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1_1_ug9vi3io
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'lower glume of pedicellate spikelet of ear'?
|
A. A lower glume that is part of an ear spikelet.
B. A lower glume of ear spikelet that is part of an ear sessile spikelet.
C. A lower glume of ear spikelet that is part of an ear pedicellate spikelet.
D. A portion of xylem tissue that is a distinct ring-like structure composed of tracheids , that is part of a seed and surrounds the hilum and forms a groove in the surface of the pericarp immediately adjacent to the hilum.
|
C
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
lower glume of pedicellate spikelet of ear
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0006437
|
1_1_nawxm3th
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'drepanium inflorescence'?
|
A. An inflorescence with a sympodial growth habit, which at flowering stage , is composed of determinate inflorescence axes that bear pedicellate flowers in a single plane, with the latest-developing flowers on the highest order inflorescence axis, found at the center of the inflorescence.
B. An inflorescence with a sympodial growth habit, which at flowering stage , is composed of pedicellate flowers on determinate inflorescence axes , each of which develops at progressively more acute angles from each higher inflorescence axis .
C. An inflorescence with a monopodial growth habit, which at flowering stage is composed of a radially-enlarged, determinate, first order inflorescence axis with sessile flowers .
D. An inflorescence with a monopodial growth habit, which at flowering stage , is composed of an indeterminate, first order inflorescence axis and pedicellate flowers on indeterminate higher order inflorescence axes .
|
B
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
drepanium inflorescence
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0030135
|
1_1_6lpv1v0q
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'N-cinnamoylglycine'?
|
A. An N-acylglycine that is N-methylglycine in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a benzoyl group.
B. An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group contains 18 carbons and 2 double bonds.
C. An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as (2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl (cinnamoyl).
D. An amino dicarboxylic acid that is iminodiacetic acid with an oxo substituent. It is used as an inhibitor of alpha-ketoglutarate dependent (EC 1.14.11.*) enzymes.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
N-cinnamoylglycine
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_68616
|
1_1_iaonydv5
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'dermal pulp of feather shaft'?
|
A. Organ that consists of receptor cells located within an epidermal invagination and functions as an electroreceptor.
B. A tissue that is part of a cavity of feather shaft.
C. A floor plate that is part of a neural tube [Automatically generated definition].
D. A connective tissue cell of the nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
dermal pulp of feather shaft
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011800
|
1_1_bcgj52s6
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Biliary tree'?
|
A. Hollow tree organ which is connected to larynx and maximal set of alveolar ducts. Examples: There is only one tracheobronchial tree.
B. Hollow tree, the organ parts of which are arteries, veins or lymphatic vessels and its lumen contains either blood or lymph. Examples: systemic arterial tree (organ), portal venous tree (organ), thoracic duct tree.
C. Hollow tree organ which is continuous with the hepatic capillary bed and duodenum. Examples: There is only one biliary tree.
D. Organ with organ cavity, which consists of an arborizing set of tubular organ parts, the walls of which are continuous and surround a continuous lumen. Examples: systemic arterial tree (organ), tracheobronchial tree, biliary tree.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Biliary tree
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14665
|
1_1_i2si68wo
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'mesoscale cellular convection'?
|
A. D layer is the layer which separates the mantle from the core. D may consist of material from subducted slabs that descended and came to rest at the core-mantle boundary and/or from a new mineral polymorph discovered in perovskite called post-perovskite.[Wikipedia]
B. A bow-shaped line of convective cells that is often associated with swaths of damaging straight-line winds and small tornadoes.
C. An organized unit of convection within a convecting layer. It is isolated by a stream surface, with ascending motion in the center and descending motion near the periphery, or vice versa.
D. A regular pattern of convective cells that can develop in an atmospheric boundary layer heated from below or radiatively cooled from cloud top. This phenomenon is readily observed in satellite imagery during cold air outbreaks when continental air passes over the relatively warm coastal ocean. Cloud lines, marking horizontal roll vortices, form initially in the developing marine atmospheric boundary layer. These lines evolve into open cells, which are defined by clouds in the upward motion along the edges of honeycomb- shaped cells, with less cloudy subsiding air in their centers. The convective structure further evolves into closed cells, which have cloudy centers and cloud-free edges.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
mesoscale cellular convection
|
http://sweetontology.net/phenAtmoPressure/MesoscaleCellularConvection
|
1_1_o1bxm1pl
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'mountain fog'?
|
A. A type of fog caused by the advection of moist air over a cold surface, and the consequent cooling of that air to below its dewpoint.
B. Fog formed by orographic lifting to condensation of moist air up a mountain slope.
C. A common type of fog, produced over a land area when radiational cooling reduces the air temperature to or below its dewpoint.
D. Fog, light and of short duration, produced by the mixing of two moist but nonsaturated air masses with different temperatures.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
mountain fog
|
http://sweetontology.net/phenAtmoFog/MountainFog
|
1_1_m29nk686
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes '*Unspecified pneumoconiosis'?
|
A. A condition due to lack of oxygen in respired air due to inhaling too much carbon monoxide
B. A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their presence. These inorganic, organic, particulate, or vaporized matters usually are inhaled by workers in their occupational environment, leading to the various forms (asbestosis; byssinosis; and others). Similar air pollution can also have deleterious effects on the general population.
C. Pneumonitis (noo-moe-NIE-tis) is a general term that refers to inflammation of lung tissue
D. Pneumoconiosis is one of a group of interstitial lung disease caused by breathing in certain kinds of dust particles that damage your lungs.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
*Unspecified pneumoconiosis
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/icdo.owl/ICDO_0000191
|
1_1_xoaolwol
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'first-line supervisor of security worker'?
|
A. Directly supervise and coordinate activities of security workers and security guards.
B. Pick up and deliver messages, documents, packages, and other items between offices or departments within an establishment or directly to other business concerns, traveling by foot, bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, or public conveyance.
C. Record drugs delivered to the pharmacy, store incoming merchandise, and inform the supervisor of stock needs. May operate cash register and accept prescriptions for filling.
D. In a gambling establishment, conduct financial transactions for patrons. Accept patron's credit application and verify credit references to provide check-cashing authorization or to establish house credit accounts. May reconcile daily summaries of transactions to balance books. May sell gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to patrons, or to other workers for resale to patrons. May convert gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to currency upon patron's request. May use a cash register or computer to record transaction.
|
A
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
first-line supervisor of security worker
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_33109100
|
1_1_n8mnlidk
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'galanthamine'?
|
A. A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
B. A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine
C. A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.
D. An omega-carboxyacyl-CoA having succinoyl as the S-acyl component.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
galanthamine
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42944
|
1_1_22ll2mih
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'bicyclic compound'?
|
A. A bicyclic compound in which all the ring atoms are carbon.
B. A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character.
C. Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring.
D. A molecule that features two fused rings.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
bicyclic compound
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33636
|
1_1_gtguyknj
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Ratio between subplot ground cover area and its respective convex hull area - Computation '?
|
A. Calculated as weight of big size tubers per plot divided by total number of big size tubers per plot
B. Averaged crop vigor expressed in days from median emergence to 80% of maximum ground cover in subplots. Ground cover computed from weekly images analysis. Time at 80% of maximum growth computed via inverse regression of time to event Beta ground cover dynamic model.
C. Computation of the substraction between the necessary time before 95% and 5% emergence using after-fitting inverse regression of log-logistic time-to-event modeling of weekly sprout counts expressed in days after planting
D. Averaged crop cover compactness over two subplots images around time of 50% of maximum ground cover. Ground cover computed from weekly images analysis. Time at 50% of maximum growth computed via inverse regression of time to event Beta ground cover dynamic model. Images choosen as near as possible of date of time at 50% of maximum growth . Compactness computed as the ration between ground cover area (pixels) and its respective convex hull area (pixels).
|
D
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Ratio between subplot ground cover area and its respective convex hull area - Computation
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_343:0100226
|
1_1_9cr3wl7v
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'e-cigarette starter kit'?
|
A. A product that is manufactured to be part of an e-cigarette and contain e-liquid.
B. A product that is manufactured to be part of an e-cigarette and to heat e-liquid during e-cigarette use to produce a vapour.
C. A product that is an e-cigarette together with packing, instructions and spare parts required to use the e-cigarette for an initial period.
D. An artifact that has a product role.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
e-cigarette starter kit
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0000226
|
1_1_7xcstp64
|
In the ontology of African Wildlife, which of the following definitions best describes 'Warthog'?
|
A. An animal that eats both plants and animals (or parts thereof)
B. Giraffes are herbivores, and they eat only leaves.
C. Warthogs are mostly herbivourous but sometimes eat meat http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warthog
D. Note cf v1: I changed the 'only' to 'some' in the "eats some herbivore", and made into equivalent class cf subclass, so I can get my lion1 be classified as an instance of Lion. and 'closed' the axiom.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/african_wildlife_ontology
|
Warthog
|
http://www.meteck.org/teaching/OEbook/ontologies/AfricanWildlifeOntology1.owl#Warthog
|
1_1_9axi64ju
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'didehydroagroclavine'?
|
A. An organic cation obtained by protonation of the four amino groups of methoctramine.
B. An organic cation obtained by protonation at position 3 in the oxazole ring of N-demethylindolmycin. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).
C. An organic cation resulting from the conversion of the carboxylate group of tetramethylrhodamine to the corresponding ethyl ester.
D. A cationic ergot alkaloid that is the 6,8-dimethyl-6,7,8,9-tetradehydro derivative of ergoline.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
didehydroagroclavine
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65036
|
1_1_5q5uh77w
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'cervical adenosquamous carcinoma'?
|
A. A cervical cancer that has_material_basis_in abnormally proliferating cells derives_from melanocytes.
B. An alveolar soft part sarcoma and cervical soft tissue tumor and malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri that is located_in the cervix.
C. A cervical carcinoma that derives_from squamous cells and gland-like cells.
D. A cervical cancer that has_material_basis_in carcinomatous (epithelial tissue) and sarcomatous (connective tissue) components.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
cervical adenosquamous carcinoma
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_5636
|
1_1_px3ppv7n
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b (human)'?
|
A. A tachykinin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.
B. A low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b that is encoded in the genome of human.
C. A galectin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.
D. A lactotransferrin that is encoded in the genome of human.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b (human)
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P31994
|
1_1_43drxcqx
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'anterior lateral line system'?
|
A. The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.
B. A protein with a domain composition consisting of a large extracellular domain, including five Ig-like C2-type domains followed by two copies of the Fibronectin type-III domain (Pfam:PF00041), a single-pass transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic C-terminal domain.
C. The anterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated between the eye and the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the anterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The anterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians and are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project to the hindbrain. The anterior lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.
D. A line of sensory organs and associated structures along the sides of fish and amphibia that detect vibrations and pressure changes.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
anterior lateral line system
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001468
|
1_1_hgdjvip7
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'Abnormality of the proximal phalanx of the thumb'?
|
A. An anomaly of the shape or form of the proximal phalanx of the thumb.
B. An uneven increase in bone density of the proximal phalanx of the thumb.
C. This term applies if the proximal phalanx of the thumb is either small/hypoplastic or absent. In contrast to the proximal phalanges of the digits 2-5, the proximal phalanx of the thumb is embryologically equivalent to the middle phalanges of the other digits, whereas the first metacarpal is embryologically of phalangeal origin and as such equivalent to the proximal phalanges of the other digits.
D. A thumb with three phalanges in a single, proximo-distal axis. Thus, this term applies if the thumb has an accessory phalanx, leading to a digit like appearance of the thumb.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
Abnormality of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0009618
|
1_1_jy6xm2pu
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'graupel'?
|
A. Granular snow which contains a proportion of fused granules formed through melting and re-thawing while being compacted by the weight of overlying material and which contains interconnected gaseous pores.
B. Snow which is cohesive, hard and overlies weaker snow.
C. Snow which is composed of heavily rimed particles typically 2 to 5 millimeters in diameter (0.1 to 0.2 inch).
D. Uncompacted snow containing trapped atmospheric gases.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
graupel
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001876
|
1_1_1h88grwz
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'L5/6 cck GABAergic interneuron (Mmus)'?
|
A. An auditory hair cell found in the cochlea.
B. A GABAergic cortical interneuron that expresses cck. L5/6 cck cells have soma found mainly in L5 and L6 and have large axonal arborization.
C. A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that has "fanning-out' Martinotti morphology that is found in layer 2/3/5 of the cerebral cortex. They have local axon arbor and long ascending axons that spreads horizontally and arborizes significantly in L1.
D. Portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
L5/6 cck GABAergic interneuron (Mmus)
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023071
|
1_1_p9fk2pw7
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4'?
|
A. An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that has_material_basis_in mutation in the VAPB gene on chromosome 20.
B. An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that is characterized by random occurance of ALS without any known cause or familial member with ALS.
C. An amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with juvenile onset that has_material_basis_in mutation in the SETX gene on chromosome 9.
D. A juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that is slowly progressive with concomitantly progressive dementia.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060196
|
1_1_zbwamwtu
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'PstriInc Estimation'?
|
A. Standard method for Stripe rust incidence.
B. Observe the growth of plants per plot/entry at temperature lower than the optimum temperature and rate the tolerance.
C. Standard method for straw yield.
D. Standard method for seed vitreousness.
|
A
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
PstriInc Estimation
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_321:0000725
|
1_1_uxnwenm1
|
In the ontology of Business Process Model and Notation, which of the following definitions best describes 'Multi Instance Loop Activity'?
|
A. An activity is a generic term for work that company performs. An activity can be atomic or non-atomic (compound). The types of activities that are a part of a Process Model are: Process, Sub-Process, and Task. Tasks and Sub-Processes are rounded rectangles. Processes are either unbounded or a contained within a Pool.
B. Transaction, which is used in the definition of attributes for a Sub-Process, and which extends the set of common BPMN Element attributes (see Table B.2).
C. An event is something that "happens" during the course of a business process. These events affect the flow of the process and usually have a cause (trigger) or an impact (result). Events are circles with open centers to allow internal markers to differentiate different triggers or results. There are three types of Events, based on when they affect the flow: Start, Intermediate, and End.
D. Text Annotations are a mechanism for a modeler to (attached with an provide additional information for the reader of a Association) BPMN Diagram.
|
A
|
1_1
|
business_finance/bpmn
|
Multi Instance Loop Activity
|
http://dkm.fbk.eu/index.php/BPMN_Ontology#multi_instance_loop_activity
|
1_1_dl634297
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'public bill'?
|
A. Bills which govern the relation between individuals and the goverment, and those relationships between individuals which are of direct concern to society.
B. The body of legislation that relates to crime.
C. A bill is proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature.
D. The body of bills that relate to crime.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
public bill
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_012082
|
1_1_plncuely
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'Aplasia of the upper vagina'?
|
A. Aplasia of the vagina.
B. A failure to develop of the upper vagina.
C. An EC 6.4.* (C-C bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a carboxylating enzyme (EC 6.4.1.*).
D. A failure to develop of the lower part of the vagina.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
Aplasia of the upper vagina
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012673
|
1_1_j8kpbkdr
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'infraorbital artery'?
|
A. A pair of HA are connect one to each AA1. They run rostromedially until at the extreme rostro-ventral midline the two vessels merge and then run straight caudally along the ventral midline until they reach the cranial end of the ventral aorta (VA). There, the single HA passes just dorsal to the rostral end of the VA and then immediately splits again into a pair of HA. The paired HA continue caudally just to either side of the ventral midline. The HA provide blood supply to the ventral branchial region and the heart.sogai et al. 2001.
B. A branch of the descending genicular artery, the last branch (most distal) of the femoral, the saphenous is also variable. It usually lies between the sartorius and the garcilis muscles and supplies their distal ends. The artery accompanies the saphenous nerve. It usually supplies the skin on the medial and proximal part of the leg. The artery may continue to join, in varying degrees, the dorsalis pedis artery and plantaris pedis arteries.
C. The infraorbital artery is an artery in the head that runs in the maxilla, emerging through the infraorbital foramen, just under the orbit of the eye. [WP,unvetted].
D. After the primitive prosencephalic artery forms it becomes disconnected from the cranial division of the internal carotid artery and instead it connects to the anterior mesencephalic central artery and the communicating vessels of the palatocerebral artery.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
infraorbital artery
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004646
|
1_1_e5axo3vn
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Finger'?
|
A. Zone of muscle organ where fascial sheath of muscle tissue forms tendon.
B. Segment of hand distal to wrist.
C. Fiat anatomical line of head bounded by right subalare and left subalare.
D. Subdivision of the hand demarcated from the hand proper by the skin crease in line with the distal edge of finger webs. Examples: thumb, right middle finger, left little finger.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Finger
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9666
|
1_1_9kf8a6ce
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Cultivation status'?
|
A. 2nd Most important use of the source population
B. CULTIVATION STATUS
C. COLLECTION DATE OF ORIGINAL SAMPLE (in the format YYYYMMDD)
D. Specify the age, in years, of the population
|
B
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Cultivation status
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_326:0000646
|
1_1_92j4kcy3
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'sediment permeated by saline water'?
|
A. Sediment characterised by a temperature of 15-45 degrees Celsius and high-to-low oxygenation. Often impacted by hydrothermal fluid flows.
B. Sediment characterised by the absence of oxygen.
C. Revise adjacent to. Consider sampled stream sediment. Dry stream sediment.
D. Sediment which has its porespace filled by water with increased levels of sodium chloride and other salts.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
sediment permeated by saline water
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001036
|
1_1_zmm1o7c6
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'taper'?
|
A. Apply insulating materials to pipes or ductwork, or other mechanical systems in order to help control and maintain temperature.
B. Receive and process incoming orders for materials, merchandise, classified ads, or services such as repairs, installations, or rental of facilities. Generally receives orders via mail, phone, fax, or other electronic means. Duties include informing customers of receipt, prices, shipping dates, and delays; preparing contracts; and handling complaints.
C. Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul railroad rolling stock, mine cars, or mass transit rail cars.
D. Seal joints between plasterboard or other wallboard to prepare wall surface for painting or papering.
|
D
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
taper
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_47208200
|
1_1_5sszmql2
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'concierge'?
|
A. Assist patrons at hotel, apartment, or office building with personal services. May take messages; arrange or give advice on transportation, business services, or entertainment; or monitor guest requests for housekeeping and maintenance.
B. Buy merchandise or commodities, other than farm products, for resale to consumers at the wholesale or retail level, including both durable and nondurable goods. Analyze past buying trends, sales records, price, and quality of merchandise to determine value and yield. Select, order, and authorize payment for merchandise according to contractual agreements. May conduct meetings with sales personnel and introduce new products. May negotiate contracts. Includes assistant wholesale and retail buyers of nonfarm products.
C. Draw blood for tests, transfusions, donations, or research. May explain the procedure to patients and assist in the recovery of patients with adverse reactions.
D. Provide technical assistance to computer users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, via telephone, or electronically. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems.
|
A
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
concierge
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_39601200
|
1_1_rkmzsxsr
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'medial-nasal process ectoderm'?
|
A. An ectoderm that is part of a medial nasal prominence [Automatically generated definition].
B. Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.
C. An epithelium that is part of a frontonasal prominence.
D. An ectoderm that is part of a footplate.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
medial-nasal process ectoderm
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005233
|
1_1_jtsdm632
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'pharmaceutical'?
|
A. Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans.
B. Any compound that has anti-inflammatory effects.
C. Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances.
D. Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
pharmaceutical
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217
|
1_1_ujex5zec
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'basal root'?
|
A. A shoot-borne internode root that arises from a part of the hypocotyl .
B. Stage of gynoecium development that begins when the carpel primordia arise.
C. A portion of leaf epidermis that is part of a leaf lamina .
D. A shoot-borne root that arises from a shoot axis internode .
|
A
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
basal root
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025002
|
1_1_vvplco7l
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'ciliary epithelium'?
|
A. An epithelium that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition].
B. An epithelium that is part of a anterior chamber of eyeball.
C. A double layer covering the ciliary body that produces aqueous humor.
D. An epithelium that is part of a camera-type eye.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
ciliary epithelium
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001778
|
1_1_7ejgi3za
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'persons in the BDSM community'?
|
A. LGBTQ culture specific to the African American gay male community and persons within those communities.
B. Individuals who are members of the BDSM community or any of its various subcommunities.
C. Oral stimulation of the clitoris primarily using the tongue and lips.
D. Individuals who are associated with BDSM practices or communities.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
persons in the BDSM community
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_012005
|
1_1_gd7zxsan
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'stream'?
|
A. A stream is a body of water with a current, confined within a bed and banks. Streams are important as conduits in the water cycle, instruments in aquifer recharge, and corridors for fish and wildlife migration. The biological habitat in the immediate vicinity of a stream is called a riparian zone. Given the status of the ongoing Holocene extinction event, streams play an important corridor role in connecting fragmented habitats and thus in conserving biodiversity. Stream is also an umbrella term used in the scientific community for all flowing natural waters, regardless of size. The study of streams and waterways in general is known as surface hydrology and is a core element of environmental geography
B. A river is a natural waterway that transits water through a landscape from higher to lower elevations called divides. The divide determines which way a river will flow. It is an integral component of the water cycle. The water within a river is generally collected from precipitation through surface runoff, groundwater recharge (as seen at baseflow conditions / during periods of lack of precipitation) and release of stored water in natural reservoirs, such as a glacier
C. A lagoon is a body of comparatively shallow salt or brackish water separated from the deeper sea by a shallow or exposed sandbank, coral reef, or similar feature. Thus, the enclosed body of water behind a barrier reef or barrier islands or enclosed by an atoll reef is called a lagoon. Lagoon refers to both coastal lagoons formed by the build-up of sandbanks or reefs along shallow coastal waters, and the lagoons in atolls, formed by the growth of coral reefs on slowly sinking central islands. Lagoons that are fed by freshwater streams are also called estuaries
D. A spring is a point where groundwater flows out of the ground, and is thus where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface. Dependent upon the constancy of the water source (rainfall or snowmelt that infiltrates the earth), a spring may be ephemeral (intermittent) or perennial (continuous).
|
A
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
stream
|
http://sweetontology.net/realmHydroBody/Stream
|
1_1_mj5m0xvf
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'underground stream'?
|
A. A stream which is composed primarily of fresh water.
B. A stream that is under the surface of the Earth.
C. A river that is under the surface of the Earth.
D. A gently inclined underground tunnel bringing water for irrigation from an aquifer.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
underground stream
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000060
|
1_1_pap7vzrg
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'planned process'?
|
A. A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
B. A planned process that has the aim of influencing an outcome.
C. A <process> in which at least one bodily component of an organism participates.
D. A process that is causally influenced by consumption of alcohol by a person.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
planned process
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011
|
1_1_mmk7sjdz
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'kelvin helmholtz billows'?
|
A. A synoptic-scale cloud pattern frequently observed in satellite imagery just prior to the onset of cyclogenesis.
B. A cloud plume often observed to extend downwind from isolated, sharp, often pyramid-shaped mountain peaks, even on otherwise cloud-free days.
C. 1. Cloud forms that arise from Kelvin?Helmholtz waves. 2. Vortical structures that result from the growth and nonlinear development of unstable waves in a shear flow. The billows get their name from the instability responsible for the growth of the unstable waves, Kelvin?Helmholtz instability.
D. A commonly used term for clouds of the species lenticularis.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
kelvin helmholtz billows
|
http://sweetontology.net/phenAtmoCloud/KelvinHelmholtzBillows
|
1_1_ttkkadv6
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'optician, dispensing'?
|
A. Assemble, install, repair, or maintain electric or hydraulic freight or passenger elevators, escalators, or dumbwaiters.
B. Design, measure, fit, and adapt lenses and frames for client according to written optical prescription or specification. Assist client with inserting, removing, and caring for contact lenses. Assist client with selecting frames. Measure customer for size of eyeglasses and coordinate frames with facial and eye measurements and optical prescription. Prepare work order for optical laboratory containing instructions for grinding and mounting lenses in frames. Verify exactness of finished lens spectacles. Adjust frame and lens position to fit client. May shape or reshape frames. Includes contact lens opticians.
C. Supervise and coordinate activities of personal service workers.
D. Directly supervise and coordinate activities of correctional officers and jailers.
|
B
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
optician, dispensing
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_29208100
|
1_1_jcja2353
|
In the ontology of General Medical Science, which of the following definitions best describes 'chemotherapy procedure'?
|
A. A therapeutic procedure that uses synthetic or naturally-occurring chemicals
B. A therapeutic procedure in which a body part is transferred into a organism
C. A therapeutic procedure that uses radiation.
D. A treatment whose completion is hypothesized by a health care provider to eliminate a disorder or to alleviate the signs and symptoms of a disorder or pathological process.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/general_medical_science_ontology
|
chemotherapy procedure
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000113
|
1_1_qafircdn
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'thoracoacromial vein'?
|
A. A vein that is tributary of the axillary vein and drains blood from the thoracoacromial region, including the pectoral, shoulder, and clavicular regions.
B. Vein that drains the axilla.
C. The dorsal venous arch of the foot is a superficial vein that connects the small saphenous vein and the great saphenous vein. Anatomically, it is defined by where the dorsal veins of the first and fifth digit, respectively, meet the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein.
D. A portal vein that empties into capillaries within the kidneys.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
thoracoacromial vein
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600074
|
1_1_0rmp9zu6
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'liver disease, unspecified'?
|
A. liver is damaged which makes it hard to digest food.
B. any disturbance of liver function that causes illness.
C. liver failure
D. Disease resulting in the inflammation of the liver
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
liver disease, unspecified
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ICDO_0000574
|
1_1_lqronlq5
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with FGFR1 abnormalities'?
|
A. A myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, and FGFR1 that is characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRB gene, most often resulting in the formation of ETV6-PDGFRB fusion transcripts.
B. A myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, and FGFR1 that is characterized by the rearrangement of the FGFR1 gene, resulting in translocations with an 8p11 breakpoint.
C. A myeloid neoplasm that is characterized by the formation of abnormal fusion genes that encode constitutively activated tyrosine kinases.
D. A myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, and FGFR1 that is characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRA gene, most often resulting in the formation of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with FGFR1 abnormalities
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0080167
|
1_1_yuwp8upy
|
In the ontology of Software, which of the following definitions best describes 'made4'?
|
A. This package provides S4 data structures and basic functions to deal with flow cytometry data.
B. Basic infrastructure for using oligonucleotide microarray reporter sequence information for preprocessing and quality assessment. For general work with genomic sequences, this package is inadequate. Please refer to the Biostrings package for that.
C. Multivariate data analysis and graphical display of microarray data. Functions include between group analysis and coinertia analysis. It contains functions that require ADE4.
D. This package provides quality control and quality assessment tools for flow cytometry data.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/software_ontology
|
made4
|
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swo/SWO_0000609
|
1_1_8fhcgngl
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'ethnic food shop'?
|
A. A shop in which a business offers food products for sale or trade.
B. A food shop in which the food products on offer are restricted to those produced in a region and cultural setting other than that of the shop's locality.
C. A self-service shop offering a wide variety of food, beverages and household products, organized into sections.
D. A food shop in which food products are the primary offer for sale or trade.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
ethnic food shop
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000988
|
1_1_t509rb49
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'low-density lipoprotein receptor particle metabolic process'?
|
A. The chemical reactions and pathways involving a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
B. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.
C. The process that results in the return of receptor molecules to an active state and an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal.
D. The chemical reactions and pathways involving low-density lipoprotein receptors.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
low-density lipoprotein receptor particle metabolic process
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032799
|
1_1_eg9nk935
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'exclusive cannabis smoker'?
|
A. A cannabis smoker who only smokes their cannabis.
B. A randomised controlled trial design that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention under conditions similar to those that would obtain were the intervention to be delivered in routine practice.
C. A cannabis user who smokes cannabis.
D. A planned process to choose which of two or more study processes will be applied to a study participant.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
exclusive cannabis smoker
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0000805
|
1_1_x4tgh7zu
|
In the ontology of CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model, which of the following definitions best describes 'Biological Object'?
|
A. This class comprises individual items of a material nature, which live, have lived, or are natural products of or from living organisms.
Artificial objects that incorporate biological elements, such as Victorian butterfly frames, can be documented as both instances of E20 Biological Object and E22 Human-Made Object.Examples:In First Order Logic:
B. This class comprises all persistent physical objects of any size that are purposely created by human activity and have physical boundaries that separate them completely in an objective way from other objects.
The class also includes all aggregates of objects made for functional purposes of whatever kind, independent of physical coherence, such as a set of chessmen.Examples:In First Order Logic:
C. This class comprises items of a material nature that are units for documentation and have physical boundaries that separate them completely in an objective way from other objects.
The class also includes all aggregates of objects made for functional purposes of whatever kind, independent of physical coherence, such as a set of chessmen. Typically, instances of E19 Physical Object can be moved (if not too heavy).
In some contexts, such objects, except for aggregates, are also called “bona fide objects”, i.e. naturally defined objects (Smith & Varzi, 2000).
The decision as to what is documented as a complete item, rather than by its parts or components, may be purely administrative or may be a result of the order in which the item was acquired.Examples:In First Order Logic:
D. This class comprises real persons who live or are assumed to have lived.
Legendary figures that may have existed, such as Ulysses and King Arthur, fall into this class if the documentation refers to them as historical figures. In cases where doubt exists as to whether several persons are in fact identical, multiple instances can be created and linked to indicate their relationship. The CIDOC CRM does not propose a specific form to support reasoning about possible identity.
In a bibliographic context, a name presented following the conventions usually employed for personal names will be assumed to correspond to an actual real person (an instance of E21 Person), unless evidence is available to indicate that this is not the case. The fact that a persona may erroneously be classified as an instance of E21 Person does not imply that the concept comprises personae.Examples:In First Order Logic:
|
A
|
1_1
|
arts_media_entertainment/cidoc_crm
|
E20 Biological Object
|
http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E20_Biological_Object
|
1_1_7ue2iv72
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'subjective want'?
|
A. A <subjective affective feeling> that is an attraction to an imagined scenario involving anticipated pleasure or satisfaction.
B. An <affective process> that involves the experience of internal or external sensory stimuli.
C. A subjective emotional feeling involving experience directly resulting from sensory processes. It includes touch, brightness, loudness.
D. A subjective emotional feeling that generates a need state and arises from deviation of a physiological state from a target state established as a result of innate or learned processes.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
subjective want
|
http://humanbehaviourchange.org/ontology/BCIO_050317
|
1_1_b18l08tg
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'mesencephalic artery'?
|
A. The pulmonary artery that supplies the left lung.
B. The buccal artery (buccinator artery) is small and runs obliquely forward, between the Pterygoideus internus and the insertion of the Temporalis, to the outer surface of the Buccinator, to which it is distributed, anastomosing with branches of the external maxillary and with the infraorbital. [WP,unvetted].
C. The major artery of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet its partner the mesencephalic vein.
D. An artery that branches from the facial artery that runs forward under the mouth, then turns upward upon reaching the chin.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
mesencephalic artery
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001634
|
1_1_l7e5f1m5
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'S-oxy-L-cysteine'?
|
A. L-Proline in which a hydrogen at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine ring is substituted by a hydroxy group (S-configuration).
B. A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group. Although structurally related to L-arginine, it is non-proteinogenic.
C. A cysteine derivative consiting of L-cysteine carrying an S-oxy-substituent.
D. A serine derivative obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid with the thiol function of O-(pantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)serine.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
S-oxy-L-cysteine
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_41630
|
1_1_uzp7bpin
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'years of education'?
|
A. A data item that indicates the number of years an individual was or has been in education.
B. A data item which is the ratio of observed deaths in the study group to expected deaths in the general population.
C. A data item that represents a human being who has received an intervention intended to result in cessation of an addictive behaviour and who, after a period of abstinence, has resumed the behaviour.
D. A data item referring to an amount of alcohol expressed in gram units.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
years of education
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001094
|
1_1_y5ct5j9w
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'pulmonary artery'?
|
A. One of two (deep circumflex and superficial circumflex) iliac arteries that supply the lower abdomen, inguinal lymph nodes, sartorius, and tensor fasciae latae.
B. An artery that carries deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood..
C. The femoral artery is a large artery in the muscles of the thigh. It is a continuation of external iliac artery where it enters the femoral triangle at the mid inguinal point behind the inguinal ligament. It leaves femoral triangle through apex beneath the sartorius muscle. It enters the popliteal fossa by passing through the 5th osseo-aponeurotic(adductor hiatus) opening of adductor magnus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery. [WP,unvetted].
D. The superior gluteal artery (gluteal artery) is the largest branch of the internal iliac artery, and appears to be the continuation of the posterior division of that vessel. It is a short artery which runs backward between the lumbosacral trunk and the first sacral nerve, and, passing out of the pelvis above the upper border of the Piriformis, immediately divides into a superficial and a deep branch. Within the pelvis it gives off a few branches to the Iliacus, Piriformis, and Obturator internus, and just previous to quitting that cavity, a nutrient artery which enters the ilium. [WP,unvetted].
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
pulmonary artery
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002012
|
1_1_jov96xck
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'packaging equipment'?
|
A. A manufacturing equipment piece which is used to package material.
B. An aerosol that is suspended in an atmosphere.
C. A manufactured product which is capable of some manufacturing process.
D. An epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart.
|
A
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
packaging equipment
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_03501364
|
1_1_24i4vl7d
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'logging equipment operator'?
|
A. Press or shape articles by hand or machine.
B. Drive logging tractor or wheeled vehicle equipped with one or more accessories, such as bulldozer blade, frontal shear, grapple, logging arch, cable winches, hoisting rack, or crane boom, to fell tree; to skid, load, unload, or stack logs; or to pull stumps or clear brush. Includes operating stand-alone logging machines, such as log chippers.
C. Grind, sand, or polish, using hand tools or hand-held power tools, a variety of metal, wood, stone, clay, plastic, or glass objects. Includes chippers, buffers, and finishers.
D. Use axes or chainsaws to fell trees using knowledge of tree characteristics and cutting techniques to control direction of fall and minimize tree damage.
|
B
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
logging equipment operator
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_45402200
|
1_1_r19cbajx
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'homodetic cyclic peptide'?
|
A. An eight-membered homodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence L-leucine, L-serine, L-alpha-glutamic acid, L-threonine, L-alpha-glutamic acid, L-threonine, N(6)-acetyl-L-lysine, D-leucine.
B. A homodetic cyclic peptide is a cyclic peptide in which the ring consists solely of amino-acid residues in peptide linkages.
C. A homodetic cyclic peptide composed from leucyl and prolyl residues.
D. A homodetic cyclic peptide that is malacidin A in which the (2E,4Z)-8-methylnona-2,4-dienoyl group has been replaced by a (2E,4Z)-8-methyldeca-2,4-dienoyl group.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
homodetic cyclic peptide
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24613
|
1_1_uqjcny7n
|
In the ontology of Software, which of the following definitions best describes 'Segway 1.2'?
|
A. BZScan is a free java tool for automatic quantification of DNA microarrays with radioactive labeling. BZScan provides saturation, overshining, and background noise correction, it also gives quality control measures. It can work either in a fully automatic "batch mode" or at different levels of manual operation.
B. ChipSkipper - an integrated tool for analysis, evaluation and quantitation of DNA micro-array data
C. The free Segway software package contains a novel method for analyzing multiple tracks of functional genomics data. Our method uses a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model, which enables it to analyze the entire genome at 1-bp resolution even in the face of heterogeneous patterns of missing data. This method is the first application of DBN techniques to genome-scale data and the first genomic segmentation method designed for use with the maximum resolution data available from ChIP-seq experiments without downsampling.
D. RMAExpress is a standalone GUI program for Windows (and Linux) to compute gene expression summary values for Affymetrix Genechip® data using the Robust Multichip Average expression summary and to carry out quality assessment using probe-level metrics. It does not require R nor is it dependent on any component of the BioConductor project. If focuses on processing 3' IVT expression arrays, exon and WT gene arrays.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/software_ontology
|
Segway 1.2
|
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swo/SWO_0000145
|
1_1_e3oc9ldp
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'social policy'?
|
A. A plan detailing guidelines, principles, legislation and activities that affect the living conditions conducive to human welfare, such as a person's quality of life.
B. An action specification that a government produces that includes rules and regulations concerning activities of agents under the government's jurisdiction.
C. An action specification of a person or organisation that is realised as a set of rules and activities affecting people or organisations under its jurisdiction.
D. A policy that is applied by a public body.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
social policy
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001142
|
1_1_3nsbshjy
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'sexual reproduction'?
|
A. A process that is part of the meiotic cell cycle.
B. The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy).
C. A type of reproduction that combines the genetic material of two gametes (such as a sperm or egg cell or fungal spores). The gametes have an haploid genome (with a single set of chromosomes, the product of a meiotic division) and combines with one another to produce a zygote (diploid).
D. A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
sexual reproduction
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019953
|
1_1_0pyloogc
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Medial intercondylar tubercle of tibia'?
|
A. Neural tissue which consists of myelinated and unmyelinated axons and Schwann cells. Examples: Neural tissue of medial nerve, Neural tissue of cardiac plexus.
B. Intercondylar tubercle of tibia, each instance of which is a lateral spur projecting upward from the intercondylar eminence at the proximal epiphysis of some tibia.
C. Mesenteric lymph node group located around branches of superior mesenteric artery to the jejunum.
D. Intercondylar tubercle of tibia, each instance of which is a medial spur projecting upward from the intercondylar eminence at the proximal epiphysis of some tibia.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Medial intercondylar tubercle of tibia
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma43764
|
1_1_ec9wsy5n
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'valley'?
|
A. A canyon, or gorge, is a deep valley between cliffs often carved from the landscape by a river. Most canyons were formed by a process of long-time erosion from a plateau level. [Wikipedia]
B. A valley (also called a vale, dale, glen or strath and near or in Appalachia, a draw) is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. [Wikipedia]
C. In Scotland, a heavy fall of snow.
D. Turbulence produced by shear flow.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
valley
|
http://sweetontology.net/realmLandFluvial/Valley
|
1_1_gx2nx8pt
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'cross-over study design'?
|
A. A mixed study design in which measures are taken in two or more groups of participants before one or more of them receives an intervention and then measurements are repeated so that changes in the measures can be compared.
B. A study design in which measurements taken on two or more groups of study participants at two or more times are compared allowing differences to be assessed between groups and over time.
C. A mixed study design in which two or more groups experience the same study processes but in a different order.
D. A substance that is produced by a living organsism and is toxic, noxious or poisonous
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
cross-over study design
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001255
|
1_1_fsmmrp1o
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol'?
|
A. A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinaldic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and by a chlorine at position 7. It is a potent NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist which antagonizes the strychnine-insensitive glycine site of the NMDA receptor. It also prevents neurodegeneration produced by quinolinic acid.
B. An oxaspiro compound that is 3H,4'H-spiro[[1]benzofuran-2,1'-cyclohexa[2,5]diene]-3,4'-dione substituted by methoxycarbonyl, hydroxy, chloro, methyl, methoxy and chloro groups at positions 2', 4, 5, 6, 6' and 7, respectively. It is a fungal metabolite isolated from Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium glabrum.
C. A carbamate ester that is fumagillol in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding N-(chloroacetyl)carbamate derivative.
D. A sesquiterpenoid that is alpha-bergamotene in which one of the methyl groups attached to the exocyclic C=C double bond has been oxidised to form the corresponding carboxylic acid.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
O-(chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_90748
|
1_1_z1mybyig
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'leaf abaxial stomatal complex'?
|
A. A leaf stomatal complex that is part of a petiole.
B. A leaf stomatal complex that is part of a leaf abaxial epidermis .
C. A phyllome stomatal complex that is part of a leaf.
D. A leaf stomatal complex that is part of a leaf lamina.
|
B
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
leaf abaxial stomatal complex
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025190
|
1_1_jupkz7k6
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'nutritional and metabolic cardiomyopathy'?
|
A. a chronic metabolic disease characterized by structural and functional alterations and interstitial fibrosis without coronary artery disease or hypertension
B. People with neutropenia have an unusually low number of cells called neutrophils. Neutrophils are cells in your immune system that attack bacteria and other organisms when they invade your body
C. Backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to imperfect closure of the mitral valve
D. A heart attack in the absence of observable q wave abnormalities in the ecg.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
nutritional and metabolic cardiomyopathy
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ICDO_0000611
|
1_1_9y4mrdqv
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'human factors engineer or ergonomist'?
|
A. Develop instructional material, coordinate educational content, and incorporate current technology into instruction in order to provide guidelines to educators and instructors for developing curricula and conducting courses. May train and coach teachers. Includes educational consultants and specialists, and instructional material directors.
B. Diagnose, treat, and help prevent benign and malignant medical and surgical disorders of the genitourinary system and the renal glands.
C. Design objects, facilities, and environments to optimize human well-being and overall system performance, applying theory, principles, and data regarding the relationship between humans and respective technology. Investigate and analyze characteristics of human behavior and performance as it relates to the use of technology.
D. Diagnose and treat disorders requiring physiotherapy to provide physical, mental, and occupational rehabilitation.
|
C
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
human factors engineer or ergonomist
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_17211201
|
1_1_liw22510
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Bunch: width'?
|
A. None
B. None
C. None
D. None
|
B
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Bunch: width
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_356:2000026
|
1_1_ix29p7zq
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'tw!inna'ek'?
|
A. A Klamath person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned female at birth.
B. A Patwin person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned male at birth.
C. A Southern Piegan person who belongs to a traditional non-binary gender role and who, in modern times, might be assigned male at birth.
D. An Cheyenne person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned female at birth.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
tw!inna'ek
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_002136
|
1_1_otw2hm2e
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'laryngeal nerve'?
|
A. A nerve that transmits from sensory receptors on the surface of the body to the central nervous system.
B. A nerve that innervates the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.
C. The nerve to quadratus femoris is a nerve that provides innervation to the quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior muscles.
D. Any nerve that innervates the larynx.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
laryngeal nerve
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035642
|
1_1_p3qj0khy
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'cone-rod dystrophy 8'?
|
A. A cone-rod dystrophy that has_material_basis_in variation in the chromosome region 1q12-q24.
B. A cone-rod dystrophy that has_material_basis_in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the TTLL5 gene on chromosome 14q24.
C. A cone-rod dystrophy that is characterized by loss of central vision due to cone photoreceptor degeneration, with onset of symptoms ranging from the first to fifth decades of life and that has_material_basis_in homozygous mutation in the TLCD3B gene on chromosome 16p11.
D. A cone-rod dystrophy that has_material_basis_in mutation in the PITPNM3 gene in chromosome region 17p13.2-p13.1.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
cone-rod dystrophy 8
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0111014
|
1_1_mvkybr2t
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'helpers--extraction worker'?
|
A. Serve food to individuals outside of a restaurant environment, such as in hotel rooms, hospital rooms, residential care facilities, or cars.
B. Shape, finish, and refinish damaged, worn, or used furniture or new high-grade furniture to specified color or finish.
C. Operate table games. Stand or sit behind table and operate games of chance by dispensing the appropriate number of cards or blocks to players, or operating other gambling equipment. Distribute winnings or collect players' money or chips. May compare the house's hand against players' hands.
D. Help extraction craft workers, such as earth drillers, blasters and explosives workers, derrick operators, and mining machine operators, by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include supplying equipment or cleaning work area.
|
D
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
helpers--extraction worker
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_47508100
|
1_1_4vfxe6v8
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Flowering time'?
|
A. Flowering time usually recorded as days from sowing or date.
B. Ratio of the pod weight per plant to the total plant weight.
C. Total leaves weight per plant.
D. Width of the pod. Trait may refer to the width of either the short axis perpendicular to the suture plane or the short axis that lies on that plane.
|
A
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Flowering time
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_337:0000002
|
1_1_mt8hnksa
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'caseanigrescen A'?
|
A. A taxane diterpenoid that is paclitaxel which is lacking the N-benzoyl group. It is a biosynthetic precursor of paclitaxel.
B. A diterpenoid of the clerodane group isolated from the leaves and flowers of Casearia nigrescens. It exhibits cytotoxicity against A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line.
C. A withanolide that is (22R,25S)-22,26-epoxycholesta-1,4-dien-26-one substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an acetoxy group at position 18. Isolated from Paraminabea acronocephala, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.
D. A sesquiterpenoid that consists of a heterotetracyclic system linked to a pyridine moiety. Isolated from the fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus, it exhibits inhibitory activity against acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
caseanigrescen A
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65588
|
1_1_4kw2giox
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'carpel'?
|
A. A plant ovule that is part of a plant ovary .
B. A phyllome that is part of the corolla , and is usually colored (not green).
C. A megasporophyll, almost always at the center of a flower, its margins more or less fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule(s).
D. A phyllome that is usually green, and is part of the calyx .
|
C
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
carpel
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0009030
|
1_1_r0g91uto
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'podoconiosis'?
|
A. An allergic contact dermatitis that has_allergic_trigger nickel atom.
B. An autosomal dominant nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by postlingual onset with high frequency progressive hearing loss and has_material_basis_in mutation in the ACTG1 gene on chromosome 17q25.
C. An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that is characterized by prelingual onset with severe to profound, downsloping hearing loss and has_material_basis_in mutation in the HGF gene on chromosome 7q21.
D. An elephantiasis that is characterized by lymphadema located_in the lower extremities caused by a genetically determined abnormal inflammatory reaction to mineral particles in irritant red clay soils derived from volcanic deposits.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
podoconiosis
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0050138
|
1_1_4xg1gpeb
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'eruption cloud'?
|
A. The column of gases, ash, and larger rock fragments rising from a crater or other vent. If it is of sufficient volume and velocity, this gaseous column may reach many miles into the stratosphere, where high winds will carry it long distances.
B. A geophysical phenomena involving the extrusion of rock that tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a period of time. [Wikipedia]
C. Moderate to violent ejection of solid or very viscous hot fragments of new lava in short-lived, cannon-like bursts. Ash and fine ash are emitted with gases and ascend to form a cauliflower-like eruption cloud.
D. An eruption column of hot volcanic ash and gas emitted into the atmosphere during an explosive volcanic eruption. [Wikipedia]
|
A
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
eruption cloud
|
http://sweetontology.net/phenGeolVolcano/EruptionCloud
|
1_1_j700wckd
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'thoracic aorta endothelial cell'?
|
A. An arterial endothelial cell that is part of the aorta endothelium.
B. The orderly movement of an anterior visceral endoderm cell from one site to another.
C. A CD48 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human.
D. An endothelial cell that is part of the thoracic endothelium.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
thoracic aorta endothelial cell
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002545
|
1_1_bsfbog9p
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'ovarian clear cell carcinoma'?
|
A. An ovarian carcinoma that has_material_basis_in cells with clear cytoplasm and glycogen secreting hob nail cells.
B. An ovarian carcinoma that is biphasic and has_material_basis_in epithelial and mesenchymal elements.
C. An ovarian cancer that has_material_basis_in epithelial tissue and is located_in the ovary.
D. An ovarian carcinoma that is characterized by large pleiomorphic cells with large round or oval nuclei, presence of mitoses and staining for neuroendocrine (NE) markers and has_material_basis_in neuroendocrine cells.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
ovarian clear cell carcinoma
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0050934
|
1_1_3bz9lsrz
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'organonitrogen heterocyclic compound'?
|
A. A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.
B. A compound having the structure RC#N; thus a C-substituted derivative of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. In systematic nomenclature, the suffix nitrile denotes the triply bound #N atom, not the carbon atom attached to it.
C. An acyl-CoA having acetyl as its S-acetyl component.
D. Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38101
|
1_1_a964oyf9
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'aphagia'?
|
A. a symptom that makes one feel weakness, discomfort, or illness
B. seeing things that aren't there
C. physical suffering or discomfort caused by illness or injury
D. inability or refusal to swallow.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
aphagia
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ICDO_0000579
|
1_1_mtngzd9z
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Lower urinary tract'?
|
A. *Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra.
B. Subdivision of fibrous skeleton of heart which consists of the anterior and posterior filum coronaria of tricuspid valve anulus.
C. Zone of transversalis fascia, each instance of which is a thickened band of fibrous tissue from some transversalis fascia that strengthens the lower part of some deep inguinal ring and forms the base of some internal spermatic fascia.
D. *Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the kidney and the ureters.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Lower urinary tract
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45659
|
1_1_3ixahrmf
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate'?
|
A. Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor).
B. Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a phosphate group (acceptor).
C. Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = UMP + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n)-glucose-1-phosphate.
D. Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor).
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061547
|
1_1_k8ogo211
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'meclofenamic acid'?
|
A. A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.
B. A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.
C. An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
D. A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
meclofenamic acid
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6710
|
1_1_184yqksl
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'coronary heart disease'?
|
A. A cardiovascular disease in which plaque, a waxy substance, builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.
B. A drug withdrawal syndrome that results from cessation or reduction of consumption of an opioid drug.
C. A disease involving the cardiovascular system.
D. A coronary artery disease characterised by myocardial cell death (gross myocardial necrosis), caused by interruption of the blood supply to the heart.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
coronary heart disease
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001049
|
1_1_h8fq8dm4
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'tidal mudflat'?
|
A. A wetland that forms when mud is deposited by the tides, rivers, sea or oceans.
B. A wetland that forms when mud is deposited by a stream.
C. A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].
D. A level tract lying at a small depth below the surface of water, or alternately covered and left bare by the tide.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
tidal mudflat
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000241
|
1_1_3tvbuavw
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'LGBTQ Calvinist clerics'?
|
A. Anglican clergy who are LGBTQIA+.
B. LGBTQ people who are Calvinist.
C. Lutheran clergy who are LGBTQIA+.
D. Calvinist clergy who are LGBTQIA+.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
LGBTQ Calvinist clerics
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_012878
|
1_1_rq3kawed
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'molan'?
|
A. A warm moist southeast wind from the sea on the French Mediterranean coast and in the Maritime Alps, especially frequent in spring and autumn. In the Rh?ne delta it blows also from the south. The marin is associated with depressions that cross southern France or northern Spain and the Gulf of Lions. Generally, it is strong and regular, sometimes violent and turbulent in hilly country as the ayalas in the Massif Central; it is very humid, cloudy with hill fog, and often rainy (unless unaccompanied by fronts, when it is the marin blanc). The heavy rains, which may continue for one or two days on the mountain slopes, cause dangerous river floods. On the western slope of the C?vennes it becomes the autan. In the southern C?vennes the marin is called the aygalas. On the coast of Catalonia (northeast Spain) and Roussillon (southern France) it is the marinada and generally occurs with a depression centered over or south of the Gulf of Gascony. Compare sirocco.
B. Dry squalls that occur at night in southwest Africa and the Congo. It is likely that this term is loosely applied to other diurnal local winds such as mountain wind, land breeze, midnight wind, etc.
C. (Also called mamaliti, mamatili.) A light northwest wind of Sicily; a form of mistral.
D. Breeze blowing from Arve toward Geneva in Switzerland.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
molan
|
http://sweetontology.net/phenAtmoWindMesoscale/Molan
|
1_1_da2bg3y3
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B2'?
|
A. A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 that has_material_basis_in a heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in the DHTKD1 gene on chromosome 10p14.
B. A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 characterized by onset of peripheral neuropathy in the first years of life that has_material_basis_in homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the MFN2 gene on chromosome 1p36.22.
C. A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 that has_material_basis_in heterozygous mutation in the myelin protein-zero gene (MPZ) on chromosome 1q23.
D. A Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 that has_material_basis_in homozygous mutation in the MED25 gene.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B2
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0110179
|
1_1_pxjrkzct
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'fat exclusion'?
|
A. Belief in one god.
B. Mainstream and socially accepted sexual interests, such as teleiophilia.
C. Social exclusion is the process in which individuals are blocked from (or denied full access to) various rights, opportunities and resources that are normally available to members of a different group, and which are fundamental to social integration and observance of human rights within that particular group.
D. Social exclusion of fat persons.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
fat exclusion
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_012381
|
1_1_edbr0kj6
|
In the ontology of Emotion, which of the following definitions best describes 'envenomation resulting in modulation of signal transduction in other organism'?
|
A. A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the swelling of soft tissues of the bitten organism as a result of excess water accumulation.
B. A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of signal transduction in the bitten organism.
C. A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of receptor activity in of the bitten organism.
D. A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in the bitten organism.
|
B
|
1_1
|
human_society/emotion_ontology
|
envenomation resulting in modulation of signal transduction in other organism
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044509
|
1_1_649mhoce
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I'?
|
A. Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
B. Combining with a complex of transforming growth factor beta and a type II TGF-beta receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of TGF-beta signals.
C. Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity; facilitates ligand binding to type I and type II TGF-beta receptors.
D. Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a type I TGF-beta receptor.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005025
|
1_1_fddfhhu5
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'extraocular retinoblastoma'?
|
A. A retinoblastoma that develops in both eyes.
B. A retinoblastoma that effects only one eye.
C. A retinoblastoma that is located_in the eye and has not spread to other parts of the body.
D. A retinoblastoma that has spread from the soft tissues surrounding the eye or to the optic nerve beyond the margin of resection to other parts of the body.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
extraocular retinoblastoma
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4656
|
1_1_3knj55ik
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'new accounts clerk'?
|
A. Interview persons desiring to open accounts in financial institutions. Explain account services available to prospective customers and assist them in preparing applications.
B. Construct full-size and scale wooden precision models of products. Includes wood jig builders and loft workers.
C. Inspect aircraft, maintenance procedures, air navigational aids, air traffic controls, and communications equipment to ensure conformance with Federal safety regulations.
D. Construct, maintain, or repair medical supportive devices such as braces, orthotics and prosthetic devices, joints, arch supports, and other surgical and medical appliances.
|
A
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
new accounts clerk
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_43414100
|
1_1_sx324zwb
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'posteroloph'?
|
A. Posteroloph found on the first molar tooth.
B. A shelf like ridge on the proximal (mesial) outside edge of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/).
C. A shelf like ridge on the outside of the upper molariform teeth. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/).
D. A crest running along the labial margin of molarifomr teeth of mammals. (modified from http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/collections/mammal_anatomy/cheek_teeth_structure/).
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
posteroloph
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018291
|
1_1_adn8wg5i
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'left lung lobar bronchus epithelium'?
|
A. The tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus.
B. An epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of right lung.
C. An endothelium that is part of a left lung.
D. An epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of left lung.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
left lung lobar bronchus epithelium
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015794
|
1_1_ihkx6i8d
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'perhalometallate salt'?
|
A. A salt where the anion is an bromometallate anion.
B. A salt where the anion is an iodometallate anion.
C. A salt where the anion is a perhalometallate anion.
D. A salt where the anion is a periodometallate anion.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
perhalometallate salt
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51530
|
1_1_1mr7m28k
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'digestive system process'?
|
A. A digestive process in which food, usually grass or hay, is swallowed into a multi-compartmented stomach, regurgitated, chewed again, and swallowed again.
B. A process carried out by the organs or tissues of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is an organ system responsible for respiratory gaseous exchange.
C. The process that involves the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.
D. A physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
digestive system process
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600
|
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