data_source
stringclasses 2
values | prompt
listlengths 1
1
| ability
stringclasses 1
value | reward_model
dict | extra_info
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nIn Bier's block aesthetic agent given by which route?\nA. Intravenous\nB. Peribulbar region\nC. Retrobulbar area\nD. Dermal",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Intravenous",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Intravenous"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Peribulbar region"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Retrobulbar area"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Dermal"
}
],
"index": 17848,
"question": "In Bier's block aesthetic agent given by which route?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nKerley B lines' in the chest X-ray of a patient is a radiological feature of -\nA. Respiratory failure\nB. Heart failure\nC. Renal failure\nD. Liver failure",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Heart failure",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Respiratory failure"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Heart failure"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Renal failure"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Liver failure"
}
],
"index": 10187,
"question": "Kerley B lines' in the chest X-ray of a patient is a radiological feature of -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich type of cell is considered a nonprofessional antigen presenting cell?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Red blood cells",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 20548,
"question": "Which type of cell is considered a nonprofessional antigen presenting cell?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 6-week-old girl is brought to a pediatrician due to feeding difficulty for the last 4 days. Her mother mentions that the infant breathes rapidly and sweats profusely while nursing. She has been drinking very little breast milk and stops feeding as if she is tired, only to start sucking again after a few minutes. There is no history of cough, sneezing, nasal congestion, or fever. She was born at full term and her birth weight was 3.2 kg (7.0 lb). Her temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse rate is 190/min, and respiratory rate is 64/min. On chest auscultation, bilateral wheezing is present. A precordial murmur starts immediately after the onset of the first heart sound (S1), reaching its maximal intensity at the end of systole, and waning during late diastole. The murmur is best heard over the second left intercostal space and radiates to the left clavicle. The first heart sound (S1) is normal, while the second heart sound (S2) is obscured by the murmur. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\nA. Aortopulmonary window\nB. Congenital mitral insufficiency\nC. Patent ductus arteriosus\nD. Supracristal ventricular septal defect with aortic regurgitation\nE. Ruptured congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Patent ductus arteriosus",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Aortopulmonary window"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Congenital mitral insufficiency"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Patent ductus arteriosus"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Supracristal ventricular septal defect with aortic regurgitation"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Ruptured congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm"
}
],
"index": 7014,
"question": "A 6-week-old girl is brought to a pediatrician due to feeding difficulty for the last 4 days. Her mother mentions that the infant breathes rapidly and sweats profusely while nursing. She has been drinking very little breast milk and stops feeding as if she is tired, only to start sucking again after a few minutes. There is no history of cough, sneezing, nasal congestion, or fever. She was born at full term and her birth weight was 3.2 kg (7.0 lb). Her temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), pulse rate is 190/min, and respiratory rate is 64/min. On chest auscultation, bilateral wheezing is present. A precordial murmur starts immediately after the onset of the first heart sound (S1), reaching its maximal intensity at the end of systole, and waning during late diastole. The murmur is best heard over the second left intercostal space and radiates to the left clavicle. The first heart sound (S1) is normal, while the second heart sound (S2) is obscured by the murmur. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA newborn infant presents with severe weakness. He was born to a G1P1 mother at 40 weeks gestation with the pregnancy attended by a midwife. The mother's past medical history is unremarkable. She took a prenatal vitamin and folic acid throughout the pregnancy. Since birth, the child has had trouble breastfeeding despite proper counseling. He also has had poor muscle tone and a weak cry. His temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), blood pressure is 57/38 mmHg, pulse is 150/min, respirations are 37/min, and oxygen saturation is 96% on room air. Physical exam reveals poor muscle tone. The patient's sucking reflex is weak, and an enlarged tongue is noted. An ultrasound is performed, and is notable for hypertrophy of the myocardium. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\nA. Acid maltase deficiency\nB. Clostridium botulinum infection\nC. Clostridium tetani infection\nD. Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy\nE. Spinal muscular atrophy type I disease",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Acid maltase deficiency",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Acid maltase deficiency"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Clostridium botulinum infection"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Clostridium tetani infection"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Spinal muscular atrophy type I disease"
}
],
"index": 7564,
"question": "A newborn infant presents with severe weakness. He was born to a G1P1 mother at 40 weeks gestation with the pregnancy attended by a midwife. The mother's past medical history is unremarkable. She took a prenatal vitamin and folic acid throughout the pregnancy. Since birth, the child has had trouble breastfeeding despite proper counseling. He also has had poor muscle tone and a weak cry. His temperature is 99.5°F (37.5°C), blood pressure is 57/38 mmHg, pulse is 150/min, respirations are 37/min, and oxygen saturation is 96% on room air. Physical exam reveals poor muscle tone. The patient's sucking reflex is weak, and an enlarged tongue is noted. An ultrasound is performed, and is notable for hypertrophy of the myocardium. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nAbdominal Ultra-sonography in a 3 year old boy show a soild circumscribed hypoechnoic renal mass. Most likely diagnosis is-\nA. Wilm's tumor\nB. Renal cell carcinoma\nC. Mesoblastic nephroma\nD. Onceocytoma",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Wilm's tumor",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Wilm's tumor"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Renal cell carcinoma"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Mesoblastic nephroma"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Onceocytoma"
}
],
"index": 17332,
"question": "Abdominal Ultra-sonography in a 3 year old boy show a soild circumscribed hypoechnoic renal mass. Most likely diagnosis is-",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a headache, blurry vision, and abdominal pain. He states that his symptoms started several hours ago and have been gradually worsening. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°C), blood pressure is 222/128 mmHg, pulse is 87/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen saturation is 99% on room air. Physical exam is notable for an uncomfortable and distressed man. The patient is started on an esmolol and a nitroprusside drip thus lowering his blood pressure to 200/118 mmHg. The patient states that he feels better, but complains of feeling warm and flushed. An hour later, the patient seems confused and states his headache has resurfaced. Laboratory values are ordered as seen below.\n\nSerum:\nNa+: 138 mEq/L\nCl-: 101 mEq/L\nK+: 4.4 mEq/L\nHCO3-: 17 mEq/L\nBUN: 31 mg/dL\nGlucose: 199 mg/dL\nCreatinine: 1.4 mg/dL\nCa2+: 10.2 mg/dL\n\nWhich of the following is the best treatment for this patient?\nA. Amyl nitrite\nB. Hydroxocobalamin\nC. Insulin\nD. IV fluids\nE. Labetalol",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Hydroxocobalamin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Amyl nitrite"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Hydroxocobalamin"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Insulin"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "IV fluids"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Labetalol"
}
],
"index": 8800,
"question": "A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a headache, blurry vision, and abdominal pain. He states that his symptoms started several hours ago and have been gradually worsening. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°C), blood pressure is 222/128 mmHg, pulse is 87/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen saturation is 99% on room air. Physical exam is notable for an uncomfortable and distressed man. The patient is started on an esmolol and a nitroprusside drip thus lowering his blood pressure to 200/118 mmHg. The patient states that he feels better, but complains of feeling warm and flushed. An hour later, the patient seems confused and states his headache has resurfaced. Laboratory values are ordered as seen below.\n\nSerum:\nNa+: 138 mEq/L\nCl-: 101 mEq/L\nK+: 4.4 mEq/L\nHCO3-: 17 mEq/L\nBUN: 31 mg/dL\nGlucose: 199 mg/dL\nCreatinine: 1.4 mg/dL\nCa2+: 10.2 mg/dL\n\nWhich of the following is the best treatment for this patient?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 27-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with right lower quadrant abdominal pain and vaginal spotting. She denies diarrhea, constipation, or blood in the stool. The medical history is unremarkable. She does not use tobacco or drink alcohol. She is sexually active with her husband and uses an IUD for contraception. The temperature is 37.2 °C (99.0°F), the blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg, the pulse is 80/min, and the respiratory rate is 12/min. The physical examination reveals localized tenderness in the right adnexa, but no masses are palpated. The LMP was 8 weeks ago. Which of the following is most likely associated with this patient’s diagnosis?\nA. Physical examination reveals rebound tenderness and tenderness at McBurney’s point\nB. Positive urinary beta-HCG and no intrauterine mass\nC. Abdominal x-ray shows free air under the diaphragm\nD. Barium enema shows true diverticuli in the colon\nE. Positive urinary beta-HCG and some products of conception in the uterus",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Positive urinary beta-HCG and no intrauterine mass",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Physical examination reveals rebound tenderness and tenderness at McBurney’s point"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Positive urinary beta-HCG and no intrauterine mass"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Abdominal x-ray shows free air under the diaphragm"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Barium enema shows true diverticuli in the colon"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Positive urinary beta-HCG and some products of conception in the uterus"
}
],
"index": 6788,
"question": "A 27-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with right lower quadrant abdominal pain and vaginal spotting. She denies diarrhea, constipation, or blood in the stool. The medical history is unremarkable. She does not use tobacco or drink alcohol. She is sexually active with her husband and uses an IUD for contraception. The temperature is 37.2 °C (99.0°F), the blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg, the pulse is 80/min, and the respiratory rate is 12/min. The physical examination reveals localized tenderness in the right adnexa, but no masses are palpated. The LMP was 8 weeks ago. Which of the following is most likely associated with this patient’s diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nDermatophyes affect -\nA. Keratin\nB. Dermis of skin\nC. Stratum basal\nD. Stratum spongiosum",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Keratin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Keratin"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Dermis of skin"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Stratum basal"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Stratum spongiosum"
}
],
"index": 19620,
"question": "Dermatophyes affect -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nIn a 3-month-old male infant presenting with severe dehydration, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia but with normal genitalia, which blood test measurement would be most helpful to diagnose the underlying condition?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "17-hydroxy progesterone",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 15668,
"question": "In a 3-month-old male infant presenting with severe dehydration, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia but with normal genitalia, which blood test measurement would be most helpful to diagnose the underlying condition?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because he claims to have spoken to his recently-deceased grandfather. The grandfather, who lived with the family and frequently watched the boy for his parents, died 2 months ago. The boy was taken out of preschool for 3 days after his grandfather's death but has since returned. His teachers report that the boy is currently doing well, completing his assignments, and engaging in play with other children. When asked about how he feels, the boy becomes tearful and says, “I miss my grandpa. I sometimes talk to him when my mom is not around.” Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\nA. Brief psychotic disorder\nB. Adjustment disorder\nC. Normal grief\nD. Schizophreniform disorder\nE. Major depressive disorder",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Normal grief",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Brief psychotic disorder"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Adjustment disorder"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Normal grief"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Schizophreniform disorder"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Major depressive disorder"
}
],
"index": 512,
"question": "A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because he claims to have spoken to his recently-deceased grandfather. The grandfather, who lived with the family and frequently watched the boy for his parents, died 2 months ago. The boy was taken out of preschool for 3 days after his grandfather's death but has since returned. His teachers report that the boy is currently doing well, completing his assignments, and engaging in play with other children. When asked about how he feels, the boy becomes tearful and says, “I miss my grandpa. I sometimes talk to him when my mom is not around.” Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich Vibrio species exhibits the Kanagawa phenomenon on Wagatsuma agar?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "V.Parahemolyticus",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 13986,
"question": "Which Vibrio species exhibits the Kanagawa phenomenon on Wagatsuma agar?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich primary tooth has the longest duration of function? \nAnswer: maxillary canine",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "maxillary canine",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 19408,
"question": "Which primary tooth has the longest duration of function? \nAnswer: maxillary canine",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nAcantholytic cells in blister cavity ?\nA. Pemphigus\nB. Bullous pemphigoid\nC. Epidermolysisbullosa\nD. Dermatitis herpetiformis",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Pemphigus",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Pemphigus"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Bullous pemphigoid"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Epidermolysisbullosa"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Dermatitis herpetiformis"
}
],
"index": 19825,
"question": "Acantholytic cells in blister cavity ?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the appropriate management approach for a 68-year-old man diagnosed with Ahlback grade 2 osteoarthritic changes in the right knee?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Conservative",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 14922,
"question": "What is the appropriate management approach for a 68-year-old man diagnosed with Ahlback grade 2 osteoarthritic changes in the right knee?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich clinical feature in a patient with fever, headache, and meningeal symptoms is more indicative of encephalitis rather than meningitis?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Clouded sensorium",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 8038,
"question": "Which clinical feature in a patient with fever, headache, and meningeal symptoms is more indicative of encephalitis rather than meningitis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nAutoimmune destruction of platelets is seen in\nA. SLE\nB. PAN\nC. RA\nD. Sarcoidosis",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. SLE",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "SLE"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "PAN"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "RA"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Sarcoidosis"
}
],
"index": 10338,
"question": "Autoimmune destruction of platelets is seen in",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 9 year old child disturbs other people, is destructive, interferes when two people are talking, does not follow instructions and cannot wait for his turn while playing a game. He is likely to be suffering from -\nA. Emotional disorders\nB. Behavioural problems\nC. No disorder\nD. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Emotional disorders"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Behavioural problems"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "No disorder"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder"
}
],
"index": 18676,
"question": "A 9 year old child disturbs other people, is destructive, interferes when two people are talking, does not follow instructions and cannot wait for his turn while playing a game. He is likely to be suffering from -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat electrophysiologic mechanism best explains the increased neuromuscular excitability seen in a patient with hypocalcemia presenting with muscle cramps, perioral tingling, and positive Trousseau and Chvostek signs?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Reduction of afterhyperpolarization",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 3539,
"question": "What electrophysiologic mechanism best explains the increased neuromuscular excitability seen in a patient with hypocalcemia presenting with muscle cramps, perioral tingling, and positive Trousseau and Chvostek signs?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nSin of Gomorrah is -\nA. Introducing male organ in oral cavity\nB. Sexual intercourse with lower animal\nC. Sexual intercourse through anus\nD. Sexual intercourse with a person in close relation",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Introducing male organ in oral cavity",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Introducing male organ in oral cavity"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Sexual intercourse with lower animal"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Sexual intercourse through anus"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Sexual intercourse with a person in close relation"
}
],
"index": 16009,
"question": "Sin of Gomorrah is -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA healthy mother gives birth to a child at 40 weeks of gestation. On examination, the child has ambiguous genitalia. A karyotype analysis reveals the presence of a Y chromosome. Additional workup reveals the presence of testes and a normal level of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition?\nA. Androgen receptor deficiency\nB. Failed migration of neurons producing gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)\nC. Presence of two X chromosomes\nD. 5-alpha reductase deficiency\nE. Aromatase deficiency",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. 5-alpha reductase deficiency",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Androgen receptor deficiency"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Failed migration of neurons producing gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Presence of two X chromosomes"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "5-alpha reductase deficiency"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Aromatase deficiency"
}
],
"index": 4508,
"question": "A healthy mother gives birth to a child at 40 weeks of gestation. On examination, the child has ambiguous genitalia. A karyotype analysis reveals the presence of a Y chromosome. Additional workup reveals the presence of testes and a normal level of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most likely cause of the symptoms in a 45-year-old woman with fatigue, dizziness upon standing, abdominal and muscle pain, unintended weight loss, hypotension, hyperpigmented skin, sparse axillary and pubic hair, and a history of hypoparathyroidism?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Autoimmune destruction",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 2194,
"question": "What is the most likely cause of the symptoms in a 45-year-old woman with fatigue, dizziness upon standing, abdominal and muscle pain, unintended weight loss, hypotension, hyperpigmented skin, sparse axillary and pubic hair, and a history of hypoparathyroidism?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 50-year-old overweight woman presents to her physician with complaints of recurrent episodes of right upper abdominal discomfort and cramping. She says that the pain is mild and occasionally brought on by the ingestion of fatty foods. The pain radiates to the right shoulder and around to the back, and it is accompanied by nausea and occasional vomiting. She admits to having these episodes over the past several years. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6° F), respiratory rate is 15/min, pulse is 67/min, and blood pressure is 122/98 mm Hg. Her physical examination is unremarkable. Lab reports reveal:\nHb% 13 gm/dL\nTotal count (WBC): 11,000/mm3\nDifferential count: \n Neutrophils: 70%\n Lymphocytes: 25%\n Monocytes: 5%\nESR: 10 mm/hr\nSerum: \n Albumin: 4.2 gm/dL\n Alkaline phosphatase: 150 U/L\n Alanine aminotransferase: 76 U/L\n Aspartate aminotransferase: 88 U/L\nWhat is the most likely diagnosis?\nA. Acute cholecystitis\nB. Choledocholithiasis\nC. Pancreatitis\nD. Duodenal peptic ulcer\nE. Gallbladder cancer",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Choledocholithiasis",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Acute cholecystitis"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Choledocholithiasis"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Pancreatitis"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Duodenal peptic ulcer"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Gallbladder cancer"
}
],
"index": 8680,
"question": "A 50-year-old overweight woman presents to her physician with complaints of recurrent episodes of right upper abdominal discomfort and cramping. She says that the pain is mild and occasionally brought on by the ingestion of fatty foods. The pain radiates to the right shoulder and around to the back, and it is accompanied by nausea and occasional vomiting. She admits to having these episodes over the past several years. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6° F), respiratory rate is 15/min, pulse is 67/min, and blood pressure is 122/98 mm Hg. Her physical examination is unremarkable. Lab reports reveal:\nHb% 13 gm/dL\nTotal count (WBC): 11,000/mm3\nDifferential count: \n Neutrophils: 70%\n Lymphocytes: 25%\n Monocytes: 5%\nESR: 10 mm/hr\nSerum: \n Albumin: 4.2 gm/dL\n Alkaline phosphatase: 150 U/L\n Alanine aminotransferase: 76 U/L\n Aspartate aminotransferase: 88 U/L\nWhat is the most likely diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the cause of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "HGPRT ase deficieny (complete)",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 20409,
"question": "What is the cause of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhen does zona hatching occur after fertilisation?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "5 days after feilisation",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 12475,
"question": "When does zona hatching occur after fertilisation?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nDoc for Listeria Monocytogenes is\nA. Amoxycillin\nB. Ampicillin\nC. Amikacin\nD. Ceftriaxone",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Ampicillin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Amoxycillin"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Ampicillin"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Amikacin"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Ceftriaxone"
}
],
"index": 13969,
"question": "Doc for Listeria Monocytogenes is",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the typical clinical manifestation of a uretero-vaginal fistula?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Continuous incontinence",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 14556,
"question": "What is the typical clinical manifestation of a uretero-vaginal fistula?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 12-year-old boy presents to your office with facial swelling and dark urine. He has no other complaints other than a sore throat 3 weeks ago that resolved after 6 days. He is otherwise healthy, lives at home with his mother and 2 cats, has no recent history of travel ,and no sick contacts. On physical examination his temperature is 99°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 130/85 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, respirations are 19/min, and pulse oximetry is 99% on room air. Cardiopulmonary and abdominal examinations are unremarkable. There is mild periorbital and pedal edema. Urinalysis shows 12-15 RBC/hpf, 2-5 WBC/hpf, and 30 mg/dL protein. Which additional finding would you expect to see on urinalysis?\nA. WBC casts\nB. Granular casts\nC. Hyaline\nD. RBC casts\nE. Fatty casts",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. RBC casts",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "WBC casts"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Granular casts"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Hyaline"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "RBC casts"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Fatty casts"
}
],
"index": 4801,
"question": "A 12-year-old boy presents to your office with facial swelling and dark urine. He has no other complaints other than a sore throat 3 weeks ago that resolved after 6 days. He is otherwise healthy, lives at home with his mother and 2 cats, has no recent history of travel ,and no sick contacts. On physical examination his temperature is 99°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 130/85 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, respirations are 19/min, and pulse oximetry is 99% on room air. Cardiopulmonary and abdominal examinations are unremarkable. There is mild periorbital and pedal edema. Urinalysis shows 12-15 RBC/hpf, 2-5 WBC/hpf, and 30 mg/dL protein. Which additional finding would you expect to see on urinalysis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nSix hours after giving birth to a healthy 3100 g (6 lb 13oz) girl, a 40-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1 suddenly has a tonic-clonic seizure for 2-minutes while on the ward. She had been complaining of headache, blurry vision, and abdominal pain for an hour before the incident. Her pregnancy was complicated by gestational hypertension and iron deficiency anemia. Her medications until birth included labetalol, iron supplements, and a multivitamin. Her temperature is 37°C (98.7°F), pulse is 95/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 152/100 mm Hg. The cranial nerves are intact. Muscle strength is normal. Deep tendon reflexes are 3+ with a shortened relaxation phase. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?\nA. Calcium gluconate\nB. Magnesium sulfate\nC. Valproic acid\nD. Hydralazine\nE. Phenytoin",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Magnesium sulfate",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Calcium gluconate"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Magnesium sulfate"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Valproic acid"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Hydralazine"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Phenytoin"
}
],
"index": 6552,
"question": "Six hours after giving birth to a healthy 3100 g (6 lb 13oz) girl, a 40-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1 suddenly has a tonic-clonic seizure for 2-minutes while on the ward. She had been complaining of headache, blurry vision, and abdominal pain for an hour before the incident. Her pregnancy was complicated by gestational hypertension and iron deficiency anemia. Her medications until birth included labetalol, iron supplements, and a multivitamin. Her temperature is 37°C (98.7°F), pulse is 95/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 152/100 mm Hg. The cranial nerves are intact. Muscle strength is normal. Deep tendon reflexes are 3+ with a shortened relaxation phase. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the standard surgical procedure performed for serous otitis media?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Myringotomy",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 16218,
"question": "What is the standard surgical procedure performed for serous otitis media?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich type of melanoma is characterized by the absence of an in situ growth phase?\n\nAnswer: Nodular melanomas",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Nodular melanomas",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 20030,
"question": "Which type of melanoma is characterized by the absence of an in situ growth phase?\n\nAnswer: Nodular melanomas",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the best next step in management for a 4-week-old infant presenting with worsening vomiting after breastfeeding, weight loss, and signs of dehydration?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Abdominal ultrasound",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 9356,
"question": "What is the best next step in management for a 4-week-old infant presenting with worsening vomiting after breastfeeding, weight loss, and signs of dehydration?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 12-year-old girl with a recently diagnosed seizure disorder is brought to the physician by her mother for genetic counseling. She has difficulties in school due to a learning disability. Medications include carbamazepine. She is at the 95th percentile for height. Genetic analysis shows a 47, XXX karyotype. An error in which of the following stages of cell division is most likely responsible for this genetic abnormality?\nA. Maternal meiosis, metaphase II\nB. Maternal meiosis, anaphase II\nC. Maternal meiosis, telophase II\nD. Paternal meiosis, metaphase II\nE. Paternal meiosis, anaphase I",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Maternal meiosis, anaphase II",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Maternal meiosis, metaphase II"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Maternal meiosis, anaphase II"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Maternal meiosis, telophase II"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Paternal meiosis, metaphase II"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Paternal meiosis, anaphase I"
}
],
"index": 610,
"question": "A 12-year-old girl with a recently diagnosed seizure disorder is brought to the physician by her mother for genetic counseling. She has difficulties in school due to a learning disability. Medications include carbamazepine. She is at the 95th percentile for height. Genetic analysis shows a 47, XXX karyotype. An error in which of the following stages of cell division is most likely responsible for this genetic abnormality?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nHormone balance is essential for maintaining a normal pregnancy. Early on, elevated progesterone levels are needed to maintain pregnancy and progesterone is produced in excess by the corpus luteum. In the normal menstrual cycle the corpus luteum involutes, but this process is impeded during pregnancy because of the presence of which hormone?\nA. Cortisol\nB. Human chorionic gonadotropin\nC. Estrogen\nD. Progesterone\nE. Inhibin A",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Human chorionic gonadotropin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Cortisol"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Human chorionic gonadotropin"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Estrogen"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Progesterone"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Inhibin A"
}
],
"index": 4754,
"question": "Hormone balance is essential for maintaining a normal pregnancy. Early on, elevated progesterone levels are needed to maintain pregnancy and progesterone is produced in excess by the corpus luteum. In the normal menstrual cycle the corpus luteum involutes, but this process is impeded during pregnancy because of the presence of which hormone?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich vein drains the vessels responsible for the formation of a tender, bluish lump near the anus consistent with a thrombosed external hemorrhoid?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Internal pudendal",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 42,
"question": "Which vein drains the vessels responsible for the formation of a tender, bluish lump near the anus consistent with a thrombosed external hemorrhoid?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nA 30-year-old man with type I diabetes presents with sudden severe pain in his left Achilles tendon after karate practice. He is currently being treated with moxifloxacin for acute bacterial sinusitis. Physical exam shows pain over the Achilles tendon with dorsiflexion and plantar flexion against resistance. What is the best next step in management?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Change antibiotics and refrain from athletic activities",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 9286,
"question": "A 30-year-old man with type I diabetes presents with sudden severe pain in his left Achilles tendon after karate practice. He is currently being treated with moxifloxacin for acute bacterial sinusitis. Physical exam shows pain over the Achilles tendon with dorsiflexion and plantar flexion against resistance. What is the best next step in management?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nMain drawback of calcium hydroxide apexification compared with MTA:\nA. More treatment time\nB. Incomplete apical barrier\nC. Incomplete coronal barrier\nD. Reduced physical strength of dentin",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Reduced physical strength of dentin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "More treatment time"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Incomplete apical barrier"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Incomplete coronal barrier"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Reduced physical strength of dentin"
}
],
"index": 19660,
"question": "Main drawback of calcium hydroxide apexification compared with MTA:",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nBackground: Aldosterone blockade reduces mortality and morbidity among patients with severe heart failure. Researchers conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on morbidity and mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure.\nMethods: Patients were randomly assigned to eplerenone (25 mg per day initially, titrated to a maximum of 50 mg per day; 3,319 patients) or placebo (3,313 patients) in addition to optimal medical therapy. The study continued until 1,012 deaths occurred. The primary endpoints were death from any cause, death from cardiovascular causes, hospitalization for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or ventricular arrhythmia.\nResults: During a mean follow-up of 16 months, there were 478 deaths in the eplerenone group (14.4%) and 554 deaths in the placebo group (16.7%, p = 0.008). Of these deaths, 407 in the eplerenone group and 483 in the placebo group were attributed to cardiovascular causes (relative risk, 0.83; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.94; p = 0.005). The rate of the other primary endpoints, death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for cardiovascular events, was reduced by eplerenone (relative risk, 0.87; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.79 to 0.95; p = 0.002), as was the secondary endpoint of death from any cause or any hospitalization (relative risk, 0.92; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.98; p = 0.02). There was also a reduction in the rate of sudden death from cardiac causes (relative risk, 0.79; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.97; p = 0.03). The rate of serious hyperkalemia was 5.5 percent in the eplerenone group and 3.9 percent in the placebo group (p = 0.002), whereas the rate of hypokalemia was 8.4 percent in the eplerenone group and 13.1 percent in the placebo group (p < 0.001).\nWhich of the following represents the number of patients needed to treat to save one life, based on the primary endpoint?\nA. 1/(0.144 - 0.167)\nB. 1/(0.136 - 0.118)\nC. 1/(0.300 - 0.267)\nD. 1/(0.167 - 0.144)\nE. 1/(0.267 - 0.300)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. 1/(0.167 - 0.144)",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "1/(0.144 - 0.167)"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "1/(0.136 - 0.118)"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "1/(0.300 - 0.267)"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "1/(0.167 - 0.144)"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "1/(0.267 - 0.300)"
}
],
"index": 8577,
"question": "Background: Aldosterone blockade reduces mortality and morbidity among patients with severe heart failure. Researchers conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on morbidity and mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure.\nMethods: Patients were randomly assigned to eplerenone (25 mg per day initially, titrated to a maximum of 50 mg per day; 3,319 patients) or placebo (3,313 patients) in addition to optimal medical therapy. The study continued until 1,012 deaths occurred. The primary endpoints were death from any cause, death from cardiovascular causes, hospitalization for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or ventricular arrhythmia.\nResults: During a mean follow-up of 16 months, there were 478 deaths in the eplerenone group (14.4%) and 554 deaths in the placebo group (16.7%, p = 0.008). Of these deaths, 407 in the eplerenone group and 483 in the placebo group were attributed to cardiovascular causes (relative risk, 0.83; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.94; p = 0.005). The rate of the other primary endpoints, death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for cardiovascular events, was reduced by eplerenone (relative risk, 0.87; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.79 to 0.95; p = 0.002), as was the secondary endpoint of death from any cause or any hospitalization (relative risk, 0.92; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.98; p = 0.02). There was also a reduction in the rate of sudden death from cardiac causes (relative risk, 0.79; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.64 to 0.97; p = 0.03). The rate of serious hyperkalemia was 5.5 percent in the eplerenone group and 3.9 percent in the placebo group (p = 0.002), whereas the rate of hypokalemia was 8.4 percent in the eplerenone group and 13.1 percent in the placebo group (p < 0.001).\nWhich of the following represents the number of patients needed to treat to save one life, based on the primary endpoint?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nA 28-year-old non-smoking patient presents with progressively worsening dyspnea and a dry cough. Pulmonary function tests reveal decreased FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio along with an increased total lung capacity. Radiographic imaging shows findings consistent with emphysema. What is the most likely diagnosis?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 5260,
"question": "A 28-year-old non-smoking patient presents with progressively worsening dyspnea and a dry cough. Pulmonary function tests reveal decreased FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio along with an increased total lung capacity. Radiographic imaging shows findings consistent with emphysema. What is the most likely diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nWhich of the following the characteristic feature of subdural hematoma -\nA. Convex hyper density\nB. Biconvex hypo density\nC. Convexo-concave hypo density\nD. Concavo-convex hyper density",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Concavo-convex hyper density",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Convex hyper density"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Biconvex hypo density"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Convexo-concave hypo density"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Concavo-convex hyper density"
}
],
"index": 17407,
"question": "Which of the following the characteristic feature of subdural hematoma -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nWhich one of the following life-threatening congenital anomalies in the newborn presents with polyhydramnios, aspiration pneumonia, excessive salivation and difficulty in passing a nasogastric tube?\nA. Gastroschisis\nB. Diaphragmatic hernia\nC. Tracheo-esophageal fistula\nD. Choanal atresia",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Tracheo-esophageal fistula",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Gastroschisis"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Diaphragmatic hernia"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Tracheo-esophageal fistula"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Choanal atresia"
}
],
"index": 15642,
"question": "Which one of the following life-threatening congenital anomalies in the newborn presents with polyhydramnios, aspiration pneumonia, excessive salivation and difficulty in passing a nasogastric tube?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nAtrophy of intrinsic muscles of hand, sensory deficit on medial side of forearm and hand, and diminished radial pulse on turning the head on the affected side could be because of :\nA. Carpal tunnel syndrome\nB. Cervical rib\nC. Enlarged axillary lymph nodes\nD. Supracondylar fracture of humerus",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Cervical rib",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Carpal tunnel syndrome"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Cervical rib"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Enlarged axillary lymph nodes"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Supracondylar fracture of humerus"
}
],
"index": 20590,
"question": "Atrophy of intrinsic muscles of hand, sensory deficit on medial side of forearm and hand, and diminished radial pulse on turning the head on the affected side could be because of :",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nWhich of the following is not used as vector in genetics?\nA. Adeno virus\nB. Proteosome\nC. Liposome\nD. Retrovirus",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Proteosome",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Adeno virus"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Proteosome"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Liposome"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Retrovirus"
}
],
"index": 13386,
"question": "Which of the following is not used as vector in genetics?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nCommonest cause of cataract\nA. Hereditary\nB. DM\nC. Trauma\nD. Age related",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Age related",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Hereditary"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "DM"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Trauma"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Age related"
}
],
"index": 17089,
"question": "Commonest cause of cataract",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nA 40-year-old woman presents with swelling around her eyes and generalized weakness. Laboratory studies reveal eosinophilia. She recently returned from a trip to Asia where she ate street food, including pork. If her symptoms are due to a parasitic infection causing inflammation of skeletal muscle, what is the appropriate treatment?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Bendazole",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 55,
"question": "A 40-year-old woman presents with swelling around her eyes and generalized weakness. Laboratory studies reveal eosinophilia. She recently returned from a trip to Asia where she ate street food, including pork. If her symptoms are due to a parasitic infection causing inflammation of skeletal muscle, what is the appropriate treatment?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich vitamin increases iron (Fe) absorption in the body?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Vitamin C",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 13583,
"question": "Which vitamin increases iron (Fe) absorption in the body?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most appropriate treatment for auditory rehabilitation in a patient with bilateral profound deafness following surgery for bilateral acoustic schwannoma?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Brain stem implant",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 16364,
"question": "What is the most appropriate treatment for auditory rehabilitation in a patient with bilateral profound deafness following surgery for bilateral acoustic schwannoma?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nIn which medical condition is the Stratosphere sign typically observed?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Pneumothorax",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 17573,
"question": "In which medical condition is the Stratosphere sign typically observed?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy for a 22-year-old man presenting with a symmetrical, intensely itchy rash over his shoulders and elbows, accompanied by recurrent diarrhea, greasy stools, and microcytic anemia?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Oral dapsone",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 6796,
"question": "What is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy for a 22-year-old man presenting with a symmetrical, intensely itchy rash over his shoulders and elbows, accompanied by recurrent diarrhea, greasy stools, and microcytic anemia?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 49-year-old woman comes to the physician with a 2-month history of mild abdominal pain, nausea, and several episodes of vomiting. She often feels full after eating only a small amount of food. Abdominal examination shows mild right upper quadrant tenderness and a liver span of 16 cm. Ultrasonography shows a 5 x 4 cm hyperechoic mass in the left lobe of the liver. The mass is surgically excised. A photomicrograph of the resected specimen is shown. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?\nA. Hepatocellular adenoma\nB. Alveolar echinococcosis\nC. Cavernous hemangioma\nD. Focal nodular hyperplasia\nE. Angiosarcoma",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Cavernous hemangioma",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Hepatocellular adenoma"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Alveolar echinococcosis"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Cavernous hemangioma"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Focal nodular hyperplasia"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Angiosarcoma"
}
],
"index": 5372,
"question": "A 49-year-old woman comes to the physician with a 2-month history of mild abdominal pain, nausea, and several episodes of vomiting. She often feels full after eating only a small amount of food. Abdominal examination shows mild right upper quadrant tenderness and a liver span of 16 cm. Ultrasonography shows a 5 x 4 cm hyperechoic mass in the left lobe of the liver. The mass is surgically excised. A photomicrograph of the resected specimen is shown. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhy don't eyebrows grow beyond a certain length? \nAnswer: Because the anagen phase (growth phase) of eyebrow hair follicles is shorter than that of scalp hair.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Anagen phase",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 19913,
"question": "Why don't eyebrows grow beyond a certain length? \nAnswer: Because the anagen phase (growth phase) of eyebrow hair follicles is shorter than that of scalp hair.",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 45-year-old woman with a history of alcoholic hepatitis returns to clinic for follow-up after being diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and started on NSAIDs. She complains of continued joint effusions and increasing morning stiffness. Given this patient's presentation and history, which of the following drugs presents the greatest risk when started for the management of her condition?\nA. Cyclosporine\nB. Corticosteroids\nC. Methotrexate\nD. Hydroxychloroquine\nE. Etanercept",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Methotrexate",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Cyclosporine"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Corticosteroids"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Methotrexate"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Hydroxychloroquine"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Etanercept"
}
],
"index": 2604,
"question": "A 45-year-old woman with a history of alcoholic hepatitis returns to clinic for follow-up after being diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and started on NSAIDs. She complains of continued joint effusions and increasing morning stiffness. Given this patient's presentation and history, which of the following drugs presents the greatest risk when started for the management of her condition?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most likely diagnosis for a 20-year-old woman who enjoys wearing male clothes to feel more confident during these episodes, but otherwise functions normally and identifies as female?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Dual role transvestism",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 18284,
"question": "What is the most likely diagnosis for a 20-year-old woman who enjoys wearing male clothes to feel more confident during these episodes, but otherwise functions normally and identifies as female?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nFor which type and stage of carcinoma is radiotherapy the treatment of choice?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma T3N1",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 17262,
"question": "For which type and stage of carcinoma is radiotherapy the treatment of choice?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nGreen blue postmoem discoloration is seen in which poisoning -\nA. Cyanide\nB. Carbon monoxide\nC. Phosphorous\nD. Hydrogen sulphide",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Hydrogen sulphide",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Cyanide"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Carbon monoxide"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Phosphorous"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Hydrogen sulphide"
}
],
"index": 16135,
"question": "Green blue postmoem discoloration is seen in which poisoning -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most definitive method for diagnosing sinusitis?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Sinoscopy",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 16656,
"question": "What is the most definitive method for diagnosing sinusitis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 27-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 36 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. Fetal movements are adequate. This is her 7th prenatal visit. She had an ultrasound scan performed 1 month ago that showed a live intrauterine pregnancy consistent with a 32-week gestation with no anomalies. She had a Pap smear performed 1 year ago, which was normal. Vital signs are within normal limits. Pelvic examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 36-week gestation. Her blood group and type is A negative. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?\nA. Complete blood count\nB. Transabdominal doppler ultrasonography\nC. Serum PAPP-A and HCG levels\nD. Swab for GBS culture\nE. Rh antibody testing\n\"",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Swab for GBS culture",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Complete blood count"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Transabdominal doppler ultrasonography"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Serum PAPP-A and HCG levels"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Swab for GBS culture"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Rh antibody testing\n\""
}
],
"index": 7856,
"question": "A 27-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 36 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. Fetal movements are adequate. This is her 7th prenatal visit. She had an ultrasound scan performed 1 month ago that showed a live intrauterine pregnancy consistent with a 32-week gestation with no anomalies. She had a Pap smear performed 1 year ago, which was normal. Vital signs are within normal limits. Pelvic examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 36-week gestation. Her blood group and type is A negative. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most appropriate next step in the management of a 53-year-old man presenting with acute severe left knee pain, swelling, erythema, and limited range of motion, who has a history of gout-like symptoms and recent hydrochlorothiazide use?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Arthrocentesis",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 5783,
"question": "What is the most appropriate next step in the management of a 53-year-old man presenting with acute severe left knee pain, swelling, erythema, and limited range of motion, who has a history of gout-like symptoms and recent hydrochlorothiazide use?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 3- year old boy is brought to the casualty by his mother with progressive shoness of breath for 1 day. The child has history of bronchial asthma. On examination , the child is blue, gasping and unresponsive What will you like to do first ?\nA. Intubate\nB. Administer 100 % oxygen by mask\nC. Ventilate with bag and mask\nD. Administer nebulised salbutamol",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Administer 100 % oxygen by mask",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Intubate"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Administer 100 % oxygen by mask"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Ventilate with bag and mask"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Administer nebulised salbutamol"
}
],
"index": 15414,
"question": "A 3- year old boy is brought to the casualty by his mother with progressive shoness of breath for 1 day. The child has history of bronchial asthma. On examination , the child is blue, gasping and unresponsive What will you like to do first ?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA pharmaceutical company is studying the effect of a novel compound that they have discovered to treat osteoporosis. They perform a randomized controlled clinical trial to study if this compound has an effect on the incidence of hip fractures among osteoporotic patients. They find that there is no statistical difference between the experimental and control groups so they do not pursue the compound further. Two years later, a second team tests the same compound and finds that the compound is effective, and follow up studies confirm that the compound has a statistically significant effect on fracture risk. Which of the following most likely describes what occurred in the first study?\nA. Design bias\nB. Selection bias\nC. Type I error\nD. Type II error\nE. Type III error",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Type II error",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Design bias"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Selection bias"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Type I error"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Type II error"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Type III error"
}
],
"index": 4453,
"question": "A pharmaceutical company is studying the effect of a novel compound that they have discovered to treat osteoporosis. They perform a randomized controlled clinical trial to study if this compound has an effect on the incidence of hip fractures among osteoporotic patients. They find that there is no statistical difference between the experimental and control groups so they do not pursue the compound further. Two years later, a second team tests the same compound and finds that the compound is effective, and follow up studies confirm that the compound has a statistically significant effect on fracture risk. Which of the following most likely describes what occurred in the first study?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich sleep stage is most characteristic of sawtooth waves?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "REM sleep",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 18318,
"question": "Which sleep stage is most characteristic of sawtooth waves?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 60-year-old man comes to the physician because his wife has noticed that his left eye looks smaller than his right. He has had worsening left shoulder and arm pain for 3 months. He has smoked two packs of cigarettes daily for 35 years. Examination shows left-sided ptosis. The pupils are unequal but reactive to light; when measured in dim light, the left pupil is 3 mm and the right pupil is 5 mm. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's ophthalmologic symptoms?\nA. Thrombosis of the cavernous sinus\nB. Aneurysm of the posterior cerebral artery\nC. Dissection of the carotid artery\nD. Compression of the stellate ganglion\nE. Infiltration of the cervical plexus",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Compression of the stellate ganglion",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Thrombosis of the cavernous sinus"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Aneurysm of the posterior cerebral artery"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Dissection of the carotid artery"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Compression of the stellate ganglion"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Infiltration of the cervical plexus"
}
],
"index": 4490,
"question": "A 60-year-old man comes to the physician because his wife has noticed that his left eye looks smaller than his right. He has had worsening left shoulder and arm pain for 3 months. He has smoked two packs of cigarettes daily for 35 years. Examination shows left-sided ptosis. The pupils are unequal but reactive to light; when measured in dim light, the left pupil is 3 mm and the right pupil is 5 mm. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's ophthalmologic symptoms?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nIn post-ductal coarctation of aoa, blood flow to the lower limbs is maintained by increased blood flow through\nA. Inferior phrenic and pericardio phrenic aery\nB. Intercostal and superior epigastric aery\nC. Subcostal and umbilical aery\nD. Veebral and anterior spinal aery",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Intercostal and superior epigastric aery",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Inferior phrenic and pericardio phrenic aery"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Intercostal and superior epigastric aery"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Subcostal and umbilical aery"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Veebral and anterior spinal aery"
}
],
"index": 12178,
"question": "In post-ductal coarctation of aoa, blood flow to the lower limbs is maintained by increased blood flow through",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 37-year-old man is presented to the emergency department by paramedics after being involved in a serious 3-car collision on an interstate highway while he was driving his motorcycle. On physical examination, he is responsive only to painful stimuli and his pupils are not reactive to light. His upper extremities are involuntarily flexed with hands clenched into fists. The vital signs include temperature 36.1°C (97.0°F), blood pressure 80/60 mm Hg, and pulse 102/min. A non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the head shows a massive intracerebral hemorrhage with a midline shift. Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis shows partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) of 68 mm Hg, and the patient is put on mechanical ventilation. His condition continues to decline while in the emergency department and it is suspected that this patient is brain dead. Which of the following results can be used to confirm brain death and legally remove this patient from the ventilator?\nA. Electrocardiogram\nB. More than a 30% decrease in pulse oximetry\nC. Lumbar puncture and CSF culture\nD. Electromyography with nerve conduction studies\nE. CT scan",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "E. CT scan",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Electrocardiogram"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "More than a 30% decrease in pulse oximetry"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Lumbar puncture and CSF culture"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Electromyography with nerve conduction studies"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "CT scan"
}
],
"index": 5250,
"question": "A 37-year-old man is presented to the emergency department by paramedics after being involved in a serious 3-car collision on an interstate highway while he was driving his motorcycle. On physical examination, he is responsive only to painful stimuli and his pupils are not reactive to light. His upper extremities are involuntarily flexed with hands clenched into fists. The vital signs include temperature 36.1°C (97.0°F), blood pressure 80/60 mm Hg, and pulse 102/min. A non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the head shows a massive intracerebral hemorrhage with a midline shift. Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis shows partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) of 68 mm Hg, and the patient is put on mechanical ventilation. His condition continues to decline while in the emergency department and it is suspected that this patient is brain dead. Which of the following results can be used to confirm brain death and legally remove this patient from the ventilator?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nInto which part of the urethra do the bulbourethral glands open?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Spongy",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 12603,
"question": "Into which part of the urethra do the bulbourethral glands open?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 34-year-old G2P1 female at 37 weeks of gestation presents to the clinic for complaints of right-hand numbness and pain for the past month. She reports that the pain is usually worse at night and that she would sometimes wake up in the middle of the night from the “pins and needles.” She denies fever, weakness, or weight changes but endorses paresthesia and pain. The patient also reports a fall on her right hand 2 weeks ago. A physical examination demonstrates mild sensory deficits at the first 3 digits of the right hand but no tenderness with palpation. Strength is intact throughout. Which of the following findings would further support the diagnosis of this patient’s condition?\nA. Hairline fracture of the scaphoid bone on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\nB. Loss of sensation at the thenar eminence\nC. Small cross-sectional area of the median nerve on ultrasonography\nD. Tingling when the right wrist is percussed\nE. Tingling when the wrists are extended 90 degrees",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Tingling when the right wrist is percussed",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Hairline fracture of the scaphoid bone on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Loss of sensation at the thenar eminence"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Small cross-sectional area of the median nerve on ultrasonography"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Tingling when the right wrist is percussed"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Tingling when the wrists are extended 90 degrees"
}
],
"index": 3727,
"question": "A 34-year-old G2P1 female at 37 weeks of gestation presents to the clinic for complaints of right-hand numbness and pain for the past month. She reports that the pain is usually worse at night and that she would sometimes wake up in the middle of the night from the “pins and needles.” She denies fever, weakness, or weight changes but endorses paresthesia and pain. The patient also reports a fall on her right hand 2 weeks ago. A physical examination demonstrates mild sensory deficits at the first 3 digits of the right hand but no tenderness with palpation. Strength is intact throughout. Which of the following findings would further support the diagnosis of this patient’s condition?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nWhich of the following is the most serious late side effect of treatment of Hodgkins disease?\nA. Cardiac injury\nB. Infeility\nC. Hair loss\nD. Osteoporosis",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Cardiac injury",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Cardiac injury"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Infeility"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Hair loss"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Osteoporosis"
}
],
"index": 10317,
"question": "Which of the following is the most serious late side effect of treatment of Hodgkins disease?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the key biochemical test that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from Staphylococcus epidermidis?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Is coagulase positive",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 14129,
"question": "What is the key biochemical test that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from Staphylococcus epidermidis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nThe short gastric artery is a branch of which artery?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Splenic aery",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 12276,
"question": "The short gastric artery is a branch of which artery?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat drug can be used as an alternative to epinephrine during Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "High dose vasopressin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 10568,
"question": "What drug can be used as an alternative to epinephrine during Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the best diagnostic investigation for acute cholecystitis?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "HIDA scan",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 17606,
"question": "What is the best diagnostic investigation for acute cholecystitis?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 21-year-old lacrosse player comes to the doctor for an annual health assessment. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. She is 160 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall and weighs 57 kg (125 lb); BMI is 22 kg/m2. Pulmonary function tests show an FEV1 of 90% and an FVC of 3600 mL. Whole body plethysmography is performed to measure airway resistance. Which of the following structures of the respiratory tree is likely to have the highest contribution to total airway resistance?\nA. Respiratory bronchioles\nB. Mainstem bronchi\nC. Segmental bronchi\nD. Conducting bronchioles\nE. Terminal bronchioles",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Segmental bronchi",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Respiratory bronchioles"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Mainstem bronchi"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Segmental bronchi"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Conducting bronchioles"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Terminal bronchioles"
}
],
"index": 3286,
"question": "A 21-year-old lacrosse player comes to the doctor for an annual health assessment. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. She is 160 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall and weighs 57 kg (125 lb); BMI is 22 kg/m2. Pulmonary function tests show an FEV1 of 90% and an FVC of 3600 mL. Whole body plethysmography is performed to measure airway resistance. Which of the following structures of the respiratory tree is likely to have the highest contribution to total airway resistance?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 34-year-old man comes to the physician for a 2-month history of an itchy rash on his forearm. He feels well otherwise and has not had any fever or chills. He returned from an archaeological expedition to Guatemala 4 months ago. Skin examination shows a solitary, round, pink-colored plaque with central ulceration on the right wrist. There is right axillary lymphadenopathy. A photomicrograph of a biopsy specimen from the lesion is shown. Which of the following is the most likely causal organism?\nA. Treponema pallidum\nB. Trypanosoma brucei\nC. Ancylostoma duodenale\nD. Borrelia burgdorferi\nE. Leishmania braziliensis",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "E. Leishmania braziliensis",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Treponema pallidum"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Trypanosoma brucei"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Ancylostoma duodenale"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Borrelia burgdorferi"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Leishmania braziliensis"
}
],
"index": 3746,
"question": "A 34-year-old man comes to the physician for a 2-month history of an itchy rash on his forearm. He feels well otherwise and has not had any fever or chills. He returned from an archaeological expedition to Guatemala 4 months ago. Skin examination shows a solitary, round, pink-colored plaque with central ulceration on the right wrist. There is right axillary lymphadenopathy. A photomicrograph of a biopsy specimen from the lesion is shown. Which of the following is the most likely causal organism?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nUreter develops from which of the following\nA. Pronephros\nB. Mesonephros\nC. Metanephros\nD. Mesonephric duct",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Mesonephric duct",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Pronephros"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Mesonephros"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Metanephros"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Mesonephric duct"
}
],
"index": 20552,
"question": "Ureter develops from which of the following",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 42-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with 2 weeks of abdominal pain. She says that the pain is squeezing in character and gets worse after she eats food. The pain is particularly bad after she eats dairy products so she has begun to avoid ice cream and cheese. Furthermore, she has noticed that she has been experiencing episodes of nausea associated with abdominal pain in the last 4 days. Physical exam reveals tenderness to palpation and rebound tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The molecule that is most likely responsible for the increased pain this patient experiences after eating fatty foods is most likely secreted by which of the following cells?\nA. D cells\nB. G cells\nC. I cells\nD. P/D1 cells\nE. S cells",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. I cells",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "D cells"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "G cells"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "I cells"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "P/D1 cells"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "S cells"
}
],
"index": 3994,
"question": "A 42-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with 2 weeks of abdominal pain. She says that the pain is squeezing in character and gets worse after she eats food. The pain is particularly bad after she eats dairy products so she has begun to avoid ice cream and cheese. Furthermore, she has noticed that she has been experiencing episodes of nausea associated with abdominal pain in the last 4 days. Physical exam reveals tenderness to palpation and rebound tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The molecule that is most likely responsible for the increased pain this patient experiences after eating fatty foods is most likely secreted by which of the following cells?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the Von Rosen splint used for?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "CONGENITAL DISPLACEMENT OF HIP",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 14855,
"question": "What is the Von Rosen splint used for?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the range of whole body radiation exposure (in rads) that causes injury to the haemopoietic system of the bone marrow?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "200-1000 rads",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 17279,
"question": "What is the range of whole body radiation exposure (in rads) that causes injury to the haemopoietic system of the bone marrow?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA bacterial isolate obtained from a hospitalized patient is found to be resistant to amikacin. The isolated bacteria most likely has which of the following characteristics?\nA. D-Ala to D-Lac mutation\nB. DNA topoisomerase II mutation\nC. Low-affinity penicillin binding protein\nD. Increased drug influx capacity\nE. Enhanced ability to transfer acetyl groups",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "E. Enhanced ability to transfer acetyl groups",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "D-Ala to D-Lac mutation"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "DNA topoisomerase II mutation"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Low-affinity penicillin binding protein"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Increased drug influx capacity"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Enhanced ability to transfer acetyl groups"
}
],
"index": 3832,
"question": "A bacterial isolate obtained from a hospitalized patient is found to be resistant to amikacin. The isolated bacteria most likely has which of the following characteristics?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nPuerperial pyrexia is fever for 24 hours or more after child bih if temperature is more than (degree F): March 2013\nA. 99\nB. 99.5\nC. 100\nD. 100.4",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. 100.4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "99"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "99.5"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "100"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "100.4"
}
],
"index": 14267,
"question": "Puerperial pyrexia is fever for 24 hours or more after child bih if temperature is more than (degree F): March 2013",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nIn multibacillaryleprosy the follow-up examination after adequate treatment should be done yearly for-\nA. 3 years\nB. 3 years\nC. 5 years\nD. 10 years",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. 5 years",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "3 years"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "3 years"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "5 years"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "10 years"
}
],
"index": 19445,
"question": "In multibacillaryleprosy the follow-up examination after adequate treatment should be done yearly for-",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nCavernous sinus thrombosis is due infection of\nA. Pterygoid plexus\nB. Submental space\nC. Maxillary sinus\nD. Submandibular space",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Pterygoid plexus",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Pterygoid plexus"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Submental space"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Maxillary sinus"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Submandibular space"
}
],
"index": 12445,
"question": "Cavernous sinus thrombosis is due infection of",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 28-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 1-year history of chronic back pain. He explains that the pain started after getting a job at a logistics company. He does not recall any trauma and does not have morning stiffness or neurological symptoms. He has been seen by two other physicians for his back pain who did not establish a diagnosis. The patient also has abdominal bloating and a feeling of constipation that started 3 weeks ago. After doing extensive research on the internet, he is concerned that the symptoms might be caused by pancreatic cancer. He would like to undergo a CT scan of his abdomen for reassurance. He has a history of episodic chest pain, for which he underwent medical evaluation with another healthcare provider. Tests showed no pathological results. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He reports that he is under significant pressure from his superiors due to frequent performance evaluations. He takes daily multivitamins and glucosamine to prevent arthritis. His vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows a soft, non-tender, non-distended abdomen and mild bilateral paraspinal muscle tenderness. The remainder of the examination, including a neurologic examination, shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies are within the reference range. An x-ray of the spine shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this patient's symptoms?\nA. Malignant neoplasm\nB. Atypical depression\nC. Irritable bowel syndrome\nD. Somatic symptom disorder\nE. Acute stress disorder",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Somatic symptom disorder",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Malignant neoplasm"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Atypical depression"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Irritable bowel syndrome"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Somatic symptom disorder"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Acute stress disorder"
}
],
"index": 10144,
"question": "A 28-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 1-year history of chronic back pain. He explains that the pain started after getting a job at a logistics company. He does not recall any trauma and does not have morning stiffness or neurological symptoms. He has been seen by two other physicians for his back pain who did not establish a diagnosis. The patient also has abdominal bloating and a feeling of constipation that started 3 weeks ago. After doing extensive research on the internet, he is concerned that the symptoms might be caused by pancreatic cancer. He would like to undergo a CT scan of his abdomen for reassurance. He has a history of episodic chest pain, for which he underwent medical evaluation with another healthcare provider. Tests showed no pathological results. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He reports that he is under significant pressure from his superiors due to frequent performance evaluations. He takes daily multivitamins and glucosamine to prevent arthritis. His vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows a soft, non-tender, non-distended abdomen and mild bilateral paraspinal muscle tenderness. The remainder of the examination, including a neurologic examination, shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies are within the reference range. An x-ray of the spine shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this patient's symptoms?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the duration of action of omeprazole?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "24-48 hrs",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 11216,
"question": "What is the duration of action of omeprazole?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat pigment is responsible for the brown color observed in contusions?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Haemosiderin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 15744,
"question": "What pigment is responsible for the brown color observed in contusions?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most appropriate next step in the management of a 36-year-old woman with community-acquired pneumonia who is clinically stable, has no significant comorbidities, and presents with a right lower lobe infiltrate on chest x-ray?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Outpatient treatment with oral doxycycline",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 7044,
"question": "What is the most appropriate next step in the management of a 36-year-old woman with community-acquired pneumonia who is clinically stable, has no significant comorbidities, and presents with a right lower lobe infiltrate on chest x-ray?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nWhat is/are components of Nutrition surveillance?\nA. Policy maker\nB. National survey\nC. AFP surveillace\nD. DOTS",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Policy maker",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Policy maker"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "National survey"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "AFP surveillace"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "DOTS"
}
],
"index": 18694,
"question": "What is/are components of Nutrition surveillance?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nA 40-year-old woman with a history of Raynaud's disease presents with a 2-month history of chest pain and heartburn that worsens at night and when lying down. On examination, she has thickening and hardening of the skin on her hands and face, along with several firm, white nodules on her elbows and fingertips. What specific autoantibody is most likely to be found in this patient?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Anticentromere antibodies",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 9141,
"question": "A 40-year-old woman with a history of Raynaud's disease presents with a 2-month history of chest pain and heartburn that worsens at night and when lying down. On examination, she has thickening and hardening of the skin on her hands and face, along with several firm, white nodules on her elbows and fingertips. What specific autoantibody is most likely to be found in this patient?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nThe effective dose of a Chest x-ray is ____________.\nA. 0.02 mSv\nB. 0.2 mSv\nC. 0.05 mSv\nD. 0.1 mSv",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. 0.02 mSv",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "0.02 mSv"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "0.2 mSv"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "0.05 mSv"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "0.1 mSv"
}
],
"index": 17380,
"question": "The effective dose of a Chest x-ray is ____________.",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nA 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after being found agitated and screaming for help in the middle of the street. She reports dizziness and tingling in her lips and hands. Her past medical history is significant for generalized anxiety disorder, treated with paroxetine. On admission, her pulse is 125/min, respiratory rate is 25/min, and body temperature is 36.5°C (97.7°F). Physical examination is unremarkable. An arterial blood gas sample is obtained. What arterial blood gas findings would you most likely expect in this patient?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "pH: increased, HCO3- : decreased, Pco2: decreased",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 4908,
"question": "A 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after being found agitated and screaming for help in the middle of the street. She reports dizziness and tingling in her lips and hands. Her past medical history is significant for generalized anxiety disorder, treated with paroxetine. On admission, her pulse is 125/min, respiratory rate is 25/min, and body temperature is 36.5°C (97.7°F). Physical examination is unremarkable. An arterial blood gas sample is obtained. What arterial blood gas findings would you most likely expect in this patient?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA previously healthy 20-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of a painless mass in his left groin that has been gradually increasing in size. Physical examination shows a 3x3-cm oval, non-tender left inguinal mass and a fluctuant, painless left scrotal swelling that increase in size with coughing. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?\nA. Failure of processus vaginalis to close\nB. Obstruction of left spermatic vein\nC. Reduced fluid reabsorption at tunica vaginalis\nD. Widening of femoral ring\nE. Weakening of transversalis fascia\n\"",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "A. Failure of processus vaginalis to close",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Failure of processus vaginalis to close"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Obstruction of left spermatic vein"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Reduced fluid reabsorption at tunica vaginalis"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Widening of femoral ring"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Weakening of transversalis fascia\n\""
}
],
"index": 141,
"question": "A previously healthy 20-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of a painless mass in his left groin that has been gradually increasing in size. Physical examination shows a 3x3-cm oval, non-tender left inguinal mass and a fluctuant, painless left scrotal swelling that increase in size with coughing. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat is the most likely source of infection responsible for the outbreak of pneumonia in this hospitalized patient and others with similar symptoms following hip replacement surgery?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Colonization of the air conditioning system",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 4158,
"question": "What is the most likely source of infection responsible for the outbreak of pneumonia in this hospitalized patient and others with similar symptoms following hip replacement surgery?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nUrinary retention in child is most commonly caused by -\nA. Metal scab with ulceration\nB. Post.urethral valve\nC. Urethral stricture\nD. Epispadias",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Post.urethral valve",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Metal scab with ulceration"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Post.urethral valve"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Urethral stricture"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Epispadias"
}
],
"index": 10789,
"question": "Urinary retention in child is most commonly caused by -",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nA 29-year-old man is brought to the emergency room 6 hours after the onset of severe epigastric pain and vomiting. His heart rate is 110/min and blood pressure is 98/72 mm Hg. He is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, and fluid resuscitation with normal saline is initiated. Which of the following is the most likely immediate effect of fluid resuscitation in this patient?\nA. Increase in cardiac afterload\nB. Increase in volume of distribution\nC. Increase in myocardial oxygen demand\nD. Increase in plasma oncotic pressure\nE. Increase in glomerular filtration fraction\n\"",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "C. Increase in myocardial oxygen demand",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Increase in cardiac afterload"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Increase in volume of distribution"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Increase in myocardial oxygen demand"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Increase in plasma oncotic pressure"
},
{
"key": "E",
"value": "Increase in glomerular filtration fraction\n\""
}
],
"index": 3842,
"question": "A 29-year-old man is brought to the emergency room 6 hours after the onset of severe epigastric pain and vomiting. His heart rate is 110/min and blood pressure is 98/72 mm Hg. He is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, and fluid resuscitation with normal saline is initiated. Which of the following is the most likely immediate effect of fluid resuscitation in this patient?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhich chromosomal translocation is associated with a favorable prognosis in a 5-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by CD10, CD19, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) positive immature cells?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "t(12;21)",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 5604,
"question": "Which chromosomal translocation is associated with a favorable prognosis in a 5-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by CD10, CD19, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) positive immature cells?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nAn AIDS patient complains of headaches and disorientation. A clinical diagnosis of Toxoplasma encephalitis is made and Toxoplasma cysts were observed in a brain section. Which one of the following antibody results would be most likely in this patient?\nA. IgM nonreactive, IgG nonreactive\nB. IgM nonreactive, IgG reactive (low titre)\nC. IgM reactive (low titer), IgG reactive (high titer)\nD. IgM reactive (high titer), IgG reactive (high titer)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. IgM nonreactive, IgG reactive (low titre)",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "IgM nonreactive, IgG nonreactive"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "IgM nonreactive, IgG reactive (low titre)"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "IgM reactive (low titer), IgG reactive (high titer)"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "IgM reactive (high titer), IgG reactive (high titer)"
}
],
"index": 14008,
"question": "An AIDS patient complains of headaches and disorientation. A clinical diagnosis of Toxoplasma encephalitis is made and Toxoplasma cysts were observed in a brain section. Which one of the following antibody results would be most likely in this patient?",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat type of pathological process is Paget's disease of the nipple?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Neoplasia",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 10868,
"question": "What type of pathological process is Paget's disease of the nipple?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nIn which condition is toxic megacolon most commonly seen?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Chronic non specific ulcerative colities",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 11148,
"question": "In which condition is toxic megacolon most commonly seen?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-rank
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process and then provides the user with an accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think>reasoning process here</think> answer here. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly list all possible answers in order from most likely to least likely. Start with \"# Final Answer\" followed by numbered lines using the format `n. answer` for each answer. Each item MUST contain only the answer without any explanation or reasoning.\n\nExample:\n<think>...</think>\n\n# Final Answer\n1. xxx\n2. xxx\n\nNow the user asks you to solve a problem.\n\nWhat complication characterized by muffled heart sounds is this patient at increased risk of developing?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "Muffled heart sounds",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": null,
"index": 5956,
"question": "What complication characterized by muffled heart sounds is this patient at increased risk of developing?",
"split": "train",
"type": "rank"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nThe advantage of bladder drainage over enteric drainage after pancreatic transplantation is better monitoring of:\nA. HBA1C levels\nB. Amylase levels\nC. Glucose levels\nD. Electrolyte levels",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "B. Amylase levels",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "HBA1C levels"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Amylase levels"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Glucose levels"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Electrolyte levels"
}
],
"index": 10899,
"question": "The advantage of bladder drainage over enteric drainage after pancreatic transplantation is better monitoring of:",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
pittawat/medqa-medmcqa-mcq
|
[
{
"content": "You are a helpful and harmless expert clinical assistant. The assistant first thinks about the reasoning process in the mind and then provides the user with the accurate answer. The reasoning process is enclosed within <think></think> tags followed by an answer, i.e., <think> reasoning process here </think> answer here. Now the user asks you to solve a problem. After thinking, when you finally reach a conclusion, clearly state the final answer in \\boxed{}. You always begins your answer with the choice, e.g., A., B., C., D., E. in the \\boxed{}.\n\nWhich of the following STDs cause fetal abnormality –\nA. Herpes\nB. Hepatitis\nC. Gonococci\nD. Syphilis",
"role": "user"
}
] |
medical
|
{
"ground_truth": "D. Syphilis",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"choices": [
{
"key": "A",
"value": "Herpes"
},
{
"key": "B",
"value": "Hepatitis"
},
{
"key": "C",
"value": "Gonococci"
},
{
"key": "D",
"value": "Syphilis"
}
],
"index": 15491,
"question": "Which of the following STDs cause fetal abnormality –",
"split": "train",
"type": "mcq"
}
|
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