PMC_ID
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PMC8417830
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Figure_1
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oa_package/9d/94/PMC8417830.tar.gz
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['Plane (P1 P7)From the aortic root to the aortic bifurcation, a total of seven planes perpendicular to the centerline were created to measure geometric variables (A): (P1) the sinotubular junction (STJ); (P2) the middle ascending aorta; (P3) the proximal brachiocephalic trunk (BCT); (P4) the distal BCT; (P5) the distal left common carotid artery (LCCA); (P6) the distal left subclavian artery (LSA); (P7) the aortic bifurcation.', 'Aortic diameter, length, tortuosity, and angulation measurement process.', 'Diameter (D1 D6)Aortic diameter was defined as the average of the maximum and minimum diameters measured on planes 1 to 6 (A).', 'Length (L1 L4)Aortic length was calculated from the centerline distance between the corresponding two planes above (A).', 'Angulation (A1 A3)Aortic angulation was defined as the angle formed by the tangent lines drawn along the first and last points of the aortic centerline in each aortic segment by the tangent angle function in the software (D).']
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Figure 1 Aortic diameter, length, tortuosity, and angulation measurement process. The length measurement of each aortic segment (L1L4) on the stretched view and aortic diameter measurement at the landmarks D1D6. Tortuosities of the total aorta, ascending aorta and aortic arch were measured by dividing the length of the centerline (L) by the linear distance (d) between the first and last points in each aortic segment. Angulations of the ascending aorta and aortic arch were measured as the angle formed by the tangent lines drawn along the first and last points of the aortic centerline in each aortic segment.
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yes
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PMC8084778
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Figure_1
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oa_package/9b/ee/PMC8084778.tar.gz
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[' 1a pre, 1b post-surgery) secondary to treatment-responsive adenocarcinoma of the lung.', ' 1c).', 'a Right sided solitary cerebellar metastasis pre, and b post-surgery, c Echocardiogram showing dilated right ventricle, d CTPA with gadolinium contrast showing bilateral PEEmergency CTPA, performed using gadolinium due to a history of anaphylaxis to iodinated contrast, confirmed the diagnosis of massive PE with bilateral proximal thrombus (', ' 1d).']
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Fig. 1 Right sided solitary cerebellar metastasis pre, and post-surgery, Echocardiogram showing dilated right ventricle, CTPA with gadolinium contrast showing bilateral PE
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yes
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PMC6029333
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Figure_3
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oa_package/28/aa/PMC6029333.tar.gz
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['Thirteen cases showed occult anal sphincter defects (), exhibiting disruption of sphincter continuity or an area of abnormal echo pattern involving the sphincter with anal ultrasound.', 'Two-dimensional endoanal ultrasound image of occult external anal sphincter defect.']
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Figure 3 Two-dimensional endoanal ultrasound image of occult external anal sphincter defect.
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yes
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PMC2622762
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Figure_3
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oa_package/2f/fb/PMC2622762.tar.gz
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['Expression of human mutant Htt protein with 103 polyQ repeats (hHtt103Q) was confirmed by immunohistochemistry with N-18 anti-htt antibody (A, N-18).', 'The distribution pattern of the mutant hHtt inclusion bodies in the brain at Day 2 was consistent with that of glial cells (A, repo).', 'We also performed double staining of repo and mutant hHtt and the validity of the repo-Gal4 driver was confirmed (A, merge arrow heads and 1 8).', 'g003hHtt103Q expression in glial cell lineage induces pathological change in the central nervous system.', 'g003"/>Toluidine blue staining revealed vacuolar changes in retina and lamina of the repo; hHtt103Q flies (B, arrows), but not in the gcm; hHtt103Q flies.', 'The number or signal intensity of glial cells stained by anti-repo antibody were reduced and photoreceptor cells stained by anti-elav antibody showed abnormal alignment and morphology at a high magnification in the retina of the repo; hHtt103Q flies (B).', 'In the gcm; hHtt103Q flies, morphological change was not remarkable (B).', 'Neurons, in addition to glial cells, were affected morphologically in those flies (B).']
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10.1371/journal.pone.0004262.g003
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yes
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PMC4152333
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Figure_4
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oa_package/6c/1b/PMC4152333.tar.gz
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['01) ().', '05) ().', 'g004pGz reduces the activation of the NF- B pro-inflammatory pathway in dystrophic muscles.']
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10.1371/journal.pone.0106590.g004
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yes
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PMC9528033
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Figure_1
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oa_package/63/6b/PMC9528033.tar.gz
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['The adrenal glands, kidneys, and renal hilar structures were subtracted from the surrounding perinephric fat to obtain the calculated PFV ().', '.', '1177_03000605221125086-fig1" position="float"/>The RENAL nephrometry score, based on five anatomical features of renal tumour, including (R)adius (maximal diameter), (E)xophytic/endophytic properties, (N)earness of tumour deepest portion to the collecting system, (A)nterior (a)/posterior (p) descriptor and the (L)ocation relative to the polar line, was calculated for each patient.']
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Figure 1. Representative multidetector computed tomography images demonstrating perinephric fat measures, including volume, thickness, and area. The perinephric fat volume was defined as the fat inside the boundaries of Gerotas fascia, as shown in (a) a 3D reconstruction (orange-coloured regions indicate visceral fat tissue). Axial view CT was used to measure (b) perinephric fat thickness and (c) area.
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yes
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PMC6764562
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Figure_1
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oa_package/7a/99/PMC6764562.tar.gz
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['Echocardiography on admission revealed that remarkably enlarged right ventricular suppressed left ventricular contraction (A).', 'Hence a contrast CT scan was performed, revealing bilateral pulmonary embolisms to be the underlying cause of the symptom (B).', '(A) Echocardiography on admission revealed that remarkably enlarged right ventricular suppressed left ventricular contraction.', 'A giant thrombus (43 50 mm) located in the right axillary vein, which we could not find during previous hospitalization, was pointed out (C).', 'Eventually, the huge thrombus was removed surgically (D), and the symptoms were subsequently alleviated.']
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Figure 1 ( ) Echocardiography on admission revealed that remarkably enlarged right ventricular suppressed left ventricular contraction. ( ) Pulmonary embolism detected by contrast computed tomography scan on admission (arrow). ( ) Huge thrombus located in the dilated right axillary vein (arrow). ( ) Snap shot during surgery reveals that dark red thrombus existed inside the dilated vein.
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yes
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PMC10680640
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Figure_2
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oa_package/8e/d9/PMC10680640.tar.gz
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['Compared to PS19 mice, Tmem106b / PS19 mice have significantly higher levels of hTau and phosphorylated Tau (Ser-404 and Thr-205) in the sarkosyl-insoluble fraction (A and 2B), whereas no obvious changes in the level of soluble Tau were detected in sarkosyl-soluble fraction (', '4-month-old young Tmem106b / PS19 mice (Supplementary A and 2B).', '5-month-old Tmem106b / PS19 mice, compared to PS19 mice by immunofluorescence staining (C and 2D).', 'Interestingly, while PS19 mice accumulate hTau and phosphorylated Tau (Ser-404) signals in the mossy fibers, the axons of dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells, Tmem106b / PS19 mice show intense Tau signals in the neuronal soma in the pyramidal cell layer in the CA1 and CA3 regions, and the granule cell layer in the DG (C, 2E and 2F), indicating a significant redistribution of pathological hTau and phosphorylated Tau (Ser-404) from axons to soma at 8.', '4-month-old Tmem106b / PS19 mice do not exhibit the altered distribution of Tau in the hippocampus (Supplementary C), suggesting that the redistribution of Tau is age-dependent and might be downstream of other events.', 'TMEM106B ablation exacerbates alterations in neuronal microtubule structure in the PS19 miceThe redistribution of hTau from axons to soma in the Tmem106b / PS19 mice (C, 2E and 2F) suggests that the trafficking of Tau might be affected by TMEM106B ablation.', 'In this study we found that loss of TMEM106B dramatically increases Tau accumulation and phosphorylation in PS19 mice (Supplementary A and 2B)(', '5 months of age (C, 2E and 2F), indicating TMEM106B might affect Tau trafficking.', '4-month-old Tmem106b / PS19 mice (Supplementary C), suggesting the redistribution of Tau might be secondary to other earlier alterations in these mice.', 'Since loss of TMEM106B in PS19 mice exacerbates Tau pathology (), this could lead to a positive feedback loop resulting in increased lysosomal dysfunction and more Tau aggregation.', '4-month-old Tmem106b / PS19 mice compared to PS19 mice (Supplementary A and 2B), whereas microglia does not appear to show any obvious differences between PS19 and Tmem106b / PS19 mice at this stage (Supplementary ', '566707v1-f0001" position="float"/>.']
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Figure 2. TMEM106B depletion accelerates Tau pathology and leads to neuronal somatic accumulation of hTau and phosphorylated Tau in PS19 mice Western blot analysis of hTau and phosphorylated Tau (Ser-404) and Thr-205 in sarkosyl-soluble fraction and sarkosyl-insoluble fraction extracted from the brain of 8.5-month-old WT, , PS19, and PS19 mice. Relative levels of indicated proteins were quantified in B. n=57. Data presented as mean SEM. Unpaired Students t-test: *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001. Representative images of phosphorylated Tau (Ser-404) or hTau immunostainings in the hippocampus of 8.5-month-old WT, , PS19, and PS19 mice brain sections. Relative Ser-404 and hTau intensity in the hippocampus were quantified in D. n=46. Scale bar: 100 mcSer-404) and hTau co-immunostainings in the hippocampus of 8.5-month-old WT, , PS19, and PS19 mice. Fold change of hTau or Ser-404 intensity in mossy fiber vs. CA3 neuronal soma were quantified in F. n=56. Scale bar: 100 m. Data presented as mean SEM. Unpaired Students t-test: *, p<0.05.
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yes
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PMC5341954
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Figure_1
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oa_package/ab/dc/PMC5341954.tar.gz
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['Grp94 marks cancer cells of any tumor of the GI tract and cells of tumor infiltrates(A) Specimens of different tumors (a, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma; b, adeno-carcinoma of the gastro-enteric junction; c, tubular-type adeno-carcinoma of the stomach; d and e, large bowel adeno-carcinomas) were stained with H E and incubated with rat monoclonal anti-Grp94 Abs for specific immunostaining, as specified in Methods.']
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Figure 1 Grp94 marks cancer cells of any tumor of the GI tract and cells of tumor infiltrates ( ) Specimens of different tumors (a, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma; b, adeno-carcinoma of the gastro-enteric junction; c, tubular-type adeno-carcinoma of the stomach; d and e, large bowel adeno-carcinomas) were stained with H&E and incubated with rat monoclonal anti-Grp94 Abs for specific immunostaining, as specified in Methods. Magnifications are 10 (ad) and 20 (e). ( ) Double immunostaining for both CD20 cells (anti-human CD20cy Abs) and Grp94 of specimens of: a, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (20, left) showing diffuse infiltration of B cells into the tumor stroma with the enlargement (63, right) showing that the Grp94-positive cells are mostly plasma cells (arrows); b, large bowel carcinoma (10, left) with enlargement (40, right) revealing the same features as in a.
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yes
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PMC7806368
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Figure_3
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oa_package/87/c5/PMC7806368.tar.gz
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['002"/>(a) Thyroid tumour with papillary and follicular pattern; (b) typical nuclear features of PTC: nuclear overlapping, clearing, and occasional grooves.']
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Figure 3 (a) Thyroid tumour with papillary and follicular pattern; (b) typical nuclear features of PTC: nuclear overlapping, clearing, and occasional grooves.
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yes
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PMC10807876
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Figure_8
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oa_package/10/04/PMC10807876.tar.gz
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['00178-g007" position="float"/>Arthroscopic image of the labral tear.']
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Figure 8 Arthroscopic image of the labral tear.
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yes
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PMC10550728
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Figure_10
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oa_package/be/1c/PMC10550728.tar.gz
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[]
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Supplemental Fig.4
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yes
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PMC9610041
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Figure_3
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oa_package/d2/9f/PMC9610041.tar.gz
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['It was firm and maintained the shape of the vessel at the distal part of the M1 segment and the bifurcation [A].', ':Imaging findings of the thrombus.']
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Figure 3: Imaging findings of the thrombus. (A-C) Overall thrombus findings. The arrows show the proximal side of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. (a) The thrombus was a single mass of 8 5 mm, with a visually recognizable red component mixed with a localized white component (arrowheads). It was firm and maintained the shape of the vessel at the distal part of the M1 segment and the bifurcation. (b) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showing that the thrombus consisted mainly of fibrin and platelets. (c) Consistent with the visually recognizable white component of the thrombus, Gram-positive cocci were observed. (D and E) D and E correspond to the squares a and square b in B, respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showing the formation of spherical bacterial colonies at the margins of the thrombus and focally abundant neutrophils. (F and G) F and G correspond to the squares a and square b in C. The spherical bacteria at the margins of the thrombus were Gram staining positive.
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yes
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PMC4862938
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Figure_3
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oa_package/24/00/PMC4862938.tar.gz
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['Integration of DE genes with a library of protein-protein interactions24 highlighted APP as a protein hub with an enrichment of DE genes among its known interactors, in both the fibrillogenic APPKM670/671NL/PSEN1 exon9 transgenic mouse DG and the oligomerogenic APPE693Q transgenic mouse EC gene sets (b).', 'We also found that DEX from the fibrillogenic APPKM670/671NL/PSEN1 exon9 DG vs wild type were enriched for genes containing the binding motifs for multiple zinc finger transcription factors (e, see Supplementary Table 6 for full results), most notably SP1, MAZ, ZF5/ZBTB14, EGR1 and E4F1.', 'We found that the top four significant enrichments were for SUZ12 gene target sets derived from four separate experiments, strongly implicating SUZ12 as the transcription factor that best explained the DE signature (d).', 'In addition, using binding motif-based gene target sets, the zinc finger transcription factor SP1, known as a key mediator of IL10 induction78 was identified as the top transcription factor associated with DEX genes in the fibrillogenic mouse DG (vs wild type) (e).', 'org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="mp2015167f2"/>Multiregion transcriptome comparisons between fibrillogenic, oligomerogenic and wild-type mice implicates amyloid/A processing, extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation and neurogenesis (a, b i) Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene is differentially spliced in fibrillogenic APPKM670/671NL/PSEN1 exon9 mice vs oligomerogenic APPE693Q dentate gyrus (also vs wild type), as well as multiple brain regions in LOAD and (b-ii) is a known regulator of APP, binding to mRNA in the post-synaptic neuron in an mGluR5 stimulation-dependent manner.']
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Figure 3 Multiregion transcriptome comparisons between fibrillogenic, oligomerogenic and wild-type mice implicates amyloid/A processing, extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation and neurogenesis ( i) Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene is differentially spliced in fibrillogenic mice vs oligomerogenic dentate gyrus (also vs wild type), as well as multiple brain regions in LOAD and ( -ii) is a known regulator of APP, binding to mRNA in the post-synaptic neuron in an mGluR5 stimulation-dependent manner. ( -iii) DE genes in both comparisons with wild type (see ), are enriched for known protein interactors of APP. APP interactors that are DE in the fibrillogenic DG vs wild type are shown. ( -iv) Adaptor protein GRB2 is differentially spliced in fibrillogenic mice vs oligomerogenic dentate gyrus, and interacts with APP and PSEN1, localized to the centrosomes, resulting in ERK1/2 activation, and potentiation of oligomer-induced toxicity. ( ) ECM regulation was a recurring theme of the pathway analysis following differential gene and exon expression analysis. ( i) Known ECM regulators that are differentially expressed in fibrillogenic vs wild-type mice (dentate gyrus) suggest mechanisms of perturbation and compensation. ( -ii) Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the 354 genes that are differentially expressed in fibrillogenic vs wild-type mice (dentate gyrus) demonstrate that the trend toward ECM disruption is particularly strong in this comparison. ( ) Pathway enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes in fibrillogenic vs wild-type mice (dentate gyrus) indicates perturbation of stem cell, neural progenitor cell and neurogenesis pathways. ( -i) SUZ12 is a key member of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), and is differentially spliced in fibrillogenic mice vs oligomerogenic dentate gyrus (and also vs wild type). ( -ii) A functional role for SUZ12 is strongly supported by enrichment analysis of ChipSeq-based transcription factor gene targets, with the 354 differentially expressed genes in fibrillogenic vs wild-type mice (dentate gyrus). ( -iii) SUZ12 function within the PRC2 is associated with regulation of neurogenic differentiation of stem cells via histone H3K27 and H3K9 methylation. ( -i) Zinc finger gene SP1 was identified as the transcription factor most strongly enriched for DEX genes ( vs wild-type comparison). ( -ii) SP1 is a transcriptional regulator of multiple AD-associated genes, and forms a potential link between these molecular nodes and the main DEX themes we have discussed, including perturbations in neurogenesis, amyloid processing and ECM regulation.
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yes
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PMC6342896
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Figure_5
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oa_package/be/07/PMC6342896.tar.gz
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[' 5).', 'Post-mortem skin lesions caused by sea isopods feeding activity on the cadaver.', 'Bassi)Such a particular macroscopic aspect of these can to lead to the erroneous diagnosis of chemical or deep second-degree burns [14].']
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Fig. 5 Post-mortem skin lesions caused by sea isopods feeding activity on the cadaver. The same pattern was reported as well for fresh water amphipods (e.g. sp.) [ ] (Photo by )
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yes
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PMC6923855
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Figure_9
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oa_package/a3/cb/PMC6923855.tar.gz
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[' 9) demonstrated accumulation of parasitized erythrocytes within cardiac capillaries predominantly in cardiac sections obtained from P.', 'Photomicrographs are representative images from three experiments\n']
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Fig.9 Microscopic observations of H&E staining in uninfected and infected mouse heart on day 5 post infection following the modulation of IL-35. Note the congestion of cardiac blood vessels with PRBCs, lymphocytes and macrophage engulfing elements (1), presence of cardiac myocytes (2), perivascular oedema (3), vacuolar degeneration (4) and interstitial oedema (5). Images were acquired at 400 total magnification (Scale bar; 50m). Photomicrographs are representative images from three experiments
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yes
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PMC9941838
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Figure_2
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oa_package/07/95/PMC9941838.tar.gz
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['No significant change in lysosomal content and function in E326K mutant fibroblastsThe overall endo-lysosomal content of fibroblasts was measured by western blot analysis with the lysosomal marker lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) (A).', 'C No significant alterations were observed between the cell lines.', 'No changes were observed in young and old controls (B and D).', 'Lysosomal content and function in patient-derived fibroblasts.', 'To investigate the overall lysosomal function, enzyme activity assays were performed to measure the activity of two other lysosomal hydrolases, -galactosidase and -hexosaminidase (C 2D).', 'The analysis of age-matched controls revealed no significant alterations between aged and young controls (E-F).']
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Figure 2 Lysosomal content and function in patient-derived fibroblasts. ( ) LAMP1 levels were measured via western blot and quantified to assess the overall endo-lysosomal content of the fibroblasts. Data quantified and normalized to WT/WT fibroblast controls. Three technical repeats. ( ) LAMP1 levels measured via western blot and compared with young control fibroblasts. Lysosomal function in patient-derived fibroblasts. Three technical repeats. ( ) -Galactosidase and ( ) -hexosaminidase were measured at pH4.1 to assess the overall lysosomal function in fibroblasts. All data normalized to WT/WT control fibroblasts. Four technical repeats. The activities of lysosomal hydrolases, ( ) -galactosidase and ( ) -hexosaminidase were measured with young control fibroblasts. Four technical repeats. The for each genotype per experiment was WT/WT =3; E326K/WT =1; E326K/E326K =1; L444P/L444P =2; N370S/N370S =2. For the analysis of young controls, WT/WT =2; young WT/WT =2; L444P/L444P 2. All graphs show the mean with error bars as the SEM. The statistical test used was one-away ANOVA with Tukeys post hoc analysis. Raw data can be found at .
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yes
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PMC3891488
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Figure_3
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oa_package/21/67/PMC3891488.tar.gz
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['70 For example, when dendritic cells were co-cultured with T-cells and incubated with fluorescently labeled bacteria and polystyrene particles (200 nm), we found that only dendritic cells internalized both particles (unpublished data, ).']
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Figure 3 Confocal fluorescence images showing the uptake of particles and polystyrene particles (200 nm) by dendritic cells (unpublished data). Dendritic cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured with T-cells and incubated with inactivated particles labeled with a pH sensitive dye that becomes fluorescent in an acidic environment ( ; red) and FITC-loaded 200 nm polystyrene particles ( , green). The overlay image ( ) shows that the bigger cells (ie, dendritic cells), but not T-cells, had internalized particles. Both and polystyrene particles were co-localized in intracellular acidic compartments. FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate.
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yes
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PMC5583537
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Figure_3
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oa_package/28/57/PMC5583537.tar.gz
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["Fifty-five-years-old caucasian male with mantle cell radiation for Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated with radiation heart valve disease with severe aortic valve stenosis status post mehanical aortic valve replacement surgery."]
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Figure 3 Fifty-five-years-old caucasian male with mantle cell radiation for Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated with radiation heart valve disease with severe aortic valve stenosis status post mehanical aortic valve replacement surgery. Few years later he presented with chest pain and had PCI to the proximal LAD and LCx with DES. However, both few months later he developed ISR and underwent another PCI with DES to the proximal LAD and LCx. Patient was referred for vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of ISR of the LCx due to increased chest pain at rest and recurrent ISR of proximal LCx. A: Coronary angiogram showing 90% focal proximal LCx ISR (red arrow); B: Balloon angioplasty of the proximal LCx lesion (red arrow) to prepare the lesion before brachytherapy delivery; C: Coronary angiogram showing the Novoste Beta-Cath System that was used to deliver a source train that contains 12 individual radioactive seeds blue arrow to red arrow). Once properly positioned, 23 Gy from the center of the source center was prescribed. The patient was monitored during the dwell time which required 4 min and 49 s; D: Another balloon angioplasty was done after the radioactive seeds are pulled from LCx; E: Final TIMI-III flow in the LCx. PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; LAD: Left anterior descending artery; LCx: Left circumflex; DES: Drug-eluting stents; ISR: In-stent restenosis.
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yes
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PMC8509017
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Figure_7
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oa_package/14/0b/PMC8509017.tar.gz
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['The miR-29a-3p level in the PAH group was significantly lower than that in the donor group (A), whereas THBS2 expression was significantly higher in the PAH group (B).', 'Furthermore, a negative correlation between the miR-29a-3p and THBS2 (C) levels was detected in patients with PAH.', 'miR-29a-3p negatively correlated with mPAP and PVR and positively correlated with TAPSE; THBS2 showed a positive correlation with mPAP and PVR and a negative correlation with TAPSE (D I).', 'The miR-29a-3p/THBS2 axis mediated the cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast transition through ECM structural constituents and collagen-containing ECM pathway, thereby increasing PAH-induced cardiac fibrosis (J).', 'MiR-29a-3p/THBS2 axis regulates the progression of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH).']
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Figure 7 MiR-29a-3p/THBS2 axis regulates the progression of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). ( ) Exosomal miR-29a-3p level in the serum of healthy controls (NR) and patients with PAH was determined by real-time PCR. ( ) THBS2 expression in the serum was determined by ELISA. Data are expressed as median and interquartile range. MannWhitney U-test was used to compare two independent groups (** < 0.01). ( ) Correlation coefficient between the miR-29a-3p and THBS2 expression levels. R, Pearsons correlation coefficient. ( ) The correlation of miR-29a-3p with the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with PAH. ( ) The correlation of the serum THBS2 level with mPAP, TAPSE, and PVR in patients with PAH. ( ) Suggested mechanism underlying PAH-induced cardiac fibrosis mediated by exosomal miR-29a-3p and THBS2. Serum miR-29a-3p and THBS2 (secreted by cardiomyocytes) might increase cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and promote cardiac fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation, enhance collagen production/deposition, and augment cardiac fibrosis.
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yes
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PMC5108591
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Figure_8
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oa_package/8d/92/PMC5108591.tar.gz
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['Statistical models revealed that all inhibitors significantly rescued muscle differentiation in CA RET51-expressing C2C12s (A C, Sunitinib: p=2 10 16, TG101209: p=2 10 16, Zactima: p=4.', '18 10 14, source data 1).', 'Crucially, this dose-dependent response to Sunitinib and TG101209 occurred without overtly affecting cell number (D F, source data 2).', 'In contrast, Zactima significantly affected cell number in a non-dose dependent manner and had a strong effect on fusion in control samples (C and F and source data 2).', 'Sunitinib was selected for further analysis, as it promoted an effective rescue of fusion in the presence of CA RET51, without causing large changes to cell number (G).', '10.', '010.', '(A C) Quantification of the fusion index of C2C12 myoblasts transduced with control (red) or CA RET51-encoding retrovirus (blue) and treated with Sunitinib, TG101209 or Zactima at varying doses is shown as a statistical model fitted to the log of the odds ratio of the fusion index (-log ratio/(1-ratio)) ( source data 1).', '(D F) Quantification of the number of C2C12 myoblasts transduced with control (red) or CA RET51-encoding retrovirus (blue) when treated with Sunitinib, TG101209 or Zactima at varying doses ( source data 2).', '011 source data 1.', '011<media mime-subtype="docx" mimetype="application" xlink:href="elife-11405-fig8-data1.', '012 source data 2.', '012<media mime-subtype="docx" mimetype="application" xlink:href="elife-11405-fig8-data2.', 'docx" orientation="portrait" id="d36e2303" position="anchor"/>Sunitinib suppresses DUX4-mediated pERK1/2 signallingTo address the mechanism of Sunitinib in myoblasts, we examined characterised downstream targets of Ret signalling, namely phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) e.', 'DUX4 was induced in iC2C12-DUX4 myoblasts using 500 ng/ml doxycycline with or without the addition of 250 ng/ml Sunitinib for 20 hr (H).', 'Western blot analysis showed that Sunitinib significantly reduced pERK1/2 levels in DUX4-expressing myoblasts, without affecting total ERK (H and I).', 'Total AKT and pAKT levels were unaltered by Sunitinib for 20 hr in iC2C12-DUX4 myoblasts expressing DUX4 (H and J).', 'This is now included as .', 'While the observations could also be due to the co-treatment with Doxycyclin, we feel that this is unlikely, as we did not see any effects on ERK phosphorylation with Doxycyclin treatment alone (H J).']
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10.7554/eLife.11405.010
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yes
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PMC6586099
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Figure_1
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oa_package/3b/2b/PMC6586099.tar.gz
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['Using 10/0 nylon monocryl wire, four or five evenly spaced interrupted sutures were placed to stitch the ureter to the wall of the bladder on the left ((A C)).', '.', 'The incision was closed and then the anesthesia was reversed ((A F)).', 'The results showed that obstructed kidneys in UUO group were characterized by hydronephrosis, thinning of renal parenchyma and significantly expanded renal pelvis ((G,P)).', 'A certain degree of hydronephrosis in RUUO group suggested that the ureter still has some degree of obstruction ((H,J,Q)).', 'The opening of the ureter was blurred and sticky in RUUO group when the bladder is cut open ((I)), which suggested the ureter is incompletely recanalized.', 'When the obstructed kidneys were released by reimplantation + catheter way, the volume of de-obstructed kidneys were smaller than that in contralateral unobstructed kidney (CUK), and there was no obvious hydronephrosis in the renal pelvis ((I,M,R)).', 'When the mouse bladder is cut, the catheter was seen in place smoothly ((N,O)), which suggested the ureter is completely recanalized.']
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Figure 1. Surgery pictures. (A) The end of the left enlarged ureter was found and isolated under the identification of the black 7/0 silk tie used to tie the left ureter in the first operation. The solid arrow indicates the enlarged ureter. The dashed arrow indicates the filled bladder. (B) A 20-mL syringe was pushed through into the bladder from the left-hand side, into its cavity, and out again through the right-hand side. The solid arrow indicates the enlarged ureter. The dashed arrow indicates the bladder. (C) A vascular clamp was taken to secure the distal end of the ureter and prevent it from slipping back into the bladder cavity. Using 10/0 monocryl wire, four or five evenly spaced interrupted sutures were placed to stitch the ureter to the wall of the bladder on the left. The solid arrow indicates the enlarged ureter. The dashed arrow indicates a vascular clamp. (D) Under the guidance of the insulin needle, a diameter of 69mm PTFE tube was pushed into the ureteral cavity with tube mouth exposed 12mm. The solid arrow indicates the PTFE tube. The dashed arrow indicates the ureteral wall. (E) The details of the figure (D) under the microscope. (F) The anterior wall of the bladder was sutured. Arrows indicate the anterior wall of the bladder. (G, P) The comparison of kidney at 10days post-UUO (figure right) and CUK (figure left). (H, Q) The comparison of kidney at 7days post RUUO by reimplantation way (figure right) and CUK (figure left). (I, R) The comparison of kidney at 7days post RUUO by reimplantation+catheter way (figure right) and CUK (figure left). (J) The kidney at 7days post RUUO by reimplantation way. The solid arrow indicates hydronephrosis. The dashed arrow indicates the bladder. (K) The details of the figure (J) under the microscope. (L) The catheterization section of the ureter was surrounded by connective tissue, when the bladder is cut open. There was no dye flow out of the ureter when the brown dye was injected into the renal pelvis. The arrow indicates the segment of the ureter. (M) The kidney at 7days post RUUO by reimplantation+catheter way. The solid arrow indicates the no hydronephrosis. The dashed arrow indicates the bladder. (N) The catheter was seen in the bladder wall and smoothly, when the bladder in figure (M) was cut open. The arrow indicates the mouth of the catheter. (O) The details of the figure (M) under the microscope. The arrow indicates the mouth of the catheter.
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yes
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PMC7873419
|
Figure_3
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oa_package/fd/3d/PMC7873419.tar.gz
|
['14 imCMS captures this intrinsic variation in separate predictions for each image tile and provides a novel approach to investigate the intratumoural transcriptional heterogeneity of CRC (figure 3A, online supplementary figure S6A-D).', 'Comparison of the imCMS versus CMS prediction scores revealed a high level of agreement between both classification schemes in the majority of the slides (figure 3B, online supplementary figure S7A).', 'We next derived secondary CMS calls from the molecular data (figure 3C, online supplementary materials and methods) and further investigated the similarity between the corresponding CMS and imCMS prediction scores in groups stratified by primary and secondary CMS calls.', 'Based on the cosine similarity measure, the concordance of the two prediction scores was significantly better than chance in a majority of the stratified groups (figure 3D, online supplementary figures S7B, S9, online supplementary materials and methods).', 'pdf" mime-subtype="pdf" mimetype="application" content-type="local-data"/>\nIntratumoural heterogeneity of the imCMS molecular subtypes.']
|
Figure 3 Intratumoural heterogeneity of the imCMS molecular subtypes. (A) Visualisation of the regional classification of the imCMS classifier. imCMS classification of a tumour sample can exhibit uniform results (left) or a degree of variation in the predicted imCMS class and the level of confidence (right). The colour overlay indicates the imCMS classes and the opacity reflects the classification confidence. (B) Heterogeneity of the CMS and imCMS classification scores. Each bar represents classification scores of a sample, and samples are sorted by the entropy of the prediction scores from the molecular-based random forest CMS classifier. (C) Heterogeneity of the CMS classification. A secondary CMS call was derived by relaxing the classification threshold of the random forest CMS classifier. (D) Cosine similarity between the imCMS and CMS prediction scores, stratified by the primary and secondary CMS calls. The levels of similarity were compared against those produced by a random classifier. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, adjusted for the false discovery rate. P value <0.05was considered statistically significant. indicates the number of patients. Note that two diagnostic slides (serial sections) were available for the majority of cases in the FOCUS and GRAMPIAN cohorts. In cases where two slides were available, the analyses for each slide were performed separately. Panels (B) and (D) report the results for the first slide. The matched results for the second slide are provided in . imCMS predictions represent the calls made by the domain adversarially trained imCMS classifier. imCMS, image-based consensus molecular subtype; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas.
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yes
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PMC6185916
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Figure_5
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oa_package/a5/54/PMC6185916.tar.gz
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[' 5a, Supplementary Data 1), a categorization of the proteins in different classes (Supplementary ', ' 5b), as are many adhesion molecules (', ' 5c).', ' 5d).', 'The lifetimes from specific pathways are different between brain cortex and cerebellum.', 'On the contrary, histones are more stabilized in the cerebellum than in the cortex (d)To next test the relation between protein lifetimes and subcellular localization, we prepared synaptosomal and synaptic vesicle fractions from the cortex and from the cerebellum (Supplementary ']
|
Fig. 5 The lifetimes from specific pathways are different between brain cortex and cerebellum. Scatter plot of protein lifetimes in the cortex homogenate vs. the cerebellum homogenate. Proteins significantly different in the two tissues for several pathways identified by the classification of lifetime changes (Bonferroni adjusted -value<0.001; see also Supplementary Fig. ). Several exo-endocytosis cofactors are shorter-lived in the cerebellum when compared to the cortex ( ), as well as specific adhesion molecules of the brain ( , left side). With the exception of septin 8, most septins (3, 5, 6, 7, and 11) are also longer-lived in the cortex ( , right side). On the contrary, histones are more stabilized in the cerebellum than in the cortex ( )
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yes
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PMC10989409
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Figure_2
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oa_package/ce/ea/PMC10989409.tar.gz
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['\nRadiographic image.']
|
Figure 2 A: Dry human maxillary bone periapical radiographic image; B: Gypsum-rice maxillary phantom periapical radiographic image.
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yes
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PMC5971129
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Figure_21
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oa_package/67/44/PMC5971129.tar.gz
|
[]
|
Fig. 21 A time line summarizing the ages by which or at which significant change in visual and choroidal parameters occurred in our sample of pigeons. The age by which 50% loss had occurred for the retinal illumination and EWM-evoked ChBF responses was around three years (2.9 and 3.16, respectively). Despite the early decline in the function of the EWM-ciliary ganglion circuit, the age by which 50% of the loss in the ciliary ganglion innervation of the choroid was not until 10 years. These results suggest that the functional decline in this circuit precedes the actual intrachoroidal fiber loss. These findings are compared with findings for basal ChBF, choriocapillary vessel abundance, photoreceptor loss and acuity decline, and choroidal parameters. The half loss point for choriocapillary vessels was also at 3 years, but the significant drop in photoreceptor abundance and the 50% loss for acuity did not occur until after the major declines in the various choroidal vascular and functional parameters.
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yes
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PMC2892616
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Figure_6
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oa_package/85/5e/PMC2892616.tar.gz
|
[' 6).', ' 6).', ' 6).', '', 'Both, neuronal loss and formation of pE-A deposits was most pronounced in NbM\nDiscussionThe aim of this study was to reveal whether QC expression and pE-A deposition can be spatially correlated with defined neuronal populations known to be affected by selective degeneration and by A pathology in AD brains.']
|
Fig.6 Quantification of QC-expressing neurons and pE-A deposits in normal human brain and in AD. The highest proportion of QC-immunoreactive neurons in control subjects was detected in the NbM, followed by LC and EWN. In all brain regions analysed, there was a reduction of the neuronal number in AD as identified by expression of Ucn-1/ChAT, TH and ChAT, respectively (* <0.05). While in control subjects no pE-A deposits were detected in any of the brain nuclei investigated, a significant number of pE-A deposits was detected in AD brains. Both, neuronal loss and formation of pE-A deposits was most pronounced in NbM
|
yes
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PMC8498570
|
Figure_2
|
oa_package/a0/3b/PMC8498570.tar.gz
|
['COL IV and COL VI were decreased in the SDAVF-DV ().', 'Elastin, COL I, COL III, COL IV and COL IV immunohistochemistry.']
|
Figure 2 Elastin, COL I, COL III, COL IV and COL IV immunohistochemistry. Histological features of the STA, STV and SDAVF-DV are shown in the photomicrographs. Representative photomicrographs showing HE-stained and Masson's trichrome-stained vascular tissues are presented. Elastin, COL I, COL III, COL IV and COL IV were detected by immunohistochemistry. Scale bar = 50 m.
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yes
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PMC6028561
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Figure_2
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oa_package/e4/84/PMC6028561.tar.gz
|
['The roles of FLS in RA.']
|
Figure 2 The roles of FLS in RA. FLS are involved in many pathological aspects of RA by promoting synovitis, pannus growth, and cartilage/bone destruction. Abbreviations: FLS, fibroblast-like synoviocytes; TNF-, tumor necrosis factor ; IL-1, interleukin 1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; TGF-, transforming growth factor ; PG, prostaglandin; IFN, interferon; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.
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yes
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PMC4990849
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Figure_8
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oa_package/cc/64/PMC4990849.tar.gz
|
[' and Supplementary Movie S5 show a 4D MIOCT recording of the graft unfolding after insertion with the corresponding surgical camera frames.', 'org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="srep31689-f7"/>4D MIOCT-guided unfolding of graft below native cornea during human partial thickness corneal transplantation.']
|
Figure 8 4D MIOCT-guided unfolding of graft below native cornea during human partial thickness corneal transplantation. 4D MIOCT imaging was necessary to determine the axial distance between the graft and native cornea, which was invisible through the operating microscope. ( ) Frames from the surgical camera (top) and excerpts from a 4D MIOCT recording shown in B-scans (middle) and volumes (bottom) during graft insertion and unfolding (Movie S5). As the graft (GR) (blue) unfolded, the surgeon used 4D MIOCT data to monitor the graft/cornea interface (GCI) (orange) and to ensure graft/cornea apposition. The volumetric rate for was 0.5 volumes/second. An image artifact due to specular reflection (SR) (yellow) from the corneal apex is present in the middle of the volumes. Time stamps (black) are in seconds. The white rectangle in the volumes denotes the location of the B-scan. The green dashed box denotes the lateral MIOCT field of view. The volumetric MIOCT field of view was 61010mm.
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yes
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PMC5517616
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Figure_3
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oa_package/b5/23/PMC5517616.tar.gz
|
[' 3A C).', ' 3D F).', ' 3G I).', 'Media analysis by ELISA for (A C) PlGF, (D F) sFlt-1 and (G I) Endoglin from preterm, term and PE placenta.', '\nsFLt-1:PlGF ratio in media preparations from preterm, term and sPE placentas.']
|
Figure 3 Media analysis by ELISA for ( ) PlGF, ( ) sFlt-1 and ( ) Endoglin from preterm, term and PE placenta. PlGF and sFlt-1 levels were mainly detected in total and EV-free media. Endoglin was detected in total media but its levels were markedly reduced in EV-depleted media. All three angiogenic proteins showed minimal levels in EV-enriched media, microvesicle-enriched media and EV lysates. Large micro-vesicles=obtained after the 10,000g spin, include micro-vesicle and apoptotic bodies. EV lysates=obtained by RIPA lysis of purified EV pellets.
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yes
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PMC3821277
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Figure_4
|
oa_package/f0/0b/PMC3821277.tar.gz
|
['Patients responded completely to steroid treatment(a-c) (a) Chest radiographs and (b-d) axial contrast enhanced HRCT show ground-glass opacities and mosaic attenuation pattern.']
|
Figure 4 (a-c) (a) Chest radiographs and (b-d) axial contrast enhanced HRCT show ground-glass opacities and mosaic attenuation pattern. Patient was 27-year-old with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme level of 90 IU/L
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yes
|
PMC5568415
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Figure_12
|
oa_package/07/94/PMC5568415.tar.gz
|
[]
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0183565.g012
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yes
|
PMC7164720
|
Figure_2
|
oa_package/e4/95/PMC7164720.tar.gz
|
[]
|
Figure 2 Enlarged right external iliac lymph node measuring up to 1.3 cm
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yes
|
PMC3529708
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Figure_1
|
oa_package/5d/4a/PMC3529708.tar.gz
|
['HarnekJZoucasEStenramUInsertion of self-expandable nitinol stents without previous balloon angioplasty reduces restenosis compared with PTA prior to stentingCardiovasc Intervent Radiol20022554303612042993.']
|
Figure 1. ( ) Long right iliac artery occlusion post balloon predilatation state. ( ) State following stent implantation proper patency of the vessel.
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yes
|
PMC6220320
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Figure_9
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oa_package/ab/d4/PMC6220320.tar.gz
|
[]
|
Figure EV3 Increased recruitment of complement protein C3 to retinal synapses after MOG/CFA injection Data information: Error bars are SEM; statistical test: MannWhitney test (Origin Pro).
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yes
|
PMC5501826
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Figure_1
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oa_package/4c/3f/PMC5501826.tar.gz
|
[' 1a and b, a large population of neuronal cell bodies is visible in the modiolus.', ' 1c and d, substantially fewer than average SGN cell bodies are observed in the modiolus, though sensory structures appear normal.', 'Representative cochlear histopathology in severe primary neural degeneration compared to age-matched control.', '\nIn the normally aging human population, SGN counts are known to demonstrate a clear decline per decade of life, with no significant gender or inter-aural differences19, 20.']
|
Figure 1 Representative cochlear histopathology in severe primary neural degeneration compared to age-matched control. In both examples, sensory structures are normal. ( ) mid-modiolar section (4X) from the cochlea of a patient with appropriate SGN numbers for age; scale bar 1mm. The boxed area is shown magnified in b. ( ) 10X magnification of the modiolus in a; scale bar 200m. ( ) Mid-modiolar section (4X) from an age-matched patient with severe primary neural degeneration (Patient 19), showing 85% fewer total SGN cell bodies than expected for age; scale bar 1mm. The boxed area is shown magnified in d. ( ) 10X magnification of the modiolus in c; scale bar, 200m.
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yes
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PMC9724508
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Figure_4
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oa_package/4e/e0/PMC9724508.tar.gz
|
['Brachial plexus metastasis from breast cancer.']
|
Figure 4 A: The patient underwent lesion punctuation under ultrasound guidance and the lesion was sent for pathology; B: Pathology showed large areas of tumor cells in fibroblast tissue. Immunohistochemistry showed the following results: A2-1: GATA3 (+), ER (+, strong, 90%), PR (+, moderate, 10%), HER-2 (3+), Ki67 (+15%), P120 (membrane+), P63 (-), E-cadherin (+), CK5/6 (-).
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yes
|
PMC5559642
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Figure_3
|
oa_package/b0/a2/PMC5559642.tar.gz
|
[]
|
FIGURE 3 Histopathological changes in the catfish intestine. Photomicrograph of control intestine showed its characteristic layers: mucosal epithelium (ME), submucosa (SM), muscularis (MM), and serosa (S). Intestine of infected catfish showed epithelial necrosis with sloughed necrotic debris in its lumen (arrows) 100, 400. Multifocal aggregation of bacteria in the intestinal lumen (B), 200, Giemsa stain.
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yes
|
PMC7065008
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Figure_1
|
oa_package/51/69/PMC7065008.tar.gz
|
['The pattern of microglia activation in inflammatory brain lesions depends upon the mechanisms of tissue injury and the type and stage of the lesion.']
|
Figure 1 The pattern of microglia activation in inflammatory brain lesions depends upon the mechanisms of tissue injury and the type and stage of the lesion. (al) Active lesion in a patient with acute inflammatory demyelinating disease fulfilling the pathological diagnostic criteria of multiple sclerosis (confluent inflammatory demyelinating lesion with axonal preservation) with profound oxidative injury and mitochondrial damage (Pattern III, Lucchinetti et al., ): (a) the demyelinated lesion shows a transition zone between the normal appearing white matter and the actual demyelinated areas with an increasing density of activated microglia and macrophages, expressing besides the pan microglia marker Iba1 very prominently also NADPHoxidase (p22phox); (b) higher magnification of the lesion edge shows the presence of granular Luxol fast blue reactive myelin degradation products in macrophages; (c, h) the normal appearing white matter reveals a normal density of microglia, but they already express NADPH oxidase (p22phox; c) and the lysosomal marker CD68 (h); (d, i) in the periplaque white matter there is a general activation of microglia with the formation of small microglia nodules; (e, j) in the zone of initial demyelination ongoing myelin damage is associated with a profound microglia activation and expression of markers for oxidative injury (p22phox) and phagocytosis (CD68); (f, k) in early active lesions myelin is destroyed and the remnants are taken up in cells with macrophage morphology; (g, l) in late active lesions a reduced expression of NADPH oxidase is seen in macrophages, which in part accumulate in the perivascular space. (ms) Active lesion in a patient with acute inflammatory demyelinating disease fulfilling the pathological diagnostic criteria of multiple sclerosis (as in the images al) but with antibody and complement mediated myelin destruction (Pattern II, Lucchinetti et al., ). (m) There is a sharp border between the demyelinated plaque and the adjacent white matter; (n) higher magnification shows the presence of myelin degradation products in macrophages at the lesion edge; (o) normal appearance of microglia in the normal appearing white matter; (p) increased numbers of activated microglia in the periplaque white matter adjacent to the lesion; (q) the lesion edge shows a small zone of reduced microglia density adjacent to a massive infiltration of the tissue by cells with macrophage morphology, which contain early myelin degradation products; (r) in the early active zone myelin is destroyed and the macrophages contain early myelin degradation products; (s) in the late active/inactive center there is a much lower density of macrophages and these cells in part accumulate in the perivascular space of inflamed vessels. Magnification bar: 100 m
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yes
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PMC10238593
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Figure_3
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oa_package/3d/b1/PMC10238593.tar.gz
|
['Knee biopsy and radiofrequency ablation probe inserted in the nidus (A).', '(A and B) Histopathology slides showing the sclerosed nidus (arrow) of mixed irregular anastomosing bony trabeculae and woven bone with variable mineralization.']
|
Fig. 3 Knee biopsy and radiofrequency ablation probe inserted in the nidus (A). The images were taken post radiofrequency ablation showing complete elimination of the nidus (B).
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yes
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PMC5126466
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Figure_1
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oa_package/2b/ba/PMC5126466.tar.gz
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[]
|
FIGURE 1 The swimming trajectory of each group on the last day of training trails and probe trail ; The statistical analysis of escape latencies in 5 days training trails; Times that the mouse crossed the place where submerged platform was placed were analyzed; In the probe trail, the mouse swimming times and distances in NE quadrant. Normal, C57BL/6 mouse administrated with vehicles (10%DMSO++5%Tween20+85%saline); ApoE-KO, ApoE-KO mouse administrated with vehicles (10%DMSO+5%Tween20+85%saline); 7,8-DHF, ApoE-KO mouse administrated with 7,8-DHF. Values were presented as mean SEM. < 0.01, < 0.05 versus the ApoE-KO group; < 0.01 versus the ApoE-KO group.
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yes
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PMC5732350
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Figure_1
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oa_package/08/0b/PMC5732350.tar.gz
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[]
|
Figure-1 Gross appearance of maedi disease in a lung of a sheep: The affected lung is enlarged; having variable sizes (1-2 mm) whitish nodules in all the lobes (arrows) and failed to collapse.
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yes
|
PMC2982165
|
Figure_6
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oa_package/c3/7d/PMC2982165.tar.gz
|
['Although occupying distinct surfaces of IscS, CyaY and IscU are next to each other, with CyaY fitting the cavity delimited by the IscS dimer interface and the IscU-binding site (a).', 'This region overlaps only partially with that occupied by TusA, another protein partner of IscS involved in delivering sulphur for tRNA modification7 (b).', 'CyaY sits relatively close to the loop containing the catalytic Cys328, but far from the pyridoxal phophate (~18 ), in agreement with our previous observation that CyaY does not interfere with enzymatic activity13 (c).', 'org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="ncomms1097-f5"/>Structure of the ternary complex CyaY/IscS/IscU.', '(c) Blowup of a but in a ribbon representation showing the relative position of pyridoxal phophate (PLP, magenta), the catalytic loop (purple), the three conserved cysteines of IscU (yellow) and Trp61 of CyaY (green).']
|
Figure 6 Structure of the ternary complex CyaY/IscS/IscU. ( ) Surface representation of the model obtained by combining the small-angle X-ray scattering and NMR information, showing in blue and cyan the two IscS protomers; in red and orange red, IscU; and in gold and yellow, CyaY. ( ) Surface representation in the same orientation as in ( ) of the IscS complex (blue and light blue) with TusA (different gradations of green, 3LVJ). ( ) Blowup of Figure 6a but in a ribbon representation showing the relative position of pyridoxal phophate (PLP, magenta), the catalytic loop (purple), the three conserved cysteines of IscU (yellow) and Trp61 of CyaY (green). The catalytic loop was built by homology using the 3GZC47 coordinates the sequence of which has a sequence similarity/identity of 30 and 50%, respectively, and superposes to 1P3W, with a lower root mean square deviation of 1.21 . The resulting model was energy minimized by the Gromacs package .
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yes
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PMC6137340
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Figure_2
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oa_package/c4/02/PMC6137340.tar.gz
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['Using a system of a 6 Fr Envoy guide catheter (Deputy Synthes, MA, USA), 017 Headway 17 microcatheter (Microvention, CA, USA), 014 Traxcess microwire (Microvention, CA, USA), 4 mm 7 mm Hyperform balloon (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland), 7 Axium coils of various sizes (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland), the aneurysm sac was packed with no distal embolization or branch occlusion with balloon assistance ().']
|
Fig. 2 Sagittal planar cerebral DSA image prior to coiling. The arrow identifies the large 1155cm anterior communicating artery aneurysm in the sagittal plane, without active contrast extravasation.
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yes
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PMC11505609
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Figure_1
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oa_package/e7/96/PMC11505609.tar.gz
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['Exposure times were optimized per image to prevent overexposure, and images were taken at 20 magnification across multiple regions of interest (ROI) in the subiculum, cortex, and white matter ().', 'To this aim, immunohistochemical staining was performed to compare the levels of A , GFAP, IBA1, MBP, and DAPI in the hippocampal region (subiculum), upper and lower cerebral cortex, and white matter of 2-month- (2M) and 6-month- (6M) old mice (A).', 'Progressive increase in A accumulation, myelin degeneration, and gliosis in the 5xFAD brains.', 'Fluorescence microscopy images (A) illustrate this progression.', 'Fluorescence microscopy images (represented in ) were quantified, and the corresponding signal derived from the markers (A) A , (B) GFAP, (C) IBA1 and (D) MBP is presented.', 'Glial Activation and Demyelination Are Prominent in the Hippocampus and Cerebral Cortex in the 6M 5xFAD MiceFluorescent microscopy images of GFAP staining (A,B) showed that 5xFAD mice exhibited higher levels of GFAP in the subiculum and white matter compared to WT in 2M mice, and in the subiculum, upper cortex, lower cortex, and white matter compared to WT in 6M mice.', 'Fluorescence microscopy images of IBA1 staining (B) indicated higher IBA1 levels in the subiculum, upper cortex, lower cortex, and white matter of 6M 5xFAD mice compared to WT, but no difference at 2M.', 'Fluorescent microscopy images of MBP (C) revealed that 6-month-old 5xFAD mice exhibit a lower level of MBP in the subiculum and lower cortex compared to WT mice.', 'DAPI staining showed no visual differences between 5xFAD and WT mice in fluorescence microscopy images ( and S2).']
|
Figure 1 Progressive increase in A accumulation, myelin degeneration, and gliosis in the 5xFAD brains. Representative fluorescence staining images from triple-stainings in brain slices of 5xFAD and WT with ( ) A/GFAP/DAPI, ( ) IBA1/GFAP/DAPI, and ( ) A/MBP/DAPI at 2 (2M) and 6 (6M) month timepoints. (1) 5 magnification (2.02 m/pixel) microscopy images of brain slices showing subiculum, upper cortex, lower cortex, and white matter. (2) 20 magnification (0.5128 m/pixel) microscopy images of brain slices showing subiculum. Scale bars indicate 500 m and 100 m for upper and lower rows, respectively.
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yes
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PMC5027634
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Figure_1
|
oa_package/44/5b/PMC5027634.tar.gz
|
[' 1a).', ' 1a).', 'Schematic neural induction diagrams and characterization of the NSPCs generated from human PBMC-derived iPSCs.', '(n = 2 for each iPSC-NSPC lines) See also Additional file 1: S1 and Additional file 2: Table S1The differentiation of three iPSC clones into NSPCs was confirmed with flow cytometric analysis (', ' 1b and Additional file 1: S1A) in which low pluripotency marker expression (TRA-1-60, SSEA4, and CD324 (E-Cadherin) [19, 20]) and high neural marker expression (PSA-NCAM) [21] were observed.', ' 1c and Additional file 1: S1B).', ' 1d and Additional file 1: S1C).', ' 1e and Additional file 2: Table S1).', ' 1e).', ' 1b, c, and d.']
|
Fig. 1 Schematic neural induction diagrams and characterization of the NSPCs generated from human PBMC-derived iPSCs. Schematics of the NSPC induction protocols used in this study. (Scale=200m for the images of neurospheres.) ( , , ) Representative data taken by 1210B2-NSPCs for characterization analysis of the NSPCs. Cell surface markers of the induced NSPCs. The quantitative RT-PCR analysis results are depicted by Ct values. Quantitative RTPCR analysis confirmed the decrease in the iPSC markers, and an increase in NSPC markers following the differentiation of iPSCs into NSPCs. ( =2 for each iPSC-NSPC lines) Representative immunocytochemistry data collected to confirm the differentiation potential of NSPCs into neuronal and glial lineages. (Scale=100m.) The correlation coefficients of the expression profiles among the NSPCs. The microarray profiles were similar between all the NSPCs regardless of the induction protocols or iPSCs. ( =2 for each iPSC-NSPC lines) See also Additional file : Figure S1 and Additional file : Table S1
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yes
|
PMC6039888
|
Figure_4
|
oa_package/3c/44/PMC6039888.tar.gz
|
['A urinary catheter was left in place during the postoperative period and removed after a normal cystogram.']
|
Fig. 4 Bladder defect after resection of th urachal diverticulum.
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yes
|
PMC5437436
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Figure_4
|
oa_package/af/86/PMC5437436.tar.gz
|
['Adherent fibrin coating on the mouth floor and the ventral surface of the tongue.']
|
Fig. 4 Adherent fibrin coating on the mouth floor and the ventral surface of the tongue.
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yes
|
PMC5011230
|
Figure_2
|
oa_package/de/0f/PMC5011230.tar.gz
|
['001"/>B mode ultrasound of the bladder showing a thickened bladder wall (arrows).']
|
Figure 2 B mode ultrasound of the bladder showing a thickened bladder wall (arrows).
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yes
|
PMC11363445
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Figure_1
|
oa_package/08/b2/PMC11363445.tar.gz
|
[' 1).', ' 1) a left hyperintense fronto-temporo-parietal lesion with two different hyperintensities in the temporal region.', ' 1) revealed two distinct left temporal intensities, one a medial hypointense crescent-shaped lesion and the other hyperintense and extending to the left fronto-parietal.', '', 'C T2w axial sections shows multiple intensity lesions with a clear margin between them; medial is hypointense and lateral is hyperintense']
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Fig.1 Preoperative. CT brain axial section shows subfalcine herniation with an isodense lesion in left fronto-temporo-parietal region. T1w axial sections shows hyperintense lesion filling the left temporal fossa and extending frontal and parietal. T2w axial sections shows multiple intensity lesions with a clear margin between them; medial is hypointense and lateral is hyperintense
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yes
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PMC5005414
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Figure_1
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oa_package/46/4c/PMC5005414.tar.gz
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['Intraoral radiography: (A) periodontitis and endodontic disease absent in a 4-year-old male-castrated Labrador Retriever in tooth 309 (*) and 310 (^), (B) periodontitis present in a 14-year-old male Dachshund in tooth 309 (*) and 310 (^), and (C) endodontic disease present in a 4-year-old male-castrated Labrador Retriever in tooth 208 (**).']
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Figure 1 .
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yes
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PMC8526082
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Figure_9
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oa_package/68/0d/PMC8526082.tar.gz
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['Immunohistochemical staining for SALL4, a marker of germ cells, is completely negative, indicating a fertility index of 0%.']
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Figure 9 Immunohistochemical staining for SALL4, a marker of germ cells, is completely negative, indicating a fertility index of 0%. SALL4: Sal-like protein 4
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yes
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PMC5573295
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Figure_2
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oa_package/da/43/PMC5573295.tar.gz
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['We found that 21 g/ml histone mixture or 4 M (56 g/ml) H2A histone were necessary for maximal polymerization of 4 M CaATP-G-actin ().', 'However, it is possible to use an average molecular weight of 21K according to molecular weight marker (A inner panel).', 'The amount of actin sedimented at various histone concentrations was compared to the plateau of pyrene fluorescence obtained at the same histone concentration (C and 2D).', 'g002Polymerization of CaATP-G-actin by histone mixture and H2A histone followed by high speed centrifugation was compared with the plateaus of the pyrene fluorescent measurements.', 'A, inset: SDS-PAGE, left, actin and histone mixture before centrifugation; right, molecular weight marker.', 'B, inset: actin lanes from the SDS-PAGE of supernatants after high speed centrifugation.', 'Sedimentation data were taken from experiments presented in A and B.']
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10.1371/journal.pone.0183760.g002
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yes
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PMC4493046
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Figure_4
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oa_package/79/26/PMC4493046.tar.gz
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['Delayed cell death following traumaIn the Bl/6 eyes post-injury, cell death was first detected at 7 dpi (n = 3) and was limited to small patches in the mid-peripheral and occasionally central retina (C and 4E).', 'The majority of the TUNEL-positive nuclei were located in the ONL (G).', 'g004Cell death occurs in focal regions in both strains.', 'g005"/>The onset of cell death in the D2 eye was also 7 dpi (n = 3) and was limited to small patches in the mid-peripheral and central retina (D and 4F).', 'Like the Bl/6, the majority of the TUNEL-positive nuclei were present in the ONL (H).']
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10.1371/journal.pone.0131921.g004
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yes
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PMC10474779
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Figure_7
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oa_package/0e/8e/PMC10474779.tar.gz
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[' 7A, B), or in the motor cortex (', ' 7C, D).', 'The effect of late chronic LC activation on cortical astrocyte activation and noradrenergic projections.', 'Scale bars: A, C, 200 m; E, F, H, J, 100 mThe effect of rM3D(Gs)-DREADDpeak-mediated LC activation on noradrenergic projectionsStronger DBH expression was evident in the DH of the spinal cord in EAE-rM3Dpeak mice relative to the EAE animals (p 0.', ' 7E G), and in the IL (p 0.', ' 7H, I).', ' 7J, K).']
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Fig. 7 The effect of late chronic LC activation on cortical astrocyte activation and noradrenergic projections. Representative images showing astrocyte activation in the PL/IL and M2/M1 cortices, and , the quantification of GFAP immunoreactivity (IR) in arbitrary units (AU). Representative images showing DBH positive fibers in the dorsal and ventral horns (DH, VH) of the lumbar spinal cord, PL/IL and M2/M1 cortices, and , , the quantification of DBH IR in AU. The data represent the mean+SEM and each point corresponds to an individual mouse ( =45 per group). <0.05; <0.001 EAE versus nave; * <0.05, ** <0.01 EAE-rM3D versus EAE (Additional file : Table S8). Scale bars: , , 200m; , , , , 100m
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yes
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PMC11384021
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Figure_2
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oa_package/33/c8/PMC11384021.tar.gz
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[' Syn molecules were mobile at varying degrees within inclusions, which is consistent with them being liquid condensates formed via phase separation (fig. 2A,B).', 'There was a significant trend for the increase of the Fi of the inclusions over time between 48 120h (fig. 2C).', 'Finally, we observed a significant positive correlation between the size of the inclusions and their Fi (fig. 2D).', 'In summary, the biogenesis of Syn inclusions follows a complex process involving intermixed steps of phase separation and aggregation (fig. 2E).', '85), in keeping with a droplet nature (fig. 2F,G,H).', 'Treatment with a dose-response of 1,6-Hexanediol concentrations, which is an aliphatic alcohol that decreases hydrophobic interactions (Zhang et al, 2020), showed that high concentrations were associated with reduced number and size of Syn inclusions (fig. 2I,J,K).', 'High concentrations of 1,6-Hexanediol were also associated with significantly higher Fi, suggesting that the liquid component is dissolved and the solid one maintained (fig. 2L).', 'FRAP measurements showed that this treatment increases the Fi of Syn inclusions (fig. 2M).', 'A significant dose-response association was seen between higher Spermine concentrations and number of inclusions per cell (fig. 2N).', 'Knock-down of ADAMTS19, but not TAX1BP1, resulted in a decrease of the Fi of Syn inclusions, indicating that they become more liquid (fig. 2O,P).', '610195v1-f0001" position="float"/>:The role of phase separation in the formation of Syn inclusions.', 'This was done to ensure that matched populations of inclusions were imaged for each condition, given that we have observed a change in Fi depending on the size of the inclusions (see fig. 2D).']
|
Figure 2: The role of phase separation in the formation of Syn inclusions. A. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) plots on the inclusions formed in the 3K Syn M17D cell line. The inclusions were bleached either in their entirety or partially by 8 iterations of the 488nm laser and their recovery was monitored in timelapse imaging. Shown in the plot is the immobile fraction (Fi), which represents the proportion of fluorescence that did not recover, as indicated by the plateau level reached. Unpaired two tailed t-test. B. Confocal images showing the appearance of one Syn inclusion before bleaching, right after bleaching and post-recovery (plateau phase). C. Timecourse FRAP experiment showing the evolution of the Fi over 120h. The 16h timepoint was compared to each subsequent timepoint through a one way ANOVA with Dunnett test correction for multiple testing. Timepoints 48120h were analyzed through a one way ANOVA with test for linear trend. D. XY graph showing the relationship between the size of Syn inclusions and their Fi. Data was analyzed through Pearson and Spearman correlation tests, both of which showed a p-value <0.0001. R squared=0.1592. Equation determined through simple linear regression: Y=0.02150*X+0.2086. E. Proposed sequence of changes in the liquid-solid status of Syn inclusions over time. F. Plot showing the circularity index of Syn inclusions in the 3K cell line. G. Frequency plot showing the distribution of the circularity indexes for the Syn inclusions (bin size=0.05). H. Correlation plot for the circularity index versus inclusion size. Data was analyzed through Pearson and Spearman correlation tests, both of which showed a p-value <0.0001. R squared=0.2018. Equation determined through simple linear regression: Y=-9.74e-005*X+0.8702. I. Plot showing the number and J. size of Syn inclusions per cell after treatment with various concentrations of 1,6-Hexanediol (in %v/v). Data was analyzed through a one way ANOVA with test for linear trend. Data was normalized to the untreated control within each independent experiment prior to putting the data together, which was arbitrarily assigned the value of 1. K. Representative confocal images of 3K cells that were treated with dose-response concentrations of 1,6-Hexanediol (in %v/v). L. FRAP experiments on Syn inclusions after treatment with dose-response concentrations of 1,6-Hexanediol (in %v/v). Data was analyzed through a one way ANOVA with test for linear trend. M. FRAP experiments on Syn inclusions after treatment with 4000uM of Spermine. Whole inclusions were bleached. Unpaired two tailed t-test. N. Number of Syn inclusions per cell after treatment with dose-response concentrations of Spermine. Data was normalized to the untreated control within each independent experiment, which was arbitrarily assigned the value of 1. Data was analyzed through a one way ANOVA with test for linear trend for the concentrations between 04000uM of Spermine. O. FRAP experiments on Syn inclusions after knock-down of and versus non-targeting scrambled control (2 days post-transfection). Data was normalized to the negative control within each independent experiment, which was arbitrarily assigned the value of 1. Data was analyzed through one sample t-tests followed by Bonferroni correction for multiple tests. P. Frequency plot showing the distribution of the sizes of the inclusions that were analyzed for each siRNA. This was done to ensure that matched populations of inclusions were imaged for each condition, given that we have observed a change in Fi depending on the size of the inclusions (see ). Plots containing normalized data are labelled as such on the Y axis. 5 biological replicates were done for each experiment, unless stated otherwise. P values: *0.05, **0.01, ***0.001, ****0.0001. Only statistically significant differences are shown in the plots. Abbreviations: UT: untreated; SCR: scrambled; Fi: immobile fraction.
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yes
|
PMC8616256
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Figure_8
|
oa_package/01/52/PMC8616256.tar.gz
|
['Imaging in a 60-year-old female presenting with ill-defined anterior mediastinal mass.', '(a) Axial FDG PET/CT in the same patient as shows hypermetabolic adenopathy within the bilateral iliac chain (white arrows).']
|
Figure 8 Imaging in a 60-year-old female presenting with ill-defined anterior mediastinal mass. ( ) Axial 18F-FDG PET/CT showing ill-defined hypermetabolic mass within the anterior mediastinum (arrow). This was biopsy-proven thymic carcinoma. ( ) MRI T1 in phase sequence, ( ) MRI T1 out of phasenote there is no dropped signal on the T1 out of phase (arrows) due to lack of fat. This is consistent with residual disease.
|
yes
|
PMC6842909
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Figure_5
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oa_package/6f/9d/PMC6842909.tar.gz
|
['GDF15 expression was localized primarily to epithelial cells in fibrotic regions of the lung and within macrophages in those areas (A).', 'We also observed GDF15 expression in macrophages from donor lungs (A).', 'RNA-ISH staining was limited to the epithelial cells of the lung and sparsely stained cells in the rest of the lung, suggesting that epithelial cells are the primary source of GDF15 (B).', 'Western blotting of lung tissue samples from the lower lobe demonstrated higher expression of proGDF15 in IPF lungs (, C and D).', '.']
|
Fig. 5. Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is expressed by honeycomb cyst epithelial cells. : representative photomicrographs from three independent donor and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lungs. Slides were stained for GDF15 (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin. GDF15 expression is present in macrophages from healthy lungs (arrowheads) but rarely in epithelial cells. In contrast, GDF15 expression was abundant in epithelial cells (arrows) and macrophages in fibrotic lungs. Scale bar in micrographs is 2 mm and 100 m in . : RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) in donor and IPF lungs showing epithelial-specific expression of . Scale bar is 100 m. : Western blot of whole lung lysate from donor and IPF lungs for proGDF15 and GAPDH as a load control. : quantitation of proGDF15 in Western blot in . Values are means and SD. Students test, two tailed was used for comparison in . IHC, immunohistochemistry.
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yes
|
PMC10684955
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Figure_6
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oa_package/88/37/PMC10684955.tar.gz
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['Similar to GFAP, qualitative analysis showed that Iba1 labeling overlapped with 4G8-labeled fibrils in the dorsal subiculum of both Oil (s 6A D) and VCD (s 6E H) injected mice.', 'The Iba1-labeled microglia mostly surround clusters of 4G8-labeling, especially in the VCD-injected SWDI mice (s 6D,H).', 'Moreover, few blood vessels were associated with Iba1-labeled microglia and 4G8-labeling (s 6D,H).', 'Qualitative analysis shows overlapping labeling for 4G8, Iba1 and CD31 in the caudal subiculum of SWDI mice.']
|
Figure 6 Qualitative analysis shows overlapping labeling for 4G8, Iba1 and CD31 in the caudal subiculum of SWDI mice. Section from SWDI oil-treated mouse shows labeling for 4G8 , Iba1 , and CD31 . A merged image shows overlapping areas of 4G8 (green chevron), Iba1 (blue arrowhead) and CD31 (magenta arrowhead) labeling at low and high magnification as shown in the area bounded by the dashed box (inset). Section from SWDI VCD-treated mouse shows labeling of 4G8 , Iba1 , and CD31 . A merged image showing 4G8, Iba1 and CD31 labeling in close spatial proximity is shown at low and high magnification in the area contained in the dashed box (inset). Bars =200 m. Bar =75 m.
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yes
|
PMC5288146
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Figure_5
|
oa_package/56/41/PMC5288146.tar.gz
|
['Silencing PLK1 or MCL1 restores sensitivity to paclitaxel in resistant MDA-MB-468R cellsCells were silenced A.']
|
Figure 5 Silencing PLK1 or MCL1 restores sensitivity to paclitaxel in resistant MDA-MB-468R cells Cells were silenced with siRNA MCL1 or with siRNA PLK1 or with nontargeting controls and treated with 0.025 M paclitaxel during 24 h. Apoptosis induction was measured by appearance of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9 (CASP-9) and cleaved caspase-3 (CASP-3) by western blot. MCL1, PLK1, Cyclin B1 and p-His H3 were also assessed by western blot, using -actin as a loading control. Densitometric analysis of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9 (CASP-9) and cleaved caspase-3 (CASP-3) are shown as histograms. Data from triplicates are presented as mean SEM comparing paclitaxel-treated siRNA control paclitaxel-treated siRNA MCL1 or siRNA PLK1. * < 0.05 and ** < 0.01 from Student's t-test.
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yes
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PMC9728057
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Figure_5
|
oa_package/00/34/PMC9728057.tar.gz
|
['Capillary homeostasis is compromised, and retinal ganglion cells break down in Jag1\n\nNdr/Ndr\n retinas\nA D(A) P30 retina, three CD31+ capillary layers pseudo colored for superficial, intermediate and deep layers.']
|
Figure 3 mice display vascular guidance defects, with fewer and more tortuous blood vessels Data information: Bar graphs depict mean values standard deviation, each dot represents one biological replicate. Circles represent females, squares represent males. For details/results of statistical analyses, please see source data. A, arteriole; AV, arteriovenous; SMA, alpha smooth muscle actin; F, female; M, male; P(X), postnatal day X; V, venule.
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yes
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PMC4797513
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Figure_1
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oa_package/bd/28/PMC4797513.tar.gz
|
['All rats were given intravenous heparin (100 U/kg) to prevent coagulation and intramuscular penicillin (2 105 U) to prevent infection postoperatively for 3 consecutive days [].', 'Establishment of rat carotid artery injury model.']
|
Figure 1 Establishment of rat carotid artery injury model. (a) Balloon injury (b) ligature blood vessel and resume blood flow.
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yes
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PMC7398663
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Figure_8
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oa_package/8a/1a/PMC7398663.tar.gz
|
['Similar to our ex vivo results, we observed an increased activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the lungs (A G) and the spleen (H M) of infected animals after AGK2 treatment.', ' source data 1.', 'Source data for B M.', '<media mime-subtype="xlsx" mimetype="application" xlink:href="elife-55415-fig8-data1.', 'xlsx" orientation="portrait" id="d38e1534" position="anchor"/>.', '11) In when infected mouse spleens are immunoprofiled, it is unclear why the authors chose the spleen and not the lung.', '15) Several of the in vivo experiments (, 9 and 10), the adoptive transfer experiment and splenocyte flow cytometry experiment were only performed once with 3 mice for rigor and reproducibility, the authors should repeat these experiments for independent biological replicates.', '11) In when infected mouse spleens are immunoprofiled, it is unclear why the authors chose the spleen and not the lung.', '15) Several of the in vivo experiments (, 9 and 10), the adoptive transfer experiment and splenocyte flow cytometry experiment were only performed once with 3 mice for rigor and reproducibility, the authors should repeat these experiments for independent biological replicates.']
|
Figure 8. SIRT2 inhibition ameliorates T cell activation in the lungs and spleen of infected mice. Cells isolated from the lungs of control and AGK2-treated -infected C57BL/6 animals were subjected to surface staining (CD3-Pacific Blue, CD4-PE, CD8-APC/Cy7, CD69-FITC and CD25-APC) followed by FACS analysis. ( ) Gating strategy and representative dot plots. Scatter plots depicting the percentage of CD4 , CD4 CD69 , CD4 CD25 , CD8 , CD8 CD69 and CD8 CD25 T cells in the ( ) lungs and the ( ) spleen of infected mice. The experiment was performed twice with five mice in each group. Data is represented as meanSD (n=5). **p<0.005, ***p<0.0005.
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yes
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PMC5608771
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Figure_3
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oa_package/93/68/PMC5608771.tar.gz
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['3.', 'Anteroposterior chest radiograph of an 11 month old male hospitalized with WHO-defined very severe clinical pneumonia demonstrates the silhouette sign with partial loss of the right heart border in the presence of an adjacent opacity, demonstrating endpoint consolidation\nAn updated set of reference training chest radiographs is being developed under the World Health Organization CRES project.']
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Fig. 3 Anteroposterior chest radiograph of an 11 month old male hospitalized with WHO-defined very severe clinical pneumonia demonstrates the silhouette sign with partial loss of the right heart border in the presence of an adjacent opacity, demonstrating endpoint consolidation
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yes
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PMC3097808
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Figure_1
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oa_package/e6/1f/PMC3097808.tar.gz
|
['In all modern commercial systems [21-24] the CT is on the front and the PET is on the back: the patient first undergoes the CT scan and then the PET scan ().', 'These images show the layouts of the three commercial family systems available on the market: a) Siemens/CTI Biograph, b) GE Healthcare Discovery, c) Philips Gemini.']
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Figure 1 These images show the layouts of the three commercial family systems available on the market: a) Siemens/CTI Biograph, b) GE Healthcare Discovery, c) Philips Gemini.
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yes
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PMC11564393
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Figure_2
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oa_package/bb/66/PMC11564393.tar.gz
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[' 2) [6].', '', ' 2An example of eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma: (A, B) this tumor is characterized by an admixture of solid and cystic architecture, eosinophilic cytoplasm, with coarsely granular, basophilic cytoplasmic stippling, and focal to diffuse immunoreactivity for keratin 20 (C)In brief, LOT is noted to have a monomorphic pattern of eosinophilic cells with round, uniform nuclei (']
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Fig.2 An example of eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma: ( ) this tumor is characterized by an admixture of solid and cystic architecture, eosinophilic cytoplasm, with coarsely granular, basophilic cytoplasmic stippling, and focal to diffuse immunoreactivity for keratin 20 ( )
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yes
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PMC10336993
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Figure_1
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oa_package/b8/aa/PMC10336993.tar.gz
|
['\nImaging findings of the bile duct neoplasms.']
|
Figure 1 A: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) showed an occupying lesion in the common bile duct; B: MRI of the abdomen and MRCP showed significant stenosis of the bile duct, and dilatation of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. The red arrow points to the location of the bile duct tumor.
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yes
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PMC6682487
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Figure_3
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oa_package/db/3c/PMC6682487.tar.gz
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['08%) (\n\n), followed by removal of papillomas (16.', 'org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="10-1055-s-0039-1694735-i1800071oa-2"/>\nFibroma removal on gingival surface by carbon dioxide (CO\n2\n) laser.']
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Fig. 3 Fibroma removal on gingival surface by carbon dioxide (CO ) laser. ( ) Lesion before removal. ( ) Lesion just after removal. ( ) Lesion 3 weeks after removal.
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yes
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PMC8476638
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Figure_1
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oa_package/9b/ac/PMC8476638.tar.gz
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['Dynamic MRI at 18 s (early phase) showed pale enhancement after intravenous gadolinium injection, and at 81 and 153 s (middle and late phase, respectively) showed strong enhancement of the rotator interval and axillary pouch after intravenous gadolinium injection ().', '(Case 1): A 63-year-old woman after breast cancer surgery.', '4DiscussionThis study presents the first case series demonstrating the dynamic MRI findings in patients with shoulder stiffness post breast cancer surgery.']
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Fig. 1 (Case 1): A 63-year-old woman after breast cancer surgery. A. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging findings at 18s (early phase) showing pale enhancement of the rotator interval and axillary pouch (arrowhead). B. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging findings at 81s (middle phase) showing strong enhancement of the rotator interval and axillary pouch (arrowhead). C. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging findings at 153s (late phase) showing strong enhancement of the rotator interval and axillary pouch (arrowhead).
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yes
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PMC3352608
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Figure_3
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oa_package/ee/48/PMC3352608.tar.gz
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['[210] The MPC with osteoclastic giant cells subtype shows intraductal or infiltrating carcinoma contiguous or mixed with spindle cell or sarcomatous stroma plus osteoclastic cells [].', 'A 51-year-old female with palpable mass in the left breast with pathology of metaplastic carcinoma, with osseous metaplasia.']
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Figure 3 A 51-year-old female with palpable mass in the left breast with pathology of metaplastic carcinoma, with osseous metaplasia. Photomicrograph (H and E, low-power magnification) shows spindle cells with osteoid formation (arrow).
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yes
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PMC3288350
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Figure_3
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oa_package/85/d0/PMC3288350.tar.gz
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['In agreement with the negative impact of ATF4 deficiency on locomotor recovery after SCI, atf4 / mice presented fewer axons with normal morphology after SCI compared with control mice, as measured 2 mm caudal to the injury zone in toluidine blue-stained tissue (a).', 'No differences were observed in axonal density in atf4 / on the contralateral, non-injured side (a).', 'As a control, we performed eriochrome/cyanine staining to monitor the extent of the mechanical damage in both wild-type and atf4 / mice, which was virtually identical (b), also indicating that the surgery protocol was highly reproducible.', 'Increased accumulation of oligodendrocytes was observed in the area surrounding the injury zone of wild-type mice, as monitored by counting the number of olig2-positive cells by immunofluorescence (s 3c and d and Supplementary S2B).', 'This increase was ablated in atf4 / mice (c).', 'org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="cddis20128f2"/>Altered cellular environment in ATF4-deficient mice after SCI.']
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Figure 3 Altered cellular environment in ATF4-deficient mice after SCI. ( ) and mice were spinal cord-hemisected or sham-operated at the T12 vertebral level. At 14 days after surgery, spinal cord tissue was stained with toluidine blue to study axonal integrity (left panel). Intact axons from corticospinal tracts were quantified and expressed as axonal density values (right panel). ( ) Spinal cord tissue from hemisected and mice were longitudinally sectioned to analyze the injury size by eriochrome/cyanine myelin staining. Transversal injury length was measured from the edge of the spinal cord to the midline as shown by the red-dotted line. ( ) and mice were spinal cord-hemisected or sham-operated at the T12 vertebral level. At 5 days after surgery, spinal cord tissue processed for immunofluorescence for Olig2, to study oligodendrocytes and its progenitors (red); nuclei were counterstained using Hoechst (blue). Olig2-positive particles co-localizing with Hoechst were quantified every 50 m starting at the injury site. ( ) The same procedure as ( ), but total Olig2/Hoechst-positive particles were quantified in a semicircular area of 300 m radius surrounding the injury zone at 5 and 14 days post-surgery (DPS). MeanS.E.M. <0.05; Student's -test; =3 animals per group. Scale bars, 20 m in ( ), 200 m in ( ), and 100 m in ( ). Bars indicate S.E.M.
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yes
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PMC3518090
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Figure_1
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oa_package/8b/e2/PMC3518090.tar.gz
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['On inspection, loss of normal contour of left shoulder due to a diffuse swelling and asymmetric pectoral girdle ().', 'A metaphyseal lesion could suggest a chondromyxoid fibroma, while an epiphyseal lesion could suggest a chondroblastoma or a giant cell tumour (s 11 and 12).', 'The treatment involves surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy (s 13, 14, and 15).', '0-00212275356611561The picture is showing a 60 years old female who came with the c/o pain and swelling in upper arm.', '010"/>1Excision of lesion was done with affected soft tissue and bone.', '011"/>2Excised mass lesion.', '012"/>3Prosthesis surgery.', '013"/>4Postoperative radiograph.', '014"/>5Postsurgery picture.']
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Figure 1 The picture is showing a 60 years old female who came with the c/o pain and swelling in upper arm.
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yes
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PMC4701817
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Figure_2
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oa_package/25/29/PMC4701817.tar.gz
|
['Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed diffuse huge rugea of the whole gastric body showing cerebriform appearance ().', 'Gross appearance of the resected stomach after the total gastrectomy revealing huge gastric folds.']
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Fig. 2 Gross appearance of the resected stomach after the total gastrectomy revealing huge gastric folds.
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yes
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PMC11263866
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Figure_1
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oa_package/f4/d5/PMC11263866.tar.gz
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[' demonstrates the relationship between these structures and the dimensions.', 'The dimensions of both mobile masses adhered to the defibrillator lead at the level of the tricuspid annulus.']
| null |
yes
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PMC8544166
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Figure_17
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oa_package/e3/f3/PMC8544166.tar.gz
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[]
|
Figure 17. Liver, Pigment (Liver toxicosis), H&E.
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yes
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PMC4073275
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Figure_5
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oa_package/e8/9b/PMC4073275.tar.gz
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['Half of the phagocytic cells in the brain showed a strong expression of ApoE-GFP at 1 day after ablation, indicating that these were microglia (A,C E; <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dmm.', 'Upon imaging ApoE-GFP with higher laser power, we could detect the remaining phagocytic cell population, expressing low levels of GFP, which went unnoticed using conventional acquisition settings (C).', 'This ApoE-GFP low-expressing (ApoE-low) population also showed phagocyte morphology, phagocytic cups and several red-fluorescent phagosomal structures (C, right panel).', 'The microglia observed in degenerative areas were almost exclusively amoeboid, in line with their phagocytic activity (A,C; <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dmm.', 'Remarkably, some ramified microglia were present within 50 m of regions with dying cells and phagocytic cells (B; <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dmm.', '.', 'The ratio of ApoE-high microglia to ApoE-low phagocytes increased from 57% at 1 day after ablation to 90% at 3 days after ablation (D,E; <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dmm.', 'The increased proportion of microglia over time coincided with a relative decrease in ApoE-low phagocyte numbers, as numbers did not increase (E).', 'Some of the mCherry-positive phagocytes were ApoE-high microglia (), which suggests that ApoE-low phagocytes in the brain could be peripherally recruited macrophages.']
|
Fig. 5. (A) ApoE-driven membrane-targeted GFP expression in mCherry-positive phagocytes in NTR-ablated larval brain showing complete internalization of mCherry marked phagosomes.(B) Brain of NTR-ablated larva showing ramified ApoE-GFP microglia next to region of cell death and phagocytic macrophage and microglia. (C) Two mCherry-positive phagocytes in NTR-ablated larvae, one showing membranous ApoE-GFP expression and amoeboid morphology (Ph1), the other showing no membrane staining under normal imaging conditions (Ph2) (also see , ). Upon high power excitation of GFP, a low level of ApoE-GFP-expressing population becomes apparent (arrow, right panel). (D) Number of phagocytes in the forebrain of NTR-ablated larvae and fraction coexpressing microglial ApoE-GFP at 1 and 3 days post-treatment. -stacks of 5070 m were used for quantification. (E) Fraction of ApoE-GFP-expressing microglia from total number of phagocytes 1 and 3 days post-ablation. Error bars indicate standard deviation; =3 animals for 1 and 3 days post-treatment, respectively; ** 0.01; ns, not significant. Mi, microglia. Scale bars: 5 m (A), 20 m (B), 10 m (C). See also .
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yes
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PMC4126351
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Figure_1
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oa_package/c9/21/PMC4126351.tar.gz
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['Endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) image of different esophageal granular cell tumors (GCTs).']
|
Figure 1 Small yellowish peanut-like half protrusion under the smooth overlying mucosa. A submucosal knurl with a small tuberculum. EUS view of esophageal GCT (mildly heterogeneous solid pattern originating from the muscularis mucosa layer).
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yes
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PMC9119492
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Figure_4
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oa_package/e7/87/PMC9119492.tar.gz
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['0394) ().', 'g004Pronounced EPC adhesion capacity in ACS patients under LIST.']
|
10.1371/journal.pone.0267433.g004
|
yes
|
PMC10604992
|
Figure_3
|
oa_package/18/2f/PMC10604992.tar.gz
|
['Among instrumental examinations, NVC is a noninvasive technique to assess capillary morphology and architecture ().', 'Nailfold capillaroscopy images ( 200).']
|
Figure 3 Nailfold capillaroscopy images (200). Figure ( ) shows the capillaroscopic findings in a healthy subject with capillaries of normal number and shape, i.e., the so-called U-shaped and hairpin-like morphology; ( ) show the capillaroscopic changes in the scleroderma pattern in the early ( ), active ( ) and late ( ) phases, respectively and associated with a progressive distortion of the architecture of normal capillaries, which gradually deviate from the A pattern. In particular in figures ( , ), megacapillaries (defined as capillaries >50 m) and an increase ( ) and a subsequent decrease ( ) in capillary density, respectively, are observed. The later picture ( ) is characterised by a further accentuation of these anomalies, with a greater decrease in capillary density and an additional number of giant capillaries. In ( ), there are also areas of microhaemorrhages, observable in the early phase but also present in the active phase (operators L.M. and B.R, Pulmonology Unit, University of Trieste, University Hospital of Cattinara).
|
yes
|
PMC8576671
|
Figure_1
|
oa_package/ee/47/PMC8576671.tar.gz
|
['For malignant lymph nodes up to PET resolution in diameter, diagnostic accuracy of both criteria is satisfactory ().', 'A malignant lymph node of Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.']
|
Figure 1 A malignant lymph node of Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Images obtained with PET/CT showed a lymphatic node with FDG uptake higher than background in Group 2R (arrow), without clear CT benign signs. Both criteria diagnosed as malignant; histological section showed a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (haematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification, 100).
|
yes
|
PMC5732632
|
Figure_9
|
oa_package/3e/71/PMC5732632.tar.gz
|
['Bone lesion with nonsclerotic margins.']
|
Figure 9 Bone lesion with nonsclerotic margins.
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yes
|
PMC5797694
|
Figure_2
|
oa_package/c2/b7/PMC5797694.tar.gz
|
['In keeping with published studies, we found an increase in the number of neutrophils early after infection in the airways (a, for gating strategy see Supplementary figure 2).', 'There was a significant reduction in peak neutrophilia (day 3 post infection) in epTGF KO mice (a).', 'The number of CD11c+ Siglec F+ airway macrophages increased in response to influenza infection within 24 hours both in control and epTGF KO mice (b).', 'Again, we observed a reduction in peak numbers of infiltrating monocyte and macrophages 6 days post influenza challenge in epTGF KO mice (c).', 'In control mice these mediators all followed a similar pattern: peaking at day 3 and remaining elevated at day 6 (d-f).', 'Immune response after influenza infection in epTGF KO and control mice.']
|
Figure 2 Immune response after influenza infection in epTGFKO and control mice. Airway neutrophils (Ly6G CD11b ) total count after influenza infection of epTGFKO and control mice. Airway macrophages (CD64 CD11c SiglecF ) total count. Airway Infiltrating monocytes and macrophages (CD64 CD11b Ly6G SiglecF CD11c ) total count. levels of CCL2/MCP-1, KC/CXCL1 and IL-6 in the BAL of epTGFKO and control mice at day 0, 1, 3, 6 post influenza infection. Data shown is pooled from two independent experiments with a total of N11 mice per group. Box and whisker plots depict the median and IQR and minimum and maximum values. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.
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yes
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PMC10448537
|
Figure_1
|
oa_package/00/ed/PMC10448537.tar.gz
|
['Manual intensity thresholding was used for tissue type segmentation between red (muscle), green (loose collagen), and blue (dense collagen) channels of whole section slides, allowing for quantification of the relative fraction of muscle, collagen, and fat in each biopsy ().', '088) ().', '019043929293645Gomori trichrome-stained biopsy section (top image) demonstrating regions of muscle, collagen, and fat.']
|
Fig. 1 Gomori trichrome-stained biopsy section (top image) demonstrating regions of muscle, collagen, and fat. Bottom image demonstrates tissue type segmentation between red (muscle), green (loose collagen), blue (dense collagen), and white (fat) after manual intensity thresholding for quantification of tissue composition
|
yes
|
PMC9500331
|
Figure_4
|
oa_package/20/d8/PMC9500331.tar.gz
|
['MI: Myocardial infarction, H E: Hematoxylin and eosin stainingAcute MI: pathology appearance consistent with 10-14 days (H E, 100).']
|
Figure 4 Acute MI: pathology appearance consistent with 10-14 days (H&E, 100). MI: Myocardial infarction , H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin staining
|
yes
|
PMC2750811
|
Figure_3
|
oa_package/8d/ed/PMC2750811.tar.gz
|
['acute interstitial pneumonia-like pattern, cryptogenic organised pneumonia-like pattern, EP-like pattern and localised infiltration pattern) (Radiology of gefitinib-associated ILD.']
|
Figure 3 Radiology of gefitinib-associated ILD. ( ) Acute interstitial pneumonia-like observations. ( ) Chronic organised pneumonia-like observations. ( ) Acute EP-like observations. ( ) Light ground-glass shadows in bilateral lung fields lacking shrinkage of lung field and traction bronchiectasis ( ).
|
yes
|
PMC7670839
|
Figure_3
|
oa_package/da/d4/PMC7670839.tar.gz
|
[' 3).']
| null |
yes
|
PMC6144247
|
Figure_1
|
oa_package/41/7a/PMC6144247.tar.gz
|
['004Negative44138John Wiley Sons, LtdRepresentative Immunohistochemically Stained Sections of DLBCL Tissues with Different CD5/CD43 Expression Patterns Including CD5 /CD43 (A), CD5+/CD43 (B), CD5 /CD43+ (C), and CD5+/CD43+ (D).']
|
Figure 1 Representative Immunohistochemically Stained Sections of Tissues with Different 5/ 43 Expression Patterns Including 5/ 43 (A), 5+/ 43 (B), 5/ 43+ (C), and 5+/ 43+ (D). The 5+/ 43+ group showed a relatively higher Ki67 index than the other groups. Scale bar=100m (original magnification, 400)
|
yes
|
PMC9574134
|
Figure_1
|
oa_package/70/26/PMC9574134.tar.gz
|
['Insertion of extensor tendon onto the base of distal phalanx; articular cartilage and palmar plate can be seen(a d) Imaging of the nail unit in the sagittal section as seen on various imaging modalities.', 'The recommended views are lateral [a] and antero-posterior (AP) [], which can help assess bony deformities of distal phalanx, suspected bony outgrowths, calcification, and gross bone invasion.']
|
Figure 1 (ad) Imaging of the nail unit in the sagittal section as seen on various imaging modalities. (a) Lateral view of digital x-ray. (b) Longitudinal view image of ultrasound of the nail unit showing ventral and dorsal aspects as bilaminar hyper-echoic parallel bands with a hypoechoic space between them called as interplate space. The hypo-echoic subungual space represents the nail bed and the nail matrix lies at the proximal end of the nail bed. The smooth surface of the dorsal cortex of the distal phalanx is also seen. (c) Sagittal section from a CT scan image of the normal nail. (d) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI image showing the nail unit anatomy. Images have been rotated to demonstrate comparative anatomy
|
yes
|
PMC7498635
|
Figure_6
|
oa_package/bb/72/PMC7498635.tar.gz
|
[]
|
Supplemental Figure2B Chest-x-ray in lateral projection at 6 month-follow up. The position of the stent in the superior vena cava in relation to the pacemaker leads can be appreciated.
|
yes
|
PMC4890878
|
Figure_5
|
oa_package/d4/73/PMC4890878.tar.gz
|
['A simultaneous transjugular approach is then performed, and the TIPS stent is then placed via the standard route (s 5 and 6).', '004"/>This image demonstrates a hepatic vein stent placed for hepatic venous stenosis in a liver transplant.']
|
Figure 5 This image demonstrates a hepatic vein stent placed for hepatic venous stenosis in a liver transplant. The patient was undergoing a subsequent TIPS procedure.
|
yes
|
PMC10610348
|
Figure_6
|
oa_package/2f/8d/PMC10610348.tar.gz
|
['PET-CT images.']
|
Figure 6 PET-CT images. (A)Multiple osteolytic lesions with an abnormal increase in metabolism on both heads of the humerus (pink arrow), in the left colic flexure an abnormal increase in metabolism (green arrow), abnormal increase metabolism in the liver - multiple metastases (yellow arrow) and urinary bladder, FDG accumulation (purple arrow); (B) abnormal increase metabolism: in the lung (red arrow), in liver (multiple metastases) (yellow arrow), first rib (osteolytic lesion) (pink arrow) and urinary bladder, FDG accumulation (purple arrow); (C) abnormal increase metabolism on pelvic bones and L4 spinous vertebra, process extended in the soft adjacent tissue (pink arrows) and liver metastases (yellow arrow).
|
yes
|
PMC3085755
|
Figure_4
|
oa_package/2e/18/PMC3085755.tar.gz
|
[' 4).', '', ' 4Anteromedial portal: PL bundle without retraction of AM bundle']
|
Fig.4 Anteromedial portal: PL bundle without retraction of AM bundle
|
yes
|
PMC6083599
|
Figure_2
|
oa_package/d1/c0/PMC6083599.tar.gz
|
['001"/>\nUltrastructure of average preimplantation kidney biopsy from deceased donor.']
|
Figure 2 Normal endothelial cell with fenestrated endothelium covers glomerular capillary lumen. Cytoplasmic membrane of the endothelial cell forms scattered endothelial projections (microvilli). The normal endothelial cells in arteriole. Beneath endothelial cells, there is transmural hyalinosis indicating arterial hypertensive disease in the donor. Normal endothelium in peritubular capillaries. Slightly attenuated but preserved tubular epithelial cells with desmosomes. Apical brush border is slightly thinner.
|
yes
|
PMC5726145
|
Figure_2
|
oa_package/3b/80/PMC5726145.tar.gz
|
['The patient successfully underwent percutaneous balloon angioplasty and stenting of the left common pulmonary vein ().', '.']
|
Figure 2. Pulmonary venous angiograms. ( ) Stenosis of the left common pulmonary vein anastomosis site is shown (white arrow); ( ) Stent deployment is shown; ( ) The fully expanded balloon is shown; ( ) The angiogram appearance following stent deployment; ( ) The 1029 mm Genesis (Cordis, Cardinal Health, Fremont, CA, USA) balloon expandable stent is shown in place.
|
yes
|
PMC4470015
|
Figure_6
|
oa_package/8e/7c/PMC4470015.tar.gz
|
['A representation of that exchange is shown in .', 'This is a recreation of the consultation performed at International Academy of Digital Pathology meeting.']
|
Figure 6 This is a recreation of the consultation performed at International Academy of Digital Pathology meeting. Four images from the consultation case (two WSI and two gross jpg) and a shared screen showing an open video image are simultaneously being displayed using the single screen scalable adaptive graphics environment (SAGE2) system. This image is from a computer viewing SAGE2 through the user interface over the Internet. None of the participants in the actual consultation used the SAGE2 screen itself, but connected to it through the Internet
|
yes
|
PMC9798510
|
Figure_5
|
oa_package/f8/a3/PMC9798510.tar.gz
|
[' 5A indicates the average silhouette score of inferred clusters for different values of K.', ' 5B depicts the data distribution along the first two principal components and corresponding cluster memberships.', ' 5K-means clustering analysis of 306 canine osteosarcoma tumors based on estimated burden of histologic subtypes.', 'Cluster 3 had significantly higher levels of the vessel-rich regions, whereas cluster 2 had significantly higher tumor necrosis relative to the rest of the cohort and slightly elevated levels of the chondroblastic subtype ( 5C).']
|
Figure5 K-means clustering analysis of 306 canine osteosarcoma tumors based on estimated burden of histologic subtypes. The average silhouette score as a function of the number of clusters used by the K-means algorithm to cluster the data. The higher the average silhouette score, the better the clustering. The smallest value of K achieving the highest silhouette score represents the best possible clustering of the data. Principal component (PC) analysis plot, depicting the distribution of all canine osteosarcoma cases based on the estimated burden of each histologic subtype. Points belonging to cluster 1 are red, points belonging to cluster 2 are green, and points belonging to cluster 3 are blue. Distribution of the burden of each histologic subtype in each cluster. < 0.01, < 0.001, and < 0.0001 ( -test). Avg, average; CB, chondroblastic; FB, fibroblastic; GC, giant cell rich; N, necrosis; OB, osteoblastic; VR, vessel rich.
|
yes
|
PMC11297113
|
Figure_1
|
oa_package/0e/88/PMC11297113.tar.gz
|
['s 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 illustrate cases with missed findings and ', 'Axial and coronal non-enhanced CT (NECT); soft-tissue window with a slice thickness (ST) of 3 mm.', 'The axial (A) and coronal (B) NECT images show a subtle stranding of the subcutaneous fat in the left submandibular region and a slight thickening of the cutis (arrows)Axial and coronal NECT; soft tissue (3 mm ST) and bone window with a ST of 1 mm; axial and paracoronal slices.']
|
Fig. 1 Axial and coronal non-enhanced CT (NECT); soft-tissue window with a slice thickness (ST) of 3mm. The axial ( ) and coronal ( ) NECT images show a subtle stranding of the subcutaneous fat in the left submandibular region and a slight thickening of the cutis (arrows)
|
yes
|
PMC8431771
|
Figure_10
|
oa_package/07/a5/PMC8431771.tar.gz
|
[]
|
Figure 9 Cell communication, anatomical structure development, cell adhesion, cellular metabolic process, cell death, regulation of biological quality, cellular component organization or biogenesis and cell cycle are the most represented biological process GO categories enriched in corticosteroid-treated iRPE cells. ( ) Specific corticosteroid-regulated enriched biological process gene ontology (GO) terms as predicted by bioinformatic enrichment analysis with their respective RichFactor value and the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the process, in iRPE cells treated for 24 h with aldosterone (aldo) 10 M ( ), cortisol (corti) 10 M ( ) or cortisol 10 M + RU-486 10 M ( ) and compared to untreated cells. Biological process GO terms are considered enriched if value is <0.05 and the number of regulated genes in the pathways is 2. -values and fold-change (FC) values are represented in a Log and a Log scale, respectively. Most represented enriched biological process GO terms and GO terms of interest are highlighted in bold. Based on values, green and red arrows in the left panel indicate down- and up-regulated GO terms, respectively. Numbers between parentheses placed after enriched biological process GO term names in the left panels represent the total number of genes implicated in the respective GO term. Numbers between parentheses in the right panels indicate the number of down- (in green) and up-regulated (in red) genes in their corresponding GO term. Corticosteroid-regulated genes in biological process GO terms of interest are listed in the right panel.
|
yes
|
PMC1892244
|
Figure_1
|
oa_package/51/01/PMC1892244.tar.gz
|
['Immunocytochemistry included antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, 1/1500) and CD68 (1/100; both from Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) .', 'Lesion stage was categorized as either early active (EA: inflammation throughout the WML), chronic active (CA: hypocellular center, inflammation only at the rim of the WML), or chronic inactive (CI: no inflammation) () (Trapp et al.', 'No difference was detected in this study for any quantitative index (MRI, histology) between CA and CI WMLs () suggesting that the extent of inflammation in chronic post mortem MS brain tissue may have a minor effect on measures of MR diffusion.', 'Correlation of MRI and histopathology in post mortem multiple sclerosis brain (same case as in ']
|
Fig. 1 Correlation of MRI and histopathology in multiple sclerosis brain (same case as in ). On the -weighted scan of a coronal brain slice seven exemplary regions of interest (marked in orange) were identified as either normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) or white matter lesions (WMLs). Three WMLs are matched to respective histopathological sections, which were stained for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Luxol fast blue (LFB), CD68, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and Bielschowsky silver impregnation. Sections AF illustrate a demyelinated WML with moderate infiltration by CD68-positive cells indicating chronic inflammatory activity (chronic active WML), and an axonal loss of 74% (compared to NAWM). Sections GL show a hypo-cellular demyelinated lesion with very little inflammatory activity (chronic inactive WML). Axonal loss in this WML was 93%. Sections MR show a remyelinated WML again with very little inflammatory activity (remyelinated WML) and an axonal loss of only 42%. Due to their high magnification (1250) images of Bielschowsky stained sections were divided into two halves (WML on the left and NAWM on the right). All other sections cover WMLs (red asterisks) as well as NAWM (green asterisks). MD=mean diffusivity10 [mm /s]; FA=fractional anisotropy.
|
yes
|
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