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popqa | 988d764d-5cb4-4063-9841-b2a10498f8d8 | What is Kyaw Swe's occupation? | Kyaw Swe (actor) | [
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"Burmese actor and film director\nKyaw Swe (, ; 10 February 1924 – 15 August 1982) was a Burmese actor and film director. Biography. Kyaw Swe was born Maw Ni in 1924 in Yangon to U Ba Nit and Daw Ohn Sein. He attended the St. John's High School, and during World War II he was chief of law in Bago. He joined BDA during the war. He entered into film around 1945. He became a film actor, changing his name to Kyaw Swe, and appeared in the film \"Saw Ya San Sha\", a silent film, directed by Ba Shin. It was produced by the British-Burma Film company (later, \"Nyunt Myanmar\" ). He moved to the \"A-One Film Company\" and he starred in the films of \"Bogyoke\", \"Ta Thwe Ta Mya\", and \"Ahtauttaw\" and \"Chit Ye Baw\" directed by Chin Sein (Shwe Nyar Maung). He also starred in \"Bo Aung Din\" and \"Thar Bo Aung Din\" directed by Shwe Don Bi Aung, \"The Hsaung Hayman\" directed by Thukha, \"Phyay Yort Khway\" directed by Chit Khin, \"Min Aung Min Naung\" directed by Aung Gyi and \"Hpuza Nit Khine\" directed by Hla Oo (Lu-Gyan Hla Maung Lay) for the British Burma Company.",
"In 1961, he went to Japan to study film-making. He established his own film company. His first directed film was \"Pale Myetyay (Pearl Tear)” and he starred in that film, with actress Khin Yu May, a war film. He also directed \"Chit Myitta, \"Ma chu tar the\", \"The myat tar lane\", \"Sane\". Between 1945 and 1982, he regularly worked as both a director and an actor. His last film is \"Mwe Mwe chin Che Myin\". He died on 15 August 1982. He was survived by his wife, Nwe Nwe, and five children. Filmography. ิิิ่*Kya-nor Ne Ko Ba Kyaw\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Kyaw Swe is a Burmese name and may mean:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Kyaw Tint Swe (; born 19 March 1945) is a Burmese politician and former Minister for the Office of the State Counsellor of Myanmar. Career. Kyaw Tint Swe joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1968 and served in various positions in the embassies of Myanmar in Israel, Malaysia, Germany, Thailand and Japan. From 1990 to 1993, and from 1997 to 2001, he served as Secretary of Myanmar’s National Commission for Environmental Affairs. He also served as Chairman of the Senior Officials for the Environment for the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN),\nFrom 2001 to 2010, he served as the Ambassador of Myanmar to the United Nations. He also served as Vice-Chairman of the Myanmar National Human Rights Commission from 2011 to 2013. In 2013, he worked closely with Aung San Suu Kyi on the Letpadaung Copper Mine Investigation Commission. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Burmese politician\nLt. General Kyaw Swe (, ) is the former Minister of Home Affairs of Myanmar, in office from 2016 to 2020. Previously, he served as Commander of South-west Command in Pathein, Ayeyarwady Region. Early life and education. Kyaw Swe was born on 27 November 1959 to Mya Soe and Daw Kyi in Thepyintaw, Kyaukpadaung Township, Mandalay Division (now Mandalay Region, Myanmar). Controversy. In 2017, after the assassination of Ko Ni, a prominent constitutional lawyer and Burmese Muslim, allegations emerged that Kyaw Swe had orchestrated the killing. The assistant secretary of the Home Affairs Ministry, Maung Maung Myint, issued a statement on 1 February 2017, denying the allegations as \"rumors.\" Kyaw Swe was also named as the military officer who fabricated charges against Saffron Revolution leader U Gambira on 19 January 2016. The Human Rights Council Working Group on Arbitrary Detention confirmed in their report (Opinion No. 33/2016) that U Gambira's arrest and subsequent conviction to be Deprivation of Liberty. The deprivation of liberty of Mr. Gambira was arbitrary, being in “Contravention with Articles 10 and 13 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)”; it falls within category II of the categories applicable to the consideration of the cases submitted to the Working Group. To date, the Myanmar government have not addressed any of The Human Rights Council's recommendations, and have denied all findings. Personal life."
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popqa | c45d06c7-db3c-427a-bdb3-a2d96cc14f19 | What is Edwin H. Knopf's occupation? | Edwin H. Knopf | [
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"American film director, producer and screenwriter (1899–1981)\nEdwin H. Knopf (November 11, 1899 – December 27, 1981) was an American film producer, film director, and screenwriter. Biography. He was born in New York City and went to work early in his life in the editorial department of his brother Alfred A. Knopf's publishing business. After trying his hand at acting, Edwin turned to producing in 1928. Soon after being involved in several hit plays, he moved to Hollywood and found work as a director and screenwriter. Among his films as a director was \"Paramount on Parade\" (1930). As a producer, he was involved in the making of such films as \"B.F.'s Daughter\" (1948), \"Malaya\" (1949), \"The Law and the Lady\" (producer and director, 1951), \"Lili\" (1953), and \"The Glass Slipper\" (1955). Sketches of Edwin's early life in Italy are included in the book he wrote with his wife Mildred O. Knopf, \"The Food of Italy and How To Prepare It\" (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Edwin H. McConkey is an American biologist. As of 2004[ [update]], he is a professor emeritus at the department for Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology at the University of Colorado at Boulder, Colorado. His contributions to taxonomy include the original description the northern subspecies of mole skink, \"Plestiodon egregius similis\".",
"American vertebrate paleontologist (1905–2001)\nEdwin Harris \"Ned\" Colbert (September 28, 1905 – November 15, 2001) was a distinguished American vertebrate paleontologist and prolific researcher and author. Born in Clarinda, Iowa, he grew up in Maryville, Missouri and graduated from Maryville High School. He received his A.B. from the University of Nebraska, then his Masters and Ph.D. from Columbia University, finishing in 1935. He married Margaret Matthew, daughter of the eminent paleontologist William Diller Matthew, in 1933. She became a noted artist, illustrator, and sculptor who specialized in visualizing extinct species. Among the positions Colbert held was Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology at the American Museum of Natural History for 40 years, and Professor Emeritus of Vertebrate Paleontology at Columbia University. He was a protégé of Henry Fairfield Osborn, and a foremost authority on the Dinosauria. For his thesis, \"Siwalik Mammals in the American Museum of Natural History\", Colbert was awarded the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal from the National Academy of Sciences in 1935. He described dozens of new taxa and authored major systematic reviews, including the discovery of more than a dozen complete skeletons of a primitive small Triassic dinosaur, \"Coelophysis\" at Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, in 1947 (one of the largest concentrations of dinosaur deposits ever recorded), publication of their description, and a review of ceratopsian phylogeny.",
"His fieldwork in Antarctica in 1969 helped solidify the acceptance of continental drift with the discovery of a 220-million-year-old fossil of a \"Lystrosaurus\". He was also the first person to name the \"Staurikosaurus\". His popularity and his textbooks on dinosaurs, paleontology, and stratigraphy (with Marshall Kay) introduced a new generation of scientists and amateur enthusiasts to the subject. He was the recipient of numerous prizes and awards commemorating his many achievements in the field of science. He retired from the AMNH in 1970 and became a curator of vertebrate paleontology at the Museum of Northern Arizona in Flagstaff, Arizona. He died at his home in Flagstaff in 2001. Early life. Colbert was born on September 28, 1905 in Clarinda, Iowa to Mary Adamson Colbert and George Harris Colbert, the youngest of their three sons. His father was a school superintendent in Page County, Iowa before being appointed as a mathematics professor at the newly established Northwest Missouri State University in 1906. Colbert grew up in Maryville, Missouri, where he worked as a paperboy and reporter for the town's \"Democrat-Forum\" newspaper. He also participated in the Boy Scouts, and became interested in fossils at an early age, collecting shells and corals from nearby creeks. Early education. Colbert attended Maryville High School and graduated in 1923. After graduating, he briefly attended Northwest Missouri State University, but was disinterested in the school's teacher-training program.",
"In the summers, he worked for the United States Forest Service, building trails at Arapho National Forest. While visiting his brother Phil, an engineer at the University of Nebraska, Colbert visited the University of Nebraska State Museum, which sparked his interest in paleontology and geology. After an interview with Erwin Barbour, the museum's director, Colbert transferred to the University of Nebraska in the fall of 1926, also taking on an assistantship at the museum. Paleontology and AMNH work. Colbert went on his first paleontological expedition with the University of Nebraska State Museum in 1928, where he collected Miocene fossil mammals in Nebraska. In 1928, Colbert graduated from the University of Nebraska with his bachelor's degree. After being rejected from graduate programs at the University of California, Berkeley and Yale University, he moved to New York City in 1929 to begin studying at Columbia University. Through Columbia's paleontology program, Colbert worked at the American Museum of Natural History. He studied under William King Gregory, and worked as a research assistant for Henry Fairfield Osborn until Osborn's death in 1935. As Osborn's protégé, he studied the evolution of elephants, focusing on their teeth. Colbert expanded his research focus in his Ph.D. thesis to include antelopes, pigs, and giraffes that had been collected from the Sivalik Hills by Barnum Brown. He completed his Ph.D. in 1935, and received the Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal for his work."
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popqa | 93d2366a-c962-48d0-a1f1-af84f4dc50cf | What is Tatiana Doronina's occupation? | Tatiana Doronina | [
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"Soviet/Russian actress\nTatiana (Tatyana) Vasilyevna Doronina (; born 12 September 1933) is a popular Soviet/Russian actress who has performed in movies and the theater. She is generally regarded as one of the most talented actresses of her generation and was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1981. Biography. Doronina was born in Leningrad, USSR (now present-day St. Petersburg Russia) After graduating the MKhAT school in Moscow, she returned to Leningrad and joined the Bolshoi Drama Theatre directed by Georgy Tovstonogov. After moving to Moscow, Doronina worked at the Mayakovsky Theater and then at MKhAT. Her major roles were Arkadina in The Seagull by Chekhov, Dulcinea del Toboso in a play by Alexander Volodin, Queen Elizabeth of England and Mary Stuart in \"Vivat Regina\". The films she starred in, though few, are now considered Soviet classics. Many directors at the time believed she was too theatrical for film and refused to hire her. Georgy Natanson reversed that judgment by giving her the lead parts in Older Sister and Once More About Love. Both films had a significant success and made Doronina a noteworthy film star. Young women in the Soviet Union imitated her bouffant hair-do and her manner of speaking, and fans queued up for hours to get tickets. For her role for Once More about Love in which she played a flight attendant, she earned the Best Soviet Actress title in 1968 from the Soviet Screen.",
"\"Doronina's profoundly romantic heroines could sacrifice everything for love. She rendered the love theme the way no actress did. In almost every of her films she would sing a song, which in her presentation turned into a small drama\", says Russian Cultural Navigator. In Three Poplars in Plyushcikha she plays a plain country woman who, although married, has never experienced love and puts the anguish tormenting her heart into a song called \"Tenderness”. At present Doronina is artistic director of the Gorky MKhAT, a job she accepted when MKhAT split into two independent troupes. Her former husbands include Edvard Radzinsky, a popular Russian writer and historian, and actors Oleg Basilashvili and Boris Khimichev. Selected filmography. Movies\nTeleplays \nDocumentaries\nVoicing \nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Russian bobsledder\nElena Doronina (born 14 August 1981) is a Russian bobsledder who has competed since 2004. She finished ninth in the two-woman event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Doronina's best finish at the FIBT World Championships was 15th in the two-woman event at St. Moritz in 2007.",
"Russian figure skater\nKsenia Sergeyevna Doronina (; born 20 October 1990 in Moscow) is a Russian figure skater, and two-time (2007 & 2008) Russian Champion. She competed for two seasons on the Junior Grand Prix circuit. Doronina missed the 2008–09 season due to mononucleosis. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Tatiana (or Tatianna, also romanized as Tatyana, Tatjana, Tatijana, etc.) is a female name of Sabine-Roman origin that became widespread in Eastern Europe. Origin. Tatiana is a feminine, diminutive derivative of the Sabine—and later Latin—name Tatius. King Titus Tatius was the name of a legendary ruler of the Sabines, an Italic tribe living near Rome around the 8th century BC. After the Romans absorbed the Sabines, the name Tatius remained in use in the Roman world, into the first centuries of Christianity, as well as the masculine diminutive Tatianus and its feminine counterpart, Tatiana. While the name later disappeared from Western Europe including Italy, it remained prevalent in the Hellenic world of the Eastern Roman Empire, and later spread to the Byzantine-influenced Orthodox world, including Russia. In that context, it originally honoured the church Saint Tatiana, who was tortured and martyred in the persecutions of the Roman Emperor Alexander Severus, c. 230 CE. St. Tatiana is patron saint of students in general and in Russia, students are celebrated on Tatiana Day, 25 January. St. Tatiana is also the patron saint of Moscow State University. In popular culture. Tatiana Larina is the heroine of Alexander Pushkin's verse novel \"Eugene Onegin\". The poem was and continues to be extremely popular in Russia. The character of Tatiana Larina inspired the names of two Romanovs: Princess Tatiana Constantinovna of Russia and her distant cousin Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia. References."
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popqa | 88642e64-82a7-4ca3-b5a2-28d3c2863d4d | What is Marina Baker's occupation? | Marina Baker | [
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"British politician, writer, actor and former model\nMarina Augusta Pepper (\"née\" Baker; born 8 December 1967[]) is an English Liberal Democrat local politician, journalist, children's book author and former model and actress. She was \"Playboy\"'s Playmate of the Month for March 1987. Early life. Born in Windsor, Berkshire, and originally from Taplow, Buckinghamshire, she and her older brother Martin \"moved around a lot\" until they reached Norfolk. She had an unconventional, hippie, nomadic upbringing in the rural environs of Norfolk, as well as different parts of the Midlands and the Southeast. By her own account, her family \"thought we were getting a new-built home, but it wasn't ready, and my mother, being as practical as ever, said: 'Well, we are homeless, so we are travellers until we are housed'. I remember trees, bushes and grass and a toilet in a shed. There was this enormous chrome caravan with those sort of lacy doily things in the window, and my birthday party in a tent, playing pass the parcel in the pouring rain. Rain is still my favourite weather\". As a girl, her dreams were to become a dancer and prime minister, because she \"liked the idea of being in charge\". Baker travelled widely as a teenager spending three years visiting France, Corsica, Italy, Greece and Switzerland, before ending up on Cape Clear, an island off the southern tip of Ireland, \"because there was a ferry leaving to go there\".",
"She trained as a dancer at Bush Davies ballet school and left with six O-levels, but later abandoned A-levels in Drama, English and History at Norwich City Tech for London. Her initial career ambition was politics, inspired by her mother's environmental activism as well as her relationship with PR boss Matthew Freud, son of the ex-Liberal MP Clement Freud, whom she met while working as a waitress in London. She said: \"I got into it when I was 18. My boyfriend’s father was Clement Freud, and I used to help out. I loved it. Nicholas Parsons would be there stuffing envelopes, and I'd be out chatting to people... It really suited me knocking on doors going \"Hello! How are you? How are things for you? Is your MP helpful? What could be better round here? Oh, I see what you mean ... Terrible state of the roads\". To supplement her modest income, Baker began glamour modeling as a \"Page 3\" girl at age 17 before she was discovered by noted erotic photographer Byron Newman. When asked about what influenced her decision, she answered, \"I really didn't have any problems about my body. It wasn't ever an ambition. It was just one of those things—if you are a certain height with a certain look and a certain pneumatic silhouette—sooner or later in that sort of company it's a bit inevitable really\". She claimed that her comfort with posing nude was due to the liberating influence of her mother, Margaret Ayrton, a Witch.",
"She said \"I suppose being brought up by hippies as parents, I had absolutely no problem being naked. The problems I had were actually wrestling with the whole sort of feminist thing. I tried to justify it to myself that there were loads of jobs that I thought were equally demeaning because they had such a low wage. When I waitressed, my take home pay was what I could earn in two hours modelling\". She attributes her buxom figure to a combination of rigorous ballet-training and having Irish and Welsh ancestry. \"Playboy\" Playmate. Baker was first approached to pose for \"Penthouse\" but turned them down and did her Playmate shoot in 1986 when she was 18. When the March 1987 issue of \"Playboy\" was released to newsstands she had only recently turned 19. In 1995 Baker wrote a lengthy article about her experiences as a Playmate for the London edition of \"Time Out\" magazine. Acting, journalism and writing career. Baker has appeared in two films: the 1987 TV movie \"Casanova\", starring Richard Chamberlain, and the 1990 short film \"Man from China\". She also acted in the musical \"Forever Elvis\" (in the role of Priscilla Beaulieu Presley), and played Nina in a stage production of Chekov's \"The Seagull\". By this time, she got involved in fighting chemical factories, ran a campsite with a cafe, worked on a goat farm, looked after a child and ran a community theatre.",
"Following the death of a boyfriend she retired from acting and modeling while still in her early twenties and for a brief time went back to waitressing in England. Back home, she decided to further her education and completed a BA (Hons) in journalism from the London College of Printing and an MA in dramatic writing from the University of Sussex. She ended up doing work experience at the \"News of the World\", before joining the London \"Evening Standard\". During the 1990s, Baker worked extensively as a journalist, most often for \n\"The Independent\", \"The Telegraph\" and \"The Guardian\" newspapers, as well as \"Punch\", and \"Junior Magazine\" in the United Kingdom. She is known today as a practising Wiccan and author of several children's books on Witchcraft, including \"Spells for the Witch in You\"; \"Spells for Teenage Witches: Get Your Way with Magical Power\"; \"Marina Baker's Teenage Survival Guide\"; and \"Spells for Cats\" (the last was published under the name Daisy Pepper). In 2001, she worked as a magic consultant for a BBC documentary about the Harry Potter books. Political career. Baker is active in local politics in the Lewes area of England, now working under her married name of Marina Pepper. In 2006, she chaired the Lewes district council, where she represented the coastal communities of East Saltdean and Telscombe Cliffs, just five miles east of the cosmopolitan hub of Brighton in Sussex. She lost her seat on 3 May 2007 when she was defeated for re-election by the Conservatives.",
"She has also served as the mayoress of Telscombe and at the 2005 general election she stood for Parliament in the Brighton Kemptown constituency as a Liberal Democrat, but was unsuccessful. She has been quoted as saying, somewhat facetiously, \"I'm not sure Page Three girls can become MPs\". Baker is active in a number of local environmentalist programs such as the Saltdean \"walking bus\", which accompanies a line of children to school, reducing the number of cars on the road and giving the children \"a good bit of exercise\" before school. She has also set up a community recycling scheme for a local preschool and ran eco-fairs to help promote understanding of sustainable living. As a member of the Telscombe town council, she takes an active role in REGEN—part of the Local Strategic Partnership—where she organises projects to promote social economic and environmental well-being in the towns of Peacehaven, Telscombe and East Saltdean. She organises regular REGEN events in the community, including \"The Circle\", a sustainability fair which has run in conjunction with Telscombe's Town fair, RANDOMfreeFEST—a youth festival in Peacehaven—and \"Cool Yule\", a seasonal market held at the beginning of the Christmas shopping season, promoting local food and gifts. Marina also appeared in the 2011 documentary \"Just Do It\" on environmental activism. In July 2013, she was arrested by police for obstruction when she joined a protest against fracking in Balcombe in West Sussex. References."
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"doc_chunk": "She said \"I suppose being brought up by hippies as parents, I had absolutely no problem being naked. The problems I had were actually wrestling with the whole sort of feminist thing. I tried to justify it to myself that there were loads of jobs that I thought were equally demeaning because they had such a low wage. When I waitressed, my take home pay was what I could earn in two hours modelling\". She attributes her buxom figure to a combination of rigorous ballet-training and having Irish and Welsh ancestry. \"Playboy\" Playmate. Baker was first approached to pose for \"Penthouse\" but turned them down and did her Playmate shoot in 1986 when she was 18. When the March 1987 issue of \"Playboy\" was released to newsstands she had only recently turned 19. In 1995 Baker wrote a lengthy article about her experiences as a Playmate for the London edition of \"Time Out\" magazine. Acting, journalism and writing career. Baker has appeared in two films: the 1987 TV movie \"Casanova\", starring Richard Chamberlain, and the 1990 short film \"Man from China\". She also acted in the musical \"Forever Elvis\" (in the role of Priscilla Beaulieu Presley), and played Nina in a stage production of Chekov's \"The Seagull\". By this time, she got involved in fighting chemical factories, ran a campsite with a cafe, worked on a goat farm, looked after a child and ran a community theatre.",
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popqa | afe555c5-8337-44b0-8afb-b9258593717d | What is Giuseppe Demachi's occupation? | Giuseppe Demachi | [
"composer"
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"Italian composer and violinist\nGiuseppe Demachi (9 June 1732 – 1791 or after) was a composer born in Alessandria, Kingdom of Sardinia. He served as a leading violinist in the city of his birth and later in the city of Geneva with the Concerto di Ginevra of the Societé de Musique. He also served in the employ of one Count Sannazzaro in the 1760s and 1770s at Casale Monferrato. Not much is known about his life or death. Other than the records of his birth in 1732, his next known appearance in history is in 1763 when he was listed as playing in Alessandria's orchestra. After 1777 he again falls into obscurity until his last verifiable appearance during some concerts in London in 1791. The date of his death is not known, but is believed to have been shortly after his performances in London. Demachi is listed as a composer of a significant number of works, including four symphonie concertante, eighteen duo sonatas, fifty-six trio sonatas, a pair of orchestral overtures and six string quartets listed as \"for orchestra.\" One of his most famous works is the symphony \"Le campane di Roma\" (The Bells of Rome).",
"Demachi (written: 出町) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Japanese volleyball player (born 1935)\n is a retired Japanese volleyball player. He was a member of the Japanese Men's National Volleyball Team that claimed the bronze medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.",
"Japanese speed skater\n was a Japanese speed skater. He competed in two events at the 1968 Winter Olympics. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Giuseppe is the Italian form of the given name Joseph,\nfrom Latin Iōsēphus from Ancient Greek Ἰωσήφ (Iōsḗph), from Hebrew יוסף. It is the most common name in Italy and is unique (97%) to it. The feminine form of the name is Giuseppa or Giuseppina. People with the given name include:\n\"Note: Some people are listed multiple times, in different sections.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name."
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"doc_chunk": "Italian composer and violinist\nGiuseppe Demachi (9 June 1732 – 1791 or after) was a composer born in Alessandria, Kingdom of Sardinia. He served as a leading violinist in the city of his birth and later in the city of Geneva with the Concerto di Ginevra of the Societé de Musique. He also served in the employ of one Count Sannazzaro in the 1760s and 1770s at Casale Monferrato. Not much is known about his life or death. Other than the records of his birth in 1732, his next known appearance in history is in 1763 when he was listed as playing in Alessandria's orchestra. After 1777 he again falls into obscurity until his last verifiable appearance during some concerts in London in 1791. The date of his death is not known, but is believed to have been shortly after his performances in London. Demachi is listed as a composer of a significant number of works, including four symphonie concertante, eighteen duo sonatas, fifty-six trio sonatas, a pair of orchestral overtures and six string quartets listed as \"for orchestra.\" One of his most famous works is the symphony \"Le campane di Roma\" (The Bells of Rome).",
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popqa | 505bb088-b4f1-443d-81d8-39c23e83c98b | What is Atsushi Kaneko's occupation? | Atsushi Kaneko | [
"mangaka",
"manga artist"
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" (born 26 December 1966) is Japanese manga artist from Sakata, Yamagata Prefecture. Two of his works, \"Bambi and Her Pink Gun\" and \"Soil\", have been published in French. \"Bambi and Her Pink Gun\" has been published in English, with \"Search and Destroy\" scheduled for English publication in May 2024. \"Soil\" has been adapted into a television drama series. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese video game publisher\n, stylized as KANE<O, also referred to as , was a Japanese video game publisher founded in Suginami, Tokyo, Japan, by Hiroshi Kaneko. It published a number of games both under its brand and other companies, such as \"Air Buster\", \"Nexzr\", \"Shogun Warriors\", \"DJ Boy\", \"Guts'n\", and the \"Gals Panic\" series. The last game released by the company was \"Gals Panic S3\" for the arcade in 2002. History. The company began business as developer, manufacturer, vendor, trader of electronic machines, and manufacturing medical equipment. In 1982, it began its video game business as a developer of Taito Corporation's video games. In 1990, Kaneko began to make its own video game under the KANEKO brand. In Summer 1994, Kaneko closed its US branch and cancelled game projects such as \"Fido Dido\" and \"Socks the Cat Rocks the Hill\". In April 2000, Kaneko went through financial restructuring, and exited video game business except for maintenance department. The company was moved to Shibuya, Tokyo. On July 25, 2001, Kaneko filed a lawsuit against Hitachi Software Engineering over the Super Kaneko NOVA System arcade board, and demanded 1.52 billion yen for damages. On August 12, 2004, Kaneko filed for bankruptcy. However, the company's founder, Hiroshi Kaneko, vowed to continue. In 2006, a civil lawsuit threatened to officially close the company.",
"As of September 2007[ [update]] the fate of the company is unknown, though assumed no longer existent. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Atsushi is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:\nFictional characters. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Japanese footballer\n is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokyo Musashino City FC. Playing career. Kaneko was born in Utsunomiya on April 8, 1983. After graduating from high school, he joined J2 League club Mito HollyHock in 2002. He got an opportunity to play from first season. In April 2004, he was loaned to Regional Leagues club Grulla Morioka with teammate Shogo Sakurai. He scored 25 goals in 10 matches. He returned to HollyHock in 2005. In 2006, he moved to his local club Tochigi SC in Japan Football League (JFL). However, he could not play many matches. In 2008, he moved to JFL club Yokogawa Musashino (later \"Tokyo Musashino City FC\"). Although he played many matches in 2008, he could not play many matches in 2009 and retired end of 2009 season. In 2014, he returned as player at Tokyo Musashino City FC. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 81a21fc0-8876-4144-bc17-256dac1a34a3 | What is Richard Faith's occupation? | Richard Faith | [
"composer",
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"American composer (1926–2021)\nRichard Faith (March 20, 1926 - February 28, 2021) was an American composer who has been known primarily in university music circles as a concert pianist, professor of piano, and a published composer of piano pedagogy literature, orchestral and chamber works, opera and most prolifically, song. A neo-romantic, Faith has always been first and foremost a melodist. Biography. Richard Bruce Faith was born in Evansville, Indiana. His mother was a homemaker active in community affairs, and his father, a dentist. Both parents were very supportive of his choice to become a musician as they too came from musical backgrounds. Faith's mother studied piano before her five children were born; his father picked up musical skills without a teacher and played piano, violin and sang in the church choir. Around age eight, Richard began to study piano with his fifteen-year-old cousin and he soon began improvising melodies on the keyboard. Between the ages of eleven and twelve he began writing down his piano compositions, one of which later became a work for women's chorus entitled \"Daffodils\" (I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud) with poetry by William Wordsworth. Before his natural bent toward composing could take root and grow, Faith embarked on a career as a concert pianist. In 1940 at age fourteen, he appeared with the Evansville Philharmonic Orchestra, and after a few years of study he entered Chicago Musical College, where he received both undergraduate and master's degrees in piano performance.",
"At age nineteen he placed in a collegiate contest and was given the opportunity to perform in Chicago's Orchestra Hall. The work was \"Chopin's Concerto in F Minor\" (Op. 21). This was followed in 1947 by his professional debut at Kimball Hall (Chicago) and, in 1948, by a return to Orchestra Hall for a solo recital and an engagement with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. During the early fifties Faith concertized as a recital accompanist for both singers and instrumentalists in programs that included his own compositions. Faith's first instructor in composition was Max Wald, with whom he worked from 1947 to 1949. In the Fall of 1954 he began doctoral work in composition at Indiana University in Bloomington with Bernhard Heiden. Two years later Faith received his first full-time teaching appointment at Morningside College in Sioux City, Iowa. Although he was devoted to teaching piano, his great love for composition continued to flourish. In 1960 he went to Rome as a Fulbright Scholar, studying both piano and composition with Guido Agosti at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia. He chose Italy because of his interest in Italian history and its early Renaissance art. He also was seeking the \"clarity of Italian musical expression.\" Faith spent the greatest part of his life at the University of Arizona in Tucson, where he assumed the position of Assistant Professor of Music (Piano) in 1961. He remained at the school until 1988, with an interim year at Morningside College in 1968.",
"Many of his most popular compositions are the fruits of his tenure at Arizona: songs, choral works, piano concertos, orchestral and chamber works and opera. Faith's first published work was the \"Legend for Piano,\" printed by Summy-Birchard in 1967. Shawnee Press began publishing his compositions in 1968, followed by G. Schirmer Inc. in 1971 and Belwin Mills in 1974. In the late 1970s Faith's music achieved significant recognition with performances in London, Washington, D.C., and Tucson, and commercial recordings were released. From 1982 to 1988 he received annual awards from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP). Following his retirement from teaching in 1988, Richard Faith relocated from Tucson a number of times. Ever the itinerant musician, he was not content to settle in one place for very long. To freely quote the Yeats poem that he eventually set to music, Faith can be described as a \"wandering Aengus\" with a \"fire in his head.\" He lived in Reston, Va., in California, Bloomington, In., returning to his home town of Evansville in the late 1990s, and in Denver. In 2015 he made his home in Savoy, Illinois where he gave piano recitals at his independent retirement community and continued to compose up until two weeks before his death. During the last 30 years performances, publications, dissertations and recordings of his works have flourished.",
"His vast musical output includes over 60 chamber works, 21 choral arrangements, 4 operas, 16 orchestral pieces, 61 keyboard works and over 120 songs, including an unofficial contribution to the AIDS Quilt Songbook with his \"Winter Journey,\" with poetry by William Lavonis. Faith's musical works and documents are being housed at the Fred Fox School of Music in the College of Fine Arts at the University of Arizona-Tucson. Richard Faith died at his home on February 28, 2021 in Savoy twenty days shy of his 95th birthday. Musical style and songs. Faith's music displays a freely modulating harmonic language within the boundaries of tonality that combines neo-romantic and impressionistic qualities. With Debussy, Ravel, and Rachmaninoff as important influences on his music, and Brahms as a model with respect to form, Faith also shares musical traits with Vaughan Williams, particularly in the areas of modality and harmonic color and with Roger Quilter, the Victorian whose songs displayed a trait known as \"decorous Romanticism.\" Faith's English flavor is even further highlighted by the composer's choice of poetry, much of which comes from English and Irish authors. Having developed a somewhat dry wit and an infectious, silly humor, Faith infrequently reflected these personality traits in his music, leaning more toward a sound that exudes a deep longing and romantic spirit. Faith's song output spans the years 1944 to the present—his entire life as a composer.",
"The over 120 settings run the stylistic gamut from sophisticated concert pieces to simple miniatures, duets, vocalises and selections with obbligato instruments, including flute, cello, viola and harp. His settings are generally for medium voice. Some have been written for specific singers to whom he has dedicated the music. Many of the songs are grouped according to subject matter, but are not necessarily musically connected. They may be sung as sets or separately, and may be transposed to suit the singer. Faith's tempo indications use traditional Italian terminology and the metronome markings are only suggestions. He is a gracious composer who allows individuals to develop their own interpretations of his music. Because Faith himself is a pianist, many of the songs have sophisticated accompaniments. Sometimes the piano doubles the voice, though hardly ever through an entire piece. At other times the piano will play a countermelody to the voice to form a kind of obbligato. Like Debussy, Faith has a fondness for triplets, because of the movement and flow they add to a song. Thomas Nashe's \"Spring, the Sweet Spring\" (1950) is an exercise in perpetual motion for the accompanist, with only brief repose at the end of each stanza. This inventive, florid accompaniment, along with Faith's strict use of ABA form, thin texture, and a definite key signature (G) lend a neo-baroque character to this Elizabethan poem. The harmony, however, remains contemporary, with Faith's use of incidental chromatics and added-note chords."
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popqa | beac4a2f-8b22-4ba2-a581-eff46c834bb8 | What is E. David Redwine's occupation? | E. David Redwine | [
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"American politician\nEdward David Redwine (born September 12, 1947) is a North Carolina politician. He served in the North Carolina House of Representatives for almost 20 years and is a candidate in 2010 for the North Carolina Senate seat being vacated by R.C. Soles. Redwine is a member of the board of trustees for East Carolina University, his alma mater, and he is a member of the board of directors for the North Carolina Turnpike Authority. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American newspaper editor and politician\nJohn E. Redwine (June 6, 1823 - ?) was a farmer, lawyer, newspaper editor, clerk, and state legislator for Hall County, Georgia. He lived in Gainesville, Georgia. He was born in North Carolina. He was born in Randolph County, North Carolina. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives in 1878. He was elected again and served in 1882 and 1883. He published the \"Gainesville Eagle\". He married and had seven children. Lyman A. Redwine was one of his children. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Redwine may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Unincorporated community in Kentucky, United States\n \nRedwine is an unincorporated community and coal town in Morgan County, Kentucky, United States. Despite its name, Redwine is located in a dry county. History. A post office named Redwine opened near the town in 1883 by William B. Redwine, a member of an influential family from Elliott County. It served local industries such as sawmills, lumber dealers, and a flour mill. The post office closed in 1895, but reopened the following year. Sometime between then and 1909, the post office was moved further north, and this new post office operated until 1914. The post office was relocated to its old location soon after, and operated until 1974. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American football player (born 1957)\nJarvis John Redwine (born May 16, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) during the 1980s. Redwine played college football for the Nebraska Cornhuskers, and earned first-team All-American honors in 1980. He was selected in the second round of the 1981 NFL draft, and played professionally for the NFL's Minnesota Vikings 1981 to 1983. Born in Los Angeles, Redwine played high school football at Inglewood High School. He played college football for the Oregon State in 1976 and 1977, then transferred to the \nUniversity of Nebraska–Lincoln, where he played for head coach Tom Osborne. His first Cornhusker season's performance as a junior in 1979 earned him Osborne's endorsement as Nebraska's best chance at a Heisman Trophy winner since Johnny Rodgers in 1972. Redwine suffered a broken rib midway through his senior season in 1980 and fell back in the Heisman race, in which he finished seventh. Even so, he was the first Cornhusker to rush for 1,000 yards in consecutive seasons, gaining 1,119. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | d383abfb-8bdb-4729-add7-15646a2e002c | What is Chiara Zanni's occupation? | Chiara Zanni | [
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"Canadian actress\nChiara Zanni () is a Canadian actress and comedian. She is known for her roles as Amy Ryan on The N series \"About a Girl\" and Maggie Buckman on the CBC series \"Edgemont\". She is also known for her voice-work as Hahli in ', the titular character in \"Hamtaro\", Jubilee in ', Eva \"Molly\" Wei in \"Ōban Star-Racers\", Piper in \"Storm Hawks\", Stellaluna in the film adaptation of \"Stellaluna\", and Kani Maki in \"Sushi Pack\". Life and career. Zanni was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, to an Italian father and an English mother. She started her career at the age of eight when she was cast as the \"Pokey Little Puppy\" in the animated television film \"Little Golden Book Land\". She has appeared in the feature films \"X-Men\", \"40 Days and 40 Nights\", \"Come l'America\", \"In the Land of Women\" and \"Good Luck Chuck\". Her television credits include \"Supernatural\", \"Stargate Atlantis\", \"Edgemont\", \"Trophy Wife\", \"Bye Bye Birdie\", \"1st to Die\" and \"Post Mortem\". She has also provided voice-work to projects such as \"Zeke's Pad\", \"Hamtaro\", \"Trollz\", \"My Little Pony\", \"Polly Pockets\", ', ', ', ', \"Inuyasha\", \"Storm Hawks\", and \"Ōban Star-Racers\".",
"In 2013, she made her Los Angeles voice acting debut with \"Henry Hugglemonster\". She voiced Daring Do in \"\", and she has appeared in MLP conventions in Vancouver and Richmond. Personal life. Zanni is married and is a Christian. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Class of satellite characters from commedia dell'arte\nZanni (), Zani or Zane is a character type of \"commedia dell'arte\" best known as an astute servant and a trickster. The Zanni comes from the countryside and is known to be a \"dispossessed immigrant worker\". Through time, the Zanni grew to be a popular figure who was first seen in \"commedia\" as early as the 14th century. The English word \"zany\" derives from this character. The longer the nose on the characters mask, the more foolish the character. Origin of the name. The name \"Zanni\" (as well as \"Zuan\") is a variant of the name \"Gianni\" and was common in the Lombard-Venetian countryside which provided most of the servants to the wealthy nobles and merchants of Venice. In Italian it is specifically a name of someone whose identity is not of any importance. It is one of the oldest characters in \"commedia dell'arte\", but over the course of time became subdivided into a number of similar characters with more specific traits. These included Arlecchino, Pulcinella, Mezzettino and Truffaldino, as well as Beltrame and Brighella. Arlecchino, for example, was more representative of a jester than an ordinary servant and was frequently depicted as very acrobatic. Zanni was shortened to Zan when used to provide further identification of an individual.",
"For example, Zan Ganassa was the stage name of Alberto Naseli, who was one of the first actors specializing in Zanni roles to perform outside of Italy. Overall, the Zanni in early \"commedia dell'arte\" is the name for the 'carter', which is the servant. The name Zanni became a \"technical term to define all of the servants\". Variations. Some characters in \"commedia\" that are derived from Zanni are Arlecchino (Harlequin), Brighella, Scapino, Mescolino and Mezzettino, Scaramuccia (aka Scaramouche), Pulcinella, Pedrolino, Giangurgolo, Tartaglia, Trappolino, and Burratino. Characteristics. The earliest literary evidence portrays Zanni as a servant of Pantalone. Of all of the \"commedia\" archetypes, Zanni's survival instinct is the strongest. Zanni is also always hungry, which leads to a vision of Utopia where \"everything is comestible, reminiscent of the followers of gluttony in carnival processions\". A Zanni also has an animistic view of the world in that he senses a spirit in everything, so it could be eaten. Zanni is ignorant, loutish, and has no self-awareness. The simple act of thinking does not seem to be natural to Zanni. He is a very faithful individual who prefers to live in the present day.",
"Zanni never looks for a place to sleep; it just seems to happen to him often in situations where it shouldn't, like a drunkard. Lastly, all of his reactions are completely emotional. Zanni is born into an immigrant background and is known for performing both \"duty and necessity\" and also plays an active role in the \"game\" of breaking up and unifying relationships. Zanni is also known for his ability to scheme and manipulate. The role of Zanni is known as being a \"stupid genius\"; this contradiction prevents Zanni from approaching daily life in a rational manner. Zanni's stupidity prevents him from performing simple tasks, while his genius gives him the ability to make the impossible possible. Two types of Zanni. The evolution of the character Zanni was of two distinct types, one of the silly servant and the other of the cunning servant. These two components developed over the course of the history of the \"commedia dell'arte\", and players began to specialize in the two types who were called \"first Zanni\" and \"second Zanni\". Mezzetino and Brighella are examples of the first Zanni; Arlecchino and Pulcinella are examples of the second. A scenario must always have at least two Zanni. The first Zanni is known to be clever and witty, and is known as \"il furbo\" (lit. 'the clever'). The first Zanni can trick and cheat anyone whom they come across. It is a must that they are cynically sharp."
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"doc_chunk": "Canadian actress\nChiara Zanni () is a Canadian actress and comedian. She is known for her roles as Amy Ryan on The N series \"About a Girl\" and Maggie Buckman on the CBC series \"Edgemont\". She is also known for her voice-work as Hahli in ', the titular character in \"Hamtaro\", Jubilee in ', Eva \"Molly\" Wei in \"Ōban Star-Racers\", Piper in \"Storm Hawks\", Stellaluna in the film adaptation of \"Stellaluna\", and Kani Maki in \"Sushi Pack\". Life and career. Zanni was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, to an Italian father and an English mother. She started her career at the age of eight when she was cast as the \"Pokey Little Puppy\" in the animated television film \"Little Golden Book Land\". She has appeared in the feature films \"X-Men\", \"40 Days and 40 Nights\", \"Come l'America\", \"In the Land of Women\" and \"Good Luck Chuck\". Her television credits include \"Supernatural\", \"Stargate Atlantis\", \"Edgemont\", \"Trophy Wife\", \"Bye Bye Birdie\", \"1st to Die\" and \"Post Mortem\". She has also provided voice-work to projects such as \"Zeke's Pad\", \"Hamtaro\", \"Trollz\", \"My Little Pony\", \"Polly Pockets\", ', ', ', ', \"Inuyasha\", \"Storm Hawks\", and \"Ōban Star-Racers\".",
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popqa | f54d10e2-3f25-4f65-91f1-07f412bd4e24 | What is P. J. Moloney's occupation? | P. J. Moloney | [
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"Irish Sinn Féin politician (1869–1947)\nPatrick James Moloney (20 March 1869 – 4 September 1947) was an Irish Sinn Féin politician. Prior to entering politics he was a chemist. Moloney was actively involved in the Republican movement in Tipperary. He was arrested and jailed in the mass arrests after the 1916 Easter Rising. The meeting to elect brigade officers for the 3rd Tipperary Brigade was held in his house in Church street, Tipperary. The house was burnt down during the war by British forces. His three sons were active members of the brigade. One of his sons, Con became Adjutant General of the anti-Treaty IRA during the Civil War another of his sons, Patrick, was killed during the War of Independence. He was elected as a Sinn Féin MP for the Tipperary South constituency at the 1918 general election. In January 1919, Sinn Féin MPs refused to recognise the Parliament of the United Kingdom and instead assembled at the Mansion House in Dublin as a revolutionary parliament called Dáil Éireann. He was elected unopposed as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary Mid, North and South constituency at the 1921 elections. He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty and voted against it. He was re-elected for the same constituency at the 1922 general election, this time as an anti-Treaty Sinn Féin TD, but he did not take his seat in the Dáil. He did not contest the 1923 general election. A great-grandson is the Irish historian Eunan O'Halpin. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Moloney may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American judge\nJames Joseph Patrick (J. J. P.) Corrigan (July 27, 1901 – May 16, 1982) was a Republican lawyer from Ohio. He was in private practice for thirty years and a judge for twenty years, including 1969–1976 as an associate justice of the Ohio Supreme Court. He also landed on Normandy Beach on June 6, 1944. Biography. Corrigan was born in Cleveland, Ohio on July 27, 1901 to Irish immigrants, Patrick and Nora Walsh Corrigan. He received a bachelor's degree in 1922 from John Carroll University. He moved to Washington, D.C., received a master's degree in law and juris doctor from Georgetown University Law School in 1925 and was admitted to the Washington, D.C. bar. Corrigan returned to Cleveland in 1926, passed the Ohio bar, and had a private practice as a trial and appeals lawyer from 1926 to 1956. He was chief assistant police prosecutor of Cleveland under Mayor Harry L. Davis from 1933 to 1937. In 1942, he was drafted into the United States Army as a private. He landed on Normandy beach on June 6, 1944, and fought in campaigns in northern France, Ardennes, Rhineland and central Europe. He received battlefield promotion to second lieutenant and was awarded five battle stars and a Bronze Star Medal. He was honorably discharged October 1945. In 1956, Corrigan was elected a judge of the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas, serving from 1957 to 1963. In 1962, he was elected to the 8th District Court of Appeals for Ohio for a six-year term, and re-elected in 1968.",
"He taught trial practice at Cleveland–Marshall College of Law from 1963 to 1969. In June 1969, Ohio Supreme Court Associate Justice Charles B. Zimmerman died. Governor Jim Rhodes appointed Corrigan to fill the unexpired term on September 11, 1969. He was elected to a six-year term in 1970, but was barred by age restriction from running for another term in 1976. After retirement from the bench, Corrigan was a partner in the Cleveland firm \"Marshman, Snyder and Corrigan\" from 1978 until his death on May 16, 1982. Corrigan married Nancy McGuiness on February 26, 1948. He is buried in Lakewood Park Cemetery. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. at Find a Grave",
"Dutch architect (1890–1963)\nJacobus Johannes Pieter Oud (9 February 1890 – 5 April 1963) was a Dutch architect. His fame began as a follower of the \"De Stijl\" movement. Biography. Oud was born in Purmerend, the son of a tobacco and wine merchant. As a young architect, he was influenced by Berlage, and studied under Theodor Fischer in Munich for a time. He worked together with W.M. Dudok in Leiden, which is where he also met Theo van Doesburg and became involved with the movement \"De Stijl\". Between 1918 and 1933, Oud became Municipal Housing Architect for Rotterdam. During this period when many laborers were coming to the city, he mostly worked on socially progressive residential projects. This included projects in the areas of Spangen, Kiefhoek and the Witte Dorp. Oud was one of a number of Dutch architects who attempted to reconcile strict, rational, 'scientific' cost-effective construction technique against the psychological needs and aesthetic expectations of the users. His own answer was to practice 'poetic functionalism'. In 1927, he was one of the fifteen architects who contributed to the influential modernist Weissenhof Estate exhibition. In America Oud is perhaps best known for being lauded and adopted by the mainstream modernist movement, then summarily kicked out on stylistic grounds."
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"doc_chunk": "Irish Sinn Féin politician (1869–1947)\nPatrick James Moloney (20 March 1869 – 4 September 1947) was an Irish Sinn Féin politician. Prior to entering politics he was a chemist. Moloney was actively involved in the Republican movement in Tipperary. He was arrested and jailed in the mass arrests after the 1916 Easter Rising. The meeting to elect brigade officers for the 3rd Tipperary Brigade was held in his house in Church street, Tipperary. The house was burnt down during the war by British forces. His three sons were active members of the brigade. One of his sons, Con became Adjutant General of the anti-Treaty IRA during the Civil War another of his sons, Patrick, was killed during the War of Independence. He was elected as a Sinn Féin MP for the Tipperary South constituency at the 1918 general election. In January 1919, Sinn Féin MPs refused to recognise the Parliament of the United Kingdom and instead assembled at the Mansion House in Dublin as a revolutionary parliament called Dáil Éireann. He was elected unopposed as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary Mid, North and South constituency at the 1921 elections. He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty and voted against it. He was re-elected for the same constituency at the 1922 general election, this time as an anti-Treaty Sinn Féin TD, but he did not take his seat in the Dáil. He did not contest the 1923 general election. A great-grandson is the Irish historian Eunan O'Halpin. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | c616000d-04f4-446e-9d2e-29a663dc18e4 | What is Andreas Rüdiger's occupation? | Andreas Rüdiger | [
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"German philosopher and physicist (1673–1731)\nJohannes Andreas Rüdiger (1 November 1673 – 6 June 1731) was a German philosopher and physicist. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Rüdiger (English \"Ruediger\", \"Rudiger\", Roger) is a German given name. The meaning comes from Old High German: \"hruod\" (fame) and \"ger\" (spear). The name became popular because of the character Rüdiger von Bechelaren from \"Nibelung\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"German survivalist (1935–2020)\nRüdiger Nehberg, also known as 'Sir Vival', (4 May 1935 – 1 April 2020) was a German human rights activist, author and survival expert. He was the founder and chairman of the anti-FGM organization TARGET, and chairman of the organizations Friends of Peoples Close to Nature (German section – \")\" and \"\" (Save the Rainforest). He lived in Rausdorf near Hamburg, Germany. Nehberg described himself as having \"No astrological sign, no church, no hair, and no clip in the ear (the latter means: he is a maverick)\". Life and work. Nehberg was born in Bielefeld. After school, Nehberg initially became a pastry chef by trade, but increasingly turned his attention to outdoor survival. He would finally sell his three bakeries and live from his books and lectures. In 1972, together with two friends, one of whom was shot dead in an ambush, he became one of the first to travel the length of the Blue Nile in a home-made boat. Since 1980, he has been involved in defending the interests of the Yanomami Amerindian tribe. With his enterprise, \"The Tree\" (crossing the Atlantic Ocean on a fir-tree in 2000), he contributed to the provision of a protected reservation for the Yanomami. In 1981 – followed by a camera team – he crisscrossed Germany without any special equipment and relying for his sustenance solely on what he was able to find in nature.",
"In 1987, Nehberg crossed the Atlantic Ocean in a pedal boat. He was also one of the first to discredit the fraudulent \"Tatunca Nara\" story, which had gained publicity in the German and Brazilian media. A German worker named Hans Günther Hauck left his home near Nuremberg in 1967, moved into the Brazilian jungle, and proclaimed himself the leader of the secret Ugha-Mongulala tribe, which had lived hidden in the secret jungle city of Akakor for 15,000 years. Neither the city nor the tribe ever existed. Nevertheless, many filmmakers and adventure-loving men and women believed Nara, and three people even died during Tatunca-led jungle excursions. The circumstances that led to their deaths have never been fully revealed. In Nehberg's book \"Der selbstgemachte Häuptling\" (\"The Self-Made Chieftain\"), the whole story of this mysterious man and his deeds can be read. In September 2000, he founded the human rights organization TARGET to prevent the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM). For his commitment to endangered peoples, Nehberg was awarded the \"Bundesverdienstkreuz\" (\"Federal Cross for Merit\"). In November 2006, TARGET organized and financed a conference under the patronage of the Egyptian Great Mufti Ali Gomaa at Al-Azhar University of Cairo. As a result of the conference, leading authorities of Islamic law denounced genital mutilation.",
"In March 2009, Rüdiger Nehberg and Tarafa Baghajati met Sheikh Prof. Dr. in Qatar, one of the best known Islamic contemporary authority scholars. They obtained a issued by the recognized legal scholar, stating that genital mutilation of girls is referred to and forbidden as \"devil's work\" because it is directed against the ethics of Islam. In August 2009 Nehberg married his second wife. In February 2011, Rüdiger Nehberg and Tarafa Baghajati met with Sheikh Prof. Dr. Mohamed Said Ramadan Al-Bouti and obtained a similar fatwa against female genital mutilation. In 2014 he gave a TEDx talk about his work to prevent FGM. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | bf950026-be37-40bc-8a5f-b00aaa0079ce | What is Guillem Ramon de Gironella's occupation? | Guillem Ramon de Gironella | [
"troubadour"
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"Guillem Ramon de Gironella was a late thirteenth-century Catalan troubadour. His poetry, while difficult, is highly original and praised for its beauty. Guillem Ramon was from Gironella in the Berguedà. There are many persons carrying the name \"Ramon de Gironella\" in twelfth- and thirteenth-century documents, but no others named \"Guillem Ramon\". The troubadour has been identified with a person bearing the initials \"G.R.\" marked on a tomb in the monastery of Sant Daniel de Girona and lying next to the tomb of his mother, Brunissendis de Gerundella. If this identification is correct, then Guillem Ramon was the canon \"Guillelmus Raimundi de Gerundella\" whose death is recorded in monastic records on 8 July of an unknown year. All of Guillem Ramon's surviving poetry, four works in total, is preserved in a single chansonnier, three \"cansos\" under the full name \"Guilem Raimon de Gironela\" and one \"partimen\" with the jongleur Pouzet under the name \"Guilem Raimon\". Towards the end of this piece, \"Del joi d'amor agradiu\", Guillem suggests submitting it to the judgement of \"la de Palau\" (\"[she] of Palau\"), but the lady and the Palau to which this refers are not securely identifiable.",
"The contemporary Catalan troubadour Cerverí de Girona, in his \"Recepta de xarob\", wrote (between 1260 and 1285): \"E si Na Guyllamona\" (or \"Guillemona\") \"/ lay a Palau, vos dona / un pauc de cuyndia. . . .\" The lady Guillemona may be the \"la de Palau\" of Guillem Ramon's \"partimen\". If so, this would establish a link between the obscure Guillem Ramon and the famous Cerverí, putting the former in better context. One further reference from Cerverí, however, throws the identification of Guillem Ramon the troubadour with the canon into doubt. Cerverí, in his \"Testament\" (1274), says that \"En Poncet\" is grateful to the \"don de Gironella\" (lord of Gironella), but Guillem Ramon was not the feudal lord of Gironella nor even a nobleman, but a cleric. Whether Cerverí was confused or Guillem Ramon only took up his clerical career late in life is not known.",
"In two of his \"cansos\"—\"Gen m'apareill\" and \"La clara lutz del bel jorn\"—Guillem Ramon celebrates a person by the \"senhal\" (or nickname) \"Sobreluenh\" (\"Over-a-distance\"), but whether this is his lady or a friend, like the viscount of Cardona or Cabrera is debated. Ramon Guillem was familiar with the poem \"Erec and Enide\" of Chrétien de Troyes, as he makes known in \"Gen m'apareill\":\n\n\n\nHe also wrote the \"canso\" \"Pos l'amors r'ensen\". Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nSources. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />",
"Gironella () is a municipality in the \"comarca\" of the Berguedà in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the left bank of the Llobregat river to the south of Berga. The local economy is traditionally based on cotton spinning and textile manufacture, although tourism is now more important: the company towns or \"colonies\" of workers houses surround the cotton mills are of historical interest. The town is served by the C-16 road to Berga and the Cadí tunnel. Gironella, which has numerous stores, bars, and schools, is an important economic center for the smaller towns around it, such as Olvan, Sagàs or Casserres. The town is mentioned in a well-known traditional Catalan song, \"A Gironella\" or \"Cançó de Gironella\", in which a young man laments being rejected by his beloved and being forced to leave the town behind. History. Prehistory and ancient history. No prehistoric archeological sites have been found in the municipality of Gironella therefore no traceability to ancient times has been possible. However, Rosa Serra states that the situation of the inhabitants of Gironella should have been the same as the people living in the area of Baix Berguedà. Human habitats have been found in the region from Neolithic and there are several Iberian sites (Puig-reig, Santa Maria de Merlès, Montclar, L'Espunyola, Berga, Casserres etc.).",
"During the restoration of the old church of Santa Eulàlia of Gironella, pottery remains belonging to different times were found. Among them, there was a local Iberian piece of ceramic and another belonging to Roses workshop, both dating from before the third century BC. This finding shows the settlement in the area from the protohistoric times. The present municipality of Gironella was crossed by a salt path which connected the salt mountain of Cardona (a deposit of rock salt, where the salt forms a mountain mass) with the eastern part of Catalonia. Medieval history. In the High Middle Ages the population of El Berguedà was relatively stable, especially in the mountain areas and the Germanic and Muslim invasions did not leave a strong mark. Modern history. Gironella in the war of Spanish Succession. Gironella had fallen into the hands of the Bourbon army, but on 11 March 1714 the village was released during the seizure of Gironella Castle by the troops of the Marquis of Poal and Colonel Ermengol Amill. The Bourbon garrison, consisting of 30 soldiers, 2 captains and 2 lieutenants, among others, were imprisoned in Cardona. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 51adf3b1-00f5-4de1-b6d3-6f584af23c39 | What is Dima Grigoriev's occupation? | Dima Grigoriev | [
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"Dima Grigoriev (Dmitry Grigoryev) (born 10 May 1954) is a Russian mathematician. His research interests include algebraic geometry, symbolic computation and computational complexity theory in computer algebra, with over 130 published articles. Dima Grigoriev was born in Leningrad, Russia and graduated from the Leningrad State University, Dept. of Mathematics and Mechanics, in 1976 (Honours Diploma). During 1976–1992 he was with LOMI, Leningrad Department of the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1979 he earned PhD (Candidate of Sciences) in Physics and Mathematics with thesis \"Multiplicative Complexity of a Family of Bilinear Forms\" (from LOMI, under the direction of Anatol Slissenko). In 1985 he earned Doctor of Science (higher doctorate) with thesis \"Computational Complexity in Polynomial Algebra\". Since 1988 until 1992\nhe was the head of Laboratory of algorithmic methods Leningrad Department of the Steklov Mathematical Institute. During 1992–1998 Grigoriev hold the position of full professor at Penn State University. Since 1998 he hold the position of Research Director at CNRS, University of Rennes 1, and since 2008 – Research Director at CNRS, Laboratory Paul Painleve University Lille 1 in France. He is member of editorial boards of the \"Journal Computational Complexity\", \"Journal of Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communications and Computations\" and \"Groups, Complexity, Cryptology\".",
"He is recipient of the Prize of Leningrad Mathematical Society (1984), Max Planck Research Award of the Max Planck Society, Germany (1994), and Humboldt Prize of Humboldt Foundation, Germany (2002), Invited Speaker of International Congress of Mathematicians, Berkeley, California, 1986. He has Erdős number 2 due to his collaborations with Andrew Odlyzko. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Dima or DIMA may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Russian musician (1955–2010)\nIgor Grigoriev, (born January 24, 1955, in Moscow - died September 25, 2010, in Los Angeles, California) was a musician, composer, arranger, band leader, and improvisational guitarist. He taught himself to play the guitar as a young child, and later obtained his master's degree from a music institution in Russia. Biography. As a young boy in late sixties, he was interested in latest music of the time, Rock. As he developed musically, he became interested in Charlie Parker's work, but in later years the influence of classical composers has become evident in his music. Bach has made a great influence in his musical career. He is also fascinated by John Cage's work and the color black. Grigoriev died on September 25, 2010, and was survived by his wife and children. Career. At a very young age Igor started his career and gained fame by playing rock music with many Russian bands and touring around the world. Later, he became a band leader and led the trio, Roof, with trumpeter Andrew Solovyov, and percussionist Michael Zhukov (Melodia Records, Leo Records). His group, Asphalt also gained tremendous popularity despite its short life span (Melodia Records). He permanently migrated to United States in 1989 and continued his career, as a Classical and Jazz musician, but later he became more and more interested in Avant-garde music. Igor is probably better known for his 1990s work, which rapidly assimilated the American avant-garde and forged his own, instantly identifiable style.",
"His music of the 1970s and 1980s saw transition from rock to classical to jazz and to avant-garde music; sometimes he makes use of Harmolodic system of Ornette Coleman. He began to develop methods of simultaneously improvising bass lines, harmony and melodic lines. In his later years, his playing became less predictable and formulaic. He has recorded number of solo albums, and has recorded or performed with Stan Getz, Red Callender, Larry Gales, Milcho Leviev, Ira Schulman, Rod Oakes, and many others. His main musical partner in recent years (2000s) has been trombonist Rod Oakes (including early recording Live In Your Bedroom, Oakes Plays Rod, and most recently, Redux – all on III Records). The major part of his work is performing unaccompanied – still a rare feature among non-classical guitar instrumentalists. Igor and Rod Oakes founded OGOGO in 1996, which is one of the most important organizations to perform improvised music. (The OGOGO is still going, though now it can be anywhere from solo to extra large ensemble.) Nowadays Igor has a close association with III Records. Although Igor's central focus is free improvisation, he has also occasionally appeared in more conventional jazz and classical contexts, such as big band, various ensembles, and string orchestra. He has composed and arranged for a wide range of music genres. He has worked as part of the orchestra for Russian circus. He has arranged music for theatrical plays. Other."
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"doc_chunk": "Dima Grigoriev (Dmitry Grigoryev) (born 10 May 1954) is a Russian mathematician. His research interests include algebraic geometry, symbolic computation and computational complexity theory in computer algebra, with over 130 published articles. Dima Grigoriev was born in Leningrad, Russia and graduated from the Leningrad State University, Dept. of Mathematics and Mechanics, in 1976 (Honours Diploma). During 1976–1992 he was with LOMI, Leningrad Department of the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1979 he earned PhD (Candidate of Sciences) in Physics and Mathematics with thesis \"Multiplicative Complexity of a Family of Bilinear Forms\" (from LOMI, under the direction of Anatol Slissenko). In 1985 he earned Doctor of Science (higher doctorate) with thesis \"Computational Complexity in Polynomial Algebra\". Since 1988 until 1992\nhe was the head of Laboratory of algorithmic methods Leningrad Department of the Steklov Mathematical Institute. During 1992–1998 Grigoriev hold the position of full professor at Penn State University. Since 1998 he hold the position of Research Director at CNRS, University of Rennes 1, and since 2008 – Research Director at CNRS, Laboratory Paul Painleve University Lille 1 in France. He is member of editorial boards of the \"Journal Computational Complexity\", \"Journal of Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communications and Computations\" and \"Groups, Complexity, Cryptology\".",
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popqa | 1703f7c5-12a1-44c4-9b5d-494842810951 | What is Paddy Mullins's occupation? | Paddy Mullins | [
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"Irish racehorse trainer\nPaddy Mullins (28 January 1919 – 28 October 2010) was an Irish racehorse trainer in a career which spanned fifty two years. Training career. His first winner was Flash Parade, which won the 1953 La Touche at Punchestown. Although he was predominantly a jump trainer, with six Cheltenham Festival successes, four Irish National winners and ten Irish jump trainers' titles, two of his greatest successes were achieved on the Flat. Mullins trained the mare Dawn Run to win Cheltenham's Champion Hurdle in 1984 and Gold Cup in 1986. Ridden in both races by Jonjo O'Neill, she is commemorated with a statue overlooking the Cheltenham paddock. He also won the 2003 Irish Oaks with Vintage Tipple and saddled Hurry Harriet to success in the 1973 Champion Stakes at Newmarket. Family. He is the father of trainers Tom Mullins, Willie Mullins and Tony Mullins. Mullins trained at Goresbridge, County Kilkenny, from where son Tom assumed control when he retired from training in February, 2005. Tributes. Mullins died on 28 October 2010. Many tributes were made by fellow trainers, \"He was a great friend of mine for a long number of years and he was a top-class trainer,\" said Jim Bolger. Trainer Noel Meade described Mullins as a \"legend\" he left \"an incredible dynasty behind him\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Mullins may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Paddy may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American white supremacist (1923–2010)\nEustace Clarence Mullins Jr. (March 9, 1923 – February 2, 2010) was an American white supremacist, antisemitic conspiracy theorist, propagandist, Holocaust denier, and writer. A disciple of the poet Ezra Pound, his best-known work is \"The Secrets of The Federal Reserve\", in which he alleged that several high-profile bankers had conspired to write the Federal Reserve Act for their own nefarious purposes, and then induced Congress to enact it into law. The Southern Poverty Law Center described him as \"a one-man organization of hate\". Life. Eustace Clarence Mullins, Jr. was born in Roanoke, Virginia, the third child of Eustace Clarence Mullins (1899–1961) and his wife Jane Katherine Muse (1897–1971). His father was a salesman in a retail clothing store. He said he was educated at Ohio State University, New York University, and the University of North Dakota, although the FBI was unable to verify his attendance at any of them, with the exception of one summer session at NYU in 1947. In December 1942 he enlisted in the military as a Warrant Officer at Charlottesville, Virginia. He was a veteran of the United States Army Air Forces, serving thirty-eight months during World War II. In 1949 Mullins worked at the Institute for Contemporary Arts in Washington, D.C. where he met Ezra Pound's wife Dorothy, who introduced him to her husband.",
"Pound was at the time incarcerated in St. Elizabeth's Hospital for the Mentally Ill. Mullins visited the poet frequently, and for a time acted as his secretary. Later, he wrote a biography, \"This Difficult Individual Ezra Pound\" (1961), which literary critic Ira Nadel describes as \"prejudiced and often melodramatic\". According to Mullins it was Pound who set him on the course of research that led to his writing \"The Secrets of The Federal Reserve\". Mullins became a researcher at the Library of Congress in 1950 and helped Senator Joseph McCarthy in making claims about Communist Party funding sources. He later stated that he believed McCarthy had \"started to turn the tide against world communism\". Shortly after his first book, \"The Secrets of The Federal Reserve\", came out in 1952, he was discharged by the Library of Congress. From April 1953 until April 1954, Mullins was employed by the American Petroleum Industries Committee (APIC). He was cited in 1954 as a \"neo-Fascist\" by the House Un-American Activities Committee, which noted in particular his article \"Adolph Hitler: An Appreciation\", written in 1952, in which he compared Hitler to Jesus and described both as victims of Jews. In 1956 he sued the APIC for breach of contract, charging that the group had hired him as a \"sub rosa\" propagandist to undermine Zionism, but failed to live up to a verbal agreement to pay him $25,000 for his covert services."
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popqa | 951f835e-6473-4947-88f0-e3ded9270ff0 | What is Alan Mauritz Swanson's occupation? | Alan Mauritz Swanson | [
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"American composer and academic\nAlan Mauritz Swanson (born Chicago, Illinois October 29, 1941) is an American composer and academic who lives in the Netherlands. He took his BA (1963) and MA (1965) at Indiana University and his PhD at the University of Chicago (1973). In between he studied at Stockholm University. As an academic, he taught at Augustana College (Rock Island, Illinois), Brigham Young University (Provo, Utah), and the University of Groningen (the Netherlands), and came to specialize in the theatre and opera of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Trained as a singer, many of his early compositions are for voice, but recent work has tended to be varied in form: string quartets, a viola concerto, a partita for piano, and others. In 2006, he was honored for his academic and community work by being appointed Officer in the Order of Oranje-Nassau. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Mauritz is a variant spelling of Maurits. Notable people with the name include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Swedish sport shooter\nAxel Mauritz Eriksson (18 December 1888 – 14 February 1947) was a Swedish sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics, in the 1920 Summer Olympics, and in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1912 he won the gold medal as member of the Swedish team in the team free rifle event and the bronze medal in the team military rifle competition. In the 1912 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:\nEight years later he won the silver medal in the 600 metre military rifle, prone event and two bronze medals in military rifle team competitions. In the 1920 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:\nIn the 1924 Summer Olympics he participated in the following events:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Austrian fencer\nMerten Mauritz (born 22 December 1965) is an Austrian fencer. He competed in the team foil event at the 1992 Summer Olympics. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German footballer\nMatthias Mauritz (13 November 1924 – 21 November 2016) was a German international footballer who played for Fortuna Düsseldorf and competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1956 Summer Olympics. He was born in Düsseldorf. International career. Mauritz made his debut for West Germany on 20 May 1959 in a friendly match against Poland, at 34 years of age. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 2761b804-c889-4bd6-be5d-a24285588d3a | What is Harvey William Burk's occupation? | Harvey William Burk | [
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"Canadian politician\nHarvey William Burk (1822 in Darlington Township, Upper Canada – October 13, 1907) was a politician and farmer. Burk was educated in Darlington Township. He was married twice: to Roley Williams in 1848 and to Susan Armour in 1859. He operated a farm near Bowmanville. Burk served on the township council and was reeve from 1873 to 1874. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a Member the Liberal Party to represent Durham West in 1874. He won a landslide victory in 1878. Burk resigned October 18, 1879 to allow Edward Blake to be elected. His daughter Mary Emily married Sam Hughes. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Burk may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name.",
"English physician (1578–1657)\nWilliam Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology. He was the first known physician to describe completely, and in detail, the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the brain and the rest of the body by the heart, though earlier writers, such as Realdo Colombo, Michael Servetus, and Jacques Dubois, had provided precursors of the theory. Family. William's father, Thomas Harvey, was a jurat of Folkestone where he served as mayor in 1600. Records and personal descriptions delineate him as an overall calm, diligent, and intelligent man whose sons “... revered, consulted and implicitly trusted in him...” (they) made their father the treasurer of their wealth when they acquired great estates...(He) kept, employed, and improved their gainings to their great advantage.\" Thomas Harvey's portrait can still be seen in the central panel of a wall of the dining room at Rolls Park, Chigwell, in Essex. William was the eldest of nine children, seven sons and two daughters, of Thomas and his wife Joan Halke. Notable family connections include Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, who married William's niece Elizabeth Harvey, and the diplomat Sir Daniel Harvey. His great nephew was the naval hero Eliab Harvey, captain of HMS \"Temeraire\". Biography. Early life and the University of Padua. Harvey's initial education was carried out in Folkestone, where he learned Latin.",
"He then entered the King's School (Canterbury). Harvey stayed at the King's School for five years, after which he matriculated at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge in 1593. Harvey graduated as a Bachelor of Arts from Caius in 1597. He then travelled through France and Germany to Italy, where he entered the University of Padua, in 1599. During Harvey's years of study there, he developed a relationship with Fabricius and read Fabricius's \"De Venarum Ostiolis\". Harvey graduated as a Doctor of Medicine at the age of 24 from the University of Padua on 25 April 1602. Harvey had\n\"conducted himself so wonderfully well in the examination and had shown such skill, memory and learning that he had far surpassed even the great hopes which his examiners had formed of him.\" The College of Physicians, marriage and Saint Bartholomew's Hospital. After graduating from Padua, Harvey immediately returned to England, where he obtained the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of Cambridge that same year, and became a fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. Following this, Harvey established himself in London, joining the Royal College of Physicians on 5 October 1604. A few weeks after his admission, Harvey married Elizabeth Browne, \"daughter of Lancelot Browne Dr. Physic\" (a medical doctor). They had no children. Harvey was elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians on 5 June 1607, which earned him the Post-nominal letters FRCP.",
"He then accepted a position at St Bartholomew's Hospital that he was to occupy for almost all the rest of his life. Succeeding Dr Wilkinson on 14 October 1609, he became the Physician in charge at St Bartholomew's Hospital, which enjoined him, \"in God's most holy name\" to \"endeavor yourself to do the best of your knowledge in the profession of physic to the poor then present, or any other of the poor at any time of the week which shall be sent home unto you by the Hospitaller... You shall not, for favor, lucre or gain, appoint or write anything for the poor but such good and wholesome things as you shall think with your best advice will do the poor good, without any affection or respect to be had to the apothecary. And you shall take no gift or reward... for your counsel... This you will promise to do as you shall answer before God... \"\nHarvey earned around thirty-three pounds a year and lived in a small house in Ludgate, although two houses in West Smithfield were attached as fringe benefits to the post of Physician. At this point, the physician's function consisted of a simple but thorough analysis of patients who were brought to the hospital once a week and the subsequent writing of prescriptions. Lumleian lecturer. The next important phase of Harvey's life began with his appointment to the office of Lumleian lecturer on 4 August 1615."
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popqa | 92d80130-47ff-410f-a6fc-4ea6c979d0d6 | What is Richard Sandrak's occupation? | Richard Sandrak | [
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"Ukrainian-born American former bodybuilder\nRichard Sandrak (born April 15, 1992, also known as Little Hercules) is an American former bodybuilder, martial artist and actor, known for his muscular physique at an extremely young age, and for his appearance in the documentary \"The World's Strongest Boy\". Early life. Richard Sandrak was born 15 April 1992, in a small village in Ukraine, to Pavel Sandrak, a martial arts world champion, and Lena Sandrak, an aerobics competitor. In 1994, aged two, he moved with his family to Pennsylvania, where his parents believed he would have a better life. He began his training soon after they arrived. His father, who had trained in taekwondo, introduced him to various stretches and light weight training. As young as 5 years old Richard would work out with his father seven hours a day doing 600 push-ups and 300 squats. He also had a very strict diet that did not allow junk food or sweets. Instead his diet consisted heavily of protein shakes and vegetables allowing for a 1% body fat percentage, which many doctors urged is extremely dangerous. Doctors have said body fat this low can cause serious muscle and nerve damage among other health issues including heart failure. The family subsequently moved to California, with the intention to break into show business. The family met trainer Frank Giardina, while touring one of Giardina's gyms, and hired him to help gain publicity for their son.",
"During an interview Richard's trainer admitted that there were no toys in the boys home, he had never visited a playground before and was rarely allowed outside. The fact he was homeschooled meant his parents were able to implement such strict exercise routines. Career. Sandrak's parents, Pavel and Lena, started him out with light exercises and martial arts techniques which soon progressed into more intense bodybuilding training. At the age of six, he could lift on standard bench-press, claiming his title as world's strongest boy and the nickname \"little Hercules\". By eight, he was bench-pressing . During his childhood, Sandrak worked out with his father, doing up to 600 push-ups and sit-ups a day, as well as 300 squats. Dedicating all of his time towards training, he never had time to play with friends and experience a typical childhood. Being on a strict diet enforced by his father, Sandrak was never able to eat junk food or any sweets. Sandrak recalls days when his father would eat pizza in front of him, while he was left to eat a head of lettuce. According to Giardina, Sandrak was made to repeat intense exercises as punishment if he got something wrong. Sandrak states his father never forced him into bodybuilding. \"I've never been forced to train or do anything against my will\", he said. \"My parents used to train all the time and I wanted to join in. It was mostly my choice. It's just what I grew up doing. I was never forced. It was never an issue.\"",
"Sandrak began travelling across the country to participate in competitions, promotions for nutrition products, and photo shoots for numerous magazines. He also appeared on several TV and radio shows, such as \"The Howard Stern Show\". As he got older his career gradually waned. His Hollywood debut was as the titular character in the 2009 film Little Hercules in 3D. Giardina quit his functions as trainer and promotor after he came to feel that Pavel's parenting was criminal, and Pavel threatened to kill Giardina. Not long afterwards Pavel was imprisoned for physically assaulting his wife, leaving her with a broken wrist and nose, an event during which Richard called the police. By September 2007, Pavel had been recently released from prison, though held under psychiatric guidance, and faced the possibility of deportation. Lena and Richard later left Pavel. A year later, Sandrak was profiled in the documentary \"The World's Strongest Boy\", which detailed his ability to do splits and bench-press three times his own body weight, and claims that less than one percent of his body weight was fat, which can be lethally low. Though medical experts argued that such muscular development requires testosterone that is not found in children younger than ten, and speculated that steroids were involved, Lena Sandrak denied that her son used such substances. By age 15, Sandrak continued to train five times a week, 90 minutes per session, and ate food more typical of other teens, like pizza. His live-in manager, Marco Garcia, helped to normalize his life and produced \"Little Hercules in 3-D\".",
"Sandrak continued to make more movies, and devoted his time to raising awareness of childhood obesity. In an \"Inside Edition\" interview in 2015, Sandrak said he quit bodybuilding when he became bored with it after his father went to prison, and now does cardio exercises like chin-ups, stair climbing and skateboarding. He said he would like to become a “quantum scientist” and an engineer for NASA. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Name list\nRichard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Old Frankish and is a compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic \"*rīk-\" 'ruler, leader, king' and \"*hardu-\" 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'strong in rule'. Nicknames include \"Richie\", \"Dick\", \"Dickon\", \"Dickie\", \"Rich\", \"Rick\", \"Rico\", \"Ricky\", and more. Richard is a common English (the name was introduced into England by the Normans), German and French male name. It's also used in many more languages, particularly Germanic, such as Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Icelandic, and Dutch, as well as other languages including Irish, Scottish, Welsh and Finnish. Richard is cognate with variants of the name in other European languages, such as the Swedish \"Rickard\", the Portuguese and Spanish \"Ricardo\" and the Italian \"Riccardo\" (see comprehensive variant list below). <templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Hlist/styles.css\"/>\nPeople named Richard. Multiple people with the same name."
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popqa | ad50bd8b-05a6-460f-9d70-5cd2b4eff870 | What is Jim Boyd's occupation? | Jim Boyd (newscaster) | [
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"American TV news anchor and actor (born 1942)\nJim Boyd was a weekend, early morning and midday news anchor and reporter for WCVB-TV. He is currently working as an actor in major motion pictures and television productions. Early life and education. Born James Lloyd Boyd in Harlem, New York, he is the son of Edmonia Coleman, a secretary and receptionist and Leroy Homer Boyd, a postal worker, gospel singer and musician. His grandfather Arthur Leroy Boyd was first violinist in the Negro String Quartet that performed with singer Roland Hayes at New York's Carnegie Hall on November 27, 1925. Boyd had three siblings. He was born in Harlem Hospital, educated in New York City Schools (Public School 90, and Public School 68, Humboldt Junior High School 115 and George Washington High School (New York City) (class of 1958) and attended Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York and Fairleigh Dickinson University in Teaneck, New Jersey. Career. Boyd started his broadcasting career at National Educational Television in New York in 1961, beginning as a mail clerk, then production assistant, associate producer and eventually producer for News In Perspective a bi-weekly news analysis and background program produced in association with \"The New York Times\" and hosted by Lester Markel and Clifton Daniel. The program was generally produced in New York City and Washington, DC, but often was produced around the world including Osaka, Japan; Saigon, South Vietnam; Cairo, Egypt; Bonn, Germany; or Paris, France. Boyd began an on-air career in Boston, Mass. in the 1970s as a general assignment reporter at WCVB-TV.",
"He co-anchored weekend newscasts from 1976 to 1984, early mornings from 1984 to 2000 and noontime newscasts from 1984 to 2006 when he was named special correspondent and field reporter for both WCVB's broadcast news operation and its website TheBostonChannel.com (now WCVB.com). He retired at the end of 2008. In 2009 Boyd enrolled as an undergraduate at University of Massachusetts Boston, transferred to Tufts University in Medford, Mass. and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology in 2013. Throughout his television career Boyd had been a member of AFTRA (The American federation of Television and Radio Artists) that merged with the Screen Actors Guild in 2012 to become SAG-AFTRA. In 2013 after graduating from Tufts, Boyd began acting in television series and motion pictures as an extra or background performer. Projects to date include: \"American Hustle\", \"The Equalizer\", \"The Judge\", \"The Forger\", \"Olive Kitteridge\", \"Unfinished Business\", \"Black Mass\", \"Ted 2\", and \"Spotlight\". Awards. Boyd received a Golden Circle award from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences New England chapter in 2011 and was inducted into the Massachusetts Broadcasters Hall of Fame in 2012. Charitable and Community Work. Boyd has done volunteer work with or served on the boards of the YMCA in Roxbury, Mass; Youth Enrichment Services (YES) in Boston, Mass; The Arthritis Foundation in Boston, Mass; and The Massachusetts Chapter of the Huntington's Disease Society of America.",
"He participates in the Screen Actors Guild Foundation Book Pals program and has been a volunteer parent/coach in the Needham Track Club, the Needham Soccer Club, St. Joseph's Parish Youth Basketball program in Needham, Mass and the Bay State Jaguars AAU Basketball program in Newton, Mass. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American actor (1933-2013)\nJames Andrew Boyd (November 11, 1933 – January 2, 2013) was an American actor, born in Philadelphia. Life and career. Boyd spent four years in the Air Force and studied at the American Academy for Dramatic Arts. He did voice work (along with Wayland Flowers and Cleavon Little) for puppets on \"The Surprise Show\", a children's program that aired locally in the New York City area during the 1960s. The puppets used on the show, called Aniforms, had been developed by puppeteer Morey Bunin. In 1971, the Children's Television Workshop (now Sesame Workshop) contacted Boyd because it wanted to use Aniforms in a television show that became known as \"The Electric Company\". During the first season, Boyd's voice was used extensively, especially for the character J. Arthur Crank, who was just an angry voice on the telephone at the time. Boyd was unseen until season two, when he became a visibly regular cast member, appearing on-camera until the show stopped production in 1977. Other characters he played included Andy, Wolfman, Blue Beetle, Paul the Gorilla, Fred Baxter, Steve Awesome, and Lorelei Loverly. Boyd also appeared in the 1974 TV movie \"Out to Lunch\", a Children's Television Workshop production in which the Muppets and casts of \"Sesame Street\" and \"The Electric Company\" take over the ABC News when the newsroom staff takes a lunch break. In 1993, Boyd played the role of Howard Turner in the TV series \"Law & Order\".",
"In 2006, he appeared in the TV documentary \"The Electric Company's Greatest Hits & Bits\", talking about his experience on \"The Electric Company\" in an interview. Boyd was the on-camera talent or voiceover talent for a number of industrial videos for a large body of corporate training and communication videos during the 1990s. Death. Boyd died on January 2, 2013, following a short illness. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "American TV news anchor and actor (born 1942)\nJim Boyd was a weekend, early morning and midday news anchor and reporter for WCVB-TV. He is currently working as an actor in major motion pictures and television productions. Early life and education. Born James Lloyd Boyd in Harlem, New York, he is the son of Edmonia Coleman, a secretary and receptionist and Leroy Homer Boyd, a postal worker, gospel singer and musician. His grandfather Arthur Leroy Boyd was first violinist in the Negro String Quartet that performed with singer Roland Hayes at New York's Carnegie Hall on November 27, 1925. Boyd had three siblings. He was born in Harlem Hospital, educated in New York City Schools (Public School 90, and Public School 68, Humboldt Junior High School 115 and George Washington High School (New York City) (class of 1958) and attended Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York and Fairleigh Dickinson University in Teaneck, New Jersey. Career. Boyd started his broadcasting career at National Educational Television in New York in 1961, beginning as a mail clerk, then production assistant, associate producer and eventually producer for News In Perspective a bi-weekly news analysis and background program produced in association with \"The New York Times\" and hosted by Lester Markel and Clifton Daniel. The program was generally produced in New York City and Washington, DC, but often was produced around the world including Osaka, Japan; Saigon, South Vietnam; Cairo, Egypt; Bonn, Germany; or Paris, France. Boyd began an on-air career in Boston, Mass. in the 1970s as a general assignment reporter at WCVB-TV.",
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popqa | 64f15482-9f18-4b97-a13a-f349936a2481 | What is Nosrat Karimi's occupation? | Nosrat Karimi | [
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"Iranian actor (1924–2019)\nNosrat Karimi (; 22 December 1924 – 3 December 2019) was an Iranian actor, director, make-up artist, professor, scriptwriter, and sculptor. His career spanned six decades. He was perhaps best known for his role as Agha Joon in \"My Uncle Napoleon\" and \"The Carriage Driver\". Career. After finishing elementary school, Karimi attended the German Polytechnic Institute. He then registered at the only drama school existing at that time in Tehran. There from 1938 to 1941 he studied dramatic art, the art of make-up and stage design. In 1940, Karimi worked as actor, make-up artist, and as stage designer in various Tehran theaters. At the beginning of 1953, Karimi travelled to Europe in order to complete his art degrees. In Rome, where he spent the first months of his stay, he became acquainted with famous Italian film directors Luchino Visconti and Vittorio De Sica. The neo-realistic films of De Sica (\"The Bicycle Thief\", \"Miracle in Milan \"... ) made an impression on him. After approximately six months, Karimi traveled to Vienna and finally to Prague. There he studied film direction and TV production, specializing in puppet and animation movies. His most important teacher at The Academy of Arts in Prague was Karel Zeman, the famous Czech animation artist. After Prague, he returned to Rome and stayed there for three years. He worked as assistant director for Vittorio De Sica, performed on the stage, appeared in musicals and dubbed a number of Italian movies for distribution in Iran.",
"In 1964, after eleven years in Europe, Karimi went back to Iran. In 1965, he was engaged by The Ministry of Art and Culture to run and extend the state workshop for animated cartoons. A little later, Karimi began his activity as professor at The Faculty of Fine Arts at Tehran University, as well as at The Academy of the Dramatic Arts, where he taught different art styles for more than twenty years. In the same period, Karimi produced two TV series: \"Mr. Plaintiff\", a puppet show and \"The Marriage\", a twenty-part family series about married life. Through these popular series, Karimi became known to a wide section of society of Iran. In 1969, Karimi began shooting the film \"The Thief and the Policeman\" - a Persian adaptation of the story of cops and robbers. However, after having finished the film for the most part, he gave up the direction due to interference from the producer. In the same year, the British director Terence Young shot some scenes of the film \"Poppy is also a Flower\" in Iran. He engaged Karimi as make-up artist for his lead Yul Brynner and other actors. From 1971 to 1973, Nosrat Karimi made three feature films: \"The Carriage Driver\", \"The Solution\" and \"A Bed for Three\" where he not only acted as director, but also wrote the film scripts and played the title roles. \"The Carriage Driver\" was a great success and went down well with the critics. This movie was chosen as the Iranian contribution for international film festivals. However, film authorities banned it from being shown abroad.",
"Only years later could the film be performed in European cinemas. The internationally acclaimed Iranian director Abbas Kiarostami, honoured with The Golden Palm of Cannes 1997 and numerous other international motion picture awards, praised the film as an important work of the Iranian Cinema. Karimi’s fame and great success resulted in attractive offers from many producers. Thus in the 1970s he played in a number of commercial films that were directed by others. He also played a supporting role in a Japanese-Iranian co-production. In 1975, the director and actor made his fourth and last movie \"The Miserable One\". Again, he wrote the screenplay. The film, a satire about the mounting tensions in the 1970s in Tehran, went down well and received notable reviews. In 1976, Karimi played one of the main characters of the TV series \"My Uncle Napoleon\". This is regarded as the most successful series ever run on Iranian television. A year later, the artist produced the TV series \"Khosro Mirsa II\". This 16-part series was a grotesque comedy about an aristocratic family descended from the Qajar dynasty. He then wrote another film script and was preparing his next movie, but for the time being film production was stopped during the Iranian Revolution. After the Revolution. After the Iranian Revolution Karimi was banned, for a long period, from working as a filmmaker or actor. During that time, he rediscovered his former interest for making sculptures. He made many mimic-sculptures which were shown in numerous national and international exhibitions.",
"In addition, Karimi wrote a number of screenplays for movie and TV productions; a few of them were commercialized under the name of others and others have not been realized until this day. Not until 1987, was Karimi allowed to perform a puppet piece again – \"The Uninvited Visitor\". Then, he made the animated cartoon \"Playmate\". In 1996/97, he produced for a private channel the puppet show \"Unruly\", a TV series that has been re-run repeatedly at the request of the spectators. His other works in the post-revolutionary era include the production and direction of a series of short TV films about pollution control and health care, as well as books about theatre and cinema. Nosrat Karimi lived with his wife Parvin Teymouri in the north of Tehran. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Nosrat (, also Romanized as Noşrat) is a village in Dehqanan Rural District, in the Central District of Kharameh County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 141, in 34 families. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 60121f60-46df-4137-b3cc-2d6c3a706c2c | What is Jörg A. Eggers's occupation? | Jörg A. Eggers | [
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"German film director\nJörg A. Eggers (born 15 June 1936) is a German film director and screenwriter. He directed 46 films between 1965 and 1998. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American academic administrator (1916–1994)\nMelvin Arnold Eggers (February 21, 1916 – November 20, 1994) was the ninth Chancellor and President of Syracuse University. Eggers took office in 1971, amidst tumult at Syracuse and other university campuses, and retired in 1991. He is the third-longest serving chancellor in Syracuse history. Early life and education. Eggers was born February 21, 1916, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and earned bachelor's and master's degrees in economics from Indiana University in 1940 and 1941, respectively. He served in the Navy as a Japanese-language officer during World War II and was discharged as a Lieutenant in 1946. Eggers had begun graduate work at the University of Chicago before the war, and continued it at Yale University after the war ended. Career at Syracuse. After receiving his Ph.D. in economics from Yale in 1950, Eggers became an assistant professor in the economics department at Syracuse University, where he subsequently became department chair (1960) and full professor (1963). As an economics professor, his specialization was in finance, industrial organization, and economic development. Eggers was appointed provost and vice chancellor for academic affairs on July 1, 1970. Chancellor and President. When the previous chancellor, John E. Corbally, unexpectedly left Syracuse to lead the University of Illinois system, Eggers was named the acting chancellor effective on March 15, 1971. He was formally appointed the ninth chancellor and president on June 4, 1971. Eggers took office in the midst of student demonstrations and strikes, primarily focused on ending the Vietnam War.",
"He also had to deal with the financial stress affecting similar private universities. SU was experiencing sharp drop in enrollments in hard sciences as the job market shifted from those fields. Within the same year, Eggers instituted a hiring freeze and raised tuition by 5% to balance the budget shortfall of several millions. Eggers is widely seen as having strengthened Syracuse academically and tangibly over his two decades as chancellor. During his tenure, enrollment rose by more than 3,000 students, the number of faculty members grew ~20%, and faculty grants almost doubled. Over 29 major buildings were either opened or renovated, including Center for Science and Technology, the Schine Student Center, the Crouse-Hinds Hall, and the Carrier Dome. He also directed renovation of the Hall of Languages. He created the a separate S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications within first few months of his post. Eggers also guided the university community through the trauma of the December 21, 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103, which crashed in Lockerbie, Scotland, killing 35 students who were returning from a semester of study at Syracuse's London campus. Eggers retired as chancellor in 1991. He was succeeded by Kenneth \"Buzz\" Shaw. Public service. Eggers served on numerous committees and his prominent role in state, local, and national affairs benefited SU as well as the wider community. At the national level, Eggers was an influential figure in the development of public policy for higher education. He was a member of the American Council on Education, former chairman of the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities.",
"A member of the Association of American Universities, he was chairman of the Committee on Research Libraries and served on its executive committee. At the state level, he served as a member of the New York State Commissioner's Advisory Council on Post Secondary Education, the Board of Trustees of the Commission on Independent Colleges and Universities of New York, and also as co-chairman of the Presidential Task Force on Financial Policy of the Association of Colleges and Universities of the State of New York. Locally, He consulted to several financial institutions, served on the boards of several local businesses and industries, was appointment to the Central New York Regional Economic Development Council, and chaired of the board of the Greater Syracuse Chamber of Commerce. Honors. Eggers received honorary doctorates from Nazareth College (New York) (1981), State University of New York (1985), and Indiana University (1986). He was awarded the Simon Le Moyne Medal from Le Moyne College in 1978. In 1979 he was designated by the Chamber as Businessman of the Year. Eggers Hall, which houses the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University was dedicated in his honor in October 1994. Death. He died at the age of 78 on November 20, 1994 at his home in DeWitt, a suburb of Syracuse. He was survived by his wife Mildred (née Chenoweth) and three adult children. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Eggers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Eggers."
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popqa | a2d3653e-388f-4a22-8655-db90c407cee1 | What is Duilio Forte's occupation? | Duilio Forte | [
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"Italian artist and architect (born 1967)\nDuilio Forte (born 5 November 1967) is a Swedish-Italian artist and architect. He works primarily with wood and iron, creating large sculptures and unique exterior sculptural saunas. He teaches at the Nuova Accademia Belle Arti di Milano and other institutions in Italy. Early life. Forte was born in Milan in 1967 and is half Italian, and half Swedish. His Italian father, Ettore Forte, was a surgeon and his Swedish mother was a housewife. He studied architecture at Polytechnic University of Milan, graduating in 1994. In 1994, he won the first prize in the San Carlo Borromeo at La Permanente of Milan with the Ekeberg Sauna, constructed in Sweden. Career. After college, Forte continued designing and building outdoor saunas, with each being a unique architectural design. On March 13, 1998, Forte founded AtelierFORTE, an architecture and sculpture research laboratory. AtelierFORTE specializes in unique outdoor saunas and other architectural installations. Its structures are designed according to Forte's \"ArkiZoic Manifesto,\" written in 2009 on the anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin\".\" The manifesto defines his style which is characterized by a union of architecture and the geologic periods. It includes eight points: method, evolution, mathematics, representation, structure, symmetry, materials, and decoration. Since 2003, Forte has organized and taught StugaProject, an annual art and architecture workshop near the town of Grythyttan in Sweden.",
"He also teaches materials technologies at Nuova Accademia Belle Arti di Milano in Milan, Italy. In 2008, Forte participated in the 11th International Architecture Exhibition of Venice, creating the installation \"Sleipnir Venexia\".\"\" In 2010, he was again invited to participate in the International Architecture Exhibition of Venice and created the installation \"Sleipnir Convivalis\". His \"Sleipnir\" series is inspired by the legend of Trojan horse and the Norse myth of Odin's eight-legged horse; it features sculptures that are up to tall. Forte also participated in the XXI Triennale International Exhibition of Milan in 2016 with his zoomorphic work \"URSUS\". Curator Beppe Finessi described Forte's process: \"His whole life is a workshop. He is the veritable 'Craftsman' of the Italian architecture, both designer and builder. He doesn't need to talk to the workers or constantly see what they are doing. He does everything himself. His pencil is a saw, his AutoCAD is a welder. He makes everything he needs with his own hands, partly because it would be very difficult to explain to anyone else what's going on inside his complicated, visionary, fantastic head.\" Forte became a member of the Swedish Association of Architects in 2005 and was nominated for the Yakov Chernikhov International Prize for young architects in 2010. Personal life. Forte lives in Milan a former textile factory that he purchased in 1998. The building is more than 100 years old.",
"His brother, Lucio, is an artist who lives in an adjacent factory building. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Duilio (born Lorenzo Duilio di Cicco, 23 February 1973, Basel) is a Swiss singer, best known for his participation in the 1994 Eurovision Song Contest. Duilio was chosen by broadcaster SRG SSR to represent Switzerland in the 39th Eurovision Song Contest with the song \"Sto pregando\" (\"I'm Praying\"). At the contest, held in Dublin on 30 April, \"Sto pregando\" could only finish in 20th place of 25 entries, meaning that under the rules in operation at the time, Switzerland would be 'relegated' and would not take part in the 1995 contest, marking their first absence since the Eurovision began in 1956. Duilio released one album, titled \"Duilio\" in 1994 but this did not prove successful. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Forte forte forte is a seventh studio album by Italian singer Raffaella Carrà. It came out in 1976 on the label CGD. Commercial performance. U.S. \"Billboard\" magazine wrote in its 24 December 1977 issue that according to CBS \"Forte forte forte\" was among the company's top selling albums over the past month. The single 53.53.456 was certified gold in Canada. GOLD RECORD:\nPLATINUM RECORD:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 5f611ba0-0624-4d64-b66d-53978f9edaea | What is Giovanni Grasso's occupation? | Giovanni Grasso | [
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"Italian judge\nGiovanni Grasso (born 25 April 1950 in Catania) is an Italian judge, serving as international judge of the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2016 to 2020. Biography. Grasso graduated in Law with honours from the University of Catania in November 1972. From 1976 to 1986 he served as judge - first as investigating judge at the Court of Milan, and then at the legislative office of the Italian Ministry of Justice, dealing with criminal law reform initiatives. Since 1986 he is full professor of criminal law at the University of Catania, also teaching European criminal law. He has authored a large number of scientific works in criminal law and european criminal law. From March 1996 to December 2003 Grasso served as a member (judge) of the Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina, also presiding the second panel and being vice-president of the Chamber from December 1998 to December 2002. In 2016, the ECtHR President Guido Raimondi appointed him as Judge of the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He retired in 2020 upon reaching the age of 70. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Grasso is a surname, and may refer to:\nPlace. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"American politician (1919–1981)\nElla Rosa Giovianna Oliva Grasso (née Tambussi; May 10, 1919 – February 5, 1981) was an American politician and member of the Democratic Party who served as the 83rd Governor of Connecticut from January 8, 1975, to December 31, 1980, after rejecting past offers of candidacies for Senate and Governor. She was the first woman elected Governor in Connecticut and the fourth woman to be elected governor of a U.S. state. She is also the first female governor to not be the spouse or widow of a former governor. She resigned as governor due to her battle with ovarian cancer. Grasso started in politics as a member of the League of Women Voters and Democratic speechwriter. She was first elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1952 and later became the first female Floor Leader in 1955. She was then elected as Secretary of the State of Connecticut in 1958 and served until 1971. Grasso went on to serve two terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1970 to 1974. Then she was elected Governor in 1974 and re-elected in 1978. Early life. Ella Rosa Giovianna Oliva Tambussi was born in Windsor Locks, Connecticut, to Italian immigrant parents Maria Oliva and James Giacomo Tambussi, a mill worker. Ella Tambussi learned to speak fluent Italian from her parents. She attended Chaffee School in Windsor. Although she excelled at Chaffee and was named most likely to become mayor in the school year book, Tambussi claimed she often felt out of place as someone from a poor mill town.",
"She went on to study sociology and economics at Mount Holyoke College, in South Hadley, Massachusetts, where she earned her B.A. in 1940. Two years later, she earned a master's degree, also from Mount Holyoke. After graduation, Grasso served as a researcher for the War Manpower Commission in Washington, D.C., rising to the position of assistant director of research before leaving the Commission in 1946. She married Thomas Grasso, a school principal, in 1942; they had two children, Susanne and James. Together the Grassos owned a movie theater in Old Lyme. In the summers, the couple would operate the theater, with Ella Grasso selling tickets at the box office. During Grasso's tenure in the United States House of Representatives, her family remained in Connecticut while Grasso commuted home from Washington, D.C., on weekends. Thomas Grasso retired when his wife became governor. Career. Early politics. Grasso's entry into politics came in 1942 when she joined the League of Women Voters. In 1943, she became a speechwriter for the Connecticut Democratic Party. After graduating from Mount Holyoke College she joined the Republicans until she switched in 1951 to the Democratic Party to support incumbent Governor Chester Bowles. Through the Connecticut Democratic Party, she met and became an ally of John Moran Bailey. Bailey would become a key figure in Grasso's career, recognizing her as someone who could appeal to voters, particularly women and Italian voters in the state. In 1952, Grasso was elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives and served until 1957."
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popqa | 4c39f148-8215-4015-b721-8d1976c22a36 | What is Adam Darr's occupation? | Adam Darr | [
"composer"
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"German musician (1811–1866)\nAdam Darr (29 September 1811 – 2 October 1866) was a German classical guitarist, singer, zither player and composer. Biography. Adam Darr was born in Schweinfurt, Kingdom of Bavaria, and started playing the guitar as a youth. Sometime after the age of 23, he left his hometown of Schweinfurt, performing abroad. Although secondary sources state that he performed for royal courts, no primary sources have been discovered to verify this claim. The first known performance of Darr is in April 1837 as a guitarist/vocalist in an ensemble known as the Bavaria Nature-Singers. It is known that he traveled with this ensemble in Belgium, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and Estonia. According to Bone (1914), he spent three years in St. Petersburg, Russia, from 1836 to 1839, after which he returned to Germany, where, in Würzburg, he became the private tutor of an English family resident there named Whitbread. It is believed that he performed in Paris, and it has been verified that he performed in Berlin. In Würzburg he met fellow-guitarist Friedrich Brand. Together they formed a duo and for a year or two, they traveled through southern Germany, performing in Munich, Weimar, and elsewhere. At Munich, Darr made the acquaintance of the Grand Duke of Bavaria's court zitherist Johann Petzmayer, who became his zither teacher. After five years of service to the Whitbread family, Darr ended his employment and in 1856 moved to Augsburg.",
"In the last ten years of his life, Darr composed music for the guitar and zither, including songs. During this time he published many works for the zither including his famous method. In the last year of his life, Darr became depressed due to a marital engagement that was terminated, and on 2 October 1866 he committed suicide by drowning himself in the river Lech at Augsburg. Darr was a prolific composer with over 300 known compositions to his name. Most of the known works by Darr are for the zither, he wrote more than 60 works for the guitar and also a respectable comic operetta for men's voices called \"Robinsonade\". Most of Darr's works were not published in his lifetime, which makes dating his music almost impossible. Many manuscripts and most of the printed music is preserved at the Bavarian State Library (Fritz Walter and Gabriele Wiedemann Collection). Selected compositions. Guitar solo\nGuitar duo\nZither\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"1993 Bollywood film\nDarr: A Violent Love Story (; lit. \"Fear\") is a 1993 Indian Hindi-language romantic psychological thriller film directed and produced by Yash Chopra under his banner Yash Raj Films. It stars Sunny Deol and Juhi Chawla in lead roles with Shah Rukh Khan as the main antagonist. Annu Kapoor, Tanvi Azmi, Anupam Kher and Dalip Tahil play supporting roles. In the film, Kiran Awasthi (Chawla) is stalked by her obsessive lover Rahul Mehra (Khan), who goes berserk when she gets engaged to Sunil Malhotra (Deol), a navy officer, and decides to forcefully claim Kiran for himself. \"Darr\" released on 24 December 1993, coinciding with the Christmas weekend, and emerged as a major commercial success and was declared a blockbuster at the box-office. The film ranked as the third highest-grossing Hindi film of the year and the highest-grossing Indian film of the year in overseas markets, the film. It received widespread critical acclaim upon release, with high praise for the direction, story, screenplay, soundtrack, cinematography, costumes and the performances of the cast. \"Darr\" proved to be a milestone for both Chawla and Khan's careers, catapulting them to superstardom.",
"The film emerged as Chawla's fourth consecutive commercial success that year, thus solidifying her career as a leading lady in the 1990s, while Khan's portrayal of an obsessive lover was widely applauded by critics and audiences alike. \"Darr\" won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment at the 41st National Film Awards. The film received 10 nominations at the 39th Filmfare Awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Chopra), Best Actor (Deol), Best Actress (Chawla) and Best Villain (Khan), and won two awards: Best Comedian (Kher), and Best Cinematography. Plot. Kiran Awasthi, a beautiful college student, visits her brother Vijay and his wife Poonam upon her return home. Rahul Mehra, her classmate who has a crush on her, is relentlessly following her. An SF officer in the Indian Navy named Lieutenant Sunil Malhotra is Kiran's boyfriend. His Commanding Officer Captain Avinash Mehra, is Rahul's father. Rahul makes an effort to be friendly with Sunil in order to be near Kiran. Rahul keeps calling her when she gets home and asks her to avoid Sunil, but despite her fear, she rejects Rahul's authority over her. She and her family are frightened when he visits her on both her birthday and Holi. Kiran and Sunil become engaged thanks to Vijay and Poonam, who think the stalker would never bother Kiran again. Upon learning this, a furious Rahul attempts to murder Sunil but is unsuccessful.",
"When Sunil is chasing Rahul, the stalker he doesn't know is Rahul, he has an accident and is taken to the hospital. Kiran chooses to flee the city so that the stalker won't harm her beloved any longer but is apprehended by Sunil, who marries her that very night. Rahul is enraged by this and vows to take Kiran for himself. He kills the police officers sent to protect the couple and vandalizes their new home with graffiti reading \" (Congrats on your marriage, Kiran) and \"\"\" (You are mine, Kiran). This horrifies Kiran, who worries that she might lose her mind. Sunil decides to take Kiran on a surprise honeymoon to Switzerland while booking extra tickets to Goa, so that the stalker goes away by misunderstanding that the couple is in Goa. Rahul falls for the trick and looks everywhere for Kiran in Goa in vain, but couldn't find her. Instead, he meets Vikram \"Vicky\" Oberoi, a friend from college, who is ill. Rahul then makes an effort to get to know Kiran's brother and sister-in-law by paying them daily visits to learn about Kiran's location. Vicky calls Rahul and invites him to meet him. When he does, he discovers him on his deathbed, pleading with Rahul to kill him since he can no longer bear the anguish. After a brief pause, he kills his companion while creating the illusion that Vicky was the stalker. Kiran's family believes the stalker killed himself after failing to find Kiran and relax."
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"doc_chunk": "German musician (1811–1866)\nAdam Darr (29 September 1811 – 2 October 1866) was a German classical guitarist, singer, zither player and composer. Biography. Adam Darr was born in Schweinfurt, Kingdom of Bavaria, and started playing the guitar as a youth. Sometime after the age of 23, he left his hometown of Schweinfurt, performing abroad. Although secondary sources state that he performed for royal courts, no primary sources have been discovered to verify this claim. The first known performance of Darr is in April 1837 as a guitarist/vocalist in an ensemble known as the Bavaria Nature-Singers. It is known that he traveled with this ensemble in Belgium, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and Estonia. According to Bone (1914), he spent three years in St. Petersburg, Russia, from 1836 to 1839, after which he returned to Germany, where, in Würzburg, he became the private tutor of an English family resident there named Whitbread. It is believed that he performed in Paris, and it has been verified that he performed in Berlin. In Würzburg he met fellow-guitarist Friedrich Brand. Together they formed a duo and for a year or two, they traveled through southern Germany, performing in Munich, Weimar, and elsewhere. At Munich, Darr made the acquaintance of the Grand Duke of Bavaria's court zitherist Johann Petzmayer, who became his zither teacher. After five years of service to the Whitbread family, Darr ended his employment and in 1856 moved to Augsburg.",
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popqa | b148fb30-aa7c-4a80-8a1b-923ebca0add3 | What is Paul Lieber's occupation? | Paul Lieber | [
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"American film, television and theatre actor\nPaul Lieber is an American film, television and theatre actor. He is perhaps best known for playing the role of Det. Sgt. Eric Dorsey on three episodes of the American sitcom television series \"Barney Miller\". Lieber guest-starred in television programs including \"Barney Miller\", \"Who's the Boss? \",”Dallas”, \"Cagney & Lacey\", \"Murder, She Wrote\", \"Night Court\", \"Silver Spoons\", \"Law & Order\", \"Monk\", \"Jake and the Fatman\", \"The X-Files\", \"Judging Amy\" and \"Curb Your Enthusiasm\". He also performed in two Broadway plays, \"And Miss Reardon Drinks a Little\" and \"Lenny\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Lieber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Lieber.",
"American code of conduct for warfare developed during the American Civil War\nThe Lieber Code (General Orders No. 100, April 24, 1863) was the military law that governed the wartime conduct of the Union Army by defining and describing command responsibility for war crimes and crimes against humanity; and the military responsibilities of the Union soldier fighting in the American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865) against the Confederate States of America (February 8, 1861 – May 9, 1865). The General Orders No. 100: \"Instructions for the Government of the Armies of the United States in the Field\" (Lieber Code) were written by Franz Lieber, a German lawyer, political philosopher, and combat veteran of the Napoleonic Wars. History. Background. At military age, the jurist Francis Lieber soldiered and fought in two wars, first for Prussia in the Napoleonic Wars (18 May 1803 – 20 November 1815) and then in the Greek War of Independence (21 February 1821 – 12 September 1829) from the Ottoman Empire (1299–1922). In his later career, Lieber was an academic at the College of South Carolina, in the southern region of United States of America. Although not personally an abolitionist, Lieber opposed slavery in principle and in practice because he had witnessed the brutalities of black chattel slavery in the South, from which he departed for New York City in 1857. In 1860, Professor Lieber taught history and political science at the Columbia Law School, and publicly lectured about the \"Laws and Usages of War\" proposing that the laws of war correspond to a legitimate purpose for the war.",
"During that time, Lieber had three sons who fought in the American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865): one in the Confederate Army, who was killed at the Battle of Eltham's Landing (May 7, 1862), and two in the Union Army. Later in 1862, in St. Louis, Missouri, while searching for the Union-soldier son wounded at the Battle of Fort Donelson (February 11–16, 1862), Lieber asked the help of his professional acquaintance Major General Henry W. Halleck, who had been a lawyer before the Civil War and was the author of \"International Law, or, Rules Regulating the Intercourse of States in Peace and War\" (1861), a book of political philosophy that emphasized legal correspondence between the \"casus belli\" and the purpose of the war. Legal dilemma. In fighting the Confederate Army, guerrillas, and civilian collaborators of the Confederacy, Union Army soldiers and officers faced ethical dilemmas of command responsibility concerning their summary execution \"in situ\", per military custom, because the 1806 Articles of War did not address the management and disposition of prisoners of war and irregular fighters; nor the management and safe disposition of escaped black slaves – who were not to be repatriated to the Confederacy, per the Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves (1862). To resolve the lack of military authority in the 1806 Articles of War, Commanding General of the Union Army Halleck commissioned Professor Lieber to write military laws specific to the modern warfare of the American Civil War.",
"For the Union Army's management and disposal of irregular fighters (guerrillas, spies, saboteurs, \"et al. \"), Lieber wrote the tract of military law \"Guerilla Parties Considered with Reference to the Laws and Usages of War\" (1862), which disallowed a soldier's POW-status to Confederate guerrillas and irregular fighters with three functional disqualifications: (i) guerrillas do not wear the army uniform of a belligerent party to the war; (ii) guerrillas have no formal chain of command, like a regular army unit; and (iii) guerrillas cannot take prisoners, as could an army unit. At the end of 1862, General Halleck and War Secretary Stanton commissioned Lieber to revise the military law of the 1806 Articles of War to include the practical considerations of military necessity and the humanitarian needs of civilian populations under military occupation. The editorial-revision committee, Major General Ethan A. Hitchcock and Major General George Cadwalader, Major General George L. Hartsuff and Brigadier General John Henry Martindale, requested from Lieber comprehensive military laws to govern the Union Army's prosecution of the Civil War. Gen. Halleck edited Lieber's military law to concur with the Emancipation Proclamation (1 January 1863), and, on April 24, 1863, President Lincoln promulgated General Orders No. 100, \"Instructions for the Government of the Armies of the United States in the Field\", the Lieber Code. Legal provisions. For the Union Army's prosecution of the American Civil War, General Order No."
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popqa | 157c3c0a-d614-4437-9b11-66ba60533505 | What is Keiko Aizawa's occupation? | Keiko Aizawa | [
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"Aizawa (相沢 \"fellow swamp\") is a Japanese surname. Alternate writings include 相澤 (\"fellow swamp\"), 藍澤 (\"indigo swamp\") and 藍沢 (\"indigo swamp\"). Notable people with the surname include:\nFictional characters. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Keiko may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
", born , was a Japanese samurai (retainer of the Mito Domain) and a nationalist thinker of the Mito school during the late shogunate period. In 1799 he became involved in the compilation of the \"Dai Nihon-shi\" (Great History of Japan) being undertaken by the Mito school. In 1825 he wrote his \"Shinron\" (\"New Theses\"), a collection of essays that dealt with issues such as Tokugawa defence policy and how the ships were a threat to Japan. Aizawa also tried to describe conditions in the West and theorize why those states had gained so much control; in his opinion Westerners used religion to inculcate conformity in the masses. He also claimed that Christianity was used by the colonial powers to subvert native cultures and governments by creating a fifth column that would collaborate with and facilitate military conquest by Europeans. He discussed the religious policies established by the Toyotomi government and continued by their successors, the Tokugawa shogunate, in this context. Furthermore, he believed that if Japan's way of life was to survive, it would need to take up its own state religion in order to prevent cultural assimilation via Christianization and discussed the concept of \"kokutai\" (\"national polity\") in this context. The \"Shinron\" would become an important work for the \"sonnō jōi\" movement and his theory of the Kokutai would be developed by future thinkers.",
"In 1840 Aizawa became the first head of professors of the Mito school's \"Kōdōkan\" but was forced to resign in 1844 when Tokugawa Nariaki resigned as domain leader. He later returned to the \"Kōdōkan\". Quotes. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />Our Divine Land is where the sun rises and where the primordial energy originates. The heirs of the Great Sun have occupied the Imperial Throne from generation to generation without change from time immemorial. Japan's position at the vertex of the earth makes it the standard for the nations of the world. Indeed, it casts its light over the world, and the distance which the resplendent imperial influence reaches knows no limit. Today, the alien barbarians of the West, the lowly organs of the legs and feet of the world, are dashing about across the seas, trampling other countries underfoot, and daring, with their squinting eyes and limping feet, to override the noble nations. What manner of arrogance is this!"
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popqa | 8049a209-1c8f-4c04-87ac-578f5acf1eb5 | What is Petros Efthymiou's occupation? | Petros Efthymiou | [
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"Greek politician (born 1950)\nPetros Efthymiou (, born 27 March 1950) is a Greek academic and politician of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement. A former minister and MEP, he is currently (since October 2009) the parliamentary spokesman of his party. Early life. He was born in Larissa, Thessaly, and graduated from the Philosophical School of the University of Ioannina. In 1974, he was a founding member of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK). Until 1979, he worked as a teacher of the Greek language in secondary education, as well as a journalist and editor for the party's \"Agonistis\" youth magazine and the \"Sosialistiki Poreia\" weekly newspaper. Career. In 1980-85 he was editor-in-chief of the political journal \"Anti\". From 1982 he occupied the post of Special Advisor for Educational Issues at the Ministry of Youth and Sports, before being named Secretary General for Media at the Ministry for the Press and Media for a short term in 1985. From 1986 to 1999, he worked as political editor at the \"To Vima\" daily, and also as a talk show host for the NET public television network (1994–1999) and as a visiting lecturer at the Panteion University in 1994-95. In 1998, he was awarded the prize for “Excellency in Journalism”, by the President of the Hellenic Republic, Konstantinos Stefanopoulos.",
"At the 1999 European election he was elected to the European Parliament, serving until 11 April 2000, being a member in the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security and Defense Policy and the Committee on Culture, Youth, Education, Media and Sports. Subsequently, and until PASOK's electoral defeat in March 2004, he occupied the post of Minister of National Education and Religious Affairs. In the same elections, he was for the first time elected as an MP for the Athens B constituency, being subsequently re-elected at the national elections of 16 September 2007 and 4 October 2009. He served as Press Spokesman and Secretary of the Relations Sector of PASOK in 2006–2007, as well as coordinator of the Economy Sector in the PASOK Parliamentary Committee (2006) and as a member of the Standing Committees on Social Affairs (2007–2008), Financial Affairs, and the Committee for the Constitutional Amendment. He is currently a member of the Standing Committee on Defense and Foreign Affairs as well as member of the Standing Committee on Cultural and Educational Affairs, as well as the spokesman of PASOK's Parliamentary Group since October 2009. Also he was elected President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (O.S.C.E), in Oslo in July 2010. Personal life. He is married with the journalist Anastassia Parentzoglou and has two children, named Seline and Paul.",
"Cypriot footballer\nAngelos Efthymiou (; born 18 January 1984) is a former Cypriot footballer who currently works as assistant manager for Pafos FC alongside Sofoklis Sofokleous. Career. Efthymiou previously played for APOP Kinyras Peyias FC, Apollon Limassol, AEP Paphos. After failing to appear in any competitive matches for Apollon Limassol he moved to APOP Kinyras Peyias FC. On 17 May 2009 he celebrated winning the 2008–09 Cypriot Cup with APOP Kinyras Peyias FC, and he scored one of the goals in the final as they defeated AEL Limassol. On May 22, 2009, he signed for AEL Limassol. In July 2010, he returned to Paphos to play for AEP Paphos F.C. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Cypriot footballer\n Lazaros Efthymiou (Greek: Λάζαρος Ευθυμίου; born 19 April 1999) is a Cypriot footballer who plays as a defender for the Yale Bulldogs. Anorthosis Famagusta. Debut. Lazaros Efthymiou made his debut for Anorthosis in a match against AEK Larnaca. College career. Lazaros is currently a sophomore. He is retired from the men's soccer team at Yale University, having made four appearances as a freshman. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Greek footballer (born 1999)\nVasilios Efthymiou (; born 17 March 1999) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a winger for Gamma Ethniki club GS Marko. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 691eaef5-3cd5-4866-824f-47aaf2735de1 | What is Isobel Pravda's occupation? | Isobel Pravda | [
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"Isobel Pravda is an English actress and the granddaughter of Czech actors George Pravda and Hana Maria Pravda. Career. Pravda played the female lead, Camille Monet, opposite Richard Armitage in the BBC1 series \"The Impressionists\" (2006). She had the role of Misha in three episodes of \"Murphy's Law\" (2006) and DC Carla Masters in Double Dare for the series \"Silent Witness\" (2007). She played Maria Bopkova in two episodes of (2012) and Anya alongside Tom Hollander in two episodes of the BBC2 series \"Ambassadors\" (2013). Pravda's film work includes Bianca in RSA's \"Someone Else\" (2005) and a cameo in Kenneth Brannagh's (2013). Isobel Pravda was the face of Unilever's Neutral skincare range 2013/2014 campaign for Northern Europe. On stage, Pravda played Portia in \"Julius Caesar\" at the Menier Chocolate Factory's opening production in 2004. Her other stage work includes: Magdalena in \"Fighting the Tide\" for Hull Truck Theatre (2002); Clare in the New End Theatre's \"Commanding Voices\" (2002) with Jeremy Child; Lily in \"Zadie's Shoes\" at the Finborough Theatre (2003); Miss Bingley in The Good Company's National tour of \"Pride and Prejudice\" (2005); Ana in \"Ana in Love\" at The Hackney Empire (2006); and Tara in \"The Death of Cool\" at the Tristan Bates Theatre (2007).",
"Pravda is currently working as a professional drama teacher in Reading, helping high school students to pursue their admired careers as actors/actresses. The Czech Connection. Isobel Pravda's grandmother, Hana Maria Pravda, was a Czech Jew who survived Auschwitz. A diary which she wrote on the Death March was discovered many years after the war and was exhibited at the Imperial War Museum in London. Isobel was asked to do a reading of the diary for Holocaust Memorial Day 2007 at the museum. Tomáš Hrbek, Lucie Kolouchová and Daniel Hrbek from Švandovo divadlo wrote the play \"The Good and the True\", based on her grandmother's diary. She played her grandmother in the 2013/2014 tour to Prague, London, Brussels and New York. Personal life. Her father, Dr. Alex Pravda, is an academic. He is a member of the Governing Body of St Antony's College, Oxford. Her mother, Imogen Martin, taught Classics and English. She has two sons. She is now a Drama teacher at Reading Girls’ School in Whitley, Reading. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Russian newspaper founded in 1912\nPravda (Russian: , , lit. 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a circulation of 11 million. The newspaper began publication on 5 May 1912 in the Russian Empire but was already extant abroad in January 1911. It emerged as the leading government newspaper of the Soviet Union after the October Revolution. The newspaper was an organ of the Central Committee of the CPSU between 1912 and 1991. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, \"Pravda\" was sold by the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin to a Greek business family in 1992, and the paper came under the control of their private company Pravda International. In 1996, there was an internal dispute between the owners of Pravda International and some of the \"Pravda\" journalists that led to \"Pravda\" splitting into different entities. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) acquired the \"Pravda\" paper, while some of the original Soviet \"Pravda\" journalists separated to form Russia's first online paper \"Pravda Online\" (now \"Pravda.ru\"), which is not connected to the Communist Party. The \"Pravda\" paper is still run by the CPRF, whereas the online \"Pravda.ru\" is privately owned and has international editions published in Russian, English, French, and Portuguese.",
"After a legal dispute between the rival parties, the Russian court of arbitration stipulated that both entities would be allowed to continue using the \"Pravda\" name. Origins. Pre-revolutionary \"Pravda\". Though \"Pravda\" officially began publication on 5 May 1912 (22 April 1912 OS), the anniversary of Karl Marx's birth, its origins trace back to 1903 when it was founded in Moscow by a wealthy railway engineer, V.A. Kozhevnikov. \"Pravda\" had started publishing in the light of the Russian Revolution of 1905. At the time when the paper was founded, the name \"Pravda\" already had a clear historical connotation, since the law code of the Medieval Kievan Rus' was known as \"Russkaya Pravda\"; in this context, \"Pravda\" meant \"Justice\" rather than \"Truth\", \"Russkaya Pravda\" being \"Russian Justice\". This early law code had been rediscovered and published by 18th-century Russian scholars, and, in 1903, educated Russians with some knowledge of their country's history could have been expected to know the name. During its earliest days, \"Pravda\" had no political orientation. Kozhevnikov started it as a journal of arts, literature and social life. Kozhevnikov was soon able to form up a team of young writers including A.A. Bogdanov, N.A Rozhkov, M.N Pokrovsky, I.I Skvortsov-Stepanov, P.P Rumyantsev and M.G.",
"Lunts, who were active contributors on 'social life' section of \"Pravda\". Later, they became the editorial board of the journal, and, in the near future, also became the active members of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). Because of certain quarrels between Kozhevnikov and the editorial board, he had asked them to leave and the Menshevik faction of the RSDLP took over as the editorial board. But the relationship between them and Kozhevnikov was also a bitter one. The Ukrainian political party Spilka, which was also a splinter group of the RSDLP, took over the journal as its organ. Leon Trotsky was invited to edit the paper in 1908, and the paper was moved to Vienna in 1909. By then, the editorial board of \"Pravda\" consisted of hard-line Bolsheviks who sidelined the Spilka leadership soon after it shifted to Vienna. Trotsky had introduced a tabloid format to the newspaper and distanced itself from the intra-party struggles inside the RSDLP. During those days, \"Pravda\" gained a large audience among Russian workers. By 1910, the Central Committee of the RSDLP suggested making \"Pravda\" its official organ. At the sixth conference of the RSDLP held in Prague in January 1912, the Menshevik faction was expelled from the party. The party under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin decided to make \"Pravda\" its official party organ."
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popqa | 60fd8745-ca21-4159-b5c6-2a732e4658fc | What is Seungri's occupation? | Seungri | [
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"South Korean former singer-songwriter (born 1990)\nLee Seung-hyun (Korean: ; born December 12, 1990), better known by the stage name Seungri (Korean: ; lit. Victory), is a South Korean former singer-songwriter and convicted criminal. He is a former member of the South Korean boy band BigBang formed by YG Entertainment. In the mid-2000s, Seungri rose to prominence as a member of the South Korean boy band BigBang. With the release of the group's second studio album \"Remember\" (2008), which included a solo performance by Seungri, he began to adopt a more mature image as an artist. Seungri furthered this image with the release of his chart-topping EP, \"V.V.I.P\" (2011). It yielded two singles: \"VVIP\" and \"What Can I Do\" (Korean: ; RR: ). His second Korean EP \"Let's Talk About Love\" (2013) fared better, becoming his second number one album with 80,000 copies sold. It was supported by \"Gotta Talk to You\" (Korean: ; RR: ), which was later re-released in Japan as his first full Japanese studio album, with re-recordings of his previous songs in Japanese. He then released his first Korean studio album, \"The Great Seungri\" (2018).",
"Outside of music, he made his theatrical debut with the musical \"Sonagi\" in 2008 and went on to star in films such as \"Nineteen\" (2009) and \"Why Did You Come to My House?\" (2009). He started in television with the Japanese drama \"Kindaichi Shonen no Jikenbo\" (2013) and the South Korean television series \"Angel Eyes\" (2014). On March 11, 2019, Seungri departed from BigBang and retired from the entertainment industry after allegations that he provided female clients of his club as sex workers for investors after drugging them. He was charged with sexual bribery and embezzlement, and convicted in 2020 after the police investigation of the Burning Sun scandal. Seungri's military trial commenced on September 16, 2020, where he denied 7 of his 8 charges. A military court found Seungri guilty on all charges and sentenced him to three years of imprisonment and a fine of 1.15 billion won (US$970,000) on August 12, 2021, which was reduced to 18 months on January 27, 2022, based on his admission of guilt. During the sentence reduction, Seungri pleaded guilty to all charges brought against him and expressed that he \"will reflect on his actions\". He was released from prison on February 9, 2023. Early life and education. Seungri was born and raised in Gwangju, South Korea.",
"After passing his college entrance exams, Seungri was accepted by Chung-Ang University and began his college education in the spring of 2010, along with Yuri and Sooyoung of Girls' Generation. He dropped out of Chung-Ang University in 2012 after being placed on academic probation several times due to his demanding schedule with BigBang, opting instead to enroll at Gukje Digital University so he could take online classes and attend his schedules at the same time. Career. Early beginnings and debut with Big Bang. Seungri was noted for his dancing skills growing up, with the singer participating in the dance group II Hwa. Hoping to pursue a career in the entertainment industry, Seungri appeared in survival program \"Let's Coke Play! Battle Shinhwa\", a reality television series to find the next Shinhwa. He was eventually eliminated in the ninth episode. Following his appearance on the show, Seungri was scouted by YG Entertainment to audition for the new boy band, Big Bang, alongside five other members: T.O.P, Taeyang, G-Dragon, Daesung, and Hyun-seung. The formation of the group was documented on television. Despite the initial plan of debuting six members, Seungri and Hyun-seung risked elimination due to their lack of stage presence and were given one final opportunity to impress Yang Hyun-suk, founder of YG Entertainment. Ultimately Seungri was chosen to stay, while Hyung-seung (who went on to debut with the boy band Beast) was dropped before the official debut.",
"Following the release of several single albums, BigBang's first album \"Big Bang Vol.1 – Since 2007\" was a moderate success. Seungri also recorded his first solo song \"The Next Day\" (Korean: ; RR: ) for the album. The group's breakthrough came with the release of their first extended play, \"Always\" (2007), which included the number one song \"Lies\" (Korean: ; RR: ). The song went on to top major Korean music charts for a record-breaking seven consecutive weeks,[3 and won the group the Song of the Year award at the 9th Mnet Korean Music Festival. [4 Their following EPs followed its predecessor's footsteps: \"Hot Issue\" yielded \"Last Farewell\" (Korean: ; RR: ) while \"Stand Up\" spawned \"Day by Day\" (Korean: ; RR: ); both singles were chart-toppers. Seungri continued to hone his dancing skills by competing against bandmate Taeyang in several dance competitions, as well as against Super Junior's Eunhyuk, TVXQ's Yunho and Shinee's Taemin. He also choreographed a large portion of BigBang's dances. 2008–2011: Solo career development, acting, and \"VVIP\". In 2008, members of BigBang began branching out to develop their solo careers. Seungri became the first member of BigBang to act in a musical with \"Sonagi\" in 2008. He also ventured into hosting, becoming a host for MBC's music program \"Show!",
"Music Core\" alongside Daesung. After filming wrapped up, Seungri went back into the studio with BigBang to record for their second Korean studio album, \"Remember\" (2008). The album was promoted with two singles: \"Sunset Glow\" (Korean: ; RR: ) and \"Strong Baby\", a solo release by Seungri. In order to shed the \"youngest member\" image from BigBang, he promoted the single with a more mature look complete with a stylized dance. He won his first triple crown for \"Strong Baby\" on SBS's live music show \"Inkigayo\". When promotional activities for \"Remember\" ended, Seungri returned to acting and starred in his first film \"Why Did You Come to My House? \", playing the love interest of Kang Hye-jung. He then starred in his second musical \"Shouting\", alongside bandmate Daesung, who was unable to perform at the last minute due to a car accident. The same year, he also starred in the film \"19-Nineteen\" alongside fellow member T.O.P. Seungri's first extended play, \"V.V.I.P\", was released on January 20, 2011, with two singles: \"VVIP\" and \"What Can I Do\". To establish an identity away from BigBang through his music, Seungri involved himself in the production of the album, composing and writing six out of the seven songs. \"VVIP\" and \"What Can I Do\" won a triple crown on Mnet's \"M!"
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"doc_chunk": "Outside of music, he made his theatrical debut with the musical \"Sonagi\" in 2008 and went on to star in films such as \"Nineteen\" (2009) and \"Why Did You Come to My House?\" (2009). He started in television with the Japanese drama \"Kindaichi Shonen no Jikenbo\" (2013) and the South Korean television series \"Angel Eyes\" (2014). On March 11, 2019, Seungri departed from BigBang and retired from the entertainment industry after allegations that he provided female clients of his club as sex workers for investors after drugging them. He was charged with sexual bribery and embezzlement, and convicted in 2020 after the police investigation of the Burning Sun scandal. Seungri's military trial commenced on September 16, 2020, where he denied 7 of his 8 charges. A military court found Seungri guilty on all charges and sentenced him to three years of imprisonment and a fine of 1.15 billion won (US$970,000) on August 12, 2021, which was reduced to 18 months on January 27, 2022, based on his admission of guilt. During the sentence reduction, Seungri pleaded guilty to all charges brought against him and expressed that he \"will reflect on his actions\". He was released from prison on February 9, 2023. Early life and education. Seungri was born and raised in Gwangju, South Korea.",
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popqa | 1714727f-aec8-438a-b9b6-ad7d77cfcfde | What is DM Sevilla's occupation? | DM Sevilla | [
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"Filipino actor and dancer\nDenmark Sevilla popularly known as DM Sevilla (born 29 January 1987) is a Filipino actor and dancer. Sevilla was born in Santa Maria, Bulacan, Philippines. He is one of the final top 5 members of Star Circle Quest batch 2004 together with Erich Gonzales. He is currently working on ABS-CBN and best known for his as Romeo in \"Princess and I\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Internet country-code top level domain for the Commonwealth of Dominica\n.dm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Commonwealth of Dominica in the eastern Caribbean. Registrants of a second-level .dm domain get the corresponding third-level names within .com.dm, .net.dm and .org.dm automatically included. There are no restrictions on who can register these names, but they are not very heavily used. One example of a \".dm\" web property is a URL shortener, play.dm, used exclusively by Playdom, which is an example of domain hacking. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"DM, Dm, dm, or D.M. may stand for:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" /><templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC limit/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Dwarf nova in the constellation Lyra\n</td>\n! style=\"text-align: center; background-color: #FFFFC0;\" colspan=\"2\" | Observation dataEpoch J2000.0\n Equinox J2000.0\n! style=\"text-align:left\" | Constellation\n! style=\"text-align:left\" | Right ascension\n! style=\"text-align:left\" | Declination\n! style=\"text-align:left\" | Apparent magnitude (V)\n! style=\"background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"| Characteristics\n! style=\"text-align:left\" | Spectral type\n! style=\"text-align:left\" | Variable type\n</th></tr>\nDM Lyrae (DM Lyr for short) is a dwarf nova in the constellation Lyra. This binary system is composed of a primary star of unknown type, and a white dwarf companion. It erupted in 1928 and 1996 and reached about magnitude 13. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Protein family\nIn molecular biology the DM domain is a protein domain first discovered in the doublesex proteins of \"Drosophila melanogaster\" and is also seen in \"C. elegans\" and mammalian proteins. In \"D. melanogaster\" the doublesex gene controls somatic sexual differentiation by producing alternatively spliced mRNAs encoding related sex-specific polypeptides. These proteins are believed to function as transcription factors on downstream sex-determination genes, especially on neuroblast differentiation and yolk protein genes transcription. The DM domain binds DNA as a dimer, allowing the recognition of pseudopalindromic sequences . The NMR analysis of the DSX DM domain revealed a novel zinc module containing 'intertwined' CCHC and HCCC zinc-binding sites. The recognition of the DNA requires the carboxy-terminal basic tail which contacts the minor groove of the target sequence. Proteins with this domain. Proteins with the DM domain are found in many model organisms. Many \"C. elegans\" Mab proteins contain this domain, the best-known one being mab-3. Human proteins containing this domain include DMRT1, DMRT2, DMRT3, DMRTA1, DMRTA2, DMRTB1, and DMRTC2; each of these have a mouse homolog. DMRT1 homologs have an additional common domain C-terminal to the DM domain."
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popqa | 41b26e08-614b-4957-9fcb-ed99f1870429 | What is Carlo Giustini's occupation? | Carlo Giustini | [
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"Italian actor (1916–2005)\nCarlo Giustini (4 May 1916 – 26 October 2005), sometimes credited as Carlo Justini, was an Italian actor. Life and career. Born in Viterbo, the son of a railway employee, Giustini debuted at twenty years old in \"The Materassi Sisters\", after having been chosen through an audition. In the postwar years he was very active in the sentimental and adventurous genres, in which he usually played secondary and supporting roles. He was also cast in several international productions, mainly thanks to his perfect English. He retired from acting shortly after having appeared in two sci-fi films directed back-to-back by Antonio Margheriti in 1965, \"Wild, Wild Planet\" and \"War of the Planets\". Giustini died in Rome on 26 October 2005, at the age of 89. Selected filmography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>",
"Giustini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Giustini.",
"Italian footballer\nAlessio Giustini (born 27 July 1991 in Sora) is an Italian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Giulianova on loan from Pescara. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian composer\nLodovico Giustini (12 December 1685 – 7 February 1743) was an Italian composer and keyboard player of the late Baroque and early Classical eras. He was the first known composer ever to write music for the piano. Life. Giustini was born in Pistoia, of a family of musicians which can be traced back to the early 17th century; coincidentally he was born in the same year as Bach, Scarlatti, and Handel. Giustini's father was organist at the Congregazione dello Spirito Santo, a Jesuit-affiliated group, and an uncle, Domenico Giustini, was also a composer of sacred music. In 1725, on his father's death, Giustini became organist at the Congregazione dello Spirito Santo, and acquired a reputation there as a composer of sacred music: mostly cantatas and oratorios. In 1728 he collaborated with Giovanni Carlo Maria Clari on a set of Lamentations which were performed that year. In 1734 he was hired as organist at S Maria dell'Umiltà, the Cathedral of Pistoia, a position he held for the rest of his life. In addition to playing the organ at both religious institutions, he performed on the harpsichord at numerous locations, often in his own oratorios. Works and influence.",
"Giustini's main fame rests on his work \"12 Sonate da cimbalo di piano e forte detto volgarmente di martelletti, Op.1\", published in Florence in 1732, which is the earliest music in any genre written specifically for the piano. They are dedicated to Dom António de Bragança, the younger brother of King João V of Portugal (the Portuguese court was one of the few places where the early piano was frequently played). These pieces, which are sonate da chiesa, with alternating fast and slow sections (four or five movements per sonata), predate all other music specifically written for the piano by about 30 years. Giustini used all the expressive capabilities of the instrument, such as wide dynamic contrast: expressive possibilities which were not available on other keyboard instruments of the time. Harmonically the pieces are transitional between late Baroque and early Classical period practice, and include innovations such as augmented sixth chords and modulations to remote keys. James Parakilas points out that it is quite surprising that these works should have been published at all. At the time of composition, there existed only a very small number of pianos, owned mainly by royalty. He conjectures that publication of the work was meant as an honor to Giustini; it \"represents a gesture of magnificent presentation to a royal musician, rather than an act of commercial promotion.\" While many performances of his large-scale sacred works are documented, all of that music is lost, with the exception of fragments such as scattered arias."
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popqa | d9a5a587-a6a5-4121-8c8c-001dd81dc6c0 | What is Hugo Becker's occupation? | Hugo Becker (actor) | [
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"French actor\nHugo Becker (born 13 May 1986) is a French actor, director and producer. He is known for his roles as Louis Grimaldi in the American drama television series \"Gossip Girl\" and Romain in the French thriller series \"Chefs\". Career. Becker attended the Conservatory of Dramatic Art in France, the court Florent (Olga Hörstig Prize) and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art of London. He was part of the promotion of Young Talents Cannes in 2010. That same year, he made his debut on screen in a variety of roles. He played a young politician in \"L'Assaut\", directed by Julien Leclercq, an alcoholic hitchhiker in \"La Proie\", directed by Eric Valette, a student in Marie-Castille Mention Schaar's \"Ma Première Fois\" and a young businessman in \"La Croisière\", by Pascale Pouzadoux. In 2010, he made his debut in Hollywood, playing Louis Grimaldi, Prince of Monaco, in the CW drama \"Gossip Girl\". Initially, he signed on for two episodes in the fourth season. Later, his role was extended for another eighteen episodes. In 2011, he played Xavier in the American film \"Damsels in Distress\", directed by Whit Stillman. The film closed the 68th Venice Film Festival and was selected at the Toronto Film Festival. In 2012, Becker starred as Antoine Lavoisier in the American docufiction \"Mystery of the Matter\", directed by Mr. Meyer.",
"In 2013, Hugo played Isaac Dreyfuss, a football star involved in a terrorist affair, for two episodes of the BBC1 series Silent Witness. In 2014, he played the role of Romain in the 6 episodes of the miniseries \"Chefs\" alongside Clovis Cornillac, for which he received the Adami Prize for the best promising actor at the Luchon festival. Since 2014, he has been one of the producers at Nouvelle Donne Productions. In 2015 and 2018, he played the lead role of André Merlaux, a young recruit to the French secret service in the year 1960, in the two seasons (24 episodes) of the French television series \"Au service de la France\", known in English as \"A Very Secret Service\". In 2016, he began playing the role of Cyril Balsan in the political drama series \"Baron Noir\" alongside Niels Arestrup, Kad Merad and Anna Mouglalis. In the same year, he starred in a main role alongside Yon González and Lluís Homar in the Spanish crime drama series \"Bajo sospecha\". He played the role of a police officer infiltrated to find a missing person in a hospital in Madrid. He also played the role of Guillaume in the comedy \"Un jour mon prince\", directed by Flavia Coste. In 2018, he starred in Xavier Durringer's \"Paradise Beach\" alongside Sami Bouajila, Kool Shen, Seth Gueko and Tewfik Jallab.",
"In the same year, he starred in \"Jusqu'ici tout va bien\", by Mohamed Hamidi, alongside Gilles Lellouche, Malik Bentalha and Sabrina Ouazani. In 2019, he starred as Paul Vanhove in the Netflix science fiction series \"Osmosis\". He is set to play a role as Paul WR in \"Le dernier voyage de l'énigmatique Paul W.R.\" by Romain Quirot and as Max in the film \"Döner\" directed by Jean-Luc Herbulot. Hugo Becker is fluent in English and Spanish. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German cellist\nHugo Becker (born Jean Otto Eric Hugo Becker, 13 February 1863, died 30 July 1941) was a prominent German cellist, cello teacher, and composer. He studied at a young age with Alfredo Piatti, and later Friedrich Grützmacher in Dresden. Biography. He was born in 1863 in Strasbourg (then part of France, but transferred to the German Empire in 1871); his father Jean Becker was a famous violinist. His father tried teaching him violin at the age of six, but the young Becker loved cello, and switched over at the age of nine. By age fifteen he was touring with a string quartet made up of him, his father, sister, and brother. He had also become a leading cellist in the court orchestra in Mannheim. In 1884, Becker was appointed solo cellist with the Frankfurt Opera Orchestra, and the following year became the leading cello teacher at the Frankfurt Hoch Conservatory. From 1909 to 1929, he was professor of cello at the Hochschule für Musik in Berlin; among his students was George Georgescu, who would replace him as cellist in the Marteau Quartet before forsaking the cello for the conductor's podium on account of a hand injury. Later, Georgescu would remark, \"All I know, I learned from Hugo Becker.\" Becker also gave finishing lessons to Beatrice Harrison. During this time Becker also toured extensively and played chamber music with Eugène Ysaÿe and Ferruccio Busoni in a piano trio., and later with Artur Schnabel and Carl Flesch as the third Schnabel Trio between 1914 and 1921.",
"He died on 30 July 1941. Legacy. He owned two Stradivarius cellos: the 1700 \"Cristiani\" and another one built in 1719 now known as the \"Becker\". Two movements from Becker's composition \"Liebesleben\", Op. 7 (1894) for cello and piano have been recorded by Adrian Bradbury and Andrew West. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 0846600f-fc75-405c-8acc-53f0e32cfade | What is Per Risvik's occupation? | Per Risvik | [
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"Norwegian politician (1937–2023)\nPer Risvik (4 September 1937 – 22 November 2023) was a Norwegian politician for the Progress Party. He was born in Herøy, Møre og Romsdal to a shopowning family. After finishing vocational school in 1955 he was a shop clerk. He attended mercantile school from 1959 to 1960 and was then a travelling salesman before owning his own business. Risvik entered politics as a deputy member of Trondheim city council in 1983, being elected as a regular member in 1987. He also held municipal posts such as being a member of the board of the fire department and the port authority. He was elected to the Storting from Sør-Trøndelag in 1989, serving on the Standing Committee on Transport and Communications. Risvik was also leader of Trondheim Progress Party from 1988 to 1990, deputy leader of Sør-Trøndelag Progress Party from 1989 to 1991 and leader of Sør-Trøndelag Progress Party from 1994 to 1995. He was also active in the Norges Huseierforbund for decades, serving as national vice president from 1997 to 2002. From 2000 to 2003 he had a second stint in local politics, being elected to Sør-Trøndelag county council. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Norwegian translator\nKari Risvik (13 June 1932 – 6 November 2021) was a Norwegian translator, one of the most productive translators of literature into Norwegian language. She has translated books from several languages, including English, Spanish and German. She received the Fritt Ord Honorary Award in 1996, for bringing works by Salman Rushdie into Norwegian. She was awarded the Brage Honorary Prize, in 2006, along with her husband Kjell Risvik. Risvik died on 6 November 2021. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Norwegian translator (1941–2021)\nKjell Risvik (29 June 1941 – 28 March 2021) was a translator of literature into Norwegian from various languages, including Catalan, English, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. He was awarded the Brage Honorary Prize in 2006, along with his wife Kari Risvik. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n! colspan=\"3\" style=\"border-top: 5px solid #FFF179;\" |Awards",
"Per is a Latin preposition which means \"through\" or \"for each\", as in per capita. Per or PER may also refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Latvian pop and beatboxing band\nPeR (Please Explain the Rhythm) is a Latvian pop and beatboxing band formed in 2007. The original line-up was Ralfs Eilands, Emīls Vegners, and Pēteris Upenieks. Vegners left the band in 2007 and was replaced by Edmunds Rasmanis. But when Upelnieks left the trio in 2011, he was not replaced, rendering the band a duo consisting of just Eilands and Rasmanis. After three failed attempts in earlier years to represent Latvia in the Eurovision Song Contest, PeR won the 2013 Dziesma contest and represented the country in the 2013 Contest with the song \"Here We Go\" and placed last in the second semi-final. Background. Early years (2007–2008). The band was founded in 2007, with original members; Ralfs Eilands, Emīls Vegners, and Pēteris Upelnieks. On 21 July 2007, the band first appeared and performed on Dziesma manai paaudzei, the Latvian music festival. After the festival, the band travelled to Moscow, Russia, to compete with other artists on the talent show \"Minuta Slavy\" (Minute of Fame), with the band coming in fourth place during voting. The band returned to Latvia where they received an invitation to participate in the annual music event Bildes 2007. This was the last event with the original members. In 2008, Emīls Vegners left the band and was replaced by Edmunds Rasmanis."
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popqa | f7b700cb-4b59-4ff2-afeb-04241078870b | What is Eleanor Yule's occupation? | Eleanor Yule | [
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"Eleanor Yule is a Scottish film director, best known for her feature film \"Blinded\" and her television documentaries with Michael Palin. She also directed \"Ghost Stories for Christmas\" a TV mini-series with Christopher Lee for BBC2. Biography. From a family of stage actors, Yule studied film at the University of Glasgow and later at the University of Bristol. Her first film credit was as a director for \"A Small Deposit\", produced by Paul Homes. The film was nominated for a BAFTA award in 1994 in the Short Film Category. In 1996, she directed \"Weathering the Storm\" for BBC 2, a documentary produced by May Miller about the lives of painters Joan Eardley and June Redfern and in 1998, she directed \"A Love Exposed\" for BBC1, which highlighted the career and relationship of Pierre Bonnard and his painter, muse, wife Marthe de Méligny. In 2000 she directed four episodes — \"The Stalls Of Barchester\", \"The Ash Tree\", \"Number 13\", and \"A Warning To The Curious\" — of the BBC Scotland produced series \"Christopher Lee's Ghost Stories for Christmas\". Yule has worked with Michael Palin, former member of the comedy troupe Monty Python, directing a series of films, \"Palin on Art\" about people in the art world whose stories have been untold.",
"Among their topics have been \"Michael Palin and the Ladies Who Loved Matisse\" (2003), which highlighted the story of French painter Henri Matisse and the Cone sisters, who collected his works; \"Michael Palin and the Mystery of Hammershoi\" (2005), about Danish painter Vilhelm Hammershøi; \"Moominland Tales: The Life of Tove Jansson\" (2012), chronicling the life of Finnish storyteller and painter Tove Jansson; \"Michael Palin in Wyeth's World\", which focuses on the life of American painter Andrew Wyeth; and \"Quest for Artemisia\" (2015) about Italian painter, Artemisia Gentileschi. Yule's first feature film was produced in 2004 and was inspired by her work with Palin on Hammershøi. When they had completed that film, he went to the Himalayas to work on another project and she wrote the screenplay for \"Blinded\". Set in Denmark, and with one of the main characters named for the painter she tried to capture his painting imagery in the love story, which starred Peter Mullan and Jodhi May. In addition to her work in film and television, Yule gives lectures and co-wrote \"The Glass Half Full: Moving Beyond Scottish Miserablism\" (2014) with David Manderson of the University of the West of Scotland, where she was completing her PhD under his supervision. She completed her PhD in 2017 and became a lecturer at Falmouth University, when she is not working on films. References.",
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"Winter festival\nYule (also called Jul, jól or joulu) is a winter festival historically observed by the Germanic peoples that was incorporated into Christmas during the Christianisation of the Germanic peoples. In present times adherents of some new religious movements (such as Modern Germanic paganism) celebrate Yule independently of the Christian festival. Scholars have connected the original celebrations of Yule to the Wild Hunt, the god Odin, and the heathen Anglo-Saxon (\"Mothers' Night\"). The term \"Yule\" and cognates are still used in English and the Scandinavian languages as well as in Finnish and Estonian to describe Christmas and other festivals occurring during the winter holiday season. Furthermore, some present-day Christmas customs and traditions such as the Yule log, Yule goat, Yule boar, Yule singing, and others may have connections to older pagan Yule traditions. Etymology. The modern English noun \"Yule\" descends from Old English , earlier \"geoh(h)ol\", \"geh(h)ol\", and \"geóla\", sometimes plural. The Old English or and or indicate the 12-day festival of \"Yule\" (later: \"Christmastide\"), the latter indicating the month of \"Yule\", whereby referred to the period before the Yule festival (December) and referred to the period after Yule (January).",
"Both words are cognate with Gothic (); Old Norse, Icelandic, Faroese and Norwegian Nynorsk , , ; Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian Bokmål , and are thought to be derived from Proto-Germanic . Whether the term existed exterior to the Germanic languages remains uncertain, though numerous speculative attempts have been made to find Indo-European cognates outside the Germanic group, too. The compound noun \"Yuletide\" ('Yule-time') is first attested from around 1475. The word is conjectured in an explicitly pre-Christian context primarily in Old Norse, where it is associated with Old Norse deities. Among many others (see List of names of Odin), the long-bearded god Odin bears the name ('the Yule one'). In , composed in the 12th century, is interpreted as coming from one of Odin's names, , closely related to Old Norse , a poetic name for the gods. In Old Norse poetry, the word is found as a term for 'feast', e.g. (→ 'a raven's feast'). It has been thought that Old French (→ French ), which was borrowed into English in the 14th century as 'jolly', is itself borrowed from Old Norse (with the Old French suffix ; compare Old French \"easy\", Modern French = \"feast\" + ), according to the \"Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology\" and several other French dictionaries of etymology. But the \"Oxford English Dictionary\" sees this explanation for as unlikely."
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popqa | 67cf1847-e02d-4b85-b6f5-5f7a3759e8d7 | What is Claire Adams's occupation? | Claire Adams | [
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"Canadian actress\nClaire Adams (née Beryl Vere Nassau Adams; 24 September 1898 – 25 September 1978) was a silent film actress and benefactor. She was born in Canada, studied there and in England, and developed a movie career in Hollywood. She spent the second half of her life in Australia. Death. Adams died on 25 September 1978, in Windsor, Victoria, aged 80, and was cremated.",
"Claire Adams (1898–1978) was a Canadian actress. Claire Adams may also refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Adams may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"French film director\nClaire Denis (; born 21 April 1946) is a French film director and screenwriter. Her feature film \"Beau Travail\" (1999) has been called one of the greatest films of the 1990s and of all time. Other acclaimed works include \"Trouble Every Day\" (2001), \"35 Shots of Rum\" (2008), \"White Material\" (2009), \"High Life\" (2018) and \"Both Sides of the Blade\" (2022), the last of which won her the Silver Bear for Best Director at the Berlin International Film Festival. For her film \"Stars at Noon\" (2022), Denis competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival. She won the Grand Prix, sharing the award with Lukas Dhont's film \"Close\". Her work has dealt with themes of colonial and post-colonial West Africa, as well as issues in modern France, and continues to influence European cinematic identity. Early life. Denis was born on 21 April 1946 in Paris, but raised in colonial French Africa, where her father was a civil servant, living in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, French Somaliland, and Senegal. Her childhood was spent living in West Africa with her parents and her younger sister coloured her perspective on certain political issues. Their father told them that independence from France would be a good thing for these colonies. Her upbringing was a strong influence on her films, which have dealt with colonialism and post-colonialism in Africa. Her father moved with the family every two years because he wanted the children to learn about geography.",
"Growing up in West Africa, Denis used to watch old and damaged copies of war films sent from the United States. As an adolescent, she loved to read. Completing the required material while in school, at night she would sneak her mother's detective stories to read. At age 12, Denis was diagnosed with polio and returned to France for treatment. She lived in Sceaux, a suburb of Paris, for the rest of her teenage years. During her time in France, she felt unfit for living in France. She was educated for a life in Africa, and felt completely different from everyone around her. In 1969, Denis married a photographer she met at the age of 15, after being hired as his assistant. Due to the complex nature of having him in her private life but also as her teacher, they divorced soon after. Career. Denis initially studied economics, but, she has said, \"It was completely suicidal. Everything pissed me off.\" She then briefly studied Oriental languages and married a photographer who encouraged her to quit. In 1969 Denis studied at IDHEC (L'Institut des hautes études cinématographiques – now La Fémis) with her husband's encouragement. He told her she needed to figure out what she wanted to do. She graduated from the IDHEC and since 2002 has been a professor of film at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland. Before applying and being accepted into IDHEC, she worked as an intern at Télé Niger."
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popqa | 93df4fe9-827b-413c-a6be-f96f46be0f08 | What is Lothrop Stoddard's occupation? | Lothrop Stoddard | [
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"American racialist author (1883–1950)\nTheodore Lothrop Stoddard (June 29, 1883 – May 1, 1950) was an American historian, journalist, political scientist and white supremacist. Stoddard wrote several books which advocated eugenics, white supremacy, Nordicism, and scientific racism, including \"The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy\" (1920). He advocated a racial hierarchy which he believed needed to be preserved through anti-miscegenation laws. Stoddard's books were once widely read both inside and outside the United States. He was a member of the Ku Klux Klan, where his books were recommended reading. He was also a member of the American Eugenics Society as well as a founding member and board member of the American Birth Control League, which would later become the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Stoddard's work influenced the Nazi government of Germany. His book \"The Revolt Against Civilization: The Menace of the Under-man\" (1922) introduced the term \"Untermensch\" (the German translation of \"Under-man\") into Nazi conceptions of race. As a journalist he spent time in Germany during the first months of World War II, where he interviewed several prominent Nazi officials. After the end of the war, Stoddard's writing faded from popularity. Early life and education. Stoddard was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, the son of John Lawson Stoddard, a prominent writer and lecturer, and his wife Mary H. Stoddard.",
"In 1900 he enlisted into the United States Army to fight in the Philippine–American War, and was commissioned to the signal corps. Following his military stint, Stoddard attended Harvard College, graduating \"magna cum laude\" in 1905, and studied law at Boston University until 1908. Stoddard received a Ph.D. in History from Harvard University in 1914. Career. Stoddard was a member of the American Historical Association, the American Political Science Association, and the Academy of Political Science. In 1923, an exposé by \"Hearst's International\" revealed that Stoddard was a member of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), and had been acting as a consultant to the organization. A letter from the KKK to members had praised \"The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy\" in explicitly racial terms. Stoddard privately dismissed the Hearst magazine as a \"radical-Jew outfit\". Views. Stoddard wrote many books, most of them related to race and civilization. He wrote primarily on the alleged dangers posed by \"colored\" peoples to white civilization. Many of his books and articles were racialist and described what he saw as the peril of nonwhite immigration. He develops this theme in \"The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy\" originally published in 1920 with an introduction by Madison Grant.",
"He presents a view of the world situation pertaining to race and focusing concern on the coming population explosion among the non-white peoples of the world and the way in which \"white world-supremacy\" was being lessened in the wake of World War I and the collapse of colonialism. In the book, Stoddard blames the ethnocentrism of the German \"Teutonic imperialists\" for the outbreak of World War I. President Warren G. Harding mentioned the book during a 1921 speech in Birmingham, Alabama, saying that America's race problem was only the beginning of what would soon become a worldwide race problem. Stoddard argued that race and heredity were the guiding factors of history and civilization and that the elimination or absorption of the \"white\" race by \"colored\" races would result in the destruction of Western civilization. Like Madison Grant in \"The Passing of the Great Race\", Stoddard divided the white race into three main divisions: \"Nordic\", \"Alpine\", and \"Mediterranean\". He considered all three to be of good stock and far above the quality of the colored races, but argued that the \"Nordic\" was the greatest of the three, and needed to be preserved by way of eugenics. He considered most Jews to be racially \"Asiatic\" and argued for restricting Jewish immigration because he considered them a threat to Nordic racial purity in the US. He warned that the United States was being \"invaded by hordes of immigrant Alpines and Mediterraneans, not to mention Asiatic elements like Levantines and Jews.\"",
"Stoddard's racist beliefs were especially hostile to black people. He claimed that they were fundamentally different from other groups, they had no civilizations of their own, and had contributed nothing to the world. Stoddard opposed miscegenation, and said that \"crossings with the negro are uniformly fatal\". In \"The Revolt Against Civilization\" (1922), Stoddard put forward the idea that civilization places a growing burden on individuals, which leads to a growing underclass of individuals who cannot keep up and a \"ground-swell of revolt\". Stoddard advocated immigration restriction and birth control legislation to reduce the numbers of the underclass and promoted the reproduction of members of the middle and upper classes. Stoddard was one of several eugenicists who sat on the board of the American Birth Control League. The Nazi Party's chief racial theorist Alfred Rosenberg appropriated the racial term \"Untermensch\" from the German version of Stoddard's 1922 book \"The Revolt Against Civilization: The Menace of the Under-man\". The German title was \"Der Kulturumsturz: Die Drohung des Untermenschen\" (1925). Debate with W.E.B. Du Bois. In 1929, Stoddard debated African American historian W.E.B. Du Bois on white supremacy and its assertion of the natural inferiority of colored races. The debate, organized by the Chicago Forum Council, was billed as \"One of the greatest debates ever held\".",
"Du Bois argued in the affirmative to the question \"Shall the Negro be encouraged to seek cultural equality? Has the Negro the same intellectual possibilities as other races?\" Du Bois knew the racism would be unintentionally funny onstage; as he wrote to Fred Atkins Moore, the event's organizer, Senator J. Thomas Heflin \"would be a scream\" in a debate. The transcript records Stoddard saying: \"'The more enlightened men of southern white America ... are doing their best to see that separation shall not mean discrimination; that if the Negroes have separate schools, they shall be good schools; that if they have separate train accommodations, they shall have good accommodations.' [laughter].\" Du Bois, in responding to Stoddard, said the reason for the audience laughter was that he had never journeyed under Jim Crow restrictions. \"We have,\" Du Bois told him and the mixed audience. This moment was reported in \"The Chicago Defender\"'s headline: \"DuBois Shatters Stoddard’s Cultural Theories in Debate; Thousands Jam Hall ... Cheered As He Proves Race Equality.\" \"The Afro-American\" reported: \"5,000 Cheer W.E.B. DuBois, Laugh at Lothrop Stoddard.\" Reports from Nazi Germany. Between 1939 and 1940, Stoddard spent four months as a journalist for the North American Newspaper Alliance in Nazi Germany. He received preferential treatment from Nazi officials compared to other journalists."
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"doc_chunk": "American racialist author (1883–1950)\nTheodore Lothrop Stoddard (June 29, 1883 – May 1, 1950) was an American historian, journalist, political scientist and white supremacist. Stoddard wrote several books which advocated eugenics, white supremacy, Nordicism, and scientific racism, including \"The Rising Tide of Color Against White World-Supremacy\" (1920). He advocated a racial hierarchy which he believed needed to be preserved through anti-miscegenation laws. Stoddard's books were once widely read both inside and outside the United States. He was a member of the Ku Klux Klan, where his books were recommended reading. He was also a member of the American Eugenics Society as well as a founding member and board member of the American Birth Control League, which would later become the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. Stoddard's work influenced the Nazi government of Germany. His book \"The Revolt Against Civilization: The Menace of the Under-man\" (1922) introduced the term \"Untermensch\" (the German translation of \"Under-man\") into Nazi conceptions of race. As a journalist he spent time in Germany during the first months of World War II, where he interviewed several prominent Nazi officials. After the end of the war, Stoddard's writing faded from popularity. Early life and education. Stoddard was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, the son of John Lawson Stoddard, a prominent writer and lecturer, and his wife Mary H. Stoddard.",
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popqa | fe185fbe-17c2-4a4e-8716-bad69a237d53 | What is Chris Lang's occupation? | Chris Lang | [
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"British actor, writer (born 1961)\nChris Lang (born 1961) is a British screenwriter, producer and actor. Lang has written for many British television series but is best known as the writer, creator and executive producer of \"Unforgotten\". Career. Actor. He trained at RADA, graduating in 1983, after winning the Royal Academy award for 'A Series of Outstanding Performances in the Vanbrugh Theatre'. As an actor he worked on such British television series as \"Shadow of the Noose\", \"Drop the Dead Donkey\", \"Outside Edge\", \"A Dance to the Music of Time\" and \"All Along the Watchtower\". In his youth, he formed a comedy revue called \"The Jockeys of Norfolk\" with Andy Taylor and Hugh Grant, but stopped acting in the mid nineties in order to fully concentrate on his writing career. Screenwriter. Lang began his screenwriting career on \"The Bill\", for which he wrote many episodes, and for which he won a Writer's Guild award. He went on to write episodes for shows including \"Casualty\", \"Soldier Soldier\", \"The Knock\", \"POW\", \"Primeval\", \"Hustle\" and \"The Tunnel\" for Sky Atlantic. In 2001, he wrote and created his first original drama series 'The Glass', which starred John Thaw and Sarah Lancashire. Since then some of his other original work has included \"Sirens\", \"Unconditional Love\", \"Amnesia\" (which was nominated for an Edgar Award), \"Lawless\", and \"The Reckoning\".",
"The first series of \"Unforgotten\" starred Nicola Walker, Trevor Eve, Sir Tom Courtenay, Cherie Lunghi, Sanjeev Bhaskar, Gemma Jones, Hannah Gordon, Ruth Sheen and Bernard Hill, and was broadcast in Autumn 2015. Sir Tom Courtenay later won the 2016 BAFTA for Best Supporting Actor for his role, and was nominated for a RTS award for his performance, while Nicola Walker was nominated at the Broadcasting Press Guild Awards for best actress. In November 2015, ITV announced it would be returning for a second series, which aired in January 2017 to an audience of 7.29 million, with the Daily Telegraph describing the series as 'The detective drama of the decade'. In November 2017 Mark Bonnar won the 2017 Best Actor BAFTA Scotland for his portrayal of Colin Osborne in the series. Bonnar also won best actor in the Broadcasting Press Guild Awards 2018. In March 2017, ITV announced \"Unforgotten\" would return for a third series, which aired in July 2018 and received universal critical acclaim, with The Observer asking 'How good is Unforgotten...one of our most human and humane cop shows', and The Guardian remarking that 'Unforgotten is once again superb...it's beautifully crafted and performed, tight, gripping, but also moving and so very human...there is no better drama on television.' The last episode was watched by over 7.5 million viewers, making it the most watched episode of all three series. Alex Jennings was later nominated by BAFTA for Best Supporting Actor for his role as Tim Finch in the series.",
"In December 2018, \"The Hook Up Plan\", an eight-part romantic comedy that Lang created and co-wrote, and which shot in Paris, aired on Netflix. It starred Zita Hanrot, Sabrina Ouazani, Joséphine Draï and Marc Ruchmann. In February 2019 Netflix announced it would return for a second series which broadcast in 2020. In October 2018, a new six-part drama called \"Dark Heart\", which Lang wrote and executive produced, and which starred Tom Riley and Charlotte Riley broadcast in the UK with the 1st episode attracting an audience of 6.3 million. In February 2021 \"Unforgotten\" returned for a fourth series, to universal critical acclaim and an average rating across the series of 9.5 million, up on series 3 by an average of 2.5 million per episode. It was nominated as best drama by both BAFTA and Royal Television Society. A few months later series 4 was broadcast in the states on PBS. Series 1-3 are currently playing around the world on Netflix, Amazon and Sky. It returned for a fifth series in February 2023 with Sinead Keenan now starring alongside Sanjeev Bhaskar and aired to a first episode audience of 8.4 million, making it the highest rated ITV programme of the year, and third most watched drama across all channels. Following broadcast, a 6th series was announced, which started shooting in the UK and Ireland in March 2024.",
"In the late noughties, he co-formed TXTV, through which he made much of his work, including \"Innocent\", a four-part thriller starring Lee Ingleby, Hermione Norris, Nigel Lindsay and Angel Coulby. which broadcast on 14–17 May 2018 to a consolidated first night audience of 8.05 million, making it the most watched new ITV drama of the year, with The Daily Express calling it - 'Spellbinding...the TV drama that has got the whole nation watching\". \"Innocent\" returned for a second series which broadcast on Monday 17 May 2021 to an first night audience of 7.80 million. Other TXTV shows include \"Undeniable\", starring Peter Firth and Claire Goose, which aired in April 2014, and was remade in France in February 2017, entitled 'Quand Je Serai Grande Je Te Tuerai' starring Laetitia Milot. Filmed on the Île de Ré it broadcast in France in late 2017 to an audience of seven million. \"A Mother's Son\" starring Hermione Norris, Paul McGann and Martin Clunes (September 2012) which was nominated for a Broadcast Award, and adapted as a single film for TF1 in France called 'Tu Es Mon Fils' (April 2015) and starring Anne Marivin. 'Tu Es Mon Fils' later won best single film at the Polar de Cognac Film Festival. Lang's series \"Torn\", starring Holly Aird and Nicola Walker, was nominated for an RTS award.",
"and was also remade for French TV as 'Entre Deux Mères' It was shown at the Luchon Film and TV festival and broadcast on TF1 on 27 March 2017. The French remake of his 2010 UK TXTV drama \"The Reckoning\" starred Odille Vuillemin and Thiery Neuvic and aired in September 2018. In January 2021 it was announced that Viaplay/Elisa were remaking \"A Mother's Son\" in Finland. Retitled 'Polanski Joel', it broadcast in mid 2022. In April 2022, he saw the broadcast of \"The Thief, His Wife and the Canoe\" starring Monica Dolan and Eddie Marsan, the true story of John and Anne Darwin, which Lang wrote and for which he was the executive producer. It aired to a first episode audience of 10.01 million, making it the third most watched UK drama of the year. The series was selected for competition at the \"Geneva International Film Festival\" in November 2022 with Lang as a guest speaker and was nominated for 'Best serial' at the 'Broadcast Awards' 2022. It was also nominated as best mini series by BAFTA 2023 and by BPG 2023. Monica Dolan was also nominated for best actor Royal Television Society 2023. It was also nominated as best drama series at the Edinburgh TV Festival 2023. In February 2024, Lang's new show 'I, Jack Wright' started shooting in the UK."
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popqa | 699626ff-f911-4cbb-b305-afc74fa30dd7 | What is Pamela Winslow's occupation? | Pamela Winslow | [
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"Pamela is a given name and, rarely, a surname. Pamela may also refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Governor of Plymouth Colony (1595–1655)\nEdward Winslow (18 October 1595 – 8 May 1655) was a Separatist and New England political leader who traveled on the \"Mayflower\" in 1620. He was one of several senior leaders on the ship and also later at Plymouth Colony. Both Edward Winslow and his brother, Gilbert Winslow signed the Mayflower Compact. In Plymouth he served in a number of governmental positions such as assistant governor, three times was governor and also was the colony's agent in London. In early 1621 he had been one of several key leaders on whom Governor Bradford depended after the death of John Carver. He was the author of several important pamphlets, including \"Good Newes from New England\" and co-wrote with William Bradford the historic \"Mourt's Relation\", which ends with an account of the First Thanksgiving and the abundance of the New World. In 1655 he died of fever while on an English naval expedition in the Caribbean against the Spanish. He is the only original Plymouth colonist with an extant portrait painted from life. This, along with portraits of Winslow's son and daughter-in-law, and various Winslow family artifacts, are in the Pilgrim Hall Museum, in Plymouth, Massachusetts. English origins. Edward Winslow was born on 18th October 1595 and was baptized two days later on the 20th of October at St Peter's Church, Droitwich in Worcestershire, England.",
"He was the eldest son of Edward Winslow Sr. of Droitwich, in Worcestershire, by his wife Magdalene Oliver whom he had married the previous year at St. Bride's Church, Fleet Street, London. Edward Winslow, the father, according to family records, was born October 17, 1560, and was a descendant of the Winslow family of Kempsey, Worcestershire, a line that had existed in the county at least since 1500. The Winslow estate in Kempsey was called Kersweil with a similar name of Careswell later being given to the gentrified Plymouth estate of Governor Josiah Winslow, son of Edward Winslow and Susanna. Author Charles Banks notes that it is highly probable that this Edward, Sr. was the son of Kenelm Winslow of Kempsey. Author Eugene Stratton believes that no one has been able to discern Kenelm Winslow's ancestry with any certainty. Kenelm Winslow, probably a brother of Edward Sr., born in 1551, was called a resident of Worcester, yeoman, in 1605. It is not certain if the family was gentry, but were at least fairly well-off. Edward Sr. was an under-sheriff and involved in the salt production trade. Edward Winslow had four younger brothers: Gilbert (who accompanied him on the Mayflower in 1620), John, Josiah, and Kenelm, all of whom followed Edward and Gilbert to America over the next decade. Between April 1606 and April 1611, Edward Winslow attended the King's School at Worcester Cathedral, under Henry Bright."
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popqa | 4f36b3fe-d47b-4d8b-bb44-0773ad84143d | What is Zoran Rankić's occupation? | Zoran Rankić | [
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"Bosnia and Herzegovina footballer (born 2007)\nUna Rankić (born 26 November 2007) is a Bosnia and Herzegovina footballer who plays as a striker. Early life. When Rankić's was a child, her mother died. Club career. Rankić has been described as \"an incredible talent, and this is best shown by the statistics that she scored as many as 31 goals in 11 rounds played in the Cadet Premier League and is the top scorer herself\". She has also been described as \"one of the most talented soccer players in Europe\". International career. In 2023, Rankić debuted for Bosnia and Herzegovina during a 2–1 win over Belarus. Personal life. Rankić is the daughter of former footballer Vladimir Rankić. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Zoran () is a common South Slavic name, the masculine form of Zora, which means \"dawn, daybreak\". The name is especially common in Serbia, North Macedonia, Croatia and to some degree in Slovenia. Notable people with this given name include:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Zoran Krušvar is a Croatian psychologist and science fiction and fantasy writer, born on April 9, 1977, in Rijeka. He won 4 SFERA awards, in 2002 (for \"Igra\"), in 2003 (for \"Brodovi u tami\"), in 2007 (for \"Izvršitelji nauma Gospodnjeg\") and in 2008 (for \"Tako biti mora\") from the Zagreb-based science fiction society SFera. Krušvar's first novel, \"Izvršitelji nauma Gospodnjeg\", was a multimedia project, first of such kind in Croatia. DVD distributed with the book contains music video soundtrack to the novel, and the trailer for the book was released on YouTube a month before its publishing. At the presentation of the novel on April 22, 2007, a group of young people acted out a ritual sacrifice of a young maiden in order to propitiate God, so the novel would sell better.",
"Zoran Šami (; 2 November 1948 – 4 September 2016) was the speaker of the Parliament of Serbia and Montenegro from Democratic Party of Serbia. Šami was born on 2 November 1948 in Valjevo. He graduated from the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at Belgrade University, where he obtained his PhD in mathematics also. Since 1971 he has been working at the Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering in Belgrade as an associate professor. He was a member of the Democratic Party 1990–1992 and, as one of founders of the Democratic Party of Serbia, he was vice-president twice: 1993–1996 and 2000–2003. From October 2000 until July 2001 he was the Minister of Transportation in the Government of FR Yugoslavia. In 2000 he became an MP in the Federal Parliament, and in 2003 he became an MP in the Parliament of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. He was the Speaker of the State Union during its existence from 2003 to the dissolution of 2006. With the 21 January 2007 Serbian parliamentary election, he was elected as a deputy of the Democratic Party of Serbia in Vojislav Koštunica's coalition of the Democratic Party of Serbia and New Serbia. His mandate was affirmed on 14 February 2007. On 10 May 2007 he was elected president of the Board for Education. Šami has published 12 textbooks and numerous scientific and expert studies. Šami died on 4 September 2016 at the age of 67. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 24d2e8bb-34e2-4a16-9bf6-3205e37724cc | What is George Minor's occupation? | George Minor | [
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"George Minor (December 7, 1845, Richmond, Virginia - January 30, 1904, Richmond, Virginia) was an American composer and naval officer. Minor attended a military academy in Richmond, and served during the American Civil War in the Confederate States Navy (CSN). After the war, he went into the music field, teaching at singing schools and conducting at musical conventions. He helped found the Hume-Minor Company, which made pianos and organs. A member of the First Baptist Church of Richmond, Minor was the Sunday school superintendent there. Commander Minor succeeded Captain Duncan Ingraham as the CSN's Chief of Ordnance and Hydrography in November 1861 and he was succeeded in turn by Commander John Brooke in March 1863. Works. His works include:\nMusic:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American baseball player\nGeorge Minor Jr. (April 21, 1919 – April 1973) was an American Negro league outfielder in the 1940s. Early life and career. A native of Henderson, Texas, Minor made his Negro leagues debut in 1944 with the Chicago American Giants. He went on to play three seasons with the Cleveland Buckeyes. Minor died in 1973 at age 53. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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"Subspecies of tree\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:Taxobox/core/styles.css\" />\nUlmus minor\" subsp. \"minor, the narrow-leaved elm (also known as smooth-leaved elm or East Anglian elm), was the name used by R. H. Richens (1983) for English field elms that were not English elm, Cornish elm, Lock elm or Guernsey elm. Many publications, however, continue to use plain \"Ulmus minor\" for Richens's subspecies, a name Richens reserved for the undifferentiated continental field elms. (\"Ulmus minor\" is native to southern Europe and Asia Minor including Iran.) Dr Max Coleman of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh argued in his 2002 paper 'British Elms' that there was no clear distinction between species and subspecies. In England, narrow-leaved elm is the commonest field elm in East Anglia, the East Midlands, and eastern Kent. Description. The smooth-leaved elm is a deciduous tree that can grow to 35 m. Its Latin synonym \"carpinifolia\" alludes to the superficial similarity of the leaves to those of hornbeam \"Carpinus\" sp., while the common names contrast the smooth upper surface and narrowness of the leaves with those of the wych elm, which are rough and broad. The apetalous perfect wind-pollinated flowers, and fruit (samaras) are very similar to those of the species. Pests and diseases.",
"Although the smooth-leaved elm is generally susceptible to Dutch elm disease, it is genetically a highly variable tree and it is possible some specimens survive in the UK owing to an innately high level of resistance (see Cultivation). Research currently (2009) in hand by Cemagref at , Guémené-Penfao, France, should confirm this. However, all smooth-leaved elm varieties are believed to have been introduced into Britain from central and southern Europe during the Bronze Age, and some, being beyond their natural climates and environments, may be growing slowly and thus producing smaller springwood vessels restrictive to the \"Ophiostoma\" fungus. Good performance in the field may also be owing to resistance to bark beetle feeding or breeding. Moreover, several types of this subspecies also have very pendulous twigs when mature, a factor which could also make them unattractive to foraging Scolytus beetles, which are disinclined to invert themselves. As the tree suckers readily, its genetic resources are not considered endangered. The subspecies has a moderate to high susceptibility to the elm leaf beetle, \"Xanthogaleruca luteola\", and a moderate susceptibility to elm yellows. Cultivation. Many mature specimens still survive in England, notably in East Anglia."
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"doc_chunk": "George Minor (December 7, 1845, Richmond, Virginia - January 30, 1904, Richmond, Virginia) was an American composer and naval officer. Minor attended a military academy in Richmond, and served during the American Civil War in the Confederate States Navy (CSN). After the war, he went into the music field, teaching at singing schools and conducting at musical conventions. He helped found the Hume-Minor Company, which made pianos and organs. A member of the First Baptist Church of Richmond, Minor was the Sunday school superintendent there. Commander Minor succeeded Captain Duncan Ingraham as the CSN's Chief of Ordnance and Hydrography in November 1861 and he was succeeded in turn by Commander John Brooke in March 1863. Works. His works include:\nMusic:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 2d972621-0292-43d0-abb0-7d527d13e97b | What is Anjali Sudhakar's occupation? | Anjali Sudhakar | [
"actor",
"actress",
"actors",
"actresses"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22773263 | 1 | {
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"Indian actress\nAnjali is an Indian actress who appeared in Kannada cinema. Her original name was Shantha, before director Kashinath named her as Anjali. Family. Anjali is married to Sudhakar and since 1998 has settled in Dubai. She has two daughters. Career. Anjali has acted in more than 87 films. Some of her notable films are \"Anantana Avantara, Neenu Nakkare Haalu Sakkare, Tharle Nan Maga, Appa Nanjappa Maga Gunajappa, Ksheera Saagara, Kalavida, Kona Eedaithe, Undu Hodha Kondu Hodha\" and \"Utkarsha\". She has acted opposite Vishnuvardhan, Ambareesh, Anant Nag, Jaggesh, Kumar Govind, Kumar Bangarappa, Sridhar, Sunil, Jai Jagadish and Ravikiran. She has also acted in television series with over 500 episodes. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Sudhakar is an Indian name and may refer to:\nOther uses. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname . References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Anjali (Devanagari: अञ्जली) is a Sanskrit word that means \"divine offering\". It is not only a given name, but also the name given to the greeting between Hindus, Buddhists and other religions on the Indian subcontinent: hands folded together. It may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nPeople. In other fields. CEO of Glam_alert(makeup business) Indian\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Indian cricketer\nRamchandra Sudhakar Rao (born 8 August 1952) is a former Indian cricketer. He played domestic cricket for Karnataka and played one One Day International for India against New Zealand in 1976. Early career. Sudhakar Rao grew up in Basavanagudi and studied at the National School. He stayed close to the ground near his school and would play cricket with tennis ball regularly. The sports secretary of the school, Swamy, saw Sudhakar bat during one of the sessions. Sudhakar was immediately selected in the school team and ordered to play against a rival school. It was the first time Sudhakar was playing on a matting wicket and handling a cricket ball. He made the occasion memorable by scoring a hundred. Sudhakar Rao subconsciously modelled his batting on Gundappa Viswanath. He was a great admirer of Gundappa Viswanath from his school days and lot of Viswanath's mannerisms rubbed off on him. Sudhakar made his club debut for VV Puram Cricket Club before Viswanath's footsteps and joining him at the Spartans cricket club. Sudhakar scored well for State schools and made his way into the South Zone schools side. Sudhakar Rao joined APS college Bangalore and while in his final year at college he made his Ranji Trophy debut against Kerala in 1972. Ranji career. Sudhakar Rao enjoyed the 1975-76 season. He scored 449 runs in 5 innings. He had started the year with a hundred against Rest of India side that included Bishan Singh Bedi at Ahmedabad.",
"The highlight of the season was a double century against Hyderabad. He had received the news that his mother was admitted in the hospital for a mild stroke, but he continued to play. This eventually got him selected to the Indian cricket team for the tour of New Zealand. International career. Sudhakar Rao was selected for the Indian team on the tour of New Zealand in 1976. He started out with 32 and 25 against Northern Districts at Hamilton. He followed that with 34 and 6 against Otago at Dunedin. He made his one-day international debut against New Zealand at Eden Park. He was run out for 4 as India struggled to chase 236 in 35 overs and never played for India again. Sudhakar Rao was selected for the following tour of the West Indies. He struggled in the side games and did not score enough runs. Later career. Sudhakar Rao continued to be a pillar of strength to Karnataka side and was a member of the state squad which won the Ranji Trophy in 1973-74, 1977–78 and 1982-83. When he retired, he had scored 3021 runs at an average of 40.82 in the national competition. Sudhakar Rao was also the Secretary, Karnataka State Cricket Association. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | cafde594-c04e-48a1-b6b4-2457f05cb8ea | What is Jean Gabriel Marie's occupation? | Jean Gabriel Marie (1907–1970) | [
"composer"
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"French composer (1907–1970)\nJean Gabriel Marie (1907–1970) was a French composer, son of the composer Jean Gabriel Prosper Marie. Works and career. His works included the opera \"Mirèio\", which was awarded the Prix de l'Académie des Arts, Lettres, et Sciences shortly after its premier in 1939. The composition was based on the Provençal poem that inspired Gounod's opera \"Mireille\". He wrote \"Suite provençale\" in six movements, which is occasionally performed, based on themes from the opera. Chamber music and organ works are significant among his other compositions. He was director of the Institut Gabriel-Marie in Marseille for many years until his death at age 63. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"French composer and conductor (1852–1928)\nJean Gabriel Prosper Marie (8 January 1852 – 29 August 1928) was a French romantic composer and conductor. Biography. Gabriel-Marie was born in Paris, France on 8 January 1852. He studied at the Conservatoire de Paris and held a prominent position in the local musical world. He died unexpectedly on 29 August 1928 in Puigcerdà, Girona, Spain. He was the father of the composer Jean Gabriel Marie. Works. Gabriel-Marie's works include \"La Cinquantaine\" (\"The Golden Wedding\", 1887) for cello and piano, for octet, and in various other arrangements. He also composed many dance pieces, notably the waltz \"Sous les firnes\" (\"Under the Ash Trees\", 1884) and the highly original polka \"Frais minois\" (\"Fresh Face\"). \"Sérénade Badine\" achieved some popularity by its numerous arrangements, including those for saxophone and piano, and cello and piano, as did other chamber works and light works for orchestra. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Jean-Marie is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"Jean Marie may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"French poet and playwright (1764-1812)\nGabriel Marie Jean Baptiste Legouvé (23 June 1764 – 30 August 1812) was an 18th–19th-century French poet and playwright. Legouvé was born and died in Paris, and was the seventh member elected to occupy seat 4 of the Académie française in 1803. Legouvé was the father of Ernest Legouvé (1807–1903), later a member of the Académie française, and son of Jean-Baptiste Legouvé (1729–1783) who wrote the pastoral \"La Mort d'Abel\" (1793) and a tragedy \"Epicharis et Nerón\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 85358eaa-05b8-40fa-85dc-25ec1c6bc95b | What is George Birnie Esslemont's occupation? | George Esslemont | [
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"pol"
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"George Birnie Esslemont (1860 – 2 October 1917) was a Scottish Liberal politician. He was elected as Member of Parliament for Aberdeen South in 1907, and held the seat until he resigned in 1917. He married Clementine Macdonald who became President of the Aberdeen Women's Liberal Association. Their daughter was Mary Esslemont who became a leading doctor and was born in Aberdeen in 1891. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Esslemont may refer to:\nTopics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"British Hand of the Cause\nJohn Ebenezer Esslemont M.B., Ch.B. (1874 – 1925), from Scotland, was a prominent British adherent of the Baháʼí Faith. Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Baháʼí Faith, posthumously named Esslemont a Hand of the Cause of God, one of the Disciples of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (Effendi's predecessor), and one of the United Kingdom's three luminaries of the Baháʼí Faith. He was the author of one of the foremost introductory texts on the Baháʼí Faith (Baháʼu'lláh and the New Era) and worked as a translator of Baháʼí texts near the end of his life. In addition to his work for the Baháʼí Faith, Esslemont was an accomplished physician, as well as a linguist, proficient in English, French, Spanish, German, Esperanto, and later Persian and Arabic. Dr. Esslemont died of tuberculosis in Palestine in 1925. Background. Early life and education. John Ebenezer Esslemont was born in Aberdeen, Scotland on 19 May 1874, the third son and fourth child of John E. Esslemont and Margaret Davidson. The Esslemont family was distinguished and accomplished and John would prove to be no exception. He was educated at Ferryhill School and Robert Gordon's College in Aberdeen. He then went on to Aberdeen University, where he graduated with a combined degree in Medicine and Surgery with honorable distinction in 1898.",
"In his final year, he won a medal in clinical surgery and was runner-up for the James Anderson Gold Medal and Prize in clinical medicine. As a winner of the Phillips Research Scholarship he spent the latter part of 1899 at the Universities of Berne and Strasbourg researching pharmacology. At the end of that year, he returned to Aberdeen and continued his research. At some point during his college years, Esslemont had contracted tuberculosis. This would fundamentally alter his career and his life, focusing his efforts on tuberculosis treatment, care and eradication, as well as working to preserve his own health to the extent possible. In December 1902, John married Jean Fraser, an accomplished pianist, and settled in Australia. Unfortunately, the marriage did not last long, and the couple had no children. Medical career. Esslemont began his medical career in Aberdeen but moved to Australia in 1902. There he took a position at Ararat Hospital and became the District Surgeon and Health Officer for Alexandar County. He returned to Aberdeenshire in 1903 and, later that same year, left for South Africa in the hopes that the climate would be beneficial to his health. He worked in South Africa for five years, serving as Medical Officer of a government hospital and then as the District Surgeon at Kroonstad. He returned to Britain in 1908 and took a position as the Resident Medical Officer of the Home Sanatorium in Bournemouth, England. This was one of many facilities established for the care and treatment of tuberculosis patients, as the disease was quite common at the time.",
"In addition to his role as a medical provider, John organized events for his patients in order to raise their morale, and spent long hours comforting those at the very end of their lives. Esslemont was also involved in the conceptualization of a comprehensive national health service. He helped establish the State Medical Service Association, producing recommendations which became the foundation of the British National Health Service. The combination of increasing health issues and his focus on the work of the Baháʼí Faith precluded the continuation of his medical career, and in the spring of 1923, Esslemont left Bournemouth and returned to Aberdeen.. Discovery of the Baháʼí Faith. Esslemont heard about the Baháʼí Faith in late 1914, from Katherine Parker, the wife of one of his professional associates. Having investigated many belief systems, Esslemont was interested to discover yet another in the Baháʼí Faith, borrowing a few pamphlets from Katherine Parker which intrigued him further. By March 1915, he had read several books and was beginning to adopt the patterns of Baháʼí life, becoming the first Baháʼí of Bournemouth. He helped form a Baháʼí group in Bournemouth and began to speak to various groups about the religion. He also contributed money to the Baháʼí temple fund in the United States and translated one of Baháʼu'lláh's early works, \"The Hidden Words\", into Esperanto. In about 1918 ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, then head of the religion, wrote a tablet in Esslemont's honor, and also showed interest in a book he was working on."
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popqa | d344ff04-9124-4fa1-b3f6-31fc96e8ba19 | What is Ajay Kumar Parida's occupation? | Ajay Kumar Parida | [
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"Indian biologist (1963–2022)\nAjay Kumar Parida (12 December 1963 – 19 July 2022) was an Indian biologist noted for his contributions in the fields of agriculture, plant molecular biology and biotechnology. In 2014, Parida was awarded the Padma Shri Award by the President of India for his contribution in the field of Science and Technology. Parida, who was born and raised in Bhagabanpur, a village in the Jajpur district of Odisha, was the Director of the Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. ILS (www.ils.res.in) is an autonomous institution of the Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India. He served as the Executive Director of the M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai during 2009–2017. He died from a heart attack on 19 July 2022 at the age of 58 in Guwahati. Research. Parida's major scientific contribution is in the area of application of frontier technology for addressing major challenges in global and national declining agriculture productivity threatened due to climate change, sea level rise and reduced precipitation. His research was aimed at developing location specific crop varieties to cope with the adverse impact of climate change and has significant implications in bringing in stability and sustainability of the major farming systems. Parida has used advanced biotechnological tools for crop improvement. He made contributions in identifying stress tolerant genes specifically for salt and drought stress.",
"Parida's research has also contributed to the basic understanding of the genetic architecture and species relationship in mangroves, and wild relatives of cultivated cereals, legumes and other cultivated crop species. He supervised 20 students for their Ph.D. degree. With more than 70 peer reviewed publications in international journals, Parida's research contributions have been widely cited and many of the publications are of significant value to increasing the basic understanding of the process and mechanisms associated with genetic resources characterization, conservation genetics, stress biology and biotechnology related policy issues. Awards and recognition. Parida has won the following awards:\nHe was elected as President of the Agriculture Science and Forestry section of the Indian Science Congress in 2012. Dr. Parida was the President of Biological Sciences Session of the National Academy of Sciences India in 2014. Parida was involved in application of science and technology for rural development. He has played an active role in organisation of school level Genome Clubs for creating awareness on relevant issues in biology and biotechnology that has been adopted as a national initiative of DNA clubs supported by the Govt. of India. He was actively involved in working with grassroots organizations and local communities in identifying the issues affecting food and livelihood security and providing solutions based on participatory problem solving and providing solutions. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ajay Kumar may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Indian actor\nAlekh Kumar Parida (born 1999) is an Indian Actor and Music producer. He had worked for Super Singh as Raghav. He recently joined hands with other musical artists for his new song. He launched Tycoon Record Bhakti, a music label for devotional songs. Early life and education. Alekh Kumar Parida was born to Sudhakar Parida and Bhagyabati Parida in Bhubaneswar on 16 December 1999. He has completed a bachelor's degree in computer science at ITER, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan in Bhubaneswar. Career. He produced a music video which featured Chris Gayle, a Jamaican cricketer in the song Living Di Life. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. at IMDb",
"Indian politician\nAjay Kumar Poddar is an Indian politician from Bharatiya Janata Party. In May 2021, he was elected as a member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Kulti (constituency). He defeated Ujjal Chatterjee of All India Trinamool Congress by 679 votes in 2021 West Bengal Assembly election. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 7cb6c94f-8a47-4afc-b2f3-d8438103babc | What is A. Lawrence Kocher's occupation? | A. Lawrence Kocher | [
"architect"
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"American architect, editor, and teacher\nA. Lawrence Kocher (July 24, 1885 – June 6, 1969) was an American architect, editor, and teacher. He was a pioneering advocate of modern architecture and the preservation of historic landmarks\nEducation and career. In 1909, he studied Bachelor of Arts in history at Stanford University. Subsequently, in 1916 he studied Master of Arts in Pennsylvania State College (M.A. 1916). He is graduated also from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and New York University. His extensive education in both history and architecture informed his forward-thinking approach to consolidation between old and new, and led to his appointment as Director of the McIntire School of Art and Architecture at the University of Virginia. Kocher is best known in his role as managing editor of Architectural Record from 1927 to 1938, and for shifting the focus of the publication from historic European style architecture to modern building methods and design. In addition to being regarded as a well-known authority on colonial and modern architecture and history, Kocher grew a successful design practice with Swiss architect Albert Frey. Their collaboration resulted in many notable buildings, including the Aluminaire House, the Fort Salonga Colony, and the Studies Building at Black Mountain College in North Carolina\nPartnership with Walter Gropius. Kocher's success as managing editor of Architectural Record and his advocacy of affordable housing led to his collegial friendship with Walter Gropius. Gropius, founder of the German Bauhaus School of Design and visionary champion of the international style, discussed the idea of opening a similar school in America with Kocher.",
"Although the school was never created, Kocher was responsible for attaining a teaching position at Columbia University for Gropius, and thus bringing his influence into the United States. Furthermore, when a campus master plan by Gropius and Marcel Breuer for Black Mountain College was dropped in 1940 due to financial constraints, Kocher was approached by the school to develop a more incremental modernist scheme that could be implemented by faculty and students. Kocher was a Professor of Architecture at Black Mountain from 1940 until 1943. Partnership with Albert Frey. Beginning in the early 1930s, Kocher's partnership with Swiss architect Albert Frey put him at the forefront of architectural design practice. Theirs was one of the few firms working in the International Style in the United States at that time. While the men were both seen as the face of the practice, Frey held the primary design role, while Kocher provided mentoring and final analysis. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"River in Germany\nThe Kocher () is a -long right tributary of the Neckar in the north-eastern part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The name \"Kocher\" originates from its Celtic name \"cochan\" and probably means winding, meandering river. Its total drainage area is . The Kocher rises in the eastern foothills of the Swabian Alb from two karst springs, the Schwarzer (black) Kocher and the Weißer (white) Kocher, that join in Unterkochen near Aalen. The Schwarzer Kocher is approximately long. Its source discharge varies between 50 L/s and 4,000 L/s with an average of 680 L/s. The long Weißer Kocher has an average discharge of 400 L/s. Course. The Schwarzer Kocher rises south of Oberkochen. The second source, the Weißer Kocher rises west of Unterkochen village, located in district Ostalbkreis, municipality in Baden-Wuerttemberg state, from many small sources. The name Weißer Kocher comes from the white foam on the water when it quickly rushes over the stones. In contrast, the Schwarzer Kocher flows rather slowly and the covered ground gives the water a dark color. Both headwaters join in Unterkochen and flow north through the city of Aalen and Wasseralfingen until Hüttlingen, where the Kocher turns west in the direction of Abtsgmünd. Here the Lein river discharges into the Kocher.",
"The Kocher then winds further north-west to Unterrot, where it receives the river Rot and continues to the cities Gaildorf and Schwäbisch Hall. Near Geislingen the Bühler river flows into the Kocher. In a wide curve the Kocher then turns west again, cutting into the plain of Hohenlohe and flowing through Künzelsau. It continues further to Neuenstadt am Kocher where it receives the Brettach river. Near Bad Friedrichshall the Kocher flows into the Neckar, a few Kilometers upstream from the mouth of the river Jagst, that flows more or less parallel north-east to the Kocher. Water quality and pollution. Many industrial sites in the upper Kocher valley and poor sewage plants led to heavy pollution of the Kocher. In 1984, the Kocher was declared the most polluted river in the administrative district of Stuttgart. After only a six years remediation project, the water quality significantly improved and today the Kocher is only moderately polluted. The mostly brown color of the Kocher comes from mud in the water and does not mean bad water quality. Tributaries. The following rivers are tributaries to the Kocher (from source to mouth):\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American baseball player (1888-1965)\nBradley Wilson Kocher (January 16, 1888 – February 13, 1965) was a catcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Detroit Tigers and New York Giants. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "American architect, editor, and teacher\nA. Lawrence Kocher (July 24, 1885 – June 6, 1969) was an American architect, editor, and teacher. He was a pioneering advocate of modern architecture and the preservation of historic landmarks\nEducation and career. In 1909, he studied Bachelor of Arts in history at Stanford University. Subsequently, in 1916 he studied Master of Arts in Pennsylvania State College (M.A. 1916). He is graduated also from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and New York University. His extensive education in both history and architecture informed his forward-thinking approach to consolidation between old and new, and led to his appointment as Director of the McIntire School of Art and Architecture at the University of Virginia. Kocher is best known in his role as managing editor of Architectural Record from 1927 to 1938, and for shifting the focus of the publication from historic European style architecture to modern building methods and design. In addition to being regarded as a well-known authority on colonial and modern architecture and history, Kocher grew a successful design practice with Swiss architect Albert Frey. Their collaboration resulted in many notable buildings, including the Aluminaire House, the Fort Salonga Colony, and the Studies Building at Black Mountain College in North Carolina\nPartnership with Walter Gropius. Kocher's success as managing editor of Architectural Record and his advocacy of affordable housing led to his collegial friendship with Walter Gropius. Gropius, founder of the German Bauhaus School of Design and visionary champion of the international style, discussed the idea of opening a similar school in America with Kocher.",
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popqa | ab70a3f6-2d7c-4c9e-bd63-8f1cd8fe1a07 | What is John Andrew Martin's occupation? | John Andrew Martin | [
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"American politician\nJohn Andrew Martin (April 10, 1868 – December 23, 1939) was an American journalist, attorney, soldier, and politician, who represented Colorado in the U.S. House of Representatives for two terms from 1909 to 1913, then three more terms from 1933 to 1939. He recruited troops and commanded the 115th Supply Train, Fortieth Division during World War I. Early life and education. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, a son of Hugh and Ann (Bohan) Martin. He acquired a public school education in the towns of Mexico and Fulton, Missouri, until he was twelve years old and began working in a tobacco factory. He moved with his parents to Kansas in 1884 and worked on a farm in Turon. Career. He came to Colorado in 1887. He was employed on railroad construction work and as a locomotive fireman from 1887 to 1894; He worked on the construction of the Colorado Midland Railroad and then as a locomotive engineer on the Santa Fe. He became publisher of the \"La Junta Times\" and was member of the city council of La Junta in 1895 and 1896. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1896. In 1897, he began practicing law in Pueblo. First stint in Congress. He was a member of the State house of representatives in 1901 and 1902. He was the city attorney in 1905 and 1906. He was elected as a Democrat to the 61st and 62nd Congresses (March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1913). He declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1912 and resumed the practice of law. In 1914, he challenged incumbent U.S.",
"Senator Charles S. Thomas for the Democratic nomination, but dropped out of the race before the primary election. He was again the city attorney in 1916 and 1917. World War I. At the outbreak of the First World War, he was attempted to enlist, but was denied due to his age and he was the head of a family. Undeterred, he recruited a volunteer battalion of National Guardsmen in Pueblo and was commissioned a major over the group of men that he recruited. He commanded the 115th Supply Train, Fortieth Division. After the war, he was a member of the San Isabel Chapter Number 2 of the Disabled American Veterans of the World War. He was also post commander of the Pueblo Post Number 2 of the American Legion. Return to Congress. He resumed the practice of law in Pueblo, Colorado. Twenty years after his first service in the House of Representatives, he was elected to the 73rd Congress and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1933, until his death. During that time, he worked on the Railroad Retirement Act of 1935 and the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act. Among his other efforts, he framed holding company legislation while on the House Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />Step by step, this self-made, self-educated man, rising from humble beginnings, attained honor upon honor until he reached the distinction of become a Member of the House of Representatives. Personal life. On September 6, 1892 or 1902, he married Rose May Chitwood at Wellington, Kansas.",
"They had a daughter, Stella. He wrote a novel based on the lives of his wife's parents who were pioneer settlers in Kansas. Published in 1908, it depicted the \"dawn life of the prairie West and its people.\" Death and burial. He contacted a case of ptomaine poisoning and died in Washington, D.C., on December 23, 1939. He was buried in Mountain View Cemetery, Pueblo, Colorado.",
"Andrew Martin may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"John Andrew may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name."
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"doc_chunk": "American politician\nJohn Andrew Martin (April 10, 1868 – December 23, 1939) was an American journalist, attorney, soldier, and politician, who represented Colorado in the U.S. House of Representatives for two terms from 1909 to 1913, then three more terms from 1933 to 1939. He recruited troops and commanded the 115th Supply Train, Fortieth Division during World War I. Early life and education. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, a son of Hugh and Ann (Bohan) Martin. He acquired a public school education in the towns of Mexico and Fulton, Missouri, until he was twelve years old and began working in a tobacco factory. He moved with his parents to Kansas in 1884 and worked on a farm in Turon. Career. He came to Colorado in 1887. He was employed on railroad construction work and as a locomotive fireman from 1887 to 1894; He worked on the construction of the Colorado Midland Railroad and then as a locomotive engineer on the Santa Fe. He became publisher of the \"La Junta Times\" and was member of the city council of La Junta in 1895 and 1896. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1896. In 1897, he began practicing law in Pueblo. First stint in Congress. He was a member of the State house of representatives in 1901 and 1902. He was the city attorney in 1905 and 1906. He was elected as a Democrat to the 61st and 62nd Congresses (March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1913). He declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1912 and resumed the practice of law. In 1914, he challenged incumbent U.S.",
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popqa | cca0c511-41d0-470a-9bcc-0055fdc70e08 | What is Maurice Le Boucher's occupation? | Maurice Le Boucher | [
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"French organist, composer, and pedagogue\nMaurice Georges Eugène Le Boucher (25 May 1882 – 9 September 1964), was a French organist, composer, and pedagogue. Le Boucher was born in Isigny-sur-Mer. In 1904, he entered the Conservatoire de Paris, where he was a student of Gabriel Fauré. In 1907, Le Boucher won the prestigious Grand Prix de Rome. Later, he became professor at the École Niedermeyer and organist at St. Germain-l'Auxerrois in Paris. He wrote an Organ Symphony in E major, which was published in 1917 by Éditions Leduc, Paris. He wrote a drama on Oscar Wilde \"la Duchesse de Padoue\" which was published by Salabert in 1931. In 1920, he was appointed as director of the Montpellier Conservatory, a post he held for 22 years. His students included André David. Le Boucher died in 1964 in Paris.",
"Canadian outlaw biker and gangster (1953–2022)\nMaurice Boucher (21 June 1953 – 10 July 2022) was a Canadian gangster, convicted murderer, reputed drug trafficker, and outlaw biker—once president of the Quebec Nomads chapter of the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club. Boucher led Montreal's Hells Angels against the rival Rock Machine biker gang during the Quebec Biker War () of 1994 through 2002 in Quebec, Canada. In 2002, Boucher was convicted on two counts of first degree murder for ordering the murders of two Quebec prison officers in an effort to destabilize the Quebec Justice system. He was sent to serve three life sentences at Canada's only supermax prison, in Sainte-Anne-des-Plaines. While imprisoned there, Boucher survived several assassination attempts motivated by his infamy, and was placed in a special unit of the prison to isolate him. Authorities transferred him in June 2022 to the nearby Archambault Institution under conditions of secrecy so he could receive palliative care following the metastasis of his throat cancer. He died 10 July 2022. Boucher had two children, Alexandra Mongeau and Francis Boucher, who have also been involved in organized crime. Early life. Born in Causapscal, Quebec, Canada, Boucher was raised in poverty in the Hochelaga-Maisonneuve borough of inner-city Montreal, where his family moved when he was two years old. Boucher had seven siblings; his father worked as a construction worker while his mother stayed at home to raise their eight children.",
"Boucher's father was an alcoholic who frequently beat his wife and children, and his mother was described as the main source of love during his childhood. Boucher's father was described as \"a severe man who tolerated no lip from his children\" and imposed an \"iron discipline\" on his children. In the 1960s and 1970s, the construction industry in Quebec was dominated by the Mafia-linked union boss André \"Dédé\" Desjardins, known as \"le roi de la construction\" (\"the king of construction\"), who ran the \"Conseil des métiers de la construction\" union quite brutally. The world that Boucher grew up in was a world where violence was commonplace and where corruption was accepted as normal. Boucher's school report cards describe him as an indifferent student and he dropped out of school in grade 9 to work odd jobs. In April 1973, the 19-year-old Boucher committed his first known crime, when he stole $200 from a \"dépanneur\". In July 1974, Boucher got a certificate allowing him to work in the construction industry, but he only lasted a week before being fired due to problems caused by his heavy drinking and drug use. Unhappy with his income and desperate to support his drug habit, he turned to crime. He was arrested for three break and enters in the fall of 1974 and served nearly six months in detention.",
"The first known crime committed by Boucher as an adult was on the night of 5 November 1974, when he broke into a grocery store in the Hochelaga-Maisonneuve district and attempted to steal 23 cartons of cigarettes but was caught by police upon exiting the store in possession of the cartons. It was during this time that Boucher's girlfriend, Diane Leblanc, was pregnant. By his own admission, Boucher was addicted to alcohol and marijuana and he often used cocaine, amphetamines, LSD, and heroin, though he stated to a police psychologist, Martin Pellerin, in February 1975 that he stopped using hard drugs in September 1974. In February 1975, Boucher was interviewed by Pellerin who described him as an ambitious man who wanted to get rich without working. Boucher told Pellerin that he would have liked to have followed his father into the construction trade, but the economic recession caused by the Arab oil shock of 1973–74 had made work very hard to find. Pellerin also described Boucher as lacking emotional empathy as a result of his abusive childhood, saying he was a very cold-hearted individual who regarded violence as acceptable behaviour. On 5 November 1975, Boucher committed an armed robbery but was caught and sentenced to 40 months in prison. Boucher went into a butcher's shop armed with a rifle and stole $138.38, but because he used a gun with the robbery, the court imposed a stiff sentence.",
"In December 1978, Boucher and his younger brother, Christian, were arrested for a series of home invasions, and for beating up the owner of one of the homes they had robbed. In July 1979, Boucher got a job working at a plastic factory in Montreal, which he held for four years, which was the longest period of legitimate employment in his entire life. In December 1981, Boucher was again charged with a home invasion, but the charges were dropped when the victim refused to testify against him in court. Around 1982, Boucher was a member of a white supremacist motorcycle gang named the SS who were based in Pointe-aux-Trembles, on the eastern tip of the Island of Montreal. The SS were a group of men of working-class background who were strongly opposed to non-white immigration and initially their activities were limited to beating up non-white immigrants in order to make them go back to their countries of origin. A fellow member of the SS was Salvatore Cazzetta; the two became friends. As leaders of the gang, they became candidates to join the Hells Angels when the Angels decided to expand its operations into the rest of Canada. One of the members of the SS was one Normand \"Biff\" Hamel, who was to follow Boucher into the Hells Angels; it was Hamel, whose first conviction for drug dealing was in 1978, who introduced the SS gang to the drug trade. Hamel argued that this was a more profitable form of activity than beating up non-white immigrants."
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popqa | a86ac8d7-a883-4c93-89cf-c024144e219e | What is Martin Shapiro's occupation? | Martin Shapiro | [
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"American screenwriter\nMartin Shapiro is an American screenwriter and comic book writer. He created the horror comic book series \"Chopper\" published by Asylum Press and wrote the screenplay for the movie version of it. Early life. Shapiro was born at a United States Army base in Frankfurt, Germany where his father was stationed. He was raised in Richmond, Virginia. After high school, he served for eight years in the U.S. Air Force. In 1990, he attended Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, with the intention of becoming an Air Force pilot upon graduation. In 1991, Shapiro was recalled to active duty for the Gulf War. While still deployed in Kuwait, he decided to change gears in life and applied to the University of Central Florida Film School. Shortly after returning to Patrick AFB, Florida, he was accepted into UCF's motion picture program, where he developed a passion for writing, directing and producing films alongside classmates Eduardo Sanchez and Daniel Myrick, who went on to co-direct \"The Blair Witch Project\" several years later. Career. Film. Shapiro’s first feature-length screenplay \"Lair of the Fox\", a military action-thriller, was optioned by Ilya Salkind (Producer of \"Superman\"). Shapiro went on to write and develop projects for MGM, HBO and other production companies including an adaptation of \"Dragonlance\", the \"New York Times\" bestselling series of fantasy novels with sales of 22 million copies worldwide, and the role-playing game \"Millennium’s End\".",
"While writing professionally in Los Angeles, Shapiro attended the UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television, where he received his Master of Fine Arts degree in Screenwriting. While in the program, he won the prestigious UCLA Showcase award for his war drama \"Crossfire\". Comic books. In 2011, Shapiro launched \"Chopper\", a creator-owned comic book series published by Asylum Press. The movie rights to the book were optioned in the same year and Shapiro wrote the screenplay adaptation. Web series. A prequel based on characters from the comic book was produced as a web series starring actors Tyler Mane (\"Halloween\", \"X-Men\") and Andrew Bryniarski (\"The Texas Chainsaw Massacre\", \"Batman Returns\"). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Shapiro, and its variations such as Shapira, Schapiro, Schapira, Sapir, Sapira, Spira, Spiro, Sapiro, Szapiro/Szpiro in Polish and Chapiro in French (more at \"See also\"), is a Jewish Ashkenazi surname. Etymology. The surname is derived from Spira, the medieval name of Speyer in Germany; compare with Spire, the French name for that city. Other name variants based on the city name \"Spira\" include Spira, Spire, Spiro, Spear, Szpir, Szpiro, Spero, Sapir, Sapiro, Chapiro and Sprai. The Jewish community of Speyer was one of three leading cities central to the development of Ashkenazi culture, referred to as the , an acronym based on the names of the cities of Speyer/Spira, Worms and Mainz. The family name Speyer (based on the modern German name for the same city) has also become a well-known surname that was spread by Jews from Frankfurt to England, the United States and Canada in the late 19th and early 20th century. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"American poet\nKarl Jay Shapiro (November 10, 1913 – May 14, 2000) was an American poet. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1945 for his collection \"V-Letter and Other Poems\". He was appointed the fifth Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1946. Shapiro served in the Pacific Theater as a United States Army company clerk during World War II. Biography. Shapiro was born and initially raised in Baltimore, Maryland. After spending much of his childhood and adolescence in Chicago, Illinois, the family returned to Baltimore, where he completed his secondary education at Baltimore City College. He briefly attended the University of Virginia during the 1932-1933 academic year, and wrote about it in a critical poem called \"University\", which noted that \"to hurt the Negro and avoid the Jew is the curriculum.\" His first volume of poetry was published by a family friend at the behest of his uncle in 1935. After continuing his studies at the Peabody Institute (where he majored in piano performance), he attended Johns Hopkins University on a scholarship from 1937 to 1939. In 1940, he enrolled in a library science school associated with Baltimore's Enoch Pratt Free Library, where he was also employed. Shapiro wrote poetry in the Pacific Theater while he served there as a United States Army company clerk during World War II. Throughout the conflict, he engaged in near-daily correspondence with his fiancée and first wife, Evalyn Katz (m. 1945-1967), who moved to New York City to act as his literary agent in 1942. In this capacity, Katz facilitated the publication of much of his early oeuvre.",
"His collection \"V-Letter and Other Poems\", written while Shapiro was stationed in New Guinea, was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1945, while Shapiro was still in the military. From 1946 to 1947, he served as Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress, succeeding Louise Bogan; this position was reclassified by Congress in 1985 as the Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress. Poems from his earlier books display a mastery of formal verse with a modern sensibility that viewed such topics as automobiles, houseflies, and drug stores as worthy of attention. In 1963, the poet/critic Randall Jarrell praised Shapiro's work:Karl Shapiro's poems are fresh and young and rash and live; their hard clear outlines, their flat bold colors create a world like that of a knowing and skillful neoprimitive painting, without any of the confusion or profundity of atmosphere, of aerial perspective, but with notable visual and satiric force. The poet early perfected a style, derived from Auden but decidedly individual, which he has not developed in later life but has temporarily replaced with the clear Rilke-like rhetoric of his Adam and Eve poems, the frankly Whitmanesque convolutions of his latest work. His best poem--poems like \"The Leg\", \"Waitress\", \"Scyros\", \"Going to School\", \"Cadillac\"--have a real precision, a memorable exactness of realization, yet they plainly come out of life's raw hubbub, out of the disgraceful foundations, the exciting and disgraceful surfaces of existence."
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"doc_chunk": "American screenwriter\nMartin Shapiro is an American screenwriter and comic book writer. He created the horror comic book series \"Chopper\" published by Asylum Press and wrote the screenplay for the movie version of it. Early life. Shapiro was born at a United States Army base in Frankfurt, Germany where his father was stationed. He was raised in Richmond, Virginia. After high school, he served for eight years in the U.S. Air Force. In 1990, he attended Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, with the intention of becoming an Air Force pilot upon graduation. In 1991, Shapiro was recalled to active duty for the Gulf War. While still deployed in Kuwait, he decided to change gears in life and applied to the University of Central Florida Film School. Shortly after returning to Patrick AFB, Florida, he was accepted into UCF's motion picture program, where he developed a passion for writing, directing and producing films alongside classmates Eduardo Sanchez and Daniel Myrick, who went on to co-direct \"The Blair Witch Project\" several years later. Career. Film. Shapiro’s first feature-length screenplay \"Lair of the Fox\", a military action-thriller, was optioned by Ilya Salkind (Producer of \"Superman\"). Shapiro went on to write and develop projects for MGM, HBO and other production companies including an adaptation of \"Dragonlance\", the \"New York Times\" bestselling series of fantasy novels with sales of 22 million copies worldwide, and the role-playing game \"Millennium’s End\".",
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popqa | 9ca34add-2de5-4d7e-aebe-5e1f25cc1629 | What is Lewis J. Rachmil's occupation? | Lewis J. Rachmil | [
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"American film producer\nLewis J. Rachmil (July 3, 1908 – February 19, 1984) was an American film producer and art director. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category of Best Art Direction for the film \"Our Town\". In the mid and late 1940s, he produced several of William Boyd's popular \"Hopalong Cassidy\" B-Westerns. In 1959, he was producer of \"Men into Space\", a one-season CBS TV series that tried to give a serious science fiction preview of where the then-new American space program seemed to be heading. During the 1960s he produced several films in England for Mirisch Films. He was born in New York City and died in Beverly Hills, California. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American singer-songwriter\nJeff Lewis is a singer-songwriter from Dallas, Texas. He was a contestant on \"The Voice\" Season 4, on Team Usher. Notable work. Lewis is featured on the \"Lego Batman\" soundtrack on the track \"Friends Are Family\" by Oh, Hush! feat. Will Arnett and Jeff Lewis. The soundtrack debuted at number 18 and peaked at number 11 on the \"Billboard\" Soundtrack charts in 2017. Lewis also made more songs with Oh, Hush!, \"Found My Place.\" from the Lego Ninjago Movie soundtrack and \"Ready for the Ride\" from Disneyland Paris 30th anniversary parade show \"Dream.. and Shine Brighter!\". Lewis is also featured on the \"Descendants\" soundtrack, providing King Ben's singing voice. The song \"Did I Mention\" from the film is performed by Lewis and Mitchell Hope, and peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart. \"Set It Off\", performed by Lewis, Dove Cameron, Sofia Carson, Sarah Jeffery, Cameron Boyce, Booboo Stewart, and Mitchell Hope, debuted at number 17 and peaked at number 6 on the \"Billboard\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart. Lewis returned for the \"Descendants 2\" soundtrack, in the song \"You and Me.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American politician\nWilliam J. Lewis (July 4, 1766 – November 1, 1828) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia. Born in Augusta County, Virginia, Lewis was the son of Major William Lynn Lewis (1724–1811) and Anne Margaret Montgomery\n(1737–1808). His grandfather was John Lewis (1678–1762). Lewis attended the common schools. He served as member of the Virginia House of Delegates. Lewis was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819). He died at \"Mount Athos\" plantation, near Lynchburg, Virginia, November 1, 1828. He was interred in a vault blasted out of a solid rock at the summit of \"Mount Athos,\" Virginia. Mount Athos was destroyed by fire in 1876, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975 as an archaeological site. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American scientist (born 1962)\nUlfila Mark J. Lewis is a senior American aerospace and defense executive with special expertise in hypersonics. He is currently the Executive Director of the National Defense Industrial Association's Emerging Technologies Institute, following his role in the second half of 2020 as the acting US Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, and before that the Director of Defense Research and Engineering for Modernization. He was the Chief Scientist of the U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. from 2004 to 2008 and was the longest-serving Chief Scientist in Air Force history. He served as chief scientific adviser to the Chief of Staff and Secretary of the Air Force, and provided assessments on a wide range of scientific and technical issues affecting the Air Force mission. In this role he identified and analyzed technical issues and brought them to attention of Air Force leaders, and interacted with other Air Staff principals, operational commanders, combatant commands, acquisition, and science & technology communities to address cross-organizational technical issues and solutions. His primary areas of focus included energy, sustainment, long-range strike technologies, advanced propulsion systems, and workforce development. He additionally interacted with other services and the Office of the Secretary of Defense on issues affecting the Air Force in-house technical enterprise. He also served on the Steering Committee and Senior Review Group of the U.S. Air Force Scientific Advisory Board (SAB), and was the principal science and technology representative of the Air Force to the civilian scientific and engineering community and to the public at large.",
"He is currently a member of the U.S. Air Force Scientific Advisory Board and Director of the Science and Technology Policy Institute. Biography. Ulfila Lewis joined the faculty of the Aerospace Engineering department of the Clark School at the University of Maryland in College Park in August 1988. He has conducted basic and applied research in, and taught many aspects of, hypersonic aerodynamics, advanced propulsion, and space vehicle design and optimization. His work has spanned the aerospace flight spectrum, from the analysis of conventional jet engines to entry into planetary atmospheres at hypervelocity speeds. His research activities have contributed directly to several NASA and Department of Defense programs in the areas of high-speed vehicle and spacecraft design. Lewis was the founder of the Center for Hypersonic Education and Research, and later the NASA-Air Force Constellation University Institutes Project. Ulfila Lewis was formerly the Willis Young Jr. Professor and Chair of the Department of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Maryland at College Park (stepping down in April 2012). He was also formerly president of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). He is an author of over 280 technical publications and has served as the research advisor to more than 60 graduate students. He is active in national and international professional societies, with responsibilities for both research and educational policy and support. In addition, he has served on various advisory boards for the Air Force and DOD, including two terms on the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, where he participated in several summer studies and chaired a number of science and technology reviews of the Air Force Research Laboratory."
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popqa | 70f2d97b-0fee-4340-9bf2-f9d71db39063 | What is René Bégin's occupation? | René Bégin | [
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"Canadian politician (1912–1981)\nRené Bégin (July 2, 1912 – November 18, 1981) was a Canadian politician and wholesaler. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1957 election as a Member of the Liberal Party for the riding of Quebec West. He lost the 1953 election as an Independent Liberal candidate and lost the elections of 1958 and 1962 as a Member of the Liberal Party. He was born in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. ! colspan=\"9\"|1953 Canadian federal election: Quebec West\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes\n! colspan=\"9\"|1957 Canadian federal election: Quebec West\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes\n! colspan=\"9\"|1958 Canadian federal election: Quebec West\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes\n! colspan=\"9\"|1962 Canadian federal election: Quebec West\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes",
"Canadian ice hockey player (born 1978)\nJoseph Denis Stéphan Bégin (); born June 14, 1978) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who played in 13 National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. He was a second-round selection of the Calgary Flames, 40th overall, in the 1996 NHL Entry Draft, and played with the Flames, Montreal Canadiens, Dallas Stars, Boston Bruins and Nashville Predators in his NHL career. After missing a full season due to injury, Bégin made a successful comeback by rejoining the Flames in 2012–13 before another injury forced his retirement. Bégin played junior hockey with the Val-d'Or Foreurs where he was a member of their Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) championship winning team in 1998. He also led the Saint John Flames to the American Hockey League (AHL)'s Calder Cup championship in 2001 and won the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as the most valuable player of the playoffs. Bégin adopted a role as a defensive specialist and grinder in an NHL career where he has played over 500 games. Personal life. A native of Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Bégin grew up in a single parent household, raised by his father Gilles on a welfare income. Gilles worked as a landscaper, while Steve often helped his father at work until he was 18 years old. Introduced to hockey by family friends, Bégin began playing at age six and was an offensively minded player in his minor hockey years.",
"He wore second-hand equipment as his father struggled to pay the costs of hockey, but from a young age expressed his confidence he would make it to the National Hockey League (NHL). As a youth, he played in the 1992 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Francheville, Quebec. Bégin moved to Val-d'Or, Quebec, to play junior hockey, where he met his wife, Amélie. The couple have two daughters and eventually settled in Montreal. Playing career. Junior. Bégin played three years for the Val-d'Or Foreurs of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) between 1995 and 1998, where he scored 44 goals and recorded 117 points to go along with 520 penalty minutes in 157 games. The Calgary Flames selected him with their second round pick, 40th overall, in the 1996 NHL Entry Draft. Following the 1996–97 QMJHL season, the Flames assigned Bégin to their American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Saint John Flames, with whom he recorded two assists in four playoff games. Bégin earned a spot with the Calgary Flames to begin the 1997–98 season. He made his NHL debut on October 1, 1998, against the Detroit Red Wings, and appeared in five games before he was returned to Val-d'Or for the remainder of the season on October 28. The Foreurs went on to win the President's Cup as QMJHL champions. Bégin made his lone appearance with the Canadian national team that season, playing and serving as an alternate captain with the junior team at the 1998 World Junior Hockey Championship.",
"He had no points and ten penalty minutes in seven games in what was an eighth-place finish for Canada. Calgary Flames. After graduating from junior hockey, Bégin played his first full professional season with Saint John in 1998–99. He had 20 points and 156 penalty minutes in 73 games, and scored his first professional goal on October 8, 1998, against the St. John's Maple Leafs. Bégin spent the majority of the next two seasons in Saint John, but made sporadic appearances with Calgary. He appeared in 13 games with the Flames in 1999–2000 and scored his first NHL goal on February 12, 2000, on goaltender Sean Burke of the Phoenix Coyotes. He played in four NHL games in 2000–01 while enjoying the best statistical season of his professional career in Saint John, scoring 28 points in 58 games. In the playoffs, Bégin led Saint John to the Calder Cup championship. He scored 17 points in 19 games and was named the recipient of the Jack A. Butterfield Trophy as the most valuable player of the playoffs. His 17 points were fourth best in the AHL, and 10 goals were second. Bégin played his first full NHL season in 2001–02, appearing in 53 games for the Flames where he scored 7 goals and 12 points to go along with 79 penalty minutes. He had 4 goals and 4 assists in 50 games for Calgary in 2002–03. He left Calgary in the off-season as he was part of a three team trade on July 3, 2003.",
"Bégin was dealt to the Buffalo Sabres along with Chris Drury in exchange for Rhett Warrener and Steve Reinprecht, whom the Sabres acquired from the Colorado Avalanche to complete the deal. Montreal Canadiens. Bégin was promoted by Buffalo coach Lindy Ruff as a hard working, \"blue collar\" type player that Sabres fans would enjoy watching, but he never played a game with the Sabres. He was exposed to the waiver draft prior to the start of the 2003–04 NHL season and claimed by the Montreal Canadiens. He played an energy role for the Canadiens, and scored 10 goals for Montreal in 52 games. After playing through injury in 2003–04, Bégin underwent shoulder surgery that caused him to miss five months of playing time. When he returned to action, an ongoing labour dispute in the NHL led to his being assigned to the AHL's Hamilton Bulldogs in February 2005, with whom he was immediately counted upon to play a leadership role. Bégin returned to the Canadiens in 2005–06 and set career highs in goals (11), points (23) and penalty minutes (113). The Montreal media named him the recipient of the Jacques-Beauchamp Molson Trophy, a team award given to a Canadiens' player who played a \"dominant role\" with the team, without earning any other honours. Plagued by injuries, Bégin missed time due to rib and shoulder injuries. He appeared in only 52 games in 2006–07 and 44 games in 2007–08 and scored 18 points combined over the two seasons. Dallas, Boston and Nashville."
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popqa | 917fec3c-28c4-4168-8d8e-d3368ff66b12 | What is Louis O'Dea's occupation? | Louis O'Dea | [
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"Irish politician (died 1955)\nLouis Edward O'Dea (died 19 February 1955) was an Irish politician and solicitor. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway constituency at the 1923 general election. He did not take his seat in the Dáil due to Sinn Féin's abstentionist policy. He did not contest June 1927 general election. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Galway West constituency at the 1938 general election. In 1944 as a member of Fianna Fáil, he was elected to the 5th Seanad on the Cultural and Educational Panel. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Irish surname\nO'Dea ( ; , formerly ), is an Irish surname derived from \"\", the name of a tenth-century clan chieftain. According to historian C. Thomas Cairney, the O'Deas were one of the chiefly families of the Dal gCais or Dalcassians who were a tribe of the Erainn who were the second wave of Celts to settle in Ireland between about 500 and 100 BC. O'Dea clan origins. The O'Dea clan, also found as O'Day or just Day, came originally from County Clare in Ireland where there is a fortified tower house over 500 years old known as O'Dea Castle at the townland of Dysert O'Dea (, meaning 'hermitage'). The ruins of the Dysert O'Dea Monastery, round tower, and St. Tola's high cross are 265 metres to the south-southwest of the castle in the adjacent townland of Mollaneen (, meaning 'the little hill'), near Corofin. ()\nEdward MacLysaght, the former Chief Herald of Ireland, writing in his book, \"Irish Families\", began his discussion of the O'Dea family as follows:\nIn another book, \"The Surnames of Ireland\", MacLysaght describes the O'Deas as \"one of the principal Dalcassian septs\", and about the name itself, he remarks, \"The prefix O is now almost always used, but a century ago Dea was quite usual and the surname Day was regarded as synonymous.\" Ancestry.",
"The O'Deas – together with the O'Quinns () and the O'Griffins () – belonged to the group, which was a branch of the Dalcassian tribe. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Fortified tower house in Ireland\nO'Dea Castle, also known as Dysert O'Dea Castle, is an Irish fortified tower house, loosely described as a castle at Dysert O'Dea (, meaning 'hermitage'), the former O'Dea clan stronghold, from Corofin, County Clare. It was built between 1470 and 1490 by Diarmaid O'Dea, Lord of Cineal Fearmaic, and stands some high on a limestone outcrop base measuring . The tower is adjacent to Dysert O'Dea Monastery, close to the R476 road. History. The Battle of Dysert O'Dea, which drove the Anglo-Normans from the region for over 200 years, took place at this site on 10 May 1318. The castle was built between 1470 and 1490 by Diarmaid O'Dea, Lord of Cineal Fearmaic. The Earl of Ormond took the castle from the O'Dea clan in 1570 by force. By 1584, however, they had regained it. At that time, Domhnall Maol O'Dea was listed as owner. Domhnall supported the northern Chiefs in the Nine Years' War of 1594-1603 and subsequently Dysert Castle fell to the Protestant Bishop of Kildare, Daniel Neylon, who in 1594 bequeathed it to his son, John. The castle soon returned to the O'Dea clan. Conor Cron O'Dea supported the Confederates and participated in the successful siege of Ballyalla Castle in 1642.",
"After the fall of Limerick in 1651 to the Cromwellian forces, they maintained a small garrison here. When they left, the soldiers demolished the battlements, upper floors and staircase. The Neylon family then returned but during the reign of Charles II, Conor Cron O'Dea regained the castle. Conor's sons, Michael and James, supported the cause of James II and once again lost the castle. The lands passed to the Synge family but the castle eventually and gradually fell into ruin. In 1970, John O'Day of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin (USA) purchased the tower and had it restored. The castle was then leased to the Dysert Development Association, which, with support from the Irish Tourist Board, opened it as \"The Dysert O'Dea Castle Archaeology Centre\" in 1986. It showed an exhibition of local artefacts from the Stone Age to 1922. Today. Today, the centre is known as the \"Clare Archaeology Centre\", with exhibits of local archaeological artefacts from 1000 BC to 1700 AD, local history over the last three centuries, and a wall walk of parts of the castle. The Dysert O'Dea Archeology Trail includes sites around the tower, including the remains of the Dysert O'Dea Monastery. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 8685d979-9d97-4c13-825d-db1a449cd7d3 | What is Guo Gengmao's occupation? | Guo Gengmao | [
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"Chinese politician\nGuo Gengmao (; born December 1950) is a politician of the People's Republic of China. He served as Communist Party Secretary and Governor of Henan Province, as well as Governor of his native Hebei Province. Biography. Guo Gengmao was born in Ji County, Hebei (now the county-level city of Jizhou), in December 1950. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in March 1972. Guo graduated from the political science division of the International Politics faculty of Peking University. He also obtained a master's degree in Political Economics from the CCP Central Party School. Guo served in various positions in Hebei province for some 30 years. He began work in November 1975 as the deputy party secretary of a people's commune in Ji County. He was mayor of Xingtai from 1994 to 1997. Guo was then promoted to vice-governor of Hebei in 1998 and Executive Vice Governor of Hebei in 2000, as well as deputy secretary of the provincial government's leading party group. Guo then became the acting governor of Hebei and concurrently the deputy party secretary in October 2006, and was officially elected governor in January 2007. In a reshuffling of provincial leadership in 2008, Guo was transferred to the neighboring Henan Province. He became the Deputy Communist Party Secretary of Henan in March 2008 in preparation for his governorship, and was appointed as the acting governor of Henan on April 7, 2008. On January 17, 2009, Guo was confirmed as governor of Henan.",
"In 2013, upon the departure of Lu Zhangong, Guo was promoted to party chief, having served for some seven years as governor of two provinces by this point. On 26 March 2016, Guo stepped down as Henan party chief after reaching the retirement age. He was succeeded by the governor Xie Fuzhan. After retiring from active politics, Guo sat on the National People's Congress Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee as a vice chair. Guo was an alternate member of the 16th Central Committee and is a full member of the 17th Central Committee and the 18th Central Committee of the CCP. He was a delegate to the 10th, 11th, and 12th National People's Congresses. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"\"Guo\", written in Chinese: 郭, is one of the most common Chinese surnames and means \"the wall that surrounds a city\" in Chinese. It can also be transliterated as Cok, Gou, Quo, Quach, Quek, Que, Keh, Kuo, Kwo, Kuoch, Kok, Koc, Kwee, Kwek, Kwik, Kwok, Kuok, Kuek, Gock, Koay, or Ker. The Korean equivalent is spelled Kwak; the Vietnamese equivalent is Quách. The different ways of spelling this surname indicate the origin of the family. For example, the Cantonese \"Kwok\" originated in Hong Kong and the surrounding area. In the Philippines, the spelling is \"Que\", \"Ke\", \"Quepe\", and \"Kepa\". In 2019, Guo was the 16th most common surname in mainland China. Origins. There are eight legendary origins of the Guo surname, which include a Persian (Hui) origin, a Korean origin, and a Mongolian origin, as a result of sinicization. However, the majority of people bearing the surname Guo are descended from the Han Chinese. Hui surname. One of the Guo family is from the Hui clans around Quanzhou in Fujian. Early in the 14th century, a Persian Al-Qudsan Al-Dhaghan Nam (伊本·庫斯·德廣貢·納姆) was sent to Quanzhou by Külüg Khan for assisting grain transportation by sea.",
"He failed to return to Khanbaliq due to war, then got married and settled at Quanzhou. Because his Persian surname Qudsan pronounces similar to Chinese Guo, Al-Qudsan Al-Dhaghan Nam's grandsons began to change their surname to Guo in order to assimilate with local Han Chinese. It was politically expedient to claim they were descendants of Guo Ziyi in order to be better accommodated by local people and later the Ming dynasty government. After Haijin policy applied and the Portuguese began to dominate the China-Middle East maritime trade, they were more localized and recognized as descendants as Guo Ziyi by themselves and by local people. Due to more people of these clans identifying as Hui, the population of Hui has grown. All these clans needed was evidence of ancestry from Arab, Persian, or other Muslim ancestors to be recognized as Hui, and they did not need to practice Islam. The Communist party and its policies encouraged the definition of Hui as a nationality or ethnicity. The Chinese government's Historic Artifacts Bureau preserved tombs of Arabs and Persians whom Hui are descended from around Quanzhou. Many of these Hui worship their village guardian deities and are non-Muslims; they include Buddhists, Taoists, followers of Chinese Folk Religions, secularists, and Christians. Many clans with thousands of members in numerous villages across Fujian recorded their genealogies and had Muslim ancestry. Hui clans originating in Fujian have a strong sense of unity among their members, despite being scattered across a wide area in Asia, such as Fujian, Taiwan, Singapore, Indonesia, and Philippines.",
"In Taiwan there are also descendants of Hui who came with Koxinga who no longer observe Islam, the Taiwan branch of the Guo (romanized as Kuo in Taiwan) family are non-Muslims, but maintain a tradition of not offering pork at ancestral shrines. The Chinese Muslim Association counts these people as Muslims. The Taiwanese Guo clan view their Hui identity as irrelevant and don't assert that they are Hui. Various different accounts are given as to whom the Hui Guo clan is descended from. Several of the Guo claimed descent from Han chinese General Guo Ziyi. They were then distressed and disturbed at the fact that their claim of descent from Guo Ziyi contradicted their being Hui, which required foreign ancestry. The Encyclopædia Iranica claims the ancestor of the Guo clan in Baiqi was the Persian Ebn Tur (Daqqaq). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Guo."
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"doc_chunk": "Chinese politician\nGuo Gengmao (; born December 1950) is a politician of the People's Republic of China. He served as Communist Party Secretary and Governor of Henan Province, as well as Governor of his native Hebei Province. Biography. Guo Gengmao was born in Ji County, Hebei (now the county-level city of Jizhou), in December 1950. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in March 1972. Guo graduated from the political science division of the International Politics faculty of Peking University. He also obtained a master's degree in Political Economics from the CCP Central Party School. Guo served in various positions in Hebei province for some 30 years. He began work in November 1975 as the deputy party secretary of a people's commune in Ji County. He was mayor of Xingtai from 1994 to 1997. Guo was then promoted to vice-governor of Hebei in 1998 and Executive Vice Governor of Hebei in 2000, as well as deputy secretary of the provincial government's leading party group. Guo then became the acting governor of Hebei and concurrently the deputy party secretary in October 2006, and was officially elected governor in January 2007. In a reshuffling of provincial leadership in 2008, Guo was transferred to the neighboring Henan Province. He became the Deputy Communist Party Secretary of Henan in March 2008 in preparation for his governorship, and was appointed as the acting governor of Henan on April 7, 2008. On January 17, 2009, Guo was confirmed as governor of Henan.",
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popqa | 7c59593d-e306-4956-abca-4c1b908316a6 | What is Jacques Monasch's occupation? | Jacques Monasch | [
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"Dutch politician (born 1962)\nJacques Simon Monasch (born 4 January 1962) is a Dutch politician, art collector and former management as well as political consultant and civil servant. He was a member of the House of Representatives between 17 June 2010 and 23 March 2017, where he focused on matters of housing and spatial planning. He was a member of the Labour Party from 1986 to 2016. Due to Monasch leaving the Labour Party, the Second Rutte cabinet lost its majority in the House of Representatives. Several weeks after leaving the Labour Party Monasch announced he would enter the 2017 general election with his new party, \"Nieuwe Wegen\". His party did not obtain any seats in the election. Monasch studied public administration at the University of Groningen and political economy at the University of Essex. He owns a gallery of Russian art. Family. A grandfather of Jacques Monasch was Jewish; this grandfather was active in the textile business. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are over one hundred identified noble families related to the surname by the Nobility & Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Origins. The origin of this surname ultimately originates from the Latin, Jacobus, which belongs to an unknown progenitor. Jacobus comes from the Hebrew name, Yaaqov, which translates as \"one who follows\" or \"to follow after\". Ancient history. A French knight returning from the Crusades in the Holy Lands probably adopted the surname from \"Saint Jacques\" (or \"James the Greater\"). James the Greater was one of Jesus' Twelve Apostles, and is believed to be the first martyred apostle. Being endowed with this surname was an honor at the time and it is likely that the Church allowed it because of acts during the Crusades. Indeed, at this time, the use of biblical, Christian, or Hebrew names and surnames became very popular, and entered the European lexicon. Robert J., a Knight Crusader in 1248, was the first documented use of the surname.",
"Since then, several personalities who have glorified this surname: Guillaume, secretary of the Duke and auditor of the account in 1413; Thomas, the Archdeacon of Penthievre, the Prior of Pirmil, the Bishop of Leon in 1478, transferred to Dol in 1482, the ambassador of the duke to the Pope in 1486, who died in 1503, and is interred in his cathedral; Jean, the Canon of Dol and Prior of Lehon; François, Lord of the Ville-Carré, and the Provost Marshal in 1577; and Captain of Ploërmel, who prospered in Rennes in 1621; Bernard, a Rennes counsellor in 1653. The widespread use of surnames was not evident in Europe until the mid-to-late 16th century, and prior usage was restricted to the noble class. Spread of surname use into the UK and its spelling variations. The use of surnames reached England during the conquest by an army of Norman, Breton, Flemish, and French soldiers under William the Conqueror. The names became anglicised following the conquest. Over the centuries the spelling of the Jack surname has changed and developed as the French language became increasingly associated with high culture and status. Several European kings have thus adopted the name. Jack appears in the records spelled as Jacques, Jaques, Jack, Jacks, Jackes, Jakes, Jeeks, Jeke, Jeex, Jaquiss, Jaquez and Jaquis, with spelling variations even occurring in documents referring to the same person. There are several explanations for this situation.",
"Latin, as a language used by educated men, and the language of the Anglo-Saxons both had a profound impact on the spelling and pronunciation of Norman names. On the other hand, the Norman language affected the development of English. As the English language developed from its Germanic roots into Middle English (which was influenced by Norman French) we find a period during which spelling was not standardised but roughly followed phonetic pronunciation. During this time names were spelled a variety of ways depending upon local dialects. Thus the surname, as well as the Anglo-Saxon names, were recorded in many different ways. Early history. Norman surnames like Jack are sometimes mistakenly considered French, though Normans (a term derived from \"Northmen\"), were of partial Viking origin. In 911, Vikings settled in their namesake region, Normandy, in current day France, where their language merged with that of locals. Throughout this period, England also endured Viking invasions, but the Anglo-Saxons successfully repelled them until 994. When the Danes ruled England, the Saxon royal family lived in Normandy and intermarried with the Duke of Normandy's family. William II, Duke of Normandy, could then claim the English throne when his cousin, Edward the Confessor, the restored Saxon king, died without an heir. At the Battle of Hastings, William's army defeated their rival, King Harold Godwin, who was killed in the engagement. William could then claim the throne as Harold was elected and not a true member of the royal family. Despite the success of the foreign \"conquest,\" English nobles were permitted to retain their land unless they rebelled.",
"Any resisting English elite had their lands confiscated, and some of them fled into exile as a result. William granted lands to his followers and built commanding military strongpoint castles for defence of his realm. By 1086, more than 92% of English nobles were replaced by William's followers. One of these followers is believed to be an ancestor of the surname, Jack. Early notables. Historians have studied documents such as the Domesday Book, compiled by William I of England, in search of the first record of the Jack surname, and found it to be of Norman origin, first appearing in Yorkshire where they held a family seat as Lords of the Manor of Nether Silton in the North Riding of the region. At the time of the Doomsday Book in 1086, Nether Silton was recorded as a village with a hall and the tenant-in-chief was the Count of Mortain. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of William Jagge, from Cambridgeshire dated 1251, in the \"Chartulary of Ramsey Abbey\", during the reign of King Henry III, who was known as \"The Frenchman\", 1216 – 1272, a witness in the Assize Court Rolls of Cambridgeshire in 1260. Katherine Jeke of Wikington in Stafford married Robert Farnham, Lord of Querndon in 1440. The family later acquired estates at Easby Abbey and Elvington. Of this latter branch, Sir Roger Jaques was Lord Mayor of York in 1639, and knighted by King Charles I. Sir John Jacques was also knighted by King Charles I in 1628."
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popqa | b4ec3927-afb1-4643-b557-078ba717cf11 | What is Robert Antoine's occupation? | Robert Antoine | [
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"Belgian Jesuit priest, missionary in India and professor\nRobert Antoine (1914 in Belgium – 1981 Calcutta, India) was a Belgian Jesuit priest, missionary in India. Professor of Comparative Literature at the Jadavpur University, he was a Sanskritist and musician. He was co-founder, with Pierre Fallon, of Shanti Bhavan, a dialogue centre at Calcutta. Education. Antoine entered the Society of Jesus in 1932, was sent to Calcutta in 1939, dedicated himself to the study of Sanskrit, and became the first Jesuit to obtain a master's degree from the University of Calcutta in Sanskrit philology. Besides this, he held a Licentiate in Philosophy, a Licentiate in Theology, a B.A. Classics. Work. Antoine arrived in India in 1939 and became an Indian citizen in 1950. His untimely death from liver cancer occurred in 1981. During the 42 years he spent in India, mainly in Calcutta, he contributed much to the Bengali culture, the diffusion of Sanskrit and the life of the Church in Bengal. In the words of Felix Raj, \"he was an eminent priest, a scholar, an accomplished teacher, a gifted musician and singer and a dear friend\". From 1956, he was lecturer in the Department of Comparative Literature of the Jadavpur University. He also taught at St. Xavier's College, Calcutta. In 1950 he founded the dialogue center \"Shanti Bhavan\" with Pierre Fallon as a center of inter-faith, inter-cultural dialogue and their home amidst a population of middle-class intelligentsia.",
"For many years, their periodical, \"Darśan Cakra\", attracted keen professors of philosophy and other intellectuals. But Shanti Bhavan was above all a centre of friendly conversations, music, songs, bhajans and Eucharistic liturgy. From there Antoine produced his ten books (Sanskrit manual, Bengali hymn book, translations, Indological essays, ecumenical dialogue, etc.) and as many articles. Special mention must be made of \"Religious Hinduism\", which Antoine, with some other Jesuit friends, had planned, first as a series of 24 monthly letters which appeared from June 1957 to June 1959, then, with Joseph Neuner and Richard De Smet as editors, as an enlarged book in 1964. Antoine contributed himself nine of the chapters of this book; a 'third' revised edition was produced in 1968, and a fourth in 1997. Most of his articles are archived by the Jadavpur Journal of Comparative Literature, published by the Department of Comparative Literature, Jadavpur University, annually. In Volume 6 (1966), edited by Naresh Guha, Father Antoine's article titled \"The Vision of Dante\" was published. Here he discussed critically the approaches to Dante's The Divine Comedy, analyzing the role of Virgil and allegories used by Dante. The Volume 8 ( 1968), edited by Amiya Dev, have his article titled \"Greek Tragedy and Sanskrit Drama\".",
"Here he discussed how both Greek Tragedies and Sanskrit literary pieces were inspired by their respective epic traditions, yet when the Greek literary pieces were meant for competition, Sanskrit pieces were to satisfy the ‘ critical taste of refined audience'. The 9th Volume of JJCL , published his article titled \"Classical Forms of the Simile\". He studied two different techniques in the use of literary images. He took the examples of Greek literature and Dante, and explained that when in West, literary images were taken as an analogy, in East, poets like Kalidasa preferred using images as alamkaras, extolling virtues. In used padas, succession of images can be traced, each describing virtues of the characters like Sita or Shakuntala. Antoine, critically commented on the use of these images and similes. The 11th Volume was edited by Amiya Dev. It has an essay named \"Calliope and the Epic of Ravana\". Here he discussed oral epic tradition of Ramayana and Homeric epics, and how those symbolically represented multiple strands of culture and practice of their roots. Substantiating how Calliope's language was a language of myth and 'quest of a society', while the multiple layers of narration in The Ramayana played with narrative motifs, Antoine unpacked how the narrative voice and position had significant role in the oral narratives. The 12th Volume published his article titled \"Calliope and Rama’s Initiation\".",
"With reference to The Ramayana and The Iliad, he argued that to fathom the framework and richness of epic tradition, the emphasis should be on the materials and messages of the long oral tradition, abandoning the concept of 'original'. JJCL 13th Voulme published his article titled \"From Aristotle to Roland Barthes\", that was part of the annual lectures at the Amal Bhattacharjee Memorial Centre for European Studies in Calcutta. In this article he stated how Aristotle's ideas of plot structure and evaluation of plot can be interpreted with reference to Russian Formalism, Linguistic Analogies and Levels of Narratives. He stated that when Aristotle's propositions would be scrutinized in these critical approaches, the hidden dynamism of narratives would unfold the working of story-telling and synchronic character of its language. In the JJCL 16–17th Volume, his article titled \" Bharata and Aristotle\" explained how Greek Tragedy and Sanskrit comedy weren't merely two conceptions of dramatic action, but also be scrutinized if testified with the tenets by Bharata regarding 'five avasthas' and Aristotle's ideas on 'Complex Plot' as he discussed in his Poetics. The 20–21st Volume printed his essay \" The Curse in Oedipus Rex and Abhijnanashakuntalam\". Here he discussed how despite 'curse' being a motif of both the Greek Tragedy and Sanskrit drama, the world views shaped the plots in different tone. In the world of Kalidasa, curse could be mitigated.",
"So, even when Dushyanta forgot due to Dushyanta's curse, the ring could bring back recognition of Shakuntala. Whereas in the Greek world, the curse wrecked Oedipus' s life, no matter how far he tried to escape from the oracle. Oedipus' strive to escape, rather brought him closer to the fulfillment of the oracle. From Volume 20 to 24 of JJCL, his article titled \" The Technique of Oral Composition in the Ramayana\", was published, part by part. While the first part elucidated the shift from one literary level to the other and the juxtaposed or intermingled levels of composition in The Ramayana, the second part was on how 'maha compounds' with metrical patterns, use of dhimat, tejas, cetas, ojas, adjectives ending in –in, and compounds ending with atman were used. The profuse use of patronymics were discussed too, by him. As continuation of the article, in the 23rd Volume, with examples from the Sanskrit Ramayana, he discussed the metrical patterns and compounds used by the bards, whereas in 24th Volume, he concluded how despite the problems faced by traditional bards, with the traditional formulae consisting verbal expressions and roots, the adjectival or adverbial expression enhanced the narrative quality of the adikavya. Bibliography. Primary bibliography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences."
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popqa | a7c240c5-c90b-4f98-a1ea-8aaf2da66095 | What is Howard Fowles's occupation? | Howard Fowles | [
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"Australian politician\nHoward Thomas Fowles (24 January 1894 – 17 May 1973) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1941 until 1968 and a member of the Labor Party (ALP) . He was the acting Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for 3 months in 1962. Fowles was born in Merrylands, New South Wales. He was the son of a blacksmith, was educated to elementary level at state schools. From the age of 14 he worked as a linesman for the New South Wales Government Railways and was an official in the Electrical Trades Union until 1941. In later life, he was also a poultry farmer. Fowles was elected to the New South Wales Parliament as the Labor member for the seat of Illawarra at the 1941 state election. . The sitting Labor member Billy Davies successfully contested the new seat of Wollongong-Kembla at that election. He retained the seat for the next 8 elections and retired at the 1968 state election. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Fowles is the surname of the following people:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"English cricketer\nMitchell Graham Fowles (born 18 December 1970) is a former English cricketer. Fowles was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Worcester, Worcestershire\nFowles made his debut for Herefordshire in the 1992 Minor Counties Championship against Wales Minor Counties. From 1992 to 1997, he represented the county in 30 Championship matches, the last of which came against Wiltshire. His MCCA Knockout Trophy debut for the county came against Staffordshire in 1992. From 1992 to 1997, he represented the county in 12 Trophy matches, the last of which came against Shropshire. He also represented Herefordshire in 2 List A matches against Durham in the 1995 NatWest Trophy and Somerset in the 1997 NatWest Trophy. In his 2 matches, he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 48.66, with best figures of 2/73. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Rugby player\nDuncan G. Fowles (18 July 1893– c. 1969) was a rugby union player who represented Australia. Fowles, a hooker, was born in Brisbane, Queensland and claimed a total of 7 international rugby caps for Australia. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American musician, author, and actor\nIan Fowles is an American musician, author, and actor, best known as the current guitarist for the Orange County rock band The Aquabats, in which he performs under the stage name and persona of EagleBones Falconhawk (originally Eagle \"Bones\" Falconhawk). Prior to joining The Aquabats, Fowles was also one of the founding members of the hardcore punk band Death by Stereo. Biography. Early life and Death by Stereo. Fowles grew up in Orange County, California, and started playing guitar in his early teen years, having been inspired by seeing the guitarist character of Marty McFly in the film \"Back to the Future\". By age 14, he was regularly playing in local punk bands, including one band called CleanX, who opened for The Aquabats in the late 1990s. In 1997, Fowles put together the original formation of Orange County hardcore punk band Death by Stereo, naming the band, designing its logo, and writing/recording on the band's early demos and EPs. In late 1998, Fowles left the group to serve a two-year mission for the LDS Church in Ohio. Though he didn't record on Death by Stereo's debut LP \"If Looks Could Kill, I'd Watch You Die\", he was given writing credits on nine of the album's fourteen songs, many of which had appeared on earlier demos and EPs. The Aquabats."
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popqa | ede1fef9-7f4d-474c-926d-459437779e7e | What is Đurđa Ivezić's occupation? | Đurđa Ivezić | [
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"Croatian actress (1936–2020)\nĐurđa Ivezić (17 October 1936 – 11 December 2020) was a Croatian film, television and stage actress. Biography. Ivezić voiced Betty Rubble in the Croatian synchronization(dubbing) of The Flintstones and Smurfette in The Smurfs. She died from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Croatian politician (born 1960)\nĐurđa Adlešič (also Đurđa Adlešić; born 9 August 1960) is a former Croatian politician and former leader of the center-right Croatian Social Liberal Party (HSLS). Adlešič entered politics in 1990 and was one of the founders of Croatian Social Liberal Party in her hometown. She became an MP in 1995. In 2000, she won her second term and became the vice-president of the party. In 2001 she became the mayor of Bjelovar. In 2003 she won her third term in the Parliament, and was reelected as mayor in 2005. She served as the president of the Croatian Social Liberal party from 2006 to 2009. In 2010 Adlešič left the HSLS and retired from politics in 2011. Sources. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Croatian athlete\nĐurđa Fočić (born 28 July 1948) is a Croatian athlete. She competed in the women's pentathlon at the 1968, 1972 and the 1976 Summer Olympics, representing Yugoslavia. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Croatian basketball player\nJelena Ivezić (born 17 March 1984 in Slavonski Brod, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Croatian female basketball player. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the Croatia women's national basketball team in the women's event. She is 6 ft 1 inches tall. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Yugoslav and Serbian football manager and player (1949–2016)\nZvonko Ivezić (; 17 February 1949 – 4 September 2016) was a Yugoslav and Serbian football manager and player. Club career. Born in Vajska, Ivezić joined Vojvodina in 1965, making his Yugoslav First League debut in the 1967–68 season. He amassed 220 appearances and scored 60 goals for the club in the top flight. In 1976, Ivezić moved abroad to France and signed with Sochaux, spending six seasons with the club. He also briefly played for Racing Paris, before retiring in 1983.\nInternational career. At international level, Ivezić was capped four times for Yugoslavia between 1975 and 1976, scoring two goals. His final international was a September 1976 friendly match against Italy. Managerial career. After hanging up his boots, Ivezić managed numerous clubs in his homeland, including Bečej and Mladost Bački Jarak in the First League of FR Yugoslavia during the 1996–97 season. In 2002, Ivezić was manager of Vrbas in the Second League of FR Yugoslavia. He also served as manager of Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina club Rudar Ugljevik in 2004. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 3f3f444d-9f3e-45f0-8b73-13c351ff82f3 | What is Jeet Ganguly's occupation? | Jeet Gannguli | [
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"Indian score composer, music director and playback singer\n \nJeet Gannguli (, born Chandrajeet Ganguly, on 24 May 1977), is an Indian score composer of Bengali and Hindi movies and Playback Singer of Bengali Movies. Early life and education. Born in a Kulin Bengali Brahmin family, Gannguli was initiated into the world of music at the age of three. He was a student of Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School from where he completed his schooling. Later he graduated from the University of Calcutta. He is trained in Indian classical music under the guidance of his father Kali Ganguly and his pisima (father's sister) Shibani Roychowdhury. He studied western classical music, jazz and rock with jazz guitarist Carlton Kitto. Career. Gannguli got his first break when Sanjay Gadhvi was signed on to direct \"Tere Liye\" and he, in turn, signed on his friends Jeet Gannguli and Pritam as music composers. In 2002 Yash Raj Films signed Gadhvi up to direct \"Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai\", for which the Gannguli-Pritam duo composed the music. But due to some misunderstanding, soon after the film, Gannguli decided to split and the partners went their separate ways. He then started scoring music for Hindi and Bengali films, TV serials and Jingles.",
"He has composed several songs for several Hindi movies like \"Khamoshiyan\", \"Aashiqui 2\", \"Hamari Adhuri Kahani\", \"Rustom\", \"Raaz Reboot\", etc. which became hits . Gannguli has also composed several hit songs for many Superhit Bengali films like Shubhodrishti, Chirodini Tumi Je Amar, Mon Mane Na, Challenge, Dui Prithibi, Paglu, Awara, Paglu 2, Challenge 2, , Rangbaaz, Chirodini Tumi Je Amar, , Tonic, etc. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n15. Jeet Ganguly. He is also a Bengali \"Playback Singer\"",
"Jeet Gannguli popularly known as Jeet, is a score composer of Bengali and Hindi movies. Gannguli is a music director in Bollywood, scoring music for films. Gannguli got his first break when Sanjay Gadhvi was signed on to direct \"Tere Liye\" and he, in turn, signed on his friends Jeet Gannguli and Pritam as music composers. In 2002 Yash Raj Films signed Gadhvi up to direct \"Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai\", for which the Gannguli-Pritam duo composed the music. After the duo parted ways, Jeet started scoring music for Hindi and Bengali films, TV serials and Jingles. Jeet Gannguli has also composed music for a single track sung by well known singer in Hindi, Bengali. Bengali serial discography. Gannguli worked in these Bengali serials. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Jeet may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Indian writer (born 1959)\nJeet Thayil (born 1959) is an Indian poet, novelist, librettist and musician. He is the author of several poetry collections, including \"These Errors Are Correct\" (2008), which won the Sahitya Akademi Award. His first novel, \"Narcopolis,\" (2012), won the DSC Prize for South Asian Literature, and was shortlisted for the 2012 Man Booker Prize and \"The Hindu\" Literary Prize. Biography. Thayil was born in Kerala, India. His father is writer and editor Thayil Jacob Sony George, and the family moved with his work. Thayil was raised in Mumbai until age 8, then moved to Hong Kong, and returned to Mumbai at age 18 where he graduated from Wilson College. He later completed an MFA at Sarah Lawrence College in New York. Until age 40, Thayil lived in Mumbai and Bengaluru, and worked as a journalist in Mumbai, Bengaluru, Hong Kong, and New York. In 2006, he told \"The Hindu\" that he had been an alcoholic and an addict for almost two decades. He began using drugs after he returned to India at age 18. In 2013, he told \"Gulf News\" that he successfully quit at age 42. As a songwriter and guitarist, he is one half of the contemporary music project Sridhar/Thayil (Mumbai, New Delhi). Writing career."
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popqa | 836849ac-8328-4f0c-a3d6-32bb1451d5f0 | What is Akimasa Nakamura's occupation? | Akimasa Nakamura | [
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"Japanese astronomer (born 1961)\n (born 1961) is a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific observer of asteroids and comets, as well as a discoverer of minor planets. He has worked extensively at the Kuma Kogen Astronomical Observatory near Kuma, Ehime Prefecture, where he remains a staff member. His observations of asteroid brightness are well known. Career. Nakamura is also member of the Yamaneko Group of Comet Observers. He named main-belt asteroid 44711 Carp for his favorite baseball team, the Hiroshima Carp, and named 9081 Hideakianno after Japanese animation and film director, Hideaki Anno. Awards and honors. The asteroid 10633 Akimasa, orbiting between Mars and Jupiter, is named after him and was named in 1999 to coincide with his becoming a father. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Akimasa (written: 彰正, 顕正 or 明正) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Japanese footballer\n is a former Japanese football player. Playing career. Tsukamoto was born in Nagasaki Prefecture on November 22, 1969. After graduating from Aichi Gakuin University, he joined Japan Football League (JFL) club Yanmar Diesel (later \"Cerezo Osaka\") in 1992. He played many matches as side back. The club won the champions in 1994 and was promoted to J1 League from 1995. However he could hardly play in the match from 1995. In 1997, he moved to JFL club Sagan Tosu and played many matches until 1998. In 1999, he moved to Regional Leagues club Sagawa Express Osaka. He retired end of 2000 season. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Count was a Japanese bureaucrat, statesman and cabinet minister, active in Meiji- and Taishō-period Japan. Biography. Yoshikawa was born in Yamakawa, Awa Province (currently Yoshinogawa, Tokushima) as the son of a local \"samurai\". After the Meiji Restoration, he went to Tokyo and entered into service of the new Meiji government, rising to become head of the National Printing Bureau under the Ministry of Finance in 1872. He was a close protégé of Yamagata Aritomo and at Yamagata's urging, served as Governor of Tokyo from July 1882 to June 1885. As Governor, Yoshikawa submitted a plan for the complete redevelopment of Tokyo based on the redevelopment of Paris under Napoleon III. Yoshikawa's plan called for a system of wide boulevards and canals radiating out from the Tokyo Imperial Palace. He also called for an expansion of the train system to a terminus in an expanded Tokyo Station. Although some elements of the “Yoshikawa Plan” were eventually implemented, most remained on paper due to completing plans raised by other politicians, notably Inoue Kaoru. Yoshikawa then worked as Deputy Director of the Home Ministry from March 1886 to May 1890. When Yamagata became Prime Minister, Yoshikawa was appointed to his cabinet as Minister of Education, a post which he held from May 1890 to June 1891. Emperor Meiji expressed reservations over the appointment, but was convinced by Yamagata that the choice of the conservative Yoshikawa was suitable.",
"During this period, he played an important role in writing the Imperial Rescript on Education, which articulated government policy on the guiding principles of education in the Empire of Japan, and which had to be memorized by all students. In 1893, under the 2nd Itō Hirobumi administration, Yoshikawa was appointed Minister of Justice. He continued in the same position through the 2nd Matsukata Masayoshi administration. In February 1896, while still holding the position of Minister of Justice, he was concurrently appointed Home Minister. He also served as a chamberlain in the Imperial Household. In 1898, under the 1st Ōkuma Shigenobu administration, he was reappointed as Home Minister, and under the 2nd Yamagata administration in November 1898, was made Minister of Communications. That same year, he was elevated to the \"kazoku\" peerage with the title of \"shishaku\" (viscount). In 1901, under the 1st Katsura Tarō administration, he was reappointed as Minister of Communications. After his term ended in July 1903, he announced that he would be leaving public service; however, he accepted the post of Home Minister again in February 1904, serving until September 1905. In 1907, he became the 1st chairman of the Japan Society for Prevention of Sexually-transmitted Disease. He was subsequently elevated to \"hakushaku\" (count). In 1912, Yoshikawa became deputy secretary of the Privy Council. However, in 1917, he was forced to resign his positions and retire from public life over a major scandal caused by his 4th daughter Kamako."
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popqa | d595b916-f9b5-441b-92d3-9df795b1ea53 | What is Jean-Marie-Victor Viel's occupation? | Jean-Marie-Victor Viel | [
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"French architect\nJean-Marie-Victor Viel (1796–1863) was a French architect who designed the Palais de l'Industrie, an exhibition hall located between the Seine River and the Champs-Élysées which was erected for the Paris World Fair in 1855. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"French general (1763–1813)\nJean Victor Marie Moreau (, 14 February 1763 – 2 September 1813) was a French general who helped Napoleon Bonaparte rise to power, but later became his chief military and political rival and was banished to the United States. He is among the foremost French generals in military history. Biography. Rise to fame. Moreau was born at Morlaix in Brittany. His father was a successful lawyer, and instead of allowing Moreau to enter the army, as he attempted to do, insisted on Moreau studying law at the University of Rennes. Young Moreau showed no inclination for law, but reveled in the freedom of student life. Instead of taking his degree, he continued to live with the students as their hero and leader, and formed them into a sort of army, which he commanded as their provost. When 1789 came, he commanded the students in the daily affrays which took place at Rennes between the young noblesse and the populace. In 1791, Moreau was elected a lieutenant colonel of the volunteers of Ille-et-Vilaine. With them he served under Charles François Dumouriez, and in 1793 the good order of his battalion, and his own martial character and republican principles, secured his promotion as \"général de brigade\". Lazare Carnot promoted Moreau to be \"général de division\" early in 1794, and gave him command of the right wing of the army under Charles Pichegru, in Flanders.",
"The 1794 Battle of Tourcoing established Moreau's military fame, and in 1795 he was given the command of the Army of the Rhine and Moselle, with which he crossed the Rhine and advanced into Germany. He was at first completely successful and won several victories and penetrated to the Isar, but at last had to retreat before the Archduke Charles of Austria. However, the skill he displayed in conducting his retreat—which was considered a model for such operations—greatly enhanced his own reputation, the more so as he managed to bring back with him more than 5000 prisoners. Intrigues. In 1797, after prolonged difficulties caused by want of funds and materiel, he crossed the Rhine again, but his operations were checked by the conclusion of the preliminaries of Peace of Leoben between Bonaparte and the Austrians. It was at this time he found a traitorous correspondence between his old comrade and commander Charles Pichegru and the émigré Prince de Condé. He had already appeared as Pichegru's defender against imputations of disloyalty, and now he foolishly concealed his discovery, with the result that he has ever since been suspected of at least partial complicity. Too late to clear himself, he sent the correspondence to Paris and issued a proclamation to the army denouncing Pichegru as a traitor. Moreau was dismissed, and only re-employed in 1799, when the absence of Bonaparte and the victorious advance of the Russian commander Aleksandr Suvorov made it necessary to have some tried and experienced general in Italy.",
"He commanded the Army of Italy, with little success, for a short time before being appointed to the Army of the Rhine, and remained with Barthelemy Catherine Joubert, his successor in Italy, until the Battle of Novi had been fought and lost. Joubert fell in the battle, and Moreau then conducted the retreat of the army to Genoa, where he handed over the command to Jean Étienne Championnet. When Bonaparte returned from the French campaign in Egypt and Syria, he found Moreau in Paris, greatly dissatisfied with the French Directory government both as a general and as a republican, and obtained his assistance in the \"coup d'état\" of 18 Brumaire, when Moreau commanded the force which confined two of the directors in the Luxembourg Palace. In reward, Napoleon again gave him command of the Army of the Rhine, with which he forced back the Austrians from the Rhine to the Isar. On his return to Paris he married 19-year-old Eugénie Hulot, born in Mauritius and friend of Joséphine de Beauharnais, an ambitious woman who gained a complete ascendancy over him. After spending a few weeks with the army in Germany and winning the celebrated Battle of Hohenlinden (3 December 1800), he settled down to enjoy the fortune he had acquired during his campaigns. His wife collected around her all who were discontented with the aggrandisement of Napoleon.",
"This \"Club Moreau\" annoyed Napoleon, and encouraged the Royalists, but Moreau, though not unwilling to become a military dictator to restore the republic, would be no party to an intrigue for the restoration of Louis XVIII. All this was well known to Napoleon, who seized the conspirators. Moreau's condemnation was procured only by great pressure being brought to bear by Bonaparte on the judges; and after it was pronounced the First Consul treated him with a pretense of leniency, commuting a sentence of imprisonment to one of banishment. In 1804, Moreau passed through Spain and embarked for America. Banished from France. Moreau arrived with his wife in New York City, in August 1805. He was received with enthusiasm in the United States, but refusing all offers of service he traveled for some time through the country and settled in 1806 in Pennsylvania, where he bought a villa formerly belonging to Robert Morris near the Delaware River in Morrisville, across the river from Trenton. He lived there until 1813, dividing his time between fishing, hunting, and social intercourse. His abode was the refuge of all political exiles, and representatives of foreign powers tried to induce him to raise his sword against Napoleon. At the outbreak of the War of 1812, President James Madison offered him the command of the U.S. troops. Moreau was willing to accept, but after hearing the news of the destruction of the Grande Armée in Russia in November 1812, he decided to return to Europe."
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popqa | bedb37f6-4af5-4a54-876c-5a0ff4b86858 | What is Eckart von Hirschhausen's occupation? | Eckart von Hirschhausen | [
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"German Doctor, talk show host and comedian\nEckart von Hirschhausen (born 25 August 1967) is a German doctor, talk show host and comedian. Academic career. Born in Frankfurt, von Hirschhausen studied medicine, supported by a scholarship from the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes (German Academic Scholarship Foundation), at the Free University of Berlin, the University of Heidelberg and the University of London. The subject of his doctoral thesis was 'Efficiency of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on pigs in the hyperdynamic phase of endotoxemia' and he graduated magna cum laude from the University of Heidelberg. From 1996 to 1997, he studied scientific journalism at the Free University of Berlin, but without taking a degree. Journalism and television. In 1996, von Hirschhausen started writing, mainly for \"Focus\" and \"Der Tagesspiegel\". His first appearance on television is believed to have been as a guest contestant performing magic tricks in Jürgen von der Lippe's show \"Geld oder Liebe\" ('Money or Love'). From 1998 to 2003, he hosted the weekly health advisory show \"Service: Gesundheit\" ('Service: Health') on Hessischer Rundfunk Television. Since 2004 he has been a weekly contributor to \"Stern: Sprechstunde\" (\"Stern: Consultation Hour\"): his column is called \"Die Etwas Andere Medizinkolumne\" (\"The Somewhat Different Medicine Column\").",
"Since the mid-1990s, von Hirschhausen has performed as a stand-up comedian, show host and magician in variety. He is also a cabaret artist performing his own, and other, cabaret programmes. He was a guest artist in Berlin, in London and at the Cologne Comedy Festival 1997. Hirschhausen was also a member of the panels of contributors to the \"Knoff-Hoff-Show\" on ZDF and \"7 Tage, 7 Köpfe\" ('7 days, 7 heads') on RTL. Since 21 January 2004, he has been answering viewers' questions in his column \"Dr. von Hirschhausen wills wissen\" ('Dr. von Hirschhausen wants to know') in the scientific television show \"W wie Wissen\" ('K for Knowledge') on ARD. In \"Hirschhausens Wissensbisse\" ('Hirschhausen's knowledge-bites') he also presents strange news and facts from the world of scientific research. Hirschhausen is a regular on the cabaret show \"Ottis Schlachthof\" ('Otti's Slaughterhouse') on Bayerisches Fernsehen and \"Quatsch Comedy Club\" on Pro Sieben. In 2007, he was a frequent guest on the ARD show 'Schmidt and Pocher'. He is also a speaker specialising in communication and motivational training.",
"At the end of 2008, he founded a charity foundation 'Humor hilft heilen – für mehr gesundes Lachen im Krankenhaus' ('Humour helps the healing process – for more healthy laughing in hospitals'). Since September 2009, he has co-hosted the successor show of 'Die Tietjen und Dibaba' on NDR with Bettina Tietjen. Von Hirschhausen has developed a cabaret routine similar to that of Ludger Stratmann, also a PhD Medical Doctor and cabaret artist. They both focus on the doctor-patient relationship, while von Hirschhausen specifically points out the inability and unwillingness of professionals in his field to express themselves clearly. He also focuses on the typical routines and rituals which, when separated from the professional environment, appear comical and absurd. Awards. Von Hirschhausen's program \"Filetspitzen\" was awarded the 'Garchinger Kleinkunstpreis' ('Garching Award for minor arts') in 2001. Hirschhausen also won the 'Garchinger Maske' in 2000, the 'Paulaner-Solo Kabarettpreis' in 2003, the 'Jurypreis des Berliner Kleinkunstfestivals' ('Jury's Prize of the Berlin Festival of Minor Arts') and the 'RTL Comedy Cup'. On 14 September 2004, he was awarded the 'St. Ingberter Pfanne', one of the most important German awards for minor arts. Hirschhausen is the current German champion of magic tricks.",
"He was also awarded the 2011 Münchhausen Prize at Bodenwerder. Von Hirschhausen was a supporter of the 'Pro Reli-Kampagne', a campaign to preserve religious education in Berlin's public schools. Berlin's voters, however, decided in a referendum in April 2009 not to keep religious education in their schools. The comedian and doctor Hirschhausen was awarded the title 'Krawattenmann des Jahres 2009' ('Tie-man of the year 2009') on 3 December 2009. He received this honor from the 'Deutsche Mode Institut (DMI/Köln)' ('German Institute for Fashion, Cologne') in Krefeld. In 2012, von Hirschhausen was honored with the IQ Award. Personal life. Von Hirschhausen has been a lifelong resident of Berlin. His brother is the economist Christian von Hirschhausen (born 1964). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German politician\nEckart Peter Hans von Klaeden (born 18 November 1965 in Hanover) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Minister of State at the German Chancellery from 2009 to 2013. Early life and education. Eckart von Klaeden took his \"Abitur\" at the Emperor William Gymnasium in Hanover in 1985, served his military service from 1985 to 1987 and became a \"Korvettenkapitän\" (corvette captain) of the Reserves. He went on to study law at the universities of Würzburg and Göttingen, taking his first state exam in 1993 and his second in 1996. Career. Von Klaeden became a member of the Junge Union in 1983. Between 1992 and 1996, he served on the board of the CDU in Lower Saxony, under the leadership of successive chairmen Josef Stock (1992–94) and Christian Wulff (1994-96). Von Klaeden served as member of the German parliament, the Bundestag, between 1994 and 2013. He was a member of the Committee on Legal Affairs (1994-1998) and of the Committee on the Scrutiny of Elections, Immunity and the Rules of Procedure (2002-2005). Between 2000 and 2005, he also served as First Secretary of the parliamentary group, in this position assisting the parliamentary group's successive chairmen Friedrich Merz (2000-2002) and Angela Merkel (2002-2005). From 2005, he was his parliamentary group's spokesman for foreign policy."
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popqa | 884adc87-8f38-4dc7-b673-94821d318857 | What is Val McLane's occupation? | Val McLane | [
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"British actress\nVal McLane (born Valerie Bradford; 25 February 1943, in Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland) is an English actress, scriptwriter, director and teacher. Her younger brother is actor and musician Jimmy Nail. Early life. She grew up in Walker and Benton. She attended the convent direct grant grammar Sacred Heart Catholic High School, Newcastle upon Tyne in Fenham, where she first saw her husband when aged 16. She gained an English degree from the University of Leeds. She completed a post graduate teaching diploma, whilst vice-president of the student union at Leeds. Career. She taught for six years from 1965 to 1971 at St. Joseph's RC Grammar Technical School. Brendan Foster also taught chemistry there; it was his old school. Six years later she completed a part time Drama in Education course at Durham University. McLane founded the Live Theatre Company in Newcastle in 1973 with director Geoff Gillham. She has appeared in numerous television roles, including \"Brookside\" in 1983 as Maureen Lomax, a friend of regular character, Sheila Grant; \"When the Boat Comes In\", \"Behind the Bike Sheds\", and some Catherine Cookson adaptations for Tyne Tees Television. She appeared as Norma, Dennis' (Tim Healy) sister in the second series of \"Auf Wiedersehen, Pet\". In real life, Val is fellow \"AWP\" star Jimmy Nail's sister. Other television roles include a role as a secretary in \"Our Friends in the North\". Stage roles include Florrie in \"Andy Capp: The Musical\" at the Aldwych Theatre.",
"She usually appears in the biannual benefit concert \"Sunday for Sammy\". She appeared in the films \"Wish You Were Here\" and \"Purely Belter\". She also appeared in Jane Eyre 1997 and Grace Poole. She has edited \"The Prison Plays\" by Tom Hadaway and released \"Women in My Past: A Dramatic Monologue\", an audio book of dramatic monologue in prose, poetry and song. She was drama leader at the University of Sunderland until retiring in 2008. She now teaches the BA Honours Bridging Course at Reid Kerr College on behalf of University of Sunderland. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"McLane is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname McLane.",
"American lawyer and politician (1786–1857)\nLouis McLane (May 28, 1786 – October 7, 1857) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington, in New Castle County, Delaware, and Baltimore, Maryland. He was a veteran of the War of 1812, a member of the Federalist Party and later the Democratic Party. He served as the U.S. representative from Delaware, U.S. senator from Delaware, the tenth U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, the twelfth U.S. Secretary of State, ambassador (Minister Plenipotentiary) to Great Britain, and president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. As a member of President Andrew Jackson's Cabinet, McLane was a prominent figure during the Bank War. McLane pursued a more moderate approach towards the Second Bank of the United States than the President, but agreed with Jackson's decision in 1832 to veto a Congressional bill renewing the Bank's charter. He also helped draft the Force Bill in 1833. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1831. Early life and family. Louis McLane was born in Smyrna, Delaware, on May 28, 1786 to Allan McLane and Rebecca Wells McLane. McLane's father, was a veteran of the American Revolutionary War, appointed by George Washington in 1797 to the lucrative federal position of Customs collector for the Port of Wilmington. As a well-known and fervently loyal Federalist, he received the strong backing of James A. Bayard, enabling him to keep his appointment despite the election of a political opponent, Thomas Jefferson.",
"Allan McLane retained the position for over 30 years, under presidents of both parties, until his death during the administration of Andrew Jackson. Much of his income came from the seizure of contraband. Louis McLane inherited much of this wealth, along with legal issues that lasted well beyond the death of his father. Louis married Catherine Mary (Kitty) Milligan in 1812. Their 13 children included Robert Milligan McLane (1815–1898), a governor of Maryland and U.S. ambassador; Louis McLane (1819–1905), who became a president of Wells Fargo & Co.; and Lydia Milligan Sims McLane (1822–1887), wife of Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston. Education and early career. Louis McLane attended private schools and served as a midshipman on the for one year before he turned 18. He then attended Newark College, later the University of Delaware. He studied law under James A. Bayard, and was admitted to the bar in 1807. He began a practice in Wilmington, Delaware. During the War of 1812, McLane joined the Wilmington Artillery Company, formed for the purpose of defending Wilmington. When Baltimore was threatened, they marched to its defense, but were sent back due to lack of provisions for them in Baltimore. Ultimately, they saw no action, and McLane left the unit with the rank of first lieutenant. Congressional service. Following the War of 1812, Delaware was unique in continuing to have a viable Federalist Party."
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popqa | 5a434341-c21d-49bd-8c01-856f8a45f041 | What is Edwin N. Hubbell's occupation? | Edwin N. Hubbell | [
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"American politician\nEdwin Nelson Hubbell (August 13, 1815 – February 5, 1897) was an American politician in New York and Michigan who served one term in the United States House of Representatives from 1865 to 1867. Biography. Hubbell was born in Coxsackie, Greene County, New York on August 13, 1815, the son of Nathan Hubbell and Edith (Mead) Hubbell. He was educated in Coxsackie and became a farmer and an active member of the Greene County and New York State Agricultural Societies. He was also active in business, including operating a brick making factory and serving on the Board of Trustees of the Coxsackie Savings Bank. Family. He married Catharine Conel (or Conine) in 1836. After her death, in 1868 he married Catharine Elizabeth Stoutenburg Hoffman. Political career. A Democrat, from 1857 to 1860 he served as Coxsackie's Town Supervisor. He was also a member of the Greene County Board of Supervisors, of which he was chairman in 1859. In 1864 he ran successfully for the U.S. House seat representing the 13th congressional district of New York. He served one term, in the 39th Congress (March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867), and was not a candidate for reelection. Later career. In 1876 Hubbell's business failed, and he moved to East Saginaw, Michigan, where he worked as a clerk at a lumber company from 1883 to 1887. He served as Assistant City Treasurer from 1887 to 1890 and Deputy City Treasurer from 1894 to 1896. Death.",
"Hubbell died in Nyack, New York on February 5, 1897. He is buried at Albany Rural Cemetery. His name is sometimes spelled as \"Hubbel.\"",
"American poet (1814–1880)\nEdwin Hubbell Chapin (December 29, 1814 – 1880) was an American preacher and editor of the \"Christian Leader\". He was also a poet, responsible for the poem \"Burial at Sea\", which was the origin of a famous folk song, \"Bury Me Not on the Lone Prairie\". Early years and education. Chapin was born in Union Village, Washington County, New York. He completed his formal education in a seminary at Bennington, Vermont. At the age of twenty-four, after a course of theological study, he was invited to take charge of the pulpit of the Universalist Society of Richmond, Virginia, and was ordained as a pastor in 1838. Two years afterward, he moved to Charlestown, Massachusetts, and in 1840 he accepted the pastorate of the School Street Society, in Boston. In 1848 he settled in New York as pastor of the Church of the Divine Paternity, later the Fourth Universalist Society in the City of New York, when the church was located on Broadway. There he served for over thirty years, drawing crowds of almost 2,000 each Sunday. Under his leadership, a new edifice was erected on the corner of 5th Avenue and 45th Street, and dedicated on the 3rd day of December, 1866. Oratorical works. Chapin became widely known as an orator and author of works including the \"Crown of Thorns\", \"Discourses on the Lord's Prayer\", \"Characters of the Gospel, illustrating phases of the present day\", \"Moral Aspects of City Life\", and \"Humanity in the City\".",
"He spoke at Frankfort-on-the-Main, before the World's Peace Convention in 1850; at the Banquet for Lajos Kossuth; at the Publishers' Association Festival, and at the opening of the New York Crystal Palace. He touched upon ideas of American patriotism in his oration at the New York Crystal Palace on July 4, 1854\nPoetry. He was the author of the poem \"Ocean Burial\", which was put to music by George N. Allen. The song which it became was published widely. It became a sailor's song and also the beginnings for another song, Bury Me Not on the Lone Prairie. He wrote the poem in his youth and it was published in June 1839 in The Universalist Union and September 1839 in Poe's Southern Literary Messenger. Society. He was a trustee of Bellevue Medical College and Hospital, and a member of: the State Historical Society, the beneficent society called the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the prestigious Century Club, composed of \"authors, artists, and amateurs of letters and the fine arts. In 1854 he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Honorary member. Death. He died in Pigeon Cove, a village of Rockport, Massachusetts, survived by two sons, Frederic H. Chapin and Dr. Sidney H. Chapin, and one daughter, Marion Chapin Davison. The Chapin Memorial Church at Oneonta, New York was dedicated to him in 1894.",
"A chasm in the rocky coast near his home in Pigeon Cove is named Chapin's Gully where Chapin often practiced his orations and swam. Recognition. He was one of the chief actors in what was called the \"Broad Church Movement\". Harvard College conferred an honorary D.D. upon Chapin in 1856. Selected works. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "American politician\nEdwin Nelson Hubbell (August 13, 1815 – February 5, 1897) was an American politician in New York and Michigan who served one term in the United States House of Representatives from 1865 to 1867. Biography. Hubbell was born in Coxsackie, Greene County, New York on August 13, 1815, the son of Nathan Hubbell and Edith (Mead) Hubbell. He was educated in Coxsackie and became a farmer and an active member of the Greene County and New York State Agricultural Societies. He was also active in business, including operating a brick making factory and serving on the Board of Trustees of the Coxsackie Savings Bank. Family. He married Catharine Conel (or Conine) in 1836. After her death, in 1868 he married Catharine Elizabeth Stoutenburg Hoffman. Political career. A Democrat, from 1857 to 1860 he served as Coxsackie's Town Supervisor. He was also a member of the Greene County Board of Supervisors, of which he was chairman in 1859. In 1864 he ran successfully for the U.S. House seat representing the 13th congressional district of New York. He served one term, in the 39th Congress (March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867), and was not a candidate for reelection. Later career. In 1876 Hubbell's business failed, and he moved to East Saginaw, Michigan, where he worked as a clerk at a lumber company from 1883 to 1887. He served as Assistant City Treasurer from 1887 to 1890 and Deputy City Treasurer from 1894 to 1896. Death.",
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popqa | 0687ac2a-fed5-48ea-8a00-ae126998736a | What is Mariví Bilbao's occupation? | Mariví Bilbao | [
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"María Victoria Bilbao-Goyoaga Álvarez (22 January 1930 – 3 April 2013) better known by her stage name Mariví Bilbao was a Spanish actress, especially famous for her roles as Marisa Benito in \"Aquí no hay quien viva\" and Izaskun Sagastume in \"La que se avecina\" TV series. Biography. Career. Born in Bilbao in 1930, she soon began acting in theater productions with the group Hispanic Culture of Bilbao (Cultura Hispánica de Bilbao) and with Akelarre, a group which she founded. According to the actress herself, she originally did not act under her own name, instead using the name Angela Valverde: \"Bilbao was a little town. My father would have killed me if my name had appeared in the newspaper.\". She made her cinematic debut in the short films \"The Interrogation of F. Bardají\" (\"La interrogación de F. Bardají\") and Javier Aguirre's 1962 \"Unusual Beach\" (\"Playa insolita\"). She also appeared in \"Irrintzi\" (1978), directed by Mirentxu Txomin Loyarte, and \"Agur\" (1979), directed by Javier Rebollo and Juanma Ortuoste. In 1981, she played a prominent role in \"Seven Streets\" (\"Siete calles\"), directed by Juanma Ortuoste and Javier Rebollo, two filmmakers with whom she has been linked throughout her career.",
"This was her first role in a feature film and from that moment she became one of the most reliable and effective secondary film actresses of Euskadi, where she has focused for almost her entire career. In recognition of her professional career, Basque Actors Association awarded her the \"El Abrazo\" award in 1996 and the newspaper \"El Mundo\" awarded her the \"Séller\" Award in 1997. She gained most of her popularity with her role in the hit series \"Aquí no hay quien viva\" on Antena 3, where she worked for more than three years under Alberto Caballero. In 2007, Telecinco released a new series with the same cast and crew, but with different characters, called \"La que se avecina\". She has worked throughout her career in various programs on ETB (Basque regional television). In 2006, she was elected by popular vote as the holidays herald the Big Week of Bilbao. In March 2007, she attended the 79th Oscar awards, as the short film \"Éramos pocos\" (\"One Too Many\"), directed by Borgia Cobeaga and starring Bilbao opposite Ramón Barea, was nominated for Best Live Action Short Film. This was her second collaboration on a short film by filmmaker Cobeaga; two years earlier, she worked with him on the short film \"La primera vez\" (\"The First Time\"), for which she won the award for best actress at the Orense and Malaga film festivals.",
"She also went to the Venice Film Festival with \"Alumbramiento\" (\"Childbirth\"), directed by Eduardo Chapero-Jackson, which won the Golden Lion for Best European Short at the Official Short. On 14 June 2008 she was awarded the City of Huesca International Award at the Film Festival of Huesca, in recognition of her professional career as an actress. In 2013, she partially retired from television, restricting herself to recording brief announcements. Personal life. Bilbao was also a regular contributor to the multiple sclerosis campaign \"Mójate por la esclerosis múltiple\" held annually in support of those affected by multiple sclerosis in the Basque Country. She married twice—once to the artist and art critic Javier Urquijo (1939–2003). They had a daughter, Elvira, who died on 2 February 2015 in Bilbao at the age of 45. She died at her home in Bilbao on 3 April 2013, aged 83. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Spanish field hockey player\n! colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:#b0c4de;color:inherit;\" | Medal record\nWomen's field hockey\nMaría Victoria \"Mariví\" González Laguillo (born 27 February 1961 in Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal) is a former field hockey player from Spain. She was born in Mexico. She was a member of the Women's National Team that surprisingly won the golden medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics on home soil (Barcelona). She also competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia.",
"Spanish footballer\nMariví Simó Marco is a retired Spanish football defender, who played for Levante UD all her entire career. In July 2016, Mariví received a homage by her one-club career. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 62a6190c-0143-4e60-bb6f-493db96e2422 | What is Dick Rude's occupation? | Dick Rude | [
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"Rude Awakening may refer to:\nOther. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American professional wrestler (1958–1999)\nRichard Erwin Rood (December 7, 1958 – April 20, 1999), better known by his ring name \"Ravishing\" Rick Rude, was an American professional wrestler who performed for many promotions, including World Championship Wrestling (WCW), World Wrestling Federation (WWF), and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). Rude wrestled from 1982 until his 1994 retirement due to injury, with a final match following in 1997. Among other accolades, he was a four-time world champion, a three-time WCW International World Heavyweight Champion, a one-time WCWA World Heavyweight Champion, a one-time WWF Intercontinental Heavyweight Champion, and a one-time WCW United States Heavyweight Champion. Rude also challenged for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship and the NWA World Heavyweight Championship on pay-per-view cards, competing for the former in the main event of SummerSlam in 1990. Following his retirement, Rude managed multiple wrestlers. In late 1997, Rude founded the D-Generation X stable alongside Shawn Michaels, Triple H, and Chyna. On November 17 of that year, in the midst of the Monday Night War, he became the only person to appear on the WWF's \"Raw\" and WCW's \"Monday Nitro\" programs on the same night, as the former was pre-recorded and Rude had left for WCW in the interim. He was posthumously inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2017. Early life. Rude was born in St. Peter, Minnesota to Richard Clyde Rood and Sally Jean Thompson.",
"He attended Robbinsdale High School in Robbinsdale, Minnesota with Tom Zenk, Brady Boone, Nikita Koloff, Curt Hennig, John Nord, and Barry Darsow, all of whom later became professional wrestlers. He was especially close with his childhood friend Curt Hennig. Professional wrestling career. Early career (1982–1984). After graduating from Anoka-Ramsey Community College with a degree in physical education, Rude worked as a bouncer for a short period and later did a small stint as an arm wrestler. He would first become known to the world of professional wrestling at that time. Rude trained as a wrestler under Eddie Sharkey, the same trainer responsible for training other wrestling stars like Bob Backlund, The Road Warriors, Sean Waltman, Austin Aries, and Erick Rowan. He began wrestling in 1982 as Ricky Rood, a babyface jobber. Rude lost his TV debut against Jos LeDuc on the November 6, 1982 episode of Mid Atlantic Championship Wrestling. He started with Vancouver's before moving on to compete for Georgia Championship Wrestling (GCW) and later the Memphis-based Continental Wrestling Association (CWA). Rude debuted on the May 28, 1983 episode of \"World Championship Wrestling\", defeating Pat Rose with a dropkick. Gordon Solie interviewed Rude the following week, with Rude discussing transitioning from arm wrestling to pro wrestling and dropping weight to increase speed. He returned to Memphis in 1984, this time as \"Ravishing\" Rick Rude, an overconfident, arrogant heel managed by Jimmy Hart.",
"Rude feuded with Jerry Lawler and later his former partner, King Kong Bundy. He later debuted in WCCW in a match against Kamala that he lost, and then went on to (NWA) affiliate Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) where he and a variety of tag team partners feuded with The Road Warriors. Championship Wrestling from Florida (1984–1985). Rude was hired by Championship Wrestling from Florida (CWF) in December 1984, where he was managed by Percy Pringle. He defeated Pez Whatley for the NWA Florida Southern Heavyweight Championship on January 16, 1985, and lost it to Brian Blair on April 10, 1985. He captured the championship again on July 20, 1985, when he defeated Mike Graham in the finals of a Southern title tournament. He held the belt until October 2 of that year when he dropped it to Wahoo McDaniel, who was booking Florida during this time. While teaming with Jesse Barr, he won the NWA Florida United States Tag Team Championship on April 16, 1985, and feuded with Billy Jack Haynes and Wahoo McDaniel over the belts, losing the straps to McDaniel and Haynes on July 9, 1985. World Class Championship Wrestling (1985–1986). Debuting on October 18, 1985, Rude jumped to World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW) along with Pringle, where he feuded with Kevin Von Erich and Chris Adams. During his time in WCCW, Rude captured the NWA American Heavyweight Championship on November 4, 1985."
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popqa | f9bf75eb-decf-4344-817d-8b145bd2cbf1 | What is Harding of Bristol's occupation? | Harding of Bristol | [
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"Harding of Bristol or Harding Fitz Eadnoth (c. 1048 – c. 1125) was sheriff reeve of Bristol, with responsibility for managing a manorial estate and perhaps similar duties to those of a magistrate. He was the son of Eadnoth the Constable, an Anglo-Saxon thane who served as steward to Edward the Confessor and Harold II. He was the father of Robert Fitzharding who became lord of Berkeley, Gloucestershire. His wife Livida supposedly died at the manor of Whetonhurst, Blacklow Hundred, Gloucestershire, England in 1101. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Harding may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"City and county in England\nBristol () is a city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, the most populous city in the region. Built around the River Avon, it is bordered by the ceremonial counties of Gloucestershire to the north and Somerset to the south. The county is in the West of England combined authority area, which includes the Greater Bristol area (eleventh most populous urban area in the United Kingdom) and nearby places such as Bath. Iron Age hillforts and Roman villas were built near the confluence of the rivers Frome and Avon. Bristol received a royal charter in 1155 and was historically divided between Gloucestershire and Somerset until 1373 when it became a county corporate. From the 13th to the 18th century, Bristol was among the top three English cities, after London, in tax receipts. A major port, Bristol was a starting place for early voyages of exploration to the New World. At the height of the Bristol slave trade, from 1700 to 1807, more than 2,000 slave ships carried an estimated 500,000 people from Africa to slavery in the Americas. The Port of Bristol has since moved from Bristol Harbour in the city centre to the Severn Estuary at Avonmouth and Royal Portbury Dock. The city's modern economy is built on the creative media, electronics and aerospace industries; the city-centre docks have been redeveloped as cultural and heritage centres. There are a variety of artistic and sporting organisations and venues including the Royal West of England Academy, the Arnolfini, Ashton Gate and the Memorial Stadium.",
"The city has two universities; the University of Bristol and the University of the West of England (UWE Bristol). It is connected to the world by Bristol Airport; to the rest of the Great Britain via Bristol Temple Meads and Bristol Parkway mainline rail stations; by road by both the south-west to West Midlands M5 and the London to South Wales M4 (which connect to the city centre by the Portway and M32). Bristol was named the best city in Britain in which to live in 2014 and 2017; it won the European Green Capital Award in 2015. Toponymy. Early recorded place names in the Bristol area include the Roman-era British Celtic \"Abona\" (derived from the name of the Avon) and the archaic Welsh ('fort on the chasm'), which may have been calqued as the modern English \"Clifton\". The current name \"Bristol\" derives from the Old English form , typically etymologised as 'place at the bridge'; \"the place called Bridge by the place called Stow\" has also been suggested, the Stow in question referring to an early religious meeting place at what is now College Green. However, other derivations have been proposed. The form prevailed until 1204, and the \"Bristolian 'L\"' (the tendency for the local dialect to add the sound \"L\" to many words ending in a neutral vowel) is what eventually changed the name to \"Bristol\". The original form of the name survives as the surname Bristow, which is derived from the city. History.",
"Archaeological finds, including flint tools believed to be between 300,000 and 126,000years old made with the Levallois technique, indicate the presence of Neanderthals in the Shirehampton and St Annes areas of Bristol during the Middle Palaeolithic. Iron Age hill forts near the city are at Leigh Woods and Clifton Down, on the side of the Avon Gorge, and on Kings Weston Hill near Henbury. A Roman settlement, Abona, existed at what is now Sea Mills (connected to Bath by a Roman road); another was at the present-day Inns Court. Isolated Roman villas and small forts and settlements were also scattered throughout the area. Middle Ages. Bristol was founded by 1000; by about 1020, it was a trading centre with a mint producing silver pennies bearing its name. By 1067, Brycgstow was a well-fortified \"burh\", and that year the townsmen beat back a raiding party from Ireland led by three of Harold Godwinson's sons. Under Norman rule, the town had one of the strongest castles in southern England. Bristol was the place of exile for Diarmait Mac Murchada, the Irish king of Leinster, after being overthrown. The Bristol merchants subsequently played a prominent role in funding Richard Strongbow de Clare and the Norman invasion of Ireland. The port developed in the 11th century around the confluence of the Rivers Frome and Avon, adjacent to Bristol Bridge just outside the town walls."
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"doc_chunk": "Harding of Bristol or Harding Fitz Eadnoth (c. 1048 – c. 1125) was sheriff reeve of Bristol, with responsibility for managing a manorial estate and perhaps similar duties to those of a magistrate. He was the son of Eadnoth the Constable, an Anglo-Saxon thane who served as steward to Edward the Confessor and Harold II. He was the father of Robert Fitzharding who became lord of Berkeley, Gloucestershire. His wife Livida supposedly died at the manor of Whetonhurst, Blacklow Hundred, Gloucestershire, England in 1101. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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"Norwegian politician and women's rights activist, editor (1847–1916)\nJørgine Anna Sverdrup \"Gina\" Krog (20 June 1847 – 14 April 1916) was a Norwegian suffragist, teacher, liberal politician, writer and editor, and a major figure in liberal feminism in Scandinavia. She played a central role in the Norwegian liberal women's rights movement from the 1880s until her death, notably as a leading campaigner for women's right to vote. In 1884, Krog co-founded the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights with liberal MP Hagbart Berner. Over the next two decades, Krog co-founded the Women's Voting Association, the National Association for Women's Suffrage, and the Norwegian National Women's Council, spearheading the presentation of women's suffrage proposals to the Storting (the Norwegian parliament). Krog wrote articles and gave speeches, travelling throughout Europe and North America to attend international women's rights conferences. She was editor of the Norwegian feminist periodical \"Nylænde (New Land)\" from 1887 until her death in 1916. She was an early member of the Liberal Party and served as a deputy member of its national board. Krog was strongly inspired by the American liberal women's rights movement spearheaded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Krog was regarded as an unapologetic liberal progressive during her time, seeking full and equal voting rights for all women on the same conditions as men.",
"In the 19th century these views brought Krog into conflict with more moderate members of the Norwegian women's movement, many of whom argued for narrower approaches, focusing first on enfranchising privileged women; before 1900 only men of certain means and position had the right to vote as well. In 1910, the Storting granted universal voting rights to women for municipal elections, extending this to general elections in 1913. Krog was the first woman in Norway to receive a state funeral. Since 2009, the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights has awarded the biennial Gina Krog Prize for feminist advocates. Early life. Jørgine Anna Sverdrup \"Gina\" Krog was born on 20 June 1847 in Flakstad Municipality, Lofoten as the daughter of parish priest Jørgen Sverdrup Krog (1805–1847) and Ingeborg Anna Dass Brinchmann (1814–1872). Gina Krog's brother was barrister Fredrik Arentz Krog. After her father's early death, Krog lived with her mother in Karmøy Municipality until she was eight years old, and then moved to Christiania. In Christiania, she attended a school for girls. As a young adult, she worked as a teacher in private schools for several years, continuing to improve her knowledge of languages and literature through self-study. Through her brother, she became the aunt of writer Helge Krog and the sister-in-law of feminist Cecilie Thoresen Krog.",
"Krog was among the first women to go hiking in the mountains of Jotunheimen, which gave her a reputation as a \"mountaineer\". She never married. Suffrage work. In 1880, Krog gave up her teaching career permanently in order to advocate for women's rights. She travelled to Great Britain, where she stayed at Bedford College and made contacts within the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies, including its leader Millicent Garrett Fawcett. While in Britain, Krog wrote articles and sent them back to Norwegian newspapers, at first using pseudonyms. Her experiences with the British suffrage movement helped develop her own feminist views. In contrast to more moderate feminists of the time – who focused on more generally improving the economic conditions of women – Krog's views were considered radical: a demand for full political rights for women. Her goal was the achievement of women's suffrage in conditions equal with men, without compromise. In her arguments, Krog emphasized the common human qualities shared by men and women, reasoning that anyone who paid taxes and accepted civic responsibilities should receive the same freedoms and political status. Although some suffragists preferred to focus on gender differences, claiming women had special feminine qualities that made them deserving of the vote, Krog avoided using this rhetoric. Upon returning to Norway, in 1883 Krog became a founding member of the first Norwegian women's business club. The following year, she was one of the first Norwegian women to engage in a public debate, tackling women's rights in a three-day debate organized by students.",
"In 1884, Krog co-founded the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights () together with its first chairman Hagbard Emanuel Berner. The association initially attracted 220 members, both women and men, and was based out of Kristiania. It was decided that the association would focus on supporting women's education, work benefits and marriage rights. When Berner drafted the association's mission statement, he declared a neutral purpose of aiming \"to provide the woman with her right and place in society\". Many association members shared the view that women's suffrage should not be considered a priority, since Norwegian women \"had not shown sufficient interest in participating in politics\". Krog, however, wanted the association to pursue equal voting rights for men and women, and her position brought her into direct conflict with Berner. In 1884, Krog wrote a series of articles for the magazine \"Nyt Tidsskrift\", entitled \"Some Words on the Development of Women's Affairs and Nearest Tasks in Our Country\", urging women to take on more leadership roles in support of women's rights. The following year, when Krog gave a talk entitled \"Voting for Women\", Berner resigned as chairman in protest. Despite her disagreements about the association's direction, Krog edited its periodical \"Nylænde (New Land)\" from its start in 1887 until her death in 1916. In December 1885, Krog co-founded the Women's Voting Association () alongside nine other women from the Association for Women's Rights.",
"Her co-founders included Ragna Nielsen, Anne Holsen and Anna Rogstad. Krog was leader of the association from 1885 to 1897. She had been inspired by reading \"The History of Woman Suffrage\", a set of historical volumes sent by American women's rights activist Susan B. Anthony. The Women's Voting Association was open only to women members, with the philosophy that women should be responsible for achieving their own political equality. Despite the Women's Voting Association's efforts, however, their initial suffrage proposals were unsuccessful. In 1886, the association submitted the first Norwegian proposal for women's suffrage to the Storting (the Norwegian Parliament), but the proposal was rejected by lawmakers in 1890, defeated by 114 to 44 votes. In response, Women's Voting Association members decided to adjust their goals and fight only for local municipal voting rights instead—an idea proposed by Berner. Krog refused to agree to this strategy. In 1893, a new women's suffrage proposal was submitted to the Storting, and although it received support from more than 50 percent of parliament members, it did not reach the necessary two-thirds support it needed to create constitutional change. Women's suffrage in Norway had formerly benefited from strong support from the Liberal Party. During the 1890s, however, many liberal politicians had withdrawn from the cause, expressing fears that women with the vote would naturally gravitate towards supporting conservative candidates."
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"Czech astronomer\nPetr Pravec (born September 17, 1967) is a Czech astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets, born in Třinec, Czech Republic. Pravec is a prolific discoverer of binary asteroids, expert in photometric observations and rotational lightcurves at Ondřejov Observatory. He is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery and co-discovery of 350 numbered minor planets, and is leading the effort of a large consortium of stations called \"BinAst\" to look for multiplicity in the near-Earth objects and inner main-belt populations. He is a member of the \"Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic\". The main-belt asteroid 4790 Petrpravec, discovered by Eleanor Helin in 1988, is named after him. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 June 1997 (M.P.C. 30095). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Czech ice hockey player\nPetr Nedvěd (born December 9, 1971) is a Czech-Canadian former professional ice hockey player who spent 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1990 and 2007. Early career. Nedvěd was born in Liberec, Czechoslovakia to Jaroslav and Soňa (\"Sonia\") Nedvěd. He left Czechoslovakia as a refugee on January 2, 1989, at the age of 17 after playing in an international midget tournament in Calgary. Nedvěd was the star of the tournament, with 17 goals and nine assists. He decided to defect to Canada because of the limited opportunities in Czechoslovakia under communist rule, which was very strict regarding athletes leaving the country to pursue professional careers elsewhere. He did not tell his parents about the decision, and with $20 and the help of another Czech who defected, whom Nedvěd refuses to identify even today, he declared his defection at a Calgary police station. In an interview in the \"Newark Star Ledger\", Nedvěd said that the \"fear of regret\" was the overriding reason to defect. For ten months until the fall of communism in Czechoslovakia in the Velvet Revolution, Nedvěd's parents were forced to make calls imploring Nedvěd to come home. Playing career. After his defection, Nedvěd played one season for the Seattle Thunderbirds of the Western Hockey League and was drafted second overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 1990 NHL Entry Draft after scoring 145 points in 71 games. Expected to be an instant star in the NHL, his first two seasons were a disappointment, as he struggled offensively and earned a reputation for soft play.",
"In 1992–93, he finished with 38 goals and 71 points including a club record 15-game point-scoring streak. Despite this, though, he struggled in the playoffs and earned the ire of Canucks fans when he asked his idol Wayne Gretzky for a game stick immediately following the team's ouster from the playoffs by the Los Angeles Kings, an action fans felt symbolized the lack of commitment to winning from a player who scored just three goals in 28 playoff games as a Canucks player. Prior to the 1993–94 season, Nedvěd became involved in a bitter contract dispute with the Canucks which resulted in a lengthy holdout. While holding out, Nedvěd obtained his Canadian citizenship, and represented Canada at the 1994 Winter Olympics, winning a silver medal. His situation was finally resolved just before the NHL trade deadline, when he was signed by the St. Louis Blues, with Craig Janney ultimately awarded to the Canucks as compensation (and then dealt back to the Blues shortly after for Jeff Brown, Bret Hedican and Nathan LaFayette). Nedvěd scored 20 points in 19 games, but again struggled in the playoffs as the Blues were swept in the first round. Nedvěd's stay in St. Louis would prove a short one, as he was dealt to the New York Rangers for the lockout-shortened 1994–95 season. He finished the year with 23 points in 46 games. For the 1995–96 season, Nedvěd was on the move again, this time dealt to the Pittsburgh Penguins in a blockbuster trade."
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"Scottish physician and surgeon\nLewis Ashenheim (c. 1817 – 26 November 1858) was a Scottish physician and surgeon. Biography. Lewis Ashenheim was born in Edinburgh to Jacob Ashenheim, a Dutch-born Jewish jeweller. He studied at the Universities of Edinburgh and St Andrews, graduating from the latter in 1839. He afterwards became a licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. Ashenheim subsequently visited Paris, Berlin, and other European cities, acquiring professional experience. He practised for some time in London, lecturing frequently and being an active contributor to the Anglo-Jewish press. He immigrated to Jamaica in 1843 and settled in Kingston, where he practised till 1850, when he moved to Falmouth, a port on the north coast of Jamaica. In addition to his practise, and lectures more or less connected with his profession, he addressed the public, through the press, on sanitary reform and on compulsory vaccination, of which he was an able advocate. He edited the Jewish monthly \"Bikkure Hayam: The First Fruits of the West\" and the newspaper \"Daily Gleaner\". At Falmouth he rendered valuable services during an outbreak of cholera. References. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: \n<templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English football director (1949–2015)\nNeville Neville (26 September 1949 – 7 August 2015) was a British league cricketer, football agent and director. His sons are the former professional association football players Gary Neville and Phil Neville and his daughter is the professional netball player and coach Tracey Neville. Cricket career. Neville played cricket for Greenmount Cricket Club in the Bolton Cricket League during the 1980s. His daughter Tracey cites this as her earliest sporting memory. Family. Neville and his wife, Jill, the one-time general manager and Club Secretary of English Football League club Bury, had three children: Gary and twins Tracey and Phil. Neville was the agent for his two sons. The elder Neville represented the two younger Nevilles during contract talks with their respective clubs. When his eldest son Gary decided to postpone any testimonial match until his playing career was over, Neville stated that \"In this day and age when players earn such fantastic amounts of money we think it would be better to create some kind of facility for the supporters.\" Football and charity work. Neville was a director of club Bury of the English Football League. He was the spearhead and vice-chairman of the \"Save our Shakers\" appeal which was a bid to give financial assistance to the struggling football club after it had gone into administration. The campaign was \"brilliantly orchestrated\" by Neville and he was praised for tirelessly organising supporters groups, giving media interviews and working closely with the administrators to arrange a deal to secure the club's safety. In November 2015, the main stand at Gigg Lane was posthumously named after him as a tribute to his contributions as club director.",
"Name. Neville achieved something of a cult status among football fans because of his unusual name. His name is part of what has been called \"one of the best chants in football\":\n<templatestyles src=\"Col-begin/styles.css\"/>\nArrest. On 26 March 2013, Neville was arrested by Greater Manchester Police on suspicion of indecent assault. He was released on bail until May of that year, pending further inquiries. He was found not guilty on 19 December 2013. Death. Neville died on 7 August 2015 in Sydney at the age of 65, following a heart attack. He took ill while in Australia to support his daughter Tracey, England's netball coach, during the World Cup. Manchester United players wore black armbands during their game against Tottenham Hotspur on 8 August 2015 while the England netball team observed a minute's silence prior to their Third Place match, which they won. Neville's funeral took place on 27 August 2015 in Bury. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Fifteenth-century feud within an English noble family\nThe Neville–Neville feud was an inheritance dispute in the north of England during the early fifteenth century between two branches of the noble Neville family. The inheritance in question was that of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, a prominent northern nobleman who had issue from two marriages. Westmorland favoured as his heirs the children of his second wife, Joan Beaufort, closely related to the royal family, over those of his first wife, Margaret Stafford. After Ralph Neville's death in 1425, many of the Neville family holdings were transferred through legal means to the children of Joan Beaufort (the Middleham cadet branch of the Neville family), in effect disinheriting the senior branch (the Nevilles of Raby). This led to more than a decade of rivalry between both branches of the family. Ralph Neville's eldest son, John Neville, had died before his father. John Neville's son, also named Ralph, became the 2nd earl of Westmorland. Though the title earl of Westmorland passed to the senior Nevilles, for legal reasons, many holdings, particularly those of the Neville patrimony in Yorkshire and Raby Castle in Durham were transferred to Joan and her children. The Beaufort Nevilles were also able to consolidate their control over the County Palatine of Durham after Robert Neville assumed the office of Bishop of Durham in 1437. The senior branch disputed their disinheritance — both legally and by force of arms — but Joan Beaufort's eldest son, Richard Neville, prevailed due to his family's greater political connections."
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popqa | ec959bcf-9ced-489e-b3b4-f5f7498cfd46 | What is Lorena Corona Valdés's occupation? | Lorena Corona Valdés | [
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"Mexican politician\nLorena Corona Valdés (born 16 December 1972) is a Mexican politician from the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico. She serves as a federal deputy to the LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Durango and the first electoral region. Life. Corona received her law degree from the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) in 1997 and worked primarily as a communications lawyer. Between 2001 and 2006, she was the legal director of Televisa Radio (Sistema Radiópolis, S.A. de C.V.); during this time, she obtained graduate degrees in intellectual property law and in operating broadcasting companies, and she was also named by Vicente Fox to serve on the Federal Telecommunications Commission. After she left Televisa Radio, she worked at Ecija Abogados from 2006 to 2007 and at Legal Media Advisers from 2007 to 2008. From 2009 to 2012, Corona spent her first term in the Chamber of Deputies for the LXI Legislature, where she sat on the Public Education and Educational Services Commission as well as those dealing with Government and National Defense. She returned to the chamber in 2015, again as a proportional representation deputy; she sits on the Economy, Constitutional Points, and Culture and Film Commissions. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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"Corona (from the Latin for 'crown') most commonly refers to:\nCorona may also refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Mexican singer and actress\nCelia Lorena Herrera de la Vega (born in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico), known professionally as Lorena Herrera, is a Mexican singer and actress. Biography. Lorena moved with her family to Mexico City, where she began a career as a fashion model. She became highly successful in Mexico, and gained an international reputation, posing for advertisements in Mexico and South America. As a model, she won the \"Look of the Year\" contest, awarded in Mexico. Lorena then began working in Mexico's low-budget films. She has been involved in more than seventy-five films since she began her career as an actress in soap operas. She also has created six music albums, of which five are studio albums, and one is an album of remixes named \"Soy (Remix)\", released in 1997. For her work in the motion picture and recording industries as well as television, Herrera's handprints were embedded onto the \"Paseo de las Luminarias\" in 2012. Soap opera. Lorena Herrera met producer Emilio Larrosa, who had Televisa connections. Larrosa gave her a chance to star in his telenovela production \"Muchachitas\"\" (\"Young Girls\"), which was a huge hit across Latin America. She was then hired to participate in the mega-hit telenovela \"Dos Mujeres, un Camino\", where she played the mistress of a villain. Herrera has since acted in many other telenovelas, including \"El Premio Mayor\".",
"She is also a singer, having released various Mexican music CDs and toured Mexico and the United States. She has been approached by \"Playboy Mexico\" to pose nude for that magazine (she appeared in the Mexican \"Playboy\" in the December 1987 issue, under the name \"Bárbara Ferrat\"). She has also released various calendars in which she assumed sensual poses, and she posed naked for \"Playboy\" again in March 2011 at 44 years of age. On the Univision show \"El Gordo y la Flaca\", Lorena shared a bathtub with \"El Gordo\", Raul De Molina. She worked as the evil stepmother of Lola (Monserrat) in \"Lola...Erase Una Vez\". She is the mother of Grettell Valdez which interprets Carlota in Lola and she is also the mother of Zoraida Gomez in the soap opera \"Lola\". She has said that she likes singing, but acting is her favorite activity. She has worked with Carla Estrada, Emilio Larosa, Pedro Damian and other producers. She said recently on the \"Mentiras y Verdades\" show that she did not like to make novelas with Emilio Larrosa after \"El Premio Mayor\" told her that her part was going to be the antagonist. Filmography. seasons 1 lead\nSeason 2 lead\nDiscography."
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"doc_chunk": "Mexican politician\nLorena Corona Valdés (born 16 December 1972) is a Mexican politician from the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico. She serves as a federal deputy to the LXIII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Durango and the first electoral region. Life. Corona received her law degree from the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) in 1997 and worked primarily as a communications lawyer. Between 2001 and 2006, she was the legal director of Televisa Radio (Sistema Radiópolis, S.A. de C.V.); during this time, she obtained graduate degrees in intellectual property law and in operating broadcasting companies, and she was also named by Vicente Fox to serve on the Federal Telecommunications Commission. After she left Televisa Radio, she worked at Ecija Abogados from 2006 to 2007 and at Legal Media Advisers from 2007 to 2008. From 2009 to 2012, Corona spent her first term in the Chamber of Deputies for the LXI Legislature, where she sat on the Public Education and Educational Services Commission as well as those dealing with Government and National Defense. She returned to the chamber in 2015, again as a proportional representation deputy; she sits on the Economy, Constitutional Points, and Culture and Film Commissions. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 23f2d026-9a4a-4d54-b0e8-436db2f130e3 | What is Honor Harger's occupation? | Honor Harger | [
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"New Zealand artist (born 1975)\nHonor Harger (born 1975 in Dunedin) is a curator and artist from New Zealand. Harger has a particular interest in artistic uses of new technologies. She is currently the executive director of the ArtScience Museum in Singapore. Harger was included in The Guardian's 'The Hospital Club 100 list' for 2013, which lists innovative and influential people in the creative industries. Career. Early career. In the mid-1990s, while based in New Zealand, Honor edited the artistic publication, SPeC; co-founded sound art collective Relay, worked with student radio station, Radio One and with the art gallery, Artspace (New Zealand). In 1997, she relocated to Australia to work with the Australian Network for Art and Technology, before relocating to Europe in 1999 and then Singapore in 2014.\nr a d i o q u a l i a.\nHarger is one of the co-founders (with Adam Hyde in 1998) of r a d i o q u a l i a, a group which explores how broadcasting technologies can create new artistic forms and how audio can be used to illuminate abstract ideas and processes. They have exhibited at museums, galleries and festivals, including: NTT ICC, Tokyo; New Museum, New York; Gallery 9, Walker Art Center, USA; Sónar, Barcelona; FACT centre in Liverpool; Ars Electronica, Linz, Austria; Experimental Art Foundation, Australia; Maison Européenne de la Photographie, Paris; and the Physics Room, New Zealand.",
"One of the collective's main projects is \"Radio Astronomy,\" an art and science project which broadcasts sounds intercepted from space live on the internet and on the airwaves. The project is achieved in collaboration with radio telescopes around the world. The signal from objects observed by these partner telescopes is converted into audio and then broadcast. \"Radio Astronomy\" has three parts: a sound installation, a live on-air radio transmission, and a live online radio broadcast. Depending on what is being observed by the telescopes, examples of what listeners may hear includes radiation from the Sun, or the planet Jupiter and its interaction with its moons. The first exhibition of Radio Astronomy was at ISEA2004, Helsinki, August 2004. The second exhibition was at the Ars Electronica festival of art and technology in Linz, Austria, in September 2004. AV Festival. From 2004 to 2008, Honor Harger was the artistic director of the AV Festival an international festival of electronic art, that features new media art, film, music, and games. The bi-annual festival takes place in the cities of Newcastle/Gateshead, Sunderland and Middlesbrough in the North East of England. Lighthouse. Harger was the director of Lighthouse from 2010 to 2014. Lighthouse is a leading arts agency in Brighton, England supporting, commissioning and showcasing new work by artists and filmmakers. During her four-year tenure, Lighthouse presented shows from artists such as Trevor Paglen, David Blandy and Timo Arnall and commissioned new work from James Bridle, Semiconductor and The Otolith Group. ArtScience Museum.",
"In February 2014, Harger became Executive Director of the ArtScience Museum in Singapore. One of her key aims has been to clearly define the museum's identity, as an institution that explores the intersection and unity of art and science. Programs launched under Harger's directorship include ArtScience Late, a monthly evening program featuring specially commissioned live performance by artists and technologists from varying backgrounds. Exhibitions include 'Da Vinci: Shaping the Future'. This exhibition presented selected works by Leonardo da Vinci for the first time in Southeast Asia. It also included five contemporary art installations, including three new commissions, exploring how Leonardo's ideas continue to resonate with artists today. Curation. After relocating to Europe in 1999, Harger undertook projects with the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation in Germany, the publishing house Arkzin in Croatia, and the Kiasma contemporary art museum in Finland. From 2000 to 2003, she worked for Tate Modern in London as the Webcasting Curator within Tate's Digital Programmes department and has also produced events and concerts for the Interpretation and Education department at Tate Modern. She has worked as a freelance curator on exhibitions and events, including art.net.uk/now for the British Council in India in 2002 and Dots and Lines for the BBC and Sonic Arts Network in 2005. Harger was the guest curator for the Transmediale festival in Berlin in 2010. Writing. From 2008 to 2014 Harger wrote the blog Particle Decelerator with news of science, art and technology, placing a special emphasis on the collision between the quantum and the cosmological. Appearances.",
"Honor Harger has lectured extensively and spoken publicly on her work in a variety of forums. Some of these include:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Harger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname ."
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popqa | 4ad5a7dc-1f68-4a40-8647-cd2072befa82 | What is Clement Baker's occupation? | Clement Baker | [
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"English politician\nClement Baker (by 1470 – 1516), of New Romney, Kent, was an English politician. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for New Romney in 1512 and 1515, and was chamberlain, commissioner of subsidy, and jurat of the town. He was also bailiff to Yarmouth. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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"Person who bakes and optionally sells bread products\nA baker is a tradesperson who bakes and sometimes sells breads and other products made of flour by using an oven or other concentrated heat source. The place where a baker works is called a bakery. History. Ancient history. Since grains have been a staple food for millennia, the activity of baking is a very old one. Control of yeast, however, is relatively recent. By the fifth and sixth centuries BCE, the ancient Greeks used enclosed ovens heated by wood fires; communities usually baked bread in a large communal oven. Greeks baked dozens and possibly hundreds of types of bread; Athenaeus described seventy-two varieties. In ancient Rome several centuries later, the first mass production of breads occurred, and \"the baking profession can be said to have started at that time.\" Ancient Roman bakers used honey and oil in their products, creating pastries rather than breads. In ancient Rome, bakers (Latin, \"pistor\") were sometimes slaves, who were (like other slave-artisans) sometimes manumitted. Large households in Rome normally had their own bakers. During those times, most of the people used to bake their own bread but bakeries (pistrina) were popular all over the town. The Gauls are credited with discovering that the addition of beer froth to bread dough made well-leavened bread, marking the use of controlled yeast for bread dough. Medieval Europe. In Medieval Europe, baking ovens were often separated from other buildings (and sometimes located outside city walls) to mitigate the risk of fire.",
"Because bread was an important staple food, bakers' production factors (such as bolting yields, ingredients, and loaf sizes) were heavily regulated. For example, Henry III of England promulgated the Assize of Bread and Ale in 1267, subjecting all commercial bakers and brewers to various fees in order to practice their trade and imposing various regulations, such as inspection and verification of weights and measures, quality control, and price controls. Soon after the enactment of the Assize, \"baking became a very stable industry, and was executed much more professionally than brewing, resulting in towns and villages having fewer bakers than brewers.\" Because ovens were expensive capital investments and required careful operation, specialized bakeries opened. Bakers were often part of the guild system, which was well-established by the sixteenth century: master bakers instructed apprentices and were assisted by journeymen. In Amsterdam in 1694, for example, the cake-bakers, pie-bakers, and rusk-bakers separated from an earlier Bread Bakers Guild and formed their own guild, regulating the trade. A fraternity of bakers in London existed as early as 1155, according to records of payments to the Exchequer; the Worshipful Company of Bakers was formed by charters dated 1486, 1569, and 1685. The guild still exists today, with mostly ceremonial and charitable functions. Five bakers have served as lord mayor of London. A group of bakers is called a \"tabernacle\". Ming dynasty China. In Ming dynasty China, bakers were divided into different social statuses according to their customers.",
"Bakers were among the thousands of servants who served in the Ming Palace, including recruited cooks, imperial eunuchs, and trained serving-women (\"Shangshiju\"). Bakers often joined the occupation through apprenticeship, or by being born into a family of bakers. In addition to the secular aspect of baking, Ming bakers also were responsible for providing pastries for use in various rituals, festivals and ceremonies, such as zongzi. In \"Shi Fu Meets a Friend at Tanque\" buns were provided for the construction ceremony. Within bakeries, traditional patriarchal hierarchy controlled. For the family-owned bakery, the eldest male figure (usually the father) in the highest position of the hierarchy. For example, in Feng Menglong's story, when Mr. Bo went out looking for the family's lost silver, his wife was ordered to take care of the bakery. Ming fiction and art records examples of various bakers; for example, in Feng Menglong's story, the Bo couple owns a bakery to sell the cakes and snacks while in \"Water Margin\", the character Wu Dalang does not have a settled store and sells pancakes on the shoulder pole along the street The Ming-era painter Qiu Ying's work \"Along the River During the Qingming Festival\" shows food stores alongside the street and peddlers who are selling food along the streets. The Ming work \"Ming Dai Tong Su Ri Yong Lei Shu\", which records techniques and items needed in Ming daily life, devotes a full chapter to culinary skills, including the preparation of pancakes and other types of cakes."
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popqa | 05c2e5a4-28c6-42db-833d-e08b890cf49a | What is Alleppey Vincent's occupation? | Alleppey Vincent | [
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"Indian film actor in Malayalam cinema\nAlleppey Vincent was an Indian actor in Malayalam cinema. He acted in \"Balan\" (1938), the first talkie made in Malayalam. He is the brother of Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar. Biography. Vincent was born to Pollayil Vincent and Margarita as the youngest child, in Ambalappuzha taluk of Alappuzha district in the Indian state of Kerala. He is the younger brother of Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar. Both of them had associated with the initial stages of Malayalam cinema. He acted in the first talkie ever made in Malayalam Balan in 1938, as character Shanku. When the proposed heroine, Kunjamma, of the movie Balan eloped with Sundaram Pillai the assistant director of the movie, he brought the new heroine M. K. Kamalam who was then working as a drama artist at Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar drama troupe and introduced her to director of Balan. Vincent was the first person to record his voice in a Malayalam cinema. His words were first recorded words. He uttered the word 'Good Luck everyone' and it gained him name as first speaking person of Malayalam cinema. In the second Malayalam talkie 'Jnanambika' both Alleppey Vincent and Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar acted.",
"Vincent acted in the film 'Oral Koody Kallanayi' in 1964 with Prem Nazir, S. P. Pillai, T. S. Muthaiah and in 1974 for the film 'Kamini' with Raghavan, Rani Chandra, Kuthiravattam Pappu, Bahadoor etc. Alleppey Vincent was lucky to act with M. G. R. in the Malayalam film 'Genova' in the year\n1953. It is the only Malayalam film M. G. R. ever acted. He together with late T. V. Thomas, Communist leader and minister in the first EMS ministry, had started a film production company, \"Udaya Pictures\", which Kunchacko took over and renamed as Udaya Studio. Vincent even acted in the first film that rolled out from here, Vellinakshtram. They also worked behind \"Ajantha Studio,\" Aluva. Vincent was first president of \"The Kerala Cooperative Cine Society Limited\", Alwaye. Sebastian Paul, former Member of Parliament, who has written a biography of him titled Alleppey Vincent: \"Malayala Cinemayude Snapakan\". Vincent was having his own drama troupe based at Alapuzha and have presented\nseveral successful plays for a long period. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Indian film director\nAlleppey Ashraf is an Indian film director, producer and distributor working mainly in Malayalam cinema. He started his career as an impressionist and later a dubbing artist. He is considered as an inspiration for many in mimicry art. He has also directed several films even though he was never a busy director. Filmography. Director. His filmography includes:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Indian composer (1949–2022)\nAlleppey Ranganath (; 9 March 1949 – 16 January 2022) was an Indian composer, lyricist, film director and screenwriter. Early life. Ranganath was born on 09 March 1949 in Alappuzha as the eldest son of Vezhapra Kunjukunju Bhagavathar and \"Gana Bhushanam\" M. G. Devammal, both musicians. He wrote and composed music for a play by the Kanjirapally People's Arts Club at the age of 19. Ranganath learned his first lessons in music from his father. As his father believed that an artist must master all forms, Ranganath learned classical music and Bharatanatyam as well. Till the age of 14 he lived at Vellakkinar near Alappuzha (then Alleppey). He attached the place name to his name thus became Alleppey Ranganath. Career. In 1968, Ranganath moved to his uncle's house at Ponkunnam to learn for the \"Malayalam Vidwan\" title. It was there he first introduced to dramas. His two songs in the play \"Kanaljaalam\" for People's Arts Club, Kanjirappally, were well received. When Alappuzha Redstar Theatres was launched under the stewardship of Vayalar Vinayachandran at the behest of CPI, Ranganath became a proper drama artist.",
"He wrote songs and the script, composed music and even directed the play \"Darshanam\" that got him noticed. After Kottayam National Theatres reproduced the play two years later, it became a super hit and Ranganath's career was launched. He wrote 42 plays for various troupes notably \"Sahadarmini\", \"Kudumbakshethram\", \"Amrithasaagaram\", \"Ponnushasinte Varavum Kathu\" and \"Ayalathe Amma\". Later he developed an interest in background score and shifted to Chennai, where he was introduced to films. He entered the film industry by playing orchestra for the popular Malayalam film song \"Naalikerathinte\" from the movie Thurakkatha Vathil. His first film composition was the song \"Oshana Oshana\" for the movie Jesus in 1973. It was P. Jayachandran who suggested HMV to record Ranganath's first stage song. Jayachandran himself sang those songs. So as a gratitude Ranganath called Jayachandran to sing for his first film song. When Ranganath didn't get other opportunities after his first film, he left Chennai, leaving his film dreams behind, and shifted to Kerala and theatre. During this tenure, he got close to K. J. Yesudas and joined his Tharangini studio as staff music director and script scrutinising officer in 1981. It was his Tharangini songs that resulted in the musician composing the background score for Priyadarshan’s Poochakkoru Mookkuthi."
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popqa | 705d4665-fc05-4356-b257-51e38dd6d398 | In what city was Belarmino Mario Chipongue born? | Mário Belarmino | [
"Lubango"
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"1964 film\nBelarmino is a 1964 Portuguese docufiction. It charts the life and times of ex-boxer Belarmino Fragoso. It is one of the first films of the Portuguese Cinema Novo, itself part of a wave of New Cinemas sweeping the world in the 1960s, and a break from the previous tradition of Portuguese cinema exemplified by the \"comédia à portuguesa\". Lopes's film was shown at the festivals of Pesaro and Salso-Poretta in Italy, garnered favourable reviews throughout Europe and won the Prémio da Casa da Imprensa back in Portugal. Synopsis. \"Belarmino\" comprises two strands: an experiential and an interview strand, and constantly alternates between the two. Although these are carefully intertwined on both the sound and image track, they can be separated for ease of discussion. The Experiential Strand. The Experiential Strand is principally concerned with registering Fragoso's current and former activities. After the opening credits, in which we see a montage of stills of Belarmino taken in the streets of Lisbon, there follows a sequence showing the ex-boxer at a training session in his former boxing club. We are shown scenes of the daily domestic routine of Fragoso and his wife at their home in the Rua Barros Queirós, which seems at once both fragile and tranquil. We later see them eating at a casa de pasto with their daughter.",
"We also see footage shot at the Grupo Desportivo da Mouraria, a small neighbourhood association where Belarmino first began to box and where he met the man who was to manage him for the most part of his career: Albano Martins. Here youths who are presumably the next generation of hopeful boxers train against a backdrop filled with the paraphernalia of traditional neighbourhood life. In the next section, which concentrates on Belarmino's life in the streets, we see the ex-boxer walking along his home street and through Lisbon's downtown. He approaches a young woman to her obvious displeasure. Later, Belarmino sits on an esplanade, drinking coffee and whistling, partly at women passers-by and partly to himself. We again see Belarmino training, this time outside on the track of Sporting Clube de Portugal’s old Alvalade stadium. This sequence is juxtaposed with a return to the boxer walking through the streets of the Baixa. He passes by one of the old cinemas of that area, which has posters for westerns and horror films pasted on its doors. The camera accompanies Belarmino through the midst of a great number of people who seem to be milling around aimlessly. As Belarmino moves through the streets, we hear not atmospheric noise but the sounds of a screening in a cinema auditorium.",
"At one point there is a tilt-up of the façade of the Cinema Eden, which shows us Belarmino's view of a poster announcing the film \"A Miúda da Bica\" showing its lead, Fernando Farinha. There comes another sequence showing Belarmino seated at a table in a café, but this time in its interior. He is working as a photo-colourist. A bolero plays on the soundtrack. Belarmino is then asked if he could still fight a man his own weight. We do not hear an answer to this question, but in the next scene, do see the boxer undergoing the sort of medical examination normally preliminary to a match. There is a cut to his arrival at the ring to fight a Spanish boxer, Toni Alonso. This is a carefully edited scene, in the same style as the opening scene in the gym. The montage accompanies the rhythm of the combat and the sequence is punctuated by stills. From the ringside there is a cut to a scene in the Hot Club of Portugal, a jazz venue. There is no tangible link to the ex-boxer's story as he is not present. We then see Belarmino at another venue, the Ritz Clube. The fact that this is an entirely different location is not made explicit by the editing, which instead works to place the two in parallel. A strip tease is announced on stage at the Ritz Clube, followed by a shot of Fragoso staring intensely on (though we see none of the show).",
"There is a cut to a long, high angle shot of the ex-boxer dancing with a woman and it is implied that she might be a prostitute, especially as Fragoso had just been quizzed upon rumours of his consorting with sex workers. The scene in the Ritz Clube is further crosscut with scenes from the Hot Clube, in which we see a romance developing between the saxophone player of the band playing and a woman in the audience. They dance together as dawn breaks and the scene ends with a curious tilt up a tower. There follows a sequence in which Fragoso drinks water from a fountain in downtown Lisbon. This, for its part, is intercut with footage from the boxing match with Toni Alonso. The next sequence in the experiential strand then closes the film, with Belarmino in long shot walking in a crowded street, glimpsed through the balustrade of a veranda. The Interview Strand. The Interview Strand consists of an interview between Belarmino Fragoso and Baptista-Bastos, a journalist, writer, and at that time, film critic. We see Belarmino in a medium shot against a white background and only hear Baptista-Bastos's voice as he asks the questions. At the start of the film, Belarmino gives a garbled explanation of a scam in which the ex-boxer's brother fought under Belarmino's name in London and lost. Belarmino was then, he tells us, contracted by Jack Solomon, whom he describes as \"\"um dos maiores empresários mundiais\"."
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popqa | b7ab868f-e437-428a-b63a-36845d087ab1 | In what city was Raju Kaji Shakya born? | Raju Kaji Shakya | [
"Dharan"
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"Nepalese footballer and coach\nRaju Kaji Shakya () is a Nepalese football manager and former footballer who captained the Nepal national football team.Fantastic player, Won 3 gold (as a Player, Captain and Coach), 2 Silver and 1 broze in South Asian Games. Only player in south asia to play 1st to 7th edition of South Asian Games. . He is the current manager of New Road Team. Born in July 1960 in Dharan, Nepal, he has also served as head coach of Nepal national football team. Career. Shakya started playing Professional football from 1975. His international career involved playing for the Nepal national football team from 1981 to 1997, where he served as captain from 1981–1997. Also, he has played professional football in Bangladesh league. In 1987, Shakya led Nepal in three notable international friendlies, against USSR and East Germany in 1987 and West Germany in 1989. Coaching career. From 1991 to 1993, Shakya attended \"Futuro\" (a FIFA-accredited coaching course) as part of the Coca-Cola World Football Development Programme in Nepal. In 1998, he later gained an FA international coaching B-licence accredited by UEFA in England. 4 years later, Shakya gained further qualification with the AFC coaching C-licence in Nepal. Shakya began coaching the Nepal national football team's U-14 squad for the 2004 AFC U-14 Football Festival. After this, Shakya attended a short-term course for football coaching accredited by the German NOC and German Football Association in Nepal (2004).",
"Finally, 4 years later Shakya gained an international C-licence from the Japan Football Association in 2008. In May 2013 Shakya extended his contract with Machhindra Football Club to continue as head coach so that he would remain in charge for the rest of the season. In 2013, Shakya was appointed as the interim coach for Nepal national football team, until Jack Stefanowski was re-instated as head coach. In October 2014 Shakya was appointed head coach of Three Star Club, which he took as defending champions to the 35th edition of the Governor's Gold Cup as defending champions. They however lost to Sikkim FA because of an extra time own goal. In January 2015 Shakya was appointed head coach of Manang Marshyangdi Club replacing Nabin Neupane. Neupane wasn't sacked but rather will now act as Shakya's assistant coach for the upcoming 2014-15 Nepal Redbull national league. He was appointed head coach of New Road Team. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Republican tribe confederacy in Iron-Age India\nShakya (Pāḷi: ; ) was an ancient clan of the northeastern region of South Asia, whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The Shakyas were organised into a (an aristocratic oligarchic republic), also known as the Shakya Republic. The Shakyas were on the periphery, both geographically and culturally, of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain in the Greater Magadha cultural region. Location. The Shakyas lived in the Terai – an area south of the foothills of the Himalayas and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain with their neighbors to the west and south being the kingdom of Kosala, their neighbors to the east across the Rohni River being the related Koliya tribe, while on the northeast they bordered on the Mallakas of Kushinagar. To the north, the territory of the Shakyas stretched into the Himalayas until the forested regions of the mountains, which formed their northern border. The capital of the Shakyas was the city of Kapilavastu. Etymology. The name of the Shakyas is attested primarily in the Pali forms and , and the Sanskrit form . The Shakyas' name was derived from the Sanskrit root () ( (), more rarely () or ()) meaning \"to be able,\" \"worthy,\" \"possible,\" or \"practicable.\"",
"The name of the Shakyas was also derived from the name of the or tree, which Bryan Levman has identified with either the teak or sāla tree, which is ultimately related to word (), meaning 'branch,’ and was connected to the Shakyas' practice of worshipping the or tree. History. Origin. The Shakyas were an eastern sub-Himalayan ethnic group on the periphery, both geographically and culturally, of the eastern Gangetic plain in the Greater Magadha cultural region. The Shakyas were of 'mixed origin' () of Indo-Aryan and Munda descent, with the former group forming a minority. The Shakyas were closely related to their eastern neighbours, the Koliya tribe, with whom they intermarried. Alternative origin hypothesis. Scholars such as Michael Witzel and Christopher I. Beckwith have equated the Shakyas with Central Asian nomads who were called Scythians by the Greeks, s by the Achaemenid Persians, and by the Indo-Aryans. These scholars have suggested that the people of the Buddha were Saka soldiers who arrived in South Asia in the army of Darius the Great during the Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley, and saw in Scytho-Saka nomadism the origin of the wandering asceticism of the Buddha. Scholars criticize the Scythian hypothesis due to a lack of evidence, with Bryan Levman maintaining that the Shakyas were native to the north-east Gangetic plain and unrelated to the Iranic Sakas. Statehood.",
"By the sixth century BCE, the Shakyas, the Koliyas, Moriyas, and Mallakas lived between the territories of the Kauśalyas to the west and the Licchavikas and Vaidehas to the east, thus separating the Vajjika League from the Kosala kingdom. By that time, the Shakya republic had become a vassal state of the larger Kingdom of Kosala. During the fifth century itself, one of the members of the ruling aristocratic oligarchy of the Shakyas was Suddhodana. Suddhodana was married to the princess Māyā, who was the daughter of a Koliya noble, and the son of Suddhodana and Māyā was Siddhartha Gautama, the historical Buddha and founder of Buddhism. During the life of the Buddha, an armed feud opposed the Shakyas and the Koliyas concerning the waters of the river Rohiṇī, which formed the boundary between the two states and whose water was needed by both of them to irrigate their crops. The intervention of the Buddha finally put an end to these hostilities. After the death of the Buddha, the Shakyas claimed a share of his relics from the Mallakas of Kusinārā on the grounds that he had been a Shakya. Conquest by Kosala. Shortly after the Buddha's death, the Kauśalya king Viḍūḍabha, who had overthrown his father Pasenadi, invaded the Shakya and Koliya republics, seeking to conquer their territories because they had once been part of Kosala."
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"doc_chunk": "Nepalese footballer and coach\nRaju Kaji Shakya () is a Nepalese football manager and former footballer who captained the Nepal national football team.Fantastic player, Won 3 gold (as a Player, Captain and Coach), 2 Silver and 1 broze in South Asian Games. Only player in south asia to play 1st to 7th edition of South Asian Games. . He is the current manager of New Road Team. Born in July 1960 in Dharan, Nepal, he has also served as head coach of Nepal national football team. Career. Shakya started playing Professional football from 1975. His international career involved playing for the Nepal national football team from 1981 to 1997, where he served as captain from 1981–1997. Also, he has played professional football in Bangladesh league. In 1987, Shakya led Nepal in three notable international friendlies, against USSR and East Germany in 1987 and West Germany in 1989. Coaching career. From 1991 to 1993, Shakya attended \"Futuro\" (a FIFA-accredited coaching course) as part of the Coca-Cola World Football Development Programme in Nepal. In 1998, he later gained an FA international coaching B-licence accredited by UEFA in England. 4 years later, Shakya gained further qualification with the AFC coaching C-licence in Nepal. Shakya began coaching the Nepal national football team's U-14 squad for the 2004 AFC U-14 Football Festival. After this, Shakya attended a short-term course for football coaching accredited by the German NOC and German Football Association in Nepal (2004).",
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popqa | fbc540d2-3774-420c-89cb-64016ab7dc68 | In what city was Alastair Heathcote born? | Alastair Heathcote | [
"Athens"
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"! colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:#b0c4de;color:inherit;\" | Medal record\n Men's rowing \nAlastair Heathcote (born 18 August 1977 in Athens, Greece) is a British rower and Captain in the British Army. Heathcote is the eldest grandson and eventual heir of Sir Gilbert Simon Heathcote, 9th Baronet. He was educated at Eton College, Newcastle University and Oxford Brookes University. His hobbies are free-form contemporary dance, pheasant stroking and coarse fishing. His father was an Old Etonian Gunner officer. His father later served as a diplomat at the British High Commission in Pakistan and later the head of security for an oil company. He was in Mustians house at Eton. He served as Captain of Boats at the school. His younger brother Nicholas is also a distinguished oarsman. He joined the army in 2001 and served in Bosnia (Operation Joint Endeavor in support of UNPROFOR) and Iraq (Operation Telic). He was selected for the Great Britain squad in 2006 and won a bronze medal in the eight at the Rowing World Cup in 2007 at Amsterdam and at the following 2007 Rowing World Championships in Munich. He was in the GB team (Men's 8) in the Beijing Olympics, where he won the silver medal. He coached at Latymer Upper School in West London until 2011.",
"Heathcote may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nPlaces. in Australia\nin Canada\nin England\nin New Zealand\nin the United States\nPeople. as a forename\nas a surname\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Australian actress (born 1987)\nIsabella Heathcote (born c. 1987) is an Australian actress. Following her film debut in \"Acolytes\" (2008), she had a recurring role as Amanda Fowler on the television soap opera \"Neighbours\" (2009). She gained further recognition for her dual roles as Victoria Winters and Josette du Pres in the dark fantasy film \"Dark Shadows\" (2012), and Olive Byrne in the biographical drama film \"Professor Marston and the Wonder Women\" (2017). Heathcote has since appeared in several films, including \"In Time\" (2011), \"Pride and Prejudice and Zombies\", \"The Neon Demon\" (both 2016), \"Fifty Shades Darker\" (2017), and \"Relic\" (2020). On television, she played Nicole Dörmer on the second and third seasons of the Amazon Prime Video dystopian alternate history series \"The Man in the High Castle\" (2016–18), Susan Parsons on the Paramount+ historical drama series \"Strange Angel\" (2018–19), and Andy Oliver in the Netflix drama thriller series \"Pieces of Her\" (2022). Early life. Heathcote was born around 1987 in Melbourne, Australia. She has one sibling, a brother. Their father was a lawyer. Heathcote attended Korowa Anglican Girls' School. She began attending performance classes when she was 12. Her father believed it would be a good distraction in the wake of her mother's death. Heathcote then studied drama at university, and after her first year realised that she wanted to pursue acting as a career.",
"Career. Heathcote's early roles include the recurring role of Amanda Fowler in the soap opera \"Neighbours\", and a small appearance in the 2008 horror film \"Acolytes\". Heathcote then appeared in the 2010 Australian war film \"Beneath Hill 60\". In May 2010, she was the recipient of a Heath Ledger Scholarship. She then based herself in Los Angeles for work. In December 2010, she was cast in David Chase's film \"Not Fade Away\" (originally titled \"Twylight Zones\"). She also appeared in the sci-fi thriller \"In Time\", alongside Justin Timberlake and Amanda Seyfried. Heathcote filmed a cameo appearance for \"Killing Them Softly\" (then titled \"Cogan's Trade\"), but her scenes were cut from the final film. In February 2011, Tim Burton selected Heathcote to play Victoria Winters and Josette du Pres in his film adaptation of \"Dark Shadows\", starring opposite Johnny Depp, Michelle Pfeiffer, and Helena Bonham Carter. She was later cast in Nicolas Winding Refn's thriller film \"The Neon Demon\", which was released in 2016. Heathcote was named one of the 10 Actors to Watch: Breakthrough Performances of 2012 at the 20th Hamptons International Film Festival. The following year, she starred alongside Max Minghella in The Killers' music video for \"Shot at the Night\". she was part of the Spring/Summer 2014 campaign for Miu Miu alongside fellow actresses Lupita Nyong'o, Elle Fanning and Elizabeth Olsen.",
"In 2017, Heathcote played Leila Williams in the film \"Fifty Shades Darker\", the sequel to \"Fifty Shades of Grey\". She also joined the season 2 cast of television drama \"The Man in the High Castle\" as Nicole Dörmer, a Berlin-born filmmaker. She starred as Olive Byrne, partner of psychologists and comic book authors William Moulton Marston and Elizabeth Holloway Marston, in the 2017 biographical film \"Professor Marston and the Wonder Women\". She played Susan Parsons in the CBS All Access drama \"Strange Angel,\" an adaptation of George Pendle's book \"Strange Angel: The Otherworldly Life of Rocket Scientist John Whiteside Parsons\". It was cancelled after two seasons in November 2019. Heathcote appears in the second season of the Australian web television series \"Bloom\" as a younger incarnation of Loris Webb, played by Anne Charleston. Heathcote appeared in the independent drama \"Relic\", alongside Emily Mortimer and Robyn Nevin. It follows a daughter, a mother and a grandmother who are \"haunted by a manifestation of dementia that consumes their family's home\". The movie was produced by AGBO Films, the Russo Brothers' production company and Jake Gyllenhaal, and co-written and directed by Natalia Erika James. Heathcote stars with Toni Collette in the 2022 Netflix thriller series \"Pieces of Her\", adapted from the Karin Slaughter novel of the same name. Heathcote stars in the Stan and Nine Network crime drama \"Scrublands\" as Mandy Bond, alongside Luke Arnold and Jay Ryan."
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"doc_chunk": "! colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:#b0c4de;color:inherit;\" | Medal record\n Men's rowing \nAlastair Heathcote (born 18 August 1977 in Athens, Greece) is a British rower and Captain in the British Army. Heathcote is the eldest grandson and eventual heir of Sir Gilbert Simon Heathcote, 9th Baronet. He was educated at Eton College, Newcastle University and Oxford Brookes University. His hobbies are free-form contemporary dance, pheasant stroking and coarse fishing. His father was an Old Etonian Gunner officer. His father later served as a diplomat at the British High Commission in Pakistan and later the head of security for an oil company. He was in Mustians house at Eton. He served as Captain of Boats at the school. His younger brother Nicholas is also a distinguished oarsman. He joined the army in 2001 and served in Bosnia (Operation Joint Endeavor in support of UNPROFOR) and Iraq (Operation Telic). He was selected for the Great Britain squad in 2006 and won a bronze medal in the eight at the Rowing World Cup in 2007 at Amsterdam and at the following 2007 Rowing World Championships in Munich. He was in the GB team (Men's 8) in the Beijing Olympics, where he won the silver medal. He coached at Latymer Upper School in West London until 2011.",
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popqa | a164f20c-6794-48fe-a0d0-19dbdb771586 | In what city was William Marshall Craig born? | William Marshall Craig | [
"Manchester",
"Manchester, England"
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"English painter\nWilliam Marshall Craig (died 1827) was an English painter who exhibited at times at the Royal Academy, from 1788 until 1827. Craig first lived at Manchester, but settled in London about 1791. He was painter in water-colours to the Queen, and miniature painter to the Duke and Duchess of York. He also excelled as a draughtsman on wood, and as a book illustrator, and he published in 1821 'Lectures on Drawing, Painting, and Engraving.' He is said to have been a nephew of Thomson, the poet. 'The Wounded Soldier' by him is in the Water-Colour Gallery at the South Kensington Museum. One of his pupils was the mouth-painter Sarah Biffen (1784–1850). Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American singer-songwriter\nCraig Marshall is an Austin, Texas–based singer-songwriter originally from Syracuse, New York. Biography. Early years. Marshall was raised in Syracuse, New York. By the age of 19, Marshall began performing and touring in rock and country bands, touring and performing with his group The Delta Rays. Marshall has recorded six full-length albums and one EP (in addition to three with jazz/swing band The Lucky Strikes). \"Point of View\" was released in 2008. Mixed by Lars Goransson, who is known for his work with artists such as The Cardigans, this album featured an even balance of acoustic and electric guitar. Marshall's next project, with producer Robert Harrison of Cotton Mather, began in 2011 at Harrison's custom-built recording studio. Harrison is a producer and songwriter best known as the frontman of indie rock groups Cotton Mather and Future Clouds and Radar. The CD releases \"Hiding In The Doorway\" in 2012 and \"After All\" in 2015 came out of these sessions. A third release, with Harrison producing, is planned for 2017, with much of the tracking already complete. Style. Marshall's music has been described by a critic from The Austin Chronicle, after the release of \"Popular Crimes\", as \"Though the longtime local singer describes this album as \"alt-pop,\" there's very little alt and plenty of pop here, starting with the first track, 'Desperately.'\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"New Zealand biochemistry academic\nCraig J. Marshall is a New Zealand biochemistry academic, and as of 2021 is an associate professor at the University of Otago. Academic career. After a 1988 PhD titled \" 'Structures of the haemoglobins of the brine shrimp, Artemia: an examination of their properties and synthesis' \" at the University of Otago, Marshall joined the staff, rising to associate professor. Marshall is involved in the Tertiary Education Union and has sat on the university council. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Bill, Billy, Will, Willie or William Craig may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nOthers. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"William Marshall, William Marshal, or Bill Marshall may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name."
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popqa | d349e1e9-3296-4cb9-a8e5-2480925cf25a | In what city was Philipp Crone born? | Philipp Crone | [
"Cologne",
"Köln",
"Kreisfreie Stadt Köln",
"Cologne, Germany",
"Cologne (Germany)"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35657078 | 1 | {
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"German field hockey player\nPhilipp Crone (born 16 March 1977 in Cologne) is a German former field hockey player who competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics and in the 2004 Summer Olympics. After his time in sports, he worked as journalist for different German newspapers like \"Sueddeutsche Zeitung\" and for Bayerischer Rundfunk. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Stock character; a malicious old woman, often occult or witch-like\nIn folklore, a crone is an old woman who may be characterized as disagreeable, malicious, or sinister in manner, often with magical or supernatural associations that can make her either helpful or obstructive. The Crone is also an archetypal figure or a Wise Woman. As a character type, the crone shares characteristics with the hag. The word became further specialized as the third aspect of the Triple Goddess popularized by Robert Graves and subsequently in some forms of neopaganism. In Wicca, the crone symbolizes the Dark Goddess, the dark side of the Moon, the end of a cycle; together with the Mother Crone, the Light Goddess and the Crone Maiden, Day Goddess, she represents part of the circle of life. The Handsome Warlock or Beautiful Witch, good or bad may change a Crone or Hag to normal looks, appearance if so desired. In feminism. In feminist spiritual circles, a \"Croning\" is a ritual rite of passage into an era of wisdom, freedom, and personal power. According to scholar Clarissa Pinkola Estés, the Crone is \"the one who sees far, who looks into the spaces between the worlds and can literally see what is coming, what has been, and what is now and what underlies and stands behind many things.",
"[...] The Crone represents the ability to see, more than just with one’s eyes alone, but to see with the heart’s eyes, with the soul’s eyes, through the eyes of the creative force and the animating force of the psyche.\" In patriarchal societies. As a social construct, the crone, along with many other female monsters is present in many patriarchal societies to warn of the nature of women. The crone highlights the importance of beauty and youth among women, and how older and elderly women are no longer desirable, often turned bitter and evil in their old age. In media, the crone often acts out of jealousy, luring young pretty women into bad situations, such as seen in the tale \"Snow White\". Etymology. As a noun, \"crone\" entered the English language around the year 1390, deriving from the Anglo-French word \"carogne\" (an insult), itself deriving from the Old North French \"charogne\", \"caroigne\", meaning a disagreeable woman (literally meaning \"carrion\"). Prior to the entrance of the word into English, the surname Hopcrone is recorded (around 1323–1324). In more modern usage, \"crone\" is also defined as a \"woman who is venerated for experience, judgment, and wisdom.\" Clarissa Pinkola Estes suggests that the word \"crone\" may derive from the word crown (or, la corona).",
"While a crown is known as a circlet that goes around the head and establishes one's authority as a leader, \"before this understanding, the crown, la corona, was understood to mean the halo of light around a person’s body. La corona was considered to shine more brightly when a person was clear, filled with love and justice.\" Thus, Estes suggests, the Crone is one who reflects this enhanced degree of clarity and in/sight. Examples. In Norse myth, Thor wrestles the crone Elli who personifies old age. The Slavic witch Baba Yaga is a crone and liminal guardian to the Otherworld. Baba Yaga was once a kind fairy, but eventually became evil and cannibalistic. She lives in a hut surrounded by the bones of her victims, one which can only be entered by magic. Anyone who tried entering, would find themselves dead. In the local folklore of Somerset in South West England, the Woman of the Mist is said to appear sometimes as a crone gathering sticks; sightings of her were reported as late as the 1950s. In the Scottish Highlands tale \"The Poor Brother and the Rich\", a crone refuses to stay buried, until her son-in-law provides a generous wake, after which he becomes as wealthy as his more fortunate brother. In Cuban traditional folklore old women often appear as helpful characters, as in the tale of the sick man who cannot get well until he meets an old woman who advises him to wear the tunic of a man who is truly happy.",
"According to writer Alma Flor Ada, \"They tend to be the ones who keep the family together, who pass on the traditions, who know the remedies that would cure the different illnesses\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | f4d76401-b38a-41de-ace2-2fb9b1fe448a | In what city was Danie Mellor born? | Danie Mellor | [
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"Australian artist (born 1971)\nDanie Mellor (born 13 April 1971) is an Australian artist who was the winner of 2009 National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award. Born in Mackay, Queensland, Mellor grew up in Scotland, Australia, and South Africa before undertaking tertiary studies at North Adelaide School of Art, the Australian National University (ANU) and Birmingham Institute of Art and Design. He then took up a post lecturing at Sydney College of the Arts. He works in different media including printmaking, drawing, painting, and sculpture. Considered a key figure in contemporary Indigenous Australian art, the dominant theme in Mellor's art is the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian cultures. Since 2000, Mellor's works have been included regularly in National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award exhibitions; in 2003 he was awarded a \"highly commended\", for his print \"Cyathea cooperi\", and in 2009 he won the principal prize, for a mixed media work \"From Rite to Ritual\". His other major exhibitions have included the \"Primavera 2005\" show at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney, and the inaugural National Indigenous Art Triennial (\"Culture Warriors\") at the National Gallery of Australia in 2007. In 2012, his work was included in the National Museum of Australia's exhibition \"Menagerie: Contemporary Indigenous Sculpture\" as well as in the second National Indigenous Art Triennial, while international recognition came in 2013 with representation in the National Gallery of Canada's exhibition of international indigenous art. Life. Mellor was born in Mackay, Queensland, in 1971.",
"His father was of American and Australian descent; his mother had Irish, Mamu, Ngagen, and Ngajan heritage. Mellor's maternal great-great-grandmother, Eleanor Kelly, and great-grandmother, May Kelly, were Indigenous Australian people from the rainforest country around Cairns. The family was peripatetic: in his first twenty years, Mellor lived in Mackay, Queensland; Scotland; Brisbane, Queensland; Sutton Grange, Victoria; Adelaide, South Australia; and Cape Town, South Africa, as well as in the Northern Territory. Mellor went to school at Steiner Schools in South Australia and South Africa; in high school he was taught art by his mother. Looking back at the influence of his schooling upon his art, he remarked how, despite the Eurocentric origins of Rudolf Steiner's approach to education, \"there are comparable elements and themes inherent in [Steiner's] philosophical narrative that parallel an Indigenous outlook, which is holistic in the way it approaches deeper and more intuitive readings of the environment and landscape.\" After completing a Certificate in Art at the North Adelaide School of Art in 1991, Mellor undertook a Bachelor of Arts with Honours at the ANU in 1992–1994, and a Masters in Fine Art at Birmingham Institute of Art and Design, part of the Birmingham City University, in 1995–1996. In the early 2000s, he entered a doctorate at the ANU, where he also taught print media and drawing. He completed his PhD in 2004. As of 2013, Mellor is a lecturer at Sydney College of the Arts, within the University of Sydney.",
"Mellor is married to artist Joanne Kennedy. Career. In the early 1990s, Mellor won drawing prizes at the ANU's Canberra School of Art and the Grafton Regional Gallery in New South Wales. Through the mid-1990s, while studying in Canberra and Birmingham, he was represented in numerous student and other exhibitions, in Australia, Belgium, Japan, Korea and the United Kingdom. These included exhibitions titled \"Passage\", at Kyoto Seika University in Japan in 1994, and \"Fragile Objects\" at the National Library of Australia in 1996. Mellor's works have been included in the National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award on several occasions, in 2000, 2001, and every year from 2003 to 2010. In 2003, his mezzotint print \"Cyathea cooperi\", portraying tree ferns native to the Queensland rainforest, was highly commended. Subsequent entries have included \"Of fragile dreams the heart which nevermore\" in 2005, \"Untitled (Ernie Grant in Blackman Street)\" in 2006, \"Exotic lies and sacred ties (the heart that conceals, the tongue that never reveals)\" in 2008, and \"A Transcendent Vision (of life, death and resurrection)\" in 2010. Reviewing the 2008 exhibition, academic Sarah Scott expressed surprise that Mellor's 2008 piece had neither attracted an award nor been purchased for the Northern Territory's public collection.",
"\"Primavera 2005\", an annual exhibition of young artists' work held at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Sydney, included Mellor's work \"Fig 1-100 (This particular collection made sense)\", a mixed media composition that included specimens of Ulysses butterflies. He has had numerous other exhibitions, both individually and as part of group shows, at galleries including the Queensland Art Gallery in 2003, the Canberra Museum and Art Gallery in 2006, and the Indigenous Ceramic Art Awards, at Shepparton Gallery in Victoria in 2007. Mellor's work was represented in the first National Indigenous Art Triennial in 2007, with the elaborate (and elaborately named) sculpture \"The contrivance of a vintage Wonderland (A magnificent flight of curious fancy for science buffs, a china ark of seductive whimsy, a divinely ordered special attraction, upheld in multifariousness)\" featuring a diorama that included sculpted kangaroos made with blue and white crockery fragments (evoking Spode bone china), real kangaroo skin (used for the ears and paws), and synthetic eyeballs; stuffed birds sat in a life-sized mixed-media tree overhead. The work featured in media reports of the exhibition, including by \"The Adelaide Advertiser\", \"The Canberra Times\", \"The West Australian\" and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Since graduating, Mellor has won several awards, including the Canberra Critic's Choice Award in 2006, and the $15,000 John Tallis National Works on Paper Acquisitive Award in 2008.",
"The following year, he won the Victorian Indigenous Ceramic Art Award, held at Shepparton Art Gallery in Shepparton, Victoria. In August 2009, Mellor won the AU$40,000 National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award, for his mixed media work \"From Rite to Ritual\". It was only the third time in the award's 26 years that an urban Aboriginal artist had been the winner. Earlier that year his solo show at Brisbane's Jan Murphy Gallery had sold out. Also in that year, Mellor's work was featured alongside that of Patricia Piccinini and Cherry Hood in the Newcastle Region Art Gallery's show \"Animal Attraction\". Though Mellor has not had a painting hung in the Archibald Prize, he was the subject of Paul Ryan's portrait that was a 2010 finalist in that competition. In 2012, his work was included in the National Museum of Australia's exhibition \"Menagerie: Contemporary Indigenous Sculpture\", and in the second National Indigenous Art Triennial. He was also selected for inclusion in that year's Blake Prize, with his work \"Bulluru Storywater\". Mellor received international recognition in 2013, when he was included in \"Sakahàn\", the National Gallery of Canada's \"most ambitious contemporary art exhibition in its history\". Among the national collections containing Mellor's work are the National Gallery of Australia, which owns his prize-winning \"From Rite to Ritual\", and the Parliament House Art Collection."
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"doc_chunk": "Australian artist (born 1971)\nDanie Mellor (born 13 April 1971) is an Australian artist who was the winner of 2009 National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award. Born in Mackay, Queensland, Mellor grew up in Scotland, Australia, and South Africa before undertaking tertiary studies at North Adelaide School of Art, the Australian National University (ANU) and Birmingham Institute of Art and Design. He then took up a post lecturing at Sydney College of the Arts. He works in different media including printmaking, drawing, painting, and sculpture. Considered a key figure in contemporary Indigenous Australian art, the dominant theme in Mellor's art is the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian cultures. Since 2000, Mellor's works have been included regularly in National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award exhibitions; in 2003 he was awarded a \"highly commended\", for his print \"Cyathea cooperi\", and in 2009 he won the principal prize, for a mixed media work \"From Rite to Ritual\". His other major exhibitions have included the \"Primavera 2005\" show at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney, and the inaugural National Indigenous Art Triennial (\"Culture Warriors\") at the National Gallery of Australia in 2007. In 2012, his work was included in the National Museum of Australia's exhibition \"Menagerie: Contemporary Indigenous Sculpture\" as well as in the second National Indigenous Art Triennial, while international recognition came in 2013 with representation in the National Gallery of Canada's exhibition of international indigenous art. Life. Mellor was born in Mackay, Queensland, in 1971.",
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popqa | edc627f6-2667-43bf-ad03-1aed2e691c01 | In what city was Endre Bálint born? | Endre Bálint | [
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"Budapešť",
"Budapesta",
"Budapeszt",
"Buda",
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"Budín",
"Budim",
"Budon",
"Pest",
"Pešť",
"Pešta",
"Óbuda",
"Alt-Ofen",
"Kőbánya"
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"Bálint or Balint is a Hungarian surname derived from Valentinus. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"Endre may refer to:\nPeople. Hungary. Endre is a Hungarian masculine given name. It is a Hungarian form of \"Andrew\" and may refer to:\nPlaces. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Hungarian musician (16th century)\nBálint Bakfark (; in contemporary sources Valentin Bakfark or (from 1565 onward) Valentin Greff alias Bakfark, his name is variously spelled as \"Bacfarc\", \"Bakfarc\", \"Bakfarkh\", \"Bakffark\", \"Backuart\") (c. 1507 – 15 or 22 August 1576) was a Hungarian composer of Transylvanian Saxon origin, and lutenist of the Renaissance. He was enormously influential as a lutenist in his time, and renowned as a virtuoso on the instrument. Life. He was born in Brassó, Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary (today Brașov in Romania), into a family of Transylvanian Saxon origin. An orphan, he was brought up by the Greff family and was educated in Buda at the court of John Zápolya. Bakfark remained there until 1540, though he possibly traveled to Italy once during this time. Sometime in the 1540s he traveled to Paris, but, finding the position of lutenist to the king filled, he left for Jagiellon Poland in 1549, where he was employed as a court lutenist by Sigismund II Augustus.",
"From then until 1566, he traveled extensively around Europe, with his renown increasing, but remained faithful to his employer in spite of numerous efforts by other monarchs to win him away; the riches bestowed on him by Sigismund may have affected his decision to remain attached to the court of Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania in Vilnius. What happened to him in 1566 is not precisely known, but he clearly did something to provoke the wrath of the king, and scarcely had time to flee before Polish army troops ransacked his house and destroyed his possessions. After this, he lived for a while in Vienna and then returned to Transylvania, but not for long; in 1571 he moved to Padua in Italy, where he remained until his death during the plague of 1576. As was common practice at the time, all the possessions of plague victims were destroyed by fire, so most of his manuscript music was lost. Music and influence. While Bakfark almost certainly wrote an enormous amount of music, very little was printed: a commonly given reason was that it was simply too difficult for others to play. His surviving works include ten fantasies, seven madrigals, eight chansons, and fourteen motets—all in amazingly faithful polyphonic arrangements for lute alone. Additionally, he transcribed vocal motets by contemporary composers such as Josquin des Prez, Clemens non Papa, Nicolas Gombert, and Orlando di Lasso into arrangements for the lute. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 336464c2-53fd-4fbb-b4a6-eb25e2915513 | In what city was Aleksandr Nekrasov born? | Aleksandr Nekrasov | [
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"Moscow, Russia",
"Moskva Federal City, Russia",
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"Moskva, Russia",
"City of Moscow",
"Moscow, Russian Federation",
"Moscow, Soviet Union",
"Moscow, Russian SFSR",
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"Moscovite"
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"Russian mathematician (1883–1957)\nAleksandr Ivanovich Nekrasov (; 9 December [O.S. 27 November] 1883 – 21 May 1957) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician known for his mathematical contributions to hydromechanics and aeromechanics. The Nekrasov integral equation describing surface waves is named for him. Biography. Nekrasov was born in Moscow, Russian Empire where he would remain for the rest of his life. He went to school and graduated from the University of Moscow in 1906. Nekrasov graduated with a first class diploma. Nekrasov earned a gold medal for work of his essay, \"Theory of the Satellites of Jupiter\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Russian footballer\nAleksandr Maksimovich Nekrasov (; born 20 August 1998) is a Russian football player. Club career. He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Zenit-2 Saint Petersburg on 8 July 2017 in a game against FC Shinnik Yaroslavl. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Nekrasov, also \"Nekrassov\" (), or Nekrasova (feminine; Некра́сова), is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Nekrasov.",
"Russian poet, critic, publisher (1821–1878)\nNikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov (Russian: , , 10 December [O.S. 28 November] 1821 – 8 January 1878 [O.S. 27 December 1877]) was a Russian poet, writer, critic and publisher, whose deeply compassionate poems about the Russian peasantry made him a hero of liberal and radical circles in the Russian intelligentsia of the mid-nineteenth century, particularly as represented by Vissarion Belinsky and Nikolay Chernyshevsky. He is credited with introducing into Russian poetry ternary meters and the technique of dramatic monologue (\"On the Road\", 1845). As the editor of several literary journals, notably \"Sovremennik\", Nekrasov was also singularly successful and influential. Biography. Early years. Nikolay Alexeyevich Nekrasov was born in Nemyriv (now in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine), in the Bratslavsky Uyezd of Podolia Governorate. His father Alexey Sergeyevich Nekrasov (1788–1862) was a descendant from Russian landed gentry, and an officer in the Imperial Russian Army. There is some uncertainty as to his mother's origins. According to Brokhaus & Efron (and this corresponds with Nekrasov's 1887 autobiographical notes), Alexandra Zakrzewska was a Polish noblewoman, daughter of a wealthy landlord who belonged to szlachta. The church records tell a different story, and modern Russian scholars have her name as Yelena Andreyevna.",
"\"Up until recently the poet's biographers had it that his mother belonged to the Polish family. In fact she was the daughter of Ukrainian state official Alexander Semyonovich Zakrevsky, the owner of Yuzvino, a small village in the Podolia Governorate,\" Korney Chukovsky asserted in 1967. Pyotr Yakubovich argued that the records might have been tampered with so as to conceal the fact that the girl had been indeed taken from Poland without her parents' consent (Nekrasov in his autobiography states as much). D.S.Mirsky came up with another way of explaining this discrepancy by suggesting that Nekrasov \"created the cult of his mother, imparted her with improbable qualities and started worshipping her after her death.\" In January 1823 Alexey Nekrasov, ranked army major, retired and moved the family to his estate in Greshnevo, Yaroslavl province, near the Volga River, where young Nikolai spent his childhood years with his five siblings, brothers Andrey (b. 1820), Konstantin (b. 1824) and Fyodor (b. 1827), sisters Elizaveta (b. 1821) and Anna (b. 1823). This early retirement from the army, as well as his job as a provincial inspector, caused Aleksey Sergeyevich much frustration resulting in drunken rages against both his peasants and his wife. Such experiences traumatized Nikolai and later determined the subject matter of his major poems that portrayed the plight of the Russian peasants and women."
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popqa | fb00a45d-574a-411c-b4d6-2d80641dfff4 | In what city was Charles Joseph Bonaparte born? | Charles Joseph Bonaparte | [
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"Baltimore City",
"Charm City",
"B more"
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"American lawyer (1851–1921)\nCharles Joseph Bonaparte (; June 9, 1851 – June 28, 1921) was an American lawyer and political activist for progressive and liberal causes. Originally from Baltimore, Maryland, he served in the cabinet of the 26th U.S. president, Theodore Roosevelt. He was a descendant of the House of Bonaparte: his grandfather was Jérôme Bonaparte, brother of Emperor Napoleon. Bonaparte was the U.S. Secretary of the Navy and later the U.S. Attorney General. During his tenure as Attorney General, he created the Bureau of Investigation (now the FBI). Bonaparte was one of the founders, and for a time the president, of the National Municipal League. He was also a long-time activist for the rights of black residents of his native city of Baltimore. Early life and education. Bonaparte was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on June 9, 1851, the son of Jérôme (\"Bo\") Napoleon Bonaparte (1805–1870), and Susan May Williams (1812–1881), from whom the American line of the Bonaparte family descended, and a grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia, the youngest brother of French emperor Napoleon. However, the American Bonapartes were not considered part of the dynasty and never used any titles. Bonaparte graduated from Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1871 and lived in Grays Hall during his freshman year. He then continued to Harvard Law School, where he later served as a university overseer. He practiced law in Baltimore and became prominent in municipal and national reform movements. Career.",
"In 1899, Bonaparte was the keynote speaker for the first graduating class of the Roman Catholic women's institution run by the Order of the School Sisters of Notre Dame, the College of Notre Dame of Maryland (now Notre Dame of Maryland University). He spoke on \"The Significance of the Bachelor's Degree\". Bonaparte lived in a townhouse in the north Baltimore neighborhood of Mount Vernon-Belvedere and had a country estate in suburban Baltimore County, Maryland, which surrounds the city on the west, north and east. His home, Bella Vista, was designed by the architects James Bosley Noel Wyatt (1847–1926) and William G. Nolting (1866–1940), in the prominent local architectural partnership firm of Wyatt & Nolting in 1896. It lies east of the Harford Road (Maryland Route 147) in an area called Glen Arm. The house was not electrified since Bonaparte refused to have electricity or telegraph lines installed from a dislike of technology, verified by his use of horse-drawn coach until his death in the early 1920s. Politics. Bonaparte was a founder of the Reform League of Baltimore, organized in 1885. The League gained a clean sweep of municipal elections in 1895: long-time minority progressive liberal Republicans ousted many Democratic machine politicians in heavily Democratic wards. The League men governed with clean hands for a brief time, providing a certain amount of efficient municipal government. Bonaparte was a member of the Board of Indian Commissioners from 1902 to 1904, chairman of the National Civil Service Reform League in 1904, and appointed a trustee of Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C.",
"In the 1904 United States presidential election, Bonaparte was named one of eight Republican candidates for presidential elector. Maryland at this time chose electors individually, in an at-large election. In an unusual result, Bonaparte got the most votes of any candidate, narrowly outpolling the eight Democrat candidates, who narrowly outpolled the other seven Republicans. Thus Bonaparte was the only Republican elector from Maryland, which may have reflected his personal reputation. In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Bonaparte Secretary of the Navy. In 1906 Bonaparte moved to the office of Attorney General, which he held until the end of Roosevelt's term. He was active in suits brought against the trusts and initiated the suit which broke up the monopolistic American Tobacco Company. He became known as \"Charlie, the Crook Chaser\". In 1908, Bonaparte established a Bureau of Investigation (BOI) within the Department of Justice, under the direction of the Attorney General himself. The BOI later became the FBI. In the 1912 United States presidential election, Bonaparte supported the Bull Moose party of Theodore Roosevelt. Personal life. On September 1, 1875, Bonaparte married Ellen Channing Day (1852–1924), daughter of attorney Thomas Mills Day and Anna Jones Dunn. They had no children. In 1903, he was awarded the Laetare Medal by the University of Notre Dame, the oldest and most prestigious award for American Catholics. Death. Bonaparte died in Bella Vista at age 70 and is interred at southwest Baltimore's landmark Loudon Park Cemetery. He died of \"Saint Vitus' dance\", a nonspecific term used at the time to refer to chorea.",
"A nearby street in Baltimore County bears the name of Bonaparte Avenue. After Bonaparte's death, the house was later owned by bootleggers Peter and Michael Kelly. After they left, it was destroyed in a fire caused by faulty wiring on January 20, 1933. The site was replaced by a poured concrete mansion, but a large carriage house, dating back to 1896, is still on the estate. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"King of Naples (1806–08) and Spain (1808–13)\nJoseph-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Giuseppe di Buonaparte, ; ; ; 7 January 1768 – 28 July 1844) was a French statesman, lawyer, diplomat and older brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. During the Napoleonic Wars, the latter made him King of Naples (1806–1808), and then King of Spain (1808–1813). After the fall of Napoleon, Joseph styled himself \"Comte de Survilliers\" and emigrated to the United States, where he settled near Bordentown, New Jersey, on an estate overlooking the Delaware River not far from Philadelphia. Early years and personal life. Joseph was born in 1768 as Giuseppe Buonaparte to Carlo Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino at Corte, the capital of the Corsican Republic. In the year of his birth, Corsica was invaded by France and conquered the following year. His father was originally a follower of the Corsican patriot leader Pasquale Paoli, but later became a supporter of French rule. Bonaparte trained as a lawyer. In that role and as a politician and diplomat, he served in the Cinq-Cents and as the French ambassador to Rome. On 30 September 1800, as Minister Plenipotentiary, he signed a treaty of friendship and commerce between France and the United States at Mortefontaine, Oise, alongside Charles Pierre Claret de Fleurieu, and Pierre Louis Roederer. In 1795 Bonaparte was a member of the Council of Five Hundred."
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"doc_chunk": "American lawyer (1851–1921)\nCharles Joseph Bonaparte (; June 9, 1851 – June 28, 1921) was an American lawyer and political activist for progressive and liberal causes. Originally from Baltimore, Maryland, he served in the cabinet of the 26th U.S. president, Theodore Roosevelt. He was a descendant of the House of Bonaparte: his grandfather was Jérôme Bonaparte, brother of Emperor Napoleon. Bonaparte was the U.S. Secretary of the Navy and later the U.S. Attorney General. During his tenure as Attorney General, he created the Bureau of Investigation (now the FBI). Bonaparte was one of the founders, and for a time the president, of the National Municipal League. He was also a long-time activist for the rights of black residents of his native city of Baltimore. Early life and education. Bonaparte was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on June 9, 1851, the son of Jérôme (\"Bo\") Napoleon Bonaparte (1805–1870), and Susan May Williams (1812–1881), from whom the American line of the Bonaparte family descended, and a grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia, the youngest brother of French emperor Napoleon. However, the American Bonapartes were not considered part of the dynasty and never used any titles. Bonaparte graduated from Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1871 and lived in Grays Hall during his freshman year. He then continued to Harvard Law School, where he later served as a university overseer. He practiced law in Baltimore and became prominent in municipal and national reform movements. Career.",
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popqa | 4311fd7c-d35f-4553-98cd-baed1bd3a8e5 | In what city was Louis François Antoine Arbogast born? | Louis François Antoine Arbogast | [
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"French mathematician\nLouis François Antoine Arbogast (4 October 1759 – 8 April 1803) was a French mathematician. He was born at Mutzig in Alsace and died at Strasbourg, where he was professor. He wrote on series and the derivatives known by his name: he was the first writer to separate the symbols of operation from those of quantity, introducing systematically the operator notation \"DF\" for the derivative of the function \"F\". In 1800, he published a calculus treatise where the first known statement of what is currently known as Faà di Bruno's formula appears, 55 years before the first published paper of Francesco Faà di Bruno on that topic. Biography. He was professor of mathematics at the Collège de Colmar and entered a mathematical competition run by the St Petersburg Academy. His entry was to bring him fame and an important place in the history of the development of the calculus. Arbogast submitted an essay to the St Petersburg Academy in which he came down firmly on the side of Euler. In fact he went much further than Euler in the type of arbitrary functions introduced by integrating partial differential equations, claiming that the functions could be discontinuous not only in the limited sense claimed by Euler, but discontinuous in a more general sense that he defined that allowed piecewise functions consisting of portions of different curves. Arbogast won the prize with his essay, and his notion of discontinuous function became important in Cauchy's more rigorous approach to analysis.",
"In 1789 he submitted in Strasbourg a major report on the differential and integral calculus to the Académie des Sciences in Paris which was never published. In the Preface of a later work he described the ideas that prompted him to write the major report of 1789. Essentially he realised that there were no rigorous methods to show convergence of series. In addition to his mathematics post, he was appointed as professor of physics at the Collège Royal in Strasbourg and from April 1791 he served as its rector until October 1791 when he was appointed rector of the University of Strasbourg; in 1794 he was appointed Professor of Calculus at the École centrale des travaux publics et militarisée (soon to become École Polytechnique) but he taught at the École préparatoire. His contributions to mathematics show him as a philosophical thinker. As well as introducing discontinuous functions, he described calculus with operational symbols. The formal algebraic manipulation of series investigated by Lagrange and Laplace in the 1770s was put in the form of operational calculus by Arbogast in 1800. He coined the term \"factorial\" for a product of a finite number of terms in arithmetic progression. \"The original version of this article was taken from the public domain resource the Rouse History of Mathematics.\" Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />",
"French general and politician\n François Antoine Louis Bourcier (; 23 February 1760 – 8 May 1828) was a French cavalry officer and divisional general of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. Bourcier was a cavalry lieutenant when the French Revolution fighting with the Army of the Rhine in the War of the First Coalition. By the War of the Second Coalition, he had been promoted to brigadier general, and served in the Army of the Danube as inspector general of cavalry. In the Napoleonic Wars, he fought at major campaigns on the Danube against Austria and Russia, including the battles of Elchingen, Austerlitz and the Battle of Wagram. He also participated in the campaign against Prussia, which culminated in the Battle of Jena-Auerstadt and the battles of Heilsberg and Friedland. Following the campaign in Prussia, he served briefly in the Peninsular War after he which he was transferred back to northern Europe and participated in the French Invasion of Russia in 1812. Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, he retained his titles and honours. Career. Bourcier was born in La Petite-Pierre near Phalsbourg, Alsace, a small town, in the Bas-Rhin district, north of Saverne and northwest of Strasbourg. The son of a former sergeant of the guard of King Stanislas Leszczynski, he proved himself a bright student in school, and was placed in a cavalry regiment. At the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, he was lieutenant in the 1st Regiment of Cavalry. From this time, his prospects rose quickly.",
"Appointed \"aide-de-campe\" to the Duke of Aiguillon (9 June 1792), he later he transferred to the staff of General Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine. A general of brigade in 1793, he became Chief of Staff of the Army of the Rhine, and was raised the following year to the rank of major general. Bourcier commanded a division of cavalry under General Jean Victor Marie Moreau, who had taken an interest in his career, and he was appointed Inspector of Cavalry on 3 August 1797. When Jean Baptiste Jourdan formed the Army of the Danube, he appointed Bourcier as inspector of cavalry for both his force and the Army of Switzerland, under command of André Masséna. With command of a brigade, and as inspector of cavalry, Bourcier participated in the campaigns of the War of the Second Coalition in southwestern Germany, Switzerland, and northern Italy. In Italy, he also commanded a column of cavalry that routed a group of rebels near Andrea. In the 1805 War of the Third Coalition, as commander of a division of dragoons, he participated in the Battle of Elchingen and later the Battle of Ulm. Six weeks later, at the Battle of Austerlitz, he made several brilliant and timely charges, including one observed by several parishioners of the town of Mönitz, who had climbed the church tower to watch the action. The French infantry had been surrounded by Austrian cavalry, which pursued them down the road.",
"Bourcier approached from the other direction with three regiments of dragoons, having left the rest of his division behind to preserve his communication lines in Raigern. Seeing the infantry beleaguered by cavalry, he led his men in a charge, giving the infantry time to escape. His own dragoons were fired upon with cannon and grapeshot, killing or wounding several men and horses, but, as he wrote later, \"[the Russian cannon fire] would have done more harm had they been directed better, being within half range.\" After the French victory at the Battle of Jena-Auerstadt, Bourcier was placed in charge of the several thousands of horses confiscated from the Prussians. This influx of horses improved the capacity of the French cavalry, as Joachim Murat's 11,000-strong cavalry reserve demonstrated later at the Battle of Eylau in February 1807. After the defeat of Prussia in 1807, Bourcier was sent to Spain to support the French efforts there, but he returned to the northern European theater in time for the Battle of Wagram in July 1809. He was also part of Napoleon's Russian campaign, but escaped the rigors of the retreat from Moscow, having been previously sent back to Berlin to reorganize the French cavalry. The First Restoration awarded him the Cross of St. Louis. He retired in 1816, but the following year he was recalled to the State Council and served as commissioner for the management of military supply depots. Family and post-military life. In 1809, he acquired the Chateau de Ville-au-Val at Meurthe-et-Moselle."
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popqa | ae40a1dd-0bb4-42ab-9432-961e7e3ab6af | In what city was Austin Cuvillier born? | Austin Cuvillier | [
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"Politician in Lower Canada and Canada East\nAustin Cuvillier (August 20, 1779 – July 11, 1849) was a businessman and political figure in Lower Canada and Canada East. He was a successful \"Canadien\" businessmen, unusual when most businessmen in Lower Canada were British. He also was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada for twenty years, as a member for the \"Parti canadien\", which tended to oppose the policies of the British-appointed governors. As a result, he served as a bridge between the conservative business community, and the more radical \"Parti canadien\", although he finally broke with the \"Parti canadien\" (by then called the \"Parti patriote\") prior to the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838. After the Rebellion, when the British government united Lower Canada with Upper Canada as the province of Canada, he again played a bridging role as the first Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, His fluent bilingualism enabled him to deal with both the English and the French speaking members of the Assembly in their own language, a tradition which carries on with the Speakers of the federal House of Commons. His portrait hangs in the Centre Block of the federal Parliament buildings, along with other former speakers. Early life and family. Cuvillier was born Augustin Cuvillier in 1779, in Quebec City, Province of Quebec, son of Augustin Cuvillier and Angélique Miot, \"dit\" Girard, the eldest of their seven children.",
"His father was a shop-owner on Rue Sous-le-Fort, beneath Cap Diamant, a street with other small shopkeepers and navigators. Cuvillier's father died in 1789, when Cuvillier was around ten years old, casting responsibility on him at a young age. Prior to his death, his father had arranged for Cuvillier to attend Collège Saint-Raphaël in Montreal. Cuvillier enrolled there in 1794, but does not appear to have completed his studies. In 1802, he married Marie-Claire Perrault at Notre-Dame cathedral in Montreal. The couple had seven children. One of his daughters, Angélique, married Alexandre-Maurice Delisle, a businessman who subsequently was a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada. Another daughter, Luce, had a long-standing extra-marital relationship with George-Étienne Cartier, who became a co-premier of the Province of Canada and a Father of Confederation. Two of his sons, Maurice and Austin, had significant business interests in banking, transportation and real estate development, as well as trade with Upper Canada. Joseph Perrault, Marie-Claire’s brother and Cuvillier's brother-in-law, also went on to become a member of the Legislative Assembly, elected in 1820.\nBusiness career. Cuvillier was hired by Henry Richard Symes, a wealthy Montreal auctioneer, and eventually took over the business when Symes retired in 1802. He formed a partnership with two other men, Thomas Aylwin and John Harkness, doing business in both Montreal and Quebec City.",
"However, the business was taken over by their creditors in 1806. In spite of the reverse, Cuvillier was acquiring a great deal of knowledge about local and foreign markets, as the auctioneering business involved importing large quantities of dry goods and then selling them in lots to local firms. He developed a network of contacts and an understanding of finance and banking, and also began to develop a reputation amongst colonial merchants. As a result of his involvement in the British-dominated business world, Cuvillier gradually adopted the anglicized first name Austin, first in English, and then in French as well. By 1807, he was back in the auction business, although he continued to have financial difficulties from time to time. At one point, his wife opened a business in her own name, which may have been a front for Cuvillier's business, avoiding his creditors. He played an important role in the founding of the Bank of Montreal and was one of its first directors. He also helped found the Montreal Fire Insurance Company and became president in 1820, although the firm agreed to a costly takeover by the Quebec Fire Insurance Company in late 1820, after Cuillivier had resigned as president and director. Even though heavily involved in the affairs of the Legislative Assembly, he continued to develop his businesses until by the 1830s he was Montreal's leading auctioneer, including imported manufactured goods, fish, salt, and liquors, as well as selling the inventories of insolvent businesses. He acted as a financial agent and stockbroker, selling shares of Canadian banks.",
"In 1836, he was named as a Montreal representative on the board of the Bank of British North America, founded in Britain to act as a colonial bank. By 1836, he was president of the city's Committee of Trade, leading the group which secured its incorporation as the Montreal Board of Trade. He was also involved in real estate transactions. Militia service: War of 1812. During the War of 1812, Cuvillier served with the militia. He initially was a lieutenant with the 5th Select Embodied Militia Battalion of Lower Canada (nicknamed \"The Devil's Own\"). In 1813, he gathered valuable undercover intelligence about American troops in the Salmon River area of New York, where he was known as a merchant. By 1814, he was a captain with the unit, renamed the Chasseurs Canadiens, but resigned when an officer from a British line regiment was given command rather than an officer of the Chasseurs. As a sideline, he had several commissary contracts. After the war, he was recognised with a medal with a Châteauguay clasp, and a grant of 800 acres of land in Litchfield township. By 1820, he was a supernumerary captain, with command of a company. Political career. Lower Canada. Member of the Legislative Assembly. Cuvillier was one of the few \"Canadien\" businessmen who was interested in politics. Most of the \"Canadien\" members of the Legislative Assembly were drawn from the professional classes. In 1809, Cuvillier stood for election for Huntingdon county, south of Montreal, but was defeated.",
"In 1814, he tried again, and this time was successful, being elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada representing Huntingdon, as a member of the \"Parti canadien\". He was re-elected in the general elections of 1816, 1820 (two elections), 1824, and 1827. His knowledge of business and finance was very valuable to the \"Canadiens\", who were challenging the Governors over provincial finances, using well-established British principles that the elected branch of government should control government finances. They were rebuffed by the governors, who took the view that those principles did not apply in colonial government, and who could count on the support of the appointed Legislative Council to defeat measures proposed by the Assembly. Cuvillier provided the detailed financial critiques; the leaders of the party, Louis-Joseph Papineau and John Neilson, made the arguments based on British political principles. Cuvillier and Neilson were also strong critics of government spending that did not relate strictly to the administration of government, opposing subsidies for public works. Cuvillier's political activities were also helpful for the business community of Lower Canada, as he served as a bridge to the members of the \"Parti canadien\" who were not necessarily sympathetic to business. Cuvillier worked in the Assembly for many years to get a legislative charter passed for the Bank of Montreal, to replace the private contract which its shareholders operated under. The statutory charter was eventually passed in 1822."
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popqa | 12bcdf27-de08-42ac-aedf-11843ca2ac54 | In what city was Bert Myers born? | Bert Myers | [
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"American writer (1906–1988)\nJohn Myers Myers (January 11, 1906 – October 30, 1988) was an American writer. He is known best for the fantasy novel \"Silverlock\" (1949), in which a man with a Master of Business Administration travels through a fantasy land, meeting dozens of characters from myth, legend, and romance for adventure and instruction. Life. Myers was born in Northport, Long Island on January 11, 1906, to John Caldwell Myers and Alice O'Neil McCorry Myers. He was named for his grandfather John Myers, \"the extra Myers, sparing me a dynastic 'II' as per race horses, cars, and yachts.\" Myers grew up in various places in New York, including New Paltz and New York City. He attended Bard St. Stephens College and then Middlebury College, but was expelled from the latter for writing unflattering verse about the faculty. He later attended the University of New Mexico to study anthropology, but never completed a degree. After extensive travel through Europe and the United States, Myers worked for the \"New York World\" and \"San Antonio Evening News\". He was also an advertising copywriter. Myers served five years in the U.S. Army during World War II. He and Charlotte Shanahan met while he was stationed at Fort Knox and they were married in 1943. They had two daughters, Anne Caldwell Myers and Celia Myers. In 1948, he moved to Tempe, Arizona to do research for \"The Last Chance\", and stayed there as he was by that time enamored of the West.",
"While there he worked as editorial writer for the local newspaper. As of 1984, J.M. and C.S. Myers lived \"in the chaparal cock country north and east of Mesa, Arizona, within visiting range of our two daughters\". At Arizona State University he had taught writing, conducted a writers conference, and assembled Western Americana for ASU Libraries. Myers died October 30, 1988. Literary career. Myers published seventeen books, ranging from fantasy and historical fiction of the American Old West to epic poetry and histories of the West. His first book, \"The Harp and the Blade\" (1941), was a historical novel set in tenth-century France. Myers' best-known work is the literary fantasy novel \"Silverlock\", published in 1949, which was reprinted in 1966 by Ace Books, with forewords and accolades from Poul Anderson, Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle. The novel's settings and characters, other than the protagonist, are drawn entirely from numerous other works of literature, such as the \"Odyssey\" and \"Don Quixote\". His last book, \"The Moon's Fire-Eating Daughter\" (1981), was advertised as a sequel to \"Silverlock\". Myers' non-fiction works included a history of the Alamo, the first biography of Doc Holliday, a study of the vigilante movement in San Francisco, and a well-researched biography of Hugh Glass, an early American fur trapper and frontiersman. Fiction. Fantasy.",
"\"A Silverlock Companion: The Life and Works of John Myers Myers\", edited by Fred Lerner, is a 52-page pamphlet published in 1988 () and reprinted as a book in 1989 (). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Myers as a surname has several possible origins, e.g. Old French (\"physician\"), Old English (\"mayor\"), and Old Norse (\"marsh\"). Notes and references. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname ."
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popqa | a43cd5a1-1e22-4ea4-bb03-29b154aca319 | In what city was Scott Fraser born? | Scott Fraser (orienteer) | [
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"British orienteering competitor\n! colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:#b0c4de;color:inherit;\" | Medal record\nMen's orienteering\nScott Fraser (born 25 March 1986 in Edinburgh) is an orienteering competitor from Great Britain. He received a silver medal in the \"sprint\" at the 2013 World Orienteering Championships in Vuokatti. Fraser has also won the JK overall and sprint, as well as the British Orienteering Championships middle once and the Sprint a record three times in a row. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Scott Fraser may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Brigadier Fraser Scott (9 September 1919 – 6 July 2015) was Director of Weapons for the British Army. After his retirement from the army, he founded the Defence Manufacturers' Association in 1976. He was born in Salisbury's Cathedral Close. His father was a gunnery instructor on Salisbury Plain. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Canadian politician\nScott Kenneth Fraser (born 1957 or 1958) is a Canadian politician who represented the Mid Island-Pacific Rim electoral district in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 2005 to 2020. A member of the British Columbia New Democratic Party (BC NDP), he was first elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in the 2005 election, defeating one-term Liberal Party incumbent Gillian Trumper, and re-elected in the 2009, 2013 and 2017 elections. During the 41st Parliament (2017-2020) he served in the Executive Council as the Minister of Indigenous Relations and Reconciliation. In that role he led the government through adopting the \"Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act\", with all party support, to implement the United Nations' Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). As a member of the official opposition in the 38th, 39th and 40th Parliaments he served in various critic and deputy roles at different times, such as on issues relating to community and rural development, mining, fisheries, and aboriginal issues. He introduced two private member bills: the \"Promotion of Safe Antifreeze Act, 2007\" which sought to ban ethylene glycol from antifreeze products, and the \"Cave Protection Act\" which sought to create a registry of cave sites and create legal protection for them. In both the 2011 and 2014 NDP leadership elections Fraser endorsed John Horgan. Prior to becoming an MLA, Fraser served one term (1996–1999) as mayor of Tofino, British Columbia; before that he operated a bed and breakfast.",
"After serving as mayor he worked as a manager at a shellfish farm. He also ran in the 2004 federal election as the New Democratic Party nominee in the Nanaimo—Alberni electoral district, but lost to the incumbent James Lunney of the Conservative Party. Background. Scott Fraser was born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, and attended Carleton University. In 1979 he moved to Alberta and worked on the oil rigs throughout the province and in the Arctic. He eventually moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, then, in 1992, to Tofino. With his wife and young daughter, he opened a bed and breakfast business. Only four years later, Fraser became the mayor of Tofino. He was mayor from November 1996 to November 1999, a time when tourism was over-taking logging and fishing as the town's dominant industry. Fraser was supportive of the application to the United Nations to designate Clayoquot Sound as a biosphere site; Clayoquot Sound was listed as a Biosphere Reserve in 2000. Fraser was the subject of a complaint filed at the British Columbia Ombudsman by one of his councillors, Ken Gibson. The mayor and council issued a resolution stating that Gibson had violated conflict-of-interest laws, using his position on council to influence zoning restrictions on his property. Gibson challenged the resolution at the BC Supreme Court which ruled in Gibson's favour, ordering that Gibson be re-instated as a councillor. The mayor and council voted in favour of appealing the decision but the Court of Appeal upheld the decision. Fraser was defeated in his attempt at re-election as mayor."
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"doc_chunk": "British orienteering competitor\n! colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:#b0c4de;color:inherit;\" | Medal record\nMen's orienteering\nScott Fraser (born 25 March 1986 in Edinburgh) is an orienteering competitor from Great Britain. He received a silver medal in the \"sprint\" at the 2013 World Orienteering Championships in Vuokatti. Fraser has also won the JK overall and sprint, as well as the British Orienteering Championships middle once and the Sprint a record three times in a row. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 1f04f297-3769-417d-9d9c-a0648b850ce7 | In what city was Giuseppe Castelli born? | Giuseppe Castelli (footballer) | [
"Milan",
"Milano",
"Milan, Italy",
"Milano, Italy",
"Milano, Italia",
"Mailand",
"Milan Records"
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"Italian footballer\nGiuseppe Castelli (born September 14, 1919 in Milan) was an Italian professional football player.",
"Italian athletics competitor\nGiuseppe Castelli (5 October 1907 – 19 December 1942) was an Italian athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres. Biography. He competed for Italy in the 1932 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, California, in the 4 x 100 metre relay where he won the bronze medal with his teammates Ruggero Maregatti, Gabriele Salviati and Edgardo Toetti. He was killed in action during World War II. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Castelli may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Italian footballer\nGiuseppe Albani (8 April 1921 – 7 June 1989), popularly known as Peppino, was a professional Italian football player. He was born in Cava Manara in April 1921 and died in June 1989 at the age of 68. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian footballer\nGiuseppe Marchi (2 February 1904 – 17 July 1967) was an Italian professional footballer, who played as a midfielder."
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popqa | 05d9172d-3bdb-4bd5-b8a4-051d4fca663d | In what city was Jacob Duck born? | Jacob Duck | [
"Utrecht",
"Utreg",
"Utrecht (city)"
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"Duck, duck, goose",
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"Dutch painter and etcher\nJacob Duck (also \"Ducq, Duyck, Duick, Duc\") (1600 – buried 22/28 January 1667) was a Dutch painter and etcher. Duck is thought to have been born in Utrecht. From 1611, he was trained in Utrecht to become a goldsmith, in which craft he became a master in 1619. From 1621 he took drawing lessons from Joost Cornelisz Droochsloot. He was primarily active in Utrecht, but between 1636 and 1646 also in Haarlem, while between 1656 and 1660 he lived in The Hague. In 1661 he returned to Utrecht, where he died and was buried at the monastery of St. Mary Magdalene. Duck primarily painted soldiers, figures, and everyday scenes. His works reside at many notable museums, including the Hermitage Museum. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n Media related to at Wikimedia Commons",
"Children's chasing game\nDuck, duck, goose (also called Duck, duck, gray duck or Daisy in the dell) is a traditional children's game often first learned in preschool or kindergarten. The game may be later adapted on the playground for early elementary students. The object of this game is to walk in a circle, tapping on each player's head until one is finally chosen; the chosen player must then chase the picker to avoid becoming the next picker. Basic concept. A group of players sit in a circle, facing inward, while another player, who is \"it\", walks around tapping or pointing to each player in turn, calling each a \"duck\" until finally calling one a \"goose\", which designates the chosen player as the chaser. The chaser (goose) then stands and tries to tag the chasee (it), while the chasee tries to return to and sit where the chaser had been sitting before. If the chasee (it) succeeds, the chaser (goose) becomes the chasee and the process begins again. If the chaser (goose) tags the chasee (it), the chaser (goose) may return to their previous spot and the original chasee (it) restarts the process. Variations. Kiss in the Ring or Drop Handkerchief.",
"In this version of the game, as described by the British folklorist Alice Gomme in 1894, the picker touches the shoulder of each person in the ring with a handkerchief saying \"not you\", \"not you\", until the picker reaches the desired chaser, places the handkerchief on the person's shoulder, and says \"but you\". The picker then runs around the outside of the circle pursued by the chaser. Once the chaser catches the picker, the chaser is entitled to lead the picker into the center of the ring and claim a kiss. The original picker then takes the chaser's place in the ring and the chaser becomes the picker for the next round. Gomme describes various regional variations: In Shropshire, the two players run in opposite directions and compete to be first to reach the starting point; around London, the chase weaves in and out under the clasped hands of the other people in the ring. Gomme describes Drop Handkerchief as a variant in which there is no kissing. She also connects it to similar games such as French Jackie and Cat after Mouse. Gomme suggests that \" 'Kiss in the Ring' is probably a relic of the earliest form of marriage by choice or selection. The custom of dropping or sending a glove as a signal of a challenge may have been succeeded by the handkerchief in this game.\" Daisy in the Dell. A variation described in the 1919 book, \"Entertaining Made Easy\" by Emily Rose Burt, has children standing in a circle, joining hands.",
"The daisy picker goes around the outside, saying \"Daisy in the dell, I don't pick you … I do pick you.\" Duck, Duck, Gray Duck. \"Duck, Duck, Gray Duck\" is a variation of the game played in most parts of Minnesota and some parts of Wisconsin. Instead of yelling \"goose\" to signal which player must chase the picker, the picker yells \"gray duck!\" This version of the game is trickier, as the picker must call various colors or adjectives, such as saying \"green duck, purple duck, yellow duck, gross duck, grape duck, GRAY DUCK!\" Pickers will often try to say \"gray duck\" in the same tone of voice and with the same emphasis, so that if the chosen person isn’t paying attention it will give the picker more of a head start. In some regions and variations, the caller may change the direction in which they run. This version comes from the Swedish game \"Anka anka grå anka\". Drip, Drip, Drop. \"Drip, Drip, Drop\" is another version played by children mostly in warmer climates. One player who is \"it\" goes around the circle with a container of water and \"drips\" a small amount on each person's head. They will then select someone in the circle to \"drop\" the entire container on top of them. This player will then try to tag the \"it\" before the \"it\" sits in the spot of the person who got \"dropped\" on.",
"If \"it\" is tagged then they will remain \"it\" for another round. Mush Pot. “Mush pot” is a variation that people play. It consists of a penalty for the person choosing the goose if they get caught. They sit in the middle and have a song sung while they sit out the next turn. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | d5ca5e89-912e-454a-84e8-990982dd5a12 | In what city was Parnelli Jones born? | Parnelli Jones | [
"Texarkana",
"Texarkana, Arkansas"
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"American racing driver (1933–2024)\nRufus Parnell \"Parnelli\" Jones (August 12, 1933 – June 4, 2024) was an American professional racing driver and racing team owner. He is notable for his accomplishments while competing in the Indianapolis 500 and the Baja 1000 desert race, and the Trans-Am Championship series. In 1962, he became the first driver to qualify over 150 mph (240 km/h). He won the race in 1963, then famously broke down while leading the 1967 race with three laps to go in a turbine car. During his career as an owner, he won the Indy 500 in 1970–1971 with driver Al Unser. Jones won races in many types of vehicles: sports cars, IndyCars, sprint cars, midget cars, off-road vehicles, and stock cars. Driving career. Born in Texarkana, Arkansas, Jones' family moved to Torrance, California, where he grew up (and lived in nearby Rolling Hills). He was nicknamed Parnelli by his boyhood friend Billy Calder, who hoped that the Jones family would not discover their son was racing cars as a 17-year-old minor. Jones participated in his first race in a Jalopy race at Carrell Speedway in Gardena, California. He developed his racing skills by racing in many different classes in the 1950s, including 15 stock car racing wins in the NASCAR Pacific Coast Late Model Series. His first major championship was the Midwest region Sprint car title in 1960. The title caught the attention of promoter J. C. Agajanian, who became his sponsor.",
"He began racing at Indianapolis in 1961. Jones was named the 1961 Indianapolis 500 Rookie of the Year, an honor that he shared with Bobby Marshman. Jones led early in the race and ran among the leaders until being hit in the face with a stone, bloodying his face, blurring his vision and slowing him to a 12th-place finish. In 1962, he was the first driver to qualify over 150 mph at the Indianapolis 500, winning the pole position at a speed of . Jones dominated the first two-thirds of the race until a brake line failure slowed him, and he settled for a seventh-place finish. In the 1963 Indianapolis 500, he started on the pole. This was the year the controversial Lotus-Ford rear-engined cars made their first appearance, and had ruffled the Indianapolis establishment. Before the race, the chief steward, Harlan Fengler, told the teams that he would black-flag any cars that leaked oil on the track, warning, \"Don't believe me, just try me.\" With Scotsman Jim Clark in a Lotus-Ford closing on Jones in the waning laps, Jones' car developed a horizontal crack in the external oil reservoir. At that moment, driver Eddie Sachs crashed on the oil-slickened racing surface and brought out a yellow caution flag, slowing the field. Agajanian, Jones' car owner, argued with chief steward Harlan Fengler not to issue a black flag, insisting the oil level had dropped below the level of the crack, and that the leak had stopped.",
"As Agajanian pleaded with Fengler, Lotus head man Colin Chapman rushed up to join the conversation and demanded that Fengler follow the rules about disqualifying cars with oil leaks. With the end of the race just minutes away, Fengler took no action, and Jones went on to win. The Lotus-Ford team, while unhappy with the obvious favoritism displayed by race officials toward Jones and Agajanian, also acknowledged Jones' clear superiority in the event. In addition, Ford officials recognized that a victory through disqualification of Clark's biggest competitor would not be well received by the public, so they declined to protest. Also that year, legendary vehicle fabricator Bill Stroppe built a Mercury Marauder USAC Stock car for Jones. Jones won the 1963 Pikes Peak International Hill Climb in the car, and broke the stock car speed record. In 1964, he won seven races (and tied for a win) on his way to the USAC Stock car crown. He won the Turkey Night Grand Prix midget car event. Mercury decided to pull out of stock car racing after the season. The following year, Jones almost won Indy for a second time, finishing second behind Jim Clark. He won five of the nine midget car events that he entered in 1966, including the Turkey Night Grand Prix. He finished fourteenth in the final points despite competing in only nine of 65 events. In 1967, he drove in the Indianapolis 500 for owner Andy Granatelli in the revolutionary STP-Paxton Turbocar. Jones dominated the race but dropped out with three laps to go when a small, inexpensive transmission bearing broke.",
"After 1968, turbine-powered cars were legislated out of competition. Also in 1967, as part of his stock car contract with the Lincoln-Mercury division of the Ford Motor Company, Jones drove a Mercury Cougar for Bud Moore in the second-year Trans Am series. In April, Jones dueled with teammate, friend and rival Dan Gurney in a brutal , 4-hour event at Green Valley, Texas\nin 113-degree heat, losing by inches to Gurney. Stroppe suggested that Jones try his hand at off-road racing in front of a large crowd at a Christmas party in 1967. Jones at first said no, since he had enough of dirt. Stroppe suggested that maybe off-road racing was too hard for Jones, and the challenge started Jones' off-road career. Jones and Stroppe teamed up for the Star Dust 7/11 race across the Nevada desert in early 1968. Jones had never driven or pre-run the Ford Bronco. Jones hit a dry wash at full speed, which broke the wheels and blew out the front tires. Jones would later have a guest appearance in the original film \"Gone in 60 Seconds\" featuring him and his Bronco which was stolen in the plot. Jones had become hooked on off-road racing. In 1968, Jones headed a super-roster of seven drivers signed by Andy Granatelli to drive STP Lotus 56 turbine cars in an unprecedented single-team assault on the Indianapolis 500. The deaths of Jim Clark and Mike Spence, plus a serious injury to Jackie Stewart, whittled the entry to four.",
"Jones, testing his reworked 1967 car in practice, was dissatisfied with the car's performance compared to the newer \"wedge\"-shaped Lotus 56 turbines, and had concluded the car was unsafe. He stepped out of the car, which was subsequently assigned to Joe Leonard, who promptly wrecked the car in practice. Jones retired from driving IndyCars, but later admitted, \"If I hadn't already won Indy, they could never have kept me out of that car.\" Jones entered the 1968 NORRA Mexican 1000 (now Baja 1000). Jones led until the marker. The Off-road Motorsports Hall of Fame describes Jones' racing style: \"Jones and Stroppe had to find a way to keep their vehicles in one piece. During races Jones would push the vehicles at maximum speeds until they gave way, with Stroppe telling him at top volume the entire time to take it easier on the vehicle.\" Jones had a special car fabricated by Dick Russell via Bill Stroppe that looked like a Bronco, but had racing parts that could withstand rigorous jarring that off-road vehicles endure. Jones named the vehicle \"Big Oly\" after his sponsor Olympia Beer. Jones used the vehicle to lead the 1971 Mexican 1000 from start to finish in a new record time of 14 hours and 59 minutes. It was the first off-road racing victory by an Indy 500-winning driver. In Big Oly, Jones won back-to-back Mexican NORRA 1000s, a Mint 400, a Baja 500, along with other victories."
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popqa | 7466e908-1c91-4165-9ad1-9e1f504fe8af | In what city was Fernand Cornez born? | Fernand Cornez | [
"Paris",
"City of Light",
"Paris, France"
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"Chilean footballer (1957–2022)\nMarco Antonio Cornez Bravo (15 October 1957 – 21 May 2022) was a Chilean footballer who played as a goalkeeper who for Club Deportivo Palestino, Universidad Católica, Deportes Antofagasta, Everton and Deportes Iquique, scoring 24 goals between 1975 and 1998. Cornez was an unused reserve goalkeeper for Chile at the 1982 FIFA World Cup. His international career lasted from 1982 to 1995, during which time he won 20 caps. He discovered Christiane Endler. He died on 21 May 2022 from stomach cancer that was diagnosed several months earlier. Personal life. Cornez was the biological father of Nicolás Córdova. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Fernand is a masculine given name of French origin. The feminine form is Fernande. Fernand may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"French astronomer\nFernand Baldet (16 March 1885 – 8 November 1964) was a French astronomer. He worked with Count Aymar de la Baume Pluvinel observing Mars from the newly built observatory on Pic du Midi in 1909. The resulting photographs, taken with the 0.5 metre (20 inch) reflecting Baillaud telescope, were so sharp that they were able to disprove Percival Lowell's claim of geometrical canals on the planet's surface. Baldet was the president of the Société astronomique de France (SAF), the French astronomical society, from 1939 to 1945. In 1946, Baldet and Charles Maurain jointly received the Prix Jules Janssen, the society's highest award. The crater Baldet on the Moon and the crater Baldet on Mars were named in his honour. Baldet was French pioneer of color photography working in Autochrome Lumière, Kodachrome and Agfacolor before the Second World War. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"French astronomer (1862–1921)\nFernand Courty (11 June 1862 – 12 October 1921) was a French astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets. He joined Bordeaux Observatory when it was founded in 1880 by Georges Rayet and worked as an assistant astronomer. He is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of two asteroids at Bordeaux in 1894. He also made meteorological observations. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 2df7e93b-4e8b-413b-a2a6-3aabffc28d80 | In what city was Yinka Ayenuwa born? | Yinka Ayenuwa | [
"Warri"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44084121 | 1 | {
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"Nigerian weightlifter\nYinka Ayenuwa (born 2 May 1986 in Warri) is a Nigerian weightlifter. He competed in the men's 69 kg event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where he won a silver medal. In 2015, he won 3 silver medals at the African Games. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Yínká is a unisex name in the Yoruba language. It is a contraction of \"Yímiká\" meaning \"surround me.\" It is also a diminutive form of names such as \"Adéyínká\" (crown/royalty surrounds me), \"Olayinka\" (prestige/wealth surrounds me), \"Akínyínká\" (warriors/valour surrounds me), \"Olúyínká\" (God/my lord surrounds me), etc. People named Yínká include:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Nigerian basketball player (1972-2004)\nYinka Dare (October 10, 1972 – January 9, 2004) was a Nigerian professional basketball player. A , center, he played four seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Early years. Born in Kano, Dare was discovered by Nigerian-born lawyer Lloyd Ukwu during a visit to Lagos in 1991. While Ukwu was driving, he noticed a very tall man sitting on a bench eating a bowl of food. When he asked him how tall he was, Dare said he didn't know. Dare had previously spent most of his free time playing tennis, but soon picked up basketball for the first time. High school/college career. Already in the United States, Dare played one season at Milford Academy High, a prep school in New Berlin, New York. Subsequently, he played college basketball for George Washington University, where he excelled as a player under coach Mike Jarvis, also helping revive the basketball program. As a freshman in 1992–93, he led the Colonials to the NCAA Tournament round of 16 (\"The Sweet 16\"), the furthest they had ever advanced. The next year, Dare led the team to the second round of the tournament. He finished his college career averaging 13.8 points and 10.7 rebounds per game; additionally, after just two seasons, he had become the Colonials' all-time leader in blocked shots, averaging more than two per game. Professional career.",
"Dare was selected in the first round (14th overall) of the 1994 NBA draft by the New Jersey Nets, agreeing to a six-year, US$9 million guaranteed contract. In the NBA, he would appear in 110 games in four seasons, all with the Nets; in his rookie campaign, he played for three minutes before getting injured (torn ACL) and missing the rest of the season. The Nets left him unprotected during the 1995 expansion draft, but Dare was not selected by either the Toronto Raptors or the Vancouver Grizzlies. In his first full season (1995–96), in which he played a personal best 58 out of 82 games, he turned the ball over 72 times while registering no assists, holding the dubious NBA record for most games played in a season, 58, without recording an assist. During his four-year career, he would rack up a total of four assists accompanied by 96 turnovers, while averaging 2.1 points, 2.6 rebounds, and less than 0.1 assists per game. In early 1998, Dare was traded, along with David Benoit and Kevin Edwards, to the Orlando Magic, for Brian Evans and Rony Seikaly, and was immediately waived. Subsequently, he played intermittently in other leagues including the Continental Basketball Association and United States Basketball League, until 2003. Death. Dare died in 2004, after collapsing in his home in Englewood, New Jersey. A medical examiner determined that he had suffered a heart attack due to an arrhythmia condition discovered when he was in college.",
"Lucious Harris, who joined the Nets in 1997–98, Dare's final season, said: \"It's a bad situation. I feel for his family. Just 32, to have a heart attack, that's scary. It always seemed like he was in shape. But things happen and you don't understand why.\" Kerry Kittles, who played with Dare in the latter's final two seasons with the Nets, said: \"He was a quiet guy, didn't talk that much. He worked hard—he didn't really play much, but he was a fun guy to be around. [He was] young: It makes you think... anything can happen any time. It's in the back of your mind [that] it could happen to you.\" Jarvis, who coached Dare at George Washington, told \"The Washington Post\": \"Yinka was a kind, gentle person. He was nice to my family, as respectful as anybody I've come into contact with. I don't remember him having a bad word to say about anybody; just a nice, sweet kid.\" Dare was survived by parents Gabriel and Joan, two sisters and a brother. Career statistics. NBA. Source\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 78e901ac-d5b0-41db-bdaa-96b6b303b9c9 | In what city was Phil Williams born? | Phil Williams (footballer, born 1958) | [
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"English footballer\nPhilip Williams (born 5 April 1958, Birkenhead) is an English former footballer. A product of Chester's youth policy, Williams made a solitary appearance in The Football League for the club when wearing the number nine shirt during a 0–0 draw at home to Preston North End on 11 September 1976. He did not make any further first-team appearances for Chester and later played for Cray Wanderers. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nPhilip Anthony Taylor (born 11 July 1958) is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger in the Football League for York City and Darlington, in non-League football for Woodland Rangers and Guisborough Town and was on the books of Lincoln City without making a league appearance. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nSteven Charles Williams (born 12 July 1958) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He began his playing career with Southampton in 1976. Williams joined Arsenal in 1984 and spent four years with the club. In 1988, he signed for Luton Town. He also had a spell with Exeter City before he ended his career at Derry City. During his international career, he won six caps for the England national team. Early life. Williams was born in 1958 in Romford, Essex. His parents ran a grocery shop. Williams excelled in sport at a young age, but he admitted opportunities were limited as his parents were too busy. Club career. Southampton. He started out as an apprentice with Southampton, having been a product of the Saints' London Selection Centre and joining the club straight from school. He turned professional in 1975 and made his debut aged 17 on 6 April 1976, in a 1–0 victory away to local rivals, Portsmouth in a game where Peter Osgood was dropped for disciplinary reasons. He went on to establish a partnership with Alan Ball, with Ball's short passing game being complemented by Williams' deep surges into the opposition half. After his first full season at Southampton in 1976–77, he was awarded the club's Player of the Season Award and earned recognition for England at under-21 level. In the 1978–79 season, he was an ever-present in Saints' run to the 1979 League Cup final which they lost 3–2 to Brian Clough's Nottingham Forest.",
"He succeeded Alan Ball as team captain and led The Saints to an FA Cup semi-final and to runners-up position in the 1983–84 First Division. The following season, manager Lawrie McMenemy was becoming disillusioned with Southampton, feeling that he had taken the club as far as he could and this disillusionment spread to several senior players including Williams, leading to a transfer request. In all, he played 349 times for Southampton, scoring 27 goals. Arsenal. In December 1984 Williams moved to his boyhood club Arsenal for £550,000. After making his debut in a North London derby match against Tottenham Hotspur on 1 January 1985, Williams was a regular for the remainder of the season. However, his next season, 1985–86, he suffered toe and hamstring injuries which limited his appearances in the side. By the time he had recovered, George Graham had taken over as Arsenal manager, and initially Williams thrived, playing on the right hand side of midfield, alongside a young David Rocastle. In Graham's first season, Arsenal reached the League Cup final, where they beat Liverpool, with Williams collecting his first piece of silverware. Williams continued to play throughout the next season, but after Arsenal lost to Manchester United in January 1988, Williams was dropped to allow Michael Thomas to push forward into midfield. Unable to reclaim his place in the side, Williams fell out with Graham. In all he played 121 games for Arsenal, scoring five goals. Later career.",
"In July 1988, Williams moved to Luton Town, where he spent three seasons at Luton, before finishing his career at Exeter City, where he was also assistant manager to his former Southampton colleague, Alan Ball. His eventually retired in 1993, after a brief playing spell at Derry City where he made his League of Ireland debut against Shamrock Rovers in October 1993.\nInternational career. Williams played fourteen times for England's under-21s. He also won six caps for England, his debut coming against Australia on 12 June 1983. After football. After retiring from football, he went into the magazine publishing business in Exeter. He has since gone into property development. Honours. Southampton\nArsenal\nIndividual\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 2c41e0ed-312c-42cd-b9ce-1b9dafd2f740 | In what city was James M. Bingham born? | James M. Bingham | [
"Perry",
"Town of Perry"
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"19th century American politician\nJames M. Bingham (February 3, 1828 – January 8, 1885) was an American lawyer and Republican politician. He served as the 13th lieutenant governor of Wisconsin, the 20th speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and the 13th mayor of Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. Biography. He was born in Perry, New York, in 1828, and moved to Palmyra, Wisconsin, in 1854, where he practiced law. Bingham served in the 40th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment as a major. A Republican, he served terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1863, 1864, 1869, 1870, and 1874 and was elected its speaker in 1870. He moved to Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin in 1870. In 1878 he was elected the 13th Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin under Governor William E. Smith, an office he held for two terms until 1882. He died in 1885 in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin. Legacy. His former home, now known as the Cook-Rutledge House, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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"American biologist\nPaul Montgomery Bingham (born February 25, 1951) is an American molecular biologist and evolutionary biologist, Associate Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology at Stony Brook University and Vice President for Research at Rafael Pharmaceuticals. He is known for his work in molecular biology, and has also published recent articles and a book on human evolution. Biography. Bingham received his undergraduate degree at Blackburn College in Carlinville, Illinois, and then completed his PhD in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Harvard University in 1980 (thesis advisor, Matthew Meselson) after completing an MS in Microbiology at the University of Illinois (with John W. Drake). He spent two years at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) before joining the faculty of the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and the School of Medicine at Stony Brook University in 1982. Molecular biology. He was part of a collaborative team that discovered the parasitic DNA sequence element, the P element transposon. This enabled a widely used strategy still used today for retrieving genes from animals. It also shed fundamental new light on how evolution shapes the (self-interested) individual genes that collaborate to build organisms. With his wife (Zuzana Zachar), he demonstrated that transposon insertion mutations were responsible for most of the alleles used in the development of classical genetics. He also collaborated with Carl Wu and Sarah Elgin (then at Harvard) on fundamental properties of metazoan chromatin structure.",
"In collaboration with Margaret Kidwell, then at Brown University, and Gerry Rubin, then at the Carnegie Institution, he carried out the molecular cloning of the P element transposon in Drosophila. This work revolutionized the retrieval of genes in Drosophila and subsequently contributed to progress in metazoan molecular and developmental genetics. He and his collaborators were the first to propose the use of P element transposon tagging to clone the first metazoan RNA polymerase subunit. This work demonstrated that the P element is a recently invading parasite of the Drosophila genome and gene pool. Thus, P became the first clearly defined metazoan example of this long-suspected phenomenon. His research group also worked on the nature of metazoan gene regulation and the elucidation of the first case of autoregulation of gene expression at the level of pre-mRNA splicing and of critical features of the nuclear organization of pre-mRNA processing and transport This latter work first clearly established the now-widely accepted model of channeled diffusion for the movement of most pre-mRNAs through the nuclear compartment. Bingham and Zachar discovered the first-in-class anti-cancer mitochondrial metabolism drug (CPI-613; devimistat), currently in Phase III registrational clinical trials in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia. This work is now being done in collaboration with Rafael Pharmaceuticals. Human evolutionary biology. In the mid-1990s, he developed a theory of human uniqueness that proposes a novel explanation of why humans have evolved to be ecologically dominant.",
"The theory has been published in three peer-reviewed journals: \"The Quarterly Review of Biology\", \"Evolutionary Anthropology\" and the \"Journal of Theoretical Biology\". He and co-author Joanne Souza have developed the theory further in a self-published book, \"Death from a Distance and the Birth of a Humane Universe'. This work builds on W.D. Hamilton's theory of kin selection (Benefit x Relatedness > Cost) and posits that the genus \"Homo\" evolved when an ancestral organism developed the ability to effectively manage non-kin conflicts of interests by lowering the cost of coercion between non-kin individuals (Benefit > Cost of Coercion + Cost of Cooperation). The theory, using precedents established in biological theory, proposes to explain many aspects of human social and sexual behavior. It proposed to account for the evolution of the human species from the advent of its phylogenetic branching from other hominins through physiological and behavioral adaptations until our current civilization. This theory of human uniqueness claims to answer the fundamental scientific challenge posed by Charles Darwin, to explain the descent of man: how did the 'incremental' process of evolution by natural selection suddenly produce an utterly unprecedented kind of animal, humans? It suggests an explanation of human origins, and also of human properties (from speech to political/economic/religious behavior)."
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popqa | ac3f3d38-c6a0-4fd8-ae2d-273569c8c365 | In what city was Jack Kachkar born? | Jack Kachkar | [
"Damascus",
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"Jasmine city"
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"Person convicted of financial fraud\nJack Kachkar (born February 19, 1963) is an entrepreneur and business man. Early life. Kachkar was born in Damascus, Syria, to Armenian parents (Mihran Missak Kachkar; née Kachkarian). His parents were Armenians from Syria. Kachkar immigrated from Lebanon to Canada in September 1969. He attended school and went to University of Alberta in Edmonton prior to transferring to Hungary, where he attained a medical degree, summa cum laude. Business career. In 2005, the High Court in Ireland restricted Kachkar under the Companies Act: \"Mitek Holdings Ltd\" v \"Companies Act\" [2005] IEHC 63. The order was upheld following an appeal to the Irish Supreme Court. Kachkar tried to purchase Olympique de Marseille football club in early 2007. Marseilles' boss broke off talks in March 2007 after the Canadian businessman asked for further due diligence required by his bankers to pay the €115,000,000 price for him to take over the former European champions. Court case. From 2005 to 2007, Kachkar's pharmaceutical company, Inyx, allegedly faked paperwork that convinced Westernbank, a bank in Puerto Rico, to loan him $142 million. Kachkar was convicted on Feb. 4, 2019, after a three-week trial, of eight counts of wire fraud affecting a financial institution. Jack Kachkar, 56, was sentenced by U.S. District Judge Donald L. Graham of the Southern District of Florida, who also presided over the trial in this case.",
"Judge Graham also ordered the defendant to pay $103,490,005 in restitution to the FDIC, as receiver for Westernbank. A federal court found Kachkar guilty of eight counts of wire fraud affecting a financial institution. Kachkar, a Key Biscayne, Florida resident and the former CEO and chairman of a now-bankrupt multinational pharmaceutical company, was sentenced to 30 years in prison followed by five years of supervised release yesterday for his role his role in a $100 million scheme to defraud Westernbank of Puerto Rico. The losses triggered a series of events leading to Westernbank's insolvency and ultimate collapse. According to evidence presented at trial, from 2005 to 2007, Kachkar served as chairman and CEO of Inyx Inc., a publicly traded multinational pharmaceutical manufacturing company. Beginning in early 2005, Kachkar caused Westernbank to enter into a series of loan agreements in exchange for a security interest in the assets of Inyx and its subsidiaries. Under the loan agreements, Westernbank agreed to advance money based on Inyx’s customer invoices from “actual and bona fide” sales to Inyx customers, the evidence showed. The trial evidence showed that Kachkar orchestrated a scheme to defraud Westernbank by causing numerous Inyx employees to make tens of millions of dollars worth of fake customer invoices purportedly payable by customers in the United Kingdom, Sweden and elsewhere. Kachkar caused these invoices to be presented to Westernbank as valid invoices.",
"Kachkar made false and fraudulent representations to Westernbank executives about purported and imminent repayments from lenders in the United Kingdom, Norway, Libya and elsewhere in order to lull Westernbank into continuing to lend money to Inyx, the evidence showed. In fact, these lenders had not agreed to repay Westernbank’s loan. Kachkar made false and fraudulent representations to Westernbank executives that he had additional collateral, including purported mines in Mexico and Canada worth hundreds of millions of dollars, to induce Westernbank to lend additional funds, the evidence showed. In fact, this additional collateral was worth barely a fraction of that represented by Kachkar. During the course of the scheme, Kachkar caused Westernbank to lend approximately $142 million, primarily based on false and fraudulent customer invoices. The evidence showed that the defendant diverted tens of millions of dollars for his own personal benefit, including for the purchase of, among other things, a private jet, luxury homes in Key Biscayne and Brickell, Miami, luxury cars, luxury hotel stays, and extravagant jewelry and clothing expenditures. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American pop-rap duo\nJack & Jack are an American pop-rap duo from Omaha, Nebraska, consisting of Jack Johnson and Jack Gilinsky, based in Los Angeles, California. After success via the social media app Vine, the duo turned to careers as musicians. Their 2014 single \"Wild Life\" peaked at number 87 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100. They also featured on Jonas Blue's 2018 hit single \"Rise\", which peaked at number three in the UK Singles Chart in addition to charting within the top 20 of various other European countries and Australia. Early lives and career. Jack Edward Johnson and Jack Gilinsky were born in Omaha, Nebraska. The pair met on the first day of kindergarten, both named Jack and wearing the same shirt. They remained friends throughout their elementary and high school years, graduating from Westside High School in 2014. Jack & Jack's comedy career began in 2007 with the creation of their first collaboration YouTube channel \"MotherFalconQuagmire\". The short satires included lip syncing music videos, short parodies of popular songs, and British-speaking lads. Although only made as a side hobby during free time, their videos were received by a considerable audience of hundreds; this abruptly faded not long after the pair started high school. Jack Gilinsky is Jewish, and his parents are prominent in Omaha's Jewish community. Career. 2013–15: Breakout with Vine. Jack & Jack began posting six second clips as a comedy duo on Vine during the summer of 2013.",
"Johnson had posted the first vines under his name in July 2013 including the \"I Never Miss\" series, Gilinsky later making appearances on their now growing joint account, rebranded as \"Jack and Jack\". Their breakout came with their \"Nerd Vandals\" clip going viral, praised by the \"Huffington Post\" as the perfect vine, amassing the pair 25,000 followers in a short period of time. Their vines consisted of 6 second covers of pre-existing songs, also including \"When This Song Comes On\" clips made exclusively in the car, short comedy clips featuring the couple as overconcerned parents, nerd alter-egos Eric and Winston, girls in wigs, and more. Shortly thereafter, they joined the Magcon tour, and continued to amass a following on the road touring with other Vine artists. By early 2015, they had accumulated over 5 million followers on their shared account and ranked in the top 20 most-followed Viners. Following success on Vine, Jack & Jack released two mobile app games with Omaha-based mobile games company \"SkyVu Entertainment\". Their first game, \"Let It Goat\", garnered over a million downloads within the first month.\" They developed their second game, \"Jack & Jack Vines Puzzle Game\", in December 2014. 2014–2020: Focus on music. Jack & Jack's musical pursuits began when the duo met sophomores Turner and Travis Eakins (also known as \"Barrington Park\") in 2013."
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"doc_chunk": "Person convicted of financial fraud\nJack Kachkar (born February 19, 1963) is an entrepreneur and business man. Early life. Kachkar was born in Damascus, Syria, to Armenian parents (Mihran Missak Kachkar; née Kachkarian). His parents were Armenians from Syria. Kachkar immigrated from Lebanon to Canada in September 1969. He attended school and went to University of Alberta in Edmonton prior to transferring to Hungary, where he attained a medical degree, summa cum laude. Business career. In 2005, the High Court in Ireland restricted Kachkar under the Companies Act: \"Mitek Holdings Ltd\" v \"Companies Act\" [2005] IEHC 63. The order was upheld following an appeal to the Irish Supreme Court. Kachkar tried to purchase Olympique de Marseille football club in early 2007. Marseilles' boss broke off talks in March 2007 after the Canadian businessman asked for further due diligence required by his bankers to pay the €115,000,000 price for him to take over the former European champions. Court case. From 2005 to 2007, Kachkar's pharmaceutical company, Inyx, allegedly faked paperwork that convinced Westernbank, a bank in Puerto Rico, to loan him $142 million. Kachkar was convicted on Feb. 4, 2019, after a three-week trial, of eight counts of wire fraud affecting a financial institution. Jack Kachkar, 56, was sentenced by U.S. District Judge Donald L. Graham of the Southern District of Florida, who also presided over the trial in this case.",
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popqa | 862ea239-d3e1-455a-854d-4f4f8d4e9198 | In what city was Gustavo Grondona born? | Gustavo Grondona | [
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"Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires"
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"Argentine footballer\nGustavo Grondona (born 16 June 1968 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentinian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is currently the assistant manager of Colo Colo football club from Chile. Gustavo Grondona is the son of Héctor Grodona, brother of Julio Humberto Grondona. He made his playing debut in 1989 for the club founded by his father, Arsenal de Sarandí. Unlike his father Gustavo managed to step up to play at the highest level, appearing in the Argentine Primera División for Independiente, Huracán and Deportivo Español in the 1990s. In 1998, he joined Peruvian club Universitario de Deportes where he was part of three championship winning squads between 1998 and 2000. After a short spell with Sporting Cristal in 2001, he returned to Argentina to play out his career with Arsenal during their first ever season in the Argentine Primera.",
"Grondona may refer to:\nPlaces. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Chilean footballer (born 1987)\nJaime Andrés Grondona Bobadilla (born 15 April 1987) is a former Chilean footballer who played as a striker. He is currently a coach of Kleinburg Nobleton SC. Club career. Grondona began his professional career in the Chilean Primera División with Santiago Wanderers and made his debut on April 17, 2005. He later signed with Santiago Morning in 2008. After two seasons in the country's capital, he played with O'Higgins for two seasons. In 2011, Ñublense acquired the forward for the remainder of the 2011 season. In the winter of 2011, he left Ñublense to sign with Deportes Iquique where he would make his debut in the Copa Sudamericana for the 2012 tournament. He had another run in the continental tournament in 2013 with Cobreloa. Grondona would play the 2014-15 season with San Marcos de Arica. In 2015, he joined league rivals San Luis de Quillota. Following his brief stint with San Luis, he was transferred to C.D. Cobresal in the winter of 2017. Primera B de Chile. In 2018, he began featuring in the Chilean second-tier league by initially signing with Deportes Puerto Montt. For the next season, he was transferred to his former club Deportes La Serena. After a season with La Serena, he was released in 2020. Europe. In 2020, he went abroad to sign with Atlètic d'Escaldes in Andorra's Primera Divisió.",
"His signing was recommended by former Chilean goalkeeper Guillermo Burgos, who worked in the technical staff of the club. After a season with Atlètic, he signed with league rivals Santa Coloma. In his final season in the Andorran first division, he finished as the league's top goal scorer with 15 goals. Canada. After two seasons in Europe, he joined Canadian Soccer League club Scarborough SC in the summer of 2023. He would record his first goal for Scarborough on June 11, 2023, against Weston United. Grondona would help the eastern Toronto side secure the regular season title. He would finish the campaign with 5 goals. International career. He was a member of the Chile national under-20 team that won third place at the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Canada. In the tournament's opening match, he contributed a goal which helped to defeat Canada. He would help the national team secure the group division which advanced the team to the next round. His next goal came in the quarterfinal round, where Chile defeated Nigeria by a score of 4-0. After his team's semifinal loss against Argentina in Toronto, Grondona was banned by FIFA for nine months over his behavior towards officials. The Chileans would end up finishing the tournament in third place after defeating Austria. He made five appearances and scored twice at the tournament. Coaching career. Grondona began his career coaching the Santa Coloma youth ranks. He emigrated to Canada thanks to the former footballer Pablo González and spent a year making a voluntary service to the Power Soccer Academy.",
"On 21 March 2024, Grondona joined the coaching staff of Canadian soccer club Kleinburg Nobleton SC, whose sport manager is the Canadian-Chilean Camilo Benzi. Honours. Player. Chile \nScarborough SC \nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links."
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"doc_chunk": "Argentine footballer\nGustavo Grondona (born 16 June 1968 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentinian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is currently the assistant manager of Colo Colo football club from Chile. Gustavo Grondona is the son of Héctor Grodona, brother of Julio Humberto Grondona. He made his playing debut in 1989 for the club founded by his father, Arsenal de Sarandí. Unlike his father Gustavo managed to step up to play at the highest level, appearing in the Argentine Primera División for Independiente, Huracán and Deportivo Español in the 1990s. In 1998, he joined Peruvian club Universitario de Deportes where he was part of three championship winning squads between 1998 and 2000. After a short spell with Sporting Cristal in 2001, he returned to Argentina to play out his career with Arsenal during their first ever season in the Argentine Primera.",
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popqa | c06babd1-3f46-46c9-9300-e542a7abe671 | In what city was Bastien Lecouffe-Deharme born? | Bastien Lecouffe-Deharme | [
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"French painter\nBastien Lecouffe Deharme (pseudonym: B.) is a French visual artist, illustrator, digital painter and novelist, whose work is mainly in the science-fiction, cyberpunk and dark fantasy genre. He currently lives in Portsmouth, Ohio, US. Bastien Lecouffe Deharme was born in Vannes in 1982. In the early 1980s, his family moved from Paris to Auray in Brittany, where he would spend his childhood and teenage years. In 2000, B. passed a baccalauréat in literature and art, and joined the Université de Haute Bretagne in Rennes (Brittany), where he studied art. In 2006, he passed his Master of Fine Arts with honors; it is also around that time that he began to work as an illustrator, mainly creating book covers. In 2007 he moved to Paris, where he worked as artistic director for the art gallery Le Cabinet des Curieux. There he organized the shows Eros and Thanatos, Venus Robotica and Phantasms, as a trilogy. He also worked on \"Chroniques des Ombres\" (Shadows Chronicles), an online animated graphic novel written by Pierre Bordage, as an artistic director and Lead Artist. Currently living in the United States, he continues working as a freelance artist. He creates book covers for author such as Philip K. Dick, Clive Barker, Chuck Palahniuk, H.P. Lovecraft, Frank Herbert and many more.",
"He has worked for French publishers such as Gallimard (Folio-SF), Pocket, Fleuve Noir and Mnemos among others. In April 2011, Bastien Lecouffe Deharme wrote and illustrated his first graphic-novel, Memories of Retrocity published by \"Editions du Riez\". The novel also features some texts written by Alain Damasio and Gilles Osvald, and digital paintings created by Johann Bodin and Anders Lazaret. Memories of Retrocity is acclaimed by the French critiques and is nominated for notorious awards, such as \"Le Grand Prix de l’Imaginaire\". Today Bastien Lecouffe Deharme works with international clients (Tor Books, Random House, HarperCollins, Applibot, ...). His work is represented by the agency Shannon Associates (NYC). \"Memories of Retrocity : William Drum's Diary\". B. 's first graphic novel, \"Memories of Retrocity : Le Journal de William Drum\", was released in April 2011, edited by les Editions du Riez. This 120-page book comes in the form of the diary of William Drum, a former Chicago policeman who has been exiled in a strange metropolis named Retrocity. That city has not appeared on any map since it was infected by the \"Retro-processus Virus\", in the fifties, leading the authorities to quarantine it. William Drum will attempt to unveil the Retro-processus's secret and to survive his stay in this bio-mechanical, morbid city.",
"B. illustrated and wrote the text himself. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />\nThe book features some texts by Gilles Osvald, and its \"afterword, as a final burst [which] provides an insight into Retrocity's future\", was written by Alain Damasio. The book is also accompanied by a CD containing an original soundtrack of twenty tunes that create an Industrial Music atmosphere reminiscent of the film Blade Runner and was composed by the musicians Don Quishoote, Neptunian8 and Subskan (from Ambivalence Recordz). Some pieces contain readings by Jean-Paul Dermont. Overall, the book received excellent critiques. An English translation of the book is being written, as well as a sequel.",
"French writer (1898–1980)\nLise Deharme (née Anne-Marie Hirtz; 5 May 1898 – 19 January 1980) was a French writer associated with the Surrealist movement. Biography. Deharme was born in Paris in 1898. Her father was a famous doctor. In January 1925, she visited the Paris Bureau of Surrealist Research. As a result of an incident that occurred during her visit, which is recorded in André Breton's \"Nadja\", she would become known as the \"dame au gant,\" or the Lady of the Glove. In 1927 she married Paul Deharme, the radio pioneer who worked with surrealist Robert Desnos. Using the pen name Lisa Hirtz, she published her first book: \"Il était une petite pie\" [\"There was a little magpie\"] (with 8 pochoirs by Joan Miró) in 1928. Until recently, the legacy of Lise Deharme has been told in the margins of books on Surrealism and Surrealism's father, André Breton. She is remembered as the \"first impossible mad love dreamed of by André Breton\". However, her social and political influence on Surrealism extends far beyond the novel, and beyond her influence as Breton's \"notorious muse\". In recent years, historians such as Marie-Claire Barnet, Mary Ann Caws, Renée Riese Hubert, Andréa Oberhuber, and Penelope Rosemont, have begun to un-do the \"reducing\" of Deharme to \"a failed love story\".",
"These scholars have set out to establish a more dynamic conception of Deharme's reputation. In her lifetime, she gained \"celebrity as a hostess\". Specifically, she was a prolific organizer of Surrealist salons. Man Ray once described Deharme's house, where she held her salons, as \"a rambling affair, filled with strange objects and rococo furniture\". Amidst these rambling salons, Deharme's subversive publication, Le Phare de Neuilly, emerged in 1933. Le Phare de Neuilly provided space for radical juxtapositions of works by contributors such as \"Natalie Barney, James Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, and Jacques Lacan\" and was poignantly political and subversive. As the curator of Le Phare, Deharme personally \"[blended] ethical and aesthetic issues to address the socio-political troubles of the early 1930s\". In the late 1930s, Deharme collaborated with Claude Cahun on the book Le Cœur de Pic. After publishing Le Cœur de Pic in 1937 Deharme, alternatively, came to be known in the Surrealist circle as \"la Dame de Pique\" [the Queen of Spades]. Around this time she was closely connected to André Breton, Paul Eluard, and Man Ray. She is featured posing in one of Man Ray's photographs as the Queen of Spades."
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popqa | cc5ee0c7-bb74-4930-8e9b-58b5c7ea2257 | In what city was Betty Francisco born? | Betty Francisco | [
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"American actress\nBetty Francisco (born Elizabeth Barton; September 26, 1900 – November 25, 1950) was an American silent-film actress, appearing primarily in supporting roles. Her sisters Evelyn and Margaret were also actresses. Early years. Francisco was born in Little Rock, Arkansas. As a child, she acted in stock theater companies. When she was older, she became an artists' model. Career. Francisco is credited in more than 50 films from 1920 to 1934, after which it appears she retired from motion picture acting. Her first film credit was in the 1920 film \"A Broadway Cowboy\". Selected as one of the WAMPAS Baby Stars in 1923, she nevertheless continued to be cast in secondary roles and rarely played the lead. She was often cast as the \"other woman\", as in \"Across the Continent\" (1922), \"Fair Play\" (1925), and \"The Spirit of Youth\" (1929). Her work included a wide range of genres; in 1923, for example, she was cast in the costume drama \"Ashes of Vengeance\", the contemporary melodrama \"Flaming Youth\", and the western \"Double Dealing\". She is seen in the Harry Langdon comedy \"Long Pants\" (1927). Her career continued into the sound era. She appears in some of the earliest movie musicals: \"Broadway\" (1929), \"Smiling Irish Eyes\" (1929), and Cecil B. DeMille's \"Madam Satan\" (1930). Her last film was \"Romance in the Rain\" (1934). Personal life. In 1930, Francisco married Fred Spradling, a stock broker.",
"She died at her Corona ranch on November 25, 1950, at 50 years old and was interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park cemetery in Glendale, California. Partial filmography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Betty or Bettie is a name, a common diminutive for the names Bethany and Elizabeth. In Latin America, it is also a common diminutive for the given name Beatriz, the Spanish and Portuguese form of the Latin name Beatrix and the English name Beatrice. In the 17th and 18th centuries, it was more often a diminutive of Bethia. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Betty is the third studio album by Australian-American singer Betty Who, released on 15 February 2019. The album was preceded by the singles \"Ignore Me\", \"Taste\", \"Between You & Me\", and \"I Remember\". It is Who's first studio album under the independent record label AWAL, after previously being signed to RCA Records for most of her early career. \"Betty\" has been described as a synth-pop and dance-pop album. Background and recording. On 19 January 2018, Who released \"Ignore Me\", her first single as an independent artist after parting ways with RCA Records in 2017. She felt it was a necessary step, as the sometimes lagging and slow-paced corporate nature of record labels prevented her from releasing music at the pace she wanted to. In 2018, Who released a remixed version of Widelife's \"All Things (Just Keep Getting Better)\" to be used as the theme song for season two of the Netflix reboot \"Queer Eye\". A music video was released featuring the cast of \"Queer Eye\" and Who. On 14 November 2018, \"Between You and Me\" was released as another new single. It was the first single from her then-forthcoming album that had not been previously released on the album's precursory EP. With the release of this single, Betty Who used different shades of blue and photos of herself on her social media profiles to release lyrics to the song.",
"The lyrics that were revealed were \"You've got one hand on the wheel\", \"Sitting at the red light, tensions are high, vibe you could cut with a knife\", and \"just between you & me, I can feel something here, wondering if you do too\". An Instagram post by Betty Who on the day after the release showed that the single already had 22,310 streams on Spotify, and had risen to 31,000 streams two hours later. By 12 December 2018, streams had surpassed 500,000. The music video for this song dropped on 28 November 2018, in which Betty Who plays herself as well as her own love interest. She performed \"Language\" on \"Full Frontal with Samantha Bee\" in August 2019. A music video was for \"The One\" was released on 20 February 2020. Release. \"Betty\" was released on 15 February 2019 to all major digital music stores and streaming platforms. The album saw a physical release on both CD and vinyl on 5 April 2019 and 3 May 2019, respectively. It peaked at number 24 on the US Independent Albums chart and number 86 on the Top Current Albums charts. Critical reception. \"Betty\" received generally positive reviews from critics, with \"PopMatters\" praising the album's exploration of '80s synth-pop as well as comparing it to the works of Carly Rae Jepsen, Robyn, Britney Spears and The 1975. \"Betty, Pt. 1\". Betty, Pt.1 is the fourth extended play by Australian singer Betty Who. It was released on 15 June 2018 to digital retailers."
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popqa | 3eed2e16-01c1-47e9-834c-a04244d93910 | In what city was Hans-Jörg Voigt born? | Hans-Jörg Voigt | [
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"German Lutheran bishop\nHans-Jörg Voigt (born Dresden, East Germany, 7 June 1962) is a German Lutheran bishop. He is the bishop of the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church in Germany. Bishop Voigt is married to Christiane and they have four children. Religious career. He studied Theology in Leipzig, Berlin and Oberursel. His vicarage was in Cottbus at Holy Cross Lutheran Church between 1989-1991. He witnessed at this time the reunification of Germany. He was ordained a Lutheran minister on 15 December 1991 in Cottbus. His parish was in St. Otto von Bamberg Lutheran Church in Greifswald from 1991 to 2006. Voigt was superintendent (regional bishop) of the Berlin-Brandenburg church district from 2003 to 2006. On 11 February 2006, the synod of the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church elected him as bishop. The installation divine service was in St. John's Church on 24 June 2006 in Hannover. Since 20 September 2012 Bishop Voigt has been the regular chairman of the International Lutheran Council. Bishop Voigt works in the editorial of the monthly magazine \"Lutheran Church\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Hans Voigt (21 February 1896 – 26 April 1969) was a highly decorated Generalmajor in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. Citations. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nBibliography. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />",
"German footballer\nHans Jörg (born 4 November 1950) is a retired German football player. He spent one season in the Bundesliga with FC Bayern Munich. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German astronomer\nHans-Heinrich Voigt (18 April 1921 – 17 November 2017) was a German astronomer and director of the Göttingen Observatory. Voigt was ordinary professor of astronomy at the University of Göttingen and directed the Göttingen Observatory from 1963 to 1986, when he retired. He was a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and its president from 1978 to 1979. In 1993 he received the Carl Friedrich Gauss Medal. He died on 17 November 2017 at the age of 96 in Göttingen. In 1988 an asteroid was named 4378 Voigt after him. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German scientist (born 1944)\nHans-Jörg Bullinger ( FREng, born April 13, 1944, in Stuttgart) is a German scientist and former president of the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. The mechanical engineer with a doctoral degree was the Director of the Fraunhofer IAO (since its foundation), besides he is also Professor of Industrial Science and Technology Management at the University of Stuttgart. From 2002 to 2012 he was the President of the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. He is also a member of the Scientific Board of AutoUni Wolfsburg. In 1991, Bullinger was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Novi Sad. From 1963 till 1966 he attended the Technische Oberschule in Stuttgart and passed the Abitur with a second-chance education. Awards/Titles. Bullinger is a member of acatech, the German academy of science and engineering. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | c74dc0db-77c7-4988-9134-2c4372a4021b | In what city was Charlie Davis born? | Charlie Davis (basketball) | [
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"American basketball player\nCharles Lawrence Davis (born September 7, 1949) is best known for being an outstanding college basketball player for Wake Forest University (WFU). From New York City, he was the second African American player in Wake Forest's history. Davis was the 1971 Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) Men's Basketball Player of the Year, and the first black player to win the award. Davis garnered first-team All-ACC honors for three years in a row, and was an eighth-round NBA draft pick (120th overall) by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 1971.",
"West Indian cricketer\nCharles Allan Davis (born 1 January 1944) is a former West Indian cricketer who played in fifteen Test matches between 1968 and 1973. Davis started his first-class cricket career at the age of 17, playing for Trinidad and Tobago. After a good Shell Shield season in 1968 Davis was selected for the West Indies. The highlight of his career was a home series against India, in which he scored 529 runs in four Tests at the average of 132.25. He was also a useful bowler, taking 63 wickets at first-class level. His Test career ended while the West Indies were in transition, and the arrival of newer players accounted for any place for Davis in the side. Career. Born 1 January 1944, Belmont, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, Davis was part of the West Indies squad that toured Australia between November 1968 and February 1969. The West Indies had dominated Test cricket for most of the decade, but at this stage the team contained many ageing stars and encountered an Australian team on the rise. Davis was one of the younger players in the touring party, and made his Test debut at the age of 24. Australia won the five-match series 3–1. After they lost the first Test, the West Indies made three changes to their team by bringing in three debutants: Davis, Roy Fredericks, and Prof Edwards. Davis batted down the order (after the sixth wicket in the first innings, and one place lower in the second, coming in after the fall of the seventh wicket) and made scores of 18 and 10.",
"By inflicting an innings defeat on the West Indies, Australia batted just once in the match. Davis bowled 24 overs, conceding 94 runs while taking the wicket of opening batsman Bill Lawry. It was the only Test Davis played on the tour. Davis' next taste of Test cricket was during the West Indies tour of England in 1969. In the meantime the West Indies had drawn a series with New Zealand and the team had undergone significant changes in personnel. Only five of the sixteen touring West Indians had played in England before. On his return to the team in the opening Test, Davis batted much higher than he had on debut and in both innings came in after the fall of the second wicket, scoring 34 and 24. Davis registered his maiden Test century in the second Test and was the only one scored by a West Indian during the tour. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nCharles F. Davis (1904 – q1 1967) was an English professional footballer who played as a half-back in the Football League for Torquay United, York City and Mansfield Town and in non-League football for Bath City and Glastonbury. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American baseball player\nCharlie Davis (March 15, 1927 − March 17, 2016) was a baseball player for the Negro leagues. He was scouted by Buck O'Neil to play for the Birmingham Black Barons but was traded to the Memphis Red Sox where he played his career from 1950 to 1955. He earned the name \"whip\" from Charlie Pride. Davis played in the 1953 East-West All Star Game, relieving Satchel Paige He later managed the Rockdale Rawhides. In 2008, he was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in a special MLB draft for former Negro league baseball players. He died March 17, 2016, leaving behind three daughters, and seven grandchildren. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "American basketball player\nCharles Lawrence Davis (born September 7, 1949) is best known for being an outstanding college basketball player for Wake Forest University (WFU). From New York City, he was the second African American player in Wake Forest's history. Davis was the 1971 Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) Men's Basketball Player of the Year, and the first black player to win the award. Davis garnered first-team All-ACC honors for three years in a row, and was an eighth-round NBA draft pick (120th overall) by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 1971.",
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popqa | 0735a70f-90c7-40f6-9a3e-79904f20465e | In what city was Marnus Labuschagne born? | Marnus Labuschagne | [
"Klerksdorp"
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"Australian cricketer\nMarnus Labuschagne ( or ; born 22 June 1994) is an Australian professional international cricketer who plays domestically for Queensland, Glamorgan in county cricket and for Brisbane Heat in the Big Bash League. Labuschagne has been ranked as high as no.1 in the ICC Test batting rankings, and is considered as one of the best Test batsmen in the world. Labuschagne was a member of the Australian team that won the 2023 ICC World Test Championship final and the 2023 ICC Cricket World Cup. Labuschagne was born in Klerksdorp, North West Province, South Africa. He represented Queensland at various levels in junior cricket, before making his first-class cricket debut in 2014. In August 2019, Labuschagne was the first cricketer to become a concussion substitute in a Test match, replacing Steve Smith. Labuschagne was the leading run-scorer in Test matches in 2019. He rose to fourth place in the ICC Player Rankings during the year, a rise of 106 places. In January 2020, Labuschagne was named as the ICC Men's Emerging Cricketer of the Year by the International Cricket Council (ICC), in February as Australia's Test player of the year, and in April as one of the five Cricketers of the Year by \"Wisden Cricketers' Almanack\". Early life. Labuschagne was born in Klerksdorp, in South Africa's North West province, to South African parents.",
"His family emigrated to Australia in 2004 when he was 10, after his father gained work in the mining industry, and Labuschagne attended school at Brisbane State High School. He grew up speaking Afrikaans, and only became fluent in English after moving to Australia. In 2021, he revealed that in November 2010, he worked at The Gabba, Brisbane, as a Hot Spot infrared camera operator for Channel 9, and witnessed Peter Siddle's hat-trick during the 2010–11 Ashes series, on Siddle's 26th birthday. Domestic career. A right-handed batsman, Labuschagne played for Queensland at under-12, under-15, under-17, and under-19 level, and captained the side at the 2012–13 National Championships. In Brisbane Grade Cricket, he plays for Easts-Redlands District Cricket Club. He spent 2013 playing club cricket in England for Plymouth in the Devon Premier League and played for Sandwich Town Cricket Club in the Kent Premier League in 2014, scoring prolifically for both sides. After playing just once for Queensland Academy, Labuschagne made his first-class cricket debut in the first round of the 2014–15 Sheffield Shield season against South Australia at the Adelaide Oval. Opening the batting with Joe Burns, he scored 83 runs in Queensland's first innings, featuring in a 99-run fourth-wicket partnership with Nick Stevens. Later in the 2014–15 season, Labuschagne was used as a substitute fielder for the Australian national side in the second Test against India at the Gabba, taking a low catch at short leg.",
"Labuschagne made his List A debut for Queensland in the 2015 One-Day Cup in October 2015 and scored his maiden first-class century in the following month, making 112 runs in his eighth Sheffield Shield match. He scored 273 runs at a batting average of 45 in the 2016 One-Day Cup and was named player of the tournament. In September 2017, during a 2017 One-Day Cup match between Queensland and Cricket Australia XI, he became the first fielder to be penalised under the newly introduced Law designed to stop fielders deceiving batsmen. Labuschagne dived to field a ball in the covers, and although he failed to stop the ball he feigned throwing to the wicket-keeper. His team was penalised five runs. After being Queensland's leading run-scorer in the 2017–18 Sheffield Shield, Cricket Australia named him in their Sheffield Shield team of the season. County cricket. In April 2019, Labuschagne signed for Glamorgan County Cricket Club for the 2019 English cricket season. He made 1,114 runs in his first County Championship season, including three centuries in his first four first-class matches - one of which was a then career-best 182 against Sussex in a Glamorgan record second-wicket partnership of 291. He was the second-highest scorer in the Second Division of the County Championship, despite only playing in ten matches, and topped Glamorgan's batting averages with an average of 61.89 runs per innings. He also took 19 wickets with a bowling average of 38.11.",
"In November 2019, he re-signed for Glamorgan for the next two seasons following his performances in the 2019 Ashes. In June 2020, Labuschagne's contract was extended for an extra season following the disruption of the 2020 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic. International career. Tour of UAE against Pakistan 2018–19. In September 2018, he was named in Australia's Test squad for their series against Pakistan. He made his Test debut for Australia against Pakistan on 7 October 2018, scoring a two-ball duck in his first innings and 13 runs in his second. He also took two wickets on debut. He had his baggy green cap presented by Michael Hussey. In the second Test, he took another five wickets and made scores of 25 and 43, top scoring in Australia's second innings. India and Sri Lanka in Australia 2018–19. Marnus was named in the Australian One Day International squad in December 2018 ahead of the team's tour of India the following year before he was surprisingly added to the Australian Test squad for the fourth Test match against the touring Indians at the start of the year. He was selected to bat at number three in the batting order, a decision which was \"heavily criticised\" at the time. He scored 38 runs in his only innings and was retained in the side for the two Tests against Sri Lanka at the end of the summer. Ashes in England 2019. After showing good early season form for Glamorgan in county cricket, he was named in Australia's squad for the 2019 Ashes series in England.",
"On 18 August 2019, Labuschagne replaced Steve Smith on day five of the second Test, after Smith suffered a concussion on the previous day – becoming the first player to be concussion substitute in a Test match following a change in the International Cricket Council's (ICC) regulations. Players substituted in this way are intended to be a \"like for like\" replacement, a role he \"took very seriously\". He went on to score 59 runs, the highest in the Australian second innings, and was selected for the third Test in Smith's absence, top-scoring in both Australian innings, batting in a style which was described as \"exceptionally doughty, brave and intelligent batting\". After England were bowled out for 67 in their first innings, Labuschagne became the fifth batsman in Test history to make two scores in a match higher than the total scored by the opposing team in one of their innings. Pakistan and New Zealand in Australia 2019–20. Labuschagne retained his place in the Australian side for the visit of Pakistan the following summer, scoring 185, his maiden Test century, at the Gabba. He scored another century in the second Test before scoring a third in the first Test against New Zealand in December. Having made three consecutive centuries, he made half-centuries in his next two innings before starting 2020 by making his first double-century in the third Test against New Zealand at the SCG, scoring 215 runs. He finished 2019 as the year's highest Test match run-scorer, having made 975 of his 1,104 Test runs in the year after his appearance as a concussion substitute in August."
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"doc_chunk": "Australian cricketer\nMarnus Labuschagne ( or ; born 22 June 1994) is an Australian professional international cricketer who plays domestically for Queensland, Glamorgan in county cricket and for Brisbane Heat in the Big Bash League. Labuschagne has been ranked as high as no.1 in the ICC Test batting rankings, and is considered as one of the best Test batsmen in the world. Labuschagne was a member of the Australian team that won the 2023 ICC World Test Championship final and the 2023 ICC Cricket World Cup. Labuschagne was born in Klerksdorp, North West Province, South Africa. He represented Queensland at various levels in junior cricket, before making his first-class cricket debut in 2014. In August 2019, Labuschagne was the first cricketer to become a concussion substitute in a Test match, replacing Steve Smith. Labuschagne was the leading run-scorer in Test matches in 2019. He rose to fourth place in the ICC Player Rankings during the year, a rise of 106 places. In January 2020, Labuschagne was named as the ICC Men's Emerging Cricketer of the Year by the International Cricket Council (ICC), in February as Australia's Test player of the year, and in April as one of the five Cricketers of the Year by \"Wisden Cricketers' Almanack\". Early life. Labuschagne was born in Klerksdorp, in South Africa's North West province, to South African parents.",
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popqa | b4560cec-dcf9-47ff-9372-b78bb6b5eedc | In what city was Leslie Douglas Jackson born? | Leslie Douglas Jackson | [
"Brisbane",
"Brisbane, Queensland"
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"Australian World War II flying ace\nLeslie Douglas (Les) Jackson, DFC & Bar (24 February 1917 – 17 February 1980) was an Australian fighter ace of World War II, credited with five aerial victories. Born in Brisbane, he was a businessman when he joined the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Reserve in 1937. Called up for active duty shortly after the outbreak of war in September 1939, he served with No. 23 Squadron in Australia before posting to the South West Pacific theatre with No. 21 Squadron in Singapore. In March 1942 he joined No. 75 Squadron in Port Moresby, New Guinea, flying P-40 Kittyhawks under the command of his eldest brother, John. During the ensuing Battle of Port Moresby, Les shot down four Japanese aircraft. Jackson took over command of No. 75 Squadron after his brother was killed in action on 28 April 1942, leading it in the Battle of Milne Bay later that year. Credited with a fifth aerial victory, he became the RAAF's first ace in the New Guinea campaign, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC). By 1944, Jackson was wing leader of No. 78 (Fighter) Wing in Western New Guinea, gaining promotion to wing commander in September that year. Awarded a bar to his DFC in March 1945, he served as chief flying instructor at No. 8 Operational Training Unit in Australia, and saw out the war as commander of Air Defence Headquarters, Madang. After leaving the RAAF in 1946, Jackson returned to the business world, running two garages. He died in Southport, Queensland, in 1980. Early career.",
"Les Jackson was born on 24 February 1917 in the Brisbane suburb of Newmarket, Queensland, the fourth son of businessman William Jackson and his wife Edith. His first job following education at Brisbane Grammar School was as an accountant in the family firm of J. Jackson & Co. Pty Ltd. He then set up his own business running a service station and garage in Surat, a rural area south-west of Brisbane. In February 1935, Jackson enlisted in the 2nd/14th Light Horse Regiment, a Queensland-based Militia unit. Jackson followed his eldest brother, John, into the Royal Australian Air Force Reserve, known as the Citizen Air Force, in July 1937. With the outbreak of World War II, Les was called up for active duty in the RAAF on 6 November 1939. He learnt to fly as an air cadet at RAAF Station Point Cook, Victoria. Graduating as a pilot in February 1940, he served initially with No. 23 Squadron at Archerfield, Queensland. In July 1941, he was posted to the South West Pacific theatre with No. 21 Squadron in Singapore. Initially operating CAC Wirraways, the unit converted to Brewster Buffalos in September that year. Combat service. Port Moresby. Completing his service with No. 21 Squadron in November 1941, Jackson was again posted to No. 23 Squadron in Australia. In March 1942, he joined No. 75 Squadron in New Guinea as a flight lieutenant, under the command of his brother, known as \"Old John\".",
"Operating P-40 Kittyhawks, the unit quickly became engaged in the defence of Port Moresby, one of the crucial early battles in the New Guinea campaign. As one of No. 75 Squadron's flight commanders, Jackson took part in a surprise raid against Lae airfield on 22 March. Five Kittyhawks led by John Jackson attacked and destroyed a dozen Japanese planes on the ground, while four others including Les provided protective cover above; he survived an encounter with three Mitsubishi Zeros that saw two of his fellow pilots shot down. Two days later he recorded his first aerial victory when he intercepted and destroyed a Zero escorting a force of bombers towards Port Moresby. On 6 April, Jackson was forced to ditch his aircraft on a coral reef, but made it to shore with the aid of a life jacket that his brother John dropped to him. In the following weeks, Les accounted for another three Japanese aircraft shot down. On 5 April, he was attacked from behind by a Zero while firing on bombers front-on, but was able to turn the tables on the Japanese fighter and shoot it down in flames. The next day he went head to head with more Zeros, damaging two before being forced to ditch on a reef with a smoking engine; once down he scrambled out of the cockpit and danced on the wing to let his comrades know he was safe. Jackson shot down his third victim on 17 April. He achieved his fourth victory against another Zero on 24 April, to become the highest Australian scorer in the Battle of Port Moresby.",
"On 28 April, John Jackson was shot down and killed while leading the interception of a Japanese raid; Les took over command of No. 75 Squadron the next day. On 30 April, the squadron was recalled to Australia to refit and regroup; Jackson flew one of its last remaining serviceable aircraft to Cairns, Queensland, on 9 May. Milne Bay and after. Following re-equipment in Australia, Jackson led No. 75 Squadron back to New Guinea, arriving at Milne Bay on 25 July 1942 in company with another Kittyhawk unit, No. 76 Squadron. During the Battle of Milne Bay, Jackson's squadron was engaged in air defence against Japanese raiders and offensive strikes against convoys and other targets in support of Australian ground forces. On 25 August, the Kittyhawks launched an attack on enemy barges at Goodenough Island that resulted in all seven vessels being set on fire without the loss of any aircraft. The next day, Jackson personally led two of his unit's five concerted strafing assaults on the main Japanese convoy approaching Milne Bay. On 27 August, he and a fellow pilot each claimed a Zero; the Japanese fighters had been focussing on machine-gunning one of their own aircraft that had crash-landed following combat with a USAAF B-26 Marauder, presumably to prevent it falling into Allied hands, and were 'bounced' by the Australian pilots. His victory made Jackson an ace, the first from the RAAF in New Guinea. By 28 August, Japanese troops were threatening to overrun the RAAF airfield at Milne Bay, and the Kittyhawk squadrons were ordered to withdraw to Port Moresby for one night.",
"Returning to Milne Bay the next day, Jackson's plane developed trouble and he had to ditch on the coast; with the help of New Guinea natives, he reached Port Moresby by boat three days later. By 7 September the Japanese had withdrawn their troops from the Milne Bay area; Generals Sydney Rowell and Cyril Clowes both described the efforts of Nos. 75 and 76 Squadrons as \"the decisive factor\" in repulsing the invading forces. No. 75 Squadron was redeployed to Horn Island, Queensland, in September 1942, and Jackson handed over command to Squadron Leader John Meehan the following January. In recognition of his \"courage and leadership\" in New Guinea, Jackson was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC), which was promulgated in the \"London Gazette\" on 26 March 1943. Having served in staff positions in Australia during the year, he was appointed wing leader of No. 78 (Fighter) Wing, a component of the newly formed No. 10 Operational Group, in December 1943. The wing participated in Operations Reckless and Persecution, the assault on Hollandia and Aitape that opened the Western New Guinea campaign, in April 1944. This was followed by the attack on Noemfoor, commencing in June. Jackson was promoted to acting wing commander in September 1944. Completing his tour with No. 78 Wing in December, he was posted to No. 8 Operational Training Unit, New South Wales, as chief flying instructor. In March 1945, Jackson was awarded a bar to his DFC for \"determined and successful attacks on enemy installations and shipping\"."
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"doc_chunk": "Australian World War II flying ace\nLeslie Douglas (Les) Jackson, DFC & Bar (24 February 1917 – 17 February 1980) was an Australian fighter ace of World War II, credited with five aerial victories. Born in Brisbane, he was a businessman when he joined the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Reserve in 1937. Called up for active duty shortly after the outbreak of war in September 1939, he served with No. 23 Squadron in Australia before posting to the South West Pacific theatre with No. 21 Squadron in Singapore. In March 1942 he joined No. 75 Squadron in Port Moresby, New Guinea, flying P-40 Kittyhawks under the command of his eldest brother, John. During the ensuing Battle of Port Moresby, Les shot down four Japanese aircraft. Jackson took over command of No. 75 Squadron after his brother was killed in action on 28 April 1942, leading it in the Battle of Milne Bay later that year. Credited with a fifth aerial victory, he became the RAAF's first ace in the New Guinea campaign, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC). By 1944, Jackson was wing leader of No. 78 (Fighter) Wing in Western New Guinea, gaining promotion to wing commander in September that year. Awarded a bar to his DFC in March 1945, he served as chief flying instructor at No. 8 Operational Training Unit in Australia, and saw out the war as commander of Air Defence Headquarters, Madang. After leaving the RAAF in 1946, Jackson returned to the business world, running two garages. He died in Southport, Queensland, in 1980. Early career.",
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popqa | e606a81b-ba46-421b-b4e8-f65d3e8c902b | In what city was Ricardo Maliandi born? | Ricardo Maliandi | [
"La Plata"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27566165 | 1 | {
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"Ricardo Guillermo Maliandi (born in La Plata, 1930, died 12 February 2015) Argentine writer and philosopher, devoted to ethics. He was professor in many Argentine universities and researcher in CONICET. Doctor in Philosophy for Mainz University, Germany. He received Konex Prize in 1986 for his labor on ethics. As well he is chairman of Argentine Association of Ethical Researches, fellow of National Academy of Sciences and honorary member of Argentine Association of Bioethics. His researches started on axiology, especially the works of Nicolai Hartmann, from who he has translated many books. Afterward he made an approach to Discourse Ethics and became friend of one of his founders, Karl-Otto Apel. From many years he works in an original propose which he call \"ethics of convergence\". Ethics of convergence. From the beginning of his philosophical career Ricardo Maliandi has researched on material ethics of values, especially Nicolai Hartmann's approach (see Maliandi's doctoral thesis, Mainz University, \"Wertobjektivität und Realitätserfahrung\"). Two problems were always under his attention in ethics: foundation and conflicti. He was convinced the intuitionism of axiological ethics is not enough for a rigorous foundation, but aware as well of the very suggestions of Hartmann analysis on conflictive relations among values, ethical thinking of Maliandi develops as a pursuit of an ethical foundation non-intuitionist, that recognizes conflicts. Sometimes, this research was close to Philosophical Anthropology (see \"Cultura y conflicto\").",
"In his newest works are very important transcendental pragmatics and Discourse Ethics of Karl-Otto Apel. They both offer a new aprioristic foundation, but different of the intuitionist. Maliandi introduces, as a programmatic propose, an approaching between Harmtann's and Apel's ethics, in the sense of the conflictive structure of \"ethos\" (emphasized by Hartmann) and a pragmatic-trascendental reflexive foundation (held by Apel) (see, \"Transformación y síntesis\"). The aprioristic axis that, despite multiple differences of these approaches, linked these two philosophers, allows Maliandi to make a defense of universalism against the unilateral stressing of difference, as appeared in actual irrational trends (see \"Dejar la posmodernidad. La ética frente al irracionalismo actual\"). This effort is complemented with the development of a theory of reason and stresses its \"bidimensionality\" (foundation and critique) and its \"dialogicity\" (the fact that reason only works as dialogical communication as it is exposed in \"Volver a la razón\"). Maliandi's ethical conception can be summarized, as he proposed, as \"ethics of convergence\", he continues working on this topic. (See \"La ética cuestionada.. Prolegómenos para una ética convergente\", 1998.",
"\"Ética: dilemas y convergencias\", 2006, \"Teoría y praxis de los principios bioéticos\" –with Oscar Thüer—Buenos Aires, UNLa, 2008 ). “Convergence” is understood as:\n1) an approaching between material ethics of values and discourse ethics, and as a result, between the admission of the inevitability of conflicts and a propose for strong foundation, a priori (conjunction of that “a priori of conflictivity” derives from). 2) a basic feature of an ethics that recognizes a plurality of principles, but as well, at the same time, demands to maximize harmony between them. Homages. Cristina Ambrosini (editor) \"Ética. Convergencias y divergencias\". Homenaje a Ricardo Maliandi, Remedios de Escalada, Ediciones de la UNLa, 2009, 443 pp., . Michelini, Dorando; José San Martín y Jutta Wester (editores) \"Ética, discurso, conflictividad\". Homenaje a Ricardo Maliandi, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Argentina, 1995, . References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Argentine writer and theatre director\nCarla Maliandi is an Argentine writer and theatre director. Career. Maliandi's first novel \"The German Room\" was published to widespread acclaim and has been translated into English, French and German. She is also active on the Buenos Aires theatre scene, where she has written and/or directed a number of plays. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ricardo is the Spanish and Portuguese cognate of the name Richard. It derived from Proto-Germanic \"*rīks\" 'king, ruler' + \"*harduz\" 'hard, brave'. It may be a given name, or a surname. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name."
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