id
stringlengths 2
47
| answer_type
stringclasses 11
values | category
stringclasses 16
values | difficulty
stringclasses 5
values | data_source
stringclasses 1
value | prompt
listlengths 1
1
| ability
stringclasses 1
value | reward_model
dict | extra_info
dict | verifications
int64 0
7
⌀ | domain
stringlengths 3
84
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<urn:uuid:4de62d01-c912-4ad3-b33b-0bdd08441b98>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary application field of two-photon excitation (TPE) microscopy, and what are the key advantages that make it particularly suited for this field despite its acute photodamage compared to confocal microscopy? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Neuroscience for structural and functional imaging of the nervous system",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Neuroscience for structural and functional imaging of the nervous system",
"index": 3033267,
"question": "What is the primary application field of two-photon excitation (TPE) microscopy, and what are the key advantages that make it particularly suited for this field despite its acute photodamage compared to confocal microscopy?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:9a81568d-1ede-4ea5-876e-a049305f2e85>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the proposed definition of energy that emphasizes its role in enabling changes in matter or potential to do so? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Energy is a property of matter that makes things happen or has potential to do so.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Energy is a property of matter that makes things happen or has potential to do so.",
"index": 3033268,
"question": "What is the proposed definition of energy that emphasizes its role in enabling changes in matter or potential to do so?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
physics
|
<urn:uuid:84ac64b5-f3fd-412c-9b18-3162e3cd26e6>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How many key components of the Year 2 Science Understanding from the Australian Curriculum does the Living Smart Schools Good to Grow program specifically address? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "four",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "four",
"index": 3033269,
"question": "How many key components of the Year 2 Science Understanding from the Australian Curriculum does the Living Smart Schools Good to Grow program specifically address?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:264f18ca-376a-48be-be84-42fa01d7e62b>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What legal argument did the Nez Percé use to assert their land rights against U.S. government claims based on treaties? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The Nez Percé claimed treaties were invalid because no authorized leader sold their land.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The Nez Percé claimed treaties were invalid because no authorized leader sold their land.",
"index": 3033270,
"question": "What legal argument did the Nez Percé use to assert their land rights against U.S. government claims based on treaties?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
law
|
<urn:uuid:0c387a9a-8133-4761-9fb2-ef152c382dbc>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which work is identified as the progenitor of the American road book literary subgenre? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "A Hoosier Holiday",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "A Hoosier Holiday",
"index": 3033271,
"question": "Which work is identified as the progenitor of the American road book literary subgenre?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:64402b46-87ca-4061-9218-801fe4225cec>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary advantage of the Europa Clipper's dual-frequency radar (REASON) over JUICE's single-frequency radar in studying Europa's ice shell? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Enables both high-resolution upper layer imaging and deep penetration",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Enables both high-resolution upper layer imaging and deep penetration",
"index": 3033272,
"question": "What is the primary advantage of the Europa Clipper's dual-frequency radar (REASON) over JUICE's single-frequency radar in studying Europa's ice shell?",
"split": "train"
}
| 4 |
engineering
|
<urn:uuid:a4cc48f3-1959-4e68-9a1e-78dbf742d83f>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the correct approach to avoid reinforcing negative behavior when using consequences in Corrective Teaching? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Reward only after the consequence is completed, not for stopping the negative behavior.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Reward only after the consequence is completed, not for stopping the negative behavior.",
"index": 3033273,
"question": "What is the correct approach to avoid reinforcing negative behavior when using consequences in Corrective Teaching?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:a7d83455-df53-4638-be22-769d06f328a7>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What theoretical framework underpins the lesson plan's emphasis on collaborative knowledge construction and reader response strategies? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "social constructivism",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "social constructivism",
"index": 3033274,
"question": "What theoretical framework underpins the lesson plan's emphasis on collaborative knowledge construction and reader response strategies?",
"split": "train"
}
| 3 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:8eafb06e-45d8-439c-9415-8dbe49954c4d>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What radical alternatives to habitat restoration are proposed for species conservation in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, given the failure of traditional methods to halt native fish declines? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "assisted relocation, assisted evolution, cryopreservation",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "assisted relocation, assisted evolution, cryopreservation",
"index": 3033275,
"question": "What radical alternatives to habitat restoration are proposed for species conservation in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, given the failure of traditional methods to halt native fish declines?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:156648ab-160c-45d6-bb98-3b8f560a319b>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the estimated annual economic damage caused by invasive species in the United States? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "$123 billion",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "$123 billion",
"index": 3033276,
"question": "What is the estimated annual economic damage caused by invasive species in the United States?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
economics
|
<urn:uuid:6636423d-33c9-4f8b-b216-afdfaf017d47>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the fall rate per 1,000 population for adults aged 75 and older? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "115",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "115",
"index": 3033277,
"question": "What is the fall rate per 1,000 population for adults aged 75 and older?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public health
|
<urn:uuid:76da8e21-20b5-405a-a676-9960bb5e74d9>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What does a patient seeing five lights during the Worth 4 dot test indicate about their binocular vision status? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "No fusion of images, indicating suppression.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "No fusion of images, indicating suppression.",
"index": 3033278,
"question": "What does a patient seeing five lights during the Worth 4 dot test indicate about their binocular vision status?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:77f22832-5511-48f2-9bf9-bc9b044e3ba0>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Is CO2 emitted by burning fossil fuels a pollutant and evil gas, based on recent data and arguments presented? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "No, recent data does not support this claim.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "No, recent data does not support this claim.",
"index": 3033279,
"question": "Is CO2 emitted by burning fossil fuels a pollutant and evil gas, based on recent data and arguments presented?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:6a5bf80d-f826-4932-8a81-62ad440cfa55>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the discrepancy between the daily magnesium dosage recommended by DAN doctors and the dosage shown to reduce hyperactivity in a 6-month study? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "100 mg vs 200 mg",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "100 mg vs 200 mg",
"index": 3033280,
"question": "What is the discrepancy between the daily magnesium dosage recommended by DAN doctors and the dosage shown to reduce hyperactivity in a 6-month study?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:bf46148b-bbf4-4ef9-97ab-fe2536b72244>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Under authentic accountability principles, what is the minimum requirement for forms of evidence in making academic decisions? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "multiple forms of evidence",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "multiple forms of evidence",
"index": 3033281,
"question": "Under authentic accountability principles, what is the minimum requirement for forms of evidence in making academic decisions?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:78893a97-0a62-4840-97ca-b640b81cecf2>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which verse in Surah Al-Anfal abrogates the command in verse 8:65 regarding retreating in combat? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Surah Al-Anfal 8:66",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Surah Al-Anfal 8:66",
"index": 3033282,
"question": "Which verse in Surah Al-Anfal abrogates the command in verse 8:65 regarding retreating in combat?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
other
|
<urn:uuid:c298d5a3-54e5-4dab-b4e9-9b82e91b39c2>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What percentage of Americans in a 2012 Gallup poll believed that humans were created in their present form within the last 10,000 years? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "46%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "46%",
"index": 3033283,
"question": "What percentage of Americans in a 2012 Gallup poll believed that humans were created in their present form within the last 10,000 years?",
"split": "train"
}
| 7 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:6718680e-441e-4e2e-8363-111d81a0f710>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What specific biblical passage is cited to justify the concept of popular sovereignty in American political philosophy, and how does it relate to the Declaration of Independence? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Genesis 1",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Genesis 1",
"index": 3033284,
"question": "What specific biblical passage is cited to justify the concept of popular sovereignty in American political philosophy, and how does it relate to the Declaration of Independence?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
political science
|
<urn:uuid:3fcb71fc-5ee4-4c7f-a2b4-2147095a5add>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the difference between the USDA's recommended percentage of household food spending on fruits and vegetables and the current average percentage in the U.S.? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "15 percentage points",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "15 percentage points",
"index": 3033285,
"question": "What is the difference between the USDA's recommended percentage of household food spending on fruits and vegetables and the current average percentage in the U.S.?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
economics
|
<urn:uuid:4245ff8c-9fc8-4755-97e2-cb1a6d2ce9d1>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What did the 2012 University of Gothenburg study find regarding the impact of heavy smartphone use on mental health? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Depressive symptoms increased in both men and women",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Depressive symptoms increased in both men and women",
"index": 3033286,
"question": "What did the 2012 University of Gothenburg study find regarding the impact of heavy smartphone use on mental health?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
psychology
|
<urn:uuid:2908410a-3555-4069-8ac8-fdc2411bfd14>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the proposed solution to address the irreversible lead contamination in Flint's water infrastructure, considering the cost and time required for replacement? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Flint must be abandoned.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Flint must be abandoned.",
"index": 3033287,
"question": "What is the proposed solution to address the irreversible lead contamination in Flint's water infrastructure, considering the cost and time required for replacement?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:0aa8f9a4-2105-4c19-82a6-b7403cbf2d66>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Is land scarcity for burial spaces in Zimbabwe's urban areas endemic compared to countries with high cremation rates? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "No",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "No",
"index": 3033288,
"question": "Is land scarcity for burial spaces in Zimbabwe's urban areas endemic compared to countries with high cremation rates?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
urban planning
|
<urn:uuid:1d6651f1-4d96-4af5-9b53-bb3e55714887>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What are the three primary challenges slowing the adoption of patient-centered data integration in healthcare? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Cultural support, technology/competency gaps, and data management issues",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Cultural support, technology/competency gaps, and data management issues",
"index": 3033289,
"question": "What are the three primary challenges slowing the adoption of patient-centered data integration in healthcare?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
data science
|
<urn:uuid:7cc7629d-7f45-48b1-802a-4da55ee9ecdf>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How does the CALCiViS imaging system improve the detection of active dental demineralization compared to traditional methods? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Direct calcium ion detection via photoprotein luminescence",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Direct calcium ion detection via photoprotein luminescence",
"index": 3033290,
"question": "How does the CALCiViS imaging system improve the detection of active dental demineralization compared to traditional methods?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:ad26bd16-31b1-4013-ac72-a86c75b0a135>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the difference in jump start frequency between beach and indoor volleyball, expressed as jumps per minute? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "0.43 jumps per minute higher in beach volleyball",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "0.43 jumps per minute higher in beach volleyball",
"index": 3033291,
"question": "What is the difference in jump start frequency between beach and indoor volleyball, expressed as jumps per minute?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
other
|
<urn:uuid:862a08d5-3e91-47de-aaea-1f86d9ef3a15>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What management system developed by Taylor and Gantt in the early 20th century is explicitly linked to the labor organization methods used in slavery? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "task system",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "task system",
"index": 3033292,
"question": "What management system developed by Taylor and Gantt in the early 20th century is explicitly linked to the labor organization methods used in slavery?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
management
|
<urn:uuid:46b60444-a3cb-4667-91d1-d6e9344bfa9a>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What economic principle explains why human tasks become more valuable as automation improves the reliability of other components in a task? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "O-ring principle",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "O-ring principle",
"index": 3033293,
"question": "What economic principle explains why human tasks become more valuable as automation improves the reliability of other components in a task?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
economics
|
<urn:uuid:e5a33bfc-1a54-4f1f-a42d-9d880aa7789d>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the maximum grant amount a researcher can apply for under the Formas call for climate transition research? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "SEK 10 million",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "SEK 10 million",
"index": 3033294,
"question": "What is the maximum grant amount a researcher can apply for under the Formas call for climate transition research?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:6156398d-2c15-4f45-948d-149386b3ed4b>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the maximum estimated blood loss from 1000 engorged female hard ticks of larger species? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "5 liters",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "5 liters",
"index": 3033295,
"question": "What is the maximum estimated blood loss from 1000 engorged female hard ticks of larger species?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:18073b3a-ac41-4bc0-99b7-553fa9a62f8e>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the final brain cycle duration achieved in the 12-year-old patient after 18 craniosacral fascial therapy sessions, and how does this correlate with her symptom resolution? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "90 seconds",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "90 seconds",
"index": 3033296,
"question": "What was the final brain cycle duration achieved in the 12-year-old patient after 18 craniosacral fascial therapy sessions, and how does this correlate with her symptom resolution?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:b7355912-5018-4744-9e22-34ab47b539d2>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the statistically significant difference in average days for uterine involution between postpartum exercise and oxytocin massage groups, and which intervention is more effective? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "1.96 days; oxytocin massage",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "1.96 days; oxytocin massage",
"index": 3033297,
"question": "What is the statistically significant difference in average days for uterine involution between postpartum exercise and oxytocin massage groups, and which intervention is more effective?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public health
|
<urn:uuid:0aad75b1-5bad-4832-aa77-e00e9da5a3b3>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the dominant historical assessment of Thomas Wolsey's legacy by the 20th century? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "A skilled administrator but not a visionary statesman",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "A skilled administrator but not a visionary statesman",
"index": 3033298,
"question": "What was the dominant historical assessment of Thomas Wolsey's legacy by the 20th century?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:cfa50762-5b36-414c-8e82-4ba47e186f3c>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What are the three steps recommended for effectively learning a new skill through programs? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Decide goal, select aligned product, commit fully",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Decide goal, select aligned product, commit fully",
"index": 3033299,
"question": "What are the three steps recommended for effectively learning a new skill through programs?",
"split": "train"
}
| 3 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:76e09918-764c-4b19-88d4-8db193a0ee48>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How many of the 28 studies cited by Martin Pall contradict his hypothesis that EMFs act via voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs)? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "2 studies",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "2 studies",
"index": 3033300,
"question": "How many of the 28 studies cited by Martin Pall contradict his hypothesis that EMFs act via voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs)?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:34d70090-d1a9-425b-a974-e42f4e5cf2af>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the significance of accreditation for students graduating from online schools who wish to enlist in the military? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Accreditation classifies them as Tier I recruits, but branches may have extra criteria.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Accreditation classifies them as Tier I recruits, but branches may have extra criteria.",
"index": 3033301,
"question": "What is the significance of accreditation for students graduating from online schools who wish to enlist in the military?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:2ec26bad-7205-4745-abe8-e4ec848868f7>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What percentage of white millennials believe white people have more opportunities than racial minority groups today? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "39%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "39%",
"index": 3033302,
"question": "What percentage of white millennials believe white people have more opportunities than racial minority groups today?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:fc4c21b0-baad-47a0-bd9d-9cb0f7eda9e9>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What are the recommended percentages for reducing mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the first hour and over the next 24 hours for a patient with a hypertensive emergency? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "10-20% in the first hour, 5-15% over 24 hours",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "10-20% in the first hour, 5-15% over 24 hours",
"index": 3033303,
"question": "What are the recommended percentages for reducing mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the first hour and over the next 24 hours for a patient with a hypertensive emergency?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:d3e3caca-0273-4e05-a94e-b8639f73bf8a>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What percentage of California's total methyl bromide use in 1992 was accounted for by the four top crops (strawberries, grapes, almonds, and outdoor container plants)? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "48.7%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "48.7%",
"index": 3033304,
"question": "What percentage of California's total methyl bromide use in 1992 was accounted for by the four top crops (strawberries, grapes, almonds, and outdoor container plants)?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:b019b9df-2db5-4bb2-82c0-e393cdefe8c3>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the primary reason for the ineffectiveness of Red Squill bait in Chigwell's rat control efforts during Rat Week? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "access to food",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "access to food",
"index": 3033305,
"question": "What was the primary reason for the ineffectiveness of Red Squill bait in Chigwell's rat control efforts during Rat Week?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public health
|
<urn:uuid:8e4ba22c-9b5f-4d2f-b5e7-ff1b8ef03535>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Why do microchromosomes in asexual organisms accelerate Muller's ratchet despite providing some protection against deleterious mutations? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Microchromosomes allow deleterious mutations to persist, accelerating Muller's ratchet.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Microchromosomes allow deleterious mutations to persist, accelerating Muller's ratchet.",
"index": 3033306,
"question": "Why do microchromosomes in asexual organisms accelerate Muller's ratchet despite providing some protection against deleterious mutations?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:3518e473-a2ac-4922-b4ac-62f8cd0f98b2>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which MySQL Unicode collation should be used when requiring accurate linguistic sorting for German dictionary order, and why does it outperform the general collation in correctness? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "utf8_unicode_ci",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "utf8_unicode_ci",
"index": 3033307,
"question": "Which MySQL Unicode collation should be used when requiring accurate linguistic sorting for German dictionary order, and why does it outperform the general collation in correctness?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
databases
|
<urn:uuid:d55123a8-7cba-4695-bcfc-806f127bd201>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Who is identified as the fanatic in 'My Son the Fanatic,' and what evidence from Islamic teachings supports this claim? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Parvez is the fanatic.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Parvez is the fanatic.",
"index": 3033308,
"question": "Who is identified as the fanatic in 'My Son the Fanatic,' and what evidence from Islamic teachings supports this claim?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
literature
|
<urn:uuid:877b21e6-84e5-428e-af46-96070297192c>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Do cold, hot, or contrast water immersion therapies conclusively improve physiological recovery and future athletic performance in football players? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "No, evidence is inconclusive for physiological performance improvement",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "No, evidence is inconclusive for physiological performance improvement",
"index": 3033309,
"question": "Do cold, hot, or contrast water immersion therapies conclusively improve physiological recovery and future athletic performance in football players?",
"split": "train"
}
| 7 |
sports science
|
<urn:uuid:f6478e3c-97fb-46ee-b18a-cd67e4756b59>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the average number of people per family in Feltville in 1850, given the population and housing distribution described? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "4.6 people per family",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "4.6 people per family",
"index": 3033310,
"question": "What was the average number of people per family in Feltville in 1850, given the population and housing distribution described?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:1e006dad-5e91-4c53-a9d3-60b215eeecd4>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary flaw in the premise of the Paleo diet regarding ancestral human eating habits? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "No single ancestral diet existed; Paleolithic humans ate diverse, carb-inclusive diets.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "No single ancestral diet existed; Paleolithic humans ate diverse, carb-inclusive diets.",
"index": 3033311,
"question": "What is the primary flaw in the premise of the Paleo diet regarding ancestral human eating habits?",
"split": "train"
}
| 5 |
public health
|
<urn:uuid:470a378b-d630-4b76-aed3-689ea88bfa3e>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How much oil is saved annually by using a lenticular lens system instead of reflectors in a first-order lighthouse, based on the 1833 experiments? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "16 lamps' worth of oil annually",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "16 lamps' worth of oil annually",
"index": 3033312,
"question": "How much oil is saved annually by using a lenticular lens system instead of reflectors in a first-order lighthouse, based on the 1833 experiments?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
engineering
|
<urn:uuid:5bec3a69-e0fb-4ddc-8969-72900b6af615>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What are the three foundational principles of Guru Nanak's philosophy as outlined in his teachings? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Kirat Karo, Wand Chhako, and Naam Japo",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Kirat Karo, Wand Chhako, and Naam Japo",
"index": 3033313,
"question": "What are the three foundational principles of Guru Nanak's philosophy as outlined in his teachings?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
philosophy
|
<urn:uuid:31593503-d783-42ee-a86e-89462211773c>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which altitude correction method (CDC, Dirren et al., or Dallman et al.) results in the highest estimated anemia prevalence in pregnant women in Lhasa, Tibet, and what is the prevalence rate using that method? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Dirren et al. method, 77.9%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Dirren et al. method, 77.9%",
"index": 3033314,
"question": "Which altitude correction method (CDC, Dirren et al., or Dallman et al.) results in the highest estimated anemia prevalence in pregnant women in Lhasa, Tibet, and what is the prevalence rate using that method?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public health
|
<urn:uuid:23d4648a-4472-4ab7-b243-8e24f415fc6b>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the primary factor contributing to the increased celibacy rates in Ireland after the Great Famine? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Emigration",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Emigration",
"index": 3033315,
"question": "What was the primary factor contributing to the increased celibacy rates in Ireland after the Great Famine?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
sociology
|
<urn:uuid:a4af9ee3-9231-4b1c-a297-beb00c76690a>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the cultural and historical origin of the Japanese word 'arigatou' and why is it used to express gratitude? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Derived from a Buddhist parable about the rarity of human birth, 'arigatou' reflects gratitude for existence and rare gifts.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Derived from a Buddhist parable about the rarity of human birth, 'arigatou' reflects gratitude for existence and rare gifts.",
"index": 3033316,
"question": "What is the cultural and historical origin of the Japanese word 'arigatou' and why is it used to express gratitude?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
linguistics
|
<urn:uuid:81c631c6-7a3c-4a9a-b9ce-733dd10357c1>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How did the Mancada Army Barracks assault exemplify Spiral Theory in the context of the Cuban Revolution? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The assault's failure provoked Batista's repression, radicalizing the public and turning revolutionaries into heroes.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The assault's failure provoked Batista's repression, radicalizing the public and turning revolutionaries into heroes.",
"index": 3033317,
"question": "How did the Mancada Army Barracks assault exemplify Spiral Theory in the context of the Cuban Revolution?",
"split": "train"
}
| 7 |
political science
|
<urn:uuid:0ed326a3-4a96-4175-9dc3-931ff7ebb8a2>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What moral or lesson does Marlowe's play 'Doctor Faustus' aim to convey by contrasting Faustus's impetuousity with Elizabeth I's pragmatism? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "'Tis better to be an Elizabeth than a Faustus.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "'Tis better to be an Elizabeth than a Faustus.",
"index": 3033318,
"question": "What moral or lesson does Marlowe's play 'Doctor Faustus' aim to convey by contrasting Faustus's impetuousity with Elizabeth I's pragmatism?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:fac2ace8-496c-46d0-a903-392d1ef769b7>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the total annual funding required to maintain the nine at-risk USGS streamgages in the Lake Champlain basin? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "$134,000",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "$134,000",
"index": 3033319,
"question": "What is the total annual funding required to maintain the nine at-risk USGS streamgages in the Lake Champlain basin?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:9a1708a8-85f1-49e7-8e00-72ada0adcad3>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How long would it take to extract an obelisk using the hand pounding method based on the experimental extraction rate? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "23 years",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "23 years",
"index": 3033320,
"question": "How long would it take to extract an obelisk using the hand pounding method based on the experimental extraction rate?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
engineering
|
<urn:uuid:ec4d1b05-8b32-49d0-87c6-9aaf5586ed99>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What method does the Energy Island system use to ensure reliable electricity supply during periods of low renewable energy generation? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Compressed air energy storage (CAES)",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Compressed air energy storage (CAES)",
"index": 3033321,
"question": "What method does the Energy Island system use to ensure reliable electricity supply during periods of low renewable energy generation?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
energy systems
|
<urn:uuid:f73c83f0-7ce0-4807-9464-00e374a4082a>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What teaching approach ensures all pupils achieve the same learning goals by adjusting time and support rather than lowering expectations? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "mastery learning",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "mastery learning",
"index": 3033322,
"question": "What teaching approach ensures all pupils achieve the same learning goals by adjusting time and support rather than lowering expectations?",
"split": "train"
}
| 5 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:7456e9b3-f6a2-4bef-a420-6da65ccd35a1>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the nitrogen application rate per target bushel on Mike Starkey's farm using no-till and cover crop practices? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "0.7 to 0.8 pounds per target bushel",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "0.7 to 0.8 pounds per target bushel",
"index": 3033323,
"question": "What is the nitrogen application rate per target bushel on Mike Starkey's farm using no-till and cover crop practices?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:cc59a0c9-0d94-40b4-92db-1d2effbbfed5>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How many units under the Dux Thebaidos are attested in papyri with both their name and station? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "1",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "1",
"index": 3033324,
"question": "How many units under the Dux Thebaidos are attested in papyri with both their name and station?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:444d2408-3f89-45fc-8153-439627c743a7>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the total time span covered by the Minor Prophets from the earliest to the latest prophetic book? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "400 years",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "400 years",
"index": 3033325,
"question": "What is the total time span covered by the Minor Prophets from the earliest to the latest prophetic book?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:989790b2-ed0e-457c-bdd9-d891adf8aa8a>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which muscle is primarily responsible for exhaling during wind instrument playing by actively pushing up the relaxed diaphragm? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Transverse abdominus muscle",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Transverse abdominus muscle",
"index": 3033326,
"question": "Which muscle is primarily responsible for exhaling during wind instrument playing by actively pushing up the relaxed diaphragm?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
music theory
|
<urn:uuid:27e15b63-0bf8-4b66-b2bd-07c375897380>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the fundamental deficiency in the Western medical approach that leads to complications in treating diseases as a complex system? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The sum of parts does not constitute the whole.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The sum of parts does not constitute the whole.",
"index": 3033327,
"question": "What is the fundamental deficiency in the Western medical approach that leads to complications in treating diseases as a complex system?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:7d326533-0ff0-4319-a203-f19885de7a53>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What evidence supports the role of gingipains in delaying autophagosome-lysosome fusion in Porphyromonas gingivalis infection? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Yamatake et al. 2007 experiments show P. gingivalis mutants lacking gingipains are killed faster by lysosomes.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Yamatake et al. 2007 experiments show P. gingivalis mutants lacking gingipains are killed faster by lysosomes.",
"index": 3033328,
"question": "What evidence supports the role of gingipains in delaying autophagosome-lysosome fusion in Porphyromonas gingivalis infection?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:10267b98-23d1-4753-a563-670006a19cc1>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What pivotal event in 1960 enabled Sirimavo Bandaranaike to become the first female Prime Minister in the world? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "1960 general election victory",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "1960 general election victory",
"index": 3033329,
"question": "What pivotal event in 1960 enabled Sirimavo Bandaranaike to become the first female Prime Minister in the world?",
"split": "train"
}
| 5 |
political history
|
<urn:uuid:e33cbb43-e59e-4577-86dc-6a819869a21b>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What percentage of the total menhaden catch is allocated to Omega Protein's industrial fishing fleet, and why is this problematic for juvenile humpback whales in New York Harbor? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "70%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "70%",
"index": 3033330,
"question": "What percentage of the total menhaden catch is allocated to Omega Protein's industrial fishing fleet, and why is this problematic for juvenile humpback whales in New York Harbor?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:8066352f-42a7-470e-bb2c-354949dcec85>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the maximum number of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes recorded at Cotopaxi during the 2015 eruption, and on which date did this peak occur? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "200 events on 20 September 2015",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "200 events on 20 September 2015",
"index": 3033331,
"question": "What was the maximum number of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes recorded at Cotopaxi during the 2015 eruption, and on which date did this peak occur?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
earth science
|
<urn:uuid:6036d3de-4b5c-42b2-a125-625588f449f7>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the maximum recommended duration for a nap to avoid counterproductive effects on sleep and energy levels in individuals managing depression? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "20 minutes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "20 minutes",
"index": 3033332,
"question": "What is the maximum recommended duration for a nap to avoid counterproductive effects on sleep and energy levels in individuals managing depression?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
psychology
|
<urn:uuid:f15bbcb7-0286-4139-b399-c440ed1b0b69>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the ratio of Texas's GDP per capita to Russia's GDP per capita? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "6.7",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "6.7",
"index": 3033333,
"question": "What is the ratio of Texas's GDP per capita to Russia's GDP per capita?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
economics
|
<urn:uuid:9a663cb2-4beb-4576-a7cd-d3911313510f>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the total amount of funding provided by the Department of Conservation to the Backcountry Trust over the past five years for hut restoration? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "$1,750,000",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "$1,750,000",
"index": 3033334,
"question": "What is the total amount of funding provided by the Department of Conservation to the Backcountry Trust over the past five years for hut restoration?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
economics
|
<urn:uuid:72d97c36-6987-47e0-8462-cd3d26508b2b>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary reason the Panamanian government's legal framework for disaster risk management and climate change has not mitigated the climate displacement crisis in Kuna Yala? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The frameworks have not been utilized for climate displacement in Kuna Yala.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The frameworks have not been utilized for climate displacement in Kuna Yala.",
"index": 3033335,
"question": "What is the primary reason the Panamanian government's legal framework for disaster risk management and climate change has not mitigated the climate displacement crisis in Kuna Yala?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:eb6e7593-cf9d-4882-a01e-bc25d99db35a>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary argument Alfie Kohn presents against using 'Good job!' as a form of praise? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Sugar-coated control",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Sugar-coated control",
"index": 3033336,
"question": "What is the primary argument Alfie Kohn presents against using 'Good job!' as a form of praise?",
"split": "train"
}
| 1 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:dc77d2de-967f-4aab-8294-500caf6e3f56>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "How many days did the 1989 Round Table negotiations last, which culminated in an agreement on 5 April? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "59 days",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "59 days",
"index": 3033337,
"question": "How many days did the 1989 Round Table negotiations last, which culminated in an agreement on 5 April?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:b659cf2a-a7a3-4ca3-91ad-74d9cfa80f73>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What caused Jan's headaches and nausea after watching 'Lawrence of Arabia'? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Awakened etheric memories of traumatic past-life events",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Awakened etheric memories of traumatic past-life events",
"index": 3033338,
"question": "What caused Jan's headaches and nausea after watching 'Lawrence of Arabia'?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
philosophy
|
<urn:uuid:b05895ab-34be-4ad0-894e-e40b78bdc54f>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "By when was Boeing expected to complete validation for the 727-200 service bulletins? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "early 1999",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "early 1999",
"index": 3033339,
"question": "By when was Boeing expected to complete validation for the 727-200 service bulletins?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
engineering
|
<urn:uuid:6991d376-76f0-488f-9c1b-aecf9f944e37>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the Israeli government's strategic intent behind escalating repression against Palestinian stone-throwers during the Al-Aqsa clashes? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "To provoke a new intifada.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "To provoke a new intifada.",
"index": 3033340,
"question": "What is the Israeli government's strategic intent behind escalating repression against Palestinian stone-throwers during the Al-Aqsa clashes?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
political science
|
<urn:uuid:77f161e0-aca3-41f6-9b43-c6c5279dfb55>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the U.S. homeland threat assessment level for AfPak-based actors in terms of provocation and capability? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Testing for provocation, capable for capability",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Testing for provocation, capable for capability",
"index": 3033341,
"question": "What is the U.S. homeland threat assessment level for AfPak-based actors in terms of provocation and capability?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
international relations
|
<urn:uuid:7de2067a-dda0-4d85-a581-b5b9e7e50f89>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What structural feature of the influenza B polymerase enables cap-dependent transcription, and how does it differ from influenza A? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "70° rotation of PB2 cap-binding domain",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "70° rotation of PB2 cap-binding domain",
"index": 3033342,
"question": "What structural feature of the influenza B polymerase enables cap-dependent transcription, and how does it differ from influenza A?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:77fc66c4-052a-4368-9f6f-4171fea27e9e>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the difference in 5-year recurrence rates between conservative medical management and surgical hemorrhoidectomy for internal hemorrhoids? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "45-50% lower recurrence with surgery",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "45-50% lower recurrence with surgery",
"index": 3033343,
"question": "What is the difference in 5-year recurrence rates between conservative medical management and surgical hemorrhoidectomy for internal hemorrhoids?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:fdf5e213-3e12-440a-bf7f-0d7c9c85c9d9>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which entity's alliance with the Mafia during WWII is directly linked to the heroin plague of the 1950s and 1960s? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "American intelligence service",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "American intelligence service",
"index": 3033344,
"question": "Which entity's alliance with the Mafia during WWII is directly linked to the heroin plague of the 1950s and 1960s?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:e19ead04-c55c-4a55-adba-f2ba8e28d34c>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the maximum Pell Grant award amount by fiscal year 2029 under the College Affordability Act? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "$8,305",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "$8,305",
"index": 3033345,
"question": "What is the maximum Pell Grant award amount by fiscal year 2029 under the College Affordability Act?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
public policy
|
<urn:uuid:93a7e46b-70db-44a3-a3d4-9883313fd6fb>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the recommended approach to sustainably develop groundwater resources in overexploited alluvial regions of northern India? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Phased development of deeper aquifers via systematic aquifer mapping and deep piezometer networks.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Phased development of deeper aquifers via systematic aquifer mapping and deep piezometer networks.",
"index": 3033346,
"question": "What is the recommended approach to sustainably develop groundwater resources in overexploited alluvial regions of northern India?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:e4a20a21-6055-4144-b815-e8d0135d23c7>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What are the two primary types of VPN configurations and their distinct use cases in remote-access scenarios? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Client-to-Box (individual access) and Box-to-Box (network interconnection)",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Client-to-Box (individual access) and Box-to-Box (network interconnection)",
"index": 3033347,
"question": "What are the two primary types of VPN configurations and their distinct use cases in remote-access scenarios?",
"split": "train"
}
| 7 |
computer science
|
<urn:uuid:567a129e-56f2-4ec2-9304-51139dc96f5d>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the difference in percentage contribution to U.S. greenhouse gas emissions between beef production and the combined transportation and electricity sectors? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "52.7 percentage points higher",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "52.7 percentage points higher",
"index": 3033348,
"question": "What is the difference in percentage contribution to U.S. greenhouse gas emissions between beef production and the combined transportation and electricity sectors?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:f020a361-d57a-498a-b910-01031d300068>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What are the two primary mechanisms by which Candida overgrowth contributes to magnesium deficiency? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Depletion of magnesium stores due to toxin processing and impaired nutrient absorption from gut dysbiosis.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Depletion of magnesium stores due to toxin processing and impaired nutrient absorption from gut dysbiosis.",
"index": 3033349,
"question": "What are the two primary mechanisms by which Candida overgrowth contributes to magnesium deficiency?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:2fce8172-b3ef-4c08-9459-33b700f2c0be>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary conclusion regarding the effectiveness of cupping therapy based on current scientific research? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Likely placebo effect due to methodological flaws in research.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Likely placebo effect due to methodological flaws in research.",
"index": 3033350,
"question": "What is the primary conclusion regarding the effectiveness of cupping therapy based on current scientific research?",
"split": "train"
}
| 2 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:fc30fb7c-5080-468e-b248-94452fee8616>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the unique aspect of the play Octavia within the Roman fabula praetexta genre, and how does it contrast with the typical purpose of this genre? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The Octavia is the only surviving fabula praetexta that is a tragedy, contrasting with the genre’s typical celebratory purpose.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The Octavia is the only surviving fabula praetexta that is a tragedy, contrasting with the genre’s typical celebratory purpose.",
"index": 3033351,
"question": "What is the unique aspect of the play Octavia within the Roman fabula praetexta genre, and how does it contrast with the typical purpose of this genre?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:e45b4f98-fd9c-435f-bc2b-fb2fe7057c19>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the relative risk of developing ulcerative colitis in individuals vaccinated with the live measles vaccine as children compared to those unvaccinated, based on a study of 3,545 people? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "2.5 times higher",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "2.5 times higher",
"index": 3033352,
"question": "What is the relative risk of developing ulcerative colitis in individuals vaccinated with the live measles vaccine as children compared to those unvaccinated, based on a study of 3,545 people?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
epidemiology
|
<urn:uuid:5f5322d9-d0cc-4f62-adcb-24bac7542ed6>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the relative risk (RR) of developing Parkinson’s disease for men aged 70 and older per 10-year period from 1976 to 2005? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "1.35 per decade",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "1.35 per decade",
"index": 3033353,
"question": "What is the relative risk (RR) of developing Parkinson’s disease for men aged 70 and older per 10-year period from 1976 to 2005?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
epidemiology
|
<urn:uuid:72e36eb5-d048-420c-8943-7a312386aec0>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the primary thesis of Charbonnel's analysis regarding the origin of the Passion narrative in the gospels? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The Passion narrative is a midrashic invention rooted in Jewish scriptures.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The Passion narrative is a midrashic invention rooted in Jewish scriptures.",
"index": 3033354,
"question": "What is the primary thesis of Charbonnel's analysis regarding the origin of the Passion narrative in the gospels?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:80f57178-6207-40ba-8fd6-9d521cd6560c>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What historical events and architectural changes contributed to Fakenham's unusual town plan with 'islands' of buildings around the Market Place? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Three fires (1660, 1718, 1738) and subsequent rebuilding.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Three fires (1660, 1718, 1738) and subsequent rebuilding.",
"index": 3033355,
"question": "What historical events and architectural changes contributed to Fakenham's unusual town plan with 'islands' of buildings around the Market Place?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:f7d960f1-968a-4b48-94cc-0a7a92d65c26>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Which type of lamp is recommended for the growth phase of plants based on its spectral output and why? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Plasma lamps (LEP) due to 5600 K color temperature and solar-like spectrum.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Plasma lamps (LEP) due to 5600 K color temperature and solar-like spectrum.",
"index": 3033356,
"question": "Which type of lamp is recommended for the growth phase of plants based on its spectral output and why?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
biology
|
<urn:uuid:023cbe51-c817-4e85-b5bd-88521b3c4d31>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What percentage of scuba divers experience middle-ear barotrauma (MEBT) at least once in their lifetime compared to decompression sickness (DCS)? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "More than 50% vs. 4.4%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "More than 50% vs. 4.4%",
"index": 3033357,
"question": "What percentage of scuba divers experience middle-ear barotrauma (MEBT) at least once in their lifetime compared to decompression sickness (DCS)?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:7a1875d3-ce6d-4b38-9c6d-b2aedc3a3347>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the salinity level of the Salton Sea, and how does it compare to the Pacific Ocean's salinity? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "45 PPT, 25% higher than the Pacific Ocean",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "45 PPT, 25% higher than the Pacific Ocean",
"index": 3033358,
"question": "What is the salinity level of the Salton Sea, and how does it compare to the Pacific Ocean's salinity?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:980c5b24-7109-4190-bc39-2197aa476810>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Under what two conditions is a formal rehabilitation planning meeting not required for a patient with a straightforward rehabilitation case? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "The clinician is part of a multi-disciplinary team with unfettered access to other disciplines and has expertise in rehabilitation.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "The clinician is part of a multi-disciplinary team with unfettered access to other disciplines and has expertise in rehabilitation.",
"index": 3033359,
"question": "Under what two conditions is a formal rehabilitation planning meeting not required for a patient with a straightforward rehabilitation case?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
medicine
|
<urn:uuid:925f9376-060d-47c0-acbb-7883dc52d9c3>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the time span of the Alleghanian orogeny, based on its start time and duration? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "330–320 to 290–280 MYA",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "330–320 to 290–280 MYA",
"index": 3033360,
"question": "What is the time span of the Alleghanian orogeny, based on its start time and duration?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
geology
|
<urn:uuid:108f8246-1abd-49db-8db2-10a6846ccdc8>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What is the number of years between the earliest and latest start dates of civil registration in Australian colonies? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "18 years",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "18 years",
"index": 3033361,
"question": "What is the number of years between the earliest and latest start dates of civil registration in Australian colonies?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:f32253af-7ed1-44e8-910f-42d9124822bb>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "Does water fluoridation with silicofluorides disproportionately increase lead exposure in Black and Hispanic populations compared to whites, and if so, what are the key mechanisms? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Yes, due to increased lead absorption and existing exposure.",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Yes, due to increased lead absorption and existing exposure.",
"index": 3033362,
"question": "Does water fluoridation with silicofluorides disproportionately increase lead exposure in Black and Hispanic populations compared to whites, and if so, what are the key mechanisms?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
public health
|
<urn:uuid:c339c90c-1311-45d5-a6a6-045b965908d4>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "In which phase of the BSCS 5E Instructional Model are graphic novels specifically recommended as co-teachers to introduce scientific phenomena or technological concepts? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Explain",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Explain",
"index": 3033363,
"question": "In which phase of the BSCS 5E Instructional Model are graphic novels specifically recommended as co-teachers to introduce scientific phenomena or technological concepts?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
education
|
<urn:uuid:ffaf21ec-5ec2-4c7b-88b1-c0aaab8af8af>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What specific functional need led to the replacement of European snuffboxes with Chinese snuff bottles in Asia? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Reduced opening size and moisture mitigation",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Reduced opening size and moisture mitigation",
"index": 3033364,
"question": "What specific functional need led to the replacement of European snuffboxes with Chinese snuff bottles in Asia?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
history
|
<urn:uuid:036d6af7-1079-431a-a4d5-d3315dc8717e>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What was the percentage reduction in water use in Gibsons after implementing water metering and increasing water prices? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "55%",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "55%",
"index": 3033365,
"question": "What was the percentage reduction in water use in Gibsons after implementing water metering and increasing water prices?",
"split": "train"
}
| 0 |
environmental science
|
<urn:uuid:b9667c13-94e7-4151-95ca-803f3cc08ab0>
| null | null | null |
general-reasoner
|
[
{
"content": "What Moodle feature enables students to act as teachers by allowing control over course content and activities? Please reason step by step, and put your final answer within \\boxed{}.",
"role": "user"
}
] |
reasoning
|
{
"ground_truth": "Roles implementation",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"answer": "Roles implementation",
"index": 3033366,
"question": "What Moodle feature enables students to act as teachers by allowing control over course content and activities?",
"split": "train"
}
| 6 |
education
|
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