sentence-transformers/simple-wiki · Datasets at Hugging Face

text stringlengths 11 2.31k	simplified stringlengths 12 2.51k
Yatsuhashi is a Japanese confectionery sold mainly as a souvenir sweet ( miyagegashi ) .	Yatsuhashi is a Japanese treat . It is sometimes sold a souvenir sweet .
Ã rsted was a published writer and poet .	Ã rsted was also a writer and poet .
Hans Christian Ã rsted ( often rendered Oersted in English ; 14 August 1777 9 March 1851 ) was a Danish physicist and chemist who discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields , an important aspect of electromagnetism .	Hans Christian Ã rsted ( August 14 , 1777 â `` March 9 , 1851 ) was a Danish physicist and chemist .
His poetry series Luftskibet ( `` The Airship '' ) was inspired by the balloon flights of fellow physicist and stage magician Ã tienne-Gaspard Robert .	His poetry series Luftskibet ( `` Airship '' ) was inspired by the balloon flights of his physicist friend , Ã tienne-Gaspard Robert .
Brixton tube station , a station on the London Underground opened on July 23 , 1971 , is the southern terminus of the Victoria line .	Brixton tube station , a station on the London Underground opened on July 23 1971 , is the southern terminus of the Victoria Line .
George Delmetia Beauchamp ( March 18 , 1899 -- March 30 , 1941 ) was an inventor of musical instruments and a co-founder of National Stringed Instrument Corporation and Rickenbacker guitars .	George D. Beauchamp ( 1899 - 1941 ) was an inventor of musical instruments and co-founder of National Stringed Instrument Corporation and Rickenbacker .
Born in Coleman County , Texas , Beauchamp performed in vaudeville , playing the violin and the lap steel guitar , before he settled in Los Angeles , California . During the 1920s , he experimented with the creation of electric lap steel guitars , electric guitars , electric bass guitars , electric violins , and instrument amplifiers .	Born in Texas , he played the violin and the lap steel guitar in Vaudeville before going into the business of then manufacturing of electric lap steel guitars , electric guitars , electric bass guitars , electric violins and combo instrument amplifiers .
Zack is from a family of writers : he is the son of screenwriter Tom Whedon , grandson of screenwriter John Whedon , and the brother of screenwriter\/musician Jed Whedon and producer\/director\/writer Joss Whedon .	He is the son of writer Tom Whedon and the brother of writer-producer-director Joss Whedon .
He graduated in 2002 with a film degree from Wesleyan University where he served as president of the Eclectic Society .	He graduated from Wesleyan University in 2002 with a film degree .
Gambino was known for being low-key and secretive . Gambino served 22 months in prison ( 1938 â `` 39 ) , and lived to the age of 74 , when he died of a heart attack in bed , `` In a state of grace '' , according to a priest who had given him the Last Rites of the Catholic Church .	Gambino was known for being low-key and secretive and unlike many modern mobsters , Gambino served no time in prison , but lived to the age of 74 , when he died of a heart attack in bed .
After the 1957 Apalachin Convention he unexpectedly seized control of the Commission of La Cosa Nostra in the US .	No one expected Gambino to seize control over the Commission of La Cosa Nostra in the US , at 1957 Apalachin Convention .
Carlo `` Don Carlo '' Gambino , ( August 24 , 1902 - October 15 , 1976 ) was a mafioso who became boss of the Gambino crime family , that still bears his name today .	Carlo `` Don Carlo '' Gambino , ( August 24,1902 - October 15,1976 ) was a Mafioso who became Boss of the Gambino crime family , that is still takes the name today .
He was the son of a silk manufacturer at Lyon , where he was born , originally intended to follow his father 's business ; but having in 1792 served as volunteer in the cavalry of the national guard at Lyons , he manifested military abilities which secured his rapid promotion .	He was the son of a silk manufacturer at Lyon , where he was born , originally intended to follow his father 's business ; but as a volunteer in the cavalry of the national guard at Lyons in 1792 his military ability got him rapid promotion .
In 1812 he captured Valencia , for which he was rewarded with the ducal victory title ( honorary , not attached to an actual fief ) of duc d'Albufera da Valencia in 1813 .	In 1812 he captured Valencia , for which he was rewarded with the ducal victory title of duc d'Albufera da Valencia in 1813 .
Honorine Anthoine de Saint-Joseph ( Marseille , 26 February 1790 -- Paris , 13 April 1884 ) , a niece of Julie Clary , the wife of Joseph Bonaparte , by whom he had issue , and soon afterwards was ordered to Spain .	Honorine Anthoine de Saint-Joseph ( Marseille , 26 February 1790 -- Paris , 13 April 1884 ) , a niece of Julie Clary , the wife of Joseph Bonaparte , and soon afterwards was ordered to Spain .
Here , after taking part in the Siege of Saragossa , he was named commander of the army of Aragon and governor of that region , which he by wise , unlike that of most of the French generals , and adriot administration no less than by his brilliant valor , in two years brought into complete submission .	He was named commander of the army of Aragon and governor of that region , and in two years brought the area into complete submission .
The discus throw is the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies such as the Discobolus and Discophoros .	The discus throw is the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies of them .
She was one of the designers who took credit for inventing the miniskirt and hot pants .	She was instrumental in the mod fashion movement , and one of the designers who took credit for inventing the miniskirt and hot pants .
In addition to the miniskirt , Mary Quant is often credited with inventing the colored and patterned tights that tended to accompany the garment , although these are also attributed to Cristobal Balenciaga or John Bates .	In addition to the miniskirt , Mary Quant is often credited with inventing the colored and patterned tights ( pantyhose ) that often went with the miniskirt . These are also attributed to Cristobal Balenciaga or John Bates .
In November 1955 , she teamed up with Plunkett-Green , and a former solicitor , Archie McNair , to open a clothes shop on the King 's Road in London called Bazaar .	In November 1955 , she teamed up with her husband , Alexander Plunkett-Grene , and a former solicitor , Archie McNair , to open a clothes shop on the Kings Road in Chelsea called Bazaar .
In the late 1960s , Quant popularized hot pants , becoming a British fashion icon .	In the late 1960s , Quant popularized hot pants .
Quant named the miniskirt after her favorite make of car , the Mini .	Mary Quant named the miniskirt after her favorite make of car , the Mini .
Mary Quant OBE FCSD ( born 11 February 1934 ) is a Welsh fashion designer and British fashion icon , who was instrumental in the mod fashion movement .	Mary Quant OBE FCSD ( born 11 February 1934 in Blackheath , London ) is a British fashion designer .
In 2000 , she resigned as director of Mary Quant Ltd. , her cosmetics company , after a Japanese buy-out .	In 2000 she resigned as director of Mary Quant Ltd. , her cosmetics company , after a Japanese buy-out .
At a talk at the Victoria & Albert Museum in 2007 she claimed to have invented duvet covers .	At a talk at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 2007 she claimed to have invented duvet covers .
Skirts had been getting shorter since about 1958 â `` a development Mary Quant considered to be practical and liberating , allowing women the ability to run for a bus .	Skirts had been getting shorter since about 1958 â `` a development Mary Quant thought was practical and liberating , allowing women to run for a bus .
The miniskirt , which she is arguably most famous for , became one of the defining fashions of the 1960s .	The miniskirt , which she is most famous for , became one of the defining fashions of the 1960s .
There are over 200 Mary Quant Colour shops in Japan , where Quant fashions continue to enjoy more popularity .	There are over 200 Mary Quant Colour shops in Japan , where Quant fashions continue to enjoy popularity .
The miniskirt was developed separately by AndrÃ CourrÃ ges and John Bates , and there is disagreement as to who came up with the idea first .	The miniskirt was also developed separately by AndrÃ CourrÃ ges and John Bates , and there is disagreement as to who came up with the idea first .
She is also a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers , and winner of the Minerva Medal , the Society 's highest award .	She is a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers , and winner of the Minerva Medal , the Society 's highest award .
It figures in the tale of Jason and his band of Argonauts , who set out on a quest by order of King Pelias for the fleece in order to place Jason rightfully on the throne of Iolcus in Thessaly .	It is in the story of Jason and his group of Argonauts . They set out on a quest ordered by King Pelias to get the fleece so that Jason can rightfully claim the throne of Iolcus in Thessaly .
Another , much less-known Argonautica , using the same body of myth , was composed in Latin by Valerius Flaccus during the time of Vespasian .	Another , much less-known Argonautica , using the same body of myth , was written in Latin by Valerius Flaccus during the time of Vespasian .
Thus , in later versions of the story the ram is said to have been the offspring of the sea god Poseidon and Themisto ( less often , Nephele or Theophane ) .	In later versions the ram is said to have been the child of the sea god Poseidon and Themisto ( less often , Nephele or Theophane ) .
The classic telling is the Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes , composed in mid-third century BC Alexandria , recasting early sources that have not survived .	The famous telling is the Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes , written in mid-third century BC Alexandria . It reused early sources that have not survived .
The story is of great antiquity â `` it was current in the time of Homer ( eighth century BC ) â `` and consequently it survives in various forms , among which details vary .	The story is very old ; it was current in the time of Homer in the eighth century BC .
Walker Percy ( May 28 , 1916 -- May 10 , 1990 ) was an American Southern author whose interests included philosophy and semiotics .	Walker Percy ( May 28 , 1916 -- May 10 , 1990 ) was an American author .
A soufflÃ is a light baked cake made with egg yolks and beaten egg whites combined with various other ingredients and served as a savoury main dish or sweetened as a dessert . The word soufflÃ is the past participle of the French verb souffler which means `` to blow up '' or more loosely `` puff up '' -- an apt description of what happens to this combination of custard and egg whites .	A SoufflÃ is a light fluffy food , made from egg whites .
Aitor LÃ pez Rekarte ( born 18 August 1975 in MondragÃ n , Basque Country ) is a retired Spanish footballer .	Aitor LÃ pez Rekarte ( born 18 August 1975 ) is a former Spanish football player .
Metropolitan counties have no county councils and are divided into metropolitan districts whose councils have either the status of City Council or Metropolitan Borough Council .	The metropolitan counties were divided into metropolitan districts which are usually called boroughs . When the county councils were abolished the metropolitan districts gained much of their powers and therefore function similar to other unitary authorities .
The Linux kernel itself was 2.4 million lines of code , or 8 % of the total .	The Linux kernel was made up of 2.4 million lines of code , or 8 % of all the code .
The primary difference between Linux and many other popular contemporary operating systems is that the Linux kernel and other components are free and open source software .	There is a lot of software for Linux , and since Linux is open source it means that most of the software for it is open source and free . This is one of the reasons why some people like to use Linux .
Slightly over half of all lines of code were licensed under the GPL .	A little more than half of all lines of code were licensed under the GPL .
Linux distributions are also commonly used as operating systems for supercomputers : As of 2010 , out of the top 500 systems , 459 ( 91.8 % ) run a Linux distribution .	Linux is commonly used as an operating system for supercomputers . As of November 2007 , out of the top 500 systems , 426 ( 85.2 % ) run Linux .
Most of the code ( 71 % ) was written in the C programming language , but many other languages were used , including C + + , assembly language , Perl , Python , Fortran , and various shell scripting languages .	Most of the code ( 71 % ) was written in the C programming language , and many other languages were used , including C + + , assembly language , Perl , Python , Fortran , and various shell scripting languages .
Torvalds began the development of the Linux kernel on MINIX , and applications written for MINIX were also used on Linux .	Linux relied on software code from MINIX at first .
Code licensed under the GNU GPL can be used in other projects , so long as they also are released under the same or a compatible license . In order to make the Linux available for commercial use , Torvalds initiated a switch from his original license ( which prohibited commercial redistribution ) to the GNU GPL .	To make the Linux kernel suitable for use with the code from the GNU Project , Linus Torvalds started a switch from his original license ( which did not allow people to sell it ) to the GNU GPL .
CrossOver is a proprietary solution based on the open source Wine project that supports running Windows versions of Microsoft Office , Intuit applications such as Quicken and QuickBooks , Adobe Photoshop versions through CS2 , and many popular games such as World of Warcraft and Team Fortress 2 .	CrossOver is a proprietary solution based on the open source Wine project that supports running older Windows versions of Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop versions until CS2 .
Other key components of a software system may use other licenses ; many libraries use the GNU Lesser General Public License ( LGPL ) , a more permissive variant of the GPL , and the X.org implementation of the X Window System uses the MIT License .	â Other key components of a Linux system may use other licenses ; many libraries use the GNU Lesser General Public License ( LGPL ) , a type of the GPL that is less restricted , and the X Window System uses the MIT License .
A 2001 study of Red Hat Linux 7.1 found that this distribution contained 30 million source lines of code .	A 2001 study of Red Hat Linux 7.1 found this distribution had 30 million lines of code .
According to the study , if all this software had been developed by conventional proprietary means , it would have cost about $ ( US dollars ) to develop in the United States .	the study also said , if all this software had been made by proprietary means , it would have cost about 1.08 billion dollars ( in year 2000 U.S.A. dollars ) to make in the United States .
Using the Constructive Cost Model , the study estimated that this distribution required about eight thousand man-years of development time .	The study said red hat 7.1 required about eight thousand man-years of time to development .
Developers worked to integrate GNU components with Linux to make a fully functional and free operating system .	Linux and GNU developers worked together to integrate GNU code with Linux to make a free operating system .
Linux and most GNU software are licensed under the GNU General Public License ( GPL ) .	The Linux kernel and most GNU software are licensed under the GNU General Public License ( GPL ) .
The GPL requires that anyone who distributes Linux must make the source code ( and any modifications ) available to the recipient under the same terms .	The GPL requires that anyone who distributes the Linux kernel must make the source code ( and any modifications ) available to the recipient under the same terms .
He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Giants in Super Bowl XLII .	He won Super Bowl XLII with the Giants on February 3 , 2008 .
Amani Toomer ( born September 8 , 1974 in Berkeley , California ) is a retired American football wide receiver who played at the National Football League .	Amani Toomer ( born September 8 , 1974 in Berkeley , California ) is a retired American football wide receiver that played for the New York Giants and Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League .
In practice , the mean time between failures ( MTBF , 1 \/ Î '' ) is often used instead of the failure rate .	( Mean Time Between Failures ( MTBF ) is closely related to Failure rate .
For example , an automobile 's failure rate in its fifth year of service may be many times greater than its failure rate during its first year of service . One does not expect to replace an exhaust pipe , overhaul the brakes , or have major transmission problems in a new vehicle .	For example , as an automobile grows older , the failure rate in its fifth year of service may be many times greater than its failure rate during its first year of service -- one simply does not expect to replace an exhaust pipe , overhaul the brakes , or have major transmission problems in a new vehicle .
A similar ratio used in the transport industries , especially in railways and trucking is ` mean distance between failures ' , a variation which attempts to correlate actual loaded distances to similar reliability needs and practices .	A similar ratio used in the transport industries , especially in railways and trucking is ` Mean Distance Between Failure ' , a variation which attempts to correlate actual loaded distances to similar reliability needs and practices .
It is often denoted by the Greek letter Î '' ( lambda ) and is important in reliability engineering .	It is often written as the Greek letter Î '' ( lambda ) and is important in reliability theory .
The failure rate of a system usually depends on time , with the rate varying over the life cycle of the system .	Failure rate is usually time dependent , and an intuitive corollary is that the rate changes over time versus the expected life cycle of a system .
In special processes called renewal processes , where the time to recover from failure can be neglected and the likelihood of failure remains constant with respect to time , the failure rate is simply the multiplicative inverse of the MTBF ( 1 \/ Î '' ) .	In the special case when the likelihood of failure remains constant with respect to time ( for example , in some product like a brick or protected steel beam ) , and ignoring the time to recover from failure , failure rate is simply the inverse of the Mean Time Between Failures ( MTBF ) .
Failure rate is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails , expressed for example in failures per hour .	Failure rate is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails . Usually it is expressed in a number of failzres per time period , like failures per hour .
Cradle 2 the Grave is a 2003 American action film directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak featuring martial artist Jet Li and rapper DMX .	Cradle 2 the Grave is a 2003 action movie that was produced by Joel Silver and directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak .
I once was lost , but now am found , Was blind but now I see .	I once was lost , but now am found , Was blind , but now I see .
How sweet the sound That saved a wretch like me .	Amazing grace , how sweet the sound That savâ d a wretch like me !
The company was founded in 1986 by Pleasant Rowland , and its products were originally purchasable by mail order only . In 1998 , Pleasant Company became a subsidiary of Mattel .	The American Girl series was first created by The Pleasant Company in 1986 , but today it is made by Mattel , a large toy company .
The Chevrolet and GMC G-Series vans were made by General Motors for North America .	The vans went by the names of Sport Van , Beauville and Chevrolet G-Series . GMC 's version of the vans were called Vandura and Rally Wagon .
Noritada Saneyoshi ( born 19 October , 1972 in Minamiuwa District , Ehime ) is a Japanese former professional football player who spent his entire senior career at Gamba Osaka .	Noritada Saneyoshi ( born 19 October 1972 ) is a former Japanese football player . He has played for Gamba Osaka .
Most `` life extensionists '' believe the human life span can be altered within the next century , if not sooner .	Most `` life extensionists '' believe the human life span can be altered within the 21st century .
It is distinguished from geriatrics , which is the branch of medicine that studies the diseases of the elderly .	It is distinguished from geriatrics , which is the branch of medicine that studies the disease of the elderly .
Biomedical gerontology , also known as experimental gerontology and life extension , is a sub discipline of biogerontology that endeavors to slow , prevent , and even reverse aging in both humans and animals .	It includes Biomedical gerontology , also known as experimental gerontology and life extension , is a sub discipline of biogerontology that endeavors to slow , prevent , and even reverse aging in both humans and animals .
Curing age-related diseases is one approach , and slowing down the underlying processes of aging is another .	Curing age-related diseases is one approach , and slowing down the underlying processes of aging with the help of physical exercises is another .
Wissignicourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .	Wissignicourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .
Briarwood is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky , United States .	Briarwood is a city of Kentucky in the United States .
For blocks shorter than 3 months , it is recommended that you do not duplicate this notice on a blocked IP 's talk page and instead use other user block templates to provide immediate notification to the vandal of the block .	For blocks shorter than three months , it is recommended that you do not duplicate this notice on a blocked IP 's talk page and instead use other user block templates to provide immediate notification to the vandal of the block .
Recommendations : Do not subst : this template as contact details may change in the future .	Recommendations : Do not substitute ( `` subst : '' ) this template as contact details may change in the future .
Notre-Dame-de-Livaye is a commune in the department of Calvados in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .	Notre-Dame-de-Livaye is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .
It soon spread to conservatives among the Baptists and other denominations around 1910-1920 .	It soon spread to conservatives among the Baptists and other denominations during and immediately following the First World War .
The term `` fundamentalism '' has its roots in the Niagara Bible Conference ( 1878 â `` 1897 ) which defined those tenets it considered fundamental to Christian belief .	The term `` fundamentalism '' has its roots in the Niagara Bible Conference ( 1878 â `` 1897 ) which defined those things that were fundamental to Christian belief .
The movement 's purpose was to reaffirm key theological tenets and zealously defend them against the challenges of liberal theology and higher criticism .	The movement 's purpose was to reaffirm orthodox Protestant Christianity and zealously defend it against the challenges of liberal theology , German higher criticism , Darwinism , and other movements which it regarded as harmful to Christianity .
The term was popularized by the `` The Fundamentals '' , a collection of twelve books on five subjects published in 1910 and funded by Milton and Lyman Stewart This series of essays came to be representative of the `` Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversy '' which appeared late in the 19th century within some Protestant denominations in the United States , and continued in earnest through the 1920s .	The term was also used to describe `` The Fundamentals '' , a collection of twelve books on five subjects published in 1910 and funded by Milton and Lyman Stewart
Fundamentalism as a movement arose in the United States , starting among conservative Presbyterian theologians at Princeton Theological Seminary in the late 19th century .	Fundamentalism began as a movement in the U.S. , starting among conservative Presbyterian academics and theologians at Princeton Theological Seminary in the first decade of the Twentieth Century .
It is located on the right bank of Indus River , approximately 18 kilometres north-west of the city of Hyderabad and 150 kilometres north-east from the provincial capital Karachi .	It is located on the right bank of Indus River . It is about 18 kilometres north-west of the city of Hyderabad .
Ø Ù Ø Ù ) is a city in Jamshoro District , Sindh , Pakistan .	Ø Ù Ø Ù ) is the capital city of Jamshoro District in the Sindh province of Pakistan .
Metroid , Metroid II : Return of Samus , Super Metroid , Metroid Fusion , and Metroid : Zero Mission were all developed by Nintendo 's internal R&D 1 section .	Metroid is the first game in the Metroid series and stars the character Samus Aran .
Rouvroy-sur-Serre is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .	Rouvroy-sur-Serre is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .
It was included on Bedingfield 's second North American album Pocketful of Sunshine ( 2008 ) .	The song was released in North America on October 2 , 2007 as part of Pocketful of Sunshine , the second studio album by Natasha Bedingfield which was released in 2008 .
`` Love Like This '' is a pop\/R & B song performed by Natasha Bedingfield featuring Sean Kingston .	Love Like This is an R&B song by singer Natasha Bedingfield featuring Sean Kingston .
McIntire is a city in Mitchell County , Iowa , United States .	McIntire is a city of Iowa in the United States .
Originally a two-year teacher 's college when opened in 1913 , Minot State became a university in 1987 .	It is home to the Minot State University which opened in 1913 .
Minot is also home to Minot State University , the third largest university in the state .	Minot is a town in North Dakota in the United States .
Fumie Suguri is a Japanese figure skater .	Fumie Suguri ( æ ` ä '' ç `` æ Suguri Fumie born December 31 , 1980 in Yokohama ) is a Japanese figure skater .
Her younger sister , Chika Suguri , is also a figure skater .	Her younger sister Chika Suguri is figure skater likewise , too .
She is a five-time Japanese National Champion , a three-time World Championship medalist , a three-time Four Continents Champion and the 2003-2004 Grand Prix Final Champion .	She is a five-times Japanese National Champion , three-times World Championships medalist , and 2003-2004 's Grand Prix Final Champion .
Osborne House is a former royal residence in East Cowes , Isle of Wight , UK .	Osborne House is a former royal residence East Cowes on the Isle of Wight , England .
Queen Victoria and her husband Prince Albert bought Osborne House on the Isle of Wight in October 1845 .	Osborne House is a former royal residence East Cowes on the Isle of Wight , England . It was in purchased by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1845 .
The setting of the existing three storey Georgian house appealed to Queen Victoria and Prince Albert ; in particular , the views of the Solent reminded Albert of the Bay of Naples in Italy . It soon became obvious that it was too small for their needs .	The solent reminded by Prince Albert of the Bay of Naples , but the old house was too small for their needs , and the house was demolished and rebuilt by Thomas Cubitt .
The house was built between 1845 and 1851 for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert as a summer home and rural retreat .	It was in purchased by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1845 .
Igbo is an official language of Nigeria and is also spoken natively in Cameroon .	Igbo is a language spoken in Nigeria .

Yatsuhashi is a Japanese confectionery sold mainly as a souvenir sweet ( miyagegashi ) .

Yatsuhashi is a Japanese treat . It is sometimes sold a souvenir sweet .

Ã rsted was a published writer and poet .

Ã rsted was also a writer and poet .

Hans Christian Ã rsted ( often rendered Oersted in English ; 14 August 1777 9 March 1851 ) was a Danish physicist and chemist who discovered that electric currents create magnetic fields , an important aspect of electromagnetism .

Hans Christian Ã rsted ( August 14 , 1777 â `` March 9 , 1851 ) was a Danish physicist and chemist .

His poetry series Luftskibet ( `` The Airship '' ) was inspired by the balloon flights of fellow physicist and stage magician Ã tienne-Gaspard Robert .

His poetry series Luftskibet ( `` Airship '' ) was inspired by the balloon flights of his physicist friend , Ã tienne-Gaspard Robert .

Brixton tube station , a station on the London Underground opened on July 23 , 1971 , is the southern terminus of the Victoria line .

Brixton tube station , a station on the London Underground opened on July 23 1971 , is the southern terminus of the Victoria Line .

George Delmetia Beauchamp ( March 18 , 1899 -- March 30 , 1941 ) was an inventor of musical instruments and a co-founder of National Stringed Instrument Corporation and Rickenbacker guitars .

George D. Beauchamp ( 1899 - 1941 ) was an inventor of musical instruments and co-founder of National Stringed Instrument Corporation and Rickenbacker .

Born in Coleman County , Texas , Beauchamp performed in vaudeville , playing the violin and the lap steel guitar , before he settled in Los Angeles , California . During the 1920s , he experimented with the creation of electric lap steel guitars , electric guitars , electric bass guitars , electric violins , and instrument amplifiers .

Born in Texas , he played the violin and the lap steel guitar in Vaudeville before going into the business of then manufacturing of electric lap steel guitars , electric guitars , electric bass guitars , electric violins and combo instrument amplifiers .

Zack is from a family of writers : he is the son of screenwriter Tom Whedon , grandson of screenwriter John Whedon , and the brother of screenwriter\/musician Jed Whedon and producer\/director\/writer Joss Whedon .

He is the son of writer Tom Whedon and the brother of writer-producer-director Joss Whedon .

He graduated in 2002 with a film degree from Wesleyan University where he served as president of the Eclectic Society .

He graduated from Wesleyan University in 2002 with a film degree .

Gambino was known for being low-key and secretive . Gambino served 22 months in prison ( 1938 â `` 39 ) , and lived to the age of 74 , when he died of a heart attack in bed , `` In a state of grace '' , according to a priest who had given him the Last Rites of the Catholic Church .

Gambino was known for being low-key and secretive and unlike many modern mobsters , Gambino served no time in prison , but lived to the age of 74 , when he died of a heart attack in bed .

After the 1957 Apalachin Convention he unexpectedly seized control of the Commission of La Cosa Nostra in the US .

No one expected Gambino to seize control over the Commission of La Cosa Nostra in the US , at 1957 Apalachin Convention .

Carlo `` Don Carlo '' Gambino , ( August 24 , 1902 - October 15 , 1976 ) was a mafioso who became boss of the Gambino crime family , that still bears his name today .

Carlo `` Don Carlo '' Gambino , ( August 24,1902 - October 15,1976 ) was a Mafioso who became Boss of the Gambino crime family , that is still takes the name today .

He was the son of a silk manufacturer at Lyon , where he was born , originally intended to follow his father 's business ; but having in 1792 served as volunteer in the cavalry of the national guard at Lyons , he manifested military abilities which secured his rapid promotion .

He was the son of a silk manufacturer at Lyon , where he was born , originally intended to follow his father 's business ; but as a volunteer in the cavalry of the national guard at Lyons in 1792 his military ability got him rapid promotion .

In 1812 he captured Valencia , for which he was rewarded with the ducal victory title ( honorary , not attached to an actual fief ) of duc d'Albufera da Valencia in 1813 .

In 1812 he captured Valencia , for which he was rewarded with the ducal victory title of duc d'Albufera da Valencia in 1813 .

Honorine Anthoine de Saint-Joseph ( Marseille , 26 February 1790 -- Paris , 13 April 1884 ) , a niece of Julie Clary , the wife of Joseph Bonaparte , by whom he had issue , and soon afterwards was ordered to Spain .

Honorine Anthoine de Saint-Joseph ( Marseille , 26 February 1790 -- Paris , 13 April 1884 ) , a niece of Julie Clary , the wife of Joseph Bonaparte , and soon afterwards was ordered to Spain .

Here , after taking part in the Siege of Saragossa , he was named commander of the army of Aragon and governor of that region , which he by wise , unlike that of most of the French generals , and adriot administration no less than by his brilliant valor , in two years brought into complete submission .

He was named commander of the army of Aragon and governor of that region , and in two years brought the area into complete submission .

The discus throw is the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies such as the Discobolus and Discophoros .

The discus throw is the subject of a number of well-known ancient Greek statues and Roman copies of them .

She was one of the designers who took credit for inventing the miniskirt and hot pants .

She was instrumental in the mod fashion movement , and one of the designers who took credit for inventing the miniskirt and hot pants .

In addition to the miniskirt , Mary Quant is often credited with inventing the colored and patterned tights that tended to accompany the garment , although these are also attributed to Cristobal Balenciaga or John Bates .

In addition to the miniskirt , Mary Quant is often credited with inventing the colored and patterned tights ( pantyhose ) that often went with the miniskirt . These are also attributed to Cristobal Balenciaga or John Bates .

In November 1955 , she teamed up with Plunkett-Green , and a former solicitor , Archie McNair , to open a clothes shop on the King 's Road in London called Bazaar .

In November 1955 , she teamed up with her husband , Alexander Plunkett-Grene , and a former solicitor , Archie McNair , to open a clothes shop on the Kings Road in Chelsea called Bazaar .

In the late 1960s , Quant popularized hot pants , becoming a British fashion icon .

In the late 1960s , Quant popularized hot pants .

Quant named the miniskirt after her favorite make of car , the Mini .

Mary Quant named the miniskirt after her favorite make of car , the Mini .

Mary Quant OBE FCSD ( born 11 February 1934 ) is a Welsh fashion designer and British fashion icon , who was instrumental in the mod fashion movement .

Mary Quant OBE FCSD ( born 11 February 1934 in Blackheath , London ) is a British fashion designer .

In 2000 , she resigned as director of Mary Quant Ltd. , her cosmetics company , after a Japanese buy-out .

In 2000 she resigned as director of Mary Quant Ltd. , her cosmetics company , after a Japanese buy-out .

At a talk at the Victoria & Albert Museum in 2007 she claimed to have invented duvet covers .

At a talk at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 2007 she claimed to have invented duvet covers .

Skirts had been getting shorter since about 1958 â `` a development Mary Quant considered to be practical and liberating , allowing women the ability to run for a bus .

Skirts had been getting shorter since about 1958 â `` a development Mary Quant thought was practical and liberating , allowing women to run for a bus .

The miniskirt , which she is arguably most famous for , became one of the defining fashions of the 1960s .

The miniskirt , which she is most famous for , became one of the defining fashions of the 1960s .

There are over 200 Mary Quant Colour shops in Japan , where Quant fashions continue to enjoy more popularity .

There are over 200 Mary Quant Colour shops in Japan , where Quant fashions continue to enjoy popularity .

The miniskirt was developed separately by AndrÃ CourrÃ ges and John Bates , and there is disagreement as to who came up with the idea first .

The miniskirt was also developed separately by AndrÃ CourrÃ ges and John Bates , and there is disagreement as to who came up with the idea first .

She is also a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers , and winner of the Minerva Medal , the Society 's highest award .

She is a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers , and winner of the Minerva Medal , the Society 's highest award .

It figures in the tale of Jason and his band of Argonauts , who set out on a quest by order of King Pelias for the fleece in order to place Jason rightfully on the throne of Iolcus in Thessaly .

It is in the story of Jason and his group of Argonauts . They set out on a quest ordered by King Pelias to get the fleece so that Jason can rightfully claim the throne of Iolcus in Thessaly .

Another , much less-known Argonautica , using the same body of myth , was composed in Latin by Valerius Flaccus during the time of Vespasian .

Another , much less-known Argonautica , using the same body of myth , was written in Latin by Valerius Flaccus during the time of Vespasian .

Thus , in later versions of the story the ram is said to have been the offspring of the sea god Poseidon and Themisto ( less often , Nephele or Theophane ) .

In later versions the ram is said to have been the child of the sea god Poseidon and Themisto ( less often , Nephele or Theophane ) .

The classic telling is the Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes , composed in mid-third century BC Alexandria , recasting early sources that have not survived .

The famous telling is the Argonautica of Apollonius of Rhodes , written in mid-third century BC Alexandria . It reused early sources that have not survived .

The story is of great antiquity â `` it was current in the time of Homer ( eighth century BC ) â `` and consequently it survives in various forms , among which details vary .

The story is very old ; it was current in the time of Homer in the eighth century BC .

Walker Percy ( May 28 , 1916 -- May 10 , 1990 ) was an American Southern author whose interests included philosophy and semiotics .

Walker Percy ( May 28 , 1916 -- May 10 , 1990 ) was an American author .

A soufflÃ is a light baked cake made with egg yolks and beaten egg whites combined with various other ingredients and served as a savoury main dish or sweetened as a dessert . The word soufflÃ is the past participle of the French verb souffler which means `` to blow up '' or more loosely `` puff up '' -- an apt description of what happens to this combination of custard and egg whites .

A SoufflÃ is a light fluffy food , made from egg whites .

Aitor LÃ pez Rekarte ( born 18 August 1975 in MondragÃ n , Basque Country ) is a retired Spanish footballer .

Aitor LÃ pez Rekarte ( born 18 August 1975 ) is a former Spanish football player .

Metropolitan counties have no county councils and are divided into metropolitan districts whose councils have either the status of City Council or Metropolitan Borough Council .

The metropolitan counties were divided into metropolitan districts which are usually called boroughs . When the county councils were abolished the metropolitan districts gained much of their powers and therefore function similar to other unitary authorities .

The Linux kernel itself was 2.4 million lines of code , or 8 % of the total .

The Linux kernel was made up of 2.4 million lines of code , or 8 % of all the code .

The primary difference between Linux and many other popular contemporary operating systems is that the Linux kernel and other components are free and open source software .

There is a lot of software for Linux , and since Linux is open source it means that most of the software for it is open source and free . This is one of the reasons why some people like to use Linux .

Slightly over half of all lines of code were licensed under the GPL .

A little more than half of all lines of code were licensed under the GPL .

Linux distributions are also commonly used as operating systems for supercomputers : As of 2010 , out of the top 500 systems , 459 ( 91.8 % ) run a Linux distribution .

Linux is commonly used as an operating system for supercomputers . As of November 2007 , out of the top 500 systems , 426 ( 85.2 % ) run Linux .

Most of the code ( 71 % ) was written in the C programming language , but many other languages were used , including C + + , assembly language , Perl , Python , Fortran , and various shell scripting languages .

Most of the code ( 71 % ) was written in the C programming language , and many other languages were used , including C + + , assembly language , Perl , Python , Fortran , and various shell scripting languages .

Torvalds began the development of the Linux kernel on MINIX , and applications written for MINIX were also used on Linux .

Linux relied on software code from MINIX at first .

Code licensed under the GNU GPL can be used in other projects , so long as they also are released under the same or a compatible license . In order to make the Linux available for commercial use , Torvalds initiated a switch from his original license ( which prohibited commercial redistribution ) to the GNU GPL .

To make the Linux kernel suitable for use with the code from the GNU Project , Linus Torvalds started a switch from his original license ( which did not allow people to sell it ) to the GNU GPL .

CrossOver is a proprietary solution based on the open source Wine project that supports running Windows versions of Microsoft Office , Intuit applications such as Quicken and QuickBooks , Adobe Photoshop versions through CS2 , and many popular games such as World of Warcraft and Team Fortress 2 .

CrossOver is a proprietary solution based on the open source Wine project that supports running older Windows versions of Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop versions until CS2 .

Other key components of a software system may use other licenses ; many libraries use the GNU Lesser General Public License ( LGPL ) , a more permissive variant of the GPL , and the X.org implementation of the X Window System uses the MIT License .

â Other key components of a Linux system may use other licenses ; many libraries use the GNU Lesser General Public License ( LGPL ) , a type of the GPL that is less restricted , and the X Window System uses the MIT License .

A 2001 study of Red Hat Linux 7.1 found that this distribution contained 30 million source lines of code .

A 2001 study of Red Hat Linux 7.1 found this distribution had 30 million lines of code .

According to the study , if all this software had been developed by conventional proprietary means , it would have cost about $ ( US dollars ) to develop in the United States .

the study also said , if all this software had been made by proprietary means , it would have cost about 1.08 billion dollars ( in year 2000 U.S.A. dollars ) to make in the United States .

Using the Constructive Cost Model , the study estimated that this distribution required about eight thousand man-years of development time .

The study said red hat 7.1 required about eight thousand man-years of time to development .

Developers worked to integrate GNU components with Linux to make a fully functional and free operating system .

Linux and GNU developers worked together to integrate GNU code with Linux to make a free operating system .

Linux and most GNU software are licensed under the GNU General Public License ( GPL ) .

The Linux kernel and most GNU software are licensed under the GNU General Public License ( GPL ) .

The GPL requires that anyone who distributes Linux must make the source code ( and any modifications ) available to the recipient under the same terms .

The GPL requires that anyone who distributes the Linux kernel must make the source code ( and any modifications ) available to the recipient under the same terms .

He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Giants in Super Bowl XLII .

He won Super Bowl XLII with the Giants on February 3 , 2008 .

Amani Toomer ( born September 8 , 1974 in Berkeley , California ) is a retired American football wide receiver who played at the National Football League .

Amani Toomer ( born September 8 , 1974 in Berkeley , California ) is a retired American football wide receiver that played for the New York Giants and Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League .

In practice , the mean time between failures ( MTBF , 1 \/ Î '' ) is often used instead of the failure rate .

( Mean Time Between Failures ( MTBF ) is closely related to Failure rate .

For example , an automobile 's failure rate in its fifth year of service may be many times greater than its failure rate during its first year of service . One does not expect to replace an exhaust pipe , overhaul the brakes , or have major transmission problems in a new vehicle .

For example , as an automobile grows older , the failure rate in its fifth year of service may be many times greater than its failure rate during its first year of service -- one simply does not expect to replace an exhaust pipe , overhaul the brakes , or have major transmission problems in a new vehicle .

A similar ratio used in the transport industries , especially in railways and trucking is ` mean distance between failures ' , a variation which attempts to correlate actual loaded distances to similar reliability needs and practices .

A similar ratio used in the transport industries , especially in railways and trucking is ` Mean Distance Between Failure ' , a variation which attempts to correlate actual loaded distances to similar reliability needs and practices .

It is often denoted by the Greek letter Î '' ( lambda ) and is important in reliability engineering .

It is often written as the Greek letter Î '' ( lambda ) and is important in reliability theory .

The failure rate of a system usually depends on time , with the rate varying over the life cycle of the system .

Failure rate is usually time dependent , and an intuitive corollary is that the rate changes over time versus the expected life cycle of a system .

In special processes called renewal processes , where the time to recover from failure can be neglected and the likelihood of failure remains constant with respect to time , the failure rate is simply the multiplicative inverse of the MTBF ( 1 \/ Î '' ) .

In the special case when the likelihood of failure remains constant with respect to time ( for example , in some product like a brick or protected steel beam ) , and ignoring the time to recover from failure , failure rate is simply the inverse of the Mean Time Between Failures ( MTBF ) .

Failure rate is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails , expressed for example in failures per hour .

Failure rate is the frequency with which an engineered system or component fails . Usually it is expressed in a number of failzres per time period , like failures per hour .

Cradle 2 the Grave is a 2003 American action film directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak featuring martial artist Jet Li and rapper DMX .

Cradle 2 the Grave is a 2003 action movie that was produced by Joel Silver and directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak .

I once was lost , but now am found , Was blind but now I see .

I once was lost , but now am found , Was blind , but now I see .

How sweet the sound That saved a wretch like me .

Amazing grace , how sweet the sound That savâ d a wretch like me !

The company was founded in 1986 by Pleasant Rowland , and its products were originally purchasable by mail order only . In 1998 , Pleasant Company became a subsidiary of Mattel .

The American Girl series was first created by The Pleasant Company in 1986 , but today it is made by Mattel , a large toy company .

The Chevrolet and GMC G-Series vans were made by General Motors for North America .

The vans went by the names of Sport Van , Beauville and Chevrolet G-Series . GMC 's version of the vans were called Vandura and Rally Wagon .

Noritada Saneyoshi ( born 19 October , 1972 in Minamiuwa District , Ehime ) is a Japanese former professional football player who spent his entire senior career at Gamba Osaka .

Noritada Saneyoshi ( born 19 October 1972 ) is a former Japanese football player . He has played for Gamba Osaka .

Most `` life extensionists '' believe the human life span can be altered within the next century , if not sooner .

Most `` life extensionists '' believe the human life span can be altered within the 21st century .

It is distinguished from geriatrics , which is the branch of medicine that studies the diseases of the elderly .

It is distinguished from geriatrics , which is the branch of medicine that studies the disease of the elderly .

Biomedical gerontology , also known as experimental gerontology and life extension , is a sub discipline of biogerontology that endeavors to slow , prevent , and even reverse aging in both humans and animals .

It includes Biomedical gerontology , also known as experimental gerontology and life extension , is a sub discipline of biogerontology that endeavors to slow , prevent , and even reverse aging in both humans and animals .

Curing age-related diseases is one approach , and slowing down the underlying processes of aging is another .

Curing age-related diseases is one approach , and slowing down the underlying processes of aging with the help of physical exercises is another .

Wissignicourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .

Wissignicourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

Briarwood is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky , United States .

Briarwood is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

For blocks shorter than 3 months , it is recommended that you do not duplicate this notice on a blocked IP 's talk page and instead use other user block templates to provide immediate notification to the vandal of the block .

For blocks shorter than three months , it is recommended that you do not duplicate this notice on a blocked IP 's talk page and instead use other user block templates to provide immediate notification to the vandal of the block .

Recommendations : Do not subst : this template as contact details may change in the future .

Recommendations : Do not substitute ( `` subst : '' ) this template as contact details may change in the future .

Notre-Dame-de-Livaye is a commune in the department of Calvados in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .

Notre-Dame-de-Livaye is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

It soon spread to conservatives among the Baptists and other denominations around 1910-1920 .

It soon spread to conservatives among the Baptists and other denominations during and immediately following the First World War .

The term `` fundamentalism '' has its roots in the Niagara Bible Conference ( 1878 â `` 1897 ) which defined those tenets it considered fundamental to Christian belief .

The term `` fundamentalism '' has its roots in the Niagara Bible Conference ( 1878 â `` 1897 ) which defined those things that were fundamental to Christian belief .

The movement 's purpose was to reaffirm key theological tenets and zealously defend them against the challenges of liberal theology and higher criticism .

The movement 's purpose was to reaffirm orthodox Protestant Christianity and zealously defend it against the challenges of liberal theology , German higher criticism , Darwinism , and other movements which it regarded as harmful to Christianity .

The term was popularized by the `` The Fundamentals '' , a collection of twelve books on five subjects published in 1910 and funded by Milton and Lyman Stewart This series of essays came to be representative of the `` Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversy '' which appeared late in the 19th century within some Protestant denominations in the United States , and continued in earnest through the 1920s .

The term was also used to describe `` The Fundamentals '' , a collection of twelve books on five subjects published in 1910 and funded by Milton and Lyman Stewart

Fundamentalism as a movement arose in the United States , starting among conservative Presbyterian theologians at Princeton Theological Seminary in the late 19th century .

Fundamentalism began as a movement in the U.S. , starting among conservative Presbyterian academics and theologians at Princeton Theological Seminary in the first decade of the Twentieth Century .

It is located on the right bank of Indus River , approximately 18 kilometres north-west of the city of Hyderabad and 150 kilometres north-east from the provincial capital Karachi .

It is located on the right bank of Indus River . It is about 18 kilometres north-west of the city of Hyderabad .

Ø Ù Ø Ù ) is a city in Jamshoro District , Sindh , Pakistan .

Ø Ù Ø Ù ) is the capital city of Jamshoro District in the Sindh province of Pakistan .

Metroid , Metroid II : Return of Samus , Super Metroid , Metroid Fusion , and Metroid : Zero Mission were all developed by Nintendo 's internal R&D 1 section .

Metroid is the first game in the Metroid series and stars the character Samus Aran .

Rouvroy-sur-Serre is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France .

Rouvroy-sur-Serre is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

It was included on Bedingfield 's second North American album Pocketful of Sunshine ( 2008 ) .

The song was released in North America on October 2 , 2007 as part of Pocketful of Sunshine , the second studio album by Natasha Bedingfield which was released in 2008 .

`` Love Like This '' is a pop\/R & B song performed by Natasha Bedingfield featuring Sean Kingston .

Love Like This is an R&B song by singer Natasha Bedingfield featuring Sean Kingston .

McIntire is a city in Mitchell County , Iowa , United States .

McIntire is a city of Iowa in the United States .

Originally a two-year teacher 's college when opened in 1913 , Minot State became a university in 1987 .

It is home to the Minot State University which opened in 1913 .

Minot is also home to Minot State University , the third largest university in the state .

Minot is a town in North Dakota in the United States .

Fumie Suguri is a Japanese figure skater .

Fumie Suguri ( æ ` ä '' ç `` æ Suguri Fumie born December 31 , 1980 in Yokohama ) is a Japanese figure skater .

Her younger sister , Chika Suguri , is also a figure skater .

Her younger sister Chika Suguri is figure skater likewise , too .

She is a five-time Japanese National Champion , a three-time World Championship medalist , a three-time Four Continents Champion and the 2003-2004 Grand Prix Final Champion .

She is a five-times Japanese National Champion , three-times World Championships medalist , and 2003-2004 's Grand Prix Final Champion .

Osborne House is a former royal residence in East Cowes , Isle of Wight , UK .

Osborne House is a former royal residence East Cowes on the Isle of Wight , England .

Queen Victoria and her husband Prince Albert bought Osborne House on the Isle of Wight in October 1845 .

Osborne House is a former royal residence East Cowes on the Isle of Wight , England . It was in purchased by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1845 .

The setting of the existing three storey Georgian house appealed to Queen Victoria and Prince Albert ; in particular , the views of the Solent reminded Albert of the Bay of Naples in Italy . It soon became obvious that it was too small for their needs .

The solent reminded by Prince Albert of the Bay of Naples , but the old house was too small for their needs , and the house was demolished and rebuilt by Thomas Cubitt .

The house was built between 1845 and 1851 for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert as a summer home and rural retreat .

It was in purchased by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1845 .

Igbo is an official language of Nigeria and is also spoken natively in Cameroon .

Igbo is a language spoken in Nigeria .