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popqa | ce40d2c4-f403-4736-ace1-7fca9c722aba | What is John Mayne's occupation? | John Mayne | [
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"Scottish printer, journalist and poet\nJohn Mayne (1759–1836) was a Scottish printer, journalist and poet born in Dumfries. In 1780, his poem \"The Siller Gun\" appeared in its original form in \"Ruddiman's Magazine\", published by Walter Ruddiman in Edinburgh. It is a humorous work on an ancient custom in Dumfries of shooting for the \"Siller Gun.\" He also wrote a poem on \"Hallowe'en\" in 1780 which influenced Robert Burns's 1785 poem \"Halloween\". Mayne also wrote a version of the ballad \"Helen of Kirkconnel\". His verses were admired by Walter Scott. Life. He was born at Dumfries on 26 March 1759. Educated at the local grammar school, he became a printer in the office of the \"Dumfries Journal\". In 1782 he went with his family to Glasgow, where he worked for five years in the publishing house of the brothers Foulis. In 1787 he settled in London, first as a printer, and then as proprietor and joint editor of \"The Star\", an evening paper, in which he placed his poems. He died at Lisson Grove, London, 14 March 1836. Works. Mayne wrote poetry in Dumfries, and after 1777 he contributed poems to \"Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine\", Edinburgh. Between 1807 and 1817 several of his lyrics appeared in the \"Gentleman's Magazine\".",
"Mayne's \"Siller Gun\" was based on a Dumfries wapinschaw: the competitors were members of the corporations, and the prize a silver cannon-shaped tube presented by James VI. It consisted of twelve stanzas when it appeared in 1777. Enlarged to two cantos in 1779, and to three and four in 1780 and 1808 respectively, it took final shape in five cantos with notes in 1836. It was conceived in the spirit of \"Peblis to the Play\". \"Hallowe'en\", published in \"Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine\" in November 1780, may have stimulated Burns's brilliant treatment of the same theme, according to Chambers, \"Life and Work of Burns\" (i. 154, ed. 1851). \"Logan Braes\", which appeared in the \"Star\", 23 May 1789, had two lines plagiarised by Burns in a \"Logan Braes\" of his own. \"Glasgow\", published in the \"Glasgow Magazine\" in December 1783, was enlarged and issued in 1803. In the same year Mayne published a patriotic address \"English, Scots, and Irishmen\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: \n incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:",
"British lawyer (1828–1917)\nJohn Dawson Mayne (1828–1917) was a British lawyer and legal expert who served as acting Advocate-General of the Madras Presidency. He is remembered as the author of \"Mayne's Hindu Law\" regarded as the most authoritative book on the Indian Penal Code. His married life was marred by a scandal, which prevented him from gaining a knighthood. Family. Born on 31 December 1828, to John Mayne (1793–1828), a Dublin lawyer who died before John Dawson was born. His mother, Anna (Graves) Johnson (1798–1864), had first married Edward Johnson (died 1818) J.P., of Ballymacash House, County Antrim. Mayne's middle name was for his great-grandfather's cousin and benefactor, Thomas Dawson, 1st Viscount Cremorne. He came from a well-known family and was a grandson of Judge Edward Mayne and Dean Richard Graves. He was a nephew of Sir Richard Mayne and a first cousin of Admiral Richard Charles Mayne, Chief Justice Sir William Collis Meredith, Edmund Allen Meredith, Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell, Major-General Arthur Robert MacDonnell and Francis Brinkley. His sister married a son of Abraham Colles, and through her, he was the uncle of Ladies Ashbourne and Bewley. Career. Mayne had his initial education in Dublin and graduated in law from Trinity College Dublin. He was called to the English bar in 1854, but practised in the United Kingdom from 1854 to 1856 before moving to Madras, India.",
"Mayne served as the Professor of law, logic and moral philosophy at the Presidency College, Madras from 1857 throughout the 1860s. He also served as Assistant Legal Secretary to the Madras government from 1860 to 1872 and as a Clerk of the Crown during the 1860s. He served as Advocate-General of Madras from 1862 to 1872. He left India in a cloud of scandal, running away from his wife with the wife of another man, Annie Craigie-Halkett. In England, despite the scandal, Mayne served as a Professor of Common Law at the Inns of Court from 1879 to 1883. In 1880, he unsuccessfully contested for the Parliamentary seat at Falmouth. He was an enthusiastic family historian, producing an impressively long 'pedigree' of the Maynes from 1900 back through some thirty generations to Normandy, but beyond the 17th century, like so many family histories of the time, it was riddled with errors of assumption. At Madras, 1859, he married his first wife, Helen Sarah Hamilton (born 1841), daughter of Colonel Robert Hamilton of the Madras Staff Corps. She divorced Mayne in 1872 after he ran off with his soon-to-be second wife, Annie Craigie-Halkett (1833–1917).",
"Annie's first husband's name is unknown, but she was the daughter of Charles Craigie-Halkett-Inglis of Hallhill, Fife and Cramond House, near Edinburgh, by his wife Susan, the youngest daughter of Sir John Marjoribanks of Lees (1763–1833), 1st Bt., M.P., Lord Provost of Edinburgh. Annie and 'JD' (as he was known) divorced their respective spouses so they could marry in May 1873. Annie was reputed to be very beautiful despite her face being marred by a 'Port wine mark' (birth mark), which led her to favouring veils in later life. In 1917, he and Annie died within six weeks of one another, at their home 'Goodrest', also known as Shinfield Park, Berkshire. The gardens were so extensive at Goodrest that they required twenty gardeners to maintain its upkeep. Mayne left no children by either marriage, but took great joy in being both a financial and legal help to many of his relatives."
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"doc_chunk": "Scottish printer, journalist and poet\nJohn Mayne (1759–1836) was a Scottish printer, journalist and poet born in Dumfries. In 1780, his poem \"The Siller Gun\" appeared in its original form in \"Ruddiman's Magazine\", published by Walter Ruddiman in Edinburgh. It is a humorous work on an ancient custom in Dumfries of shooting for the \"Siller Gun.\" He also wrote a poem on \"Hallowe'en\" in 1780 which influenced Robert Burns's 1785 poem \"Halloween\". Mayne also wrote a version of the ballad \"Helen of Kirkconnel\". His verses were admired by Walter Scott. Life. He was born at Dumfries on 26 March 1759. Educated at the local grammar school, he became a printer in the office of the \"Dumfries Journal\". In 1782 he went with his family to Glasgow, where he worked for five years in the publishing house of the brothers Foulis. In 1787 he settled in London, first as a printer, and then as proprietor and joint editor of \"The Star\", an evening paper, in which he placed his poems. He died at Lisson Grove, London, 14 March 1836. Works. Mayne wrote poetry in Dumfries, and after 1777 he contributed poems to \"Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine\", Edinburgh. Between 1807 and 1817 several of his lyrics appeared in the \"Gentleman's Magazine\".",
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popqa | 647d126c-564b-46c6-a8a7-6eda23449e10 | What is Kathy Saltzman's occupation? | Kathy Saltzman | [
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"American politician\nKathy L. Saltzman (born June 4, 1955) is a Minnesota politician and a former member of the Minnesota Senate who represented District 56, which includes portions of Washington County in the eastern Twin Cities metropolitan area. A moderate Democrat, she was first elected to the Senate in 2006, but was unseated by Republican Ted Lillie in her 2010 re-election bid. She was a majority whip. Saltzman was a member of the Senate's Business, Industry and Jobs Committee (of which she was vice chair), the Education Committee, and the Transportation Committee. She also chaired the Education Committee's Subcommittee on Charter Schools, serves on the Business, Industry and Jobs subcommittees for Bioscience and Renewable Energy Development, and for Workforce Development (which she chaired), and on the Finance subcommittees for the E-12 Education Budget and Policy Division, the Transportation Budget and Policy Division, and the Transportation Budget and Policy Division-Transit Subdivision. Her special legislative concerns include education, property tax reform, health care, economic competitiveness, transportation, and water quality. Saltzman graduated from St. Charles High School in St. Charles, Illinois, then went on to the University of Iowa, where she received her B.S. degree. She was previously the communications director for Schools for Equity in Education (SEE), working with school districts and parents throughout Minnesota on education funding issues, and also worked as an outreach and marketing employee for the University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinics. In 1994, she was appointed by former Saint Paul mayor Norm Coleman to serve in his Office of Children and Families.",
"She is also active in various community boards and associations. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Canadian theatre and film producer (1915–1994)\nHerschel \"Harry\" Saltzman (; (1915--) 27, 1915 – (1994--) 28, 1994) was a Canadian theatre and film producer. He is best remembered for co-producing the first nine of the \"James Bond\" film series with Albert R. Broccoli. He lived most of his life in Denham, Buckinghamshire, England. Early life. Saltzman was born in a hospital in Sherbrooke, Quebec, the son of Jewish immigrants Abraham Saltzman and Dora Horstein. He was raised in Saint John, New Brunswick for the first seven years of his life. His father was a horticulturalist and immigrated to the US in 1905 from Kozienice, Poland (then Congress Poland within the Russian Empire). He married Dora in 1909. The couple moved to Canada in 1910 where their four oldest children (Minnie, Florence, Harry and Isadore) were born. The family then moved to Cleveland, Ohio where their youngest son, David, was born. Harry ran away from home at the age of 15. Saltzman was 30 when he learned where he had actually been born. Career. At about age 17, Saltzman joined a circus and travelled with them for some years. In 1932, Saltzman moved to Paris to study political science and economics. However within a year, he was \"hand-picking talent for 40 two-a-day vaudeville houses all over Europe.\"",
"Saltzman claimed that he had worked as an assistant for French film director René Clair, who came to the United States in 1940 to make the film \"The Flame of New Orleans\". In 1942, Saltzman signed a booking contract with Fanchon & Marco Enterprises. Saltzman went to the West Coast to sign big picture names. Saltzman sought the Ritz Brothers, but due to film commitments, they could not sign. In 1943, Saltzman was managing The Gilbert Brothers' Combined Circus. According to an advert, the 1943 season began 26 May in Clifton, New Jersey, and was booked solid through the Eastern American states until mid-October. Shortly after World War II began, he enlisted with the Royal Canadian Air Force in Vancouver. He received a medical discharge in Trenton, Ontario in 1943, and joined the U.S. Psychological Warfare Bureau, because he wanted to get back to Europe. Saltzman was initially stationed at the North African theatre in 1943 before being reassigned to London. In 1945, Saltzman helped Lin Yutang establish UNESCO's film division, which was initially focused on trying to mediate the Chinese Civil War between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang. He eventually quit due to \"east-west differences\" which to him seemed \"so hopeless\". Saltzman spent a year with the French government's Ministry of Reconstruction. At that point, he decided he wanted back in show business. After the war, in Paris, Saltzman became part of the writer Colette's entourage.",
"He worked as a talent scout for European productions on stage, television and in film, but gradually became more successful producing stage plays. He moved to the United States in the 1950s. In the late 1950s, Saltzman and Rhea Fink formed the Mountie Enterprises Corporation, to operate coin-operated hobby horses. The first hobby horses appeared in department stores, on floors where children's goods are sold. By February 1951 Mountie Enterprises Corporation and Saltzman's new company Rider Amusement Corporation reported brisk business, as both companies got contracts to install coin-operated hobby horses in major department stores in numerous American cities. Saltzman claimed to earn US$ a day per hobby horse. (equivalent to $413.30 in 2023)\nHe became production supervisor on \"Robert Montgomery Presents\" and produced \"Captain Gallant of the Foreign Legion\". Judith Krantz claims that she and Saltzman briefly dated. Krantz's father liked Saltzman and found him an entertaining conversationalist. Krantz claims that Saltzman proposed to her. She declined, saying that he was not her physical type, which she regretted because she thought he was \"a wonderful companion, with a fantastic imagination.\" He moved, what was by then his family of four, to the UK in the mid-1950s, where he again produced theatre. He entered the film business by producing \"The Iron Petticoat\" (1956), a play adaptation."
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popqa | e8acd86c-e651-47fa-8440-2eb759a5f5ea | What is Eleanor Davis's occupation? | Eleanor Davis | [
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"American cartoonist and illustrator\nEleanor McCutcheon Davis (born January 16, 1983) is an American cartoonist and illustrator. Early life. Eleanor Davis was raised in Tucson, Arizona by comic-enthusiast parents who exposed her to stories like \"Little Lulu\", \"Krazy Kat\", \"Little Nemo\", and the \"Kinder Kids\". She attended Kino School, an alternative K-12 school in Tucson. In high school, she began drawing seriously and self-published her own comic. She studied sequential art at the Savannah College of Art and Design in Georgia. Career. Davis has self-published many comics, including \"The Beast Mother\". Davis's work has also been included in five issues of Fantagraphics' anthology \"MOME\" as well as Houghton Mifflin's \"Best American Comics\" in 2008. Her easy-reader book, \"Stinky\", was published in 2008 by Françoise Mouly's Toon Books and won an ALA Geisel Honor Award, a Booklist's Notable Children's Books Award, and the Bank Street College of Education's Best Children's Books of the Year in 2009 as well as the Association for Library Service to Children's Graphic Novels Reading List award in 2014. \"The Secret Science Alliance and the Copycat Crook\", published by Bloomsbury Children's in 2009, was a collaborative book created with husband Drew Weing, who inked Davis' illustrations.",
"In 2009, she won the Eisner's Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award and was named one of \"Print\" magazine's New Visual Artists. In 2013, her short story \"In Our Eden\" received a gold medal from the Society of Illustrators. In August 2014, Fantagraphics published Davis' first collection of stories \"How to Be Happy\". \"Slate\" described the collection: \"a mix of evocative, geometric watercolors and fluid pen-and-ink cartoons, \"How to Be Happy\" tells stories of sad people, lonely people, strong people, confident people, all trying to find a tiny bit of happiness in life.\" Upon publication, comics critic Richard Bruton described Davis as \"without question, a major young creator.\" Her 2017 graphic novel \"You & a Bike & a Road\", published by Koyama Press, won the Ignatz Award for Outstanding Anthology or Collection. In March 2018, Fantagraphics published \"Why Art? \", a graphic novel in which Davis examines the concept of art. Her most recent graphic novel, \"The Hard Tomorrow\", published by Drawn and Quarterly, was released in October 2019. Davis has taught comic book storytelling summer classes at the University of Georgia. Personal life. Davis lives and works in Athens, Georgia, with fellow cartoonist and husband Drew Weing. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American painter\nEleanor Layfield Davis (1911–1985), also called ELDA, was an American painter. She served on the Board of Trustees for Meredith College and both Meredith and Wake Forest University award art scholarships in her memory. Life. Eleanor Layfield Davis was born Eleanor Layfield in 1911, in Richmond, Virginia. She grew up in the Raleigh, North Carolina area, attending Peace College and Sweet Briar College. Davis went on to graduate from Meredith College in 1932. She was married to Egbert Lawrence Davis Jr. (1911–2006) and had four children. Davis did not start painting until she was 47 years old. She primarily signed her works with the name ELDA developed from her initials. In addition to paintings, Davis also drew sketches and sculpted. She spent much of her life helping build up the arts community in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. She studied art at the Arts and Crafts Association of Winston-Salem and took some courses at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Davis was a founder and President of Associated Artists of Winston-Salem as well as organizer of Art Gallery Originals. Davis died in 1985. Exhibitions. During her lifetime, Davis produced many works that she exhibited both in group shows and in 15 individual exhibitions around the Southeast. Posthumous exhibitions include a retrospective at Wake Forest University's Scales Fine Arts Center Gallery in 1986, and \"ELDA – Paintings by Eleanor Layfield Davis\" at the Sawtooth Center for Visual Arts in 2012. In early 2010, some of her works were included in a Meredith College alumnae art showcase.",
"Some of Davis' artwork was purchased by the North Carolina Art Society for the loan collection of the North Carolina Museum of Art. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American women's rights activist (1922–2020)\nEleanor Rice Davis (November 17, 1922 – November 3, 2020) was an American women's rights activist. Davis was born in Seattle, Washington in November 1922, but settled in Portland, Oregon in 1951. By the 1960s Davis was involved in a variety of community activities, including volunteer work with the American Association of University Women, the Unitarian Universalist Women's Federation, the Oregon Council for Women's Equality, and the Oregon Women's Political Caucus. By 1971, Davis became an investigator for the Civil Rights Division of the Oregon Bureau of Labor, as well as working on the Task Force on Sex Discrimination in Education and the Governor's Commission on the Status of Women. Davis died on November 3, 2020, at the age of 97. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 4d5a3c5c-4b7c-4633-a9f9-a39d9e885344 | What is William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield's occupation? | William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield | [
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"British barrister, politician and judge (1705–1793)\nWilliam Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, (2 March 1705 – 20 March 1793), was a British judge, politician, lawyer, and peer best known for his reforms to English law. Born in Scone Palace, Perthshire, to a family of Scottish nobility, he was educated in Perth before moving to London at the age of 13 to study at Westminster School. Accepted into Christ Church, Oxford, in May 1723, Mansfield graduated four years later and returned to London, where he was he was called to the Bar by Lincoln's Inn in November 1730 and quickly gained a reputation as an excellent barrister. He became involved in British politics in 1742, beginning with his election to the House of Commons as a Member of Parliament for Boroughbridge and appointment as Solicitor General. In the absence of a strong Attorney General, Mansfield became the main spokesman for the government in the House of Commons, where he was noted for his \"great powers of eloquence\" and was described as \"beyond comparison the best speaker\". With the promotion of Sir Dudley Ryder to Lord Chief Justice in 1754, Mansfield became Attorney General and, when Ryder unexpectedly died several months later, he took his place as Chief Justice. As the most powerful British jurist of the 18th century, Mansfield's decisions reflected the Age of Enlightenment and moved the country onto the path to abolishing slavery.",
"He advanced commercial law in ways that helped establish Britain as world leader in industry, finance, and trade; modernised both English law and England's courts; rationalised the system for submitting motions, and reformed the way judgments were delivered to reduce expense for the parties. For his work in \"Carter v Boehm\" and \"Pillans v Van Mierop\", Mansfield has been called the founder of English commercial law. Mansfield is also known for his judgment in \"Somerset v Stewart\" where he held that slavery had no basis in common law and had never been established by positive law in England, and therefore was not binding in law. Though the judgement did not explicitly outlaw slavery in either Britain or British colonies, it played an important role in the early stages of the British abolitionist movement and inspired challenges to slavery on both sides of the Atlantic. Early life and education. Murray was born on 2 March 1705, at Scone Palace in Perthshire, Scotland, the fourth son of the 5th Viscount of Stormont and his wife Margaret as one of eleven children. Both his parents were strong supporters of the Jacobite cause, and his older brother James followed \"The Old Pretender\" into exile, this left the family's finance relatively impoverished. The Jacobite sympathies of Murray's family were glossed over by contemporaries, who claimed that he had been educated at Lichfield Grammar School with many other members of the English judiciary. This was incorrect, as Murray was educated at Perth Grammar School, where he was taught Latin, English grammar, and essay writing skills.",
"He later said that this gave him a great advantage at university, as those students educated in England had been taught Greek and Latin but not how to write properly in English. While at Perth Grammar School, it became apparent that Murray was particularly intelligent. In 1718, his father and older brother, James, decided to send him to Westminster School as James knew the Dean, Francis Atterbury.Thirteen year old Murray travelled alone with a pony given by his father, The distance from Perth to London was around , and the journey took Murray 54 days. Murray flourished at Westminster and was made a King's Scholar on 21 May 1719. After an examination in May 1723, Murray was accepted into Christ Church, Oxford, having scored higher in the examination than any other King's Scholar that year. He was admitted as a commoner on 15 June 1723, and matriculated on 18 June. The records say that he came from Bath rather than Perth, as the person recording the names of the new students was unable to understand his Scottish accent. His older brother, James, was an advocate in Scotland (the Scottish equivalent of a barrister in England), and his family decided that a career as a barrister was best for Murray. The Scottish Bar at the time was overcrowded, which made it difficult for a young barrister to build a reputation, yet qualifying for the English Bar was extremely expensive. Thanks to the patronage of Thomas Foley, 1st Baron Foley, who gave Murray £200 a year to live on, Murray could afford to study at the bar, and he became a member of Lincoln's Inn on 23 April 1724.",
"After George I died on 11 June 1727, Murray entered and won a competition to write a Latin poem titled \"The Death of the King\". His actions were seen as a show of support for the House of Hanover and the political \"status quo\", something odd considering the strong Jacobite sympathies of his family. He probably did this because, having no private income, he wished to secure patronage to help him advance politically. Another entrant was William Pitt, who was a constant rival to Murray until Pitt's death in 1778. There is very little information about Murray's time at Oxford. It is known that he studied ancient and modern history, became fluent in French, and gained a good understanding of Roman Law. He also became fluent in Latin, translating Cicero's works into English and then back into Latin. He gained his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1727, and travelled to London to train as a barrister. Family life. Murray married Lady Elizabeth Finch, youngest daughter of Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham and 7th Earl of Winchilsea and Anne Hatton. They had no children of their own, but took care of their great niece, Lady Elizabeth Murray (born 1760), the daughter of Mansfield's nephew and heir, David Murray, 7th Viscount Stormont, after her mother died. When Mansfield's other nephew, Sir John Lindsay, returned to Britain in 1765 following the Seven Years' War and his assignment in the West Indies, he brought his illegitimate daughter, Dido, whose mother, Maria Bell, was an enslaved woman of African descent. Dido was born into slavery in 1761.",
"Dido Elizabeth Belle was baptized November 1766 in London, 8 months after Lady Elizabeth's arrival. It has been hypothesized that Mansfield took Dido in to provide grieving Lady Elizabeth with a companion who would later be her personal attendant. Mansfield also helped mentor his nephew and heir, David Murray, 7th Viscount Stormont. Later, his nieces and unmarried sisters of Lord Stormont, Lady Anne and Lady Marjory Murray, would come to live at Kenwood to care for Lord and Lady Mansfield in their old age. At the English bar. Murray's first contact when he moved to London was William Hamilton, a Scottish-born barrister who was said to be the first Scot to practise at the English Bar, and one of the few people who was qualified to act as a barrister in both England and Scotland. Hamilton had been one of Murray's sponsors when he joined Lincoln's Inn in 1724 and, when Murray came to London, Hamilton helped find him a set of barristers' chambers at No. 1 Old Square. There was no formal legal education at this time, and the only requirement for a person to be called to the Bar was for him to have eaten five dinners a term at Lincoln's Inn, and to have read the first sentence of a paper prepared for him by the steward. Thus, most of Murray's practical training came from reading the papers in Hamilton's chambers, and listening to Lord Raymond speak in court along with tutoring by Thomas Denison on how to write special pleadings."
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popqa | 5bede7e0-5a07-480a-ba01-b2e7adffd4e2 | What is Þorsteinn Bachmann's occupation? | Þorsteinn Bachmann | [
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"Icelandic film actor (born 1965)\nÞorsteinn Bachmann (born 25 October 1965) is an Icelandic actor. He is known for his role as Móri in \"Life in a Fishbowl\". In 2015 he won an Edda Award for that same role. Early life. Þorsteinn grew up in the Fossvogur area of Reykjavík, Iceland before moving to Breiðholt when he was 10 years old. He did not do well in school in the early years. Looking back, he remembers that he was barely able to read or write before changing schools from Fossvogur to the one in Breiðholt. Career. Þorsteinn graduated from the Icelandic Drama School in 1991. Since graduation, he has worked with theatre groups in Reykjavík and Akureyri and was president of the latter for a few years. He has held many acting courses, and has served as a teacher at both the Icelandic Drama School and the Icelandic Film School. In 2013, he worked with the National Theatre of Iceland. Personal life. Before every premiere, Þorsteinn goes to the gym, goes swimming and finishes off with a sauna. \"This is something I've always done and goes with every film or stage premiere\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Þorsteinn is an Old Norse and Icelandic masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Þorsteinn Pálsson (pronounced ; born 29 October 1947) served as prime minister of Iceland for the Independence Party from 8 July 1987 to 28 September 1988. Þorsteinn led the Independence Party from 1983 to 1991, when he lost an inner partial election to then vice-chairman of the party and mayor of Reykjavík, Davíð Oddsson. His coalition was dissolved in September 1988 by Progressive Party leader, Steingrímur Hermannsson and Social Democratic Party leader, Jón Baldvin Hannibalsson because of different views on price stagnation. Prior to his period as Prime Minister, Þorsteinn was Minister of Finance from 1985 to 1987. He represented Southern Iceland in the Althing (Iceland's Parliament) from 1983 to 1999. When Davíð Oddsson formed his first government in 1991 he appointed Þorsteinn as minister of Fisheries and Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs. He remained in this position until 1999. Later he became ambassador, first in London and later in Copenhagen. He was editor of the newspaper \"Fréttablaðið\" between 2006 and 2009. In 2016, Þorsteinn left the Independence Party and joined the newly formed Reform party, a more moderate right wing party. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Icelandic philosopher, translator, musician and poet\nÞorsteinn Gylfason (12 August 1942 – 16 August 2005) was an Icelandic philosopher, translator, musician and poet. Þorsteinn distinguished himself in Icelandic public life with his writings in newspapers, journals and publications. His life and accomplishments. Early life. Þorsteinn was born and raised in Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland. His parents were Guðrún Vilmundardóttir and Gylfi Þorsteinsson Gíslason, a university professor and government minister. He was the brother of Vilmundur Gylfason, a politician, and Þorvaldur Gylfason, an economist. Þorsteinn graduated from the Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík gymnasium in 1961 and subsequently received a grant to study at Harvard University. He left Harvard with a B.A. degree in philosophy, having studied under the tutelage of Willard Van Orman Quine. He returned home for graduate studies in Icelandic, and later attended the University of Munich and Magdalen College, Oxford from 1965 to 1971. At Oxford, he studied under Gilbert Ryle and befriended well-known characters from philosophical circles, such as Alfred Jules Ayer. This influence affected his work in philosophy to a considerable extent. Career. Þorsteinn worked as an assistant professor at the University of Iceland from 1971, and was made full professor in 1989. He was visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the London School of Economics.",
"Þorsteinn received a number of awards and acknowledgements for his works, amongst them the Þórbergur Þórðarson and National Icelandic Literature Prizes in 1997. In 1994, he was awarded the Knights Cross of the Icelandic Falcon by Icelandic president Vigdís Finnbogadóttir for his contributions to Icelandic culture and academia. Works. Þorsteinn wrote 12 books on philosophy and philology, including \"An Essay on Man\" (1970), \"An Essay on the World\" (1992), \"Thinking in Icelandic\" (1996) and \"Justice and Injustice\" (1998). He also published over 37 academic papers in various philosophical journals and composed poetry and lyrics, either with musical composer Atli Heimir Sveinsson or to the music of Kurt Weill and Richard Wagner. His translations to Icelandic included \"On Liberty\" by John Stuart Mill, Søren Kierkegaard's \"Repetitions\", Plato's \"Phaedo\", Descartes' \"Meditations\", all of whom were published by the Icelandic Literature Society, for which he served as a series chief editor for almost two decades. Philosophy. Þorsteinn's philosophical work was mostly in the philosophy of language and mind and political philosophy. His method and style of philosophy was very much rooted in the analytic tradition, through influence from men such as W.V.O. Quine and Gilbert Ryle."
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popqa | b36e15b4-74a1-433c-8a0b-ad79e29ab837 | What is Jacob Kraemer's occupation? | Jacob Kraemer | [
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"Hendrik Kraemer (17 May 1888 – 11 November 1965) was a lay missiologist and figure in the ecumenical movement from Dutch Reformed Church in the Netherlands. He encouraged the Dutch to allow the spread missionary activities outside of the Dutch East India Company-restricted area in eastern Indonesia to the rest of the archipelago. Biography. Kraemer lost his parents when he was 12 years old, so he stayed in an orphanage. At the age of 16, he decided to become a missionary. Kraemer married in 1919. He learned the Bible by himself, and he never entered theological seminary. On the question of theology of religions, Kraemer supported an exclusivist understanding of religion. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"British harpsichordist and conductor (born 1945)\nNicholas Kraemer (born 7 March 1945, in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a British harpsichordist and conductor. Career. Kraemer began his career as a harpsichordist. From playing continuo (on a harpsichord) at the back of an orchestra he proceeded to the front where he began directing from the harpsichord, notably the English Chamber Orchestra in the 1970s, where his repertoire widened, taking in the 19th and 20th centuries as well as Baroque music. Kraemer has served as artistic director of the Irish Chamber Orchestra, the London Bach Orchestra, the music program of the Bath Festival and English Touring Opera (then Opera 80). He founded and directed the Raglan Baroque Players. From 1971 to 1988 he was musical director of the W11 Opera children's opera, which he co-founded. He currently holds the positions of Principal Guest Conductor of the Manchester Camerata, Principal Guest Conductor of Music of the Baroque, Chicago and Permanent Guest Conductor of Orchester Musikkollegium Winterthur. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Franz Kraemer, (June 1, 1914 – August 27, 1999) was a Canadian radio producer, a \"pioneer produced of opera at CBC Television\". In the 1930 he studied music in Vienna, with Alban Berg, Anton von Webern and others. Leaving Austria like many other artists in the 1930s around the time of the Nazi takeover in 1938, Kraemer became a naturalized Canadian citizen in 1947, the first year that Canadian citizenship was made available (prior to that all Canadians were considered British subjects). Kraemer has made a name of himself as a gifted music composer and producer; he has been called by Adrienne Clarkson, former Governor General of Canada and CBC journalist, as \"the most prolific and talented music producer the CBC Television ever produced ... He was a mentor for many of us in television who did that kind of programming.\" Kraemer's career was cut short in Austria by fascism and a climate of hatred. Asked about it, we would simply say \"Mr. Hitler ruined me.\" In Canada, he became a close colleague and friend of Glenn Gould. Eric Koch said \"Franz knew everything\" in music. In 1971, he was appointed music director of the Toronto Arts Foundation \nIn 1981, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Officer in 1987."
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popqa | 6c512c5b-f2d6-471f-8984-5672f49f6fb7 | What is Bae Geu-rin's occupation? | Bae Geu-rin | [
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"Geu () is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ugandan basketball player\nJohn Deng Geu (born January 1, 1997) is a Ugandan professional basketball player for SVBD of the LNB Pro B. He played college basketball for the North Dakota State Bison and the North Texas Mean Green. Early life. Geu was born in a refugee camp in Uganda as a son of South Sudanese parents. At age 6, he relocated to North Dakota. College career. In April 2019, Deng Geu left North Dakota State Bison men's basketball team. Geu was eligible to play immediately and did not have to sit out one year. There, he averaged 9.6 points per game in his last season. He appeared in a total of 97 games in three seasons for NDSU and made one start in 2016-17. Geu left NDSU with 645 points (6.6/game), 335 rebounds, and 57 blocks. Deng Geu later joined the University of North Texas where he graduated in 2020. Professional career. In September 2020, he signed his first professional contract with Horsens IC, holder of six titles in the Basketligaen, Denmark's top basketball league. On July 21, 2021, he has signed with Rasta Vechta of the German ProA. In five games, Geu averaged 1.4 points and 2.8 rebounds per game. Texas Legends (2021–2022). On November 15, 2021, he was acquired by the Texas Legends of the NBA G League. Lusitânia EXPERT (2022–present).",
"On September 9, 2022, Geu signed with Lusitânia EXPERT of the Liga Portuguesa de Basquetebol. National team. Deng Geu has been a member of Uganda's national basketball team, nicknamed the \"Silverbacks\". At the 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification in Nigeria he averaged 13.3 points and 11.3 rebounds per game. He further took part in the AfroCan 2019 qualifiers. Player profile. Horsens IC publicly stated that they hired Deng because of his defensive abilities. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | da59acd0-881b-42c0-b403-4b39e44a591c | What is John Floyd's occupation? | John Floyd (Georgia politician) | [
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"American politician, planter and military officer (1769 – 1839)\nBrigadier-General John Floyd (October 3, 1769 – June 24, 1839) was an American politician, planter and military officer who served in the 1st Brigade of the Georgia Militia during the War of 1812. One of the largest landowners and wealthiest men in Camden County, Georgia, Floyd also served in the Georgia House of Representatives, as well as the United States House of Representatives. Early and family life. John Floyd was born October 3, 1769, at Hilton Head, South Carolina in the Beaufort District, the only child of Charles Floyd and Mary Fendin. He was reared at Walnut Hill, his father's plantation on Hilton Head. Charles Floyd, owner and planter of Walnut Hill Plantation, had been born March 4, 1747, in Northampton County, Virginia, the son of Samuel Floyd and Susanna \"Susan\" Dixon. His parents both died in Northampton County when he was six. He went to live with his Dixon relatives, but three years later his uncle indentured the 9-year-old to a sea captain as a cabin boy. Charles Floyd spent fourteen years at sea, mainly on vessels in the Triangular trade, sailing to ports in Europe, Africa and elsewhere. Floyd then settled at Hilton Head, where he managed an indigo plantation. He married this Floyd's mother, Mary Fendin, in 1768 at St. Helena's Church in Beaufort District. Mary Fendin had been born April 15, 1746, in St. Helena's Parish, South Carolina, the daughter of John Fendin Jr. and Elizabeth Thomas.",
"The Floyds settled at Walnut Hill Plantation on the north side of Fish Haul Creek. During the American Revolutionary War in South Carolina, Charles was a member of the First Council of Safety. These men who favored independence raised a volunteer militia, the St. Helena Guards, whose hats bore a silver crescent with their motto, \"Liberty or Death\". In 1781, Charles Floyd, along with several others, all members of a war party called the \"Bloody Legion,\" avenged the death of Revolutionary War hero, Charles Davant, by a Tory. Charles Davant had married Elizabeth Fendin (Bland) who was sister to Mary Fendin, so he was Charles Floyd's brother-in-law. Captain Floyd distinguished himself in forays against the British and their colonial policies. In reprisal, Tories plundered and burned the Floyd family home, but teenaged John Floyd survived, as did his mother. When John Floyd was sixteen, he was apprenticed to a house carpenter for five years. He became so proficient at his work, he was offered an early release from the contract but refused, preferring to work the entire period. At night a distant cousin, Bernard Elliott, tutored him in a variety of subjects including higher mathematics and French. In later years, Floyd spoke this language fluently with guests who dined with him at Bellevue Plantation. While returning home one afternoon, John Floyd met Isabella Maria Hazzard on the road as she returned from school. Their relationship flourished. However, her aunt, Mrs. Sarah Hazzard Waight, had initially objected, claiming that Isabella Maria could do much better.",
"Isabella Maria (pronounced Mariah) Hazzard had been born January 3, 1773, in St. Marys, Camden County, Georgia, the daughter of Richard Hazzard III of Beaufort District, South Carolina and Phoebe Loftin of then-British East Florida. Some believe she was born at Loftin House, just south of the St. Marys River in Nassau County, Florida. In any event, after her mother's death, Isabella was raised, educated and groomed for society by Mrs. Waight, her father's cousin, in Beaufort, South Carolina. John Floyd married Isabella Maria Hazzard (1773–1859) on December 12, 1793, in Beaufort District, South Carolina. They had twelve children, including U.S. Army General Charles Rinaldo Floyd (1797–1845), Confederate General Richard Ferdinand Floyd (1810-1890), and Colonel Henry Hamilton Floyd (1817–1873). Charles Rinaldo Floyd predeceased his parents, as did his brothers John (1802–1830) and Henry (1808–1811) and sister Melinda (1812–1831). His brother Samuel (1814–1878) did not fight for the Confederacy, nor did he ever formally marry, but sold the remains of Bellevue to a former slave, and lived in St. Marys with a mulatto women, with whom he had six children before he was buried in an unmarked grave in a town cemetery. Georgia plantation career. In 1795, Charles Floyd (with his wife, Mary) and John Floyd (with his wife, Isabella Maria) moved from South Carolina to McIntosh County, Georgia.",
"They settled on adjoining farms near Darien, Georgia, called \"The Thickets\". In 1797, after the Treaty of Colerain, Charles Floyd ended the family's formal South Carolina ties by selling Walnut Hill Plantation to a wealthy planter, William Pope Sr.\nBellevue Plantation and Fairfield Plantation. In 1800, the Floyds again moved southward, this time to Camden County, Georgia. They purchased large tracts of land located south of the Satilla River, north of the Crooked River and west of the marshes and the Cumberland River to what is now I-95. Here, in this area that became known as \"Floyd's Neck,\" they built two large plantations a mile apart: \"Fairfield\" and \"Bellevue\". John Floyd built Fairfield on Floyd's Creek for himself. Fairfield House was built in traditional Southern style. The house sat near a high bluff that overlooked Floyd’s Basin toward the west and Floyd’s Creek toward the east. In 1831, John Floyd gave Fairfield Plantation to his eldest son, Charles Rinaldo Floyd. Charles Rinaldo Floyd added a two-story armory in order to display his collected weapons: Swords, lances, daggers, knives, double barrel guns, dueling and long shot rifles, carbines, pistols, dueling pistols, bows and arrows. At either end of the Fairfield House stood two tall brick chimneys with large interior mantles; the floors of the house were of Georgia heart of pine. The house also had a parlor, library and a small sketching room.",
"John Floyd built Bellevue within view of the marshes leading to Todd's Creek for his father, Charles. Family lore claims that Floyd built Bellevue Plantation shaped as an anchor to symbolize their fortunes' link to the sea. After his father died in 1820, John moved into Bellevue, enlarging it with two upper stories made of cypress. A blueprint of Bellevue, drawn by Hazlehurst Ross Noyes, a descendant of John Floyd, showed the three-level plantation house as a substantial dwelling. The ground floor or basement was made of tabby with walls over eight feet high and two feet thick; contained two huge fireplaces in which immense cauldrons hung on cranes, supplying hot water to the upper floor bathrooms; household storage areas; a kitchen area for last minute food preparation; the informal dining room and the curved billiard room. The first floor included a long hall, family bedrooms, dressing room, three bathrooms, children’s room, large formal dining room with double fireplaces and the drawing room. The second floor had guest rooms, fireplace and a library filled with John Floyd’s vast collection of books, some quite valuable. Raised open piazzas on two sides of the building featured heavy round columns supporting the roofs. Imposing steps lead down from the south piazza to a terrace and manicured formal lawn beyond. Both plantations became known for their landscaping and gardens. Bellevue's curved billiard room overlooked a crescent-shaped garden, from which roses extended for a half acre. A mile-long avenue of moss-draped live oaks and cedar trees connected the two plantations, with flowering bulbs and myrtles dotted beneath."
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"doc_chunk": "American politician, planter and military officer (1769 – 1839)\nBrigadier-General John Floyd (October 3, 1769 – June 24, 1839) was an American politician, planter and military officer who served in the 1st Brigade of the Georgia Militia during the War of 1812. One of the largest landowners and wealthiest men in Camden County, Georgia, Floyd also served in the Georgia House of Representatives, as well as the United States House of Representatives. Early and family life. John Floyd was born October 3, 1769, at Hilton Head, South Carolina in the Beaufort District, the only child of Charles Floyd and Mary Fendin. He was reared at Walnut Hill, his father's plantation on Hilton Head. Charles Floyd, owner and planter of Walnut Hill Plantation, had been born March 4, 1747, in Northampton County, Virginia, the son of Samuel Floyd and Susanna \"Susan\" Dixon. His parents both died in Northampton County when he was six. He went to live with his Dixon relatives, but three years later his uncle indentured the 9-year-old to a sea captain as a cabin boy. Charles Floyd spent fourteen years at sea, mainly on vessels in the Triangular trade, sailing to ports in Europe, Africa and elsewhere. Floyd then settled at Hilton Head, where he managed an indigo plantation. He married this Floyd's mother, Mary Fendin, in 1768 at St. Helena's Church in Beaufort District. Mary Fendin had been born April 15, 1746, in St. Helena's Parish, South Carolina, the daughter of John Fendin Jr. and Elizabeth Thomas.",
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popqa | 8e7e3452-5510-40d9-ac52-738cb7384ec4 | What is Sachiko Kokubu's occupation? | Sachiko Kokubu | [
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" is a feminine Japanese given name that means \"\"child of bliss\".\" It also means \"happiness\" when it is written with the kanji characters 幸子. One common short form of the name is \"Sachi\". Fictional characters. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
" was a city located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on February 1, 1955. As of 2003, the city had an estimated population of 55,237 and the density of 450.88 persons per km2. The total area was 122.51 km2. On November 7, 2005, Kokubu, along with the towns of Kirishima (former), Fukuyama, Hayato, Makizono, Mizobe and Yokogawa (all from Aira District), was merged to create the city of Kirishima and no longer exists as an independent municipality. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese samurai\n was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku through early Edo period. He was a fifth son of Date Harumune. Morishige, also known by his court title \"Noto no Kami\" 能登守, was the uncle of Date Masamune. He was also the last lord of Matsumori Castle. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Kokubu Station (国分駅) is the name of two train stations in Japan:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about railway and public transport stations with the same name."
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popqa | 68c18f33-3e20-4749-88f1-bb474eb30da0 | What is Akari Hayami's occupation? | Akari Hayami | [
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" is a Japanese actress, model and former idol singer. She is known as a former member and subleader of the female musical group Momoiro Clover Z; her Momoiro Clover image color was blue. Career. Akari Hayami was scouted near her graduation from elementary school and was signed to the agency Stardust Promotion. On November 23, 2008, together with Yukina Kashiwa (presently a member of Nogizaka46) and Ayaka Sasaki she was added to her agency's girl group Momoiro Clover. The group existed since 2008 and its name signified that they were \"innocent girls who wanted to spread happiness\". At the time, Momoiro Clover performed on the walkways in Yoyogi Park in Shibuya, Tokyo, but with the release of its first indie single in summer of the next year the group quickly rose to fame. On January 16, 2011, at a launch event for the single \"Mirai Bowl\", set for release on March 9, Akari announced that she would leave Momoiro Clover in April. The announcement came suddenly to the 500 fans that were present. As for Momoiro Clover leader Kanako Momota, she only learned about it three days prior. Akari explained to the fans: \"Ever since I was little, my personality wasn't suited to being an idol. [...] There were times when I was fed up of being in Momoclo.\"",
"The date of Akari's withdrawal from the group had been already determined, her last concert was to be held on April 10 at Nakano Sun Plaza. As Akari recalled later, one year after leaving Momoiro Clover, she entered entertainment industry with the aim to be an actress and a model. In her days in the group, she struggled with being known as an idol. Rather than \"idol Akarin\" from Momoiro Clover, she wanted to be \"actress and model Akari Hayami\". During her final concert with Momoclo, it was announced that the group without Akari would be renamed Momoiro Clover Z. Towards the end of the concert, other members surprised Akari performing a new song called for her. The song was subsequently released as a limited-issue CD single. After leaving the group, Akari Hayami was mainly active as a fashion magazine model. She also starred in the Universal Music Japan cheerleading movie \"Cheerfu11y\", which came out on October 22, 2011. In September, after the movie announcement came the news that she would be in a new TV Tokyo sitcom series entitled \"Urero Mikakunin Shōjo\" that would start airing on October 7, 2011. The series also features her former Momoiro Clover bandmates. In November 2012, Momoiro Clover Z was invited to the \"Kohaku Uta Gassen\", an annual New Year's Eve music show on NHK. To qualify for Kohaku had been the girls' dream and common goal as a group also when Akari was in Momoiro Clover.",
"She congratulated her former bandmates in her blog and expressed the desire to appear at Kohaku together with them. In homage to her wish, Momoiro Clover Z performed the song Ikuze! Kaitō Shōjo in Kohaku with the version that included her name on it. In May 2014, Akari Hayami appeared in her first leading role in a feature film called \"My Pretend Girlfriend\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Hayami (written: 速見, 速水 or 早見) is a Japanese surname and can refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Akari may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title ."
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popqa | e9a21d20-3a8c-47ee-bae8-2682720ec526 | What is Paris's occupation? | Paris (actor under Domitian) | [
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"Paris was an actor in Rome in the 1st century AD. Born in Egypt, he came to Rome in the reign of Domitian, where his skills as a pantomimus won him popular favour, noblewomen as lovers, influence within the imperial court and the power to promote his favourites within the court. That influence would seem to be demonstrated by the story of Juvenal's banishment to Egypt for attacking Paris. His affair with Domitian's wife Domitia Longina led Domitian to divorce her and murder Paris, and even to kill one of Paris' pupils merely for looking like Paris and ordinary people for mourning Paris' death by placing flowers and perfumes on the site where he was murdered. Martial composed \"Epigram\" xi.13 in Paris' honour, calling him \"sales Nili\" (wit of the Nile) and \"Romani decus et dolor theatri\" (ornament and grief of the Roman theatre-world). He is also recorded in Juv. vi.82-87 and was the subject of Philip Massinger's play \"The Roman Actor\". Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"2024 French action-horror disaster film directed by Xavier Gens\nUnder Paris () is a 2024 French action-horror disaster film directed by Xavier Gens, who co-wrote it with Yannick Dahan, Maud Heywang, Yaël Langmann and Olivier Torres. It stars Bérénice Bejo as a grieving marine biologist who is forced to face her tragic past in order to save Paris from a bloodbath when a giant shark appears in the Seine. Produced on a budget of €19.6 million, the film was released by Netflix on 5 June 2024, and initially received mixed-to-positive reviews, with some critics comparing it to \"Jaws\" (1975) and other films of the shark movie genre. Subsequent reviews have been favorable. Plot. Near the Great Pacific garbage patch, marine researcher Sophia Assalas and her team search for Lilith, a tagged shortfin mako shark. Her husband Chris leads a dive team of Sam, Juan and Tom, leaving Sophia and Jade onboard. The team first observe an unusual sight of makos hunting in a pack, before they locate Lilith, who has grown much larger since she was last sighted. With the shark appearing non-aggressive, Chris attempts to take a blood sample from Lilith, but the shark suddenly snaps and kills him, Sam, Juan and Tom. Leaving the safety of the boat, Sophia goes after Lilith, but becomes entangled in a net and dragged far beneath the surface as the shark escapes into the depths. She manages to free herself, but not before suffering injuries due to the severe change in pressure.",
"Three years later, Sophia works at an aquarium in Paris. Mika and Ben, environmentalists, informs Sophia that Lilith's tracking beacon is still active and that she has travelled from the Pacific and up the River Seine and is seemingly trapped in the city. After a man is found dead with wounds from shark bites, police diver Adil recruits Sophia to help find and kill the shark, but Mika and Ben turn off the beacon before they can do so in the hope that they can rescue her later. Sophia and Adil petition the Mayor of Paris to postpone the upcoming triathlon. The mayor refuses, emphasizing the event's importance for focusing global attention on Paris during the run-up to the Olympic Games which billions of euros have already been spent on. Mika reveals Lilith's existence to the public, and leads a group of supporters into the city's catacombs, where the city's wastewater reservoirs are, to find her. Ben tells Sophia of Mika's plan, and she and Adil's team head down into the catacombs to find them after reactivating Lilith's beacon. Mika activates a pulse to lure Lilith to where her group have convened, and swims out to the middle of the reservoir. Adil's team arrives just as Lilith appears with a juvenile shark, Lilith's offspring. Mika refuses to hear warnings to get out of the water, and after she pets the juvenile shark, Lilith attacks and kills her, causing a mass panic that leads to many injuries and twelve deaths, including Ben and Leopold, a police officer on Adil's team.",
"In the aftermath Sophia and Adil find the juvenile shark dead, and after examining it they discover that it's a female that mutated to adapt to fresh water and became pregnant through parthenogenesis, like Lilith. Sophia concludes that if Lilith is not caught, she may give birth to more mutated offspring. The Mayor, deflecting blame from herself, orders them to kill the shark, and still refuses to cancel the triathlon to be held in the river the following day. She takes part in a TV interview downplaying the danger the sharks present. Sophia and Adil devise a plan to lure Lilith out of the catacombs and blow her up with the help of explosives experts Poiccard and Berruti. As the mayor declares the triathalon open, and swimmers take to the water, Adil's team Caro, Adama, Angèle and Markus begin to execute the plan. Underwater, Sophia and Adil encounter a large school of juvenile sharks as they set up their trap. The sharks kill Poiccard, Berruti and Adama before Adil sets the explosives off, seemingly destroying the school of young sharks and leaving the gigantic Lilith as the only survivor. She capsizes the police boat, killing Caro and Markus, and she heads towards the triathlon. The mayor and the spectators look on in horror as several swimmers are attacked and killed. The military open fire on Lilith, despite warnings from Adil that there are live shells on the riverbed.",
"The disturbance in the water from their gunfire and Lilith's movements causes unexploded ordnance at the bottom of the river to shift and detonate, throwing the Mayor, Angèle, and many spectators into the water. The resulting chain reaction of explosions destroys several bridges and creates a tsunami that entirely floods the center of Paris. Sophia and Adil are left stranded on the roof of a building in the middle of the flood, surrounded by Lilith and the juvenile sharks that have survived the explosions. As the end credits suggest, Lilith and her offspring have proliferated in the major river cities of the world (Paris, London, New York, Bangkok, Venice and Tokyo), and seem to have, as Sophia feared, colonized the entire world. Cast. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>* Bérénice Bejo as Sophia\nReception. Critical response. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, of 43 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 5.9/10. The website's consensus reads: \"Marrying environmental themes with bloody thrills, this Gallic entry into the shark attack canon ultimately lands on the right side of ridiculous fun.\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the a score of 57 out of 100, based on 6 critics, indicating . Despite this, the film achieved the number one position on Netflix in the top ten of the most viewed films worldwide on the streaming service. In the first week, the film was viewed more than 40 million times. References."
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popqa | 80a1cedb-aec4-468d-81ec-9d3ef02a8145 | What is Fairfax M. Cone's occupation? | Fairfax M. Cone | [
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"American businessman (1903–1977)\nFairfax Mastick Cone (February 21, 1903 – June 20, 1977) or Fax Cone, was an American businessperson, advertising executive and the former director of the American Association of Advertising Agencies. Early years. Cone's father was a prospector and a mining engineer. His mother, Isabelle Fairfax Williams (1869–1940), was a schoolteacher in San Francisco. In 1921 Cone enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley, originally intending to be an illustrator. Eventually he graduated with a degree in English. Due to a problem with his credentials, Cone got a job as an advertising clerk with the \"San Francisco Examiner\" rather than a teaching fellowship. In 1928, Cone left the paper for an advertising agency, thus embarking on a career that would leave an indelible mark on his life. Advertising career. After a year with the L.H. Waldron advertising agency, Cone joined Lord and Thomas as a copywriter. Despite health problems stemming from an over-active pancreas, Cone steadily rose up the corporate ladder, eventually impressing the head of the firm, Albert Lasker. In 1941, Lasker wished to retire and liquidate Lord and Thomas, but he passed of the bulk of the agency's clients to three of his rising stars; Emerson Foote, Don Belding, and Cone. On December 29, 1942, the three opened a new agency, Foote, Cone and Belding.",
"Following the retirements of Foote and Belding (whose positions were subsequently filled by others), Cone became the last of the three founders on the board of directors, a position he retained until 1975. In 1946, he became the director of the American Association of Advertising Agencies. He is sometimes called the \"father of modern advertising\" and is a member of the American National Business Hall of Fame. He died in Monterey, California.",
"Geometric shape\nA cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex. A cone is formed by a set of line segments, half-lines, or lines connecting a common point, the apex, to all of the points on a base that is in a plane that does not contain the apex. Depending on the author, the base may be restricted to be a circle, any one-dimensional quadratic form in the plane, any closed one-dimensional figure, or any of the above plus all the enclosed points. If the enclosed points are included in the base, the cone is a solid object; otherwise it is a two-dimensional object in three-dimensional space. In the case of a solid object, the boundary formed by these lines or partial lines is called the \"lateral surface\"; if the lateral surface is unbounded, it is a conical surface. In the case of line segments, the cone does not extend beyond the base, while in the case of half-lines, it extends infinitely far. In the case of lines, the cone extends infinitely far in both directions from the apex, in which case it is sometimes called a double cone. Either half of a double cone on one side of the apex is called a \"nappe\". The axis of a cone is the straight line (if any), passing through the apex, about which the base (and the whole cone) has a circular symmetry.",
"In common usage in elementary geometry, cones are assumed to be right circular, where \"circular\" means that the base is a circle and \"right\" means that the axis passes through the centre of the base at right angles to its plane. If the cone is right circular the intersection of a plane with the lateral surface is a conic section. In general, however, the base may be any shape and the apex may lie anywhere (though it is usually assumed that the base is bounded and therefore has finite area, and that the apex lies outside the plane of the base). Contrasted with right cones are oblique cones, in which the axis passes through the centre of the base non-perpendicularly. A cone with a polygonal base is called a pyramid. Depending on the context, \"cone\" may also mean specifically a convex cone or a projective cone. Cones can also be generalized to higher dimensions. Further terminology. The perimeter of the base of a cone is called the \"directrix\", and each of the line segments between the directrix and apex is a \"generatrix\" or \"generating line\" of the lateral surface. (For the connection between this sense of the term \"directrix\" and the directrix of a conic section, see Dandelin spheres.) The \"base radius\" of a circular cone is the radius of its base; often this is simply called the radius of the cone. The aperture of a right circular cone is the maximum angle between two generatrix lines; if the generatrix makes an angle \"θ\" to the axis, the aperture is 2\"θ\".",
"In optics, the angle \"θ\" is called the half-angle of the cone, to distinguish it from the aperture. A cone with a region including its apex cut off by a plane is called a truncated cone; if the truncation plane is parallel to the cone's base, it is called a \"frustum\". An elliptical cone is a cone with an elliptical base. A generalized cone is the surface created by the set of lines passing through a vertex and every point on a boundary (also see visual hull). Measurements and equations. Volume. The volume formula_1 of any conic solid is one third of the product of the area of the base formula_2 and the height formula_3 \nformula_4\nIn modern mathematics, this formula can easily be computed using calculus — it is, up to scaling, the integral formula_5 Without using calculus, the formula can be proven by comparing the cone to a pyramid and applying Cavalieri's principle – specifically, comparing the cone to a (vertically scaled) right square pyramid, which forms one third of a cube. This formula cannot be proven without using such infinitesimal arguments – unlike the 2-dimensional formulae for polyhedral area, though similar to the area of the circle – and hence admitted less rigorous proofs before the advent of calculus, with the ancient Greeks using the method of exhaustion."
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"doc_chunk": "American businessman (1903–1977)\nFairfax Mastick Cone (February 21, 1903 – June 20, 1977) or Fax Cone, was an American businessperson, advertising executive and the former director of the American Association of Advertising Agencies. Early years. Cone's father was a prospector and a mining engineer. His mother, Isabelle Fairfax Williams (1869–1940), was a schoolteacher in San Francisco. In 1921 Cone enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley, originally intending to be an illustrator. Eventually he graduated with a degree in English. Due to a problem with his credentials, Cone got a job as an advertising clerk with the \"San Francisco Examiner\" rather than a teaching fellowship. In 1928, Cone left the paper for an advertising agency, thus embarking on a career that would leave an indelible mark on his life. Advertising career. After a year with the L.H. Waldron advertising agency, Cone joined Lord and Thomas as a copywriter. Despite health problems stemming from an over-active pancreas, Cone steadily rose up the corporate ladder, eventually impressing the head of the firm, Albert Lasker. In 1941, Lasker wished to retire and liquidate Lord and Thomas, but he passed of the bulk of the agency's clients to three of his rising stars; Emerson Foote, Don Belding, and Cone. On December 29, 1942, the three opened a new agency, Foote, Cone and Belding.",
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popqa | d423a7eb-9ba3-4492-aec2-d47c6a5161f2 | What is Albert Bates's occupation? | Albert Bates | [
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"American lawyer\nAlbert Kealiinui Bates (born January 1, 1947) is a member of the intentional community and ecovillage movements. A lawyer, author and teacher, he has been director of the Global Village Institute for Appropriate Technology since 1984 and of the Ecovillage Training Center at The Farm in Summertown, Tennessee, since 1994. Bates has been a resident of The Farm since 1972. A former attorney, he argued environmental and civil rights cases before the U.S. Supreme Court and drafted a number of legislative Acts during a 26-year legal career. The holder of a number of design patents, Bates invented the concentrating photovoltaic arrays and solar-powered automobile displayed at the 1982 World's Fair. He served on the steering committee of Plenty International for 18 years, focussing on relief and development work with indigenous peoples, human rights and the environment. An emergency medical technician (EMT), he was a founding member of The Farm Ambulance Service. He was also a licensed Amateur Radio operator. Life and work. Bates first came to national prominence in 1978 when he sued to shut down the entire U.S. nuclear fuel cycle from mines to waste repositories. The case, which went four times to the United States Supreme Court and was later profiled in a law review article and two books, was ultimately unsuccessful but raised troubling questions about the health effects of nuclear energy and the ethical dimensions — and civil liberties implications — of the federal role in promoting power deployment while actively suppressing and concealing public health effects.",
"Bates has played a major role in the ecovillage movement as one of the organizers of the Global Ecovillage Network (GEN), and served as GEN's chairman of the board (from 2002 to 2003) and president (from 2003 to 2004). He was also the principal organizer of the Ecovillage Network of the Americas and served as its president (from 1996 to 2003). In 1994 he founded the Ecovillage Training Center, a \"whole systems immersion experience of ecovillage living.\" He has taught courses in sustainable design, natural building, permaculture and technologies of the future to students from more than 50 nations. Bates' \"Climate in Crisis\" (1990) was the first book published on web (rolled paper) press using a 100% recycled product without chemically removing clays or inks. Since then, he has been planting a private forest to sequester carbon dioxide and related greenhouse gas emissions from travel, business and personal activities. At 40 acres under mixed-age, mixed-species, climate-resilient management, primarily being managed for ecosystem services, that forest now annually plants itself as it expands. Awards. In 1980, Bates shared in the first Right Livelihood Award as part of the executive board of Plenty International. In 2012, he received the Gaia Award from Gaia Trust of Denmark for his efforts in fostering the ecovillage movement. Published works. Bates is author of many books on law, energy, history and environment, including:\n\"The Post-petroleum Survival Guide and Cookbook: Recipes for Changing Times\", was published in 2006.",
"In it Bates examines the transition from a society based on abundant cheap petroleum to one of \"compelled conservation.\" The book looks at the ways of preparing for this transition. He regards the coming change as an opportunity to \"redeem our essential interconnectedness with nature and with each other.\" In his introduction, Bates outlines the realities of declining fossil energy and global climate change. He puts forward a \"twelve step petrochemical addiction recovery program,\" from post-growth economics through methods to conserve fresh water, manage wastes, generate energy, produce and store food, and travel without the aid of fossil fuels. As a review by Ryan McGreal states: \"The central message in this book is sustainability and permaculture. A recurring theme is that every waste product is something else's food, and that the most sustainable arrangement works with the prevailing conditions, not against them.\" McGreal summarizes Bates' proposals for human adaptation as follows:\nInstead of wasting energy trying to fight nature, it makes more sense to understand nature and use it to your mutual benefit. This, of course, means the end of one-size-fits-all industrial solutions and a return to decentralized, idiosyncratic plans based on local conditions. \"The Biochar Solution: Carbon farming and Climate Change\", was published in 2010. In it Bates traces the evolution of carbon-enriching agriculture from the ancient black soils of the Amazon to its reappearance as a modern climate restoration strategy.",
"In \"The Biochar Solution\", Bates repeats the urgency of declining fossil energy, especially in the context of chemical and energy-intensive progressive agriculture and global climate change. He proposes a carbon-oriented agricultural revolution that could double world food supplies while simultaneously building soil fertility and lowering atmospheric and oceanic concentrations of carbon. Bates suggests that, if sourced cautiously, biochar energy systems could eliminate fossil fuel dependency, bring new life to desertified landscapes, purify drinking water, and build carbon-negative homes, communities and economies. Peter Bane, the editor of Permaculture Activist, describes Bates' talents in this way:\nIf there is a smart, multi-functional, low-cost, democratic strategy that can help to pull carbon out of the atmosphere, it's probably in this book: chinampas, step-harvest planting of trees (with six times the carbon density per acre), harnessing youth to the task, agroforestry, greening the desert, uneven-aged forest management, carbon farming, the soil food web, and more. Each of these gets a relatively brief, punchy, and fairly technical description. Bates is a good and stylish writer; he has an ear for the pithy phrase, and reading him is generally a pleasure. This book, based on original scholarship, vast knowledge of a rapidly changing global field, and the arcana of many loosely linked disciplines brings the skills and interests of its polymath author together for a supremely important purpose.",
"Bates' \"The Paris Agreement: the best chance we have to save the one planet we've got\" was published just weeks after the close of COP-21, the United Nations Conference on Climate Change in December 2015. The book follows Bates' year-long travels leading up to the Paris conference, the delicate and often fractious negotiations, and dissects the final document agreed to by 196 countries. It includes anecdotes from a range of surroundings, from inside the halls of Le Bourget to boating the Seine with indigenous peoples there to protest the talks. In 2019, no fewer than four books by Bates were published by various publishers. In \"Burn: Using Fire to Cool the Earth\", Bates says we need to radically alter how humans live on Earth. In 2020, Chelsea Green brought out a paper edition as \"Burn: Igniting a New Carbon Drawdown Economy to End the Climate Crisis.\" We have to go from spending carbon to banking it. We have to put back the trees, wetlands, and corals. We have to regrow the soil and turn back the desert. We have to save whales, wombats, and wolves. We have to reverse the flow of greenhouse gases and send them in exactly the opposite direction: down, not up. We have to flip the carbon cycle and run it backward. For such a revolutionary transformation we’ll need civilization 2.0."
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popqa | f80d260e-da2b-4eeb-b123-4646f089d609 | What is Heath's occupation? | Heath (musician) | [
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"Japanese musician (1968–2023)\n, known exclusively by his stage name Heath, was a Japanese musician and singer-songwriter. He was best known as bass guitarist of the rock band X Japan from 1992 to 1997, and again from 2007 until his death in 2023. After performing in bands such as Paranoia and Media Youth, Heath joined X Japan in August 1992, replacing Taiji who had left earlier in the year. They released two number one studio albums, \"Art of Life\" (1993) and \"Dahlia\" (1996), before disbanding in 1997. Heath then focused on his solo career, which he started in 1995, before forming Dope HEADz with X Japan guitarist Pata and former Spread Beaver percussionist/programmer I.N.A. in 2000. The group ceased activity after its second album in 2002. Heath reunited with X Japan in 2007 and continued to perform and record with them sporadically for the next 16 years, until his death from colon cancer in October 2023. Career. 1986–2006: Early bands, X Japan and solo career. The first band Heath became a fan of was Mötley Crüe, followed by Deep Purple, Rainbow, and Kiss. He started playing in bands himself during junior high school. When one of these groups decided each member should have a stage name, Hiroshi choose Heath, which was derived from his nickname . His first known band was the heavy metal group Paranoia, which he joined in 1986 as bassist. They released one studio album in 1987 before splitting up the following year, with vocalist Nov moving on to the thrash metal band Aion.",
"In 1988, Heath joined Sweet Beet as vocalist for a year. After moving to Tokyo in 1990, he was introduced to Hide of X through a common friend, and attended their Nippon Budokan concert in May. In 1991 Heath performed at Extasy Summit '91, an event put on by X drummer Yoshiki's Extasy Records, with a band called Majestic Isabelle. In April 1992 he joined Sweet Death, a band produced by Extasy that he had previously played with in 1990. That same year the band's new leader Kiyoshi (who years later joined Spread Beaver), decided to change their name to Media Youth. Heath did not stay with them long, because in May 1992, Hide invited him to join X after a rehearsal with the band. Heath explained that Hide asked him to record with X as they were lacking a bassist and gave him a demo tape of about five songs to learn. After playing with the band in a studio, he received a phone call almost immediately after getting home from Hide, who told him that everyone liked him and to consider officially joining. In June, Heath left Media Youth and on August 24, 1992, at a press conference in New York City at Rockefeller Center, it was announced that he had joined X Japan. At the same time, the band announced the changing of their name from \"X\" to \"X Japan\". Heath's first concert with them was the October 1992 Extasy Summit, and the following year they released \"Art of Life\", which topped the Oricon Albums Chart.",
"However, that year the members of X Japan took a break to start solo projects. \"Dahlia\", which would become the band's last album, was released on November 4, 1996, and once again, it reached the number one spot. In September 1997, it was announced that X Japan would disband. They performed their farewell show, aptly titled The Last Live, at the Tokyo Dome on December 31, 1997. In 1995, Heath began a solo career with a self-titled box set, containing a five-track CD and a home video, that was released on February 22. His October 1996 single \"Meikyuu no Lovers\" was used as the ending theme of the \"Detective Conan\" anime adaptation and reached number 10 on the Oricon Singles Chart. His first album, \"Gang Age Cubist\", followed in June 1998. For the 1999 Hide tribute album, \"Tribute Spirits\", Heath teamed up with X Japan guitarist Pata and former Spread Beaver percussionist/programmer I.N.A. to cover the song \"Celebration\". He reunited with them in 2000 when they formed Dope HEADz, adding vocalist Jo:Ya. They released two singles and an album in 2002 when they recruited new singer Shame and released \"Planet of Dope\", but ceased activity soon after its release. On December 29, 2003, the bassist announced a new project with former Craze vocalist Shinichiro Suzuki called Rats, but after the release of their re-recording of Heath's \"Traitor\", the project was ended on August 29, 2004.",
"That same year he formed a band called Lynx, with Der Zibet vocalist Issay, but they did not release any recordings. In 2005, Heath restarted his solo activities after a seven-year hiatus. \"Desert Rain\", his second and final studio album, was released on July 16, 2006. 2007–2023: X Japan reunion. According to a report by the newspaper \"Sponichi\", X Japan vocalist Toshi visited drummer Yoshiki in Los Angeles in November 2006 to work on a song as a tribute to the late guitarist Hide. In March 2007, Toshi announced on his website that he and Yoshiki had recently resumed working together, stating that a \"new project\" would commence soon. Rumors of a X Japan reunion subsequently began, and in June Yoshiki was reported as having expressed interest in a tour and that he was in talks with Heath and Pata regarding their participation. On October 22, 2007, X Japan announced their reunion and released the \"Saw IV\" theme song, \"I.V.\". In mid-March 2009, it was reported in the media that Heath was having issues with his personal management agency, that X Japan's concerts in South Korea on the 21st and 22nd were cancelled as a result, and that the bassist might leave the band. On April 20, Heath's offer to withdraw from X Japan was confirmed to \"Sankei Sports\", but it was not accepted by bandleader Yoshiki.",
"The day before their May 2009 Tokyo Dome concerts, Heath explained that he was questioning who he was as an artist, but decided to stay in the band after talking to Yoshiki. In 2010, X Japan went on their first North American tour from September 25 to October 10. Their first world tour began with four gigs in Europe from June 28 to July 4, 2011, and was resumed from September to October with five shows in South America and five in Asia. In response to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami that occurred in Japan on March 11, 2011, Heath supported X Japan vocalist Toshi in eight concerts throughout western Japan in April. All of the shows were acoustic in support of nationwide power conservation efforts and also featured Luna Sea's Shinya and the Orchestra Ensemble Kanazawa. All proceeds were donated to the Japanese Red Cross to aid the victims. Heath performed at the 25th anniversary concert of his X Japan band mate Sugizo that was held at Zepp Haneda on November 29, 2022. He played bass during \"Enola Gay Reloaded\", \"Misogi\", and \"Tell Me Why?\". Heath appeared at the \"Evening / Breakfast with Yoshiki 2023 in Tokyo Japan Sekaiichi Gōkana Dinner Show\" event on August 20, 2023, where he performed \"Rusty Nail\" on bass with Yoshiki on piano. It turned out to be his final public performance due to his death two months later. Death."
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popqa | 39576651-e3e0-4925-b6e4-1ca30630ee22 | What is Yoshiki Tonogai's occupation? | Yoshiki Tonogai | [
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"Japanese manga artist\n is a Japanese manga artist from Shiga Prefecture, Japan. He is notable as the illustrator of one of the \"Higurashi When They Cry\" manga adaptations, \"Time Killing Arc\". He is also the creator of \"Doubt\", which was completed in February 2009. He followed up the \"Doubt\" series with two spiritual sequels, \"Judge\" and \"Secret\", all connected by the recurring appearance of the iconic Rabbit mask from \"Doubt\". \"Doubt\" has been published in the US by Yen Press in its entirety in two volumes in April and July 2013, and the entire six-book series of \"Judge\" and the three-book series of \"Secret\" have been published by them as well. They have also been published in various countries in Europe. Tonogai is a former assistant of Atsushi Ohkubo, and he has left a message commemorating the \"Soul Eater\" anime adaptation in the Spring 2008 issue of \"Fresh Gangan\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Yoshiki is a masculine Japanese given name. Possible writings. Yoshiki can be written using many different combinations of kanji characters. Here are some examples:\nThe name can also be written in hiragana よしき or katakana ヨシキ. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Japanese footballer\n is a former Japanese football player. He previously played for Roasso Kumamoto and Shonan Bellmare. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese footballer\n is a former Japanese football player. Playing career. Maeda was born in Saga Prefecture on August 29, 1975. In 1997, when he was Fukuoka University student, he joined Japan Football League club Sagan Tosu. Although he could not play at all in the match behind Riki Takasaki until 1998, the club was promoted to new league J2 League from 1999. Although he debuted in 1999, he could not play many matches until 2001. In 2002, he moved to Japan Football League club Alouette Kumamoto. However he could not play many matches and retired end of 2002 season. After retirement from football. In 2012 Maeda started working with Konami as a motion actor for Pro Evolution Soccer videogames. He was a motion actor for all the parts of this game series since Pro Evolution Soccer 2013. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese footballer\n is a former Japanese football player. Playing career. Nakai was born in Takatsuki on January 4, 1983. He joined J1 League club Cerezo Osaka from youth team in 2001. He could not play at all in the match in 2001 and Cerezo was relegated to J2 League end of 2001 season. He debuted in April 2002 and played several matches as midfielder. Cerezo was also returned to J1 end of 2002 season. However he could hardly play in the match from 2003. In 2006, he moved to J2 club Thespa Kusatsu. He became a regular player as defensive midfielder soon and played many matches in 2006 season. However he could hardly play in the match in 2007 season. In July 2007, he moved to Japan Football League (JFL) club Sagawa Printing (later \"Sagawa Printing Kyoto\", \"SP Kyoto FC\"). He became a regular player and played many matches until 2010. In 2011, he moved to JFL club V-Varen Nagasaki. He played as regular player in 2011. However he could not play many matches in 2012 season. Although V-Varen won the champions in 2012 season and was promoted to J2 from 2013, he left the club without playing J2. In 2013, he re-joined Sagawa Printing for the first time in 3 years. He played many matches until 2015. However the club was disbanded end of 2015 season and he retired end of 2015 season. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | c005f888-4c96-44f4-875b-a769cbd6e20c | What is Thomas R. Whitney's occupation? | Thomas R. Whitney | [
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"American journalist\nThomas Richard Whitney (May 2, 1807 – April 12, 1858) was a nineteenth-century politician and writer from New York. Biography. Born in New York City, New York, Whitney was the son of a silversmith. He pursued classical studies and worked as a jeweler, engraver and watchmaker before turning to journalism and politics as editor of the \"New York Sunday Times\". He later published his own paper, the \"Sunday Morning News\", and a magazine, \"The Republic\". He was a member of the Silver Gray (pro-Millard Fillmore and anti-William H. Seward) faction of the Whig Party, and served as Clerk of the city's Board of Assistant Aldermen. He ran unsuccessfully for the New York State Assembly in 1852. He served as a Whig member of the New York State Senate (4th D.) in 1854 and 1855. He later became a member of the American Party, also called the Know Nothing Party, and authored 1856's popular \"A Defence of the American Policy\", a book which provided an explanation of the Know Nothing platform and policy objectives. As a Know Nothing, in 1854 Whitney was elected to the 34th United States Congress, and he served from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1857. During the extended balloting for Speaker of the House in December 1855, Whitney consistently received one vote, that of Henry Mills Fuller. Whitney became ill during his term in Congress, and traveled to South America in an effort to regain his health. He died in New York City on April 12, 1858, about three weeks after returning home.",
"He was interred in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
" <ns>0</ns>\n <revision>\n <parentid>579801322</parentid>\n <timestamp>2020-06-05T13:27:09Z</timestamp>\n <contributor>\n <username>Narky Blert</username>\n </contributor>\n <comment>+1 SA</comment>\n <origin>960891745</origin>\n <model>wikitext</model>\n <format>text/x-wiki</format>\nThomas Whitney may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"American chemist (1926–2012)\nWillis Rodney Whitney (August 22, 1868 – January 9, 1958) was an American chemist and founder of the research laboratory of the General Electric Company. He is known as the \"father of industrial research\" in the United States for blending the worlds of research and industry together; which at the time, were two very distinct careers. He is also known for his corrosion theory of iron which he developed after studying at M.I.T. and the University of Leipzig. Whitney was also a professor at M.I.T. for some time before his career transition into research directing. He received many awards, including the Willard Gibbs medal, the Franklin medal, the Perkin medal, the Edison medal, the John Fritz medal, the Chandler medal, and many others. He was an astute believer in researching and experimenting for pleasure and voiced his belief at various science conferences. Personal life. Whitney was born in Jamestown, New York, the son of John Jay Whitney and Agnes (\"nee\" Reynolds) Whitney. He had a sister named Caroline Whitney Barrett. Whitney was curious from the very start. He would wonder why things were the way that they were and often performed various experiments at home. Notably, he wondered why bark grew stronger on one side of trees, what pigeon talons looked like compared to chicken talons, and how things looked like at a microscopic scale. His curiosity of the microscopic was driven by a free YMCA class he attended with his friends. The class taught by William C.J.",
"Hall, a millowner in Jamestown, showed the boys how to prepare specimens and use an optical microscope. Whitney also learned from his father, a furniture maker and business owner, how to make and use a ledger. He and his friends started a junk-collecting business, going around town collecting scraps. They would wait until the market price rose for scrap and then sell them for a profit. Whitney and his friends eventually invested in bicycles with their saved allowances to maximize their business's reach. He would also often work for his father in his father's factory. Whitney attended Jamestown Free School as a young boy. One day, he met Evelyn Jones on their way to class. She had lost a nickel in the tall grass and was crying that she could not find it. Whitney stopped and helped her find it. Gradually the two spent more and more time together. Whitney decided that he would get a bicycle to go on rides with her; however the bicycle cost nearly the same as a microscope he had hoped to get. He ended up getting the microscope first and then the bicycle. Eventually the two became husband and wife. They had a daughter named Evelyn \"Ennin\" (\"nee\" Whitney) Van Alstyne Schermerhorn. She was born on May 13, 1892. As a child, Whitney was Presbyterian and very religious. His formal religion started to fade as he read the likes of Mark Twain, but he kept his faith until his death. He would teach Sunday school in Boston's Chinatown during his time as a student at M.I.T."
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"doc_chunk": "American journalist\nThomas Richard Whitney (May 2, 1807 – April 12, 1858) was a nineteenth-century politician and writer from New York. Biography. Born in New York City, New York, Whitney was the son of a silversmith. He pursued classical studies and worked as a jeweler, engraver and watchmaker before turning to journalism and politics as editor of the \"New York Sunday Times\". He later published his own paper, the \"Sunday Morning News\", and a magazine, \"The Republic\". He was a member of the Silver Gray (pro-Millard Fillmore and anti-William H. Seward) faction of the Whig Party, and served as Clerk of the city's Board of Assistant Aldermen. He ran unsuccessfully for the New York State Assembly in 1852. He served as a Whig member of the New York State Senate (4th D.) in 1854 and 1855. He later became a member of the American Party, also called the Know Nothing Party, and authored 1856's popular \"A Defence of the American Policy\", a book which provided an explanation of the Know Nothing platform and policy objectives. As a Know Nothing, in 1854 Whitney was elected to the 34th United States Congress, and he served from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1857. During the extended balloting for Speaker of the House in December 1855, Whitney consistently received one vote, that of Henry Mills Fuller. Whitney became ill during his term in Congress, and traveled to South America in an effort to regain his health. He died in New York City on April 12, 1858, about three weeks after returning home.",
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popqa | 83eab852-6fa6-4276-af14-18d778ec1190 | What is Edwin Wallock's occupation? | Edwin Wallock | [
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"American actor\nEdwin Wallock (November 6, 1877 – February 4, 1951) was an American actor of the silent film era. He appeared in 60 films between 1912 and 1923. He was born in Council Bluffs, Iowa and died in Los Angeles, California.",
"The name Edwin means \"wealth-friend\". It comes from (wealth, good fortune) and (friend). Thus the Old English form is Ēadwine, a name widely attested in early medieval England. Edwina is the feminine form of the name. Notable people and characters with the name include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"American biologist and zoologist\nEdwin Grant Conklin (November 24, 1863 – November 20, 1952) was an American biologist and zoologist. Life. He was born in Waldo, Ohio, the son of A. V. Conklin and Maria Hull. He was educated at Ohio Wesleyan University and Johns Hopkins University. He was professor of biology at Ohio Wesleyan (1891–94) and professor of zoology at Northwestern University (1894–96), the University of Pennsylvania (1896-1908), and Princeton University (1908-1935). He became coeditor of the \"Journal of Morphology\", \"The Biological Bulletin\", and the \"Journal of Experimental Zoology\". In 1897, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society. He was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1908. He was president of the American Society of Naturalists in 1912, became a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1914, and was president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1936. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1914. He also served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science and the Public, from 1937 to 1952. In 1943, Conklin was awarded the John J. Carty Award from the National Academy of Sciences. In 1995, the Society for Developmental Biology inaugurated the Edwin Grant Conklin Medal in his honor. Family. He married Belle Adkinson (d.1940) in 1889. References.",
"<templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nFurther reading. Conklin, Edwin Grant(1921). Some biological aspects of immigration |journal = Scribner's Magazine|volume=49|issue=3|pages=352–359",
"American legal scholar (1884–1951)\nEdwin Montefiore Borchard (October 17, 1884 – July 22, 1951) was an American international legal scholar, jurist, and Sterling Professor at the Yale Law School. He was a leading advocate of innocence reform and compensation for victims of wrongful conviction as well as the use of declaratory judgments. His work in international law emphasized non-intervention and neutrality. Education. Borchard was born in 1884 in New York City to Michaelis Borchard, an import-export businessman, and Malwina Schachne. He attended the College of the City of New York from 1898 to 1902. He graduated with an LL.B. from New York Law School in 1905, a B.A. from Columbia University in 1908, and a PhD, from Columbia in 1913, writing a thesis entitled \"The Diplomatic Protection of Citizens Abroad\". Career. Borchard served as the Law Librarian in the Law Library of Congress from 1911 to 1916. After a year working as an attorney for the National City Bank of New York, he accepted a position at the Yale Law School in 1917, where he was eventually appointed Sterling Professor of International Law and remained until his death. He highlighted cases of wrongly convicted people in the US and advocated for their right to compensation in \"Convicting the Innocent\". His work led to the passage of a federal law compensating victims of wrongful conviction in federal courts. He later served as a representative of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) during the 1944 \"Korematsu v. United States\" Supreme Court case."
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popqa | 57972309-2b29-48eb-a6c3-cbdaeda41a84 | What is Tsutomu Seki's occupation? | Tsutomu Seki | [
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"Japanese astronomer\n is a Japanese amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets and comets, born in Kōchi, Japan. Career. Tsutomu Seki is the Director of the Geisei Observatory in Kōchi, and in charge of the Comet Section of the Oriental Astronomical Association. Between 1961 and 1970, he had visually discovered six comets, including C/1965 S1 (Ikeya-Seki), the well known great comet of 1965. He has also discovered a large number of asteroids such as 13553 Masaakikoyama and , a near-Earth Amor asteroid and a Jupiter trojan, respectively. Many of his discoveries are named after famous sites in Kōchi, such as Harimaya-bashi, Ryōma (after Sakamoto Ryōma), Katsurahama beach, and Kagami-gawa. Awards and honors. Asteroid 3426 Seki, discovered by Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in 1932, was named in his honor. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 16 December 1986 (M.P.C. 11443). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Seki may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Tsutomu is a masculine Japanese given name. Possible writings. \"Tsutomu\"' can be written using different kanji characters. Here are some examples:\nThe name can also be written in hiragana つとむ or katakana ツトム. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Japanese voice actor and singer\n is a Japanese actor, voice actor, singer and narrator. In June 2004, Seki was honored by the readers of Animage Magazine in the 26th Annual Reader's Poll, where he was ranked the 9th favorite voice actor, largely in recognition of his performance as Rau Le Creuset from \"Mobile Suit Gundam SEED\". In August 2007 the Anime News Network called him one of the more prolific male voice actors with 215 roles credited to his name. Seki often voices characters who are very serious or easily agitated like Duo Maxwell in \"Mobile Suit Gundam Wing\", Iruka Umino in \"Naruto\", Kaien Shiba in \"Bleach\" and Genjo Sanzo in Saiyuki but he also plays deranged villains like Legato Bluesummers, Rau Le Creuset, Embryo and . His most famous role is the Imagin Momotaros from \"Kamen Rider Den-O\", reprising the role numerous productions since then. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese mathematician\n, also known as , was a Japanese mathematician and author of the Edo period. Seki laid foundations for the subsequent development of Japanese mathematics, known as \"wasan\". He has been described as \"Japan's Newton\". He created a new algebraic notation system and, motivated by astronomical computations, did work on infinitesimal calculus and Diophantine equations. Although he was a contemporary of German polymath mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Leibniz and British polymath physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton, Seki's work was independent. His successors later developed a school dominant in Japanese mathematics until the end of the Edo period. While it is not clear how much of the achievements of \"wasan\" are Seki's, since many of them appear only in writings of his pupils, some of the results parallel or anticipate those discovered in Europe. For example, he is credited with the discovery of Bernoulli numbers. The resultant and determinant (the first in 1683, the complete version no later than 1710) are attributed to him. Seki also calculated the value of pi correct to the 10th decimal place, having used what is now called the Aitken's delta-squared process, rediscovered later by Alexander Aitken. Seki was influenced by Japanese mathematics books such as the Jinkōki. Biography. Not much is known about Seki's personal life. His birthplace has been indicated as either Fujioka in Gunma Prefecture, or Edo. His birth date ranges from 1635 to 1643."
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popqa | 68d9ab39-5f61-4047-83c6-7e07bba03a83 | What is Matthew McKay's occupation? | Matthew McKay (politician) | [
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"Canadian politician\nMatthew McKay (6 October 1858 – 14 February 1937) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in West Gwillimbury Township, Ontario and became a dentist, dental surgeon and schoolteacher. McKay attended high school at Bradford, Whitby Collegiate Institute, Normal School in Toronto and Queen's University in Kingston (Bachelor of Arts) and the Royal College of Dental Surgeons in Toronto. McKay was a councillor of Pembroke, Ontario for five years and once served as the community's mayor. He was first elected to Parliament at the Renfrew North riding in the 1921 general election. After serving one term, he was defeated by Ira Delbert Cotnam of the Conservative party in the 1925 election. After unsuccessful attempts to unseat Cotnam in 1926 and 1930, McKay returned to the House of Commons by defeating Cotnam in the 1935 election. McKay died at an Ottawa hospital on 14 February 1937 from influenza and pneumonia before completing his term in the 18th Canadian Parliament. He was survived by a wife, two daughters and a son. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Matt or Matthew McKay may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Canadian politician\nJohn Norman McKay (born March 21, 1948) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. He is the Liberal Member of Parliament for the riding of Scarborough-Guildwood. McKay was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Finance from 2003 to 2006 during the government of Paul Martin, then served as an opposition MP and critic until November 2015 during the government of Stephen Harper. He currently serves as Chair of the Standing Committee on National Defence; Chair of the Canadian Section of the Canada-United States Permanent Joint Board on Defence; and Co-Chair of the Canada-United States Inter-Parliamentary Group. McKay was sworn in as a member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada on December 12, 2003, and carries the designations of \"Honourable\" and \"Privy Councillor\" (PC) for life. Born in Toronto, Ontario, McKay has lived most of his life in Scarborough district of Toronto. He has a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Toronto at Scarborough and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Queen's University. He attends an evangelical church in Toronto. After practising private law, he was elected to represent Scarborough East in 1997 and was re-elected in 2000. In 2003 the Scarborough East riding was abolished and McKay went on to win election to the new Scarborough—Guildwood riding in 2004. McKay has been re-elected in each subsequent elections for the riding, most recently in 2021. Early life and career. A lifelong resident of Scarborough, McKay went to five of the area's public schools. He attended and graduated at Sir Wilfrid Laurier Collegiate Institute.",
"McKay attended the University of Toronto Scarborough campus where he earned his Bachelor of Arts. He later earned his Bachelor of Laws from Queen's University. After completing his degree he went into private practice as a real estate attorney, assuming positions of leadership in the legal community. Most notably, he was the President of the Durham Bar Association, an Executive Member of County and District Law Association, Real Estate Executive of the Canadian Bar Association, and a member of the Law Society of Upper Canada's Committee on Title Insurance. Election to Federal Parliament. McKay was first elected to the House of Commons in June 1997 as a Liberal during the general election of the 36th Canadian Parliament. McKay was twice elected to the former electoral district of Scarborough East, in 1997 and 2000, with 54.3 and 59.8 percent of the vote respectively. After 2000, the riding of Scarborough East was abolished and became Scarborough-Guildwood, which acquired parts of Scarborough Southwest and Scarborough Centre. McKay is as of 30, 2015[ [update]] the Member of Parliament for Scarborough-Guildwood and was elected as the representative for the riding in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2019, and 2021 with 57.5, 53.3, 50.2, 36.2, 60.0, 61, and again with 61 percent of the vote respectively. Parliamentary experience. Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Finance. From 2003 to 2006, McKay served as Parliamentary Secretary to then Finance Minister Ralph Goodale. Paul Martin, during his tenure as Prime Minister, implemented a number of reforms aimed at making parliament more democratic.",
"One of these reforms gave greater authority to MPs serving as Parliamentary Secretary to a Minister, in contrast to their previous role that had been largely clerical with little purview over government policy. To this end, McKay was given ministerial responsibility for the improvement of partnerships between the public and private sectors. During the 2003–2006 period the Ministry of Finance tabled two consecutive balanced budgets and implemented its productivity strategy, aimed at improving economic growth through innovation, elimination of domestic trade barriers, competitive taxes, and improved infrastructure among other initiatives. Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of National Defence. Between 2015 and 2019 McKay served as the Parliamentary Secretary to then Minister of National Defence Harjit Sajjan. Critic portfolios. McKay served as the Critic for the Environment for the Liberal Party of Canada during the government of Steven Harper He was appointed to the role by Liberal Party Leader Justin Trudeau on August 21, 2013. His positions include:\nCommittees. McKay was the vice-chairman of the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights (2001–2003), Member of the Standing Committee of Finance (2004–2011), Chair of the Standing Committee on Government Operations (2011–2012), and vice-chair of the Standing Committee on National Defence (2011–2013). He was a member of the Standing Committee on Environment from 2013 to 2015. Currently (April 2019), he serves as Chair of the Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security; Chair of the Canadian Section of the Canada-United States Permanent Joint Board on Defence; and vice-president of the Canada-United Kingdom Inter-Parliamentary Association, along with membership in several other groups and committees."
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"doc_chunk": "Canadian politician\nMatthew McKay (6 October 1858 – 14 February 1937) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in West Gwillimbury Township, Ontario and became a dentist, dental surgeon and schoolteacher. McKay attended high school at Bradford, Whitby Collegiate Institute, Normal School in Toronto and Queen's University in Kingston (Bachelor of Arts) and the Royal College of Dental Surgeons in Toronto. McKay was a councillor of Pembroke, Ontario for five years and once served as the community's mayor. He was first elected to Parliament at the Renfrew North riding in the 1921 general election. After serving one term, he was defeated by Ira Delbert Cotnam of the Conservative party in the 1925 election. After unsuccessful attempts to unseat Cotnam in 1926 and 1930, McKay returned to the House of Commons by defeating Cotnam in the 1935 election. McKay died at an Ottawa hospital on 14 February 1937 from influenza and pneumonia before completing his term in the 18th Canadian Parliament. He was survived by a wife, two daughters and a son. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 47335a90-c4ce-4bec-9871-a2ed211283cc | What is Dominick Bellizzi's occupation? | Dominick Bellizzi | [
"jockey"
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"American jockey\nDominick Bellizzi (c. 1912 – 17 May 1934) was an American jockey who died at age 21 as a result of a horse racing accident. He was known as \"The Duke\". Bellizzi was born in New York to Albanian immigrants Samuel and Teresa Bellizzi. An up-and-coming young jockey in Thoroughbred racing, during 1933 Bellizzi rode to victory in the Futurity at Chicago's Arlington Park for Charles T. Fisher's Dixiana Farm. Competing on the New York circuit, he won the Adirondack Stakes and for the prominent Brookmeade Stable, owned by heiress Isabel Dodge Sloane, he captured both the Toboggan Handicap and the Whitney Handicap. In 1934, Bellizzi rode Brookmeade's colt High Quest to victory in the Wood Memorial Stakes, an important prep race for the Kentucky Derby. However, trainer Robert A. Smith opted to run the stable's Florida Derby winner Time Clock in the Derby and under Bellizzi, finished seventh. A week after the Kentucky Derby, Bellizzi was back in New York where he rode Brookmeade's Psychic Bid in the Youthful Stakes at Jamaica Race Course. As the field turned for home, the promising but still immature two-year-old colt veered wide and when Bellizzi attempted to guide him back in, the bit slipped in the horse's mouth. The motion caused the young jockey to lose his balance and he was thrown from his mount into the path of several onrushing horses.",
"Severely injured, Bellizzi was rushed to Marymount Hospital in Jamaica, Queens. He underwent surgery for his injuries, which included a broken spine and damage to his intestines, and died five days later. Bellizzi, whose coffin was carried by 10 other jockeys as pallbearers, was buried in his jockey uniform. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Bellizzi is a town and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy. History. Bellizzi was a \"frazione\" of Montecorvino Rovella until 2 January 1990, when it became a comune following a referendum held in 1988. Geography. Bellizzi borders with the municipalities of Battipaglia, Montecorvino Pugliano, Montecorvino Rovella and Pontecagnano Faiano. It is 3 km far from Battipaglia, 5 from Macchia, 6 from Pontecagnano, 11 from Montecorvino Rovella and 20 from Salerno. Transport. Bellizzi is crossed by the national highway SS 18 and by the A2 motorway, with nearest exits in Battipaglia and Montecorvino Pugliano. It is served by the railway station of Montecorvino and the Salerno Costa d'Amalfi Airport is 3 km far from it. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian poet\nMario Bellizzi (born 1957), a poet of the Arbëresh minority of southern Italy, was born in San Basile in the province of Cosenza. His verse has appeared in various Arbëresh periodicals in southern Italy, as well as in Kosovo and Albania. Bellizzi currently lives in Trebisacce on the Gulf of Taranto. Among his verse collections are: \"Who are We Now? \", Peć 1997; and \"Last Exit to Bukura Morea\", Castrovillari 2003.",
"Arbëresh poets\nDomenico Bellizzi (1918–1989), also known under the pseudonym of Vorea Ujko, is among the most popular and respected of the Arbëresh poets. Domenico Bellizzi was a modest priest from Frascineto in Calabria who taught modern literature in Firmo. Bellizzi died in a car accident in January 1989. Bellizzi's verse, a refined lyric expression of Arbëresh being, has appeared in many periodicals and anthologies and in seven collections, four of which were published in Italy, two in Albania and one in Kosovo. Bellizzi is a poet of rich tradition. He is the worthy heir of the great nineteenth-century Arbëresh poets Girolamo De Rada (1814–1903) and Giuseppe Serembe (1844–1901), whom he admired very much. His verse is intimately linked with the Arbëresh experience, imbued with the \"gjaku i shprishur\" (the scattered blood). Though devoid of the lingering sentiments of romantic nationalism so common in Albanian verse, and the standard motifs of exile lyrics, Bellizzi's poetry does not fail to evince the strength of his attachment to the culture of his Balkan ancestors despite five hundred years in the \"dheu i huaj\" (foreign land). His verse collections include:"
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popqa | 893ae90f-e924-45eb-a57d-e03bdf1fd1c1 | What is Brendan Canty's occupation? | Brendan Canty | [
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"American drummer\nBrendan John Canty (born March 9, 1966) is an American musician, composer, producer and filmmaker, best known as the drummer for the band Fugazi. In 2007, \"Stylus Magazine\" ranked Canty at No. 29 on the list of \"50 Greatest Rock Drummers\". Biography. Early years, Rites of Spring. Brendan Canty was born in Teaneck, New Jersey, and grew up in the Cleveland Park neighborhood of Washington, D.C., where his family moved when he was 10 months old. He began playing drums at the age of 15, debuting in Dischord Records band Deadline, one of the signature bands of the early D.C. hardcore scene in the summer of 1981. They recorded a demo at Inner Ear Studios that Fall, and from those sessions three tracks were used on the Dischord \"Flex Your Head\" compilation. After playing a number of shows through the following year, Deadline recorded one more session at Inner Ear in August 1982, just prior to disbanding. Canty continued his musical career in 1985 with Dischord band Rites of Spring, after which he played in One Last Wish and Happy Go Licky. Fugazi. Canty was a near-original member of Fugazi as their drummer, replacing original drummer Colin Sears. Canty joined the band in 1987. He recorded and toured with the group until their \"indefinite hiatus\" in 2003. Many of Fugazi's songs since \"Repeater\" are based on guitar riffs introduced at rehearsals by Canty.",
"An adept multi-instrumentalist, Canty also writes songs on piano (he plays a skeletal version of \"Bed for the Scraping\" on the \"Instrument\" DVD), as well as bass lines for some songs. He is also noted for using a large farmers bell as part of his drum kit. Soundtrack work, film scoring, directing and side projects. In 1989, Canty formed the band Girls Against Boys alongside Eli Janney. It was initially a side project for Canty, although he ultimately only appeared on one release by the band (1990's \"Nineties vs. Eighties\") as he turned his focus to Fugazi in 1990. Canty frequently composes soundtrack music, primarily for documentaries, often with \"National Geographic\" and Discovery Channel. He also contributes to or helps produce other Washington D.C.-area recordings. During Fugazi's post-2002 hiatus, Canty took part in a side project, Garland of Hours, with vocalist/cellist/keyboardist Amy Domingues and drummer/percussionist Jerry Busher, both of whom have contributed to Fugazi recordings and performances. Their first self-titled album was released on the Arrest Records label founded by Busher and Canty's younger brother James, formerly of Nation of Ulysses. He presently has a band with Joe Lally of Fugazi called The Messthetics, and tours with Wayne Kramer in his revival of the MC5 called MC50. Canty's score for the Sundance Channel documentary series \"The Hill\" premiered on August 23, 2006.",
"Canty was the sole composer on Hard Time, for \"National Geographic\" for all four seasons from 2009 to 2012. Also, the composer on two of ESPN's 30 for 30's: Angry Sky, and Birth of Big Air. He scored the film Frank Serpico. He continues to score for film, television, and commercials. In 2004, Canty and director Christoph Green co-founded the film Production company Trixie to release an ongoing series of music-related films entitled \"Burn to Shine\". The series involves independent alternative music bands from a particular region showing up to perform one song live, without overdubs or corrections, in a house that is about to be demolished. The first volume was filmed in Canty's home region of Washington, D.C., and features performances from Bob Mould, Weird War, Q and Not U, Ted Leo, French Toast, Medications, fellow Fugazi member Ian MacKaye's side project The Evens, and Garland of Hours. A second volume, filmed in the Chicago area, was released in 2005, and a third filmed in Portland, Oregon came out August 20, 2006. In late 2004 and early 2005, Canty contributed drum tracks to Bob Mould's 2005 solo album, \"Body of Song\". Canty was also the drummer for many dates on the winter 2005/2006 tour in support of the album. Canty returned as the drummer for Bob Mould's District Line, released February 2008.",
"Using the same crew and filming style as on the Burn to Shine series, Canty and Green made a concert film of a Bob Mould show, entitled \"Circle of Friends.\" Canty produced the film and played drums during the show, which took place at Washington D.C.'s . In 2006, Canty and Green also made\"\", a 2006 Jeff Tweedy (Wilco) tour film, and the Wilco tour film \"Ashes of American Flags\", which was released in 2009 and toured festivals extensively, eventually being broadcast on the Sundance Channel in the US, and being released on DVD and iTunes. He produced Ted Leo and the Pharmacists's \"Living With the Living\" and \"The Tyranny of Distance\" albums. He also produced Benjy Ferree, The Thermals's \"The Body, The Blood, The Machine\", and French Toast records, as well as mixing the self-titled debut album for The Aquarium. In 2011, he directed long-time friend Eddie Vedder's new solo performance DVD release, \"Water on the Road\", and took the drums for Vedder's cover of \"All Along the Watchtower\". Influence. In 2007, \"Stylus Magazine\" ranked Canty at No. 29 on their list of the \"50 Greatest Rock Drummers\" based on his drumming work with Fugazi. Canty has been cited as an influence by such drummers as Sara Lund of Unwound and multi-instrumentalist Joe Wong. Personal life. His siblings include James Canty and writer Kevin Canty.",
"He lives in Washington, D.C., with his wife and four children. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 0f89c580-f57e-48c8-a9ed-e6f5f8a944dd | What is María Elena Marqués's occupation? | María Elena Marqués | [
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"Mexican actress and singer (1926–2008)\nMaría Elena Marqués Rangel (14 December 1926 – 11 November 2008) was a Mexican actress and singer who was a star during the Golden Age of Mexican cinema in the 1940s and 1950s. Biography. She was born on December 14, 1926, in Mexico City. She was discovered by the film director Fernando de Fuentes, who was her neighbor. Her first film was \"Dos corazones y un tango\" (1942) where she performed with the Argentine tango singer Andrés Falgás. In 1943 she worked in \"Doña Bárbara\" with María Félix, \"Romeo y Julieta\", with Cantinflas, and \"Así se quiere en Jalisco\", with Jorge Negrete. She worked again with Negrete in \"Me he de comer esa tuna\" (1945) and \"Tal para cual\" (1951). In her best-known role, Marqués starred in the 1947 film \"La perla\" (\"The Pearl\"); she played the wife of a fisherman who finds the ill-fated pearl. The film was based on John Steinbeck's book \"The Pearl\". The film was directed by Emilio Fernández and her co-star was Pedro Armendáriz. Marqués was directed again by Fernández in \"Cuando levanta la niebla\" (1952), \"Reportaje\" (1953) and \"Pueblito\" (1961).",
"She worked in Hollywood in \"Across the Wide Missouri\" (1951) opposite Clark Gable, and in \"Ambush at Tomahawk Gap\" (1953), with John Hodiak. As a singer, she recorded songs such as \"Cartas marcadas\", \"Échame a mí la culpa\", \"El aguacero\", \"Grítenme piedras del campo\", \"La cigarra\", \"La noche de mi mal\", \"La Panchita\", \"Tres consejos\" and \"Tú, sólo tú\", with the Mariachi Santana and the Trío Tamaulipeco. Marqués worked on 15 radio soap operas and 30 other radio programs for XEW, acted in 20 TV theater productions and 10 telenovelas. Her last work as an actress was in the film \"El testamento\" (1981). Marqués was married to the actor Miguel Torruco. Marqués died of heart failure in Mexico City on November 11, 2008, with her children Marisela and Miguel Torruco Marqués at her side. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Puerto Rican businesswoman\nMaría Elena Holly (née Santiago; born December 20, 1932) is the widow of American rock and roll pioneer Buddy Holly. As a receptionist at Peermusic, she met with Holly and his band the Crickets on June 19, 1958, and Holly proposed to her after five hours on their first date. Less than two months later, the couple married on August 15, 1958, in Lubbock, Texas. On February 3, 1959, Buddy Holly died in a plane crash along with fellow musicians Ritchie Valens and The Big Bopper outside Clear Lake, Iowa. After learning of her husband's death from the television news, she suffered a miscarriage the following day and could not attend Holly's funeral in Lubbock. In the following years, María Elena Holly married Puerto Rican government official Joe Diaz, with whom she had three children. In the 1978 film \"The Buddy Holly Story\", she is portrayed by actress Maria Richwine. As Buddy Holly's widow, she owns the rights to his name, image, trademarks, and other intellectual property. In 2010, Santiago-Holly co-founded The Buddy Holly Educational Foundation with Peter Bradley. Early life. María Elena Santiago was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Her mother died when she was 6 years old, and in 1953, her father sent her to live with her aunt (Provi Garcia) in New York City. Santiago worked as a receptionist for music publisher Peermusic. Marriage to Buddy Holly.",
"As a receptionist at Peermusic, Maria Elena is believed to have met musician Buddy Holly in August 1957 when as rising stars he and the Crickets first visited Peer Southern Music in the Brill Building at 1619 Broadway to meet their publishing manager Murray Deutch, who was Maria's boss. On June 19, 1958, just before recording a cover of the Bobby Darin song \"Early in the Morning\" in New York's Pythian Temple, Holly asked her out on a date. Santiago had never been out on a date and told Holly he would have to ask her aunt for permission, which he received promptly. Five hours into their first date, Buddy handed a rose to Maria and asked her to marry him. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />\"One day this guy comes in through the door of PeerSouthern Music, where I was working as a receptionist, and I acted very reserved — 'Can I help you?' — and he was with the Crickets and said, 'Oh, we're not in a hurry,' and then turned to them and said, 'You know what? I'm going to marry that girl.' On August 15, 1958, less than two months after their first date, she married Holly at Tabernacle Baptist Church in his hometown of Lubbock, Texas. They settled down in Lubbock until Buddy broke up with the Crickets, and they moved to New York.",
"Santiago-Holly went on one tour (October 1958) with her husband and took on promotional duties. Buddy Holly also formed the Maria Music publishing company with which \"Stay Close to Me\" was filed. Holly produced Lou Giordano's version of the song, which was issued on Brunswick 55115 on January 27, 1959. According to Santiago, before she agreed to marry Holly, she insisted he resolve the issues he was having with his manager and producer, Norman Petty, who was in control of the Crickets' finances and allegedly withholding royalty payments. Santiago told Holly: \"I don't want to sit around all the time, waiting for handouts from Norman Petty.\" Eventually, the two of them \"visited Petty at the studio to end their partnership, and seek his unpaid royalties.\" Santiago \"recounted that Petty told his young protege, \"You know what, Buddy? I'm gonna say this to you. I'd rather see you dead than to give you the money now.\" Santiago also claimed that Petty \"tried to break us up [...] He told Buddy not to marry me because I was a whoreish kind of woman, that I'd slept with all kinds of other men who'd come in to Peer-Southern. Buddy knew that wasn't true, of course. He got so mad, he wanted to leave Norman right there and then.\" According to Petty's recollection of the meeting, \"Elena did all the talking."
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popqa | 719d5d4b-7781-4db5-8390-f585a00eab5b | What is Patrick O'Brien Demsey's occupation? | Patrick O'Brien Demsey | [
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"American actor\nPatrick O'Brien Demsey (born December 14, 1978) is an American actor. Early life and education. Demsey was born in Danvers, Massachusetts. His parents are Gene and Gail Demsey; he has an older brother, Christopher, and a younger brother, Michael. He graduated from Danvers High School in 1997 and attended Fitchburg State College, playing hockey at both schools, but was forced to quit the sport due to injuries. Career. Demsey's acting career started with a successful casting call for the 2004 movie \"Miracle\", in which he plays Mike Eruzione, the captain of the U.S. hockey team that defeated the Soviet Union's team in the 1980 Winter Olympics. To prepare for the movie, Demsey trained with the real Eruzione's hockey team. After \"Miracle\" he moved to Sherman Oaks, California, to continue his acting career, but received only one major role opportunity, for the 2006 horror movie \"\"Big Bad Wolf\",\" an offer he turned down. He returned to Danvers, worked in construction briefly, but returned to California to give acting another try. He received an offer to play a part in the movie \"Frail\".",
"Patrick O'Brien may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Travis Demsey is an Australian musician who served as the former drummer for The Living End from May 1996 to February 2002. He currently works as a youth worker and is the drummer for the Melbourne band Double Black and Striped Black. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American golfer\nTodd Demsey (born May 27, 1972) is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour and 1993 NCAA champion. College career. Demsey was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey. He graduated from Arizona State University in 1995 with a degree in Psychology and turned professional. He earned All-American honors four years in a row while in college, from 1992 to 1995, and was on the winning American 1993 Walker Cup team. Demsey's college roommate was PGA Tour pro Phil Mickelson. He was inducted into the ASU Sports Hall of Fame in 2006. Professional career. Demsey played on the PGA Tour in 1997, when he made the cut in only nine of 27 events as a rookie. Back injuries slowed his career on the Nationwide Tour, but the real jolt came in 2002 when he felt constant pressure in his left sinus. At the end of the year, doctors found a tumor, a fifth nerve schwannoma, behind his left sinus going into his brain. He has had two surgeries to remove the tumor. In 2007, Demsey closed with an 8-under 64 in the sixth and final round of Q-school to earn a full-exempt card for the 2008 PGA Tour season. Results in major championships. \"Note: Demsey only played in the U.S. Open. \"<br>\nCUT = missed the half-way cut\nU.S. national team appearances. Amateur\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Australian boxer (born 1990)\nDemsey McKean (born 25 September 1990) is an Australian professional boxer, former mixed martial arts fighter and former Muay Thai fighter. McKean's first major title bout in his career saw him defeat Australian boxer Willie Nasio for the Australian National heavyweight title. McKean won the bout by TKO. His first introduction into the rankings came after defeating Patrick Eneanya and Jonathan Rice. McKean has also been a sparring partner to two time unified world heavyweight champion, Anthony Joshua and interim WBC World heavyweight champion, Dillian Whyte. Early life. From the age of six, McKean played Rugby union and Rugby League. He fell in love with combat sports when he first watched UFC at the age of 19. Shortly after he joined an MMA gym and had his first MMA fight eight months after joining. For a couple of years McKean fought in both MMA and Muay Thai with only one defeat in all combat sports. Boxing. Professional boxing debut to tournament winner (2014 – 2016). McKean made his professional boxing debut on 31 October 2014 against Luke Barclay on the Alex Leapai vs Malik Scott undercard at Logan Metro Sports Centre, Crestmead, Queensland, Australia. Prior to this fight, McKean had no amateur boxing experience. McKean won the fight by unanimous decision with him winning all four rounds. McKean fought three times in 2015, all under his new promoter Angelo Di Carlo. McKean won all three fights."
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popqa | b9f177c7-ef88-4fa5-83e5-0f8bf4d31fd1 | What is Boutheina Jabnoun's occupation? | Boutheina Jabnoun Marai | [
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"Tunisian journalist\nBoutheina Jabnoun Marai (Tunisian Arabic: بثينة جبنون مرعي) is a Tunisian journalist and magazine publisher. She is the co-owner and the editor-in-chief of Bouthaina magazine. She currently resides in Abu Dhabi. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Boutheina (also spelled Bothayna or Buthaina; ) is an Arabic given name for females. People with the name include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Marai may refer to\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Chilean writer\nCarmen Marai is the pen name of Carmen María Bassa Rodríguez, a Chilean poet and novelist. Writing. The central themes in her poems are primarily sorrow, betrayal, a mother's love, the struggle for life, and anti-violence, though she has also written humorous works. Her novels, a blend of historic fact and politics with the supernatural, do not necessarily fall into the category of magical realism in that the fantastical elements are not presented as normal occurrences, but fall upon the realm of the real from identifiably unnatural sources. Her work will at times intertwine religious and mythical motifs with unconventional interpretations. In June 2009, after the protests and political flurry of the Iranian elections, Marai vocally supported the newly created Iranian Green Movement, writing her poem \"Llamas Verdes\" (\"Green Flames\"). She also played a significant role in the translation into Spanish of \"Persepolis 2.0\", a 2009 online graphic novel created by Iranian-born artists Payment and Sina. Early life. Bassa was born in the major port of San Antonio, Chile, but spent much of her youth in the capital, \nSantiago. She is of Catalan and Mallorcan descent, her mother being one of the Winnipeg refugees of the Spanish Civil War. She attended the Primary schools Sara Cruchaga and Las Carmelitas. She and both her siblings, Jaime and Montserrat, displayed precociousness in languages and the liberal arts, though she was the only one to later pursue a literary career.",
"Her brother later became a commercial engineer and her sister became a lawyer in the Senate of Chile. Personal life. In the mid-sixties, she married the engineer Rafael Mercado Aced, after which the newly wed couple moved among several small cities of the Norte Chico, later settling in the capital, Santiago. After the arrival of the Unidad Popular and the unrest of this period, they decided to emigrate with their daughter to the \nUnited States, where they lived for several years. The marriage ultimately broke up there and she returned with their child to Chile, where she began her literary pursuits in earnest, joining the Sociedad de Escritores de Chile. She currently resides in Santiago. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 229ce405-344e-4c96-a78d-1696fbab71c7 | What is Modou Dia's occupation? | Modou Dia | [
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"Senegalese politician and former diplomat\nModou Dia (born 27 March 1950) is a Senegalese politician and former diplomat. Dia represented Senegal in Saudi Arabia, the Soviet Union, West Germany and Austria. He also was the Senegalese permanent representative to the Organisation of the Islamic Conference. Dia was a candidate in the February 2007 presidential election, placing last out of 15 candidates with about 0.13% of the vote. Dia attended the \"Institut catholique d'arts et métiers\" in Lille. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Modou is an African masculine given name that may refer to\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"\"Dia Dia Dia\" is a song performed by singer Fatin Shidqia. It is her second single and featured on her debut album titled \"For You\" was released in November 2013. The single was released in Indonesia on 7 November 2013. This single was released with a music video on YouTube. The song also became a part of \"Cinta\" album by various Indonesian singers in February 2014. Music videos. On 15 October 2013, Fatin said that she finished filming her new music video. That music video was filmed in Vienna, Austria, and Paris, France. Fatin filmed this music video coinciding with filmed \"99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa\", in which she a special appearance. Fatin says that this song is about someone to is abandoned by her lover. Live performances. On 16 November 2013, Fatin sang \"Dia Dia Dia\" live for the first time on Dahsyat. Fatin also sings the song on her many live performances and off-air. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Gambian football referee (born 1963)\nModou Sowe (born November 25, 1963) is a Gambian football referee who currently resides in Gambia. He first became a full international referee for FIFA in 1998. He was selected as a referee for the 2004 African Cup of Nations in Tunisia, the 2006 African Cup of Nations in Egypt, and the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations in Ghana, and officiated in qualifying matches for the 2002 and 2006 World Cups. Sowe was named as a candidate referee for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, but was not selected for the tournament. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Gambian footballer (born 1992)\nModou Secka Barrow (born 13 October 1992) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays for Saudi Pro League club Al-Ahli and the Gambia national team. He is a winger but can also play as a forward. He grew up in Sweden where he played for several senior clubs. In 2014, he signed for Swansea City of the Premier League. After loans to three Championship clubs, he transferred to Reading in 2017. Barrow made his international debut for the Gambia national team in 2015. Club career. Early life and Sweden. Barrow was born in the Gambia. His mother died when he was just 11. He and his four brothers joined their father in Sweden. He reflected that \"Football obviously helped me get through that period of my life. I was very good at football and got a lot of friends at my new school, mainly because many of them really liked to play football with me. I was never bullied because I was from another country.\" He spent his youth career at Östers IF and Mjölby AI, before earning his first senior appearances with Mjölby AI. His best friend from Gambia had moved to the town of Mjölby. While visiting his friend, he was invited to train with the club, and quickly caught the eye of the senior squad. This in turn led to a deal with the nearby club IFK Norrköping. After spells at fellow Swedish sides Mjölby Södra IF, IFK Norrköping, and Varbergs BoIS, he joined Swedish second-tier side Östersunds FK in 2014."
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"doc_chunk": "Senegalese politician and former diplomat\nModou Dia (born 27 March 1950) is a Senegalese politician and former diplomat. Dia represented Senegal in Saudi Arabia, the Soviet Union, West Germany and Austria. He also was the Senegalese permanent representative to the Organisation of the Islamic Conference. Dia was a candidate in the February 2007 presidential election, placing last out of 15 candidates with about 0.13% of the vote. Dia attended the \"Institut catholique d'arts et métiers\" in Lille. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | b94bc44b-a209-4657-ba3e-7c86c2c3e1a6 | What is Glenn Albrecht's occupation? | Glenn Albrecht | [
"philosopher"
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"Australian academic\nGlenn A. Albrecht, born in 1953, was Professor of Sustainability at Murdoch University in Western Australia until his retirement in 2014. He is an honorary fellow in the School of Geosciences of the University of Sydney. In 2008, Albrecht finished as the Associate Professor in Environmental Studies in University of Newcastle in New South Wales. He has become known for coining the neologism \"solastalgia\" and \"symbiocene\". Biography. Glenn Albrecht is an environmental philosopher with both theoretical and applied interests in the relationship between ecosystem and human health. He has pioneered the research domain of 'psychoterratic' or earth related mental health conditions with the concept of 'solastalgia' or the lived experience of negative environmental change. He also has publications in the field of animal ethics including the ethics of relocating endangered species in the face of climate change pressures. Glenn Albrecht's most recent publication is 'Earth Emotions: New Words for a New World', published in May 2019. He has been published in many peer reviewed journals and has recently completed and published book chapters on his research interests. With colleagues, Nick Higginbotham (University of Newcastle) and Linda Connor (Sydney University) under Australian Research Council Discovery Project grants, Glenn has researched the impact of mining in the Upper Hunter Region of NSW, Australia, and now, the impact of climate change on communities, again in the Hunter Region. Glenn has also been involved as a Chief Investigator in ARC Discovery Project research on the social and ethical aspects of the thoroughbred horse industry worldwide.",
"Glenn Albrecht is a pioneer of transdisciplinary thinking and, with Higginbotham and Connor produced a major book on this topic, \"Health Social Science: A Transdisciplinary and Complexity Perspective\" with Oxford University Press in 2001. His current major research interest, the positive and negative psychological, emotional and cultural relationships people have to place and its transformation is one that sees him having an international research profile. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Name list\nAlbrecht (\"noble\", \"bright\") is a given name or surname of German origin and may refer to:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Glenn may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nPlaces. In the United States:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Recipient of the Victoria Cross\nHerman Albrecht VC (1876 – 6 January 1900) was a Cape Colony recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Details. Albrecht was about 24 years old, and a Trooper in the Imperial Light Horse (Natal), South African Forces during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the Victoria Cross. On 6 January 1900 during the attack on Wagon Hill, near Ladysmith, South Africa, Lieutenant Robert James Thomas Digby-Jones of the Royal Engineers and Trooper Albrecht led the force which re-occupied the top of the hill at a critical moment, just as the three foremost attacking Boers reached it. The leader was shot by the lieutenant and the two others by Trooper Albrecht. He was jointed cited with Lt Digby-Jones:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />\nThe Medal. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Museum of Military History in Johannesburg. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "Australian academic\nGlenn A. Albrecht, born in 1953, was Professor of Sustainability at Murdoch University in Western Australia until his retirement in 2014. He is an honorary fellow in the School of Geosciences of the University of Sydney. In 2008, Albrecht finished as the Associate Professor in Environmental Studies in University of Newcastle in New South Wales. He has become known for coining the neologism \"solastalgia\" and \"symbiocene\". Biography. Glenn Albrecht is an environmental philosopher with both theoretical and applied interests in the relationship between ecosystem and human health. He has pioneered the research domain of 'psychoterratic' or earth related mental health conditions with the concept of 'solastalgia' or the lived experience of negative environmental change. He also has publications in the field of animal ethics including the ethics of relocating endangered species in the face of climate change pressures. Glenn Albrecht's most recent publication is 'Earth Emotions: New Words for a New World', published in May 2019. He has been published in many peer reviewed journals and has recently completed and published book chapters on his research interests. With colleagues, Nick Higginbotham (University of Newcastle) and Linda Connor (Sydney University) under Australian Research Council Discovery Project grants, Glenn has researched the impact of mining in the Upper Hunter Region of NSW, Australia, and now, the impact of climate change on communities, again in the Hunter Region. Glenn has also been involved as a Chief Investigator in ARC Discovery Project research on the social and ethical aspects of the thoroughbred horse industry worldwide.",
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popqa | eef5462e-ecc7-4ef4-babf-7831fc73c909 | What is Tobias Lindholm's occupation? | Tobias Lindholm | [
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"director",
"motion picture director",
"screenwriter",
"scenarist",
"writer",
"screen writer",
"script writer",
"scriptwriter"
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"Danish screenwriter and film director\nTobias Lindholm (born 5 July 1977) is a Danish screenwriter and film director. His 2015 directed film \"A War\" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. In addition to \"A War\", he has directed the films \"R\" (2010), \"A Hijacking\" (2012), and \"The Good Nurse\" (2022). He has also written for multiple films and TV series. Early life. Lindholm was born in Næstved in 1977. He graduated from the National Film School of Denmark in Copenhagen in 2007. Career. Lindholm first received attention for his work as a television writer on the popular Danish political TV-series \"Borgen\", credited on all 20 episodes of the series' first two seasons, either as an episode writer or storyline contributor. Then, in 2011, Lindholm was awarded a special Bodil Award for having two feature films \"Submarino\" (as co-writer) and \"R\" (as director and writer) in competition for that year's Best Danish Film, which the latter movie also won. His hostage drama \"A Hijacking\" (2012) premiered at the 2012 Venice Film Festival in the Orizzonti section.",
"He is also a frequent collaborator with film director Thomas Vinterberg, with whom he has written the screenplays for feature films \"Submarino\" (2010), \"The Hunt\" (2012) and \"Another Round\" (2020)\nLindholm directed the 2015 drama \"A War\" () about a Danish military company in Afghanistan that is captured by the Taliban, and the commander is accused of war crimes. The film was nominated for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards. Personal life. Lindholm is married to film producer Caroline Blanco with whom he has three sons. They live in Copenhagen. Filmography. Film\nDocumentary films\nTelevision\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Lindholm may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Iron- and viking age grave yard in Denmark\nLindholm Høje (Lindholm Hills, from Old Norse \"haugr\", hill or mound) is a major Viking burial site and former settlement situated to the north of and overlooking the city of Aalborg in Denmark. About the area. The southern (lower) part of Lindholm Høje dates to 1000 – 1050 AD, the Viking Age, while the northern (higher) part is significantly earlier, dating back to the 5th century AD in the Nordic Iron Age. An unknown number of rocks have been removed from the site over the centuries, many, for example, being broken up in the 19th century for use in road constructions. The Viking Age part of the burial ground has suffered more from this than the older parts. The first major archaeological excavation, which ultimately included 589 of the approximately 700 graves, began in 1952, although excavations had been conducted as early as 1889. Remains of villages has been found. The settlement is at an important crossing over the Limfjord, a stretch of water which divides the Jutland peninsula. During the Viking Age, it was only possible to make the crossing at this point or much further west along the fjord at Aggersund, because of the swamps which then edged the fjord on either side. The settlement was abandoned in approximately 1200 AD, probably due to sand drifting from the western coast, which was a consequence of extensive deforestation and the exposed sand then being blown inland by the rough westerly winds. The sand which covered the site served to protect it in large part over the intervening centuries.",
"Because of its location and transportation links, the settlement was obviously a significant centre for trade at the time, and this is borne out by glassware, gems and Arab coins found at the site. An 11th-century silver Urnes style brooch found in one grave is the model for bronze copies that were being cast in a Lund jeweler's workshop in the early 12th century. The majority of the burials discovered were cremations, although a number of inhumations were also discovered, and it appeared that the tendency towards cremation or burial depended upon the period, cremation supplanting inhumation in the Viking Age. The pre-Viking Age burials were under mounds. Of the later graves, some women's graves appear to be distinguished by placement of rocks in a circle or oval, but most of the graves are marked with rocks either in a triangle or in the traditional shape of a boat (stone ship), indicating the importance that the Vikings placed upon water. The ship settings constitute the largest assemblage of well-preserved examples extant. The shape and size of the grave outline apparently indicate the status of the person – all of which is reminiscent of the ship burials of the Anglo-Saxons, Norwegian and Swedish Vikings and other ancient Germanic societies. A museum adjacent to the site donated by Aalborg Portland A/S cement company to commemorate their centennial was opened in 1992. In 2008 the museum was enlarged, and a new exhibition of pre-history in the area of the Limfjord opened. References."
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popqa | 5a8d2b67-0d7f-4f54-9108-c6b8dff6434f | What is Ingrid Martinez's occupation? | Íngrid Martz | [
"actor",
"actress",
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"actresses"
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" <templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nMartz may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Mexican racing cyclist (born 1993)\nÍngrid Drexel Clouthier (born 28 July 1993) is a Mexican road bicycle racer, who last rode for UCI Women's Team Tibco–Silicon Valley Bank. Born in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Drexel competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's road race, but finished outside the time limit. She is a representative of the Nuevo León cycling team. Personal life. Drexel is married to Mexican footballer Gibrán Lajud, and the couple have one child – a son – born in 2020. Major results.",
"<templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\n 1st Time trial, Pan American Junior Road Championships\n 3rd Scratch, Pan American Track Championships\n National Road Championships\n1st Time trial\n1st Road race\n Pan American Road Championships\n1st Time trial\n4th Road race\n National Road Championships\n1st Time trial\n1st Road race\n Copa Internacional de Pista\n1st Points race\n2nd Team pursuit (with Mayra Rocha, Ana María Hernandez and Erika Varela)\n Central American and Caribbean Games\n2nd Team pursuit (with Jessica Bonilla, Mayra Rocha and Lizbeth Salazar)\n6th Time trial\n National Road Championships\n3rd Time trial\n4th Road race\n Pan American Road Championships\n6th Road race\n7th Time trial\n National Road Championships\n1st Time trial\n2nd Road race\n 1st Points race, Copa Cuba de Pista\n Pan American Games\n3rd Team pursuit (with Sofía Arreola, Mayra Rocha and Lizbeth Salazar)\n6th Time trial\n 5th Time trial, Pan American Road Championships\n 7th Overall Vuelta Internacional Femenina a Costa Rica\n 2nd Overall Vuelta Internacional Femenina a Costa Rica\n 2nd Copa Federación Venezolana de Ciclismo\n Pan American Road Championships\n3rd Time trial\n4th Road race\n 3rd Grand Prix de Venezuela\n National Road Championships\n1st Time trial\n1st Road race\n 7th Overall Joe Martin Stage Race\n 8th Grand Prix Cycliste de Gatineau\n 8th Winston-Salem Cycling Classic\n 8th GP de Plouay – Bretagne\n 1st Time trial, National Road Championships\n 4th Grand Prix Cycliste de Gatineau\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Colombian politician and anti-corruption activist\nÍngrid Betancourt Pulecio (; born 25 December 1961) is a Colombian politician, former senator and anti-corruption activist, especially opposing political corruption. Betancourt was kidnapped by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) on 23 February 2002 while campaigning for the Colombian presidency as a Green candidate, and was rescued by Colombian security forces six and a half years later on 2 July 2008. The rescue operation, dubbed Operation Jaque, rescued Betancourt along with 14 other hostages (three United States citizens, and 11 Colombian policemen and soldiers). She had decided to campaign in the former \"zone of dissention\", after the military operation \"Tanatos\" was launched, and after the zone was declared free of guerrillas by the government. Her kidnapping received worldwide coverage, particularly in France, where she also held citizenship due to her prior marriage to a French diplomat. Betancourt received multiple international awards in 2008 at her liberation, such as the Légion d'honneur or the Concord Prince of Asturias Award. After her release, she was portrayed by some of her fellow captives as \"controlling and manipulative\"; others described her as \"caring\" and \"courageous\". One of them (Luis Eladio Pérez) claims Betancourt saved his life. On 18 January 2022, she announced her candidacy for the 2022 Colombian presidential election in which she finished seventh. Biography. Betancourt was born in Bogotá, Colombia."
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popqa | ce0d1bd7-042f-4503-8ef9-3c0f04e5c433 | What is Tolis Voskopoulos's occupation? | Tolis Voskopoulos | [
"composer"
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"Greek singer, actor and composer (1940–2021)\n__notoc__\nApostolos \"Tolis\" Voskopoulos (; 26 July 1940 – 19 July 2021) was one of the legends of modern Greek music. He also starred in many films and played in the theatre in Athens. One of Voskopoulos' greatest theatrical hits was \"Oi Erastes tou Oneirou\" (Dream Lovers), which he performed opposite Zoe Laskari. Voskopoulos was married to former minister Antzela Gerekou. Discography. This is a partial list of Tolis Voskopoulos' discography:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"80 (Greek: \"Ογδόντα\"; \"Eighty\") is the name of a studio album by popular Greek singer Tolis Voskopoulos. It was released in September 1980 by Minos EMI in Greece and it went gold, selling over 50,000 units. The original release was in stereo on vinyl and cassette.",
"Voskopoulos () is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
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"Ego ki' esy (Greek: \"Εγώ κι' εσύ\"; \"You and I\") is the name of a studio album by popular Greek singers Marinella and Tolis Voskopoulos. It was released on 12 November 1974 by PolyGram Records in Greece. This album was issued in mono and stereo. The stereo version of this album was released on CD in 1992 by PolyGram."
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popqa | 056160dd-bd95-45e1-8f7f-c3649ee78e24 | What is Marco Ameglio's occupation? | Marco Ameglio | [
"politician",
"political leader",
"political figure",
"polit.",
"pol"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40891865 | 1 | {
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"Panamanian politician and businessman\nMarco Antonio Ameglio Samudio (b. 1961) is a Panamanian politician and businessman. He served as the President of the National Assembly from 1991 to 1992. Ameglio has been on the Panama Canal Authority Board of Directors since March 23, 2010. He was sworn for a period of 9 years. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ameglio is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Uruguayan-born Mexican Gandhian civil rights and peace activist\nPietro Ameglio (born 1957) is an Uruguayan-born Mexican civil rights and peace activist known for his advocacy of nonviolence and efforts to promote peace and anti-militarism in Mexico. In May 2011, he organized demonstrations to support survivor and victim rights amidst ongoing violence in Mexico, following the death of Juan Francisco Sicilia Ortega, son of Javier Sicilia. These demonstrations attracted participants from Mexico and 17 other countries. Following Gandhian principles, he emphasizes leveraging the positive values and moral sensibilities within Mexican culture to advocate for change from a model of \"armed peace\" to one of \"peace with justice.\" In 2014, he was honored as the winner of the El-Hibri Peace Education Prize, the eighth annual Laureate to be selected. Civil Resistance and Nonviolent Activism. Ameglio has been involved in the promotion of nonviolent direct action strategies and peace education in Mexico and Latin America. In 1987, he co-founded the Mexican chapter of the Peace and Justice Service (Servicio Paz y Justicia, or SERPAJ), a Latin American peace network spanning 12 countries and established by Nobel Peace Prize winner Adolfo Pérez Esquivel. He worked with poor communities throughout Mexico to promote nonviolent culture, human rights, and peace education.",
"He was also involved in initiatives such as organizing Thinking Out Loud (Pensar en Voz Alta, 1995), a Gandhian-inspired nonviolent action collective, and supporting the Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity (MPJD, 2011), initiated by poet Javier Sicilia and the families of deceased and missing individuals. May 2011 National March for Peace with Justice and Dignity. Drawing on Gandhian strategy, Ameglio helped organize some of the largest mass civic actions against violence and war in Mexico. Himself, along with close collaborator Javier Sicilia, served as a main organizer of the National March for Peace with Justice and Dignity (MPJD) in May 2011. After the death of Sicilia's son on March 28, a cry for social justice was launched under the slogan \"We've had it up to here!\" (\"¡Estoy hasta la madre! \"), demanding an end to violence and state complicity in escalating militarism. Ameglio organized an 85-kilometer \"Silent March\" for survivors and victims of drug-related violence whose suffering had largely been ignored by the public. Between 15,000 and 25,000 protesters joined this four-day march from Cuernavaca to Zócalo where 200,000 people gathered to listen to their testimony. The protestors also called for an alternative approach to Mexico’s “war strategy” in the escalating war on drugs.",
"Over the four day march, thousands of protestors signed a “Social Pact” calling for the government to enact reforms to bring truth and justice, end the war on drugs, fight corruption and impunity, combat poverty and the crime-based economy, implement economic policies to help the youth, and democratize politics and the media. The movement called for autonomous bodies of peace rather than a call for dialogue with the government, and represented a radical change from a “war strategy” to one of citizen security with respect for human rights. The agreement was signed by civil society organizations on June 10 in Ciudad Juarez. The movement spurred related protests in 31 Mexican cities and 17 cities across the globe to oppose violence and recognize the dignity of survivors and victims. The largest protest took place in San Cristobal de Las Casas, in the southern State of Chiapas, where 5,000 members of the left-wing Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) expressed support for the movement, solidarity with victims, and opposition to the armed forces fighting the war on drugs. Following up on the May 2011 protests, Ameglio worked with the MPJD to create the “Caravan of Consolation” (June 2011) and the “Caravan to the South” (September 2011), which traveled through the areas of northern and southern of Mexico, the hardest hit by the violence. The caravans provided a platform for victims’ families to speak out, to connect with the MPJD and human rights groups, and to become active in the struggle for victims’ rights, and to stop terrorism."
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popqa | 2da6c37b-e4a2-44c2-a6b4-ef9c9b3cc1ef | What is Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin's occupation? | Mohd Sharkar Shamsudin | [
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"Malaysian politician\nMohd Sharkar bin Shamsudin (born 25 July 1962) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Speaker of the Pahang State Legislative Assembly since December 2022. He served as a Member of the Pahang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Menteris Besar Adnan Yaakob and Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail from April 2004 to November 2022 and Member of the Pahang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Lanchang from November 1999 to November 2022. He is also a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition. He is also a member of the Supreme Council of UMNO. Political career. He first contested and won the Lanchang state seat in the 1999 Pahang state election. He was reelected as the Lanchang MLA four times in the 2004, 2008, 2013 and 2018 Pahang state elections. He also contested for Temerloh federal seat in the 2018 general election and lost. He was transferred from the Lanchang state seat to contest for the Temerloh seat in the 2022 general election and lost again. Mohd Sharkar has held various party positions at UMNO at different levels :\n• UMNO Pahang Committee Members (2000- present)\nEducation. He was born and raised in Temerloh, Mohd Sharkar completed his secondary in the Technical Institute of Kuantan in 1979. He continued his Form Six at Yayasan Anda Akademik before he furthered his study in the USA.",
"He graduated from Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana, where he received a Bachelor's Science Degree in Business Administration in 1986. In June 2013, he was appointed as Chairman of the Pahang State Tourism and Culture Committee. Personal life. Mohd Sharkar is married to Mustakizah Sulaiman and has four children. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Malaysian politician\nMohd Shamsudin bin Lias (, ; born 15 December 1953) is a Malaysian politician who served as the Leader of the Opposition of Selangor from June 2013 to his resignation in December 2014 and Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sungai Burong from March 2004 to August 2023. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. Personal life. He is married with 5 children. He is currently living with his family in Tanjong Karang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Education. Shamsudin has a master's degree in Urban and Regional planning from Syracuse University in New York State, USA. Chairman of the Public Accounts Committee. In 2010, Shamsudin was appointed as Chairman of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) even though the state of Selangor was governed by Pakatan Rakyat (PR) and he was a member of Barisan Nasional (BN) which was opposing PR. He was praised by the former Menteri Besar of Selangor from PR, Khalid Ibrahim by saying that \"Mohd Shamsudin is a capable person as he has experience in state administration given his experience as a former district officer\". In 2014, he stepped down as the State Opposition Leader as he no longer wanted to helm the PAC, protesting against the lack of representation and power of BN and the Opposition in the committee. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Malaysian footballer\nMuhamad Baqiuddin bin Shamsudin (born 14 December 1994) is a Malaysian footballer who plays as a winger for Malaysia Super League club Sri Pahang. \"As of match played 1 September 2022\"\nCareer statistics. Club. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Malaysian footballer\nLuqman Hakim bin Shamsudin (, IPA: ; born 5 March 2002) is a Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a striker for J3 League club YSCC Yokohama, on loan from Belgian Pro League club Kortrijk, and the Malaysia national team. He was included in \"The Guardian\"'s \"Next Generation 2019\". Early career. Luqman Hakim was first discovered by National Football Development Programme of Malaysia (NFDP) before starting his career at Mokhtar Dahari Academy. He was named in Goal Malaysia's NxGn 2020 list as one of the country's biggest talents. Club career. Selangor FC II. Luqman as a youngster, who helped Malaysia reach the 2019 AFF U-18 Youth Championship final, was due to ink a five-year deal with his new team when he turned 18 in March 2020. However, his move fell through due to the COVID-19 pandemic and he ended up joining Malaysian club Selangor FC II instead. Luqman stressed that he remained keen on a move to Europe, though, when the time was right. He eventually got his move to Kortrijk in July 2020, with Selangor announcing the move through an official statement. KV Kortrijk. On 20 September 2019, it was confirmed that Luqman had signed a five-year deal with Belgian First Division side Kortrijk, a club owned by Malaysian businessman Vincent Tan. He is the first Malaysian player to be allowed to sign a professional contract before the age of 18."
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popqa | 1d640f82-ac32-43a5-8ccc-8a502fc4f342 | What is Anthony Sharp's occupation? | Anthony Sharp | [
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"British actor (1915–1984)\nDennis Anthony John Sharp (16 June 1915 – 23 July 1984) was an English actor, writer and director. Stage career. Anthony Sharp was a graduate of the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (LAMDA) and made his stage debut in February 1938 with HV Neilson's Shakespearean touring company, playing the Sergeant in \"Macbeth\" at the De La Warr Pavilion, Bexhill-on-Sea. Repertory engagements in Wigan, Hastings, Peterborough and Liverpool were followed by war service, after which he resumed his stage career at the Mercury Theatre, Notting Hill Gate in September 1946, playing Hansell in \"Tangent\". He first appeared in the West End in \"Family Portrait\" at the Strand Theatre in February 1948. Among his many subsequent appearances were \"Cry Liberty\" (Vaudeville Theatre 1950), \"Who Goes There!\" (Vaudeville Theatre 1951), \"For Better, For Worse\" (Comedy Theatre 1952), \"Small Hotel\" (St Martin's Theatre 1955), \"No Time for Sergeants\" (Her Majesty's Theatre 1956), \"The Edwardians\" (Saville Theatre 1959), \"She's Done It Again\" (Garrick Theatre 1969), \"The Avengers\" (Prince of Wales Theatre 1971) and \"Number One\" (Queen's Theatre 1984). Other London credits included \"The Rivals\" (Sadler's Wells 1972), \"She Stoops to Conquer\" (Lyric Hammersmith 1982) and several appearances at the Open Air Theatre Regent's Park.",
"There he played Benedick in \"Much Ado About Nothing\" in 1958 and Malvolio in \"Twelfth Night\" the following year. Rejoining the company in the 1970s, he appeared in such plays as \"Love's Labour's Lost\" and \"The Man of Destiny\" prior to reprising his Malvolio in 1979. Writer and director. Sharp was also a playwright. His stage version of the Thomas Love Peacock novel \"Nightmare Abbey\" was a big hit at the Westminster Theatre in 1952, opening there on 27 February. \"Anthony Sharp's altogether delightful adaptation provided one of the most unusual as well as most amusing offerings of the season,\" commented \"Theatre World\" editor Frances Stephens. After a try-out in Sheffield in October 1954, the historical drama \"The Conscience of the King\" was remounted at the Theatre Royal Windsor in March 1955; in the second production Sharp himself played 17th century parliamentarian John Hampden. A third play, \"Tale of a Summer's Day\", was written in 1959. In addition, Sharp was a prolific director, particularly of comedy-thrillers and 'boardroom' dramas.",
"His credits included \"Any Other Business\" (Westminster Theatre 1958), \"Caught Napping\" (Piccadilly Theatre 1959), \"Wolf's Clothing\" (Strand Theatre 1959), \"Billy Bunter Flies East\" (Victoria Palace 1959), \"The Gazebo\" (Savoy Theatre 1960), \"Guilty Party\" (St Martin's Theatre 1961), \"Critic's Choice\" (Vaudeville Theatre 1961), \"Act of Violence\" (1962 UK tour), \"Devil May Care\" (Strand Theatre 1963), \"Difference of Opinion\" (Garrick Theatre 1963), \"Hostile Witness\" (Haymarket Theatre 1964), \"Wait Until Dark\" (Strand Theatre 1966), \"Justice is a Woman\" (Vaudeville Theatre 1966) and \"Harvey\" (1970 UK tour). He also directed several productions in Hong Kong and Australia. He directed Present Laughter and Private Lives for Harry M Miller Attractions at the Palace Theatre Castlereagh Street, Sydney. Cinema, television and radio. Cinema. Sharp was frequently cast as supercilious professional or aristocratic types, notably in the Stanley Kubrick films \"A Clockwork Orange\" (as Minister of the Interior) and \"Barry Lyndon\" (as Lord Hallam). Other film credits include Cornel Wilde's \"No Blade of Grass\", two for Michael Winner (\"The Jokers\" and \"I'll Never Forget What's'isname\"), Russ Meyer's \"Black Snake\" and the Disney film \"One of Our Dinosaurs is Missing\".",
"His only starring role in a feature film was the homicidal priest Father Xavier Meldrum in Pete Walker's 1975 horror picture \"House of Mortal Sin\". His final feature film, in which he played foreign secretary Lord Ambrose, was the James Bond picture \"Never Say Never Again\", released in 1983. Television. In 1977 he had a leading role in the children's television series \"The Flockton Flyer\". Other TV dramas in which he appeared included \"Angel Pavement\", \"The Plane Makers\", \"Doomwatch\", \"The Rivals of Sherlock Holmes\", \"Crown Court\", \"Upstairs, Downstairs\", \"Schalcken the Painter\" and \"The Life and Times of David Lloyd George\". He also played numerous cameo parts in sitcoms, notably \"Dad's Army\" (1969, 1977), \"Steptoe and Son\" (three episodes, 1970–74), \"Nearest and Dearest\" (1973), \"Man About the House\" (1975), \"Rising Damp\" (1975), \"George and Mildred\" (1976, 1978), \"Wodehouse Playhouse\", (1978), and \"To the Manor Born\" (eight episodes, 1979–81). He worked frequently with such TV comedians as Benny Hill, Morecambe and Wise, Frankie Howerd and Bernie Winters, and towards the end of his life appeared in the early-1980s alternative comedy programmes \"The Young Ones\" and \"The Comic Strip\". Radio.",
"In 1974, he appeared as the vicar in the radio version of \"Steptoe and Son\", and in 1978 he was both Garkbit, the waiter in the Restaurant at the End of the Universe , and The Great Prophet Zarquon in Fit the Fifth of the original radio series of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\". In 1981, he appeared as town clerk of the fictional Frambourne Town Council in the pilot episode of \"It Sticks Out Half a Mile\", the radio sequel to \"Dad's Army\", and in 1982–84 he was a regular as Major Dyrenforth in the Radio 2 series \"The Random Jottings of Hinge and Bracket\", his last few episodes being broadcast posthumously. Personal life. He was born Dennis Anthony John Sharp in Highgate in 1915 and was an insurance policy draughtsman before training as an actor. From 1940 to 1946 he served with the Royal Corps of Signals and the Royal Artillery in North Africa, Italy and Austria. \"Once the war was over,\" he recalled, \"I wangled a transfer to the Army Broadcasting Service and helped run radio stations at Naples and Rome. These were very full and very pleasant days—announcing, script-writing, disc-jockeying, organising programmes, producing, acting.\" He married the actress Margaret Wedlake in July 1953; their son, Jonathan, was born in 1954. In \"Who's Who in the Theatre\" he listed his favourite part as Malvolio and his recreations as church architecture and watching cricket."
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popqa | bf96e1b4-b4f7-4c7d-9004-20759bc39f8a | What is Claire Berlinski's occupation? | Claire Berlinski | [
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"American journalist and author (born 1968)\nClaire Berlinski (born 1968) is an American journalist and author. Personal life. Born and raised in California and other parts of the United States, including New York City and Seattle, she read Modern History at Balliol College, Oxford, where she earned a doctorate in International Relations. She has lived in Bangkok, where she worked for \"Asia Times\"; Laos, where she worked briefly for the United Nations Development Program; and Istanbul, where she worked as a freelance journalist. She now lives in Paris. She is the daughter of author and academic David Berlinski and cellist Toby Saks, the granddaughter of composer and musicologist Herman Berlinski, and the sister of writer Mischa Berlinski. She had been living in Istanbul until the height of Gezi Park protests when she decided to move to Paris to be closer to her father after the death of her mother in 2013. Career. Berlinski has written two spy novels, a work on Europe's importance to American interests, and an admiring but critical biography of Margaret Thatcher. Her journalism has been published in \"The New York Times\" and \"The Washington Post\" and many other publications. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Berlinski (or Berliński in its native Polish form) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Berlinski.",
"American classical composer\nHerman Berlinski (18 August 1910 – 27 September 2001) was a German-born American composer, organist, pianist, musicologist and choir conductor. Life. Family background; early upbringing. Before he was born, Herman Berlinski's parents, Boris and Deborah Wygodzki Berlinski lived in the Jewish community of Łódź at the time when civil and political unrest was well underway in Russia from 1905, and growing discontent in Poland against the Russian rule had led to many uprisings. The largest of these, commonly called the June Days Uprising or the 1905 Łódź insurrection, took place in that same year. At that point, the Berlinskis fled to Leipzig, where they remained after the end of World War I, for although Poland was reconstituted in 1918, turmoil between Poland and the Soviet States of Russia and the Ukraine continued until early 1921 as Russia attempted to reclaim the territory that had belonged to it in the days of the empire. Furthermore, by contrast with the relative poverty he had experienced working as a factory labourer in Łódź, Boris Berlinski had been able to gain a stable income in Leipzig from haberdashery. In any case, as Poland had regained its independent statehood, the Berlinskis retained their Polish nationality rather than facing the increasingly difficult task foreigners had in gaining German citizenship at that time, and with success made even less likely because they were Jews.",
"In fact there was a strong probability, based on the experience of others, that the German authorities would classify them as \"stateless\", thereby stripping them of any citizenship and eliminating any rights they had as foreigners legally resident in the country. Herman Berlinski, born there on 18 August 1910, was the last of six children. They were brought up in the Ashkenazic tradition of Orthodox Judaism and they spoke Yiddish at home. Their mother arranged piano lessons for each of them, Herman's starting at age six. He was educated at the Ephraim Carlebach School, Leipzig's only Jewish school at that time. Deborah Berlinski died in 1920 leaving the children in the care of their father who never remarried. After observing the formal mourning period called \"shneim asar chodesh\", Herman began private piano lessons under Bronya Gottlieb, a Polish-born woman and a gifted graduate of the Leipzig Conservatory. Tertiary music studies in Leipzig. Having shown early talent in music and after winning a clarinet scholarship, Herman Berlinski commenced study at the Leipzig Conservatory in 1926 at the age of 17. His first year majors were clarinet and conducting, with piano as his minor. The following year he changed his major to piano, with theory as his minor. His teachers there included Otto Weinreich (piano), Sigfrid Karg-Elert (theory), Günther Raphael (counterpoint) and Max Hochkofler (conducting).",
"Fellow students included the Norwegian composer Geirr Tviett, and it is a sign of Berlinski's skills as a pianist that he gave the premiere performance in 1931 of Tveitt's dynamic First Piano Concerto. He graduated in 1932 with an honours degree. In the context of Leipzig's long involvement with European music, the strongest influences at that time on Berlinski's own composition style were J.S. Bach, Gustav Mahler and Max Reger. His initial exposure to Lutheran liturgical music and the organ arose from attending Friday evening concerts at Leipzig's Thomaskirche where he heard repertoire largely centred on the period from J.S. Bach to Reger. Having overheard Berlinski rehearsing Bach's Goldberg Variations on the piano, Karl Straube, then cantor at the Thomaskirche and professor of organ at the \"Institut der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Landeskirche Sachsen\", offered him organ lessons at the institute. But because it was a prerequisite that Berlinski become a Christian to have access to this program, and as he was not prepared to take that step, the idea proceeded no further. Emigration to Paris; further music studies; professional involvement. As the National Socialist party gained power in German politics, general restrictions, including their involvement in the arts, were imposed upon the Jews. In 1933, having gained a Polish passport at his father's urging, Berlinski returned to Łódź. However, he found himself disadvantaged by being unable to speak Polish, and he was greatly disheartened by the misery of the Jewish community within which he was living."
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popqa | 9fe11d6e-2634-44c3-84ff-35b6873d6750 | What is Russell Stokes's occupation? | Russell Stokes | [
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"Australian politician\nRussell Newton Stokes (26 August 1903 – 6 July 1974) was an Australian politician. Born in Ivanhoe to manufacturer Henry Richmond Stokes and Emma Rowdon Wippell. He attended Melbourne Grammar School and became a manufacturer with the family badge- and medallion-making firm, Stokes & Sons, based in Brunswick. He was the managing director and chairman of the company from 1932 to 1974. Stokes also owned a 600-acre dairy and Angus property at Yarra Glen and further property at Yea. He married Margaret Black, with whom he had three children, on 16 November 1935. In 1944, he was the co-author of \"Political Rehabilitation in Australia\", in which year he was also a foundation member of the Liberal Party. He sat on the member qualifications committee from 1954 to 1956, and in 1958 was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for Evelyn. He served until his retirement in 1973 and died in 1974 at Cairns. He is buried at Warringal Cemetery at Heidelberg. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Stokes may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"English engineer, industrialist, army officer and nobleman\nDonald Gresham Stokes, Baron Stokes (22 March 1914 – 21 July 2008) was an English industrialist. He was the head of British Leyland Motor Corporation Ltd (BLMC) from 1968 to 1975. Life and career. Stokes was born in Plymouth, and educated at Blundell's School in Tiverton, Devon. In 1930 he commenced an engineering apprenticeship with Leyland Motors, which included further education at the Harris Institute of Technology in Preston. During the Second World War, Stokes served with the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In the early summer of 1939 he married Laura Elizabeth Courteney Lamb. Excepting the break for military service between 1939 and 1945, Stokes stayed with Leyland throughout his career, although he also served in the Territorial Army. In 1968 he was appointed chairman and managing director of British Leyland, a challenging role much in the public eye at the time. In 1977 Michael Edwardes was appointed chief executive at British Leyland, but Stokes remained on the board till 1979. Stokes was awarded with a knighthood in the 1965 Birthday Honours, having the honour conferred by The Queen on 11 November. He was created a Life Peer taking the title Baron Stokes, of Leyland in the County Palatine of Lancaster on 9 January 1969 and sat as a Crossbencher in the House of Lords. By the time he died he had become the second eldest member. On 13 June 1972 Stokes was made a Commandre de l'Ordre de Leopold II in recognition of his services to the Belgian economy.",
"The ceremony took place at Seneffe (between Brussels and Mons) where a new extension to the British Leyland plant was being inaugurated. Lord Stokes died on 21 July 2008, aged 94. British Leyland under Stokes. Stokes was essentially a salesman, and he successfully led Leyland Motor Corporation in the period up to 1968. During this time he was immensely successful in developing export sales and establishing overseas subsidiaries. This established his stature as a captain of industry especially in the eyes of prime minister Harold Wilson. Wilson encouraged him to merge Leyland with BMC however he never really got to grips with the scale and politics of British Leyland, which had now incorporated BMC, Rover, Jaguar and related commercial vehicle marques with nearly 40 factories and over 100 business units. His efforts to bring in senior executives from competitors were only partially successful, and persistent infighting (such as the discrimination against MG in allocating investment funding in favour of Triumph) whilst the inherent unprofitability of BMC sapped the competitive position of the new business. Meanwhile, Leyland Motor Corporation's new engine policy of the late 1960s had failed, with the AEC V8 and the Rover Gas Turbine being dropped by 1973 and the Leyland 500 series fixed head engine confined to lower-powered, mainly bus applications before being dropped in 1979; the thirst of the gas turbine and the unreliability of the V8 (which had been rushed to market as an under-developed unit) and the 500-series cost sales and enabled Scania and Volvo to enter the UK market.",
"Both before and during his period of leadership, the British motor industry suffered from poor profitability, which went hand in hand with chronic lack of investment in production technologies and facilities. In 1975, towards the end of Stokes' time at the helm of the company, a journalist compared the published number of employees and the published number of cars produced by various automakers, Toyota produced 36 cars per employee while Honda produced nearly 23: BLMC produced slightly more than four cars per employee in 1975 as against more than 7 for Ford's UK plants. Factors such as the variable extent of dependence on brought-in sub-assemblies made the comparison imperfect, but the continuing lack of profitability resulting from continuing failure to invest intelligently in up to date production processes was all too real. This was a part of the background to BL's famously awful industrial relations during the 1970s. Characteristic BL introductions included the Morris Marina and Austin Allegro inspired respectively by the more thoughtfully developed and charismatic Ford Cortina and Citroën GS competitor products. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | f88e315c-c4d8-47ee-98b0-57b309221aa3 | What is C. E. Webber's occupation? | C. E. Webber | [
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"British television writer and playwright\nCecil Edwin Webber (sometimes known by the nickname \"Bunny\"; 9 April 1909 – June 1969) was a British television writer and playwright. He is best remembered as one of the co-creators of the science-fiction series \"Doctor Who\" while working as a staff writer for the BBC in the early 1960s. \"Doctor Who\". Webber participated in many crucial early development meetings, and co-wrote the first format document for the series with Donald Wilson and Sydney Newman. Webber and his scripts were ultimately not used as he was felt to not be capable of 'writing down' to the level required of the programme. However, his draft script for the proposed first episode formed the basis of the broadcast first episode eventually written by Anthony Coburn. Webber received a co-writer's credit on internal BBC documentation for the episode, although not on screen. Webber submitted a \"Doctor Who\" pilot entitled \"Nothing at the end of the Lane\", suggested in early May 1963 under the programme's developing format guide. The story would feature Biddy and her teachers, Lola and Cliff, who would encounter Biddy's grandfather, \"Doctor Who\", and his time machine. \"Nothing at the end of the Lane\" was soon replaced by Webber's \"The Giants\", which would be a four-part serial to be directed by Rex Tucker. The story would feature Lola and Cliff in search of their student, Sue, and meet an old man in the fog. Calling him \"Dr. Who\", they find out that his home is a time machine disguised as a police telephone box.",
"Unexpectedly, they are shrunken to an eighth of an inch in size. They then go to Cliff's laboratory and are menaced by a microscope lens, spiders, a student's compass, and caterpillars. Cliff manages to communicate with the students, and both return to Dr. Who's time machine. In production, the names of the companions changed to Ian, Barbara and Susan, while the Doctor's name, \"Dr. Who\", would go unused. \"The Giants\" was abandoned in June 1963 in favour of \"An Unearthly Child\", because \"Doctor Who\" creator Sydney Newman disliked the idea of putting caterpillars and spiders as monsters in the story. Other work. Webber's published stage plays included \"Be Good, Sweet Maid\" (1957), \"Out of the Frying Pan\" (1960) and \"The Mortal Bard\" (1964). Other television shows he wrote or created for the BBC included the 1961 action adventure serial \"Hurricane\", the 1962 children's comedy \"William\", starring Dennis Waterman, based on the books by Richmal Crompton, and in 1964 episodes of the \"Thorndyke\" detective series. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American general (1838–1872)\nJules C. Webber (August 27, 1838 – January 12, 1872) was a lieutenant colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Jules C. Webber was born in Mayville, New York on August 27, 1838. He was a lawyer in Illinois before the Civil War. He was the brother-in law of Union Army Major General Joseph J. Reynolds. Webber began his Civil War service as a first sergeant in the 18th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment on May 28, 1861. He was appointed as first lieutenant on September 15, 1861. He was appointed captain and aide-de-camp to Major General Frederick Steele on June 7, 1864 and November 7, 1864. Webber was appointed lieutenant colonel of the 18th Illinois Infantry on March 24, 1865. He was mustered out of the volunteers on December 16, 1865. On February 24, 1866 (resubmitted July 26, 1866), President Andrew Johnson nominated Webber for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on April 10, 1866 (reconfirmed July 27, 1866). Jules C. Webber died at Vicksburg, Mississippi on January 12, 1872. He was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Morris, Illinois. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"United States Coast Guardsman\nBernard Challen Webber (May 9, 1928 – January 24, 2009) was a United States Coast Guardsman. He was a petty officer assigned to Coast Guard Station Chatham, Massachusetts, where one of his duties was that of coxswain of \"Coast Guard Motor Lifeboat CG 36500\". Webber and his crew of three rescued the crew of the stricken T2 tanker , which had broken in half during a storm on February 18, 1952 off Cape Cod. Webber maneuvered the 36-foot lifeboat under \"Pendleton\"'s stern as the tanker's crew, trapped in the stern section, abandoned the wreck of their ship on a Jacob's ladder into the Coast Guard motor lifeboat. Career. Webber and his crew of three – Engineman Third Class Andrew Fitzgerald, Seaman Richard Livesey, and Seaman Ervin Maske – saved 32 of the 33 crewmen who were on the stern section of SS \"Pendleton\" when the ship broke in two. There were no survivors among the ship's crew in the bow section, which was found the next day by another rescue vessel. All four Coast Guardsmen were awarded the Gold Lifesaving Medal for their heroic actions. The rescue operation has been noted as one of the most successful in the history of the U.S. Coast Guard. Webber served in the Merchant Marine during World War II, then joined the Coast Guard in 1946. At the time of the \"Pendleton\" rescue Webber was serving as a boatswain's mate first class at Coast Guard Station Chatham.",
"He rose to the rank of Chief Warrant Officer (Boatswain specialty) during a 20-year military career that included a tour during the Vietnam War as a part of Operation Market Time. Personal life. Webber was born in Milton, Massachusetts, the son of Anne (Knight) and Reverend A. Bernard Webber. He was married to Miriam Penttinen. Webber died on January 24, 2009. Legacy. The first-in-class , was named in his honor. She was commissioned on 14 April 2012 at her home port of Miami, Florida. A history of the rescue of the men of \"Pendleton\" and \"Mercer\", including Bernard Webber's heroic role in the rescue of the men from the stern of \"Pendleton\", was presented in the 2009 book \"The Finest Hours: The True Story of the U.S. Coast Guard's Most Daring Sea Rescue\", by Michael J. Tougias and Casey Sherman. This book was later reissued in a \"young adult\" edition and adapted into a 2016 feature film, \"The Finest Hours\" by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, depicting the \"Pendleton\" rescue with Chris Pine portraying Webber. Webber's memoir was published in 2015, titled \"Lightships, Lighthouses, and Lifeboat Stations: A Memoir and History\" (). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nAdditional reading. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 38878a2e-ae69-44f2-b606-b72dd15ddf92 | What is Muhammad Ali Luqman's occupation? | Muhammad Ali Luqman | [
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"Yemeni lawyer, writer, and journalist\nMuhammad Ali Luqman (6 November 1898 – 24 March 1966) was a Yemeni lawyer, writer, and journalist. He was born in Aden, which was then under British control. After completing his education, he worked in school administration in Aden. However, he was dismissed from his position after publishing a letter, entitled \"Is This a Scrap of Paper?\" (Arabic: هل هذه قصاصة ورقية؟), which criticized the educational system. From 1930 to 1934, he worked as an agent for Al-Bas Company in Somalia, and the studied law in Mumbai, India, obtaining a degree in 1938. In 1939, Luqman's novel \"Saeed\" was published. Some claim this to be the first Yemeni novel, although others have argued for Ahmad bin Abdullah Al Saqqaf's 1927 novel \"The Girl from Garut\". Luqman established \"Faṫāṫ Al-Jazīrah\" (), the first independent newspaper in Yemen, in 1940. He also founded a weekly English-language newspaper, the \"Aden Chronicle\", in 1953. He was closely linked with the Free Yemeni Movement, and was one of the architects of the failed 1948 coup against Yemeni ruler Imam Yahya. On September 18, 1962, Luqman traveled to New York City at his own expense, following the United Kingdom's attempt to forcibly merge the colony of Aden into the Federation of South Arabia. Luqman succeeded in winning support from member states at the United Nations to prevent this from occurring.",
"He died in 1966 on his way to perform the Hajj, and was buried in Mecca. Both newspapers he founded were continued under the management of his son, the journalist Farouk Luqman, until South Yemen achieved independence the following year, in 1967. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ancient wise man in Islamic tradition\nLuqman or Lokman , Lukman (; also known as Luqman the Wise or Luqman al-Hakim) was a wise man after whom \"Luqman\", the 31st \"surah\" (chapter) of the Qur'an, was named. There are many stories about Luqman in Persian, Arabic and Turkish literature. Source of Luqman's wisdom. According to the 12th \"ayah\" (verse) of surah Luqman in the Qur'an, Luqman was bestowed with hikmah by God, \"al-Hakim\". \"We gave wisdom to Luqmān, and said, “Be grateful to God”, and whoever is grateful is, in fact, grateful for his own benefit, and whoever is ungrateful, then God is free of all needs, worthy of all praise.\" (Surah Luqman Quran 31:12)\nAccording to a hadith in the \"Muwatta\" of Imam Malik, Luqman was asked, \"What has brought you to what we see? \", referring to his high rank. Luqman said, \"Truthful speech, fulfilling the trust, and leaving what does not concern me.\" This narration has also been mentioned with different wording in another source from ibn Jarir who heard it from ibn Hamid who heard it from al-Hakam who heard it from Umar ibn Qays. Identity of Luqman.",
"According to the 14th-century Arabic scholar Ibn Kathir, Luqman is believed to have been from Nubia, Sudan or Ethiopia. A mythical figure of Arabia named Luqman existed long before the Quran, resulting in considerable debate of both theological and historical nature as to the relationship of the two characters. Some, such as 17th-century French scholar Pierre Daniel Huet, maintain that the two are the same person, but others argue that they simply share the same name. In Arabic proverb collections, the two characters are fused, drawing from both the Quran and pre-Islamic stories, endowing Luqman with superhuman strength and lifespan. According to Arab mythology, the pre-Islamic Luqman was a member of the ʿĀd who lived in al-Ahqaf in South Arabia while Luqman in the Quran is from Nubia. Some scholars have suggested that the figure of Luqman in Arabic is based on Alcmaeon of Croton. By the Middle Ages, many of the ancient fables traditionally associated with Aesop in Europe became associated in Arabic culture with Luqman. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American boxer and activist (1942–2016)\nMuhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed \"the Greatest\", he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century and is often regarded as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time. He held the \"Ring\" magazine heavyweight title from 1964 to 1970. He was the undisputed champion from 1974 to 1978 and the WBA and \"Ring\" heavyweight champion from 1978 to 1979. In 1999, he was named Sportsman of the Century by \"Sports Illustrated\" and the Sports Personality of the Century by the BBC. Born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, he began training as an amateur boxer at age 12. At 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics and turned professional later that year. He converted to Islam after 1961. He won the world heavyweight championship, defeating Sonny Liston in a major upset on February 25, 1964, at age 22. During that year, he denounced his birth name as a \"slave name\" and formally changed his name to Muhammad Ali. In 1967, Ali refused to be drafted into the military, owing to his religious beliefs and ethical opposition to the Vietnam War, and was found guilty of draft evasion and stripped of his boxing titles. He stayed out of prison while appealing the decision to the Supreme Court, where his conviction was overturned in 1971. He did not fight for nearly four years and lost a period of peak performance as an athlete."
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popqa | 094243a1-1a81-4b07-937d-007194798264 | What is Ivo Perilli's occupation? | Ivo Perilli | [
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"Italian screenwriter\nIvo Perilli (10 April 1902 – 24 November 1994) was an Italian screenwriter. He wrote for more than 50 films between 1933 and 1977. Selected filmography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Perilli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Perilli.",
"Italian motorcycle racer\nAlessio Perilli was an Italian motorcycle road racer. He was killed in a crash during a European Superstock Championship race at TT Circuit Assen on 5 September 2004. He was 20. He scored 4 points in the season, reaching the 30th final position. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian classicist and academic\nLorenzo Perilli is an Italian classicist and academic at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. A Professor of Classical Philology, he is Head of the Institute of Literature, Philosophy and Art history, and the Director of the interdisciplinary Research Centre in Classics, Mathematics and Philosophy Forms of Knowledge in the Ancient World, established in 2013 and devoted to ancient science and related disciplines. He is Co-director of the periodical \"Technai. An international journal on ancient science and technology\", and serves on the board of the journal of ancient medicine \"Galenos\". He was educated in Classics at the University of Rome (1983–1989), where he also received his PhD in Philosophy. He was awarded several international research grants and prizes, among them a 2-year grant from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (University of Munich, Germany, 1996), and the Prize of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage in 2001 for his studies on ancient philosophy and science. In 2007 he won the in Germany, following a nomination by the Corpus Medicorum Graecorum of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences, where he subsequently conducted his research for about one year.",
"In August 2006 he was research associate at the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London, in 2010 a visiting scholar of the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique at the University of Zurich, in 2013 Petra Kappert Fellow at the University of Hamburg, Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures, in 2014 a \"fellow of the Berliner Antike Kolleg\", Berlin, in 2017 and 2021 Visiting Professor at Venice International University. In 2019, his critical edition of Galen’s Hippocratic Glossary published for the Berlin Academy of Sciences (CMG) was awarded the Mario Di Nola Prize by the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. His work on ancient empiricism has attracted the attention of the mathematician and essayist Nassim N. Taleb at the time when he was writing his best-selling book The Black Swan. He also works as a translator from German, English, French, Dutch. Academic Interests. Perilli’s main fields of research include Ancient Greek medicine (Temple medicine, Hippocrates, Galen, empiricism), the history of ideas, Ancient Greek philosophy and science, textual criticism and classical philology. He is also recognised as an expert in humanities computing. Publications. Perilli’s main publications include among others\nHe contributed many articles to scholarly journals and conference proceedings. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | d86e4b65-10ba-44e1-8b17-e4b952e6f8af | What is Joseph Weydemeyer's occupation? | Joseph Weydemeyer | [
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"German revolutionary and US Union Army officer\nJoseph Arnold Weydemeyer (February 2, 1818 – August 26, 1866) was a military officer in the Kingdom of Prussia and the United States as well as a journalist, politician and Marxist revolutionary. At first a supporter of \"true socialism\", Weydemeyer became in 1845–1846 a follower of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and a member of the League of Communists, heading its Frankfurt chapter from 1849 to 1851. He visited Marx in Brussels, staying there for a time to attend Marx's lectures. He participated in the 1848 Revolution. He was one of the \"responsible editors\" of the \"Neue Rheinische Zeitung\" from 1849 to 1850. He acted on Marx's behalf in the failed publication of the manuscript of \"The German Ideology\". Weydemeyer worked on two socialist periodicals which were the \"Westphälisches Dampfboot\" (\"Westphalian Steamboat\") and the \"Neue Rheinische Zeitung\". In 1851, he emigrated from Germany to the United States and worked there as a journalist. \"The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon\", written by Marx, was published in 1852 in \"Die Revolution\", a German-language monthly magazine in New York established by Weydemeyer. Weydemeyer took part in the American Civil War as a lieutenant colonel in the Union Army. Biography. Early years. Born in 1818, the same year as Karl Marx, Weydemeyer was the son of a Prussian civil servant residing in Münster, Westphalia.",
"Sent to a gymnasium and the Berlin military Academy, he received his commission as a Leutnant in the Prussian artillery (1. Westfälisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 7) in 1838. At the beginning of his short career, he was stationed in the Westphalian town of Minden. He began to read the bourgeois radical and socialist newspaper \"Rheinische Zeitung\", the Cologne paper Marx became editor and which was suppressed by Prussian censorship in 1843. But it inspired many soldiers in the Rhineland and Westphalia. In the Minden garrison, the paper inspired revolutionaries like Fritz Anneke, August Willich, Hermann Korff, and Friedrich von Beust, all of whom, like Weydemeyer, will become prominent Forty-Eighters and after that officers of the Union army in the Civil War. The leftist officers in Minden formed a circle in which Weydemeyer took part. He also went frequently to Cologne and took part to discussions of social problems with the journalists of the \"Rheinische Zeitung\". In 1844, Weydemeyer resigned from the Prussian army. He then became assistant editor of the \"Trierische Zeitung\", a paper which advocated the Phalansteries of Charles Fourier and the True Socialism of Karl Gruen. In 1845, he joined the \"Westphaelische Dampfboot\" after paying a visit to Marx, exiled in Paris. Marx, as well as Engels, were publishing in the \"Dampfboot\". The paper was edited by Heinrich Otto Lüning in Bielefeld and Paderborn.",
"Lüning's sister Luise became Weydemeyer's wife in 1845. 1848. After a second visit to Marx in Brussels in 1846, Weydemeyer went back to Germany to organize the Communist League in Cologne. This was the organization for which Marx and Engels wrote the \"Communist Manifesto\" in 1847. He continued to work on the \"Dampfboot\". At the same time, he made a career as a construction engineer for the Cologne–Minden Railroad, but he quit the job soon after the beginning in 1848 because the company ordered its employees to stay out of political demonstration. During the rest of the year, he was a full-time revolutionary journalist. In June 1848, he was invited to Darmstadt by the socialist publisher C. W. Leske to be co-editor with Heinrich Otto Lüning of the \"Neue Deutsche Zeitung\". Near to Frankfurt, where the German National Assembly was meeting at the time, the newspaper intended to be a link between the left-wing of the Assembly and the extra-parliamentary movement. But in 1849, the counter-revolution succeeded and the Prussian absolutism crushed the Frankfurt Parliament, the armed democracy in Baden and the Electorate of the Palatinate and all the democratic papers. Marx's \"Neue Rheinische Zeitung\" disappeared under the censorship and the \"Neue Deutsche Zeitung\" survived by moving from Darmstadt to Frankfurt in the spring of 1849. The paper would be finally banished in December 1850 by the senate of the city. Weydemeyer remained in the country for half a year, underground.",
"In July 1851, with his wife and two children, he went to Switzerland, where he did not find a job. On July 27, he wrote to Marx that he had no alternative than migrating to the United States. In his answer to Weydemeyer, Marx recommend New York City for his settlement, a place where Weydemeyer could have the chance to create a German-speaking revolutionary paper. At the same time, it was, for Marx, the city where the migrants were less likely to be touched by the Far West adventures. Marx also remarked that the United States would be a difficult country for the development of socialism, the surplus of population, being drained off by the farms and the fast-growing prosperity of the country, the Germans being easily Americanized and forgetting of their homeland. Weydemeyer and his family sailed from Le Havre on September 29, 1851, and arrived in New York on November 7. New York. A Marxist journalist. In December 1851, Weydemeyer issues a paper, named \"Die Revolution\", a German-language revolutionary paper, which purpose was to make picture of the class struggle in the Old World. The paper first appeared on January 6 but was suspended on January 13. In a letter to Marx at the end of January, he attributed his failure because of the corrupting effect on the people of the American soil. He also pointed out the dominance of the liberal bourgeois-nationalist ideology on the people, among them Gottfried Kinkel and Lajos Kossuth. German immigrants were simply not sensitive to Marx ideas and analyses of the defeat of the 1848 revolutions and of the triumph of European reaction.",
"In spring 1852, Weydemeyer brought out Marx's \"Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte\" as a final number of \"Die Revolution\", after arranging for serial publication of Engels \"The Peasant War in Germany\" in the New York \"Turn-Zeitung\" between January 1852 and February 1853. He began to write for the \"Turn-Zeitung\" about different political issues, as the American aversion of the proletarian dictatorship, the calling of liberal American groups for free election in Europe and their silence about the conditions of the workers, the political immaturity of forty-eighters who raised money in the United States to foment revolution in Europe. To sum up, he wrote many articles which counterposed Marxism to liberalism for the German immigrants. In the July number of \"Turn-Zeitung\", he began a discussion of American labor issues and the free trade versus protection debate, where he took a traditional Marxist stand for the industrial development. In the \"Turn-Zeitung\" of September 1, Weydemeyer analyzed the relationship between Australian cotton and American slavery. The development of American monopoly on the world market, in his point of view, promotes the rise of national economical development rather than regional and the rise of national parties in American politics rather than regional. He saw the shift from an agricultural dominance over the industrial to an industrial dominance over the former. In the \"Turn-Zeitung\" of November 15, Weydemeyer wrote a review of the election campaign of 1852, pointing the absence of labor issues in the platforms of the Whig and Democratic parties."
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"doc_chunk": "German revolutionary and US Union Army officer\nJoseph Arnold Weydemeyer (February 2, 1818 – August 26, 1866) was a military officer in the Kingdom of Prussia and the United States as well as a journalist, politician and Marxist revolutionary. At first a supporter of \"true socialism\", Weydemeyer became in 1845–1846 a follower of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and a member of the League of Communists, heading its Frankfurt chapter from 1849 to 1851. He visited Marx in Brussels, staying there for a time to attend Marx's lectures. He participated in the 1848 Revolution. He was one of the \"responsible editors\" of the \"Neue Rheinische Zeitung\" from 1849 to 1850. He acted on Marx's behalf in the failed publication of the manuscript of \"The German Ideology\". Weydemeyer worked on two socialist periodicals which were the \"Westphälisches Dampfboot\" (\"Westphalian Steamboat\") and the \"Neue Rheinische Zeitung\". In 1851, he emigrated from Germany to the United States and worked there as a journalist. \"The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon\", written by Marx, was published in 1852 in \"Die Revolution\", a German-language monthly magazine in New York established by Weydemeyer. Weydemeyer took part in the American Civil War as a lieutenant colonel in the Union Army. Biography. Early years. Born in 1818, the same year as Karl Marx, Weydemeyer was the son of a Prussian civil servant residing in Münster, Westphalia.",
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popqa | 3c4d6443-4cf9-4e03-bbb5-f06281ff7a2b | What is Ai's occupation? | Ai (poet) | [
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"American poet (1947–2010)\nAi Ogawa (born Florence Anthony; October 21, 1947 – March 20, 2010) was an American poet and educator who won the 1999 National Book Award for Poetry for \"Vice: New and Selected Poems\". Ai is known for her mastery of the dramatic monologue as a poetic form, as well as for taking on dark, controversial topics in her work. About writing in the dramatic monologue form, she's said: \"I want to take the narrative 'persona' poem as far as I can, and I've never been one to do things in halves. All the way or nothing. I won't abandon that desire.\" Early life. Ai, who described herself as 1/2 Japanese, 1/8 Choctaw-Chickasaw, 1/4 Black, 1/16 Irish, Southern Cheyenne, and Comanche, was born in Albany, Texas, in 1947, and grew up in Tucson, Arizona. She spent time also in Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and San Francisco, living with her mother and second stepfather, Sutton Haynes. In 1959, a couple of years after her mother's divorce from Hayes, they moved back to Tucson, Arizona, where she completed high school and attended college at the University of Arizona, where she majored in English and Oriental Studies with a concentration in Japanese and a minor in Creative Writing, to which she would fully commit toward the end of her degree. Before starting college, one night during dinner with her mother and third stepfather, Ai learned her biological father was Japanese.",
"Known as Florence Hayes throughout her childhood and undergrad years, it was not until graduate school, when Ai was going to switch her last name back to Anthony, that her mother finally told her more details about her past, learning that she had an affair with a Japanese man, Michael Ogawa, after meeting him at a streetcar stop. Learning of the affair had led Ai's first stepfather, whose last name was \"Anthony,\" to beat her mother until family intervened and she was taken to Texas, where her stepfather eventually followed after Ai's birth. Because her mother was still legally married to Anthony at the time, his last name was put on Ai's birth certificate. Although she identified as being of Native American descent, she was not enrolled in any Native nation. The poverty Ai experienced during her childhood affected her and her writing. Ai credits her first writing experience to an assignment in her Catholic school English class to write a letter from the perspective of a martyr. Two years after that experience, she began actively writing at the age of 14. History had been one of her many interests since high school. Career. From 1969 to 1971, Ai attended the University of California at Irvine's M.F.A program where she worked under the likes of Charles Wright and Donald Justice.",
"She is the author of \"No Surrender\", (2010), which was published after her death, \"Dread\" (W. W. Norton & Co., 2003); \"Vice\" (1999), which won the National Book Award; \"Greed\" (1993); \"Fate\" (1991); \"Sin\" (1986), which won an American Book Award from the Before Columbus Foundation; \"Killing Floor\" (1979), which was the 1978 Lamont Poetry Selection of the Academy of American Poets; and \"Cruelty\" (1973). She also received awards from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Bunting Fellowship Program at Radcliffe College and from various universities. She was a visiting instructor at Binghamton University, State University of New York for the 1973–74 academic year. After winning the National Book Award for \"Vice\" she became a tenured professor and the vice president of the Native American Faculty and Staff Association at Oklahoma State University and lived in Stillwater, Oklahoma until her death. Literary views/interviews. Ai Ogawa considered herself as \"simply a writer\" rather than a spokesperson for any particular group. About her own poetry in an interview with Lawrence Kearney and Michael Cuddihy in 1978, she emphasized that there are no \"confessional\" or autobiographical elements in her work.",
"However, in an interview with Okla Elliott in 2003 after the publication of \"Dread\", she stated that some of the poems and characters in that book are \"fictionalized versions\" of her family history and that her multi-racial background and interest in history has had a strong influence on her work in this particular collection. In a 1999 interview, Ai was asked about the topics she uses in her writings, such as child abuse, necrophilia, and murder. When asked by interviewer Elizabeth Farnsworth why she chooses to write on these topics, Ai replied that “it’s really the characters, because [she] write[s] monologues” (Farnsworth). She also spoke about her choice of characters that “there’s a lot more to talk about with the scoundrels” (Farnsworth). In that same interview, Farnsworth commented on the fact that even though Ai's poetry is written in first person, she is “almost always someone else” (Farnsworth). Ai also told Farnsworth that her “first poetry teacher said that when you wrote in the first person, that your work was often stronger” (Farnsworth). Throughout her writing career, Ai eventually realized that her “poems that were written in the first person were the strongest” (Farnsworth). She also told Farnsworth that she considers herself an “actor” and that is how she is able to successfully write as other characters.",
"Farnsworth asked Ai about her poem about Jimmy Hoffa- “Jimmy Hoffa’s Odyssey.” Ai told Farnsworth that she got the idea from watching a The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Carson had told a joke that inspired Ai to write the poem. After she decided to write the poem, she found a biography on Hoffa and studied it before writing the piece. Ai said that she often reads biographies before writing a poem on an historical figure. While her work often contains sex, violence, and other controversial subjects, she told Kearney and Cuddihy during that 1978 interview that she did not view her use of them as gratuitous. Concerning the poems in her first collection, \"Cruelty\", she said: \"I wanted people to see how they treated each other and themselves.\" She noted that the difference between the poems in \"Cruelty\" and those in \"Killing Floor\" is that they deal with her character's whole life rather than a single episode. She described her purpose for writing as \"trying to integrate [her] life emotionally and spiritually.\" When Ai was asked why she thought her work was so “edgy and dark”, Ai stated that “violence is an integral part of American culture” (Farnsworth). She tries to deal with that in her writing, which is something she said she has been working on her whole life. She said that “she was not able to deal with violence in [her] work” early in her writing career, and that was something she intentionally set out to do."
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popqa | 0281c798-3494-4ec9-a1ad-1a70e7fcf71c | What is Rinaldo del Mel's occupation? | Rinaldo del Mel | [
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"Franco-Flemish composer\nRinaldo del Mel (also René del Mel, del Melle) (probably 1554 – c. 1598) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, mainly active in Italy, and a member of the Roman School of composition. He likely studied with Palestrina, and was a skilled and prolific composer, especially of cyclic madrigals of the type popular in Rome. Life. Mel was born in Mechelen to an aristocratic family closely connected to the Duchy of Lorraine; his father was in charge of the financial management of the Duke's estate. In 1562, at the probable age of eight, he began study at the Cathedral of St. Rombaut, with Séverin Cornet being his principal teacher. In 1572, after finishing his schooling, he was sent to Lisbon by his family, where he may have served as \"maestro di cappella\" at the court (according to Giuseppe Baini, the 19th century writer on music, who was not always a reliable source). By 1580 he was in Rome, possibly studying with Palestrina. Records indicate he was at Chieti in 1583, and in January 1584 in Venice; in July of that year he accepted a position as \"maestro di cappella\" at Rieti Cathedral, but was dismissed shortly thereafter for being too often absent from his duties. Between 1585 and 1591 Mel traveled widely, returning to Flanders, including Liège and Antwerp. He served briefly as \"maestro di cappella\" for the Duke of Bavaria, then in Liège, for at least a few months beginning in July 1587.",
"He visited Venice, Rome, Magliano Capo di Sabina, and Aquila during the years 1585 to 1591 as well. Between 1591 and 1597 he was music director at the cathedral and seminary in Magliano Capo di Sabina. He disappears from the record after 1597, but a book of newly composed chansons by him, published in Antwerp that year, has suggested that he may have again returned to the land of his birth. Music. All of Rinaldo del Mel's surviving music is vocal, and it is both sacred and secular. He was a prolific composer, and wrote both motets and madrigals, as well as some forms that blended elements of the sacred and secular, such as a collection of \"spiritual canzonets\". His style shows the craftsmanship of an exceptional Netherlandish musical training, as well as the influence of Palestrina, who was probably his teacher, as claimed by Baini. Mel's sacred music, as would be expected of a composer of the Roman School, is more conservative stylistically than his secular music. Since his music is yet to appear in a modern edition it has not been fully evaluated by scholars. Mel wrote several sets of cyclic madrigals, i.e. sets of madrigals which set successive stanzas of a long poem (Monteverdi's \"Sestina: Lagrime d'Amante al Sepolcro dell'Amata\" is probably the most famous example of a cyclic madrigal set).",
"Setting cyclic madrigals was a hallmark of Roman School composers. Mel's settings show some progressive tendencies, such as an increasing melodic emphasis on the uppermost part, a feature which foreshadowed the polarization of soprano and bass parts that was a feature of the Baroque style several decades later. In addition, in his secular music he often employs harmonic progressions with root motions in fifths, another feature of the Baroque style to follow. Another stylistic aspect of his madrigals is the prominent use of textural contrast, with chordal, syllabic passages alternating with passages in running thirds or sixths, or brief imitative sections. Long sections of purely contrapuntal writing are absent from his secular music, although, as in Palestrina, smooth counterpoint is the primary textural language of his sacred music.",
"Italian politician (1916–1991)\nRinaldo \"Dino\" Del Bo (19 November 1916 – 16 January 1991) was an Italian politician who served in the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community, serving as President of the body between 9 October 1963 and 1967 as the Del Bo Authority. Biography. He was a prominent exponent of the fascist university organizations of Milan, he collaborated in a branch position in magazines such as \"Gerarchia\" and \"Fascist Doctrine\". At first close to the fascist current of mysticism, after 8 September 1943 (date of the Armistice of Cassibile), together with Teresio Olivelli, Carlo Bianchi, David Maria Turoldo, Mario Apollonio and Giovanni Barbareschi, took part in the meetings that led to the foundation of the newspaper \"Il Ribelle\". The newspaper of the Brigate Fiamme Verdi was published in 26 issues. One of the printers, Franco Rovida, and Teresio Olivelli himself ended their existence in a concentration camp. After World War II he was MP for four terms among the Christian Democracy ranks and held various governmental offices, including that of Minister of Foreign Trade in the second Segni government. He organized President Gronchi's trip to the USSR. He was then the fifth president of the ECSC High Authority in the four-year period 1963–1967. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Rinaldo may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title ."
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popqa | f7f7e3ef-e4f0-418f-b1e2-81164989b876 | What is Annie Beustes's occupation? | Annie Beustes | [
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"French politician\nAnnie Beustes (born 15 June 1945) is a French politician in New Caledonia. She has served in the Congress of New Caledonia as a member of The Rally–UMP, and is anti-independence; she also served in the government of Jean Lèques. She served a short term as Vice President of the Government of New Caledonia in August 2007, and was succeeded by Déwé Gorodey of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS: Front de Libération Nationale Kanak et Socialiste). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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"American actress and singer (born 1951)\nAnnie Golden (born October 19, 1951) is an American actress and singer. She first came to prominence as the lead singer of the punk band the Shirts from 1975 to 1981 with whom she recorded three albums. She began her acting career as Mother in the 1977 Broadway revival of \"Hair\"; later taking on the role of Jeannie Ryan in the 1979 film version of the musical. Other notable film credits include \"Desperately Seeking Susan\" (1985), \"Baby Boom\" (1987), \"Longtime Companion\" (1989), \"Strictly Business\" (1991), \"Prelude to a Kiss\" (1992), \"12 Monkeys\" (1995), \"The American Astronaut\" (2001), \"It Runs in the Family\" (2003), \"Adventures of Power\" (2008), and \"I Love You Phillip Morris\" (2009). Golden is best known for portraying mute Norma Romano in the Netflix comedy-drama streaming television series \"Orange Is the New Black\" from 2013 to 2019. In 1985–1986 she appeared as the recurring character Tommy in \"Miami Vice\", and from 1989 to 1992 she portrayed the recurring role of Margaret O'Keefe on the classic sitcom \"Cheers\". She has appeared as a guest star on several television programs, including \"American Playhouse\", \"Dear John\", \"Father Dowling Mysteries\", \"High Maintenance\", \"Law & Order\", and \"True Blue\" among others.",
"She recently starred as Cinderella's Mother, Granny, and the Giant's Wife in the 2022 Broadway revival of Stephen Sondheim's \"Into the Woods \". Early life. Golden was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York. She sang in school and church choirs as a child. Her father, a Teamster, died at age 52 and her mother died in 1974, at the age of 42. Golden on her family: \"My mom never saw me do anything.\" She said that she \"had no training.\" When she met Art LaMonica in 1971, he invited her to join his group called Lackeys & Schemers. Career. Music. Golden began her career as the lead singer of the Shirts. The band headlined CBGB in the late 1970s and recorded 3 albums for Capitol Records, \"The Shirts\" (1978), \"Street Light Shine\" (1979) and \"Inner Sleeve\" (1980). During the early 1990s she performed as part of the duo Golden Carillo with Frank Carillo. They released three albums, \"Fire in Newtown\" (1992), \"Toxic Emotion\" (1994), and \"Back for More\" (1997). She returned to the Shirts, but she has also performed solo and with a band. In 1984, her song \"Hang Up the Phone\" was featured on the soundtrack of the film \"Sixteen Candles\". She performs a revue of songs from her stage career along with originals called \"Annie Golden's Velvet Prison\".",
"Golden appeared at Phish's New Year Eve concert on December 31, 2023, where she portrayed the grandmother of the character Jimmy from the song \"Harpua\" during a performance of their Gamehendge song cycle. Film and TV. While with the Shirts, Golden was discovered by Miloš Forman, who gave her a part in \"Hair\". She had featured roles on the television series \"Cheers\" and \"Miami Vice\". Golden was the voice of Marina in the Don Bluth animated feature film \"The Pebble and the Penguin\". She played a taxi driver in Terry Gilliam's \"12 Monkeys\" (1995), wherein she had a scene with Bruce Willis and Madeline Stowe. In recent years, she has been seen in commercials for Coinstar, in which she portrays the Tooth Fairy. She appears in the musical film \"Temptation\" with actor Adam Pascal, Tony Award winners Alice Ripley and Anika Noni Rose, and film actress Zoe Saldana and in 2009 had a small role in \"I Love You Phillip Morris\" with actors Ewan McGregor and Jim Carrey, playing a simple woman requiring legal assistance. In 2013, she began playing the role of the nearly mute Norma Romano in the Netflix comedy-drama series \"Orange Is the New Black\", for which she won a 2015 Screen Actors Guild Award (along with the rest of the ensemble cast). Stage. On Broadway, she has appeared in the 1977 revival of \"Hair\", \"Leader of the Pack\" (1985), \"Ah, Wilderness!\""
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"doc_chunk": "French politician\nAnnie Beustes (born 15 June 1945) is a French politician in New Caledonia. She has served in the Congress of New Caledonia as a member of The Rally–UMP, and is anti-independence; she also served in the government of Jean Lèques. She served a short term as Vice President of the Government of New Caledonia in August 2007, and was succeeded by Déwé Gorodey of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS: Front de Libération Nationale Kanak et Socialiste). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | b77a9faa-330e-41a2-b893-b0b98c448a3f | What is Elisa Bridges's occupation? | Elisa Bridges | [
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"American actress and model (1973–2002)\nElisa Rebeca Bridges (May 24, 1973 – February 7, 2002) was an American actress and model. She was \"Playboy\" magazine's Playmate of the Month for December 1994, and \"Playboy's\" Video Playmate of the Month for September 1996. She appeared in several video productions from \"Playboy\" Home Video from 1996 to 2000. After appearing in \"Playboy\", she modeled frequently on assignments in Los Angeles, Miami, and Hawaii. She also appeared as a model for \"Perfect 10\". Early life. Bridges was born in Miami, on May 24, 1973, and grew up in Dallas. Death. On February 7, 2002, Bridges died in a guest bedroom of the Benedict Canyon, California mansion of Edward Nahem, a longtime acquaintance of Hugh Hefner. Nahem last saw Bridges the previous evening and knew she had a noon appointment the following day, then became concerned after arriving home that evening and finding her car still in the driveway. He found her unresponsive in her bed and attempted CPR as instructed by 911 operators; paramedics arrived and pronounced her dead on the scene. The room contained no illegal drugs or drug paraphernalia; a bottle of Xanax was found in her purse and a plastic cup with a white, powdery substance was found in the bathroom wastebasket. \"Playboy\" initially stated that she died of natural causes, but an official coroner's report listed her \"manner of death is accident ...",
"Acute intoxication by the combined effects of heroin, methamphetamine, meperidine and alprazolam\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Method to detect an antigen using an antibody and enzyme\nThe enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (, ) is a commonly used analytical biochemistry assay, first described by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann in 1971. The assay is a solid-phase type of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence of a ligand (commonly a protein) in a liquid sample using antibodies directed against the ligand to be measured. ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine, plant pathology, and biotechnology, as well as a quality control check in various industries. In the most simple form of an ELISA, antigens from the sample to be tested are attached to a surface. Then, a matching antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme and then any unbound antibodies are removed. In the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. If there was binding, the subsequent reaction produces a detectable signal, most commonly a color change. Performing an ELISA involves at least one antibody with specificity for a particular antigen. The sample with an unknown amount of antigen is immobilized on a solid support (usually a polystyrene microtiter plate) either non-specifically (via adsorption to the surface) or specifically (via capture by another antibody specific to the same antigen, in a \"sandwich\" ELISA). After the antigen is immobilized, the detection antibody is added, forming a complex with the antigen.",
"The detection antibody can be covalently linked to an enzyme or can itself be detected by a secondary antibody that is linked to an enzyme through bioconjugation. Between each step, the plate is typically washed with a mild detergent solution to remove any proteins or antibodies that are non-specifically bound. After the final wash step, the plate is developed by adding an enzymatic substrate to produce a visible signal, which indicates the quantity of antigen in the sample. Of note, ELISA can perform other forms of ligand binding assays instead of strictly \"immuno\" assays, though the name carried the original \"immuno\" because of the common use and history of development of this method. The technique essentially requires any ligating reagent that can be immobilized on the solid phase along with a detection reagent that will bind specifically and use an enzyme to generate a signal that can be properly quantified. In between the washes, only the ligand and its specific binding counterparts remain specifically bound or \"immunosorbed\" by antigen-antibody interactions to the solid phase, while the nonspecific or unbound components are washed away. Unlike other spectrophotometric wet lab assay formats where the same reaction well (e.g., a cuvette) can be reused after washing, the ELISA plates have the reaction products immunosorbed on the solid phase, which is part of the plate, and so are not easily reusable. Principle.",
"As an analytical biochemistry assay and a \"wet lab\" technique, ELISA involves detection of an analyte (i.e., the specific substance whose presence is being quantitatively or qualitatively analyzed) in a liquid sample by a method that continues to use liquid reagents during the analysis (i.e., controlled sequence of biochemical reactions that will generate a signal which can be easily quantified and interpreted as a measure of the amount of analyte in the sample) that stays liquid and remains inside a reaction chamber or well needed to keep the reactants contained. This is in contrast to \"dry lab\" techniques that use dry strips. Even if the sample is liquid (e.g., a measured small drop), the final detection step in \"dry\" analysis involves reading of a dried strip by methods such as reflectometry and does not need a reaction containment chamber to prevent spillover or mixing between samples. As a heterogenous assay, ELISA separates some component of the analytical reaction mixture by adsorbing certain components onto a solid phase which is physically immobilized. In ELISA, a liquid sample is added onto a stationary solid phase with special binding properties and is followed by multiple liquid reagents that are sequentially added, incubated, and washed, followed by some optical change (e.g., color development by the product of an enzymatic reaction) in the final liquid in the well from which the quantity of the analyte is measured."
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popqa | 19183d8e-60a7-4d68-a838-3360e352a774 | What is Domingo Eyzaguirre's occupation? | Domingo Eyzaguirre | [
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"Chilean politician and philanthropist\nDomingo de Eyzaguirre y Arechavala (July 17, 1775 – April 22, 1854) was a Chilean politician and philanthropist. He was born in Santiago, Viceroyalty of Peru, the son of the Basque Domingo Eyzaguirre Escutasolo and of María Rosa de Arechavala y Alday. He studied in the seminary of his native City, and showed remarkable aptitude for mathematics and chemistry. When scarcely nineteen years old he was appointed as assayer of the royal mint of Santiago, but resigned the next year, and devoted himself entirely to the cultivation of a farm near Santiago, inherited from his father. There his labors tended more to the improvement of the condition of the laboring classes than to his own pecuniary interest. He improved the yield of some of the poorest lands by his knowledge of chemistry, introduced modern agricultural implements, and, by giving his laborers better than the accustomed wages and caring for their moral and material welfare, soon assembled a colony of well to do and contented people. He also introduced looms, which, although imperfect, served to weave from native wool the coarse cloth worn by the peasantry. From the first years of his country life he agitated the project of a canal to water the barren plain surrounding Santiago, which had been begun some time before, but was abandoned. The Spanish government approved the plan, and in 1802 made Eyzaguirre director.",
"He pushed the work with energy until it was interrupted by the revolution of 1810, and notwithstanding he sympathized with the patriotic cause, he abstained from any participation. His prestige as an honorable and impartial man was so great that, even when his brothers were exiled, he suffered no persecution from the Spanish authorities, and was enabled to alleviate the sufferings of his compatriots. When the independence of Chile was finally established in 1817, he resumed his favorite work, and in 1820, amid great festivities, the canal of Maipo was opened. This, with many smaller lateral canals, soon converted the arid plain into a fertile garden. It was placed by the government under the administration of a board, of which Eyzaguirre was appointed president. In 1823 he was commissioned to reorganize the charitable institutions, and undertook the task of building a home for wayfarers and needy persons. Within a few years he had collected the necessary means, and a new and commodious building was erected. In 1835 he was appointed first governor of the department of Victoria, the capital of which he had founded and spent a good part of his fortune in improving. He established the agricultural society in 1838, and was elected its president. He was several times deputy to the National congress, where he soon became noted for his honesty. In 1845 he attempted to establish a socialistic colony in the country, where all should share the labor and produce, but soon dissensions broke out, and the project failed.",
"A few years later he undertook to establish a large cloth factory, with the object of improving the condition of the poor and giving occupation to women and children. In this enterprise he invested the greater part of his fortune, but before the factory was finished he died. The Maipo canal board erected a statue to his memory. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Eyzaguirre is a surname of Basque origin. Spelling variants include Eizaguirre, attested specially in Spain, or Eizagirre, modern Basque spelling. Other historically attested forms (as cited by Luis Michelena) are \"Aizaguirre\" (Gipuzkoa, 1782), \"Aiçaguer\", \"Aizagerri\" (placename in Pamplona, 1574). Many Eizag(u)irre surnames come from the coastal area of Getaria and Zarautz, in the province of Gipuzkoa (Spain), where it is popular nowadays. It probably means 'place exposed to wind': \"(h)aize\" ('wind') + \"agirre\" ('exposed place, hill'). It may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Peruvian-American musician\nRoberto Eyzaguirre (September 10, 1923 – October 19, 2004) was a Peruvian-American classical pianist and famed piano pedagogue. He was a longtime friend and pupil of the legendary 20th-century virtuoso pianist Claudio Arrau, who had studied under a pupil of Franz Liszt. He was noted for his colorful playing and \"big tone.\" Biography. Eyzaguirre studied piano performance at the National Conservatory of Music in Lima, Peru before moving to New York City in his early twenties to study with Claudio Arrau. In New York, he met June Gallaher, who was studying opera at the Juilliard School of Music. They married in 1948. With Arrau's assistance, Eyzaguirre made his Carnegie Hall debut in the 1960s, receiving favorable reviews from the New York music critics. Despite showing early signs of exceptional promise, Eyzaguirre's career was cut short due to ulcers. Unable to return to performing, he received a doctorate in musicology from the University of Miami and turned to teaching. He taught at School of the Holy Child, Sam Houston State University, and Houston Baptist University. His successful students included the acclaimed conductor John Axelrod. Eyzaguirre was an esteemed pedagogue in the Houston area. He taught at Sam Houston State University in 1972–1973, and Houston Baptist University in 1973–1981 and perhaps beyond. He collaborated with accomplished accompanist Edith Orloff during the late 1970s."
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popqa | dc2e63b2-e6eb-462b-8227-30bf82d15704 | What is Suzanne Lilar's occupation? | Suzanne Lilar | [
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"Belgian novelist (1901–1992)\nBaroness Suzanne Lilar (née \"Suzanne Verbist\"; 21 May 1901 – 11 December 1992) was a Flemish Belgian essayist, novelist, and playwright writing in French. She was the wife of the Belgian Minister of Justice Albert Lilar and mother of the writer Françoise Mallet-Joris and the art historian Marie Fredericq-Lilar. She was a member of the Royal Academy of French Language and Literature from 1952 to 1992. Life. Lilar's mother was a middle school teacher, her father a railway station master. After having lived her youth in Ghent, and following a brief first marriage, she moved to Antwerp, where she became the first woman lawyer, and where in 1929 she married the lawyer Albert Lilar who would later become a Minister of Justice and Minister of State (Liberal Party). She was the mother of the writer Françoise Mallet-Joris (born 1930) and the 18th-century art historian Marie Fredericq-Lilar (born 1934). After the death of her husband in 1976, she left Antwerp and relocated to Brussels in 1977. Education. In 1919 Lilar attended the State University of Ghent, where she studied philosophy and was the first woman to receive a law degree in 1925. During her studies she attended a seminar on Hadewych. Her interest in the 13th century poet and mystic would play an important role in her later essays, plays and novels. Lilar's historico-cultural insight, her analysis of consciousness and emotion, her search for beauty and love are at the same time current and timeless. Literary career.",
"Applying a strong intellect to her work through precise language, she was a thoroughly modern writer and feminist who nonetheless remained highly versed in many areas of traditional western thought (Encyclopædia Britannica). In 1956 Lilar succeeds Gustave Van Zype as member of the Royal Academy of French Language and Literature. Her oeuvre has been translated in numerous languages. Early work. Lilar began her literary career as a journalist, reporting on Republican Spain for the newspaper \"L'Indépendance belge\" in 1931. She later became a playwright with \"Le Burlador\" (1946), an original reinterpretation of the myth of Don Juan from the female perspective that revealed a profound capacity for psychological analysis. She wrote two more plays, \"Tous les chemins mènent au ciel\" (1947), a theological drama set in a 14th-century convent, and \"Le Roi lépreux\" (1951), a neo-Pirandellian play about the Crusades. Critical essays. Her earliest essays are on the subject of the theatre. \"Soixante ans de théâtre belge\" (1952), originally published in New York City in 1950 as \"The Belgian Theater since 1890\", emphasizes the importance of a Flemish tradition. She followed this with \"Journal de l'analogiste\" (1954), in which the origin of the experience of beauty and poetry was guided by a path of analogies. A short essay \"Théâtre et mythomanie\" was published in 1958.",
"Transcendence and metamorphosis are central to her seminal work \"Le Couple\" (1963), translated in 1965 by Jonathan Griffin as \"Aspects of Love in Western Society.\" In writings on Rubens, the Androgyne or homosexuality in Ancient Greece, Lilar meditates on the role of the woman in conjugal love throughout the ages. Translated into Dutch in 1976, it includes an afterword by Marnix Gijsen. In the same vein she later wrote critical essays on Jean-Paul Sartre (\"À propos de Sartre et de l'amour\", 1967) and Simone de Beauvoir (\"Le Malentendu du Deuxième Sexe\", 1969). Autobiographical works, novels. Lilar wrote two autobiographical books, \"Une Enfance gantoise\" (1976) and \"À la recherche d'une enfance\" (1979), and two novels, both of which date from 1960, \"Le Divertissement portugais\" and \"La Confession anonyme\", a neoplatonic idealization of love filtered through personal experience. The Belgian director André Delvaux recreated this novel on film as \"Benvenuta\" in 1983, transposed as an intense examination of a tortured but exalted relationship between a young Belgian woman and her Italian lover. \"Les Moments merveilleux\" and \"Journal en partie double, I & II\" were published as part of \"Cahiers Suzanne Lilar\" (1986). References.",
"<templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons",
"Lilar is a Flemish surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname ."
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popqa | 46744b36-df02-42d9-bc8d-f70a245a83e9 | What is Karen Redman's occupation? | Karen Redman | [
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"Canadian politician\nKaren Redman (née Longo; born January 8, 1953) is a Canadian politician who currently serves as the chair of the Region of Waterloo. Previously, she was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2008, representing the riding of Kitchener Centre for the Liberal Party. She served as Chief Government Whip in the 2004 to 2005 Parliament, and was the Chief Official Opposition Whip in the 2006 to 2008 parliament. She was defeated in the 2008 federal election. She was elected to Waterloo Regional Council in the 2014 municipal election and has been the Waterloo Regional Chair since 2018. Life and career. Redman was born in Kitchener, Ontario. After completing high school at Eastwood Collegiate Institute, Redman went on to graduate from the University of Waterloo, receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree in English in 1974. She subsequently worked as a writer, and was a member of the Kitchener-Waterloo Learning Disabilities Association and the Canadian Federation of University Women. She has been an elder in Kitchener's St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church since 1991. Politics. Redman served as a trustee on the Waterloo County Board of Education from 1988 to 1994, and was a city councillor for the Kitchener City Council and the Regional Municipality of Waterloo from 1994 to 1997. She was first elected to parliament in the federal election of 1997, defeating former Progressive Conservative MP John Reimer by over 10,000 votes. She was re-elected by comfortable margins in the elections of 2000, 2004, and 2006. Redman served as parliamentary secretary to the Minister of the Environment from 2000 to 2003.",
"She was named Chief Government Whip and sworn into the Queen's Privy Council for Canada on July 20, 2004, an important role in a minority government situation. Following the Liberal defeat in the 2006 election, she was named Chief Opposition Whip. In the 2008 federal election, she lost to Stephen Woodworth of the Conservative Party of Canada by 339 votes. On November 17, 2009, upon a reconstitution of the Office of the Leader of the Official Opposition under Chief of Staff Peter Donolo, Redman was named Caucus Liaison, a role drawing on her \"strong and deep ties with her former – and future – caucus colleagues.\" Redman was renominated as the federal Liberal candidate for the riding of Kitchener Centre in the 2011 election, yet lost again to Conservative Stephen Woodworth. She was elected to Waterloo Regional Council in the 2014 municipal election. In 2018 she successfully ran for and became the chair of the Waterloo Regional Council, receiving over 62% of the votes. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Redman may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American rapper (born 1970)\nReginald Noble (born April 17, 1970), better known by his stage name Redman, is an American rapper, DJ, record producer, and actor. He rose to fame in the early 1990s as an artist on the Def Jam label. He is well known for his collaborations with his close friend Method Man, as one-half of the rap duo Method Man & Redman including their starring roles in films and sitcoms which include \"How High\" and \"Method and Red\". He was also a member of the Def Squad in the late 1990s. Early life. Born on April 17, 1970, and raised in Newark, New Jersey, Redman attended Speedway Avenue School and 13th Avenue School before attending West Side High School, an experience he described as \"off the hook\". In 1987, Redman was expelled from Montclair State University his freshman year due to poor academic performance at age 16. Having no other options, Redman then went back home to live with his mother, Darlene Noble, who eventually kicked him out of her house for selling cocaine. Two years later, at age 18, Redman was a young DJ-MC who went by the name \"DJ Kut-Killa\". He freestyled over funk and hip hop instrumental tracks on vinyl records in various parks and house parties around New York and New Jersey. Redman was eventually discovered by Erick Sermon of EPMD while he was a DJ for Lords of the Underground. Sermon said when he met Redman for the first time, \"I knew there was something spectacular about him. Right off the bat.",
"The next day, we talked. And within the next two or three months, he moved to Long Island, to my crib. He moved right into my apartment.\" After moving in with Sermon, Redman went out on tour with EPMD. While on tour with the group he did everything from carrying their bags to coming out on stage and doing rap freestyles. In 1990, at an EPMD show in New York, Redman was invited onstage by Erick Sermon where he delivered a rap freestyle that changed his life. He freestyled a song describing himself as a rapper using every letter in the alphabet, from A to Z. After this, Redman was an official rap artist and began production with Erick Sermon on his first major label album, \"Whut? Thee Album\". Music career. \"Whut? Thee Album\" & \"Dare Iz a Darkside\" (1990–1995). In 1990, Redman made his official debut on EPMD's album \"Business as Usual\", appearing on the tracks \"Hardcore\" and \"Brothers on My Jock\". In 1992, Redman released his debut album, \"Whut? Thee Album\", which AllMusic noted for blending \"reggae and funk influences\" with a \"terse, though fluid rap style\". The album peaked at number forty-nine on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was certified gold. He was named \"Rap Artist of the Year\" by \"The Source\". Redman followed this up with his 1994 album, \"Dare Iz a Darkside\"."
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"doc_chunk": "Canadian politician\nKaren Redman (née Longo; born January 8, 1953) is a Canadian politician who currently serves as the chair of the Region of Waterloo. Previously, she was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2008, representing the riding of Kitchener Centre for the Liberal Party. She served as Chief Government Whip in the 2004 to 2005 Parliament, and was the Chief Official Opposition Whip in the 2006 to 2008 parliament. She was defeated in the 2008 federal election. She was elected to Waterloo Regional Council in the 2014 municipal election and has been the Waterloo Regional Chair since 2018. Life and career. Redman was born in Kitchener, Ontario. After completing high school at Eastwood Collegiate Institute, Redman went on to graduate from the University of Waterloo, receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree in English in 1974. She subsequently worked as a writer, and was a member of the Kitchener-Waterloo Learning Disabilities Association and the Canadian Federation of University Women. She has been an elder in Kitchener's St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church since 1991. Politics. Redman served as a trustee on the Waterloo County Board of Education from 1988 to 1994, and was a city councillor for the Kitchener City Council and the Regional Municipality of Waterloo from 1994 to 1997. She was first elected to parliament in the federal election of 1997, defeating former Progressive Conservative MP John Reimer by over 10,000 votes. She was re-elected by comfortable margins in the elections of 2000, 2004, and 2006. Redman served as parliamentary secretary to the Minister of the Environment from 2000 to 2003.",
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popqa | a70ba480-c9fa-49ff-b4df-a68424d4635f | What is Eduard Looijenga's occupation? | Eduard Looijenga | [
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"Dutch mathematician\nEduard Jacob Neven Looijenga (born 30 September 1948, Zaandam) is a Dutch mathematician who works in algebraic geometry and the theory of algebraic groups. He was a professor of mathematics at Utrecht University until his retirement in 2013. Looijenga studied mathematics at the University of Amsterdam beginning in 1965, and earned a master's degree there in 1971. He obtained a Dutch fellowship for two years of study at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques in France, and then returned to the University of Amsterdam, earning a Ph.D. in 1974 under the supervision of Nicolaas Kuiper. After postdoctoral research at the University of Liverpool, he took a faculty position at the University of Nijmegen in 1975, returned as a professor to the University of Amsterdam in 1987, and moved again to Utrecht in 1991. Since his 2013 retirement, he has also held a professorship at Tsinghua University. In 1978, Looijenga was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians. He became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1995, and in 2012 he became one of the inaugural fellows of the American Mathematical Society. In 2013, a conference in honor of his retirement was held at Utrecht University. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Dutch crystallographer and professor (1928–2018)\nAafje Looijenga-Vos (29 April 1928 in Marum – 4 November 2018 in Amersfoort) was a Dutch crystallographer. She was a professor for general chemistry and later for structural chemistry at the University of Groningen. Life. She studied chemistry at the University of Groningen from 1946 to 1952. Already in 1948, she met other crystallographers during the first Congress of the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). In 1952, she started her PhD in the group of the Eelco Wiebenga. Her PhD thesis dealt with the structures of P4S10 and P4S7 and was named \"De kristalstructuur van P4S10 and P4S7 \". She defended the thesis in 1955. The first two years after defending her thesis, she worked at UK crystallographic institutions (Glasgow, Leeds, Oxford, and Cambridge), where she also worked with Dorothy Hodgkin. In 1962, she became a professor for general chemistry and, in 1967, she became a professor of structural chemistry at the University of Groningen. She was the secretary of the IUCr Commission on the International Tables and was involved in realising the 1983 edition of Volume A of the \"International Tables for Crystallography.\" In 1982, she married Hans Looijenga, a widower with eight children. She was survived by 21 grandchildren and 4 great-grandchildren. Research.",
"Together with Philip Coppens, she performed neutron diffraction experiments on cyanuric acid crystals. She also worked on direct methods together with Isabella Karle. She was also involved in the development of the CAD-4, the \"C\"omputer \"A\"utomated \"D\"iffractometer with \"4\" circles. Furthermore, her research dealt with the following topics: cyclophosphazenes, electron-density distribution studies based on high-resolution data at low temperature, and relations between structure and both electrical and magnetic properties of morpholinium-TCNQ compounds. Awards. Since 1980, she was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Czech manufacturer\nEduard Model Accessories is a Czech manufacturer of plastic models and finescale model accessories. History. Formed in 1989 in the city of Most, Eduard began in a rented cellar as a manufacturer of photoetched brass model components. Following the success of their early products, the company branched off into plastic models in 1993. As of 2006, Eduard's product line contained some 30 plastic kits and more than 800 individual photoetch detail sets. To the plastic modeller community at large, Eduard has become a household word in the field of photoetched parts, and their products are available worldwide. Product lines. Eduard aircraft kits range from World War I to the present day. Some notable ones include: most of the famous World War I fighters are: Fokker D.VII, Pfalz D.III, Albatros D.III and the Sopwith Pup, while World War II had the: Yakovlev Yak-3, Hawker Hurricane, Spitfire and the Messerschmitt Bf 109, all in various sizes in , , and . Their older kits are of good quality, but the newer releases such as the Spitfire IXs and MiG-21s in their \"Profipack\" releases (including a brassin set, photoetched detail set and painting masks, along with other goodies) are acquiring a reputation as good as or better than the newer Tamiya and Hasegawa kits. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German philosopher and psychologist (1882–1963)\nEduard Spranger (27 June 1882 – 17 September 1963) was a German philosopher and psychologist. A student of Wilhelm Dilthey, Spranger was born in Berlin and died in Tübingen. He was considered a humanist who developed a philosophical pedagogy as an act of 'self defense' against the psychology-oriented experimental theory of the times. Spranger was the author of the book \"Lebensformen\" (Translated as \"Types of Men\"), which sold 28,000 copies by the end of 1920. Spranger theorizes that types of human life are structures in consciousness. His belief was that personality types have a basis in biology, but can not be fully explained by biology. He wrote, \"On a lower level, perhaps, the soul is purely biologically determined. On a higher level, the historical, for instance, the soul participates in objective values which cannot be deduced from the simple value of self-preservation.\" He criticized psychologists who reduced the psyche and society to abstract elements of science. Another characteristic of Spranger's thought is his interest in holism, which involves the discovery that \"everything is part of everything else,\" and that the \"totality of mind is present in every act.\" He asserts that quantitative calculations of sensations, reflexes, and citations from memory are meaningless units, that when synthesized, do not add up to the meaningful whole that we all live. Thought."
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popqa | f39724f8-39fd-4fe5-a1db-4c366c2e6988 | What is Petrus Camper's occupation? | Petrus Camper | [
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"Dutch scientist\nPetrus Camper FRS (11 May 1722 – 7 April 1789), was a Dutch physician, anatomist, physiologist, midwife, zoologist, anthropologist, palaeontologist and a naturalist in the Age of Enlightenment. He was one of the first to take an interest in comparative anatomy, palaeontology, and the facial angle. He was among the first to mark out an \"anthropology,\" which he distinguished from natural history. He studied the orangutan, the Javan rhinoceros, and the skull of a mosasaur, which he believed was a whale. Camper was a celebrity in Europe and became a member of the Royal Society (1750), the Göttingen (1779), and Russian Academy of Sciences (1778), the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1783), the French (1786) and the Prussian Academy of Sciences (1788). He designed and constructed tools for his patients, and for surgeries. He was an amateur drawer, a sculptor, a patron of art and a conservative, royalist politician. Camper published some lectures containing an account of his craniometrical methods. These laid the foundation of all subsequent work. Studies and teaching. Petrus Camper was the son of a well-to-do minister, who made his fortune Batavia, Dutch East Indies and returned with a (young?) pickled Bornean orangutan in a jar. A brilliant alumnus, he studied medicine and philosophy at the University of Leiden and obtained a degree in both sciences on the same day at the age of 24.",
"After both his parents died Camper travelled to England (where he met with William Smellie), to France (where he met with Georges de Buffon) and Geneva. In the meantime he was appointed as professor of philosophy, anatomy and surgery at the University of Franeker and Camper traveled to Friesland. In 1756, Camper married the widow Johanna Boerboom, daughter of the burgomaster of Leeuwarden, whom he met while treating her husband, the burgomaster from Harlingen. Surgeon's Guild. In 1755 he had moved to Amsterdam, where he occupied a chair of anatomy and surgery at the \"Athenaeum Illustre\", later completed by a medicine chair. He investigated inguinal hernia, patella and the best form of shoe. He withdrew five years later to dedicate himself to scientific research, living on his wife's estate \"Klein Lankum\" just outside Franeker. In his farewell speech, he mentioned that he had dissected more than 50 bodies in public, including a twelve-year-old Angolese African boy. His experience led to the publication of \"Demonstrationum anatomico-pathologicarum\" (1760-1762). In 1762 he became politically active and promoted public health issues such as vaccination against smallpox. In 1763 he accepted the chair of anatomy, surgery and botany at the University of Groningen. He made drawings to illustrate his eloquent lectures and the number of students grew. His main focus of attention was anatomy, zoology and his collection of minerals and fossils.",
"Among his many works, he studied osteology of birds and discovered the presence of air in the inner cavities of birds' skeletons. He investigated the anatomy of eight young orangutans, establishing it as a different species to humans, as quadrupeds, against the theories of contemporary scientists. \"Camper cleared up a lot of confusion when he distinguished the orangutan from the chimpanzee.\" Petrus Camper published treatises on the hearing of fishes and the sound of frogs. He studied the diseases of \"rinderpest\" and rabies (1768-1770). Camper kept a surgical clinic. Before retiring in 1773, he introduced several new instruments and procedures for surgery and obstetrics. Back in Franeker, he dissected an elephant and a Javan rhinoceros, after they died in the menagerie, belonging to the stadtholder. In 1782 he published his latest research, a treatise in which he disagreed with Carl Linnaeus and De Buffon on the taxonomy of apes. Comparative anatomy. One of the first to study comparative anatomy, Petrus Camper demonstrated the principle of correlation in all organisms by \"metamorphosis\". In his 1778 lecture, \"On the Points of Similarity between the Human Species, Quadrupeds, Birds, and Fish; with Rules for Drawing, founded on this Similarity,\" he metamorphosed a horse into a human being, thus showing the similarity between all vertebrates.",
"Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire theorised this in 1795 as the \"unity of organic composition,\" the influence of which is perceptible in all his subsequent writings; nature, he observed, presents us with only one plan of construction, the same in principle, but varied in its accessory parts. Camper's metamorphoses which demonstrated this \"unity of Plan\" greatly impressed Diderot and Goethe. In 1923 and 1939 some Dutch authors suggested that Camper foreshadowed Goethe's famous idea of \"type\" – a common structural pattern in some manner\n\"Facial angle\". Petrus Camper is renowned for his theory of facial angle (prognathism). He determined that humans had facial angles between 70° and 80°, with African and Asian angles closer to 70°, and European angles closer to 80. According to his new portraiture technique, an angle is formed by drawing two lines: one horizontally from the nostril to the ear, and the other perpendicularly from the advancing part of the upper jawbone to the most prominent part of the forehead. He claimed that antique Greco-Roman statues presented an angle of 100°-95°, Europeans of 80°, 'Orientals' of 70°, Black people of 70° and the orangutan of 42–58°. He stated that, out of all races, Africans were most removed from the classical sense of ideal beauty. These results were later used as scientific racism, with research continued by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Paul Broca.",
"Camper, however, agreed with Buffon in drawing a sharp line between human and animals (although he was misinterpreted by Diderot, who claimed that he was a supporter of the Great Chain of Being theory). Camper confirmed the categorizing species by Linné. Camper and the arts. He was interested in architecture, mathematics, furniture making, drawing and illustrated his own lectures. Four times he gave lectures in Amsterdam to art students, e.g. on beauty and portraiture. He disagreed that artists painted the black Magus (in the nativity) with a Caucasian face. In 1780 he took lessons from Étienne Maurice Falconet. In his ideas about art, Camper was influenced by Johann Joachim Winckelmann. He made drawings of the Dolmen near Noordlaren. He was in the selection committee for the prize contest for the design of the new townhall in Groningen that was awarded to his friend Jacob Otten Husly. Legacy. Georges Cuvier praised his \"genius eye\" but criticised him for keeping himself to simple sketches. He had a eulogy in his honour composed by Nicolas de Condorcet and Félix Vicq-d'Azyr. Camper influenced Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton. His son Adriaan Gilles Camper published much of his father's unpublished research in addition to a biography of him. The Dutch author Thomas Rosenboom used Petrus Camper as a character in his novel, \"Gewassen vlees\" (1994). Camper was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1789."
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popqa | 13a90db1-36ec-4707-ad2c-1c0afd34c24a | What is Jacopo Melani's occupation? | Jacopo Melani | [
"composer"
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"Italian composer and violinist\nJacopo Melani (6 July 1623 – 18 August 1676) was an Italian composer and violinist of the Baroque era. He was born and died in Pistoia, and was the brother of composer Alessandro Melani and singer Atto Melani.",
"Melani may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Italian opera singer\nAtto Melani (30 March 1626, in Pistoia – 4 January 1714, in Paris) was a famous Italian castrato opera singer, also employed as a diplomat and a spy. Life. Melani was born in Pistoia, the third of seven sons of a local bell-ringer. He was castrated at a young age so that he could become a singer. Three other brothers also became castrati, along with two cousins. His brothers Alessandro Melani and Jacopo Melani both became celebrated composers. He soon attracted the patronage of nobleman Mattias de' Medici. Roger Freitas argues that the \"circumstantial evidence is convincing\" that Melani has an affair with Duke Carlo II of Mantua: Melani indicated that \"both men had sex with the same (unidentified) page at the court of Innsbruck\". Atto first sang between 1636 and 1643 in the choir of the Cathedral of Pistoia. At the opening of the Teatro Novo in Venice, the fifteen-year-old took part in Francesco Sacrati's \"La finta pazza\" in 1641, and in the Carnival of 1642 in Sacratis Bellerofonte. There are records of appearances in Florence in 1644, and in the same year he went to Rome. Melani quickly became famous and exaggerated stories that his voice was the result of being bitten by a snake. His most celebrated role on stage was as Orfeo in the opera by Luigi Rossi which premiered in 1647.",
"His fame took Melani to France and an introduction to the court of Louis XIV, effectively presented as a gift from the Medici dukes to the opera-loving Queen Anne. Cardinal Mazarin thereupon introduced him to the world of espionage, where Melani quickly shone as he had in music; Melani was able to move secretly around European states under cover of his singing. He took advantage of concerts held in the various courts to send messages and discover secrets. When the Fronde broke out in 1649, Melani had to flee Paris and went back to Italy, where he stayed in Florence, Mantua and Modena, and later also in Innsbruck and Regensburg. In 1657, he was sent by Mazarin to Bavaria to persuade the prince elector Ferdinand, a friend and ally of France, to put himself forward as candidate for Holy Roman Emperor. Although the operation ultimately failed, Mazarin came to appreciate Melani's diplomatic abilities. Mazarin's death reversed Melani's fortunes. Especially damaging was his closeness to the superintendent of finances, Nicolas Fouquet, who was arrested and imprisoned. Louis had known Melani from his infancy and therefore had confidence in him, but after discovering Melani had copied his letters to Fouquet decided to publicly exile him. There is also some suggestion that the husband of Hortense Mancini convinced Louis to exile Melani, apparently out of suspicion that the latter was having an affair with his wife. Melani left France for Rome, where he spent the next 15 years.",
"He entered the formal service of Cardinal Giulio Rospigliosi, also from Pistoia, but continued to enjoy favour with Maria Mancini (another niece of Mazarin), with whom he maintained a correspondence of more than forty years. After the death of Pope Alexander VII, Melani's patron Rospigliosi rose to the papacy as Clement IX. Melani took part in the conclave as an assistant, but it is unknown if he played a role in influencing the election. Nevertheless, Louis, content at the outcome of the conclave, removed the ban on Melani and awarded him the title of Abbot with an annual stipend. In 1668, Melani sang publicly for the last time at Palazzo Colonna, and from then on dedicated himself exclusively to politics and diplomacy, writing several books on Rome, advising the King of France, mediating with the German princes, and acting as go-between among the Italian States. He finally died at the age of 88 in 1714 in Paris. The assets he left in his will were significant: besides rich buildings, warehouses in Italy and France, and a large library. In fiction. Melani has been the object in recent years in the novels by Rita Monaldi and Francesco Sorti beginning with \"Imprimatur\" and continuing with \"Secretum\" and \"Veritas\". The two authors published some documents written from Melani including a letter to Louis XIV. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | dac9ab34-e9a4-43c1-a6c1-299711a25985 | What is Charlotte von Hagn's occupation? | Charlotte von Hagn | [
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"German actress\nCharlotte von Hagn (23 March 1809 – 23 April 1891) was a German actress of the Biedermeier-era. Early life. Hagn was born in Munich, a daughter of the businessman Karl von Hagn and his wife Josepha Schwab. Her younger brother was the painter Ludwig von Hagn. Career. At her first appearance at the 1828 Munich Hoftheater, the audience applauded at once and she had huge successes at the Burgtheaters in Vienna, Dresden, Berlin and Budapest. From 1838 to 1846 she belonged to the Berlin Hofbühne. She worked in Saint Petersburg, Hamburg, Budapest and other cities and seems to have been celebrated everywhere she went. Her talent for comedy was apparently based on her beauty and demeanour. She was described as a witty and charming conversationalist, and she competed with Karoline Bauer; the theatre audiences were divided into \"Hagnerians\" and \"Bauerians\". She was much less well-suited to tragic roles. Her witty impromptu asides gave her the nickname of \"the German Déjazet\". Personal life. In the spring of 1848 she married the landowner Alexander von Oven and retired from the stage, but she was divorced in 1851. She had an affair with Franz Liszt, who called her the concubine of two kings, and may have had an affair with Bavarian King Ludwig I. He commissioned a portrait of her from his court painter Joseph Karl Stieler in 1828 for his Gallery of Beauties when she was 19 years old. Death.",
"After her divorce, Charlotte von Hagn lived for a time in Gotha and then in Munich, where she died in April 1891. She was buried as Charlotte von Oven in the Alter Südfriedhof in Munich. Her grave has been preserved.",
"German painter\nLudwig von Hagn (or Louis von Hagn; 23 November 1819 – 15 January 1898) was a German genre painter. Biography. He was born in Munich, the son of a businessman Karl von Hagn and his wife Josepha Schwab. His older sister, Charlotte von Hagn, was a well-known actress. After a brief public education, he followed his family's wishes and entered the local Cadet School. Following a visit to Berlin with his sister in 1840, he developed an interest in art. Soon after, he left the Cadet Corps and became a student of the marine painter Wilhelm Krause. Upon returning to Munich, he enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts, where his instructors included the history painter Clemens von Zimmermann and the landscape painter Albert Zimmermann (no relation). In 1846, he became one of the first artists from Munich to study in Antwerp. His instructors there were Gustave Wappers and Eugène-François de Block. He spent a year with the latter, working at his studio in Brussels. In 1850, he returned to Berlin to study architecture and was influenced by the works of Adolph Menzel. His visits to Sanssouci began to give his paintings a Rococo touch. From 1853 to 1855, he was in Paris, where he became interested in the works of Léon Cogniet, Paul Delaroche, Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier and Joseph Nicolas Robert-Fleury. During this time, he became lifelong friends with his former Belgian colleagues Florent Willems and Alfred Stevens.",
"In 1855, he settled in Munich and became a freelance painter, forming a small circle of like-minded acquaintances that included Franz von Lenbach, Victor Müller and August von Pettenkofen. From 1863 to 1865, he continued his studies in Florence, Italy, and moved away from the Rococo style. He died in his home city of Munich. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons",
"German alpine skier (1948–2020)\nAlfred Hagn (18 February 1948, in Fischbachau – 11 April 2020) was a German alpine skier who competed in the 1968 Winter Olympics and 1972 Winter Olympics. He died 11 April 2020. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 1a3acc25-e593-4999-8652-612f42aff0f3 | What is Michael Hutchings's occupation? | Michael Hutchings (chef) | [
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"Michael Hutchings (born 1949) is a professional chef who is best known as the chef/owner of Michael's Waterside in Santa Barbara, California. He appears with Julia Child on the PBS cooking program \"Dinner at Julia's\" and on Cox Television with Jeanne Berg's \"Cooking Local\" program. Since 2015, he has appeared as the Chef Host of the Santa Barbara ABC-Affiliate cooking program \"The Inn Crowd\". Biography. Michael Hutchings first worked at a restaurant in college. His first major job was in the kitchen of the private Club 33 at Disneyland. Michael Hutchings eventually became executive chef of Club 33, and afterwards worked under several Los Angeles chefs, including James Sly and Jean Grodin. He then opened Michael's Waterside in Santa Barbara. He sold Michael's Waterside in 1993, and worked at other restaurants for some time. Chef Michael currently oversees a food consulting and service business in Santa Barbara. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Michael Hutchings may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"American mathematician\nMichael Lounsbery Hutchings is an American mathematician, a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is known for proving the double bubble conjecture on the shape of two-chambered soap bubbles, and for his work on circle-valued Morse theory and on embedded contact homology, which he defined. Career. As an undergraduate student at Harvard University, Hutchings did an REU project with Frank Morgan at Williams College that began his interest in the mathematics of soap bubbles. He finished his undergraduate studies in 1993, and stayed at Harvard for graduate school, earning his Ph.D. in 1998 under the supervision of Clifford Taubes. After postdoctoral and visiting positions at Stanford University, the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in Bonn, Germany, and the\nInstitute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, he joined the UC Berkeley faculty in 2001. His work on circle-valued Morse theory (partly in collaboration with Yi-Jen Lee) studies torsion invariants that arise from circle-valued Morse theory and, more generally, closed 1-forms, and relates them to the three-dimensional Seiberg–Witten invariants and the Meng–Taubes theorem, in analogy with Taubes' Gromov–Seiberg–Witten theorem in four dimensions. The main body of his work involves embedded contact homology, or ECH. ECH is a holomorphic curve model for the Seiberg–Witten Floer homology of a three-manifold, and is thus a version of Taubes's Gromov invariant for certain four-manifolds with boundary.",
"Ideas connected to ECH were important in Taubes's proof of the Weinstein conjecture for three-manifolds. Embedded contact homology has now been proven to be isomorphic to both monopole Floer homology (Kutluhan–Lee–Taubes) and Heegaard Floer homology (Colin–Ghiggini–Honda). Hutchings has also introduced a sequence of symplectic capacities known as ECH capacities, which have applications to embedding problems for Liouville domains. He won a Sloan Research Fellowship in 2003. He gave an invited talk at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 2010, entitled \"Embedded contact homology and its applications\". In 2012, he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Hutchings is a surname of English and Scottish origin. People with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname ."
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popqa | 59ee69b1-f4d6-4cea-bc17-2ec1f066615f | What is James Alex Msekela's occupation? | James Msekela | [
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"Tanzanian politician and diplomat\nJames Alex Msekela (born 3 September 1959) is a Tanzanian politician and diplomat. He was Tanzania's ambassador to Italy, having been appointed by President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete and sworn in on 5 January 2012. Early life and education. In his early life Msekela grew up in Tabora District and later on in Nzega District, Ijanija ward, where he finished his primary education in 1973 at the Tazengwa Primary School. From 1974 he attended Tanga Technical Secondary School, graduating in 1977, and went on to Dar es Salaam Technical College where he received his Full Technician Certificate in 1981. He joined the CCM as a youth member in 1980, and a full member in 1982. After graduation he briefly worked with The Tanzania Cashewnut Authority before he went to Mafinga to do his compulsory one-year National Service. In mid 1982 he got employed at the University of Dar es Salaam as a technician. In mid 1983 he received a scholarship to Leningrad State Technical University in the U.S.S.R. where in 1990 he received his Master's of science in Engineering. Upon his return from Russia, he was hired as a lecturer at the University of Dar es Salaam. Three years later he was admitted to the Electrical Machines Department of the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden where he received his Licentiate Teknik degree in 1995. This was concurrent with his work on his doctorate at the University of Dar es Salaam, where he received his Ph.D. in Engineering in 1997.",
"He continued teaching at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Dar es Salaam until October 2000 when he got elected Member of Parliament, representing Tabora Constituency under the CCM ticket, the position he retained for five more years after the National Election of year 2005. Politics. A long time CCM party member, Msekela entered politics in 2000 when he got elected Member of Parliament for Tabora North Constituency, alongside taking duties for the party. He was re-elected to the Tanzanian Parliament in 2005 from the Tabora North Tabora (Tabora Kaskazini) of Tabora Urban District. In 2006, in addition to his MP duties, he was appointed by the President of the United Republic of Tanzania as Regional Commissioner for Mwanza Region. which job he held until February 2009 when he was appointed Regional Commissioner for the Dodoma Region where he served until October 2011. Msekela did not run again for parliament in the 2010 elections. From Dodoma he went on to become the Ambassador to Italy for four years starting from early 2012. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Welsh musician, composer of the Welsh national anthem (1832–1902)\nJames James (also known by the bardic name \"Iago ap Ieuan\") (1832–1902) was a Welsh harpist and musician from Hollybush, Blackwood, Wales. He composed the tune of the Welsh national anthem \"Hen Wlad fy Nhadau\" (also known as \"Land of my Fathers\"). Today, the same tune is also used for the Breton anthem, \"Bro Gozh ma Zadoù\", and the Cornish anthem, \"Bro Goth agan Tasow\". Life. James was born on 4 November 1832, at the 'Ancient Druid Inn', Hollybush, in the parish of Bedwellty, Monmouthshire. He was the son of Evan James (1809–1878) and Elizabeth Stradling of Caerphilly. His father, a Welsh poet who wrote under the pen-name of \"leuan ab lago\", moved with his family to Pontypridd, where he carried on the business of weaver and wool merchant, in about 1844. His son James assisted him in the business. James James composed the melody which was later to be known as \"Hen Wlad fy Nhadau\" in January 1856. Its initial title was \"Glan Rhondda\" (The banks of the Rhondda), giving rise to the tradition that the tune had come to James as he walked on the bank of the River Rhondda. His father, Evan James, wrote the lyrics that eventually became the words of the Welsh national anthem.",
"James James died in Aberdare in the Cynon Valley on 11 January 1902. He was buried in the local cemetery at Aberdare, in the same grave as his wife Cecilia and daughter Louisa. A memorial to James James and his father, in the shape of two figures representing the muses of Poetry and Music, stands in Ynysangharad Park, Pontypridd. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American historian (1864–1962)\nJames Alton James (September 17, 1864 – February 12, 1962) was an American educator and historian. Biography. James was born on September 17, 1864, in Jefferson, Wisconsin. He spent two years at the Platteville Normal School, and then, after teaching high school for two years to pay for the university, entered the University of Wisconsin, where he graduated as valedictorian with an LL.B. in 1888. He received a Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1893. He was superintendent of schools in Darlington, Wisconsin, 1888–90; professor of history at Cornell College, Iowa, 1893–97. He became a professor of history at Northwestern University in 1897, becoming professor emeritus in 1935. He was head of the history department for over two decades and was also the chairman of the graduate student work at the university from 1917 to 1931. He was a member of several educational and historical societies. James died on February 12, 1962, in Evanston, Illinois. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | b7ea0a28-9c7f-469f-a581-845e3ff2b383 | What is Hiroyuki Arai's occupation? | Hiroyuki Arai | [
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"Japanese politician\n is a Japanese politician, an independent and member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature). A native of Tamura, Fukushima and graduate of Waseda University, he had served in the assembly of Fukushima Prefecture for one term since 1987. He was elected to House of Representatives for the first time in 1993 after running unsuccessfully in 1990. After losing the seat in 2003, he was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time in 2004 as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.",
"Arai may refer to:\nOrganisations. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
" is a common masculine Japanese given name. Possible writings. Hiroyuki can be written using different kanji characters and can mean: extensive, good fortune, spacious. It is written in hiragana as and in katakana as . People with the name. Notable people with the name include:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Japanese astronomer\n is a Japanese amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets. He is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 45 minor planets during 1988–1991, all in collaboration with astronomer Hiroshi Mori. On 5 January 1991, he has also discovered Comet Arai, C/1991 A2. The main-belt asteroid 21082 Araimasaru, discovered by Tsutomu Hioki and Shuji Hayakawa at Okutama in 1991, was named in his honor. Naming citation was published on 6 January 2003 (M.P.C. 47301). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese singer, songwriter and lyricist (born 1959)\n is a Japanese singer, songwriter, and lyricist for various anime theme songs and shows, including \"Record of Lodoss War\", \"Please Save My Earth\", \"Macross Plus\", \"Outlaw Star\", \"Kaze no Stigma\", \"Maoyu\", and \"Aria The Origination\". Biography. Arai joined Victor Music Entertainment after graduating from university. She worked on collaborations with various artists there. Her first single, \"Yakusoku\" was released in 1986, and was used as an insert song for the anime \"Windaria\". She also released the album \"Natsukashii Mirai\". In 1988 she left her agency. In 1992, she released the singles \"Kaze to Tori to Sora ~reincarnation~\" and \"Kooru Suna\" which were used as songs for the \"Record of Lodoss War\" anime and \"The Weathering Continent\" drama CD, respectively. Her activity in anime continued with \"Please Save My Earth\". In 1994, she sang \"Voices\" for the \"Macross Plus\" OVA, where she also was the singing voice for Myung Fang Lone and Sharon Apple. She would later release her first compilation album \"Sora no mori\" in 1997. She wrote and performed the two ending songs for the 1998 anime \"Outlaw Star\" and contributed songs for \"Record of Lodoss War: Chronicles of the Heroic Knight\". In 1999, she released \"Kanaete\" for the \"Puppet Master Sakon\" anime."
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popqa | 305e9600-e316-46b0-9e95-2ef5dedd1178 | What is Melinda Mullins's occupation? | Melinda Mullins | [
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"American actress (born 1958)\nMelinda Mullins (born April 20, 1958) is an American former film, television and theatre actress. Early life and education. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in the Romance languages from Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, in 1979. She also studied at the Juilliard School in New York City, New York, and the Conservatoire National Supérieur d'Art Dramatique in Paris. She also took the Alan Weiss Broadcasting Course and Michael Shurtleff's Scene Study and Audition Class. Career. Mullins has appeared in numerous roles in film, television and on the Broadway stage. While appearing in several TV series, such as \"M*A*S*H\" or \"Law & Order\", Mullins may be best known for her role as former Broadway leading lady Hilary Booth in Rupert Holmes' \"Remember WENN\". Mullins, who also writes screenplays and short stories, has been married to actor/author Joshua Bryant, who appeared as Jack Scully on \"M*A*S*H\", since 2005; the couple currently resides in France.",
"2004 film by Woody Allen\nMelinda and Melinda is a 2004 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Woody Allen. The film is set in Manhattan and stars Radha Mitchell as the protagonist Melinda, in two storylines; one tragic and the other comic. It premiered at the 2004 San Sebastián International Film Festival and was given a limited theatrical release in the United States on March 18, 2005, by Fox Searchlight Pictures. Plot. Four writers converse over dinner about the value of comedy and tragedy. The question arises: Is life naturally comic or tragic? One of the four proposes a real story he heard somewhere else: a distraught woman named Melinda disrupts a dinner party held by a couple, and a series of events involving affairs and a suicide attempt ensues. The two prominent playwrights in the group begin telling their versions of this story, one being comic and one tragic. In the tragic story, Melinda, a widowed friend of the couple (consisting of failed actor Lee and wealthy socialite Laurel), ends up staying at their house. During the course of the story, she loses the custody of her children due to her history of alcoholism and drug abuse. Believing Melinda is depressed due to the loss of her husband, Laurel decides to help her look for a boyfriend. At a party, the two women end up falling for the same man, a pianist and composer named Ellis Moonsong. Melinda starts dating Ellis, who also starts an affair with Laurel. During a date, Melinda reveals to Ellis that her husband's death was not accidental, as everyone believes. She actually killed him after discovering that he had been cheating on her.",
"One evening, Laurel finds out Lee is having an affair with an acting student of his. Defending himself, Lee mentions he knows Laurel is cheating on him with Ellis, and Melinda overhears this. After Laurel and Ellis confirm this to her, a distressed Melinda attempts to jump off a building. However, Ellis manages to save her. In the comedic story, Melinda is a neighbor of the couple (consisting of failed actor Hobie and aspiring filmmaker Susan). Hobie is smitten by Melinda and develops a friendship with her. Despite his relationship with Susan being fraught, Hobie feels guilty about even considering to have an affair. While at a store, he finds and old lamp and rubs it while wishing for a way to have a romantic relationship with Melinda without hurting Susan. When Hobie returns home, he finds Susan having sex with one of the possible candidates to produce her next film. Delighted, Hobie breaks up with Susan and asks Melinda out. However, before he can confess his feelings for her, Hobie discovers Melinda started a relationship with a pianist she met on the street. Melinda and her new boyfriend decide to help a secretly jealous Hobie find a girlfriend. They set her up with a \"Playboy\" model, and the four go on a date on Halloween that involves seeing a movie and attending a party. There, the two strangers realize they both feel lonely and decide to go to Hobie's apartment to have sex. Seeing them leave the party together, a hurt Melinda realizes she has feelings for Hobie.",
"At his place, before they can have sex, the model realizes she is still sad about her previous break-up. She tries to throw herself off the building before Hobie stops her. After she is gone, Hobie finds Melinda spying on him, and they both confess their feelings for each other. Without reaching a true conclusion on the value of tragedy and comedy, the writers realize that it is important to appreciate the tragic and comedic moments in life as one never knows when it will end. Cast. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>* Chiwetel Ejiofor as Ellis Moonsong\nMitchell plays Melinda in both versions. Sevigny, Miller, and Ejiofor star with her in the tragedy, while Ferrell and Peet star with her in the comedy. Carell has a small part as Ferrell's character's friend. Production. Woody Allen said in \"Conversations with Woody Allen\" that he wanted to cast Winona Ryder in the title role. He had to replace her with Radha Mitchell because no one would insure Ryder due to her arrest for shoplifting; this would have made it impossible to obtain a film completion bond. Allen stated he was sad because he had written the part for Ryder after working with her on \"Celebrity\" (1998). In the same interview, he also claimed to have intended Ferrell's part for Robert Downey Jr., but, again, insurance got in the way due to Downey's history of arrests and drug abuse.",
"The film also stars Wallace Shawn (alluding to his dinner-philosophy argument in \"My Dinner with Andre\") as the comic playwright, Larry Pine as the tragedian, and Brooke Smith as Cassie. All three had appeared in the 1994 film \"Vanya on 42nd Street\", directed by Louis Malle. Reception. Box office. \"Melinda and Melinda\" grossed $3.8 million in the United States and Canada, and $16.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $20.1 million. The film opened on March 18, 2005, in one New York City cinema, where it grossed $74,238 in its first three days. On its second weekend, it expanded to 95 theaters to gross $740,619, seeing its per-screen average drop to $7,795. Critical response. \"Melinda and Melinda\" received mixed reviews from critics. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 51% based on 157 reviews, with an average rating of 5.7/10. The website's critics consensus reads, \"Woody Allen's uneven \"Melinda and Melinda\" fails to find neither comedy nor pathos in what seems like a rehash of his previous themes.\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 54 out of 100, based on 40 critics, indicating \"mixed or average\" reviews. Leonard Maltin gave the film two stars, calling it \"meandering\", with \"echoes ... of earlier, better Allen movies\". Soundtrack."
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popqa | 3e7842a3-416b-4e96-97a4-444e96ff0655 | What is Meyer Lutz's occupation? | Meyer Lutz | [
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"German-born British composer and conductor\nWilhelm Meyer Lutz (19 May 1829 – 31 January 1903) was a German-born British composer and conductor who is best known for light music, musical theatre and burlesques of well-known works. Emigrating to the UK at the age of 19, Lutz started as an organist and soon became a theatrical conductor in London. After serving from 1850 to 1855 as music director of the Surrey Theatre, Lutz conducted touring opera companies and composed some serious music and music for the Christy Minstrels. In 1869, he was engaged as the music director of the Gaiety Theatre, London, arranging and later composing a series of popular burlesques over the next 25 years. Lutz continued to compose songs into the 20th century. Life and career. Lutz was born in Münnerstadt, Bavaria, Germany. His parents were Joseph Lutz (1801–1879), a music professor, and Magdalena (1809–1862). His older brother, Baron Johann Lutz, became the prime minister of Bavaria under King Ludwig II of Bavaria. Lutz studied music first with his father, then in Würzburg at the University. He visited Britain, as a pianist, in 1846, and then moved to England in 1848 at the age of 19. Early career. Lutz began as an organist in churches at Birmingham and Leeds. Then, for many years, he played the organ at St George's Cathedral, Southwark. Lutz was also a Freemason, and served as the Grand Organist of the United Grand Lodge of England. Lutz soon became a theatrical conductor.",
"From 1850 to 1855, he conducted at the Surrey Theatre and later the Royalty Theatre. For that theatre, he composed two operas, the one-act \"The Charmed Harp\" (1852) and a grand opera, \"Faust and Marguerite\" (1855). After this, for many years, Lutz conducted concerts in the British provinces and touring opera troupes for Giulia Grisi, the tenor Mario and others. Some of these were led by the tenor Elliot Galer (the founder, in 1877, of the Royal Opera House in Leicester), who produced Lutz's opera \"Zaida, or, The Pearl of Granada\" (with a libretto by Oliver Summers) in 1859 in Liverpool. In the 1850s and 1860s he shared the concert podium at classical concerts with Julius Benedict both in the provinces and at St. James's Hall in London. In 1859, in Derby, England, Lutz played the piano for a series of ten \"Concerts for the People\" at the Temperance Hall. Galer also mounted three other Lutz operas at the Royalty Theatre in London: \"Blonde or Brunette\" (1862), \"Cousin Kate\" (1863), and \"Felix, or The Festival of the Roses\" (1865). During these years, Lutz also composed the cantatas \"Herne the Hunter\" (The Crystal Palace, 1862) and \"King Christmas\" (Oxford Music Hall, 1863), and music for the Christy Minstrels. Gaiety Theatre years.",
"In 1869, manager John Hollingshead hired Lutz as the resident musical director and conductor at the recently opened Gaiety Theatre, composing dances and songs for productions at that theatre, as well as conducting the orchestra for the operas, operettas, plays and burlesques mounted at the theatre. In this capacity, he conducted \"Thespis\", the first Gilbert and Sullivan comic opera, in 1871. Lutz's early compositions for the Gaiety theatre included incidental music for \"Dreams\" (1869), a play by Thomas W. Robertson. \"The Miller of Milburg\" (1872). At the same time, Christine Nilsson performed his scena \"Xenia the Sclavonian Maiden\" (1869), and at the Covent Garden Promenade Concerts in 1873, his cantata, \"Legend of the Lys\", was performed. He also composed music for such shows as \"On Condition\" (1882) and \"Posterity\" (1884) for Lila Clay's all-ladies troupe. He also composed the popular song, \"Eyes of English Blue\" for Alice Atherton.",
"At the Gaiety, Lutz compiled the scores, and later often composed original music, for a series of popular pasticcio entertainments, opera-bouffes and burlesques, including \"The Bohemian G-yurl and the Unapproachable Pole\" (1877); \"Robbing Roy\" (1879 by F. C. Burnand); a version of \"The Forty Thieves\" (1880, libretto by Robert Reece; Lutz had conducted an 1878 version of the same story); \"All in the Downs; or, Black-Eyed Susan\" (1881); \"Aladdin\" (1881); \"Oh! Those Girls\" (1882); \"Blue Beard\" (1882); \"Galatea, or Pygmalion Reversed\" (1883, with a libretto by Henry Pottinger Stephens); \"Ariel\" (1883, libretto by Burnand); and \"Mazeppa\" (1884).",
"George Edwardes took over management of the Gaiety in 1885 and expanded the format of the burlesques, commissioning Lutz to write original scores for the \"new burlesques\" at the theatre: \"Little Jack Sheppard\" (1885, libretto by Stephens); \"Monte Cristo Jr.\" (1886); \"Miss Esmeralda, or The Maid and the Monkey\" (1887); \"Frankenstein, or The Vampire's Victim\" (1887); \"Faust up to Date\" (1888, libretto by G. R. Sims and Henry Pettitt); \"Ruy Blas and the Blasé Roué\" (1889, libretto by Frederick Hobson Leslie and Herbert F. Clark); \"Carmen up to Data\" (1890, libretto by Sims and Pettitt); \"Cinder Ellen up too Late\" (1891, libretto by Leslie); and \"Don Juan\" (1892, book by Leslie, lyrics by Adrian Ross). The \"Pas de quatre\", a sprightly barn-dance written for \"Faust up to Date\", remained popular for more than fifty years and has had at least two modern recordings. In 1893, with Albert O'Donnell Bartholeyns, he wrote \"A la Française\". During these years, Lutz continued in demand as a conductor throughout Britain and continued to compose religious and secular music."
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"doc_chunk": "German-born British composer and conductor\nWilhelm Meyer Lutz (19 May 1829 – 31 January 1903) was a German-born British composer and conductor who is best known for light music, musical theatre and burlesques of well-known works. Emigrating to the UK at the age of 19, Lutz started as an organist and soon became a theatrical conductor in London. After serving from 1850 to 1855 as music director of the Surrey Theatre, Lutz conducted touring opera companies and composed some serious music and music for the Christy Minstrels. In 1869, he was engaged as the music director of the Gaiety Theatre, London, arranging and later composing a series of popular burlesques over the next 25 years. Lutz continued to compose songs into the 20th century. Life and career. Lutz was born in Münnerstadt, Bavaria, Germany. His parents were Joseph Lutz (1801–1879), a music professor, and Magdalena (1809–1862). His older brother, Baron Johann Lutz, became the prime minister of Bavaria under King Ludwig II of Bavaria. Lutz studied music first with his father, then in Würzburg at the University. He visited Britain, as a pianist, in 1846, and then moved to England in 1848 at the age of 19. Early career. Lutz began as an organist in churches at Birmingham and Leeds. Then, for many years, he played the organ at St George's Cathedral, Southwark. Lutz was also a Freemason, and served as the Grand Organist of the United Grand Lodge of England. Lutz soon became a theatrical conductor.",
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popqa | 55d7decd-7a10-4a37-9923-5e970c10be77 | What is Ludwig Lichtschein's occupation? | Ludwig Lichtschein | [
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"Hungarian rabbi (died 1886)\nLudwig Lichtschein (died 1886, Ofen) was a Hungarian rabbi. Lichtschein was born Komorn, studied at Pápa, and was rabbinical assessor of Austerlitz, Nagykanizsa, and Esztergom. From 1876 until his death he was rabbi at Somogy-Csurgó. Lichtschein was the author of the following works:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ludwig may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"German astronomer (1907–1986)\nLudwig Franz Benedikt Biermann (March 13, 1907 in Hamm – January 12, 1986 in München) was a German astronomer, obtaining his Ph.D. from Göttingen University in 1932. He made important contributions to astrophysics and plasma physics, discovering the Biermann battery. He predicted the existence of the solar wind which in 1947 he dubbed \"solar corpuscular radiation\". He was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in the fall of 1961. He won the Bruce Medal in 1967 and the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1974. Asteroid 73640 Biermann is named in his honor. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German physicist (1875–1953)\nLudwig Prandtl (4 February 1875 – 15 August 1953) was a German fluid dynamicist, physicist and aerospace scientist. He was a pioneer in the development of rigorous systematic mathematical analyses which he used for underlying the science of aerodynamics, which have come to form the basis of the applied science of aeronautical engineering. In the 1920s, he developed the mathematical basis for the fundamental principles of subsonic aerodynamics in particular; and in general up to and including transonic velocities. His studies identified the boundary layer, thin-airfoils, and lifting-line theories. The Prandtl number was named after him. Early years. Prandtl was born in Freising, near Munich, on 4 February 1875. His mother suffered from a lengthy illness and, as a result, Ludwig spent more time with his father, a professor of engineering. His father also encouraged him to observe nature and think about his observations. Prandtl entered the Technische Hochschule Munich in 1894 and graduated with a Ph.D. under guidance of Professor August Foeppl in six years. His thesis was \"On Tilting Phenomena, an Example of Unstable Elastic Equilibrium\" (1900),\nAfter university, Prandtl went to work in the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg to improve a suction device for shavings removal in the manufacturing process. While working there, he discovered that the suction tube did not work because the lines of flow separated from the walls of the tube, so the expected pressure rise in the sharply-divergent tube never occurred.",
"This phenomenon had been previously noted by Daniel Bernoulli in a similar hydraulic case. Prandtl recalled that this discovery led to the reasoning behind his boundary-layer approach to resistance in slightly-viscous fluids. Later years. In 1901 Prandtl became a professor of fluid mechanics at the technical school in Hannover, later the Technical University Hannover and then the University of Hannover. It was here that he developed many of his most important theories. On August 8, 1904, he delivered a groundbreaking paper, \"Über Flüssigkeitsbewegung bei sehr kleiner Reibung\" (\"On the Motion of Fluids in Very Little Friction\"), at the Third International Mathematics Congress in Heidelberg. In this paper, he described the boundary layer and its importance for drag and streamlining. The paper also described flow separation as a result of the boundary layer, clearly explaining the concept of stall for the first time. Several of his students made attempts at closed-form solutions, but failed, and in the end the approximation contained in his original paper remains in widespread use. The effect of the paper was so great that Prandtl would succeed Hans Lorenz as director of the Institute for Technical Physics at the University of Göttingen later in the year. In 1907, during his time at Göttingen, Prandtl was tasked with establishing a new facility for model studies of motorized airships called Motorluftschiffmodell-Versuchsanstalt (MVA), later the Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (AVA) in 1919."
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popqa | 941f7ab7-04dc-495f-822b-6fc8f0cc34b0 | What is Władysław Sławny's occupation? | Władysław Sławny | [
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"photographers"
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"Polish photographer\nWładysław Sławny (1907–1991) was a Polish photographer. He grew up in a Jewish family among four other children. At the age of 12, he became interested in photography and constructed his first camera himself. He left school before his high school graduation and went to Paris. There he worked as a press photographer and became associated with the leftist community. His photos were published in \"Vu\" and \"Regards\" magazines.",
"Władysław is a Polish given male name, cognate with Vladislav. The feminine form is Władysława, archaic forms are Włodzisław (male) and Włodzisława (female), and Wladislaw is a variation. These names may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Polish zoologist and collector of natural history\nWładysław Taczanowski (; 17 March 1819, in Jabłonna, Lublin Voivodeship – 17 January 1890, in Warsaw) was a Polish zoologist and collector of natural history who explored the Russian Far East and northern Africa. He specialized mainly in ornithology but also described numerous other taxa including reptiles and arachnids. Life. A member of an old noble (\"szlachta\") magnate family, Taczanowski, from the Poznań region Władysław studied in Lublin and managed the family farm after the death of his father. He then joined government service and served on special missions of the governor of Radom. He joined the Warsaw University Museum in 1855 and began to travel and train at other museums. In 1865 he joined Benedict Dybowski and Victor Godlewski on expeditions to Eastern Russia. In 1862 he succeeded Feliks Paweł Jarocki as curator. Taczanowski took part in an expedition to Algeria with Antoni S. Waga (1866–67) and wrote several significant studies including \"Birds of Poland\" (1882) and \"Ornithology of Peru\" (1884-86). He received collections from Cayenne through Constantin Jelski, from the Upper Nile from Counts Alexander and Constantine Branicki. From 1875 he continued to receive specimens from South America after Jean Stolzmann replaced Jelski. He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Krakow in 1887.",
"Species named after him include Taczanowski's tinamou (\"Nothoprocta taczanowskii)\", the Junin flightless grebe (\"Podiceps taczanowskii)\", the mountain paca (\"Agouti taczanowskii)\", Taczanowski's gudgeon (\"Ladislavia taczanowskii)\", and Taczanowski's dwarf boa (\"Tropidophis taczanowskyi)\". Tribute. The fish \"Ladislavia taczanowskii\" was named for him. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Polish astronomer and mathematician (1878–1962)\nWładysław Dziewulski (2 September 1878 – 6 February 1962) was a Polish astronomer and mathematician. He spent most his life performing astronomical research, and published over 200 papers. Life. He studied mathematics and astronomy in his native Warsaw. Then in 1902 he went to the University of Göttingen in Germany to complete his education. In 1903, he was named as an assistant at the astronomical observatory in Kraków that belonged to the Jagiellonian University and in 1906, he gained his PhD there. In 1919, he became a professor of the Batory University in Vilna and director of its Astronomical Observatory. He was also the rector of Batory University in 1924–25. Later he moved to Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. He spent the last part of his life in Toruń. He focused on the gravitational perturbations of minor planets, movements of stellar groupings, and photographic photometry. The crater Dziewulski on the Moon, the Wladyslaw Dziewulski Planetarium in Toruń, and the main-belt asteroid 319636 Dziewulski are all named in his honor. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | b62518aa-0278-4bbb-823b-bd8c0295b153 | What is Johnson's occupation? | Johnson (composer) | [
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"Indian composer\nThattil Antony Johnson (26 March 1953 – 18 August 2011), popularly known as Johnson Master, was an Indian film score composer and music director who has given music to some of the most important motion pictures of Malayalam cinema, including those for \"Koodevide\", \"Namukku Paarkkan Munthiri Thoppukal\", \"Oru Minnaminunginte Nurunguvettam\", \"Vadakkunokkiyantram\", \"Perumthachan\", \"Njan Gandharvan\", \"Ponthan Mada\", and \"Bhoothakkannadi\". Regarded as one of the finest composers in the industry, he was noted for his lyrical and expressive melodies together with simple but rich tonal compositions of thematic music. Johnson is a recipient of National Film Awards twice and Kerala State Film Awards five times. After completing B. Com from St. Thomas College, Thrissur, Johnson started his career as an assistant to G. Devarajan in the 1970s, and debuted as an independent composer in late seventies with \"Aaravam\". He was a recurrent collaborator for directors Padmarajan, Bharathan, Sathyan Anthikkad, T. V. Chandran, Kamal, Lohithadas, Balachandra Menon and Mohan. He has composed music for more than 300 Malayalam films, the most by any composer except for Devarajan. He was the first music director from Malayalam cinema to be honoured with the National film Awards. He died of a heart attack in Chennai on 18 August 2011.",
"Early life. Johnson was born in Nellikkunnu near Trichur (Thrissur) in the state of Travancore-Cochin (now part of Kerala), on 26 March 1953. His father, the late Thattil Antony, was a bank employee. His secondary education was at St. Thomas School in Thope, Trichur. Johnson was a singer in the choir of Nellikkunnu St. Sebastian's Church. He obtained training in guitar and harmonium from his colleagues during this early periods itself. He used to sing in youth festivals and musical shows and joined the orchestra team of some local troupes and played harmonium in many concerts. He also used to sing in female voice in \"ganamelas\" (a stage show where film songs are sung by local or professional artists). In 1968, Johnson and his friends formed a club named Voice of Thrissur. Johnson was the main instrumentalist in the club where he played wide varieties of instruments – guitar, harmonium, flute, drums and violin. Within a few years, the club became one of the most sought after musical troupes in Kerala, and had more than fifty members. This club used to give accompaniment music to playback singers Jayachandran and Madhuri in their musical shows. It was Jayachandran who introduced Johnson to G. Devarajan, one of the most prolific composers of South Indian cinema then. Devarajan literally adopted Johnson and brought him to Chennai in 1974.",
"Johnson bought an accordion, during this period, from R. K. Shekhar (A. R. Rahman's father), and began assisting Devarajan in filmscoring and composing. Film scoring and soundtracks. Johnson began his independent career by composing the film scores of Bharathan's \"Aaravam\" (1978), \"Thakara\" (1980) and \"Chamaram\" (1980). He composed his first soundtracks for the film \"Inaye Thedi\", debut film of director turned still photographer Antony Eastman and actress Silk Smitha. It was Devarajan himself, who suggested Johnson to the director. Then came Bharathan's \"Parvathi\" and Balachandra Menon's \"Premageethangal\". \"Premageethangal\" was a notable success with four of its songs – \"Swapnam Verumoru Swapnam\", \"Nee Nirayoo Jeevanil\", \"Muthum Mudipponnum\" and \"Kalakalamozhi\" attaining cult status. He came to prominence through his collaboration with Malayalam author and director Padmarajan. \"Koodevide\" was their first venture, which had one of the most famous songs of Johnson \"Aadivaa Kaatte\", a pathbreaking song in Malayalam music history. It was one of the first songs in Malayalam to so many western classical elements. The song was born out of Padmarajan's need for a western song for his innovative film. Song composition took place in Woodland's Hotel, Chennai.",
"Another notable feature of this song was the lyrics by O. N. V. Kurup, who for the first time wrote lyrics for a pre-composed song. Johnson worked for 11 films with Padmarajan, including his last film \"Njan Gandharvan\". This productive collaboration saw the detailed screenplay and cinematography of Padmarajan become a fertile ground for expressive musical narration and thematic scores for Johnson. This is seen in some of the greatest motion pictures of Malayalam cinema, like \"Nombarathipoovu\" (1987). Another notable collaboration of Johnson was with director Sathyan Anthikkad, with whom he associated in almost 25 films. He was able to provide some of his most popular songs with Anthikkad and this combo is widely accepted to be one of the greatest director-composer collaborations in Malayalam cinema. Acclaimed Malayalam director Bharathan also collaborated with him in multiple films including \"Parvathy, Palangal, Ormakkayi, Kattathe Kilikkoodu, Ente Upasana, Oru Minnaminunginte Nurunguvettam, Ozhivukalam, Malootty, Chamayam\" and \"Churam\".",
"His major other collaborations with directors include Mohan (\"Oru Katha Oru Nunakkatha, Sakshyam, Pakshe\" and \"Angane Oru Avadhikkalathu\"), Sibi Malayil (\"Kireedam, Chenkol, Dasaratham\" and \"Nee Varuvolam\"), Sreenivasan (\"Vadakkunokkiyantram\" and \"Chinthavishtayaya Shyamala\"), Lohithadas (\"Bhoothakkannadi\", Kamal (\"Peruvannapurathe Visheshangal, Shubhayathra, Ee Puzhayum Kadannu\" and \"Paavam Paavam Rajakumaran\"), and Balachandra Menon (\"Shesham Kazhchayil, Premageethangal, Kilukilukkam\", \"Kelkatha Shabdam\" and \"Nayam Vyakthamakkunnu\"). He is also noted for his collaboration with the Malayalam lyricist Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri. Their association began in 1989 with Sathyan Anthikkad's social satire \"Varavelpu\". Most of Johnson's notable works were in the late eighties and early nineties. In 1991, he scored a record number of 31 films, including 29 with Kaithapram. Johnson won National awards for two consecutive years. He won his first National Award for best music direction for the motion picture \"Ponthan Mada\" (1993)."
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"doc_chunk": "Indian composer\nThattil Antony Johnson (26 March 1953 – 18 August 2011), popularly known as Johnson Master, was an Indian film score composer and music director who has given music to some of the most important motion pictures of Malayalam cinema, including those for \"Koodevide\", \"Namukku Paarkkan Munthiri Thoppukal\", \"Oru Minnaminunginte Nurunguvettam\", \"Vadakkunokkiyantram\", \"Perumthachan\", \"Njan Gandharvan\", \"Ponthan Mada\", and \"Bhoothakkannadi\". Regarded as one of the finest composers in the industry, he was noted for his lyrical and expressive melodies together with simple but rich tonal compositions of thematic music. Johnson is a recipient of National Film Awards twice and Kerala State Film Awards five times. After completing B. Com from St. Thomas College, Thrissur, Johnson started his career as an assistant to G. Devarajan in the 1970s, and debuted as an independent composer in late seventies with \"Aaravam\". He was a recurrent collaborator for directors Padmarajan, Bharathan, Sathyan Anthikkad, T. V. Chandran, Kamal, Lohithadas, Balachandra Menon and Mohan. He has composed music for more than 300 Malayalam films, the most by any composer except for Devarajan. He was the first music director from Malayalam cinema to be honoured with the National film Awards. He died of a heart attack in Chennai on 18 August 2011.",
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popqa | 4b0ef0af-25f3-464b-a238-80b0f96395d6 | What is Walter Köbel's occupation? | Walter Köbel | [
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"German politician\nDr. Walter Klaus Köbel (20 March 1918 - 10 September 1965) was a German politician. Dr. Köbel was first elected as Mayor of Rüsselsheim in 1954 at the age of 36. In October 1963 he entered Hessian State Parliament, as a member of the SPD, and held these positions until his sudden death on 10 September 1965. Following his death, a newly built sports hall in Rüsselsheim, was named in his honour as the Walter-Köbel-Halle. But it was renamed on 14 March 2013, when due to an historical inquiry, his former involvement in national socialist ideology became generally known. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Jacob Köbel, or Iacobus Kœbelius, (1462 – 31 January 1533) was a printer and publisher in Oppenheim. Köbel was born in Heidelberg in 1462 and graduated in arts and law from Heidelberg University in July 1491. He appears to have then studied mathematics at Kraków, and is said to have been a fellow student of Copernicus there. He learnt the publishing trade as editor and proofreader for Heinrich Knoblochtzer in Heidelberg. On 8 May 1494, he married the daughter of Henrich zum Gelthus and settled there as secretary to the city council. He died on 31 January 1533 in Oppenheim, aged 70-71. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Walter may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Walter Gale may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Soviet spy and defector (1899–1941)\nWalter Germanovich Krivitsky (Ва́льтер Ге́рманович Криви́цкий; June 28, 1899 – February 10, 1941) was a Soviet military intelligence spymaster who defected to the West and revealed plans for the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Early life. Walter Krivitsky was born on June 28, 1899, to Jewish parents as Samuel Ginsberg in Podwołoczyska, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (now Pidvolochysk, Ukraine). He adopted the name \"Krivitsky,\" which was based on the Slavic root for \"crooked, twisted\". It was a revolutionary \"nom de guerre\" when he entered the Cheka, the Bolshevik security and intelligence service. Espionage. Krivitsky operated as an illegal resident spy, with false name and papers, in Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Italy, and Hungary. He rose to the rank of control officer. He is credited with having organised industrial sabotage, stealing plans for submarines and planes, intercepting correspondence between Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, and recruiting many agents, including Magda Lupescu (\"Madame Lepescu\") and Noel Field. In May 1937, Krivitsky was sent to The Hague, Netherlands, to operate as the \"rezident\" (regional control officer), operating under the cover of an antiquarian. There he co-ordinated intelligence operations throughout Western Europe. Defection."
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"doc_chunk": "German politician\nDr. Walter Klaus Köbel (20 March 1918 - 10 September 1965) was a German politician. Dr. Köbel was first elected as Mayor of Rüsselsheim in 1954 at the age of 36. In October 1963 he entered Hessian State Parliament, as a member of the SPD, and held these positions until his sudden death on 10 September 1965. Following his death, a newly built sports hall in Rüsselsheim, was named in his honour as the Walter-Köbel-Halle. But it was renamed on 14 March 2013, when due to an historical inquiry, his former involvement in national socialist ideology became generally known. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 0b334104-8268-40d9-9ad7-05dbbe9bd30a | What is Debbie Johnson's occupation? | Debbie Johnson | [
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"American politician\nDebbie J. Johnson (born October 1, 1957) is an American politician and a former member of the Minnesota Senate who represented District 49, which includes portions of Anoka County in the northern Twin Cities metropolitan area. A Republican, she was first elected to the Senate in 2000, and was re-elected in 2002 and 2006. Prior to the 2002 redistricting, she represented the old District 50. Johnson was a member of the Senate's Capital Investment Committee, the Commerce and Consumer Protection Committee, the Health, Housing and Family Security Committee, and the Taxes Committee. Her special legislative concerns included education, commerce, jobs, transportation, and taxes. On February 13, 2010, Johnson lost her bid for endorsement to challenger Michelle Benson, also of Ham Lake, at the party's senate district convention. She later announced that she would not seek a fourth term. Johnson is the parent of two children. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Debbie (or Debby or Deb) is a feminine given name, commonly but not always short for Deborah (or Debra and related variants). Debbie is a name of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Deborah, which means “bee”. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"American swimmer\nDeborah Elizabeth Meyer (born August 14, 1952), also known by her married name Deborah Weber, is an American former competition swimmer, a 1968 three-time Olympic champion, and a former world record-holder in four freestyle events. Early life. Despite being born in 1952 in Haddonfield, New Jersey, in childhood she moved with her family to warm and sunny Sacramento, California, to recover from asthma. She attended Sacramento's Rio Americano High School, and was trained during her High School years and beyond by Hall of Fame Coach Sherm Chavoor at the Arden Hills Swim Club in Sacramento, as were fellow 1968 U.S. team swimming Olympians Mark Spitz, Mark J. Burton, John Ferris, Sue Peterson, and John Nelson. Chavoor was one of the early coaches to challenge young elite women swimmers with \"overdistance training\", which focused on workouts that gave more total yardage and often featured mid-range and distance intervals to build greater endurance and speed. Chavoor would also serve as Head Coach of the U.S. Women's Olympic swim team in 1968 where he would again coach Meyer, who may have had greater confidence, and focus having Chavoor manage her at the Olympics. 1968 Mexico City Olympics. In 1968, the women's freestyle races at 200-meter and 800-meter distances were added to the Summer Olympics for the first time, giving Meyer, a freestyle specialist, two new events where she could dominate the competition. Prior to 1968, the longest race for women was the 400-meter freestyle.",
"In contrast, the male competitors had had the 1,500-meter freestyle race (the metric mile) for decades, dating back to 1896. Demonstrating unusual dominance in freestyle distance, Meyer set world records in the 200-meter, and 800-meter freestyle swimming events at the 1968 U.S. Olympics trials. As the first woman swimmer to participate in the 800-meter Olympic event, Meyer opened the doors for women to compete in events that had been closed to them and demonstrated that with proper training women could compete at the same distances as the men's teams. Meyer had obstacles to overcome in the 68 Olympics, as she had developed a stomach ailment in Mexico City and had just recovered from a painful bout of bursitis in her left shoulder. Competing as a favorite in all three events, Meyer met and exceeded expectations despite her ailments and took gold in the 200-, 400-, and 800-meter freestyle races becoming the first swimmer to win three individual gold medals in one Olympics. Katie Ledecky is the only other female swimmer to have one all three events in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio. Despite competing at the high altitude of Mexico City, her winning times at the Olympic Games were 2:10.5 for the 200-meter, 4:31.8 for the 400-meter, and 9:24.0 for the 800-meter distances, all of them new or first-time Olympic records.",
"With strong contributions by Meyer, Coach Sherm Chavoor's 1968 U.S. women's Olympic team won ten of a possible fifteen gold medals, eight silver of a possible twelve, and eight bronze of a possible twelve. In total, the U.S. women captured twenty-six medals out of a possible thirty-nine. While overcoming her problems with asthma, Meyer broke 15 world records in swimming during her career. She broke 24 American records and won 19 Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) national championships. Reluctant to continue training for the 1972 Olympics, Meyer retired from competitive swimming in 1970. She would attend UCLA, but not as a swimmer. Coaching and personal. Meyer is married to Bill Weber, and has a daughter, son, and step-daughter. She owns the Debbie Meyer Swim School in Carmichael, California. According to the business website, Meyer has taught swimming in the area around Sacramento, since the 1970s, and she opened her own school in 1993. Along with teaching both children and adults to be safe in the water Meyer is coaching the Truckee Tahoe Swim Team in Truckee, California. As a tribute to her athletic successes, she uses the custom California automobile license plate \"3GOLD68\". Honors. Befitting her many records and achievements in both national and international competition, particularly in the late 1960's, Meyer was the recipient of many honors. In 1968, she won the James E. Sullivan Award, given to the greatest athlete of the year. In 1969, she was named Associated Press Athlete of the Year."
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popqa | 89aeefef-73f0-4da1-88e0-b0e381475595 | What is Kekko Fornarelli's occupation? | Kekko Fornarelli | [
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"Italian jazz pianist and composer\nKekko Fornarelli (born 10 January 1978 in Bari, Italy) is an Italian jazz pianist and composer. Biography. Kekko Fornarelli is a pianist and a composer. He was born in Bari, Italy in 1978. He began learning classical piano at the age of three, first through private tuition and later at the Conservatorio Piccinni in Bari. Fornarelli's interest in jazz music began at the age of 18. From there on, he has immersed himself in jazz, which has led him to travel worldwide. He has recorded four albums, \"Circular Thought\" in 2005, \"A French Man in New York\" (2008), inspired by French pianist Michel Petrucciani in the three years he spent in France. \"Room of mirrors\" was released in 2011 by Auand sound. Alison Bentley writes \"I can't stop listening to the CD: a fusion of Romantic classical music, modern jazz and 21st century dance rhythms, played with Italian brio from the heart.\" His last work, \"Outrush\" was released in 2014. Eric Vloeimans, Flavio Boltro, Rosario Giuliani, Francesco Bearzatti, Benjamin Henocq, Jerome Regard, Manhu Roche, Luca Bulgarelli are only some of the artists he has shared ideas, sounds, life experiences and stages with. The tour that has brought his music to more than 25 countries over the world in the last two years – Russia and all Europe, Asia, Australia – is a huge success everywhere.",
"\"Fornarelli is a skilful instrumentalist with classical roots and a subtle improviser's mind\". Alison Gunn of the Financial Times writes \"A near-perfect balance of tension and freedom. Fornarelli's music has a pared-down yet catchy style that draws on his classical roots, with influences from pop to trip-hop to gospel\"\nPaolo Fresu writes: \"As long as there are musicians as open minded as Kekko Fornarelli, jazz will carry on being the World's music. Kekko’s intimacy is made of rich melodies and chord progressions which evoke some delicate forms of modern jazz, but are translated by that particular touch which makes him one of the most interesting young pianist of the moment.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese manga series\n is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Go Nagai. It was serialized in \"Monthly Shōnen Jump\" from September 1974 to February 1978, with the chapters collected into five \"tankōbon\" volumes by Shueisha. It follows the misadventures of a student named Mayumi Takahashi who attends a boarding school called Sparta Academy that is run by sadistic psychopaths. The teachers are constantly looking for ways to torture or humiliate the female students, and from this the teachers derive sexual satisfaction. Takahashi's only protection is from a mysterious nude female superhero—the titular Kekko Kamen. The manga has spawned an original video animation series and numerous live-action films. In North America, the OVAs were released by ADV Films, while several of the films were published by different distributors. Plot. First-year student Mayumi Takahashi attends a junior high school called , where the penalty for any student (usually girls) making the slightest mistake is being sexually humiliated by the perverted, corrupt and misogynistic teachers running the school, the principal being a demonic, jester-like villain named \"Toenail of Satan\". However, before the teachers can take their sexual advances too far, Kekko Kamen steps in and delivers a sound beating to the teachers, and usually performs a finishing attack by jumping into the air and landing crotch-first onto her opponent's face. A practically nude female superhero dressed only in a red, rabbit-eared mask, with matching gloves, scarf, and boots.",
"She uses her body to distract the usually male enemy teachers that she fights in order to protect Sparta Academy's unfairly punished and harassed students, but, typically, she ends up coming to the defense of Mayumi Takahashi. She fights with a graceful and acrobatic martial arts style, as well as often using weapons to aid her, such as nunchuks and a bo staff. Her finishing move, the , involves her leaping into the air, spreading her legs, and landing groin-first on her typically male opponent's face, which knocks him out. The possibility of an outside intruder is ruled out, and the principal and faculty thus conclude that one of the students is the masked heroine. In the last chapter, it is revealed that Kekko Kamen has six secret identities—the belief that she only had one allowed each of her secret identities to remain uncovered, whilst giving each other alibis. In the end, the six are victorious, and the school is shut down, thanks to their efforts. Voiced by: Emi Shinohara (Japanese); Christine Auten (English)\nPortrayed by: Chris Aoki\nA first year student at the Sparta Academy. Mayumi is an innocent and good-natured girl, but her failure to meet the school's high academic standards often lands her in the school's torture chamber, where she is subjected to humiliating punishments. However, before the teachers are about to completely violate her, Kekko Kamen always bursts in and save the day.",
"Her heroine's constant rescuing of her has filled Mayumi with a deep amount of affection for her, but she is often used by the principal and faculty as bait to lure Kekko Kamen into a trap. Voiced by: Arisa Andō (Japanese); Monica Rial (English)\nPortrayed by: Yumi Goto (1991 Movie), Rie Nakano (1992 Movie), Juri Inahara (2004 Movie)\nThe main antagonist and wicked principal of Sparta Academy, who dresses in a fearsome white demon mask and jester hood. He is extremely perverted and obtains satisfaction from sexually humiliating the bodies of female students, especially that of Mayumi Takahashi. This brings him into conflict with Kekko Kamen, whose secret identity he wishes to uncover, so that he may destroy her. To accomplish this, he exhorts various punishment councillors into publicly humiliate Takahashi, using her as bait to bring the naked warrior of justice out in the open, but she always defeats him. Voiced by: Jōji Yanami (Japanese); Rob Mungle (English)\nPortrayed by: Paul Maki, Hajime Tsukumo\nA perverted, insane, abusive, sadistic, mad scientist teacher who works for Toenail of Satan. He always punishes Mayumi Takahashi for her substandard grades, but is then put in his place by Kekko Kamen. Voiced by: Mitsuaki Hoshino (Japanese); Chris Patton (English)\nA shy, introverted second year student."
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popqa | 08e79974-675c-4ce5-9e1d-952c088522d1 | What is Adil Shamoo's occupation? | Adil Shamoo | [
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"Because he served as chairman on nine international conferences in ethics in research and human research protection, he was asked to testify before a congressional committee and the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. Since 2006, he has served on the Defense Health Board. And from 2006 to 2007,Shamoo was a member of the new Maryland Governor's Higher Education Transition Working Group. He was an invited participant and presenter in the 2007 New Year Renaissance Weekend. Shamoo has held visiting professorships at the Institute for Political Studies in Paris, France and at East Carolina University. Shamoo has been cited and/or appeared frequently in local and national media both print and television. He has published numerous articles and books. Personal. Shamoo currently resides in Columbia, MD with his wife and occasional co-author, Bonnie Bricker; his daughter, and stepdaughter. He has two sons and another stepdaughter who also all reside in the Washington Metropolitan Area. Early life and education. Shamoo was born and raised in Baghdad, Iraq. He is an ethnic Iraqi. He attended the University of Baghdad and graduated with a degree in physics in 1962. In 1966, he earned a Master's of Science in physics from the University of Louisville. Four years later, in 1970, he finished his Ph.D. in the program in Biology at the City University of New York. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Shamoo may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Adil (also transliterated as Adel, ) is an Arabic masculine given name and surname. Adil is a variation of the name Adel, an Arabic male name that comes from the word Adl, meaning \"fairness\" and \"justice\". It is a common name in the Muslim world. It is not to be confused with the Germanic name Adel, which has a different pronunciation. People. Adil and its variants may refer to a number of notable people:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"Albanian politician (1922–1997)\nAdil Çarçani (5 May 1922 – 13 October 1997) was an Albanian politician who served as the 24th Prime Minister of Albania during the Communist era led by Enver Hoxha. He served as the titular head of the Albanian government in the years immediately preceding the fall of Communism. Biography. Çarçani was born on May 5, 1922, in the village of Fushëbardhë, near Gjirokastër. During World War II, he fought for Partisan forces against the Italian fascists, and joined the Communist Party and the government that it set up after the war. He became mining minister in the 1950s, joined the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania in the 1960s, and by 1981 had become First Deputy Prime Minister. On December 18, 1981, immediately after the violent death of Mehmet Shehu, Çarçani became the 24th Prime Minister of Albania. He remained in that position until February 1991, two months after Communism started falling in Albania, when he resigned after mobs tore down the statue of Enver Hoxha, the founder and leader of Communist Albania from 1946 to 1985. Çarçani was, however, elected to parliament that year, and gave the opening speech. Post-1991. On 21 May 1994, Çarçani was tried for and abuse of power, alongside Ramiz Alia. He was tried, found guilty and sentenced to prison. His sentence was commuted to five years of house arrest, however, as he was beginning to suffer from health problems. He died under house arrest in Tirana. References."
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popqa | 2b1cbd52-01d8-4798-aac4-3893c05a368d | What is Patrick Mulvany's occupation? | Patrick Mulvany | [
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"Irish-born American artist\nJohn Mulvany (c. 1839 – 1906) was an Irish born American artist best known as an artist of the American West who painted the first large (11ftx21ft) image of General Custer’s defeat by the Oglala Sioux Indians at Little Big Horn in 1876. Mulvany's painting \"Custer’s Last Rally\", was finished in 1881. In Ireland, he is known for \"The Battle of Aughrim\", painted in 1885 and exhibited in Dublin in 2010. Mulvany also recorded the American Civil War on canvas as well as maintaining a career as a portrait painter throughout his life. Early life and training. Mulvany was born in Diralagh, County Meath, Ireland c. 1839 to tenant farmers, Francis Lee and Thomas Mulvany. When he immigrated to New York City in 1851 at the age of 12, he was old enough to have witnessed and grasped the horrors of the Irish Famine. He worked as a tow boy on the Erie Canal and came to the attention of Professor Juan Wandersford at the National Academy of Design in New York City. In 1859 Mulvany enrolled in classes there. before he went to Washington, D.C. to work for Mathew Brady by 1863. Mulvany never served in the army but may have worked as a sketch artist for a Chicago newspaper.",
"Mulvany's later Civil War paintings were praised for their realism - paintings such as \"Sheridan’s Ride at Winchester\", 1896 \"McPherson and Revenge\", 1889, \"Battle of Shiloh\" and \"The Death of General Mulligan\". Munich training. After the Civil War, Mulvany worked for Samuel B. Fassett, a leading photographer in Chicago. He submitted paintings to exhibitions in New York, Chicago and Philadelphia. Mulvany found a patron in St. Louis, Samuel B. Coale, who provided terms for him to study in Europe where he enrolled in the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Munich. studying with Alexander von Wagner, De Kaiser and Carl Theodor von Piloty, then with Jean-Léon Gérôme in Paris. He also spent time in Antwerp studying Rembrandts. He was a classmate of Walter Shirlaw and Frank Duveneck. Mulvany won a medal for his efforts, and returned to Chicago in the fall of 1871 just before the devastating fire. Career beginnings. Over the next five years Mulvany worked in Eldon, Iowa; St Louis, Missouri; Denver, Colorado; and Louisville, Kentucky, painting portraits and western genre pictures. In 1876 he exhibited \"Preliminary Trial of a Horsethief\" in New York City. The painting, reportedly sold for $5000, won him national recognition and a reputation as a Western painter. Other western-themed works include \"Lynch Law – Comrade’s Appeal\" 1877, \"Scouts of the Yellowstone\", 1877 and \"Back to the Wigwam\" 1881.",
"The painting of \"Preliminary Trial of a Horsethief\" was painted near Oskaloosa, Iowa. The Magistrate in this trial, seated in the center of the picture, is John F. Cartwright (1827–1893), my Second Great Grandfather. The \"Des Moines Register\" published this picture in their Sunday edition in about 1954. Submitted by Harvey C. Mayhill. \"Custer's Last Rally\". In 1876 when news of General George Custer's fatal defeat by the Sioux Indians at the Battle of the Little Big Horn reached the East, Mulvany immediately recognized the significance of this event and headed west to Montana to capture it on canvas. Over the next four years, he made two trips to the battle site and set up a studio in Cincinnati, Salida, Denver and then in Kansas City., Mulvany's large masterpiece, the 11ftx20ft \"Custer’s Last Rally\", 1881, began its seventeen-year coast-to-coast tour of the country before H. J. Heinz took over ownership in 1898. \"Aughrim\". Around 1882, Mulvany secured a commission from the Irish Club of Chicago to paint the Battle of Aughrim – a tragic loss for the Irish in 1691. John began preliminary sketches in Ireland in 1882 and finished the piece in 1885. This painting was presumed lost until it was offered for sale on eBay in 2010 by a dealer who thought it represented an American battle scene, purchased by an Irish art gallery, exhibited in Dublin and subsequently sold. Politics.",
"Mulvany was a lifelong member of the Irish secret society, Clan na Gael, whose aim was Irish independence. He narrowly escaped imprisonment by the authorities while researching uniforms for his \"Aughrim\" painting at the Tower of London just days before it was bombed in the Fenian dynamite campaign in 1885. His involvement in internecine fighting within the Chicago branch in 1886 cost him the Aughrim commission and after his friend, Dr. Patrick Henry Cronin, was murdered in 1889 over financial irregularities with this same branch, Mulvany left Chicago for the west. He married Mrs. Ellen Welch in 1890. and was divorced two years later in CO. He also had a romantic involvement with Lucy Deere, whom he met c. 1880 and contacted before his death in 1906. Mulvany painted in Oregon, San Francisco, Colorado and Kansas City before he finally headed East in 1896. Over his lifetime, he set up studios in 21 different cities, sketching, painting and moving on; often leaving finished works and at least one debt behind. Brooklyn, New York years. In 1897, at the age of 58, Mulvany finally settled in the Williamsburg area of Brooklyn, New York, where he remained the rest of his life. with a studio at 133 Greenpoint Ave. He continued his artistic career painting six known major works, as well as a duplicate of \"Custer’s Last Rally\", seeking exhibition opportunities, painting portraits, and even sketching up until two weeks before his death. Mulvany died by drowning in early May 1906; the press declared it a suicide."
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"doc_chunk": "Irish politician (1871–1951)\nPatrick James Mulvany (2 July 1871 – 16 May 1951) was an Irish politician and farmer. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1923 general election as a Farmers' Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Meath constituency. He did not contest the June 1927 general election. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 0b23b2b2-5736-4599-a0f5-da43bee2461b | What is Gerard Kennedy's occupation? | Gerard Kennedy (actor) | [
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"Australian actor\nGerard Kennedy (born 8 March 1932) is an Australian double Gold Logie award-winning former actor, best known for his roles in early television series, in particular the espionage series including \"Hunter\" and the police procedural \"Division 4\". Kennedy also appeared in film roles during a career that spanned 50 years in the industry. Career. Kennedy played six different characters in guest appearances in Crawford Productions television series \"Homicide\" and in 1967 he shot to fame as the antagonist in Australian television spy drama \"Hunter\", becoming so popular that his character changed sides, eventually becoming the main character after lead actor Tony Ward left the series. Kennedy won a TV Week Logie Award for \"Best New Talent\" for his portrayal of the character. Kennedy followed this with a starring role in police procedural television series, \"Division 4\", winning multiple Logie Awards—including two Gold Logies as most popular personality on Australian TV—for his work in the series. He has consistently acted in Australian television and film productions since that time. Later regular television series roles included \"Tandarra\" in 1976, \"Bellbird\" in 1977, the miniseries \"Against the Wind\" in 1978, \"Skyways\" in 1979–1981, \"Golden Pennies\" in 1985, and \"The Flying Doctors\" between 1986 and 1989 (non-consecutive episodes). Guest TV roles include appearances in \"Carson's Law\", \"Prisoner\", \"A Country Practice\", \"Blue Heelers\", \"City Homicide\", \"The Saddle Club\", and \"Neighbours\".",
"In 2008, he played Graham \"The Munster\" Kinniburgh in \"Underbelly\" and in \"Fat Tony & Co.\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Canadian politician\nGerard Michael Kennedy (born July 24, 1960) is a Canadian politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as Ontario's minister of Education from 2003 to 2006, when he resigned to make an unsuccessful bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada. Kennedy previously ran for the leadership of the Ontario Liberal Party, losing to future premier Dalton McGuinty on the final ballot. He lost the 2013 Ontario Liberal leadership race. While attending the University of Alberta in Edmonton, he became involved in the local food bank, eventually becoming its first executive director in 1983. In 1986, he moved to Toronto to run the Daily Bread Food Bank and did so until he entered politics, in 1996. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as an Ontario Liberal Party Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) in a 1996 by-election to replace former premier Bob Rae in the York South constituency. In the 1999 and 2003 general elections, he was elected to represent the new Parkdale—High Park constituency. He became the province's Minister of Education in 2003, serving in McGuinty's first government. In 2006, he resigned his cabinet post and then his legislative seat to seek the federal Liberal Party's leadership. He finished third in delegate selection meetings, but at the leadership convention, he placed fourth on both the first and second ballot before withdrawing to support the eventual winner, Stéphane Dion. In the 2008 federal election he ran for the Liberal Party of Canada in the Parkdale—High Park electoral district and was elected as its Member of Parliament (MP).",
"He ran for re-election in the 2011 federal election, but lost to former MP, Peggy Nash. Background. Kennedy is one of six children born to Jack and Caroline Kennedy (née Shemanski). Kennedy's father, descendant from Scottish ancestry originating in Cape Breton Island and the Ottawa Valley, ran a gas supply business in The Pas, Manitoba, eventually becoming that town's mayor. His mother's ancestry was Ukrainian, and her family lived in Canada's Prairie region. At age 14, Kennedy moved to Winnipeg to attend St. John's-Ravenscourt School on a hockey scholarship. After high school, he attended Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario, also on a hockey scholarship. When Trent's hockey program was cancelled, Kennedy switched education institutions and attended the University of Alberta to continue his undergraduate studies, but left in his fourth year, without completing his degree. He then worked as a historical researcher for the Government of Alberta in the early 1980s. He began his social activism career when he directed the volunteer program at an Edmonton Food Bank in 1983. After moving to Ontario, Kennedy was the executive director of Toronto's \"Daily Bread Food Bank\" from 1986 to 1996. The food bank distributed $30 million worth of food each year without government funding; 150,000 people are estimated to have used its services every month. Kennedy was named in \"Toronto Life\" Magazine's list of fifty influential people in 1992, and was named newsmaker of the year by the \"Toronto Star\" in 1993. Kennedy was also given an honourable mention in the \"Financial Post Magazine\"'s C.E.O.",
"awards in 1995. Kennedy is married to Jeanette Arsenault-Kennedy, a daycare professional and Acadian (Francophone) from Prince Edward Island. They have two children, daughter Théria and son John-Julien. Provincial politics. York South. Kennedy entered political life in May 1996, running in a by-election for the Ontario legislature in Toronto's York South constituency, which was vacated by former Ontario New Democratic Party (NDP) leader Bob Rae. On May 23, Kennedy was the first candidate not from the NDP or its predecessor, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, to win the seat since 1955. He received 7774 votes; his nearest opponent was the NDP's David Miller, at the time, a Toronto city councillor, who received 6656 votes. Despite being a newcomer to politics, Kennedy became the front-runner to replace Lyn McLeod as leader of the Ontario Liberal Party in late 1996. Although popular on the left-wing, he encountered a strong \"anyone-but-Kennedy\" movement from the party's establishment and right-wing which was divided among several candidates on the leadership convention floor. Kennedy finished first on the first, second, third and fourth ballots, but was defeated on the fifth ballot by Dalton McGuinty. Although McGuinty finished in fourth place on the first ballot, he was able to increase his support in the subsequent ballots, gaining delegates from the candidates that dropped off. The results of the leadership contest did not prove divisive within the party and both rivals eventually became strong allies."
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popqa | 27dd4b34-cfc2-4cfd-97be-1fe008e3cdcc | What is Giora Godik's occupation? | Giora Godik | [
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"Giora Godik (1921–1977) was a Polish-born Jewish Israeli theater producer and impresario, famous for bringing musical comedies to Israel. Called the \"King of musicals,\" the 2007 film documentary, \"Waiting for Godik\", tells the story of his rise and fall from one of the most \"legendary\" theater figures in Israel—someone who \"endeavored...to bring the American dream to Tel Aviv\", to someone destitute, who hit bottom. He \"skyrocketed to the top and plummeted to the lowest depths.\" Success. Musical producer. Godik entered Israeli show business in the mid-1950s as an impresario specializing in the import of foreign entertainers. Among the individual performers brought to Israel was Marlene Dietrich, who told Meyer Weisgal in 1960 that she would like to him to arrange a visit for her to Israel and perform there simply for the cost of her transportation. Weisgal relates that he chose Godik, who was so happy with the idea that he immediately flew to Paris to make the arrangements. Her performance was an outstanding success, with fourteen curtain calls. At the end, she said to the audience, \"We have suffered, you and I, during those terrible years [of the Holocaust]. If there is any consolation or comfort for the incalculable suffering of your people and my people, your warmth and affection has restored in me my faith in humanity. I love you dearly.\" Giora Godik later specialized in \"lavish production of international musicals,\" produced for the Israeli stage.",
"His productions included Hebrew-language versions of musicals including \"My Fair Lady\",(1964), \"The King and I\", \"Man of La Mancha\", and \"Fiddler on the Roof.\" The Hebrew version of \"Fiddler on the Roof\" was so successful that Godik decided to produce a second version, this time in Yiddish, the language in which the original Shalom Aleichem stories upon which the musical was based were written. With this Yiddish production, based on the translation of Shraga Friedman, \"Tevye had come full circle and returned to his mameloshn (\"mother-tongue\").\" The productions mounted by Godik made such an impression of Israeli theater goers that the newspaper \"Ha’aretz\" credited Godik as \"being a primary force in Israel’s emulation of American culture\". After enormous success with his production of \"Fiddler on the Roof\", Godik \"was looking for more musical material,\" but \"After having difficulty finding an American or British musical which would arouse as much interest as \"Fiddler\"\", he decided to stage \"an original Israeli musical,\" and decided on a musical version of the Mossinsohn play, \"Casablan\". That musical, \"Kazablan\", was a tremendous success, with a huge impact in Israel.",
"The musical's huge success made \"young Jerusalem-born singer\" Yehoram Gaon \"not only...an overnight singing star, but also a figure of solidarity and pride for people of Sephardic origin, many of whom were entering a theatre for the first time.\" Gaon later reprised his role in the film version. Godik Theater. Godik founded the \"Godik Theater,\" first to bring singers and performers from outside Israel to produce foreign-made musical plays, and then to work with original productions. \"At its peak,\" the enterprise managed by Godik \"had about 200 employees, and paid very high salaries to dozens of actors, singers, musicians, directors, and dancers.\" Controversy. Beatles historian Yoav Kutner states that a dispute between Godik and music promoter Yaakov Uri was responsible for the cancellation of a planned visit by the Beatles in 1965. Although the claim is sometimes made that the blame for the failed opportunity lies with Israeli authorities who refused to admit the singing group out of fear that they would \"corrupt the youth\" of Israel, Kutner notes that Godik simply preferred to bring singer Cliff Richard, who was then the more famous star. \"When Uri bought the rights to hold the concert two years later, Godik was angry that he blew the opportunity and went to the Knesset’s Finance Committee to persuade them to bar the promoters from taking out foreign currency.\" Because at that time, expenditures of large amounts of foreign currency in Israel required government approval, Godik's pressure on the government made the visit and concert impossible.",
"According to stories that were published in Israel in conjunction with the premiere of \"Waiting for Godik,\" the producer \"never forgave himself for the blunder of his life and decided that no one would benefit from what he had missed: It was a case of either me or no one.\" Collapse. Godik was a legend during his heyday, but his empire collapsed in the early 1970s, bringing an end to the period when musicals seemed to rule Israeli theater. Although after Godik's successes and eventual collapse, \"occasionally the major theaters and some independent producers continued to produce international musical hits such as \"Cabaret\" and \"Les Misérables\", \"musicals were never again considered the forte of the Israeli stage.\" The time following the 1967 Six-Day War was a time of \"stock-market mania and the desire for instant profits,\" and it was this mania that \"infected Godik as well.\" It led him to make \"a series of disastrous decisions,\" including failed attempts to stage musical's including \"The Witch\" and Neil Simon's \"Promises, Promises\", causing him to fall into debt. \"One morning all of Israel - and especially the 200 employees of Godik's theatre - were shocked to hear that the noted producer had fled the country during the night. The theatre closed down at once.\" Godik fled to Germany. \"Utterly destitute, he sold hot-dogs for a living, at the central railway station in Frankfurt. He believed he would soon resume his position as King of Musicals.",
"But Godik stayed far away from the theater, never to return.\" According to the documentary that recorded both his rise and fall, this \"tragic story of the man, who touched the dream and crashed, is also the story of an unforgettable era and the tale of the local version of the musical genre.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 6e1c9f55-c77a-4527-8170-e98a869f0f30 | What is Lillian Lawrence's occupation? | Lillian Lawrence | [
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"American actress (1868–1926)\nLillian Lawrence (February 17, 1868 – May 7, 1926) was an American theatre and silent film actress. Her daughter Ethel Grey Terry was also an actress. Biography. Lawrence was born in either Alexandria, Virginia or Alexander, West Virginia but moved to San Francisco at the age of two. She made her stage debut there as a 13-year-old girl as a chess piece in the operetta \"The Royal Middy\". Following that, she sang opera for the California Theatre for three years. At age 20, she joined a touring company, followed by a role in \"The Two Orphans\". Afterwards, she joined a repertory theatre in Oakland. In 1882 at the age of 14, she gave birth to her daughter Ethel, but Lawrence remained unmarried. In 1892, she moved to New York City and then back to Dayton, Ohio the next year. She then won the lead role in a production of \"The Two Orphans\" with Kate Claxton. Lawrence returned to New York, followed by a position with the National Theatre Stock Company in Washington, D.C., then had Shakespearean roles with Thomas W. Keene. In 1897, she joined the Castle Square Stock Company, another repertory theatre. As stock theatres often put on new plays on a weekly basis, by summer 1897, she had taken on over 300 operatic and 500 dramatic roles over the course of her career. She spent six years with the company and was known as the company's \"Leading Lady\".",
"Her popularity was such that when she temporarily left the group in 1901 on a 16-month sabbatical, she received a rousing ovation and tribute. Lawrence returned to San Francisco in 1904, joining the repertory at the Alcazar Theatre and becoming immediately popular. After a short period in Portland, Oregon, she returned to the East Coast with the Orpheum Dramatic Stock Theatre at the Chestnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia, and the Harry Davis Stock Players at the Grand Theatre in Pittsburgh. She also returned to Boston to play with John Craig Stock Company at the Globe Theatre, Boston, made special appearances with the Castle Square Company, and appeared in Broadway plays as well. She joined Ethel in Los Angeles in 1919 and appeared in both films and theatre while there. Lawrence died of heart disease in 1926 at her daughter's home in Beverly Hills. Her ashes are interred at Hollywood Forever Cemetery. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Lillian or Lilian can refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American physician\nLilian Heath (December 29, 1865 – August 5, 1962) was the first woman physician in the state of Wyoming and one of the first to practice medicine west of the Mississippi River. She is notorious for having used the top of the skull of outlaw Big Nose George Parrott as a doorstop and pen jar. Early life. Heath was born in Burnett, Wisconsin, then known as Burnett Junction on December 29, 1865. Her family moved to Aplington, Iowa, and later to Laramie, Wyoming, before moving to Rawlins, Wyoming, where her father got a job as a locomotive painter for the Union Pacific Railroad. Heath arrived in the Wyoming territory when she was eight years old. She observed the solar eclipse of July 29, 1878, along with scientist Henry Draper and inventor Thomas Edison, who had come to Wyoming to conduct experiments and had stayed in the Rawlins House, where the Heaths were living at the time. Heath graduated from Rawlins High School in 1888. Nursing. In the early 1880s, Heath's father obtained a job for her as an assistant to Thomas Maghee, a physician employed by the Union Pacific Railroad. Heath would wear men's clothing and carried a gun as protection when she went on her house calls at night. She assisted Maghee, helping treat his patients, including one who had attempted suicide by shooting himself in the chin. Maghee and Heath performed an early example of plastic surgery on the man, recreating a nose from a section of his forehead.",
"While assisting Maghee, she learned how to administer anesthesia, which at first consisted of whiskey but was then followed by chloroform and then ether, which to her was harder to use. After the March 22, 1881, lynching of infamous outlaw Big Nose George Parrott for the murder of Robert Widdowfield, Heath was a witness at the autopsy performed by Maghee and was given the skull cap that had been sawed off Parrott's head as a souvenir, while other portions of his body were made into a pair of shoes. She used the skull cap as a doorstop. She kept the skull cap for decades and it was positively identified as an exact match in the 1950s after the remainder of Parrott's body was exhumed and examined. The skull cap was put on display at the Union Pacific Railroad Historical Museum in Council Bluffs, Iowa, while the remainder of the skull is on display at the Carbon County Museum in Rawlins. Medical career. She enrolled in the University of Colorado at Boulder for a year, and then transferred to the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Keokuk, Iowa, where she was one of three women in the entering class of 22 students. Their school year ran from October to March in order to ensure that the cadavers were fresh for students. She graduated from medical school in 1893 at the age of 27 and came back to Rawlins, where she established a medical office in her parents' house at 111 W Cedar Street. One thing Heath noted about her practice was that she received backlash from patients that were women more than from men."
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"doc_chunk": "American actress (1868–1926)\nLillian Lawrence (February 17, 1868 – May 7, 1926) was an American theatre and silent film actress. Her daughter Ethel Grey Terry was also an actress. Biography. Lawrence was born in either Alexandria, Virginia or Alexander, West Virginia but moved to San Francisco at the age of two. She made her stage debut there as a 13-year-old girl as a chess piece in the operetta \"The Royal Middy\". Following that, she sang opera for the California Theatre for three years. At age 20, she joined a touring company, followed by a role in \"The Two Orphans\". Afterwards, she joined a repertory theatre in Oakland. In 1882 at the age of 14, she gave birth to her daughter Ethel, but Lawrence remained unmarried. In 1892, she moved to New York City and then back to Dayton, Ohio the next year. She then won the lead role in a production of \"The Two Orphans\" with Kate Claxton. Lawrence returned to New York, followed by a position with the National Theatre Stock Company in Washington, D.C., then had Shakespearean roles with Thomas W. Keene. In 1897, she joined the Castle Square Stock Company, another repertory theatre. As stock theatres often put on new plays on a weekly basis, by summer 1897, she had taken on over 300 operatic and 500 dramatic roles over the course of her career. She spent six years with the company and was known as the company's \"Leading Lady\".",
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popqa | 8f4c2f14-b410-42f9-9855-843cc57c5771 | What is Philip Rosenberg's occupation? | Philip Rosenberg | [
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"Philip I of Rosenberg (c. 1460 – 4 February 1513 in Udenheim, today's Philippsburg) was Prince-Bishop of Speyer from 1504 until his death. Youth. Philip I of Rosenberg was a member of the Franconian noble \"von Rosenberg\" family. His father was Erasmus of Rosenberg. Erasmus was in the service of the Principality of Ansbach as bailiff of Uffenheim. He was the founder of the von Rosenberg line in Uttenhofen. His mother was Margaret of Helmstatt, a member of the Franconian \"von Helmstatt\" family. Both the von Rosenberg family and the von Helmstatt family belonged to the Odenwald canton of the Franconian circle of Imperial Knights. In 1479, Philip studied in Heidelberg and was canon of Worms. In 1480, he was appointed canon in Speyer. In 1480 and 1481, he continued his studies in Ingolstadt, where he received a doctorate in canon law. In 1490, his uncle Louis of Helmstatt, who was bishop of Speyer, appointed him Vicar general of Speyer. In 1492, he was appointed Provost of the St. German monastery. In 1495, he became Cantor. Bishop of Speyer. Bishop Louis of Helmstatt died on 24 August 1504, and already on 6 September of the same year, Philip was elected as his successor. The Pope confirmed his election on 8 November, and he was consecrated on 9 February 1505.",
"In his retrospective, the 19th century Canon Joseph Sigmund Zimmern described Philip I as \"devout, but with a very weak health\" and continues \"... a learned, but simple and exceedingly frugal man.\" In the 17 missives of his hand that survived, he combats misconduct by the clergy and by lay people. He had the diocesan agenda printed by Peter Drach in Speyer. In 1509 commissioned the \"Mount of Olives\", a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture. It was erected in a cloister on the south side of Speyer Cathedral. The cloister was destroyed in a fire in 1689; the Mount of Olives was damaged, but exists until this day. From 1510 onwards, Philip I sent his Canon Philip II of Flersheim, the future bishop, as his envoy to important meetings, such as the Imperial Diets of 1512 in Trier and Cologne. As Zimmern mentioned, Philip published a diocesan agenda with a pastoral theological chapter. He exhorted the priests in his diocese to adopt the diocesan breviary and to follow the diocesan rites and customs in their liturgy. He ordered the clergy to buy his liturgical books, in particular the breviary he had published in Venice. The memoirs of Albert of Rosenberg from Boxberg relate how in 1507 Philip I mediated in a family dispute between the brothers Frederick and Arnold of Rosenberg about the inheritance of George of Rosenberg. Bishop Philip I of Rosenberg died in 1513 in Udenheim, only 53 years old. He was buried in the cloister of Speyer Cathedral.",
"Coat of arms. Philip's coat of arms is usually quartered. Two fields show the von Rosenberg family crest, alternating red and silver stripes. The other two fields show the arms of the Bishopric of Speyer, a silver cross on a blue background. Footnotes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Rosenberg, Rosenburg or Rozenburg may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title ."
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popqa | 075fcad0-3d05-449c-b372-a07ebbe3d334 | What is Mariana Vicente's occupation? | Mariana Vicente | [
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"Puerto Rican pageant titleholder\nMariana Paola Vicente Morales (born January 8, 1989) is a Puerto Rican actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Puerto Rico 2010 and placed in the Top 10 at the 2010 Miss Universe pageant held in Las Vegas, Nevada. Biography. Vicente is the oldest of four children, Ramón, Claudia Sofia and Sebastián. Her father, Ramón Vicente, is a businessman and her mother, Izayma Morales, works in public relations. She is married to Major League Baseball player Kiké Hernández. Miss Universe Puerto Rico 2010. Vicente represented Rio Grande at the Miss Universe Puerto Rico 2010 pageant, held on November 12, 2009, in San Juan, where she won several awards including: L'Bel Face, JcPenney Best Style, Holsum Light Best Figure and Payless Best Catwalk, gaining the right to represent Puerto Rico in Miss Universe 2010, broadcast live from Las Vegas, Nevada on August 23, 2010, where she placed in the top 10. She was the fourth blonde woman to represent Puerto Rico at Miss Universe after Ada Perkins in 1978, Laurie Simpson in 1987 and Uma Blasini in 2007. She is represented by Element Model Management in Puerto Rico, directed by Ann La Place. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Mariana is a given name (the link includes a list of people of this name). Mariana may also refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Vicente is a Spanish and Portuguese name. Like its French variant, Vincent, it is derived from the Latin name \"Vincentius\" meaning \"conquering\" (from Latin \"vincere\", \"to conquer\"). Vicente may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Puerto Rican activist (1825–1903)\nMariana Bracetti Cuevas (also spelled Bracety) (July 26, 1825 – February 25, 1903) was a patriot and leader of the Puerto Rico independence movement. In 1868, she knitted the \"Grito de Lares\" flag that was intended to be used as the national emblem of Puerto Rico in its first of two attempts to overthrow Spanish rule, and to establish the island as a sovereign republic. As the flag of the \"Grito de Lares\" revolt, Bracetti's creation became known as the \"Bandera del Grito de Lares (Grito de Lares flag)\", most commonly known as the \"Bandera de Lares (Lares flag)\". Today, the flag is the official flag of the municipality of Lares, Puerto Rico. Early years. Bracetti, born in the city of Añasco, Puerto Rico, met and developed a romantic relationship with Miguel Rojas Luzardo, a rich Venezuelan businessman visiting Añasco. Rojas and his brother Manuel owned a coffee plantation called \"El Triunfo\" near Lares. Miguel and Manuel Rojas were admirers of Dr. Ramón Emeterio Betances and were influenced by his ideals of independence for and beyond Puerto Rico. Bracetti married Rojas with whom she had children. The first independence movement flag of Puerto Rico. Bracetti then moved to the hacienda \"El Triunfo\", which was to become the clandestine nucleus of the revolution that would be known as El Grito de Lares.",
"The Rojas' admiration for Betances led them to join him in the conspiracy to rebel against, and gain independence from, Spain. The Rojas brothers became the independence leaders in Lares and their code name was \"Centro Bravo\" (Bravo Center). Manuel Rojas, Bracetti's brother-in-law, was named Commander of the Liberation Army. Mathias Brugman was the independence leader in Mayagüez and his group went by the code name of \"Capa Prieto\" (Dark Cape). Bracetti's nickname was \"Brazo de Oro\" (Golden Arm) and she was appointed the leader of the \"Lares's Revolutionary Council.\" Betances suggested that Bracetti knit the first flag (modeled on the Dominican Republic's flag) of the future \"Republic of Puerto Rico.\" With the materials provided by Eduvigis Beauchamp Sterling, named Treasurer of the revolution by Betances, Bracetti designed and knitted the flag taking into consideration Betances's suggestions. The flag was divided in the middle by a white Latin cross, the two lower corners are red and the two upper corners are blue. A white star was placed in the upper left blue corner. According to Puerto Rican poet Luis Lloréns Torres the white cross on the Revolutionary Flag of Lares stands for the yearning for homeland redemption; the red squares, the blood poured by the heroes of the rebellion and the white star in the blue solitude square, stands for liberty and freedom. El Grito de Lares."
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popqa | d5a55717-ccfd-4ef7-95a5-dc6bf0ad65cf | What is Huntington Wilson's occupation? | Huntington Wilson | [
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"American diplomat (1875–1946)\nFrancis Mairs Huntington Wilson (December 15, 1875-December 31, 1946) was a United States diplomat and author who served as United States Assistant Secretary of State from 1909 to 1913. Biography. Huntington Wilson was born in Chicago, the son of Benjamin Mairs Wilson and Frances (Huntington) Wilson. Wilson was educated at Yale University, receiving an A.B. in 1897. After college, Wilson joined the United States Consular and Diplomatic Service, becoming a Second Secretary at the United States Legation in Tokyo. He was promoted to First Secretary in 1900 and then to \"Chargé d’Affaires\" in 1901. He married Lucy Wortham James in 1904. The couple would divorce in 1915. Wilson returned to the United States in 1906, becoming Third Assistant Secretary of State in Washington, D.C., and the Chairman of the Board of Examiners of the Consular and Diplomatic Service. With the outbreak of the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt named Wilson Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Ottoman Empire. He was also sent on a mission to Argentina. Returning to the U.S. again in 1909, Wilson became the United States Assistant Secretary of State during the Taft administration, which at the time was the second-ranking position in the State Department, after Secretary of State Philander C. Knox. Knox, in addition to being ignorant of foreign affairs, was very lax about his official duties, and Wilson was, in his own words, \"frequently left in charge of the Department for months at a time.\"",
"In this capacity, Wilson was responsible for drawing up and implementing a reorganization of the United States Department of State. Wilson attempted to retire due to factors inside the State Department but was persuaded to remain for another two years. Wilson retired from government service in 1913 and settled in Philadelphia. There, he wrote for the \"Public Ledger\" and the \"Evening Bulletin\". He also began writing books at this time, with his published titles including \"Stultitia\" (1914), \"The Peril of Hifalutin\" (1918), \"Money and the Price Level\" (1932), and \"Memoirs of an Ex-Diplomat\" (1945). He became an hereditary member of the Rhode Island Society of the Cincinnati in 1908. He married his second wife, Lucille O'Hara Powell, in December 1915; they were divorced in 1917. He worked briefly for the National City Bank in New York City, before becoming president of a Waterbury, Connecticut, company that made signaling devices. He then returned to Philadelphia, serving as director of the Philadelphia Commercial Museum from 1928 to 1932. Wilson married his third wife, Hope Butler of New York City, in 1925. Wilson died in New Haven, Connecticut, on December 31, 1946. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Huntington may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Community in Orange County, California, US\nHuntington Harbour is a community of about 3,500 people located in the northwestern section of Huntington Beach in Orange County, California. Huntington Harbour is a residential development of which includes five human-made islands with waterways varying from in depth used for boating. The five human-made islands in Huntington Harbour include: Admiralty, Davenport, Gilbert, Humboldt, and Trinidad. History. Huntington Harbour construction began in 1963 at a cost of $200 million. The harbors and peninsulas are located on the former site of the historic Sunset Bay Estuary wetlands. They were destroyed with dredging and filling to develop the land for the new community. Huntington Harbour is bracketed to the south by the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve and to the north by the Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach. The Huntington Harbour Yacht Club, with membership of about 300 people, was established in 1965. The club offers sailing lessons during the summer for disadvantaged youth. Islands. Admiralty Island: This development contains 90 single-family residences, nearly all with water frontage. Davenport Island: 227 home sites are evenly split between on-water and off-water locations. Gilbert Island: Bounded by Admiralty Island to the west and the Main Channel to the east, it contains 100 home sites, two thirds of which are on-the-water locations. Humboldt Island: Two-thirds of the 335 homes are on-water locations with views of Christiana Bay. Trinidad Island: This is considered the most luxurious of the islands. Arts and culture.",
"There are five \"Mother's beaches\" in Huntington Harbour where local families bring their children to play in the sand and swim in the shallow water by shore. Kayakers and paddle boarders also use these beaches as access points to the harbour as well as swimmers who can enjoy long-distance swims undisturbed by waves and currents. Because of the relative shallowness of Huntington Harbour, when compared to the ocean, the harbor is generally three to four degrees warmer than the ocean in summer and, conversely, three to four degrees cooler in winter. Boat traffic is limited to no wake. The harbour is patrolled by the Orange County Sheriff's Department Huntington Harbour Patrol and Huntington Beach Marine Fire Rescue. During December, a boat parade takes place through the waterways. Also during this time the \"Cruise of Lights\" occurs in which tour boats go around the channels viewing the decorated homes as a fundraiser. Economy. The majority of the homes were originally built in the 1960s to late 1970s and feature three to six bedrooms that range from 2,090 to 6,739 square feet of living space. Although Huntington Harbour is primarily residential, with most homes varying from one to ten million dollars, there is a shopping center on Algonquin Street called the Huntington Harbour Mall. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | f723e4d6-b608-43ec-8f46-b0c6ce85bd15 | What is Bala's occupation? | Bala (director) | [
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"Indian film director and screenwriter\nBala is an Indian film director, screenwriter, and film producer, working in Tamil cinema. Bala has been praised for \"revolutionizing Tamil cinema\" through his realistic, dark and disturbing depiction of the working class on celluloid screen. Shaji N. Karun, who headed the jury of the 56th National Film Awards, said, \"Bala is unique in many ways. The way he changed Tamil cinema's character was commendable ... There were many who tried for a change. Among the new generation of filmmakers, Bala leads the pack in bringing a change in Tamil cinema's outlook and approach.\" Film career. Bala was introduced by lyricist Arivumathi to director Balu Mahendra. Initially, he began working as a production assistant under him. Later Bala turned to work with him as assistant director in his movies. Bala made his directorial debut with \"Sethu\" in 1999, that gave a break to Vikram, the film's lead actor, who was also struggling in the Tamil film industry for almost a decade without a hit and recognition. More than 60 distributors saw the film and hesitated to screen it because of its tragic ending. The film was released on a low profile without any advertisement but after the first days the film started running to packed houses just through 'word of mouth'. The film was said to have initiated a 'new wave' as it received critical acclaim and became a hit. Its success led to remakes in Kannada (\"Huchcha\"), Telugu (\"Seshu\"), and Hindi (\"Tere Naam\") languages.",
"He next made \"Nandha\" in 2001, which gave a breakthrough for Suriya in the industry. In 2009, \"Naan Kadavul\" featuring Arya and Pooja Umashankar, won its first National Film Award for Best Direction. In 2011, Arya and Vishal playing the lead roles in the comedy drama \"Avan Ivan\". Produced by Bala himself under the banner of B Studios, \"Paradesi\" (2013), takes on the challenge of transforming the boy-next-door looks of Atharvaa into an almost bald, unsophisticated village simpleton of a bygone era. After working with Ilaiyaraaja and Yuvan Shankar Raja in his earlier films, director Bala for the first time teams up with G. V. Prakash Kumar for the music of \"Paradesi\". In 2016, overall the performances in \"Tharai Thappattai\" are of superior quality and so is the technical aspects. In 2018, \"Naachiyaar\" stars Jyothika in the titular role, while G. V. Prakash Kumar and newcomer Ivana play important supporting characters in this engaging crime thriller. In 2020, the romantic drama \"Varmaa\" was disappointed with critics. Dispute. Bala was chosen as the director of \"Varmaa\", the Tamil remake of \"Arjun Reddy\", for which the rights were bought by E4 Entertainment. Principal photography was wrapped up in September 2018.",
"On 7 February 2019, E4 Entertainment issued a press statement stating that they would go for a complete re-shoot as they were not satisfied with the final cut provided by Bala. They added that the film would be relaunched with a completely new cast and crew while retaining lead actor Dhruv. Bala disagreed with these comments, saying it was his own decision to quit the film \"in order to safeguard creative freedom\" because he was asked to make changes. This became the first such incident in Tamil cinema that the producer of the film refused to release the film due to unsatisfactory final cut despite the completion of the film. Personal life. Bala was born and brought up in Madurai. His father worked in a bank in Madurai and his mother was a homemaker. Bala completed his graduation from American College with an aim to dive into the Tamil film industry. Bala married Muthumalar in 2004 and has a daughter. Bala and Muthumalar divorced in 2022, after 18 years of marriage. Filmography. As producer. This is a list of films that he produced but did not direct. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Bala Bala Sese is a Ugandan film directed by Lukyamuzi Bashir based upon a screenplay by Usama Mukwaya, starring Michael Kasaija, Natasha Sinayobye, Raymond Rushabiro, Ismael Ssesanga, Fiona Birungi, Ashraf Ssemwogerere and Ddungu Jabal. It's the director's, writer's and producers' debut feature film. Plot. A boyfriend's battle for love through perseverance. In the outskirts of Sese Island, John (Michael Kasaija) is madly in love with Maggie and both are willing to take their love forward. Facing abuses and harassment by malicious Maggie’s father Kasirivu (Raymond Rushabiro), John, helped by his young brother Alex (Ssesanga Ismael) is determined to take in all but to retain the love of his life especially when he finds out that he has a contender village tycoon (Jabal Dungu) who is also lining up for Maggie (Natasha Sinayobye). Cast. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nProduction. Filming. Principal photography on \"Bala Bala Sese\" began late 2012 and wrapped 2014. The movie was filmed on the Ssese Islands in Uganda, from which it takes its name. Release. The film was released on 3 July 2015 at theatre Labonita.",
"Bala Bala Sese is rather the very first Ugandan project to receive a professional marketing approach and one of the top local productions of that year and the following year. It was nominated in the 12th Africa Movie Academy Awards for Best Film in an African Language. It held its African premiere at the Luxor African Film Festival in Egypt and competed in the long Narrative category among 13 other African films. It was the opening film at the 10 Amakula International Film Festival and automatically qualified for the Golden Impala Award in the best African film which was won by \"De Noir\". Music and soundtrack. The soundtrack album for Bala Bala Sese was composed by Nessim (music producer) with the official theme song Wuuyo recorded by A Pass and Nessim again of Badi Musik. The song became the singer's most successful single to date. The official video of the song premiered on 20 March 2015 at Club Guvnor and features clips from the movie. Awards. Nominated. The motion picture has also been named as one of the best films of 2015 and 2016 by various ongoing critics. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | d2e16cd5-565e-443a-b0a1-4a830d981bce | What is Steve Tom's occupation? | Steve Tom | [
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"American actor\nStephen Wilson Tom (born September 20, 1953) is an American actor best known for hosting the HBO comedy series \"Funny or Die Presents\". Career. He has guest-starred in a number of television series including \"Parks and Recreation, Major Crimes\", \"Modern Family\", \"How I Met Your Mother\", \"Drake & Josh\", \"ER\", \"NYPD Blue\", \"Sleeper Cell\", \"Two and a Half Men\", \"The King of Queens\", \"Prison Break\", \"The West Wing\", \"The Spoils of Babylon\", \"The Spoils Before Dying\", among other television series. For two seasons, he was the critically acclaimed host of the HBO comedy series \"Funny or Die Presents\". He also appeared in the feature films \"Dumb and Dumber To\", \"The Campaign\", \"The Guilt Trip\", \"Seven Pounds\", \"First Daughter\", \"Disney's The Kid\", \"Pulse\", \"Rendition\" and \"\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Tom tom or TomTom may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Steve is a masculine given name, usually a short form (hypocorism) of Steven or Stephen. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Atmospheric optical phenomenon, which appears as a light ribbon in the sky\nSTEVE (acronym for Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement) is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that appears as a purple and green light ribbon in the night sky, named in late 2016 by aurora watchers from Alberta, Canada. According to analysis of satellite data from the European Space Agency's Swarm mission, the phenomenon is caused by a wide ribbon of hot plasma at an altitude of , with a temperature of and flowing at a speed of (compared to outside the ribbon). The phenomenon is not rare, but had not been investigated and described scientifically prior to that time. Discovery and naming. The STEVE phenomenon has been observed by auroral photographers for decades. Some evidence suggests that STEVE observations may have been recorded as early as 1705. Notations resembling the phenomenon exist in some observations from 1911 to the 1950s by Carl Størmer. The first accurate determination of the nature of the phenomenon was not made, however, until after members of a Facebook group, Alberta Aurora Chasers, named it, attributed it to a proton aurora, and began calling it a \"proton arc\". When physics professor Eric Donovan from the University of Calgary saw their photographs and suspected that their determination was incorrect because proton auroras are not visible, he correlated the time and location of the phenomenon with Swarm satellite data and one of the Alberta Aurora Chaser photographers, Song Despins. She provided GPS coordinates from Vimy, Alberta, that helped Donovan link the data to identify the phenomenon.",
"One of the aurora watchers, photographer Chris Ratzlaff, suggested using the name \"Steve\" for the phenomenon, in reference to \"Over the Hedge\", an animated comedy movie from 2006. The characters in the movie give the name to a hedge that appears overnight, in order to make it seem more benign. Reports of the heretofore undescribed and unusual \"aurora\" went viral as an example of citizen science on Aurorasaurus. During the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in December 2016, Robert Lysak suggested using a backronym of \"Steve\" for the phenomenon that would stand for a \"Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement\". That acronym, \"STEVE\", has been adopted by the team at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center that is studying the phenomenon. Occurrence and cause. Location and timing. STEVE phenomena may be spotted further from the poles than the aurora, and as of March 2018, have been observed in the United Kingdom, Canada, Alaska, northern U.S. states, Australia, and New Zealand. The phenomenon appears as a very narrow arc extending for hundreds or thousands of kilometers, aligned east–west. It generally lasts for twenty minutes to an hour. As of March 2018, STEVE phenomena have only been spotted in the presence of an aurora. None were observed from October 2016 to February 2017, or from October 2017 to February 2018, leading NASA to believe that STEVE phenomena may only appear during certain seasons. Research into cause."
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popqa | 38cbff2d-02dc-4190-b053-d00e63654a23 | What is Ilja Rosendahl's occupation? | Ilja Rosendahl | [
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"Ilja Rosendahl (born 23 February 1968) is a German film and music producer, director, screenwriter, actor, songwriter, musician (vocals, guitars, bass) and voiceover artist. Biography. Artistic career. Rosendahl was born in Bochum. He played in theater projects and sang in a rock band during high school. Since 1997 he has starred in feature films and TV series aired in the United States, Europe and Latin America. In 2001 he started the American Electronic Alternative Rock solo music project Latent Anxiety in Los Angeles, California which has released 7 studio albums and garnered several awards. He also contributed vocals and guitars to the 2010 \"Mortal Loom\" album \"This Vastness\". In 2021 he gave his debut as director and screenwriter of the short film \"Remaining Chance\". Academic background. Rosendahl holds a PhD and BSc in Natural Science with specialization in Radiation Biophysics, Cytology and Genetics and speaks 7 languages (German, English, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, French, Russian).<ref name=\"The Smithsonian/NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstract 1\"></ref><ref name=\"The Smithsonian/NASA Astrophysics Data System Abstarct 2\"></ref>\nDiscography. Audiobooks. <ref name=\"Audible/Amazon\"></ref>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ilja is a given name and surname. The given name is cognate to Ilya. Notable people with the given name include:\nNotable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Rosendahl is a municipality in the district of Coesfeld in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located approximately north-west of Coesfeld. In this municipality is located the Castle of Darfeld, internationally famous for having been the residence of Mary of the Divine Heart (1863–1899), the Countess Droste zu Vischering who became Sister of the Good Shepherd and received several revelations from God. She is best known for influencing Pope Leo XIII to consecrate the world to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Dutch jazz trombonist, composer, and educator\nIlja Reijngoud (born 5 July 1972) is a Dutch jazz trombonist, composer, arranger and educator who has played with many renowned artists. He won the Thelonious Monk Award in 2003. Biography. Ilja Reijngoud was born in Leiden in the Netherlands in 1972. He studied at the Hilversum Conservatory, graduating cum laude in 1996, and continued to teach trombone at the conservatory after graduating. In 1998 he founded the jazz trombone department at the Rotterdam Conservatory (Codarts) with his former teacher Bart van Lier. He conducts the Codarts Big Band, including an annual performance at the North Sea Jazz Festival with various international guests. He is also the main trombone teacher at the Utrechts Conservatorium and guest teacher at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague. He has taught clinics and workshops in Europe and the United States. Discography. Recordings as a leader:\nRecordings as a performer include:\nAs a writer or arranger:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German actor\nIlja Richter (born 24 November 1952 in East Berlin) is a German actor. Life. Ilja Richter was born to parents Georg and Eva Richter. Georg was a Communist, who named Ilja after the Russian journalist Ilya Ehrenburg, and Eva was a Jew who survived the Third Reich under a fake Aryan identity. Georg spent nine and a half years in concentration camps during the Third Reich. After the family was in political difficulties in East Germany, they moved to West Berlin in 1953. There, the Richters leased a restaurant. In 1955, Ilja's sister Janina was born, and in 1959 they moved to Cologne. There, too, the Richters ran a restaurant, but moved back in 1960 to West Berlin, where they opened a guesthouse. Eva, a former actress, brought Ilja to the Sender Freies Berlin (Radio Free Berlin) for an audition. Ilja's acting career began at the age of nine. As a teenager he starred in the series \"Till, the Boy Next Door\" as Albert. In the 1970s, Richter became famous in West-Germany as television presenter of \"Disco\", a music show filmed before a young live audience in which he also performed in sketches. As an actor, he played several roles in films and in theatre. He starred in several comedy movies alongside Rudi Carrell. As a voice actor, his most prominent role was lending his colourful, peppy voice to Timon from The Lion King."
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popqa | a93e7f40-30ad-45f7-a3cd-19ee5d5dc492 | What is Thanasis Pafilis's occupation? | Thanasis Pafilis | [
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"Greek politician (born 1954)\nAthanasios Pafilis (Greek: Αθανάσιος Παφίλης) (born 8 November 1954) is a Greek communist politician, member of the Hellenic Parliament and member of the central committee of the Communist Party of Greece. He is also the General Secretary of the World Peace Council and was briefly also a Member of the European Parliament (MEP). Biography. Pafilis was born on 8 November 1954 in the village of Pitsio of Phtiotida. He grew up in a left-wing family and his father was a member of ELAS and participated in the Greek resistance during the Axis occupation of Greece, and in the Civil War as a member of the Democratic Army. About five people of his family were killed in the civil war. When he was 12 he left his village and moved to Athens where he worked in a Construction site. He was a supporter of the Greek Communist Party from his childhood. He is a law graduate from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Political career. He joined the Communist Youth of Greece during the Greek Dictatorship and witnessed the Polytechnic uprising. He was elected to the Greek Parliament in June 1989 with Synaspismos for Phthiotida, and re-elected in November 1989 and April 1990. On 16 July 1991, he switched affiliation and joined the Communist Party of Greece (KKE). He is a member of the Central Committee of KKE since 1991 and General Secretary of EEDYE, the Greek branch of the World Peace Council. Between 2002 and 2004 he was a local councillor of the Athens Prefecture.",
"He was elected Member of the European Parliament for Greece in 2004 with KKE, and sat with the European United Left–Nordic Green Left. He was re-elected to the European Parliament in July 2009, but resigned on 13 October 2009 after being elected to the Greek Parliament with KKE, and he has since been a member of the Hellenic Parliament. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Thanasis (Θανάσης) is a Greek given name, short for Athanasios (Αθανάσιος), which can mean \"eternal life\" or \"immortal\". Notable people with the name Thanasis or Thanassis include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Greek linguist\nThanasis Costakis (, 1907–2009) was a Greek linguist and lexicographer best known for his work on the critically endangered Tsakonian language spoken in the eastern Peloponnese. Costakis was born in Pera Melana in Arcadia, a Tsakonian-speaking village. Costakis taught at several gymnasia and lycea in Athens before affiliating with the Academy of Athens, where he contributed to the composition of the Historical Lexicon of Modern Greek. In addition to his linguistic works, he also published a volume on the traditional architecture of Tsakonia. Costakis also developed a writing system for the Tsakonian language, which included orthography using dots, \"spiritus asper\", and caron for use in his works, which has been used in his grammar and local editions of dialectical texts. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Thanasis Vagias (; ; 1765–1834) was a Greek counselor and confidant of Ali Pasha, the Muslim Albanian ruler of Ottoman Epirus. Biography. Thanasis Vagias was born in Lekël, Tepelenë. He was the older brother of Loukas Vagias. His name had become notorious because, under Ali's service, he led an attack against the village of Kardhiq, near Gjirokaster, modern southern Albania. As a result of this operation, hundreds of men, women and children were killed. When the Greek War of Independence ended, Vagias moved to the newly founded Greek state and was given a government post and later acquired a pension, by the head of state of Greece, Ioannis Kapodistrias. As a native of Epirus, Vagias proposed to Kapodistrias that Epirus should become part of Greece, but his plan was not accepted due to the difficult conditions the Greek revolution faced that time. Legacy. According to various authors, Vagias was wrongly regarded as a traitor of the Greek cause by various historians and authors of that period, like Ioannis Makrygiannis, Aristotelis Valaoritis, and Alexandre Dumas, père. Valaoritis's masterpiece was titled \"Thanasis Vagias\" after him. In this work, Vagias is presented as a traitor, who after his death returns to his home place as a vampire."
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popqa | af740e63-89a7-42e0-8590-798437f7490d | What is Christopher Butson's occupation? | Christopher Butson (priest) | [
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"Irish Dean\nThe Ven. Christopher Henry Gould Butson (19 April 1817 – 13 June 1892) was an Irish Anglican priest. Butson was born in Dublin, the son of an Archdeacon of Clonfert, The Ven. James Strange Butson; and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was the Rector of Clontarf; himself Archdeacon of Clonfert from 1855 to 1874; and then the Dean of Kilmacduagh from 1874 until his death on 13 June 1892. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Irish bishop\nChristopher Butson was a Church of Ireland bishop in the first half of the 19th century. Born in England in 1747, he was educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford. He was nominated Dean of Waterford on 2 April and installed there on 12 May 1784. He also became Chancellor of Ferns and Leighlin on 12 March 1802. He was nominated Bishop of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh on 5 May and consecrated on 29 July 1804. Under the Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 37), the sees of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh were united to those of Killaloe and Kilfenora on 29 January 1834, with Butson becoming Bishop of Killaloe and Clonfert of the new united diocese. He died in office on 22 March 1836. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Butson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Christopher Priest may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"New Zealand para-alpine skier\nMatthew Butson is a Paralympic medalist from New Zealand who competed in alpine skiing. He competed in the 1998 Winter Paralympics where he won three gold medals in Giant Slalom, Slalom and Super G, and a silver in Downhill. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | c36868e1-21bd-435d-a51b-e5c0f6b86306 | What is Hate Man's occupation? | Hate Man | [
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"American philosopher\nThe Hate Man (born Mark Hawthorne, September 26, 1936 – April 2, 2017) was an American philosopher, activist, and former reporter for \"The New York Times\". His beliefs centered on people being honest about their negative feelings. He was locally famous in Berkeley, California, where he lived since 1973. In the late 1970s he was a regular presence in upper Sproul Plaza on the University of California, Berkeley campus, and often gave speeches in Ludwig's Fountain. In addition to being known as \"Hate Man\", he was also called \"Berkeley Baby\". Career. Hawthorne was born in Maryland, raised in Stamford, Connecticut and graduated from Stamford High School in 1954 and from the University of Connecticut in 1958 with a Bachelor of Arts in English. While at UCONN he was Managing Editor of The Daily Campus, the University newspaper. Hawthorne was also a member of ROTC and received his commission in the United States Air Force upon graduation, subsequently serving at a Strategic Air Command base in Morocco. He also served as a Peace Corps volunteer. He started at \"The New York Times\" as a copy boy and worked as a reporter in the Metro section from 1961 to 1970 before he quit his job, divorced his wife, and \"started being downward mobile\". Philosophy. Hawthorne created a philosophy he called oppositionality, which is centered on treating people kindly even though one is in a bad mood. The reason he greeted people with, \"I hate you,\" he explained, is because saying \"I love you\" is too often used as a form of manipulation. He created his own following.",
"The group has a practice, initiated by Hawthorne, of pushing one another for what they want. Hawthorne indicated that this is about feeling out the other person's energy and communicating something to the other person about \"where they are coming from\". The idea is to avoid negative conflict by bringing such differences out in the open, rather than creating situations where people rob or con one another for what they want. For a couple of years, he initiated a nightly \"hate camp\" drum circle at Sproul Plaza, where local people released their animosity. \"Hate camp\" was known as the camp that formed around him. Camping there made you a \"hate camper\", with a \"true hate camper\" being someone who believed in the camp and took an active role in helping the community it created. A documentary about his life and philosophy entitled \"The Hate Man, Street Philosopher\" was released in August 2017. Personal life. Hawthorne was married, but later divorced. He was homeless by choice. He died on April 2, 2017, at the age of 80. He also had two daughters. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"1967 film\nHate for Hate () is a 1967 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Domenico Paolella. Plot. Digger Manuel has found enough gold to quit working. He is about to retire when robbers steal his fortune from him at the bank. Manuel pursues the bank robbers immediately, determined to get his gold back by all means. Unfortunately he is a little later confused with them and put into prison. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"\"Man I Hate Your Band\" was the fourth single to be released by Little Man Tate. It was released on 13 November 2006, following the band's lengthy UK tour and also dates in USA and Japan. It charted at number 26 in the UK Singles Chart on 19 November 2006. The song's title is a parody of the line 'Dude, I love your band' from the D12 song, \"My Band\". Track listings. CD\n7\" yellow vinyl\n7\" white vinyl\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Man You Love to Hate – Live is a live album by the Irish-English alternative rock band My Bloody Valentine. It was released in 1985 on Schuldige Scheitel Productions. The album was recorded on 9 March 1985 at Sputnik-Kino in West Berlin, Germany, as part of the Amigo Records Die Kwahl music festival, and later mixed at Sulo-Studios. The record date is incorrectly credited as \"9.2.85\" on the cover. The album features the band's original line-up, material from their debut mini album \"This Is Your Bloody Valentine\" (1985) and four unreleased songs (\"Scavengers\", \"The Devil Made Me Do It\", \"The Man You Love to Hate\", and \"A Town Called Bastard\") never known to have been recorded in-studio. Only a few hundred cassette copies of \"Man You Love to Hate – Live\" were pressed and some copies included a plastic sleeve cover with several inlays and promotional inserts. The album went out of print prior to My Bloody Valentine's underground success with their two original studio albums, \"Isn't Anything\" (1988) and \"Loveless\" (1991). Parergon Records were due to re-release a remastered version of the album on CD in 2003, but it was not released until 2007. Personnel. My Bloody Valentine\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | c9d7b764-40e1-4090-a025-b06c50f1d6a0 | What is Rich Brightman's occupation? | Rich Brightman | [
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"American Singer-songwriter\nRich Brightman (born April 17, 1990) is an American singer-songwriter. Early life. He was born in Bay Shore, New York and raised on Long Island. Rich started writing songs on guitar in his childhood bedroom on Long Island before after dropping on music theory classes at Bay Shore High School and started to learn audio and mix engineering the school's recording studio during study hall, lunch, and his after school hours. Rich's mother, Sherry Brightman, gifted him a MacBook Pro for his high school graduation. Career. Rich saved his high school graduation money along with his summer job earnings to buy studio equipment of his own to start work on his debut self-titled album. Rich released his first single \"Lighter Than Air\" on August 7, 2009 later releasing his first full self-titled album \"Rich Brightman\" on July 23, 2010. Rich attended Salve Regina University while writing his second album \"II\" released November 29, 2013 featuring rock alternative/pop tracks. During 2014–2016 Rich worked on his third release \"III\" which was released on Christmas Eve 2016\nDiscography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Brightman may refer to:\nOther. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"British barrister and judge\nJohn Anson Brightman, Baron Brightman, PC (20 June 1911 – 6 February 2006) was a British barrister and judge who served as a law lord between 1982 and 1988. Early life and career. Brightman was born in Sandridge, Hertfordshire, the son of William Henry Brightman, a solicitor, and of Minnie Boston Brightman, \"née\" Way. He was educated at Doon House School in Kent, Marlborough College, and St John's College, Cambridge, where he read law. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1932. He then joined the chambers of Fergus Morton, later a law lord, and practised at the Chancery bar. During World War II, he volunteered as an able seaman in the Merchant Navy from 1939 to 1940, then was commissioned into the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, serving on convoy in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. In 1944, he attended the Royal Naval staff course at Greenwich, and was promoted to lieutenant commander to become assistant naval attaché in Ankara. He returned to the bar in 1946, mainly practising trusts and taxation law, and took silk in 1961. He was appointed Attorney General of the Duchy of Lancaster, but relinquished the post on his appointment to the bench in 1970. While at the bar, Brightman was pupil master to Margaret Thatcher, who was his first female pupil. Judicial career. Brightman was appointed a High Court judge in 1970 and assigned to the Chancery Division, receiving the customary knighthood.",
"In 1971, he joined John Donaldson, Baron Donaldson and Lord Thomson as the three judges of the National Industrial Relations Court (NIRC), set up by the government of Edward Heath to reign in the power of the trades unions. In 1972, he decided that Bobby Moore and Geoff Hurst need not pay income tax on bonuses and cash gifts received following the victory of the England football team in the 1966 World Cup. In 1974, while still a High Court judge, he refused Anton Piller KG the court order that it requested to search the premises of a defendant to prevent the defendant from destroying potential evidence. He was overruled by Lord Denning's Court of Appeal, giving rise to the Anton Piller order that remains in use today. Like his colleague on the NIRC, John Donaldson, Brightman had to wait until shortly after Thatcher won the 1979 general election in 1979 to be appointed as Lord Justice of Appeal. Brightman became a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary and life peer, sitting in the House of Lords as Baron Brightman, \"of Ibthorpe in the County of Hampshire\", from 12 March 1982, the same year that Donaldson was promoted to become Master of the Rolls. One of Brightman's first judgments, in 1983, was to decide that Ann Mallalieu (later Baroness Mallalieu) was not entitled to a tax deduction for the cost of her court dress.",
"He also ruled against the taxpayer in the case of \"Furniss v. Dawson\"; upheld the manslaughter verdict in \"R v Hancock and Shankland\", the case of a taxi driver killed during the 1984 miners' strike, modifying the test of intent required for a conviction of murder; and joined the majority judgment that refused to grant the government an order banning on newspaper articles about \"Spycatcher\" in 1988. Personal life. He married Roxane Ambatielo in 1945 and they had one son."
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popqa | 8adda8ac-2a34-457c-8f8d-df128285da7b | What is Edward Norton's occupation? | Edward Norton (MP) | [
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"British politician\nEdward Norton (11 March 1750 – March 1786) was a British lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1782 to 1786. Norton was the fourth son of Fletcher Norton, and his wife Grace Chapple, daughter of Sir William Chapple, and was born on 11 March 1750. He matriculated at University College, Oxford in 1766. He was admitted at Middle Temple in 1772 and was called to the bar in 1775. Norton was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Haslemere on Sir James Lowther's interest at the 1780 general election. At the 1784 general election he was returned unopposed for Carlisle, again on Lowther's interest. He voted but did not speak in Parliament. Norton died unmarried in March 1786. It was said he was exhausted after acting as chief agent for Lowther at the Lancaster by-election. He had brothers William, Chapple and Fletcher who were also Members of Parliament. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American actor (born 1969)\nEdward Harrison Norton (born August 18, 1969) is an American actor and producer. After graduating from Yale College in 1991 with a degree in history, he worked for a few months in Japan before moving to Manhattan to pursue an acting career. He gained recognition and critical acclaim for his debut in \"Primal Fear\" (1996), which earned him a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination in the same category. His role as a redeemed neo-Nazi in \"American History X\" (1998) earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. He also starred in the film \"Fight Club\" (1999), which garnered a cult following. Norton established the production company Class 5 Films in 2003, and was director or producer of the films \"Keeping the Faith\" (2000), \"Down in the Valley\" (2005), and \"The Painted Veil\" (2006). He continued to receive praise for his acting roles in films such as \"The Score\" (2001), \"25th Hour\" (2002), \"The Italian Job\" (2003), \"The Illusionist\" (2006), \"Moonrise Kingdom\" (2012), and \"The Grand Budapest Hotel\" (2014). His biggest commercial successes have been \"Red Dragon\" (2002), \"Kingdom of Heaven\" (2005), \"The Incredible Hulk\" (2008), and \"The Bourne Legacy\" (2012). For his role in the black comedy \"Birdman\" (2014), Norton earned another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor.",
"He has since directed and acted in the crime film \"Motherless Brooklyn\" (2019), and starred in \"\" (2022). Norton is an environmental activist and social entrepreneur. He is a trustee of Enterprise Community Partners, a non-profit organization that advocates for affordable housing, and serves as president of the American branch of the Maasai Wilderness Conservation Trust. He is also the UN Goodwill Ambassador for Biodiversity. Early life. Edward Harrison Norton was born into a progressive Episcopal family in Boston, Massachusetts, on August 18, 1969. He is descended from John Norton, a British architect of the Victorian Gothic revival style. He was raised in Columbia, Maryland. His father, Edward Mower Norton Jr., served in Vietnam as a Marine lieutenant before becoming an environmental lawyer and conservation advocate working in Asia and a federal prosecutor in the Carter administration. His mother, Lydia Robinson \"Robin\" Rouse, was an English teacher who died of a brain tumor in 1997. Norton's maternal grandfather, James Rouse, was the founder of The Rouse Company and co-founder of the real estate corporation Enterprise Community Partners. He has two younger siblings, Molly and James. At age five, Norton and his parents saw a musical related to \"Cinderella\" at the Columbia Center for Theatrical Arts (CCTA), starring his babysitter, which ignited his interest in the theater. He enjoyed watching films with his father as a pre-teen, but later reflected that he was fascinated with the cinematography rather than the acting. Norton recalled that it was theater and not films that inspired him to act.",
"He made his professional debut at the age of eight in the musical \"Annie Get Your Gun\" at his hometown's Toby's Dinner Theatre. At the CCTA, he acted in several theatrical productions directed by Toby Orenstein. In 1984, Norton won the acting cup at Pasquaney, an annual summer camp for boys in Hebron, New Hampshire, where he later returned as a theater director. He subsequently immersed himself in films, naming Dustin Hoffman and Robert De Niro as two of his early inspirations because \"the ones [he] liked were also the ones who made [him] think [he] could do it because they weren't the most handsome guys\". He graduated from Wilde Lake High School in 1987. He attended Yale College, where he earned a BA in History. While there, he also studied Japanese, acted in university productions, and was a competitive rower. After graduating from Yale in 1991, conversant in Japanese, Norton worked not-for-profit as a representative for his grandfather's company, Enterprise Community Partners, in Osaka, Japan. Career. 1991–1994: Career beginnings. After five months in Japan, Norton moved to New York City, where he supported himself working odd jobs. He took six months researching different acting techniques, focusing on method acting. He later took lessons from acting coach Terry Schreiber after discovering he was looking for a Japanese translator to help direct a play in Tokyo. Norton described him as a great teacher who encouraged students to become \"multilingual actors\" with different techniques for versatile roles.",
"Norton also wrote scripts for plays at the Signature Theatre Company and starred in off-Broadway theater. His performance in Brian Friel's \"Lovers\" brought him to the attention of playwright Edward Albee, whose one-act plays Norton enjoyed. In 1994, Norton auditioned for Albee's \"Finding the Sun\" but did not get the part. Albee found a new role for him instead and had Norton read for \"Fragments\". The playwright was impressed with Norton's rehearsal performance and cast him for its world premiere. Albee remarked that Norton was a rare actor \"who really knocked me out\". Norton recalled that he was inspired by Al Pacino, who also began his career in theater while struggling to establish himself in New York. 1995–1999: Breakthrough. In 1995, casting agent Shirley Rich discovered Norton. He then rented a studio space near The Public Theater and presented his auditions of Shakespearean works to her. Impressed by his acting, she introduced Norton to the executives of the noir drama \"Primal Fear\", an adaptation of William Diehl's 1993 novel. He was selected for the part over two thousand other prospects. Released in 1996, \"Primal Fear\" features Norton in the role of Aaron Stampler, an altar boy who is charged with the murder of a Roman Catholic archbishop and is defended by Martin Vail (Richard Gere). His performance was lauded by critics; Roger Ebert of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" praised Norton's character as \"completely convincing\", while Peter Stack of the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" dubbed the actor \"the one to watch\" after his debut."
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popqa | 055869b8-82e0-4321-94cb-6dcc0a3933c0 | What is Jonathan Le Billon's occupation? | Jonathan Le Billon | [
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"British actor (born 1980)\nJonathan Keith Le Billon (born 20 September 1980) is a British born actor known for working in feature films, television shows and performing with classical theatre companies. Background. Jonathan Le Billon was born to Keith and Janet Le Billon, at Huddersfield, West Yorkshire. His paternal grandfather moved to the British mainland from the Channel Islands during World War II. At age 4, Le Billon began attending Nora Bray's School of Dance. At age 9 he began attending the Audrey Spencer Theatre School of Dance & Drama (1989-1996). He began his professional acting career at age 13. Le Billon graduated from Greenhead College in Huddersfield, although he was nearly dismissed in his first year because of the demands on his time that his acting activities consumed. He also attended the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School 2004–2007. Early career. Le Billon's first television appearance was in 1997, in a guest role on the ITV series \"Heartbeat\". This was followed by guest roles in: \"City Central\" (BBC) and \"Cold Feet\" (Granada). His first leading role was in the Renaissance season of \"How We Used to Live\" playing the role of Tom Byngham, after which he returned to college to graduate. Following on from this, Le Billon took leading roles in the Channel 4 show \"Hollyoaks\", and the Emmy nominated series \"At Home with the Braithwaites\", and between the two, shot over 100 episodes of series television from 1998 through 2001.",
"He also toured for a year with the Northern Broadsides theatre company before gaining a coveted place on the 3 yr B.A. course at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School. At drama school Le Billon played several roles, including 'Jaques' in the school's international tour of \"As You Like It\". He graduated with a B.A. in July 2007, and after graduation, worked for the Northcott Theatre, Exeter, on their National tour of \"Richard III\" (2008), receiving a notable mention for his performance in the role of 'Catesby'. He was then used as 'Robert Juet' in the New York run of the play \"River of Tides\" (2009). Early work in the U.S.. In 2010, Le Billon took roles in two film projects: \"Casting Shadows\" (2011), an adaptation of a Korean folk tale, and the feature film \"Bright in the Dark\" (2011). He was also cast for the title role in the Lewis Family Playhouse’s production of \"The Gingerbread Man\". A significant boost to his profile came with a role opposite Oscar-nominated actor Robert Loggia in the feature film \"The Apostle Peter\" (2012), as well as several international commercial campaigns, including as spokesperson for Corning Glassware. Le Billon also continued with theatrical works, appearing in stage productions of: \"Amadeus\", \"The Chronicles of Narnia\" and as 'The Engineer' in \"Miss Saigon\" (all for the San Bernardino Playhouse).",
"Physical theatre projects included the technically challenging roles of \"Vaslav Nijinsky\" in Eleanor Antin's \"Before the Revolution\" (Billy Wilder Theatre), and 'The Creature' in Theatrical Arts International's production of Nick Dear's \"Frankenstein\" (2014). Le Billon continued working for the San Bernardino Playhouse until 2016\nReturn to the UK. Producing and work as Sherlock Holmes. Le Billon returned to the UK in 2017 after working in Venice, Italy. Following further year contracts in Windsor and London, Le Billon moved to London and set up 'Wednesday Night Playreaders', a group dedicated to reading the complete works of Shakespeare. This group (and Le Billon as producer) were used as the basis for a production of 'Venus & Adonis' with 'The Society for Theatre Research' and served as the inspiration for the lockdown online play-reading company 'The Show Must Go Online'. It additionally re-connected Le Billon to Tron writer and Sherlock Holmes author Bonnie MacBird, with whom Le Billon had worked in Los Angeles. The two worked together numerous times on Sherlock Holmes projects (Le Billon as Holmes, MacBird as producer/director) in tandem with the releases of MacBird's books. In 2021 Le Billon played Sherlock Holmes in an online production of 'The Blue Carbuncle' for 'The Sherlock Holmes Society of London', produced by Bonnie MacBird. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Geographer, author, and professor at the University of British Columbia\nPhilippe Le Billon is a researcher known for his work in political ecology and on the political economy of war. A Fulbright Research Chair at UC Berkeley and Scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, Le Billon is a professor at the University of British Columbia (UBC) with the Department of Geography and the School of Public Policy and Global Affairs. He earned an MBA at the Pantheon-Sorbonne University in Paris and a doctorate at the University of Oxford. Prior to joining UBC he collaborated with the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) and the Overseas Development Institute (ODI). Contributions. Working on the environment-development-security nexus, he is the (co)author of about one hundred refereed articles and several books, including on conflict diamonds, corruption in armed conflicts, environmental defenders, extractive industries, fish crimes, fossil fuel phase-out initiatives (e.g. fossil fuel cuts database with Nicolas Gaulin), and the political economy of natural disasters and armed conflicts. Le Billon served on the editorial board of Political Geography and Environment and Security, the scientific advisory board of Swisspeace, and the founding board of Environmental Peacebuilding Association. His academic research in published in journals such as \"African Affairs\", \"Annals of the AAG\", \"Antipode\", \"Climate Policy\", \"Geopolitics\", \"Global Environmental Change\", \"Political Geography\", \"Review of International Political Economy\", and \"Science Advances\".",
"Some of his research also appeared in AP, CBC, CCTV, \"Christian Science Monitor\", \"The Globe and Mail\", \"Die Zeit\", \"The Guardian\", \"Financial Times\", and \"The Washington Post\". He regularly writes for \"Policy Options\" and \"The Conversation\", and collaborates with international and non-governmental organizations. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 3061dbd0-d2ff-4692-94a0-e1e24bd09987 | What is Eliza Lawrence's occupation? | Eliza Lawrence | [
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"Canadian politician\nEliza Lawrence (November 11, 1935 – July 24, 2016) was a Canadian territorial-level politician and member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories from 1983 until 1987. Born in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories in 1935, she was the third eldest in a family of 17 children. She helped care for her siblings and worked as a nurse and nutritional educator after training in what was then the capital of the NWT, Fort Smith. Her nursing work brought her to Fort Resolution, Edmonton, including three years at the cities Charles Camsell Hospital (1956–59) as a nursing assistant, and Yellowknife among other communities. At age 24, she met Harry Lawrence to whom she was married for 56 years, raising three daughters. She was one of the founders of the Native Women's Association of the NWT (1977), and a well-known dancer with the Métis Reelers. She loved to sew and people would congregate at her camping site at the Lac Ste. Anne pilgrimage where she would feed them her famous bannock. She was a descendant of the Métis leader François Beaulieu II. Proud of her Dënesųłiné heritage, she was a fluent speaker of the Chipewyan language. Eliza Lawrence was elected to a seat in the Northwest Territories Legislature when she ran as a candidate in the 1983 Northwest Territories general election. She won the new electoral district of Tu Nedhe. She served a single term in the Legislative Assembly until 1987. After this, she worked as a manager in the territorial government.",
"She died on July 24, 2016, in Grande Prairie, Alberta, aged 80 years. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Eliza or ELIZA may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Early natural language processing computer program\nELIZA is an early natural language processing computer program developed from 1964 to 1967 at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum. Created to explore communication between humans and machines, ELIZA simulated conversation by using a pattern matching and substitution methodology that gave users an illusion of understanding on the part of the program, but had no representation that could be considered really understanding what was being said by either party. Whereas the ELIZA program itself was written (originally) in MAD-SLIP, the pattern matching directives that contained most of its language capability were provided in separate \"scripts\", represented in a lisp-like representation. The most famous script, DOCTOR, simulated a psychotherapist of the Rogerian school (in which the therapist often reflects back the patient's words to the patient), and used rules, dictated in the script, to respond with non-directional questions to user inputs. As such, ELIZA was one of the first chatterbots (\"chatbot\" modernly) and one of the first programs capable of attempting the Turing test. ELIZA's creator, Weizenbaum, intended the program as a method to explore communication between humans and machines. He was surprised and shocked that some people, including Weizenbaum's secretary, attributed human-like feelings to the computer program. Many academics believed that the program would be able to positively influence the lives of many people, particularly those with psychological issues, and that it could aid doctors working on such patients' treatment. While ELIZA was capable of engaging in discourse, it could not converse with true understanding.",
"However, many early users were convinced of ELIZA's intelligence and understanding, despite Weizenbaum's insistence to the contrary. The original ELIZA source-code had been missing since its creation in the 1960s as it was not common to publish articles that included source code at that time. However, more recently the MAD-SLIP source-code has now been discovered in the MIT archives and published on various platforms, such as archive.org. The source-code is of high historical interest as it demonstrates not only the specificity of programming languages and techniques at that time, but also the beginning of software layering and abstraction as a means of achieving sophisticated software programming. Overview. Joseph Weizenbaum's ELIZA, running the DOCTOR script, created a conversational interaction somewhat similar to what might take place in the office of \"a [non-directive] psychotherapist in an initial psychiatric interview\" and to \"demonstrate that the communication between man and machine was superficial\". While ELIZA is best known for acting in the manner of a psychotherapist, the speech patterns are due to the data and instructions supplied by the DOCTOR script. ELIZA itself examined the text for keywords, applied values to said keywords, and transformed the input into an output; the script that ELIZA ran determined the keywords, set the values of keywords, and set the rules of transformation for the output."
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"doc_chunk": "Canadian politician\nEliza Lawrence (November 11, 1935 – July 24, 2016) was a Canadian territorial-level politician and member of the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories from 1983 until 1987. Born in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories in 1935, she was the third eldest in a family of 17 children. She helped care for her siblings and worked as a nurse and nutritional educator after training in what was then the capital of the NWT, Fort Smith. Her nursing work brought her to Fort Resolution, Edmonton, including three years at the cities Charles Camsell Hospital (1956–59) as a nursing assistant, and Yellowknife among other communities. At age 24, she met Harry Lawrence to whom she was married for 56 years, raising three daughters. She was one of the founders of the Native Women's Association of the NWT (1977), and a well-known dancer with the Métis Reelers. She loved to sew and people would congregate at her camping site at the Lac Ste. Anne pilgrimage where she would feed them her famous bannock. She was a descendant of the Métis leader François Beaulieu II. Proud of her Dënesųłiné heritage, she was a fluent speaker of the Chipewyan language. Eliza Lawrence was elected to a seat in the Northwest Territories Legislature when she ran as a candidate in the 1983 Northwest Territories general election. She won the new electoral district of Tu Nedhe. She served a single term in the Legislative Assembly until 1987. After this, she worked as a manager in the territorial government.",
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popqa | 4d70a67d-9ada-4426-9735-919c642953cf | What is Charles Combe's occupation? | Charles Combe | [
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"English physician and numismatist\nCharles Combe FRS M.D. (1743–1817) was an English physician and numismatist. Life. He was born on 23 September 1743, in Southampton Street, Bloomsbury, London where his father, John Combe, carried on business as an apothecary. He was educated at Harrow School, and among his schoolfellows were Sir William Jones and Samuel Parr. He rose to the sixth form, but did not proceed to university. Coming to London, he studied medicine, and on his father's death in 1768 succeeded to his business. In 1783, the degree of doctor of medicine was conferred on him by the University of Glasgow, and he began to practise as an obstetric physician. On 5 April 1784, he was admitted by the Royal College of Physicians a licentiate in midwifery; on 30 June, he was nominated a governor of St. Bartholomew's Hospital. In 1789, he was chosen physician to the British Lying-In Hospital in Brownlow Street, and on resigning the post in 1810 was appointed consulting physician to the institution. He had also a substantial private practice, and made a collection in materia medica, which was purchased by the College of Physicians shortly after his death. Combe was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London on 10 January 1771, and a Fellow of the Royal Society on 11 January 1776.",
"He died, after a short illness, at his house in Vernon Place, Bloomsbury Square, on 18 March 1817, in the seventy-fourth year of his age, and was buried in Bloomsbury cemetery, Brunswick Square. A portrait of Combe was painted by Medley, and engraved by N. Branwhite. Works. By 1773, he had made the acquaintance of William Hunter the anatomist; Combe became a friend and helped Hunter in getting together his collection of coins. Combe contemplated a complete catalogue of the Hunter coin collection, but only published one instalment—his \"Nummorum veterum Populorum et Urbium qui in Museo Gulielmi Hunter asservantur Descriptio, figuris illustrata\", London, 1782. A Latin preface gives the history of the Hunter collection. Combe was appointed one of the three trustees to whom Hunter (who died in 1783) left the use of his museum for thirty years, after which the collection passed to the Glasgow University. Combe also published a work on ‘large brass’ coins, entitled \"Index nummorum omnium imperatorum, Augustorum et Cæsarum\" ..., London, 1773. It extends to the reign of Domitian. In 1788, Combe began to work with Henry Homer of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, on an edition of Horace, with variorum notes; Samuel Parr was also originally to have taken part in the work. Homer died before the first volume was completed, and Combe finished the work alone, which was published as ‘Q.",
"Horatii Flacci Opera cum variis lectionibus, notis variorum et indice completissimo,’ 2 vols. 1792–3. Errors, especially in the Greek quotations in the notes, were severely commented on by Parr in the \"British Critic\". Combe replied with ‘A Statement of Facts,’ &c., and was answered by Parr in ‘Remarks on the Statement of Dr. Charles Combe,’ 1795. He wrote the memoirs prefixed to the sale catalogue of Richard Southgate's library, and contributed to the appendix to George Vertue's \"Medals of Thomas Simon\", 2nd edit. 1780. Besides coins he collected rare books, especially editions of the Bible, some of which were purchased by the British Museum. Family. He married, in 1769, Arthey, only daughter of Henry Taylor, by whom he had four children. His eldest son was Taylor Combe. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:",
"British politician (1863–1935)\nCharles Harvey Combe (18 February 1863 – 14 August 1935) was a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1892 and 1897 for the English constituency of Chertsey. Combe was raised at Cobham Park. He was educated at Eton. Afterwards he travelled for three years, visiting many countries of the world. He served for three years in the Sussex Militia. Political career. In February 1892, Combe was selected by the Conservative Association for North-West Surrey to be candidate for the by-election to replace Frederick Alers Hankey, who had died that month. Combe won the by-election with 4,589 votes. The other candidate (L. J. Baker) received 2,751 votes. Combe was re-elected unopposed in the general elections of 1892 and 1895. He resigned two years later, because of his ill-health. Many years later, in 1929, Combe returned in the public eye when he was appointed as High Sheriff of Surrey. Brewery. He was the director of the brewery firm Combe & Co. In 1898 the company merged with James Watney & Co. and Reid and Co., and was subsequently known as Watney Combe & Reid. The amalgamated company was the largest brewer in London. Combe died in August 1935 at the age of 72.",
"English legal case\nCombe v Combe [1951] 2 KB 215 is a famous English contract law case on promissory estoppel. An ex-wife tried to take advantage of the principle that had been reintroduced in the High Trees case to enforce her husband's promise to give her maintenance. The Court held that promissory estoppel could not be applied. It was available only as a defence and not as a cause of action. Facts. Mr and Mrs Combe were a married couple. Mr Yasser M Combe promised Mrs Radhika M Combe that he would pay her an annual maintenance. Their marriage eventually fell apart and they were divorced. Mr Combe refused to pay any of the maintenance he had promised. Seven years later Ms Combe brought an action against Mr Combe to have the promise enforced. There was no consideration in exchange for the promise and so no contract was formed. Instead, she argued promissory estoppel as she had acted on the promise to her own detriment. At first instance the Court agreed with Mrs Combe and enforced the promise under promissory estoppel. However this decision was then appealed. Judgment. Denning LJ reversed the lower court decision and ruled in favour of Mr Combe. He elaborated on the \"Rule in High Trees House\", Stating the legal principle, Denning wrote,\nHe stated the estoppel could only be used as a \"shield\" and not a \"sword\". In the \"High Trees case\", there was an underlying cause of action outside the promise."
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"doc_chunk": "English physician and numismatist\nCharles Combe FRS M.D. (1743–1817) was an English physician and numismatist. Life. He was born on 23 September 1743, in Southampton Street, Bloomsbury, London where his father, John Combe, carried on business as an apothecary. He was educated at Harrow School, and among his schoolfellows were Sir William Jones and Samuel Parr. He rose to the sixth form, but did not proceed to university. Coming to London, he studied medicine, and on his father's death in 1768 succeeded to his business. In 1783, the degree of doctor of medicine was conferred on him by the University of Glasgow, and he began to practise as an obstetric physician. On 5 April 1784, he was admitted by the Royal College of Physicians a licentiate in midwifery; on 30 June, he was nominated a governor of St. Bartholomew's Hospital. In 1789, he was chosen physician to the British Lying-In Hospital in Brownlow Street, and on resigning the post in 1810 was appointed consulting physician to the institution. He had also a substantial private practice, and made a collection in materia medica, which was purchased by the College of Physicians shortly after his death. Combe was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London on 10 January 1771, and a Fellow of the Royal Society on 11 January 1776.",
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popqa | 667eb8fb-d529-42e9-aae1-4f47c5fc14f2 | What is GQ's occupation? | GQ (actor) | [
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"American actor, writer and rapper\nGregory James Qaiyum (born February 7, 1976), better known by his initials GQ, is an American actor, writer and rapper. The son of an American mother of German and English descent and a Pakistani father, GQ was raised in Chicago, where he attended Loyola Academy (high school), and later studied at New York University's (NYU) Tisch School of the Arts. Before graduating from the Experimental Theatre Wing of NYU, he put some friends together to create his senior project, merging hip hop and theater, combining two of his passions, rapping and acting. The result is off-Broadway production \"The Bomb-itty of Errors\", in which GQ is actor, rapper, co-writer and original producer. The show won the jury prize for Best Show at the 2001 Aspen Comedy Festival. GQ's first professional acting job was at the Manhattan Theatre Club in the hit London play, \"East is East\". His film credits include \"What's the Worst That Could Happen? \", \"On the Line\", \"Drumline\", and \"Taxi\". After his experience in theater, GQ turned his attention to television: a musical sketch/comedy series for MTV called \"Scratch & Burn\". He and the other members of the \"Bomb-itty\" crew, including his younger brother, JAQ (who also wrote and produced all of the music for the show), created, wrote and starred in the series.",
"GQ's next project was his directorial debut for a film for Showtime called \"Just Another Story\", which he wrote and starred in as well. GQ also guest-starred on Fox's \"Boston Public\", writing his own rhymes for a role as a delinquent student in a Shakespeare class who brought the material to life for the other bored students by rapping it. In 2012, the Q Brothers debuted their newest Shakespeare adaptation, \"Othello: The Remix\", a 90-minute hip-hop version of \"Othello\" that was part of the Globe to Globe Festival and World Shakespeare Festival. GQ lives in Los Angeles. Alongside his brother JAQ, the two have created Q Brothers Productions and are working together on an album, \"The Feel Good Album Of The Year\", a mix of jazz, rock, R&B and electronica. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Internet country code top-level domain for Equatorial Guinea\n.gq is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Equatorial Guinea. Freenom relaunched the TLD on October 1, 2014, and domains became available for free on January 1, 2015. Following Freenom's lawsuit with Meta and its settlement in 2024, it is unclear who will take up registration of the domain, as the company announced it would be exiting the domain business. The .gq registry allows the creation of emoji domain names. History. The .gq domain was launched in July 1997 by GETESA, the nation's prominent internet service provider. In October 2014, domain company Freenom partnered with GETESA to try a business model which involved giving away .gq domain names for free. Before the public launch, there was a sunrise period to allow trademark holders to register their names. Public domain registration commenced on January 1, 2015. Abuse. Due to the lack of cost required to obtain a .gq domain, the TLD has been prone to usage for spam, phishing and other malicious purposes. A study conducted by internet security company Symantec found that 92% of the top 50 .gq websites were being used for \"shady\" purposes. Out of all of the websites on a .gq domain that were surveyed by Symantec, a whole 98.94% were being used for malicious purposes. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American monthly men's magazine\nGQ (which stands for Gentlemen's Quarterly and is also known Apparel Arts) is an international monthly men's magazine based in New York City and founded in 1931. The publication focuses on fashion, style, and culture for men, though articles on food, movies, fitness, sex, music, travel, celebrities' sports, technology, and books are also featured. History. The magazine \"Apparel Arts\" was launched in 1931 in the United States. It was a men's fashion magazine for the clothing trade, aimed primarily at wholesale buyers and retail sellers. Initially it had a very limited print run and was aimed solely at industry insiders to enable them to give advice to their customers. The popularity of the magazine among retail customers, who often took the magazine from the retailers, spurred the creation of \"Esquire\" magazine in 1933. \"Apparel Arts\" continued until 1957 when it was transformed into a quarterly magazine for men, which was published for many years by Esquire Inc. Apparel was dropped from the logo in 1958 with the spring issue after nine issues, and the name \"Gentlemen's Quarterly\" was established. \"Gentlemen's Quarterly\" was re-branded as \"GQ\" in 1967. The rate of publication was increased from quarterly to monthly in 1970. In 1979 Condé Nast bought the publication, and editor Art Cooper changed the course of the magazine, introducing articles beyond fashion and establishing \"GQ\" as a general men's magazine in competition with \"Esquire\".",
"Nonnie Moore was hired by \"GQ\" as fashion editor in 1984, having served in the same position at \"Mademoiselle\" and \"Harper's Bazaar\". Jim Moore, the magazine's fashion director at the time of her death in 2009, described the choice as unusual, observing that \"She was not from men's wear, so people said she was an odd choice, but she was actually the perfect choice\". Jim Moore also noted that she changed the publication's more casual look: \"She helped dress up the pages, as well as dress up the men, while making the mix more exciting and varied and approachable for men.\" \"GQ\" has been closely associated with metrosexuality. The writer Mark Simpson coined the term in an article for British newspaper \"The Independent\" about his visit to a \"GQ\" exhibition in London: \"The promotion of metrosexuality was left to the men's style press, magazines such as \"The Face\", \"GQ\", \"Esquire\", \"Arena\" and \"FHM\", the new media which took off in the Eighties and is still growing ... They filled their magazines with images of narcissistic young men sporting fashionable clothes and accessories. And they induced other young men to study them with a mixture of envy and desire.\" The magazine has expanded its coverage beyond lifestyle issues."
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popqa | ada03f12-0d44-450b-b662-54ac89504269 | What is John D. Maurice's occupation? | John D. Maurice | [
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"American journalist\nJohn D. Maurice is an American journalist. He won the 1975 Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing for his editorials about the Kanawha County schoolbook controversy. Maurice worked as a reporter in Huntington, West Virginia, prior to joining the \"Daily Mail\" of Charleston, West Virginia, in 1938. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"John Maurice may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"American politician\nMaurice D. Rosenberg (January 4, 1909 – November 8, 1950) was an attorney and Democratic member of the Virginia House of Delegates representing Alexandria, Virginia. Early life. Rosenberg was born January 4, 1909, in Harrisonburg, Virginia, and attended the Alexandria public schools. He graduated from George Washington University in Washington, D.C., and received his law degree from the same university. He served on the executive committee of B'nai B'rith for many years, beginning in the 1920s. Rosenberg was also a member of many local Alexandria organizations, including the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, the Eagles, the Virginia Bar Association, the Alexandria Bar Association and the Old Dominion Boat Club. Political career. In 1935, Rosenberg was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates representing the City of Alexandria. He was reelected three more times and served until 1943. Death and memorials. Rosenberg died on November 8, 1950. The local chapter of B'nai B'rith is named for Maurice D. Rosenberg. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American lawyer (1839–1922)\nMaurice D. O'Connell (April 23, 1839 – August 26, 1922) was an Iowa attorney who served as Solicitor of the United States Treasury. Biography. Maurice D. O'Connell was born in Constable, New York, on April 23, 1839. He was educated at Franklin Academy and taught school in upstate New York. During the Civil War, O'Connell worked in the Washington, D.C. office of the Comptroller of the Currency. O'Connell studied law at Columbian University (now George Washington University) while working for the comptroller, graduated in 1866, and attained admission to the bar. After the war, O'Connell resided in Texas for two years, where he was employed by the San Antonio National Bank. In 1869, O'Connell moved to Fort Dodge, Iowa, where he practiced law. From 1872 to 1879, he was District Attorney for the Eleventh Judicial District, an eight county area of Iowa. A Republican, O'Connell was appointed United States Attorney for the Northern District of Iowa in 1881, and served until Grover Cleveland was inaugurated in 1885. When Benjamin Harrison became President in 1889, O'Connell returned to the U.S. Attorney's office, serving until 1893. In 1897, O'Connell was named Solicitor of the Treasury, and he served until 1910. After resigning, he resided in Washington, D.C., where he continued to practice law. O'Connell died in Washington, D.C., on August 26, 1922, from injuries he sustained in a streetcar accident the previous April.",
"He was buried in Fort Dodge. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n! colspan=\"3\" style=\"border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;\" | Legal offices"
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popqa | 344b2a80-0461-485e-ab1a-aec252145cff | What is Harvey Benge's occupation? | Harvey Benge | [
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"New Zealand photographer (1944–2019)\nHarvey Benge (27 July 1944 – 7 October 2019) was a New Zealand photographer who lived in Auckland and Paris. He exhibited his work in European galleries. Life and work. Benge claimed that his photography was inspired by anything that attracted his attention while walking in the city. He stated that \"the most successful photography raises questions, offers something else to the viewer\". In May 2007 he started his photo-blog called \"Photography + Art + Ideas\" on the Blogger platform to write about photography, photobooks, art and photographic concepts. He continued his writing and published his last article on 24 June 2019. Benge's first book, \"Four Parts Religion, Six Parts Sin\" was about Auckland. His second was about the Dalai Lama's visit to New Zealand. \"Not Here. Not There\", contains cityscapes. \"You Are Here\" (2007) chronicled his visit to Tokyo and was shortlisted for the Prix du Livre at the 2006 Rencontres d'Arles. He was twice a finalist of the award. In 2008 he started his own imprint FAQ, based in his home/studio in Auckland, NA as a publishing platform for his self-published books and zines, later including a small signed photographic print with each copy. Benge died on 7 October 2019 at the age of 75. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Benge is the 'Poison Oracle' used by the Azande of Central Africa, mainly in Southern Sudan, in which a decision is determined by whether or not a fowl survives being administered a poison. The outcome of the oracle can be taken as law in certain circumstances when a Zande Chief is present. The practice is increasingly rare since colonial times. The Azande Tribe believed that witchcraft was inherited and grew with age. To tribe members, everyday ailments or events could be explained by witchcraft. If someone was ill, they would go to an oracle who would feed poison to a chicken. If the chicken died after the name of a certain tribe member was called, then that person was considered the witch. Azande believed people could be witches without knowing it, and once the tribe member learned he or she was a witch they would stop unknowingly cursing the other members of their tribe with bad thoughts. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Trumpet player and manufacturer\nElden Eugene Benge (July 12, 1904 in Winterset, Iowa – December 13, 1960 in Los Angeles, California), was the principal trumpet of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra from 1928–1933; he held the same position in the Chicago Symphony Orchestra from 1933-1939. After moving to Chicago he began to experiment with designing his own trumpet, taking measurements from his personal instrument, a French Besson. By the end of 1935, using pre-made components along with parts he fashioned, he constructed a trumpet for his own use. He continued refining the process and began selling the instruments, until, in 1937, he was able to manufacture and assemble trumpets using parts solely made in his home workshop. In 1939 he started to advertise the Benge Company, and he continued making trumpets in his Chicago home until 1953. In part due to a severe case of spinal arthritis, he moved to Burbank, California, where he continued to make “The World’s Finest Trumpet” until his death on December 13, 1960. After Elden Benge's death, the company was run by his son Donald Benge, who later went on to be the creator of the widely successful Conquest board game. The company enjoyed a very strong reputation among professional players in the Los Angeles area recording industry during the 1960s. In general the company did very little advertising and sold trumpets mostly to professionals and serious students through a network of professional players.",
"In December 1970, Donald Benge sold the company to Leisure Time Industries and production was moved from the Benge garage to an upstairs shop in downtown Los Angeles above Lockie Music Exchange, also owned by Leisure Time. In 1972 the company was bought by King Musical Instruments, then a subsidiary of the Seeburg Corporation, who moved production to Anaheim, California and increased production substantially. King and related assets were acquired by Seeburg's creditors under bankruptcy in 1979 then sold to Daniel J. Henkin (1930 - 2012), owner of C. G. Conn, in 1983. King discontinued production in Anaheim and used the \"Benge\" name for a different model of trumpets mass-produced in Eastlake, Ohio starting in 1983. In 1985 King was acquired by the Swedish venture capital firm , then joined with C. G. Conn the following year to form United Musical Instruments (UMI). Ownership of UMI passed to Steinway Musical Instruments in 2000, who put the UMI assets under their Conn-Selmer subsidiary in 2003. Conn-Selmer discontinued production under the \"Benge\" name in 2005. Production of Benge-style trumpets, branded Burbank, was resumed by Kanstul Musical Instruments Company in Fullerton, CA, in 1985. Many of Elden Benge's original design models were marketed as \"The Burbank Trumpet\" by the Michael Thomas Music Company and produced for Michael Thomas by The Kanstul Musical Instruments Company of Anaheim, California.",
"Production History of The Benge Trumpet city by city:\nChicago IL 1937-53; *BURBANK CA 1953-70; Los Angeles CA 1970-72; Anaheim CA 1972-83; Eastlake OH, 1983 - 2005 (end of production)\nProduction History of THE *BURBANK TRUMPET (Benge model) city by city:\nFullerton, CA, 1985-1991; Anaheim, CA, 1991 - present"
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popqa | 967cdb76-b6e2-4d81-bd92-d1e4508fc827 | What is Alan Huckle's occupation? | Alan Huckle | [
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"British Colonial Governor and Commissioner\nAlan Edden Huckle (born 15 June 1948) is an English senior diplomat in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Government. He was the commissioner of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) and the British Antarctic Territory from 23 April 2001 until 12 January 2004, when he left to become the governor of Anguilla in the Caribbean. He was the Governor of Anguilla from 29 July 2004 to July 2006, having been appointed in July 2003. In July 2005, it was announced that Huckle would soon be leaving Anguilla to become Governor of the British Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands and the Commissioner for South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, all of which are located in the South Atlantic Ocean. He was succeeded in Anguilla by Andrew George, on 10 July 2006. During his time as Governor of the Falkland Islands, Huckle oversaw the implementation of the new Constitution in 2009. He was succeeded as Governor by Nigel Haywood in October 2010.",
"Huckle may refer to:\nPeople with the surname Huckle:\nTopics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Zimbabwean cricketer\nAdam George Huckle (born 21 September 1971) is a Zimbabwean former international cricketer who played in eight Test matches and 19 One Day Internationals (ODI) from 1997 to 1999 for the Zimbabwe national team. In his second Test in 1997, against New Zealand, Huckle took 11–255 in the match (6–109 and 5–146). As of December 2023, this remains the only occasion of a Zimbabwean bowler taking 11 wickets in a Test match. His aggressive appealing in the match led to a fine by referee Sidath Wettimuny for attempting to intimidate the umpire. He was filmed shepherding a dismissed batsman off the field with a well known two-word goodbye. When questioned by the relevant cricketing body at a subsequent hearing, Huckle explained: \"Well, we weren't playing netball\". Huckle's father, Mike Huckle, played a single first-class match for Rhodesia in the 1960s.",
"Theodore Huckle is a Welsh barrister. He served as the first and to date only independent professional Counsel General for Wales, the statutory Law Officer to the Welsh Government, during the governmental term of the 4th Assembly/Senedd. Upon nomination by the First Minister, his appointment was approved by the Senedd and formally made by the Queen on 21 July 2011, although he had been acting Counsel General from his birthday on 27 May 2011. For further current information since 2016 see theohucklekc.com. Personal. Huckle lives near Cardiff with his family. Early life and education. Huckle was brought up in Blaenavon by his mother Sylvia (née Lewis) with his brother and two sisters. He was educated at primary and junior schools in Blaenavon and at Jones' West Monmouth Grammar School, Pontypool, before reading Law at Jesus College, Cambridge, where he took B.A., M.A. and LL.M. (International) degrees. He is a Titular Exhibitioner of Jesus College. He was admitted to Lincoln's Inn as a Hardwick Entrance Scholar and was in 1984 awarded the Megarry Major Scholarship. Career History. Huckle was called to the Bar in 1985. In 2008 he established Civitas Law chambers as the first specialist civil law chambers in Wales. He was appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 2011 (converted automatically to King's Counsel (KC) with the accession of King Charles III in 2022).",
"With the agreement of the First Minister of Wales and the National Assembly for Wales Huckle continued in private practice as a QC during his appointment as Counsel General. In May 2015 he joined Doughty Street Chambers in London as a tenant whilst remaining a door tenant of Apex Chambers in Cardiff. From St David's Day 2021 he moved to sole practitioner status, maintaining associate memberships of Doughty Street, Apex Chambers (Cardiff), Cornwall St Chambers (Birmingham/Oxford/Shrewsbury) and No.18 Chambers (Southampton). In 2012 Huckle was elected a Master of the Bench (Bencher) of Lincoln's Inn. He is the Inn's liaison Bencher for the Wales & Chester Circuit. In 2016 Huckle was appointed visiting professor of Law the King's College, London and took up the role of General Editor of the Butterworths' Personal Injury Litigation Service. Huckle's private practice profile includes complex clinical disputes and personal injury, including occupational illness/disease litigation, spinal, head injury and clinical negligence; public law, human rights and commercial matters including employment, fraud and professional negligence. Huckle is accredited as a mediator by ADR Group and QC Mediation, and as an arbitrator as a founder member of PIcARBS."
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popqa | aa42b71d-d091-4982-8230-745b4352154e | What is Sylwester Braun's occupation? | Sylwester Braun | [
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"Polish photographer\nSylwester Braun (code-name \"Kris\", 1 January 1909, Warsaw – 2 February 1996, Warsaw) was a Polish photographer, Home Army officer. He is known as the author of photography evidencing the Nazi Occupation of Poland and the Warsaw Uprising. Braun was born on 1 January 1909 in Warsaw. During the Warsaw Uprising he took 3000 photographs of battles, people, destruction, and everyday life in the fighting city. Generally he operated in the Śródmieście district. After the capitulation of Warsaw, he escaped from the city, returning in January 1945 to retrieve his negatives. After that he fled to Sweden, and in 1964 he immigrated to the United States. In 1981 he delivered archives of his photographs to the Historical Museum of Warsaw. Sylwester Braun died in Warsaw on 2 February 1996.",
"Sylwester is the Polish form of Sylvester. Notable people with the name include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"Polish engineer, professor and general\nSylwester Kaliski (19 December 1925 – 16 September 1978) was a Polish engineer, professor and military general. He was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN). Born in Toruń, Kaliski was a specialist in the field of applied physics. He developed the theory of continuous amplification of ultra and hyper-sounds in semiconductive crystals and obtained plasma temperature of tens of millions of kelvins using laser impulse. He died in Warsaw, Poland in car crash. It has been speculated that Kaliski was killed by the Soviet KGB, as he headed the Polish clandestine program of developing thermonuclear devices intended for military use. The program began on orders from the highest levels of Polish communists and was reportedly opposed by the Soviet Union. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Sylwester Zych (May 19, 1950 in Ostrówek – July 11, 1989) was a Polish Catholic priest. Biography. He was born in Ostrówek, and lived in Lipinki. Later he attended school in Duczki and Zielonka. Zych took part in various resistance activities, among them, serving as a secret courier for right wing political organisation KPN. As a part of many Communist-orchestrated political trials of this period, in 1982 he was charged with \"attempting to overthrow Polish political system\". After being accused and sentenced for his alleged involvement in the Zdzisław Karos case, between 1982-1986, he was imprisoned by the Communist regime. The body of Sylwester Zych was found at night on July 11, 1989, at a bus stop in Krynica Morska. The circumstances surrounding the deaths of three Polish priests (Sylwester Zych, Stefan Niedzielak, and Stanisław Suchowolec) were later investigated by a Senate commission composed of Zbigniew Romaszewski (chairman) and Alicja Grześkowiak (vice chairman). The investigation concluded that \"there was criminal activity aimed at priests\". The commission also suggested Polish secret police, the Służba Bezpieczeństwa, involvement in these crimes. Reverend Zych was laid to rest in Kobyłka.",
"He was posthumously decorated with a Gold Cross of Merit with Swords (by the last Polish President in exile-Ryszard Kaczorowski) and the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (by the late President Lech Kaczyński)\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "Polish photographer\nSylwester Braun (code-name \"Kris\", 1 January 1909, Warsaw – 2 February 1996, Warsaw) was a Polish photographer, Home Army officer. He is known as the author of photography evidencing the Nazi Occupation of Poland and the Warsaw Uprising. Braun was born on 1 January 1909 in Warsaw. During the Warsaw Uprising he took 3000 photographs of battles, people, destruction, and everyday life in the fighting city. Generally he operated in the Śródmieście district. After the capitulation of Warsaw, he escaped from the city, returning in January 1945 to retrieve his negatives. After that he fled to Sweden, and in 1964 he immigrated to the United States. In 1981 he delivered archives of his photographs to the Historical Museum of Warsaw. Sylwester Braun died in Warsaw on 2 February 1996.",
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popqa | 69891229-9313-405d-a4b7-2d8d9edbad4d | What is Jack Mackenzie's occupation? | Jack Mackenzie | [
"civil engineer"
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"Chalmers Jack Mackenzie, (July 10, 1888 – February 26, 1984) was a Canadian civil engineer, chancellor of Carleton University, president of the National Research Council, first president of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, first president of Atomic Energy Control Board and instrumental in the development of science and engineering education in Canada. He was born in St. Stephen, New Brunswick, the youngest of six children of James and Janet MacKenzie. He attended Milltown High School, then completed a Bachelor of Engineering at Dalhousie University in 1909 and a Masters in Engineering from Harvard University in 1915. In 1912 he was hired to develop an engineering program at the University of Saskatchewan. He served in the Canadian Army during World War I (1915-1918). After the war he continued at the University of Saskatchewan until 1932, when he took a leave of absence to supervise public works projects. In 1939 he left Saskatchewan for Ottawa to become president of the National Research Council. In 1943 he received the Sir John Kennedy Medal. In 1949 he sat on the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters and Sciences, the so-called \"Massey Commission\", one objective of which was developing Canada's system of publicly funded research. In 1967, he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada. He received honorary degrees from the University of Saskatchewan, the University of British Columbia, the University of Western Ontario, the University of Ottawa, McMaster University, Queen's University, and the University of New Brunswick. The Mackenzie Engineering Building at Carleton University is named in his honour.",
"The high school in Deep River, Ontario, Mackenzie Community School (formerly C.J. Mackenzie High School), is named in his honour. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Jack MacKenzie (13 September 1892 – 19 December 1979) was a British-born cinematographer who worked for most of his career in the United States. During the silent era Jack MacKenzie was employed in Hollywood. In 1930 MacKenzie was sent to London by RKO to work on two films for the company's British partner Associated Talking Pictures. MacKenzie then returned to America. While he occasionally worked on prestige films such as \"Mary of Scotland\" (1936) he was employed mainly on numerous low-budget productions and from 1951 in the developing television industry. Partial filmography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Mackenzie, Mckenzie, MacKenzie, or McKenzie may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nPlaces. Cities, towns and roads. Canada. \"Alberta\"\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Scottish footballer\nJack Andrew MacKenzie (born 4 July 2000) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Scottish Premiership club Aberdeen as a defender. Career. MacKenzie joined Aberdeen aged 9. He was captain of the club's development side and signed a two-year contract in 2019. In March 2020, MacKenzie was due to join Atlanta United 2 on loan, but the move was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In October 2020, MacKenzie joined Scottish League One club Forfar Athletic on loan, going on to make 14 appearances. MacKenzie made his first team debut for Aberdeen on 20 March 2021, in a Scottish Premiership game against Dundee United under interim manager Paul Sheerin. Following his debut, MacKenzie signed a new two-year contract that is due to run until 2023. \"As of 19 May 2024\"\nCareer statistics. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "Chalmers Jack Mackenzie, (July 10, 1888 – February 26, 1984) was a Canadian civil engineer, chancellor of Carleton University, president of the National Research Council, first president of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, first president of Atomic Energy Control Board and instrumental in the development of science and engineering education in Canada. He was born in St. Stephen, New Brunswick, the youngest of six children of James and Janet MacKenzie. He attended Milltown High School, then completed a Bachelor of Engineering at Dalhousie University in 1909 and a Masters in Engineering from Harvard University in 1915. In 1912 he was hired to develop an engineering program at the University of Saskatchewan. He served in the Canadian Army during World War I (1915-1918). After the war he continued at the University of Saskatchewan until 1932, when he took a leave of absence to supervise public works projects. In 1939 he left Saskatchewan for Ottawa to become president of the National Research Council. In 1943 he received the Sir John Kennedy Medal. In 1949 he sat on the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters and Sciences, the so-called \"Massey Commission\", one objective of which was developing Canada's system of publicly funded research. In 1967, he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada. He received honorary degrees from the University of Saskatchewan, the University of British Columbia, the University of Western Ontario, the University of Ottawa, McMaster University, Queen's University, and the University of New Brunswick. The Mackenzie Engineering Building at Carleton University is named in his honour.",
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popqa | 9d5dad3e-14d6-47d1-89b2-febf0d64403e | What is Ernst Theodor Echtermeyer's occupation? | Ernst Theodor Echtermeyer | [
"philosopher"
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"German writer and philosopher\nErnst Theodor Echtermeyer (12 August 1805, in Bad Liebenwerda – 6 May 1844) was a German writer and philosopher. Together with Arnold Ruge, in 1838, he founded the \"Hallische Jahrbücher für Wissenschaft und Kunst\", an organ of the Young Hegelians. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Echtermeyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Chilean-German painter\nCurt Echtermeyer (1896–1971), also known as Curt Bruckner or Curt Bruckner-Echtermeyer, was a Chilean-German painter. Life. Curt Echtermeyer was born in Valparaíso, Chile, in 1896 as the son of an immigrant who soon returned to Germany, and his Chilean wife. Curt and his sister grew up in Berlin, where he attended art school from 1914. He lived in Paris in 1925/26, taking up contact with other surrealist artists. The painter was \"overlooked\" for conscription in the First World War and spared service at the front in the Second World War. Yet it was the Nazi dictatorship which forced him to develop a fundamentally different second style, and the Stalinist dictatorship in the GDR which prompted him to leave Berlin. In 1962, after the erection of the Berlin Wall, Curt Echtermeyer took up residence in the Old Town of Bamberg, a picturesque Catholic city. At the end of 1969, Curt Echtermeyer and his wife moved to his beloved Spain. From his cottage in the village of San Vicente de Calders (Province of Tarragona), he could see the Mediterranean Sea. On 11 December 1971, Curt and Wally Echtermeyer fell victim to a tragic accident; they were interred at El Vendrell. This proponent of Modernism pursued an artistic double life – under the name of Curt Bruckner – by providing highly popular canvases in the style of 19th century Realism.",
"As Echtermeyer, the artist often created vast, dark, dreamlike, unsettling scenes, while as Bruckner, he produced intimate, warm, quotidian, idyllic images. Echtermeyer categorically rejected preparatory studies, drawing directly onto the canvas or wood before applying oil or pastel, and preferred to paint by night. Many oil paintings of his Paris period are relatively small and executed directly on wood, as he lived in various, narrow, lodgings and sometimes used parts of the furniture, for instance the bottom of drawers. Curt Echtermeyer was related to the writer Ernst Theodor Echtermeyer and the sculptor Carl Friedrich Echtermeier, formerly Echtermeyer. The latter changed his name in 1905, possibly to confirm the break with his eldest son Romolus, Curt’s father. Work. Work as Curt Echtermeyer. Echtermeyer’s early work is generally sombre and surreal, populated by pale figures with mask-like faces. Black, grey, brown and dark shades, often punctuated by white or blood-red, prevail in many scenes, while others shine in rainbow colours. Later, the palette and mood of his paintings lightened, and some approached abstraction, while still teeming with people. His impressions of traditional festivities in Bamberg are reminiscent of fireworks; so is his pastel \"The Feast of Life\" from his last years in Spain. Selection of works signed as Echtermeyer:\nWork as Curt Bruckner.",
"Curt Echtermeyer was prompted to turn to interiors by the changed political circumstances in the thirties. After the war, his dexterity earned him a regular and comfortable income with Berlin art dealer Werner Karst, who established a production line of popular and affordable genre scenes for German homes. Amongst a flood of mainly German landscapes, Curt Bruckner seems to have been one of the few suppliers of figurative motives, billed as “specialist in Old Masters”. His genre views often depict comfortable middle-class men in the pursuit of their trades or hobbies, for example making or playing musical instruments. Many of these are set in the past – either the nineteenth century, whose artistic style they emulate, or those preceding. The genre scenes are dominated by a warm golden brown, contrasting with the melancholy ashen tones of Echtermeyer's surrealist and expressionist imagery. The historical interiors are crammed with books, globes, plans, models and framed paintings. The virtuoso artist sometimes playfully signed a picture in the picture with \"C. Bruckner pinx.\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | b713f4e2-8589-478f-9641-10592d6adccb | What is Felicia Chateloin's occupation? | Felicia Chateloin | [
"architect"
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"Cuban architect\nFelicia Chateloin is a Cuban architect specialized in conservation and rehabilitation of built patrimony and in urban historic preservation. Academic background. Chateloin is a graduate of the School of Architecture, University of Havana. Work as preservation and rehabilitation specialist. As a member of the National Centre of Conservation, Restoration and Museology (CENCREM), Chateloin played a key role in developing the institutional procedure for the designation of the Historic Urban Zones in Havana, Cuba. She served as technical consultant to the Havana City Historian's Office (OHCH) in the implementation of the first comprehensive survey of historic structures in La Habana Vieja (Old Havana). Work as professor. Chateloin is a professor at the Faculty of Architecture, Polytechnic José Antonio Echeverría (CUJAE) and at the San Geronimo University College of the University of Havana. Publications. Her book, \"La Habana de Tacón\", remains the most extensive study of the Captain General Tacón contributions to Havana in the first half of the 19th Century. Chateloin has published numerous articles in international publications, such as \"De la arquitectura del molde o la identidad de la ciudad cubana.\" and \"Techos de armaduras de pares en La Habana Vieja.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Female given name\nThe name Felicia derives from the Latin adjective \"felix\", meaning \"happy, lucky\", though in the neuter plural form \"felicia\" it literally means \"happy things\" and often occurred in the phrase \"tempora felicia\", \"happy times\". The sense of it as a feminine personal name appeared in post-Classical use and is of uncertain origin. It is associated with saints, poets, astronomical objects, plant genera, fictional characters, and animals, especially cats. Other uses. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"American pair skater\nFelicia Zhang (born September 22, 1993) is an American former pair skater. With Nathan Bartholomay, she is a two-time U.S. national medalist (silver in 2014, bronze in 2013) and competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics. Personal life. Felicia Zhang was born in New York City and grew up in Plainsboro Township, New Jersey. Her mother, a doctor's receptionist, and father, a computer information technology worker, are both from Beijing, China. After graduating in 2011 from West Windsor-Plainsboro High School South, she began studying at the University of South Florida, majoring in psychology. Career. Early years and single skating. Zhang started skating at the age of seven after attending a skating birthday party. In singles, Zhang won the novice bronze medal at the 2008 U.S. Championships, and placed sixth on the junior level at the 2010 U.S. Championships. Partnership with Toth. Zhang teamed up with Taylor Toth in 2009. They won the junior gold medal at the 2010 U.S. Championships. They finished 9th at the 2010 World Junior Championships. Zhang/Toth moved up to the senior level for the 2010–11 season and competed in the Grand Prix at Skate America, where they finished 7th, and Trophée Eric Bompard, where they finished 5th. They withdrew from the 2011 U.S. Championships due to Zhang's rib injuries. On March 10, 2011, Zhang and Toth announced they had parted ways. During their partnership, they were coached by Jeff DiGregorio in Newark, Delaware.",
"Partnership with Bartholomay. Zhang teamed up with Nathan Bartholomay by May 2011. They are coached by Jim Peterson and Lyndon Johnston at the Ice and Sports Complex in Ellenton, Florida. In their first season, they were eighth at the U.S. Championships. Zhang/Bartholomay won bronze at the 2013 U.S. Championships and were assigned to the 2013 Four Continents Championships where they placed fourth. In the 2013–14 season, Zhang/Bartholomay received two Grand Prix assignments, the 2013 Skate America and 2013 Cup of China, finishing 7th and 6th. After winning the silver medal at the 2014 U.S. Championships, ahead of Caydee Denney / John Coughlin, they were named in the U.S. team to the Olympics and listed as first alternates for the World Championships. Zhang/Bartholomay finished 12th at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. They were called up to replace the injured Denney/Coughlin at the 2014 World Championships. They announced the end of their partnership on July 16, 2014. Competitive highlights. \"GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\"\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Species of flowering plant\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:Taxobox/core/styles.css\" />\nFelicia alba is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to Namibia. Its habitat is sometimes degraded by livestock and agricultural crops, but its population is generally stable. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 7a987b7d-4618-407f-aba4-f400d076c2f6 | What is Bedřich Feigl's occupation? | Bedřich Feigl | [
"graphic designer"
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"Czech-Jewish painter, graphic designer and illustrator\nBedřich Feigl (also known as Friedrich Feigl; 6 March 1884 – 17 December 1965) was a Czech-Jewish painter, graphic designer and illustrator. Biography. Feigl studied at the Prague Academy of Fine Arts with Vlaho Bukovac and Franz Thiele. In 1906, he travelled through Europe with Emil Filla and Antonín Procházka. In Berlin he became familiar with the art of Max Liebermann. In 1907 he attended the first exhibition in Prague Group Eight. Feigl lived for a long time in Berlin and New York. He fled Prague in 1939 and settled in London, with his wife, where he died in 1965. His works are placed in galleries around the world. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Feigl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Feigl.",
"Bedřich or Bedrich is a masculine given name found in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Notable people with this name include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Austrian chemist (1891–1971)\nFritz Feigl (15 May 1891 – 23 January 1971) was a Jewish Austrian-born chemist. He taught at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Biography. Feigl was born and studied in Vienna, but owing to his military service in the First World War he had to interrupt his studies. He received his Ph.D. for work with Wilhelm Schlenk in 1920. After his habilitation in 1928 he became a professor at the University of Vienna. He was forced to retire after the Nazi occupation of Austria in 1938. Feigl was able to get to Belgium and work there. After the occupation of Belgium he was imprisoned in a concentration camp, but was able to reach Portugal and from there Brazil in 1940. He worked at the University of Rio de Janeiro and became a Brazilian citizen in 1944. Contributions. Fritz Feigl is the creator of \"spot analysis\" (spot test), a simple and efficient technique where analytic assays are executed in only one, or a few drops, of a chemical solution, preferably in a great piece of filter paper, without using any sophisticated instrumentation. A notable example he developed was a simple test to know if fishes eaten by Amazon population are contaminated by lead. Poor populations by the Amazon rivers were taught to easily use that technique to find out contaminated fishes and discharge them. On the occasion of Feigl's 70th birthday the Chemical Society of Midland sponsored a symposium in 1962, attended by 500 scientists from 24 countries, in which all plenary sessions were related on spot tests.",
"A less known contribution is the development of \"luminol\", a substance used by forensic investigators to detect the presence of blood, even if the scene has been washed and cleaned. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | e1fe9412-6c1c-4a1f-b358-9b8fddb37ad5 | What is Björn Böhning's occupation? | Björn Böhning | [
"politician",
"political leader",
"political figure",
"polit.",
"pol"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24477705 | 1 | {
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"German politician\nBjörn Böhning (born 2 June 1978) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who has been serving as State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs under the leadership of minister Hubertus Heil from 2018 to 2022. From 2004 to 2007 Böhning was the chairperson of the Young Socialists in the SPD (\"Jusos\"), the SPD's youth organization. Early life and educations. Böhning was born in Geldern and grew up in Lübeck. He studied political science at the Otto Suhr Institute (OSI) of the Free University of Berlin from 1999 until 2004. Political career. From 15 February 2008 Böhning served as spokesperson of the \"Forum Demokratische Linke 21\" of the SPD, a group of left-aligned politicians within the party; in 2014, he left the group. He unsuccessfully ran as candidate for the electoral district of Berlin-Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg – Prenzlauer Berg East in the 2009 national elections. From December 2011 Böhning served as Head of the Senate Chancellery of the Federal State of Berlin, first under Governing Mayor Klaus Wowereit (2011–2014) and later under Michael Müller (2014–2018). In the negotiations to form a \"Grand Coalition\" of Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the SPD following the 2013 German elections, he was part of the SPD delegation in the working group on digital policy, led by Dorothee Bär and Brigitte Zypries.",
"In the fourth coalition government of Chancellor Angela Merkel, Böhning has been serving as State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs under the leadership of minister Hubertus Heil since 2018. Personal life. Böhning has been married since 2008. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Böhning is a German-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"\"Leutnant\" Hans Böhning, Iron Cross, was a German World War flying ace credited with 17 aerial victories. He served the German Empire first as an artilleryman, then as an aerial observer for artillery, as a fighter pilot, and finally as the \"Staffelführer\" of a fighter squadron. He would survive the war and die in a gliding accident on 20 October 1934. Early life and ground service. Hans Böhning was born on 6 July 1893 in the Kingdom of Bavaria. Early in World War I, he served in Bavaria's Field Artillery Regiment No. 13. Aviation service. Böhning made the transition to aviation in 1916. He began his flying career with \"Feldflieger Abteilung\" (Field Flier Detachment) 290, which was an artillery cooperation unit, on 26 April 1917. He transferred from FA(A) 290 on 3 July 1917, to take training as a fighter pilot. He survived an accident on 17 July 1917. Upon completion of training, Böhning was transferred to Royal Prussian Jagdstaffel 36. He scored his first victory with them on 23 August 1917. He scored his fourth triumph with the unit on 27 October 1917. He was then transferred to Royal Bavarian Jagdstaffel 76 and scored his fifth win over opposing fighter planes on 1 December 1917. By February, 1918, he had transferred to another Bavarian squadron, Jagdstaffel 79. He now began his greatest string of victories while flying a Pfalz D.III with his initials painted aft of the cockpit.",
"He would upgrade to a newer Albatros D.Va with a fuselage ringed by blue and white stripes and decked by the ace of spades, its upper tail surfaces bearing both light and dark blue stripes. Between 22 March 1918 and 18 September, he tallied another dozen victories, including three over enemy observation balloons. On 20 September 1918, he was wounded while using a Fokker D.VII to fight British Airco DH.9s over Soriel. On 1 November 1918, he was selected to command Bavarian Jagdstaffel 32; the war ended 11 days after his appointment. He was awarded both classes of the Iron Cross during his service. Post war life. After the war, he took on sport aviation and gliding. He took part in the F.A.I. International Tourist Plane Contest - Challenge International de Tourisme 1930, taking the 34th position (for 35 classified competitors, of 60 starting ones). Hans Böhning was killed in a glider accident on 20 October 1934. Postwar tribute. During its restoration in 2013, Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome's airworthy reproduction Albatros D.Va was changed from Eduard Ritter von Schleich's color scheme to that of Böhning's, when he flew for Jasta 76, with its prominent \"Rautenflagge\" rhombus-patterned Bavarian light-blue/white checkerboard state colors for its rear fuselage. Sources of information. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "German politician\nBjörn Böhning (born 2 June 1978) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who has been serving as State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs under the leadership of minister Hubertus Heil from 2018 to 2022. From 2004 to 2007 Böhning was the chairperson of the Young Socialists in the SPD (\"Jusos\"), the SPD's youth organization. Early life and educations. Böhning was born in Geldern and grew up in Lübeck. He studied political science at the Otto Suhr Institute (OSI) of the Free University of Berlin from 1999 until 2004. Political career. From 15 February 2008 Böhning served as spokesperson of the \"Forum Demokratische Linke 21\" of the SPD, a group of left-aligned politicians within the party; in 2014, he left the group. He unsuccessfully ran as candidate for the electoral district of Berlin-Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg – Prenzlauer Berg East in the 2009 national elections. From December 2011 Böhning served as Head of the Senate Chancellery of the Federal State of Berlin, first under Governing Mayor Klaus Wowereit (2011–2014) and later under Michael Müller (2014–2018). In the negotiations to form a \"Grand Coalition\" of Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the SPD following the 2013 German elections, he was part of the SPD delegation in the working group on digital policy, led by Dorothee Bär and Brigitte Zypries.",
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popqa | 23a40595-4d16-4bae-a06d-90782f3c5d3d | What is Stanley Peiris's occupation? | Stanley Peiris | [
"composer"
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"Stanley Peiris (12 June 1941 – 13 October 2002) was a Sri Lankan musician and musical composer. Early life. Stanley Peiris was born in Kandy on 12 June 1941 and attended St. Anthony's College, Kandy. He learnt music at the Kandy M.G.C. institute and later joined the Sri Lanka Navy. He then formed a music group, Fortunes, which specialised in performing instrumental music, an innovative idea in the Sinhala pop scene. Music. His musical career spanned more than forty years and he produced over 700 albums and composed scores for about 6,600 songs. Some of his popular melodies include; Lata Walpola's \"Punsanda Eliyai\", Milton Mallawarachchi's \"Amaran Hengum\", Clarence Wijewardena's \"Duwa Ma Wage\", Gration Amanda's \"Tharu Yaye\" and Nirosha Virajini's \"Sigiri Geeyak Obe Hadawathe\". In 1981 he composed music for the film \"Saranga\" and then for films including \"Soora Saradiel\" and \"Baisikalaya\". Peiris was teaching at St. Anthony's College, Kandy, where Rookantha Gunathilake was one of his students. Peiris then formed Galaxy, with Gunathilake, Mahinda Bandara and Keerthi Pasqual. Peiris helped composer Dinesh Subasinghe at the beginning of his music career in 2000. He has also collaborated with Pandit W. D. Amaradeva. Death.",
"Peiris died from cancer on 13 October 2002, at his residence in Kandy. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Peiris, Peries or Pieris (Sinhalese: පීරිස්) is a surname attributed to the Sinhalese people of Sri Lanka. It is a common surname in the coastal regions of the island nation. The name originated from the Portuguese surname Peres, and was spread across Sri Lanka during Portugal's colonization of the country. It is related to the Spanish variant Pérez, and the Hebrew name Peretz common amongst Sephardic Jews. The name has been adapted into the Sinhalese language over time, hence the variation in its spelling. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Sri Lankan senior army general\nMajor General (retd) Milinda Peiris RWP RSP USP VSV LOM ndc psc was the Chief of Staff of the Sri Lanka Army. Major General Milinda served as Vice Chancellor (VC) of the General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University (KDU) from January 16, 2020 to August 2023 for second occasion. Milinda's previous tenure as Vice Chancellor of KDU from December 2008 to February 2016. Major General Peiris also commanded the 5th Regiment of the Sri Lanka Armoured Corps with distinction. Presently he serves as the CEO / Vice Chancellor at Saegis Campus, Sri Lanka. Other than that HE the President has appointed Major General Peiris as a member of the Advisory Council of the Institute of National Security Studies, Sri Lanka (INSSSL)\nEducation. Milinda received his education from Nalanda College, Colombo and was a Senior Cadet and Scout at school. Some of his contemporaries at Nalanda are Air Marshal Gagan Bulathsinghala, Major General Ubaya Madawela, Major General Janaka Walgama, Consultant Neurologist Udaya Ranawaka & former Sri Lanka test cricketer Sanath Kaluperuma. Sri Lanka Scout Association. Major General Milinda Peiris also served as the Chief Commissioner of Sri Lanka Scout Association. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Bernard Percival Peiris, OBE, JP (29 March 1908 – 18 January 1977) was a Sri Lankan lawyer. He was the former Cabinet Secretary and the Legal Draftsmen who drafted the \"Ceylon Order in Council\", the first constitution of independent Ceylon. Family. Born to a wealthy family in Panadura, his father was Gate Mudaliar Edmund Peiris and mother Somie Jayawickrama, daughter of Mudaliar C. F. S. Jayawickrama. He had three brothers and two sisters, of whom were S. W. Peiris an engineer who became General Manager of Government Electrical Undertakings and Glanville Peiris a diplomat who became Director-General External Affairs and was the former Ceylon's Ambassador to West Germany and Myanmar. He was married to Adeline, daughter of K.C.j. de Silva of Galle and had a daughter Kamala who married Dr Cecil Dharamarajah Chelliah. His nephew is Prof G. L. Peiris former Sri Lankan Cabinet Minister of External Affairs. Education. Educated at the Royal College, Colombo where he won the George Wille Prize for Greek prose, came second in Latin prose and was made a prefect. He entered the University College, Colombo before leaving for England. Entering University College, London and Lincoln's Inn, he pursued his legal studies. He graduated from the University of London with an LL.B. degree and was called to bar at the Lincoln's Inn on return of Ceylon he became an Advocate and began his practice in the unofficial bar. Public service."
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popqa | e523314a-995c-4a27-9ba1-0774e1f160bd | What is J. Da Silva's occupation? | J. Da Silva | [
"cricket umpire",
"umpire"
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"West Indian cricket umpire\nJ. Da Silva is a former West Indian cricket umpire. He stood in one Test match, West Indies vs. England, in 1948. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Brazilian footballer\nNino Da Silva (born May 26, 1979, in Santos, São Paulo) is a Brazilian former professional soccer player. Currently runs an elite youth soccer club in the Northwest Suburbs of Chicago. Early life. Nino was born in Brazil to Nilton Da Silva, a former professional indoor soccer player. Attended St. Viator Catholic High School in Arlington Heights, Illinois. Was teammates with Walter Payton's son Jarrett Payton, Eric Peterson, and John Valentino at St. Viator. Led St. Viator to a 3rd place State finish his senior year. A standout American high school soccer player, Nino was two-time National Player of the Year in 1996 and 1997. Acting. In 2005, Da Silva played the part of Eddie Souza in The Game of Their Lives, a movie about the U.S. victory over England in the 1950 FIFA World Cup. Honors. Youngest player at the time (17yrs. old) ever to sign a professional MLS contract. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Francisco da Silva is the name of:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Portuguese footballer\nAmérico Pereira da Silva (?–?) was a Portuguese footballer who played as a forward. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Bolivian-American artist (1935–2020)\nAlfredo Da Silva (February 20, 1935–January 26, 2020) was a painter, graphic artist, and photographer, known for his abstract expressionism. He came to international prominence in 1959 and remained so until his death in 2020. Biography. Alfredo Da Silva was born February 20, 1935, in Potosí, Bolivia. He studied firstly at the Academia de Bellas Artes de Potosí, and then subsequently at the Academia de Bellas Artes Prilidiano Pueyredon in Buenos Aires. Da Silva had his first solo exhibition, at the age of sixteen, at the Municipal Gallery in La Paz, and he continued to show his work in both group exhibitions and solo exhibitions throughout Bolivia during the 1950s. In 1958, he obtained his degree as teacher of drawing and painting. In 1960, Da Silva’s work came to the attention of José Gómez-Sicre, then chief of the Division of Visual Arts for the Organization of American States (OAS). In 1961, Gómez-Sicre invited Da Silva to present a solo exhibition at the gallery of the Pan American Union in Washington D.C., organized by the OAS. In 1962, he won a grant to study graphic Arts at the Pratt Institute of New York. On Sunday, January 26, 2020, Da Silva was struck and killed by a vehicle while crossing the street near his home in Alexandria, Virginia. Artistic career."
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popqa | d5fb047c-589f-428b-a708-ae2c6b69930d | What is Carsten Carlsen's occupation? | Carsten Carlsen | [
"composer",
"pianist"
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"Norwegian pianist and composer\nCarsten Marensius Carlsen (5 June 1892 – 28 August 1961) was a Norwegian pianist and composer. Biography. Carsten Marensius Carlsen was born in Oslo, Norway. His parents were Anton Carlsen (1862–1943) and Louise Larsen (1876–1957). In 1917, he married singer and actress Lalla Carlsen. He was educated at the Oslo Conservatory of Music from 1909 to 1913, where he studied with Gustav Fredrik Lange (1861–1939) and Per Winge (1858–1935). He was awarded a state composer scholarship to study in Paris from 1921 to 1923. He was appointed kapellmeister at the Chat Noir from 1914 to 1938. He worked at the National Theatre of Norway from 1938 to 1941 followed by the Carl Johan Theater from 1941 to 1945. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Carlsen is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning \"son of Carl\". The form Karlsen is cognate. The parallel Swedish forms are Carlsson and Karlsson. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"(Henrik) Kurt Carlsen (20 February 1914 – 7 October 1989) was a Danish-born sea-captain who became world-famous in January 1952 when he stayed on his sinking freighter, the \"Flying Enterprise\", for 13 days. It eventually sank less than from safe harbour at Falmouth, Cornwall in England, minutes after the Captain was forced to abandon ship. The endeavour was reported around the world, and Carlsen received a ticker-tape parade in New York City on January 17, 1952. A few months later Carlsen took command of the \"Flying Enterprise II\", passing up lucrative offers from Hollywood. It is now believed that the \"Flying Enterprise\" was hit not once but twice by a rogue wave thereby eventually sinking the freighter. Carlsen became a seaman at age 14 and master of his first ship at 22, in the service of the Danish-American company American Export-Isbrandtsen Lines. He was an amateur radio operator with callsign W2ZXM. Carlsen, and his ordeal aboard the \"Flying Enterprise\", is the subject of the book \"Simple Courage: a True Story of Peril on the Sea\" by Frank Delaney. Carlsen received the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Award, authorized by a special act of Congress. On January 10, 2012, the Captain Carlsen Park in Sewaren,(Woodbridge Township) NJ was rededicated to the heroic efforts of Captain Carlsen. A monument was installed at the park which was donated by Shipco Transport Inc. a New Jersey transportation services company.",
"A contingent of Danish visitors were present along with the Captain Carlsen's daughters. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American cyclist\nKirk R. Carlsen (born May 25, 1987, in Nashua, New Hampshire) is an American former professional cyclist, who competed professionally between 2010 and 2014. He previously rode for Garmin–Transitions. He grew up in New Hampshire, and among his best results include several European victories with the U.S. National Team, U.S. U23 National Champion in 2008, and best climber at the Redlands Classic in 2009. Before Garmin, Carlsen rode for Garmin's development program, the U.S. National Team, Rubicon, and Peerless Insurance Junior Cycling Team. Carlsen joined the Jelly Belly–Maxxis squad for the 2014 season, after his previous team – Bissell – folded at the end of the 2013 season. He retired after the 2014 season. Major results. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\n 1st Road race, National Under-23 Road Championships\n 1st GP Ost-Fenster\n 1st Mountains classification Redlands Classic\n 1st Points classification Le Tour des Pays de Savoie\n 10th Eschborn-Frankfurt City Loop U23\n 1st Overall Sea Otter Classic\n1st Stage 3\n 7th Overall Tour de Beauce\n 4th Overall Tour of the Gila\n 5th Overall Tour de Beauce\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | f78f8e3c-a0b8-4a3f-ba6c-75118e124a9b | What is Shiva Nageswara Rao's occupation? | Siva Nageswara Rao | [
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"motion picture director"
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"Indian film director and screenwriter\nSiva Nageswara Rao is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in Telugu cinema. He is especially known for his work in comedy films. His notable films include \"Money\" (1993), \"Money Money\" (1994), \"Lucky Chance\" (1994), \"Sisindri\" (1995), \"Pattukondi Chooddaam\" (1997), \"Hands Up!\" (2000), \"Dhanalakshmi, I Love You\" (2002), \"Mr & Mrs Sailaja Krishnamurthy\" (2004), \"Bhookailas\" (2007). Early life. Siva Nageswara Rao was born and brought up in Uppalapadu near Guntur. He was fascinated by films from childhood. He graduated from Hindu College in Guntur. Career. He went to Madras to join Telugu film industry in 1979 at the age of 23. He acted in films like \"Burripalem Bullodu\" and \"Sannayi Appanna\" as unofficial junior artist. He joined as an assistant director to Vijaya Nirmala and worked under her for the films \"Antham Kaadidi Aarambham\", \"Doctor Cine Actor\" (1982) etc.",
"Later he worked with V. Madhusudhana Rao for \"Jagannatha Ratha Chakraalu\", with Lenin Babu for \"Maro Kurukshetram\", with S. A. Chandrasekhar for \"Devanthakudu\" (1984), \"Balidaanam\", \"Intiko Rudramma.\" He then started working for Kranthi Kumar with \"Swathi\" (1984) and was a part of his direction team for six years. He met Ram Gopal Varma during the making of the film \"Rao Gaari Illu\" (1988) on which both Varma and Rao worked as assistant directors. While doing that film, Varma asked him to work as an assistant director in \"Siva\" (1989). Siva Nageswara Rao's debut film as a director was \"Money\" (1993) and was produced by Ram Gopal Varma. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Nageswara Rao or Nageshwara Rao is an Indian name and may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Prime Minister of Sandur\nSiva Rao (died 2 May 1840) was a member of the Ghorpade Dynasty who served as the ruler of Sandur from 1796 to 1817 and 1818 to 1840. In 1799, Siva Rao signed as treaty of Subsidiary Alliance with the East India Company. Reign. In 1796, the Raja of Sandur, Sidhoji Rao died at the age of thirteen. As he had died childless, the throne eventually passed on to Siva Rao, the son of Khande Rao, a distant relative of Sidhoji Rao. Siva Rao ascended the throne and in 1799, he signed a treaty of Subsidiary Alliance with the East India Company handing over the state's foreign affairs to the British and retaining internal autonomy. Sandur, thus, became a princely state associated with the Madras Presidency. In 1815, tensions flared up between Siva Rao and the Peshwa Baji Rao II when the latter attempted to invade Sandur in the guise of making a pilgrimage to the shrine of Kumaraswami in the princely state. Siva Rao had the Peshwa's soldiers stopped at the passes and allowed Baji Rao II to proceed to Kumaraswami Temple only with a minimal retinue. Enraged, the Peshwa appealed to the East India Company to intervene as per the provisions of the Treaty of Bassein. The Company promptly sent an ultimatum to Siva Rao who delivered the state willingly. Siva Rao was in return granted the jaghire of Hirehallu and eight other villages.",
"Sandur remained a British possession from 1815 till 1818, when they relented and returned Sandur to Siva Rao after the Peshwa turned hostile and fought the Third Anglo-Maratha War."
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"doc_chunk": "Indian film director and screenwriter\nSiva Nageswara Rao is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in Telugu cinema. He is especially known for his work in comedy films. His notable films include \"Money\" (1993), \"Money Money\" (1994), \"Lucky Chance\" (1994), \"Sisindri\" (1995), \"Pattukondi Chooddaam\" (1997), \"Hands Up!\" (2000), \"Dhanalakshmi, I Love You\" (2002), \"Mr & Mrs Sailaja Krishnamurthy\" (2004), \"Bhookailas\" (2007). Early life. Siva Nageswara Rao was born and brought up in Uppalapadu near Guntur. He was fascinated by films from childhood. He graduated from Hindu College in Guntur. Career. He went to Madras to join Telugu film industry in 1979 at the age of 23. He acted in films like \"Burripalem Bullodu\" and \"Sannayi Appanna\" as unofficial junior artist. He joined as an assistant director to Vijaya Nirmala and worked under her for the films \"Antham Kaadidi Aarambham\", \"Doctor Cine Actor\" (1982) etc.",
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popqa | 3eda1b15-51e0-40c8-be10-f4f137d38239 | What is Fritz Goos's occupation? | Fritz Goos | [
"astronomer",
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"German physicist and astronomer\nHermann Fritz Gustav Goos (11 January 1883 – 18 May 1968) was a German physicist and astronomer. Life and work. Goos attended the \"Johanneum\" \"Gymnasium\" in Hamburg, from where he graduated with a high school diploma in March 1902. Until April 1903 he then worked in the machine factory \"Wimmel & Landgraf\" in Hamburg. In October 1903 he began to study mathematics and science at the \"Königliche Technische Hochschule\" (now Technische Universität Berlin) in Berlin. In March 1905 he joined the University of Bonn in the summer semester to study astronomy and mathematics. In the following winter semester, he continued his studies in Berlin, but in April 1906 went back to Bonn, where he earned a doctorate degree in astronomy in 1908. After graduating, he became an assistant at Bonn Observatory, and in 1909 he became an assistant at the Hamburg Observatory. From 1911 he worked at the Physical State Institute (founded in 1885 as the Physical State Laboratory) in Hamburg, where he worked as an assistant professor (\"Wissenschaftlicher Rat\") until 1948. As an adjunct professor at the University of Hamburg, Goos worked in the area of optical spectroscopy. He investigated the emission and absorption properties of various objects such as the electric arc or thin metal layers (of metals such as silver and gold) in the optical, infrared and ultraviolet spectral ranges. At the end of 1912, he discovered a systematic dependence of the wavelengths in the spectrum of an arc on its length and its electrical parameters such as the current used.",
"In the spring of 1913, he was able to confirm these observations in the better-equipped laboratory of Heinrich Kayser in Bonn. Goos also investigated the effect of light on phosphors and worked on the detection of light by a microphotometer. One of Goos' best known works is the experimental evidence of displacement of a totally reflected light beam, work he did together with his doctoral student Hilda Hänchen (later Hilda Lindberg-Hänchen). This phenomenon is called the Goos-Hänchen effect. In 1933 Goos signed the \"Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Goos (; ) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. Its main source of income is tourism. Population. <templatestyles src=\"Module:Historical populations/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Belgian triathlete\nSofie Goos (born 6 May 1980 in Turnhout, Belgium) is a Belgian triathlete who is a member of the Uplace Pro Triathlon Team. Goos made her big break into the sport in 2008 with wins in Ibiza, Knokke, Mechelen and Kapelle o/d Bos. In 2009, Goos won numerous races, including the Barcelona Challenge and the Florida Ironman. In Belgium, she was victorious in the 70.3 Antwerp Ironman, and in Brasschaat, Geel, Bruges, Kapelle o/d Bos and Ypres. In 2010, she won long-distance races in Lisbon and Antwerp and the Olympic Distance triathlons of Geel, Bruges Brasschaat and Knokke. In 2008 and 2009, she was nominated for Female Belgian Athlete of the Year. Goos joined the Uplace Pro Triathlon Team in 2010, allowing her to become a full-time professional triathlete. She is also a member of the Antwerp ATRIAC club. Stabbing incident. Goos was stabbed without any reason on 15 May 2016 by an unknown man during training in Antwerp, forcing her to be treated in intensive care. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Goos is a commune in France. Goos may also refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title ."
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popqa | 71380afc-fd03-410f-a6e2-69ccd15f720c | What is Alexander Gadolin's occupation? | Alexander Gadolin | [
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"Alexander Wilhelm Gadolin (8 July 1868, in Borgå landskommun – 2 June 1939) was a Finnish legal scholar and politician. He was a member of the Diet of Finland in 1894 and from 1899 to 1906 and of the Parliament of Finland from 1913 to 1916, representing the Swedish People's Party of Finland (SFP). Alexander was born in Borga, Finland and he died on June 02 1939, Abo, Finland. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"The Gadolin family is a Finnish noble family, whose members held significant positions in the history of Finland. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Gadolin.",
"Finnish chemist (1760–1852)\nJohan Gadolin (5 June 1760 – 15 August 1852) was a Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist. Gadolin discovered a \"new earth\" containing the first rare-earth compound yttrium, which was later determined to be a chemical element. He is also considered the founder of Finnish chemistry research, as the second holder of the Chair of Chemistry at the Royal Academy of Turku (or \"Åbo Kungliga Akademi\"). Gadolin was ennobled for his achievements and awarded the Order of Saint Vladimir and the Order of Saint Anna. Early life and education. Johan Gadolin was born in Åbo (Finnish name Turku), Finland (then a part of Sweden). Johan was the son of Jakob Gadolin, professor of physics and theology at Åbo. Johan began to study mathematics at the Royal Academy of Turku (\"Åbo Kungliga Akademi\") when he was fifteen. Later he changed his major to chemistry, studying with Pehr Adrian Gadd, the first chair of chemistry at Åbo. In 1779 Gadolin moved to Uppsala University. In 1781, he published his dissertation \"Dissertatio chemica de analysi ferri\" (\"Chemical dissertation on the analysis of iron\"), under the direction of Torbern Bergman. Bergman founded an important research school, and many of his students, including Gadolin, Johan Gottlieb Gahn, and Carl Wilhelm Scheele, became close friends. Career.",
"Gadolin was fluent in Latin, Finnish, Russian, German, English and French in addition to his native Swedish. He was a candidate for the chair of chemistry at Uppsala in 1784, but Johann Afzelius was selected instead. Gadolin became an extraordinary professor at Åbo in 1785 (an unpaid position). Beginning in 1786, he made a chemical \"grand tour\" of Europe, visiting universities and mines in various countries. He worked with Lorenz Crell, editor of the journal \"Chemische Annalen\" in Germany, and with Adair Crawford and Richard Kirwan in Ireland. Gadolin was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1790. Gadolin became the ordinary professor of chemistry at the Royal Academy of Turku in 1797, after the death of Pehr Adrian Gadd. He retained the position until his retirement in 1822. He was one of the first chemists who gave laboratory exercises to students. He even allowed the students to use his private laboratory. Chemical achievements. Gadolin made contributions in a variety of areas. Although he never visited France, he became a proponent of Antoine Lavoisier's theory of combustion. Gadolin's \"Inledning till Chemien\" (1798) was the first chemistry textbook in the Nordic countries that questioned the theory of phlogiston and discussed the role of oxygen in combustion in a modern way. Studies of heat.",
"Gadolin studied the relationship of heat to chemical changes, in particular, the ability of different substances to absorb heat (specific heat) and the absorption of heat during state changes (latent heat). This thermochemical work required extremely precise measurements. Gadolin published important papers on specific heat by 1784, and on the latent heat of steam in 1791. He demonstrated that the heat of ice was equal to the heat of snow, and published a standard set of heat tables. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />The best series of experiments on the distribution of heat among different bodies was performed before the year 1784 by Professor Gadolin of Åbo, who, rejecting the notion of \"Capacity\", introduced the unexceptionable expression, \"Specific Heat\". One of the most beautiful consequences derived from this theory, was the determination of the absolute zero or lowest point in the scale of Heat. Yttrium, the first rare-earth element. Gadolin became famous for his description of the first rare-earth element, yttrium. In 1792 Gadolin received a sample of black, heavy mineral found in a quarry in a Swedish village Ytterby near Stockholm by Carl Axel Arrhenius. By careful experiments, Gadolin determined that approximately 38% of the sample was a previously unknown \"earth\", an oxide which was later named yttria."
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popqa | 66df9bc5-b665-4eaa-9a55-c43ca060ce1f | What is Kamya Panjabi's occupation? | Kamya Panjabi | [
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"Indian actress\nKamya Panjabi also known as Kamya Shalabh Dang is an Indian actress and politician who is known for her work in several Hindi television productions. She is also known for her participation in the Colors TV's reality show \"Bigg Boss Season 7\" in 2013. She joined the Indian National Congress party on 27 October 2021. Career. Panjabi became known for portraying negative roles in Indian television serials like \"Reth\", \n\"Astitva...Ek Prem Kahani\" and \"Banoo Mein Teri Dulhann\". Panjabi has also played positive roles in \"Piya Ka Ghar\", \"\" and \"Kyun Hota Hai Pyaar\". She was part of the second season of \"Comedy Circus\" comedy show on Sony TV and participated in \"Bigg Boss 7\" in Colors TV. In 1997, she featured in a music video called \"Mehndi Mehndi\", and was also part of the music video \"Kala Shah Kala\" by Anamika. Panjabi featured in minor roles in Bollywood films such as \"Kaho Naa Pyaar Hai\", \"Na Tum Jaano Na Hum, Yaadein, Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani\" and \"Koi Mil Gaya\" and the Telugu film \"Maa Aavida Meeda Ottu Mee Aavida Chala Manchidi\". In 2019, Panjabi made her theatre debut in the play \"Pajama Party\" with fellow television actress Kavita Kaushik. Personal life.",
"Panjabi was born on 13 August 1979. During her time in \"Bigg Boss 7\", Panjabi developed a close friendship with television actress Pratyusha Banerjee. Following Banerjee's suicide, Panjabi released a film based on her life and was sued by Banerjee's former boyfriend. Panjabi married Bunty Negi in 2003. She gave birth to her daughter Aara in 2009. They divorced in 2013. She dated television actor Karan Patel but they broke up in 2015. Panjabi married her boyfriend, a Delhi-based doctor Shalabh Dang, on 10 February 2020. Shalabh had a son from his previous marriage, Ishaan. Kamya and Shalabh are now parents to both Aara and Ishaan. Politics. Punjabi joined the Congress party on 27 October 2021. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ugandan film director (born 1974)\nCaroline Kamya (born 1974) is a British Ugandan film director and producer. Early life. Kamya was born and raised in Uganda, Kenya and the U.K.\nEducation. Kamya has a BSc in architecture and urban design and a MA in TV documentary from Goldsmiths College, London. Career. Kamya has won over 10 awards internationally and has worked in television in London before setting up a production house in Kampala, IVAD International. Kamya's debut feature film, \"Imani\" (2010), opened at the 2010 Berlin Film Festival, where it was nominated for Best First Feature. \"Chips and Liver Girls\", codirected with Danish director Boris Benjamin Bertram in 2010, was a short film about young Ugandan women and \"the men who pay for their studies\". The short film \"Fire Fly\" (2011) was shot in China. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ugandan physician and academic\nMoses R Kamya, is a Ugandan physician, academic, researcher and academic administrator, who serves as Professor and Chair of the Department Medicine, Makerere University School of Medicine, a component of Makerere University College of Health Sciences. Background and education. Kamya was admitted to Makerere University School of Medicine in 1980, graduating in 1985, with a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. In 1988, he returned to the institution to study for the Master of Medicine (MMed) program. He graduated in 1991 with an MMed in Internal Medicine. He also holds a Master of Public Health in Epidemiology, awarded in 1995, by the University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health. His PhD in Biomedical Sciences was awarded by the University of Antwerp in 2007. Career. Professor Kamya's research and teaching in infectious diseases spans a period in excess of 20 years. He specifically has special interest in the interaction between malaria and HIV/AIDS. He serves as Professor and Chair (Head) of the Department of Medicine at Makerere University College of Health Sciences. He is also a key researcher and case manager in AIDS care at Mulago National Referral Hospital, the teaching hospital of the university, and at the adjacent Makerere University Infectious Diseases Institute. His research spans HIV, malaria, tuberculosis, STDs. He trains medical students and residents in the design and execution of infectious diseases research. Among his many responsibilities, he also serves as editor of the Uganda antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinical guidelines. He is also the chair of the Uganda Ministry of Health adult ART management committee.",
"He has published widely in peer journals and has contributed to several books on the subject matter,\nResearcher. As an academic as well as a medical researcher, he has participated in research studies which has been published in respectable academic and scientific journals. Some of these among others include; \"Outcomes of cryptococcal meningitis in Uganda before and after the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy\". This study found significant cryptococcal meningitis associated mortality persists, despite the administration of amphotericin B and HIV therapy. \"Cost-effectiveness of serum cryptococcal antigen screening to prevent deaths among HIV-infected persons with a CD4+ cell count ≤100 cells/μL who start HIV therapy in resource-limited settings\". \"HIV testing and treatment with the use of a community health approach in rural Africa\". \"Predictors of long-term viral failure among Ugandan children and adults treated with antiretroviral therapy\". \"Malaria in Uganda: challenges to control on the long road to elimination: I. Epidemiology and current control efforts\". \"Dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine for the prevention of Malaria in pregnancy\". \"Estimating the annual entomological inoculation rate for Plasmodium falciparum transmitted by Anopheles gambiae s.l. using three sampling methods in three sites in Uganda\"."
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popqa | 6c15cc08-fa1a-44af-a4f4-6e527d830c3e | What is John Strange's occupation? | John Strange (diplomat) | [
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"English diplomat (1732–1799)\nJohn Strange (1732–1799) was an English diplomat and author. Biography. He was the second and only surviving son of Sir John Strange, by his wife Susan, eldest daughter of Edward Strong of Greenwich, born at Barnet in 1732. He was educated privately and at Clare Hall, Cambridge where he was admitted a fellow-commoner in 1751; he graduated M.A. in 1755. On his father's death he saw through the press the volume of \"Reports\" published in 1755. He was left very well off, and on leaving Cambridge travelled extensively in the south of France and Italy. Developing a taste for science and archaeology, Strange was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on 10 April, and admitted to the Royal Society on 24 April 1766. Shortly afterwards he was elected F.S.A., and as the result of a summer spent in South Wales in 1768, he contributed to the first number of the \"Archæologia\" \"An Account of Roman Remains in and near the City of Brecknock\". In 1771 he made an archaeological tour in the north of Italy. At Padua he formed the acquaintance of Alberto Fortis, who had recently returned from an exploration of Zara, Spalato, and other towns upon the Dalmatian coast. In November 1773 he was appointed British resident at Venice, where his official duties left leisure for the pursuit of his antiquarian studies. He resigned his diplomatic post in 1788, and settled at Ridge, near Barnet.",
"But he paid several further visits to Italy in connection with the transportation of the collections that he had formed there, of books, manuscripts, antiquities, and pictures, chiefly by Bellini and other Venetian masters. On 4 July 1793 he was created an honorary D.C.L. at Oxford. He died at Ridge on 19 March 1799. Works. From information supplied by Alberto Fortis, Strange made communications to the Society of Antiquaries upon the Roman inscriptions and antiquities of Dalmatia and Istria, an area then little known in Western Europe. In addition to further communications to the \"Archæologia,\" Strange contributed a number of papers to the \"Philosophical Transactions\", including \"An Account of the Origin of Natural Paper found near Cortona in Tuscany\" (vol. lix.). This was translated into Italian, and considerably expanded in \"Lettera sopra l'origine della carta naturale di Cortona\" (Pisa, 1764, and again, enlarged, 1765); \"An Account of some Specimens of Sponges from Italy\" (March 1770, lx. 177, with several plates from his drawings). This appeared in Italian as \"Lettera del Signor Giovanni Strange, contenente la descrizione di alcune spugne\" (ap. Olivi, Zoologica Adriatica, 1792, 4to); \"An Account of a Curious Giant's Causeway newly discovered in the Euganean Hills, near Padua\" (1775, lxv.",
"4, 418); an Italian version appeared at Milan, 1778, 4to; and \"An Account of the Tides in the Adriatic\" (vol. lxvii.). Several of his papers were also printed in the \"Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze\" (1778, &c.); and his geological papers appeared in Weber's \"Mineralogische Beschreibungen\" (Berne, 1792). Legacy. By his will, Strange directed all of his collections to be sold—the pictures by private contract; the prints, drawings, busts, coins, medals, bronzes, and antiquities by Christie's; the natural history cabinets by King, and the library by Leigh & Sotheby's. The sale of the library alone occupied 29 days in March and April 1801. A catalogue was compiled by Samuel Paterson (Dibdin, \"Bibliomania\", p. 590). Family. About 1760 Strange married Sarah, daughter of Davidge Gould of Sharpham Park, Somerset, and sister of Sir Henry Gould the younger; she died at Venice in April 1783. They seem to have had no children. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"John Strange may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"British ambassador and academic administrator (1936–2019)\nSir John Dixon Iklé Boyd (17 January 1936 – 18 October 2019) was a British ambassador and academic administrator. He was British ambassador to Japan from 1992 to 1996, and subsequently the Master of Churchill College, Cambridge from 1996 to 2006. Early life and education. Boyd was born on 17 January 1936 to James Dixon Boyd and Amélie (née Lowenthal). His father would go on to be became Professor of Anatomy at the University of Cambridge. He was educated at Westminster School, an all-boys public school in central London. He attended Clare College, Cambridge, where he initially read medicine before moving to modern languages. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. He was then awarded a postgraduate scholarship to study in the United States, and attended Yale University to undertake foreign area studies and to study Mandarin. He graduated with a Master of Arts (MA) degree in 1962. Career. Diplomatic career. Boyd was a member of the Her Majesty's Diplomatic Service from 1962 to 1996. He served twice in Hong Kong (on the second occasion as Political Adviser to the Governor) and Beijing twice. Other postings included Bonn, Washington, and the UK Mission to the UN. At home he served as Deputy Under-Secretary for Defence and subsequently Chief Clerk of the FCO before his posting to Japan. His tenure in Tokyo saw a marked expansion in bilateral exchanges on a wide front. He holds the\nGrand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun. Other roles. Boyd was Master of Churchill College, Cambridge from 1996 to 2006."
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popqa | d7d68e34-2f36-4a12-88d5-6162f8495d32 | What is Everley Gregg's occupation? | Everley Gregg | [
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"English actress (1903–1959)\nEverley Gregg (26 October 1903, in Bishopstoke, Hampshire – 9 June 1959, in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire) was an English actress. Early in her career, she became associated especially with plays of Noël Coward. She began making films in the 1930s and added television roles in her last decade; she acted until her last year. Life and career. Gregg was the daughter of Richard Russell Gregg and his wife Gertrude Everley, \"née\" Pope. She was educated at Badminton School, Bristol, and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She made her professional stage debut as the maid in Noël Coward's \"Easy Virtue\" at the Duke of York's Theatre, London. Engagements in minor parts followed in \"The Constant Nymph,\" tours in \"Easy Virtue\" and \"Hit the Deck,\" and a repertory season at the Alexandra Theatre, Birmingham. In the West End in 1929, she succeeded Phyllis Konstam as Val Power in \"The Matriarch\". Her association with the plays of Coward was renewed at the Phoenix Theatre in September 1930 when she played Louise in \"Private Lives\".",
"Her West End roles in the early 1930s were Mrs. Agnew in \"Five Farthings\" (1931), the telephone girl in \"Grand Hotel\" (1931), Georgina in \"Stepdaughters of War,\" Ruth in \"Dance With No Music\" (1932), Mrs. Gilbard in \"Behold, We Live \" (1933), Susanne in \"Love For Sale\", and Miss Goslett in Coward's \"Conversation Piece\" (1934). In January 1935, Gregg made her first appearance on the New York stage at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre as Hilda James in Coward's \"Point Valaine\". After returning to London, she played seven parts in Coward's \"Tonight at 8.30\" cycle of short plays. Later roles included Miss Prism in \"The Importance of Being Earnest,\" Freda Caplan in \"Dangerous Corner\", and Grace Torrence in Coward's \"Design for Living\". Gregg made her film debut in the 1933 film \"The Private Life of Henry VIII\" as Catherine Parr, Henry's last wife. A small part as a nurse in David Lean's 1942 film \"In Which We Serve\" was followed by a more substantial role in Lean's \"Brief Encounter\" (1945) as \"Dolly Messiter\", the \"gossiping acquaintance\" of Laura Jesson, played by Celia Johnson, in which Gregg had appeared in the earlier stage version of the piece \"Still Life\" in \"Tonight at 8.30\".",
"In the 1950s Gregg appeared on BBC television in a range of productions from a dramatisation of \"Tess of the D'Urbervilles\" in 1952 (as Mrs Durbeyfield) to mysteries such as \"My Guess Would be Murder\" (1957), comedies including \"Haul for the Shore\" (1956), historical drama such as \"The Scarlet Pimpernel\" (1955), and contemporary drama including \"Let us be True\" (1953). Gregg's marriage to David Homan was dissolved. Filmography. In addition to her stage and television roles, Gregg appeared in more than fifty films:\n<templatestyles src=\"Col-begin/styles.css\"/>\nSource: British Film Institute. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Civil parish in North Yorkshire, England\nSuffield-cum-Everley is a civil parish in the Scarborough \ndistrict of North Yorkshire, England. According to the 2011 UK census, the parish (including Silpho) had a population of 241, an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 61. The parish council is Hackness & Harwood Dale Group Parish Council which covers the six parishes of Broxa-cum-Troutsdale, Darncombe-cum-Langdale End, Hackness, Harwood Dale, Silpho and Suffield-cum-Everley. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons",
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popqa | 1eecd927-ec6a-4f73-b208-1cf87dddaffa | What is Meg McCall's occupation? | Meg McCall | [
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"Canadian politician\nMargaret \"Meg\" Sutherland McCall was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Klondike in the Yukon Legislative Assembly from 1978 to 1982. She was a member of the Yukon Progressive Conservative Party. She defeated Yukon New Democratic Party leader Fred Berger and independent candidate Eleanor Millard in the 1978 territorial election. She died of cancer in 1997. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Name list\nMeg is a feminine given name, often a short form of Margaret, Megan, Megumi (Japanese), etc. It may refer to:\nFictional characters. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
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"Comic strip\nMeg! (with the exclamation mark) is a comic strip by Greg Curfman and distributed by United Feature Syndicate. The main characters are Meg, an elementary-age soccer player, her little brother Mike (victim of Meg's pranks), their parents, and Meg's friend Ashley. Curfman based much on the series on himself and his family. Publication history. Meg! entered syndication through United Features on March 3, 1997, running until June 24, 2001. It then was in reruns on GoComics until August 16, 2020. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"McCall is a Gaelic surname, of Irish and Scottish origin. Notable people with this surname include:\nFictional characters include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname McCall."
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popqa | 20d6d164-7b97-4160-83a3-a333f657364b | What is Todd Verow's occupation? | Todd Verow | [
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"American film director (born 1966)\nTodd Verow (born November 11, 1966) is an American film director who resides in New York City. He attended the Rhode Island School of Design and the AFI Conservatory. With his creative partner James Derek Dwyer, he formed Bangor Films in 1995. He was also the cinematographer for Jon Moritsugu's film \"Terminal USA\" (1993). He has been called a veteran of the New Queer Cinema. His numerous productions on digital video have led to his being called \"once and future king of DV\" by \"Film Threat\". He is openly gay. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Verow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"American politician (1942–2019)\nArthur C. \"Archie\" Verow (March 14, 1942 – December 19, 2019) was an American politician from Maine. Verow was born in Old Town, Maine. He graduated from Husson University in 1966. A Democrat, Verow served in the Maine House of Representatives since 2019, representing the 128th district. He previously served in the Maine House of Representatives from 2013 until 2017. He served as the mayor of Brewer, Maine. Verow died on December 19, 2019, after a heart attack, while still in office. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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