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8934042 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg%20Vyugin | Oleg Vyugin | Oleg Vyacheslavovich Vyugin (Russian: Вьюгин Олег Вячеславович, born July 29, 1952) was the Head of the Federal Financial Markets Service of Russia.
Education and early career
Mr. Vyugin graduated from the Moscow State University in 1974. In 1977 he completed his graduate studies in physics and mathematics the same university.
From to 1978 to 1988 Mr. Vyugin worked as an academic at various economic research institutes.
From 1989 to 1993, he was Chief Researcher at the Russian Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Economic Forecasting.
In 1993, Mr. Vyugin was appointed Head of the Macroeconomic Policy Department at the Russian Ministry of Finance. In 1994, he became a member of the board of the Ministry of Finance. From 1996 to 1999, he served as Deputy Minister of Finance, and in 1999 was appointed First Deputy Minister.
In 1999, Mr. Vyugin became Chief Economist and Executive Vice President of Troika Dialog.
In 2002, he was appointed First Deputy Chairman of the Central Bank of Russia responsible for monetary policy.
Head of the Federal Financial Markets Service
On March 23, 2004, Mr. Vyugin was appointed Head of the Federal Financial Markets Service (FFMS).
He was regarded as a reformer and has implemented several changes to Federal laws to facilitate public offerings in the Russian market. He is a strong supporter of the domestic stock markets and criticised both issuers and investment banks for listing companies with predominantly Russian assets on foreign exchanges without listing in Russia. On May 10, 2007, Vyugin left his position in the Federal Financial Markets Service, succeeded by Vladimir Milovidov.
Chairman of Moscow Exchange
Mr. Vyugin was elected Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Moscow Exchange in April 2018.
References
More reading
Federal Financial Markets Service official web-site
Federal Financial Markets Service press-release
Living people
Russian politicians
1952 births
Higher School of Economics faculty |
36787346 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DM%20Sevilla | DM Sevilla | Denmark Sevilla popularly known as DM Sevilla (born 29 January 1987) is a Filipino actor and dancer.
Sevilla was born in Santa Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. He is one of the final top 5 members of Star Circle Quest batch 2004 together with Erich Gonzales. He is currently working on ABS-CBN and best known for his as Romeo in Princess and I.
Filmography
Television
Others
Eat Bulaga! (GMA 7) - as Mr. Pogi Grand finalist [2004]
ASAP Fanatics (ABS-CBN) - as himself/co-host [2004-05]
TEENS (TV-5) - as a host [2007-08]
References
External links
Filipino male television actors
1987 births
Living people
People from Santa Maria, Bulacan
Male actors from Bulacan
Star Circle Quest participants
ABS-CBN personalities
Star Magic
Star Magic Batch 12 |
17842831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%20Buckner | Ted Buckner | Theodore Guy Buckner (December 14, 1913, St. Louis, Missouri - April 12, 1976, Detroit, Michigan) was an American jazz saxophonist. He was the brother of Milt Buckner.
Buckner was raised in Detroit, where he played very early in his career before joining McKinney's Cotton Pickers. He was best known for his time spent in the orchestra of Jimmie Lunceford, where he remained from 1937 to 1943. After working with Lunceford, Buckner primarily played locally in Detroit, where he worked into the 1970s. His activities included small jazz combos, work in the Motown studios, and co-leading a big band with Jimmy Wilkins, Ernie Wilkins's brother. He toured Europe in 1975, and also appeared in the New McKinney's Cotton Pickers that decade.
References
Peter Vacher, "Ted Buckner". The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz.
[ Ted Buckner] at Allmusic
Further reading
John Chilton, Who's Who of Jazz.
1913 births
1976 deaths
American jazz saxophonists
American male saxophonists
20th-century American musicians
20th-century saxophonists
20th-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians |
25488865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veretskyi%20Pass | Veretskyi Pass | Veretskyi Pass or Verecke Pass (, more formally: , also known as: ; ) is a mountain pass in Ukraine, one of the most important passes of the Inner Eastern Carpathian Mountains.
Location
The pass is located in the Carpathian Mountains just where the oblasts of Lviv and Transcarpathia meet, on the spine of the Northeastern Carpathians, between the Latorica (or Latorytsia) and Opir river valleys and at the river divide or watershed between the Latorytsia and the Stryi. It has an elevation of 841 meters.
History
The pass has been well-traveled for more than a millennium. In 895 the Hungarian tribes entered the Carpathian Basin and during the next century established the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1241 the main army of the Mongols crossed the pass into the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1703, when Francis Rákóczi II came back from exile at Berezhany Castle in present-day Ukraine, he traveled across Veretskyi Pass into the Hungarian Plain to assume leadership in an anti-Habsburg uprising which became known as Rákóczi's War of Independence. In 1914 during the First World War the pass saw heavy fighting between Austrian-Hungarian troops and those of Tsarist Russia. During World War II the pass was the scene of further battles; the remains of the defensive fortifications of the Árpád Line can still be seen today. Since 1980 the pass has been bypassed by major highways.
The pass is also memorable in Ukrainian history because in 1939, just before the outbreak of World War II, it was the site of a mass murder of some 600 Ukrainian partisans, the Carpathian Sich (Карпа́тська Січ, Karpatska Sich), who had been fighting against Polish border guards.
In 2008, the Hungarian government received permission from the Ukrainian government to install a monument to the passing of the Hungarian peoples into the future Hungary (in 895). The monument was designed by Hungarian sculptor Péter Matl (Петро Матл) who was born in Mukachevo.
See also
Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin
Hungary–Ukraine relations
References
External links
See a photo and map at Panoramio.
Mountain passes of the Carpathians
Mountain passes of Ukraine |
11797883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokwang | Pokwang | Marietta Subong O'Brian (born August 27, 1970), known professionally as Pokwang, is a Filipina comedian, actress, television host and singer.
She started in a reality show on ABS-CBN and subsequently appeared in dramas and sitcoms of the network. She also received the Best Comedy Actress award from the Philippine Movie Press Club for her portrayal in the sitcom Aalog-Alog and the Best Female Comedian award from People's Choice Awards. She became a host of the variety shows Wowowee, Pilipinas Win na Win and Happy Yipee Yehey.
Early life
Pokwang was born Marietta Subong on August 27, 1970 in Iloilo City. Her family hails from Antipolo, Rizal. Her father was a drunkard and her mother had difficulties in raising Pokwang and her 11 other siblings. Pokwang was the seventh born among her siblings.
Career
As a migrant worker
In 1990, Pokwang went to Japan as an Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) and worked as a group dancer, going home to the Philippines four times within the two years time she worked in Japan. Her contracts in Japan were for six-months each. She saved money to renovate her family's fragile house to one made with sturdier materials. Pokwang also learned how to speak Japanese due to her work. She stopped working in Japan after she got pregnant which was also the time when Japan started to impose stricter regulations after following an issue with OFWs in Japan.
Pokwang went to Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates to work as a domestic worker in 1998 after the gulf country started to accept OFWs. She worked in the country for six months. She wanted to go home immediately after she learned that her son who was then five years old was diagnosed with a brain tumor but her employer did not want to finance her plane ticket to fly back to the Philippines as she was still under contract. She was then forced to stay to raise funds herself. Her son later died while she was still in Abu Dhabi.
Return to the Philippines
Following the loss of her son, Pokwang decided to stay in the Philippines and tend to her daughter. Pokwang made her first appearance as a backup dancer in Eezy Dancing of ABC 5.
While performing as a guest in a comedy bar in Cubao, she met Eric Nicolas who was looking for a talent to work with ABS-CBN. She worked in a comedy bar named Funline and in 2002 moved to the Music Box. In 2004, Pokwang joined "Clown in a Million" a reality talent show segment of Yes Yes Show of ABS-CBN after she was convinced by Nicolas to participate and became the grand champion. After winning, she secured an exclusive artist contract with ABS-CBN.
Pokwang appeared in various dramas and sitcoms following her win at the reality talent show segment. She also had concerts both outside and within the Philippines and also had appeared in noon-time shows. She starred with other actors and actresses in various projects such as Dolphy which she considers her idol, Ai-Ai de las Alas, Willie Rivellame, Piolo Pascual, Sam Milby, Claudine Barretto, Judy Ann Santos, Sharon Cuneta, and Kris Aquino.
She won the Best Comedy Actress award by the Philippine Movie Press Club for her portrayal in Aalog-Alog and the she garnered the Best Female Comedian award of the People's Choice Award. As a film actress she won the Bert Marcelo Lifetime Achievement Award twice.
Pokwang appeared in various films portraying supporting characters. Her first film where she portrayed a lead role was the 2011 film A Mother's Story, where she took up a role of an overseas Filipino worker named Medy.
In 2020, following the denial of ABS-CBN's franchise renewal, she signed to APT Entertainment and hosted two blocktime shows produced by APT, Chika, Besh! and Fill in the Bank. being aired on TV5.
In 2021, Pokwang officially signed up with Sparkle GMA Artist Center after weeks of speculation of her transfer to GMA Network.
Comedic style
Pokwang prefers to use herself as a subject of her jokes rather than other people. She does not use "green jokes" (Filipino parlance for sexual innuendos) or devise other jokes more fit for a mature audience as she enjoys having children part of her audience.
Pokwang has also impersonated other people as part of her job as a comedian. Among the people she has impersonated were Dionisia Pacquiao such as for an episode in Banana Split and Anabelle Rama.
Personal life
In 1993, Pokwang married a Japanese national who she had met while she was working abroad in Japan. The union had a son, who later died due to a congential brain ailment. The couple had become estranged for over a decade. In 2009, after 16 years, Subong's estranged husband contacted her in an effort to reconcile after he found out he had cancer. He also requested to view the grave of his son, to which Pokwang replied "He has forgiven you, he's an angel now.".
In 1996, she entered into another relationship again with a Japanese national. Though they did not marry, the union had a daughter Ria Mae. Pokwang has since not spoken to her daughter's father, but harbors no ill will toward him, stating she is open to her daughter one days meeting with him. He found out about Pokwang's celebrity status via mutual friend and through international media channels. In May 2014, Pokwang reestablished contact with Rie Mae's father in an effort to have him appear at Ria Mae's debutante ball for her 18th birthday. Subong later revealed that she was aware of her former partner's marriage to a Korean national and that he had started a family with her.
Pokwang had a British suitor but in June 2013 it was reported that he decided not to pursue. Pokwang speculated that the reason for this was that she was "playing hard to get", but insists that she remains friends with the Briton.
On 20 January 2015, Pokwang entered into a relationship with American actor Lee O'Brian, whom she worked with in the film Edsa Woolworth which was released in theaters in that same month. Subong became pregnant, but miscarried after three weeks. By September 2016, Subong had been introduced to O'Brian's relatives and the two began talking about marriage. Nuptial planning was delayed as Pokwang's priority at the time was her project Till I Met You. On June 16, 2017, Subong announced on Twitter that she was seven weeks pregnant with O'Brian's child.
On 18 January 2018, Pokwang gave birth to her third child (first with Lee) in Antipolo city, naming her Malia Francine O'Brian.
Filmography
Television
Films
Discography
Albums
Singles
Compilation album
Awards and nominations
References
External links
Living people
Filipino film actresses
Filipino television actresses
Filipino television personalities
Filipino women comedians
People from Iloilo City
Actresses from Iloilo
People from Antipolo
Star Magic
1970 births
Filipino expatriates in Japan
Filipino expatriates in the United Arab Emirates
Visayan people
ABS-CBN personalities
GMA Network personalities
TV5 (Philippine TV network) personalities
Filipino women pop singers |
2040445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanif%20Mohammad | Hanif Mohammad | Hanif Mohammad (, 21 December 1934 – 11 August 2016) was a Pakistani cricketer.
He played for the Pakistani cricket team in 55 Test matches between the 1952–53 season and the 1969–70 season. He averaged 43.98 scoring twelve centuries. At his peak, he was considered one of the best batsmen in the world despite playing at a time when Pakistan played very little Test cricket; Hanif played just 55 Test matches in a career spanning 17 years. In his obituary by ESPNcricinfo, he was honoured as the original Little Master, a title later assumed by Sunil Gavaskar and Sachin Tendulkar. He was the first Pakistani to score a triple hundred in a Test match.
Life and career
Hanif was trained by Abdul Aziz, an Afghan cricket player, who had earlier played in Ranji Trophy for Jamnagar and father of Indian cricketer, Salim Durani. He made his first-class debut playing for Pakistan against the MCC in November 1951. He made 26 in 165 minutes. His Test debut was in Pakistan's first ever Test match against India in October 1952, where he was the top scorer of Pakistan's first innings.
The highest of Hanif's Test centuries was a famous 337 made against West Indies in a six-day test at Bridgetown in 1957/58, the highest Test innings at the time. It is still the highest score by a player in away Tests. After Pakistan found itself following on from a first-innings deficit of 473 runs on the afternoon of the third day, Hanif spent more than sixteen hours at the crease compiling his runs, allowing Pakistan to draw the game. It remains the longest innings in Test history (and stood as the longest in all first-class cricket for over 40 years). It was the only Test match instance of a triple century in a team's second innings until it was equaled by New Zealand cricketer Brendon McCullum against India in 2014. Displays such as this earned him the nickname "Little Master". Hanif Mohammad also has the world record for scoring the slowest test triple century in terms of minutes (858) and the only player in test history to have spent over 970 minutes to score a test triple ton.
In 1958–59, he surpassed Don Bradman's record for the highest individual first-class innings. Hanif made 499 for Karachi in a match against Bahawalpur before being run out attempting his five hundredth run; this stood for more than 35 years before being passed by Brian Lara in 1994. It was the first instance of a triple and quadruple century being scored in the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy. In all he made 55 first-class centuries and finished with a strong first-class career average of 52.32. He could bowl with either arm, and kept wicket on a number of occasions. He is known to have played the slowest test innings when he scored 20 off 223 balls at a strike rate of 8.97.
Hanif's career lasted until 1975–76, but he never played in the English County Championship, although he did have an outing for the Northamptonshire Second XI in August 1965 whilst preparing for his appearance for a Rest of the World XI against England at the Scarborough Festival a few days later. Hanif was named as a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1968 and in January 2009 he was named along with two other Pakistani players, Imran Khan and Javed Miandad, among the inaugural batch of 55 inductees into the ICC's Hall of Fame.
In one Test match against Australia, Hanif scored a century in the first innings. In the second, he was given out stumped by Barry Jarman off the bowling of Tom Veivers for 93. Hanif respected the umpire's decision. Later in a press conference Jarman admitted that Hanif was not out.
In 1972, after retiring from international cricket, Hanif co-founded the magazine The Cricketer Pakistan. He edited this magazine for two decades. He also served as the team manager for Pakistan International Airlines (PIA).
Batting performance
Family members
Many other members of Hanif's family were also cricketers: his brothers Mushtaq, Sadiq and Wazir all played Tests for Pakistan, as did his son Shoaib. Another brother Raees was once twelfth man for Pakistan, and four nephews had first-class careers. His mother Ameer Bee was a national badminton champion in pre-independence British India.
Death
Hanif Mohammad was diagnosed with lung cancer in 2013. He had been undergoing treatment for lung cancer in Karachi's Aga Khan Hospital. He died on 11 August 2016 at age 81.
Tribute, awards and recognition
In 2018, a Google Doodle was created to celebrate his 84th Birthday. Hanif's triple-century against the West Indies team in 1957/58 made him a legend in the cricketing world. He was one of the original inductees into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.
Pride of Performance Award in 1959 by the Government of Pakistan
References
External links
Ramachandra Guha : The original little master, The Hindu (newspaper)
1934 births
2016 deaths
People from Junagadh
Pakistani people of Gujarati descent
Pakistan Test cricketers
Pakistan Test cricket captains
Karachi cricketers
Commonwealth XI cricketers
International Cavaliers cricketers
Wisden Cricketers of the Year
Recipients of the Pride of Performance
Pakistani cricketers
Cricketers from Karachi
Bahawalpur cricketers
South Zone (Pakistan) cricketers
Karachi Whites cricketers
Karachi A cricketers
Pakistan International Airlines cricketers
Pakistan International Airlines A cricketers |
39077600 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%27id%20al-As | Sa'id al-As | Sa'id al-'As (; 1889 – 6 October 1936) was a Syrian nationalist, a former officer in the Ottoman army and a high-ranking commander of rebel forces during the Great Syrian Revolt against French rule in Syria and the 1936 revolt against British rule in Palestine. He was killed in action near Jerusalem during the latter.
Early life
Al-'As was born to a family of modest financial means in Hama, central Syria, in 1889. He graduated from the Ottoman Military School in Damascus and later the Ottoman Military College (Maktab Harbiye) in Istanbul. Ottoman rule in Syria ended in 1918 with their defeat by British and Sharifian forces in World War I. Following the war, al-'As was among the group of former Ottoman officers who allied with the Sharifian commander Emir Faisal. Faisal served as king of the Kingdom of Syria until 1920, when the kingdom was dissolved by French forces after they defeated Faisal's army in the Battle of Maysalun. Al-'As participated in that battle. Afterward, the French Mandate of Syria was established. Al-'As then left for Amman in the Emirate of Transjordan, where he lived in exile.
Role in the Great Syrian Revolt
In the mid-summer of 1925, after three prominent Druze leaders were invited to Damascus by the French authorities, only to be arrested and imprisoned, Sultan Pasha al-Atrash rallied his Druze warriors in Jabal al-Arab and declared a revolt against French rule in Syria. After scoring a number of victories against the French Army, al-Atrash's rebellion inspired Syrian nationalists throughout the country to take up arms and the uprising spread throughout the country.
Al-'As became a prominent leader of the rebellion, moving between the Ghouta countryside of Damascus and the Jabal in the Hauran. In a 26 November meeting of rebel leaders in Saqba, a village near Damascus, al-'As was chosen as the general leader of the rebellion. His position was reconfirmed in another meeting of the rebel leadership in Saqba on 5 December. In the latter meeting al-'As contested the leadership of his rival Nasib al-Bakri. Al-Bakri's closest rebel ally, Hasan al-Kharrat, had detained an important rebel leader from Deir ez-Zor, Ramadan al-Shallash, and along with al-Bakri, accused him of levying illegitimate taxes against villages to enrich himself. Although several officers disapproved of al-Kharrat's procedures against al-Shallash, a judgement was made expelling al-Shallash from the rebellion. Before the judgement could be exercised, French aircraft bombarded Saqba and amid the bombing al-'As had al-Shallash released.
As the revolt came to an end in 1927, al-'As departed from the al-Nabk region where he and other rebel leaders had been recruiting volunteers. Al-'As then headed for Deir ez-Zor, located along the Euphrates River in the Syrian Desert. From there, he and Fawzi al-Qawuqji left for Baghdad in the Kingdom of Iraq, which at the time was under a degree of British military administration. In Iraq he served under King Faisal, who had previously been forced out of Syria in 1920. Together, al-'As and al-Qawuqji helped to train and organize the Royal Iraqi Army.
Commander in Palestine
When the Palestinian Arab revolt against British rule and increased Jewish immigration to Palestine erupted in 1936, hundreds of Arab volunteers arrived to support the uprising, including some 200 Syrians, many of whom were inspired by Izz al-Din al-Qassam, a Syrian guerrilla leader who struggled and died fighting the British in Palestine a year earlier. Al-'As was among them and was one of their two leaders, according to Palestinian historian Basheer M. Nafi. The other commander was Muhammad al-Ashmar. Al-'As served as the overall commander of Arab fighters in the vicinity of Jerusalem and his second-in-command was Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, a Palestinian commander from a prominent Jerusalemite family.
Death and legacy
Al-'As was killed in a confrontation with British forces in the Jerusalem area on 6 October 1936. Al-Husayni was severely wounded in the clash, which ended his military activities for the remainder of the year. However, he emerged as al-'As's successor in the Jerusalem sector between 1937 and the end of the revolt in 1939.
In 1935, al-'As had Safahat min al-ayyam al-hamraa, a collection of his memoirs on the Great Syrian Revolt, published. The book was later republished by his grandson. From the perspective of the Ba'athist governments of Hafez al-Assad and Bashar al-Assad, al-'As's nationalist credentials are relatively strong, but he was not honored like some of the other prominent leaders of the revolt, such as Sultan Pasha al-Atrash or Hasan al-Kharrat. The reason behind this was the posthumous adoption of al-'As as a "nationalist saint" by the Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP) of Antun Saadeh. The SSNP and the Ba'ath Party had an acrimonious relationship, and the former was banned in Ba'athist-run Syria.
References
Source
Bibliography
1889 births
1936 deaths
Arabs of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Military Academy alumni
People from Hama
People of the Great Syrian Revolt
Rebel commanders of the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
Syrian nationalists |
8591895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20stars%20in%20Vela | List of stars in Vela | This is the list of notable stars in the constellation Vela, sorted by decreasing brightness.
This constellation's Bayer designations (Greek-letter star names) were given while it was still considered part of the constellation of Argo Navis. After Argo Navis was broken up into Carina, Vela, and Puppis, these Greek-letter designations were kept, so that Vela does not have a full complement of Greek-letter designations. For example, since Argo Navis's alpha star went to Carina, there is no Alpha Velorum.
See also
List of stars by constellation
References
List
Vela |
56118425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace%20Cox | Horace Cox | Horace Cox was an important and distinct publisher of books in London, founded in the Victorian era. Cox himself died in 1918. Amongst others, the firm published Crockford's Clerical Directory, The Field and The Law Times.
References
Book publishing companies of the United Kingdom
Publishing companies established in 1866
1866 establishments in England |
68205593 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel%20Godoy | Isabel Godoy | Isabel Selena Godoy Monárdez (born 1967) is a Qulla activist and politician in Chile. A former political prisoner during the Chilean military dictatorship, Godoy was elected in 2021 to represent the Qulla people at the Constitutional Convention.
Godoy is considered an ally of 2021 Chilean presidential candidate Daniel Jadue of the Communist Party.
Biography
Godoy was born in 1967 to a Qulla family. At the age of 17, Godoy was assaulted by a police officer while protesting the Augusto Pinochet dictatorship and was put in prison for her social activism. Godoy is an accountant by profession and is currently studying to receive a degree in social work.
Godoy has served as a member of the National Council of the Qulla People. Additionally, Godoy has served as president of the Kolla Flora indigenous community.
Constitutional Convention
In the 2021 Constitutional Convention election, Godoy ran to represent a reserved seat for the Qulla people in the Atacama Region. She was elected after receiving 631 votes (29.53%) out of 2,137 votes cast. During her campaign, Godoy indicated she supported the establishment of a plurinational state in Chile inclusive of indigenous nations, and stated that the new constitution should safeguard the legal right to water.
Following her election to the body, Godoy chose to run for President of the Constitutional Convention. In the first round of the election, Godoy received 35 votes, but in the second round lost to Mapuche activist Elisa Loncón, who won with 96 votes in her favor. Godoy has stated that she believes Mapuche leaders consider members of other native nations such as the Qulla, who are smaller in population, as "little brothers" whose autonomy isn't respected.
Godoy is a staunch critic of conservative President of Chile Sebastián Piñera and has called for his resignation, arguing that he has hindered the work of the Constitutional Convention to the point where "we have no choice but to request the resignation of the President".
Political views
Godoy has praised the plurinational model of Bolivia and has called for a similar system to be implemented in Chile to safeguard the rights of indigenous peoples. Godoy has called for an end to what she considers the "militarization" of indigenous areas in Chile.
References
Chilean politicians
Chilean socialists
Members of the Chilean Constitutional Convention
People from Atacama Region
1967 births
Living people |
34304538 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962%E2%80%9363%20European%20Cup%20%28handball%29 | 1962–63 European Cup (handball) | The 1962–63 European Cup was the fifth edition of Europe's premier club handball tournament.
Knockout stage
Round 1
|}
Round of 16
|}
Quarterfinals
|}
Semifinals
|}
Finals
|}
External links
EHF Champions League website
1963 edition
EHF Champions League seasons
Champions League
Champions League |
32253836 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine%20Brothers%20Kherkheulidze | Nine Brothers Kherkheulidze | Nine Brothers Kherkheulidze () with their mother and sister were heroes of the Battle of Marabda. All of them died defending their motherland.
Deaths
In 1625, Shah Abbas I of Persia marched his largest army towards his two Georgian vassal kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti. In these areas, Teimuraz I of Kakheti (Tahmuras Khan) and Giorgi Saakadze (Murav-Beg) were putting heavy resistance against the Safavid overlordship. The Georgian Army consisted of twenty thousand men, while the banner was entrusted to the Nine Brothers Kherkheulidze. The Iranian army was put under the leadership of Isa-Khan Qurchibash.
The Persians panicked upon coming face-to-face with the courage and fortitude of the Georgian soldiers, but the experienced commander Isa-Khan Qurchibash would not yield. Help arrived from Beglerbeg Shaybani-Khan, and with the extra forces the Persians soon gained the advantage over the Georgian army. The Georgian colonel, Teimuraz Mukhranbatoni, was fatally wounded, and rumors of his death threw the soldiers into a panic, since they mistakenly believed that the dead man was King Teimuraz I of Kakheti, their commander.
Believing that their leader had fallen, the Georgian soldiers became anxious. Before long, they recognized their mistake, but it was too late, as the fate of the battle had already been decided.
The military leaders and the bishops of Rustavi and Kharchasho all were killed in the battle at Marabda. The nine banner-bearing Kherkheulidze brothers were also killed. When the banner, that had led their army through the battles at Didgori and Basiani, fell from the hands of the youngest brother, their sister grabbed hold of it immediately, and when she also fell, the banner and symbol of Georgian invincibility was raised up again by their mother, who also was killed.
The Georgians fought heroically to the last moment. The battle that had begun at dawn finally ended late that night with the defeat of the Georgian army. Nine thousand Georgians gave their lives for Christ and their motherland on the battlefield at Marabda. For their heroism, Nine Brothers Kherkheulidze with their mother and sister and nine thousand martyrs of Marabda were canonized by Georgian Orthodox Church. The self-sacrifice of Nine Brothers was represented in Georgian poetry.
Gallery
See also
Kherkheulidze
Nine Jugović brothers killed in the Battle of Kosovo
References
Essays on the History of Georgia, fourth volume, Tbilisi, 1974
Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia, eleventh volume, Tbilisi 1987
External links
Nine Kherkheulidze Brothers with their Mother and Sister and Nine Thousand Martyrs of Marabda from Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America
Saints of Georgia (country)
1625 deaths
Christian saints killed by Muslims
Women in 17th-century warfare
Women in European warfare
Women in war in Western Asia
Sibling groups |
4344423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duff%20%28surname%29 | Duff (surname) | The surname Duff has several origins. In some cases, it is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic Ó Duibh ("descendant of Dubh"), Mac Giolla Duibh ("son of the servant of Dubh"), Mac Duibh ("son of Dubh"). The surname Duff is also sometimes a short form of Duffin (when of Gaelic origin), and MacElduff (from Mac Giolla Duibh), and Duffy (a name with multiple origins).
The Gaelic dubh ("black", "dark") is a word-element which forms a part of many Gaelic names.
Le Duff is the gallicized variant of the Breton surname An Du which means The Black.
People
Alan Duff (born 1950), New Zealand writer
Alexander Duff (missionary) (1806–1878), founder of Scottish Church College, Calcutta
Alexander Duff (Royal Navy officer) (1862–1933), British admiral
Andrew Duff, British politician
Anne Macintosh Duff (born 1925), Canadian watercolor artist
Anne-Marie Duff, British actress
Antony Duff, past head of MI5
Arthur Duff (1899–1956), Irish composer
Bob Duff (rugby union) (1925–2006), New Zealand rugby union player and coach
Cara Leland Duff, later Lady Fairhaven
Chris Duff, American expedition sea kayaker
Damien Duff, Irish football manager and former player
Dick Duff, Canadian ice hockey player
Douglas Duff, policeman and author
Duncan Duff, Scottish actor
Edward Gordon Duff, British bibliographer and librarian
Elmyra Duff, fictional character from Tiny Toon Adventures
Ernest Duff (1931–2016), American businessman, lawyer and Mormon bishop
Captain George Duff of the Royal Navy who commanded HMS Mars at the Battle of Trafalgar
George F. D. Duff, (1926–2001) Canadian mathematician
Gordon William Duff, British professor
Hailey Duff (curler) (born 1997), Scottish curler
Haylie Duff, American actress, Hilary's sister
Hilary Duff, American pop singer and actress, Haylie's sister
Howard Duff, American actor
Jamal Duff, American actor and former NFL American football player
James Duff (disambiguation)
Jason Duff, Australian field hockey player
Jill Duff, Anglican priest and Bishop-designate of Lancaster
John Duff (disambiguation)
Louis Le Duff, French billionaire businessman
Lyman Poore Duff, Canadian Chief Justice
Michael Duff (physicist), British physicist and string theorist
Michael Duff (footballer), Northern Ireland footballer
Sir Michael Duff, 3rd Baronet, British hereditary peer
Mickey Duff, British boxing promoter
Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Duff (1829–1906), Scottish politician and author
Norwich Duff, British admiral
Patrick Duff, British singer-songwriter
Peggy Duff, British activist
Reggie Duff, Australian cricketer
Rick Duff, Canadian boxer
Robert Duff (disambiguation)
Roger Duff, New Zealand ethnologist
Shane Duff, Northern Irish footballer
Stan Duff (1919–1941), English footballer
Thomas Duff, Irish architect
Tom Duff, Canadian computer scientist
Warren B. Duff, film and television writer and producer
William E. Duff, American writer on counterespionage
In the British Royal Family:
Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife (1891–1959), née Duff
Princess Maud, Countess of Southesk (1893–1945), née Duff
Scottish aristocrats:
William Duff, 1st Earl Fife (c. 1696 – 1763)
James Duff, 2nd Earl Fife (1729–1809)
Alexander Duff, 3rd Earl Fife (1731–1811)
James Duff, 4th Earl Fife (1776–1857)
James Duff, 5th Earl Fife (1814–1879)
Alexander Duff, 6th Earl Fife (1849–1912) (became Duke of Fife in 1887)
Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife (1849–1912)
See also
Clan MacDuff
Duff (disambiguation)
McDuff (disambiguation)
Le Duff, another surname
References
English-language surnames
Surnames of Irish origin
Anglicised Irish-language surnames |
21849581 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/831st%20Bombardment%20Squadron | 831st Bombardment Squadron | The 831st Bombardment Squadron was a squadron of the United States Army Air Forces. It was activated in 1942 as the 516th Bombardment Squadron and flew antisubmarine missions off the Atlantic coast as the 11th Antisubmarine Squadron. Later, it saw combat in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations as a Consolidated B-24 Liberator unit, where it earned a Distinguished Unit Citation during the strategic bombing campaign against Germany. Following V-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States and was inactivated at Sioux City Army Air Base, Iowa on 20 August 1945.
History
Antisubmarine campaign
The squadron was first activated as the 516th Bombardment Squadron on 18 October 1942, when the 377th Bombardment Group replaced the 59th Observation Group at Fort Dix Army Air Field and assumed its mission, personnel and equipment. The 516th was initially equipped with the North American O-47s and Curtiss O-52 Owls of the 9th Observation Squadron, but converted to North American B-25 Mitchells the following year. Although the 516th was located with group headquarters, the other squadrons of the group were at various bases along the coast between Delaware and New Hampshire.
In October 1942, the Army Air Forces organized its antisubmarine forces into the single Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command, which established the 25th Antisubmarine Wing the following month to control its forces operating over the Atlantic. Its bombardment group headquarters, including the 377th, were inactivated and the squadron, now designated the 11th Antisubmarine Squadron, was assigned directly to the 25th Wing. In July 1943, the AAF and Navy reached an agreement to transfer the coastal antisubmarine mission to the Navy. This mission transfer also included an exchange of AAF long-range bombers equipped for antisubmarine warfare for Navy Consolidated B-24 Liberators without such equipment.
Combat in the Mediterranean Theater
The squadron was redesignated the 831st Bombardment Squadron on 1 October and moved to Fairmont Army Air Field, where it acted as the cadre for the newly-activated 485th Bombardment Group. It trained with Consolidated B-24 Liberators until March 1944, when it deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations. En route to the theater, on 20 April 1944, 154 members of the Squadron were lost when the Liberty ship was sunk by an aerial torpedo. The squadron's ground echelon arrived at its base at Venosa Airfield, Italy in April, but when the air echelon arrived in theater, it remained in Tunisia for additional training.
The squadron entered combat in May 1944, and primarily flew long range strategic bombing missions against targets in Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Romania, and Yugoslavia, bombing marshalling yards, oil refineries, airfields, heavy industry, and other strategic objectives. The squadron was awarded a Distinguished Unit Citation for continuing an attack on an oil refinery near Vienna, Austria on 26 June 1944 despite heavy fighter opposition.
The 831st was occasionally diverted from the strategic campaign to carry out some support and interdiction operations. It struck bridges, harbors, and troop concentrations in August 1944 to aid with Operation Dragoon, the invasion of Southern France. It also hit communications lines and other targets during March and April 1945 to support the advance of the British Eighth Army in northern Italy in Operation Grapeshot.
The unit departed Italy in May 1945. In late July, it reassembled at Sioux City Army Air Base, Iowa. The following month, the 485th Group was redesignated as a very heavy group. Because, such groups had only three, rather than four, operational squadrons, the 831st was inactivated on 20 August 1945.
Lineage
Constituted as the 516th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 13 October 1942
Activated on 18 October 1942
Redesignated 11th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) on 29 November 1942
Redesignated 11th Antisubmarine Squadron (Medium) on 3 March 1943
Redesignated 11th Antisubmarine Squadron (Heavy) on 20 April 1943
Redesignated 831st Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 1 October 1943
Redesignated 831st Bombardment Squadron, Heavy c. 1944
Inactivated on 20 August 1945
Assignments
377th Bombardment Group, 18 October 1942
25th Antisubmarine Wing, 9 December 1942
485th Bombardment Group, 1 October 1943 – 20 August 1945
Stations
Fort Dix Army Air Base, New Jersey, 18 October 1942
Gowen Field, Idaho, 1 October 1943
Fairmont Army Air Field, Nebraska, 20 September 1943 – 11 March 1944
Venosa Airfield, Italy, c. 30 April 1944 – c. 9 May 1945
Sioux City Army Air Base, Iowa, 24 July 1945
Smoky Hill Army Air Field, Kansas, 8 September 1945 – 20 August 1945
Aircraft
North American O-47, 1942–1943
Curtiss O-52 Owl, 1942–1943
North American B-25 Mitchell, 1943
Consolidated B-24 Liberator, 1943-1945
Awards and campaigns
See also
B-24 Liberator units of the United States Army Air Forces
References
Notes
Explanatory notes
Citations
Bibliography
Bombardment squadrons of the United States Army Air Forces |
17537820 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan%20and%20Mary%20%28Polly%29%20Johnson%20properties | Nathan and Mary (Polly) Johnson properties | The Nathan and Mary (Polly) Johnson properties are a National Historic Landmark at 17–19 and 21 Seventh Street in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Originally two structures, one dating to the 1820s and an 1857 house joined with the older one shortly after construction. They have since been restored and now house the New Bedford Historical Society. The two properties are significant for their association with leading members of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts, and as the only surviving residence in New Bedford (out of three known) of Frederick Douglass. Nathan and Polly Johnson were free African-Americans who are known to have sheltered escaped slaves using the Underground Railroad from 1822 on. Both were also successful in local business; Nathan as a [caterer] and Polly as a confectioner.
Description
The Johnson properties consist of two buildings, one built as a residence, the other as a Quaker meetinghouse. The meetinghouse, at 17–19 Seventh Street, is a -story wood-frame structure, six bays wide, with a gable roof, and rests on a brick foundation. Built in 1785, it originally stood where the present brick meetinghouse stands, and was moved when the new one was built c. 1823. This building was purchased by Nathan Johnson in 1832 and converted to residential use. Its main entrance is via a pair of doors inside an enclosed porch that projects on the east side (front) of the main block. A two-story ell extends to the west (rear) of the building. The building's interior has woodwork dating to the early 19th century, including a staircase with elaborately turned newel posts. One noteworthy feature of the interior is a trapdoor in the attic, which leads to a large space between the attic and the high ceilings of the first floor. This space has long been theorized to house fugitive slaves, but no evidence has been uncovered to support the idea.
The Johnson House, at 21 Seventh Street, appears to be composed of two separate structures which have been joined. The front block is a -story wood-frame structure, three bays wide, with a front-gable roof, and rests on a high brick foundation. It has some Greek Revival styling, including corner pilasters and gable returns, but its entrance porch is a later Victorian style. The entry is an eight-panel door, flanked by sidelight windows and topped by a transom. A basement entrance stands below the center bay of the house. Windows are rectangular sash on the first two levels and at the basement level, and there are a pair of round-arch Italianate windows in the attic level. This block appears to have been built in 1857, when Polly Johnson (in Nathan's absence) sought permission to move the original older house to the back of the lot. The rear ell, estimated to have been built about 1800, is a two-story structure with a steeply pitched roof. A c. 1970s shed-roof addition further extends the house to the west (rear).
History
Nathan Johnson was born a free person of color in Philadelphia, and married Mary ("Polly") Durfee of New Bedford in 1819. The couple were in the employ of Charles Waln Morgan, a prominent whaling captain, as domestic servants in the 1820s, and were soon involved in the abolitionist cause. By 1845 the Johnsons had enough success in business that they owned the lot including these two buildings and an adjacent one (then numbered 23 Seventh Street, but no longer standing) which they used as a shop. In the 1850s Johnson was one of the wealthiest African Americans in the city. He was politically active in both organizations of African Americans and those involved in the abolitionist cause. Since New Bedford was a busy port doing business with southern states, it was a regular target for fleeing slaves, and Johnson is documented to have sheltered fugitives in his properties. He most famously gave shelter to Frederick Douglass, the escaped slave who credits Johnson with giving him the last name by which he is now widely known. Although Douglass lived only a short time at Johnson's home, it is the only one of his three residences in New Bedford to survive.
The house at 21 Seventh Street is now the home of the New Bedford Historical Society, and is open for tours by appointment. The two properties were designated a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. The properties are also contributing elements to the local County Street Historic District.
See also
List of Underground Railroad sites
List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places listings in New Bedford, Massachusetts
References
External links
New Bedford Historical Society
Houses in Bristol County, Massachusetts
National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
Houses on the Underground Railroad
Frederick Douglass
Pre-emancipation African-American history
Greek Revival houses in Massachusetts
History of Bristol County, Massachusetts
Houses completed in 1829
Houses completed in 1857
Buildings and structures in New Bedford, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in New Bedford, Massachusetts
Historic district contributing properties in Massachusetts
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Bristol County, Massachusetts
1829 establishments in Massachusetts |
40829394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20B.%20Dolphin | Charles B. Dolphin | Charles Brammall Dolphin (March 3, 1888 – June 28, 1969) was a British-Canadian architect who designed various buildings in Toronto, most notably the Toronto Postal Delivery Building (now incorporated into the Scotiabank Arena).
Born in Ashton-under-Lyne, England, Dolphin immigrated to Canada.
He was married to Doris Alexandrine Stovel and had several children: William (died as infant), Flight Lieutenant Douglas Dolphin, RCAF (d. 1944) and Nancy Jane Dolphin (1937–2002), Robert Dolphin and Shirley Dolphin.
He died in Toronto in 1969.
Portfolio
William McBrien Building (1900 Yonge Street) 1957–1958 – International Style office tower
Toronto Postal Delivery Building 1947 – most of original Art Deco was building demolished with only portions of the south & east facades remaining
The Clarendon (2 Clarendon Avenue) 1926–1927 – Tudor Revival apartments
Bloor-Yonge (TTC) subway station (20 Bloor Street East) 1954
Consumers Gas Showroom (2532 Yonge Street) 1930–1932 Art Deco building restored by ERA Architects.
Arthur Meighen Building (Postal Station Q 25 St Clair Ave East) 1954
Toronto Coach Terminal (610 Bay Street) 1931–1932; altered 1990
St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Port Credit (24 Stavenbank Road) 1926–1927
Toronto Ski Club clubhouse (near 11901 Yonge Street), Richmond Hill, Ontario 1930
Personal
Dolphin was married to Doris Alexandrine LeGendre Stovel had several children (Nancy Jane Dolphin (1937–2002), William Dolphin, Flight Lieutenant Douglas Dolphin (d. 1944), Robert Dolphin and Shirley Dolphin).
References
1888 births
1969 deaths
Canadian architects
20th-century English architects
People from Ashton-under-Lyne
British emigrants to Canada |
54024655 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuanling%20station | Yuanling station | Yuanling station () is a station on Line 9 of the Shenzhen Metro. It opened on 28 October 2016.
Station layout
Exits
References
Shenzhen Metro stations
Railway stations in Guangdong
Futian District
Luohu District
Railway stations in China opened in 2016 |
32381733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reza%20Khodadadi | Reza Khodadadi | Dr. Reza Khodadadi (Persian in رضا خدادادی born Ardabil) (born 26 February 1961) is an Iranian contemporary artist, academic, painter, sculptor, urban artist, and muralist. He has a PhD in Art Research; and is a Professor of Art at the Tehran University of Art and the President of Farabi International Campus. He lives and works in Tehran.
He is the author of Mural Techniques book and another eight books in the field of public art and murals, titled Rules and Regulations Urban Beautification.
Books
"Mural Techniques" Publisher: Sepand Minooand and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 21: Ideation, Drawing and Implementation of Murals" Publisher: Sepand Minoo and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 22: Mosaic Murals" Publisher: Sepand Minoo and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume, 23: MOARAQ Murals " Publisher: Sepand Minooand and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 24: HAFT RANG (Painted Tile) Murals" Publisher: Sepand Minooand and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 25: Broken Tile Murals " Publisher: Sepand Minooand and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 26: Clay Relife Murals" Published by: Sepand Minooand and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 27:"Stone Relief Murals " Publisher: Sepand Minooand and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, volume 28: Concrete Murals" Publisher: Sepand Minoo and the Beautification Organization of Tehran
The Scientific Observer the Book of "Urban Furniture Coloring Guide", Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, the Beautification Organization of Tehran
The Scientific Observer the Book of "Preparing the pre-Painting Surfaces" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification. the Beautification Organization of Tehran
The scientific observer of the book "Applying the cover in painting the surfaces" Urban Rules and Regulations of the Beautification, the Beautification Organization of Tehran.
Research projects
Research project study "Art Events of Iran in Calendar ", University of Art Complex (Art University) 1990
Application research project "Design and Manufacturing of "Bafg / Bandar Abbas Railway", Ministry of Railways,1994
Application research project for "Design and Manufacturing of the "Mashhad / Sarakhs Railways", Ministry of Roads of the Railway Administration, 1996
Application research project "Design and Manufacturing of "Karkheh dam" with pneumatic movable components - Ministry of Energy / Karkhe Dam 1999-2000
"Design and Manufacturing "Contemporary Indian Art ", Institute of Visual Arts / Tehran Museum of Contemporary Arts 2000
Research project study “ Murals of Tehran: musts and musts not”, The Beautification Organization of Tehran, 2013
Author several scientific articles and essays.
Various lectures at universities and scientific and cultural centers.
Judging and evaluating of research projects, articles and books.
Associations
Secretary of the “New Thought Segment” the Tehran Beautification Organization.
Member of Iranian Association of Official Experts
Expert of Association of Official in Art affairs Member of Iranian Association of Official Experts
Honorary Member of Institute for Promotion of Contemporary Visual Art, Iran.
Member of Scientific Committee and Jury of 2nd Iranian Lighting Design Conference and Professional Lighting Convention.
Member of Scientific Committee and Jury of the 23rd International Exhibition of Home Furniture.(Tehran International Permanent Fairground).
Member of Jury “The first National Award for Best Furniture ”(PFN AWARD 2014).
Exhibitions
He has had several solo exhibitions in Golestan Gallery, Barg Gallery, Haft Samar Gallery, Mah Art Gallery, Hoor Art Gallery and Boom Art Gallery. He has participated in over 140 domestic and foreign collective exhibitions. He has 25 paintings, sculptures and reliefs in museums.
See also
Islamic art
Iranian art
Islamic calligraphy
List of Iranian artists
References
External links
boom gallery
saatchionline
pictify Biography, Selected Works
art-3000Biography, Selected Works
absolutearts
Mah Art Gallery
iransculpture.ir
blackbook.ir
1961 births
Living people
Abstract painters
Contemporary painters
Iranian Azerbaijani academics
Iranian Azerbaijani painters
Iranian contemporary artists
Tehran University of Art faculty
Iranian sculptors
People from Ardabil |
62529164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casarabe | Casarabe | Casarabe is a village in the Beni Department of northern Bolivia.
References
Populated places in Beni Department |
9100368 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20PGA%20Tour%20of%20Australasia | 2006 PGA Tour of Australasia | The 2006 PGA Tour of Australasia was a series of men's professional golf events played mainly in Australia and New Zealand. The main tournaments on the PGA Tour of Australasia are played in the southern summer so they are split between the first and last months of the year. The tour's developmental series, known as the Von Nida Tour was played in the middle of the year.
Schedule
The table below shows the 2006 schedule. It only lists official money events on the main tour. For a complete table of events recognised by the PGA Tour of Australasia, including Von Nida Tour events and World Golf Championships see the official site.
Source:
Leading money winners
Source:
Von Nida Tour
The Von Nida Tour consisted of 11 tournaments, all played in Australia. Prize money for each event was between A$100,000 and 125,000.
Order of Merit leaders
Marc Leishman won the Order of Merit, with Cameron Percy second. The leading five are given below.
References
External links
PGA Tour of Australasia
Australasia
PGA Tour of Australasia
PGA Tour of Australasia |
67379209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball%20Pond%2C%20Connecticut | Ball Pond, Connecticut | Ball Pond is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of New Fairfield, Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the southwest part of the town, with the pond of the same name in the central part of the CDP. The community is bordered to the south by Taylor Corners and to the west by Putnam Lake in Putnam County, New York.
Ball Pond was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
References
Census-designated places in Fairfield County, Connecticut
Census-designated places in Connecticut |
21955620 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diring | Diring | Diring may refer to:
Diring, Khoptoginsky Nasleg, Churapchinsky District, Sakha Republic, a village (selo) in Khoptoginsky Nasleg of Churapchinsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia
Diring, Tyolyoysky Nasleg, Churapchinsky District, Sakha Republic, a village (selo) in Tyolyoysky Nasleg of Churapchinsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia |
21193683 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Fry%20%28footballer%29 | Chris Fry (footballer) | Christopher David Fry (born 23 October 1969) is a Welsh former professional footballer.
Career
Born in Cardiff, Fry began his career at his hometown club Cardiff City, making his debut at the end of the 1988–89 season. Over the next few years, despite playing over 50 times, he struggled to establish himself in the side and more than half of his appearances were as a substitute, with his only goal for the club scored during the 1989–90 season in a 2–2 draw with Brentford. In August 1991 he was allowed to leave the club to sign for Hereford United. He spent just over two season at the club, playing over 100 times, when he was signed by Colchester United where he went on to become an established regular in the side, including winning the club's player of the year award in the 1996–97 season.
Fry left Colchester in 1997 and spent two years at Exeter City before dropping out of league football with spells at Welsh sides Barry Town, Haverfordwest County and Llanelli.
Honours
Club
Colchester United
Football League Trophy Runner-up (1): 1996–97
Individual
Colchester United Player of the Year (1): 1997
References
External links
Welsh Premier profile
1969 births
Living people
Footballers from Cardiff
Cardiff City F.C. players
Hereford United F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Exeter City F.C. players
Cheltenham Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Association football wingers
Welsh footballers
Llanelli Town A.F.C. players
Haverfordwest County A.F.C. players
Barry Town United F.C. players |
6632114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/And%20We%20Are%20Bled%20of%20Color | And We Are Bled of Color | And We Are Bled of Color was the first full-length album from the
band Stutterfly. This album features 13 tracks. The single from the album, "Gun in Hand", was featured on the House of Wax soundtrack, and the Warped Tour 2004 Compilation Album.
Track listing
"Dead Eyes" - 3:30
"Where Angels Fell" - 3:17
"Gun in Hand" - 3:29
"Fire Whispers" - 2:52
"Bury Me (The Scarlet Path)" - 3:04
"Silent Scream" - 3:20
"Burnt Memories" - 3:23
"The Breath" - 3:03
"Formula of Flesh" - 4:12
"The Sun Bleeds Red" - 2:53
"Shallow Reasons" - 3:02
"Life's Disease" - 3:24
"Flames Adorn the Silence" - 4:35
Personnel
Chris Stickney - lead vocals
Bradyn Byron - rhythm guitar, vocals
Jordan Chase - bass guitar, vocals
Jason Ciolli - lead guitar
Ryan Loerke - drums, percussion
References
Stutterfly albums
2005 albums
Albums produced by Ulrich Wild |
68261048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963%20Delaware%20State%20Hornets%20football%20team | 1963 Delaware State Hornets football team | The 1963 Delaware State Hornets football team represented Delaware State College—now known as Delaware State University—as a member of the Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association (CIAA) in the 1963 NCAA College Division football season. Led by coach Roy D. Moore in his fourth season, the Hornets compiled a 2–5–1 record, 1–5 in their conference. The final game of the season, against , was canceled following the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
Schedule
References
Delaware State
Delaware State Hornets football seasons
Delaware State Hornets football |
51343092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matador%20Content | Matador Content | Matador Content (also known as Matador) is an American production company founded in 2013 by Jay Peterson and Todd Lubin. The company produces feature films, unscripted television, scripted television and digital programming. Some of Matador's television series include the AMC series Geeking Out, the GSN series Hellevator, the A&E series Epic Ink, Cement Heads, and Country Bucks, the Lifetime (TV network) series Project Runway: Fashion Startup, the History (U.S. TV channel) series Great Minds with Dan Harmon, the Syfy series Cosplay Melee, and the Discovery Channel series The Impossible Row. Matador's scripted programming includes the Emmy Award winning Netflix Original series The Who Was? Show, and Viceland's first scripted series What Would Diplo Do? starring James Van Der Beek.
Matador also produces the larger than life talent show Go-Big Show for TBS, The Kids Tonight Show for Peacock (streaming service), the Apple TV+ series Dear... (TV series), the Disney Channel series Disney Fam Jam hosted by Ariel Martin, Trevor Tordjman, and Phil Wright, the ABC series Boy Band (TV series) hosted by Rita Ora, the Emmy Award nominated Paramount Network series Lip Sync Battle hosted by LL Cool J and Chrissy Teigen, and the kid centric spin-off Lip Sync Battle Shorties on Nickelodeon hosted by Nick Cannon and JoJo Siwa.
Matador's feature film credits include the Emmy Award nominated HBO documentary Banksy Does New York, which premiered at DOC NYC in 2014, Hurricane of Fun: The Making of Wet Hot, a behind-the-scenes look at the 2001 cult indie film Wet Hot American Summer, Give Me Future, which documented Major Lazer's groundbreaking 2016 concert in Havana, Cuba, Wig (film), the HBO documentary that explores the history of Wigstock, and Billie Eilish: The World's a Little Blurry, the 2021 documentary centered around singer-songwriter Billie Eilish.
Partnerships and Acquisition
In 2014, Matador Content formed a joint venture with Untitled Entertainment, the management company behind Jared Leto, Penélope Cruz and Naomi Watts.
In 2017, Matador Content signed a multi-year production and development deal with Little Creatures, the production company founded by R. J. Cutler and Jane Cha. Later that year, Matador inked a multi-project deal with Bold Soul Studios to develop scripted content.
In 2018, Matador Content was acquired by Boat Rocker Media, a Toronto-based global entertainment company that creates, produces and distributes premium content and brands for all platforms.
References
External links
Official website
Television production companies of the United States
American companies established in 2013
Mass media companies established in 2013
2018 mergers and acquisitions
Film production companies of the United States
American subsidiaries of foreign companies |
31627598 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%20U.S.%20Figure%20Skating%20Championships | 2013 U.S. Figure Skating Championships | The 2013 U.S. Figure Skating Championships was the national figure skating championships of the United States for the 2012–13 season.
The event was held at the CenturyLink Center Omaha in Omaha, Nebraska on January 19–27, 2013. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing at the senior, junior and novice levels. For the first time, the event was expanded to include juvenile and intermediate level competitions, previously held at a separate event. The results are part of the U.S. selection criteria for the 2013 World Junior Championships, 2013 Four Continents Championships and 2013 World Championships.
Overview
The 2013 event was the second time that Omaha hosted the U.S. Championships. Competitors qualified at the Eastern, Midwestern, or Pacific Coast Sectional Championships or earned a bye.
Defending champion Jeremy Abbott won the men's short program, with Ross Miner in second and Joshua Farris in third. Max Aaron placed first in the free skate, Miner was second, and Abbott third. Aaron won gold, his first senior national medal, Miner took silver, Abbott the bronze, and Farris the pewter medal.
Defending champion Ashley Wagner was first in the ladies' short program, followed by Agnes Zawadzki and Mirai Nagasu. Gracie Gold won the long program and rose from 9th to claim the silver medal, while Wagner was second in the segment but first overall and won her second national title. Bronze medalist Zawadzki's combined score kept her on the podium and Courtney Hicks took the pewter medal.
None of the top three partnerships from 2012 competed in the pairs event, Denney / Coughlin being absent due to Coughlin's surgery and the other two pairs having split. Longtime pair Marissa Castelli / Simon Shnapir won the short program ahead of relatively new teams Felicia Zhang / Nathan Bartholomay and Alexa Scimeca / Christopher Knierim. Castelli / Shnapir were third in the free skate but remained first in the overall standings and took their first national title, while silver went to Scimeca / Knierim and bronze to Zhang / Bartholomay.
Defending champions Meryl Davis / Charlie White were first in the short dance ahead of Madison Chock / Evan Bates and Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani. The standings were the same in the free dance. Davis / White won their fifth national title, Chock / Bates took silver, their first time on the podium as a team, the Shibutanis settled for bronze, and Madison Hubbell / Zachary Donohue took the pewter medal.
Vincent Zhou, Shotaro Omori, Nathan Chen, and Jimmy Ma were the medalists in the junior men's event. Polina Edmunds, Mariah Bell, Barbie Long, and Karen Chen were the junior ladies' medalists. Britney Simpson / Matthew Blackmer, Jessica Calalang / Zack Sidhu, Madeline Aaron / Max Settlage, and Chelsea Liu / Devin Perini were the junior pairs' medalists. Alexandra Aldridge / Daniel Eaton, Kaitlin Hawayek / Jean-Luc Baker, Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter, and Holly Moore / Daniel Klaber were the medalists in the junior ice dancing event.
Tomoki Hiwatashi, Oleksiy Melnyk, Nicholas Vrdoljak, and Daniel Samohin were the novice men's medalists. Tyler Pierce, Amy Lin, Bradie Tennell, and Morgan Flood were the novice ladies' medalists. Christina Zaitsev / Ernie Stevens won the novice pairs' title. Chloe Lewis / Logan Bye won the novice ice dancing title.
Attendance was 90,760.
Senior results
Senior men
Senior ladies
Senior pairs
Senior ice dancing
Junior results
Junior men
Junior ladies
Junior pairs
Junior ice dancing
Novice results
Novice men
Novice ladies
Novice pairs
Novice ice dancing
Intermediate results
Intermediate men
Intermediate ladies
Intermediate pairs
Intermediate ice dancing
Juvenile results
Juvenile boys
Juvenile girls
Juvenile pairs
Juvenile ice dancing
International assignments
U.S. Figure Skating announced international assignments on January 27, 2013.
Four Continents Championships
World Junior Championships
World Championships
References
External links
2013 United States Figure Skating Championships results at U.S. Figure Skating
2013
Sports in Omaha, Nebraska
2013 in figure skating
2013 in American sports
January 2013 sports events in the United States |
18836777 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta%20Q%C9%99rv%C9%99nd | Orta Qərvənd | Orta Qərvənd (also, Orta-Karvend) is a village in the Agdam Rayon of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Qərvənd. A 9 year old resident of Orta Qərvənd was shot by the Armenian sniper on March 8, 2011. The Armenian armed forces shot him from the direction of Şıxlar village while he was playing in the yard.
References
Populated places in Agdam District |
61738453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2b2t | 2b2t | 2builders2tools (2b2t) is a Minecraft server founded in December 2010. 2b2t is the oldest anarchy server in Minecraft, as well as one of the oldest running Minecraft servers of any variety. Additionally, 2b2t's world is one of the longest-running server maps in the game, which has never been reset since its creation. As the server has virtually no rules or authority, griefing and hacking are common amongst players, with no risk of getting banned.
The server is permanently set to hard difficulty and player versus player combat is enabled throughout. The server has seen over 724,000 players explore its procedurally generated map, increasing its file size to over 13.3 terabytes. 2b2t has been described in news media as the worst Minecraft server due to its playerbase and culture.
History
Founding
In a Rock, Paper, Shotgun article by Brendan Caldwell, 2b2t player James Rustles stated about the server's origin:
The 2b2t Minecraft server was founded in December 2010. The founders are anonymous, choosing to remain unknown or known only via usernames; the most prominent founder is commonly referred to as "Hausemaster" or "Hausmaster", who was described as "a quasi-mythical figure both praised and trolled" by Roisin Kiberd from Newsweek. After being asked by Vice journalist Andrew Paul via email in 2015, the server operator stated:
The server was advertised shortly after its creation on online forums such as 4chan, Facepunch Studios, and Reddit, whose users populated the server by the hundreds due to the total freedom it offered. Members from different forums raided each other and their bases on the server. The founders eventually stopped playing Minecraft, though the server remained online due to the large player base that had been formed. Except in fixing game-breaking exploits, the server operator is relatively hands-off in administrating the server. A subreddit was created by a player on March 25, 2012. In early 2013, the file size of 2b2t's world map, which is procedurally generated, was reported to be over 500 gigabytes. This increased to almost one terabyte by late 2015, costing a month to maintain.
New player influx
On June 1, 2016, YouTuber "TheCampingRusher" uploaded a YouTube video of himself playing on 2b2t. This caused a massive influx of new players from the channel's audience, who were at first mostly tourists, as the video gained over two million views in less than four months from its upload. The sudden influx overwhelmed the server and strained the hardware used to host and run it. A loose group of older players came together against these new players.
Although the new players, who called themselves "Rushers", largely outnumbered the older players at the time, the older players had years of experience and resources. Some older players deterred new players by destroying the spawn-in area to make it uninhabitable and extremely challenging to proceed from. Some players built in-game contraptions designed solely to overload the server, with the intent of making it difficult for TheCampingRusher and his fans to play on it. Some placed obscene content around the spawn area and along player-built roads to get TheCampingRusher's YouTube videos taken down due to violations of YouTube's terms of service.
The new players, despite having been discouraged to do so by TheCampingRusher, had destroyed bases and monuments on the server that had stood for years, which is partially what had caused such a response from the player base. When Kiberd from Newsweek asked Hausemaster if he disapproved of the massive influx of new players, he responded by saying that "2b2t is definitely not ruined—in my opinion it's how it should be: absolutely chaotic."
In response to the inundated server and hardware, a queue to enter the server was added. The queue gave earlier 2b2t players priority over newer players, although this feature was removed after a year. The regular queue moves slowly and can contain over a thousand players. Waiting in the queue has been described as an onerous task. Players can pay to access a separate "priority" queue for one month.
Nocom exploit
In 2018, a group of players called Nerds Inc. discovered a bug in 2b2t's server software that allowed players to query far-away terrain, which players cannot normally view. The loading of huge areas of terrain puts a heavy workload on the server, which Nerds Inc. used to repeatedly crash the server. This was done with the intent to incite a vulnerable bug fix into 2b2t's upstream server software (PaperMC), which now only responded to the querying of far-away terrain if it was already loaded, i.e., proximate to a player. The developers inadvertently gave anyone aware of the vulnerability the ability to test if any given area in the game world contained a player, and to read that area if so. Nerds Inc. could now locate all online players and remotely observe the terrain around players in real-time, including valuable storage of in-game items and player-built constructions.
Correlating the coinciding timing of player join/disconnect notices and the loading/unloading of locations let Nerds Inc. tell where specific players stood, not just that a player was there. The exploit became more effective with an adaptive tracking system programmed by a member of Nerds Inc., predicting the paths individual players would take using Monte Carlo localization. The data gathered amassed about 2 terabytes during the 3 years of tracking terrain, paths, and base locations.
One group that shared members with Nerds Inc. was supplied with the locations of numerous bases which they raided, looting 200 million in-game items. They kept the exploit secret, creating fake stories behind the destruction of bases and gaslighting. They named the exploit "Nocom", short for "no comment". In 2021, another group called Infinity Incursion independently created a more primitive version of the Nocom exploit, and, with their less concealed use of the exploit that included tracking YouTuber FitMC on the server, other groups started learning about the exploit by June 2021. On July 15, 2021, server admin Hausemaster implemented changes to 2b2t that patched the exploit. The exploit resulted in many bases and in-game item stashes being raided or destroyed, with a total of 15,000 bases being discovered by Nocom.
Culture
The culture of 2b2t, as well as Minecraft anarchy servers in general, is inhospitable and nihilistic. Players usually need to hide supplies and be well armed to survive and can expect to be killed several times. This is exacerbated by the server being set to hard difficulty and player versus player combat being enabled, making survival considerably harder. Longtime players are often hostile to new players on the server, whom they often call "newfags". The server-wide chat often contains spam, trolling, and trash talking, as well as racial slurs, death threats, and Nazi propaganda. Links to obscene content and screamer videos are also common. Players lie to others with the intent of sending them to in-game locations with traps. A common rule among players is to not trust others.
Traps are deliberately placed surrounding the area where players first join the server: pits of lava, areas lit on fire, and portals that lead to lava or enclosed areas of obsidian that force players to disconnect and reconnect, waiting through the queue again. Some players create large obstacles called "lavacasts", in which water and lava are repeatedly poured down staircases of stone, creating mountains of jagged cobblestone. These structures surround the spawn area, and many are as tall as the map's height limit. There have occasionally been events in which dozens of players come together to take control of spawn for a time to build a large base, kill many new players, or destroy other bases, which are most often referred to as "spawn incursions". Inexperienced players may need many attempts and multiple hours to escape the spawn area, where resources have been consumed for thousands of blocks in any direction. The most common cause of death is starvation from being unable to escape the spawn area. A player may last around 1,500 blocks of travel without food before dying of starvation. Roisin Kiberd of Newsweek speculated that enduring the challenge may be part of the appeal of 2b2t: since "nobody survives for long, there is a pride in having died there."
Experienced players reside far away from the spawn area in relative safety to play the game and build. The map is less destroyed further away from spawn, allowing for trees and animals. Player-built roads are used to travel out from spawn. The server has no etiquette regarding ownership; anything that is built can be destroyed at any time if found by other players. This destruction, known as griefing, is so commonplace on the server that Brendan Caldwell of Rock, Paper, Shotgun described it as being "just a form of weather". Despite this culture of hostility and destruction, there is an event every April Fools' Day in which the server changes to a different map for a few days and players can come together and cooperate.
Players often use a "hacked client", which is an altered version of Minecraft featuring abilities that are not in the default game client, such as X-ray vision, improved bow aim, and radar. These clients help immensely in allowing the player to navigate the environment and survive. Players without these clients are at a disadvantage.
Reception
Both Robert Guthrie of Kotaku and Andrew Paul of Vice have called 2b2t the worst server in Minecraft. Paul described the server as a "fantastical world of possibility and horror." Brendan Caldwell of Rock, Paper, Shotgun described 2b2t as the game's "most obscene server." In June 2012, Craig Pearson of PCGamesN called it Minecrafts most offensive server, noting 2b2t's callousness and obscenity in the form of language, swastikas, and its hostile player base. In 2013, a PCGamesN article by Jeremy Peel announced Minecrafts built-in server hosting service, Minecraft Realms, and mentioned that it would keep children away from 2b2t, an implication of the server's unsafe environment. In 2014, Tim Edwards wrote in a PCGamesN article addressing Microsoft about their purchase of Minecraft that they shouldn't get "prissy" about player-made creations, stating that "2b2t is still an amazing achievement, with or without the swastikas."
In 2016, on both Newsweek and The Independent, Roisin Kiberd described 2b2t as a malevolent form of Minecraft, a place of beauty and terror. Kiberd called the server "hell", stating that it is "not safe for life", as the server gives "free rein to [players'] darkest impulses." Kiberd concluded that the main appeal of playing on the server comes from learning the possibilities of a server with few limits, as well as enduring its hostile environment. Kiberd also noted that there is a so-called "meta-narrative" above 2b2t, involving players using YouTube and Reddit to share analysis and commentary about in-server events. A 2013 IGN article and video listed 2b2t's spawn area as one of the six best things in Minecraft, describing the server as the "end boss" of Minecraft servers, a celebration of destruction and indifference. The article noted 2b2t's propensity towards griefing, the use of hacked clients, and player-built obscenities; and stated that players with thick skin should visit 2b2t at least once.
From September 8, 2018, to February 24, 2019, 2b2t was featured in the Videogames: Design/Play/Disrupt exhibition of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. The exhibition aimed to explore video games and their designing process, as well as how they captivate players and the social and ethical issues around them. Minecraft was heavily featured in the third section of the exhibition, which focused on games in which players "become creators and designers themselves, often as part of large online communities". 2b2t represented this aspect of Minecraft, which exhibited alongside 15 other video games. The server was described as "littered with archaeological remnants of its history... a palimpsest of a landscape, written over and re-written over by feuds between players, hacks injecting vast structures into the world, and by different waves of Internet communities arriving and rampaging or attempting to settle within it."
2b2t also featured in an episode of the Swedish podcast P3 Spel (P3 Games) of Sveriges Radio, which described 2b2t as Minecrafts "most talked-about" server, and how, throughout its history, it has become the "witch's cauldron of chaos" it is today.
Books
In Introduction to Game Design, Prototyping, and Development, published by Pearson Education in August 2017, 2b2t was described as being a "barren hellscape", with its nature being the "ultimate expression of the core mechanic of the game," referring to Minecrafts open-ended sandbox nature. The Ultimate Minecraft Creator, published by Triumph Books in July 2014, stated that despite 2b2t's offensive language and behavior, griefing, and cheating, the server can be fun for some players:
Master Builder 3.0 Advanced and Ultimate Guide to Mastering Minigames and Servers, published by Triumph Books in April 2015 and April 2016 respectively, both stated that 2b2t "sits among online royalty when it comes to public [Minecraft] servers."
Renders
Notes
References
External links
Official website (archived)
Official subreddit
Minecraft servers
2010 works
Internet properties established in 2010 |
51128164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cissarobryon | Cissarobryon | Cissarobryon is a flowering plant genus in the family Francoaceae.
References
External links
Cissarobryon at Tropicos.org (retrieved 21 July 2016)
Geraniales genera
Francoaceae
Taxa named by Eduard Friedrich Poeppig |
22263126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Garbh%20Maclean%2C%207th%20Laird%20of%20Coll | John Garbh Maclean, 7th Laird of Coll | John Garbh Maclean, 7th Laird of Coll was a Scottish official who lived in the 17th century.
Biography
He succeeded to the estates of his father, was a man of great wisdom and piety, a lover of men, and given to hospitality. He was a composer of music and a performer on the harp and fife. Two of his compositions, Caoineadh Rioghail, the Royal Lament, and Toum Murron, are referred to in earlier works. The former, supposedly a lament for the execution of King Charles I of England in 1649, is preserved in Angus Fraser's manuscripts. Of the latter tune, Toum Murron, no trace seems to now exist.
The following anecdote has been handed down concerning him:
A captain, Wirttus, master of an English vessel, was wrecked on the island, and started for Coll's castle, where, seeing the laird sitting with a bible in one hand, and a harp placed by his side, was so struck by the venerable appearance of the old gentleman and his occupation, that he exclaimed with admiration, "Is this king David again restored to earth?"
He was very temperate, as appears from his refusing to visit a friend of his in the isle of Skye, who promised to give up the evidence of a debt he had against the family if he would come but one night to his house and make merry with him. Coll's friends urged him to go, but he replied that he would not become intoxicated once for any consideration, which, if he went, he could not evade without disobliging his friend. This temperance and his piety were exhibited during the whole course of his life.
He was first married to Florence, daughter of Sir Dugald Campbell of Auchnabreck, by whom he had:
Hector Roy Maclean, The eldest son, Hector Roy, married Marian, daughter of Hector Maclean, 2nd Laird of Torloisk. He died before his father, leaving issue two sons, Lachlan Maclean, 8th Laird of Coll and Donald, and four daughters. Margaret, married first to Allan Stewart of Appin, and afterward to Donald MacLean of Kingerloch; Catherine, married to Hector MacLean of isle of Muck; Jannet, married to Hector, fifth son of Charles MacLean of Ardnacross; and Una, married to John MacLean of Achanasaul.
Others were John of Totaranald, Hugh, killed at Inverkeithing, Florence, married to Donald Maclean, 1st Laird of Brolas, Jannet, married to Alexander MacDonald of Achdir, and Una, first married to John MacLean of Kinlochaline, and again to Duncan Stewart of Ardshie.
He was a second time married to Florence, daughter of the second Hector Og Maclean, by whom he had one daughter:
Catherine, married to Lachlan MacQuarrie of Ulva.
References
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
John Garbh
John Garbh |
45123751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honolulu%20Lulu | Honolulu Lulu | "Honolulu Lulu" is a song written by Jan Berry and Roger Christian, and Lou Adler for the American rock band Jan and Dean. It was the second hit single from their 1963 album Surf City And Other Swingin' Cities, charting at number 58 on the Billboard Hot 100.
It was also included later on their 1966 album Filet of Soul.
Performers
Jan Berry: Lead vocals
Dean Torrence: Backing vocals and harmonies
References
Jan and Dean songs
Songs written by Roger Christian (songwriter)
1963 singles
Songs written by Jan Berry
1963 songs
Liberty Records singles
Songs written by Lou Adler |
51989268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahluke%20Slope | Wahluke Slope | Wahluke Slope is a geographic feature in Grant, Benton and Adams Counties of Eastern Washington. It is a broad, south-facing slope with a grade of about 8%, situated between the Saddle Mountains and the Columbia River's Hanford Reach. It has been described as "basically a 13-mile-wide gravel bar" created by the Glacial Lake Missoula floods at the end of the last ice age about 15,000 years ago. Much of the Slope, part of the Hanford Nuclear Reservation, was added to the Saddle Mountain National Wildlife Refuge in 1999. Much of the remainder is used for viniculture.
Human use
Washington State Route 24 extends from Mattawa, Washington on the western edge of the Slope nearly due east–west. Mattawa is the only population center on the Slope. There was once a town of Wahluke and a Wahluke ferry that crossed the Columbia to the north of White Bluffs. The land was acquired by the U.S. government for the Hanford Nuclear Reservation and the residents, including Wanapum people, ordered to leave in 1943. In two actions in 1953 and 1958 the Atomic Energy Commission returned almost to public use, mostly for agriculture with irrigation recently provided by Columbia Basin Project sources. Settlement on the Slope by non-Native Americans has been termed as troubled, initially due to lack of water, then later by the Federal Government's land policies, resulting in "sporadic" growth of the town of Mattawa.
Nuclear concerns
The potential for release of nuclear contaminants into the Slope in the event of a nuclear accident, and the historical atmospheric releases in the ranges of many Curies per month, are of concern to modern authors on Hanford.
Viniculture
Viniculture is a major agricultural activity on the Slope, with nearly of vinyards.
Notes
References
External links
Wahluke Slope map and discussion at Wines Northwest
Hills of Washington (state)
Landforms of Adams County, Washington
Landforms of Benton County, Washington
Landforms of Grant County, Washington |
24143092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azor%20Betts | Azor Betts | Azor Betts (September 13, 1740 – September 14, 1809) was an American Loyalist doctor who began his practice in the Province of New York before the American Revolutionary War. His staunch defense of smallpox inoculation and support of the Loyalist cause led to his arrest and eventual departure to Canada.
Life before the Revolution
Azor Betts was born on September 13, 1740, in Norwalk, Connecticut, the son of Nathan Betts and Mary Belden. He married Gloriana Purdy in 1765 in Rye, New York, and practiced medicine in New York City prior to the Revolutionary War.
The Revolution and smallpox
The events of 1776 that began open hostility between the Continental Army and the British Army in America were tempered by outbreaks of smallpox that began the year previous. General George Washington of the Continentals ordered on May 20, 1776, that no man in his army be inoculated with smallpox, or face serious punishment. Betts first administered smallpox to members of the Continental Army mere days after the order was given, and was placed under arrest by local authorities. Testimony during a hearing on the matter before the New York Committee of Safety on May 26, 1776, was given by both Doctor Foster representing the prosecution and Betts in his defense. Doctor Foster testified that:
In his defense, Betts told the Committee that:
As a reaction to the news that Betts had performed these inoculations in New York, Washington, immediately drew up another order, this time spelling out the punishment for any soldier caught being inoculated with smallpox:
Jailed again for more smallpox inoculations, Betts became an open Loyalist, serving as both a Captain-Lieutenant in the Kings American Regiment and also as a surgeon for the Queen's Rangers. In May 1783, Betts left America for good, making his home in Kingston, New Brunswick.
Life in Canada
Soon after arriving in Kingston, Betts created isolation wards for those infected with smallpox. He continued this practice, and when the smallpox vaccine was introduced in 1802, he vaccinated local citizens free of charge.
Betts died of consumption in Digby, Nova Scotia, in 1809, one day after his 69th birthday. He is buried in the cemetery of the Trinity Anglican Church there.
The inscription on a tombstone erected and later renewed by his family cites a different date for his death and burial place. A grave stone at the Old Loyalist Burial Grounds in Saint John, New Brunswick, is inscribed "In Memory of Dr Azor Betts Died Sept 15, 1811, aged 72 years. Also his wife Gloriannah, died March 16, 1815, aged 68 years."
See also
Vaccine
Vaccination
Inoculation
History of science
References
1740 births
1809 deaths
People from Norwalk, Connecticut
United Empire Loyalists
Physicians in the American Revolution
18th-century American physicians
Loyalists in the American Revolution from Connecticut
American emigrants to pre-Confederation New Brunswick
19th-century Canadian physicians
Smallpox |
1354375 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercenary%20%28album%29 | Mercenary (album) | Mercenary is the sixth album by the British death metal band Bolt Thrower. It was recorded at Chapel Studios, Lincoln, England, December 1997 to January 1998. The album was produced by Bolt Thrower and Ewan Davis. It was released on Metal Blade Records in 1998.
The cover painting is titled "Contact – Wait Out", which is also the first track on the next album, Honour – Valour – Pride.
"Powder Burns" is a continuation of the song "Embers" from The IVth Crusade, and leads into "The Killchain" on Those Once Loyal.
Track listing
All songs written by Bolt Thrower
¹ Bonus track on digipak and Japanese version. The digipak edition contains 25 tracks of which tracks 10 to 24 are short tracks of silence.
Personnel
Bolt Thrower
Karl Willetts – vocals
Gavin Ward – rhythm guitar
Barry Thomson – rhythm and lead guitar
Jo Bench – Bass guitar
Alex Thomas – drums
Production & Miscellaneous Credits
Arranged by Bolt Thrower
Produced by Ewan Davies & Bolt Thrower
Recorded & Engineered by Ewan Davies, except "Powder Burns" (recorded & engineered by James Anderson)
Peter Archer – Front cover: sketch for "Contact – Wait Out"
Jan Meininghaus – Eye motif
Paul McHale – Chaos skull
References
1998 albums
Bolt Thrower albums
Metal Blade Records albums |
31500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turners | Turners | Turners () are members of German-American gymnastic clubs called Turnvereine. They promoted German culture, physical culture, liberal politics, and supported the Union war effort during the American Civil War. Turners, especially Francis Lieber, 1798–1872, were the leading sponsors of gymnastics as an American sport and the field of academic study.
In Germany, a major gymnastic movement was started by Turnvater ("father of gymnastics") and nationalist Friedrich Ludwig Jahn in the early 19th century when Germany was occupied by Napoleon. The Turnvereine ("gymnastic unions"; from German turnen meaning “to practice gymnastics,” and Verein meaning “club, union”) were not only athletic but also political, reflecting their origin in similar ethnocentric "national gymnastic" organizations in Europe (such as the Czech Sokol), who were participants in various national movements for independence. The Turner movement in Germany was generally liberal in nature, and many Turners took part in the Revolutions of 1848.
After the failure of the 1848 Revolution in Germany, the Turner movement was suppressed, and many Turners left Germany, some emigrating to the United States, especially to the Ohio Valley region, Wisconsin, Missouri, and Texas. Several of these Forty-Eighters went on to become Union soldiers, and some became Republican politicians. Besides serving as physical education, social, political, and cultural organizations for German immigrants, Turners were also active in public education and labor movements. They were leading promoters of gymnastics in the United States as a sport and as a school subject. In the United States, the movement declined after 1900, and especially after 1917.
History in the United States
The Turner movement was preceded by the first wave of gymnastics in the United States in the 1820s, led by Germans, such as Charles Beck and Charles Follen, and Americans, such as John Neal. Beck opened the first gymnasium in the U.S. in 1825 at the Round Hill School in Northampton, Massachusetts. Follen opened the first college gymnasium and the first public gymnasium in the States in 1826 at Harvard College and in Boston, Massachusetts, respectively. Neal was the first American to open a public gymnasium in the U.S. in Portland, Maine in 1827. He also documented and promoted these early efforts in the American Journal of Education and The Yankee, helping to establish the American branch of the movement.
The Turnvereine made a contribution to the integration of German-Americans into their new home. The organizations continue to exist in areas of heavy German immigration, such as Iowa, Texas, Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, Minnesota, Missouri, Syracuse, NY, Kentucky, New York City, Sacramento, and Los Angeles.
About 1000 Turners served as Union soldiers during the Civil War. Anti-slavery was a common element, as typified by Carl Schurz. Many Republican leaders in German communities were members. (However, most German-Americans probably were Democrats in the 19th century.) They provided the bodyguard at Abraham Lincoln's inauguration on March 4, 1861, and at his funeral in April 1865. In the Camp Jackson Affair, a large force of German volunteers helped prevent Confederate forces from seizing the government arsenal in St. Louis just prior to the beginning of the war. After the Civil War, the national organization took a new name, Nordamerikanischer Turnerbund, and supported German-language teaching in public high schools, as well as gymnastics. Women's auxiliaries were formed in the 1850s and 1860s. The high point in membership came in 1894, with 317 societies and about 40,000 adult male members, along with 25,000 children and 3000 women.
In the 1904 Olympics several competitors represented various Tuners organizations in Missouri, Illinois, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York, and some of the teams at the Olympics were sponsored by Turners organizations.
Like other German-American groups, the Turners experienced suspicion during World War I, even though they now had very little contact with Germany. German-language instruction ended at many schools and universities, and the federal government imposed restrictions on German-language publications. The younger generation generally demanded the switch to the exclusive use of English society affairs, which allowed many Turner societies to continue to function.
Cultural assimilation and both World Wars with Germany took a gradual toll on membership, with some halls closing and others becoming regular dance halls, bars, or bowling alleys. As of 2011, 54 Turner societies still existed around the U.S. The current headquarters of American Turners is in Louisville, Kentucky.
In 1948, the US Post Office issued a 3-cent commemorative stamp to mark the 100th anniversary of the movement in the country.
The Turnverein in Sacramento, founded in 1854, claims to be the oldest still in existence in the United States. The Turnverein Vorwaerts of Fort Wayne, Indiana, owned the Hugh McCulloch House from 1906 until 1966. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Gallery
Vintage photos of the Milwaukee Turnverein
Other Wisconsin Turners in 1915
Monuments in the United States
Jahn Monument in Berlin with memorial plaques from American Turnvereine
Turner Halls
See also
German-Americans in the Civil War
George Brosius
Forty-Eighters
Sokol, A comparable movement for Czechs in Central Europe (Austria-Hungary) and the United States
References
Further reading
Barney, Robert Knight. "German Turners in America: Their Role in Nineteenth Century Exercise Expression and Physical Education Legislation." in Earle F. Zeigler ed., American Sport and Physical Education History (to 1875) (1975): 116+. online
Barney, Robert Knight. "Knights of Cause and Exercise: German Forty-Eighters and Turnvereine in the United States during the Antebellum Period." Canadian Journal of History of Sport 13.2 (1982): 62-79.
Barney, Robert Knight. "America's First Turnverein: Commentary in Favor of Louisville, Kentucky." Journal of Sport History 11.1 (1984): 134-137. online
Kramer, William M., and Norton B. Stern. "The Turnverein: A German Experience for Western Jewry." Western States Jewish History 16 (1984): 227.
Metzner, Henry. A brief history of the American Turnerbund (1924) online>
Pfister, Gertrud. "The Role of German Turners in American Physical Education," International Journal of the History of Sport 26 (no. 13, 2009) 1893-925
Pumroy, Eric, and Katja Rampelmann. Research guide to the Turner movement in the United States (Greenwood, 1996).
External links
Website of the American Turners
Archives of the American Turners
American Turner Topics newsletter
Website of the Los Angeles Turners with history, photos, newsletters, and links to other Turners Organizations
The American Turners, Wilmington Records and the Roxborough Turners Records, including by-laws, correspondence, minutes and photographs, are available for research use at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
German-American history
German-American culture
German-American organizations
American Civil War political groups
Gymnastics organizations
Gymnastics in the United States
Physical culture
Politics and sports
Sports organizations established in 1848
People associated with physical culture |
65487320 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20T.%20Gallagher | Peter T. Gallagher | Peter Thomas Gallagher is an Irish astrophysicist. He specialises in solar physics, notably solar storms and their impact on the Earth. He is Senior Professor, and Head of Astronomy and Astrophysics, at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, director of Dunsink Observatory, and an adjunct professor at Trinity College Dublin. He is also the head of the radio-telescope project I-LOFAR, at Birr Castle. He is widely cited in his field and often quoted in the media.
Early life and education
Peter T. Gallagher was born to Peter (died 2003) and Patricia Gallagher, of Clontarf, a northern suburb of Dublin. He has a brother and a sister. He attended the local Belgrove Primary School, and for secondary school, the Irish Christian Brothers' O'Connell School on North Circular Road, central Dublin. His father was a fitter and service engineer with Ingersoll Rand, and father and son worked with mechanical and electrical items in the family's back garden. Gallagher pursued chemistry and technical drawing for the Irish Leaving Certificate. He played Gaelic football to minor level with Clontarf GAA, and youth and adult rugby with Clontarf Football Club, and in his teens, he played lead guitar in a heavy metal/punk band.
He was the first member of his family to attend college, pursuing a Bachelor of Science at University College Dublin, where he studied a wide range of subjects but moved to focus on physics and specifically astronomy after being given a copy of A Brief History of Time as a present. He qualified with an honours B.Sc. in Physics and Maths in 1995, and secured a place on a funded Masters course in Optoelectronics at Queen's University Belfast, qualifying first in his year, with distinction, in Optoelectronics and Image Processing in 1996. After some work in the Canary Islands, he deepened his academic focus on astronomy and pursued a funded PhD from Queen's. He received an offer to work in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge University, the department where Stephen Hawking worked, but declined this. He qualified in Astrophysics in 2000, having defended a thesis entitled Optical and EUV observations of the solar atmosphere.
Career
Gallagher worked as a postdoctoral research fellow at two astronomical facilities of the New Jersey Institute of Technology, the Owens Valley Solar Array and the Big Bear Solar Observatory, both in California, and at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center near Washington, D.C. Among other works he was able to take measurements with NASA's SOHO spacecraft. Having reached the level of Senior Scientist, he was offered a long-term NASA job, but wanted to return to Ireland, and when his wife was offered a post at University College Dublin (UCD) in 2005, they decided to move back together, even at significant reduction in pay, and he secured an initial job teaching Space Science at UCD before receiving an opportunity to head the Solar Physics & Space Weather Research Group at Trinity College Dublin (TCD) from the beginning of 2006. He worked on observations of the Sun, space weather including disruptive solar storms, and solar physics, and has been quoted by the media on these and related topics, such as the International Heliophysical Year, and certain space expeditions.
Shortly after returning to Ireland he was asked to take a key role in twin NASA solar observation flights back in the US, designed to study the massively higher temperature of the Sun's corona compared to its actual upper layers. This was due to his experience in coordinating solar observations and developing specialised image interpretation software. In 2009 he and his team participated, with the Royal Observatory of Belgium, in a satellite project, PROBA-2, to study solar storms; they wrote software for two elements. The launch was successful, and was marked by a launch party in Trinity College's Science Gallery, attended by diplomatic representatives of Belgium, and of the Russian Federation, from where the launch was made.
In 2012 he was one of the lead signatories of a letter by a group of active scientists to the Irish Times which expressed concern as to the Irish government's lack of commitment to basic research, and the implications this could have for the country and the avoidance or risk of "brain drain". In 2015 he and some colleagues attempted a solar atmosphere observation from a fixed-wing Irish Air Corps aircraft with a special camera at the time of the last solar eclipse to be visible from Europe until 2026. Also in 2015, he led the building of a magnetometer network by TCD and the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, capable of detecting solar storm activity. Professor Gallagher's group also worked with Lockheed-Martin, Eirgrid, and other companies.
In 2018 Gallagher was appointed as Senior Professor and Head of Astronomy and Astrophysics by the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS); he remains an adjunct professor at Trinity College Dublin. As part of the role, he was also appointed as Director of the historic Dunsink Observatory, owned by the State and managed by DIAS, near Dublin. He has stated that he would like to open up the observatory campus, which is near a cycling and walking "greenway" along the Royal Canal of Ireland and the River Tolka, adding a coffee shop and growing visitor numbers from 5,000 to 50,000, making it s significant tourist and cultural attraction for West Dublin.
Radio telescope projects in Ireland
Visiting Birr Castle and demesne, site of what was for decades the world's largest telescope, the Leviathan of Parsonstown, in search of a suitable site for radio-telescopy, Gallagher made an agreement with the Earl of Rosse to build a solar observatory. An initial simple vertical antenna site was made, and later elaborated and Gallagher remains director of what became the Rosse Solar Terrestrial Observatory. Birr, almost in the centre of the island and as a small town with no radio-intensive industry, was a good "quiet site" for sensitive radio-telescope instruments.
There followed a proposal by Gallagher for a major project, namely to build and integrate the Irish site of the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) major radio-telescope project, which would then run from Ireland to Laszy in eastern Poland, the addition of Ireland expanded its baseline and observational power by about 30%. He agreed the principle with Lord Rosse, then secured 50 thousand euro from Dermot Desmond, who then put him in touch with Denis O'Brien, who called and after discussion also wired a substantial contribution. Science Foundation Ireland later made a major award, of around 1.4 million euro. Multiple third-level institutions joined the project consortium, contributing around half a million euro collectively, and with other donations, such as from a local school in Birr, the project was able to proceed. The main components were delivered from the Netherlands, where LOFAR is headquartered (in Groningen), in 30 articulated trucks in summer 2016. The Irish Astronomical Association described Gallagher's role in this project as "almost single-handedly responsible for getting I-LOFAR approved, funded, designed, installed and operational" and the project itself thus: "I-LOFAR now the only astronomical facility producing top-end astronomical research results from the island of Ireland." The Irish LOFAR site was launched in July 2017, and aims included monitoring of solar activity, light waves from the early history of the universe, and potential signals from intelligent extraterrestrial sources. The I-LOFAR telescope has 3,000 antennae and 55 km of cabling, and provides opportunities for a range of PhD and post-doctoral students, as well as lecturers and professors, to advance their work.
Outreach and popular media
Gallagher has expressed a personal interest in science promotion, and has described a special interest in schools from which fewer pupils progress to the sciences. He was involved with the first exhibition of the Science Gallery at Trinity College Dublin, LIGHTWAVE, co-producing with artist Anita Hill an exhibit entitled In the Heliosphere, which allowed visitors to feel an impression of the effect of solar flares. He remains a member of the advisory and creative panel at the Science Gallery, the Leonardo Group. His team were involved with, and he commented on, the sunspotter.org public "participative science" initiative.
Gallagher featured in episode 8, related to space, of the radio series "Bright Sparks", as broadcast on RTÉ Radio 1; his wife featured in episode 2 of the same series. As Director of I-LOFAR, Gallagher also co-presented a programme, "13 Billion Miles from Birr" on RTE TV, in 2017, to mark its launch and planned work.
Academic and professional bodies
Gallagher is a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and a member of the Institute of Physics. He has been chairperson of the Astronomical Sciences Group of Ireland and vice-chairperson of the Royal Irish Academy's Astronomy and Space Research Committee.
He was elected as a member of the Solar System Working Group of the European Space Agency (ESA), dealing with mission evaluations for 2015–2025, and of the ESA's 12-member Space Science Advisory Committee from 2017 to 2019.
Recognition
In 2017, he was awarded the rank of Chevalier in the Ordre des Palmes académiques for his scientific work; this award, established by Napoleon and known as "the purple", is the oldest civilian decoration in France. His wife was made a Chevalier at the same ceremony, for her work in phylogenetics and genomics.
Publication
Gallagher has published a wide range of articles, and is, according to Scopus as of October 2020, highly cited, with a h-index of 37. His most-cited paper is "An observational overview of solar flares" in Space Science Reviews (2011), of which he was a co-author. He most-cited first-author paper is "Rapid acceleration of a coronal mass ejection in the low corona and implications for propagation" in the Astrophysical Journal Letters (2003).
Personal life
Gallagher met his future wife, Emma Teeling, in the first year of his science degree at UCD. They kept in touch while pursuing advanced studies in Belfast and elsewhere, living near Washington, D.C., for part of their time in the US, and moving back to Ireland together when Teeling received a job offer. They have two sons. The Teeling-Gallagher boys developed a Minecraft LOFAR environment which was mentioned on the websites of the European and Irish LOFAR consortia. He coaches youth rugby teams at Clontarf FC.
Footnotes
References
External links
Prof. Peter T. Gallagher, DIAS
LOFAR in Ireland – Team
Official Twitter account, with news from Dunsink too
Year of birth unknown
20th-century Irish scientists
21st-century scientists
Academics of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
Academics of Trinity College Dublin
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
Alumni of University College Dublin
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques
Directors of Dunsink Observatory
Fellows of the Royal Astronomical Society
Fellows of Trinity College Dublin
Irish physicists
Irish astronomers
Living people
People from Clontarf, Dublin
Year of birth missing (living people) |
40994749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darryl%20M.%20Scott | Darryl M. Scott | Darryl Mason Scott (born February 24, 1964) is an American politician. He was a Democratic member of the Delaware House of Representatives from 2009 to 2015, representing District 31. Scott earned a BS from Eastern Kentucky University.
Electoral history
In 2008, Scott won the general election with 4,372 votes (52.6%) against incumbent Republican Nancy Wagner, who had held the seat since 2001.
In 2010, Scott won the general election with 3,487 votes (59.1%) against Republican nominee Ronald Smith.
In 2012, Scott won the general election with 5,231 votes (62.6%) against Republican nominee Samuel Chick.
References
External links
Official page at the Delaware General Assembly
Campaign site
Place of birth missing (living people)
1964 births
Living people
Delaware Democrats
Members of the Delaware House of Representatives
Eastern Kentucky University alumni
People from Dover, Delaware |
1914144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauro%20Ant%C3%B3nio | Lauro António | Lauro António de Carvalho Torres Corado (18 August 1942 – 3 February 2022) was a Portuguese film director. His 1980 film Morning Undersea was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival where it won a Special Diploma. António died on 3 February 2022, at the age of 79.
Filmography as director
José Viana, 50 anos de carreira (1998)
O Vestido Cor de Fogo (1986)
A Bela e a Rosa (1984)
Casino Oceano (1983) (TV)
Mãe Genovena (1983)
Paisagem Sem Barcos (1983)
Manhã Submersa (1980)
O Zé-Povinho na Revolução (1978)
Bonecos de Estremoz (1978)
Vamos ao Nimas (1975)
Prefácio a Vergílio Ferreira (1975)
References
External links
1942 births
2022 deaths
Portuguese film directors
Portuguese film critics
Portuguese film producers
Portuguese dramatists and playwrights
University of Lisbon alumni
Commanders of the Order of Prince Henry
People from Lisbon |
36562505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayanna%20Alexander | Ayanna Alexander | Ayanna Alexander is a track and field athlete from Trinidad and Tobago who is the first and only women in the country's history to compete at an Olympic games in the women's triple jump. Ayanna competes primarily in the triple jump and some times the long jump. She competed in track and field collegiately in the United States at Louisiana Tech University and at McLean High School in McLean, VA. She is the Trinidad and Tobago national record holder in the triple jump at 14.40 meters. and is the first and only athlete from Trinidad and Tobago to qualify in the triple jump for the Olympic Games.
Personal bests
Competition record
References
External links
1982 births
Living people
Trinidad and Tobago female triple jumpers
Athletes (track and field) at the 2007 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2011 Pan American Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2015 Pan American Games
Pan American Games competitors for Trinidad and Tobago
Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of Trinidad and Tobago
Louisiana Tech University alumni
Athletes (track and field) at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Sportspeople from Port of Spain
Trinidad and Tobago female athletes
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Trinidad and Tobago
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Central American and Caribbean Games bronze medalists for Trinidad and Tobago
Competitors at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games
Competitors at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
Competitors at the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in athletics |
68275645 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corybas%20sanctigeorgianus | Corybas sanctigeorgianus | Corybas sanctigeorgianus is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. It is part of the C. trilobus aggregate, whose members are characterized by a funnel or dish-shaped labellum and an often heart or kidney-shaped solitary leaf.
Description
Corybas sanctigeorgianus is a terrestrial, perennial herb with a solitary reniform (kidney-shaped) to cordiform (heart-shaped) leaf born on a petiole that is 9.8–12.7 mm long. The leaf itself is 10.0–13.2 mm × 14.0–19.0 mm; its apex ends in a sharp point. The single flower is held on a small peduncle with a short floral bract that is oval-shaped when flattened. The dorsal sepal is green, sometimes splotched with maroon, and arches over the labellum and is broadly rounded at the apex, although sometimes it is mucronate. The dorsal sepal is characteristically longer than the labellum. The lateral sepals are long and filiform (thread-like); they are crystalline white with crimson specks. The petals are similar but slightly longer. The labellum is predominantly white with dark red; it may be vertically streaked with red. It is covered in short trichomes and is auriculate (forming two lobes) at the base. The notch between the two lobes is 1.7–2.0 mm wide. The lip is strongly downturned; it folds inwards and forms a central groove, and its sides are slightly cupped. The margins are mostly entire, except for the tip, which is toothed. The column is straight with square wings on both sides of the stigma. Flowering occurs from mid-August to September.
The dorsal sepal length is a useful identifying characteristic. C. sanctigeorgianus resembles C. hypogaeus in flower and leaf shape and may be distinguished by its dorsal sepal that extends beyond its labellum; it also differs in its straight ovary and predominantly white labellum (excluding the margins). From C. trilobus, it may also be distinguished by its dorsal sepal length, as well as the white, rather than translucent green, labellum.
Taxonomy
Corybas sanctigeorgianus was first described by Carlos Adolfo Lehnebach in 2016, having been split off from C. trilobus. Using Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses, Lehnebach inferred that C. sanctigeorgianus was indeed part of the C. trilobus aggregate. The specific epithet (sanctigeorgianus) refers to Ian Saint George, who has authored multiple guides to New Zealand-native orchids is co-editor of the New Zealand Native Orchid Journal.
Distribution and habitat
Corybas sanctigeorgianus is endemic to the Hunua Ranges of New Zealand's North Island and grows in leaf litter under scrub or podocarp-broadleaved forest, gravelly soil, or the decaying trunks of tree ferns.
Conservation
Corybas sanctigeorgianus was proposed to be listed as Nationally Critical under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. At the time of publication, it was known only from its type locality, the Hunua Ranges, where a population of about one hundred individuals occurs; a second population was noted to exist in the 1960s but had been lost. Subsequently, a new population, also in the Hunua Ranges, was found, and the species has yet to be ratified by the Threat Listing panel. Threats to C. sanctigeorgiaus include deforestation.
References
sanctigeorgianus
Endemic orchids of New Zealand |
6756775 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chachos | Chachos | Chachos were tortilla chip snacks produced by Keebler in the late 1980s/early 1990s. They were flour-based, as opposed to most common tortilla chips, which are corn-based (notably Tostitos). Chachos were available in three varieties: Cheesy Quesadilla, cinnamon Crispana, a particularly beloved flavor by chip enthusiasts, and Restaurant Style Original.
As of 2006, Chachos were no longer produced or available in stores. Similar to Chachos, Keebler produced a savory potato chip known as O'Boisies. These were no longer on the market until 2010, when they were brought back due to popular demand. Now, O'Boises are only sold in select stores.
Chachos is a registered trademark in Malaysia and Singapore for a food product made from "masa corn flour imported from USA". The product line was launched in 1997. The product line includes three flavors: Cheesy Cheese, BBQ Bonanza, and Spicy Curry.
External links
Kellogg's brands |
30512093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miyanakolamada | Miyanakolamada | Miyanakolamada is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
See also
List of towns in Central Province, Sri Lanka
External links
Populated places in Central Province, Sri Lanka |
5672162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000%20English%20cricket%20season | 2000 English cricket season | The 2000 cricket season was the 101st in which the County Championship has been an official competition. Surrey in first-class cricket and Gloucestershire in limited overs cricket were the dominant teams. The West Indies toured England to compete in a test series which England won 3-1. Zimbabwe also played their first test series on English soil losing 1-0.
Honours
County Championship - Surrey
NatWest Trophy - Gloucestershire
National League - Gloucestershire
Benson & Hedges Cup - Gloucestershire
Minor Counties Championship - Dorset
MCCA Knockout Trophy - Herefordshire
Second XI Championship - Middlesex II
Wisden - Mark Alleyne, Martin Bicknell, Andrew Caddick, Justin Langer, Darren Lehmann
Test series
England played five Test matches against West Indies following two against Zimbabwe.
West Indies tour
Zimbabwe tour
County Championship
National League
NatWest Trophy
Benson & Hedges Cup
Leading batsmen
Michael Bevan topped the averages with 1124 runs @ 74.93
The top runscorer was Darren Lehmann with 1477 @ 67.13
Leading bowlers
Courtney Walsh topped the averages with 40 wickets @ 11.42
The leading wicket taker was Glenn McGrath, playing for Worcestershire, who took 80 @ 13.21
References
External links
CricketArchive – season and tournament itineraries
Annual reviews
Playfair Cricket Annual 2001
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack 2001
English cricket seasons from 1969 to 2000
2000 in English cricket |
15894895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paila | Paila | A paila is a type of cookware that in several Spanish-speaking South American countries refers to a large shallow metal pan or earthenware bowl which oftentimes is also used as a serving plate for the foods prepared in it. Dishes served in clay pailas are often prepared in the paila itself by way of baking in an oven.
By extension, the word paila is also used for the dishes that are eaten from it, such as paila marina and paila de huevo. An advantage of the clay paila is that clay retains heat well and keeps foods warm. Its Valencian equivalent is the paella, which is simply referred to as arroz (rice) by the locals.
Etymology
Paila derives from Old French paele, from Latin patĕlla. It is first attested in Spain in the 16th century, and both is diminutive (pailita) and aumentative (pailón) appeared at the time. Its cognates include modern French poêle and Catalan paella. Nowadays, the use of the term is widespread in Latin America but relatively rare in Spain, where the doublet padilla survives as paílla in Andalusia.
Regional varieties
In addition to being used to prepare the traditional pork fritada, the large shallow and heavy copper paila from Ecuador is also used throughout the country and in the department of Nariño in Colombia as an "ice pail." This is performed by placing the bowl on ice and adding ingredients such as fruit, which is stirred to form a variety of ice creams and sorbets.
In Chile and Peru, clay pans are used to cook cornbread and other specialties such as pan or "pan marina."
In Bolivia, especially in the Cochabamba region, paila is used to cook chicharrón (pork cracklings).
Gallery
References
Sendoya Ramírez, Pedro José (1952). "Dictionary of the Great Indian Tolima." Minerva Editorial LTDA. R498.6 R15d 19 ed. (Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango).
Serving and dining
Kitchenware
Chilean pottery
Chilean cuisine
Peruvian pottery |
64734975 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rav%20muvhak | Rav muvhak | Rav muvhak (Hebrew: רב מובהק) refers to the teacher from whom a student rabbi received "most of his knowledge". Thus, muvhak could be understood as "principal", or "primary". Correspondingly, talmid muvhak may refer to a rabbi's primary, or outstanding, student.
The typical usage is to state that a particular student's rav muvhak is rabbi A, whereas the student also studied under rabbi B. Rabo (Hebrew: רבו) means his rav/rebbe/rabbi, hence the term rabo muvhak, i.e. "his principal rabbi". According to Jewish law, special honour must be given to a rav muvhak.
In modern times most student rabbis are educated by a number of different rabbis. Therefore, the concept rav muvhak is now uncommon.
References
Jewish education
Rabbis
Hebrew words and phrases |
18758457 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Fleming%20%28engineer%29 | Ken Fleming (engineer) | Wilfred George Kenneth Fleming (known as Ken) was an influential piling engineer and former chairman of the Federation of Piling Contractors.
Early life and education
Born in Maguiresbridge, County Fermanagh Ken Fleming was the son of a Church of Ireland minister.
In July 1945, he won the Seale Scholarship to Portora Royal School.
He graduated from Queen's University Belfast (1955) and became an assistant lecturer, later being awarded a PHD in 1958.
Working life
In 1958 Ken Fleming joined J. Laing and Sons (in Mill Hill, London, NW7). When Laing’s joined up to form McKinney Foundations, Fleming was involved as a technical advisor for the piling foundations for London's Centre Point. He also travelled to America where he spent time with company founder Jack McKinney who encouraged his interest in developing improved piling techniques.
McKinney Foundations was bought by Cementation Foundations in 1968 and Ken Fleming became chief engineer. At Cementation, Fleming was involved in the development of a series of new systems for improving the receptiveness of the ground to secure piles and to provide reliable information on the settlement of piles. Ken Fleming created the "Cemset" system which forecasts pile settlement under load.
He became chairman of the Federation of Piling Contractors, and in 1975 chairman and founder member of the Federation of Piling Specialists.
In 1985 he was the lead author of Piling Engineering, which has become an industry standard reference book. The third edition of Piling Engineering, still containing much of Fleming's original material, published in September 2008.
Fleming influenced European piling through the European Federation of Foundation Contractors. He disagreed with parts of the Eurocode EC7. Among other objections he believed it had fundamental technical flaws in relation to pile testing.
The British Standards Institution awarded Fleming its Distinguished Service award in 1992. In 1999 the British Geotechnical Society honoured him with the prestigious Skempton Medal for his lifelong contribution to geotechnical engineering.
In 2000 the British Geotechnical Association joined with Cementation (now part of Skanska) to mark Fleming's contribution to geotechnical engineering by inaugurating the Fleming Award. This international award is presented annually for excellence in geotechnical design and construction.
A visiting Professor at Queen's University Belfast, Fleming was also a prominent figure in the Institution of Civil Engineers.
External links
Obituary from The New Civil Engineer Magazine
Details of the Cementation Skanska Fleming Award in memory of Ken Fleming
References
1933 births
2001 deaths
British civil engineers
Academics of Queen's University Belfast
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
People from County Fermanagh |
43443406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irina%20Grigorieva%20%28footballer%29 | Irina Grigorieva (footballer) | Irina Olegovna Grigorieva () is a Russian former football player who played mainly for CSK VVS Samara and SPARTAK Moscow.
Honors
Titles
4 Champions of Russia (1992, 1994, 1996, 2001)
1 Champions of France (1993)
1 Russian Cup (1994)
International goals
References
1972 births
Living people
Soviet women's footballers
Soviet Union women's international footballers
Russian women's footballers
Russia women's international footballers
1999 FIFA Women's World Cup players
FIFA Century Club
Expatriate women's footballers in France
Olympique Lyonnais Féminin players
CSK VVS Samara (women's football club) players
Nadezhda Noginsk players
Russian expatriates in France
People from Moscow
Division 1 Féminine players
Women's association football forwards
Dual internationalists (women's football) |
45146282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsischnolea%20nigrobasalis | Falsischnolea nigrobasalis | Falsischnolea nigrobasalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1940.
References
Apomecynini
Beetles described in 1940 |
23380351 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%201994%20Commonwealth%20Games | Swimming at the 1994 Commonwealth Games | The swimming competition at the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria, British Columbia counted a total number of 34 medal events.
Medalists
Medal table
Key
Host nation
Men
Women
Paralympic
See also
Swimming at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Swimming at the 1996 Summer Olympics
1994 Commonwealth Games events
1994 in swimming
1994 |
66210764 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stahlhof%20%28D%C3%BCsseldorf%29 | Stahlhof (Düsseldorf) | The Stahlhof at Bastionstrasse 39 in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany, is the seat of the Düsseldorf Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgericht Düsseldorf).
History
The robust German steel industry in the Rhineland developed rapidly over the course of the nineteenth century to achieve global prominence before World War I. In 1904, the Deutsche Stahlwerksverband AG ("German Steelworks Association"), a syndicate steel cartel, was founded in Düsseldorf, which was the epicenter of this expansion. The city provided the land for a building housing at least 400-500 employees free of charge. Designed by Johannes Radke and Theo Westbrock, the building was named for the London Stahlhof, and paid for by the region's steel industrialists, who were proud of the demand for their steel products (which they compared to the strength of the medieval north German mercantile Hanseatic League). They installed a symbolic claw at its summit as a sculptural ornament proclaiming their power.
From 8 March 1921 until 25 August 1925, following the First World War, Düsseldorf was a base for French troops during the Occupation of the Rhineland. The French general staff used the confiscated Düsseldorf Stahlhof from 1923 to 1925 as their accommodation and command center for their operations in the Ruhr.
After the Second World War, the building served the Military Governor John Ashworth Barraclough, and from 1 May 1946 as Field Office for the Civil Governor (Regional Commissioner) of the British military government for the province of North Rhine-Westphalia (later for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia), William Asbury (1889-1961). On 23 August 1946, the land of North Rhine-Westphalia was founded here by Military Ordinance No. 46. The fundamental discussions and decisions about the future of the region took place in the Stahlhof.
In the 1920s, a Neue Stahlhof (New Stahlhof) was built on the south side of the Stahlhof to plans of architect Paul Bonatz as an extended administrative building for the steel industry. Also nearby is the Walzstahlhaus (Rolled Steel House), which dates from the late 1930s. Due to the concentration of administrative centers, business associations and interest groups, especially the coal and steel industry, as well as banks and other corporate services providers, Düsseldorf acquired the nickname "Schreibtisch des Ruhrgebiets" (Desk of the Ruhr Area) even before the First World War.
Description
Clad in red sandstone, the administration building achieves its monumental effect from the combination of material, dimensions, structure and symbolism: the facade is accentuated vertically through its elongated pilasters and looks like masonry formed into a “stable grid," thereby emphasizing the heaviness of the structure. The top floor is unusually tall and richly decorated with sculptural features that allegorically depict industry and trade, executed by Adolf Simatschek. Hermann Emil Pohle painted the cycle Career of the Rail in the Stahlhof's conference room.
Bibliography
Haiko, Peter. Die Architektur des XX. Jahrhunderts – Zeitschrift für moderne Baukunst. Repräsentativer Querschnitt durch die 14 erschienen Jahrgänge 1901 bis 1914. Tübingen: Ernst Wasmuth, 1989. (No. 339; originally published as No. 83 in 1909.) .
Lowis, Kristina. "Stahlhof, Bastionstr. 39," in Roland Kanz, Jürgen Wiener (eds.), Architekturführer Düsseldorf. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 2001. p. 31.
Notes
http://www.vg-duesseldorf.nrw.de/behoerde/gerichtsvorstellung/gebaeude/index.php
References
External links
Verwaltungsgericht Düsseldorf: Zur Geschichte des Gerichtsgebäudes, from justiz-online/Verwaltungsgericht Düsseldorf
Reiner Burger: Wie durch eine Zwangsheirat NRW entstand Article on faz.net (23 August 2016).
Steel industry of Germany
Düsseldorf
History of Germany
History of North Rhine-Westphalia
Buildings and structures in North Rhine-Westphalia
Buildings and structures in Düsseldorf
20th-century German architects
Architecture of Germany
Steel companies of Germany |
11894948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Bisset%20%28footballer%29 | George Bisset (footballer) | George Bisset (born 10 March 1943) is a former Australian rules footballer.
Footscray
He played as a rover and spent most of his career at Footscray.
1969 Brownlow Medal
In 1969, Bisset came second to Fitzroy's Kevin Murray by one vote.
Bisset had been reported for striking Carlton's Ian Robertson during the 12 July 1969 match against Carlton; and, although evidence was given that Bisset had punched Robertson (who had also been reported for striking Bisset) at least six times, the charge against Bisset was not sustained.
As a result of being reported, Bisset was not eligible to receive Brownlow votes (for the best player amongst the fairest) for that match; and, given that he had more than 30 "disposals" and had kicked 6 goals, it was very likely that he would have received, at least, one vote.
Team of the Century
He is a half forward in Footscray's official Team of the Century.
Collingwood
Moving to Collingwood in 1973 under the short-lived VFL's "10-year rule", which allowed players with ten years' service at one club to move to another club without a clearance, Bisset played 41 games in two seasons (1973 and 1974) and kicked 49 goals.
Footnotes
External links
Boyles Football Photos: George Bisset
George Bisset (1973-1974): Collingwood Forever.
1943 births
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
Western Bulldogs players
Collingwood Football Club players
Charles Sutton Medal winners
Braybrook Football Club players
Living people |
20582777 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboulbeniaceae | Laboulbeniaceae | The Laboulbeniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Laboulbeniales. Taxa have a widespread distribution, and are parasitic to various orders of insects.
See also
List of Laboulbeniaceae genera
References
Laboulbeniomycetes genera |
45452543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beth%20A.%20Brown | Beth A. Brown | Beth A. Brown (February 4, 1969 – October 5, 2008) was a NASA astrophysicist with a research focus on X-ray observations of elliptical galaxies and black holes. She earned a Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Michigan in 1998, becoming the first African-American woman to do so.
Early life
Brown was born in Roanoke, Virginia in 1969. She loved Star Trek and Star Wars. She graduated from William Fleming High School in 1987 as valedictorian. When a high school assignment led her on a trip to an observatory, she saw the Ring Nebula through a telescope, which she cites as the moment she "got hooked on astronomy."
Education
She studied astrophysics at Howard University, graduating in 1991. During her undergraduate years, she completed two internships at NASA. While at Howard University, she played piccolo in several University bands. She joined Tau Beta Sigma in Fall 1990. She earned her M.S. in astronomy from the University of Michigan and a Ph.D. from there in 1998. She was the first African-American woman to earn a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan's Department of Astronomy. While at the University of Michigan, she developed a one-credit course in "naked eye astronomy" for students with no experience in astronomy. Her research there concerned X-ray observations of elliptical galaxies from the Röntgen Satellite.
Career and research
Brown joined NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) as a post-doctoral research associate with the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council. She became a post-doctoral research associate for the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) in 2001. She transferred to the X-ray Astrophysics Laboratory in 2005, providing support for the GSFC XMM Guest Observer Facility. She was hired as Assistant Director for Science Communication and Higher Education for the Sciences and Exploration Director at Goddard. She also completed a NASA Administrator Fellowship where she devoted a year to research with Dr. James Lindesay and taught classes with Dr. Demetrius Venable at Howard's Department of Physics and Astronomy. Brown served as the Administrative Executive Officer for National Society of Black Physicists (NSBP) for two years and was involved with the National Conference of Black Physics Students (NCBPS).
Following her PhD, Beth Brown held a National Academy of Science & National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Fellowship at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. Subsequently, she served at the National Space Science Data Center at Goddard, where she was involved in data archival activities as well as education and outreach. In 2006, Brown became an Astrophysics Fellow at Goddard, during which time she worked as a visiting Assistant Professor at Howard University. At Goddard, she was NSSDC's primary interface to such Science Archive Research Centers (SARCs) as the High Energy Astrophysics SARC at Goddard, the Multi-Mission Archive at STScI (MAST) and the Infrared Science Archive (IRSA) at Caltech. She also helped to "rationalize" NSSDC's legacy holdings of astrophysics data in light of data supported at the SARCs which are also to be permanently archived at NSSDC. At the time of her death, she was looking forward to a new position at GSFC as the Assistant Director for Science Communications and Higher Education.
Awards and honors
The American Astronomical Society has an award in her honor for a students with poster or oral presentations at the annual National Society of Black Physicists meeting. She is featured in the book, Women of Goddard: Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics.
Death
Brown died unexpectedly on October 5, 2008 at the age of 39 from a pulmonary embolism.
References
External links
Tribute video for Beth Brown, her work and life from childhood
American Physical Society, Physicists Profile
NSBP honors Dr. Beth Brown
Howard University documentary on her life, Part I and Part II
1969 births
2008 deaths
American astrophysicists
Howard University alumni
NASA people
People from Roanoke, Virginia
University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts alumni
Scientists from Virginia |
46240108 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995%E2%80%9396%20Liga%20Nacional%20de%20F%C3%BAtbol%20Femenino | 1995–96 Liga Nacional de Fútbol Femenino | The 1995–96 División de Honor de Fútbol Femenino was the eight edition of Spain's women's football premier league. Nine teams took part in the competition, with Atlético Málaga and CF Llers replacing relegated teams Anaitasuna FT, León FF and FFP Alcobendas.
Añorga KKE won its third title with 11 wins in 16 matches and five points difference over Oroquieta Villaverde. Espanyol, CD Sondika and CE Sabadell followed in the table. Oviedo Moderno-Tradehi was relegated.
Teams and locations
Final table
References
1995-96
Spa
1
women |
65371126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anca%20Miruna%20L%C4%83z%C4%83rescu | Anca Miruna Lăzărescu | Anca Miruna Lăzărescu (born 1979 in Timișoara) is a German-Romanian film director. For her film work, she has received a nomination for the European Film Award. She directed the international drama series Hackerville (2018) for HBO and TNT Serie as well as the German Netflix series We Are the Wave (2019) and the third season of the Amazon Prime series Hanna.
Life and career
Anca Miruna Lăzărescu studied film directing at the University of Television and Film Munich. During her studies, she directed fictional short films, documentaries and commercials. Meanwhile, she also participated in international script workshops.
For her documentary film The Secret of Deva (2007), she received the prize for best German film at the Sehsuechte International Student Film Festival in Potsdam.
In 2011, she graduated from the Munich film school. Her graduation film Silent River celebrated its world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival in 2011 and was nominated as best short film for the European Film Award in 2011. The movie screened at over 300 festivals worldwide and won 82 international awards.
Lăzărescus feature-length debut film That Trip We Took With Dad, a historical road movie set in 1968, had its international premiere at the Moscow International Film Festival and its German premiere at the Munich Film Festival in 2016. At the latter, the film received the special prize of the section German Cinema New Talent Award. It won the Bavarian Film Award as the best newcomer production of 2017. Lăzărescu was nominated as best up-and-coming director for the German Film Director Award Metropolis.
Lăzărescu’s next feature film, Happiness Sucks, opened the Hof International Film Festival in 2018 and was nominated at the German Film Awards in 2019. On the occasion of the movie’s premiere in Hof, German newspaper Die Welt described Lăzărescu as the "great hope of German cinema".
In 2018, Lăzărescu directed the mini-series Hackerville for HBO and TNT, which was awarded the Grimme Award in 2019.
In 2019, Lăzărescu was the lead director for the controversial series We Are the Wave. The Netflix original show, produced by Christian Becker and Dennis Gansel, had its premiere in November 2019, streaming in 190 countries. Again, Lăzărescu was nominated for the Grimme Award. The New York Times included We Are the Wave in its monthly "Best Movies and TV Shows New on Netflix" list.
In 2019, Lăzărescu became jury president of the International Festival of Film Schools Munich, the young talents' edition of the Munich Film Festival. She also teaches as a lecturer at the University of Television and Film Munich.
At the beginning of 2020, Lăzărescu was named one of the "eight emerging German filmmakers to watch in 2020" by Screen International. The same year, Der Spiegel wrote that since We Are The Wave, Lăzărescu has been considered "a candidate for great international material."
In 2021, her new TV movie starring Joachim Król and Martina Gedeck was announced to premiere at the Munich Film Festival.
The same year, Lăzărescu's directed the third season finale of the Amazon Prime action drama series Hanna.
Lăzărescu is a member of the German, Romanian and European Film Academy.
References
External links
Anca Miruna Lăzărescu at Curtis Brown Agency
Interview with Lăzărescu at the Goethe Institute
Interview with Lăzărescu at Cineuropa
People from Timișoara
1979 births
Living people |
43479136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Henderson%20Ross | Charles Henderson Ross | Charles Henderson Ross (23 July 1864 – 23 November 1919) was a Scottish businessman. He was the tai-pan of the Jardine, Matheson & Co. and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
Biography
Ross was born on 23 July 1864. He was the son of Captain Horatio Ross of Rossie and Christian Henderson, who died 1892, daughter of Charles P. Henderson of Whittington Hall, Lancashire. He spent many years in the East, first in India and later in Tsientsin and Shanghai. He volunteered during the Boxer Rebellion in Tsientsin under the command of General Alfred Gaselee, the commander of the British troops sent to the relief of Peking, and was awarded the Boxer medal with two bars. He also served in the Shanghai light horse and was the head of the old Hongkong mounted troop.
Ross joined the Jardine, Matheson & Co., the then biggest trading firm in the Far East. He moved to Hong Kong in 1910 was appointed by Henry Keswick as his substitute for all the purposes set out in a power of attorney of 5 September 1912. He was also member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong during Henry Keswick on leave from 1911 to 1913.
He was a Director of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank and the Peak Tramways, Chairman of the Whampoa Dock Co. and the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf Co., member of the Green Island Cement Co., Chairman of the Land Investment Agency and a Director of the Land Reclamation and the West Point Building Companies. He was particularly interested in various sugar, cotton, ice, insurance, and machinery companies for which Jardine Matheson were agents.
He helped founding the Hong Kong Scouts Company and took in charge of the training of the Scouts in the New Territories. He was also a Steward of the Hong Kong Jockey Club. He had acted as treasurer of the Coronation Fund, was prominently connected with the Horticultural Society's exhibition and donated a ground for a tennis court to the Y.M.C.A. at East Point.
Ross left Hong Kong in 1913 by the SS Siberia as Manager of Jardine Matheson's company in London appointed by Henry Keswick on 30 September 1914. He also represented Hong Kong to the Imperial Council of Commerce in 1916.
Ross died 23 November 1919 in London, leaving estate of the value of £78,000. He married Eveline Isabel Bernard, daughter of Edmund Bowen Bernard and Arabella Margaret Piercy in 1910.
References
1864 births
1919 deaths
Scottish expatriates in China
Scottish expatriates in Hong Kong
Scottish expatriates in India
Hong Kong businesspeople
HSBC people
CK Hutchison Holdings
Jardine Matheson Group
Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong
Peak Tram
The Wharf (Holdings)
19th-century Scottish businesspeople |
39726998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callander%20%28surname%29 | Callander (surname) | Callander is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Charlie Callander, property steward of Richmond Football Club in Australian Rules Football
Don Callander, American novelist
Donald Callander, British Army officer
Drew Callander, Canadian hockey player (played for Philadelphia and Vancouver)
Gary Callander, Scottish Rugby Union player
Jock Callander, Canadian hockey player and coach (played for Pittsburgh and Tampa Bay)
Peter Callander, British songwriter |
11458405 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20Huber | Franz Huber | Franz Huber was an Austrian luger who competed during the 1980s. A natural track luger, he won two medals in the men's doubles event at the FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships with a silver in 1982 and a bronze in 1984.
References
Natural track World Championships results: 1979-2007
Austrian male lugers
Possibly living people
Year of birth missing |
58466459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20destroyer%20Suzutsuki | Japanese destroyer Suzutsuki | Two Japanese destroyers have been named Suzutsuki:
, an launched in 1942 and stricken in 1945
, an launched in 2012
Japanese Navy ship names |
21239024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20H.%20Taylor%20%26%20Sons | J. H. Taylor & Sons | J. H. Taylor & Sons was an English company that primarily built wooden canal boats on the Shropshire Union Canal at Tower Wharf, Chester. Joseph Harry Taylor set up the business with his son Wilfred in 1914 in the Dee Basin. The company was in Wilfred's name as his father was an undischarged bankrupt. During this time the company built and repaired an array of water craft from traditional Dee skiffs and salmon fishing boats to passenger launches, narrow boats and tugs. Joseph Harry died in 1924 and his sons carried on the business until 1970.
Overview
Today, J. H. Taylor boats are largely remembered for their pleasure boats built for the inland waterways of the United Kingdom. The first boat of this series was commissioned by the Manchester Ship Canal Company. The boats were constructed using a round bilge style with mahogany on oak frames. The beam of the vessels is 6 ft. 11in., allowing the boats to pass through all locks on the canal system of England and Wales. The boats were not cheap to build. An invoice for the Canal Cruiser 'Ottilie' dated 31 October 1957 states a final cost including all fittings and labour came to £1924.12. The number of hours labour in the invoice was as follows; journeymen - 6077½ hours; apprentice - 456 hours.
Preservation
Some of the boats can still be seen on the Canals of the United Kingdom and one boat is held at the National Waterways Museum, Ellesmere Port.
References
Canals in England
1914 establishments in England
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1970
Defunct shipbuilding companies of the United Kingdom
Companies based in Chester
British companies established in 1914
Manufacturing companies established in 1914
1970 disestablishments in England |
7762870 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20Johnston | Jimmy Johnston | James Harle Johnston (December 10, 1889 – February 14, 1967) was a Major League Baseball player from 1911 to 1926. He played mostly with the Brooklyn Robins of the National League.
Career
Johnston, who batted and threw right-handed, made his major-league debut on May 3, 1911, with the Chicago White Sox, which was his only appearance that season. He did not return to the majors until 1914, when he played 50 games with the Chicago Cubs. From 1916 through 1925 he was with the Brooklyn Robins (who later became the Brooklyn Dodgers). He finished up his career the following year, playing for the Boston Braves and the New York Giants. His final major league game was on September 11, 1926.
Overall, Johnston played all or part of 13 seasons in the major leagues, ten with the Brooklyn Robins. He appeared in two World Series, both Brooklyn losses. In the 1916 World Series he started two of the games, batting in the lead-off position. In the 1920 World Series, he appeared in four of the games, mostly batting second except for batting sixth in one of the games.
On May 25, 1922, Johnston hit for the cycle as a member of the Brooklyn Robins in an 8–7 win over the Philadelphia Phillies at the Baker Bowl.
During his major league career, Johnston played 448 games at third base, 354 in the outfield, 243 at second, 178 at shortstop, and 49 at first base. He had a .294 lifetime batting average, hitting in the .270 to .280 range near the end of the dead-ball era and going over .300 once the live-ball era started. He stole 169 bases in his major league career, mostly from 1916 to 1923. He had little power, except in 1921 when he had 41 doubles and 14 triples. All of his managers became Hall of Famers; Hugh Duffy with the White Sox, Hank O'Day with the Cubs, Wilbert Robinson with Brooklyn, Dave Bancroft with the Braves, and John McGraw with the Giants.
After his playing career ended, Johnston coached first base for Brooklyn in 1931. He died in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1967.
Family
Johnston married Nora Belle Jones (1888–1974) in 1910; the couple had five children.
Johnston's brother Doc Johnston was also a major league player.
See also
List of Major League Baseball players to hit for the cycle
List of Major League Baseball career stolen bases leaders
References
External links
, or Retrosheet
1889 births
1967 deaths
Major League Baseball infielders
Chicago White Sox players
Chicago Cubs players
Brooklyn Robins players
New York Giants (NL) players
Boston Braves players
Baseball players from Tennessee
Brooklyn Dodgers coaches
Kewanee Boilermakers players
Ottumwa Packers players
Birmingham Barons players
San Francisco Seals (baseball) players
Oakland Oaks (baseball) players
Chattanooga Lookouts players
Chattanooga Lookouts managers
Atlanta Crackers players
Montgomery Capitals players
People from Cleveland, Tennessee |
18846569 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1xlar%2C%20Jalilabad | Şıxlar, Jalilabad | Şıxlar (also, Shykhlyar and Shikhlyar) is a village and municipality in the Jalilabad Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 508.
References
Populated places in Jalilabad District (Azerbaijan) |
9153576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern%20Sprints | Eastern Sprints | The Eastern Sprints is the annual rowing championship for the men's Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges (EARC). (Since 1974, the "Women's Eastern Sprints" has been held as the annual championship for the Eastern Association of Women's Rowing Colleges (EAWRC) league.)
Participants
The teams include all of the Ivy League schools as well as others such as Georgetown University, Syracuse University, U.S. Naval Academy, MIT, BU, Rutgers, Northeastern, and Wisconsin. In the fall of 2006, The George Washington University and The College of the Holy Cross were given a two-year provisional bid to join the league; both schools are now full members of the league.
Since 1981, the Quinsigamond Rowing Association (QRA) has invited the winner of the Worcester City Championships to compete in the varsity eight events at the Eastern Sprints. The College of the Holy Cross has secured this invitation since 1996.
Location
The race is held at Regatta Point on Lake Quinsigamond in Worcester, MA in mid to late May. In general, crews compete in a trial heat in the morning, followed by a final (grand, petite, or 3rd level) in the afternoon. Each race is a 2000m race including up to six crews.
Team cups
Since 1946, the Rowe Cup has been awarded to the college whose heavyweight men's crews score the highest combined total number of points in the varsity, junior varsity, and freshman races. Harvard has won the cup the most number of times (27). Princeton has the 2nd most Rowe Cup victories with 9 (1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2015, 2016).
Since 1961, the Jope Cup has been awarded to the college whose lightweight men's crews score the highest combined total number of points in the varsity, junior varsity, and freshman races. Harvard has won the cup 22 times. Princeton has won 15 times. The current holder is Yale University.
Since 2009, the Joke Cup has been awarded to the college whose third varsity lightweight men's crew won its race at Eastern Sprints. The Joke Cup is a reward for the third varsity non-Jope Cup qualifying crew that performs the best at the Sprints. It is awarded in secret, given from crew to crew at an undisclosed location. Harvard won the Joke Cup in its inaugural year, 2009. Yale won the cup in 2011, Cornell in 2010, 2012, and 2015. Navy in 2013, and Columbia in 2014. After the third varsity eight became a Jope Cup event for the Kilpatrick Trophy in 2015, the Joke Cup is now passed between fourth varsity eights.
Course records
New event record times were set in the 2007 edition of the regatta. Harvard now holds the record time in the Varsity Heavyweight event (5:27.005) and Dartmouth holds the Varsity Lightweight event record (5:38.894).
EARC Varsity Heavyweight 8 Winners
Overall ranking
Winners by year
EARC Varsity Lightweight 8 Winners
Overall ranking
|}
Winners by year
See also
National Collegiate Rowing Championship
References
External links
Unofficial historical results from Quinsigamond Rowing Association
Pictures from Eastern Sprints by year
Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges
College rowing competitions in the United States
College sports championships in the United States
Sports in Worcester, Massachusetts
Recurring sporting events established in 1946
Row
Row
Sports competitions in Massachusetts |
38538277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marti%20Hearst | Marti Hearst | Marti Hearst is a professor in the School of Information at the University of California, Berkeley. She did early work in corpus-based computational linguistics, including some of the first work in automating sentiment analysis, and word sense disambiguation. She invented an algorithm that became known as "Hearst patterns" which applies lexico-syntactic patterns to recognize hyponymy (ISA) relations with high accuracy in large text collections, including an early application of it to WordNet; this algorithm is widely used in commercial text mining applications including ontology learning. Hearst also developed early work in automatic segmentation of text into topical discourse boundaries, inventing a now well-known approach called TextTiling.
Hearst's research is on user interfaces for search engine technology and big data analytics. She did early work in user interfaces and information visualization for search user interfaces, inventing the TileBars query term visualization. Her Flamenco research project investigated and developed the now widely used faceted navigation approach for searching and browsing web sites and information collections. She wrote the first academic book on the topic of Search User Interfaces (Cambridge University Press, 2009).
Hearst is an Edge Foundation contributing author and a member of the Usage panel of the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language.
Hearst received her B.A., M.S., and Ph.D. in Computer Science, all from U.C. Berkeley. In 2013 she became a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. She became a member of the CHI Academy in 2017, and has previously served as President of the Association for Computational Linguistics and on the Advisory Council of NSF's CISE Directorate. Additionally, she has been a member of the Web Board for CACM, the Usage Panel for the American Heritage Dictionary, the Edge.org panel of experts, the Research Staff at Xerox PARC, and the boards of ACM Transactions on the Web, Computational Linguistics, ACM Transactions on Information Systems, and IEEE Intelligent Systems.
Hearst has received an NSF CAREER award, an IBM Faculty Award, and an Okawa Foundation Fellowship. Her work on user interfaces has had a profound impact on the industry, earning Hearst two Google Research Awards and four Excellence in Teaching Awards.} She has also led projects worth over $3.5M in research grants.
Hearst’s publications date back to 1990, when ‘A Hybrid Approach to Restricted Text Interpretation’ was published in Stanford University’s AAAI Spring Symposium on Text Based Intelligent Systems in March of that year.
References
External links
Web page at UC Berkeley
Website for Search User Interfaces book (text freely available and searchable)
The Flamenco Faceted Navigation and Search Project
University of California, Berkeley School of Information faculty
UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty
Computational linguistics researchers
American computer scientists
University of California, Berkeley School of Information alumni
Living people
Women inventors
American women computer scientists
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Scientists at PARC (company)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Computer scientists
Women computer scientists
Natural language processing researchers |
2494505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSwMS%20Wachtmeister%20%2810%29 | HSwMS Wachtmeister (10) | HSwMS Wachtmeister (10), later (26), was a destroyer of the Swedish Navy during World War I, built at Lindholm Shipyard in Gothenburg, and was launched on December 19, 1917, as the second of two destroyers of the Wrangel class. The ship class was among the most modern destroyers in the world just after the end of World War I. At the outbreak of World War II in 1939 she was stationed as part of the Gothenburg Squadron. Wachtmeister was decommissioned in 1947 and was subsequently sold for scrap in 1950. The ship was named after the Swedish noble family Wachtmeister.
Design
Wachtmeisters hull was made of nitrated steel. Like former Swedish destroyers, the ship had no proper superstructure on the bow, but had only a protective skirt wall for the command bridge, though there was a small superstructure on the stern. The propulsion machinery consisted of four steam boilers which delivered steam to two steam turbines. The machine generated an output of 11,500 horsepower, giving a maximum speed of 34 knots. Each boiler had a separate funnel, which led to the common four stack arrangement of the time. The two steam turbines were of a new type with reduction gears, which meant that the turbine speed could be shifted down to lower the propeller speed, giving the machinery a better efficiency.
On delivery, the ship's main artillery consisted of two 7.5 cm guns m/12 that were placed on the front and rear deck. The close-range protection consisted of two 6.5 mm machine guns m/14 that were placed on either side of the command bridge. The torpedo armament consisted of six 45.7 cm torpedo tubes m/14. Four of these stood as in the previous class in two double stands on the main deck. What was new was that two more were placed behind gaps in the front of the hull.
History
Wachtmeister was built at Lindholm's Gothenburg shipyard and was launched on December 19, 1917. After fitting out and trials she was delivered to the Swedish Navy on October 19, 1918.
During an exercise on the evening of June 8, 1922, Wachtmeister was rammed just ahead of the bridge by the destroyer . Three people who were in Vidars forebody were seriously injured, one later died during transport to the hospital. Wachtmeister got a 20-meter long imprint of the hull and three people were thrown into the water, there could soon be rescued. Vidar was towed into Bergkvara while Wachtmeister could reach Karlskrona by herself. Both destroyers were repaired and taken into service the following year.
In 1923, Crown Prince Gustav Adolf would be engaged to Louise Mountbatten with the engagement taking place in England. On 28 June, Wachtmeister went from Karlskrona together with her sister ship Wrangel and all three ships in the Sverige class. On July 2 they went to Sheerness, England where the couple visited the ships. A couple of days later, the journey proceeded to Rosyth, Scotland, where they visited the English Atlantic fleet before going back to Sweden.
In the mid-1920s, the ship's boilers, which were initially coal-fired, were converted to oil-fired.
World War II
In 1939, the ship was redeployed, when the forward two torpedo tubes were removed and a 25 mm anti-aircraft automatic gun was added. Furthermore, the two machine guns were replaced with an 8 mm anti-aircraft machine gun m/36 that was mounted on the aft bridge and two depth charge positions with 16 depth charges m/24. During the beginning of World War II, Wachtmeister together with her sister ship was part of the Gothenburg Squadron. In the winter of 1940-1941, the ship would receive new boilers, but by late autumn 1943, she was put into material reserve in Stockholm.
Fate
After Wachtmeister was placed in reserve, she never would be reactivated and was released from service on June 13, 1947. In 1950 she was sold for scrap to a company in Karlstad.
References
Notes
Print
Wrangel-class destroyers
Ships built in Gothenburg
1917 ships |
42405179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%20Museum%20at%20SUNY%20Potsdam | Art Museum at SUNY Potsdam | The Art Museum at SUNY Potsdam is part of the State University of New York at Potsdam, located in the village of Potsdam in St. Lawrence County, New York.
The permanent collection of the Art Museum at SUNY Potsdam consists of around 1,900 objects that range from post-war American and European art, contemporary art, ethnographic art, and early American and European art. The Japanese collection features a large number of Gutai group pieces that present a detailed outlook on Japanese abstract painting from the late 1950s to the early 1970s. The Italian collection contains a mix of mid-20th century painting, sculpture, and works on paper done by Italian artists from the postwar period, including works by Afro Basaldella, Giuseppe Capogrossi, Zuran Antoni Music, Arnoldo Pomodoro, Gio Pomodoro, Paolo Scheggi and Giulio Turcato.
Exhibition Spaces
Gibson Gallery
The Gibson Gallery is located in Brainard Hall and is named after the late Dr Roland Gibson after his donations of contemporary and modern works of art to the Potsdam Art Museum Collection. The space is divided into three sectors and hosts eight to ten exhibition per year that range from international and regional professional artists to SUNY Potsdam Art students.
Hosmer Hall Gallery
The Gallery is housed within the Crane School of Music Complex. The Gallery exhibits artworks from the museum's permanent collection along with work from professional artists.
Dunn Hall Display
Located in the lobby of Dunn Theater, this space shows a number of smaller works. Exhibitions in this space change by semester and include professional artists as well as SUNY Potsdam Art Student work.
Art around Campus
Large works of art can be seen in collection hung in public spaces around campus. Most notable areas include Flagg Hall, Kellas Hall and Crumb Library, where work is displayed in high traffic walkways. Outdoor sculptures can also be spotted around campus located around the academic building.
Storage
The museum also includes a Print/Drawing Study and Storage room along with a Painting/Sculpture Study and Storage room. These spaces can service for the studio classes and provide students with hands on research in preservation and restoration of works of art.
External links
Art Museum at SUNY Potsdam
University art museums and galleries in New York (state)
Art museums and galleries in New York (state)
State University of New York at Potsdam
Museums in St. Lawrence County, New York |
24145133 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C23H36O3 | C23H36O3 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C23H36O3}}
The molecular formula C23H36O3 may refer to:
Dihydrotestosterone butyrate
Drostanolone propionate, an anabolic steroid
Methandriol propionate
Propetandrol
Molecular formulas |
57319923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuschelina%20barberi | Kuschelina barberi | Kuschelina barberi is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae.
References
Further reading
Alticini
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1954 |
50799013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963%20Rutgers%20Scarlet%20Knights%20football%20team | 1963 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team | The 1963 Rutgers Scarlet Knights football team was an American football team that represented Rutgers University in the 1963 NCAA University Division football season. Despite an overall losing record, Rutgers won the Middle Three Conference championship.
In their fourth season under head coach John F. Bateman, the Scarlet Knights compiled a 3–6 record and were outscored by their opponents 148 to 145. The team's statistical leaders included Dave Stout with 634 passing yards, Don Viggiano with 404 rushing yards, and Paul Strelick with 242 receiving yards.
The Scarlet Knights played their home games at Rutgers Stadium in Piscataway, New Jersey, near the university's main New Brunswick campus.
Schedule
References
Rutgers
Rutgers Scarlet Knights football seasons
Rutgers Scarlet Knights football |
35859487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welcome%20to%20the%20Jungle%20%282013%20film%29 | Welcome to the Jungle (2013 film) | Welcome to the Jungle is a 2013 American comedy film directed by Rob Meltzer and starring Jean-Claude van Damme, Adam Brody, Megan Boone, Rob Huebel, Kristen Schaal and Dennis Haysbert. The film premiered at the 2013 Newport Beach Film Festival.
Plot
An office team go on a two-day team-building seminar on a wilderness island. The group includes Chris, a meek office worker and Eagle Scout; Phil, a manipulative bully who steals his ideas; Lisa, an HR manager and Chris' love interest; and Jared, a sarcastic slacker. However, when the pilot is found dead and Storm, their ex-marine guide, is mauled by a tiger, the office workers must fend for themselves.
Phil tries to assume leadership, but the group votes for Chris. Phil immediately wants to sacrifice Javier so they can eat him. He finds some coffee and adds a hallucinogenic herb that induces an orgy among some of the coworkers. They split into two teams. Chris’ team consists of Lisa, Jared, and Brenda. Phil feeds his team more psychedelic herbs and sets himself up as God. Chris` team finds an abandoned building with supplies. Storm is revealed to be alive and not a marine. Chris' team is captured by Phil's group, and Chris beats Phil by pretending to be a better God. A ship rescues the workers, except Phil who is left behind. Storm is arrested for impersonating a marine. Chris gets Phil's job, but quits, taking Lisa with him. It is also revealed Jared is now dating Brenda.
Cast
Production
Shooting took place in Puerto Rico in early 2012.
Reception
Rotten Tomatoes, review aggregator, reports that 22% of nine surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating is 4/10. Metacritic rated it 25/100 based on seven reviews. John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, "A decent cast is stranded on a desert island with a script best suited for campfire kindling". Betsy Sharkey of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the film is not funny or clever enough to work as a satire or farce, though it is unclear for which the film was aiming. Steven Rea of The Philadelphia Inquirer rated it 1.5/4 stars and called it a "bumble-headed throwaway".
References
External links
2013 films
American films
English-language films
American adventure comedy films
Universal Pictures films
2010s adventure comedy films
Films set in Puerto Rico
Films shot in Puerto Rico
Films set on islands
Films set on uninhabited islands
2013 comedy films |
55824056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017%20Mumbai%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Singles | 2017 Mumbai Open – Singles | Elina Svitolina was the defending champion from the last time the event was held at Pune in 2012, but chose not to participate this year.
Aryna Sabalenka won the title, defeating Dalila Jakupović in the final, 6–2, 6–3.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
Qualifying
Seeds
Qualifiers
Qualifying draw
First qualifier
Second qualifier
Third qualifier
Fourth qualifier
References
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
Mumbai Open
2017 in Indian tennis |
1510480 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marconi%20Communications | Marconi Communications | Marconi Communications, the former telecommunications arm of Britain's General Electric Company plc (GEC), was founded in August 1998 through the amalgamation of GEC Plessey Telecommunications (GPT) with other GEC subsidiaries: Marconi SpA, GEC Hong Kong, and ATC South Africa.
In December 1999, it became the principal subsidiary of Marconi plc, formed by renaming the remainder of GEC when GEC's defence arm, Marconi Electronic Systems, was sold to British Aerospace to form BAE Systems. Marconi plc was restructured to Marconi Corporation plc in May 2003.
Marconi Corporation used the cash raised by selling the defence arm to buy US telecoms companies, with the aim of becoming a major telecommunications systems provider. After losing most of its value in the subsequent dot-com bubble crash, and failing to win major contracts, in 2006 Ericsson acquired a majority of Marconi Corporation. The remainder of Marconi Corporation was renamed Telent.
History
Companies with "Marconi" in their name can trace their origins through a complex history of mergers, takeovers and divisions, to the 1963-established Marconi Company Ltd, founded in 1897 as the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company by Guglielmo Marconi. The operations of Marconi were amalgamated into GEC in 1968, when GEC acquired the parent company of Marconi, English Electric.
Background: GEC acquisition of Plessey and GPT (1986–1998)
The evolution of Marconi Communications began in 1986, when the General Electric Company (GEC) attempted a takeover of Plessey, a British-based international electronics, defence and telecommunications company founded in 1917. The takeover bid was barred by regulatory authorities. As an amicable solution, GEC and Plessey merged their telecommunications businesses on 1 April 1988 as GEC Plessey Telecommunications (GPT). GPT was a world leader in many fields, for example synchronous digital hierarchy technology, and this brought together the two companies responsible for developing and building the System X telephone exchange, which was supposed to make selling System X simpler.
In 1989, GEC and the German conglomerate Siemens AG acquired the Plessey Company through their joint holding company, GEC Siemens plc. While most of Plessey's assets were divided between the companies (see: ), GPT remained a joint venture, with a 60/40 shareholding by GEC and Siemens, respectively. GEC Plessey Telecommunications was renamed to "GPT", which would continue to exist merely as a legal entity.
During the mid-1990s, the name GPT gradually disappeared in the UK. By October 1997 the joint venture, through a series of Siemens mergers and acquisitions in the UK, evolved into Siemens GEC Communication Systems, which in 1998 merged with Siemens Business Communication Systems to form the largest division of Siemens AG: Siemens Communications.
In August 1998, GEC acquired Siemens' 40% stake in GPT (at this point only existing as a legal entity), and merged GPT with the telecoms units of its other subsidiaries – Marconi SpA, GEC Hong Kong, and ATC South Africa – to form Marconi Communications.
Marconi (1999–2005)
In December 1999, GEC's defence arm, Marconi Electronic Systems, was sold to British Aerospace, forming BAE Systems. The remainder of GEC was renamed Marconi, and Marconi Communications became its principal subsidiary.
Following the announcement of the Marconi Electronic Systems demerger on 19 January 1999, GEC focused on the booming telecoms sector. It purchased two American equipment-makers to complement its existing telecommunications businesses, RELTEC Corporation (March 1999) and FORE Systems (April 1999). Both acquisitions occurred during the peak of the dot-com bubble. The £2.8bn price for FORE Systems and the £1.3n spent on RELTEC took a heavy toll on Marconi following the bursting of the bubble in 2000/2001.
In the first half of 2001, some of Marconi's major competitors such as Lucent Technologies and Alcatel had issued profit warnings, citing a large drop in orders from large telecoms groups. Marconi executives meanwhile reassured investors; the Financial Times judged they were "either failing to see the warning signs, or ignoring them." However, in late June and early July it became evident that group sales had suffered a massive decline and by 3 July it was clear that a profits warning was inevitable. This was complicated by the fact that Marconi was to announce the sale of its medical unit to Philips for $1.1 billion. The company's shares would have to be suspended so that investors could not trade its shares without full information. At 7.26am on Wednesday 4 July the Philips transaction was announced, and 15 minutes later Marconi announced the suspension of its shares. Following a contentious board meeting that evening, Marconi announced 4,000 job cuts, a 15% drop in sales forecasts, and a 50% fall in operating profit to March 2002. When trading resumed the following day, the share price dropped 54%. This valued the company at £2.8 billion, compared to £35.5 billion in September 2000. John Mayo, the deputy chief executive, was dismissed as a result. A second profits warning in September 2001 led to the dismissal of Lord Simpson (the CEO) and Sir Roger Hurn (Chairman).
In June 2001 Marconi sold its Ipsaris business to Easynet in an all-share deal worth over £300 million. Ipsaris was a network provider owning one of the largest backbones in the UK at the time, with 3,500 kilometers of optical fibre running alongside the UK canal network. The deal resulted in Marconi owning a 72% stake in Easynet. However, by March 2002 demand for space on the Easynet network had slumped and Easynet effectively mothballed the Ipsaris fibre optic network, and the value of the entire network was written down from £350 million to £15 million.
On 19 May 2003, Marconi underwent a major restructuring into Marconi Corporation. In a debt-for-equity swap, the firm's creditors received 99.5% of the new company's shares, while Marconi shareholders received one Marconi Corporation share for every 559 Marconi shares.
In July 2003 Marconi sold 32% of its stake in Easynet for £40.5 million and in September 2003 it sold its remaining 40% stake for £56.7 million, in an effort to pay off debt and increase the liquidity in Easynet shares.
The company was a major supplier of asynchronous transfer mode, gigabit Ethernet, and Internet Protocol products. In 2005, it failed to secure any part of BT's 21st Century Network (21CN) programme. That Marconi received no major 21CN contract was a surprise to commentators, and sent the company's shares tumbling. An example of analysis before BT announced the winners of contracts is Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein's: "[Marconi is] so advanced with its products and so entrenched with BT Group that its selection looks certain."
Various bids began to be made for the business, including one by Huawei Technologies, with whom Marconi already had a joint venture. The majority of Marconi Corporation's businesses, including Marconi Communications, were sold to Ericsson in 2005, and the remainder was renamed Telent.
Operations
In September 2000, Marconi announced the formation of global Technology Centers.
The three Enterprise Technology Centers were based in San Jose, California; Vienna, Virginia; and Israel. The San Jose Technology Center, which had been responsible for management of Marconi's gigabit Ethernet solutions, broadened its research focus to include development of application-oriented platforms, connection-oriented uplinks between connection and connectionless networks, deep packet inspection solutions, and predictable quality of service. The center in Israel concentrated its research and development on AI-based network behavior and the Virginia center focused on AI-based network management.
References
External links
Official website, archived in June 2005
British companies established in 1998
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
Computer companies of the United Kingdom
Defunct telecommunications companies of the United Kingdom
Computer companies established in 1998
Electronics companies established in 1998
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
General Electric Company
Computer companies disestablished in 2006
Electronics companies disestablished in 2006
2006 mergers and acquisitions
Ericsson
British companies disestablished in 2006 |
10709120 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zurich%20metropolitan%20area | Zurich metropolitan area | The European Metropolitan Region of Zurich (EMRZ), also Greater Zurich Area (GZA, German ), the metropolitan area surrounding Zürich, is one of Europe’s economically strongest areas and Switzerland’s economic centre.
It comprises the area that can be reached within a roughly 80-minute drive from Zurich Airport. Home to many international companies, it includes most of the Canton of Zurich, and stretches as far as the Aargau and Solothurn in the west, Thurgau, St. Gallen and parts of Grisons in the east, Schaffhausen in the north and Zug and parts of Schwyz and Glarus in the south. Roughly three million people live in the area.
The Swiss federal office for statistics defines an unofficial metropolitan area as including all areas where more than one twelfth workforce commutes to the core area.
According to the 2000 Swiss census, this includes a total of 220 municipalities in seven cantons: 127 in the canton of Zurich, 58 in Aargau, 11 in Schwyz, 10 in Zug, 9 in Schaffhausen, 3 in Thurgau and 2 in St. Gallen. The area covered by these municipalities is 2103 km² (excluding Lake Zurich and Greifensee), inhabited by a population of 1.8 million.
Numerous Swiss and international corporations are based in the area, profiting from benefits such as
the low tax rate
the low cost of doing business, excellent infrastructure
the high quality of life
the dominant financial sector Zurich
The Greater Zurich Area AG, a nonprofit organization, is the marketing association for the Greater Zurich Area business region. It recruits international companies abroad and assists them with setting up companies and making investments in the Greater Zurich Area. Its sponsor is the Stiftung Greater Zurich Area Standortmarketing, a public-private partnership that was established in November 1998. Since that time, its membership has grown to include the cantons of Glarus, Grisons, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Ticino, Uri, Zug and Zurich, the cities of Zurich and Winterthur, several businesses and universities. Switzerland and the Greater Zurich Area have the prerequisites for innovation and sustainable growth. This is due to political stability, a large talent pool and the ETH Zurich as one of the best universities in Europe. Companies such as Google, Microsoft, IBM, Disney, ABB, Biogen, Johnson & Johnson and Roche operate important research and development (R&D) sites in the Zurich metropolitan area.
Important Industries:
Life Sciences: Biotech, Medtech
Information Technology: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Vision, Virtual Reality & Augmented Reality, Cybersecurity
Fintech & Blockchain
Robotics & Intelligent Systems: Robotics, Drone Technology, Computer Vision
Industry 4.0 & Advanced Manufacturing
The association Zurich Airport Region (Flughafenregion Zürich) is responsible for the business network and location promotion in the immediate vicinity of Zurich Airport. Large companies are headquartered in the Zurich Airport Region: Swissport International (Glattbrugg), Gategroup (Kloten), Dormakaba (Rümlang), SV Group (Dübendorf), SR Technics (Kloten), Hotelplan (Glattbrugg), Hewlett-Packard Switzerland (Dübendorf), Flughafen Zürich AG (Kloten), Jumbo (Dietlikon), UPC Switzerland (Wallisellen), Coca-Cola HBC Switzerland (Brüttisellen), Edelweiss Air (Kloten), CSC Switzerland (Dübendorf), Canon Switzerland (Wallisellen), Qualipet (Dietlikon), Gamma Renax (Dübendorf), Infosys Consulting (Kloten), Microsoft Switzerland (Wallisellen), Ricoh Switzerland (Wallisellen), Tchibo Switzerland (Wallisellen), Vifor Pharma (Glattbrugg) .
The following eleven municipalities belong to the Swiss economic metropolis "Zurich Airport Region": Bassersdorf, Bülach, Dietlikon, Dübendorf, Kloten, Nürensdorf, Oberglatt, Opfikon, Rümlang, Wallisellen and Wangen-Brüttisellen. In the broader sense, many other communities and cities belong to the airport region of Zurich. The office of the association with over 500 members is located in Opfikon-Glattbrugg. Christoph Lang heads the office. René Huber (Mayor of Kloten) is the president of the association's board.
See also
List of metropolitan areas in Switzerland
References
Greater Zurich Area AG
Ralph Etter, Appenzell als Teil der "Greater Zurich Area" – Chancen, Risiken und Handlungsansätze (2003)
Zürcher Wirtschaftsförderung unter der Lupe, Neue Zürcher Zeitung 26 October 2006.
Patrick Dümmler, Alain Thierstein, The European metropolitan region of Zurich : a cluster of economic clusters?, ETH Zurich, Institute for National, Regional and Local Planning, Chair of Spatial Development, 2002
Geography of the canton of Zürich
Metropolitan areas of Switzerland
Regions of Switzerland |
7379248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River%20Lemon | River Lemon | The River Lemon is a 9.9 mile (16 kilometre) river in the county of Devon in southwest England. It is a tributary of the River Teign, starting on Dartmoor by Haytor, and ending in Newton Abbot. It rises on the south-east side of Dartmoor near Haytor, joins with the River Sig and the Langworthy Brook at Sigford, then passes the village of Bickington. Lower down, it is joined by the Kestor Brook and it then flows through the woods in Bradley Valley, past the manor house of Bradley, and through the town of Newton Abbot where it flows through a 440-yard-long tunnel below the town centre. Just below the town, the river joins the River Teign at , near the head of its estuary.
A considerable length of the River is designated as a Special Area of Conservation - The South Hams SAC for the Greater Horseshoe Bat, as protected flight corridors (this area extends 500m each side of the River).
The name Lemon is a derivative of a Celtic word meaning elm.
Floods
The river has several times caused major flooding in Newton Abbot, most notably on 19 December 1853, 14 November 1894, 6 August 1938, and 27 December 1979. To prevent further occurrences, a flood-control reservoir and dam were built in 1982, just below the confluence with the Kestor Brook at Holbeam.
In December 2013, Nick Mutton, a local primary school teacher, died while trying to rescue his dog from the river. He was dragged from where he fell in to near Tucker's Maltings, on the other side of the town. The river was high due to torrential rain, causing the River Lemon to overflow.
Industrial use
During its operation from 1898 to 1974, the Newton Abbot power station discharged its used cooling water into the Lemon, having extracted it from the River Teign.
See also
Puritan's Pit, located in the valley of the River Lemon, and notable as a place of worship for Nonconformists in the 17th century
References
Bibliography
Rivers of Devon
Dartmoor
1Lemon |
22922413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nair%20ceremonies%20and%20customs | Nair ceremonies and customs | There are numerous ceremonies and customs adopted by the Nair caste, who are prominent in the South Indian state of Kerala.
Ceremonial Art forms
Kalarippayattu
The Kalarippayattu training was undergone by every youth of Nair community. However it was not the sole prerogative of only the Nairs, for there were some Muslims, Christians, Ezhavas, and even Brahmins who practiced and mastered the techniques of Kalarippayattu.
Kathakali
Kathakali is a dance-drama which portrays scenes from Hindu epics or stories. It is a classical dance form of Kerala, demanding long years of training. Believed to have evolved from Ramanattam, another classical art form composed by Kottarakkara Thampuran, Kathakali incorporates the techniques of some of the major ritual art forms of Kerala. The dance drama was historically performed exclusively by Nairs and had always traditionally been associated with them. Nair rulers and chiefs had patronized the art and Kathakali had foundations in Nair military training and religious customs.
Velakali
Velakali is a ritualistic martial art form performed by Nair men in some temples of southern Kerala.The art form depicts the fight sequence between the Pandavas and Kauravas. It originated in Ambalappuzha where Mathoor Panicker, chief of the Chempakasserri army, to boost the martial spirit of the people. Dancers wear colourful and attractive costumes similar to that of the Nair soldiers of the olden days. The dancers carry a painted shield in their left hand and a stick (Churikakkol) in their right hand and the performance resembles the actions in a battle. Percussion instruments like Thakil, Shudhamaddalam, Ilathalam, Kombu, and Kuzhal are used.
Earlier customs and traditions
Marumakkathayam and Tharavadu
Marumakkathayam is matriliny. Tharavad is subclan-household, which was matrilineal for Nairs. Tharavad was headed by eldest male member of the family (known as Karanavan) while other male members were known as Anandravan.
Sambandham (an earlier form of marriage) and related customs
In the past (before 1937 in Cochin, before 1928 in Travancore and before 1933 in Malabar) Nairs had three major marriage/rite of passage ceremonies. Kettu Kalyanam (mock marriage ceremony/ auspicious ceremony), Thirandu Kalyanam (menstrual ceremony) and Gunadosha-Sambandham/Pudamuri/Pudavakoda (cloth-giving ceremony, actual union).
Kettu Kalyanam (mock marriage ceremony)
Elaborate auspicious ceremony that resembles real marriage of patrilineal castes. Tali-tying rite. Regarded as relic of a past (before ~1200) when Nairs too were patrilineal.
Sambandham/Podamuri/Pudava Koda/Mundukoda (lit.cloth-giving. Marriage alliance, where divorce is permitted, unlike in Vedic Vivaha)
The Sambandham ritual was less religious than the thaali and puberty rites, and literally means "alliance" or "relationship". It was a form of marriage alliance between men and women following marumakkathayam. The ritual was comparatively simple. It involves the groom, of same or higher subcaste/caste of bride, whose horoscope has been checked and matched with that of the bride, giving a piece of cloth (Pudava) to the bride in front of a lit lamp (symbolizing Agni) and eight auspicious objects (Ashtamangalyam), with witness of bride's kin and groom's friends/kin. Sambandham was not necessarily a permanent arrangement (unlike Vedic Vivaha of Brahmins, and many other castes, where concept of divorce did not exist), even though in many or most cases it was life-long. However it was this innate weakness, ie, divorce being permitted, of sambandham that helped maintaining the integrity of the matrilineal tharavadu.
Sambandham can denote hypergamy between Nair women and Namboothiri men as well. Among the Namboodiris only the eldest son was permitted to marry (Veli, or Vedic Vivaha) within own caste (primogeniture) to maintain the integrity of ancestral property. The remaining younger sons contracted Sambandhams with Kshatriya or Samantan princesses, Ambalavasi or Nair ladies. Since the offspring of these alliances were, as per Marumakkathayam, legally members of their mothers castes and families, the Namboodiri father would not be legally obliged to provide for them, but in most cases would give a part of self acquired property. This was known as Putravakasham (son's right) or Acchankoduthathu (father's gift). For the matrilineal castes in turn Sambandhams with Brahmins were a matter of prestige and social status. Thus Sambandham was in both ways a gain to the castes involved. Namboodiri-Kshatriya and Namboodiri-Nair Sambandhams may also be considered morganatic marriages for while the husband was of higher social status and the mother of relatively lower status, the children were still considered legitimate although they did not inherit the titles or wealth of their fathers. However, Marxist and feminist anthropologist, Kathleen Gough argues that there is little evidence that polyandry was rarely practiced in few areas, before 1800, while famous Kerala historian and anthropologist K. M. Panikkar has stated that "Nairs have no tradition of polyandry" in his 1918 paper about Nairs published by Royal anthropological institute.
In case of sambandham with Namboothiri men, the system benefited both the Namboothiri Brahmins as well as matrilineal castes like the Nairs for two reasons. First, Namboothiri Brahmins had institutionalized primogeniture, permitting only the eldest son to marry within the caste. Younger sons (also called aphans) in Namboothiri families were expected to establish sambandham with Nair, Ambalavasi (temple service caste), royal Samantan or Kshatriya women. This allowed Nambudiri Brahmins to have more influence through close blood-relations with the ruling elite and martial castes. Secondly, Nair families encouraged the sambandham arrangement with Namboothiri men, who were not involved in warfare and provided stable alliances, and also increasing their tharavadu and caste status.
References
Culture of Kerala |
1489721 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toll%20Group | Toll Group | The Toll Group is an Australian transportation and logistics company with operations in road, rail, sea, air and warehousing. It has three divisions; Global Express, Global Forwarding, Global Logistics. It is a subsidiary of Japan Post Holdings.
History
Built on a horse-and-cart coal hauling business begun in 1888 by Albert Toll in Newcastle, the Toll business was purchased by National Minerals in 1959. In 1962 it was purchased by mining conglomerate Peko-Wallsend. Under Peko-Wallsend, which used Toll for all its transport activities, Toll developed into a national carrier. In 1969 it merged with HH Chadwick to form Toll-Chadwick, and its new owners sought to integrate its businesses and expand into containerised shipping.
After being rebranded Toll Transport in 1985, the next year it was sold in a management buyout to Paul Little and Peter Rowsthorn with five depots and 125 trucks. In 1989 it was rebranded Toll Express after entering the interstate market and moved its headquarters from Newcastle to Melbourne. In 1991 it began operating in Tasmania with the purchase of Tasmania Express. In October 1993, it was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange.
In 1996, Toll Express purchased Brambles Transport Industries, followed by eight TNT transport and logistics businesses in 1997. In 1998 it acquired Ipec from Mayne Nickless.
In 2001, Toll took over competitor Finemores and the road transport interests of Wesfarmers taking its fleet to over 6,000 vehicles.
In 2002, Toll purchased BHP's stevedoring business, took a 50% share in Pacific National that took over the FreightCorp and National Rail Corporation businesses, acquired the Brambles Shipping business, including the ships Tasmanian Achiever and Victorian Reliance and the Mayne Express business.
In 2003, an 84% share in Tranz Rail was purchased and became Toll NZ. This was increased in 2007 to 100%. In 2008 the New Zealand rail and ferry operations were sold to KiwiRail.
In 2009, Toll took a 55% stake in the Toll Royal Railway, a joint venture with Kith Meng's Royal Group to takeover over the dilapidated metre-gauge network in Cambodia. This was sold in December 2014.
In July 2006 Toll acquired Patrick Corporation in a hostile takeover. In 2007 Patrick and Pacific National, were spun-off into a stand-alone listed company, Asciano. In 2007, Toll sold a 50% share in Toll Air Services, its aircraft ground handling business to dnata who purchased the remainder of the business in 2017. In 2012, Toll acquired a one-third shareholding in Bowmans Rail.
In 2015 Japan Post Holdings made a takeover offer for the Toll Group that was accepted. In 2019, the Bass Strait ships Tasmanian Achiever and Victorian Reliance were replaced by the ''Tasmanian Achiever II and the Victorian Reliance II.
In April 2021, Japan Post Holdings agreed to sell part of Toll Holdings for only 7.8 million Australian dollars. The offer was accepted despite the fact that Toll Holdings had lost 67.4 billion yen -- or roughly $624 million -- for the fiscal year which ended in March 2021.
Divisions
IPEC
The Interstate Parcel Express Company (IPEC) was established in January 1954 and operated two Peugeot utilities on express parcel services from Adelaide to Melbourne. By 1968 it was operating in all Australian capital cities.
In 1963, IPEC commenced operating interstate air freight services from Melbourne to Launceston service commencing with Douglas DC-3s chartered from Brain & Brown operating three services per night.
In 1966 IPEC began operating another interstate air freight service between Brisbane and Cowra that contravened the Two Airlines Policy using a chartered Air Express Holdings Bristol Freighter, where it connected with trucks to Melbourne. IPEC had already purchased a Douglas DC-4 in England, however the Federal Government would not allow it into Australia. The Cowra service ceased in 1967.
In 1977 IPEC imported two Argosys followed by a further two in 1978. In 1979, IPEC commenced operating services between Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane using chartered East-West Airlines Fokker F27 Friendships. A Douglas DC-9 was purchased in 1982.
In October 1979, IPEC purchased British freight company Sayer Transport Group. In December 1980 it purchased Skypack International with operations in 26 countries. IPEC owned the Angus & Robertson publishing business until selling it to News Corporation in May 1981. In 1983 Skypack International was sold to Thomas Nationwide Transport.
In 1983 Mayne Nickless purchased a 50% shareholding. In 1998 IPEC was purchased by Toll and rebranded Toll IPEC.
In July 2007, Toll Holdings Limited acquired Victorian Express Pty Ltd which provided intrastate express freight services within Victoria.
Global Express
Toll Global Express is a logistics and transportation division of the group. In 2012 it had plans to extend its compressed natural gas-powered fleet to more than 70 trucks. In 2014 it announced a $150-million, 71,000-square-metre, parcel-sorting centre near Melbourne Airport, to be built in partnership with Australia Pacific Airports.
Toll agreed to sell the division to Allegro Funds in April 2021.
Global Forwarding
Toll Global Forwarding (TGF) provides international freight forwarding and supply chain management services that range from complex supply chain services through to port-to-port freight forwarding movements.
It has eight business units: Americas; Australia and New Zealand; Greater China; South Africa and Zambia; United Kingdom and Ireland; Mainland Europe; Middle East and Indian Sub Continent; and South East Asia. Headquartered in Hong Kong, it has a global network of over 70 offices in over 30 countries throughout Asia, Europe, North America, Africa, Australia, New Zealand and the Middle East.
In the 2014 financial year Toll Global Forwarding transacted an ocean freight volume of 542,000 TEUs and an air freight volume 114,000 tonnes.
TGF is the largest freight forwarder (in total TEU volume) to Asia. Toll has a diverse fleet that can move freight in a range of sizes and configurations. Toll has a specialised fleet to transport perishable freight.
Geographic Reach
In 2014 TGF reported they had more than 130 offices in 25 countries and about 5,500 employees.
The division's global reach is to more than 220 countries and territories. TGF is active in six major trade lanes: Asia and Australia and New Zealand; Asia and the USA; Asia and Europe; Asia and the UK; Asia and South Africa; and Intra Asia. In 2014 TGF reported they are moving forward from acquisition to consolidation, and restructure to re-engineering and growth. During the 2014 financial year, TGF reduced costs and improved productivity.
In 2011 Toll acquired SAT Albatros (SAT), a Dubai-based provider of sea-air services.
In 2010 Toll acquired United States freight forwarder Summit Logistics.
In 2010 they acquired WT SeaAir and Genesis Forwarding. The acquisitions added significant scale to the Toll Global Forwarding division in Europe.
In 2009 Toll acquired Logistic Distribution Systems (LDS), a Dubai-based international freight forwarding company.
In 2009 Toll acquired Express Logistics Group (ELG), one of New Zealand's largest freight forwarding companies.
In 2008 Toll acquired BALtrans Logistics.
Global Logistics
Toll Global Logistics (TGL) is a division of the Toll Group. It provides what it calls "integrated logistics solutions" across the Asia Pacific region.
The division offers a range of transport, warehousing and value-added services.
Fleet
The division operates a fleet of air, sea, rail and road vehicles and vessels. The fleet has more than 19,000 vehicles including courier trucks, prime movers, b-doubles, and trailers; and 13,000 units of containers, ships, vessels and aeroplanes operating across the Asia Pacific region. In Singapore specifically, TGL was reported in 2011 as owning small cargo ships, which ferry container trucks to and from nearby ports in neighbouring Malaysia and Indonesia and a fleet of trucks consisting of about 70 Hino, Fuso and UD prime movers that have roughly seven single trailers for each mover. In Vietnam TGL has over 300 trucks.
Geographic Reach
The division has over 600 facilities in 15 countries and employs about 10,000 people. Its focus is on providing localised supply chain logistics.
In China, Toll can deliver within 48 hours to 70 percent of the cities in Pan-China region. In Taiwan Toll can deliver within 24 hours to 90% of the island-wide points of delivery. In Thailand Toll can deliver to all provinces within 72 hours.
In Indonesia, it has six distribution centres and in Korea the division has two centres. In Vietnam Toll has 15 sites. In Thailand, Toll can reach all provinces within 72 hours and cover over 4,000 drop points. Toll operates more than 20 logistics facilities in mainland China and delivers to over 1,600 cities across China.
Former divisions
Toll Domestic Forwarding apparently disappeared in a restructuring in 2017.
Toll Resources & Government Logistics, assumed restructured.
Sponsorships
Motorsport
In 1998, company CEO Paul Little established a V8 Supercars team to promote the business. Paul Little Racing competed for seven years as a minnow team with Anthony Tratt driving, before Little closed the team and began sponsoring front-runners HSV Dealer Team with Rick Kelly and Garth Tander winning the 2006 and 2007 drivers' championships, before moving in 2008 with Tander to the sister Holden Racing Team until the end of the 2013 season.
Other
In 2013, Toll Group was announced as a sponsor of the Amy Gillett Foundation, an Australian cycling advocacy group promoting road safety. In 2016, Toll partnered with Driver Reviver, a community program advocating safe driving behaviour by encouraging motorists to take breaks while driving long distances.
References
External links
Australian subsidiaries of foreign companies
Companies based in Melbourne
Companies formerly listed on the Australian Securities Exchange
Conglomerate companies of Australia
Logistics companies of Australia
Transport companies established in 1888
Transport companies of Australia
1888 establishments in Australia
1993 initial public offerings |
64449552 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peri%20Horne | Peri Horne | Peri Horne (born 21 April 1932) is a British figure skater. She competed in the pairs event at the 1952 Winter Olympics.
References
1932 births
Living people
British female pair skaters
Olympic figure skaters of Great Britain
Figure skaters at the 1952 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from London |
25828373 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%20case | Alpha case | In metallurgy, alpha case is the oxygen-enriched surface phase that occurs when titanium and its alloys are exposed to heated air or oxygen. Alpha case is hard and brittle, and tends to create a series of microcracks which will reduce the metal's performance and its fatigue properties. Alpha case can be minimized or avoided by processing titanium at very deep vacuum levels. However once present on the surface, the currently applied method to remove the Alpha case is by the subtractive methods of machining and /or chemical milling. An emerging technique is to subject the metal to an electrochemical treatment in molten salts, such as calcium chloride or lithium chloride at elevated temperatures. This method, as proven in laboratory, is effective in removal of the dissolved oxygen from the alpha case, and hence recovery of the metal. However, the unwanted consequence of the high temperature treatment is the growth of the grains in the metal. Grain growth may be limited by lowering the molten salt temperature. Alternatively, the metal may be rolling-pressed again to break the large grains into smaller ones
References
Titanium
Metallurgy |
32921468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyposmocoma%20pupumoehewa | Hyposmocoma pupumoehewa | Hyposmocoma pupumoehewa is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It is endemic to Maui.
The wingspan is 11–12.2 mm for males and 11.4–13.8 mm for females.
The larvae have been observed feeding on snails of the genus Tornatellides. They use silk to bind snails to nearby leaves and force their way into the snail's shell to feed. The larvae live in a larval case which has the form of an elongated structure with one entrance at each end. It is decorated with bits of sand and pebbles heavily woven with silk filaments. In the wild, lichen and empty snail shells are also used.
Etymology
The specific name is derived from the Hawaiian, pūpū (meaning snail) and moehewa (meaning nightmare) and refers to the unique feeding habits of the caterpillars.
References
pupumoehewa
Endemic moths of Hawaii
Moths described in 2011 |
69043602 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland%20Legislative%20District%205 | Maryland Legislative District 5 | Maryland's Legislative District 5 is one of 47 districts in the state for the Maryland General Assembly. It covers part of Carroll County.
Demographic characteristics
As of the 2020 United States census, the district had a population of 131,865, of whom 103,299 (78.3%) were of voting age. The racial makeup of the district was 114,178 (86.6%) White, 4,795 (3.6%) African American, 311 (0.2%) Native American, 2,432 (1.8%) Asian, 49 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 2,232 (1.7%) from some other race, and 7,878 (6.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5,648 (4.3%) of the population.
The district had 95,522 registered voters as of October 17, 2020, of whom 19,265 (20.2%) were registered as unaffiliated, 49,658 (52.0%) were registered as Republicans, 25,112 (26.3%) were registered as Democrats, and 800 (0.8%) were registered to other parties.
Political representation
The district is represented for the 2020–2021 Legislative Session in the State Senate by Justin D. Ready (R) and in the House of Delegates by Susan W. Krebs (R), April R. Rose (R) and Haven N. Shoemaker Jr. (R).
References
Carroll County, Maryland
05
05 |
32581925 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandar%20Vukovi%C4%87 | Aleksandar Vuković | Aleksandar Vuković (, ; born 25 August 1979) is a Serbian-Polish football manager and former professional player. He currently manages the Ekstraklasa side Legia Warsaw.
Career
He started his career at Borac Banja Luka. Still young, he moved to FK Partizan youth team. Where he played until 2000. While in Serbia, he also played for FK Teleoptik and FK Milicionar. Vuković became a citizen of Poland on 13 June 2008. He has signed a contract with new club – Iraklis Thessaloniki F.C. on 17 December 2008. He ended his football career in the Polish Ekstraklasa side Korona Kielce.
In 2019–2020 he was the Legia Warsaw's coach. He won the Polish Championship in the 2019–20 Ekstraklasa season. He was dismissed in the following season, after quickly dropping out of a UEFA Champions League qualifying and the league defeat at Górnik Zabrze.
On 13 December 2021 he was once again announced as the manager of Legia, following Marek Gołębiewski's resignation a day prior after an defeat to Wisła Płock, which had Legia drop to last in the league. In his first match after his return, Legia defeated Zagłębie Lubin 4-0 and left the Ekstraklasa's relegation zone.
Managerial statistics
References
External links
Serbian footballers
Serbian expatriate footballers
FK Partizan players
FK Teleoptik players
FK Milicionar players
Ergotelis F.C. players
Legia Warsaw players
Iraklis Thessaloniki F.C. players
Korona Kielce players
Ekstraklasa players
Super League Greece players
Association football midfielders
Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Expatriate footballers in Greece
Serbian expatriates in Greece
Expatriate footballers in Poland
Serbian expatriates in Poland
Sportspeople from Banja Luka
1979 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of Poland
Polish people of Serbian descent
Legia Warsaw managers
Serbian football managers
Serbian expatriate football managers |
18704295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnebago%2C%20Wisconsin | Winnebago, Wisconsin | Winnebago is an unincorporated community in the Town of Oshkosh in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located just outside the northeast edge of the city of Oshkosh. The Winnebago Mental Health Institute is located in Winnebago. The ZIP code is: 54985. U.S. Route 45 ran through the community until the road's route was moved west; the former route is now occupied by County Highway A.
2017 water issues
The community residents began receiving water and sewer utilities from the Winnebago Health Institute in the 1940s. In April 2017, 24 community residents received a letter from the state of Wisconsin stating that it will be shutting off their water and sewer on August 1, 2017. The institute receives water from the City of Oshkosh which annexed the institute in 1998; the institute had sent letters to the town and city asking for them to come up with a solution.
Notable people
Gene Englund, basketball player
Images
Notes
Unincorporated communities in Winnebago County, Wisconsin
Unincorporated communities in Wisconsin |
8671557 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway%20accidents%20in%20New%20South%20Wales | Railway accidents in New South Wales | The railways of New South Wales, Australia have had many incidents and accidents since their formation in 1831. There are close to 1000 names associated with rail-related deaths in NSW on the walls of the Australian Railway Monument in Werris Creek. Those killed were all employees of various NSW railways. The details below include deaths of employees and the general public.
Accidents involving loss of life
Locomotive No.1, 1858
This locomotive, built in 1855 by Robert Stephenson with three others for the first real railway line in New South Wales, was involved in two fatal accidents. The first occurred as a derailment on 10 July 1858. The locomotive was pulling two open third-class carriages, a first- and a second-class carriage between Sydney and Parramatta. Near Homebush, the two third-class compartments left the rails and toppled down an embankment. There were thirty people in the two carriages, of whom two were killed, one a solicitor, the other a market gardener. In the ensuing investigation, reported in the Sydney Morning Herald, it was suggested that the problem was caused by damage to the hollow-cast rails which were not able to withstand the weight of the locomotive. Rail workers, some of whom witnessed the derailment, claimed that the problem was caused, at least in part, by the practice of loose-coupling the lightweight third-class carriages in the same way as heavy goods trucks. The matter also drew to the attention of the managers the fact that the price of first class travel, at four shillings, was so exorbitant that even the wealthiest citizens of Sydney chose to travel in the open carriages.
The Newtown collision, 1868
On 6 January 1868, a man was killed when Locomotive No. 1 collided with a passenger train at Newtown station. The locomotive was severely damaged and retired. It is now on display at the Powerhouse Museum. Newtown station was at that time located west of the present station, its platform eventually forming part of the foundation of Crago's Flour Mill.
Emu Plains Collision, 1878
On the night of 30 January 1878, head-on collision between two goods trains. One of the drivers (Michael Stephenson) survived and the other driver and the firemen of both trains together with a guard riding in the cab of the up train, were killed. The primitive system of working the trains was found to be responsible.
Bethungra (Cootamundra) train disaster, 1885
On 25 January 1885, the Melbourne-Sydney mail train derailed between Bethungra and Cootamundra, killing seven and injuring over 20. The cause was a washaway of a culvert over Salt Clay Creek during a period of heavy rainfall.
See also Salt Clay Creek railway disaster
Peats Ferry, 1887
On 21 June 1887, an excursion train from Sydney ran out of control down the steep Cowan Bank. There were two other trains full of holidaymakers standing at the platforms at Hawkesbury River station and disaster was only averted by the alert station master who could hear the roaring engine and frantic whistling. He dispatched a railway porter to throw the points lever open and divert the runaway down a siding that led to the new bridge site. The train lost speed along the railway causeway out to Long Island and collided with some empty wagons. The locomotive slid off the embankment and ended up partially submerged in the river. The engine driver was trapped in the cabin and drowned but the fireman escaped. The toll was six dead and seventy injured.
The Bathurst Accident, 1890
On 25 April 1890, an Up mixed train, after shunting at Kelso, climbed the 1 in 50 grade to Raglan where it again stopped to unload parcels as well as pick and set down passengers. The drawbar between the third and fourth vehicles broke, releasing the bulk of the train which commenced to run back down the hill, there being no continuous air-brake throughout the train. The runaway vehicles ran all the way down the grade, across the Macquarie River Railway Bridge and into Bathurst yard where they collided with the following goods train. Four passengers in the rear of the Mixed train were killed and three others injured.
Tarana, 1892
On 27 April 1892, eight passengers were killed by a derailment of the rear carriages of a western-bound mail train caused by a broken rail.
Redfern Rail Collision, 1894
On 31 October 1894, the 9.31 am, six carriage local train travelling from Strathfield was approaching the terminus at Redfern. As the train reached the signalbox, it was hit without warning by the 9.30 am train bound for Goulburn, which apparently departed against a stop signal. The Goulburn-bound train was only travelling at an estimated 10 kilometres per hour, however the accident was devastating in terms of damage, injury and loss of life. Steam and hot cinders killed 13 passengers, including Edward Lloyd Jones the chairman of David Jones Limited, and twenty seven were injured.
Orton Park, Bathurst, 1898
On 4 June 1898, the 1:50 am No.29 down train departed Bathurst. As it passed Orton Park the driver, Mr. Sargeant, became aware that it had run over something. He reported the matter on arrival at George's Plains, by telephone to Bathurst. Mr. Rains, the Night Stationmaster, sent the shunting engine and shunters Mayo and Musgrave to find out what the something was. Shunter Musgrave returned at 2:50 am to report that they had found the mangled, headless remains of a man. Constable Brennan went out by the No.61 down mail to assist in the search, for body parts, and take charge of the remains. Some time elapsed before the head was discovered some distance from the body. The remains were then taken to the Bathurst Hospital. Although formal identification took some time, due to disfigurement from the accident, the body was initially identified as Herbert Thomas Smith, a 38-year-old Bathurst carpenter, from the contribution book of the Oddfellows Lodge, that was on the body. From the marks observed on the front of the engine, it was supposed that Mr. Smith was on his feet and became confused as the train approached. After being hit he then fell across the line and was literally cut to pieces. Death would have been instantaneous. He was returning from a job in Rockley and it is thought he chose to walk on the line as the track was too muddy due to recent rain. A subsequent Inquest found that the deceased had come to his death by being accidentally run over by a train and exonerated the driver from all blame.
Sydenham derailment, 1901
Seven people were killed, including the fireman, and twenty six injured when a steam locomotive and two passenger cars derailed just south of Sydenham station.
The withdrawal of the F-class steam locomotives from passenger service was the result of this derailment. The train involved was the 5:55 pm from Sydney, bound for Hurstville. Shortly after passing Sydenham Junction, the engine suddenly left the rails, shot off the track to the left in the vicinity of the level crossing at Bridge Street, collided with and smashed the crossing gate and signal post and travelled some distance down Bridge Street before coming to a stand.
Lithgow Zig-Zag, 1908
On 8 December 1908, a locomotive hauling a Sydney-bound stalled on the 1 in 30 gradient near the Clarence tunnel. The engine-driver decided to divide the train. Unfortunately the engineman's mate did not release the air in the brakes. The second portion of the trained rolled downwards. The train's guard fell from his guard van and was injured. However, the guard of a stationary goods train that the runaway wagons ran into was killed.
Ardglen Tunnel, 1909
On 27 November 1909, the fireman on engine T727 was scalded to death by escaping steam spewed from its funnel in the Ardglen Tunnel (between Werris Creek and Murrurundi.)
Brooklyn, 1913
On 8 October 1913 at around 10:00 pm, a migrant who was employed as a packer on the railway, was run over by a north-bound train and killed. The body, which was terribly mutilated, was not found till about 6.00am the following morning (9th).
Exeter, 1914
On 13 March 1914, fourteen passengers killed and thirty-two injured when the Temora mail train crashed into a stationary train.
Moss Vale, 1914
On 12 May 1914, one killed and five injured in the vicinity of Bong Bong Bridge when an express goods train from Goulburn crashed into the rail trolley on which they were travelling.
Hurstville train disaster, 1920
On 30 August 1920, five people were killed when a train shunted into the back of a locomotive at Hurstville station.
The Aberdeen Accident, 1926
Derailment of Brisbane Express caused by faulty track and collapse of flood openings by washaways. Five people were killed and 39 injured.
Murulla train accident, 1926
On 13 September 1926, a collision at Murulla. The collision resulted in the death of 26 persons.(Gunn has 27 fatalities.)
Eastwood, 1940
An engine driver was killed in similar circumstance to the Eastwood, 1948 accident detailed below.
Brooklyn, 1944
Total of sixteen were killed and at least four others critically injured following a collision on 15 January 1944 between the Tamworth mail train and a bus at a level crossing a short distance from Hawkesbury River station. The engine of the train struck the bus, which contained 21 passengers.
Central, 1947
On 24 December 1947, a man was struck and killed by a train at Central station.
Sefton, 1947
On 24 December 1947, a man was struck and killed by a train near Sefton station probably whilst crossing the line to visit his daughter's home.
Redfern, 1947
On 25 December 1947, a man collapsed and fell in front of a train. The man was killed.
Bundanoon/Tallong, 1947
On 23 December 1947, an army private, Bryan Williams (18), was killed on the roof of a train a result of his head striking an overhead bridge.
Rocky Ponds (Harden), 1948
1948 Rocky Ponds rail disaster
On 30 June 1948, four persons were killed and 19 injured when the crowded South-West mail train plunged down a 9-metre (30 feet). embankment near Harden, about 370 km (230 miles) south of Sydney, just before 5 am.
Sodwalls, 1950
On 3 April 1950, a railway fireman was killed and the driver seriously injured when a petrol tanker on a derailed train blew up. The explosion happened when a railway embankment, weakened by heavy rain, collapsed, and the locomotive, with several trucks, plunged into a 30 ft deep cavity near Bathurst. The train was travelling between Tarana and Sodwalls at about 10 pm. It was pulling trucks carrying oil, timber, and at least one petrol tanker.
Berala train collision, 1952
On 7 May 1952 in conditions of heavy fog, a fully laden passenger train ran into the rear of a stationary passenger train at Berala station. A crowded eight-car suburban train from Liverpool to Sydney was standing in the station at Berala when a second, equally crowded train from Bankstown ran into the rear (in heavy fog conditions) killing 10 people and injuring 140. Four of the carriages of the Liverpool train were telescoped into each other, with the dead being in the last two. The crash was so severe it was heard 4.5 km away. A belated commemoration service was held 50 years later.
The Bankstown train had tripped past a train stop at red, in accordance with the rules.
Sydenham rail disaster, 1953
On 19 December 1953, five people were killed and 748 injured when a Bankstown-bound train crashed into the rear of an East Hills train at Sydenham station. A signal electrician was manipulating a failed track circuit relay, but was distracted and forgot to release the track circuit when the train passed, causing a wrong side failure and the collision.
Robertson, 1962
On 4 August 1962, a driver (Treharne) was killed when three 44 class locomotives (4432, 4434 and 4439) in a runaway train smashed into a stationary goods train at Robertson.
Liverpool, 1962
On the evening of 12 July 1962, a goods train hauled by two diesel locomotives crashed into the rear of a passenger train on a viaduct south of Liverpool station. Two men, a guard and a signalman, were killed and seven injured.
Liverpool train collision, 1965
On 31 October 1965, a freight train collided with a stationary electric passenger train waiting to depart Liverpool station in Sydney's south western suburbs. One person was killed and four people were injured. The cause was the driver of the freight train having fallen asleep.
Kempsey, 1968
On 9 December 1968, the North Coast Daylight Express collided with a school bus at the Middleton St level crossing in Kempsey. Four schoolgirls were killed and 17 people were injured including 15 children.
A further two of the injured schoolgirls died in the days following the incident.
Borenore train collision, 1970
On 31 July 1970, the Silver City Comet passenger express had a head-on collision with a stationary Indian Pacific train at Borenore, near Orange. The driver of the Comet and an elderly female passenger were killed, with at least twenty injured.
Heathcote train collision, 1970
On 29 October 1970, three people were killed when a rail motor collided into the rear of a stationary goods train.
Robertson, 1972
On 6 May 1972, a head-on collision between locomotives 4525 and 4462 at Robertson resulted in the death of a railway fireman who was set alight by blazing diesel oil. A driver was charged with manslaughter.
Dunheved, 1972
On 18 May 1972, at the munitions factory crossing St Mary's, there was a railway accident that resulted in the death of a Federal Police Officer. The vehicle he was travelling in was struck by the train whilst the man was on his way to work at the factory sentry post.
Mellilee, 1974
On 26 October 1974, there was a head-on collision between two goods trains. The collision derailed fourteen carriages. A train fireman, injured in the collision subsequently died.
Gunnedah, 1975
On 13 May 1975, the driver of the Northern Tablelands Express and a railways inspector were killed when the train ploughed into a semi-trailer on a level crossing near Gunnedah.
Glenbrook, 1976
On 16 January 1976, one man died and ten others were badly injured when a heavily laden goods train ploughed into the rear of a four-car passenger train 500 metres short of Glenbrook station.
Granville railway disaster, 1977
On 18 January 1977, electric locomotive 4620, while hauling an 8-car train travelling from the Blue Mountains to Sydney, derailed at Granville, hitting a row of supports of an overhead road bridge, causing the bridge to collapse on to two passenger cars of the derailed train. 83 people died and more than 200 were badly injured in this, Australia's worst-ever railway disaster.
Burbong, 1979
On 21 March 1979, a woman was killed and her son injured in a level-crossing accident near Queanbeyan.
Valley Heights train collision, 1982
On 18 July 1982, there was a collision between a moving empty wheat train and the previous empty coal train which was stationary at Valley Heights station. The collision took place in the early hours around 2 am. There was a risk of explosion from the leakage of gas from two cylinders in the brake van. The driver of the wheat train was killed. The guard of the coal train was only slightly injured, even though the brake van in which he was travelling was reduced to splinters.
South Windsor, 1984
On 13 February 1984, a train driver was killed when a train hit a semi-trailer. The train's guard was seriously injured.
Cowan, 1984
On 28 April 1984, the driver of a suburban train was crushed to death when it ploughed into the rear of a goods train 1 km from Cowan station. Four passengers were injured.
Wentworthville train derailment, 1989
On 27 December 1989, an eight car Tangara electric passenger train travelling west to Emu Plains became derailed just to the east of the station. Three of the eight carriages derailed, the rear car D6127 being destroyed by the impact with the platform and another, N5127 being condemned some months later. It was CityRail's first major Tangara accident. A 41-year-old male passenger who had to be cut from the wreckage of the rear car died later that day in Westmead Hospital.
(Brooklyn) Cowan Bank train disaster, 1990
On 6 May 1990, an electric interurban train travelling south between Newcastle and Sydney collided into the back of a chartered heritage tourist train, killing six and injuring 99 people. The heritage train (led by steam locomotive 3801) had stalled on the Cowan Bank, and dropped sand onto the track to increase traction resulting in a wrong side signal failure. Four fatalities resulted when the rear carriage of the heritage train was crushed by the impact from the electric interurban train. The driver and one passenger in the electric train were also killed. An interim ban was placed on heritage train operation in New South Wales following this disaster.
Parkes, 1991
Muswellbrook, 1998
On 9 August 1998, two rail maintenance workers, 31 and 50 years, were killed when an empty coal train rounded a sharp curve at 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph) and smashed into their truck, picking it up & spinning it into a cliff face. A third man who was on the tracks managed to leap to safety before the collision. The workers were part of 3 crews carrying out maintenance work on the Sandy Hollow-Ulan line near Muswellbrook. About 7 am the maintenance trucks were travelling along a gorge area beside the line when workers in the last truck noticed the train approaching & tried to warn the truck in the middle. Two of the crew from the middle truck had left the cabin, one closing a gate & the other picking up rocks from the line, leaving 2 men in the truck. The collision threw the men from the cabin & dragged debris 100m down the line. Despite the workers in the other trucks waving at them, the truck had insufficient time to move. The train driver, a guard and 2 workers were taken by the Westpac Rescue Helicopter to Newcastle for counselling. Rail Services Australia, employers of the victims, announced an investigation into the fatal crash. The investigation would focus on why both the maintenance crew and coal train were on the tracks at the same time & why no warning was given.
Robertson, 1998
On 19 May 1998, two train drivers died when their freight train derailed near Robertson. The train they were driving was 1BY4 Brisbane to Whyalla Steel Train headed by NR3, NR26 and NR57. At 05:30 in the pouring rain and heavy fog, the abutments of a recently replaced road overbridge collapsed onto the tracks. The leading locomotive derailed onto its side and the roof was ripped off by the abutments of the new bridge. The train then pushed the locomotive into a mound of mud before coming to a rest.
Glenbrook train disaster, 1999
On 2 December 1999, an interurban passenger train collided with the rear of the Indian Pacific long-distance passenger train waiting at a failed signal, resulting in seven fatalities.
Waterfall train disaster, 2003
On 31 January 2003, a driver of a southbound interurban electric Tangara passenger train, G7, travelling from Sydney to Wollongong suffered a heart attack, causing the train to derail at high speed south of Waterfall station, resulting in seven fatalities and multiple injuries.
Albury, 2006
On 5 June 2006, an XPT train was involved in an accident with a sedan driven into its path at an active level crossing. The deceased driver of the sedan was found to have a cannabis concentration to a level where his driving performance was almost certainly
impaired.
Back Creek, 2007
At approximately 1830 on Saturday 10 March 2007, a semi trailer loaded with hay bales and a hay baler drove into the path of empty grain train 3835 at the Tallabung to Back Creek Road level crossing The semi trailer driver was killed in the collision. The train derailed and, with the crushed semi trailer underneath the leading locomotive, travelled 144 m further onto and over the timber and concrete rail bridge over the Back Creek watercourse. The leading locomotive came to a rest off the track on the embankment past the bridge; the other two locomotives came to rest on the bridge. The wreckage caught fire following the collision, ultimately destroying all three locomotives, the bridge superstructure and the semi trailer. The train crew, although injured, were able to exit the leading locomotive and escape from the fire. The investigation found that the semi trailer driver drove into the path of the train without stopping at the level crossing's 'Stop' sign.
Newbridge (near Bathurst), 2010
On 5 May 2010 at 11:16 am, an excavator driver was killed when an XPT (WT27) service collided with his excavator. The man was part of a crew engaged in trackwork that did not obtain necessary track possessions before proceeding to cut up spare rails by the track, and was subsequently hit from behind by the XPT on a blind curve at 69 kilometres per hour. When the XPT collided with the excavator, the excavator was propelled along the track for about 20 m before the extended boom struck a utility vehicle parked on the southern side of the track. The excavator and utility vehicle were then pushed off the track and came to rest about 38 m from the point of initial impact.
Central, 2016
An elderly woman died 15 days from her injuries sustained from falling down the carriage steps of a V set by the force of the train being shunted into another train. She was departing from the train which had just returned from Newcastle and had delayed disembarking from the train to prevent holding up other passengers on 10 August 2016.
Tempe, 2017
A man was hit and killed by a train after he ran onto the tracks at Tempe railway station on 9 August 2017.
Oatley, 2018
On 22 April 2018, a boy escaped from his carers and was hit and killed by a train at Oatley. The boy had been missing since approximately 8:20 pm the previous Sunday and the locals of Oatley had banded together to help look for him. It was with great sorrow that his body was found early that morning and to this day the community still mourns his passing
Riverwood, 2018
At approximately some time before 14:50 on 5 September 2018, a man was struck and killed by a train at Riverwood railway station. He was on the tracks when he was killed and it is possible he was on the tracks with a friend spraying graffiti on a stationary train on the opposite track.
Accidents involving injuries only
Blandford, 1908
On 10 March 1908, the North-West mail train travelling from Moree to Sydney. Two carriages derailed. A female passenger sustained injuries.
Picton Lakes (Couridjah), 1911
On 31 October 1911, there was a collision between the Sydney–Melbourne Mail express and a stock train. Nine passengers reported minor injuries.
Hawkesbury River, 1925
A northbound goods train lost its brakes heading down Cowan Bank and ran into a stationary light engine stopped at Hawkesbury River station.
Riverstone, 1939
On Sunday 17 December 1939, a goods train collided with a passenger train at Riverstone on the Richmond line. Both engines and two carriages were thrown off the line and the permanent way was torn up for several yards. The train crews jumped from the locomotives when they saw that the collision was inevitable; the only man injured was Hilton Lynch, the fireman. The passengers were uninjured, although the collision was heard a considerable distance away.
Merrylands, 1945
On 24 January 1945, an electric passenger train travelling from Liverpool to the city jumped the track on the bend approaching Merrylands railway station, causing the first four carriages to derail. The lead carriage flipped and spun, ripping open the following three carriages. The lead car slid along the tracks for 40 yards (approximately 36.5 metres), tearing up the rail lines in both directions, and fell down an embankment. The accident also caused electrical and telephone lines to be brought down. The driver, John Baldock, and 12 passengers were injured. A 7-inch (nearly 18 cm) bolt placed on the track was attributed to have caused the derailment.
Rookwood, 1946
At about 7.45 am on 19 November 1946, the front two carriages of the 7.08 Liverpool to Wynyard service jumped the points and diverted onto the Sydney Abattoirs branch line, near Rookwood station. Both carriages derailed, and the second car began to topple, but hit a steel stanchion, which was bent into the "shape of a boomerang" by the impact. Somehow the stanchion held and prevented the carriage from falling over completely. Of the approximately 600 passengers on board, only two were immediately taken to hospital with injuries. Another five female passengers, who worked together at a Flemington spinning mill factory, were later transferred to hospital after they all collapsed at work.
Eastwood, 1948
On 25 June 1948, the crew of the early morning coast milk train were slightly injured when their locomotive overran a stop signal at exit points and derailed.
Between Hawkesbury River and Cowan Stations, 1948
On 11 June 1948, 100 people were injured when two express trains bound for Sydney collided.
Roseville Collision, 1950
Three trains collided between Roseville and Lindfield stations on 28 July 1950.
On the morning of 28 July, there was a serious dislocation of train traffic caused by the overhead power wiring fouling the down and up lines at Auburn, resulting in a complete recast of the affected electric services. To provide a reasonable service on the North Shore line, trains were transposed at Central, resulting in delays to trains and causing trains to catch up to those in front.
A down electric commuter train "tripped" past a signal showing stop at the down end of Roseville platform into the section occupied by the preceding train. After recharging the brake air supply, the driver proceeded at above a cautious speed (40 mph rather than 15 mph) and came into violent collision with the train ahead. At the same time an up train was passing and hit the emergency brakes but came into contact with the telescoped cars of the initial collision, tearing the sides of that train away. There were no cases of serious injury to passengers on the three trains.
The collision resulted in 3 carriages telescoping into the length of 1 carriage and remarkably only 10 passengers were taken to hospital.
The subsequent inquiry placed the blame on the train driver, Francis Barrett. Barrett testified before the inquiry that his eyes had left the track due to an uncontrollable fit of coughing.
An initial inquiry put the blame for the accident on a faulty train-stop trip brake equipment, but this was misleading.
Maldon, 1952
At 6.30 am on 7 May 1952, two goods trains collided with each other 100 yards from Maldon station, located between Picton and Douglas Park Stations in the Southern Highlands. One of the drivers was seriously injured and taken to Camden Hospital.
Lochinvar, 1959
On 19 August 1959, the North-West Mail ploughed into the rear of an almost stationary goods train. The fireman and driver of the mail train were injured.
Geurie, 1963
On 23 August 1963, nineteen passengers were injured when the Sydney-bound Bourke Mail train when it collided with the front end of a goods train fouling the main line.
Wentworth Falls, 1965
On 16 July 1965, two crew of a goods train were injured in a runaway train that derailed.
Robertson, 1965
On 25 December 1965, an Up Freight train collided with a standing freight train.
The moving freight train (Loco 4407)was traveling in an up direction entering the loop at Robertson station and coming out the other end and thus colliding with the stationary 45 class locomotive (Loco 4539) carrying freight in a down direction.
Bellata, 1968
On 20 April 1968, five men were injured when two goods trains collided head-on.
Riverstone, 1972
On 5 February 1972, four people were injured when the front carriage of a two-car motor train left the rails and plunged down a 10 ft embankment.
Gosford, 1982
On 11 January 1982, over twenty people were injured when an engine collided with a passenger train at the station.
Summer Hill, 1982
On 19 March 1982, thirty-nine people were injured when two trains collided.
St Marys, 1983
On 3 March 1983, twenty-four people were injured when a train derailed near St Marys station.
Lithgow, 1993
On 22 July 1993, the driver of an empty inter-urban electric passenger train was injured after his train ploughed into two stationary electric locomotives.
Beresfield Rail Collision, 1997
On 23 October 1997, a coal train collided into the rear of another coal train standing on the same track at Beresfield station in the Hunter Valley. The cause was a failure to stop at a signal. Six people were injured including the station master and a commuter who jumped from the platform moments before the collision. The crash resulted in dozens of coal-wagons tumbling over the platform and across the tracks, closing all four tracks of the Main Northern line and a virtual demolition of Beresfield station.
Concord west derailment, 1998
On 9 June 1998, a Tangara passenger train on a southbound movement in the early hours of the morning derailed between Concord West and North Strathfield stations ending up partially in a local street, and almost completely blocking all North and Southbound rail lines. The cause was excessive train speed by the driver as he passed over points switching the train to a relief line at mainline speed. It was found that the Driver had insufficient warning of the turnout due to previously radioed information and very close signals. The driver did not get a radio message he was going through on the main line he assumed he was because on some mornings it didn't do the rail clean. The lead car, D6114, was subsequently scrapped, though all other cars remained in service.
Hornsby derailment, 1999
On 9 July 1999, four cars of an eight-car electric passenger train were derailed when it was incorrectly diverted into a siding, causing the train to hit a gravel embankment and become entangled in power lines. Three passengers were taken to hospital with minor injuries.
Blue Mountains train fire, 2000
On 25 July 2000, a westbound interurban electric passenger train caught fire requiring the evacuation of the train and the hospitalisation of six people. The cause was thought to be an electrical fault in the roof of the leading carriage.
Kingsgrove derailment, 2000
On 6 October 2000, an eight car Tangara train derailed at low speed near Kingsgrove station on the East Hills line, causing the rear three carriages to topple onto its side. The cause was a track twist as a result of very high temperatures. Ten people were hospitalised.
Hexham derailment and crash, 2002
On 12 July 2002, a coal train derailed at the Newcastle suburb of Hexham due to a points failure. A signalman closed two of the four tracks at the site to traffic, however a passenger train on one of the adjacent pair of tracks continued onwards to collide with the derailed coal wagons, injuring eight people. The cause was found to be a breakdown in communication between train and signalling staff.
Sefton Junction derailment, 2007
In the early hours of the morning of 17 January 2007, two diesel locomotives hauling a Melbourne to Brisbane freight train derailed at Sefton junction in the western suburbs of Sydney. Diesel fuel was spilt from the leading locomotive. Following the derailment, the accident crane used to lift the leading locomotive (a QR National CLP class), toppled over trapping the crane driver, who was hospitalised after rescue by NSW Fire Brigades.
Homebush Derailment, 2009
In January, a train headed for Bankstown overshot the platform at Homebush, passed the signal at stop and derailed on the catchpoints. One passenger was injured climbing the stairs to exit the station. The investigation found that the SPAD and subsequent derailment was a consequence of an error by the Driver who misinterpreted which signal applied to his line. The Driver was relatively inexperienced and it is probable that his driving and situational awareness were adversely affected by fatigue brought on by insufficient quality rest and sleep. It was also found that the position of the two signals, ST265L and S261S, increased the probability of a driver misinterpreting which signal applied to the line. Associated with the Signal ST 265L were two safety features: the first, a train stop which automatically applied the brakes as the train passed the signal without authority (this reduction in speed as the train derailed mitigated the consequences of the SPAD) and the second, catch-points associated with the signal operated correctly and derailed the train away from the adjacent line. However, the position in the track layout of these two safety devices resulted in the derailed train stopping foul of the adjacent line. It was also found that the formation and ballast adjacent to the catch-points was sufficient to stop the train turning onto its side but not sufficient to stop it tilting to a 10-degree angle.
Blue Mountains derailment, 2010
On Thursday 4 February, a four-car passenger train derailed between Woodford and Linden stations after hitting debris from a landslide. No one was injured, but the V set was written off.
Newbridge, 2010
At about 11:13 am on 5 May 2010, XPT passenger train WT27, travelling from Sydney to Orange, New South Wales collided with a track-mounted excavator on the main line between Bathurst and Newbridge. The XPT was travelling at about 69 km/h at the time of the collision. The excavator and a utility vehicle were severely damaged; the leading power car of the train received moderate damage.
The operator of the track-mounted excavator was fatally injured and one train passenger incurred minor injuries.
Zig Zag, 2011
At 1:30 pm on 1 April 2011, a Zig Zag Railway maintenance vehicle (the Hi-Rail), collided with a two-car Rail Motor on the No 1 Viaduct, Top Road, between Clarence and Top Points stations. The Hi-Rail, with a Driver and Passenger on board, was freewheeling down the hill in reverse in the section from Clarence towards Top Points. The Rail Motor, operated by a Driver, was travelling empty in the opposite direction from Top Points.
The Rail Motor Driver saw the approaching vehicle and applied the brakes. However, the two persons on board the Hi-Rail, facing the opposite direction, did not see the Rail Motor before the collision. The force of the collision compacted the body of the Hi-Rail such that neither cab door would open. The two occupants of the Hi-Rail were injured in the collision and were assisted out of the Hi-Rail and onto the Rail Motor by the Rail Motor Driver who was uninjured. The force of the collision caused a minor misalignment of the track.
The investigation established that the collision resulted from the Driver of the Rail Motor and the Driver of the Hi-Rail not being aware that they were travelling towards each other on the same track in the Top Points-Clarence section. This lack of situational awareness resulted from procedural errors. The Rail Motor Driver departed Top Points without communicating his intention to his Guard or the Hi-Rail crew, and the Rail Motor Guard exceeded his authority by authorising the Hi-Rail to leave a worksite and proceed to Top Points. A number of other factors were found to have contributed to the collision, particularly a lack of radio communications and operational safeworking errors. Other safety issues identified during the investigation included delayed notification of the accident; poor maintenance of Train Register Books; passengers travelling in the Rail Motor driver's cab; Rail Motor Driver's fatigue; and excess speed of the Hi-Rail.
Pymble, 2011
On 16 November 2011, a 95-year-old man was rescued from the wreckage of his car after driving it onto train tracks on Sydney's north shore. Firefighters worked for almost an hour to remove the man, who veered off Beechworth Road in Pymble and landed 10 metres down an embankment on the train tracks. He was taken to hospital with minor injuries.
Coralville, 2016
On 21 April 2016, a woman drove through a level crossing, colliding with a northbound goods train. The mother and her three daughters were injured and taken to hospital.
Richmond, 2018
On 22 January 2018, a Waratah A set train A42 crashed into the buffer stop at the end of Richmond station's Platform 2. 16 people were injured, the most serious being a fractured leg.
Bomen, 2021
At 2:30am AEST on 15 April 2021, a SCT Logistics freight train carrying non-dangerous general goods derailed in Bomen on the Main Southern line. Two locomotives and five carriages derailed, with the leading locomotive tripping onto its side, causing extensive damage to the tracks. Two crew members were treated for minor injuries.
Scone, 2021
Just after 7:00am AEST on 29 September 2021, a truck collided with a coal train at a level crossing near Scone. The truck driver was rushed to hospital in serious condition, and the train driver was unharmed.
Kembla Grange, 2021
On 20 October 2021 at approximately 4:09am, AEDT Tangara T Set T42 was travelling to Waterfall from Kiama. There were 9 people on board. An abandoned car was left on the tracks. The train collided with it and derailed, leaving 1 car overturned and the other 3 cars on the track. 4 people, including 2 passengers, the guard and the driver were taken to hospital.
A 47 year old man was charged for causing the derailment on 27 October 2021. (Allegedly) he had stole a minivan, using it to steal a go-kart before driving the van onto the tracks and fleeing the scene.
Eastwood, 2022
On 8 February 2022, a man was trapped between Waratah A set train platform at Eastwood station. After wobbling backwards and over, the man’s head and arm became stuck between the rolling carriage and the cement platform, as frantic onlookers screamed for help and ran to his aid. The man was found conscious and breathing, quashing the grave fears held by those who witnessed the event. He was taken to hospital for head injuries.
Other Accidents
Springwood, 1923
On 20 May 1923, 26 trucks carrying cement and coal ran off the track along with the engine
Lindfield, 1929
On 14 August 1929, there was a collision involving electric trains. The North Shore line had only just been electrified in 1928.
Redfern Stables, 1957
Garratt class locomotive driven into turntable pit, resulting in disruption to services for days while cranes were brought in to remove the loco.
Jannali, 1956
On 17 April 1956, early in the afternoon a Goods Train drawn by two diesel locomotives rounded a bend on a steep down-grade at slow speed and ten trucks jumped the line. The impact of the derailment hurled the heavy trucks 20 feet in the air, severing the overhead electric wires. The careering trucks tore up 50 yards of line and the other rail line was pushed 2 feet out of alignment for hundreds of yards.
Robertson, 1965
On 25 December 1965, engine 4407 hauling freight collided head-on with a freight train standing at Robertson (hauled by 4539?).
Central, 1966
On 25 January 1966, a derailed electric train carriage brought down a powerline stanchion at Central Station.
Red Hill, Coffs Harbour, 1974
On 11 May 1974, a southbound freight train derailed when it collided with a "wall of red clay mud, rocks, trees and branches sealing off the exit of the tunnel." Driver and fireman exited through windows of the 44 class locomotive.
St Marys, 1977
On 11 July 1977, a carriage was derailed on as Blue Mountains train, a kilometre west of St Marys Station. There were 600 passengers on the train but no one was hurt.
South Windsor, 1983
No one was injured.
Springwood, 1987
Interurban electric train derailed by vandals placing rocks on the track just west of Springwood, causing the leading two cars to end up in a local resident's front yard on Macquarie Rd, Springwood on 29 September 1987
Waterfall collision, 1994
Two S set electric trains collided in the early hours of the morning during a shunting procedure at Waterfall station in the south of Sydney. Both trains were empty of passengers. Carriages jack-knifed in spectacular fashion onto the platform causing demolition of a concrete ramp and part of the station canopy.
Unanderra, 2003
The derailing of two locomotives on 28 June 2003
Birrong, 2007
The derailing of two trains on 17 January 2007.
Exeter, 2010
At about 1856 on 24 January 2010, a loaded freight train designated 2224, travelling from Medway Junction to Berrima Junction, derailed one bogie on the second-last wagon at Exeter, NSW.
Yass Junction, 2010
At about 0153 on 9 December 2010, an Up (northbound) loaded grain train travelling from Barellan, New South Wales (NSW) to Maldon, NSW and numbered as 3234, collided at low speed with the rear of another Up (northbound) loaded grain train, numbered as 8922, on the Down2 Main line at Yass Junction, NSW. The intended operation had been for both trains to wait, one behind the other, on the Down Main line at Yass Junction to enable a third northbound goods train, 4MB2, to pass them both on the adjacent Up Main line.
Kaleentha/Menindee, 2011
At about 1545 on Wednesday 13 July 2011, freight train 3SP7 collided with a road-rail vehicle in the Kaleentha to Menindee section of track, located in western New South Wales (NSW). The road-rail vehicle, a Toyota Landcruiser station wagon, was extensively damaged. The lead locomotive of train 3SP7, NR4 incurred only minor damage and after effecting repairs at the incident site the train continued through to Port Augusta en route to Perth. There were no injuries and no damage to fixed infrastructure.
Wirrinya, 2011
Initial reports indicate that at about 0545 on 23 October 2011 train 7SP5, travelling on the interstate main rail line, derailed at Wirrinya NSW. No person was injured but there was significant damage to rolling stock and infrastructure.
Mittagong, 2011
On 6 November 2011, a passenger train derailed near Mittagong in the New South Wales Southern Highlands after hitting an abandoned ute which was left on the railway track after becoming bogged there. The northbound train was carrying nine passengers and three crew, but no one was hurt.
Coalcliff, 2011
On 24 November 2011, the commuter and freight rail line was thrown into chaos when a coal train derailed near Coalcliff and forced the closure of the only line between Thirroul and Waterfall. The Office of Transport Safety Investigations found that the cause of the derailment was a broken axle. The investigation revealed that the barrel of the No. 3 axle of the eighth position wagon had broken and parted, causing both wheels to derail. As a result, seven wagons following this wagon derailed. The two locomotives and all other wagons remained on the track. Although there were no injuries as a result of the derailment, approximately 470 metres of damaged track needed to be replaced. The investigation established that the break in the axle was attributable to the propagation of metal fatigue at the site of the fracture. The fatigue fracture was initiated some time prior to the final complete failure of the axle at the derailment site but, due to damage sustained in the derailment, the initiator of the fracture could not be determined.
Granville, 2014
On 30 September 2014, an empty passenger train caught fire near Granville station at around 7:00 pm. The incident resulted in the partial closure of the T2 line between Cabramatta and Granville, causing major disruptions to passengers. The train driver and guard had to be rescued by the fire service. No injuries were reported.
Cardiff, 2016
At about 5:00 am on 4 April 2016, a Pacific National freight train with three NR classes leading, caught fire at Cardiff from the failure of bolts securing an oil filter tank allowed oil to escape and come in contact with hot engine components. A passing passenger train was blocked from passing the burning locomotive with commuters having to depart from the train and find alternate transport. The fire was extinguished at least three hours after it was first reported.
Coffs Harbour, 2021
On 25 February 2021, a Pacific National container train derailed due to a flood. Fire and Rescue NSW said about half of the 1500-metre train had been derailed, with one locomotive toppling into a paddock. Two others remained upright. Sixteen carriages jackknifed and four landed in floodwater. A small fire in one of the carriages was extinguished by the train’s driver, who escaped safely.
Moss Vale, 2021
On 21 October 2021, a Pacific National freight train derailed on some catch points. 81 class locomotive 8156 was leading the train and collided with a fence after derailing. The derailment resulted in the cancellation of Southern Highlands Line services for over 24 hours.
See also
List of rail accidents
Notes and references
New South Wales |
42502585 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain%20Legdah | Ain Legdah | Ain Legdah is a commune in the Taounate Province of the Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 12196 people living in 1907 households.
References
Populated places in Taounate Province
Rural communes of Fès-Meknès |
60710091 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanne%20Jackson%20Johnson | Joanne Jackson Johnson | Joanne Jackson Johnson (born 1943) is a Canadian photographer.
Early life and education
Johnson was born on October 17, 1943 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. In 1965, Johnson received a BS from the University of Manitoba. In 1972, Johnson received an MFA in Film and Photography from the University of Minnesota.
Career and photographs
Johnson was a founding member of the Winnipeg Film Group and has served on its board since its founding in 1974. From 1974 to 1977, Johnson worked for the National Film Board of Canada and commercial companies doing freelance film work. Since 1977, Johnson has been an assistant professor of photography at the School of Art at the University of Manitoba. Johnson's photographs are held in collections at the National Gallery of Canada and Winnipeg Art Gallery.
Selected exhibitions
Photographs: Clayton Bailey, Joanne Jackson Johnson, David McMillan, Three-person Exhibition; Winnipeg Art Gallery; Winnipeg, Manitoba (1977)
Joanne Jackson Johnson: Colour Photographs, Arthur Street Gallery (Plug In Inc.); Winnipeg, Manitoba (1980)
Midstream in Mainstreet: New Photographs [Joanne Jackson Johnson], Solo Exhibition; Plug in Inc.; Winnipeg, Manitoba (1983)
Joanne Jackson Johnson: Metaphors Metamorphs & Just Pictures, Gallery 1.1.1.; School of Art, University of Manitoba; Winnipeg, Manitoba (1984)
Joanne Jackson Johnson [Lecture], Public Lecture; Floating Gallery; Winnipeg, Manitoba (1984)
Arts Manitoba: Issue 12 [Joanne Jackson Johnson] is published, Border Crossings; Winnipeg, Manitoba (1984)
References
Further reading
Robertson, Sheila (1981). Photos develop mundane themes. Star-Phoenix, P. 93.
1943 births
Living people
Artists from Winnipeg
University of Manitoba alumni
University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts alumni
University of Manitoba faculty
Canadian women photographers |
23788890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windsor%20School%20%28Queens%29 | Windsor School (Queens) | The Windsor School is a private junior and senior high school located in Flushing, Queens, enrolling students in grades 7–12. It is a day school for local and international students.
The school certified by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP) to issue the Form I-20, which gives a student the opportunity to apply for a F-1 Visa. It is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools and is a member of the New York State Association of Independent Schools (NYSAIS) and NY Parents League.
The academic program includes Advanced Placement (AP) classes, many electives in English and Social Sciences, and the opportunity for students to join the school's top-ranked New York Mathematics League math team. The art department offers students the opportunity to take Advanced Placement (AP) Studio Art: Drawing or 2-D Design, in addition to creative crafts and experimental art electives.
The athletics department includes soccer, tennis, basketball, and track and field. The school's athletes compete in the Metro League, which comprises private schools throughout the New York City metropolitan area.
References
Preparatory schools in New York City
Private high schools in Queens, New York
Private middle schools in Queens, New York
1969 establishments in New York City |
3853890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubbock%20Crickets | Lubbock Crickets | The Lubbock Crickets were the first minor league baseball team to play in Lubbock, Texas after a 39-year hiatus. The Crickets joined the Texas-Louisiana League in 1995 as the first team not known as the Lubbock Hubbers. The team was named after Buddy Holly's band, The Crickets.
1995
The Crickets started off strong, going 31-19 in the first half of '95 season. They fell to 22-28 in the second half, but then beat the Amarillo Dillas in the playoffs and the Alexandria Aces in the finals. The Crickets finished the '95 season with an overall record of 53-47, while also winning the league championship. Managed by Greg Minton, Lubbock had one All-Star, shortstop Rouglas Odor. Odor was added to the team midseason and hit .287. Third baseman Frank Bolick (.355) was second in the TLL average while the staff was led by Frank DiPino (9-5, 12 Sv, 3.39).
1996
The Crickets went 27-23 in the first half of the '96 season, and 32-17 in the second half, finishing with an overall record of 59-40. Lubbock beat the Rio Grande Valley WhiteWings in two games in the first round of the playoffs, but lost the championship game to the Abilene Prairie Dogs. Minton's team included several All-Stars: utility player Mike Hardge (.303, 28 SB), starting pitcher Steve Duda (11-8, 3.76) and starting pitcher Ron Gerstein (14-4, 3.56). 1st Baseman Chris Norton batted .380 with 15 home runs.
1997
In 1997 The Crickets struggled under new manager Glenn Sullivan, finishing with a record of 38-50. Mike Hardge was again named to the All-Star team as a utility player.
1998
1998 would be the Lubbock Crickets' last season. Finishing 39-45, outfielder Derek Vaughn (.350, 46 SB) made the All-Star team, while outfielder Jason Landreth (.377, 22 SB) was third in the TLL in average.
1999
The Crickets suspended operations for the 1999 season because of uncertain stadium availability, according to Texas-Louisiana League President Byron Pierce. The Crickets had leased Dan Law Field from Texas Tech since their inception in 1995, but the expansion of the NCAA baseball playoffs to 64 teams in 1999 created a stadium availability issue. This wasn't a new issue for the Lubbock Crickets. In 1996, The Crickets' first 10 games were played on the road followed by a home opener on May 30. In 1997, the Crickets played their home opener on May 29, seven days after the season started. In 1998, the season started on May 21 but the Crickets did not play a single home game until June 1. Team officials and Texas-Louisiana league informally discussed the idea of a building a new stadium in Lubbock. The $2 million proposal included a 4,000-seat facility with lights, dressing rooms and adequate concessions. However, with attendance numbers declining, financial woes, and stadium uncertainty, the team franchise dissolved following the 1998 season.
References
Defunct minor league baseball teams
Defunct baseball teams in Texas
Professional baseball teams in Texas
Defunct independent baseball league teams
Baseball teams disestablished in 1999
Baseball teams established in 1995
1995 establishments in Texas
1999 disestablishments in Texas
Sports in Lubbock, Texas |
27294673 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deportivo%20Pucallpa | Deportivo Pucallpa | Deportivo Pucallpa is a Peruvian football club, playing in the city of Pucallpa, Ucayali, Peru.
History
They were originally called COOPTRIP, and played in the 1985 Torneo Descentralizado.
The club participated in 1986 Torneo Descentralizado until 1986 Torneo Descentralizado when was relegated. Deportivo Pucallpa was the 1986 Central Zone winner and classified to Liguilla Regional but was eliminated by San Agustín.
Honours
National
Liga Distrital de Callería: 1
Winners (1): 2011
Role in 1987 Alianza Lima plane crash
In the 1987 Alianza Lima plane crash, Alianza Lima were flying to Lima from Pucallpa after an away match at the club in the Torneo Descentralizado.
See also
List of football clubs in Peru
Peruvian football league system
References
External links
RSSSF - Perú 1986
RSSSF - Perú 1987
RSSSF - Perú 1988
Football clubs in Peru |
21092298 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/From%20the%20Cradle%20to%20the%20Grave | From the Cradle to the Grave | From the Cradle to the Grave may refer to:
From the Cradle to the Grave (album), a 1983 album by the Subhumans, or the title song
From the Cradle to the Grave (DVD), an unofficial biography of the band Cradle of Filth
From the Cradle to the Grave, an album by Dale Watson
"From the Cradle to the Grave", a song by Crispy Ambulance
"From the Cradle to the Grave", a song by German heavy metal band Rage from the album XIII
Von der Wiege bis zum Grabe (From the Cradle to the Grave), the 13th and last symphonic poem, S. 107 (1881–2), by Franz Liszt
See also
Cradle to the Grave (disambiguation)
Beveridge Report |
2016860 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkout | Walkout | In labor disputes, a walkout is a labor strike, the act of employees collectively leaving the workplace as an act of protest.
A walkout can also mean the act of leaving a place of work, school, a meeting, a company, or an organization, especially if meant as an expression of protest or disapproval.
A walkout can be seen as different from a strike in that a walkout can occur spontaneously, and need not necessarily involve all the workers present, whereas a strike is often voted on beforehand by the workers, giving notification both to all of the workers and to the company affected.
Walkouts have often been staged against the presence of a speaker or the content of an in-progress speech at a meeting. The protest, which is often a silent, non-violent means of expressing disapproval, is often interpreted as an exercise of the freedom of association while allowing the speaker to exercise the freedom of speech, albeit with a reduced audience in attendance.
Notable walkouts
1968 East Los Angeles
These were a series of 1968 protests against unequal conditions in Los Angeles Unified School District high schools, beginning on March 6.
Women Factory Walkouts of 1834 and 1836
Background
In the beginning of the 19th century there was a change in economic circumstances with the booming Industrial Revolution and young single women, between ages of fourteen to early twenties felt the need to work to relieve financial pressures from their family and to gain a sense of independence of living on their own. They left home and began a new life in the mill boarding houses. While working in the mills they would send some monthly earnings back home to still fulfill the role as a contributing part of the family. However, the majority of their earnings was saved in the bank for their own desires. Most women who made this change came from a modest farming backgrounds and made the move to areas of New England and Mid Atlantic States.
Economic Crisis of 1834
In the early months of 1834, textile sales were slow and profits were not up to standard to provide sufficient wages for the women mill workers of Lowell, Massachusetts. As a result, wages were cut and the price of room and board went up. The mill factory women saw this wage cut and price increase as an offense to their dignity, social quality, and economic autonomy. The women decided to take action and many started petitions and held meetings during dinner breaks. They pledged that they would quit if the wage rates decreased. On a Friday in February 1834, a sporadic walkout began after a meeting in which an agent of a mill company dismissed a woman factory worker. Protesting began and the women quit work and started parading through the city streets, attempting to persuade other mill women to join. This walkout was short-lived, and by the middle of the next week the women either returned to work or left town. Only about one-sixth of all women workers in Lowell walked out.
Walkout of October 1836
In October 1836, the women workers in the Lowell, Massachusetts factory mills walked out once again for the same reasons as the strike in 1834. The young women saw the wage-cut and the increasing prices of housing board as a direct assault on their social and economic independence, and they wouldn't let the revolting wage-cut and rising prices undermined their status as "daughters of freemen". Furthermore, as influenced by their traditional values, the young women did not accept to be treated as slaves so they protested. In this second walkout however, the women workers were more organized, and the number of workers involved in the strikes were far numerous than the one sixth of all the factory workers in 1834 and this had a greater impact on the success of their operation. The other cause to their success of this second walkout was the economic prosperity of the 1840s; the mills profits were booming and they needed more workers. Therefore, the walkout of 1836 affected the mills greatly because they were short in workers, and the lengthy absence of the women accentuated the impact. As a result, some of the mills were obliged to cut their charges on housing, and they were forced to cooperate with the women workers' organization.
Effects
The women wanted to take a stand for their independence. With the decision making of having walkouts, they portrayed how women started a new revolution with a new idea of feminine autonomy and power. The 1834 and 1836 walkouts symbolized women standing against oppression by employers who wished to lower their wages, as well as increase the price in housing. With these walkouts women took a stand for themselves as well as paved the way for the generations of women to come.
See also
Strike action
Lockout
References
Labor disputes |
58388583 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Wilson%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201883%29 | Joe Wilson (footballer, born 1883) | Joseph Wilson (10 April 1883 – 6 June 1945) was an English professional footballer who played as a centre half in the Football League for Blackburn Rovers. He also played for Brighton & Hove Albion and Millwall of the Southern League, and played for that league's representative team.
Personal life
Wilson was born in 1883 in Westhoughton, near Wigan in Lancashire. Before becoming a professional footballer, he worked as a collier. Wilson married Ann Ellen Settle in 1908. The 1911 Census records the couple living in East Ferry Road, Millwall, with their baby son, also named Joseph. The 1939 Register finds Wilson employed as a railway wagon builder and living in Central Drive, Westhoughton, with his wife and three children of working age. He was still resident at that address when he died, in June 1945 at the age of 62.
Football career
Wilson played football for Wigan United of the Lancashire League before moving on to Darwen in 1903. He helped the Lancashire Combination club reach the intermediate round of the 1903–04 FA Cup, in which they lost narrowly to Preston North End, who were on their way to becoming that season's Second Division champions.
He signed for Blackburn Rovers in April 1905 as cover at centre half, and made his debut in the First Division on 17 February 1906 away to Woolwich Arsenal, replacing Sammy McClure as one of several changes in an experimental line-up. Although Rovers lost 3–2, Wilson scored their first goal with a header from a corner and, according to the Athletic News "Busy Bee", "was a trifle ungainly, but he promises to develop into a good player". He kept his place for the next two matches and then returned to the reserves. Early in the 1906–07 season, England international centre-half Kelly Houlker dislocated a kneecap, which gave Wilson a chance to establish himself in the team. By the end of November, the Athletic News had concluded that he was "fast developing into a really capable centre half-back": deceptively quick "by reason of his length of limb", a "splendid tackler", and particularly skilled at feeding the ball to his forwards. Wilson finished the season with 29 First Division appearances, but was not first choice for 1907–08, playing only 10 matches in the middle of the season.
Wilson spent the 1908–09 Southern League season with Brighton & Hove Albion. He missed two months with injury, but still played 35 matches in all competitions, and moved on to another Southern League club, Millwall. In his second season with the club, he was selected for the league's representative team to face the Scottish League XI for the first time in October 1910. He captained the Millwall team, and remained with them into the war years, until his wife's health meant they left London and returned to Lancashire, where he found work in the Bolton area and was able to play for Bolton Wanderers. He rejoined Millwall for the first post-war season, taking his totals to 30 goals from 238 Southern League matches, before returning north to spend the 1920–21 season with Rochdale, for whom he scored once in 19 appearances in the Central League. In 1921, he moved on to Fleetwood of the Lancashire Combination as player-coach.
References
1883 births
1945 deaths
People from Westhoughton
Footballers from Wigan
English footballers
Association football midfielders
Wigan United A.F.C. players
Darwen F.C. players
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Rochdale A.F.C. players
Fleetwood Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Southern Football League players |
21749976 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beachville-St.%20Inigoes%2C%20Maryland | Beachville-St. Inigoes, Maryland | Beachville-St. Inigoes is an unincorporated community in St. Mary's County, Maryland, United States. Located here is Webster Field, a branch of the larger Patuxent River Naval Air Station.
See also St. Inigoes Shores, which has much more information on these communities.
References
Unincorporated communities in St. Mary's County, Maryland
Unincorporated communities in Maryland |
18694260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhundov | Akhundov | Akhundov may refer to:
Mirza Fatali Akhundov, writer
Punik, Armenia - formerly named Akhundov
Rashadat Akhundov, activist
Suleyman Sani Akhundov, journalist, author and teacher
Vali Akhundov, politician and scientist
Ruhulla Akhundov, politician
Arif Akhundov, sprinter |
1675427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attraction%20%28grammar%29 | Attraction (grammar) | Attraction, in linguistics, is a type of error in language production that incorrectly extends a feature from one word in a sentence to another. This can refer to agreement attraction, wherein a feature is assigned based on agreement with another word. This tends to happen in English with Subject Verb Agreement, especially where the subject is separated from the verb in a complex noun phrase structure. It can also refer to Case Attraction, which assigns features based on grammatical roles, or in dialectal forms of English, Negative Attraction which extends negation particles.
Agreement attraction
Agreement attraction occurs when a verb agrees with a noun other than its subject. It most commonly occurs with complex subject noun phrases, a notable example of this appeared in the New Yorker:
Efforts to make English the official language is gaining strength throughout the U.S.
The head of the subject noun phrase, "efforts", is plural, but the verb appears in a singular form because the local noun "language" in the interceding phrase is singular, and therefore attracts the production of the singular feature in "is". While Bock pointed to this example, it doesn't follow the more common pattern where the local nouns are plural and attract plural marking onto the verb, such as in the sentence:
"The key to the cabinets were missing"
The tendency for plural nouns to elicit attraction more often is caused by a marking plurality as a feature, where singularity is considered part of the default, and that activation of the noun plurality marker is what attracts the plural verb form activation. Agreement attraction not only appears with Subject Verb Agreement, but also with Object Verb agreement in WH-movement in English. Take this ungrammatical construction:
"Which flowers are the gardener planting"
This sentence is ungrammatical because the subject "gardener" is singular, but "are" is plural, which was attracted by the plural noun object phrase "which flowers" that appear just before the verb due to WH-movement.
Object attraction also appears in SOV constructions in Dutch, where agreement attraction occurs between the verb and the local object noun.
"John gave his pencil to the teacher" - "his" refers to "John" as it is a possessive marker
There can be a lot of confusion caused by words that are grammatically plural but conceptually singular such as "scissors", but also those that are grammatically and conceptually plural such as "suds", as well as words that are grammatically singular but can be conceptually plural such as "army".
Case attraction
Case attraction is the process by which a relative pronoun takes on (is "attracted to") the case of its antecedent rather than having the case appropriate to its function in the relative clause. For example, in the following English sentence, the relative pronoun has the appropriate case, the accusative:
This is the boss of the man whom I met yesterday.
The following erroneous sentence, on the other hand, has case attraction:
This is the boss of the man whose I met yesterday.
Because the antecedent, "[of] the man", is possessive, the relative pronoun has become possessive as well. Attraction is a theoretical process in Standard English, but it is common in the Greek of the Septuagint and also occurs in the New Testament.
References
Grammar |
56464414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornyl%20acetate | Bornyl acetate | Bornyl acetate is a chemical compound. Its molecular formula is C12H20O2 and its molecular weight is 196.29 g/mol. It is the acetate ester of borneol. It is used as a food additive, flavouring agent, and odour agent.
It is a component of the essential oil from pine needles (from the family Pinaceae) and primarily responsible for its odor.
References
Acetate esters
Terpenes and terpenoids
Food additives |
4333440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%20Cross%20%28disambiguation%29 | Iron Cross (disambiguation) | The Iron Cross was a military decoration in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, and Nazi Germany.
Iron Cross also may refer to:
Fictional characters
Iron Cross, a Marvel Comics character
Iron Cross, a character in the Aryan Brigade of DC Comics
Film
The Iron Cross, a 1914 German silent film
Cross of Iron, a 1977 war film directed by Sam Peckinpah
Iron Cross (film), a 2009 British thriller
Gaming
Close Combat: Cross of Iron, a computer game
Hearts of Iron II: Iron Cross a computer game
Music
Iron Cross (American band), an American punk rock band
Iron Cross (Burmese band), a rock band in Myanmar
Iron Cross, a guitar of Metallica member James Hetfield
Sports
Iron Cross (exercise), a gymnastics skill
Cattle catch or iron cross, a type of spinal lock
Iron Cross (aerial ski trick), an aerial ski trick associated with Jonny Moseley
Other uses
Iron Cross (Belgium), a combat award of the Kingdom of Belgium
Iron Cross (secret society), a society at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
Iron Cross, Warwickshire, a place in England
Oxalis tetraphylla or Iron Cross, a plant
Crois-iarna or iron cross, a kind of hank reel, or wool winder
See also
Cross of Iron (disambiguation) |
2582492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%20Angeles%20County%20Department%20of%20Public%20Works | Los Angeles County Department of Public Works | The Los Angeles County Department of Public Works (LACDPW) is responsible for the construction and operation of Los Angeles County's roads, building safety, sewerage, and flood control. DPW also operates traffic signals and intelligent transportation systems, drinking water systems in certain communities, operates five airports, paratransit and fixed route public transport, administers various environment programs, issues various permits for activities in the public roadway, and has a Department Emergency Operations Center that works in conjunction with the County Emergency Operations Center operated by the Sheriff's Department. The department is headquartered at 900 South Fremont Avenue in Alhambra, California.
Services are provided primarily to the unincorporated county with some services provided to contract cities. Flood control and watershed management services are provided to all of the county except the Antelope Valley.
As part of its flood control and water supply responsibilities, the Department of Public Works has 15 major dams and 27 spreading grounds in the county. Pacoima Dam is one of the largest owned by Public Works and survived the Northridge earthquake in 1994 intact.
Water from the dams is released into flood-control channels and some is diverted into spreading basins where it percolates into the ground and recharges the groundwater. The surface water is not used directly as it requires more cleaning than groundwater. Near the coast, the department has constructed sea water barriers that use injection wells to create a fresh water barrier to prevent salt water intrusion from the ocean into the groundwater.
The DPW is a leader in watershed management. It provides storm drain education programs, publishes and enforces best management practices for activities that may affect the watershed, and manages watersheds to provide a balance between flood control, recreation, and protecting the natural environment.
History
The department was formed in 1985 in a consolidation of the county Road Department, the Flood Control District (in charge of dams, spreading grounds, and channels), and the County Engineer (in charge of building safety, land survey, waterworks).
For 25 years, the County Engineer Department was housed in the historic Higgins Building, a 10-story Beaux-Arts style commercial building that was designed and built by noted architect Arthur L. Haley and engineer Albert Carey Martin in 1910, at the corner of Second and Main Streets in Downtown Los Angeles. After "overseeing construction projects large and small from one of the city's strongest buildings, the county determined that the department needed more modern quarters and pulled up stakes in 1977," according to the Los Angeles City Planning Department, which designated the building as the Historic-Cultural Monument #873.
In 1977, the County Engineer Department moved to the corner of 5th Street and Vermont Ave., Los Angeles until the merge of the three departments. At that time the department was called the Department of County Engineer-Facilities.
For years, the Flood Control District and the County Road Department were headquartered in buildings at Alcazar Street in East Los Angeles by the Los Angeles County General Hospital.
Major divisions of the Public Works Department were located at various locations in Los Angeles city for a number of years, until the 12-story glass building in Alhambra, California was purchased and refurbished. This tallest structure in Alhambra was formerly the western headquarters of Sears, Roebuck and Company, where some fixture units still bear the label "Sears". The steel frames were strengthened in 2006 after it was learned from the Northridge earthquake that the welded joints were not adequate to withstand a major earthquake.
Former Directors
Thomas A. Tidemanson (1985–1994)
Harry Stone (1994–2001)
James Noyes (2001–2004)
Donald Wolfe (2004–2008)
Gail Farber (2008–2016)
Mark Pestrella (2016–present)
Major Divisions
Architectural and Engineering Division – designs various buildings and facilities for other county departments
Aviation Division – operates the five general aviation airports: Fox Field (Lancaster), Brackett Field (La Verne), Whiteman Airport (Pacoima), Compton/Woodley Airport (Compton), and El Monte Airport (El Monte)
Administrative Services Division – provides contract support, fleet, procurement and warehousing services for the Department
Building and Safety Division – regulates construction on private properties
Business Relations and Contracts Division – consisted of two sections: Contract Section I and Contract Section II
Construction Division – advertises and awards public contracts and performs inspection, construction management, and environmental compliance during construction of public works projects
Design Division – designs departmental facilities
Environmental Programs Division – promotes recycling, and regulates underground storage tanks and industrial waste disposal
Fiscal Division – The Fiscal Division is responsible for the accounting, cashiering, billing, accounts payable, accounts receivable, cost accounting, and fixed asset property records for the Department of Public Works.
Fleet Management Division (Fleet) – support Public Works’ operational divisions that provide critical services throughout the unincorporated county and 88 contract cities.
Flood Maintenance Division – flood protection, water conservation, groundwater recharge, runoff control, and storm-water quality are addressed and provided; along with proactively meeting or exceeding environmental and water quality regulations and standards.
Geotechnical and Materials Engineering Division – Ensures proper land development from geology and soils engineering to subdivision mapping standards
Land Development Division – regulates the developments in private lands
Project Management Division – manages capital project constructions for the County
Programs Development Division – manages funding programs and operates transit services in the unincorporated County
Road Maintenance Division – maintains the various streets and roads in the unincorporated portions of the County
Sewer Maintenance Division – operates and maintains sewers, pumping stations and sewage treatment plants
Stormwater Engineering Division – handles water conservation, and operates and maintains three seawater barriers
Stormwater Maintenance Division – operates and maintains dams, open channels, storm drains, debris basins, check dams and pumping plants
Stormwater Planning Division – handles strategic planning and multi-benefit project development for the Los Angeles County Flood Control District
Stormwater Quality Division – handles stormwater quality and the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit Program
Survey/Mapping and Property Management Division – provides survey services, maintains public land/survey records. Property Management includes title investigations, appraisal, project coordination, right of way engineering and acquisitions and dispositions.
Traffic and Lighting Division – handles the traffic controls and lights on the streets of the unincorporated portions of the County
Waterworks Division – provides water services
Transportation
LACDPW operates shuttles in unincorporated areas of the county, and funds other agencies that provide service.
Routes
County Shuttles
Acton/Agua Dulce Shuttle (connects with the Newhall Metrolink station)
Avocado Heights/Bassett/West Valinda Shuttle
East Valinda Shuttle
Edmund D. Edelman Children's Court Shuttle (connects with the Cal State LA station)
Heights Hopper Shuttle (Hacienda Heights)
Wellness Center
Beach Bus (Warner Center–Santa Monica Beaches via Topanga Canyon
El Sol (East Los Angeles)
City Terrace / East Los Angeles College
Whittier Boulevard / Saybrook Park
Union Pacific / Salazar Park
the Link
Athens Shuttle (connects with Vermont/Athens Metro Rail station)
Baldwin Hills Parklands Shuttle (weekends/holidays only; connects La Cienega/Jefferson station with Kenneth Hahn State Recreation Area)
Florence-Firestone/Walnut Park Shuttle (connects with Florence station)
King Medical Center Campus Shuttle (connects with Willowbrook/Rosa Parks station)
Lennox Shuttle (connects with Hawthorne/Lennox station)
Willowbrook Shuttle Route A & B (connects with Willowbrook/Rosa Parks station)
Sunshine Shuttle (South Whittier) Routes A, B and C
DPW offers funding support for City of Santa Clarita Transit, Antelope Valley Transit Authority's TRANSporter, and for LADOT's DASH Boyle Heights/East Los Angeles route. Los Angeles County is part of the Antelope Valley Transit Authority and the Palos Verdes Peninsula Transit Authority.
Controversies
In 1988, the department issued a demolition permit to tear down the historic Golden Gate Theater in East Los Angeles. Demolition commenced before officials led by then County Supervisor Ed Edelman halted the work with a stop-work order. Demolition crews had already begun to dismantle the walls when Edelman, then Los Angeles City Councilwoman Gloria Molina, sheriff's deputies and more than 50 concerned community members showed up at the site to ensure the demolition work was halted. Edelman blamed a "foul-up" in the Public Works Department for issuing the demolition permit and assured the gathered crowd that heads were going to roll and that he would "try and stop this damn demolition before it happens."
See also
Los Angeles County Department of Public Works dams
Eaton Wash Reservoir
Morris Reservoir
References
External links
Los Angeles County Department of Public Works web site
Lakewood Accountability Action Group A group of County Residents that lives in Lakewood California (within Supervisor Knabe's district) and often assists cyclists and others with getting the LA County Dept. of Public Works to repair and or fix issues with the San Gabriel River Bike Path.
Government of Los Angeles County, California
County government agencies in California
Alhambra, California |
36911060 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuosuo%20Formation | Zuosuo Formation | The Zuosuo Formation is located in Lijiang County, Yunnan Province and is dated to the Early Triassic period.
References
Geologic formations of China
Triassic System of Asia
Geology of Yunnan |
62584167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late%20Ming%20peasant%20rebellions | Late Ming peasant rebellions | The late Ming peasant rebellions () were a series of peasant revolts during the last decades of the Ming dynasty lasting from 1628–1644. They were caused by natural disasters in Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Henan. At the same time, the She-An Rebellion and Later Jin invasions forced the Ming government to cut funding for the postal service, which resulted in the mass unemployment of men in the provinces hit hard by natural disasters. Unable to cope with three major crises at the same time, the Ming dynasty collapsed in 1644.
Origin
In 1618, the Later Jin dynasty under Nurhaci started attacking the Ming dynasty in the Manchuria. By 1627, the war with the Later Jin as well as the eruption of the She-An Rebellion in 1621 had drained Ming treasuries to dangerously low levels, with just seven million taels left in the Taicang Vault. The Ming realm was also suffering from natural disasters in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan. In 1627 widespread drought in Shaanxi resulted in mass starvation as harvests failed and people turned to cannibalism. Natural disasters in Shaanxi were not unusual but in the last 60 years of the Ming, they were especially bad, and there was not a single year in which Shaanxi did not experience a natural disaster. The entire region was a natural disaster zone. Shanxi too suffered from windstorms, earthquakes, and famines. In the south, Henan also experienced starvation and it was said that "grains of rice became as precious as pearls." The Chongzhen Emperor's petty and mercurial ways exacerbated the situation by constantly switching grand secretaries, which prevented a coherent government response from coalescing. Chongzhen's reign alone saw around 50 grand secretaries appointed to the post, representing two-thirds of all holders of that post throughout the entire Ming dynasty.
To prevent further depletion of the imperial treasury, Chongzhen cut funding for the Ming postal service, which saw the mass unemployment of large numbers of men from the central and northern provinces around the Yellow River region. This in turn contributed to the overall deterioration of government control and the formation of bandit groups, which became endemic in the last decades of the Ming.
Rebellion
In the spring of 1628, Wang Jiayin started a revolt in Shaanxi with some 6,000 followers, one of whom was Zhang Xianzhong, who would go on to depopulate Sichuan in the future. The rebellion posed no threat to the Ming army, but due to the rugged mountain terrain of Shaanxi, the Ming pacification army of 17,000 was unable to effectively root out the rebels.
Another bandit leader Gao Yingxiang rose up in revolt and joined Wang Jiayin soon after. In early 1629 the veteran anti-rebel leader Yang He was called into service and made Supreme Commander of the Three Border Regions. What he found was that situations were even more dire than they appeared. Salaries for soldiers of Shaanxi were three years in arrears, and their own soldiers were deserting to join the rebels. Yang was unable to suppress Wang Jiayin's rebels, who took several isolated fortresses as late as 1630. Yang's policy of amnesty for surrendered peasants was generally ineffective. Once surrendered, the peasants would go back to their homes and join other rebel bands. Despite Ming victories in battle, peasant rebellions would remain a major problem for the remainder of the Ming dynasty. Yang He was eventually impeached and arrested for ineffectiveness. He was replaced with Hong Chengchou who would later defect to the Qing dynasty. His subordinates, in particular the brothers Cao Wenzhao and Cao Bianjiao were reckless. Soldiers slaughtered rebels as well as civilians alike to turn in heads for rewards. At one point an official even submitted female heads, claiming they were bandits. He was demoted. It was estimated that by 1631 there were roughly 200,000 rebels operating in 36 rebel groups.
Zhang Xianzhong
Zhang Xianzhong was a native of Yan'an, Shaanxi. He was said to be strong, valiant, but also hairy and had a lust for killing. In his official biography, it is said that "if a single day went by and he did not kill someone, then he was really unhappy." When his family disowned him for getting into repeated fights with his peers, he joined the army, which sentenced him to death for breaking military law. An officer named Chen Hongfan spared him due to being impressed by his valiance. Zhang Xianzhong then joined the rebellion and followed Ma Shouying, who made him a petty officer and named him the "Yellow Tiger". Eventually hardship struck in the winter of 1631 and Zhang was forced to surrender with Luo Rucai, the first of several times he would do so out of expedience.
Li Zicheng
Li Zicheng was the second son of Li Shouzhong and hailed from Mizhi, Shaanxi. Li showed an aptitude for horse archery at an early age but was forced to become a shepherd at the age of ten due to poverty. He became an orphan when his mother died three years later. Li joined the army at the age of 16 but later left and entered the postal service in 1626. At some point Li became an outlaw for killing a man he found in bed with his wife after returning from an extended business trip. He was arrested and jailed until his nephew Li Guo freed him, and together they fled the area. In Gansu, Li Zicheng joined the army again and became a squad commander of 50 men. After taking part in the suppression of the rebel Gao Yingxiang, Li himself became a rebel due to charges of stealing rations.
Rebel movements
By 1633, the rebels had spread into Huguang, Sichuan, Shanxi. Chen Qiyu was made Supreme Commander of Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Huguang, and Sichuan. He drove out Zhang Xianzhong and Luo Rucai from Sichuan. The rebels in Henan were driven west until they were bottled up in the southwestern corner of Henan in Chexiang Gorge. Heavy rains battered the rebels for 40 days. After weeks of deprivation, 13,000 rebels, including Li Zicheng, surrendered to Chen Qiyu. They were returned to their homes under supervision, but when 36 rebels were killed and their heads hung up on the city walls, a full-scale revolt broke out again.
Li Zicheng besieged Longzhou but was driven away by Zuo Guangxian. Despite the inability of the rebels to take well-defended cities, the Ming army was also unable to decisively defeat them, so the Ming started building blockhouses in towns to fortify the countryside. In 1635, a meeting between major rebel groups took place at Rongyang in Central Henan. Zhang Xianzhong and Gao Yingxiang were tasked with taking Southern Zhili, Luo Rucai with defending the Yellow River, and Ma Shouying with leading the mobile division. Zhang and Gao sacked Fengyang, the ancestral home of the Hongwu Emperor and the location of his tomb. Over 4,000 Ming officials were killed and 2,600 structures were burned down. During the operation, a dispute occurred between Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong on whether or not to kill the eunuchs, which led to the dissolution of the rebel alliance. They split up with Li moving west and Zhang to the east.
Zhang Xianzhong failed to take the city of Luzhou, which was heavily defended with cannons that dealt heavy casualties to the rebels, killing 1,100. Li Zicheng continued his rebel activity throughout 1635 and 1636 with modest success; however, his lieutenant defected to the Ming and took Li's girlfriend along with him. Li lost Xianyang to the Ming after that. To the north, a 43,000 strong Ming army arrived in Henan under the command of Hong Chengchou but he failed to rout the rebels and even suffered a defeat. Lu Xiangsheng was put in charge of rebel pacification in Huguang. Meanwhile the Ming suffered a major defeat when rebel forces surrounded Cao Wenzhao when he overextended and ran into rebel cavalry forces. Cao killed himself.
The rebels had become better organized and even had heavy cannons by 1636. Gao Yingxiang moved towards Taozhou and crushed a Ming army on his way to Nanjing. Gao was then defeated in a series of battles against Lu Xiangsheng but escaped. Lu was unable to follow up on his victories and he was called back to the northern frontier to deal with the Qing dynasty's invasion. Sun Chuanting was made Grand Coordinator of Shaanxi. Sun captured Gao Yingxiang when he invaded Shaanxi and sent him to Beijing where he was dismembered. His followers joined other rebel leaders such as Li Zicheng and Lao Huihui.
The rebel situation deteriorated even further as the Chongzhen Emperor raised taxes in 1637 to fund the military. A new Vice Minister of War, Xiong Wencan, was put in charge of overall rebel pacification activities, but Hong Chengchou and Zuo Liangyu basically ignored all his orders. Hong was able to defeat Li Zicheng in Sichuan, but victory in battle meant little against the rebel forces, and sometimes the army would even loot and rape in the area evicted of rebels. Ming forces continued to score victories against Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong without being able to kill or capture them. At one point Zhang Xianzhong was even surrendered and was awarded troops and supplies on the promise that he would fight against Li Zicheng.
Throughout 1638 and 1639, earthquakes rattled Sichuan and locusts ravaged Suzhou. The rebel movement gained momentum as even more refugees joined them to increase their odds of survival. Li Zicheng kept losing battles and fled into the mountains. Luo Rucai surrendered to the Ming. It appeared for a time that ultimate victory was within grasp for the Ming forces. The Qing invaded again in 1638, exacerbating the Ming's already depleted resources. In 1639, Zhang Xianzhong rebelled again after having recuperated in Gucheng. He opened the prisons of Gucheng and killed the local officials. Joining forces, Zhang and Luo attacked the nearby town of Fangxian and then moved towards the heavily forested mountains of the Shaanxi border. Zuo Liangyu was sent against the renewed rebellion. He was ambushed near Mount Luoying and suffered 10,000 losses. Xiong Wencan was impeached and replaced by Yang Sichang.
Although Yang Sichang and Zuo Liangyu clashed on policy, they scored a number of victories against the rebels from 1639 to 1640. It appeared once again that the Ming were finally turning the tide. Zuo inflicted a major defeat on Zhang Xianzhong near Mount Manao, killing 3,500 and capturing several commanders. Zhang escaped to western Sichuan. Yang became wary of Zuo's successes and tried to promote another general, He Renlong, as his equal. When that didn't work, both generals were alienated. By the winter of 1640, Sichuan was being ravaged by Zhang Xianzhong, and Ming forces were deserting on a daily basis. Yang requested to be relieved from his post. The Chongzhen Emperor refused and instead sent him more funds for medicine and famine relief.
Rise of Li Zicheng (1641–1644)
In 1641, Zhang Xianzhong captured Xiangyang and Li Zicheng captured Luoyang. Li soon lost Luoyang to Ming forces but he was recognized by then as the foremost rebel leader. With his large following he besieged Kaifeng. Upon hearing this, Yang Sichang stopped eating and died in spring. He was replaced by Ding Qirui. Meanwhile Zhang Xianzhong was beaten back and forced back west from Yunyang. Even as the Ming armies collapsed from 1641 to 1644, they were still scoring local victories over the rebels.
Ding Qirui was unable to control his starving men who looted the towns they crossed. Some simply deserted to scrounge for food. Ding was impeached and replaced by Fu Zonglong. Zhang Xianzhong's army had swelled upward of 100,000 but he was unable to score any major victories against Ming forces except in the taking of cities in Sichuan, which they slaughtered. Luo Rucai left Zhang and joined Li Zicheng. Li captured both Xincai and Nanyang, and in the process killed Fu Zonglong and Meng Ruhu. He Renlong was executed for being suspected of aiding the rebels.
In 1642, Xiangcheng, Shucheng, Runing, Xiangyang, De'an, and Chengtian all fell to Li Zicheng. Zhang Xianzhong took Luzhou. Li's siege of Kaifeng went badly as he tried again and again to take the heavily defended city. During one attack, he lost an eye to an arrow. The city was finally taken on 7 October 1642 by diverting a river and flooding the city, killing 270,000 people. The rebels looted whatever was left of the city and retreated.
By 1643, the rebels had coalesced into just two major factions in Li Zicheng in Central China and Zhang Xianzhong in Sichuan. Li declared himself Prince of Shun and Zhang declared himself Prince of the West. Wuchang, Hanyang, and Changsha fell to Zhang. Li felt threatened by Zhang's growing success so he put a bounty on his head. Li also consolidated power within his own faction by eliminating Luo Rucai and other local bandits. In the autumn, the Chongzhen Emperor ordered Sun Chuanting to attack Li. This turned out to be the last Ming offensive as the Ming army was completely destroyed and Sun killed in battle. Li followed up the victory by capturing Xi'an, which surrendered without a fight.
In 1644, Li Zicheng declared the formation of the Shun dynasty. In Beijing, Chongzhen made a last-ditch effort to raise an army from the civilian population and sent them out against Li. More than half the army deserted before they were even 100 li away from Beijing. Li advanced on the Ming capital in two directions, taking Taiyuan, Datong, and Changping in the process. On 24 April, one of Chongzhen's eunuchs ordered the gates to be opened for the rebels, but the guards refused. The defense shot off their cannons in a large show of force, but they had no ammunition. When the rebels realized that only powder was being fired, they attacked in force and took the city gates in a brief struggle. The Chongzhen Emperor ordered the imperial family to commit suicide. Before hanging himself, Chongzhen cut off the arm of one of the princesses who could not bring themselves to suicide. She was still alive the next day when the rebels found her. Li Zicheng's victory was short-lived. The next month the northern general Wu Sangui defected to the Qing dynasty, and together they defeated Li at the Battle of Shanhai Pass. Li's Shun dynasty was dismantled the following year, with Li himself disappearing in the chaos. Zhang Xianzhong was killed by Qing forces in 1647.
Citations
Bibliography
Ming dynasty
Rebellions in the Ming dynasty
17th century in China
Transition from Ming to Qing |
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