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Teacher:You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context Word: shamanism.
Question: PersonX believes in and practices Shamanism, while PersonY does not at all, so _ is more likely to be spiritual.
Answer: PersonX
Student: | PersonX believes in and practices Shamanism, while PersonY does not at all, so _ is more likely to be Jewish. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Input: Context Word: posters.
Question: PersonX covered their locker in posters of bands while PersonY didn't because _ said they loved music.
Answer: PersonX
Output: | PersonX covered their locker in posters of band while PersonY didn't because _ said they didn't care for music. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Sentence1: Urine is the liquid waste product of the body that is excreted by the urinary system.
Sentence2: The urinary system excretes a substance used in drug testing.
| excreted | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Definition: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Input: Context Word: Pale.
Question: personx wanted to maintain his pale complexion like persony did but _ lives in a very sunny environment.
Answer: PersonX
Output: | personx wanted to maintain his pale complexion like persony did but _ lives in a sun free environment. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: story: Kyle walked to his local park to play with his friends. When he got there, he saw yellow tape around his favorite apple tree. Kyle asked his friends what was going on and they gave him bad news. The tree was to be cut down, so Kyle decided to hold onto it hard. When the workers showed up, Kyle was so hungry he left on his own.
selected sentence: When he got there, he saw yellow tape around his favorite apple tree.
Student: | Kyle leaves his home >Causes/Enables> Kyle gets to the park | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | zs_opt |
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context Word: fertility.
Question: PersonX asked PersonY what are the best actions to increase fertility, because _ did not know the course of action.
Answer: PersonX
PersonX asked PersonY what are the best actions to increase fertility, but _ did not know the course of action.
Context Word: groups.
Question: PersonX had small groups of close friends unlike PersonY, because _ always kept to himself.
Answer: PersonX
PersonX had big groups of close friends unlike PersonY, because _ always kept to himself.
Context Word: brain.
Question: PersonX but not PersonY may be declared dead because _ did not display any brain activity while on the life support machine.
Answer: PersonX
| PersonX but not PersonY may be declared dead because _ did display brain activity while on the life support machine.
| NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Problem:Sentence1: Photosynthetic plants convert solar energy to chemical bond energy in carbohydrates.
Sentence2: Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical bond energy for themselves.
Solution: | bond | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Context word: upset.
Question: PersonX yelled at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Answer: PersonX.
Solution: PersonX comforted at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Why? On replacing the trigger word "yelled" with its antonym "comforted", the answer flips to PersonY which is as per the given instruction. So, this is a valid question.
New input: Context Word: brain.
Question: PersonX but not PersonY may be declared dead because _ did not display any brain activity while on the life support machine.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | PersonX but not PersonY may be declared dead because _ did display brain activity while on the life support machine. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Q: Prompt: Do you want bangs in the front and then little spikes in the back, like Kate Goslin?
Response 1: You had all of the earth wine.
Response 2: I'd like all over spikes, almost like head studs.
A: | Response 2 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
instruction:
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
question:
Statement: Ancient capital of the flat region of Berry on the northern edge of P??rigord, Bourges is on the road south to Clermont-Ferrand and Montpellier but worth a brief detour for those using the A20. Choices: 1. It is worth the short detour from the A20 to visit the Bourges. 2. There are a lot of flowers across the flat area of Berry. 3. Bourges is a significantly great distance away from the A20 and not worth the trip.
answer:
3
question:
Statement: She chose NYU Law over Columbia specifically because NYU would cover more of her tuition. Choices: 1. She thought NYU would cover more of her tuition than Columbia. 2. She would have chosen Columbia if they would have covered more of her tuition. 3. She is going to Columbia even though NYU would be cheaper.
answer:
3
question:
Statement: Well, if she can't get a divorce she doesn't have any kind of legal paperwork that would require him to support her [and their children]. Choices: 1. If a divorce is not granted, she will not have any helpful paperwork. 2. She will receive support for the children under any circumstances. 3. After getting a divorce, she can use the documents she receives to demand support.
answer:
| 2
| NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
Teacher:You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context Word: ingredients.
Question: PersonX bought all of the ingredients and gave them to PersonY, since _ was the sous chef.
Answer: PersonX
Student: | PersonX bought all of the ingredients and gave them to PersonY, since _ was the head chef. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
One example is below.
Q: Statement: Next to the MGM Grand you will find M and M World, four stories of merchandise and memorabilia dedicated to the candy that doesn't melt in your hand. Choices: 1. The candy has many fans who love its attractions. 2. There's four stories of memorabilia dedicated to a candy. 3. That particular candy melts and becomes difficult to eat.
A: 3
Rationale: It is said in the statement that the candy doesn't melt in your hand, but the sentence in choice 3 disagrees with it.
Q: Statement: Well, if she can't get a divorce she doesn't have any kind of legal paperwork that would require him to support her [and their children]. Choices: 1. If a divorce is not granted, she will not have any helpful paperwork. 2. She will receive support for the children under any circumstances. 3. After getting a divorce, she can use the documents she receives to demand support.
A: | 2 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Administrative_Science_Quarterly | publisher | Cornell_University
Cornell_University | affiliation | Association_of_American_Universities | Administrative Science Quarterly was published by Cornell University which is affiliated with the Association of American Universities. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Example Input: Sam Punch: Maybe Asher'll settle for half ?
Mickey Biggs: Oh sure , instead of breaking both my legs , he 'll just break _ one _ .
Example Output: REFERENCE legs
Example Input: Capt. A.J. 'Bugs' Moran: Six - one - two , this is _ six _ . Let them know who we are on the way out
Pilot: Six , this is six - one . I got some rockets left .
Capt. A.J. 'Bugs' Moran: We do n't get paid for bringing them home . Leave me some widows behind .
Example Output: OTHER
Example Input: Frieza: Well , as you can imagine , I had quite a difficult time convincing the poor fellow to see me as worthy . I was told flat - out I 'd never obtain a single Dragon Ball . And since I 've never been _ one _ to take bad news well , I 'm afraid I killed him .
Example Output: | PEOPLE
| NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | fs_opt |
Two analogies that signify affordances are given in the form "A : B. C : ?". Affordance is the possibility of an action being done on an object, for example book is an affordance of writing. The phrase "A : B" implies that B is an affordance of A. Your task is to replace the question mark (?) with the appropriate affordance of the given action C, following the "A : B" relation. Your answer should be a single object without further explanation.
swat : fly. pursue : ? | quarry | NIv2 | task1153_bard_analogical_reasoning_affordance | zs_opt |
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Example input: Jess Mastriani: No, I don't want another crooler, thank you very much.
FBI Agent Nicole Scott: But it's good for you. It's got... honeyglaze. Please die for this crooler, Jess.
Jess Mastriani: I've had _ two _ already. Who eats three croolers in a night?
FBI Agent Nicole Scott: Take a look. [Nicole takes a huge bite] Mmmmm, Mmmmm, Mmmmm!
Example output: REFERENCE crooler
Example explanation: In this example, the number two refers to something that appears in this text. In this example, it refers to the word: crooler.
Q: Frieza: Well , as you can imagine , I had quite a difficult time convincing the poor fellow to see me as worthy . I was told flat - out I 'd never obtain a single Dragon Ball . And since I 've never been _ one _ to take bad news well , I 'm afraid I killed him .
A: | PEOPLE | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | fs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Input: Statement: Their bones would provide just enough bio-matter to extract a halfway decent clone. Choices: 1. You could make a decent clone from the dirty clothes in the basket. 2. From the bio-matter of the chicken bones you could make a relatively decent clone. 3. There'd be just enough bio-matter from their bones to make a somewhat decent clone.
Output: | 1 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
Q: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
A study from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard, and Dartmouth concluded that Medicaids value to its beneficiaries is significantly lower than the actual cost of the program.
A: | health-care | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context Word: therapist.
Question: PersonX is uncomfortable with the idea of PersonY being her therapist, so _ cancels the appointment.
Answer: PersonX
Student: | PersonX is uncomfortable with the idea of PersonY being her therapist, but _ convinces her to keep the appointment. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Sen.Mark Begich cast the deciding vote in favor of President Obamas authority to issue executive amnesty to illegal aliens. | immigration | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Cornelia Van Gorder: See here Lizzie , I may as well tell you to stop all this foolish screaming , I 'm having a detective sent down tonight from police headquarters in the city .
Lizzie Arlen: A detective ?
Cornelia Van Gorder: Yes , the one in the papers , Mr. Anderson .
Lizzie Arlen: Miss Neelie , you 're keeping something from me , you know more than I do .
Cornelia Van Gorder: I devoutly hope so . I 'm not sure I 'll need him , but detective work fascinates me , it 'll be interesting to see how a good _ one _ goes about it .
Student: | REFERENCE detective | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Q: Context: Thank you to @Marvel for sending gifts for our patients. They were thrilled to receive them! Seattle Children's (@seattlechildren) March 8, 2015 Question: how old was the child when his dad was deported? Answer: 3 years old
A: no
****
Q: Context: Thankful to be alive, full of admiration for the way Kenyan citizens responded, but concerned re ongoing terrorist threat. #Westgate6Months— Sarah Holmes (@holmespest) March 20, 2014 Question: what team is lbj leaning towards? Answer: heat
A: no
****
Q: Context: Congrats to all winners, including @beck. Much respect. That selfie was taken before Album of the Year was announced.— John Legend (@johnlegend) February 10, 2015 Question: what about solange knowles' appearance did the evening star change? Answer: her hairstyle
A: | no
****
| NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
[EX Q]: Sentence1: a magnet moving in a coil of copper wire can cause an electric current.
Sentence2: An electric current forms when a magnet is run through an induction coil.
[EX A]: current
[EX Q]: Sentence1: Diurnal cycles Diurnal cycles are the daily cycles of light and darkness.
Sentence2: Plants detect and respond to diurnal cycles.
[EX A]: Diurnal
[EX Q]: Sentence1: Proteins are assembled on floating ribosomes.
Sentence2: Proteins are assembled on small floating organelles.
[EX A]: | Proteins
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Ex Input:
Atlanta | areaOfLand | 344.9 (square kilometres)
Ex Output:
Atlanta covers 344.9 square kilometres.
Ex Input:
Bakso | region | Indonesia
Bakso | country | Indonesia
Bakso | ingredient | Vermicelli
Ex Output:
Vermicelli is an ingredient of the dish Bakso which is a food that comes from and is found in Indonesia.
Ex Input:
Beef_kway_teow | country | Singapore
Ex Output:
| Beef kway teow is a dish from the country of Singapore.
| NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
See one example below:
Problem: Context: Our prayers are with the students, educators & families at Independence High School & all the first responders on the scene. #PatriotPride— Doug Ducey (@dougducey) February 12, 2016 Question: at which school were first responders on the scene for? Answer: independence high school
Solution: yes
Explanation: Here, the generated label is 'yes' because the given context is useful in answering the question.
Problem: Context: Congrats to all winners, including @beck. Much respect. That selfie was taken before Album of the Year was announced.— John Legend (@johnlegend) February 10, 2015 Question: what about solange knowles' appearance did the evening star change? Answer: her hairstyle
Solution: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
One example: Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Solution is here: pollution.
Explanation: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
Now, solve this: Sentence1: Proteins are assembled on floating ribosomes.
Sentence2: Proteins are assembled on small floating organelles.
Solution: | Proteins | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Example: Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol | runwayName | "09/27 'Buitenveldertbaan'"
Output: Amsterdam Airport Schipol runway name is 09/27 Buitenvelderbaan.
The simplest form of input is a single triple. Here the text describes the relationship in natural language.
New input case for you: Beef_kway_teow | country | Singapore
Output: | Beef kway teow is a dish from the country of Singapore. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
Definition: "Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Input: Prompt: Look, I got Hitler's heart.
Response 1: Good job, Ranch. You've passed the challenge. Now only 22 more challenges to go.
Response 2: These are the last two seats on the train. There's no room in any other car. So the four of you will have to decide who sits in the train car.
Output: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Q: Sentence1: Cell division is by mitosis .
Sentence2: mitosis is required by division.
A: | mitosis | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Input: Context: Friant dam, the nerve center of the #endangeredriver. You get misted standing here. John D. Sutter (@jdsutter) June 13, 2014 Question: what would happen if you were to stand there? Answer: you would get misted
Output: | yes | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Statement: The rule imposes information collection requirements in the registration process, in the preparation and submission of the risk management plans, and in the maintenance of on-site documentation. Choices: 1. The rules cover registration, preparation of risk management plans and maintenance of documentation of the last year on site. 2. The rules cover registration, preparation of risk management plans and maintenance of documentation on site. 3. The rules cover registration, preparation of risk management plans and maintenance of documentation that takes place off site. | 3 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Q: Prompt: I'm running a business here. He never paid for the first time.
Response 1: Yes, I want you to celebrate your anniversary in style.
Response 2: Yeah, because you made me so small. I shrunk out of my own clothes and there was no way I could open a wallet.
A: | Response 2 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be shown an incorrect English sentence. You need to generate a corrected form of the input sentence.
Successful People are explain any oher mater and discuss any other problem .
| Successful people will explain any other matter and discuss any problem . | NIv2 | task1557_jfleg_answer_generation | zs_opt |
Teacher:In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Context: Had a dream that Beyoncé won the @usopen. I think we'd all be happy with that, right?— Eugenie Bouchard (@geniebouchard) August 20, 2014 Question: what is hillaryclinton upset over? Answer: the religious freedom act.
Student: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Instructions: "Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Input: Prompt: When did this happen?
Response 1: It was about three hours ago.
Response 2: Yes, that's right. A lot of people have fun with that, but they have no idea what they look like unless someone takes a photo.
Output: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Z'nith: We 've had better landings , my friend . Matter of fact , I think all of them were better than this _ one _ .
Output: | REFERENCE landings | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
[Q]: Sentence1: harming an animal species has a negative impact on the population size of that species.
Sentence2: the rarity of a species increases harm to population exponentially.
[A]: harming
[Q]: Sentence1: After about a week the larvae leave the nodules and continue to develop into adult worms.
Sentence2: larvae leave the nodules and continue to transform until having reproductive organs.
[A]: larvae
[Q]: Sentence1: a flower 's purpose is to produce seeds.
Sentence2: A flower's purpose is to make new plants.
[A]: | 's
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Example: Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Example solution: pollution.
Example explanation: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
Problem: Sentence1: a flower 's purpose is to produce seeds.
Sentence2: A flower's purpose is to make new plants.
| Solution: 's | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Definition: Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Input: Sentence1: Fish are animals that live in water and breathe using gills.
Sentence2: Fish use their gills to breathe water.
Output: | Fish | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Problem:Context Word: restaurant.
Question: After they found a restaurant PersonX ordered 2 burgers with fries while PersonY ordered a large coke, because _ was just hungry.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | After they found a restaurant PersonX ordered 2 burgers with fries while PersonY ordered a large coke, because _ was just thirtsty. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
[EX Q]: Statement: You shouldn't be; I told you we've entered the House of Sagittarius now. Choices: 1. Like I said before, we're in the House of Sagittarius. 2. I told you several times that we were going into the House of Sagittarius. 3. We're not in the House of Sagittarius yet.
[EX A]: 3
[EX Q]: Statement: Yes, the American people have a right to be skeptical. Choices: 1. They wanted the Americans to think for themselves. 2. The Americans are able to be skeptical. 3. They were not allowed to be skeptical.
[EX A]: 3
[EX Q]: Statement: When this type of installation is performed, the SCR reactor is installed atop a steel structure that must be erected above existing equipment, such as the electrostatic precipitator. Choices: 1. The SCR reactor is always installed in the basement. 2. It is hard to install an SCR reactor. 3. The SCR reactor must be placed above existing equipment.
[EX A]: | 1
| NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Q: Statement: When is a person too unhappy? Choices: 1. When is someone too happy? 2. Is being too unhappy relative? 3. What qualifies as too unhappy for a person?
A: | 1 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
instruction:
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
question:
Statement: Setting improvement goals is an important step in getting organizations across the government to engage seriously in the difficult task of change. Choices: 1. Improvement goals are easy to reach if everyone participated. 2. Setting improvement goals have zero impact on making government organizations to change. 3. Setting improvement goals is important to get organizations to engage in the idea of change.
answer:
2
question:
Statement: Red became argumentative. Choices: 1. Red started arguing when everyone disagreed with him. 2. Red got upset. 3. Red calmly accepted the situation.
answer:
3
question:
Statement: you can uh you can get and i know when my children were younger um we found a lot of really nice tapes that they that they liked um there was an Agape music group and um i some of the songs i still find going over in my head over and over again because they were really um very memorable even though my children are now my youngest is almost sixteen but i still find some of the same tapes i uh some of the same songs from those tapes i enjoy Choices: 1. They never listened to any tapes as youth. 2. They enjoyed listening to many of them. 3. They had many tapes when they were younger.
answer:
| 1
| NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
One example: Statement: Next to the MGM Grand you will find M and M World, four stories of merchandise and memorabilia dedicated to the candy that doesn't melt in your hand. Choices: 1. The candy has many fans who love its attractions. 2. There's four stories of memorabilia dedicated to a candy. 3. That particular candy melts and becomes difficult to eat.
Solution is here: 3
Explanation: It is said in the statement that the candy doesn't melt in your hand, but the sentence in choice 3 disagrees with it.
Now, solve this: Statement: When this type of installation is performed, the SCR reactor is installed atop a steel structure that must be erected above existing equipment, such as the electrostatic precipitator. Choices: 1. The SCR reactor is always installed in the basement. 2. It is hard to install an SCR reactor. 3. The SCR reactor must be placed above existing equipment.
Solution: | 1 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
One example is below.
Q: Statement: Next to the MGM Grand you will find M and M World, four stories of merchandise and memorabilia dedicated to the candy that doesn't melt in your hand. Choices: 1. The candy has many fans who love its attractions. 2. There's four stories of memorabilia dedicated to a candy. 3. That particular candy melts and becomes difficult to eat.
A: 3
Rationale: It is said in the statement that the candy doesn't melt in your hand, but the sentence in choice 3 disagrees with it.
Q: Statement: you can uh you can get and i know when my children were younger um we found a lot of really nice tapes that they that they liked um there was an Agape music group and um i some of the songs i still find going over in my head over and over again because they were really um very memorable even though my children are now my youngest is almost sixteen but i still find some of the same tapes i uh some of the same songs from those tapes i enjoy Choices: 1. They never listened to any tapes as youth. 2. They enjoyed listening to many of them. 3. They had many tapes when they were younger.
A: | 1 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Problem:Context Word: YouTube.
Question: YouTube contained many videos that PersonX loved to watch but PersonY did not enjoy them, because _ loved using computers.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | YouTube contained many videos that PersonX loved to watch but PersonY did not enjoy them, because _ hated using computers. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Instructions: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify given passage into two categories: (1) "yes" if the given context is useful in answering the question, and (2) "no" if the given context is not useful.
Input: Context: Jimmy & @KevinHart4real visit a haunted house! #FallonTonight u Fallon Tonight (@FallonTonight) October 14, 2016 Question: who is being interviewed? Answer: senator cruz
Output: | no | NIv2 | task242_tweetqa_classification | zs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Problem:Andrews_County_Airport | location | Texas
Texas | largestCity | Houston
Texas | capital | Austin,_Texas
Texas | language | English_language
Texas | demonym | Tejano
Solution: | Andrews County Airport is located in Texas where Austin is the capital. Houston is largest city in Texas where the inhabitants have the demonym of Tejano. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Ex Input:
Prompt: I'm the real Randy. I've never given myself a name ever since it was taken from me and given to you.
Response 1: Did you do all those dumb rituals, like, she became chief because she passed all the trials like she squished the jellyfish, and she touched the geo duck without making it gag?
Response 2: I feel terrible. That must have affected your life in such terrible ways! No name? I can't even imagine.
Ex Output:
Response 2
Ex Input:
Prompt: Turtle, I like your gold chain.
Response 1: Me too. I've been around longer than most of you and I got wisdom.
Response 2: Thank you very much. Ah ha, hush that fuss, everybody move to the back of the bus.
Ex Output:
Response 2
Ex Input:
Prompt: I don't want anything because I have friendship and also I'm planning on bashing in your brains and eating your brains and getting my personality back.
Response 1: You know what? That's what I want to. You deserve your personality back.
Response 2: How much, oh I see right here it says five million dollars, I gotta say that's quite excessive.
Ex Output:
| Response 1
| NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
ACM_Transactions_on_Information_Systems | ISSN_number | "1046-8188" | The ISSN number of ACM Transactions on Information Systems is 1046-8188. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | zs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Example: Prompt: See, Arlene? That's why I don't talk to you like that because I'm afraid I'll scare our son.
Response 1: I have 12. Wait, is the key to a success story getting the number to go down?
Response 2: Oh, Dad. Even that wasn't great.
Output: Response 2
Response 2 is correct answer because it agrees with the prompt and continues the conversation in the same context.
New input case for you: Prompt: I don't want anything because I have friendship and also I'm planning on bashing in your brains and eating your brains and getting my personality back.
Response 1: You know what? That's what I want to. You deserve your personality back.
Response 2: How much, oh I see right here it says five million dollars, I gotta say that's quite excessive.
Output: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Problem:Kate Beckett: Hey , Lanie . What do we got ?
Lanie Parish: Sorry , sweetie , it 's a bad one . Multiple contusions to the head , evidence of fracturing at the base of the skull . From the pattering , I 'd say she was repeatedly struck by that bat .
Javier Esposito: Do we know who she is ?
Lanie Parish: The guard who found her IDed her as Clara DeWinter . _ 35 _ , lives in Queens , and married .
Kate Beckett: What was she doing in this alleyway in the middle of the night ?
Lanie Parish: She was an IRS agent . Worked in this building here .
Kevin Ryan: Apparently she was working late . The employees sometimes cut across the alley to get to the parking garage next door .
Kate Beckett: Do we have a witness ?
Kevin Ryan: No , but we may have something way better .
Solution: | AGE | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
Definition: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Input: Context Word: shoes.
Question: PersonX threw PersonY's shoes out since the shoes smelled bad and _ was very aware of the smell.
Answer: PersonX
Output: | PersonX threw PersonY's shoes out since the shoes smelled bad and _ was very unaware of the smell. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Alan Matthews: Hey , Shawn , Cory . Um . Guess how many different kinds of rice we have .
Cory Matthews: Oh , no .
Alan Matthews: Come on , Shawn . Guess .
Shawn Hunter: _ Ten _ ?
Alan Matthews: Ten . Puh ! Twenty - one . And that 's not even counting the short grains . Throw them in , fogedda ' bout it !
Shawn Hunter: Cory ?
Cory Matthews: Yeah ?
Shawn Hunter: I 'm glad I 'm not you . | OTHER | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
Two analogies that signify affordances are given in the form "A : B. C : ?". Affordance is the possibility of an action being done on an object, for example book is an affordance of writing. The phrase "A : B" implies that B is an affordance of A. Your task is to replace the question mark (?) with the appropriate affordance of the given action C, following the "A : B" relation. Your answer should be a single object without further explanation.
Q: play : movie. paint : ?
A: | picture | NIv2 | task1153_bard_analogical_reasoning_affordance | zs_opt |
instruction:
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
question:
Ardmore_Airport_(New_Zealand) | 3rd_runway_SurfaceType | Poaceae
Poaceae | division | Flowering_plant
answer:
The third runway at Ardmore Airport (New Zealand) is made of Poaceae, which belongs to the division of flowering plants.
question:
Hong_Kong | leaderName | Carrie_Lam_(politician)
Baked_Alaska | region | Hong_Kong
answer:
Baked Alaska comes from Hong Kong where Carrie Lam is a political leader.
question:
Elliot_See | almaMater | University_of_Texas_at_Austin
answer:
| Elliot See was a student at University of Texas at Austin.
| NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Input: Consider Input: Ninety percent of Texans say they do not want the nursing homes to close. It polls higher than anything else.
Output: health-care
Input: Consider Input: We do not want to raise anybodys tax rates. Thats never been on the table.
Output: taxes
Input: Consider Input: Barack Obama wants to "unilaterally disarm our nation."
| Output: military
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
"Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Q: Prompt: Well, the truth is. No one really wants to hear from an overweight, fat Aid Man.
Response 1: I think they might of made a mistake and we certainly made a mistake buying 7,000 copies of the book.
Response 2: Oh my god, Ralph's been transformed into a cat.
A: Response 1
****
Q: Prompt: As the weigh-in coordinator, I just wanted to say that I'm sorry because I feel like I let your daughter into the fighting ring with a man who was twice her size and known murderer.
Response 1: Yeah, and his name had the word "monster" in it, too.
Response 2: The little tapeworm is working so hard. He hasn't been inside a human in a while to get nutrients.
A: Response 1
****
Q: Prompt: Well, in the old days, the cemetery was a place where people would hang out and have picnics.
Response 1: Yeah, I can't bend my arms or legs without immense pain.
Response 2: Nothing like throwing out the old blanket over someone's grave, sitting down and dropping a bunch of meat from a sandwich all over the top of it.
A: | Response 2
****
| NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Statement: HHS recognizes in its analysis the difficulty of quantifying the costs and the benefits of the rule. Choices: 1. HHS says quantifying costs is difficult because they are constantly changing. 2. HHS says quantifying costs is the easiest part of the report. 3. HHS says quantifying costs is difficult. | 2 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
Teacher:Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: By Vincent DowdArts correspondent, BBC News He was a hugely celebrated painter but before they met in 1935 she was already known in France for her photographic work. The Tate Modern exhibition sheds light on Maar's life and on her sometimes neglected work. In 1935 Maar (born Henriette Théodora Markovitch) was unit stills photographer on a film being shot at the Billancourt Studios on the outskirts of Paris. She was introduced to Picasso, 26 years her senior and already a world-famous artist. Maar became his lover and - some have thought - the most influential of his muses. For the next eight years they were part of one another's lives - although Picasso continued his existing relationship with Marie-Thérèse Walter. Those few basic facts are often all that even art-lovers know about Maar, who died in 1997. Over the years there were many women in Picasso's life and she was undoubtedly one of those who mattered most to him. But Maar's reputation has been growing. A version of the Tate Modern show has already been seen at the Pompidou Centre in Paris and next year the exhibition will travel to Los Angeles. As a photographer and a painter in her own right does she deserve now to step out of his shadow? Or could what she achieved now be overstated, to compensate for decades of neglect? Professor Mary Ann Caws wrote a book about Maar 20 years ago, before her reputation had revived, and considers Maar to have been a "remarkable talent". "Much of her early work in France was fashion photography but it's unlike anyone else's fashion photography.... the best of her pictures are very dramatic. "The juxtapositions are often peculiar and so is the way she used light and dark. As soon as you know even a sample of what Dora Maar did you will always recognise her work - the pictures will speak to you. The proportions of her photographs can be peculiar but the work's always telling and has an impact. "Some of her photos can be shadowy and have a feeling of doom yet others can be remarkably funny. But the fashion images were only one part of Dora Maar. She went to Barcelona and took pictures of starving people in desperate circumstances. A lot of that work has been ignored because people see her in the context of knowing Picasso later." Emma Lewis is co-curator of the Tate Modern show, which contains more than 250 photographic images. She says she's come to admire the "dark glamour" of Maar's work but adds "there's a playful element too - real subversive wit". Maar also photographed some of the 30,000 inhabitants of "la zone" - the circular strip of undeveloped land which became a wretched linear shantytown around Paris. The Tate Modern exhibition has striking examples of all these elements of her early career. Lewis says the 1930s were the heyday of illustrated weekly and monthly magazines. "It provided Dora with a means of making a living and we show how talented she was in what she did. "It allowed her to play with avant garde and experimental imagery. She was involved with Surrealism - but I think it was very hard for a woman to be part of that group of artists. "Dora Maar's commercial work appeared in big French magazines of the day such as Rester Jeune. It also circulated in various arts journals and erotic reviews. "By and large the documentary photography was seen in exhibitions and not in print. But her politics were left-wing and in the Depression her documentary work on the plight of the poor was important to her - she had links to the radical Association of Revolutionary Writers and Artists." The exhibition could hardly ignore the Picasso connection. But it puts that part of Maar's life in context. As a photographer she recorded him working on probably his best known painting - Guernica (1937). Visitors to the Tate can see some of the Picasso works influenced by Maar in their years together, including the well-known Weeping Woman (also of 1937) which the Tate already owns. Some describe this as a portrait of Maar but she always insisted she had never modelled for Picasso for any picture. But she acknowledged he used elements of her appearance. Professor Caws says Maar was the most intellectual of Picasso muses. "She spoke Spanish which meant they could have real conversations about the convulsive events of the 1930s. She was beautiful but I think Picasso was attracted by the dramatic spark she had." The passionate relationship faded from around 1942 and Maar headed south to live in Menérbes in Provence. So had Maar accepted that no woman would ever possess Picasso? "I don't think she was a woman meekly to accept anything," says Professor Caws. "When it all ended she was screaming and passionate and furious. But when she settled in the south she developed her own skills as a painter, something which used to be ignored when people wrote about her. Those paintings can be pretty remarkable but the best of the photography is incredible. "So we don't need to try to cut Pablo Picasso out of her life. She still has things to say to us with him or without him." Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email [email protected].
Student: | Dora Maar: Picasso's lover comes out from his shadow | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | zs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Ex Input:
Bakso | region | Indonesia
Bakso | ingredient | Noodle
Bakso | country | Chinese_cuisine
Ex Output:
Bakso is made in China, contains noodles and is also found in a region in Indonesia.
Ex Input:
1_Decembrie_1918_University | latinName | "Universitas Apulensis"
1_Decembrie_1918_University | country | Romania
Ex Output:
The 1 Decembrie 1918 University of Romania has the latin name Universitas Apulensis.
Ex Input:
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | city | Bangalore
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | motto | "Nurturing Excellence"
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | country | "India"
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | state | Karnataka
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | campus | "In Soldevanahalli, Acharya Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Hessarghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560090."
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | affiliation | Visvesvaraya_Technological_University
Ex Output:
| The Acharya Institute of Technology is in Bangalore India in the state of Karnataka. It is affiliated with Visvesvaraya Technological University and its motto is Nurturing Excellence. Its full address is n Soldevanahalli, Acharya Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Hessarghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560090.
| NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Input: Consider Input: The money, from conservation funding body Wren, will be used to help Fairy Glen Local Nature Reserve's leat flow once again. Bat boxes and a new notice board will also be installed and work to control non-native species will be carried out. The leat, next to the River Colwyn, originally fed a waterfall feature and a nearby mill pond in the 1900s. Work will start in March and is expected to take four to six weeks.
Output: Cash to restore Colwyn Bay's Fairy Glen Nature Reserve waterway
Input: Consider Input: Remotely-piloted aircraft will be searching a large area of the Channel, from Eastbourne to Margate. The flights are for "the purpose of national security and protection of human life", the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) said. The Home Office said it was working to identify the "most effective" ways to "tackle small boat crossings". More than 1,700 people have crossed the Channel since the government declared a "major incident" on 28 December 2018. The airspace restrictions came into force on 2 December and last until 31 March next year. The CAA said aircraft can only enter the "temporary danger areas", which can be put in place with less than 24 hours' notice, after being cleared by air traffic control. They are limited to 1,200ft above sea level and will not affect commercial passenger planes, the CAA said. The Home Office declined to say who would be operating and providing the drones, which will fly from Lydd Airport. It said the government was working with "partner agencies" to "make use of available assets". In June, former immigration minister Caroline Nokes told Parliament the UK had "recently delivered drones and other surveillance equipment to France, enabling their law enforcement officers to intercept and disrupt attempted crossings".
Output: Drones monitor south coast of England for migrant boats
Input: Consider Input: The economy grew by 5.3% from a year earlier. That was down from a rate of 5.5% in the previous three months. India has taken various steps, including opening its retail and aviation sectors to foreign investment, in an attempt to boost its growth rate. However, analysts said more measures were needed to spur the economy. The latest growth figure matched that seen in the first quarter of the year, which had been the lowest rate for three years. Brinda Jagirdar, chief economist at State Bank of India, said that India's central bank needed to cut interest rates to help revive growth. The central bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), has so far resisted the calls to lower borrowing costs, saying its focus is to keep inflation under control. However, Ms Jagirdar said that "there is a wide-scale slowdown in growth and focus now should shift from inflation to growth". "Growth has become critical as consumption is stalling on top of continued investment slowdown," she added. Bottoming out? Several factors have contributed to India's economic growth slowing over the past few months. Weaker global demand for exports, a dip in foreign investment and a political stalemate over key reforms have been cited as key reasons behind the drop in the growth rate. Prompted by fears that growth may slow further, the government has announced reforms to attract foreign investment in key sectors over the past few weeks. At the same time, the RBI has - twice in two months - lowered the amount of money that banks need to keep in reserve to try to boost lending. The moves are expected to inject 275bn rupees ($5bn; £3.1bn) into the markets. Analysts said these measures, coupled with signs of improvement in major economies such as the US, were likely to have a positive impact on growth in the coming months. "The global environment is improving, some policy action is happening in India that will boost overall business sentiment and improve the investment climate," said Sujan Hajra, chief economist at Anand Rathi Securities in Mumbai. "Agricultural outlook is [also] likely to be better than previously expected, which will aid growth. "The second half of the fiscal year will be slightly better than the first half, and we expect growth to be around 6% during the period," he added.
| Output: India's economic growth rate slows to 5.3%
| NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
PROBLEM: When the NECAP proficiency test is re-given to the kids the second and third time, harder questions are taken out.
SOLUTION: education
PROBLEM: U.S. Rep. John Barrows plan puts the IRS in charge of your health care.
SOLUTION: health-care
PROBLEM: A Texas law will repatriate $1 billion of gold bullion from the Federal Reserve in New York to Texas.
SOLUTION: | state-budget
| NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
One example is below.
Q: Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol | runwayName | "09/27 'Buitenveldertbaan'"
A: Amsterdam Airport Schipol runway name is 09/27 Buitenvelderbaan.
Rationale: The simplest form of input is a single triple. Here the text describes the relationship in natural language.
Q: Elliot_See | almaMater | University_of_Texas_at_Austin
A: | Elliot See was a student at University of Texas at Austin. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Q: Statement: In addition, there are an extensive collection of D??gas sculptures as well as works by Rodin. Choices: 1. There are no pieces by Rodin there. 2. There is a large collection of works by Rodin. 3. Rodin was an architect.
A: 1
****
Q: Statement: yeah yeah i was the same way too i'm not a people person i i i hate um having to play such a nice guy you know especially when it's all phony especially when you got some uh jerk coming in Choices: 1. I am disgusted by other people. 2. I don't like pretending in front of other people. 3. Pretending to be nice in front of jerks is my favorite thing to do.
A: 3
****
Q: Statement: Several organizations had developed quarterly reporting mechanisms to summarize the status of security-related efforts. Choices: 1. The quarterly reports give just enough time to see real progress concerning security. 2. To summarize the status of security-related efforts, several organizations had developed quarterly reporting mechanisms. 3. Several organizations had developed yearly mechanisms to summarize the status of revenue-related efforts.
A: | 3
****
| NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
[Q]: Context Word: foot massage.
Question: At her new foot massage parlor PersonX hired PersonY to be a worker, _ thought she was perfect for the job.
Answer: PersonX
[A]: At her new foot massage parlor PersonX hired PersonY to be a worker, _ thought she terrible at the job.
[Q]: Context Word: trees.
Question: PersonX loves trees so much more than PersonY because _ has always lived in the forest.
Answer: PersonX
[A]: PersonX loves trees so much less than PersonY because _ has always lived in the forest.
[Q]: Context Word: exercise.
Question: PersonX invited PersonY to exercise with them at the gym. _ has been going almost daily.
Answer: PersonX
[A]: | PersonX invited PersonY to exercise with them at the gym, but _ has already been going daily.
| NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
Teacher: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
Solution: abortion
Reason: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
Now, solve this instance: Barack Obama wants to "unilaterally disarm our nation."
Student: | military | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: "Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
See one example below:
Problem: Prompt: See, Arlene? That's why I don't talk to you like that because I'm afraid I'll scare our son.
Response 1: I have 12. Wait, is the key to a success story getting the number to go down?
Response 2: Oh, Dad. Even that wasn't great.
Solution: Response 2
Explanation: Response 2 is correct answer because it agrees with the prompt and continues the conversation in the same context.
Problem: Prompt: Well, in the old days, the cemetery was a place where people would hang out and have picnics.
Response 1: Yeah, I can't bend my arms or legs without immense pain.
Response 2: Nothing like throwing out the old blanket over someone's grave, sitting down and dropping a bunch of meat from a sandwich all over the top of it.
Solution: | Response 2 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | fs_opt |
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Input: Consider Input: By Vincent KearneyBBC News NI Home Affairs Correspondent Sir Keir Starmer is a former head of the Crown Prosecution Service for England and Wales. Maíria Cahill spent an hour on Friday outlining her concerns about the way her allegations were handled. She claims an IRA member raped her when she was a teenager. She claims that other senior IRA members later investigated and covered up her alleged abuse. She has accused the police and Public Prosecution Service of failing to properly investigate her allegations. Three separate trials later collapsed after she and other witnesses withdrew their evidence. A man accused of rape and IRA membership, and four others facing IRA charges, were all acquitted. Ms Cahill claims that one reason that happened is because it took more than four years for the cases to go to court. Speaking on Friday, Ms Cahill said: "I welcome the fact that he (Sir Keir Starmer) has been brought in very, very quickly which, I believe, is a vindication of the fact of my frustration at how the court process evolved. "There was a hierarchy when it came to alleged abusers and that hierarchy came in when those abusers also had the mantle of the IRA which they could then use to doubly instil fear in the victim." This review is examining whether the Public Prosecution Service was at fault. Sir Keir said: "It was very important for me to meet the complainants very early in the process so that I could assure them as to how I was going to conduct the review, engage with them and do my best to ensure they had confidence in the process. "So I'm very grateful to them for taking the time today to meet me, to share their concerns with me and to have done so at this early stage." Sir Keir rejected any suggestion that his review would be simply a box ticking exercise. Justice Minister David Ford and Irish Justice Minister Frances Fitzgerald said on Friday that they have not ruled out the possibility of a cross-border inquiry into allegations of sexual abuse by members of the IRA.
Output: Maíria Cahill allegations: Sir Keir Starmer opens prosecution cases review
Input: Consider Input: The Friarage Hospital in Northallerton is run by South Tees Hospitals NHS Trust. Simon Pleydell, the trust's, chief executive said the hospital was "undoubtedly" looking at some change but no "firm plans" had been developed. John Blackie, leader of Richmondshire District Council, said he was "appalled" at the proposals. The National Clinical Advisory Team, a pool of clinical experts, has been called in to report on the suitability of any changes. Some services at the Friarage may be provided via a day unit and patients requiring longer treatment could go to other hospitals. Some patients may have to travel to the James Cook Hospital in Middlesbrough for treatment. 'Manufactured' argument The Friarage is a 230-bed hospital serving 122,000 people from the North Yorkshire moors to the central Pennines. Mr Pleydell said the hospital was one of the country's smallest district general hospitals and over the next two years it could be struggling to recruit key members of staff. He said the range of trust services had to be conditional "on our ability to deliver safe, sustainable, quality services now and in the future". He said there would be public consultation on any suggested changes. Mr Blackie said the district council had voted unanimously against plans to transfer any facilities. He accused management at the hospital of "manufacturing" the argument over staffing. The report on any changes is due before Christmas and consultation is expected to start next year.
Output: Paediatric services under review at Friarage Hospital
Input: Consider Input: A consultation over the future of the Ineos acrylonitrile manufacturing plant at Seal Sands had been launched in October. Alex Cunningham, the MP for Stockton North, told the BBC he had received an email from Ineos confirming the operation was to close early next year. The firm, which belongs to Britain's richest man Jim Ratcliffe, has been approached for comment. Mr Cunningham said: "The company has made it clear it's a very old plant, it's outdated and needs huge investment in order to bring it up to modern standards. "They're talking about hundreds of millions of pounds and say the plant doesn't make that much. "A week before Christmas, it must be devastating for the workers. They've got tremendous skills. "The chief executive is one of the richest people in the world, but he prefers to invest his money in the Middle East rather than Teesside." 'Decades of underinvestment' In the email sent to Mr Cunningham, Ineos said it had "reluctantly concluded that the plant should close", citing safety concerns for its employees handling "significant quantities of hazardous material". The firm said it had invested almost €200m (£178m) in the site since it purchased it in 2008, but added it would require another €200m "to try to counter decades of underinvestment". Staff would be supported through the firm's employee assistance scheme, it said, with the possibility some could transfer to other factories. A second plant on the 268-acre site, which produces industrial nylon, will remain open. It is operated by Ineos on behalf of Basf.
| Output: Ineos chemical plant to close with 145 job losses
| NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Example: Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol | runwayName | "09/27 'Buitenveldertbaan'"
Output: Amsterdam Airport Schipol runway name is 09/27 Buitenvelderbaan.
The simplest form of input is a single triple. Here the text describes the relationship in natural language.
New input case for you: Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | city | Bangalore
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | motto | "Nurturing Excellence"
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | country | "India"
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | state | Karnataka
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | campus | "In Soldevanahalli, Acharya Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Hessarghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560090."
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | affiliation | Visvesvaraya_Technological_University
Output: | The Acharya Institute of Technology is in Bangalore India in the state of Karnataka. It is affiliated with Visvesvaraya Technological University and its motto is Nurturing Excellence. Its full address is n Soldevanahalli, Acharya Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Hessarghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560090. | NIv2 | task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text | fs_opt |
Teacher: Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
But Eluned Morgan conceded that it would be "difficult for us to stop" from a legal point of view. Her comments were criticised by a Labour AM. Alun Davies said threatening legal action "sounds like the last breath before you're thrown out of the pub". Mr Davies said he was not convinced the Welsh Government would "have a leg to stand on" in trying to shape international trade deals after Brexit. Following Donald Trump's comments during last week's trade visit that the NHS would be "on the table" in any future trade talks between the UK and the USA, Eluned Morgan said there was "absolutely no prospect whatsoever of us allowing the Welsh NHS to be part of any negotiation." The US President then rowed back on his initial comments following criticism from a number of MPs. Asked about her response to President Trump's remarks as she gave evidence to the Assembly's Brexit committee on Monday, Ms Morgan said "legally, it would be difficult for us to stop because we don't have a veto over trade". "Politically, I think it's extremely unlikely to happen," the international relations and the Welsh language minister said. "They [the UK Government] should not be concluding any trade agreements without consulting us where we have the power." Ms Morgan explained that UK and Welsh government officials are working on an agreement or 'concordat' for how future trade deals are negotiated. During a robust exchange, the Labour AM Alun Davies said: "I want something which is in law to which I can hold you to account and which colleagues in Westminster can hold the UK Government to account. "The argument we'll make life difficult for them, it sounds alright on the street, but it's not the reality of intergovernmental relations." "The United Kingdom has to find a way of functioning. "At the moment, your answers aren't giving me any confidence that there is that structure in place because, if the Welsh Government's argument is, 'we'll see you in court', it's not a very impressive argument either for the continuation of the structure of United Kingdom as a state or the commitment of the government within the United Kingdom to actually work together," he added. Responding to the criticism, Ms Morgan said: "Is the current intergovernmental structure adequate? "Absolutely not... and it's not just in relation to trade, it's in relation to almost every aspect of government policy. So, that infrastructure needs to be built."
Solution: NHS Wales: Court action if trade deals affect service?
Reason: The output phrase is the appropriate title for the given text and it highlights the essence of the passage.
Now, solve this instance: The economy grew by 5.3% from a year earlier. That was down from a rate of 5.5% in the previous three months. India has taken various steps, including opening its retail and aviation sectors to foreign investment, in an attempt to boost its growth rate. However, analysts said more measures were needed to spur the economy. The latest growth figure matched that seen in the first quarter of the year, which had been the lowest rate for three years. Brinda Jagirdar, chief economist at State Bank of India, said that India's central bank needed to cut interest rates to help revive growth. The central bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), has so far resisted the calls to lower borrowing costs, saying its focus is to keep inflation under control. However, Ms Jagirdar said that "there is a wide-scale slowdown in growth and focus now should shift from inflation to growth". "Growth has become critical as consumption is stalling on top of continued investment slowdown," she added. Bottoming out? Several factors have contributed to India's economic growth slowing over the past few months. Weaker global demand for exports, a dip in foreign investment and a political stalemate over key reforms have been cited as key reasons behind the drop in the growth rate. Prompted by fears that growth may slow further, the government has announced reforms to attract foreign investment in key sectors over the past few weeks. At the same time, the RBI has - twice in two months - lowered the amount of money that banks need to keep in reserve to try to boost lending. The moves are expected to inject 275bn rupees ($5bn; £3.1bn) into the markets. Analysts said these measures, coupled with signs of improvement in major economies such as the US, were likely to have a positive impact on growth in the coming months. "The global environment is improving, some policy action is happening in India that will boost overall business sentiment and improve the investment climate," said Sujan Hajra, chief economist at Anand Rathi Securities in Mumbai. "Agricultural outlook is [also] likely to be better than previously expected, which will aid growth. "The second half of the fiscal year will be slightly better than the first half, and we expect growth to be around 6% during the period," he added.
Student: | India's economic growth rate slows to 5.3% | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Let me give you an example: Says the Annies List political group supports third-trimester abortions on demand.
The answer to this example can be: abortion
Here is why: It's a correct subject of the statement because it talks about a political group supporting demans of abortions.
OK. solve this:
A Texas law will repatriate $1 billion of gold bullion from the Federal Reserve in New York to Texas.
Answer: | state-budget | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
See one example below:
Problem: Statement: Next to the MGM Grand you will find M and M World, four stories of merchandise and memorabilia dedicated to the candy that doesn't melt in your hand. Choices: 1. The candy has many fans who love its attractions. 2. There's four stories of memorabilia dedicated to a candy. 3. That particular candy melts and becomes difficult to eat.
Solution: 3
Explanation: It is said in the statement that the candy doesn't melt in your hand, but the sentence in choice 3 disagrees with it.
Problem: Statement: Several organizations had developed quarterly reporting mechanisms to summarize the status of security-related efforts. Choices: 1. The quarterly reports give just enough time to see real progress concerning security. 2. To summarize the status of security-related efforts, several organizations had developed quarterly reporting mechanisms. 3. Several organizations had developed yearly mechanisms to summarize the status of revenue-related efforts.
Solution: | 3 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Example: Context word: upset.
Question: PersonX yelled at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Answer: PersonX.
Example solution: PersonX comforted at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Example explanation: On replacing the trigger word "yelled" with its antonym "comforted", the answer flips to PersonY which is as per the given instruction. So, this is a valid question.
Problem: Context Word: exercise.
Question: PersonX invited PersonY to exercise with them at the gym. _ has been going almost daily.
Answer: PersonX
| Solution: PersonX invited PersonY to exercise with them at the gym, but _ has already been going daily. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
Teacher: Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
But Eluned Morgan conceded that it would be "difficult for us to stop" from a legal point of view. Her comments were criticised by a Labour AM. Alun Davies said threatening legal action "sounds like the last breath before you're thrown out of the pub". Mr Davies said he was not convinced the Welsh Government would "have a leg to stand on" in trying to shape international trade deals after Brexit. Following Donald Trump's comments during last week's trade visit that the NHS would be "on the table" in any future trade talks between the UK and the USA, Eluned Morgan said there was "absolutely no prospect whatsoever of us allowing the Welsh NHS to be part of any negotiation." The US President then rowed back on his initial comments following criticism from a number of MPs. Asked about her response to President Trump's remarks as she gave evidence to the Assembly's Brexit committee on Monday, Ms Morgan said "legally, it would be difficult for us to stop because we don't have a veto over trade". "Politically, I think it's extremely unlikely to happen," the international relations and the Welsh language minister said. "They [the UK Government] should not be concluding any trade agreements without consulting us where we have the power." Ms Morgan explained that UK and Welsh government officials are working on an agreement or 'concordat' for how future trade deals are negotiated. During a robust exchange, the Labour AM Alun Davies said: "I want something which is in law to which I can hold you to account and which colleagues in Westminster can hold the UK Government to account. "The argument we'll make life difficult for them, it sounds alright on the street, but it's not the reality of intergovernmental relations." "The United Kingdom has to find a way of functioning. "At the moment, your answers aren't giving me any confidence that there is that structure in place because, if the Welsh Government's argument is, 'we'll see you in court', it's not a very impressive argument either for the continuation of the structure of United Kingdom as a state or the commitment of the government within the United Kingdom to actually work together," he added. Responding to the criticism, Ms Morgan said: "Is the current intergovernmental structure adequate? "Absolutely not... and it's not just in relation to trade, it's in relation to almost every aspect of government policy. So, that infrastructure needs to be built."
Solution: NHS Wales: Court action if trade deals affect service?
Reason: The output phrase is the appropriate title for the given text and it highlights the essence of the passage.
Now, solve this instance: A consultation over the future of the Ineos acrylonitrile manufacturing plant at Seal Sands had been launched in October. Alex Cunningham, the MP for Stockton North, told the BBC he had received an email from Ineos confirming the operation was to close early next year. The firm, which belongs to Britain's richest man Jim Ratcliffe, has been approached for comment. Mr Cunningham said: "The company has made it clear it's a very old plant, it's outdated and needs huge investment in order to bring it up to modern standards. "They're talking about hundreds of millions of pounds and say the plant doesn't make that much. "A week before Christmas, it must be devastating for the workers. They've got tremendous skills. "The chief executive is one of the richest people in the world, but he prefers to invest his money in the Middle East rather than Teesside." 'Decades of underinvestment' In the email sent to Mr Cunningham, Ineos said it had "reluctantly concluded that the plant should close", citing safety concerns for its employees handling "significant quantities of hazardous material". The firm said it had invested almost €200m (£178m) in the site since it purchased it in 2008, but added it would require another €200m "to try to counter decades of underinvestment". Staff would be supported through the firm's employee assistance scheme, it said, with the possibility some could transfer to other factories. A second plant on the 268-acre site, which produces industrial nylon, will remain open. It is operated by Ineos on behalf of Basf.
Student: | Ineos chemical plant to close with 145 job losses | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
Input: Says Betty Sutton and House Democrats gutted Medicare by $741 billion to pay for Obamacare.
Output: | health-care | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
--------
Question: Iran's nuclear programme is a "far larger issue" for the US than chemical weapons, Mr Obama told the ABC network. Mr Obama said despite the fact that the US had not used force against Syria, a "credible threat of force" could lead to a deal. Mr Obama also confirmed that he had exchanged letters with new Iranian President Hassan Rouhani. Although the fact that the two leaders have communicated at all will be seen as a step forward, Mr Obama said: "I think this new president is not going to suddenly make it easy." Mr Obama was referring to the dispute over Iran's nuclear programme, which Western countries suspect is aimed at acquiring a nuclear weapon. Iran denies this and says the programme's aims are purely peaceful. 'Credible threat' Mr Obama said in the ABC interview that Iran should not take comfort from the fact that the US had not taken military action in Syria. "What they should draw from this lesson is that there is the potential of resolving these issues diplomatically," Mr Obama said. "If you have both a credible threat of force, combined with a rigorous diplomatic effort… you can strike a deal," he went on. Mr Rouhani is seen as trying to build a more conciliatory foreign policy than his predecessor Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Earlier this month Mr Rouhani transferred responsibility for talks on the country's nuclear programme to the foreign ministry. Until now they had been conducted by the Supreme National Security Council, which is appointed by and answerable to the Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei. Correspondents said the move could herald a less hardline stance in future talks.
Answer: Obama says Iran nuclear row 'larger' than Syria crisis
Question: By Kate RimmingtonBBC Wales Here is a look at some of the surprising ways Wales has contributed to medical innovation around the world. Viagra As well as being the birthplace of the NHS, the (ahem) far-reaching potential of what was then known simply as sildenafil was first spotted in Wales - at a clinical research facility in Merthyr Tydfil. In 1993, a clinical trial into a potential heart drug threw up an unexpected result. The male volunteers - thought to be former miners - were asked an open question about any "other effects" they had experienced. Millions around the world were to benefit from their honesty - the drug was developed as a treatment for impotence and Viagra became one of the most prescribed drugs in the world. It has been used to treat other illnesses such as pulmonary hypertension, saving the lives of many babies, and there is now further research into whether it can help combat rare brain cancers. Dr David Brown, one of the co-inventors of Viagra, said he would like to get in contact with the Merthyr volunteers - whom he never met - if they were willing, because of the impact they had across the world. "They made history - they probably were just desperate to earn a bit of income but they've made a big difference to many people's lives and they should feel good about that. "If our research in cancer proves correct I think that good to humanity is going to expand massively in the next 10 years or so." Jellyfish Jellyfish may seem an unlikely source of human healing but they are contributing to scientific advances. Wales-based company Jellagen has created a business by harvesting the marine creature off the coast of Pembrokeshire. It uses them to create collagen products medical researchers can use, mainly aimed at the regenerative medicine market. 3D-printed implants Using 3D printing, Cardiff Metropolitan University's PDR research consultancy worked with surgeons at Morriston Hospital in Swansea to develop tailor-made implants for facial and cranial reconstruction - for example replacing a jaw bone. Now they have developed software so surgeons can cut out the middleman and design each individual implant themselves before sending it off to be printed. They also print a replica of the patient's skull (pictured) so they can practise the specific procedure before they operate. Now the PDR team are in the early stages of applying similar technology to preparing for spinal operations. 'Hubble telescope' of brain scanners This image of the brain was produced at Cardiff University by a "Connectom" scanner. It is a special type of MRI scanner and one of only three in the world, putting the city at the forefront of research into neurological conditions including MS, schizophrenia, dementia and epilepsy. The scanner can map the brain's axons - effectively wires - which are so thin it would take 50 of them to match the thickness of a human hair. Prof Derek Jones, CUBRIC's director, said it was like getting hold of the Hubble telescope when you've been using binoculars. "The promise for researchers is that we can start to look at structure and function together for the first time," he said. The return of leeches As plastic surgery medical journal PMFA dryly noted: "Patient acceptance is sometimes a barrier to [leech] therapy, particularly when sensitive regions of the body are involved." Two hundred years ago Wales claimed to be the leech-farming capital of Europe but medical leech use dropped off in the early 1900s. Now they are back and used for reconstructive surgery worldwide thanks to the anti-clotting properties of their saliva. There is also ongoing research into whether they can help relieve the symptoms of osteoarthritis. Thankfully the women of Wales are no longer expected to wander barefoot around puddles on the mudflats of Pembrokeshire and Gwent to "collect" leeches on their ankles - they are now cultivated in laboratory. Biopharm in Hendy, Carmarthenshire, supplies 60,000 leeches to hospitals throughout Europe, making it one of the UK's biggest suppliers.
Answer: NHS at 70: Viagra to leeches, how Wales advanced medicine
Question: The two-page letter was sent to pupils at Grittleton House School in Wiltshire on 22 May, 1952. Written following the success of the The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and Prince Caspian, the letter reveals the title of the third book will be The Voyage Of The Dawn Treader. The Chronicles of Narnia has sold more than 100 million copies worldwide. Penned in the author's rooms at Magdalen College in Oxford, the letter reveals the third book will include "a Sea Serpent, and a Dragon, and lots of strange islands" which he hopes the children "will all like". It also describes his plans to have seven stories in the series and his uncertainty of how the saga will end. "What do you think would be a good thing to end the whole series with? Of course Aslan (the lion) will come into them all," he writes. He also recommends some of his favourite books and asks the pupils if they write stories as "I did at your age: it is the greatest fun". Auctioneer Chris Albury described the letter as "an absolute delight". "It is full of warmth and interest and shows a genuine curiosity to engage with the storytelling interests of these children he had not met," he said. "When he was writing The Voyage Of The Dawn Treader he thought it would be the last in the series, so the news he now believed the series would contain seven stories is new and fresh in his mind." Grittleton House, an independent co-educational school, closed in 2016 with alumni including singer-songwriter Jamie Cullum. The letter will be auctioned at Dominic Winter Auctioneers in Gloucester on 12 September.
Answer: | CS Lewis letter to schoolchildren expected to fetch £5k
| NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Part 2. Example
But Eluned Morgan conceded that it would be "difficult for us to stop" from a legal point of view. Her comments were criticised by a Labour AM. Alun Davies said threatening legal action "sounds like the last breath before you're thrown out of the pub". Mr Davies said he was not convinced the Welsh Government would "have a leg to stand on" in trying to shape international trade deals after Brexit. Following Donald Trump's comments during last week's trade visit that the NHS would be "on the table" in any future trade talks between the UK and the USA, Eluned Morgan said there was "absolutely no prospect whatsoever of us allowing the Welsh NHS to be part of any negotiation." The US President then rowed back on his initial comments following criticism from a number of MPs. Asked about her response to President Trump's remarks as she gave evidence to the Assembly's Brexit committee on Monday, Ms Morgan said "legally, it would be difficult for us to stop because we don't have a veto over trade". "Politically, I think it's extremely unlikely to happen," the international relations and the Welsh language minister said. "They [the UK Government] should not be concluding any trade agreements without consulting us where we have the power." Ms Morgan explained that UK and Welsh government officials are working on an agreement or 'concordat' for how future trade deals are negotiated. During a robust exchange, the Labour AM Alun Davies said: "I want something which is in law to which I can hold you to account and which colleagues in Westminster can hold the UK Government to account. "The argument we'll make life difficult for them, it sounds alright on the street, but it's not the reality of intergovernmental relations." "The United Kingdom has to find a way of functioning. "At the moment, your answers aren't giving me any confidence that there is that structure in place because, if the Welsh Government's argument is, 'we'll see you in court', it's not a very impressive argument either for the continuation of the structure of United Kingdom as a state or the commitment of the government within the United Kingdom to actually work together," he added. Responding to the criticism, Ms Morgan said: "Is the current intergovernmental structure adequate? "Absolutely not... and it's not just in relation to trade, it's in relation to almost every aspect of government policy. So, that infrastructure needs to be built."
Answer: NHS Wales: Court action if trade deals affect service?
Explanation: The output phrase is the appropriate title for the given text and it highlights the essence of the passage.
Part 3. Exercise
The two-page letter was sent to pupils at Grittleton House School in Wiltshire on 22 May, 1952. Written following the success of the The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and Prince Caspian, the letter reveals the title of the third book will be The Voyage Of The Dawn Treader. The Chronicles of Narnia has sold more than 100 million copies worldwide. Penned in the author's rooms at Magdalen College in Oxford, the letter reveals the third book will include "a Sea Serpent, and a Dragon, and lots of strange islands" which he hopes the children "will all like". It also describes his plans to have seven stories in the series and his uncertainty of how the saga will end. "What do you think would be a good thing to end the whole series with? Of course Aslan (the lion) will come into them all," he writes. He also recommends some of his favourite books and asks the pupils if they write stories as "I did at your age: it is the greatest fun". Auctioneer Chris Albury described the letter as "an absolute delight". "It is full of warmth and interest and shows a genuine curiosity to engage with the storytelling interests of these children he had not met," he said. "When he was writing The Voyage Of The Dawn Treader he thought it would be the last in the series, so the news he now believed the series would contain seven stories is new and fresh in his mind." Grittleton House, an independent co-educational school, closed in 2016 with alumni including singer-songwriter Jamie Cullum. The letter will be auctioned at Dominic Winter Auctioneers in Gloucester on 12 September.
Answer: | CS Lewis letter to schoolchildren expected to fetch £5k | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Q: Statement: but uh i'd i'd like to uh eventually i'd like to work work up if if my wife does get interested and and maybe get involved in a league in a in a mixed mixed doubles league or something like that Choices: 1. I don't fancy the idea of teaming up with my wife for a league. 2. I would like to partner with my wife in a doubles league. 3. I tried to get my wife interested in a couples' league.
A: | 1 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | zs_opt |
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you are given a statement spoken by a politician in natural language. Your task is to generate the subject of the discussion for the given statement. The subject generated is not necessarily a part of the given input. Your answer should contain one or more words.
As unbelievable as it sounds, your tax dollars are funding the federal governments Zombie Apocalypse Plan. I kid you not.
Output: | federal-budget | NIv2 | task613_politifact_text_generation | zs_opt |
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Ex Input:
Statement: Professional storytellers find this particularly vexing. Choices: 1. Professional storytellers don't care about it. 2. Professional storytellers don't seem to like this one. 3. Professional storytellers don't like this, but have to work on it.
Ex Output:
1
Ex Input:
Statement: Bearing in mind, then, that the stories told in court will almost certainly diverge from one another, the panel emphasized that a person should do whatever possible to obtain objective evidence to confirm his or her story. Choices: 1. The stories told in court will most certainly not diverge. 2. There are many lies told in court that end up getting by. 3. The stories that were told in court pretty much diverge from one another.
Ex Output:
1
Ex Input:
Statement: Again, as in the case of wine sales, states have taxing jurisdiction over transactions only if the seller has sufficient physical presence in the state. Choices: 1. There are some states that tax 50% on wine sales. 2. There are no taxes on wine sales in all states. 3. Seller do not always have sufficient physical presence in a state.
Ex Output:
| 2
| NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Problem:Context Word: problems.
Question: It was recommended that PersonX seek help before PersonY has had enough, because _ has some real problems.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | It was recommended that PersonX seek help before PersonY has had enough, because _ has enough problems. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Instructions: Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Input: Ewan Fulton, 20, allegedly attacked Mhari O'Neill at Edinburgh's Calton Hill in December 2018. The charge claims he compressed the teenager's neck and threw her to the ground, resulting in "blunt force trauma" to her head and body. Prosecutors also stated that Fulton gave her alcohol and a drug called Fluoxetine. The teenager allegedly became "incapable of looking after herself". It was claimed Fulton knew the condition she was in, but left her partially undressed "in a remote and exposed location". Mhari O'Neill is believed to have died at Calton Hill on 7 or 8 December 2018. Fulton, of Livingston, West Lothian, was also accused of sexually assaulting four other teenage girls between November 2017 and February 2019. Fulton, who denied the charges, had his attendance excused during a hearing at the High Court in Glasgow on Monday. His QC Shelagh McCall said: "This is a somewhat complicated case in relation to the culpable homicide charge in particular." Lady Stacey adjourned the case until next month. Bail for Fulton was continued. Related Internet Links Scottish Courts Police Scotland
Output: | Man accused of Calton Hill sexual assault and death of teenager | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | zs_opt |
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
--------
Question: By Paul RinconScience editor, BBC News website Palaeontologist Diego Pol is talking about a very special fossil specimen, a giant dinosaur he excavated in the desert of central Argentina. This titan of the Cretaceous Period, or at least a fibreglass replica of its skeleton, has now taken up residence as an exhibit in New York's American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). The cast is 122ft long (37.5m) and represents a giant plant-eating titanosaur that lived in the forests of Patagonia between 100 and 95 million years ago. It may well be the biggest dinosaur yet discovered, but is so new it doesn't yet have a formal scientific name. The dinosaur cast was unveiled before a packed crowd of media on 14 January. The skeleton grazes the 19ft-high (5.8m) ceilings of the museum's Wallach Orientation Center and its head and neck stick out of the room, gazing towards the lifts. The story behind the exhibit is told in a new BBC One documentary presented by Sir David Attenborough. For Sir David, who is well known for presenting series about the living world, the domain of fossil creatures represents something of a return to his roots. "My original love was fossils, and they were easier to find than much of the wildlife in Leicestershire. The fossils there weren't dinosaurs; there were marine deposits there," Sir David told me. "You'd get fish skeletons as well as lovely ammonites and belemnites. I think fossils are some of the most romantic things. And I studied palaeontology at Cambridge. "I don't see how you can fail to be excited by dinosaurs. One of my theses about why kids are so excited is that you know a lot about dinosaurs, but you don't know everything about dinosaurs - there's room to speculate." Asked how the titanosaur compared with the famous Dippy specimen in London's Natural History Museum, Sir David replied: "It's one-and-a-half times bigger than Dippy in length... it's substantially bigger." The story behind this monster dino specimen goes back to 2013, when a shepherd spotted the tip of a huge fossilised bone sticking out of a rock in La Flecha Farm in the desert of Central Patagonia. Palaeontologists from the Egidio Feruglio Paleontology Museum (MEF) in Trelew set up camp at the site and proceeded to excavate the bone. It turned out to be a 2.4m-long femur - the largest of its type ever found. By the end of the dig they had uncovered 223 bones belonging to seven specimens. The example represented in New York appears to be the biggest of this batch, and bigger than its closest rival - another giant titanosaur called Argentinasaurus. But it's difficult to say for sure, because Argentinasaurus is much less complete, and its size has to be estimated from just a few bones. "It's really unique to have so many bones from these large dinosaurs," says Diego Pol. The latest discoveries come from sedimentary rocks deposited in a riverine environment 100 million years ago. "You have the floodplains, where many animals were. Some of them, when they died, were buried by these flooding events from the river and that's how the fossilisation process starts," Diego Pol told BBC News. "In the case of the titanosaur, we didn't find evidence of a big flood [as the cause of death]. So our hypothesis is that these animals were near the water and just happened to die at this spot." Sir David points out that "we're still in the very early stages of the science. There's still an awful lot we don't know". But while it will take time to resolve the picture, the questions posed by the discoveries so far are fascinating. A key one is how these Cretaceous herbivores grew to be so massive. "This is one of the big questions. There are many things that were different in the Cretaceous. The climate was warmer than it is today, the ecosystems were composed of different plants and animals," says Dr Pol. "What is special about this particular time in the Cretaceous? You only find these gigantic dinosaurs between 100 million and 80 million years ago." Crucial to solving this conundrum is reconstructing the ecological context in which the titanosaurs lived. Dr Pol and his colleagues have found rich plant remains in the Patagonian fossil beds, as well as the remains of other dinosaurs. Sir David explains: "We don't know [why they grew so big], it's entirely speculation. But the basic logic is that if you have food that needs a lot of digestion - a lot of the vegetation around at that time was extremely fibrous - then you need to keep it in your stomach for a long time. Then you need a very big stomach and very big apparatus to carry it." In addition, he says: "One of the defences that elephants have is that they're very big and it's hard for predators to bring them down. There can be an arms race where the predator gets very big and the prey gets bigger still." Diego Pol adds: "An adult animal this big had no predators, that's for sure. Not even the largest carnivorous dinosaurs would have dared to attack one of these. "But the juveniles were probably subject to predation. We know for instance that titanosaurs formed nesting grounds [elsewhere in Patagonia], where hundreds of dinosaurs got together during the reproductive season. That's a classic strategy to protect the young." The researchers have found numerous teeth of carnivorous dinosaurs from the La Flecha Farm site. Many belong to carcharadontosaurs - so-called shark-toothed dinosaurs - which were a Southern Hemisphere response to Tyrannosaurus rex. The titanosaurs appear to have been a fleeting evolutionary experiment, testing biological limits on extreme size. And it's impossible to know which of the specific conditions that favoured such massive beasts would later change, hastening their extinction (if that is indeed the way it happened). Whatever, such scenarios bring to mind present-day species which, having evolved in a particular ecological context, are now under threat as humans transform the environment around them. I asked Sir David how far we should go to preserve those species that are at most risk of disappearing from our planet. "With any species you choose, there's a whole cluster of answers to that question. What do you do, for example, with the Giant Panda? You could argue that the Giant Panda relies on eating large amounts of bamboo, but the bamboo forests are getting smaller and smaller. It's also highly specialised," he says. "But on the other hand, it's part of the natural world which we're a part of. This isn't sentiment that I talk about; it's a whole suite of things: of curiosity, of affection, of perspective on evolutionary creation. And I would think that humanity was simply neglecting its inheritance if it simply allowed it to go. Sir David adds: "The problem about ecosystems is that they are highly complex - they're like pieces of clockwork. You can take a cog out of the clock and it may still tell the time. But you don't know - it might stop immediately. You certainly don't know the long-term effects when you interfere with an ecosystem." Follow Paul on Twitter. Attenborough And The Giant Dinosaur will broadcast on BBC One on Sunday 24 January at 6.30pm.
Answer: Reconstructing the 'world's biggest dinosaur'
Question: Lynnette Wallace went into early labour after being held in Nottingham in 2011. While three officers were disciplined and Ms Wallace received an apology and damages, the case against two other officers only ended in May 2017. The police watchdog admitted its handling of their case was "unacceptable". Ms Wallace, 48, who has cancer, only resolved her own legal case against the the watchdog last year. 'Feels like I didn't matter' She said: "This leaves me angry. It happened to me, I should be getting the apologies." The Police Federation, which represents rank and file officers, lodged a complaint on behalf of the two officers. It said their lives had been "blighted" by delays in the case - something which angered Ms Wallace. "Yes this has gone on a long time but it has gone on a long time for me too," she said. "They have still got everything and they are still working. "It feels like what happened to me almost didn't matter." In 2011 Ms Wallace was arrested at 30 weeks pregnant and taken into custody at Bridewell police station. She was assessed as being at risk of self-harming and stripped to the waist. She was left handcuffed for 11 hours. Two days later, she gave birth prematurely. Charges against her were later dropped. The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) began an investigation into her treatment. In 2013, Nottinghamshire Police found an inspector and two sergeants guilty of gross misconduct. The force publicly apologised to Ms Wallace in 2016 and settled a claim for damages. In May 2017, a misconduct hearing against two PCs was dropped due to delays in the IPCC investigation. After this, the federation lodged its complaint on their behalf, but a further delay was caused when the IOPC replaced the IPCC in January 2018. The results of the complaint have just been released. IOPC deputy director general Ian Todd said: "In February I met with the two officers in Nottinghamshire to apologise in person for an at times unacceptable standard of investigation, for our contribution to delays in this case, and not keeping them regularly updated during its course. "I do not underestimate the stress that these delays undoubtedly caused the officers. I am committed to ensuring that we have learned from this investigation so that similar situations do not arise in the future." Phill Matthews, from the Police Federation, said: "We are disappointed that it has taken nearly a full year to resolve the complaints, bearing in mind that such lengthy delays were part of the original problem, but pleased that the IOPC have now upheld our complaint against it and apologised to both the officers, admitting that its performance was not acceptable."
Answer: Pregnant arrest row woman 'angry' over apology to police
Question: The 2011 report into HMP Wayland, near Thetford, said changes to the drug treatment system had been "badly introduced" and caused "disruption". The strategic management of healthcare was also said to be "poor". The new report said these areas were "much improved", but there were still other areas of concern. The recent inspectors' report into the category C men's training prison said illicit drug use was low with positive tests in 4% of cases - set against a target of 8%. 'Disinterested staff' Drug misuse services to support prisoners had "significantly improved". Healthcare, which was provided by the private firm Serco, had also "improved significantly", with 46% of prisoners saying they were satisfied with it, compared to 35% last time. However, inspectors said the prison needed to improve its first night and induction arrangements. Although some staff-prisoner relationships were very positive, too many officers were "dismissive and disinterested". The report also criticised a lack of resources applied to diversity and equality issues, and inspectors found that black and minority ethnic inmates said they were treated "particularly poorly" by staff. Nick Hardwick, chief inspector of prisons, said: "These remain significant concerns and need to be dealt with as priorities. "Budget reductions and management changes were having an impact and many staff were still in the process of adapting to new roles. "Maintaining, and in some cases, improving outcomes for prisoners in these circumstances was a real achievement." Michael Spurr, chief executive officer of the government's National Offender Management Service, which runs prisons, said: "I am pleased the chief inspector has recognised the improvements that have been made. "I am confident the governor and his staff will work hard to address any concerns raised."
Answer: | Drug and health improvements Wayland Prison but concerns remain
| NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
In this task, you're given a statement, and three sentences as choices. Your job is to determine which sentence clearly disagrees with the statement. Indicate your answer as '1', '2', or '3' corresponding to the choice number of the selected sentence.
Example: Statement: Next to the MGM Grand you will find M and M World, four stories of merchandise and memorabilia dedicated to the candy that doesn't melt in your hand. Choices: 1. The candy has many fans who love its attractions. 2. There's four stories of memorabilia dedicated to a candy. 3. That particular candy melts and becomes difficult to eat.
Output: 3
It is said in the statement that the candy doesn't melt in your hand, but the sentence in choice 3 disagrees with it.
New input case for you: Statement: Again, as in the case of wine sales, states have taxing jurisdiction over transactions only if the seller has sufficient physical presence in the state. Choices: 1. There are some states that tax 50% on wine sales. 2. There are no taxes on wine sales in all states. 3. Seller do not always have sufficient physical presence in a state.
Output: | 2 | NIv2 | task202_mnli_contradiction_classification | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Problem:Context Word: kids.
Question: The kids of PersonX are being watched by PersonY because _ is a good parent.
Answer: PersonX
Solution: | The kids of PersonX are being watched by PersonY because _ is a good babysitter. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
--------
Question: Sentence1: Scientists still know relatively little about Archaea.
Sentence2: scientists still know relatively little about non-bacterial prokaryotes.
Answer: Scientists
Question: Sentence1: friction causes the temperature of an object to increase.
Sentence2: pressure causes the temperature of an object to increase.
Answer: causes
Question: Sentence1: a rubber band snapping causes the particles in the rubber band to vibrate.
Sentence2: By it's nature, a vibration is a frequency wave .
Answer: | vibrate
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Q: Sentence1: Earth 's tilt on its rotating axis causes seasons to change.
Sentence2: Earth 's tilt on its axis causes habitats to change.
A: | 's | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Part 2. Example
But Eluned Morgan conceded that it would be "difficult for us to stop" from a legal point of view. Her comments were criticised by a Labour AM. Alun Davies said threatening legal action "sounds like the last breath before you're thrown out of the pub". Mr Davies said he was not convinced the Welsh Government would "have a leg to stand on" in trying to shape international trade deals after Brexit. Following Donald Trump's comments during last week's trade visit that the NHS would be "on the table" in any future trade talks between the UK and the USA, Eluned Morgan said there was "absolutely no prospect whatsoever of us allowing the Welsh NHS to be part of any negotiation." The US President then rowed back on his initial comments following criticism from a number of MPs. Asked about her response to President Trump's remarks as she gave evidence to the Assembly's Brexit committee on Monday, Ms Morgan said "legally, it would be difficult for us to stop because we don't have a veto over trade". "Politically, I think it's extremely unlikely to happen," the international relations and the Welsh language minister said. "They [the UK Government] should not be concluding any trade agreements without consulting us where we have the power." Ms Morgan explained that UK and Welsh government officials are working on an agreement or 'concordat' for how future trade deals are negotiated. During a robust exchange, the Labour AM Alun Davies said: "I want something which is in law to which I can hold you to account and which colleagues in Westminster can hold the UK Government to account. "The argument we'll make life difficult for them, it sounds alright on the street, but it's not the reality of intergovernmental relations." "The United Kingdom has to find a way of functioning. "At the moment, your answers aren't giving me any confidence that there is that structure in place because, if the Welsh Government's argument is, 'we'll see you in court', it's not a very impressive argument either for the continuation of the structure of United Kingdom as a state or the commitment of the government within the United Kingdom to actually work together," he added. Responding to the criticism, Ms Morgan said: "Is the current intergovernmental structure adequate? "Absolutely not... and it's not just in relation to trade, it's in relation to almost every aspect of government policy. So, that infrastructure needs to be built."
Answer: NHS Wales: Court action if trade deals affect service?
Explanation: The output phrase is the appropriate title for the given text and it highlights the essence of the passage.
Part 3. Exercise
The 2011 report into HMP Wayland, near Thetford, said changes to the drug treatment system had been "badly introduced" and caused "disruption". The strategic management of healthcare was also said to be "poor". The new report said these areas were "much improved", but there were still other areas of concern. The recent inspectors' report into the category C men's training prison said illicit drug use was low with positive tests in 4% of cases - set against a target of 8%. 'Disinterested staff' Drug misuse services to support prisoners had "significantly improved". Healthcare, which was provided by the private firm Serco, had also "improved significantly", with 46% of prisoners saying they were satisfied with it, compared to 35% last time. However, inspectors said the prison needed to improve its first night and induction arrangements. Although some staff-prisoner relationships were very positive, too many officers were "dismissive and disinterested". The report also criticised a lack of resources applied to diversity and equality issues, and inspectors found that black and minority ethnic inmates said they were treated "particularly poorly" by staff. Nick Hardwick, chief inspector of prisons, said: "These remain significant concerns and need to be dealt with as priorities. "Budget reductions and management changes were having an impact and many staff were still in the process of adapting to new roles. "Maintaining, and in some cases, improving outcomes for prisoners in these circumstances was a real achievement." Michael Spurr, chief executive officer of the government's National Offender Management Service, which runs prisons, said: "I am pleased the chief inspector has recognised the improvements that have been made. "I am confident the governor and his staff will work hard to address any concerns raised."
Answer: | Drug and health improvements Wayland Prison but concerns remain | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | fs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the events that happen before that sentence, or are likely to have happened before it. Does any of them directly cause it, or simply make it possible? You should write your answer in the form " A >causes/enables> B". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible.
Input: story: Eliza had a bit of change. She decided to buy some food with it. At the checkout stand, she was about to pay. She couldn't find all of the change in her bag. Someone offered to pay for her instead.
selected sentence: Eliza had a bit of change.
Output: | Eliza gets change >Causes/Enables> Eliza has change | NIv2 | task614_glucose_cause_event_detection | zs_opt |
Part 1. Definition
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Part 2. Example
Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Answer: pollution.
Explanation: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
Part 3. Exercise
Sentence1: a rubber band snapping causes the particles in the rubber band to vibrate.
Sentence2: By it's nature, a vibration is a frequency wave .
Answer: | vibrate | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Input: Consider Input: Context Word: braces.
Question: PersonX is a dentist, PersonY is not therefore _ is best to get advice about braces from.
Answer: PersonX
Output: PersonX is a dentist, PersonY is not therefore _ is not the best to get advice about braces from.
Input: Consider Input: Context Word: crystals.
Question: PersonX had numerous different crystals to use when they got sick but PersonY had none because _ believed crystals had healing powers.
Answer: PersonX
Output: PersonX had numerous different crystals to use when they got sick but PersonY had none because _ did not believe crystals had healing powers.
Input: Consider Input: Context Word: rabbit.
Question: PersonX voraciously tore into the rabbit meat whereas PersonY couldn't even look at it since _ was hungry.
Answer: PersonX
| Output: PersonX voraciously tore into the rabbit meat whereas PersonY couldn't even look at it since _ was disgusted.
| NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
Detailed Instructions: Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Q: By Eleanor LawrieBBC News Designed to boost the struggling hospitality industry, 64 million discounted meals were ordered during the first three weeks of the scheme. The Treasury has resisted calls to extend the scheme but several restaurants say they will carry it on at their own expense. Which restaurants say they will offer the discount for longer? Chains pledging to continue offering some form of discount include: Until 9 September: A longer list - including independent venues taking part by region - can be found here. This is separate from the government scheme, so the discounts on offer may vary or change. How has the Eat Out To Help Out scheme worked? The UK-wide government promotion gives people up to 50% off when eating - or drinking soft drinks - in a participating restaurant or other food establishment. The maximum discount is £10 per person. It is valid all day Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday throughout August. Food and drink appear on the menu at full price, but the restaurant takes the money off the bill before claiming it back from the government. Can I eat and drink anything? The discount is only on food and soft drinks that you intend to consume on the premises. It does not apply to takeaways. There is no limit on how many times you can use the discount, or for how many people, including children. There's no minimum spend and you don't have to order food to be eligible. For example, a £3 coffee would cost £1.50 under the scheme. The offer can be used in combination with any other promotions and discounts being offered by the venue. Which food and drink places are taking part? More than 83,000 businesses have signed up to the promotion. These include: Catering services, bed and breakfasts and mobile food vans are not eligible. Lots of local independent pubs, restaurants and cafes have been taking part, as well as big chains. To be eligible they must have a designated dining or drinking area, or access to one. They must have been registered with their local authority since at least 7 July 2020. A search tool allows people to search for participating local venues within a five-mile radius. The search tool may not include big chain restaurants taking part, a list of which can be found here. They include: What are the rules for eating out? Pubs, bars, cafes and restaurants can now reopen indoors, with guidance issued for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland on measures they must take to keep customers and staff safe. These include social distancing, controlled access to toilets and the option of ordering food on apps. Hospitality venues must also collect and keep the details of at least one person in your party for 21 days. This is in case they are needed for contact tracing. You do not have to provide your details, but bars and restaurants have the right to refuse you service. Why was 'eat out to help out' introduced? Hospitality is one of the UK's biggest employers and has been hit especially hard by lockdown. In April, 80% of venues closed, and 1.4 million hospitality workers have been placed on furlough at some point since then. Some venues have been able to provide a takeaway service during lockdown. But this often means lower average spending per head and fewer people employed. The scheme has been used alongside other targeted help, such as a cut in VAT for hospitality and tourism businesses. Why has the scheme been criticised? Several fast-food chains have taken part in the scheme, which has drawn criticism from some anti-obesity campaigners. The National Obesity Forum, for example, has said it was a ''green light to promote junk food''. The discount scheme sits alongside the government's healthy eating plan that bans "buy one get one free" deals on unhealthy food, amid growing evidence of a link between obesity and an increased risk from coronavirus. When asked if the government was promoting mixed messages, Care Minister Helen Whately said under healthy eating plans, large chain restaurants will have to publish calorie breakdowns of their meals, helping diners to make an ''informed choice''.
A: | Coronavirus: Will the 'eat out to help out scheme' be extended? | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: "Yes, and" is a rule-of-thumb in improvisational comedy that suggests that a participant in a dialogue should accept what another participant has stated ("Yes") and then expand on that line of thought or context ("and..."). Given a prompt and two responses, identify which response is the type of "yes, and". Indicate your answer by 'Response 1' if the first response is correct, otherwise 'Response 2'. Note that a "Yes, and" does not require someone explicitly saying 'yes, and...' as part of a dialogue exchange.
Input: Prompt: He's morphing right before our eyes.
Response 1: Watch, I can turn into anything. Hey, look at me.
Response 2: Alright, well after I'm dead and buried, if you'd like to go to a movie, I'm absolutely all in.
Output: | Response 1 | NIv2 | task362_spolin_yesand_prompt_response_sub_classification | zs_opt |
Teacher: You're given a fill-in-the-blank question where the answer is PersonX. You need to minimally change the given question so that the answer flips to PersonY. This task typically involves replacing one word i.e., the 'trigger word' with its antonym (e.g., changing from "sympathetic" to "stern"). You should not change any content in the given question beyond a word or two i.e. the trigger word/phrase. PersonX and PersonY should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, PersonY should be a well-agreed answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use the names of real people or generic names (e.g., Donald Trump, John Doe, etc.) in your question. Avoid repeating the same style or phrase in generating your modified question e.g. this task can be always solved using a simple negation i.e. by adding not, never, etc. Instead, try to increase the word diversity. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. Your question must have at least 70% overlapping words with the given question. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that PersonX and PersonY have the same gender. In your question, PersonX and PersonY should be used only ONCE and PersonX should appear earlier than PersonY. Although there are many correct answers, you only need to write one of them.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Context word: upset.
Question: PersonX yelled at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Answer: PersonX.
Solution: PersonX comforted at PersonY because _ was so upset about the news.
Reason: On replacing the trigger word "yelled" with its antonym "comforted", the answer flips to PersonY which is as per the given instruction. So, this is a valid question.
Now, solve this instance: Context Word: rabbit.
Question: PersonX voraciously tore into the rabbit meat whereas PersonY couldn't even look at it since _ was hungry.
Answer: PersonX
Student: | PersonX voraciously tore into the rabbit meat whereas PersonY couldn't even look at it since _ was disgusted. | NIv2 | task035_winogrande_question_modification_person | fs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
[EX Q]: Sentence1: Babies that are very large or very small at birth are less likely to survive.
Sentence2: Babies that are very large or very small at birth are less likely to live.
[EX A]: Babies
[EX Q]: Sentence1: skin is used for protecting the body from harmful substances.
Sentence2: Acids are harmful to tissue.
[EX A]: harmful
[EX Q]: Sentence1: An organic molecule is one involving carbon.
Sentence2: organic molecules cycle quickly between organisms and the atmosphere.
[EX A]: | molecule
| NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Definition: Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
Input: Sentence1: the emission of sulfur dioxide causes acid rain.
Sentence2: Burning coal causes acid rain.
Output: | acid | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | zs_opt |
Generate an overlapping word between the given two sentences. When you find the overlapping words, they don't have to match exactly, e.g., "survival" and "survive" are valid overlapping words. Little words like "the" or "of" don't count! You must generate significant words which are not the stop words.
One example: Sentence1: pesticides cause pollution.
Sentence2: pollution can harm animals.
Solution is here: pollution.
Explanation: The word "pollution" is common to Sentence1 and Sentence2. So, it's a good answer.
Now, solve this: Sentence1: An organic molecule is one involving carbon.
Sentence2: organic molecules cycle quickly between organisms and the atmosphere.
Solution: | molecule | NIv2 | task039_qasc_find_overlapping_words | fs_opt |
Generate an appropriate title for the given text. The generated title must be short and include the main topic of the text. The preferred titles are under fifteen words.
Patients were delayed getting through to the service on Saturday. Serco said: "Following problems with the out-of-hours telephone system, the service is now operating as normal." Serco, which has run the service since 2006, added that people should continue to use the service for urgent medical assistance. | Serco says Cornwall calls to doctors back to normal | NIv2 | task1356_xlsum_title_generation | zs_opt |
Definition: In this task, you will use your knowledge about language (and common sense) to determine what element the marked number refers to. The numbers are marked with two underlines around them, like: _ number _. There are several possible answers, you'll need to choose the proper one. Carefully read the given text, pay special attention to the marked number, think about what (unwritten) information the marked number holds inside, choose the most adequate word(s) from the optional answers. If none of them seems right to you, there's also an option for other. If your answer is "REFERENCE", also write the reference entity, otherwise write the implicit option name. Options to choose from are:
REFERENCE: Some object which is being mentioned in the text before or after the target number. The reference answer has a higher priority than any other. If both Reference and another answer are possible, prioritize the Reference.
YEAR: Describing a calendric year
AGE: Describing someone's age
CURRENCY: Reference to some monetary value e.g dollar, euro etc.
PEOPLE: Describing a single/plural persons
TIME: Describing a time of the day. Usually you can add the word o'clock after those numbers.
OTHER: Some other option, which isn't listed here.
Input: Francie Calfo: Dear Aunt Stephanie . Unfortunately , as my mother has informed you , the wedding is off so I am returning your kind gift of a coffee maker because , as it turns out , the man to whom I was engaged is a deceitful , two - faced , sex - crazed jackass . All my love , Francie .
Sydney Bristow: It 's not too harsh .
Francie Calfo: I want to read you _ one _ more . This is the restrained one .
Output: | OTHER | NIv2 | task304_numeric_fused_head_resolution | zs_opt |
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