor john connally replaced conditional pardon full pardon time hill died married model citizen fifty year report speculate changed name december presley bryant article already referenced included fact employer known identity since went work many people eastland county claimed relative present robbery lynching part local folklore texas state historical survey committee texas historical commission placed medallion site bank robbery cisco granite marker across eastland county jail mark spot marshall ratliff lynched first national bank prosperity bank feature painting cisco history includes depiction robbery boyce house first gather fact single published piece startling detective adventure magazine published article march jw sitton released first book robbery titled santa claus bank robbery fort worth startelegram called accurate narrative available abilene journalist ac greene published book mixed fact fiction called santa claus bank robbery screenwriter director john lee hancock starting film business wrote screenplay bank robbery lynching picked studio playwright billy smith wrote directed musical called great santa claus bank robbery performed cisco texas dinner theater julie williams coley included chapter crime independently published book die murder northern texas although several date align newspaper record coleys book helpful resource looking family relation bandit lindsay baker included chapter santa claus robbery book gangster tour texas researcher appreciate baker careful documentation photo map location key moment story tui snider released page book amazon called santa claus bank robbery true crime saga texas report following billy smith dinner theater play snider suggested robbery included blonde woman accomplice thomas goodman released last man novel santa claus bank robbery taking known detail robert hill speculating led reform house boyce santa claus bank robbery startling detective adventure march pp ff casefile podcast dec santa claus bank robbery podcast |
8,154 | 392,056 | 0 | SantaCon | States | santacon annual pub crawl people dressed santa claus costume christmas character parade hundred city around world event sometimes characterized drunken behavior sparking community resistance santacon began san francisco inspired mother jones article danish activist theatre group solvognen solvognen gathered dozen santa copenhagen hand item shelf department store customer present arrested staged street theater local prankster group cacophony society — grown earlier suicide club — aim make fun christmas rampant consumerism associated holiday originally called santarchy influenced surrealist movement discordianism subversive art current intended recurrent event however event occurred san francisco cacophony society event participant least two arrest santacon came portland seattle los angeles new york young san franciscan strapped fake white beard donned red suit led santa went caroling fifth avenue manhattan delight passersby since evolved spread country around world varying version interpretation event scheduled city including new york city london vancouver belfast moscow new york santacon largest estimated people participating event much smaller subdued participating spokane washington event also variously known santarchy santa rampage red menace santapalooza december article vox described santacon roving loosely organized event people dress like santa claus elf holiday figure parade around city varying state sobriety comparable adult party day like st patrick day halloween organized one particular group though occasionally dominant organization city varying degree cooperation local business new york city far largest santacon venue event criticized widespread drunkenness sporadic violence community board meeting lower manhattan resident complained neighborhood terrorized santacon participant december cover story village voice recounted santacon evolved joyful performance art originated san francisco reviled bar crawl drunken brawling vandalism public urination disorder new york city elsewhere resulting fierce community resistance disavowal originator event emergency room physician tweeted day dreaded er physician another tweeted nyc folk understand horror learning im working er santacon weekend article santacon gothamist called santacon annual drunken shitshow steadily devolved cleverly subversive barely tolerable time lock apartment day new york daily news reported event endures annual backlash new yorkers repulsed sight santa vomiting urinating street year past new york city santacon participant left trail trouble hell kitchen midtown manhattan east village williamsburg resident complained reveler vomited urinated street fought one source tension resident reveler come event outside city official organizer described nonsensical santa claus convention happens year absolutely reason saying website raised year new york charity participant donated pound kg canned food city harvest year new york time described event daylong bar crawl begin good cheer many inevitably end blurry boozesoaked haze drunken behavior disrupted part manhattan brooklyn led call event ended participant misbehavior curbed event monitored supported new york city police department community opposition increased santacon evolved village voice described daylong spectacle public inebriation somewhere lowrent mardi gras drunken fraternity partyan oped new york time eve santacon criticized sexism drunkenness xenophobia homophobia enough incident public vomiting urination fill infinite dunk tank said contributes absolutely zero value – cultural artistic aesthetic diversionary culinary political – host neighborhood quite simply santacon parasite business insider called event dreaded annual event frat house expat wreak havoc city dressed jolly holiday icon nypd lieutenant hell kitchen sent open letter local tavern said thousand intoxicated partygoer roam street urinating littering vomiting vandalizing tolerated neighborhood lower east side manhattan resident posted notice telling santacon participant stay away saying alcohol soaked father christmasthemed flash mob welcome take body fluid public intoxication elsewhere los angeles time reported see santacon way people live suburb come city ruin weekend prior santacon city authority demanded advance notice route pub crawl event diverted lower east side midtown manhattan complaint resident went east village part brooklyn originally planned santacon new york city long island rail road metronorth railroad new jersey transit banned alcohol consumption train hour santacon subdued previous one due alcohol ban train also increased police presence poor weather advance coordination authority santacon organizer said group aware backlash sought curb participant misconduct use helper elf along santacon route arrest santacon new york city far fewer summons issued visible police presence poor weather credited decrease complaint crowd public drunkenness continued santa would less take east village – visiting bar affiliation santacon whatsoever angering patron establishment interest caught debauchery community leader bushwick brooklyn banded together block santacon organizer announced intent move event neighborhood rafael espinal jr city councilman representing bushwick urged bar refrain participating event boycott santacon website launched opponent bar said would refuse entry santacon participant new york city park department refused issue permit use local park leading organizer cancel plan santacon bushwick withdrawal bushwick opposition community board representing lower east side hell kitchen event rescheduled december bar midtown manhattan event organizer hired norman siegel civil right attorney defend right express within parameter first amendment santacon coincided demonstration manhattan police brutality sparked michael brown eric garner case police arrested participant handed summons santacon took place december summons offense included carrying open container disorderly conduct public urination one participant arrested assault one possession weapon three drug possession anticipation santacon scheduled december metronorth railroad banned alcohol train station event scheduled take place midtown manhattan east village flatiron district hundred summons handed police arrest new york daily news reported pub crawl left trail vomit destruction throughout east village one bar robbed vandalized santacon participant new york city santacon took place december steppedup police presence hour liquor ban long island rail road train curbed disorder police reported one arrest two arrest summons reported santacon dec bar time square midtown chelsea east village long island railroad metronorth new jersey transit banned alcohol train day citizen campaign launched ban future santacons city plan santa party boat disapproved three new york legislator raised concern marina operator new york city santacon website stated would officially sanctioned new york santacon event due covid pandemic event returned th annual santacon took place december santacon hoboken new jersey people arrested taken hospital arrested including two aggravated assault police officer one sexual offense hobokens mayor ravi bhalla said santacon remains detriment city hoboken would continue explore way mitigate impact future ‘con’ events” hoboken santacon eight person arrested summons issued call assistance twenty person hospitalized alcoholrelated issue police chief ken ferrante said event sanctioned city cost extra police manpower said purported charitable purpose sham saint paul lowertown santacon first held lowertown historic district saint paul minnesota organized local artist featuring roving brass band playing christmas carol first several year pub crawl selfdescribed half spectacle half pub crawl half flash mob—that’s one half things—in historic former art district lowertown saint paul mn unlike infamous new york santacon smaller event avoided negative press welcomed local community even included family friendly first stop route child meet costumed krampus portland oregon santacon organized cacophony society originated santacon city sought recapture event root oregonian commented massively popular new york santacon made bold statement first amendment right saturday portland santacons statement went back charmingly subversive attitude started santacon organizer said city san francisco sanction event event went despite city objection concerned safety crowd control permit issued crowd thinner past event held subsequent year pub crawl santacon information |
8,155 | 43,768,937 | 0 | Sisters at Heart | States | sister heart thirteenth episode seventh season th episode overall american broadcasting company abc fantasy television sitcom bewitched christmas episode aired abc december following december narrative follows lisa wilson venetta rogers africanamerican girl visit friend tabitha stephen erin murphy white girl meanwhile tabithas father darrin stephen dick sargent work advertising agency fails land milliondollar account toy company owner mr brockway parley baer mr brockway racist incorrectly belief darrin married lisas mother dorothy janee michelle attempt convince mr brockway overcome bigotry darrins wife samantha elizabeth montgomery witch cast spell mr brockway see everyone including black skin story sister heart written africanamerican student tenth grade english class jefferson high school montgomery husband william asher director episode student visit set bewitched student school unable read write comprehend high school level reading third grade level student reading level much higher sargent said student might stuck ghetto rest life loved bewitched little approval motivation came alive set montgomery considered sister heart favorite episode series said created true spirit christmas conceived image innocence filled truth episode received governor award rd primetime emmy award ceremony montgomery biographer herbie pilato wrote episode series clearly represented cry prejudice sister heart critic walter metz praised ashers choice camera angle denounced episode liberalism excessively sentimental simplistic keith wilson marshall wife dorothy janee michelle daughter lisa venetta rogers keiths bos larry tate david white visit home stephen family lisa spend day keith away business trip larry wilson africanamerican character white including stephen family darrin dick sargent wife samantha elizabeth montgomery daughter tabitha erin murphy son adam david lawrence tabitha glad able spend day lisa say temporarily sister darrin another larrys employee advertising agency mcmann tate darrin trying land milliondollar account mr brockway parley baer owns toy company mr brockway visit stephen residence unannounced find darrin dark secret mr brockway arrives samantha tends adam upstairs lisa answer door lisa say father work mcmann tate tabithas sister mr brockway leaf saying seen enough samantha take child park another child tell lisa tabitha cannot sister different skin color arrive home tabitha cast spell lisa tabithas skin black spot lisas skin white spot lisa discovers tabitha samantha witch samantha find two girl polkadotted tell tabitha reverse spell tabitha unsuccessfully try eventually samantha realizes tabithas attempt unsuccessful tabitha subconsciously want spot remain lisa continue sister samantha tell girl difference appearance wont prevent sister tabitha successfully revers spell lisas parent arrive pick lisa larry tell darrin mr brockway insisted darrin removed account darrin samantha host christmas party larry keith dorothy attend mr brockway arrives present child black baby doll lisa white baby doll tabitha panda bear adam unsure side family take see darrin dorothy standing together assumes married mr brockway realizes mistake darrin instead married samantha mr brockway tell larry willing allow darrin back account discovering mr brockway initially unwilling thought darrin married africanamerican woman larry reject mr brockways offer mr brockway express disbelief anyone would reject lucrative account witchcraft samantha cause mr brockway see everyone room including black skin christmas day wilson visiting stephen mr brockway arrives apologizes previous action repents racism samantha invite mr brockway join christmas dinner integrated turkey accepts marcella saunders yearold teacher jefferson high school los angeles found ninthgrade student unable read short story poetry class textbook thought student familiar television poetry short story would success teaching student taught way television series found student liked bewitched room julia contacted corresponding television studio tell idea bewitched responded gained audience montgomery husband william asher saunders told couple student school unable read write comprehend high school level reading third grade level student reading level much higher less reading ninth grade level saunders added bewitched student favorite television series concern student saunders english class montgomery asher invited saunders class africanamerican student visit set bewitched many teenager tenth grade financial mean make way hollywood montgomery asher paid class transported back chartered bus student impressed visit later collaborated write teleplay bewitched episode saunders supervision teleplay called sister heart christmas presented montgomery asher teleplay giftwrapped montgomery asher impressed quality script montgomery later said weve bad script submitted professional writer werent well written creative asher told barbara avedon student script saying needed little reworking asked would help student rewrite avedon written donna reed show regular writer bewitched accepted request avedon visited jefferson high school later said experience horrified locker door hanging hinge wasnt blade grass sight avedon expressed amazement script student produced helped revise expand length would sustain full halfhour episode promised student change would made script unless approved recommendation story reformulated christmas episode suggested script imbued spirit said one student indicated desire write bewitched series deal miscegenation way marriage witch mortal final script credited teleplay avedon asher story student listed screen alphabetical order student attended production rehearsal meeting episode government california gave jefferson high school grant support program allow student part filming postproduction episode film production company screen gem joined montgomery asher making donation program well student donated money received writing episode foundation keep program going two trip organized bringing total fifty jefferson high school student set bewitched asher sent copy thirty script bewitched episode school use classroom saunders found program great success saying kid could never write writing three page kid could read doubling script fighting would able play lead asher also expressed pleasure program success recommended white businesspeople invite minority group life sargent considered saunders main reason success program saying interested innovative form teaching kid might stuck ghetto rest life loved bewitched little approval motivation came alive set asher produced directed episode high school student granted role assistant director one point screamed quiet set memory sargent later recalled fondly scene samantha cast spell make mr brockway see everyone black skin white actor including sargent white appeared blackface name mr brockways toy company never mentioned samanthas statement end episode integrated turkey white meat dark repeated spike lee film shes gotta final shot episode zoom scene samantha darrin kissing reveal french door back house silent night play background shot episode bewitched depict interior house perspective backyard sister heart episode series lisa appears seven year acting together sister heart montgomery baer appeared together episode cbs television series rawhide called incident el crucero aired pilot episode bewitched preproduction montgomery appeared merv griffin show promote sister heart thereby making one three talk show appearance career griffin left network cbs wiped episode merv griffin show produced copy episode featuring montgomery promotion sister heart later discovered became known relevant kinescope master tape survived endorsed meat production company oscar mayer sister heart halfhour color episode aired december th episode bewitched aired introduction conclusion episode montgomery briefly spoke camera episode saying created true spirit christmas conceived image innocence filled truth abc aired episode december unlike many episode season neither remake episode previous season part salem massachusetts story arc filmed area thcentury salem witch trial took place marshall made guest appearance sister heart keith wilson known role land giant janee michelle portrayed dorothy wilson sister heart later became best known role horror film house skull mountain sister heart montgomery favorite episode series reflecting episode said yeah want bewitched sony picture home entertainment eventually released episode vhs collection called bewitched christmas june episode screened salem first entry art politics elizabeth montgomery filmwatching discussion group met first church salem sister heart received governor award rd primetime emmy award ceremony montgomery biographer herbie pilato wrote theme overcoming prejudice central bewitched prominence marriage witch mortal episode series clearly represented cry prejudice holiday story sister heart reviewer australian newspaper daily liberal wrote sister heart thoughtful argued sole episode series simply lightweight offering reflective united state postwar society new consumerism advertising seventh season bewitched released dvd dvd talk reviewer paul mavis wrote sister heart overt message episode season praised actor performance episode wrote episode obviousyeteffective critique racism whats highly ironic sister heart today would likely dubbed politically incorrect insensitive cast wear blackface one point hal erickson allmovie called episode refreshingly free patronization usually attended racially sensitive tv episode period book bewitched critic walter metz writes sister heart exemplifies liberalism endorsed series argues excessively sentimental simplistic praise asher skillful understanding film aesthetic calling particular attention ashers choice camera angle scene mr brockway first meet lisa metz argues stephen foyer important location series importance exemplified episode scene mr brockways first encounter lisa well epilogue mr brockway revisits house apologizes prior racism metz criticizes mr brockways magically found softheartedness paternalistic approach liberal racial tolerance implies white patriarch cultural authority declare racism wrong metz argues episode problematically figure samantha protector provider black people role say samantha also fill samantha keyboard another bewitched episode specific bibliography crump william christmas encyclopedia ed mcfarland company isbn erickson allen g reading innovation american school kendallhunt publishing isbn martin charles white african american body cultural literary exploration rutgers university press isbn mccann bob encyclopedia african american actress film television mcfarland company isbn metz walter bewitched wayne state university press isbn pilato herbie j bewitched forever immortal companion television magical supernatural situation comedy ed summit publishing group isbn pilato herbie j twitch upon star bewitched life career elizabeth montgomery rowman littlefield isbn pilato herbie j essential elizabeth montgomery guide magical performance rowman littlefield isbn sister heart allmovie sister heart imdb |
8,156 | 63,213,396 | 0 | Society for the Prevention of Useless Giving | States | society prevention useless giving spug campaign group new york pointless gift christmas particularly exploitation junior employee supervisor founded actress socialite eleanor robson belmont anne morgan daughter jp morgan along dozen woman new york city lady rich philanthropically inclined improving lot working woman new york spug established response woman perceived unnecessary christmasrelated materialism well era’s custom employee giving gift boss higherups exchange workplace favour frequently gift given expensive costing two weeks’ worth wage would negatively affected female employee greater degree male counterpart woman found spend time money gift experience higher degree gender expectation social pressure around gifting group grew member rally held spug promoted female solidarity even class division lingered giving occasion air maternalistic charity sisterhood spug membership initially restricted woman however men later permitted join primarily result president theodore roosevelt december became first “man spug” promoting hundred others join movement reduce christmas gift giving “i believe group accomplish individual cannot—namely gradual substitution right spirit christmas giving place custom ‘collective’ ‘exchange’ present exists today” read society membership card roosevelt signed “i agree pay c year due wear campaign spug button” christmas society stalled result war erupted europe drew attention spug founder belmont morgan recent year spugs opposition consumerist trivia found favor |
8,157 | 3,391,767 | 0 | Teddy bear toss | States | teddy bear toss popular christmas season promotion common junior ice hockey minor league hockey game fan encouraged bring teddy bear stuffed toy game throw onto ice home team score first goal toy gathered donated present hospital charity many case player personally donate bear child area hospital hershey bear claim record stuffed toy single hockey game promotion spread sport including basketball soccer across globe europe australia polish football club jagiellonia białystok claim world record stuffed toy sporting event event encourages spectator bring teddy bear stuffed toy game throw onto ice home team score first goal toy gathered donated present hospital charity many case player personally donate bear child area hospital concept originated kamloops blazer thanks marketing director larson first recorded teddy bear toss occurred december goal brad lukowich prompted fan throw bear onto ice tradition spread quickly canadian hockey league around world excluding national hockey league discourages anything thrown ice calgary hitman set record stuffed toy single game december scotiabank saddledome collected record stuffed toy single game december annual event collected almost bear calgary early december december hershey bear collected stuffed animal following season hershey beat previous mark collecting stuffed animal december event also inspired philanthropist hershey pledge cash donation per toy collected december hershey bear set record stuffed toy collected single game tossing collecting stuffed animal held game minute toy split among central pennsylvania charity hershey bear collected stuffed animal january claiming new record ice hockey game team host teddy bear toss game due covid pandemic january hershey bear broke previously set record collected stuffed animal donated local charity january hershey bear claimed new record stuffed bear collected teddy bear toss spread australia june medibank ice house melbourne melbourne ice collected toy part canada day celebration event december luleå hf brought tradition sweden – mora ik bear donated hospital södra sunderbyn woman journal lulea charity several team elite ice hockey league united kingdom organize annual air bear night collect toy local charity christmas teddy bear toss spread italian basketball made lega basket serie debut australian soccer team newcastle jet held inaugural teddy bear toss december february supporter beşiktaş jk turkish football süper lig threw stuffed animal onto pitch donated surviving child turkey–syria earthquake october polish football club jagiellonia białystok claimed new world record stuffed animal tossed onto field |
8,158 | 2,923,376 | 0 | Toys for Tots | States | toy tot program run united state marine corp reserve distributes toy child whose parent cannot afford buy gift christmas founded reservist major bill hendricks marine toy tot foundation c notforprofit public charity located triangle virginia fund raise fund support program toy tot began los angeles charitable effort major bill hendricks usmcr inspired wife diane tried donate homemade raggedy ann doll needy child could find organization suggestion gathered group local marine reservist including lieutenant colonel john hampton coordinated collected toy local child year collection bin placed outside warner bros movie theater jon b riffel also helped found organization effort successful feasibility report marine using national public relation recruitment tool written maj donald g clarke usmcr toy tot launched national campaign hendricks used position director public relation warner brother studio enlist celebrity support well walt disney animator design red toy train logo theme song program written sammy fain paul francis webster would recorded nat king cole jo stafford peggy lee among others marine reservist frequently dress blue uniform volunteer would collect refurbish used toy new toy accepted reservist longer able dedicate drill hour refurbishing toy well legal concern prevent accidental giving recalled item mixed message giving handmedowns message hope secretary defense authorized creation affiliation nonprofit charity foundation secretary defense approved toy tot official mission marine corp reserve noting many community marine reservist presence commander marine force reserve authorized marine corp league detachment local organization fill gap toy collection distribution program received support first lady michelle obama placed first collection box white house december took part toy tot activity joint base anacostiabolling toy tot program foundation collected distributed million toy program draw interest multiple celebrity appreciate youth aspect charity backstreet boy inspired young band first day school band raised money charity busking donated portion charity name today charity expanded yearround effort extend support underprivileged child across nation outside christmastime literacy program dedicated towards providing ageappropriate book child lowincome neighborhood break cycle poverty toy tot also native american program donates toy book child participating remote reservation collaborative support office vice president navajo nation navajo literacy program mission program collect new unwrapped toy distribute toy less fortunate child christmas stated goal deliver new toy christmas message hope less fortunate youngster assist becoming responsible productive patriotic citizen however since initial conception mission statement toy tot expanded effort yearround promote literacy amongst underprivileged child literacy program provide toy book native american child native american program outstanding nonprofit organization year dma npf reader digest best childrens charity one top charity forbes gold star list charity navigator four star rating operation toy drop article incorporates public domain material website document united state marine corp marine toy tot foundation marine toy tot toy donation location |
8,159 | 42,393,815 | 0 | Christmas window | States | christmas window special window display prepared christmas shopping season department store retailer retailer around world become noted christmas window display becoming tourist attraction christmas window sometimes thematic may include animatronics several retailer new york city attract shopper tourist christmas window display including macys lord taylor macys established practice new york city store debuted animated shop window christmastime often spaeth design behind window store display many nation major retailer well lobby display new york major hotel office building palace harley st moritz park lane hotel park avenue plaza gulf western office building amas flagship department store buffalo new york known locally victorian christmas window auction internet company chartitybuzz auctioned experience watching simon doonan create barneys christmas window benefit christie green auction final bid received kaufmanns offered christmas window santa land fee charged see lonnie hanzons christmas window display holiday store omaha closed altmans known christmas window display rivaled lord taylor block fifth avenue pittsburgh horne one retailer known christmas window display boston filenes would hold christmas tree lighting jordan marsh would present series festive christmas window display known enchanted village window display since relocated boston hynes convention center city hall plaza montreal james aird nesbitt charge traditional christmas window display ogilvy department store commissioned german toymaker steiff create two animated holiday scene known mill forest enchanted village display included dozen handcrafted mechanical toy animal hundred moveable part display refurbished woodward department store vancouver retail shopping district also known christmas window display tom keogh designed annual christmas window galeries lafayette department store paris late early fenwick department store newcastle known locally christmas window display since christmas display shop window people come near far look record going back indicate display done theme traditional nativity scene differing alien theme christmas another world showed alien celebrating christmas sparked discussion letter page local paper arab dress provoked debate commentator may familiar location bethlehem store held th anniversary store christmas window display tradition store best known extravagant window filled detailed set sophisticated moving figure appears every christmas almost rival window liberty theme taken mainly fairy tale childrens story figure move accompanied music anthony ausgang designed christmas window la rinascente department store milan largerthanlife threedimensional model trademark psychedelic cartoon cat bertrand plane designed christmas window display le bon marché paris australia sydney department store david jones present annual animated christmas window display traditionally often featured snowy northern hemisphere christmas scenario window set distinctly australian summer featuring beach rainforest scene based book reindeer christmas surprise australian author ursula dubosarsky illustrator sue de gennaro melbourne myer department store began presenting annual christmas window display later added annual myer christmas parade display typically included scene christmas related story day christmas christmas carol grinch stole christmas well nativity scene scene childrens story fairy tale past decade display featured animated character unos garden chosen theme myer christmas window melbourne brisbane australia film miracle th street film christmas story feature christmas window display book cover childrens novel christmas holiday merryvale alice hale burnett feature child peering christmas window christmas worldwide window shopping windowswear losing holiday window hunter oatmanstanford december collector weekly |
8,161 | 12,207,482 | 0 | 10 Under 10 Film Festival | States | film festival created independent documentary filmmaker university texas austin professor ellen spiro intention film festival encourage raw creativity among new filmmaker without relying huge budget since film festival showcased short highquality lowbudget documentary founded notion great idea happen budget little time film professor spiro say watched many student get caught romance film school debt challenge filmmaker make film little money lot substance inventiveness name express informal desire show ten film less ten minute long costing less make hour film project film festival official website ellen spiro imdb short shoestring texas documentary tour present austin chronicle retrieved capturing ktown archived wayback machine texas observer retrieved ten little indie ut afs team doc tour deviation film minute long made less austin chronicle retrieved student lens quirkily texas documentary tour present austin chronicle retrieved american high school film festival student world impact film festival lighthouse initiative filmmaking student |
8,162 | 30,860,445 | 0 | 24FPS International Short Film Festival | States | fps international short film festival formerly westfest twoday short film festival hosted abilene texas year average short selected viewed paramount theatre restored theatre originally built westfest short film video competition |
8,163 | 77,712,404 | 0 | 51st Telluride Film Festival | States | st telluride film festival took place august september telluride colorado american filmmaker kenneth lonergan chosen festival guest director luke dorman principal graphic designer meow wolf returned guest designer telluride film festival silver medallion presented french filmmaker jacques audiard irish actress saoirse ronan american editor thelma schoonmaker special medallion award french film company le film du losange event program revealed one day start customary movie selected screening festival kenneth lonergan behindthescenes movie portrait artist musician filmmaker student print best studentproduced work around globe curated introduced gregory nava calling card resonant work cinema short form curated introduced barry jenkins great expectation curated introduced barry jenkins saoirse ronan actress outrun jacques audiard director emilia perez thelma schoonmaker editor le film du losange official website |
8,164 | 64,811,083 | 0 | 2018 New York Film Festival | States | th new york film festival took place september october |
8,165 | 61,640,600 | 0 | 2019 New York Film Festival | States | th new york film festival took place september october |
8,166 | 68,318,936 | 0 | 2021 New York Film Festival | States | th new york film festival took place september october unlike new york film festival staged online due covid pandemic festival returned physical screening lincoln center joel coens tragedy macbeth announced opening film pedro almodóvars parallel mother announced closing film jane campion power dog festival centerpiece screening |
8,167 | 27,143,038 | 0 | Action On Film International Film Festival | States | action film international film festival also known action film festival founded held california moved palm hotel casino la vega hub many returning filmmaker aof become official distributor shortstv well programming feature film number indie theater action film international film festival founded del weston disappointed bad experience weston sought create festival filmmaker could showcase film first held long beach california part long beach international martial art championship moved pasadena california moved monrovia california moved la vega nevada festival accepts major genre limited action film year festival recognizes outstanding actor project nearly eighty category including action film lifetime achievement award winner award art camacho bill superfoot wallace bob wall cynthia rock dragon wilson ronnie mr olympia coleman tazito garcia david carradine john saxon bill duke john savage w morgan sheppard talia shire bill plympton james best robert loggia bo svenson neil johnson science fiction starship apocalypse amber benson comedy shevenge christopher di nunzio guerilla film life follow james christopher best indie film quad x rise beaver slayer bryan martin webisode dark memory jd glasscock film noir series kim coates deborah kara unger nick mancuso tom sizemore michael paré tracey birdsall talia shire michael madsen david carradine michelle luke official website |
8,168 | 19,720,945 | 0 | African Diaspora Film Festival | States | african diaspora international film festival adiff originally african diaspora film festival founded frenchmalian diarah ndawspech husband reinaldo barrosospech cuban haitian jamaican descent young cinema enthusiast rarely found movie reflected black experience couple founded adiff showcase life reality people african descent around world festival based new york city screen film europe latin america asia africa thirtieth edition festival took place november december featured film country official website |
8,169 | 70,572,307 | 0 | American Conservation Film Festival | States | american conservation film festival acff annual film festival established based shepherdstown west virginia stated mission present conservationfocused film program engage inform inspire official website |
8,170 | 78,121,768 | 0 | Appalachian Film Festival | States | appalachian film festival annual film festival established based huntington west virginia festival aim promoting local appalachian culture also selecting film within appalachian region appalachian film festival give total award known appys include three category best festival award student music video short film feature film winter bone last ride king coal |
8,171 | 4,895,404 | 0 | Asian Animation Film Festival | States | asian animation film festival aaff film festival held chicago one year founded center asian art medium columbia college chicago aaff unique fourday festival devoted panasian artist animation presenting film either related topic asian culture involving artist asian descent aaff hope introduce audience broader range asian animation allowing artist express vast diverse panasian experience asian animation film festival |
8,172 | 27,044,505 | 0 | Asian Film Festival of Dallas | States | asian film festival dallas affd film festival held annually july august dallas texas festival programming consists international film asia well asianamerican feature short festival held primarily landmark theatre magnolia theatre west village dallas texas typical slate feature film short film weeklong festival largest asianthemed film festival southwestern united state festival present jury prize best short feature film entered competition well audience award well go usa entertainment major sponsor festival asian film festival dallas founded first edition march fourdaylong curated festival presenting feature five country film screened first year included dallas premiere battle royale repertory screening classic asian film raise red lantern seven samurai festival founded dallas local aspiring filmmaker mye hoang way share asian film dallas audience festival expanded weeklong event added juried competition ip man film mao last dancer film official website |
8,173 | 34,996,574 | 0 | Aspen Shortsfest | States | aspen shortsfest annual oscar® qualifying short film festival held aspen colorado internationallyrecognized festival began director lionel bailliu given shortfest award french short film called squash director taika waititi given aspen shortsfest best drama award new zealand short film called two car one night list short film festival official website |
8,174 | 41,178,276 | 0 | Atheist Film Festival | States | atheist film festival annual event ran launched world’s first film festival dedicated showcasing feature film documentary short animated cinema created especially atheist community founded david fitzgerald hank pellissier veronica chater focused film recognizing science distinction church state explicitly atheist film festival festival grew year small film founder rented netflix vip reception fifth year programming san franciscos roxie theater founder announced festival end hank pellissier veronica chater netflix roxie theater |
8,175 | 18,498,060 | 0 | Backseat Film Festival | States | backseat film festival independent film festival organized doug sakmann nick esposito zafer ulkucu beginning park city utah winter one many alternative sundance film festival quickly transformed touring festival continues present day summer festival joined force van warped tour screening bus dirty erin traveled city across north america playing film ten thousand young people doug sakmann former festival director troma film tromadance film festival filmed slasher film series punk rock holocaust tour garnered international press attention festival backseat currently based philadelphia pennsylvania touring festival travel across u year screening film interested edgy alternative indy film also showcased film lineup cannes film festival punk rock holocaust plaster caster automaton stupid teenager must die fudge prisonagogo god squad stupid teenager must die fubar movie razor sharp gimme skelter making green goblin last stand film rusty nail hot rod girl save world official website |
8,176 | 37,271,190 | 0 | Bakersfield Independent Film Festival | States | bakersfield independent film festival also known biff film festival held bakersfield california showcase film made filmmaker connection bakersfield kern county california criterion connection bakersfield kern county purpose biff broad eligible film made filmmaker live kern county lived kern county film crew kern county film shot kern county biff held four time past recent biff held november – empty space bakersfield film music video shown including feature film lackey filmmaker also answer question biff organized sponsored production company seat pant production director roger mathey first biff biff held november – held spotlight theatre bakersfield biff held june – biff held spotlight theatre bakersfield biff held november – case biff biff held spotlight theatre bakersfield biff held november – contrast previous biff biff held new venue empty space bakersfield biff facebook |
8,177 | 17,660,248 | 0 | Bangor Film Festival | States | bangor film festival started weeklong event taking place annually city bangor maine festival typically held second week august venue greater bangor area including bangor opera house goal festival promote independent filmmaker world special emphasis showcasing film local maine film scene year festival feature special discussion panel screening focus particular cinematic theme genre year festival give award following category best festival audience award john ford award outstanding achievement directing queen city award special jury prize first annual bff took place late december festival founded shadow puppet entertainment local film production company special focus festival independent short film festival also host first annual eighty film shootout competition filmmaker minute hour write direct edit film bangor film festival merged kahbang film festival becoming part kahbang music art film festival fifth year kahbang film festival threeday festival taking place bangor waterfront new england indie largest discovery festival showcasing emerging talent music art film end kahbang film discovery festival independent cinema dedicated showcasing emerging film filmmaker exposing new audience festival program nonprofit organization kahbang art serve mission kahbang film festival us free ticket model allowing wide diverse audience festivalgoers kahbang film receives submission independent filmmaker across globe new england film online magazine listing kahbang film festival website kahbang art website kahbang music art film website |
8,178 | 30,480,116 | 0 | Bare Bones International Film Festival | States | bare bone international film music festival founded darkwood film art institute city muskogee oklahoma united state showcase independent motion picture project budget less million dollar hence bare bone festival run eleven day year late april several venue downtown muskogee moviemaker magazine called bare bone smalltown festival celebrates indie auteur director screenwriter actor cinematographer big way moviemaker named bare bone list film festival worth entry fee best foreign language subtitled vanishing hitchhiker rosario brucato best domestic violence awareness honey cycle yudelka heyer best drama bone cage taylor olson best fest song lyric special someone michael lafata best original song lyric music black hurt terry blade shironbutterflys bumblebee award odds metamorphosis slaughterhouse javad daraei leave message david malouf special legacy festival award metamorphosis slaughterhouse javad daraei leave message david malouf official website bare bone filmfest channel youtube bare bone internet movie database bare bone internet movie database |
8,179 | 46,451,820 | 0 | Baton Rouge Jewish Film Festival | States | baton rouge jewish film festival brjff annual jewish film festival held baton rouge louisiana association jewish federation greater baton rouge five six jewish film shown festival ninth festival held january january official website |
8,180 | 18,116,088 | 0 | Bentley Film Festival | States | bentley film festival also known bentleys film festival held annually december kansa city missouri festival encourages short uncut film shown original production bentley film festival first started december kansa city missouri project funded independent filmmaker coalition kansa city ifc requires contestant use super mm film bentley camera hence name everyone equal opportunity show work contestant required threeminute unedited undeveloped film incorporates original creative work |
8,181 | 50,577,532 | 0 | Bentonville Film Festival | States | bentonville film festival bff american film festival held annually bentonville arkansas focus diversity bentonville film festival founded actress geena davis arc entertainment executive trevor drinkwater bentonville chosen location walmart founding sponsor suggested drinkwater learned walmart interested supporting diversity initiative brought davis knew would interested work geena davis institute gender medium bff film festival world offer guaranteed multiplatform distribution winner film win audience jury best family film award receive theatrical distribution amc theatre shown lifetime television get dvd videoondemand release walmart vudu film shown distributed way festival notable functioning movie theater bentonville led practice turning gathering area city potential screening location included use cinetransformer mobile theater throughout city festival experienced attendance growth year welcoming attendee showing feature film short film episode athena film festival bentonville film festival official website |
8,182 | 30,447,547 | 0 | Berkshire International Film Festival | States | berkshire international film festival biff founded kelley vickery great barrington massachusetts fourday festival feature independent film filmmaker film aficionado showing feature documentary short animation—as well panel discussion special event focusing filmmaker talented artist side camera scheduled midmay kickoff berkshire cultural season biff aim provide filmmaker producer director writer actor place present work interact audience festival aim showcase challenging relevant documentary provide platform berkshire filmmaker festival attracted submission selected screening untouchable directed david feige day new york directed julie delpy café de flore directed jeanmarc vallée pina directed wim wenders cairo time directed ruba nadda joan river piece work directed ricki stern anne sundberg atletu athlete directed davey frankel rasselas lakew countdown zero directed lucy walker year without sex directed sarah watt waste land directed lucy walker last train home directed lixin fan william kunstler disturbing universe directed emily kunstler sarah kunstler yes men fix world directed andy bichlbaum mike bonanno spike directed robert beaucage burning plain directed guillermo arriaga pressure cooker directed mark becker jennifer grausman prairie home companion directed robert altman road guantanamo directed michael winterbottom man push cart directed ramin bahrani rocket science directed jeffrey blitz shadow moon directed david sington christopher riley arranged directed diane crespo stefan schaefer vercellin neil june cinematic assembly attending berkshire intl film festival artseditor retrieved june berkshire film medium commission berkshirefineartscom official website |
8,183 | 3,713,399 | 0 | Berlin & Beyond Film Festival | States | berlin beyond film festival annual film festival based san francisco california featuring new cinema germany austria switzerland founded festival program san franciscos branch goetheinstitut become one largest significant germanspeaking film festival outside europe notable guest included mario adorf doris dörrie mara eibleibesfeldt hannelore elsner anke engelke florian david fitz bruno ganz tom schilling aylin tezel michael verhoeven wim wenders annually festival welcome people celebrates seasoned master upandcoming new talent dynamic new film momentous classic festival took place january castro theatre november announced starting berlin beyond would moved fall coincide german current similar festival goetheinstitut los angeles german current smaller festival held theater los angeles cooperation two festival prompted retirement ingrid egger former festival director berlin beyond instrumental founding cooperation intended allow sister branch goetheinstitut los angeles san francisco bring larger better selection contemporary germanlanguage film west coast allow guest artist europe make appearance festival festival’s current director sophoan sorn first appointed lead th edition took place late october castro theater along “encore day” san jose recent nd edition held castro theatre february shattuck cinema berkeley february goetheinstitut february th berlin beyond honolulu took place april doris duke theatre honolulu museum art honoring master german cinema recent recipient include maria schrader acting directing screenwriting mario adorf acting wim wenders directing ulrich mühe acting posthumous michael verhoeven directing bruno ganz acting lars eidinger frederick lau julia jentsch official website sophoan sorn official website |
8,184 | 76,016,404 | 0 | Better Cities Film Festival | States | better city film festival formerly new urbanism film festival annual film festival focused urban planning design founded joshua paget festival based detroit better city film festival collaborated unhabitat showcase film city tenth world urban forum abu dhabi united arab emirate eleventh katowice poland february festival expanded durham north carolina collaboration southern urbanism |
8,185 | 2,980,433 | 0 | Beverly Hills Film Festival | States | beverly hill film festival bhff film festival united state founded independent filmmaker nino simone festival international competition dedicated showcasing art talent emerging filmmaker screenplay writer around world festival last five day reportedly attended people year venue include ampas writer guild chinese theater clarity theatre festival wind black tie award ceremony festival launched internationally event tokyo bhff emphasizes award firsttime filmmaker final night festival jury present award including golden palm award best picture blacktie gala four season beverly wilshire hotel festival organizer canceled event due covid concern lockdown order place time official website beverly hill film festival imdb |
8,186 | 77,481,526 | 0 | Beyond Fest | States | beyond fest largest genre film festival united state held annually los angeles california established partnership american cinematheque beyond fest focus showcasing horror science fiction fantasy genre film festival feature diverse range programming including new release rare retrospective special event beyond fest established cater genre film community los angeles since inception expanded size prestige becoming major event genre film fan festival function nonprofit organization proceeds benefiting american cinematheque c nonprofit film institution committed celebrating cinematic art festival schedule feature blend world u premiere along special screening frequently include appearance qa session director actor industry expert beyond fest renowned diverse selection showcasing modern classic genre film head programming evrim ersoy th edition beyond fest showcased film day highlight included abyss special edition director james cameron attendance creator gareth edward manhunter director michael mann present festival honored producer roger corman presentation four film followed discussion several director started career working renowned genre icon official website |
8,187 | 30,525,995 | 0 | Bicycle Film Festival | States | bicycle film festival bff independent film festival screen film related urban cycling culture city around world founded based new york brendt barbur hit bus riding bicycle new york city insisting turning negative experience positive one barbur created bicycle film festival platform celebrate bicycle music art film first event new york cycling aficionado city soon wanted replicate community festival taken place city north america europe asia festival nonjuried attracts submission independent director around world new york held annually prestigious anthology film archive bicycle film festival significant catalyst urban bike movement provided platform many bicycle advocate filmmaker premiere short featurelength film otherwise may seen wide release growth linked emergence cycle chic movement bicycle film festival typically span – day city showing film screening encompass diverse aspect urban cycling variety genre tailored city art exhibition joyride art show often accompanies event displaying artwork related cycling date featured sculpture tom sachs photography albert maysles bike rock concert launch festival previously featured act including blonde redhead jon spencer blue explosion dan deacon age peach matt kim deerhunter filmmaker whose work featured otherwise contributed bicycle film festival include mike mill spike jonze jorgen leth lucas brunelle neistat brother alex craig peter sutherland international cycling film festival list film bicycle cycling bicycle film festival official website |
8,188 | 20,887,556 | 0 | Big Bear Lake International Film Festival | States | big bear international film festival held mountain community big bear lake california – every year festival expanded number submission prestige honoree festival hosted film screenplay competition big bear lake international film festival |
8,189 | 18,917,671 | 0 | Big Dam Film Festival | States | big dam film festival annual event organized young professional quincy area nonprofit networking community development organization quincy illinois festival feature independent film around world showcase format usually held saturday evening spring proceeds event used organize support event endeavor throughout community quincy illinois big dam film festival established clinton begley christopher mackenzie native quincy illinois member young professional quincy board festival named lock dam mississippi river icon local quincy source revenue city inaugural event occurred february featuring film selected total film submitted selection short video introduction ed begley jr began event since inception event sold well advance subject rave review praise clinton begley christopher mackenzie actively participated planning coordination event throughout transitional year subcommittee young professional quincy took majority planning begley mackenzie since divested planning future festival festival direction newly formed committee saw change direction format instead single evening short film two separate evening featurelength film shown locally produced hampshire screened thursday may mchugh theater campus quincy university friday night hosted locally produced short night woodlawn critically acclaimed education feature presentation twonight format retained featurelength documentary beer war screened friday night original short festival preserved saturday night state room big dam film festival official site young professional quincy official site |
8,190 | 33,004,840 | 0 | Big Sky Documentary Film Festival | States | big sky documentary film festival annual nonfiction film festival held missoula montana february event showcase documentary film around world festival first began sevenday event tenday event big sky documentary film festival largest cinema event montana festival present average nonfiction film annually historic wilma theater top hat roxy theater crystal theater downtown missoula bsdff host docshop industryfocused feature festival offer documentary filmmaker opportunity networking discussion professional development schedule includes workshop workinprogress presentation panel annual big sky pitch session docshops participant included hbo documentary film participant medium bbc storyville cnn film itvs pov pb tribeca film institute sundance doc fund chicken egg picture fledgling fund catapult film fund recent award winner festival included last elephant men daniel ferguson arnaud bouquet sibling forever frode fimland world mahdi fleifel blood brother steve hoover slomo joshua izenberg chasing ice jeff orlowski way life thomas burstyn last train home lixin fan gasland josh fox rough aunty kim longinotto sweetgrass ilisa barbash lucien castaingtaylor jimmy rosenberg father son talent jeroen berkvens favela rising jeff zimbalist cat mirikitani linda hattendorf citizen king orlando bagwell w noland walker horn halo michael galinsky suki hawley special retrospective program included agi orsi barbara kopple brendan canty caveh zahedi christoph green chuck workman dana hart perry doug pray jerry blumenthal joe berlinger john cohen kartemquin film le blank lucy walker director maysles brother ondi timoner robert b weide ron mann sam green stanley nelson steve james special guest included indy rock legend yo la tengo grant hart lydia loveless comedian tig notaro chris fairbanks film shown event included dear mr brody balcony movie oyate one road quartzsite antarctica official website winner missoulian article article withoutabox |
8,191 | 69,168,843 | 0 | BizarroLand Film Festival | States | bizarroland film festival january sick n wrong film festival film festival showcasing aggressively bizarre midnight underground outsider weirdo cinema genre based orlando florida run stephen stull cited one bizarre genre film festival usa dread central listed one best horror festival world founded stephen stull interview pophorror stull defines philosophy festival sick n wrong film festival generally refer aggressively bizarre movie anybody ever seen movie referred midnight movie theyre going understand right away im talking ever program lineup feature already played never submitted dream lineup would love eraserhead holy mountain greasy strangler festival somebody hasnt seen movie like really hard define end assuming im talking gore porn thats definitely case festival held annually different venue orlando area permanent fixture art calendar orlando festival team also engaged production movie example transformation transformation drs jenkins premiered genreblast film festival film featured festival director stephen stull collaborator like michael j epstein january festival got renamed bizarroland film festival sickies sick n wrong award statue designed brad bailey hand sculpted painted paul debra berg awarded annually category including sickest award gutwrenching visual content wrongest award morally abhorrent story golden tentacle movie best embodies spirit snw audience favorite voted festival attendee festival also launched production arm raising money anthology film fat fleshy finger kickstarter film premiered film maudit january official website |
8,192 | 17,310,935 | 0 | Blacklist Festival | States | blacklist festival threeday tribute art film festival held year south lake tahoe california united state originally started group filmmaker artist production film objective festival present original unapologetic art film film screening art display held inside montbleu resort casino spa music party award held various local venue blacklist festival dedicated people art keep world balance best film beast show tour de dude directed brandon rein beast show se voir directed jeff speed beast show chickenfut directed harrison witt best music video criminal record award sound truth directed brian thompson best work art art beast shannon orcutt art beast thatcher unsworth horror business marones abaddon arnocorps horror business hyena diablo dime formaldabrides hangman naked aggression catch hell anxiety dog film art festival montbleu record courier july retrieved registration required official website |
8,193 | 61,348,733 | 0 | BlackStar Film Festival | States | blackstar film festival annual film festival organized blackstar project festival focus film black brown indigenous people around world take place august philadelphia pennsylvania described black sundance festival named marcus garveys shipping line black star line founded maori karmael holmes first blackstar film festival initially conceived oneday microfestival due large number submission ultimately turned fourday international event backer festival include macarthur foundation knight foundation hbo caa comcast lionsgate first festival included master class screening part middle nowhere ava duvernay later festival included film gabourey sidibe janine sherman barrois darius clark monroe nijla baseema mu’min naima ramoschapman panel included bradford young rashid shabazz spike lee tarana burke yaba blay akiba solomon ahmir “questlove” thompson tariq “black thought” trotter previously served advisory board festival |
8,194 | 28,328,240 | 0 | Boomtown Film and Music Festival | States | boomtown film music festival film music festival held beaumont texas established spindletop film festival discontinued held various business downtown beaumont including art studio jefferson theatre crockett street art museum southeast texas |
8,195 | 5,264,347 | 0 | Boston Film Festival | States | boston film festival bff annual film festival held boston u state massachusetts held annually since usually early september boston film festival premiered notable film last kiss guide recognizing saint renaissance deliver u evil jesus camp ground truth u v john lennon desperate crossing kiss kiss bang bang prime north country start revolution preceded earlier boston film festival held cambridge orson welles cinema often confused boston international film festival annually held boston well boston film festival |
8,196 | 11,922,679 | 0 | Boston International Film Festival | States | boston international film festival film festival united state held boston massachusetts showcase film annually established film producer patrick jerome festival feature independent film around world u since beginning festival presented many acclaimed film including academy award winner short film west bank story program includes feature film short film documentary festival returned st annual year april featuring film country official site |
8,197 | 21,324,268 | 0 | Boston Palestine Film Festival | States | boston palestine film festival bpff annual film festival held boston established festival brings palestinerelated cinema narrative culture new england audience mission showcase extraordinary narrative culture palestinian cinema art thirteenth annual festival took place october – run volunteer copresented museum fine art boston bpff feature documentary feature rare early work video art piece well new film emerging artist youth selected work director around world offer view palestine history culture geographically dispersed society year guest filmmaker various country expert commentator invited part festival discus work audience since founding bpff presented palestinerelated film well numerous major concert workshop art exhibit chicago palestine film festival dc palestinian film art festival official website boston palestine film festival fifth annual boston palestine film festival jadaliyya |
8,198 | 1,225,699 | 0 | Boulder Adventure Film Festival | States | adventure film festival international film festival boulder colorado started local climber jonny copp killed avalanche expedition china festival predominantly screen film adventure environmental activism outdoors |
8,199 | 10,891,264 | 0 | Brooklyn Arts Council Film and Video Festival | States | bac international film video festival independent film festival held borough brooklyn new york city sponsored brooklyn art council established festival longest running event kind brooklyn selection grouping accepted screened festival include work independent college student youth k feature short length category narrative experimental documentary animation film brooklyn filmmaker woman african descent event held several venue including brooklyn art council office pratt institute long island university brooklyn art council main page |
8,200 | 6,031,029 | 0 | Brooklyn Underground Film Festival | States | brooklyn underground film festival annual showcase typically lowbudget underdistributed amateur video metavideos festival initially held dumbo brooklyn later moved park slope neighborhood brooklyn new york festival ran festival also showed work emerging nonmedia artist first festival included large wheat paste mural artist known swoon festival founded graduate pratt institute josh koury myles kane cris moris gaia cornwall funded part growing number local business festival ceased operation official website brooklyn underground film festival watch program director josh koury independentfilmcom |
8,201 | 50,491,460 | 0 | Buffalo Dreams Fantastic Film Festival | States | buffalo dream fantastic film festival international film festival buffalo new york founded chris scioli gregory lamberson festival run day show film around world festival described seeking bold original edgy film well made help film maker western new york screen work festival also known short block festival often partner lloyd kaufman troma show early screening troma film screenwriter film producer roy frumkes judged unproduced original screenplay competition season festival award include special dreamer award filmmaker year award living legend award lois weber award contemporary female filmmaker special award winner adrian esposito filmmaker year devi snively lois weber award fred olen ray living legend award jon keeyes dedication excellence filmmaking christopher olen ray indie genre spirit award special award winner brett kelly filmmaker year sophia cacciola lois weber award michael j epstein dedication excellence independent filmmaking sam qualiana indie genre spirit award incident blood tribade let night virgin tonight come post apocalyptic commando shark dare open eye johnny gruesome clickbait derelict tommy battle silver sea dragon luz flower evil fang buffalo dream fantastic film festival archived wayback machine website |
8,202 | 21,409,662 | 0 | Camden International Film Festival | States | camden international film festival stylized ciff annual documentary film festival based camden rockport rockland maine united state take place midseptember founded ben fowlie festival highlight craft innovation within nonfiction storytelling addition ciff host annual point north forum twoday conference provides documentary filmmaker opportunity professional development creative inspiration past participant include representative hbo ae bbc cnn discovery arte vimeo tribeca film institute sundance institute pov festival screen approximately documentary feature short annually screening followed qa session director industry professional festivity weekend also include course university maine panel workshop party ciff received first grant academy motion picture art science support two program year festival paired classic documentary film new work emerging nonfiction filmmaker process curated lineup documentary past present festival received second grant academy edition support retrospective program workshop series focused past present future ethnographic documentary film ciff formed partnership tribeca film institute tfi launched camdentfi retreat retreat ran annually six day summer camden rockport maine offering five usbased documentary filmmaking team professional guidance mentorship retreat suspended tfi paused programming wake covid pandemic ciff named academy award qualifying festival documentary short film award academy motion picture art science short film receive festival’s best documentary short award qualify enter oscar competition category ciff organizer also launched point north institute year umbrella organization festival program ciff presented online virtual festival due covid pandemic addition film screening virtually festival screened part film lineup drivein theater organizer constructed rockport edition festival took place hybrid format inperson online screening ciff founder ben fowlie stepped executive artistic director point north institute rick rector board member institute appointed interim executive director sean flynn cofounder point north institute fowlie caroline von kuhn continues lead institute’s artist program expanded role oversee ciff camden international film festival official website |
8,203 | 14,513,380 | 0 | Cedar Rapids Independent Film Festival | States | cedar rapid independent film festival founded provide venue iowaconnected filmmaker screen work peer general audience organization primary goal encourage independent filmmaker iowa tie continue improving craft provide place specifically showcase iowaconnected film present unique cultural event community offer networking opportunity purpose strengthening iowa connection film industry everywhere held first full noneaster weekend april collins road theatre marion iowa town adjacent cedar rapid cedar rapid independent film festival open independent filmmaker wish showcase production network others festival screening open public addition screening award festival also includes seminar guest speaker activity filmmaker attendee festival open genre dateofcompletion stipulation film accepted around country unique event film must meet criterion iowa connection big part criffs mission recognizing people tie iowa exist production industry world entered film come anywhere anyone iowa connection sort could crew cast member lived worked went school iowa film produced least part iowa story featuring iowa subject iowan past present real fictional filmmaker scott beck bryan wood quiet place haunt screened work criff multiple time early career cedar rapid independent film festival frequently screened work mystery writer director max allan collins producer movie final season appeared festival twice movie trailer premiered event official site – cedar rapid independent film festival |
8,204 | 64,070,534 | 0 | Chattanooga Film Festival | States | chattanooga film festival cff annual film festival take place chattanooga tennessee chosen one best genre film fests world moviemaker chattanooga film festival originated february film club chattanooga tennessee known mise en scenesters organizer club launched halloween event known frightening as film festival led creation chattanooga film festival st annual chattanooga film festival took place joint initiative canadian company medium darling chattanooga film festival founded good film fund mean supporting production promotion film result covid pandemic th chattanooga film festival took place online virtual event may may official website |
8,205 | 20,470,189 | 0 | Chicago International Documentary Film Festival | States | chicago international documentary film festival cidf festival documentary film united state film event established ran dedicated celebration cultivation documentary film unrestricted cash plus prize awarded cidf presented society art homepage |
8,206 | 5,937,444 | 0 | Chicago Outdoor Film Festival | States | chicago outdoor film festival showing classic film chicago grant park year seven consecutive evening summer people gather around gigantic screen enjoy classic american film marked th anniversary film festival festival run budgetary reason festival known movie park chicago park district show film various park millennium park rogers park museum science industry |
8,207 | 9,974,809 | 0 | Chicago Palestine Film Festival | States | chicago palestine film festival annual film festival begun chicago one important venue u screening palestinian cinema accepts work variety genre — documentary drama comedy — long short format although organizer especially interested work palestinian filmmakersnationality selection criterion initial intention festival hosted university illinois chicago however university refused host event wasnt israeli film festival alongside reason decision made make citywide festival funded local community first festival movie shown free preston bradley center uptown subsequent festival held various location throughout city screening longer free director actor often appear festival discus movie audience screening addition speaker often appear discus matter related palestine israel art filmmaking challenge émigré artist son eilaboun boston palestine film festival dc palestinian film art festival chicago palestine film festival babelmednet |
8,208 | 72,019,544 | 0 | Chicago South Side Film Festival | States | chicago south side film festival annual film festival feature work filmmaker chicago south side created michelle kennedy debuted chicago south side film festival cssff screen film set created filmmaker south side according executive director creator michelle kennedy festival provides platform filmmaker south side stating nearly hundred film festival occur every year chicago none focused south side debut festival october screened film shot south side love jones mahogany festival offer workshop course related film production cssff historically take place every year chatham studio movie grill partner institution local art gallery church moved virtual format due social distancing requirement related covid pandemic cssff presented hybrid format session screening available online person official website |
8,209 | 3,049,819 | 0 | Chicago Underground Film Festival | States | chicago underground film festival cuff annual nonprofit international festival dedicated exhibition underground avantgarde cinema video performancethe festival offer opportunity independent artist frequently overlooked conventional marketdriven film festival showcase recognized work though jury audience award addition screening festival also host event build community amoungst audience founded festival widely regarded longest running festival kind festival founded jay bliznick mark siska bryan wendorf alternative mainstream film festival circuit increasingly dominated distributor product festival celebrated year anniversary festival stated goal focus artistic aesthetic fun side independent filmmaking cuff promotes work dissent radically form content technique tired convention hollywood increasingly stagnant indiewood mainstream festival excellent reputation curation become known one key event history underground february announced festival become official program ifpchicago independent feature project festival held gene siskel film center state art cinematheque connected school art institute chicago since festival held logan theatre chicago popular independent movie theater city north side festival run course several day featuring extensive lineup film video performance well party concert festival became independent organization received c notforprofit status cuff welcome mix film video length genre festival’s dominant focus work chart new experimental ground form content festival mission showcase selection diverse film video related work highlight filmmaker take unconventional approach filmmaking work break boundary form narrative length aim provide audience wide range programming promote innovative form medium art build audience community around work festival always explored many different definition underground film early year festival programming consisted mainly lowbudget bmovies film tradition cinema transgression recently moved focus toward experimental avantgarde film video documentariesthe festival programming diverse varied festival objective showcase defiantly independent filmmaker promoting film video challenge transcends expectation festival also featured retrospective legendary underground filmmaker john water kenneth anger alejandro jodorowsky festival screen film host workshop qas afterparties encourage discussion underground art build community among attendee festival jury present six jury award film video selected best interesting various category well made chicago award recognize film video made local filmmaker jury award vary year year determined current year jury award given typical festival best documentary others creative specific winning film radical empathy awardaudience choice award honorable mention also given addition order recognize outstanding film festival film festival accepts wide range genre style film submission nine category festivial submission narrative feature narrative short documentary feature documentary short experimental feature experimental short animation feature animation short music video official website |
8,210 | 49,720,164 | 0 | Chinese American Film Festival | States | chinese american film festival caff american film festival held every november since california event los angeles san francisco previously also san diego chinese american film festival founded edi medium inc film festival recognized motion picture association america china state administration press publication radio film television th annual chinese american film festival held los angeles california october welcome banquet held san gabriel hilton hotel san gabriel california october chinese american film festival opening ceremony held ricardo montalan theater hollywood california winner include chow yunfat li bingbing kelsey scott xu lu byron mann many others official website chinese american film festival film freeway chinese american film festival imdb th annual caff mediahubcom complete list winner |
8,211 | 74,223,656 | 0 | Cinecon | States | cinecon classic film festival aka cinecon film festival filmcollecting fan convention held since labor day weekend five day los angeles first cinecon sponsored mm collector publisher samuel k rubin indiana pennsylvania many year cinecon moved city city leonard maltin grew become film critic film historian started attending cinecon yearold boy attended every cinecon skipped attend coincident telluride film festival alternated two – cohosting cinecon locking telluride event nazi germany propaganda filmmaker leni riefenstahl received lifetime achievement award cinecon cinecon cinecon cinecon took place graumans egyptian theatre hollywood boulevard convention also held event short walk away hotel highland avenue stan taffel president cinecon classic film festival richard adkins wrote regard cinecon hollywood heritage nonprofit operator cinecon past three year associated festival since museum established inn began managing festival following passing robert birchard – president cinecon due impact covid pandemic film festival cinecon held three day online event streaming promotional banner cineconline cinecon held four day online event streaming cineconline banner cinecon held american legion post hollywood horak janchristopher archiving preserving screening mm cinema journal vol pp – jstor classic hollywood cinecon refocuses film stooge arbuckle laurel hardy rarity los angeles time august bengtson john july silent era hollywood tour – cinecon – author presentation silentlocationscom king susan august cinecon hope havent heard film baltimore sun los angeles time mallory mary september nd cinecon offer something everyone ladailymirrorcom mallory mary september th annual cinecon go movie ladailymirrorcom cinecon cinecon silentcinemasocietyorg cinecon film schedule society cinephilescinecon inc |
8,212 | 14,941,878 | 0 | Cinefest Fairfield | States | cinefest fairfield annual film festival since featuring short film student alumnus faculty fairfield university fairfield connecticut held association fairfield community theatre festival sponsored department visual performing art showcase innovative new medium program cinefest fairfield become notable annual event university fairfield county fr james mayzik sj director new medium major medium center said fairfield student emerge leader within region nation creativity talent film television radio within exciting new program cinefest fairfield took place may fairfield community theatre post road fairfield connecticut following six award presented fairfield university student alumnus cinefest fairfield took place may quick center art fairfield university campus following award shown award given following film cinefest fairfield official website fairfield university new medium film television radio program |
8,213 | 4,535,490 | 0 | Columbus International Film & Animation Festival | States | columbus international film animation festival columbus ohio united state annual film festival designed encourage promote use film video form education communication first oldest film festival united state existed since present organization known columbus international film animation festival since competitive festival formally known chris award festival supported number sponsor including ohio art council columbus college art design columbus film festival existed since preceded foundation columbus film council number award presented following category art animation basement film broadcast journalism education information narrative humanity mental health physical health music video experimental short religion spirituality science technology social issue student competition website columbus international film video festival award record ohio state university library |
8,214 | 31,733,667 | 0 | Couch Fest Films | States | couch fest film international festival short film hosted private home alternative location one day annual festival began seattle held worldwide day since part shnit worldwide shortfilmfestival couch fest film largest singleday short film festival world poland portland seattle slovakia portauprince peru couch fest film unique cozy short film fest hosted people’s house alternative location world year couch fest film present film festival sundance sxsw cfc worldwide short seattle int film festival new horizon film festival name mission bring people together could considered mindblowing film year couch fest film present best current short film huge audience cinephiles worldwide couch fest film became part shnit short day event short film held multiple city around world couch fest film facebook couch fest film twitter |
8,215 | 16,023,703 | 0 | Crossroads Film Festival | States | crossroad film festival independent film festival take place annually around jackson metropolitan area u state mississippi second oldest film festival mississippi crossroad film festival focus independent film kind well regional mississippi film parent organization crossroad film society celebrated th festival april festival take place four day selected film screened throughout weekend special event include educational filmrelated workshop panel master class kidfriendly activity live local music nightly afterparties special badgeholdersonly reception award brunch sunday festival culminates award prize given winning film filmmaker workshop party reception typically held various location including millsaps college local club restaurant mississippi museum art founded c nonprofit crossroad film society membership organization created promote highlight grow independent film filmmaking deep south especially among female young filmmaker filmmaker color member lgbtq community indigenous filmmaker mission crossroad film society celebrate art filmmaking diversity depth showcase promote broader spectrum film video community present honor film related mississippi south provide educational opportunity forum discussion film lover aspiring filmmaker crossroad film festival named part widely known area mississippi robert johnson said sold soul devil also reference hometown jackson role metropolitan hub new south due low movie theatre attendance covid pandemic st crossroad film festival held completely virtually involved profitshare initiative support filmmaker unlike previous year held november december eventive streaming platform support film festival best experimental film best animated film best music video best student film best short documentary best feature documentary best short narrative best feature narrative programmer choice adam ford youth filmmaking award transformative film award audience choice film audience choice music video ruma award promising mississippi filmmaker archived official website virtual crossroad website |
8,216 | 30,454,792 | 0 | DeadCENTER Film Festival | States | deadcenter film festival founded oklahoma city festival named deadcenter located exact center united state although presenting hundred film international assemblage filmmaker deadcenter remained focused open independent local filmmaker festival run five day every year june attracted notable actor including spike jonze rinko kikuchi deadcenter named one coolest film festival moviemaker magazine spring filmmaker brother jayson floyd justan floyd travelled muskogee oklahoma inaugural bare bone film festival sharon ray film producer educator entrepreneur grown splitting time muskogee los angeles launched festival husband could meet filmmaker share best practice increase knowledge film industry floyd brother loved festival believed could better serve oklahoma film community based oklahoma city following june launched festival oklahoma contemporary space state fair ground called deadcenter location deadcenter country deadcenter calendar year first year film short film made oklahoma floyd’s mother cooked hotdog set concession community filmmaker created first year established solid foundation thriving statewide film industry exists today official website |
8,217 | 44,096,482 | 0 | Doc NYC | States | doc nyc stylized doc nyc annual documentary film festival new york city cofounded thom power raphaela neihausen festival country largest documentary film festival film event special guest doc nyc become america largest documentary film festival voted moviemaker magazine one top five coolest documentary film festival world festival take place day november west village ifc center chelseas cinépolis sva theater doc nyc short list documentary feature officially started title grew title history predictor award – critics’ prize top ten list oscar last eight year doc nyc screened documentary went win academy award festival screened last oscarnominated documentary feature doc nyc short list also notably strong track record spotlighting title named subsequent academy award documentary short list doc nycs winning short qualify consideration documentary short subject category annual academy award without standard theatrical run provided film otherwise complies academy rule presidential nominee candidate hillary clinton appeared festival closing night presentation maker film fourth world conference woman includes interview clinton notable special guest include eric clapton emma watson jim carrey rev al sharpton thandiwe newton susan sarandon martin scorsese itzhak perlman big bird sarah polley jared leto olympia dukakis chris rock seth meyers alia shawkat lucas hedge kevin kline heather graham jean claude christo wim wenders rashida jones darrel hammond ricki lake michael moore michel gondry omar epps errol morris oliver stone dionne warwick questlove sam pollard jonathan franzen kathleen hanna spandau ballet greil marcus grace lee boggs bela fleck nat hentoff chuck workman mekons audience attendee included harry belafonte rosario dawson fred armisen jim jarmusch michael stipe martha stewart katie couric russell simmons darren aronofsky cornel west naomi watt among others |
8,218 | 53,136,127 | 0 | Downtown Urban Arts Festival | States | downtown urban art festival duaf formerly known downtown urban theater festival annual multidisciplinary art event held spring featuring theater film music poetry various venue downtown manhattan new york city inaugurated downtown urban theater festival art center soho new york city festival listed one world best festival new work festival produced creative ammo inc nonprofit organization official website |
8,219 | 8,961,915 | 0 | Duke City Shootout | States | duke city shootout world first longestrunning scripttoscreen moviemaking contest shootout hour film project cited moviemaker magazine pioneer marathon moviemaking competition competition begun albuquerque new mexico name flick briefly changed digifest southwest settling current name year shootout conduct international competition short script minute shorter selects seven produce competition held annually july selected competitor brought albuquerque one week shoot edit premiere finished movie festival provides equipment crew cast location editing facility mentor everything necessary competitor complete movie movie screened live audience final night event shootout also incorporated moviemaking contest since inception partnered hour film project hosted minicini help aspiring filmmaker create nearly additional short week hour film project national film challenge list timed artistic contest list film festival official web site |
8,220 | 3,132,774 | 0 | East Lansing Film Festival | States | east lansing film festival large film festival second oldest state michigan screen film day including several short program held yearly usually early november focus present diverse selection independent foreign feature documentary short student film festival started continues help city east lansing michigan state university final day festival devoted lake michigan film competition showcase film wisconsin illinois indiana michigan festival operated east lansing film society elf screen film yearround new high tech theater studio c okemos east lansing film festival website east lansing childrens film festival website city east lansing website michigan state university website |
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