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popqa | f6c2af2a-5370-4187-aef9-b3ae7062888d | In what city was Alfred Jefferis Turner born? | Alfred Jefferis Turner | [
"Guangzhou",
"Canton",
"Kwangchow",
"Kwongchow"
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"Australian pediatrician and entomologist\nAlfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861, in Canton – 29 December 1947, in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895. He resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane, and was known by the nickname \"Gentle Annie\". The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich. Medical career. Turner studied medicine at University College London graduating with first class honours. He emigrated to Australia in 1888 and the next year became first medical officer of the Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane (then known as the Hospital for Sick Children). Turner's clinical research and influence helped to reduce the number of children's deaths in Queensland. He contributed in the areas of diphtheria antitoxin, hookworm-induced anaemia, lead poisoning, children's milk supply quality improvement, health education for expectant and nursing mothers and antenatal clinic establishment in Queensland. Turner played a pivotal role in combating the bubonic plague epidemic of 1900 and in making the notification of tuberculosis compulsory in 1904. Due to his mild manner and love of children, he acquired the nickname of \"Gentle Annie\". Entomological activity.",
"Turner was an amateur entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera and left a collection of over 50,000 moth specimens to the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Canberra. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons",
"Alfred Turner may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Jefferis may refer to:\nPlaces. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Alfred Turner (28 May 1874 – 18 March 1940) was an English sculptor notable for several large public monuments. These included statues of Queen Victoria, works in the Fishmonger's Hall in London and several war memorials, both in the Britiah Isles and abroad. Among other institutions, Turner studied at the Royal Academy, where he exhibited and was a member. He was also a member and fellow of the Royal Society of British Sculptors. His daughter was also a distinguished sculptor. Biography. Turner was born in London on 28 May 1874, the son of sculptor C.E. Halsey-Turner. In 1899 he married Charlotte Ann Gavin and they had two daughters. One daughter, Winifred, became a distinguished sculptor. He first studied at, what was then called, the South London Technical Art School in Lambeth at a time when William Silver Frith was the modelling master. He then studied at Royal Academy Schools, having enrolled in 1895. He was there for three years during which time he was awarded in 1897 both the gold medal and travelling scholarship, worth £200. He studied for a period on the Continent and worked as an assistant in the studio of Harry Bates. Turner taught sculpture at the Central School of Arts and Crafts in Southampton Row, Holborn in 1907. Turner exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1898 to 1937, became an Associate in 1922 and a full member in 1931. He was one of the early members of the Royal Society of British Sculptors and was a Fellow of that Society from 1923 until 1940. He died in London on 18 March 1940."
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popqa | d01d1064-692d-4d9e-8fa8-dcd6b8b6f78e | In what city was Ernest Willows born? | Ernest Willows | [
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"Cardiff, Wales"
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"Welsh aviator (1886–1926)\nErnest Thompson Willows (1886–1926) was a pioneer Welsh aviator and airship builder. He became the first person in the United Kingdom to hold a pilot's certificate for an airship when the Royal Aero Club awarded him \"Airship Pilots Certificate No. 1\". Early life. Willows was born in Cardiff, Wales on 11 July 1886. His parents were Joseph Thompson Willows (1859-1931) and Evelina \"Eva\" Louisa Willows, née Garrett (1858-1953). Both English-born, Willows' father was a dental surgeon born in Hull, and his mother was born in Bath. Ernest's mother, Eva, previously worked as a music teacher before marrying in 1885 and starting a family. Willows had two sisters: Doris May (1895-1961) and Daisy, the latter of whom was born in 1888 and died at about 2 months of age. Willows was educated at Clifton College in Bristol, entering the school in 1896 and leaving in 1901, aged 15, to train as a dentist like his father. Aviation career. Willows, however, had different plans for his career. He built his first airship, the Willows No. 1, in 1905 when he was 19. It was first flown from East Moors, Cardiff on 5 August 1905, the flight lasting 85 minutes. This was soon followed by an improved \"Willows No. 2\", in which he landed outside Cardiff City Hall on 4 June 1910. No. 2 was re-built as No.",
"3 which he named the \"City of Cardiff\" before he flew it from London to Paris in 1910. This was the first airship crossing of the English Channel at night and the first from England to France. The journey was not without incident, including dropping the maps over the side during the night, and problems with the envelope caused the airship to land at Corbehem near Douai at two o'clock in the morning. With the help of the local French aviator Louis Breguet the airship was repaired and arrived at Paris on 28 December 1910. He celebrated New Year's Eve with a flight around the Eiffel Tower. Willows moved to Birmingham to build his next airship, the \"Willows No. 4\". First flown in 1912, it was sold to the Admiralty for £1,050 and it became His Majesty's Naval Airship No. 2. With the money from the Navy, Willows established a spherical gas balloon school at Welsh Harp, Hendon near London. Although, this did not stop him building \"Willows No. 5\" in 1913. This airship was a four-seater designed to give joy rides over London. Death. During the first World War, Willows built kite or barrage balloons in Cardiff. After the war, he continued with ballooning. On 3 August 1926, he died in a balloon accident at Hoo Park, Kempston, Bedford. Willows was killed instantly, along with a passenger. Three other passengers died later that day either in hospital or on their way, making five deaths in all. Legacy.",
"There is a school named Willows High School built on his old airfield to remember him. There is also a pub called The Ernest Willows which is situated not far from the school.",
"Willows Gemfields is a rural town in the locality of Willows in the Central Highlands Region of Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the town of Willows Gemfields had a population of 101 people. Sapphires are mined around the town. History. The town was named on 1 October 1979. Demographics. In the 2011 census, the town of Willows Gemfields had a population of 108 people. In the 2016 census, the town of Willows Gemfields had a population of 114 people. In the 2021 census, the town of Willows Gemfields had a population of 101 people. Education. There are no schools in Willows Gemfields. The nearest primary school is Anakie State School in Anakie to the north-east. The nearest secondary school is Emerald State High School in Emerald to the east. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English cricketer\nAlan Willows (born 24 April 1961) is an English former cricketer. Willows was a right-handed opening batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. Willows made his first-class debut for Sussex in 1980 against Hampshire. From 1980 to 1983, he played infrequently for Sussex, playing 5 first-class matches for the county. Willows played his final first-class match against Worcestershire in the 1983 County Championship. Willows made his debut for Dorset in the 1990 Minor Counties Championship against Wiltshire. He represented Dorset in 51 Minor Counties Championship matches from 1990 to 1997, with his final Minor Counties match for Dorset coming against Cheshire. In 1991, he made his List-A debut for Dorset against Lancashire in the 1st round of the 1991 NatWest Trophy. Willows represented Dorset in 4 List-A matches from 1991 to 1995, with his final List-A match for the county coming against Glamorgan in the 1st round of the 1995 NatWest Trophy. Willows was head coach of Dorset County Cricket Club from 2009 until 2016. Dorset won the Minor County Championship in 2012. He is currently Head of Cricket at South African College School (SACS) in Cape Town. He is married to Mardeen and they have two children."
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popqa | 275f5228-7d5b-46f6-9f24-35680eaf3acd | In what city was Andranik Migranyan born? | Andranik Migranyan | [
"Yerevan",
"Erivan",
"Erevan",
"The Pink City",
"Irevan",
"Iravan"
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"Armenian-born Russian political sicentist (born 1949)\nAndranik Migranyan (; ; born 10 February 1949 in Yerevan, Armenia) is an Armenian-born Russian political scientist, who works as a professor at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations. Academy. He holds a PhD degree (1978) from the Institute of International Labor Movement, Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Andranik Migranyan has been a visiting fellow at Harriman Institute, Columbia University; San Diego State University. He is an author of a number of articles, books, hundreds of publications. Advisor. During the 1990s he was an advisor to Boris Yeltsin. From 1993 till 2000 he was a Member of the Presidential Council of the Russian Federation. In 1994 served as Chief Advisor to the Committee on CIS Problems in the Russian Parliament (Duma). From 2008 to 2015 he was the director of the Institute for Democracy and Cooperation, New York, founded in 2007. Views. In 2011, during the Libyan Civil War he said that there was a chance that Muammar Gaddafi will be imprisoned rather than sent out of the country like it happened in Egypt. In 2014, he argued with Andrey Zubov about the role of Hitler and the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, and in an Izvestia article he stated that there was a difference between Hitler before 1939 and Hitler after 1939, and that Hitler without a single drop of blood has united Germany with Austria, and Sudetenland and Memel to Germany, something what Otto von Bismarck was unable to do. Migranyan has frequently commented on politics in Armenia.",
"In 2013, he said that he admires Raffi Hovannisian, but disagreed that he would make a good politician. He is also a vocal critic of Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. During the 2018 Armenian Revolution, he strongly condemned Pashinyan and his supporters as \"dirt\" (охлосом, чернью, и мразью). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Armenian politician and military leader\nAndranik Ozanian, commonly known as General Andranik or simply Andranik; (25 February 1865 – 31 August 1927), was an Armenian military commander and statesman, the best known \"fedayi\" and a key figure of the Armenian national liberation movement. From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, he was one of the main Armenian leaders of military efforts for the independence of Armenia. He became active in an armed struggle against the Ottoman government and Kurdish irregulars in the late 1880s. Andranik joined the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktustyun) party and, along with other \"fedayi\" (militias), sought to defend the Armenian peasantry living in their ancestral homeland, an area known as Western (or Turkish) Armenia—at the time part of the Ottoman Empire. His revolutionary activities ceased and he left the Ottoman Empire after the unsuccessful uprising in Sasun in 1904. In 1907, Andranik left Dashnaktustyun because he disapproved of its cooperation with the Young Turks, a party which years later perpetrated the Armenian genocide. Between 1912 and 1913, together with Garegin Nzhdeh, Andranik led a few hundred Armenian volunteers within the Bulgarian army against the Ottomans during the First Balkan War. From the early stages of World War I, Andranik commanded the first Armenian volunteer battalion within the Russian Imperial army against the Ottoman Empire, capturing and later governing much of the traditional Armenian homeland. After the Revolution of 1917, the Russian army retreated and left the Armenian irregulars outnumbered against the Turks.",
"Andranik led the defense of Erzurum in early 1918, but was forced to retreat eastward due to an threat of encirclement and a lack of food. By May 1918, Turkish forces stood near Yerevan—the future Armenian capital—and were halted at the Battle of Sardarabad. The Dashnak-dominated Armenian National Council declared the independence of Armenia and signed the Treaty of Batum with the Ottoman Empire, by which Armenia gave up its rights to Western Armenia. Andranik never accepted the existence of the First Republic of Armenia because it included only a small part of the area many Armenians hoped to make independent. Andranik, independently from the Republic of Armenia, fought in Zangezur against the Azerbaijani and Turkish armies, and helped to keep it within Armenia. Andranik left Armenia in 1919 due to disagreements with the Armenian government and spent his last years of life in Europe and the United States seeking relief for Armenian refugees. He settled in Fresno, California in 1922 and died five years later in 1927. Andranik is greatly admired as a national hero by Armenians; numerous statues of him have been erected in several countries. Streets and squares were named after Andranik, and songs, poems and novels have been written about him, making him a legendary figure in Armenian culture. Early life. Andranik Ozanian was born on 25 February 1865, in the town of Shabin-Karahisar (Şebinkarahisar), Sivas Vilayet, Ottoman Empire, to Mariam and Toros Ozanian. Andranik means \"firstborn\" in Armenian.",
"His paternal ancestors came from the nearby village of Ozan (now ) in the early 18th century and settled in Shabin-Karahisar to avoid persecution from the Turks. His ancestors took the surname Ozanian in honor of their hometown. Andranik's mother died when he was one year old and his elder sister Nazeli took care of him. Andranik went to the local Musheghian School from 1875 to 1882 and thereafter worked in his father's carpentry shop. He married at the age of 17, but his wife died a year later while giving birth to their son—who also died days after the birth. The situation of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire had worsened under the reign of Abdul Hamid II, who sought to unify all Muslims under his rule. In 1882, Andranik was arrested for assaulting a Turkish \"gendarme\" for mistreating Armenians. With the help of his friends, he escaped from prison. He settled in the Ottoman capital Constantinople in 1884 and stayed there until 1886, working as a carpenter. He began his revolutionary activities in 1888 in the province of Sivas. Andranik joined the Hunchak party in 1891. He was arrested in 1892 for taking part in the assassination of Constantinople's police chief, Yusuf Mehmed Bey—known for his anti-Armenianism—on 9 February. Andranik once again escaped from prison. In 1892, he joined the newly created Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF or Dashnaktsutyun)."
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"doc_chunk": "Armenian-born Russian political sicentist (born 1949)\nAndranik Migranyan (; ; born 10 February 1949 in Yerevan, Armenia) is an Armenian-born Russian political scientist, who works as a professor at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations. Academy. He holds a PhD degree (1978) from the Institute of International Labor Movement, Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Andranik Migranyan has been a visiting fellow at Harriman Institute, Columbia University; San Diego State University. He is an author of a number of articles, books, hundreds of publications. Advisor. During the 1990s he was an advisor to Boris Yeltsin. From 1993 till 2000 he was a Member of the Presidential Council of the Russian Federation. In 1994 served as Chief Advisor to the Committee on CIS Problems in the Russian Parliament (Duma). From 2008 to 2015 he was the director of the Institute for Democracy and Cooperation, New York, founded in 2007. Views. In 2011, during the Libyan Civil War he said that there was a chance that Muammar Gaddafi will be imprisoned rather than sent out of the country like it happened in Egypt. In 2014, he argued with Andrey Zubov about the role of Hitler and the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, and in an Izvestia article he stated that there was a difference between Hitler before 1939 and Hitler after 1939, and that Hitler without a single drop of blood has united Germany with Austria, and Sudetenland and Memel to Germany, something what Otto von Bismarck was unable to do. Migranyan has frequently commented on politics in Armenia.",
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popqa | a008bcee-e15a-4e23-bc01-88867dc0156c | In what city was Suad Nasr born? | Suad Nasr | [
"Cairo",
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"Egyptian actress\nSuad Nasr Abd El Aziz (; 26 December 1953 – 5 January 2007) was an Egyptian theatre, television, and film actress. She was born in Shubra, Cairo, Egypt. Her fame grew due to her role as the character \"Maisa\", whom she played in the TV series \"Wanees's Diary\", during its first five parts, which began in 1994. Life. Early life. She was born on December 26, 1953, in Shubra, Cairo, and was aspiring and striving to be a journalist. However, she ended up joining the Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts, from which she graduated in 1975. Career beginnings. She performed a tragic scene in the story of \"Yaseen and Bahia\" during her graduation project, which announced her birth as an artist who could professionally perform. Her first appearance was in the play \"The Dabbash Family\" by the first one to help her in that world, according to what she said in a press interview, Samir Al-Asfouri, and her first recorded appearance was in 1971 when she participated during her studies in the play \"Yassin Weldi\", which was directed by her discoverer to comedy Karam Mutawa. He found in her a comedian, contrary to what she thought, that she is only suitable for tragedy.",
"At the beginning of her career, she participated in several works, including the movie \"An Apartment in Wist El-Balad\", the TV series \"Deserted Beach\", and the play \"The Lesson Is Over, Stupid\" in 1975, so her roles varied across cinema, television and theater, and she had a mark in every way. Career. In 1982, she made her real breakthrough through her participation in the movie \"The Fatal Jealousy\" and \"An Egyptian Story\". She then rolled her cinematic roles in which the most prominent was her role in the movie \"Here Cairo\", which placed her in the ranks of comedy stars in Egypt through her simple performance of the Upper-Egyptian woman character who goes with her husband to visit Cairo, whose character was played by artist Mohamed Sobhi. She excelled in theatre after participating in the play \"The Barbaric\" in 1985, and the play \"The Family of Wanees\" in 1997. She also participated with him in two of the most successful Arab comedy TV series, namely \"Rehlat Al Million\" in 1984, and \"Wanees's Diaries\" with its first five parts that started in 1994, and the role of the character \"Maysa\", whom she played achieved an unrivaled public success that she mentioned in some press interviews that fans call her \"Mama Maysa\". She worked again with director Youssef Chahine in the movie \"Alexandria-New York\" in 2004, after which she participated in her last work, \"Life is the maximum of delight\" in 2005. Death.",
"She underwent a liposuction in a Cairo hospital, and went into a coma that lasted for a year after she was given an anesthetic dose in preparation as a liposuction procedure. Her last words before her death were: \"My Lord, if you send my soul into me, then send it pure, and if I die, then make me die with the righteous ones.\" In a statement attributed to her second husband, the petroleum engineer Muhammad Abdel Moneim, as he stated, according to some newspapers, that she recovered from her coma for about five minutes, and she requested him to be buried quickly if she died, and that her family would stay for about an hour at her grave to pray for her. Her daughter, Fayrouz, is said to be a witness to another incident, which is her vision, which is said that she had predicted her death from. Then she died on January 5, 2007, leaving behind a beautiful legacy of work and great love in the hearts of those who loved her. The ordeal of her illness was accompanied by many accusations from the press to the anesthesiologist responsible for the operation, and he was sentenced to three years imprisonment, and on bail of E£ to stop the sentence, but the charge was eventually dropped. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Montenegrin basketball player\nSuad Šehović (born 19 February 1987) is a Montenegrin professional basketball player. He is the older brother of professional basketball player Sead Šehović. He averaged 5.4 points and 2.7 rebounds per game during the 2019–20 season. On 9 June 2020 he re-signed with Budućnost. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Palestinian author and architect\nSuad Amiry () (born 1951) is a Palestinian author and architect living in the West Bank city of Ramallah. Education. Her parents went from Palestine to Amman, Jordan. She was brought up there and went to Lebanon's capital of Beirut to study architecture. She studied architecture at the American University of Beirut, the University of Michigan, and the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. Personal life. When she returned to Ramallah as a tourist in 1981, she met Salim Tamari, whom she married later, and stayed. Career. Her book \"Sharon and My Mother-in-Law\" has been translated into 19 languages, the last one in Arabic, which was a bestseller in France, and was awarded in 2004 the prestigious Viareggio Prize in Italy together with Italo-Israeli Manuela Dviri, a journalist, playwright, and writer whose son was killed by a Hezbollah rocket during a confrontation while he was serving in the Israeli Army. From 1991 to 1993 Amiry was a member of a Palestinian peace delegation in Washington, D.C. She is engaged in some major peace initiatives of Palestinian and Israeli women, including serving as Palestinian team coordinator for the Jerusalem program at the Smithsonian Institution's 1993 Folklife Festival. From 1994 to 1996 she was the Assistant Deputy Minister and Director General of the Palestinian Authority's Ministry of Culture. She is Director and founder of the Riwaq Centre for Architectural Conservation, the center was founded in 1991; the first of its kind to work on the rehabilitation and protection of architectural heritage in Palestine."
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popqa | 16c96382-f867-4645-aa74-534f0e255fd7 | In what city was Jason Bourque born? | Jason Bourque | [
"Vancouver",
"City of Vancouver",
"Vancouver, BC",
"Vancouver, British Columbia"
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"Canadian screenwriter and director\nJason Christopher Bourque (born 6 September 1972 in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian film, television writer and director. Career. Bourque has written and directed a wide variety of TV movies, series and documentaries, as well as over 60 commercials, short films and music videos. In 2014 he directed the thriller film Black Fly, his feature film debut. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Bourque is a surname of Acadian origin. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Canadian ice hockey player (born 1960)\nRaymond Jean Bourque (born December 28, 1960) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He holds records for most career goals, assists, and points by a defenceman in the National Hockey League (NHL). He won the James Norris Memorial Trophy as the NHL's best defenceman five times, while finishing second for that trophy a further six times. He also twice finished second in the voting for the Hart Memorial Trophy, a rarity for a defenceman. He was named to the end-of-season All-Star teams 19 times, 13 on the first-team and six on the second-team. Bourque was also an Olympian with Canada and became nearly synonymous with the Boston Bruins franchise, for which he played 21 seasons and became Boston's longest-serving captain. Bourque finished his career with the Colorado Avalanche, with whom he won his only Stanley Cup championship in his final NHL game. In 2017, he was named one of the 100 Greatest NHL Players. Early life. Bourque was born in Saint-Laurent, Quebec, the son of Raymond Bourque Sr. and Anita Allain. Both of his parents were originally from New Brunswick, and moved to Montreal in the 1950s. His mother died from cancer when he was 12 years old, while his father died in 2009. Bourque was raised bilingual, speaking both English and French at home, though he went to a French school. Playing career. Early career.",
"Bourque was the third-round pick of the Trois-Rivières Draveurs of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL; now known as the Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League). Halfway through his rookie season, head coach and general manager (GM) Michel Bergeron traded Bourque to Sorel for high-scoring Benoît Gosselin. After a stellar junior career with Sorel and Verdun of the QMJHL, in which he was named the league's best defenceman in 1978 and 1979, Bourque was drafted eighth overall by the Bruins in the 1979 NHL Entry Draft, with a first-round draft choice obtained from the Los Angeles Kings in a 1977 trade for goaltender Ron Grahame. Boston GM Harry Sinden had intended to select defenceman Keith Brown, but Brown was selected by the Chicago Blackhawks immediately prior to Boston's selection. Panicking, the Bruins settled on Bourque, allegedly against their better judgment. Boston Bruins. Bourque made an immediate impact in Boston during his rookie season of 1979–80, scoring a goal in his first game while facing the Winnipeg Jets. Bourque asserted himself from the start as one of the best defensemen in the league, winning both the Calder Memorial Trophy as Rookie of the Year and a First Team All-Star selection, the first time in NHL history a rookie non-goaltender had ever achieved the distinction. His 65 points that season was a record at the time for a rookie defenseman.",
"In 1985, upon the retirement of Bruins' captain Terry O'Reilly to coach the club, Bourque and veteran Rick Middleton were named co-captains of the team, Middleton to wear the \"C\" during home games and Bourque for road games. Upon Middleton's retirement in 1988, Bourque became the team's sole captain, and retained the position for the remainder of his Bruins' tenure. In so doing, he passed Dit Clapper as the longest-tenured Bruins' captain in history, as well as passing Alex Delvecchio of the Detroit Red Wings as the longest-serving team captain in NHL history, a mark since surpassed by Steve Yzerman of the Red Wings. Bourque proved a solid force for Boston for 21 seasons (1979–2000), famous for combining offensive prowess at a level that few defencemen in league history had ever achieved—he was a perennial shot accuracy champion at All-Star Games—and near-unparalleled defensive excellence. Bourque won five Norris Trophies as the league's top defenceman and finished second to Mark Messier in 1990 in the closest race ever for the Hart Memorial Trophy, the league's Most Valuable Player award. The Bruins' reliance on Bourque's on-ice mastery was so total that—while Bourque was very durable throughout much of his career—the team was seen by many to flounder whenever he was out of the lineup."
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popqa | 0eb330a2-a92a-4380-84eb-58cc2b358e0a | In what city was Kurt Baschwitz born? | Kurt Baschwitz | [
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"German journalist\nSiegfried Kurt Baschwitz (2 February 1886, Offenburg – 6 January 1968 Amsterdam), was a journalist, a professor of press, propaganda and public opinion, scholar on newspapers, and crowd psychology. Baschwitz, who, as was customary in German middle class, was known by his second name Kurt, was a German Jew and a friend of Otto Frank, the father of Anne Frank. Baschwitz was called upon as an expert to advise on the publication of the Diary of Anne Frank and later again authenticate it. Education. Baschwitz studied at several universities in Germany and graduated in economics and held pronounced liberal views. He was awarded a doctorate with a thesis supervised by social reformer, Lujo Brentano. Career in Germany. After conclusion of his academic studies Kurt Baschwitz started his career as a journalist writing for several German national newspapers. During World War I he was correspondent for a Hamburg newspaper in neutral Rotterdam and learned to speak Dutch. Influenced deeply by allied atrocity propaganda and what he considered to be humiliating terms forced on German at the end of the war, his political opinions veered considerably towards the right although he soon recognized the potential dangers of extremism in German society. In 1923 he wrote his first book, about the reaction of public opinion to propaganda and national stereotypes on Germans abroad. In addition to his work as a journalist he became an erudite and popular public speaker, including on radio.",
"In 1930 he was offered a position on the faculty of the University of Heidelberg but he refused, on account of the growing anti-Semitic climate in Germany which would make his life and that of his family difficult. He had meanwhile become editor-in-chief of the journal of newspaper publishers, but was fired as a consequence of the new anti-Jewish laws. Baschwitz continued to write on the history of the press, the hatred of groups in society and censorship. Career in the Netherlands. Early in 1933, after Hitler came to power and when it was no longer possible for his work to be published in Germany, Baschwitz fled from Nazi-Germany to the Netherlands. There he started to work for the research agency of Alfred Wiener which gathered information about antisemitism and the dark side of German National Socialism. In 1935 he started to lecture on the history of newspapers at the University of Amsterdam; In 1936-37 he was also offered a position with the International Institute of Social History. In 1938 he published works on the history of newspapers, and on the abuse of mass psychology which included a strong attack on Nazi behaviour. During the Nazi Occupation of the Netherlands. During the German occupation of the Netherlands Baschwitz went into hiding. In 1942, he got arrested by German police during a street razzia and was brought to Westerbork transit camp. A few days later, his daughter Isa (Gisela) Baschwitz, who later became active in the anti-Nazi Dutch Resistance movement, achieved his release with the help of a combination of real and false identity papers. After World War 2.",
"After World War II Kurt Baschwitz was reinstated as a private lecturer and then an ordinary lecturer at the University of Amsterdam. In 1948 he became associate professor in the Faculty of Political and Social Sciences and four years later he was made full professor in press science, public opinion, and mass psychology. In July 1948 he founded and became the first director of the Dutch Institute for the Science of the Press which organized courses for the training of young journalists, as well as established ones. Baschwitz was considered to be a pioneer in communication science and mass psychology and contributed much to the international exchange of information and research among scholars in the field. First as a driving force behind the International Society for \"Publicistics\", and then as a key figure preparing the International Association of Mass Communication Research IAMCR. After 1945, one of his major efforts was to rediscover information on the field had been lost because of the war and on the previous underground press. \"Gazette\", the international journal that he founded in 1955, acted as a liaison centre for research and researchers from different parts of the world. His later works all dealt with the mass psychology of witch hunts, but were also a reflection on the mechanisms of mass persecutions in general, and those of Jews in particular. His magnum opus, in his own opinion, \"Hexen und Hexenprozesse: Geschichte eines Massenwahns und seiner Bekaempfung\" which discussed methods of fighting attempts at mass delusion appeared in 1963 and was printed in several languages.",
"Baschwitz also contributed to the founding of a ‘seminarium’ for mass psychology, public opinion and propaganda at the University of Amsterdam. In 1972 it was renamed the Baschwitz Institute for collective behavior studies, before merging with the public opinion section within the department for communication studies in 1985.",
"Spanish journalist and author (1960–2022)\nAna Baschwitz y Gómez de las Bárcenas (Madrid,1960—2022) was a Spanish journalist, publicist, professor and entrepreneur. Throughout her life she held various executive positions in businesses, associations and foundations, and developed a wide range of solidarity activities. She was the founder and president of the Asociación Víctimas del Covid-19. The Ana Baschwitz Communication Awards were created in 2023 in her memory. Education and career. Baschwitz graduated from the Complutense University of Madrid with a degree in Advertising and Public Relations (1982) and a PhD in Information Science (1997). Her doctoral thesis, \"Las Relaciones Públicas integrales como concepto aglutinador de las herramientas en una concepción moderna de la comunicación social” (Integral Public Relations as an agglutinating concept of tools in a modern conception of social communication), was supervised by Jaime Urzaiz. She taught for seven years at the Faculty of Communication Sciences of the Complutense University and also at the European Institute of Protocol at the Camilo José Cela University. She began her career at Urzaiz Comunicación in 1980. In 2003, this agency was re-established under the name of AB Public Relations and under the presidency of Ana Baschwitz. In 2016, together with Luis Matamoros, and within the AB Group, she created the company Stil Kommunikation."
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popqa | c060da8c-fe2d-44ed-9d5e-981e015d3493 | In what city was Tim Alexander born? | Tim Alexander (footballer) | [
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"English footballer\nTimothy Mark Alexander (born 29 March 1973) in Chertsey, Surrey, England, is an English retired professional footballer who played as a central defender for Wimbledon and Barnet in the Football League.",
"American drummer\nTimothy Wayne Alexander (born April 10, 1965), also credited as \"Herb\" Alexander, is an American musician best known as the drummer for the rock band Primus. Alexander has been in the band across three stints; he initially left the band in 1996 and rejoined in 2003 before leaving again in 2010 and re-joining in 2013. Alexander has played in several projects with Tool frontman Maynard James Keenan including the bands Puscifer and A Perfect Circle. He earned the nickname \"Herb\" from his Primus bandmates after carrying a fanny pack full with herbs like ginseng that he would distribute. Biography. Alexander got the job with Primus replacing Jay Lane (along with Larry LaLonde who replaced Todd Huth) in 1988, and lasted until 1996. Les Claypool spoke of Alexander's playing in an interview with \"Bass Player\": \"[He] is a very precise player. Even when we're really stretching on something, you can rarely tell that we're still a band that doesn't rehearse much. And a huge part of that is because of Tim\". Alexander has played on the majority of Primus's discography, including some of the band's most well known albums such as \"Frizzle Fry\" (1990), \"Sailing the Seas of Cheese\" (1991), \"Pork Soda\" (1993) and \"Tales from the Punchbowl\" (1995). Following Alexander's departure from Primus, he went on to form his own group, Laundry, which released on Claypool's label Prawn Song Records.",
"They put out two albums and were based in the Bay area of San Francisco. On September 25, 2013, Rolling Stone announced via an interview with Claypool that Alexander would be rejoining Primus, with a possible recording session taking place as early as November. Previous drummer Jay Lane would be moving on to other projects including his former band Ratdog. Alexander has been hailed for his \"polyrhythmic\" playing. On July 18, 2014, Alexander had a heart attack, and underwent open heart surgery. He had another heart attack in 2016. Alexander operated a cider company based in Bellingham, Washington, called Herb's Cider. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Brazilian footballer and coach\nElba de Pádua Lima (20 February 1915 – 7 July 1984), best known by the nickname Tim, was a Brazilian footballer and coach. Tim was born in Rifaina, São Paulo. During his career, which spanned from 1931 to 1951, he played for Brazilian clubs Botafogo-SP, Portuguesa Santista, Fluminense, and Olaria; he won five Rio de Janeiro State Tournaments (1936, 1937, 1938, 1940, 1941). He retired in Colombia with Atlético Junior of Barranquilla. He was also a member of the Brazil national team, at the 1938 FIFA World Cup, playing one match against Czechoslovakia, and at the South American Championship 1942, where he scored one goal. 44 years after participating in the World Cup as a player, Tim was the manager of the Peru national football team at the 1982 World Cup, in what is the longest interval ever between an individual's World Cup participations, and the longest World Cup career overall. Two years after the 1982 World Cup, he died in Rio de Janeiro at the age of 69. He coached Bangu. In 1968, he was Primera División Argentina champion with San Lorenzo de Almagro. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Tim Alexander (born 1965) is an American musician. Tim Alexander may also refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name."
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popqa | 11f0e217-1625-4371-a9dd-59fc6b7579d3 | In what city was Léopold Robert born? | Louis Léopold Robert | [
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"French painter\nLouis Léopold Robert (13 May 1794 – 20 March 1835) was a Swiss painter. Biography. He was born at La Chaux-de-Fonds (Neuchâtel) in Switzerland, but left his native place with the engraver Jean Girardet at the age of sixteen for Paris. He was on the eve of obtaining the \"grand prix\" for engraving when the events of 1815 blasted his hopes, for Neuchâtel was restored to Prussia, and Robert was struck off the list of competitors as a foreigner. Whilst continuing his studies under Girardet he had never ceased to frequent the studio of David, and he now determined to become a painter, and only returned to his native country when his master himself was exiled. At Neuchâtel he attracted the notice of Roullet de Mezerac, who enabled him by a timely loan to proceed to Rome. In depicting the customs and life of the people, of southern Italy especially, he showed peculiar feeling for the historical characteristics of their race. After executing many detached studies of Italian life, Robert conceived the idea of painting four great works which should represent at one and the same time the four seasons in Italy and the four leading races of its people. In the \"Return from the Fête of the Madonna dell'Arco\" (Louvre) he depicted the Neapolitans and the spring.",
"This picture, exhibited at the Salon of 1827, achieved undoubted success and was bought for the Luxembourg by Charles X; but the work which appeared in 1831, the \"Summer Reapers arriving in the Pontine Marshe\" (Louvre), which became the property of Louis Phillippe, established the artist's reputation. Florence and her autumn vineyards should now have furnished him with his third subject. He attempted to begin it, but, unable to conquer his passion for Princess Charlotte Napoleon (then mourning the violent death of her husband, Robert's devoted friend), he threw up his work and went to Venice, where he began and carried through the fourth of the series, the \"Fishers of the Adriatic\". This work was not equal to the \"Reapers\". Worn by the vicissitudes of painful feeling, and bitterly discouraged, Robert committed suicide before his easel on 20 March 1835, on the tenth anniversary of the melancholy suicide of a brother to whom he had been much attached. He is buried in the Protestant section of the San Michele cemetery on the island of Isola di San Michele in Venice. There are a number of references to Robert's paintings in the novel \"The Count of Monte Cristo\" by Alexandre Dumas, one being specifically to \"The Reapers\".",
"French painter and draftsman (1761–1845)\nLouis-Léopold Boilly (; 5 July 1761 – 4 January 1845) was a French painter and draftsman. A creator of popular portrait paintings, he also produced a vast number of genre paintings documenting French middle-class social life. His life and work spanned the eras of monarchical France, the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Empire, the Bourbon Restoration, and the July Monarchy. His 1800 painting \"Un Trompe-l'œil\" introduced the term \"trompe-l'œil\" (\"trick the eye\"), applied to the technique that uses realistic imagery to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects exist in three dimensions, though the \"unnamed\" technique itself had existed in Greek and Roman times. Life and career. Boilly was born in La Bassée in northern France, the son of a local wood sculptor. A self-taught painter, Boilly began his career at a very young age, producing his first works at the age of twelve or thirteen. In 1774 he began to show his work to the Augustinians of Douai who were evidently impressed: within three years, the bishop of Arras invited him to work and study in his diocese. While there, he produced a cascade of paintings – some three hundred small works of portraiture. He received instruction in \"trompe-l'œil\" painting from Dominique Doncre (1743–1820) before moving to Paris around 1787.",
"At the height of the revolutionary Terror in 1794, Boilly was condemned by the Committee of Public Safety for the erotic undertones of his work. This offence was remedied by Boilly's eleventh-hour production of the more patriotic \"Triumph of Marat\" (now in the Musée des Beaux Arts, Lille) which saved him from serious penalties. Boilly was a popular and celebrated painter of his time. He was among the first artists to produce lithographs, and became wealthy from the sale of his prints and paintings. He was awarded a medal by the Parisian Salon in 1804 for his work \"The Arrival of a Mail-coach in the Courtyard of the Messageries\". In 1833 he was decorated as a \"chevalier\" of the nation's highest order, the \"Légion d'honneur\". Boilly died in Paris on 4 January 1845. His youngest son, Alphonse Boilly (1801–1867), was a professional engraver who apprenticed in New York with Asher Brown Durand. Style and works. Boilly's early works showed a preference for amorous and moralising subjects. \"The Suitor's Gift\" is comparable to much of his work in the 1790s. His small-scale paintings with carefully mannered colouring and precise detailing recalled the work of seventeenth-century Dutch genre painters such as Gabriël Metsu (1629–1667), Willem van Mieris and Gerard ter Borch (1617–1681), of whose work Boilly owned an important collection.",
"After 1794, Boilly began to produce far more crowded compositions that serve as social chronicles of the urban middle class. In these works, his observation of contemporary customs is slightly sentimental and often humorous. Boilly was also well respected for his portraiture. By the end of his lifetime he had painted about 5,000 portraits, most of which were painted on canvases measuring 22 cm x 17 cm (8 5/8 in. x 6 5/8 in.). He worked quickly, and boasted of requiring only two hours to complete a portrait. He painted both middle class sitters and prominent contemporaries such as Robespierre. Boilly's portraits strongly characterize the sitters as individuals, and are usually painted in a sober range of colors. Boilly used his great skill in depicting textures to produce numerous illusionistic works, including paintings in grisaille that mimic prints. In the Salon of 1800 he exhibited a painting that depicted layers of overlapping prints, drawings, and papers, covered by a sheet of broken glass in a wooden frame. His title for the work, \"Un trompe-l'œil\" (\"a trick played on the eye\"), marked the first use of that term to describe an illusionistic painting. Although art critics derided the painting as a stunt, it caused a popular sensation, and \"trompe-l'œil\" entered the language as a name for an entire genre. His interest in caricature is most apparent in his suite of 98 lithographs titled \"Recueil de grimaces\", published between 1823 and 1828."
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popqa | db843ea3-dcaf-46d8-8fcf-f59de4bb3723 | In what city was Wang Yaping born? | Wang Yaping | [
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"Chinese taikonaut (born 1980)\nWang Yaping (; born January 1980) is a Chinese military transport pilot and taikonaut. Wang was the second female taikonaut selected to the People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps, the second Chinese woman in space, and the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk. In April 2022, she set a new record for longest stay in space by a female Chinese astronaut with a cumulative 197 days in space. Early life. Wang was born in the prefecture of Yantai, in Shandong province. Her mother and father are farmers, and she was reported to have two sisters. In September 1991, she entered junior high school in Yantai, and in 1994 entered Yantai Yizhong High School, graduating in 1997. She was admitted to the Changchun Flight College of the People's Liberation Army Air Force. Air Force career. Wang joined the air force in August 1997. Wang was from the seventh batch of female military pilots in China, one of 37 members, and graduated from Aviation University and flight school in 2001 with the rank of First Lieutenant. As a pilot with the Air Force's transport aircraft crew in Wuhan, she has participated in tasks such as combat readiness exercises, the Wenchuan Earthquake relief effort, and cloud seeding and weather modification for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games to eliminate clouds and reduce rain. After accumulating safe flights for 1600 hours, she was named Air Force Class II pilot. In May 2010 she officially became the second female astronaut of China. At that time Wang was a captain in the People's Liberation Army Air Force.",
"Spaceflight career. She was a candidate for the space mission Shenzhou 9 in 2012. However, Liu Yang was selected over her for the historic mission of the first Chinese female space traveller. Wang was a member of the backup crew for SZ-9. Shenzhou 10. Wang became the second Chinese female spacefarer as a member of the Shenzhou 10 spaceship crew, which orbited the Earth in June 2013, and of the Tiangong-1 orbiting space station with which it docked. She was known as the “Goddess II”. She was the first member of the crew announced, in April, while the remainder of the crew were announced in June. Wang Yaping was one of two women in space on the 50th anniversary of Vostok 6, the first spaceflight by a woman, Valentina Tereshkova. The other woman in space on 16 June 2013 was Karen Nyberg, an American astronaut aboard the International Space Station. While aboard Tiangong-1, Wang conducted scientific experiments and taught a physics lesson to Chinese students by live television broadcast. In 2018, she held the rank of Air Force Colonel, and had trained to fly four aircraft models. In March 2018, Wang was elected for a five-year-term as a deputy to the National People's Congress. Shenzhou 13. In October 2021, it was announced that Wang was selected as one of the three crew members to fly on Shenzhou 13 to the Tiangong space station, marking her second spaceflight and the first time a Chinese woman would travel to space twice.",
"She was to be the first female astronaut to board the Tiangong space station and to perform an extravehicular activity. The mission would be China's longest crewed space mission. On 15 October 2021, the three Shenzhou 13 crewmembers arrived at the Tianhe space station module, hours after launch. On 7 November, the China Manned Space Agency announced that a spacewalk was underway and it was being performed by astronauts Zhai Zhigang, the Shenzhou 13 mission commander, and Wang Yaping, who was now China's first female spacewalker. EVA operations started at 6:21 p.m.. Wang exited from the node cabin of the Tianhe Core Module at 8:28 p.m.. Zhai and Wang completed their EVAs and returned to Tianhe by 1:16 a.m. on 8 November, the entire operation having lasted 6 hours and 25 minutes. Wang wore a new spacesuit, delivered to the station by the Tianzhou 3 cargo resupply craft in September. According to Chinese state media, this suit was optimized for her shorter height. Personal life. Wang is married to Zhao Peng, a PLAAF pilot. She has one daughter. She is studying for a doctoral degree in psychology at Peking University. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Chinese table tennis player\nDeng Yaping (; born February 6, 1973) is a Chinese table tennis player, who won eighteen world championships including four Olympic championships between 1989 and 1997. She is regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of the sport. Early life and education. Deng was born in Zhengzhou, Henan, on February 6, 1973. Career. Deng began playing table tennis aged five, and four years later she won the provincial junior championship. She was age 13 when she won her first national championship. Despite her success, she was initially denied a spot on the national team because she was so short (she stood only 1.5 metres [4 feet 11 inches] tall). She was finally included on the national team in 1988. She teamed with Qiao Hong to win her first world championship title in the women's doubles competition in 1989. Two years later in 1991, Deng won her first singles world championship. At the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, she won a gold medal in both the singles and doubles competitions and repeated the feat at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, USA. She also earned singles and doubles titles at the 1995 and 1997 world championships. When she retired at the age of 24, she had won more titles than any other player in this sport, including four Olympic gold medals, and had been World Champion 18 times. From 1990 to 1997, she retained the title of world No. 1 ranked female table tennis player for 8 years. She was voted Chinese female athlete of the century, and joined the International Table Tennis Federation Hall of Fame in 2003. Post-Playing Career.",
"Deng is still deeply involved with the national Chinese table tennis scene and frequently speaks to the media. She also was a color-commentator for the Women's World Cup in 2020. In June 2021, Deng claimed that Mima Ito was not a serious threat to the Chinese women's Olympic hopes. Personal and Political Life. After retiring at the end of the 1997 season, Deng served on the International Olympic Committee's ethics and athletes commissions. She is also a member of the elite Laureus World Sports Academy, and a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. She gained a bachelor's degree from Tsinghua University, an MRes degree in Contemporary Chinese Studies from the University of Nottingham in 2002, and a PhD degree in Land Economy from the University of Cambridge (Jesus College) in 2008. Her thesis title is: \"Olympic branding and global competition: the case of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games\". Her research work coincides with her professional focus on the marketing, management and development of the 2008 Beijing Olympics as a member of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games. In 2007, she married Lin Zhigang, also a table tennis player, and later gave birth to a baby boy. In 2010, she attracted controversy due to comments she made. A student asked her, \"how can one get promoted quickly?\" She answered, \"when your personal value overlaps with the interests of the state, your value will be enlarged without limit.\""
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"doc_chunk": "Chinese taikonaut (born 1980)\nWang Yaping (; born January 1980) is a Chinese military transport pilot and taikonaut. Wang was the second female taikonaut selected to the People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps, the second Chinese woman in space, and the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk. In April 2022, she set a new record for longest stay in space by a female Chinese astronaut with a cumulative 197 days in space. Early life. Wang was born in the prefecture of Yantai, in Shandong province. Her mother and father are farmers, and she was reported to have two sisters. In September 1991, she entered junior high school in Yantai, and in 1994 entered Yantai Yizhong High School, graduating in 1997. She was admitted to the Changchun Flight College of the People's Liberation Army Air Force. Air Force career. Wang joined the air force in August 1997. Wang was from the seventh batch of female military pilots in China, one of 37 members, and graduated from Aviation University and flight school in 2001 with the rank of First Lieutenant. As a pilot with the Air Force's transport aircraft crew in Wuhan, she has participated in tasks such as combat readiness exercises, the Wenchuan Earthquake relief effort, and cloud seeding and weather modification for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games to eliminate clouds and reduce rain. After accumulating safe flights for 1600 hours, she was named Air Force Class II pilot. In May 2010 she officially became the second female astronaut of China. At that time Wang was a captain in the People's Liberation Army Air Force.",
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popqa | 4fcf9a01-5b65-4993-91e8-3d97a36190d1 | In what city was Bob Cremins born? | Bob Cremins | [
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"American baseball player (1906-2004)\nRobert Anthony Cremins (February 15, 1906 – March 27, 2004) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Boston Red Sox during the 1927 season. Listed at , 178 lb., Cremins batted and threw left-handed. He was born in Pelham Manor, New York. In four relief appearances, Cremins posted a 5.04 earned run average without a decision in 5 ⅓ Innings pitched. According to \"Baseball Almanac\", Cremins faced Babe Ruth once and retired him on a grounder to first base. His career ended in 1928 due to an arm injury. Following his baseball career, Cremins served in the military during World War II. After that, he worked as town supervisor and tax receiver for Pelham. Cremins died in his homeland of Pelham at the age of 98. At the time of his death, he was the second-oldest surviving person having been a baseball player; Ray Cunningham is No. 1. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American college basketball coach\nRobert Joseph Cremins Jr. (born July 4, 1947) is an American retired college basketball coach. He served as a head coach at Appalachian State, Georgia Tech, and the College of Charleston. Early years. Cremins attended All Hallows High School in the Bronx, New York, where he was born to Irish immigrants from County Kerry. In 1966, he entered the University of South Carolina (USC) on a basketball scholarship, where he played under coach Frank McGuire. While Cremins was there, the South Carolina team won 61 games, with 17 losses, while Cremins was the starting point guard for three years for the Gamecocks. Cremins, known as \"Cakes\", was also the captain of South Carolina's 1969–70 team which went 25–3 and won USC's first (and only) ACC regular season title. He graduated from USC in 1970 with a B.S. degree in marketing, before playing professional basketball for one year in Ecuador. Early coaching career. Cremins started his coaching career in 1971 as an assistant coach at Point Park College in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He next returned to South Carolina to become McGuire's assistant coach and to earn a M.S. degree in guidance and counseling in 1972. Appalachian State. At age 27, Cremins became one of the youngest NCAA Division I head coaches in history when he took charge of the basketball team at Appalachian State University.",
"He inherited a program that had only won 22 games since joining Division I five years earlier, and had just come off the worst season in school history at 3–23. In his first year at Appalachian his team had a record of 13–14, but then they accumulated an 87–56 record over the next five seasons, with three Southern Conference regular season championships. The Mountaineers posted a 23–6 record, and received an NCAA Tournament slot in 1979 after sweeping the Southern Conference regular season and tournament titles. Georgia Tech. Cremins's performance at Appalachian State gathered him some national attention in the NCAA coaching ranks, including catching the eye of Georgia Tech athletic director Homer Rice. After Rice persuaded him to come to Atlanta, Cremins was hired as the Rambling Wreck's new head basketball coach at the close of the 1981 season, on April 14, 1981. When Cremins arrived at Georgia Tech, he walked into a situation that was as bad, if not worse, than what he'd inherited at Appalachian State. Georgia Tech had only notched one winning season in the previous 10 years, and had just suffered the worst season in school history—a 4–23 overall record and a winless record in Atlantic Coast Conference play. Considering the poor state of the program he'd inherited, Cremins engineered a very quick return to respectability. In only his third year in Atlanta, he led the Yellow Jackets to the 1984 NIT—their first postseason berth of any sort in 13 years.",
"A year later, the Yellow Jackets shocked the ACC by winning a share of the regular season title, then winning the conference tournament. They then advanced all the way to the Elite Eight, tallying an overall record of 27–8. In 1990, Cremins's team advanced all the way to the Final Four in the NCAA Tournament, with an overall 28–7 record. The 28 wins are still a school record for wins in a season. Cremins was three times the ACC \"Coach of the Year\": In 1983 with the first ever Yellow Jackets' ACC tournament victory, and an overall 13–15 won/loss record; again in 1985, and again in 1996 when his team posted a 24–12 record, won the ACC regular-season championship with a 13–3 record (only the second time in 15 years that a team from North Carolina had not won at least a share of the title), and progressed to the NCAA basketball tournament's \"Sweet 16\" before losing to Cincinnati. Cremins' coaching of the 1990 Yellow Jackets' team earned him the Naismith College Coach of the Year honor. Cremins had a host of players that went on to have successful NBA careers. First there was Mark Price (the Cleveland Cavaliers) and John Salley (the Detroit Pistons) in the early 1980s, followed by Duane Ferrell, Tom Hammonds, Dennis Scott, Brian Oliver, Kenny Anderson, Jon Barry, Travis Best, Stephon Marbury, Jason Collier and Matt Harpring.",
"Cremins was an assistant coach on the first-ever gold medal-winning American World University Games team in 1986, assisting the head coach Lute Olson of the University of Arizona. Cremins also assisted Olson at the 1986 FIBA World Championship, also winning the gold medal there. During the summer of 1989 he coached the American team that qualified for the 1990 FIBA World Championship. Cremins assisted former NBA coach Lenny Wilkens in the American basketball team's appearance in the Summer Olympic Games of 1996 in Atlanta. This team was the second of the \"Dream Teams\" in the Olympic Games, and it featured such NBA stars as Charles Barkley, Karl Malone, Reggie Miller, Shaquille O'Neal, Scottie Pippen, David Robinson and John Stockton, several of whom were returning for their second Olympic Games basketball tournament. This \"Dream Team\" was undefeated in the Olympic basketball tournament, of course, and it defeated the second-place Yugoslavian team 95–69 in the championship game in winning the gold medal. On March 24, 1993, Cremins agreed to coach basketball at his alma mater, the University of South Carolina, before changing his mind and deciding three days later to continue at Georgia Tech. In 2003, Georgia Tech officially named the basketball court at the Alexander Memorial Coliseum on the Georgia Tech campus, the \"Cremins Court\". Paul Hewitt would take his place at Georgia Tech in 2000."
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"doc_chunk": "American baseball player (1906-2004)\nRobert Anthony Cremins (February 15, 1906 – March 27, 2004) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played briefly for the Boston Red Sox during the 1927 season. Listed at , 178 lb., Cremins batted and threw left-handed. He was born in Pelham Manor, New York. In four relief appearances, Cremins posted a 5.04 earned run average without a decision in 5 ⅓ Innings pitched. According to \"Baseball Almanac\", Cremins faced Babe Ruth once and retired him on a grounder to first base. His career ended in 1928 due to an arm injury. Following his baseball career, Cremins served in the military during World War II. After that, he worked as town supervisor and tax receiver for Pelham. Cremins died in his homeland of Pelham at the age of 98. At the time of his death, he was the second-oldest surviving person having been a baseball player; Ray Cunningham is No. 1. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 9d0df2ef-d04b-4f64-92a6-0d8b0dc0a070 | In what city was David Oppenheim born? | David Oppenheim (poker player) | [
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"American poker player (born 1973)\nDavid Oppenheim (born March 7, 1973) is an American professional poker player. Oppenheim is from Calabasas, California. He started playing live cash games at 16, underaged, at the Bicycle Card Club (now known as the famous Bicycle Casino). He dropped college (Cal State Northridge) to start his poker career around the age of 19. He became known as one of the greatest cash games players of all time, and also became a representative of Full Tilt Poker. In 2019, David Oppenheim got inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. As of 2021, his winnings in live poker tournaments are close to $2,000,000. Poker career. During\nthe second season of the World Poker Tour, he placed third in the No-Limit Hold 'em Championship at the Borgata Poker Open in Atlantic City, earning $117,500 and third at the 2010 World Series of Poker in the $50,000 The Poker Players Championship Event, earning $603,348. In 2011 he finished first in the Australian poker series, 'Aussie Millions' with a cash prize of $250,000. It was a strictly invitational event where each player had to pay a fee of $25,000 to enter. David Oppenheim is a regular in the world famous high stakes cash room at the Bellagio, Bobby's Room (now renamed Legends Room) where he plays stakes as high as $4,000/$8,000. Movie and TV appearances. Oppenheim also had some exposure in motion pictures and television.",
"In 2007, he had a brief cameo role as the character \"Josh Cohen\" in the film \"Lucky You\". In January 2008, Oppenheim appeared on the third season of NBC's \"Poker After Dark\" in the episode \"19th Hole\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American poker player\nDavid Baxter was an American poker player from Corpus Christi, Texas, who won two bracelets at the World Series of Poker. Poker. Baxter first cashed in the WSOP in 1980 in a no limit hold'em event. He won his first bracelet in 1983 in the $1,500 no limit hold'em event, winning $145,500. He won his second bracelet in 1986 in the $2,500 pot limit omaha event, taking home $127,000 for the win. Baxter also cashed in the $10,000 Main Event three times: 15th place in 1986, 18th place in 1991, and 22nd place in 1995. During his career, Baxter cashed 14 times and had total earnings of $432,197 at the World Series of Poker. He also had numerous cashes and wins in various other tournaments, including the William Hill Poker Grand Prix and Amarillo Slim's Super Bowl of Poker, and several other prominent tournaments in the United States. Baxter won the Grand Prix of Poker $10,000 No Limit Hold'em event in 1984, taking the title and prize of $320,000. In defence of his title, he finished as runner-up in the same tournament the following year. He also won the America's Cup of Poker $1,000 Ace to Five event and the $5,000 Deuce to Seven Draw event at the Grand Prix of Poker, both in 1987. Baxter also made seven final tables at various tournaments at the Super Bowl of Poker throughout the 1980s. He retired from playing in poker tournaments sometime in the late 1990s.",
"His total tournament winnings during his career exceed $1,400,000. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American poker player\nDavid Singer (born in Brooklyn, New York) is an American professional poker player and former attorney. Law career. Singer is a former environmental lawyer who worked on issues and lawsuits related to cleaning up the Long Island Sound for a non-profit organization. Poker career. Singer has been playing poker professionally since 1996, concentrating on seven-card stud before moving to mostly Texas hold 'em tournaments. In October 2007, Singer won the Caesars Palace Classic $9,800 No Limit Hold'em Championship Event, winning $1,000,000. In May 2008, Singer earned $560,000 by winning the $25,000 Full Tilt Poker Heads Up World Championship. The tournament featured 64 players in the largest buy-in in online poker history. As of 2010, his total live tournament winnings exceed $4,200,000. His 28 cashes at the WSOP account for $1,493,368 of those winnings. World Series of Poker. Singer has garnered considerable success in World Series of Poker play. He is the only person to make the final table of the three largest buy-in No-Limit Hold'em events in a single year at the World Series of Poker, which he did in 2003. At the 2003 WSOP, Singer made the final table of the Main Event, busting out in ninth place, earning $120,000. Singer's biggest result at the 2006 World Series of Poker was a sixth-place finish in the $50,000 HORSE event, earning $411,840."
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"doc_chunk": "American poker player (born 1973)\nDavid Oppenheim (born March 7, 1973) is an American professional poker player. Oppenheim is from Calabasas, California. He started playing live cash games at 16, underaged, at the Bicycle Card Club (now known as the famous Bicycle Casino). He dropped college (Cal State Northridge) to start his poker career around the age of 19. He became known as one of the greatest cash games players of all time, and also became a representative of Full Tilt Poker. In 2019, David Oppenheim got inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. As of 2021, his winnings in live poker tournaments are close to $2,000,000. Poker career. During\nthe second season of the World Poker Tour, he placed third in the No-Limit Hold 'em Championship at the Borgata Poker Open in Atlantic City, earning $117,500 and third at the 2010 World Series of Poker in the $50,000 The Poker Players Championship Event, earning $603,348. In 2011 he finished first in the Australian poker series, 'Aussie Millions' with a cash prize of $250,000. It was a strictly invitational event where each player had to pay a fee of $25,000 to enter. David Oppenheim is a regular in the world famous high stakes cash room at the Bellagio, Bobby's Room (now renamed Legends Room) where he plays stakes as high as $4,000/$8,000. Movie and TV appearances. Oppenheim also had some exposure in motion pictures and television.",
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popqa | a5b4b053-7cde-4605-b615-284952e77f2f | In what city was Luis Reece born? | Luis Reece | [
"Taunton"
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"English cricketer\nLuis Michael Reece (born 4 August 1990) is an English cricketer who plays for Derbyshire. He is a left-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium pace. He previously played for Lancashire before joining Derbyshire ahead of the 2017 season. Early life. Luis Reece was born in Taunton, Somerset and educated at St. Michael's CE High School and Myerscough College, both in Lancashire. Career. Reece played for the Lancashire Second XI in 2008–2009. He played non-first-class cricket for Leeds/Bradford UCCE in 2011. He then made his List A debut for the Unicorns in the 2011 Clydesdale Bank 40 against Lancashire, and made eight further List A appearances for the Unicorns in the 2011 season, taking a total of 5 wickets at an average of 34.40, with best figures of 4/35. He also scored a total of 115 runs in these matches, which came at a batting average of 23.00, with a high score of 26. In 2012 he played 11 games for the Unicorns, scoring 233 runs at 25.88 but taking only one wicket. When Leeds/Bradford MCCU played their first first-class matches in 2012 he scored 134 runs at 33.50 and took 5 wickets at 24.00. He captained the team in 2013, scoring 155 runs at 51.66 and taking 7 wickets at 24.14. In the match against Leicestershire, which Leeds/Bradford MCCU won by 102 runs, he scored 114 not out. He made his County Championship debut for Lancashire against Essex in June 2013, playing as an opening batsman.",
"In ten matches he made 722 runs at 55.53 with eight fifties. Derbyshire signed Reece from Lancashire on a two-year contract in October 2016. In June 2017, he was hospitalised after suffering breathing difficulties during a Championship match against Northamptonshire. After scoring 1180 runs in all formats during his first season with Derbyshire, Reece signed a new three-year contract with the county. Reece was selected to play for Chittagong Vikings in the 2017–18 Bangladesh Premier League. After the 2018 season which was much taken up by a foot injury that kept Reece out for over 3 months, he signed a further one-year deal to keep him at Derbyshire until at least 2021. His credentials were enhanced by the surprising bowling of 7–20 in an end-of-season championship match against Gloucestershire, giving rise to hopes that he can be considered a genuine all-rounder. In October 2019, Reece signed a new contract with Derbyshire until the end of the 2023 season. The following month, he was selected to play for the Dhaka Platoon in the 2019–20 Bangladesh Premier League. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Reece derives from the Welsh name Rhys. It may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"British musician\nAlex Reece (born Alexander Reece, Barnet, England) is a drum and bass musician. He popularized the use of two-step breaks in drum and bass, and was an influence of the jazzstep sound, a mix of drum and bass and jazz. Reece was one of the musicians in the Metalheadz collective, and has also worked under the pseudonym of Fallen Angels. Career. Reece began DJing in the late 1980s. In 1992, Jack Smooth offered Reece a trainee studio engineer job, and Reece went on to engineer for Smooth on many of the early Basement Records releases. Reece first tried house (recording with his brother, Oscar, under the name of Exodus), but graduated to drum and bass. Though his preferred genres were acid house and Detroit techno, Reece become known for jungle music in the mid-1990s. His initial releases appeared on the Sinister, Creative Wax, and Moving Shadow record labels, but Reece made his name with Goldie's MetalHeadz Records. Single releases \"Basic Principles\" and \"Pulp Fiction\" became jungle standards. \"Pulp Fiction\" was released in 1995 as a single on MetalHeadz (MET H 011) where his surname was incorrectly listed as \"Reese\" on the first batch. \"Pulp Fiction\" was also later released on an album by Goldie, again on his MetalHeadz label, preventing Reece from putting it out on his own album \"So Far\" on the label, 4th & Broadway. Instead Reece produced a remake of \"Pulp Fiction\" called \"Pulp Friction\", released in 1996.",
"The two-step break used in \"Pulp Fiction\" sparked numerous imitators. Reece cemented his reputation with additional recordings as Jazz Juice (for Precious Materials), Lunar Funk (for Mo'Wax), and the Original Playboy (for R&S). In early 1995, Reece secured a recording contract when Island Records recruited him for their Quango subsidiary. His debut album, \"So Far\" was released in September 1996, but whilst the issue was well received in most circles, the jungle underground – led by Goldie – had practically disowned Reece by that time. His 1996 singles \"Feel the Sunshine\", \"Candles\" and \"Acid Lab\" were released under the Fourth & Broadway banner with real commercial success. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "English cricketer\nLuis Michael Reece (born 4 August 1990) is an English cricketer who plays for Derbyshire. He is a left-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium pace. He previously played for Lancashire before joining Derbyshire ahead of the 2017 season. Early life. Luis Reece was born in Taunton, Somerset and educated at St. Michael's CE High School and Myerscough College, both in Lancashire. Career. Reece played for the Lancashire Second XI in 2008–2009. He played non-first-class cricket for Leeds/Bradford UCCE in 2011. He then made his List A debut for the Unicorns in the 2011 Clydesdale Bank 40 against Lancashire, and made eight further List A appearances for the Unicorns in the 2011 season, taking a total of 5 wickets at an average of 34.40, with best figures of 4/35. He also scored a total of 115 runs in these matches, which came at a batting average of 23.00, with a high score of 26. In 2012 he played 11 games for the Unicorns, scoring 233 runs at 25.88 but taking only one wicket. When Leeds/Bradford MCCU played their first first-class matches in 2012 he scored 134 runs at 33.50 and took 5 wickets at 24.00. He captained the team in 2013, scoring 155 runs at 51.66 and taking 7 wickets at 24.14. In the match against Leicestershire, which Leeds/Bradford MCCU won by 102 runs, he scored 114 not out. He made his County Championship debut for Lancashire against Essex in June 2013, playing as an opening batsman.",
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popqa | 039bc7c9-dc17-4834-809d-11eebcd031cd | In what city was Eduardo Gudiño Kieffer born? | Eduardo Gudiño Kieffer | [
"Esperanza",
"Esperanza, Santa Fe"
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"Argentine writer (1935–2002)\nEduardo Gudiño Kieffer (November 2, 1935 – September 20, 2002) was an Argentine writer. Biography. Kieffer was born on November 2, 1935, in Esperanza, Santa Fe in Argentina. On his mother's side, he was related to Argentinian painter Sebastian Spreng. He was part of the Latin American literature boom of the 1960s. He graduated as a lawyer at the Universidad del Litoral in Santa Fe but never practiced law. He wrote novels, essays, short stories, children's books, scripts and theatre plays. He was also a renowned journalist. For many years he was a columnist for the Culture page of the newspaper La Nación. His books have been translated into many languages. He was also part of the jury in many literary competitions. His main theme was Buenos Aires, and he was named \"Ciudadano Ilustre de la Ciudad\" (Distinguished Citizen of Buenos Aires). He was married to Beatriz Trento and later divorced, they had three children. He died in Buenos Aires on September 20, 2002. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Gudiño (sometimes written without the tilde as Gudino) is a Spanish surname. Notable people with this name include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Gudiño.",
"Kieffer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Kieffer.",
"Mexican footballer (born 1996)\nRaúl Manolo Gudiño Vega (born 22 April 1996) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga MX club Necaxa. Club career. Porto. On 29 August 2014, Guadalajara announced that Gudiño would be joining Portuguese club FC Porto on a ten-month loan, with an option to make the move permanent. He made his debut for the B team in November 2014 against Academico Viseu in the Segunda Liga. On 14 February 2015, he would block a penalty against Feirense in the 32nd minute to help Porto B clinch a 1–0 victory. On 16 June 2015, Porto announced they had signed Gudiño on a permanent deal by triggering the buy option for €1.5 million. On 11 February 2016, Gudiño joined União da Madeira on loan from FC Porto for the remainder of the season. APOEL (loan). On 31 August 2017, Gudiño signed with Cypriot side APOEL FC on a season-long loan. On 17 October, during the UEFA Champions League group-stage match against Borussia Dortmund, Gudiño came on as a substitute for Boy Waterman, becoming the first Mexican goalkeeper to play in a Champions League match. Guadalajara. On 26 May 2018, Gudiño rejoined Guadalajara after his year-long loan spell with APOEL. On 21 July, he made his debut against Tijuana in a 2–1 loss.",
"On 30 September, during his first \"Súper Clásico\" against Club América, Gudiño would block Mateus Uribe’s stoppage-time penalty, keeping the score at 1–1. Following the match, manager José Saturnino Cardozo praised his performance, saying: \"[Gudiño] is an excellent goalkeeper, he is growing as a goalkeeper, he has an imposing physique... I think [Mateus Uribe] was frightened by his physical appearance in the penalty box.\" Atlanta. On 20 June 2022, Gudiño joined Atlanta United as a free agent on a 1-year contract. International career. Youth. From 2012 to 2013, Gudiño participated with the under-17 side. He participated in the winning side of the 2013 CONCACAF U-17 Championship, where he won the Golden Glove award. Gudiño was called up to the under-20 team for the 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup. He was a starter for the first match against Mali but was benched for the following match. Gudiño won the CONCACAF Youth Goalkeeper of the Year award in 2013 for his performances in the CONCACAF U-17 Championship and the FIFA U-17 World Cup. Senior. On 2 October 2018, Gudiño was called up by interim manager Ricardo Ferretti for the October friendlies against Costa Rica and Chile. He earned his first cap with the senior national team on 11 October against Costa Rica, coming on as a half-time substitute for Gibrán Lajud, with Mexico winning the match 3–2. Style of play."
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popqa | dc753547-47f4-47c2-9e04-d77ba90fcf11 | In what city was Greg Windsperger born? | Greg Windsperger | [
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"the 612"
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"American ski jumper\nGreg Windsperger (born December 30, 1951, in Minneapolis) is an American former ski jumper who competed in the 1976 Winter Olympics. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German composer\nLothar Windsperger (22 October 1885 – 30 May 1935) was a German composer as well as long-standing literary editor and publisher at Schott. Life and career. Born in Ampfing, Windsperger, son of a well-known organist and school teacher, received his first basic musical education from his father, who he lost at the age of five. Windsperger nevertheless remained true to music, even when he first began his training as a primary school teacher in Rosenheim, where he had moved with his mother in 1898, at a taxidermy institute. In 1900 he finally changed to the University of Music and Performing Arts Munich. There he was taught composition and harmony by Josef Rheinberger and Rudolf Louis, among others, and piano by August Schmid-Lindner. Later he continued his studies with Hugo Riemann in Leipzig and work weeks with Hermann Abendroth at the Rheinische Musikschule in Cologne. In February 1905 Windsperger appeared in Munich with an orchestral concert in which he performed his one-hour, one-movement \"Sinfonie der Sehnsucht\". According to the judgement of H. Teibler in the \"Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung\" of 24 February 1905 (p. 151), however, he thereby \"only provoked the unwillingness of all well-meaning people; this concert was an assassination of the good will of the audience\". In 1913 he accepted an offer to start as a lector at the music publisher B. Schott's Söhne in Mainz.",
"This enabled him to influence the clarification of special questions in the context of the publication of various works as well as the structure, structure and technique of the compositions of other musicians. Among other things, he was also the editor of the works of Josip Štolcer-Slavenski, Ernst Toch and Carl Orff. Windsperger was particularly fascinated by Orff's music educational ideas and his works were subsequently published in their entirety by Schott from 1923 onwards. For this reason, he introduced the Orff Schulwerk in its original version from 1930 to various kindergartens in Mainz. From his position, Windsperger often transcribed entire opera and choral works by other composers. For example, he transcribed a large part of Verdi' or Wagner' operas as well as difficult solo or chamber music compositions by other composers into easily playable piano scores. These new editions, as well as his complete own compositions, were finally published by Schott in the form of anthologies. In addition to this task, Windsperger worked as a teacher of theory and piano in Mainz and Wiesbaden and finally accepted a position at the Peter Cornelius Conservatory of the city of Mainz in 1933, where he took over the position of director as successor to Hans Gál, who had emigrated after the Nazi's Machtergreifung because of his Hungarian-Jewish descent. One of his most famous pupils here was Rudolf Desch. But only two years later Windsperger died in Franckfurt on 30 May 1935 at the age of 49.",
"About Windsperger's work as a composer of late romanticism on the way to contemporary music, Anton Würz writes in volume 14 of the Musiklexikon \"Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart':\n \"Lothar Windsperger's varied oeuvre bears witness to the creative power and individuality of a serious, internalized artistic personality. Like the greater ones, M. Reger, H. Pfitzner and H. Kaminski, standing between the times, he strove to move from his epochally conditioned late-Romantic starting point to a penetration of traditional forms with new means of expression. His tonal language is often harsh, hardly ever persuasive through external effects, but rich in fine expressive-poetic traits. A strong ethical will of confession speaks from his main works. His violin concerto is often called by Hans Engel: Bruckner consecration and religiousness fulfilled, even more by the sage G. Mahlers. His two great choral works \"Missa Symphonica\" and \"Requiem\", published in 1926 and 1930 respectively, were perceived as very important contributions to contemporary music and were acknowledged as testimonies to an outstanding creative power. Characteristic examples of his gift for saying memorable things even in the smallest forms, and at the same time of his way of dealing with new musical language (for example the bitonality), are offered by the Piano Pieces op. 37. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Greg Greg is a rural locality in the Snowy Valleys Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. The locality lies on the route between Tumbarumba and Corryong. The western boundary of the locality is the Murray River (N.S.W. - Victoria border). Greg Greg lies close to where the Murray's course changes direction from generally south-to-north to generally east-to-west. Its northern boundary is the left bank of the Tooma River, and its eastern boundary is with Kosciuszko National Park. To its south lies the rural locality of Bringenbrong. The area of the locality includes the parish of the same name, but also includes part of the neighbouring parish of Welumba. The area now known as Greg Greg lies close to the boundaries of the traditional lands of Ngarigo and Jaimathang peoples. Greg Greg takes its name from an early grazing run operated by John Pierce (1817—1897), from at least the early 1860s. The origin of the name Greg Greg is the settlers' rendering of an Aboriginal word, said to imitate the croaking of frogs. The area is relatively well-watered cattle grazing country. It was later subject to selection—although it seems there was some 'dummying' by the Pierce family to retain effective control of their land—and also to subdivision, resulting in the smaller landholdings still apparent today. The Pierce family and Greg Greg Station became well known for breeding of thoroughbred horses, providing horses to annual horse sales into the 1950s."
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popqa | 29225af5-56b5-457e-8b51-c149cb78f89c | In what city was Matt Moralee born? | Matt Moralee | [
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"English footballer\nMatthew Whitfield Moralee (1878–1962) was an English footballer who played as a half back for The Wednesday, Doncaster Rovers and Mexborough Town from 1902. Born in Newcastle upon Tyne, by 1901 he was living in Sheffield where he played for Division 1 side The Wednesday, who would later change their name to Sheffield Wednesday. Moralee was seen as being part of the \"rare talent\" of the reserve team though in a team that were Division 1 Champions in 1902−03 and 1903−04, he went on to only make a handful of first team appearances. For the 1904−05 season, he moved to play for Doncaster Rovers who had just been voted into Division 2 and who went on to have the joint worst season in English Football League history, ending up bottom with just 8 points from 34 games and failing to be re-elected. Moralee scored in 1 of his 32 League games for Doncaster in that season, and once in 2 FA Cup games. The following season he scored 3 times, all from the penalty spot. In 1906 he moved to play for Mexborough who were also in the Midland League. He and his wife Isabella had seven children, one of whom was also called Matt Moralee who played for Gainsborough Trinity, Grimsby Town, Aston Villa and Leicester City between the wars. Matt Moralee (senior) died in Doncaster in 1962. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nMatthew Moralee (21 February 1912−1991) was an English footballer who played as an inside forward in the Football League between the wars. Born in Barnburgh, near Doncaster, he played for Ormsby United before going to Denaby United, Gainsborough Trinity and Grimsby Town. Moralee arrived at Division 1 side Aston Villa in October 1936 where he played in 12 games scoring one goal. In November 1937, he moved to Leicester City who had just been promoted to Division 1. Scoring 6 goals, he played in 43 league and cup matches for them before the outbreak of the war. He was the son of The Wednesday and Doncaster Rovers player, also called Matt Moralee. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nJamie Moralee (born 2 December 1971) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder or forward. Playing career. Moralee started his career at Crystal Palace but found his opportunities limited. He made only six appearances for the club, without scoring. He joined Millwall on a free transfer in September 1992. Moralee scored 20 goals in 76 appearances for Millwall in two seasons as they nearly gained promotion from Division One to the Premier League under Mick McCarthy. Moralee joined Watford for £450,000 in the summer of 1994. Signed as a replacement for 1993–94 player of the season Paul Furlong, who had left for Chelsea, Moralee proved to be a disappointment, scoring seven times in 69 appearances over two seasons. Watford were relegated to Division Two at the end of the 1995–96 season and Moralee was given a free transfer. Moralee joined Crewe Alexandra in August 1996, making his debut at Gresty Road in a 1-0 win over Stockport County, but played only 20 times in two seasons without scoring. He spent the 1998–99 season with Brighton & Hove Albion, whom he joined on a free transfer, scoring four times in 35 appearances. After being released once more, he played his final Football League season with Colchester United, for whom he scored twice in 29 appearances. After leaving Colchester, Moralee signed for full-time League of Wales side Barry Town, managed by former Crystal Palace colleague Peter Nicholas. He played for the side for three years, each time winning the title. His goal in a 2–0 win over T.N.S.",
"secured the title in 2001. As a consequence, Moralee also played in Champions League qualifiers. He left the club in 2003 when they suffered financial breakdown and a player exodus. Moralee had an unhappy 2003–04 season with Conference side Forest Green Rovers, scoring twice in 12 appearances, before rejoining Nicholas at Newport County in 2004, initially on loan. He had a difficult relationship with the fans of the club, but did score the winning goal in a 2–1 victory against Maidenhead that was vital to the club's Conference South survival After leaving the Welsh club to live closer to his London home, he played the 2005–06 season for Chelmsford City. He also represented a Watford side in Sky's Masters Football. Post-playing career. Moralee is listed on the website of New Era Global Sports Management as the company's managing director. Moralee is also the agent of ex-Manchester United defender Rio Ferdinand and was widely quoted in the press expressing dismay at Roy Hodgson's decision to omit his client from the UEFA Euro 2012 England squad. His business interests include co-ownership of the company New Era Overseas, which looks to help footballers with financial investment. Personal life. He is married to Lisa, with a son, Frankie, born in 2005. He attended Ingram High School close to Selhurst Park, the home of Crystal Palace F.C. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English cricketer\nMarie Frances Moralee (born 26 June 1971) is an English former cricketer who played as an all-rounder. She appeared in three One Day Internationals for England in the 1991 European Women's Cricket Championship. She took three wickets for just six runs on debut against The Netherlands. Across her three matches she took three wickets, scored 25 runs and took two catches. She played county cricket for Kent. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 8dc3258a-bf6b-4569-82cd-a98cda8a1fc0 | In what city was Petar Stambolić born? | Petar Stambolić | [
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"Yugoslav communist politician\nPetar Stambolić (;; 12 July 1912 – 21 September 2007) was a Yugoslav-born Serbian communist politician who served as the President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia from 1963 to 1967 and as President of the Presidency from 1982 until 1983. Biography. Stambolić was born in Brezova, Ivanjica, Kingdom of Serbia. He graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Agriculture. He had a long career in the Serbian and Yugoslav communist parties. During the Second World War he was member of communist Partisan forces. His notable military engagements include the Partisan attack on Sjenica. His nephew was Serbian president Ivan Stambolić. Stambolić served as president of the Central Committee of the Serbian Communist Party from 1948 to 1957. During that time he was prime minister of Serbia from 1948 to 1953 and then served as president of the National Assembly of Serbia until 1957 and President of the Federal Assembly of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 26 March 1957 until 29 June 1963. He also served as the president of the federal executive council of Yugoslavia from 1963 to 1967, and President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia from 1982 to 1983. He died in Belgrade, Serbia in 2007. He was marries to the partisan Judita Alargić. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Stambolić is a Serbian surname Стамболић. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname .",
"Serbian politician\nIvan Stambolić (; 5 November 1936 – 25 August 2000) was a Serbian politician who served as the president of the League of Communists of Serbia (SKS) from 1984 to 1986. A prominent member of SKS, he also served as prime minister of Serbia from 1978 to 1982 and as president of Serbia from 1986 to 1987. Stambolić was the mentor of Slobodan Milošević whom he also nominated as his successor to the position of the president of SKS. Milošević would, however, adopt populist positions and dismiss Stambolić and his allies in 1987. Stambolić retired from politics but remained in contact with opposition politicians during Milošević's rule in the 1990s. Stambolić was persuaded by the Democratic Opposition of Serbia to run against Milošević in the September 2000 general election, however, Stambolić disappeared in August 2000. It was later revealed that he was assassinated on the orders of Milošević. His uncle was politician Petar Stambolić. Career. Born in village of Brezova near Ivanjica, Stambolić has graduated from the University of Belgrade's Law School. In May 1986, he became the President of Serbia. He was a mentor and a close personal friend to Slobodan Milošević, and supported him in the elections for the new leader of the League of Communists of Serbia, to the dismay of the other leaders in the party. Stambolić spent three days advocating Milošević's election and finally managed to secure him a tight victory, the tightest ever in the history of Serbian Communist Party internal elections.",
"Stambolić and Milošević held similar views on the autonomous provinces of Serbia, Kosovo and Vojvodina, both feeling that constitutional changes were necessary to sort out their relationship with the centre. Stambolić managed to win over the League of Communists of Yugoslavia to his position on this matter at the Thirteenth Congress of the LCY, held in 1986, and then set up a commission to work out the details of the constitutional reforms that were eventually passed in 1989. He also wanted to protect the rights of Serbs and Montenegrins in Kosovo, insisting as early as 1982 that he would speak up for those rights even if his opponents labelled him a Greater Serbian nationalist. Where Milošević and he differed on these matters was Milošević's demand for greater rapidity and his stronger sympathy for Serb demonstrators. It was the issue of speed that was to bring the two into conflict. Stambolić and the Serbian government joined the federal Yugoslav government in harshly condemning the controversial Memorandum of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts of 1986 for inciting nationalism. Stambolić said:\n\"We [communist party leaders] do not accept the Memorandum’s call for Serbia to turn its back on its own future and the future of Yugoslavia, for it to arbitrarily accuse the proven leaders of the revolution and of socialist development, for Serbian Communists to be seen as the illegitimate leaders of the working class and people of Serbia\". Dragiša Pavlović, Milošević's fairly liberal successor at the head of the Belgrade Committee of the party, opposed his policy towards the solving of the issues of the Kosovo Serbs, calling it \"hastily promised speed\".",
"Milošević denounced Pavlović as being soft on Albanian radicals, contrary to advice from Stambolić. On 23/24 September 1987, at the subsequent eighth session of the Central Committee, one that lasted around 30 hours, and was broadcast live on the state television, Milošević had Pavlović deposed, to the utter embarrassment of Stambolić, who resigned under pressure from Milošević's supporters a few days later. In December 1987, Stambolić was officially voted off the position and replaced by Petar Gračanin, who was in turn succeeded the following year by Milošević himself. Disappearance and death. Stambolić mysteriously disappeared on 25 August 2000, still during the rule of Slobodan Milošević. On 28 March 2003, the police revealed that he was murdered on Fruška Gora by eight Special Operations Unit officers. On 18 July 2005, these men and their co-conspirators were found guilty of the murder of Stambolić and were sentenced to between 15 and 40 years in prison. The court found that the order for Stambolić's murder came from Slobodan Milošević. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | a2f0c20e-b86d-4a30-a87f-c570b1ff8f8a | In what city was Jorge Betancourt born? | Jorge Betancourt | [
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"Cuban diver\nJorge Betancourt García (born February 13, 1982, in Matanzas) is a male diver from Cuba. He represented his native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 2004 (Athens, Greece). Betancourt twice (2003 and 2007) won a silver medal at the Pan American Games alongside Erick Fornaris in the Men's 3m Springboard Synchro event.",
"Venezuelan baseball player (born 1975)\nRafael Jose Betancourt (born April 29, 1975) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball relief pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians and Colorado Rockies, as well as in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Yokohama BayStars. Career. Boston Red Sox. Betancourt was originally signed as an amateur free agent by the Boston Red Sox on September 13, 1993. The Red Sox released him following the 1999 season and then re-signed him as a free agent in December 2000 after he spent the 2000 season with the Yokohama BayStars. He was granted free agency again in October 2001, after serving the required time to acquire free agency. Cleveland Indians. After sitting out the 2002 season due to right elbow surgery, Betancourt signed with the Cleveland Indians as a minor league free agent on February 6, 2003. He began the season with the Double-A Akron Aeros, making 31 appearances and posting a 1.39 ERA, 16 saves and 75 strikeouts in <templatestyles src=\"Fraction/styles.css\" />45+1⁄3 innings. Betancourt was soon promoted to the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons, where he recorded one save and a 4.05 ERA in four games. On July 12, the Indians purchased Betancourt's contract, and he made his Major League debut for the Indians the next day against the Chicago White Sox.",
"In the game, he tossed <templatestyles src=\"Fraction/styles.css\" />1+1⁄3 innings, giving up an earned run while walking one and striking out one. Betancourt pitched in 33 games for the Indians in 2003, going 2–2 with one save and an ERA of 2.13. In 2004, Betancourt spent the entire season with the Indians, finishing 5–6 with four saves and a 3.92 ERA in 68 relief appearances. On July 8, 2005, Betancourt became the sixth Major League player to be suspended for testing positive in steroids testing. He went on to appear in 54 games, posting a 4–3 record, one save and a 2.79 ERA. In 2006, Betancourt's ERA grew a full run higher than his previous season. He finished with a 3–4 record, three saves and a 3.81 ERA in 50 relief appearances. Betancourt's best season was in 2007, as he finished 5–1 with three saves and a 1.47 ERA in 68 relief appearances. He registered career bests in ERA, innings pitched (<templatestyles src=\"Fraction/styles.css\" />79+1⁄3), WHIP (0.76), and walks allowed (9). On January 23, 2008, Betancourt signed a new two-year contract with the Indians worth $5.4 million guaranteed. The deal also included a $5 million club option for 2010.",
"His success from 2007 did not carry over to 2008, as he finished 3–4 with four saves and a 5.07 ERA in 69 relief appearances. In 2009, Betancourt began the season 1–2 with one save and a 3.52 ERA in 29 games. Colorado Rockies. On July 23, 2009, Betancourt was traded to the Colorado Rockies for minor league pitcher Connor Graham. He made 32 relief appearances with the Rockies to finish the season, going 3–1 with one save and a 1.78 ERA. His $5 million club option was declined at the end of the season, making him a free agent. Betancourt qualified as a Type A free agent, and was offered arbitration by the Rockies. On December 7, 2009, Betancourt accepted the arbitration offer from the Rockies, returning to the team from free agency. In his first full season in Colorado, he finished 5–1 with one save and a 3.61 ERA in 72 games. Betancourt improved on those numbers in 2011, going 2–0 with eight saves and a 2.89 ERA in 68 relief appearances. After numerous seasons being a set up man, Betancourt was named the Rockies' closer prior to the 2012 season. On January 25, he signed a two-year, $8.5 million contract extension with the Rockies that included an option for 2014. Betancourt saved 31 games as closer, and posted a 1–4 record with a 2.81 ERA in 60 relief appearances. Betancourt made 32 relief appearances in 2013, going 2–5 with 16 saves and a 4.08 ERA.",
"On August 22, he suffered a season-ending injury to his right elbow. Eight days later, it was announced that Betancourt would undergo Tommy John surgery to repair the ulnar collateral ligament in his right elbow. Despite concerns that the injury may end his career, manager Walt Weiss stated that Betancourt would continue pitching. On October 29, the Rockies declined his option for 2014, making him a free agent. On April 25, 2014, Betancourt signed a new minor league deal with the Rockies. He spent the season rehabbing from surgery and did not make an appearance in the majors. On January 30, 2015, Betancourt signed a minor league contract to remain with the Rockies. He made his return to the Rockies' bullpen on April 6, tossing a scoreless inning while striking out two in Colorado's 10–0 win over the Milwaukee Brewers. On August 23, Betancourt was designated for assignment. At the time, he was 2–4 with one save a 6.18 ERA in 45 relief appearances. Betancourt was released by the Rockies on August 27. Betancourt announced his retirement from baseball on February 26, 2016. Pitching style. Betancourt's best pitches were a 90–94 MPH four-seam fastball, and a slider which was often mistakenly called a slurve. He also threw a changeup. Although he was not classified as a strikeout pitcher, Betancourt got more than his share by throwing a significant number of strikes. He was a converted shortstop with a metal plate and six screws in his pitching elbow."
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popqa | 8a91b87a-3b1e-4e23-b318-4c8fc1ae9891 | In what city was Paul Humphries born? | Paul Humphries | [
"Bromsgrove"
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"English cricketer\nPaul Jonathan Humphries (born 20 October 1965) is a former English cricketer. Humphries was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire. Hughes made his debut for Herefordshire in the 1993 Minor Counties Championship against Cheshire. From 1993 to 1994, he played 3 further Championship matches for the county. In 1995, he joined Staffordshire. His debut for the county came in the Minor Counties Championship against Hertfordshire. During the 1995 season, he played 3 further Championship matches, the last of which came against Cumberland. In 1997, he rejoined Herefordshire. It was during his second spell that he made his debut in the MCCA Knockout Trophy against Wiltshire in 1998. From 1998 to 2001, he represented the county in 15 Trophy matches, the last of which came against the Worcestershire Cricket Board. In his second spell with the county, he made a further 31 Minor Counties Championship matches, the last of which came against Oxfordshire in 2001. He also represented Herefordshire in List A cricket during his second stint. His debut List A match came against Middlesex in the 1998 NatWest Trophy. From 1998 to 2001, he represented the county in 5 List A matches, the last of which came against the Gloucestershire Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 5 matches, he took 6 wickets at a bowling average of 30.83, with best figures of 2/25. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American murderer (1971–2005)\nShawn Paul Humphries (October 19, 1971 – December 2, 2005) was a murderer executed by the U.S. state of South Carolina. He was convicted of the January 1, 1994, murder of Dickie Smith in Fountain Inn, South Carolina. Humphries was pronounced dead at 6:18 p.m. EST on December 2, 2005, by lethal injection at the Broad River Correctional Institution in Columbia. Youth. His father was extremely abusive towards Humphries and introduced him to alcohol, drugs, and paint fumes when he was between the ages of six and ten. Humphries' aunt said that his father had said on several occasions that he did not love his children and wished that they had been aborted. Humphries had only been conceived after his mother had been raped at knife-point by her estranged husband. He lived with his brother and grandparents from the time he was three until the age of twelve. His grandfather testified that both he and his wife were heavy drinkers and that she grew marijuana in their backyard. Only when their mother remarried did the boys return to live with her. Prior to the murders he had a criminal record. Humphries was arrested in 1984 for two counts of breaking and entering and was placed on probation. He received more probation after being suspended from school for fighting on several occasions. At fifteen he was sent to a state facility in Columbia for thirty days. In January 1989 he was arrested after breaking into a church while looking for food, as he was homeless at the time. His first jail term was in Alabama from stealing a car.",
"He received two years in prison followed by four years of probation. Attempted robbery and murder. Humphries and his friend Eddie Blackwell had been driving around drinking beer on the night of January 1, 1994, and decided to rob the Max-Saver convenience store. When they entered the shop around 7 a.m., Dickie Smith asked the two men if they would like something hot. Humphries reportedly flashed his stolen gun at the owner, and demanded money. Smith then reached under the counter and Humphries fired one shot that hit Smith in the head. Fleeing the scene, Humphries left Blackwell in the shop, where he was arrested by police. Humphries was apprehended a short time later. Humphries said that he panicked when he saw Smith reach behind the counter and that he was not a cold-blooded killer. Trial and appeals. He was convicted on August 5, 1994, of murder, attempted robbery, possession of a firearm during the commission of a violent crime, and criminal conspiracy. For the murder he received a death sentence, and concurrent sentences of twenty years for the robbery and five years for criminal conspiracy. For his part in the crime Edward Blackwell received life imprisonment. His conviction and sentence were affirmed by the South Carolina Supreme Court. After this he filed various petition for a writ of certiorari and habeas corpus including the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina. All were denied. His appeals lawyers say that the trial had serious problems.",
"During his closing statement, the prosecutor compared the lives of Smith and Humphries during a year, suggesting, in the words of Judge Wilkinson of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, that \"his life is of less worth than that of someone else.\" The prosecutor stated that it was \"profane to give this man a gift of life under these circumstances.\" Wilkinson wrote in his dissenting opinion that the fact that Humphries's lawyer did not object to these statements is the hallmark of ineffective counsel. Execution. He was executed on December 2, 2005, by lethal injection, in the 1001st execution since the \"Gregg v. Georgia\" decision in 1976. His final statement was read before the execution by his lawyer. The one-and-a-half-page handwritten statement said in part:\n[…]I hope that my execution brings the Smith family some peace. But now I want to say something to everyone who supports this or any execution. We are all sinners, so what gives you the right as a sinner to take away a gift that God gave. […]\nHe also mouthed the words \"I'm sorry\" while looking at Kathy Carpenter, one of Smith's sisters. After the execution, she described those words as the \"greatest gift that I could have ever received\". His last meal consisted of a McDonald's hamburger, french fries, broccoli and cheese, and oat cereal.",
"Humphries is a surname, and may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname ."
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popqa | bedfe4d9-ce82-4be3-aaa8-2fb45d599d6c | In what city was Barbara Engel born? | Barbara Engel | [
"Hamburg",
"Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg",
"Hamburg, Germany",
"Hamburg, Freie und Hansestadt"
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"German fashion designer\nBarbara Engel (born 17 September 1952 in Hamburg) is a German fashion designer. Her father, Werner Engel, was European Rally Champion in 1955. From 1979 to 2008, she was married to actor Bernd Herzsprung. One of her daughters is the actress Hannah Herzsprung. At 24 years of age, Engel opened up her first Boutique named \"L'Uomo\". In recent years, she designed T-shirts for the label \"Louis und Louisa\", and Dirndl fashion for her own label \"Von mir!\". In the 1990s, Engel released two collections of fairy tales. In 2008, she was one of the contestants in \"Ich bin ein Star – Holt mich hier raus! \", the German version of the TV show \"I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American historian of Russia\nBarbara Alpern Engel (born 28 June 1943) is an American historian of Russia. Life. Barbara Alpern Engel was born in New York City on 28 June 1943 and graduated from Valley Stream Central High School in 1961. Enrolled in the City College of New York (CUNY), she was one of five women accepted into Princeton University's Cooperative Program in Critical Languages in 1963–64, the first female undergraduates there. Engel graduated from CUNY with a Bachelor of Arts in Russian area studies in 1965 and was awarded a Master of Arts in the same subject two years later by Harvard University. After graduation, she worked for two years as a bilingual secretary and part-time translator for the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, but felt frustrated as women were not getting promoted there despite possessing the same credentials. Engels enrolled in Columbia University, receiving her Ph.D in Russian history in 1975. She was appointed assistant professor at Sarah Lawrence College in 1973 and moved to the University of Colorado three years later, where she has remained ever since. She was promoted to associate professor in 1982 and full professor a decade later. Engel was the director of the Central and East European Studies Program from 1993 to 1995 and has also served as the chair of the Department of History. Work. Engel has written two solo books, \"the most recent of which is \"Between the Fields and the City: Women, Work and Family in Russia, 1861–1914\". In this work, she examines the effects of industrialization and urbanization on Russian peasant women.",
"'Her perceptive and sensitive use of disparate sources,’’ writes a reviewer, ‘‘including comparative works on women in Europe and fascinating archival evidence for the experiences of individual female peasants, is particularly noteworthy.' She is the recipient of the Chancellor’s Writing Award from the University of Colorado, a winner of the Elizabeth Gee Award for Excellence, a Boulder Faculty Assembly Award Winner for Excellence in Research and Creative Work, and the recipient of a Mortar Board Senior Honor Society Excellence in Teaching Award.\" She co-edited with Clifford N. Rosenthal, \"Five Sisters: Women Against the Tsar\" (1975), the memoirs of five female revolutionaries of the 1870s. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Engel means \"angel\" in some Germanic languages. Engel or Die Engel may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"1997 song by Rammstein\n\"Engel\" (German for \"Angel\" or \"Angels\") is a song by German Industrial metal band Rammstein. It was released in April 1997 as the first single from their second album, \"Sehnsucht\". The female part of song's chorus is sung by Christiane \"Bobo\" Hebold of the German pop band Bobo in White Wooden Houses. An English version of \"Engel\" can be found on US special editions of \"Sehnsucht\". According to an interview, keyboardist Christian Lorenz came up with the main riff for this song on a synthesizer along with a whistle melody. Music video. While Lindemann, Schneider and Flake are in the audience, Paul Landers can be seen taking Schneider's place by playing the drums and Kruspe and Riedel are seen singing. The video references the 1996 film, \"From Dusk till Dawn\". Live performances. A regular during the \"Sehnsucht\" tour, it was used as the last song of the main set in non-festival concerts. In the first months of the \"Mutter\" (2001) tour, \"Engel\" appeared in the setlists sporadically, but became a regular again in November, and continued as the last song of the main set until the end of the tour. When performed on stage, flames were shot into the air, and Schneider's drumsticks would shoot sparks."
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popqa | 6d387481-7b37-46aa-8be0-9c51a2e68f06 | In what city was Elena Romagnolo born? | Elena Romagnolo | [
"Borgosesia"
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"Elena Romagnolo (born 5 October 1982 in Borgosesia) is an Italian steeplechaser, middle and long-distance runner. She is the national record holder in the 3000 metres steeplechase, but now competes mainly in the 5000 metres. Biography. She first established herself as a steeplechase runner, taking back-to-back national titles in 2006 and 2007. She represented her country in that event at the 2006 European Athletics Championships, the 2007 World Championships in Athletics and the 2008 Summer Olympics. At the latter event she ran an Italian record of 9:27.48 minutes in the heats and finished eleventh in the final. Her final global appearance in the steeplechase came at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics, where she did not progress beyond the heats. Romagnolo has been a frequent representative for Italy in cross country running, having competed at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2011. Her best finish came in 2010 in Bydgoszcz, where she placed 24th overall. She was tenth at the 2008 European Cross Country Championships. She participated at two editions of the Summer Olympics (2008, 2012), she has 22 caps in national team from 2006 to 2012. Since 2009, she began to turn her attention to flat running rather than the steeplechase. She placed sixth in the 5000 metres final at the 2010 European Athletics Championships and was the silver medallist at the 2009 Mediterranean Games in Pescara (running a personal best of 15:13.19 minutes).",
"Romagnolo did not perform well in the 2011 season but she showed a return to form at the Cinque Mulini in March 2012, where she was runner-up to Kenya's Priscah Jepleting. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she reached the final of the women's 5000 metres. National titles. She won 7 times the individual national championship. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Romagnol or Romagnolo is the demonym of Romagna, may refer to:\nTopics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Italian breed of dog\nThe Lagotto Romagnolo is an Italian breed of dog. It originates in the marshlands of the Delta del Po in the eastern part of the Romagna sub-region of Italy. The name derives probably from the term “lagotto” which is the name of the inhabitants of the local town of Lagosanto. Another theory believes it comes instead from Romagnol \"can lagòt\", meaning \"water dog\". Its traditional function was as a gun dog, specifically a water retriever; since the drainage of large areas of wetland habitat in its area of origin, it is now more often used to hunt for truffles. History. The Lagotto originated in the lowlands of Comacchio and marshlands of Ravenna in the Delta del Po, in the eastern part of the Romagna sub-region of Italy. The name derives from Romagnol \"can lagòt\", meaning \"water dog\". Its traditional function was as a gun dog, specifically a water retriever; since the drainage of large areas of wetland habitat in its area of origin, it is now more often used to hunt for truffles. It has been known since the sixteenth century, but did not become widespread until the nineteenth. It was provisionally accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 1995, and received full acceptance in 2005. In 2018 the Ente Nazionale della Cinofilia Italiana recorded new registrations. Characteristics. The Lagotto is of small to medium size, rarely over at the withers, powerfully built and of rustic appearance.",
"It is roughly square in outline, the body length more or less equal to the height. The coat is thick, wool-like and tightly curled into ringlets. It may be completely off-white, or off-white with orange or brown patches or roaning, or solid orange or brown either with or without white markings. A Lagotto usually lives for about fifteen years. Neurological disorders that have been identified in the breed include cerebellar abiotrophy308 and idiopathic epilepsy.250\nNotes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nFurther reading. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | e7428ecb-22dc-4337-b95c-4693d6c9e964 | In what city was Joris Delle born? | Joris Delle | [
"Briey"
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"French footballer\nJoris Delle (born 29 March 1990) is a French footballer who plays as a goalkeeper. He is a former French youth international and has served as the number one goalkeeper at under-16, under-17, and under-21 level. Delle was a member of the 2005–06 Metz under-16 team that won the \"Championnat National des 16 ans\". Club career. Delle was born in Briey, France. On 23 May 2007, he signed his first professional contract agreeing to a three-year deal with FC Metz. For the 2009–10 season, he was installed as the club's fourth goalkeeper and its first-choice on the amateur team in the Championnat de France amateur 2. Delle appeared in 11 matches as Metz were crowned champions of the league finishing with 107 points. On 20 August 2010, he made his professional debut in a league match against Vannes earning a clean sheet in a 1–0 victory. On 2 July 2012, Delle joined Ligue 1 club Nice on a four-year deal. In 2013, Delle was loaned for one season to Belgian Pro League club Cercle Brugge. On 3 July 2015, Delle signed for RC Lens. On 3 August 2016, he signed a two-year contract with NEC Nijmegen. On 6 August 2018, he signed a one-year contract with Feyenoord. On 24 June 2019, he signed for Orlando Pirates in South Africa on a 3-year deal. He made his debut for Orlando Pirates in a league match against Chippa United at the Orlando stadium where they won 2–1.",
"He was released by Pirates in October 2020. On 15 June 2021, he returned to Belgium and signed a two-year contract with Kortrijk. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Joris, a Dutch form of the given name George, may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
" \nDelle () is a commune in the Territoire de Belfort department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in northeastern France. Delle is the last French town on the railway line from Belfort to Berne, in Switzerland. The railway station in Delle is served by trains to Belfort and Biel/Bienne. Population. <templatestyles src=\"Module:Historical populations/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Dutch painter\nJoris Ponse (March 1723, Dordrecht - December 1783, Dordrecht) was a Dutch painter primarily of birds, fruit, and flowers. Ponse was a scholar of Aert Schouman. He passed through many vicissitudes, being at one time reduced to gain a livelihood by house-painting. In middle life he was established at Amsterdam, where he had some pupils, among them Arie Lamme. His pictures are very scarce. References. Attribution:"
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"doc_chunk": "French footballer\nJoris Delle (born 29 March 1990) is a French footballer who plays as a goalkeeper. He is a former French youth international and has served as the number one goalkeeper at under-16, under-17, and under-21 level. Delle was a member of the 2005–06 Metz under-16 team that won the \"Championnat National des 16 ans\". Club career. Delle was born in Briey, France. On 23 May 2007, he signed his first professional contract agreeing to a three-year deal with FC Metz. For the 2009–10 season, he was installed as the club's fourth goalkeeper and its first-choice on the amateur team in the Championnat de France amateur 2. Delle appeared in 11 matches as Metz were crowned champions of the league finishing with 107 points. On 20 August 2010, he made his professional debut in a league match against Vannes earning a clean sheet in a 1–0 victory. On 2 July 2012, Delle joined Ligue 1 club Nice on a four-year deal. In 2013, Delle was loaned for one season to Belgian Pro League club Cercle Brugge. On 3 July 2015, Delle signed for RC Lens. On 3 August 2016, he signed a two-year contract with NEC Nijmegen. On 6 August 2018, he signed a one-year contract with Feyenoord. On 24 June 2019, he signed for Orlando Pirates in South Africa on a 3-year deal. He made his debut for Orlando Pirates in a league match against Chippa United at the Orlando stadium where they won 2–1.",
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popqa | d4b36b99-8f97-4f6e-bdfa-7ad64c275eea | In what city was Stone born? | Stone (singer) | [
"Paris",
"City of Light",
"Paris, France"
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"French singer and actor\nAnnie Gautrat, better known by her stage name Stone (born in Paris on 31 July 1947) is a French singer and actor, and very notably part of the musical duo Stone et Charden with her then-husband Éric Charden. the duo were successful in the 1970s with some hits in France and internationally. Biography. In 1966, Gautrat (Stone) was taking part in the \"Miss Beatnik\" competition where Éric Charden was a member of the jury. They were acquainted after the competition and got married the same year. Already having separate musical careers, they decided to form the duo known as Stone et Charden in 1971, releasing \"L'Avventura\" in 1972 and \"Made in Normandie\" in 1973. She also took part in the French musical comedy \"Mayflower\" written by Guy Bontempelli and music composed by Charden. Soon artistic and personal tensions resulted in a divorce and break-up of the duo in 1975 with each member pursuing a separate solo musical career. Éric Charden married Pascale Rivault, whereas Stone later married actor Mario d'Alba with whom she had 2 children, Martin and Daisy. In the early 1980s, she played in \"Le Plus beau métier du monde\" besides Charlotte Julian. The duo Stone et Charden reunited at the end of the 1990s taking part in some television shows and galas. A compilation of their songs was released in 1997. They also took part in the tour \"Âge tendre et Têtes de bois\" in France, Belgium and Switzerland.",
"Besides singing, she pursued a career in acting in theater most notably in \"Les 3 Jeanne\" and \"Les monologues du vagin\", the French-language adaptation of \"The Vagina Monologues\". Both she and her previous husband Éric Charden of Stone et Charden days were decorated with the Legion of Honour (in French Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur) on 1 January 2012 just months before the death of Éric Charden. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Russell Oliver Stone (8 October 1946 – 21 August 2024) was a British singer. Career. He started work in show business at age 18, and was a choir boy in The Black and White Minstrel Show. He joined Brotherhood of Man for a year in 1971. Stone also joined James Last Orchestra in 1971, and was a vocalist for the group until 1995. With his American wife, Joanne Ruby Stone, he formed the pop duo, R&J Stone. The duo had a hit with \"We Do It\" in 1976. Russell accompanied artists including Ray Charles, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, Adam Ant, Tony Bennett, Twisted Sister, Cliff Richard and Right Said Fred and did voice acting for commercials for companies such as McDonald's, Lloyds Bank, Midland Bank, The Halifax Building Society, Delta Airlines, Pacific Airlines, Capital Radio and BBC Radio 1. He worked with Icelandic composer Thor Baldursson in Munich, Germany. Stone had suffered from alcoholism for many years, and in the 2010s attempted a musical comeback, and released three solo albums, \"Love Aspects\" (2013), \"Groove Aspects\" (2014) and \"Devotional Aspects\" (2016). Personal life. Stone was born in Norwich and was educated at Loddon Primary School and Wymondham College. He received a diploma in counselling in 1998, and taught counselling at Farnborough College from 2000 to 2005. Stone's first wife and musical partner, Joanne Ruby Williams, died of a brain tumour in 1979. Stone later worked as a psychotherapist. He died on 21 August 2024.",
"References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American comedy duo\nStone and Stone is an American comedy duo consisting of twin brothers, Adam and Todd Stone (born on March 22, 1983). Life and career. Personal life. Adam and Todd Stone were born in New York City. They attended Wesleyan University together and graduated in 2005. Career. While at Wesleyan University, the brothers developed a variety show combining their individual performance skills into a single act. During their sophomore year, the brothers gave their first performance as \"Stone and Stone\". Online Series. Adam and Todd Stone portrayed recurring roles as The Henchman in \"Penelope Princess of Pets\", a comedic online series developed by the comedy duo of Kurt Braunohler and Kristen Schaal, which also includes a theme song written and performed by comedian/musician Reggie Watts. This web series consisted of 3- to 5-minute webisodes for comedy website Super Deluxe. Penelope premiered online in March 2007, with nine webisodes released. It was picked up soon after to be adapted into a television show for United Kingdom broadcaster Channel 4. Currently as of (2019) the Stones are working on a new web series called “Going Both Ways.“ It has been accepted into and presented at several prominent festivals around the United States. Comedic short films/commercials/television. The Stones have made numerous comedic short videos featured on the web. With highlights including work for Comedy Central's \"Atom TV\". They also starred as principals in a national Verizon FiOS commercial. The Stones have appeared on NBC’s \"Last Comic Standing\", where they reached the semi-final round in Las Vegas. Live performances."
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popqa | 4fb2658d-3249-4f55-b872-c172fa0c7fc7 | In what city was Maarten van Severen born? | Maarten van Severen | [
"Antwerp",
"Antwerpen",
"City of Antwerp",
"Anvers"
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"Maarten Van Severen (5 June 1956, Antwerp, Belgium – 21 February 2005, Ghent, Belgium) was a Belgian furniture designer and interior architect. He came from an artistic family: his father was the abstract painter Dan Van Severen while his brother, Fabian Van Severen, is also a designer. Maarten Van Severen started out studying architecture in Ghent, designing furniture from 1986 onward. He is considered one of the few Belgian designers who have achieved international success. Summary. The son of an abstract painter, Maarten Van Severen chose to study architecture at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Ghent). He completed three years before going to work in various agencies for interior design and furniture until 1986, when he began to design furniture. Van Severen's first piece, a long and slender steel table, has since been recreated as an aluminum model, which has been further refined over the years. In 1989 Van Severen produced his first wooden table. In 1990 he turned his attention to chairs. His work, hand-produced in his workshop in Ghent, reflects his quest for perfection in form, detail and fabrication. Van Severen subsequently worked in various different materials, from aluminium and plywood to bakelite and polyester. His initial work is still manufactured by Vitra and aiki (formerly tm/top mouton) today. Van Severen was also frequently commissioned as a decorator and furniture designer for private residence projects, teamed with Rem Koolhaas.",
"They worked together on the Villa dall'Ava in 1990, then again in Bordeaux in 1996 (Maison ‡ Floirac, OMA). He has also created exhibition stands of steel shelving for use at shows and trade fairs. From 1997 onward, he had been involved in industrial production for Target Lighting (U-Line lamp), Obumex (kitchen), Vitra (chair .03), Edra (Blue Bench), BULO (Schraag), among others. Van Severen died of cancer at the age of 48. In accordance with his wish that his artistic legacy be unlocked and made accessible for research, Van Severen's family and friends created the Maarten Van Severen Foundation, which has since been working on the inventory of the Maarten Van Severen archive. The archive is kept in De Zwarte Doos – City Archives Ghent. Also partnered in the project are the Center for Flemish Architecture Archives, the Design Museum Ghent and the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning at Ghent University.",
"Belgian politician\nJoris Van Severen (19 July 1894 – 20 May 1940) was a Belgian politician and ideologue of the Flemish Movement as well as a Pan-Netherlander. A leading figure of pre-World War II Flemish nationalism, he co-founded the extreme-right group Verdinaso. Early years. Van Severen was born in the Flemish town of Wakken as Georges Edmond Eduard Van Severen. His family was Flemish but, in keeping with a number of leading Flemings, spoke the French language and as such were given the derogatory nickname \"Fransquillon\" by Dutch speakers. Van Severen's father was a prominent lawyer who also served as mayor of Wakken. Van Severen was educated by Jesuits in the Sint-Barbaracollege, who taught in French, before studying law at the University of Ghent. Following the outbreak of the First World War Van Severen was called up to the Belgian Army. Initially a sergeant, he was promoted to second lieutenant in January 1917. While in the army Van Severen became part of the \"Front Beweging\", a secret Flemish nationalist group active within the Belgian Army, and also wrote an open letter to King Albert calling for greater autonomy for Flanders. The letter, which was the work of Van Severen and other intellectual soldiers such as Corporal Adiel de Beuckelaere, included calls for internal self-government and a separate Flemish Army.",
"When this was discovered Van Severen was interrogated by Military Police about his Flemish nationalist activities and after informing them that he supported the terms of the letter he was sentenced to eight days of house arrest. His ultimate punishment was to be demoted back into the ranks in June 1918. Political development. Already involved in the Flemish Movement, Van Severen began to develop his own wider ideology and world view. Towards the end of the war he became a convinced Russophile and reacted positively towards the Russian Revolution. He combined this with a strong Germanophobia, dismissing Germany as \"a gang of bandits with no soul\". Alongside this he had a strong faith in the Roman Catholic Church, and in particular admired the Catholic authors Léon Bloy and Albrecht Rodenbach, who was also an important figure of inspiration for the Flemish Movement. His ideas began to take shape in the journal \"Ons Vaterland\", which Van Severen and other like-minded soldiers produced from the front. Demobilised after the war, Van Severen returned to his studies at Ghent University, where he was chosen as president of the General Flemish Student Union. In 1921 he became editor of the journal \"Ter Waarheid\" and in this role his ideological outlook developed further as he shifted to the right. Although he had always been a nationalist Van Severen had held some respect for international socialism but by the early 1920s had abandoned this position in favour of a harder-edged nationalist Jacobinism. Frontpartij.",
"The only major political outlet for Flemish nationalism after the First World War was the Frontpartij and Van Severen duly joined this group. A candidate for the Roeselare-Tielt seat in the 1921 general election he was successful in gaining election to the Belgian Chamber of Representatives that year. As a member of the Chamber he supported a policy of \"flemicization\", encouraging the appointment of Flemings to leading roles in the judiciary, government, armed forces and other public institutions. As a parliamentarian he gained a reputation as a fiery and committed polemicist although he would lose interest and simply read passages from Charles Péguy in the Chamber instead of making speeches. His shift to the right continued apace as his most admired political philosophers became Maurice Barrès and Charles Maurras. Van Severen lost his seat in the 1929 general election by a technicality despite gaining more votes than his opponent, by then publicly expressing admiration for Benito Mussolini and Italian fascism, he established his own journal, \"Jong Dietschland\". In this he argued for the establishment of an independent 'Greater Netherlands' in which Dutch people, Flemings, Frisians and Luxembourgers would unite in a new \"Dietsch\" state. Although his plan proved popular amongst the students at Ghent, with whom he still held strong influence, the bulk of the \"Frontpartij\" membership, who were mainly war veterans, did not embrace the plan and the party's official newspaper \"De Schelde\" decried fascism. Verdinaso."
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popqa | 71725311-14db-4825-adfc-7da10ce4900e | In what city was Clarence Beck born? | Clarence Beck | [
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"Harrisburg, Pennsylvania"
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"American football player (1896–1962)\nClarence Robert Beck (March 13, 1896 – August 20, 1962) was a professional football player from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Biography. Beck attended high school at Harrisburg Tech where he scored a 105-yard touchdown for Tech against their rival Steelton. After high school, Beck attended Pennsylvania State University where he became a star offensive tackle. He made his professional debut in the National Football League in 1925 with the Pottsville Maroons and played in the NFL for one season. Prior to that, he played for the independent Union Quakers of Philadelphia in 1921. In 1924, Beck helped the Maroons win the 1924 Anthracite League championship. This move placed Clarence with his brother, Carl, on the Maroons team. In 1925, the Maroons entered the NFL. That year Clarence played on the Maroons team that won the 1925 NFL Championship, before it was stripped from the team due to a disputed rules violation. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American musician (born 1970)\nBeck David Hansen (born Bek David Campbell; July 8, 1970), known mononymously as Beck, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He rose to fame in the early 1990s with his experimental and lo-fi style, and became known for creating musical collages of wide-ranging genres. He has musically encompassed folk, funk, soul, hip hop, electronica, alternative rock, country, and psychedelia. He has released 14 studio albums (three of which were released on indie labels), as well as several non-album singles and a book of sheet music. Born and raised in Los Angeles, Beck gravitated towards hip hop and folk in his teens and began to perform locally at coffeehouses and clubs. He moved to New York City in 1989 and became involved in the city's anti-folk movement. Returning to Los Angeles in the early 1990s, he saw his commercial breakthrough with his 1994 single \"Loser.\" After signing with DGC Records, the song peaked at number ten on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and served as lead single for his third album and major label debut, \"Mellow Gold\" (1994). Its follow-up, \"Odelay\" (1996), topped critic polls and won several awards. He released the country-influenced, twangy \"Mutations\" in 1998, and the funk-infused \"Midnite Vultures\" in 1999.",
"The soft-acoustic \"Sea Change\" in 2002 showcased a more serious Beck, and 2005's \"Guero\" returned to \"Odelay\"'s sample-based production. \"The Information\" in 2006 was inspired by electro-funk, hip hop, and psychedelia; 2008's \"Modern Guilt\" was inspired by 1960s pop; and 2014's folk-infused \"Morning Phase\" won Album of the Year at the 57th Grammy Awards. His 2017 album, \"Colors\", won awards for Best Alternative Album and Best Engineered Album at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards. His fourteenth studio album, \"Hyperspace\", was released on November 22, 2019. In 2022, Beck was nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. With a pop art collage of musical styles, oblique and ironic lyrics, and postmodern arrangements incorporating samples, drum machines, live instrumentation and sound effects, Beck has been hailed by critics and the public throughout his musical career as being among the most idiosyncratically creative musicians of 1990s and 2000s alternative rock. Two of Beck's most popular and acclaimed recordings are \"Odelay\" and \"Sea Change\", both of which were ranked on \"Rolling Stone\"'s list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. Beck is a four-time platinum artist; he has collaborated with several artists and has made several contributions to soundtracks. Early life. Bek David Campbell was born in Los Angeles on July 8, 1970, the son of American visual artist Bibbe Hansen and Canadian arranger, composer, and conductor David Campbell.",
"Bibbe Hansen grew up amid Andy Warhol's The Factory art scene of the 1960s in New York City and was a Warhol superstar. She moved to California at 17 and met David Campbell. Beck's maternal grandfather, artist Al Hansen was of Norwegian descent and was a pioneer in the avant-garde Fluxus movement. Beck's maternal grandmother was Jewish; he has said that he considers himself Jewish because he was \"raised celebrating Jewish holidays.\" Beck was born in a rooming house near downtown Los Angeles. As a child he lived in a declining neighborhood near Hollywood Boulevard. He remembers \"By the time we left there, they were ripping out miles of houses en masse and building low-rent, giant apartment blocks.\" The working-class family struggled financially, moving to Hoover and Ninth Street, a neighborhood populated primarily by Koreans and Salvadorian refugees. He was sent for a time to live with his paternal grandparents in Kansas; he later remarked that he thought \"they were kind of concerned\" about his \"weird\" home life. Since his paternal grandfather was a Presbyterian minister, Beck grew up influenced by church music and hymns. He also spent time in Europe with his maternal grandfather. After his parents separated when he was 10, Beck stayed with his mother and brother Channing in Los Angeles, where he was influenced by the city's diverse musical offerings—everything from hip hop to Latin music and his mother's art scene—all of which would later reappear in his work. Beck obtained his first guitar at 16 and became a street musician, often playing Lead Belly covers at Lafayette Park.",
"During his teens, Beck discovered the music of Sonic Youth, Pussy Galore, and X, but remained uninterested in most music outside the folk genre until many years into his career. The first contemporary music that made a direct connection with Beck was hip hop, which he first heard on Grandmaster Flash records in the early 1980s. Growing up in a predominantly Latin district, he found himself the only white child at his school, and quickly learned how to breakdance. When he was 17, Beck grew fascinated after hearing a Mississippi John Hurt record at a friend's house, and spent hours in his room trying to emulate Hurt's finger-picking techniques. Shortly thereafter Beck explored blues and folk music further, discovering Woody Guthrie and Blind Willie Johnson. Feeling like \"a total outcast\", Beck dropped out of school after junior high. He later said that although he felt school was important, he felt unsafe there. When he applied to the new performing arts high school downtown, he was rejected. His brother took him to post-Beat jazz places in Echo Park and Silver Lake. He hung out at Los Angeles City College perusing records, books, and old sheet music in the college's library. He used a fake ID to sit in on classes there, and he also befriended a literature instructor and his poet wife. He worked at a string of menial jobs, including loading trucks and operating a leaf blower. Career. Early performances and first releases (1988–1993). Beck began as a folk musician, switching between country blues, Delta blues, and more traditional rural folk music in his teenage years."
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popqa | 8fc8fd2c-da90-40b8-a282-18f104cec7e3 | In what city was Aloïs Boudry born? | Aloïs Boudry | [
"Ypres",
"leper"
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"Belgian painter\nAloïs Boudry (12 August 1851, Ypres – 27 November 1938, Antwerp) was a Belgian painter known for his portraits, still lifes and interiors. Life. He studied at the art schools in Ypres and Roeselare and finished at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp), where his teachers were Nicaise De Keyser and Jozef Van Lerius. In 1885, he joined \"Als ik Kan\" (If I Can), an association of visual artists devoted to preserving traditional methods. He participated in the exposition \"Brussels International 1910\", where he won a silver medal. When the seaside resort of Knokke-Heist began a promotional campaign in 1913, he designed the posters, which became well-known. At the outbreak of World War I, he fled to England and established himself as a portraitist. In 1917, he moved to Italy to await the end of the war, then returned to Belgium. Wherever he was, he sought out humble people as the subjects for his paintings. His depictions of the fisherman of Nieuwpoort are especially popular. Many of them can be seen at the National Fishery Museum in Oostduinkerke. His son, Robert (1872-1961), was also a painter, as was his grandson Paul (1913-1976). His great-granddaughter, Nele, is currently a painter in Ghent. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Boudry is a municipality in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland. History. Boudry is first mentioned in 1278 as \"Baudri\". There are numerous prehistoric settlements around Boudry. These include the neolithic stilt houses on the banks of Lake Neuchâtel, the caves of Abri Baume du Four (occupied from the Neolithic to the La Tène period), tumuli of the Hallstatt period in the Vallon de Vers and two Celtic villages at Les Buchilles. There a number of Roman era artifacts and a Burgundian cemetery at Bel-Air by the Areuse river. During the Middle Ages it was the capital of the seigneurie of Boudry. Until the 14th Century, the hamlets of Pontareuse and Vermondins were part of the seigneurie. Pontareuse was near the bridge, with which the Roman road of Vy d'Etraz crossed the Areuse, while Vermondins was on a plateau near the modern city of Boudry. In 1282, Pierre de Vaumarcus sold the jurisdiction rights to Girard d'Estavayer. In 1313, his son Rollin sold these rights to count Rudolph IV of Neuchâtel. Two years before, Rudolph IV had seized the Bailiwick of Areuse from Pierre d'Estavayer. Boudry Castle was probably built before 1278 by the Counts of Neuchâtel.",
"So the purchase in 1313 united both of these lands together with the castle lands under the Counts of Neuchâtel. The castle was often given as a feudal landholding to daughters or wives of the House of Neuchâtel. On 12 September 1343, Count Louis granted the town a charter modeled after the laws of the city of Neuchatel, albeit with some limitations. In 1369 they acquired the right to collect the \"Ungeld\" or excise tax in the towns of Boudry and Cortaillod. In 1373, Marguerite de Vufflens, the widow of Louis of Neuchâtel, was given the office of Castellan in Boudry. However, the stormy relationship between the citizens and the family caused Isabella of Neuchâtel to give the office to her mother-in-law in 1379. The castellan office in Boudry was temporarily held by Girard of Neuchatel, the Lord of Vaumarcus, between 1394 and 1413. Then it went to the Counts of Neuchatel. The castellan had jurisdiction over both Boudry, the nearby priory of Bevaix and part of Bôle. The court had 14 judges and was chaired by the governor or his castellan. Before 1832, the civil courts of Rochefort, Bevaix and Cortaillod were all under Boudry. The civil courts were dissolved in 1832 and the three towns were all brought directly under the court of Boudry.",
"During the Middle Ages, the parish church of Boudry was located in Pontareuse, north of the town. At that time the parish comprised a part of Cortaillod, Boudry, Bôle, Rochefort and Brot and stretched, in the north, to the border with the County of Burgundy. The right of \"présentation\" (the ability to present a candidate for an office, who could only be rejected if his appointment would break a law) was held by the cathedral chapter of Lausanne. During the Protestant Reformation in 1534, the parish priest, Claude Gauthier, kept Boudry Roman Catholic while the surrounding parishes converted to the Reformed faith. The church at Pontareuse then became a shared church and thus served both denominations for several years. The remains of this church were still visible in 1815, but have since vanished. At the beginning of the 17th Century the inhabitants of Rochefort and Bôle both had a deacon who specially supervised their churches. In 1645–47, a Reformed church was built in the center of town. The Reformed parish included only the inhabitants of the town. In 1832 the parish was absorbed by Areuse. The municipal community of Boudry gained a number of rights in the 16th century. In 1510 they were allowed to build a town hall and in 1513 they built a mill. In 1523, the community received permission to lease their communal lands, followed in 1526, by the right to build houses outside the walls. Starting in 1540, they were allowed to appoint two mayors who administered the municipal lands.",
"They were allowed to build a clock tower in 1548. Through various purchases the community acquired considerable rights in Champ-du-Moulin. The maintenance of the walls, the gates of the bridge and the town hall was paid from a fund which was managed by Boudry and Cortaillod together. The funds came from a special tax (Eminem de la porte), which was only paid by the inhabitants of Cortaillod. This tax led to a number of conflicts between the two communities until its abolition in 1813. In the course of the 18th century, the membership in the municipal community became closed. Only members of the citizen or the permanent resident (the so-called bourgeois non-communities) classes were allowed to join the municipal community, were not granted. Boudry became the district capital in 1848. In the 18th Century Boudry became industrialized with the founding of three factories; Vauvilliers (from before 1742 until 1874), Les Iles (1727–1844) and Grand Champ (1761–1841). The factory buildings were later used by various industries, for example, the Vauvilliers factory building became a straw hat factory. A watch factory in Boudry was replaced in 1944 by a battery factory. In 1958, a large machine tool factory opened in the town. Other businesses in Boudry included the publishing house La Baconnière, which peaked during the Second World War. In Perreux, a Federal hospital for the chronically ill opened in 1894, which was later converted into a psychiatric hospital. Agriculture and viticulture flourish around the town."
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"doc_chunk": "Belgian painter\nAloïs Boudry (12 August 1851, Ypres – 27 November 1938, Antwerp) was a Belgian painter known for his portraits, still lifes and interiors. Life. He studied at the art schools in Ypres and Roeselare and finished at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp), where his teachers were Nicaise De Keyser and Jozef Van Lerius. In 1885, he joined \"Als ik Kan\" (If I Can), an association of visual artists devoted to preserving traditional methods. He participated in the exposition \"Brussels International 1910\", where he won a silver medal. When the seaside resort of Knokke-Heist began a promotional campaign in 1913, he designed the posters, which became well-known. At the outbreak of World War I, he fled to England and established himself as a portraitist. In 1917, he moved to Italy to await the end of the war, then returned to Belgium. Wherever he was, he sought out humble people as the subjects for his paintings. His depictions of the fisherman of Nieuwpoort are especially popular. Many of them can be seen at the National Fishery Museum in Oostduinkerke. His son, Robert (1872-1961), was also a painter, as was his grandson Paul (1913-1976). His great-granddaughter, Nele, is currently a painter in Ghent. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 467ace09-ba8b-45bf-bb9d-bdc562aa74a9 | In what city was Tony Shields born? | Tony Shields | [
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"Space mission to study light from interstellar particles\nThe Spatial Heterodyne Interferometric Emission Line Dynamics Spectrometer (SHIELDS) mission is intended to study light from interstellar particles that have drifted into the Solar System in order to learn about the nearest reaches of interstellar space. The purpose of the mission is acquire a spatial map of scattered solar ultraviolet emission from interplanetary hydrogen that has crossed and been modified by the ion pile-up along the outer edge of the heliosphere. SHIELDS was successfully launched by NASA on April 19, 2021, from the White Sands Missile Range, in New Mexico. Flown aboard a sounding rocket, the mission is very short: an instrument stays in space for few minutes. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"British businesswoman and politician (born 1962)\nJoanna Shields, Baroness Shields, (born 12 July 1962) is an American–British businesswoman and politician. Shields was made a Life Peer in the House of Lords in 2014, and later was Minister for Internet Safety and Security under David Cameron and Theresa May. She had also been Advisor on the Digital Economy to David Cameron. Early life and education. Shields was born in 1962 in St. Marys, Pennsylvania, and was the second of five children. She earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Penn State University in 1984. Then, she earned an MBA from George Washington University. Shields started her career in Washington, D.C., before moving to Silicon Valley. Career history. In 1989 Shields joined Electronics for Imaging (Efi) as a product manager and later was appointed as Vice President of Production Systems. She left in 1997 to become CEO at Veon. Shields then moved to London to run RealNetworks EMEA. Subsequently, she was appointed as the director of EMEA Syndication & Partnerships for Google. In late 2006 Shields was approached by Benchmark Capital to step in as CEO of the social networking startup Bebo. At Bebo, Shields introduced Open Media, opening Bebo's platform for media companies to reach its 50M user base and enabling media owners to monetise their content, and Bebo Originals, a series of original online shows. The first Bebo Original KateModern was nominated for two BAFTA awards.",
"After engineering Bebo's acquisition for $850m by Aol in May 2008, Shields briefly relocated to New York City to head Aol's newly created People Networks, overseeing the company's social and communications assets including AIM, Aol Instant Messenger and ICQ. Bebo's development continued under Shields with the release of Timeline in 2009, the first social network to organise and represent life events in a linear way. Timeline eventually became standard on social networks when Facebook released the feature in 2012. In 2009 Shields was recruited by former Google colleague Sheryl Sandberg to run Facebook in Europe, Middle East & Africa as VP & managing director. In May 2018, Shields was announced as the Group CEO of BenevolentAI, a London-based medical startup. She stepped down from that role in September 2023. Government work. In October 2012 Shields was named the UK's Ambassador for Digital Industries. She was Chair and CEO of Tech City from January 2013 to May 2015. She helped create Future Fifty, a programme which was launched by the Chancellor George Osborne in April 2013. Shields was appointed OBE in the 2014 New Year Honours List for \"services to digital industries and voluntary service to young people\". After being nominated as a working peeress in August 2014, Shields was elevated to the peerage on 16 September 2014 taking the title Baroness Shields, of Maida Vale in the City of Westminster. Personal life. She graduated as BS from Penn State University, where she was a member of Chi Omega sorority, and did her post-grad studies as MBA from George Washington University.",
"Shields received a Doctorate in Public Service, Honoris Causa, from George Washington University May 2016.. Shields is married to Andy Stevenson, Sporting Director of the Aston Martin in Formula One racing team. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | d403039e-f922-404c-a0d4-26acdcd09130 | In what city was Amoene van Haersolte born? | Amoene van Haersolte | [
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"Cuban musical group\nLos Van Van is one of the leading musical groups of post-revolutionary Cuba. It was founded in 1969 by bassist Juan Formell, who directed the band until his death in 2014. Formell and former band members Changuito and Pupy are some of the most important figures in contemporary Cuban music, having contributed to the development of songo and timba, two popular dance music genres. History. In 1967, Formell became musical director of Elio Revé's charanga orchestra. The sound of Orquesta Revé at that time was a unique blend of Cuban son and late-'60s rock. Formell reformed the group into Changui '68, and then founded his own group, Los Van Van, on December 4, 1969. [Juan Formell] was convinced that he could capture the imagination of Cuba's younger generation by infusing Revé's arrangements with elements of North American rock and roll, creating an odd new style that he called \"changüí 68\". Early the next year, almost exactly a decade after Revé's band had jumped ship to form [Orquesta] Ritmo Oriental, . . . Formell incited the most famous of the Revé mutinies and absconded with the majority of the musicians to form a group which has stayed at the true leading edge of its country's music longer than any other . . . at first Formell relied heavily on the songs and stylistic tendencies of his previous work with Revé.",
"The harmonies, never before heard in Cuban music, were clearly borrowed from North American pop—in some cases rather corny North American pop . . . their sudden commercial popularity shattered the formulaic limitations on harmony to which Cuban popular music had faithfully adhered for so long . . . rhythmically, the 1969 group made the transition from changüí 68 to the first incarnation of a style which Formell called \"songo\" (Moore 2011). The original personnel of Los Van Van were Juan Formell (leader, bass guitar, vocals); Orlando Canto (flute); Raúl \"El Yulo\" Cárdenas (congas); Blas Egües (drum kit); Luis Marsilli (cello); José Luis Martínez (electric guitar, vocals); Julio Noroña (güiro); Pupy Pedroso (keyboard); Miguel Angel \"Lele\" Rasalps (vocals); William Sánchez (electric guitar), and Gerardo Miró, Jesús Linare, Fernando Leyva, and Iván Rocha (violins). Juan Formell states that the main piano guajeo of \"La lucha\"s (1969) montuno section was inspired by the Afro‐Cuban folkloric batá drum rhythm chachalokefún. 1970s. José Luis \"Changuito\" Quintana replaced Egües in 1970. Changuito greatly expanded the parameters of songo, and introduced a revolutionary conga and timbales technique, by incorporating snare drum rudiments. Changuito is the most influential Cuban percussionist of the latter twentieth century.",
"Changuito's rhythmic contributions coincided with Formell's maturation as a songwriter and LVV launched into a six year period which alone would have been sufficient to establish them as one of Cuba's most important bands. LVV's recordings from 1970 to 1976 are the definite starting point for anyone seeking to learn about the enigmatic genre of songo (Moore 2011). The original single of \"Pero a mi manera\" (c. 1972) introduced harmonies and arranging ideas never before used in Latin music. Moore describes the chord changes as: \"addictive and harmonically ambiguous vamp for the entire montuno section. Arguments could be made for various keys, but to me it sounds like bIII – IV – I – bVI in A. Like the best rock vamps, it never quite resolves, allowing for endless repetitions without losing energy.\" In 1974 Los Van Van released their landmark record \"Tránsito\" (LD-3421) [Los Van Van v. II]. Also that year, vocalist Pedro Calvo left Orquesta Ritmo Oriental to join Los Van Van. Calvo fronted the band for two decades. \"Los Van Van v. V\" (Areíto LD-378) (1979) premiered compositions by Pedro Calvo, José Luis \"El Tosco\" Cortés, and Pupy Pedroso, who would go on to become the group's second most prolific composer after Formell. Some of Formell's songo inventions had onbeat, rock-like guajeos as well as rock harmonies.",
"One such song is \"Con el bate de aluminio\" (1979). The right hand plays steady onbeats, sounding a rock‐influenced imi – bVII – bVI chord progression. 1980s. On \"Los Van Van\" v. 6 (1980) Formell took the unusual step of adding trombones to his charanga format. Orquesta Revé did the same during the time. On \"El baile del buey cansao\" (Areíto LD-4045) [Los Van Van v. VII] (1982), Changuito added timbales, which he altered with drum kit. With their 1984 release of \"Anda ven y muévete\" (Areíto LD-4164) [Los Van Van v. IX], Van Van began getting unprecedented international attention. The title track borrows heavily from Lionel Richie's hit \"All Night Long.\" Salsa singer Rubén Blades later covered \"Muévete.\" The following piano guajeo is based on Los Van Van’s biggest hit of the 1980s, \"Por encima del nivel,\" better known as \"La sandunguera,\" one of Los Van Van's most popular songs from the 1980s. 2010s. In 2011, they collaborated with Carlinhos Brown to record the song \"Soy Loco por Tí, América\" for the Red Hot Organization's most recent charitable album \"Red Hot + Rio 2\". The album is a follow-up to the 1996 \"Red Hot + Rio\"."
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popqa | 0ffd2d5e-ba53-43ce-a224-4af034d77d1d | In what city was Jim Baker born? | Jim Baker (footballer) | [
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"English footballer\nJames William Baker (15 November 1891 – 13 December 1966) was a professional footballer most notable for being the first captain of Leeds United He was the brother of Alf Baker who played for Arsenal. Another brother Aaron Baker also played football professionally and briefly played for Leeds. Jim was born in Ilkeston and started his career at Hartlepool United, and played at Portsmouth before moving to Huddersfield Town, where he played under future Leeds manager Arthur Fairclough. When Fairclough moved to the newly formed Leeds United F.C. to become its first manager, Jim followed him and was handed the captain's armband to command from the center of defence. Jim played for six seasons at Elland Road being captain for the whole period, and even helped Fairclough guide the team to their first silverware and Second Division championship in 1923–24, being a rock at the heart of the Leeds defence along with Ernie Hart. Jim left Leeds after two seasons of just surviving in the First Division at the end of the 1925–26 season, moving to Nelson. He served on the board of directors for Leeds United between 1959 and 1961. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Northern Irish former bowler\nJim Baker is a former Northern Irish international lawn and indoor bowler. Bowls career. Baker was born in Belfast on 18 February 1958. After finishing runner-up in the 1982 World Indoor Bowls Championship he went one better in 1984 clinching the World Indoor title. Baker was part of the Gold Medal-winning triples for the combined Irish team in the 1984 World Outdoor Bowls Championship and Gold Medal-winning fours in the 1988 World Outdoor Bowls Championship. In the 2004 World Championships he won a third gold medal for the combined Irish team, in the fours with Jonathan Ross, Noel Graham and Neil Booth and a silver medal with Noel Graham in the pairs during the 2004 World Outdoor Bowls Championship. In addition Baker has won two Commonwealth Games medals. At national level he also won the 1989 Irish National Bowls Championships singles. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American explorer\nJim Baker (1818–1898), known as \"Honest Jim Baker\", was a frontiersman, trapper, hunter, army scout, interpreter, and rancher. He was first a trapper and hunter. The decline of the fur trade in the early 1840s drove many trappers to quit, but Baker remained in the business until 1855. During that time he was a friend of Jim Bridger, Kit Carson and John C. Frémont. On August 21, 1841, he was among a group of twenty three trappers who were attacked by Arapaho, Cheyenne, and Sioux on what became known as Battle Mountain. After Henry Fraeb was killed, Baker organized the trappers against the Native Americans in a multiple-day fight. While he was a trapper, he developed expertise as a guide, leader, marksman, and interpreter with Native Americans. He operated a ferry and trading post along the Green River. He served the military as a tracker and guide, including during the Mormon Utah War, following the Meeker Massacre, and during the Battle of the Rosebud in present day Big Horn County, Montana. He had at least three Native American wives and fourteen children. He homesteaded on what is now Clear Creek near Denver on July 3, 1859. The area became known as Baker's Crossing, and he established several businesses there. He raised cattle, operated a stone coal (anthracite) mine, a toll bridge on the Denver Boulder Wagon Road, and a store operated by two of his wives.",
"In 1873, Baker built a cabin with a guard tower near the Little Snake River in Wyoming, where he raised livestock until his death in 1898. His cabin is currently on display at the Little Snake River Museum in Savery, Wyoming. Baker's grave is marked with a stone at Baker Cemetery near Savery. Early life. James Baker was born on December 19, 1818, in Belleville, St. Clair County, Illinois, a few miles from St. Louis, Missouri. His parents were Phoebe Neeley and William Baker, who were Scot-Irish farmers from the Nashville, Tennessee, area. They were both born in Tennessee and moved to Illinois as young adults. They had eight children, one born in Belleville and the rest in Sangamon County. His parents operated a mill along the Sangamon River. Baker had sisters Eliza, Elizabeth, and Adelia and a brother John. He learned to hunt for game with a gun and fish as a child. He and his siblings had little education. When he was seventeen, his father sent him to his grandfather at St. Louis for schooling, but he was sent home when it was clear he had no interest in education. Interested in living a life on the frontier, he went to the American Fur Company in St. Louis to sign up to be a trapper. Fur trapper and hunter. Baker was hired by Jim Bridger to work for the American Fur Company for 18 months, for which he received $465 ().",
"On May 15, 1838, he left St. Louis by boat and traveled up the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers to the Uinta Mountains of present day Utah and Wyoming. Baker led a pack train to the Rocky Mountain Rendezvous in the Wind River Valley for Jim Bridger. He hunted with Bridger and Kit Carson and in 1840 returned home to Illinois and St. Louis after his contract expired. He then signed up for another several years with the fur company. Baker traveled on the steamer \"St. Peter\" upriver to Westport on May 22, 1839. With missionaries and 75 men, Baker was on an eight-day expedition that traveled through lands of the Arikara, who were known for their hostility. Led by Thomas Fitzpatrick, it was bound for Fort Bonneville in what is now west-central Wyoming. Baker traveled with the Bartleson–Bidwell Party headed for California in May 1841. It was the first wagon train to travel overland on the Oregon Trail. Baker traveled from the Green River, to Bridger's camp at the Henry's Fork, arriving in early August. Bridger, who was worried about his overdue associate Henry Fraeb, sent Baker and others to search for the lost party and to warn them of increased hostility among the Plains Indians. Fraeb was found at the base of Squaw Mountain on the banks of the Little Snake River and Battle Creek, near what is now the border between Wyoming and Colorado. Baker hunted near Fraeb's camp on August 21, 1841. Twenty three trappers were attacked by 500 Arapaho, Cheyenne, and Sioux."
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"doc_chunk": "English footballer\nJames William Baker (15 November 1891 – 13 December 1966) was a professional footballer most notable for being the first captain of Leeds United He was the brother of Alf Baker who played for Arsenal. Another brother Aaron Baker also played football professionally and briefly played for Leeds. Jim was born in Ilkeston and started his career at Hartlepool United, and played at Portsmouth before moving to Huddersfield Town, where he played under future Leeds manager Arthur Fairclough. When Fairclough moved to the newly formed Leeds United F.C. to become its first manager, Jim followed him and was handed the captain's armband to command from the center of defence. Jim played for six seasons at Elland Road being captain for the whole period, and even helped Fairclough guide the team to their first silverware and Second Division championship in 1923–24, being a rock at the heart of the Leeds defence along with Ernie Hart. Jim left Leeds after two seasons of just surviving in the First Division at the end of the 1925–26 season, moving to Nelson. He served on the board of directors for Leeds United between 1959 and 1961. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 554e16dc-c491-4398-a766-642858fc99fc | In what city was Piotr Balcerzak born? | Piotr Balcerzak | [
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"Balcerzak () is a surname of Polish-language origin. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Balcerzak.",
"Former police officer (born 1957)\nJohn A. Balcerzak (born 1957) is an American former police officer from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Balcerzak and Joseph T. Gabrish gained national attention in 1991, when they were suspended with pay and later fired for having handed over an injured 14-year-old boy to serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer despite bystanders' protests, as well as for the homophobic remarks made by the officers during the incident. The officers appealed their termination and were subsequently reinstated with back pay of $55,000 each by Judge Robert J. Parins. Balcerzak served as president of the Milwaukee Police Association (the police union for Milwaukee officers) from 2005 to 2009. Balcerzak retired from the Milwaukee Police Department in 2017. Jeffrey Dahmer incident. Three women, Sandra Smith, Tina Spivey and Nicole Childress, discovered the victim, 14-year-old Konerak Sinthasomphone, after he had managed to escape from Jeffrey Dahmer's apartment, naked, bruised, bleeding from his anus and heavily under the influence of drugs. Childress called 9-1-1 and Balcerzak, Joseph T. Gabrish, and Richard Porubcan responded, along with a fire department ambulance. Ambulance personnel thought Sinthasomphone needed treatment but were sent away by the officers. Though the Laotian immigrant had been in the country for ten years and spoke English fluently, in his drugged and brain-injured state, he was unable to communicate his situation to authorities or to the three women.",
"Dahmer convinced the police that the boy was his 19-year-old lover against the protests of the three women. Smith recognized the boy from the neighborhood and the three women reiterated their concerns but were told to \"shut the hell up\" by the officers, who were convinced the incident was a domestic dispute. The three officers returned Sinthasomphone to Dahmer's apartment. Balcerzak said he smelled nothing unusual but Gabrish said he did detect a foul odor, likely emanating from the body of Anthony \"Tony\" Hughes, who had been murdered by Dahmer three days earlier. The officers listed the incident as a \"domestic squabble between homosexuals\" and did not otherwise act. Approximately ten minutes after the police left, Glenda Cleveland, Childress's aunt and Smith's mother, called police and was connected with Balcerzak, who dismissed her concern and declined to take the names of her niece and daughter as witnesses. Within an hour, Dahmer murdered Sinthasomphone by strangling him, performed oral sex upon his corpse, and dismembered him. For the murders of Sinthasomphone and 15 others from 1978 to 1991, Dahmer would be sentenced to 16 consecutive terms of life imprisonment without parole in 1992. In the aftermath of Dahmer's arrest, an audiotape of Balcerzak and Gabrish making homophobic statements to their dispatcher and cracking jokes about having reunited the \"lovers\" caused heavy criticism. They were fired while Porubcan was put on job probation for one year.",
"By failing to check Dahmer's identification, the officers did not learn that he was a sex offender with a 1988 child molestation conviction where the victim was Sinthasomphone's older brother, who was 13 at the time. Milwaukee later paid the boy's family a sum of $850,000 to settle a lawsuit over police handling of the situation. Both officers appealed their termination. Judge Robert J. Parins controversially ruled in favor of the officers and they were reinstated in June 1994. Service as union official. In May 2005, Balcerzak was elected president of the Milwaukee Police Association, defeating Sebastian Raclaw by a vote of 521 to 453. As president, he was criticized for failing to protect officers from mandatory overtime and not supporting African-American officer Alfonzo Glover, who was charged with homicide on May 30, 2006, and later died by suicide on the same day. By June 2006, the union vice president had resigned because of disagreements with Balcerzak's \"leadership style\". A petition to remove Balcerzak was filed and a recall election was held in August 2006. The results were 213 for a recall and 397 to retain him. At an October 9, 2009, trustee election, Balcerzak was not re-elected as a trustee and vacated his position as president on December 31, 2009. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "Polish sprinter (born 1975)\nPiotr Balcerzak (born 25 June 1975 in Warsaw) is a former Polish sprint athlete. He achieved the most success with the Polish 4 x 100 meters relay. He is married to another Polish sprinter, Joanna Niełacna. Personal bests. Outdoor\nIndoor\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | dcbcf3a5-f665-45d8-9fdd-22719ce672e5 | In what city was John Edgerton born? | John Edgerton | [
"Johnston County",
"Johnston County, North Carolina"
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"John Emmett Edgerton (October 2, 1879 – August 4, 1938) was an industrialist who gained prominence as the president of the National Association of Manufacturers from 1921 to 1931. Edgerton was also an All-Southern college football fullback for the Vanderbilt Commodores of Vanderbilt University. Early years. Edgerton was born on October 2, 1879, in Johnston County, North Carolina, to Gabriel Griffin Edgerton and his wife Harriet Copeland but moved to Lebanon, Tennessee, to join his older brother, Howard K. Edgerton, a physician, in 1896. He attended Cumberland University for prep school and his first year of college. After receiving the Wilson County Cartmell scholarship, he went to Vanderbilt University, earning an A.B. in 1902 and an M.A in 1903. Cumberland University. He played at Cumberland as a guard in 1896. Vanderbilt University. Football. Edgerton was a prominent member of the Vanderbilt football team. Edgerton was captain of the 1901 team. W. A. Reynolds in the \"Atlanta Constitution\" selected Edgerton for his All-Southern team in 1902, and he was selected a second team fullback on an All-Time Vandy Team published in 1912, behind Owsley Manier. Edgerton was called by one contemporary writer \"one of the best backs yet produced in Dixie.\" Track and field. Edgerton was also a member of the track team. Bachelor of Ugliness.",
"One of the highest honors that a student could achieve was the \"Bachelor of Ugliness,\" a title given to the male undergraduate student believed to be most representative of ideal young manhood and the class's most popular member, devised by Professor William H. Dodd in 1885. In the spring semester of 1902, that honor was given to football star John Edgerton. Edgerton was considered such a celebrity that advertisers in the Hustler used his name to sell their products. One such ad read: \"John E. Edgerton will be glad to see his friends at Varley, Bauman & Bowers: One Price Clothiers, Hatters, Furnishers and Merchant Tailors.\" One account reads: \"John Edgerton, whose last year was 1903, was in speed and size the type of man which made the Yale teams of the early nineties so powerful. After leaving college he became one of the head masters at the Columbia Military Academy at Columbia, and is now manager and part owner of a woolen mill at Lebanon, Tenn.\"\nMemphis University School. In 1904 Edgerton coached football at Memphis University School. Industrialist. Edgerton’s national prominence led to notable government appointments. In President Warren Harding’s administration during the early 1920s, he was a member of the president’s conference on unemployment, and later in President Herbert Hoover’s administration from 1929 to 1933 he was on the National Reconstruction Conference and the National Re-employment Committee. He also supported Prohibition causes and served as chairman of the United Prohibition Forces to preserve the Eighteenth Amendment.",
"Edgerton was a vocal opponent of the Highlander Folk School. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Edgerton may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nPlaces. In Canada:\nIn the United Kingdom:\nIn the United States:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"State highway in Alaska, United States\nThe Edgerton Highway is a minor highway in the U.S. state of Alaska that extends from the Richardson Highway near Copper Center to the town of Chitina. The McCarthy Road, within the Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, is a extension from Chitina to McCarthy. The Edgerton Highway, named for U.S. Army Major General Glen Edgar Edgerton, a member of the Alaska Road Commission, follows an old pack trail along the Copper River, and is paved. The popular dip-net salmon fishery in Chitina causes the highway to be fairly heavily used in summer. It is part of Alaska Route 10. Route description. The Edgerton Highway begins at its junction with the Richardson Highway at Pippin Lake in the rural community of Kenny Lake. The highway travels east-northeast through rural Kenny Lake before reaching an intersection with the Old Edgerton Highway and turning southeast. The highway continues through several miles of forest along the Copper River, crossing several small affluents. The roadway passes the Chitina Airport, ending at its junction with the McCarthy Road after passing through the very small town of Chitina. Recreation site. Liberty Falls State Recreation Site is located at mile 23 of the highway. It is one of the smaller units of the Alaska State Parks system, at only . The site features a small campground and picnic area and, as the name suggests, a close-up view of a waterfall and the canyon created by Liberty Creek as it runs down to the Copper River. References."
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popqa | bc834aeb-ce68-4287-8036-aa4198dd2efa | In what city was Gustavo A. Madero born? | Gustavo A. Madero | [
"Parras de la Fuente",
"Parras"
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"Mexican politician\nGustavo Adolfo Madero González (16 January 1875 – 18 February 1913), born in Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila, Mexico, was a participant in the Mexican Revolution against Porfirio Díaz along with other members of his wealthy family. He was also known as \"Ojo Parado\" (\"staring eye\") since he had one glass eye. Madero's brother, Francisco I. Madero, was president of Mexico from 1911 to 1913. During the coup d'état in Mexico City known as Ten Tragic Days, Gustavo Madero was arrested, released to followers of conspirator Félix Díaz. A mob tortured him, pulling out his \"good\" eye, and then eventually killing him. The Gustavo A. Madero, D.F. borough in Mexico City is named after him. Early life. Born as one of fifteen children on January 16, 1875, in Parras de la Fuente, located between Torreón and Saltillo in the state of Coahuila, Gustavo Madero grew up in one of the richest families of Mexico. The Madero family had settled in Northern Mexico in the early nineteenth century. Grandfather Evaristo had founded the Compañía Industrial de Parras. In the latter part of the nineteenth century the Madero family business extended from vineyards, cotton, and textiles, to mining, milling, smelting, ranching, and banking. Gustavo went to high school at the Colegio San Juan, a Jesuit school in Saltillo.",
"For further high school studies and to learn English, the two oldest Madero brothers, Gustavo and Francisco attended Mount St. Mary's College in Emmitsburg, Maryland but stayed only for a year. In 1887, made possible with the financial support of his father, Gustavo and his older brother Francisco moved to France where they attended the Lycee of Versailles and finally received a baccalaureate. Gustavo went on to study business management at Hautes Études Commerciales in Jouy-en-Josas, near Paris. After the two brothers settled back in Mexico, Gustavo joined Francisco as confidante and chief of staff for a run at the presidency of Mexico. Mexican Revolution. There were many divisions within the Madero family; some of its members wished for a peace agreement, hoping to avoid the problems that the civil war would bring to their businesses and investments. Talks were arranged in New York with José Yves Limantour, the finance minister of the Díaz government, but these failed as the revolution continued and peace negotiations broke down. Financing his brother's revolution required serious funding. Gustavo through family contacts went to New York in 1910. His main contact was the Washington lawyer and lobbyist Sherburne Hopkins. For a fee of $50,000 Gustavo signed him on to represent and promote the revolutionary movement his brother Francisco led against the Dictator Porfirio Diaz. Hopkins brought the New York financiers Henry Clay Pierce and Charles Ranlett Flint on board. Both had financial interest in the Mexican railroads and oil.",
"Their main competitors, John D. Rockefeller of Standard Oil and Viscount Cowdray of the El Aguila Oil Company supported the Diaz regime. Thus, in the spring of 1911, the rivalry between international oil barons and the help of Sherburne Hopkins allowed Gustavo to raise the funds needed to depose the aging dictator of Mexico. After the success of the revolution, Gustavo remained his brother's closest confidante, although he did not hold public office. One of the most important tools of Gustavo's power between May 1911 and February 1913 was the Mexican Secret Service which he headed. Originally established and financed by Sherburne Hopkins, Gustavo through his lieutenant Felix A. Sommerfeld put down the most serious challenges to Francisco Madero's government. In the fall of 1911, Bernardo Reyes, an exiled general and competitor for the presidency in 1910, rose in revolt from San Antonio, Texas. The uprising fizzled by Christmas and Reyes was arrested. A few months later, another disgruntled revolutionary, Pascual Orozco who had fought alongside Madero to defeat Diaz, challenged the government in a massive uprising that covered much of northern Mexico. Again, Gustavo sent Sommerfeld to the border. The Mexican secret service cooperated closely with agents of the American Bureau of Investigations, customs and military officials to put down the uprising. Another uprising in Veracruz in the fall of 1912, this time headed by Felix Diaz, a relative of the deposed dictator, also fell victim to the efficient secret service under Gustavo's control. In the process, however, Gustavo made many serious enemies.",
"Felix Diaz and Bernardo Reyes plotted their next moves from their jail cells. Victoriano Huerta, the army chief who the Mexican president fired for disloyalty on Gustavo's advice, seethed with resentment. The Ten Tragic Days. In February 1913, the final push of the reactionary forces to oust the democratically elected Mexican government took shape. Felix Diaz, Bernardo Reyes and a host of members of the old regime plotted to take control of Mexico City first and then the entire country. As the assault started on February 9, Reyes and Diaz marched on the presidential palace. In a shootout with troops Gustavo had frantically assembled in the early morning hours, Reyes was killed. Madero's secretary of war Lauro Villar Ochoa was seriously injured. The president appointed Victoriano Huerta, who professed undivided loyalty to Madero to replace him. However, Gustavo quickly uncovered the participation of Huerta in the conspiracy. On February 17, he arrested Huerta and brought him before the president. Against Gustavo's advice, Huerta remained in charge of the military. The Madero government collapsed the next day. On February 18 the American ambassador Henry Lane Wilson, Victoriano Huerta and Félix Díaz signed an agreement cementing the coup d'état, titled the Pact of the Embassy. Gustavo was ambushed and arrested inside the Gambrinus restaurant just before lunch. Two hours later, President Francisco Madero became a prisoner of the putschists. Followers of Díaz sought to have Francisco and Gustavo Madero turned over to them.",
"The President was kept by Huerta, since his resignation from the presidency was needed to give a veneer of legality to the coup d'etat. Gustavo Madero was turned over and taken to the arsenal of the Ciudadela. That night Gustavo was set upon and brutally murdered by a mob of over a hundred federal soldiers on the orders Manuel Mondragón, the new government's secretary of war. The mob desecrated Madero's body, extracting his glass eye and passing it around. News of Gustavo's death was kept from the President, as the usurpers pressured him to resign. Gustavo had been Francisco Madero's closest advisor. \"As the go-to person [for the president] he endured endless accusations of influence peddling and bribery... Besides the alleged corruptibility of Gustavo, the complaint alluded to the power of the President's brother.\""
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"doc_chunk": "Mexican politician\nGustavo Adolfo Madero González (16 January 1875 – 18 February 1913), born in Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila, Mexico, was a participant in the Mexican Revolution against Porfirio Díaz along with other members of his wealthy family. He was also known as \"Ojo Parado\" (\"staring eye\") since he had one glass eye. Madero's brother, Francisco I. Madero, was president of Mexico from 1911 to 1913. During the coup d'état in Mexico City known as Ten Tragic Days, Gustavo Madero was arrested, released to followers of conspirator Félix Díaz. A mob tortured him, pulling out his \"good\" eye, and then eventually killing him. The Gustavo A. Madero, D.F. borough in Mexico City is named after him. Early life. Born as one of fifteen children on January 16, 1875, in Parras de la Fuente, located between Torreón and Saltillo in the state of Coahuila, Gustavo Madero grew up in one of the richest families of Mexico. The Madero family had settled in Northern Mexico in the early nineteenth century. Grandfather Evaristo had founded the Compañía Industrial de Parras. In the latter part of the nineteenth century the Madero family business extended from vineyards, cotton, and textiles, to mining, milling, smelting, ranching, and banking. Gustavo went to high school at the Colegio San Juan, a Jesuit school in Saltillo.",
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popqa | 6f96a2b8-4241-4c77-a6c5-6157e8ac1d25 | In what city was Andrea di Alessandro born? | Andrea di Alessandro | [
"Brescia",
"Lioness of Italy"
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"Italian film director\nAlessandro Di Robilant (born 23 October 1953) is an Italian film director and screenwriter. He has directed eleven films since 1985. His 1994 film \"Law of Courage\" was entered into the 44th Berlin International Film Festival where it won the Blue Angel Award. He is a graduate of the London Film School\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian Paralympic athlete\nAlessandro Di Lello (born 18 July 1977) is a Paralympic athlete from Italy competing mainly in category T46 long distance events. In 2012 Di Lello won the marathon at the IPC World Championships and followed this with victory in the T46 classification at the 2013 London Marathon. Sports career. Di Lello first began running in an attempt to lose weight, and in 1992 he started competing in long distance races. A motor bike accident resulted in a muscle impairment and Di Lello was subsequently classified as a T46 parasport athlete. One of the first major competitions he entered was the 2009 New York Marathon, but he was forced to retire from the event with an Achilles tendon inflammation. In 2012 he competed alongside fellow countryman Walter Endrizzi in the Summer Paralympics in London. Di Lello finished 8th with a time of 2.46:27. The next year Di Lello competed in T46 marathon at the 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships in Lyon. Di Lello ran a time of 2:33.42 to take the gold ahead of Portugal's Pedro Meza. 2013 also saw Di Lello win the T44-46 category in the London Marathon with a time of 2:32.06. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian footballer (born 1979)\nAlessandro Di Martile (born 2 May 1979) is an Italian former football manager and player. Career. Di Martile played youth football for TV Unterboihingen and FV 09 Nürtingen before joining the academy of Stuttgarter Kickers. He would go on to make more than 100 appearances for the reserve team, Stuttgarter Kickers II. He made his professional debut for the first team on 14 May 1999, coming on as a substitute in the 65th minute of a 2–0 loss in the 2. Bundesliga to SpVgg Unterhaching. He could not establish himself in the team, however, and moved to Swiss club FC Schaffhausen in 2001. The following years, Di Martile played in the lower tiers of German football for clubs such as FC 08 Villingen and SGV Freiberg. He retired from football as a player-coach in the Kreisliga for TSuGV Großbettlingen. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Italian politician (born 1978)\nAlessandro Di Battista (born 4 August 1978) is an Italian politician, activist and writer, deputy of the XVII Legislature of the Italian Republic. He was part of the Five Stars Movement from 2009 to 2021. He left the movement in February 2021 because he was against the formation of the Draghi government. Biography. Di Battista was born in Rome to parents of Civita Castellana. His father, Vittorio Di Battista, was an entrepreneur in the healthcare sector and municipal councilor for the Italian Social Movement. Di Battista graduated high school from Liceo Scientifico Statale Farnesina located in Rome. Subsequently, he obtained a \"laurea\" in \"DAMS\" (drama, art and music) from the University of Roma Tre, followed by a master's degree in \"International Protection of Human Rights\" from the Sapienza University of Rome. Later in 2010 he worked for a year as a cooperator in Guatemala, and also collaborated with educational projects in other countries such as Chile. On 11 February 2021, Di Battista announced his resignation from the 5 Star Movement, as he opposed the group's decision of being part of the new government formed by Mario Draghi, during the 2021 Italian government crisis. Political activity. In 2008, Di Battista was a candidate with the list of Friends of Beppe Grillo to the municipal authorities of Rome. Later on he joined the 5 Star Movement and became a spokesman for Lazio. Later in December 2012 he became a candidate for the parliamentarians of the 5 Star Movement, but did not win."
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popqa | 6cc32ff2-2c49-486b-8f88-7af99ca8cc8d | In what city was Francisco Maldonado born? | Francisco Maldonado | [
"Salamanca"
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"Francisco Maldonado (1480 in Salamanca – 24 April 1521) was a leader of the rebel Comuneros from Salamanca in the Revolt of the Comuneros. He was captured at the Battle of Villalar, and beheaded the following day.",
"Fray Francisco Maldonado (1571 – c. 1640) was a Guatemalan Franciscan linguist and historian. Little is known of him, but he was a prolific writer and joined the Franciscan order in 1605. His ranch seems to have been a notable gathering place for scholars of the times in Mayan linguistics which people would stop off at. The \"Ramillete manual para los indios sobre la doctrina cristiana\" is a copy of an original manuscript written by Maldonado, containing important information about the customs of the Quiché peoples at the time of the Spanish invasion. In 1616, Maldonado dedicated his \"Cakchiquel Explicado Fidei\" to priest and lexicographer Padre Varea, and also authored \"Santoral\" in 1622. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Colombian cyclist\nFrancisco \"Pacho\" Rodríguez Maldonado (born 5 June 1960) is a Colombian former professional racing cyclist. He rode in four editions of the Tour de France and five editions of the Vuelta a España. Major results. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\n 1st Stages 7 & 8 Vuelta a Colombia\n 1st Stage 13 Vuelta a Colombia\n 1st Stage 4 Clásico RCN\n 1st Stages 3 & 5 Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré\n 2nd Overall Clásico RCN\n1st Stages 3 & 6\n 2nd Overall Vuelta a Colombia\n1st Stage 12\n 1st Overall Clásico RCN\n1st Stage 5\n 3rd Overall Vuelta a España\n1st Stages 11 & 12\n 5th Overall Volta a Catalunya\n 7th Overall Vuelta a Murcia\n 8th Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme\n 1st Stage 21 Vuelta a España\n 1st Overall Clásica de Cundinamarca\n 1st Overall Vuelta a Boyacá\n 1st Overall Clásica de Cundinamarca\n 3rd Overall Vuelta a Colombia\n1st Stages 8 & 13\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Francisco Olivares Maldonado (1564 – 8 March, 1632) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo (1626–1632). Biography. Francisco Olivares Maldonado was born in Granada, Spain in 1564 and ordained a priest in the Order of Saint Augustine. On 7 September 1626, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Urban VIII as Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo and Titular Bishop of \"Siriensis\". He served as Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo until his death on 8 March 1632. While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of Agustin de Hinojosa y Montalvo, Bishop of Nicaragua (1630); Pedro Moya Arjona, Bishop of Tui (1631); and Facundo de la Torre, Archbishop of Santo Domingo (1632). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Mexican politician\nFrancisco Severo Maldonado y Ocampo (1775 in Tepic, Nueva Galicia – May 8, 1832 in Guadalajara, Jalisco) was a philosopher, Catholic priest, professor and writer from New Spain. He joined the insurgent movement during the Mexican War of Independence. Biography. He obtained a master's degree in Philosophy and a doctorate in Theology from the Guadalajara Seminary. He taught classes at his alma mater. He was the parish priest of Ixtlán and Mascota. He had the idea of publishing a newspaper in favor of the insurgent cause, after meeting with Miguel Hidalgo in Guadalajara he began to edit \"El Despertador Americano\" on December 20, 1810. He was helped in editing by Ángel de la Sierra. After the defeat of the insurgents in the battle of Calderón Bridge, the publication of the newspaper was suspended, the printing press was raided by the royalists on January 28, 1811. Maldonado was tried and forced to recant. He was forced to collaborate in the edition of the newspaper \"El Telégrafo de Guadalajara\", which was totally against the independence cause. He was elected deputy to the Cortes of Cádiz, however once the Independence of Mexico was declared he canceled his trip. Being the parish priest of Jalostotitlán he was called to sign the Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire. He was a member of the Provisional Government and a deputy of the Constituent Congress of 1822."
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popqa | e402c272-4f0e-4ebe-badf-aeee76ea5b02 | In what city was Roy A. Roberts born? | Roy A. Roberts | [
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"American journalist and editor (1887–1967)\nRoy Allison Roberts (1887 – February 23, 1967) was a managing editor, president, editor and general manager of \"The Kansas City Star\" who guided the paper during its influential period during the presidencies of Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Early life and education. Roberts was born in Muscotah, Kansas and grew up in Lawrence, Kansas. He was a paperboy for the \"Star\" and studied journalism at the University of Kansas. One semester short of graduation, he dropped out to work for the \"Lawrence Journal-World\" to support his widowed mother and five siblings. Career. Roberts joined the \"Star\" in 1909 as a sports reporter and switched to covering the Missouri Legislature in 1910. In 1915, \"Star\" founder William Rockhill Nelson assigned him to be the Washington correspondent. After Nelson's death, Roberts was among the employees who bought the \"Star\". He became managing editor in 1928 and member of the board of directors. Roberts was to be closely identified with shaping Kansas Republican politics. He championed Kansas Governor Alf Landon in his unsuccessful 1936 race against Franklin Roosevelt. During Roberts' tenure, Kansas City rose to prominence due to the rise and fall of Democratic political boss Thomas Pendergast, which gave way to the rise of Harry Truman. Roberts and Truman did not always see eye to eye during this period. Roberts championed Kansan Dwight D. Eisenhower in the 1952 race. In 1963, Roberts stepped down as managing editor of the \"Star\" and became chairman of the board. He officially retired in 1965.",
"The paper won five Pulitzer Prizes during his tenure. Roberts was profiled in a \"Time\" cover article on April 12, 1948. Personal life. In 1953, Roberts married Florence G. Ross, the widow of Truman's Press Secretary Charles G. Ross.",
"American actor (1906–1975)\nRoy Roberts (born Roy Barnes Jones; March 19, 1906 – May 28, 1975) was an American character actor. Over his more than 40-year career, he appeared in more than nine hundred productions on stage and screen. Life and career. Born in Tampa, Florida, Roberts began his acting career on stage with a stock company there. He left the Tampa company after a year to perform in touring stock theater for five years. He first appeared on Broadway in May 1931 before making his motion picture debut in \"Gold Bricks\", a 1936 two-reel comedy short released by 20th Century-Fox. He appeared in numerous films in secondary parts and returned to perform on Broadway in such productions as \"Twentieth Century\", \"My Sister Eileen\", and \"Carnival in Flanders\" until he began making guest appearances on television series. After appearing on Gale Storm's \"My Little Margie\" in 1956, he became part of several television series. In a show that was the precursor to \"The Love Boat\", Roberts played the ship's captain for four years in Storm's next hit, \"Oh! Susanna\", which aired on CBS and ABC from 1956 to 1960. He guest-starred in scores of series, including the western-themed crime drama, \"Sheriff of Cochise\", the western series, \"My Friend Flicka\", \"The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp\" (as Texas cattle baron Shanghai Pierce, and \"The Travels of Jaimie McPheeters\", and Brian Keith's Cold War drama, \"Crusader\".",
"Roberts appeared on four episodes of the CBS legal drama, \"Perry Mason\", including the role of Arthur Janeel in the 1961 episode, \"The Case of the Malicious Mariner.\" During the middle 1960s, Roberts was one of the most recognizable faces on television, and had recurring roles concurrently on a number of popular programs, including:\nIn the 1940s and 1950s, Roberts was a regular in many films noir, including \"Force of Evil\" (1948), \"He Walked by Night\" (1948), \"Nightmare Alley\" (1947), \"The Brasher Doubloon\" (1947), \"Borderline\" (1950) and \"The Enforcer\" (1951). In 1953, he appeared as Vincent Price's character's crooked business partner (and first victim) in \"House of Wax\". In 1956, he was Colonel Sam Sherman in \"The First Texan\". In 1962 Roberts appeared as John Kemper on the TV western \"Lawman\" in the episode titled \"Heritage of Hate\". He appeared in the neo-noirs \"The Outfit\" (1973) and \"Chinatown\" (1974). He also had a small role in the hit 1963 Stanley Kramer comedy, \"It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World\" as a police officer. Unfortunately, his role was cut from later television and movie versions to reduce running time. However, Roberts' brief role is included in versions on laserdisc and extended-length DVDs. Roberts appeared in an episode of the situation comedy \"A Touch of Grace\" in 1973.",
"His last television appearance was on the January 21, 1974, CBS broadcast of \"Here's Lucy\". In that installment, \"Lucy Is N.G. As An R.N. \", Roberts played a veterinarian. Death. Roberts died in St. Vincent's Hospital in Los Angeles, California, of a heart attack on May 28, 1975, and was interred at Greenwood Memorial Park in Fort Worth, Texas. Selected filmography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 982b2d7e-018a-4c4a-bd7d-eea0090587af | In what city was Donald De Lue born? | Donald De Lue | [
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"American sculptor\nDonald Harcourt De Lue (October 5, 1897 – August 26, 1988) was an American sculptor, best known for his public monuments. Life and career. De Lue was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He studied at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and later served as an assistant to sculptors Richard Henry Recchia and Robert P. Baker. This was followed by five years in Paris where he continued his study, while working as an assistant to various French artists. He returned to the United States where he was engaged by Bryant Baker. In 1940 he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full Academician in 1943. In 1941, De Lue won a competition to create sculpture for the U.S. Post Office and Courthouse Building in Philadelphia, and from then on he stopped being an assistant for other artists and only worked on his own commissions and creations. De Lue's works can be found in many museums across America. Like many other sculptors of his generation, he executed architectural works. He was also a prolific designer of medals and medallions. De Lue taught at the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design in New York City during the early 1940s. In 1960, he won two Henry Hering Awards, given by the National Sculpture Society for outstanding collaboration between a sculptor and an architect, for the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial in Colleville-sur-Mer, France, and for the Stations of the Cross at the Loyola Jesuit Seminary in Shrub Oak, New York.",
"In 1967, De Lue won the American Numismatic Society's \"J. Sanford Saltus Award for Outstanding Achievement in the Art of the Medal\", known as the \"Saltus Award\". Beginning in 1964, for many years De Lue was a Trustee of Brookgreen Gardens, as well as Chairman of the Art Committee. In his later years, De Lue and his wife Naomi (who served as a model for many of his statues) lived in the Leonardo section of Middletown Township, New Jersey, a small shore town with a bayside beach and long-distance view of lower Manhattan. De Lue cited the 23rd Psalm and the words \"He leadeth me beside the still waters...\" as the inspiration by which he arrived in Leonardo from New York City. Although he continued to maintain his NYC apartment, it was in his Leonardo studio that many of his largest statues were made. One of the last was a commission by a private individual intended for the Alamo in San Antonio, Texas. The bigger-than-life statue of Bowie, Travis and Crockett was considered \"too violent\" by the Daughters of the Republic of Texas for placement in a sacred chapel. A compromise was sought, that the statue be installed outside the building in the large courtyard rather than inside. DeLue and his patron, a wealthy Texan, preferred the statue be installed in the interior space for which it was made. Unfortunately, the impasse was never resolved in De Lue's lifetime.",
"Donald and Naomi De Lue are buried in Manalapan Township, New Jersey at the cemetery at Old Tennent Presbyterian Church. References. Notes\n<templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nFurther reading",
"Lue or LUE may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American basketball player and coach\nTyronn Jamar Lue ( ; born May 3, 1977) is an American professional basketball coach and former player who is the head coach of the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He formerly served as the head coach of the Cleveland Cavaliers, helping them win their first and only NBA title. A former point guard, Lue played college basketball for the Nebraska Cornhuskers before being selected by the Denver Nuggets in the first round of the 1998 NBA draft with the 23rd overall pick. He was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers shortly thereafter. As a member of the Lakers, Lue won two NBA championships in his first three seasons. After his playing career ended in 2009, Lue became Director of Basketball Development for the Boston Celtics. In 2014, he was hired by the Cavaliers as associate head coach. Lue was promoted to head coach during the 2015–16 season, replacing the fired David Blatt. That same season, Lue coached the Cavaliers to their first NBA championship and became one of the few rookie coaches in the NBA to ever lead his team to a title. Lue coached the Cavaliers to the NBA Finals in the 2016–17 and 2017–18 seasons; in both seasons, the Cavaliers were defeated by the Golden State Warriors in the NBA Finals. Lue was fired by Cleveland in October 2018. Lue went on to be the head coach of the Clippers and led them to their first Conference finals appearance in franchise history. High school and college career. Lue graduated from Raytown Senior High School in Raytown, Missouri."
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popqa | 6bad1644-6595-485e-8303-c71502e08827 | In what city was Tameem Al-Kubati born? | Tameem Al-Kubati | [
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"Yemeni taekwondo practitioner\nTameem Mohammed Ahmed Al-Kubati (born 1 January 1989 in Sana'a) is a Yemeni taekwondo practitioner. Al-Kubati won a bronze medal at the 2008 Asian Taekwondo Championships and a gold medal at the 2011 Pan Arab Games. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 58kg event. He was the flag bearer of the Yemeni sports team during the opening ceremonies. On August 8, he advanced from the preliminaries to the quarterfinals by defeating Gabriel Mercedes of the Dominican Republic (8-3). In the quarterfinals, he was defeated by Óscar Muñoz of Colombia (2-14). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Qatari footballer\nTameem Mansour Al-Abdullah (born 5 October 2002) is a Qatari professional footballer who plays as a forward for Qatari club Al Rayyan and the Qatar national football team. He is the son of Qatari football legend Mansour Muftah. Club career. Al-Abdullah began his professional career with Al-Rayyan in 2020.\nInternational career. Playing for Qatar he scored his first international goal against UAE in the Arabian Gulf Cup in January 2023. In June 2023, playing at the 2023 CONCACAF Gold Cup, he scored in the group stage against Honduras. \"Scores and results list Qatar's goal tally first.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Qatari footballer\nTameem Al-Muhaza (Arabic:تميم المهيزع) (born 21 July 1996) is a Qatari footballer. He currently plays for Al-Wakrah as a defender. Career. In 2014, he was playing for Atlético Madrid's youth teams. He was loaned out to ASPIRE-owned Spanish club Cultural Leonesa in November 2015. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Qatari cricketer\nSyed Tameem is a cricketer who plays for the Qatar national cricket team. In September 2019, he was named in Qatar's squad for the 2019 Malaysia Cricket World Cup Challenge League A tournament. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Abandoned Syrian village in the Golan Heights\nAl-'Al (, trans. \"the high place\"), is a former Syrian village in the southern Golan Heights, on the southern tributary of Wadi es-Samekh. Israel occupied the area during the Six-Day War. The village was abandoned and dismantled. During the French Mandate for Syria and Lebanon, the name was spelt \"El Al\" on French maps. History. Archaeological remains of several Roman, Hellenistic, early Arab, Medieval, and Ottoman artifacts at the site give evidence of ancient settlement. The town was inhabited by Pagans and had a history of being a military position. In 1812, the place was described as a \"ruined village.\" A modern village was probably established during the second half of the 19th century. In 1884, it was reported that the village contained 65 dwellings, including 320 inhabitants and was a \"large, well-built village on the point of reviving.\" The Israeli settlement of Eliad was built nearby. During the Yom Kippur War, the Syrian 5th Infantry Division set up a defence in depth strategy at the Al 'Al ridgeline. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nBibliography. <templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 076f3925-a948-4d93-a516-1febeed37cb3 | In what city was August Brand born? | August Brand | [
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"German philologist and botanist (1863–1930)\nAugust Brand (19 August 1863 – 17 September 1930) was a German philologist and botanist. Brand was born in Berlin. He studied classical philology at Bonn and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1885 with the thesis \"De dialectis Aeolicis quae dicuntur\". From 1885 to 1910 he taught classes in Frankfurt an der Oder, where he came under the influence of botanist Ernst Huth (1845–1897). From 1910 onward, he was an instructor at the gymnasium in Sorau. He died in Sorau, aged 67. Published works. He was the author of monographs on the plant families Symplocaceae, Polemoniaceae, Hydrophyllaceae and Boraginaceae that were included in Engler's \"Das Pflanzenreich\". He also made contributions towards Volume 3 in the new edition of Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch's \"Synopsis der deutschen und schweizer Flora\". Other noted works by Brand include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Botanist/styles.css\"/>The standard author abbreviation Brand is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Austrian painter (1735–1806)\nFriedrich August Brand (20 December 1735 – 9 October 1806) was an Austrian painter. The son of Christian Hülfgott Brand, he was born at Vienna. He was a member of the Imperial Academy, and died at Vienna in 1806. He painted several historical subjects and landscapes, which are favourably spoken of by the German authors, and engraved some plates, both with the point and with the graver, in the use of which he was instructed by Schmutzer. His known works include the following:\nAmong his students was the long-standing professor of landscape painting at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, Joseph Mössmer. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nAttribution:",
"Identification for a good or service\nA brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create and store value as brand equity for the object identified, to the benefit of the brand's customers, its owners and shareholders. Brand names are sometimes distinguished from generic or store brands. The practice of branding—in the original literal sense of marking by burning—is thought to have begun with the ancient Egyptians, who are known to have engaged in livestock branding and branded slaves as early as 2,700 BCE. Branding was used to differentiate one person's cattle from another's by means of a distinctive symbol burned into the animal's skin with a hot branding iron. If a person stole any of the cattle, anyone else who saw the symbol could deduce the actual owner. The term has been extended to mean a strategic personality for a product or company, so that \"brand\" now suggests the values and promises that a consumer may perceive and buy into. Over time, the practice of branding objects extended to a broader range of packaging and goods offered for sale including oil, wine, cosmetics, and fish sauce and, in the 21st century, extends even further into services (such as legal, financial and medical), political parties and people's stage names.",
"In the modern era, the concept of branding has expanded to include deployment by a manager of the marketing and communication techniques and tools that help to distinguish a company or products from competitors, aiming to create a lasting impression in the minds of customers. The key components that form a brand's toolbox include a brand's identity, personality, product design, brand communication (such as by logos and trademarks), brand awareness, brand loyalty, and various branding (brand management) strategies. Many companies believe that there is often little to differentiate between several types of products in the 21st century, hence branding is among a few remaining forms of product differentiation. Brand equity is the measurable totality of a brand's worth and is validated by observing the effectiveness of these branding components. When a customer is familiar with a brand or favors it incomparably over its competitors, a corporation has reached a high level of brand equity. Brand owners manage their brands carefully to create shareholder value. Brand valuation is a management technique that ascribes a monetary value to a brand. Etymology. The word \"brand\", originally meaning a burning piece of wood, comes from a Middle English \"brand\", meaning \"torch\", from an Old English \"brand\". It became to also mean the mark from burning with a branding iron. History. Branding and labeling have an ancient history. Branding probably began with the practice of branding livestock to deter theft. Images of the branding of cattle occur in ancient Egyptian tombs dating to around 2,700 BCE.",
"Over time, purchasers realized that the brand provided information about origin as well as about ownership, and could serve as a guide to quality. Branding was adapted by farmers, potters, and traders for use on other types of goods such as pottery and ceramics. Forms of branding or proto-branding emerged spontaneously and independently throughout Africa, Asia and Europe at different times, depending on local conditions. Seals, which acted as quasi-brands, have been found on early Chinese products of the Qin dynasty (221-206 BCE); large numbers of seals survive from the Harappan civilization of the Indus Valley (3,300–1,300 BCE) where the local community depended heavily on trade; cylinder seals came into use in Ur in Mesopotamia in around 3,000 BCE, and facilitated the labelling of goods and property; and the use of maker's marks on pottery was commonplace in both ancient Greece and Rome. Identity marks, such as stamps on ceramics, were also used in ancient Egypt. Diana Twede has argued that the \"consumer packaging functions of protection, utility and communication have been necessary whenever packages were the object of transactions\". She has shown that amphorae used in Mediterranean trade between 1,500 and 500 BCE exhibited a wide variety of shapes and markings, which consumers used to glean information about the type of goods and the quality. The systematic use of stamped labels dates from around the fourth century BCE."
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"doc_chunk": "German philologist and botanist (1863–1930)\nAugust Brand (19 August 1863 – 17 September 1930) was a German philologist and botanist. Brand was born in Berlin. He studied classical philology at Bonn and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1885 with the thesis \"De dialectis Aeolicis quae dicuntur\". From 1885 to 1910 he taught classes in Frankfurt an der Oder, where he came under the influence of botanist Ernst Huth (1845–1897). From 1910 onward, he was an instructor at the gymnasium in Sorau. He died in Sorau, aged 67. Published works. He was the author of monographs on the plant families Symplocaceae, Polemoniaceae, Hydrophyllaceae and Boraginaceae that were included in Engler's \"Das Pflanzenreich\". He also made contributions towards Volume 3 in the new edition of Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch's \"Synopsis der deutschen und schweizer Flora\". Other noted works by Brand include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Botanist/styles.css\"/>The standard author abbreviation Brand is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | f79c48dd-e597-4956-abf7-4369bd38840e | In what city was Aina Kusuda born? | Aina Kusuda | [
"Chiba Prefecture"
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"Japanese voice actress and singer\n is a Japanese voice actress and singer from Chiba Prefecture. Kusuda is currently affiliated with Just Pro. Kusuda is best known as Nozomi Toujou in \"Love Live! School Idol Project\" series, and has worked with the other \"Love Live!\" girls in singing multiple songs that have charted on Oricon. Kusuda's other major roles include Suko in \"Million Doll\" and Rose in \"Rilu Rilu Fairilu\". Her nickname is \"Kussun\". Career. Prior to entering the anime industry, Kusuda worked in a maid cafe in Akihabara called Cafe la vie en rose. Kusuda decided to become a voice actress after seeing a stage performance of Junko Takeuchi (the voice of Naruto Uzumaki). Kusuda made her debut as a voice actress as Nozomi Tojo in the media franchise \"Love Live! \", and she separately formed the duo unit, Please&Secret, with co-star Pile, who voiced Maki Nishikino. In 2013, Kusuda joined the idol unit Tabikare Girls, which released its first single that November. Kusuda released a CD on November 6, 2013, together with a new JTB Music Unit called “Tabi College Girls” (タビカレガールズ), together with Yui Watanabe, Rikako Yamaguchi, Rika Nishimori, and Mami Sumi.",
"She is also as a member of a mini unit in \"Love Live!\" project series, Lily White, alongside Riho Iida (voice of Rin Hoshizora) and Suzuko Mimori (voice of Umi Sonoda). Discography. Please&Secret. With Pile\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Kusuda (written: 楠田 lit. \"camphor tree field\") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Kusuda.",
"Japanese basketball player\n! colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:center; background-color:#b0c4de;color:inherit;\" | Medal record\nWomen's basketball\nKaori Kusuda (née Kawakami, 楠田香穂里、旧姓川上、born 29 May 1974) is a Japanese former basketball player who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Japanese politician\n is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature). He was elected for the first time in 2003 and represents the 5th District of Fukuoka prefecture. He is a native of Chikushino, Fukuoka and graduated from the University of Tokyo."
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"doc_chunk": "Japanese voice actress and singer\n is a Japanese voice actress and singer from Chiba Prefecture. Kusuda is currently affiliated with Just Pro. Kusuda is best known as Nozomi Toujou in \"Love Live! School Idol Project\" series, and has worked with the other \"Love Live!\" girls in singing multiple songs that have charted on Oricon. Kusuda's other major roles include Suko in \"Million Doll\" and Rose in \"Rilu Rilu Fairilu\". Her nickname is \"Kussun\". Career. Prior to entering the anime industry, Kusuda worked in a maid cafe in Akihabara called Cafe la vie en rose. Kusuda decided to become a voice actress after seeing a stage performance of Junko Takeuchi (the voice of Naruto Uzumaki). Kusuda made her debut as a voice actress as Nozomi Tojo in the media franchise \"Love Live! \", and she separately formed the duo unit, Please&Secret, with co-star Pile, who voiced Maki Nishikino. In 2013, Kusuda joined the idol unit Tabikare Girls, which released its first single that November. Kusuda released a CD on November 6, 2013, together with a new JTB Music Unit called “Tabi College Girls” (タビカレガールズ), together with Yui Watanabe, Rikako Yamaguchi, Rika Nishimori, and Mami Sumi.",
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popqa | b806793e-abf5-44f7-b7b1-b7ce20f0fef8 | In what city was Giovanni Speranza born? | Giovanni Speranza | [
"Gießen",
"Giessen"
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"German-Italian footballer\nGiovanni Speranza (born 6 March 1982 in Giessen) is a German-Italian footballer.",
"Italian painter\nGiovanni Speranza (c. 1470 – 1540s) was an Italian painter. He was born and was active in Vicenza, where he was a follower of Benedetto Montagna. His exact birth and death years are not confirmed with one claiming he was born in 1480 and died in 1546. He is mentioned briefly by Giorgio Vasari, in his entry on Jacopo Sansovino. He later claims both Montagna and Speranza were pupils of Andrea Mantegna. It is unclear if he is related to the Baroque painter Giovanni Battista Speranza. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Speranza is the Italian word for \"hope\". It could refer to one of several things:\nOther. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Uruguayan footballer (born 1958)\nJorge Speranza (August 25, 1958, Montevideo, Uruguay) is a former soccer player. Currently he works as a soccer coach. As a player, he shared dressing room at Club Atlético Bella Vista with some of the most important coaches of recent Uruguayan history as Víctor Púa, Julio Ribas, Luis González and Oscar Washington Tabarez (current coach of Uruguay's national team). As a coach, he began coaching professional players in 1989 in Salus F.C. His last team was Club Nacional de Football, in the 2010 season. Currently, he has no team. Career. He started coaching soccer teams at Uruguay's University Soccer League (Liga Universitaria de Fútbol de Uruguay) when he was still taking the coaches’ course at ISEF in Montevideo, in 1988. After he graduated, he coached Salus F.C. for two years. After that, he coached youngsters at Bella Vista, River Plate and Montevideo Wanderers F.C. In 1997 Speranza was hired again by Salus F.C. to coach the professional team. In 2004, he worked for Club Deportivo Colonia and he coached F.C. Itzaes from Mérida (Yucatán, Mexico). At his last club, Club Nacional de Football from Uruguay, he worked as assistant head coach in the 2010 season. Managing activity.",
"In parallel to his sport activity, Speranza has worked in management for companies such as Kodak (México), Bertelsmann AG, Coasin Uruguaya S.A., Acer Uruguay (as General Manager) and Integro IT Group in Uruguay (as General Manager). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 551c2437-4d79-4714-a4b6-b79336a87fbc | In what city was William Collins born? | William Collins (painter) | [
"London",
"London, UK",
"London, United Kingdom",
"London, England",
"Modern Babylon"
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"English painter\nWilliam Collins (8 September 1788 in London – 17 February 1847 in London) was an English landscape and genre painter. His sentimental paintings of poor people enjoying nature became a posthumous high fashion, notably in the 1870s when his market price rose higher than Constable (Cromer Sands, £3780, 1872) and stayed so until 1894. Turner, his model, far exceeded him in value (\"The Grand Canal, Venice\", sold to Vanderbilt in 1885 for £20,000). Life and work. Collins was born in Great Titchfield Street, London, son of William Collins Sr., an Irish-born picture-dealer and writer. He showed a great aptitude for art from an early age, and was for a while an informal pupil of George Morland. In 1807, he entered the schools of the Royal Academy (at the same time as William Etty), and exhibited at the Academy for the first time in the same year. In 1809 he was awarded a medal in the life school, and exhibited three pictures\\: \"Boy at Breakfast\", \"Boys with a Bird's-nest\" and a \"Portrait of Master Lee as he spoke the Prologue at the Haymarket Theatre\". In 1811, Collins sold a picture entitled \"The Young Fifer\" to the Marquis of Stafford for 80 guineas (£88), and the next year produced the work which made him famous, \"The Sale of the Pet Lamb\", which was sold for 140 forty guineas (£154) and engraved by S. W. Reynolds.",
"He now became the chief support of his family after the death of his father (in financial difficulty) and found some valuable patrons, especially Sir Thomas Freeman Heathcote, Sir John Leicester, Sir Robert Peel, Sir George Beaumont, and Lord Liverpool. In 1814 two pictures, \"The Blackberry Gatherers\" and \"The Birdcatchers\" (both sold privately) won him an associateship of the Royal Academy (ARA). In 1815, Collins undertook a sketching tour of the coast near Cromer and produced a \"Scene on the Coast of Norfolk\" which was acquired by the Prince Regent. In 1817 he visited Paris with Leslie and Washington Allston and painted \"The Departure of the Diligence from Rouen\", and the \"Scene on the Boulevards\" (both sold privately) – these were exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1818. He also painted several portraits about this time. In 1820, Collins was elected a Royal Academician (RA), presenting as his diploma picture \"The Young Anglers\". In 1822 he married Harriet Geddes, sister of the portrait painter Margaret Sarah Carpenter. He continued to exhibit with popularity and travel in England and Scotland. In 1826 he painted \"The Fisherman's Departure\", (engraved by Phelps), and in 1828 made a tour of the Netherlands and Belgium, living for short time in Boulogne in 1836.",
"\"Rustic Hospitality\" was painted in 1834 and in 1836 \"Sunday Morning\" and \"As Happy as a King\", the subject of the latter being suggested to Collins by the story of a country boy whose ideal of regal happiness was swinging on a gate all day and eating fat bacon. Collins painted several works with children as the primary focus, including \"Children on a Mountain Top\" (1846), with his earliest examples featuring a color pallet closer to tonalism decades before the movement's rise to popularity in the 1880s. In September 1836, Collins left London for Italy, where he remained for two years, occupying himself with advancing his knowledge of painting, but he had to return due to illness. He then began a series of pictures depicting Italian life, including \"Poor Travellers at the door of a Capuchin Convent near Vico, Bay of Naples\" and \"A Scene near Subiaco\", both exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1839. They were followed in 1840–1841 by two New Testament subjects: \"Our Saviour with the Doctors in the Temple\", and \"The Two Disciples at Emmaus\". From 1840 to 1842 Collins was librarian to the Royal Academy and in 1843 moved to a large house at 1 Devonport Street, Hyde Park Gardens. In 1840 he visited Germany and in 1842 the Shetland Islands, the latter inspiring a series of illustrations for Sir Walter Scott's novel \"Pirate\", which appeared in the \"Waverley\" edition of the book. In 1846 Collins's \"Early Morning\" was exhibited.",
"Ruskin commented, \"I have never seen the oppression of sunlight in a clear, lurid, rainy atmosphere more perfectly or faithfully rendered, and the various portions of reflected and scattered light are all studied with equal truth and solemn feeling.\" Collins also produced some watercolours such as \"The Rat-catcher\", \"Landing Fish\", \"A Street in Naples\" and \"Kentish Peasant Girls\", and did several etchings, most of which were given to the British Museum by Mrs. Collins, along with engravings of his best works. Death. Collins died of heart disease, \"terminating in dropsy\", in Devonport Street on 17 February 1847. He was buried in the cemetery of the church of St. Mary, Paddington, where a monument in the form of a cross was erected by his widow. The grave now stands isolated, on the north side of St Marys Gardens, after the churchyard's conversion into a public park in 1881. It has been vandalised, and the marble cross is missing; the inscription is also eroding. He left two sons, the elder being the novelist William Wilkie Collins, named after his godfather, who wrote a biography of his father entitled \"Memoirs of the Life of William Collins, Esq., R.A.\" (1848), and the younger being Charles Allston Collins, also a painter. In 1850, three years after Collins died, his widow Harriet and their sons moved to 17 Hanover Terrace, Regent's Park, next door to Collins's former patron and friend John Gibbons (1777–1851) at No.",
"16, and in 1856, when Collins's widow Harriet gave up No. 17, she moved next door to stay with Gibbons's widow, Elizabeth Steen. Works. Collins exhibited at the Royal Academy every year from 1807 to 1846 (a total of 124 pictures) and showed 45 pictures at the British Institution. His major works are listed in Volume 2 (pp. 341–352) of \"Memoirs\" (see Bibliography). Today his works appear in the collections at the Victoria and Albert Museum and Tate Britain in London and at other regional centres. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 4cfa329e-18ab-42cf-bcea-09324fb5402d | In what city was Anton Lui born? | Anton Lui | [
"Rabaul"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4587026 | 1 | {
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"Papua New Guinean sprinter\nAnton Lui (born July 27, 1985, in Rabaul, East New Britain) is a sprinter from Papua New Guinea. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"French adult-entertainment magazine\nLui (; lit. 'Him') is a French adult-entertainment magazine created in November 1963 by Daniel Filipacchi, a fashion photographer turned publisher, Jacques Lanzmann, a jack of all trades turned novelist, and Frank Ténot, a press agent, pataphysician and jazz critic. The objective was to bring some charm \"à la française\" to the market of men's magazines, following the success of \"Playboy\" in the United States, launched just a decade before. France, indeed, in the first half of 20th century had an outstanding reputation for erotic publications, feeding also foreign market and inspiring also ersatz French-flavoured magazines abroad, when, for example, US publishers used French-sounding titles like \"Chère\" and \"Dreamé\" or placed tricolour flags on the covers, attempting to attract the casual buyer. It was anyway a semi-clandestine circulating material, not allowed to be freely displayed or openly bought. In this sense \"Playboy\" changed the way 'soft pornography' (become more respectfully 'adult entertainment'), can be publicly circulated. This magazine was particularly successful from its origins to the early 1980s, but afterwards it began a long decline. It was published regularly until November 1987 (the final issue of this first series was the number 285). After 1987 there was a further attempt to relaunch the title but the publication ceased again in 1994. Passed into the hands of the media group of Michel Birnbaum, after a transient stimulus, it became a pornographic magazine with episodic dissemination.",
"It was published every three months. After the purchase of the title by Jean-Yves Le Fur, \"Lui\" was relaunched on 5 September 2013 as a high-end magazine with Frédéric Beigbeder at its helm. \"Lui\" published by Filipacchi group (1963–1994). First series (1963–1987). This magazine successful recipe was combining content with depth articles and beautiful naked women, featuring many B-List but also celebrities, often prominent French actresses, such as Brigitte Bardot, Mireille Darc, Jane Birkin or Marlène Jobert. It featured a monthly pin-up by Aslan. The first girl to pose on the cover was Valérie Lagrange (the number 1 appeared on 11 January 1963) photographed by Francis Giacobetti, future director of the soft-core movie \"Emmanuelle 2\". The magazine hosted also a cartoon by Lauzier: \"Les Sextraordinaires Aventures de Zizi et Peter Panpan\". Among the first collaborators are Jean-Louis Bory, René Chateau, Philippe Labro, Francis Dumoulin, Francis Giacobetti, Siné, Michel Mardore, Gilles Sandier and many others. The magazine motto was \"Lui, le magazine de l'homme moderne\" (The Magazine of the Modern Man). In the beginning, it had also a mascot, a cat's head, similarly to the magazine Playboy Bunny, but it disappeared in the early 1970s. Second series (1987–1994).",
"The second series was published by the Filipacchi group from 1987 to 1994. It has been published 69 numbers. Its editor was Stéphane de Rosnay in 1989, Brice Couturier 1990 to 1992. Initially, its specificity (compared to the first series) was that it was published in a two separate books, but from number 27, \"Lui\" returned to be a single book magazine with the new slogan \"Le magazine de l'homme civilisé\" (The Magazine of civilized man). The circulation that was in early 1980 of 350,000 copies dropped to 70,000 copies in 1993. In early 1993, the magazine abandoned the monthly release and became bimonthly. The Filipacchi group stopped publication in June 1994. \"Lui\" published by Michel Birnbaum (1995–2010). \"Le Nouveau Lui\" (1995–1997). The title was used again from 1995 to 1997 (14 issues) and named \"Le Nouveau Lui\" by Michel Birnbaum, a radiotherapist physician turned publisher as founder and owner of the holding company Altinea, specializing in magazines about vintage cars. The goal was to return to the roots (and success) of the original publication, intending a more glamour-oriented publication. The coverage of the first issue was dedicated to Miss Agnes. The magazine was again released as a monthly issue and the design of the title was upgraded. For the first time, the cover picture was devoted to one man alone, without an accompanying female model.",
"This attempt to revive the magazine failed, with the final issue published in February 1997 with Eva Herzigová as the cover girl. \"Lui\" pornographic magazine (2001–2010). The magazine published quarterly from 2001 to 2010 had a pornographic nature. Its slogan was \"L'officiel de la photo de charme\" or (as on the online edition) \"Le charme des filles d'aujourd hui.\" It was published by the company 1633, whose president and sole shareholder was Michel Birnbaum. Patrick Guérinet was the managing editor until July 2010, when he was succeeded by Francis Guillebon. \"Lui\" published by Jean-Yves Le Fur (2013–2020). The magazine was relaunched in 2013 with Léa Seydoux as its first cover girl. Its editor-in-chief was Frédéric Beigbeder. In March 2017, the magazine went from monthly to quarterly and Frédéric Taddeï succeeded Frédéric Beigbeder as its editor-in-chief. Covergirls since the first issue have (as of January 2016) included Rihanna, Gisele Bundchen, Rita Ora, Monica Bellucci, Alessandra Ambrosio, Virginie Ledoyen, Naomi Campbell, Kate Moss, Jourdan Dunn, Carolyn Murphy, Joan Smalls, and others. With the exception of Bellucci who appeared semi-clothed, all have appeared topless or fully naked inside their issues. Notes and references. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 8266d224-3f31-43b2-bde5-3fff0c723bef | In what city was Paul Walker born? | Paul Walker (footballer, born 1977) | [
"Kilwinning",
"The Crossroads of Ayrshire"
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"Scottish footballer\nPaul Walker (born 20 August 1977 in Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland) is a Scottish footballer who played as a winger. Having been developed as a player through Dundee United 's youth system, Walker made six league appearances for the United first team, his last coming in September 1997. In December 1998, he joined St Mirren but would make just one substitute league appearance before joining Stranraer three months later. His stay at Stair Park lasted two-and-a-half years, where he managed 14 goals from 61 league appearances; his stay included a short loan spell with Queens Park. In 2001, he headed to Partick Thistle, where he spent two seasons, before a similar time with Greenock Morton. A year back at Stranraer followed, before a short-lived spell at Montrose. Walker signed for Ayr United in August 2006 before joining East Fife at the start of the 2007–08 season. After playing just once in the 2008–09 season, Walker moved to Junior level with Irvine Meadow. Honours. Queen's Park\nPartick Thistle\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nRichard Martin Walker (born 8 November 1977) is an English former footballer who played as a forward for Devon and Exeter League club Beer Albion. Career. Early career. Walker started his career at Aston Villa in 1997. Here, he scored a goal against Arsenal, one of the highest points of his Villa career. After loan spells with Cambridge United, Blackpool and Wycombe Wanderers, he signed for the Seasiders in 2001. He helped Blackpool win the 2001–02 Football League Trophy, playing as a substitute in the final. Walker was loaned out to Northampton Town and Oxford United in the 2003–04 season, before joining Bristol Rovers in the summer of 2004. Bristol Rovers. A natural goalscorer, he formed a formidable partnership with Junior Agogo before the Ghanaian was sold to Nottingham Forest. Walker scored two goals in the 2007 League Two Play-off Final against Shrewsbury at Wembley, as the Gasheads secured a 3–1 victory to send them up to League One. Walker was placed on the transfer list at the end of the 2007–08 season, having scored only four goals in that season, all from the penalty spot. He joined Shrewsbury on a full-season loan in the summer of 2008, taking him up to the expiry of his contract with Bristol Rovers. Burton Albion. Following the expiry of his Bristol Rovers contract, he joined newly promoted Burton Albion in July 2009 on a two-year contract, he scored 4 goals in 35 games for the club before his release in May 2011. Solihull Moors. On 9 September 2011, Solihull Moors announced the signing of Richard Walker.",
"He made his debut the following day in a 1–0 away win at Boston United. He scored his first goal for the club on 17 September 2011, opening the scoring as Solihull overcame Altrincham 2–0 at Damson Park. Post-retirement. After having played less than a season of Conference North football, he opted to move with his family to Devon in April 2012. Following his retirement, Walker has worked in a large warehouse for Axminster Tools. He ended the season playing for Beer Albion in the Premier Division of the Devon & Exeter Football League, at level 12 of the league system, some six levels below the team where he had begun the year. He was recruited for Beer by a colleague who played for the team, and who convinced Richard to play alongside him. In August 2019, Walker was announced to have stepped away from the role of player-manager, staying on at the club as a player alongside his sons Sammie and Jamie. Honours. Blackpool\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Welsh footballer\nPaul Alan Roberts (born 29 July 1977) is a Welsh former footballer who mostly played in the League of Wales, scoring over 100 goals. He has played in the English football league, making just 1 substitute appearance for then-Second Division side Wrexham. Internationally, he has been capped for the Wales under-21 national football team. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English footballer\nPaul Graham Walker (born 3 April 1949) is a former professional footballer, who played for Wolverhampton Wanderers, Watford, Swindon Town, Peterborough United, Barnsley and Huddersfield Town. In the summer of 1976, he played abroad in Canada's National Soccer League with Ottawa Tigers. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "Scottish footballer\nPaul Walker (born 20 August 1977 in Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland) is a Scottish footballer who played as a winger. Having been developed as a player through Dundee United 's youth system, Walker made six league appearances for the United first team, his last coming in September 1997. In December 1998, he joined St Mirren but would make just one substitute league appearance before joining Stranraer three months later. His stay at Stair Park lasted two-and-a-half years, where he managed 14 goals from 61 league appearances; his stay included a short loan spell with Queens Park. In 2001, he headed to Partick Thistle, where he spent two seasons, before a similar time with Greenock Morton. A year back at Stranraer followed, before a short-lived spell at Montrose. Walker signed for Ayr United in August 2006 before joining East Fife at the start of the 2007–08 season. After playing just once in the 2008–09 season, Walker moved to Junior level with Irvine Meadow. Honours. Queen's Park\nPartick Thistle\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 2f75d38a-4101-465f-9141-215b84d8e6e6 | In what city was Margaret Coit born? | Margaret Coit | [
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"American historian\nMargaret Louise Coit (Margaret Louise Elwell) (May 30, 1919 in Norwich, Connecticut - March 15, 2003 in Amesbury, Massachusetts) was a writer of American history books for both adults and children. In 1935 when she was still in high school in Greensboro, North Carolina, Coit—like many people in the South at that time—venerated John C. Calhoun. In her eyes his life was heroic. Calhoun was \"a congressman and vice president under two presidents\" and \"later a symbol of the lost cause of defending slavery.\" After studying journalism and history for several years at the Woman's College at Greensboro, she worked for many years researching Calhoun's life, resulting in the publication of her Pulitzer Prize-winning book entitled \"John C. Calhoun, American Portrait\". Early life and education. Coit was born in Connecticut to Grace Trow, the principal of a private day school, and Archa Willoughby Coit, a stockbroker. Two years later, Margaret's sister Grace was born with Down syndrome; caring for Grace would take up much of Coit's adult life. At the start of the Great Depression, Coit's family moved to Greensboro, North Carolina, where Coit attended Curry School, a training school located on the grounds of Woman's College (now The University of North Carolina at Greensboro). Coit graduated Curry School in 1937 and went on to study history and English at Woman's College, where she edited the college magazine, wrote for the school paper, and studied with professors such as Caroline Tate and Mildred Gould. Career.",
"Meanwhile, Coit's parents had moved to West Newbury, Massachusetts, and after graduating in 1941, she moved north to work as a reporter for the newspapers of surrounding towns—the \"Lawrence Daily Eagle\", \"Newburyport Daily News\", and \"Haverhill Gazette\". Biography of John C. Calhoun. Over the next nine years, Coit also performed extensive research on South Carolina statesman John C. Calhoun, in whom she had developed an interest while still a school child at Curry. \"John C. Calhoun, American Portrait\" was published by Houghton Mifflin to critical acclaim in 1950, winning the 1951 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography. As a result of the critical acclaim for \"John C. Calhoun\", Coit won a staff appointment to the University of New Hampshire Writers Conference, where she met Lloyd Haberly, a poet and the new dean of Fairleigh Dickinson University. Haberly invited Coit to teach at the university's Rutherford branch, where she began as a visiting writer in the English department in 1950, then became a professor of social science. Over the next decade Coit would also teach at the University of Colorado at Boulder and Bread Loaf Writers' Conferences, and write articles and reviews for various national publications including \"Look\", the \"Saturday Review\", \"The Nation\", and \"American Heritage\". In 1959 Woman's College bestowed upon Coit an honorary Doctor of Letters. In 1970 Coit was recruited to edit \"Calhoun: Great Lives Observed\". In 1977 Phi Alpha Theta conferred membership upon her for \"conspicuous attainments and scholarship in the field of history.\"",
"Biography of Bernard Baruch. Coit's treatment of Calhoun also drew the attention of Bernard Baruch, who requested she write his biography next. Coit spent seven years working closely with Baruch, combing through his personal papers and interviewing his associates, among them top political figures of the day. Unfortunately, Baruch did not agree with the final product, and withdrew permission to quote from his personal papers and friends. However, the attorneys at Houghton Mifflin gave the go-ahead, and \"Mr. Baruch\" was published in 1957. It was named a Book of the Month selection by the National Council of Women in 1958. Although Baruch later extended an olive branch to Coit, her negative experience with writing a biography of a living person caused her to refuse to do so ever again; she even turned down an invitation to write the life story of Eleanor Roosevelt, whom she greatly admired. Date with John F. Kennedy. In a June 1966 interview with Charles T. Morrissey Coit described how during her first trip in the spring of 1953 to New York to interview senators for her biography on Bernard Baruch, at the age of 34, she met then-senator John F. Kennedy, one month before his engagement to Jacqueline Bouvier. Coit admitted to Morrissey:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />I had designs on John F. Kennedy. Everybody in Massachusetts did. We had a Kennedy legend then which was not like the legend you have now, but there was definitely a Kennedy legend.",
"We didn’t know much about him, but he was the golden boy, the most eligible bachelor in New England. Every girl in Massachusetts wanted to date him, and I wasn’t any exception. I thought up what possible excuse I would have to meet him, to interview him... But then the date went terribly, with Kennedy forcing her to kiss him, treating her aggressively until she finally got away from him. Time-Life series on United States history. In 1963 she published \"The Growing Years: 1789-1829\" and \"The Sweep Westward\" as part of a Time-Life series on United States history. Historical fiction for children. In the 1960s Coit found success writing historical non-fiction for children. In 1961 her \"Fight for Union\" won the Thomas Edison Award, and she followed that up with \"Andrew Jackson\" in 1965 and \"Massachusetts\" in 1967. She did not stick strictly to the youth market, however, and also managed to contribute two volumes, entitled \"The Growing Years: 1789-1829\" and \"The Sweep Westward\", to a Time-Life series on United States history, both in 1963. During this time, Coit also traveled overseas for the first time. In the summer of 1964, she sailed to the United Kingdom to deliver talks on the American political scene. In 1978 Coit married farmer and politician Albert Elwell, whom she had first met at a West Newbury town meeting in 1954, and moved to Strawberry Hill Farm, where she helped with the farming.",
"Although almost 80 years old, Elwell remained active in local politics, and Coit (now Margaret Coit Elwell) served as moderator at town meetings. Later life and death. Although Coit did not publish any books in the 1980s, she continually researched and wrote about topics that interested her. She worked on an adult-level book about Andrew Jackson, and spent years developing a book entitled \"The South Joins the Union\"; though it was never finished, she did teach a course of that same name in 1981. In 1984 Margaret was given the Rutherford Campus Faculty Award to recognize her years of teaching at Fairleigh Dickinson University. Soon after, she retired in order to find work closer to home, and from 1985 to 1987 she taught a course on the American presidency at Bunker Hill Community College in Charlestown. Margaret Coit died in 2003 in Amesbury, Massachusetts. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | a375bcfb-f4e0-49fb-b536-2a747610adf4 | In what city was Belly born? | Belly (rapper) | [
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"Palestinian-Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer\nAhmad Balshe (; born 7 April 1984), known professionally as Belly, is a Palestinian-Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Born in Jenin, Balshe was raised in Ottawa. His debut mixtape, \"Death Before Dishonor: Vol. 1\" (2005) was followed by eight additional projects until the release of his debut studio album, \"The Revolution\" (2007). After an eight-year hiatus in favor of songwriting for fellow Canadian singer the Weeknd, Balshe signed with his record label, XO, as a recording artist in 2015. Released in a joint venture with Roc Nation, his eighth mixtape, \"Up for Days\" (2015), marked his first release on a major label and was led by the single \"Might Not\" (featuring the Weeknd) — his first entry on both Canadian Hot 100 and \"Billboard\" Hot 100 which received double platinum and platinum certifications by Music Canada (MC) and the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), respectively. His second studio album, \"Immigrant\" (2018), narrowly entered the \"Billboard\" 200 along with his third, \"See You Next Wednesday\" (2021). His fourth album, \"96 Miles from Bethlehem\" (2024) was released by SALXCO and explored political subject matter, namely the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict. In songwriting, Belly has been credited on each of the Weeknd's studio albums. He has also provided backing vocals and songwriting for American singer Beyoncé's 2016 song \"6 Inch\".",
"In 2020, he co-wrote tracks on the Weeknd's fourth studio album \"After Hours\" and its single \"Blinding Lights\", which became \"Billboard\"'s Greatest Hot 100 Hit of All Time in 2021. Belly was honoured as Songwriter of the Year at the 2016 SOCAN (Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada) Awards for his \"significant and outstanding contributions to popular music over the past year\". Alongside his SOCAN award, Belly has won a Juno Award, three MuchMusic Video Awards, and has twice attained a top chart position in the national Much Music Countdown. Belly has collaborated frequently with fellow Palestinian DJ Khaled. Early life. Ahmad Balshe was born on 7 April 1984 in Jenin, Palestine. When he was seven years old, he moved to Ottawa, Ontario, Canada with his family, through Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, and Jordan, to escape violence and poverty. Career. 2007–2008: Early career and \"The Revolution\". Belly's first single, \"Pressure\" featuring Ginuwine, peaked at number 10 on the Canadian CHR radio charts, and number one on MuchMusic's Video chart. In April 2007, he released the video for his second single \"Don't Be Shy\", featuring Nina Sky, as well as the video for \"History of Violence\" directed by Martin Verigin and Jeffrey Hagerman. The latter remains his most controversial record to date, as he explains his views on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the War in Iraq.",
"During the 2007 NHL Playoffs, as the Ottawa Senators were competing, Belly released the single \"Bandwagon\", produced by Hussain Hamdan. When the Senators made the Stanley Cup Finals, he released a second version of the song which featured goaltender Ray Emery. His debut album, \"The Revolution\", was released on 5 June 2007. This double disc album was divided into two sections: \"The People\" and \"The System\". \"The People\" contained more in depth songs, such as \"History of Violence\", \"Follow Me\", and \"Revolutionary\", where he challenges his listeners to discover the facts regarding the Middle East situation. Other songs on this disc include \"People Change\" and \"Leave Me Alone\", where he talks about his longtime friends and the memories that he kept from them. \"The System\" contained his hit singles \"Ridin'\", and \"Pleasure\". \"The Revolution\" achieved Gold sales in Canada and won the 2008 Juno Award for Rap Recording of the Year. The singles from \"The Revolution\" won two MuchMusic Video Awards for Best Rap Video: \"Pressure\" in 2007 and \"Ridin'\" in 2008. 2011–2012: Additional mixtapes and hiatus. In 2011, Belly released his fifth mixtape \"Sleepless Nights\", hosted by DJ ill Will. He also released his sixth mixtape in collaboration with rapper Kurupt entitled \"Belly & Kurupt The Lost Tapes 2008\". The mixtape, also hosted by DJ ill Will, contained a compilation of songs the two had worked on some time after Belly's debut studio album was released.",
"Some of the songs featured on the mixtape were previously unreleased. Belly then released his seventh mixtape \"The Greatest Dream I Never Had\", hosted by DJ Drama\".\" Belly's next project \"Sleepless Nights 1.5\" was released in April 2012. The first single, \"Hot Girl\" featuring Snoop Dogg, was released on 8 September 2009. Its second single, \"To The Top\" featuring Ava, was released in 2010. Belly's first single of 2011 was \"Back Against the Wall\", featuring singer Kobe Honeycutt. 2015–2016: Signing to XO and Roc Nation. In May 2015, after a five-year hiatus, Belly released his eighth mixtape \"Up for Days\". It was his first project to be released under the record labels XO and Roc Nation and featured guest appearances by Travis Scott, Juelz Santana, French Montana and the Weeknd. Belly was also prominently featured on the Weeknd's sophomore album \"Beauty Behind the Madness\" in August 2015, earning writing credits on six of the fourteen songs: \"Often\"\"\", \"The Hills\"\"\", \"Shameless\"\"\", \"Earned It\"\"\", \"In the Night\"\"\" and \"As You Are\"\"\". On 24 November 2015, Belly formally signed to Roc Nation. In February 2016, Belly released the single \"Zanzibar\", featuring Juicy J.",
"On 27 May, he released his ninth mixtape \"Another Day in Paradise\", which featured guest appearances by Travis Scott, Lil Wayne, Kehlani, Starrah, Waka Flocka, Juicy J and B-Real. On 11 November, he released his tenth mixtape \"Inzombia\". It featured guest appearances from Young Thug, Zack, Nav, Future, Ty Dolla $ign, Jadakiss and Ashanti. The mixtape was supported by two singles; \"Consuela\" and \"The Day I Met You\". Later that month, the Weeknd released his third studio album \"Starboy\", with Belly earning writing credits on nine of the eighteen songs: \"Party Monster\", \"False Alarm\", \"Rockin'\", \"Six Feet Under\", \"Love to Lay\", \"A Lonely Night\", \"Ordinary Life\", \"Nothing Without You\" and \"All I Know\". 2017–2018: \"Mumble Rap\" and \"Immigrant\". On 23 June 2017, Belly was featured on DJ Khaled's tenth studio album \"Grateful\" on the song \"Interlude\". On 6 October, he released his eleventh mixtape \"Mumble Rap\", which was executive produced by Boi-1da. On 8 December, he was featured on Juicy J's fourth studio album \"Rubba Band Business\" on the song \"On & On\", which also featured Tory Lanez. On 23 March 2018, Belly released the single \"4 Days\", featuring rapper YG and producer DJ Mustard."
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popqa | 3cdf7760-52d9-4f69-8ef3-82e7e7f638b3 | In what city was Thomas D. Schall born? | Thomas D. Schall | [
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"American politician\nThomas David Schall (June 4, 1878 – December 22, 1935) was an American lawyer and politician. He served in both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate from Minnesota. He was initially elected and then re-elected as a Progressive but later joined the Republican Party. Schall was born in Reed City, Michigan, and moved with his family to Campbell, Minnesota, in 1884. He initially attended Hamline University, but graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1902, followed by William Mitchell College of Law (then the St. Paul College of Law) in 1904. Three years later, he was blinded by an electrical shock from a cigar lighter. Schall was elected to the House of Representatives in 1914 and served from March 4, 1915, to March 3, 1925, in the 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, and 68th congresses. As he was legally blind, he was granted, by House vote, a full-time page to assist him with his work. After losing the Republican primary for a special election to the Senate in 1923, Schall was elected to the Senate in 1924, defeating Magnus Johnson with 46% of the vote. He served from March 4, 1925, until his death, in the 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, and 73rd congresses. Johnson would challenge Schall's election, leading the blind Senator to infamously label him \"a marionette who kicked and waved his hands and opened his mouth according to the tension of the string.\"",
"He had a tough re-election campaign in 1930, facing strong candidates from both the Democratic and Farmer Labor parties, and eventually won with 37% of the vote with the support of the NAACP owing to support of the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill. Long noted as a vitriolic and personal campaigner, Schall would emerge as a leading opponent of the New Deal, going so far as to compare Franklin D. Roosevelt to Satan and claim his reform program was communistic in nature. Going further, Schall would accuse Eleanor Roosevelt of corruption and liken President Roosevelt to Mussolini and Hitler, while at the same time accusing him of plotting \"the destruction of all private industry.\" Schall was struck by a hit and run driver while walking across the Washington-Baltimore Boulevard, now known as Bladensburg Road, in Cottage City, Maryland, on December 19, 1935. He died in Washington three days later, becoming one of the few United States Senators or Congressmen to die in a road crash while in office. He is buried in Lakewood Cemetery in Minneapolis. References. George Daniel Harden, \"The Career of Thomas Schall of Minnesota,\" unpublished M.S. thesis, Winona State University, Winona, Minn., 1968.",
"Schall can refer to;\nOther. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"German table tennis player\nElke Schall,(born 19 July 1973 in Speyer) is a professional table tennis player from Germany. She has an offensive, looping style. She competed at five consecutive Olympics from 1992 to 2008. Her doubles partner at the first four Olympics was Nicole Struse, with whom she won the European Championships in 1996 and 1998. She was part of the German team that came third in 1997 and sixth in 2004 at the World Championships and three podium finishes at the European Championships in 2000, 2002, and 2007. She won the German Mixed Doubles championship six times and was Germany Player of the Year in 2003. At the 2009 World Championships, she and Christian Suss reached the quarter-finals but were then beaten by the eventual silver medalists. From 2001 to 2008 she was married to fellow Germany professional table tennis player Torben Wosik, whom she met in 1991. She has three brothers and sisters. Her brother Martin is a retired professional basketball player. Her home club is TV Busenbach. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American baseball player (born 1970)\nEugene David Schall (born June 5, 1970) is a retired Major League Baseball first baseman. He played during two seasons at the major league level for the Philadelphia Phillies. He was drafted by the Phillies in the 4th round of the 1991 amateur draft. Schall played his first professional season with their Class A (Short Season) Batavia Clippers in 1991, and his last with their Triple-A Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Red Barons in 2002. Schall played college baseball at Villanova, earning All-Tournament honors after the 1989 Big East Conference baseball tournament. He was named an ABCA All-American in 1991. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n2. \"Gene Schall Statistics\". \"The Baseball Cube\". 23 January 2008. 3. \"Gene Schall Statistics\". \"Baseball-Reference\". 23 January 2008."
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popqa | 2063f3b8-eee5-4013-a0be-70fbfdbb1d92 | In what city was Johann Heinrich Roos born? | Johann Heinrich Roos | [
"Otterberg"
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"German painter\nJohann Heinrich Roos (29 September 1631, Otterberg – 3 October 1685, Frankfurt) was a German Baroque era landscape painter and etcher. Biography. Roos was born in Otterberg, a town in the Palatinate in 1631. His family had emigrated to Amsterdam due to the Thirty Years' War in 1640. He trained with Guilliam du Gardijn, Cornelis de Bie and Barent Graat, but the landscape painters Nicolaes Berchem and Karel Dujardin were more of an influence on him. In 1653 the Roos family returned to Germany, where Johann and his brother Theodor Roos worked together on a commission for a cloister in Mainz. Between 1654 and 1659, Johann worked for Ernst, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels (son of Maurice, lived 1623–1693), where he painted a portrait of \"A Prince\" (1654, Heidelberg, Kurpfälzisches Museum) and religious scenes. In 1664 he was invited to paint at the court of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine. Due to unsatisfactory working conditions, he moved with his family to Frankfurt in 1667 and was very successful, but lost everything in a fire in 1685. He died trying to save his belongings. Four sons and a daughter survived to become good painters. Though not registered as a pupil of Rembrandt, he made a copy of a painting by Rembrandt that he saw presumably in Amsterdam while he trained there from 1647 to 1653:\nWorks. Roos specialized in pastoral idylls, idealized landscapes with ancient ruins.",
"He found inspiration in engravings. These pastoral scenes represent the longing of Roos for harmony between men and animals with nature. Among biblical, historical and genre scenes, Roos preferred subjects involving animals: the shepherds of the nativity, Venus and Adonis. Roos was also one of the finest German portrait painters of his time. He painted princes, noble ladies and officers, but also Frankfurt middle classes. Roos worked too from many individual drawings (Albertina, Vienna), mostly of domestic animals. He intensified the individuality of each species. Public collections. Roos is represented in the following collections : Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna; Städelsches Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt; Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin, Ohio; Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco; Detroit Institute of Arts, Michigan; Dulwich Picture Gallery, London; Crocker Art Museum, California; Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indiana; Dallas Museum of Art, Texas; Palazzo Bianco, Genoa, amongst others. Family. His sons Philipp Peter Roos (Rosa di Tivoli) and Johann Melchior Roos were also renowned painters. Their works are represented in museums at Frankfurt, Cologne, Dessau, Darmstadt and Stuttgart. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Johann Melchior Roos (December 27, 1663, Heidelberg – 1731, Braunschweig), was a German Baroque painter. Biography. According to the RKD He was born in Heidelberg and learned to paint from his father, the landscape painter Johann Heinrich Roos. In 1682-1685 he studied at the drawing academy of the Confrerie Pictura in the Hague, and in 1686 he travelled to Rome where he worked with his brother Philipp Peter Roos (Rosa di Tivoli) in Italy. He is known for Italianate landscapes with animals and portraits. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German writer\nJohann Heinrich Acker (12 August 1647 – 21 September 1719) was a German writer. He sometimes wrote under the name of Melissander. He was taught in his native city of Naumburg and at the regional school of Pforta (Schulpforta). Beginning in 1669, he studied in Jena where he became magister and adjunct of the philosophical faculty. In 1673 he became adjunct and pastor in Hausen near Gotha, and in 1689 he became superintendent and court chaplain in Blankenhain. He resigned in 1717 due to an illness and moved to Gotha, where he died in 1719.",
"German philosopher (1762-1816)\nJohann Heinrich Abicht (4 May 1762 – 28 April 1816) was a German philosopher. Biography. Abicht was born at Volkstedt (now part of Rudolstadt). His grandfather was teacher and organist in Wilmersdorf, Gehren, and his father was a teacher in Volkstedt. Johann Abicht himself finished the college in Rudolstadt and visited the University of Erlangen in 1781. In 1784 he became controller at the house of chief equerry von Schall in Öhringen. Abicht made his magister in 1786 and his doctor in philosophy in 1790. In the same year, he was appointed adjunct and then extraordinary professor in the philosophical faculty. He became regular professor in 1796. On 4 August 1804 he was appointed professor of logic and metaphysics at the newly reorganised university of Wilna. He died at Wilna, aged 53. His philosophy is clearly influenced by Kant, later by Karl Leonhard Reinhold."
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"doc_chunk": "German painter\nJohann Heinrich Roos (29 September 1631, Otterberg – 3 October 1685, Frankfurt) was a German Baroque era landscape painter and etcher. Biography. Roos was born in Otterberg, a town in the Palatinate in 1631. His family had emigrated to Amsterdam due to the Thirty Years' War in 1640. He trained with Guilliam du Gardijn, Cornelis de Bie and Barent Graat, but the landscape painters Nicolaes Berchem and Karel Dujardin were more of an influence on him. In 1653 the Roos family returned to Germany, where Johann and his brother Theodor Roos worked together on a commission for a cloister in Mainz. Between 1654 and 1659, Johann worked for Ernst, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels (son of Maurice, lived 1623–1693), where he painted a portrait of \"A Prince\" (1654, Heidelberg, Kurpfälzisches Museum) and religious scenes. In 1664 he was invited to paint at the court of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine. Due to unsatisfactory working conditions, he moved with his family to Frankfurt in 1667 and was very successful, but lost everything in a fire in 1685. He died trying to save his belongings. Four sons and a daughter survived to become good painters. Though not registered as a pupil of Rembrandt, he made a copy of a painting by Rembrandt that he saw presumably in Amsterdam while he trained there from 1647 to 1653:\nWorks. Roos specialized in pastoral idylls, idealized landscapes with ancient ruins.",
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popqa | 7ab268d1-6fba-449e-84d9-8225928cdff3 | In what city was Antigoni Goni born? | Antigoni Goni | [
"Athens"
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"Antigoni Goni (born 8 March 1969) is a Greek guitarist, recording artist, and performer, who was the founder and Chair of the Pre-College Division of the Guitar Department at the Juilliard School\nGoni was born in Athens, Greece, and studied with Evangelos Assimakopoulos at the National Conservatory of Athens, with John Mills at the Royal Academy of Music in London and extensively in master classes with Julian Bream. She continued her studies with Sharon Isbin at the Juilliard School in New York. She has performed throughout the United States, Japan, Portugal, France, and other countries. Her career blossomed in the mid-1990s after winning the Guitar Foundation of America competition, which resulted in some 65 concerts in North America and a contract with Naxos Records for which she has recorded three highly successful CDs. Goni released an additional solo album, \"Hymn to the Muse\", under Timespan Recordings in 2016. Goni is a professor at the Royal Conservatory in Brussels, and artist-in-residence for San Francisco Performances. She was Chairman of the Guitar Department at Juilliard Pre-College Division between 1995 and 2004, and she currently holds positions at Columbia University and the Royal Academy of Music in London, splitting her time between both coasts of the United States, Brussels and Athens. In 2007 Goni founded The Volterra Project, a holistic guitar workshop held in Volterra, Italy each summer. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Goni may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Antigoni Psychrami (), commonly spelled as Antigoni Psihrami, is a Greek singer who rose to fame after her participation on the first season of the talent show \"Greek Idol\" in 2010. She subsequently released the digital single \"Xamogela\". In March 2011, she was one of six candidates who competed to represent Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011, competing with a song titled \"It's All Greek to Me\". Eurovision 2011. \"It's All Greek to Me!\". Antigoni Psychrami chose the song \"It's All Greek to Me!\" in an attempt to represent Greece at the 2011 Eurovision. \"It's All Greek to Me!\" was written by Apostolos Psihramis, with lyrics by Dimitris S. and Gerard James Borg. Borg is best known for penning five entries for Malta for Eurovision competitions. The song is performed in English, and is dance-pop in style, with ethnic elements. Psychrami emerged from the first season of the reality talent show \"Greek Idol\" in 2010, and promptly signed with record label Minos EMI. Antigoni's song finished in 2nd place, after Luca's \"Watch my dance\", which represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011\nCrimea Music Fest 2011. On 8 September 2011, Psychrami represented Greece on Crimea Music Fest, in Ukraine. The Crimea Music Fest is a worldwide song contest organized by Ukraine Television and Radio Programme. Psychrami reached 4th place for Greece at the fest. Chart positions and certifications.",
"Rent. Psychrami played the role of Mimi Márquez in \"Rent The Musical\". CR Radio. Antigoni Psychrami and her friend Nicole Paparistodimou have their own radio program on Web Radio Station C R Radio. The program is named \"Sigatikoi stin Trela\"(English: Crazy roommates). Personal life. She hails from Myrkinos, Serres. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Greek Cypriot politician and chemist\nAntigoni Papadopoulou (Greek: Αντιγόνη Παπαδοπούλου; \"née\" Pericleous (Greek: Περικλέους); born July 8, 1954) is a Greek Cypriot politician and chemist. She was one of the first two Cypriot women to be elected as Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) among six Cypriot MEPs (2009). She is a former Member of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Cyprus and the First Woman to serve as Chair of the House’s Committee of Economic Affairs and Budgeting (2006–2009). She was an Assembly Member of the Council of Europe from 2001 to 2009 and has also served as Vice Chairperson of the Committee of Economic Affairs of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (2003–2009). Papadopoulou was the elected Mayor of Morphou from 1996 to 2001. She was the first female mayor in the city's history and the only elected female mayor of Morphou so far, as well as the first woman to serve as a national parliamentarian in the District of Nicosia for the Democratic Party (DIKO) for two consecutive terms (2001 & 2006). She has also served as Municipal Councilor in Strovolos Municipality from 1991 to 1996. She is the President of GODIK, the Women’s Organization of the Democratic Party since 1994. Personal life. Papadopoulou was born in Morphou."
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"doc_chunk": "Antigoni Goni (born 8 March 1969) is a Greek guitarist, recording artist, and performer, who was the founder and Chair of the Pre-College Division of the Guitar Department at the Juilliard School\nGoni was born in Athens, Greece, and studied with Evangelos Assimakopoulos at the National Conservatory of Athens, with John Mills at the Royal Academy of Music in London and extensively in master classes with Julian Bream. She continued her studies with Sharon Isbin at the Juilliard School in New York. She has performed throughout the United States, Japan, Portugal, France, and other countries. Her career blossomed in the mid-1990s after winning the Guitar Foundation of America competition, which resulted in some 65 concerts in North America and a contract with Naxos Records for which she has recorded three highly successful CDs. Goni released an additional solo album, \"Hymn to the Muse\", under Timespan Recordings in 2016. Goni is a professor at the Royal Conservatory in Brussels, and artist-in-residence for San Francisco Performances. She was Chairman of the Guitar Department at Juilliard Pre-College Division between 1995 and 2004, and she currently holds positions at Columbia University and the Royal Academy of Music in London, splitting her time between both coasts of the United States, Brussels and Athens. In 2007 Goni founded The Volterra Project, a holistic guitar workshop held in Volterra, Italy each summer. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | c23d1bb3-19a0-487a-94ee-85c5ceab3401 | In what city was Emil Marschalk von Ostheim born? | Emil Marschalk von Ostheim | [
"Bamberg",
"Town of Bamberg"
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"German historian\nEmil Freiherr Marschalk von Ostheim (16 April 1841, Bamberg - 7 July 1903, Bamberg) was a German historian, numismatist and collector. His book collection can be found at Bamberg State Library.",
"Georg Marschalk von Ebnet (died 1505) was the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg from 1503 to 1505. Biography. Georg Marschalk von Ebnet was a member of the Marschalk von Ebnet family, which derived its name from being hereditary Marshal of Ebnet, now a district of Burgkunstadt. The cathedral chapter of Bamberg Cathedral elected Marschalk von Ebnet to be Prince-Bishop of Bamberg on 19 September 1503. Pope Julius II confirmed his appointment on 11 December 1503. He died on 30 January 1505 without ever having been consecrated as a bishop.",
"Ostheim vor der Rhön is a town in Northern Bavaria in the district of Rhön-Grabfeld in Franconia. Though politically part of Bavaria since 1947, it was historically a part of Thuringia, and remains religiously, architecturally, and to some extent culturally distinct from its immediate surroundings. History. Ostheim was first mentioned in 804. During the Reformation, Ostheim (along with much of the surrounding region) became Protestant. However, in the 1580s and 1590s, a powerful Counter-Reformation effort led by Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn, the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg, reconverted most of the Streutal (the Streu valley, in northern Franconia) back to Catholicism. Ostheim and a few villages nearby became Protestant islands in a solidly Catholic region. (The town's heavily fortified Lutheran church dates from this period.) Ostheim was sacked by Imperial troops in 1634 during the Thirty Years War, but survived and retained its distinctive character. From the 17th century until 1920 the town was an exclave of Protestant Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, first in Catholic Franconia and then in Bavaria after Franconia came under the Bavarian crown. After the First World War, it became an exclave of Thuringia in Bavaria from 1920 until 1947. During the late 19th and early 20th century, as religious differences faded in importance, the town became increasingly integrated into the surrounding region, becoming a small regional industrial center as well as a market for the surrounding agricultural hinterland.",
"In 1945 Ostheim became part of the American controlled zone, in the Free State of Bavaria. In 1947 it was formally transferred to Bavarian control in exchange for some similar exclaves in the Soviet Zone. Ostheim lies on the river Streu between Mellrichstadt and Fladungen. It is one of the stops in Wim Wenders' 1976 road trip film Kings of the Road. The gunmaking company \"Herbert Schmidt Ostheim\" (also: \"HS - Herbert Schmidt Waffentechnik\") was based in Ostheim. It is also the home of German soft drink manufacturer Bionade. Ostheim's historic architecture, walkable town center and easy access to the biking and hiking trails of the Streu valley have helped make it a local center for tourism. Economy. Traffic. Ostheim is located on the Bundesstraße 285, the Bundesautobahn 71 is about ten kilometers away and accessible via the connection point Mellrichstadt. The railway station of the city, on the route Mellrichstadt-Fladungen of Streutalbahn is operated only seasonally in the museum traffic. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"The Marschalk reaction in chemistry is the sodium dithionite promoted reaction of a phenolic anthraquinone with an aldehyde to yield a substituted phenolic anthraquinone after the addition of acid. The mechanism can be found in the book \"Named Reactions in Organic Chemistry\", and its more intuitive version is provided below:\nOne of the first applications of this reaction was reported in 1985. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 72edfecb-92c2-491b-be30-3518bf92166e | In what city was Esau Tjiuoro born? | Esau Tjiuoro | [
"Okakarara"
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"Namibian footballer\nEsau Tjiuoro (born 26 May 1982 in Okakarara, Otjozondjupa Region) is a Namibian former Goalkeeper (association football)|football (soccer) goalkeeper]] with F.C. Civics Windhoek and the Namibia national football team. Career. Tjiuoro has played in the Namibia Premier League since 2000. Prior to joining Civics, he played with Ramblers F.C. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Older son of Isaac in the Hebrew Bible\nEsau is the elder son of Isaac in the Hebrew Bible. He is mentioned in the Book of Genesis and by the prophets Obadiah and Malachi. The Christian New Testament alludes to him in the Epistle to the Romans and in the Epistle to the Hebrews. According to the Hebrew Bible, Esau is the progenitor of the Edomites and the elder brother of Jacob, the patriarch of the Israelites. Jacob and Esau were the sons of Isaac and Rebecca, and the grandsons of Abraham and Sarah. Of the twins, Esau was the first to be born with Jacob following, holding his heel. Isaac was sixty years old when the boys were born. Esau, a \"man of the field\", became a hunter who had \"rough\" qualities that distinguished him from his twin brother. Among these qualities were his redness and noticeable hairiness. Jacob was a plain or simple man, depending on the translation of the Hebrew word \"tam\" (which also means \"relatively perfect man\"). Jacob's color was not mentioned. Throughout Genesis, Esau is frequently shown as being supplanted by his younger twin, Jacob (Israel). According to the Muslim tradition, the prophet Yaqub, or Israel, was the favorite of his mother, and his twin brother \"Esau\" was the favorite of his father, prophet Ishaq, and he is mentioned in the \"Story of Ya'qub\" in Qisas al-Anbiya. In Genesis. Birth.",
"Genesis 25:25 narrates Esau's birth, \"Now the first came forth red, all over like a hairy garment; and they named him Esau.\" The meaning of the word \"esau\" itself is not entirely certain. Others have noted the similarity to . The name \"Edom\" () is also attributed to Esau, meaning \"red\"; the same color is used to describe the color of his hair. Genesis parallels his redness to the \"red lentil pottage\" that he sold his birthright for. Esau became the progenitor of the Edomites in Mount Seir. Birthright. In Genesis, Esau returned to his twin brother Jacob, famished from the fields. He begs Jacob to give him some \"red pottage\" (a play on his nickname, \"Edom\".) This refers to his red hair. Jacob offers Esau a bowl of lentil stew () in exchange for Esau's birthright (), the right to be recognized as firstborn son with authority over the family), and Esau agrees. Thus Jacob acquires Esau's birthright. This is the origin of the English phrase \"to sell one's birthright for a mess of pottage\". In , Jacob uses deception, motivated by his mother Rebekah, to lay claim to his blind father Isaac's blessing that was inherently due to the firstborn, Esau. In , Rebekah is listening while Isaac speaks to his son Esau.",
"When Esau goes to the field to hunt for venison to bring home, Rebekah says to her son Jacob, \"Behold, I heard thy father speak to thy brother Esau, saying: 'Bring me venison and prepare a savory food, that I may eat, and bless thee before the Lord before my death.'\" Rebekah then instructs Jacob in an elaborate deception through which Jacob pretends to be Esau, in order to steal from Esau his blessing from Isaac and his inheritance—which in theory Esau had already agreed to give to Jacob. Jacob follows through with the plan to steal his brother's birthright by bringing the meal his father Isaac requested and pretending to be Esau. Jacob pulled off his disguise by covering himself in hairy kid goat skin so that when his blind father went to touch him, his smooth skin did not give him away as an imposter of his hairy brother. Jacob successfully received his father Isaac's blessing. As a result, Jacob became the spiritual leader of the family after Isaac's death and the heir of the promises of Abraham (). When Esau learns of his brother's thievery, he is livid and begs his father to undo the blessing. Isaac responds to his eldest son's plea by saying that he only had one blessing to give and that he could not reverse the sacred blessing. Esau is furious and vows to kill Jacob (). Once again Rebekah intervenes to save her younger son from being murdered by his elder twin brother, Esau.",
"Therefore, at Rebekah's urging, Jacob flees to a distant land, Paddan-aram (towards Harran) to work for his uncle Laban (). Jacob does not immediately receive his father's inheritance after the impersonation aimed at taking it from Esau. Having fled for his life, Jacob has left the wealth of Isaac's flocks, land and tents in Esau's hands. Jacob is forced to sleep out on the open ground and then work for wages as a servant in Laban's household. Jacob, who had deceived and cheated his brother, is in turn deceived and cheated by his uncle. Jacob asks to marry Laban's daughter Rachel, whom he has met at the well, and Laban agrees, if Jacob will give him seven years of service. Jacob does so, but after the wedding finds that beneath the veil is not Rachel but Leah, Laban's elder daughter. He agrees to work another seven years and Jacob and Rachel are finally wed. However, despite Laban, Jacob eventually becomes so rich as to incite the envy of Laban and Laban's sons. tells of Jacob's and Esau's eventual reconciliation. Jacob sends multiple waves of gifts to Esau as they approach each other, hoping that Esau will spare his life. Esau refuses the gifts, as he is now very wealthy and does not need them. Jacob bows down before Esau and insists on his receiving the gifts. Esau shows forgiveness in spite of this bitter conflict."
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"doc_chunk": "Namibian footballer\nEsau Tjiuoro (born 26 May 1982 in Okakarara, Otjozondjupa Region) is a Namibian former Goalkeeper (association football)|football (soccer) goalkeeper]] with F.C. Civics Windhoek and the Namibia national football team. Career. Tjiuoro has played in the Namibia Premier League since 2000. Prior to joining Civics, he played with Ramblers F.C. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | d8d37b09-40c9-49ba-8247-dad5bfd8a472 | In what city was Leena Peisa born? | Leena Peisa | [
"Vantaa",
"Vanda",
"Helsingin maalaiskunta",
"Helsinge kommun",
"Helsinge",
"Helsingin pitäjä"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5229169 | 1 | {
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"Finnish keyboardist\nLeena Maria \"Awa\" Peisa (born 16 March 1979) is a Finnish keyboard player. Her former bands include Lordi, Punaiset Messiaat and Dolchamar. Currently, she plays in Lordi's ex-drummer's Kita's band \"Sampsa Astala & Qma\". Biography. Leena Maria Peisa was born in Vantaa although she spent her teenage years in Porvoo. She has been playing the piano since she was six years old. She took to playing the synthesizer in her teens. Her first band was Punaiset Messiaat which she joined in autumn 1994. While in Punaiset Messiaat she used the stage name \"Lende Mielihyvä\". Mielihyvä is the Finnish word for pleasure. After Punaiset Messiaat disbanded in 1998, Peisa concentrated on her education and studied Social Studies at the University of Helsinki. In 2003, she joined the Esperanto band Dolchamar, and in 2005 was invited to join Lordi by drummer Kita to replace the keyboardist Enary. In Lordi, she takes on the persona of an unearthly vampire countess. The name \"Awa\" comes from \"Be Aware\". On the band's website she is said to have many other names. Some Greek television channels claim to have videos and photos of the band without stage make-up. On 25 July it was announced through the band's website that she is leaving the band after their concert on 11 August 2012.",
"In February 2018, Leena joined the Finnish rock band Dingo, replacing former keyboardist Pete Nuotio. Discography. With Punaiset Messiaat. EPs. \"Punainen Iktivisto\" (1992)\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Leena is a feminine given name. It is a variant spelling of Lina and Lena. It is a direct Quranic Arabic name, meaning \"young palm tree\", or figuratively \"tender, young, delicate\". In Persian, it means \"light\", \"a ray of sunlight\" or \"beautiful girl\". In Kurdish, it means cascade falls (تئاڤگەی بچوک). Notable people with the name include:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Afghan actress (born 01/11/1980)\nLeena Alam (Persian: ; /1980) is an Afghan film, television, and theater actress. She has appeared in films such as \"Kabuli Kid\", \"Black Kite\", \"Loori\", \"A Letter to the President\" and \"Hassan\". She is widely known to have worked on film and TV that speak of child marriage, gender inequality, women's rights and social conflicts. She has also been known as \"Shereen of Afghanistan\" () after playing in the taboo-smashing feminist television drama, \"Shereen\" (), the first of its kind to have been made in Afghanistan, directed by Ghafar Azad and produced by Kaboora and Tolo TV. Shereen was nominated for Best Mini-Series Drama alongside \"The Night Manager\", \"Mr. Robot\" and \"Deutschland 83\" and Leena Alam was nominated for Best Actress at the Seoul International Drama Awards 2016. In 1991, Alam and her family moved to the United States of America because of the civil war in her homeland. She began her acting and cinema career in 1998. In 2021 she was named as one of the BBC's 100 Women. Film and modeling career. Alam was born in 1980 in Kabul, Afghanistan. At the start of her career, Alam modeled and took part in dance competitions. In 1994 she participated in Mr and Miss San Francisco India Pageant organized by Rennu Dhillon, where she captivated the audience with one and half-minute Dance performance and was awarded the Best Talent winner.",
"Her first movie was \"Promise of Love\", produced by Tarin Films. But it was \"In Foreign Land\" directed by Hafiz Asefi which was released first in 1998. In the film, \"In Foreign Land\" she played an Indian girl who had come to the United States to study but was devoted to her traditions and values. It was during the casting for this movie that Alam met Salaam Sangi, who would become her mentor. In \"Loori\", by Saeed Orokzai, she played a traumatized Afghan girl with a brain injury who had forgotten her past. Alam has called this film—written specifically for her by Hamid Naweed, a poet, writer, and painter — one of her favorites. In 2007, Alam returned to Kabul and appeared with Hadji Gul in \"Kabuli Kid\", a French-Afghan drama produced by Fidélité Films directed by Barmak Akram. In 2013, she was in \"Soil and Coral\" an Iranian-Afghan film, produced by Parween Hussaini and directed by Masoud Atyabi. Also in 2013, she played one of the lead roles in the second season of the popular TV serial \"Our Street\", directed by Mirwais Rekab. In 2014, she was in \"Darya's Message\" produced by Axobarax Films (directed by Homayoun Karimpour) and \"Black Kite\" by Tarique Qayumi. The film was made quickly in Afghanistan changing location frequently to avoid the Taliban recognising that a filming was in progress."
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"doc_chunk": "Finnish keyboardist\nLeena Maria \"Awa\" Peisa (born 16 March 1979) is a Finnish keyboard player. Her former bands include Lordi, Punaiset Messiaat and Dolchamar. Currently, she plays in Lordi's ex-drummer's Kita's band \"Sampsa Astala & Qma\". Biography. Leena Maria Peisa was born in Vantaa although she spent her teenage years in Porvoo. She has been playing the piano since she was six years old. She took to playing the synthesizer in her teens. Her first band was Punaiset Messiaat which she joined in autumn 1994. While in Punaiset Messiaat she used the stage name \"Lende Mielihyvä\". Mielihyvä is the Finnish word for pleasure. After Punaiset Messiaat disbanded in 1998, Peisa concentrated on her education and studied Social Studies at the University of Helsinki. In 2003, she joined the Esperanto band Dolchamar, and in 2005 was invited to join Lordi by drummer Kita to replace the keyboardist Enary. In Lordi, she takes on the persona of an unearthly vampire countess. The name \"Awa\" comes from \"Be Aware\". On the band's website she is said to have many other names. Some Greek television channels claim to have videos and photos of the band without stage make-up. On 25 July it was announced through the band's website that she is leaving the band after their concert on 11 August 2012.",
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popqa | 207979bf-794c-4dd8-ba5d-62c6d0d82a82 | In what city was Robert Creamer born? | Robert Creamer | [
"Bronxville"
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"American sportswriter (1922–2012)\nRobert Watts Creamer (July 14, 1922 – July 18, 2012) was an American sportswriter and editor. He spent most of his career at \"Sports Illustrated\". Early life and education. Creamer was born on July 14, 1922, in Bronxville, New York and grew up in Tuckahoe, New York. He attended Fordham and Syracuse Universities but never graduated. During World War II, he fought in Germany and was wounded. During Operation \"Bodenplatte\", the German Luftwaffe's last offensive operation, Creamer was on the ground watching the aerial combat around him. A German Bf 109 fighter roared in to make a strafing run on Creamer's position. Creamer ducked behind a mound of dirt, then pulled out his .45 pistol and fired at the German plane. Creamer described it as trying \"to hit a fly with a BB gun.\" Following his discharge, he worked in advertising as a copywriter and at \"Collier's Encyclopedia\" as an assistant editor. Career. Creamer was one of the first hired on the staff of \"Sports Illustrated\" in 1954. He served the magazine as a senior editor from inception to 1984, and wrote the weekly Scorecard section of the magazine. He also wrote for \"The New York Times\". As an author, Creamer wrote what many consider the definitive biography of Babe Ruth, titled \"Babe: The Legend Comes to Life\", in 1974.",
"Reviewing the book for \"The New York Times Book Review\", Roger Angell wrote that Ruth had \"at last found the biographer he deserves in Robert Creamer.\" Creamer wrote seven other baseball related books, including a biography on Casey Stengel titled \"Stengel: His Life and Times\" in 1984. Additionally, he co-wrote several autobiographies and books, notably with Ralph Houk, sportscaster Red Barber and umpire Jocko Conlan. He also wrote \"Baseball in '41: A Celebration of the \"Best Baseball Season Ever\"\" (1991). Creamer's lone novel, \"A Resemblance to Persons Living and Dead\", is loosely based on politics, personages, and the environs of Tuckahoe and the town of Eastchester, New York. In retirement, Creamer occasionally wrote retrospective articles for \"SI\" and could be seen on television commenting on historical moments in sports, many of which he had covered. Creamer was a recipient of the 2012 Henry Chadwick Award from the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR). He also appeared in Ken Burns' documentary \"Baseball\" and numerous other television baseball programs, including \"When It Was a Game\". Personal life and death. Creamer was married to Margaret Schelz for 53 years, from 1948 until her death in 2001. The couple had five children together: sons James, Tom, John and Robert and his daughter, Ellen. Creamer died of prostate cancer on July 18, 2012, in Saratoga Springs, New York.",
"He was survived by his companion Barbara Eaton (died 2019) and his five children, as well as six grandchildren. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Creamer may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American political consultant\nRobert Creamer is an American political consultant, community organizer, and author. He is the husband of congresswoman Jan Schakowsky, the Representative for Illinois's 9th congressional district. His firm, Democracy Partners, works with progressive electoral and issue campaigns and has 34 partners located throughout the United States. Creamer has been a progressive strategist and political organizer for over 50 years, beginning during the Civil Rights and anti Vietnam War movements of the 1960s. He worked as an organizer with Saul Alinsky's last major project in Chicago. Later he founded and then led Illinois's largest coalition of progressive organizations and unions for twenty-three years. Creamer became a political consultant in 1997, and served as a consultant to the Democratic National Committee during the 2008, 2012, and 2016 Presidential election campaigns. In 2005, Creamer was one of the architects and organizers of the successful campaign to defeat the privatization of Social Security. He has also been a consultant to the campaigns to end the war in Iraq, increase the minimum wage, and pass progressive budget priorities, pass and defend the Affordable Care Act, oppose right wing judicial nominees, and pass comprehensive immigration reform. Early life and education. Creamer was born in 1947. He graduated from Duke University in 1969, writing his thesis, \"Duke Employees Local 77: Confrontation over Impartial Arbitration of Grievances\", about the AFSCME Local 77 union. He later did graduate work in Ethics and Society at the University of Chicago. During his high school years, Creamer lived in Shreveport, Louisiana where he became involved in the civil rights movement."
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"doc_chunk": "American sportswriter (1922–2012)\nRobert Watts Creamer (July 14, 1922 – July 18, 2012) was an American sportswriter and editor. He spent most of his career at \"Sports Illustrated\". Early life and education. Creamer was born on July 14, 1922, in Bronxville, New York and grew up in Tuckahoe, New York. He attended Fordham and Syracuse Universities but never graduated. During World War II, he fought in Germany and was wounded. During Operation \"Bodenplatte\", the German Luftwaffe's last offensive operation, Creamer was on the ground watching the aerial combat around him. A German Bf 109 fighter roared in to make a strafing run on Creamer's position. Creamer ducked behind a mound of dirt, then pulled out his .45 pistol and fired at the German plane. Creamer described it as trying \"to hit a fly with a BB gun.\" Following his discharge, he worked in advertising as a copywriter and at \"Collier's Encyclopedia\" as an assistant editor. Career. Creamer was one of the first hired on the staff of \"Sports Illustrated\" in 1954. He served the magazine as a senior editor from inception to 1984, and wrote the weekly Scorecard section of the magazine. He also wrote for \"The New York Times\". As an author, Creamer wrote what many consider the definitive biography of Babe Ruth, titled \"Babe: The Legend Comes to Life\", in 1974.",
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popqa | 953e79d9-74d3-4617-9d28-af3cdc2bbb4f | In what city was Lois Bancroft Long born? | Lois Long | [
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"Lois Bancroft Long (December 15, 1901 – July 29, 1974) was an American writer for \"The New Yorker\" during the 1920s. She was known under the pseudonym \"Lipstick\" and as the epitome of a flapper. She was born on December 15, 1901, in Stamford, Connecticut, the oldest of three children of Frances Bancroft and William J. Long. She graduated from Vassar College. Long had worked at \"Vogue\" and \"Vanity Fair\" before finding fame at \"The New Yorker\". Harold Ross hired her to write a column on New York nightlife. Under the name of Lipstick, Lois Long chronicled her nightly escapades of drinking, dining, and dancing. She wrote of the decadence of the decade with an air of aplomb, wit, and satire, becoming quite a celebrity. Because her readers did not know who she was, Long often jested in her columns about being a \"short squat maiden of forty\" or a \"kindly, old, bearded gentleman.\" However, in the announcement of her marriage to \"The New Yorker\" cartoonist Peter Arno, she revealed her true identity. She remained with \"The New Yorker\" as a columnist until 1968. She died in 1974. Biography. School years. Lois graduated from Stamford High School and entered Vassar College in 1918. Already displaying a drive for literary excellence and exploration, she graduated from Vassar in 1922 with a degree in English.",
"In college, she began growing herself a modest reputation as a journalist, writing a review of \"Vassar Dramatics\" to the \"Poughkeepsie Courier\" in June of her senior year as well as participating as an editor in 1922's \"Vassarian\". In addition to making herself known through the school's written publications, Long occasionally participated in the institution's theatre program. Personal life. In 1927, cartoonist Peter Arno and Lois Long got married. The marriage lasted four years, then in 1930 Long filed for divorce. The divorce was granted and the two shared custody of their daughter, Patricia. Career. As soon as she graduated from college, Long moved to New York and began making a name for herself. She started at \"Vogue\" and then went to \"Vanity Fair\", but Long found her niche—and fame—when Harold Ross hired her for his new magazine, \"The New Yorker\", a sophisticated humor magazine designed to appeal to New York City's elite. Even with that target audience, it (like most new publications) struggled financially in its early days; by May 1925, the astute Ross—looking for ways to increase readership—realized that Long was just the sort of writer who would. In the changing world of the 1920s, any truly modern magazine needed to appeal to both men and women, and the flapper—high-spirited, beautiful, independent, sexually open—did just that. At 23, Long was paid to review the speakeasies of New York.",
"Her witty, satirical column was called \"When Nights are Bold,\" the title of which changed to \"Tables for Two\" with the issue for September 12, 1925 and ran until June 6, 1931. In addition to her observations on the patrons of speakeasies, it also included criticism of public officials, such as Manhattan District Attorney Emory R. Buckner, who conducted raids on speakeasies. As the archetypal flapper, Long's columns offered women a glimpse of a glamorous lifestyle where they could enjoy many of the same freedoms and vices as men. This new liberty was prompted by women gaining the right to vote in the United States in 1920 as well as the ways in which they defied the Victorian and Edwardian roles proscribed for women. Her comment \"I like music, and informality, and gaiety\" is the epitome of the flapper mindset and what some critics felt were the sexual and moral failings of flappers in the Roaring Twenties. Different though they were, she and Ross managed to work together—and knew when, and how, to accommodate the other. Zeitz notes that Long's cubicle was originally on the other side of the building from her assistant, and after growing tired of running back and forth to exchange information, they made the trip on roller skates. In time, Ross grew exasperated and gave them offices next to one another to spare himself and the other journalists such antics.",
"Throughout her career, Long's work appeared in numerous formats, and in 1928, she was recruited by the editor and screenwriter, Gene Fowler, to contribute, along with Ben Hecht, Ring Lardner, Westbrook Pegler, and Walter Winchell, to \"The New York Morning Telegraph\", and in 1936 Long was, for a short time, under contract to Paramount Pictures. She was considered the expert on New York's nightlife. Upon her death, William Shawn, editor of \"The New Yorker\" said that \"Lois Long invented fashion criticism,\" adding that she \"was the first American fashion critic to approach fashion as an art and to criticize women's clothes with independence, intelligence, humor and literary style.\" Later life. Long married US Air Force Major Harold A. Fox in 1957. Long died of lung cancer aged 72 and is buried in Easton Cemetery, Pennsylvania. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American mycologist\nLois Long (1918 – 2005) was an American amateur mycologist, best known for her illustrations and textile designs featuring mushrooms and other forms of nature. Biography. Long's passion for mushrooms and the science of mycology began when she moved to Rockland County, New York in the 1950s, and a friend introduced her to John Cage, the noted composer poet, artist and avid amateur mycologist. Together they began by exploring the fungi at the New York Botanical Gardens, and meeting with another amateur mycologist Guy Nearing. Eventually, Cage and Nearing helped establish the New York Mycological Society with Long as one of the original 26 founding members. Works. Long's works of art have been sold at auction; her first auctioned piece was sold by Christie's New York in 2009. Her work has also been featured in publications including \"The Guardian and\" ArtDaily (February 2020) describing an exhibition at Somerset House in London, exploring \"the fascinating world of mushrooms.\" The two books that are most-often cited as examples of her work are two limited edition books (\"Mushroom Book\" and \"Mud Book\"), authored by Cage and co-authored by Long and featuring her illustrations. Today, the books can be found in major museums, libraries and private collections, including the British Museum in London and MOMA in New York. One exhibitor's review of the \"Mud Book\" describes it favorably, saying, \"The edition is an outstanding example of silkscreen printing."
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"doc_chunk": "Lois Bancroft Long (December 15, 1901 – July 29, 1974) was an American writer for \"The New Yorker\" during the 1920s. She was known under the pseudonym \"Lipstick\" and as the epitome of a flapper. She was born on December 15, 1901, in Stamford, Connecticut, the oldest of three children of Frances Bancroft and William J. Long. She graduated from Vassar College. Long had worked at \"Vogue\" and \"Vanity Fair\" before finding fame at \"The New Yorker\". Harold Ross hired her to write a column on New York nightlife. Under the name of Lipstick, Lois Long chronicled her nightly escapades of drinking, dining, and dancing. She wrote of the decadence of the decade with an air of aplomb, wit, and satire, becoming quite a celebrity. Because her readers did not know who she was, Long often jested in her columns about being a \"short squat maiden of forty\" or a \"kindly, old, bearded gentleman.\" However, in the announcement of her marriage to \"The New Yorker\" cartoonist Peter Arno, she revealed her true identity. She remained with \"The New Yorker\" as a columnist until 1968. She died in 1974. Biography. School years. Lois graduated from Stamford High School and entered Vassar College in 1918. Already displaying a drive for literary excellence and exploration, she graduated from Vassar in 1922 with a degree in English.",
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popqa | 6cd73223-c7b3-47a3-8e4f-5555e99022f3 | In what city was Manon born? | Manon (artist) | [
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"Manon (born Rosmarie Küng in 1940) is a Swiss artist. She produces installations, performances and photography. She first came to prominence in the 1974 with the installation \"The Salmon coloured boudoir\". Her environments and photographic scenes are distillations of social change in the 1970s, sexual liberation, and the search for new roles. In photographic series such as \"Woman with shaved head\" and \"Ball of lonelinesses\" she addresses among other things the social construction of identity. She has been awarded several prizes, including the 2008 Meret Oppenheim Prize. Biography. Manon was born in Bern, Switzerland. In 1972 she opened her boutique, \"Manon’s\", in the old part of Zürich where she sold her own creations: jackets made from glitter fabric with appliqués. She posed in self designed interiors as a model for fashion magazines. In 1973 and 1974 Manon experimented for the first time in photography, creating Polaroids, and 'Fetischbilder' (Fetish Pictures). She was submerged in Zürich's subculture during this time, meeting the artists Sigmar Polke, Jürgen Klauke, Luciano Castelli, Markus Raetz, Walter Pfeiffer, and Esther Altdorfer, filmmaker Daniel Schmid, and musician Stefan Wittwer.",
"Her 1974 meticulously furnished bedroom in a loft on Augustinergasse in Zürich presents a little universe filled with fetish objects, feathers, and glittery materials, and would become the starting point for her first installation 'Das lachsfarbene Boudoir' (The salmon coloured boudoir) at the art gallery Li Tobler. It was reconstructed in 2006 and thereafter shown at the Migros Museum für Gegenwartskunst, at the Helmhaus in 2008 and the Swiss Institute for Contemporary Art in New York City in 2009. A monograph on her work and career was published in 2008. Titled \"Manon, A Person: A Swiss Pioneer of Body and Performance Art\", the book covers the range of her work from the 1970s onward. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Opera by Jules Massenet\nManon () is an \"opéra comique\" in five acts by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Henri Meilhac and Philippe Gille, based on the 1731 novel \"L'histoire du chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut\" by the Abbé Prévost. It was first performed at the Opéra-Comique in Paris on 19 January 1884, with sets designed by Eugène Carpezat (act 1), Auguste Alfred Rubé and Philippe Chaperon (acts 2 and 3), and Jean-Baptiste Lavastre (act 4). Prior to Massenet's work, Halévy (\"Manon Lescaut\", ballet, 1830) and Auber (\"Manon Lescaut\", opéra comique, 1856) had used the subject for musical stage works. Massenet also wrote a one-act sequel to \"Manon\", \"Le portrait de Manon\" (1894), involving the Chevalier des Grieux as an older man. The composer worked at the score of \"Manon\" at his country home outside Paris and also at a house at The Hague once occupied by Prévost himself. \"Manon\" is Massenet's most popular and enduring opera and, having \"quickly conquered the world's stages\", it has maintained an important place in the repertory since its creation. It is the quintessential example of the charm and vitality of the music and culture of the Parisian Belle Époque.",
"In 1893 an opera by Giacomo Puccini entitled \"Manon Lescaut\", and based on the same novel was premiered and has also become popular. Performance history. The opera was a mainstay of the Opéra-Comique in Paris, reaching its 1,000th performance there in 1919, its 1,500th in 1931 and 2,000th in 1952. The first Manon was Marie Heilbron; other noted interpreters include Sibyl Sanderson (Massenet's personal favorite), Fanny Heldy, Lucrezia Bori, Amelita Galli-Curci, Bidu Sayão, Victoria de los Ángeles, Anna Moffo, Beverly Sills, Edita Gruberová, Renée Fleming, Anna Netrebko, and Natalie Dessay. Due to its heavy vocal demands, the role of Manon was described by Sills as \"the French Isolde\". As famous interpreters of Des Grieux, Kobbé lists Edmond Clément, Enrico Caruso, Beniamino Gigli, Tito Schipa and Ferruccio Tagliavini; Wolff also lists Gaston Micheletti, Adolphe Maréchal, Charles Fontaine and Libero de Luca. Within a year of its Paris premiere, \"Manon\" was given its UK premiere in January 1885, in Liverpool; in the US, the Academy of Music in New York presented the opera later the same year, on 23 December. At the Royal Opera House in London it was first presented 19 May 1891.",
"The Metropolitan Opera gave its first staging on 16 January 1895, and \"Manon\" has subsequently often been performed there. Anna Netrebko starred in a new production directed by Laurent Pelly, a co-production with the Royal Opera House, which was simulcast in HD on 7 April 2012. The San Francisco Opera gave the opera many stagings beginning on 29 September 1924. In the 1980s a piano score was discovered where spoken dialogue was set as recitative by Massenet, possibly for the Italian premiere; this version was performed at the Opéra de Saint-Etienne as part of the 2009 Massenet Festival. Today, \"Manon\" is frequently performed. The ballet \"L'histoire de Manon\" by Kenneth MacMillan, although using music entirely written by Massenet, does not include any from \"Manon\". Place: France\nTime: the reign of Louis XV\nSynopsis. Act 1. \"The courtyard of an inn at Amiens\"\nDe Brétigny, a nobleman, has just arrived, in the company of Guillot, an aging rake who is the Minister of Finance, along with three flirtatious young actresses. While the innkeeper is serving dinner to the party, the townspeople collect to witness the arrival of the coach from Arras. Among them is Lescaut, a guardsman, who tells his comrades that he plans to meet a kinswoman."
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popqa | 733af1a2-47fa-4821-906d-1d4976ca4a29 | In what city was Dilson Torres born? | Dilson Torres | [
"Maracay"
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"Venezuelan baseball player (born 1970)\nDilson Darío Torres (born May 31, 1970) is a former Venezuelan pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Kansas City Royals in their 1995 season. Listed at 6' 3\", 200 lb., Torres batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Maracay, Aragua.",
"Dilson can be a given name or a surname. Notable people with this name include:\nSurname. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"American actor\nJohn Dilson (February 18, 1891 – June 1, 1944) was an American film actor. He appeared in more than 250 films between 1934 and 1944. Selected filmography. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Colombian baseball player (born 1994)\nDilson José Herrera García (born March 3, 1994) is a Colombian professional baseball second baseman for El Águila de Veracruz of the Mexican League. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Mets, Cincinnati Reds, and Baltimore Orioles. Career. Pittsburgh Pirates. Herrera signed with the Pittsburgh Pirates as an international free agent in 2010. He received a $220,000 signing bonus. He then spent the next three years in the Pirates' farm system, advancing as far as the A-class West Virginia Power. Herrera, along with Gregory Polanco, represented the Pirates at the 2013 All-Star Futures Game. New York Mets. On August 27, 2013, the Pirates traded Herrera and a player to be named later, Vic Black, to the New York Mets to acquire Marlon Byrd and John Buck. His first season in the Mets organization was a success as he was promoted to Double A during the season. 2014. On August 28, after an injury to All-Star second baseman Daniel Murphy, Herrera was called up to the majors. He became the first Met ever to start the season in A ball and get to the majors by the end of the season. Two days later, he collected his first major league hit off of the Phillies' Jerome Williams. He received his first RBI in the following game against Justin De Fratus. On September 1, Herrera hit his first Major League home run, off of Miami Marlins pitcher Henderson Álvarez.",
"Herrera finished the season with appearing in 18 games with a batting average of .220 in 59 at-bats in 66 plate appearances while compiling 13 hits, 11 RBIs, 3 home runs, 7 walks, 6 runs scored and striking out 17 times. 2015. On May 1, Herrera was called up to the Mets as left-handed pitcher Jack Leathersich was sent down to the Las Vegas 51s. Herrera was called up to play second base with Daniel Murphy being moved to third base to stand-in for then-injured third basemen David Wright who was on the disabled list with spinal stenosis. Herrera was placed on the DL on May 15 due to a fractured tip of his middle finger. On June 11, he was reactivated off from the DL. On June 30, Herrera was sent down to the 51s to make room for Daniel Murphy who was coming off the DL. On September 7, he was recalled up due to the expanded rosters in September. Herrera finished the season appearing in 31 games with a batting average of .211 in 90 at-bats in 103 plate appearances while compiling 19 hits, 6 RBIs, 3 home runs, 11 walks, 7 runs scored, 2 stolen bases, and striking out 23 times. During the season on June 14, Herrera was seen wearing rally cups with the bottom of the cups cut out on his ears during the bottom half of the sixth inning."
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"doc_chunk": "Venezuelan baseball player (born 1970)\nDilson Darío Torres (born May 31, 1970) is a former Venezuelan pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Kansas City Royals in their 1995 season. Listed at 6' 3\", 200 lb., Torres batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Maracay, Aragua.",
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popqa | 5fdf835f-2e30-4e74-af74-ebc8f9058280 | In what city was Vera Dua born? | Vera Dua | [
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"Belgian politician (born 1952)\nVera Agnes Roger Dua (Ghent, 25 October 1952) was the Party Chair of the Flemish green party Groen! between 2003 and 2007. She graduated in 1975 as agricultural engineer and attained a PhD in agricultural science 11 years later. She has been a member of Agalev since 1984 and appeared in the local assembly of Ghent in 1989. Two years later she was elected to the Belgian Chamber. In 1995 she switched to the Flemish Parliament. After a few years of fierce opposition she became the minister of agriculture and environment. As minister she focused on expanding nature reserves and protecting people's health. After her party suffered a heavy blow in the 2003 federal election she resigned as minister. On 15 November 2003 Agalev changed its name to Groen! and Vera Dua was elected chairman. In 2007 Mieke Vogels was elected as her successor. She was elected as a member of the Belgian Senate in 2007. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Islamic prayer of invocation, supplication or request\nIn Islam, ( , plural: \"\" ) is a prayer of invocation, supplication or request, asking help or assistance from God. Duʿāʾ is an integral aspect of Islamic worship and spirituality, serving as a direct line of communication between a believer and Allah. Unlike the formal five daily prayers (Salah) which have specific timings and rituals, duʿāʾ is more flexible and can be made at any time and in any place. Through duʿāʾ, Muslims affirm their dependence on Allah and their trust in His wisdom and mercy. Role in Islam. Muslims regard this as a profound act of worship. Muhammad is reported to have said, \"Dua is itself a worship.\" There is a special emphasis on du'a in Muslim spirituality and early Muslims took great care to record the supplications of Muhammad and his family and transmit them to subsequent generations. These traditions precipitated new genres of literature in which prophetic supplications were gathered together in single volumes that were memorized and taught. Collections such as al-Nawawi's \"Kitab al-Adhkar\" and Shams al-Din al-Jazari's \"al-Hisn al-Hasin\" exemplify this literary trend and gained significant currency among Muslim devotees keen to learn how Muhammad supplicated to God.",
"Du'a literature is not restricted to prophetic supplications; many later Muslim scholars and sages composed their own supplications, often in elaborate rhymes that would be recited by their disciples. Popular du'as would include Muhammad al-Jazuli's \"Dala'il al-Khayrat\", which at its peak spread throughout the Muslim world, and Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili's \"Hizb al-Bahr\" which also had widespread appeal. Du'a literature reaches its most lyrical form in the \"Munajat\", or 'whispered intimate prayers' such as those of Ibn Ata Allah. Among the Shia schools, the \"Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya\" records du'as attributed to Ali and his grandson, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />Anas reported that Allah's Messenger visited a person from amongst the Muslims in order to inquire (about his health) who had grown feeble like the chicken. Allah's Messenger said: Did you supplicate for anything or beg of Him about that? He said: Yes. I used to utter (these words): Impose punishment upon me earlier in this world, what Thou art going to impose upon me in the Hereafter.",
"Thereupon Allah's Messenger said: Hallowed be Allah, you have neither the power nor forbearance to take upon yourself (the burden of His Punishment). Why did you not say this: O Allah, grant us good in the world and good in the Hereafter, and save us from the torment of Fire. He (the Holy Prophet) made this supplication (for him) and he was all right. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />Narrated Anas:Allah's Apostle said,\" None of you should long for death because of a calamity that had befallen him, and if he cannot, but long for death, then he should say, 'O Allah! Let me live as long as life is better for me, and take my life if death is better for me.' \"\nTypes and categories. Dua is essentially an expression of submission of faith to God and of one's neediness. Type I: \"Du'ā al-mas'alah\" (دُعَاءُ الْمَسْأَلَة \"du'ā'u 'l-mas'alah\"), or the 'du'a of asking.' This type of du'a is when one asks for the fulfillment of a need, or that some harm be removed from him/her. An example would be when a person asks, \"O God! Grant me good in this world, and good in the next life!\"",
"Type II: \"Du'ā al-'ibadah\" (دُعَاءُ الْعِبَادَة \"du'ā'u 'l-'ibādah\"), or the 'du'a of worship.' This type of du'a includes every single act of worship. Examples would include when a Muslim prays or gives \"zakāt\" or fasts. Salat. The salat is the obligatory prayer recited five times a day, as described in the Quran: \"And establish regular prayers at the two ends of the day and at the approaches of the night: For those things, that are good remove those that are evil: Be that the word of remembrance to those who remember (their Lord):\"[Quran 11:114] Salat is generally read in the Arabic language; however Imam Abu Hanifah, for whom the Hanafi school is named after, proclaimed that prayer could be said in any language unconditionally. His two students who created the school: Abu Yusuf and Muhammad al-Shaybani, however, did not agree and believed that prayers could only be done in languages other than Arabic if the supplicant can not speak Arabic. Some traditions hold that Abu Hanifa later agreed with them and changed his decision; however there has never been any evidence of this. Hanbali theologian Ibn Taymiyah issued a \"fatwa\" proclaiming the same. Until the 1950s, Ismailis from India and Pakistan performed the prayer in the language of the local \"Jama'at Khana\". Common duas."
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"doc_chunk": "Belgian politician (born 1952)\nVera Agnes Roger Dua (Ghent, 25 October 1952) was the Party Chair of the Flemish green party Groen! between 2003 and 2007. She graduated in 1975 as agricultural engineer and attained a PhD in agricultural science 11 years later. She has been a member of Agalev since 1984 and appeared in the local assembly of Ghent in 1989. Two years later she was elected to the Belgian Chamber. In 1995 she switched to the Flemish Parliament. After a few years of fierce opposition she became the minister of agriculture and environment. As minister she focused on expanding nature reserves and protecting people's health. After her party suffered a heavy blow in the 2003 federal election she resigned as minister. On 15 November 2003 Agalev changed its name to Groen! and Vera Dua was elected chairman. In 2007 Mieke Vogels was elected as her successor. She was elected as a member of the Belgian Senate in 2007. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 55ad6a04-54a7-44f9-8264-fc33c730e5bb | In what city was John A. Shaud born? | John A. Shaud | [
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"United States Air Force general\nGeneral John Albert Shaud (born December 15, 1933) is a retired United States Air Force four-star general who served as Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (COFS SHAPE) from 1988 to 1991. Shaud was born in 1933 in Cleveland, Ohio, where he graduated from Cleveland Heights High School. He attended Lafayette College for a year prior to entering the United States Military Academy. Upon graduation from West Point in 1956, he received a Bachelor of Science degree and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Air Force. He received a Master of Science degree from The George Washington University in 1967 and a doctorate from Ohio State University in 1971. Shaud completed Squadron Officer School in 1962, Air Command and Staff College in 1967, and the National War College in 1974. He received pilot wings upon graduation from training in August 1957. In December 1957 he was assigned to the 358th Bombardment Squadron, Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, as a B-47 pilot. After completing B-52 combat crew training in May 1964, he was assigned to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, as an aircraft commander with the 17th Bombardment Wing. Upon graduation from Air Command and Staff College in June 1967, Shaud completed RF-4C qualification training and was assigned to the Southeast Asia theater of operations in January 1968. He served on the operations staff of the 388th Tactical Fighter Wing at Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand, and later became an RF-4C flight commander with the 12th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron at Tan Son Nhut Air Base, South Vietnam.",
"Shaud returned to the United States and attended Ohio State University, where he received his doctorate in June 1971. He then was assigned to Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, and served on the faculty of the Air Command and Staff College until entering the National War College in August 1973. After graduating in June 1974, the general was assigned to the 449th Bombardment Wing, Kincheloe Air Force Base, Michigan, as deputy commander for operations. In April 1975 he became vice commander of the wing. In January 1976 he was assigned to the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Plans and Operations, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C. During this tour of duty he served as chief, Strategic Division; deputy chief, Air Force Readiness Initiatives Group; and assistant deputy director for readiness development. In June 1978 Shaud assumed command of the 92nd Bombardment Wing (Heavy) and, later, of the 47th Air Division, both at Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington. Shaud transferred to Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota, in August 1980 as commander of the 57th Air Division. As part of his responsibility, he performed special missions as commander of the strategic projection force when directed by the commander in chief of Strategic Air Command. In October 1981 Shaud returned to Air Force headquarters, where he served as deputy director of plans and, later, director of plans in the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Plans and Operations. He remained at the Pentagon as deputy chief of staff for personnel from September 1985 to August 1986. He then became commander of Air Training Command with headquarters at Randolph Air Force Base, Texas.",
"The command is responsible for recruiting Air Force personnel and providing their military, technical and flying training. He became Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe in July 1988. A command pilot with more than 5,600 flying hours, Shaud has flown in more than 35 different types of aircraft, including the B-47, B-52, RF-4C, T-38 and C-21A, and has logged 251 combat hours in the RF-4C. His military decorations include the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster, Distinguished Flying Cross, Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, Air Medal with five oak leaf clusters, and Air Force Commendation Medal with oak leaf cluster. He was promoted to general July 1, 1988, with same date of rank and retired from the Air Force on June 30, 1991. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American actor\nEdward Grant Shaud III (born October 17, 1960) is an American actor best known for his portrayal of the character of Miles Silverberg on the television sitcom \"Murphy Brown\". He's also had notable roles in the films \"The Distinguished Gentleman\" and \"Antz\", among other voice performances in \"The Wild Thornberrys\", ' and '. Early life. Edward Grant Shaud III was born in Evanston, Illinois, the son of Anna Barbara (née Dougherty) and Edward Grant Shaud Jr. His family is Irish Catholic. He attended Conestoga High School in Berwyn, Pennsylvania, and graduated in 1979. In 1983, he graduated with a journalism degree from the University of Richmond, where he was a member of Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Career. In 1984, Shaud moved to New York City to begin working in theater. His first acting role in television was as a guest character named Jack on \"Kate & Allie\", who was a college student and director on a local cable channel. In 1988, he began as Miles Silverberg on \"Murphy Brown\". He lived with co-star Jane Leeves before and during her guest stint on the show, in which she concurrently played his girlfriend. He left in 1996 to pursue other projects, with his producer role on the show taken by Lily Tomlin. On February 26, 2018, it was announced that Shaud would return to a revival series of \"Murphy Brown\" with former co-stars Candice Bergen, Faith Ford and Joe Regalbuto.",
"In recent years, Shaud has done some voiceover work in animation, most notably the television series \"\". He had a guest role on \"The Drew Carey Show\" as a character named Jack, who believed himself to be the devil. He also played Alex Rosetti on the sitcom \"Madigan Men\", starring Gabriel Byrne. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 3046c000-30c5-45f5-81d6-0a835a1ff3d9 | In what city was Paris born? | Paris (rapper) | [
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"American rapper\nOscar Jackson Jr. (born October 29, 1967), better known by his stage name Paris, is an American rapper and record producer from San Francisco, California, known for his highly charged political and socially conscious lyrics. Influenced by the Black Panthers, he was once a member of the Nation of Islam. Biography. 1990s. Paris became known in the US in 1990 with the hit single \"The Devil Made Me Do It\" and album of the same name, after earning a bachelor's degree in economics from the University of California, Davis. Originally released on Tommy Boy Records, his first video was banned by MTV. When his second album, \"Sleeping with the Enemy\", was ready for release in 1992, Paris was dropped from now-defunct Tommy Boy Records (since rechristened Tommy Boy Entertainment in 2002) and distributor Warner Bros. Records, owned by Time Warner, when the parent company discovered its incendiary content, which included fantasy revenge killings of then-President Bush and racist police officers. Also problematic was the album's insert, which featured the artist waiting behind a tree, holding a TEC-9, as the president was waving to the crowd. Paris eventually released the LP himself on his newly formed Scarface Records. Also in 1992, Paris contributed to industrial music band Consolidated's 1992 album \"Play More Music\" with the track \"Guerrillas in the Mist.\" Paris signed a major artist and distribution deal with Priority Records for himself and Scarface Records in 1993 and released his third LP, \"Guerrilla Funk\", and several then up-and-coming groups, most notably The Conscious Daughters.",
"Paris and Priority formally severed their business relationship due to creative differences in 1995, and in 1997, Paris signed a one-off deal with now-defunct Whirling Records (distributed by Rykodisc) for the release of his fourth LP, \"Unleashed\", which was released in small numbers with little promotion. The album contained some very explicitly violent and racially charged verses, and while less overtly political as earlier efforts, the lyrics explicitly describe racial violence when confronted with the same. Also released in Europe with a different track list, the album featuring songs from 1994, 1996 and 1998, some of which were more in the style of his earlier releases. Becoming increasingly dissatisfied with the music industry, Paris retired from recording and worked as a stockbroker, cementing his personal wealth allowing him to independently finance the next stage of his musical endeavors. 2000s. In 2003, Paris returned with the album, \"Sonic Jihad\". The album continued his tradition of controversial cover art, evoking images of the September 11 attacks, it depicts a plane flying toward the White House. Its content is equally radical and covers many topics, including the war on terror, the war in Iraq, police brutality, black-on-black violence, conditions in inner-city communities, the Illuminati, and state-sponsored terrorism. Other politically minded hip hop artists were featured on the album, including Kam, dead prez, and Public Enemy.",
"\"Sonic Jihad\" was the catalyst for the creation of Paris' new label and web site, Guerrilla Funk Recordings, a home for projects and material of such notable acts as dead prez and Public Enemy. Paris' anti-war anthem \"What Would You Do?\" (from \"Sonic Jihad\") accuses \"the Bush Administration [of playing] a key role in orchestrating the terror attacks of September 11\", saying, \"\"Ain't no terror threat, unless approval rating's slumpin'. So I'ma say it for the record we the ones that planned it, ain't no other country took a part or had they hand in it\".\" The song is featured on the 2004 compilation album \"Peace Not War, Vol. 2\". On the 2003 Anybody Killa album \"Hatchet Warrior\", Paris appeared with Monoxide on a track entitled \"Ghetto Neighbor.\" In 2005, Paris completed a project with Public Enemy, \"Rebirth of a Nation\", the title both a reference to the 1915 film \"The Birth of a Nation\", controversial for its glorification of the Ku Klux Klan and its racist portrayal of African Americans, and PE's 1988 album \"It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back\". Although Chuck D was the primary vocal performer, Paris penned and produced the bulk of the album, which also featured N.W.A's MC Ren, Immortal Technique, Kam, dead prez, and The Conscious Daughters. In 2006, Paris also released \"Paris presents Hard Truth Soldiers, Vol.",
"1\", the first in a Paris-produced compilation series that touched on subjects ranging from war and police brutality to black-on-black crime and domestic violence. It showcased contributions from Public Enemy, the Coup, dead prez, Paris, T-K.A.S.H., Kam, The Conscious Daughters, Mystic, MC Ren, Sun Rise Above, and the Stop the Violence Movement (Mobb Deep, Tray Deee, Soopafly, KRS-One, Defari, Daz, J-Ro, RBX, Bad Azz, WC, Dilated Peoples, Mac Minister, The Alchemist, Mack 10, Evidence, Defari, Everlast, and B-Real), among others. In addition, Paris introduced the world to former Coup-member T-K.A.S.H. later that year, releasing his debut offering, \"Turf War Syndrome\", and handling production duties as well. In 2007, Paris released the follow-up companion piece to \"Rebirth of a Nation\", the Public Enemy collaboration \"Remix of a Nation\", and began laying the framework for the film division of Guerrilla Funk Recordings. Paris inked a distribution deal with Fontana/Universal for Guerrilla Funk (with movies through Vivendi) in late 2007, and released his next album, \"Acid Reflex\", featuring Chuck D and George Clinton, in 2008. In 2009, Paris released \"Paris Presents: Hard Truth Soldiers, Vol.",
"2\", the sophomore project from T-K.A.S.H., \"Brains All Over The Streets\", and the latest offering from The Conscious Daughters, \"The Nutcracker Suite\". Paris not only writes and produces songs, but also publishes information about ways to improve inner-city communities. Numerous articles can be found on various subjects in the Thought Box section of Guerrilla Funk's website. 2010s. In 2010, Paris was featured in the musical documentary, \"Sounds Like a Revolution\", and in 2011 was featured on the Insane Clown Posse's \"Featuring Freshness\" LP. He performed at that year's Gathering of the Juggalos, and later at the Amsterdam Hiphopfestival in Amsterdam. Paris' production and original material has been featured in various Hollywood offerings, including Morgan Freeman's HBO documentary \"Prom Night in Mississippi\" in 2009, \"End of Watch\", starring Jake Gyllenhaal and Michael Peña in 2012, and 2014's \"Kill the Messenger\", starring Jeremy Renner. In November 2014, he released a video single, \"Night of the Long Knives,\" which called for an increased unity in the black and brown communities and the adoption of the eye-for-an-eye philosophy toward racist police aggression and brutality in the wake of the tragedy in Ferguson, Missouri and other high-profile shooting deaths. In August 2015, Paris released his second video single, \"Buck, Buck, Pass,\" a commentary on gun violence, its often ignored racial implications and its after effects. His album \"Pistol Politics\" was released on September 11, 2015."
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popqa | 992e099f-cc53-4632-a7a2-823eafd333f2 | In what city was Martyn Liadov born? | Martyn Liadov | [
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"Moskva Federal City, Russia",
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"Muscovite",
"Moscovite"
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"Russian revolutionary and historian\nMartyn Nikolaevich Liadov, (Russian: Мартын Николаевичч Лядов) pseudonym of Martyn Nikolaevich Mandel’shtam (24 August 1872 – 6 January 1947), was a Bolshevik revolutionary activist and historian. Biography. Liadov was born in Moscow on 12 August Old Style 1872, the son of a prominent obstetrician and gynecologist, Nikolai Martynovich (Nokhim Mendelevich) Mandelstam. He was expelled from school at around the age of 12, and was sent by his parents to live with his wealthy uncle in Mitau (Jelgava), in modern-day Latvia, where he enrolled at a German language school. His parents both died while he was at school. In 1889, he was barred from graduating after taking part in protests against the forced russification of German schools. He joined the Russian army as a volunteer, and in 1891 he was transferred to the reserves as a junior officer, and returned to Moscow. Liadov was first drawn to the populist Narodnik movement in Moscow in 1891, but by 1893, he had been converted to Marxism by his brother, Grigori Mandelstam, who had returned to Moscow from Paris, and was involved in founding the Moscow Workers’ Union, the first Marxist organisation to have a following among factory workers in Moscow. He was arrested in 1892, and spent a short time in prison.",
"In May 1895, he organised a meeting of the Central Workers' Union that drew a crowd of several hundred - the first of its kind held in Moscow. The meeting resulted in mass arrests, including Liadov's. He was held in prison for two years, then exiled to Verkhoiansk in 1897, for five years, after which he was sentenced to spend another two years under police supervision in Saratov, where he joined the Saratov Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). In 1903, Liadov emigrated in 1903 to Geneva, and attended the Second Congress of the RSDLP, where he supported Vladimir Lenin in the disputes that led to the RSDLP splitting between Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. He stayed loyal to Lenin when others were seeking to reunite the two factions, and took part in 1904 in the meeting of 22 Bolsheviks in Geneva, which created the 'Bureau of the Committees of the Majority', the forerunner of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, of which he was a member. He then attended the International Socialist Congress, Amsterdam 1904 as a Bolshevik delegate. During the 1905 Revolution, Liadov led the Baku Bolsheviks, during a strike by oil workers, but was arrested in August. He escaped and reached Moscow on 13 October. There he was originally one of a triumvirate who led the Moscow Bolsheviks.",
"The other two - V. L. Shanster and M. I. Vasilyev-Yushin - were arrested on 7 December, which meant that Liadov was leading the Moscow Bolsheviks when the workers put up barricades and fought the army for control of the working class districts of Moscow, but, according to the historian J.H.L.Keep, Liadov \"spent these two days wandering aimlessly through the streets. He had no headquarters from which to transmit orders to the militia groups.\" In January 1906, after the Moscow insurrection had been suppressed, Liadov travelled the Urals and Siberia, helping to organise the 4th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in Stockholm, which he attended as a delegate. He was also a delegate to the Fifth Party Congress in London in May 1907. When the Bolsheviks split in June 1909, Liadov backed the Otzovisty faction, led by Alexander Bogdanov, and accused Lenin of being obsessed with \"the statutory strengthening of his personal influence\", an attitude which, he alleged, meant that the Bolsheviks had lost touch with the workers. In 1911, he moved to Baku and gave up illegal activity, to work in the oil industry, and later as an employee of the Nobel brothers. After the February Revolution, in 1917, Liadov was elected acting Chairman of the Baku Soviet, until the chairman, Stepan Shaumian, returned from exile in Siberia, and was appointed editor of the soviet's newspaper, \"Izvestya Bakinskogo soveta\".",
"At this time, he was aligned with neither faction of the RSDLP, but was ousted when the Bolsheviks seized control in October 1917. He was arrested when the Turkish army occupied Baku, held in prison for two months, then deported to Georgia, where he worked for the Menshevik government for two years. Liadov returned to Moscow in 1920. He was then readmitted into the Bolshevik Party and served on the Supreme Council of the National Economy. From 1923 to 1929, he was rector of the Sverdlov Communist University. Then he headed Glavnauka from 1928 to 1929. His history of the party, first published in 1906–07, was reissued in 1923–26. He was also head of the agitprop department of the Moscow regional party, whose first secretary was Nikolai Uglanov. In 1929, when Stalin began the forced collectivisation of agriculture, Liadov, supported the right wing opposition, led by Uglanov and Nikolai Bukharin, for which he was sacked, and ostracised after Stalinist gained control of the Moscow organisation. In 1930 he was appointed director of the Archive of the October Revolution and served as a member of the academic boards of the Lenin Institute and of Istpart. He retired with a special pension in 1932. He died in Moscow in 1947 aged 74 and his ashes were buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Belarusian biathlete\nYuryi Liadov (; born 3 December 1987) is a Belarusian biathlete. He was born in Minsk. He competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2012 and 2013, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, in sprint and pursuit. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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"doc_chunk": "Russian revolutionary and historian\nMartyn Nikolaevich Liadov, (Russian: Мартын Николаевичч Лядов) pseudonym of Martyn Nikolaevich Mandel’shtam (24 August 1872 – 6 January 1947), was a Bolshevik revolutionary activist and historian. Biography. Liadov was born in Moscow on 12 August Old Style 1872, the son of a prominent obstetrician and gynecologist, Nikolai Martynovich (Nokhim Mendelevich) Mandelstam. He was expelled from school at around the age of 12, and was sent by his parents to live with his wealthy uncle in Mitau (Jelgava), in modern-day Latvia, where he enrolled at a German language school. His parents both died while he was at school. In 1889, he was barred from graduating after taking part in protests against the forced russification of German schools. He joined the Russian army as a volunteer, and in 1891 he was transferred to the reserves as a junior officer, and returned to Moscow. Liadov was first drawn to the populist Narodnik movement in Moscow in 1891, but by 1893, he had been converted to Marxism by his brother, Grigori Mandelstam, who had returned to Moscow from Paris, and was involved in founding the Moscow Workers’ Union, the first Marxist organisation to have a following among factory workers in Moscow. He was arrested in 1892, and spent a short time in prison.",
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popqa | 3102049e-5005-48ec-a5a2-29e59039918c | In what city was Edgar Manas born? | Edgar Manas | [
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"Turkish composer (1875-1964)\nEdgar Manas Effendi (; April 12,\n1875 in Istanbul – March 9, 1964 in Istanbul) was a Turkish composer, conductor and musicologist of Armenian descent. He is one of the three co-composers of the Turkish National Anthem, as he made the arrangements for orchestra. Family. Of Armenian descent, Edgar's father, Alexandre Manas, was the chief translator for the Ottoman Public Debt Administration. The family lineage may be traced back to Caesarea (now Kayseri), where it originated in the mid-sixteenth century. Raphael Manas (c.1710 - 1790), an official painter of the Ottoman Empire, was arguably the most outstanding figure of the Manas dynasty: he made the portraits of Mahmud I, Osman III and Mustafa III. Early life. Edgar Manas was born on April 12, 1875, in Istanbul. Artistically gifted young Edgar was sent to Italy at the age of 13 to attend the Collegio Armeno Moorat-Raphael to study commerce. While in Venice he also took piano lessons with Professor Trivellini. Upon graduating in 1894, he returned to his native city. Yet, his impulse to continue his music studies took him back to Italy, where he settled in Padua and worked with composer Luigi Bottazzo, focusing on harmony, counterpoint and fugue. Professional career. Back in Istanbul, Manas pursued his music studies further. He concentrated primarily on composition by examining the classics and the works of contemporary French masters.",
"He produced a series of piano composition in the idiom of Chopin, including “Minuet-Valse” which was published in 1905 by A. Comendinger of Istanbul. During the same year, Edgar Manas conducted the Gallia choral group in a concert at Salle de fêtes de l'Union française, a local auditorium, which earned him the order of Officier d’académie from the French government. In 1912, Manas made the acquaintance of Komitas, the founder of modern Armenian music. Although their relationship was cordial, it was not particularly close, for Manas and Komitas lived in two different aesthetic worlds. The same year, Leipzig-based Breitkopf & Härtel published two of Edgar Manas's compositions – Suite for piano and String Quartet. It was followed by other European publishing houses, including Salabert, Senard and Hamelle. Manas's music was performed often in Istanbul, and, on occasion, in European music capitals. The String Quartet, mentioned above, was premiered in an all-Manas program on May 6, 1921, at Union française. Members of the quartet were violinists Ekrem Zeki Ün and Krikor Garabedian, violist Diran Israelian and cellist Kalayov. On this occasion, the composer performed his Piano Suite and accompanied soprano A. Khandjian in a number of songs. A few years later, the Quartet was performed in Leipzig with much success.",
"Martin Friedland wrote the following in Neue Zeitschrift für Musik:\nManas was soon appointed to the directorship of the Lyre (\"Քնար\" ) chorus, associated with Armenian Youth League of Istanbul. Between the years 1920 – 22, he became affiliated with the Devotee of the Arts (\"Արուեստասէր\") music organization, conducting their annual presentations. During the final concert on January 20, 1922, the program included Manas's own composition, My Death («Իմ մահը»), in addition to works from the standard repertoire. Manas was engaged to teach music at the Esayan Armenian day school and was hired by the Dârülelhan) (the precursor of the Istanbul State Conservatory in 1923 to conduct the orchestra and establish the first women's choir in the newly founded Turkish Republic. Manas also taught harmony at the Bahariye Mektep Bandosu and Orkestrası (Bahariye School Band and Orchestra). The vocal-symphonic ensemble of the conservatory presented its first concert at the historic Galatasaray High School on March 28, 1924. The program included excerpts from Saint-Saëns’s \"Samson et Dalila\", Meyerbeer’s \"L'Africaine\", Brahms’ \"Nänie\", as well as purely orchestral works by Gluck, Schmitt, Schumann and Mendelssohn. In 1923, Hamelle published a collection of songs by Manas, which were based on Armenian poetry but were presented in their French translation by Yetvart Kolandjian.",
"In 1924, it was followed by the publication of his Sonata for violin and piano, premiered to critical acclaim on December 19, 1932, at the main auditorium of the Paris Conservatoire. Kevork Sinanian was the violinist and the composer was at the piano. In February 1926, Salabert of Paris printed Manas's piano work, \"Les îles des princes\" (Princes' Islands). The composition consisted of four movements, each portraying one of the main islands of the archipelago in the Sea of Marmara. Manas soon made an orchestral version of the work. Edgar Manas perhaps is best remembered for his work on İstiklal Marşı, the Turkish National Anthem. In 1932, he was commissioned by the Turkish Republic to harmonize and orchestrate the melody created by Zeki Üngör. In 1933, a choir of 160 members performed his \"Vatan Şarkısı\" (National Song) at the Tepebaşı Tiyatrosu in Istanbul. The following year, Manas arranged and published \"5 Türk Halk Şarkısı\" (Five Turkish Folk Songs) and, in 1935, composed \"Danses populaires Turques\" (Turkish Folk Dances) for piano, published by Editions Maurice Senard in Paris. Manas was appointed choirmaster of The Choir of Goghtn (\"Գողթան երգչախումբ\") of the Armenian patriarchal church in Istanbul, where he served for twenty years until 1957. His \"Rapsodie de l'orient\" was performed by Istanbul Municipal Orchestra under the baton of Cemal Reşit Rey in 1959.",
"Edgar Manas has composed a sizable body of sacred music. The most significant among them is perhaps the Armenian Divine Liturgy for soloists, choir and organ. It was initially conceived in 1912, but was given its final form in 1948. The large scale composition was premiered in Istanbul in 1961 and published in Vienna in 1962. In the foreword of the printed score, the composer writes:\nCompared to the Latin Mass, which consists of five movements of various lengths, the Armenian Divine Liturgy is made of several short segments that are interconnected. In order to avoid any kind of monotony and to conclude the work with a proper ending, I decided to augment certain numbers...and finish the composition with a chorale and fugue. This particular Divine Liturgy with organ obbligato, reserved for special occasions, requires a big chorus in order to project the necessary volume in loud portions, and create an even and opaque sonority in soft passages. Legacy. His students included members of the Ottoman Palace, Turkish musicians, such as Hüseyin Sadeddin Arel and Dr. Suphi Ezgi, and Armenian composers, including Ara Bartevian and Koharik Gazarossian. Edgar Manas is buried in the Pangaltı Catholic Cemetery of Şişli, Istanbul. A large portion of Manas's manuscripts is reposited at the Charents Museum of Literature and Arts of Armenia. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nFurther reading. Pars Tuğlacı (1986)."
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popqa | eef9a778-125e-4bae-ab95-4676167467f1 | In what city was Simon Callery born? | Simon Callery | [
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"English painter\nSimon Callery (born 1960 in London) is an English artist. Life and work. He was educated at Campions school, Athens, Greece, and gained a first-class honours degree from Cardiff College of Art in 1983. He has worked in Turin, and is now resident in London. He first exhibited at the Whitechapel Open in 1989. He paints cityscapes that are abstracted to the point of making them conceptual images. In 1994, Callery was included in the exhibition \"Young British Artists III\" at the Saatchi Gallery. In 1996 he was one of 19 artists chosen for an exhibition, at the Oxford Museum of Modern Art, of the best of British painting in the Nineties. In January 1999, the Saatchi Gallery gave the Arts Council collection 100 works, including work by Callery. The collection is administered by the Hayward Gallery, which arranges loans to regional museums. April–August 2003, Callery created \"The Segsbury Project\", working with archeologists on a Bronze Age ditch and an Iron Age hill fort on the Ridgeway in Wiltshire and Oxfordshire. The project included sculpture and photographs. This major exhibition was displayed at only two venues in the UK, Dover Castle and the Storey Gallery \nOther exhibitions include Art Now at Tate Britain, and Galerie Philippe Casini, Paris (2002). His work is held in the collection of the Tate. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Callery can refer to:\nPlaces. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Callery is a borough in Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 394 at the 2010 census. Geography. Callery is located in the northwestern corner of Adams Township in southwestern Butler County, at (40.739587, −80.037211). It is northwest of Mars and southeast of Evans City; all three boroughs are in the valley of Breakneck Creek. According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of , all land. Demographics. <templatestyles src=\"US Census population/styles.css\"/>\nAs of the 2000 census, there were 444 people, 157 households, and 121 families residing in the borough. The population density was . There were 164 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the borough was 99.10% White, and 0.90% from two or more races. There were 157 households, out of which 43.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.3% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.25.",
"In the borough the population was spread out, with 30.4% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males. The median income for a household in the borough was $42,308, and the median income for a family was $44,091. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $22,679 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $16,049. About 2.3% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.9% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over. History. Callery was established in 1880, with the post office opening in 1884. Most of the community was lost to a fire in 1892; however, with the area being a major rail hub, many of the structures were rebuilt. The community was incorporated into a borough in 1905. Railroad center. Located along the P&W Subdivision, the borough was originally a small whistle stop on the Pittsburgh and Western Railroad. However, by the turn of the 20th century, Callery became a prosperous railroad community with the completion of the Northern Subdivision, which connected with the P&W line in Callery.",
"The Northern Subdivision ran from the junction to the village of Ribold outside of Butler. This new connection turned Callery into a major hub for the B&O Railroad, and for the next three decades it would be called Callery Junction. By the 1930s, a new connection was completed at Eidenau which eliminated the sharp curves and grades to Ribold. Soon after, traffic on the old connection ceased, and Callery Junction was no more. Trains from the Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad still pass the small borough today, but the junction has been gone for almost eighty years. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 967aec47-24ed-4b5c-aa36-214378e7a15a | In what city was Doc Parker born? | Doc Parker | [
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"DOC, Doc, doc or DoC may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Russian medical company\nDoc+ is a Russian medical company that provides services in the field of telemedicine, requesting a house call by a doctor, storing and processing personal medical data. It was launched in September 2015. It works in Moscow, Moscow region, and St. Petersburg. History. The Doc+ service was launched by Victor Belogub, Dmitry Khandogin, and Ruslan Zaydullin in September 2015. Using private investments, the company launched house call service to request a doctor's visit to homes in Moscow and the Moscow region. In July 2016 the company received 5.5 million dollars of investment from Yandex and the Baring Vostok fund, which went on expanding the list of services, marketing and access to other regions. In November 2016 the company entered the market of St. Petersburg. In December of the same year the service received the RBC Award in the category \"Startup of the Year\" for the introduction of an innovative model in healthcare. On April 20, 2017 Yandex together with Doc+ launched a paid online medical consultation service, available in the \"Yandex.Health\" application. During the launch phase, video consultation of a GP or a pediatrician was available. Yandex is responsible for the technical part of the project, Doc+ provides doctors from its database and monitors their work. At the end of May 2017 Doc+ launched an application that allows you to consult doctors via chat, audio, or video, and then, if necessary, request a house call by a doctor or a nurse, have tests, and receive results.",
"In early July, the company received another investment from Baring Vostok and Yandex for the development of IT infrastructure. At that time, the company said that the service had served more than 60,000 house calls and that there were 300 doctors in the staff. In August 2020, Doctor Ryad Holding's Doctor Nearby and Doc + announced a merger. The merged company will be led by Denis Shvetsov. Other details of the merger have been withheld. Doctor Ryad was founded by former president of AFK Sistema and MTS Leonid Melamed and Medsi Group's former president Vladimir Gurdus. Business model. Doctors of the service can put in an IV, perform an ECG, and write a prescription. In the staff of the company there are GPs, pediatricians, neurologists, otolaryngologists, and nurses. Doctors of Doc+ provide consultations via chat, audio or video using a specialized application developed by the company. Also GPs and pediatricians of Doc+ give video consultations within the service \"Yandex.Health\". By April 2017 the service cooperated with 26 insurance companies (including AlfaStrakhovanie, Allianz, and Ingosstrakh), which include Doc+ services in their health insurance programs. In addition to this, Doc+ works with a number of clinics, for which the doctors visit the patients at home. Doc+ declared its readiness to enter the market of telemedicine after the passage of the law on providing medical services remotely.",
"In particular this will allow the doctors of the service to write prescriptions and make a diagnosis remotely. The company announced plans to use investments, received in 2017, to develop a unified patient's medical card that aggregates data from clinics where clients were examined and treated earlier. Investments. After launching in 2015, Doc+ attracted an investment of 35 million rubles from a group of private investors, including Florian Jansen, Managing Director of Lamoda Internet Retailer, Mikhail Sokolov, General Director of OneTwoTrip, Mikhail Tsyferov, Executive Director of Winter Capital. In July 2016 Yandex and Baring Vostok invested 5.5 million dollars in Doc+. In the beginning of June 2017 a new round of investments worth $5 million was announced with the participation of previous investors — Baring Vostok and Yandex. The representatives of the company and the investors did not disclose the distribution of shares after the round. However, it is known that just before the round the largest owner of Doc+ was BV Services Limited (38%), which is associated with the funds of Baring Vostok. Yandex, through the Dutch company Yandex N.V., had 6.53%. Belogub and Khandogin owned 17.56% of shares each. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 8bd455ca-9caa-45d2-bded-df51af2f807d | In what city was William Perry Hay born? | William Perry Hay | [
"Eureka",
"Eureka, Illinois"
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"American zoologist\nWilliam Perry Hay (born in Eureka, Illinois, on December 8, 1871; died in Bradenton, Florida, on January 26, 1947) was an American zoologist, naturalist, and educator known for his work on crayfish and reptiles. Hay was the son of Oliver Perry Hay. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American paleontologist\nOliver Perry Hay (May 22, 1846 – November 2, 1930) was an American herpetologist, ichthyologist, and paleontologist. Hay was born in Jefferson County, Indiana, to Robert and Margaret Hay. In 1870, Hay graduated with a bachelor of arts from Eureka College in Illinois. He taught at the college as a sciences professor from 1870 to 1873. He married Mary E. Howsmon of Eureka, Illinois, in 1870. He was a professor at Oskaloosa College in Iowa from 1874 to 1876. He was a student at Yale University from 1876 to 1877. Seventeen years after earning his bachelors, he earned his PhD from Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana. From 1877 to 1879, he taught at Abingdon College just before it was incorporated into his alma mater, Eureka College. His longest professorship was at Butler University from 1879 to 1892. From 1894 to 1895, he worked at the Field Museum of Natural History as assistant curator of zoology, where despite his specialty in ichthyology, he worked in all nonornithological fields of zoology. In 1912, Hay was appointed as a research associate at the Carnegie Institution for Science, and was given office space at the United States National Museum. There, he did much work with the USNM's collections in vertebrate paleontology. He published extensively on fossil turtles and Pleistocene mammals. The catalogs that he constructed were a great aid in recording existing knowledge and became standard references. His papers from 1911 to 1930 are stored at the Smithsonian Institution. Oliver and Mary had four children together.",
"Their son, William Perry Hay, was also a zoologist. Works. Below is a partial list of Hay's work. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"William Hay may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"William Perry may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name."
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popqa | 24241c48-90a8-4841-a21e-8414c83cf526 | In what city was Kirk O'Bee born? | Kirk O'Bee | [
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"Kirk O'Bee (born April 9, 1977, in Ada, Michigan) is a former professional road racing cyclist from the United States. He won two national championships – in 1997 the USPRO pursuit championship, and in 2001 the USPRO criterium championship. Doping. In 2002, O'Bee was suspended for a year after testing at the 2001 US championship showed an elevated testosterone-to-epitestosterone ratio. O'Bee said the positive drug test \"resulted from a special training regimen recommended by his coach, which involved dietary supplements and exercise.\" O'Bee was fired by the Bissell team on July 31, 2009, for a doping violation. On October 7, 2010, the United States Anti-Doping Agency handed O'Bee a lifetime ban for EPO usage. All results he obtained after October 3, 2005, were vacated. Major results.",
"<templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\n 1st – track pursuit,( National Pursuit Champion)\n 1st – Hasselt-Spa-Hasselt\n 1st – Lys Lez Lannoy\n 1st – Dunquerke-Wacuhal (Espoir)\n 1st – two stages, Tour de Mosselle\n 1st – points jersey, Tour de Mosselle\n 1st United States National Criterium Championships\n 1st – GP Pino Cerami\n 1st – GP de la ville de Rennes\n 1st, Sprint Competition – Sea Otter Classic\n 1st Overall – Tour de Delta\n 1st Stage 4 – Cascade Classic\n 1st Stage 6 – Cascade Classic\n 1st Stage 2 – Tour de Delta\n 1st – Tour de White Rock Road Race\n 1st Overall – Canada Cup Road Race Series\n KOM – Ronde van Drenthe\n KOM – Tour de White Rock\n 2nd – Ronde van Drenthe\n 5th – USPRO Championship\n 1st overall – Tour de Taiwan\n 1st, Stage 5 – Tour de Taiwan\n 1st stage 2 – Nature Valley Grand Prix\n 1st stage 4 – Nature Valley Grand Prix\n 1st stage 5 – Cascade Classic\n 1st – Tour de Gastown\n 1st – Giro di Burnaby\n 1st United States National Criterium Championships\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Scottish term for 'church'\nKirk is a Scottish and former Northern English word meaning 'church'. The term \"the Kirk\" is often used informally to refer specifically to the Church of Scotland, the Scottish national church that developed from the 16th-century Reformation. Many place names and personal names are derived from kirk. Basic meaning and etymology. As a common noun, \"kirk\" (meaning 'church') is found in Scots, Scottish English, Ulster-Scots and some English dialects, attested as a noun from the 14th century onwards, but as an element in placenames much earlier. Both words, \"kirk\" and \"church\", derive from the Koine Greek κυριακόν (δωμα) (kyriakon (dōma)) meaning \"Lord's (house)\", which was borrowed into the Germanic languages in late antiquity, possibly in the course of the Gothic missions. (Only a connection with the idiosyncrasies of Gothic explains how a Greek neuter noun became a Germanic feminine). Whereas \"church\" displays Old English palatalisation, \"kirk\" is a loanword from Old Norse and thus retains the original mainland Germanic consonants.",
"Compare cognates: Icelandic & Faroese \"kirkja\"; Swedish \"kyrka\" (where the first ‘k’ was later palatalized as well); Norwegian (Nynorsk) \"kyrkje\"; Danish and Norwegian (Bokmål) \"kirke\"; Dutch and Afrikaans \"kerk\"; German \"Kirche\" (reflecting palatalization before unstressed front vowel); West Frisian \"tsjerke\"; and borrowed into non-Germanic languages Estonian \"kirik\" and Finnish \"kirkko\". Church of Scotland. As a proper noun, \"the Kirk\" is an informal name for the Church of Scotland, the country's national church and this term is frequently used in the media, in everyday speech and in the church's own literature. \"The Kirk of Scotland\" was in official use as the name of the Church of Scotland until the 17th century. Kirk Session is still the standard term in church law for the court of elders in the local congregation, both in the Church of Scotland and in any of the other Scottish Presbyterian denominations. Free Kirk. Even more commonly, \"The Free Kirk\" is heard as an informal name for the Free Church of Scotland, the remnant of an evangelical presbyterian church formed in 1843 when its founders withdrew from the Church of Scotland. See:\nA pair of rhyming jibes remain from the time of the heated split of the Disruption in 1843, when about a third of the Auld Kirk of Scotland left to form the Free Kirk.",
"The Free Kirkers, who had sometimes given up homes as well as church buildings and started financially from scratch, were taunted with the rhyme: “\"The Free Kirk, the wee Kirk, the Kirk without the steeple\"”. This rhyme linking the Free Kirk with the derogatory diminutive \"wee\" was offensive, and a reply was devised in: \"The Auld Kirk, the cauld Kirk. The Kirk wi’out the people\". High Kirk. \"High Kirk\" is the term sometimes used to describe a congregation of the Church of Scotland that uses a building that had been a cathedral prior to the Reformation. As the Church of Scotland is not governed by bishops, it has no cathedrals in the episcopal sense of the word. In more recent times, the traditional names have been revived, so that in many cases both forms can be heard: Glasgow Cathedral, as well as the \"High Kirk of Glasgow\", and St. Giles' Cathedral, as well as the \"High Kirk of Edinburgh\". The term \"High Kirk\", however, should be used with some caution. Several towns have a congregation known as the High Kirk that were never pre-Reformation cathedrals. Examples include:\nThere is no connection between the term 'High Kirk' and the term 'High Church', which is a type of Churchmanship within the Anglican Communion. Kirk Session. The first court of Presbyterian polity where the Elders of a particular congregation gather as a Session or meeting to govern the spiritual and temporal affairs of the church. Kirking ceremonies."
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"doc_chunk": "Kirk O'Bee (born April 9, 1977, in Ada, Michigan) is a former professional road racing cyclist from the United States. He won two national championships – in 1997 the USPRO pursuit championship, and in 2001 the USPRO criterium championship. Doping. In 2002, O'Bee was suspended for a year after testing at the 2001 US championship showed an elevated testosterone-to-epitestosterone ratio. O'Bee said the positive drug test \"resulted from a special training regimen recommended by his coach, which involved dietary supplements and exercise.\" O'Bee was fired by the Bissell team on July 31, 2009, for a doping violation. On October 7, 2010, the United States Anti-Doping Agency handed O'Bee a lifetime ban for EPO usage. All results he obtained after October 3, 2005, were vacated. Major results.",
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popqa | 742f34d8-c3ed-49b1-acbe-455378b1f328 | In what city was Joachim Olsen born? | Joachim B. Olsen | [
"Aalborg",
"Ålborg"
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"Danish politician and shot putter\nJoachim Brøchner Olsen (born 31 May 1977) is a Danish former politician and former world class shot putter. He was elected to the Danish parliament at the 2011 election, representing the Liberal Alliance in the Greater Copenhagen constituency. As an athlete, he represented Århus 1900. With ten straight international finals, Joachim holds the longest string of appearances in finals at Olympic, World and European Championships among throwers. From October 2003, Olsen was coached by former olympic finalist Vesteinn Hafsteinsson. From February 2007 until Joachim B. Olsen ended his career in July 2009, Olsen was coached by Simon Patrick Stewart. Biography. Olsen was born in Aalborg. He went to the Sct. Mariæ Skole in Aalborg from 1984 to 1994. In 1998, hebecame a student at the Nørresundby Gymnasium & HF. He then studied history for four years at the University of Idaho from 1999 to 2002. Olsen participated in the Unibet Open in Prague in 2010. He married Karen Westergaard in 2013. They have two children. Athletic career. Olsen began practicing athletics in his teens in the late 1980s for the Aalborg AK. Olsen primarily focused on the discus throw, but after switching shot put technique from the glide style to rotational style, he improved dramatically during his four years at the University of Idaho, where he was coached by Tim Taylor. Olsen achieved his first national victory at the age of 16 during the Danish National Indoor Youth Championships.",
"The following year, at 17, while still in the youth category, he claimed both the national titles in shot put (16.08 meters) and discus throw (56.88 meters). Transitioning to the junior category in 1995, he clinched the national championship in shot put, using a 6 kg implement, both indoors (14.23 meters) and outdoors (15.17 meters). Although he appeared at the World Junior Championships in Sydney 1996, where he threw the Discus, it was at the U23 European Championships in Gothenburg in 1999 he made his first international impact, winning a silver medal. At the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Olsen did not qualify for the final. Nevertheless, he received worldwide attention after he wrote in a chat room that the winner of the final, Arsi Harju had failed a doping test. The rumour was false, and the incident caused the Danish National Olympic Committee to send Joachim B. Olsen home prior to the closing of the Games. At the 2001 World Championships in Athletics, Olsen qualified for his first international final. Since then he has qualified for every final at Olympic, World and European Championships. In 2002 Olsen won the silver medal at the European Championships outdoor as well as indoor. In 2003 a hand injury held him back, but a revised training plan removed the pain in his wrist. Thus Olsen was ready for a comeback in 2004, and at the 2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships he won a Bronze medal - a placement he repeated at the Olympic Games in Athens.",
"But because of a positive doping of the gold medalist Yuri Bilonog (Ukraine), which caused the cancellation of the medal, Olsen inherited the silver medal after the announcement of redistributing medals. On 6 November 2005 Olsen injured his right ankle during practise. Several ligaments were either torn or severely damaged. On 6 February 2006 he announced, that the injury had healed sufficiently for him to compete again at highest level. A month later, at the World Indoor Championships, he managed to win a bronze medal with a throw of 21.16 metres. On 8 August 2008 at the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics, Olsen was the flagbearer for Denmark. He failed to reach the final. In 2008 Joachim Olsen became well known in the Danish publicity by his participation in, and winning of, the fifth season of the Danish version of Dancing with the Stars. On 22 July 2009, he announced his withdrawal from shot putting, saying that while he had a dream of competing at the 2012 Summer Olympics, his physical condition would not allow it. He suffered a slipped disc in April 2009. Political career. After retiring from athletics in 2009, Olsen transitioned into politics. The same year, he backed Nicolai Wammen, from the Social Democrats, in Aarhus' municipal elections. A prominent Danish politician, Anders Samuelsen, encouraged Olsen to collaborate with the Liberal Alliance party, which subsequently nominated Olsen for the Folketing elections in 2011. Olsen won a seat in the Folketing with a total result of 1932 votes. In 2015, Olsen was re-elected to the Folketing with 4259 votes.",
"As part of his campaign for the 2019 general election, Olsen placed his ad on adult website Pornhub. Olsen failed to gain the necessary to continue in the general election. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"United States Coast Guard Officer\nCarl Baker Olsen (May 24, 1904, in Fort Collins, Colorado – March 4, 1998, in Escambia County, Florida) was a rear admiral in the United States Coast Guard. Biography. Olsen was born on May 24, 1904, in Fort Collins, Colorado. He graduated from the California Institute of Technology. Career. Olsen graduated from the United States Coast Guard Academy in 1928. He was then stationed aboard the USCGC Mendota (WHEC-69), the USRC Seminole and the USS Ericsson (DD-56). In 1932, Olsen completed aviation training at Naval Air Station Pensacola. From 1934 to 1936, he commanded Coast Guard Air Station Miami. In 1938, Olsen was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying a critically ill United States Army officer approximately 300 miles during a storm, saving the officer's life. Later, he attended the Naval Postgraduate School. During World War II, Olsen commanded the Coast Guard Air Station St. Petersburg before serving in the Pacific Theater of Operations. Awards he received for his service during the war include the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, the American Defense Service Medal, the American Campaign Medal and the World War II Victory Medal. After the war, he served as Chief of the Aviation Division of the Coast Guard from 1945 to 1946. From there, he served as Commandant of the Cadets at the Coast Guard Academy. Additionally, Olsen commanded the USCGC Eagle (WIX-327). During the Korean War, Olsen again served as Chief of the Aviation Division. For this, he received the National Defense Service Medal."
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popqa | 1c98c7b7-c51a-4fd4-bf9b-ba446cae5b47 | In what city was John Robinson born? | John Robinson (judge) | [
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"American judge\nJohn Sherman Robinson (December 17, 1880 – October 9, 1951) was an American track and field athlete, lawyer, judge, and chief justice of the Washington Supreme Court. Early life and education. John was born in Mansfield, Ohio, to Samuel Radford Robinson (October 12, 1830- July 27, 1904), a berry grower who immigrated from Derbyshire, England, and Caroline \"Mathia\" Mottayaw (October 26, 1840 – June 17, 1907), a homemaker. He was the youngest of five boys, and his older brothers were farm laborers. John attended Mansfield High School, where he ran track and field. Robinson attended the University of Michigan and received his bachelor's degree in 1903. While at Michigan, Robinson was a member of the track and field team. He ran the hurdles until sustaining an injury and then competed in the shot put. He was the captain of the track team as a senior. Following graduation, he spent four years as a local teacher, a time during which both his mother and father passed away. With their deaths, Robinson left Ohio in 1907, enrolled in Columbia Law School, and received his law degree in 1910. Legal career. After receiving his law degree, Robinson moved to Seattle and practiced in the firm of Bronson, Robinson & Jones. From 1924, he practiced with Harroun, Robinson, Maloy & Shidler, whose offices were at 1800 Exchange Building.",
"Partners included George Levant Harroun, a graduate of Northwestern University, who focused on banking law, C. E. H. Maloy, an active litigator, and Roger L. Shidler, a 1924 graduate of the University of Washington Law School. In 1916-1917, Robinson served on the Code Commission of the Washington State Bar Association. In 1920-1921, he was a member of the Judiciary and Judicial Administration Committee of the State Bar. From 1933 to 1936, he was the Chair of the State Board of Bar Examiners. Also in 1933, Robinson briefly served as a Superior Court judge, and from 1933 to 1936 served as President of the Seattle Bar Association. From 1937 to 1951, he served as a member of the Washington Supreme Court, and as the chief justice from 1941 to 1943. Personal. On June 22, 1916, Robinson married Edith J. Lind (September 30, 1891 – October 2, 1978) in Tacoma, Washington. They had three sons: John Sherman Robinson, Jr., also an attorney, Samuel W. Robinson, and Irving L. \"Robbie\" Robinson, a French teacher at the Groton School and Western Reserve Academy. In Olympia, the family lived in what is known as the McCleary/Robinson House at 101 Northwest Sherman Street. It had been built in 1916 by Charles McCleary and his wife, Vivian Gose McCleary, who was the daughter of Mack F. Gose, a Washington Supreme Court Justice from 1909 to 1915.",
"In October 1951, Judge Robinson died four months after retiring from the Court, and is buried in Lake Forest Park Cemetery, Seattle, Washington. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Judge Robinson may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Canadian politician\nSir Bryan Robinson (14 January 1808 – 6 December 1887) was an Irish-born lawyer, judge and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Fortune Bay in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1842 to 1848. He was born in Dublin, the son of Reverend Christopher Robinson, rector of Granard, and Elizabeth Langrishe, daughter of the politician Sir Hercules Langrishe and his wife Hannah Myhill, and was educated in Castleknock and at Trinity College Dublin. His paternal grandfather, Sir Christopher Robinson, had been a distinguished judge in Ireland, and this may have influenced his own choice of the law as a career. His brother was Hercules Robinson. Robinson became part of the staff of Thomas John Cochrane, governor of Newfoundland, in 1828. He was subsequently named sheriff for the Labrador coast. Robinson was admitted to the Nova Scotia bar in 1831 and set up practice in Newfoundland. In 1834, he was named master in chancery for the Legislative Council of Newfoundland. In the same year, he married Selina Brooking. In 1844, Robinson was named Queen's Counsel. He served on the board of Commissioners of Roads for St. John's and the Board of Health for St. John's, and was also a justice of the peace. He also served as president of the St. John's agricultural society. Robinson was acting solicitor general in 1845, 1847 and 1849; he was acting attorney general in 1854. In 1858, he was named to the Supreme Court of Newfoundland. He retired to England in 1877 and was knighted in December of that year. Robinson died in Ealing at the age of 79."
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"doc_chunk": "American judge\nJohn Sherman Robinson (December 17, 1880 – October 9, 1951) was an American track and field athlete, lawyer, judge, and chief justice of the Washington Supreme Court. Early life and education. John was born in Mansfield, Ohio, to Samuel Radford Robinson (October 12, 1830- July 27, 1904), a berry grower who immigrated from Derbyshire, England, and Caroline \"Mathia\" Mottayaw (October 26, 1840 – June 17, 1907), a homemaker. He was the youngest of five boys, and his older brothers were farm laborers. John attended Mansfield High School, where he ran track and field. Robinson attended the University of Michigan and received his bachelor's degree in 1903. While at Michigan, Robinson was a member of the track and field team. He ran the hurdles until sustaining an injury and then competed in the shot put. He was the captain of the track team as a senior. Following graduation, he spent four years as a local teacher, a time during which both his mother and father passed away. With their deaths, Robinson left Ohio in 1907, enrolled in Columbia Law School, and received his law degree in 1910. Legal career. After receiving his law degree, Robinson moved to Seattle and practiced in the firm of Bronson, Robinson & Jones. From 1924, he practiced with Harroun, Robinson, Maloy & Shidler, whose offices were at 1800 Exchange Building.",
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popqa | 287bf522-418f-4ef6-b6f7-6cfe566cc084 | In what city was Monster born? | Monster (musician) | [
"Hsinchu",
"Xinzhu"
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"Taiwanese musician (born 1976)\nMonster or Wen Shang-yi (; born 28 November 1976, in Hsinchu County, Taiwan), is one of the two guitarists and leader of the Taiwanese rock band, Mayday. Monster became interested in music and the guitar while studying at the Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University where he also met three other Mayday members Ashin, Stone and Masa. He later became vice-president of the guitar society in high school and president of the Rock and Roll society at National Taiwan University during his university days. An accomplished guitarist, he has also dabbled in album production, producing albums for Fish Leong, Della Ding, Alien Huang, Energy, Victor Wong, Jia Jia, Maggie Chiang, Fahrenheit, Jing Chang, Xiao Bing Chih and others. He also composed songs for many singers such as Jam Hsiao, Richie Jen and Stefanie Sun. Monster was given his own Signature Model Les Paul from Gibson in 2014. He was added to the Gibson signature artist club as the second guitarist from Asia. Monster's admired guitarist is Matsumoto Takahiro, who are the leader and guitarist of the Japanese band B'z. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Monster Monster is the second album by American rock band The Almost, released on November 3, 2009. Background. The Almost released their debut album, \"Southern Weather\" in 2007. On November 9, 2008, it was announced that the band had parted ways with drummer Kenny Bozich. Later that month, the band released a holiday-themed EP, \"No Gift to Bring\". Recording. On April 29, 2009, the band arrived at Dark Horse Recording studio in Franklin, Tennessee. The recording process was documented with tweets, a live Stickam stream, and blogs. Like the band's debut \"Southern Weather\", \"Monster Monster\" was produced by Aaron Sprinkle. Due to the band's lack of a drummer at the time, lead singer Aaron Gillespie played drums for the record. After the recording and mastering of the record, Gillespie stated, \"This now feels like a real band. Everyone gave up a piece of his own agenda for the good of the final result. And that's how you end up with something special. They supplied the bricks and we built this house together.\" On May 7, a studio update was posted online, followed by another on May 26. Release. The first single from the album is \"Hands\" and it was released onto radio stations October 2, 2009, and it has cracked the Top 5 on the Christian Rock charts. When speaking of touring, Gillespie noted that \"[The Almost] plan on hitting it as hard as we can.\" Vilardi concurred with \"We'd like to leave and not come back for two years.\"",
"In October and November, the group supported the Used on their headlining US tour. On November 23, 2009, a music video was released for \"Lonely Wheel\". In February and March 2010, the band performed at Soundwave festival in Australia. The third track on the album, \"No I Don't,\" debuted on the Christian Rock chart on March 5. Personnel. The Almost\nAdditional musicians\nProduction\nMonster EP. \"Monster EP\" was released on October 6, 2009, one month before the launch of \"Monster Monster\". It was sold exclusively through retail store Hot Topic, the band's website and a tour supporting \"Monster Monster\". The song \"Hands\" is the first single, which will include a music video, from \"Monster Monster\" and the EP to be released to radio stations. The EP packaging is a double-disc digipak, one of the discs contain the music and the other contains no data at all, but depicts the artwork that \"Monster Monster\" will have on the disc's label along with lyrics and printed track listing. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Fearsome and/or grotesque fictional being\nA monster is a type of fictional creature found in horror, fantasy, science fiction, folklore, mythology and religion. Monsters are very often depicted as dangerous and aggressive, with a strange or grotesque appearance that causes terror and fear, often in humans. Monsters usually resemble bizarre, deformed, otherworldly and/or mutated animals or entirely unique creatures of varying sizes, but may also take a human form, such as mutants, ghosts, spirits, zombies, or cannibals, among other things. They may or may not have supernatural powers, but are usually capable of killing or causing some form of destruction, threatening the social or moral order of the human world in the process. Animal monsters are outside the moral order, but sometimes have their origin in some human violation of the moral law (e.g. in the Greek myth, Minos does not sacrifice to Poseidon the white bull which the god sent him, so as punishment Poseidon makes Minos' wife, Pasiphaë, fall in love with the bull. She copulates with the beast, and gives birth to the man with a bull's head, the Minotaur). Human monsters are those who by birth were never fully human (Medusa and her Gorgon sisters) or who through some supernatural or unnatural act lost their humanity (werewolves, Frankenstein's monster), and so who can no longer, or who never could, follow the moral law of human society.",
"Monsters may also be depicted as misunderstood and friendly creatures who frighten individuals away without wanting to, or may be so large, strong and clumsy that they cause unintentional damage or death. Some monsters in fiction are depicted as mischievous and boisterous but not necessarily threatening (such as a sly goblin), while others may be docile but prone to becoming angry or hungry, thus needing to be tamed and taught to resist savage urges, or killed if they cannot be handled or controlled successfully. Monsters pre-date written history, and the academic study of the particular cultural notions expressed in a society's ideas of monsters is known as \"monstrophy\". Monsters have appeared in literature and in feature-length films. Well-known monsters in fiction include Count Dracula, Frankenstein's monster, werewolves, vampires, demons, mummies, and zombies. Etymology. \"Monster\" derives from the Latin \"monstrum\", itself derived ultimately from the verb \"moneo\" (\"to remind, warn, instruct, or foretell\"), and denotes anything \"strange or singular, contrary to the usual course of nature, by which the gods give notice of evil,\" \"a strange, unnatural, hideous person, animal, or thing,\" or any \"monstrous or unusual thing, circumstance, or adventure.\" Cultural heritage. In the words of Tina Marie Boyer, assistant professor of medieval German literature at Wake Forest University, \"monsters do not emerge out of a cultural void; they have a literary and cultural heritage\"."
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"doc_chunk": "Taiwanese musician (born 1976)\nMonster or Wen Shang-yi (; born 28 November 1976, in Hsinchu County, Taiwan), is one of the two guitarists and leader of the Taiwanese rock band, Mayday. Monster became interested in music and the guitar while studying at the Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University where he also met three other Mayday members Ashin, Stone and Masa. He later became vice-president of the guitar society in high school and president of the Rock and Roll society at National Taiwan University during his university days. An accomplished guitarist, he has also dabbled in album production, producing albums for Fish Leong, Della Ding, Alien Huang, Energy, Victor Wong, Jia Jia, Maggie Chiang, Fahrenheit, Jing Chang, Xiao Bing Chih and others. He also composed songs for many singers such as Jam Hsiao, Richie Jen and Stefanie Sun. Monster was given his own Signature Model Les Paul from Gibson in 2014. He was added to the Gibson signature artist club as the second guitarist from Asia. Monster's admired guitarist is Matsumoto Takahiro, who are the leader and guitarist of the Japanese band B'z. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 82bc7697-cf09-4891-8b01-92331b443a9f | In what city was Anders Orvin born? | Anders K. Orvin | [
"Hattfjelldal"
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"Norwegian geologist and explorer\nAnders Kristian Orvin (24 October 1889 – 2 October 1980) was a Norwegian geologist and explorer. Biography. He was born at Hattfjelldal in Nordland, Norway. He was a son of Ole Tobias Olsen (1830–1924) and Christine Bernhardine Dahl (1855–1910). His father was a parish pastor in Nordland. Orvin finished his secondary education in 1909 and graduated cand.min. from the Royal Frederick University (now University of Oslo) in mineralogy in 1912. He mostly explored and worked at Spitsbergen, but had tenures in Siberia in 1914. As well as Spitsbergen his expeditions went to East Greenland and Bear Island. He served as operating manager of the molybdenite mines \"Ornehommen Molybdengruber\" 1915 to 1916 and at \"Dalen Gruber\" in Telemark from 1918 to 1921. He was hired in the Norwegian Polar Institute in 1928. He was acting managing director from 1945 to 1948. He served as sub-director until being managing director from 1958 to 1961. He took his dr.philos. degree in 1934 on the thesis \"Geology of the Kings Bay Region, Spitsbergen\". Among his other writings are \"Geology of Bear Island\" (1928, with Gunnar Horn) and \"Outline of the Geological History of Spitsbergen\" (1940). After the war he wrote \"The place-names of Jan Mayen\" (1960).",
"He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1952, was made a Knight, First Class of Order of St. Olav in 1960 and a Knight of the Order of the Polar Star. He died during 1980 and was buried in the cemetery at Vestre Aker Church in Oslo. The Orvin Mountains in Queen Maud Land in Antarctica and Orvin Land in Svalbard are named after him. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Orvin is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura (\"Jura Bernois\"). Above it, there is a small year round resort, called les \"Prés-d'Orvin\". History. Orvin is first mentioned in 866 as \"Ulvinc\". In 999 King Rudolph III of Burgundy gave Moutier-Grandval Abbey and its lands, including Orvin, to the Prince-Bishop of Basel. The village remained under the Bishop's direct control until 1295, when the Lords of Orvin received the village as a fief. They held the village until the end of the 14th century, after which it passed to the d'Orsans family and then the Lords of Rondchâtel. After the Rondchâtel line died out, the village returned to the Bishop's control who placed it under the ecclesiastical vogt of Biel. The first town charter of 1352 was expanded and revised in 1643 and confirmed by the Bishop in 1668. It remained in effect until the end of the Ancien Régime. Starting in the 14th century, the feudal levies of Orvin were part of a company from Erguel and under the control of Biel. However, between 1649 and 1852, they formed a separate company with its own banner. The military company became a major local corporation, which became quite wealthy through offering loans.",
"The old village church of St. Peter was part of the diocese of Lausanne, while the town was owned by the Bishop of Basel. St. Peter's was eventually demolished and a late-Gothic church was built in another location. That church was demolished in 1722 and replaced by the current Baroque church, which was decorated in 1916 by Paul Robert. The village accepted the Protestant Reformation in 1530. In the 17th century, the population was afflicted by several witch trials. After the 1797 French victory and the Treaty of Campo Formio, Orvin became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later, in 1800 it became part of the Département of Haut-Rhin. After Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Orvin was assigned to the Canton of Bern. During the late 19th century, the municipality remained isolated from the growing Swiss railroad network. It remained generally agrarian and in 1930 had 95 farms. However, in the 1950s the population began to grow as good roads were built into the village. In the following twenty years the population increased by nearly one-third. As the population grew, several factories opened in Orvin. In 1954 the first factory, the Schäublin factory, opened in the municipality. It was followed by a Bulova factory in 1964, the Léchot company in 1961, LNS company in 1973 and Precimed in 1988. By 2005 only 10% of the working population worked in agriculture, while almost two-thirds worked in industry.",
"The resort village of Les Prés-d'Orvin grew rapidly as residents of Biel and Solothurn bought chalets. In 1951 there were 181 houses in Les Prés-d'Orvin, while in 1975 it had increased to 332. Geography. Orvin has an area of Incorrect Municipal Code <samp>0438</samp> . Of this area, or 37.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 57.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 4.8% is settled (buildings or roads) and or 0.6% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.5%. Out of the forested land, 52.3% of the total land area is heavily forested and 5.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 7.3% is used for growing crops and 11.5% is pastures and 18.2% is used for alpine pastures. It is located north of Biel/Bienne in a side valley of the Suze river. On 31 December 2009 District de Courtelary, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois. Coat of arms."
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"doc_chunk": "Norwegian geologist and explorer\nAnders Kristian Orvin (24 October 1889 – 2 October 1980) was a Norwegian geologist and explorer. Biography. He was born at Hattfjelldal in Nordland, Norway. He was a son of Ole Tobias Olsen (1830–1924) and Christine Bernhardine Dahl (1855–1910). His father was a parish pastor in Nordland. Orvin finished his secondary education in 1909 and graduated cand.min. from the Royal Frederick University (now University of Oslo) in mineralogy in 1912. He mostly explored and worked at Spitsbergen, but had tenures in Siberia in 1914. As well as Spitsbergen his expeditions went to East Greenland and Bear Island. He served as operating manager of the molybdenite mines \"Ornehommen Molybdengruber\" 1915 to 1916 and at \"Dalen Gruber\" in Telemark from 1918 to 1921. He was hired in the Norwegian Polar Institute in 1928. He was acting managing director from 1945 to 1948. He served as sub-director until being managing director from 1958 to 1961. He took his dr.philos. degree in 1934 on the thesis \"Geology of the Kings Bay Region, Spitsbergen\". Among his other writings are \"Geology of Bear Island\" (1928, with Gunnar Horn) and \"Outline of the Geological History of Spitsbergen\" (1940). After the war he wrote \"The place-names of Jan Mayen\" (1960).",
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popqa | 081fe9c1-0708-477b-84cf-ac9e87070fa6 | In what city was Florence Marie Harsant born? | Florence Harsant | [
"New Plymouth"
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"Florence Marie Harsant (née Woodhead; 19 September 1891 – 19 June 1994) was a New Zealand temperance worker, nurse, community leader and writer. Biography. She was born in New Plymouth, New Zealand, on 19 September 1891. In the 1981 Queen's Birthday Honours, Harsant was awarded the Queen's Service Medal for community service. She died on 19 June 1994, aged 102. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Largest city in Tuscany, Italy\nFlorence ( ; ) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany. It is also the most populated city in Tuscany, with 360,930 inhabitants in 2023, and 984,991 in its metropolitan area. Florence was a centre of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of that era. It is considered by many academics to have been the birthplace of the Renaissance, becoming a major artistic, cultural, commercial, political, economic and financial center. During this time, Florence rose to a position of enormous influence in Italy, Europe, and beyond. Its turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family and numerous religious and republican revolutions. From 1865 to 1871 the city served as the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. The Florentine dialect forms the base of standard Italian and it became the language of culture throughout Italy due to the prestige of the masterpieces by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini. The city attracts millions of tourists each year, and UNESCO declared the Historic Centre of Florence a World Heritage Site in 1982. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries, such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Palazzo Pitti, and still exerts an influence in the fields of art, culture and politics. Due to Florence's artistic and architectural heritage, \"Forbes\" ranked it as one of the most beautiful cities in the world in 2010.",
"Florence plays an important role in Italian fashion, and is ranked in the top 15 fashion capitals of the world by Global Language Monitor; furthermore, it is a major national economic centre, as well as a tourist and industrial hub. Etymology. comes from , locative form of , in turn a name conveying good luck, from . History. <templatestyles src=\"Template:Quote_box/styles.css\" />\nTimeline of Florence <br>\n Roman Republic, 59–27 BC \n Roman Empire, 27 BC–AD 285 \n Western Roman Empire, 285–476 \n Kingdom of Odoacer, 476–493 \n Ostrogothic Kingdom, 493–553 \n Eastern Roman Empire, 553–568 \n Lombard Kingdom, 570–773 \n Carolingian Empire, 774–797 \n Regnum Italiae, 797–1001 \n March of Tuscany, 1002–1115 \n Republic of Florence, 1115–1532 \n Duchy of Florence, 1532–1569 \n Grand Duchy of Tuscany, 1569–1801 \n Kingdom of Etruria, 1801–1807 \n First French Empire, 1807–1815 \n Grand Duchy of Tuscany, 1815–1859 \n United Provinces of Central Italy, 1859–1860 \n Kingdom of Italy, 1861–1943 \n Italian Social Republic, 1943–1945 \n Italy, 1946–present\nFlorence originated as a Roman city, and later, after a long period as a flourishing trading and banking medieval commune, it was the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance.",
"It was politically, economically, and culturally one of the most important cities in Europe and the world from the 14th to 16th centuries. The language spoken in the city during the 14th century came to be accepted as the model for what would become the Italian language. Thanks especially to the works of the Tuscans Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, the Florentine dialect, above all the local dialects, was adopted as the basis for a national literary language. Starting from the late Middle Ages, Florentine money—in the form of the gold florin—financed the development of industry all over Europe, from Britain to Bruges, to Lyon and Hungary. Florentine bankers financed the English kings during the Hundred Years' War. They similarly financed the papacy, including the construction of their provisional capital of Avignon and, after their return to Rome, the reconstruction and Renaissance embellishment of Rome. Florence was home to the Medici, one of European history's most important noble families. Lorenzo de' Medici was considered a political and cultural mastermind of Italy in the late 15th century. Two members of the family were popes in the early 16th century: Leo X and Clement VII. Catherine de' Medici married King Henry II of France and, after his death in 1559, reigned as regent in France. Marie de' Medici married Henry IV of France and gave birth to the future King Louis XIII. The Medici reigned as Grand Dukes of Tuscany, starting with Cosimo I de' Medici in 1569 and ending with the death of Gian Gastone de' Medici in 1737.",
"The Kingdom of Italy, which was established in 1861, moved its capital from Turin to Florence in 1865, although the capital was moved to Rome in 1871. Roman origins. Florence was established by the Romans in 59 BC as a colony for veteran soldiers and was built in the style of an army camp. Situated along the \"Via Cassia\", the main route between Rome and the north, and within the fertile valley of the Arno, the settlement quickly became an important commercial centre and in AD 285 became the capital of the Tuscia region. Early Middle Ages. In centuries to come, the city experienced turbulent alternate periods of Ostrogoth and Byzantine rule, during which the city was fought over, helping to cause the population to fall to as low as 1,000 people. Peace returned under Lombard rule in the 6th century and Florence was in turn conquered by Charlemagne in 774 becoming part of the March of Tuscany centred on Lucca. The population began to grow again and commerce prospered. Second millennium. Margrave Hugo chose Florence as his residency instead of Lucca around 1000 AD. The Golden Age of Florentine art began around this time. In 1100, Florence was a \"commune\", meaning a city-state. The city's primary resource was the Arno river, providing power and access for the industry (mainly textile industry), and access to the Mediterranean sea for international trade, helping the growth of an industrious merchant community. The Florentine merchant banking skills became recognised in Europe after they brought decisive financial innovation (e.g."
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popqa | e942c148-0e85-445c-b513-b8a95b3650a2 | In what city was Steve McDonald born? | Steve McDonald (cricketer) | [
"Birmingham",
"Birmingham, England",
"Birmingham, West Midlands"
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"English cricketer\nStephen 'Steve' McDonald (born 2 October 1974) is a former English cricketer. McDonald was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Birmingham, Warwickshire. McDonald represented the Warwickshire Cricket Board in List A cricket. His debut List A match came against Berkshire in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. From 1999 to 2001, he represented the Board in 4 matches, the last of which came against Lancashire in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 5 List A matches, he scored 51 runs at a batting average of 12.75, with a high score of 25. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Steve or Stephen McDonald may refer to:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"Australian cricketer\nAndrew Barry McDonald (born 5 June 1981) is the head Australian cricket coach who won the 2023 Cricket World Cup and former cricketer who played for the Victoria and South Australia cricket teams. He was born in Wodonga, Victoria and currently lives in Geelong, Victoria. He made his Test match debut in Sydney on 3 January 2009, against South Africa. McDonald also represented Australia at under 19 level and has played for the Prime Minister's XI. He is an allrounder who bats right-handed and is a right-arm medium-fast bowler. McDonald was captain of the Australian A XI which took on South Africa in October/November 2012. As coach, he led Australia to winning the 2023 ICC World Test Championship Final and the 2023 ICC Cricket World Cup. Coaching career. After retiring as a player, he became a cricket coach. He has coached Leicestershire County Cricket Club, Victoria and the Melbourne Renegades. He won the Sheffield Shield in his first year as senior coach of Victoria. He was also bowling coach for Royal Challengers Bangalore and head coach of Rajasthan Royals in the Indian Premier League. In October 2019, he was appointed as assistant coach to Justin Langer with the Australian men's cricket team. On 5 February 2022, with the resignation of Justin Langer, McDonald was appointed interim head coach of the team. On 13 April 2022, he was appointed as head coach for Australia national cricket team for four years. Career summary. McDonald started his first class career with 32 wickets in his first ten games in 2003–04. His best spell was 6 for 67 against Western Australia.",
"He was struggling however with the bat and despite batting at 4 at the start of the summer he would end it at number 8 in the batting order. Finger surgery the following season limited his appearances. In 2005–06 he played just four matches and only managed 83 runs and four wickets. Injury-free, McDonald came into his own in the 2006–07 season. In the Pura Cup he boasted a batting average of over a hundred when he brought up his 500th run. He finished the season as only the 4th player in Sheffield Shield/Pura Cup history to reach the double of 750 runs and 25 wickets in a season. He was rewarded for his strong domestic form by being named in the Australian 30-man preliminary squad for the 2007 World Cup. He was also named in the Australian preliminary squads for the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 and a 7 match ODI series tour of India. He made his Test debut in the Third Test against South Africa at the Sydney Cricket Ground in January, 2009 because Andrew Symonds and Shane Watson were both injured. In Australia's first innings, McDonald came in at number six and scored 15 before edging a catch to Mark Boucher. During this innings, he was given a nasty bouncer by Morné Morkel, knocking his helmet off from behind and narrowly missing his leg-stump. The next day, he removed Hashim Amla (lbw) for 51 to claim his first ever Test wicket. He was subsequently selected for the tour to South Africa in February–March 2009.",
"In a three match Test series which Australia won 2–1, McDonald made some valuable contributions, including 68 in the second innings of the Third Test at Cape Town and taking 6 wickets during the series. As a result of his performance, McDonald was selected for the 2009 Ashes tour, although did not play in any of the Tests. He did score 75 runs opening the batting in the second innings against Northamptonshire, as well as taking 4 for 15 to win the match for Australia. He returned to Australia temporarily from the 2009 Ashes tour to be with his wife who was due to give birth to the couple's first child. In the 2009 Indian Premier League McDonald played for the Delhi Daredevils, and his experience in India playing for Victoria in the Champions League Twenty20 was a factor in his call-up to Australia's injury-hit ODI squad in India in November 2009. McDonald was one of the 350 players under the hammer for the IPL Auction 2011. He was bought by Delhi Daredevils for US$80,000. On 11 January 2012 during the first transfer window trading, Royal Challengers Bangalore signed him from Delhi for a transfer fee of US$100,000. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons"
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"doc_chunk": "English cricketer\nStephen 'Steve' McDonald (born 2 October 1974) is a former English cricketer. McDonald was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Birmingham, Warwickshire. McDonald represented the Warwickshire Cricket Board in List A cricket. His debut List A match came against Berkshire in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. From 1999 to 2001, he represented the Board in 4 matches, the last of which came against Lancashire in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. In his 5 List A matches, he scored 51 runs at a batting average of 12.75, with a high score of 25. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | cd78e214-7b45-4a04-819b-60ce2683c8a9 | In what city was Harry W. Kvebæk born? | Harry W. Kvebæk | [
"Fetsund"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36632721 | 1 | {
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"Norwegian trumpet player\nHarry William Kvebæk (4 May 1925 – 26 June 2012) was a Norwegian trumpeter. He was born in Fetsund. He was a solo cornettist in Forsvarets Stabsmusikkorps from 1947 to 1963 and solo trumpetist in the Oslo Philharmonic from 1963 to 1973. He was then appointed as an associate professor in trumpet and chamber music at the Norwegian Academy of Music, and was later promoted to professor. He was decorated with the King's Medal of Merit in gold, and won the veteran's Gammleng Award in 1998. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American football player and sports coach (1899–1968)\nHarry Watson \"Maud\" Crum (July 10, 1899 – February 14, 1968) was an American football player and coach of football and basketball. He served as the head football coach at George Washington University from \n1924 to 1928 and at Allegheny College from 1929 to 1931, compiling a career college football record of 40–25–7. Crum was also the head basketball coach at George Washington from 1927 to 1929, tally a mark of 13–14. Coaching career. Crum accepted the position of head football coach at the George Washington University in 1924. He was the first to remain in that position with the \"Hatchetites\" for more than four years. He then coached the football team at Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania. He held that position for three seasons, from 1929 until 1931. His coaching record at Allegheny was 14–7–4. Later life and death. Crum died in 1968 at a hospital in New Kensington, Pennsylvania. In his later years he had worked as an attorney. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Harry Wilcox Wachter (December 27, 1868 – April 19, 1941) was an American architect in Toledo, Ohio. He was the local architect involved in the design and construction of the Toledo Museum of Art, working with Edward B. Green's Buffalo, New York firm on the Greek revival building. Wachter and his firms are also credited with designing several churches including First Presbyterian Church (Napoleon, Ohio) and historic buildings such as Bronson Place. Career. Wachter attended \"old\" Toledo High School, Toledo Manual Training School, and Columbia University, where he studied architecture. He began his professional work at the firm of D.L. Stine. Then he practiced with London born architect George S. Mills from 1892 to 1897. Their work together included Toledo's Dennison Building at 515-517 Dennison Avenue. Wachter started his own firm in 1898 and partnered with Thomas Hudson to form Wachter & Hudson. Wachter took a European tour according to a 1904 edition of the \"Ohio Builder\". Achievements. He was made a fellow of the American Institute of Architects, was the first president of Toledo's Sylvania Golf Club and one of the founders of Ottawa Park Golf Club, and was a Mason. He died in 1941 after an illness. His son Horace Wachter also practiced architecture. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American diplomat (1926–2018)\nHarry Walter Shlaudeman (May 17, 1926 – December 5, 2018) was an American diplomat, who served successively as Ambassador to Venezuela, Peru, Argentina, Brazil, and Nicaragua. Biography. Shlaudeman was born in Los Angeles, California, on May 17, 1926. During World War II, he served in the United States Marine Corps from 1944 to 1946. After the war, he attended Stanford University, receiving his B.A. in 1952. Shlaudeman died on December 5, 2018, in San Luis Obispo, California, at the age of 92. Foreign service career. Shlaudeman joined the United States Foreign Service in 1954. As a Foreign Service Officer, he was posted to Barranquilla 1955–56; to Bogotá 1956–1958; to Sofia 1959–1962; and to Santo Domingo 1962–1964. He moved to Washington, D.C., in 1964, becoming the Dominican Republic desk officer in the United States Department of State. In 1965, he became assistant director of the State Department's Office of Caribbean Affairs, and also served as an advisor to Ellsworth Bunker, the United States Ambassador to the Organization of American States. From 1967 to 1969, he was special assistant to United States Secretary of State Dean Rusk. He returned to the field in 1969 as deputy chief of mission in Santiago, Chile, and then returned to the U.S. in 1973 to become Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs.",
"President of the United States Gerald Ford nominated Shlaudeman as United States Ambassador to Venezuela and he held this post from May 9, 1975, until May 14, 1976. Ford next nominated Shlaudeman as Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs, and he held this office from July 22, 1976, until March 14, 1977. President Jimmy Carter nominated him as United States Ambassador to Peru, holding this post from June 28, 1977, until October 20, 1980. Carter then named him United States Ambassador to Argentina, holding this post from November 4, 1980, until August 26, 1983, during the Falklands War. Shlaudeman spent 1983–84 as a member of the National Bipartisan Commission on Central America. In 1984, President Ronald Reagan named Shlaudeman as the President's Special Envoy for Central America. He then served as United States Ambassador to Brazil from August 5, 1986, until May 14, 1989. President George H. W. Bush then nominated him as United States Ambassador to Nicaragua and he served in this post from June 21, 1990, until March 14, 1992. Shlaudeman received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1992. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | f627a834-8aa9-4435-8fb5-1af7efe5aabc | In what city was Rose Bampton born? | Rose Bampton | [
"Lakewood",
"Lakewood, Ohio"
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"American opera singer (1907-2007)\nRose Bampton (November 28, 1907 in Lakewood, Ohio – August 21, 2007 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania) was an American opera singer who had an active international career during the 1930s and 1940s. She began her professional career performing mostly minor roles from the mezzo-soprano repertoire in 1929 but later switched to singing primarily leading soprano roles in 1937 until her retirement from the opera stage in 1963. She notably had a lengthy and fruitful partnership with the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, singing there for eighteen consecutive seasons between 1932 and 1950. Her greatest successes were from the dramatic soprano repertoire, particularly in operas by Richard Wagner. Not a stranger to the concert repertoire, Bampton was particularly known for her performances of works by Alban Berg, Arnold Schoenberg, and her friend Samuel Barber, notably having performed Barber's compositions with the composer accompanying her in concert. Early life and career: 1907–1932. Born in Lakewood, Ohio, Bampton grew up in Buffalo, New York. She entered Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa, where she initially began training as a soprano, but was redirected by her voice teacher into the mezzo-soprano repertoire after a serious bout of laryngitis. Shortly after graduating with a bachelor's degree, Bampton made her professional opera debut as Siebel in Gounod's \"Faust\" at the Chautauqua Opera in 1929. Her performance was positively received and she was invited to perform at the Worcester Music Festival in Worcester, Massachusetts that summer.",
"In the fall of 1929 Bampton moved to Philadelphia after being offered a contract to join the roster of singers of the Philadelphia Grand Opera Company (PGOC) where she sang mostly comprimario roles over the next three years. Bampton made her PGOC debut as Mercédès in Georges Bizet's \"Carmen\" on October 23, 1929, with a cast that included Sophie Braslau as Carmen, Ralph Errolle as Don José, Chief Caupolican as Escamillo, and Henri Elkan conducting. Other roles with the company included Mistress Bentson in \"Lakmé\" (1929), Feodor in \"Boris Godunov\" with Georges Baklanoff in the title role (1929), Mama Lucia in \"Cavalleria rusticana\" (1929, 1931), Alisa in \"Lucia di Lammermoor\" (1930), the shepherd boy in \"Tosca\" (1930, 1932), Myrtale in \"Thaïs\" (1930, 1932), the first maid in \"Elektra\" with Charlotte Boerner as Chrysothemis (1931, 1932), Brangäne in \"Tristan und Isolde\" with Paul Althouse as Tristan (1932), Wellgunde in both \"Das Rheingold\" and \"Götterdämmerung\" (1932), and Waltraute in \"Die Walküre\" (1932). While performing at the PGOC, Bampton entered the Curtis Institute of Music in 1930 to pursue graduate studies in singing where her voice teachers included Horatio Connell and Queena Mario.",
"She also had the opportunity to attend masterclasses given by Lotte Lehmann. While at Curtis she developed a friendship with fellow students, composers Samuel Barber and Gian Carlo Menotti. Barber notably recruited her to sing in the New York premiere of his vocal chamber work \"Dover Beach\" in 1933. Bampton also sang several times with the Philadelphia Orchestra in the early 1930s under the baton of Leopold Stokowski. With the orchestra she notably sang the Wood-Dove in the United States premiere of Schoenberg's \"Gurre-Lieder\" (1932), was the soloist for a performance of Manuel de Falla's \"El amor brujo\" (1932), and sang the role of Kundry in a concert version of \"Parsifal\" (1933) among other performances. Bampton made several appearances at the Bethlehem Bach Festival during the early 1930s. A recording of Bampton's performance of the \"Gurre-Lieder\" with the Philadelphia Orchestra reached the ears of Giulio Gatti-Casazza, then General Director of the Metropolitan Opera. Impressed with her performance, he contacted Bampton to come and audition for the company. She obliged and ended up being offered a Met contract. According to \"Opera News\", Bampton initially hesitated to accept the invitation as \"she had doubts as to whether her true vocal range was mezzo or soprano and was concerned about her lack of stage experience.\"",
"However, she relented and made her first appearance with the company for an out of town engagement in Philadelphia on November 22, 1932, as Laura Adorno in \"La Gioconda\" with Rosa Ponselle in the title role, Giacomo Lauri-Volpi as Enzo, and Giuseppe Sturani conducting. The Metropolitan Opera and international success: 1932–1950. Just six days after her Met debut in Philadelphia, Bampton made her first appearance at the actual Metropolitan Opera House in New York City, reprising the role of Laura. Over the next four years she sang mostly smaller role at the house: the Sandman in \"Hänsel und Gretel\", Waltraute, Wellgunde, and the Voice from Above in \"Parsifal\". The only two roles of more considerable size that she portrayed were, Amneris in \"Aida\" and Brangäne in \"Tristan und Isolde\". During these years she began a romantic relationship with noted Canadian conductor and pianist Wilfrid Pelletier (1896–1982) who was a regular conductor at the Met and the husband of Queena Mario, Rose's teacher at Curtis Institute. After Pelletier divorced his wife, the couple married on May 24, 1937, and, although happily married, never had children. By the year of her marriage, Bampton was feeling highly frustrated with her lack of good roles at the Met.",
"She therefore decided to establish herself in the soprano repertoire, beginning with a portrayal of Leonora in \"Il Trovatore\" at the Met on May 7, 1937, with Arthur Carron as Manrico. Her Met career at the Met flourished after this point with her roles at the house over the next thirteen years including Donna Anna in \"Don Giovanni\", Elisabeth in \"Tannhäuser\", Elsa in \"Lohengrin\", Kundry, and the title roles in Gluck's \"Alceste\" and Verdi's \"Aida\" among others. Her most frequent role at the house was Sieglinde in \"Die Walküre\" alongside Lauritz Melchior. In January 1940 she showed an incredible level of musical versatility when she sang performances of both Aida and Amneris within a week of each other at the Met. Her last and 112th performance at the house was as Elsa on April 17, 1950, with Set Svanholm in the title role and Fritz Stiedry conducting. In addition to singing at the Met, Bampton sang with many other opera companies throughout the world during the 1930s and 1940s, including performances in Europe and South America. In 1936-1937 she toured Germany and Czechoslovakia in concerts. She made her debut at the Bavarian State Opera as Leonora in 1936, and that same year appeared at the Semperoper in Dresden. In 1937 she made her only appearance at the Royal Opera at Covent Garden as Amneris."
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popqa | 1f73ebf3-bc79-4ce5-9c92-9fe9d0febd03 | In what city was Geert Brusselers born? | Geert Brusselers | [
"Eindhoven",
"Eindhoven, North Brabant"
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"Dutch professional footballer\nBodi Brusselers (born 12 December 1998) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Greek Super League 2 club Doxa Drama. Club career. Brusselers is a youth exponent from NAC Breda. He made his Eerste Divisie debut on 5 August 2016 against Jong FC Utrecht. After having spent the 2018-19 season on loan at Helmond Sport, the club signed him permanently on 24 August 2019. Personal life. Bodi is a son of former NAC player Geert Brusselers and a grandson of former PSV player Toon Brusselers. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Dutch footballer\nToon Brusselers (7 July 1933 – 20 May 2005) was a Dutch footballer. He played in four matches for the Netherlands national football team from 1955 to 1962. He was also named in Netherlands's squad for the qualification tournament for the 1958 FIFA World Cup. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Geert is a Dutch given name of Germanic origin, equivalent to the German Gerd and the English Gerry. The name is a condensed form of Gerard, itself a combination of the Germanic words \"ger\" (spear) and \"hard\" (strong or brave) meaning \"strong\" or \"brave with the spear\". The name's common female equivalent is Geertje. The pronunciation of the name varies slightly, depending on whether or not the speaker uses a variety of Dutch which distinguishes between the phonemes and . While speakers of most northern varieties of Dutch, which do not distinguish between the two phonemes, will pronounce the name as or , speakers of southern varieties will generally pronounce it as . Although Geert is a name in its own right, it is often the given name of persons who are formally called Gerard or Gerardus. The latter name refers usually to saints Gerard of Toul or Gerard Majella.",
"Belgian politician\nGeert Versnick (born 15 December 1956) is a Flemish liberal politician and member of Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats. He was a Member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives from 1994 until 2010. He has a degree in laws from the Ghent University. From 2006 to 2012 he was OCMW president and schepen (member of the municipal executive) in Ghent. Since 2012 he is deputy (member of the provincial executive) of East Flanders."
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popqa | 21042758-0361-4f84-b50b-3bf22dfa5bc1 | In what city was Grant Bramwell born? | Grant Bramwell | [
"Gisborne",
"Gisborne, New Zealand"
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"New Zealand sprint canoeist\nGrant Bramwell (born 28 January 1961 in Gisborne, New Zealand) is a sprint canoeist who competed in the 1980s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won a gold medal in the K-4 1000 m at Los Angeles in 1984 with Alan Thompson, Ian Ferguson and Paul MacDonald. Bramwell also won a K-1 10000 m bronze at the 1985 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mechelen. After retiring from top-level canoeing Bramwell was a selector for New Zealand canoeing in the 1990s.",
"Bramwell may refer to:\nTopics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"English judge (1808–1892)\nGeorge William Wilshere Bramwell, 1st Baron Bramwell, (12 June 1808 – 9 May 1892), was an English judge. Early years. He was the eldest son of George Bramwell (1773–1858), a partner in the banking firm of Dorrien, Magens, Dorrien, & Mello; his mother Harriet is said to have been a woman of great strength of character, who attained the age of 96. Bramwell was born on 12 June 1808 in Finch Lane, Cornhill. At 12 years old he was sent to the Palace school in Enfield, kept by Dr. George May, where he was the school-fellow of William Fry Channell, his contemporary on the home circuit and his colleague in the court of exchequer. On leaving school he became a clerk in his father's bank. In 1830, having married his first wife, Bramwell decided to enter the law, and became the pupil of Fitzroy Kelly. After practising for some years as a special pleader he was called to the bar by the Inner Temple in May 1838. He joined the home circuit, acquired a substantial junior practice, and built a good reputation. In 1850, Bramwell was appointed a member of the common law procedure commission, the other members being Chief Justice Jervis, Baron Martin, Sir A. Cockburn, and Mr. (afterwards Mr. Justice) Willes. The result was the Common Law Procedure Act, 1852.",
"In 1851 Bramwell was made a Q.C., and in 1853 he served on the commission whose inquiries resulted in the Companies Act, 1862. Silk and bench. In 1851 Lord Cranworth made Bramwell a Queen's counsel, and the Inner Temple elected him a bencher; he had ceased to be a member of Lincoln's Inn in 1841. In 1853 he served on the royal commission to inquire into the assimilation of the mercantile laws of Scotland and England and the law of partnership, which had as its result the Companies Act of 1862. It was he who, during the sitting of this commission, suggested the addition of the word limited to the title of companies that sought to limit their liability, in order to prevent the obvious danger to persons trading with them in ignorance of their limitation of liability. As a queen's counsel, Bramwell enjoyed a large and steadily increasing practice, and in 1856 he was knighted and raised to the bench as a Baron of the Exchequer. In 1867, with Mr. Justice Blackburn and Sir John Coleridge, he was made a member of the judicature commission. In 1871 he was one of the three judges who refused the seat on the judicial committee of the Privy Council to which Sir Robert Collier, in evasion of the spirit of the act creating the appointment, was appointed; and in 1876 he was raised to the court of appeal, where he sat until the autumn of 1881. As a judge, he was a great favourite of the Bar, due to his kindness and good humour, as well as his efficient dispatch of business. Retirement.",
"Upon his retirement, announced in the long vacation of 1881, twenty-six judges and a huge gathering of the bar entertained him at a banquet in the Inner Temple hall. In December of the same year, he was raised to the peerage, taking the title Baron Bramwell, of Hever in the County of Kent, from his home in Kent, a title that became extinct on his death. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society the same year. Private life. He was musical and fond of sports. He married twice: firstly in New York in 1830 to Jane (died 1836), daughter of Bruno Silva, a wealthy Portuguese-born businessman and his wife Charlotte Holling, by whom he had two daughters, Jane who lived until 1915, and Emma who died in infancy. He was married secondly in 1861 to Martha Sinden (died 1889). His younger brother, Sir Frederick Bramwell (1818–1903), was a well-known consulting engineer and expert witness. The judge once joked that witnesses could be divided into four categories: \"liars, damned liars, expert witnesses and, of course, there's brother Fred\". At all times Lord Bramwell had been fond of controversy and controversial writing, and he wrote constant letters to \"The Times\" over the signature B. (he also signed himself at different times Bramwell, G. B. and L. L.). He joined in 1882 the Liberty and Property Defence League, and some of his writings after that date took the form of pamphlets published by that society. References."
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popqa | e4d9a58e-bc7d-49d9-8710-f5dba507fa63 | In what city was Valentin Avrorin born? | Valentin Avrorin | [
"Tambov"
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"Valentin Aleksandrovich Avrorin (December 23 1907, Tambov - February 26 1977, Leningrad) was a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and an expert in languages. He was born in Tambov, Russian Empire to a family of teachers. He was outstanding in the sphere of Tungusic languages, and was one of the active creators of the Nanai written language. In 1925 Avrorin graduated from one of the Tambov schools. Biography. In 1930, graduated from the Faculty of History and Ethnology of the Saint Petersburg State University. In 1956, defended PhD in Philology. Professor, Department of General Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Novosibirsk State University, the first dean of the faculty. June 26, 1964 elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Avrorin Valentin Alexandrovich (Bibliography)",
"Yevgeny Nikolayevich Avrorin (Russian: Евгений Николаевич Aврорин, 11 July 1932– 9 January 2018), D.N, was a Russian physicist whose career was spent in the former Soviet program of nuclear weapons. Biography. Avrorin was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union (now Saint Petersburg in Russia), on 11 July 1932. In 1949, he went to study physics at the Leningrad University and later the University of Kharkiv in Ukraine. In 1952, his family return to Moscow and he went to attend the Moscow State University, and graduate with specialist degree in physics in 1954–55. In 1956, he began preparing his thesis based on RDS-37 studies and was awarded the Doktor Nauk (Russian PhD) on 7 March 1974. Avrorin was directed to KB-11 ('Design Bureau-11), now called All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF)) in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region. There he worked on the Soviet hydrogen bomb programme. In 1955, he joined the new NII-1011 (Research Institute-1011, presently the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics (RFNC-VNIITF)) at another closed city, Snezhinsk (or Chelyabinsk-70).",
"In 1956 and 1957, he performed unique experiments to find out why the RDS-37 exploded fractionally before modelled expectations, a result which implied a lack of knowledge of materials and conditions. During remainder of his career there, he became Head of the Theoretical Physics Department in 1964, the Head of Theoretical Physics Division in 1974 and the Scientific Director in 1985, a role he retained until 2007. From 1996 to 1998, he was also the overall Director. In addition to his work on many nuclear weapons, he was also known for investigating nuclear explosives for civilian usage (e.g. potentially for mining copper), device designs with very low radiation output and deuterium power engineering. He wrote about the modern challenges to the closed cities whose industries are (largely) no longer required since the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He became the chair of the Snezhinsk branch of the Russian Pugwash committee and was involved in international discussions about science diplomacy and confidence-building for international security. He died after a long illness.",
"Valentin Valentin is a 2015 French crime mystery film directed by Pascal Thomas and starring Marilou Berry, Vincent Rottiers and Marie Gillain. Plot. The beautiful and shy Valentin, with whom all the women fall in love, has much to do between his insatiable mistress, Claudia; her jealous husband, Freddy; his selfish and immature mother; alcoholic neighbor, Jane; the concierge Antonia; the three neighboring youths on the 5th Floor, Noor, Florence and especially Elodie; and a mysterious young Chinese Tiger Lily, held in slavery in the house opposite. There is a housewarming, with all the neighbors and friends of the neighborhood, triggering unexpected violence. Soon after, Valentin is found murdered in the nearby park under the bridge where he had to wait for Tiger Lily. Who committed the crime? Cast. <templatestyles src=\"Div col/styles.css\"/>\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Valentin is a male given name meaning \"strong, healthy, power, rule\". It comes from the Latin name \"Valentinus\", as in Saint Valentin. Commonly found in Argentina, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Italy, Romania, Russia, Scandinavia, Ukraine, Latin America and Spain. Valentin is also used as a surname in Spanish and German speaking-countries. See also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name."
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"doc_chunk": "Valentin Aleksandrovich Avrorin (December 23 1907, Tambov - February 26 1977, Leningrad) was a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and an expert in languages. He was born in Tambov, Russian Empire to a family of teachers. He was outstanding in the sphere of Tungusic languages, and was one of the active creators of the Nanai written language. In 1925 Avrorin graduated from one of the Tambov schools. Biography. In 1930, graduated from the Faculty of History and Ethnology of the Saint Petersburg State University. In 1956, defended PhD in Philology. Professor, Department of General Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Novosibirsk State University, the first dean of the faculty. June 26, 1964 elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\nExternal links. Avrorin Valentin Alexandrovich (Bibliography)",
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popqa | 8df3cb2f-c1fb-4a2d-860f-d8d80344b403 | In what city was Alfred Frank Hardiman born? | Alfred Frank Hardiman | [
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"English sculptor\nAlfred Frank Hardiman (21 May 1891 – 17 April 1949) was an English sculptor. He was born at 17 Orde Hall Street, London, the son of Alfred William Hardiman, silversmith, of Holborn, and his wife, Ada Myhill. Life. Hardiman won a London County Council Scholarship to the Royal College of Art in 1912, and three years later joined the Royal Academy School. After a period as an engineer's draughtsman in the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War, Hardiman resumed his studies and in 1920 was awarded the British Prix de Rome scholarship, spending two years at the British School at Rome. There he developed his style, a blend of naturalism and classicism influenced by Roman and Etruscan art and early fifth century Greek sculpture. Hardiman's best-known (but also most controversial) work is the Earl Haig Memorial on Whitehall in London. More universally admired are the heraldic lions flanking the main entrance to the City Hall, Norwich, a work which fully epitomises his style. He was appointed consultant sculptor to the building, having worked with one of the architects, Stephen Rowland Pierce, on the Haig Memorial. Hardiman also carved three large stone figures for the outside of the council chamber, and worked with other sculptors on the project including James Woodford and Eric Aumonier. Hardiman was elected Associate of the Royal Academy in 1936 and a full Academician in 1944. He became a fellow of the Royal Society of British Sculptors in 1938 and the following year received their silver medal for his statue of Haig.",
"In 1946 he won a gold medal for his bronze fountain figure for the New Council House, College Green, Bristol, which however was never erected. In 1918 he married Violet, daughter of Herbert Clifton White, of London, and had two daughters. He died at Stoke Poges 17 April 1949, aged 57. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Powered exoskeleton\nHardiman was the first attempt to build a practical powered exoskeleton, by General Electric between 1965 and 1971. The machine was intended to allow the wearer to lift loads of 1500 pounds (680 kg) with ease. The project was led by the engineer Ralph Mosher, who had previously worked on the Handyman. The project was not successful overall. Any attempt to use the full exoskeleton resulted in a violent uncontrolled motion, and as a result, the exoskeleton was never turned on with a person inside. Mosher wrote of these difficulties in designing a powerful machine functioning as an extension of the human body, noting that a machine lacking the ability to receive and interpret force feedback would be very likely to cause the machine to destroy whatever object it was interacting with in performing the task at hand. According to General Electric's Hardiman Project Report from 1969, \"When turned on power to operate the shoulder joint, the arm lurched and the elbow would not operate.\" Further research concentrated on one arm. Although it could lift its specified load of 750 pounds (340 kg), it weighed three quarters of a ton, just over twice the liftable load. Without getting all the components to work together the practical uses for the Hardiman project were limited. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"James Hardiman (February 1782 – 13 November 1855), also known as Séamus Ó hArgadáin, was a librarian at Queen's College, Galway and an important historian. Hardiman is best remembered for his \"History of the Town and County of Galway\" (1820) and \"Irish Minstrelsy\" (1831), one of the first published collections of Irish poetry and songs. The University of Galway (formerly Queen's College Galway) \nlibrary now bears his name. Hardiman Road in Drumcondra, Dublin is named after him. Biography. Hardiman was born in Westport, County Mayo, in the west of Ireland. His father owned a small estate in County Mayo. He was trained as a lawyer and became sub-commissioner of public records in Dublin Castle. He was an active member of the Royal Irish Academy, and collected and rescued many examples of Irish traditional music. In 1855, shortly after its foundation, Hardiman became librarian of Queen's College, Galway. Eponyms. The University of Galway (formerly Queen's College Galway) library was named in his honour. Hardiman Road in Drumcondra, Dublin is named after him. The Hardiman hotel in Galway is named after him. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English journalist, broadcaster and writer\nJack \"Peter\" Hardiman Scott (2 April 1920 – 15 September 1999) was an English journalist, broadcaster and writer. He served as the BBC's first political editor, from 1970 to 1975. During his time at the BBC, he reported on, and grew close to, four prime ministers: Harold Macmillan, Alec Douglas-Home, Harold Wilson and Edward Heath. Career. After working on various provincial newspapers, Hardiman Scott joined the BBC in 1950 as an assistant news editor in Birmingham. In 1954 he became a home affairs correspondent in London before being appointed to the new post of political correspondent in 1960. In 1962 he interviewed the leader of the Labour Party, Hugh Gaitskell, on the Cuban Missile Crisis. In 1970 he became the BBC's first political editor, a position he held until being succeeded by David Holmes in 1975. He then spent five years as Chief Assistant to the Director-General of the BBC before retiring in 1980 to his cottage in Suffolk. He was also the author of several detective thrillers and books of verse, including \"When the Words are Gone\" in the Phoenix Living Poets series, and was the president of the Suffolk Poetry Society from 1979 until his death. In the early 1980s he made substantial progress with a novel in which a left wing government was overthrown by an \"establishment\" \"coup\", but, after discussion with his publisher, abandoned this because of the striking similarities to Chris Mullin's \"A Very British Coup\" (1982). Personal life. Hardiman Scott was married twice and was survived by his second wife, Sue."
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popqa | d81ef840-2143-4c10-92cd-59da59ef7e7e | In what city was Baptiste Lecaplain born? | Baptiste Lecaplain | [
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"French comedian and actor (born 1985)\nBaptiste Lecaplain (born 23 May 1985 in Mortain) is a French comedian and actor. He does stand-up comedy and has appeared in some films. Early life. In 2004, he got his baccalauréat. After that, he was a youth leader at Levallois-Perret but he quit that job in 2006 in order to become a comedian. Career. In 2008, he started touring with his show \"Baptiste se tape l'affiche\", which is mostly autobiographical. From January to February 2013, he did a break in order to tour with Jérémy Ferrari and Arnaud Tsamere for \"La Tournée du Trio\" in all French Zéniths. After that he continued touring for his own show which ended in 2014. In 2012, he was part of \"Fidèles au poste ! \", as well as the movie \"Nous York\". In 2013, he was amongst the celebrities who appeared in a TV special of French TV Serie \"Scènes de ménages\". In 2014, he played the main role of French movie \"Libre et assoupi\", alongside Charlotte Le Bon and Félix Moati. He starred in a short film by Rémi Bezançon for the French road traffic safety. In October, he joined \"Les Grosses Têtes\". In 2015, he started a new tour with a show called \"Origines\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Baptiste may refer to:\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"Jean-Baptiste is a male French name, originating with Saint John the Baptist, and sometimes shortened to Baptiste. The name may refer to any of the following:\nSee also. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"French ice hockey player\nBaptiste Amar (born November 11, 1979) is a French former professional ice hockey defenceman who participated at the 2010 IIHF World Championship as a member of the France National men's ice hockey team. International. Amar was named to the France men's national ice hockey team for competition at the 2014 IIHF World Championship. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"1974 film\nMadame Baptiste is a 1974 French film directed by Claude Santelli. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 0958d079-fb71-4b6d-b193-a41d6f8fadf9 | In what city was Zsuzsanna Németh born? | Zsuzsanna Németh | [
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"Hungarian politician and economist\nLászlóné Németh or Zsuzsanna Németh (née \"Zsuzsanna Serényi\"; born 16 July 1953 in Budapest), Hungarian politician and economist, who served as Minister of National Development in Viktor Orbán's government between 23 December 2011 and 6 June 2014. She was nominated for the position after resignation of Tamás Fellegi in December 2011. Formerly she was the deputy chief executive and member of the board of directors of the Hungarian Development Bank (MFB). After her appointment, Németh became the only female minister in the current government. The opposition (Hungarian Socialist Party, Jobbik and Politics Can Be Different) strongly criticized her because Németh does not hold a degree from a higher education institute. It was probably with her in mind that the MFB changed its rules to allow people onto its board who although lacking a diploma have “at least ten years of relevant experience”, a source told the \"Origo.hu\". The other point, focused on the fact that “Lászlóné Németh” is her married name, which in English is the equivalent of “Mrs. László Németh”, but that it doesn't make clear what her actual first name is (later became known that her maiden name is Zsuzsanna Serényi).",
"According to \"Index.hu\", Németh is the third woman minister in Hungarian history to be known solely by her married name, as in previous cases a female minister either served using her maiden name, or the method by which her maiden name followed her husband's name.",
"Zsuzsanna is the Hungarian form of the feminine given name Susanna. Notable bearers. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name.",
"Németh is a Hungarian surname. In Hungarian, \"német\" means \"German\" (it is a variation of the word \"néma\", meaning \"does not speak\"; often used to describe the condition of being \"mute\". In this context, the German-speaking person \"does not speak\" the local language of Hungarian, or alternatively/previously/simultaneously, Slavic, as the word is thought to derive from a Slavic language); the \"h\" is a remnant of obsolete Hungarian spelling, as frequently found in names, especially in families of noble origin. Alternate spellings include \"Nemeth\", \"Neimeth\", \"Német\", \"Nemath\", \"Namath\", \"Nameth\", \"Nemet\" and \"Nimitz\". The name is common in Austria and Germany. It is an uncommon given name. People with the name or its variants include:\nAustria in Arabic. The official Arabic name for Austria is Al-Nemtsa (The Austria) derived from Ottoman Turkish Nemtsa, the name was more than likely transmitted into Arabic in the Ottoman era. Modern Turkish and Hungarian use Austria instead. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Németh.",
"Hungarian handball player (born 1976)\nZsuzsanna Veress (born 6 March 1976 in Békéscsaba) is a former Hungarian handball goalkeeper who most recently played for Békéscsabai Előre NKSE. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | d4323185-59dd-46dd-a20d-373cd8f746be | In what city was Joel Johnson born? | Joel Johnson (communications strategist) | [
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"Joel Johnson (born in 1961 in Elmore, Ohio) is a managing director of the Glover Park Group, a strategic communications firm, and former Senior Advisor for Policy and Communications to President Bill Clinton from 1999 to 2001. Johnson has also worked on the staff of former senators Tom Daschle and Howard Metzenbaum. In 2001, he co-founded The Harbour Group, a public relations company, before leaving to join John Kerry's presidential campaign. Johnson became a managing director of the Glover Park Group in 2005. Federal government. Johnson joined the staff of Ohio Senator Howard Metzenbaum in 1982, while a student at the University of Maryland. Starting in the mail room, he was later promoted to legislative assistant and then chief of staff. Johnson remained on Metzenbaum's staff until he retired from the Senate in 1994. In 1994, Johnson assumed the role of executive director of the Democratic Study Group, a legislative service organization in the House of Representatives. The following year, he became an assistant secretary on the staff of South Dakota Senator Tom Daschle. In 1996, Daschle named Johnson the staff director of the Senate Democratic Leadership Committee, specializing in policy and communications strategy. During Johnson's five-year tenure with Daschle, the \"Pittsburgh Post-Gazette\" reported that he was a key strategist behind the Democrats' efforts to positively frame their role in the 1995 government shutdown, and he worked on the Democratic Policy Committee as the staff director of leadership communications. He also oversaw the running of the Democratic Senate leadership's television studio, completed in 1996, in the Hart Senate Office Building.",
"Johnson joined the Clinton administration as a senior legislative advisor in May 1999, handling communications strategies and messaging coordination until Clinton left office in January 2001. Private sector. Following the end of Clinton's term in office in 2001, Johnson co-founded The Harbour Group, a public relations firm based in Washington, D.C. He held the role of managing director at the firm, which offers public affairs services including lobbying. At The Harbour Group, Johnson's clients included airlines as well as food processing and pharmaceutical companies. He took a leave of absence from The Harbour Group in 2004 to join the communications team of John Kerry's presidential campaign. In 2005, Johnson became a managing director of the Glover Park Group. He established the firm's government affairs practice, whose clients have included the Recording Industry Association of America, Nextel Communications, and Sodexho Alliance. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American political adviser and CEO (born 1975)\nJason Miller (born c. 1975) is an American communications strategist, political adviser and CEO, best known as the chief spokesman for the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign and transition of Donald Trump. He was a Senior Adviser to the Trump 2020 re-election campaign. From 2010 through 2016, Miller was a partner and executive vice-president at Jamestown Associates. He was initially announced as the incoming White House Communications Director during the presidential transition, though he withdrew shortly after amidst news of an extramarital relationship with a staffer who joined the 2016 campaign two months before the election. In 2017, he became a contributor on CNN, but left the position in 2018 amidst unsubstantiated allegations reported by Gizmodo including spiking an erotic dancer's drink with abortion medication. This claim was denied by both alleged participants under oath in federal court. In unsealed court documents from a defamation case Miller filed against Gizmodo, Miller admitted to hiring prostitutes and having extramarital affairs with two campaign staffers. In March 2021, he became a contributor for Newsmax. Miller left his position as Trump's spokesman in June 2021 to become the CEO of Gettr, a micro-blogging social network with a conservative user base. In 2023, Miller left Gettr to join Trump's 2024 presidential campaign. Early life. Miller was born and raised in Edmonds, Washington. He graduated from Edmonds-Woodway High School in 1993. His father was a welder, and his mother worked as a bookkeeper and receptionist.",
"Miller graduated from George Washington University, where he majored in political science, in 1997. Career. Politics. His first job in politics, from 1994 through 1997, was as a staff assistant to U.S. Senator Slade Gorton of Washington. After graduating from college, Miller moved to San Diego, California, where he spent most of the next year as coalitions director for businessman Darrell Issa who unsuccessfully sought the U.S. Senate nomination in the 1998 primary. Miller returned to the state in late-1999 to serve as Issa's political director in his successful 2000 campaign for California's 48th congressional district. In late 2000, Miller became campaign manager for Ric Keller, who won an open seat in the House of Representatives representing Florida with 50.8% of the vote. Miller went on to serve as Keller's chief of staff and to lead his successful re-election effort in 2002. Keller won with 65% of the vote. From July 2003 to July 2004, Miller managed Jack Ryan's campaign for U.S. Senate in Illinois. Under Miller's leadership, Ryan's campaign succeeded in winning a sharply contested race for the GOP nomination. Ryan's Democratic opponent was Barack Obama, then a state senator. However, Ryan chose to end his candidacy abruptly after a judge in California ordered the unsealing of the Republican candidate's custody file, over the objections of both parents, creating a public furor. Ryan was replaced as nominee by Maryland resident Alan Keyes, and Obama coasted to an easy election that November.",
"Miller then moved to Florida, where he served as political and communications consultant for the successful primary campaign of Mel Martínez for U.S. Senate, against several well-known contenders. He closed out 2004 doing press and voter-contact consulting in Tom Coburn's winning effort for the Senate from Oklahoma. In January 2005, Miller was hired to manage the re-election campaign of Virginia Senator George F. Allen, widely tapped as a leading contender for the 2008 Republican presidential nomination. In an amicable parting designed to help Allen's long-term national ambitions, Miller left Allen's re-election in November 2005 to helm the re-election effort of South Carolina Gov. Mark Sanford. Allen's presidential hopes were dashed afterwards, losing a close contest after several major gaffes, while Sanford cruised to a 55% re-election. After the campaign, Miller took a job with the State of South Carolina, doing strategic planning for the governor, also serving as Deputy Chief of Staff. National politics beckoned in April 2007, when Miller moved to New York and joined the Rudy Giuliani 2008 presidential campaign as Deputy Communications Director. Giuliani ended his campaign prior to Super Tuesday, after finishing third behind eventual nominee John McCain in the Florida primary. In 2008, Miller joined Denzenhall Associates, a D.C.-based public relations firm specializing in crisis communications, advising major corporations, trade associations, and prominent individuals. Jamestown Associates. Miller joined the New Jersey-based Jamestown Associates consulting firm in January 2010 as Partner and Executive Vice President, working closely on campaigns with Jamestown CEO Larry Weitzner."
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"doc_chunk": "Joel Johnson (born in 1961 in Elmore, Ohio) is a managing director of the Glover Park Group, a strategic communications firm, and former Senior Advisor for Policy and Communications to President Bill Clinton from 1999 to 2001. Johnson has also worked on the staff of former senators Tom Daschle and Howard Metzenbaum. In 2001, he co-founded The Harbour Group, a public relations company, before leaving to join John Kerry's presidential campaign. Johnson became a managing director of the Glover Park Group in 2005. Federal government. Johnson joined the staff of Ohio Senator Howard Metzenbaum in 1982, while a student at the University of Maryland. Starting in the mail room, he was later promoted to legislative assistant and then chief of staff. Johnson remained on Metzenbaum's staff until he retired from the Senate in 1994. In 1994, Johnson assumed the role of executive director of the Democratic Study Group, a legislative service organization in the House of Representatives. The following year, he became an assistant secretary on the staff of South Dakota Senator Tom Daschle. In 1996, Daschle named Johnson the staff director of the Senate Democratic Leadership Committee, specializing in policy and communications strategy. During Johnson's five-year tenure with Daschle, the \"Pittsburgh Post-Gazette\" reported that he was a key strategist behind the Democrats' efforts to positively frame their role in the 1995 government shutdown, and he worked on the Democratic Policy Committee as the staff director of leadership communications. He also oversaw the running of the Democratic Senate leadership's television studio, completed in 1996, in the Hart Senate Office Building.",
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popqa | cd3870e4-9c29-4f16-889a-4105c9909df4 | In what city was John Anderson born? | John Anderson (racing driver) | [
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"American racing driver\nJohn Anderson (April 20, 1944 – August 5, 1986) was an American stock car racing driver. He drove in the NASCAR Winston Cup Series between 1979 and 1983, posting a best finish of fifth. Career. Born April 20, 1944, in Warren, Michigan, Anderson first drove in racing competition at Flat Rock Speedway in 1965, winning the Michigan Figure 8 racing championship in 1967. He was the Automobile Racing Club of America (ARCA) Rookie-of-the-Year in 1968. During the late 1960s and 1970s Anderson was successful in competition, winning a number of track championships, along with several ARCA and American Speed Association races. He moved up to United States Auto Club (USAC) sprint car and midget car racing in 1977, and ran his first NASCAR race, in the modified series, at Charlotte Motor Speedway in the fall of that year, winning the pole for the event. In 1979 he made his first NASCAR Winston Cup Series start, scoring a fifth-place finish in his first race, at Michigan International Speedway. He ran the majority of the 1980 season for a number of teams, scoring two top-10 finishes; towards the end of the year he was hired by John Rebham to drive for his team; in 1981, driving an Oldsmobile, he was involved in an accident, in which his car got airborne and flipped over multiple times before landing upside down, during the UNO Twin 125 qualifying races for the Daytona 500. Shortly afterwards, Rebham, impatient for results and under pressure from his sponsors, fired Anderson, replacing him with Donnie Allison.",
"Anderson would only run a few additional races in the Winston Cup Series and Budweiser Late Model Sportsman Series before retiring. Anderson won over 200 races of various types during his racing career. He was killed in a road crash on Interstate 85 near Charlotte, North Carolina on August 5, 1986, being survived by his wife Mary Ann and two children. Anderson was inducted into the Michigan Motor Sports Hall of Fame in 2002. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"British motorcycle racer and racing driver (1931–1967)\nRobert Hugh Fearon Anderson (19 May 1931 – 14 August 1967) was a British Grand Prix motorcycle road racer and racing driver. He competed in Grand Prix motorcycle racing from 1958 to 1960 and in Formula One from 1963 to the 1967 seasons. He was also a two-time winner of the North West 200 race in Northern Ireland. Anderson was one of the last independent privateer drivers in Formula One before escalating costs made it impossible to compete without sponsorship. Racing career. Motorcycle racing. Anderson was born in Hendon in the north of London and later lived in Haynes, Bedfordshire. He trained as an agricultural engineer, though left after a year and got a job as a mechanic in a local machinery dealer. He began his motorcycle racing career in 1953 competing on a 500cc Triumph Special at Cadwell Park. By 1955 he was racing a Matchless G45 at circuits such as Crystal Palace and Castle Combe and placed 8th at the 1955 Senior Manx Grand Prix. Switching to a Norton in 1956, he finished second to Jimmy Buchan at the Senior Manx Grand Prix and won the 500cc North West 200. Anderson established himself as one of the top national competitors in 1957 with victories at Cadwell Park, Crystal Palace, Snetterton, Brands Hatch and won the 350cc North West 200. He finished second to world champion John Surtees at the 1958 Senior TT race at the Isle of Man, then considered the most prestigious motorcycle race on the world championship circuit.",
"Anderson began to compete in the Grand Prix world championships in 1958, scoring another second place result behind Geoff Duke at the 350cc Swedish Grand Prix. Switch to auto racing. At the end of 1960, Anderson sustained a back injury while racing in South Africa, which led him to switch to auto racing at the relatively late age of 29. In 1961 he drove a Lola in a Formula Junior race at Snetterton. He continued to race cars and eventually competed as a Team Lotus driver in the Formula Junior championship, winning a race at Autodrome de Montlhéry and finishing second at Monaco. He entered Formula One in 1963 with his own Lola Mk4 car, under the guise of DW Racing Enterprises, a small team compared to other private outfits such as Scuderia Filipinetti or Rob Walker Racing Team. DW was actually only composed of Anderson and a small team of mechanics. Despite this hindrance he took the flexible little Lola to victory in the non-Championship Rome Grand Prix in that first year. In later years he ran private Brabham cars under the same banner, with his best result a third place in the 1964 Austrian Grand Prix. He was awarded the Von Trips Memorial Trophy as the most successful private entrant of 1964. In 1967 he suffered an accident while testing at Silverstone, in which he slid off the track in wet conditions and hit a marshal's post. Anderson suffered serious chest and neck injuries and died later in Northampton General Hospital. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American racing driver (born 1991)\nJordan L. Anderson (born April 15, 1991) is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 32 Chevrolet Camaro for his team, Jordan Anderson Racing. Racing career. Anderson began racing in karts as an eight-year-old. He raced in Legends and Late model cars as his career developed. Anderson made one start in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East in 2013 along with two starts in the CARS X-1R Pro Cup Series and various Late Model races. He made an April 2014 start in the K&N Pro Series East at Richmond with the intention of running the full season, but his car owner began writing bad checks and the team was forced to close down. Anderson then sold one of his own personally-owned Super Late Models to pay off the debt of his former car owner to keep his name clear of any debts. As a rookie in the Camping World Truck Series, he drove the No. 50 Living Integrity Chevrolet Silverado for MAKE Motorsports in the second last race of 2014 at Phoenix, and then also competed for Mike Harmon Racing in the final race of 2014 season at Homestead-Miami. Anderson used his savings account to buy a truck to drive and qualify the Daytona race but failed to qualify. Anderson would continue driving for Harmon throughout the entire 2015 season finishing 19th in final driver points with a best finish of 13th at Michigan. Also during 2015, Anderson made his Xfinity Series debut for Harmon."
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popqa | d9839230-715a-44cd-98ee-4a440442d785 | In what city was Wayne Cooper born? | Wayne Cooper (basketball) | [
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"American basketball player (1956–2022)\nArtis Wayne Cooper (November 16, 1956 – April 11, 2022) was an American professional basketball player who played fourteen seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed \"Coop\", he played for the Golden State Warriors, Utah Jazz, Dallas Mavericks, Portland Trail Blazers, and Denver Nuggets from 1978 to 1992. He was the Denver Nuggets’ all-time leader in blocks when he left the franchise in 1989. After his playing career ended, he worked as an executive with the Trail Blazers and Sacramento Kings. Early life. Cooper was born in Milan, Georgia, on November 16, 1956. He attended Telfair County High School in his home county. He then studied at University of New Orleans (UNO) after being scouted by its associate coach, Don Smith, who described Cooper as a \"tall, skinny kid who could really shoot\". He played basketball for the New Orleans Privateers from 1974 and 1978. As a sophomore, he averaged 12.1 points per game (PPG) and a team-leading 9.4 rebounds per game (RPG), to go along with a .504 field goal percentage and a .723 free throw percentage. He then bettered his PPG to 13.2 and RPG to 10.1 the following year. During his senior year in 1977–78, Cooper recorded 18.1 PPG and 12.7 RPG as the Privateers won the Sun Belt tournament championship.",
"He also established school records of most consecutive games with double-digit rebounding totals (13) and most consecutive games with a double-double (11) that year. Cooper received two All-Sun Belt selections during his college career and was honored as Sun Belt Player of the Year as a senior. He was selected in the 2nd round of the 1978 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors. Career. Cooper made his NBA debut on October 14, 1978, scoring two points to go along with two rebounds against the . He played 65 games during his rookie season, averaging 4.6 PPG. After improving his PPG to 11.0 in the 1979–80 season and finishing ninth in offensive rebound percentage (12.1) in the NBA, he was traded to the Utah Jazz on September 11, 1980, in exchange for Bernard King. He was traded again less than a year later to the Dallas Mavericks, together with Allan Bristow, for Bill Robinzine. Cooper was subsequently traded for the third time in three seasons on June 28, 1982, to the Portland Trail Blazers in exchange for Kelvin Ransey. In the 1983 NBA playoffs, his first playoff appearance, Cooper played a key role in the Trail Blazers sweeping the Seattle SuperSonics in the first round by averaging 12 points, 10 rebounds, and 2 blocks a game in the series. However, the Trail Blazers ultimately lost in the semifinals to the Los Angeles Lakers. He was eventually traded with Fat Lever and Calvin Natt to the Denver Nuggets on June 7, 1984, in exchange for Kiki VanDeWeghe.",
"In his first season with the franchise, Cooper recorded the second-highest block percentage (5.4) in the NBA behind Mark Eaton, as well as fourth-most blocks (197) and fourth-highest blocks per game (2.5). During the 1985–86 season – arguably Cooper's best season as a professional – he started 78 games for the Nuggets and averaged 13.1 points, 7.8 rebounds, and 2.9 blocks per game. He finished third in the league in block percentage (5.9), fourth in blocks (227), and fourth in blocks per game. He also committed the third-highest number of personal fouls (315). Also that season, on December 11, 1985, he blocked a then-career-high 9 shots in a 134–95 win against the Los Angeles Clippers. He subsequently bettered that mark on December 30, 1988, when he blocked 10 shots in a 109–83 over the Miami Heat. He had the third-highest block percentage (6.4), sixth-most blocks (211), seventh-highest blocks per game (2.7), and tenth-highest total rebound percentage (17.1) in the league in 1988–89. Cooper became an unrestricted free agent at the end of that season, whereupon he returned to the Trail Blazers. He later appeared in the 1990 NBA Finals and 1992 NBA Finals, both with the Trail Blazers. The franchise lost to the Detroit Pistons and Chicago Bulls, respectively.",
"Throughout his NBA career, Cooper played in 984 games and scored a total of 7,777 points in the regular season. Later life. After retiring as a player at the end of the 1991–92 season, Cooper remained with the Trail Blazers and worked in its front office for two years. He subsequently became an assistant coach and director of basketball services of the Sacramento Kings in 1994. Two years later, he was promoted to vice president of basketball operations and served in that capacity until 2013.\nCooper was part of the inaugural class inducted into the University of New Orleans Hall of Fame in 1988. Four years later, he was enshrined in the Louisiana Association of Basketball Coaches Hall of Fame. He was named to the Sun Belt Conference's All-Time Men's Basketball Team in 1995. He was later inducted into the Greater New Orleans Sports Foundation Hall of Fame in 2000. Prior to the 2019–20 season, Cooper finished runner-up in voting by a panel of New Orleans basketball experts to determine the greatest basketball player in Privateers history. At the time of his death, he was ranked second all-time at UNO in double-doubles (44), third in career rebounds (920), and fifteenth in career points (1,209). Personal life. Cooper was married to Denise until his death. They had three daughters together. Cooper died on April 11, 2022. He was 65, and suffered from kidney disease prior to his death. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Wayne Cooper may refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name."
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"doc_chunk": "American basketball player (1956–2022)\nArtis Wayne Cooper (November 16, 1956 – April 11, 2022) was an American professional basketball player who played fourteen seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed \"Coop\", he played for the Golden State Warriors, Utah Jazz, Dallas Mavericks, Portland Trail Blazers, and Denver Nuggets from 1978 to 1992. He was the Denver Nuggets’ all-time leader in blocks when he left the franchise in 1989. After his playing career ended, he worked as an executive with the Trail Blazers and Sacramento Kings. Early life. Cooper was born in Milan, Georgia, on November 16, 1956. He attended Telfair County High School in his home county. He then studied at University of New Orleans (UNO) after being scouted by its associate coach, Don Smith, who described Cooper as a \"tall, skinny kid who could really shoot\". He played basketball for the New Orleans Privateers from 1974 and 1978. As a sophomore, he averaged 12.1 points per game (PPG) and a team-leading 9.4 rebounds per game (RPG), to go along with a .504 field goal percentage and a .723 free throw percentage. He then bettered his PPG to 13.2 and RPG to 10.1 the following year. During his senior year in 1977–78, Cooper recorded 18.1 PPG and 12.7 RPG as the Privateers won the Sun Belt tournament championship.",
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popqa | 481a41d0-64f2-491e-bcaf-47368a3125de | In what city was David Ogrin born? | David Ogrin | [
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"American professional golfer (born 1957)\nDavid Ogrin (born December 31, 1957) is an American professional golfer. Ogrin was born and grew up in Waukegan, Illinois. He graduated from Waukegan East High School in 1976, then attended Texas A&M University, graduating in 1980 with a degree in economics. In 1980, he won the Illinois Open and the Illinois State Amateur tournament, something not done again until 2017. He turned professional in 1980. Ogrin played on the PGA Tour from 1983 to 1999. In over 500 starts, he had 32 top-10 finishes including a win at the 1996 LaCantera Texas Open. He also played on the Nationwide Tour where his best finish was a T-3 at the 1993 NIKE Connecticut Open\nOgrin joined the Champions Tour in 2008. His best finish is a T-24 at the 2009 Dick's Sporting Goods Open. Ogrin is a big fan of the Chicago Cubs; his son Clark Addison Ogrin was named after two streets near the Cubs' baseball stadium. Ogrin and Tim Nugent, a golf course architect, designed High Meadow Ranch Golf Club, an 18-hole public course in Magnolia, Texas, that features three six-hole loops. Professional wins (6). PGA Tour wins (1). PGA Tour playoff record (0–2)\nPlayoff record. Asia Golf Circuit playoff record (0–1)\nResults in major championships. \"Note: Ogrin never played in The Open Championship.",
"\"<br>\n<templatestyles src=\"Legend/styles.css\" /> Top 10\n<templatestyles src=\"Legend/styles.css\" /> Did not play\nCUT = missed the half-way cut<br>\n\"T\" = tied",
"Miran Ogrin (1914–1985) was a Slovene journalist who worked for the \"Nedeljski dnevnik\" weekly newspaper. He travelled extensively and published a number of travelogues. His books are packed with factual information, but have been criticized for lacking a personal note. He won the Levstik Award in 1974 for his book on travelling the length of the Americas \"Od Kalifornije do Ognjene zemlje\" (From California to the Land of Fire). References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American football player (born 1958)\nPatrick John Ogrin (born February 10, 1958) is a former American football defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins. He also played for the no- defunct United States Football League (USFL) Denver Gold in 1983. He played college football at the University of Wyoming. Ogrin was signed by the Redskins as an undrafted free agent out of Wyoming in 1980. He spent the 1980 season on the injured reserve list with a knee injury. He was added to the active roster in November 1981 after the Redskins released Wilbur Young. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Slovenian landscape architect\nDušan Ogrin (14 November 1929 - 20 May 2019) was a Slovenian landscape architect who founded the study of landscape architecture in Slovenia and Croatia. He was professor emeritus at the University of Ljubljana. Early life and education. Ogrin was born on 14 November 1929 in Skopje, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (today Northern Macedonia). He graduated in 1955 with a degree in horticulture from the Faculty of Agronomy and Horticulture in Ljubljana, the predecessor of the Faculty of Biotechnology. Career. After graduating, he worked at the Volčji Potok Arboretum until 1957, when he began working as an assistant at the Faculty of Agronomy, Forestry and Veterinary Science. In 1960 he became a lecturer, in 1965 an assistant professor, in 1972 an associate professor and in 1986 a full professor. In 1960, he took over the Chair of Horticulture and Landscape Dendrology (1960) at the then Faculty of Biotechnology as a professor, and transformed it into the Department of Landscape Architecture with a completely new outlook on landscaping. He retired in November 2000 at the age of 70. The development of the field and study of landscape architecture. Professor Dušan Ogrin pioneered the field of landscaping. He paved the way for landscape architecture in Slovenia both in the field of education and in the field of practical professional work, and his theoretical thought also set milestones on a global scale. He placed landscape architecture, which is intertwined between nature and culture, firmly on the cultural side, professionally grounded and within a philosophical framework."
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"doc_chunk": "American professional golfer (born 1957)\nDavid Ogrin (born December 31, 1957) is an American professional golfer. Ogrin was born and grew up in Waukegan, Illinois. He graduated from Waukegan East High School in 1976, then attended Texas A&M University, graduating in 1980 with a degree in economics. In 1980, he won the Illinois Open and the Illinois State Amateur tournament, something not done again until 2017. He turned professional in 1980. Ogrin played on the PGA Tour from 1983 to 1999. In over 500 starts, he had 32 top-10 finishes including a win at the 1996 LaCantera Texas Open. He also played on the Nationwide Tour where his best finish was a T-3 at the 1993 NIKE Connecticut Open\nOgrin joined the Champions Tour in 2008. His best finish is a T-24 at the 2009 Dick's Sporting Goods Open. Ogrin is a big fan of the Chicago Cubs; his son Clark Addison Ogrin was named after two streets near the Cubs' baseball stadium. Ogrin and Tim Nugent, a golf course architect, designed High Meadow Ranch Golf Club, an 18-hole public course in Magnolia, Texas, that features three six-hole loops. Professional wins (6). PGA Tour wins (1). PGA Tour playoff record (0–2)\nPlayoff record. Asia Golf Circuit playoff record (0–1)\nResults in major championships. \"Note: Ogrin never played in The Open Championship.",
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popqa | 62997318-115d-477a-9412-5f8c1ffd011c | In what city was Amir Syamsuddin born? | Amir Syamsuddin | [
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"Macassar"
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"Amir Syamsuddin (born 27 May 1941) is Indonesia's former Minister of Justice and Human Rights. Biography. Amir was born in Makassar, Dutch East Indies, on 27 May 1941 to Andi Bulaeng Dg Nipati. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in law from the University of Indonesia in 1983, earned a doctorate from the same university. In 1983, Amir founded Amir Syamsuddin Law Offices and Partners. He later founded Acemark, an intellectual property firm. In 2003, Amir represented former Golkar chairman and Speaker of the People's Representative Council Akbar Tanjung when he was charged with corruption. Tanjung was eventually acquitted by the Supreme Court of Indonesia. He also represented the magazine \"Tempo\" when it was sued by Probosutedjo. By 2011 Amir was serving as secretary of the Democratic Party's ethics council. On 19 October 2011, Amir, then serving on the board of advisers to the Democratic Party, was selected as Minister of Justice and Human Rights of Indonesia, ceasing his legal practice. He replaced Patrialis Akbar amidst rumours of corruption in the justice system; Patrialis welcomed the appointment. Following his appointment, Amir stated that he intended to end the practice of giving convicted corruptors and terrorists cuts to their sentences. Reception. Teten Masduki of Transparency International Indonesia welcomed Amir's appointment, saying that he had \"made a good first impression\"; however, Masduki cautioned that Syamsuddin would have to follow through on his promises.",
"\"The Jakarta Post\" reported the former Justice and Human Rights Minister Yusril Ihza Mahendra as \"warning\" that ending sentence cuts for corruptors and terrorists \"might violate human rights and the principle of equal treatment for prisoners\". Personal life. Amir has seven children. He has cited lawyer Suardi Tasrif as an inspiration towards becoming a lawyer. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Refbegin/styles.css\" />",
"Syamsuddin is an Indonesian name. Notable people with the name include:\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"Sirajuddin Muhammad \"Din\" Syamsuddin (, born in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, ), is an Indonesian politician and formerly the Chairman of Muhammadiyah for two terms from 2005 to 2010 and 2010 to 2015. His wife was named Fira Beranata, and has 3 children. He was entrusted as the Chairman of the Indonesian Ulema Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI) Center, he previously served as Vice Chairman of the Indonesian Ulema Council replacing Center Dr (HC), KH. Sahal Mahfouz, who died on Friday, January 24, 2014. Career. As chairman of Muhammadiyah, he is often invited to attend a wide variety of international conferences with regard to the relationship between religion and peace. Most recently, for example, he was invited to the Vatican to give a public lecture about terrorism in the context of politics and ideology. He believes that terrorism is more relevant when associated with political issues than the issue of ideology. In line with that, he also was not happy when some Muslim groups used the label of Islam in performing terrorist actions. According to him, acts of terrorism in the name of Islam is very much detrimental to Muslims both at the internal level and Muslims on a global scale. Din Shams is seen as a leader of Muslims not only because he is the Chairman of Muhammadiyah, but even more so because of his ability to engage in dialogue with all elements of both faiths among Muslims, as well as with other religious communities.",
"Shamsuddin-Din was one of the passengers in Garuda Indonesia Flight 200 which crashed while landing in Yogyakarta in June 2007. He suffered minor injuries in the crash that killed 21 people. Being Chairman of the Indonesian Ulema Council Center. Official So Din Shamsuddin became new chairman of MUI. Din replaced Sahal Mahfouz who died on Friday, January 24, 2014. Decision on the replacement set MUI leadership meeting held on Tuesday, February 18, 2014. These results were talked about in a plenary meeting and made a decision as soon as possible. But the new chairman definitively applied per Tuesday, February 18, 2014."
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"doc_chunk": "Amir Syamsuddin (born 27 May 1941) is Indonesia's former Minister of Justice and Human Rights. Biography. Amir was born in Makassar, Dutch East Indies, on 27 May 1941 to Andi Bulaeng Dg Nipati. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in law from the University of Indonesia in 1983, earned a doctorate from the same university. In 1983, Amir founded Amir Syamsuddin Law Offices and Partners. He later founded Acemark, an intellectual property firm. In 2003, Amir represented former Golkar chairman and Speaker of the People's Representative Council Akbar Tanjung when he was charged with corruption. Tanjung was eventually acquitted by the Supreme Court of Indonesia. He also represented the magazine \"Tempo\" when it was sued by Probosutedjo. By 2011 Amir was serving as secretary of the Democratic Party's ethics council. On 19 October 2011, Amir, then serving on the board of advisers to the Democratic Party, was selected as Minister of Justice and Human Rights of Indonesia, ceasing his legal practice. He replaced Patrialis Akbar amidst rumours of corruption in the justice system; Patrialis welcomed the appointment. Following his appointment, Amir stated that he intended to end the practice of giving convicted corruptors and terrorists cuts to their sentences. Reception. Teten Masduki of Transparency International Indonesia welcomed Amir's appointment, saying that he had \"made a good first impression\"; however, Masduki cautioned that Syamsuddin would have to follow through on his promises.",
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popqa | 645d19b2-4da4-491c-a881-cff611a473c4 | In what city was Jürgen W. Falter born? | Jürgen W. Falter | [
"Heppenheim"
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"German political scientist\nJürgen Wilfried Falter (born 22 January 1944) is a German political scientist. His research interests include political extremism and xenophobia. Born in Heppenheim, Hesse, Falter enrolled with a political science and modern history major at the University of Heidelberg in 1963 before finishing his studies with a Diplom at the Free University of Berlin in 1968. He earned his doctoral degree in 1973 and his Habilitation in 1981, both from the Saarland University. In 1983 he accepted a chair at the Otto-Suhr-Institut in Berlin, a position he held until 1992. In 1993 he joined faculty at the University of Mainz. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Weekly news magazine published in Vienna, Austria\nFalter () is a weekly Austrian news magazine published in Vienna. History and profile. Established in 1977, \"Falter\" is published weekly on Wednesdays. The magazine was founded by Walter Martin Kienreich. The publisher is Falter Verlagsgesellschaft. The magazine has no political affiliation. Its headquarters is in Vienna. \"Falter\" reports from a broadly left-liberal perspective on politics, media, culture and the life in Vienna. Since Spring 2005 a local edition has also been published in Styria. The weekly has a science supplement, \"Heureka\", which is supported by the Austrian Ministry of Education and Science. The supplement features critical analyses of scientific activities, science policy, science/society relationships and university-based science and each issue focuses on a scientific topic, including genetics, science and politics among the others. It is distributed not only to the readers of \"Falter\" but also to university departments, the relevant ministries and other related institutions. In addition to its original role as a magazine of the arts and social life, \"Falter\" has also developed a reputation for investigative journalism. The 2007 circulation of \"Falter\" was 63,000 copies. In 2010 its circulation was 48,000 copies. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German politician (1949–2022)\nJürgen W. Heike (9 March 1949 – 15 March 2022) was a German politician. A member of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, he served in the Landtag of Bavaria from 1994 to 2018. He died in Neustadt bei Coburg on 15 March 2022, at the age of 73. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Czech professional ice hockey goaltender\nMartin Falter (born November 27, 1983) is a Czech professional ice hockey goaltender. He finished his active career in HC Kometa Brno. Currently he is a goaltender coach in HC Olomouc. Playing career. He played with HC Kladno in the Czech Extraliga during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season. In the 2011–12 Czech Extraliga season he played in HC Sparta Praha. On May 2, 2012, Falter signed a two-years contract with HC Kometa Brno. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American soldier\nVincent Eugene Falter (born 20 December 1932) is a retired major general in the United States Army. He served as Commanding General of the United States Army Military Personnel Center. He enlisted in the Army in May 1953 and was commissioned in May 1954 after graduating from Field Artillery Officer Candidate School. He later completed a B.Ed. degree in military science at the University of Nebraska Omaha in 1963 and earned a M.P.A. degree from Shippensburg State College. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | ed7e0ec2-bd87-4a5c-9cfb-7ec9202fb197 | In what city was Blair Bush born? | Blair Bush | [
"Fort Hood",
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"American football player (born 1956)\nBlair Walter Bush (born November 25, 1956) is an American former football center and long snapper who played 17 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for four teams. He played college football for the Washington Huskies. Early life and education. Bush was born in Fort Hood, Texas, on November 25, 1956. He played high school football at Palos Verdes in Palos Verdes Estates, California and college football for the University of Washington, where he was named to the 1977 All-Pacific-8 Conference football team and the 1977 College Football All-America Team. At the University of Washington, Bush was a member of the Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity. NFL career. Bush entered the National Football League in 1978. He played for the Cincinnati Bengals from 1978 to 1982, the Seattle Seahawks from 1983 to 1988, the Green Bay Packers from 1989 to 1991, and the Los Angeles Rams from 1992 to 1994. In January 1982, as a member of the Cincinnati Bengals, he played in Super Bowl XVI. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Secret US/UK memo relating to Iraq invasion (2003)\nThe Bush–Blair 2003 Iraq memo or Manning memo is a secret memo of a two-hour meeting between American President George W. Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair that took place on 31 January 2003 at the White House. The memo purportedly shows at that point, the administrations of Bush and Blair had already decided that the invasion of Iraq would take place two months later. The memo was written by Blair's chief foreign policy adviser, David Manning, who participated in the meeting. The memo has become controversial for its content, which includes discussing ways to provoke Saddam Hussein into a confrontation, with Bush floating the idea of painting a U-2 spyplane in United Nations (UN) colors and letting it fly low over Iraq to provoke Iraq into shooting it down, thus providing a pretext for the subsequent invasion. It also shows Bush and Blair were making a secret deal to carry out the invasion regardless of whether weapons of mass destruction were discovered by UN weapons inspectors, in direct contradiction to statements made by Blair to British Parliament afterwards that Saddam would be given a final chance to disarm. According to the memo, Bush is paraphrased as saying:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:Blockquote/styles.css\" />The start date for the military campaign was now pencilled in for 10 March. This was when the bombing would begin. Bush also said to Blair that he \"thought it unlikely that there would be internecine warfare between the different religious and ethnic groups\" in Iraq after the war.",
"Five pages long, and classified as \"extremely sensitive\", the existence of the memo was first alleged by Philippe Sands in his book \"Lawless World\" (2005). It was then obtained by American newspaper \"The New York Times\", which confirmed its authenticity. UK Liberal Democrat party leader Menzies Campbell said, with regard to the memo: \"If these allegations are accurate, the Prime Minister and President Bush were determined to go to war with or without a second UN resolution, and Britain was signed up to do so by the end of January 2003.\" References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Blair is a Scots-English-language name of Scottish Gaelic origin. The surname is derived from any of the numerous places in Scotland called \"Blair\", derived from the Scottish Gaelic \"blàr\", meaning \"plain\", \"meadow\" or \"field\", frequently a battlefield. The given name \"Blair\" is unisex and derived from the surname. Blair is generally a masculine name in Scotland and Canada, although it is more popular in the United States, where it is also a feminine name. A variant spelling of the given name is \"Blaire\". In 2016, in the United States, Blair was the 521st most popular name for girls born that year, and the 1807th most popular for boys. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Name listThis page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name.",
"A bush or shrub is a small or medium woody plant. Bush or Bushes may also refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title ."
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popqa | 95e2a997-c980-4a75-a5a4-08e5bc1d0174 | In what city was Spartaco Schergat born? | Spartaco Schergat | [
"Koper",
"Capodistria"
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"Spartaco Schergat (1920 in Koper – 1996 in Trieste) was an Italian military frogman during World War II. Biography. Schergat was born in Istria to an Italian irredentist. He voluntarily joined the \"Regia Marina\" in 1940. He was friends with Luigi Durand de la Penne, who enrolled him in the elite Decima MAS (XMAS). In 1941, during the Raid on Alexandria, Schergat severely damaged the British battleship , with a human torpedo. For this military action, he received the Italian gold medal in the Second World War. From 1943 until the end of the war, Schergat collaborated with the Allies, via the Royal Navy of the Badoglio government in southern Italy. In the 1950s, Schergat was elected as deputy of MSI, an Italian far-right party. In 1996 Spartaco Schergat died, after a long struggle with cancer, in Trieste. The attack on \"Queen Elizabeth\". As part of a team of divers of the X MAS he took part in the human torpedo attacks on British vessels in the Mediterranean. In December 1941, Schergat was one of a team of six (Luigi Durand de la Penne with Emilio Bianchi; Antonio Marceglia with Spartaco Schergat; Vincenzo Martellotta with Mario Marino) which attacked Alexandria harbour. They used the new Italian secret torpedo \"S.L.C.\" (\"Siluro Lenta Corsa\", also known as \"maiale\"), a small underwater assault vehicle with a crew of two.",
"As a result, four ships were damaged in Alexandria: the British battleships (by Marceglia and Schergat) and (by Martellotta and Marino), and the tanker \"Sagona\" with the destroyer . Spartaco Schergat personally placed the limpet mine under the hull of \"Queen Elizabeth\". However, the two capital ships were in shallow water, \"Queen Elizabeth\" settling on the sea bed, \"Valiant\" down by the bow, but both maintained the illusion from the air that they were undamaged. Temporary repairs were quickly effected; \"Queen Elizabeth\" was sent to the United States for permanent full repairs, \"Valiant\" to Durban, South Africa. Both ships were out of action for over one year. This represented a dramatic change of fortunes against the Allies from the strategic point of view in the central Mediterranean Sea during the next half-year or more. The Italian fleet - with the Alexandria Raid - had nominally achieved naval supremacy in the Mediterranean Sea, called in that year Italy's Mare Nostrum by fascist propaganda. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Spartaco Fontanot (born 17 January 1922 at Monfalcone, Italy, and died 21 February 1944, at Fort Mont-Valérien, France) was one of the members of the French resistance shot at Mont Valérien as a member of the Manouchian group. He was an Italian volunteer soldier in the French liberation army FTP-MOI. His name is one of the ten featured on the \"affiche rouge\", the propaganda poster displayed by the Germans during the trial of the 23 members of the Manouchian group. His photograph is also on the poster, with the caption \"Fontanot, Italian communist, 12 attacks\". Early years. Spartaco Fontanot was born on 17 January in Monfalcone, in the province of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. He arrived in France at the age of two, his antifascist parents having been obliged to leave Italy when Benito Mussolini came to power. After elementary school, he took classes at the technical college of Puteaux, which he left with a \"certificate of professional aptitude\" as a fitter, turner, and draftsman. His wish was to become an engineer, but his parents were not able to help him pursue his studies, and he started at a small factory as a turner. He still harbored the ambition to become an engineer by taking night classes at the \"École des Arts et Métiers\" in Paris. Second World War.",
"At the time of the German occupation in 1941, Fontano quickly devoted himself to the armed struggle, and, in 1942, he volunteered for the FTP's immigrant section in the Paris region, a part of the French forces of the interior (FFI). Unable to divide his efforts, he stopped taking night courses. In March 1943, the police came to arrest his father and sister. A wanted man, he was forced to quit his parental home. He took part in numerous attacks and sabotages against the occupying forces and against German officers, notably at Rueil, Place de la Concorde, and even bus stations. Of note are the assassination operations he undertook against , and against General von Schaumburg, the commandant of greater Paris. He also sabotaged many electricity pylons and was rated as an excellent shot. Because of his command experience as the head of an operational detachment under the command of Missak Manouchian, he was appointed lieutenant in the French Forces of the Interior, the FFI (Forces Françaises de l'Intérieur). Arrested in Paris by the police on 13 November 1943, Fontano did not give them any information. He was transferred to Fresnes prison and sentenced by the military court; his execution took place on 21 February 1944 at Mont Valérien along with 21 of his comrades. Spartaco Fontanot was one of three heroes in his family; Jacques Fontanot (18 years old) and Nérone Fontanot also gave their lives for the liberation of France.",
"Italian footballer\nSpartaco Landini (; 31 January 1944 – 16 April 2017) was an Italian football defender and later a manager. Club career. During his club career, Landini played for F.C. Internazionale Milano, U.S. Città di Palermo and S.S.C. Napoli in Serie A. International career. Landini earned 4 caps for the Italy national football team in 1966, and participated in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. After retirement. After he retired from playing football, Landini became one of Genoa C.F.C. 's directors. Personal life. Spartaco's brother, Fausto Landini, also played football professionally, as a forward. Spartaco Landini died in Genova on 16 April 2017 at the age of 73. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 5b8e3812-6ecb-40eb-9e40-a7fdf22db8e7 | In what city was H. Hugh Bancroft born? | H. Hugh Bancroft | [
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"British organist, choirmaster, and composer (1904–1988)\nHenry Hugh Bancroft (29 February 1904 – 11 September 1988) was a British organist, choirmaster, and composer who was organist of five cathedrals. He was born in Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire, and studied music with E. P. Guthrie and J. S. Robinson in nearby Grimsby. He attained the FRCO diploma in 1925. He was then organist of Old Clee parish church and was supplementing his modest income by playing in the local theatre and by working as a compass adjuster. Seeking better prospects, he left for Canada in 1929 to become organist of St. Matthew's Anglican Church in Winnipeg, Manitoba. In 1936 while at St. Matthew's, he earned an external BMus from Durham University. After nine years, he left for the Church of the Ascension in Hamilton, Ontario, but stayed there only nine months. In 1937, he was back in Winnipeg, at the downtown parish of All Saints, where he developed a men and boys choir of national renown and initiated choral evensongs on the model of the Church of England cathedrals. Also in Winnipeg, he met and married his wife Eldred Curle. From 1946 to 1948 he was organist of Christ Church Cathedral in Vancouver, British Columbia, director of the Vancouver Bach Choir, and an instructor at the British Columbia Institute of Music and Drama. He left Vancouver to become master of music at St. Andrew's Cathedral in Sydney, Australia, but in 1953 returned to All Saints in Winnipeg.",
"On a visit to Cambridge University on his way back from Australia, he experienced the annual Advent Carol service of King's College, and the next year introduced the tradition to Canada at All Saints' Church. He was briefly at Christ Church Cathedral in Nassau, Bahamas, before moving to All Saints' Cathedral in Edmonton, Alberta, in 1958, where he remained until his retirement in 1980. From 1968 to 1977 he also taught for the Department of Music of the University of Alberta in Edmonton. Bancroft was also known as a teacher, and instructed many students who went on to have careers as composers and organists, including Hugh McLean (organist), Barry Anderson, Barbara Pentland, Douglas Bodle, Elwyn Davies and Herbert Sadler. An active composer and arranger, Bancroft was an Associate Composer of the Canadian Music Centre and published numerous pieces, including anthems, motets, chorale and organ works. Several works were premiered by major symphony orchestras. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Hugh Bancroft may refer to:\nTopics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American lawyer and publisher\nHugh Bancroft (September 13, 1879 – October 17, 1933) was an American publisher and attorney who was the president of the Dow Jones & Company from 1928 to 1933. Early life. Bancroft was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts on September 13, 1879, to Mary (Shaw) and William Bancroft. He graduated from Harvard College at the age of 17 and earned a masters of arts degree in civil engineering from the Lawrence Scientific School the following year. He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1901. Bancroft was a member of Harvard's varsity crew for three years and coached the freshman crew in 1902. Military service. In 1894, despite being underage, Bancroft joined the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. In 1897 he was moved to the officer ranks and made a captain and engineer on the staff of his father, who commanded the 2nd Brigade. During the Spanish–American War he served as a lieutenant and adjutant in the 5th Massachusetts Infantry. On April 17, 1903, he was appointed lieutenant colonel and assistant adjutant general of the 2nd Brigade. In 1906, Governor Curtis Guild Jr. appointed Bancroft to his military staff as judge advocate general. He was forced to retire from the militia a year later due to typhoid fever. He was brevetted major general by Guild. Legal career. Bancroft was admitted to the bar in 1901 and formed a firm with Frederick W. Dallinger and Arthur P. Stone. They were later joined by Harry Stearns and Frederick W. Fosdick. Bancroft left the firm in 1905 and it dissolved three years later.",
"After the firm closed, Bancroft went into partnership with Fosdick, while Dallinger and Stearns started their own firm and Stone went into solo practice. Bancroft handled cases for the Boston Elevated Railway and the Cambridge Gaslight Company. In 1902, Bancroft became an assistant district attorney of Middlesex County, Massachusetts. He was part of the team that prosecuted Charles L. Tucker for the murder of Mabel Page. He resigned from the DA's office in 1906 to focus on his private practice and his duties as judge advocate general. In 1907, district attorney George A. Sanderson was made an associate justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court and Guild appointed Bancroft to succeed him. He did not seek a full term in office. In 1909, Bancroft was the court-appointed counsel for Mary Kelleher, who was charged with murdering her three children and sister-in-law. Bancroft found that the hair of all of the deceaseds' mattresses had been washed in arsenic and convinced John J. Higgins to drop the case. Boston Dock Board. In 1911, Governor Eugene Foss appointed Bancroft chairman of the board of directors of the Port of Boston, which would oversee the $9 million development of the port. Bancroft received a $15,000-a-year salary as chairman, which made him the second-highest paid state or federal government official in the United States behind only the Governor of New York. Under Bancroft's leadership, the state-of-the art Commonwealth Piers 5 and 6 were built and construction began on a new drydock facility that was to be the largest in the world."
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popqa | feda58e0-f7e3-4e79-bde8-d7cee59faaac | In what city was Heinrich August Jäschke born? | Heinrich August Jäschke | [
"Herrnhut"
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"Heinrich August Jäschke (17 May 1817 in Herrnhut – 24 September 1883) was a German Tibetologist missionary and Bible translator. From 1857 to 1868 he was missionary of the Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine (the Moravian Church or Moravian Brethren) in Kyelang, Lahaul District and Spiti in North India. Jäschke has been called \"the most distinguished linguist in the whole history of the Moravian Church\" by James Hutton in his \"A History of the Moravian Missions\" (1923). Early life and career. Heinrich August Jäschke was born on May 17, 1817, in Herrnhut, Germany. He attended Moravian schools, where he stood out for his remarkable gift for learning new languages. His ties to Moravian schools continued in adult life as he taught in various schools in Germany and Denmark. In 1847, he became co-director of the Moravian boarding schools in Niesky, Germany. The following year, he was ordained. Tibetan Mission. Jäschke's gift for language made him an ideal choice for the Moravian mission in Western Tibet. So in 1856 Jäschke joined two missionaries, Wilhelm Heyde and Eduard Pagel, in what is today northern India. Honours. In 1870, botanist Federico Kurtz named a genus of flowering plants from Central Asia (belonging to the family Gentianaceae), as \"Jaeschkea\" in his honour. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German diver\nMartina Jäschke (later Scheidewig then Fülle; born 6 May 1960) is a German diver and Olympic champion. She competed at the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow, where she received a gold medal in the 10 metre platform event. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"August Heinrich Matthiae (25 December 1769 – 6 January 1835) was a German classical scholar. Biography. He was born at Göttingen, and educated at the university. He then spent some years as a tutor in Amsterdam. In 1798 he returned to the Holy Roman Empire, and in 1802 was appointed director of the Friedrichsgymnasium at Altenburg, which post he held till his death. His biography was written by his son Constantin, with the title \"A. Matthiä in seinem Leben und Wirken\", etc. (1845). Works. Of his numerous important works the best-known are:\nFamily. His brother, Friedrich Christian Matthiae (1763–1822), rector of the Frankfurt gymnasium, published editions of Seneca's \"Letters\", Aratus, and Dionysius Periegetes. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"German mathematician\nHeinrich August Rothe (1773–1842) was a German mathematician, a professor of mathematics at Erlangen. He was a student of Carl Hindenburg and a member of Hindenburg's school of combinatorics. Biography. Rothe was born in 1773 in Dresden, and in 1793 became a docent at the University of Leipzig. He became an extraordinary professor at Leipzig in 1796, and in 1804 he moved to Erlangen as a full professor, taking over the chair formerly held by Karl Christian von Langsdorf. He died in 1842, and his position at Erlangen was in turn taken by Johann Wilhelm Pfaff, the brother of the more famous mathematician Johann Friedrich Pfaff. Research. The Rothe–Hagen identity, a summation formula for binomial coefficients, appeared in Rothe's 1793 thesis. It is named for him and for the later work of Johann Georg Hagen. The same thesis also included a formula for computing the Taylor series of an inverse function from the Taylor series for the function itself, related to the Lagrange inversion theorem. In the study of permutations, Rothe was the first to define the inverse of a permutation, in 1800.",
"He developed a technique for visualizing permutations now known as a Rothe diagram, a square table that has a dot in each cell (\"i\",\"j\") for which the permutation maps position \"i\" to position \"j\" and a cross in each cell (\"i\",\"j\") for which there is a dot later in row \"i\" and another dot later in column \"j\". Using Rothe diagrams, he showed that the number of inversions in a permutation is the same as in its inverse, for the inverse permutation has as its diagram the transpose of the original diagram, and the inversions of both permutations are marked by the crosses. Rothe used this fact to show that the determinant of a matrix is the same as the determinant of the transpose: if one expands a determinant as a polynomial, each term corresponds to a permutation, and the sign of the term is determined by the parity of its number of inversions. Since each term of the determinant of the transpose corresponds to a term of the original matrix with the inverse permutation and the same number of inversions, it has the same sign, and so the two determinants are also the same. In his 1800 work on permutations, Rothe also was the first to consider permutations that are involutions; that is, they are their own inverse, or equivalently they have symmetric Rothe diagrams."
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"doc_chunk": "Heinrich August Jäschke (17 May 1817 in Herrnhut – 24 September 1883) was a German Tibetologist missionary and Bible translator. From 1857 to 1868 he was missionary of the Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine (the Moravian Church or Moravian Brethren) in Kyelang, Lahaul District and Spiti in North India. Jäschke has been called \"the most distinguished linguist in the whole history of the Moravian Church\" by James Hutton in his \"A History of the Moravian Missions\" (1923). Early life and career. Heinrich August Jäschke was born on May 17, 1817, in Herrnhut, Germany. He attended Moravian schools, where he stood out for his remarkable gift for learning new languages. His ties to Moravian schools continued in adult life as he taught in various schools in Germany and Denmark. In 1847, he became co-director of the Moravian boarding schools in Niesky, Germany. The following year, he was ordained. Tibetan Mission. Jäschke's gift for language made him an ideal choice for the Moravian mission in Western Tibet. So in 1856 Jäschke joined two missionaries, Wilhelm Heyde and Eduard Pagel, in what is today northern India. Honours. In 1870, botanist Federico Kurtz named a genus of flowering plants from Central Asia (belonging to the family Gentianaceae), as \"Jaeschkea\" in his honour. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
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popqa | 0ce595d9-81b8-4a03-85fb-73b8de3add40 | In what city was Julia Jones born? | Julia Jones (conductor) | [
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"Droitwich Spa, Worcestershire",
"Droitwich"
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"British conductor\nJulia Jones (born 28 April 1961) is a British conductor. Biography. Jones was born in Droitwich Spa, Worcestershire, England. She grew up on the Isle of Man, and attended the Chetham's School of Music, where she studied piano, clarinet, and singing. She continued her music studies at the University of Bristol, in conducting, piano, clarinet, and harpsichord, completing her B.A. Honours degree in 1983. She later studied at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, where her teachers included Paul Hamburger and Gordon Black, and at the National Opera Studio. Her other conducting teachers included Moshe Atzmon, Miklós Erdélyi, Ferenc Nagy, and Erwin Acel. Jones moved to Germany in her 20s to take up a post as a repetiteur at the Oper Köln. She has also been a repetiteur at the Staatsoper Stuttgart. From 1991 to 1995, she was a \"kapellmeisterin\" and assistant to GMD Alicja Mounk at the Ulm Municipal Theatre. From 1995 to 1997, she held a first \"kapellmeisterin\" post at the Staatstheater Darmstadt. From 1998 to 2002, she was principal conductor of the Basel Theatre/Basel Opera. Her original contract in Basel was through the summer of 2003, but she resigned in 2002 with immediate effect after reports of disputes with the musicians of the Sinfonieorchester Basel.",
"In 2008, Jones became principal conductor of the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa at the Teatro Nacional de São Carlos, and held the post until 2011. Jones made her first guest conducting appearance at the Royal Opera, London, and her first professional guest conducting engagement in the UK, in January 2010, in the Covent Garden revival of \"Così fan tutte\". In April 2016, she was named the next General Music Director (\"Generalmusikdirektorin\") of the Wuppertal Symphony Orchestra (Sinfonieorchester Wuppertal), which also encompasses the music directorship of the Wuppertal Opera (\"Wuppertaler Bühnen\"). The first female conductor ever named to the Wuppertal posts, her initial contract was for 3 years, effective with the 2016–2017 season. In December 2020, Jones announced her intention to stand down from her posts in Wuppertal at the close of the 2020–2021 season. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American actress\nJulia Jones (born January 23, 1981) is an American actress. She may be best known for playing Leah Clearwater in \"The Twilight Saga\" film series and Angela Bishop in the television series \"\". Early life and education. Julia Jones was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Frank Jones and Penny Wells. She has a younger brother named Cody. She has stated that her mother is of English descent, and that her father \"is part Choctaw, Chickasaw, and African-American\". She was raised in the Jamaica Plain neighborhood of Boston, and frequented the first JP Licks ice cream store, which was close to her home. Jones studied at Boston Ballet School from the age of 4. She began working in commercials and local theatre when she was eight. In 1999, Jones graduated from Boston Latin School, the oldest public school in the United States. She subsequently attended Columbia University where she earned her bachelor's degree in English in 2005. Career. Jones has modeled in catalogues for Levi Strauss & Co., Gap Inc., Esprit Holdings, and L'Oréal. She appeared in Chuck Wicks's music video for \"Hold That Thought\". Jones appeared in a number of independent films before being cast in the Quentin Tarantino-produced biker remake \"Hell Ride\", which premiered at Sundance in 2008. She played Dr. Kaya Montoya on \"ER\" in its final two seasons. In 2009, she appeared in the Culture Clash play \"Palestine, New Mexico\", at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles.",
"In 2010, Jones was cast in \"Jonah Hex\" and in the last three installments of \"The Twilight Saga\". In 2015, she played the female lead opposite Adam Sandler in \"The Ridiculous 6\" and Gab on the Netflix series \"Longmire\". She guest starred on the 2019 Disney+ series \"The Mandalorian\" in the episode \"\". She portrayed Chafa, the first Choctaw, in the 2024 miniseries \"Echo\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Gareth Jones (born 1960) is a Welsh orchestral and choral conductor. He was born in South Wales and attended Glan Afan Comprehensive School, where he excelled at the piano. In 1990, he joined the Music Staff at Welsh National Opera, for which he has conducted a number of operas, making his WNO debut in 2004. In the United Kingdom he has appeared with the Scottish Chamber Orchestra, the Orchestra of Welsh National Opera, Royal Scottish National Orchestra, BBC National Orchestra of Wales, the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and the English Chamber Orchestra. In 1996, Jones formed Sinfonia Cymru, and remains its principal conductor. Jones also teaches prospective conductors and his teaching includes that of operatic conducting at the Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | 73f54f90-2d59-4c93-bbf8-d4ca27e179b5 | In what city was Gary Freear born? | Gary Freear | [
"King's Lynn",
"Lynn",
"Bishop's Lynn"
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"English cricketer\nGary David Freear (born 4 May 1982) is an English cricketer. Freear is a right-handed batsman. He was born in King's Lynn, Norfolk. Freear made his debut for Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club in the 2000 Minor Counties Championship against Suffolk. In 2001, he made his List A cricket debut against Somerset in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. He played three further List A matches for Cambridgeshire, the last coming against Northamptonshire in the 2004 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy. He played for Cambridgeshire until the end of the 2014 season. In his spare time Gary works as a carpenter for his family business. More recently he has founded GDF Bats and makes and sells cricket bats and other equipment to the buyers specifications. Gary for many years has been a groundsman at Wisbech Cricket Club, where he resided on the grounds in the ‘chod shack’. This was until he found his now wife Heidi Allen. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"English actress and comedienne\nLouisa Freear (26 November 1871 – 23 March 1939) was an English actress and comedienne. Biography. She was born in Lambeth, London, and was part of the Freear theatrical family; her parents were actor Henry Butler Freear and Mary Jane Freear (née Burke), a vocalist. Her brother Walter Freear was an actor, dancer and comedian, and brother Alfred worked as a musician. Described as \"vital and diminutive\", she performed the role Flo Honeydew in \"The Lady Slavey\" (1894) and Puck in Herbert Beerbohm Tree's lavish 1900 production of \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\". She was also a success in George Dance's comic opera, \"A Chinese Honeymoon\", in 1901. In 1912, she married Charles Shepherd. She died at her home London on 23 March 1939, and was buried at Brookwood Cemetery.",
"Gary may refer to: \n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title .",
"American astronomer\nGary Hug is an American amateur astronomer and a prolific discoverer of minor planets, who, along with Graham E. Bell, operates the Farpoint Observatory and Sandlot Observatory (H36) in Kansas, United States. He is the co-discoverer of comet 178P/Hug-Bell and was awarded twice a \"Gene Shoemaker NEO Grant\" for improved near-Earth object searches in 2009 and 2018, respectively. Hug also represents the \"Northeast Kansas Amateur Astronomer's League\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Canadian businessman and politician\nGary Masyk (born 1960) is a businessman and politician in Alberta, Canada. Born in High Prairie, Masyk owned Garco Oilfield Service and Masyk Lumber Company before entering politics. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta as a Progressive Conservative to represent Edmonton–Norwood in 2001. Masyk once attracted controversy when he advocated sending criminals to work in salt mines. Masyk is probably best known for his highly controversial comments that ran in an \"Edmonton\" Journal column on February 27, 2003; elaborating on his proposal to send repeat offenders to Russian salt mines, Masyk seemingly praised the hardline intimidation tactics employed in Soviet Union gulags during the Stalinist era. Appearing to disparage human rights, Masyk was forced by Premier Ralph Klein to issue an apology on the following day. On June 29, 2004, Masyk left the Tory caucus after Premier Klein's health care policies became an issue and, according to Masyk, a factor in the outcome of the 2004 federal election. Masyk blamed Klein for the federal Conservative Party's defeat, and joined the upstart Alberta Alliance. He became that party's first Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). However, it was more likely that Masyk's defection was an act of defiance to a party that chastised him and removed his seat from the Edmonton electoral map, making it difficult for Masyk to gain a new Conservative nomination. Before the 26th Alberta general election, the Edmonton Norwood electoral district was merged with Edmonton Highlands."
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popqa | 512ea79c-ce68-4e2b-9661-bfe81f12fcf4 | In what city was Thomas Seaton Scott born? | Thomas Seaton Scott | [
"Birkenhead"
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"Canadian architect\nThomas Seaton Scott (16 August 1826 – 15 or 16 June 1895) was an English-born Canadian architect. Born in Birkenhead, England he immigrated to Canada as a young man first settling in Montreal. He was hired by the Grand Trunk Railway and worked for them on a number of structures including the Union Station in Toronto and Bonaventure Station in Montreal. In 1871 he was hired by the Department of Public Works and he designed a number of Ottawa's new government buildings in the years after Canadian Confederation. Among his works are the West Block of the Parliament of Canada, the Cartier Square Drill Hall, and the now demolished Dominion Post Office. From 1872 to 1881 he held the position of Chief Dominion Architect and thus played at least a supervisory role in all major government projects. He is considered one of the creators of the \"Dominion Style\" that dominated Canadian institutional architecture in the nineteenth century. He was a founding member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts He was succeeded as Chief Architect by Thomas Fuller. Works. Other buildings designed by Scott include:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"The Reverend Thomas Seaton (baptised 2 October 1684, Stamford, Lincolnshire, died 18 August 1741 at Ravenstone, Buckinghamshire), was a Church of England clergyman and religious writer. Seaton died unmarried in 1741 at Ravenstone and is buried there. <templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nEducation. He was educated at Stamford School and Clare College, Cambridge, graduating a BA in 1705 and a MA in 1708. Career. Seaton was elected a fellow of Clare College in 1706 and continued as a Fellow until 1721. He was ordained as a deacon in 1707 and priest of the Church of England in 1709. He became chaplain to Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham. In 1713, he gained the vicarage of Madingley, Cambridgeshire, and in 1721 the city of Nottingham gave him the vicarage of Ravenstone in Buckinghamshire, which enabled him to give up his college fellowship with which he retained until his death. In one of his works, \"The Conduct of Servants in Great Families\" (1720), he advised employers to oversee the moral conduct of their servants. The Seatonian Prize. On his death, Seaton left his estate at Kislingbury, Northamptonshire, to the University of Cambridge, with the object of funding an annual poetry prize for a poem in English on the nature of God or on another sacred subject, the judges to be the university's Vice-chancellor, the Professor of Greek, and the Master of Clare College.",
"The Seatonian Prize has been awarded annually since 1750, apart from the years 1766, 1769, and 1771. \"Musae Seatonianæ\" includes most of the prize poems. George Gordon, Lord Byron, another Cambridge graduate, refers to recipients of the celebrated university prize as \"Seaton's sons\" in his poem \"English Bards and Scotch Reviewers\" (1809). Publications. Seaton wrote several works, which included:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n*Thompson Cooper, 'Thomas Seaton (1684–1741), Church of England clergyman and religious writer', revised by S. J. Skedd, in \"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography\" (OUP, Oxford, 2004)\n*William Camden's \"Britannia\", new ed. by Richard Gough in three volumes (1789), volume 2, page 177",
"Thomas Seaton Forman (1791 – 30 December 1850) was a British Conservative politician. Forman was the son of William Forman (baptised 1767 and died in 1829), and Mary née Seaton. Encouraged by his involvement in his family's iron trade, Forman was elected Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Bridgwater at the 1841 general election and held the seat until 1847 when he did not seek re-election. Over the years, he used his inherited wealth to indulge in collecting antiques and objets d'art, before his death in 1850 in Pisa, Italy. He left behind a widow, Elizabeth née Moore, but no children, with the majority of the family wealth being passed to his unmarried brother, William Henry Forman. In 1849, Forman purchased Pippbrook House in Dorking, Surrey. When he died (just over a year later), the property was inherited by his brother, William Henry Forman. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Seaton can refer to:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nSee also. Topics referred to by the same term\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n This page lists associated with the title ."
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popqa | 425fff84-549b-4657-a769-743aa56b3f75 | In what city was Alfredo Ramos Martínez born? | Alfredo Ramos Martínez | [
"Monterrey",
"Monterrey, Nuevo Leon",
"Monterrey, Mexico",
"La sultana del norte",
"La ciudad de las montañas"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21538317 | 1 | {
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"Mexican artist\nAlfredo Ramos Martínez (November 12, 1871 – November 8, 1946) was a painter, muralist, and educator, who lived and worked in Mexico, Paris, and Los Angeles. Considered by many to be the 'Father of Mexican Modernism', Ramos Martínez is best known for his serene and empathetic paintings of traditional Mexican people and scenes. As the renowned Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío wrote, \"Ramos Martínez is one of those who paints poems; he does not copy, he interprets; he understands how to express the sorrow of the fisherman and the melancholy of the village.\" Early years 1880-1900. Ramos Martínez was born in 1871 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, the ninth child of Jacobo Ramos and his wife Luisa Martínez. His father was a successful merchant trading in jewelry, fine fabrics, silver, embroidered suits and hand-woven sarapes from Saltillo. All members of the Ramos Martínez family were involved with their father's business and it was expected that the artist, too, would one day join the ranks of \"honorable merchant\". However, Ramos Martínez's evident talent and instincts propelled him towards a career in the arts; a choice that his family ultimately supported. At the age of nine, one of Ramos Martínez's drawings, a portrait of the governor of Monterrey was sent to an exhibition in San Antonio, Texas, and won first prize. A portion of that prize included a scholarship to study at the most prestigious art school in all of Mexico, the Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes (Academy of Fine Arts) in Mexico City.",
"Thus the entire Ramos Martínez family relocated to Coyoacán, a small town on the outskirts of Mexico City. From an early age Ramos Martínez was recognized as prodigiously talented. As a student, his preferred medium was watercolor and he won numerous awards for his achievements. Though he found the teaching methods at the Academy repressive and counter-intuitive to his more emotional plein air impulses, Ramos Martínez created a significant body of work that he was able to sell while still a student. Gratifying as his youthful accomplishments were, the news from France, and the examples of the brilliance of the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, persuaded the young painter that he needed to be in Europe to continue his education and define his career. Though his family was by no means poor, they did not have funds to support Ramos Martínez's European dream. In a supreme bit of good fortune, Phoebe Hearst attended a dinner in Mexico City for the President of Mexico, Porfirio Díaz, which featured place mats designed and painted by the young Ramos Martínez. Hearst was so impressed with the decoration that she asked to meet the artist and see other examples of his work. After their meeting, she not only bought all of Ramos Martínez's watercolors, but agreed to provide financial support for the artist's continued study in Paris. Paris 1901-1910. Ramos Martínez's arrival in Paris in 1900 coincided with further development of the Post-Impressionist movement.",
"He was able to see firsthand the work of Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Henri Matisse, Claude Monet, Georges Seurat and Odilon Redon. Furthermore, Hearst's monthly stipend of 500 francs, combined with Ramos Martínez's fluent French, afforded him a comfortable lifestyle and the ability to travel throughout Europe. While in Paris, Ramos Martínez attended various artistic and literary salons and made the acquaintance of the modernist Nicaraguan poet, Rubén Darío. Darío and Ramos Martínez became close friends, thus insuring Ramos Martínez 's inclusion in a circle of rather extraordinary \"bon vivants\" such as Isadora Duncan, Paul Verlaine, Eleonora Duse, Rémy de Gourmont and Anna Pavlova. Darío wrote at length about the painterly and literary ideas that defined the creative output of both artists during those years. The two sojourned to Belgium and Holland to study the works of Rembrandt and Van Gogh. The artist's works from this period are strongly influenced by the somber tonalities of the Dutch sky and sea. Also, it was in Brittany, that Ramos Martínez began painting and drawing on newspapers, a material/medium he used to superb effect during his years in California. When the artist discovered he had run out of drawing paper, he asked the concierge at the inn where he was staying during a holiday weekend if he had any paper suitable for drawing. The gentleman offered him discarded newspapers in abundance.",
"In 1905, Ramos Martínez began participating in the yearly Salon d'Automne in Paris, perhaps the most important of all the salons of that era. Within a year of his first showing there, his painting \"Le Printemps\" was awarded the Gold medal. However, after this great acknowledgment, Hearst decided she would no longer give him his monthly stipend and Ramos Martínez began the struggle of earning his living as an artist. Ramos Martínez showed at a number of galleries in Paris. One of the leading art critics of the day, Camille Mauclair wrote that the work of Ramos Martínez was in the same class as the finest Impressionist landscapes exhibited in Paris. Though sales of his artwork were proceeding, and Ramos Martínez had achieved a degree of comfort as a 'Parisian', in 1909 he felt a strong desire to return home to Mexico. Mexico 1910-1929. By the time Ramos Martínez arrived in early 1910, Mexico was a nation in turmoil. The Mexican Revolution was beginning in earnest and the 30-year rule of President Porfirio Díaz was on the verge of collapse due to the pressure of the political reforms of Francisco I. Madero. Within a year of the President's resignation in 1911, the art students at the National Academy called a strike in order to protest the 'aesthetic dictatorship' of the Academy. They demanded the establishment of a 'Free Academy' and proposed Ramos Martínez as director.",
"Hailed as a distinguished alumnus, a bona fide European success, and sympathetic to the students' cause, Ramos Martínez became first the assistant Director and, by 1913, the Director of the Academy. Now, as Director, he was able to open the first of his Open Air Schools of Painting. With the example of the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists in mind and fortified by his sense of the primacy of the artist's personal vision, Ramos Martínez's Open Air Schools redefined the nature of artistic instruction in Mexico. The first school was established in the Santa Anita Iztapalapa borough of Mexico City with an initial class of 10 students, including David Alfaro Siqueiros and Federico Cantú, who would later become successful artists in their own right. By 1914, Ramos Martínez stepped down as Director of the Academy but opened another Open Air School in Coyoacán. That same year, his students' work was featured in the \"Exhibition of Works from Public and Art Schools\" at the Spanish Pavilion and met with extremely favorable response. The political situation in Mexico remained extremely volatile for the next decade and by 1920 Ramos Martínez was reinstated as Director of the Academy. Despite all the politics, the Open Air Schools flourished and Ramos Martínez was acknowledged as a true innovator in the Mexican art world and frequently called the 'Father of Modern Mexican Art'. To quote Ramón Alva de la Canal in \"Los acaparadores de murales\", \"...the true force behind contemporary Mexican painting wasn't Diego Rivera; it was Alfredo Ramos Martínez.\""
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popqa | 02d06b89-b291-474b-b040-673e431008a3 | In what city was Andrew Carnie born? | Andrew Carnie | [
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"American daytime talk show\nCarnie! (also spelled without an exclamation mark as Carnie and also referred as The Carnie Wilson Show) is an American daytime talk show hosted by Carnie Wilson that aired for one season from 1995 until 1996. The program was a production of Telepictures Productions, distributed by Warner Bros. Domestic Television Distribution. \"Carnie!\" premiered on September 4, 1995, and was one of several talk shows with first time hosts that premiered that fall. Although Wilson drew higher ratings than all of the newcomers, like them the show did not do well enough to last and \"Carnie!\" was cancelled at midseason. New episodes aired until February 23, 1996, with reruns following until June 7. In most of its markets, \"Carnie!\" was replaced by \"The Rosie O'Donnell Show\". Former \"Cosmopolitan\" Bachelor-of-the-Month Chris Greeley was a guest on the television pilot. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American football player and coach (1911–1979)\nCarnie Henry Smith (January 29, 1911 – January 25, 1979) was an American college football player and coach. Smith was the seventh head football coach at Pittsburg State University in Pittsburg, Kansas. He held that position for 18 seasons, from 1949 until 1966, compiling a record of 116–52–6. His teams won NAIA football national championships in 1957 and 1961. The football stadium at Pittsburg State, Carnie Smith Stadium, is named in his honor. Smith starred as a quarterback at Arma High School in Arma, Kansas, and then played football and baseball at the University of Kansas. In 1944, Smith was working as assistant director of recreation at a Pratt & Whitney plant before he was commissioned as a lieutenant in the United States Naval Reserve. After serving in the Navy during World War II, he coached football and basketball at Parsons Junior College—now known as Labette Community College—in Parsons, Kansas. Smith went to the University of California, Berkeley in 1947, where he served as a graduate assistant for the football team under Pappy Waldorf and earned a master's degree in physical education. In 1948, he was hired as the head football coach at Santa Rosa Junior College in Santa Rosa, California. Smith died on January 25, 1979, at his home in Pittsburg, following a long illness. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"American singer (born 1968)\nCarnie Wilson (born April 29, 1968) is an American singer, songwriter, and television personality. She is the daughter of Brian Wilson and in 1989 co-founded the pop music trio Wilson Phillips with her younger sister Wendy. From 1995 onwards, she has also been a host or guest star on a variety of television shows. Early life and musical career. Carnie Wilson was born in Los Angeles on April 29, 1968, the daughter of Brian Wilson of The Beach Boys and of his first wife, former singer Marilyn Rovell of The Honeys. Her mother is of Jewish heritage, while her father is of Dutch, Scottish, English, German, Irish, and Swedish ancestry. She co-founded Wilson Phillips with her younger sister Wendy and childhood friend Chynna Phillips in 1989. They released two albums, \"Wilson Phillips\" and \"Shadows and Light\", which between them sold twelve million copies. The group also charted three No. 1 singles and six top 20 hits in the United States before disbanding in 1993. Carnie & Wendy Wilson continued to record together, releasing the Christmas album \"Hey Santa!\" in 1993. They joined with their father for the 1997 album \"The Wilsons\". Carnie also sang \"Our Time Has Come\" with James Ingram for the 1997 animated film \"Cats Don't Dance\". In 2003, Carnie attempted to launch a solo music career with the album \"For the First Time\".",
"The record featured a remake of the Olivia DiNucci-penned Samantha Mumba ballad \"Don't Need You To (Tell Me I'm Pretty)\", retitled \"I Don't Need You To\", as its first single. However, the single failed to gain interest and the album was ultimately shelved when Carnie regrouped with Wendy and Chynna as Wilson Phillips in 2004. Reunited, the band released a third album, named \"California\", which appeared on Sony Music's record label. The album featured cover songs, primarily from the 1960s and 1970s, and specifically highlighted the glory days of their parents' California-based musical groups: The Mamas & the Papas and the Beach Boys. In 2006, Carnie released an album of lullabies, \"A Mother's Gift: Lullabies from the Heart\", created shortly after the birth of her daughter, Lola. She released her second solo effort in October 2007, a Christmas album entitled \"Christmas with Carnie\", featuring a song written by her husband, \"Warm Lovin' Christmastime\". Television career. From 1995 to 1996, Carnie hosted her own short-lived syndicated television talk show, \"Carnie!\" The series was launched during the mid-1990s wave of popularity in \"tabloid\" talk shows, which followed the sudden successes of Ricki Lake and Jerry Springer. Former \" Cosmopolitan\" magazine's Bachelor-of-the-Month Chris Greeley was a guest on the television pilot. Wilson found the experience a disappointment and a source of professional and personal frustration."
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popqa | 3951ea90-2801-4af2-829b-8553243acbef | In what city was Julee Cruise born? | Julee Cruise | [
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"American singer (1956–2022)\nJulee Ann Cruise (December 1, 1956 – June 9, 2022) was an American singer and actress, known for her collaborations with composer Angelo Badalamenti and film director David Lynch in the late 1980s and early 1990s. She released four albums beginning with 1989's \"Floating into the Night\". Cruise is best known for her 1989 single \"Falling\"; an instrumental version was used as the theme song for the television series \"Twin Peaks\" in which she appeared in a recurring role as a roadhouse singer. She reprised the role in the 1992 movie \"\" (which also featured her music), and in the 2017 revival series \"Twin Peaks: The Return\". She was also featured in Lynch and Badalamenti's avant-garde 1990 theater production \"Industrial Symphony No. 1,\" which was filmed and released on home media. Other notable singles included \"Rockin' Back Inside My Heart\" (1990) and \"If I Survive\" (1999) by the band Hybrid, which featured her vocals. In the 1990s, she was a touring member of the B-52's, filling in for Cindy Wilson. Cruise was also a stage actress and appeared in the off-Broadway musicals \"Return to the Forbidden Planet\" and \"Radiant Baby\" in 2004. Her final album, \"My Secret Life\", was released in 2011. Early life. Born in Creston, Iowa, Julee Ann Cruise was the daughter of John Cruise, the town dentist, and Wilma Cruise, who was his office manager.",
"She studied French horn at Drake University and performed as a singer and actress in Minneapolis with the Children's Theater Company (notably in the role of Jinjur in stage adaptations of L. Frank Baum's \"Oz\" books). She moved to New York and played Janis Joplin in a revue called \"Beehive\", while also working with Angelo Badalamenti. Career. Collaborations with Badalamenti and Lynch. In 1985, Badalamenti was composing the score for David Lynch's \"Blue Velvet\", as well as serving as the vocal coach for the film's star, Isabella Rossellini. A key scene in \"Blue Velvet\" was intended to feature This Mortal Coil's version of \"Song to the Siren\" by Tim Buckley, with lead vocal by Elizabeth Fraser. When it proved prohibitively expensive to obtain rights to use the song, it was suggested that Badalamenti compose a pop song in the same style, with lyrics written by Lynch. Because the song required a vocalist with a haunting, ethereal voice, Badalamenti recommended Cruise, who had sung in a New York theater workshop Badalamenti had produced. The result of their initial collaboration was \"Mysteries of Love\", which figures prominently in \"Blue Velvet\"'s closing scenes and gained a cult following. Badalamenti and Lynch went on to write and produce additional songs for Cruise, most of which were featured in her debut album, \"Floating into the Night\" (1989).",
"The album was released on September 12, 1989, by Warner Bros. Records, and charted on \"Billboard\" the following year. It also provided musical material for Lynch's \"Industrial Symphony No. 1\", in which Cruise performed while \"floating\" from a harness dozens of feet above a stage at the Brooklyn Academy of Music. The second, more significant project was the soundtrack to Lynch's \"Twin Peaks\", for which Badalamenti composed the original score. The song \"Falling\", which became the orchestral theme for the television series, caused a minor sensation, winning a Grammy at the 33rd Annual Grammy Awards in 1991 for Best Pop Instrumental. The \"Twin Peaks\" soundtrack, featuring Cruise on the songs \"Into the Night\" and \"The Nightingale\" as well as on the vocal version of \"Falling\", eventually went gold (500,000+ copies) in the U.S., a rare feat for a television soundtrack. Cruise made a number of appearances on \"Twin Peaks\" as a singer at a local bar, and was prominently featured in both the show's landmark pilot episode and the episode where Laura Palmer's murderer is revealed, as well as in 1992's \"\". \"Rockin' Back Inside My Heart\", the second single from \"Floating into the Night\", was released in 1990 and was also featured in an episode of \"Twin Peaks\" along with \"The World Spins\"; in the episode, several of the main female characters are shown lip-synching to \"Rockin' Back Inside My Heart\".",
"Cruise reinterpreted and sang the theme song for an episode of the USA Network show \"Psych\". The episode, \"Dual Spires\", was about a secluded town full of secrets and skeletons while they investigate the murder of a girl. It aired 20 years to the day after Laura Palmer's murderer was revealed. Cruise appeared on \"Saturday Night Live\" on May 12, 1990, filling in along with Spanic Boys on short notice when scheduled performer Sinéad O'Connor refused to appear on the same show as guest host Andrew Dice Clay. Cruise performed \"Falling\". The following year, Cruise recorded a Lynch- and Badalamenti-produced cover of the Elvis Presley song \"Summer Kisses, Winter Tears\" for the soundtrack of Wim Wenders's \"Until the End of the World\". Afterward, Cruise maintained a relatively low profile until her second album, \"The Voice of Love\", was released in 1993. An instrumental version of \"She Would Die for Love\" was used as the main theme for the movie \"Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me.\" \"She Would Die for Love\" was also covered by alternative metal band Fantômas on their \"The Director's Cut\" album as \"Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me\". Cruise's early collaborations with Angelo Badalamenti and David Lynch were closely related to Lynch's film work, which was reflected in the lyrics.",
"For example, \"Into the Night\" begins with the whispered words \"Now it's dark\", a line which was repeatedly spoken by Frank Booth, Dennis Hopper's character, in \"Blue Velvet\". Lynch also photographed Cruise for the liner notes of \"Floating Into the Night\" and \"The Voice of Love\", and created the sculptures featured on the covers of both albums. In 2017 she appeared in Part 17 of the new \"Twin Peaks\" season performing \"The World Spins\". Cruise released the EP \"Three Demos\" in 2018, containing the original demo versions of \"Floating\", \"Falling\", and \"The World Spins\". Post-Badalamenti and Lynch. Cruise's long-delayed third album, \"The Art of Being a Girl\", was released in 2002. This was the first of her albums for which Badalamenti and Lynch did not produce or write any of the music. Instead, the music and lyrics for each of the songs were written by Cruise herself (with the exception of an updated version of the single \"Falling\"), and produced by Rick Strom and Mocean Worker. In 2011, Cruise released her fourth album \"My Secret Life\". The album was a collaboration with DJ Dmitry (formerly of Deee-Lite) and contained a cover of Donovan's \"Season of the Witch\" and a cover (technically) of Hybrid's \"Fatal Beating\" called \"A Fatal Beating\"."
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popqa | 670bc9f6-6aea-4d06-b296-572836b7ed72 | In what city was Irving Amen born? | Irving Amen | [
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"American painter\nIrving Amen (1918–2011) was an American painter, printmaker and sculptor. Life. Born in New York City in 1918, Amen began drawing at the age of four. A scholarship to the Pratt Institute was awarded to him when he was fourteen years old. From 1942 to 1945 he served with the Armed Forces. He headed a mural project and executed murals in the United States and Belgium. His first exhibition of woodcuts was held at the New School for Social Research and his second at the Smithsonian Institution in 1949. He also exhibited at the Artists House in Jerusalem, the Library of Congress, and the National Academy of Design. Amen studied in Paris in 1950. Upon his return to the United States, he had one man shows in New York and Washington DC. In 1953, Amen traveled throughout Italy. This resulted in a series of eleven woodcuts, eight etchings and a number of oil paintings. One of these woodcuts, \"Piazza San Marco #4\" and its four woodblocks constitute a permanent exhibit of block printing in color at the Smithsonian Institution. Travel in Israel, Greece and Turkey in 1960 led to a retrospective show at the Artist's House in Jerusalem. His art is widely owned and loved. Irving Amen has taught at Pratt Institute and at the University of Notre Dame. He had a show of woodcuts at the Artists Studio in NYC. In 1974 he illustrated \"The Epic of Gilgamesh\" in linocuts and woodcuts for the Limited Editions Club.",
"He designed a set of stained glass windows depicting the Twelve Tribes of Israel for Agudas Achim Synagogue in Bexley, Ohio. His work often depicts themes of Judaism, chess, people, music, Italy and Don Quixote. In his later years he lived and worked in Boca Raton, Florida. Commissions include a Peace Medal in honor of the Vietnam War. He created designs for 12 stained glass windows 16 feet high depicting the Twelve Tribes of Israel, commissioned by Agudas Achim Synagogue in Columbus, Ohio. He is listed in Mantle Fielding's Dictionary of American Painters, Sculptors and Engravers and the Dictionary of Contemporary American Artists by Paul Cummings. Amen was also a member of the Society of American Graphic Artists. He was elected member of Accademia Fiorentina Delle Arti Del Disegno, an organization to which Michelangelo, his idol, belonged. Born in New York City, he taught at the Pratt Institute and at the University of Notre Dame in the early 1960s. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Amen is the second studio album by American rock band Amen and its first for a major label, released on September 21, 1999, by I Am/Roadrunner Records. The first track on the album, \"Coma America\", became the band's first single. In 2001, the album was re-released with four new bonus tracks. \"Amen\" was recorded by Casey Chaos on vocals, Shannon Larkin on drums, Sonny Mayo and Paul Fig on guitar and John Fahnestock a.k.a. Tumor on bass guitar. The album was produced by Ross Robinson. It sold around 15,000 copies in its first year. Background and recording. After moving to Los Angeles in the early 1990s, vocalist Casey Chaos formed Amen in 1994. He produced and played all of the instruments on the band's first album, \"Slave\" (1994), which achieved little success upon release. After taking a liking to Casey's demos, Paul Fig joined Amen on guitar in 1994. In 1997, Chaos attempted to record another Amen album with producer Paul Raymond in Los Angeles. The album's recording sessions were marred by frequent partying and lineup instabilities—the latter, Chaos claimed, was due to him struggling to find other musicians in Los Angeles who weren't just interested in music for the money—and he would later describe them as both a \"fiasco\" and a \"fucking nightmare\". Around this time, producer Ross Robinson became interested in working with Amen after listening to \"Slave.\"",
"Robinson felt that Amen's lineup lacked focus, and after listening to it, convinced Chaos to abandon the in-progress album before signing the band on as the first act on his I Am Recordings imprint, whose releases were to be distributed by Roadrunner Records. \"I played the album for [him] and he said, 'It's so good, I want to do this right'. \", Chaos said. He noted that being signed to I Am gave Amen greater creative control than if they had been directly signed to Roadrunner. Robinson then introduced him to guitarist Sonny Mayo (of Snot) and drummer Shannon Larkin, who would both join the band in 1998. Bassist John \"Tumour\" Fahnestock, who had played with Mayo and Larkin in different bands in the past, joined Amen in 1999 after the dissolution of Snot following the death of its vocalist, Lynn Strait. \"Amen\" was recorded at Indigo Ranch Studios in Malibu, California between mid-1998 and early 1999. According to Joel McIver, the album's recording sessions \"have gone down in popular legend as one of the most demanding interactions between man and [recording] console ever\". Chaos was infamously known to have been taken to hospital after slicing an artery in his hand and breaking his ribs whilst recording his vocals one day, and suffered black eyes due to the intensity of his singing.",
"The album was recorded back-to-back with Vanilla Ice's \"Hard to Swallow\", Machine Head's \"The Burning Red\" and Slipknot's self-titled debut album; Chaos would end up helping Robinson with Vanilla Ice's album and was forced to sleep in one of the studio's vocal booths for six months as a result. Releases. In 2001, the album was re-released by Roadrunner Records and included the four unreleased songs from the single of \"Coma America\". At this point, Amen had already switched to Virgin Records. The reissue was denounced by the band's frontman Casey Chaos, who released a statement, saying: \"Don't buy our record. Just don't buy the fucking album. What I want to do is just press up 1000 CDs of the B-sides (from 'Coma America') and give them away at the shows for free or tell people to go to fucking Napster.\" In 2007, Metal Mind Productions re-released the album in a new digipack edition on gold disc, digitally remastered using 24-Bit process, with a limited run of 2,000 hand-numbered copies. Reception. \"Alternative Press\" included the album in their list of the best punk albums from 1999. \"Kerrang!\" placed \"Amen\" at number 22 on their list of \"The 50 best albums from 1999\" in a retrospective list from 2020."
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"doc_chunk": "American painter\nIrving Amen (1918–2011) was an American painter, printmaker and sculptor. Life. Born in New York City in 1918, Amen began drawing at the age of four. A scholarship to the Pratt Institute was awarded to him when he was fourteen years old. From 1942 to 1945 he served with the Armed Forces. He headed a mural project and executed murals in the United States and Belgium. His first exhibition of woodcuts was held at the New School for Social Research and his second at the Smithsonian Institution in 1949. He also exhibited at the Artists House in Jerusalem, the Library of Congress, and the National Academy of Design. Amen studied in Paris in 1950. Upon his return to the United States, he had one man shows in New York and Washington DC. In 1953, Amen traveled throughout Italy. This resulted in a series of eleven woodcuts, eight etchings and a number of oil paintings. One of these woodcuts, \"Piazza San Marco #4\" and its four woodblocks constitute a permanent exhibit of block printing in color at the Smithsonian Institution. Travel in Israel, Greece and Turkey in 1960 led to a retrospective show at the Artist's House in Jerusalem. His art is widely owned and loved. Irving Amen has taught at Pratt Institute and at the University of Notre Dame. He had a show of woodcuts at the Artists Studio in NYC. In 1974 he illustrated \"The Epic of Gilgamesh\" in linocuts and woodcuts for the Limited Editions Club.",
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popqa | fbc5ad36-a6e0-42b0-80e2-a211cac64d33 | In what city was Paweł Blehm born? | Paweł Blehm | [
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"Polish chess player\nPaweł Blehm (born 17 April 1980 in Olkusz) is a Polish chess grandmaster (2001). He took part in the FIDE World Chess Championship 2000, but was knocked out in the first round by Smbat Lputian. He played for Poland in the Chess Olympiad of 2000. In 2002 he won the Bermuda Open tournament. His handle on the Internet Chess Club is \"Pawelek\". References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Polish politician and lawyer (1965–2019)\nPaweł Bogdan Adamowicz (; 2 November 1965 – 14 January 2019) was a Polish politician and lawyer who served as the city mayor of Gdańsk from 1998 until his assassination in 2019. Adamowicz was one of the organizers of the 1988 Polish strikes before becoming the head of the strike committee. In 1990, he was elected to the Gdańsk City Council, chairing the body from 1994 during his second term and holding this post until 1998. He was elected Mayor of Gdańsk in 1998 and reelected in 2002 with 72% of the vote. In 2018, he was reelected as an independent. He was known as a liberal, progressive figure, speaking in support of LGBT rights, immigration, and of minority ethnic groups such as Kashubians. On 13 January 2019, Mayor Adamowicz was stabbed during a live charity event in Gdansk, the Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity's 27th Grand Finale, by 27-year-old Stefan Wilmont, a former inmate diagnosed with schizophrenia. Adamowicz died the following day from his injuries, at the age of 53. Early life and education. Paweł Bogdan Adamowicz was born in Gdańsk. His parents Ryszard and Teresa were Polish economists, who were moved to Poland from Vilnius, LSSR, in 1946. Paweł later recalled that his parents were suspicious of communism and party propaganda.",
"\"Like many Poles of our generation, [my] brother and I have thus been shaped against the obligatory official history; since childhood we have known not only the sinister wording of the Gestapo abbreviation, but also the NKVD; we perfectly understood what is behind the names of distant places: Kazakhstan, Siberia, Katyn. We hardly saw a place for ourselves in this double world. \"He studied law at the University of Gdańsk, where he also rose to prominence as a student movement member. He was one of the organizers of the 1988 strike, becoming the head of the strike committee. Between 1990 and 1993, he served as a vice-rector for student affairs at his alma mater. Career. In 1990, Adamowicz was elected a member of the city council in Gdańsk, chairing the council from 1994 in his second term, and holding this post until 1998, when he was elected the Mayor of Gdańsk. On 10 November 2002, he was re-elected with 72% of the vote. He was awarded the \"Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice\" Golden Cross by Pope John Paul II, and the Cross of Merit in 2003 by President Aleksander Kwaśniewski. In 2014, he received the Cross of Freedom and Solidarity in honour of his contributions on behalf of Polish democracy. In 2018, he was an honorary patron of the 4th Gdańsk Gay Pride Parade, in which he also participated.",
"In November 2018, Adamowicz ran as an independent candidate for the office of Mayor of Gdańsk and was re-elected for a sixth term, being endorsed by the Civic Platform in the second round and remaining a vocal critic of the current ruling party in Poland, Law and Justice. He was due to serve until 2023. Personal life. In 1999, Adamowicz married Magdalena Abramska, a law student at Gdańsk University whom he met during his studies. She later became a professor of law there. They have two daughters, Antonina (born 2003) and Teresa (born 2010). Assassination. On 13 January 2019, Adamowicz was stabbed in the heart and through the diaphragm with a knife on stage at the Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity event in Gdańsk and was taken to University Clinical Centre in Gdańsk in critical condition, where he underwent five hours of surgery. He succumbed to his injuries the following day. The assassin was apprehended at the scene of the crime. A Gdańsk police spokesman said that the detained man was a 27-year-old Stefan W[ilmont] who lived in the city; the spokesman also stated that the man had a \"long criminal history\", including four bank robberies. After stabbing the mayor, he seized the microphone and claimed false imprisonment and torture at the hands of the previous centrist Civic Platform (PO) government. Adamowicz's murder was inadvertently captured on video by the many attendees of the charity event. Reactions. On 14 January, thousands attended vigils across Poland to pay their respects to Adamowicz.",
"His widow, Magdalena, who was in London at the time of the assassination, was flown back to Poland by the Polish government. President Andrzej Duda described the attack as a \"hard-to-imagine evil\" and stated that the day of Adamowicz's funeral will be observed as a national day of mourning. Interior Minister Joachim Brudziński described the attack as \"an act of inexplicable barbarism\" and, on Twitter, EU Council President Donald Tusk said, \"Paweł Adamowicz, Mayor of Gdańsk, a man of Solidarity and freedom, a European, my good friend, has been murdered. May he rest in peace.\" Jean-Claude Juncker, the President of the European Commission, expressed \"great sadness\" and offered his \"deepest condolences\" on behalf of the European Commission. The European Parliament held a minute of silence to honour Adamowicz, with President Antonio Tajani speaking of the mayor's \"closeness to the people\" and \"ability to listen\". Sadiq Khan, the Mayor of London, described the attack as \"Devastating violence ... for all of us who value public service and open, accessible democracy\". Anton Alikhanov, the governor of the neighbouring Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia, expressed his condolences, calling Adamowicz \"our great friend\" and proclaiming a minute of silence in memory of his death. On the day of his funeral, Pope Francis offered his condolences as well as gifts for the family of Adamowicz."
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popqa | ca9e33f4-508e-46b4-844f-949851e8c0f0 | In what city was Keri Lees born? | Keri Lees | [
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"English hurdler\nKeri Lees (née Maddox; born 4 July 1972 in Stone, Staffordshire is a female retired English athlete. Athletics career. She competed in the 100 metres hurdles and 400 metres hurdles. and represented her country at the 2000 Summer Olympics, as well as three World Championships (1993, 1999, 2001). She represented England in both the 100 metres hurdles and 400 metres hurdles events, at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Personal bests. Outdoor\nIndoor\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Seminal emission\nKeri (<templatestyles src=\"Script/styles_hebrew.css\" />קֶרִי) is a Hebrew term which literally means \"accident\" or \"mishap\", and is used as a euphemism for seminal emission. The term is generally used in Jewish law to refer specifically to the regulations and rituals concerning the emission of semen, whether by nocturnal emission, or by sexual activity. A man is said to be a \"ba'al keri\" (<templatestyles src=\"Script/styles_hebrew.css\" />בעל קרי) (\"one who has had a seminal emission\") after he has ejaculated without yet completing the associated purification requirements. Hebrew Bible. The Book of Leviticus contains several laws relating to seminal emission. A man who had experienced an emission of semen would become ritually impure, until the evening came and he had washed himself in water. Any clothes or leather touched by semen also become ritually impure, until they are washed in water and the evening had come. If the man ejaculated semen during sexual intercourse with a woman, the woman would also become ritually impure, until the evening had come and she had washed herself in water. The Book of Deuteronomy says that a soldier who became impure through a \"mikreh lailah\" (\"night occurrence\") must leave the army camp, immerse, and only return to the camp in the evening.",
"From the word \"mikreh\" (מקרה), the rabbis derived the term \"keri\" (קרי) to refer to an emission of semen. In , prior to the revelation at Mount Sinai, Jewish men were warned not \"to approach a woman\" so as not to become impure. The Books of Samuel contain two stories which suggest that the laws of seminal emission were observed in that period. In , Saul assumed that David was missing from the royal feast due to having become impure in a \"mikreh\" (mishap). In , the priest is willing to distribute holy bread only to those men who have \"kept themself from women\". Non-traditional biblical scholars see the Leviticus regulations as having originally derived from taboo against contact with semen, because it was considered to house life itself, and was thus thought of as sacred. In rabbinic literature. The Talmud adds prohibitions designed to avoid seminal emission outside of sexual intercourse. It was forbidden for a man to touch his penis with his hand, on the basis that the sensation of touch causes \"keri\". The Talmud goes on to address the concern that preventing any contact with the penis would make urination more awkward for males, and makes suggestions in this regard. A man who intentionally caused himself erections was considered worthy of ostracism. The Talmud also described procedures in case a man emitted semen (permissibly or otherwise).",
"It states that one who experienced an emission of semen is required by the Torah to immerse in water in order to be allowed to consume terumah or sacrifice. It also states that Ezra decreed that one should also immerse in order to be allowed to recite words of Torah, but that Ezra's decree no longer applies nowadays. Later on, the Rishonim debated whether Ezra's decree still applies in regard to prayer. Hai Gaon and Chananel ben Chushiel say that a \"ba'al keri\", while he may study Torah, may not pray until he goes to a mikveh. Maimonides says that the decree was cancelled entirely and a \"ba'al keri\" may even recite the Shema, but that the \"minhag\" of Shinar (Mesopotamia) and Sepharad (in his day, a term for the Iberian Peninsula) is that before prayer a \"ba'al keri\" should wash himself entirely with water. The modern halakhic consensus is that a \"ba'al keri\" is not required to immerse in the mikveh before praying, reciting Shema, saying Berakhot, and so on. However, some Jews today, including many Hasidic Jews, practice this immersion because it is considered a praiseworthy practice. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"KERI (1410 kHz \"Faith & Family 1410 AM\") is a commercial AM radio station in Bakersfield, California. The station is owned by Robert and Luann Wilkins, through licensee Bob Wilkins Radio Network Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a religious radio format. Most hours are brokered programming, where national and local religious leaders pay for a segment of time, for preaching or instruction, and where they may appeal to listeners for donations. Hosts include Charles Stanley, Jim Daly, John MacArthur, David Jeremiah and Jay Sekulow. KERI is powered at 1,000 watts, day and night, using a non-directional antenna. Its transmitter is located on Kimber Avenue in Bakersfield, off Route 58 - Exit 115. KERI's studios and offices are on Easton Drive in Bakersfield. History. On May 17, 1950, the station first sign-on signed on as KWSO, a 250-watt daytimer at 1050 kHz, owned by Maple Leaf Broadcasting. It was licensed to Wasco, California, about 25 miles northwest of Bakersfield. By the 1960s, the station had assorted programs including middle of the road and classical music, farm and news reports and religious programs. The station's signal was limited to the area around Wasco, and was reflected in the KWSO call letters. In the early 1980s, the Federal Communications Commission allowed KWSO to move to 1180 kHz, coupled with a boost in power to 10,000 watts by day and nighttime authorization, running with 1,000 watts after sunset, using a directional antenna."
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popqa | 1bd35f3d-ee80-4bcd-b3e6-c9ac896f8cb2 | In what city was Robin Williams born? | Robin Williams (mathematician) | [
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"New Zealand mathematician, public servant, university administrator\nRobert Martin Williams (30 March 1919 – 18 March 2013), generally known as Robin Williams, was a New Zealand mathematician, academic administrator and public servant. He served as vice chancellor of the University of Otago from 1967 to 1972, and of the Australian National University from 1973 to 1975. Between 1975 and 1981, he was chair of the State Services Commission. Early life and family. Born in Christchurch in 1919, Williams was educated at Christ's College and went on to study at Canterbury University College, graduating MA with first-class honours in mathematics and mathematical physics in 1941. On 15 July 1944, Williams married Mary Thorpe in Wellington, and the couple went on to have three children. Career. Williams worked in the applied mathematics laboratory of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. During World War II, he worked at the University of California, Berkeley on the Manhattan Project in 1944–45 on the separation of uranium. After the war, he graduated from St. John's College, Cambridge with a Bachelor of Arts (1946) and PhD (1949). He was a Harkness Fellow at Princeton in 1957. In 1963, Williams moved to work as an administrator at the State Services Commission. From 1967 to 1972, Williams was vice chancellor of the University of Otago, before accepting the same position at the Australian National University in Canberra, where he remained until 1975. That year, he was appointed chair of the State Services Commission, based in Wellington, serving in that role until 1981. In 1971 he succeeded Dr K. J. Sheen as Director-General of Education in New Zealand.",
"Honours and awards. Williams was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1967. In 1972, Williams was conferred with an honorary LLD degree by the University of Otago. In the 1973 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to science, administration and education, and in the 1981 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. Death. Williams died in Wellington in 2013, aged 93. His funeral was held at Old St Paul's, and he was buried at Mākara Cemetery. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"British mathematician (born 1943)\nRobin James Wilson (born 5 December 1943) is an English mathematician. He is an emeritus professor in the Department of Mathematics at the Open University, having previously been Head of the Pure Mathematics Department and Dean of the Faculty. He was a stipendiary lecturer at Pembroke College, Oxford and, from 2004 to 2008, Gresham Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, London. On occasion, he teaches at Colorado College in the United States. He is also a long standing fellow of Keble College, Oxford. Professor Wilson is a son of former British Prime Minister Harold Wilson and his wife, Mary. Early life and education. Wilson was born in 1943 to the politician Harold Wilson, who later became Prime Minister, and his wife the poet Mary Wilson (née Baldwin). He has a younger brother, Giles, who in his 50s gave up a career as a teacher to be a train driver. Wilson attended University College School in Hampstead, North London. He achieved a BA First Class Honours in Mathematics from Balliol College, Oxford, an MA from the University of Pennsylvania, and a PhD from the University of Pennsylvania (1965–1968). In a \"Guardian\" interview in 2008, Wilson spoke of the fact he grew up known to everyone primarily as a son of the Labour Party leader and Prime Minister Harold Wilson: \"I hated the attention and I still dislike being introduced as Harold Wilson's son. I feel uncomfortable talking about it to strangers even now.\" Mathematics career. Wilson's academic interests lie in graph theory, particularly in colouring problems, e.g.",
"the four colour problem, and algebraic properties of graphs. He also researches the history of mathematics, particularly British mathematics and mathematics in the 17th century and the period 1860 to 1940, and the history of graph theory and combinatorics. In 1974, he won the Lester R. Ford Award from the Mathematical Association of America for his expository article \"An introduction to matroid theory\". Due to his collaboration on a 1977 paper with the Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős, Wilson has an Erdős number of 1. In July 2008, he published a study of the mathematical work of Lewis Carroll, the creator of \"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\" and \"Through the Looking-Glass\" — \"Lewis Carroll in Numberland: His Fantastical Mathematical Logical Life\" (Allen Lane, 2008. ). From January 1999 to September 2003, Wilson was editor-in-chief of the European Mathematical Society Newsletter and in 2003-2008 an Associate Editor. He is past President of the British Society for the History of Mathematics. Since 1985, Robin Wilson has edited the mathematics on stamps \"Stamp Corner\" column for the \"Mathematical Intelligencer\". Other interests. He has strong interests in music, including the operas of Gilbert and Sullivan, and is the co-author (with Frederic Lloyd) of \"Gilbert and Sullivan: The Official D'Oyly Carte Picture History\". In 2007, he was a guest on \"Private Passions\", the biographical music discussion programme on BBC Radio 3. Personal life. Wilson is married and has twin daughters. Publications.",
"Wilson has written or edited about thirty books, including popular books on sudoku and the Four Color Theorem:\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />"
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popqa | ba34f75b-9ec2-40fa-8e8e-b5903fd6d27e | In what city was John Keating born? | John Keating (Australian politician) | [
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"Hobart, Tasmania",
"Hobart, Tas."
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"Australian politician\nJohn Henry Keating (28 June 1872 – 31 October 1940) was an Australian politician who served as a Senator for Tasmania from 1901 to 1923. He held ministerial office in Alfred Deakin's second government, serving as Vice-President of the Executive Council (1906–1907) and Minister for Home Affairs (1907–1908). Early life. Keating was born in Hobart on 28 June 1872. He was the son of Mary (née Cronley) and James Keating; his father was a carpenter and furniture-maker. Keating was educated in Hobart at Officer College and in Sydney at St Ignatius' College, Riverview. He was awarded an Associate of Arts degree by the Tasmanian Council for Education in 1890, and went on to become one of the University of Tasmania's first law graduates in 1896. Keating was admitted as a barrister in August 1894 and established a practice in Lefroy. After two years he moved to Launceston. He was an officeholder in the Australian Natives' Association and a secretary and organiser for the Northern Tasmanian Federation League. Political career. Keating stood unsuccessfully for the Tasmanian House of Assembly seat of George Town in 1900. In the 1901 election, he was elected to the Australian Senate as the youngest member of the Parliament, where he supported the Protectionist Party governments of Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin. He supported the establishment of a system of compulsory conciliation and arbitration a Commonwealth old-age pension scheme and a White Australia. He was appointed an honorary minister in the second Deakin Ministry in July 1905 and Vice-President of the Executive Council in October 1906.",
"He was responsible for the drafting of the 1905 Copyright Act. Keating was Minister for Home Affairs from January 1907 to November 1908 and was responsible for passing a bill to provide bounties to assist industry and a bill to establish the Commonwealth quarantine service. He sat on the backbench during Deakin's Fusion government. Although he fully supported Australia's participation in World War I, he voted to force the Hughes government to an election in 1917 in protest at Hughes' manoeuvering to have the Tasmanian Government replace Labor Senator Rudolph Ready—who had been forced by ill-health to resign—with the Nationalist John Earle, thus gaining control of the Senate. Later life. Keating failed to win re-election as a Nationalist at the 1922 election and returned to his legal practice. His wife died in October 1939 and he died a year later of the effects of a duodenal ulcer, survived by a son and a daughter. He was the last surviving member of Alfred Deakin's 1906-1907 Cabinet. Personal life. Keating married Sarah Alice \"Lallie\" Monks in 1906, with whom he had two children. He died in Melbourne on 31 October 1940 from the effects of a duodenal ulcer. He had been widowed the previous year. Notes. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Irish politician (1869–1956)\nJohn Keating (2 August 1869 – 8 July 1956) was an Irish politician and farmer. Keating was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a National League Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Wexford constituency at the June 1927 general election. He lost his seat at the September 1927 general election but was elected as a Cumann na nGaedheal TD at the 1932 general election and was re-elected at the 1933 general election. He was elected as a Fine Gael TD at the 1937 and 1938 general elections. He lost his seat at the 1943 general election but was re-elected at the 1944 general election. He stood as an Independent candidate at the 1948 general election but did not retain his seat. He was born at Sarshill, Kilmore in County Wexford, Ireland on 2 August 1869, the second son of Nicholas Keating and Maria Codd Keating. He died on 8 July 1956 and is buried in Grahormick Cemetery, County Wexford. References. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"John Keating may refer to:\nFictional characters. <templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n Topics referred to by the same termThis page lists articles about people with the same name.",
"American politician (born 1952)\nWilliam Richard Keating (born September 6, 1952) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 9th congressional district since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, he first entered Congress in 2011, representing Massachusetts's 10th congressional district until redistricting. Keating's district includes Cape Cod and most of the South Coast. He raised his profile advocating for criminal justice issues in both houses of the Massachusetts General Court from 1977 to 1999 before becoming district attorney of Norfolk County, where he served three terms before being elected to Congress. Raised in Sharon, Massachusetts, Keating \"took a traditional route to politics\", attending Boston College and Suffolk University Law School. He was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1976 at age 24 and went on to serve in the Massachusetts Senate from 1985 to 1999. He authored numerous bills signed into law concerning taxation, drug crime, and sentencing reform. His attempted overthrow of Senate President William M. Bulger in 1994 was a failure but boosted his local name recognition, which contributed to his success in the 1998 election for DA. Keating followed the path of former Norfolk County District Attorney Bill Delahunt to the U.S. House of Representatives, winning election in 2010 to represent the 10th congressional district. In 2012, after redistricting drew his home in Quincy into the district of fellow incumbent Stephen Lynch, Keating chose to run in the redrawn 9th district, which combined the eastern portion of his old district with new territory on the South Coast taken from the 4th district long represented by Barney Frank. Keating has been reelected five times from this district."
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"doc_chunk": "Australian politician\nJohn Henry Keating (28 June 1872 – 31 October 1940) was an Australian politician who served as a Senator for Tasmania from 1901 to 1923. He held ministerial office in Alfred Deakin's second government, serving as Vice-President of the Executive Council (1906–1907) and Minister for Home Affairs (1907–1908). Early life. Keating was born in Hobart on 28 June 1872. He was the son of Mary (née Cronley) and James Keating; his father was a carpenter and furniture-maker. Keating was educated in Hobart at Officer College and in Sydney at St Ignatius' College, Riverview. He was awarded an Associate of Arts degree by the Tasmanian Council for Education in 1890, and went on to become one of the University of Tasmania's first law graduates in 1896. Keating was admitted as a barrister in August 1894 and established a practice in Lefroy. After two years he moved to Launceston. He was an officeholder in the Australian Natives' Association and a secretary and organiser for the Northern Tasmanian Federation League. Political career. Keating stood unsuccessfully for the Tasmanian House of Assembly seat of George Town in 1900. In the 1901 election, he was elected to the Australian Senate as the youngest member of the Parliament, where he supported the Protectionist Party governments of Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin. He supported the establishment of a system of compulsory conciliation and arbitration a Commonwealth old-age pension scheme and a White Australia. He was appointed an honorary minister in the second Deakin Ministry in July 1905 and Vice-President of the Executive Council in October 1906.",
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popqa | aa1a944e-fef5-4028-bd56-e2b01059ed26 | In what city was John O'Brien born? | John O'Brien (hurler) | [
"Toomyvara",
"Toomevara"
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"Irish hurler\nJohn O'Brien (born 3 January 1982) is an Irish hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Tipperary senior team. Born in Toomevara, County Tipperary, O'Brien first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Tipperary minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 2001 league. O'Brien went on to enjoy a lengthy career, and won two All-Ireland medals, five Munster medals and one National Hurling League medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on three occasions. At club level O'Brien is a two-time Munster medallist with Toomevara. In addition to this he has also won seven championship medals and three county final Man of the Match awards. His brother, Paddy O'Brien, is also an All-Ireland medallist with Tipperary. Throughout his career O'Brien made 36 championship appearances. He announced his retirement from inter-county hurling on 26 November 2014. Playing career. Club. O'Brien plays his club hurling with Toomevara and has enjoyed much success in a lengthy career. After making his senior championship debut as a seventeen-year-old in 1999, Toomevara went on to qualify for a second successive county final. A 1-17 to 0-13 defeat of Nenagh Éire Óg gave O'Brien his first championship medal. Toomevara's championship dominance continued for a third consecutive year in 2000.",
"A 2-10 to 0-11 defeat of Thurles Sarsfield's gave O'Brien his second championship medal. Both Toomevara and Thurles Sarsfield's met in the county final again in 2001. O'Brien's side were on the verge of history by becoming the third side in history to win four championships in-a-row. A 1-22 to 1-13 trouncing of the Thurles club gave O'Brien his third championship medal. Five-in-a-row proved beyond Toomevara, however, the team reached the county final once again in 2003. A 3-16 to 3-13 defeat of Thurles Sarsfield's once again, gave O'Brien his fourth championship medal. Toomevara retained their title in 2004 following a comfortable 4-12 to 2-12 win over Éire Óg/Golden. It was also a remarkable fifth championship medal in six seasons for O'Brien. After a number of early exits from the provincial championship in recent years, Toomevara subsequently defeated Mount Sion by just a single point to give O'Brien his first Munster medal. After surrendering their county and provincial titles in 2005, Toomevara returned to the county championship decider once again the following year. A thrilling 1-21 to 2-14 defeat of Nenagh Éire Óg, in which O'Brien top scored with 1-4 from play, saw Toomevara take the title once again.",
"O'Brien later won a second Munster medal following a controversial 2-9 to 2-8 defeat of Erin's Own of Cork. In 2008 O'Brien won a seventh county championship medal following a 2-14 to 0-17 defeat of old rivals Thurles Sarsfield's. Minor & under-21. O'Brien was seventeen-years-old when he made his minor championship debut for Tipperary in 1999. He collected his first Munster medal that year following a 1–13 to 2-7 defeat of Clare. Tipp progressed to the All-Ireland final where Galway provided the opposition. A 0–13 to 0–10 score line resulted in defeat for O'Brien's side. In 2003 O'Brien was in his last year as a member of the under-21 team. That year Tipperary broke through Limerick's stranglehold on the championship and O'Brien secured a Munster medal following a 2-14 to 0-17 defeat of Cork after extra-time. Senior. Beginnings. O'Brien made his senior debut on 21 April 2001 in a 1-16 to 0-13 group stage defeat of Laois in the National League. Tipperary later claimed the league title, however, O'Brien remained as a substitute for that victory. Later that year he made his championship debut when he came on as substitute for Lar Corbett in the provincial decider against Limerick. Tipperary triumphed by 2-16 to 1-17, with O'Brien collecting his first Munster medal.",
"He later collected an All-Ireland medal as a non-playing substitute as Tipperary defeated Galway by 2-18 to 2-15. Over the next few years O'Brien remained on the periphery of the team as Tipperary went into decline. Return to success. The appointment of Liam Sheedy as Tipperary's new manager saw O'Brien take to a more prominent role. Tipperary remained undefeated during their 2008 league campaign and qualified for the decider against Galway. A Lar Corbett goal proved decisive in the 3-18 to 3-16 victory. It was O'Brien's first National League medal on the field of play. He later collected a second Munster medal as Tipperary continued their winning streak with a 2-21 to 0-19 defeat of a resurgent Clare. After scoring 1-4 in that game he was named man of the match. Tipperary retained their provincial crown in 2009, with O'Brien collecting a third Munster medal following a 4-14 to 2-16 defeat of Waterford. On 6 September 2009 Tipperary faced four-in-a-row hopefuls Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider. For long periods Tipp looked the likely winners, however, late goals from Henry Shefflin and substitute Martin Comerford finally killed off their efforts to secure a 2-22 to 0-23 victory. Three successive Munster titles proved beyond Tipperary, however, in spite of a shock defeat by Cork in the provincial quarter-final, Tipperary used the qualifiers to good effect and qualified for the All-Ireland decider on 5 September 2010.",
"Kilkenny were the opponents once again as they sought a fifth successive All-Ireland crown title. \"The Cats\" lost talisman Henry Shefflin early in the game due to injury, while Tipp's Lar Corbett ran riot and scored a hat-trick of goals before Noel McGrath added a fourth. The 4-17 to 1-18 victory gave O'Brien his first All-Ireland medal on the field of play. Tipperary reclaimed the provincial crown in 2011 following a huge 7-19 to 0-19 drubbing of Waterford in the decider. It was O'Brien's fourth Munster medal. Tipperary subsequently faced Kilkenny in a third successive All-Ireland decider on 4 September 2011. Goals by Michael Fennelly and Richie Hogan in either half gave Kilkenny, who many viewed as the underdogs going into the game, a 2-17 to 1-16 victory. Final years. Tipperary won their fourth Munster crown in five years in 2012 as they easily retained the title. The 2-17 to 0-16 defeat of Waterford gave O'Brien a fifth provincial winners' medal. After a poor start to their 2014 championship campaign, Tipperary reached the All-Ireland final on 7 September 2014. O'Brien started the game on the bench but was introduced as a substitute in what some consider to be the greatest game of all-time. John O'Dwyer had the chance to win the game, however, his late free drifted wide resulting in a draw. O'Brien was also sprung from the bench in the replay which Kilkenny won by 2-17 to 2-14."
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"doc_chunk": "Irish hurler\nJohn O'Brien (born 3 January 1982) is an Irish hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Tipperary senior team. Born in Toomevara, County Tipperary, O'Brien first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Tipperary minor team, before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 2001 league. O'Brien went on to enjoy a lengthy career, and won two All-Ireland medals, five Munster medals and one National Hurling League medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on three occasions. At club level O'Brien is a two-time Munster medallist with Toomevara. In addition to this he has also won seven championship medals and three county final Man of the Match awards. His brother, Paddy O'Brien, is also an All-Ireland medallist with Tipperary. Throughout his career O'Brien made 36 championship appearances. He announced his retirement from inter-county hurling on 26 November 2014. Playing career. Club. O'Brien plays his club hurling with Toomevara and has enjoyed much success in a lengthy career. After making his senior championship debut as a seventeen-year-old in 1999, Toomevara went on to qualify for a second successive county final. A 1-17 to 0-13 defeat of Nenagh Éire Óg gave O'Brien his first championship medal. Toomevara's championship dominance continued for a third consecutive year in 2000.",
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popqa | 4590ae44-f622-4751-81f5-a2bf25fb8814 | In what city was Ralph Campney born? | Ralph Campney | [
"Picton",
"Picton, Ontario"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6629918 | 1 | {
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"Canadian politician\nRalph Osborne Campney (June 6, 1894 – October 6, 1967) was a Canadian politician. Born in Picton, Ontario, he first ran unsuccessfully for the House of Commons of Canada in the riding of Vancouver Centre in a 1948 by-election. A Liberal, he was elected in the 1949 federal election and in 1953. He was defeated in 1957. From 1951 to 1952, he was the Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of National Defence. From 1952 to 1954, he was the Solicitor General of Canada. From 1953 to 1954, he was also the Associate Minister of National Defence. From 1954 to 1957, he was the Minister of National Defence. Early life and military service. Campney was born on June 6, 1894, on a farm near Picton, Ontario, to Frank Campney and Mary Emily Cronk. Campney attended Picton Collegiate and graduated at 16, beginning a career as a rural school teacher. In 1914, Campney entered Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, studying medicine. In March 1915, Campney enlisted in the Canadian Army with No.5 Stationary Hospital (Queen's). During World War I he was deployed overseas to Egypt as part of the Dardanelles Campaign. The unit was later transferred to the Western Front where it supported Allied forces at the Battle of the Somme. In 1917, Campney was commissioned into the infantry, joining the 19th Canadian Infantry Battalion after the Battle of Vimy Ridge. He served with the unit until the Battle of Passchendaele when he was invalided to England.",
"In England, Campney transferred to the Royal Flying Corps and remained with the unit until the Armistice. Postwar and political career. After leaving the military, Campney returned to Queen's University in 1919 where he transferred from medicine to arts and obtained his Bachelor of Arts in 1921. Campney entered Osgoode Hall to study law and in 1924, was called to the bar. He was secretary to the Canadian delegation to the League of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland in Fall 1924. Upon his return to Canada, Campney became political secretary to William Lyon Mackenzie King from 1925 to 1926 in Ottawa. In 1929, Campney became private secretary to the Minister of Trade and Commerce James Malcolm. Campney left Ottawa in 1929 and moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, to practice law. 1936, Campney was asked by the Canadian government to become the first chairman of the National Harbours Board, remaining in this position for three and a half years. He resigned from the position and returned to his private law practice. In 1940, Campney was appointed Dominion King's Counsel. He ran for the first time as a Liberal nominee in a federal by-election in the riding of Vancouver Centre in 1948, where he was defeated. He ran again the following year in the general election, where he was elected to the House of Commons and was re-elected in 1953. In 1950, Crampney was chair of a special parliamentary committee on the National Defence Act which unified the administration of the three military services. In January 1951, he was appointed Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Defence, Brooke Claxton.",
"The following year, on October 15, 1952, he was made Solicitor General of Canada. On February 15, 1953, he was appointed Associate Minister of National Defence while keeping his duties as Solicitor General and kept these two positions until January 12, 1954, when he resigned as Solicitor General. On July 1, he succeeded Claxton as Minister of National Defence. Election results. ! colspan=\"9\"|1957 Canadian federal election\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes!! width=\"43px\" |%!! width=\"52px\" |<templatestyles src=\"Template:Tooltip/styles.css\" />±%\n! colspan=\"9\"|1953 Canadian federal election\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes!! width=\"43px\" |%!! width=\"52px\" |<templatestyles src=\"Template:Tooltip/styles.css\" />±%\n! colspan=\"9\"|1949 Canadian federal election\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes!!",
"width=\"43px\" |%!! width=\"52px\" |<templatestyles src=\"Template:Tooltip/styles.css\" />±%\n! colspan=\"9\"|Canadian federal by-election, 8 June 1948On Ian Mackenzie being called to the Senate, 19 January 1948\n! colspan=\" style=\"width:\" bgcolor=\"\" |\n! width=\"250px\" |Candidate\n! width=\"48px\" |Votes!! width=\"43px\" |%!! width=\"52px\" |<templatestyles src=\"Template:Tooltip/styles.css\" />±%\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />",
"Ralph (pronounced or ) is a male name of English origin, derived from the Old English \"Rædwulf\" and Old High German \"Radulf\", cognate with the Old Norse \"Raðulfr\" (\"rað\" \"counsel\" and \"ulfr\" \"wolf\"). The most common forms are:\n<templatestyles src=\"Template:TOC_right/styles.css\" />\nReferences. <templatestyles src=\"Reflist/styles.css\" />\n<templatestyles src=\"Dmbox/styles.css\" />\n [[File:WPanthroponymy.svg|30px|alt=|link=]]\n Name list[[Category:Articles with short description]]This page or section lists people that share the same [[given name]] or the same [[family name]]."
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"doc_chunk": "Canadian politician\nRalph Osborne Campney (June 6, 1894 – October 6, 1967) was a Canadian politician. Born in Picton, Ontario, he first ran unsuccessfully for the House of Commons of Canada in the riding of Vancouver Centre in a 1948 by-election. A Liberal, he was elected in the 1949 federal election and in 1953. He was defeated in 1957. From 1951 to 1952, he was the Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of National Defence. From 1952 to 1954, he was the Solicitor General of Canada. From 1953 to 1954, he was also the Associate Minister of National Defence. From 1954 to 1957, he was the Minister of National Defence. Early life and military service. Campney was born on June 6, 1894, on a farm near Picton, Ontario, to Frank Campney and Mary Emily Cronk. Campney attended Picton Collegiate and graduated at 16, beginning a career as a rural school teacher. In 1914, Campney entered Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, studying medicine. In March 1915, Campney enlisted in the Canadian Army with No.5 Stationary Hospital (Queen's). During World War I he was deployed overseas to Egypt as part of the Dardanelles Campaign. The unit was later transferred to the Western Front where it supported Allied forces at the Battle of the Somme. In 1917, Campney was commissioned into the infantry, joining the 19th Canadian Infantry Battalion after the Battle of Vimy Ridge. He served with the unit until the Battle of Passchendaele when he was invalided to England.",
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