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03db4428b4b3ad3d7c067bdb436dcc90007076c29b6708a78b04baf727e4e282 | anti-sinoism opinions | These instances of Chinese subjugation must be criticized---being ‘tough on China’ doesn’t support anti-Asian hate or uphold the Yellow Peril.
Hung ’21 [Ho-fung; March 25; professor, Political Economy, Sociology Department and School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University; China File, “Abandoning Criticism of China’s Government Isn’t the Right Way to End Anti-Asian Racism in the U.S.,” https://www.chinafile.com/reporting-opinion/viewpoint/abandoning-criticism-of-chinas-government-isnt-right-way-end-anti-asian]
Chinese government dug its heels into rivalry bring up racism to delegitimize America implied was that criticism of Chinese bore responsibility for anti-Asian hatred many leaders expressed worry escalating conflicts fan violence against Asians Entangling fight against racism with debate about China won’t improve position it’s dangerous to suggest U.S. should forfeit stance on security and h r because we fear a backlash suggestions reinforce conflation of Chinese state and Chinese This reproduces Beijing’s position that criticism of regime is tantamount to attacks on Chinese people ,” and notion all people of Chinese descent owe loyalty to China foundation of racism is homogenizing lumps Asian s and Chinese regime , into one mass . To fight racism , we have to dismantle this not reinforce it our fight racism should not prevent us from speaking against Beijing’s threats to Taiwan key is to resist stereotype of homogenous Asia anti-Sinoist opinions in Taiwan grew created parties that championed anti-Sinoism identity began with resinicization Taiwanese suffered discrimination marginalization appropriations supplanted Taiwanese identity with Chinese culture speakers stigmatized local expressions punished Taiwanese share history of oppression solidarity in frustration from oppression community resonated to protect belonging |
041c6379dd5badc42ab443d621e0f4608b31d7ffdf915c5c2a87827f35139116 | tipping points confusion worst-case outcomes | 8. Climate tipping points are unstudied and exaggerated.
Seaver Wang 23, Co-Director of the Climate and Energy team at the Breakthrough Institute, “There Is No Climate Tipping Point,” The Breakthrough Institute, 4/17/23, https://thebreakthrough.org/journal/climate-change-banned-words/climate-tipping-point-real
tipping point was entirely incorrect . climate science has not identified any approaching point Arctic thaw and Amazon influence warming the magnitude is small tipping points is susceptible to confusion summarized using worst-case outcomes systematic shifts are rare Components of the system change over centuries continental systems may not possess a single point but exhibit nonlinear shifts at smaller scales in response to local thresholds Arctic monsoons methane and El Niño have been stricken from lists carbon release will be gradual even middle-of-the-road mitigation eliminate any risk Longer-term solutions will absolutely contribute |
046aa1b1c6ac0f98755d29fceb39aff9fb5a05371d0f74eedadd5b57d201be34 | Carl Surran best forecasts | Best forecasts are Aff.
Carl Surran 12/31 (covers energy, utilities, and natural resources for Seeking Alpha. He holds a BA from Duke University and an MBA from Rollins College.; Surran, Carl. “Oil Benchmarks Little Changed for 2024; Demand Concerns Dampen 2025 Price Outlook.” Seeking Alpha, 2025, seekingalpha.com/news/4391779-oil-futures-little-changed-for-2024-demand-concerns-dampen-2025-price-outlook. Accessed 1 Jan. 2025.)Rinehart.
Weak global demand and looming supply glut are weighing on the oil market's outlook survey of analysts showing lower price forecasts with benchmarks expected to fal next year |
026bc08790679ee43fe3a0bdd8cf8db5177e48c104b7d466e407f72ab8e52cc8 | Congress Green New Deal | The plan is a radical version of the Green New Deal—Emory’s 1AC solvency advocate admits their mechanism is legally suspicious, requires Congress, would be widely unpopular, and links to politics and backlash.
Hammerschlag 22 – Notes Editor of the Texas Law Review, JD Candidate at the University of Texas School of Law.
Bryan Hammerschlag, “A ‘Green New Fed’: How the Federal Reserve’s Existing Legal Powers Could Allow It to Take Action on Climate Change,” Texas Law Review, Volume 100, Issue 3, 2022, https://texaslawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/6Hamerschlag.Printer.pdf
A common trope among politicians is that the Fed shouldn’t “pick winners .” there is a cohort of influential bankers who disfavor political action legal forces make the Fed’s intervention uncertain the program rely on a broad congressional mandate it would have to impose a significant price . Regulating financed emissions would mean stepping into a controversial area that is political . It would create a clear economic preference for low-emitting over high-emitting activities. philosophies are preferences the Fed duty to effectuate its mandates should triumph over preconceived notions in society the Fed has a long history of political actions outside the proper scope of what unelected technocrats It’s time for the Fed’s own “ whatever it takes ” moment It is time for a Green New Fed |
02b98dc5344488dd0314afb87ddddad2e158dd4a61d068b0a41dac84b6286caa | Chiba and Gartzke peace causes democracy | 2. Either causality is the other way (peace causes democracy) or the correlation is spurious (democracy and peace both exist because of some third variable that is unknown)
Dr. Daina Chiba 21, Associate Professor of Political Science in the Department of Government and Public Administration at the University of Macau, Ph.D in Political Science from Rice University, LL.M in Jurisprudence and International Relations from Hitotsubashi University, and Dr. Erik Gartzke, Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego, PhD in Political Science from the University of Iowa, “Make Two Democracies and Call Me in the Morning: Endogenous Regime Type and the Democratic Peace”, 2/19/2021, https://dainachiba.github.io/research/make2dem/Make2Dem.pdf
empirical results suggest democracy does not pacify findings contradict empirical observation If democracy is not driving what explains observed peace it is not (democracy-as-cause) they reveal (reverse causality) or (spurious correlation) |
02d15913553b770c0984ab7b92791afbc3c19c87c79f07a50f280417e44aedaa | Marxist economics explains economic busts | 4---Boom and bust.
Alan Maass 21. Communications staff for Rutgers AAUP-AFT. Marxism Shows Us How Our Problems Are Connected. Jacobin. 1-5-2021. https://jacobinmag.com/2021/01/marxism-capital-socialism-capitalism-book-review
Marxist economics explains economic busts that inevitably follow booms too much commerce contradiction reproduced as antagonism economy free-for-all Businesses hoping to get leg up on the competition when enough companies jump in market gets saturated sales slump debts grow focus on overproduction and competition repeatedly causes crisis to frantic overproduction undermines profitability and slams economy into reverse Competition is mainstay of capitalism it requires accumulation at any cost Every contradiction is a great hazard to our lives and an important crack in system |
003b29261ad74f75a2e3a753f936a3919c6533cc700ba0ef15a57b64a3051ca7 | Land has agential capacity | This is an acknowledgment that land and the environment have agential capacity. The production of archives has erased indigenous legacies for understanding land and interconnectivity, but grounded normativity recenters the debate over how to refuse conquest.
Byrd et. al 18 (Jodi Ann Byrd is an American indigenous academic. They are an associate professor of Literatures in English at Cornell University, where they also hold an affiliation with the American Studies Program. Alyosha Goldstein is Associate Professor in the Department of American Studies at the University of New Mexico. Jodi Melamed is assistant professor of English and Africana Studies at Marquette University. Chandan Reddy is Assistant Professor of English at the University of Washington. “Predatory Value: Economies of Dispossession and Disturbed conomies of Dispossession and Disturbed Relationalities” English Faculty Research and Publications. 519. 6-2018) mk
Against commensurabilities rationalities of settler colonialism racial capitalism seek alternative frameworks for building capacities for grounded relationality literally situated in relation to the land without precluding movement being grounded nonhuman world and materiality have agential significance exceed liberal conceptions knowledge remain grounded land calls to us find place within ongoing interconnectivity apprehend relationality across systems of capitalism, colonialism, and chattel slavery and afterlives land understood not as territory but relation with agency building capacities for relationality outside the logics of propriation possible to handle incommensurate demands land to serve as ontological condition for different concept refuses conquest liberal freedoms, fail to halt expropriation of collective life critical to turn attention to praxes build capacities for relationality beyond propriation afterlife persists asked to confront ontological, political, economic implications of colonization anticapitalist norms of “consent not to be a single being” decenter bodies as site of pure labor think more fluidly reinvigoration of l indigenous laws grounded normativity reframed praxis as baseline for anticolonial solidarities relationship to land generates processes practices, knowledges inform political systems, willfully abandon them auto-genocide Grounded normativity provides ethical way of knowing more expansive than ontologies that prioritize the human as exceptional extends memory through vast kinship networks assume vibrancy agency beyond limits of enlightenment notions of self property Indigenous interventions to categories codified by settler law, policy also critiques of colonialism reorient knowledge through Indigenous returns to land, philosophy, diplomacy, activism, and kinship. colonialism inflected understanding of nature, memory, and history through production of archives knowledge production favor hegemonic white possession. grounded normativity”— teach us about living lives in relation to one another in a nonexploitative way ”? consider land as agentive fungibility |
00a10aa73b3e273d76b8506e0d0230699d0d3571098d297f7149d4cd33599a19 | Tax court precedent | It sets a precedent for other tax areas.
Amandeep Grewal 16. 2016; Joseph F. Rosenfield Scholar and Professor of Law at the University of Iowa; Iowa Law Review, “The Un-Precedented Tax Court,” vol. 101.
A exposition is difficult to ignore taxpayers frequently invoke opinions in connection with tax disputes in front of IRS Tax Court , or other courts Tax Court cannot ignore its opinions other cases treat them like persuasive binding authorities |
0188d563903bca421a67309cb6af091d55126139ccad9173a89a3618abca3b24 | Kochan 2020 | 4. The counterplan is illegal---it either gets rolled back or destroys global trade
Donald J. Kochan 2020, Professor of Law and Deputy Executive Director of the Law & Economics Center, George Mason University Antonin Scalia Law School, “The Meaning of Federalism in a System of Interstate Commerce:The Meaning of Federalism in a System of Interstate Commerce: Free Trade Among the Several StatesFree Trade Among the Several States”, June 24, Notre Dame Law Review Reflection Volume 95 Issue 5 Article 1, accessed 9/10/24, HMc
The facilitation of trade was a motivating purpose for replacing the Articles of Confederation the commerce clauses combined with the Import Export Clause were the vital ingredients to the new Constitution left unchecked, states would interfere and it would lead to disastrous effects the commerce clauses, with the Import Export and Duties and Imposts Clause include a noninterference principle also cast regulatory authority over commerce in the federal government The Dormant Foreign Commerce Clause prohibit states from displacing the federal government’s policymaking role in foreign trade individual state s send a poor signal to foreign nations |
003c9079af4287ae80d870a34b008279b8a79c9eba5e9a22f74bd2b4097dec58 | Teamsters endorsement Trump | B] Sacred Majority—teamsters endorsement proves
MacKinnon ‘9-21 [Douglas; former White House and Pentagon official; The Hill, “The ‘scared majority’ could deliver a landslide victory for Trump,” https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/4891015-the-scared-majority-could-deliver-a-landslide-victory-for-trump/]
scared majority will show up at the polls. canary in the coal Teamsters endorsement of Trump For the first time in 20 years did not endorse Democrat 60 percent of membership indicated going to vote for Trump voters expressed fear of economy reckoning going to produce landslide for Trump this debate looks like when Trump won electoral vote and lost popular votes majority say she’s risky’ and the same’ — hardly enviable Harris got the debate If she isn’t able to move the needle the country isn’t buying what she’s selling |
010687ce9d48950d024799e567ea1c21b6825b68a252bc7874da86c983ce1621 | US clean energy leadership | 4—Green U.S. leadership revitalizes the liberal order
Deese ‘24 [Brian Deese is an American economic and political advisor who was the 13th director of the National Economic Council, serving under President Joe Biden. "The Case for a Clean Energy Marshall Plan", Foreign Affairs https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/case-clean-energy-marshall-plan-deese published 8-20-2024, accessed 10-5-2024]
institutions teetering China growing . dynamics creating friction across supply chain clean energy most important greatest opportunity U S chance to lead. to shape outcomes. I R A first step for accelerating energy transition Now is the time to take leadership global emerging markets need cheap tech to transition U S Putting industries center will generate innovation and growth. creating global markets for its own industries scale gains and strengthen support for fracturing world order |
005aec4bae0b45b020d8dbd1acf2cda5656bf62496a2532f29de0c0d649cc98f | Gulf states prepared for transition | No link---Gulf states are prepared for the transition.
Amy Myers Jaffe 20. senior fellow for energy and the environment director of the Program on Energy Security and Climate Change at the Council on Foreign Relations. “Stranded Assets and Sovereign States.” National Institute Economic Review, No. 25. 2-5-2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/nie.2020.4
national oil companies of the Gulf are taking most ambitious measures to reduce emissions and pivot to renewable energy comprehensive study found Saudi Aramco have lowest emissions among major producers via energy efficiency Aramco also invest in CCS as demand shrinks |
000a064a2ed2e6c851497178d5fe27149a4c19044d7f433cb7a4e248e0f78459 | Recycling solves pollution | Recycling and reuse solves pollution – clean energy and security outweigh short-term costs
Erdmann 23 (Major Tyson E. Erdmann, 03-31-2023, "Diversifying the U.S. Rare Earth Element Resource Base is Vital to National Security", US Naval War College Writing & Teaching Excellence Center, https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/trecms/pdf/AD1209298.pdf [cut using OCR – pardon spelling and format weirdness!]) – MoState JG
Despite costs increased domestic extraction is best shifts control back to the U S become more self-reliant less dependent on market volatility caused by China's geopolitical conflicts security outweigh costs mitigated through recycling and reuse by themselves would fail when combined with increased domestic production and additional sourcing from allies could be effective clean mining will be marketable It is worth paying costs up front rather than setbacks later |
0417531f703dad0b732bd890cac9ec9458fbefe72b2559f429f07a2d8def49ec | Object representations working memory | 2. REPETITION COMPULSION.
Johnson and Mosri, 16 [Brian, Psychiatry @ SUNY; and Daniela Flores, Psychology, Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, and Neuropsychoanalysis @ Universidad Intercontinental (Mexico City): “The Neuropsychoanalytic Approach: Using Neuroscience as the Basic Science of Psychoanalysis,” Hypothesis and Theory 7 (October 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01459]//AD
Object representations are cortical. They stabilize and facilitate experiences Knowing a person acts the same makes contact less effortful working memory underlies object representations and planning ahead inform subsequent encounters so the interaction occurs with optimal relatedness |
01fc362e601e76b5ab53e16c4f9129bbaf9532250de1bd3feb65c83b3da1c93d | PES commodification | The plan commodifies traditional ecosystem services, entrapping natives in commodity fetishism.
Nicolás Kosoy 10. Ecosystem Service Economics Unit, Division of Environmental Policy Implementation, United Nations Environment Programme, Esteve Corbera, School of International Development, University of East Anglia; “Payments for ecosystem services as commodity fetishism”, Ecological Economics 69 (2010) 1228–1236.
everything is for sale repackaging existing commodities creating new ones and inducing wants’ sits in the centre of global capitalism amidst deep financial crisis caused by liquidity and growth beyond biophysical limits PES represent a symptom and consequence of commodity fetishism in market-based environmental governance PES disregard ecosystems complexity in order to facilitate market transactions based on a single exchange-value imposing a trend towards monetary conservation fails to account for value and obliterates social and ecological qualities embedded in services PES create power asymmetries through price formation which do not account for services locally globally and attribution of property rights . When services are commodified , they become the basis for new socio-economic hierarchies |
0264263e31111fd866ee6f90a168b0310222ad2864fda2fb014589afa7e22f1d | banks haven't priced in stranded asset risk | 2. Syndicated loans. Divestiture now is a false flag because firms are offloading risks by switching from bonds to syndicated loans, which causes asset stranding.
Natasha Chaudhary 24. Research Fellow at the Institute for Climate Economics, MBA in Financial Management from Christ University. “From Stranded Assets to Assets-at-Risk: Reframing the narrative for European private financial institutions.” Institute for Climate Economics. 2024. https://www.i4ce.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/From-Stranded-Assets-to-Assets-at-Risk.pdf
banks have not priced in stranded asset risk only scope 1 lead to inefficient underpricing underpricing makes transition more expensive (due to delayed action and magnifies asset repricing from sudden shock reaction depends on credibility of policy signals as investors factor carbon risk into bond prices firms substitute financing from bonds to syndicate loans to benefit from rates leads to a flight of carbon risk , interconnected nature of markets creates scope for risk amplification banks primarily use syndicated loans losses could be significant once stranding materializes compounded by ‘ risk-offloading ’ decisions to reallocate portfolios Private players face challenges for scoping evaluating and managing risk This could delay necessary transition finance require regulatory guidelines to retire misaligned assets guidelines are needed to define finance framework onus lies on regulatory authorities to accelerate capital flows |
0125ac253c60a6152ef09973c8ede866780bb9375ad2ea6821e11ac07e995436 | Climate change is the root | Their evidence concedes that climate change is the root cause.
Peter Gleick 21, MacArthur Fellow, Member of the US National Academy of Sciences and Hydroclimatologist, B.S. from Yale University and M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, “Water Recommendation for the New Administration”, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 77, 2021
Climate changes are already affect ing US water resources and will worsen Water problems will be a source of conflict many countries will experience shortages that risk state failure , increase tensions , and distract from working on important objectives threat multipliers pose challenges for the world at large US foreign policy should reduc risks around the world conflict-resolution and management hold promise to address problems federal actions should include judicial actions The need is great, but so are opportunities |
0451a11d0dbf0cd3e9f3a96caa2069a4b3dff43d768c6773617e6457dcd67ef4 | compacts energy policy | Compacts have been the cornerstone of energy policy.
Kevin J. Heron 85 (J.D., 1983, The National Law Center, George Washington University; B.S. in Economics, 1980, Villanova University; Staff Attorney, Pacific Legal Foundation. “The Interstate Compact in Transition: From Cooperative State Action to Congressionally Coerced Agreements” Fall 1985 https://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2049&context=lawreview)//conway
1930's, compacts with relative frequency assume national significance . The Compact for Parolees had a nationwide membership . the Oil Compact , essentially the precursor to energy conservation efforts participation by all states |
030315689b0044784cf2e88134393f2765ad36a4382bfa619beac4df2e5dff02 | owners worry about inflation | Businesses are pessimistic AND uncertain.
Reuters ‘9-10 [Reuters; September 10; news agency present in 200 locations worldwide, citing the National Federation of Independent Business; U.S. News and World Report, “US Small Business Sentiment Ebbs in August Amid Rising Uncertainty,” https://money.usnews.com/investing/news/articles/2024-09-10/us-small-business-sentiment-ebbs-in-august-amid-rising-uncertainty]
confidence fell amid uncertainty of election and weak sales the market lackluster uncertainty is rising the stock market expressing unease owners worry about inflation job s have declined rise in compensation owners could not fill in Job creation continued to decline slowdown in payrolls |
0073dd983caac8ec90f506bb9082c2728320da3041f4c18412e79c084529bd9f | Dutch court ruling oil futures | Novel & reverse causal data proves.
Norman & Schlenker ’24 – Ray A. Goldberg Professor of the Global Food System Harvard Kennedy School of Government; Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) Research Fellow, Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) (Maya Norman & Wolfram Schlenker; “Empirical Tests of the Green Paradox for Climate Legislation”; Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc; NBER Working Paper Series, 2024-05; https://doi.org/10.3386/w32405; 01-29-2024; NC)
We provide novel evidence on Green Paradox Climate bills limit daily oil price data and market estimates of probability bill will pass prices respond to release of new info daily variation overcome reverse causality challenges we link changes in oil futures to salience of climate policy find highly significant negative relationship high magnitude surprise ruling of a Dutch Court associated with significant negative price prediction market show persistence Effects continuously increase for 24 months |
0472a25297b03f841874ce9145cf6bb636abaf19036fd1ccb58a9bcdc21b7a3f | Haydn Belfield | That locks in existential risks---democracies solve them.
Belfield ’23 [Haydn; 2023; Research Associate and Academic Project Manager at the University of Cambridge’s Centre for the Study of Existential Risk; How Worlds Collapse: What History, Systems, and Complexity Can Teach Us About Our Modern World and Fragile Future, “Collapse, Recovery, and Existential Risk,” p. 74-76]
totalitarian states more war-prone , less cooperative , and inhibit progress Totalitarian bad at forecasting risks extinction major wars Miscalc particular problem for totalitarian due to personalization raising chance of w m d all risks require coop such as pandemics climate AI or biotech |
046cee85e284bb34cbb502744edc87aaef3168c8c020a5d0b1ec81c114ada2e2 | anomalies funding list | Only a Full-Yr C.R. checks Defense cuts---averts mandatory sequestration and permits a “anomalies funding list”.
N.L.I.H.C. – March 3rd – ’25 – National Low Income Housing Coalition - White House Sends “Anomalies” List to Congress as Republican Leaders Push for Full-Year Continuing Resolution – Take Action! - Mar 03, 2025 - https://nlihc.org/resource/white-house-sends-anomalies-list-congress
Johnson put together a year-long CR The current CR slated to expire March 14 Without another the government will shutdown. under a full-year CR the White House may request Congress provide “anomalies,” tacked on to the level funding provided through the CR. under the F R A without a agreement the budget may be subject to “sequestration,” sequestration would disproportionately hit defense which would face a $40 billion cut . The threat to defense spending is motivating a work-around auto cuts would be “turned off” under a full-year CR . |
0275d83937017fe9a68ada57b3a261aea33396bf7d7d0bbcc546caaaac1bb5dc | Feaver 24 | Trump re-election causes extinction---great-power-wars, U.S. belligerency, AND trade collapse.
Feaver 24, PhD, Professor of Political Science. (Peter, 2-19-2024, “The Real Challenge of Trump 2.0,” Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/real-challenge-trump-20)
Trump 2.0 far less likely to restrain impulses changes in the geopolitical environment Trump acting in a far more disordered world major hot wars eastern Europe Mid East growing risk conflict across Taiwan Strait and S C S escalating tensions with Iran and No Ko other crises unruly world demands leadership Trump shred international trade pair retreat with dramatic military action conduct strikes against Iran result in geopolitical instability and a power vacuum |
0322db37f8a2022fa6bcd3104c72cf0a48635efca0d5726a7752a47a53c86290 | Fed credibility and expertise | That experimental policymaking shores up Fed credibility and expertise necessary to avoid a slew of existential risks.
Peter Conti-Brown & David Wishnick 21. Assistant Professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and Nonresident Fellow in Economics Studies at the Brookings Institution. Academic Fellow at the University of Pennsylvania Law School Center for Technology, Innovation & Competition. “Technocratic Pragmatism, Bureaucratic Expertise, and the Federal Reserve.” The Yale Law Journal. Vol. 130. No. 3. https://www.yalelawjournal.org/feature/technocratic-pragmatism-bureaucratic-expertise-and-the-federal-reserve#_ftnref10
some advocate expansion of its powers to new problems , such as climate Fed should not fear acting at outer edge of authority Failures to develop new expertise undermine ability to deliver mandates “ technocratic pragmatism to live up to Congress’s ambitions its ambit must change encourages experimentation requires guardrails focus away from coercive powers focuses on how the Fed should develop expertise to address new challenges that at present are not at the core of agency but loom menacingly These are existential threaten global security climate pandemics financial crises racism , cybersecurity and others require creative solutions time is running out agencies develop from experience enacting policy into future policymaking build expertise to be effective implementors of policy experimentalist Fed would embrace goal evolution responsive to complex problems permits Fed to anticipate , mitigate resolve existential threats |
0318b9f66b2415ed556852de50777a1b2c4bf31845890ec79728116c36221a3c | Abolition ecology and environmental harm | The alt is abolition ecology. It solves the case.
Stephens-Griffin 22 – Nathan Stephens-Griffin is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Sciences at Northumbria University. (“Embracing ‘Abolition Ecology’: A Green Criminological Rejoinder,” 2 Nov 2022, pg. 438-439)
the project of abolition ecology brings together core themes revealing and actively resisting the interconnectivity of racism capitalism and environmental harms the goal of abolition ecology is to push forward deliberate organising and theorising against white supremacist logics that produce uneven racial development within land and property relations the project of abolition ecology imagines creates and builds new institutions and processes producing access to fresh air clean water sufficient land amelioration of toxic chemicals and beyond the notion of place is crucial we participate in a larger liberatory project The carceral spaces of prisons detention centres overpoliced estates and communities exist in opposition to the goal of ecological liberation but are also all spaces in which people of colour are disproportionately represented |
039eae3bc1a5839217047b52be13614d10dc3db2f4e315eed2887d5d3e7fe13b | new wind and solar | Cost reductions ensure profitability.
Stefanie Burgahn 22. (Institute Manager at the Mannheim Institute for Sustainable Energy Studies, "Renewable energy sources are more profitable than ever." University of Mannheim. 8/1/2022. https://www.uni-mannheim.de/en/news/renewable-energy-sources-are-more-profitable-than-ever/) Roy
new study shows plants can be operated profitably reason cost reductions through tech innovations the share of renewable energy has been rising costs of new wind and solar have declined faster than revenues led to an increase in profitability Each system provides experiences that lead to cost reductions , which lead to deployment High prices for fossil fuels reinforce findings of the study expansion of wind and solar sustainable and economical |
016c5bcf08926d22665c8cf1030ccd3930aa4e56825277b722abd19df96be497 | Trump chaotic foreign policy | 2---They’re wrong---Harris and Trump are two different beasts
Vinjamuri 24 [Leslie Vinjamuri, professor of international relations at SOAS University of London, director of the U.S. and the Americas program at Chatham House, “What Another Trump-Biden Showdown Means for the World,” Foreign Policy, 01-03-24, https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/01/03/us-elections-2024-trump-biden-policy-diplomacy-china-europe/]
Some argue choice between candidates insignificant when it comes to foreign policy reason to be wary vastly oversimplifying . Trump’s style chaotic , and disruptive . Biden pursued high-level diplomacy to manage tensions and prevent accidents from leading to conflict risk is greater when executive authority over foreign policy continued to increase oversight has diminished scope for president to alter foreign policy is considerable Trump pull U S out of major multilateral org s with little pushback from Congress 2024 election foreshadow stark fork in road for U.S. foreign policy consequential difference of diplomatic practice Washington take irreversible steps toward isolationism if Trump returns next U.S. president present choice between radically different visions for world order |
02161726ec3bcf041a45dda4489a5739b33e4204a87ad7a6772e751a87c87f8e | CBAM drives change | There’s momentum now. Border-adjusteded tax compels follow through.
Bistline 24
approach reliant on subsidies has received mixed response tensions unlikely to disappear CBAM drive change in other countries U.S. influences climate policy abroad through credibility in negotiations and reducing costs of low-carbon tech |
0353ed3a37f29845fe2fa282afeded670b9cd7d8d24665f2ed42912e1420b813 | John Cushman | Specifically, the plan will get horsetraded. That kills solvency.
John Cushman 18. Staff writer at Inside Climate, former board of governors of the National Press Club and professor at Vermont Law School. “Carbon Tax and the Art of the Deal: Time for Some Horse-Trading.” Inside Climate. July 25, 2018. https://insideclimatenews.org/news/25072018/republican-carbon-tax-bill-carlos-curbelo-congress-climate-change-regulation-highway-funding-gas-trade-offs/
legislation in Congress to put a tax on carbon even those who spoke approvingly refer to it as a conversation For the bill to have any chance, it’ll have to start some horse-trading Without some give and take likely to go nowhere spend the money for raw political appeal modernizing highways horse-trading especially intense attempt to bridge profound political divisions To gain support increase the share recycled through tax cuts tax swap act of political pragmatism environmentalists bristle expected to produce only modest emissions reductions |
035e17cee9618cdcbd8311dbbf7d7b05f3310cb62d5f74782afd6b7fde284e0c | ungovernability is organized | When we stop and stand in the violence of the world that hates us, we become nobodies in the safety of an atmosphere of voilence
Stanley 21 [Eric A. Stanley, Stanley is the Haas Distinguished Chair in LGBT Equity and an associate professor in the Department of Gender and Women’s Studies at the University of California, Berkeley where they are also affiliated with the Program in Critical Theory., “River of Sorrow,” in ATMOSPHERES OF VIOLENCE STRUCTURING ANTAGONISM AND THE TRANS/QUEER UNGOVERNABLE, Introduction, Durham and London: Duke University Press, isbn 9781478013303, Bittner]
atmospheres summon colonization not simply gendered and racialized force but thick fog allows us to know little else Thinking atmospherically reminds there is no escape outside or place to hide through struggle collective life might come to be harm is coupled with, and intensified through equality central to modernity contingent upon violence’s continuation the liberal state can never be anything other an engine of brutality This opens up histories and futures of interdependency otherwise—a post-politics for the end of the world overkill produce an ontological limit of trans/queer subjectivity from chattel slavery to Pulse racial capitalism produces meaning and profits collectivizing practices offers an alternative to democracy becoming ungovernable—gender fugitives on the run by provoking unintelligibility — illustrates fierce strategies necessary for being a “ nobody against the state .” Against relentless violence becoming ungovernable, offer a way through in the U S less bad becomes the only freedom If the attempt to a more perfect democracy is the order under which deadly force expands, ungovernability becomes an abolitionist way of life. Sylvia Rivera’s climb to the top of a terf -swarmed stage and her “Revolution now!” opened, by desecrating the political, cleared a path through brutality she knew as democracy’s nonchoice Ungovernability finds legal application in the court system as a charge for who live in refusal being beyond that system is to find safe passage out liberation as guerrilla warfare destitute the state refusal open possibility after options disappeared materiality of survival was never singular . intimacy of aid — offered wayward community networks of care help us learn “It’s easy to be free.” ungovernability is organized yet improvisational that revels in pleasure to collectivize refusal to “get together and abolish what is going on. undoes incremental personhood minor acts building (end of the) world while allowing for life to fill it that reminds we never struggle alone unfinished experiment in collective action builds on itself, as pedagogies of rebellion always do getting ungovernable is a map for, “becoming liberated as we speak.” There will be widespread melting of Antarctic ice shelves even if the world achieve most ambitious climate targets mitigation of emissions hav little-to-no effect If glaciers melt sea level increase 5.3 meters warm waters melting shelves is of concern Even under 1.5 ℃ Amundsen Sea heat up three times faster Ocean warming and ice- melting are not sensitive to emissions Even if we mitigate emissions reduction would not be noticeable for decades, damage may be irreversible |
00dc30871ed92181ca2035ea5191b0797b7e261e48aaed30504a2571adcedc2b | Trump will win | Toss up favors Trump.
Douthat 9-6, Opinion Columnist for the New York Times with over a decade of experience writing on politics (Ross Douthat, September 6, 2024, “Why I Still Think Trump Will Win,” New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/06/opinion/trump-victory.html)
why expect the coin to fall Trump ? if Harris were on track she be leading decisively And yet isn’t if current dead heat is her ceiling regard Trump as a favorite polling errors in 16 and 20 led Trump’s overperforming Dem overeager to tell pollsters how they’re voting creates survey problems |
0045256964426c8822cb65a516a78945a6bf28109c706e88d79fcbcebaec0bee | David Keith geoengineering emissions | Their CP doesn’t address the root cause of warming emissions. – Their card doesn’t assume David Keith, the creator of this theory, still wants us to reduce global carbon emissions.
Justin Mikulka 18, Director of Communications at Oilfield Witness , BS in Engineering from Cornell, DeSmog, " Warning of Solar Geoengineering's Dangers, Group Recommends a Global Ban," Dec 9, 2018, https://www.desmog.com/2018/12/09/warning-dangers-solar-radiation-management-geoengineering-global-ban/, Accessed: 09-29-2024 ~ WZE
Earth’s climate is warming because greenhouse gases with carbon dioxide topping that list solar radiation management does not address drivers o climate change would mask warming temporarily Geoengineering perpetuates false belief that we need techno-fixes Even David Keith , shares concern this work distract from required efforts to reduce global carbon emissions. |
03081e8e77b4acdeb88661fd5e3a0748f92d0dce2c906df092eeca2257f93430 | PLARF protect missiles | Alert levels are kept exceptionally low.
Wu ’22 [Riqiang; 2022; Associate Professor of International Studies at the Renmin University of China, Ph.D. in Political Science from Tsinghua University; International Security, “Assessing China-U.S. Inadvertent Nuclear Escalation,” vol. 46 no. 2]
China’s nuclear forces are kept at low alert most of China’s warheads remain separated from boosters Upon warning PLARF’s practice is to protect rather than launch missiles close doors switch to isolated ventilation, and put on protective gear doctrine does not require China retaliate immediately By extending decision-making time demands on China’s NC3 can be significantly reduced |
037147668f0126e3f93b9629734d6c9b22c2d21cd30d0ecfeef7d84f74814c05 | Schröpf et al. 23 | Socialism or economic shock fails to halt pollution—market liberalization massively lowered emissions by increasing production complexity– empirics of 27 former socialist states.
Schröpf et al. 23 (Benedikt Schröpf, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg School of Business, Economics and Society. Master’s degree in International Economics at the University of Regensburg. Florian Bucher, PhD student at Andrássy University Budapest, Lucas Scheu, Andrássy University Budapest. "Economic complexity and environmental pollution: Evidence from the former socialist transition countries." Empirica (2023): 1-41. April 28, 2023)
This study examines decline of emissions in t former socialist countries after the fall of the iron curtain. since the results for production and consumption-based emissions are similar , we can discard offshoring as a factor our findings suggest that more complex products influenced the EKC advocates of radical interventions degrowth proponents of market-based solutions demand more sustainable growth The underlying question whether we can overcome the trade-off between pollution and prosperity Since products with more environmental benefits are more complex more complex products reduce pollution former socialist countries experienced a major shock that impacted their development After the fall and deindustrialization countries underwent a structural transformation Countries that opened their increasingly liberalized markets exhibited increased knowledge and capabilities . This resulted in higher complexity countries that did not exhibited opposite dynamics |
03382f023543582b7b099a573d7d4d46f95643c755f0b32b6b25b64d4a237770 | definition of policy | B—‘Policy’ by itself could just be proposed.
Facciola 11, Judge, United States District Court, District of Columbia (John Facciola, 2011, “Rayming Chang v. United States,” United States District Court for the District of Columbia, No. 02-2010, University of Kansas Libraries, Lexis)
" policy " means "[a] principle or action adopted or proposed as desirable by a government |
038d7fd61b0f594e9f2d81cb7963f166d306ba4008738a4ba08aea3cdc1eb219 | neoliberal consumption | The 1AC’s sonic method is an effect of the repetition economy. The remix and repeat of performances have become a method of social control through the emphasis on neoliberal consumption and accumulation under the subjectivity of the collector.
Di Leo 18, Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences @ UHouston-Victoria. (Jeffrey R. 2018, “Late Capitalism on Vinyl: Neoliberalism, Biopolitics, and Music,” CR: The New Centennial Review 18, no. 2, doi:10.14321/crnewcentrevi.18.2.0107,)
music is trapped and preserved Recording has always been a means of social control allows power to not just “enact its legitimacy” but also to stockpile memory of its power revolutionized through recording but also music goes to essence of Western technology’s transition from representation to repetition coupled with the stockpiling of power through the revolution in recording music is transformed into a unique type of commodity to become a stockpileable consumer product talk less about content and expression than biopolitical economy of music heralded by stockpiling more about consumption of music and the industry that emerges music became an industry, and its consumption ceased to be collective Music announces the entry of the sign into the general economy we can see music become a commodity that would be overturned by “repetition,” first repetition was money Recorded music contains use-time was being stockpiled, while in fact what was being stockpiled was coded noise with a specific ritual function, or use-time” people must devote their time to producing the means to buy recordings losing not only their own time, but also the time required to use other people’s time Stockpiling becomes a substitute, for use . People buy more records than they can listen to. They stockpile what they want to find the time to hear. repetitive distribution also fosters an ideal of health, or life people no longer talk They hear noises of the commodities dreams of sociality and transcendence dwell purity silencing drives and reducing it to silence they have nothing more to say because it no longer has a meaningful discourse because spectacle is now only one form of repetition among others prelude to a cold social silence history of noise control says much about political order Dylan Public Enemy no more or less political than any other music Homo musicus merges with Homo economicus destruction of old codes and the emptying of its meaning stockpiling allows new type of satisfaction or pleasure pleasure of stockpiling Thus replicated man” can produce pleasure at will by simply spinning some vinyl or just collecting it describes the growth of this industry characterized b neoliberal thought namely statistical methods but also on technology changes what economics means those who resist neoliberalism but collect records like animal rights advocate who enjoys good steak starting point to consider the resurgence of records and resiliency of neoliberalism |
02b8165cc632615071d68c90ee043a3e28519aa2ce1c0be16293c9be40c85bda | carbon tax price increase | Causes unsustainable price increases
Feldman 19, [Sarah Feldman is a Data Journalist at Ipsos based in Paris, Ile-de-France. Previously, Sarah was a Data Journalist at GoToMeeting and also held positions at BerlinRosen, Smith College, International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, Verité. “Any carbon tax would hit coal hard.” 10/14/2019. https://delano.lu/article/delano_any-carbon-tax-would-hit-coal-hard]//KAK
carbon tax would increase prices from coal by 214 percent |
00ddd7d09c98183df21425b7f076c332e5665bcc4ed94edae5ffaf4f4a6618f6 | Fried et al 22 | Demand effects overwhelm green paradox
Fried et al. ’22 [Stephie Fried, Arizona State University and San Francisco Fed, Kevin Novan, UC-Davis, and William B. Peterman, Federal Reserve Board of Governors, “Climate Policy Transition Risk and the Macroeconomy, 5—13—22, p. 33-35]
climate policy not only alters fossil fuels, but also clean capital that decrease demand reducing emissions Green Paradox argues owners respond by increasing supply even when allow a supply-side response the demand-side dominates If there is no carbon tax then demand would increase |
007f0cceee58e997862605568a39e4274d6d17b636fca553f2acb422aa79760c | Demos 23 | It is through this intimate investment into the fantastical power of social democracy that “hope policy rolls like tear gas into the undercommons”.
Demos 23 [Life in the Posthuman Condition. Chapter 5: “Climate Control: From Emergency to Emergence” T. J. Demos. Collection Edited by S. E. Wilmer and Audrone. Žukauskaite ISBN 978 1 3995 0529 1. 2023//Spence]
if we consider tear gas as the medium of climate emergency We face an entirely different politico-ecological calculus . counterinsurgency increasingly demands democratic authoritarian control . uprisings in Hong Kong San Juan Iraq Chile migrants crossing the border all answered with tear gas integral the response to opposition that bypasses conventional routes of negotiation . these revolutions offer important lessons for climate emergency With carbon the source is distributed, complex . tear gas grenades remain intimately intertwined, with energy, infrastructure and security . for environmentalists climate threatens civilisational collapse, attributed most immediately – and tellingly – to atmospheric carbon . urgency is misdirected . demands that governments ‘tell the truth’ about climate , ‘act now’ to decarbonise bypassi such groups as I E N which highlight racial and class climate disruption . deluded liberalism narrowly focus on carbon as the cause of emergency emptying activist rituals of traction . the generalised ‘we’ situat emergency in the near future defin it as carbon caused, as if disaster hasn’t already occurred . policy proposals reaffirm emergency without emergence green capital invites the state of exception to take command . climate emergency becomes financial insurance , redirecting towards market solutions what could otherwise be insurgency . Bolsonaro Duterte Netanyahu and Trump declare emergency of their own making shrouded in tear gas . juridico-political and military frameworks – functions as humanitarian warfare’ employed to defend power tear gas hypes safety but enacts repression its calculus of impact materialises slow violence . |
000dddcd4909441ac59d2caa0792216074beb51eb65b9d5fc1f5881c3fc4e6d7 | MBIs not replacing command and control | Literature. Experts purposefully use broad definitions of MBIs to encompass the scope of literature. The topic is MBIs vs Command and Control. Not Cap and trade vs just trade.
Stavins ’01 [Robert; November; A.J. Meyer Professor of Energy and Economic Development, PhD in economics from Harvard, MS in agricultural economics from Cornell, Director of Graduate Studies for the Doctoral Programs in Public Policy and in Political Economy and Government, Cochair of the MPP/MBA and MPA/ID/MBA Joint Degree Programs, Director of the Harvard Environmental Economics Program and the Harvard Project on Climate Agreements, Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, a University Fellow of Resources for the Future, former Chair of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Economics Advisory Board, and a member of the editorial councils of scholarly periodicals; Resources for the Future, “Experience with Market-Based Environmental Policy Instruments,” Discussion Paper 01–58]
market-based policy instruments. I define broadly charge systems tradable permits market friction reductions subsidy reductions By defining m b i broadly, I cast a large net consequence review is extensive . But this should not leave the impression m b i have come anywhere close to replacing conventional, command-and-control approach |
0451e5c2bd4baa8646c872d6edfbd14ee911e7a8a05951ea7fd27ac99549b467 | challenges accumulation | AND, shatters law’s commodity form
Fornasari 24 [Riccardo Fornasari, temporary teaching and research associate at Paris Nanterre University, former post-doc researcher at University of Bologna, PhD private law, University of Bologna and University of Paris Nanterre, LLM Dickson Poon School of Law, King’s College London, “The legal form of climate change litigation,” Journal of Law and Political Economy, forthcoming 2024, https://hal.science/hal-04431595/]
huge difference between regulations redistribut resources and directly contrast with accumulation does not make a system anticapitalist However it is an anomaly plaintiff asks for monetary compensation loss is evaluated in terms of exchange value may be decisions that do not favor the powerful but legal form is based on commodity form because of this cannot usually have anti-systemic applications neoliberal constitutional law structures the State anti-systemic when p laintiffs do not claim reparation but force to comply with climate mitigation has a specific outcome, irrespective of economic effects demand is radically alien to the commodity form concerns the whole capitalist cycle of production and directly challenges accumulation when argument is framed through the individual risk of individualization from mobilization of rights is reversed no correspondence between legal personality and rights protected , which exceed the individual Even though mediated through law's language a non-reformist reform |
0156656d3f2d0b4d95ece2c1c15210c1e6de934512c11140fc4c1ba8eb13a232 | biotech market 2.44 trillion | Petit zeroes uniqueness for the whole thing! It rose before rate cuts, and will rise after. OR, structural factors overwhelm.
Zelie Petit 24, M.A in Strategy, Cybersecurity, and Intelligence from John Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, “The Strategic Imperative of Biotechnology: Implications for U.S. National Security”, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 9-27-24, https://www.csis.org/blogs/strategic-technologies-blog/strategic-imperative-biotechnology-implications-us-national, DOA: 10-22-24, JA
intelligence (AI) are increasingly transforming biotechnology, especially in fields like defense Biotech poses risks population enhancement and the creation of biological agents boosting innovation is crucial 2023, the global biotechnology market was valued at $1.55 trillion. It is projected to reach $2.44 trillion by 2028, and $3.88 trillion by 2030. |
017b2a3b120b5901bb38afae1af41703b9eb9520bc0ae9ec947fb56e9717b032 | Schumer's statements irrelevant | Schumer’s statements are irrelevant.
Mackler 24 – Executive Director of the Energy Program at the Bipartisan Policy Center.
Despite enormous potential Schumer made headlines saying he believed permitting reform was unlikely to become law this year Very quickly leading advocates expressed their continuing commitment Despite the spin Schumer noted his interest |
0246bc2cb35e84c7b6290786a13f95d542be9dc85a05f755190495af8b99f0e5 | environmental policy impacts energy | Environmental policy has significant energy effects, but that doesn’t make it energy policy. They blow open the floodgates to any indirect effects.
Emily Cox et al. 16, Emily Cox, research associate at the University of Oxford in the Smith School, part of the CO2RE Greenhouse Gas Removal Hub; Sarah Royston, Senior Research Fellow at the Global Sustainability Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, former researcher at DEMAND centre at University of Sussex and Association for the Conservation of Energy, interdisciplinary social scientist focusing on energy governance, demand and everyday life, PhD in Social Policy from University of York; Jan Selby, Professor of Politics and International Relations at the University of Sheffield, research focuses on international political ecology of water, climate and energy, published in Review of International Studies and Middle East Report, “The Impacts of Non-Energy Policies on the Energy System: A Scoping Paper,” UK Energy Research Centre, 11/2016, p. 100
understanding of ‘energy is broad includes the energy lifecycle non-energy policies’ refers to all other sectors These effect energy but are not designed to Non-energy environmental policy (air pollution, water and forestry) impact various sources of CO2 There is plenty of research on the ‘nexus’ of water , food and energy air pollution policy impact energy congestion policies as an example air pollution policies on extractive industries the impact of water policies on energy the impact of flood defences and flood policies on resilience of energy networks |
032edef5bb866e6c2057d403e4767db5e8707cf63029cbd6ea679327c83c8d5f | economic crisis game changer | New collapse drives social innovations that solve the transition
Loorbach, et al, 16—DRIFT, Erasmus University, Rotterdam (Derk, with Flor Avelino, DRIFT, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Alex Haxeltine, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Julia M. Wittmayer, DRIFT, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Tim O'Riordan, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Paul Weaver, LUCSUS, Lund University, and René Kemp, ICIS, Maastricht University, “The economic crisis as a game changer? Exploring the role of social construction in sustainability transitions,” Ecology and Society 21(4):15)
across the world a wide range of innovations are experiencing a new boost in response to crisis Time banking is highly versatile the concept contains “a potential to reverse value priorities time banking has spread to all continents time banking has been framed as a response to recession the transition towns movement has spread internationally These pioneer alternative economic solutions different innovations can spur and empower one another such an initiative can adapt its narrative in the face of new game changers Should circumstances shift even more into economic grittiness transformative social innovation will flourish |
039a50a45b2e60b07f83d1c0efd2bc4e16dd3df3203c77410b2048d62a275893 | Youth are too diverse | 2. POLYLITHIC---the youth are too diverse AND care about too much to focus on the plan.
Ginsberg ’24 [Kei Kawashima; July 11; contributor; US News, “Youth Are Turned Off by the 2024 Election. We Can Still Engage and Mobilize Them,” https://www.usnews.com/opinion/articles/2024-07-11/youth-are-turned-off-by-the-2024-election-we-can-still-engage-and-mobilize-them]
Youth Have Diverse Priorities inflation cost of living are top issue young notable for caring about gun violence abortion justice , immigration and debt half are of color and 1 in 5 are LGBTQ experiences run gamut people face deeper barriers to voting because race ethnicity or education |
03f9655cd3a5d797dc68f74189ae9aa8e92c77d04a5a5b52629ae8334448d0de | disasters, pandemics, terror | That fends off a list of existential threats.
Keilitz ’19 [Ingo, Katharine Jennings, Susan Ehrlich, Caroline Broun, Kathryn Floyd, and Michael Buenger; Winter 2019; PhD, Former Vice President of the National Center for State Courts, Principal of Court Metrics, and visiting Scholar of the Public Policy Program at the College of William & Mary, Research Associate of W&M’s Global Research Institute; Court Manager, “Courts Have a Significant Role to Play in the Whole-of- Government Approach (WGA) to Our Safety and Security,” vol. 34]
Courts must get ready for a riskier world We face disasters , pandemics , terror bio and cyber threats warrant attention to mitigate risks a system’s records vanish undercutting finality and certainty cohesion frays. actors take advantage of ensuing political chaos threats require a broad approach across all branches executive , legislative “Will we survive we have tech to destroy every creature on earth warming famine , nuc war , a w s , and decimation of species |
00c33141ec6d793fafbb1aa9f4fb690be0306e71f04eded4aeb2d19fd5c83030 | clean energy supply essential | Particularly, a lack of renewable sourcing will force the US to go abroad to secure rare earths, producing a supply shortfall.
Stratte 24, JD, Partner at Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP (Martin Stratte, June 13, 2024, “Securing America’s Critical Materials Supply Chains and Economic Leadership,” https://democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/democrats-energycommerce.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/Witness%20Testimony_Stratte_ENV_Critical%20Minerals%20Supply%20Chain_06.13.2024.pdf)
America needs secure supplies of critical materials and at the same time protect the environment critical materials are associated with clean energy including wind and solar having steady supply is essential There are no substitutes for these materials If they’re not in the U S there are two options source them from other countries or prepare for an inevitable return to the horse and buggy Sourcing the majority of materials from other countries is not sustainable We have the ability to process domestic materials in the U.S. , |
0397f3f6edd6248d0f44509bdc8f10652702f16ae0d9e4b5b53883a91e11ea68 | China pacifist tendencies | Mutual interest and public support.
Kim 21 [Patricia M. Kim, Ph.D. in politics from Princeton University, senior policy analyst on China at the United States Institute of Peace, “Enhancing U.S.-China Strategic Stability in an Era of Strategic Competition | Nuclear Forces and Strategic Stability: US Perspective,” 04/26/21, United States Institute of Peace, https://www.usip.org/publications/2021/04/enhancing-us-china-strategic-stability-era-strategic-competition]
mutual intere st in stability and neither seeks conflict serves as a restraint on US-China escalation the public views domestic issues not war, as priorities Chinese nationalistic sentiments are paired with pacifist tendencies war would jeopardize “national rejuvenation |
024ee9baeea7cbc99ece8cd5f1d06d7a0a6ff6c28f1d58684722c86a03bee17f | logistic resistance through the state | Logistic resistance through the state is key
Abraham DeLeon 12, Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction, University of Connecticut, M.A. History, University of Connecticut, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership & Policy Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, “Against the Grain of the Status Quo: Anarchism behind Enemy Lines”, Chapter 17 in “Anarchist Pedagogies”, http://rebels-library.org/files/anarchistpedagogies.pdf //hhb (go dawgs)
Infiltration operating behind enemy lines can be tactic when thinking about current institutional realities institutional Cracks have emerged through decades of war and imperial aggression by the West . It is under these conditions resistance needs to be conceptualized exploiting “cracks demonstrates dated narratives of revolutionary struggle are no longer viable these may reproduce the current order Sabotage is a tactic anarchists need to rethink How do we deal with contradictions of being located within institutions that seek to discipline bodies How do we sabotage these machines Anarchists should think about the idea of infiltration as guiding to think about praxis within institutional realities always looking for cracks radicals may think of this as “selling out,” I want to reframe working within institutions as infiltration machine will continue to produce disciplined fractured subject unless they are subverted the State is invested in destroying social movements State agents have a tremendous amount of authority vestiges from our protest past seem wholly inadequate Despite this reality for some of us privileged enough to theorize about issues, this can be a place to build political strategies that are adaptable |
01be4569f5553f811ce90b35de723560a65ab5076268e26358840d2d962738ae | clean standards effective | Concedes market reform, carbon pricing, energy efficiency, and clean standards for electricity and vehicle are effective---California proves.
Buller 22 (Adrienne Buller is Director of Research at Common Wealth, a UK-based progressive think tank focused on the political economy of ownership. 2022, “The Value of a Whale: On the Illusions of Green Capitalism”, Manchester University Press) Adrian
carbon pricing frequent bedfellow offsetting failed to achieve progress sim- plicity’ of carbon price thwarted by mess- iness of reality carbon tax predeter- mined cost per carbon applied in various ways ETS many large firms extracted enormous profits from mechanism rather than polluter pays’ principle in practice carbon pricing inverted logic polluters frequently profit EU’s ETS decreased emissions between 0% and 2% contribution 3.8% over 15 years emissions reductions result of switching from coal to natural gas rather than decarbonised technologies or nnovation’ rent controls venting carbon prices from working prevent landlords from hiking rents to reflect investment in solar panels In Canada carbon price challenged by carbon-intensive industries political hostility left unwillingness to pursue carbon pricing carbon pricing repealed three years later in California promising emissions reductions turned out to be the result of investments in energy efficiency and ‘clean standards’ for electricity and vehicles |
0161b82f27fc098184d2d05abb8bf6a83974b39e96457897d97eae67c006e6e0 | state regulation federal lands not preempted | Solves federal lands – specificity matters – requiring compliance rather than categorical ban avoids preemption
Biber 16 --- Eric, law prof @ Berkeley, environmental and natural resources law, administrative law, and property. Prior to joining Berkeley in 2006, he worked as a litigator in the Denver office of Earthjustice, a public-interest nonprofit organization specializing in public lands and other environmental cases. Biber taught public lands law as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law in fall 2005. He is a member of both the Colorado and California bars. Biber earned a master’s of environmental science with a focus in conservation biology from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies and a J.D. from Yale Law School. Following law school, Biber clerked for Judge Carlos Lucero of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver and Judge Judith Rogers of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit., 9/20/16, http://legal-planet.org/2016/09/20/state-regulation-of-environmental-harms-on-federal-lands/
Court indicates substantial authority for states to act not preempted by federal aw key factors answering future questions about whether state environmental reg s on federal lands are preempted rules are likely to be upheld a statute is less likely to be preempted to the extent it : Regulates only particular methods or requires compliance with standards rather than banning an activity entirely Is justified based on specific environmental harms it is fairly clear new laws regulations and permits will be upheld if are challenged the law does not flatly prohibit all mining in the state it can allow mining where the mining will not impair environmental quality |
00ad31a925c98ef9aeb3654492113d31fc247a5a51aed1f03b1a80c9acfe96be | Trump challenge Biden offshore drilling | 3. Trump restores OSD inevitably. SCOTUS will rule for him.
David Mercer and Esme Stallard 25. “Biden bans offshore drilling across vast area of US.” BBC. Jan. 6, 2025. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvg6dg30vq0o.
Trump will challenge Biden's move A final decision could be made by the Supreme Court which has a majority Republican s |
01dbd78d88c0897eb54683b9e374ddb7a82d627fd3f45096ed746cdf98f534d1 | Pricing models overestimate emissions reductions | Pricing models consistently overestimate achievable emissions reductions. Adjustments are too little, too late.
Tvinnereim & Mehling '18 – Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Bergen; Professor at the University of Strathclyde Law School and Deputy Director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (Endre Tvinnereim, Michael Mehling; "Carbon pricing and deep decarbonisation"; Energy Policy, Volume 121, 2018, Pages 185-189, ISSN 0301-4215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.06.020; 2018; NC)
IPCC ) presented models consistent with strictest concentration target carbon pricing already exist but effect in real world diverge from modelling Incremental abatement not good enough Because of -lived nature g h a stabilisation requires net emissions to decline to zero . emissions to cease requires systemic transformation of economy Policies influencing decisions at the margin prove unsuited to scale of cli c |
03368e4c678a4b8da6e3d43d69e0e2fe97dd37a5f72b3c3e902e06379063a38f | Congressional review act | a) GOP would target the plan with the Congressional Review Act---only requires a simple majority to permanently roll the plan back---if they win ‘no link’, vote neg on presumption
Cara Cook 24, Director of Programs for the Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments, 7/12/24, “The Congressional Review Act and Threats to Environmental Health Explained,” https://envirn.org/cra-explained/
most threatening to environment efforts is C R A to increase oversight over agency actions joint resolution of disapproval earns majority vote rule is overturned no new rule substantially the same can be reissued unless authorized by law when passing reg s on any issue deemed threat to environment Congress has power to propose resolution of disapproval Given perceived threat environmental reg s have on the economy resolutions gain momentum if passed reg s immediately overturned we can see CRAs mobilized for reg s including climate change |
03f0db8a38bfeeb60775ffa1a80e40217386597c0d8f744dda6f049551aa4b2f | terrorists cannot make nukes | No nuclear terror.
Fettweis 19, Associate Professor of Political Science at Tulane and Ph.D. from the University of Maryland in US Foreign Policy (Christopher J. Fettweis, 2019, “Pessimism and Nostalgia in the Second Nuclear Age,” Strategic Studies Quarterly, University of Kansas Libraries, Lib Key)
nuc s have remained beyond capabilities of the terrorist . The fear knowledge and tech would become accessible remained a dream . Nor does there appear a reservoir of material waiting Given complexities with nuc s for amateurs expect a few failures public is aware of no attempts to construct, steal, or purchase much less detonate one |
045da7cb4b53777ff8ce7b2a9f4159f20e1c5483ef6100b4048b2a699a97e1bf | Failure to contain shadow banking | Failure to contain shadow banking zeroes solvency.
Christina Parajon Skinner 21. Assistant Professor, The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. “Central Banks and Climate Change”. Vanderbilt Law Review Vol. 74:5:1301. 2021. https://wp0.vanderbilt.edu/lawreview/wp-content/uploads/sites/278/2021/10/Central-Banks-and-Climate-Change.pdf
Fed action drive migration of financial activity outside banking sector Increasing capital requirements not extinguish those investments That happened following Basel III, prompting considerable concern over shadow banking Fed has less oversight |
04603269bdd8e52c55d6c1309b49088e89bb7c5f5973d676b4113d04ea63d36a | renewables outpace demand | Global renewables are up now
IEA 24 – an autonomous intergovernmental organization that provides the world’s leading information on energy.
Renewables are growing rapidly to outpace demand growth clean energy should reduce fossil fuels to account for half the world’s electricity generation by 2026 overtaking coal thanks to huge momentum with cheap solar these are very promising trends renewables push emissions into structural decline |
042fcd2b50aa588dadf5a4c4ed0f05844cc01e6a379983ea9ad861a814ff1bc5 | Raju and Wan 24 | 4 – Israel will conduct NC3 attacks, causing miscalc by Russia and China – goes nuclear.
Nivedita Raju & Wilfred Wan 24, Nivedita Raju, Researcher at SIPRI Weapons of Mass Destruction programme; Wilfred Wan, Director of SIPRI Weapons of Mass Destruction Programme, PhD, “Escalation Risks at the Space–Nuclear Nexus,” SIPRI Research Policy Paper, February 2024, https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2024-02/2402_rpp_space-nuclear_nexus.pdf
disruption of GNSS is increasing attributed to Israeli forces in Gaza designations affect the calculus for escalation Given competition and potential to be drawn into confrontation there is high scope for escalation including nuclear use analysis exhibits unprecedented worst-case scenario thinking red lines become blurred due to uncertainties escalation emerges, including nuclear in cyber with grave consequences for all |
02cadc0da6ff213951869f87cd44d1bce910084e6bcb61a5f3e050c558e10854 | oil and gas industry communication | The aff props up dirty oil – natural gas reinforces carbon lock-in and is a convenient messaging tool for the same corporations that have caused every environmental problem in the first place – this is as much a clean energy policy as it is hegemonic consolidation for the fossil fuel industry
Si et al ’23 – School of Public Policy & Urban Affairs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
Promoting natural gas as beneficial for the energy transition reinforces carbon lock-in , delaying the transition BP and Shell focus attention on tech to reduce emissions, reliability and willingness to be partners in the transition the oil and gas industry accepts the existence of climate change but justifies inaction or inadequate efforts hegemonic power is central industry's climate obstruction ideology downplays the need for radical and transformational climate solutions and delays climate action reproducing hegemony and delaying action avoid social and political sanction large multinational oil and gas companies influence policy communication approach linking renewables to natural gas delay the energy transition and obstruct climate action policy implications raises the need for assessment of the oil and gas industry's communication and transformational change public messaging delay more impactful regulatory measures and transformative changes interdependence has not been matched by advance in forecasting and modeling that give operators better understanding Power have trouble securing gas fed prioritize heating firm” contracts can’t structure hour to hour commitments from providers supply average amount of gas over “ nomination cycles electricity are hourly need to ramp up intraday nomination cycles don’t match Better coordination data-sharing could go a long way improving efficiency yield significant cost improvements reliable service . gas delivery contract a key barrier to operators penalties may not solve a key problem how to encourage them to invest No stopgap efforts get at the underlying disconnect these two systems don’t talk to each other , and becoming increasingly intertwined The U.S. grid is very reliable 99.95% The cause of an outage typically is not related to bulk power like a tree limb falling any individual line can fail, and the grid stays online seamlessly backup reserves enable the grid to quickly adapt to failure almost never loses power always enough capacity to meet demand maintained by interconnecting and sharing across large regions the first step would be better software modeling that’s not easy to come by this depth of data-sharing don’t yet exist risks are built into models . So far hasn’t seen software applied to have been positive signs grid survived its most brutal summer yet and "despite record demand avoided blackouts remarkable considering 2023 was the hottest since 1880 cyber war has yet to arrive Worst-case scenario nuclear attacks are unlikely and counterintuitive most reflect deniable oper- ations below the threshold of conflict Decades of research have laid bare We failed to witness death and destruction digital conflict is not a path toward escalation uncertainty push states toward restraint rather than war . while conflicts continue to prolifer-ate , their severity and impact will remain minor increased demand for energy and storage results in secure grids While it is acknowledged that threats becoming more coordinated it is hard to quantify how attacks are thwarted the scale , scope and complexity means it would be hard for rogue group of hackers to disrupt it. Hackers face collective response cyberattacks have alerted authorities to vulnerabilities Power operators have processes in place to prevent access and even in the unlikely event backup systems would be activated This includes self-healing capabilities that automatically recover from attacks |
00461f80cf20b04103eb4fbf91ed10e685fd54f725ecef82c21b07446fdfd42d | ECB Israel solidarity internal furor | That matters---their evidence indicates the ECB staff do NOT agree. Yes, the ECB statement was bad, but that doesn’t Apply to Lamichhane and it’s their buden.
Treeck 23 (Johanna Treeck, “ECB’s display of solidarity with Israel sparks internal furor”, https://www.politico.eu/article/ecb-israel-solidarity-hamas-war-debate-staff/,
some staff feel the ECB is taking the wrong position ECB put out a message We stand with the people of Israel showing a picture of the Israeli flag in the lobby It wasn't clear whether the post was issued in the name of the organization as a whole, of the governing council, or just the six-strong executive board. original tweet triggered a heated internal row among staff one staff member wrot I am proud the ECB is standing with Israel” |
00821542a2eccd502a5d01c8ab53e046927357f1e34e674767ca2df9936d2bcf | Sam Tenorio | The JUMP is a better analytic to undo the political forms produced by antiblack desires
Tenorio 24 (Sam C. Tenorio (he/they) is an Assistant Professor of African American Studies and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. He received his Ph.D. and M.A. degrees in African American Studies, with a subfield in Political Theory, from Northwestern University and a B.A. in History and Women’s Studies Jump Black Anarchism and Antiblack Carcerality Sam C. Tenorio · 2024 NYU Press 9781479828296, https://www.google.com/books/edition/Jump/Bb70EAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0)
Which fear is greater, the fear of the pain we know or the pain we do not? politicality of jumps rests in the practice rather than the desire, of death mobility, and destruction that confronts the system of enslavement . not to disavow the desire but to consider how jump refuses its political form . methodological approach is dictated by the archive of slavery itself Black anarchist lens distrusts the sense of agency stamp of "self-destruction runs counter to conditions of compulsion and coercion |
0219c14ce577863a07d43b8572d1a0e1053943107e4b68f432bd3dde09a02da6 | decrease in short-term consumption | No link -- RPS stabilizes natural gas generation
Avraam et al. 2021 [Charalampos Avraam, Department of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; John E.T. Bistline, Electric Power Research Institute; Maxwell Brown, National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Kathleen Vaillancourt, Esmia Consultants; Sauleh Siddiqui, Department of Environmental Science, American University, “North American natural gas market and infrastructure developments under different mechanisms of renewable policy coordination” Energy Policy, January 2021; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421520305723#sec6]
greater RPS coordination allows regions with low renewables to exploit the credits of their neighbors allowing for greater investment in gas-fired generation on aggregate natural gas is coordination assumptions Decrease in short-term consumption results in decrease of prices However, decrease in prices renders natural gas competitive for a longer period of time compared to other power tech thus increases consumption in the long-term RPS reduce the price increase investment in plants and mitigate the impact of RPS on natural gas consumption results reveal tradeoff between lower consumption but greater trade of natural gas |
022269bf9640e6b6b80cbc30b79b05a3565b34f23117702c7a00b3946f0963db | neuroscience refutes psychoanalysis | Psychoanalytic drive theory is wrong---studies of localized human brain lesions and animal self-stimulus prove
Watt 12, senior clinical Neuropsychologist at the Boston University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School (Douglas, “Theoretical challenges in the conceptualization of motivation in neuroscience: Implications for the bridging of neuroscience and psychoanalysis”, pg 85-108)
work on motivation received major impetus from localized electrical brain stimulation, which found animals selfstimulate ventral tegmental area this generates a positive state, described as hopefulness consummatory pleasure may not require ventral tegmental dopamine systems while anticipatory excitement clearly does there is no simple motivational ‘ centre ’ in the brain) as it appears after injury to structures psychoanalysis has been hampered by its allegiance to outdated drive theory Freud had no access neuroscience. A reworking of psychoanalysis, away from drive theory (which does not conceptualize social connection needs would bring psychoanalysis into register with neuroscience drive-discharge’ models cannot do justice to complexity where prototype emotions operate, as behavioural involve more complex aims attachment theory has supplanted drive theory, psychoanalysis needs to incorporate multiple prototype /affective systems. to with empirical work on neural substrates there were two large clusters of emotional systems, not ‘Eros’ and ‘Thanatos’, it was the protection of the organism versus systems that tied organisms together for a shared purpose Eros but not Thanatos |
0389e6927f9ffa09cf255f6d7adf70810aefb666bba1ef6b4c12a3c815f78a6d | water scarcity causes conflicts | INDEPENDENTLY, water scarcity causes extinction.
Hughson 23, [Lindsey Angus Hughson has a long history of success in diverse fields such as mining, diamonds, and water security. In the world of dam design and construction, Angus Hughson has emerged as a prominent figure, making significant contributions to the field through his extensive knowledge and expertise. Since 2020, Angus has published a remarkable total of ten books, each delving deep into various aspects of dam design, construction techniques, and the associated challenges and solutions. “10 Reasons Why Water Is Important for the Survival of Civilization.” 2023. https://www.bigditch.com.au/10-reasons-why-water-is-important-for-the-survival-of-civilization/]//KAK
Without consistent supply of water agricultural yields plummet , leading to famine. Water is a key component of energy production . Hydropower Healthy ecosystems are vital for maintaining ecological balance Water ensur their stability and resilience fundamental for reducing risk of waterborne illnesses , and promoting public health important role in regulating Earth’s climate water absorb and release heat more slowly helping to moderate temperature s acts as greenhouse gas sink Aquatic ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity Without adequate water vital habitats would degrade , leading to loss of biod water scarcity lead to conflicts and unrest threatening stability of nations. Water is lifeblood of civilization |
01a4f5379c4bb5dfefc183da42981aa4a0197e874d7011a72da8e23d8d40dded | food insecurity no impact | No impact on food
Shellenberger 19 – Michael, Founder and President of Environmental Progress and Co-Founder of the Breakthrough Institute.
claims of crop failure ’s sci fi Humans produce enough for 10 billion people scientific bodies predict increases not declines research does not indicate a link between food insecurity and conflict Many countries face food price or resource shocks without conflict factors determining resilience are whether food insecurity is combined with other stresses it would be too simplistic to suggest it was the primary driver |
010eaca13ca3e31389c7b1a2640874b4ade1eb3075fb7b527e2c6a97e623916c | Utopianism creates inspiring proposals | Attention to the concrete details of different political strategies is necessary. We should pay attention to how effective and realistic a strategy is, not merely whether an idea is good in the abstract.
Michael J. Albert 23, lecturer in International Relations at SOAS University of London, 28 July 2022, “Ecosocialism for Realists: Transitions, Trade-Offs, and Authoritarian Dangers,” Capitalism Nature Socialism, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 12-27, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10455752.2022.2106578.
Ecosocialists demonstrate capitalism is incapable of resolving climate crises they devote little attention to how ecosocialist transitions take place theory limited by utopian tendency Contemporary ecosocialists particularly degrowth produce idealistic visions with little analysis of dynamics that enable these visions to be realized we need a more “ realist approach that brings systematic attention to transition pathways conditions that make them attainable in the time-frame needed utopianism creati inspiring yet detached proposals with no analysis of how we get from here to there developing plausible scenarios that guide concrete praxis is one key challenge for ecosocialists lest we be guided by leaps of faith with minimal grounding A useful step is the Green New Deal a transitional platform that works with current tendencies and create longer-term conditions for more radical transitions Given intransigence of emissions-intensive consumption practices in a context of rising rightwing populism how might degrowth win popular majorities the project is nowhere near the support it needs a more measured utopianism” that highlights limits more capable of inspiring belief in new worlds . We won’t get utopia but we will witness dramatic changes proactive anticipation is essential , lest we find ourselves |
00ea955f559974810eadcffd7d8084dd1a794c006031e0b78a8388fbe09f9091 | Atlantic drilling priority | a) Atlantic drilling is the exact priority they’ll push
Ari Natter 17, Bloomberg reporter; and Jennifer A. Dlouhy, Bloomberg reporter, 10/18/17, “Republicans May Use Budget to Open Arctic, Atlantic to Oil Rigs,” https://gcaptain.com/republicans-may-use-budget-open-arctic-atlantic-oil-rigs/
drillers lobbied Trump to open other areas including mid-Atlantic waters those might be easier and cheaper than ANWR opportunity to advance energy priorities that stalled remains tempting for Republicans |
00eb1ab8b02f1e21a0b1c5330c589506c2a1335a766a1a6866e9e4372fa34786 | deterrence prevents conflict | No China war.
von Sydow 24, a China analyst at Swedish National China Centre. (Alexis, 2-23-2024, “Most Experts Agree: China Isn’t About to Invade Taiwan,” The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2024/02/most-experts-agree-china-isnt-about-to-invade-taiwan/)
Alarmist overestimate risk of war China cannot be confident to win a war Beijing sees Taiwan as part of U.S. s o i and knows attack is a attack on U.S. rivalry is kept within limits , China has little interest in provoking conflict other things matter Taiwan’s role in semiconductor would c ost trillions economic warfare would result estimates conclude consequences would hit China harder mix of deterrence, together with a managed relationship effectively prevent conflict the world remained equally peaceful while the U S cut forces throughout the 90s spending have been unrelated to stability Africa is peaceful something for which heg cannot take credit Stability exists in many places to which heg does not extend . The egocentric bias suggests U.S. policymakers overestimat their own importance None of the contributing factors interdependence , nuc s institutions democracy norms seem poised to disappear The world will continue its peaceful ways no matter what |
03a0aa3f204b709b5a7cc5be2a66cb31b8a62b94168f007901792224106fb74e | black panthers organize | The 1AC’s turn towards ‘planning’ articulated as ‘sabotage’ and ‘Undercommon’ is a mode of refusal that retreats from necessary politics and entrenches the violence they critique.
Shulman 20, professor at the Gallatin School of Individualized Study at New York University (George, 2020, “Fred Moten’s Refusals and Consents: The Politics of Fugitivity,” SAGE Journals, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0090591720937375,)
In The Undercommons politics is the “radiation” of critique inherently “ correctional enforcing the metaphysics of the subject , and antiblackness Moten declare Black Panthers practicing “ planning” as if the Panthers did not organize a party , define authority , exercise organizational power , undertake public engagements with political institutions and claim popular sovereignty Panthers endorsed a self-correction within affirmation of black value self-defense by organized power seems inherently self-defeating , I would render the inferences contestable however , does he open a space for politics otherwise? not predicated on exclusion of difference could it represent another politics ? Moten denies this After all, grand marronage Native American and Zapatista politics draw antistate frontiers to protect ante-state integrity of self-organization on nonstatist terms , to protect blackness they affirm dispossession ethically contest politically tribes, maroons, or Zapatista do not denounce sovereignty but reanimate ideas to organize self-defense democratic governance, and imagine community as a distinct political body refusing sovereign subject Moten signal undercommon is suffused by mutual care but ignores divisions by class, gender, or homophobia instead of directly addressing inequality invokes commonality that inequalities jeopardize egalitarian “modality” of sociality is not ontologically guaranteed equality requires organized struggle not only against formal white institutions but also against “informal forms” of domination demands inward and outward politics |
026f631c44953a2425fc864201b9adde7dfbfdee0b2dc7af048c668f5b5c17b0 | Not even corporate cronyism | 4---Not even corporate cronyism can impede plan solvency.
Chun 21, Engineer at Tapestry, a company working on integrating renewable electricity into the grid, B.A., Computer Science and Economics at Dartmouth University (Steven Chun, January 21, 2021, “Carbon Pricing and its Progressive Discontents,” https://blog.stevenchun.me/2021/01/Carbon-Pricing-and-its-Progressive-Discontents/)
price matters If don’t set it high because lobbyists had their way, you don’t see emissions reductions but studies show even lower prices have large effects . Another key is every year the price goes up , and even if you started low you eased into a price exceeding a hundred |
036b25e42d5f76d30a0566362e327f2b68d4081838a5baf5d5d37f858e52bf8d | Population growth damaging natural systems | 3. POPULATION GROWTH---exceeds limits and zeros efficiency gains.
Lowe ’21 [Ian; 12/10/21; Emeritus Professor of Science, Technology and Society and former Head of the School of Science at Griffith University, adjunct professor at Sunshine Coast University and Flinders University; "Population Growth," in Sustainability and the New Economics, p. 107-121]
damaging natural systems population still grow computer model analyse consequences showed limits by 2070 collapse starting by 2030 expanding population put compounding pressure on systems jeopardising our future by not reining in population growth present population already excee d limits life will collapse degrowth offer futures that could be sustainable |
03b12e1ed5b336cc4c63873877837acd269324e6acbf351f3c5f29e3603e6436 | bioenergy extinction | Bioenergy pushes us past the tipping points to be able to stop warming. Extinction.
Sterman et al. 22, *Professor of Management, and the current director of the MIT System Dynamics Group at the MIT. **Emeritus professor of international environmental policy and founding director of the Center for International Environment and Resource Policy at Fletcher. ***Founding director of the Climate Change Initiative, co-directs the Rist Institute for Sustainability and Energy, is a professor of Environmental Science at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. ****Senior modeler for Climate Interactive, has a PhD and PE license in environmental engineering. (*John Sterman, **William Moomaw, ***Juliette N. Rooney-Varga, ****Lori Siegel, 2022, “Does wood bioenergy help or harm the climate?”, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 78(3), Pgs. 128–138, https://doi.org/10.1080/00963402.2022.2062933)
wood bioenergy increases carbon accelerating global warming Even temporarily elevated levels cause irreversible climate damage excess carbon from wood begins warming immediately ice sheets melt faster sea level rises wildfires more likely permafrost thaws storms intensify more than if wood had not been burned excess warming from wood increases the chances of going beyond tipping points that lead to runaway climate change The consequences are devastating Sea levels rise exposing millions yields of crops would fall Droughts, wildfires, and intense storms more frequent and extreme Warming push the Earth beyond tipping points that lead to irreversible harm |
025ae364b28d6daa9521693eb1540ace9b1efadd4b41bfac31bb4cd8a6223e06 | No Ko sell nukes Middle East war | Revenue shortfalls cause nuclear selloffs---leads to prolif, nuke terror, and Middle East war.
Toby Dalton 21, PhD, MA, co-director and a senior fellow of the Nuclear Policy Program @ Carnegie, 4/15/2021, "The Most Urgent North Korean Nuclear Threat Isn’t What You Think", Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/04/15/most-urgent-north-korean-nuclear-threat-isn-t-what-you-think-pub-84335
No Ko is increasingly reliant on cyber attacks to generate revenue The most likely outgrowth of No Ko ’s need for cash is an increase in other dangerous behavior No Ko ’s prolif rap sheet is long Pakistan Egypt Libya Yemen Syria No Ko is not known to have transferred sensitive nuclear tech missiles weapon designs, equipment or tech or materials increasingly desperate for cash Kim could risk sales to the Mid East including terrorist s Israel would take preemptive action Israel regularly carries out strikes in Syria No Ko prolif yields a new nuclear state or catalyzes a wider conflict in the Mid East |
04009de6eb682b6e87887395af1bd11bff7b934aa8daebd39998b14290f75ec4 | clean energy definition | A CEP can just reduce consumption.
Sakata* et al 13, *Todai Policy Alternatives Research Institute, The University of Tokyo. (Ichiro*, Hajime Sasaki**, Hiroko Nakamura***, and Yuya Kajikawa****, March 31, 2013, "Maps of International Research Collaboration in Clean Energy." Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 7, no. 3: 480, https://researchmap.jp/hajime.sasaki/published_papers/14716249/attachment_file.pdf)
clean energy” is used to mean environmentally friendly energy technologies. It includes renewable energy more efficient and effective use of existing energy conservation and demand response, and related tech |
04487a60cb21d2b5808cd63c481cc7ef2871fb2d78635c935d12890f33ceaa6a | Keep It in the Ground movement | Challenging environmental injustice through state engagement is key – that includes action through the court
NoiseCat 16 (Julian Brave - enrolled member of the Canim Lake Band Tsq'escen in British Columbia where he was nominated to run for Chief in 2014 AND a graduate of Columbia University and the University of Oxford, “The Indigenous Revolution,” 11/24/16, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/11/standing-rock-dakota-access-pipeline-obama/)
Movements working to reshape environmental policy will be of importance to indigenous people. the “Keep It in the Ground” movement can weaken and undermine companies seeking to exploit fossil fuels on indigenous lands. Regulations that dismantle financial instruments and policies that profit from natural resource speculation could divert and damage returns on capital flows. indigenous nations that use their unique standing to advocate for viable alternatives to unjust systems will gain supporters. As long as indigenous people make this argument, we are positioned to win policies, court decisions, and international agreements that protect and enlarge our sovereignty and jurisdiction. Longstanding alliances with progressive parties and politicians are key to our success. Native people have worked elected officials like Bernie Sanders to advance bills like the Save Oak Flat Act, which aimed to stop an international mining conglomerate |
032291ddfa1328796da4c1cae64b2f1d612b93120c395b2f5ea7fa89b73594ee | carbon tax fiscal sustainability | Properly designed carbon tax is the only way to substantially reduce emissions while promoting fiscal sustainability---ETS trades-off with the economy.
Yan et. al 23, (Keija Yan – GRA Fellowship of Chemistry at the University of Alberta, Rakesh Gupta – PhD & Department Chair of Economics at U Brisbane, Suneel Maheshwari – Accounting Professor & Chairperson at Indiana University, 6-30-2023, Using Carbon Tax to Reach the U.S.’s 2050 NDCs Goals—A CGE Model of Firms, Government, and Households, MDPI, https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/16/7/317)//CHale
there is great uncertainty about environmental policy the U. S. provides a framework to achieve NDC in 2025 issuing a dynamic carbon tax . long-run carbon tax keeping in equilibrium tax costs of labour energy and carbon and higher employment and GDP using a 2 layer model benefits on a country’s economic cycle governments earn revenue stimulate the economy increasing public wealth increase GDP as CO2 is reduced help reduce the public debt-to-GDP ratio carbon tax help improve efficiency of the tax system reduce costly regulatory measures USD 73 raise 3 trillion ETS decrease the profit of firms significant negative effect on return-on-capital material costs increased ETS reduce market competitiveness create a decline in employment |
01455658117b72fb598b22853c18cdc02e345126779ec79a29cbe583fa026427 | Post election tensions will wane | Post-election, tensions will wane – there’s enough bipart in the squo for an NDAA – prefer ev that assumes the NDAA and post-election dynamics
Little – Oct 3rd – ‘24 - Ryan Little, Director of Government Affairs for Dedrone. Ryan began his career in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2009 and held over half a dozen positions for two different committee chairs until he left government service and formed Atrio Consulting in 2017. Ryan served as The Senior Advisor and Director of External Affairs, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform from Jan 2015 - Jun 2017 AND Senior Legislative Assistant U.S. House of Representatives Jun 2012 - Jan 2015. Since then, Ryan has successfully advised and represented his clients on a wide array of issues and initiatives before the House, Senate and Executive Branch – mostly related to homeland security, defense, uncrewed aircraft systems and law enforcement to appropriations, health care and labor matters - “Counter-Drone Expansion Depends on Congressional Compromise and NDAA Passage This Fall. Here’s What to Expect”. Commerical UAV News - October 3rd – 2024 - https://www.commercialuavnews.com/counter-drone-expansion-depends-on-congressional-compromise-and-ndaa-passage-this-fall-here-s-what-to-expect
NDAA ‘ doors are still open Once the country get through elections tensions will wane , lawmakers no longer cted by campaign dash to pass bills in lame-duck time for cutting deals compromise? in that direction progress has been made, more can still be achieved |
017f4e5d8c0538a4e066a6450596ec066a15a8f95297995420e496c15aaf559b | COVID marks return to federalism | COVID marks a return to traditional federalism that emphasizes state authority and solves national polarization.
Lane 21 – Attorney Practicing Constitutional and Regulatory Litigation, JD from University of Pennsylvania Cary Law School.
Kaytlin Roholt Lane, “Federalism, Now More Than Ever”, Penn Law Journal Opinion, Summer 2021, https://journal.law.upenn.edu/issue/summer-2021/federalism-now-more-than-ever/
As polarization deepens there is a growing sense something in our political system is broken. a return to normalcy and civility might be federalism . Federalism ensure a harmonious union between states with distinct cultures and political preferences . national government has ballooned the last two decades. COVID has become a paradigm for federalism . . Our system allowed states to innovate and tailor their response a case in point for our system |
04728476bb89beb85aeff47072c6497c65ab04bce4ab1416caf4b658740a8096 | Mills 17 | It’s non-falsifiable. That matters because otherwise I theorize the negative wants to lose: would you like to recline on the couch to talk about it?
Mills 17, Clinical Psychologist, Ph.D., Philosophy, Vanderbilt University (Jon Mills, 2017, “CHALLENGING RELATIONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS: A CRITIQUE OF POSTMODERNISM AND ANALYST SELF-DISCLOSURE,” Psychoanalytic Perspectives, Vol. 14, pp. 313-335, University of Kansas Libraries, Taylor and Francis)
positions annul assertions to truth if everything boils down to language by definition we cannot make truth claims because these are constructions based on linguistic practices one cannot conclude truth exist reality is unknowable by the psychoanalytic method Because there are no standards , methods, or principles perspectives naturally lead to relativism Relativism collapses into nihilism , and absurdity because no one ’s opinion is more valid including ethical behavior psychoanalysis has nothing to offer over disciplines that may negate value to begin with (e.g., academic psychology |
028affbb0977ba944bc14799c9291a9f654db0b278e21a67bf66216dc1a17f41 | US faces two nuclear arsenals | Adversary probing and a slew of hotspots make it try-or-die for modernization – extinction
Creedon ‘23 - et al; Technically this is a Report by The Congressional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United States – which is Chaired by Creedon. The Report itself was requisitioned as an outgrowth of The NDAA. The Commission is a twelve member group of experts. Madelyn Creedon is a Non-Resident Senior Fellow at The Brookings Institution and a Research Professor at the George Washington University Elliott School of International Affairs. Creedon has had a long career in federal service; she served most recently as Principal Deputy Administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) within the Department of Energy, a position she held from 2014 to 2017. She also served in the Pentagon as Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs from 2011 to 2014, overseeing policy development in the areas of missile defense, nuclear security, combatting WMD, cybersecurity, and space. The panel’s Vice Chair is Jon Kyl – who served in the US Senate for 18 years. After retiring from the Senate, Kyl served as a member of the Board of Directors of Sandia Laboratory for three years. In 2018, he was a member of the National Defense Strategy Commission - “AMERICA’S STRATEGIC POSTURE: The Final Report of the Congressional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United States” - No article text omitted – although (minor Note) Madelyn Creeden and Jon Kyl sign their names as “Chair” and “Vice Chair” at the end of the 4th paragraph of this card (immediately prior to the “Executive Summary” begins). The omission of their signature does not alter context and is not something we are seeking to hide, as evidenced by the Note in this citation. IDA – Institute for Defense Analysis - October 2023 - https://www.ida.org/-/media/feature/publications/A/Am/Americas%20Strategic%20Posture/Strategic-Posture-Commission-Report.pdf
nation must invest to modernize nuclear forces. actions now position U S for a credible deterrent U S will face two nuclear arsenals on par risk of conflict is increasing. It is an existential challenge U S is ill-prepared, unless leaders make decisions now posture must change to improve stability with China and Russia. risk of conflict with powers carries potential for nuclear war |
03e1777984188cf06aceb25e715c2ddc78382df84efe171f2b27abbe04decbe6 | semiocapitalism and higher education | Their reliance on performativity strengthens the operations of semiocapitalism -- learning communities like higher educational institutions and the debate community specifically construct and shape desire in capitalism through communication.
Peters 2019 [Michael A. "Affective capitalism, higher education and the constitution of the social body Althusser, Deleuze, and Negri on Spinoza and Marxism." (2019): 465-473.]
the discursive regimes that operate in and through subjects: the ‘fascisms in our heads’ Joy and the ‘ valorisation of the sad passions’ as Deleuze calls them goes right to the heart of the encounter of solidarity to determine our alliances, how we form the social body and the struggle against oppression. . Our knowledge is of the wave and ourselves producing a ‘common notion’ and a new social body from this interaction, which in itself contributes to active joy. The project, for Deleuze and Guattari , is to historicize desire and locate it in a social field, as desiring-production It is these readings and their intersecting threads that have initiated a Left dialogue on immaterial labour and its role in economic postmodernisation to help explain how value is produced from affective and cognitive activities It calls for a discussion of the different visions of the social body especially in relation to learning communities, the constitution of knowledge cultures, the logic of peer production and the possibilities for new collective subjects through the ethic of sharing and collaboration in an era of openness. |
0197b3b8703bf87a8e3c1d9c39a44c36e6fa2b1f59fb2e8e6c4c9153fc90d5df | disability groups mobilized for ACA | Legal reform is good in the context of disability. The Accessible Canada Act is one example of how liberal states can have a positive relationship to disability.
Michael J. Prince 23, Lansdowne Professor of Social Policy at the University of Victoria, Canada, 2023, “17: The Accessible Canada Act: a political expression of disability rights as human rights,” in Research Handbook on Disability Police, Eds. Sally Robinson and Karen R. Fisher, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 217-230.
Worldwide human rights legislation for people with disabilities is continuing Signs include most countries ratifying the UN C onvention on R ights of P ersons with D isabilities and many nations pushing the boundaries of freedoms and rights This chapter explores the A ccessible C anada A ct the ACA proactively eliminate barriers and ensure greater opportunities for Canadians with disabilities signals a more respectful and supportive relationship with government effect may be a more positive sense of self The ACA clearly imparts a discourse of equality accessibility and acceptance of differences by the state This law, and similar ones are an important element in reducing societal barriers transforming cultural beliefs and providing essential public services Disability groups actively mobilized for the ACA, an successfully influenced the law in notable ways The ACA could be the most proactive and systemic approach to date Disability activists have a continuing stake in implementation the law offers mobilization opportunities for identifying and removing barriers to access |
00fff4173ca81e158527a4a27899dbf09adc5ceed7ebf95bbc801b50554d987d | Sahm rule too simple | Rate cuts will engineer a soft landing.
Claudia Sahm 9-19, former Federal Reserve economist, “I Worked for the Fed. The Interest Rate Cut Is Only One Step in a Larger Plan.”, The New York Times, 9-19-24, https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/19/opinion/federal-reserve-rate-cut-unemployment.html, DOA: 9-25-24, JA
the Federal Reserve has been fighting to bring inflation down the cut is good for the economy The Fed has signaled it is starting to wind down data shown inflation falling the Sahm rule and other economic rules of thumb are too simple for this The U S is not in a recession or even on the verge of one We can expect more rate cuts as inflation falls With solid growth low unemployment and the market near record highs , the Fed chose to preserve strength |
020201cc22934925fa219b1be06e0a54fc88d2bbece6e7741bec5bbccd0b3851 | Net-zero China challenge | The green energy race is a racialized process to exclude China from the LIO at the cost of warming and development of the Global South.
Julie de los Reyes & Jewellord Nem Singh 24. *Assistant professor at the Center for Southeast Asian Studies and Hakubi Center for Advanced Research at Kyoto University. **Assistant Professor, International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam. “Net-Zero and the China Challenge: Decarbonization amid Great Power Competition in the Indo-Pacific.” Monthly Review. 7-1-2024. https://monthlyreview.org/2024/07/01/net-zero-and-the-china-challenge-decarbonization-amid-great-power-competition-in-the-indo-pacific/
As decarbonization accelerates strategic importance has risen of materials critical to transition energy underpin s the U.S.-China rivalry U.S. re-engagement is part of a broader strategy to contain China locking in economic partnerships on minerals infrastructures, and supply chains Energy sources serve as a “key currency of power shift to renewable energy entail dependencies on materials different from carbon sources carbon neutrality involves the unfolding rivalry changing the geopolitical landscape The emergence of China as a global leader in renewable energy increased leverage With China viewed as a threat the U.S.- moved to rally its allies to restore balance the U.S. shift toward protectionism saw the U S withdraw from trade agreement For many Global South countries, the inability of the U S to match China underscores failure of the l i o solutions will require a constructive relationship this mean accepting China |
0002a82038b544fd273f5b2b451faf60887e0000d5f80919b33ec6ac81612107 | green tech mineral shortage | Mineral shortages doom the green agenda
AFP ’24 [staff, “International Energy Agency Warns of Key Energy Mineral Shortage Risk,” AGENCE FRANCE PRESSE, 5—17—24, https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/international-energy-agency-warns-of-key-energy-mineral-shortage-risk/110200125, accessed 8-19-24]
drop in prices masking looming shortage will deter investment needed to meet demand set to soar found only limited progress in diversifying supplies key issue given snarling supply chains and tensions creating risk to access |
000a064a2ed2e6c851497178d5fe27149a4c19044d7f433cb7a4e248e0f78459 | Recycling and reuse clean energy | Recycling and reuse solves pollution – clean energy and security outweigh short-term costs
Erdmann 23 (Major Tyson E. Erdmann, 03-31-2023, "Diversifying the U.S. Rare Earth Element Resource Base is Vital to National Security", US Naval War College Writing & Teaching Excellence Center, https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/trecms/pdf/AD1209298.pdf [cut using OCR – pardon spelling and format weirdness!]) – MoState JG
Despite costs increased domestic extraction is best shifts control back to the U S become more self-reliant less dependent on market volatility caused by China's geopolitical conflicts security outweigh costs mitigated through recycling and reuse by themselves would fail when combined with increased domestic production and additional sourcing from allies could be effective clean mining will be marketable It is worth paying costs up front rather than setbacks later |
0377687e811b18f44cc45c42c78e3d38e0a27167d1ffc23d50bbf59a3d34d405 | seabed mining alternative to land | Our evidence directly frames seabed mining as an alt to land based mining – that means it solves their offense – if there’s any residual link, it’s outweighed by the benefits of a green transition
Segal 23 – Partner at Bracewell LLP and co-head of Bracewell’s Policy Resolution Group with over two decades of experience across a broad range of policy and communications issues, with particular experience dealing with energy, the environment, and natural resources
Cobalt produced in the Congo has been plagued by child labor issues Nickel will be sourced by clear cutting tropical rainforests and displacing Indigenous groups Fortunately polymetallic nodules constitute the richest untapped sources as an alternative to land mining |
04133221244c4ad6578ae2a842a04516bfdea7d2911e11fd1cdea9d89ae014fa | America is ailing and leading | Dollar heg is strong and locked in by the Fed
Dr. Adam Tooze 20. Professor of History and Director of the European Institute at Columbia University, PhD from the London School of Economics, BA from King’s College at the University of Cambridge, “America Is Ailing—and Leading the World”, Foreign Policy, 4/1/2020, https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/01/us-coronavirus-leading-world-america-first/
others extrapolate dysfunction to mean end of influence simplistic and premature Dollar finance spans the world We avoided crisis because banks are solid Everyone wants dollars the Fed delivered—remarkably interventions in the international arena have been quick and large a repurchase facility allows liquidity And U S took the lead voting for renewal of IMF |
0225a92184f5b62fb1764d3f9e50c6d7992c6ad7585a04d752708e26c93f23a2 | MacDonald and Parent 18 | B. Decline maintains deterrence while preventing aggression.
MacDonald and Parent 18 - Paul MacDonald is Associate Professor in Political Science at Wellesley College. Joseph M. Parent is an associate professor of political science at the University of Notre Dame.
declining powers use retrenchment to shuffle resources Rather than fritter forces maintaining a sprawling perimeter great powers focus on crucial commitments credibility of security guarantees will be amplified adversaries understand which interests a declining power values Cutting commitments simplifies challenge they have fewer adversaries |
0163eea552fa511bfb99bd5292d1271e531c45e4c2635b8ca8c62bdc5b3c24fd | scarred body avowal ethical injunction | The ethical injunction to avow the scarred body results in an addiction to a savior complex—causes us to artificially create new ones
Baudrillard 94 (Jean, ex-Prof of Sociology at Paris X, “The Illusion of the End” p. 66-71//shree)
We must denounce the sentimental exploitation of charity cannibalism being worse than oppressive violence material exploitation is only there to extract spiritual raw material that is misery of peopl es which serves as psychological nourishment for our daily lives Other people's destitution becomes our playground efforts to alleviate it secure the conditions of reproduction of the catastrophe market essential to the moral equilibrium of the West But when the catastrophe market reaches crisis point when we run out of disasters from elsewhere the West will be forced to produce its own catastrophe to meet its need for spectacle and that voracious appetite for symbols Artificial catastrophes progress more quickly than natural ones we shall soon be at the pre-programmed catastrophe deliberate and experimental our pursuit of the means for averting catastrophe will take us there . Because it is unable to escape destiny it will stage its own death as a species |
006cf0a429b2c2203740c325aad5804676fbf74590792f4458899da7e602a73c | IRA delivers two-thirds climate goals | Decarbonization is coming now.
Denman et al. '22 – Leader of Bain's Utilities & Renewables Practice in the Americas and is a Partner in the Chicago office (Aaron Denman, Cate Hight, and Michael Short; "The Inflation Reduction Act Is a Decarbonization Game Changer"; Bain; https://www.bain.com/insights/decarbonization-game-changer/; 10-27-2022; NC)
I R A changes trajectory of emissions global leader reduces costs of decarbonization changes terms for private investment in clean energy crucial to global energy transition creates certainty for decarbonization drive dramatic reduction of emissions spending on clean energy will triple deliver two-thirds of climate goals |
00d64f6b30971fb531b20072819947fe4dd39c25e6f8224864b8dca472325753 | fossil fuel subsidies federal | And – No Solvency – Fossil Fuel Subsidies are federal, even if States tax they can’t access Federal Lands or build on them. Biden’s “carbon tax” doesn’t price externalities, keeping pollution profitable.
Revesz and Sarinsky 22, *AnBryce Professor of Law and Dean Emeritus, New York University School of Law, **Adjunct Professor of Law and Senior Attorney, Institute for Policy Integrity, New York University School of Law (*Richard L. Revesz, **Max Sarinsky, 2022, “ARTICLE: The Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases: Legal, Economic, and Institutional Perspective,” 39 Yale J. on Reg. 856, University of Kansas Libraries, Lexis)
producers currently over-invest in extraction because they bear few costs Although extraction on federal lands accounts for a huge share of emissions the fed does not internalize cost of pollution onto producers a carbon adder based on g h g s would internalize costs of fossil extraction |
0254def6d10ededb397ef2865743838206c9c266c4e359d938ba7d513c2ac3d4 | Organizing today is important | “Elites will crush the movement” accepts failure before trying — multiple examples prove global movements are possible and coming now.
Tavan '21 [Luca; 3/7/21; writer for Red Flag; "Worldwide revolution is possible and necessary," https://redflag.org.au/article/worldwide-revolution-possible-and-necessary/]
In 2011, a Tunisian street vendor inspired protests across the Arab world tapped into resentment that spread to inspire Occupy to 80 countries Today insurgent social movements and working-class uprisings are spurring action Russia actually proves it’s possible news of workers seizing power created shock waves across the planet The Bolsheviks organised to spread revolt established the Communist International to clarify strategy for overthrowing capitalism workers came close revolution can seem like a pipe dream . Defenders of the s quo work to reinforce this illusion . But history proves crises the system generates are international , and will provoke resistance The most important thing is organising for it today |
007a3d3453a9197ea9a5d088ca74cc039c7ccb9cff27b7c8c46509637b96d265 | thumper no definition of collapse | Thumper – there is no definition of what an actual collapse would look like – they can label everything as a disaster -
Pamlin and Armstrong ’15 [Dennis and Stuart; February 2015; Executive Project Manager at the Global Challenges Foundation; James Martin Research Fellow at the Oxford Martin School at the University of Oxford; Global Challenges Foundation, “12 Risks that threaten human civilization,” https://www.pamlin.net/material/2017/10/10/without-us-progress-still-possible-article-in-china-daily-m9hnk]
risks threaten human civilisation There is no precise definition of a system collapse term s been used to describe a broad range of bad economic conditions parts become vulnerable when connected to a reinforcing risk that can spread and spill over in critical infrastructure a small disruption cause a non-linear effect networks are strongly coupled intensified by globalisation while governance seem inadequate a failure cascade infrastructure damage may trigger “ social collapse” far out of proportion to initial disruption secondary effects conflict or starvation cause great death collapse could spread and undermine combating ecosystem collapse loss of trade , poverty , wars Climate change and mono-cultures |
017d930eedb2385487ab57d2932f1d7dbed67d4d814565343272fc482edc7f98 | Taiwo 22 | Worldmaking takes up an intergenerational fight for justice, not a view of the historical march of progress. Neither the dominance of the world we inhabit nor its transformation are inevitable.
Dr. Olúfẹ́mi O. Táíwò 22. Associate Professor, Philosophy, Georgetown University; PhD, Philosophy, UCLA. “The Arc of the Moral Universe.” Chapter 6 in Reconsidering Reparations. Oxford University Press. 2022. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/reconsidering-reparations-9780197508893?cc=us&lang=en&.
ancestors acted in faith and responsibility they did know the possibility of a good, beautiful thing years into the future depended on actions today they did their part in a multigenerational project there is the possibility of setbacks The years following the Civil War despite chattel slavery were some of the most progressive in history Thousands of enslaved African Americans withdrew labor in a “General Strike,” 180,000 served the Union Army Despite discrimination in military courts Black people were first able to bear witness against whites in military schools they first had access to integrated education emancipated African-Americans worked alongside Radical Republican party to codify change Radical Republicans rewrote Constitutions of ten states making massive structural changes radicals abolished property for voting and public office states eliminated imprisonment as response to debt The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments established birthright citizenship and equal protection and prohibited disenfranchisement on race as far as the letter of the law there were eight Black Congressmen Black people wielded unprecedented power Some wanted to take plantation s and allocate plots Due to pressure from Republicans Congress authorized forty-acre plots and the Freedmen’s Bureau to distribute for “ all manner ” of problems Southern states enacted Black Codes Johnson blocked land redistribution forty acres never arrived Democrats seized Redemption Hayes ordered federal troops return to barracks We refer to gains as progress as if time and morality move in lockstep This is not so progress anticolonial movements in Asia and Africa Civil Rights transnational queer liberation are not irrevocable ambitions of worldmaking appear daunting we should resist all-or-nothing thinking about justice No previous generation won outright , in one stroke Haitian Revolution did not end racialized chattel slavery they eradicated its worst form from one island same of abolitionist comrades work of a just world was not completed , but advanced French Russian Revolution did help uproot specific local systems of injustice and provided inspiration to future generations anti-colonial struggles did not end stratifications they did win independence a generation pass on things if we in generations that follow pick up what they left that can be enough . bending the arc of the universe make use of miraculous capacity to join actions across time and space in our generation climate crisis is existential — for humans and non - human s especially for Black and Indigenous peoples set for wholesale destruction if we fail in climate justice gains our ancestors made will be lost . How do we will ourselves to do hard work that may only be completed by descendants? commitment to the continuity of past people is powerful there’s plenty of reason for haste But we do not need complete transformation in our lifetime to have achieved something important accumulation global racial empire built are vast think scale differently generations who deal with this world who have a world at all depends on intermediate wins If we can’t do it in our generation it does not follow there is nothing to do except burn the world down ancestors gave opportunities on purpose operating in full knowledge they would never see the goal The perspective ground revolutionary patience while rejecting complacency This is available to everyone Most ancestors in the genealogical sense include people on right and wrong sides of history what makes a ancestor in the moral sense is our relationship now whether we pay respect There are those who precede us whose imprint we reject there are those whose projects we continue whose steps order ours these latter are ancestors in the moral sense This inheritance relates me more to white Quaker abolitionists who struggled with enslaved Africans against empire than Yoruba rulers who colluded with it Many white people descended from slaveholders many of abolitionists dissenters Their responsibility is no different to decide which paths are available to decide which lead toward justice many of us owe struggles to genealogical ancestors all of us owe it to our moral descendants who inherit the world our ancestors constructed this world We owe it to descendants to rebuild it, in a new one. |
02727c4de23a3c745bdf4c5375d015c726738b7eacb5e7ce39ed1069e1da1c9d | environmental protection is spreading | Deforestation’s declining
Pinker 18—Johnstone Family Professor in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University [Steven, February 2018, Enlightment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Chapter 10: The Environment, Viking, Accessed through the Wake Forest Library] AMarb
Though tropical forests are still being cut down, between the 20th century and 21st the rate fell by two-thirds Deforestation of the Amazon, peaked in 1995 , and from 2004 to 2013 the rate fell by four-fifths . environmental protection is spreading to the world quality of forests for a decade show an improvement. |
043aacdef8c6a4cc9846e0f4070ddc1c447da520aca2cbecffa05c34bb56755a | relational approaches to the environment | Calculative approaches to the environment ignores that non-knowledge is inevitable. The aff is an attempt to regulate emissions in a closed system, that ignores relational approaches to the environment.
Mollie Painter-Morland 17. Professor @ Nottingham Trent University, Geert Demuijnck, Professor & Head of Faculty @ EDHEC. “The problem with the idea that « only what can be measured can be managed » : Bataillean intuitions.” Rue Descartes, Vol. 1, No. 91. 2017. https://shs.cairn.info/revue-rue-descartes-2017-1-page-150?lang=fr
behavior focus on the affective territory in-between individuals Relational space defies measurement what is immeasurable is valued embrace relationality in a way that defies measurement sustainability would be better served by not focused on scarcity but sovereignty computation ignore knowledge that threaten mastery ignored « non-knowledge renders knowledge useless we regulate carbon emissions based on a closed system , through carbon credits return to the lived experience risking ourselves, being open to transformations |
0087bc706207ab8cddfe7af1286768acc087d0e4010db9bafe75a37e2bf6c09a | Antiblackness explains capitalism | Antiblackness can explain capitalism, but capitalism can’t explain antiblackness.
Dr. George Shulman 20, Professor Emeritus at NYU, 2020, “Fred Moten’s Refusals and Consents: The Politics of Fugitivity,” Political Theory, 49(2), https://doi.org/10.1177/0090591720937375
civilization is built on productivity of black nonbeing engine of modernity is antiblackness use of black bodies bespeaks white desire antiblackness fuels racial capitalism as a “ libidinal economy ,” Marxist exploitation cannot grasp the “ distinctive violence initiated by enslavement state centric activity ” is perverse the “political” made black agency invisible shift “politics,” to quotidian resistance , care black theorists turned from the state to fugitive” imaginaries making visible practices long hidden |
02d8bfe6430c99abf1ee01b69651e747606c78f5b72dc6ec4fae9ac4fbb65fa6 | Wendy Brown States of Injury | We will critique their call for the ballot — it’s not key to their project and causes dependency on the judge as a liberator.
Brown, 1995—prof at UC Berkeley (Wendy, States of Injury, 21-3)
"resistance" has taken ground vacated by more expansive freedom insofar as resistance is an effect of the regime it opposes Resistance stands against, not for; it is re-action to domination discourses of empowerment signal an oddly harmonious relationship with domination they locate an individual’s worth in a register implicitly located on an other worldly plane vis-a-vis social and political power. despite its apparent locution of resistance to subjection discourses of empowerment partake strongly of liberal solipsism empowerment converges with a regime’s legitimacy needs in masking the power of the regime. deployments that draw on subjectivity risk establishing a chasm between empowerment and an actual capacity to shape the political one can “feel empowered” without being so |
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