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PMC10744643
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Figure_12
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oa_package/01/ae/PMC10744643.tar.gz
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[]
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Figure 12 Histopathology of linear porokeratosis. A classical basket weave hyperkeratosis (red arrow) is interrupted by a single parakeratotic column delved into epidermis (cornoid lamella; black arrowhead). A sparse inflammatory infiltrate underneath the structure (white arrowhead) can be noted (original objective magnification 20).
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yes
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PMC5363521
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Figure_7
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oa_package/18/15/PMC5363521.tar.gz
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['XB130 over-expression enhances Rac1 activation whereas Tks5 over-expression enhances Cdc42 activationA.']
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Figure 7 XB130 over-expression enhances Rac1 activation whereas Tks5 over-expression enhances Cdc42 activation BEAS-2B cells were transfected with GFP/mCherry-vectors (transfection control), GFP-XB130/mCherry vector, GFP/mCherry-Tks5, GFP-XB130 /mCherry-Tks5, GFP/Tks5 SH3#5* or GFP-XB130/Tks5 SH3#5*. Cells were stimulated with or without 50 ng/mL EGF, 500 nM PDBu or 0.1 M NNK for 1 h. Cell lysates were subjected to GST-PAK-PBD pull-down assay and immunoblotted with Rac1-GTP, Cdc42-GTP, XB130 and Tks5. Total Rac1 and total Cdc42 in cell lysates were blotted for comparison, with GAPDH as a loading control. Rac1-GTP was increased by EGF, PDBu or NNK stimulation, especially in cells over-expressing XB130 alone. Cdc42-GTP increased after PDBu or NNK stimulation and was enhanced by Tks5 over-expression. Rac1-GTP or Cdc42-GTP detection was reduced in cell lysates co-expressing XB130 and Tks5, compared with XB130 or Tks5 alone transfected cells, respectively. Tks5 SH3#5* expression with or without XB130 co-expression rescued RAC-GTP but not Cdc42-GTP expression after stimulation, specifically with EGF. XB130 and Tks5 were only detected in GST-PAK-PBD pull-downs of cells stimulated with EGF, PDBu or NNK, whereas co-expression of XB130 and Tks5 reduced their detection in GST-PAK-PBD pulldowns. Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous XB130 or Tks5 and immunoblots of Rac1, Cdc42, PAK1, Tks5 and XB130. XB130 immunoprecipitation effectively pulls down Rac1 under all treatment conditions. By contrast, immunoprecipitation of Tks5 does not pulldown Rac1, weakly pulls down Cdc42 and more effectively pulls down PAK1. Co-immunoprecipitation between XB130 and Tks5 appears to decrease after stimulation with EGF, PDBu or NNK, especially in the Tks5 immunoprecipitation blot. GAPDH is used as a reference to show the initial input of protein concentration used in each immunoprecipitation reaction.
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yes
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PMC5070838
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Figure_2
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oa_package/3c/12/PMC5070838.tar.gz
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['']
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Fig. 2 CT scan. Thyroid cartilage extension.
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yes
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PMC4642533
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Figure_1
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oa_package/62/c6/PMC4642533.tar.gz
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['MyoD, recognised as a master regulator gene for skeletal muscle differentiation27, was constructed as the tetracycline-inducible MyoD piggyBac vector (Tet-MyoD) (a).', 'To verify the undifferentiated state of the established DMD- and Control-iPStet-MyoD clones, the expression of the pluripotent stem cell markers Oct3/4, Sox2, and Nanog8 in these clones was confirmed by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) (b).', 'Expression of stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 and tumour-related antigen (TRA)-1 60, indicators for the undifferentiated stage of pluripotent stem cells, was detected by immunocytochemistry and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, further confirming that these hiPS cells retained stem cell characteristics after the introduction of the Tet-MyoD (c).', 'The skeletal muscle induction process consists of differentiation and maturation phases (d) and can be initiated by doxycycline (Dox) addition on day 1.', 'Upon activation of MyoD expression with Dox, pluripotent genes were significantly down-regulated (e), whereas genes for two endogenous myogenic regulatory factors, endogenous-MyoD and Myogenin, were up-regulated (', 'Moreover, no endogenous or unrestrained expression of MyoD was detected from transfected Tet-MyoD at day 0 (f).', 'The relative mRNA expression of endogenous-MyoD and Myogenin in each sample at day 9 of the induction demonstrated that differentiated skeletal muscle cells were comparable to skeletal muscle cells differentiated from the human myoblast cell line Hu5/E1828 (g).', 'Generation and characterization of control and DMD patient-derived Tet-MyoD-transfected hiPS cells.']
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Figure 1 Generation and characterization of control and DMD patient-derived Tet-MyoD-transfected hiPS cells. ( ) Construction of the tetracycline-inducible mCherry-linked vector (Tet-MyoD). ( ) RT-PCR analysis of Control-iPS (Father and B7) and DMD-iPS (44 and 4647) for pluripotency markers ( , , and ). ( ) Immunocytochemistry for SSEA4 and TRA160 and alkaline phosphatase staining demonstrated the pluripotent state of Control-iPS Father and DMD-iPS 44. Scale bar, 200 m. ( ) Skeletal muscle induction scheme for Tet-MyoD-transfected hiPS cells. Differentiation was initiated with Dox addition at day 1. Cells were cultured with 20% knockout serum replacement (KSR) hiPS medium for the first 2 days. ( ) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Control-iPS and DMD-iPS showing relative expression of pluripotency markers , , and and ( ) myogenic markers exogenous- and endogenous- and during the differentiation process. Data were normalised by setting day 0=1 for pluripotency markers, day 2=1 for exogenous- , and day 9=1 for endogenous- and . n=3. was used as an internal control. ( ) Relative expression of endogenous- and at day 9 of differentiation in each sample. Gene expression levels were normalised by setting levels in the human myoblast cell line Hu5/E18 at day 5 of differentiation=1. was used as an internal control. Black and white bars indicate Control- and DMD-Myocytes, respectively.
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yes
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PMC11196015
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Figure_1
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oa_package/ec/e9/PMC11196015.tar.gz
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['Fluoroscopic images show the positioning of the 26 MyVal transcatheter heart valve via a transcutaneous approach (A), its balloon dilation (B), and the final result (C).']
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Figure 1 Fluoroscopic images showthe positioning of the 26 MyVal transcatheter heart valve via a transcutaneous approach (A), its balloon dilation (B), and thefinal result (C).
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yes
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PMC9463320
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Figure_3
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oa_package/40/b5/PMC9463320.tar.gz
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[' 3).', 'Result: Example of identified 2D positions in XR (yellow markers, white arrows) are localized and visualized in 3D (orange markers) in relation to patient specific anatomic model (red structure)DiscussionThe evaluation of the phantom data demonstrated the feasibility of 3D localization from a single monoplane projection with high accuracy.']
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Fig. 3 Result: Example of identified 2D positions in XR (yellow markers, white arrows) are localized and visualized in 3D (orange markers) in relation to patient specific anatomic model (red structure)
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yes
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PMC11415586
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Figure_8
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oa_package/4a/13/PMC11415586.tar.gz
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['9Protective effects of ZnO doping on wear particle-induced mice calvaria osteolysisTo further evaluate the effect of the ZnO doping on wear particle-induced osteolysis in vivo, we conducted a calvaria osteolysis model and implanted PEEK, PE, PEEK-ZnO, and PE-ZnO wear particles (A).', 'A illustrated the wear particle-induced calvaria osteolysis model.', 'As demonstrated in E, the severity of osteolysis is significantly increased after stimulation of different wear particles.', 'Th, were also significantly increased (B D).', 'As shown in F and G, the calvaria tissue structure is more severely damaged, and the typical bone microstructure is lost, with the most TRAP+ osteoclasts observed in the PEEK and PE groups.', 'By contrast, in the PEEK-ZnO and PE-ZnO groups, the severity of bone damage and the number of TRAP+ osteoclasts were significantly decreased (H).', 'Furthermore, pathological osteolysis scoring was performed based on bone response (micro-CT), bone porosity (micro-CT), periosteal resorption, bone formation, and granuloma tissue (I and J).', 'Protective effects of ZnO doping on wear particle-induced mice calvaria osteolysis.', '4DiscussionWear particles from various materials, including CoCrMo, titanium, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), PEEK, and XLPE, have been generally considered the leading cause of periprosthetic osteolysis and aseptic loosening.']
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Fig. 6 Sec22b and TRIM16 are involved in autophagy-mediated IL-1 secretion. (A) Immunofluorescence staining on RAW264.7cells and 3D reconstruction for TRIM16 (red), LC3 (green), and DAPI (blue) (scale bar: 5m). Yellow spots indicate co-localization. (B) 3D co-localization analysis conducted by IMARIS coloc plugin. (C) Co-localization analysis of red channel (TRIM16) and green channel (LC3) conducted by FIJI software. (D) Colocalization line tracing analysis from images in (A). Gray arrows indicate the region of red-green overlap. (E) Pearson's colocalization coefcient for TRIM16 and LC3. (F) Immunofluorescence staining and 3D reconstruction for Sec22b (purple), LC3 (green), and DAPI (blue) (scale bar: 5m). White spots indicate co-localization. (G) 3D co-localization analysis conducted by IMARIS coloc plugin. (H) Co-localization analysis of purple channel (TRIM16) and green channel (LC3) conducted by FIJI software. (I) Colocalization line tracing analysis from images in (F). Gray arrows indicate the region of purple-green overlap. (J) Pearson's colocalization coefcient for Sec22b and LC3. Sample size: n=3 per group. All experiments were performed with n=3 independent biological replicates. (*** indicates P<0.001). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
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yes
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PMC7482978
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Figure_9
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oa_package/29/47/PMC7482978.tar.gz
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['Extracted parotid gland specimen.']
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Figure 9 Extracted parotid gland specimen. Strings were tied to the cord structure.
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yes
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PMC11214341
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Figure_3
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oa_package/32/b2/PMC11214341.tar.gz
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['Subtracted supra-selective arteriography: (A) left penile artery: opacification refluxing into the perineal artery (red arrow), demonstrating contrast extravasation into the corpus cavernosum (blue arrow) through a breach in the left cavernous artery (yellow arrow).', 'The follow-up examination revealed occlusion of the cavernous artery and complete attenuation of the contrast extravasation (B).', 'Contralateral opacification did not reveal any abnormalities regarding the vascularization of the right penile region (C).']
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Fig. 3 Subtracted supra-selective arteriography: (A) left penile artery: opacification refluxing into the perineal artery (red arrow), demonstrating contrast extravasation into the corpus cavernosum (blue arrow) through a breach in the left cavernous artery (yellow arrow). (B) occlusion of the left cavernous artery and the deep dorsal artery using Spongel (green arrow). (C) Right internal iliac artery: demonstrating normal nonpathological opacification of the penile and perineal vasculature. Cavernous artery (white arrow), deep dorsal artery (gray arrow), perineal arteries (blue arrow).
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yes
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PMC5636995
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Figure_2
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oa_package/65/05/PMC5636995.tar.gz
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['a Exploration of the abdominal cavity identified a 4-cm mass originating from the mesentery of the jejunum.']
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Fig. 2 Exploration of the abdominal cavity identified a 4-cm mass originating from the mesentery of the jejunum. Macroscopically, the mass appeared to be a cystic mass of the jejunal mesentery. The mass within the cyst lumen consisted of white clayish material.
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yes
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PMC7739559
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Figure_7
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oa_package/c2/96/PMC7739559.tar.gz
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['UBM corneal foreign bodyAS-OCT showed a hyperreflective area with a shadow effect in the anterior stroma, quite superficially; it was removed without complications (']
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Fig. 7 UBM corneal foreign body
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yes
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PMC6667521
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Figure_10
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oa_package/40/96/PMC6667521.tar.gz
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[]
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Fig. 10 Peroneus quartus. 44-year-old man referred for follow-up of an osteochondral lesion in the talus. Axial FSE T1 images in different planes ( ) proximal and ( ) distal demonstrate the incidental finding of a peroneus quartus (white arrow). This descends to insert in the lateral aspect of the calcaneus, with a fleshy attachment (arrowhead)
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yes
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PMC9697803
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Figure_2
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oa_package/9a/37/PMC9697803.tar.gz
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['CT scan in lung window depicting lung nodules on raw CT images (a) versus marked CT images using CAD (b).']
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Figure 2 CT scan in lung window depicting lung nodules on raw CT images ( ) versus marked CT images using CAD ( ).
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yes
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PMC9436517
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Figure_4
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oa_package/f7/21/PMC9436517.tar.gz
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['org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="10-1055-s-0042-1751031-i1821-3"/>Upper Abdomen\nIn six patients, increased uptake of\n18\nF-choline was observed in adrenal adenomas with a typical benign appearance on CT\n(\n\n)\n.', '\nTransaxial views of the upper abdomen on computed tomography (CT) (\nA\n), positron emission tomography (PET) (\nB\n) and PET/CT fusion images (\nC\n) showing focal\n18\nF-choline uptake in a nodular mass of the right adrenal gland (\narrows,\nmaximum standardized uptake value: 6.']
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Fig. 4 Transaxial views of the upper abdomen on computed tomography (CT) ( ), positron emission tomography (PET) ( ) and PET/CT fusion images ( ) showing focal F-choline uptake in a nodular mass of the right adrenal gland ( maximum standardized uptake value: 6.6) and a typical aspect of an adrenal adenoma on CT (radiodensity of -5 Hounsfield units).
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yes
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PMC5465256
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Figure_2
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oa_package/04/ce/PMC5465256.tar.gz
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[]
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FIGURE 2 Blast exposure reduced glycocalyx thickness in brain capillaries. Representative electron micrographs of capillaries from hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex, corpus striatum, and corpus callosum taken from blast and sham blasted animals. Endothelial glycocalyx is the darkly stained filamentous layer present on the lumen of the capillary. All insets represent magnified image; scale bar = 500 nm.
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yes
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PMC11382307
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Figure_6
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oa_package/8b/46/PMC11382307.tar.gz
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['The HNSS group showed significantly shorter escape latency than AD group, while HNG+SS31 group was not significant (A).', 'In probe trials when the platform was removed, the paths of HNSS-treated mice showed bias distribution in the target quadrant, as reflected by the larger numbers of platform-crossing and more percentage of swimming distance (A and 6B).', 'Mitochondrial protection, A deposit inhibition, glial activation attenuation and memory improvement by HNSS in 3 Tg-AD mice.', '3.', '11Improvement of mitochondrial function and ultrastructureWith the intensified p-STAT3 activation potency as revealed by in vitro cell model, this effect of HNSS was confirmed in the brain of 3 Tg-AD mice (C).', '6 % compared with WT group (C).', 'The ultrastructure of mitochondria in hippocampal CA1 area was observed by TEM (D).', 'Both HNG+SS31 and HNSS treatment alleviated mitochondrial damage to some extent, while HNSS-treated group showed closer mitochondrial parameters to those of the WT group (D).', 'As shown in E, 3 Tg-AD mice exhibited amyloid plaques, especially in hippocampal subiculum (Sub) and entorhinal cortex (EC).', '7 % of the AD group (F), respectively.', 'Therefore, consistent with effective A burden amelioration by HNSS intervention, the fluorescence of microglial Iba1 was significantly lower than that of untreated AD mice in the hippocampus, and the microglial morphology reversed from hypertrophic amoeboid to normal, implying inhibited microglial activation (G).', 'Meanwhile, in the near-A deposits area, the recruitment of microglia and astrocytes for A clearance was also improved by HNSS, as reflected by the increased glial cell-deposit colocation (H).', 'Corresponding with the glial cells inactivation, the NLRP3 expression, mRNA level of IL-1 and TNF- significantly dropped in HNSS group, which collectively reflected the relieved inflammation status in AD mice brain (I and 6J).', 'As a result of amyloid burden relief, glial cell inactivation and inflammation inhibition, the area percentage of pyknotic neuron was significantly reduced in hippocampal DG area (K), implying the alleviated neuron impairment that could account for the memory improvement after HNSS intervention.']
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Fig. 4 The A fibrillation and oligomerization inhibition effects of HNSS. (A) Bound fraction curves of peptide and A analyzed by microscale thermophoresis. 50 nM FITC-A was incubated with different concentrations of HNG or HNSS in PBS. (B) ThT fluorescence intensity of mixture of 10 M A and 10 or 1 M various peptide at 37 C for 24 h and 48 h. (C, D) Representative SDS-PAGE analysis of A species. 10 M A monomer solution was incubated with 10 M (C) or 2 M (D) of various peptides at 37 C for 12 h or 48 h and were loaded on gel and immunoblotted. Semi-quantification of A monomer (4 kDa), low-molecular-weight oligomers (20 kDa) and high-molecular-weight oligomers (48300 kDa) by Image J. Data were presented as mean SD ( = 3). * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, compared with the blank A group. < 0.05, < 0.01, between the compared groups.
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yes
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PMC8634449
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Figure_8
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oa_package/31/fc/PMC8634449.tar.gz
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['Among them, EVs-EGCG -treated mice showed the mildest inflammation and smooth cartilage surface (A).', 'The EVs-EGCG group showed a lower score of histological changes (B).', '.']
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Figure 8. The sections and scores of cartilage tissue in different treatment groups. ( ) Hematoxylin-eosin staining of rats joints in distinct treatment groups. Arrows represent the generation of vascular opacities, and asterisks indicate cartilage destruction. ( ) Pathological evaluation of synovial tissue determined by HSS.
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yes
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PMC5467421
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Figure_1
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oa_package/9b/3d/PMC5467421.tar.gz
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['All patients underwent concomitant or prior arthroscopy of the central compartment, and then abductor repair using an iliotibial band-sparing approach to the peritrochanteric space ().', '.']
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Fig. 1. Viewing a right hip: (A) Initially two anteriorly based portals are established to develop the peritrochanteric space lateral to the greater trochanter (GT) and deep to the iliotibial band. Surface markings for the GT and vastus lateralis ridge (VLR) are noted as well as routine markings that would be used for arthroscopy of the central compartment. (B) Once the space and anatomy has been fully identified, portals for gluteal repair are then established. Three laterally based portals have been positioned for gluteal repair. A viewing portal with a 30 arthroscope is just posterior to the vastus lateralis ridge. A working portal with an 8.5mm disposable cannula is just distal to the ridge. Anchors are inserted from a proximal portal allowing placement perpendicular to the trochanteric cortex.
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yes
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PMC10501508
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Figure_8
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oa_package/95/31/PMC10501508.tar.gz
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['The teledermatologist reviewed the image and described erythematous macules that appeared to have scale or crust on the nasal tip and ala ().', 'Case 4.', 'Case 5A 69-year-old man with a 2-month history of blistering lips with skin peeling and pain unresponsive to Vaseline was referred to teledermatology.']
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Figure 8 Case 4. Submitted image to teledermatology showing erythematous macules with apparent scale or crust on the nasal tip and ala.
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yes
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PMC7465433
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Figure_5
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oa_package/e0/25/PMC7465433.tar.gz
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['046; Table IV and A).', 'Images of KI-induced thyroiditis in male rats.']
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Figure 5 Images of KI-induced thyroiditis in male rats. (A) Fibrosis, inflammation, vascular congestion and resorption vacuoles (VG, x20) and (B) follicular epithelium details (VG, x40). KI, potassium iodine; VG, van Gieson's stain.
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yes
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PMC6982671
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Figure_1
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oa_package/d1/86/PMC6982671.tar.gz
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['05 is non-significant; (+), mild; (++), moderate; (-), not seen; NC, Negative control group; PC, Positive control (non-treated) group; AFLD, Rats were treated with low dose of NDV strain AF 2240; AFHD, Rats were treated with high dose of NDV strain AF 2240; AFFU, Rats were treated with NDV strain AF2240 + 5-Fluorouracil; V4LD, Rats were treated with low dose of NDV strain V4-UPM; V4HD, Rats were treated with high dose of NDV strain V4-UPM; V4FU, Rats were treated with NDV strain V4-UPM + 5-Fluorouracil; FU, Rats were treated with 5-Fluorouracil Rat Liver Hematoxylin and Eosins (HE) Stained Section: Kupfer Changes Hyperplasia with Fatty Cells (Arrow).', '12 fat cysts also evidence of greater damage to liver suggesting that AOM in the doses used to induce dysplastic changes induce above changes in liver ( and ).']
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Figure 1 Rat Liver Hematoxylin and Eosins (HE) Stained Section: Kupfer Changes Hyperplasia with Fatty Cells (Arrow)
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yes
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PMC10684955
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Figure_5
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oa_package/88/37/PMC10684955.tar.gz
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['The density of Iba1 was examined in CA1, CA3, DG and subiculum subregions within the rostral and caudal hippocampus (s 5A,B).', 'As shown in an example from a WT female, Iba1-labeled cells were found scattered throughout all lamina in the CA1, CA3 and DG; however, the pyramidal and granule cell layers contain fewer Iba1-labeled cells (A).', 'Representative micrographs showing the distribution of Iba1 labeling in the rostral and caudal CA1 from each of the four animal groups are shown in s 5C F,H respectively.', 'Iba1 labeling is elevated in select hippocampal regions of SWDI mice.', '1CA1 and subiculumIn the rostral CA1 there were no significant differences in the density of Iba1 between WT-oil and WT-VCD mice in any subregion of the rostral or caudal CA1, or in the subiculum (s 5G,L).', '0001), SWDI-oil compared WT-oil had greater densities of Iba1 labeling (L).']
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Figure 5 Iba1 labeling is elevated in select hippocampal regions of SWDI mice. Low magnification photomicrographs of Iba1 labeling the rostral and caudal hippocampus. Boxes indicate regions of the CA1, CA3a, CA3b, dentate gyrus (DG) and subiculum (Sub) that were sampled. Representative micrographs showing Iba1 labeling in the rostral CA1 of WT-Oil , WT-VCD , SWDI-Oil. , and SWDI-VCD mice. The density of Iba1 labeling in rostral CA1 SO is increased in SWDI-VCD mice compared to WT-VCD mice. Representative micrographs showing Iba1 labeling in the caudal CA1/subiculum of WT-Oil , WT-VCD , SWDI-Oil , and SWDI-VCD mice. The density of Iba1 labeling in caudal CA1 SO and subiculum is increased in SWDI-WT and SWDI-VCD mice compared to their WT counterparts. Bars =200 m, =50 m; * <0.05; *** <0.001; **** <0.0001 by two-way ANOVA with Tukeys or Sidaks multiple comparison analysis. Data are meanSEM, =1011 animals per experimental group.
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yes
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PMC9366201
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Figure_7
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oa_package/24/72/PMC9366201.tar.gz
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['63%) ().', '006" position="float"/>(a).']
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Figure 7 (a). Antegrade pyelography showing ureteral stop secondary to an iatrogenic ureteral lesion during open surgery. (b) and (c). Three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction of the artery Ao, abdominal aorta. (d) Sagittal CT image showing KAT location and vasculature.
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yes
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PMC8642132
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Figure_4
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oa_package/bf/43/PMC8642132.tar.gz
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['Hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue section of skin from upper back (original magnification x10).']
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Figure 4 Hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue section of skin from upper back (original magnification x10). The section of skin shows scattered necrotic keratinocytes within the epidermis with necrosis of the epidermis, separation of the dermo-epidermal junction, and an underlying interface and superficial perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrate of lymphocytes and rare eosinophils.
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yes
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PMC6766113
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Figure_3
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oa_package/81/c5/PMC6766113.tar.gz
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['Therefore, a complete mass excision with splenectomy was decided and performed (see s 3 5).', '002"/>Intraoperative picture that shows the multicystic lesion attached to the spleen.']
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Figure 3 Intraoperative picture that shows the multicystic lesion attached to the spleen.
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yes
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PMC2699126
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Figure_2
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oa_package/90/8d/PMC2699126.tar.gz
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['At the peak of T cell expansion, 4 d after vaccination, total cell counts of transferred OT-II cells in the spleen of DC mice were fourfold lower as compared with control mice ( A).', 'In addition, OT-II cells in DC mice were only partially activated, which is indicated by inefficient down-regulation of the surface marker CD62L ( B).', 'We further observed only a weak OVA-specific response of CD8 T cells upon MVA-OVA immunization of DC mice (, C and D).', 'Adult worms were efficiently cleared from WT mice, whereas DC mice could not eliminate the parasites ( E).', 'brasiliensis-infected DC mice showed impaired recruitment of eosinophils to the lung ( F).', 'Impaired negative selection of CD4 T cells in DC miceDCs can mediate clonal deletion of self-reactive T cells in the thymus (5 10).']
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Figure 2. (A) Frequency of OT-II cells in the spleen after adoptive transfer and before (open bars) or 4 d after (filled bars) MVA-OVA immunization of DC or control mice. Pooled results are from two separate experiments. = 4; *, P < 0.028. (B) Transferred OT-II cells (Thy1.1 ) are less activated (CD62L ) in DC as compared with control mice. (C) Kinetics of expansion of K -OVA pentamer-specific CD8 T cells in DC mice (open circles) or controls (filled circles) after immunization with MVA-OVA. = 3 DC mice and 2 controls. Error bars show SD. (D) Dot plots are gated on CD8 cells and show staining of K -OVA pentamers versus CD62L. (E) Number of adult worms in the small intestine of four DC mice or controls on day 10 after infection from two independent experiments. The filled circles show worm counts from individual mice. The bars show the means. (F) Frequency of CD4 T cells (CD4 Siglec-F ) and eosinophils (CD4 Siglec-F ) in dispersed total lung tissue of DC mice and controls. Dot plots are representative of four mice per group.
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yes
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PMC6858720
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Figure_1
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oa_package/a1/f5/PMC6858720.tar.gz
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['1).', 'Overview of imaging techniques for tissue characterisation.', 'Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; ECV, extracellular volumeOne such method is speckle tracking-echocardiography (STE).']
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Fig. 1 Overview of imaging techniques for tissue characterisation. Accurate characterisation of important myocardial features, such as fibrosis or myocyte hypertrophy, would allow non-invasive diagnosis of myocardial pathology, potentially allowing the development of personalized therapies. (Image contains material licensed under CC-BY 3.0 from ). Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; ECV, extracellular volume
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yes
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PMC4165778
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Figure_5
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oa_package/a1/41/PMC4165778.tar.gz
|
['(A) Representative pathology of the tumor masses harvested from the four study groups further confirm the size reduction of tumor masses in mice receiving combination therapy with chemo plus radiofrequency heat (RFH).']
|
Figure 5 (A) Representative pathology of the tumor masses harvested from the four study groups further confirm the size reduction of tumor masses in mice receiving combination therapy with chemo plus radiofrequency heat (RFH). (B) Comparison of the relative tumor volume among the four treatment shows that RFH-enhanced chemotherapy significantly inhibits tumor growth at week 2 post-treatment.
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yes
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PMC8595592
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Figure_5
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oa_package/a5/4b/PMC8595592.tar.gz
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['The development of AD was indicated by significant increases in total and OVA-specific serum IgE levels compared to PBS-treated controls (A), as well as skin alterations such as epidermal thickening and/or immune cell infiltration (s 5C E).', 'aureus completely (B).']
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FIGURE 5 p4 reduces MRSA burden and accompanying skin inflammation in the experimental model of AD. Mice were subjected to tape-striping and OVA challenge to induce an AD-like phenotype (Atopy). Allergic changes were monitored by ELISA specific for total or OVA-specific serum IgE levels, upper and lower panels, respectively. The negative control represents sera from sex- and aged-matched unchallenged mice (control). The positive control represents sera of mice immunized i.p. with OVA in the presence of alum adjuvant for 10 days (OVA+Alum). The antibody titers are shown as mean SD ng/ml or OD (optical density units) for the indicated sets of sera. = 45, *** < 0.001; ** < 0.01; * < 0.05 by KruskalWallis test with Dunns multiple comparisons test. Mice were subjected to tape-striping and OVA challenge, followed by bacterial challenge and/or treatment with the indicated factors. Data points indicate the number of live bacteria recovered from the skin surface 24 h after application of , = 8. ** < 0.01; * < 0.05 by the KruskalWallis test with Dunns multiple comparison test. Representative Gram staining of the indicated skin biopsies from the AD model. on the skin surface is indicated by . Representative fluorescence microscope images of the indicated AD skin, stained with Hoechst to detect DNA (blue) and anti-CD45 to identify leukocytes (red). Data points indicate # of leukocytes (CD45+) infiltrating the indicated area of AD skin, = 3 mice per group. **** < 0.0001; *** < 0.001; ns, not significant; by one-way ANOVA with Dunnetts multiple comparisons test. Scale bar = 20 m.
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yes
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PMC5501834
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Figure_4
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oa_package/0f/1f/PMC5501834.tar.gz
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[' 4A).', ' 4B).', ' 4A,C).', 'Effect of fluvoxamine on eNSC differentiation to glial and oligodendrocyte cells.', '\nEffect of fluvoxamine on eNSC differentiation to neurons.']
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Figure 4 Effect of fluvoxamine on eNSC differentiation to glial and oligodendrocyte cells. ( ) Representative immunofluorescence images of differentiated embryonic NSCs stained with GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, an astrocyte marker, red) or MBP (Myelin Basic Protein, an oligodendrocyte marker, green) and Hoechst (a nuclei marker, blue) in control, and treated groups at day 6. White scale bars indicate 100 m. ( , ) Quantification of the frequency of GFAP and MBP positive cells in treated groups, normalized to the control group. Results showed that at 1 and 5nM concentrations are optimal for differentiation to MBP and GFAP positive cell, respectively. Each group included 3 replicates (n=3). Values are presented as meanSEM for 15field/well. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001 and ****p<0.0001.
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yes
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PMC5106215
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Figure_7
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oa_package/3d/08/PMC5106215.tar.gz
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['We found that Lyn was activated (phosphorylation at Tyr 397) by A 1-42 treatment in primary cortical neurons and SH-SY5Y neuronal cells (Author response image 1A).', 'In addition, we observed that knockdown of Lyn expression by shRNA suppressed A - induced Lyn activation and Fc RIIb phosphorylation (tyrosine 273) (Author response image 1B).', 'When we examined the activity of this Lyn inhibitor in vitroand in vivo, we consistently found that the Lyn inhibitor effectively prevented Fc RIIb-induced cell death (Author response image 1C) and A -induced Lyn activation and Fc RIIb phosphorylation (Author response image 1D).', 'Moreover, Lyn inhibitor reduced the A -induced cell death in primary cortical neurons (Author response image 1E).', '10.']
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10.7554/eLife.18691.009
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yes
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PMC6883876
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Figure_4
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oa_package/9f/20/PMC6883876.tar.gz
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['Cut was extended palatally and the remaining cut was made using 3-mm chisel and mallet [].', "Intraoperative picture showing flap elevation after Weber Ferguson incision and exposure of tumorWhole specimenImmediate postoperative(a) Antoni A and B areas with ill-defined areas of nuclear palisading (H and E 200 and (b) positive staining for S100 protein-S-100 protein immunoperoxidase avidin biotin complex techniqueMaxillary obturator in functional positionDISCUSSIONSchwannoma also called as Schwann's cell tumor or neurilemmoma is a benign tumor of neuroectodermal origin arising from the Schwann cells of the neural sheath."]
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Figure 4 Intraoperative picture showing flap elevation after WeberFerguson incision and exposure of tumor
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yes
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PMC9062281
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Figure_2
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oa_package/86/31/PMC9062281.tar.gz
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['MRI of the right humerus.']
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Figure 2 MRI of the right humerus. (A) Coronal T1, (B) axial T1 fat-suppressed, (C) sagittal T2, and (D) axial T2 images showing hyperintense localized subperiosteal fluid collections (yellow arrows) with fluid-debris levels (blue arrow). Ill-defined cystic changes in the proximal and distal metaphysis of the right humerus are likely due to iron deposition, chelation, and red marrow conversion (red arrows).
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yes
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PMC11487719
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Figure_6
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oa_package/aa/3e/PMC11487719.tar.gz
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[' 6a-c) Likewise, both heart and skin tissues showed normal histological organization in 50 ppm receiving group (', ' 6d, e).', ' 6f1).', ' 6f2).', ' 6g).', ' 6h).', ' 6i1).', ' 6i2).', '\nPhotomicrographs representing various organ sections stained by H E obtained from different experimental groups.', 'Note: epithelial hyperplasia (black arrow), necrosis (blue arrow), intraluminal exudates (black star), inflammatory cells (blue star), vasculitis (blue circle), hemorrhage (red star), edema (blue triangle)\nThe scoring scheme of all examined organs was summarized in Table 6.']
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Fig. 6 Photomicrographs representing various organ sections stained by H&E obtained from different experimental groups. ( - ) Heart, skin, and lung sections, respectively, obtained from the control group showed normal histology. ( - ) Heart, skin, and lung sections, respectively, obtained from group receiving 50mg ZnO NPs showed normal histological structure of both myocardium and skin tissue along with moderate histological changes in the pulmonary tissues. ( - ) Heart, skin, and lung sections, respectively, obtained from group receiving 100mg ZnO NPs showed severe histopathological alterations. Note: epithelial hyperplasia (black arrow), necrosis (blue arrow), intraluminal exudates (black star), inflammatory cells (blue star), vasculitis (blue circle), hemorrhage (red star), edema (blue triangle)
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yes
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PMC9644391
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Figure_1
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oa_package/d9/a6/PMC9644391.tar.gz
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[' 1a, Supplementary Table 1).', ' 1b, Supplementary Table 1).', ' 1c, Supplementary Table 2).', ' 1a, Supplementary Table 1).', 'Clinical history of acute EBOV infection and uveitis.', 'Ophthalmic presentation and evolution after experimental EBOV infectionAt 21 d after EBOV exposure, eyelid splinting and periorbital erythema of the left eye (OS) were seen during cageside observations and during anesthetized procedures (', ' 1d).', ' 1d).', ' 1d).', ' 1a, Supplementary Table 3).', ' 1e).', ' 1e).', ' 1e).', ' 1f).', ' 1f).']
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Fig. 1 Clinical history of acute EBOV infection and uveitis. Complete timeline starting with baseline (BL) assessment and ending at necropsy on day 99. Presence of ocular clinical signs and collection of aqueous humor through anterior chamber paracentesis are indicated with dots that are called out with indicator lines. EBOV genome equivalents (GEq) in sera, determined by RT-qPCR (red triangles), along with rhesusmonkey-specific anti-EBOV IgG antibodies in serum detected by ELISA (orange dots). LOD, limit of detection of assay. Clinical euthanasia scores recorded via cageside observation. Therapeutic human monoclonal antibody 1C3 dosing schedule is indicated with arrows. Concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and platelet counts determined in blood are shown over time. Edema, eyelid splinting, anterior chamber fibrin clot, and iris vessel dilation visible from day 21 through day 30. Photographs of the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes, documenting vitreous haze OS with improvement over time. Precontrast and post-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) images of the globes. Volumetric measurements of both eyes extrapolated from MR scans show decreased eye volume OS, suggestive of hypotony. D; day.
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yes
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PMC9618726
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Figure_2
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oa_package/02/84/PMC9618726.tar.gz
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[', 2021; A).', ', 2018; B).', ', 2018; C).', ', 2020; D).', 'Finally, multiple types of post-translational modifications, including acetylation, oxidation, and phosphorylation, can enhance or weaken the clearance of tau through autophagy (E).']
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FIGURE 2 The crosstalk between tau and autophagy. Macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy are involved in tau degradation in neurons. Tau protein can be secreted the autophagy-based unconventional secretory pathway. Pathological tau reduces its binding affinity to microtubules, thereby leading to microtubule depolymerization and the impairment of both the degradative lysosome transportation to axons and the retrograde transport of autophagosomes to lysosomes. Tau accumulation disrupts autophagosome-lysosome fusion inhibiting IST1 expression and disrupting ESCRT-III complex formation. Post- translational modifications of tau regulate its degradation by autophagy. Hsc70, heat shock cognate 70; Lamp-2A, lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A; ESCRT, the endosomal sorting complex required for transport; IST1, IST1 factor associated with ESCRT-III; e-MI, endocytic microautophagy; CMA, chaperone-mediated autophagy.
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yes
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PMC11040408
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Figure_6
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oa_package/99/f2/PMC11040408.tar.gz
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['Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram revealing main pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve stenosis (arrow).']
|
Figure 6 Computed tomography pulmonary angiogram revealing main pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve stenosis (arrow).
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yes
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PMC3099075
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Figure_2
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oa_package/c8/bc/PMC3099075.tar.gz
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['Dense fibrous tissue along with collection of inflammatory cells and cords of hepatocytes (H and E, 100)Variably dilated biliary ductular channels surrounded by the dense fibrous tissue, collection of inflammatory cells and cords of hepatocytes (H and E, 100)Overall mortality was one (11.']
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Figure 2 Dense fibrous tissue along with collection of inflammatory cells and cords of hepatocytes (H and E, 100)
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yes
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PMC6199958
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Figure_1
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oa_package/1b/a6/PMC6199958.tar.gz
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[]
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FIGURE 1 Generation of mice expressing the human CX3CR1 variant. To confirm that human CX3CR1 signals effectively in response to mouse FKN, CX3CR1-KO bone marrow derived macrophages were transfected with pIRES expression vectors expressing the respective human sequences WT (V249/T280), or M280 (I249/M280) CX3CR1. Cells were compared in migration assays in response to various concentrations of soluble recombinant mouse fractalkine. Transfection of vectors into KO or WT macrophages show dose dependent transmigration of cells in response to mouse recombinant FKN. Samples were run in duplicates and data represents the average of three independent experiments. Targeting construct containing the hCX3CR1 sequence was engineered using the pEasyflox vector harboring a 12 Kb fragment containing the 5 mouse CX3CR1 UTR (Short Arm, SA) upstream of the human CX3CR1 start codon, and a 7.0 Kb fragment spanning the 3 mouse UTR [long arm (LA)], and targeting strategy depicting the location of probes for validation by Southern blots, and PCR genotyping. After delivery of the targeting constructs to ES cells, positive clones with successful homologous recombination were identified by Southern blots upon HincII and AflII digestion to confirm insertion at both 5 and 3 ends with SA and LA specific probes. Expression of CX3CR1 was confirmed at the transcript levels in sorted microglial cells from corresponding, CX3CR1-WT, KO, and hCX3CR1 = 3 samples per group. < 0.05.
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yes
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PMC4420970
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Figure_1
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oa_package/fa/0f/PMC4420970.tar.gz
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['A visual summary of these steps is provided in figure 1.']
|
Figure1 Illustrating the steps for manufacturing a three-dimensional (3D) patient-specific model, the example showing a patient with an enlarged Marfan-like aortic root.
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yes
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PMC2847211
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Figure_8
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oa_package/bb/1f/PMC2847211.tar.gz
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[]
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Fig. (4) Thickened aortic valve and enlarged ascending aorta.
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yes
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PMC4628268
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Figure_12
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oa_package/66/a0/PMC4628268.tar.gz
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[]
|
Fig. 12 NO/ROS production by BV-2 cells after LPS stimulation was mitigated by LOX-12/15 inhibition, but not by LOX-5 inhibition. BV-2 cells were serum starved for 3h followed by 1-h incubation with indicated concentrations of LOX inhibitors: , zileuton for LOX-5 inhibition; , NCTT-956 for LOX-12 inhibition; and , PD146176 for LOX-15 inhibition. The cells were then stimulated with 200ng/mL LPS. NO production was measured in conditioned medium 16h post-stimulation by Griess protocol. , , ROS production was measured 12h post-stimulation with CM-H2DCFDA fluorescence. Results were expressed as the meanSEM ( =3), and the significant difference between the respective groups was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnetts post-tests, * <0.05; ** <0.01; *** <0.001
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yes
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PMC10732318
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Figure_2
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oa_package/00/a5/PMC10732318.tar.gz
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['The bone was replaced, and the incision was closed (A and B, <ext-link xlink:href="https://vimeo.']
|
FIG. 2 Intraoperative photographs from a supracerebellar infratentorial approach to the lesion. A stalk was seen emerging from the dorsal aspect of the cerebellum ( ) and entering a tentorial defect into the torcula ( ). The lesion was isolated and divided and the tentorial occluded with Gelfoam and Tisseel ( ).
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yes
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PMC7126906
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Figure_4
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oa_package/ee/2b/PMC7126906.tar.gz
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['', 'These cytokines were expressed not only mainly by septal macrophages, but also by alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes (', 'IL-10 was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of septal macrophages (', 'Consecutive sections immunolabelled for PRRSV antigen, IFN- and IL-10 showed co-localization of IFN- and PRRSV antigen, whereas the expression of IL-10 occurred in areas without expression of IFN- (', 'Immunolabelling for IFN- , IFN- , IL-12p40 and IL-10 was associated with areas of mild to moderate interstitial pneumonia and was much less in areas of pulmonary parenchyma without lesions (']
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Fig.4 (AC) Consecutive sections of the lung of a pig killed at 7dpi showing alveolar and septal macrophages labelled for expression of PRRSV, IL-10 and IFN-, respectively. IHC. Bar, 25m. (D) Detail of a septal macrophage showing cytoplasmic expression of IL-10. IHC. Bar, 20m. (E) Detail of an alveolar macrophage and three septal macrophages expressing IFN-. IHC. Bar, 20m. (F) Septal macrophages and an intravascular macrophage expressing IFN- in the lung of a pig killed at 3dpi with mild thickening of the alveolar septa. IHC. Bar, 20m. (G) Septal macrophages showing cytoplasmic expression of IL-12p40, in the lung of a pig killed at 7dpi with marked thickening of the alveolar septa. IHC. Bar, 25m.
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yes
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PMC2808388
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Figure_4
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oa_package/b4/1d/PMC2808388.tar.gz
|
['However, the increase was significantly higher in the -syn-neurodegeneration group (A), where numbers gradually decreased to control levels at 8 15 weeks.', 'In contrast, when cell death occurred, microglia cell numbers peaked at 8 weeks, to eventually drop significantly and return to basal levels at 15 weeks (A).', 'g004Microglia morphology and cell number.', 'Four cellular profiles (B) were defined according to the length and thickness of their processes, the characteristics of their cell body and the look of the nucleus as detailed in Material and Methods.', 'We observed that in all groups at 4 weeks type D (macrophagic) cells constitute over 40 of the microglia population (C).', 'At 8 weeks the most distinctive event is the significant prevalence of type D microglia in the -syn-cell death group, whereas both GFP and -syn-neurodegeneration show similar profile distribution (C).', 'At this time point, 37 of the microglia in GFP have returned to their resting stage (Type A, C).', 'MHC II microglia exhibited in all groups and at all time points type B morphology (B), although at 4 weeks a fraction of the cells exhibited Type C morphology (not shown).']
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0008784.g004
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yes
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PMC9588321
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Figure_2
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oa_package/6a/f5/PMC9588321.tar.gz
|
['The disordered and incompact microstructure and a local SB defect were shown in the OP OA group (b) compared with the healthy SB in the sham group (a).', 'By contrast, EQ preserved bone mass and improved the microstructure of SB (c).', '05 vs the sham groupEvaluation of the subchondral bone by using micro-CT.']
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Figure 2 Evaluation of the subchondral bone by using micro-CT. (A) Sagittal image of the medial tibial plateau of the sham group; (B) Bone loss, loose microstructure, and a defect zone were shown in the subchondral bone (white arrow) in the osteoporotic osteoarthritis (OP OA) group; (C) Increased bone mass and improved microstructure were shown in the equol (EQ) group (vs the OP OA group); (D-H) Analysis result of the microstructural parameters including bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), structure model index (SMI), and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp). # <0.05 vs the OP OA group; @ <0.05 vs the sham group
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yes
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PMC8673840
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Figure_2
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oa_package/ab/89/PMC8673840.tar.gz
|
['That slow rate of the (non-hydrolytic) B IB transition is conveniently measured in macroscopic inside-out patch recordings by activating pre-phosphorylated E1371S CFTR channels using a brief (~1 min) exposure to 5 mM ATP, and then observing the slow rate of macroscopic current decay upon sudden ATP removal (A, black trace); the time constant of a fitted exponential reports burst (B, black bar), that is, the average life time of the B state.', 'Introduction of the R117H mutation into this background robustly accelerated the current decay (A, blue trace), yielding ~6-fold shortening of burst (B, blue bar), consistent with an earlier report using the E1371Q background (Yu et al.', '.', ' figure supplement 1.', ' figure supplement 2.', 'If the phenotype caused by the R117H mutation is indeed due to loss of the R117-E1124 interaction, then a similar phenotype should be brought about by perturbations of position 1124.', 'As expected, truncation of the E1124 side chain using the E1124A mutation did not affect closing rate (A, violet trace; B, violet bar), confirming that the E1124 side chain is not required for a normal burst duration.', 'A slight shortening of burst by the E1124G mutation suggested that increasing flexibility of ECL6 only marginally accelerates closing rate (A, green trace; B, green bar).', 'However, neither the E1124P (A, orange trace; B, orange bar) nor the E1126P ( figure supplement 1) mutation caused a shortening of burst.', 'Indeed, in our E1371S background construct introduction of the E1124 mutation produced a phenotype very similar to that of R117H, accelerating the macroscopic current decay (A, red trace), and shortening burst by ~6-fold (B, red bar).', 'The change in strength of the target interaction during step S1 S2 ( Gint(S1 S2)) is obtained as the difference between GS2-S10 values along two parallel sides of the mutant cycle (E).', 'Introducing the R117H mutation into an E1124 background caused only marginal further acceleration of E1371S non-hydrolytic closing rate (C, green trace), shortening burst ~1.', '47-fold (D, green vs.', 'In energetic terms, the ~6-fold shortening of burst brought about by the R117H mutation alone (D, blue vs.', '8 kT decrease in the height of the free enthalpy barrier for the B IB transition ( GT++-B0; E, number on top horizontal arrow).', '39 kT (E, number on bottom horizontal arrow).', 'The difference between those two numbers quantifies the change in the strength of the R117-E1124 interaction in an E1371S channel while it progresses from the B state to the T state, on its way toward the IB closed state (E, purple number).', 'Second, whereas the arginine at the position corresponding to 117 in hsCFTR is absolutely conserved across species, the residue at the position equivalent to 1124 is not ( figure supplement 2).', 'On the other hand, the lengths of both ECL6 and ECL1 are absolutely conserved ( figure supplement 2), consistent with 3D spacing between those two loops playing an important role.', 'Our data suggest that is not the case, as mutation E1126P which truncates the E1126 side chain did not result in an R117H-like phenotype, but rather prolonged burst ( figure supplement 1).', 'The reason for the latter effect is unclear, but might be due to changes in flexibility of the ECL6 loop which natively contains three glycines (sequence: GEGEG; figure supplement 2).', 'Mutation E1126P (GEGEG GEGPG) is expected to reduce, whereas mutation E1124G (GEGEG GGGEG) is expected to increase ECL6 flexibility: correspondingly, burst was prolonged by the former, but slightly shortened by the latter (A B, green) mutation.', 'The magnitude of the effect on B-state stability of disrupting the 117 1124 H-bond depended on the choice of the non-hydrolytic model: burst was shortened by ~6-fold in the E1371S (C D), but by ~30-fold in the D1370N (A B) background.', '4 kT [E] vs.', 'Kinetic analysis of electrophysiological dataTo obtain relaxation time constants (B and D), macroscopic current relaxations were fitted to single exponentials by non-linear least squares (Clampfit 11).', 'If MD simulations were carried out, it would strengthen the manuscript if the authors provided additional data with the MD trajectories showing that the structures on which the calculations were carried out are stable, and that the minimal distance shown in Suppl.', 'If MD simulations were carried out, it would strengthen the manuscript if the authors provided additional data with the MD trajectories showing that the structures on which the calculations were carried out are stable, and that the minimal distance shown in Suppl.']
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Figure 1figure supplement 1. Close-up view of the R117-E1124 interaction in the quasi-open human CFTR structure. Electron density ( , EMD-9230) and atomic model ( ; pdbid: 6msm) of the ECL6 loop around position 1124 ( and ), and of the ECL1 loop around position 117 ( ). Both loops are well represented, and density for the R117 side chain is visible down to the delta carbon.
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yes
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PMC10715010
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Figure_1
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oa_package/b6/81/PMC10715010.tar.gz
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['In order to validate the various SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, both uninfected and SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero cells were stained for viral N and M proteins, nsp3, 4, and 13, and dsRNA ().', 'The N and M protein antibodies revealed a dotted, cytoplasmic pattern in the perinuclear region of infected Vero cells, whereas uninfected cells showed homogeneous weak background fluorescence (A through D).', 'The only nsp3 antibody we tested was very weak, even after testing multiple dilutions (1:10 1:1,000) and only stained a few spots per infected cell (E and F).', 'The antibody against nsp4 showed background staining in uninfected cells (G), even at lower concentrations (data not shown).', 'Still, nsp4 staining in infected cells demonstrates a clear dotted pattern spread throughout the whole cell (H).', 'The nsp13 antibody did not specifically stain infected cells at this time point of infection (I and J).', 'The dsRNA labeling in uninfected Vero cells shows a dotted pattern present in the nucleus and cytosol, but in SAR-CoV-2-infected cells, the staining is very distinct in the perinuclear region (K and L).', 'As an extra control, secondary fluorescent antibody was used without a primary antibody (M and N), and no signal was detected for both infected and uninfected cells.', 'Fluorescence microscopy detection of viral proteins on SARS-CoV-2-infected and uninfected Vero cells.', 'Using FM on Vero cells, it already has been shown that dsRNA is present in punctate spots in the perinuclear region ().']
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Fig 1 Fluorescence microscopy detection of viral proteins on SARS-CoV-2-infected and uninfected Vero cells. Cryo-sections of 300 nm in thickness from uninfected (left) and 24 h-infected SARS-CoV-2 (right) Vero cells were stained with Hoechst dye to identify nuclei (blue) and primary antibodies followed by secondary antibody labeled with Alexa 488 (green) detecting viral components as follows: (A, B) N protein; (C, D) M protein; (E, F) nsp3; (G, H) nsp4; (I, J) nsp13; and (K, L) dsRNA. As a control (M, N), the primary antibody was omitted and only secondary fluorescent antibody Alexa 488 was used. Scale bar represents 20 m.
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yes
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PMC10394458
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Figure_2
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oa_package/f4/12/PMC10394458.tar.gz
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['Other sites of neuroaxis involvement and illustrative neuroimaging in a few of our cohort cases are summarized in Table 2 and , respectively.', 'Table 2Spectrum of neuroaxis involvement in neuroimaging (all causes combined)Sites involvedNumber of patients (n)*Basal ganglia (caudate/putamen/globus pallidi/subthalamic nuclei)19Thalamus8Posterior fossa Brainstem (dorsal pons, substantia nigra (SN), middle cerebellar peduncle)6 Cerebellum (cerebellar atrophy, rhombencephalitis, dentate nucleus)3 Corpus callosum3 Cortex/gray matter3 Subcortical white matter3 Periventricular white matter3 Diffusion restriction2 Cerebral atrophy3*The numbers do not add up as each patient may have multiple sites of neuroaxis involvement in various permutations and combinationsIllustrative neuroimaging features of our pre-SD and SD cohort.']
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Figure 2 Illustrative neuroimaging features of our pre-SD and SD cohort. 1 (a-c) T2 axial image showing hyperintensities in the bilateral corpus striatum, thalamus, and dentate nuclei in Wilsons disease. 2 (a and b) Bilateral blooming in globus pallidi on gradient recalled echo sequences; T2 hypointensities in substantia nigra (SN) in PANK2-associated NBIA. 3 (a and b) Bilateral thalami and SN hyperintensities on T2 FLAIR axial images in JE virus encephalitis sequelae. 4 (a and b) Extrapontine myelinolysis showing T2 hyperintensities in bilateral putamina after rapid correction of hyponatremia in a child with brachycephaly and corpus callosum agenesis (T1 sagittal). 5 (a-c) Bilateral striatal, ventrolateral thalami, diffuse midbrain, and pontine hyperintensities in post-drowning HIE sequelae
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yes
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PMC10997523
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Figure_1
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oa_package/a7/73/PMC10997523.tar.gz
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['Initial outside shave biopsy demonstrating BCCBCC: basal cell carcinomaAccording to her, the lesion had been present for nearly two years and had begun to scar and bleed for the past several months.']
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Figure 1 Initial outside shave biopsy demonstrating BCC BCC: basal cell carcinoma
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yes
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PMC8053649
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Figure_1
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oa_package/47/12/PMC8053649.tar.gz
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['1.', 'Types of antithrombotic agents and indications for treatment.', 'AF, atrial fibrillation; AT, antithrombotic; CAD, coronary artery disease; LMWH, low-molecular weight heparin; NOAC, novel oral anticoagulant; VKA, vitamin K antagonist; VTE, venous thromboembolismTable 2Antithrombotic agents and reversal managementAntithrombotic regimeAntithrombotic agentPatients, nReversalPatients, n (%)AntiplateletAspirin63Withdrawal58 (92%)Platelet transfusion and desmopressin4 (6%)Protein complex concentration1 (2%)Clopidogrel5Withdrawal4 (80%)Platelet transfusion and desmopressin1 (20%)AnticoagulantsVitamin K antagonist57Withdrawal1 (2%)Vitamin K + protein complex concentration56 (98%)NOAC6Withdrawal1 (17%)Praxbind1 (17%)Tranexamic acid + protein complex concentration1 (17%)Vitamin K + protein complex concentration3 (50%)LMWH5Withdrawal4 (80%)Plasma transfusion1 (20%)Antithrombotic combinationDual antiplatelets10Withdrawal5 (50%)Platelet transfusion and desmopressin5 (50%)Aspirin + vitamin K antagonist9Vitamin K + protein complex concentration9 (100%)Aspirin + LMWH2Withdrawal2 (100%)Clopidogrel + heparin1Withdrawal1 (100%)Dual anticoagulants2Vitamin K + protein complex concentration/plasma2 (100%)LMWH low-molecular weight heparin, NOAC novel oral anticoagulantThose with pre-injury antithrombotic agents had significantly higher PK-INR (median 1.']
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Fig. 1 Types of antithrombotic agents and indications for treatment. AF, atrial fibrillation; AT, antithrombotic; CAD, coronary artery disease; LMWH, low-molecular weight heparin; NOAC, novel oral anticoagulant; VKA, vitamin K antagonist; VTE, venous thromboembolism
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yes
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PMC8343444
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Figure_1
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oa_package/58/82/PMC8343444.tar.gz
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['The computed tomography also demonstrated multiple circular low-density shadows near the interventricular septum in the RV with a mean value of 56 HU ().', 'Four circular low-density shadows (A C, white arrows) near the interventricular septum in the right ventricle with the mean value of 56 HU, which indicate fat density.', 'Two bases were attached to the interventricular septum and arranged up and down, the other two were attached to the lower wall of the RV ().']
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Figure 1 Four circular low-density shadows ( , white arrows) near the interventricular septum in the right ventricle with the mean value of 56 HU, which indicate fat density. Four irregular, well-circumscribed masses ( , white arrows), the largest size being 20.5mm13.6mm15.7mm.
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yes
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PMC11011432
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Figure_4
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oa_package/38/7c/PMC11011432.tar.gz
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['(a) An erythematous-orange plaque of the leg in a 16-year-old woman affected by NL for 2 years.']
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Figure 4 ( ) An erythematous-orange plaque of the leg in a 16-year-old woman affected by NL for 2 years. In the left part of the plaque, a small, ulcerated lesion is detected, while telangiectasias in the context of granulation tissue are clinically visible; ( ) partial reduction of the ulcerated lesion after 7 sessions of ALA-PDT every other week.
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yes
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PMC6060168
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Figure_3
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oa_package/b8/f6/PMC6060168.tar.gz
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[' 3, Supplementary ', '[18F]-Florbetaben uptake on PET before and after treatment.', 'c Gadolinium extravasation on T1-weighted MR images immediately after the blood brain barrier disruption procedure demonstrates the targeted regionDiscussionWe demonstrate for the first time, safe, reversible, and repeated, non-invasive opening of the BBB using MRgFUS in patients with amyloid-positive AD.']
|
Fig. 3 [ F]-Florbetaben uptake on PET before and after treatment. Standardized uptake value ratio images (SUVr) in the corresponding axial planes for [ F]-Florbetaben PET scans at baseline and approximately 1 week after sonication. Gadolinium extravasation on T1-weighted MR images immediately after the bloodbrain barrier disruption procedure demonstrates the targeted region
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yes
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PMC6055824
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Figure_3
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oa_package/f7/1d/PMC6055824.tar.gz
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['Loss of catenin induces anoikis resistance in mouse and human E cadherin expressing cell lines and apoptosis in E cadherin mutant mouse ILC cells.']
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Figure 3 Loss of catenin induces anoikis resistance in mouse and human Ecadherinexpressing cell lines and apoptosis in Ecadherinmutant mouse ILC cells. Anoikis resistance was determined in mouse (A) and human (B) breast cancer cell lines upon catenin iKD by FACS analysis using binding to annexinV and propidium iodide. Note the reversal to anoikis sensitivity upon reconstitution of catenin in the mouse Trp53 cell lines (+ Dox Rescue; red bars). (CE) Loss of catenin in mouse ILC cells leads to apoptosis. Western blot (C) showing the extent of catenin knockdown in two independent mouse ILC cells and the induction of cleaved caspase3 expression (cCaspase 3). Akt was used as loading control. Phenotypical consequences are shown in D. Note the apoptotic cells in the Doxtreated cells (arrow). (E) Anoikis resistance was determined in the mILC cell lines upon catenin iKD. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three independent experiments. ** =0.001.
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yes
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PMC7754799
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Figure_3
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oa_package/5a/ae/PMC7754799.tar.gz
|
['Furthermore, multifocal, poorly differentiated sarcoma-like areas around the adenocarcinoma and mature brain and smooth muscle- and tumor-like hyperplastic fibrous tissues were observed in some areas (a b).', '.', '1177_0300060520971488-fig3"/>The immunohistochemical staining results revealed that the tumor and neural epithelia were positive for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) but negative for carcinoembryonic antigen.', 'The mesothelial tissue was positive for calretinin (c f).']
|
Figure 3. Pathological analysis of a sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma resected from a 47-year-old male patient. Histopathological examination revealed the following (300): ab Ciliated columnar epithelium and non-keratinized squamous epithelium on the top of immature squamous cell nests (some marked with black arrows), clear cells (red circles), cancerous glands (red arrowheads), and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma structures with nested cords. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the following results (625): cf mesothelial tissue positive for calretinin (c) and neuroepithelium positive for CD56, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and synaptophysin (Syn) (df).
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yes
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PMC8626234
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Figure_7
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oa_package/09/c0/PMC8626234.tar.gz
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['The last MRI of the brain showed some persistent signal anomalies in both white and grey matter and as well as in the left middle cerebellar peduncles (\n).', 'Brain MRI, FLAIR weighted images, showed some persistent hyperintense lesions in both white and grey matter (B, red arrows) as well as in the left middle cerebellar peduncle (A, yellow arrow).']
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Fig. 7 Brain MRI, FLAIR weighted images, showed some persistent hyperintense lesions in both white and grey matter (B, red arrows) as well as in the left middle cerebellar peduncle (A, yellow arrow).
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yes
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PMC11745293
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Figure_2
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oa_package/57/37/PMC11745293.tar.gz
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['PCC: Ulcerated lesion, clear background, with hemorrhagic spots, islands of intact tissue and infiltrated borders.']
|
Figure 2 PCC: Ulceronecrotic lesion with precise limits, absence of inflammatory halo. Forearm of an immunocompetent 58-year-old male patient, post-trauma.
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yes
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PMC4096059
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Figure_2
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oa_package/63/cb/PMC4096059.tar.gz
|
['In the CT scan (s 2(a) and 2(b)), a contrast shunt was demonstrated within the wrapped portion of aorta with the right atrium during ventricular systole.', '001"/>Cardiac CT scan demonstrates a contrast shunt within the wrapped portion of aorta with the right atrium during ventricular systole.']
|
Figure 2 Cardiac CT scan demonstrates a contrast shunt within the wrapped portion of aorta with the right atrium during ventricular systole.
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yes
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PMC4548745
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Figure_4
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oa_package/15/c8/PMC4548745.tar.gz
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['In this patient the intention was to treat with selective embolization, but ended up with total renal embolization with use of a supplementary vascular plug, because of numerous supplying arteries to the tumor, which were impossible to embolize selectively (a,b,c,d).', '1177_2058460115592442-fig4"/>Patient 6, who was considered a clinical failure, had supplementary embolization within 24 h because of new bleeding from a lumbar artery.']
|
Fig. 4. A 44-year-old woman (Patient 4) with an incidentally discovered 12cm angiomyolipoma posterolaterally in the right kidney (a,b). Renography showed a distribution left/right kidney 59/41%. Selective embolization was intended, but was not possible and the procedure ended-up with embolization of the whole kidney with coils and a supplementary vascular plug (c,d). Follow-up after 7 months with CT (upper left, Hounsfields units [HU] of residual angiomyolipoma was 100) (e). After 2.5 years (f,g,h) MRI showed angiomyolipoma size 2.5cm, right kidney size 5.2cm, and left kidney size 11.4cm. The total kidney function was normal (eGFR).
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yes
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PMC6702254
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Figure_5
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oa_package/ea/27/PMC6702254.tar.gz
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['5) or cerebral aqueductal stenosis, although the latter is harder to identify at post-mortem in the presence of cerebral oedema and sutural distortion.', 'This suggests an underlying neuronal migration defect, subsequently confirmed at autopsyCongenital intracranial tumours are rare.']
|
Fig. 5 Post-mortem ultrasound images of the brain, in coronal section (top row), with matched T2-weighted post-mortem MRI images (bottom row) in a foetus at 18weeks gestation. Termination of pregnancy was performed for suspected brain anomalies. Both imaging modalities were performed on the same day, 7days after death. The images demonstrate views through the Foramen of Monroe ( , ) and through the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles ( , ). From both imaging modalities, there is moderate ventriculomegaly, with subtle irregularity of the ependymal lining best seen along the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles. This suggests an underlying neuronal migration defect, subsequently confirmed at autopsy
|
yes
|
PMC9395134
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Figure_1
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oa_package/3d/c4/PMC9395134.tar.gz
|
['Ultrasound revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass compressing on the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) (A and B).', '(A and B) Bedside focused cardiac ultrasound revealed a massive pericardial effusion with right atrium and right ventricle compression by an anterior mediastinal mass.', 'However, focused cardiac ultrasound showed worsening RV and RA compression by the anterior mediastinal mass (C and D).']
| null |
yes
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PMC3665260
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Figure_1
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oa_package/36/e4/PMC3665260.tar.gz
|
['For all images, the presence of AMD, CNV, and CNV activity was noted (Table 1, ).', '0-733491095092000871421GianiALuiselliCEsmailiDDSpectral-domain optical coherence tomography as an indicator of fluorescein angiography leakage from choroidal neovascularizationInvestigative Ophthalmology Visual Science20115285579558621693602Eye with active CNV.']
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Figure 1 Eye with active CNV. Color fundus photography (a) demonstrates hemorrhage and fibrovascular tissue, fluorescein angiography (b) shows classic and occult CNV leakage, and SDOCT (c) presents intraretinal cystoid spaces, subretinal fluid, subretinal hyperreflective material, and a pigment epithelial detachment.
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yes
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PMC5070337
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Figure_1
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oa_package/14/33/PMC5070337.tar.gz
|
['A chest X-ray was ordered, which showed severe bilateral pulmonary edema [].', 'Chest X-ray with bilateral pulmonary edema signsThe TEE showed severe left ventricular dysfunction with akinesia of the apical and mid segments of the anterolateral and septal walls, hypokinesia of the anterior and anteroseptal walls, with spared of the basal segments of the septal and inferior septal and inferior walls.']
|
Figure 1 Chest X-ray with bilateral pulmonary edema signs
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yes
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PMC5015975
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Figure_2
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oa_package/2e/4a/PMC5015975.tar.gz
|
['g002">).', 'g002Primary ivag C.']
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0162445.g002
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yes
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PMC10480426
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Figure_1
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oa_package/57/9b/PMC10480426.tar.gz
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[' 1a).', ' 1b).', ' 1b), suggesting that sST2 could be produced in response to IL-33 following radiation injury.', 'IL-33 deficiency increases the severity of intestinal radiation injury and impairs epithelial regeneration.', 'Given the increased intestinal IL-33 expression observed following TBI, we examined the role of endogenous IL-33 in epithelial injury and regeneration within the intestines following irradiation.', ' 1c).', ' 1d) or size (', ' 1e).', ' 1c).', ' 1f, g), further supporting the proliferative regenerating phenotype suggested by their increased crypt depth.', ' 1c, d) and decreased regeneration, as indicated by reduced crypt depth and fewer Ki67+ cells (', ' 1e g).', ' 1h, i), indicating exacerbated radiation-induced loss of ISCs in the absence of IL-33.', ' 1), we investigated the role of the immune system in driving IL-33-dependent regeneration by depleting the lymphocytes most likely to be involved.', ' 1), and, consistent with the effect of IL-33 deficiency in lymphocyte-depleted mice (Supplementary ']
|
Fig. 1 IL-33 deficiency increases the severity of intestinal radiation injury and impairs epithelial regeneration. Time course of IL-33 protein in small intestine (SI) at baseline and over 5 days after 10Gy TBI ( =7 mice/group), measured by ELISA and normalized to mg of total protein; data combined from two experiments. Relative expression of soluble IL-33 receptor (sST2) measured by qPCR in SI crypts from WT and IL-33 KO mice following 10Gy TBI ( =9 WT and =6 IL-33 KO mice/group); data combined from three independent experiments. Terminal SI histology (ileum) in WT and IL-33 KO mice at baseline and 5 days after TBI; shown are representative images ( ) and quantified analyses of crypt number ( ) and size ( ) combined from two experiments ( =6 mice/group). , Representative images ( ) and quantification ( ) of Ki67 immunohistochemistry in ileal crypts at baseline and five days after TBI (10Gy); data combined from two experiments ( =5 mice/group). , Representative immunofluorescent images ( ) and quantification ( ) of Lgr5-LacZ cells stained for anti--galactosidase (red) and nuclei (blue) in ileum on day 5 after TBI (10Gy); data combined from two experiments ( =5 mice/group). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA multiple comparison testing ( , , , , ), or two-tailed Mann-Whitney U ( ). All dot plots ( , , , , ) show means, and error bars indicate SEM ( , ); <0.05, <0.01, <0.001; scale bars: 100m. Source data for graphs are provided in the Source Data file. The exact -values are as follows: ( ) comparisons made vs. day 0; day 1, =0.1014; day 2, =0.0013; day 3, =0.0002; day 4, =0.0972; day 5 =0.9851; ( ) WT vs KO comparisons made for each timepoint; day 0, =0.8374; day 1, =0.0176; day 2, =0.0004; day 3, =0.0004; day 4, =0.9792; day 5, =0.7544; ( ) unirradiated WT vs unirradiated KO, =0.37; unirradiated WT vs 10Gy WT, =0.0008; unirradiated KO vs 10Gy KO, =<0.0001; 10Gy WT vs 10Gy KO, =0.0343. unirradiated WT vs unirradiated KO, =0.99; unirradiated WT vs 10Gy WT, =0.0007; unirradiated KO vs 10Gy KO, =0.67; 10Gy WT vs 10Gy KO, =0.007; ( ) unirradiated WT vs unirradiated KO, =0.94; unirradiated WT vs 10Gy WT, =<0.0001; unirradiated KO vs 10Gy KO, =0.11; 10Gy WT vs 10Gy KO, =0.0084; ( ) unirradiated WT vs unirradiated KO, =0.99; 10Gy WT vs 10Gy KO 10Gy =0.039.
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yes
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PMC10559429
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Figure_3
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oa_package/f4/9b/PMC10559429.tar.gz
|
['3T2 flair image showing fat embolismAxial T2 sacral fracture']
|
Fig. 3 T2 flair image showing fat embolism
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yes
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PMC8609357
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Figure_1
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oa_package/61/70/PMC8609357.tar.gz
|
['tuberculosis infection, the transcription of the IL-1 -encoding gene is induced in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and human and mouse macrophages through the activation of pathways downstream of TLR2/TLR6 and NOD2 receptors (56) (', 'tuberculosis and engage the transcription of the Il1b gene through mechanisms involving the signaling molecules extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and Rip2 (56) (', 'tuberculosis infection (57, 58), via a mechanism involving the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1a) (59) (', 'FIG 1Molecular mechanisms leading to IL-1 production in M.', '03134-21-f001" position="anchor"/>The second step needed for IL-1 production consists of the processing of pro-IL-1 into active IL-1 (', 'The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and its apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and CASP1 components (', 'These mechanisms may comprise other CASPs, matrix metalloproteases, chymases, elastases, and cathepsins (']
|
FIG1 Molecular mechanisms leading to IL-1 production in -infected cells. The recognition of molecular patterns by TLR2/6 or NOD2 induces a series of signaling cascades that culminate in the transcription of the IL-1 mRNA. The glycolytic reprogramming of the infected macrophage also enhances transcription. Biological activation of IL-1 requires cleavage of pro-IL-1 through canonical or noncanonical mechanisms. Canonical activation consists of the assembly of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes, which are triggered by the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns/damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs) and bacterial DNA, respectively, resulting from the export of bacterial products from the phagolysosome. The assembly of the inflammasomes leads to the recruitment of CASP1 by ASC. CASP1 becomes activated and cleaves pro-IL-1 into active IL-1. Noncanonical activation is much less studied in the context of but may be mediated by elastases, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), other caspases, and chymases.
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yes
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PMC8947699
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Figure_1
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oa_package/ab/6e/PMC8947699.tar.gz
|
['Case 1 A 54-year-old woman presented with a 32 44 mm poorly demarcated radiolucency in the right posterior maxilla ().', '1007/s12105-011-0244-421290202Panoramic X-ray film revealing poorly demarcated radiolucency in the right posterior maxilla.']
|
Figure 1 Panoramic X-ray film revealing poorly demarcated radiolucency in the right posterior maxilla.
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yes
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PMC7368844
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Figure_5
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oa_package/b6/b3/PMC7368844.tar.gz
|
[]
|
FIGURE 5. Second group: most probably COVID-19 infection with a negative PCR test. A and B, Urticarial pomphoid stage with swollen vessels and few eosinophils (arrow). C, Acute edema and severe vascular damage led to a large bullous junctional detachment (arrow). D and E, Diffuse dense CD8+ lymphocytes around the vascular plexus. Epithelial necrosis following severe destruction of the papillary plexus with diffuse blood extravasations (arrows). F, A thrombus in a deep dermis vessel (arrow). G and H, Diffuse perivascular cuffs in a chilblains with a small thrombus (arrow). I, Clusters of eosinophils around deep glomerular glands (arrow).
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yes
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PMC9485869
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Figure_2
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oa_package/31/18/PMC9485869.tar.gz
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['FC comparison of NAcc seedsThe analyses of FC in the NAcc seeds between patients at baseline and controls are shown in and Table 3.', 'Differences in functional connectivity (FC) between patients at baseline and healthy controls using left nucleus accumbent (A) and right nucleus accumbent (B) seed regions.']
|
Figure 2 Differences in functional connectivity (FC) between patients at baseline and healthy controls using left nucleus accumbent and right nucleus accumbent seed regions. The warm color indicates an increased FC of seed with the whole brain and the cool color indicates a decreased FC of seed with the whole brain. The color scale is represented by the -value of statistically significant clusters with the voxel-level statistical threshold of < 0.05 and a cluster-level threshold of < 0.05 corrected for the Gaussian random field (size >30).
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yes
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PMC5695607
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Figure_2
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oa_package/63/d7/PMC5695607.tar.gz
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['A mammography and ultrasound examination, which were immediately performed, highlighted the presence of a nodular lesion suggesting phyllodes tumour of the breast; the tumour exceeded 21 cm in diameter and involved 80% of the left breast ().', 'bilateral mammography of breasts.', 'Consent, for the publication of this case report and any additional related information was taken from the patient involved in the study.']
|
Fig. 2 bilateral mammography of breasts. It is noted the presence of a mass that involves 80% of the left breast.
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yes
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PMC11365459
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Figure_2
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oa_package/4b/cd/PMC11365459.tar.gz
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['Superior view of the vesical cervix and the prostatic base.']
|
Figure 2 Superior view of the vesical cervix and the prostatic base. 1. Membranous urethra. 2. Vesical sphincter muscle (internal sphincter of the urethra). 3. Vesical cervix. 4. Transverse band of connective tissue. 5. Ampullae of vas deferens. 6. Seminal vesicles.
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yes
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PMC3329740
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Figure_1
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oa_package/c6/6a/PMC3329740.tar.gz
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['For a fibrillary protein to be considered amyloidogenic it should produce extracellular deposits with affinity for the Congo red dye and a green birefringence under polarized light ().', 'htm word89BrownPMeyerRCardoneFPocchiariMUltra-high-pressure inactivation of prion infectivity in processed meat: a practical method to prevent human infectionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America200310010609360971273272490MoralesRBuytaert-HoefenKAGonzalez-RomeroDReduction of prion infectivity in packed red blood cellsBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications200837723733781885194891TourlomoussisPEckersallPDWatersonMMBuncicSA comparison of acute phase protein measurements and meat inspection findings in cattleFoodborne Pathogens and Disease2004142812901599229092YoshidaTNomuraTShinodaNKusamaTKadowakiKISugiuraKDevelopment of PCR primers for the detection of porcine DNA in feed using mtATP6 as the target sequenceJournal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan2009502899219436158Histological features of skin of a dog with nodular cutaneous amyloidosis, which stained light eosinophilic with haematoxylin-eosin (A) and red with Congo red stain (B).']
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Figure 1 Histological features of skin of a dog with nodular cutaneous amyloidosis, which stained light eosinophilic with haematoxylin-eosin (A) and red with Congo red stain (B). The amyloid showed yellow-green birefringence (C) illuminated with polarized light, characteristic of amyloid deposits.
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yes
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PMC6562291
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Figure_4
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oa_package/e2/45/PMC6562291.tar.gz
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['The tumor cells were positive for CD-34 D-40 [].', 'DiscussionKS is a multifocal process with vascular origin which may affect skin and internal organs.']
|
Fig. 4 D2-4025.
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yes
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PMC11541344
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Figure_1
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oa_package/75/c3/PMC11541344.tar.gz
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['These levels are illustrated in .', 'Measurement of the degree of neurovascular compression.', 'The calibration curves for the combined model in both groups (1) show.', '1Calibration curve of combined model of training group (A) and validation group (B).', '1 shows the correction curves of the combined model in the training group and the validation group respectively, and both ends of the curve fit well with the ideal curve.']
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Figure 1 Measurement of the degree of neurovascular compression. Represent level I, II, III and IV respectively.
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yes
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PMC2712068
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Figure_3
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oa_package/01/b9/PMC2712068.tar.gz
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['g002"/>We next compared the non-quenched ABP GB123 to the ProSense750 substrate in the same xenograft tumor model (\nA\n).', 'Quantification of total tumor fluorescence at the 24 hour time point indicated an overall 10 12 fold brighter probe signal for the ABP compared to the substrate (\nB\n).', 'g003Comparison of GB123 and ProSense750 using non-invasive optical imaging methods.']
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0006374.g003
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yes
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PMC7790158
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Figure_1
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oa_package/80/1c/PMC7790158.tar.gz
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['(a) and (b) represent the MR images of the same anatomical slice in two different patients obtained within the same scanner, where inhomogeneity and intensity non-standardness are very well demonstrated.']
|
Fig. 1 (a)and (b)represent the MR images of the same anatomical slice in two different patients obtained within the same scanner, where inhomogeneity and intensity non-standardness are very well demonstrated. (c)and (d)show the same slices after bias field correction.
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yes
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PMC9529228
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Figure_1
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oa_package/01/ac/PMC9529228.tar.gz
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['12 OCT is a technology which uses infrared light in order to give real-time images of the BCC lesion, based on the sum of the light refractions of the different cutaneous structures with different optical traits; the general characteristics of BCCs under OCT examination are revealed in Table 1 and .', '\nOptical coherence tomography of a superficial basal cell carcinoma the arrow indicates the cleft.']
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Figure 1 Optical coherence tomography of a superficial basal cell carcinoma the arrow indicates the cleft.
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yes
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PMC6507060
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Figure_2
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oa_package/cd/dd/PMC6507060.tar.gz
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[' 2a) Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed a soft tissue mass lesion of size 3.', ' 2b).', 'a Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films of left hand showing a soft tissue lesion.', 'b Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of left hand showing a soft tissue mass lesion, with peripheral enhancement and central necrotic areas in radial palmar soft tissue overlying second metacarpophalangeal region with no obvious bony osteolysisPossibilities of acute abscess, resolving hematoma, or aggressive soft tissue mass lesion were suggested.']
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Fig. 2 Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films of left hand showing a soft tissue lesion. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of left hand showing a soft tissue mass lesion, with peripheral enhancement and central necrotic areas in radial palmar soft tissue overlying second metacarpophalangeal region with no obvious bony osteolysis
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yes
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PMC10553844
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Figure_3
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oa_package/3e/02/PMC10553844.tar.gz
|
['Soft tissue MRI of the chestHighlights a different section of the same image in .']
|
Figure 3 Soft tissue MRI of the chest Highlights a different section of the same image in Figure . Arrows indicate mass abutting the anterior head of the deltoid muscle, located immediately deep to the neurovascular structures without definite direct invasion.
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yes
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PMC11328004
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Figure_354
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oa_package/e2/f1/PMC11328004.tar.gz
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[]
|
Chart 293 Structureof Complex
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yes
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PMC10369880
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Figure_1
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oa_package/7a/e3/PMC10369880.tar.gz
|
['To evaluate the effects of AD amyloid pathology on cardiac tissue functionality and systolic activity, LV function and cardiac chamber dimensions were determined by echocardiographic analysis before or after the development of cerebral A pathology (4- or 12-months) in Tg2576 transgenic mice, a widely used model of cerebral amyloidosis, and age-matched WT littermates (Study design in supplementary ).', 'Bi-dimensional M-mode tracings revealed a significant decrease in both, ejection fraction (EF%) and fractional shortening (FS%) percentage of 12-month-old Tg2576 mice compared to WT littermates (A B).', 'No significant changes were found in systolic function in young (4month-old) Tg2576 mice (Supplementary ).', 'Additionally, 12-month-old transgenic mice showed a remarkable left ventricle enlargement, as evidenced by the increased left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) (A B).', 'The LV chamber dilation resulted in a relevant increase in left ventricle volumes, expressed as left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) (B).', 'Differences in gravimetric parameters were confirmed by measuring the heart weight/body weight ratio, which significantly increased in Tg2576 mice compared to the WT group (C).', 'This severe deterioration of systolic function and increased cardiac mass in the 12-month-old Tg2576 mouse was associated with a prominent increase in myocardial interstitial fibrosis, as detected by Picrosirius red staining (D E).', 'We found that Tg2576 mice show an age- dependent deterioration in cardiac systolic function and a gradual replacement of viable myocardium with collagen fibers, together with a progressive alteration of the extracellular matrix resulting in severe interstitial fibrosis ().', '25983281.']
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Figure 1. Alzheimers disease severely impairs cardiac tissue. ( ) M-mode representative images of echocardiographic analysis in 12-month-old WT and Tg2576 mice. Red lines point to the left ventricular diameter at end-diastole while blue lines show the left ventricular diameter at end-systole on M-mode images. ( ) Left ventricle (LV) systolic function is impaired in the AD model, as evidenced by a significant decline both in ejection fraction (EF%) and fraction shortening percentage (FS%), accompanied by a significant cardiac chamber dilation, as assessed by measuring left ventricular dimension (LVESD) and left ventricular volume (LVESV) in the Tg2576 group, compared to age-matched WT mice (12-month-old). ( ) The heart weight/body weight ratio shows a significant increase in Tg2576 mice compared to the WT group. ( - ) Representative images (left panels) and quantitative data (right panels) showing the percentage (%) of cardiac fibrosis in heart sections from WT and Tg2576 mice, assessed via PicroSirius red staining (scale bar 50m). n=4 5 mice/group. Data are presented as a meanSEM. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001 and vs WT. Student t-tests have been performed between the two groups.
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yes
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PMC6531305
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Figure_7
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oa_package/50/c2/PMC6531305.tar.gz
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[' TR-NUPR1 induces sorafenib resistance in hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo.']
|
Figure 7 Cells were seeded at 6-12 10 cells/well in 96-well plates with or without 100 nM T and incubated overnight at 37 C. After that, cells were treated with 0-10 M sorafenib for 24 h. The MTT assay absorbance of each well was measured at 570 nm/650 nm. NUPR1 was knockdown in TR overexpression HepG2 and J7 cell lines and cells were treated with T and sorafenib. The MTT assay absorbance of each well was measured at 570 nm/650 nm. ( ) 1 x 10 of J7-neo and J7-TR cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice (n > 6). After the tumors reached the size of approximately 100 mm , mice were administered 30 mg/kg sorafenib by oral gavage twice a week for 20 days. Control mice received only the vehicle (DMSO). Tumor growth was measured twice a week. Mice were sacrificed and the tumors were removed, weighed, and processed for western blot analysis. TR, NUPR1, PDGFA, PDGFR and MEK1/2 expression level were determined by western blot from J7-neo or J7-TR xenografts. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Data represents means SD (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).
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yes
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PMC10730449
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Figure_8
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oa_package/b5/cb/PMC10730449.tar.gz
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['Sluggish venous flow and the presence of foreign bodies such as IVC filters or catheters also increase clot formation ().']
|
FIGURE 8 The coronal contrast-enhanced CT image of the abdomen showed an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter in place with a non-enhancing intraluminal filling defect (arrowhead) in the IVC extending all the way to the level of the IVC filter.
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yes
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PMC2629782
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Figure_1
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oa_package/74/94/PMC2629782.tar.gz
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['CD24 and Sca-1 expression distinguishes basal, luminal ER- and luminal ER+ mammary epithelial cells.']
|
Figure 1 . A) Section through a branching duct in a mouse mammary gland stained for expression of keratin 14 in the basal myoepithelial layer (K14; red) and keratin 18 in the luminal epithelial layer (K18; green) and counterstained with DAPI (blue) to distinguish nuclei. Bar = 60 m. B) Section through a mouse mammary duct stained for K14 (red) and ER (green) and counterstained with DAPI. Only a subset of luminal cell nuclei show ER staining (examples indicated by arrows). Bar = 25 m. C) Flow cytometry plots of freshly isolated mouse mammary epithelial cells stained with control IgG (left) or anti-CD24 and anti-Sca-1 (right) antibodies. The regions corresponding to the CD24 Sca-1 (red), CD24 Sca-1 (green) and CD24 Sca-1 (blue) populations are indicated.
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yes
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PMC6925794
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Figure_2
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oa_package/1e/29/PMC6925794.tar.gz
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['Imaging FindingsPlain X-ray of the left knee revealed marked narrowing at the joint space, depression and an osseous defect of the medial tibial articular surface, and marked proliferative changes of the femoral condyle ().', 'Plain X-ray of the left ankle joint showed medial dislocation of the talus bone, accompanied by an old fracture of the medial malleolus, an osseous defect of the distal medial tibial articular surface, and an osseous defect of the proximal talus articular surface ().', 'A lower extremity full-length standing X-ray showed a femorotibial angle (FTA) of 202 ().', '001"/>Preoperative radiographs of the knee and ankle.']
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Figure 2 Preoperative radiographs of the knee and ankle. (a, b) Marked narrowing at the joint space, depression and an osseous defect of the medial tibial articular surface, and marked proliferative changes of the femoral condyle in the left knee. (c, d) Medial dislocation of the talus bone, accompanied by an old fracture of the medial malleolus, an osseous defect of the distal medial tibial articular surface, and an osseous defect of the proximal talus articular surface in the left ankle joint. (e) Lower extremity full-length standing X-ray shows a femorotibial angle (FTA) of 202.
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yes
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PMC10344863
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Figure_6
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oa_package/3c/31/PMC10344863.tar.gz
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['6].', '6].', 'Expression of TRAIL receptors shifts after AC100861.', 'AC100861.', '6].', '6].']
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Fig. 6 Expression of TRAIL receptors shifts after AC100861.1 and TNFRSF10A dysregulation. Graphs indicate the expression level changes (compared to control) in ARPE-19 cells transfected with siRNA targeting ( ), overexpression vector ( ), siRNA targeting ( ), and overexpression vector ( ). Expression levels of TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF10C, and TNFRSF10D were measured by RT-qPCR. The gray dotted line corresponds to fold change = 1. For all samples, =3. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean.
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yes
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PMC7671782
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Figure_1
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oa_package/f9/12/PMC7671782.tar.gz
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['Discs located medial to the midpoint of the facet were placed in the paracentral group (group P), and those lateral to the midpoint of the facet were placed in the foraminal group (group F) (A).', 'The DH was measured from the midpoint of the upper endplate of the lower vertebral body to the midpoint of the lower endplate of the upper vertebral body (B).', 'C2 7 SVA was measured from lateral cervical X-ray images as the distance between the vertical line at the center of the C2 vertebral body and the vertebral line at the superior posterior of the C7 vertebral body (C).', 'The mean angle was calculated to accommodate investigator error in assessing the margins of the vertebral bodies (C) [5].', '(D) [6].', 'A biomechanical in vitro analysisJ Bone Joint Surg Am74222719921734010.']
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Fig. 1. A : The white line is the midline of the facet joint. Pathology across this line was categorized as paracentral while that outside the line was categorized as foraminal. B : Double headed arrow indicates the disc height. It was measured as the length from the midpoint of the upper endplate of the lower vertebral body to the midpoint of the lower endplate of the upper vertebral body. C : The C27 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was measured as the length from the vertical line starting at the center of the C2 vertebral body (vertical black line) to the end point of the superior posterior of the C7 vertebral body (horizontal black line). The cervical Cobb angle (CA) was measured as the angle between two lines parallel to the lower margin of the C2 vertebral body and the upper margin of the C7 vertebral body (white lines). D : The amount of facet resection was measured as the proportion of resected facet (A, white line) compared to the original facet (B, white line). The formula was (AB) / A 100.
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yes
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PMC3779189
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Figure_3
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oa_package/3d/90/PMC3779189.tar.gz
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[', the oviducts of WT mice contained significant numbers of Gr-1+ neutrophils (A) whilst the oviducts of IL-17-/- mice contained very few infiltrating neutrophils (B).', 'confirmed that significantly more neutrophils were recruited into the oviducts of WT mice compared to IL-17-/- mice (C).', 'g003Neutrophil infiltration of oviducts following C.', 'Infiltration of neutrophils () and macrophages () into the oviducts at the peak of infection (day 6), was significantly reduced in IL-17-/- mice.']
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10.1371/journal.pone.0076664.g003
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yes
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PMC8461311
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Figure_2
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oa_package/d1/bd/PMC8461311.tar.gz
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['8 months), no differences were detected in term of DFS and OS, as shown in A.', 'Kaplan-Meier curves for DFS (A) and OS (B) according to the use of IUM.', '486, respectively) (B).']
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Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier curves for DFS and OS according to the use of IUM. (a) DFS, Disease Free Survival; OS, Overall survival; (b) DFS, Disease Free Survival; OS, Overall survival (death for any cause); IUM, Intrauterine manipulator; HR, Hazard Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval.
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yes
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PMC3748018
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Figure_2
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oa_package/5e/99/PMC3748018.tar.gz
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['g002Impact of altering SGMS activity on A generation.', 'To alter the SGMS activity we treated the cells with the SGMS inhibitor D609 (A) and confirmed a decrease in the cellular sphingomyelin level (B).', 'Inhibition of SGMS activity significantly reduced the level of A in a dose- and time-dependent manner (C).', 'Secreted sAPP was also measured and it was unaltered with D609 (C).', 'The signal intensity of the monomeric A detected by western blotting indicated that D609 inhibited A production by 25 58% (D).', 'The ELISA measurements showed that the level of A 42 in the D609-treated cells was reduced by 30 50% (E), which is consistent with the western blotting results.', 'Since altering sphingomyelin level may inadvertently alter GSL level (an alternative pathway for ceramide, see A), we also assessed the impact of altering GSL level on A generation by treating CHO-APP cells with NB-DNJ.', 'NB-DNJ inhibits ceramide glucosyltransferase, the first step in GSL synthesis pathway (A).']
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10.1371/journal.pone.0074016.g002
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yes
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PMC10668929
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Figure_1
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oa_package/51/da/PMC10668929.tar.gz
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['In the first instance, the transducer should be placed in an oblique longitudinal plane over the region of the femoral head/neck junction in order to assess the anterior joint recess ().', '0031_fig_001" fig-type="figure">.', 'The patient is asked to lie on the non-symptomatic side, with the hips and knees flexed (1).', '0031_fig_011" fig-type="figure">1.', 'The gluteus minimus tendon is identified over the anterior facet; the gluteus medius over the lateral facet; and the gluteus maximus over the superoposterior facet (2)(<xref rid="j_jou.', '0031_fig_012" fig-type="figure">2.', 'The greater trochanteric bursa is located at the echogenic interface of the gluteus medius tendon and gluteus maximus muscle (3)(<xref rid="j_jou.', '0031_fig_013" fig-type="figure">3.', '0031_ref_034" ref-type="bibr">34)(4).', '0031_fig_014" fig-type="figure">4.', 'The gluteus minimus tendon is rarely torn in isolation and is more commonly injured along with the gluteus medius tendon (5)(<xref rid="j_jou.', 'Gluteus tendon tear is also an important cause of persistent hip pain after THA (6).', 'US is especially valuable as a post-operative imaging tool, allowing evaluation of the tendon without susceptibility artifact from the prosthesis or other hardware (7).', '0031_fig_015" fig-type="figure">5.', '0031_fig_016" fig-type="figure">6.', '0031_fig_017" fig-type="figure">7.', '0031_ref_046" ref-type="bibr">46) (8).', '0031_ref_046" ref-type="bibr">46)(9).', '0031_fig_018" fig-type="figure">8.', '0031_fig_019" fig-type="figure">9.']
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Fig. 1. Normal anterior joint recess. Graphic illustrations ( , ) showing the transducer position ( ) and equivalent anatomy ( ) for long-axis scanning of the anterior hip joint recess. Long-axis US image ( ) is depicted. Double-headed arrows in and demonstrate measurement of the recess (US image shows a recess measuring 5 mm)
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yes
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PMC6351834
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Figure_4
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oa_package/0b/a9/PMC6351834.tar.gz
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['HFD fed G609G mice embody characteristics of human phenotype.']
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Figure 4 HFDfed G609G mice embody characteristics of human phenotype. (a) Pictures were taken of G609G mice on RC near death (100days), and on HFD at 150 and 200days of age. Note the progressive development of progeroid features, especially allopecia. (b) Xray microCT was conducted on tibiae of WT mice, G609G mice fed RC (100days of age), and G609G mice fed HFD (200days of age). Cortical analyses were performed to quantify total area (TA), total bone area (BA), cortical thickness (Ct.Th, TRI method), bone mineral density (BMD), and tissue mineral density (TMD). Pictures are representative of tibiae samples analyzed. (c) Pictures of intestines taken at necropsy of G609G mice on HFD ~200days old, and histological analysis performed by H&E staining. Note the alterations in intestine morphology, and the loss of muscularis by histology. (d) Histology of skin with H&E staining shows examples of exacerbation of alterations in hair shafts of HFDfed G609G mice (~200days of age) compared to RCfed mice (~100days of age), consistent with robust alopecia. Pictures were taken at two different magnifications (5 and 10). (e) Picture of heart and aorta taken from a HFDfed G609G mouse (~200days of age) at necropsy. (f) Histology of aortas with H&E staining shows examples of acellular and mineralized aortas in G609G mice on HFD (~200days of age), compared to RCfed WT and G609G mice (~100days of age). Pictures taken at 40 magnification. (g) Picture shows an example of a pregnant HFDfed female G609G mouse (third pregnancy). None of the RCfed G609G females became pregnant in our study
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yes
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PMC4980423
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Figure_6
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oa_package/46/06/PMC4980423.tar.gz
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[' 6).', 'Deposition of ferric compounds were detected in blood vessel walls (Prussian Blue, magnification 100 )DiscussionRadiosurgery is a very successful minimally invasive treatment for brain AVM, with AVM obliteration occurring in more than in 90 % of treated cases [6].']
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Fig. 6 Histology sample 2. Deposition of ferric compounds were detected in blood vessel walls (Prussian Blue, magnification 100)
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yes
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PMC7371898
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Figure_3
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oa_package/5f/d6/PMC7371898.tar.gz
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['Sphingomyelin was also present within the epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubules and within vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of the interstitial vessels (A through 3D; Table 2).', 'Sphingomyelin is present in multiple cells types of the kidney.', '', 'For example, the accumulation of sphingomyelin present in multiple cell types of the kidney in this patient (A through 3D) is as profound as that of the GL-3 accumulation observed in renal biopsies of Fabry patients [14].']
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Fig. 3 Sphingomyelin is present in multiple cells types of the kidney. A. Sphingomyelin is present in numerous cell types within the renal glomerulus including podocytes (P), mesangial cells (M), capillary endothelial cells (E) and lining cells of Bowman's capsule (B) (1m epoxy resin section, modified toluidine blue stain, 1000). B. Electron microscopy of the renal glomerulus illustrating the electron dense whorls of sphingomyelin within each cell type. (electron microscopy, scale bar=5m). C. Sphingomyelin accumulation is also present within the epithelial cells of the proximal tubules (T) and the surrounding cells of the interstitium (1m epoxy resin section, modified toluidine blue stain, 1000). D. Electron microscopy image of proximal convoluted tubule epithelium with electron dense sphingomyelin accumulation. (electron microscopy, scale bar=2m). The magnitude of substrate accumulation and its specific cellular distribution is strikingly similar to the substrate accumulation observed within renal biopsies of patients with Fabry disease [ ].
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yes
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PMC9544960
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Figure_2
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oa_package/d5/de/PMC9544960.tar.gz
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[]
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FIGURE 2 Congenital hemangioma on right cheek. (A): Photograph showing location of two closely spaced lesions. (B): Dermoscope picture of section in upper lesion showing a very fine capillary network connecting evenly distributed and round junctions of slightly larger capillary widening
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yes
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PMC10455392
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Figure_6
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oa_package/b5/26/PMC10455392.tar.gz
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['In other words, the small bowel parameters gradually decreased in size from the jejunum to the smallest measurements, which were in the terminal ileum ().', 'Normal small bowel parameters on MR enterography: The number of folds per 2.']
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Figure 6 Normal small bowel parameters on MR enterography: The number of folds per 2.5 cm varied from 4.6 in the jejunum to 1.5 in the terminal ileum [ ]. Folds: red spheres. Normal small bowel diameter: yellow line [ ].
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yes
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PMC10424018
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Figure_4
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oa_package/ba/c8/PMC10424018.tar.gz
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['\nPathological findings of case 2.']
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Figure 4 A: Tumor cells showed positive immunohistochemical reaction for CD31 ( 10); B: Residual leucosome ovarian tissue can be seen around the tumor tissue (hematoxylin and eosin, 10); C: Immunohistochemical staining showed tumor cells strongly expressed programmed death ligand 1 (average with 50%, hotpot with 99%) ( 10).
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yes
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PMC6626106
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Figure_1
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oa_package/e8/1d/PMC6626106.tar.gz
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['A chest radiograph showed a cavern in the right upper pulmonary lobe (A).', '5 cm diameter in the right upper pulmonary lobe with accompanying infiltrations (B).', 'A) Chest X-ray shows a cavity (3.', 'Indeed, microscopy analysis showed acid-fast bacilli in the sputum as well as in the bronchoalveolar lavage.']
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Fig. 1 A) Chest X-ray shows a cavity (3.7 cm in diameter) in the right upper lobe. B) The pulmonary cavity is even more impressive on a CT Scan with a maximum diameter of 4.5 cm.
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yes
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in Data Studio
Dataset Name: LitMedImage – literature-derived Medical vs. Non-Medical Image Dataset
Description:
LitMedImage is a curated dataset of biomedical literature figures labeled as MEDICAL or NON-MEDICAL. The dataset is built from images extracted from PubMed Central Open Access (PMC-OA) articles and includes corresponding captions and parsed image metadata. Labels were generated using a large language model (LLM) following strict imaging definitions. This dataset is intended for research in figure classification, document parsing, and biomedical vision-language models.
Columns:
PMCID: PubMed Central article identifier (e.g., PMC1234567) Image_num: Index of the image within the article Online_file_path: Direct file path to the image under https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/
Image_info_Cleaned: Parsed metadata describing the image contents Caption_Clean: Cleaned image caption from the original publication label: Binary classification label ("yes" for MEDICAL images, "no" for NON-MEDICAL images)
Label Definitions:
Label = "yes" (MEDICAL) Images that belong to clinical or biomedical imaging modalities, including: Radiology, Echocardiography, Dermoscopy, Histopathology, X-ray (Radiography), CT, MRI, Ultrasound, Nuclear Medicine (PET, SPECT, PET-CT, PET-MRI), Optical Imaging, Thermography, Elastography, Mammography, Digital Breast Tomosynthesis, Fluoroscopy, Clinical Imaging
Label = "no" (NON-MEDICAL) Images that are statistical plots or schematic illustrations, including: Bar charts, Histograms, Line graphs, Scatter or Bubble plots, Pie or Donut charts, Area charts, Heatmaps, Box or Violin plots, Radar or Spider charts, Treemaps, Network graphs, Drawings, Conceptual diagrams
Task Instruction:
Given an image, classify whether it is a MEDICAL image or a NON-MEDICAL image.
Data Source: All images originate from the PubMed Central Open Access Subset via the public FTP archive at: https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/
Intended Use:
- Binary image classification (medical vs. non-medical)
- Multimodal image + caption classification
- Figure filtering for automated document processing
- Pre-filtering figures for vision-language model training or inference
Citation: [To be added]
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